title: Adalbert Stifter

texts:
 captured in a clerihew:  <mask> Stifter / Was no weight-lifter: / He would hire old lags / To carry his bags. In Hermann Hesse's Steppenwolf, the main character Harry Haller wonders "whether it isn't time to follow the example of <mask> Stifter and have an accident while shaving". Thomas Mann was also an admirer of Stifter, calling him "one of the most extraordinary, the most enigmatic, the most secretly daring and the most strangely gripping narrators in world literature." Rilke and Hugo von Hofmannsthal were deeply indebted to his art. Recent production
In 2007 German theater director Heiner Goebbels, inspired by works of <mask> Stifter, composed and directed a musical installation called Stifters Dinge (Stifter's Things), which premiered in 2007 at the Théâtre Vidy-Lausanne, in Lausanne, Switzerland. Works

 Julius (1830)
 Der Condor (3 vols.1839)
 Feldblumen ("Field Flowers") (1841)
 Das alte Siegel (1844)
 Die Narrenburg (1844)
 Studien (6 vols. unknown 1851.Rock Crystal, tr. Lee M. Hollander, 1914.Rock Crystal, tr. Elizabeth Mayer and Marianne Moore, 1945. Re-issued by Pushkin Press 2001 and by the New York Review of Books 2008. Brigitta, tr. Ilsa Barea, 1960.Limestone and Other Stories, Harcourt, Brace & World, tr.David Luke,  1968.The Recluse, Jonathan Cape, Cape Editions, tr. David Luke,  1968.Indian Summer, Peter Lang, tr. Wendell Frye, 1985.Brigitta and Other Tales, Penguin Press, tr. Helen Watanabe-O'Kelly, 1995.Witiko, Peter Lang, tr. Wendell Frye, 1999.The Bachelors, Pushkin Press, tr. David Bryer, 2009.Tales of Old Vienna and Other Prose, Ariadne Press, tr. Alexander Stillmark, 2016.Motley Stones, New York Review Books, tr.Isabel Fargo Cole, 2021

Notes

References
 Blackall, Eric (1948). <mask>

masks: Adalbert Adalbert Adalbert Adalbert


title: Adalbert Stifter

type: original

texts:
 <mask>: A Critical Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Frederick, Samuel (2012). Narratives Unsettled. Digression in Robert Walser, Thomas Bernhard, and <mask> <mask>. Evanston, Ill: Northwestern University Press.Gump, Margaret (1974). <mask> Stifter. New York: Twayne Publishers. Palm, Kurt (1999). Suppe Taube Spargel sehr sehr gut. Freistadt: Löcker (about Stifter's excessive eating habits) ()
 Schorske, Carl E. (1981). Fin-De-Siecle Vienna: Politics and Culture.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Swales, Martin & Erika Swales (1984). <mask> Stifter: A Critical Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Sjögren, Christine Oertel (1972). The Marble Statue as Idea. Collected Essays on <mask> <mask>'s Der Nachsommer.Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Further reading
 Arendt, Hannah (2007). "Great Friend of Reality." In: Reflections on Literature and Culture. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, pp. 110–114. Carroll Jeter, Joseph (1996).<mask> <mask>'s Bunte Steine. New York: Peter Lang. Devlin, F. Roger (2008). "Adalbert Sitfter and the 'Biedermeier' Imagination," Modern Age, Vol. L, No. 2, pp. 110–119.Grossmann Stone, Barbara S. (1990). <mask> Stifter and the Idyll: A Study of Witiko. New York: Peter Lang. Ragg-Kirkby, Helena (2000). <mask> <mask>'s Late Prose: the Mania for Moderation.'' Rochester, N.Y.: Camden House. External links

WMF project links

General sources
<mask> Stifter website

Works online

1805 births
1868 deaths
People from Horní Planá
German Bohemian people
Austrian male writers
Members of the Frankfurt Parliament
University of Vienna alumni
Biedermeier writers
Suicides by sharp instrument in Austria
Austrian people of German Bohemian

masks: Stifter Adalbert Stifter Adalbert Adalbert Adalbert Stifter Adalbert Stifter Adalbert Adalbert Stifter Adalbert


title: Ana Sánchez-Colberg

texts:
<mask>  is a Puerto Rican multidisciplinary artist working internationally. She has been awarded Fellowships by the Swedish Research Council, Arts Council of England, British Council amongst others. She has also been a recipient of a National Endowment for the Arts Award in 2016 and the recipient of the highly coveted MAP Funding (USA) award in 2019, among other awards and recognitions. Career and Activities
Since 2016 Sánchez-Colberg moves fully into non-stage multidisciplinary/cross-arts works based on experimentation with generative compositional rules to create new forms of collaborative and participatory contemporary art. The works defy categorization as they bring together elements of fine and visual art, audio composition, movement, photography and film, live documentation in works that question the relationship between art institutions, the 'art-object' and the subjects involved in the creation and reception. Her current portfolio can be seen at www.anasanchezcolberg.com

Her most recent film project 13 Variables [We are no longer who we were then, in dialogue with Jean Cocteau] was an official selection for the Athens Digital Arts festival 2021 edition, ScreenDance Miami, as well as an official selection for the Berlin International Art Film Festival. The work reimagines Cocteau's Jeune Homme et la Morte from the perspective of the Woman/Death.Love Letters to <mask> was part of exhibition Coantivirus curated by NY20+ Nongyuan Culture in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. From there it joined the permanent collection of the channel Six Minutes Past Nine, see the full series at: https://sixminutespastnine.com . The video series is a collaborations between nine international

masks:
Ana Sánchez Colberg
Ana


title: Ana Sánchez-Colberg

texts:
 artists during the nine-week period of 'heavy lockdown' in the city of Athens. <mask> is the lead artist who invited artists in 'lockdown cities' (from Seoul to Beijing, to Bangkok, Rome, Milan, San Antonio, to name some) to send her an audio 'love letter'. This love letter was used as an audio-score to 'go on a walk' (a poetic slightly ironic variation on the museum audio walk) in the conditions of 'containment'. The letters serve as a cross-border reflection on the shared and distinct conditions of 'lockdown' as well as an exercise in 'recuperation' amidst the loss. Event/Horizons was an international collaborative project bringing together over sixty-nine performing arts artists across the globe to share practices and concerns in response to the effect of the global pandemic.The project lasted for thirteen months, from October 2020 to December 2021 and concluded in an installation showcasing the work that was generated through the exchange. The archive of the full project can be seen at: https://www.eventhorizons2021.com

In February 2020 she was artistic mentor for the project Grass Stains in Miami, Fl, an initiative of Pioneer Winter Collective. This gathering of twenty-two creators worked under the mentorship and facilitation of Sánchez-Colberg, in a laboratory setting over the course of one week. The MDC Live Arts Lab surrounding MDC Wolfson Campus (Building 1) hosted the artists. The final event curated by Sánchez-Colberg can be viewed at https://vimeo.com/395733654. She will once again curate the event in March 2022. In 2019 <mask> was one of 40 awardees of the prestigious MAP Awards 2019 for the creation of the project 1[-1] Materiality of Exile in collaboration

masks: Ana Ana


title: Ana Sánchez-Colberg

texts:
 College Dance Stockholm, and the Hong Kong Academy of Performing Arts, amongst others. She has worked at centres for dance and theatre training, including the Laban Centre for Movement and Dance (now Trinity/Laban, the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama, Helsinki Theatre Academy, and most recently the University of the Arts Department of Dance and Circus  in Stockholm where she has held the position of Visiting Professor of Choreography and Composition 2006–2013. She is currently Professor of Theatre at the Estonia Academy of Music and Theatre. Her publications can be accessed at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/<mask>-Colberg

Work in Theatre and Performance
Sánchez-Colberg also has a track record in work in theatre and performance. Sánchez-Colberg holds a BA (Hons) Theatre Arts, Magna Cum Laude (with a double major in Drama Literature-20th Century ) from the University of Pennsylvania. As part of the work towards the honours, she followed an independent programme of study leading to a dissertation looking at the 'birth' of physical theatre in relation to changes to theatre and dance practices stemming from the avant-garde of the early 1900s in Europe.The work looked in detail at practitioners such as Meyerhold, Copeau, Checkhov, Lecoq, Artaud and Grotowski. The research had a practical dimension in collaboration with the physical theatre company 'Intuitions', a devised-performance based on Euripide's Bacchae for which she did the movement direction as well as played the lead role of Dyonisus. As movement director for Intuitions, she was involved in three major productions: Alice in Wonderland (1983) (based on the Andre Gregory Performance Garage text of the


title: Johann Albrecht Bengel

texts:
<mask> (24 June 1687 – 2 November 1752), also known as <mask>, was a Lutheran pietist clergyman and Greek-language scholar known for his edition of the Greek New Testament and his commentaries on it. Life and career
<mask> was born at Winnenden in Württemberg. Due to the death of his father in 1693, he was educated by a family friend, David Wendel Spindler, who became a master in the gymnasium at Stuttgart. In 1703 <mask> left Stuttgart and entered the University of Tübingen as a student at the Tübinger Stift, where, in his spare time, he devoted himself especially to the works of Aristotle and Spinoza, and, in theology, to those of Philipp Spener, <mask> and August Francke. His knowledge of the metaphysics of Spinoza was such that he was selected by one of the professors to prepare materials for a treatise, De Spinosismo, which was afterwards published. After acquiring his degree, <mask> devoted himself to theology. Even at this time he had religious doubts; it is interesting in view of his later work that one cause of his perplexities was the difficulty of ascertaining the true reading of certain passages in the Greek New Testament.<mask> entered the ministry in 1707 and was appointed to the parochial charge of Metzingen-unter-Urach. In the following year he was recalled to Tübingen to undertake the office of Repetent (theological tutor). He remained at Tübingen until 1713, when he was appointed head of a seminary recently established at Denkendorf as a preparatory school of theology. Before entering into his new duties he travelled through

masks:
Johann Albrecht Bengel
Bengelius
Bengel
Bengel
Johann Arndt
Bengel
Bengel


title: Johann Albrecht Bengel

texts:
 members of the consistory, recognizing the good effects of such meetings, were inclined to concede considerable liberty. <mask> exerted himself on the side of the members of the consistory.In 1751 the University of Tübingen conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity. He died in Stuttgart, aged 65. <mask> carried on an 18-year-long controversy with Nicolaus Ludwig, Count von Zinzendorf, leader of the Moravian Brethren from Herrnhut in Saxony. This led to a break between the Moravian Brethren and the dour Pietism typical of Württemberg, represented by <mask>. With his determined certainty giving him systematic insight into the divine Plan of Salvation, <mask> dogmatically opposed the dynamic, ecumenical, missionary efforts of Zinzendorf, who was indifferent to all dogmatism and intolerance. As <mask> did not hesitate to manipulate historical calendars in his chiliastic attempts to predict the end of the world, Zinzendorf rejected this as superstitious  “interpretation of signs.”

His reputation as a Biblical scholar and critic rests chiefly on his edition of the Greek New Testament (1734) and his exegetical annotations on the same, which have passed through many editions in Latin, German, and English and are still highly valued by expositors of the New Testament. Greek New Testament

<mask>'s edition of the Greek New Testament was published at Tübingen in 1734, and at Stuttgart in the same year, but without the critical apparatus.As early as 1725, in an addition to his edition of Chrysostoms De Sacerdotio, he had given an account in

masks: Bengel Bengel Bengel Bengel Bengel Bengel


title: Johann Albrecht Bengel

texts: his Prodromus Novi Testamenti Graeci recte cauteque adornandi of the principles on which his intended edition was to be based. In preparation for his work, <mask> was able to avail himself of the collations of upwards of twenty manuscripts, none of them, however, of great importance, twelve of which had been collated by himself. In constituting the text, he imposed upon himself the singular restriction of not inserting any variant reading which had not already been printed in some preceding edition of the Greek text. From this rule, however, he deviated in the case of the Apocalypse, where, owing to the corrupt state of the text, he felt himself at liberty to introduce certain readings on manuscript authority. In the lower margin of the page he inserted a selection of various readings, the relative importance of which he denoted by the first five letters of the Greek alphabet in the following manner: α was employed to denote the reading which in his judgment was the true one, although he did not venture to place it in the text; β, a reading better than that in the text; γ, one equal to the textual reading; and δ, readings inferior to those in the text. Robert Estienne's division into verses was retained in the inner margin, but the text was divided into paragraphs. The text was followed by a critical apparatus, the first part of which consisted of an introduction to the criticism of the New Testament, in the thirty-fourth section of which he laid down and explained his celebrated canon, Proclivi scriptioni praestat ardua (The difficult


title: Johann Albrecht Bengel

texts: reading is to be preferred to that which is easy), the soundness of which, as a general principle, has been recognized by succeeding critics.The second part of the critical apparatus was devoted to a consideration of the various readings, and here <mask> adopted the plan of stating the evidence both against and in favor of a particular reading, thus placing before the reader the materials for forming a judgment. <mask> was the first definitely to propound the theory of families or recensions of manuscripts. His investigations had led him to see that a certain affinity or resemblance existed amongst many of the authorities for the Greek text manuscripts, versions, and ecclesiastical writers: for example, if a peculiar reading was found in one of these, it was generally also found in the other members of the same class; and this general relationship seemed to point ultimately to a common origin for all the authorities which presented such peculiarities. Although disposed at first to divide the various documents into three classes, he finally adopted a classification into two: the African or older family of documents, and the Asiatic, or more recent class, to which he attached only a subordinate value. The theory was afterwards adopted by J.S. Semler and J.J. Griesbach, and worked up into an elaborate system by the latter critic. <mask>'s labors on the text of the Greek Testament were received with great disfavour in many quarters.Like Brian Walton and John Mill before him, he had to encounter the opposition of those who believed that the

masks: Bengel Bengel Bengel


title: Johann Albrecht Bengel

texts:
 certainty of the word of God was endangered by the importance attached to the various readings. JJ Wetstein, on the other hand, accused him of excessive caution in not making freer use of his critical materials. In answer to these strictures, <mask> published a Defence of the Greek Text of His New Testament, which he prefixed to his Harmony of the Four Gospels, published in 1736, and which contained an answer to the complaints, especially of Wetstein, which had been made against him. The text of <mask> long enjoyed a high reputation among scholars, and has been frequently reprinted. An enlarged edition of the critical apparatus was published by Philip David Burk in 1763. Gnomon Novi Testamenti
The other great work of <mask>, and that on which his reputation as an exegete is mainly based, is his Gnomon Novi Testamenti, or Exegetical Annotations on the New Testament, published in 1742. It was the fruit of twenty years labor, and exhibits with a brevity of expression, which, it has been said, condenses more matter into a line than can be extracted from pages of other writers, the results of his study.He modestly entitled his work a Gnomon or index, his object being rather to guide the reader to ascertain the meaning for himself, than to save him from the trouble of personal investigation. The principles of interpretation on which he proceeded were, to import nothing into Scripture, but to draw out of it everything that it really contained, in conformity with grammatico-historical rules not to be hampered by dogmatical considerations; and not to


title: Johann Albrecht Bengel

texts: be influenced by the symbolical books. <mask>'s hope that the Gnomon would help to rekindle a fresh interest in the study of the New Testament was fully realized. It has passed through many editions, has been translated into German and into English (by Charlton T. Lewis and Marvin Vincent in 1860), and is still valued by expositors of the New Testament. Methodist founder John Wesley made great use of it in compiling his Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament (1755), despite an initial inclination towards "consulting none but the inspired writers". Besides the two works already described, <mask> was the editor or author of many others, classical, patristic, ecclesiastical and expository. The more important are: Ordo Temporum, a treatise on the chronology of Scripture, in which he enters upon speculations regarding the end of the world, and an Exposition of the Apocalypse which enjoyed for a time great popularity in Germany, and was translated into several languages.His fame was such that almost 200 years later, Hermann Hesse has the hero of The Glass Bead Game discuss <mask>'s writings. Chiliastic views. <mask>’s meticulous study of the Bible led him to believe that dates and time periods were related, all the way through from Genesis to Revelation, bringing him to the conclusion that June 18, 1836 would witness the start of the Millennium, to include the fall of the Antichrist, which he believed to be the Roman Catholic Church, the conversion of the Jews, the reign of Christ for 1000 years as promised in Revelation 20, and the final

masks: Bengel Bengel Bengel Bengel


title: Johann Albrecht Bengel

texts:
 judgement. <mask>’s calculations regarding a date for the return of Christ and the end-times influenced not only his contemporary, John Wesley, but also <mask> Jung-Stilling, whose inclusion of <mask>’s date into his famous novel, Das Heimweh (Homesickness or Nostalgia) inspired many German Pietists at the time to emigrate towards the east, where they sought safety until Christ’s return. The great German theologian, inventor and astronomer, Philipp Matthäus Hahn,[1739 - 1790] constructed an astronomical clock inspired by <mask>’s eschatological calculations, and his granddaughter, Pauline Beate, was to marry Christoph Hoffmann, the founder of the Adventist group, the German Templers. <mask>’s date for the Second Coming and the final judgement were largely unknown by the English speaking Adventists during the early 19th century, partly due to the fact that he wrote in Latin, which was translated into German, and partly overshadowed by the popular writings of William Miller and his projected date of 1844. Notes

References
Oskar Wächter, J.A<mask>s Lebensabriss
John C. F. Burk, ed., A memoir of the life and writings of John Albert <mask> (), translated into English by Rev. R. F. Walker (London, 1837 and 1842)
Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopädie
E. Nestle, <mask> als Gelehrter (1893)

 Werner Raupp: "<mask>, <mask>", in: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL), vol. 22, Nordhausen: Bautz 2003 (), kol. 84–110 (with detailed bibliography). Werner Raupp: "<mask>, <mask> (1687–1752)", in: Heiner F. Klemme, Manfred Kuehn (Hrsg. ), The

masks:
Bengel
Johann Heinrich
Bengel
Bengel
Bengel
. Bengel
Bengel
Bengel
Bengel
Johann Albrecht
Bengel
Johann Albrecht


title: Johann Albrecht Bengel

texts:
 Dictionary of Eighteenth-Century German Philosophers, vol. 1.London/New York 2010, p. 92–95. External links

 Gnomon Novi Testamenti Vol. 1. (English translation, covering Matthew and Mark.) Gnomon Novi Testamenti Vol. 2. (English translation, covering Luke, John, and Acts.)Gnomon Novi Testamenti Vol. 3. (English translation, covering Romans, I Corinthians, and II Corinthians.) Gnomon Novi Testamenti Vol. 4. (English translation, covering Galatians through Hebrews.) Gnomon Novi Testamenti Vol.5. (English translation, covering the Catholic Epistles and Revelation.) Novum Testamentum Graecum, 1734  (Greek text with Latin introduction)
 Exposition of the Apocalypse (English translation)
 A Memoir of the Life and Writings of John Albert <mask> (English translation)

1687 births
1752 deaths
18th-century apocalypticists
18th-century German Protestant theologians
18th-century German male writers
Biblical criticism
Doctors of Divinity
Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
German biblical scholars
German Lutheran theologians
German male non-fiction writers
People from the Duchy of Württemberg
People from Winnenden
Textual scholarship
University of Tübingen alumni
Lutheran biblical


title: France Bučar

texts:
<mask> (2 February 1923 – 21 October 2015) was a Slovenian politician, legal expert and author. Between 1990 and 1992, he served as the first speaker of the freely elected Slovenian Parliament. He was the one to formally declare the independence of Slovenia on 25 June 1991. He is considered one of the founding fathers of Slovenian democracy and independence. He is also considered, together with Peter Jambrek, the main author of the current Slovenian constitution. Biography
<mask> was born in the small Upper Carniolan town of Bohinjska Bistrica in what was then the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, now in Slovenia. After graduating from the St. Stanislaus Institute in Šentvid near Ljubljana, he enrolled in the University of Ljubljana, where he studied law.After the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia, <mask> joined the Liberation Front of the Slovenian People. In May 1942, he was arrested by the Italian Fascist authorities and sent to the Gonars concentration camp. After the Italian armistice, he returned home, but was arrested by the Nazis. In July 1944, he escaped and joined the Partisan resistance in southern Carinthia. In 1944, he joined the Communist Party of Slovenia, after a guarantee that he could keep his Roman Catholic religious affiliation. In May 1945, he was in the military unit that liberated Klagenfurt. After the end of the war, <mask> was included in the Slovenian division of the Corps of National Defence (later renamed to OZNA), a Yugoslav military counter-intelligence service.He was demobilized in 1946. In 1947 he graduated from law at the University of Ljubljana. Between 1947 and 1956, he worked as an expert on economic law in the government of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia. In 1956, he obtained his PhD at the University of Zagreb and moved to Belgrade,

masks:
France Bučar
Bučar
Bučar
Bučar


title: France Bučar

texts: where he worked as a secretary in the Ministry of Foreign Commerce for one year. In 1957, he became a legal consultant of the Republic Assembly (State Parliament) of Slovenia. In 1959, he travelled to the United States as an Eisenhower Exchange Fellow, studying for ten months at the University of Philadelphia. In 1962, he started teaching public administration at the Faculty of Law of the University of Ljubljana.During this period, <mask> started openly voicing his criticism to certain features of the Yugoslav Communist system, especially the excessive centralism and the not entirely successful economic integration of the different regions of Yugoslavia. In 1963, he was excluded from the Communist Party. He continued teaching at the university, where he grew increasingly popular among students; in an environment that was skeptical to non-Marxist social theories, Bučar expanded the curriculum by introducing system theory and the thought of Max Weber. Unlike other prominent faculty, Bučar assumed a skeptical attitude towards the student movement in the years 1968–1972. After 1968, he published numerous articles criticizing the establishment of large business systems in Yugoslavia, the frequent changes in the legal framework and the lack of clear responsibilities in decision-making processes. In 1976, he was fired from the university and was not allowed to publish anything for five years. In the 1980s, he started collaborating with the alternative journal Nova revija.In early 1988, he was invited to speak at the European Parliament; he caused a scandal in Yugoslavia by proposing to block all economic aid to the socialist countries of Eastern Europe in order to force them to adopt economic and political reform. In 1989, he was among the co-founders of the Slovenian Democratic


title: France Bučar

texts:
 Union, one of the first opposition parties to the Communist regime in Slovenia. After the victory of the DEMOS coalition in the first free elections in Slovenia in 1990, <mask> was elected as the Chairman of the Slovenian National Assembly. As the speaker of the Parliament and member of the Constitution Committee, <mask> had a crucial role in the adoption of the new Slovenian constitution. During this period, Bučar insisted on providing a sound legal basis for Slovenia's independence from Yugoslavia, and rejected all voluntaristic political actions, gaining a label of legalist. After the split in the Slovenian Democratic Union, <mask> joined the Democratic Party led by Dimitrij Rupel. He was re-elected to the National Assembly in 1992 and became the chairman of the Committee for the Control over the Secret Service.In 1993, he left the party, remaining an independent MP until the elections of 1996. In 1996, he unsuccessfully ran as mayor of Ljubljana backed by a coalition of centre-right parties. In 2002, he unsuccessfully ran for President of Slovenia as an independent candidate. Until May 2012, he was the president of the International Paneuropean Union for Slovenia. In June 2012, <mask> stated in an interview for the magazine Mladina that the democracy in Slovenia was very weak, with the power concentrated in the hands of a few people, as in the time of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia before 1991, and that the Parliament was only a formal institution. <mask> lived in Ljubljana. Besides Slovene, he was fluent in German, English, and Serbo-Croatian.He died on 21 October 2015 at the age of 92. Major works
Naš bodoči razvoj (Our Future Development; Ljubljana, 1961)
Pot napredka (The Path of Progress; Ljubljana, 1961)
Kakšen gospodarski sistem? (What Kind of Economic

masks: Bučar Bučar Bučar Bučar Bučar


title: Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé

texts:
<mask> (9 August 1736 – 13 May 1818) was Prince of Condé from 1740 to his death. A member of the House of Bourbon, he held the prestigious rank of <mask> Sang. Youth

Born on 9 August 1736 at Chantilly, <mask> was the only son of <mask>, Prince of Condé (1692–1740) and Landgravine Caroline of Hesse-Rotenburg (1714–41). As a cadet of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a prince du sang. His father <mask>, was the eldest son of <mask>, Prince of Condé (known as Monsieur le Duc) and his wife <mask>, legitimated daughter of <mask> and Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart, Marquise de Montespan. During his father's lifetime, the infant <mask> was known as the Duke of Enghien, (duc d'Enghien). At the age of four, following his father's death in 1740, and his mother's death in 1741, he was placed under the care of his paternal uncle, <mask>, Count of Clermont, his father's youngest brother.Family

<mask> had an older half sister, Henriette de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Verneuil (1725–1780). Through his mother, he was a first cousin of King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and of Marie Thérèse of Savoy, Princess de Lamballe. His paternal cousins included <mask> de Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans (mother of Philippe Égalité), the sister of <mask> de Bourbon, Prince of Conti, head of another cadet branch of the royal dynasty. Viktoria of Hesse-Rotenburg, the Princess of Soubise, was another first cousin. <mask> married Charlotte de Rohan in 1753, the daughter of the French king <mask>'s friend,

masks:
Louis Joseph de Bourbon
Prince du
Louis Joseph
Louis Henri I
Louis Henri
Louis de Bourbon
Louise Françoise de Bourbon
Louis XIV
Louis Joseph
Louis
Louis Joseph
Louise Henriette
Louis François
Louis Joseph
Louis XV


title: Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé

texts: Charles de Rohan, Prince of Soubise. Charlotte's mother, Anne Marie <mask> La Tour d'Auvergne, was a daughter of Emmanuel Théodose de La Tour d'Auvergne, the reigning Duke of Bouillon. The couple were married at Versailles on 3 May 1753.Together, they had three children: a daughter, Marie de Bourbon, who died young; an only son, <mask> de Bourbon, who would later become the last Prince of Condé; and a daughter, <mask>de de Bourbon. In 1770, his son married Bathilde d'Orléans, daughter of <mask> I, Duke of Orléans, and sister of Philippe Égalité. The marriage was supposed to heal relations between the Condé and Orléans branches of the royal family. <mask>'s wife Charlotte died in 1760, and as time passed, his relationship with Maria Caterina Brignole, Princess of Monaco, became serious. Maria was the daughter of Giuseppe Brignole, Marquis of Groppoli and Maria Anna Balbi. By 1769, Maria had begun to set up a home in the Hôtel de Lassay, an annex of the Prince of Condé's primary residence, the Palais Bourbon. In 1770, her jealous husband, Honoré III, Prince of Monaco, ordered the borders of Monaco closed in an attempt to prevent her from escaping.She managed, nonetheless, to cross into France and found her way to Le Mans, southwest of Paris, where she took refuge in a convent. Eventually, she was able to return to Paris. Due to Maria Caterina's illicit position as the <mask> of Condé's mistress, the new French queen, 18-year-old Marie Antoinette (wife of King <mask> of France),

masks:
Louise de
Louis Henri
Louise Adlaï
Louis Philippe
Louis Joseph
Prince
Louis XVI


title: Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé

texts:
 treated her poorly at court, which consequently offended <mask>. In about 1774, <mask> and his mistress Maria began the construction of the Hôtel de Monaco, which was to be her permanent home in Paris. It was in the rue Saint-Dominique, near the Palais Bourbon, and was completed in 1777. Subsequently, <mask> of Monaco finally realized his relationship with Maria Caterina was completely finished and thereupon turned his attention to his own love affairs. Maria Caterina later wrote to her husband that their marriage could be summarised in three words: greed, bravery, and jealousy.Later life

During both the reigns of King <mask> and his grandson, King <mask>, <mask> held the position of Grand Maître de France in the King's royal household, the Maison du Roi. Obtaining the rank of general, he fought in the Seven Years' War with some distinction, serving alongside his father-in-law, the <mask> of Soubise. He was also Governor of Burgundy. Furthermore, the Prince was the leader of the Condé army of émigrés. He used her great fortune to help finance the exiled French community's resistance movement. In 1765, named the heir of his paternal aunt, Élisabeth Alexandrine de Bourbon, <mask> received generous pensions which Élisabeth Alexandrine had in turn acquired from her cousin, <mask>-Françoise de Bourbon. In that same year, <mask> repurchased the Palais Bourbon, previously owned by his family, from King <mask>, and decided to rebuild it from a country house into a monumental palace,

masks:
Louis Joseph
Louis Joseph
Prince Honoré
Louis XV
Louis XVI
Louis Joseph
Prince
Louis Joseph
Louise
Louis Joseph
Louis XV


title: Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé

texts: in the new Classical Revival style.With this in mind, he purchased the neighboring Hôtel de Lassay in 1768, planning to make the two buildings into one. However, the palace was only finished at the end of the 1780s, when the French Revolution later swept away the old regime. He then moved from the Hôtel de Condé, where he was born, to the Palais Bourbon. The former residence was later sold to King <mask> in 1770, becoming the subsequent site of the Odéon Theatre. Among other estates, <mask> also inherited the famous Château de Chantilly, the main seat of the Condé line. At Chantilly, the prince conducted a number of improvements and embellishments in the years before the French Revolution. He had the Château d'Enghien built on the grounds of the estate to house guests when the prince entertained at Chantilly.It was constructed in 1769 by the architect, Jean François Leroy, and was later renamed the Château d'Enghien in honour of his grandson, <mask> de Bourbon, Duke of Enghien, who was born at Chantilly in 1772. He also commissioned a large garden in the English style as well as an hameau, much like the contemporary one that Queen Marie Antoinette had created at Versailles and at the Petit Trianon château. <mask> lived with his mistress Maria in France until the French revolution, when the couple left for Germany and then Great Britain. In 1795, Prince Honoré of Monaco died, and on 24 October 1798, the <mask> of Condé and Maria were married in London. The marriage was kept

masks:
Louis XV
Louis Joseph
Louis Antoine
Louis Joseph
Prince


title: Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé

texts:
 secret for a decade, the couple reportedly becoming openly known as husband and wife only after 26 December 1808. Exile
During the French Revolution, <mask> was a dedicated supporter of the monarchy and one of the principal leaders of the counter-revolutionary movement. After the storming of the Bastille in 1789, he fled France with his son and grandson, before the Reign of Terror which arrested, tried and guillotined most of the Bourbons still living in France: <mask>, Marie Antoinette and the Duke of Orleans (Philippe Égalité) were executed in 1793, and the king's sister, Madame Élisabeth, was beheaded in 1794.<mask> established himself at Coblenz in 1791, where he helped to organize and lead a large counter-revolutionary army of émigrés. In addition to containing the prince's grandson, <mask>-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé, duc d'Enghien, and the two sons of his cousin, the late king's brother, the comte d'Artois, the corps included many young aristocrats who eventually became leaders during the Bourbon Restoration years later. This group also included Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu, <mask> Jean Casimir de Blacas and François-René de Chateaubriand. The Army of Condé initially fought in conjunction with the Austrians. Later, due to differences with the Austrian plan of attack, however, the <mask> Condé entered with his corps into English pay in 1795. In 1796, the army fought in Swabia. In 1797, Austria signed the Treaty of Campo Formio with the First French

masks:
Louis Joseph
Louis XVI
Louis Joseph
Louis
Pierre Louis
Prince de


title: Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé

texts:
 Republic, formally ending its hostilities against the French.With the loss of its closest allies, the army transferred into the service of the Russian tsar, Paul I and was stationed in Poland, returning in 1799 to the Rhine under Alexander Suvorov. In 1800 when Russia left the Allied coalition, the army re-entered English service and fought in Bavaria. The army was disbanded in 1801 without having achieved its principal ambition, restoring Bourbon rule in France. After the dissolution of the corps, the prince spent his exile in England, where he lived with his second wife, Maria Caterina Brignole, the divorced wife of Honoré III, Prince of Monaco, whom he had married in 1798. She died in 1813. With the defeat of Napoleon, <mask> returned to Paris, where he resumed his courtly duties as grand maître in the royal household of <mask>II. He died in 1818 and was succeeded by his son, <mask>.His daughter, <mask> de Bourbon, who was a nun and had become the abbess of Remiremont Abbey, survived until 1824. He was buried at the Basilica of St Denis. Issue
Marie de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Bourbon (16 February 1755 – 22 June 1759) died in infancy. <mask> Joseph de Bourbon, <mask> of Condé, Duke of Bourbon (13 April 1756 – 30 August 1830) married Bathilde d'Orléans and had issue. <mask> de Bourbon (5 October 1757 – 10 March 1824) died unmarried. Ancestry

References and notes

External links

Princes of France (Bourbon)
Louis
Princes of Condé
Dukes of Enghien
Louis

masks:
Louis Joseph
Louis XVI
Louis Henri
Louise Adélaïde
Louis Henri
Prince
Louise Adélaïde


title: Danesha Adams

texts:
<mask> (born June 6, 1986) is an American retired soccer forward and midfielder. She is an assistant coach for the Houston Cougars. She played for Portland Thorns FC in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She previously played for Sky Blue FC and Washington Spirit of the NWSL, Chicago Red Stars and Philadelphia Independence in the WPS, Medkila IL in Norway's Toppserien, Vittsjö GIK in the Swedish Damallsvenskan, and Ataşehir Belediyespor in Turkey's Women's First Football League as well as for the Cleveland Internationals and Pali Blues in the W-League. Early life
Born in Bellflower, California to LaVonne and <mask>, <mask> attended Walnut High School in Walnut, California for one year, earning Rookie of the Year honors and playing on the Region-IV Olympic Development Program (ODP) Team. After moving to Ohio with her family, <mask> finished her high school career at Shaker Heights High School in Shaker Heights, Ohio where she would set the school's single-season record for goals and assists

<mask> played club soccer for the FC Slammers and helped the team to two state championships. She was named MVP of the Under-19 Super Group at the 2003 Surf Cup after leading her team to the title and helped her team capture the Frosted Flakes Kellogg's Cup in 2000, earning a picture on a Kellogg's cereal box.<mask> was a Third-Team All-Ohio selection. Playing career

Collegiate
<mask> attended UCLA where she played four years for the Bruins. As a freshman, she played in all 25 games, starting 23. She ended the season ranked second on the team and fourth in the Pac-10 Conference in scoring with 28 points (12 goals and 4 assists). She also ranked first on the team with five game-winning goals. <mask> scored four

masks:
Danesha LaVne Adams
Lawrence Adams
Danesha
Adams
Adams
Adams
Adams
Adams


title: Danesha Adams

texts:
 goals during the NCAA Tournament, including game winners over Duke in the third round and Princeton during the semi-final. She was named a Soccer America and Soccer Buzz Freshman All-American.Other season honors included: Pac-10 Player of the Week, 2004 NCAA All-Tournament Team, and Soccer America's Team of the Week. As a sophomore, she started all 26 matches and led the Pac-10 in scoring with 46 points on 21 goals and four assists, setting a new single-season school record with nine game-winning goals. <mask> was named to the NSCAA/adidas second-team All-American and was a member of Soccer America's Collegiate MVP Team. She was also named First-team Soccer Buzz All-American, First-team All-Pac-10, and was a member of the all-tournament team at the NCAA College Cup. During the NCAA Tournament, she scored a record four goals in the Bruins' 5–0 victory over Virginia during the NCAA Quarterfinals and tallied a total of six goals during UCLA's run to the NCAA Final. During her junior year, <mask> played and started 19 matches. She missed the first four matches of the year while competing at the FIFA Under-20 World Championships in Russia and later missed two more matches while competing with the full U.S. Women's National Team.<mask> earned third-team NSCAA/adidas All-America honors, was a Soccer Buzz second-team All-American and First-team All-Pac-10 selection. She ranked second on the team in scoring with 28 points on twelve goals and four assists. She also ranked second in game-winning goals with seven. <mask> was named Soccer America's National Player of the Week after scoring three goals in victories over number three-ranked Texas A&M and number eleven UConn. Club

Women's Professional Soccer,

masks: Adams Adams Adams Adams


title: Danesha Adams

texts:
 2009–2011
<mask> signed with the Chicago Red Stars for the 2009 WPS season. She made 12 appearances for the club, making two starts. <mask> signed with the Philadelphia Independence for the 2010 season.Her goal in the 103rd minute of the WPS Super Semi-final gave the Independence a 2–1 overtime win over the Boston Breakers leading the team to the 2010 WPS Championship. National Women's Soccer League, 2013–2014
In 2013, <mask> signed with Sky Blue FC for the inaugural season of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). On January 10, 2014, the Houston Dash selected <mask> with the ninth pick in the 2014 NWSL Expansion Draft. Just a few days later, on January 13, 2014, the Houston Dash traded <mask> to the Washington Spirit for Stephanie Ochs. On September 12 Washington Spirit waived <mask>. On September 15, 2014, <mask> was selected by Portland Thorns FC, from among players waived by NWSL clubs, for the 2015 season. Ataşehir Belediyespor, 2013
On November 1, 2013, <mask> signed for the Turkish team Ataşehir Belediyespor in Istanbul.She capped in all the seven matches of the Women's First League's first half season, and scored eight goals. International
As a junior international, <mask> took part in the 2006 U-20 World Championship, where she was the United States's top scorer with three goals and was included in the competition's all-star team. She made her first and only appearance for the United States women's national soccer team one month later in a friendly match against Chinese Taipei, providing an assist for Megan Rapinoe at the 82nd minute. International career statistics

Coaching career
She has coached for the University of Houston since 2017. References

External links

 US Soccer player

masks: Adams Adams Adams Adams Adams Adams Adams Adams Adams


title: Alfred Ludlam

texts:
<mask> (1810 – 8 November 1877) was a leading New Zealand politician, horticulturist and farmer who owned land at Wellington and in the Hutt Valley. A member of three of New Zealand's four earliest parliaments, he was also a philanthropist and a founder of Wellington's Botanic Garden. Birth in Ireland

Born in or near the town of Newry, County Down, Ireland, <mask> lived for a while in the West Indies before coming to New Zealand, where he would spend the rest of his life apart from visits to Australia and England. (Little is known about <mask>'s early activities in Ireland or the West Indies but a preserved specimen of the common iguana, collected by him on Tobago, is listed in an 1845 British Museum catalogue of lizards.) Career in New Zealand

<mask>, aged 30, arrived at Wellington on New Zealand's North Island on 12 December 1840 from Gravesend in England. He is listed as a "cabin passenger" aboard the 700-ton emigrant vessel London, which sailed under the auspices of the New Zealand Company. (The company had formed in London the previous year with the purpose of promoting the orderly colonisation of New Zealand by British settlers.)He prospered in his new homeland, proving an energetic, intelligent and highly capable settler who proceeded to play an active role in the Wellington region's civic and cultural life. He assisted the Lower Hutt militia during the New Zealand Wars, which pitted the British colonists against the indigenous Māori tribes. He served in the militia as Captain <mask> from July 1860 onwards. In 1853 voters elected <mask> and Edward Gibbon Wakefield (formerly one of the directors of the New Zealand Company) to represent the electorate of Hutt in New Zealand's first Parliament,

masks:
Alfred Ludlam
Ludlam
Ludlam
Alfred Ludlam
Ludlam
Ludlam


title: Alfred Ludlam

texts: which opened in Auckland on 24 May the following year. <mask> would also be elected as a member of the second Parliament and the fourth Parliament, representing Hutt in 1853–55 (resigned 9 July), 1855–56 (resigned 16 August) and 1866–70 (retired). He resigned his seat before the conclusion of both the 1st and 2nd Parliaments. In addition, <mask> was elected to represent the Hutt Valley on the Wellington Provincial Council in 1853–56 and again in 1866–70.His propensity for straight-talking inhibited his ability as a deft political operator but it did earn him the respect of his parliamentary colleagues and his constituents. He was nicknamed "Old Bricks" because of his solid, reliable character and stern appearance. Taller than average in height, he sported mutton-chop whiskers and a monocle during his time in public life. During the 1850s and 1860s, Ludlam's political and social activities brought him into occasional contact with the uncle of his wife—the English-born baronet and former Barbados sugar planter Sir Samuel Osborne-Gibbes. Sir Samuel (1803–1874) was a prominent Freemason and a landed proprietor at Whangarei, in the far north of New Zealand's North Island. He was a Legislative Councillor from 1855 to 1863, impressing Ludlam with the strength of his belief in noblesse oblige community service and his advocacy of high ethical standards. Ludlam became a notable landed proprietor.His holdings included real estate in Ghuznee Street, Wellington (town sections 169 and 171), and he owned a substantial riverside farm at Waiwhetū in Lower Hutt, where he ran flocks of sheep and developed a reputation as an expert in horticulture. He had purchased the Waiwhetū farm from fellow-pioneer Francis Molesworth

masks: Ludlam Ludlam


title: Alfred Ludlam

texts: in the mid-1840s, calling it Newry after his home town in Ireland. Ludlam built a large house at Newry in 1848, replacing the farm's first homestead. The farm also boasted an orchard, a spacious barn often used for public functions (such as an official dinner held for the governor, Sir George Grey, in 1851) and a stone windmill that Molesworth had erected in 1845. In 1860 Ludlam imported the first Romney Marsh sheep from England into New Zealand, instituting a successful ovine breeding program at a purpose-built stud at Newry. (His brother-in-law, Augustus Onslow Manby Gibbes, conducted a similar Romney Marsh breeding program at his Australian sheep property, Yarralumla (the present-day site of Australia's Government House in Canberra), during this same period). Ludlam also opened a beautiful landscaped garden at Newry in 1868.He called it The Gums as a tribute to Australia's native eucalyptus trees, which he had studied. (After <mask>'s death the area was renamed McNabb's Gardens and later converted into the Bellevue Pleasure Gardens.) <mask> supported the Wellington Colonial Museum and was one of the driving forces behind the establishment of the Wellington Botanic Garden in 1869, having introduced into the New Zealand Parliament legislation to "establish and regulate" the garden. He also introduced an act of parliament which entrusted management of the Botanic Garden to the New Zealand Institute (forerunner of the Royal Society of New Zealand). His contribution to the garden's establishment is commemorated on the  site by the pedestrian thoroughfare known as Ludlam Way. A year after the Botanic Garden was established by means of a Crown Grant (dated 22 November 1869), Ludlam acted as a pallbearer at


title: Alfred Ludlam

texts:
 move, however, almost proved to be a fatal mistake: on 23 January 1855, the Wairarapa earthquake destroyed Newry homestead, and the Ludlams narrowly escaped being crushed to death when a brick chimney in the living room collapsed around them. After the earthquake, as the Ludlams waited for Newry to be made habitable again, they went to live with the New Zealand politician and landowner (Sir) David Monro, who owned a farm at Nelson. Still extant is a vivid description of the earthquake and its destructive impact on the Wellington region, written by <mask> to Sir David in a lengthy private letter dated 8 March 1855. Ludlam was devoted to his wife.Cultured and well read but the possessor of an irreverent sense of humour, Fanny could speak several languages and was an amateur artist and musician of above-average competence. She also liked to garden on a serious scale, providing her husband with vital help in the completion of his various horticultural projects at Newry. Although she was a dozen or so years Ludlam's junior she nonetheless predeceased him, succumbing to a painful "stoppage of the bowel" on 5 March 1877. She and Ludlam happened to be staying in London, at 2 Clifton Terrace, Maida Vale, when she died, and her death notice was duly published in the New Zealand press and The Sydney Morning Herald of 4 May 1877. Final illness, death and burial

Following the loss of Fanny, a despondent Ludlam returned to New Zealand. He had developed a chronic kidney ailment, and sensing that his days were now numbered, devoted himself to helping needy people and supporting good causes. Ludlam died at a house in Hobart Street, Wellington, on 8 November 1877 and was buried four days later in Bolton Street


title: Alfred Ludlam

texts:
 Cemetery.His death certificate (registration number 1877/2787) ascribed the cause of his demise to "Bright's disease" (an old-fashioned term for nephritis) and "acute peritonitis". Ludlam was aged 67 when he died. The final phase of his life had been devoted to charitable works, and his death was sincerely mourned by a wide circle of friends, acquaintances and beneficiaries. He was not survived by any children and his grave was destroyed during the 1960s by the construction of the Wellington Urban Motorway. His gravestone was relocated and can be found near the Bolton Street Chapel. An official photograph of him is preserved, however, in the archives of the library of the New Zealand Parliament in Wellington. Ludlam Street in the Wellington suburb of Seatoun and Ludlam Crescent at Lower Hutt perpetuate his name.References

Once Upon a Village: A History of Lower Hutt, 1819–1965 by David P. Millar (pages 227–228) (1972, NZUP/LHCC) . The Ancestral Searcher, Volume 19, Number 2 (Canberra, Australia, June 1996 issue), page 73. A Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, edited by C.H. Scholefield (Wellington, 1940), pages 505–506, under <mask>, <mask>. Australian Dictionary of Artists Online (2007), under Gibbes, Fanny. Dictionary of Australian Biography, Volume 1, edited by Douglas Pike (Melbourne University Press, 1966), under Gibbes, John. Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
Irish emigrants to New Zealand (before 1923)
Members of the Wellington Provincial Council
1810 births
1877 deaths
Burials at Bolton Street Cemetery
People from Newry
People from Wellington City
New Zealand farmers
New Zealand horticulturists
New Zealand MPs for Hutt Valley electorates
New Zealand Freemasons
19th-century New

masks: Ludlam Alfred


title: Johnny Alf

texts:
<mask> (May 19, 1929 – March 4, 2010), popularly known as <mask>, was a Brazilian musician, sometimes known as the "Father of Bossa Nova". Alf was born in Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, and began playing piano at age 9. His father died when he was 3 and he was raised by his mother, who worked as a maid to raise him. He attended Colégio Pedro II, receiving support from his mother's employers. He played in nightclubs in the Copacabana neighborhood of Rio, where he was noticed by later bossa nova pioneers. His first single, "Falseta" was released in 1952, with a debut album following in 1961. Over his career, he recorded nine albums and appeared on nearly fifty others.He died in 2010, aged 80, from prostate cancer. Early life
<mask> (b. <mask> da Silva) was born on May 19, 1929, in Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. <mask>'s father, an army corporal, fought in the Brazilian civil war of 1932, the Constitutionalist Revolution, and perished in combat in the valley of Paraíba. His mother raised him alone, making a living as a maid. She found employment with a family in Tijuca, a quarter close to the centre of Rio. The family of the household, as well as being very welcoming to both <mask> and his mother, had much respect for music and supported Alf as he began to discover the art form. <mask>'s mother was able to enroll him at the IBEU (Instituto Brasil-Estados Unidos or Brazilian-American Institute), and it was there that Alf received his first formal musical training, studying classical piano with instructor Geni Bálsamo; it was

masks:
Alfredo José da Silva
Johnny Alf
Johnny Alf
Alfredo José
Alf
Johnny
Alfredo


title: Johnny Alf

texts: there too that young <mask> earned the Americanized nickname that would accompany him through the entirety of his musical career.Due to his purported shyness Alf spent much more of his time listening to records (the music of the Nat “King” Cole Trio (Nat King Cole) and of the strongly classically influenced English pianist George Shearing being specific favorites) than practicing his technical skills on the piano. It was <mask>'s growing desire to enhance his technical abilities on the piano that led him to seek acceptance into the recently founded Sinatra-Farney Fan Club. The Sinatra-Farney Fan Club was a performer's collective of sorts, an appreciation for the crooning vocal jazz epitomized by artists such as Frank Sinatra, Bing Crosby, and Brazilian born Dick Farney (b. Farnésio Dutra, a Carioca) being the thread that unified all of its members. Alf's membership in the club finally allowed him regular access to a piano (which he was permitted to use for practice only on weeknights that had no other scheduled club activities), as well as a group of musically sympathetic peers with which to play and experiment. The jam sessions held by the Sinatra-Farney Fan Club provided Alf his first taste of collaborative music-making and public, musical performance, the club's status being respectable enough around Rio for its members to be allowed to play (without pay) venues such as the Tijuca Tennis Club, the Fluminense Club, and the Athletic Association of the Bank of Brazil. In 1950 the death of the mother of two of the founding

masks: Alfredo Alf


title: Johnny Alf

texts:
 members stranded the club without a rehearsal headquarters and it was at this point that <mask> began to pursue a professional musical career. Career
<mask> received his first professional break in 1952 when he was hired (on Dick Farney's recommendation) as the pianist at the newly inaugurated Cantina do César where his appointed task was, apparently, to “aid the digestion of the guests”.The food proving in most a cases a meager incentive for the customers’ return, the cantina's owner, César de Alencar (a popular radio host in Rio at the time), soon converted the space into a proper club—or inferninho (little hell)—and gave <mask> free musical reign. Alf would receive frequent visits from artists such as pianist João Donato, vocalist Dolores Duran, and guitarist/vocalist João Gilberto would often accompany his colleagues in a duet or two before they were on their way. The musical fare in the first years of <mask>'s professional career rarely varied from the usual Samba-cançãoes (meaning, simply, samba-songs) and foxtrots, however <mask>'s familiarity with American Jazz styles imbued his playing, his vocal performances, and his on-stage banter with the mystery and prestige of New York's 52nd Street. As Alf's modest reputation slowly grew he managed to catch the eye of producer Ramalho Neto, who expressed interest in recording Alf. This brief pairing would produce <mask>'s first two recordings. Alf assembled a trio (in the style of Nat “King” Cole) composed of guitarist Garoto, double-bassist Vidal, and himself on Piano and

masks:
Alf
Alf
Johnny Alf
Alf
Alf
Alf


title: Johnny Alf

texts: recorded two tunes: “Falseta” (Deceit) composed by Alf himself, and “De cigarro em cigarro” (From Cigarette to Cigarette) composed by fellow Brazilian Luiz Bonfá. The recordings garnered no more than a pittance of recognition for Alf at the time, but would later (in the early 1960s) be hailed as the progenitors of the Bossa Nova style.Various opinions are now held about the validity of such a statement, but it can confidently be said that these two recordings displayed a largely novel sound, one that had not yet been heard by the majority of Brazilians. Following these sessions <mask> would continue to find nightly work in the clubs of Rio de Jainero, musical companions such as João Gilberto, João Donato, and eventually the young pianist Antonio Carlos Jobim, following him from venue to venue provided they could afford the cover fee. For two years Alf contented himself with ephemeral engagements at clubs including the Monte Carlo in Gávea, the Clube da Chave, the Mandarim, and the Drink before settling at the Hotel Plaza nightclub in 1954. The Hotel Plaza nightclub was known throughout Copacabana as a haunted venue, which conveniently allowed <mask> the freedom to experiment musically to a degree that would not have been possible had he been playing for anyone other than his loyal fan-base. He was able to play his own early compositions (“Rapaz De Bem”, “Céu E Mar”, and “O Que É Amar” among others) in a professional setting as well as the compositions of his colleagues and fellow innovators. During the early hours of the

masks: Alf Alf


title: Johnny Alf

texts: evening before the club had attracted any audience, Alf would hold impromptu jam sessions with whomever happened to  show up and it was by way of these improvisatory collaborations that the harmonic and rhythmic structures that would eventually blossom into the style now known as Bossa Nova, were originally developed. While <mask>'s tenure at the Plaza Hotel may have been musically and artistically convenient it was far from economically convenient and when, in 1955, Alf was offered a position as the house pianist at a new club, Baiúca, opening in São Paulo, he jumped at the opportunity, even though it meant leaving the tight-knit musical community he had helped to create in Rio.At Baiúca <mask> would form a duo with himself on the piano and double-bassist Sabá. Unfortunately, however, the group had time only to establish a moderate following before the Baiúca was closed down for reasons pertaining to health-code violations. Once again <mask> found himself pounding the pavement on a nightly basis in search of steady work and, while he never starved he began (by the estimations of some) to stagnate musically. The musicians <mask> had left in Rio had continued to innovate in his absence while he himself had had no time for anything more than the work required to earn his daily wages. By the time Alf recorded his first full-length LP (“Rapaz De Bem”) in 1961 his songs had begun to sound stale. That same year <mask>, who had never been fond of the term Bossa Nova, and had always tried to distance himself from the connotations the

masks: Alf Alf Alf Alf Alf


title: Johnny Alf

texts:
 title entailed, declined an invitation to play at Carnegie Hall's historic Bossa Nova Festival. <mask>'s decision not to attend the aforementioned festival marks a decisive point in his professional history.After 1961, very little was heard from <mask>, although he continued to produce albums infrequently throughout the 60s and early 70s, many of which display a sound very similar to that which was displayed on “Rapaz De Bem.” The rest of <mask>'s career would be spent in São Paulo, collaborating with other artists from time to time, occasionally embarking on solo recording projects, and earning most of his living from his performances in the clubs of São Paulo. Alf would eventually gain employment at a local conservatory of music. Death
<mask> died on March 4, 2010, in Santo Andre, Brazil (just outside São Paulo, his home of the past fifty years) of complications caused by prostate cancer. He left no immediate survivors. Music
<mask>'s first recordings (“Falseta” and “De cigarro em cigarro”) were similar rhythmically and structurally to the well-known samba-cançãos of the day, they differed only in their harmonic richness and their melodies, both of which aspects were heavily influenced by American jazz styles and improvisations of the late 1940s and early 1950s. <mask>'s live playing at the Plaza Hotel was heavily influenced by jazz and “stamped with the imprimatur of George Shearing [and] Lennie Tristano”. New York Times columnist Larry Rohter relates, on behalf of Alf's music, that it possessed “a light and airy feeling

masks:
Alf
Alf
Alf
Johnny Alf
Alf
Alf


title: Johnny Alf

texts:
 that expressed the optimism and joie de vivre that Brazilians think of as among their defining national traits”.<mask> has said of his own music: “I always played in my own style […] I had the idea of joining Brazilian music with jazz. I try to bring everything together to achieve an agreeable result”. Legacy
Much conjecture surrounds the significance of <mask>'s role in the development of the Bossa Nova style. Many believe the title ‘Father of Bossa Nova’ to be hyperbolic while others believe firmly that <mask>'s earliest recordings (“Falceta”, “Rapaz de Bem”, etc.) paved the way for the entire stylistic shift that became Bossa Nova. While we cannot lay to rest these disagreements we can say confidently that <mask> was, in his endeavor to mix traditional Brazilian music with American jazz, a sound innovator, and a great influence and inspiration to his peers, some of whom would go on to acquire fame under the heading Bossa Nova. “From him I learned all of the modern harmonies that Brazilian music began to use in the bossa nova, samba-jazz and instrumental songs” said pianist and arranger João Donato, “He opened the doors for us with his way of playing piano, with its jazz influence.When my generation arrived, he had already planted the seeds” added guitarist and composer Carlos Lyra. "<mask>, a 'Father of Bossa Nova,' Dies at 80." The New York Times 12 Mar. 2010: B17. Print. Phillips, Tom (May 4, 2010). "<mask> obituary".The Guardian. "Bossa Nova pioneer <mask> dies at 80". Usatoday.Com. 2010-03-05. Retrieved 2012-10-24.

masks:
Alf
Alf
Alf
Johnny Alf
Johnny Alf
Johnny Alf
Johnny Alf


title: Johnny Alf

texts:
 "<mask>, father of bossa nova, dies – Arts & Entertainment – CBC News". Cbc.ca.2010-03-05. Retrieved 2012-10-24. "<mask>." Encyclopedia of Popular Music, 4th ed. Ed. Colin Larkin. Oxford Music Online.Oxford University Press. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://0-www.oxfordmusiconline.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu/subscriber/article/epm/72343>. Castro, Ruy. Bossa Nova: The Story of the Brazilian Music That Seduced the World.Chicago, IL: Cappella, 2000. Print. Neder, Alvaro. "<mask> | Biography | AllMusic." AllMusic. N.p., n.d. Web.22 Apr. 2014. "<mask>f." Discogs. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr.2014. External links

1929 births
2010 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
Musicians from Rio de Janeiro (city)
Brazilian pianists
Bossa nova pianists
20th-century Brazilian pianists
Deaths from cancer in São Paulo

masks:
Johnny Alf
Johnny Alf
Johnny Alf
Johnny Al


title: Stefan Effenberg

texts:
<mask> (; born 2 August 1968) is a German former footballer who most recently acted as sporting director for KFC Uerdingen 05. A central midfielder, he was known for his leadership skills, passing range, shooting ability, and physical strength, but was also a temperamental and controversial character. In the Bundesliga alone – where he represented Bayern Munich most notably, in six seasons and in two different spells – <mask> collected 109 yellow cards, an all-time record at the time of his retirement. With Bayern, he won three Bundesligas and captained the club to the UEFA Champions League title in 2001. In a career which was cut short after a run-in with the management, he played for Germany on more than 30 occasions, representing the nation in one World Cup and one European Championship. His nickname is Der Tiger (, "the tiger"). Club career
Born and raised in Niendorf, Hamburg on 2 August 1968, <mask> started his professional career with Borussia Mönchengladbach, where he became an undisputed first-choice by the age of 20.This attracted the interest of Bundesliga giants FC Bayern Munich, where he scored 19 goals in his first two seasons after his transfer, although the club failed to win any silverware with <mask> in the lineup. When legendary Lothar Matthäus (who also represented Mönchengladbach) returned to Bayern in 1992, <mask> moved to ACF Fiorentina. Despite the presence of Dane Brian Laudrup and Argentine Gabriel Batistuta, Fiorentina was relegated from Serie A in his first season. <mask> stayed on in the second flight, winning promotion back at the first attempt. In the summer of 1994, <mask> then moved back to Gladbach, where he appeared in 118 league matches, scoring 23 goals, before Bayern re-signed him in 1998. <mask>'s second spell with the Bavarians was much more successful. He collected three Bundesliga titles in a row, and

masks:
Stefan Effenberg
Effenberg
Stefan Effenberg
Effenberg
Effenberg
Effenberg
Effenberg
Effenberg


title: Stefan Effenberg

texts:
 Bayern also reached two UEFA Champions League finals, the first of which was a 1–2 defeat to Manchester United F.C.in 1999. Bayern returned to the final in 2001 with <mask> as captain. He scored Bayern's equalising goal from the penalty spot in a victory against Valencia (1–1, penalty shootout win). After the final, <mask> was named the Most Valuable Player of the 2000–01 UEFA Champions League. After his departure, club fans voted him one of the eleven greatest Bayern players of all time. After an unassuming spell at VfL Wolfsburg, <mask> ended his career in Qatar with Al-Arabi Sports Club, with Gabriel Batistuta as his teammate. He appeared occasionally as a color commentator for German TV after his retirement as a player.Managerial career
<mask> was appointed as the head coach of SC Paderborn on 13 October 2015. He was sacked on 3 March 2016. On 10 October 2019, KFC Uerdingen 05 presented <mask> as the new sporting director. Following a few troubled months which included the team briefly staying at an Italian hotel with no football pitch for a mid-season training camp, he stepped back from this position prematurely in May 2020.

International career
<mask> played 35 games for the Germany national team and scored five goals. His debut came on 5 June 1991, in a Euro 1992 qualifier against Wales, as he played the last 18 minutes of a 1–0 away loss. He would be an everpresent fixture during the final stages, even netting in the second group stage match, a 2–0 win over Scotland. During a group game against South Korea in the 1994 FIFA World Cup.<mask> "gave the finger" to German fans at the Cotton Bowl in the 35 °C (95 °F) heat of Dallas when he got substituted after a subpar performance; the Germans were then only one goal up, after leading 3–0. German coach Berti Vogts was so outraged by this incident that he dropped <mask> from the team on

masks: Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg


title: Stefan Effenberg

texts:
 the spot, and declared that he was finished as an international player. <mask> did not appear in another international match again until 1998, when he was briefly re-instated to the national team for a couple of friendly matches in Malta in September, which happened to be Vogts' last two matches as national team coach. They turned out to be his last caps for Germany. Controversies and personal life
<mask> had a history of attracting attention and ire from fans and other players alike with his behaviour. In 1991, prior to a UEFA Cup game against then-semi-professional Cork City, <mask> told the press he was sure of a victory, saying Cork City midfielder Dave Barry was "like (his) grandfather". Barry got his retribution by scoring the opening goal in the team's 1–1 draw at Musgrave Park.In the late 1990s, <mask> was rarely out of the tabloids, especially when he left his wife Martina and revealed an affair with Claudia Strunz, who at that time was the wife of former teammate Thomas Strunz. Later, the player published a controversial autobiography, notorious for its blatant contents – which included lashing out at some other football professionals, namely club and national side mate, Lothar Matthäus. In 2001, <mask> was fined after being found guilty of assaulting a woman in a nightclub. The following year, he implied that unemployed people in Germany were in fact too lazy to look for work, and demanded they took benefit cuts. The interview was issued in Playboy. Strunz and <mask> were married in 2004, and the player also had three children from his first marriage; the couple then relocated to Florida. Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list Germany's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each <mask> goal.Bundesliga managers
German football managers
SC Paderborn 07 managers
UEFA Champions League winning

masks: Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg Effenberg


title: Ursula Kuczynski

texts:
<mask> (15 May 1907 – 7 July 2000), also known as Ruth Werner, <mask> and <mask>, was a German Communist activist who spied for the Soviet Union in the 1930s and 1940s, most famously as the handler of nuclear scientist Klaus Fuchs. She moved to East Germany in 1950 when Fuchs was unmasked, and published a series of books related to her espionage activities, including her bestselling autobiography, Sonjas Rapport. Sources concerned with her espionage work in the 1930s/40s sometimes use the cover name originally suggested to her in Shanghai by her fellow intelligence operative Richard Sorge: "Sonja", "Sonja Schultz" or, after she moved to Britain, "Sonya". Life

Early years
<mask> was born in Schöneberg, Berlin, Prussia, German Empire on 15 May 1907, the second of the six children of the distinguished economist and demographer <mask> and his wife <mask> ( Gradenwitz), a painter. The family was a secular Jewish one. <mask> had four younger sisters: Brigitte (born 1910), Barbara (born 1913), Sabine (born 1919) and Renate (born 1923), and an older brother, Jürgen (born 1904) would later become a distinguished historian-economist with a controversial relationship of his own with the espionage community. The children were academically gifted, and the household was prosperous, employing a cook, a gardener, two household servants and a nanny.<mask> grew up in a small villa on the Schlachtensee lake in the Zehlendorf borough in the southwest of Berlin. When she was eleven she landed a screen role in The House of Three Girls (1918), the cinema version of Das Dreimäderlhaus. She attended the Lyzeum (secondary school) in Zehlendorf and then, between 1924 and 1926, undertook an apprenticeship as a book dealer. She had already, in 1924, joined the left-leaning Free Employees league (AfA-Bund), and 1924 was also the year in which she joined the Young Communists (KJVD) and Germany's Red Aid (Rote Hilfe). In May 1926, the month of

masks:
Ursula Kuczynski
Ursula Beurton
Ursula Hamburger
Ursula Maria Kuczynski
Robert René Kuczynski
Berta Kuczynski
Ursula
Ursula


title: Ursula Kuczynski

texts:
 her nineteenth birthday, <mask> joined the Communist Party of Germany. Librarianship, marriage and politics

In 1926/27 she attended a librarianship academy while working at a lending library. She then took a job at Ullstein Verlag, a large Berlin publishing house.However, she lost this job in 1928 after participating in a May-Day Demonstration and/or on account of her Communist Party membership. Between December 1928 and August 1929 she worked in a New York book shop before returning to Berlin where she married her first husband, Rudolf Hamburger, who was an architect and fellow member of the Communist Party. It was also at this time that she set up the Marxist Workers' Library (MAB) in Berlin. She headed up the MAB between August 1929 and June 1930. Espionage

China
With her husband she relocated, in July 1930, to Shanghai where a frenetic construction boom afforded ample opportunities for Hamburger's architectural work. She would remain based in China till 1935. It was here that the couple's son, the Shakespeare scholar Maik Hamburger, was born in February 1931.After they had been in Shanghai for a little more than four months she was introduced by the US journalist Agnes Smedley to another German expatriate, Richard Sorge, outwardly a journalist, who is better remembered as "Ramsai", an active agent of the Soviet Intelligence Directorate (GRU). Sources are vague as to whether the Hamburgers were already working for the GRU before they left Germany for China, but in any case it was after the meeting with Sorge that between 1930 and 1935 "Sonja" (the cover name by which Kuczynski was known in The Service) operated a Russian spy ring under Sorge's direction. In Autumn 1931 she had to send her son Maik to live with her husband's parents (now relocated from Germany to Czechoslovakia) when she was sent to Moscow where she undertook a seven-month training session before returning to China. There had been a concern


title: Ursula Kuczynski

texts: infiltrating German Communist exiles into the US Intelligence Agency.By Autumn 1944 she and Henschke had succeeded in penetrating UK activities of the US Intelligence Service (OSS). The Americans were at this time preparing "Operation Hammer" for parachuting UK-based German exiles into Germany. <mask> was able to ensure that a substantial number of the parachuted OSS agents would be reliable communists, able and willing to make inside intelligence from the "Third Reich" available not merely to the US military in Washington, but also to Moscow. From 1943 she also worked as a courier for the USSR's "Atomic spies", Klaus Fuchs and Melita Norwood. Agent Sonya thus hastened the development of the Soviet atomic bomb, successfully tested in 1949. In addition to the (retrospectively) high-profile spies Klaus Fuchs and Melita Norwood, Sonya was the GRU handler for (among others) an officer of the British Royal Air Force and a British specialist in submarine radar. She was also able to pass to her Soviet employers information from her brother, her father, and other exiled Germans in England.It was, indeed, her brother Jürgen <mask>, an internationally respected economist, who originally recruited Fuchs to spy for the Soviets at the end of 1942. Many years later Ruth Werner (as she would by that time have become known) recalled that she was twice visited by MI5 representatives in 1947, and asked about her links with Soviet intelligence, which Werner refused to discuss. Werner's communist sympathies were no secret, but it seems that British suspicions were insufficiently supported by evidence to justify her arrest. Her visitors were unaware of or unconcerned by her periodic, and apparently casual, meetings with Fuchs in Nethercote, Banbury or on country cycle rides. At that time the British intelligence services seem to have been disinclined to follow up their concerns. Two years later detonation of the first Soviet atomic

masks:
Ursula Beurton
Kuczynski


title: Ursula Kuczynski

texts:
 bomb refocused priorities within MI5, however. Fuchs was arrested towards the end of 1949; in January 1950 he was put on trial and confessed that he was a spy.The day before his trial started, fearing that she was about to be unmasked, Agent Sonya left England. In March 1950, after two decades away from the city of her birth, she turned up back in Berlin. Meanwhile, Fuchs finally identified her as his Soviet contact in November 1950. The espionage-related aspects of her friendship with Melita Norwood only began to emerge several decades later. Back in the GDR
Germany had changed. <mask> returned to East Berlin, in what had been the Soviet occupation zone and was now becoming the German Democratic Republic, in October 1949. A systematic nation building process had been underway for several years before 1949, starting with the arrival from Moscow of 30 well prepared formerly exiled German communists in Berlin at the start of May 1945, led by Walter Ulbricht.The Communist Party of Germany had been merged in April 1946 with the East German elements of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), to form the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED / Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands). On her arrival in East Berlin, Beurton joined the SED. She also resigned from the GRU. After undertaking journalism and other writing work, she became an author. In 1950, she was appointed head of the Capitalist Countries Division in the Central Department of Foreign Information in the Government Information Office. She was later fired, reportedly because she forgot to lock a safe door. Between 1953 and 1956 she worked in the Chamber of Commerce for foreign trade.Some published works
as <mask>:
 Immer unterwegs. Reportage aus Prag über die Tätigkeit unserer Ingenieure im Ausland. Verlag Die Wirtschaft: Berlin 1956

as Ruth Werner:
 Ein ungewöhnliches Mädchen. Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1958
 Olga Benario. Die Geschichte eines tapferen

masks:
Ursula Beurton
Ursula Beurton


title: Ursula Kuczynski

texts:
 Lebens. Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1961
 Über hundert Berge. Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1965
 Ein Sommertag.Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1966
 In der Klinik. Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1968
 Muhme Mehle. Neuauflage: Spotless: Berlin 2000
 Kleine Fische – Große Fische. Publizistik aus zwei Jahrzehnten. Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1972
 Die gepanzerte Doris. Kinderbuchverlag: Berlin 1973
 Ein sommerwarmer Februar. Kinderbuchverlag: Berlin 1973
 Der Gong des Porzellanhändlers.Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1976
 Vaters liebes gutes Bein. Kinderbuchverlag: Berlin 1977
 Gedanken auf dem Fahrrad. Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1980
 Kurgespräche. Verlag Neues Leben: Berlin 1988
 Sonjas Rapport. (autobiografical) First "complete" German language edition, Verlag Neues Leben (Eulenspiegel Verlagsgruppe) 2006 (original "censored" edition 1977),

The writer
Her short (64 page) publication "Immer unterwegs. Reportage aus Prag über die Tätigkeit unserer Ingenieure im Ausland" was published under the name "<mask>" in Berlin in 1956. Between 1958 and 1988, she produced a succession of books under the name by which she subsequently came to be known, Ruth Werner.Most were story books for children or suitably expurgated memoirs of her time in espionage. Her autobiography appeared in East Germany under the title "Sonjas Rapport" (Sonya's Report) and became a bestseller. There was no mention of Klaus Fuchs, who was still alive in 1976 and, presumably for the same reason, no mention of Melita Norwood. An English language version appeared in 1991 and a Chinese translation in 1999. An uncensored German language version came out only in 2006, although many questions were still left unanswered. In 1982 Ruth Werner became a member of the East German affiliate of PEN International. Die Wende
As the existence of the German Democratic Republic came to an end in the late 1980s, Ruth Werner was one of the few to defend it.On 10 November 1989, immediately


title: Joanne P. McCallie

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>; September 6, 1965) is an American college basketball coach and advocate for mental health who most recently served as the head coach of the Duke University women's basketball team. <mask> became the first Division I head coach to win a conference title in four different conferences (the ACC, Big Ten, America East and North Atlantic), and also the first Division I coach to be named conference coach of the year in four different conferences. She was only the second Division I head coach to lead two different programs to 30-win seasons, and also to lead two different programs to a No. 1 seed in the NCAA Tournament. <mask> has three National Championship game appearances in her career (one as a head coach and two as an assistant), and has been named conference coach of the year five times. She has coached twelve players who have received All-America honors, and has seen nine of her former players go on to play professionally, five being first round pick. <mask> has also won a gold medal as coach of the 2006 U20 National team and the 2007 U21 World Championship team.Since her first season at Duke in 2007, McCallie has led the Women's basketball team to an overall record of 141–32, a 60–12 record in the ACC alone, and was announced the ACC Coach of the year in 2010 and 2012. Coaching career

Duke

<mask> was named head coach at Duke on April 18, 2007, replacing Gail Goestenkors, who had left to coach at Texas. McCallie won 82 games in her first three years at Duke. For a coach in her first three years at a Division I school, this was the second-most wins in NCAA Division I history. McCallie reached 100 wins at Duke in only 122 games, being the second-quickest to ever reach 100 wins at a school. In only four years, the Blue Devils had a record of 114–26 overall, a 45–11 conference record, and four NCAA Tournament selections, including a No. 1 seed in 2009 and Elite Eight appearances in 2010 and 2011.In her first season at Duke in

masks:
Joanne Palombo McCallie
Joanne Elizabeth Palombo
McCallie
McCallie
McCallie
McCallie


title: Joanne P. McCallie

texts:
 2007–2008, McCallie led Duke to its 10th straight 25-win season with an appearance in the ACC Championship game and a trip to the NCAA Tournament Sweet 16 which marked the 11th consecutive appearance in the regional semifinals for the program. In her fourth season, McCallie guided Duke to its seventh ACC Championship, 10th regular season ACC title in school history along with an appearance in the NCAA Elite Eight. During this season <mask> also had her second straight 30-win season at Duke, including a 17–0 mark at home in Cameron Indoor Stadium; the third undefeated campaign at home in Duke's school history and the second under McCallie. Most recently, <mask> has led the Blue Devils to the 2010 and 2011 ACC Championship, which marked the sixth and seventh overall conference titles in school history. She led Duke to its ninth 30-win season out of the last 11 years, and in 2010–2011 led Duke to a 17–0 record at home; marking just the third time in school history the Blue Devils have gone undefeated in Cameron Indoor Stadium in one season. In August 2017, following a season where McCallie led her team to be ranked ninth in the nation and the second round of the NCAA Tournament, Duke extended her contract through the 2020–21 season. Her tenure at Duke has been marred by investigations over the mistreatment of players and numerous players transferring.Former Duke standout Elizabeth Williams after graduating complained of the hostile and negative atmosphere created by McCallie. On July 2, 2020, McCallie announced that she would not return to Duke for the 2020-2021 season after 13 seasons with the school. On February 16, 2021, McCallie released her second book 'Secret Warrior', a memoir which chronicled her battle with a bipolar diagnosis. She currently is speaking and working as an advocate for those facing mental health issues. Michigan State
McCallie spent seven years as the head coach at Michigan State University in the Big Ten Conference. While

masks: McCallie McCallie


title: Joanne P. McCallie

texts:
 with the Spartans, she led the team to 149 wins and 75 losses (.670), including five straight NCAA Tournament appearances (2003–2007). McCallie had an overall record of 316–148 (.681) and 11 NCAA tournament appearances.She replaced Karen Langeland, who retired following 24 years as the head coach at MSU. While at MSU, <mask> also led the 2006 USA Basketball U20 National Team to a FIBA Americas U20 Championship and gold medal, and was selected to coach the 2007 USA Basketball Women's U21 Team in the FIBA World Championship under 21 for women. <mask> was replaced at Michigan State by Suzy Merchant, the current head coach of the Michigan State Spartans. In her second season, Merchant ousted <mask>'s #1 seeded Duke Blue Devils in the 2009 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament 63–49. Maine
Prior to her time at MSU, <mask> spent eight years as the head coach at the University of Maine. During her tenure with the Black Bears, <mask> guided Maine to a record of 167–73, six-straight NCAA Tournament appearances, four North Atlantic Conference/America East Conference Championships and five regular-season conference titles. McCallie guided the Black Bears to seven-straight 20-win campaigns, including a 20–11 overall record in 1999–2000.She was named conference coach of the year three times, twice in the North Atlantic Conference (1995 and 1996) and once in the America East (1999). McCallie left Maine as the school's all-time winningest women's basketball coach with 167 victories. Auburn
Prior to taking her first head coaching position, <mask> was an assistant coach at Auburn University from 1988–92. As the team's primary recruiter, she helped sign the fourth-ranked class in the nation in 1990–91 and the 16th-ranked class in 1991–92. While at Auburn, McCallie and the Tigers appeared in two national championship games and made an appearance in the NCAA Elite Eight. Coaching honors
National Coach of the Year by the Associated Press, Basketball Times and

masks: McCallie McCallie McCallie McCallie McCallie McCallie


title: Joanne P. McCallie

texts:
 Nike, Inc. (2005)
Basketball Coaches Association of Michigan College Coach of the Year (2005)
Atlantic Coast Conference Coach of the Year (2010, 2012)
North Atlantic Conference Coach of the Year (1995, 1996)
America East Conference Coach of the Year (1999)
Big Ten Coach of the Year (2005)
 New England Basketball Hall of Fame (2004)
11 NCAA Tournament appearances as head coach (Maine: 1995–2000; Michigan State: 2003–2007)
Five conference championships (Maine: 1995–99; Michigan State: 2005)
FIBA Americas U-20 Gold Medal, 2006
Fiba World U-21 Gold Medal, 2007

Playing career
<mask>, then named <mask>mbo, played Big Ten collegiate basketball at Northwestern University from 1984 – 1987. She still ranks seventh in Wildcat history with 378 career assists.As a senior, she was an All-Big Ten honorable mention selection and helped lead the Wildcats to the second round of the NCAA Tournament. McCallie also was named Academic All-Big Ten First-Team as a senior, and graduated in 1987 with a B.S. in political science. She earned a M.A. in business administration while coaching at Auburn in 1990. <mask> was inducted into the Maine Sports Legends Hall of Honors in 2005. In 1983, representing Brunswick High, <mask> became the first player ever from Maine named to Parade Magazine's annual All-America High School girls´ basketball team.Personal life
McCallie is the daughter of a Navy pilot, born in Monterey, CA and raised in Florida, New York, Texas, Rhode Island, and finally Maine, where her parents and family still live. Fred Koerber, her high school coach, was the first person to suggest that she think about coaching someday, but it was years later at Auburn before she acted on the suggestion. McCallie is an active speaker within the community and for women's athletics. At MSU, McCallie created the "Choice Not Chance" philosophy, which focuses on making the correct choices in life. The philosophy has been widely used by McCallie, her staff and players, who have

masks: McCallie Palo McCallie Palombo


title: Joanne P. McCallie

texts:
 been very active in the area schools speaking about "CNC". In addition, McCallie's community service includes working with the Big Brothers Big Sisters "Jump" program; serving as the Honorary Chair for the Haven House — a shelter for homeless families in East Lansing, Michigan; serving as the Honorary Chair for the 2001 Crop Walk and the 2001–04 Memory Walks for Alzheimer's; and holding the Joanne P. McCallie Golf Challenge benefiting children and adolescents with cancer. While at Maine, she organized an event called "Realizing the Dream; Celebrating Women in Athletics" that featured speakers Dr. Donna Lopiano and Sheryl Swoopes.During the 1997–98 season, Dana Rae Warren filmed a documentary of the Maine women's basketball season. <mask> and her husband, <mask>, Ph.D. and former professor of economics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, have a daughter, Madeline (Maddie, born in 1994), and a son, John Wyatt (Jack, born in 2002). <mask>'s grandfather and grand-uncle, Spencer Jarnigan <mask> and <mask> <mask>, were the founders of The McCallie School, a preparatory school for boys in Chattanooga, Tennessee. John's great-aunt Grace McCallie was one of the founders of the Girls Preparatory School, also in Chattanooga. Head coaching record

Sources: America East Big Ten ACC

References

External links
 Duke biography
 MSU biography
 USA Women's Basketball

1965 births
Living people
American women's basketball coaches
Auburn Tigers women's basketball coaches
Basketball coaches from California
Basketball coaches from Maine
Basketball players from California
Basketball players from Maine
Duke Blue Devils women's basketball coaches
Maine Black Bears women's basketball coaches
Michigan State Spartans women's basketball coaches
Northwestern Wildcats women's basketball players
Parade High School All-Americans (girls' basketball)
People from Brunswick, Maine
Sportspeople from Monterey, California
Guards (basketball)
Brunswick High School

masks:
Joanne
John McCallie
John McCallie
McCallie
James Park
McCallie


title: Carmen Yulín Cruz

texts:
<mask> (born February 25, 1963) is a Puerto Rican politician who served as mayor of the city of San Juan, Puerto Rico from 2013 to 2020. From 2009 through 2013, <mask> served in the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico. Early years and studies

<mask> was born on February 25, 1963, in San Juan to <mask> from Lares and <mask>. She has a brother named <mask>. <mask> inherited the second part of her given name, Yulín, from her paternal grandmother, Lutgarda Vega. She graduated with honors from Julio Sellés Solá Elementary School and attended University	of	Puerto	Rico	Secondary	School where she was president of the student council as well as a representative at a presidential youth summit. <mask> earned her Bachelor of Arts in political science from Boston University on May 30, 1984, graduating Cum Laude.She completed a Master of Science in Public Management and Policy at the Heinz College at Carnegie Mellon University on May 12, 1986, where she became the first student to receive the Spirit Award (now called the Barbara Jenkins Award), given to a graduating student for service and contributions to the college and region. Political career

First years in politics
In 1992, <mask> returned to Puerto Rico and became an adviser to San Juan mayor Sila María Calderón. She ran unsuccessfully for District 1 representative in the 2000 general elections. 2009–13: Representative
Eight years later, <mask> ran again for the Puerto Rico House of Representatives, this time for an islandwide at-large seat, at the 2008 elections, after nomination in the PDP primaries. After being elected, <mask> became the PDP's Ranking Member on the Women Affairs Committee. Due to the high population of

masks:
Carmen Yulín Cruz Soto
Cruz
Carmen Yulín Cruz Soto
Carmen Irene Soto Molina
Pedro Cruz Vega
Pedro José Cruz
Cruz
Cruz
Cruz
Cruz
Cruz


title: Carmen Yulín Cruz

texts:
 Dominican immigrants in the subdivisions of San Juan, most notably in Santurce, <mask> became involved with the Dominican American National Roundtable as a supporter. Upon launching her re-election campaign in 2011, she became the first candidate from her party to collect the required endorsements, presenting more than the 4,000 total within the time frame required to complete only 2,000.At the Popular Democratic Party primaries in 2012, <mask> led all of the candidates to the House of Representatives in votes, followed by fellow soberanista (sovereigntist) Luis Vega Ramos. On the original result, she had 217,162 votes counted, which surpassed the incumbent House of Representatives President Jennifer González, with a reported 216,087 in the NPP primaries. 2012: Candidate for San Juan's mayorship
<mask> began hinting at her interest in running for the mayorship of her native city of San Juan in early 2011, but decided to step down when opposed by the conservadores, led by Popular Democratic Party president Alejandro García Padilla, who named the second in-command of that wing, representative Héctor Ferrer, to occupy the position. However, her name resurfaced following the resignation of Ferrer, who was forced to abandon the race due to a domestic abuse incident which led to a formal investigation. Although <mask> initially denied that she was running for mayor of San Juan, on March 26, 2012, she announced her decision to accept the party's petition and challenge incumbent mayor Jorge Santini. In the media fallout that followed, <mask> was favored over Santini throughout the social networks, Facebook and Twitter, as reported by a specialist in media marketing. Likewise,

masks:
Cruz
Cruz
Cruz Soto
Cruz
Cruz


title: Carmen Yulín Cruz

texts:
 she was favored in unofficial polls held by mainstream publications El Nuevo Día (64% of 1,940 votes) and Primera Hora (120,041 vs. 34,588 or 77.3%).On March 28, 2012, <mask> was promoted to the position of PDP Minority Whip in the House of Representatives. Two days later, the PDP's San Juan Municipal Committee ratified her as their new president. In contrast to the majority of the candidates for any mayorship, she has expressed not believing in the "perpetuation of office", noting that eight years should be enough to fulfill a development plan, if executed correctly. On May 4, 2012, she attended a Service Employees International Union conference and held a meeting with Jim Messina, campaign director for President Barack Obama, to discuss health care and education funds, citing that "it is important to take stances in US politics, since half of all Puerto Ricans live there". During this visit, <mask> also negotiated the establishment of a Chicago-San Juan alliance with the Puerto Rican community there, led by congressman Luis Gutierrez. <mask> has also expressed full support for LGBT and women's rights. 2013–2020: Mayor of San Juan
<mask> was elected as the next mayor of San Juan on November 6, 2012, defeating three term-incumbent Mayor Jorge Santini in the city's 2012 mayoral election.She became the third woman to hold San Juan's mayoral office, after Felisa Rincón de Gautier and Sila Calderón. <mask>'s administration continued her predecessor Jorge Santini's plans for the revitalization of the Río Piedras district. The first phase of this plan consisted of the restoration of historic buildings in the subdivision. An economic plan spearheaded by José Rivera-Santana

masks:
Cruz
Cruz
Carmen Yulín
Cruz
Cruz


title: Carmen Yulín Cruz

texts:
 promoted incentives for housing and establishment of new businesses in Río Piedras, in an attempt to salvage the economic importance that the district once had. This was complemented with direct communication and collaboration with the local community and several institutions, including the University of Puerto Rico. She won reelection in the city's 2016 mayoral election, then did not run for mayor in the 2020 mayoral elections. Hurricane Maria

In September 2017, in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria, <mask> made frequent appearances on national and international television, criticizing federal aid efforts for not getting the aid shipments into the hands of the people who needed them, accusing President Donald Trump and his administration of "killing us with inefficiency", and giving pleas for help in numerous media interviews.At a September 29 press conference <mask> said:
"We are dying here and I cannot fathom the thought that the greatest nation in the world cannot figure out logistics for a small island of 100 miles by 35 miles long... People are drinking off a creek. So I am done being polite. I am done being politically correct. I am mad as hell... So I am asking the members of the press, to send a mayday call all over the world. We are dying here... And if it doesn't stop, and if we don't get the food and the water into people's hands, what we are going to see is something close to a genocide". Speaking on Fox News, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) director Brock Long responded to <mask>'s remarks saying that unity of command was the main thing needed for the relief effort to be successful, and suggested the mayor needed to go to the joint field office

masks: Cruz Cruz Cruz


title: Carmen Yulín Cruz

texts:
 and "get plugged in".Responding to her statements, President Trump tweeted, "The mayor of San Juan, who was very complimentary only a few days ago, has now been told by Democrats that you must be nasty to Trump. Such poor leadership ability by the mayor of San Juan and others in Puerto Rico who are not able to get their workers to help." Many legislators responded to <mask>'s comments and the Trump tweets. Speaking on CNN, Rep. Al Green said that he saw undertones of racism in the President's remarks. "If they were all Anglos, I don't believe the President would have the attitude that he has, because you don't hear that kind of dog whistle, of people not wanting to pull themselves up by their bootstraps, when the people are Anglos. That's something reserved for people of color." In tweets Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand called Trump's remarks "offensive" and Sen. Ed Markey said that the President needed to apologize to the people of Puerto Rico, saying, ""The definition of 'poor leadership' is sitting at your golf club while millions of US citizens beg for your help, @realDonaldTrump," Sen. Elizabeth Warren said Puerto Rico was in "crisis" and Trump should "stop playing politics with their lives."Rep. Don Beyer writing  the President "focused on aid efforts in TX & FL but ignored Puerto Rico. Now you attack San Juan's mayor for saying 'people are dying.' THEY ARE DYING." 2020 gubernatorial campaign

In March 2019, <mask> announced her candidacy for governor in the Popular Democratic Party (PDP) primaries for the 2020 elections. In a three-way race she failed to secure the PDP nomination, finishing third behind Isabela mayor Carlos Delgado Altieri. Other activities
On February

masks: Cruz Cruz