title: Chester Crocker

texts:
 African opening to the outside world, which Crocker's diplomacy ultimately brokered and which produced the Cuban troop withdrawal from Angola and the Namibian independence in 1989, was a fundamental factor in impelling P. W. Botha's successor, F. W. De Klerk, in the direction of releasing Mandela and opening the political process to black South African participation." Martti Ahtisaari was also of the opinion that the policy of constructive engagement acted as an undeniable catalyst for resolution. He remarked that "those of us close to the matter were aware that if nothing new was put forward we would remain in this situation for the rest of our lives.But we couldn't declare publicly that this was an excellent idea – although in the final analysis it was a bold and adroit move by Crocker." Notable positions held
From 1969-70 Crocker was Professional Lecturer in African Government and Politics at the American University, before he left to join the National Security Council staff. He returned to academia in 1972, as Director of the Master of Science in Foreign Service Program at Georgetown University, a position he held until 1978. He held several other professorial roles, including director of African Studies at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (1976–80) and James R. Schlesinger Professor in the Practice of Strategic Studies at Georgetown University (1999–present). Other notable positions held include service at the United States Institute of Peace, which supports research, education and training, as well as operating programs in conflict zones. He held the position of Chairman of the Board from 1992 to 2004, after which <mask> continued on as a Board Member until 2011. He is also a member of the Global Leadership Foundation, an independent, non-profit organisation which lends the expertise of established diplomats and world leaders to current governments.From May 2014 Crocker acted as a distinguished fellow with CIGI's Global Security & Politics Program, leading a project that examines


title: Chester Crocker

type: original

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 Africa's regional conflict management strategy. In addition to these, Crocker sits on the Board of Directors for the International Peace and Security Institute, which offers intensive education and training to young professionals from world leaders in an effort to promote peaceful diplomacy. Awards
In 1989, Ronald Reagan awarded Crocker with the Presidential Citizen's Medal. In 1992, Crocker was awarded an honorary doctorate from Rhodes University. On September 18, 2008, Crocker was appointed to the World Bank's new Independent Advisory Board, (IAB), which will provide advice on anti-corruption measures. List of Affiliations
G3 Good Governance Group – Group Executive Chairman
 Global Leadership Foundation – Founder and Board Member
 International Peace and Security Institute, Board of Directors
 U.S. Institute of Peace – Board of Directors
 Georgetown University School of Foreign Service – James R. Schlesinger Professor in the Practice of Strategic Studies
 Center for International Governance Innovation – Distinguished Fellow
 Universal Corporation, Inc – Board Member
 Ngena Foundation – Board Member
 International Advisory Board, International Affairs (Chatham House) - Member
 Council on Foreign Relations – Member
 International Institute of Strategic Studies – Member
 American Academy of Diplomacy - Member

List of Published Works
 <mask>, High Noon in Southern Africa: Making Peace in a Rough Neighborhood. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 1992.<mask> and David Smock, African Conflict Resolution: The U.S. Role. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace, 1995. <mask> and Fen Osler Hampson, Managing Global Chaos: Origins of and Responses to International Conflict. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace, 1996. <mask>, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, Herding Cats: Multiparty Mediation in a Complex World. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace, 1999. <mask>, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, Turbulent Peace: The Challenges of Managing International Conflict.Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace Press,

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title: Chester Crocker

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 2001. <mask>, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, Taming Intractable Conflicts: Mediation in the Hardest Cases. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace Press, 2004. <mask>, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, Grasping the Nettle: Analyzing Cases of Intractable Conflict. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 2005. <mask> <mask>, Fen Osler Hampson, and Pamela Aall, ed. Leashing the Dogs of War: Conflict Management in a Divided World.Washington D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 2007. <mask>, Casimir Yost, and Thomas Pickering, America's Role in the World: Foreign Policy Choices for the Next Administration. Washington D.C.: Institute for the Study of Diplomacy, 2008. <mask>, Fen Osler Hampson, and Pamela Aall, Rewiring Regional Security in a Fragmented World. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace Press, 2010. <mask><mask>, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall (ed. ), Managing Conflict in a World Adrift (2015)
 <mask><mask> and Pamela Aall, ed.Minding the Gap: African Conflict Management in a Time of Change. Canada: Centre for International Governance Innovation, 2016. References

Further reading
 Campbell, Horace. "Constructive Engagement? <mask> and American Policy in South Africa, Namibia and Angola 1981-1988." International Journal of African Historical Studies (2008): 333-336. <mask>, <mask>.High Noon in Southern Africa: Making Peace in a Rough Neighborhood (1992). 533 pp; his memoir. Kagan-Guthrie, Zachary. "<mask> and the South African Border War, 1981–1989: A Reappraisal of Linkage." Journal of Southern African Studies 35.1 (2009): 65-80. External links
Interview with <mask> about Southern Africa from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives

1941 births
Assistant Secretaries of State for African Affairs
American diplomats
Cold War diplomats
Walsh School of Foreign Service faculty
International relations scholars
Living people
United States Assistant Secretaries of State
Ohio State University College of Arts and Sciences alumni
Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International

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title: Maria Clementina Sobieska

texts:
<mask> (; 18 July 1702 – 18 January 1735) a titular queen of England, Scotland and Ireland by marriage to James Francis Edward Stuart, a Jacobite claimant to the British throne. The granddaughter of the Polish king John III Sobieski, she was the mother of Charles Edward Stuart, aka "Bonnie Prince Charlie", and of Cardinal Henry Benedict Stuart. Biography

Early life
She was born on  18 July 1702 in Oława (Ohlau), Silesia, then part of the Holy Roman Empire and now in Poland. Her parents were James Louis Sobieski (1667–1737), the eldest son of King John III, and Countess Palatine Hedwig Elisabeth of Neuburg (1673–1722). Her older sister <mask> (known as Charlotte) was the Duchess of Bouillon by marriage. Marriage
Being one of Europe's wealthiest heiresses from inheriting vast estates in Poland from her paternal grandfather, she was betrothed to James Francis Edward Stuart. King George I of Great Britain was opposed to the marriage because he feared that the union might produce heirs to James Francis Edward's claim to his thrones.To placate him, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI (<mask>'s own maternal first cousin) had her arrested while on her way to Italy to marry James Francis Edward. She was confined in Innsbruck Castle but eventually the guards were deceived and, with the help of Charles Wogan, <mask> escaped to Bologna, where, for safety from further intrusions, she was married by proxy to James, who was in Spain at that time. <mask>'s father, James Louis Sobieski, approved her escape, declaring that, as she became engaged to James Francis Edward, she ought to "follow his fortune and his cause". <mask> and James Francis Edward were formally married on 3 September 1719 in the chapel of the episcopal palace of Montefiascone, Italy, in the

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Maria Clementina Sobieska
Maria Karolina
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Maria Clementina
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Maria Clementina


title: Maria Clementina Sobieska

texts:
 Cathedral of Santa Margherita. Following their marriage, James and <mask> were invited to reside in Rome at the special request of Pope Clement XI, who acknowledged them as the king and queen of England, Scotland and Ireland. Titular queen
The Pope provided them with a papal guard of troops and gave them the Palazzo Muti in the Piazza dei Santi Apostoli in Rome to live in, as well as a country villa at Albano. The Catholic Church also provided them with an annual allowance of 12,000 crowns out of the papal treasury.Popes Clement XI and Innocent XIII considered James and <mask>ina, both Catholics, the rightful king and queen of England, Scotland and Ireland. The married life of James and <mask> proved turbulent and unhappy. Reportedly, James initially had a favourable impression of her because of her beauty, while she disliked him because of his lack of it, as well as his passive nature. She befriended the governess of her son, a Mrs Sheldon, who became her confidant and favourite. On the other hand, she disliked the influence of James's favourite John Hay of Cromlix and his wife Marjorie, and reportedly, she suspected James of having an affair with Marjorie Hay. In 1725, soon after their second child's birth, James fired Sheldon and appointed James Murray as the guardian of their sons against the wishes of <mask>. She left him and went to live in convent of St. Cecilia in Rome with her favourite Sheldon and the rest of her personal retinue.She accused her husband of adultery, while he said it was sinful to leave him and her children. Upon the advice of Cardinal Alberoni, who claimed it was her only chance to gain support against her husband, <mask> claimed that James wished to give his son a Protestant education. This claim secured her the

masks:
Maria Clementina
Maria Clement
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title: Maria Clementina Sobieska

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 support of the Pope as well as the Kingdom of Spain against James and the sympathy of the public when she demanded that James remove the Duke of Dunbar and the Hays from his court and reinstate Sheldon in her position. In April 1726, James granted her sons permission to visit her. The whole affair was seen as a scandal in Europe and reported about by anti-Jacobite agents in Rome. In May 1727, through the mediation of the duke of Liria, James removed the Hay couple from his court, and in January 1728, <mask> and James reconciled in Bologna. In practice, however, <mask> and James lived the rest of their marriage separated: James preferred to reside in Albano, while <mask> lived in the Palazzo Muti in Rome.She was prone to depression, spending much of her time praying and submitting to religious fasting and other Catholic ascetic rituals, which is thought to have played a role in the fact that she never conceived again. Her sexual relations with James soon discontinued; they seldom dined together, and though they were officially reconciled, she preferred to avoid him outside formal occasions. <mask> did perform the ceremonial functions she had as Jacobite queen: in June 1729, for example, she gave an audience for Montesquieu. Her favourite Mrs Sheldon did not officially reside at the Jacobite court, but she provided her with a residence close to it, and kept her as a confidante. Her relation to her younger son was not close, as he was his father's favourite, but she was close to their elder son Charles, who was his mother's favourite: during an illness of Charles in 1732, for example, <mask> tended to him despite the fact that he fell ill in Albano and she was thus forced to meet James. Death
Her health was weakened by her ascetic life style and

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title: Maria Clementina Sobieska

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 deteriorated as the years went by. <mask> died at the early age of 32 on 18 January 1735.She was interred with full royal honours in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope Clement XII ordered that she have a state burial. Pope Benedict XIV commissioned Pietro Bracci (1700–1773) to sculpt a monument to her memory, which was erected in the Basilica. Issue
<mask> and James Francis Edward had two sons:

Charles Edward Louis Philip John Casimir Stuart (31 December 1720 – 31 January 1788), aka "Bonnie Prince Charlie", married Louise of Stolberg-Gedern and had no issue; had affair with his cousin Marie Louise de La Tour d'Auvergne and had issue; had issue with his mistress <mask> Walkinshaw;
Henry Benedict <mask> Thomas Francis Xavier Stuart (11 March 1725 – 13 July 1807), later known as the Cardinal Duke of York, never married. Ancestry

Gallery

References

External links
Nuptials of <mask> Sobieska at the Wilanów Palace Museum
 Gaetano Platania, Angielskie małżeństwo ;arii Klementyny Sobieskiej, in "Sobótka", 2, 1980, pp. 401–410. Gaetano Platania, Morte di <mask> <mask> Stuart: il caso di Michele Marieschi progettista di apparati funebri, in ARTE/Documento.Rivista di Storia e tutela dei Beni Culturali, 4, 1990, pp. 164–173. Gaetano Platania, La politica europea e il matrimonio inglese di una principessa polacca: <mask> <mask>, Accademia Polacca delle Scienze-Biblioteca e Centro Studi a Roma, Manziana (Roma), Vecchiarelli editore, 1993. Gaetano Platania, Viaggio a Roma sede d'esilio. Sovrane alla conquista di Roma: secoli XVII-XVIII, Istituto Nazionale di Studi Romani, Roma 2002, pp. 99–118. 1702 births
1735 deaths
<mask>ina
<mask>ina
Jacobites
18th-century Polish novelists
18th-century Polish women
Burials at St. Peter's Basilica
Polish people of

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title: Jerryd Bayless

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<mask> (born August 20, 1988) is an American former  professional basketball player. He played a year of college basketball for the Arizona Wildcats after playing high school basketball at St. Mary's High School in Phoenix, where he scored a career-high 52 points in a loss to eventual state champions, Mesa Mountain View. He was selected 11th overall in the 2008 NBA draft by the Indiana Pacers and was then traded to the Portland Trail Blazers. College career
As a freshman at Arizona in 2007–08, <mask> led the Wildcats in scoring with average of 19.7 points per game with 45.8% shooting (40.7% 3-point shooting). He also averaged 4.0 assists and 2.7 rebounds and 35.7 minutes per game in 30 games. He became the first freshman in school history to lead Arizona in scoring, as well as the first freshman to win team MVP honors since Sean Elliott did so in 1985–86. He earned multiple awards including All-Pac-10 second team and All-Freshman honors, First Team All-District honors by the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC) and United States Basketball Writers Association (USBWA), named Honorable Mention All-America by The Associated Press, and was a finalist for the Wooden Award.The Wildcats finished the regular season with a 19–14 record (8–10 in the Pac-10), making it through to the first round of the NCAA tournament where they lost to West Virginia. On April 5, 2008, he declared for the NBA draft, forgoing his final three years of college eligibility. Professional career

Portland Trail Blazers (2008–2010)
<mask> was selected by the Indiana Pacers with the 11th overall pick in the 2008 NBA draft. He was subsequently traded by Indiana with Ike Diogu

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Jerryd Andrew Bayless
Bayless
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title: Jerryd Bayless

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 to the Portland Trail Blazers in exchange for Jarrett Jack, Josh McRoberts and Brandon Rush on July 9. At the 2008 Las Vegas Summer League, he earned the Most Valuable Player award after leading the league in scoring at 29.8 points per game and leading the Trail Blazers to a 3–2 win/loss record. <mask> scored a career-high 31 points on December 23, 2009 against the San Antonio Spurs, setting a franchise record for points by a Trail Blazer making his first career start. New Orleans Hornets (2010)
<mask> was traded by the Trail Blazers to the New Orleans Hornets in exchange for a 2011 first-round draft pick that would become Tobias Harris on October 23, 2010.Toronto Raptors (2010–2012)
<mask> was traded by New Orleans with Peja Stojaković to the Toronto Raptors in exchange for David Andersen, Marcus Banks and Jarrett Jack on November 20, 2010. On December 11, 2010, he tied his career-high of 31 points against the Detroit Pistons. He recorded a double-double with 11 points and 10 assists on February 22, 2011 against the Charlotte Bobcats, tying career-highs by shooting 11-of-12 from the free throw line, making him the first NBA player to record a points/assists double-double without a made field goal since Magic Johnson did so in 1996. In the lockout shortened 2011–12 season, <mask> set career-highs in scoring (11.4 points), assists (3.8), FG% (.424), 3P% (.423) and FT% (.852) in 31 games (11 starts). Memphis Grizzlies (2012–2014)
On July 13, 2012, <mask> signed a two-year deal with the Memphis Grizzlies. On June 30, 2013, he exercised his player option with the Grizzlies for the 2013–14 season. Boston Celtics (2014)
On January 7, 2014, <mask> was traded

masks: Bayless Bayless Bayless Bayless Bayless Bayless


title: Jerryd Bayless

texts:
 to the Boston Celtics in a three-team trade that involved the Grizzlies and the Oklahoma City Thunder.Milwaukee Bucks (2014–2016)

On July 31, 2014, <mask> signed with the Milwaukee Bucks. He had a solid first half of the 2014–15 season before his form dropped post All-Star break. During the season, <mask> was often relied upon to carry a significant load as he knew the system and head coach Jason Kidd's trust. This was especially true in the first week that followed the All-Star break, as newly acquired Michael Carter-Williams was still nursing a toe-injury. On December 28, 2015, <mask> returned to the Bucks' lineup after missing 11 games with a left ankle sprain and led Milwaukee with 19 points and seven assists off the bench in a loss to the Dallas Mavericks. He later missed six games in early January with the same injury, and a further five games in late February with a left knee injury. Philadelphia 76ers (2016–2018)
On July 13, 2016, <mask> signed with the Philadelphia 76ers.Due to a left wrist injury, <mask> was assigned to the Delaware 87ers of the NBA Development League on November 14 for an injury rehabilitation assignment. He was recalled on November 16 and made his season debut for the 76ers on November 21 after missing the first 13 games of the season; he scored four points in 16 minutes against the Miami Heat. He made three appearances for the 76ers before the injury forced him to the sidelines again. On December 15, he was ruled out for the rest of the season after he underwent successful surgery to repair a torn ligament in his left wrist. <mask> started the first seven games of the 2017–18 season before quickly lost his starting job


title: Jerryd Bayless

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 and then had his thumb injury resurface. After missing six games, he returned to the rotation, but he struggled with his shot and defense. With the young talent that was emerging on the roster, <mask> found himself out of the rotation by mid-January.<mask> sat out the start of the 2018–19 season to rehabilitate a hyperextended right knee. Minnesota Timberwolves (2018–2019)
On November 12, 2018, <mask> was traded to the Minnesota Timberwolves, along with Robert Covington, Dario Šarić and a 2022 second-round pick, in exchange for Jimmy Butler and Justin Patton. He made his season debut on December 21 against the San Antonio Spurs. On January 30, 2019, he recorded 19 points and a career-high 12 assists in a 99–97 overtime win over the Memphis Grizzlies. It was his first double-double since November 7, 2015, and just the fifth of his career. 9 overall recruit and the No. 2 shooting guard by both Scout.com and Rivals.com.College
2008 Second-team All-Pac-10
2018 University of Arizona Ring of Honor

See also

2006 high school boys basketball All-Americans

References

External links

Milwaukee Bucks bio
Official website
Arizona bio

1988 births
Living people
American expatriate basketball people in Canada
American men's basketball players
Arizona Wildcats men's basketball players
Basketball players from Phoenix, Arizona
Boston Celtics players
Indiana Pacers draft picks
McDonald's High School All-Americans
Memphis Grizzlies players
Milwaukee Bucks players
Minnesota Timberwolves players
New Orleans Hornets players
Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball)
Philadelphia 76ers players
Portland Trail Blazers players
Shooting guards
Toronto Raptors

masks: Bayless Bayless Bayless


title: Steve Young

texts:
<mask> (born October 11, 1961) is an American former professional football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 15 seasons, primarily with the San Francisco 49ers. He also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Prior to his NFL career, he was a member of the Los Angeles Express in the United States Football League (USFL) for two seasons. <mask> played college football for Brigham Young University (BYU), setting school and NCAA records en route to being runner-up for the 1983 Heisman Trophy. <mask> was named the AP's NFL Most Valuable Player in 1992 and 1994, and was the MVP of Super Bowl XXIX. During his 1994 MVP campaign, he set a new NFL record for passer rating at 112.8. He is a member of the College Football Hall of Fame and the Pro Football Hall of Fame.<mask> was an extremely efficient passer – leading the league in passer rating a record six times, and completion percentage and yards per attempt five times. At the time of his retirement, he had the highest passer rating among NFL quarterbacks with at least 1,500 passing attempts (96.8). As of the end of the 2020 season, he is ranked tenth all-time in passer rating, and is ranked fourth highest amongst retired players, behind only Drew Brees, Tom Brady, and Tony Romo. His 43 career rushing touchdowns are second among quarterbacks, while his 4,239 rushing yards ranks fifth all time. Early years
Born in Salt Lake City, Utah, <mask> attended Greenwich High School in Greenwich, Connecticut, where he played quarterback on its Cardinals football team. He earned 1978 All-FCIAC West Division First Team honors in his junior year, his first year as a starter. In his senior year he rushed

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 for 13 touchdowns and earned All-FCIAC West Division First Team honors, and was named to the CIAC All-State team.In the rush-first option offense run by Greenwich he completed only 41 percent of his throws for 1,220 yards, but ran the ball 267 times for 1,928 yards. On Thanksgiving Day in November 1979, Greenwich lost to Darien High School, known for its "Tidal Wave Defense", 17–0. During his senior year, he was co-captain of the football, basketball and baseball teams. In basketball, he averaged 15 points a game. In baseball, he hit .384 and played center field when he wasn't pitching. He was 5–1 and threw a 3–0 no-hitter against New Canaan High School. College football
<mask> was heavily recruited by the University of North Carolina.Coach Dick Crum was enamored by <mask>'s running ability, and wanted him to run his option offense. <mask> instead chose BYU. Initially, he struggled at throwing the ball, and BYU's coaching staff considered switching him to defensive back because of his athleticism. However, he worked hard to improve his passing skills and eventually succeeded record-setting Jim McMahon as BYU's starting QB. <mask>'s senior season (1983) was spectacular. He passed for 3,902 yards and 33 touchdowns in the regular season, and his 71.3% completion percentage set an NCAA single-season record. He also added 544 yards rushing.With <mask> at quarterback, BYU set an NCAA record by averaging 584.2 yards of total offense per game, with 370.5 of those yards coming from <mask>'s passing and rushing. The Cougars finished the year with an impressive 11–1 record; <mask> was named a unanimous All-American and received the Davey O'Brien National Quarterback

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 Award, which recognizes the nation's best collegiate quarterback each year. He also finished second in voting for the Heisman Trophy, behind Nebraska running back Mike Rozier. <mask> capped his college career by scoring the game-winning touchdown on a pass from the halfback in BYU's 21–17 victory over Missouri in the 1983 Holiday Bowl. <mask> finished his college career with 592 pass completions for 7,733 yards and 56 touchdowns, along with 1,048 yards and 18 touchdowns rushing. He was enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame in 2001. Professional football

USFL

Los Angeles Express
<mask> was selected by the Los Angeles Express in the first round (11th overall) of the 1984 USFL Draft.He signed a record ten-year, $40 million contract with the Express in  He agreed to take his payment in the form of an annuity paid out over forty years to help the fledgling team. It was taken for granted that <mask> would be the first pick in the 1984 NFL Draft, and that he would be selected by the Cincinnati Bengals, who were three years removed from the Super Bowl and had landed the No. 1 pick in a trade with the then-moribund Tampa Bay Buccaneers. However, the Bengals still had Ken Anderson as their quarterback and planned to have <mask> sit behind Anderson for the 1984 season before possibly taking over in 1985. <mask> found that prospect unappealing, which opened the door for the Express. Express general manager Don Klosterman told <mask> that if he signed with the Express, his head coach would be John Hadl, a former All-Pro quarterback who had shepherded John Elway through his first year in the NFL. Klosterman also told <mask> that Hall of Fame coach Sid Gillman,

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texts: who had been hired as a consultant, would tutor him on how to be a pro quarterback.<mask> was convinced, and signed with the Express. At the time, it was another huge signing by the fledgling league, which had already succeeded in signing both the reigning Heisman Trophy winner, running back Mike Rozier of Nebraska; and the previous winner, Georgia running back Herschel Walker. After missing the first six games of his rookie season while taking some college classes in order to graduate on time, <mask> started the final twelve. He had a respectable year, highlighted by becoming the first pro football player ever to pass for 300 yards and rush for 100 in a single game. Despite being surrounded with talent which included such future NFL players as Jojo Townsell, Mel Gray, and Kevin Nelson, and making the playoffs in <mask>'s first season, the Express was never able to create a sustaining fan base in Los Angeles. Late in the season, The New York Times published an investigation of owner J. William Oldenburg's finances that suggested Oldenburg was not as well off as he claimed. The FBI had been investigating Oldenburg since the middle of the season.A week after the Times article, Oldenburg stopped paying the Express' bills, forcing the league to draw on the team's emergency line of credit to keep it going through the playoffs. Houston Gamblers minority partner Jay Roulier stepped in to buy the team, only to be pushed out when it emerged that he too had misrepresented his net worth. The league took control of the team and cut expenditures to the bare minimum. The other teams made contributions to keep the Express going through the season – enough to meet payroll,

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 but not much else. Under the circumstances, the 1985 season rapidly became a fiasco. Before one game, the team bus driver refused to drive the Express to their final home game – which had been moved to Los Angeles Pierce College in the San Fernando Valley – unless he was paid up front in cash. <mask> contributed some money, as did the team trainer, and the driver took them to the game.In the season finale at Orlando, <mask> had to line up at tailback because a rash of injuries had left the Express without any healthy running backs. The owners had refused to allocate any money to allow the Express to replace injured players. It was reported that <mask> had insured the contract and would still be paid until 2027. However, a 1985 Los Angeles Times article stated that he received a $1.4 million settlement on the annuity. The league ceased operations in 1986 after losing most of its claims in an antitrust suit against the NFL, with its top talent absorbed by the NFL in a dispersal draft conducted in the aftermath. NFL

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
<mask> grew increasingly dissatisfied with the disarray surrounding the Express. Just a week before what proved to be the last USFL title game, <mask> gave the USFL an ultimatum – find a new owner for the Express, or allow him to buy out his contract and go to the NFL.Soon after the league decided to suspend the Express's operations for the 1986 season, <mask> bought out his Express contract and signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, who had made him the first pick in a supplemental draft of USFL and CFL players a year earlier. By this time, the Bucs were in the midst of what would be 12 consecutive 10-loss seasons. They posted

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 identical 2–14 records in <mask>'s two seasons with them, going 3–16 with him as a starter. <mask> threw for only 11 touchdowns with 21 interceptions while completing fewer than 55% of his passes. San Francisco 49ers
The Buccaneers selected University of Miami quarterback Vinny Testaverde first overall in the 1987 NFL Draft because <mask> was deemed a bust. <mask> was traded to the San Francisco 49ers on April 24, 1987 to serve as a backup to Joe Montana. 49ers coach Bill Walsh was impressed by <mask>'s natural abilities, and believed his lackluster numbers were primarily due to the lack of talent around him in Tampa Bay.The Buccaneers received second and fourth round draft picks in the trade, which they used to draft Miami linebacker Winston Moss, and Arizona State wide receiver Bruce Hill, respectively. Montana's backup: 1987–1990

<mask> played behind Montana for four years, but shone as a backup. Substituting for an injured Montana, early in the first quarter of a 1987 game against the Chicago Bears, he threw four touchdown passes in a 41–0 victory. In their 1987 divisional playoff game against the Minnesota Vikings, he replaced Montana in the second half after the team fell behind 27–10. The 49ers still lost the game, but <mask> had a good performance, completing 12 of 17 pass attempts for 158 yards and a touchdown, with one interception, while also leading San Francisco in rushing with 72 yards and a touchdown on six carries. On October 30, 1988, <mask> ran for a 49-yard, game-winning touchdown against the Vikings. He started the game out with a 73-yard touchdown pass to John Taylor, after Montana went down with an injury.The play earned the 49ers a


title: Steve Young

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 24–21 victory and a bit of revenge on the Vikings for their previous season's playoff loss. The win turned out to be crucial, as without it the 49ers would have finished the season 9–7 and missed the playoffs, as two other teams in their division, the Los Angeles Rams and New Orleans Saints, had 10–6 records. Instead, the 49ers won their division, earned the #2 playoff seed, and went on to win the Super Bowl. In 1989, he displayed potential to become the team's starter in the future. While Montana won the NFL MVP award and led the team to victory in Super Bowl XXIV, <mask> still had a good season, completing 69% of his passes for 1,001 yards and eight touchdowns, with only three interceptions. On October 22, 1989, he posted a perfect passer rating of 158.3 when he completed 11 of 12 passes for 188 yards and three touchdown passes in a 37–20 victory over the New England Patriots. He rushed for a career-high 102 yards on just eight carries against the New Orleans Saints on December 23, 1990, making him only the second 49ers quarterback to rush for at least 100 yards in a single game.The 49ers lost the game 13–10. In his four seasons as a backup, <mask> threw 23 touchdown passes and only six interceptions. 1991 season
Following an injury to Montana's elbow in the 1990 NFC Championship Game, which forced him to miss the entire 1991 season, <mask> got his chance to lead the 49ers. He got off to a rough start. Midway through the season, the 49ers found themselves struggling with a 4–4 record. In the ninth game of the season, after throwing a franchise-record 97-yard touchdown pass to Taylor, <mask> suffered a knee injury and was replaced by backup quarterback

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 <mask>. After a loss in that game and the next, Bono led the 49ers to five consecutive victories, playing so well that coach George Seifert decided to keep him in the starting lineup after <mask> had recovered.It wasn't until late in the 15th game of the season, after Bono went down with an injury of his own, that <mask> got to play again. <mask> then closed out the season by throwing for 338 yards and three touchdowns and also rushing for 63 yards and another touchdown in a 52–14 win over the Chicago Bears in a Monday Night Football game at Candlestick Park. <mask> finished the season with an NFL best 101.8 passer rating. Despite missing five full games and most of a sixth, he still threw for 2,517 yards and 17 touchdowns with only 8 interceptions. But despite <mask>'s strong season, the season for the team was widely regarded as a disappointment. The 49ers had slipped from a 14–2 record in the previous season to a 10–6 record in 1991. While 10 wins is usually enough to make the playoffs, this time it was not, and San Francisco ended up not playing in the postseason for the first time since 1982.It was thought by many that <mask>'s days as the 49ers starter were numbered due to the impending return of Montana from the injury to his right elbow, and some observers said the 49ers should trade <mask> and keep Montana and Bono. However, the trade never happened. 1992 season: first MVP

By the start of the 1992 season, it appeared that <mask>'s starting job was in serious peril. In addition to having to compete with Bono, Montana appeared to be close to recovering from his elbow tendon surgery. San Francisco came close to trading <mask> to the Los Angeles

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texts: Raiders, but no deal was finalized and it turned out that Montana would not recover in time to start in the opening game. Montana would not return until the final game of the 1992 season, a Monday Night home game against the Detroit Lions. Montana played the entire second half of that final game and guided the 49ers to victory.<mask> ended up as San Francisco's starting quarterback, but once again got off to a rough start. On the fifth play of the opening game at the Giants, he suffered a concussion and was replaced by Bono, who threw two touchdown passes while leading the 49ers to a 31–14 win. The following week, San Francisco lost 34–31 to the Buffalo Bills, despite a career-high 449 passing yards and three touchdowns from <mask>, in a game that for the first time in NFL history had zero punts from either team. <mask> recovered and led the 49ers on a five-game winning streak, capped off by a 56–17 win over the Atlanta Falcons in which <mask> passed for 399 yards and three touchdowns. After missing most of the next game (a 24–14 loss to the Cardinals) with the flu, he led San Francisco to victory in all of their remaining games of the season, giving the team a 14–2 record. He went on to throw for 227 yards and 2 touchdowns, and rush for 73 yards, in a 20–13 divisional playoff win over the Washington Redskins. The 49ers lost the NFC title game, however, 30–20 against the eventual Super Bowl champion Dallas Cowboys.<mask> threw for 313 yards, completing 71.4% of his passes while passing for one touchdown and rushing for another. He also threw two interceptions, but the final one came with the outcome of the game already decided. <mask> finished the season


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 with 3,465 passing yards and 537 rushing yards, along with an NFL-best 25 touchdown passes and 107.0 passer rating, earning him the NFL Most Valuable Player Award and his first selection to the Pro Bowl. He was the first quarterback ever to record a triple-digit rating in consecutive seasons. Many credit <mask>'s turnaround to the mentoring of the 49ers' new offensive coordinator Mike Shanahan, who worked with <mask> on combining his running skill with on-the-move passing decisions. 1993 season
Before the start of the 1993 season, team owner Eddie DeBartolo Jr. announced that he wanted Montana to resume his role as starting quarterback for the 49ers. However, a rift in the locker room had developed, with players split on whom they wanted at quarterback.In the spring of 1993, at Montana's request, San Francisco traded Montana to the Kansas City Chiefs. <mask> was now the 49ers' undisputed starter, and would remain so for the rest of his career. But once again, he had a rough start to the season. Over the first four games of 1993, <mask>, who was hindered by a swollen thumb on his throwing hand, threw eight interceptions, more than he had thrown during the entire 1992 season. But after his thumb healed, <mask> went on an incredible streak over a span of seven games, throwing 16 touchdown passes with only 2 interceptions and a 122.2 passer rating. By the end of the year, <mask> set franchise records for most passing yards (4,023), and consecutive passes thrown without an interception (189), (later eclipsed by Alex Smith in 2012) while leading the NFL in touchdown passes (29) and passer rating (101.5). The team slipped to a 10–6 record, but advanced to the NFC


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 championship game again by blowing out the New York Giants 44–3 in the divisional round.However, once again they were defeated by the Dallas Cowboys, this time 38–21. 1994 season: second MVP and Super Bowl run
After several key free agent signings including All-Pro cornerback Deion Sanders and NFL Draft selections, the 49ers looked to win their first Super Bowl since 1989. They started fast, beating the Los Angeles Raiders 44–14 on the strength of four touchdown passes from <mask>, one of four games during the regular season in which he had at least four. After a loss in a much-anticipated game to Joe Montana and the Kansas City Chiefs, the 49ers won their next two games before losing to the Philadelphia Eagles 40–8 at Candlestick Park, a game in which <mask> was eventually benched in the middle of an offensive series. Although head coach George Seifert later said he only pulled <mask> because he was getting manhandled by the Eagles' defense, <mask> had had enough of being scapegoated for 49er shortfalls and loudly (and visibly) lambasted Seifert over his decision while standing on the sideline during the game. But the game was considered a turning point in the season; from there, <mask> led the team to 10 consecutive wins, by an average of 20 points, before losing the meaningless finale against the Vikings in which <mask> completed his first 12 of 13 attempts before going to the sidelines. They finished an NFL best 13–3, securing home-field advantage throughout the NFC playoffs.The 49ers had the number-one offense in the NFL, and were so dominant that Seifert often took <mask> out of games early if he felt that the 49ers had an insurmountable lead at the


title: Steve Young

texts: time. After an easy 44–15 victory over the Chicago Bears in the divisional round of the playoffs, the 49ers jumped out to a 31–14 halftime lead over the Dallas Cowboys in the NFC Championship Game, holding on to win 38–28. <mask> threw for two touchdowns, while adding 47 yards and another touchdown on the ground. As a result, he went to his first Super Bowl as a starting quarterback. The 49ers were heavy favorites to become the first team with five Super Bowl victories. On the strength of a six-touchdown performance that surpassed the previous Super Bowl record of five, owned by the man <mask> replaced, Joe Montana, <mask> was named the MVP of Super Bowl XXIX, as the 49ers defeated the San Diego Chargers, 49–26. <mask> also threw for 325 yards and rushed for 49 yards, making him the first player ever to finish a Super Bowl as the game's leader in both rushing and passing yards.The victory capped off an incredible year for <mask>, who had one of the best seasons by a quarterback in NFL history. He threw for 3,969 yards, a then-franchise record 35 touchdown passes with only 10 interceptions, completed 70.3 percent of his passes – the highest completion percentage of the 1990s, third all-time, and at the time, the best completion percentage by any quarterback with more than 400 attempts (later eclipsed by Drew Brees in 2009). Additionally, <mask> broke Joe Montana's single-season mark with a then-record 112.8 passer rating, and also once again demonstrated his great scrambling ability, accumulating another 289 yards and 7 touchdowns on the ground. For his record-breaking season performances, <mask> was awarded his second AP NFL MVP award, becoming the 7th

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 player in NFL history to win both league and Super Bowl MVP honors in the same season. Later years and injuries
In the three years following Super Bowl XXIX, the 49ers would be eliminated each year by Brett Favre and the Green Bay Packers, twice in San Francisco. In addition to the early playoff exits, <mask> suffered a series of injuries that forced him to miss several games from 1995 to 1997. <mask> entered the 1998 season at age 37 and some began to wonder if his skills would diminish because of his history of injuries and a general decline in his game due to age.However, he silenced all critics once again, putting up career numbers in passing yards (4,170) and passing touchdowns (36). The 49ers finally beat Favre and the Packers in an NFC wild card game that year, as <mask> threw the winning touchdown to wide receiver Terrell Owens with three seconds remaining to win the game 30–27. In reference to Dwight Clark's legendary catch against the Dallas Cowboys in the 1981 NFC championship game, Owens's grab was called "The Catch II". A week later, however, Garrison Hearst broke his ankle on the 49ers' first play from scrimmage. Without the threat of a running game, <mask> threw three interceptions (the last one a Hail Mary pass with under 30 seconds remaining in the game) and the 49ers were defeated by the Atlanta Falcons 20–18. Over that span of seasons from 1995 to 1998, <mask> led the NFL in passer rating twice (in 1996 and 1997), and led the NFL with 36 touchdown passes in 1998. The 1999 season would turn out to be <mask>'s last in the NFL.<mask> was plagued by concussions throughout his career. During a Week 3 Monday Night Football game against the


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 Arizona Cardinals, <mask> was violently sacked by Cardinals cornerback Aeneas Williams on a blitz. Running back Lawrence Phillips was supposed to pick up Williams, but missed. <mask> was knocked out of the game with a concussion, and didn't return again for the rest of the season due to symptoms of post-concussion syndrome. The concussion he suffered against the Cardinals was reportedly his second in a season that was only three weeks old, and the seventh (at least) of his career. Following the season, the 49ers told him that he would be released if he did not retire. Although <mask> was offered a job as the starting quarterback of the Denver Broncos (where his former offensive coordinator, Mike Shanahan, was the head coach), he retired because of his repeated concussions.In a 2013 Frontline interview, <mask> said that, partially based upon their own experiences, he and many retired players are increasingly concerned about repeated concussions and subconcussive hits. He is particularly concerned about certain positions that take frequent hits, such as running backs and linemen. Career statistics and records

USFL career

NFL career

Records and legacy

Although <mask> did not become the 49ers' starter until his 8th NFL season, and he played a full season only three times (all consecutively) during his 15-year career, <mask> had a significant impact on the NFL. A two-time league MVP, he completed 2,667 of 4,149 passes for 33,124 yards and 232 touchdowns, with 107 interceptions, and 43 rushing touchdowns. His 96.8 career passer rating is the sixth highest in NFL history and second highest among retired players, behind Tony Romo; his 4,239 rushing yards are the


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 fourth most ever gained by a quarterback, behind Michael Vick, Cam Newton, and Randall Cunningham. He was the NFL's top rated passer in six different seasons and led the league in touchdown passes four times. In 20 postseason games, he threw 20 touchdown passes with only 13 interceptions, and scored 8 touchdowns on the ground.In his stint with the San Francisco 49ers, <mask> passed for 29,907 yards, 221 touchdowns, and 86 interceptions, with a passer rating of 101.4, highest in franchise history. He was also sacked 290 times, also most in franchise history. (10/9/94) to vs. StL (11/26/95) note: (DNP in 5 games in 1995)
 Best completion percentage (career): 65.8
 Most rushing touchdowns by a quarterback (career): 43

In 1999, he was ranked No. 63 on The Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Football Players. <mask> was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame on February 5, 2005; he was the first left-handed quarterback to be so honored. He was enshrined August 7, 2005. His induction speech was given by his father, LeGrande "Grit" <mask>.The San Francisco 49ers had his No. 8 jersey retired during a halftime ceremony against the New England Patriots on October 5, 2008. He was the 11th player in team history to receive this honor. He is also the only 49er in team history to wear No. 8. Post-football

Business career

In 1994, <mask> received a Juris Doctor (J.D.) from BYU's J. Reuben Clark Law School.In 2000, <mask> spoke at the Republican National Convention. In 2007, <mask> co-founded Huntsman Gay Global Capital (HGGC), with billionaire industrialist Jon M. Huntsman and former Bain Capital executive Robert C. Gay. After being involved in business ventures


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 with the private equity firm, he has continued to serve as a managing director. In 2011, <mask> was one of several notable BYU athletes and coaches who appeared in the school's "Real Cougar" advertising campaign, which featured the individuals telling an actual cougar about being a "real cougar". In one of the ads, <mask> poked fun at himself:
<mask>: I love BYU so much I even got my law degree here. Cougar: (growls)
<mask>: Lawyers... I know.Acting career
<mask> has both performed dramatic roles and appeared as himself in a limited acting career. He appeared in one episode of Frasier and one episode of Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman (cast as Lois' former high school football quarterback boyfriend, Joe Maloy). He also made a guest appearance as himself in the Dharma & Greg episode "Are You Ready for Some Football?" encouraging Dharma, the team's Number One Fan. In 1995, <mask> appeared as himself in the Season 6, Episode 12 episode of Beverly Hills, 90210. He also made cameo appearances in the LDS comedy The Singles Ward (2002) and in a season 5 episode of BYUtv's Studio C (2014). <mask> also made a guest appearance as himself in season 8 of the NBC comedy series Wings in the episode "Just Call Me Angel".<mask> was originally offered a part in the 1998 movie There's Something About Mary, but turned the role down. He was replaced by Brett Favre. Philanthropy

<mask> serves as a National Advisor to ASCEND: A Humanitarian Alliance. This non-profit organization plans expeditions to African and South American countries to provide life skills mentoring with sustainable solutions in education, enterprise, health and simple technology. In 1993, <mask>

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 founded a charitable foundation known as the Forever Young Foundation, which serves children facing significant physical, emotional, and financial challenges by providing academic, athletic, and therapeutic opportunities otherwise unavailable to them. <mask> also serves as the national spokesman for an organization founded by former Save Darfur Coalition executive director and founder, David Rubenstein. He began his affiliation with the organization in 2009, when he became the honorary league commissioner for their charitable dodgeball tournaments held on college campuses nationwide.Personal life
<mask> is a great-great-great-nephew of <mask>, second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for whom BYU is named. His father, LeGrande "Grit" <mask>, played football at BYU in the late 1950s. He led the school in scoring in 1955 and in rushing and total offense in 1959. <mask>'s younger brothers, Mike and Tom, both played quarterback at BYU after <mask>, but neither received much playing time. <mask> has been married to Barbara Graham since 2000. They have two sons and two daughters. According to A Football Life: As his playing career ended before his eldest child was born, he wrote his autobiography QB: My Life Behind the Spiral initially as a private memoir for his children.See also
 Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame
 List of NCAA major college football yearly passing leaders
 List of NCAA major college football yearly total offense leaders
 List of NFL quarterbacks who have posted a perfect passer rating

References

External links

1961 births
All-American college football players
American color commentators
American football

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title: Wes Streeting

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<mask> (; born 21 January 1983) is a British Labour Party politician serving as the Shadow Secretary of State for Health and Social Care since 2021, and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Ilford North since 2015. He served as Shadow Secretary of State for Child Poverty from May to November 2021, as Shadow Minister for Schools from 2020 to 2021, and as Shadow Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury from April to October 2020. He was previously the President of the National Union of Students (NUS), as well as Deputy Leader of Redbridge London Borough Council and its Cabinet Member for Health. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Stepney, London, where he grew up in a council flat. He attended Westminster City School, a comprehensive state school in Victoria, London. He went on to study history at Selwyn College, University of Cambridge. <mask> served as Selwyn College's Junior Common Room (JCR) President, in which capacity he was a member of Cambridge University Students' Union (CUSU) Council.He was subsequently elected CUSU President for the 2004–5 academic year, a sabbatical officer role. As CUSU President, he campaigned against the proposed closure of Cambridge's architecture department. Early career

National Union of Students
Streeting was elected as President of the National Union of Students (NUS) in April 2008 as a candidate from Labour Students, with the support of the Union of Jewish Students. He had been a member of the NUS National Executive Committee since 2005, having previously held the post of Vice-President (Education) from 2006 to 2008. In April 2009, he was elected to a second term as President of the NUS. He also served as a member of the National Committee of Labour Students for four years during this time. In March 2009, Pink News listed him as the 33rd-most powerful LGBT politician in the UK.As President of the NUS,

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 <mask> was a strong proponent of his predecessor Gemma Tumelty's proposed reforms to the NUS governance structures, which had been denounced and narrowly defeated by many left-wing groups in NUS as an attack on NUS democracy. His election was reported by The Guardian as "a move that will lend weight to the fight to modernise the union". On 26th February 2009, The Independent reported <mask>'s controversial support for tuition fees with the headline "<mask>: 'Moving to the right on Tuition Fees Makes Sense'". The article explains that the surprising move for the Student Union leader "puts [the NUS] to the right of the Liberal Democrats who have recently reaffirmed their commitment to free higher education for all". He was a leading figure in efforts to change the NUS's position on higher education funding in advance of the government's 2009/10 independent review of higher education funding in England. As NUS President, <mask> was a non-executive director of the NUS's trading arm, NUS Services Ltd, and of Endsleigh Insurance. He was also a non-executive director of the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS), as well as the Higher Education academy, having served on their board as Vice President (Education) when he was also a non-executive director of the Office of the Independent Adjudicator for Higher Education (OIAHE).Shortly after his election as NUS President, <mask> was appointed as a member of the government's Youth Citizenship Commission, chaired by Professor Jonathan Tonge of Liverpool University, which published its report in June 2009. Professional career
<mask> worked for the Labour Party-related organisation Progress for a year. After completing his term as President of the NUS, <mask> served as Chief Executive of the Helena Kennedy Foundation, an educational charity that promotes access to higher education for

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 students from further education colleges. He went on to serve as Head of Education at Stonewall, a lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights charity, where he led their Education for All campaign to tackle homophobia in schools. He was subsequently a public sector consultant with PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), which he gave up on election as a councillor, because Redbridge Council was a "current audit client" of the firm; this forced him to choose between keeping his job or forcing a second by-election. In 2010, shortly after leaving PwC, <mask> was appointed as Head of Policy and Strategic Communications for Oona King's unsuccessful bid to win the Labour Party's nomination to be its candidate in the 2012 London Mayoral election. Local government
In a July 2010 by-election, <mask> was elected as a Labour councillor for the Chadwell ward on Redbridge London Borough Council.He held the seat for Labour by 220 votes, winning with 31.5% of the vote (a fall of 1.4% for Labour in the ward) on a 25.5% turnout (a fall of 34.5% in turnout). The by-election had been triggered by a previous elected candidate subsequently being found to be ineligible to serve on the council. <mask> was elected as Deputy Leader of the Labour Group in October 2011. In 2014, he contested the Aldborough ward on Redbridge Council, winning 2,100 votes and defeating Conservative opponent Ruth Clark. At a public meeting of the Redbridge Citizens' Assembly on 6 May 2014, Cllr <mask> on behalf of his group promised that, if elected, he would not reduce the level of Council Tax Support provided to low-income working-age residents. Once elected, the Labour council cut the level of support, so as to treble from April 2016 the amount of Council Tax paid by supported residents; the council made a further reduction from April 2017, and made a third reduction from April 2018.

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 In May 2014, Labour took control of Redbridge Council for the first time and <mask> was appointed Deputy Leader of the Council.He resigned the latter in May 2015, shortly after being elected Member of Parliament for Ilford North. Whilst he remained a backbench councillor following his election to Parliament he chose not to claim his councillor allowance. <mask> did not stand for re-election after being elected to Parliament, and ceased to be a councillor on Monday 7 May 2018. Parliamentary career
In the 2015 general election, <mask> was elected as the Member of Parliament for Ilford North. Representing the Labour Party, he overturned a Conservative majority of 5,404, winning by 589 votes. After being elected to Parliament, <mask> was elected Honorary President of the British Youth Council. He is also a Vice President of the Local Government Association and a Patron of LGBT Labour.Parliamentary backbencher (2015–2020)
Following his election, <mask> was described as a "long-time critic" of Jeremy Corbyn, who was leader of the Labour Party from 2015 to 2020. He accused Corbyn of a "flat-footed and lackadaisical attitude" to tackling antisemitism which is "simply unacceptable". He stated prior to the 2017 general election that he was "not going to pretend to have had a damascene conversion" with regard to Corbyn's suitability to be prime minister. His views provoked a response from Corbyn's supporters such as Ken Livingstone and the trade union leader Len McCluskey. Livingstone described him as "consciously undermining Jeremy and damaging the Labour party" while McCluskey said his reason for raising issues had been "about attacking Jeremy Corbyn". Streeting was among the 70 per cent of Labour MPs who nominated Owen Smith in the 2016 party leadership election. In 2016 Streeting criticised the Labour Party for refusing a £30,000 donation from

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 McDonalds.According to Labour, the firm was penalised because of its poor record on trade unions and workers' rights. <mask> campaigned against Brexit in the run-up to the 2016 EU membership referendum. His constituency subsequently voted by a small-margin in favour of leaving the European Union. Afterwards, <mask> campaigned for a People's Vote, a campaign group calling for a public vote on the final Brexit deal between the UK and the European Union. Ilford North has among the largest Jewish and Muslim communities in the UK. <mask> is a vice-chair of the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Antisemitism, a co-chair of the All Party Parliamentary Group on British Jews and a supporter of Labour Friends of Israel. He is also a co-chair of the All-Party Parliamentary Group on British Muslims and a supporter of Labour Friends of Palestine and Middle East.In September 2018, he held the last in a series of London-wide consultations to create the Working Definition of Islamophobia. In July 2018, <mask> called for “targeted economic sanctions” against Israeli settlements in the West Bank in response to the Israeli government “grossly infringing on the human rights of Palestinians”. In July 2019, <mask> was reported in the media as using abusive language towards a non-Jewish antisemitism campaigner. Shortly before the 2019 general election, <mask> told a Labour First meeting that the party faced electoral oblivion in any snap poll due to the leadership's poor handling of Brexit and allegations of antisemitism. Following Labour's defeat in the general election, <mask> nominated Jess Phillips and Rosena Allin-Khan in the 2020 Labour Party leadership and deputy leadership elections, and endorsed Ian Murray for the deputy leadership. Opposition frontbencher
Until the 2019 general election, <mask> was a member of the Treasury Select Committee. After the

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 election of Keir Starmer as Leader of the Labour Party, <mask> was appointed Shadow Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury.On 16 October 2020, <mask> became Shadow Minister for Schools following the resignation of Margaret Greenwood the previous day following her opposition to the Covert Human Intelligence Sources (Criminal Conduct) Bill. Abena Oppong-Asare replaced <mask> as Shadow Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury. In the May 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle, <mask> was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Secretary of State for Child Poverty. He was promoted to the post of Shadow Secretary of State for Health and Social Care in the November 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle. Personal life
<mask> lives in Redbridge, London. His partner is Joseph Dancey, a communications and public affairs adviser. <mask> has strongly criticised those campaigning against LGBT+ education in schools.In May 2021, <mask> revealed he had been diagnosed with kidney cancer and would be stepping back from frontline politics while he received treatment for it. On 27 July 2021, <mask> announced that he had been declared cancer-free, following an operation to remove one of his kidneys. References

External links

 Councillor <mask>, Redbridge London Borough Council
 Interview with Tiger Television at Birmingham City University

|-

1983 births
Living people
Alumni of Selwyn College, Cambridge
Councillors in the London Borough of Redbridge
Gay politicians
Labour Party (UK) councillors
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Labour Party (UK) people
Labour Friends of Israel
Labour Friends of Palestine and the Middle East
LGBT members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
LGBT politicians from England
Presidents of the National Union of Students (United Kingdom)
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
UK MPs 2019–present
Shadow Secretaries of

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title: Napoleon B. Broward

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<mask> (April 19, 1857 – October 1, 1910) was an American river pilot, captain, and politician. He was elected as the 19th governor of the U.S. state of Florida, serving from January 3, 1905, to January 5, 1909. He was most widely known for his major project to drain the Everglades, to recover land for agricultural cultivation. As governor, he built alliances with the federal government to gain funds for this project. <mask>ard previously served as the sheriff of Duval County, Florida and in the Florida House of Representatives. He was allied with the Straightouts, Populist-leaning elements of the Democratic Party in the state. Early life and education
<mask>ard's parents were American and he had French heritage from his paternal line.His childhood was spent on a series of family farms along the St. Johns River in Jacksonville. During the Civil War, the original farm was burned by Union troops occupying the town. After the war, the Browards struggled to recover. Broward's parents both died when he was still quite young. Broward, along with his brother, tended the family farm for a few years before moving into the city with their uncle. Broward first worked on the river with this uncle, Joe Parsons, doing odd jobs on his steamboat during the summer. In 1876, having graduated high school, Broward became a ship's mate and traveled to New England.He stayed in that region for two years, working on ships along the New England coast. Coming home a stout young man, standing six foot two and weighing over two hundred pounds. After gaining experience in the north as a ship's mate, in 1878 <mask> returned to Jacksonville and took a job working tugboats on the St. Johns River. He became acquainted with many of the captains and shipping operations. <mask> married his captain's daughter (Georgiana Carolina "Carrie" Kemp) in January 1883. That spring, he applied for a license to pilot ships over the St. Johns Bar, a constantly shifting sandbar that stretched across the mouth of the St. Johns, sometimes above

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 water and sometimes many feet below. Piloting ships over the treacherous bar was quite lucrative.<mask> seemed destined for a life of comfort until his wife died during childbirth in December, followed by the death of their infant son a few days later. He withdrew from the river for a while and again traveled north. By 1885, he was back on the St. Johns, piloting his father-in-law's steamboat Kate Spencer. While working on the ship, he met the young daughter of a fellow boat captain, Annie Isabell Douglass, a frequent passenger and the two were married in 1887. The couple ended up having nine daughters. Political beginnings
Broward established his reputation as a good pilot and captain. In January 1888, a major prison break disgraced the city's sheriff, who was  subsequently removed from office.The county Democratic leadership convened and nominated <mask> as the best man to become the new sheriff. The governor appointed him to the post on February 27. In less than a month, Broward gained statewide notoriety for breaking up gambling operations in the city. Broward soon took an active part in city politics. In the early 1890s, the Democratic Party in Florida was undergoing some internal strife. Two factions developed in Jacksonville that eventually became the major statewide camps, the Antis and the Straightouts. The Antis were conservative and pro-business, whereas the Straightouts were allied with Populists and agrarians.<mask> joined the Straightout camp. In this period, Populists, sometimes in biracial alliances with Republicans, won numerous states in the South. The Democratic Party struggled to regain power in state legislatures. In the election of 1892, the Straightouts, under Broward's leadership, swept the city offices: Broward's close friends, John N.C. Stockton and John M<mask>s, became city attorney and councilman, respectively, while <mask> retained the sheriff's office. (He was an indicted felon when elected.) The Antis continued to struggle for power and two years later, the

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 split between the two camps became even more severe. The Antis the Straightouts accused each other of voter fraud, complaining to the secretary of state and the governor.Anti sympathizers held most of the state offices, and the Antis won out. <mask> was replaced by a new appointee when the Antis regained power in the city. Cuban involvement
In 1895, <mask>, his brother, and an associate began building a new steamboat, The Three Friends. Located on Fort George Island, the proprietors of the boat-building company were John Joseph Daly and Charles Scammell. During the construction, Cuban insurgents began fighting for independence from Spain. <mask> was approached by a prominent member of Jacksonville's Cuban community about shipping a load of munitions and some Cuban expatriates from Nassau to Cuba. Broward agreed, and in January 1896, The Three Friends shipped out of Jacksonville on her maiden voyage, bound for Cuba.Broward continued this military filibustering operation until President William McKinley declared war on Spain. Several times Broward was nearly caught and destroyed by Spanish gunboats. Aware of Broward's identity, the Spanish ambassador to the United States demanded that the American be stopped and his ship impounded. U.S. authorities tried to catch him, but Broward eluded them by loading The Three Friends under cover of darkness in secluded locations, hiding her behind larger ships as she left the St. Johns, and picking up Cubans and munitions from other ships at various points near the mouth of the river. Except when trying to evade capture, Broward never pretended not to be a filibusterer. He gained notoriety around the state for his daring deeds. However, Broward did take precautions against having his cargo intercepted by the Spanish, such as concealing arms and munitions inside shipments of groceries to the island.Return to politics
In 1896, the Straightouts offered to nominate <mask> for sheriff, but he was busy with his filibustering operation and declined. In 1900, the

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title: Napoleon B. Broward

texts:
 war ended and his filibustering days were over. <mask> accepted the Democratic nomination for the State House and was elected almost without opposition. In the House, <mask>ard supported many progressive initiatives, including a state dispensary bill and a law allowing insanity as grounds for divorce (at the request of powerful developer Henry Flagler). The most important law he supported was the Primary Election Law. <mask>ard had long supported a primary election system to replace the state's convention system, which was controlled by a small clique headed by Flagler. A strong law was drawn up in the House, which <mask>ard enthusiastically supported, but after the Senate weakened the bill substantially, he withdrew his support.The bill passed anyway. <mask> was not naïve when it came to politics. As a Straightout and a supporter of the "common man," <mask> naturally opposed Flagler's control of the party nominating system in the state. It tended to produce Democratic candidates from the Anti faction. As Florida had disfranchised most blacks and was essentially a one-party state, Anti control of the party nominating system effectively meant Anti control of the state government. <mask> was smart enough to sponsor Flagler's requested divorce bill, but still wanted to wrest power from the big man. Campaign for governor
<mask> did not run for the House again in 1902 because he was busy with a salvage operation in the Keys.During the summer of 1903, he decided to run for the governorship, as he had been approached numerous times during the spring and the summer about running for the office. As the party was hard pressed to find another liberal candidate, he agreed to run for office. Broward was never wealthy, and in fact, frequently found himself in debt for one reason or another. The liberal forces in the state did not have great financial backing, while the conservative forces controlled most of the money and most of the newspapers in the state, as well as the major cities. <mask> said of his

masks: Broward Brow Brow Brow Broward Broward Broward Broward Bard


title: Napoleon B. Broward

texts:
 chances,
"I don't intend to go after the cities. Their newspapers are against me and they don't take me seriously. But I'm going to stump every crossroads village between Fernandina and Pensacola and talk to the farmers and the crackers and show them their top ends were meant to be used for something better than hatracks.I'm going to make 'em sit up and think. They won't mind mistakes in grammar if they find I'm talking horse sense." Broward began campaigning immediately. His strongest opponent was Robert W. Davis, the railroad (and hence Flagler) candidate, while the two other candidates presented smaller threats. Broward hit Davis early and throughout the election for being a railroad man. Davis and the city newspapers generally derided <mask> as an idiot as well as a liberal whose time had passed. The greatest issue in the campaign was Everglades drainage, a program first examined by the sitting governor, William S. Jennings.<mask> came out strongly in favor of drainage, calling the ground "the fabulous muck." While campaigning, he carried an elevation map of the various parts of the Everglades. If <mask> found that he was losing an argument over drainage, he would point to his map and say, "Water will run downhill!" Davis and <mask> easily moved ahead into the second primary, and the campaign grew fiercer, with Davis at one point saying, "Mr. <mask> is a man of but little ability and no intellectual brilliance whatever!" <mask> used Davis's congressional record to repeatedly attack his voting in support of his railroad ties. Broward appealed to few urban voters and no business interests, while Davis could not win support among farmers or rural voters. On election day, Broward's rural voters gave him the primary victory by only 600 votes out of 45,000.The general election some weeks later was uneventful, and <mask> was inaugurated on January 3, 1905. Governorship
<mask>'s biggest push as governor was for drainage of the Everglades, then considered useless swamp, as people did not

masks: Bard Broward Broward Broward Broward Broward Broward Broward


title: Napoleon B. Broward

texts: understand its ecology or relation to water table and habitat. Early in his term, Broward was attacked often and by many different people for his drainage program and for the land tax he instituted to pay for it. One newspaper noted, "The treasury will be drained before the Everglades." As drainage progressed, Broward began taking his fiercest opponents for "ocular displays" in the Glades, showing them the work that had been done and how it was progressing. <mask>, one of Broward's most effective opponents, was eventually convinced by one of these trips that the land was fertile and that drainage was working. Broward retaliated against Frank Stoneman, publisher of the predecessor of the Miami Herald who opposed the drainage, by refusing to certify his election as circuit judge.<mask> gained national prominence through this massive program. As his administration progressed, <mask> became more involved with legislators and officials in Washington, gaining federal funds for the drainage project. Eventually, he brought President Teddy Roosevelt down to the Glades for a trip through the drainage areas. Roosevelt was an avid supporter of drainage and became an important advocate for the program. <mask>ard tackled other problems, as well – he worked to emphasize education and upgrade the state universities. His appointees assessed them as not offering much beyond the high-school level. He also helped guide a reorganization bill through the legislature that closed some of the schools and set up a commission to determine where the remaining schools should be located.A fight ensued about where to locate the major state university, which at the time was in Lake City. The Control Board (consisting of Broward and the cabinet) eventually selected Gainesville as the new site for the flagship state university. Residents in both cities complained that the commission members had been bought off. Broward introduced a bill to the legislature in 1905 directing the state to provide life insurance for its citizens,

masks:
John Beard
Broward
Broward
Brow


title: Napoleon B. Broward

texts:
 and setting up an Insurance Commission and a cabinet-level post to go along with the program. The legislature voted the bill down with little debate. Broward supported measures to create a state textbook commission, reform the state hospital system, regulate the accounting profession, and make the state's Railroad Commission permanent. In December 1907, U.S.Senator Stephen R. Mallory, Jr. died suddenly and Broward appointed William James <mask>, Mallory's campaign manager and already a candidate for the seat, to fill the vacancy. Newspapers criticized his selection of <mask>, who was only 31 at the time. The Tampa Tribune wrote, "If Mr. <mask> has given any symptoms of being worthy of this distinction then we are utterly at a loss to know it; it must be a weighty secret hidden in the governor's brain." After the governorship
In February 1908, Senator <mask> contracted typhoid fever and died in March, shocking the state. Broward appointed William Hall Milton to the post. Milton pledged not to run for the seat in November, but Broward soon announced that he was a candidate, an arrangement that was much-criticized, but took to the stump against his opponents, among them were his old adversary <mask>, along with a former political ally, Jacksonville mayor Duncan U. Fletcher. <mask> and Fletcher attacked <mask>ard throughout the campaign, but the former governor prevailed in the first primary, and entered the second primary campaign against Fletcher.Broward's friend John Stockton advanced to the second primary in the governor's race, against General Albert Gilchrist of Fort Myers. Fletcher was an old liberal, and though now more conservative than <mask>, the two men still agreed on many things. Gilchrist was much feared as a railroad man. <mask> campaigned as much for Stockton for governor as he did for himself. <mask> and Stockton both lost. Newspapers statewide loudly proclaimed the end of the Broward era, and the Everglades drainage project seemed doomed, but <mask> was not through. The 1908

masks:
Bryan
Bryan
Bryan
Bryan
John Beard
Beard
Brow
Bard
Broward
Broward
Bard


title: Napoleon B. Broward

texts: Democratic National Convention was to be held shortly in Denver, and <mask> planned to attend.For months, <mask> was mentioned in newspapers throughout the South as a potential candidate for the vice presidency, and he was nationally known for his drainage work and for his earlier filibustering. Upon arrival in Denver, he was greeted by banners reading: "Bryan, Broward, and Bread." An editorial in the Denver Post spoke very favorably of him, concluding that he was an excellent choice for the position. Presidential nominee William Jennings <mask> telegraphed from his home, that he wanted a Midwesterner, rather than a Southerner. Although the crowd at the convention continued to back Broward, <mask> was able to name his own candidate. The 1908 election results were not all bad for Broward. Fletcher as senator was still a mild progressive and maintained his long friendship with <mask>ard.Gilchrist proved to be much more liberal in the role of governor and became an avid supporter of draining the Everglades. In 1910, James Taliaferro's Senate seat was up for election. Big-city newspapers endorsed Taliaferro for re-election, but <mask> soon entered the race against him. The race, expected to be an exciting showdown, proved to be such a bore that election news was pushed off the front page by coverage of Halley's Comet. <mask> and Taliaferro entered the second primary after a quiet election. The second primary campaign proved scarcely more interesting, though <mask> took to the stump, traveling throughout the state. After an exciting election-eve rally at which <mask>'s supporters got so carried away that Taliaferro left in disgust, <mask> pulled out a victory.Exhausted by the campaign, <mask> retired with his family to his home on Fort George Island near Jacksonville. Late in September, <mask> fell ill with gallstones, which had been a concern for some months, though Broward had been too busy for surgery. He was in the hospital for a few days, and died just before he was to enter surgery. He was

masks: Bard Broward Bryan Bryan Brow Broward Bard Bard Bard Broward Broward Broward


title: Napoleon B. Broward

texts:
 buried on October 4. The Florida Times-Union wrote,

The main aspect of his legacy was the draining of the Everglades, now recognized as perhaps the biggest environmental folly in American history. Broward's supporters however believe these efforts were integral to establishing the Florida citrus industry as an international powerhouse. Racism
Called "An arms smuggler as well as a racist," in 1907 Broward proposed that every black person be physically evicted from the state."According to the Sun-Sentinel, Broward was "an unapologetic segregationist." In September, 2017, a Broward County lawyer, <mask>, published an excerpt of a forgotten document that Broward wrote during his term and may have delivered as a speech. He called upon Congress "to purchase territory, either domestic or foreign, and provide means to purchase the property of the negroes at a reasonable price and to transport them to the territory purchased by the United States." Whites would not be allowed to live in the new nation, and blacks would not be allowed to return to live in the United States. (This is the "colonization" project of the 19th century, which led to the founding of Liberia and Sierra Leone. See American Colonization Society.) "The white people have no time to make excuses for the shortcomings of the negro," he said."And the negro has less inclination to work for one and be directed by one he considers exacting, to the extent that he must do a good day's work or pay for the bill of goods sold to him." These remarks prompted a series of voices to call for removal of the statue of Broward from the Broward County Courthouse. County Mayor <mask> said she "would be open to discussion about renaming the county if it's what people want to do," although she said shortly afterward that "we're not considering that at this time" and "I don't even want to go down that road." The statue was removed during the night of October 18–19, 2017, and placed in storage. Legacy
Named for Broward:
The Napoleon Bonaparte Broward

masks:
Bill Gelin
Barbara Sharief


title: Napoleon B. Broward

texts:
 (Dames Point) Bridge in Jacksonville, Florida
More than 30 roads in Florida, notably, Florida State Road 842, locally known in the Fort Lauderdale area as Broward Boulevard. A residence hall at Florida State University
A residence hall at University of Florida is named for his wife Annie Isabell <mask>. Broward County, Florida

Archives
The George A. Smathers Libraries at the University of Florida, Gainesville,  has a collection of Broward archival records, described as "The Broward Papers date from 1879 to 1918, but the bulk of the papers coincide with the gubernatorial term from 1905 to 1909.The major subject covered in the collection is the drainage of the Everglades and the development of South Florida lands. Additional topics include real estate, race relations, education, labor unions, liquor, taxes, transportation, waterways, railways, and <mask>'s campaigns for governor and the U.S. Senate. The collection comprises incoming and outgoing correspondence, speeches, news clippings, campaign material, photographs (including images of dredging operations), legislative material, and legal documents. There are a small number of articles, pamphlets, circulars, and other publications pertaining to the drainage of the Everglades, dredging equipment, forestry, sugar, and waterways. In addition to the incoming and outgoing correspondence, there are four bound letterbooks containing letters written by <mask>ard in 1905-1909. Correspondents include numerous real estate developers, business leaders, representatives of state and federal agencies, and Florida politicians such as William Sherman Jennings." References

External links
Governor Broward's official state portrait
Broward's Collection at the University of Florida.Governors of Florida
Members of the Florida House of Representatives
People from Jacksonville, Florida
Florida Democrats
1857 births
1910 deaths
19th-century American politicians
20th-century American politicians
American white supremacists
American colonization movement
History of

masks: Bard Bard Brow


title: Mark Stoops

texts:
<mask> (born July 9, 1967) is an American college football coach and former player. He is the head football coach of the Kentucky Wildcats. Early life
Stoops, one of six children born to Ron and Evelyn "Dee Dee" <mask>, attended Cardinal Mooney High School in Youngstown, Ohio, where his father was an assistant coach and defensive coordinator. He is the brother of interim Oklahoma head coach <mask> and former Arizona head coach <mask>, who also served as defensive coordinator for the University of Oklahoma until he was fired on October 7, 2018 after losing 48-45 to Texas. After graduating from high school, Stoops played college football for the Iowa Hawkeyes from 1986 to 1988. Coaching career
Stoops was a graduate assistant coach at Iowa from 1989 to 1991, and then became the athletic director and defensive backs coach at Nordonia High School in Macedonia, Ohio (1992–1995). In 1996, when Kansas State assistant Jim Leavitt was hired as the head coach for the South Florida Bulls, he hired Stoops as defensive backs coach.Stoops served as the defensive backs coach for the University of Wyoming Cowboys from 1997–1999. At Wyoming, Stoops served under head coach Dana Dimel. When Dimel was hired at the University of Houston, he took Stoops with him to join the Cougars as co-defensive coordinator (along with Dick Bumpas) and safeties coach in 2000. Miami (FL)
In February 2001, <mask> was named the defensive backs coach for the University of Miami Hurricanes, replacing Chuck Pagano, who left to go to the Cleveland Browns. Arizona
<mask>'s brother, Mike, was hired as the head coach of the Arizona Wildcats for the 2004 season. Mike then hired <mask> as part of his staff. Florida State
On December 11, 2009, Stoops accepted the job as defensive coordinator at Florida State University.Kentucky
On

masks:
Mark Thomas Stoops
Stoops
Bob Stoops
Mike Stoops
Stoops
Mark
Mark


title: Mark Stoops

texts: November 27, 2012, <mask> was hired as the new head coach of the University of Kentucky football program, replacing former head coach Joker Phillips, who was fired after a 2–10 season. In <mask>' first season as the Kentucky Head coach, he went 2-10, followed by back to back 5-7 seasons. After an 0–2 start to the 2016 season, Stoops led the Wildcats to a 7–3 finish after that start and defeated their in-state rival, the eleventh-ranked Louisville Cardinals. They lost in the Taxslayer Bowl to Georgia Tech. The 2017 season featured ups and downs and the breakout of star running back Benny Snell. They finished 7-5, losing afterwards in the Music City Bowl to Northwestern. The 2018 season was a historic one for the Wildcats.Paced by Snell on offense and Josh Allen on defense, they snapped a 31-year losing streak to Florida, finishing 9-3–only the fourth time in school history that the Wildcats have won at least nine games. Kentucky defeated Penn State in the Citrus Bowl on January, 1st, 2019 giving the Wildcats their first 10 win season since 1977, and only their third in school history. Stoops was named SEC Coach of the Year, the first time a Kentucky coach had won the award since Jerry Claiborne in 1983. The 2019 season was one of overcoming adversity. After a 2-3 start in which they lost all of their Quarterbacks to injury, Kentucky turned to Wide Receiver Lynn Bowden Jr. to take over at QB. With a revamped offense, the Wildcats finished the Regular Season 7-5 routing Louisville 45-13 on Senior Day. Kentucky capped the season with a thrilling win over Virginia Tech in the Belk Bowl, as the Wildcats scored the winning touchdown with 15 seconds remaining for an 8-5 finish.The 2020 season, affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, saw Kentucky play a 10-game, All-SEC regular-season schedule.

masks: Stoops Stoops


title: Mark Stoops

texts:
 Las Vegas Raiders defensive back, 2014 BCS National Champion, 2014 second round NFL Draft pick

Ronald Darby – Denver Broncos cornerback, 2014 BCS National Champion, Super Bowl LII Champion, 2015 second round NFL Draft pick

Kentucky

 Bud Dupree – Tennessee Titans outside linebacker, 2015 first round NFL Draft pick

 Za'Darius Smith – Green Bay Packers outside linebacker, NFL Pro Bowl selection

 Avery Williamson – Denver Broncos linebacker

 Josh Allen – Jacksonville Jaguars outside linebacker, 2019 first round NFL Draft pick, 1 NFL Pro Bowl selection, 2018 Chuck Bednarik Award, Bronko Nagurski Trophy, Lott Trophy winner, unanimous All-American (2018), Kentucky career sacks leader (31.5)

 Benny Snell – Pittsburgh Steelers running back, Kentucky career rushing yards leader (3,873)

 Lynn Bowden – Miami Dolphins wide receiver, 2019 consensus All-American, 2019 Paul Hornung Award winner

Personal life
Stoops is the younger brother of interim Oklahoma head coach <mask>, former Oklahoma defensive coordinator and current Florida Atlantic assistant <mask>, and Ron, Jr., the oldest of the brothers, who was an assistant coach at Youngstown State. Stoops and his wife Chantel have two sons, Will and Zach. On January 4, 2021, the couple announced that they will be divorcing. Head coaching record

References

External links
 Kentucky profile

1967 births
Living people
American football defensive backs
Arizona Wildcats football coaches
Florida State Seminoles football coaches
Houston Cougars football coaches
Iowa Hawkeyes football coaches
Iowa Hawkeyes football players
Kentucky Wildcats football coaches
Miami Hurricanes football coaches
South Florida Bulls football coaches
Wyoming Cowboys football coaches
High school football coaches in Ohio
Players of American football from Youngstown,

masks:
Bob Stoops
Mike Stoops


title: Harvey Korman

texts:
<mask> (February 15, 1927May 29, 2008) was an American actor and comedian, who performed in television and film productions. His big break was being a featured performer on CBS' The Danny Kaye Show, but he is best remembered for his performances on the sketch comedy series The Carol Burnett Show, for which he won four Emmy Awards, as well as his partnership with Tim Conway. <mask> also appeared in several comedy films by Mel Brooks. Early life
<mask>, who was of Russian Jewish descent, was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Ellen (née Blecher) and <mask>, a salesman. He served in the United States Navy during World War II. After being discharged, he studied at the Goodman School of Drama at the Art Institute of Chicago (now at DePaul University) and at HB Studio. He was a member of the Peninsula Players summer theater program during the 1950, 1957, and 1958 seasons.Career

Early years
<mask>'s first television role was as a head waiter in The Donna Reed Show episode, "Decisions, Decisions, Decisions". He appeared as a comically exasperated public relations man in a January 1961 episode of the CBS drama Route 66. He was seen on numerous television programs after that, including the role of Blake in the 1964 episode "Who Chopped Down the Cherry Tree?" on the NBC medical drama The Eleventh Hour and a bartender in the 1962 Perry Mason episode, "The Case of the Unsuitable Uncle." He frequently appeared as a supporting player on The Danny Kaye Show from 1963 through 1967. He was cast three times, including the role of Dr. Allison in "Who Needs Glasses?" (1962), on ABC's The Donna Reed Show.He also guest-starred on

masks:
Harvey Herschel Korman
Korman
Korman
Cyril Raymond Korman
Korman


title: Harvey Korman

texts:
 Dennis the Menace and on the NBC contemporary western series Empire. From 1964 to 1966, he appeared three times in consecutive years on the CBS comedy The Munsters starring Fred Gwynne and Yvonne De Carlo. During the 1965–1966 season, <mask> appeared regularly on ABC's The Flintstones as the voice of The Great Gazoo in its final season on network television. The Carol Burnett Show

The 1967 debut of The Carol Burnett Show gave <mask> his greatest recognition. During his ten-year run on the show, he received six Emmy Award nominations and won four – in 1969, 1971, 1972 and 1974. The exact name of the category changed slightly during the period, but the award was for Outstanding Achievement by a supporting performer in music or variety show. He was also nominated for four Golden Globes for the series, winning that award in 1975.In 1977, he left The Carol Burnett Show to headline his own sitcom on ABC, The <mask>rman Show, which only lasted five episodes. Other work

While appearing on The Carol Burnett Show, <mask> gained further fame by appearing as the villainous Hedley Lamarr in the 1974 film Blazing Saddles. He also starred in High Anxiety (1977) as Dr. Charles Montague. In 1978 he appeared in the CBS Star Wars Holiday Special providing levity in three of the special's variety segments: a cantina skit with Bea Arthur in which he plays a barfly who drinks through a hole in the top of his head, another as Chef Gormaanda, a four-armed parody of Julia Child, and one as a malfunctioning Amorphian android in an instruction video. In 1980, he played Captain Blythe in the Disney comedy, Herbie Goes Bananas. The

masks:
Korman
Korman
Harvey Ko
Korman


title: Harvey Korman

texts:
 following year, he portrayed Count de Monet in History of the World, Part 1. In later years he did voice work for the live-action film The Flintstones as well as for the animated The Secret of NIMH 2: Timmy to the Rescue.He also starred in the short-lived Mel Brooks TV series The Nutt House, and in his final Mel Brooks film, as the zany Dr. Seward, in Dracula: Dead and Loving It. In 1986, he starred in the failed CBS comedy series Leo & Liz in Beverly Hills with Valerie Perrine. In 1982 he reunited with Carol Burnett and Vicki Lawrence in the TV movie Eunice reprising his role of Ed Higgins from “The Family” sketches from The Carol Burnett Show. He continued the portrayal on the spin-off series, Mama’s Family in addition to introducing each episode of the series during its initial two-season NBC network run, portraying fictional television host Alistair Quince as well as directing 31 episodes of the series. He also reunited with fellow Carol Burnett Show alumnus Tim Conway, making a guest appearance on Conways 1980–1981 comedy-variety series The Tim Conway Show. The two later toured the U.S. reprising skits from the show as well as performing new material. A DVD of new comedy sketches by <mask> and Conway, Together Again, was released in 2006.<mask> and Conway had been jointly inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2002. Personal life
<mask> was married to Donna Ehlert from 1960 to 1977, and they had two children together, Maria and <mask>. He married <mask> (née Fritz) in 1982 and was married to her until his death in 2008. They had two daughters together, Kate and <mask>. <mask> died at age 81 on May 29,

masks:
Korman
Korman
Korman
Christopher Korman
Deborah Korman
Laura Korman
Death Korman


title: Harvey Korman

texts:
 2008, at UCLA Medical Center, as the result of complications from a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm he had suffered four months earlier. He is interred at Santa Monica's Woodlawn Cemetery. Filmography

Film

Carving Magic (1959) as Al (industrial short)
Living Venus (1961) as Ken Carter
Gypsy (1962) as Gypsy's press agent
Lord Love a Duck (1966) as Weldon Emmett
The Man Called Flintstone (1966) as Chief Boulder (voice)
Don't Just Stand There!(1968) as Merriman Dudley
The April Fools (1969) as Matt Benson
Blazing Saddles (1974) as Hedley Lamarr
Huckleberry Finn (1974) as The King of France
The Pink Panther Strikes Again (1976) as Prof. Auguste Balls (scenes deleted)
High Anxiety (1977) as Dr. Charles Montague
Bud and Lou (1978) as Bud Abbott
Americathon (1979) as Monty Rushmore
Herbie Goes Bananas (1980) as Captain Blythe
First Family (1980) as U.N. (1966) as the Mad Hatter (voice)
F Troop (1966) as Col. Heindreich von Zeppel in "Bye, Bye, Balloon"
The Carol Burnett Show (1967–1977) series regular
The Wild Wild West (1968) as Baron Hinterstoisser in "The Night of the Big Blackmail"
The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour (1971) guest appearance
Tattletales (1974) as himself
The Muppet Show (1976) as himself
The Carpenters at Christmas (1977) as <mask>, the coffee guy
America 2-Night (1978) as himself
The <mask>rman Show (1978) eponymous lead
Star Wars Holiday Special (1978) as Chef Gormaanda, Krelman, and Toy Video Instructor
The Tim Conway Show (1980, 1981) guest star and regular
Eunice (1982)
The Invisible Woman (1983) as Carlisle Edwards
Carpool (1983)
Mama's Family (1983–1984) (spin-off of “The Family” sketches,

masks:
Harvey
Harvey Ko


title: Mourad Topalian

texts:
<mask> (born 1943) is a prominent Armenian-American political activist, former chairman of the Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA), who visited the White House several times. In 1999, Topalian was charged by the United States government with conspiracy acts, possession and storage of weapons and explosives. In 2001, he was convicted of storing stolen explosives and owning two machine guns, sentenced to 37 months in prison and three years of supervised release. Biography
Topalian is known as a prominent member of the Armenian community in the USA. He was the president of the Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA), which is an organization with an office in Washington that serves as an advocate on Armenian issues and is an affiliate of Armenian Revolutionary Federation. His involvement with ANCA began in 1976. Topalian was also known by the nickname "Moose."Topalian visited the White House on a number of occasions to discuss Armenian related issues. According to US News, "tall and charismatic", Topalian "was well known in the halls of Congress and had met with President Bill Clinton a half-dozen times." In 1999, <mask> <mask> moved to Cleveland and took a job as vice president of Cuyahoga Community College. The federal charges against him were filed in 1999, under United States v. <mask> <mask>, Case No. 1:99 CR 35. Topalian resigned from his post at the ANCA. For many of Topalian's "alleged" compatriots he was not to be charged because of the expired statute of limitations.This was not applicable for the crimes of "holding the explosives", which Topalian was initially charged with. US vs. <mask> Topalian
The investigation against Topalian began with the 1996 discovery of weapons and explosives in a suburban Bedford, Ohio self storage facility. The storage unit was opened after

masks:
Mourad Topalian
Mourad
Topalian
Mourad
Topalian
Mourad