title: Irena Turkevycz-Martynec

texts:
 1930, she went to Berlin, where her sister Stefania lived at that time, and <mask> studied for three years at the Berlin University of the Arts with Professor Weissenborn (Вайсенборн) who worked with students of the likes of Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau. She learned voice control in the Berlin State Opera, and completed her drama schooling at the Hochschule für Musik. In 1933 <mask> moved to Prague where her sister, Stefania, now taught piano and was an accompanist at the Prague Conservatory. <mask> took vocal lessons with professors at the Prague Conservatory and sang in the Prague Opera. Career

<mask> married the politician, Volodymyr Martynec  and followed him where his work took them, and resourcefully found herself singing in cities across Europe. This nomadic life lasted for 12 years. In the summer of 1942, <mask> returned to Lviv with her husband, where she was invited to join the Lviv Theatre of Opera and Ballet.From 1942 to 1944, she sang these roles in the following operas:

In the summer of 1943, <mask>, along with the coloratura soprano Nina Shevchenko and the baritone Mikhail Olkhov, did a large concert tour of the cities and villages of Galicia. Her voice was often heard on Lviv Radio. Her husband, a politician, was aware of the changing landscape that the war was bringing in its wake. In the spring of 1944, <mask> and a group from the Lviv opera, packed and headed west for Germany just weeks before the Soviet army's arrival. <mask> became a leader of the opera ensembles "Duma" (Дума) in Karlsbad (Baden), and "Orlik" (Орлик) in Berchtesgaden, Germany. These collectives put on, along with other works, the operas: Natalka Poltavka (Наталка Полтавка) by Mykola Lysenko, and Drowned  (Утоплена) a lyric-fantastic opera

masks: Irena Irena Irena Irena Irena Irena Irena Irena


title: Irena Turkevycz-Martynec

type: original

texts:
 again by the Ukrainian composer Mykola Lysenko, the libretto written by the Ukrainian writer and playwright Mykhailo Starytsky  from Nikolai Gogol's story May Night from the collection Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka. On January 28, 1946, in the camp for displaced persons located near Augsburg, Germany an organization called "The Association of Ukrainian Stage Artists"  (Об’єднання мистців української сцени) was created, and <mask> was on the board, along with: V. Blavatsky, Y. Barnych, E. Kuril, S. Kryzhanivsky and T. Fedorovich.Canada
In 1949 <mask> immigrated to Canada and settled in Winnipeg. Her husband took the post of editor of the newspaper "New Pathway" (Новий шлях),  and <mask> became a member of the "Renaissance" (Ренесанс) theater. In 1960, <mask> became very active working with children's opera in Winnipeg at the Canadian-Ukrainian Institute Prosvita, on Pritchard Avenue and Arlington Street, in the city's North-End. Her musical company rehearsed at The Ukrainian National Home Association building on McGregor St. and Burrows Ave. Her very presence attracted a talented group of musicians, choreographers, and set and costume people. She became the nucleus for an ensemble of gifted children whom she began to mentor. She was known to the kids as Pani Martynec (Пані Мартинець).In 1964, they performed Mykola Lysenko's Koza Dereza (Коза-Дереза). In 1965, the cast performed The Snow Queen (Зимова Краля)  by Mykola Lysenko. Both Koza Dereza and The Snow Queen were staged at the Pantages Playhouse Theatre in Winnipeg. In 1967, her musical troupe traveled from Winnipeg by train to Montreal to perform Koza Dereza at the International and Universal Exposition (Expo 67) which was also being held to celebrate Canada's centennial

masks: Irena Irena Irena Irena


title: Irena Turkevycz-Martynec

texts:
 year. From Montreal, the performers were bused to Ottawa for an encore concert. Legacy
The Ukrainian Canadian Congress presented the Shevchenko Medal to <mask> on October 7, 1977 in Winnipeg. Many of the young people in her company carried on her spirit when they grew up.<mask> Welhasch (Baerg), who played the crab in Koza Dereza, went on to a career in opera herself, performing on stages of major opera houses across North America. Genia Blum, a dancer, writer and translator, who danced the role of Lada in Snow Queen, studied at the Royal Winnipeg Ballet School, danced professionally in Europe under her maiden name Eugenia Snihurowycz, and founded a ballet studio in Lucerne, Switzerland, where she continues to support the arts through a dance foundation named after her mother, Daria Nyzankiwska. Russell Mychajluk (Mitchell), who played the rabbit in Koza Dereza, went on to write and produce music for the pop charts, for television, and for theatre. Myroslav (Slavko) Klymkiw, who played the bear in Koza Dereza, went on to become Head of Network Programming for the C.B.C. Still others, from her musical group, became facilitators and administrators in cultural institutions in Canada. <mask> Turkevycz-Martynec died July 5, 1983 in Winnipeg. References

Bibliography
 Marunchak, Michael, H. The Ukrainian Canadians: A History, Winnipeg, Ottawa: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, 1970.External links
Obituary for <mask> Turkevycz-Martynec
Gravesite of Irene Martynec

1899 births
1983 deaths
Ukrainian operatic sopranos
Ukrainian Austro-Hungarians
Ukrainian emigrants to Canada
Ukrayinska Besida Theatre
University of Lviv alumni
Lviv Conservatory alumni
20th-century Ukrainian women opera singers
People from Brody
People from the


title: Travis Fulton

texts:
<mask> (May 29, 1977 – July 10, 2021) was an American mixed martial artist and a professional boxer in the heavyweight division of both sports. Known as a longtime veteran in mixed martial arts, he competed in over 300 sanctioned bouts and while he was perhaps best known for competing in smaller US-based promotions, he also competed in the UFC, the WEC, Pancrase, the Chicago Red Bears of the IFL, King of the Cage, RINGS, and Oktagon MMA. He also holds the record for the most sanctioned mixed martial arts bouts, with 320 bouts; in addition to that, he also holds the most wins in mixed martial arts history (255). On February 17, 2021, <mask> was charged with possession of child pornography, as well as the sexual exploitation of a child. He later committed suicide while in custody. <mask> was born in Waterloo, Iowa and raised in Cedar Falls, Iowa. His father worked for the John Deere company and was eventually laid off, sending the family to deep poverty.In school, <mask> was seriously bullied, up to a point where he contrived a plan to kill his tormentors and subsequently himself. However, success in multiple sports made him popular: <mask> began wrestling when he was in elementary school, following his older brother's footsteps. <mask> was also a skilled baseball player and later attended Cedar Falls High School, where he was a state competitor in wrestling, but was kicked off the team several times for skipping classes. He was also a Golden Gloves boxer and a second-degree black belt in American Kenpo. <mask> fell in love with the sport of mixed martial arts after seeing UFC 3 on pay per view. At the age of 18, <mask> took up submission fighting and later trained with Miletich Fighting Systems led by legendary coach and fellow Iowa native Pat Miletich. Mixed martial arts career
<mask> has fought more documented MMA matches than any other fighter, racking up over 300 fights in just over 15 years.He debuted on July 26, 1996, when he was 19 years old against Dave Strasser in an event entitled

masks:
Travis Jon Fulton
Fulton
Background Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton


title: Travis Fulton

texts: "Gladiators". He lost by submission via a rear naked choke. Within just over two years of his debut, he had fought 50 Vale Tudo fights including five fights across two tournaments in one month in September 1997, compiling a record of 37-11-2 in that span. He won the World Vale Tudo Heavyweight Championship at a Tournament in Brazil in 1998. <mask> fought over 40 professional mixed martial Arts bouts in 1998 alone. He won 10 tournaments including the prestigious WVC in Brazil. <mask> also defeated undefeated Super Brawl champion Kawika Pa'alhui in Hawaii in August 1998.He fought to a draw against Ikuhisa Minowa in Japan in October 1998. By early 1999, at just 22 years old, <mask> was recognized as one of the top young Vale Tudo fighters in the United States and was invited to fight at UFC 20, where he lost to Pete Williams by submission via an armbar. He returned at UFC 21, defeating David Dodd via a unanimous decision, though it was the last time he was to fight in the UFC. <mask> was scheduled to compete in UFC 23 against Scott Addams, but was sidelined with a broken hand just six days prior to the event. In 2008 <mask> was chosen to appear in The Ultimate Fighter reality series, but was unable to make weight in time for filming. While posting a winning record 2001-05 were dogged by losses to up-and-coming fighters that went on to become top-level UFC fighters, such as Renato Sobral, Ricco Rodriguez, Evan Tanner, Dan Severn, Rich Franklin, Forrest Griffin, Ian Freeman, Jeremy Horn, Branden Lee Hinkle, and Ben Rothwell. <mask> has thrived in many MMA organizations.He won the International Fighting Championships (IFC) world title 3 times, and has also won 3 tournaments in the organization. His only IFC losses were to Matt Lindland by choke at 22:13 (although <mask> submitted Lindland via armbar submission less than 2 minutes into their fight, but Lindland protested and <mask> agreed to continue the match) and Vladimir Matyushenko by choke at 15:33. <mask> competed in the main event of World Extreme

masks: Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton


title: Travis Fulton

texts:
 Cagefighting (WEC)'s debut event in June 2001 and lost a decision to UFC Hall of Famer Dan Severn. <mask> returned to compete in IFL Chicago in May 2007 when he took on IFL Heavyweight Champion Ben Rothwell. <mask> took the fight on a week's notice, but gave Rothwell his greatest challenge to date in the IFL organization before losing via kimura in round 2. <mask> fought former UFC Heavyweight Champion Andrei Arlovski at ProElite 2 in November 2011 and lost via a head kick KO with only one second remaining in the fight. The bout served as the co-main event.<mask> has been the #1 ranked heavyweight in Iowa for nearly a decade now. He currently holds the Iowa Challenge, Cedar Valley Fighting Championships, and ISKA Mid West Muay Thai Heavyweight Championship titles. On April 4, 2019 <mask> captured the M-1 Global Super Fight World title when he defeated Shannon Ritch in Winterhaven, California. <mask> holds the record for the most mixed martial arts fights in history. Shannon Ritch is second only to <mask> in number of mixed martial arts fights. ISCF - International Sport Combat Federation
<mask> won the ISCF Pro Super Heavyweight United States Title on August 8, 1999, in Tempe, Arizona, when he defeated Dan Chase by knockout at :40 of round 1. Iowa Challenge
In August 2012, <mask> competed at Iowa Challenge 69, facing Brad Scholten.He won the fight via split decision. After being inactive from MMA, <mask> returned to face Ryan Scheeper at Iowa Challenge 80 in March 2013, which he won by submission strikes. <mask> returned to Iowa Challenge in August 2013, where he faced Blake Breitspreacher, and won by TKO. Boxing career
In parallel to his MMA career, <mask> has also boxed professionally since 1999, mainly on the Midwestern circuit, often serving as a trial horse for up-and coming fighters such as Tye Fields, Chris Koval, Brian Minto, David Rodriguez, Albert Sosnowski, Chauncy Welliver, <mask>, Alonzo Butler, and Steve Collins (not the famous Irish boxer). While not as prolific as his MMA career, he

masks:
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Travis Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Travis Walker


title: Travis Fulton

texts:
 had 75 professional boxing matches, racking up a record of 25 wins against 48 losses and 2 draw, with twenty-three of his wins coming by way of knockout. <mask> always expressed he felt his boxing career was his more impressive record than his MMA because he felt boxing was the more difficult sport. Personal life
<mask> lived alone in rural Iowa and has three children, two with his on and off again ex and one unplanned surprise.He wrote his autobiography in 2017, which remains unpublished and with his website administrator. Federal child pornography charges
On February 17, 2021, <mask> was charged with possession of child pornography, as well as the sexual exploitation of a child. Per the charging document, <mask> had attempted to get a minor under the age of 18 to "engage in sexually explicit conduct for the purpose of producing visual depictions of such conduct" and was also accused of receiving and attempting to receive child pornography via "interstate and foreign commerce". He was alleged to have possessed and attempted to possess child pornography through a USB drive transported across state lines between November 2018 and November 2020. If convicted, <mask> would have faced up to 70 years in prison. According to court records, <mask> made his first court appearance on February 19 with the United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa in Cedar Rapids. He pleaded not guilty to one count of sexual exploitation of a child, one count of possession of child pornography, and one count of receipt of child pornography.His webmaster and Facebook administrator, prior to shutting off his page, reiterated that he insisted prior to his incarceration he was innocent and that he felt someone was out to use him for political gain. Death
While in custody for the child pornography charges, <mask>, age 44, was found dead by deputies at the Linn County Jail on the morning of July 10, 2021. The cause of death was suicide by hanging. An investigation into his death is underway, with an autopsy

masks: Travis Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton Fulton


title: Murder of Kathy Bonney

texts:
On November 21, 1987, 19-year-old <mask> was killed by her father Tom in Camden County, North Carolina. The case gained media attention not only due to the brutal manner in which the killing had been carried out, but also because <mask> pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity on the grounds that he suffered from dissociative identity disorder and that an evil personality state was in control at the time of the killing. The book Deadly Whispers by Ted Schwarz and a television movie of the same name are based on the case. Background
<mask> (born c. 1943) lived in Chesapeake, Virginia, where he ran an auto salvage yard. According to his defense attorneys, <mask>'s childhood had been a troubled one, as he suffered physical abuse at the hands of his father. Bonney and his wife Dorothy had six children, the oldest of whom were <mask> (August 6, 1968 – November 21, 1987) and Susan Christine (born 1972). <mask> described her father as strict and controlling, saying he never allowed his children to date.A former business partner of <mask>'s described him as having a poor memory and being susceptible to mood swings concerning religious topics. Near the time of <mask>'s death, he had noticed <mask> acting strange. According to him, <mask> had a love-hate relationship with his father. Sequence of events
On November 21, 1987, some time after 7 p.m., <mask> left the family home with his daughter <mask>, ostensibly to look at a truck which was for sale. <mask>'s sister Susan saw Tom and <mask> in the car at a nearby 7-Eleven store and driving away soon after. Bonney drove across the North Carolina state border; he would later state that the killing had taken place in North Carolina. According to his defense attorneys, an argument between father and daughter over her lover ensued, in which <mask> swore at her father and reached for a gun he carried in his vehicle, which went off.Her comments caused him to have a flashback to his childhood, and a personality referred to as “Demian” took control of him. <mask> shot his daughter 27 times and dumped her body alongside the Dismal Swamp Canal. After about

masks:
Kathy Bonney
Tom Bonney
Thomas Lee Bonney
Tom Bonney
Kathy Carol
Susan Bonney
Tom Bonney
Kathy
Tom Bonney
Tom Bonney
Tom Bonney
Kathy
Kathy
Kathy
Kathy
Tom Bonney


title: Murder of Kathy Bonney

texts:
 two hours <mask> returned home alone and asked if anyone knew where <mask> was. Susan went out to the 7-Eleven store to look for <mask>; <mask> did not participate in the search. Investigation
On the morning of November 22, <mask> reported <mask> missing at the Chesapeake police department. He upheld his narrative of the previous evening, claiming that he had taken <mask> to the 7-Eleven store to meet a man <mask> knew, named John, who wanted to sell his Chevrolet Blazer. <mask> had gone for a test drive with him around 9:00 p.m. and never returned.<mask> stated he did not grow suspicious until the next morning, as his daughter had stayed out all night once before. Police told him that, since <mask> was an adult, a missing-person report could only be filed after 24 hours. <mask> phoned the police again shortly before 7 p.m., stating <mask> was still missing. An officer went to the <mask>s’ home, and <mask> repeated his version of the events. <mask>'s nude body was found around 3:00 p.m., on the outskirts of Elizabeth City near the Dismal Swamp Canal along U.S. Route 17 in Camden County, just over the state line from Chesapeake. A blood-stained undergarment with a ripped bottom was found near her body. Her face was so badly disfigured that she could only be identified through her fingerprints.The autopsy identified a total of 27 gunshot wounds to <mask>'s head, torso and legs, some of which had been inflicted after death. Her body showed no evidence of sexual activity. The blood stains on the clothes found with the body matched <mask>'s blood type. A search of <mask>'s room revealed a letter to her lover, some adult magazines and a pair of handcuffs. <mask> helped police prepare a composite of the alleged suspect and upheld his version of the events on November 21 for several weeks. However, police noted inconsistencies in his statements: on some occasions he claimed to have driven his wrecker on the night of November 21, on others he stated he had driven his Chevrolet. He furthermore claimed that his .22-caliber sawed-off rifle had been stolen from him a week prior to <mask>'s

masks:
Tom Bonney
Kathy
Kathy
Tom Bonney
Tom Bonney
Kathy
Kathy
Kathy
Kathy
Bonney
Kathy
Bonney
Kathy
Bonney
Bonney
Kathy Bonney
Kathy
Kathy
Kathy
Tom Bonney
Kathy


title: Murder of Kathy Bonney

texts:
 disappearance, and that he had sold the nine-shot .22 revolver.He also sold his Chevrolet in the days after <mask> disappeared, but reported seeing it again a few days later, prompting police to seize the car. In December 1987, <mask> told police that she had seen blood stains in her father's car the night <mask> disappeared, and that she was afraid of her father. Police indeed found blood stains which matched <mask>'s blood type. Traces of <mask>'s hair were found in the rear and trunk of the Chevrolet. <mask> fled on December 11, while <mask> went into hiding out of fear of him, and Social Services officials took custody of the family's other children. Bonney was apprehended in Indianapolis on January 31, 1988, and taken to North Carolina. He began a series of interviews with psychologist Dr. Paul Dell in July 1988, who diagnosed him with dissociative identity disorder, along with post-traumatic stress disorder and mixed personality disorder.According to Dell, <mask>'s condition was the result of a psychological trauma he experienced at the death of his grandmother, when he was ten years old. Using hypnosis, Dell identified ten separate personalities in <mask>—Tom (the host personality), Satan, Mamie, Demian, Viking, Tommy, Hitman, Preacher, Dad, and <mask>—each of which had a function which enabled Bonney to cope with a trauma he had experienced. The interviews were videotaped. In one recording <mask> claimed that <mask> was still alive and visiting him every night in his prison cell. Trial
The first trial against <mask> began in Elizabeth City, North Carolina, on October 17, 1988. Much of the court proceedings revolved around his mental state, and videotapes of his sessions with Dell were presented as evidence. His court-appointed attorneys contended he was not guilty by reason of insanity as he suffered from dissociative identity disorder.At the time of the killing, a personality referred to as “Demian”, characterized by blind rage, had been in control and believed he was shooting <mask>'s abusive father. According to Dell, Bonney was incapable of understanding his actions or

masks:
Kathy
Susan Bonney
Kathy
Kathy
Kathy
Tom Bonney
Dorothy Bonney
Bonney
Bonney
Kathy
Bonney
Kathy
Tom Bonney
Bonney


title: Murder of Kathy Bonney

texts: their consequences, and could not distinguish right from wrong at the time. Dr. Philip Coons, a psychiatrist appointed by the prosecution who had reviewed some 13 hours of video footage of <mask>'s sessions with Dell but had not interviewed Bonney and made no diagnosis, was critical of Dell's methods in multiple points. According to him, Dell had not conducted a proper psychiatric interview at the beginning, allowed <mask> to ramble, asked him leading questions and improperly suggested to Bonney that he might have other personalities while Bonney was under hypnosis. According to Coons, death of a family member was not sufficient to induce dissociative identity disorder, but the symptoms could have been created by hypnosis. A physician who had treated <mask> in hospital in early October 1988 testified that Bonney showed symptoms consistent with Dell's diagnosis. However, in his opinion Bonney did know the nature and quality of his act and the difference between right and wrong when he killed his daughter.A jury found <mask> guilty of first-degree murder on November 25, 1988, after a seven-week trial, and sentenced him to death on November 30. <mask> appealed the verdict, and the North Carolina Supreme Court voided the death sentence on June 12, 1991, although the murder conviction was upheld. The court found that the defense had presented strong evidence of mitigating factors, including a dissociative identity disorder, and that the jury in the original trial had been improperly instructed in its consideration of the death penalty. The case was remanded to the Superior Court, Camden County, pending psychiatric examination of Bonney. After <mask> was found competent to stand trial, the resentencing hearing began in Chowan Superior Court on August 24, 1992. As <mask>'s guilt had already been established, the new jury was only to fix the punishment. The hearing was aborted after an outburst by Bonney in the courtroom forced the judge to declare a mistrial.<mask>'s attorneys claimed he was incompetent to stand trial and did not understand the proceedings. The judge ordered a new round of

masks:
Bonney
Bonney
Bonney
Tom Bonney
Bonney
Bonney
Bonney
Bonney


title: Murder of Kathy Bonney

texts:
 psychiatric treatment for Bonney, suspending further proceedings until Bonney was declared competent to stand another trial. <mask> was eventually sentenced to life in prison by Camden County Superior Court on October 16, 2007. Aftermath
<mask> made a first escape attempt during his first trial. He jumped from the car in which he was being transported and ran for about 50 feet, still handcuffed, before he was apprehended. On July 29, 1994, around 8:30 am, <mask> and a fellow inmate escaped from Central Prison through a trash compacting chute and hid in a garbage truck. While it was initially speculated that both had been crushed to death in a trash compactor during their escape attempt, the two men had stolen a car and driven to Hampton Beach.<mask> was captured by police four days later, and offered no resistance. He explained the escape had been a spontaneous idea. His main motivation had been to visit the grave of his mother, who had died five years earlier while he was on death row and whose funeral he was unable to attend, and the grave of his daughter <mask>. After doing so, he wandered around the Ocean View area, and said that, had he not been apprehended, he would have turned himself in after a few days to get food and medication, as he had injured himself during his escape attempt. In the media
 Ted Schwarz's 1992 book Deadly Whispers is a documentary of the case, mainly based on court documents as neither Tom nor <mask> were available for interviews. The 1995 television movie Deadly Whispers was inspired by the book. Although the plot is fictional, it is very similar to the <mask> case.The case was also featured on episode 128 of American Justice, The Killer Within. It was also featured in the first season of Swamp Murders, Multiple Personalities. References

1968 births
1987 in North Carolina
1987 in Virginia
1987 murders in the United States
Crimes in North Carolina
Crimes in Virginia
Deaths by person in the United States
Female murder victims
Incidents of violence against women
Murder in North Carolina
November 1987 events in the United States
People murdered in North

masks:
Bonney
Tom Bonney
Bonney
Bonney
Kathy
Dorothy Bonney
Bonney


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts: <mask> "Lena" <mask> (; since her 2014 marriage legally <mask>; born 9 February 1987) is a retired German professional biathlete. She is the most successful woman of all time at Biathlon World Championships and a two-time Olympic gold medalist. At the age of 21, she became the youngest Overall World Cup winner in the history of the International Biathlon Union (IBU). With 34 World Cup wins, <mask> is ranked second all-time for career victories on the Biathlon World Cup tour. She has won the Overall World Cup title three times, in 2007–08, in 2009–10 and her final season in 2011–12. At only 25 years old, <mask> retired from the sport in March 2012, citing a lack of motivation and her desire for a normal life. Neuner started biathlon when she was nine years old and won five junior world championship titles from 2004 to 2006.She made her World Cup debut in 2006 and won her first World Cup race in January 2007. One month later, she claimed three gold medals in her first appearance at the Biathlon World Championships. In the 2007–08 season, Neuner won the Overall World Cup and once more claimed three titles at the 2008 World Championships. After a less successful winter in 2008–09, she participated in her first Winter Olympic Games in 2010, winning the gold medal in both the pursuit and the mass start, and silver in the sprint race. Neuner also claimed the 2009–10 Overall World Cup title. At the 2011 World Championships, she won three more gold medals. In her final winter on the World Cup tour, Neuner won two more titles at the 2012 World Championships and claimed the Overall World Cup for a third time.During her seven World Cup seasons, Neuner

masks:
Magdalena
Neuner
Magdalena Holzer
Neuner
Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 won 34 World Cup races and achieved 63 podium finishes. As part of Germany's World Cup team, she won ten relay races and three mixed relay events. During six appearances at Biathlon World Championships, Neuner claimed 17 medals: twelve gold, four silver and one bronze. In addition, she has won seven junior world championship titles. Neuner was known as one of the fastest cross-country skiers in biathlon. She had been noted for her volatile shooting performances in the standing position, particularly in the early years of her career, often at the expense of better results. Neuner has lived in the Bavarian village of Wallgau since birth.At the age of 16, she joined the German Customs Administration to become a member of the government-funded Customs-Ski-Team. Since winning three world championship gold medals in 2007, Neuner is one of her home country's most popular female athletes. She was named German Sportswoman of the Year in 2007, 2011 and 2012. Early life
<mask> was born in the German alpine resort town of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, the second of four children of bank clerk <mask> and his wife Margit. She has an elder brother Paul, and two younger siblings—her brother Christoph and her sister Anna. Her sister is also an aspiring biathlete who participates in junior competitions and is a member in the youth squad of the Bavarian Ski Association. Neuner grew up in the small Bavarian village of Wallgau, approximately  from Garmisch-Partenkirchen.She started alpine skiing when she was four years old and later tried various other winter sports at her hometown ski club SC Wallgau. At the age of 16, Neuner finished high school (Realschule) in

masks:
Magdalena Neuner
Paul Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 the 2005–06 season, Neuner made her first appearances in the Biathlon World Cup.Germany's women's national coach Uwe Müßiggang had already considered her for the team two years earlier, however, her parents and her hometown coaches Bernhard Kröll and Herbert Mayer were reluctant to let her start prematurely. On 13 January 2006, <mask> made her debut in the World Cup sprint race in Ruhpolding, Germany, where she substituted for the injured Uschi Disl. Although her first appearance ended unsuccessfully, coming in 41st place, she was appointed for nine more World Cup races for the remainder of the season. <mask> returned as one of the favourites at the 2006 Junior/Youth World Championships in Presque Isle, Maine, United States, where she won two more titles (pursuit and relay) in addition to a silver medal in the sprint race. She did not participate in the 2006 Winter Olympics for the German team. At the World Cup in Kontiolahti in March 2006, Neuner achieved her first top ten finishes: she was fourth in the sprint and came in ninth in the mass start race. Three world championship titles (2006–07 season)

While she had only competed in ten races during her first World Cup winter, <mask> became a fixture in the German team in the 2006–07 season.She proved to be one of the fastest cross-country skiers in biathlon, and at 19 years old, regularly set the fastest course times. On 5 January 2007, Neuner won her first World Cup event, the sprint race in Oberhof, Germany. Her victory on home soil, before a crowd of 19,000 people, received considerable media attention and put her into the national spotlight for the first time. Two days later at the

masks: Neuner Neuner Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 pursuit race, she forgot to reload her rifle after warm-up. She was handed a new magazine during the prone shooting and managed to finish third despite a total of six shooting errors. <mask> was scheduled to compete at the junior world championships in 2007. However, following her first World Cup win, she was instead appointed for the senior World Championships in Antholz, Italy.On 3 February 2007, she won gold in the sprint, beating Sweden's Anna Carin Olofsson by 2.3 seconds. It was her first world championship event ever and only her second victory at senior level. One day later, she also claimed the pursuit title, in spite of four shooting errors. Following a 14th place in the mass start, <mask>, alongside Martina Beck, Andrea Henkel and Kati Wilhelm, also won gold in the relay race on 11 February 2007. With three titles, she was the championship's most successful athlete and became the youngest triple world champion. At the end of the season, she continued her successful run with four more World Cup wins. In March 2007, <mask> won the pursuit and mass start races at Holmenkollen in Oslo, Norway, and she won the sprint and pursuit events at the season final in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, giving her seven career World Cup wins.She ended her first complete season fourth in the Overall World Cup standings and finished second in the pursuit discipline. In the course of three months, Neuner had emerged from anonymity to become one of Germany's most popular female athletes. At the end of 2007, she had earned an estimated 1.3 million euros through sponsorship and endorsement deals. Overall World Cup winner (2007–08 season)

After missing the


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 World Cups, she won the sprint races in Pyeongchang, South Korea, and in Khanty-Mansiysk—her tenth and eleventh World Cup victories. With a second-place finish in the penultimate mass start race of the season, Neuner won the 2007–08 Mass start World Cup. At the season final in Oslo, she also claimed the season's Sprint World Cup and took over the yellow bib of the Overall World Cup leader for the first time in her career. In the last race of the season, a ninth place in the mass start ensured Neuner the 2007–08 Overall Biathlon World Cup victory. She was the youngest Overall World Cup winner since the International Biathlon Union was established in 1993. First setbacks (2008–09 season)

Neuner's preparation for the 2008–09 season was affected by several illnesses. In the summer, she battled an intestinal fungus which forced her to pause training for seven weeks; she later attributed it to pressure of public expectations.In October 2008, she contracted influenza and in November, a bacterial infection caused her to miss two weeks of training. Subsequently, her ski speed saw a substantial drop at the start of the season. In the first four World Cups, Neuner only achieved two individual podiums; atypically courtesy of good shooting performances, not her skiing. Following the Christmas break, her skiing times had improved. In Ruhpolding in January 2009, <mask> was part of the winning German relay team. She beat team mate Kati Wilhelm by 0.2 seconds in the Ruhpolding sprint and also won the following pursuit event, which marked her World Cup wins twelve and thirteen. Neuner again missed the podium in Antholz.She was leading the mass start by


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts: 53.6 seconds before the final shooting, in which she missed all five targets, eventually finishing sixth. This result received much public attention. She later described it as a pivotal moment in her career and called it the "total end of the world". <mask> suffered further setbacks at the 2009 World Championships in Pyeongchang, where she struggled with a cold and a high number of shooting errors. She finished eighth in the sprint, in which she crashed on a downhill slope, and came in eleventh in the pursuit race. She was not appointed for the individual race and could not start in the mixed relay due to her cold. On 21 February 2009, <mask> claimed silver as part Germany's women's relay team, alongside Martina Beck, Andrea Henkel and Kati Wilhelm.On the last day of the championships, she came in seventh in the mass start race. At the Olympic rehearsal in Vancouver, Canada, in March 2009, Neuner claimed the 2008–09 Individual World Cup, despite never having won a race in that discipline. She also won the Vancouver relay race with the German team, and was second in the sprint, 0.7 seconds behind Sweden's Helena Ekholm. At the season final in Khanty-Mansiysk, Neuner won the pursuit race—her 14th World Cup win. She ended the season fourth in the Overall Biathlon World Cup, which was generally considered disappointing in the media. Neuner later revealed that due to public expectations and constant media attention, the 2008–09 season had been extremely difficult for her psychologically, and she even briefly contemplated retirement. She started working with a psychologist and cut down her media appearances as much as possible in the

masks: Neuner Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 summer.Double Olympic champion (2009–10 season)

Neuner competed at the Summer Biathlon World Championships for the first time in September 2009 when they were held in Oberhof. She only reluctantly agreed to interrupt training and participate in the summer event, which is contested on roller ski, however she went on to win gold in all three competitions (sprint, pursuit and mixed relay). Neuner missed the first World Cup of the 2009–10 season due to a cold in December 2009. She returned at the following races in Hochfilzen, but was still affected by her cold and finished outside the top 20. Her first podiums of the winter came in Pokljuka, finishing third in the sprint and second in the pursuit race. Thereby she secured her Olympic qualification within the German team. Shortly before the Oberhof sprint in January 2010, Neuner injured her back during warm-up and had to withdraw.She returned in Ruhpolding where she came in third in both the sprint and the mass start race. In her first relay of the season, she dealt a blow to the German team by incurring two penalty loops, with Germany finishing fourth eventually. With some top competitors missing in Antholz at the last World Cup before the 2010 Winter Olympics, <mask> won two events—the first individual race of her career as well as the sprint, giving her 16 career World Cup wins. She also came in second in the pursuit, which marked her seventh consecutive podium finish. <mask> went into her first Winter Olympics in Vancouver with the declared aim of winning a gold medal. On 13 February 2010, she participated in the opening sprint, which was contested at Whistler Olympic Park in rainy


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts: conditions. With one shooting error, Neuner claimed the silver medal, finishing 1.5 seconds behind Slovakia's Anastasiya Kuzmina.She uncharacteristically lost five seconds against the unheralded Slovak on the cross-country course, which led to speculation of inferior ski preparation in the German media. Three days later, <mask> won gold in the subsequent pursuit race. Despite missing two targets in the standing position, she beat sprint winner Kuzmina by 12.3 seconds. In her third Olympic event, she finished tenth in the individual. She had three shooting mistakes and said it had been difficult for her to immediately get her concentration back after winning her first gold medal. On 21 February 2010, <mask> claimed her second gold of the Games in the mass start. After missing two targets, she had been trailing by as much as 29 seconds, but she pushed the pace and a clean final standing shoot allowed her to overtake Russia's Olga Zaitseva on the last lap.After the race, <mask> made the announcement not to participate in the relay, citing mental exhaustion and her desire to give all of her team mates the chance to win a medal. Her withdrawal allowed her friend Martina Beck a start in her last Olympic Games. <mask> was Germany's most successful athlete in Vancouver and was chosen to carry the German flag at the closing ceremony. Following her Olympic success, <mask> continued her good form at the season's remaining three World Cups, finishing all races in the top ten. She came in second in the Kontiolahti pursuit, and third in Oslo's mass start race, which increased her World Cup lead after taking over the yellow bib in Vancouver. <mask>

masks: Neuner Neuner Neuner Neuner Neuner Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 ended the season with her 19th World Cup win in Khanty-Mansiysk's mass start, which ensured her the 2009–10 Overall World Cup, making her the first German woman to win the Biathlon World Cup for a second time. She also won the pursuit and mass start discipline World Cups.In the last event of the winter, the Mixed Relay World Championship, she won gold, alongside Simone Hauswald, Simon Schempp and Arnd Peiffer, to claim her seventh world title. Record world champion (2010–11 season)

During the summer, <mask> admitted struggling for motivation for the upcoming season, having won every title in the sport at only 23 years old. However, she vowed to continue her career at least until the 2012 world championships in Ruhpolding. In December 2010 she suffered from a cold, missing the season's first World Cup in Östersund for the second year in a row. She started the 2010–11 season in Hochfilzen, where she managed two seventh-place finishes, and was part of the winning German relay team. At the third stop of the season in Pokljuka, she won the sprint race in spite of two shooting errors, claiming her 20th career victory. Neuner continued the winter with mixed results in January 2011.She reached the podium in the sprints of Oberhof and Ruhpolding, coming in second and third respectively. In the relay in Oberhof, <mask> was part of Germany's team coming in sixth place, the team's worst result since 2005. She also had her worst personal result in 13 months, finishing in 16th place in the Ruhpolding individual race, which ended her streak of 24 consecutive top ten finishes (including 15 podiums and 6 wins). At the World Cup in Antholz, <mask> again


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts: struggled with illness. She only participated in the concluding mass start, coming in 6th place. At the World Cup stops in February in the United States, Neuner returned to good health and showed more consistency; her worst result was a 6th-place finish. In Presque Isle, Maine, she won the mixed relay as part of the German team.On week later in Fort Kent, Maine, <mask> finished all three races on the podium. She came in third in the sprint,  second in the pursuit, and claimed her 21st World Cup win in the mass start—the last race before the world championships. At the 2011 World Championships in Khanty-Mansiysk, Neuner won three gold and two silver medals. She claimed silver, alongside Andrea Henkel, Arnd Peiffer and Michael Greis, in the opening mixed relay. On 5 March 2011, <mask> won the sprint race courtesy of a clean shooting performance. She finished second in the pursuit and fifth in the individual subsequently. On 12 March 2011, <mask> won her second title in the mass start despite of four shooing errors.The following day she also claimed gold in the women's relay, together with Andrea Henkel, Miriam Gössner and Tina Bachmann. Running the last leg for Germany, <mask> started in fourth, 67.5 seconds off the lead, but she pulled back the entire time and moved in front on the last lap. Her five medals made her the most successful female athlete in the history of Biathlon World Championships. The season ended in disappointment for Neuner in Oslo. After claiming her 24th career win in the sprint, she had moved into second place in the Overall World Cup ranking. However, she again suffered from a cold and had to pull out of the

masks: Neuner Neuner Neuner Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 penultimate race of the winter, the pursuit in which she would have started 31 seconds in front. This effectively ended her hopes of retaining the World Cup crown.She eventually finished fifth in the overall standings, having missed five of the season's 26 races. Final World Cup winter (2011–12 season)

Before the start of the 2011–12 season, <mask> hinted the upcoming season might be her last. She began the winter in Östersund with the best season start of her career, beating Tora Berger by 0.2 seconds in the sprint to claim her 25th World Cup win. She also came third in the individual and the pursuit, and took the yellow bib of the Overall World Cup leader. On 6 December 2011, <mask> announced her retirement from biathlon by the end of the season on her homepage. She explained her early departure from the sport (at age 25) with a lack of motivation and her desire for a normal life. Neuner nonetheless continued her good form in Hochfilzen, where she claimed her 26th World Cup win in the sprint.After Christmas, <mask> won both individual races in Oberhof – her World Cup wins 27 and 28. In the women's relay, she incurred 4 penalties in the final shooting, which foiled a likely German victory. Neuner suffered one of the biggest mishaps of her career, when she fired on the wrong targets in the Nove Mesto pursuit, dropping from first to seventh place. She recovered quickly by winning the sprint race in Antholz one week later. In February, Neuner claimed a double sprint and pursuit victory in Oslo despite suffering from a cold, which forced her to withdraw from the mass start. At the last World Cup stop before the world championships in


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts: Kontiolahti, she reached her sixth sprint win of the season, and extended her World Cup lead over Darya Domracheva. At the 2012 World Championships in Ruhpolding, <mask> won bronze in the opening mixed relay, alongside Andrea Henkel, Andreas Birnbacher and Arnd Peiffer.On 3 March 2012, she claimed her 11th world title in the sprint race courtesy of her clean shooting. Neuner dropped to second place one day later in the pursuit, in which Domracheva overtook her at the final shooting bout. During the second week of the championships, <mask> often struggled with her shooting. She only reached 23rd place in the individual – her worst world championships result ever. With Tina Bachmann, Miriam Gössner and Andrea Henkel she won her second gold medal in Ruhpolding in the women's relay on 10 March 2012, despite incurring a penalty loop. In the concluding mass start, <mask> came in tenth place, with six shooting mistakes in total. Her 12th gold medal made her the second most successful biathlete of all time at world championships, behind male record holder Ole Einar Bjørndalen.Having led the standings uninterruptedly since the second race of the winter, <mask> won her third Overall World Cup title at the season final in Russia, where she claimed her 34th and final World Cup win in the sprint. Neuner also won the 2011–12 Sprint World Cup thanks to an unprecedented eight out of ten sprint wins. With ten victories in total, her final World Cup season was the most successful in her career. She also became only the second woman after <mask> to win the overall title more than twice. On 18 March 2012, <mask> ended her biathlon career with a sixth place

masks:
Neuner
Neuner
Neuner
Neuner
Magdalena Forsberg
Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 in the Khanty-Mansiysk mass start. Skiing

Neuner was one of the fastest female cross-country skiers in biathlon. During 66 of her 151 World Cup races (44%), she has set the fastest course time (race time without time spent at the shooting range or in the penalty loop).In addition, she has been among the top three fastest skiers in 77% of her career races. In her first World Cup races in the 2005–06 season, Neuner achieved average course times; her best result was being fourth fastest in the pursuit race in Kontiolahti. During her first full season in 2006–07, she finished among the top three fastest skiers in 19 of her 24 races and came in fastest in seven of them. Neuner won the 2007–08 Biathlon World Cup with dominating skiing performances. She set the fastest course time in 19 of her 25 races and was second or third fastest in the remaining six. At the beginning of the 2008–09 season, Neuner had a substantial drop in her skiing times due to a series of illnesses. However, she recovered and set the fastest course time in 14 of the remaining 18 races from January onwards.In the 2009–10 Olympic season, <mask> again started slowly in December, but came back finishing among the top three fastest skiers in 17 of her 21 races. She had her second best winter in 2010–11 when she set the fastest or second fastest skiing time in 90% of her 21 races. Neuner had been a fast cross-country skier from an early age. When she was eight years old, she won the first cross-country skiing competition she entered at her local ski club. At junior level, her lap times at the German Student's Cup were comparable to older or male opponents. At the age of 15,


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 Neuner managed to set the same skiing times as her coeval male training partners. In preparation for the 2006–07 season, Neuner skied  in training; she increased the volume to  for the 2007–08 season.Because of her ski speed, she has often been able to compensate for one or sometimes two or three shooting errors (a penalty loop is  long and normally takes 21 to 26 seconds). During three of her 32 World Cup wins (2007 World Championships pursuit, 2008 World Championships mass start, and 2009 Ruhpolding pursuit), Neuner skied three additional penalty loops compared to the second-place finisher. In March 2008, she came in second in the Khanty-Mansiysk mass start race, despite completing five penalty loops. She also reached third place in the Oberhof pursuit in January 2007 with six missed targets. At <mask>'s first World Cup victory in the individual discipline in January 2010, she compensated for a total time penalty of two minutes on the  cross-country course (incurred by two additional shooting errors). Skiing statistics

*Key:Number of respective times achieved / number of all races entered, percentage. Results in IBU World Cup races, no relay events.**Statistics as of 18 March 2012. Shooting

Neuner averaged a career shooting accuracy of 78%. Her career average in the prone position was 88%, while her career average in the standing position was 67%. Her shooting results in the prone position were similar to other top contenders. The standing shoot had long been her weak point and her hit percentage was well below average in the World Cup field, although it had improved considerably in her later seasons. With a 78% accuracy, Neuner had


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 to better concentrate while shooting. The individual race, which places a high emphasis on shooting, has traditionally been her worst discipline (each shooting error results in a one-minute time penalty, instead of a penalty loop). Neuner has won 6 races (all sprints) with a perfect shooting record:  Khanty-Mansiysk sprint in March 2007, 2011 World Championship sprint and 4 sprints in her final 2011–12 season. She also shot clean on two other occasions, the sprint in Kontiolahti in March 2006, coming in fourth place, and the Östersund sprint in December 2008, finishing third.Her worst shooting performance came in December 2008, with a total of nine shooting errors at the World Cup pursuit in Hochfilzen. <mask>'s costliest shooting occurred during a mass start race in Antholz in January 2009. After 15 clean shots, she was leading by 53.6 seconds before the final shooting, in which she missed all five targets, eventually dropping to sixth place. Shooting statistics

*Key:Hits / shots, percentage. Results in all IBU World Cup races including relay events. **Statistics as of 18 March 2012. Personal life

Neuner has lived in Wallgau, Bavaria, Germany, a small alpine village of 1,400 people, from birth.Neuner plays the harp and owns an enduro motorcycle. She has said she enjoys mountain biking, hiking and swimming during the off-season. Neuner had been involved in a nearly two-year relationship with Austrian ski technician and former biathlete Franz Perwein, whom she had met during the 2006 Junior/Youth World Championships. Until the autumn of 2009, she then lived in a relationship with DSV chief biathlon technician Björn Weisheit for 19


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 months. In December 2009, Neuner confirmed a romantic relationship with Josef Holzer, a school day friend from Wallgau. The couple were civilly married in March 2014 and have a daughter, Verena Anna (born 30 May 2014 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen) and a son, Josef Valentin (born 8 November 2016 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen). Their church wedding took place on 17 October 2015.In the media
Biathlon is the most popular winter sport in Germany. Each World Cup event is shown live on German television and the January World Cup races in Oberhof, Ruhpolding and Antholz are regularly seen by over five million viewers. Following her three world championship titles in 2007, Neuner quickly became one of Germany's most popular female sport stars, often nicknamed "Gold Lena" in the media. During her first two years in the spotlight she signed several endorsement deals and claimed numerous awards. <mask>'s popularity grew further with her success during the 2010 Winter Olympics. Her second gold medal win in the Olympic mass start was seen live by 9.75 million television viewers (a 31.5 per cent market share), the most watched programme of the Games in Germany. Her withdrawal from the Olympic relay was one of the dominating stories of the Winter Olympics in Germany, leading to much media speculation whether pulling out had been entirely her decision.She later received the Fair Play medal of Germany's Olympic Society for setting an example of "team spirit". <mask> won the Biathlon Award, chosen by the national coaches of the World Cup teams, for Female Athlete of the Year in both 2007 and 2008, and she was awarded the Goldener Ski (Golden Ski), the highest


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts: award of the German Ski Association in 2007, 2008 and 2010. The Forum Nordicum, a consortium of journalists form twelve countries, named her Biathlete of the Year in the 2007–08 and 2009–10 seasons, beating out her male counterparts Ole Einar Bjørndalen and Emil Hegle Svendsen respectively. <mask> was chosen as Germany's 2007 Sportswoman of the Year by the country's sports journalists. The following years, she came in third for the 2008 award and was voted in second place in 2010. Along with all Olympic medal winners, she received the Silberne Lorbeerblatt (Silver Laurel Leaf) in 2010, the highest state decoration for athletes in Germany. In 2011, readers of Germany's top selling newspaper Bild voted <mask> the seventh greatest German sportsperson of all time, and she was again named German Sportswoman of the Year.Nine months after her retirement, <mask> received Germany's Sportswoman of the Year award for a third time. <mask>'s interest in knitting has often been addressed by the German media and she maintains a knitting website, which includes detailed knitting instructions and a "knitting blog". She has stated that she usually takes knitting equipment on her travels during the season and that knitting is a way for her to relax. In 2007, <mask> declined an offer to appear nude in the German edition of Playboy. Outside of Germany, she is particularly popular in Russia, where she has a fan club and from where she has said to receive half of her fan mail. In 2010, Neuner appeared in an advertising campaign for a lingerie line. She explained she tried to use it in a deliberate attempt to correct her media image, after becoming irritated

masks: Neuner Neuner Neuner Neuner Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 34th in the overall standings. In the 2006–07 season, she became a regular in the German team and ended the season in fourth place. Neuner won the Biathlon World Cup for the first time in 2007–08; she also won the sprint and mass start disciplines. She finished the 2008–09 season fourth, winning the individual discipline that year. In the 2009–10 season, Neuner won the overall World Cup for a second time; by winning the pursuit and mass start scores as well, she has claimed each World Cup title at least once. In 2010–11, she won the sprint discipline for a second time and finished fifth in the season ranking. In her final World Cup season in 2011–12, Neuner won her third Overall World Cup title, as well as the sprint discipline.*Key:Races—number of entered races/all races; Points—won World Cup points; Position—World Cup season ranking. *Statistics as of 18 March 2012.' World Cup wins
Over the course of seven seasons, Neuner has reached 34 personal World Cup wins. In the history of the International Biathlon Union she is ranked second behind <mask> (42), with Uschi Disl (30) third, for all-time career victories.International Biathlon Union. Uschi Disl. IBU Datacenter. Retrieved 12 August 2011.In addition, she has won nine relay races and three mixed relay events as part of the German World Cup team. <mask> has often started slowly at the beginning of a winter season and has claimed only three of her individual victories before Christmas. Consequently, 18 of her 47 wins came in the month of March. Geographically most of her wins occurred in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia (10), followed by Antholz, Italy (6) and Ruhpolding, Germany (6).

masks:
Magdalena Forsberg
Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 *Key:WCH—World Championships; OG—Olympic Games. Statistics as of 18 March 2012. Overall record
During her seven season on the World Cup tour, Neuner had competed in a total of 175 races, winning 47 of them (a 26.86 win percentage).She has claimed at least one win in each discipline of biathlon and has scored World Cup points in all but three of her races. Neuner has reached a total of 82 World Cup podiums (63 in individual races and 19 in team events). In addition, she has achieved 137 top ten finishes—78.29 per cent of all the races she has entered. *Results in all IBU World Cup races including relay events. Statistics as of 18 March 2012. Junior/Youth World Championships
<mask> has won seven gold and four silver medals at the Biathlon Junior/Youth World Championships. With the exception of the individual discipline, she has won a medal in every race she entered.In 2004, at her first junior world championships in Haute Maurienne, France, Neuner won two titles (sprint and relay). One year later, she claimed gold in the sprint race in Kontiolahti, Finland, and in 2006, she again won two titles (pursuit and relay) in Presque Isle, Maine, United States. Neuner did not participate in the 2007 event. She returned to the junior world championships in 2008 when they were held in Ruhpolding, Germany, winning two more gold medals (sprint and pursuit). Achievements and honours International titles Winter Olympic Games – 2 gold medals
 2010: Pursuit, Mass start
 Overall Biathlon World Cup winner – 2007–08, 2009–10, 2011–2012
 Individual World Cup winner – 2008–09
 Sprint World Cup winner – 2007–08, 2010–11, 2011–2012
 Pursuit World Cup winner –


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 2009–10
 Mass start World Cup winner – 2007–08, 2009–10
 Biathlon World Championships – 12 gold medals
 2007: Sprint, Pursuit, Relay
 2008: Mass start, Relay, Mixed relay
 2010: Mixed Relay
 2011: Sprint, Mass start, Relay
 2012: Sprint, Relay
 Biathlon Junior/Youth World Championships – 7 gold medalsAwards German Sportswoman of the Year – 2007, 2011
 Biathlon Award for Female Newcomer of the Year – 2007
 Biathlon Award for Female Athlete of the Year – 2007, 2008
 Goldener Ski of the DSV – 2007, 2008, 2010
 Biathlete of the Year of the Forum Nordicum – 2008, 2010
 Silbernes Lorbeerblatt – 2010

 Notes a. Course times are a measure for a biathlete's skiing performance. They indicate the net skiing time (sum of all lap times), excluding time spent at the shooting range, in the penalty loop or time penalties (individual discipline only).b.World Championship and Olympic results are included in Biathlon World Cup scores; gold medals are recognised as World Cup wins.c. Jirina Pelcová was six months younger when she won the Overall World Cup in 1990 still under the UIPMB, not recognised by the IBU. References

 Further reading EnglishKlein, Tom & Palme, Jürgen. Interview with <mask>. Biathlonworld. 16 March 2008. Retrieved 12 August 2011.Klein, Tom. <mask> wins overall World Cup at age 21. Biathlonworld. 16 March 2008. Retrieved 12 August 2011. Palme, Jürgen. "We're pretty drained anyways" – Interview with <mask>.Biathlonworld. 21 January 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2011. Agence France-Press. Biathlon: Vancouver 2010 ones to watch – <mask>. Olympicsinfo.ca. 24 January 2010.Retrieved 12 August 2011. The New York Times Company. <mask> – Athlete

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Magdalena Neuner
Magdalena Neuner
Magdalena Neuner
Magdalena Neuner
Magdalena Neuner


title: Magdalena Neuner

texts:
 Biography. NYTimes.com. Retrieved 12 August 2011. Futterman, Matthew. The Skier Who Can't Shoot Straight.Wall Street Journal. 16 February 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2011.German'''
 Blume, Klaus. Fräulein <mask> und das erstaunliche Gespür für Schnee. kicker online. 7 December 2006. Retrieved 12 August 2011.Zeilmann, Kathrin. <mask>. Ein strickender Winterstar. Focus Online. 29 November 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2011. Wiedemann, Roland.<mask>, Biathlon-Star und Profi-Strickerin. Spiegel Online. 30 November 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2011. Wolfsgruber, Axel. „Wie eine echte Königin“. Focus.49/2007. Retrieved 12 August 2011. Stracke, Peter. Magdalena Neuner im Porträt. sueddeutsche.de. 22 December 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2011.Bellstedt, Klaus. Powerfrau mit Zitterarm. stern.de. 8 February 2008. Retrieved 12 August 2011. Hacke, Detlef. Lenas heile Welt.Der Spiegel. 6/2008. Retrieved 12 August 2011. Dunker, Robert. <mask> ist der Liebling der Sponsoren. WELT Online. 17 March 2008.Retrieved 12 August 2011. Kreisl, Volker. Suche nach dem Nichts. Süddeutsche Zeitung''. 11 December 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2011. External links

 <mask>-strickt.de, Neuner's knitting website
 Statistics at IBU Datacenter

 Information on her hometown's website

1987 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Biathletes at the 2010 Winter Olympics
German female biathletes
German female cross-country skiers
Holmenkollen Ski Festival winners
Olympic biathletes of Germany
Olympic gold medalists for Germany
Olympic silver medalists for Germany
Olympic medalists in biathlon
Biathlon World Championships medalists
Recipients of the Silver

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Neuner
Magdalena Neuner
Magdalena Neuner
Magdalena Neuner
Magdalena


title: Jacob Lawrence

texts:
<mask> (September 7, 1917 – June 9, 2000) was an American painter known for his portrayal of African-American historical subjects and contemporary life. <mask> referred to his style as "dynamic cubism", although by his own account the primary influence was not so much French art as the shapes and colors of Harlem. He brought the African-American experience to life using blacks and browns juxtaposed with vivid colors. He also taught and spent 16 years as a professor at the University of Washington. <mask> is among the best known twentieth-century African-American painters, known for his modernist illustrations of everyday life as well as  narratives of African-American history and historical figures. At the age of 23 he gained national recognition with his 60-panel The Migration Series, which depicted the Great Migration of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North. The series was purchased jointly by the Phillips Collection in Washington, D.C., and the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York.<mask>'s works are in the permanent collections of numerous museums, including the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Whitney Museum, Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Museum, Reynolda House Museum of American Art, and the Museum of Northwest Art. His 1947 painting The Builders hangs in the White House. Life

Early years

<mask> was born September 7, 1917, in Atlantic City, New Jersey, where his parents had migrated from the rural south. They divorced in 1924. His mother put him and his two younger siblings into foster care in Philadelphia. When he was 13, he and his siblings moved to New York City, where he reconnected with his mother in Harlem. <mask> was introduced to art shortly after that

masks:
Jacob Armstead Lawrence
Lawrence
Lawrence
Lawrence
Jacob Lawrence
Lawrence


title: Jacob Lawrence

texts: when their mother enrolled him in after-school classes at an arts and crafts settlement house in Harlem, called Utopia Children's Center, in an effort to keep him busy.The young <mask> often drew patterns with crayons. In the beginning, he copied the patterns of his mother's carpets. After dropping out of school at 16, <mask> worked in a laundromat and a printing plant. He continued with art, attending classes at the Harlem Art Workshop, taught by the noted African-American artist Charles Alston. Alston urged him to attend the Harlem Community Art Center, led by the sculptor Augusta Savage. Savage secured a scholarship to the American Artists School for <mask> and a paid position with the Works Progress Administration, established during the Great Depression by the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. <mask> continued his studies as well, working with Alston and Henry Bannarn, another Harlem Renaissance artist, in the Alston-Bannarn workshop.He also studied at Harlem Art Workshop in New York in 1937. Harlem provided crucial training for the majority of Black artists in the United States. <mask> was one of the first artists trained in and by the African-American community in Harlem. Throughout his lengthy artistic career, <mask> concentrated on exploring the history and struggles of African Americans. The "hard, bright, brittle" aspects of Harlem during the Great Depression inspired <mask> as much as the colors, shapes, and patterns inside the homes of its residents. "Even in my mother's home," <mask> told historian Paul Karlstrom, "people of my mother's generation would decorate their homes in all sorts of color... so you'd think in terms of Matisse." He used water-based media throughout

masks: Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence


title: Jacob Lawrence

texts:
 his career.<mask> started to gain some notice for his dramatic and lively portrayals of both contemporary scenes of African-American urban life as well as historical events, all of which he depicted in crisp shapes, bright, clear colors, dynamic patterns, and through revealing posture and gestures. At the very start of his career he developed the approach that made his reputation and remained his touchstone: creating series of paintings that told a story or, less often, depicted many aspects of a subject. His first were biographical accounts of key figures of the African diaspora. He was just 21 years old when his series of 41 paintings of the Haitian general Toussaint L’Ouverture, who led the revolution of the slaves that eventually gained independence, was shown in an exhibit of African-American artists at the Baltimore Museum of Art. This was followed by a series of paintings of the lives of Harriet Tubman (1938–39) and Frederick Douglass (1939–40). His teacher Charles Alston assesses <mask>'s work in an essay for an exhibition at the Harlem YMCA 1938:

On July 24, 1941, <mask> married the painter Gwendolyn Knight, also a student of Savage. She helped prepare the gesso panels for his paintings and contributed to the captions for the paintings in his multi-painting works.The Migration Series
<mask> completed the 60-panel set of narrative paintings entitled Migration of the Negro or And the Migrants Kept Coming, now called the Migration Series, in 1940–41. The series portrayed the Great Migration, when hundreds of thousands of African Americans moved from the rural South to the urban North after World War I. Because he was working in tempera, which dries rapidly, he planned all the paintings in

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title: Jacob Lawrence

texts:
 advance and then applied a single color wherever he was using it across all the scenes to maintain tonal consistency. Only then did he proceed to the next color. The series was exhibited at the Downtown Gallery in Greenwich Village, which made him the first African-American artist represented by a New York gallery. This brought him national recognition. Selections from this series were featured in a 1941 issue of Fortune.The entire series was purchased jointly and divided by the Phillips Collection in Washington, D.C., which holds the odd-numbered paintings, and New York's Museum of Modern Art, which holds the even-numbered. His early work involved general depictions of everyday life in Harlem and also a major series dedicated to African-American history (1940–1941). Another biographical series of twenty-two panels devoted to the abolitionist John Brown followed in 1941–42. When these pairings became too fragile to display, <mask>, working on commission, recreated the paintings as a portfolio of silkscreen prints in 1977. In 1943, Howard Devree, writing in The New York Times, thought <mask> in his next series of thirty images had "even more successfully concentrated his attention on the many-sided life of his people in Harlem". He called the set "an amazing social document" and wrote:

World War II
In October 1943, during the Second World War, <mask> was drafted into the United States Coast Guard and served as a public affairs specialist with the first racially integrated crew on the USCGC Sea Cloud, under Carlton Skinner. He continued to paint and sketch while in the Coast Guard, documenting the experience of war around the world.He produced 48 paintings during this time, all of which have been lost.

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title: Jacob Lawrence

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 He achieved the rank of petty officer third class. Lost works
In October and November 1944, MOMA exhibited all 60 migration panels plus 8 of the paintings <mask> created aboard the Sea Cloud. He posed, still in his uniform, in front of a sign that read: "<mask>, The Migration Series and Works Created in the US Coast Guard". The Coast Guard sent the eight paintings to exhibits around the United States. In the disorder and personnel changes that came with demobilization at the end of the war they went missing. Post-war
In 1945, he was awarded a fellowship in the fine arts by the Guggenheim Foundation.In 1946, Josef Albers recruited <mask> to join the faculty of the summer art program at Black Mountain College. Returning to New York, <mask> continued to paint but grew depressed; in 1949, he checked himself into Hillside Hospital in Queens, where he remained for eleven months. Painting there, he produced his Hospital Series, works that were uncharacteristic of him in their focus of his subjects' emotional states as an inpatient. Between 1954 and 1956 <mask> produced a 30-panel series called "Struggle: From the History of the American People" that depicted historical scenes from 1775 to 1817. The series, originally planned to include sixty panels, includes references to current events like the 1954 Army-McCarthy hearings, and they sometimes explore relatively obscure or neglected aspects of American history, like a woman, Margaret Cochran Corbin, in combat or the wall built by unseen enslaved Blacks that protected the American forces at the Battle of New Orleans. Rather than traditional titles, <mask> labeled each panel with a quote, either to add an individual voice to his work or inject weighted

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 vocabulary. Patrick Henry's speech, famous for the phrase "Give me liberty or give me death", he captioned with a different passage: "Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery."A panel showing Blacks fighting against the British is captioned with the words of a man who sued for emancipation from slavery in 1773: "We have no property! We have no wives! No children! We have no city! No country!" Three panels (Panels 14, 20 and 29) are lost, and three others were only located in 2017, 2020, and 2021. The fraught politics of the mid-1950s prevented the series from finding a museum purchaser, and the panels had been sold to a private collector who re-sold them as individual works.The Brooklyn Museum of Art mounted a retrospective exhibition of his work in 1960. Publications
<mask> illustrated several works for children. Harriet and the Promised Land appeared in 1968 and used the series of paintings that told the story of Harriet Tubman. It was listed as one of the year's best illustrated books by The New York Times and praised by the Boston Globe: "The author's artistic talents, sensitivity and insight into the black experience have resulted in a book that actually creates, within the reader, a spiritual experience." Two similar volumes based on his John Brown and Great Migration series followed. <mask> created illustrations for a selection of 18 of Aesop's Fables for Windmill Press in 1970, and the University of Washington Press published the full set of 23 tales in 1998. Teaching and late works
<mask> taught at several schools after his first stint teaching at Black Mountain College, including the New School for Social Research, the Art Students League,


title: Jacob Lawrence

texts:
 Pratt Institute, and the Skowhegan School.He became a visiting artist at the University of Washington in 1970 and was professor of art there from 1971 to 1986. He was graduate advisor there to lithographer and abstract painter James Claussen. Shortly after moving to Washington state, <mask> did a series of five paintings on the westward journey of African-American pioneer, George Washington Bush. These paintings are now in the collection of the State of Washington History Museum. He undertook several major commissions in this part of his career. In 1980, he completed Exploration, a 40-foot-long mural made of porcelain on steel, comprising a dozen panels devoted to academic endeavor. It was installed in Howard University's Blackburn Center.The Washington Post described it as "enormously sophisticated yet wholly unpretentious " and said:

<mask> produced another series in 1983, eight screen prints called the Hiroshima Series. Commissioned to provide full-page illustrations for a new edition of a work of his choice, <mask> chose John Hershey's Hiroshima (1946). He depicted in abstract visual language several survivors at the moment of the bombing in the midst of physical and emotional destruction. <mask>'s painting Theater was commissioned by the University of Washington in 1985 and installed in the main lobby of the Meany Hall for the Performing Arts. Last years
The Whitney Museum of American Art produced an exhibition of <mask>'s entire career in 1974, as did the Seattle Art Museum in 1986. In 1999, he and his wife established the Jacob and Gwendolyn Lawrence Foundation for the creation, presentation and study of American art, with a particular emphasis on work by African-American artists. It

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title: Jacob Lawrence

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 represents their estates and maintains a searchable archive of nearly a thousand images of their work.<mask> continued to paint until a few weeks before his death from lung cancer on June 9, 2000, at the age of 82. The New York Times described him as "one of America's leading modern figurative painters" and "among the most impassioned visual chroniclers of the African-American experience." Shortly before his death he stated: "...for me, a painting should have three things: universality, clarity and strength. Clarity and strength so that it may be aesthetically good. Universality so that it may be understood by all men." A retrospective exhibition of <mask>'s work, planned before his death, opened at the Phillips Collection in May 2001 and travelled to the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Detroit Institute of Fine Arts, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. The exhibit was meant to coincide with the publication of <mask>: Paintings, Drawings, and Murals (1935-1999), A Catalogue Raisonne.His last commissioned public work, the mosaic mural New York in Transit made of Murano glass was installed in October 2001 in the Times Square subway station in New York City. His wife, Gwendolyn Knight, survived him and died in 2005 at the age of 91. Recognition
 1945: Awarded a fellowship in the fine arts by the Guggenheim Foundation
 1970: Awarded the Spingarn Medal by the NAACP for his outstanding achievements
 1971: Elected an associate member of the National Academy of Design
 1978: Elected a member of the National Academy of Design
 1983: Elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
 1990: Awarded the U.S. National Medal of Arts
 1995: Elected a fellow of

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 the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
 1996: The Meadows School of the Arts at Southern Methodist University awarded him the Algur H. Meadows Award for Excellence. 1998: Awarded the highest honor of Washington state, The Washington Medal of Merit

The eighteen institutions that awarded <mask> honorary degrees include Harvard University, Yale University, Howard University, Amherst College, and New York University. Legacy
 The Seattle Art Museum offers the Gwendolyn Knight and <mask> Fellowship, a $10,000 award to "individuals whose original work reflects the <mask>s' concern with artistic excellence, education, mentorship and scholarship within the cultural contexts and value systems that informed their work and the work of other artists of color." The Jacob Lawrence Gallery at the University of Washington School of Art + Art History + Design offers an annual Jacob <mask> Legacy Residency. His work is in the permanent collections of numerous museums, including the British Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum, the Phillips Collection, the Brooklyn Museum, the National Gallery of Art and Reynolda House Museum of American Art, the Art Institute Chicago, the Madison Museum of Contemporary Art, the Kalamazoo Institute of Arts, the Minneapolis Institute of Art, the Minnesota Museum of American Art, the Savannah College of Art and Design Museum, the Seattle Art Museum, the Birmingham Museum of Art, the Indianapolis Museum of Art, the University of Michigan Museum of Art, the North Carolina Museum of Art, the Princeton University Art Museum, the Musei Vaticani, the Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and

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 Engineering, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, the Saint Louis Art Museum, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Studio Museum in Harlem, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Portland Art Museum, the Hudson River Museum, and The Walker Art Center in Minneapolis.In May 2007, the White House Historical Association purchased <mask>'s The Builders (1947) at auction for $2.5 million. The painting has hung in the White House Green Room since 2009. See also
 List of African-American visual artists
 List of Federal Art Project artists

References

Further reading
 Bearden, Romare, and Henderson, Harry. A History of African-American Artists (From 1792 to the Present), pp. 293–314, Pantheon Books (Random House), 1993,
 Caro, Julie Levin, and Jeff Arnal, eds (2019). Between Form and Content : Perspectives on <mask>   + Black Mountain College. Asheville, N.C.: Black Mountain College Museum +   Arts Center. .
Caro, Julie Levin and Storm Janse van Rensburg, ed.(2020). <mask> : Lines of Influence. Zurich, Switzerland : Scheidegger & Spiess ; Savannah, Georgia : SCAD Museum of Art. .
Dickerman, Leah, Elsa Smithgall, Elizabeth Alexander, Rita Dove, Nikky Finney, Terrance Hayes, Tyehimba Jess, et al. (2015). <mask> : The Migration Series. New York, New York: Museum of Modern Art. .
Driskell, David C, and Patricia Hills. (2008).<mask> : Moving Forward Paintings, 1936–1999. New York: DC Moore Gallery. .
Hills, Patricia  (2019). Painting Harlem Modern : The Art of <mask>. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. Miles, J. H., Davis, J. J., Ferguson-Roberts, S. E., and Giles, R. G. (2001). Almanac of {{African American Heritage, Paramus, NJ: Prentice Hall Press. Nesbett, Peter T, Michelle DuBois,

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 and Patricia Hills.(2000). Over the Line : The Art and Life of <mask>. The Complete <mask>. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press in association with Jacob Lawrence Catalogue Raisonné Project. .
Nesbett, Peter T., and Patricia Hills (2005). <mask> : The Complete Prints (1963–2000) : A Catalogue Raisonné. 2nd ed. Seattle, Wash.: University of Washington Press. .
Nesbett, Peter T., and Patricia Hills.(1994). <mask> : Thirty Years of Prints (1963–1993): A Catalogue Raisonné. Seattle: Francine Seders Gallery in association with University of Washington Press. .

Turner, Elizabeth Hutton, ed., Lonnie G Bunch III, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., et al. (1993). <mask>: The Migration Series. 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Rappahannock Press, in association with the Phillips Collection. .Wheat, Ellen Harkins (1991). <mask> : The Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman Series of 1938–40. Hampton, Va.: Hampton University Museum; Seattle : in association with University of Washington Press. . Wheat, Ellen Harkins, and Patricia Hills (1986). <mask>, American Painter. Seattle: University of Washington Press in association with the Seattle Art Museum. . External links

"<mask>", Queens Museum of Art website; includes reproductions of several prints from the John Brown series.The Jacob and Gwendolyn Knight Lawrence Foundation website, works at Phillips Collection
<mask>, Interior Scene (1937), Columbus Museum of Art, Ohio

1917 births
2000 deaths
20th-century American painters
20th-century American printmakers
American male painters
American tempera painters
Art Students League of New York faculty
Federal Art Project artists
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
People from Atlantic City, New

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Jacob Lawrence
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title: Francisco Cruceta

texts:
<mask> (born July 4, 1981) is a former professional baseball pitcher for the Saraperos de Saltillo of the Mexican Baseball League. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians, Seattle Mariners and Detroit Tigers and in the Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) for the Samsung Lions. Career

Los Angeles Dodgers
<mask> was signed by the Los Angeles Dodgers as an amateur free agent, on May 20, . He spent the next three seasons with the DSL Dodgers in the Dominican Summer League; in his last year he went 0–4 with 1.50 ERA. For , the Dodgers brought <mask> over to the Single-A South Georgia Waves, where he went 8–5, with a 2.80 ERA and three complete games. On July 28, 2002, the Dodgers, in the midst of a pennant race, traded <mask> with Terry Mulholland and Ricardo Rodríguez to the Cleveland Indians for veteran pitcher Paul Shuey. The Indians assigned <mask> to the Single-A Kinston Indians.Cleveland Indians
At Kinston, <mask> started seven games, going 2–0 with a 2.50 ERA. In November, the Indians added him their 40-man roster, indicating their confidence in him. Nevertheless, <mask> would not pitch in a major league game for the Indians until the end of the  season. <mask> began the  season with the Double-A Akron Aeros. At the time, <mask> had in his arsenal a fastball (which topped out at ), slider, and changeup. John Farrell, then the Indians director of player development, praised <mask>'s mechanics: "He throws the ball on a downward plane. It allows the action of all his pitches to work down and force ground-ball outs.We're ecstatic that we got him in the Rodriguez trade." <mask> enjoyed a strong year at Akron, going 13–9 with a 3.09 ERA. <mask> returned to the Aeros for the 2004 season, and in mid-June the Indians promoted him to the Triple-A Buffalo Bisons, where he went 6–5 with a 3.25 ERA as the Bisons

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Cruceta
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title: Francisco Cruceta

texts:
 defeated the Richmond Braves for the International League championship and the Governors' Cup. Following the series <mask> was one of six Bisons players called up by the Indians for the fall expansion. <mask> replaced the injured CC Sabathia in the starting rotation, and made his major league debut against the Detroit Tigers on September 21, 2004. <mask> gave up five runs in four innings, but did not figure in the decision, as the Indians mounted a comeback and defeated the Tigers 8–7. He pitched in one more game that season, this time giving up four runs on five hits in  innings on September 26, 2004, in a 6–2 loss to the Minnesota Twins, where <mask> received the loss.<mask> returned to Buffalo for the  season, but doubts developed about his role. He struggled as a starter, and attempts to convert him into a relief pitcher met with mixed results. Manager Marty Brown was open in his criticism of <mask>'s efforts to become a reliever, and acknowledged that, when he had Cruceta start a game in mid-August, "You could see he felt more comfortable in that starting role than out of the bullpen. That's a real positive for him." Just a few days after that start, the Indians designated him for assignment. The Seattle Mariners claimed him off waivers and sent him to the Triple-A Tacoma Rainiers. Seattle Mariners
<mask> spent time with the Mariners during  spring training, but opened the year at Tacoma, where he started 28 games and compiled a 13–9 record with an ERA of 4.38 and led the Pacific Coast League (PCL) in strikeouts.In a start against the Colorado Springs Sky Sox in late May, <mask> pitched eight shutout innings, allowing two hits and no walks while striking out 11. <mask> continued to pitch strongly, but was passed over for the PCL All-Star team, a decision criticized by the Rainiers' manager, Dave Brundage, who called <mask>

masks: Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta


title: Francisco Cruceta

texts:
 "dominant" and said that he had been "snubbed." The Mariners called <mask> up in September to make a spot start, but he did not get out of the first inning against the Kansas City Royals, giving up five runs, including a grand slam, in one inning of work. Commented Mariners' manager Mike Hargrove: "It was one of those nights. He'll pitch again. Out of the bullpen." <mask> made three relief appearances, giving up three runs in five innings of work, but at the end of the year waived him.The Texas Rangers claimed Cruceta and assigned him to the Triple-A Oklahoma RedHawks. Texas Rangers
In , <mask> was suspended for 50 games at the start of the season for violating the minor league ban on steroids. When he returned though, he performed well for the Triple-A Oklahoma RedHawks, going 3–0 in 25 games, with a 3.02 ERA, while striking out 60 batters in  innings. He also pitched well in a winter league stint in the Dominican Winter League for Gigantes del Cibao going 1–1 with a 1.08 ERA. These performances impressed the Detroit Tigers, who signed him on November 30, 2007. Detroit Tigers
<mask> was expected to compete for the vacant spots in the Tigers bullpen during spring training , left by Joel Zumaya and Fernando Rodney after they suffered shoulder injuries. <mask>'s chances of making the Tigers bullpen was dealt a blow when his visa was withheld, allegedly due to his suspension in 2007.After two months of waiting, <mask> was granted his visa on April 9, allowing for him to come to the U.S. from his native Dominican Republic. After returning to the United States, <mask> was brought up to the Tigers on April 30, 2008, when Jason Grilli was traded to the Colorado Rockies. <mask> made 13 appearances for the Tigers, going 0–3 with an ERA of 5.40. On June 3, <mask> was designated for assignment; after clearing waivers, he joined the Triple-A

masks: Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta Cruceta


title: Francisco Cruceta

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 Toledo Mud Hens. He became a free agent at the end of the season. Foreign career
<mask> signed with the Samsung Lions in the Korea Baseball Organization for the  season. He showed fine performances in his first Korean pro league season, going 9–10 with a 4.36 ERA as a starting pitcher.In June 2011, Crueta was found cheating again, this time by using an illegal substance on his glove. It was discovered by home plate umpire Stephen Lockhart, who promptly tossed him out. <mask> signed a minor league contract with New York Yankees on June 28, 2011 & was waived thereafter. He spent the 2012 season with Rimini Baseball, in Italy, his last professional stop. He signed with the Saraperos de Saltillo of the Mexican Baseball League for the 2016 season. References

External links

1981 births
Akron Aeros players
Baseball players suspended for drug offenses
Brockton Rox players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Cardenales de Lara players
Cleveland Indians players
Detroit Tigers players
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Italy
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in South Korea
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in the United States
Gigantes del Cibao players
KBO League pitchers
Kinston Indians players

Living people
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball players from the Dominican Republic
Mexican League baseball pitchers
Navegantes del Magallanes players
Oklahoma RedHawks players
Pericos de Puebla players
Rimini Baseball Club players
Samsung Lions players
San Angelo Colts players
Saraperos de Saltillo players
Seattle Mariners players
South Georgia Waves players
Tacoma Rainiers players
Toledo Mud Hens players
Tomateros de Culiacán players
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
Naranjeros de Hermosillo players
Toros

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Cruceta
Francisco Cruceta


title: Richard Seddon

texts: <mask>  (22 June 1845 – 10 June 1906) was a New Zealand politician who served as the 15th Premier (Prime Minister) of New Zealand from 1893 until his death. In office for thirteen years, he is to date New Zealand's longest-serving head of government. <mask> was born in Eccleston near St Helens, Lancashire, in England. He arrived in New Zealand in 1866 to join an uncle in the West Coast goldfields. His prominence in local politics gained him a seat in the House of Representatives in 1879. Seddon became a key member of the Liberal Party under the leadership of John Ballance, but differed from him greatly due to his conservativism clashing with Ballance's progressivism. When the Liberal Government came to power in 1891 Seddon was appointed to several portfolios, including Minister of Public Works.His natural leadership and confrontational manner, however, led him to quickly rise to become the man who would control the fate of the Liberal Party itself. Seddon succeeded to the leadership of the Liberal Party following Ballance's death in 1893, inheriting a bill for women's suffrage, which was passed the same year despite <mask>'s opposition to it. <mask>'s government achieved many social and economic changes, such as the introduction of old age pensions. His personal popularity, charisma and strength overcame dissent from within his cabinet, with <mask> defeating a leadership challenge from Robert Stout, a progressive longtime ally of the deceased Ballance who was himself Ballance's chosen successor. This has been described as firmly establishing "Seddonism", a colloquial term for Seddon's strand of nationalist conservatism, as New Zealand's dominant political ideology. His government also purchased vast amounts of land from the Māori, aided by his allies Alfred Cadman and James Carroll as the Ministers of Native Affairs. He spent the 1899 general election trying to relieve New Zealand's parliament of the independent politicians who had so greatly dominated the

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title: Richard Seddon

texts: country's organised national politics since its provenance, in which he triumphed greatly.An imperialist in foreign policy, his attempt to incorporate Fiji into New Zealand failed, but he successfully annexed the Cook Islands in 1901. <mask>'s government supported Britain with troops in the Second Boer War (1899–1902) and supported preferential trade between British colonies. Seddon was the second New Zealand head of government to die in office, after his predecessor Ballance. Seddon was regarded as deeply regionalist; the late Professor of History at Victoria University of Wellington, D.A. Hamer, described him as "an intensely parochial politician...a great fighter for the interests of West Coasters but with no interest in or knowledge about wider New Zealand problems". His heritage from the region defined him not only as a politician, but as a man; he became well-known for the "uncouth" stereotypes of the generally West Coast Pākehā population of the time, expressed in his lack of education, boisterous and aggressive persona, and his dialectal tendency to drop his aitches. Seddon continued to live on the West Coast of the South Island throughout his premiership, only coming to Wellington on a regular basis very reluctantly, from the late 1890s.Seddon was also described as a man of secret brooding, who secretly battled anxiety and depression beneath his public surface of rodomontade and bravado; he hid his personal struggles to ensure his enemies would not feel pleasure knowing they had hurt him. Despite his personal insecurities, dominating and almost illiberal viewpoints, and erratic nature, he inspired serious and long-lasting loyalty among his cabinet members. Leading the Liberal Party until his death, the party afterwards struggled to recover, going through a string of leaders before essentially giving way to New Zealand's modern two-party system of what would become the Labour and National Parties. Ironically, this was something Seddon had been


title: Richard Seddon

texts:
 instrumental in creating, through his successful attempt at suppressing New Zealand's previously dominant political cohort of independents. Despite being derisively known as "King Dick" for his autocratic style, and criticised for his actions on Māori land deprivation and his views on race (especially towards Chinese), he has nonetheless been named as one of the greatest, most influential, and most widely known politicians in New Zealand history. Early life and family
Seddon was born in Eccleston, St Helens, Lancashire, England, in 1845. His father <mask> (born 1817) was a school headmaster, and his mother Jane Lindsay was a teacher.They married on 8 February 1842 at Christ Church, Eccleston. <mask> was the third of their eight children. Despite this background, Seddon did not perform well at school, and was described as unruly. Despite his parents' attempt to give him a classical education, Seddon developed an interest in engineering, but was removed from school at age 12. After working on his grandfather <mask>'s farm at Barrow Nook Hall for two years, Seddon was an apprentice at Daglish's Foundry in Sutton. He later worked at Vauxhall foundry in Liverpool, where he attained a Board of Trade Certificate as a mechanical engineer. On 15 June 1862, at the age of 16, Seddon decided to emigrate to Australia, on the SS Great Britain.He later provided his reasoning: "A restlessness to get away to see new, broad lands seized me: My work was irksome. I felt cramped." He entered the railway workshops at Melbourne, Victoria. He was caught by the gold fever and went to Bendigo, where he spent some time in the diggings. He did not meet with any great success. In either 1865 or 1866, he became engaged to Louisa Jane Spotswood, but her family would not permit marriage until Seddon was financially secure. Seddon moved to New Zealand's West Coast in 1866.Initially, he worked the goldfields in Waimea. He is believed to have prospered here, and he returned briefly to Melbourne to

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 marry Louisa. He established a store, and then expanded his business to include the sale of alcohol, becoming a publican. He was followed to the West Coast by his older sister Phoebe, younger brothers Edward and Jim and younger sister Mary. Phoebe married William Cunliffe on 9 May 1863 at Holy Trinity Church Eccleston. Their son Bill was Labour MP David Cunliffe's grandfather, making <mask>on David Cunliffe's great-great-uncle. Local politics
Seddon's first real involvement with politics was with various local bodies, such as the Arahura Road Board.In 1874 elected to the council of Westland Province, representing Arahura. He lost this position with the abolition of the provinces in 1876. Gradually, Seddon became known along the West Coast as an advocate for miners' rights and interests, and he was frequently consulted over various political issues. Kumara became a prominent goldmining town. Seddon was elected its first Mayor in 1877. He had staked a claim in Kumara the previous year, and had shortly afterwards moved his business there. Despite occasional financial troubles (he filed for bankruptcy in 1878), his political career prospered.Entry to Parliament

<mask> first sought election to the New Zealand House of Representatives in the 1876 election, standing for the Hokitika electorate. In the two-member electorate, he came fourth out of five candidates. In the 1879 election, he tried again, and was elected. He represented Hokitika to 1881, then Kumara from 1881 to 1890, then Westland from 1890 to his death in 1906. His son <mask> succeeded him as MP for Westland. In Parliament, Seddon aligned himself with George Grey, a former Governor turned Premier. Seddon later claimed to be particularly close to Grey, although some historians believe that this was an invention for political purposes.Initially, Seddon was derided by many members of Parliament, who mocked his "provincial" accent (which tended to drop the letter "h") and his lack of formal education. He

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 nevertheless proved quite effective in Parliament, being particularly good at "stonewalling" certain legislation. His political focus was on issues of concern to his West Coast constituents. He specialised on mining issues, became a recognised authority on the topic, and chaired the goldfields committee in 1887 and 1888. He aggressively proclaimed a populist anti-elitist philosophy in many speeches and toast. "It is the rich and the poor; it is the wealthy people and the landowners against the middle classes and the labouring classes," he explained. Liberal Party

Seddon joined the nascent Liberal Party, led by John Ballance, following the December 1890 general election.Their platform was for reform in the areas of land and labour. They were greatly helped by the abolition of plural voting, which allowed landowners in each district they owned land in to vote in them. <mask> was sworn into his first ministerial positions when the Liberals came to power in January 1891. He became minister of public works, mines, defence, and marine. He promoted co-operative contract system for road-making and other public works projects. Unlike Ballance who believed in classical liberalism, Seddon did not have any great commitment to any ideology. Rather, he saw the Liberals as champions of "the common man" against large commercial interests and major landowners.His strong advocacy for what he saw as the interests of ordinary New Zealanders won him considerable popularity. Attacks by the opposition, which generally focused on his lack of education and sophistication (one opponent said that he was only "partially civilised") reinforced his growing reputation as an enemy of elitism. Seddon quickly became popular across the country. Some of his colleagues, however, were not as happy, accusing him of putting populism ahead of principle, and of being an anti-intellectual. John Ballance, now Premier, had a deep commitment to liberal causes such as women's suffrage and Māori rights, which