title: Joseph Magliocco

texts:
 agreement. On August 20, 1961 <mask>i ordered the murder of Gallo members <mask> "Joe Jelly" Gioielli and Larry Gallo.Gunmen allegedly murdered Gioilli after inviting him to go fishing. Larry Gallo survived a strangulation attempt in the Sahara club of East Flatbush by Carmine Persico and Salvatore "Sally" D'Ambrosio after a police officer intervened. The Gallo brothers had been previously aligned with Persico against Profaci and his loyalists; The Gallos then began calling Persico "The Snake" after he had betrayed them. the war continued on resulting in nine murders and three disappearances. With the start of the gang war, the Gallo crew retreated to the Dormitory. Family boss
On June 6, 1962, Profaci died of liver cancer and <mask> became the family boss. However, the Mafia Commission did not endorse him as the new family leader.Afraid that the other New York families viewed him as weak, <mask> increased the tempo of violence against the Gallo faction. In turn, car bombs, drive-by shootings, and other murder attempts were made against Magliocco men such as Carmine Persico and his enforcer, Hugh McIntosh. In 1963, with the jailing of Gallo and several associates, the hostilities temporarily ended. Commission plot
In 1963, <mask>, the head of the Bonanno crime family, made plans to assassinate several rivals on the Mafia Commission—bosses Tommy Lucchese, Carlo Gambino, and Stefano Magaddino, as well as Frank DeSimone. Bonanno sought <mask>'s support, and <mask> readily agreed. Not only was he bitter from being denied a seat on the Commission, but Bonanno and Profaci had been close allies for over 30 years prior to Profaci's death. Bonanno's audacious goal was to take over the Commission and make <mask> his right hand man.<mask> was assigned the task of killing Lucchese and Gambino, and gave the contract to one of his top hit men, <mask>. However, the

masks:
Joseph Profac
Joseph
Magliocco
Magliocco
Joseph Bonanno
Magliocco
Magliocco
Magliocco
Magliocco
Joseph Colombo


title: Joseph Magliocco

type: original

texts:
 opportunistic Colombo revealed the plot to its targets. The other bosses quickly realized that <mask> could not have planned this himself. Remembering how close Bonanno was with <mask> (and before him, Profaci), as well as their close ties through marriages, the other bosses concluded Bonanno was the real mastermind. The Commission summoned Bonanno and <mask> to explain themselves. Fearing for his life, Bonanno went into hiding in Montreal, leaving <mask> to deal with the Commission. Badly shaken and in failing health, <mask> confessed his role in the plot.The Commission spared <mask>i family boss and pay a $50,000 fine. As a reward for turning on his boss, Colombo was awarded the Profaci family. Death
On December 28, 1963, <mask> died of a heart attack at Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Center in West Islip, New York. <mask> is buried in Saint Charles Cemetery in Farmingdale, New York. In 1969, the authorities exhumed <mask>avalcante crime family boss Sam DeCavalcante suggested that <mask> poisoned <mask>. However, no traces of poison were found in the body and it was re-interred at Saint Charles.In popular culture
<mask> was portrayed by Michael Rispoli in the second season of the 2019 TV series Godfather of Harlem. References

Further reading
Bonanno, Bill, Bound by Honor: A Mafioso's Story. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999. Capeci, Jerry, The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Mafia. Indianapolis: Alpha Books, 2002. Cirules, Enrique The Mafia in Havana: A Caribbean Mob Story. Melbourne: Ocean Press, 2004.Bureau of Narcotics, U.S. Treasury Department, "Mafia: the Government's Secret File on Organized Crime, HarperCollins Publishers 2007

1898 births
1963 deaths
Bosses of the Colombo crime family
American gangsters of Sicilian descent
People from Castellammare del Golfo
Colombo crime family
People from East Islip, New York
Burials at Saint Charles

masks:
Magliocco
Magliocco
Magliocco
Magliocco
Magliocco
Maglioccoac
Joseph Magliocco
Magliocco
MaglioccoC
Joseph Bonanno
Magliocco
Magliocco


title: Oriza Hirata

texts:
is a Japanese playwright, director, and academic. For the majority of his life, he has been best known for his work in theater and creating what he has coined, “contemporary colloquial theater,” or as theater critics call it, “quiet drama.”

Career
<mask> graduated from International Christian University as a part of their Humanities division. In 1983, he formed the Seinendan Theater Company, which he established in order to practice contemporary colloquial theater. In 1984, Seinendan settled into using the Komaba Agora Theater as their main base of operations. <mask> remains as the theater's primary artistic director and has continued to play a major role in the theater's management. <mask>'s first play, , first premiered in 1989, and has remained one of his most famous plays. 6 Years later, in 1994, he debuted , which is still considered his magnum opus.As a playwright, <mask> has continued to write and direct plays both at Komaba Agora theater, as well as theaters in Europe, the Americas, and other parts of Asia. He is also known for doing international collaborations both in Japan and all around the world, where he has worked with a multitude of playwrights and artists to introduce his own work to new audiences, as well as introduce foreign work to Japan. <mask> worked at Obirin University for six years as a professor in their theater department before moving onto Osaka University, where he works in their communication-design and robotics departments. Contemporary colloquial theater

Contemporary colloquial theater is a theatrical style <mask> <mask> founded as an answer to the “boisterous and festive nature of 1980s Japanese theater.” This style emphasizes colloquial Japanese language use that is designed to sound distinctly typical of the linguistic tendencies and patterns of everyday Japanese speaking. As a result, his plays oftentimes feature multiple characters talking at once, sentence fragments, inaudible speech, and an understated, "normal" speaking tone. This style informs his plays stylistically, both in

masks:
Oriza Hirata
Hirata
Hirata
Hirata
Hirata
Oriza
Hirata


title: Oriza Hirata

texts:
 language and plot, in the sense that Hirata emphasizes realism throughout. However, <mask> has preferred his own stylistic title of "contemporary colloquial theater" because he thinks that relatable terms like Shingeki or realism "sounded too much like the Western drama that [they] emulated."<mask>'s style is partially due to his identification the impact of Western style was having on Japanese arts. As a reaction, he has sought to create an artistic style more representative of typical Japanese language and culture. As a playwright, he founded the Seinendan theater company in 1983 as a way to push his acting style into the greater Japanese and international theatre scenes. <mask> has worked closely with international actors when translating his work to preserve the Japanese identity of the speech, which has particularly resonated with French audiences. This style also tends to emphasize a small, intimate set of characters—usually represented by the actors playing the role of a family—to serve as a “microcosm of Japanese society as a whole.”  Japanese theater scholar, M. Cody Poulton, describes <mask>'s style as an emphasis of the Greek idea of ethos, "the prevalent tone of sentiment of a people or community; the genius of an institution or system." Interdisciplinary work

After working at Obirin University as a theater professor, <mask> <mask> moved to work for Osaka University, where he collaborated in the scientific fields of communication-design and robotics. <mask> has participated in designing university classes that emphasize the communication environment for different fields in order for them to perform more successfully.For robotics, <mask> used his theater experience to attempt to make robots that act similarly to humans. While his work has been used to generally fulfill this role, he has also brought his work in robotics back to the theater, where he has incorporated robots in plays to explore themes of humanity. His play, I, Worker uses two robots as main characters to explore this very idea. He has

masks: Hirata Hirata Hirata Hirata Oriza Hirata Hirata Hirata


title: Oriza Hirata

texts:
 collaborated with robotics expert Hiroshi Ishiguro for his theatrical experiments using robots. International work and acclaim

Shortly after beginning his career as a playwright, <mask> <mask> has had a prolific international career—both touring his work around the world, as well as staging foreign playwrights work at his own theater in Japan. Beginning in the early 2000s, <mask>'s work started to garner international attention. With the help of Japan's Saison Foundation, a grant-making foundation that supports Japanese Theater, and Manhattan's Nonprofit organization Japan Society, <mask>'s most famous work, Tōkyō Notes was debuted in the United States in October 2000 in New York City.Japan Society's theater series, Japanese Theatre NOW, has helped bring a number of contemporary Japanese dramas to the United States, <mask>'s being notable since Tōkyō Notes was one of the first. Since then, <mask>'s work and company have traveled much of the world, including France, Belgium, Switzerland, Ireland, Germany, the United Kingdom, Korea, China, Australia, and Brazil. <mask> says that he believes he has "done the best work in France," where "the people in France have been very enthusiastic about [his] work." Both in France and Belgium, <mask> has collaborated with international actors and directors to bring his theatrical work to an international audience, as well as creating new commissioned work as both a playwright and director. <mask> has also collaborated on many international works inside of Japan, using his theater to stage plays by playwrights from France, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, the United States, Korea, and China. <mask>'s admiration for the French theater scene can be seen with these collaborations as well, as he has tended to stage more French plays than any other country he has collaborated with. A year after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, <mask> submitted a 10-minute play, along with 18 other American and Japanese artist, to be performed and documented in an event called Shinsai: Theaters For

masks: Oriza Hirata Hirata Hirata Hirata Hirata Hirata Hirata Hirata Hirata Hirata


title: Oriza Hirata

texts:
 Japan.The event happened that the Great Hall at Cooper Union in New York City. <mask>'s play, entitled "Sayonara II", tells the story of a partially-broken robot who is asked to read poems to the people who died after the disaster. Accolades

39th Kishida Prize for Drama for his play Tōkyō Notes  (1995). 5th Yomiuru Theater Outstanding Director Award for producing Masataka Matsuda's play The Cape of the Moon (1998). 9th Yomiuri Theater Award for Outstanding Production on his play Attacking Ueno Zoo for the Fourth Time (2002). Association Internationale des Critiques des Théâtre Critique Award for his book Arts as the Basis of a Nation (2002). Winner of the Grand Prix of the 2nd Asahi Performing Arts Awards for his play Across the River in May (2003).Montblanc de la Culture Arts Patronage Award (2006). List of works

Major works
1989: : One of <mask>'s earliest and most critically acclaimed works, Citizens of Seoul tackles Japan's superiority complex over Korea during their colonization. 1994: : <mask>'s most famous and praised work around the world, Tōkyō Notes takes place in a museum where a number of people's personal lives are examined in order to gain a fuller picture of the political, social, and cultural context of a near-future Japan. 2002: : Summarizing the world's history post-WWII, this is one of Hiraza's most grand dramas in terms of scope. Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Joseph Stalin are the only 3 characters in the play. Recent works
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Other notable works
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External links
 Seinendan

References

1962 births
Living people
Japanese directors
Osaka University faculty
20th-century Japanese dramatists and playwrights
21st-century Japanese dramatists and playwrights
International Christian University alumni
J. F.

masks: Hirata Hirata Hirata


title: Nemesio Camacho

texts:
<mask> (November 1869 - 7 May 1929) was a Colombian businessman and politician. The Stadium Nemesio Camacho in Bogotá is named after him. He was the manager of the Bank of the Republic, the Colombian Train of the Pacific and the Tramways of Bogotá. He was also Ministry of Finance and Public Credit appointed by the President Rafael Reyes. His son <mask>, was the person who offered the land where the stadium would be constructed. Biography
<mask> (Subachoque, Colombia, November 1869 - Paris, France, May 7, 1929) was a Colombian lawyer, politician, and businessman. He was a minister, senator and the chief of the Central Bank of Bogota Tram and Pacific Railroad.His son <mask> donated the land which was called "El Campin" to build the football stadium that bears his name in Bogota. <mask> <mask> was born in the town of Subachoque (Cundinamarca) in November 1869, the same year his mother, Isabel Macias, died. In 1882 he was admitted to study at the College of San Bartolomé in Bogotá and in the same year, his father, Silverio <mask>, died. Later studied in literature National University, but he interrupted his studies to study philosophy and law at the External University ending in 1890. He obtained a law degree with "outstanding acclaim". At their level, opening a law office and exercising the right to 1895, when the civil war begins, and he financially supports and funds generals Servant Sarmiento and Rafael Uribe in the Company of the West. At this time he was appointed director of the Liberal Party and is postulated as a candidate for president with John the Evangelist Manrique and Miguel Samper .After the war, he returned to his trade as a lawyer until 1905, when capital brings Pepe Sierra to the creation of the Central Bank and is appointed manager, a position he held until August 1907. In the same year, 1905 Rafael Reyes closed the Congress and <mask> <mask> was elected representative in the Assembly of Cundinamarca. In 1908 it is part of society that is responsible for organizing the concession for the construction of the Pacific Railway and the following year associates on a Milk

masks:
Nemesio Camacho Macías
Luis Camacho Matiz
Nemesio Camacho Macias
Luis Camacho
Nemesio
Camacho
Camacho
Nemesio
Camacho


title: Nemesio Camacho

texts:
 issuance of the certificate of citizenship for all voters. This project is approved as Law 31 of November 12, 1929, 5 with 41 votes in the House and 21 votes in the Senate, a few months after his death. Due to his health, he traveled to France for medical treatment, but died on May 7 of 1929. His remains were repatriated and buried in the Central Cemetery of Bogota. Properties

The Estadio Nemesio Camacho El Campin. At death, Camacho left an immense fortune primarily consisting of properties in Bogota and shares in different companies, the result of its business activities, the exercise of their profession and family heritage.In 1934 the mayor of Bogotá Jorge Gaitan drove the idea to build a football stadium for the citizens taking advantage of the 400th birthday of the capital and to receive the 1938 Bolivarian Games . Councilman <mask> Matiz, son of Nemesio <mask> El Campin offered hacienda that was part of the goods that were the legacy of his father (located in Old Street Cundinamarca) as land to build the stadium that bears his name. References

Bibliography
 470 years of Bogota: A cinematic look at Estadio El Campin, Colombian Film Heritage Foundation, accessed November 30, 2010. Berdugo Cotera, Elber (August 15, 2004) Nemesio Camacho Macias, a businessman cundiboyacence highland, Journal of Business Administration School No. 51. Bogota: University School of Business Administration, p. 134-157. Biography of <mask> <mask>, Luis Angel Arango Library, accessed November 30, 2010.El Campin, a stadium with history, Profile, November 18, 2007. "Law 31 of 1929" Congress of Colombia. Retrieved January 31, 1929. Davila Ladron de Guevara, Carlos (2003). Colombian Entrepreneurship: a historical perspective. University of Los Andes. Marquez Rubio, Juan Carlos (2002).<mask> <mask>, businessman and politician, 1869-1929. Monograph thesis. University of Los Andes. 1929 deaths
1869 births
People from Cundinamarca Department
Universidad Externado de Colombia alumni
Colombian lawyers
Colombian Liberal Party politicians
Colombian Ministers of Finance and Treasury
Colombian Ministers of Public

masks:
Luis Camacho
Camacho
Nemesio
Camacho
Nemesio
Camacho


title: Mohamed E. El-Hawary

texts:
<mask>Mo) <mask>-<mask>-Hawary (; born 3 February 1943 in Sohag – died 26 July 2019 in Halifax), was an Egyptian-born Canadian scientist of electric power system studies and the involvement of traditional/modern optimization algorithms, fuzzy systems, and artificial neural networks in their applications. <mask>-Hawary was a mathematician, electrical engineer, computational intelligence researcher and professor of electrical and computer engineering at Dalhousie University. <mask>y served as general chair for many conferences. He is a lecturer for the IEEE Power and Energy Society (IEEE-PES), the IEEE Industry Applications Society (IEEE-IAS), and IEEE Canada. Also, he is a fellow of IEEE, EIC, CAE, and CCPE. In electric power systems engineering, <mask>y pioneered computational and artificial intelligence solutions to problems such as: power flow analysis, optimal power flow, economic load dispatching, unit commitment, power system stability, power system protection and relaying, power system quality, power system security, power system communication and networking, control theory, fuzzy system, artificial neural network, etc. Additionally, he authored the book Electric Power system Design and Analysis, an academic textbook about electric power engineering.Biography

Personal life

<mask>-Aref <mask>-Hawary was born in Alexandria, Egypt on 3 February 1943 to Mahmoud Fahmy <mask>-Hawary. <mask>-Hawary graduated from Abbasia Senior High in 1960 with a General Secondary Education Certificate and his name was listed on the first outstanding students list, which granted him admittance to the University of Alexandria. In 1965, <mask>-Hawary graduated there with a BSc in Electrical Power

masks:
Mohamed (
El
Aref El
El
El Hawar
El Hawar
Mohamed El
El
El
El
El


title: Mohamed E. El-Hawary

texts:
 Engineering and subsequently received a scholarship from Izaak Walton Killam Memorial to study Ph.D. in the same field at the University of Alberta (1968-1972) with G. S. Christensen. Before travelling to Canada, he married Ferial <mask>-Bibany, who became the president of IEEE Canada in the period between 2008 and 2009. They have two sons, Robert (Bob) and <mask>-Hawary, and one daughter, Bette. <mask>-Hawary died on Friday July 26, 2019 at the Halifax Infirmary QE II Hospital in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Academic life

<mask>-Hawary has taught electrical and computer engineering at DalTech (previously known as Technical University of Nova Scotia (TUN)) of Dalhousie University since September 1981.Between January 1974 to December 1980, <mask>-Hawary served on engineering faculty at Memorial University of Newfoundland and was Chair of Electrical Engineering. He was Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering at COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in the period between May 1972 to December 1973. He was an Instructor, in the Departments of Electrical Engineering, at the Universities of Alexandria and Alberta. In 1960, <mask>-Hawary graduated from Abbasia Senior High, Alexandria, Egypt. He has a B.Sc. from the University of Alexandria (Class of 1965), and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering, the University of Alberta (1968-1972), Edmonton, where he was an Izaak Walton Killam Memorial fellow. <mask>y was a registered PEng.in the Association of Professional Engineers of Nova Scotia. He was a member of the founding committee responsible for establishing the IEEE Newfoundland and Labrador Subsection in 1975, and served in various capacities in the Subsection.

masks:
El
Ron El
El
El
El
El
El Hawar


title: Mohamed E. El-Hawary

texts: <mask>-Hawary served as Chair of IEEE Canada's Publications Committee, IEEE Canada Recognition and Awards Committee IEEE Canada, (1994-1998), Chair Recognition Working Group of the Power Systems Engineering Committee, IEEE, and Chair of IEEE Main Prize Paper Awards Committee. He was a Member of the IEEE Awards Board. He was Chair of Power Engineering Education Committee's Life Long Learning Subcommittee, and chaired the Operating Economics Subcommittee in the Power Engineering Society. <mask>y was President Canadian Society for Electrical Engineering and vice-president of Engineering Institute of Canada (1986–88). He wrote eleven textbooks and monographs, was author of over 162 referred Journal articles, 199 conference papers, and supervisor of 62 graduate students.<mask>-Hawary was a member of the editorial board of IEEE/OUP Encyclopedia of Electrical and Computer Engineering. He was Founding Editor, Power Letters, Power Engineering Society, and Associate Editor for the three major Electric Machines and Power Systems' Journals. He was also a lecturer for the IEEE Power and Energy Society, the IEEE Industry Applications Society, and IEEE Canada. <mask>-Hawary was Editor of IEEE Expert Now Power Engineering Series, and Electrical Power Engineering, McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. <mask>-Hawary pioneered in many analytical and numerical computations to solve complicated problems of interconnected electric power systems that contains different types and technologies of generating machines, including: thermal, hydro, nuclear, solar, wind, tidal, and other renewable/sustainable/green energy resources. His research interests covered most of the fields of electric

masks:
El
El Hawar
El
El
El


title: Mohamed E. El-Hawary

texts:
 power engineering, including: power flow/optimal power flow, power system operation and operational planning, power system dynamic and control, power system protection and relaying, machinery design, smart grids and modern networks, renewable/sustainable/green energy, fuzzy systems and its applications, and artificial neural networks (ANNs) and its applications. Medals and awards

 1999: IEEE Canada General A.G.L.McNaughton Gold Medal
 1999: IEEE Educational Activities Board Meritorious Achievement Award
 2001: EIC Canadian Pacific and the Julian C. Smith Medals
 2010: IEEE Canada W.S. Read Outstanding Service Medal
 20xx: IEEE Power Engineering Educator of the Year Award

Publications

Books

Edited work

Presentations

Full refereed journal papers

Criticism
<mask>-Hawary was often criticized for poor academic performance inside the classroom. References

External links

 "Interview with the Editor in Chief of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Magazine, Prof. <mask>-Hawary, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada." Issue 54: March, 2016
 "eNewsletter Editor, the second issue of the IEEE SMC Society e-Newsletter." Issue 2: June, 2012
 2000 EIC Awards
 M. E<mask>-Hawary's webpage of the foundation members of IEEE Canada: http://www.ieeecanadianfoundation.org/EN/bios/mo.php
 M. E<mask>-Hawary's DBLP page: http://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/e/El=Hawary:Mohamed_E=

2019 deaths
Egyptian emigrants to Canada
Electrical engineering academics
Ain Shams University faculty
Ain Shams University alumni
University of Alberta alumni
Dalhousie University
Canadian electrical engineers
Memorial University of Newfoundland
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
1943 births
Fellow Members of

masks:
El
Mo El
. El
. El


title: Majora Carter

texts:
<mask> (born October 27, 1966) is an American urban revitalization strategist and public radio host from the South Bronx area of New York City. <mask> founded and led the non-profit environmental justice solutions corporation Sustainable South Bronx from 2001 onward, before entering the private sector in 2008. Early life
<mask> was born in South Bronx, New York where she attended the Head Start Program and primary schools. After graduating from the Bronx High School of Science, she entered Wesleyan University in 1984 to study film and went on to obtain a Bachelor of Arts. In 1997, she received a Master of Fine Arts from New York University (NYU). While at NYU, she returned to her family's home in Hunts Point, and later worked for The Point Community Development Corporation. While Associate Director of The POINT Community Development Corporation, <mask> initiated the development of Hunts Point Riverside Park.<mask> was "pulled by her dog into a weedy vacant lot strewn with trash at the dead end of Lafayette Avenue. As the pair plowed through the site they ended up, much to <mask>'s surprise, on the banks of the Bronx River." From there, <mask> secured a $10,000 grant from a USDA Forest Service program to provide seed money for river access restoration projects. Over a five-year period she worked with other community members and the Parks Department to help leverage that seed money into more than $3 million from the mayor's budget. The money was used to build the park into the Rudy Bruner award-winning iteration which re-opened in 2006. Career

Advocacy
In August 2001, after exploring and then declining to engage in a campaign for NY City Council, <mask> founded Sustainable South Bronx (SSBx), where she served as executive director until July 2008. During that time, SSBx advocated the development of the Hunt's Point Riverside Park which had been an illegal garbage dump.<mask> was a co-founder of the Bronx River Alliance

masks:
Majora Carter
Carter
Carter
Carter
Carter
Carter
Carter
Carter
Carter


title: Majora Carter

texts: [bronxriveralliance.org], and SSBx continued to carry on <mask>'s involvement in Bronx River waterfront restoration projects. In 2003, Sustainable South Bronx started the Bronx Environmental Stewardship Training program, one of the nation's first urban green collar training and placement systems. Other SSBx projects have centered around fitness, food choices (including the creation of a community market), and air quality. In 2007, <mask> co-founded Green for All with Van Jones. A December 2008 New York Times profile called <mask> "The Green Power Broker" and "one of the city's best-known advocates for environmental justice" but reported that some South Bronx activists (who would not go on record) stated that <mask> has taken credit for accomplishments when others should share the credit as well as taking credit for uncompleted projects. Other Bronx activists (who did agree to be named) stated that her recognition was well deserved. <mask> was a torch-bearer for a portion of the San Francisco leg of the torch relay of the 2008 Summer Olympics.Many portions of the torch relay, including the San Francisco leg, were met with protests concerning the policies of the Chinese government toward Tibet. Although <mask> had signed a contract pledging not to use an Olympic venue for political or religious causes, when she and John Caldera were passed the torch during their part of the relay, she pulled out a small Tibetan flag that she had concealed in her shirt sleeve. Members of the Chinese torch security escort team pulled her out of the relay and San Francisco police officers pushed her into the crowd on the side of the street. Fellow torch-bearer, retired NYFD firefighter Richard Doran, who was making his own personal and political statement by wearing a helmet to refer to the firefighters who died in the September 11 attacks, called <mask>'s actions "disgusting and appalling" and said that he thought "she dishonored herself and her

masks: Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter


title: Majora Carter

texts:
 family". Another torch-bearer, retired NYPD police officer Jim Dolan, agreed with Doran. Media

Majora <mask>'s TED talk was one of the first six publicly released talks to launch the TED.com website in 2006. <mask> has made appearances in, and/or written, and produced television and radio programs, including HBO's The Black List: Volume 2, American Public Media's Market Place, and PRX's This I Believe series and has hosted several pieces on urban sustainability with Discovery Communications' Science Channel.She has been featured in corporate promotional videos and advertisements for companies such as Cisco Systems, Frito-Lay, Intel, Holiday Inn, HSBC, Visa, Mazda and Honda. In 2014, <mask> was the on-camera and voice over host of "Water Blues - Green Solutions", a one-hour documentary on Green Infrastructure in several American cities, produced by Pennsylvania State University TV for the Public TV Market. In 2015, <mask> played "TSA Agent 1" opposite Meryl Streep in Ricky and the Flash, directed by Johnathon Demme. From 2007 to 2010, <mask> co-hosted on The Green, a television segment dedicated to the environment, shown on the Sundance Channel. The first season consisted of a series of 90 second op-eds shot in studio. The second season consisted of a series of short interview pieces with individuals taking uncommon approaches to environmental problems. In 2008, <mask> and Marge Ostroushko co-produced the pilot episode of the public radio show, The Promised Land (radio), which won a 3-way competition for a Corporation for Public Broadcasting Talent Quest grant.The one-hour programs debuted on over 150 public radio stations across the US on January 19, 2009, was renewed for the 2010/2011 season, and earned a 2010 Peabody Award, but went unsupported by the public radio funding organizations after that period, and has since stopped production. <mask> co-authored a white paper on urban heat island mitigation and a peer-reviewed


title: Majora Carter

texts:
 article, Elemental carbon and PM(2.5) levels in an urban community heavily impacted by truck traffic. In February 2022 Penguin Random House is releasing Ms <mask>'s first book, Reclaiming Your Community: You Don't Have to Move Out of Your Neighborhood to Live in a Better One published by Berret-Koehler Publishers. Consulting
After leaving Sustainable South Bronx, <mask> has served as president of a private consulting firm, Majora Carter Group, LLC (MCG). In the June 2010 issue of Fast Company magazine, <mask> was listed as one of the 100 Most Creative People in Business. In 2014, B Corporation (certification) recognized MCG as one of the "Best for the World" according to its ranking among other B Corps of similar size. In 2012, <mask>'s consulting firm, Majora Carter Group LLC (MCG) accepted FreshDirect as a client to help the company and local organizations connect prior to its proposed relocation to the Harlem River Yards in the South Bronx.Activists opposed to the relocation, claimed New York City Government and FreshDirect failed to conduct sufficient environmental review and community outreach. A lawsuit and boycott campaign were initiated to stop the relocation. That lawsuit was dismissed, and a subsequent appeal was also dismissed; both were filed by New York Lawyers for the Public Interest. Sustainable South Bronx, an organization <mask> founded, opposed FreshDirect's move to the Bronx. Subsequent votes by Bronx Community Board 1 and the NYC Industrial Development Agency both voted to approve the move to the Bronx. South Bronx youth development NGO leader Maryann Hedaa stated that <mask> "realizes that fighting poverty has to be a partnership between the public interests and the private interests." Regarding the negative attitude among Bronx activists towards <mask>'s position, Steve Ritz, founder of Green Bronx Machine, noted that "It's much easier to run your mouth than run a business."The project broke ground


title: Majora Carter

texts:
 December 22, 2014 and was scheduled to be completed before the end of 2016. FreshDirect started hiring in the Bronx ahead of its move in anticipation. Despite activist's concerns over increased truck traffic as a result of the new FreshDirect facility, no comparative studies showing before and after amounts of traffic or air borne pollutants from truck traffic were conducted, so it is not possible to conclusively state that a substantial negative effect occurred. Tech-Economy Inclusion
In 2007, while running Sustainable South Bronx, <mask> <mask> introduced MIT's first ever Mobile fab lab (digital fabrication laboratory) to the South Bronx, where it served as an early iteration of the "maker spaces" found elsewhere today. The project drew residents and visitors together for guided and creative collaborations. In 2013, <mask> joined the Advisory Board member of the Bronx Academy of Software Engineering High School. After Co-Founding StartUp Box #SouthBronx in 2012 as a social enterprise to seed diverse participation in the knowledge economy, she launched StartUp Box #QA (Quality Assurance testing services) which assisted in the launch of Mayor Bill DeBlasio's Digital.NYC in 2014.<mask> then took StartUp Box to victory at the national Blogher Conference in 2015, winning the pitch contest with $250,000 worth of in-kind services from SheKnows Media. The social enterprise eventually went on to win second place in both the MIT Inclusion Innovation and the Village Capital & Kapoor Capital People Ops Competitions in 2016, (each garnering a $25,000 prize), as well as the Digital Diversity Network's Code Breaker Award in 2016

She is a BusinessInsider.com 'Silicon Alley 100', and her 2006 TEDtalk was one of 6 to launch that groundbreaking site. <mask> is also a co-founder of the Bronx Tech Meetup, which includes 700+ members. She served as a judge for the NYC Office of Digital Media's "Reinvent Payphones Design Challenge". Awards and

masks: Majora Carter Carter Carter Carter


title: Laurence des Cars

texts:
<mask> (born <mask> on 13 June 1966) is a French general curator of heritage and art historian, since September 2021 Director of the Louvre Museum after having headed the Musée d'Orsay and Musée de l'Orangerie. Biography
<mask> was born in Antony, France. She is the daughter of the journalist and writer  and granddaughter of the novelist <mask> (himself the second son of <mask>, 5th Duc <mask>). She studied art history at Paris-Sorbonne University and École du Louvre, then joined the Institut national du patrimoine and took her first position as curator at the Musée d'Orsay in 1994. She is a specialist on the art of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. She is the author of numerous illustrated essays, including a book on Pre-Raphaelites for the collection 'Découvertes Gallimard', Les Préraphaélites : Un modernisme à l'anglaise (1999); L'art français : Le XIXᵉ siècle (Flammarion, 2008);  (RMN Grand Palais, 2013), et cetera. <mask> was appointed scientific director of the  in July 2007, French operator in charge of the development of the Louvre Abu Dhabi.She was also promoted to general curator of heritage in 2011 and was appointed director of the Musée de l'Orangerie in January 2014, by the Minister of Culture, Aurélie Filippetti. On 27 February 2017, she was officially appointed director of the Musée d'Orsay by the then French President François Hollande. She has been appointed to assume the role of Director of the Louvre Museum from 1 September 2021, becoming the first woman to hold the position in the establishment's 228-year history. Honours
<mask> <mask> is the

masks:
Laurence des Cars
Laurence Élisabeth de Pérusse des Cars
Laurence des Cars
Guy des Cars
François de Pérusse des Cars
des Cars
Laurence des Cars
Laurence des
Cars


title: Laurence des Cars

texts: chevalier of the Legion of Honour and National Order of Merit, officer of Arts and letters. In 1848, during the reign of Queen Victoria, English painting, had been bogged down in the convention. The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, by radically innovative aesthetic choices, would bring it back to life. John Everett Millais, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, and William Holman Hunt are the original members of this Brotherhood.They claimed a freedom and authenticity that they felt painting had lost since academicism has regarded Raphael as a model. Supported by art critic John Ruskin, who was the voice of modernity at the time, this group of young people—they were only 20 years old—took inspiration from the medieval art, just like the neo-Gothic architects did before them. Their works reflect both a sense of nature and a social concern. The second generation of artists of this Brotherhood, led by Edward Burne-Jones and William Morris, applied their principles to the decor, furniture, and illustrated books, influencing 'Symbolist Europe' through their imaginary. <mask> <mask>, chronicler of this artistic story of rebellion, retraces its history in this small 1999 volume, entitled  (lit. 'The Pre-Raphaelites: An English Modernism'; English-language edition – The Pre-Raphaelites: Romance and Realism), published by Éditions Gallimard in its  series of the  collection. The book is illustrated with 125 illustrations, 95 in colour, and has five chapters: I, 'A Victorian Rebellion'; II, 'Avant-Garde Archaism (1848–51)'; III, 'Individual Destinies (1852–6)'; IV, 'Artistic Careers' (1857–70); V, 'Towards

masks:
Laurence des
Cars


title: Manuel De Peppe

texts:
<mask> is an Italian actor, musician, composer, arranger, and producer. He spent the majority of his career as an actor and singer, but in 2005 moved to the United States primarily as a composer, music producer and arranger. Early life
<mask> was born in Milan, Italy in 1970. He spent most of his early years studying acting, music, dubbing, vocal, piano, and drums at the Centre Theatre Activity Academy in Milan, and at age 14 he passed the SIAE composers examination. Around the same time, he began to work in advertising, acting in commercials and as a model for two years. Actor
In 1986, <mask> played the character of "Matt" (the drummer of the band Beehive) in an Italian TV series called Love Me Licia, his first major role in broadcast television. He followed this up from 1987 to 1993 with a series of soap operas and television films, such as Licia Dolce Licia (Licia sweet Licia) and Don Tonino.In the Don Tonino series, <mask> demonstrated his skills in both comedy scenes and dramatic scenes. He received positive reviews. Music

masks:
Manuel De Peppe
Manuel De Peppe
De Peppe
De Peppe


title: Manuel De Peppe

texts:
In 1993 <mask> started to compose, arrange, and producing music for different TV Networks. He collaborated with others including Peer Music, Bill Champlin, Tamara Champlin, Piero Cassano, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Ivana Spagna, Toto Cutugno, Marco Grasso, Pablo Manavello,  Jorge Luis Cachin, Martha Cancel, Bernadette O'Reilly, Anthony Fedorov, Clara Serina, Franco Fasano, Danilo Amerio and Ariztia. In 2008 he reunited the band Bee Hive under the new name of Bee Hive Reunion and composed and produced a new single "Don't Say Goodbye". In 2011 Bee Hive Reunion toured Italy. <mask>pe released  singles as a solo singer.Hosting
1995 Hosted "Quelli Di Domani" at Teatro Nazionale of Milan, Italy. 2010 Hosted "Miss Italia USA California 2010"  in Sausalito, California, USA. Recognition
In 1990, <mask> was invited to the Campidoglio in Rome where he was awarded the "Oscar dei giovani" award as artist of the year. In 1997, <mask> was awarded the "TOKYMEKY 97" prize of the Japanese Anime Festival in Milan for his musical and production

masks:
De Peppe
De Pep
De Peppe
De Peppe


title: William P. Yoerg

texts:
<mask> (October 16, 1883 – September 26, 1957), sometimes referred to as Bill Yoerg, was an American politician, businessman, and the 32nd mayor of Holyoke, Massachusetts. A tire salesman and garage proprietor prior to his political career, Yoerg established his company, Yoerg Tire & Rubber Company in 1909, reportedly selling more U.S. Brand tires than any other New England competitor during his time in business, overseeing it in some capacity until his retirement in 1954. During his tenure as mayor, he presided during several WPA projects, including the expansion of Mackenzie Stadium, completion of the city's War Memorial Building, and the construction of flood controls in the downtown and Springdale. He also ran an unsuccessful campaign for Lieutenant Governor in 1938. Personal life

<mask> was born in South Hadley Falls, Massachusetts on October 16, 1883 to Michael John, a mill supervisor, and <mask> (née O'Brien). Yoerg would attend public school in South Hadley until he was 13, when he took up work as an errand boy and eventual clerk for the J. Russell & Company Hardware Store in Holyoke.At 18 he became a clerk and eventual manager for the Revere Tire Company on Main Street, beginning his automotive business career, and by the age of 23 was serving as a travelling sales representative for Diamond Rubber. On November 17, 1907, he married his wife, Mary G. Dugan of Ware at St. Patrick's Church in South Hadley, and on April 19, 1909 went on to open his own tire business. Initially across from City Hall at 496 Dwight Street, Yoerg would gradually build his business over the next three decades with the phrase "Call Yoerg, 804", capitalizing

masks:
William Paul Yoerg
William Paul Yog
Nellie Yoerg


title: William P. Yoerg

texts:
 on the still-relatively new telephone system. He would change locations several times to accommodate his growing business until he eventually settled Yoerg Tire and Rubber at 158 Chestnut Street in 1915, where it remained until his retirement in 1954; his former garage building still stands at that address today. Prior to his election he would also serve as the president of the Holyoke Automobile Maintenance Association and on the board of directors of the Tri-County Automobile Club. Mayoralty

In 1934 Yoerg would run for the first time against incumbent Mayor Henry Toepfert, but this first campaign proved unsuccessful. On October 30, 1935, Yoerg again took out nomination papers.Although his father, a mill supervisor, had been active in Democratic politics, Yoerg's campaign and subsequent win in the throes of the Great Depression were reported as unexpected by the Boston Herald. Yoerg managed to successfully posture himself as a more responsive alternative to the incumbent Henry Toepfert, with his campaign chairman labeling the mayor "dictatorial" for his refusal to enforce traffic orders passed by the board of alderman for new stop signs and traffic patterns. He would go across the city appealing to many of its clubs and groups across ethnic and class lines, reportedly holding 10 rallies in a single day, criticizing the incumbent administration's actions as opaque and unresponsive. Ultimately by characterizing his opponent as autocratic, chastising Toepfert's hold over the welfare commission, and using accident statistics and appealing to his experience in the automotive industry, <mask> was able to win over voters. He won in an electoral


title: S. Rajeswara Rao

texts:
<mask> (11 October 1922 – 25 October 1999) was an Indian composer, multi instrumentalist, conductor singer-songwriter, actor, music producer, and musician known for his works predominantly in South Indian cinema. Regarded as one of the finest music composers, <mask>'s works are noted for integrating Indian classical music in Telugu cinema for over half a century. In his recordings, <mask> pioneered the use of light music in Telugu cinema; "Thummeda Oka saari", "Kopamela Radha", "Podarintilona", "Rave Rave Koyila", "Challa Gaalilo" and "Paata Paduma Krishna" were all written by his father. <mask>'s most rewarding assignments came from Gemini Studios, which he joined in 1940 and with which he remained for a decade. After leaving Gemini, he received an offer to provide music for B. N. Reddy's "Malleeswari" in 1950; the song was a hit. "Vipranarayana", "Missamma" and a host of other musical hits – more than a hundred in Telugu most of which won the National Film Awards for best film(s), and Tamil and a few in Kannada – followed. When Vijaya's Missamma (originally a Telugu film) was remade as Miss Mary in Bollywood, the film's soundtrack retained one of <mask>'s compositions.Early career

<mask>'s introduction to cinema came unexpectedly, in the form of Mr. Huchins' (of the Huchins Recording Company) visit to <mask>'s home district of Vizianagaram in 1934. A child prodigy, <mask> could identify the Carnatic music ragams at age four; by the time he was seven, he was giving stage performances. Huchins spotted young <mask> <mask>'s talent, and took him to Bangalore with his father; there, young <mask> recorded "Bhagawat Gita". Film producers P. V.

masks:
Saluri Rajeswara Rao
Rao
Rao
Rao
Rao
Rao
Rao
Rao
Rajeswara
Rao
Rao


title: S. Rajeswara Rao

texts:
 Das and Gudavalli Ramabramham visited Bangalore and, impressed by <mask>'s singing ability, brought him to Madras. They cast him as Lord Krishna in their production of Sri Krishna Leelalu in 1934. The film was released the next year (1935) and Rajeshwara <mask> became a household name all over Andhra Pradesh. <mask> went to Calcutta (now Kolkata) to act in Keechaka Vadha, and met such stalwarts as Kundan <mask> and Pankaj Mullick.He became a disciple of <mask> and studied Hindustani music for a year, learning to play the sitar and surbahar. <mask> had already mastered playing the tabla, dholak, and miridangam; later instruments were piano, harmonium, mandolin and electric guitar. He learned orchestration, and how to mix the sounds of different instruments. Music director
Returning to Madras in 1938, <mask> formed his own music troupe. He worked as assistant to Jayaramayyar for a Tamil film, Vishnuleela, in which he also played the role of Balarama and sang his own songs. He became a full-fledged music director on the film Jayaprada. He continued acting in Bala Nagamma and Illalu (in which he played opposite his singing partner, Raavu Balasaraswathi).When <mask> entered the industry, there was no playback system. The actors sang and acted at the same time as the orchestra played in the background, unseen by the camera. While he was making Illalu, the playback system became popular. Among the classical ragas, <mask> liked "Mohanam" "Bhimplas (Abheri)", "<mask>u Bhairavi", "Kafi", "Kalyani", "Pahad" and "Malkauns (Hindolam)", which he used most frequently in his songs. He not only integrated Indian Classical Music but also experimented with

masks:
Rao
Rao
Rao
Lal Saigal
Saigal
Rao
Rao
Rao
Rao
Sindh


title: S. Rajeswara Rao

texts:
 foreign music styles(Persian,Arabic,Spanish) in his Malliswari (1951 film) . People with love called him 'RA"SALURU"'(Juicy) Rajeshwara <mask>, as it was his compositions, which seemed to have made people to feel like eating/drinking sweet juices while listening to them.In other words he is capable of illustrating NAVARASA's(Nine Moods/Emotional states) with his compositions.His songs "Narayana Nee Leela NAVARASA Bharitam" and "Manavude Mahaneeyudu" from 1972 film Bala Bharatam stands testimony for this. Whether it was "Mrogindi Kalyana Veena" from Kurukshetram (1977 film) or "Abhinandana Mandara Maala" from Tandra Paparayudu (film) he always has shown authenticity in his mark compositions.His two assistants (for over four decades), Rajagopal and Krishnan – both well-versed in classical music – were an asset to him. Never compromised with self respect,known for his sensitive nature, he walked away from many projects,similar to Daana Veera <mask>ra Karna film. At times,He only whispered saying " Vaari ki Vaare Kaavali, Memu Avasaramu Ledu". So much of depth in those words from this Bengali Ras Malai.It is Sour Curry time!. He was one of the music directors to make use of Persian music in Indian film compositions. Personal life
<mask> was born in the village of Sivaramapuram, near Salur in Vizianagaram district (formerly Srikakulam district), Andhra Pradesh, India. His father, <mask> Raju, was a famous mridangam player at concerts performed by Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu and also a lyricist.<mask> was married to Rajeswari Devi; the couple had five sons and four daughters. His eldest son, <mask> Ramalingeswara <mask>, was a piano and

masks: Rao Soo Rao Sanyasi Rao Saluri Rao


title: S. Rajeswara Rao

texts:
 electric-organ player in South India. His second son, <mask> Poornachandra <mask>, was a guitarist. His third and fourth sons, <mask> Vasu <mask> and <mask> Koteswara <mask> (Koti), are also music directors in the Telugu film industry. <mask>'s youngest son, <mask> Koti Durga Prasad, is not associated with the film industry. His daughters are Ramadevi, Mangamma, Kousalya, and Vijayalakshmi. <mask> <mask> <mask>'s elder brother, <mask> Hanumantha <mask>, was a music director in the Kannada and Telugu film industry.Awards and honors
Honorary doctorate Kalaprapoorna in 1979 by Andhra University
Asthana Vidwan of Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams, during which time he composed music for Annamacharya Keerthanas. Kalaimamani award from Tamil Nadu Iyal Isai Nataka Mandram
Raghupathi Venkaiah Award from the Andhra Pradesh for his outstanding contribution to Telugu cinema in 1992
''Nandi Award for Best Music Director in 1980 for <mask> Kanyaka Parameswari Mahathmyam
On 10 October 2018, Indian Post issued a commemorative postage stamp in honor of <mask> <mask> <mask>. <mask> visited the United States of America in 1981, performing at the Telugu Association of North America conference and the Telugu Literary and Cultural Association (TLCA). Filmography

See also
Raghupathi Venkaiah Award

References

1922 births
1999 deaths
Indian male film actors
Telugu film score composers
Tamil film score composers
Kannada film score composers
Telugu playback singers
20th-century Indian male actors
20th-century Indian composers
People from Vizianagaram district
Film musicians from Andhra Pradesh
20th-century Indian singers
Indian male film score composers
20th-century

masks:
Saluri
Rao
Saluri
Rao
Saluri
Rao
Rao
Saluri
Saluri
Rajeswara
Rao
Saluri
Rao
Sri Vasavi
Saluri
Rajeswara
Rao
Travel Rao


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
Sir <mask> ( 1532 – 6 April 1590) was principal secretary to Queen Elizabeth I of England from 20 December 1573 until his death and is popularly remembered as her "spymaster". Born to a well-connected family of gentry, <mask> attended Cambridge University and travelled in continental Europe before embarking on a career in law at the age of twenty. A committed Protestant, during the reign of the Catholic Queen Mary I of England he joined other expatriates in exile in Switzerland and northern Italy until Mary's death and the accession of her Protestant half-sister, Elizabeth. <mask> rose from relative obscurity to become one of the small coterie who directed the Elizabethan state, overseeing foreign, domestic and religious policy. He served as English ambassador to France in the early 1570s and witnessed the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. As principal secretary, he supported exploration, colonization, the use of England's maritime strength and the plantation of Ireland. He worked to bring Scotland and England together.Overall, his foreign policy demonstrated a new understanding of the role of England as a maritime Protestant power with intercontinental trading ties. He oversaw operations that penetrated Spanish military preparation, gathered intelligence from across Europe, disrupted a range of plots against Elizabeth and secured the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots. Origins and early life

<mask> was born in about 1532, probably at Foots Cray, near Chislehurst in Kent, the only son of <mask> (died 1534), a successful and well-connected London lawyer who served as a member of the commission

masks:
Francis Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham
Francis Walsingham
William Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 appointed to investigate the estates of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey in 1530. William's elder brother was Sir <mask>, Lieutenant of the Tower of London. <mask>'s mother was Joyce Denny, a daughter of the courtier Sir Edmund Denny of Cheshunt in Hertfordshire, and a sister of the courtier Sir Anthony Denny, the principal Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to King Henry VIII. After the death of her first husband she married the courtier Sir John Carey in 1538. Carey's brother William was the husband of Mary Boleyn, the elder sister of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII.Of <mask>'s five sisters, Mary married Sir Walter Mildmay, who was Chancellor of the Exchequer for over 20 years, and Elizabeth married the parliamentarian Peter Wentworth. <mask> matriculated at King's College, Cambridge, in 1548 with many other Protestants but as an undergraduate of high social status did not sit for a degree. From 1550 or 1551, he travelled in continental Europe, returning to England by 1552 to enrol at Gray's Inn, one of the qualifying bodies for English lawyers. Upon the death in 1553 of Henry VIII's successor, Edward VI, Edward's Catholic half-sister Mary became queen. Many wealthy Protestants, such as John Foxe and John Cheke, fled England, and <mask> was among them. He continued his studies in law at the universities of Basel and Padua, where he was elected to the governing body by his fellow students in 1555. Rise to power
Mary I died in May 1558 and was succeeded by her Protestant half-sister Elizabeth.<mask> returned to England and through the support of one of his fellow former exiles, <mask>, 2nd

masks:
Edmund Walsingham
Francis
Francis
Francis Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham
Francis Russell


title: Francis Walsingham

texts: Earl of Bedford, he was elected to Elizabeth's first parliament as the member for Bossiney, Cornwall, in 1559. At the subsequent election in 1563, he was returned for both Lyme Regis, Dorset, another constituency under Bedford's influence, and Banbury, Oxfordshire. He chose to sit for Lyme Regis. In January 1562 he married Anne, daughter of Sir George Barne, Lord Mayor of London in 1552–3, and widow of wine merchant Alexander Carleill. Anne died two years later leaving her son Christopher Carleill in <mask>'s care. In 1566, <mask> married Ursula St. Barbe, widow of Sir Richard Worsley, and Walsingham acquired her estates of Appuldurcombe and Carisbrooke Priory on the Isle of Wight. The following year, she bore him a daughter, Frances.<mask>'s other two stepsons, Ursula's sons John and George, were killed in a gunpowder accident at Appuldurcombe in 1567. In the following years, <mask> became active in soliciting support for the Huguenots in France and developed a friendly and close working relationship with Nicholas Throckmorton, his predecessor as MP for Lyme Regis and a former ambassador to France. By 1569, <mask> was working with William Cecil to counteract plots against Elizabeth. He was instrumental in the collapse of the Ridolfi plot, which hoped to replace Elizabeth with the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots. He is credited with writing propaganda decrying a conspiratorial marriage between Mary and Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, and Roberto di Ridolfi, after whom the plot was named, was interrogated at <mask>'s house. In 1570, the Queen chose <mask> to support the Huguenots in their

masks: Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts: negotiations with Charles IX of France. Later that year, he succeeded Sir Henry Norris as English ambassador in Paris.One of his duties was to continue negotiations for a marriage between Elizabeth and Charles IX's younger brother Henry, Duke of Anjou. The marriage plan was eventually dropped on the grounds of Henry's Catholicism. A substitute match with the youngest brother, <mask>, Duke of Alençon, was proposed but <mask> considered him ugly and "void of a good humour". Elizabeth was 20 years older than Alençon, and was concerned that the age difference would be seen as absurd. <mask> believed that it would serve England better to seek a military alliance with France against Spanish interests. The defensive Treaty of Blois was concluded between France and England in 1572, but the treaty made no provision for a royal marriage and left the question of Elizabeth's successor open. The Huguenots and other European Protestant interests supported the nascent revolt in the Spanish Netherlands, which were provinces of Habsburg Spain.When Catholic opposition to this course in France resulted in the death of Huguenot leader Gaspard de Coligny and the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, <mask>'s house in Paris became a temporary sanctuary for Protestant refugees, including Philip Sidney. Ursula, who was pregnant, escaped to England with their four-year-old daughter. She gave birth to a second girl, Mary, in January 1573 while <mask> was still in France. He returned to England in April 1573, having established himself as a competent official whom the Queen and Cecil could trust. He cultivated contacts

masks: Francis Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 throughout Europe, and a century later his dispatches would be published as The Complete Ambassador. In the December following his return, <mask> was appointed to the Privy Council of England and was made joint principal secretary (the position which later became "Secretary of State") with Sir Thomas Smith. Smith retired in 1576, leaving <mask> in effective control of the privy seal, though he was not formally invested as Lord Privy Seal.<mask> acquired a Surrey county seat in Parliament from 1572 that he retained until his death, but he was not a major parliamentarian. He was knighted on 1 December 1577, and held the sinecure posts of Recorder of Colchester, custos rotulorum of Hampshire, and High Steward of Salisbury, Ipswich and Winchester. He was appointed Chancellor of the Order of the Garter from 22 April 1578 until succeeded by Sir Amias Paulet in June 1587, when he became Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in addition to principal secretary. Secretary of State

The duties of the principal secretary were not defined formally, but as he handled all royal correspondence and determined the agenda of council meetings, he could wield great influence in all matters of policy and in every field of government, both foreign and domestic. During his term of office, <mask> supported the use of England's maritime power to open new trade routes and explore the New World, and was at the heart of international affairs. He was involved directly with English policy towards Spain, the Netherlands, Scotland, Ireland and France, and embarked on several diplomatic missions to neighbouring European

masks: Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts: states. Closely linked to the mercantile community, he actively supported trade promotion schemes and invested in the Muscovy Company and the Levant Company.He supported the attempts of John Davis and Martin Frobisher to discover the Northwest Passage and exploit the mineral resources of Labrador, and encouraged Humphrey Gilbert's exploration of Newfoundland. Gilbert's voyage was largely financed by recusant Catholics and <mask> favoured the scheme as a potential means of removing Catholics from England by encouraging emigration to the New World. <mask> was among the promoters of <mask>'s profitable 1578–1581 circumnavigation of the world, correctly judging that Spanish possessions in the Pacific were vulnerable to attack. The venture was calculated to promote the Protestant interest by embarrassing and weakening the Spanish, as well as to seize Spanish treasure. The first edition of Richard Hakluyt's Principal Navigation, Voyages and Discoveries of the English Nation was dedicated to <mask>. <mask> advocated direct intervention in the Netherlands in support of the Protestant revolt against Spain, on the grounds that although wars of conquest were unjust, wars in defence of religious liberty and freedom were not. Cecil was more circumspect and advised a policy of mediation, a policy that Elizabeth endorsed.<mask> was sent on a special embassy to the Netherlands in 1578, to sound out a potential peace deal and gather military intelligence. Charles IX died in 1574 and the Duke of Anjou inherited the French throne as Henry III. Between 1578 and 1581 the Queen resurrected attempts to negotiate a

masks:
Walsingham
Walsingham
Francis Drake
Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts: marriage with Henry III's youngest brother, the Duke of Alençon, who had put himself forward as a protector of the Huguenots and a potential leader of the Dutch. <mask> was sent to France in mid-1581 to discuss an Anglo-French alliance, but the French wanted the marriage agreed first and <mask> was under instruction to obtain a treaty before committing to the marriage. He returned to England without an agreement. Personally, <mask> opposed the marriage, perhaps to the point of encouraging public opposition. Alençon was a Catholic and as his elder brother, Henry III, was childless, he was heir presumptive to the French throne.Elizabeth was past the age of childbearing and had no clear successor. If she died while married to him, her realms could fall under French control. By comparing the match of Elizabeth and Alençon with the match of the Protestant Henry of Navarre and the Catholic Margaret of Valois, which occurred in the week before the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, the "most horrible spectacle" he had ever witnessed, <mask> raised the spectre of religious riots in England in the event of the marriage proceeding. Elizabeth put up with his blunt, often unwelcome, advice, and acknowledged his strong beliefs in a letter, in which she called him "her Moor [who] cannot change his colour". These were years of tension in policy towards France, with <mask> sceptical of the unpredictable Henry III and distrustful of the English ambassador in Paris, Edward Stafford. Stafford, who was compromised by his gambling debts, was in the pay of the Spanish and passed vital information to Spain. <mask>

masks: Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts: may have been aware of Stafford's duplicity, as he fed the ambassador false information, presumably in the hope of fooling or confusing the Spanish.The pro-English Regent of Scotland James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton, whom <mask> had supported, was overthrown in 1578. After the collapse of the Raid of Ruthven, another initiative to secure a pro-English government in Scotland, <mask> reluctantly visited the Scottish court in August 1583, knowing that his diplomatic mission was unlikely to succeed. James VI dismissed <mask>'s advice on domestic policy saying he was an "absolute King" in Scotland. <mask> replied with a discourse on the topic that "young princes were many times carried into great errors upon an opinion of the absoluteness of their royal authority and do not consider, that when they transgress the bounds and limits of the law, they leave to be kings and become tyrants." According to James Melville of Halhill, James VI intended to give Walsingham a valuable diamond ring as a parting gift, but James Stewart, Earl of Arran, who Walsingham had ignored, substituted a ring of crystal. A mutual defence pact was eventually agreed in the Treaty of Berwick of 1586. <mask>'s cousin Edward Denny fought in Ireland during the rebellion of the Earl of Desmond and was one of the English settlers granted land in Munster confiscated from Desmond.<mask>'s stepson Christopher Carleill commanded the garrisons at Coleraine and Carrickfergus. <mask> thought Irish farmland was underdeveloped and hoped that plantation would improve the productivity of estates. Tensions between the native Irish and the


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 English settlers had lasting effects on the history of Ireland. <mask>'s younger daughter Mary died aged seven in July 1580; his elder daughter, Frances, married Sir Philip Sidney on 21 September 1583, despite the Queen's initial objections to the match (for unknown reasons) earlier in the year. As part of the marriage agreement, <mask> agreed to pay £1,500 of Sidney's debts and gave his daughter and son-in-law the use of his manor at Barn Elms in Surrey. A granddaughter born in November 1585 was named Elizabeth after the Queen, who was one of two godparents along with Sidney's uncle, Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester. The following year, Sidney was killed fighting the Spanish in the Netherlands and <mask> was faced with paying off more of Sidney's extensive debts.His widowed daughter gave birth, in a difficult delivery, to a second child shortly afterward, but the baby, a girl, was stillborn. Espionage
<mask> was driven by Protestant zeal to counter Catholicism, and sanctioned the use of torture against Catholic priests and suspected conspirators. Edmund Campion was among those tortured and found guilty on the basis of extracted evidence; he was hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn in 1581. <mask> could never forget the atrocities against Protestants he had witnessed in France during the Bartholomew's Day massacre and believed a similar slaughter would occur in England in the event of a Catholic resurgence. <mask>'s brother-in-law Robert Beale, who was in Paris with <mask> at the time of the massacre, encapsulated <mask>'s view: "I think it time and more than time for us to awake out of

masks: Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 our dead sleep, and take heed lest like mischief as has already overwhelmed the brethren and neighbours in France and Flanders embrace us which be left in such sort as we shall not be able to escape." Walsingham tracked down Catholic priests in England and supposed conspirators by employing informers, and intercepting correspondence. <mask>'s staff in England included the cryptographer Thomas Phelippes, who was an expert in deciphering letters and in forgery, and Arthur Gregory, who was skilled at breaking and repairing seals without detection.In May 1582, letters from the Spanish ambassador in England, Bernardino de Mendoza, to contacts in Scotland were found on a messenger by Sir John Forster, who forwarded them to Walsingham. The letters indicated a conspiracy among the Catholic powers to invade England and displace Elizabeth with Mary, Queen of Scots. By April 1583, <mask> had a spy, identified as Giordano Bruno by historian John Bossy, deployed in the French embassy in London. <mask>'s contact reported that <mask>, a nephew of <mask>'s old friend Nicholas Throckmorton, had visited the ambassador, Michel de Castelnau. In November 1583, after six months of surveillance, <mask> had Throckmorton arrested and then tortured to secure a confession—an admission of guilt that clearly implicated Mendoza. The Throckmorton plot called for an invasion of England along with a domestic uprising to liberate Mary, Queen of Scots, and depose Elizabeth. Throckmorton was executed in 1584 and Mendoza was expelled from England.Entrapment of Mary, Queen of Scots
After the assassination in mid-1584 of William

masks:
Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham
Francis Throckmorton
Walsingham
Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts: the Silent, the leader of the Dutch revolt against Spain, English military intervention in the Low Countries was agreed in the Treaties of Nonsuch of 1585. The murder of William the Silent also reinforced fears for Queen Elizabeth's safety. <mask> helped create the Bond of Association, the signatories of which promised to hunt down and kill anyone who conspired against Elizabeth. The Act for the Surety of the Queen's Person, passed by Parliament in March 1585, set up a legal process for trying any claimant to the throne implicated in plots against the Queen. The following month Mary, Queen of Scots, was placed in the strict custody of Sir Amias Paulet, a friend of <mask>. At Christmas, she was moved to a moated manor house at Chartley. <mask> instructed Paulet to open, read and pass to Mary unsealed any letters that she received, and to block any potential route for clandestine correspondence.In a successful attempt to entrap her, <mask> arranged a single exception: a covert means for Mary's letters to be smuggled in and out of Chartley in a beer keg. Mary was misled into thinking these secret letters were secure, while in reality they were deciphered and read by <mask>'s agents. In July 1586, Anthony Babington wrote to Mary about an impending plot to free her and kill Elizabeth. Mary's reply was clearly encouraging and sanctioned Babington's plans. <mask> had Babington and his associates rounded up; fourteen were executed in September 1586. In October, Mary was put on trial under the Act for the Surety of the Queen's Person in front of 36 commissioners, including <mask>. During the


title: Francis Walsingham

texts: presentation of evidence against her, Mary broke down and pointed accusingly at <mask> saying, "all of this is the work of Monsieur de <mask> for my destruction", to which he replied, "God is my witness that as a private person I have done nothing unworthy of an honest man, and as Secretary of State, nothing unbefitting my duty."Mary was found guilty and the warrant for her execution was drafted, but Elizabeth hesitated to sign it, despite pressure from <mask>. <mask> wrote to Paulet urging him to find "some way to shorten the life" of Mary to relieve Elizabeth of the burden, to which Paulet replied indignantly, "God forbid that I should make so foul a shipwreck of my conscience, or leave so great a blot to my poor posterity, to shed blood without law or warrant." <mask> made arrangements for Mary's execution; Elizabeth signed the warrant on 1 February 1587 and entrusted it to William Davison, who had been appointed as junior Secretary of State in late September 1586. Davison passed the warrant to Cecil and a privy council convened by Cecil without Elizabeth's knowledge agreed to carry out the sentence as soon as was practical. Within a week, Mary was beheaded. On hearing of the execution, Elizabeth claimed not to have sanctioned the action and that she had not meant Davison to part with the warrant. Davison was arrested and imprisoned in the Tower of London.<mask>'s share of Elizabeth's displeasure was small because he was absent from court, at home ill, in the weeks just before and after the execution. Davison was eventually released in October 1588, on the orders of Cecil and <mask>.


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 Spanish Armada
From 1586, <mask> received many dispatches from his agents in mercantile communities and foreign courts detailing Spanish preparations for an invasion of England. <mask>'s recruitment of Anthony Standen, a friend of the Tuscan ambassador to Madrid, was an exceptional intelligence triumph and Standen's dispatches were deeply revealing. <mask> worked to prepare England for a potential war with Spain, in particular by supervising the substantial rebuilding of Dover Harbour, and encouraging a more aggressive strategy. On <mask>'s instructions, the English ambassador in Turkey, William Harborne, attempted unsuccessfully to persuade the Ottoman Sultan to attack Spanish possessions in the Mediterranean in the hope of distracting Spanish forces. <mask> supported <mask>'s raid of Cadiz in 1587, which wrought havoc with Spanish logistics.The Spanish Armada sailed for England in July 1588. <mask> received regular dispatches from the English naval forces, and raised his own troop of 260 men as part of the land defences. On 18 August 1588, after the dispersal of the armada, naval commander Lord Henry Seymour wrote to <mask>, "you have fought more with your pen than many have in our English navy fought with their enemies". In foreign intelligence, <mask>'s extensive network of "intelligencers", who passed on general news as well as secrets, spanned Europe and the Mediterranean. While foreign intelligence was a normal part of the principal secretary's activities, <mask> brought to it flair and ambition, and large sums of his own money. He cast his net more widely than others had done

masks:
Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham
Francis Drake
Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 previously: expanding and exploiting links across the continent as well as in Constantinople and Algiers, and building and inserting contacts among Catholic exiles. Among his spies may have been the playwright Christopher Marlowe; Marlowe was in France in the mid-1580s and was acquainted with <mask>'s kinsman <mask>.Death and legacy
From 1571 onwards, <mask> complained of ill health and often retired to his country estate for periods of recuperation. He complained of "sundry carnosities", pains in his head, stomach and back, and difficulty in passing urine. Suggested diagnoses include cancer, kidney stones, urinary infection, and diabetes. He died on 6 April 1590, at his house in Seething Lane. Historian William Camden wrote that <mask> died from "a carnosity growing intra testium tunicas [testicular cancer]". He was buried privately in a simple ceremony at 10 pm on the following day, beside his son-in-law, in Old St Paul's Cathedral. The grave and monument were destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666.His name appears on a modern monument in the crypt listing the important graves lost. In his will, dated 12 December 1589, <mask> complained of "the greatness of my debts and the mean state [I] shall leave my wife and heirs in", but the true state of his finances is unclear. He received grants of land from the Queen, grants for the export of cloth and leases of customs in the northern and western ports. His primary residences, apart from the court, were in Seething Lane by the Tower of London (now the site of a Victorian office building called Walsingham House), at Barn Elms in Surrey and

masks:
Walsingham
Thomas Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham
Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts: at Odiham in Hampshire. Nothing remains of any of his houses. He spent much of his own money on espionage in the service of the Queen and the Protestant cause. In 1586, he funded a lectureship in theology at Oxford University for the Puritan John Rainolds.He had underwritten the debts of his son-in-law, Sir Philip Sidney, had pursued the Sidney estate for recompense unsuccessfully and had carried out major land transactions in his later years. After his death, his friends reflected that poor bookkeeping had left him further in the Crown's debt than was fair. In 1611, the Crown's debts to him were calculated at over £48,000, but his debts to the Crown were calculated at over £43,000 and a judge, Sir Julius Caesar, ordered both sets of debts cancelled quid pro quo. <mask>'s surviving daughter Frances received a £300 annuity, and married the Earl of Essex. Ursula, Lady <mask>, continued to live at Barn Elms with a staff of servants until her death in 1602. Protestants lauded Walsingham as "a sound pillar of our commonwealth and chief patron of virtue, learning and chivalry". He was part of a Protestant intelligentsia that included Philip Sidney, Edmund Spenser and John Dee: men who promoted an expansionist and nationalist English Renaissance.Spenser included a dedicatory sonnet to <mask> in the Faerie Queene, likening him to Maecenas who introduced Virgil to the Emperor Augustus. After <mask>'s death, Sir John Davies composed an acrostic poem in his memory and Watson wrote an elegy, Meliboeus, in Latin. On the other hand, Jesuit Robert Persons thought <mask> "cruel and inhumane" in his

masks: Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 persecution of Catholics. Catholic sources portray a ruthless, devious man driven by religious intolerance and an excessive love for intrigue. <mask> attracts controversy still. Although he was ruthless, his opponents on the Catholic side were no less so; the treatment of prisoners and suspects by Tudor authorities was typical of European governments of the time. <mask>'s personal, as opposed to his public, character is elusive; his public papers were seized by the government while many of his private papers, which might have revealed much, were lost.The fragments that do survive demonstrate his personal interest in gardening and falconry. Portrayal in fiction
Fictional portrayals of <mask> tend to follow Catholic interpretations, depicting him as sinister and Machiavellian. He features in conspiracy theories surrounding the death of Christopher Marlowe, whom he predeceased. Charles Nicholl examined (and rejected) such theories in The Reckoning: The Murder of Christopher Marlowe (1992), which was used as a source by Anthony Burgess for his novel A Dead Man in Deptford (1993). The 1998 film Elizabeth gives considerable, although sometimes historically inaccurate, prominence to <mask> (portrayed by Geoffrey Rush). It fictionalizes him as irreligious and sexually ambiguous, merges chronologically distant events, and inaccurately suggests that he murdered Mary of Guise. Rush reprised the role in the 2007 sequel, Elizabeth: The Golden Age.Both Stephen Murray in the 1970 BBC series Elizabeth R and Patrick Malahide in the 2005 Channel Four miniseries Elizabeth I play him as a dour official.


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 Explanatory notes

Citations

References

 Adams, Simon; Bryson, Alan; Leimon, Mitchell (2004). "<mask>, Sir <mask> (c. 1532–1590)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, online ed. May 2009,  (subscription required)
 Cooper, John (2011). The Queen's Agent: <mask> at the Court of Elizabeth I. London: Faber & Faber. .
 Fraser, Antonia (1994) [1969]. Mary Queen of Scots. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. .
 Hasler, P. W. (1981)."<mask>, <mask> (c. 1532–90), of Scadbury and Foots Cray, Kent; Barn Elms, Surr. and Seething Lane, London", History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558–1603. Hutchinson, Robert (2007). Elizabeth's Spy Master: <mask> and the Secret War that Saved England. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. .
 Latham, Bethany (2011). Elizabeth I in Film and Television: A Study of the Major Portrayals. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. .
 Parker, Geoffrey (2000).The Grand Strategy of Philip II. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. .
 Rozett, Martha Tuck (2003). Constructing a World: Shakespeare's England and the New Historical Fiction. Albany, NY: SUNY Press. .
 Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2012). Western Civilization: Since 1500. Eighth edition.Boston: Wadsworth. .
 Wilson, Derek (2007). Sir <mask>: A Courtier in an Age of Terror. New York: Carroll & Graf. .

Further reading

 Bossy, John (1991). Giordano Bruno and the Embassy Affair. New Haven & London: Yale University Press. .
 Budiansky, Stephen (2005). Her Majesty's Spymaster: Elizabeth I, Sir <mask>, and the Birth of Modern Espionage. New York: Viking. .
 Haynes, Alan (2004).Walsingham: Elizabethan Spymaster &

masks:
Walsingham
Francis
Francis Walsingham
Walsingham
Francis
Francis Walsingham
Francis Walsingham
Francis Walsingham


title: Francis Walsingham

texts:
 Statesman. Stroud, Glos. : Sutton. .
 Hutchinson, John (1892). Sir <mask>". Men of Kent and Kentishmen. Canterbury: Cross & Jackman. pp.140–141. Read, Conyers (1925). Mr Secretary <mask> and the Policy of Queen Elizabeth. Oxford: Clarendon Press (an exhaustive three-volume biography that is still valuable despite its age). Via the Internet Archive: Volume 1 , Volume 2 , and Volume 3 . External links

1530s births
1590 deaths
16th-century English diplomats
16th-century spies
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
Ambassadors of England to France
Ambassadors of England to Scotland
Burials at St Paul's Cathedral
Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster
Chancellors of the Order of the Garter
English knights
English spies
Members of Gray's Inn
People from Chislehurst
Secretaries of State of the Kingdom of England
Spymasters
<mask>
Year of birth

masks:
Francis Walsingham
Walsingham
Francis


title: Lou Bonnevie

texts:
<mask>, better known by her stage name <mask> (born October 6, 1965 in Bicol), is a Filipina pop rock musician. She has released several albums since the beginning of her career in 1984. Her music was also used in the AD Police OVA series in Japan. She is the first cousin of Dina Bonnevie. She attended University of Saint Anthony High School in Iriga City and University of Santo Tomas in España, Manila. She is of French and Spanish descent. Life
Bonnevie is the fifth child in a brood of seven.Her father is the youngest in the Bonnevie clan, whose ancestors migrated from France to Pasacao in Camarines Sur, Bicol. Her mother, who is of Filipino-Spanish lineage, hails from Manila. They were a traveling family that lived a country life with horses in ranches that her parents managed. Bonnevie showed her flair for music at an early age, singing in family gatherings and school events. She honed most of her musical skills in playing the guitar and composing songs during her primary schooling in Bicol. By the time her family moved to Manila in the 1980s, she was ready to perform professionally in small clubs and hotels as she continued her secondary and college studies. She was monickered “Twinkle” because of her hazel and captivating eyes.Her very first professional composition was a song called “Nawawalang Karapatan” (A Song Abhorring Abortion) which became a finalist in a Children’s Rights Competition. Career
In 1984 she launched her musical career via a music concert held that year, Next in Line. Bonnevie has had hundreds of live shows, performing with the top Filipino artists and backed up by seasoned musicians both from the mainstream and alternative scenes. Venues vary from the hotel ballrooms and concert halls creating “concept shows” and theatrical rock concerts" with multimedia productions to "jamming sessions" and "unplugged productions" in top rock clubs. Her repertoire consists of her originals plus re arrangements and adaptations of "soul", "rock

masks:
Maria Lourdes Rosario Perello Bonnevie
Lou Bonnevie


title: Lou Bonnevie

texts: & roll", "folk & blues" classics essayed in pop genre. Music has taken her all over the Philippines and abroad – She has toured with Gary Valenciano in the US and has done her own major shows in the Middle East (Bahrain, Dubai and Al-ain), Singapore and Japan. Lately, she toured several Asian countries in connection with her “Only Human “ album promotions.In 25 years, Bonnevie has earned six major studio albums and one live album including 3 international releases, 3 Kareoke releases and 3 compilation releases. In 1984, she released her self-titled album <mask>ie, produced and released by WEA Records. It spawned four hit songs—the fast tracks “I’m Every Girl” and "Rockin’ The Beat" and the rock ballads "What a Fool I Am” and "I Need Your Love." Her follow-up My World from WEA Records was released in 1986 and produced the nationwide hit song "Love Me Tonight" and the classic Tagalog ditty, ”Lagi Lagi Na Lang”. In the 1980s Bonnevie endorsed 7-up's version of "7up the difference is clear" with Kim Cranes' worldwide hit "Bette Davis Eyes" tune. In 1985, she appeared in her first regular noontime show, “Eto Yun Ang Galing” as a HOST. In 1986, she debuted in her first comic acting shows in “Eh Kasi Babae” (with actor Michael De Mesa) and “Plaza 21 “ (with top comedian Dolphy) paving the way to her regular TV Musical show in Kuh ledesma’s “Star Café” until 1987.In 1992, Bonnevie together with husband/artist/music director Toto Gentica formed their own production house, Dimitri Productions (named after son Mikael Dimitri). In 1992 & 1993, she recorded “Your Love” in her own studio and released it under her independent record company, Sonata Records, and was distributed by Alpha Records. The single “Sleepless Nights” earned an AWIT awards nomination for the Best Rock Category. The classic original composition, “Sa ‘Yo Lamang” was also released. It is in the 1990s that Bonnevie became the endorser of international brand, Colgate, and sang the TV hit song “Get


title: Lou Bonnevie

texts:
 Partnership for Clean Air, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Department of Transportation and Communications(DOTC) and Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA) in recognition of her environmental advocacy and as an ambassadress of the cause. Thereafter she released a music video entitled “Halina, Sama, Sama Tayo” produced by the Environmental Management Bureau of DENR to push the campaign on “Clean Air”. The music video is on YouTube rotation. In November, she headlines the “Clean Air Pwede?” concert in celebration of the Clean Air Month. In 2013 Bonnevie, together with her family and supporters founded Earthday Jam Foundation, an offshoot from the successful annual “Earthdayjam”. Their initial project is “Tara,Tara sa Corregidor Coastal clean Up”, a unique mix of advocacy-history and music in one. “Tara tara sa Corregidor Part 2 “(In Celebration of the September Coastal Clean Up Month); “ The Earthday Jam National Tour” are in the offing for 2013, with Bonnevie spearheading the Philippines foremost performers.Discography

Albums
In a span of 25 years, Bonnevie has recorded 6 studio albums and 1 live album, including 3 international albums. 1984: <mask>ie
1987: My World
1992: Your Love
199? : Live on Campus
1994: She Knows How to Rock
2000: Tisay
2009: Only Human

Studio releases
Albums and its singles. 1990: Gallforce 2 (Polydor)
"Excuse Me"
"I Need Your Love"
 1992–93: A.D. Police (anime soundtrack) (Bandai Records)
"Your Love Album"
 A.D. Police: Phantom Lady (guest vocals) (Bandai Records)
 Bubblegum Crisis (anime soundtrack)

Songs featured in commercials
1994: "Get Electrical"
"Mintirinse" - Colgate

Videoke releases
 1994–95: (Bell International)
Love Me Tonight
Lagi Lagi Na Lang
I Need Your Love

References

External links
The <mask> Bonnevie Story

1969 births
Living people
Filipino women pop singers
Filipino people of French descent
Filipino people of Spanish descent
Filipino rock singers
Singers from Camarines Sur
University

masks:
Lou Bonnev
Lou


title: Claude Adrien Helvétius

texts:
<mask> (; ; 26 January 1715 – 26 December 1771) was a French philosopher, freemason and littérateur. Life
<mask> was born in Paris, France, and was descended from a family of physicians, originally surnamed Schweitzer (meaning "Swiss" in German; Latinized as Helvétius). His great-grandfather Johann Friedrich Schweitzer known as "Helvetius", was an Dutch physician and alchemist, of German extraction. His grandfather Adriaan Helvetius introduced the use of ipecacuanha; his father <mask> was first physician to Marie Leszczyńska, queen of France. <mask> was trained for a financial career, apprenticed to his maternal uncle in Caen, but he occupied his spare time with poetry. Aged twenty-three, at the queen's request, he was appointed as a farmer-general, a tax-collecting post worth 100,000 crowns a year. Thus provided for, he proceeded to enjoy life to the utmost, with the help of his wealth and liberality, his literary and artistic tastes - he attended, for example, the progressive Club de l'Entresol.As he grew older, he began to seek more lasting distinctions, stimulated by the success of Pierre Louis Maupertuis as a mathematician, of Voltaire as a poet, and of Montesquieu as a philosopher. His wife, Anne-Catherine de Ligniville, Madame Helvétius, maintained a salon attended by the leading figures of the Enlightenment for over five decades. In 1758 Helvétius published his philosophical magnum opus, a work called De l'esprit (On Mind), which claimed that all human faculties are attributes of mere physical sensation, and that the only real motive is self-interest, therefore there is no good and evil, only competitive pleasures. Its atheistic, utilitarian and egalitarian doctrines raised a public outcry, and the Sorbonne publicly burned it in 1759, forcing Helvétius to issue several

masks:
Claude Adrien Helvétius
Claude Adrien Helvétius
Jean Claude Adrien Helvétius
Claude Adrien


title: Claude Adrien Helvétius

texts:
 retractions. In 1764 Helvétius visited England, and the next year, at the invitation of Frederick II, went to Berlin, where the king paid him much attention. After 10 years, when he thought his fortune sufficient, he gave up the post of farmer-general, and retired to a country estate in France, where he employed his fortune in the relief of the poor, the encouragement of agriculture and the development of industries. For this he won the admiration of many of the philosophers.Helvétius' family lived alternately on Château de Voré (Collines des Perches, Loir-et-Cher) and their Parisian townhouse at the rue Sainte-Anne. Philosophy

De l'esprit and its reception
Helvétius' philosophical studies ended in the production of his famous book De l'esprit (On Mind). It was first published in 1758 and was intended to be the rival of Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws, with Helvétius arguing strongly against Montesquieu's theory that climate influenced the character of nations. The work attracted immediate attention and aroused the most formidable opposition, especially from the dauphin Louis, son of King Louis XV. The Advocate General Joly de Fleury condemned it in the Parlement of Paris in January 1759. The Sorbonne condemned the book, while the priests persuaded the court that it was full of the most dangerous doctrines. The book was declared to be hereticalso atheistic that it was condemned by Church and State and was burned.<mask>, terrified at the storm he had raised, wrote three separate and humiliating retractions. In spite of his protestations of orthodoxy, the book was publicly burned by the Paris hangman. It had far-reaching negative effects on the rest of the philosophes, in particular, Denis Diderot, and the great work he was doing on the Encyclopédie. The religious authorities,


title: Claude Adrien Helvétius

texts:
 Jean François de Saint-Lambert, 1773), in which he develops the idea that true happiness is only to be found in making the interest of one person that of all. Bibliography
A work called De l'homme, de ses facultés intellectuelles et de son éducation, found among his manuscripts, was published after his death. There is a complete edition of the works of Helvétius, published at Paris, 1818. For an estimate of his work and his place among the philosophers of the 18th century see Victor Cousin's Philosophie sensualiste (1863); PL Lezaud, Résumés philosophiques (1853); FD Maurice, in his Modern Philosophy (1862), pp. 537 seq. ; J Morley, Diderot and the Encyclopaedists (London, 1878); DG Mostratos, Die Pädagogik des Helvétius (Berlin, 1891); A Guillois, Le Salon de Madame Helvétius (1894); A Piazzi, Le idee filosofiche specialmente pedagogiche de C. A. <mask> (Milan, 1889); Georgi Plekhanov, Beiträge zur Geschichte des Materialismus (Stuttgart, 1896); L Limentani, Le teorie psicologiche de C. A. Helvétius (Verona, 1902); A Keim, Helvétius, sa vie et son œuvre (1907); Isaiah Berlin, "Helvétius" in Freedom and Its Betrayal: Six Enemies of Liberty, ed.Henry Hardy, (Oxford, 2002), pp. 11–26. References

External links

 A Treatise on Man: His Intellectual Faculties & His Education by Helvétius  - English translation by W. Hooper, 1777, Google Books
 De l'Esprit, or Essays on the Mind and Its Several Faculties by Helvétius - English translation by William Mudford, 1807, Google Books

Writers from Paris
1715 births
1771 deaths
18th-century atheists
18th-century French writers
18th-century French male writers
18th-century French philosophers
French atheism activists
Atheist philosophers
Fermiers généraux
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Enlightenment philosophers
French


title: Isabella Fyvie Mayo

texts:
<mask> (pen name, Edward Garrett; 10 December 1843 – 13 May 1914) was a Scottish poet, novelist, suffragist, and reformer. With the help of friends, <mask> published poems and stories, using the pseudonym, Edward Garrett. <mask> spent most of her life living in Aberdeen, where she was the first woman elected to a public board. <mask> was described as an "ethical anarchist, pacifist, anti-imperialist and anti-racist campaigner"; and her "home was an asylum for Asian Indians." Early years and education
<mask> was born on 10 December 1843 in London of Scottish parents <mask> and Margaret Thomson. When a child, her delight was to sit on her father's knee and listen to the legends of Buchan, and the stories that he brought with him from his father's farm, where his ancestors had been settled for three hundred years. His people were staunch Scotch Episcopalians, one of them being the Dean of Moray and Ross.Her mother's ancestors, on the paternal side, belonged to the Border country, and were all of the nonconforming religion, among her near relatives being Rev Alexander Hislop, Free Church, Arbroath, author of The Two Babylons, and the Rev Stephen Hislop, missionary and scientist in India; while, on the maternal side, her mother's family belonged to an old Aberdeen family of Established Kirk persuasions. Younger by many years than the rest of the family, she was educated at a day school, where she took many prizes. Career
<mask> <mask>'s first impulse to literary work came from a relative, then a student at King's College London, who

masks:
Isabella Fyvie Mayo
Fyvie Mayo
Fyvie Mayo
Fyvie Mayo
Isabella Fvie
George Fyvie
Fyvie
Mayo


title: Isabella Fyvie Mayo

texts: saw promise in her school essays and occasional poems, and threw out the suggestion of a literary career. For seven years, <mask> <mask> worked without being paid; and it was not till her "Occupations of a Retired Life " appeared in The Sunday Magazine that she felt encouraged to pursue her desire of a literary career. <mask> <mask> was only sixteen when she began working to pay off a family debt. It enabled <mask> <mask> to make her books helpful to others, and especially to those who were harassed by doubt. At the age of 18, <mask> <mask> made the acquaintance of Irish novelist Anna Maria Hall whose encouragement and practical help were of great use to her.In 1870, <mask> married John Ryall <mask>, a London lawyer, who in 1854, became the first mayor of Yeovil. <mask> <mask>'s husband was in delicate health, which made travel imperative, and this led to a Canadian tour, followed by residence in Surrey, of which there are glimpses in some of her stories. In 1877, <mask> <mask> became a widow, left with one son. In the following year, <mask> <mask> left London, which had then grown unendurable to her. At first, she was in danger of lapsing into invalidism, but her health improved after moving to Aberdeen. There <mask> <mask> got involved in the debates in the women's suffrage movement between those she called the 'suffragists of the old school' and the militant WSPU, and the 'singularly effete' local activists linked so closely to the Women's Liberal Association that it was limited to 'one shade of political opinion.' <mask>

masks: Fyvie Mayo Fyvie Mayo Fyvie Mayo Fyvie Mayo Isabella Mayo Fyvie Mayo Fyvie Mayo Fyvie Mayo Fyvie Mayo Fyvie


title: Isabella Fyvie Mayo

texts:
 <mask> had a range of exchanges as convenor of the local WSPU events, with Emmeline Pankhurst and Helen Fraser, and in the local press with someone calling themselves 'Anti-Suffragette'.The collection of some of her letters are held in the University of Aberdeen archive (women's suffrage) ,  <mask> <mask> was nominated for a blue memorial plaque in Aberdeen (suffragette Women's Political & Social Union campaigner, writer, translator). <mask> <mask> preferred to be known not as 'Mrs" or by her husband's name, as was the convention, but as <mask> <mask> although she is best known by her nom de plume, Edward Garrett, in the pages of The Sunday Magazine, Good Words, The Quiver, Sunday at Home, The Girl's Own Paper, Pall Mall Gazette, and others. Personal life

<mask> <mask> favoured women's suffrage and spoke out for women's right to vote,  but her approach to the campaign changed over the years 1860 - 1912, and her writings both reflected and criticised the changes in the movement, often regarding the middle class activists making choices that poorer women could not afford to make. One research states that <mask> <mask> may have spoken to Mahatma Gandhi, with whom she corresponded about the women's movement tactics. George Ferdinands, a Sri Lankan whom <mask> <mask> considered an adopted son, shared her Scottish home till her death. <mask> <mask> died on 13 May 1914, of cancer and left her estate to Ferdinands. Style and themes
<mask> <mask> (Edward Garrett's) popular tales and sketches were charming and natural in detail, and

masks:
Mayo
Fyvie
Mayo
Fyvie
Mayo
Isabella Fvie
Mayo
Fyvie
Mayo
Fyvie
Mayo
Fyvie
Mayo
Fyvie
Mayo
Fyvie
Mayo


title: Isabella Fyvie Mayo

texts:
 showed that her sympathies were wide, while her narratives were drawn with power and accuracy.Her ballads were remarkable for their simplicity and those lightly marked rhymes peculiar to that style of verse. She also took easily to the artificial measures of the sonnet, and all her utterances possessed not only directness of thought, but also depth of imagination and artistic finish. Selected works

Occupations of a Retired Life (1868)
The Crust of the Cake (1869)
Seen and Heard (1871)
Premiums paid to Experience (1872)
Crooked Places (1873)
By Still Waters (1874)
Doing and Dreaming (1876)
Not by Bread Alone (1890)
Her Day of Service (1892)
A Black Diamond (1893)
Rab Bethuene's Double (1894)
A Daughter of the Klephts (1897)
A Nine Days Wonder (1898)
Other People's Stairs (1898)
Crystal Joyce (1899)
Recollections of Fifty Years, autobiography (1910)

References

Attribution

Bibliography

External links

<mask> <mask>, "Edward Garrett" (1843–1914) at the On-line Books site

1843 births
1914 deaths
19th-century British women writers
19th-century Scottish poets
19th-century Scottish women writers
20th-century British women writers
20th-century Scottish women writers
Anarchist writers
Anarcho-pacifists
British anarchists
British anti-racism activists
British reformers
British women non-fiction writers
Pseudonymous women writers
Scottish anarchists
Scottish autobiographers
Scottish pacifists
Scottish suffragists
Scottish women novelists
Women autobiographers
Writers from London
19th-century pseudonymous writers
20th-century

masks:
Isabella Fvie
Mayo