title: Gregor Robertson (politician)

texts:
 focused on three key areas: jobs and the economy, greener communities, and protecting human health. China democracy controversy
In September 2010 on a trip to China, <mask> was questioned about working with an authoritarian regime by the CBC to which he responded, "You can question how worthwhile democracy is in a lot of countries right now." Upon returning to Canada he later admitted he was guilty of a "poor choice of words". Transportation issues

Canada Line

<mask> was a strong supporter of Cambie Street merchants and spoke regularly about hardships from the Canada Line construction. He called the handling of the rail line construction an "injustice". On March 23, 2009, <mask> testified in a lawsuit brought by a Cambie Street plebiscite merchant in the B.C. Supreme Court regarding damage to her business from the construction, a lawsuit for which the merchant was awarded $600,000 by the B.C.Supreme Court because in part there was insufficient action to mitigate the effects of Canada Line construction on Cambie Street merchants. This decision was later appealed and overturned at the B.C. Court of Appeal on February 18, 2012. On the Canada Line opening day of August 17, 2009, <mask> said Greater Vancouver needed more rapid transit but the Canada Line was a "great start" and that he was a "Johnny-come-lately" to the project. Arbutus rail corridor
The City of Vancouver has been trying to acquire the disused railway line running adjacent to Arbutus Street from Marpole to Granville Island. The line is private property owned by CP who have been trying to sell it to the City of Vancouver after many citizens objected to their plans to develop it for housing. Toll proposal
On September 17, 2009, <mask> called for adding a toll to the Sea-to-Sky Highway, the primary driving route between Vancouver and Whistler, British Columbia, and to all major crossings of the Fraser River to help fund Translink.British Columbia Minister of Transportation Shirley Bond dismissed the proposal by stating that the Province has no plans to add a toll to the Sea-to-Sky Highway, and that the Province was not contemplating a change in tolling strategy.

masks: Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson


title: Gregor Robertson (politician)

type: original

texts:
 Bicycling issues
<mask> became mayor of Vancouver at a time in history when cities worldwide had been installing advanced cycling infrastructure. This caused him to be associated with cycling in media and the public eye. The same effect happened to mayors in other cities around the same time. In an April 2008 speech to a Critical Mass rally, <mask> requested the assistance of Critical Mass riders to help get him elected. He took part in the April 2008 ride by illegally riding without a helmet to show his support for the protesters. However, in July 2009, after he was elected, he expressed that he was "pissed off" at Critical Mass because organizers had not announced the route for the next ride and would not participate.Vancouver's Critical Mass does not plan its routes. Cycling had been growing in popularity in Vancouver as it has all over the world and the desire of its citizens to cycle for at least some of their trips had been growing for decades however little was done before July 2009 when the Burrard Bridge bicycle lane trial was initiated to determine whether creating a new protected bike lane was a viable solution to increase the safety and comfort of people cycling and walking while still maintaining an effective flow of traffic. During his mayorship, the City's flagship project was the Seaside Greenway, running from downtown Vancouver to the Jericho Beach. This active transportation corridor was created by repurposing one lane of automobile traffic from the Burrard Bridge as well as blocking through vehicular traffic from the prestigious Point Grey Road. Open microphone controversy
In July 2010, <mask> was caught on an open microphone referring to speakers from the public at a council session as, "Who are all these fucking...who are these hacks, man? Are they...they NPA hacks?" <mask> and Councilors Tim Stevenson and Heather Deal went on to mock and laugh at the speakers who had called for greater transparency in the selection of a 12-person committee that will advise council on rezoning.<mask>'s tirade became a YouTube sensation, which led to him making a public apology. Representatives of the speakers felt that


title: Gregor Robertson (politician)

texts:
 the profanity was not the issue, but the disrespect of citizens who were attempting to voice their concerns. City logo outburst
In 2017, the city announced its proposal of a new logo. After spending $8,000 on the concept, the public was quick to jump on the opposition. The idea was described by graphic designers as "Uninspiring and a huge missed opportunity at rebranding the west coast metropolis." According to the CBC, <mask> lost his temper when asked about the logo. The change was suspended.Gordon Campbell comments controversy
On March 30, 2009, <mask> gave a glowing introduction for Premier Gordon Campbell, the leader of the British Columbia Liberal Party. On April 9, 2009, a member of <mask>'s Vision Vancouver caucus, Geoff Meggs, stated that <mask> regretted the language he used as being "unguarded" and that it was intended to build a relationship with the governing provincial party. However <mask> lost support from a former Vision Vancouver executive board member, who resigned from Vision Vancouver on May 7, 2009, and stated he was encouraging other members to do the same, based on his claim that <mask> had not responded to a message the member had sent regarding his concerns about the Campbell remarks. The member was concerned that <mask> had not publicly addressed concerns or explained the issue to Vision Vancouver members. The member accused <mask> of "tremendous disrespect" and "an incredible lack of leadership and a respect for your colleagues." <mask> stated, "I was over-exuberant in introducing the premier to an international audience...There were almost no voters there. I wasn’t thinking politically...But given that we’re so close to an election, some of my comments were misconstrued by people."On May 19, 2009, <mask> sent a congratulatory letter to Campbell with a handwritten note that started with "Congrats" and continued, "looking forward to a very productive run-up to the Games and a strong partnership for Vancouver’s future!" Bylaw changes

In July 2009, <mask> led the Vancouver City Council to pass several bylaw changes—including security checkpoints, closed-circuit cameras, prohibition of "disturbance

masks: Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson


title: Gregor Robertson (politician)

texts:
 or nuisance interfering with the enjoyment of entertainment on city land by other persons", and prohibition of commercial flyers at celebration sites—which were controversial for some civil liberties advocates who argued that they "make it more difficult to exercise [the] fundamental constitutional rights to free speech, peaceful assembly and free expression." As part of the changes city manager Penny Ballem, an unelected official, was given special powers that were referred to by Coalition of Progressive Electors councilor Ellen Woodsworth as "wide open carte blanche." <mask> defended council's position, explaining the bylaw changes were necessary given what Vancouver is expected to achieve in February 2010. According to <mask>, "It is our ultimate obligation to ensure the safety and security of people who are in our city and this, I think, addresses a lot of the concerns proactively on that level while respecting the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. This is a temporary set of changes we're putting it in place for a special event." <mask> also implemented a bylaw in April 2014 that prevented homeowners from cutting trees down on their own private property.The bylaw was proposed due to the rapid reduction in tree cover in the City of Vancouver. Many of the trees had been removed by property developers, with the blessing of the City Council, yet it is homeowners who are suffering from the restrictions. Legal experts believe that the bylaw is unconstitutional and a Supreme Court case will be imminent. Vancouver charter amendment
On January 12, 2009, <mask> requested an amendment to the Vancouver Charter to allow the city to borrow $458 million to fund the completion of the 2010 Olympic Village in False Creek without seeking approval from taxpayers in an election-day plebiscite. <mask> said this was due to extraordinary circumstances. The amendment was passed on January 18, 2009, in an emergency session of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Vancouver Stanley Cup riot
On June 15, 2011, the 2011 Vancouver Stanley Cup riot occurred after a Vancouver Canucks loss in game 7 of the Stanley Cup final.<mask> attributed the

masks: Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson


title: Gregor Robertson (politician)

texts:
 situation to "a small group of troublemakers". Bob Whitelaw, author of a report into the 1994 Vancouver Stanley Cup riot, indicated that authorities had made several mistakes in the planning for the crowd—among them allowing parked cars near the screens and leaving newspaper boxes nearby which could be used as projectiles. It was later claimed by Vancouver Police Chief Jim Chu that Bob Whitelaw was not a contributor to the final report, and that all recommendations of the final report had been followed. <mask> admitted to not having read the 1994 report. Suzanne Anton dubbed the riot as "Robertson's Riot", a moniker which was picked up by some media outlets. <mask> later accepted some of the responsibility for allowing the riot to occur. 2014 Vancouver civic election
On November 15, 2014, <mask> was re-elected as Mayor of Vancouver, defeating opponent Kirk LaPointe by 5 percent.Family
<mask> was married to Amy, whom he met at Colorado College, and they have three children. In 2012, <mask>'s foster son Jinagh was arrested on cocaine and firearms charges. On July 5, 2014, the <mask>s announced their separation in a joint statement. <mask> was the partner of pop singer Wanting Qu from January 2015 to May 2017. In 2013, <mask> moved from the South Cambie neighbourhood of Vancouver to Kitsilano. <mask> is also a tuba player; he and his former MLA colleague Nicholas Simons performed on country-punk musician Slim Milkie's 2010 album Silverado. He is a distant relative of Norman Bethune.His grandmother was a first cousin of the Canadian doctor, a hero of the mainland Chinese Communist Revolution. In December 2020, <mask> and Eileen Park got married in Stanley Park. Election results

2008 election for mayor

2011 election for mayor

2014 election for mayor

References

External links

1964 births
Businesspeople from Vancouver
Canadian drink industry businesspeople
British Columbia New Democratic Party MLAs
Canadian chief executives
Canadian expatriates in New Zealand
Canadian farmers
Colorado College alumni
Living people
Mayors of Vancouver
People from Langley, British Columbia (city)
People from North Vancouver
21st-century Canadian

masks: Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson Robertson


title: Bernie Dresel

texts:
<mask>. (born November 12, 1961) is an American studio drummer and percussionist. He has been with multi-Grammy award-winning artists and recordings; most notably having performed and recorded extensively with The Brian Setzer Orchestra and Gordon Goodwin's Big Phat Band. The BBB Featuring <mask> (his own big band) has been performing since 2014 in numerous, prominent venues in Los Angeles and has recorded two notable CDs. He has recorded on numerous television shows and close to 60 movie soundtracks to include The Simpsons, Family Guy, King of the Hill, The Sopranos, Incredibles 2, The Bourne Supremacy, Cars 2, Up, Super 8, The Mask and Elf. Biography

Early life and education
<mask> was born on November 12, 1961 in Sharon, Pennsylvania. His parents gave him a toy paper-head drum kit at age two. He was inspired by seeing Ringo Starr and the Beatles perform on the Ed Sullivan Show, received a copy of  Meet The Beatles from his grandmother, and started drum lessons at the age of four and a half.Through the age of seventeen, Dresel studied with Robert Bydell, the timpanist with the Youngstown Symphony. He played music in elementary school programs and participated in drum corps ensembles. In 1970 at age 10 he won three national drum competitions at the NBTA National Championship held at Notre Dame University in South Bend, Indiana. After graduating from high school in 1979 he enrolled in the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York to study orchestral drumming and majored in music education. His younger brother, <mask>, is a drummer who has performed on the television show Jimmy Kimmel Live. Move to Los Angeles
After graduating from Eastman in 1983, Dresel moved to Los Angeles. He intended to complete the California CBEST teaching certification test, but within three weeks he got a job at Aladdin Hotel in Las Vegas supporting the Albaricci Sisters.He went on tour for six months with The Lettermen and in 1986 with Maynard Ferguson. A

masks:
Bernard John Dresel Jr
Bernie Dresel
Dresel
Jonathan Dresel


title: Bernie Dresel

texts: former classmate at Eastman recommended him for a job in the studio band for the television show Our House. After that he became a session musician for television and films. He performed wit his idol Ringo Starr on the Dame Edna television series. He recorded on the Man of Steel soundtrack by Hans Zimmer. In 1992 <mask> was asked to join Brian Setzer's 16-piece rockabilly big band for two performances. Committed to a previously scheduled engagement, Dresel had to decline the first offer.Receiving a second call informing him that Setzer wanted him for an extended tour, he permanently joined the Brian Setzer Orchestra. <mask> recorded and toured with the Brian Setzer Orchestra over the next 15 years recording four albums (until 2006). The triple-platinum album The Dirty Boogie was released in 1998 and reached number 9 on the Billboard Top 200 albums. The top 40 hit single from the album "Jump, Jive an' Wail" won the 1999 Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals and the song "Sleepwalk" won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance. He recorded with Setzer on Ignition!, Nitro Burnin' Funny Daddy and Rockabilly Riot. <mask> was the drummer for Gordon Goodwin's Big Phat Band since its beginning in 2000 until 2015, appearing on ten recordings. The Big Phat Band  won three Grammy Awards in 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2011.Other albums Dresel appears on include David Byrne's The Forest (1998), Keiko Matsui's Cherry Blossoms (1992),  Orange Crate Art (1995) by Brian Wilson and Van Dyke Parks, Andy Summers' Green Chimneys: The Music of Thelonious Monk (1999), Big Bad Voodoo Daddy's How Big Can You Get? : The Music of Cab Calloway (2009) and Michael Feinstein's The Sinatra Project, Vol. 2: The Good Life (2011). Since 2014 <mask> has been leading two bands: the funk band BERN and The BBB Featuring <mask>. <mask> and Bill Cunliffe led the band Porcupine. <mask> has been on the faculty of University of Nevada Las

masks:
Dresel
Dresel
Dresel
Dresel
Bernie Dresel
Dresel
Dresel


title: Alexander Mantashev

texts:
<mask> (, Aleksandr Mantashiants; , <mask>; 3 March 1842 – 19 April 1911) was a prominent Russian oil magnate, industrialist, financier, and a philanthropist of the Armenian origin. By the end of his life he had become one of the world's wealthiest individuals. Early life
Born in Tiflis, Tiflis Governorate, Russian Empire, Mantashev spent most of his childhood in Tabriz, in northern Iran, where his father was involved in the cotton and textile trade. Being the only son, he was involved in his father's business affairs early on. In 1869, he moved to Manchester (known as Cottonopolis in the 19th century), a major center of cotton and textile processing industries, from where he helped ship goods to his father in Tabriz. Mantashev's stay in Manchester played an important role in the development of his character. Not only did he learn the secrets and crafts of the textile industry in Manchester, but he also delved into the intricacies of European business and English culture.During this period he learned the English, French, and German languages. In 1872, Mantashev returned to Tiflis with his father. In the first floor of the hotel Caucasus, located in Erivansky Square, the Mantashevs opened a cotton store, then another one, eventually becoming fully engaged in the wholesale textile trade. After his father's death in 1887, <mask> purchased most of the shares of the Tiflis Central Commercial Bank — thus becoming its principal shareholder, and then the Chairman of the Board of the Bank. The bank was involved in almost every aspect of trade in the Caucasus. Incidentally, Tifkombank was the only financial institution in the Caucasus whose shares traded on the Saint Petersburg Stock Exchange. In the early 1890s, <mask> was already a 1st guild

masks:
Alexander Mantashev
Aleksandr Ivanovich Mantashev
Alexander
Alexander


title: Alexander Mantashev

texts:
 merchant and a Speaker of the Tiflis duma.It was then that he became interested in a new business venture, when he was looking into the prospects of Baku oil. Oil tycoon

This was the epoch of the world oil trade. The underground black liquid promised entrepreneurs incredible profits and opened ambitious prospects. The only requirements were a large investment and the ability to run the business. These Mantashev had. His chief accountant recalled that not a single document went into effect without <mask>'s resolution, "Asttsov" ("with God" in Armenian). Mantashev, not being afraid of high risk investments, bought (together with another Armenian colleague, Michael Aramyants) unprofitable oil wells in Baku that very soon became profitable.In 1894 he created a tentative association along with the other major oil interests in Russia, the Nobels and the Rothschilds, in order to cooperate in the marketing of petroleum products within certain geographical areas. This was in response to Standard Oil's aggressive marketing policy. In 1896, during a trip to Egypt, Mantashev met Calouste Gulbenkian who was fleeing the Ottoman Empire with his family as a result of the Hamidian massacres. Mantashev introduced Gulbenkian to the right circles in Cairo, including Sir Evelyn Baring. For refining oil, Mantashev built a kerosene plant in Baku, as well as a lubricant plant and a marine refinery for pumping oil and fuel to vessels. His company owned a factory for the fabrication of canisters for the packaging and storage of oil in Batumi, a mechanical workshop in Zabrat, an oil pumping station in Odessa, and even one hundred freight cars circulating in the southwestern railways of Russia. (The young Joseph Stalin organized strikes in Mantashev's Batumi


title: Alexander Mantashev

texts: factory and participated in street demonstrations in 1902.)In England Mantashev bought two tankers, which supplied oil to India, China, Japan and the Mediterranean countries. In 1899 he created the trading house "A.I. Mantashev and Co.", opening representative offices and warehouses in the major cities of Europe and Asia: Smyrna, Thessaloniki, Constantinople, Alexandria, Cairo, Port Said, Damascus, Paris, London, Bombay and Shanghai. Mantashev became a shareholder in a number of oil companies, among them the Nobel Brothers. 51.3% of the total stock of oil and 66.8% of the oil content in the Caspian Sea was centered on the firm. In 1904, it was the third largest oil company in Baku, next to only the Nobel Brothers and the Caspian Sea Society of the Rothschild brothers. Once while riding on a train from Vienna to Paris, Mantashev was accompanied by a silent passenger in the same car.Mantashev failed in all his attempts to communicate with the passenger. Only when it came to the subject of Baku oil did the silent passenger become talkative. During their discussion he had asked several professional questions regarding oil and had mentioned that the only person he had heard of in Baku was <mask>v. Mantashev smiled and introduced himself. The conversation stalled thereafter. In Paris, they shook hands and parted. A few days later Mantashev was invited to a cocktail party by Britain's Baron Rothschild.It became clear that the Baron had been the silent passenger on the train because the personal invitation contained several lines regarding their encounter on the train. Mantashev funded the Baku-Batumi pipeline which was launched in 1907, becoming the world's longest pipeline, 835 kilometers long. From 1899 to 1909, his company by volume of fixed


title: Alexander Mantashev

texts:
 For this act, the President of France gave <mask>v the Order of the Legion of Honor. Personality and legacy

Despite all of his wealth Mantashev led a modest lifestyle.He did not like gold and never wore jewellery. He only attached a fresh flower to his vest. He did not have an entourage and enjoyed travelling by tram in Tiflis. It is said that Mantashev only carried with him 20 gold coins and five rubles. Mantashev loved the theatre. In Tiflis he built the Pitoewski Theatre (now the Rustaveli Theatre). In the Academie National de Musique of Paris he had a personal lounge.He intended to build a similar theatre in Yerevan. The Small Hall of the Armenian Philharmonic Orchestra was also built by him. Mantashev died on 19 April 1911 in Saint Petersburg. His body was moved to Tiflis and buried next to his wife at the cemetery of Vank Cathedral which was being restored at the time with his donations. After the October Revolution of 1917, his company ceased to exist along with all the other oil companies in Russia. In 1933, by the order of Lavrentiy Beria, the Vank Cathedral was destroyed along with the cemetery where Mantashev was buried. Today he is remembered in Tbilisi for his charity, where many of his buildings are still standing, and in Yerevan, where a downtown street was named after him along with a major luxury goods store.A monument of Mantashian has been erected in Yerevan in April 2012. Notes

References
  Журнал ЕРЕВАН, N. 3–4, July–August 2005, pp. 44–49. Businesspeople in the oil industry
Armenian businesspeople in the oil industry
Ethnic Armenian businesspeople
Ethnic Armenian philanthropists
Georgian people of Armenian descent
Recipients of the Legion of Honour
Businesspeople from Tbilisi
1842 births
1911 deaths
19th-century


title: Bronisław von Poźniak

texts:
<mask> (Polish <mask>, [pɔʑɲ̩ak]), (26 August 1887 – 20 April 1953) was an Austro-German pianist of Polish descent, piano teacher, music writer and editor. Life and activity
Pozniak was born in Lviv in the Austrian part of the then divided Poland, the seventh child of an engineer and Austrian civil servant from Polish nobility. Her mother came from a humble background. Her father was a customs official. The young Bronislaw's early interest in music met with little approval from his parents at first, as a civil service career had been planned for him. However, as his talent for music, especially for playing the piano, became more and more apparent, his parents gradually gave up their resistance. After the family moved to Krakow, he received lessons from renowned teachers at the conservatoire such as Felicjan Szopski (1865–1939),  (1875–1951) and Władysław Żeleński (1837–1921).After graduating from high school, he attended a newly founded commercial college in Krakow, where it was possible to take the state examination after studying for only two semesters. Only on this condition did his father agree to the artist's career. After initial artistic successes in Lviv and later in Krakow, Pozniak continued his studies in Berlin at the financial sacrifice of his father. Arthur Rubinstein had recommended Pozniak to his own teacher Karl Heinrich Barth, a relentless piano professor at the Berlin University of

masks:
Bronislaw Ritter von Pozniak
Bronisław Poźniak


title: Bronisław von Poźniak

texts: musicology at the Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau Arnold Schmitz (1893–1980), Pozniak advocated the creation of the "University Institute for Music Education and Church Music", an extension of the Institute for Church Music, headed by Schmitz and affiliated to the university, and also became head of the piano department there. Pozniak's extensive pedagogical work, especially in Breslau, but also in other parts of Silesia and the great success of his pupils at regularly organised recitals and concerts made him a sought-after piano teacher to whom pupils flocked from all parts of the country and especially from the eastern countries.Of the many students, the most successful was the pianist Josef Wagner (1900–1947), Prize winner of the International Chopin Piano Competition 1932 in Warsaw. Also Hans Otte, Hans Pischner, Gerhard Wohlgemuth, <mask> Borck, Hans-Georg Burghardt and many other notable musicians were students of Pozniak. In addition to this pedagogical work, there was intensive solo activity, performances in piano duos and, above all, concert tours with his trio to the most important cities in Europe. The Pozniak Trio, founded in 1923, played in changing line-ups was one of the leading chamber music associations in Europe. Pozniak's trio partners in the string section included violinists Hugo Birkigt (1885–1944), Hugo Kortschak (1884–1957), Rudolf Deman (1880–1960),


title: Bronisław von Poźniak

texts:
 damping of the pianos of the time, very well sometimes intended sound mixtures and therefore resorted to pedal indications that seem bold to us today. This is also pointed out by Paul Badura-Skoda in the notes on interpretation in his Chopin edition (Edition Peters). There are no solo recordings of the pianist Pozniak, whom Walter Niemann calls "one of our most wonderful Chopin players". The surviving sound documents with his piano trio show, despite the age-related acoustic-technical deficiencies, a sensitive musician, responsive to his fellow players, whose slender and transparent tone, also according to his partners and critics, made him an ideal chamber music pianist. Recordings
Recordings for the Carl Lindström AG. Berlin, late 1920 / early 1921Trio Pozniak-Deman-Beyer: Bronislaw <mask> (piano), Rudolf Deman (violin), Hans Beyer (violoncello) Peter I. Tschaikowsky: Thema und Variationen aus: Klaviertrio a-Moll, op. 50.ODEON AA 57861
 Peter I. Tschaikowsky: Walzer aus: Klaviertrio a-Moll, op. 50. ODEON AA 57862
 Franz Schubert: 3. Satz / Allegro moderato aus: Klaviertrio Es-Dur, op. 100, D 929. ODEON AA 57863
 Anton Arensky: 3. Satz / Elegie aus: Klaviertrio Nr.1 d-Moll, op. 32. ODEON AA 57864

Recordings for the Deutsche Grammophon AG. Berlin, 1925

Auslandslabel: POLYDORPozniak-Trio: Bronislaw <mask>k (piano); Carl Freund (violin); Joseph Schuster (cello) Antonín Dvorák: Klaviertrio Nr. 4

masks:
von Pozniak
von Ponia


title: Bronisław von Poźniak

texts:
 e-Moll, op. 90 "Dumky-Trio" (5 Seiten). GRAMMOPHON 66194/66196
 Bedrich Smetana: 2.Satz / Allegro ma non agitato aus: Klaviertrio g-Moll, op. 15. GRAMMOPHON 66196
 Jean-Philippe Rameau: Cinquième Concert aus den Pièces de clavecin en concert. GRAMMOPHON 66197

Recordings for the Deutsche Grammophon AG. Berlin, 1926Pozniak-Trio: Bronislaw <mask> (piano); Carl Freund (violin); Joseph Schuster (cello) Paul Kletzki: 3. Satz / Adagio from the Trio d-Moll, op. 16.GRAMMOPHON 66415
 The Pozniak Trio premiered this work on 13 April 1926 in Berlin Egon Kornauth: Fragment from the Klaviertrio op. 27. GRAMMOPHON 66415
 Paul Juon: Rêverie, Humoresque, Elegie from the Trio-Miniaturen, op. 18 (3 Seiten). GRAMMOPHON 62548/62549
 Paul Juon: Danse phantastique from the Trio-Miniaturen, op. 24. GRAMMOPHON 62549with Emmi Leisner, alto Ludwig van Beethoven: Trüb', trüb' ist mein Auge; Die holde Maid von Inverness; Oh, grausam war mein Vater; Der treue Johnie; Der Abend aus "Twenty-five Scottish songs", op.108. POLYDOR 73021/71023
 Überspielung auf CD: "The Art of Emmi Leisner". Lebendige Vergangenheit / Preiser Records 89210 (P) 1994Recordings for the Electrola AG. Berlin, 23 October 1930Pozniak-Trio: Bronislaw <mask> (piano); Carl Freund (violin); Jascha Bernstein (violoncello) Antonín Dvorák: Klaviertrio Nr. 4 e-Moll, op. 90 "Dumky-Trio" (6 Seiten). ELECTROLA EH 647/649; HMV C.2384/2386; HMV AN.715/717

RUNDFUNK.live,

masks:
von Poniak
von Poniak


title: Bronisław von Poźniak

texts:
 3 March 1939Pozniak-Trio: Bronislaw <mask> (piano); Eugen Forster (violin); Sigrid Succo (violoncello) Antonín Dvorák: Klaviertrio Nr. 4 e-Moll, op. 90 "Dumky-Trio"Recording stored in the Narodowe Archivum cyfrowe, Warsaw under the shelf mark 3/33/0/1/2957Recordings for the Deutsche Grammophon GmbH. Berlin, 14 February 1941 with Lore Fischer, Alto. Triobegleitung: Prof. Br. v. Pozniak, Hans Bastian, Siegrid Succo.musical editing: Gerhard Strecke Johann Abraham Peter Schulz: Der Mond ist aufgegangen. Unveröffentlicht
 Volksweise: Die Blümelein, sie schlafen.GRAMMOPHON 47539
 Friedrich Silcher: Drauß' ist alles so prächtig. GRAMMOPHON 47539
 Joseph Haydn: Es weiden meine Schafe aus „Schottische Volkslieder“ (Hob. XXXIb). GRAMMOPHON 47541
 Joseph Haydn: Rose weiß, Rose rot aus „Schottische Volkslieder“ (Hob. XXXIb). GRAMMOPHON 47541

Recording for the Ludwig Hupfeld AG. Leipzig
 The solo recordings on piano roll with works by Frédéric Chopin, which Pozniak says he made in his memoirs for the , could not be determined until now (September 2020).Work, Editions
 Bronislaw v. Pozniak: Das ABC des Klavierspielers. L. Oemigkes's Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin u. Breslau 1936. Bronislaw v. Pozniak: ABC des Klavierspielers. 2. extended edition. Robert Forberg Musikverlag, Leipzig 1948. <mask> Poźniak: ABC pianisty. Przekład: Bogdan Zieliński, Izabella Zielińska.Ars Nova, Poznań 1992. (Polish translation of the

masks:
von Poniak
Bronisław


title: Bronisław von Poźniak

texts:
 1st German edition from 1936). Bronislaw v. Pozniak: Chopin. Praktische Anweisungen für das Studium der Chopin-Werke. Published in cooperation with the German Chopin Committee Berlin. Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle (Saale) 1949. Bronislaw v. Pozniak: Lebenserinnerungen.Transcribed from the manuscript and edited by Cristina v. Pozniak-Bierschenk. Unveröffentlichter Privatdruck. Osnabrück 1985. Nachdruck 2006. Bronislaw v. Pozniak (ed. ): Frédéric Chopin, Klavierwerke. New edition.Edition Peters, Leipzig 1949 ff. Bronislaw v. Pozniak (ed. ): Ludwig van Beethoven, Sonaten für Klavier Bd. 1 (Sonaten 1–14). Instruktive Neuausgabe nach dem Urtext. Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle (Saale). In die Edition Peters Collection Litolff Nr.5605 übernommen. Leipzig 1953. (Einzelheiten s. Weblinks)
 Bronislaw v. Pozniak (ed. ): Klaviermusik russischer und sowjetischer Meister. Edition Peters, Leipzig 1951. References

 Further reading
 : <mask> <mask> (1887–1953). In Karlheinz Schlager (ed.): Festschrift Hubert Unverricht zum 65. Geburtstag. Verlag Hans Schneider, Tutzing 1992. .
 Maria Zduniak: O autobiografii <mask>a Poźniaka (1887–1953). In Zeszyt Naukowy Akademii Muzycznej im. Karola Lipińskiego we Wrocławiu 65. Wrocław 1995. .
 Hans Joachim Moser: Chopin. In: Musikgeschichte in hundert Lebensbildern.Reclam-Verlag, Stuttgart 1952. Walter Niemann: Meister des Klaviers. Die Pianisten der Gegenwart und der letzten

masks: Bronisław Poźniak Bronisław


title: Bronisław von Poźniak

texts:
 Vergangenheit. Schuster und Löffler, Berlin 1919. Gregor Piatigorsky: Mein Cello und ich und unsere Begegnungen mit Béla Bartók, Sir Thomas Beecham, Pablo Casals… Wunderlich, Tübingen 1968. (Piatigorsky beschreibt hier sein Verhältnis zu Pozniak und dem Pozniak-Trio, dem er zeitweise angehörte). Pozniak, Bronislaw, <mask>.In Hans-Joachim Moser: Musiklexikon. Verlag Max Hesse, Berlin 1935, 1943, 1951. Breslau. In Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart: allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Musik). Sachteil, vol. 2. Bärenreiter/Metzler.Kassel/Stuttgart. (Incorrect year of birth Pozniak's!). Pozniak, Bronislaw <mask>. In Frank/Altmann: Kurzgefasstes Tonkünstler-Lexikon. 15. Aufl. vol.2. Heinrichshofen, Wilhelmshaven 1978. (Incorrect year of birth Pozniak's!). Pozniak, Bronislaw, <mask>''. In Wilibald Gurlitt (ed. ): Riemann- Musiklexikon. 12th edition.Personal Part L–Z. Schott, Mainz 1961. (Incorrect indication of the pronunciation of the name!). External links

German classical pianists
Male classical pianists
1887 births
1953 deaths
People from Lviv
20th-century German male

masks:
Ritter von
von
Ritter von


title: Reşid Mehmed Pasha

texts:
<mask>, also known as Kütahı (, 1780–1836), was an Ottoman statesman and general who reached the post of Grand Vizier in the first half of the 19th century, playing an important role in the Greek War of Independence. Early life
<mask> was born in Georgia, the son of a Greek Orthodox priest. As a child, he was captured as a slave by the Ottomans, and brought to the service of the then <mask>rev <mask>. His intelligence and ability impressed his master and secured his rapid rise. He was stationed in Karađorđe's Serbia for a short time. At only 29 years, he was appointed governor of Kütahya, from where he acquired his sobriquet. In 1820, he was sent by Sultan Mahmud II, along with many other pashas, to quell the rebellion of <mask> of Yannina against the Porte.At the same time, the Greeks were preparing their own uprising, which broke out in March 1821. Thus, after the defeat and death of <mask> in 1822, he was at hand to campaign against the Greek rebels. Operations in Epirus – First Siege of Missolonghi

Having been appointed commander-in-chief of the Ottoman forces in Epirus, he marched south, to meet the Greek forces under Alexandros Mavrokordatos, which were campaigning towards Arta. He inflicted a crushing defeat upon them in the Battle of Peta, on 4 July 1822, and proceeded southwards, to the strategically important town of Missolonghi. There he was met by Omer Vrioni, and their joint force of 8,000 besieged the city for two months, from 25 October to 31 December 1822. Omer Vrioni, contrary to <mask> <mask>'s view, initially tried to take the town by negotiations, which the besieged

masks:
Reşid Mehmed Pasha
Reşid Mehmed
Kapudan Pasha Koca Hs
Mehmed Pasha
Ali Pasha
Ali Pasha
Reşid
Mehmed


title: Reşid Mehmed Pasha

texts:
 Greeks took advantage of, dragging them out until November 8, when they were reinforced by sea, at which point they refused to negotiate further. The siege began in earnest, and the two pashas scheduled their main assault for Christmas night, December 24, calculating that the Greeks would be caught by surprise.The plan was leaked to the defenders, and the attack failed. Six days later, the siege was lifted. Campaign in Thessaly

After the failure at Missolonghi, <mask> <mask> moved against the mountainous region of Pelion, which he managed to subdue. For his success, he was appointed governor of the sanjak of Trikala, and was finally appointed commander-in-chief of all Ottoman forces in Rumelia. Third Siege of Missolonghi

From this position he was tasked by the Porte with taking Missolonghi and thus securing western Greece. <mask> <mask> assembled an army of more than 35,000 and in February 1825 he set out for Missolonghi. On arriving there on April 20, he immediately invested the town with earthworks and subjected it to heavy bombardment.However, despite his efforts, the Greek garrison, aided by raids from the Greek bands behind his lines and resupplied by the Greek fleet despite the Ottoman naval blockade, resisted effectively. In the end, he was forced to call upon the assistance of <mask> of Egypt, whose army had been victorious against Greek forces in the Morea. The Egyptian forces arrived in early November, but a split occurred between the presumptuous Ibrahim and <mask> <mask>, who withdrew his forces. After the Egyptians failed too in their assaults, Ibrahim acknowledged his error.

masks:
Reşid
Mehmed
Reşid
Mehmed
Ibrahim Pasha
Reşid
Mehmed


title: Reşid Mehmed Pasha

texts:
 The two pashas now cooperated, and the siege was intensified. The seaward supply route was cut, forcing threatening the defenders with starvation. Finally, they attempted a desperate escape, breaking out through the besieging forces, on the night of 10 April 1826.The sortie resulted in a massacre of the defenders, and Missolonghi fell to the Ottoman forces. Campaign in Attica

After this success, <mask> <mask> turned towards Attica and Athens, where he arrived in July. He besieged the Greek garrison on the Acropolis of Athens unsuccessfully for ten months, until his unexpected victory over a Greek relief force at the Battle of Phaleron on 24 April 1827 forced the Greeks to surrender the fort. Campaign against Bosnia Eyalet

The Ottoman Bosnian leadership led by Husein Gradaščević were outraged when Sultan Mahmud II granted Serbia autonomy and subsequently six districts from the Bosnia Eyalet with the Treaty of Adrianople. Husein Gradaščević had already begun to support the cause of the fallen Janissary after the Auspicious Incident and would not allow Mahmud II to further disintegrate Bosnian society. Instead of negotiating with Husein Gradaščević, the Grand Vizier <mask> <mask> <mask> (already engaged in an aggressive campaign against Albanian pashas and beys) mobilized his Ottoman army towards Travnik. Disappointed by <mask> <mask>'s move, Gradaščević marched forward with an army of 52,000 into Priština, and later fought and defeated <mask> <mask> at Štimlje.A Bosnian delegation reached the Grand Vizier's camp in Skopje in November of that year. The Grand Vizier promised this delegation

masks: Reşid Mehmed Reşid Mehmed Pasha Reşid Pasha Reşid Pasha


title: Reşid Mehmed Pasha

texts:
 that he would insist to the Sultan that he accept the Bosniak demands. His true intentions, however, were manifested by early December when his cannons attacked Bosnian units stationed on the outskirts of Novi Pazar. <mask> <mask> <mask> later began an aggressive campaign into Bosnia with the assistance of the renegade kapetan Ali-paša Rizvanbegović and defeated the entire army of Bosnia Eyalet led by Husein Gradaščević outside the town of Stup. After the Greek Revolution
A very distinguished general, <mask> <mask> fought in the Russo-Turkish War, where he was defeated by General Diebitsch at the Battle of Kulevicha. Subsequently, he was appointed Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, a post he held from January 1829 to 17 February 1833. From that position, he orchestrated the  Monastir massacre of 1830 of the Albanian beys killing hundreds.He led the Ottoman armies in Anatolia in the Egyptian-Ottoman War. He was captured by the forces of his old antagonist, <mask>, at the war's decisive Battle of Konya in 1832. Campaign in the Diyarbakir Eyalet
He was appointed the Wāli of Diyarbakir Eyalet and Raqqa Eyalet in 1834 and onwards led military campaigns against the local Kurdish tribes Garzan, Bedir Khan and Milli and the Yazidi in Sincar. In 1835 he subdued the Milli tribe in Mardin. In 1836, he defeated, Mire Kor, the ruler from the Emirate of Soran. He died in 1836. Notes and sources

1780 births
1839 deaths
Pashas
Ottoman military personnel of the Greek War of Independence
19th-century Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman people of the Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–1833)
Ottoman prisoners

masks:
Reşid
Mehmed
Pasha
Reşid
Mehmed
Ibrahim Pasha


title: Simona Amânar

texts:
<mask> (; born 7 October 1979) is a Romanian former artistic gymnast. She is a seven-time Olympic and ten-time World Championship medalist. Amânar helped Romania win four consecutive world team titles (1994–1999), as well as the 2000 Olympic team title. She is also the 2000 Olympic all-around champion. She has a vault named after her, one of the most difficult in women's gymnastics, and was inducted into the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame in 2007. Career

1994–1995
In 1994, her first year on the senior national team, Amânar contributed to Romania's team titles at the World and European Championships. Amânar began to excel as an individual performer at the 1995 European Cup, placing second in the all-around behind Svetlana Khorkina of Russia and winning gold on both vault and floor exercise.At the 1995 World Championships, she helped Romania secure its second consecutive world team title and became co-champion on vault (with all-around winner Lilia Podkopayeva of Ukraine). Amânar's powerful floor routine and vaults put her in the lead after two rotations in the all-around, but she dropped to fourth after an average uneven bars routine and a shaky balance beam routine. 1996
Amânar won a silver medal on vault at the 1996 World Championships, behind teammate Gina Gogean and ahead of Cuba's Annia -Hatch. At the 1996 Summer Olympics, Amânar was one of the front-runners for several individual medals, but her Olympics started inauspiciously when she fell off the beam during the compulsories. Though she later posted the highest all-around score in the optionals (39.387, her lowest score being a 9.800 on the


title: Simona Amânar

texts:
 finished ahead of Gogean and Miloşovici. In the event finals, Amânar completed her Strug and added a double turn to fulfill the more stringent Competition III requirements. She earned a 9.850 and the silver medal, behind Podkopayeva and just ahead of Dominique Dawes of the United States. She won the vault final the day before, largely because of her 9.875 score for her double-twisting Yurchenko vault. She left the 1996 Olympics with four medals, including Romania's team bronze. 1997–1999
Romania won its third straight team title at the 1997 World Championships. Amânar again replaced a higher-scoring Marinescu in the all-around competition and won the silver medal behind Russia's Khorkina, followed by a gold medal on vault.In the 1999 World Championships, <mask> led the Romanian team to a fourth consecutive title (there was no Worlds competition in 1998). However, she fell off the bars during the all-around and placed well out of the medals. She also lost her vaulting title to Russia's Elena Zamolodchikova, who dominated that event in the following years due to a more difficult second vault: a double-twisting Tsukahara. <mask> won her only medal of the competition on the floor, taking home the silver behind teammate Andreea Răducan. 2000
At the 2000 Summer Olympics, the Romanians edged out the Russians to take the team title—their first since 1984 and their first ever in a non-boycotted Olympics. In the all-around, the vaulting horse was set too low by the Olympic organizers, and the favorite for the title, Svetlana Khorkina, fell on her signature vault. Several other gymnasts fell or stumbled because of

masks: Amânar Amânar


title: Simona Amânar

texts: the same problem.Many went on to make mistakes on their next event, knowing their medal chances were gone, only to be informed later of the error and their chance to vault again. The three Romanian women either managed to perform well on the faulty vault or vaulted after the mistake had been corrected. They swept the medals, with Răducan winning the gold, <mask> the silver, and Maria Olaru the bronze. Răducan was subsequently found to have used a cold medicine containing a banned substance. Although her results in other events were allowed to stand, she was stripped of her all-around gold medal, which went to Amânar. Initially, Amânar refused to accept the medal, insisting that Răducan had rightfully earned the title. Olaru took the same stance when the silver was awarded to her.However, they eventually reconsidered and decided to bring the medals home to Romania as symbolic victories of the country. Amânar continued to insist, however, that Răducan was the true Olympic all-around champion. In the event finals, Amânar had the opportunity to defend her Olympic vault title from four years earlier. However, she stumbled badly while debuting a new vault (a 2 twisting laid-out Yurchenko, which was then named after her), and did not win a medal. She went on to win bronze on floor exercise after losing points for a step out of bounds on her last tumbling pass. <mask> ranks highly (117th) on the list of most medal gymnasts in the world, with 10 World and 7 Olympic medals. She played a large role in the four consecutive World team titles and Olympic title that established Romania as the top-ranked women's

masks:
Amânar
Legacy Amânar


title: T. J. Reid

texts:
<mask> (born 16 November 1987), known as T. J<mask>, is an Irish hurler who plays for Kilkenny Senior Championship club Ballyhale Shamrocks and at inter-county level with the Kilkenny senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a centre-forward. <mask> began his hurling career at club level with Ballyhale Shamrocks. He broke onto the club's senior team as a 16-year-old goalkeeper in 2004 before later being deployed as an outfield player. <mask> has since played on five All-Ireland Club Championship-winning teams, including as captain in 2015. At inter-county level, <mask> was part of the successful Kilkenny under-21 team that won All-Ireland Championships in 2006 and 2008. He joined the Kilkenny senior team in 2007.Since then <mask> has gone on to establish himself as one of the most dominant forwards of his generation, even though he never captained Kilkennys golden generation to All Ireland glory, and remains the only Kilkenny captain to have lost two all ireland finals to neighbours and arch rivals Tipperary. He has been involved in seven All-Ireland Championship-winning teams with Kilkenny while <mask> has also claimed multiple Leinster Championship and National League

Playing career

St. Kieran's College

<mask> first came to prominence as a hurler with St. Kieran's College in Kilkenny. Having played in every grade as a hurler, he was eventually called up the college's senior team. On 13 March 2004, <mask> was an unused substitute when St. Kieran's College defeated St. Peter's College from Wexford by 0-13 to 1-04 to win the Leinster Championship. On 3 May 2004, he was an unused substitute once again when St. Kieran's College claimed the All-Ireland Championship following a 3-20 to 1-06 defeat of St. Raphael's College from Loughrea..

On 13 March 2005, <mask> lined out at midfield when St. Kieran's College faced St. Brendan's Community School from Birr in the Leinster

masks:
Thomas Joseph Reid
. Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid


title: T. J. Reid

texts:
 final. He scored a point from play and collected a second successive winners' medal - his first on the field of play - following a 1-18 to 1-12 victory. <mask> was switched to left wing-forward for the All-Ireland final against St. Flannan's College from Ennis on 2 May 2005.He scored two points from play but ended on the losing side following a 2-15 to 2-12 defeat. Waterford Institute of Technology

As a student at the Waterford Institute of Technology, <mask> immediately became involved in hurling and joined the senior team in his second year. On 1 March 2008, he lined out at centre-forward in the Fitzgibbon Cup final against the Limerick Institute of Technology. <mask> scored three points from play and claimed a winners' medal following the 1-29 to 1-24 extra-time victory. Ballyhale Shamrocks

Minor and under-21

<mask> joined the Ballyhale Shamrocks club at a young age and played in all grades at juvenile and underage levels. After enjoying little success in the minor grade he was just 15-year-old when he was drafted onto the club's under-21 team. On 7 December 2003, <mask> was selected amongst the substitutes when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced Tullaroan in the Kilkenny Under-21 Championship final.He remained on the bench for the entire game but collected a winners' medal following the 5-09 to 1-09 victory. <mask> was just 16-years-old when he broke onto the club's under-21 team during the 2004 championship. On 21 November 2004, he lined out at right corner-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced Tullaroan in a second successive Kilkenny Under-21 Championship final. <mask> was held scoreless throughout but claimed a second successive winners' medal following the 1-14 to 0-16 victory. Ballyhale Shamrocks qualified for a third successive Kilkenny Under-21 Championship final on 4 December 2005. <mask> claimed a third successive winners' medal - his second on the field of play -

masks: Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid


title: T. J. Reid

texts:
 following a 5-16 to 2-04 defeat of Dicksboro. On 10 December 2006, <mask> was selected at centre-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks reached a fourth successive Kilkenny Under-21 Championship final.He collected a fourth successive winners' medal after scoring five points from play in the 2-17 to 1-04 defeat of Erin's Own. Senior

<mask> was just 16-year-old when he joined the Ballyhale Shamrocks senior team in advance of the 2004 Kilkenny Senior Championship. He made his first appearance for the team on 2 October 2004 when he lined out in goal in a 0-15 to 1-12 draw with O'Loughlin Gaels. <mask> became an outfield player during the 2005 Kilkenny Senior Championship. On 23 October 2005, he lined out at midfield when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced <mask> in the final. <mask> top scored for the team with 1-02 in the 1-18 to 2-12 defeat. On 5 November 2006, <mask> lined out in his second successive final.Playing at left wing-forward, he scored three points from play and claimed his first winners' medal following a 1-22 to 2-11 defeat of O'Loughlin Gaels. On 26 November 2006, <mask> won a Leinster Championship medal after scoring five points from play in Ballyhale's 1-20 to 1-08 defeat of Birr in the final. On 17 March 2007, he was selected at left wing-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced Loughrea in the All-Ireland final. <mask> top scored with 2-02 and claimed a winners' medal following the 3-12 to 2-08 victory. <mask> lined out in a third successive final on 28 October 2007. He top scored with 0-10 in the 1-20 to 1-10 defeat of St. Martin's. <mask> ended the championship as the club's top scorer with 0-24.On 26 October 2008, <mask> was selected at left wing-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks reached a fourth successive final. He scored two points from play and collected a third successive winners' medal after a 2-11 to 0-12 defeat of <mask>. On 30 November 2008, <mask> won a second

masks:
Reid
Reid
Reid
James Stephens
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
James Stephens
Reid


title: T. J. Reid

texts: Leinster Championship medal after scoring 1-01 in Ballyhale's 2-13 to 0-11 defeat of Birr in the final. <mask> was again selected at left wing-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced <mask> in a second consecutive final on 25 October 2009. He scored six points from play and collected a winners' medal as Ballyhale secured a record-equalling four-in-a-row following the 1-14 to 1-11 victory. On 29 November 2009, <mask> won a third Leinster Championship medal following Ballyhale's 1-16 to 1-08 defeat of Tullamore in the final. He was again selected at left wing-forward when Ballyhale faced Portumna in the All-Ireland final on 17 March 2010.<mask> scored three points from play and ended the game with a second All-Ireland medal following the 1-19 to 0-17 victory. On 23 October 2011, <mask> lined out at centre-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced <mask> in the final for the third time in five years. The game ended in an 0-11 to 1-08 draw. <mask> was switched to left wing-forward for the replay a week later but ended on the losing side following a 1-20 to 0-15 defeat. <mask> was appointed captain of the Ballyhale Shamrocks team for the 2014 Kilkenny Senior Championship. On 16 November 2014, he captained the club to a final meeting with Clara. <mask> top scored with ten points and collected a fifth winners' medal following the 1-20 to 1-13 victory.He claimed a fourth Leinster Championship medal on 7 December 2014 after again scoring ten points in a 0-21 to 1-14 extra-time defeat of Kilcormac/Killoughey in the final. On 17 March 2015, <mask> captained Ballyhale Shamrocks to an All-Ireland final-meeting with Kilmallock. He ended the game with a third All-Ireland medal after a 1-18 to 1-06 victory. <mask> played in a seventh final with Ballyhale Shamrocks on 30 October 2016. Lining out at left wing-forward, he ended the game on the losing side after scoring 1-05 in the 0-19 to 1-12

masks:
Reid
James Stephens
Reid
Reid
Reid
James Stephens
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid


title: T. J. Reid

texts:
 defeat by O'Loughlin Gaels. On 28 October 2018, <mask> top scored with 1-10 and claimed his sixth winners' medal when Ballyhale Shamrocks defeated Bennettsbridge by 2-20 to 2-17 to win the Kilkenny Championship. He again top scored with nine points when Ballyhale faced Ballyboden St. Enda's in the Leinster final and ended the game with a fifth provincial winners' medal after the 2-21 to 0-11 victory.<mask> was selected at centre-forward when Ballyhale qualified for the All-Ireland final on 17 March 2019. He collected a fourth winners' medal following the 2-28 to 2-11 victory over St. Thomas's. <mask> was one of six Ballyhale Shamrocks hurlers later chosen on the Team of the Year. On 27 October 2019, <mask> lined out at centre-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced <mask> in the Kilkenny Championship final. He top scored for the team with six points, with all bar one coming from placed balls, and collected a seventh winners' medal after the 2-21 to 1-15 victory. <mask> was also the championship's top scorer with 1-34. On 1 December 2019, he was selected at midfield but lined out at centre-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced St. Mullin's in the Leinster final.<mask> top scored for the team with nine points, including eight from placed balls, and collected a sixth winners' medal following the 1-21 to 0-15 victory. On 18 January 2020, <mask> was selected at left wing-forward when Ballyhale Shamrocks faced Borris-Ileigh in the All-Ireland final. He top scored with 0-08, including five frees, and claimed a record fifth All-Ireland Club Championship medal after the 0-18 to 0-15 victory. <mask> also ended the championship as top scorer with 2-53. Kilkenny

Minor and under-21

<mask> first played for Kilkenny as a member of the minor team during the 2005 Leinster Championship. He made his only appearance in the grade on 25 June 2005 when he scored 1-01 from left wing-forward in a

masks:
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
James Stephens
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid


title: T. J. Reid

texts:
 2-16 to 4-07 defeat by Dublin. <mask> was still eligible for the minor grade when he was drafted onto the Kilkenny under-21 team for the 2005 Leinster Championship.On 20 July 2005, he was an unused substitute when Kilkenny defeated Dublin by 0-17 to 1-10 to win the Leinster Championship. <mask> was again selected amongst the substitutes for the All-Ireland final against Galway on 18 September 2005. He remained on the bench for the 1-15 to 1-14 defeat. <mask> broke onto the Kilkenny under-21 starting fifteen during the 2006 Leinster Championship. On 27 July 2006, he won a second successive Leinster Championship medal - his first on the field of play - after scoring a point in the 2-18 to 2-10 defeat of Dublin in the final. On 10 September 2006, <mask> scored two points from right wing-forward when Kilkenny drew 2-14 apiece with Tipperary in the All-Ireland final. He was switched to left wing-forward for the replay on 16 September 2006 and collected a winners' medal after being held scoreless in the 1-11 to 0-11 victory.On 24 July 2008, <mask> won a third Leinster Championship medal in four years after top scoring for Kilkenny with 1-03 in the 2-21 to 2-09 defeat of Offaly in the final. On 14 September 2008, he lined out at left wing-forward when Kilkenny faced Tipperary in the All-Ireland final. <mask> claimed a second All-Ireland medal following the 2-13 to 0-15 defeat of Tipperary. Senior

<mask> was added to the extended training panel of the Kilkenny senior team at the start of the 2007 season. On 1 July 2007, he won a Leinster Championship medal as a panel member following Kilkenny's 2-24 to 1-12 defeat of Wexford in the final. <mask> was again a member of the extended panel when Kilkenny faced Limerick in the All-Ireland final. He ended the game with a winners' medal following the 2-19 to 1-15 victory.On 17 February 2008, <mask> made his first appearance for the

masks: Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid


title: T. J. Reid

texts: Kilkenny senior team when he lined out at left wing-forward in a 1-21 to 2-10 defeat of Dublin in the National League. He made his Leinster Championship debut on 15 June 2008 when he came on as a substitute for Richie Hogan at right corner-forward in a 2-24 to 0-12 defeat of Offaly. On 6 July 2008, <mask> won his first Leinster Championship medal when he was an unused substitute for Kilkenny's 5-21 to 0-17 defeat of Wexford in the final. On 8 September 2008, he was again on the bench when Kilkenny faced Waterford in a first All-Ireland final since 1963. <mask> was introduced as a substitute for Martin Comerford and claimed his second All-Ireland medal - his first on the field of play - after scoring four points from right win-forward in the 3-30 to 1-13 victory. <mask> won his first National League medal on 3 May 2009 when he scored four points from full-forward in Kilkenny's 2-26 to 4-17 extra-time defeat of Tipperary in the final. On 5 July 2009, he was listed amongst the substitutes when Kilkenny faced Dublin in the Leinster final.<mask> came on as a 51st-minute substitute for Richie Power and collected a third successive winners' medal following the 2-18 to 0-18 victory. On 6 September 2009, he failed to make the starting fifteen when Kilkenny faced Tipperary in the All-Ireland final. <mask> was the first substitute to be called upon, coming on in the 50th minute for Aidan Fogarty, and collected a third successive All-Ireland medal as Kilkenny became only the second team ever to win four All-Ireland titles in-a-row following the 2-22 to 0-23 victory. On 14 January 2010 <mask> was appointed captain of the Kilkenny senior hurling team for the season. On 4 July 2010, he captained Kilkenny to the Leinster Championship title following a 1-19 to 1-12 defeat of Galway. On 5 September 2010, <mask> captained the team from right wing-forward when Kilkenny faced Tipperary in the

masks: Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid


title: T. J. Reid

texts: All-Ireland final. He scored four points from play but ended on the losing side after a 4-17 to 1-18 defeat.On 1 May 2011, <mask> scored five points from midfield when Kilkenny suffered a 0-22 to 1-07 defeat by Dublin in the National League final. On 3 July 2011, he won a fifth consecutive Leinster Championship medal in spite of being held scoreless in Kilkenny's 4-17 to 1-15 defeat of Dublin in the final. <mask> was dropped from the starting fifteen for the All-Ireland final against Tipperary on 4 September 2011. In spite of this, he was the first substitute introduced and claimed a fourth All-Ireland medal after scoring a point in the 2-17 to 1-16 victory. On 6 May 2012, <mask> won a second National League medal after scoring 1-02 from play in Kilkenny's 3-21 to 0-16 defeat of Cork in the final. He was again at centre-forward but held scoreless on 8 July 2012 when Kilkenny suffered a 2-21 to 2-11 defeat by Galway in the Leinster final. On 9 September 2012, <mask> scored two points from centre-forward when Kilkenny drew 2-13 to 0-19 with Galway in the All-Ireland final.He was switched to right corner-forward for the replay on 30 September 2012 and claimed a fifth All-Ireland medal following Kilkenny's 3-22 to 3-11 victory. The game was not without incident as <mask> and Iarla <mask> had an off-the-ball clash resulting in a broken kneecap. He ended the season by being named on the All-Star team. <mask>'s injury lay-off saw him miss Kilkenny's second successive National League triumph following a win over Tipperary in the final. He returned to the Kilkenny team in May 2013 after regaining some match fitness in a series of club games. On 4 May 2014, <mask> was selected at left wing-forward when Kilkenny faced Tipperary in a second successive National League final. He ended the game with a third winners' medal after top scoring with 2-11 in the 2-25 to 1-27 victory.On 6 July

masks: Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Tannian Reid Reid


title: T. J. Reid

texts: 2014, <mask> won a sixth Leinster Championship medal after again top scoring with 0-10 in a 0-24 to 1-09 defeat of Dublin in the final. On 7 September 2014, he was again at left wing-forward and scored 1-08 when Kilkenny drew 3-22 to 1-28 with Tipperary in the All-Ireland final. He was switched to full-forward for the replay on 27 September 2014 and ended the game with a sixth All-Ireland medal following the 2-17 to 2-14 victory. <mask> ended the season by being nominated for the GAA-GPA Hurler of the Year award before collecting a second All-Star award. <mask> won his seventh Leinster Championship medal on 5 July 2015 after top scoring with 1-09 in Kilkenny's 1-25 to 2-15 defeat of Galway in the final. On 6 September 2015, he was again at left wing-forward for the All-Ireland final against Galway. <mask> ended the game with a seventh All-Ireland medal after scoring 1-07 in the 1-22 to 1-18 victory.He ended the season by claiming a third All-Star award as well as being named GAA-GPA Hurler of the Year. <mask> won an eighth Leinster Championship medal on 3 July 2016 after scoring 0-10 in Kilkenny's 1-26 to 0-22 defeat of Galway in the final. He was switched from full-forward to midfield for the All-Ireland final against Tipperary on 4 September 2016. <mask> ended the game on the losing side after scoring 0-11 in the 2-29 to 2-20 defeat. On 8 April 2018, <mask> was at centre-forward when Kilkenny faced Tipperary in the National League final. He ended the game with a fifth winners' medal after top scoring for the team with 0-15 in the 2-23 to 2-17 victory. <mask> was again the game's top scorer with 0-10 when Kilkenny drew 0-18 apiece with Galway in the Leinster final on 1 July 2018.He retained the position for the replay a week later and scored nine points in the 1-28 to 3-15 defeat. <mask> was appointed captain of the Kilkenny senior team for the second time in his career at


title: T. J. Reid

texts:
 the start of the 2019 season, however, his involvement with Ballyhale Shamrocks in the All-Ireland Club Championship ruled him out of the National League. On 30 June 2019, he captained the team from centre-forward when Kilkenny qualified to play Wexford in the Leinster final. <mask> top scored with 0-12 but ended the game on the losing side following a 1-23 to 0-23 defeat. On 18 August 2019, <mask> captained Kilkenny from centre-forward to an All-Ireland final appearance against Tipperary. He  top scored with 0-11 - including ten frees - but again lost the final to <mask> for the second time as Kilkenny captain   following a 3-25 to 0-20 defeat. <mask> ended the year by receiving a fourth All-Star award while he was also shortlisted for the Hurler of the Year award.Leinster

<mask> was added to the Leinster team for the 2012 Inter-provincial Championship. He made his first appearance for the team on 4 March 2012 when he lined out at left corner-forward when Leinster faced Connacht in the Railway Cup final. <mask> was held scoreless but ended the game with a winners' medal following a 2-19 to 1-15 victory. On 1 March 2014, <mask> was selected amongst the substitutes when Leinster faced Connacht in the Railway Cup final. He was introduced as a substitute for Walter Walsh and claimed a second winners' medal following the 1-23 to 0-16 victory. <mask> was a late replacement for Colin Fennelly at full-forward when Leinster faced Munster in the Railway Cup final on 15 December 2016. He top scored for the team with 1-06 but ended on the losing side following a 2-20 to 2-16 defeat.References

External links
T. J<mask> profile at the Kilkenny GAA website

1987 births
Living people
Ballyhale Shamrocks hurlers
Kilkenny inter-county hurlers
Leinster inter-provincial hurlers
Hurling goalkeepers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners
Alumni of Waterford Institute of

masks:
Reid
Reid
Tipp
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
Reid
. Reid


title: Robert Quine

texts:
<mask> (December 30, 1942 – May 31, 2004) was an American guitarist. A native of Akron, Ohio, Quine worked with a wide range of musicians, though he himself remained relatively unknown. Critic Mark Deming wrote that "Quine's eclectic style embraced influences from jazz, rock, and blues players of all stripes, and his thoughtful technique and uncompromising approach led to rewarding collaborations with a number of visionary musicians." His collaborators included Richard Hell & the Voidoids, Lou Reed (notably on The Blue Mask), Brian Eno, John Zorn, Ikue Mori, Marc Ribot, Marianne Faithfull (Strange Weather), Lloyd Cole, Matthew Sweet and Tom Waits. Lester Bangs wrote that he was a "pivotal figure" and "the first guitarist to take the breakthroughs of early Lou Reed and James Williamson and work through them to a new, individual vocabulary, driven into odd places by obsessive attention to On the Corner-era Miles Davis." Quine was ranked 80th by Rolling Stone magazine's David Fricke in his list of "100 Greatest Guitarists". Early life
Quine was born in Akron, Ohio, the son of Rosalie (née Cohen) and <mask>.He was a nephew of philosopher Willard Van Orman <mask>. After graduating from Earlham College in 1965, Quine earned a law degree "out of inertia" from Washington University in St. Louis in 1968. Although he never practiced law and failed the California bar exam on several occasions, Quine wrote tax law textbooks for Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey-based publisher Prentice Hall for three years after moving to New York City in 1971 by virtue of his admission to the Missouri bar in

masks:
Robert Wolfe Quine
Robert Cloyd Quine
Quine


title: Ilvo Diamanti

texts:
<mask> (born Cuneo, September 4, 1952) is an Italian political scientist. Biography
<mask>ti graduated from the University of Padua with a degree in Political Science, and completed his Doctorate in Sociology and Social Research at the University of Trento. He was an assistant professor in methodology of social research in the Faculty of Statistics at the University of Padua and associate professor of Political Sociology at the University of Urbino "Carlo Bo". University of Urbino
He founded and directs the Laboratory of Political and Social Studies in the Faculty of Sociology at the University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" (LaPolis - www.uniurb.it/lapolis), which conducts education and research with a national and international scope. From 2001 to 2003, Diamanti was the coordinator of the Doctorate in Sociology of Cultural Phenomena and Normative Processes. Past accomplishments
Since 1995, Diamanti has taught the course Comparative Political Systems (Régimes Politiques Comparées) within the Master in Political Studies (Études Politiques) at Panthéon-Assas University. From 1999 to 2003, Diamanti was the scientific director of the Fondazione Nord Est in Venice.Diamanti is the scientific director of Demos & Pi (www.demos.it), an institute that conducts ongoing research on Italian society. Projects include the annual report "Gli Italiani e lo stato" (Italians and the State) and the quarterly reports of the "L'Osservatorio sul capitale sociale degli italiani" (Observatory on Italians' Social Capital). Current
Diamanti is currently a full professor of Political Science in the Faculty of

masks:
Ilvo Diamanti
Ilvo Diaman


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts: April 1898; but in January 1899 he had army duty, being commanded to join the Preobrashensky regiment, the first life guards of the Russian Emperor. Released after five months, Hackenschmidt defeated Mr. von Schmelling for the Russian championship of 1899 on 19 May that year. In June 1900, Hackenschmidt entered a forty-day wrestling tournament in Moscow and captured the championships of both Moscow and St. Petersburg.His career as a professional wrestler was on the rise, as he won many tournaments and matches, and in 1901 he won the championship of the world tournament in Vienna as well as a championship of the world tournament at the Casino de Paris. He won tournaments everywhere he wrestled, and toured England in 1903 managed by the flamboyant C. B. Cochran to confront the country's best wrestlers in the new catch-as-catch-can style which was becoming popular. They created a music hall boom in professional wrestling, and Hackenschmidt became a major superstar and drawing card. He wrestled in opera halls, music halls and theaters. As the wrestling boom took hold in England and wrestlers came in from all around the world for the grand tournaments that had become the rage, he remained the dominant grappler, rather easily defeating every man he met. Cochran polished his act until Hackenschmidt was a major showstopper. He might take on five wrestlers in the same evening, defeating them all with ease.Handsome as well as beautifully built, <mask> was adored by women and admired by men, and became the darling of society. Personally


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts: a soft-spoken, cultured and intellectual young man, he could speak seven languages fluently and became a noted author, speaker and philosopher. Hackenschmidt moved well in social circles and was a credit to the sport. United States President Theodore Roosevelt, himself a proponent of physical culture and exercise, proclaimed, "If I wasn't president of the United States, I would like to be <mask>chmidt". Hackenschmidt continued touring England and defeated the local favorites Tom Cannon, Tom Connors, Tom MacInerney and Tom Clayton- However, when he defeated the Italian Antonio Pieri twice, Pieri sought revenge by trying to find a wrestler who could beat him. He thought he had found such a man in Ahmed Madrali, called the "Terrible Turk", who tangled with Hackenschmidt at the Olympia in London on 30 January 1904. Because of all the ballyhoo, traffic was jammed from the Olympia back to Piccadilly, and the Olympia was packed.<mask> picked up Madrali and threw him down onto his arm, dislocating his shoulder. The contest had lasted about two minutes. Madrali recovered, and the two would face each other again, with Hackenschmidt winning just as easily. On 2 July at the Royal Albert Hall, Hackenschmidt faced the American heavyweight champion Tom Jenkins, a vastly underrated wrestler who would prove to be Hackenschmidt's toughest opponent to date, under Greco-Roman rules. Nevertheless, he pinned Jenkins in two straight falls. Hackenschmidt left Cochran's management to tour Australia where he defeated, amongst others, the Australian

masks:
George Hans
Hackenschmidt


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts:
 Cornish wrestling champion Deli Nelson in 1905. He then sailed to the United States for an extended tour and a rematch with Jenkins at the Madison Square Garden under catch-as-catch-can rules, which Hackenschmidt by now preferred.Jenkins put up a hard battle, but <mask> again won in two straight falls, the first in 31 minutes, 14 seconds, and the second in 22 minutes, 4 seconds, and could now claim to be the rightful free-style heavyweight champion of the world. He then wrestled in Canada, did some sightseeing and returned to England for a long list of music hall engagements. Hackenschmidt defeated the Scottish champion Alexander Munro and Madrali in a return bout at the Olympia, and on 6 February 1908, defeated the American wrestler Joe Rogers in straight falls inside of 14 minutes. He then sailed to the United States to fulfill his obligation to meet a new challenger from Iowa by the name of Frank Gotch. Rivalry with Frank Gotch

Wrestling historian Mike Chapman wrote, "In all of athletic history, there are a mere handful of rivalries between individual stars that have become almost as large as the sport itself. In boxing, such matchups as Sullivan–Corbett, Dempsey–Tunney, Louis–Conn and Ali–Frazier are a part of boxing folklore. In wrestling, there is only one: Gotch–Hackenschmidt".After defeating Jenkins in 1905, <mask> held the world title and remained undefeated until he and Frank Gotch finally squared off on 3 April 1908, at the Dexter Park Pavilion in Chicago. Showing his contempt for Gotch and for American wrestling

masks: Hackenschmidt Hackenschmidt


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts: strength.<mask> quit the fall. "I surrender the championship of the world to Mr. Gotch", he said, and stood up and shook Gotch's hand. The wrestlers then retired to their dressing rooms before coming out for the second fall, but Hackenschmidt refused to return to the ring, telling the referee to declare Gotch the winner, thereby relinquishing his title to him. Although he at first called Gotch "the greatest man by far I ever met", and explained how his muscles had become stale and his feet had given out, and that he knew he could not win and therefore conceded the match, Hackenschmidt later reversed his opinion of Gotch and Americans in general, claiming to have been fouled by Gotch and victimized in America, and calling for a rematch in Europe. <mask> and Gotch met again on 4 September 1911, at the newly opened Comiskey Park in Chicago, which drew a crowd of nearly 30,000 spectators and a record gate of $87,000. The rematch is one of the most controversial and talked about matches in professional wrestling history, as Hackenschmidt claimed to have injured his knee against Roller, his chief training partner. Years later, professional wrestler Ad Santel told Lou Thesz that he was paid $5,000 by Gotch's backers to cripple Hackenschmidt in training, and make it look like an accident.However, according to <mask> himself, the injury was accidentally inflicted by his sparring partner, Roller, when trying to hold Hackenschmidt down onto his knees in the down position. Roller's right foot struck Hackenschmidt's right knee, which in


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts:
 1904 had developed "Housemaid's Knee", requiring treatment, and had acted up again in 1907. Furthermore, according to <mask>, his sparring partners for this match were Americus (Gus Schoenlein), Jacobus Koch, Wladek Zbyszko and Dr. Roller. Ad Santel is not mentioned in any account of Hackenschmidt's training by either Hackenschmidt or Roller, both of whom offered their insights and accounts. Whatever the case may be, Dr. Roller did not consider the injury to be serious, and referee Ed Smith dismissed it as inconsequential. Hackenschmidt himself ignored it completely in declaring, the day before the match, that he was "fit to wrestle for my life" and was "satisfied with my condition and confident of the outcome". However, Gotch, tearing into Hackenschmidt with a vengeance, discovered the weakness quickly and took advantage of it.<mask> was easy prey for Gotch, losing in straight falls in only 20 minutes. Gotch clinched the match with his feared toe hold, which forced Hackenschmidt to quit. Retirement and writing career
Following his second defeat at the hands of Gotch, upon returning to England, Hackenschmidt was preparing for a match with Stanislaus Zbyszko to take place the following June, but when he began working out he felt such pain in his right knee that it was painful even to walk. It necessitated surgery, but Hackenschmidt decided at that point to retire and pursue his other interests in philosophy, physical culture and gardening. Hackenschmidt was a pioneer in the field of weightlifting. He invented the exercise


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts:
 known as the hack squat, whose name is a reference to his own. Hackenschmidt also helped to popularize many other types of lifts common within the modern training regimen, such as the bench press.During his career, he established numerous weightlifting records, which were improved upon by others in ensuing decades. Hackenschmidt was an educated and cultured man who spoke seven languages. He went on to write books, including Complete Science of Wrestling (1909), Man and Cosmic Antagonism to Mind and Spirit (1935), Fitness and Your Self (1937), Consciousness and Character: True Definitions of Entity, Individuality, Personality, Nonentity (1937), The Way to Live in Health and Physical Fitness (1941), and The Three Memories and Forgetfulness: What They Are and What Their True Significance Is in Human Life. He also taught physical education to members of the House of Lords and served as a judge at the 1948 Mr. Universe show in London won by John Grimek. His book Man and Cosmic Antagonism to Mind and Spirit was the personal philosophy he developed while interned as a prisoner-of-war in Germany. Hackenschmidt was already hospitalized at St. Francis Hospital in Dulwich, a suburb of London, when he died on 19 February 1968. He was 90 years old.He was cremated at West Norwood Cemetery, where his memorial plaque records him as <mask>chmidt. Personal life
Hackenschmidt became a naturalized French citizen in 1939, and then became a British subject in 1946. He lived with his French wife Rachel in South Norwood, London. He was a great


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts:
 friend with famous magician Harry Houdini and playwright <mask> Shaw. As he aged, Hackenschmidt also expressed a high regard for his old opponent, Tom Jenkins, by then the wrestling coach at the United States Military Academy at West Point. Hack visited Jenkins in 1939 and the two got along splendidly, with Jenkins accommodating Hackenschmidt in his home and giving him a tour of the West Point training facilities. In their mutual admiration society, they never publicly expressed any credit to Frank Gotch, and Hackenschmidt spent the rest of his life complaining about Gotch's foul tactics and his knee injury in explaining his "inexplicable" losses.Diet
Throughout his life, Hackenschmidt paid strict attention to his diet. According to historian Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska, during his career in the ring Hackenschmidt promoted a largely vegetarian diet of "fresh, uncooked food and nuts". He abstained from alcohol, coffee and tobacco and advised moderation in sexual intercourse. In 1925, Charles B. Cochran recounted that he once invited Hackenschmidt to dine at his flat in Piccadilly. Cochran noted that Hackenschmidt ate "eight or nine eggs, a porterhouse-steak, and a whole Camembert cheese". Journalist Maurice Richardson commented that Hackenschmidt was a considerable meat eater during the height of his wrestling career and would eat steak and half a dozen eggs as a snack but did not eat tinned foods. In opposition to this, sportswriter Lew Freedman has written that Hackenschmidt rarely ate meat and did not like cooked


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts:
 food.<mask> is alleged to have written that he consumed eleven pints of milk a day for training. However, this was later disputed. Hackenschmidt told Atholl Oakeley that the quantity of milk prescribed had been a misprint. After retiring from the ring, Hackenschmidt became a strict vegetarian. In The Concise Encyclopedia of Western Philosophy, it stated that Hackenschmidt developed a "system of philosophy based on the values of spirituality, vegetarianism and self-control." His vegetarian diet of fresh uncooked foods avoided "everything which has been artificialised in any way". He remained physically fit well into old age, and at 56 he could jump over a 4-foot, 6-inch high board ten times.Even through his mid-80s, he would jump fifty times over a chair once a week, bench press 150 pounds and run seven miles in 45 minutes. Wrestling style and persona
In his entire professional wrestling career, Hackenschmidt engaged in about 3,000 matches, losing only two. Powerfully built, Hackenschmidt's measurements for his 1905 match with Alexander Munro were: age – 28; weight – 204 pounds; height – 5′, 9½″; reach – 75″; biceps – 19″; forearm – 15½″; neck – 22″; chest – 52″; waist – 34″; thigh – 26¾″; calf – 18″. He also rose to prominence when the governing style of wrestling was the slower, more ponderous Greco-Roman style that emphasized muscle power more than speed, agility and ring generalship, and involved holds only above the waist. Being bulkier of build than his sleeker opponents, and slower of movement, Hackenschmidt's style


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts: and temperament were not geared as much to the newly popular catch-as-catch-can style. Hackenschmidt was a natural showman, he was honest, straightforward and serious, and he would finish off his opponents quickly. His manager C. B. Cochran had to convince him to extend his matches and put on a show, which in turn ensured more bookings and sold-out shows.This did not mean the matches were fake, as excluding exhibitions, his matches were all on the level, but he might allow a local wrestler to last ten minutes and collect his £25 prize, and set up a highly publicized match for later in the week, where he would defeat his foe handily. Unlike many other professional wrestlers, including Frank Gotch, <mask> was never mean, vindictive or unnecessarily rough in the ring, "contrasting his physical prowess and fighting skills with a quietness of spirit", David Gentle explained. "<mask>chmidt was the epitome of calm, self-assurance and inner peace, with full awareness of his own capabilities and thus like all masters of combat found no need for machoism or outward aggression. His tactic to win was skill and speed, born of confidence in his own ability and fighting prowess". However, he had three weaknesses. Against a first-class opponent, of whom he faced extremely few, he could be slow to adapt. Gotch reported after their first match that "every move the Russian made he telegraphed me in advance, which shows that he thinks too slowly".Hackenschmidt was also given to depression and irascibility. When he came to Chicago to train for

masks:
Hackenschmidt
George Hackens


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts: his first match with Gotch, promoter Jack Curley had arranged for Hackenschmidt to work out every day before a paying public, which Hackenschmidt refused to do. Barred from the athletic club, he spent his time before the match either exercising in his room or taking morning and evening walks along Lake Michigan, but no serious workouts. The more depressed he got, the more difficult he was to work with, and this all worked against him because, for the first time in his professional career, Hackenschmidt faced a foe fully capable of defeating him. Finally, and worst of all, in both matches with Gotch, Hackenschmidt was accused of lack of heart. Referee Ed Smith, following the 1908 match, said that "deep down in my own mind, I decided that <mask>chmidt had quit – quit quite cold, as a matter of fact – because there was nothing about Gotch's treatment of him in that first encounter that could by a stretch of the imagination call for a disqualification. There was some face-mauling, just as there always is ... but at no time did the vaunted Hackenschmidt ever make a serious move toward slapping down his opponent, never showed much in the wrestling line during the entire two hours... Again, I say, that as the referee of that match, I thought that the 'Russian Lion' quit".Following the 1911 rematch, one newspaper described Gotch's easy victory and then added that "in the parlance of the sporting world, Hackenschmidt is yellow ... He quit when his position became dangerous". Perhaps the most frustrated was Hackenschmidt's second, Dr.


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts:
 Benjamin Roller, who himself had lost several times to Gotch, but had displayed the utmost gameness and courage. "Hack did not get started", Roller explained. "That's largely a matter of gameness". Hackenschmidt's injuries had not been serious enough, Roller felt. "I have tried my best to make a winner out of him and put him into the ring in the best possible condition, but ... gameness is something you can not put into a man".Legacy
The years spanning Hackenschmidt's professional career are called the Golden Age of professional wrestling. Not only were professional wrestling matches mostly honestly contested, but wrestling was the most popular sport on every continent. However, it was Hackenschmidt who brought professional wrestling its great popularity in the United Kingdom, and it was he and Gotch together who brought it to entirely new heights around the world. "The Hackenschmidt-Gotch matches were the pinnacle of professional wrestling during the time period and received much attention from media, fans, and celebrities", Andrew Malnoske observed. "They were even described in the 1937 book Fall Guys – The Barnums of Bounce by famed writer Marcus Griffen. To this day, the Chicago Public Library receives requests to view the newspaper accounts and files on the bouts." As Mark Palmer pointed out, "For starters, <mask> and Frank Gotch were major sports superstars of the early 20th century.Fans of all ages collected cabinet cards and postcards with their images, read their books, and devoured articles about them in


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts: newspapers. Their epic matches were front-page news around the world – akin to today's World Cup in terms of garnering global attention – and helped to launch organized amateur wrestling in the United States in the early part of the 20th century. In fact, a large number of high school and college wrestling programs can trace their roots back to the 1910s and 1920s – the era when Hackenschmidt and Gotch were still household names, and highly respected athletes". Having already made his mark in bodybuilding, Hackenschmidt caused the major surge in the popularity of professional wrestling in England, and he was considered unbeatable. However, Hackenschmidt probably would not be so well remembered today were it not for two things: 1) his enormous standing in the world of physical culture, and 2) his two defeats at the hands of Frank Gotch. Hackenschmidt remained in the public eye because he had become an icon in the world of physical culture, a legendary bodybuilder as well as health addict, and a world champion wrestler central to a movement that was now increasingly popular. He spoke and published widely on a wide range of subjects, but most notably on health and fitness.His most popular book was the classic The Way To Live, the last words of which read, "Throughout my whole career I have never bothered as to whether I was a champion or not a champion; The only title I have desired to be known by is simply my name – <mask>chmidt". However, it was his matches with Gotch that ensured the growing popularity of catch-as-catch-can


title: George Hackenschmidt

texts:
 wrestling over the more laborious Greco-Roman that had previously dominated, and this is the style that enjoys popularity at all scholastic levels, private clubs and the Olympics to this day. Hackenschmidt was a major reason for this. The H. J. Lutcher Stark Center for Physical Culture and Sports at the Todd-McLean Library and Special Collections in Austin, Texas, has a digitized version of a nearly 600-page scrapbook owned for decades by Hackenschmidt and bequeathed by his widow Rachel. The international Georg Hackenschmidt Memorial in Greco-Roman wrestling has been held in Tartu since 1969. Championships and accomplishments
 Greco-Roman wrestling
 European Greco-Roman Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 Professional wrestling
 French Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 World Heavyweight Wrestling Championship (1 time)
<mask>/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame
Class of 2003
International Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame
Class of 2021
 Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
 Class of 2002
 Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 1996)
 WWE
 WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2016)

References

Cited sources

Further reading

External links

 Wrestling Museum profile
 Wrestling-titles.com profile

1877 births
1968 deaths
Sportspeople from Tartu
People from Kreis Dorpat
Baltic German people of the Russian Empire
Estonian people of Baltic German descent
Estonian people of Swedish descent
19th century professional wrestlers
20th century professional wrestlers
Estonian


title: Philip Dimmitt

texts: <mask> (1801–1841) was an officer in the Texian Army during the Texas Revolution. Born in Kentucky, <mask> moved to Texas in 1823 and soon operated a series of trading posts. After learning that Mexican General Martín Perfecto de Cos was en route to Texas in the year 1835 (??) to quell the unrest, <mask> proposed that the general be kidnapped on his arrival at Copano. The plan was shelved when fighting broke out at Gonzales, but by early October, 1835, it had been resuscitated by a group of volunteers at Matamoros. Not knowing that Cos had already departed for San Antonio de Bexar, this group decided to corner Cos at Presidio La Bahia in Goliad. <mask> joined them en route, and participated in the battle of Goliad.Following the battle, <mask> assumed command of the Texian forces that remained at Presidio La Bahia. One of his first acts as commander was to design a new flag. Similar to the Mexican flag, his version replaced the central eagle with the words "Constitution of 1824", reflecting his loyalty to the Constitution of 1824, which had been repudiated by Mexican President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. Against the wishes of the commander of the Texian Army, <mask> also authorized a group of his men to take Fort Lipantitlan. Their success meant that the only remaining group of Mexican soldiers in Texas were Cos's men in Bexar. <mask> and a few of his men left Goliad in early December to join the siege of Bexar and participated in the final battle which forced Cos to surrender. On their return to Goliad, <mask>'s men declared independence from Mexico.In honor of their new aim, Dimmitt designed a second flag, a white background with a severed, bloody arm holding a sword. The new Texian Army commanders and the provisional government were angry with the premature declaration and instructed <mask> to lower his flag. He resigned his command in protest. Soon after, Dimmitt joined the Texians garrisoned at the Alamo Mission in Bexar. On February 23, Alamo

masks:
Philip Dimmitt
Dimmitt
Dimmitt
Dimmitt
Dimmitt
Dimmitt
Dimmitt
Dimmitt
Dimmitt


title: Philip Dimmitt

texts:
 commander William B. Travis sent <mask> on a scouting mission to see if the Mexican Army was close. While <mask> was out, the Mexican Army surrounded Bexar. Fearing that he would not be able to reach the Alamo, <mask> instead returned to Victoria and tried to recruit volunteers to ride to the Alamo's relief.He and his volunteers eventually joined the Texian Army, under Sam Houston on April 22, the day after the battle of San Jacinto. Following the war, <mask> opened a trading post near the Nueces River. The post was raided by Mexican soldiers in July 1841 and <mask>it County, Texas is named for him. Early life

<mask> was born about 1801 in Jefferson County, Kentucky. In 1823, he moved to the Mexican province of Texas.For several years he lived in San Antonio de Bexar, where he worked as a commissary contractor for the Mexican soldiers garrisoned at the Alamo Mission. After marrying Maria Luisa Lazo, <mask> settled near Guadalupe Victoria in the colony of Martín De León. He supported his family by operating three trading posts. One was located near Victoria on the Guadalupe River. A second was at Goliad. The largest, which included a wharf and a warehouse, was at <mask>'s Landing on Lavaca Bay. In 1835, <mask> purchased land in the Power and Hewetson colony, but he continued to live near Victoria.Texas Revolution

Goliad
After the Anahuac Disturbances of June 1835, Mexican President Antonio López de Santa Anna sent his brother-in-law, General Martín Perfecto de Cos to quell the unrest in Texas. Cos landed at Copano on September 20 and arrived in Goliad on October 2. As early as September 18] <mask>, along with James Fannin and John Linn, had begun advocating a plan to seize Cos at either Copano or Goliad. The plan was abandoned in late September as instead colonists flocked to Gonzales, where the Texas Revolution officially began on October 2. On October 6, members of the Texian militia in Matagorda, under George Collinsworth,  decided to implement

masks: Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmittmm Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt


title: Philip Dimmitt

texts: <mask>'s plan and march on Presidio La Bahía in Goliad. They intended to kidnap Cos and hold him for ransom. If possible, they also wished to steal the estimated $50,000 that was rumored to accompany Cos.When Collinsworth and his men stopped in Victoria to recruit more men for their expedition, <mask> joined, along with at least 30 other settlers. One of <mask>'s contacts in Goliad informed him that Cos had already departed for San Antonio de Bexar, leaving only a small number of troops to defend Goliad. The Texian force continued on to Goliad, and after a brief fight gained control of the presidio. Although the battle had ended, over the next several days more Texian settlers joined the group at La Bahía. Stephen F. Austin, commander of the newly formed Texian Army, ordered that 100 men remain at Goliad under <mask>'s command, while the rest should join the Texian Army in marching on Cos's troops in Béxar. Early in his tenure, he designed the flag that eventually became most associated with the Texas Revolution. His design began with the green, white, and red tricolor of the Mexican flag, but replaced the central eagle with the words "Constitution of 1824", or sometimes just "1824".This signified that the Texians were fighting to uphold the Constitution of 1824, which Santa Anna had nullified. By November, the Texas provisional government had ordered that all ships in the Texas Navy fly this flag. In a letter to Austin dated October 15, <mask> proposed an attack on Fort Lipantitlán, whose capture would "secure the frontier, provide a vital station for defense, create instability among the centralists, and encourage Mexican federalists". The Mexican soldiers at Fort Lipantitlán intimidated the settlers in nearby San Patricio, leaving them afraid to openly support the federalists who defied Mexican president Antonio López de Santa Anna. Two of <mask>'s men, John Wiliams and John Toole, had been captured on October 10 and 11 carrying missives to the

masks: Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt


title: Philip Dimmitt

texts: federalist leaders in San Patricio and were imprisoned at Lipantitlán. Austin did not order an assault, and an angry <mask> wrote on October 27 that Williams and Toole had been sent to Matamoros, beyond the reach of the Texians. <mask> chose to act without orders from Austin and on October 31 sent Adjutant Ira Westover with a force of 35 men to take Fort Lipantitlán.Following the Battle of Lipantitlan, the Texians had defeated all of the Mexican forces within Texas except those commanded by Cos at Bexar. Without an easy means of communication with Matamoros in the Mexican interior, Cos was unable to quickly request or receive reinforcements or supplies. According to historian Bill Groneman, this likely contributed to Cos's defeat in the siege of Bexar. The removal of Mexican army oversight encouraged the federalists in San Patricio to become more active. These men soon gained control of the municipal government, formed a militia, and elected delegates to represent them at the Consultation, which served as a provisional Texas government. <mask> was temporarily relieved of his command on November 18, 1835 after an incident involving Agustín Viesca, the deposed governor of Coahuila y Tejas. Veisca had been relieved of his duties and imprisoned after questioning Santa Anna's centralist policies.He escaped from prison and made his way to Texas, where he was discovered by Westover's men as they returned from Fort Lipantitlan. Westover took the governor to Goliad, where <mask> treated him courteously but refused to recognize his authority as governor. By this time, <mask> had decided that he preferred complete independence from Texas rather than a return to the previous Mexican constitution. Austin, who believed Texas was fighting for the Constitution of 1824, immediately removed <mask> from office. <mask>'s men voted to keep him as their commander and released several resolutions in protest of Austin's action. In early December, <mask> and a few of his

masks: Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt


title: Philip Dimmitt

texts:
 men joined Austin's army at Bexar, where they participated in the final fighting at the siege of Bexar. They returned to Goliad about December 14.On his return, <mask> designed a new flag. This flag had a white background and featured a severed, bloody arm holding a sword. It is thought to be the first flag advocating Texas's full independence from Mexico. The flag was raised over Presidio La Bahia after the garrison approved and signed the Goliad Declaration of Independence. Many members of the government, as well as acting army commanders Frank W. Johnson and James Grant demanded that the flag be lowered. An angry <mask> resigned his command in mid-January 1836. Alamo
About January 24, <mask> and thirty volunteers arrived in San Antonio de Bexar to reinforce the Texians garrisoned at the Alamo.He was named army storekeeper. Additional reinforcements from the regular army arrived on February 3, under the command of William B. Travis. Many of <mask>'s men left after their arrival, but <mask> remained and worked as a scout. Early in the morning of February 23, local townspeople warned Travis that the Mexican army was very near to Bexar. Travis assigned one of his men to stand lookout in the bell tower of the San Fernando Church and warn him if Mexican soldiers appeared. Travis then asked  Dimitt and Lieutenant Benjamin Noble to try to locate the Mexican army. At approximately 2:30 that afternoon the church bell began to ring as the lookout claimed to have seen flashes in the distance.Although Travis could still see nothing, since Dimitt and Noble had not returned he sent John Sutherland and John W. Smith on horseback to scout the area where the flashes had been seen. Within  of the town, they saw the troops of the Delores Cavalry and returned to Bexar at a run. The Texians were completely unprepared for the arrival of the Mexican army, and scrambled about to gather food and supplies for the anticipated siege. By late afternoon Bexar was completely

masks: Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt Dimmitt