title: Bill Rauch

texts:
 Beaumont Theater, beginning September 6, 2019. The play starred Emmy-winner Brian Cox as President Lyndon B. Johnson. Leading The Ronald O. Perelman Performing Arts Center
In February 2016, <mask> was named the inaugural artistic director of the Ronald O. Perelman Performing Arts Center, a new, flexible midsize performance space at The World Trade Center that will produce theater, dance, music, and chamber opera. Awards and honors
In 2018 <mask> received the Ivy Bethune Award from Actors’ Equity Association for diversity and inclusion in hiring, casting and producing. Other honors include the inaugural "Guiding Star" Award (2017), two Independent Reviewers of New England Awards (2017, 2014), a Falstaff Award (2013), the 2012 Zelda Fichandler Award, TCG's Visionary Leadership Award (2010), Connecticut Critics Circle, L.A. Weekly, and Helen Hayes Awards. He is also the only artist to have won the inaugural "Leadership for a Changing World" award (2001).<mask> is also the recipient of the 2009 Margo Jones Award, founded by Inherit the Wind authors Jerome Lawrence and Robert Edwin Lee and presented annually by Ohio State University. The award honors "that citizen-of-the theatre who has demonstrated a significant impact, understanding, and affirmation of the craft of playwriting, with a lifetime commitment to the encouragement of the living theatre everywhere. "[2][3]

In 2015 <mask> was named a Ford Foundation Art of Change Fellow in 2015 and was awarded a United States Artists Prudential Fellowship in 2008. References

1962 births
Living people
People from Ashland, Oregon
Harvard College alumni
University of California, Los Angeles faculty
Place of birth missing (living people)
University of Southern California faculty
California State University, Los Angeles faculty
University of California, Irvine faculty
American theatre directors
Artistic directors
Festival


title: Dov Reiser

type: original

texts:
<mask> (; born September 28, 1947) is an Israeli actor and voice actor. Biography
Born in Tel Aviv, <mask> began his acting career at the age of 18. He is a frequent performer at the Habima Theatre and has been a staff member there since 1986. He has also performed at the Beersheba Theatre from 1974 to 1977 as well as the Cameri Theatre. <mask> was renowned for his appearances in the French theatre adaptations of plays such as The Caucasian Chalk Circle, The Cherry Orchard and The Threepenny Opera. On film and television, <mask> made his film debut in the 1972 film The Great Telephone Robbery directed by Menahem Golan and he often made appearances on the entertainment program Zehu Ze!. He has also appeared in the 1979 film Dizengoff 99 and the 1987 film Ha-Muvtal Batito.His most popular television appearance was on a short lived 1994 sitcom in which he plays a widowed father and he also portrayed the prophet Nathan in a 1989 TV film directed by Ram Loevy. As a voice actor, <mask> dubbed the voices of many animated characters into the Hebrew language and is considered to be one of the most influential and successful Hebrew dubbing actors. He has voiced the narrator and Kame-Sennin in Dragon Ball Z and Ollie in Ox Tales. He has also frequently dubbed characters created by The Walt Disney Company in films such as Cogsworth in Beauty and the Beast, Henry J. Waternoose in

masks:
Dov Reiser
Reiser
Reiser
Reiser
Reiser


title: Dov Reiser

texts:
 Monsters, Inc., The Duke of Weselton in Frozen, Prince John in Robin Hood, Edgar in The Aristocats and Grimsby in The Little Mermaid. Outside of Disney, he voiced Cornelius Fudge in the Hebrew dub of Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and Oogway in Kung Fu Panda. In addition, <mask> voiced Iroh in Avatar: The Last Airbender and The Legend of Korra. Awards
In 1996, <mask> received the Klatchkin Award for outstanding actor.He also won the Maskin Award in 2019. Filmography

Dubbing
 A Bug's Life (Mr. (Krillin)
 Dragon Ball Z: Broly – The Legendary Super Saiyan (Krillin)
 Dragon Ball Z: Bojack Unbound (Krillin, Kogu)
 Dragon Ball Z: Broly – Second Coming (Krillin)
 Dragon Ball Z: Bio-Broly (Krillin)
 Dragon Ball Z: Fusion Reborn (Frieza)
 Dragon Ball Z: Wrath of the Dragon (Krillin)
 Dragon Hunters (Bat 1)
 El Cid: The Legend (additional voices)
 Enchanted (additional voices)
 Ferdinand (additional voices)
 Finding Nemo (Bubbles)
 Flushed Away (additional voices)
 Free Birds (S.T.E.V.E.) Garfield: The Movie (Happy Chapman, Walter J. Chapman)
 Happy Feet 2 (additional voices)
 Help! I'm a Fish (additional voices)
 Hoodwinked! (Dolph, Jimmy Lizard)
 Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs.Evil (Mad Hog)
 Horton Hears a Who! (Swan 1)
 The Water Horse: Legend of the Deep (Lt. Wormsley (Erroll Shand))
 Thomas and the Magic Railroad (Thomas the Tank Engine)
 Tinker Bell (The Minister of

masks: Reiser Reiser


title: Dov Reiser

texts:
 Spring)
 Secret of the Wings (The Minster of Spring)
 TMNT (Gener Gato)
 Tom and Jerry: A Nutcracker Tale (Tom, additional voices)
 Tony Hawk in Boom Boom Sabotage (additional voices)
 Valiant (Mercury)
 WALL-E (additional voices)
Winnie the Pooh (Rabbit)
Wreck-it Ralph (King Candy)
 Zambezia (Sekhuru)
Zookeeper (Bernie the Gorila)
 Zootopia (Stu Hopps)

References

External links

<mask> <mask> at Behind The Voice Actors

1947 births
Living people
Beit Zvi School for the Performing Arts alumni
Israeli male film actors
Israeli male stage actors
Israeli male television actors
Israeli male voice actors
Male actors from Tel Aviv
20th-century Israeli male actors
21st-century Israeli male

masks: Dov Reiser


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts: <mask> (died 1258) was a 13th-century Dominican friar who was  the first member of the Dominican Order in Britain and Ireland to become a bishop. In 1233, he was selected to lead the ailing diocese of Dunblane in Scotland, and faced a struggle to bring the bishopric of Dunblane (or "bishopric of Strathearn") to financial viability. This involved many negotiations with the powerful religious institutions and secular authorities which had acquired control of the revenue that would normally have been the entitlement of <mask>'s bishopric. The negotiations proved difficult, forcing <mask> to visit the papal court in Rome. While not achieving all of his aims, <mask> succeeded in saving the bishopric from relocation to Inchaffray Abbey. He also regained enough revenue to begin work on the new Dunblane Cathedral. He faced a similar challenge with the impoverished bishopric of Argyll in the 1240s.He was given the job of restoring the viability of the diocese and installing a new bishop; this involved forming a close relationship with King Alexander II of Scotland. <mask> was with the king during his campaign in Argyll in 1249 and was at his side when he died during this campaign. In 1250 <mask> had been able to install a new bishop in Argyll and had become one of the Guardians appointed to govern Scotland during the minority of King Alexander III. By 1250 he had established a reputation as one of the most active Dominican reformers in Britain. <mask> helped to elevate Edmund of Abingdon and

masks: Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts:
 Queen Margaret to sainthood. After his death, he received veneration as a saint himself, although he was never formally canonised. Early years and background

The Analecta Ordinis Fratrum Praedicatorum claims that he was "a Scot by birth", and that he was admitted into the Dominican Order of Paris in 1219.The latter source, however, is often highly unreliable, and cannot be fully trusted. The historian Archie Duncan was cautious about a date as firm and early as 1221, and wrote that <mask> "had entered the Dominican order by the later 1220s". Although "<mask>" is neither a Scottish nor an English name, the large number of French-speakers in both Scotland and England during this period means that this consideration carries limited weight; indeed "<mask>" need not even have been his birth-name. The diocese of Dunblane was entirely Gaelic-speaking in <mask>'s day, and in this era it was often frowned upon for a bishop to be ignorant of the language of his diocese. If this had been a consideration in <mask>'s later appointment, then this would strongly suggest that <mask> was in fact a Scot. <mask> was later noted for his skill in languages. <mask> received his university education at either the University of Oxford or the University of Paris, perhaps at both of these institutions.There is a possibility that he can be identified more fully as "<mask>". A "<mask> Rocha"  was the owner of a manuscript from the period now held in Edinburgh. This, however, says nothing more about his

masks:
Clement
Clement
Clement
Clement
Clement
Clement
Clement
Clement
Clement Rocha
Father Clement


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts: background. The Dominican Order had its origins in the reformist ideology of Dominic de Guzmán, later Saint Dominic. By 1219, Dominic had established houses as far apart as Paris, Bologna, Madrid and Segovia; at his death in 1221, there were 21 houses. Expansion of the order continued into England as houses were established at Oxford in 1221 and London in 1224. There were five houses in England by 1230, by which time the Order was poised to enter Scotland.Later tradition had it that the Dominican Order entered Scotland in 1230, encouraged by King Alexander II and William de Malveisin, Bishop of St Andrews. However, the earliest certain date for the foundation of a Dominican house in Scotland is 1234. These details form the context for <mask>'s appearance in Scotland and his selection as the new Bishop of Dunblane. Three years had passed since the death of the last bishop, Osbert. Since there was no electoral college for the diocese, Pope Gregory IX charged the bishops of St Andrews, Brechin and Dunkeld, to find and nominate a suitable replacement. There can only be informed speculation regarding the choice of <mask>. Importantly, perhaps, King Alexander was later noted for "his concern for building churches for the Friars Preacher [Fratrum precipue Predicatorum]".The status of the Dominicans at the cutting edge of religious reform, together with <mask>'s background, may have been the decisive factors. At any rate, <mask> was consecrated as bishop at Wedale on 4 September 1233, by

masks: Clement Clement Clement Clement


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts: century, and the base for the archdeaconry of the diocese appears to have varied between there and Dunblane until the time of Bishop <mask>. The bishopric itself appears to have been without a single base, although it was probably associated with both locations.<mask> visited the papal court to present his difficult situation. In spring 1237, the Pope wrote to the Bishop of Dunkeld that: Bishop <mask> ... found the Church so desolated that there was no place in the Cathedral Church where he could lay his head; it had no college of clergy; the divine offices were celebrated in a roofless church and by a rural chaplain only; and the episcopal revenues were so slender, and had been alienated to such a degree, that they scarcely sufficed to support him for half a year. In response to <mask>'s visit, moreover, the Pope had empowered the Bishops of Dunkeld, Brechin and St Andrews to take action to rescue the bishopric. He told these bishops that, Since the continual care of all the churches is our daily burden, we grant to the said Church [Dunblane], so far as we personally can, and authorise you, if you find the situation to be as described, to assign to the said Bishop, if it can be done without scandal, a quarter of the teinds of all the parish churches of the Diocese of Dunblane, so that under your guidance and that of upright men, he may set aside a suitable portion of them for his own maintenance, and thereafter assign revenues for a dean and canons whom we wish and authorise you to


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts:
 institute there. Failing this, the Pope wrote, The quarter teinds of all the churches of the Diocese assigned to the Bishop, which are held by laymen, you shall transfer with the episcopal seat to the Canons Regular of St. John in the Diocese [i.e. to Inchaffray Abbey], who shall have power to elect a Bishop in any vacancy. So the Pope's help was two-sided.It made <mask>'s task vis-à-vis these institutions easier, but on the other hand the possibility had emerged that Dunblane could disappear as an episcopal centre. Recovery and rebuilding

In the three or four years after his visit to the papacy, agreements were made with the various institutions who were drawing income from <mask>'s diocese – namely Coupar Angus Abbey, Lindores Abbey, Cambuskenneth Abbey, Arbroath Abbey, the nunnery of North Berwick and the Hospital of Brackley, Northamptonshire. These agreements did not constitute complete success. <mask> was able to recover some revenue, but in fixed payments liable to real decline by way of inflation. Moreover, he had to concede permanent canonries to several of the abbots, concessions which would give them a role in the election of his successors. Another partial set-back took place. Walter Comyn, Earl of Menteith, had decided to found a monastery in his earldom and take up the income of Menteith's churches to do it; the whole of Menteith constituted nearly half of the diocese.Despite the Pope's previously helpful behaviour towards <mask>'s cause, he granted the earl permission to


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts: found the new monastery. The earl established Inchmahome Priory in the Lake of Menteith in 1238. Walter and <mask> came to conflict over the new priory's rights, but in the same year an agreement was drawn up in a meeting of churchmen at Perth. The agreement placed most of Menteith's churches under the control of the earl; however, <mask> obtained several concessions, including the right to receive episcopal dues from the new priory. Overall, <mask>'s successes were considerable considering the opposition which he faced, but even after his death, only 12 of the 26 parish churches in the diocese were under the bishop's direct control. Although his successor Robert de Prebenda claimed that the income of the see was still inadequate, it was nevertheless enough for <mask> to begin building a new cathedral. This was despite the virtual hostility of the earl of Menteith and what Cynthia Neville has noted as the lack of interest by the earls of Strathearn, evidenced by their reluctance to bestow patronage on the bishopric.Neville's explanation for this is that "the bishops' ambition represented a challenge to their proprietary interests". It has been suggested that <mask> dismantled the small church building which had served Dunblane previously, before beginning work. The cathedral was constructed in the Gothic manner, beginning with the "Lady Chapel"; the Lady Chapel was used while the rest of the cathedral was being built. It is possible that the cathedral of Dunblane was completed during

masks: Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts:
 <mask>'s episcopate, and it is almost certain that most of it was. On the wider stage

<mask>'s position as Bishop of Dunblane provided the opportunity to participate on the larger national and international stage. In 1241, the Cistercian general chapter began postulating the Pope about the saintliness of Edmund of Abingdon, formerly Archbishop of Canterbury. In the following year, various clerics wrote pieces and compiled evidence supporting this Edmund's claim to sainthood.<mask> was one of these clerics. Edmund's saintliness was endorsed by Pope Innocent IV in 1246. <mask> took part in a similar campaign in 1249. He was part of the movement to canonise Queen Margaret, one of the ancestors of the contemporary Scottish kings. <mask> was appointed to investigate her saintliness, and in the following year Margaret too was canonised. Meanwhile, in 1247, Pope Innocent IV gave <mask> the more onerous and demanding appointment of papal tax collector. <mask> was charged with collecting one twentieth of all ecclesiastical revenues within the Kingdom of the Scots.The purpose was to finance a new crusade, and <mask>'s appointment was part of a money-raising initiative carried out throughout Western Christendom. Perhaps <mask>'s most significant activities were, however, in relation to the bishopric of Argyll. In 1241, Argyll's last bishop, William, had been drowned while at sea. Argyll was the poorest bishopric in Scotland, and the area lacked strong royal authority, and hence good royal

masks: Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts: protection. In the following six years, no one had taken up the vacant bishopric. From at least 1247, then, <mask> was given charge of the diocese. He was essentially being asked to do for Argyll what he had previously done for Strathearn.The sources are quite thin on this ground, but by 1249 he had brought at least one more church into the control of the bishopric. On 23 December 1248, he was also authorised by the Pope to appoint, with the agreement of the Bishop of Glasgow, a new bishop for Argyll. In January 1249, <mask> was given permission to move the cathedral of Argyll, based on Lismore, to the mainland. <mask>'s problem seems to have been with the ruler of Argyll, Eóghan. The lack of royal authority in Argyll made it difficult for the national and international church to exercise control in the province; at the same time, establishing a strong bishopric in the area was vital to integrating the area fully into the kingdom, an aim cherished by the contemporary king, Alexander II. Thus Alexander's goal and <mask>'s goal were essentially one and the same. It is impossible to be more specific, but in 1249, King Alexander II launched an expedition against Eóghan.The king was attempting to force Eóghan, whose lands lay within both the overlordship of the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of Norway, to renounce his allegiance to the King of Norway. Eóghan told Alexander that he was unable to do this. The contemporary historian Matthew Paris wrote that: The king therefore declared


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts: Eóghan unfaithful and pursued him hostilely by ship near Argyll; urged, as is said, by the vehement promptings of a certain indiscreet bishop of Strathearn, a friar to wit of the order of the Preachers. This "indiscreet bishop  ... friar" was, of course, <mask>. Alexander died from ill-health on this expedition, with <mask> by his side at his deathbed. Alexander's last act was to make a grant to the bishopric of Argyll. Despite the king's death, the expedition was a success for <mask>.There was a new Bishop of Argyll by 27 September 1250; in the longer term, the see continued to be ruled by bishops with no long vacancies until the Reformation. Moreover, by 1255 Eóghan had given his full allegiance to the Scottish crown, albeit because of lack of favour given to him by the King of Norway. <mask>'s close association with the late King Alexander II and his reputation as a successful bishop made him a key political figure during the minority of Alexander III. <mask> was on the Council of Guardians, the small group of nobles and clerics who were to "govern" Scotland until the end of Alexander III's boyhood. The governing Council broke down around two rival factions, one centred on Walter Comyn and the other around Alan Durward. There is little evidence about <mask>'s activities in regard to the Council, but he was associated with the Comyn faction, who enjoyed the ascendency after Walter gained control of government in 1251. In 1255, the Durwards staged a coup at Roxburgh and ousted the

masks: Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts:
 "Comyn faction" from effective power.Unfortunately for Alan Durward, Comyn's supporter Gamelin, who had been placed in the bishopric of St Andrews and excluded from his diocese by Durward, had fled to the papal court and convinced the Pope to excommunicate Alan. The sentence was delivered by Bishop <mask> and the abbots of Melrose and Jedburgh. This is <mask>'s last known act. Death and legacy

The Chronicle of Melrose reports <mask>'s death under the year 1258. <mask>'s legacy was to be remembered as the restorer of the diocese of Dunblane and the builder of its cathedral. Thus for future generations, <mask> became the father-figure of the see. <mask> was later commemorated as a saint, though there is no record of formal canonisation.He was commemorated on 19 March, meaning that was almost certainly believed to have been the date of his death. <mask>'s death was also noted by Walter Bower, a Lowland Scottish historian writing in the 1440s, who included the following obituary: <mask> bishop of Dunblane died, that outstanding member of the Order of Preachers, a man most eloquent in translating various tongues, powerful in speech and action in the sight of God and of men. He found the cathedral church of his diocese reduced by the neglect of his predecessors to such a state of decay that the divine offices were celebrated in it scarcely three times a week, as if it were some rural chapel. He built it up to be a hallowed sanctuary, enriched it with lands and possessions, and increased its

masks: Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement Clement


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts: prestige by adding prebends and canonries. Such flattering sentiments had even been expressed during <mask>'s lifetime. In 1250, the General Chapter of the Dominican Order met in London, and decreed that: we grant to Friar <mask> of our Order, a bishop of Scotland, after his death, one mass throughout the Order by every friar whomsoever is a priest. <mask> was credited with being a prolific translator and writing four books (including a hagiography of St Dominic), all of which are now lost; a sermon almost certainly written by him survives.Some historians have been ambiguous about <mask>'s episcopate. For instance, Cynthia Neville, despite acknowledging that "the successful reform of the see was, in fact, accomplished almost exclusively as a consequence of the efforts of <mask> and his successors", nevertheless expresses some scepticism about his achievements and notices his failure to gain the patronage of the native rulers of Strathearn. Others have been more enthusiastic. The ecclesiastical historian and former minister of Dunblane Cathedral, James Hutchison Cockburn, agreed with Bower's eulogy and declared that the "title" of sainthood "would have been worthily bestowed". Archie Duncan, more recently, stated that <mask> "clearly enjoyed a reputation far wider than his domestic accomplishments alone would explain" and concluded that <mask> "represents the occasional triumph of the ideal of reform of church life over the careerism which generally motivated thirteenth-century clergy".


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts:
 Notes

References

 Anderson, Alan Orr, Early Sources of Scottish History: AD 500–1286, 2 Vols, (Edinburgh, 1922), vol. ii
 Anderson, Alan Orr, Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers: AD 500–1286, (London, 1908), republished, Marjorie Anderson (ed.)(Stamford, 1991)
 Barber, Malcolm, The Two Cities: Medieval Europe, 1050–1320, (London, 1992)
 Barrow, G. W. S., "French after the Style of Petithachengon", in Barbara Crawford (ed. ), Church, Chronicle and Learning in Medieval and Early Renaissance Scotland, (Edinburgh, 1999),  pp. 187–93
 Barrow, G. W. S., Kingship and Unity: Scotland, 1000–1306, (Edinburgh, 1981)
 Barrow, G. W. S., "Margaret [St Margaret] (d. 1093)", in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 , accessed 30 Nov 2006
 Bartlett, Robert, The Making of Europe, Conquest, Colonization and Cultural Change: 950–1350, (London, 1993)
 Brydall, Robert, "Monumental Effigies of Scotland, from the Thirteenth Century to the Fifteenth Century", in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 29 (1894–95), pp. 329–410
 Cockburn, James Hutchison, "Friar <mask>, OP", in The Society of Friends of Dunblane Cathedral, 7 (1956), pp. 86–93
 Cockburn, James Hutchison, The Medieval Bishops of Dunblane and Their Church, (Edinburgh, 1959)
 Corner, David J., Scott, A. B., Scott, William W. & Watt, D. E. R., (eds. ), Scotichronicon by Walter Bower in English and Latin, vol.4, (Aberdeen, 1994)
 Cowan, Ian B. & Easson, David E., Medieval Religious Houses:


title: Clement of Dunblane

texts:
 Scotland With an Appendix on the Houses in the Isle of Man, Second Edition, (London, 1976)
 Donaldson, G., "Scottish Bishops' See before the Reign of David I", in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 87 (1952–53), pp. 106–77
 Dowden, John, The Bishops of Scotland, ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
 Duncan, A. A. M., "<mask> (d. 1258)", in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 , accessed 30 Nov 2006
 Hammond, Matthew H., "The Durward Family in the Thirteenth Century", in The Exercise of Power in Medieval Scotland, c. 1200–1500, (Dublin, 2003), pp. 118–38
 Lawrence, C. H., "Edmund of Abingdon [St Edmund of Abingdon, Edmund Rich] (c.1174–1240)", in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2005 , accessed 30 Nov 2006
 Lindsay, William Alexander, Dowden, John, and Thomson, John Maitland, (eds. ), Charters, Bulls and Other Documents relating to the Abbey of Inchaffray Chiefly from the Originals in the Charter Chest of the Earl of Kinnoull, (Publications of the Scottish History Society, vol.56, 1908)
 Neville, Cynthia J., Native Lordship in Medieval Scotland: The Earldoms of Strathearn and Lennox, c. 1140–1365, (Dublin, 2005). Owen, D. D. R., The Reign of William the Lion: Kingship and Culture, 1143–1214, (East Linton, 1997)
 Short, Ian, "Tam Angli Quam Franci: Self-Definition in Anglo-Norman England", in Anglo-Norman Studies, XVIII (Proceedings of the Battle Conference, 1995),


title: Alexander Riddoch

texts:
<mask> DL (1745–1822) was a Scottish merchant who served an outstanding eight non-consecutive terms  as Provost of Dundee. His nicknames included the "Old Hawk". "The Gudeman of Blacklunans" and "Archdeacon of the Self-Elected". In his role in Dundee he failed in his hope to create a neo-classical town in the manner of Edinburgh but nevertheless did much to change its cityscape and history. Life

He was born at Cultybraggan Farm just south of Comrie and west of Crieff in Perthshire on 1 September 1745, the son of <mask> and his wife Isobel Dow. From 1776 he was a merchant in Dundee trading in linen, spirits and oatmeal, and also expensive imported goods such as tea and tobacco. Wealthy, he loaned the town council £300 in 1778 (this was normal in those days).He was a popular and intelligent man not only joined the Town Council in September 1776 but was also asked to immediately serve as Treasurer. Projects were sometimes personally funded by the Treasurer at this time. These included rebuilding "The Singing Pier" and the South Pier and paving the roads leading to these. In 1788 he was elected Provost in succession to John Pitcairn. Dundee operated a plan which held elections for local officials every two years, but did not allow a provost to serve two consecutive terms. Riddoch served an unequalled total of eight terms as Provost, ending in 1818, and was undoubtedly one of Dundee's most popular and noteworthy politicians. In his first term as Provost in 1789 he organised a new pier to accommodate the larger vessels being used in sea trade.In this same year he received a petition from the Dundee Reform Committee led by Patrick Stirling and Ebenezer Anderson. In 1790 he commissioned the town architect Samuel Bell to create Nethergate House, a fine villa in central Dundee. In Dundee

masks:
Alexander Riddoch
John Riddoch


title: Alexander Riddoch

texts: he had a close relationship with George Dempster MP from whom it is said he acquired a rather cavalier attitude to finances and sadly was latterly accused of taking financial advantage of his position, despite clear evidence that he was more than happy to support the town with his own monies. Together with Dempster he founded the Dundee Commercial Banking Company in 1792. Riddoch's term of control covered what might be considered as Dundee's heyday. Projects included the building of Dundee Infirmary and major expansion of Dundee docks. Castle Street, Tay Street and Crichton Street were built and the Nethergait was widened.In 1793 the first flax mills appeared in Dundee (in Guthrie Street and Chapelshade) and Dundee's prosperity began to rocket. From at least 1793 he invested in production of sailcloth, partnered with Thomas Webster of Hawkhill and <mask> (in rivalry to Mr Graham of Fintry). This specifically linked to the Royal Navy's wave of shipbuilding linked to the Napoleonic Wars. <mask>, Webster and Strachan also jointly invested in rope-making and the whaling industry. He was partner in Thomas and Riddoch, a "twist mill" (thread mill) in the Murraygait. He also had major shares in the Wemyss mill on Seagait. He shared a timber yard with Baillie Peddie near the Castle Hill.He had a major share in the glassworks at Carolina Port. On 16 November 1792 he was involved in a local riot where the rioters planted a "Tree of Liberty" in the High Street and obliged him (as provost) to dance around it three times reciting their dictated words: Liberty and Equality Forever". In 1796 he bought the Blacklunans estate and, in the Scottish tradition, was thereafter addressed by the title "Blacklunans". Blacklunans lies between Blairgowrie and Braemar. Improvements to the harbour of 1804

masks:
Alexander Strachan
Riddoch


title: Alexander Riddoch

texts: (sanctioned by Riddoch in his Council role) led to great criticism that Peddie and Riddoch's timber yard was hugely increased in value. It was this action which, rightly or wrongly, brought about his public criticism. This criticism was worsened by a two-penny tax on ale in the town to pay for the improvements.The council's expenditure on street improvements were causing considerable debt. The project was relaunched in 1810 as the Dundee Harbour Bill but was heavily opposed and a government enquiry revealed that previous harbour dues had not been re-invested in the harbour as required. This partly reflected on <mask> as Provost but there was more evidence that his cronies had misappropriated the funds. In the early 19th century he came into political conflict with the local radicals, George Kinloch and Robert Rintoul. The latter became editor of the Dundee Weekly Advertiser in 1808. These radicals further divided the views of the city and accused Riddoch of not sufficiently improving the harbour to meet contemporary needs. Meanwhile, the town improvements were becoming costly.The widening of the Nethergate met opposition amongst the wealthier owners who asked for the Sheriff to mitigate the poor sums offered by the council. The house of <mask>, a wealthy tobacconist, ruled in Garland's favour and resulted in a large bill to the council. Consequently, in 1811 a resolution was made to accurately revalue all heritable property in Dundee. In 1814, as a major step towards a new harbour, with the commissioning of Robert Stevenson to undertake a full survey of the existing docks. The plans for a new dock continued to be opposed, not for reason of the principle, but for the proposed raising of harbour dues, and local merchants made an alternate plan which was to be run by a Harbour

masks:
Riddoch
Alexander Garland


title: Alexander Riddoch

texts:
 Trust rather than the Town Council. After some argument Thomas Telford was appointed to execute the works in preference to Stevenson, who was thought to favour using land owned by Riddoch. However, whether persuaded by Riddoch or not, Telford concluded that a new dock was not needed.Nevertheless, the Dundee Harbour Act was eventually passed in 1815. <mask> stepped down as Provost (permanently) in 1819, aged 74, somewhat worn down by the tribulations of his later years in office and absence of public appreciation for his efforts. His final act involved a summons to London to explain his part in the alleged corruption of the Scottish burghs, a trip he made with his erstwhile rivals, Robert Rintoul and James Saunders. He died in his house on the Nethergate on 9 December 1822 aged 78 and is buried in The Howff burial ground in central Dundee. At the time of his death he was owed £2000 by the city and various city individuals. He left £13000 in his will (the equivalent of over £1.6 million) making him the richest man in Dundee of his age. The desired improvements of Dundee Docks were eventually undertaken in 1832 by James Leslie.Family

In 1768 he married Margaret Scott at Lethendy church, just north of Perth. They initially lived in Scone, Perthshire. His first child was not born until 1776. In 1799 (aged 54) he married Ann Morison, daughter of a local merchant. Ann was still living at Nethergate in 1830. Nethergate House

Riddoch's house was converted into a branch of the Clydesdale Bank. This closed in 2017 and in 2019 was planned to open as a restaurant.Nethergate House is a category A listed building. The building stands on the south side of the Nethergate immediately west of Dundee Contemporary Arts Centre. References

1745 births
1822 deaths
People from Dundee
Scottish


title: Lia (singer)

texts:
<mask> (born December 20; also stylized in all caps as LIA) is a Japanese singer-songwriter. <mask> recorded "Tori no Uta" for Key's 2000 visual novel Air, which was reused in its 2005 anime adaptation and became influential in popular culture. She additionally recorded two other tracks for the visual novel, which were commercially successful. <mask> has continued to work with Key by performing songs for their 2004 visual novel Clannad and its 2008 anime adaptation, Clannad After Story, the 2005 adult visual novel Tomoyo After: It's a Wonderful Life, as well as the opening themes for Key's original anime series Angel Beats! in 2010 and Charlotte in 2015. Her other songs used in anime include RF Online and Initial D Fourth Stage. In 2012, the Vocaloid software IA was released, which sampled <mask>'s voice and earned a large fanbase.Career
<mask> graduated from the Berklee College of Music. Afterwards, she lived in Los Angeles and recorded demo tapes with the help of a friend. Originally asked to help translate between the recording staff and the studio, Visual Arts asked <mask> if she could fill in for an absent vocalist. <mask> recorded her first song "Tori no Uta" at Paramount Studio. <mask> was a member of Japanese techno/trance music production group I've Sound from 2001 to 2003, where she performed "Disintegration" in the Disintegration compilation album. She signed with Key Sounds Label in 2001, and Pony Canyon in 2004. <mask> produced four albums in the

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title: Lia (singer)

texts:
 happy hardcore genre; these albums have her name in all capital letters.<mask> performed the opening and ending themes of two of Key's visual novels—Air and Tomoyo After: It's a Wonderful Life—as well as the opening themes for Key's two original anime series—Angel Beats! and Charlotte. She performed the theme song for the MMORPG RF Online entitled "The Force of Love". <mask> has also performed some Eurobeat songs for the anime series Initial D Fourth Stage entitled "All Around" and "Sky High" under the Avex Trax label. To celebrate her 20th anniversary as an artist, she released a compilation album titled <mask> 20th Best on November 25, 2020. Personal life
<mask> is fluent in English and Japanese. On July 1, 2009, <mask> announced on her blog that she was married and pregnant.She gave birth to a daughter on January 31, 2010. She has been living in Hong Kong since  2014. Discography

Singles
"Natsukage / Nostalgia" (December 24, 2001)
"Shift: Sedai no Mukō" (December 29, 2001)
"I'm Feeling" (July 1, 2003) – Analog single
"Birthday Song, Requiem" (June 25, 2004)
"Spica/Hanabi/Moon" (June 25, 2004)
"Kimi no Yoin: Tōi no Sora no Shita de" (March 24, 2005)
"Tori no Uta / Farewell Song" (May 23, 2006) – Analog single
Opening/ending themes of Air
"Pride: Try to Fight!" (June 21, 2006)
The title song was used as an ending theme of Crash B-Daman
"Over the Future" (November 22, 2006)
"Over the Future" was used as an ending theme of Crash B-Daman
"Doll / Human"

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title: Lia (singer)

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 (January 30, 2008) – Single with Aoi Tada #54 on Oricon
"Doll" and "Human" were used as ending themes for Gunslinger Girl -Il Teatrino-
"Toki o Kizamu Uta / Torch" (November 14, 2008) #13 on Oricon
Opening/ending themes of the Clannad After Story anime series
"My Soul, Your Beats! / Brave Song" (May 26, 2010) – Single with Aoi Tada #3 on Oricon
Performed "My Soul, Your Beats! ", which was used as the opening theme to the Angel Beats! anime series
"Ashita Tenki ni Naare" (July 21, 2010)
Title song was used as the first ending theme for Daimajin Kanon and "Aruite Kaerō" was used for the second ending theme
"Kizunairo" (October 27, 2010) #6 on Oricon
Opening theme for the Fortune Arterial anime series
"Justitia"
Opening theme for the Wizard Barristers anime series
"Daze / Days" (June 18, 2014)
Performed "Days", which was used as the ending theme for the Mekakucity Actors anime series
"Heartily Song" (April 1, 2015)
Opening theme for the Angel Beats!Ecstasy insert song)
"Tazunebito" (Hoshiuta opening theme)
"Hoshikuzu no Kizuna" (Hoshiuta: Starlight Serenade opening theme)
"Mado Kara Mieru" (Calling All Dawns)
"Asu ni Mukatte, Get Dream!" (Crash B-Daman first ending theme)
"I scream Chocolatl" (Team Nekokan feat. <mask>, Kokoro Connect fourth ending theme)

References

External links

Anime musicians
Avex Group artists
Living people
New-age musicians
Singers from Tokyo
21st-century Japanese singers
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Japanese


title: George Sand

texts:
Amantine Lucile Aurore Dupin (; 1 July 1804 – 8 June 1876), best known by her pen name <mask> (), was a French novelist, memoirist, and journalist. One of the most popular writers in Europe in her lifetime, being more renowned than both Victor Hugo and Honoré de Balzac in England in the 1830s and 1840s, <mask> is recognised as one of the most notable writers of the European Romantic era. Personal life
<mask> – known to her friends and family as "Aurore" – was born in Paris and was raised for much of her childhood by her grandmother Marie-Aurore de Saxe, Madame Dupin de Francueil, at her grandmother's house in the village of Nohant, in the French province of Berry. <mask> inherited the house in 1821 when her grandmother died; she used the setting in many of her novels. Her father, Maurice Dupin, was the grandson of the Marshal General of France, Maurice, Comte de Saxe, an out-of-wedlock son of Augustus II the Strong, king of Poland and elector of Saxony, and a cousin to the sixth degree to Kings Louis XVI, Louis XVIII and Charles X of France. She was also more distantly related to King Louis Philippe of France through common ancestors from German and Danish ruling families. <mask>'s mother, Sophie-Victoire Delaborde, was a commoner.Gender expression

<mask> was one of many notable 19th-century women who chose to wear male attire in public. In 1800, the police issued an order requiring women to apply for a permit in order to wear male clothing. Some women applied for health, occupational, or recreational reasons (e.g., horse riding), but many women chose to wear pants and

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 other traditional male attire in public without receiving a permit. They did so as well for practical reasons, but also at times to subvert dominant stereotypes. <mask> was one of the women who wore men's clothing without a permit, justifying it as being less expensive and far sturdier than the typical dress of a noblewoman at the time. In addition to being comfortable, <mask>'s male attire enabled her to circulate more freely in Paris than most of her female contemporaries and gave her increased access to venues from which women were often barred, even women of her social standing. Also scandalous was <mask>'s smoking tobacco in public; neither peerage nor gentry had yet sanctioned the free indulgence of women in such a habit, especially in public (though Franz Liszt's paramour Marie d'Agoult affected this as well, smoking large cigars).While there were many contemporary critics of her comportment, many people accepted her behaviour until they became shocked with the subversive tone of her novels. Those who found her writing admirable were not bothered by her ambiguous or rebellious public behaviour. Victor Hugo commented, "<mask> cannot determine whether she is male or female. I entertain a high regard for all my colleagues, but it is not my place to decide whether she is my sister or my brother." Notable relationships

In 1822, at the age of eighteen, <mask> married (François) Casimir Dudevant, an out-of-wedlock son of Baron Jean-François Dudevant. She and Dudevant had two children: Maurice and Solange (1828–1899). In 1825, she had an intense but perhaps platonic

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 affair with the young lawyer Aurélien de Sèze.In early 1831, she left her husband and entered upon a four- or five-year period of "romantic rebellion". In 1835, she was legally separated from Dudevant and took custody of their children. <mask> had romantic affairs with the novelist <mask> (1831), the writer Prosper Mérimée, the dramatist Alfred de Musset (summer 1833 – March 1835), Louis-Chrysostome Michel, the actor Pierre-François Bocage, the writer Charles Didier, the novelist Félicien Mallefille, the politician Louis Blanc, and the composer Frédéric Chopin (1837–1847). Later in her life, she corresponded with Gustave Flaubert, and despite their differences in temperament and aesthetic preference, they eventually became close friends. She engaged in an intimate romantic relationship with actress Marie Dorval. Relationship with Chopin
<mask> spent the winter of 1838–1839 with Chopin in Mallorca at the (formerly abandoned) Carthusian monastery of Valldemossa. The trip to Mallorca was described in her Un hiver à Majorque (A Winter in Majorca), first published in 1841.Chopin was already ill with incipient tuberculosis at the beginning of their relationship, and spending a cold and wet winter in Mallorca where they could not get proper lodgings exacerbated his symptoms. <mask> and Chopin also spent many long summers at <mask>'s country manor in Nohant from 1839 to 1846, skipping only 1840. There, Chopin wrote many of his most famous works, including the Fantaisie in F minor, Op. 49, Piano Sonata No. 3, Op. 58, and the Ballade No. 3 Op.47. In her novel Lucrezia Floriani,

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 <mask> used Chopin as a model for a sickly Eastern European prince named Karol. He is cared for by a middle-aged actress past her prime, Lucrezia, who suffers a great deal through her affection for Karol. Though <mask> claimed not to have made a cartoon out of Chopin, the book's publication and widespread readership may have exacerbated their later antipathy towards each other. After Chopin's death, <mask> burned much of their correspondence, leaving only four surviving letters between the two. Three of the letters were published in the "Classiques Garnier" series in 1968. Another breach was caused by Chopin's attitude toward <mask>'s daughter, Solange.Chopin continued to be cordial to Solange after Solange and her husband Auguste Clésinger had a falling out with <mask> over money. <mask> took Chopin's support of Solange to be extremely disloyal, and confirmation that Chopin had always "loved" Solange. <mask>'s son Maurice also disliked Chopin. Maurice wanted to establish himself as the "man of the estate" and did not wish to have Chopin as a rival. Maurice removed two sentences from a letter <mask> wrote to Chopin when he published it because he felt that <mask> was too affectionate toward Chopin and Solange. They separated two years before his death for a variety of reasons. Chopin was never asked back to Nohant; in 1848, he returned to Paris from a tour of the United Kingdom, to die at the Place Vendôme in 1849.<mask> was notably absent from his funeral. Death
<mask> died at Nohant, near Châteauroux, in France's Indre département on 8 June 1876, at the age of 71. She

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 was buried in the private graveyard behind the chapel at Nohant-Vic. In 2003, plans that her remains be moved to the Panthéon in Paris resulted in controversy. Career and politics

<mask>'s first literary efforts were collaborations with the writer <mask>. They published several stories together, signing them <mask>. <mask>'s first published novel Rose et Blanche (1831) was written in collaboration with <mask>.She subsequently adopted, for her first independent novel, Indiana (1832), the pen name that made her famous – <mask>. <mask> was the most popular writer (of any gender) in Europe by the age of 27, more popular than both Victor Hugo and Honoré de Balzac in England in the 1830s and 1840s, and she remained immensely popular as a writer throughout her lifetime and long after her death. Early in her career, her work was in high demand; by 1836, the first of several compendia of her writings was published in 24 volumes. In total, four separate editions of her "Complete Works" were published during her lifetime. In 1880, her children sold the rights to her literary estate for 125,000 Francs (equivalent to 36 kg worth of gold, or 1.3 million dollars in 2015 USD). Drawing from her childhood experiences of the countryside, <mask> wrote the pastoral novels La Mare au Diable (1846), François le Champi (1847–1848), La Petite Fadette (1849), and Les Beaux Messieurs de Bois-Doré (1857). A Winter in Majorca described the period that she and Chopin spent on that island from 1838 to 1839.Her other novels include Indiana (1832), Lélia (1833), Mauprat (1837), Le Compagnon du Tour de

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 France (1840), Consuelo (1842–1843), and Le Meunier d'Angibault (1845). Theatre pieces and autobiographical pieces include Histoire de ma vie (1855), Elle et Lui (1859, about her affair with Musset), Journal Intime (posthumously published in 1926), and Correspondence. <mask> often performed her theatrical works in her small private theatre at the Nohant estate. Political views
<mask> also wrote literary criticism and political texts. In her early life, she sided with the poor and working class as well as women's rights. When the 1848 Revolution began, she was an ardent republican. <mask> started her own newspaper, published in a workers' co-operative.Politically, she became very active after 1841 and the leaders of the day often consulted with her and took her advice. She was a member of the provisional government of 1848, issuing a series of fiery manifestos. While many Republicans were imprisoned or went to exile after Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's coup d’état of December 1851, she remained in France, maintained an ambiguous relationship with the new regime, and negotiated pardons and reduced sentences for her friends. <mask> was known for her implication and writings during the Paris Commune of 1871, where she took a position for the Versailles assembly against the "communards", urging them to take violent action against the "rebels". She was appalled by the violence of the Paris Commune, writing, "The horrible adventure continues. They ransom, they threaten, they arrest, they judge. They have taken over all the city halls, all the public establishments, they’re pillaging

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 the munitions and the food supplies."Criticism

<mask>'s writing was immensely popular during her lifetime and she was highly respected by the literary and cultural elite in France. Victor Hugo, in the eulogy he gave at her funeral, said "the lyre was within her." Eugène Delacroix was a close friend and respected her literary gifts. Flaubert, by no means an indulgent or forbearing critic, was an unabashed admirer. Honoré de Balzac, who knew <mask> personally, once said that if someone thought she wrote badly, it was because their own standards of criticism were inadequate. He also noted that her treatment of imagery in her works showed that her writing had an exceptional subtlety, having the ability to "virtually put the image in the word." Alfred de Vigny referred to her as "Sappho".Not all of her contemporaries admired her or her writing: poet Charles Baudelaire was one contemporary critic of <mask>: "She is stupid, heavy and garrulous. Her ideas on morals have the same depth of judgment and delicacy of feeling as those of janitresses and kept women ... The fact that there are men who could become enamoured of this slut is indeed a proof of the abasement of the men of this generation." Influences on literature

Fyodor Dostoevsky "read widely in the numerous novels of <mask>" and translated her La dernière Aldini in 1844, but "discovered to his dismay that the work had already appeared in Russian". In his mature period, he expressed an ambiguous attitude towards her. For instance, in his novella Notes from Underground, the narrator refers to sentiments he express as, "I

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 launch off at that point into European, inexplicably lofty subtleties a la <mask>"

The English poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806–61) wrote two poems: "To <mask>: A Desire" (1853) and "To <mask>: A Recognition". The American poet Walt Whitman cited <mask>'s novel Consuelo as a personal favorite, and the sequel to this novel, La Comtesse de Rudolstadt, contains at least a couple of passages that appear to have had a very direct influence on him.In addition to her influences on English and Russian literature, <mask>'s writing and political views informed numerous 19th century authors in Spain and Latin America, including Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, the Cuban-born writer who also published and lived in Spain. Critics have noted structural and thematic similarities between <mask>'s Indiana, published in 1832, and Gómez de Avellaneda's anti-slavery novel Sab, published in 1841. In the first episode of the "Overture" to Swann's Way—the first novel in Marcel Proust's In Search of Lost Time sequence—a young, distraught Marcel is calmed by his mother as she reads from François le Champi, a novel which (it is explained) was part of a gift from his grandmother, which also included La Mare au Diable, La Petite Fadette, and Les Maîtres Sonneurs. As with many episodes involving art in À la recherche du temps perdu, this reminiscence includes commentary on the work. <mask> is also referred to in Virginia Woolf's book-length essay A Room of One's Own along with <mask> and Charlotte Brontë as "all victims of inner strife as their writings prove, sought ineffectively to veil

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title: George Sand

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 themselves by using the name of a man." Frequent literary references to <mask> can be found in Possession (1990) by A. S. Byatt and in the play Voyage, the first part of Tom Stoppard's The Coast of Utopia trilogy (2002). <mask> makes an appearance in Isabel Allende's Zorro, going still by her given name, as a young girl in love with Diego de la Vega (Zorro).Chopin, <mask> and her children are the main characters of the theater play by Polish writer Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz "A Summer in Nohant", which premiered in 1930. The play, presenting the final stage of the writer-composer's relationship, was adapted five times by Polish Television: in 1963 (with Antonina Gordon-Górecka as <mask> and Gustaw Holoubek as Chopin), in 1972 (with Halina Mikołajska and Leszek Herdegen), in 1980 (with Anna Polony and Michał Pawlicki), in 1999 (with Joanna Szczepkowska, who portrayed Solange in the 1980 version and Piotr Skiba) and in 2021 (with Katarzyna Herman and Marek Kossakowski). In film
<mask> is portrayed by Merle Oberon in A Song to Remember, by Patricia Morison in Song Without End, by Rosemary Harris in Notorious Woman, by Judy Davis in James Lapine's 1991 British-American film Impromptu; and by Juliette Binoche in the 1999 French film Children of the Century (Les Enfants du siècle). Also in George Who? (French: <mask> qui? ), a 1973 French biographical film directed by Michèle Rosier and starring Anne Wiazemsky as <mask>, Alain Libolt and Denis Gunsbourg. In the 2002 Polish film Chopin: Desire for Love directed by Jerzy Antczak <mask> is portrayed by Danuta Stenka.Contributions by

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title: George Sand

texts:
 Diane de Margerie, Yves Gagneux, Françoise Heilbrun, Isabelle Leroy-Jay Lemaistre, Claude Samuel, Arlette Sérullaz, , Nicole Savy & Martine Reid.
 .
  (see "Writings by <mask>").
 . In French:

 . Further reading

 Harlan, Elizabeth (2004). <mask>. New Haven: Yale University Press. .
 Jordan, Ruth, <mask>: a biography, London, Constable, 1976, . Parks, Tim, "Devils v. Dummies" (review of <mask>, La Petite Fadette, translated by Gretchen van Slyke, Pennsylvania State, 2017, , 192 pp. ; and Martine Reid, <mask>, translated by Gretchen van Slyke, Pennsylvania State, 2019, , 280 pp.), London Review of Books, vol. 41, no. 10 (23 May 2019), pp. 31–32. The men that <mask> loved,' Reid observes, 'all had a certain physical resemblance... fragile, slight and a bit reserved.' Unthreatening, in short. Above all, they were younger than her.<mask>, Musset and then, for the nine years between 1838 and 1847, Chopin, were all six years her junior." (p. 32.)
 . Oscar Wilde dreams of <mask> and is invited to a soirée at Nohant. External links

 <mask> – a site in memory of the 200th anniversary of <mask>'s birth
 <mask>, her work in French free readable version
 <mask>, her work in audio version

1804 births
1876 deaths
19th-century French composers
19th-century French dramatists and playwrights
19th-century French novelists
19th-century French women writers
Frédéric Chopin
French women novelists
French socialists
Légion d'honneur refusals
People from Centre-Val de Loire
Pseudonymous women writers
Writers from Paris
19th-century letter writers
19th-century pseudonymous

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title: Alexey Rybnikov

texts:
<mask> (; born July 17, 1945) is a modern Russian composer. He is the author of music for Soviet and Russian musicals (rock operas) The Star and Death of Joaquin Murieta (, 1976) and  Juno and Avos (, 1981, shown more than 700 times), for numerous plays and operas, for more than 80 Russian movies. More than 10 million discs with his music have been sold to 1989. Biography
<mask> was born in Moscow on July 17, 1945. Having come into the world in a family of a violinist and an artist, he was surrounded by art and music from the first days of his life. <mask> composed one of his first works, "The Thief of Baghdad", being influenced by a very popular at those times trophy film under the same name. <mask> passed exams to the Central Music School at the Moscow Conservatory.The boy's father introduced his son to Aram Khachaturian, who proposed the boy to study in his class. After finishing the music school in 1962, <mask> entered the conservatory where his close contact with the teacher went on. Later <mask> did post-graduate studies under Khachaturian's supervision as well. In 1969 <mask> was admitted to the Union of Soviet Composers. After that, during several years <mask> was teaching at the chair of theoretical disciplines and assisted in the class of Khachaturian. But then <mask> left teaching. During the period of 1960 and 1970s <mask>'s creative work was marked by classical symphony traditions.He wrote camera music, concertos for the violin, for the string quartet and orchestra, for the bayan and orchestra of Russian Folk Instruments, "Russian overture" for the symphony orchestra, and many others. In 2005 <mask> <mask> celebrated his 60th Anniversary by a special concert conducted by Mark Gorenstein at Chaikovsky Concert Hall. Years 2005-2008 were marked by presentations of Children

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texts: Musicals composed by <mask> <mask> - "Little Red Riding Hood" and "Bu-ra-ti-no!" (the Russian fairy tale based upon the Pinocchio story) became the real events in the theater Moscow life not only for children but for their parents as well. <mask>'s music and starring of famous Russian artists as well as stage direction of Alexander Rikhlov made the shows so popular that at the summer season 2007 "Bu-ra-ti'no!" went on stage 120 times despite the theater "dead season". On February 29, 2009, a gorgeous first of scenes from <mask>'s Musical Drama "the Opera House" went on in the legendary fifth studio of Moscow Recording House performed by the orchestra "Molodaya Rossia" conducted by Mark Gorenstein.In 2009, after an invitation by Pierre Cardin for participation in Lacoste Festival, <mask> <mask> created the author version of the "Juno and Avos" rock-opera. The first was really remarkable on July 3, 2009. Since then the new version is performed at the best venues of Russia and abroad, at theaters, concert halls and festivals. In the autumn 2012, the theater of <mask> <mask> presented at the theater venue of Moscow Music Hall the special show including scenes from the most famous theater performances composed by <mask> and movie soundtracks. The first became the official presentation of the new work of Rybnokov's musical art - "Live Pictures of the time of Alexander I and Napoleon Bonapart based upon the novel "War and Peace" by the count Lev Tolstoy". In 2013 <mask> is planning to produce the whole show as well as the new version of the "Liturgy" and of "Joakine". The entire life of <mask> <mask> is associated with music.But music is not the only field of activity — he has been contributing to some public projects. He takes an active part in the sessions of the Board, promoting

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 cultural and social programs, has found his Theatre. <mask> is a President of the National Festival “The Musical Heart of the Theatre” and Russian Family Festival “Our Buratino”. Movie soundtracks

Since 1965 <mask> has already started composing movie music and become one of the most famous soviet composers creating music for movies. A short film “Lelka” by director Pavel Arsenov (1966) was his first experience. The composer's debut in the new genre appeared to be so successful, that invitations from film directors followed one after another

Since 1979 <mask> has been a member of the Union of Cinematographers. Working over the past four decades in cinematograph <mask> has written music for more than 100 films.Despite the huge total number of the movie works, some of them have become important milestones in <mask>'s creative work. Among them there are soundtracks to such movies as:
 The Treasure Island (1971) by director Eugene Fridman;
 A Great Space Voyage (1975) by director Valentin Selivanov;
 The Adventures of Buratino (1975) and “About the Little Red Riding Hood. The Continuation of the Old Fairy Tale” (1977)  by director Leonid Nechaev. After showing of the movie about Buratino, a musical album was released. No sooner had the records gone on sale as they were bought in a moment. A million of vinyl discs were sold out for just a year. Mustached Nanny (1977) by director Vladimir Grammatikov
 Per Aspera Ad Astra (film) (1981) by director Richard Viktorov
 You couldn’t dream of… (1981) by director Ilya Frez;
 The Very Same Munchhausen (1981) by Mark Zakharov;
 Chance (1984) by Aleksandr Mayorov;
 Hello, can you hear us?(1990) — is a picture by a Latvian director-documentalist Yuri Podnieks. It produced an effect of an exploded bomb with its straightness and the truth about the

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 modern world. The film won the Golden Lion at the festival in Venice in 1991;
 Children from the Abyss (2000) by director Pavel Chukhray. Star by director Nikolai Lebedev is the movie that brought to the composer all possible home awards for music in cinema and also the National Prize of the Russian Federation. Andersen by Eldar Ryazanov
 Rabbit Over the Abyss by Tigran Keosayan
 TV series The Case of the Dead Souls by Pavel Loungin
 Wolfhound (2006) by Lebedev
 1612 by Vladimir Khotinenko and others. Rock-operas

Rock-opera “The Star and Death of Joaquin Murieta” with the libretto by Pavel Grushko, telling a story about life, struggle, and death of the legendary Chilean hero became the composition that opened a new — theatrical era in <mask>'s life. “The Star” rose on Lenkom's stage in 1976.Its director was Mark Zakharov, who had offered this project to <mask>. On one hand, musical innovation, strength and conviction of the young composer, his subtle perception of alien melodic culture, and bringing the world of rock-music with its hard rhythms to the home drama (!) stage provoked a prolonged reject from censors (the performance had been banned 11 times for political reasons; finally it was released). On the other hand, it beat all the records of popularity and recognition at once. In 1977  “Melody” record company issued a double album of “The Star and Death” that won the 1st place in a hit parade of the best recordings. Opera-mystery “Avos” (1979), known to the general public as “Junon” and “Avos”, was his next work. It has united central, basic elements of <mask>'s musical mentality — Russian sacred music, national folklore, genres of mass “city” music and figurative, ideological, and aesthetic priorities of the musician — the idea of expiation of sins by the man, his misdeeds

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 and taking a responsibility, salvation in the God's Love and Remission, consciousness of the Divine Mercy and praising of the Most High.Originally, the musical sphere was closely connected with the texts from the Orthodox Prayer Book and Psalms. Later, the poem “Avos”, written by a Russian poet Andrey Voznesensky, as well as his lyrics, gave a vigorous emotional stimulus to a musician. Since then libretto of the opera has contained both the holy and secular sources. “Juno and Avos” in Lenkom (premiered in 1981) is different because it hasn't got quite the same plot. Like the previous performance “The Star and Death of Joaquin Murieta”, “Juno and Avos” by Zakharov was born to become a manifest. It is a proclamation of independent thoughts; it is an original understanding of western standards of rock-opera genre. Zakahrov's attempt to make the performance with less religious meaning, with more “rock” sound has been better both for the theatre and the play in its new version (not original, not <mask>'s one).Though, obviously, it's another dramatic piece, not the composer's. The accents have been shifted. In the centre there is no more a suffering man with his confusion, pain, search for himself, his soul; but a love story. <mask>'s third musical-scenic composition — “The Liturgy of the Heathens” was created during almost ten years. It includes lyrics and poems by Renaissance poets, by Russian writers and poets of the Silver Age, prophecy and afflatus about the approaching Doomsday. The opera was staged in a chamber hall of <mask> <mask>'s theatre in 1992. Orchestral works

 Fifth Symphony — “The Resurrection of the Dead”.It premiered in spring of 2005. <mask> creates a picture coming alive in imagination by vocal-symphony means. Successively it throws into desperation (the First part

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title: Alexey Rybnikov

texts:
 — Resurrection of the Dead, calling them for the Last Judgment), grief (the Second part — mourning over all the killed). In the Third part there is horror in front of the power of the Evil that has been aroused and defeated by the will of the Most High Judge. And the general feeling of the God’s might, thrill, and joy of a premonition of eternal life at the same time is in the Fourth part. Concerto grosso for soloists and chamber orchestra — “L’Oiseau bleu” and “The Northern Sphinx”, both recorded and performed by famous musicians. The first piece was written under the impression of the plays by Maeterlinck — “L’Oiseau Bleu” and “Les Fiancailles”, and became a musical embodiment of images, turned the classic drama of the beginning of the 20th century.And the second — “The Northern Sphinx” is dedicated to the personality of the Russian Emperor — Alexander the First. The historical context of the period of his rein — the beginning of the 19th century defined the musical style of composer's work. Theater performances and operas

The year 2013 is marked by the work on the stage version of the "Live Pictures of the time of Alexander I and Napoleon Bonapart" getting the new shorter name - modern opera "War and Peace". References

External links
Official website of <mask> <mask>
 Интервью Алексея Рыбникова сайту «Казань24»

1945 births
Living people
Musicians from Moscow
Russian composers
Russian male composers
Russian rock musicians
Russian film score composers
Soviet film score composers
Academicians of the National Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences of Russia
Recipients of the Order of Honour (Russia)
Recipients of the Nika Award
People's Artists of Russia
Male film score composers
20th-century Russian male musicians
Male musical theatre composers
21st-century Russian male

masks: Alexey Rybnikov


title: Tim Kazurinsky

texts:
<mask> (born March 3, 1950) is an American actor and screenwriter best known as a cast member and writer on Saturday Night Live and for his role as Carl Sweetchuck in the Police Academy films. Early life
<mask> was born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania. His father, who was American-born, was of Polish descent, and his mother was an Australian war bride. He spent most of his childhood in Australia, where he attended Birrong Boys High School. When he was 16, he moved to America by himself. He completed his education, graduating from Greater Johnstown High School in 1967. Kazurinsky worked as a reporter for the Johnstown Tribune-Democrat, then as a copywriter for a St. Louis, Missouri, department store.He moved to Chicago and began working for Leo Burnett Worldwide in its advertising department. Seeking to gain confidence presenting ad pitches, Kazurinsky enrolled in an improv class at The Second City, where he became a member of the mainstage troupe in 1978, refining his improvisation and acting chops under the tutelage of Del Close. Eventually, Kazurinsky caught the attention of Saturday Night Live luminary John Belushi who recommended him to the show's then-executive producer, Dick Ebersol. Ebersol was impressed with Kazurinsky and hired him as a writer and cast member in 1981. Saturday Night Live
During his three seasons on SNL, Kazurinsky was known for playing numerous characters as well as doing celebrity impersonations. Fellow cast members included Eddie Murphy, Joe Piscopo, Julia Louis-Dreyfus and Mary Gross. Kazurinsky was part of the show's 1984 writing team nominated for a

masks:
Timothy James Kazurinsky
Kazurinsky


title: Tim Kazurinsky

texts:
 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing in a Variety or Music Program.There were reports that he often clashed with Dick Ebersol regarding the show's creative direction. In 1984, <mask> left SNL along with Piscopo. Recurring characters on SNL
 Dr. Jack Badofsky, supposed science editor of Weekend Update, who presented absurd lists of humorous pun-based disease names. Jon Stewart referenced the character in a 2011 Daily Show segment lampooning Herman Cain. The character was again alluded to in a 2016 episode of The Simpsons when Mr. Burns exclaims, "Wordplay is for crosswords and Kazurinskys!" Mr. Landlord from "Mr. Robinson's Neighborhood" with Eddie Murphy
 Father <mask>, an Irish priest
 The Iguana, the male half of a hopelessly dorky couple who never revealed to his wife that he was a dangerous adventurer
 Havnagootiim Vishnuuerheer, (pronounced "Having a good time wish you were here") a Hindu "Enlightened Master" who cleared up "The Great Unanswered Questions of the Universe"
 Wayne Huevos, a suave Latin-American businessman who appeared on Weekend Update with ideas on how to clean up New York City
 Worthington Clotman, SNL's resident network censor, based on real-life network censor Bill Clotworthy, who would interrupt sketches and point out objectionable material
 Madge The Chimp's Husband in the recurring soap opera drama "I Married a Monkey"

Celebrity impressions on SNL
Mahatma Gandhi (in a movie trailer parody called "Gandhi and the Bandit")
Billie Jean King
Adolf Hitler
Ozzy Osbourne
Klaus Barbie
Gary Hart
Moe Howard
Douglas MacArthur
Deng Xiaoping
Franklin

masks:
Kazurinsky
Timothy Owens


title: Tim Kazurinsky

texts:
 Roosevelt
Henry Thomas (as his character Elliott from E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial)
Forrest Gregg

Additional work
Kazurinsky had a small part as a photographer in the 1980 Christopher Reeve/Jane Seymour film Somewhere in Time.At the insistence of his friend John Belushi, he played Pa Greavy in the 1981 Belushi/Aykroyd comedy Neighbors. Shortly after departing Saturday Night Live, <mask> co-wrote About Last Night... based on David Mamet's one act play, Sexual Perversity in Chicago. The film starred Rob Lowe, Demi Moore and Jim Belushi and was directed by Edward Zwick. A remake of About Last Night was released in 2014 starring comedian Kevin Hart. <mask> famously portrayed Officer Carl Sweetchuck in Police Academy 2, 3 and 4. In the 1990s, Kazurinsky guest starred in Married... with Children, Early Edition and Police Academy: The Series. In the 2000s, Kazurinsky wrote for and guest starred in comedy series such as Curb Your Enthusiasm, What About Joan?, Still Standing and According to Jim.In 2001, he wrote the screenplay for Strange Relations, a film starring Paul Reiser, George Wendt, Julie Walters, and Olympia Dukakis. The screenplay was nominated for a Writers Guild of America Award as well as a BAFTA. <mask> played a supporting role in the 2011 Zombie Army Productions film, The Moleman of Belmont Avenue, which also featured Robert Englund. As a stage actor, <mask> appeared as Felix in The Odd Couple (opposite George Wendt's Oscar), Wilbur Turnblad in Hairspray, and Peter Quince in William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream. <mask>'s work in Chicago theatre has been

masks: Kazurinsky Kazurinsky Kazurinsky Kazurinsky Kazurinsky


title: Tim Kazurinsky

texts:
 recognized by two Joseph Jefferson Award nominations. In February 2014, Kazurinsky joined the first National Tour of the hit musical Wicked in the role of The Wizard, replacing John Davidson. Kazurinsky finished his run on in March 2015 when the First National Tour closed.In May 2015, <mask> made his Broadway debut alongside Jim Parsons and Christopher Fitzgerald in a limited run of David Javerbaum's new comedy, An Act Of God, directed by Joe Mantello between May and August 2015 at Studio 54. <mask> and George Wendt reunited during fall of 2015 in the world premiere of Bruce Graham's comedy, Funnyman at Chicago's Northlight Theatre. The production was directed by BJ Jones. In December 2016, <mask> appeared as Frosch the jailer in  Music Theatre Works' production of Johann Strauss II' operetta Die Fledermaus. <mask> was one of a few people to film Prince's now-legendary impromptu performance of Let's Go Crazy at the SNL40 after party in February 2015. The video went viral following Prince's death in 2016 and was shared by numerous media outlets. In 2017, <mask> played the recurring role of Judge Emerson on NBC's Chicago Justice, and appeared as <mask> in Netflix's original series, Easy.Personal life
<mask> lives outside Chicago with his wife, Broadway actress Marcia Watkins (On Your Toes, A Chorus Line). <mask> has a daughter, Zoe, and a son, Pete. Additional filmography

 My Bodyguard (1980) - Workman
 Somewhere in Time (1980) - Photographer, in 1912
 Continental Divide (1981) - Reporter
 Neighbors (1981) - Pa Greavy
 Billions for Boris (1984) - Bart
 This Wife for Hire (1985) -

masks:
Kazurinsky
Kazurinsky
Kazurinsky
Kazurinsky
Kazurinsky
Father Timothy
Kazurinsky
Kazurinsky


title: Earl Clark

texts:
<mask> (born January 17, 1988) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Gran Canaria of the Liga ACB. He played college basketball for the University of Louisville and was drafted 14th overall by the Phoenix Suns in the 2009 NBA draft. High school career
<mask> grew up in Plainfield, New Jersey and attended Rahway High School in Rahway, New Jersey. There, he scored 1,245 career points. As a senior, he averaged 25.2 points, 13.2 rebounds and 5 assists per game. He was a 2006 McDonald's All-American, as well as a fourth-team Parade All-American. Considered a five-star recruit by Rivals.com, <mask> was listed as the No.8 small forward and the No. 22 player in the nation in 2006. College career
As a freshman for the Louisville Cardinals, along with Derrick Caracter, Edgar Sosa, and Jerry Smith, the young group struggled early in the 2006–07 season. The team went on to win 8 out of its last 10 games, earning a bid to the NCAA Tournament. In the first game of the 2007 NCAA Tournament, he scored 12 points, 4 rebounds and 4 steals against Stanford. <mask> decided not to put his name in the 2008 NBA Draft and to return to the University of Louisville for the 2008–2009 season. In the 2008–2009 season, <mask>, along with future NBA player Terrence Williams, led Louisville to the Big East Title, as well as a #1 ranking, the first ever in the University of Louisville's history.Professional career

Phoenix Suns (2009–2010)
Early in his junior season, <mask> announced that he would forgo his senior season to enter the 2009 NBA draft. On April 4, 2009, agent Dan Fegan told ESPN that he had signed <mask> as a client shortly after the end of Louisville's 2008–09 season, which under NCAA rules ended <mask>'s college eligibility. <mask> was drafted 14th overall by the

masks:
Earl Rashad Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark


title: Earl Clark

texts:
 Phoenix Suns in the 2009 NBA draft. He made his first career three pointer on January 28, 2010. <mask> was sent to the Iowa Energy of the NBA Development League on March 15, 2010, after only averaging 2.7 points, 1.1 rebounds, and 7.6 minutes in 45 games. Orlando Magic (2010–2012)

On December 18, 2010, <mask> was traded to the Orlando Magic along with Jason Richardson and Hedo Türkoğlu for Vince Carter, Marcin Gortat, Mickaël Piétrus, a 2011 first-round draft pick and $3 million cash. On April 16, 2012, he recorded his first double-double with 14 points and 11 rebounds.In August 2011 during the 2011 NBA lockout, <mask> signed a one-year contract with Zhejiang Lions in China. However, the next month, he asked to leave the team for family reasons after not appearing in a game for the club. He re-signed with Orlando in December. Los Angeles Lakers (2012–2013)

On August 10, 2012, <mask> was traded to the Los Angeles Lakers as part of a four-team trade that sent Dwight Howard to the Lakers. The Denver Nuggets acquired Andre Iguodala, the Philadelphia 76ers received Andrew Bynum and Jason Richardson, and the Orlando Magic got Arron Afflalo, Al Harrington, Nikola Vučević, Maurice Harkless, Josh McRoberts, Christian Eyenga, and one protected future first-round pick from each of the other three teams. The Lakers also acquired Chris Duhon from the Magic in the trade. On January 9, 2013, <mask> had a breakthrough night, playing 27 minutes and setting personal bests with 22 points and 13 rebounds against the San Antonio Spurs.He had been playing sparingly, but he received extended playing time after injuries to Lakers big men Dwight Howard, Pau Gasol, and Jordan Hill. Coach Mike D'Antoni called <mask>'s performance "phenomenal"; it was only the second double-double of <mask>'s career.

masks: Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark


title: Earl Clark

texts:
 <mask> had three double-doubles over six games, and he was named a permanent starter even after Gasol returned. After three years of limited opportunities, <mask> was averaging nearly 30 minutes a game. However, he appeared tired by March, and D'Antoni replaced <mask> with Gasol in the starting lineup. Cleveland Cavaliers (2013–2014)
On July 12, 2013, <mask> signed with the Cleveland Cavaliers. On February 20, 2014, <mask> was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers along with Henry Sims and two future second-round picks in exchange for Spencer Hawes.He was waived by the 76ers the next day. New York Knicks (2014)
On February 27, 2014, <mask> signed a 10-day contract with the New York Knicks. On March 10, 2014, he signed a second 10-day contract with the Knicks. On March 20, 2014, the Knicks did not offer him a rest of season contract. Rio Grande Valley Vipers (2014)
On September 25, 2014, <mask> signed with the Memphis Grizzlies. However, he was later waived by the Grizzlies on October 22, 2014. He was then claimed off waivers by the Houston Rockets on October 24, only to be waived again three days later.On October 31, 2014, <mask> was acquired by the Iowa Energy of the NBA Development League as an affiliate player of the Memphis Grizzlies. However, he was traded to the Rio Grande Valley Vipers the next day. Shandong Golden Stars (2014–2015)
On December 10, 2014, <mask> signed with the Shandong Golden Stars of the Chinese Basketball Association after reaching a buyout with the Rio Grande Valley Vipers. In 19 games for Shandong, he averaged 26.7 points and 10.3 rebounds per game. Brooklyn Nets (2015)
On March 27, 2015, <mask> signed a 10-day contract with the Brooklyn Nets. On April 6, 2015, he signed a multi-year deal with the Nets. On August 10, 2015, he was waived by the

masks: Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark


title: Earl Clark

texts:
 Nets.Bakersfield Jam (2015–2016)
On October 30, 2015, <mask> was acquired by the Bakersfield Jam of the NBA Development League. Delaware 87ers (2016)
On January 16, 2016, <mask> was traded to the Delaware 87ers in exchange for a 2016 second round pick. Three days later, he made his debut for the 87ers in a 127–112 loss to the Westchester Knicks, recording four points, four rebounds, one assist, two steals and two blocks in 21 minutes off the bench. On March 19, he was waived by Delaware. Henan Roaring Elephants (2016)
On May 24, 2016, <mask> signed with Henan Roaring Elephants of the Chinese National Basketball League. Beşiktaş (2016–2018)
On August 18, 2016, <mask> signed with Turkish club Beşiktaş for the 2016–17 season. On July 3, 2017, he re-signed with Beşiktaş for one more season.He also made the 2017 BSL All Star Game

Budućnost VOLI (2018–2019)
On June 16, 2018, <mask> signed with Budućnost VOLI of the Montenegrin Basketball League for the 2018–19 season. San Pablo Burgos (2019–2020)
On July 19, 2019, <mask> signed with Spanish club San Pablo Burgos. <mask> became their "franchise player", averaging 12.2 points and 5.9 rebounds per game in the Liga ACB. He travelled to the US to be with his family after the ACB league cancellation in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Having troubles to return to Spain during the lockdown to resume practice sessions, San Pablo Burgos and <mask> mutually decided to part ways on May 15, 2020. Anyang KGC (2020)
On June 19, 2020, <mask> signed with the Korean team Anyang KGC. Gran Canaria (2020–2021)
On December 22, 2020, <mask> signed with Herbalife Gran Canaria of the Spanish Liga ACB.On December 31, 2021, <mask> signed with the Sioux Falls Skyforce of the NBA G League. <mask> was then later waived on January 21, 2022, without playing a

masks: Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark


title: Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours

texts:
<mask> of Orléans, Duke of Nemours (Louis Charles Philippe Raphaël d'Orléans; 25 October 1814 – 26 June 1896) was the second son of King Louis-Philippe I of France, and his wife Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily. Life

Childhood
He was born at the Palais Royal, in Paris. At twelve years of age, he was nominated colonel of the First Regiment of Chasseurs, and in 1830 entered the Chambre des Pairs. As early as 1825, while revolutionaries were still engaged in the Greek War of Independence, attempting to establish a Kingdom of Greece (which transpired with the London Conference of 1832), Louis' name was mentioned as a possible candidate as the first modern King of Greece. In February 1831, five months before revolutionaries succeeded in the Belgian Revolution, which established the Kingdom of Belgium, Louis was nominated to be the first King of the Belgians; international considerations deterred Louis-Philippe from accepting the honour for his son. Prince Louis did accompany the French Armée du Nord that entered Belgium to support its separation from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands; there he took part in the Siege of Antwerp (1832). Louis accompanied the Algerian expedition against the town of Constantine in the autumn of 1836, and in a second expedition (1837) he was entrusted with the command of a brigade and with the direction of the siege operations at Constantine.General Damrémont was killed at his side on 12 October, and Constantine was taken by assault on the 13th. He sailed a third time for Algeria in 1841, and served under General Bugeaud, taking part in the expedition to get provisions to Médéa on


title: Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours

texts: as indispensable to the re-establishment of the French monarchy in any form. These wishes were frustrated on the one hand by the attitude of the comte de Chambord, and on the other by the determination of the Duchess of Orleans to maintain the pretensions of the Count of Paris.<mask> was prepared to go further than the other princes of his family in accepting the principles of the legitimists. Lengthy negotiations ended in 1857 with a letter, written by <mask>, as he subsequently explained, at the dictation of his brother, François, prince de Joinville, in which he insisted that Chambord should express his adherence to the tricolour flag and to the principles of constitutional government. In 1871 the Orléans princes renewed their professions of allegiance to the senior branch of their house, but they were not consulted when the count of Chambord came to Paris in 1873, and their political differences remained until his death in 1883. <mask> lived at Bushy House after the death in 1866 of Queen Marie Amélie, widow of Louis Philippe. In 1871 the exile imposed on the French princes was withdrawn, but he only transferred his establishment to Paris after their disabilities were also removed. In March 1872 he was restored to his rank in the army as general of division, and placed in the first section of the general staff. After his retirement from the active list he continued to act as president of the Red Cross Society until 1886, when new decrees against the princes of the blood led to his withdrawal from Parisian society.During the presidency of Marshal MacMahon, he appeared from time to time at the Elysée. He

masks: Nemours Nemours Nemours


title: Elizabeth Gillies

texts:
<mask> (born July 26, 1993) is an American actress and singer. <mask> made her Broadway debut at age 15 in the musical 13, playing the character of Lucy. She made her first television appearance in The Black Donnellys (2007), later starring as Jade West in the Nickelodeon series Victorious (2010–2013). From 2011 to 2014, she provided the voice of Daphne in Nickelodeon's Winx Club, and she had a main role in the FX comedy series Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll (2015–2016). Since 2017, <mask> has starred as billionaire heiress and energy executive Fallon Carrington in The CW's series Dynasty, a reboot of the 1980s series of the same name. She has also appeared in various feature and television films, including the horror film Animal (2014), the television film Killing Daddy (2014), the comedy film Vacation (2015), and the black comedy thriller film Arizona (2018). <mask> made her debut as a singer on Victorious with the song "Give It Up" in 2011, singing alongside Ariana Grande.She released other songs while on the show, including "You Don't Know Me" and "Take a Hint", singing alongside Victoria Justice, both songs being part of the Victorious soundtrack. Early life
<mask> <mask> was born in Haworth, New Jersey, on July 26, 1993, to Dave and Lorrie <mask>. She has one younger brother, born 1996. <mask> has stated that she has Irish ancestry, and an Italian grandmother and great-grandmother. She left high school in her freshman year to pursue acting and participated in an online high school program. Career

2005–2009: Early work
<mask>' acting career began at age 12, when she started going to local open casting calls. She quickly began appearing in commercials for companies such as Virgin Mobile.<mask>' first television role was as

masks:
Elizabeth Egan Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Elizabeth Egan
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies


title: Elizabeth Gillies

texts:
 a recurring character in three episodes of The Black Donnellys. She has stated that she was not allowed to watch the finished show in its entirety because her parents felt it was not appropriate for her at the time. In 2008, she played small roles in The Clique, Harold, and Locker 514. That year she was also cast as Lucy in a Goodspeed production of Jason Robert Brown's new musical 13, alongside her future Victorious co-star, Ariana Grande. Later that year, 13 moved to Broadway, which made it the first Broadway production to have a cast and band entirely made up of teenagers. <mask> remained with the production until its closure on January 4, 2009. 2010–2014: Victorious and breakthrough
In 2010, <mask> was cast as bad girl and occasional antagonist Jade West in the Nickelodeon television show Victorious, a sitcom revolving around teenagers at a performing arts high school in Hollywood, which marked her second time working alongside 13 co-star Ariana Grande.Regarding her Victorious character, <mask> said "It's wonderful. I love playing Jade. I always say she's not so much the 'mean' girl, but the 'bad' girl in so many ways. She has a lot of human qualities to her – she's not just completely sociopathic. She's sweet with her boyfriend. It's nice to play a character with some depth." The show premiered on March 27, 2010.During her time on Victorious, <mask> was featured in several songs on the soundtracks Victorious and Victorious 2.0, including "Give It Up" (duet with Ariana Grande), and "Take a Hint" (duet with Victoria Justice). She also wrote and recorded the song "You Don't Know Me" for an episode of Victorious, and it was later featured in Victorious 3.0. She lent her talents to other Nick shows, voicing the character

masks: Gillies Gillies Gillies Gillies


title: Elizabeth Gillies

texts:
 of Daphne on the Nickelodeon revival of Winx Club and recording Winx Club's official song, "We Are Believix." She also appeared in an episode of Big Time Rush and as a contestant on BrainSurge and Figure It Out. Beginning in 2012, <mask> began playing small guest roles outside Nickelodeon. Notable appearances include White Collar and The Exes. In July 2012, it was reported that <mask> was working on an alternative rock album.Victorious ended on February 2, 2013, after four seasons. Following the cancellation of the series, <mask> took some time off from acting. In 2013, she was cast as Courtney in the musical adaptation of Jawbreaker and participated in a reading of the show in Manhattan. The musical did not end up being taken to Broadway. On December 10, 2013, <mask> recorded a duet of "Santa Baby" with Ariana Grande for the latter's Christmas Kisses EP. In 2014, <mask> appeared in the horror film Animal as Mandy and the Lifetime movie Killing Daddy, playing Callie Ross. Animal was filmed in the summer of 2013 in Manchester, Connecticut, and was produced by Drew Barrymore.The film also features <mask>' former Winx Club co-star Keke Palmer and was released on iTunes June 17, 2014. 2015–present: Further acting
In 2015, <mask> was cast as Heather in the remake of Vacation. The film received a wide release on July 29, 2015. She was then cast in the comedy series Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll as Gigi, an aspiring singer and daughter of a former rock star named Johnny Rock (portrayed by the show's creator Denis Leary). The show premiered July 16, 2015 to mixed reviews, but <mask>' performance as Gigi was well received. On September 9, 2016, FX declined to renew the show for a third season, effectively canceling the series. In 2017,

masks: Gillies Gillies Gillies Gillies Gillies Gillies Gillies Gillies


title: Elizabeth Gillies

texts:
 <mask> was cast as Fallon Carrington in The CW television series Dynasty, a reboot of the 1980s series of the same name.After Nicollette Sheridan left the role of Fallon's mother Alexis Carrington near the end of the second season, <mask> began playing the character temporarily, as well as continuing to portray Fallon. In 2018, <mask> starred in the dark-comedy thriller film Arizona as Kelsey. It was first premiered at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival, and later attained a theatrical release, as well as being released direct-to-video. In 2019, <mask>, alongside Matt Bennett, made a surprise appearance during the November 19th show of her Victorious co-star Ariana Grande's Sweetener World Tour in Atlanta, Georgia in which Grande and Bennett performed "I Think You're Swell", while Grande and <mask> performed "Give It Up", both songs from Victorious. In 2021, it was announced <mask> would voice the titular character in the upcoming superhero feature Catwoman: Hunted. Personal life
On August 8, 2020, <mask> married music producer Michael Corcoran at a private ceremony in Chesterfield Township, New Jersey. They reside in Atlanta, Georgia.Filmography

Film

Television

Music videos

Theater

Discography

References

External links

 <mask> on YouTube

1993 births
21st-century American actresses
21st-century American singers
Actresses from New Jersey
American child actresses
American child singers
American film actresses
American musical theatre actresses
American people of Irish descent
American people of Italian descent
American pop rock singers
American television actresses
American voice actresses
Child pop musicians
Living people
People from Haworth, New Jersey
Singers from New Jersey
21st-century American women

masks:
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Gillies
Elizabeth Gillies


title: Yury Onufriyenko

texts:
 served as Commander of the  Mir EO-21 expedition. The Soyuz TM-23 spacecraft carrying Onufrienko with cosmonaut <mask> Usachov lifted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on February 21, 1996, at 12:34:05 UTC. After two days of autonomous flight, the Soyuz spacecraft docked with the Mir space station's forward-facing port on February 23 at 14:20 UTC. One month later, he and Yuri Usachov were joined by NASA astronaut Shannon Lucid.During Mir-21 Onufrienko performed numerous research experiments including Protein crystal growth experiments experiments in materials science using high temperature melting oven "Optizon". The new module Priroda, the seventh and final module of the Mir Space Station arrived on April 26, 1996. Its primary purpose was to conduct Earth resource experiments through remote sensing and to develop and verify remote sensing methods. During Mir EO-21 supplies arrived with the Progress M-31 spacecraft. Onufrienko and Yuri Usachov were joined by French astronaut Claudie André-Deshays after the departure of Shannon Lucid. On September 2, 1996, Onufrienko, Usachev and Claudie André-Deshays returned to Earth on board the Soyuz TM-23 capsule. The spacecraft landed at 07:41:40 UTC 108 km south west of Akmola (Tselinograd).Altogether, on board Soyuz TM-23 and Mir, Onufrienko logged 193 days in space. Expedition 4

Onufrienko again served as Commander on ISS Expedition 4. Onufrienko returned to space on board  STS-108 mission. Launched on December 5, 2001, at 22:19:28 UTC from the Kennedy Space Center, Endeavour docked with the International Space Station (ISS) on December 7, 2001, at 20:03 UTC. The primary objective of STS-108 was to deliver supplies to and help maintain the ISS. During a -month stay aboard the ISS, the 3 member Expedition 4 crew (Onufrienko and NASA astronauts Daniel


title: Kent Kane Parrot

texts:
<mask> (May 22, 1880 - March 11, 1956) was an American political figure and attorney who was considered the "boss" of municipal politics in Los Angeles, California, in the 1920s. Early years

<mask> was a native of Kennebunkport, Maine, the son of a wealthy family. In 1905, he married his third cousin, Mary O'Hara. They had a son, <mask>., and a daughter who died of cancer in childhood. Following the end of their marriage, O'Hara worked as a Hollywood screenwriter; her most noted work was My Friend Flicka. Parrot moved with O'Hara to Los Angeles in 1907, where Parrot attended USC Law School. He was reported to have been a star football player while a student at USC.Parrot received his law degree in 1909 and was admitted to the bar, but he found his talent as a deal-maker with tremendous people skills. He was described as a big man, approximately , with a "magnetic personality". George Cryer
Parrot became active in local politics, and in 1921 he teamed up with George E. Cryer, an assistant district attorney who had prosecuted public corruption cases. Parrot saw Cryer as a good choice for a mayoral candidate and suggested to Cryer that he run, with Parrot as his campaign manager. In 1921, the Cryer-Parrot team defeated the incumbent Mayor Meredith P. Snyder. Cryer's campaign promised to close the "dens of vice" and attacked Snyder as being corrupt and unfit to be mayor. The Los Angeles Police Commissioner sent a telegram to the newspapers before the election asking, "Shall crime and protected vice continue, or will the voters and taxpayers elect George E. Cryer

masks:
Kent Kane Parrot
Kane
Kent Kane Parrot Jr


title: Kent Kane Parrot

texts:
 mayor?""De facto mayor"
Though Cryer had been elected to office as a reformer who would eliminate public corruption, Cryer's administration became the target of corruption charges. During Cryer's eight years as mayor from 1921 to 1929, Parrot became known for his wielding of power behind the scenes. Shortly after his election, Cryer appointed Parrot to the Board of Public Service Commission, but the City Council rejected the appointment by a 7 to 2 vote. Instead, Parrot remained in the background. It was widely written that Cryer was a figurehead and that Parrot was the "de facto mayor" who ran the Harbor Commission and the Los Angeles Police Department, even transferring personnel without consulting the city's police chief. Cryer was sometimes referred to as "Parrot's Puppet", and the city government in the 1920s was said to be controlled by the "Parrot-Cryer machine". From his position of influence in city government, Parrot became associated with the city's vice king, Charles H. Crawford, and bootleggers Tony Cornero and Albert Marco.Though discreet in public, Parrot reportedly socialized with the city's criminal leaders at his private apartment at the city's newest opulent hotel, the Biltmore. Cryer's opponent in the 1925 mayoral election, Benjamin F. Bledsoe, focused attention on Parrot's role in city government: "I ask, as I shall continue to ask through this campaign: 'Mr. Cryer, how much longer is <mask>t going to be the de-facto Mayor of Los Angeles'?" The Los Angeles Times in April 1925 ran a front-page editorial under the headline, "SHALL WE RE-ELECT


title: Kent Kane Parrot

texts:
 perhaps, do better. He must learn to think up plausible reasons for the actions of the organization and not let the purely political motive stick out like a sore thumb. Perhaps he thinks the voters of Los Angeles are so lacking in intelligence that this is unnecessary; if so, he is mistaken. It does not pay to be so raw anywhere. A campaign to recall Cryer in 1927 was led by the City Planning Commissioner, Estelle Holman, and rumors spread that Cryer was "tired" and "weary" of the job, and that an "Unknown Committee of Twenty-Five" had formed to tell "the Parrot-Cryer lame-duck city 'administration' to ease the Mayor out of the side door of the City Hall." Break with Cryer
By 1929, relations between the two principals of "the so-called Parrot-Cryer political machine" had been severed.Parrot leaked a report to the Los Angeles Record that Cryer would not seek re-election, and those close to Cryer openly charged Parrot with betraying the mayor. Cryer himself announced in late February 1929 that he would not run for re-election as mayor. Later years
After Cryer left office in 1929, Parrot abandoned politics and moved to Montecito, California. He was divorced by his second wife, Virginia Pierce <mask>, in 1929 and married Lucille Cary Armstrong in 1936. He remained in Montecito until he died of cancer in 1956 at age 73. Notes

1956 deaths
USC Trojans football players
American political bosses
People from Kennebunkport, Maine
Deaths from cancer in California
Year of birth uncertain
California Republicans
American campaign managers
Politicians from Los Angeles
1880