title: Stephane De Baets

texts:
<mask> (born April 6, 1969) is a Belgian investment, real estate, and hospitality entrepreneur. He is founder and president of the international asset management firm Elevated Returns, which controls the Aspen St. Regis Resort in Aspen, Colorado and other commercial properties in the United States, Europe, and Southeast Asia. He is also the founder and owner of Chefs Club, a restaurant group that features a rotating residency of chefs from around the world at its three locations in Aspen and New York City. <mask> is a pioneer in blockchain-based real estate investing. Through his firm Elevated Returns, he facilitated the first major commercial real estate transaction using blockchain technology to sell ownership stakes in the Aspen St. Regis Resort. He was also formerly part-owner of OptAsia Capital, a Bangkok-based investment firm founded in 2008, until he divested in 2018. Background
<mask> was born and raised in Belgium.He holds a bachelor's degree in business management and a master's degree in management sciences, finance and marketing from the Solvay Business School of Management at the Université libre de Bruxelles. He began his career in Europe as an auditor with the European Community and spent many years as an investment banker based in Bangkok, Thailand. Business

Elevated Returns
De Baets is the founder and president of Elevated Returns, a hospitality-centric asset management company based in New York City. The firm's portfolio of Class A real estate investment assets, which include properties in the United States, Southeast Asia and Europe, are collectively valued at more than US$1 billion. The firm is a pioneer in digitizing traditional

masks:
Stephane De Baets
De Baets
De Baets


title: Stephane De Baets

type: original

texts:
 financial assets using blockchain-based technology. In 2018, Elevated Returns launched the first major digital tokenization of a commercial real estate asset with the St. Regis Aspen Resort. In February 2019, Elevated Returns announced plans to digitize its entire portfolio of real estate assets using the blockchain technology Tezos.The digital offerings will be made available to accredited investors on the Securitize platform. In March of 2019, <mask>ets acquired 33% of Seamico Securities ZMICO (BKK) and repositioned it as a fully integrated fintech play in South East Asia offering blockchain digital assets solutions to traditional finance. Following the repositioning, Seamico Securities is being renamed XSPRING Capital. <mask>ets also founded ERX , a fully regulated digital assets exchange in Thailand. Aspen St. Regis Resort
De Baets is a majority controller of the Aspen St. Regis Resort in Aspen, Colorado, through the single-asset trust Aspen Digital Inc., which operates as a subsidiary of Elevated Returns. He purchased the property through Elevated Returns in 2010. The resort is located at the base of Aspen Mountain.In 2018, it was announced that Aspen St. Regis would serve as the backing asset for a digital tokenization offering allowing accredited investors to take minority ownership stakes in the property through a blockchain-based technology. The offering was the first major digital tokenization of a commercial real estate asset. To facilitate the digital tokenization of the Aspen St. Regis Resort, <mask>ets established Aspen Digital Token, also known as AspenCoin, in 2018. This venture used the blockchain technology Ethereum to sell 18 million

masks:
De Ba
De Ba
De Ba


title: Stephane De Baets

texts:
 digital securitized tokens representing ownership stakes in the Aspen St. Regis Resort. Each of the 18 million tokens were valued at $1, together representing an 18.9 percent ownership stake in the Aspen St. Regis. Elevated Returns maintained control of the other 81.9 percent. The sale of the tokens was administered on the digital asset platform Templum Markets.Aspen Digital Token later migrated to the Securitize platform and was to start trading in October 2019 in multiple exchanges. The tokens effectively operate as shares in the property. <mask> has stated that the tokenization strategy allows for "the democratization of the investing process" by removing middlemen. Because it is based on blockchain technology, computers are able to independently verify ledgers and other transaction records associated with the sale of the tokens, which removes layers of intermediaries that would otherwise be paid in a transaction. The blockchain-based offering has also been heralded as a blueprint for future real estate transactions, as it holds the potential to reduce financial reliance on authoritative institutions like banks, courts or governments to referee transactions and property ownership. The Aspen St. Regis was the subject of a controversy regarding its cancellation policy. It received extensive publicity when it imposed a $2,000 charge on a points reservation for a guest whose arrival was delayed because of weather.Stories posted by travel bloggers with millions of followers reported that the Aspen St. Regis had not disclosed these fees at the time the reservation was made. Chefs Club
In 2012, <mask>ets launched the restaurant group Chefs Club inside the St.

masks:
De Baets
De Ba


title: Stephane De Baets

texts:
 Regis Resort in Aspen, Colo. Chefs Club launched a second location in New York City in 2014, followed by a fast-casual location called Chefs Club Counter in 2017. The group has been called an innovator in the industry. At first, Chefs Club featured full nightly menus from a rotating cast of nearly 200 prominent chefs from around the world. In 2017, the restaurant group transitioned from its nightly menu and visiting chef format to a residency program, in which a different chef assumes complete creative control of the space and menu at one of its three locations for months at a time. The restaurant has been called "a showcase for culinary stars" and has been named to Time Magazine's list of 100 Best Restaurants.Visiting chefs have included Zaiyu Hasegawa, Alain Ducasse, Daniel Humm of Eleven Madison Park, Alvin Cailin of Eggslut, Matthew Lightner of Atera, Jonathon Sawyer of the Greenhouse Tavern and Noodlecat, Bao La of Le Garçon Saigon, Kevin Willmann of Farmhaus, Jenn Louis of Lincoln and Sunshine Tavern, Mathieu Pacaud of L'Ambroisie, Cyril Lignac of Le Quinzième, JJ Johnson of Minton's, Jeremiah Langhorne of The Dabney, Sota Atsumi of Clown Bar, Georges Mendes, Emeril Lagasse, Marcus Samuelsson, Jacques Pépin, Matthew Accarrino, and many more. <mask>ets has stated his desire to turn the Chefs Club concept into a global enterprise. A fourth location has opened in Taipei, Taiwan. Personal life
<mask> is married to hospitality executive Sabrina Huls. They live in New York City and have four children. <mask>ets speaks French, English, Dutch and Thai. References

1969 births
Living people
21st-century Belgian businesspeople
Université libre de Bruxelles

masks:
De Ba
De Baets
De Ba


title: Skúli Sverrisson

texts: <mask> (born 23 October 1966) is an Icelandic composer and bass guitarist. He has worked with musicians Wadada Leo Smith, Derek Bailey, Lou Reed, Jon Hassel, David Sylvian, Arto Lindsay, and composers Ryuichi Sakamoto, Jóhann Jóhannsson, and Hildur Guðnadóttir. He is known for his work as artistic director for Ólöf Arnalds, recordings with Blonde Redhead, and as musical director for Laurie Anderson. Skúli released duo albums with Anthony Burr, Oskar Gudjonsson, and Hilmar Jensson. He has been a member of Pachora, Alas No Axis, the Allan Holdsworth group, and the Ben Monder group. His solo works include Seremonie in 1997 and Sería in 2006. Seria was chosen Best Album of the Year by the Icelandic Music Awards.Skúli plays dobro, double bass, and charango, in addition to bass guitar. He has composed music for the Icelandic Dance Company (Open Source), the National Theatre of Iceland (Volva), and films and installations such as Welcome and Music for


title: Duan Pidi

texts:
<mask> ( 312–321) was a Duan-Xianbei chieftain during the Jin dynasty (266–420) and Sixteen Kingdoms period. He was the brother of his tribe's chieftain, <mask>an, and served as his general against the rival Han Zhao state. Although the Duan tribe and Han eventually made peace, <mask>, on his own accord, took over a revolt against Han in Jicheng and submitted to Jin. Pidi become Jin's Inspector of Youzhou, and by the late 310s, he was one of the state's strongest vassals in the north. However, a civil war between him and his cousin, <mask>i, and his execution of the popular Jin general Liu Kun saw his power quickly dwindled, eventually forcing him to flee to another Jin vassal named Shao Xu. <mask>'s forces were defeated by Later Zhao in 321, and though he was treated as a guest during his captivity, Pidi was later executed in fear that he would revolt. His name can be rendered as <mask>.Early life and career
<mask> <mask> was a member of the Xianbei Duan clan of Liaoxi. His father, <mask> Wuwuchen was the head of the clan between 303 and 311. At the start of the 4th century, the Duan clan allied with the Youzhou warlord, Wang Jun and played an important role in Wang's campaign against the Prince of Chengdu, Sima Ying, during the War of the Eight Princes. The Duan tribe and Wang Jun continued their association after the war, combining their efforts to stop the new and growing state of Han Zhao. Some time around 310, <mask>'s elder brother, <mask> Jilujuan, succeeded Wuwuchen as chieftain following his death. <mask> Pidi participated during Jilujuan's attack on Xiangguo in 312, as part

masks:
Duan Pidi
Duan Jiluju
Pidi
Duan Mope
Pidihao Xu
Duan Pixi
Duan
Pidi
Duan
Pidi
Duan
Duan


title: Duan Pidi

texts:
 of Wang Jun's plan to divert the Han general, Shi Le, away from the rebelling city of Yuanxiang (苑鄕, in present-day Hebei and Beijing). The Duan forces fought Shi Le at Xiangguo but their star general, Pidi's cousin, <mask> Mopei, was captured in battle.Despite being a prisoner, Mopei was treated with courtesy by Shi Le, which pleased Jilujuan. Because of this, the Duan tribe ceased their enmity with Shi Le and distanced themselves from Wang Jun. Wang Jun was eventually captured and executed by Shi Le in 314. After Wang's defeat, Shi Le appointed a man named Liu Han (劉翰) to be acting Inspector of Youzhou based in Jicheng. However, Liu Han instead fled to <mask> <mask>, who he offered control over Jicheng. Pidi accepted on his own accord before occupying the city and submitting himself to Sima Rui, the paramount leader of Jin in the south. For this, Sima Rui made Pidi Jin's new Inspector of Youzhou.Pidi also urged Shi Le's Administrator of Leling, Shao Xu, to submit to the Jin prince as well. Shao Xu did so, and Shi Le immediately responded by sending his army to besiege him. However, Pidi sent <mask> Wenyang to reinforce Shao Xu, so Shi Le called off his attack. As Inspector of Youzhou

Alliance with Liu Kun
In 316, Shi Le sent his nephew Shi Hu to attack the Administrator of Wei Commandery, Liu Yan (劉演). Pidi sent Wenyang to rescue Liu Yan, and while the commandery fell, Liu Yan was safely retrieved. Later that year, the Inspector of Bingzhou, Liu Kun lost his province to Shi Le. Liu Kun was left with nowhere to go, so Pidi sent a letter to invite him over to his base.Liu Kun took

masks: Duan Duan Pidi Duan


title: Duan Pidi

texts:
 what was left of his army to meet with <mask> and the two men quickly befriended each other. Forming a brotherly bond, <mask> and Liu Kun arranged their relatives to marry one another to further cement their friendship. The next year, <mask> and Liu Kun swore an oath of alliance by smearing their lips with blood. Afterwards, they sent their respective envoys to deliver a joint petition urging Sima Rui to claim the imperial title. Liu Kun chose his nephew Wen Jiao to deliver the petition, while <mask> chose his Chief Clerk of the Left, Rong Shao (榮卲). After their envoys reached the southern capital, Pidi proclaimed Liu Kun as Grand Commander. He also later tried to get Jilujuan into joining forces with him in a campaign against Shi Le.However, <mask> Mopei advised Jilujuan against agreeing with Pidi, so Jilujuan did not respond, and Pidi had to cancel the campaign. Arrest and execution of Liu Kun
Jilujuan died in early 318 and was succeeded by his uncle, <mask> Shefuchen. <mask> left Jicheng to attend his funeral but without his knowledge, <mask> Mopei manipulated Shefuchen into believing that <mask> was about to usurp his power. At Zuobeiping, Shefuchen attacked Pidi but was then betrayed by Mopei who assassinated him while his and Pidi's forces were fighting. Mopei then took command of the assault and routed Pidi. During this, Mopei capturing Liu Kun's son Liu Qun (劉群), who was escorting Pidi to the funeral. Mopei treated Liu Qun well and considered supporting Liu Kun into becoming the new Inspector of Youzhou.He had Liu Qun write a letter to his father asking him to work as an agent

masks: Pidi Pidi Pidi Pidi Duan Duan Pidi Duan Pidi


title: Duan Pidi

texts:
 within Pidi's camp, but his envoy was caught by Pidi's scouts along the way. Liu Kun knew nothing of the letter when Pidi confronted him with it. Pidi had no suspicion towards Liu Kun, and Liu Kun himself assured that he had no intentions to betray Pidi. <mask> let him off at first, but his younger brother, <mask> Shujun (段叔軍), was able to get his brother to heavily reconsider his actions. <mask> quickly had Liu Kun arrested. Liu Kun's son, Liu Zun (劉遵), upon hearing his father's arrest, mounted a defence in his camp but was defeated by Pidi. Two of Liu Kun's generals, Pilü Song (辟閭嵩) and Han Ju (韓據), also planned to retaliate, but Pidi had the conspirators executed after their plot leaked.On 22 June, through the consent of Sima Rui's commander, Wang Dun, Pidi claimed that he had received an imperial edict to arrest Liu Kun and subsequently executed him along with his four sons and nephews via strangulation. Although Liu Kun had long helped Jin in attempting to restore its authority in the north, Sima Rui refused to punish Pidi and forbid anyone from mourning Liu Kun, as Rui and most of the court thought of Pidi as a powerful and valuable asset. Despite Sima Rui's leniency, Pidi had underestimated Liu Kun's popularity, and the breaking of his oath caused many of the Han Chinese and tribal people to lose their trust in Pidi. Alliance with Shao Xu

Fleeing to Shao Xu
Seeing that support for Pidi was declining, <mask> Mopei took the opportunity to attack him. Pidi led his army away from battle and tried to flee to Shao Xu in Leling but was badly routed by Shi Le's general Shi Yue (石越;

masks: Pidi Duan Pidi Duan


title: Duan Pidi

texts:
 not to be confused with the Former Qin general of the same name, Shi Yue) at Mount Yan. Pidi retreated back to Jicheng while Mopei declared himself the new Inspector of Youzhou. Pidi remained in his city for a year, but by 319, his situation had worsened.Shi Le's general Kong Chang had taken all of Youzhou's commanderies while most of <mask>'s soldiers abandoned him due to depleting rations. <mask> planned to escape through Shanggu but the Prince of Dai, Tuoba Yulü, was waiting to attack him there. Desperate, <mask> abandoned his wife and children and made another attempt to flee to Shao Xu, this time successfully doing so. Defense of Yanci
In 320, <mask>'s army was once again harassed by Mopei. <mask> pleaded to Shao Xu to assist him in getting revenge on Mopei, so the two men headed out and routed Mopei. <mask> followed up his victory by attacking Jicheng together with <mask> Wenyang to reclaim his old base. This proved a fatal mistake as Shao Xu was left exposed to Shi Le.Shi Hu attacked Yanci (厭次, around present-day Dezhou, Shandong) and captured Shao Xu. News of Shao Xu's defeat reached Pidi, causing him to rush back to save the city. <mask> Wenyang helped the army fight their way back into the city, where Pidi commanded the defence together with Shao Xu's family. In the middle of the year, Wenyang defeated Kong Chang, but it was not enough to completely repel the Zhao army. Fighting continued into the next year in 321. Shi Hu attacked Pidi at Yanci again, while Kong Chang occupied the inner cities. <mask> Wenyang volunteered himself to lead a daring charge with his cavalries to

masks: Pidi Pidi Pidi Pidi Pidi Pidi Duan Duan Duan


title: Duan Pidi

texts:
 drive back the invaders.Wenyang valiantly fought and killed dozens of Shi Hu's soldiers. Supposedly, even after his horse had collapsed, Wenyang fought back with his spear, and when his spear snapped, he fought with his blade. This lasted for a day but Wenyang was eventually captured Shi Hu. His capture lowered the morale of the city's defenders. Defeat and death
Faced with imminent defeat, <mask> planned to flee alone to the south to serve Sima Rui. However, Shao Xu's brother, Shao Ji (邵樂) detained him and handed over Sima Rui's envoy, Wang Ying (王英) to Shi Hu. Shortly after, Shao Ji and his sons bound themselves to coffins and went out to surrender.When <mask> met with Shi Hu, he said to him, "I have received the favor of Jin, and my ambition was to destroy you. It is unfortunate that things have come to this, but I cannot respect you." Shi Le and Shi Hu had always respected Pidi, so much so that after his capture, Shi Hu lifted him up in the air and had him saluted as a gesture of companionship. <mask> was made Champion General, while Wenyang was made General of the Household Gentlemen of the Left. Despite Shi Le's favour, Pidi remained loyal to Jin. Pidi often dressed himself in clothing used in the Jin court and held the imperial staff of authority that Sima Rui gave him. Shi Le was worried that Pidi's attitude foreboded a future revolt.After some time, Shi Le had Pidi put to death along with Wenyang and Shao Xu. References

 Fang, Xuanling (ed.) (648). Book of Jin (Jin Shu). Sima, Guang  (1084). Zizhi Tongjian

Jin dynasty (266–420) generals
Executed Sixteen Kingdoms

masks: Pidi Pidi Pidi


title: Tom Eastick

texts:
Brigadier Sir <mask>,  (3 May 190016 December 1988) was a senior Australian Army artillery officer during World War II and a post-war leader of the principal ex-service organisation in South Australia. He commanded the 2/7th Field Regiment during the First and Second Battles of El Alamein in the Western Desert campaign in North Africa in 1942, for which he was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order. Upon return from the Middle East, he commanded the artillery of the 7th Division during the final stage of the Salamaua–Lae campaign and during the Markham, Ramu and Finisterre campaigns in New Guinea between August 1943 and April 1944. He commanded the artillery of the 9th Division during the Borneo campaign in 1945. <mask> was military governor of the Raj of Sarawak after taking the Japanese surrender at Kuching, and he was commander of the Headquarters Group of Central Command in South Australia from 1950 to 1953. He was the state president of the Returned Sailors', Soldiers' and Airmen's Imperial League of Australia (the Returned & Services League from 1965) between 1950 and 1954 and again from 1961 to 1972. He was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1953, and knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1970, for his volunteer work on behalf of ex-servicemen.Early life and career

Thomas Charles <mask> was born on 3 May 1900 at Hyde Park, South Australia, the eldest of six children of Charles William <mask>, who was a plumber, and his wife Agnes Ann  Scutt. Known as <mask>, <mask> attended Goodwood Public School, but his formal education ended at the age of 12 when he left school to care for his ill mother and his five younger

masks:
Thomas Charles Eastick
Eastick
Eastick
Lone Eastick
Tom
Eastick


title: Tom Eastick

texts: siblings. His father was at that time struggling to support the family. Despite leaving school, <mask> remained active in the Boy Scout movement. He worked for a hardware company, Colton, Palmer & Preston Ltd, as a purchasing officer. It was during this time that he acquired managerial skills that he employed effectively in his later career. Having served four years in the compulsory senior cadets, in 1918 <mask> enlisted as a part-time soldier in the Australian Field Artillery of the Citizen Forces.He was commissioned as a lieutenant in 1922, and was posted to the 13th Field Brigade where he soon earned a reputation as an effective trainer of artillerymen. He was appointed as the commander of the 50th Battery of the brigade in 1924. On 31 October of the following year, <mask> married Ruby Sybil Bruce, a saleswoman and youngest daughter of Mrs A.H.Bruce, in the Baptist church at Richmond, and after a honeymoon at Port Noarlunga they lived in the northern part of Colonel Light Gardens known as Reade Park. The couple had five sons: Bruce, who was later the Leader of the Opposition from 1972 to 1975 and Speaker of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1979 to 1982; Keith, David, Geoff and Barry. <mask> was promoted to captain in 1926. His proficiency as an artillery officer was demonstrated by his involvement in two innovations: in 1926, he was the first Australian artillery officer to use survey procedures to accurately predict gun data to engage targets without ranging, and the following year a Royal Australian Air Force pilot adjusted the fire of Eastick's battery during field firing. Also in 1927, he took over the management of an engineering company in

masks: Tom Eastick Eastick Eastick


title: Tom Eastick

texts:
 Adelaide.This led to him co-founding a small engineering business, Angas Engineering Co. (Pty Ltd) at premises in Moore Street, Adelaide, with a mechanic friend. The business venture went well until the Great Depression began around 1929, after which difficulties mounted. In 1930, <mask> was promoted to major in the recently renamed Militia. <mask> was appointed as a justice of the peace in 1935. In 1938 his battery won the Mount Schank Trophy as the most efficient Militia field battery in the country. The following year, <mask> was temporarily promoted to lieutenant colonel and appointed as the commanding officer of the 13th Field Brigade. World War II

Service in the Middle East

In early 1940, shortly after the outbreak of World War II, <mask> put the 13th Field Brigade through a training program over a three-month period.In April his promotion to lieutenant colonel in the Militia was made substantive, and he was appointed at the same rank to raise and command the 2/7th Field Regiment, part of the Second Australian Imperial Force (Second AIF) which was being raised for overseas service. Initially consisting of the 13th Battery raised in South Australia, and the 14th Battery raised in Western Australia, its original members were mainly Militia artillerymen who had volunteered for the Second AIF. In October the regiment was allocated to the 9th Division and the following month the regimental headquarters and 13th Battery embarked on the troopship  at Port Adelaide, and picked up the 14th Battery at Fremantle en route to the Middle East. <mask>'s regiment arrived in the Middle East in December 1940, and was garrisoned at Qastina in Palestine where it conducted

masks: Eastick Eastick Eastick Eastick Eastick


title: Tom Eastick

texts: training with World War I vintage QF 18-pounder guns and QF 4.5-inch howitzers. In March 1941 the 9th Division was moved to Egypt, but due to lack of vehicles the 2/7th Field Regiment did not join them until the following month. Initially deployed to a staging area at Ikingi Maryut, and in late May it moved forward into defensive positions at Mersa Matruh. By the end of July, the regiment had received most of its entitlement of 24 Ordnance QF 25-pounder guns.In the same month, a troop of the regiment was sent to the Siwa Oasis on the edge of the Great Sand Sea. At the beginning of September, the rest of the regimentless another troop that remained at Mersa Matruh to calibrate its newly received gunsmoved forward to a position between the Axis-controlled Halfaya Pass and the Allied-held fortress of Sidi Barrani. <mask> took over the control of artillery in the coastal sector, which included anti-tank and light anti-aircraft batteries. The regiment remained there, harassing the enemy, until it was relieved on 22 September. The 2/7th Field Regiment moved to reserve positions, and <mask> was briefly in command of one of the reserve columns between 26 September and 1 October. In early October <mask> was advised that his regiment was to be withdrawn to rejoin the 9th Division, which had been withdrawn from Tobruk and was rebuilding in Palestine. As part of the withdrawal, the regiment was to be reorganised to include three batteries, the 13th, 14th and 57th.The regiment remained in the desert for a while longer, harassing the enemy. On 12 October <mask> went forward to watch a troop conduct counter-battery fire in support of a raid. During the withdrawal, <mask>'s


title: Tom Eastick

texts: vehicle was machine-gunned by German aircraft and he witnessed a British fighter pilot being shot while parachuting from his stricken aircraft. <mask> arranged a proper burial service and laid the pilot to rest where he fell. After a further successful operation coordinated with bombers against enemy camps, on 16 October the regiment drove eastwards, its fighting in the Middle East having come to an end. During his time as commanding officer, <mask> became known as "February <mask>", due to his proclivity to sentence disciplinary cases to 28 days' punishment. Instead of rejoining the division immediately, the 2/7th was transferred to become the depot regiment at the Royal Artillery-run Middle East School of Artillery near Cairo in Egypt for three months.This was an honour granted in recognition of the level of efficiency reached by the regiment under <mask>'s command. From February to June 1942, the regiment was deployed in defensive positions at Bsarma near Tripoli in Allied-occupied French Syria. In June, the 9th Division was deployed back to Egypt to bolster Allied defences at El Alamein. The division was allocated to the northern sector and the 2/7th Field Regiment was placed under the command of the division's 26th Brigade, taking up a position at Kilo 91, east of El Alamein, on 8 July. Two days later the 26th Brigade attacked German positions on the high ground of the Tel el Eisa, supported by the whole of the divisional artillery, as part of the First Battle of El Alamein. The Germans subsequently counter-attacked, and over a five-day period, the 2/7th Field Regiment fired 20,129 rounds. In September, the regiment supported Operation Bulimba, a diversionary

masks: Eastick Eastick Tom Eastick


title: Tom Eastick

texts:
 attack launched by the 20th Brigade.The 2/7th Field Regiment again supported the 20th Brigade during the Second Battle of El Alamein in October and November 1942, by firing 65,594 rounds across the 13 days of fighting. The regiment also participated in the pursuit of the enemy as they withdrew, pushing forward as far forward as El Dabaa. Following this vital success, the 9th Division, including the 2/7th Field Regiment, returned to Australia to prepare for operations against the Japanese closer to home. On 15 December, <mask> was mentioned in despatches for "gallant and distinguished services in the Middle East during the period November 1941 to April 1942", which recognised the high level of efficiency reached by the 2/7th Field Regiment under <mask>'s command. The regiment arrived in Fremantle on 18 February 1943. On the same day, <mask> was made a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order in recognition of "gallant and distinguished services in the Middle East during the period May 1942 to October 1942", covering the period of both battles of El Alamein. The citation stated:

After dropping off its Western Australian members in Fremantle, the regiment disembarked in Melbourne a week later.In March, <mask> was awarded the Efficiency Decoration (ED) for twenty years' service in the Citizen Forces and Militia. The members of the regiment were given leave, and the regiment moved to Queensland in April for further training. Service in the Pacific

In June 1943, <mask> was appointed commander of the 7th Division artillery with the temporary rank of brigadier. He deployed to New Guinea with the division in August, and commanded the artillery assets of the division


title: Tom Eastick

texts: during the landing at Nadzab and advance to Lae in September as part of the closing phase of the Salamaua–Lae campaign, and then during the Markham, Ramu and Finisterre campaigns until April 1944 when the division returned to Australia. Two months later <mask> was appointed as commander of the 9th Division artillery. The 9th Division was at that time reforming and training on the Atherton Tablelands in North Queensland after fighting in the Salamaua–Lae and Huon Peninsula campaigns in New Guinea. Due to rapid developments in the war and strategic uncertainty over the role of Australian forces in the Pacific, the 9th Division remained in Australia for over a year before seeing action once more.While the Australian I Corps (of which the 9th Division was part) had originally been intended to participate in the liberation of the Philippines, these plans were dropped, and the Corps was instead tasked with the liberation of Borneo between 1 May and 15 August 1945. This was the division's final involvement in the war and its participation in the campaign was broken up into two primary operations: the Battle of Tarakan, a landing on Tarakan Island also known as Operation Oboe One; and Operation Oboe Six, which consisted of a landing at Brunei on the north Borneo coast, and a landing and subsequent battle on the island of Labuan. The 9th Division was responsible for administering the Japanese surrender in British Borneo, including Sarawak, Brunei and Labuan Island, and the Natuna Islands. This territory was divided into five zones, one of which was the Raj of Sarawak south of the mouth of the Rajang River. <mask> was appointed commander of Kuching Force, which was

masks: Eastick Eastick


title: Tom Eastick

texts:
 responsible for the latter zone, Kuching being the capital of the Raj of Sarawak. Kuching Force totalled around 2,000 men from the 2/4th Pioneer Battalion, 2/12th Commando Squadron, engineers from the 2/7th Field Company, and assorted other units. On 6 September, <mask> flew to Kuching in a Consolidated PBY Catalina flying boat and gave instructions to Japanese officers regarding the surrender before departing.Two days later, he sailed back to Kuching aboard the  , and at 14:35 on 11 September he took the surrender from Major General Hiyoe Yamamura aboard Kapunda. Kuching Force disembarked that afternoon. <mask> was responsible for: accepting the surrender of the Japanese in his zone and interning them; releasing and evacuating around 2,017 Allied prisoners of war (POWs) and internees, including 400 stretcher cases and 237 women and children; and establishing military control in the zone. This included liberating and repatriating Allied POWs held in the large Batu Lintang camp. By 14 September 858 POWs and internees had been evacuated. By the end of October, 6,124 Japanese troops and 1,770 Japanese civilians were interned in the Kuching Force zone. <mask> was military governor of Sarawak until December, when a British Indian Army garrison arrived to relieve Kuching Force.<mask> then administered command of the 9th Division until February 1946, and on 28 February he transferred to the Reserve of Officers with the honorary rank of brigadier. He was subsequently made a Companion of the Order of the Star of Sarawak, which he was later authorised to wear alongside his other medals. Post-war career

<mask> returned to civilian life and his business and became involved


title: Tom Eastick

texts: in ex-service organisations. He became a member of the Colonel Light Gardens sub-branch of the Returned Sailors’, Soldiers’ and Airmen’s Imperial League of Australia (RSSAILA) (the Returned & Services League (RSL) from 1965), the principal Australian veterans' organisation. He was recalled to service in January 1950 with the rank of brigadier, and was posted as the commander of the Headquarters Group of Central Command in Adelaide. During this posting he was also an honorary aide-de-camp to the Governor-General of Australia, Sir William McKell. <mask> had a leading role in the development of A Call to the People of Australia, an exhortation to Australian citizens to "Fear God, Honour the King", which was launched on Remembrance Day 1951 and signed by church leaders and the chief justices of the states.From 1950 to 1954 he was the state president of RSSAILA, and in Queen Elizabeth II's 1953 Coronation Honours was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) for his work with the organisation. In 1953, <mask> was profiled in the Adelaide newspaper The News, which detailed some of his wide-ranging volunteer work and concluded that "he seems to have deserved that CMG". <mask> returned to the Reserve of Officers on 1 October 1953. From 1955 to 1960, <mask> was the colonel commandant of the Royal Regiment of Australian Artillery. He was again the state president of RSSAILA and then the RSL between 1961 and 1972. Early in his second stint as president, <mask> urged the state premier, Sir Thomas Playford, to investigate RSSAILA allegations about communists working within state government departments. Playford later tabled a report that detailed an


title: Tom Eastick

texts:
 investigation into suspected communists and commended the RSSAILA for bringing the issue to public notice.<mask> was a Freemason, and the federal president of the Australia Day Council from 1963 to 1965. He served in honorary roles in about 25 organisations, many of which were ex-service related. A knighthood in recognition of his work for the interests of ex-servicemen was announced in the 1970 New Year Honours. It was conferred on him in person by Queen Elizabeth II on 24 April 1970 at Government House, Canberra. In September 1972, following the discovery of a National Socialist Party of Australia training camp at Gawler, South Australia, <mask> said that there was "no room in Australia for anybody with subversive  thoughts like the Nazi Party". In 1974 several harness races at a Globe Derby Park charity race day were named in <mask>'s honour. <mask> continued to work at Angas Engineering until 1977, and was again federal president of the Australia Day Council from 1976 to 1980.His wife, now Ruby, Lady Eastick, died suddenly in 1980, and after a few years he moved to the Masonic Nursing Home in Somerton Park. He died there on 16 December 1988 and was cremated. <mask>'s entry in the Australian Dictionary of Biography by David N. Brook states that:

Footnotes

References

Books

News and documents

Gazettes

Websites

1900 births
1988 deaths
Australian brigadiers
Australian Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Australian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Australian Knights Bachelor
Australian Army personnel of World War II
Australian veterans' rights activists
Raj of Sarawak
People from Adelaide
Recipients of the Order of the Star of


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<mask>  (born November 18, 1939) is a Canadian poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, teacher, environmental activist, and inventor. Since 1961, she has published 18 books of poetry, 18 novels, 11 books of non-fiction, nine collections of short fiction, eight children's books, and two graphic novels, and a number of small press editions of both poetry and fiction. <mask> has won numerous awards and honors for her writing, including two Booker Prizes, the Arthur C. Clarke Award, the Governor General's Award, the Franz Kafka Prize, Princess of Asturias Awards, and the National Book Critics and PEN Center USA Lifetime Achievement Awards. A number of her works have been adapted for film and television. <mask>'s works encompass a variety of themes including gender and identity, religion and myth, the power of language, climate change, and "power politics". Many of her poems are inspired by myths and fairy tales which interested her from a very early age. <mask> is a founder of the Griffin Poetry Prize and the Writers' Trust of Canada.She is also a Senior Fellow of Massey College, Toronto. She is the inventor of the LongPen device and associated technologies that facilitate remote robotic writing of documents. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, the second of three children of Carl Edmund <mask>, an entomologist, and <mask> (née Killam), a former dietitian and nutritionist from Woodville, Nova Scotia. Because of her father's research in forest entomology, <mask> spent much of her childhood in the backwoods of northern Quebec, and travelling back and forth between Ottawa, Sault Ste. Marie and Toronto. She did not attend school full-time until she was 12

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 years old. She became a voracious reader of literature, Dell pocketbook mysteries, Grimms' Fairy Tales, Canadian animal stories, and comic books.She attended Leaside High School in Leaside, Toronto, and graduated in 1957. <mask> began writing plays and poems at the age of 6. As a child, she also participated in the Brownie program of Girl Guides of Canada. <mask> has written about her experiences in Girl Guides in several of her publications. Atwood realized she wanted to write professionally when she was 16. In 1957, she began studying at Victoria College in the University of Toronto, where she published poems and articles in Acta Victoriana, the college literary journal, and participated in the sophomore theatrical tradition of The Bob Comedy Revue. Her professors included Jay Macpherson and Northrop Frye.She graduated in 1961 with a Bachelor of Arts in English (honours) and minors in philosophy and French. In 1961, <mask> began graduate studies at Radcliffe College of Harvard University, with a Woodrow Wilson fellowship. She obtained a master's degree (MA) from Radcliffe in 1962 and pursued doctoral studies for two years, but did not finish her dissertation, The English Metaphysical Romance. Personal life
<mask> has a sister, <mask>, born in 1951, and a brother who is two years older, Harold Leslie <mask>. She claimed 17th century witchcraft-lynching survivor Mary Webster to be her ancestor. Webster is the subject of <mask>'s poem "Half-Hanged Mary", as well as the subject of <mask>'s dedication in her novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985). <mask> married Jim Polk, an American writer, in 1968, but later divorced in 1973.She formed a relationship with fellow novelist Graeme Gibson soon

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 afterward and moved to a farm near Alliston, Ontario, where their daughter, Eleanor Jess <mask> Gibson, was born in 1976. The family returned to Toronto in 1980. <mask> and Gibson were together until September 18, 2019, when Gibson died after suffering from dementia. She wrote about Gibson in the poem Dearly and in an accompanying essay on grief and poetry published in The Guardian in 2020. <mask> said about Gibson "He wasn't an egotist, so he wasn't threatened by anything I was doing. He said to our daughter towards the end of his life, 'Your mum would still have been a writer if she hadn't met me, but she wouldn't have had as much fun'". Although she is an accomplished writer, Atwood says that she is "a terrible speller" who writes both on a computer and by hand.Career

1960s
<mask>'s first book of poetry, Double Persephone, was published as a pamphlet by Hawkshead Press in 1961, winning the E.J. Pratt Medal. While continuing to write, <mask> was a lecturer in English at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, from 1964 to 1965, Instructor in English at the Sir George Williams University in Montreal from 1967 to 1968, and taught at the University of Alberta from 1969 to 1970. In 1966, The Circle Game was published, winning the Governor General's Award. This collection was followed by three other small press collections of poetry: Kaleidoscopes Baroque: a poem, Cranbrook Academy of Art (1965); Talismans for Children, Cranbrook Academy of Art (1965); and Speeches for Doctor Frankenstein, Cranbrook Academy of Art (1966); as well as, The Animals in That Country (1968). <mask>'s first novel, The Edible Woman, was published in 1969. As a social satire of North American consumerism,

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 many critics have often cited the novel as an early example of the feminist concerns found in many of <mask>'s works.1970s
Atwood taught at York University in Toronto from 1971 to 1972 and was a writer in residence at the University of Toronto during the 1972/1973 academic year. Atwood published six collections of poetry over the course of the decade: The Journals of Susanna Moodie (1970), Procedures for Underground (1970), Power Politics (1971), You Are Happy (1974), Selected Poems 1965–1975 (1976), and Two-Headed Poems (1978). Atwood also published three novels during this time: Surfacing (1972); Lady Oracle (1976); and Life Before Man (1979), which was a finalist for the Governor General's Award. Surfacing, Lady Oracle, and Life Before Man, like The Edible Woman, explore identity and social constructions of gender as they relate to topics such as nationhood and sexual politics. In particular, Surfacing, along with her first non-fiction monograph, Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature (1972), helped establish Atwood as an important and emerging voice in Canadian literature. In 1977 Atwood published her first short story collection, Dancing Girls, which was the winner of the St. Lawrence Award for Fiction and the award of The Periodical Distributors of Canada for Short Fiction. By 1976, there was such interest in Atwood, her works, and her life that Maclean's declared her to be "Canada's most gossiped-about writer."1980s
<mask>'s literary reputation continued to rise in the 1980s with the publication of Bodily Harm (1981); The Handmaid's Tale (1985), winner of the Arthur C. Clarke Award and 1985 Governor General's Award and finalist for the 1986 Booker Prize; and Cat's

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 Eye (1988), finalist for both the 1988 Governor General's Award and the 1989 Booker Prize. Despite her distaste for literary labels, <mask> has since conceded to referring to The Handmaid's Tale as a work of science fiction or, more accurately, speculative fiction. As she has repeatedly noted, "There's a precedent in real life for everything in the book. I decided not to put anything in that somebody somewhere hadn't already done." While reviewers and critics have been tempted to read autobiographical elements of <mask>'s life in her work, particularly Cat's Eye, in general <mask> resists the desire of critics to read too closely for an author's life in their writing. Filmmaker Michael Rubbo's <mask>: Once in August (1984) details the filmmaker's frustration in uncovering autobiographical evidence and inspiration in <mask>'s works. During the 1980s, <mask> continued to teach, serving as the MFA Honorary Chair the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, 1985; the Berg Professor of English, New York University, 1986; Writer-in-Residence, Macquarie University, Australia, 1987; and Writer-in-Residence, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, 1989.Regarding her stints with teaching, she has noted, "Success for me meant no longer having to teach at university." 1990s
<mask>'s reputation as a writer continued to grow with the publication of the novels The Robber Bride (1993), finalist for the 1994 Governor General's Award and shortlisted for the James Tiptree Jr. Award, and Alias Grace (1996), winner of the 1996 Giller Prize, finalist for the 1996 Booker Prize, finalist for the 1996 Governor General's Award, and shortlisted for the 1997 Orange Prize for Fiction. Although vastly different in

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 context and form, both novels use female characters to question good and evil and morality through their portrayal of female villains. As <mask> noted about The Robber Bride, "I'm not making a case for evil behavior, but unless you have some women characters portrayed as evil characters, you're not playing with a full range." The Robber Bride takes place in contemporary Toronto, while Alias Grace is a work of historical fiction detailing the 1843 murders of Thomas Kinnear and his housekeeper Nancy Montgomery. <mask> had previously written the 1974 CBC made-for-TV film The Servant Girl, about the life of Grace Marks, the young servant who, along with James McDermott, was convicted of the crime. 2000s

Novels

In 2000, <mask> published her tenth novel, The Blind Assassin, to critical acclaim, winning both the Booker Prize and the Hammett Prize in 2000.The Blind Assassin was also nominated for the Governor General's Award in 2000, Orange Prize for Fiction, and the International Dublin Literary Award in 2002. In 2001, <mask> was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame. <mask> followed this success with the publication of Oryx and Crake in 2003, the first novel in a series that also includes The Year of the Flood (2009) and MaddAddam (2013), which would collectively come to be known as the MaddAddam Trilogy. The apocalyptic vision in the MaddAddam Trilogy engages themes of genetic modification, pharmaceutical and corporate control, and man-made disaster. As a work of speculative fiction, <mask> notes of the technology in Oryx and Crake, "I think, for the first time in human history, we see where we might go. We can see far enough into the future to know that we can't go on the way we've been


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 going forever without inventing, possibly, a lot of new and different things." She later cautions in the acknowledgements to MaddAddam, "Although MaddAddam is a work of fiction, it does not include any technologies or bio-beings that do not already exist, are not under construction or are not possible in theory."In 2005, <mask> published the novella The Penelopiad as part of the Canongate Myth Series. The story is a retelling of The Odyssey from the perspective of Penelope and a chorus of the twelve maids murdered at the end of the original tale. The Penelopiad was given a theatrical production in 2007. In 2016, <mask> published the novel Hag-Seed, a modern-day retelling of Shakespeare's The Tempest, as part of Penguin Random House's Hogarth Shakespeare Series. On November 28, 2018, <mask> announced that she would publish The Testaments, a sequel to The Handmaid's Tale, in September 2019. The novel features three female narrators and takes place fifteen years after the character Offred's final scene in The Handmaid's Tale. The book was announced as the joint winner of the 2019 Booker Prize on October 14, 2019.Non-fiction
In 2008, Atwood published Payback: Debt and the Shadow Side of Wealth, a collection of five lectures delivered as part of the Massey Lectures from October 12 to November 1, 2008. The book was released in anticipation of the lectures, which were also recorded and broadcast on CBC Radio One's Ideas. Chamber opera
In March 2008, Atwood accepted a chamber opera commission. Commissioned by City Opera of Vancouver, Pauline is set in Vancouver in March 1913 during the final days of the life of Canadian writer and performer Pauline Johnson. Pauline, composed by Tobin Stokes

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 with libretto by <mask>, premiered on May 23, 2014, at Vancouver's York Theatre. Graphic fiction
In 2016, Atwood began writing the superhero comic book series Angel Catbird, with co-creator and illustrator Johnnie Christmas. The series protagonist, scientist Strig Feleedus, is victim of an accidental mutation that leaves him with the body parts and powers of both a cat and a bird.As with her other works, <mask> notes of the series, "The kind of speculative fiction about the future that I write is always based on things that are in process right now. So it's not that I imagine them, it's that I notice that people are working on them and I take it a few steps further down the road. So it doesn't come out of nowhere, it comes out of real life." Future Library project
With her novel Scribbler Moon, <mask> is the first contributor to the Future Library project. The work, completed in 2015, was ceremonially handed over to the project on May 27 of the same year. The book will be held by the project until its eventual publishing in 2114. She thinks that readers will probably need a paleo-anthropologist to translate some parts of her story.In an interview with the Guardian newspaper, <mask> said, "There's something magical about it. It's like Sleeping Beauty. The texts are going to slumber for 100 years and then they'll wake up, come to life again. It's a fairytale length of time. She slept for 100 years." Invention of the LongPen
In early 2004, while on the paperback tour in Denver for her novel Oryx and Crake, <mask> conceived the concept of a remote robotic writing technology, what would later be known as the LongPen, that would enable a person to remotely write in ink anywhere in the world

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 via tablet PC and the Internet, thus allowing her to conduct her book tours without being physically present. She quickly founded a company, Unotchit Inc., to develop, produce and distribute this technology.By 2011, the company shifted its market focus into business and legal transactions and was producing a range of products, for a variety of remote writing applications, based on the LongPen technologies. In 2013, the company renamed itself to Syngrafii Inc. In 2021, it is cloud based and offers Electronic signature-technology. As of May 2021, Atwood is still co-founder and a director of Syngrafii Inc. and holder of various patents related to the LongPen and related technology. Poetry
In November 2020 Atwood published Dearly, a collection of poems exploring absences and endings, ageing and retrospection, and gifts and renewals. The central poem, Dearly, was also published in The Guardian newspaper along with an essay exploring the passing of time, grief, and how a poem belongs to the reader; this is accompanied by an audio recording of <mask> reading the poem on the newspaper's website. Recurring themes and cultural contexts

Theory of Canadian identity
Atwood's contributions to the theorizing of Canadian identity have garnered attention both in Canada and internationally.Her principal work of literary criticism, Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature, is considered somewhat outdated, but remains a standard introduction to Canadian literature in Canadian studies programs internationally. The continued reprinting of Survival by Anansi Press has been criticized as a view-narrowing disservice to students of Canadian literature by some critics, including Joseph Pivato. In


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 Survival, Atwood postulates that Canadian literature, and by extension Canadian identity, is characterized by the symbol of survival. This symbol is expressed in the omnipresent use of "victim positions" in Canadian literature. These positions represent a scale of self-consciousness and self-actualization for the victim in the "victor/victim" relationship. The "victor" in these scenarios may be other humans, nature, the wilderness or other external and internal factors which oppress the victim. Atwood's Survival bears the influence of Northrop Frye's theory of garrison mentality; Atwood uses Frye's concept of Canada's desire to wall itself off from outside influence as a critical tool to analyze Canadian literature.According to her theories in works such as Survival and her exploration of similar themes in her fiction, <mask> considers Canadian literature as the expression of Canadian identity. According to this literature, Canadian identity has been defined by a fear of nature, by settler history, and by unquestioned adherence to the community. In an interview with the Scottish critic Bill Findlay in 1979, <mask> discussed the relationship of Canadian writers and writing to the 'Imperial Cultures' of America and Britain.<ref>Findlay, Bill (1979), Interview with <mask>', in Bold, Christine (ed. ), Cencrastus No. 1, Autumn 1979, pp. 2 - 6.</ref>

<mask>'s contribution to the theorizing of Canada is not limited to her non-fiction works. Several of her works, including The Journals of Susanna Moodie, Alias Grace, The Blind Assassin and Surfacing, are examples of what postmodern literary theorist Linda Hutcheon calls "historiographic metafiction".In such works, <mask> explicitly explores

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 the relation of history and narrative and the processes of creating history. Among her contributions to Canadian literature, <mask> is a founding trustee of the Griffin Poetry Prize, as well as a founder of the Writers' Trust of Canada, a non-profit literary organization that seeks to encourage Canada's writing community. Feminism
<mask>'s work has been of interest to feminist literary critics, despite <mask>'s unwillingness at times to apply the label feminist to her works. Starting with the publication of her first novel, The Edible Woman, <mask> asserted, "I don't consider it feminism; I just consider it social realism." Despite her rejection of the label at times, critics have analyzed the sexual politics, use of myth and fairytale, and gendered relationships in her work through the lens of feminism. She later clarified her discomfort with the label feminism by stating, "I always want to know what people mean by that word [feminism]. Some people mean it quite negatively, other people mean it very positively, some people mean it in a broad sense, other people mean it in a more specific sense.Therefore, in order to answer the question, you have to ask the person what they mean." Speaking to The Guardian, she said "For instance, some feminists have historically been against lipstick and letting transgender women into women's washrooms. Those are not positions I have agreed with", a position she repeated to The Irish Times.Phoebe Kirk, Why I Won't Call You A TERF, HuffPost (UK), May 18, 2018. In an interview with Penguin Books, <mask> stated that the driving question throughout her writing of The Handmaid's Tale was "If you were going to shove women back into the home and deprive them


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 of all of these gains that they thought they had made, how would you do it? ", but related this question to totalitarianism, not feminism. In January 2018, <mask> penned the op-ed "Am I a Bad Feminist?" for The Globe and Mail.The piece was in response to social media backlash related to <mask>'s signature on a 2016 petition calling for an independent investigation into the firing of Steven Galloway, a former University of British Columbia professor accused of sexual harassment and assault by a student. While feminist critics denounced <mask> for her support of Galloway, <mask> asserts that her signature was in support of due process in the legal system. She has been criticized for her comments surrounding the #MeToo movement, particularly that it is a "symptom of a broken legal system." In 2018, following a partnership between Hulu's adaptation of The Handmaid's Tale and women's rights organisation Equality Now, <mask> was honored at their 2018 Make Equality Reality Gala. In her acceptance speech she said:

I am, of course, not a real activist—I'm simply a writer without a job who is frequently asked to speak about subjects that would get people with jobs fired if they themselves spoke. You, however, at Equality Now are real activists. I hope people will give Equality Now lots and lots of money, today, so they can write equal laws, enact equal laws and see that equal laws are implemented.That way, in time, all girls may be able to grow up believing that there are no avenues that are closed to them simply because they are girls. In 2019, Atwood partnered with Equality Now for the release of The Testaments. Speculative and science fiction
<mask> has resisted the suggestion that The


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 Handmaid's Tale and Oryx and Crake are science fiction, suggesting to The Guardian in 2003 that they are speculative fiction instead: "Science fiction has monsters and spaceships; speculative fiction could really happen." She told the Book of the Month Club: "Oryx and Crake is a speculative fiction, not a science fiction proper. It contains no intergalactic space travel, no teleportation, no Martians." On BBC Breakfast, she explained that science fiction, as opposed to what she herself wrote, was "talking squids in outer space." The latter phrase particularly rankled advocates of science fiction and frequently recurs when her writing is discussed.In 2005, <mask> said that she does at times write social science fiction and that The Handmaid's Tale and Oryx and Crake can be designated as such. She clarified her meaning on the difference between speculative and science fiction, admitting that others use the terms interchangeably: "For me, the science fiction label belongs on books with things in them that we can't yet do ... speculative fiction means a work that employs the means already to hand and that takes place on Planet Earth." She said that science fiction narratives give a writer the ability to explore themes in ways that realistic fiction cannot. <mask> further clarified her definitions of terms in 2011, stating in response to a discussion with Ursula K. Le Guin that: "what Le Guin means by 'science fiction' is what I mean by 'speculative fiction', and what she means by 'fantasy' would include what I mean by 'science fiction'." She added that genre borders were increasingly fluid, and that all forms of "SF" might be placed under a common larger umbrella. Animal rights
<mask>


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 repeatedly makes observations about the relationship of humans to animals in her works. A large portion of the dystopia <mask> creates in Oryx and Crake rests upon the genetic modification and alteration of animals and humans, resulting in hybrids such as pigoons, rakunks, wolvogs, and Crakers, which function to raise questions on the limits and ethics of science and technology, as well as questions on what it means to be human.In Surfacing, one character remarks about eating animals: "The animals die that we may live, they are substitute people ... And we eat them, out of cans or otherwise; we are eaters of death, dead Christ-flesh resurrecting inside us, granting us life." Some characters in her books link sexual oppression to meat-eating and consequently give up meat-eating. In The Edible Woman, Atwood's character Marian identifies with hunted animals and cries after hearing her fiancé's experience of hunting and eviscerating a rabbit. Marian stops eating meat but then later returns to it. In Cat's Eye, the narrator recognizes the similarity between a turkey and a baby. She looks at "the turkey, which resembles a trussed, headless baby. It has thrown off its disguise as a meal and has revealed itself to me for what it is, a large dead bird."In Atwood's Surfacing, a dead heron represents purposeless killing and prompts thoughts about other senseless deaths. <mask> is a pescetarian. In a 2009 interview she stated that "I shouldn't use the term vegetarian because I'm allowing myself gastropods, crustaceans and the occasional fish. Nothing with fur or feathers though". Political involvement
<mask> has indicated in an interview that she considers herself a Red Tory in what she sees as


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texts: the historical sense of the term, saying that "The Tories were the ones who believed that those in power had a responsibility to the community, that money should not be the measure of all things." In the 2008 federal election, she attended a rally for the Bloc Québécois, a Quebec separatist party, because of her support for their position on the arts, and stated that she would vote for the party if she lived in a riding in Quebec in which the choice was between the Bloc and the Conservatives. In an editorial in The Globe and Mail, she urged Canadians to vote for any other party other than the Conservatives to prevent them gaining a majority.<mask> has strong views on environmental issues, and she and Graeme Gibson were the joint honorary presidents of the Rare Bird Club within BirdLife International. <mask> celebrated her 70th birthday at a gala dinner at Laurentian University in Sudbury, Ontario. She stated that she had chosen to attend the event because the city has been home to one of Canada's most ambitious environmental reclamation programs: "When people ask if there's hope (for the environment), I say, if Sudbury can do it, so can you. Having been a symbol of desolation, it's become a symbol of hope." <mask> has been chair of the Writers' Union of Canada and helped to found the Canadian English-Speaking chapter of PEN International, a group originally started to free politically imprisoned writers. She held the position of PEN Canada president in the mid 1980s and was the 2017 recipient of the PEN Center USA's Lifetime Achievement Award. Despite calls for a boycott by Gazan students, <mask> visited Israel and accepted the $1,000,000 Dan David Prize along with Indian author Amitav

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 Ghosh at Tel Aviv University in May 2010.<mask> commented that "we don't do cultural boycotts." In her dystopian novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985), all the developments take place near Boston in the United States, now known as Gilead, while Canada is portrayed as the only hope for an escape. To some this reflects her status of being "in the vanguard of Canadian anti-Americanism of the 1960s and 1970s". Critics have seen the mistreated Handmaid as Canada. During the debate in 1987 over a free-trade agreement between Canada and the United States, <mask> spoke out against the deal and wrote an essay opposing it. She said that the 2016 United States presidential election led to an increase in sales of The Handmaid's Tale. Amazon reported that The Handmaid's Tale was the most-read book of 2017.Adaptations
The novel Surfacing (1972) was adapted into an 1981 film, written by Bernard Gordon and directed by Claude Jutra. The film received poor reviews and suffers from making "little attempt to find cinematic equivalents for the admittedly difficult subjective and poetic dimensions of the novel." The novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985) has been adapted several times. A 1990 film, directed by Volker Schlöndorff, with a screenplay by Harold Pinter, received mixed reviews. A musical adaptation resulted in the 2000 opera, written by Poul Ruders, with a libretto by Paul Bentley. It premiered at the Royal Danish Opera in 2000, and was staged in 2003 at London's English National Opera and the Minnesota Opera. Boston Lyric Opera mounted a production in May 2019.A television series by Bruce Miller began airing on the streaming service Hulu in 2017. The first season of the show earned eight Emmys in 2017,


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texts: including Outstanding Drama Series. Season two premiered on April 25, 2018, and it was announced on May 2, 2018, that Hulu had renewed the series for a third season. Atwood appears in a cameo in the first episode as one of the Aunts at the Red Center. In 2019, a graphic novel based on this book and with the same title was published by Renée Nault, . In 2003, six of Atwood's short stories were adapted by Shaftesbury Films for the anthology television series The Atwood Stories. Atwood's 2008 Massey Lectures were adapted into the documentary Payback (2012), by director Jennifer Baichwal.Commentary by <mask> and others such as economist Raj Patel, ecologist William Reese, and religious scholar Karen Armstrong, are woven into various stories that explore the concepts of debt and payback, including an Armenian blood feud, agricultural working conditions, and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The novel Alias Grace (1996) was adapted into a six-part 2017 miniseries directed by Mary Harron and adapted by Sarah Polley. It premiered on CBC on September 25, 2017, and the full series was released on Netflix on November 3, 2017. <mask> makes a cameo in the fourth episode of the series as a disapproving churchgoer.In the Wake of the Flood (released in October 2010), a documentary film by the Canadian director Ron Mann, followed <mask> on the unusual book tour for her novel The Year of the Flood (2009). During this innovative book tour, <mask> created a theatrical version of her novel, with performers borrowed from the local areas she was visiting. The documentary is described as "a fly-on-the-wall film vérité." <mask>'s children's book Wandering Wenda and Widow Wallop's Wunderground Washery (2011) was


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 adapted into the children's television series The Wide World of Wandering Wenda, broadcast on CBC beginning in the spring of 2017.Aimed at early readers, the animated series follows Wenda and her friends as they navigate different adventures using words, sounds, and language. Director Darren Aronofsky had been slated to direct an adaption of the MaddAddam trilogy for HBO, but it was revealed in October 2016 that HBO had dropped the plan from its schedule. In January 2018, it was announced that Paramount Television and Anonymous Content had bought the rights to the trilogy and would be moving forward without Aronofsky. Awards and honours
<mask> holds numerous honorary degrees from various institutions, including The Sorbonne, NUI Galway as well as Oxford and Cambridge  universities. Awards

 Governor General's Award, 1966, 1985
 Companion of the Order of Canada, 1981
 Guggenheim fellowship, 1981
 Los Angeles Times Fiction Award, 1986
 American Humanist Association Humanist of the Year, 1987
 Nebula Award, 1986 and Prometheus Award, 1987 nominations, both science fiction awards. Arthur C. Clarke Award for best Science Fiction, 1987
 Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1988
 Canadian Booksellers Association Author of the Year, 1989
 Outstanding Canadian Award – Armenian Community Centre of Toronto, 1989
 Order of Ontario, 1990
 Trillium Book Award, 1991, 1993, 1995
 Government of France's Chevalier dans l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, 1994
 Helmerich Award, 1999, by the Tulsa Library Trust. Oryx and Crake (2003, finalist for the 2003 Booker Prize and the 2003 Governor General's Award and shortlisted for the 2004 Orange Prize for Fiction.)(1978) – as


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 recited by <mask>; included in all three most recent editions of her "Selected Poems" as listed above (US, CA, UK)
 The Door (2007)
 Dearly (2020)

E-books
 I'm Starved For You: Positron, Episode One (2012)
 Choke Collar: Positron, Episode Two (2012)
 Erase Me: Positron, Episode Three (2013)
 The Heart Goes Last: Positron, Episode Four (2013)
 The Happy Zombie Sunrise Home (2013) (with Naomi Alderman)

Anthologies edited
 The New Oxford Book of Canadian Verse (1982)
 The Canlit Foodbook (1987)
 The Oxford Book of Canadian Short Stories in English (1988)
 The Best American Short Stories 1989 (1989) (with Shannon Ravenel)
 The New Oxford Book of Canadian Short Stories in English (1995)

 Children's books
 Up in the Tree (1978)
 Anna's Pet (1980) (with Joyce C. Barkhouse)
 For the Birds (1990) (with Shelly Tanaka)
 Princess Prunella and the Purple Peanut (1995)
 Rude Ramsay and the Roaring Radishes (2003)
 Bashful Bob and Doleful Dorinda (2006)
 Wandering Wenda and Widow Wallop's Wunderground Washery (2011); inspired a cartoon series called Wandering Wenda in 2016. Non-fiction
 Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature (1972)
 Days of the Rebels 1815–1840 (1977)
 Second Words: Selected Critical Prose (1982)
 Through the One-Way Mirror (1986)
 Strange Things: The Malevolent North in Canadian Literature (1995)
 Negotiating with the Dead: A Writer on Writing (2002)
 Moving Targets: Writing with Intent, 1982–2004 (2004)
 Writing with Intent: Essays, Reviews, Personal Prose 1983–2005 (2005)
 Payback: Debt and the Shadow Side of Wealth (2008)
 In Other Worlds: SF and the Human Imagination (2011)
 On Writers and Writing (2015)

Drawings
 Kanadian Kultchur Komix featuring


title: Margaret Atwood

texts:
 "Survivalwoman" in This Magazine under the pseudonym, Bart Gerrard 1975–1980
 Others appear on her website. Graphic novels
 Angel Catbird, with Johnnie Christmas and Tamra Bonvillain (2016)
 War Bears, with Ken Steacy (2018)

 Television scripts
 The Servant Girl (1974)
 Snowbird (1981)
 Heaven on Earth (1987)

 Libretti
 The Trumpets of Summer (1964) (with composer John Beckwith)
 Frankenstein Monster Song (2004, with rock band One Ring Zero)
 "Pauline", a chamber opera in two acts, with composer Tobin Stokes for City Opera Vancouver (2014)

Audio recordings
 The Poetry and Voice of Margaret Atwood (1977)
 Margaret Atwood Reads "Unearthing Suite" (1985)
 Margaret Atwood Reading From Her Poems (2005)
 Margaret Atwood as herself in Zombies, Run, as a surviving radio operator in themes. Filmography
 She is credited as playing herself in all 26 episodes of The Wide World of Wandering Wenda in which she wears funny hats to match the various themes (2017)

See also
 Canadian poetry
 List of Canadian poets
 List of Canadian writers

 References

 Further reading

 Clements, Pam. "Margaret Atwood and Chaucer: Truth and Lies," in: Cahier Calin: Makers of the Middle Ages. Essays in Honor of William Calin, ed. Richard Utz and Elizabeth Emery (Kalamazoo, MI: Studies in Medievalism, 2011), pp.39–41. Findlay, Bill (1979), Interview with <mask>, in Cencrastus No. 1, Autumn 1979, pp. 2 – 6 . Miceli, Barbara. "<mask>'s The Heart goes Last: Panopticism, Discipline, Society, and Ustopia" in Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 5.2 (December 2019), pp. 79–90.Miceli, Barbara. "Religion, Gender Inequality, and Surrogate Motherhood in <mask>'s The Handmaid's Tale", in CoSMo

masks:
Margaret Atwood
Margaret Atwood
Margaret Atwood


title: Charito Solis

texts:
Rosario Violeta Solís Hernández, better known as <mask> (October 6, 1935 – January 9, 1998), was a FAMAS and Gawad Urian Award-winning Filipina film actress, in addition to being the first Philippine woman who have bared her chest in recorded film. Profile
Rosario Violeta Solís Hernández was born in Manila. At age 19, she was introduced by her uncle, the film director F. H. Constantino to Doña Narcisa de León, the head of LVN Pictures, who cast her to star in her initial movie Niña Bonita, an adaptation of Frank Capra's It Happened One Night. The film was a success, and marked the beginning for Solís of a 43-year career in film that lasted until her death. Solís died on January 9, 1998, in Calamba City from cardiac arrest. She was buried at Manila Memorial Park in Parañaque. Film career
Solís would star in well over 100 films starting with LVN Pictures' classics such as Niña Bonita (1955), Charito, I Love You!(1956), Walang Sugat (1957), Malvarosa (1958), Kundiman Ng Lahi (1959) and Emily (1960). She was featured in several of the best-known and critically acclaimed movies of Philippine cinema. She played the female lead in the 1962 film adaptation of Jose Rizal's El filibusterismo, directed by Gerardo de Leon. Among her many films she also appeared in Eddie Romero's Manila, Open City (1967), Araw-Araw,


title: Charito Solis

texts:
 Langit'
| rowspan=3 align="center"| Best Supporting Actress
|
|-
| 1984
| Karnal|
|-
| rowspan=2 align="center"| 1982
| Kisapmata|
|-
| Playgirl| rowspan=2 align="center"| Best Actress
|
|-
| 1980
| Ina, Kapatid, Anak|
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:70%; text-align:center;"
|+ Metro Manila Film Festival
|-
! scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Year
! scope="col" style="width:35%;" | Nominated work
! scope="col" style="width:40%;" | Category
! scope="col" style="width:15%;" | Result
|-
| 1981
| Kisapmata'| Best Supporting Actress
|
|-
| 1975
| Araw-araw, Gabi-gabi| Best Actress
|
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:70%; text-align:center;"
|+ Catholic Mass Media Award
|-
! scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Year
! scope="col" style="width:35%;" | Nominated work
!scope="col" style="width:40%;" | Category
! scope="col" style="width:15%;" | Result
|-
| 1979
| Ina, Kapatid, Anak'| Best Lead Performer
|
|-
| 1983
| Minsan May isang Ina| Best Actress
|
|-
|}

Television career
From 1966 to 1968, Solís had a weekly TV show on ABS-CBN entitled The <mask> Solís Show (1966 to 1968). In 1973, Solís also had a TV weekly drama show named Obra Maestra on RPN. In the late 1980s, Solís won the chance to showcase her comedic skills, as well as to gain a younger set of fans, when she was cast


title: Neal Schon

texts:
<mask> (born February 27, 1954) is an American rock guitarist, songwriter, and vocalist, best known for his work with the bands Journey and Bad English. He was a member of the rock band Santana before forming Journey, and was also an original member of Hardline. <mask> was inducted into the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame on August 23, 2013, and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey on April 7, 2017. Early life and career
<mask> was born at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, the son of Matthew and <mask>. He is of German and Italian ancestry. His father was a big band musician, arranger, and composer, and played and taught all reed instruments with emphasis on jazz tenor saxophone; his mother was a big band singer. <mask> started playing guitar at age 10.He attended Aragon High School in San Mateo, California, later dropping out to pursue his music career. A quick learner, he joined Santana at age 17, in 1972. <mask> has said he was asked by Eric Clapton to join Derek and the Dominos, but that he joined Santana instead, performing on the albums Santana III and Caravanserai. According to Bobby Whitlock,

<mask> also played in the band Azteca. In 1973, he, Gregg Rolie and manager Herbie Herbert co-founded the Golden Gate Rhythm Section, which had later been re-named to Journey after a suggestion by roadie John Villaneuva. <mask>'s guitar style is influenced by guitarists such as B.B. King, Albert King, Robert Johnson, Muddy Waters, John Lee Hooker, Jeff Beck, Eric Clapton, Carlos Santana, Jimmy Page and Jimmy Green.In addition to his nine solo albums and fourteen studio albums with Journey,

masks:
Neal Joseph Schon
Schon
Neal George Joseph Schon
Barbara Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon


title: Neal Schon

texts:
 <mask>'s work also includes: a pair of albums with keyboardist Jan Hammer, short-term collaborations with Sammy Hagar (HSAS and Planet Us) and Paul Rodgers, stints with Bad English (a supergroup that featured Journey's Jonathan Cain and Deen Castronovo and Cain's former Babys bandmates John Waite and Ricky Phillips) and Hardline (which also featured Castronovo). Even as Journey's latest lineup plays to a still-faithful body of fans, <mask> has immersed himself in side projects such as Piranha Blues (1999); "Black Soup Cracker", a funk outfit that features former Prince associates Rosie Gaines and Michael Bland; and Soul SirkUS with Jeff Scott Soto. <mask> can be heard on other albums including three tracks on Michael Bolton's The Hunger, with the Schon sound most recognizable on "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay". He also joined Larry Graham to play in an all-star band for cult funk artist and ex-wife of Miles Davis, Betty Davis. In addition, <mask> (along with then Journey manager Herbie Herbert) also contributed to Lenny White's 1977 album Big City, specifically the instrumental jam "And We Meet Again". On February 9, 2018, Schon played a charity show at San Francisco's The Independent, benefiting North Bay Fire Relief. The group recruited featured former Journey drummer Deen Castronovo (who also sang some of the vocals), former Journey keyboardist Gregg Rolie and bassist Marco Mendoza of The Dead Daisies.In 2019, <mask> announced a tour to be called <mask>'s Journey Through Time. The tour was slated to feature Castronovo, Rolie and Mendoza. Guitars
<mask>'s first guitar was an acoustic Stella,

masks:
Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon
Neal Schon
Schon


title: Neal Schon

texts:
 followed two years later by a Gibson ES-335. When the 335 was stolen, he replaced it with a '56 Les Paul Goldtop reissue that he used for many years. <mask> has used Gibson guitars over the years, having also used Fender and Ovation guitars during Journey's Departure tour. He had a limited edition signature Les Paul model called the <mask> Signature Model Custom Les Paul, of which Gibson made only 35, according to the Gibson Custom website (80 according to <mask>'s website). He has previously employed Godin guitars on his 1995 solo album Beyond the Thunder, and more recently uses Paul Reed Smith guitars.In the late 1980s, <mask> manufactured (through Jackson Guitars and later Larrivee) and played his own line of guitars. Simply named <mask>, about 200 of the Jackson-produced models were made. As of 2008, <mask> currently prefers guitar pedals from Xotic, a Vox Satriani model and occasionally uses a Buddy Guy wah pedal. Personal life

In September 2011, <mask> publicly confirmed he was in a relationship with Michaele Salahi. The two said they had dated years previously in the 1990s and were very happy together. On October 14, 2012, <mask> proposed to Salahi onstage during a charity concert at the Lyric Opera House in Baltimore, Maryland, offering her an oval 11.42 carat diamond engagement ring. The couple married on December 15, 2013 in a live broadcast wedding that was held in the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco, California.The marriage is <mask>'s fifth and Salahi's second. <mask> has confirmed that he has tinnitus which causes constant ringing in the ears, common in musicians who have toured

masks:
Schon
Neal Schon
Neal Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon
Schon


title: Candice Wiggins

texts:
<mask> (born February 14, 1987) is an American former professional basketball player. <mask> played college basketball at Stanford University, where she graduated as the all-time leading scorer in Stanford and Pac-10 women's basketball history. Throughout her playing career, <mask> played for the Minnesota Lynx, Tulsa Shock, Los Angeles Sparks and New York Liberty of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and has played overseas in Spain and Greece. <mask> has won a WNBA championship (2011) and a WNBA Sixth Woman of the Year (2008). Early life
<mask> was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1987 where her father, <mask>, played Major League Baseball for the Baltimore Orioles. After playing for the Orioles, her father,  with wife Angela, son Alan Jr., and daughters Cassandra and <mask> moved back to the San Diego, California area, where he had previously played for the San Diego Padres. When <mask> was three years of age, she was hit by a car backing out of a driveway and almost lost one of her eyes.When <mask> was in the first grade, she scored 30 points playing against fourth graders in basketball. By the time she was in fifth grade, she had to play on boys' teams so she could play at a competitive level. <mask>' father died of AIDS when <mask> was only four years old. "It was a scary time. No one would talk about it," <mask> recalls. "A young girl wants to know about her Dad dying of AIDS. But it was taboo," she said.<mask> has partnered with Until There's A Cure (UTAC), a non-profit organization that raises awareness and funds to combat AIDS through the sale of The Bracelet. High school career
<mask> attended La Jolla Country Day School in La Jolla, California for high school. She was a four-year letter-winner in both volleyball and basketball. In all four years of high school she was named CIF Division IV Player of the year for basketball. <mask> was a McDonald's All-American as a Senior. She also led La Jolla

masks:
Candice Dana Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Candice Wiggins
Alan Wiggins
Candice
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins


title: Candice Wiggins

texts:
 Country Day to the state championship game in each of her four seasons, winning it twice. She also captained the United States Junior National Team that won gold.Many high school recruiting services listed her as the best shooting guard in the nation and a top five player in the Class of 2004. College career

Freshman year
When <mask> came to Stanford University she was offered a scholarship for both basketball and volleyball. As a freshman on the basketball team, <mask> led Stanford to a 32–3 record and an Elite Eight appearance. She averaged 17.5 points per game and was named both the Pac-10 Conference Freshman of the Year and Player of The Year. This was the first time in the conference history that a freshman won the Player of the Year Award. <mask>, along with Georgia's Tasha Humphrey, was named National Co-Freshman of the Year. She made second team All-American and was a Kodak All-American, the only freshman on either list.Sophomore year
During her sophomore year, <mask> led Stanford to a 26–8 record and another Elite Eight appearance where they lost to LSU. She averaged 21.8 points per game and made 90 three-pointers over the course of the season. She was again named Pac-10 Player of The Year and Second team All-American, as well as Kodak All-American. Junior year
As a junior, <mask> led Stanford to a 29–5 record and a No. 2 seed in the NCAA Tournament, but the Cardinal were upset in Round 2 by Florida State, 68–61. She missed 5 games due to ankle and hamstring injuries, but averaged 16.9 points per game. Devanei Hampton of Cal won the Pac-10 Player of the Year Award this season.However, <mask> was the only Pac-10 Player to be a Kodak All-American as she again made second team. <mask> played for the USA team in the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The team won all five games, earning the gold medal for the event. Senior year
In her senior season, Stanford started the season ranked No. 8 but moved up

masks: Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins


title: Candice Wiggins

texts:
 the polls with victories over No. 3 Rutgers (thanks to <mask> hitting 2 free throws with 0.1 seconds left), and No. 10 Baylor.On January 31, 2008, <mask> scored 18 points in a win over USC at Maples Pavilion and passed Kate Starbird as the all-time leading scorer in Stanford women's basketball history. On March 2, 2008, she scored 24 points against Washington State to pass Lisa Leslie as the all-time leading scorer in Pac-10 women's basketball history. She was named the Pac-10 Player of The Year for the 2007–2008 season, the third time she had received the award. On March 24, 2008, <mask> scored a career-high 44 points, pulled down 10 rebounds, and dished out eight assists in an 88–54 win over UTEP as Stanford advanced to the Sweet Sixteen of the 2008 NCAA tournament. A week later, her 41 points propelled Stanford to its first Final Four appearance since 1997, where they would reach the final before losing to the University of Tennessee. During the NCAA Tournament, <mask> became the only player in NCAA women's basketball history to score 40 or more points in multiple NCAA Tournament games. <mask> is one of only seven women's basketball players to have been a four-time All American.On April 4, 2008, <mask> was awarded the Lowe's Senior CLASS Award. The following day, <mask> was awarded the Wade Trophy as the best women's college basketball player in NCAA Division I.

<mask> is a member of Delta Sigma Theta sorority, and became a member of the Omicron Chi Chapter in Spring 2007. She graduated from Stanford with a degree in communications in the spring of 2008. College statistics
Source

WNBA career

Early career (2008-2010)
<mask> was chosen by the Minnesota Lynx as the third overall pick in the 2008 WNBA Draft. On May 18, 2008, <mask> played in her first WNBA game. She scored 15 points, pulled down 4 rebounds, had four steals, and dished out four assists as the Lynx defeated the Detroit Shock, 84–70. <mask> was named WNBA

masks: Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins


title: Candice Wiggins

texts:
 Rookie of the Month for the month of June 2008.She suffered an injury during the first quarter of a July 24, 2008 game against the Indiana Fever. She was removed from the court in a wheelchair. <mask> went on to win the 2008 WNBA Sixth Woman of the Year Award and was also named to the WNBA All-Rookie Team after averaging a career-high 15.7 ppg off the bench for the Lynx. In her second season, <mask> became the starting point guard for the Lynx. On June 29, 2009, <mask> was awarded the Player of the Week Award for the Western Conference. In the 2010 season, <mask> was moved back to the bench as a backup point guard after the Lynx traded for all-star Lindsay Whalen. In June 2010, <mask> ruptured her Achilles tendon with just eight seconds remaining in a game against the New York Liberty; the injury ended her season after eight games.Later career and WNBA championship (2011-2016)
<mask> returned to action in 2011 as a primary backup at the guard position. The Lynx were much improved, and in September, <mask> saw the first playoff action of her career. In October 2011, <mask> won her first WNBA championship after the Lynx defeated the Atlanta Dream in the Finals. On March 1, 2013, <mask> was traded to the Tulsa Shock in a three-team deal. <mask> signed with the Los Angeles Sparks on April 2, 2014. On March 9, 2015, <mask> signed with the New York Liberty. Retirement
On March 22, 2016, <mask> announced her retirement from the WNBA after eight seasons.Despite being only 29 years old and without a career-threatening injury, <mask> expressed in a letter about her retirement that she was ready to move on from playing professional basketball. In a 2017 interview with The San Diego Union-Tribune, <mask> revealed more about what led her to retire from basketball. Calling the league's culture "very, very harmful" and "toxic to me", she alleged that she had been bullied on the court throughout her WNBA career for being heterosexual and

masks: Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins


title: Candice Wiggins

texts:
 nationally popular. <mask> added, "I wanted to play two more seasons of WNBA, but the experience didn’t lend itself to my mental state." During the interview, she remarked:Me being heterosexual and straight, and being vocal in my identity as a straight woman was huge. I would say 98 percent of the women in the WNBA are gay women. It was a conformist type of place.There was a whole different set of rules they (the other players) could apply." <mask>' remarks led to a major backlash from many WNBA players and other sports figures, but she largely stood by them. She did clarify her "98 percent" remark, saying: "It was my way to illustrate the isolation that I felt personally. I felt like the 2 percent versus the 98 percent." USA Basketball
<mask> was a member of the USA Women's U18 team which won the gold medal at the FIBA Americas Championship in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. The event was held in August 2004, when the USA team defeated Puerto Rico to win the championship. <mask> was the third leading scorer for the team, averaging 15.2 points per game.<mask> continued with the team as it became the U19 team, and competed in the 2005 U19 World Championships in Tunis, Tunisia. The USA team won all eight games, winning the gold medal. <mask> was the second leading scorer for the team, averaging 15.8 points per game and was second on the team for steals with 16. U.S. National Team
<mask> was invited to try out for the United States Senior National Team and was named as an injury replacement or alternate. Along with Candace Parker and Courtney Paris, she was one of the only college players to be named to the team. She spent the summer of 2007 playing in Chile with different United States National teams and was eventually named United States Basketball Female Athlete of The Year for 2007. <mask> was invited to the USA Basketball Women's National Team training camp in the fall of 2009.The team selected to play for the 2010 FIBA World

masks: Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins


title: Candice Wiggins

texts:
 Championship and the 2012 Olympics is usually chosen from these participants. At the conclusion of the training camp, the team will travel to Ekaterinburg, Russia, where they compete in the 2009 UMMC Ekaterinburg International Invitational. In 2011, <mask> was again chosen for the national team initial training camps, from which USA Basketball would select the team to represent the US in the 2012 Olympics, though <mask> was ultimately not selected for the senior national team. Sports diplomacy
In September 2013 and November 2014, <mask> traveled to Nicaragua and then Chile as a SportsUnited Sports Envoy for the U.S. Department of State. In this function, she worked with Jennifer Lacy and Alex English to conduct basketball clinics and events for more than 850 youth and women from underserved areas. See also
 2008 WNBA Draft

References

External links
 Stanford Univ. Athletic Profile

1987 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
All-American college women's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in Greece
American expatriate basketball people in Spain
American women's basketball players
Basketball players at the 2007 Pan American Games
Delta Sigma Theta members
Guards (basketball)
Los Angeles Sparks players
McDonald's High School All-Americans
Minnesota Lynx draft picks
Minnesota Lynx players
New York Liberty players
Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States
Pan American Games medalists in basketball
Parade High School All-Americans (girls' basketball)
Ros Casares Valencia players
Stanford Cardinal women's basketball players
The Challenge (TV series) contestants
Tulsa Shock players
Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games
Basketball players from Baltimore
Basketball players from San Diego
21st-century African-American sportspeople
21st-century African-American women
20th-century African-American people
20th-century African-American women
United States women's national

masks: Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins


title: Charles Lucien Bonaparte

texts:
<mask>, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano (24 May 1803 – 29 July 1857), was a French biologist and ornithologist. <mask> and his wife had twelve children, including Cardinal <mask>. Life and career
<mask> was the son of <mask> and Alexandrine de Bleschamp. <mask> was a younger brother of  Napoleon I, making <mask> the emperor’s nephew. Born in Paris, he was raised in Italy. On 29 June 1822, he married his cousin, Zénaïde, in Brussels. Soon after the marriage, the couple left for Philadelphia in the United States to live with Zénaïde's father, <mask> (who was also the paternal uncle of <mask>).Before leaving Italy, Carlo had already discovered a warbler new to science, the moustached warbler, and on the voyage he collected specimens of a new storm-petrel. On arrival in the United States, he presented a paper on this new bird, which was later named after Alexander Wilson. <mask> then set about studying the ornithology of the United States and updating Wilson's Ornithology or History of the Birds of the United States. The revised edition was published between 1825 and 1833. His other publications included "Observations on the Nomenclature of Wilson's Ornithology" (in the Journal of the Philadelphia Academy) and "Synopsis of the Birds of the United States" (in the Annals of the Lyceum of New York). In 1824, <mask> tried to get the then unknown John James Audubon accepted by the Academy of Natural Sciences, but this was opposed by the ornithologist George Ord who disliked Audubon's dramatic bird poses and considered him to be a "a back-country upstart who romanticized his subject matter," according to the Audubon Galleries. At the end of 1826, <mask> and his family returned to Europe.He visited Germany, where he met Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar, and England, where he met

masks:
Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte
Lucien
Lucien Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Lucien Bonaparte
Lucien
Charles
Joseph Bonaparte
Charles
Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Bonaparte


title: Charles Lucien Bonaparte

texts: John Edward Gray at the British Museum, and renewed his acquaintance with Audubon. In 1828, the family settled in Rome. In Italy, he was the originator of several scientific congresses, and lectured and wrote extensively on American and European ornithology and other branches of natural history. Between 1832 and 1841, <mask> published his work on the animals of Italy, Iconografia della Fauna Italica. He had also published Specchio Comparativo delle Ornithologie di Roma e di Filadelfia (Pisa, 1827), presenting a comparison between birds of the latitude of Philadelphia and Italian species. He created the genus Zenaida, after his wife, for the mourning dove and its relatives. He was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1845.In 1840, he became Prince of Canino and Musignano after his father's death and became involved in politics, particularly the anti-Austrian party which he joined in 1848. He did not, however, lose interest in his favourite studies for he organized and presided over several scientific congresses in Italy. In 1849, he was elected to the Roman Assembly and participated in the creation of the Roman Republic. According to Jasper Ridley, when the Assembly convened for the first time: "When the name of <mask>, who was a member for Viterbo, was called, he replied to the roll-call by calling out Long live the Republic!" (Viva la Repubblica!). He participated in the defense of Rome against the 40,000 French troops sent by his cousin Louis Napoleon. He left Rome after the Republican army was defeated in July 1849.He landed at Marseilles, but was ordered to leave the country by Louis Napoleon. He reaffirmed his political beliefs the following year in naming Wilson's bird-of-paradise (Cicinnurus respublica) in honor of the republican idea. He

masks:
Bonaparte
Carlo Bonaparte


title: Charles Lucien Bonaparte

texts:
 travelled to the United Kingdom, attending the meeting of the British Association in Birmingham. He then visited Sir William Jardine in southern Scotland. <mask> then began work on preparing a methodical classification of all the birds in the world, visiting museums across Europe to study the collections. In 1850, he was allowed to return to France and made Paris his home for the rest of his life. In 1854, he became director of the Jardin des Plantes.In 1855, he was made a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He published the first volume of his Conspectus Generum Avium before his death, the second volume being edited by Hermann Schlegel. <mask> also studied amphibians and reptiles, and is the author of Vipera ursinii, commonly known as Orsini's viper. <mask> was extremely prolific and is responsible for coining Latin names for a large number of bird species. As of August 2019, in the online list of birds maintained by Frank Gill and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC), <mask> is credited as the authority for 165 genera, 203 species and 262 subspecies. <mask> <mask> died in Paris at age 54. In the Luigi Magni's film In the Name of the Sovereign People (1990), <mask> is played by Carlo Croccolo.Honours
 1823: Member of the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia. 1845: Member of the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium. Family
<mask> and Princess Zénaïde <mask> had twelve children, listed below:

Works
 American Ornithology, or, The Natural History of Birds Inhabiting the United States, not given by Wilson (4 vols., Philadelphia, 1825-1833). This work contains more than 100 new species discovered by <mask>. Conspectus Generum Avium (Leyden, 1850)
 Revue critique de

masks:
Charles
Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Lucien Charles
Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Prince Charles
Bonaparte
Bonaparte


title: Charles Lucien Bonaparte

texts:
 l'ornithologie Européenne (Brussels, 1850)
 Monographie des loxiens (Leyden, 1850) in collaboration with H. Schlegel
 Catalogue des oiseaux d'Europe (Paris, 1856)
 Memoirs (New York, 1836)

In conjunction with M. de Pouancé, he also prepared descriptive catalogue of pigeons and one of parrots which were published after his death. Among his papers published are:
 “Observations on the Nomenclature of Wilson's ‘Ornithology,’” Journal of the Academy of Philadelphia
 “Synopsis of the Birds of the United States,” Annals of the Lyceum of New York
 “Catalogue of the Birds of the United States,” Contributions of the Maclurian Lyceum of Philadelphia

He published several scientific papers on ornithological topics in the Bolognese journal Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali, as Carlo Luciano <mask>. See also
:Category:Taxa named by <mask> <mask>
as <mask> described over 500 species.Legacy
Several birds are named after him:
<mask>'s gull - Chroicocephalus philadelphia
<mask>'s nightjar - Caprimulgus concretus
<mask>'s parakeet - Pyrrhura lucianii
Highland tinamou Nothocercus bonapartei
The Napoleon snake eel Ophichthus bonaparti, also known as the Napoleon Eel, the Purplebanded Snake Eel, or the Saddled snake-eel is named after him. References

Bibliography

 Stroud, Patricia Tyson - The Emperor of Nature. <mask>-<mask> and his World
 Mearns, Barbara and Richard - Biographies for Birdwatchers
 Ridley, Jasper - Garibaldi Viking Press (1976)

External links

Zoologica Göttingen State and University Library

French ornithologists
French taxonomists
1803 births
1857 deaths
<mask> <mask>
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Members of the American Antiquarian Society
Members of the Royal Academy of Belgium
<mask>
<mask> <mask>
19th-century French

masks:
Bonaparte
Charles Lucien
Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Bonaparte
Charles
Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien
Bonaparte
Charles Lucien
Charles Lucien
Bonaparte