title: Charlotte Forten Grimké

texts:
 in The Liberator and Anglo African magazines. During the American Civil War, <mask> was the first black teacher to join the mission to the South Carolina Sea Islands known as the Port Royal Experiment. The Union allowed Northerners to set up schools to begin teaching freedmen who remained on the islands, which had been devoted to large plantations for cotton and rice. <mask> was the first African American to teach at the Penn School (now the Penn Center) on St. Helena's Island, South Carolina. The school was initially founded to teach enslaved African-American children and eventually African-American children freed during the U.S. Civil War.The Union forces divided the land, giving freedmen families plots to work independently. Forten worked with many freedmen and their children on St. Helena Island. During this time, she resided at Seaside Plantation. She chronicled this time in her essays, entitled "Life on the Sea Islands," which were published in Atlantic Monthly in the May and June issues of 1864. <mask> struck up a deep friendship with Robert Gould Shaw, the Commander of the all-black 54th Massachusetts Regiment during the Sea Islands Campaign. She was present when the 54th stormed Fort Wagner on the night of July 18, 1863. Shaw was killed in the battle, and <mask> volunteered as a nurse to the surviving members of the 54th.Following the war in the late 1860s, she worked for the U.S. Treasury Department in Washington, DC, recruiting teachers. In 1872, <mask> taught at Paul Laurence Dunbar High School. One year later, she became a clerk in the Treasury Department. Marriage and family

In December 1878, <mask> married Presbyterian minister Francis J<mask>, pastor of the prominent Fifteenth Street

masks:
Forten
Forten
Forten
Forten
Forten
Forten
. Grimké


title: Charlotte Forten Grimké

type: original

texts:
 Presbyterian Church in Washington, D.C., a major African-American congregation. He was a mixed-race nephew of white abolitionists Sarah and <mask> of South Carolina. Francis and his brother <mask> were the sons of <mask> and Nancy Weston (a woman of color). At the time of their marriage, <mask> was 41 years old and Grimké was 28.On January 1, 1880, <mask> and Francis' daughter Theodora Cornelia <mask> was born, but the child died less than five months later. <mask> <mask> assisted her husband in his ministry, helping create important networks in the community, including providing charity and education. Many church members were leaders in the African-American community in the capital. She organized a women's missionary group and focused on "racial uplift" efforts. When Francis' brother Archibald Grimke was appointed as U.S. consul in the Dominican Republic (1894–98), Francis and <mask> cared for his daughter Angelina Weld <mask>, who lived with them in the capital. <mask> later became an author in her own right. Details of <mask> <mask>'s health and travels during the 1880s and 1890s are documented in the recently discovered letters of Louisa M. Jacobs, daughter of fugitive-slave-narrative author Harriet Ann Jacobs.The <mask>ke House in Washington, D.C., is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Writings
<mask> <mask>'s last literary effort was in response to The Evangelist editorial, "Relations of Blacks and Whites: Is There a Color Line in New England?" It asserted that blacks were not discriminated against in New England society. <mask> <mask> responded that black Americans achieved success over extraordinary social odds, and they simply wanted fair and respectful treatment. <mask> <mask> was

masks:
Angelina Grimké
Archibald Grimké
Henry Grimké
Forten
Charlotte
Grimké
Charlotte Forten
Grimké
Charlotte
Grimké
Angelina Grimké
Charlotte Forten
Grimké
Charlotterim
Charlotte Forten
Grimké
Forten
Grimké
Charlotte Forten
Grimké


title: Charlotte Forten Grimké

texts:
 a regular journal writer until she returned north after teaching in South Carolina. After her return, her entries were less frequent, although she wrote about her daughter's death and her busy life with her husband. Her journals are a rare example of documents detailing the life of a free black female in the antebellum North.In her diary on December 14, 1862, <mask> made a reference to "the blues" as a sad or depressed state of mind. She was teaching in South Carolina at the time and wrote that she came home from a church service "with the blues" because she "felt very lonesome and pitied myself." She soon got over her sadness and later noted certain songs, including one called Poor Rosy, that were popular among the slaves. <mask> admitted that she could not describe the manner of singing but she did write that the songs "can't be sung without a full heart and a troubled spirit." Those conditions inspired countless blues songs and could be described as the essence of blues singing. See also

References

Bibliography
 Billington, Ray, ed., The Journal of Charlotte Forten: A Free Negro in the Slave Era, New York: Norton, 1981. Randall, Willard Sterne and Nahra, Nancy.Forgotten Americans:  Footnote Figures who Changed American History. Perseus Books Group, United States, 1998. Shockley, Ann Allen, Afro-American Women Writers 1746–1933: An Anthology and Critical Guide, New Haven, Connecticut: Meridian Books, 1989. Stevenson, Brenda, ed., The Journals of Charlotte Forten, New York: Oxford Press, 1988. Winch, Julie, A Gentleman of Color: The Life of <mask>, New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. External links
 "Journal of <mask>en, Free Woman of Color", Selections from 1854 to 1859 (age 16 to 21), National

masks:
Forten
Forten
James Forten
Charlotte Fort


title: Barry Valentine

texts:
<mask> (26 September 1927 – 16 October 2009) was bishop of the Diocese of Rupert's Land in the Anglican Church of Canada from 1970 to 1982. <mask>'s episcopacy was "transformational and visionary." Birth and education
<mask> was born in Essex, England He was educated at Brentwood School and St John's College, Cambridge. He received an honours degree in history and divinity at St. John's College in 1949. He received a licentiate in theology from the Montreal Diocesan Theological College in 1951, and a bachelor of divinity at McGill University in 1951. He later received a master's degree from St. John's College, in Cambridge, and a doctor of divinity at St John's College in Winnipeg. Career as priest

<mask> was ordained a priest in the Anglican Diocese of Montreal in 1952.He began his career as a priest as a curate at Christ Church Cathedral, Montreal and then the incumbent at Chateauguay-Beauharnois, Quebec. He was Director of Religious Education for the Diocese of Montreal then Rector of Saint Lambert. Later he became Dean of Montreal serving in that capacity until he was ordained to the episcopate as the ninth Bishop of the Diocese of Rupert's Land in 1970. An Anglican Bishops' Group Life Laboratory was held 30 July – 10 August 1963, at the Episcopal Theological School, Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Laboratory was jointly sponsored by Anglican Church of Canada and the Protestant Episcopal Church. <mask> served as one of the twelve members of the staff. Career as bishop

<mask> was consecrated Bishop Coadjutor on 24 June 1969, and became Diocesan Bishop in 1970.<mask>'s episcopacy was <mask>'s episcopacy was "transformational and visionary." In his twelve years as bishop, <mask> "transformed" the Diocese of Rupert's Land in the following ways:
<mask> started

masks:
Barry Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine


title: Barry Valentine

texts:
 Diocesan Festivals that "brought together people from all areas of the diocese for education and fellowship." "During his episcopacy, baptised children were admitted to communion." <mask> was instrumental in the reactivation of "theological education" at St John's College, Winnipeg. He encouraged clergy to engage in lifelong education and developed a sabbatical leave policy to enable them to do so. <mask> instituted the Annual Clergy Residential Conference which continues under the name of Clergy and Lay Professionals Residential Conference. He was instrumental in establishing the Rupert’s Land Capital Fund to "make grants and loans to the Synod of the Diocese of Rupert's Land and to its parishes or other institutions."In 1978, he performed the first ordinations of women in Rupert's Land. <mask> met regularly with leaders of other denominations, which led to Anglican-Roman Catholic clergy gatherings. From 27 February to 3 March 1978, there was a meeting sponsored by the Anglican Consultative Council and the Roman Catholic Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity. There were five members from each sponsoring group. Bishop <mask> was one of the five from the Anglican Communion and served as co-chairman for the meeting. Lambeth Conference
<mask> attended the 1978 Lambeth Conference of Anglican bishops in England. While there he played on a cricket team of bishops attending the Conference.<mask> was the big scorer for his winning team. He used a cricket swing he had perfected while he was a student at Cambridge University. <mask> wrote one of the forty articles written for the bishops who would attend the 1978 Lambeth Conference. His article was on "Women in the Ministry," In his article, <mask> showed that "many of the caring, pastoring, supportive aspects of

masks: Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine


title: Barry Valentine

texts:
 ministry are basically feminine attitudes." He argued that "a proper affirmation of the femininity of ministry" is essential "to a balanced experience for the church." <mask>'s self-assessment
In his tenth year as bishop, <mask> told the Rupert's Land News that he counted among his most important achievements "the quality of openness in our decision making, in our relationships, in our commitment and in our participation, which is of fundamental importance for our community and for our mission in ministry." Attitude toward homosexuality
Concerning a homosexual candidate for ordination, <mask> said that he would consider "exactly the same [factors] as if he were heterosexual."In deciding a candidate's suitability for the priesthood, <mask> said that his homosexuality would be of "no significance whatsoever." Accused in sex scandal
In 1986, a priest in the Diocese of Rupert's Land pleaded guilty to sexual molestation of a 13-year-old boy. The boy's family said that earlier complaints about the priest had been made to Bishop <mask> and that the bishop had done nothing. <mask>, who in 1986 had retired from Rupert's Land, said that he had received "only one" complaint and that he had immediately removed the priest as director of a diocesan summer camp. Retirement
Bishop <mask> was only 55 in 1982 when he retired. He said that he did so "because I don't think it's a good idea for people to have the same bishop for too many years." He added that while he was in office, he "tried to stir up and share whatever gifts the Lord has given me; now, I truly believe, the time has come for me to offer you the gift of my absence."In one of his sermons as a retired bishop, <mask> said something that was quoted online in 2015: "I want to be the kind of listener who listens so deeply I


title: Barry Valentine

texts:
 risk allowing you to change my mind." In 1985 <mask> was made an assistant bishop in the Episcopal Diocese of Maryland, where he served until he was abruptly fired by Bishop Theodore Eastman in 1988. Another version of the event says that <mask> "stepped down under difficult circumstances." In 1997, <mask> served at St. Paul's, K Street, in Washington, D.C. "as interim rector (clergyman in charge)". When the episcopal visit of a female bishop upset the parish, <mask> helped the parish calm down. Musician
<mask> first played the organ for a service in an Anglican church at the age of thirteen. He was at one time, both organist at McGill University and assistant organist at the Cathedral of the Anglican Diocese of Montreal.During retirement, <mask> had time to gratify his passion for music. For a time, he served as rector, organist and choir director of the Anglican Parish of Salt Spring Island, B.C. On Salt Spring Island, <mask> gave an organ recital twice a week. He appeared regularly both as soloist and as accompanist to singers and fellow musicians. He "delighted audiences not only with his playing but also with his lucid and humorous commentaries." Death

<mask> died Friday, 16 October 2009 on Salt Spring Island, BC. A memorial service was held on Sunday, 25 October 2009 at St. John's Anglican Cathedral in Winnipeg.He was survived by his wife Johnian Carolyn Evans

A son, <mask>, played international cricket for the Canadian national side, and took Canada's first wicket in One Day Internationals. References

1927 births
People educated at Brentwood School, Essex
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Anglican Church of Canada archdeacons
Deans of Montreal
20th-century Anglican Church of Canada bishops
Anglican bishops of Rupert's Land
2009 deaths
English

masks:
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
John Valentine


title: Grant Connell

texts: <mask> (Pronounced: KAHN-nell) (born November 17, 1965) is a former professional tennis player from Canada, and has been a real estate agent for the past 14 years in Vancouver. He specializes in West Vancouver North Vancouver and Downtown properties real estate transactions. He is considered one of the world's top doubles player from the early to late -1990s, reaching the world No. 1 doubles ranking in November 1993. <mask> won 22 doubles titles during his eleven seasons on the ATP Tour (1986 to 1997). He won his first four with fellow Canadian Glenn Michibata. Upon Michibata's retirement from the tour, <mask> joined Patrick Galbraith.The <mask> tandem won 12 titles together, including the 1995 season ending Doubles Championships tournament. <mask>'s next main partner became Byron Black with whom he won four more titles. He also won a title each with Todd Martin and Scott Davis. He was a three-time Wimbledon doubles finalist, twice with Galbraith and once with Black. A left-hander, <mask> best singles ranking was world No. 67, which he reached in June 1991. His best tour singles results were reaching the semifinals of the 1991 Chicago, 1991 Singapore, and 1992 Auckland Grand Prix events.<mask>'s best Grand Slam singles results were reaching the third round of the 1991 Australian Open and 1994 Wimbledon. A solid grass-court player, <mask> had Andre Agassi on the ropes in their first round encounter at Wimbledon in 1991. In that match, <mask> served a gutsy second serve ace to win the third set tie-breaker and go up two sets to one. Agassi however won the final two

masks:
Grant Connell
Connell
Connell
Connell Galbraith
Connell
Connell
Connell
Connell
Connell


title: Grant Connell

texts:
 sets 7–5, 6–3, to take the match. (The following year at Wimbledon saw Agassi win his first Grand Slam event.) As well, <mask> reached five mixed semifinals at Wimbledon. The majority of those with his highly ranked partner Lindsay Davenport.Reporters have noted that neither one of them seemed too concerned about winning any title but had a lot of fun losing. <mask> played Davis Cup for Canada on numerous occasions posting a career 15–6 win-loss record in doubles and an equally impressive 8–3 record in singles. He was a member of Canada's 1991 and 1992 Davis Cup teams winning all three needed matches in each of those wins to put Canada in to the World Group for its first two times in canadian tennis history. Awards: Winner of the “Spirit of Sport” national award for the athlete who gives back the most to charity and their sport;
Member of the Canadian Tennis Hall of Fame, Canadian Open Hall of Fame, BC Sports Hall of Fame, Texas A&M University Hall of Fame, and B.C. Summer Swimming Hall of Fame. As a college player
Growing up in North Vancouver, <mask> was an All-American in doubles in 1984 and in singles in 1985 at Texas A&M University. Ranked No.5 in singles in NCAA‘s and undefeated in the SWC in singles play in ‘85 that same year before turning pro, he lost in the quarterfinals of the NCAA individual tennis championships to fellow future touring pro Mikael Pernfors. As a touring pro

1984, 1985
While still an amateur, <mask> played the Player's International twice as a wild card entry, losing in the first round of the main draw each time. In 1984 he lost to

masks: Connell Connell Connell Connell


title: Grant Connell

texts:
 world No. 17, Joakim Nyström, 4–6, 3–6, while the following summer <mask> fell to world No. 47, 6–7, 3–6. On December 30, 1985, <mask> was ranked by the ATP No. 570T in singles and No.724T in doubles. 1986
<mask> played the San Luis Potosí Challenger in March, reaching the second round in both singles and doubles. He defeated world No. 327, Evan Ratner, 6–1, 6–4, before losing to world No. 415, Karl Richter, 6–3, 6–7, 3–6, while in doubles, he and partner Mark Greenan, also Canadian, lost their second round match to Mark Wooldridge and Derek Tarr in a third set tie-break. In July, <mask> played two further Challengers. At the Schenectady Challenger, he and Greenan lost in the first round in doubles.At the Berkeley Challenger the following week, <mask> and Greenan again lost in the first round, while in singles <mask> reached the semifinals, defeating Charles Buzz Strode, Russell Simpson, and Paul Chamberlin all in straight sets before falling to Mike Bauer, 6–7, 2–6. In August, <mask> again played the Player's, but in doubles this time, again partnering Greenan. The pair lost, however, in the first round, to the pair of Ricardo Acuña and Bob Green, 6–1, 3–6, 4–6. <mask> next saw action in three European Challengers in November. At the Helsinki Challenger, he lost in both singles and doubles in the first round. The following week at Bergen Challenger, he reached the second round of both, falling to Dan Goldie in three sets in singles and partnering Chamberlin in doubles. <mask> finished 1986 on tour with a bang, reaching the semifinals at the Valkenswaard

masks: Connell Connell Connell Connell Connell Connell Connell Connell Connell


title: Grant Connell

texts:
 Challenger in both singles and doubles, again partnering Chamberlin.On December 29, 1986, <mask> was ranked world No. 191 in singles and No. 217 in doubles. 1987
<mask> began 1987 playing in his first Grand Slam event, the Australian Open. He lost in singles in the first round, in straight sets, to world No. 116 Todd Nelson. In doubles, he and partner American Chris Kennedy reached the second round.<mask>'s next main draw action was in March, at the Cherbourg Challenger. 1988
<mask> began the year at the AAMI Classic in Sydney, Australia where he lost in the first round to Pete Sampras, 4–6, 7–5, 4–6. 1989–1994

Career finals

Doubles (22 titles)

Doubles performance timeline

Honours
<mask> was inducted into the Canadian Tennis Hall of Fame in 1998. After retiring as a tennis pro
Upon retiring from the tour in 1997, <mask> became High Performance Director at Tennis BC as well as Davis Cup Captain. As captain he led the team to the World Group for only the third time. He was also the Tournament Director for Rogers Cup in Toronto in 2006  As of the last 14 years <mask> has been selling real estate in Vancouver, BC. References

External links

Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Canadian male tennis players
Canadian tennis coaches
Olympic tennis players of Canada
Sportspeople from Vancouver
Sportspeople from Regina, Saskatchewan
Racket sportspeople from British Columbia
Racket sportspeople from Saskatchewan
Tennis players at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Tennis players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Texas A&M Aggies men's tennis players
1965

masks: Connell Connell Connell Connell Connell Connell Grant


title: Ulrich II, Lord of Hanau

texts:
<mask>, Lord of Hanau ( – 23 September 1346) was Lord of Hanau from 1305/1306 until his death. Childhood
He was the son of <mask> I and his wife, Countess Elisabeth of Rieneck. Nothing is known about his childhood. He is not mentioned in official documents until he took office. The earliest possibility () is derived from the date of his parents' wedding (1278). The latest possibility () is derived from the fact that he must have been at least 18 years old when he took office. The fact that he married four years after taking office, suggests a birth date near the end of the range.Reign

Political Activities
In 1310, <mask> militarily assisted King John of Bohemia, a son of Emperor Henry VII. In return the Emperor mortgaged him the Jews in the cities in his territory (Babenhausen, Hanau, Steinau an der Straße and Windecken) for 600 pounds of Heller. In 1314, <mask> was at the election of Emperor Louis IV in Frankfurt, as a member of the entourage of the Elector of the Palatinate Louis II. <mask> II actively participated in the pacification of the Wetterau region. In this process, the local nobility agreed to resolve their disputes in a court of law, rather than fighting a feud. In 1339, <mask> decreed the primogeniture in Hanau. This was one of the earliest decrees of this kind in Germany.The decree was repeated several times by later counts, for example in 1343 and in 1375. Nevertheless, the ruling family would divide the county when this was considered convenient politically, for example in 1456 and in 1685. Shortly before his death, <mask> was outlawed; the reason for this is unknown. Emperor Louis IV tasked Frederick of

masks:
Ulrich II
Ulrich
Ulrich
Ulrich
Ulrich
Ulrich
Ulrich II


title: Ulrich II, Lord of Hanau

texts:
 Hutten, the governor of the Wetterau was tasked with implementing this judgement. The issue appears to have been settled amicably soon afterward. Further details are not known. Acquisition of territory
In 1316, <mask> purchased justice over the district of Brandenstein and half of justice over the district of Schlüchtern from the Count of Rieneck.The bishop of Würzburg, who was the liege lord of this property, agreed to the sale. Hanau would acquire the other half of the justice over Schlüchtern in 1377, exchanging it for “Büttert Castle“ (Bütthard Castle). In 1457, the Count of Hanau also became protector of Schlüchtern Abbey. In 1317, the owner of Trages Manor put himself under <mask>'s suzerainty. In 1320, King Louis IV mortgaged the district of Bornheimerberg to <mask>, as a payment for services rendered during a raid in the Alsace. This mortgage was renewed by Emperor Charles IV in 1351. In 1434, Count Reinhard II was finally enfeoffed with Bornheimerberg.The Imperial City of Gelnhausen was mortgaged to Hanau by King Louis IV in 1326. In 1330, the citizens were absolved from their allegiance to the emperor and asked to swear allegiance to the Lord of Hanau. But shortly afterwards this mortgage was released. <mask>'s maternal uncle, Count Louis V of Rieneck died in 1333. With his death, his line of the House of Rieneck died out in the male line. Under an agreement Louis V had made with <mask> in 1296, Hanau would inherit Rieneck's feudal rights. However, in 1329, Louis V had decreed that his daughter Udelhilt would inherit.This gave rise to a complicated inheritance dispute, which involved other lines of the House of

masks:
Ulrich
Ulrich II
Ulrich II
Ulrich II
Ulrich I


title: Ulrich II, Lord of Hanau

texts:
 Rieneck and the two largest feudal lords in the area, the Electorate of Mainz and the Bishopric of Würzburg. <mask> II eventually made significant territorial gains:
 Half the justice over the district of Bieber
 The larger part of the district of Lohrhaupten
 Half the district of Partenstein
 A quarter of the castle and district of Rieneck
 Half the county of Prozelten
 A share of Rothenfels Castle
 The city and district of Lauda
 The city of Osterburken
 The bailiwick of Dörnigheim
 Justice over the district of Schwarzenfels
 A number of other fiefs and feudal rights

Marriage and issue
<mask> married in 1310 Agnes of Hohenlohe-Weikersheim (before 1295 – 29 November 1346), a daughter of Kraft I of Hohenlohe-Weikersheim. Ten children from this marriage are known, but not the order in which they were born. Historians have been able to infer the order in which the sons were born. <mask> (1310 – 1369/70)
 Reinhard, custodian of the cathedral in Mainz
 Kraft (d. 1382), a canon of Cologne, Mainz, Würzburg and Worms
 Louis, (d. after 1386), Archdeacon in Würzburg
 Gottfried (d. after 1372), Commander of the Teutonic Knights
 Conrad (killed in 1383), Abbot of Fulda monastery
 Elizabeth (d. after 1365), married to Count Philip V of Falkenstein
 Adelaide (d. after 1378), married to Count Eberhard II of Katzenelnbogen and after his death, to Henry II of Isenburg
 Agnes (d. after 1347), a nun in Patershausen Abbey
 Irmengard (d. after 1348), a nun in the convent at Gerlachsheim, mentioned between 1343 and 1347

Death
Sources give two different dates for the death of <mask> II: 2 September 1346 and 23 September 1346. He was buried

masks:
Ulrich
Ulrich II
Ulrich III
Ulrich


title: Ulrich II, Lord of Hanau

texts:
 in Arnsburg Abbey, the place members of the house of Hanau were buried usually until the 15th century. Already in the years 1343, a deed is created, which gives <mask> II's daughter Adelaide the right to visit her father's grave twice a year.The grave was located in the enclosed part of Arnsburg Abbey, so it was not generally accessible. References
 Ludwig Clemm: Das Totenbuch des Stifts Ilbenstadt, in: Archiv für Hessische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, new series, vol. 19, issue 2, Darmstadt, 1936, p. 169-274,
 Walter Czysz: Klarenthal bei Wiesbaden. Ein Frauenkloster im Mittelalter 1298 – 1559, Seyfried, Wiesbaden, 1987,
 Klaus Peter Decker: Klientel und Konkurrenz. Die ritterschaftliche Familie von Hutten und die Grafen von Hanau und von Ysenburg, in: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte, vol. 38, 1988, p. 23–48,
 Reinhard Dietrich: Die Landesverfassung in dem Hanauischen, in the series Hanauer Geschichtsblätter, vol. 34, Hanau 1996,
 Franziska Haase: <mask>., Herr von Hanau.1281 – 1306, type-written thesis, Münster, 1925
 Fred Schwind: Die Landvogtei in der Wetterau, thesis, Frankfurt, 1972
 Karl-Heinz Spieß: Familie und Verwandtschaft im deutschen Hochadel des Spätmittelalters, Steiner, Stuttgart, 1993,
 Reinhard Suchier: Genealogie des Hanauer Grafenhauses, in: Festschrift des Hanauer Geschichtsvereins zu seiner fünfzigjährigen Jubelfeier am 27. August 1894, Hanau, 1894
 Ernst J. Zimmermann: Hanau Stadt und Land, 3rd ed., Hanau, 1919, reprinted 1978,

Footnotes

Lords of Hanau
Main-Kinzig-Kreis
13th-century births
1346 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
14th-century German nobility
14th-century rulers in

masks:
Ulrich
Ulrich I


title: Shirley Babashoff

texts:
<mask> (born January 31, 1957) is an American former competition swimmer, Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in multiple events. Babashoff set six world records and earned a total of nine Olympic medals in her career. She won a gold medal in the 400-meter freestyle relay in both the 1972 and 1976 Olympics, and she won the 1975 world championship in both the 200-meter and 400-meter freestyle. During her career, she set 37 national records (17 individual and 20 relay) and for some time held all national freestyle records from the 100-meter to 800-meter event. 1976 Summer Olympics
At the 1976 U.S. Olympic Trials, she won all the freestyle events, as well as the 400-meter individual medley, setting one world and six national records in the process. At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, she won four silver medals and a gold medal in the 4×100-meter freestyle relay in world record time, despite the competition being dominated by the East German swimmers. The four silver medals came in the 200-meter, 400-meter and 800-meter freestyle, and the 4×100-meter medley relay.Although Babashoff never won an individual gold medal in Olympic competition, she is still regarded as one of the top swimmers in history, and is most vividly remembered for having swum the anchor leg on the gold-medal winning 4×100-meter freestyle relay team, in its victory over the doped up, steroid-plagued 1976 East German women, in what is widely acknowledged as having been the


title: Shirley Babashoff

texts:
 single greatest race in the entire history of women's swimming. The East German team of Kornelia Ender, Petra Thumer, Andrea Pollack and Claudia Hempel was heavily favored to win the race. Prior to the relay, American sportscaster Donna de Varona picked East Germany to win the event, but Kim Peyton, Wendy Boglioli and Jill Sterkel teamed with Babashoff to pull off a great upset as Babashoff outlegged Hempel down the stretch to win the gold medal and shatter the world record by 4 seconds. After the event, de Varona said, "I have never been happier to eat my words in the prediction I made right before this event." <mask>'s time in winning the silver medal in the 400-meter freestyle at the 1976 Olympics would have defeated men's gold medalist Don Schollander twelve years earlier at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo. Personal life

<mask> was one of four children of <mask>, a machinist, and Vera Slivkoff, a housewife. Her father had been a swimming instructor in Hawaii and always wanted his own children to become Olympians.Both of her parents are second-generation Russian American. In 1982, she was inducted in the International Swimming Hall of Fame as an "Honor Swimmer." <mask> was occasionally referred to as "Surly <mask>" and described as a "sore loser" by the media because of her public accusations of drug cheating by the East German swimmers. To her credit, she was later proven correct-that most East German athletes were using performance-enhancing drugs, substantiated by

masks:
Shirley Babashoff
Babashoff
Jack Babashoff
Babashoff
Shirley


title: Shirley Babashoff

texts: investigators in the PBS documentary, "Secrets of the Dead: Doping for Gold." <mask>'s accusations of drug use by East German swimmers was widely confirmed after the fall of Communism in East Germany. It is estimated that the <mask> was denied three gold medals as a result of cheating by East Germany. After her Olympic career ended, Babashoff coached swimming, had a son in 1986 whom she raised alone, and became a letter carrier for the United States Postal Service in Orange County, California.On April 30, 2005, <mask> received the Olympic Order, the highest award of the Olympic Movement, during the Inaugural Olympic Assembly luncheon. International Olympic Committee members Bob Ctvrtlik, Anita DeFrantz, and Jim Easton presented the award. The IOC established the Olympic Order in 1974 to honor individuals who have illustrated the Olympic Ideals through their actions, have achieved remarkable merit in the sporting world, or have rendered outstanding services to the Olympic cause, either through their own personal achievements or their contributions to the development of sport. Her brother <mask> won the silver medal behind teammate Jim Montgomery in the 100-meter freestyle at the 1976 Olympics. Her other brother Bill and sister Debbie were also swimmers who competed internationally. <mask> attended Fountain Valley High School in Fountain Valley, California. In 1973 she led the school to their first-ever California Interscholastic Federation Championship in girls'

masks:
Shirley
Shirley
Babashoff
Jack Babashoff
Shirley


title: David McDiarmid

texts:
<mask> (1952–1995) was an artist, designer and political activist, recognised for his prominent and sustained artistic engagement in issues relating to gay male identity and HIV/AIDS. He is also known for his involvement in the gay liberation movement of the early 1970s, when he was the first person arrested at a gay rights protest in Australia, as well as his artistic direction of the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras. From its inception, McDiarmid's art career encompassed, as both subject and inspiration, gay male sexuality, politics and urban subcultures. His creative techniques included: collage, painting, drawing, calligraphy, mosaic, installation, various forms of print-making, sculpture and artist's books. He was a graphic designer, designer and fabric painter for women's and men's fashion, and an artist and creative director for the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras street parades. Melbourne
Born in Hobart, Tasmania, McDiarmid later moved with his family to Melbourne, where he studied film, art history and illustration at Swinburne College of Technology (now Swinburne University of Technology) between 1969 and 1970. In the early 1970s, McDiarmid joined Melbourne Gay Liberation, later travelling back and forth between Sydney and Melbourne, where he helped found Sydney Gay Liberation in 1972; he also contributed illustrations and articles for their Newsletter and helped edit it.His involvement with Melbourne Gay Liberation included designing an early T-shirt and badge. McDiarmid's involvement with Sydney Gay Liberation, a more radical and protest-driven organisation than the larger gay rights and support group Campaign Against Moral


title: David McDiarmid

texts:
 Persecution, or CAMP, led to his involvement in a number of their protests. At one peaceful protest, outside the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) headquarters on 11 July 1972, against the refusal by ABC management to show a segment on Gay Liberation (that featured Dennis Altman) on This Day Tonight, McDiarmid was arrested, the first such arrest at a gay rights protest in Australia. In 1973 McDiarmid met the artist and jeweller Peter Tully; they became lovers for the next two years, and remained friends and collaborators until Tully's death in Paris in August 1992. Sydney (1975–79)

After travelling together through South East Asia in 1974-75, <mask> and Peter Tully moved to Sydney in 1975, joining their Melbourne friend and creative collaborator, Linda Jackson, who had moved there with her partner Fran Moore in 1973. This period saw McDiarmid hand-painting fabrics for Jackson's fashion designs. This work was retailed through Jenny Kee's fashion store Flamingo Park in Sydney's Strand Arcade and appeared (between 1975-1981) in the annual 'Flamingo Follies' fashion parades held by Jenny Kee and Jackson.<mask>'s first one-person exhibition, 'Secret Love', was held at Hogarth Galleries, Sydney in 1976. The drawings and collages explored gay male life and sexuality, both in and out of the closet. The following year, McDiarmid visited the United States, where he travelled extensively on the east and west coasts between March to October; in particular the gay communities of the Castro in San Francisco and Christopher Street area in Lower Manhattan, New York. His subsequent work was influenced by his embrace of the gay male subcultures of

masks: McDiarmid McDiarmid


title: David McDiarmid

texts:
 these cities; notably 'New Works by <mask>d' at Hogarth Galleries in November 1978 and a portfolio of nine off-setprinted multiples titled 'Trade Enquiries, issued with Watters Gallery, Sydney, in 1979. Following his return from the US in late 1977, McDiarmid presented an installation called 'An Australian Dream Lounge', exploring the domestic aesthetics of Australian suburbia at Hogarth Galleries, Sydney, in December that year. The first self-identified group exhibition of Australian gay and lesbian artists, "Homosexual and Lesbian Artists", was held over the weekend of the 23–24 July 1978 at Watters Gallery, Sydney, in association with the Fourth National Homosexual Conference held at Paddington Town Hall in August. The exhibition included a series of McDiarmid's drawings and collage works; he also designed the exhibition poster.Other artists whose work featured in the exhibition included Peter Tully, Sally Colechin, Bill Morley, Tony Robertson, Frances Budden (later Frances Phoenix) and Vivienne Binns. Later in 1978, McDiarmid and Peter Tully jointly created the installation 'The Strine Shrine' at Hogarth Galleries, again referencing the icons of Australian suburbia. New York (1979-87)

In June 1979, McDiarmid settled in New York, intending to make his life there. The move to New York coincided with the establishment of the black and Hispanic, gay underground dance club Paradise Garage, of which McDiarmid was an early devotee. Paradise Garage served as an inspiration for a suite of work to which McDiarmid gave the title "Disco Kwilts", produced between 1979 and 1981, using newly available material: holographic reflective Mylar sheeting.


title: David McDiarmid

texts: McDiarmid exhibited in the US, including solo exhibitions at 'Childs/Dreyfus' in Chicago in 1979 and Club Zero in New York in 1983. Throughout his time in New York McDiarmid continued to exhibit back in Sydney and supply painted fabrics to Linda Jackson.One of the first Sydney exhibitions that McDiarmid was involved with following his move to New York was the 'Project 33: Art Clothes' exhibition at the Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW) (1980–1981), curated by Jane de Teliga, which also included works by Linda Jackson, Jenny Kee, Peter Tully, Jenny Bannister, Katie Pye, Bruce Goold and others. McDiarmid was again included in an AGNSW group show in 1981: 'The Harbour Bridge Show'. In February 1983 McDiarmid exhibited at the Crafts Council of Australia Gallery in Sydney, the catalogue for which, included the following statement by McDiarmid: “I’m interested in popular culture. My work is in the intersection between folk art, women’s art (needlepoint, patchwork quilts) and contemporary materials, I use loud cheap and vulgar plastics to make ‘pretty Pictures’. (1982, n.p.)”. McDiarmid's work in New York was also influenced by street and subway graffiti. In 1983-84, he produced a series of acrylic paintings on cotton with entwined calligraphy and decorative graphic forms conveying the excitement, exploitation and joy of life in the city: sex, gay rights, cruising, romantic love and the emergence of HIV/AIDS.This work was exhibited in 1984 when he returned to Sydney for the one-person show '<mask>iarmid: New Work' at Roslyn Oxley9 Gallery. That year, McDiarmid was included in another group exhibition, 'The Leather Show', at the Crafts


title: David McDiarmid

texts: was presented at the Melbourne conference ‘AIDS: Towards a Paradigm’ (and later developed into the digital film "A Short History of Facial Hair" for a London exhibition in 2011). McDiarmid's 1993 artist's book and photocopied collaged multiples titled ‘Toxic Queen’ focused on the virulent homophobia re-energised by the AIDS epidemic and positioned McDiarmid as a leading queer artist as sensibilities changed from ‘gay to queer’. <mask>mid was also an accomplished graphic designer designing all the posters for his own exhibitions and those of Peter Tully.He designed posters and print collateral for the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras in 1986, 1988 and 1990, as well as posters for Pride and Sleaze Ball dance parties, AIDS candlelight vigils, World AIDS Day and the ACON safe sex poster series of 1992. One of the first artists to use digital technology in the production of art, McDiarmid's digital ‘Rainbow Aphorisms’ were a strong presence in the exhibition ‘Don’t Leave Me This Way: Art in the Age of AIDS’ at the National Gallery of Australia, Canberra, curated by Dr Ted Gott in 1994. His numerous group exhibitions through the 1990s also included: 'Pink Summers', Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras Festival, (1990); ‘Beauty and the Beast’, Tin Sheds Gallery, The University of Sydney (1991); ‘The Phallus and its Functions’, Ivan Dougherty Gallery, Sydney (1992); ‘Stormy Weather’, national touring exhibition (1992); ‘You Are Here’, Institute of Modern Art, Brisbane, Australian Centre for Contemporary Art, Melbourne and CACSA, Adelaide (1993); ‘The Streets as Art Galleries – Walls Sometimes Speak: Poster Art in Australia’, The National Gallery of


title: David McDiarmid

texts:
 Australia, Canberra (1993); ‘Leather Pride Week Exhibition’, The Warehouse, Sydney (1993); ‘Nine Artists’ Barry Stern Gallery, Sydney (1993);  ‘The Australian Scarf’, Hyde Park Barracks (1993); ‘Fighting Back: The Art of AIDS Education’,  The Drill Hall Gallery, ANU, Canberra (1993); ‘Death’, Ivan Dougherty Gallery (1993); ‘Mardi Gras 1993’, Barry Stern Gallery (1993). McDiarmid's last group exhibition was ‘Australian Perspecta 1995’, a survey of contemporary art, curated by Judy Annear at the Art Gallery of New South Wales. His huge rainbow ‘Q’ inserted into the tympanum of the gallery's neo-classical façade was McDiarmid's last gesture of “queering the art museum”. Legacy (1995-)

McDiarmid was conscious of his, and his generation's, artistic and political legacy as many gay artists faced premature death from HIV/AIDS in the 1980s and early 1990s. He became an advocate for effective estate planning for artists, spoke at Sydney Writers Festival on the subject in 1994 and made speaking appearances in association with the Arts Law Centre of Australia.Shocked by the consequences for Peter Tully's creative legacy, following Tully's death in August 1992 without a legal will or an estate plan, McDiarmid asked the curator, Dr Sally Gray, to be his executor and posthumous copyright holder in 1993. <mask>d died of AIDS related conditions on May 25, 1995. From 1996, Gray arranged bequests from the McDiarmid estate to the following public institutions: The National Gallery of Australia, Canberra; The National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne; Heide Museum of Modern Art, Melbourne; The Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney; The Powerhouse Museum of


title: David McDiarmid

texts: Applied Arts and Sciences, Sydney and several regional galleries in Australia. Gray also arranged for deposit of the artist's personal papers regarding his life and work in The Mitchell Library of The State Library of NSW. As custodian of the artist's creative legacy, Gray has researched, brokered and curated a number of exhibitions of McDiarmid's work including the major retrospective exhibition, ‘<mask>mid: When This You See Remember Me’, held at the National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne. <mask>mid one-person shows brokered, curated, or co-curated by Dr Sally Gray include: ‘<mask>iarmid: A Short History of Facial Hair’, The Fashion Space Gallery, London College of Fashion, University of the Arts, London (2011); ‘<mask>mid: Rainbow Aphorisms’, Neon Parc, Melbourne (2012); the major retrospective exhibition, '<mask>mid: When This You See Remember Me’, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne (2014); and ‘<mask>iarmid: Toxic Queen’, Neon Parc Melbourne (2016). <mask> McDiarmid was inducted into the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras ‘Hall of Fame’ in 2000.His life and work also lives on in the work of others: Photographer and performer William Yang's published books, performances and films such as 'Friends of Dorothy' and 'Sadness' pay tribute to the influence of McDiarmid's artistic practice and his political activism. McDiarmid was one of the subjects of composer Lyle Chan's String Quartet: 'An AIDS Activist's Memoir In Music'. The movement called 'Don't Leave Me This Way' memorialises the role the composer played as part of McDiarmid's medical team. This musical movement was performed at the McDiarmid retrospective at the National

masks:
David McDiar
David McDiar
David MD
David McDiar
David McDiar
David McD
David


title: David McDiarmid

texts:
 Gallery of Victoria in July 2014, preceded by a forty-minute conversation between the composer and the former Judge of the High Court of Australia the Hon. Michael Kirby, judge. In 2017-18 McDiarmid's ‘Rainbow Aphorisms’ appeared throughout the London Underground transport network as part of ‘Art on the Underground’. The project was initiated by Studio Voltaire London and Dr Sally Gray for the McDiarmid estate.The project also included display of McDiarmid's ‘Rainbow Aphorisms’ in public spaces in Clapham, South London. References

External links
 National Gallery of Victoria, <mask>iarmid
 The Australian Lesbian and Gay Archives holds correspondence, designs, artists' books, posters, lithographic prints, ephemera, T-shirts, a costume, mixtapes, articles, photographs and books relating to <mask>d, including material donated by <mask>d, the <mask>iarmid Estate and various friends. Australian Lesbian and Gay Archives Victorian Collections
 Australian Lesbian and Gay LibraryThing profile

 Dr Sally Gray, curator of the <mask>iarmid visual legacy

1952 births
1995 deaths
20th-century Australian painters
20th-century male artists
LGBT artists from Australia
LGBT rights activists from Australia
Gay artists
Australian male painters
20th-century LGBT

masks:
David MD
David McDiarmi
David McDiarmi
David McD
David McD


title: Bass Reeves

texts:
<mask> (July 1838 – January 12, 1910) was the first black deputy U.S. marshal west of the Mississippi River. He worked mostly in Arkansas and the Oklahoma Territory. During his long career, he had on his record more than 3,000 arrests of dangerous criminals, and shot and killed 14 of them in self-defense. Early life
<mask> was born into slavery in Crawford County, Arkansas, in 1838. He was named after his grandfather, <mask>. <mask> and his family were enslaved by Arkansas state legislator <mask>. When <mask> was eight (about 1846), <mask> moved to Grayson County, Texas, near Sherman in the Peters Colony.It appears plausible that <mask> was kept in bondage by William Steele <mask>'s son, Colonel George R<mask>, who was a sheriff and legislator in Texas, and a one-time Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives until his death from rabies in 1882. When the American Civil War began, <mask> joined the Confederate Army, taking <mask> with him. It is unclear how, and exactly when, <mask> escaped, but at some point during the Civil War, he gained his freedom. One account recalls how <mask> and <mask> had an altercation over a card game. <mask> severely beat George, and fled to the Indian Territory where he lived among the Cherokee, Creeks and Seminoles. <mask> stayed with these Native American tribes and learned their languages until he was freed by the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery, in 1865. As a freedman, <mask> moved to Arkansas and farmed near Van Buren.Career

<mask> and his family farmed until 1875, when Isaac Parker was appointed federal judge for

masks:
Bass Reeves
Reeves
Bass Washington
Reeves
William Steele Reeves
Bass
William Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
. Reeves
George Reeves
Bass
Bass Reeves
Bass Reeves
George Reeves
Bass
Bass
Reeves
Reeves


title: Bass Reeves

texts: the Indian Territory. Parker appointed James F. Fagan as U.S. marshal, directing him to hire 200 deputy U.S. marshals. Fagan had heard about <mask>, who knew the Territory and could speak several Native languages. He recruited him as a deputy; <mask> was the first black deputy to serve west of the Mississippi River. <mask> was assigned as a deputy U.S. marshal for the Western District of Arkansas, which had responsibility also for the Native reservation Territory. He served there until 1893. That year he transferred to the Eastern District of Texas in Paris, Texas, for a short while.In 1897, he was transferred again, serving at the Muskogee Federal Court in the Native Territory. <mask> worked for 32 years as a federal peace officer in the Indian Territory, and became one of Judge Parker's most valued deputies. <mask> brought in some of the most dangerous criminals of the time; he was never wounded despite having his hat and belt shot off on separate occasions. In addition to being a marksman with a rifle and revolver, <mask> developed superior detective skills during his long career. When he retired in 1907, <mask> had on his record over 3,000 arrests of felons. He killed 14 outlaws to defend his life. <mask> had to arrest his own son for murder; Benjamin "Bennie" <mask> was charged with the murder of his own wife.Despite being disturbed and deeply shaken by the incident, <mask> nonetheless insisted on the responsibility of bringing Bennie to justice. Bennie was subsequently captured, tried, and convicted. He served 11 years at Fort Leavenworth in Kansas before his

masks: Reeves Reeves Reeves Reeves Reeves Reeves Reeves Reeves Reeves Reeves


title: Bass Reeves

texts:
 sentence was commuted; he reportedly lived the rest of his life as a model citizen. When Oklahoma became a state in 1907, <mask>, then 68, became an officer of the Muskogee Police Department. He served for two years before he became ill and retired. Later years and death
<mask> was himself once charged with murdering a posse cook. At his trial before Judge Parker, <mask> claimed to have shot the man by mistake while cleaning his gun; he was represented by former United States Attorney W. H. H. Clayton, who was a colleague and friend.<mask> was eventually believed and acquitted, possibly based on his exceptional record. <mask>' health began to fail further after retiring. He died of Bright's disease (nephritis) on January 12, 1910. Family and descendants
<mask> was married twice and had eleven children. In 1864 he married Nellie Jennie (d. 1896) and after her death Winnie Sumter (1900–1910). His children were named Newland, Benjamin, George, Lula, Robert, Sally, Edgar, <mask>., Harriet, Homer and Alice. He was a great-uncle of Paul L. Brady, who became the first black man appointed as a federal administrative law judge in 1972.His great-great-great-grandson is National Hockey League player Ryan Reaves. Legacy
 Historian Art Burton has said that <mask> was the inspiration for the character of the Lone Ranger. Burton makes this argument based on the sheer number of people <mask> arrested without taking any serious injury, coupled with the fact that many of these arrested were incarcerated in the Detroit House of Correction, the same city where the Lone Ranger radio plays

masks:
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Bass Jr
Reeves
Reeves


title: Bass Reeves

texts:
 were broadcast on WXYZ. This theory is disputed. In 2011, the US-62 Bridge, which spans the Arkansas River between Muskogee and Fort Gibson, Oklahoma, was renamed the <mask> Reeves Memorial Bridge. In May 2012, a bronze statue of <mask> by Oklahoma sculptor Harold Holden was erected in Pendergraft Park in Fort Smith, Arkansas. In 2013, he was inducted into the Texas Trail of Fame.Television
 <mask> is the subject of the season two Episode four of Gunslingers, "The real lone ranger". <mask> figures prominently in an episode of How It's Made, in which a <mask> limited-edition collectors' figurine is shown in various stages of the production process. In "The Murder of Jesse James", an episode of the television series Timeless (season one, episode 12), <mask> is portrayed by Colman Domingo. <mask> was a featured subject of the Drunk History episode "Oklahoma" in which he was portrayed by Jaleel White. In "Everybody Knows", a season two episode of the television series Wynonna Earp, <mask> is portrayed by Adrian Holmes. <mask> is mentioned in the plot of "The Royal Family", a season two episode of the television series Greenleaf. <mask>' name is used as an alias by pastor Basie Skanks to support his church with gambling earnings.<mask>' status as one of the first black sheriffs plays a significant role as a childhood role model for the character of <mask> in the Watchmen television series. <mask> is portrayed by Jamal Akakpo in three episodes featuring a fictional 1920s silent film based on <mask>' exploits titled "Trust in the Law". <mask> is mentioned in season 3 episode

masks:
Bass
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Bass Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Will Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves


title: Bass Reeves

texts:
 2 of the television series Justified as two US Marshals are discussing their all-time favorite historical US Marshals. <mask> features in the "Stressed Western" episode of Legends of Tomorrow, portrayed by David Ramsey. Ramsey is noted for having played Green Arrow's ally and confidant John Diggle in the Arrowverse since its inception. In context, <mask> is portrayed as Diggle's ancestor where Sara Lance called him "Dig" at one point even though he thought they were digging the gunfight activities. The Legends encounter him at Fist City, Oklahoma at the time when they were pursuing the Haverack, a rage-attracted alien worm that has been excreting gold.After the Haverack was slain by Astra Logue, <mask> brought Fist City back in order. <mask> features as a character played by Gary Beadle in Around the World in 80 Days. Film
 <mask>, a 2010 fictionalized account of <mask>'s life and career, stars James A. House in the titular role. In They Die by Dawn (2013), <mask> is portrayed by Harry Lennix. The character of Sam Chisolm (played by Denzel Washington) in The Magnificent Seven (2016 film) is based on <mask>. Hell on the Border is a 2019 action film based on the early law enforcement career of <mask>, starring David Gyasi.It was written and directed by Wes Miller and features Ron Perlman in a supporting role. A miniseries based on Burton's 2006 biography (and co-produced by Morgan Freeman) is reportedly under development by HBO. As of April 2018, Amazon Studios is developing a biopic of <mask> with the script and direction helmed by Chloé Zhao. <mask> is portrayed by

masks:
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Bass Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves


title: Bass Reeves

texts:
 Delroy Lindo in The Harder They Fall (2021). Theatre
 A stage play about <mask> entitled Cowboy written and directed by Layon Gray was presented at the 2019 National Black Theatre Festival. Games

 <mask> is a character in the miniature wargame Wild West Exodus. <mask> is a playable character in the board game Western Legends.<mask> served as the inspiration for <mask> in the miniature wargame Malifaux. The character of Sheriff Freeman in Rockstar's Red Dead Redemption 2 is based on <mask>. Hall of fame
In 1992, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum. Literature
 <mask> is the subject of a 2020 comic book titled "Bass Reeves", produced by Allegiance Arts & Entertainment, and written by Kevin Grevioux with art by David Williams. <mask> appears in Un cow-boy dans le coton, an album in the Lucky Luke Belgian comic book series by Jul and Achdé. <mask> is the subject of the book, The Legend of <mask> Reeves, by Gary Paulsen, which features both true and fictional accounts of <mask>. Notes

References

Further reading
 Art T. Burton, Black Gun, Silver Star: The Life and Legend of Frontier Marshal <mask>, University of Nebraska Press, 2006.External links

 <mask> at Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture
 <mask> at Oklahoma Historical Society Encyclopedia of Oklahoma Culture and History
 <mask> at Handbook of Texas Online
 10 Facts about <mask> at BlackArtBlog.BlackArtDepot.com
 <mask> at Angelfire.com
 The <mask> Reeves Legacy Monument at BlackArtBlog.BlackArtDepot.com

 <mask> (2010) - A film about his

masks:
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Cornelius Basse
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Reeves
Bass
Reeves
Bass Reeves
Bass Reeves
Bass Reeves
Bass Reeves
Bass Reeves
Bass Reeves
Bass
Bass Reeves


title: Gottfried Kirch

texts:
<mask> (; also <mask> , Kirkius; 18 December 1639 – 25 July 1710) was a German astronomer and the first "Astronomer Royal" in Berlin and, as such, director of the nascent Berlin Observatory. Life and work

The son of <mask>, a shoemaker in Guben, Electorate of Saxony, initially he worked as a schoolmaster in Langgrün and Neundorf near Lobenstein. He also worked as a calendar-maker in Saxonia and Franconia. He began to learn astronomy with Erhard Weigel in Jena, and with Hevelius in Danzig. In Danzig in 1667, Kirch published calendars and built several telescopes and instruments. In 1679 he invented a screw micrometer for astronomical measurements. He became an astronomer working in Coburg, Leipzig and Guben as well from 1700 in Berlin.In the last quarter of the 17th century, <mask> was the most-read calendar maker and counted as one of the leading Germans. In 1680 he discovered a comet with a telescope for the first time: Komet C/1680 V1, called <mask>'s comet. In 1681 he discovered the Wild Duck Cluster M 11. In 1686 he went to Leipzig. Together with the farmer and astronomer Christoph Arnold he observed the comets of that year. In the same year he discovered the Mira variable χ Cygni. He also dedicated much time to observing the double star Mizar.He introduced three new constellations, the "Globus cruciger" (""), the "Electoral Sword" ("") and the Sceptre of Brandenburg, which however were not recognized and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). Via Arnold he met his second wife Maria Margaretha Winkelmann (1670–1720), who had learnt astronomy from self-study and from Arnold. While jointly observing the comet of

masks:
Gottfried Kirch
Kirche
Michael Kirch
Kirch
Kirch


title: Gottfried Kirch

texts:
 academy, the Prince-Elector conferred the "" on it (a monopoly on publishing almanacs). <mask> and his wife were therefore obliged to finance the academy by their almanac calculations.After his death, his wife continued the almanac calculations. His son Christfried <mask> became director of the Observatory in 1716. When Prussia incorporated the new province of Silesia in the 1740s, a further almanac was needed to be drawn up for the Catholics, and for that issue the academy employed his daughter <mask> (1696–1782). After 1700, two calendar variants were in force in the Holy Roman Empire: the Gregorian Calendar in the catholic, the  (improved Reich calendar) in the Protestant regions, however the latter differed from the former solely in respect of calculation of the date of Easter. The crater Kirch on the Moon and the asteroid 6841 Gottfriedkirch are named after him. Kirch studied the double star Mizar. He died at Berlin at the age of seventy.Selected publications

 Wunderstern am Hals des Walfisches. Leipzig 1678
 Eilfertiger kurtzer Bericht an einen guten Freund von dem Neuen Cometen dieses 1682. Jahrs. 1682

<mask> also published his calendar, Philosophical Transactions, an Acta Eruditorum and Miscellanea Berolinensia. See also
 List of astronomical instrument makers

References

Sources
 Robert Burnham Jr.: Burnham's Celestial Handbook, Volume Two, p. 762
 Messier Catalog: Online Biography of Gottfried Kirch

17th-century German astronomers
Discoverers of comets
1639 births
1710 deaths
Members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences
People from the Electorate of Saxony
University of Jena alumni
18th-century German

masks:
Kirch
Kirch
Christine Kirch
Kirch


title: Kah Walla

texts:
<mask> (born February 28, 1965), popularly known as Kah <mask>, is a Cameroonian politician, entrepreneur and social activist. She went into politics in 2007 with the Social Democratic Front (SDF), the main Cameroonian opposition party and was then elected into the municipal council of Douala I. In 2010, she resigned from SDF following a divergence over strategy and declared her intention to run for the 2011 presidential election on October 23, 2010. On April 30, 2011 she was elected as the president of the Cameroon People's Party (CPP) and party candidate for 2011 presidential election. <mask> is the CEO of the firm STRATEGIES!, a Leadership  and Management consulting firm which she founded in 1995. She was recognized in 2007 by the World Bank as one of the seven influential women entrepreneurs in Africa, and was counted among the 150 women who move the world by Newsweek. Family

<mask> was born on February 28, 1965 in Ibadan, Nigeria.She originates from the North west Region,one of the two anglophone regions of Cameroon,  more precisely from Bali Nyonga from her father and from Pinyin from her mother. Her father, John Solomon <mask>, before his death was Director of a consulting firm owned by John Ngu Foncha and Salomon Tandeng Muna, then Inspector General, Director of Shipping in Douala and finally representative of Cameroon at Ministerial Conference of West and Central African States on Maritime Transports  in Abidjan. Her mother, Grace Ebako <mask>,
now retired holds two doctorates: one in public health and one in health education; she led the NGOs CAMNAFAW (Cameroon National Association for Family Welfare). Kah is single with seven adopted children. Education

Walla began her primary education in the American School of Yaounde. She continued her studies in the Ivory Coast Academy of Bouake in Ivory Coast. After graduation, she got admitted into Howard University in Washington where she obtained her B.Sc in zoology  and studied for a Master of Business Administration in 1990.Political career

Entry into Politics
Walla says her

masks:
Edith Kahbang Walla
Walla
Kah Walla
Kah Walla
Walla
Walla


title: Kah Walla

texts:
 family has always been a source of motivation and inspiration for her in the political field. She gained experience over the years with the support of one of her colleagues in the SDF as they wrote the last Speech for the SDF chairman Ni John Fru Ndi during his campaign in 1992. She was an adviser and a trainer to the party until 2007, when she decided to officially join the party and was elected councilor in the city of Douala. In 2010, she stood against party's decision forbidding its militants from taking part in the ongoing voters' registration. She was later accused of lack of accountability in the management of party funds, On October 23, 2010, she resigned from the SDF and announced her candidature for the 2011 presidential election

She was elected as the president of Cameroon People's Party on April 30, 2011, succeeding Samuel Tita Fon who founded the party in 1991. Candidate in the 2011 presidential election
In 2010, <mask> held a press conference to announce her decision to exit the SDF party and run for the 2011 presidential election. She separated from the SDF by resigning.And some time later, she joined the CPP and became president in April 2011. She explained later that the party for which she had campaigned for since its creation no longer shared the same ideals that, particularly with regard vision for the presidential election. She is generally referred to as the first woman to ever run for the presidential election in Cameroon. To attract the maximum possible of young people prior to presidential elections, she encouraged registration on the electoral lists in the country. The awareness campaign has enabled her to address more than 500,000 Cameroonians within a very short time. She stood for the presidency along with 22 other candidates including Paul Biya, John Fru Ndi . She campaigned under the slogan "Kah Walla 2011 - The Time is Now".She was ranked 6th out of the 23 candidates, with 0.72% of the vote,  at the end of the election which was won by incumbent President Paul Biya. Anglophone Crisis

In March 2019, she


title: Richard Anthony Jefferson

texts:
<mask> (born 1956) is an American-born molecular biologist and social entrepreneur who developed the widely used reporter gene system GUS, conducted the world's first biotech crop release, proposed the Hologenome theory of evolution, pioneered Biological Open Source and founded The Lens. He is founder of the social enterprise Cambia and a Professor of Biological Innovation at the Queensland University of Technology. In 2003 he was named by Scientific American as one of the world's 50 most influential technologists, and is renowned for his work on making science-enabled innovation more widely accessible. He was profiled in 'Open & Shut: The Basement Interviews', and other major media, including in an Economist Feature 'Grassroots Innovator' in 2001. Education

Born in Santa Cruz, California, <mask> studied at the University of California, Santa Barbara at the College of Creative Studies, and obtained his BA (Molecular Genetics) in 1978. He then moved to the University of Colorado Boulder for his Ph.D., where he first developed the GUS reporter system, isolating, sequencing and characterizing the first microbial glucuronidase, and creating transgenic technology for Caenorhabditis elegans

Career

As a postdoctoral researcher he worked at the Plant Breeding Institute in Cambridge, England: there he adapted the GUS assay for the use in plants. His GUS system was a breakthrough in plant molecular sciences, useful for the development of efficient transformation methods for crop plants, and cell and developmental biology.In 1986-87 he sent all the components of the GUS system (DNA and strains) together with a comprehensive users' manual to nearly a thousand labs worldwide, before publication, pioneering a biological open source

masks:
Richard Anthony Jefferson
Jefferson


title: Richard Anthony Jefferson

texts: paradigm and a rapid uptake of the technology. The GUS system and its novel mode of dissemination was said to be essential for development of transformation of the most important crops, including soybean, maize, cotton and rice. The work has been cited in the primary literature almost 15,000 times., and has been licensed by every major company in crop genetics. During his postdoc in Cambridge, he also initiated and managed, with his colleague Michael W. Bevan, the world's first field release of a transgenic food crop (June 1, 1987), in Trumpington, near Cambridge, UK. The planting date of the experiment was serendipitously one day before that of Monsanto, in Jerseyville, Illinois, which has been widely but incorrectly viewed as the first such trial. In 1989, driven by a need to see the tools of science more broadly accessible and more effectively used in complex environments, <mask> joined the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as senior scientist, the first molecular biologist in this position. Since then he traveled, worked and taught in many developing countries.He left the organization in 1991 to start a non-profit private social enterprise, Cambia. Cambia soon moved to Australia, due to <mask>'s involvement in the Asian rice biotechnology programs of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the proximity to almost half the world's agricultural population. In September 1994, <mask> first articulated the Hologenome Theory of Evolution, at a presentation at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, at a Symposium "A Decade of PCR"     This theory was developed from his molecular and genetic work on glucuronide metabolism by vertebrate-associated microbes, including the role of glucuronidases, sulfatases and other

masks: Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson


title: Richard Anthony Jefferson

texts:
 enzymes in modulating and effecting enterohepatic circulation of steroid hormones. The levels, ratios and timing of steroid hormone de-conjugation (activation) and resorption modulates virtually all aspects of vertebrate ontogeny, physiology and reproduction. The premise for his theory was that natural selection acts on the holobiont comprising a 'scaffold genome' and myriad microbial constituents in diverse ecosystems, selecting for persistence of the set of genetically encoded capabilities. In January 1997, the hologenome theory was extended, informed by further work on the molecular genetics of enteric microbial glucuronide metabolism,  to emphasize the central role of microbially-mediated hormone modulation (MHM) as an essential component of multi-cellularity and vertebrate biology. This led <mask> to coin the term ecotherapeutics, or ecological therapeutics, stating that a major route to improved performance or health of animals or plants would be through the adjustment of microbial populations and their genetic capabilities (microbiota, often now called the microbiomes).The development of theory and its logic were also outlined in detail in his blog in 2007, and summarized in a cover article Jan 9, 2013, by Carrie Arnold in New Scientist

In 1999, <mask> was appointed as Author-in-Chief to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity for the landmark study, submitted to the UN General Assembly, on the contentious genetic technology, colloquially called 'Terminator Technology'. In this study  he coined and defined the term GURT - Genetic Use Restriction Technology and its variants. At Cambia, and with the initial funding and partnership with Rockefeller Foundation's agriculture program, <mask> and the Cambia staff


title: Richard Anthony Jefferson

texts: started to develop key new tools - including the  vectors, released in 1997, and which now are the most widely used plasmids in plant biotechnology. The continuous distribution of thousands of these tools without restrictions throughout the world, the dozens of conducted training courses, and the newly invented open technologies advanced what would become the Biological Open Source initiative, formally launched in 2005. In that year <mask> and colleagues published a landmark paper in Nature  in which they described a new biological open source invention, TransBacter. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer was by far the most common tool for agricultural biotechnology, but due to complex and extensive patenting, and aggressive pursuit of dominant patents by Monsanto, the use of the tool was constrained to merely academic pursuits or by use of multinational corporations under license. Using Patent Lens - the most popular global open full-text patent search engine - founded by <mask> and his colleague Carol Nottenburg in 1999 as CambiaIP Resource - Cambia published the world's first open patent landscape.Using the evidence and clarity obtained from this patent landscape, <mask> and his colleagues designed and created an effective alternative technology that would not be constrained by any of the existing patents (of which there were by then almost a thousand). The technology, called Transbacter involved using three taxes of benign plant-associated bacteria modified with the gene-transfer components from Agrobacterium, to efficiently transfer genes to diverse crop species. "Transbacter" was made available under the first BiOS (Biological Open Source) license, for free to anyone and sent to hundreds of labs worldwide, and was licensed


title: Richard Anthony Jefferson

texts:
 by public sector, small enterprise and multinationals under open principles, with commitments to share improvements with other licensees. The open patent landscape, initially authored by patent experts Nottenburg and Carolina Roa-Rodriguez and later updated by several other Cambia staff, in addition to many other landscapes serve as prototypes of <mask>'s subsequent initiative; open Innovation Cartography

In 2009, with funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, The Lemelson Foundation and the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation, <mask> moved with part of Cambia to the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) in Brisbane, Australia, as Professor of Science, Technology & Law, to direct the global activities on open Innovation Cartography. Known also for his expertise in intellectual property,  <mask> remains active in the promotion of open source biological innovation which has been covered extensively by global media. He served on the World Economic Forum's Global Agenda Council on Intellectual Property for four years, and is on the WEF's Global Agenda Council on the Economics of Innovation. In 2013 Cambia launched The Lens to replace the older Patent Lens and enable broader innovation-focused navigation platforms.<mask> is considered a global leader in social entrepreneurship and is an Outstanding Social Entrepreneur of the Schwab Foundation, and a plenary speaker at the Skoll World Forum. <mask> was also a keynote speaker at Consilience 2016, organised by National Law School of India University, Bengaluru on Intellectual Property and the Commons. References

1956 births
Living people
American molecular biologists
University of California, Santa Barbara alumni
Queensland University of Technology faculty
Australian

masks: Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson


title: Johannes van Heeck

texts:
<mask>, (Deventer 2 February 1579 – presumably Sant'Angelo Romano c.1620), (also known as Johann Heck, Joannes Eck, <mask>, <mask> and <mask>) was a Dutch physician, naturalist, alchemist and astrologer. Together with Prince Federico Cesi, Anastasio de Filiis and Francesco Stelluti, he was one of the four founding members of the Accademia dei Lincei, the first learned society dedicated to understanding of the natural world through scientific enquiry. Family background

<mask> was one of five children in a family of wealthy merchants. His father was Willem, son of <mask>, and his mother was Lutgardt, daughter of Gerrit. Between 1587 and 1591 his father, a Catholic, was one of Deventer's political leaders, elected senator and consul in 1589. For this reason, when Protestant forces under Maurice of Nassau took the city in 1591, <mask> was fined 150 guilders for being a leader of the Catholic party and a collaborator of the hated Philip II of Spain. <mask> received a humanist education, studying Latin, Greek, theology, astronomy and astrology, and making an exact observation of the comet that appeared in 1591, which he described in one of his later treatises as a bad omen for a life full of bitterness and pain.Under Calvinist rule, the position of his family became more precarious in Deventer and eventually his parents decided to send him to Italy to continue his education. Early career
<mask> traveled to Milan, Parma, Ferrara, Venice, Bologna and Rome. He stayed for a while in Spoleto as a guest of Count Gelosi, with whom he maintained a connection throughout his life, and on whose estate was the villa known as the "museum deauratum" where many of his manuscripts were composed. Here he wrote works of a moral literary character, such as his 1596 Epigrammata, as well as medical, magical and astrological topics. Among these was his Liber de Regimine Sanitatis Eorum Qui Studio Litterarum Incumbunt in which,

masks:
Johannes van Heeck
Johannes Heckius
Johannes Eckius
Giovanni Ecchio
Johannes van Heeck
Willem van Heeck
Willem van Heeck
Johannes
Van Heeck


title: Johannes van Heeck

texts:
 Appellatur (Heavenly Care), written for doctors and for all who 'love philosophy'
 Super Plinii II Historias Naturales, a commentary on Pliny's 'Natural History', extended in scope beyond the original, with the ambitious subtitle 'Liber de Mirabilibus Creaturarum Dei' (Book of the Marvels of God's Creation'). In this work, van Heeck dealt with a number of contemporary concerns of natural science, such as geocentric theory and other Copernican views, against which he argued strongly.He practised as a doctor first in Maenza and then in Scandriglia in the province of Rieti, part of the domain of Duke <mask> Orsini. In the course of his medical work, <mask> became involved in a strange dispute. He treated his patients, who were mostly poor, with great zeal, using simple herbal medicines. For this reason he came into conflict with the apothecary of Scandriglia, one Casolini Ranieri, who made his living selling medicines with exotic names, more magical than scientific. Ranieri conceived a firm hatred of the foreign doctor, whose work threatened to ruin his lucrative business. One night Ranieri positioned himself on the route where <mask> habitually passed and attacked him while he was alone. <mask> fell from his horse but fended off his attacker with a sword.Still bleeding from his injuries, he was brought before the magistrate. Despite his plea of self-defense, he was imprisoned. The apothecary later died of his wounds, and <mask> would have been left to rot in prison if he had not been released through the intervention of Prince Federico Cesi, who sent Francesco Stelluti to get him out of prison and then invited him to his house in Rome. The period when Cesi, <mask> and Stelluti lived together after <mask>'s release from prison was one of an intense exchange of ideas and the shaping of plans, which led to the idea of forming a mutual-instruction society. Accademia dei Lincei
This close partnership between

masks:
Giovanni Antonio
van Heeck
van Heeck
Van Heeck
van Heeck
van Heeck
van Heeck


title: Johannes van Heeck

texts:
 Cesi, <mask> and Stelluti soon led to their founding the Accademia dei Lincei, together with Anastasio de Filiis, on 17 August 1603. There is no doubt that <mask> played a key role in the conception and organization of the academy. He was the most experienced, educated and famous member of the group, and he clearly took the lead in many of its ventures, though he was the second youngest among them.Like all its members, he adopted a pseudonym ("Illuminato"), an emblem (a quarter-moon illuminated by a triangle from the sun) and the motto "A Patre luminum" ('from the father of lights'). It was <mask> who chose as the academy's patron saint John the Baptist, the apostle of arcane visions. He also drafted its articles of association and devised its ceremonial. <mask> referred to the Accademia as 'the most sagacious investigators of the secrets of nature, and dedicated to the Paracelsan disciplines' – indicating thereby that like the Swiss physician, they believed that empirical observation was essential for developing an understanding of the world, rather than reliance on established scholarly authorities. There has been speculation that the connections between the Accademia's members were not confined to the intellectual sphere, and, specifically in the case of the relationship between Federico Cesi and <mask> <mask>, that they were probably sexual in nature. Travels in Europe
In the spring of 1604, Prince Cesi's father the Duke of Acquasparta was so concerned about the activities of the Accademia dei Lincei and what he considered the nefarious influence of <mask> over his son that he denounced him to the Roman Inquisition. This effectively broke the four friends up, and <mask> was obliged to leave Rome, embarking on a tour of numerous European countries.He went first to Siena, Pisa and Florence, then to Milan and Turin, where he met <mask> at the Court of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy. Later he

masks:
van Heeck
van Heeck
van Heeck
Van Heeck
Johannes van
Heeck
van Heeck
van Heeck
Giovanni Botero


title: Johannes van Heeck

texts:
 crossed the Alps and went to England, Norway, France, Poland, Germany and Bohemia. While <mask> was travelling, Federico Cesi sent him money regularly, to buy rare books on alchemy and the natural sciences, which were then added to his collection the Accademia dei Lincei. As well as collecting books, objects and rare plants for the Accademia's collections, <mask> was also a kind of roving ambassador, telling educated men in each city about the group's work and publicising its activities to win the sympathy of the powerful and the learned. During his travels, he was attacked by robbers and forced to swallow his membership ring of the Accademia in order to prevent it from falling into the hands of his attackers. After several  months on the road he eventually found a place in Prague at the court of Emperor Rudolf II, an enlightened and generous man who was interested in the research of the Accademia dei Lincei. Rudolf's court was a major international centre for scholars and researchers on many fields, and he owned one of the largest cabinets of curiosities ever assembled.He had been patron to Tycho Brahe until the latter's death in 1601, and at the time of <mask>'s arrival, was still patron to Johan Kepler. The supernova of 1604

In October 1604, a new star was seen. By night, it was the brightest star in the sky, and it was visible during the day as well for more than three weeks, before eventually dimming. Both Lodovico delle Colombe and Kepler published their accounts of the new star in 1606. <mask> was ready to publish before them, sending his manuscript of De Nova Stella Disputatio ('Discussion of the New Star') to Federico Cesi in Rome in January 1605. The critical question for all three writers was whether the new phenomenon could be explained within the generally-accepted model of the universe, known as the Aristotelian model or the Ptolmaic system. This held that the stars were remote, fixed

masks:
van Heeck
van Heeck
van Heeck
Van Heeck


title: Johannes van Heeck

texts: in their positions and unchanging, while movement and variance were associated with the planets, closer to the earth.An unusual event in the sky might take place close to the earth, and could therefore be explained within the standard cosmological model. However, if it took place beyond the planets, this indicated that the stars, contrary to what was commonly believed, could not be fixed in a 'firmament'. Astronomers (still working with the unaided naked eye at this time) took measurements of parallax to determine whether an object was near the earth or far away from it. Cesi believed that the Accademia needed to publish something of scientific significance in order to establish its scholarly credibility, and that a book from <mask> which reaffirmed orthodox Catholic positions would both remove suspicions about the group's activities and pave the way for his return to Rome. <mask>'s theses however posed a number of problems. He critiqued twelve positions put forward by other astronomers on the origins and location of supernovae. Claiming to use the measurement techniques developed by Tycho Brahe, he concluded that the supernova of 1604 showed no sign of parallax, which meant that the event could not have taken place near the earth, among the planets, but must have been located much further away, among the 'fixed' stars of the firmament or perhaps even further beyond.In this, he agreed with Tycho Brahe and other recent astronomers. However he reconciled this conclusion with the Aristotelian model by arguing that the apparently new star was not new at all; while permanent, like other stars, it was only occasionally visible for special reasons. He went further, accusing those who argued for a fluid heaven of writing contrary to Holy Writ, and attacking Tycho Brahe for his religious beliefs as well as for his purported scientific errors. Broadening his polemic against all erroneous ideas, he attacked

masks:
van Heeck
Van Heeck


title: Johannes van Heeck

texts:
 Protestantism, thereby drawing Kepler into his argument. The language and tone of <mask>'s text was most intemperate. He berated the 'babbling new Philosophers' for their 'profane ignorance' and 'stupid ostentation' in departing from Aristotle. Cesi greatly esteemed Kepler, and therefore edited <mask>'s text, removing anything hostile to him or to other astronomers.He also removed much of the defence of the Aristotelian cosmology, as it was important for the Accademia to align itself to new astronomical discoveries and not become entrenched in defending Aristotle. He then had the pamphlet published without the lynx emblem of the Accademia on its frontispiece. <mask> was furious at these editorial changes, which had been undertaken without his knowledge or permission. Later life
<mask>'s correspondence with Cesi in 1604 and 1605 suggest that he was experiencing some kind of crisis of confidence about his relationship with the other Lincei. He wrote at one point of marrying and not returning to Rome, but Cesi prevailed on him to come back. In April 1605 they asked him to prepare a new book attacking heresy, which was perhaps more suited to his interests at the time. In October 1605 he returned to Italy, but went to Rome only briefly in 1606 before leaving Italy again.In 1608 he was in Madrid, where he had apparently gone to see the famous Mexican herbarium in the Escorial. He probably practiced medicine there, and wrote a treatise entitled Politeia Catholica de Bono et Malo cum Civil Antidote, now lost. In 1610, Federico Cesi's father died and this meant that the members of the Accademia could associate more freely. It is perhaps significant that despite this, <mask> still did not return to his friends in Rome. Although he continued to contribute to the work of the Accademia, this was on a more sporadic basis and the apparent crisis in his nerves diminished his involvement. One of the Accademia's

masks:
van Heeck
van Heeck
Van Heeck
Van Heeck
van Heeck


title: Johannes van Heeck

texts:
 original founders, Anastasio de Filiis, had died in 1608 and Cesi invited the elderly and highly esteemed Giambattista della Porta to join in his place. This helped the Accademia to re-establish itself and gave it greatly enhanced respectability after the mistrust it had experienced in its earlier years.The next person to join after Della Porta was Galileo Galilei. Nothing more is known about him until 26 July 1614, when he made a fleeting appearance in Rome, accompanied by Stelluti, for an academic conference on the Greek and Latin languages. A note, probably from 1615, by the Linceian Theophilus Müller at the end of his book 'De Animalibus' indicates that he visited <mask> in the abbey of Sant'Angelo in Capoccia. <mask> appeared to be in the grip of a persecution mania, and told him that the king of Spain was persecuting him and insisting that he marry his daughter. The very last known reference to him is in a minute from the 24 March 1616 meeting of the Accademia dei Lincei, which records that he was temporarily excluded from meetings until he was once again of sound mind. Nothing further is known about him. Selected works
 De nova stella disputatio.Aloisius Zannettus, Rome 1605
 Disputatio de peste et quare praecipue grassatur tot ab hinc annis in Belgio, Deventer 1605 ('Discourse on the Plague, From Whence It Came Why It Lasted So Many Years in The Netherlands')
 Itineraris de septentrionales fructus ('Fruits of a Journey in the North')
 De mundi pernicie et haereticorum insania, quae in hac mundi senecta apud Belgas maxima est ('On the Destruction of the World and the Mania of Heretics, which in This Age of the World is Greatest in the Netherlands')

Notes

References

External links
 scan of the original manuscript in cipher of <mask>'s “Itineris de septentrionales fructus”
 article on deciphering <mask>'s “Itineris de septentrionales fructus”

1579 births
Dutch naturalists
Natural

masks:
van Heeck
Van Heeck
van Heeck
van Heeck


title: Madeleine Humphries

texts:
<mask> (born May 20, 1988), known professionally as <mask> and formerly as <mask> is an American-born Filipino actress and commercial model. She was born in California to a Filipino mother and an Italian-American father. <mask> is best known for her roles as Rita Arguelles in the television drama Bituing Walang Ningning (2006), and as Brenda Smith in the youth-oriented program Abt Ur Luv (2006). She also appeared on the January 2011 cover of FHM Philippines Magazine. <mask> was a member of Star Magic, ABS-CBN's circle of homegrown talents from 2003 to early 2009. In March 2010, she joined TV5's line-up of talents. In 2013, she starred in the action film 10,000 Hours alongside Robin Padilla where she was nominated for Best Supporting Actress.Career

Early career

<mask> was discovered in 1999 at the age of 11 by Johnny Manahan, the director of the ABS-CBN Talent Center (now known as Star Magic) She was invited to join the Talent Center's acting workshops and audition as a Talent Center artist after Manahan saw her perform in her school's Recognition Day program. Humphries attended workshops in various disciplines, including acting, singing, and personality development over the course of two years. She was accepted and launched as a member of Star Circle Batch 11 in May 2003. After her launch, Humphries began appearing in one-time guest supporting roles on various shows on the ABS-CBN network. Her first recurring guest role came in late 2003, when she was cast as a fashion model named "Paris" in the youth-oriented TV show Berks. In the show, Paris subsequently became the girlfriend of Berks regular, Ketchup (portrayed by Ketchup Eusebio). The role would be the first time Humphries is paired with a comedian, a pattern that is later repeated in the TV show Qpids.In 2004, <mask> appeared in a

masks:
Madeleine Lauren Humphries
Madeleine Humphries
Carla Humphries
Humphries
Humphries
Humphries
Humphries


title: Madeleine Humphries

texts: supporting role in her first movie, My First Romance, as a friend of the lead character portrayed by Heart Evangelista. She was also cast that same year in her first primetime recurring guest role as "Penelope" in the TV series Sarah, the Teen Princess where she was positioned as a romantic rival of the show's lead character portrayed by Sarah Geronimo. In 2005, <mask> was cast in ABS-CBN's Reality Loveteam Search Qpids in 2005, where she and her loveteam partner Janus del Prado emerged as the Qpids Voter's Choice for receiving the most votes from viewers through phone calls and SMS text messages. Qpids was where the stage name "<mask>-Loren" was first used, with the intent to eventually transition her stage name to "Carla Loren" ostensibly to improve her name recall among Filipino viewers. After Qpids, however, Humphries continued to be credited as "<mask>." In 2006, Humphries and loveteam partner Janus del Prado were cast in the Langis episode of Maalaala Mo Kaya, a drama anthology on ABS-CBN, where Humphries' performance garnered glowing reviews from the local entertainment press. In the same year, <mask> was cast as "Rita Arguelles" in the primetime drama series Bituing Walang Ningning, which starred Sarah Geronimo and Angelika dela Cruz.The series ran for 21 weeks during which time one of her shampoo commercials also began airing in the Philippines. <mask> also appeared that same year in supporting roles in two well-received Star Cinema movies, D' Lucky Ones and First Day High. <mask> was also cast as one of the four lead characters in the youth-oriented TV series Star Magic Presents: Abt Ur Luv, which began airing in November 2006. The show launched her new loveteam with Victor Basa, won Best Youth Oriented Program at the 21st PMPC Star Awards (2007), and aired a total of 57

masks:
Humphries
Carla Humphries
Carla Humphries
Humphries
Humphries
Humphries


title: Madeleine Humphries

texts:
 episodes. The series finale aired on January 5, 2008. In 2008, <mask> joined the cast of Palos—a primetime action / drama TV series on the ABS-CBN network where she was cast as a medical doctor who also happens to be the First Daughter of the Republic of the Philippines. The role is a departure from the teen and youth-oriented roles that <mask> has portrayed since her launch as a Star Magic artist in 2003.After Palos ended, <mask> also appeared on Ligaw na Bulaklak, an afternoon drama series that began airing on the ABS-CBN network in May 2008. <mask> was handpicked to play Joanna Bonifacio in the film adaptation of the crime novel Smaller and Smaller Circles. In 2019, she appeared in the Greenpeace Philippines short film Before We Disappear where she was first credited using her current screen name. Print and on-cam modelling

In 2003 shortly after her launch, <mask> began appearing in local style and fashion magazines intended for the teen market. In 2004, she landed her first magazine cover with Pink and appeared for the first time in Metro Weddings, an upscale magazine targeted at the bridal market. Also in the same year, <mask> appeared in her first TV commercial for Globe Telecom's GenTxt club. In 2006, she landed her first multi-country TV commercial for Sunsilk shampoo.Her commercials were aired in 6 countries in the Asian region. In 2009, she appeared in another Globe TV commercial. featuring the mobile company's postpaid phone plans. In 2011, she was on the cover of the January issue of FHM Philippines. Personal life

Humphries was in a relationship with actor Janus del Prado. She also previously dated John James Uy. Family
Humphries is the second of four children born to a Filipina mother and an Italian-American father who grew up in France.Humphries and older brother Alec

masks: Humphries Humphries Humphries Humphries Humphries Humphries


title: Madeleine Humphries

texts:
 were born in the United States, while her two younger siblings Nicolas and Samantha were born in France and the Philippines, respectively. Education
<mask> studied in French schools until her mother transferred her to the ABS-CBN Distance Learning Center (DLC) in Manila, where she obtained her high school diploma. She enrolled and attended one year at the University of Santo Tomas to study fine arts, before transferring to the Centre for International Education (CIE) to study entrepreneurship, whose more flexible schedule allowed her to pursue her acting career without giving up her studies. <mask> also holds a Gemology Institute of America (GIA) Jewelry Design Certificate after completing the 9-week Jewelry Design class at the GIA in Bangkok, Thailand. Interests
Humphries dabbles in both music and art, and at one point entertained the idea of working in a museum or a gallery. She has been painting since she was eight years old: "I have always loved drawing and was always best in drawing in school. After that, I did after-class painting workshops.I love painting abstracts and landscapes. My works either reflect me, or they're sceneries. But I don't consider myself a professional." Filmography

Television

Film

Theater

Music videos

Awards and nominations

Notes

References

External links

1988 births
ABS-CBN personalities
Star Magic
Viva Artists Agency
21st-century American actresses
American emigrants to the Philippines
Filipino child actresses
Filipino film actresses
Filipino television actresses
American child actresses
Filipino people of Italian descent
Filipino people of French descent
American people of Italian descent
Living people
Actresses from California
Participants in Philippine reality television series
University of Santo Tomas alumni
Filipino female models
Star Magic

masks: Humphries Humphries


title: Pekko Käppi

texts:
<mask> (born 1976) is a jouhikko musician from Tampere and a part-time teacher at the Sibelius Academy. He is also a composer, a producer and a researcher. He is trained as an ethnomusicologist, specializing in traditional folk music. He performs together with his band K:H:H:L, which stands for ‘the bones of dead horses out of control’. Early life
In 1993–94, when he was 17 years old, Käppi spent a year in the United States as an exchange student. The son of his host family was a fan of Grateful Dead, and through him Käppi became familiar with the band's music, which consisted of rock and improvised music based on folk music. This provoked his interest in the sources of that music, and especially in Finnish folk music.Another important influence for Käppi has been Värttinä, which caused him to look into the folk music collections of his local library. In 1997, Käppi got a chance to study folk music in Kaustinen, at the Ala-Könni Folk High School, where he began to play the jouhikko. At the time, he was frustrated with the guitar and felt it had too many strings and too much of everything in general. In 1998, Käppi played in the streets with a friend, who played the bagpipe. The sound of the jouhikko could barely be heard, and Käppi felt he needed an amplifier. The device had to be a small one, so he could carry it around, but the result was that he had to crank it up, thus producing a distorted sound. This is how he found his own sound, which has remained almost unchanged ever since then.Solo career
Käppi released his debut record, a four-song EP in Kalastajia ja kaivostyöläisiä (‘Fishermen and Miners’) 2001. It was said that it “brought to one’s


title: Pekko Käppi

texts:
 mind the field recordings of cultural anthropologists, a breath of air from some mystical past. It had an intriguing atmosphere and at the same time it was aesthetically pleasant.” Since then he has released three more EPs and two albums of collaborations as well as three solo albums and three albums with K:H:H:L.

On his first full album, Jos ken pahoin uneksii (‘If you have a bad dream’), Käppi “creates a laudable palette of songs. At first, it appears to be a pure folk music album, but that’s not what it is. The first song, Mariainen, draws masterfully from the delta blues, and the final song, Vanhan virsikirjan virsi 277 (‘Hymn 277 from the old hymnal’) brings the listener back to Finnish traditions. During the rest of the songs he goes through a rich variety of styles, which one would not first associate with a jouhikko player. <mask>'s voice, which at times reminds one of that of Tuomari Nurmio, combined with traditional music, brings to one's mind The Incredible String Band.If it is allowed to be psychedelic in folk music, then Käppi is the leading figure in it in our country”, wrote Jaan Wessman for the music journal Soundi. The second album, Vuonna ’86 (‘In the year ’86’), gave rise to the following critique: “It seems that in Tampere there exists some kind of version of the Star Trekian disturbance in the spacetime continuum. A lot of folk music of other dimensions has originated from there during the last few years. The new release by <mask> Käppi, too, draws partially from the same Ugric marsh as did the fine album Jos ken pahoin uneksii (2007), but from a great many other places as well.”

The critique of the third album, Rammat

masks: Käppi Pekko


title: Pekko Käppi

texts:
 Jumalat (‘lame gods’), says that “on record or at a gig [Käppi’s music] is not only easy to approach but simply irresistible. Rammat jumalat makes it even easier to approach with its stylish band approach, in which Käppi’s multitoned jouhikko rock blends with a hypnotic sound frame reminiscent of the ragged blues of Tom Waits and Tuomari Nurmio. The tones of folk music are just one ingredient in his soulful and liberated kind of organic rock. The compositions are by Käppi, and in his lyrics traditional croaking blends with his lyricist’s heavy message.The riffs swing and the melodies are catchy, and the songs are exceptionally strong. But in spite of this, the strongest ace of the record is Käppi’s voice. He has a sound all of his own, full of touching soul and unpredictable power. His unusual phrasing sounds completely natural. One must look far in the history of Afroamerican music to find similarly convincing performers who sing with the voice of a ‘sensitive bad guy’. We have never before heard the likes of him in Finland.”

<mask> Käppi & K:H:H:L.
Since 2015, <mask> has released three albums with K:H:H:L, in which he was joined by Tommi Laine (guitars) and Nuutti Vapaavuori (bass), along with Jani Auvinen (drums and percussion) for his most recent gigs. The band emerged from the sessions of Rammat Jumalat, “and from the beginning it was clear that the next album would be a band effort.In the critique of the first album, Sanguis Meus, Mama!, it was said that “Käppi understands the connection between the original Ugric spirit and the blues. There are riffs and rhythmic patters here into which one could run on the records of Tuareg bands. The

masks: Pekko Käppi