title: Ben Breedlove

texts:
 book, When Will The Heaven Begin? was released by Penguin Publishers. The book was listed on The New York Times Best Seller List beginning the first week of the release date. The memoir of <mask>'s life is written by his sister <mask> with Ken Abraham.The title of the book is taken from the lyric of the song "Mr. Rager", written and performed by Kid Cudi. <mask> stated that during his second cardiac arrest, he had a vision of being in a peaceful, white room, in which his favorite rapper Kid Cudi, appeared alongside him as the lyrics to the song "Mr. Rager", began playing. To Heaven and Back CNN television special
On December 1, 2013, CNN aired an Anderson Cooper special highlighting the near-death stories of Dr. Mary Neal, Anita Moorjani and <mask>. Additional publications
Breedlove's life story has been chronicled in several other publications, including "Imagine Heaven:  Near Death Experiences, God's Promises and the Exhilarating Future that Awaits You" by John Burke, "Soul Models:  Transformative Stories of Courage and Compassion That Will Change Your Life" by Elizabeth Bryan and Angela Daffron  and "Echoes of a Life Well Lived" by Richard M. O'Bryan. In Music
Breedlove's story has been honored in several musical pieces, including Kid Cudi's dedication of his album, "INDICUD". The Chicago group, Empire, includes their song, "Journey Kid" on their most recent album titled "Orphan". Journey Kid can also be viewed on YouTube.Australian composer Phillip Wilcher composed a 4-string quartet piece titled "Remembered upon Waking", performed by the Linden Quartet. David LaCroix wrote and dedicated his piece, "In A Little While" to Breedlove and all the people that have "gone on to a better place than here". Gabriel Art Installation
Breedlove's legacy continues in the form of art installations and community arts programs. "Gabriel", a

masks:
Ben
Ally Breedlove
Ben
Benjamin Breedlove


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

type: original

texts:
<mask>, or <mask>  Masood (; c.594-c.653), was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad who he is regarded the greatest mufassir of Qur'an of his time and the second ever. He was also known by the kunya Abu Abdur Rahman. <mask>'ud was born in Mecca in about 594 a son of <mask> and Umm Abd bint Abdwadd, both of whom were from the Hudhayl tribe, believed to be slaves, or otherwise of low social status. However, Umm Abd's mother, Hind bint Al-Harith, was from the Zuhra clan of the Quraysh, and Masud made an alliance with her brother. <mask> had a brother, Utba, and at least two wives in Muhammad's lifetime. One was Rayta bint <mask>, a craftswoman who supported <mask> and their child through her handcrafts. The other was Zaynab bint <mask> from the Thaqif tribe with whom he had several daughters.He specified in his will that none of his daughters should be married off without their own knowledge. He also had a son named AbdurRahman. He is described as a thin, short man with very dark skin, and smooth hair reaching to his shoulders. <mask> wore white clothes, and could be recognized in the dark by his distinctive, high-quality perfume. He was reported to be sociable and willing to speak out to put people at ease. In his character and goals, he was said to be the person "most like Muhammad". Conversion to Islam
Ibn Masʿūd was an early follower of Islam, having converted before 616.He appears nineteenth on Ibn Ishaq's list of

masks:
Abdullah ibn Masd
Abdullah ibn
Abdullah ibn Mas
Masud ibn Ghal
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts: people who were converted by Abu Bakr. As a youth, he worked as a shepherd for Uqba ibn Abu Mu'ayt. He first met Muhammad and Abu Bakr while watching his flocks when they were "fleeing from the idolators". They asked him for milk, but <mask> said he could not steal from his employer. According to Masʿūd, Muhammad then asked for an unmated ewe and stroked its udder, whereupon milk poured out. <mask> immediately asked to be taught "some of these words", and Muhammad began to teach him the Qur'an. <mask> later said that he learned 70 suras from Muhammad.Later his mother and brother also converted to Islam. Around 614 the Quraysh began a campaign to suppress Islam through the oppression of Muslims of lower social status. <mask>, as a foreigner whose allies had withdrawn their protection, was vulnerable to this persecution. Abu Jahl—one of the high-status leaders among the Quraysh—once "clawed at him and punched him". The Muslims remarked one day that the Quraysh had never heard the Qur'an being recited clearly, and that someone needed to make them listen to it. <mask> volunteered. His friends reminded him that he had no protector and therefore the crowds might attack him, but <mask> replied, "Allah will protect me."He stood in front of the Kaaba and began to recite Surah Ar-Rahman from the Qur'an. When the Quraysh realized that he was reciting Muhammad's teaching, they began to hit his face, but he continued to recite. He

masks: Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 returned to the Muslims with the bruises on his face, saying, "I have never despised Allah's enemies more than I do now, and if you like I will go and do the same thing tomorrow." The Muslims told him that he had already done enough, "for you have made them listen to what they don't want to hear". <mask> and his brother Utba were among those who emigrated to Abyssinia in 616. <mask> returned to Mecca in 619 with Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf. Emigration to Medina
When the Muslims emigrated to Medina in 622, <mask> lodged with Muadh <mask> or Saad ibn Khaythama.One tradition states that Muhammad made a pact of brotherhood between <mask> and Muadh ibn Jabal; but according to another, <mask>'s brother in Islam was Al-Zubayar ibn Al-Awwam. When land in Medina was allocated to the immigrants, the Zuhra clan was given an area behind the mosque, which included plots for <mask> and his brother Utba. Relationship with Muhammad
Outsiders perceived <mask> and his mother as members of Muhammad's household. He worked as a personal servant, taking care of Muhammad's bedding, toothbrush, sandals and traveling hygiene. "He used to screen him when he bathed and wake him when he slept and walk with him in a wild land." He was said to be the "keeper of secrets". Muhammad once told him to climb a tree and bring him a twig.The companions laughed at how thin <mask>'s legs were. Muhammad said: "Why are you laughing? <mask>'s foot will be heavier than

masks:
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah
ibn Jl
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 Mount Uhud in the scales on the Day of Resurrection." Muhammad recognized <mask> as one of the four foremost experts on the Qur'an. He once asked him to recite; when <mask> protested, "Should I recite it to you when you are the one to whom it was sent down and revealed?" Muhammad replied, "I love to hear it from someone else." <mask> then recited it until Muhammad wept.Military career
<mask> fought at the Battle of Badr. After the battle, Muhammad ordered the warriors to search among the corpses for his enemy Abu Jahl, who could be recognised by a distinctive scar on his knee. <mask> found Abu Jahl "at his last gasp" with his leg cut off. He seized his beard and asked, "Are you Abu Jahl?" Abu Jahl replied, "Can there be a man superior to the one you have killed or one whom his own folk has  killed?" <mask> then placed his foot on Abu Jahl's neck, and asked, "Allah's enemy, has Allah put you to shame?" Abu Jahl replied, "How has he shamed me?Am I anything more than a man whom you have killed? Tell me how the battle went." <mask> told him that the Muslims had won. Abu Jahl responded, "You have climbed high, you little shepherd!" Then <mask> struck off his head. He brought it to Muhammad, proclaiming, "This is the head of Allah's enemy Abu Jahl!". <mask> also fought at the Battle of Uhud, the Battle of the Trench and "all the battles," including Tabuk.Twenty years later, he said he wished he had died at Tabuk. Caliphates of

masks: Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 Abu Bakr and Umar
After the death of Muhammad, <mask> ibn Masud became the eighth-most prominent transmitter of hadith with a total of 848 narrations. Umar called him "a box full of knowledge". The following traditions are among those attributed to him. I asked Allah's Messenger which deed was the best. He replied: "Prayer at its appointed hour." I said: "Then what?"He replied: "Kindness to the parents." I said: "Then what?" He replied: "Jihad in the cause of Allah." And I would not have ceased asking more questions but out of regard. A man said: "Allah's Messenger, which offense is the most grievous in Allah's eye?" He replied: "That you associate a partner with Allah, who created you." He said: "What next?"He replied: "That you kill your child out of fear that he would join you in food." He said: "What next?" He replied: "That you commit adultery with your neighbor's wife." And the Almighty and Exalted Lord testified it: All those who call not unto another god along with Allah, and slay not any soul which Allah has forbidden, except in the cause of justice, nor commit fornication, and he who does this shall meet a requital of sin. [ Qur'an 25:68]

We were along with Allah's Messenger at Mina, that moon was split up into two. One of its parts was behind the mountain and the other one was on this side of the mountain. Allah's Messenger said to us: "Bear witness to this."Umar allotted <mask> a pension of 6,000 dirhams, and

masks: Abdullah Abdullah


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 he was said to be very generous with his money. His mother was also granted a pension of 1,000 dirhams. Around 642 Umar appointed him as a preacher, treasurer and magistrate (qāḍī) in Kufa, saying: "I have preferred you with him over myself, so take him." The Caliphate of Uthman

Conflict with the Government
<mask>, in his capacity as treasurer, lent a sum of money to Saad ibn Abi Waqqas, the Governor of Kufa, and when he was unable to repay it, they quarreled. Their quarrel spread to their individual supporters until they became two "wrangling factions" in the city. Uthman became angry with both of them; in 646 he recalled Saad, extracted the money from him, and replaced him with al-Walid ibn Uqba. He thought of replacing <mask> too, but in the end he decided against it.By 650, <mask> had quarreled with al-Walid. A petition was brought to <mask> to investigate rumors that Al-Walid was drinking alcohol; <mask> responded that it was not his business to spy on another man's privacy. Al-Walid felt that this statement was tantamount to a suspicion of his guilt. He accused <mask> of not defending his reputation, and they insulted one another verbally. Al-Walid also tried to misappropriate state finances, but <mask> refused to comply with his demands. When Uthman instructed <mask> to obey al-Walid in everything, <mask> resigned his post. However, he remained in Kufa and continued to criticise the Governor.Another long-serving


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 Muslim, Abu Dharr al-Ghifari, was also living in Kufa. He lived in the desert of Al-Rabadha. Sometime later, <mask> <mask> went on a pilgrimage to Mecca. As he passed through Al-Rabadha, his camels almost trod upon a funeral bier. A slave told him that it was the funeral of his master Abu Dharr al-Ghifari, who had died alone. <mask> burst into tears, exclaiming: "The apostle was right! You walked alone, you died alone and you will be raised alone!"Then he alighted from his camels and helped to bury his old friend. Uthman's Compilation of Qur'an

Uthman produced a standardized version of the Qur'an in 652. He sent a copy to each province, and ordered that all other Quranic materials "whether written in fragmentary manuscripts or whole copies," must be burned. It is said that Ibn Mas’ud was displeased by the finished product; in particular:
 That he accused Uthman's scribes of adding three extra suras (1, 113 and 114) that had never been part of the original, and of making many other small changes to the text. That he preached a sermon in Kufa in which he called Uthman's standardized Quran a "deceit". "And whoever deceives like this will bring his deceit on the Day of Resurrection … I like it better to read according to the recitation of him whom I love than that of Zayd <mask>habit … If I knew anyone to be more conversant with Allah's Book than I am, I would surely go to him if camels could carry me there." When Uthman's

masks:
Abdullah ibn
Masud
Abdullah
ibn T


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 agents came to Kufa to burn all the variants, <mask> hid his copy from them.He justified his own version of the recitation by reminding people: "I recited before Allah's Messenger more than seventy suras of the Qur'an. His Companions know that I have a better understanding of Allah's Book than they do; and if I were to know that someone had a better understanding than I have, I would have gone to him." It was said that nobody could find fault with <mask>'s version. When Uthman was called to account for his mismanagement as Caliph, one of the grievances against him was that he had destroyed variant readings of the Qur'an. Much later, <mask> Masud's variant readings were discussed on equal terms with the Uthmanic text by al-Farra (d. 207/822). However, the vast majority of Muslim scholars never accepted these reports due to their weakness, as well as many strong reports indicating the exact opposite to be true. The Qur'an says in 15:87 "We have given thee seven of the oft-repeated (verses) and the great Qur'an."The seven often-repeated verses refer to al-Fatihah, the first sura of the Qur'an, which <mask> <mask> is alleged to have denied. However, quoting Ibn Jarir al-Tabari, Ibn adh-Dhurays, Ibn al-Munzar and Ibn Mardwiyah, as-Suyuti narrated the following:
It is narrated from <mask> Masud, regarding the word of Allah, "We have given you the seven oft-repeated verses;" he said, "[It is] Fatihatu al-Kitab." In another

masks:
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah ibn
Abdullah ibn
Masud
Abdullah Ibn


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 narration, <mask> <mask> was asked why he did not write al-Fatihah in his mushaf. He replied, "If I were to write it, I would write it before every sura." Abu Bakr al-Anbari explains this saying every raka’a (in prayers) starts with al-Fatiha and then another sura is recited. It is as if Ibn Masud said, "I have dropped it for the sake of brevity and I have trusted its preservation by Muslims (collectively)." There are also narrations from <mask> where he explicitly refers to suras 113 and 114 as surahs, for example: "Excessively recite two surahs.Allah will make you reach higher ranks in the Hereafter because of them. They are al-Mu'awwidhatayn (i.e. al-Falaq and an-Nas/nos. 113 & 114)…"

Four qira'at of the Qur'an (Qira'at of Hamzah, 'Aasim, Khalaf, Al-Kisa'i) have chains of transmission (isnad) going through <mask> Masud, and they all include the above three suras. These are mutawatir chains and thus Islamic scholars give precedence to them, disregarding much weaker chains that go against it as inauthentic. For these reasons, Islamic scholars rejected the notion of <mask> Masud rejecting suras. An-Nawawi says: "The Muslims have all agreed that al-Mu'awwidhatayn and al-Fatihah are part of the Qur'an and whoever denies this becomes a disbeliever and whatever is quoted from Ibn Masud in this regard is not true."Ibn Hazm also rejected the notion of Ibn Masud denying these suras, along with the vast majority of Islamic

masks:
Abdullah ibn
Masud
Abdullah
Abdullah ibn
Abdullah ibn


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 scholars. Conflict with Uthman
Uthman eventually recalled <mask> to Medina. He walked into the mosque, where Uthman was speaking, but the Caliph broke off his speech to insult <mask>. Aisha then interrupted with protests against this manner of speech "to a companion of Allah's Messenger". Uthman forbade <mask> ever to leave Medina again and ordered him out of the mosque. His servants removed <mask> so violently that they broke two of his ribs and, amid loud protests from Aisha, he had to be carried home. Uthman did not pay <mask>'s pension for the rest of his life.Reading of the Qur'an in Kufa

Ibn Masʿūd read one of the most well documented "companion" readings of the Qur'an, which he taught in Kufa. The non-canonical Kufan reciter Sulaiman al-Aʽmash (d. 147 / 765), who continued the Ibn Masʿūd tradition in parts of his own reading, narrated that "I came to Kufa and the qirāʾa of Zayd was not amongst them, except as the reading ofʿAbd Allāh is amongst you today: no one recited it save one or two men". Ramon Harvey asserts that Ibn Masʿūd's reading continued in use and was even taught as the dominant reading in Kufa for at least a century after his death and has shown that some of his distinctive readings continued to play a role in Hanafi fiqh. Ibn Masʿūd's reading played a greater or lesser role in each of the canonical Kufan readings. Professor Shady Nasser notes that the isnad of ʿĀṣim back to the Prophet passes through

masks: Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah Abdullah


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 two main branches. One of these goes through Ibn Masʿūd via Zirr b. Hubaysh. The influence of Ibn Masʿūd is greater in the canonical readings of Hamza and his student Al-Kisa'i.Hamza learned his reading primarily from his fellow Kufans Ibn Abī Laylā, and Al-A'mash, insofar as the latter's was compatible with the Uthmanic rasm. Al-A'mash derived much of his reading from that of Ibn Masʿūd. From numerous sources Arthur Jeffery compiled the hundreds of differences in the reading of Ibn Mas'ud (as well as other companions) compared to the textus receptus, namely the Cairo edition, which is based on the reading of Hafs from 'Asim. Many of these differences were reported by Al-A'mash and appear in Ibn Abi Dawud's Kitab al Masahif. Data is also available showing the extent to which Ibn Masʿūd's reading occurs in the Kufan canonical readings in terms of distinctive dotting of consonants. Codex Mashhad is an early Qur'an manuscript which has been identified as originally using the surah order reported by early sources from the codex of Ibn Masʿūd, though with a standard Uthmanic rasm text. Its surahs were subsequently re-ordered to the standard sequence, but enough evidence remained for the original to be reconstructed.Death
<mask> ibn <mask> died in Medina in 653 and was buried by the night at Al-Baqi'. It is disputed whether it was Ammar <mask> or Caliph Uthman who led his funeral prayers. He left a fortune of 90,000 dirhams.

masks:
Abdullah
Masud
ibn Yasir


title: Abdullah ibn Masud

texts:
 Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awam petitioned the Caliph to give <mask>'s pension to his heirs "because they need it more than the treasury does." Uthman granted this request, although the exact value of the pension is disputed. References

Bibliography

594 births
653 deaths
7th-century Arabic writers
People from Mecca
Sahabah who participated in the battle of Uhud
Sahabah hadith narrators
Burials at Jannat


title: Debora Patta

texts:
<mask> (born 1 September 1964) is a South African broadcast journalist and television producer investigative journalist. She was born in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and has origins from Calabria, Italy. <mask> is the Africa correspondent for the American news program The CBS Evening News. She has been with CBS since 2013, following her departure from the long running investigative and current affairs show, 3rd Degree with <mask>. Early life
<mask> was born in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), where her Italian father  had emigrated as a railway employee. Her father was from Rome, Italy and she lived there for a while when she was young. Her Italian family is originally from Praia a Mare in Calabria.She considers Italy her second home and travels there regularly. She moved to South Africa with her mother, a nurse and devout Catholic, and her sister in 1976 after her parents divorced. She attended Rustenburg School for Girls in the Rondebosch suburb of Cape Town, where she matriculated in 1981. Patta studied at the University of Cape Town where she obtained a Bachelor of Social Sciences in 1984. She briefly taught aerobics while at college. Career
After graduating from college, Patta worked as a political activist teaching literacy in Cape Town's squatter camps until 1990, when she started working as a freelance reporter for the BBC. Radio
Patta joined Radio 702 in Johannesburg as a reporter in 1990 and worked her way up to news editor in 1994 and special assignments editor in 1997.The first news story she worked on that was aired on Radio 702 was about the return of ANC leader Oliver Tambo from exile in December 1990. In 1997 and 1998, while working as news and special assignments editor for Radio 702 and its sister station Cape Talk, she investigated and reported on the 1986 plane crash in which Mozambican President Samora Machel was killed. She received several threatening phone calls during the investigation. In June 1998 she participated in a post-apartheid Truth and Reconciliation Commission special hearing, providing

masks:
Debora Patta
Patta
Debora Patta
Patta


title: Debora Patta

texts:
 expert opinion and assisting with questioning regarding the 1987 Helderberg plane crash and the Machel plane crash. She was later interviewed for a 2008 Mayday (Air Crash Investigation or Air Emergency) documentary on the Helderberg plane crash. In October 2013, <mask> returned to Radio 702 as a stand-in talk radio host. Television
Patta has worked for e.tv, the first privately owned free-to-air television station in South Africa, since its inception in 1998.She started as a senior correspondent in Johannesburg and was subsequently appointed chief anchor of e.tv news. From 2000 to 2013 she was the executive producer and anchor of the weekly current affairs television programme 3rd Degree, a show conceptualized by her which focused on hard-hitting interviews. The final episode of 3rd Degree aired on 14 May 2013. She has reported on major international stories such as the September 11 attacks and the death of Princess Diana and has interviewed many notable individuals including Shimon Peres, Oprah Winfrey, Nelson Mandela, Thabo Mbeki, Jacob Zuma, Cyril Ramaphosa, Julius Malema, Eugène Terre'Blanche and Robert McBride. She was appointed editor-in-chief of e.tv news in 2005. In 2009 she resigned her position as editor-in-chief, "to follow her passion for journalism" and focus on 3rd Degree. She played a key role in the launch of South Africa's first 24-hour news channel eNews Channel Africa (eNCA) by e.tv in 2008.In 2012 a puppet version of Patta voiced by Nikki Jackman was cast as co-host of the satirical television news programme ZANEWS. On 7 May 2013, e.tv and eNCA announced that <mask> <mask> had resigned "to pursue other interests as a freelancer for international news companies". Following her departure from e.tv, she began working as a foreign correspondent for CBS News. Reporting style
Patta has been described as "direct", "to the point", "unafraid" and "being a voice for the voiceless":

Her hard-hitting journalism exposing racism in South Africa has angered conservative whites. Black members of the public have also

masks: Patta Debora Patta


title: Debora Patta

texts:
 accused her of being racist, e.g. after exposing corrupt black doctors who sold medical certificates and after interviewing "bling queen" Khanyi Mbau, and Jewish members of the public have accused her of being anti-Semitic after airing the controversial 2002 documentary Palestine Is Still the Issue. She has also been criticized as not being qualified to talk about black culture by former ANC Youth League president Julius Malema during an interview with him and by black viewers offended by a 3rd Degree show on black hair weaves.AWB leader Eugène Terre'Blanche walked out of an interview with Patta after his release from prison in 2004. A complaint lodged against e.tv about the interview was dismissed by the Broadcasting Complaints Commission of South Africa. In 2010 <mask> publicly apologized on television to Chrisna de Kock, a Freedom Front Plus youth leader at the University of the Free State, after accusing her of being a racist in an interview on 3rd Degree. An e.tv spokesperson conceded that "the manner in which the allegation was put across was unfortunate" and the racism comment was subsequently retracted. Patta has responded to criticism of her reporting with statements such as "that means I am doing my job well" and "we are doing this because we have a true democracy". Personal life
In April 1995 Patta married Mweli Mzizi. The interracial couple had encountered hostility for a year, so she was surprised by the positive response of listeners to her announcement.They were married in January 1996 and the wedding was attended by hundreds of guests including Nelson Mandela. After the wedding the Department of Home Affairs notified Mzizi that the marriage was invalid because he did not fill out a form requiring black men to say that they were not already married. Newsweek reported that few South Africans were aware of this requirement and  "many of the country's marriages are probably illegal in the eyes of the bureaucracy". In 2000 <mask> and Mzizi unsuccessfully attempted to enter a whites-only picnic resort in the Free

masks: Patta Patta


title: Debora Patta

texts:
 State together, filming the incident on a hidden camera for a 3rd Degree show on racism following which Patta received hate mail. Patta was voted one of the FHM 50 Most Eligible Women in the World by South African FHM readers in 2003. In June 2003 she married Lance Levitas. She has two daughters.Her elder daughter, Chiara Mzizi, has worked as a presenter for YoTV, a youth entertainment show broadcast by SABC 1, and was a student at the University of Cape Town. As of 2019, Patta lived in Johannesburg with her youngest daughter, Ella, and her partner, Andrew Levy. Awards
Patta has won several awards:

 1992 South African Checkers Journalist of the Year
 2004 Vodacom Journalist of the Year Gauteng Region
 2004 MTN 10 Most Remarkable Women in Media
 2007 Simonsvlei Journalist Achiever of the Year
 2009 Vodacom Women in the Media
 2010 CEO Magazine South Africa's Most Influential Women in Business and Government
 2010 She received a Tricolor Globe Award from the Italian Women in the World association which recognizes outstanding achievers of Italian origin abroad. 2015 She was part of the CBS News team nominated to receive an Emmy Award for their coverage of the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa. Publications
 Baby Micaela : the inside story of South Africa's most famous abduction case. Co-authored by Anne Maggs and <mask> <mask>. Sandton: Zebra Press, 1996. .
 One step behind Mandela : the story of Rory Steyn, Nelson Mandela's chief bodyguard.Co-authored by Rory Steyn and <mask> <mask>. Rivonia: Zebra Press, 2000. References

External links

Living people
South African television journalists
South African television presenters
University of Cape Town alumni
Alumni of Rustenburg School for Girls
Italian South African
White South African people
People of Calabrian descent
South African people of Italian descent
Year of birth uncertain
Place of birth missing (living people)
Women television journalists
South African radio personalities
1964 births
CBS News people
South African women journalists
South African women television

masks: Debora Patta Debora Patta


title: Ellery Eskelin

texts:
<mask> (born August 16, 1959) is an American tenor saxophonist raised in Baltimore, Maryland and residing in New York City. His parents, Rodd Keith and Bobbie Lee, were both professional musicians. Rodd Keith died in 1974 in Los Angeles, California, and became a cult figure after his death in the little-known field of "song-poem" music. Organist Bobbie Lee performed in local nightclubs in Baltimore in the early 1960s and provided Eskelin an introduction to standards from the Great American Songbook as well as inspiring an early interest in jazz music. <mask> has resided in New York City since 1983 and has led numerous international touring ensembles while participating as a sideman or collaborator with many of today's most forward-thinking composers and improvisers. He has released more than twenty-five recordings as a leader since the late 1980s, primarily for the Swiss hatOLOGY label. His most important work has been with the group he formed in 1994 featuring keyboardist Andrea Parkins and drummer Jim Black as well as a later group called "Trio New York" with organist Gary Versace and drummer Gerald Cleaver.Eskelin has maintained lasting musical associations with Joey Baron, Mark Helias, Gerry Hemingway, Marc Ribot, David Liebman, Han Bennink, Sylvie Courvoisier, Bobby Previte and Daniel Humair among others. Eskelin's style has its roots in the jazz realm yet his unique phrasing (which is compared to Arnold Schoenberg's technique of "klangfarbenmelodie" in The Wire, December 1996) and the unorthodox techniques utilized in his compositions (in which composed and improvised elements often collide unpredictably) make for a music that defies easy categorization. Over the years, Eskelin has garnered significant critical praise in the international jazz press. 'Down Beat magazine has recognized him as "a major player in today's creative music" (September 1995) and described his compositional approach as "a startlingly new concept" (January 1997). Early years
<mask> Eskelin began

masks:
Ellery Eskelin
Eskelin
Ellery


title: Ellery Eskelin

texts: playing tenor saxophone in 1969 at the age of ten. In interviews he claims his early influences as Gene Ammons, Sonny Stitt, Lee Konitz, Stan Getz and John Coltrane. His mother, organist Bobbie Lee, learned to play music in the Pentecostal church as a teenager, the influence of which carried over into her playing of secular music and also provided a strong and lasting influence on Eskelin.Her playing was characterized by a strong rhythmic feel and a commanding delivery of American songs. <mask>'s grandfather was the musical director of the church and played the pedal steel guitar in services while performing on the electric guitar professionally in Baltimore during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Baltimore had a rich musical legacy sustained by musicians such as saxophonists Mickey Fields and Gary Bartz. Musicians from New York often passed through Baltimore to perform on the weekly Sunday afternoon Left Bank Jazz Society concert series presented at the Famous Ballroom. Eskelin had opportunities to sit in with locals such as Fields as well as internationally renowned artists such as Bartz, Pepper Adams and Woody Shaw. Early performances as a leader took place at various jazz clubs such as "The Bandstand" and "The Closet" run by saxophonist and entrepreneur Henry Baker, who had a long history in the Baltimore music scene having known Lester Young, Cannonball Adderley, Miles Davis, Red Garland, John Coltrane, Clifford Brown and many others. Baker predicted that the young saxophonist would one day become "a great tenor saxophone player".At around this same time Eskelin met drummer Harold White (formerly with Horace Silver) and began performing regularly in White's quintet along with trumpeter Tom Williams. Eskelin attended Towson University where he studied classical saxophone with Joseph Briscuso and performed in composer Hank Levy's Jazz Ensemble which played Levy's "odd-meter" big band compositions exclusively. Bassist Drew Gress was a fellow student with whom Eskelin continues


title: Ellery Eskelin

texts:
 beginnings" and that his objective is to "bring that type of lyricism to the language of contemporary improvised music." Continuing with  this idea, in the liner notes to his 2015 release Solo Live at Snugs on hatOLOGY records, Eskelin discusses a revamped approach to solo saxophone performance, updating his 1992 release Premonition - Solo Tenor Saxophone in which he compares the two projects by saying “As opposed to reimagining my instrument I’m very much interested in the essence of a saxophone as being just what it is, a saxophone.”

In 2016 Eskelin was interviewed by the web based music journal “Point of Departure”  in which he conveyed his increasing advocacy of acoustic (non-amplified) performance in humanistic, if not spiritual terms, also expressing concern about the effect of technology on the artistic experience as well as the potential disruption of personal and community engagement. Expanding on his thoughts regarding music and spirituality, <mask> (a formal practitioner of Zen Buddhism) was interviewed in the book “Spirits Rejoice! : Jazz and American Religion” by Jason Bivins. Eskelin’s current working ensemble includes bassist Christian Weber (from Zürich) and Michael Griener on drums (based in Berlin).The group performs acoustically (no microphones on stage and bassist Weber opting not to use an amplifier) performing freely improvised music juxtaposed with early jazz classics by composers such as Scott Joplin, Jelly Roll Morton and Fats Waller. The trio records for the Swiss Intakt label having released “Sensations of Tone” in 2017 followed by "The Pearls" in 2019. The episode was entitled "Blame it on Art" and originally aired August 22, 1997. 1959 births
American jazz saxophonists
American male saxophonists
Cadence Jazz Records artists
Jazz musicians from Maryland
Jazz tenor saxophonists
Living people
American male jazz musicians
Towson University alumni
Musicians from Baltimore
21st-century saxophonists
21st-century American male musicians
Clean Feed Records


title: Gabriel Medina

texts:
<mask> (born 22 December 1993) is a Brazilian professional surfer who won the 2014, 2018 and 2021 WSL World Championships. <mask> joined the world's elite of the World Surf League Tour in 2011, and in his rookie year he finished within the top 12 of the ASP (now WSL) World Tour at the age of 17. In March 2014 he won the Quiksilver Pro Gold Coast. Media sources credit him as being the second person to have executed a maneuver called the "Backflip". <mask> also became the first person ever to land this move in competition. Life and career
Born in São Sebastião, São Paulo, and raised in the city's district of Maresias, is the son of <mask> and Claudio de Jesus Ferreira. <mask> began surfing at age 9 and at 11 won his first national championship—the Rip Curl Grom Search in the category Sub-12, held in Búzios, Rio de Janeiro.<mask> won many Brazilian amateur championships, becoming champion at the Volcom Sub-14, Quicksilver King of Groms, Rip Curl Grom Search, besides conquering the state championship three times. In California, he was second at the Volcom Internacional Sub-14, and in Ecuador, vice-champion of the Amateur World Sub-16 Championship. At 14 years old, <mask> was already at the finals of the Paulista Championship, became the Paulista Junior Champion, and surfing the World Qualifying Series (WQS) 6-star event Onbongo Pro Surfing 2008 in Ubatuba, where he managed to defeat his idol Adriano de Souza, aka Mineirinho. In July 2009, <mask> Curl, and thereafter endeavored to pursue a professional surfing career. Just 10 days later, <mask> set a new mark as the youngest male winner of an open age pro competition by taking out the Maresias Surf International in Brazil by the age of 15 (That victory broke one of pro surfing's longest-standing records, held by Australian Nick Wood,

masks:
Gabriel Medina Pinto Ferreira
Medina
Medina
Simone Pinto Medina
Medina
Medina
Medina
Medinaip
Medina


title: Gabriel Medina

texts: who won the 1987 Rip Curl Pro at Bells Beach as a 16-year-old). In 2011 came the sequence of championships that took <mask> to share the waves with the top surfers, surfing the WQS 6 Star Prime in Imbituba, and the two WQS 6 Star in France and Spain. He was also victorious in the Pro Junior World Championship, held in French waves.With his prowess and results in such a young age, <mask> signed and extension contract with Rip Curl just in the same week of his debut on the 2011 ASP World Championship Tour, by the age of 17, by the mid-season rotation. <mask> went on to finish his rookie season with two WCT events wins (Hossegor, France and San Francisco, USA), despite competing only half of the season. In 2013, <mask> went on to win the World Junior Tour (ASP) in 2013, at age 19. In the 2014 WCT season, by winning the very first event of the season, the Quiksilver Pro Gold Coast, <mask> became the first Brazilian male surfer ever to win on the Gold Coast, and also the first goofy to win this contest since 2004 and less than two months after recovering from a broken leg injury suffered while surfing in Hawaii. He dropped to 5th on the rankings after finishing 13th on the Billabong Rio Pro, but re-assumed the pole after winning the Volcom Fiji Pro. <mask> also won the Billabong Pro Teahupoo, the seventh WCT event of the season in Tahiti, beating in a highly competitive final Kelly Slater. Later in the year, after finishing in 2nd place in the last event of the season at the Billabong Pipeline Masters in Hawaii, <mask> went on to become the first ever Brazilian ASP World Champion by the age of 20 (the youngest since Kelly Slater did also in age 20 in 1992).In 2015, after a sequence of average results, <mask> won the Quiksilver Pro France, capturing his sixth WCT event win and his

masks: Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina


title: Gabriel Medina

texts: second in Hossegor, France. After beating Mick Fanning and reaching the finals at the last WCT event of the season, the Billabong Pipe Masters in Hawaii, for the second straight year, <mask> once again made history, becoming the first Brazilian ever to win the Hawaiian Triple Crown of Surfing title. With Adriano de Souza winning the other semifinal later and capturing the 2015 World Title (due to Fanning's loss to <mask>), the stage was set for a first time ever all Brazilian final at the Pipe Masters. <mask> finished runner-up once again as de Souza became the first Brazilian ever to win the Hawaiian CT event. With this second place, <mask> finished the 2015 WCT season on a high note, reaching the 3rd place. On 14 May 2016, during the Oi Rio Pro, <mask> made history once again, becoming the first surfer ever to land the move "Backflip" in competition. As a result, <mask> got a perfect 10 in all five judges thus beating fellow countryman Alex Ribeiro in a 2nd round elimination heat.<mask> went on to finish the competition in third place. On 17 June 2016, in the Fiji Islands, <mask> won his seventh WCT event, his second in Cloudbreak, in heavy conditions. The win put him as the most victorious Brazilian surfer in the history of the CT only at the age of 22. In the 2017 season, <mask> made history as one of the two (Carissa Moore, on the women's division) first-ever surfers to win a competition in man-made wave pool at Kelly Slater's Surf Ranch in Lemoore, California. <mask> later also managed to secure 2 more event wins (Quiksilver Pro France and MEO Rip Curl Pro Portugal) reaching 9 WCT wins in his career, by the age of 23. Even though reaching the final event with title chances, <mask> finished off the season in second place. With that <mask> extends his streak of finishing

masks: Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina


title: Gabriel Medina

texts: the season in at least the Top 3 to an incredible four years, since his 2014 world title.In the 2018 season, <mask>'s better start than the previous 3 seasons and victories at Tahiti, the wave pool in California, and Pipeline  (including a 10-point ride in his quarterfinal heat) lead him onto becoming a two-time world champion, therefore becoming the most accomplished surfer from Brazil, by the age of 24. 2018 also was marked as a historic year for Brazilian surfing, as the country grabbed 9 event wins - <mask> (3x), Ítalo Ferreira (3x), Filipe Toledo (2x) and William Cardoso - out of the 11 events on the 2018 Championship Tour calendar, which culminated in <mask>'s second world title. Also CT surfer Jessé Mendes won the Vans Triple Crown of Surfing, becoming the second Brazilian surfer to accomplish the feat, beside <mask> himself. Mateus Herdy became the WSL World Junior Champion in Taiwan, joining fellow Brazilians <mask>, Adriano de Souza, Caio Ibelli, Lucas Silveira and Pablo Paulino (2x), and also big wave surfers Rodrigo Koxa and Maya Gabeira winning each other the XXL Biggest Wave awards and setting new Guinness world records for largest waves surfed by a male and female surfer respectively. In the 2019 season, after another sleepy start <mask> once again claimed another win, his 13th CT event, this time in Jeffreys Bay, South Africa. <mask> made history being part of the first ever goofy-footers final in J-Bay, against compatriot Ítalo Ferreira and also the first goofy-footer to win this event in 35 years (Mark Occhilupo), and the second ever. On 9–15 September, <mask> along the top surfers from all over the world competed in Miyazaki, Japan in the 2019 ISA World Surfing Games, a mandatory event to be eligible to compete in the 2020 Olympic Games, also to be held in


title: Gabriel Medina

texts: Japan.<mask> competed in the Open Men's division and went on to finish the event with the bronze medal, behind fellow CT surfers Kolohe Andino (2nd) and countryman Ítalo Ferreira (1st). Also, due to these results combined with Filipe Toledo's (9th after withdrawing due to back pain), and in the Open Women's division Silvana Lima's (2nd), Tatiana Weston-Webb's (5th) and Tainá Hinckel's (25th), Brazil went on to win the gold medal, the first since the 2000 ISA games. Less than a week later, <mask> captured his 14th CT event win, the third win at Kelly Slater's Surf Ranch (thus winning all three individual competitions ever had on this site at the time), in the Freshwater Pro, climbing the rankings and reaching the first position. <mask> didn't do well during the European Leg and ended up eliminated in the Round of 16 in Quicksilver Pro France and MEO Rip Curl Pro Portugal. With one event left to go, he is second in the ranking, right behind Ítalo Ferreira. <mask> caused controversy in the 2019 Billabong Pipe Masters by dropping in on his fellow competitor. This led to his actions being labelled unsportsmanlike.The Brazilian surfer was also selected to represent his country in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, alongside 2019 WCT Champion Italo Ferreira. He finished the Olympics in fourth place, narrowly losing to Australia's Owen Wright in the bronze medal match. In the 2021 season, <mask> managed to clinch his 3rd world title and did so in definitive fashion by winning 3 of the 8 tour events and placing running-up at 3 events as well. The win saw <mask> join Tom Curren, Andy Irons and Mick Fanning with three World Titles. With 16 WSL Championship Tour (CT) event wins and 29 Final appearances under his belt, <mask> is one of the most experienced surfers when it comes to producing the best

masks: Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina Medina


title: Gabriel Medina

texts:
 surfing under pressure. <mask> is 2nd  only to Kelly Slater for the most World Titles among surfers currently on the CT. In January 2022, <mask> announced that he would be taking an indefinite leave from competitive surfing to focus on his mental health..Thus far, he has withdrawn from the first 3 events on 2022 championship tour, including the Billabong Pro Pipeline, Hurley Pro Sunset Beach and MEO Pro Portugal. Surfboards
<mask> has been with his shaper Johnny Cabianca since 2008. Johnny Cabianca, a Brazilian living in the Basque Country, is one of the world's most renowned surfboard shapers. <mask> is using about 100 surfboards a year, with a volume ranging from 28.5 to 29.1 litres. Cabianca who previously shaped under the Spanish label Pukas, started his own brand in 2015. <mask>'s first victory on a Cabianca Surfboard was the Quiksilver Pro France 2015. Results

Victories

WSL World Championship Tour

Filmography
Acting

 Luiza Possi: Lembra (2017)
 Surf Chronicles (2011)

Self

 Tempestade Perfeita (2021)
 É Ouro!O Brilho do Brasil em Tóquio (2021)
 World Debut (2021)
 <mask> (2020)
 WSL Men's Championship Tour (2019)
 Mundo <mask> (2019)
 WSL World Surf League (2018)
 No Contest (2018)
 WSL Men's Championship Tour (2018)
 Rip Curl's The Search (2014-2017)
 WSL Men's Championship Tour (2016)
 Vai Fernandinha (2016)
 Samsung: Surf - The Snail (2016)
 WSL Men's Championship Tour (2015)
 Xuxa Meneghel (2015)
 Today (2014)
 ASP Men's Championship Tour (2014)
 ASP World Surf Tour (2014)
 Diário das Ilhas (2012)
 Noronha Prime (2012)

References

External links
 WSL profile WSL Championship Tour
 <mask> Br-Rip Curl

1993 births
Living people
People from São Sebastião, São Paulo
Brazilian surfers
World Surf League surfers
Olympic surfers of Brazil
Surfers at the 2020 Summer

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title: Horst Schumann

texts:
<mask> (1 May 1906 – 5 May 1983) was an SS-Sturmbannführer (major) and medical doctor who conducted sterilization and castration experiments at Auschwitz and was particularly interested in the mass sterilization of Jews by means of X-rays. Early life
Schumann was born on 1 May 1906 in Halle an der Saale. His father, <mask>, was also a doctor. Schumann entered the Nazi party in 1930 and joined the Sturmabteilung in 1932. In 1933, he received his medical degree after producing a thesis entitled "Frage der Jodresorption und der therapeutischen Wirkung sog. Jodbäder" ("The Question of Iodine Absorption and the Therapeutic Effects of so-called Iodine Baths"). He started his career as an assistant doctor in the Surgical Clinic of the clinic of Halle University.Nazi doctor
From 1934, Schumann was employed in the Public Health Office in Halle. He was recruited to the air force as a physician in 1939. He joined the Aktion T4 Euthanasia program in early October 1939, after a meeting with Dr. Viktor Brack in Hitler's chancellery. In January 1940, Schumann became head of the Grafeneck euthanasia centre in Württemberg, where mentally ill people were gassed with carbon monoxide in the first gas chamber. In the early summer of 1940, he was ordered to the Sonnenstein Euthanasia Centre. Schumann also belonged to a commission of doctors called "Action 14f13", who transferred weak and sick prisoners from Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Dachau, Flossenbürg, Gross-Rosen, Mauthausen, Neuengamme and Niederhangen concentration camps to the euthanasia killing centers. Auschwitz
On 28 July 1941, Schumann arrived in Auschwitz.He worked at Block 30 in the women's

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title: Horst Schumann

texts:
 what he was – an ordinary, but highly Nazified man and doctor..."

Footnotes

See also
The Holocaust
Nazi human experimentation
Josef Mengele
Carl Clauberg
Eduard Wirths

References
Robert Jay Lifton, (1986) The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide. New York: Basic Books.Klee, Ernst. "Turning the tap on was no big deal", (1990) - The gassing doctors during the Nazi period and afterwards, Dachau Review 2, History of Nazi Concentration Camps, Studies, Reports, Documents, Volume 2. edited by Wolfgang Benz and Barbara Distel, published for the Comite International de Dachau, Brussels. Verlag Dachauer Hefte, Alte Roemerstrasse 75, 8060 Dachau. Klodzinski, Stanislaw: "Sterilisation und Kastration durch Röntgenstrahlen im Auschwitz-Lager. Verbrechen Horst Schumann" in Internationales Auschwitz-Komitee (Hrsg.) "Unmenschliche Medizin" Anthologie, Bd. 1, Teil 2, Warschau 1969.Mitscherlich, Alexander/Mielke, Fred: "Medizin ohne Menschlichkeit", Frankfurt a. M. 1978,
Lang, Hans-Joachim: Die Frauen von Block 10. Medizinische Experimente in Auschwitz. Hamburg 2011. . External links
Biography of Dr. <mask> Schumann
"Medical Experiments at Auschwitz"

1906 births
1983 deaths
People from Halle (Saale)
German Völkisch Freedom Party politicians
Nazi Party politicians
20th-century Freikorps personnel
Auschwitz concentration camp personnel
SS-Sturmbannführer
Physicians in the Nazi Party
People from the Province of Saxony
Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg alumni
University of Innsbruck alumni
Nazi human subject research
Dachau concentration camp personnel
Gestapo personnel
People extradited from Ghana
People


title: Penny Siopis

texts:
<mask> (5 February 1953) is a South African artist from Cape Town. She was born in Vryburg in the North West province from Greek parents who had moved after inheriting a bakery from Siopis maternal grandfather. Siopis studied Fine Arts at Rhodes University in Makhanda, completing her master's degree in 1976, after which she pursued postgraduate studies at Portsmouth Polytechnic in the United Kingdom. She taught Fine Arts at the Technikon Natal in Durban from 1980 to 1983. In 1984 she took up a lectureship at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. During this time she was also visiting research fellow at the University of Leeds (1992–93) and visiting Professor in Fine Arts at Umeå University in Sweden (2000) as part of an interinstitutional exchange. With an Honorary Doctorate from Rhodes University, Makhanda - <mask> is currently Honorary Professor at Michaelis School of Fine Art, University of Cape Town.Early years

She came to prominence in the early 1980s with her 'cake' paintings, which materially encode feminist aesthetics in thick impasto oil paint surfaces. These works were followed by her 'history paintings', interpreted as a form of resistance against apartheid. Her interdisciplinary practice since the national liberation of her country has explored the persistence and fragility of memory, notions of truth and the complex entanglements of personal and collective histories. Experimenting with a wide range of materials and processes, she reflects on the politics of the body, grief and shame, estrangement, migration and more recently the relationship between the human and the not-human within the context of climate change. All her explorations assert

masks:
Penny Siopis
Siopis


title: Penny Siopis

texts:
 materiality and process as inseparable from concept, with her characteristic use of contingent and chance-driven methods becoming emblematic of her interest in 'the poetics of vulnerability'. Griselda Pollock states, "<mask>is is one of the few artists in the world today who can weave a material web of marks, gestures, voices, words, found things and painted surfaces to entangle the brute forces of history with the delicate threads of human vulnerability". Work
Siopis established herself as one of the most talented and challenging artists in South Africa and beyond, by working across painting, installation and film, bringing together diverse references and materials in ways that disturb disciplinary boundaries and binaries.Concepts of time run through all her work often manifesting in the actual physical changes of her materials; in her early cake paintings oil paint is made to be unnaturally affected by gravity, age and decay; in her films using archival footage time is marked as much by the effects of age on the celluloid as by the historical period caught in the sweep of the camera; in her accumulations of found objects in her installations, ideas of the heirloom come to the fore with her ongoing conceptual work Will (1997 - ) - in which she bequeaths objects to beneficiaries - being the ultimate time piece only becoming complete on her death; her glue and ink paintings index flux as they record the material transformation that happens when viscous glue matter reacts with pigment, gravity, the artist's bodily gestures, and the drying effects of the air. Siopis sees her art practice as 'open form', operating as an intimate model in which the physical changes of her


title: Penny Siopis

texts:
 1985 and 1995 <mask> produced a body of work often referred to as her 'history paintings'. Although her interest in the materiality of paint and her experimentation with this medium never ceased, the works from this period differed in many important ways from the 'cake' paintings. The transition was already marked in her Still Life with Watermelon and Other Things (1985); it was even more clearly evident in Melancholia (1986). Presenting a vision of colonialism in decline, the scene in Melancholia is both a vanitas and a history painting. It combines symbols of European high culture and references to Africa, all of them piling up as the debris of history within a claustrophobic space that signifies excess, ruin and psychological malaise.In the past the genre of history painting was seen as the highest achievement of the European art historical tradition. <mask>' ironic interrogation of its form and ideology is evident in such works as Patience on a Monument: 'A History Painting''' (1988). In the history works she introduced the techniques of collage and assemblage as a means to disrupt direct depiction and to bring in references to the representations of colonial history that South Africans were brought up on through history books. These techniques also allowed her to mark the significance of objects as traces of history in their own right. Through the introduction of objects and found images her works challenged the invisible but powerful structures within the ideological systems of apartheid at a time when political tensions in the country were running high. Pinky Pinky

The 2001-2004 series is the visualization of a South African urban legend Pinky Pinky. A hybrid


title: Penny Siopis

texts:
 perpetrator of violence, it also seems a victim of, and scapegoat for, violent, uncivil actions – a constructed 'something' to blame for social problems." Shame paintings

Siopis produced the Shame paintings between 2002 - 2005 in the wake of South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission  whilst exploring the public and psychological state of shame. The series of mixed-media paintings, show the artist's manipulation of thick, lacquer gel paint, used in home-craft to create stained glass and coloured mirror effects on surfaces. The ready-made rubber stamped messages within the paintings show the role of a language and the 'unspeakable' nature of the feeling imbued within the painting process.Works from the series were first shown in 2003 at solo exhibitions in Johannesburg and Athens. In 2005 the Shame paintings became a key feature of <mask>' multi-media installation titled Three Essays on Shame at the museum of Sigmund Freud, once his house, in London[8.33]. Responding to Freud's publication Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, of which the 2005 project marked the centenary, Siopis' Shame installation "linked the issues of sexuality and shame to the traumatic history of her country". By inserting references (voice recordings and objects) into the space, the work evoked a dialogue between Freud's ideas and various individual experiences during the proceedings of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission, binding the traces of human vulnerability and the dramatic effects of sweeping historical narratives. Consisting of three parts located in Freud's study, dining room and bedroom, the rooms were transformed to exhibit Siopis' installations titled Voice,


title: Penny Siopis

texts:
 Gesture and Memory - a frieze of the small paintings installed around Freud's deathbed. As part of Red: Iconography of Colour in the Work of <mask>is in 2009, 90 paintings from the series were exhibited at the KZNSA Gallery in Durban. The Shame paintings were later included in Siopis' 2014 retrospective exhibition Time and Again, installing the paintings as a grid at the South African National Gallery in Cape Town, and Wits Art Museum in Johannesburg.During a recent online exhibition for Art Basel: Pioneers, an installation of the Shame paintings was exhibited at Stevenson,Cape Town in 2021  alongside her most recent film titled Shadow Shame Again, showing a relation to gendered violence in South Africa and around the globe alongside here years of work on the subject of shame. Of this most recent exhibition, Pumla Dineo-Gqola writes how "The footage, music and clapping in the film, like the careful paintings arranged as a frieze, create meaning together, about violence's production of shame, and about its raced, gendered and historically contingent meanings". Ink and glue paintings

For the last 15 years <mask> has been extending her interests in materiality, chance and contingency; form and formlessness into experiments with the unorthodox medium of wood glue and ink. She shows matter to be alive, creating a fluid process in which the medium is an active agent in the making of the work. This process involves the mix of ink and glue and sometimes water through pouring the glue onto the canvas which is then moved to direct the flow. Allowing the materials to "mix, swirl and settle into patterns and shapes; the artist responds to the unpredictable image that starts to take

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title: Penny Siopis

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 small paintings on paper alongside a room of object-assemblages titled Tentacular Time and the makings of her film She Breathes Water. Siopis used various modes of making to respond to the vast history of climate change and the complex geological and social present. The complete film was more recently exhibited alongside her Atlas series of glue, ink and oil paintings on paper in Siopis' 2021 solo show In the Air at Stevenson, Amsterdam which further explored themes of the climate and the Covid-19 pandemic. Installation
Penny <mask>'s installation works comprise of accumulations of objects drawn from the artists personal collection installed in various iterations. "I was always interested in objects as carriers of meanings beyond themselves", Siopis writes, "they are physical traces of time, of people's lives and social histories".The objects migrate from one installation to another, "like an archive, which I use similarly to how I use film...its an ephemeral art really.The objects get taken down and become like paint tubes again".Charmed Lives, an installation project created for the Liberated Voices exhibition at New York's Museum for African Art in 1999 is notable amongst Siopis's works in this genre, becoming a prototype for further installations. The vast number of objects in this installation are imbued with emotions that the artist and the viewers bestow on them revealing different layers in the palimpsest of memories from personal, social and art historical, asking probing questions about the nature of the archive and the relative truth of a historical record. The constant evolution of the installations and the meanings made from them functions as a generative force


title: Penny Siopis

texts:
 not easy to work out who is talking: who's the 'you' and who's the 'I'?.Solo Exhibitions

 Selected Group Exhibitions

 Collections
The artist's work is represented in major public collections in South Africa; international collections include the Centre Pompidou, Paris; the Smithsonian Institution, Washington; Moderna Museet, Stockholm; and Tate, London. Awards

 2016 	Arts & Culture Trust Lifetime Achievement Award, South Africa
 2015 	Helgaard Steyn Prize, South Africa
 2002 	Klein Karoo Nationale Kunsfees: Best Visual Artist Award, South Africa
 1995 	Vita Art Now, Quarterly Award Winner, South Africa
 1991 	Vita Art Now, Special Merit Award, South Africa
 1988 	Vita Art Now, Quarterly Award Winner, South Africa
 	Vita Art Now, Merit Award, South Africa
 1986 	Volkskas Atelier Award, South Africa
 1985 	Cape Town Triennial, Merit Award, South Africa

 Bibliography
 Sue Williamson, Resistance Art in South Africa. Cape Town: David Philip, 1989. Colin Richards, 'For want of (An)Other World', in Penny Siopis, Johannesburg: The Artists Press, 1994. Clive van den Berg (ed) Panoramas of Passage: Changing Landscapes of South Africa, Washington and Johannesburg: Meridian Center and Wits Art Galleries, 1995. Okwui Enwezor (ed) Trade Routes: History and Geography, Greater Johannesburg Metropolitan Council, 1997. Frank Herremen & Mark D'Amato, Liberated Voices: Contemporary Art from South Africa, London and New York: Museum for African Art: Prestel, 1999.Jennifer A Law, 'The Story Teller: <mask>is', in Liberated Voices: Contemporary Art from South Africa Frank Herreman (ed), New York: Museum of African Art, New York and Prestel, 1999. Brenda Atkinson and Candice Breitz (eds)


title: Penny Siopis

texts:
 Grey Areas: Representation, Identity and Politics in Contemporary South African Art, Johannesburg: Chalkham Hill Press, 1999. Olu Oguibe and Okwui Enwezor, (eds) Reading the Contemporary: African Art from Theory to the Marketplace, London: Iniva and MIT Press, 2000. Jennifer Law, <mask>is: Sympathetic Magic. Johannesburg: University of Witswaterstrand, 2002. Kathryn Smith (ed) Penny Siopis, Johannesburg: Goodman Gallery, 2005. Colin Richards, 'Prima Facie: Surface as Depth in the Work of <mask>is' in Kathryn Smith (ed) <mask>is, Johannesburg: Goodman Gallery, 2005.Griselda Pollock, 'Painting, Difference and Desire in History: The Work of <mask>is 1985 - 1994' in Kathryn Smith (ed) <mask>, Johannesburg: Goodman Gallery, 2005
 Jennifer Law, Three Essays on Shame, London: Freud Museum, 2005. <mask>, 'Shame in Three Parts at the Freud Museum' in Claire Pajaczkowska and Ivan Ward (eds), Shame and Sexuality: Psychoanalysis and Visual Culture, London: Routledge, 2008
 Sarah Nuttall, Entanglement: Literary and Cultural Reflections on Post- Apartheid, Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 2009. Brenton Maart (ed), Red, The Iconography of Colour in the work of <mask>, Durban: KZNSA Gallery, 2009. Sarah Nuttall & <mask>is, An Unrecoverable Strangeness: some reflections on selfhood and otherness in South African Art, Critical Arts 24:3, 2010. Colin Richards, 'In Human History: Pasts and Prospects in South African Art today' in Thembinkosi Goniwe, Mario Pisarra (eds), Visual Century: South African Art in Context 1907-2007, Vo 4, Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 2011. Sue Williamson, South African Art Now. New York: HarperCollins, 2011.<mask> and Kim Miller, Whose Afraid of the Crowd,

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Penny Siopis


title: Penny Siopis

texts:
 Catalogue 57. Cape Town: Stevenson, 2011. Corinne Diserens, Appropriated Landscapes: Contemporary African Photography from The Walther Collection, Göttingen: Steidl, 2011. <mask>, 'The Hooks of History - Three Films' in Marie-Hélène Gutberelet, Cara Snyman (eds) Shoe Shop, Johannesburg: Jacana Media, 2012. Brenton Maart (ed), Contemporary South African Art and the Archive, Makhanda: National Arts Festival, 2013. Gerrit Oliver (ed), <mask>is: Time and Again, Wits University Press: Johannesburg, 2014. Griselda Pollock, 'Remembering Three Essays on Shame, <mask>is, Freud Museum, London 2005' in Gerrit Oliver (ed), <mask>is: Time and Again, Wits University Press: Johannesburg, 2014.<mask>, Grief, Stevenson: Cape Town, 2016. <mask>, Shame, Stevenson: Cape Town, 2016. <mask>, Material Acts , Stevenson: Cape Town, 2019. Karen Milbourne, I Am...Contemporary Women Artists of Africa'', Washington DC: Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, 2019. References

External links

1953 births
Living people
20th-century South African painters
20th-century South African women artists
21st-century South African painters
21st-century South African women artists
University of Cape Town academics
Rhodes University alumni
South African people of Greek descent
South African women painters
People from

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Penny Siopis


title: Scott Dobie

texts:
<mask> (born 10 October 1978) is a Scottish former footballer who played as a striker. Although born in England, Dobie played six times for Scotland at full international level in 2002. During a 16-year career he played for Carlisle United, Clydebank, West Bromwich Albion, Millwall, Nottingham Forest, St Johnstone, Bradford City and York City. Club career

Carlisle United
Born in Workington, Cumbria, Dobie joined Carlisle United as an apprentice in June 1995, turning professional on 10 May 1997. While at Carlisle, it was <mask>'s goalbound header that was parried into the path of Carlisle goalkeeper Jimmy Glass, who scored with the last kick of the final game of the 1998–99 season, preserving Carlisle's Football League status and relegating Scarborough. During 2000–01, Dobie attracted interest from other clubs, with Carlisle manager Ian Atkins claiming that the player could be worth as much as £2 million in the transfer market. West Bromwich Albion
Dobie was transferred to West Bromwich Albion on 6 July 2001 for an initial £150,000 fee, with another £50,000 being paid once he reached 25 appearances for his new club.He made his Albion début against Walsall on 11 August 2001. His first goal for the club came on 22 August 2001 in a League Cup tie at Cambridge United, when he lobbed the opposition goalkeeper from 30 yards out. He enjoyed an impressive September, scoring his first league goal for Albion in a 4–0 win over Manchester City, and thus commencing a scoring streak of eight goals in seven games. However he struggled to find the net after that, not scoring again until February. Nonetheless, he finished the season as the club's top scorer with

masks:
Robert Scott Dobie
Dobie


title: Scott Dobie

texts:
 11 league goals, 13 in total. His performances helped Albion get promoted to the Premier League in 2001–02. Two of his goals came on 16 March 2002 in a 3–0 win at Sheffield United; the game was dubbed the "Battle of Bramall Lane" as it was the only game in English professional football to be abandoned due to a team having insufficient players left on the pitch.In the summer he handed in a transfer request, reportedly because he wanted a wage increase after breaking into the Scotland national side. Albion refused to sell the player however, and eventually <mask> was rewarded with an improved four-year contract. <mask> was Albion's first Premier League substitute when he replaced Danny Dichio in the opening game against Manchester United at Old Trafford. He scored just five times in Albion's first Premiership season, although his strike against Tottenham Hotspur on 8 December 2002 was named 'Goal of the Week' by the BBC Sport website. Albion were relegated, but Dobie again won promotion with them in 2003–04, helping the club bounce back to the top-flight at the first attempt. Millwall
With the likes of Kanu and Robert Earnshaw ahead of him in the West Brom pecking order, Dobie struggled to gain first team action at the start of 2004–05, and on 8 November 2004 moved to Millwall in a deal worth "up to" £750,000. Owing to a sell-on clause, his former club Carlisle received at least £37,500 from the deal.Nottingham Forest
On 25 February 2005 he joined Nottingham Forest in a £525,000 move from Millwall, signing a three-and-a-half-year deal. His Forest career got off to a slow start, as he scored only one goal in 12 appearances. He then started to find

masks: Dobie Dobie


title: Scott Dobie

texts:
 his form, but a series of injuries, including a hip injury that required ground-breaking surgery in America, checked his progress, meaning he scored just two goals in the 2005–06 season. At the start of the 2006–07 season new manager Colin Calderwood expressed his faith in Dobie and said his career was safe at Forest. But injury again slowed his progress, after suffering a thigh injury on his comeback game, forcing him down the pecking order behind Grant Holt, Junior Agogo and Nathan Tyson. Most of Dobie's appearances in 2006–07 were from the substitutes bench. His only goal that season came in the 2006–07 League One play off semi-final against Yeovil.His header from a corner, put Forest 3–1 up in the tie, but they ended up losing 5–4 on aggregate after extra time. <mask> began the 2007–08 campaign as a lone striker against AFC Bournemouth but was quickly dropped to the bench, and then cut from the matchday squad altogether, although he returned as a substitute in Forest's 2–0 win at Port Vale. Return to Carlisle
On 23 January 2008, <mask> returned to Carlisle United, now in League One, where he signed a two-and-a-half-year contract after moving for a nominal fee. He was on the losing side in a play-off semi-final for the second year running when Carlisle were defeated 3–2 on aggregate by Leeds United, whose team included Dobie's half-cousin Paul Huntington. Dobie received the first red card of his career in a 0–0 draw against Leyton Orient in August 2008. St Johnstone
Dobie signed for Scottish Premier League club St Johnstone on a one-year contract in May 2010. <mask> had previously played alongside Saints manager Derek McInnes at West Brom.He

masks: Dobie Dobie Dobie


title: Scott Dobie

texts:
 played just four games for the Scottish outfit. <mask> signed for League Two side Bradford City in February 2011 on a loan deal until the end of the season. York City
After more than a year without a club, <mask> signed for newly promoted League Two club York City on a three-month contract on 30 August 2012. However, he was released a month later on 28 September 2012 after failing to break into the team. International career
<mask> represented Scotland at international level. He made his debut in a 4–1 defeat away to South Korea on 16 May 2002, in which he scored Scotland's only goal. He was capped six times by Scotland, all of these coming during 2002.Career statistics

Club

International

International goals
Scores and results list Scotland's goal tally first. After football
After retiring from football, <mask> became a police officer. He is now an Authorised Firearms Officer and National Firearms Instructor, and has provided armed protection at Merry Hill Shopping Centre in Birmingham. See also
 List of Scotland international footballers born outside Scotland

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
People from Workington
English footballers
Scottish footballers
Scotland international footballers
Association football forwards
Carlisle United F.C. players
Clydebank F.C. (1965) players
West Bromwich Albion F.C. players
Millwall F.C.players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
St Johnstone F.C. players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
York City F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Scottish Premier League players
Scottish Football League players
English people of Scottish descent
Anglo-Scots
British police

masks: Dobie Dobie Dobie Dobie


title: Missa Johnouchi

texts:
Missa <mask> (城之内 ミサ; <mask> was named UNESCO Artist for Peace in August 2006. Personality

Profile
Musician, UNESCO Artist for Peace, Ambassadress of the musical relations for the events commemorative of the 1300th anniversary of the Capital of Nara Heijo-Kyo. While being registered at the Academic institute of music of Toho,  the theory of musical composition section, she began to compose in the  audio-visual area for successful television series, commercials s and the cinema. She studied in France under the direction of the composer Jean-Claude Petit. Since 1988, <mask> is accompanied by the Orchestre National de l’Opéra de Paris and the Orchestre National de Paris for the making of her albums. In 1993, she participated t in the international conductors contest of Besançon. Her album of Asian original compositions, “Healing music”, was one of the best selling  albums in the occidental countries.Among her several  performances  and the first time ever, she gave a concert based on her  own compositions, as a pianist and as a conductor, in the department of Nara, in front of Kofukuji and Higashikondo (indicated like national treasures). Missa <mask> wrote composed and played the music in the opening ceremony of  the Flower Festival of Hamanakako, entitled “New elegances of the flowers”, whose production was ensured by a great Master of Japanese poetry, Mannnojo Nomura. At the “World Heritage Torch-Run Concert – Missa <mask> Johnouchi

masks:
Johnouchi
Jōnouchi Mia Johnouchi
Missa Johnouchi
Johnouchi
Johnouchia


title: Missa Johnouchi

texts:
 11.Déjà Vu ~Light in the Void
 12. Sekka (Snow Blossoms)
 13. Horizon
 14. Snow Dance

Kuge (29 October 2003)
DISC 1
 1. Skyward
 2. Stardust Island
 3. Lake
 4.Kazamatsuri
 5. Kataribe
 6. Exotica
 7. Prayer (Suite "Yamatoji Symphony : The Eternal Yamato" #2)
 8. Kotohime
 9. Sunset Moon
DISC 2 (Symphony)
 1. Kuge II
 2.Eurasia

Canon ~Missa <mask> Best (29 September 2004)
 1. Asian Wind
 2. Stardust Tapestry
 3. Kataribe
 4. Seasons
 5. Moon Beach
 6. Marco Polo
 7.Desert Mirage
 8. Pilgrimage
 9. Shangri-La
 10. Shanghai Twilight
 11. Night Bird
 12. Kirisamekodo (Ancient Roads in the Mist)

3 Nen B Gumi Kinpachi Sensei (OST) (19 January 2005)

Evening (22 Jun 2005)
 1. Evening
 2.Marco Polo (Remix)
 3. Lake (Remix)
 4. A Song Of The Lilies (Piano & Strings)
 5. Asian Wind (Remix)
 6. road to OASIS (Remix)
 7. Il Pleure dans mon cœur (Piano & Strings)
 8. Evening (Piano Version)

Snow ~Piano Collection (18 July 2006)
 3. Snow Forest
 6.Shigure (A Scattered Shower)
 9. Sekka (Snow Blossoms)
 10. Hatsuyuki (First Snow)

Fufudo (OST) 30 May 2007

Le Chant de La Terre (11 October 2007)
 1. Le Chant de La Terre
 2. Kaze no Hohoemi [Wind's Smile]
 3. Ilumine
 4. Harukana Tabi no Naka de [In Distant Travels]
 5.Snow Bird (Violin & Piano Version)
 6. Taiyou no Michi [The Road of the Sun]
 7. Le Muguet
 8. Tsumetai Tsuki no Hikari wo Abite [A Cold Moonlight Shower]
 9. Souseki [Genesis]
 10. Genka
 11. Kono Te wo Kazashite [Put Up Your Hands]


title: Calvert Watkins

texts:
<mask> (/ˈwɒtkɪnz/; March 13, 1933 – March 20, 2013) was an American linguist and philologist, known for his book How to Kill a Dragon. He was a professor of linguistics and the classics at Harvard University and after retirement went to serve as professor-in-residence at UCLA. Early life

Family
<mask> was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on March 13, 1933 to <mask>, an economist and government advisor, and Willye Ward, a Spanish teacher who translated the personal memoirs of former Mexican president Gen. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. Much of <mask>'s childhood was spent in New York City, and he graduated from Friends Seminary in Manhattan before beginning his career at Harvard University. <mask>'s early exposure to Latin and Greek inspired him at the age of fifteen to decide to become an Indo-Europeanist. Education
<mask> received his initial undergraduate degree from Harvard University in 1954, graduating summa cum laude, and his Ph.D in Linguistics in 1959. During his time at Harvard, <mask> also studied abroad at the École Pratique des Hautes Études in Paris, France, from 1954 to 1955 as well as the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, School of Celtic Studies from 1957 to 1958.Career

Harvard
In 1959,

masks:
Calvert Watkins
Calvert Watkins
Ralph James Watkins
Watkins
Watkins
Watkins
Watkins


title: Calvert Watkins

texts:
 <mask> was initially appointed the position of instructor at Harvard University. He later became assistant professor in 1960, associate professor with tenure in 1962, and full professor in 1966. In 1989 <mask> was appointed to the position of Victor. S Thomas Professor of Linguistics and Classics. Linguists influenced by <mask> during his tenure at Harvard include Goddard, Jasanoff, D. Gary Miller, Michael Silverstein, Alice Harris, H. Craig Melchert, Alan Nussbaum, Brent Vine, Mark Hale, Andrew Garrett, Joshua Katz and Benjamin Fortson. <mask> remained dedicated to the research and development of historical linguistics throughout his entire academic and professional career. In 1982 he was a founding member of the "East Coast Indo-European Conference" in which he participated in a large majority of its annual meetings.University of California, Los Angeles
Upon his retirement from Harvard in 2003, <mask> moved to Los Angeles, California and began teaching at the University of California, Los Angeles alongside his wife, Stephanie Jamison. <mask> continued to promote the importance of historical linguistics at UCLA by remaining active in the annual UCLA Indo-European Conference. In 2013, the 25th annual conference

masks: Watkins Watkins Watkins Watkins Watkins Watkins


title: Calvert Watkins

texts:
 was dedicated to the memory of <mask>. Early published works
His doctoral dissertation at Harvard University, Indo-European Origins of the Celtic Verb I. The Sigmatic Aorist (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1962), which deeply reflected the structuralist approach of Jerzy Kuryłowicz, opened a fresh era of creative work in Celtic comparative linguistics and the study of the verbal system of Indo-European languages. <mask>, in a sense, completed his contribution to this area with his Indogermanische Grammatik, vol. 3, part 1: Geschichte der indogermanischen Verbalflexion (1969).Meanwhile, his work on Indo-European vocabulary and poetics yielded a large number of articles on (among others) Celtic, Anatolian, Greek, Italic and Indo-Iranian material, presented directly in his Selected Writings and indirectly in his book, How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics (Oxford University Press, 1995). He contributed his expertise on Indo-European languages to the first edition of The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language and edited The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots (). He also pointed out that of all the Celtic languages, Old Irish is the closest match to the theorized

masks: Watkins Watkins


title: Calvert Watkins

texts:
 Proto-Indo European mother tongue and that Old Irish represents an extraordinary ancient language whose structure can only be compared with that of Vedic Sanskrit. How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics
How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics was published on November 16, 1995 through Oxford University Press and attempted to establish a formulaic method of comparative linguistics which exemplified the importance of the poetic formula in order to better trace the development of Indo-European languages by working backwards and identifying patterns from their mother language, Proto-Indo-European. The book is divided into two main halves, the first of which acts as a definition and introduction the study of Indo-European poetics which is expanded upon by implementing <mask>' idea of the "dragon-slaying myth" and defending this concept through a number of case studies involving languages connected by a common theme. <mask> expands upon the "dragon-slaying myth" in part two of the text by offering new research into his proposed formula of "HERO SLAY SERPENT", he also attempts to reconstruct an example of Proto-Indo-European through the comparative method of historical linguistics. Lingua


title: Calvert Watkins

texts:
 Franca reviewer Marc L'Heureux commented that <mask> also implements historical evidence to favor the development of language such as the relationship between the patron and the poet.He further opined that through the ceremonious delivery from the poet, the word choices became preserved as historical evidence of the language in question. Thus the poet was not only a wielder of great power, according to <mask> as the patron's prestige was inherently tied to the poet's prowess, but a recorder of language that has allowed for research to be conducted in order to better understand the development of ancient languages. How to Kill a Dragon received favorable acclaim and is now considered to be a definitive text which transformed the study of Indo-European poetics. How to Kill a Dragon earned <mask> the 1998 Goodwin Award for Classical Studies. Legacy and awards
 Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy (1968)
 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1973)
 Member of the American Philosophical Society (1975)
 Senior Fellowship for Independent Study and Research from the National Endowment for the Humanities (1984–85)
 Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy (1987)
 Académie des Inscriptions et

masks: Watkins Watkins Watkins


title: Calvert Watkins

texts:
 Belles-Lettres, Correspondant Etranger (1990)
 Guggenheim Fellowships for demonstration of exceptional capacity for productive scholarship and exceptional creative ability in the arts in the field of linguistics (1991)
 Goodwin Award for Classical Studies for How to Kill a Dragon (1998)
 President of the Linguistic Society of America in 1988
 Associé Etranger, Membre de l'Institut (1999)

Death
<mask> died in his sleep at the age of 80 in Los Angeles, California on March 20, 2013. He was the Distinguished Professor in Residence of the Department of Classics and the Program in Indo-European Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he had moved in 2003 after retiring from Harvard University as Victor S. Thomas Professor of Linguistics and the Classics. Published works
 "Review of Kenneth Jackson, Language and History in Early Britain: A Chronological Survey of the Britannic Languages, First to Twelfth Century A.D.," Language 30 (1954) 513–18;  P. Guiraud, Bibliographie critique de la statistique linguistique rev.& completed by D. Houchin, J. Puhvel & Watkins under the direction of J. Whatmough (Utrecht, 1954). REVS: BSL L 1954,2 44–46 Cohen; Emerita XXIV 1956 187 Tovar
 "The Phonemics of


title: Calvert Watkins

texts:
 Gaulish: The Dialect of Narbonensis," Language 31 (1955) 9–19
 "Preliminaries to a Historical and Comparative Analysis of the Syntax of the Old Irish Verb," Celtica 6 (1963) 1–49
 "Indo-European Metrics and Archaic Irish Verse," Celtica 6 (1963) 194–249; "Lat. nox, by night. A Problem in Syntactic Reconstruction," Symbolae linguisticae in honorem J. Kuryłowicz, ed. A. Heinz (Wrocław, 1965) 351–358
 "An Indo-European Construction in Greek and Latin," HSCP 71 (1966) 115–119; J. Kuryłowicz, Indogermanische Grammatik, III, 1. Teil : Formenlehre : Geschichte der indogermanischen Verbalflexion by <mask> (Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, 1969) REV. Paideia XXX 1975 382–386 Pisani; WZHalle XXI 1972, 1 99–102 Barschel | DLZ XCII 1971 849–851 Sternemann | Language XLVIII 1972 687–695 Wyatt
 "The Indo-European Origin of English," The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language New York: American Heritage and Houghton Mifflin, 1969) xix-xx
 "Indo-European and the Indo Europeans," ibid., 1496–502; "Indo-European Roots," ibid., 1505–50
 "A Latin-Hittite Etymology," Language 45 (1969) 235–242
 "A Further Remark of Lachmann's Law," HSCP 74 (1970) 55–65
 "On the Family of arceō, ἀρκέω, and Hittite h⌣ark-," HSCP


title: Calvert Watkins

texts:
 Semantics of Case and the Semantics of Love among the Western Greeks," La langue poétique indo-européenne : actes du colloque de travail de la Société des études indo-européennes (Indogermanische Gesellschaft, Society for Indo-European studies), Paris, 22–24 octobre 2003, ed. Georges-Jean Pinault and Daniel Petit (Leuven, 2006) 517–521
 "Hipponactea quaedam," Hesperos: Studies in Ancient Greek Poetry Presented to M. L. West on His Seventieth Birthday, ed. Patrick J. Finglass, Christopher Collard, and Nicholas J. Richardson (Oxford, 2007) 118–125.References

External links

 Essay by <mask> on Indo-European, from The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
 How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics, limited preview

1933 births
2013 deaths
Linguists from the United States
Celtic studies scholars
Historical linguists
Harvard University faculty
Indo-Europeanists
Linguists of Indo-European languages
University of California, Los Angeles faculty
Fellows of the British Academy
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Linguistic Society of America presidents
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Friends Seminary


title: David de Aaron de Sola

texts:
<mask> or  <mask> (1796–1860) () was a rabbi and author, born in Amsterdam, the son of <mask>. Family history and education
<mask> was descended from a distinguished family of Sephardim, who emigrated from Spain in 1492 on the expulsion of the Jews from that country by Ferdinand and Isabella. The family seems to have settled mainly in Holland and includes, among  others, the preacher <mask> (1675-1735) and Dr. <mask> (1735-1816), who served as court physician to William, Prince of Orange. At just eleven years of age, <mask> entered as a student to the bet ha-midrash in Amsterdam, studying diligently, and after a course of nine years received his rabbinical diploma from Haham d'Azevdo of Amsterdam who stated that <mask> was "to the fullest extent competent to discharge rabbinical functions...and assume the ministerial office in every city." He also engaged in secular studies. In addition to the Spanish and Portuguese languages, which were spoken at home, he read both German and French literature. Moreover, he studied mathematics and astronomy, and his great-uncle, Dr. <mask>, introduced him to medicine.He became proficient in drawing, sketching, and music as well. Rabbinic career
In 1818, D.A<mask> <mask> was called to London to become one of the ministers of the Bevis Marks Congregation under Haham Raphael Meldola (who would also later become his father-in-law). <mask>'s addresses before the Society for the Cultivation of Hebrew Literature led the mahamad (board of directors of the congregation) to appoint him to deliver discourses in the vernacular, and on March 26, 1831, he preached

masks:
David de Aaron de Sola
David Aaron de Sola
Aaron de Sola
David Aaron De Sola
Isaac de Sola
Benjamin de Sola
David Aaron de Sola
de Sola
Benjamin de Sola
. de
Sola
De Sola


title: David de Aaron de Sola

texts:
 the first sermon in English ever heard within the walls of Bevis Marks Synagogue (all previous ones being spoken in Spanish or Portuguese). His discourses were subsequently published by the mahamad. Of his style, one observer wrote: "Though a scholar and a thinker, yet he...used the most unpedantic terms and assumed a quiet, colloquial manner." Publications
D.A.<mask>'s most significant work was the publication in 1836 and again in 1852 of the prayer book, Translation of the Forms of Prayer According to the Custom of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews. This undertaking, which received the encouragement and financial support of Sir Moses Montefiore, "was a remarkable feat of scholarship" and formed the basis for several subsequent editions. Other writings by D.A<mask> <mask> include:

In 1829, he issued his first work, The Blessings, with an introductory essay on the nature and duty of thanksgiving. In 1837, <mask> published The Proper Names in Scripture; about the same time he wrote Moses the Prophet, <mask>, and <mask>, and in 1838 Notes on Basnage and Milman's History of the Jews. In 1839, collaborating with M. J. Raphall, he translated eighteen treatises of the Mishnah. The work had a strange fate, for, the manuscript having reached the hands of a member of the Burton Street Synagogue, it was published in 1842, without the permission of the authors, before it had been revised or corrected for the press, and with an anonymous preface expressing views entirely opposed to those of <mask> and Raphall.In 1840 <mask>, conjointly with Raphall, began the publication of an English translation

masks:
de Sola
. de
Sola
de Sola
Moses Maimonides
Moses Mendelssohn
de Sola
de Sola


title: David de Aaron de Sola

texts:
 of the Scriptures, together with a commentary. Only the first volume, Genesis, was published, in 1844. In 1860, he translated into English, in four volumes, the festival prayers according to the custom of the German and Polish Jews. Besides his works in English, <mask> wrote in Hebrew, German, and Dutch. He contributed frequently between 1836 and 1845 to the Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums and to Der Orient, and published in German A Biography of Ephraim Luzzato and a Biography of Distinguished Israelites in England. His chief work in Dutch was his Biography of Isaac Samuel Reggio, published in 1855 and afterward translated into English. Organizational activities
<mask> was instrumental in organizing the Association for the Promotion of Jewish Literature and other societies of a similar character.Musical contributions
D.A<mask> <mask> had a lifelong passion for music. As his son Abraham relates, "nature had gifted him with a fine ear and a most melodious voice." In 1857, he published The Ancient Melodies of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews, including a historical account of the poets, poetry, and melodies of the Sephardic liturgy. In the notation of the melodies he was assisted by Emanuel Aguilar, the composer. Additionally, <mask> composed a melody for Adon Olam that is still used in both Sephardi and Ashkenazi synagogues in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. Family life
<mask> was married in 1819 to Rica/Rebecca <mask> Meldola (born Amsterdam 1796 died London 1866, eldest daughter of Haham Raphael Meldola, who was born in Florence and was also accomplished in her study of religion

masks:
de Sola
De Sola
. de
Sola
de Sola
De Sola
de Hezekiah


title: David de Aaron de Sola

texts:
 and languages.They had a fruitful marriage, producing six sons and nine daughters. Among the sons was Rabbi Abraham <mask>, who served as minister at the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue of Montreal and <mask> <mask>, who in 1863 was elected to succeed his father as minister of the Bevis Marks. One daughter, Jael, married Solomon Belais, son of Rabbi Abraham Belais, at one time treasurer to the Bey of Tunis. Another daughter, Eliza, married Rev. Abraham Pereira <mask> and was the mother of Rabbi Dr. <mask> <mask> <mask> and Rabbi Dr. Henry Pereira <mask>. Of the other daughters, five married in London, one being Annette Hannah <mask> born 1827, London and who married in London in 1863 Maurice Moses Cohen Rogers born 1831 in Leewarden. Their grandson Dr Keith Bernard <mask> Rogers, born London 1910, died London 2005.Dr Rogers "Until 1941 he was a research assistant under Sir Almoth Wright and Sir <mask>, part of the illustrious team in the inoculation department at St Mary’s, concerned with immunology, early blood transfusions, and the development of sulphonamides, and, above all, penicillin. Indeed, Keith Rogers was probably the first patient to be treated clinically with penicillin ointment. He was to captain the London University rifle team in an important match when he developed severe conjunctivitis. The penicillin worked and the match was won." <mask> <mask> died at Shadwell, near London, in 1860. References

External links

1796 births
1860 deaths
Rabbis from Amsterdam
Dutch Orthodox rabbis
Dutch people of Spanish-Jewish descent
Dutch Sephardi Jews
Sephardi rabbis
19th-century

masks:
de Sola
Samuel de
Sola
Mendes
Frederick de
Sola
Mendes
Mendes
de Sola
de Sola
Alexander Fleming
David de
Sola


title: Tanner Boser

texts:
<mask> (born August 2, 1991) is a Canadian mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter who is currently signed to the UFC Ultimate Fighting Championship Heavyweight division. He had previously won the Unified MMA Heavyweight Championship twice. He has previously competed in M-1 Global and King of the Cage. Background
<mask> was born and raised in Bonnyville, Alberta, Canada, by a gym owner mother and oil field worker father. <mask> was homeschooled until high school. He has a brother, Landon, who is also a professional mixed martial artist. He trained karate for almost a decade while growing up, reaching a black belt in the discipline.After graduating from the high school, Boser drove trucks to local oil fields. Mixed martial arts career

Early career
Without any real training besides his karate background, Boser made his professional mixed martial arts debut in 2012. After the victory in his debut, Boser started training Brazilian jiu-jitsu for his sophomore bout which he won via recently learned submission skills. In 2013 he moved to Edmonton, Alberta to pursue his mixed martial arts career while working as a bouncer for six years. After scraping by financially for a while in 2016, Boser decided to focus on other options and took an Emergency Medical Technician course with hopes of becoming a paramedic. However the hunger to compete would bring him back to training MMA full time, leading to Boser traveling around the world competing in 9 different countries. Over the next seven years, he earned a respectable record of 16–5–1.During this time he became a two-time Unified MMA Heavyweight Champion and defending the belt three times. and has also fought around the world. Promotions such as fighting for Absolute Championship Akhmat and M-1 Global has taken him to Kazakhstan, Russia, United Arab Emirates, England and Australia. Having previously defended his Heavyweight Championship for the third time, when Boser was offered to sign with the Ultimate Fighting Championship in 2019. Ultimate Fighting Championship
In his debut,

masks:
Tanner Vilbon Nicholas Boser
Boser
Tanner


title: Tanner Boser

texts:
 <mask> was set to face Brazilian competitor Giacomo Lemos on July 27, 2019 at UFC 240 in Edmonton, Alberta. However his debut would be delayed as his opponent tested positive for a banned substance and the fight was called off due to a ruling from the United States Anti-Doping Agency. Boser's debut eventually took place on October 18, 2019 at UFC on ESPN 6 against Daniel Spitz.He won the bout via unanimous decision earning him his first victory in the promotion. <mask> next faced Ciryl Gane on December 21, 2019 at UFC Fight Night 165. He lost the fight via unanimous decision. <mask> was scheduled to face Jeff Hughes on March 28, 2020 at UFC on ESPN: Ngannou vs. Rozenstruik. However, the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Returning to action amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, <mask> faced Philipe Lins at UFC on ESPN: Poirier vs. Hooker on June 27, 2020. He won the fight via knockout in the first round.This win earned him the Performance of the Night award. As the first fight of his new four-fight contract, <mask> next faced Raphael Pessoa at UFC on ESPN: Whittaker vs. Till on July 26, 2020. Boser won the fight via technical knockout in round two. This win earned him the Performance of the Night award. <mask> was expected to face Andrei Arlovski on October 4, 2020 at UFC on ESPN: Holm vs. Aldana. However a sickness with Arlovski pushed the bout to UFC on ESPN: Santos vs. Teixeira. Boser lost the fight via unanimous decision.<mask> faced Ilir Latifi on June 5, 2021 at UFC Fight Night: Rozenstruik vs. Sakai. He lost the fight via split decision. As the first fight of his new, four-fight contract <mask> faced Ovince Saint Preux on June 26, 2021 at UFC Fight Night 190. He won the fight via knockout in the second round. <mask> was scheduled to face Sergei Pavlovich on December 4, 2021 at UFC on ESPN 31. However due to travel issues, the bout was scrapped. <mask> is scheduled to face  Rodrigo Nascimento on April 23, 2022, at UFC Fight Night 207.87
Sportspeople from Alberta
Ultimate Fighting Championship male

masks: Boser Boser Boser Boser Boser Boser Boser Boser Boser Boser


title: Paul K. Charlton

texts: <mask><mask> is a former United States Attorney and current partner at the law firm of Dentons US LLP in the firm's Phoenix, Arizona office. <mask> concentrates his practice on high-profile and complex litigation, internal investigations and white-collar criminal defense. <mask> also represents a number of Arizona Native American governments, including Ak-Chin, Salt River Pima-Maricopa, Haulapai, the Navajo Nation, and Tohono O'odham. Prior to joining Dentons, he served as managing partner at law firm Steptoe & Johnson LLP. <mask> served as the United States Attorney for the District of Arizona from 2001–2007. He was nominated in November 2001 by President George W. Bush. He oversaw a staff of more than 220 employees, four offices throughout the state, and an approximately $20 million budget.During his tenure, <mask> led enforcement initiatives against terrorism, public corruption, illegal immigration and crime in Indian Country. <mask> began his legal career in 1989 as an Assistant Attorney General with the Arizona Attorney General's Office. In March 1991, <mask> joined the U.S. Attorney's Office in Arizona as an Assistant U.S. Attorney where he prosecuted a wide variety of matters from homicides to complex fraud cases. <mask> was one of seven U.S. attorneys dismissed on December 7, 2006 by the Bush administration in 2006 for "performance-related issues" (see Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy). Subsequent disclosures revealed that three or more additional attorneys were dismissed under similar circumstances between 2005-2006. <mask> was confirmed as the United States Attorney for the United States District Court for the District of Arizona on November 6, 2001. <mask> was informed of his dismissal by Justice Department official Michael

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. Charlton
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title: Paul K. Charlton

texts:
 A.Battle on December 7, 2006, and announced his resignation on December 19, 2006, effective January 31, 2007. <mask>'s office had been honored with the Federal Service Award and hailed by the Justice Department as a "model program" for its protection of crime victims. <mask> ranked in the top third among the nation's 93 US attorneys in contributing to an overall 106,188 federal prosecutions filed in 2006; scored in the top third in number of convictions; oversaw a district in the top five highest in number of immigration-related prosecutions; ranked among the top 20 offices for drug prosecutions; and, unlike in the other seven cases, ranked high in weapons cases, prosecuting 199 of the United States' 9,313 such cases in 2006, the tenth-highest in the country and up fourfold from 2002. Overall, <mask> ranked number one in the nation for convictions in 2006. United States attorney

In September 2006, it became clear that <mask> had launched an investigation of Rep. Rick Renzi, R-Ariz, over a land-swap deal. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales's chief of staff, <mask>, subsequently included <mask> on a list of U.S. attorneys "we now should consider pushing out." Sampson made the comment in a Sept. 13, 2006, letter to then-White House Counsel Harriet Miers.As recently as February 2005, <mask> had been on the so-called "retain" list. On March 19, 2007, the White House released 3,000 pages of records connected to the controversy, including emails sent by <mask> to the Justice Department about his dismissal. On Dec. 21, 2006, <mask> sent a message to William W. Mercer, the third-ranking official in the department, writing, "Media now asking if I was asked to resign over leak in Congressman Renzi investigation." <mask> never received a response. The

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Kyle Sampson
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