title: Vance Martin

texts: lived and worked abroad in Asia and Europe for 13 years, including 10 years at The Findhorn Foundation in Scotland (a UK-registered, educational charitable trust) as a senior manager and (sic) Director of Environmental Programs. During this time he met and began to work closely with author/explorer Sir Laurens van der Post and South African, international conservationist Dr. Ian Player. His life-long interest in nature conservation and traditional peoples developed into a professional, working commitment to understand, protect and communicate wilderness values and the irreplaceable role of wilderness and traditional cultures in a healthy modern society. He currently lives in Boulder, Colorado (USA). He has two grown children and one granddaughter. His personal interests are wild nature, trees, fly-fishing, oriental carpets, photography, and antique trade beads.Prior to working for WILD and while gaining his university degree, <mask> was co-owner of Natural Foods Store, the first organic and natural foods store in northern West Virginia, <mask> also co-owned an antique and artisanal crafts import business. Beginning in 1974, he spent 10 years with The Findhorn Foundation in Scotland. There he developed his skills for non-profit management alongside furthering his wilderness ethic,

masks: Martin Martin


title: Vance Martin

type: original

texts:
 land management experience, and his understanding of how the human world interfaces with the natural world. During his years at Findhorn, <mask> served at varying times as (sic) Executive Director; Director of gardens, farms, and landscaping; Director of environmental programs; Founder/Director of Trees for Life, a social movement for growing and planting trees; as Warden (custodian) of Traigh Bhan on the island of Iona, in the Inner Hebrides; on the Core (central policy) Group, in the Education Department; and on the Management Committee. Conservation career
<mask> has been President of the WILD Foundation since 1983, leading program and financial development for a conservation NGO that was established by South African conservationist Dr. Ian Player in 1974. He works primarily on fundraising, program strategy and management for WILD, frequently traveling between the headquarters in Colorado with WILD projects and affiliated organizations around the world. <mask> works extensively in Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, Russia, and the Americas to foster the understanding, policy, and action needed to protect and sustain wild nature while meeting the needs of human communities.His work brings him into all sectors of society from the government and corporate world to academics, the arts,

masks: Martin Martin Martin


title: Vance Martin

texts: local communities, and native/indigenous cultures. A key moment in <mask>'s career was his central role in conceiving, initiating and managing the first international agreement on wilderness signed by the governments of Canada, United States and Mexico in November, 2009, at WILD9 (9th World Wilderness Congress) (Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation for Wilderness and Protected Areas Conservation). At that same time he also co-conceived and launched the Nature Needs Half vision and practice with friend and colleague Harvey Locke. Between 1992 and 2002, <mask> closely collaborated with Dr Laurie Marker to establish and expand the Cheetah Conservation Fund, based in Namibia. He served as its President for 10 years and remains on the Board of Trustees. CCF is recognized as the premier global initiative to protect the endangered wild cheetah, and has become one of the most successful and far-reaching species-oriented field projects in the world. <mask> has been the International Director of the World Wilderness Congress (WWC) since 1983, as well as the executive editor for all its publications.The WWC has been described as the Olympics of the wilderness conservation world. Approximately every four years in a different country, the WWC convenes a diverse convergence of leaders in


title: Vance Martin

texts: international conservation, government, science, the arts and humanities, communications, and business with the public to: achieve practical conservation results; strengthen constructive dialogue and positive action on important environmental issues; promote a greater understanding of wilderness; and enhance the protection of wildlands and seas. Established in South Africa in 1977, this is the world’s longest-running, international, public conservation project and environmental forum. The “WILD10” process, of which <mask> was Co-Chair, took place in Europe and convened in Salamanca, Spain, in October 2013. In addition to his work with WILD (where he also is on the Board of Directors), <mask> has served on the board of directors of numerous other organizations including the Cheetah Conservation Fund (of which he was President for 10 years); Wilderness Foundation (Africa); Wilderness Foundation (UK); Conservation & Preservation Charities of America (President, 6 years); Friends of Peace Parks (President); International Conservation Caucus Foundation; SAVM, LLC. ; and Fulcrum Publishing, Inc. He is also the founder and current co-chairman of the Wilderness Specialist Group of the World Commission on Protected Areas of the IUCN; Fellow, Findhorn Foundation (Scotland); member,


title: Vance Martin

texts:
 International Advisory Council, EcoForum Global (China); Research Fellow, Yancheng Coastal Wetlands Research Institute (China); and Expert Advisor, Anshun Huangguoshu World Cultural and Natural Heritage Declaration (China).Collaborations
Dedicated to collaboration and cooperation as an effective means of empowering a wider social movement for nature conservation, <mask> has helped initiate or worked closely with others to foster many new projects and organizations. The significant collaborations include: International Conservation Caucus Foundation (with David H. Baron), Earth Vision Institute (with James Balog), documentary films Chasing Ice and Chasing Coral (with Jeff Orlowski and James Balog); and founding member of the Nature Needs Half Steering Committee (2015). <mask> is committed to the critical role of human culture as a necessary and effective force in nature conservation, and in creating solutions across boundaries and ideologies. Central to this is his dedication to working with Indigenous Peoples (IP) and local communities to assure respect and rightful regard for their knowledge, rights, and cultural practices. As well as working with traditional communities, elders and leaders in Africa, Asia, and North and South America, he co-founded the Native Lands and Wilderness


title: Vance Martin

texts:
 Council with Terry Tanner of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes (2005); co-founded with Sharon Shay Sloan the Indigenous and Community Lands and Seas project (2013); and continues to work very closely with Chief Tashka Yawanawa and his people in the far Western Amazon. As a lifetime advocate of the arts and humanities as a key tool for effective nature conservation, <mask> fostered (among many initiatives) the founding of the International League of Conservation Photographers with Cristina Mittermeier (2005), the International League of Conservation Writers (with Bob Baron of Fulcrum Publishing); initiated and co-produced the innovative Rap Guide to Wilderness (2014), with Canadian artist, Baba Brinkman; and co-produced with Patricio Robles Gil the performance art piece, Wild Rituals, Painted Bodies at the 9th World Wilderness Congress (2009, Mexico)

Awards and accomplishments
 Co-Founder; Executive Committee (Board of Trustees) of Wilderness Foundation Global (2015)
 Member, 2015, Clinton Global Initiative
 Founding Member, 2015, Rewilding Europe Circle
 Embajadore de Salamanca (2013)
 First French-language book on wilderness law and policy, 2013 (Ed. Cyril Kormos)
 Bob Marshall Award for Group Champion of wilderness Stewardship (on behalf of The WILD Foundation);


title: Vance Martin

texts:
 Award, World Wilderness Foundation, India, 1998
 First Global Wilderness Inventory (McCloskey and Spaulding, 1987)
 Fellow, Explorer's Club (New York); 2003–Present

Publications and other media

<mask> serves as an editor for numerous wilderness and conservation-related reference publications, including the contributing editor for the International Journal of Wilderness (1994–present),  contributing editor (international) for three editions of Wilderness Management, (the standard international reference), as well as a handbook on International Wilderness Law and Policy , Una Introducción al Derecho y las Políticas Internacionales Sobre Áreas Silvestres, and Une introduction au driot et aux politiques internationales de la nature sauvage. <mask> is listed in the Who's Who in Service to the Earth, Who's Who in the West, and numerous other references. His most recent book (2009) is a personal memoir Wilderness (with photographs by Patricio Robles Gil and introduction by Ian Player), . Books
 Casson, Sarah A.; <mask>, <mask>. et. al. Wilderness Protected Areas: Management guidelines for IUCN Category 1b protected areas.Gland, Switzerland: IUCN., 2016. Updated 2017. . Print. <mask>, <mask> and Sloan, Sharon Shay ed. Protecting Wild Nature on Native Lands: Case Studies by Native Peoples

masks:
Martin
Martin
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance


title: Vance Martin

texts:
 from around the World. Volume II. Golden Colo:Fulcrum Pub. 2012.Print (Spanish Language Edition in digital print)
 <mask>, <mask>, and Patricio Robles Gil (photographer). Wilderness. Mexico City, MX; Sierra Madre. 2009. . Print
 <mask>, <mask>, and Patricio Robles Gil (photographer). Tierras Silvestres. Mexico City, MX; Sierra Madre. 2009. . Print
 <mask>, <mask>, and Cyril Kormos, ed.Wilderness, Wildlands and People: A Partnership for the Planet. Golden Colo: Fulcrum Pub. 2008. . Print. <mask>, <mask>, Cajune, Julie, Tanner, Terry. ed. Protecting Wild Nature on Native Lands: Case Studies by Native Peoples from around the World. Volume I.Golden Colo:Fulcrum Pub. 2008.   . Print (English and Spanish Editions)
 <mask>, <mask>, and Andrew Muir, ed. Wilderness and Human Communities: The Spirit of the 21st Century. Golden, Colo.: Fulcrum Pub., 2004. .  Print. Gil, Patricio Robles, Russell A. Mittermeier, Cristina G. Mittermeier, <mask><mask>, et al.. 	Wilderness: Earth's Last Wild Places. [Mexico City]: CEMEX, 2002. Print.<mask>, <mask>, ed. Wilderness & Humanity: The Global Issue. Golden, Colo.: Fulcrum Publ., 2001. . Print. <mask>, <mask>, and Nicholas Tyler, ed. Arctic Wilderness. Golden, Colo.: North American, 1995. . Print. <mask>, <mask>, ed.For the Conservation of Earth. Golden,

masks:
Martin
Vance
Martin
Vance
Martin
Vance
Martin
Vance
Martin
Vance
Vance G
. Martin
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance
Martin
Vance


title: Vance Martin

texts:
 Colo.: Fulcrum,, 1988. . Print. <mask>, <mask>, and Mary Inglis, ed. Wilderness, the Way Ahead. The Park, Forres, Scotland: Findhorn, 1984. (UK); 0936878-10-X (USA). Print.<mask>, <mask>, ed. Wilderness. Findhorn, Moray, Scotland: Findhorn Press, 1982.  . Print. Articles and papers
 <mask>, <mask>.; Canney, Susan PhD. "The desert elephants of Mali." The Last Elephants. (2019): 425-437.Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness in the Story of Eco-civilization." Embrace the New Era of Eco-Civilization. (2018): 73-76. Print. Dinerstein et al. "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm."Bio-Science. 67.6. (2017): 534-545. Print. <mask>, <mask>.; ZHANG, Qian; Lewis, Amy "Wilderness in Eco-civilization - Protection, Management, and Communications." ECO - The New Era of Ecological Civilization. July.(2018): 73-76. Print. <mask>, <mask>.; YANG, Rui; CAO, Yue "To Establish a Chinese Wilderness Preservation System as an Essential Part of Eco-civilization." ECO - The New Era of Ecological Civilization. July. (2018): 83-90. Print.<mask>, <mask>.; Translated by ZHANG, Qian "Wilderness - International Perspectives and the China Opportunity." Chinese Landscape Architecture. 33.258.06. (2017): 5-9. Print. Canney, Susan PhD. ; <mask>, <mask>. "A Grassroots Battle to Save Mali's

masks:
Martin
Vance
Martin
Vance
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G


title: Vance Martin

texts:
 Elephants."AR3. Q4 (2016): 27-30. Print. Casson, Sarah; <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness at an International Scale." International Journal of Wilderness 22.3 (2016): 35-41. Print. Dawson, Chad P.; <mask>, <mask>. "A Tribute to John C.Hendee." International Journal of Wilderness 22.3 (2016): 4-10. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wildnis International" Ballett + Wildnis: Projekt Zur Kultur Der Natur - 10 Jahre (Idee und Konzept, Till Meyer, Eine Kooperation des Bayerischen Staatsballetts, mit dem Bayerischen Staatsministerium fur Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz), (2015) 105-106 Print. <mask>, <mask>. and Muir, Andrew "A Tribute to Ian Player - Global Wilderness Conservation Icon" International Journal of Wilderness 21.1 (2015): 4. Print and on-line. <mask>, <mask>. "The US Wilderness Act: Its History, Impact, Future Role in Growing a Global Wilderness Community" Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of The Wilderness Act, The National Wilderness Conference Proceedings (Albuquerque, NM, USA, October 2014) abstract 158 Print and on-line
 <mask>, <mask>. "Nature Needs Half - A Vision and a Practice" The Geographer (Royal Scottish Geographical Society), (Winter 2014-15): 17 Print and on-line.<mask>, <mask>. "Ian Player - A Personal Reflection." Sanctuary Asia, (February 2015): 32-35. Print and on-line. <mask>,

masks:
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin


title: Vance Martin

texts:
 <mask>., Hill, Melanie. "Make the World a Wilder Place." International Journal of Wilderness 20.2 (2014): 4. Print and on-line.<mask>, <mask>. , Randall, Julie A. "Social HALF." International Journal of Wilderness 19.2 (2013): 4. Print and on-line
 <mask>, <mask>. "Go Wild... For a Change." Sanctuary Asia, February 2013 (2013): 26-28. Print and on-line. Dudley N.; Kormos C.; Locke H.; <mask>. “Defining Wilderness in IUCN.” International Journal of Wilderness 18.1 (2012):1.Print and on-line. <mask>, <mask>. “WILD10 and Nature Needs Half.”  International Journal of Wilderness 17.3 (2011): 3. Print and on-line. <mask>, <mask>. “The Story”. An Introduction to “Reflections of a Wilderness Man” by Ian Player (2011) Print
 <mask>, <mask>. "The 9th World Wilderness Congress: Mexico, 2009." International Journal of Wilderness 16.1 (2010): 47-42. Print.<mask>, <mask>. "Nature Needs Half." Sanctuary Asia, December 2010 (2010): 65-66. Print and on-line. Watson, Alan; <mask>, <mask>; Lin, Chau Chin. 2009. Wilderness: an international community knocking on Asia’s door. Journal of National Park (Taiwan) 19(4):1-9.Print and On-line. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness in a Word ? or Two ? or More." International Journal of Wilderness 15.2 (2009): 3-3. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "9th World Wilderness Congress in

masks:
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin V
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G


title: Vance Martin

texts: 2009."International Journal of Wilderness 14.3 (2008): 36-36. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness -- The Strategic Element in Our Response to Global Environmental Change." International Journal of Wilderness 14.2 (2008): 25-25. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness Is on the Move!" International Journal of Wilderness 14.1 (2008): 3-3.Print. <mask>, <mask>.; Cyril F. Kormos; Franco Zunino; Till Meyer; Ulf Doerner;Toby Aykroyd. "Wilderness Momentum in Europe." International Journal of Wilderness 14.2 (2008): 34-38. Print. <mask>, <mask>.; Cyril F. Kormos; Russell A. Mittermeier; John D. Pilgrim; Michael Hoffmann. "The Role for Wilderness in Biodiversity Conservation."The Wild Planet Project (2007): 38-40. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The WILD Foundation: Working for Wilderness, Wildlife, and People Since 1974." The Wild Planet Project (2007): 2-7. Print. Kormos, Cyril F., <mask><mask>. "Private Sector Wilderness: An Important New Direction."The Wild Planet Project (2007): 47-48. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness Is a Bipartisan Cause." International Journal of Wilderness 12.3 (2006): 3-3. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "8th World Wilderness Congress Generates Conservation Results." International Journal of Wilderness 11.3 (2005): 26-29.Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The 8th World Wilderness Congress: Alaska

masks:
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Vance G
. Martin
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G


title: Vance Martin

texts: and Siberia." International Journal of Wilderness 10.1 (2004): 39-40. Print. <mask>, <mask>., Cyril Kormos. "Support Is Building for Global Wilderness Conservation." International Journal of Wilderness 9.2 (2003): 4-8.Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The 7th World Wilderness Congress: Wilderness and Human Communities." International Journal of Wilderness 8.1 (2002): 4-9. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness: It's Got Soul." International Journal of Wilderness 8.2 (2002): 3-3. Print.<mask>, <mask>. "Ian Player: Madolo." International Journal of Wilderness 7.3 (2001): 10-11. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The World Wilderness Congress." International Journal of Wilderness 7.1 (2001): 4-9. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The Wildest Issue."International Journal of Wilderness 6.1 (2000): 3-3. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The Trail Ahead." International Journal of Wilderness 4.1 (1998): 3-3. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "India Hosts 6th World Wilderness Congress." International Journal of Wilderness 4.3 (1998): 3-3.Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Remembering Our Friends and Heroes." International Journal of Wilderness 3.3 (1997): 48-48. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Remembering Sir Laurens Van Der Post." International Journal of Wilderness 3.2 (1997): 48-48. Print.<mask>, <mask>. "Australia's Wilderness Movement - Gathering Momentum."

masks:
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance G


title: Vance Martin

texts:
 International Journal of Wilderness 2.1 (1996): 10-13. Print. <mask>, <mask>., Cooper, Trygve G, ed. "International Status of Wilderness" and "Wilderness in Namibia: The WILD Foundation Perspective" Wilderness Management Symposium, The Ministry of Environment and Tourism (Waterberg Plateau Park, Namibia) (1996) 22 and 197. Print. McCloskey, Michael,  <mask>, <mask>."International Laws Governing Wilderness." Journal of Forestry 91.2 (1993): 35-35. Print. Stankey, G., <mask>, V, and R. Nash. International Concepts of Wilderness Preservation and Management. In Wilderness Management, Hendee, et al. Golden, Colo.: North American Press (1990)
 <mask>, <mask>. Numerous articles and publications through the Findhorn Press (1976-1984)

References

External links
 The WILD Foundation

American conservationists
Living people
1949

masks:
Martin
Vance G
Martin
Vance
Martin
Martin
Vance G


title: John Agar

texts:
<mask>. (January 31, 1921 – April 7, 2002) was an American film and television actor. He is best known for starring alongside <mask> in the films Sands of Iwo Jima, Fort Apache, and She Wore a Yellow Ribbon. In his later career he was the star of B movies, such as Tarantula, The Mole People, The Brain from Planet Arous, Revenge of the Creature, Flesh and the Spur and Hand of Death. He was the first husband of Shirley Temple. <mask>'s career suffered in the wake of his divorce, but he developed a niche playing leading men in low-budget science fiction, Western, and horror movies in the 1950s and 1960s. <mask> gave him several supporting roles in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In later years he worked extensively in television.Early life and military service
<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Lillian (née Rogers) and <mask> <mask>, a meat packer. His great aunt was Edna Gladney. He was educated at the Harvard School for Boys in Chicago  and Lake Forest Academy in Lake Forest, Illinois. He graduated from Trinity-Pawling Preparatory School in Pawling, New York, but did not attend college. He and his family moved from Chicago to Los Angeles in 1942, after his father's death. In 1941, <mask> joined the Navy Air Corps, had basic training in Texas, and instructed in physical training at March Field in Riverside, California. He was medically discharged from the Navy in 1943 due to an ear infection that affected his balance.He then enlisted in the United States Army Air Corps. He was a sergeant and a physical training instructor at the time he left the AAF in 1946. Career
<mask> met Shirley Temple in 1943 when he

masks:
John George Agar Jr
John Wayne
Agar
John Wayne
Agar
John George
Agar
Agar
Agar


title: John Agar

texts: was asked to escort her to a Hollywood party. After his marriage with Temple in 1945, her boss at the time, David O. Selznick, signed <mask> to a five-year acting contract starting at $150 a week, including acting lessons. <mask> made his film debut as Temple's love interest in Fort Apache (1948), a <mask> western for RKO starring <mask> and Henry Fonda. It was a financial and critical success. <mask> was reunited with Temple for his second film, a suffragette drama Adventure in Baltimore (1949), also for RKO, which was a huge flop.RKO used him in The Woman on Pier 13 (1950), an anti-communist drama that was a pet project of Howard Hughes. It was <mask>'s first movie without Temple, and he was billed after Robert Ryan and Laraine Day. It was another flop. More successful was a reunion with Wayne and Ford, She Wore a Yellow Ribbon (1949), in which <mask> played the romantic lead. It was a sizeable hit and has come to be regarded as a classic. Even more popular was the World War II film Sands of Iwo Jima (1949) where <mask> supported <mask>. Made by Republic Pictures, it was a sizeable hit, earning Wayne an Oscar nomination and getting <mask> some good reviews.Warner Bros put <mask> in a war film, Breakthrough (1950) which relied extensively on pre-existing war footage. It was a reasonable success at the box office. Warner Bros used him in Along the Great Divide (1951), supporting Kirk Douglas. He made a low budget Arabian Knights film for Sam Katzman with Lucille Ball, The Magic Carpet (1951). In 1952 <mask> was fired by Selznick for driving under the influence of alcohol, which affected his career with the large

masks:
Agar
Agar
John Ford
John Wayne
Agar
Agar
Agar
Agar
John Wayne
Agar
Agar
Agar


title: John Agar

texts: studios in Hollywood. <mask> was third billed in Woman of the North Country (1952), a Western for Republic, and also starred in Man of Conflict (1953), an independent drama with Edward Arnold. <mask> had support roles in Bait (1954), a Hugo Haas drama with Cleo Moore; The Rocket Man (1954), a Charles Coburn comedy co-written by Lenny Bruce; and Shield for Murder (1954), a film noir starring and co-directed by Edmond O'Brien.<mask> returned to leading roles in The Golden Mistress (1954), an adventure film directed by Abner Biberman. In 1954 <mask> signed a seven-year contract with Universal. He began the association with Revenge of the Creature (1955), the popular first sequel to Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954); it was produced by William Alland and directed by Jack Arnold. He was borrowed by Lippert Pictures for The Lonesome Trail (1955), then, at Universal, made a second film for Haas with Cleo Moore, Hold Back Tomorrow (1955). <mask> made another science fiction film, Tarantula (1955), made by Alland and Arnold, which was popular and became a cult favorite. Universal starred him in a Western, Star in the Dust (1956) with Mamie Van Doren and Richard Boone and produced by Albert Zugsmith. A new company, American International Pictures, borrowed <mask> for a Western, Flesh and the Spur (1956) with Marla English and Mike Connors (billed as "Touch Connors").Then he went back to Universal for The Mole People (1956), produced by Alland. <mask>'s contract with Universal ended when he complained that he was tired of only doing science fiction roles. His final film with the studio was supporting Universal's Western

masks: Agar Agar Agar Agar Agar Agar Agar


title: John Agar

texts: star Audie Murphy in a comedy Joe Butterfly (1957). <mask> remained in demand for low budget science fiction, horror and Western films. He starred in The Daughter of Dr. Jekyll (1957) for Edgar G. Ulmer at Allied Artists, then made The Brain from Planet Arous (1957) for Howco International. <mask> starred in some low budget Westerns for Lippert's low budget Regal Films at Fox, Ride a Violent Mile (1958) and Frontier Gun (1958). He went to the Philippines to make Cavalry Command (1958) and did two for AIP, Jet Attack (1958) and Attack of the Puppet People (1958).He shot a television pilot in 1958 that was released as a feature film Destination Space (1959). <mask> did Invisible Invaders (1958) for director Edward L. Cahn who had made Jet Attack. <mask> could be seen in Journey to the Seventh Planet (1962) and  Of Love and Desire (1963). He joined he ensemble casts in several low budget films for producer A.C. Lyles that were released by Paramount Pictures; The Young and The Brave (1963) with Rory Calhoun, Law of the Lawless (1963) starring Dale Robertson and William Bendix, Stage to Thunder Rock (1965) with Barry Sullivan and Marilyn Maxwell, Young Fury (1965) with Rory Calhoun and Lon Chaney Jr., <mask> (1966) with Dana Andrews and Jane Russell, and Waco (1966) with Howard Keel, Jane Russell and Brian Donlevy. <mask> made some films for Larry Buchanan at AIP that were originally meant as made-for-television-movies, Curse of the Swamp Creature (1966), Zontar, the Thing from Venus (1966) and Hell Raiders (1968). He had the lead in Women of the Prehistoric Planet (1966) and Night Fright (1967). <mask> had small parts in

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Agar
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Agar
Johnny Reno
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Agar


title: John Agar

texts:
 some studio films like The St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1967) with Jason Robards Jr. and Ralph Meeker, and three more pictures in a row with <mask>: The Undefeated (1969), Chisum (1970), and Big Jake (1971).<mask>'s last prominent roles were small parts in King Kong (1976) and Miracle Mile (1988). Personal life

Marriages
<mask>'s sister was a schoolmate of Shirley Temple. In 1944 <mask> escorted Temple to a party held by her boss at the time, David O. Selznick. The two were married in 1945. <mask> and Temple had a daughter together, Linda Susan <mask>, born 1948 (who was later known as Susan Black, taking the surname of her stepfather, Charles Alden Black). However, the marriage foundered, in part because of <mask>'s drinking (he had been arrested for drunk driving) and in part because of pressures of their high public profile. Temple sued for divorce on the grounds of mental cruelty in 1949.The two were divorced on December 7, 1950. After the divorce, <mask> had little contact with his daughter or with Temple. <mask> remarried in 1951 to model Loretta Barnett Combs (1922–2000). They tried to elope but officials refused to marry them for an hour because <mask> had been drinking. They remained married for 49 years until her death in 2000. They had two sons, <mask> and <mask><mask>, III. Legal issues
In 1950 <mask> was fined for reckless driving.In 1951 he was sentenced to five months in jail for drunk driving, and released on probation after 60 days. In 1953 <mask> was again arrested for drunk driving, and sentenced to 120 days in prison. In 1960 he was again arrested for drunk driving. Political Views

<mask>

masks:
John Wayne
Agar
Agar
Agar
Agar
Agar
Agar
Agar
Agar
Agar
Martin Agar
John G
. Agar
Agar
Agar
Agar


title: John Agar

texts:
 supported Barry Goldwater in the 1964 United States presidential election, and Ronald Reagan in 1980. <mask> died on April 7, 2002, in Burbank, California from complications from emphysema. He was 81. He was buried beside his wife at Riverside National Cemetery in Riverside, California.He was survived by his three children, four grandchildren, and two brothers. Legacy
As for being associated with science fiction B movies, <mask> said, "I don't resent being identified with B science fiction movies at all", <mask>'s Revenge" on the Topsy Turvy album in 1985. The television series Mystery Science Theater 3000 has made fun of several of <mask>'s films, including The Mole People, Women of the Prehistoric Planet and Revenge of the Creature.Judd Norcutt
Jet Attack (1958) – Capt. Tom Arnett
Attack of the Puppet People (1958) – Bob Westley
Frontier Gun (1958) – Jim Crayle
Invisible Invaders (1959) – Major Bruce Jay
Raymie (1960) – Ike
Fall Girl (1961) – Joe McElroy
Hand of Death (1962) – Alex Marsh
Journey to the Seventh Planet (1962) – Capt. Don Graham
The Young and The Brave (1963) – Intelligence officer
Cavalry Command/PHL: "The Day of the Trumpet" (1963) – Sergeant Norcutt
Of Love and Desire (1963) – Gus Cole
Law of the Lawless (1964) – Pete Stone
Stage to Thunder Rock (1964) – Dan Carrouthers
Young Fury (1965) – <mask> Reno (1966) – Ed Tomkins
Women of the Prehistoric Planet (1966) – Dr. Farrell
Waco (1966) – George Gates
Curse of the Swamp Creature  (1966, TV Movie) – Barry Rogers
Zontar, The Thing from Venus (1966) – Dr. Curt Taylor
St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1967) – Dion O'Banion
Night Fright (1967) – Sheriff Clint

masks:
Death Agar
Agar
Agargar
Agar
Dawson Johnny


title: John Agar

texts:
 James
The Virginian – episode – The Mustangers – Joe Williams
Charlie's Angels (1976) – episode – Target: Angels – Col. Blaylock
Highway to Heaven (1984) – episode – The Return of the Masked Rider – Morton Clay
The Making of Sands of Iwo Jima (1993) – Video Documentary Short – Himself

References

External links

The Official <mask> Website

Interview with <mask> III at Scar Monsters Magazine

1921 births
2002 deaths
American male film actors
Male actors from Chicago
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Lake Forest Academy alumni
Deaths from emphysema
Burials at Riverside National Cemetery
20th-century American male actors
Military personnel from California
Military personnel from Illinois
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
United States Army Air Forces soldiers
United States Navy

masks:
John Agar
John Agar


title: Stewart Leggett

texts:
<mask> (born 18 December 1944) is an Australian religious minister and former politician and educator. He was a Liberal member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1993 to 1997, representing the seat of Hanson in the 37th Parliament of South Australia. He was deputy headmaster and pastor of Temple Christian College before entering parliament. After not being reelected in the 1997 election, <mask> then served as a senior political advisor to the Premier and Deputy Premier of South Australia. From 1999 he was the head of the Aldinga campus of Southern Vales Christian College, until his retirement from teaching by 2005. Early years and personal life

<mask> was born to <mask> (a furniture salesman) and Lylia Mavis Carson in Bordertown, South Australia, on 18 December 1944. Leggett attended Bordertown High School, but missed a year of school following a car accident.He then left school early at the end of his year 10. He later moved to Adelaide and completed his year 11 and 12 at night school while working in a retail menswear store, after which he became a teacher. <mask>'s first child, Sarah Porter, was born in the 1960s followed by the birth of his second child, <mask>, on 22 January 1968. Both of his children went on to become accomplished classical musicians. Sarah Porter performs cello in the Geelong Symphony Orchestra and is a recorded cellist for the 1999 Sons of Korah album Light of Life. Career highlights for <mask> include performing in the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2006 Commonwealth Games and playing in many Australian orchestras, including touring China with the Royal Melbourne Philharmonic and playing principal viola for the Melbourne Opera. Paul later moved to Alice Springs to teach music to remote students.The passing of <mask> at 48 years old on 13 December 2016 made national headlines after he drowned at a popular Alice Springs swimming hole while leading a local school excursion. Teaching career

<mask> worked as a master at Pulteney Grammar School and from 1973 until 1984 he was the Director of Drama at Pulteney Grammar. He then became a staff member at Temple Christian College soon after the school first opened in 1983. <mask> was the Deputy Headmaster of Temple Christian College from 1986 until 1993 and

masks:
Stewart Ronald Leggett
Leggett
Stewart Leggett
Colin Stewart Leggett
Leggett
Paul Leggett
Paul Leggett
Paul Leggett
Leggett
Leggett


title: Stewart Leggett

texts:
 become the school's Acting Headmaster in 1992. From 1999  <mask> was the headmaster of the Aldinga campus of Southern Vales Christian College until his retirement from teaching in 2005. Ministry

<mask> obtained his Licentiate in Theology in Melbourne in 1970 through the Australian College of Theology. He subsequently obtained his Bachelor of Ministry majoring in pastoral care.From 1989 until 1992 <mask> was the pastor of the Lockleys Baptist Church. From 1991 until 1993 he was a minister for United Christian Fellowship. From 1993 until 1994 he became an associate pastor of the Sonshine Fellowship Church. In 1999 <mask> took up the position of Assistant Pastor of the Teen Challenge Church. In 2014 <mask> was a pastor at the Victor Harbor Church of Christ. <mask> currently sermons at Trinity South Coast, the Victor Harbor branch of Holy Trinity Church, Adelaide. As well as leading a number of churches in Adelaide, <mask> was employed as a pastor at Temple Christian College and also as chaplain of the Norwood Football Club.In 2006 <mask> performed the funeral ceremony of the director of Teen Challenge in South Australia, Pastor Morrie Thompson. The service was attended by over 500 people, including the Hons Ann Bressington, Family First founder Andrew Evans, and Nick Xenophon who also complimented <mask>'s ceremony in parliament as a matter of interest. Political life

<mask> had previously ran as a Liberal Movement candidate in the seat of Hawker at the 1975 federal election with a 6.6 percent primary vote, and was the fourth candidate on the Liberal Movement Senate ticket in South Australia at the 1974 federal election. Liberal Movement was organised in 1972 by former premier Steele Hall as an offshoot of LCL, and was re-absorbed into the LCL in 1976. He was a Liberal member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1993 to 1997, representing the seat of Hanson. His parliamentary appointment was to the recently created Social Development Committee where he worked with Michael Atkinson and other appointed members of parliament on an inquiry into prostitution. He also served on the Family and Community Services Committee and Tourism Committee.<mask> was a member of a 1995 Estimates Committee for the state government's $267 million South

masks:
Leggett
Stewart Leggett
Leggett
Leggett
Stewart Leggett
Leggett
Leggett
Leggett
Leggett
Stewart Leggett
Leggett


title: Stewart Leggett

texts:
 Australia Police budget. <mask> supported upholding the ban of the controversial film Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom. Leggett's support of the ban in parliament was quoted by Censorship in Australia:

<mask> was not reelected in the 1997 election, losing the seat for Hanson to Steph Key. The district of Hanson was abolished before the 2002 election and was replaced with Ashford. On 21 January 2004 Crikey referenced Leggett as an unlikely powerbroker and preference negotiator behind the success of the then recently formed Family First Party. In the 29 September 2004 episode of the ABC's The Religion Report program, Family First Party cofounder Andrew Evans credited Leggett with being an early adviser to the party. After leaving parliament Leggett then served as a senior political advisor to the Premier and Deputy Premier of South Australia.In 2003, 2006, 2009, and 2012 <mask> was appointed as a member of South Australia's Legal Practitioners Conduct Board, positions he was nominated for by the Attorney General and Premier of South Australia. In 2013 Leggett was also appointed as a Justice of the Peace, the position nominated by Premier Jay Weatherill. <mask> ran for mayor of Victor Harbor in the 2010 council elections and was the second most popular candidate by first preference votes, but lost to Graham Philip by 108 votes. Life after politics

As well as continuing to minister in various churches in Adelaide, <mask> remains an active figure in city. He has worked with SAPOL Sergeants for many years delivering drivers’ safety programs in schools. <mask> is on the board of the Rotary Club of Encounter Bay, working with children as the club's Director of New Generations. He presents a radio show on 90.1 HappyFM in Victor Harbor, which includes conducting interviews with local figures in the Victor Harbor community.<mask> also remains active in many community sporting organisations following his retirement. References

External links

 SA Parliament profile. <mask> Justice of the Peace public listing. 1944 births
Living people
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of South Australia
Members of the South Australian House of Assembly
Australian educators
Australian religious leaders
20th-century Australian politicians
People from South

masks:
Leggett
Leggett
Leggett
Leggett
Stewart Leggett
Leggett
Leggett
Stewart Leggett


title: Morrie Ryskind

texts:
Morris "<mask><mask> (October 20, 1895 – August 24, 1985) was an American dramatist, lyricist and writer of theatrical productions and motion pictures, who became a conservative political activist later in life. Life and career
<mask> was born in Brooklyn, New York City, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants, Ida (Edelson) and <mask>. He attended Columbia University but was suspended shortly before he was due to graduate after he called university president Nicholas Murray Butler "Czar Nicholas" in the pages of the humor magazine Jester in 1917. <mask> was criticizing Butler for refusing to allow Ilya Tolstoy speak on campus. From 1927 to 1945, <mask> was author of numerous scripts and musical lyrics for Broadway theatrical productions and Hollywood motion pictures and later directed a number of such productions as well. He collaborated with George S. Kaufman on several Broadway hits. In 1933, he earned the Pulitzer Prize (receiving the prize from the same Nicholas Murray Butler who had suspended him from Columbia University) for Drama for the Broadway production Of Thee I Sing, a musical written in collaboration with composer George Gershwin.<mask> wrote or co-wrote several Marx Brothers theatrical and motion picture screenplays, including the book for the Broadway musical Animal Crackers (1929) (with Kaufman), and he wrote the screenplays for the film versions of The Cocoanuts (1929) and Animal Crackers (1930). Later he co-wrote, again with Kaufman, the screenplay for A Night at the Opera (1935), which helped revive interest in the Marx Brothers and was selected by the American Film Institute as among the

masks:
Morrie
" Ryskind
Ryskind
Abraham Ryskind
Ryskind
Ryskind
Ryskind


title: Morrie Ryskind

texts:
 top 100 comedy films ever made. In working on that script, <mask> was heavily involved in the "cleanup process," watching the Brothers repeatedly perform sections of the play before live audiences to determine which lines worked and which did not. In an interview with Richard J. Anobile in The Marx Brothers Scrapbook, Groucho said he was so appalled by an early draft of the script, which was reportedly written by Bert Kalmar and Harry Ruby, that he screamed, "Why fuck around with second-rate talent, get Kaufman and <mask> [to write the screenplay]!" <mask> also rewrote the stage version of Room Service (1938), the original of which did not have the Marx Brothers, reworking the plot to make the movie suitable for the three distinctive performers. During that period, <mask> was also twice nominated for an Academy Award for his part in writing the films My Man Godfrey (starring Carole Lombard, 1936) and Stage Door (starring Katharine Hepburn, 1937). Later, he wrote the screenplay for the successful Penny Serenade, wrote the stage musical Louisiana Purchase (which soon became a film starring Bob Hope) and supervised the production of The Lady Comes Across.Political activism
For many years <mask> had been a member of the Socialist Party of America, and during the 1930s he participated in party-sponsored activities, even performing sketches at antiwar events, but he split with the party's "Old Guard faction," led by Louis Waldman. His politics soon moved to the right. In 1940, <mask> abandoned the Democratic Party, and he opposed President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's pursuit of a third term, writing the campaign

masks: Ryskind Ryskind Ryskind Ryskind Ryskind Ryskind


title: Morrie Ryskind

texts: song for that year's Republican Party presidential nominee, Wendell Willkie. He maintained some ties to the Socialist Party throughout the 1940s and served as a Vice Chairman of the Keep America Out of War Congress. Around then, he became a friend to writers Max Eastman, Ayn Rand, John Dos Passos, Suzanne La Follette and Raymond Moley. Later, he would become friend to William F. Buckley, Jr. and future US President Ronald Reagan. In 1947, he appeared before the House Committee on Un-American Activities as a "Friendly Witness."<mask> never sold another script after that appearance, and he believed that his appearance before HUAC was responsible although there is no direct evidence of an organized campaign against the "Friendly Witnesses." In the 1950s, <mask> contributed articles to the early free market publication The Freeman, In 1954, was also a board member of the American Jewish League Against Communism. Later, he lent money to Buckley to help start The National Review, which began publication in 1955, another journal to which he was an early contributor. <mask> briefly joined the John Birch Society but soon disassociated himself from the group after it began to claim that Roosevelt, Harry Truman, and Dwight Eisenhower were part of the Soviet conspiracy. He was also a vocal sympathizer with the anti-Zionist American Council for Judaism. In 1960, <mask> started to write a feature column in the Los Angeles Times that promoted conservative ideas for the next eleven years. His son, Allan H<mask>, was the longtime editor of the conservative Washington, DC, weekly Human Events.The elder <mask>'s autobiography,

masks:
Ryskind
Ryskind
Ryskind
Ryskind
. Ryskind
Ryskind


title: Morrie Ryskind

texts:
 I Shot an Elephant in My Pajamas: The Morrie Ryskind Story, details his adventures from Broadway to Hollywood as well as his conversion to conservative politics. (1945)
It's in the Bag! (1945) starring Fred Allen

Bibliography
 George S. Kaufman et al., Kaufman & Co.: Broadway Comedies, Laurence Maslon, ed. (New York: The Library of America, 2004) ; includes Animal Crackers and Of Thee I Sing)
 Animal Crackers (1928, with George S. Kaufman) (New York: Samuel French's Musical Library, 1984) )
 Of Thee I Sing (1931, with George S. Kaufman Ira Gershwin) (New York: Knopf. 1932; Samuel French's Musical Library, 1963) )
 Let 'Em Eat Cake (1933, with George S. Kaufman Ira Gershwin) (New York: Knopf. 1933)
 I Shot an Elephant in My Pajamas: the Morrie Ryskind Story (with John H. M. Roberts, Lafayette, LA: Huntington House, 1994.) References

External links

 <mask> Ryskind papers, 1911–1985, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts

1895 births
1985 deaths
20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
Activists from New York (state)
American anti-war activists
American male screenwriters
American musical theatre librettists
American musical theatre lyricists
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
American political activists
Columbia University alumni
Jewish American dramatists and playwrights
John Birch Society members
Members of the Socialist Party of America
New York (state) Republicans
Old Right (United States)
Pulitzer Prize for Drama winners
Writers from Brooklyn
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American screenwriters
20th-century American


title: Ryan Boatright

texts:
<mask> (born December 27, 1992) is an American-born naturalized Armenian professional basketball player for Paris Basketball of the LNB Pro A. He also represents the Armenian national basketball team. He completed his college career at Connecticut in 2015. <mask> was a key player for the Huskies' 2013–14 NCAA Championship team, as he earned 2014 NCAA Final Four All-Tournament team honors. High school career
<mask>, an Aurora, Illinois native, averaged 31.2 points per game as a senior at East Aurora High School and was named Illinois Co-Mr. Basketball with Chasson Randle. As a Senior, he once scored 63 points in a game against Proviso West, and another outing scoring 55 against St. Charles North. <mask> also led the charge in defeating and upsetting the undefeated Benet Academy Redwings in the Sectional Semifinals 60–52.Benet was ranked #1 in the State of Illinois, 7th in the Nation with a team that featured Wisconsin bound Frank Kaminsky. <mask> finished with 29 points and 6 assists. He had originally committed to West Virginia, but changed his mind when the Mountaineers signed another point guard just a day later. He then went on and decided to commit to the University of Connecticut. <mask> was ranked 74th in the ESPN 100 list of high school basketball players, and also was listed as 7th in the state of Illinois and 14th in the point guard position. College career

Freshman year
Upon arriving at Connecticut, his eligibility was challenged. After missing the first three games, the National Collegiate Athletic Association ruled that he would have to serve an additional three-game suspension to bring his total to six games served

masks:
Ryan Jamar Boatright
Boatright
Boatright
Boatright
Boatright
Boatright


title: Ryan Boatright

texts:
 due to "receiving improper benefits".Upon further review, <mask> endured a total of nine games under suspension. Nonetheless, he became a key player for the Huskies as a freshman, averaging 10.4 points, 4.0 assists and 3.3 rebounds in 30.1 minutes per game. Sophomore year
Following his return, <mask> along with backcourt teammate Shabazz Napier both rose to the national spotlight as they were highlighted as one of the nation's best backcourts, as they both averaged a combined 33 points and 9 assists per game, outplaying nearly every opponents' backcourt they've played. He kept the momentum up in his sophomore season of 2012–13, raising his scoring average to 15.4. He was named to the USBWA All-District first-team at the conclusion of the season. Junior year
On April 26, 2013, <mask> opted to return to the team for his junior year along with teammates Shabazz Napier and DeAndre Daniels. <mask> played 39 of UConn's 40 games, starting 38 of them, averaging 12.1 points, 3.4 assists, 1.6 steals and a career-best 3.5 rebounds.He averaged 13.5 points and 5.0 rebounds in the Final Four and was named to the All-Final Four team. He was one of four Huskies to average double-digit point totals in the inaugural American Athletic Conference Tournament. <mask> scored in double-figures in 27 of 39 games and in all six of UConn's NCAA Tournament games. He was second on the team this year with 61 steals, which were the most ever for him in a season. <mask>'s defense was a key factor in the Huskies' drive to the 2014 Final Four. He was named to the 2014 All-Final Four team and UConn won the national championship. Senior year

Upon the preseason

masks: Boatright Boatright Boatright Boatright Boatright Boatright


title: Ryan Boatright

texts:
 of the 2014–15 season, <mask> was named the preseason All-American Athletic Conference player of the year and was selected to the preseason first team.He was then added to the 2015 Bob Cousy Award watch list. <mask> was a unanimous first-team All-American Athletic Conference team selection in 2015. He hit a game winning three off a crossover against Cincinnati in the AAC Tournament quarter-finals as time expired to win the game 57–54, which many considered was a mimic of Kemba Walker's game winning shot against Pittsburgh in the 2011 Big East Tournament. In nine Summer League games for the Nets, <mask> averaged 14.1 points, 2.3 rebounds and 2.2 assists per game. On October 20, 2015, he was waived by the Nets after appearing in four preseason games. On October 23, he signed with the Detroit Pistons, but was waived two days later. On October 31, he was acquired by the Grand Rapids Drive of the NBA Development League as an affiliate player of the Pistons.On January 21, 2016, he was waived by the Drive. Orlandina Basket (2016)
On January 26, <mask> signed with Orlandina Basket of the Italian Serie A.

Guangzhou Long-Lions (2016)
On July 30, 2016, <mask> signed with Guangzhou Long-Lions of the Chinese Basketball Association. Cedevita Zagreb (2016–2017)
On November 21, 2016, <mask> signed with Cedevita Zagreb of the Croatian League after leaving China. Beşiktaş (2017–2018)
On July 21, 2017, <mask> signed a 1+1 deal with Turkish club Beşiktaş. Agua Caliente Clippers (2018)
For the 2018–19 season, Boatwright signed with the Agua Caliente Clippers of the NBA G League. Texas Legends (2018–2019)
On December 16, 2018, the Texas Legends

masks: Boatright Boatright Boatright Boatright Boatright Boatright Boatright


title: Ryan Boatright

texts:
 announced that they had acquired <mask> from the Agua Caliente Clippers. Unicaga (2019)
On January 8, 2019, Unicaja announced that they had acquired Boatright.Cedevita Olimpija (2019–2020)
On July 30, <mask> signed with Cedevita Olimpija of the ABA League. BC Avtodor (2020)
On January 29, 2020, <mask> signed with BC Avtodor of the VTB United League. He averaged 16 points per game. Rytas Vilnius (2020–2021)
On November 8, 2020, <mask> signed with BC Rytas of the Lithuanian Basketball League. Paris Basketball (2021–present)
On March 1, 2021, <mask> signed with Paris Basketball of the LNB Pro A. Personal life
<mask> is the son of Mike McAllister and Tanesha <mask>. He has one brother Michael and two younger sisters Dasia and Deahjay.References

External links
UConn Huskies bio

1992 births
Living people
ABA League players
Agua Caliente Clippers players
American expatriate basketball people in China
American expatriate basketball people in Croatia
American expatriate basketball people in Italy
American expatriate basketball people in Slovenia
American expatriate basketball people in Spain
American expatriate basketball people in Turkey
American men's basketball players
Baloncesto Málaga players
Basketball players at the 2014 NCAA Division I Men's Final Four
Basketball players from Illinois
BC Avtodor Saratov players
Beşiktaş men's basketball players
Grand Rapids Drive players
Guangzhou Loong Lions players
KK Cedevita players
KK Cedevita Olimpija players
Liga ACB players
Orlandina Basket players
Paris Basketball players
Point guards
Sportspeople from Aurora, Illinois
Texas Legends players
UConn Huskies men's basketball


title: Edward Robinson (scholar)

texts:
<mask> (April 10, 1794 – January 27, 1863) was an American biblical scholar known for his magnum opus, Biblical Researches in Palestine, the first major work in Biblical Geography and Biblical Archaeology, which earned him the epithets "Father of Biblical Geography" and "Founder of Modern Palestinology." He studied in the United States and Germany, a center of biblical scholarship and exploration of the Bible as history. He translated scriptural works from classical languages, as well as German translations. His Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament (1836; last revision, 1850) became a standard authority in the United States, and was reprinted several times in Great Britain. Biography
<mask> was born in Southington, Connecticut, and raised on a farm. His father was a minister in the Congregational Church of the town for four decades. The younger <mask> taught at schools in East Haven and Farmington in 1810–11 to earn money for college.He attended Hamilton College, in Clinton, New York, where his maternal uncle, Seth Norton, was a professor. He graduated in 1816. In 1821 he went to Andover, Massachusetts, where he published his translation of books i–ix, xviii and xix of the Iliad. There he aided Moses Stuart in the preparation of the second edition (1823) of the latter's Hebrew Grammar. He translated into English (1825) Wahl's Clavis Philologica Novi Testamenti. <mask> went to Europe to study ancient languages, largely in Halle and Berlin (1826–30). While in Halle, in 1828 he married the German writer Therese Albertine Luise.After the couple returned to the United States, <mask> was appointed professor extraordinary of sacred literature at Andover Theological Seminary (1830–33). <mask> founded the Biblical Repository (1831),

masks:
Edward Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson


title: Edward Robinson (scholar)

texts:
 which he edited for four years. He also established the Bibliotheca Sacra (1843), into which was merged the Biblical Repository. He spent three years in Boston working on a lexicon of scriptural Greek. Illness caused him to move to New York City. He was appointed as professor of biblical literature at Union Theological Seminary, serving from 1837 until his death. At the Union Theological Seminary, he also served as the first librarian of the Burke Library.Exploration of Palestine

In 1836 <mask> published both a translation of Wilhelm Gesenius' Hebrew Lexicon and a Greek New Testament Lexicon. <mask> traveled to Palestine in 1838 in the company of Rev. Eli Smith. He published Biblical Researches in Palestine in 1841, for which he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Geographical Society in 1842. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1847. <mask>, together with Smith, made scores of identifications of ancient places referred to the Bible. His work established his enduring reputation as a "Founder" of Biblical archaeology, and influenced much of future archaeological field work.Examples of his finds in Jerusalem include the Siloam tunnel and <mask>'s Arch in the Old City; the latter was named in his honor. The two men returned to Ottoman Palestine in 1852 for further investigations. In 1856 the enlarged edition of Biblical Researches was published simultaneously in English and German. Among those who later acknowledged <mask>’s stature, in 1941 G. Ernest Wright, reviewing the pioneering survey contained in Nelson Glueck's The Other Side of the Jordan, makes a just comparison and fitting testimonial: "Glueck's explorations are second to none, unless it is those of <mask>." Published works
 Dictionary

masks:
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Edward Robinson


title: Edward Robinson (scholar)

texts:
 of the Holy Bible for the Use of Schools and Young Persons (Boston, 1833)
 Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament (1836; last revision, New York, 1850), based on the Clavis Philologica Novi Testamenti of Christian A. Wahl. This work superseded his translation of Wahl's work, becoming a standard authority in the United States. It was several times reprinted in Great Britain.Biblical Researches in Palestine and Adjacent Countries (three volumes, Boston and London, 1841; German edition, Halle, 1841; second edition, enlarged, 1856, published in both English and German)
 Greek Harmony of the Gospels (1845; second edition, 1851). The Greek text is the Textus Receptus of August Hahn. English Harmony of the Gospels (1846)
 Memoir of Rev. <mask>, with some Account of his Ancestors in this Country (printed privately, New York, 1859) This is a sketch of his father, who for 41 years was pastor of the Congregational church in Southington, Connecticut. Physical Geography of the Holy Land (New York and London, 1865). This is a supplement to his Biblical Researches, and was edited by Mrs. <mask> after his death. Revised editions of the Greek and English Harmonies, edited by Matthew B. Riddle, were published in 1885 and 1886 after <mask>'s death.<mask> edited and translated:
Philipp Karl Buttmann, Greek Grammar (1823; third edition, 1851)
Georg Benedikt Winer, Grammar of New Testament Greek (1825), with Moses Stuart
Christian Abraham Wahl, Clavis Philologica Novi Testamenti (1825)
Wilhelm Gesenius, Hebrew Lexicon of the Old Testament, including the Biblical Chaldee (1836; fifth edition, with corrections and additions, 1854)

He revised:
Augustine Calmet, Dictionary of the Bible (Boston, 1832)

References

Further reading
 R. D. Hitchcock, The

masks:
William Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson


title: Edward Robinson (scholar)

texts:
 Life, Writings, and Character of <mask> (New York, 1863)
  "The Development of Palestine Exploration: Being the Ely Lectures for 1903", Frederick Jones Bliss. (London,1906), Lecture V "Edward Robinson" pp. 184 ff. A Centennial Symposium on <mask> Robinson: The Critical Faculty of <mask> Robinson  by W. F. Stinespring Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol. 58, No. 4. (Dec. 1939), pp.379–387
Williams, Jay G. The Times and Life of <mask>: Connecticut Yankee in King Solomons Court. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 1999. Yehoshua Ben-Arieh, The Rediscovery of the Holy Land in the Nineteenth Century, Magnes Press/Hebrew University/Wayne State University Press, 1979
Renaud Soler, <mask> (1794–1863) et l'émergence de l'archéologie biblique, Paris, Geuthner, 2014
Haim Goren, Mapping the Holy Land : the foundation of a scientific cartography of Palestine, London New York : I.B. Tauris, 2017. Haim Goren, The loss of a minute is just so much loss of life" : <mask> and Eli Smith in the Holy Land, 2020. External links

Works by <mask>, <mask>, 1794–1863, on HathiTrust
<mask> Personal Letter

American theologians
American archaeologists
1794 births
1863 deaths
Hamilton College (New York) alumni
Archaeologists of the Near East
Biblical archaeologists
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Union Theological Seminary (New York City) faculty
Columbia University librarians
Holy Land travellers
American travel writers
American male non-fiction writers
American biblical scholars
American geographers
Palestinologists
19th-century geographers
Cartographers of the Middle East
19th-century American translators
19th-century cartographers
People from Southington, Connecticut
19th-century male writers
Historical geographers
History of

masks:
Edward Robinson
Edward
Edward
Edward Robinson
Edward Robinson
Edward Robinson
Robinson
Edward
Edward Robinson


title: Scott Askham

texts:
<mask> (born 20 May 1988) is an English mixed martial artist currently competing in the Middleweight division of KSW. A professional since 2010, he has also competed for the UFC, Absolute Championship Berkut, BAMMA, and Cage Warriors. He is currently ranked #2 in the KSW Middleweight rankings. Background
Born and raised in West Yorkshire, <mask> began training in mixed martial arts as a teenager and took part in several amateur fights before turning professional in 2010. During this time, he also worked for a bit with a maintenance company installing street lighting. Mixed martial arts career

Early career
Prior to his professional career, <mask> held an amateur MMA record of 3–0. He made his professional debut competing as a middleweight for various regional promotions across Great Britain, including stints in Cage Warriors and BAMMA.He was able to compile an undefeated record of 12–0 along the way, finishing a large portion of his fights in the first round. After his TKO stoppage of Max Nunes in June 2014, <mask> signed with the UFC. Ultimate Fighting Championship
<mask> made his promotional debut on 4 October 2014 as he faced Magnus Cedenblad at UFC Fight Night 53. Despite dropping Cedenblad with a front kick in round two, <mask> was controlled through the rest of the fight, and was defeated via unanimous decision. <mask> next faced Antonio dos Santos Jr. on 20 June 2015 at UFC Fight

masks:
Scott Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham


title: Scott Askham

texts:
 Night 69. <mask> won the fight via KO in the first round. <mask> faced Krzysztof Jotko on 24 October 2015 at UFC Fight Night 76.He lost the fight by split decision. <mask> faced Chris Dempsey on 27 February 2016 at UFC Fight Night 84. He won the fight via knockout in the first round. He was also awarded a Performance of the Night bonus. <mask> was briefly scheduled to face Anthony Smith on 8 July 2016 at The Ultimate Fighter 23 Finale. However, <mask> pulled out of the bout on 28 April and was replaced by Cezar Ferreira. Following a quick recovery, <mask> was rescheduled to face promotional newcomer Jack Hermansson on 3 September 2016 at UFC Fight Night 93.He lost the fight by unanimous decision. <mask> faced <mask> on 18 March 2017 at UFC Fight Night 107. He lost the fight by split decision and was subsequently released from the promotion. Post-UFC career
<mask> fought fellow British UFC veteran Luke Barnatt on 23 September 2017 in the main event at ACB 70. He won the fight by split decision. On 10 December 2017 <mask> revealed a three-fight contract with KSW. As the first fight of his contract and promotional debut, <mask> faced former KSW Middleweight Champion Michał Materla at KSW 42: Khalidov vs. Narkun on March 3, 2018.<mask> won the fight via technical knockout stemming from a body kick. He also won the Knockout of the Night bonus. As the second fight and the semifinal of KSW

masks:
Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham
Brad Scott
Askham
Askham
Askham
Askham


title: Scott Askham

texts:
 Middleweight tournament, <mask> faced Marcin Wójcik at KSW 45: The Return to Wembley on October 6, 2018. <mask> won the fight via body kick and punches, winning his second Knockout of the Night bonus in the organization. In the final fight of his contract <mask> fought in the KSW Middleweight Tournament Final, winning a rematch against Michał Materla via flying knee knockout and becoming the KSW Middleweight Champion. <mask> faced Mamed Khalidov in a catchweight bout at KSW 52 on December 7, 2019. He won the bout via unanimous decision.<mask> was scheduled to defend his KSW Middleweight Championship in a rematch against Mamed Khalidov at KSW 55: <mask> vs. Khalidov 2 on October 10, 2020. He lost the fight via first-minute knockout. Championships and accomplishments

Mixed martial arts
Ultimate Fighting Championship
Performance of the Night (One time) vs. Chris Dempsey
Absolute Championship Berkut
Fight of the Night (One time) vs. Luke Barnatt
Konfrontacja Sztuk Walki
KSW Middleweight Championship (One time)
2019 KSW Middleweight tournament winner. |-
|Win
|align=center|11–0
|Jorge Luis Bezerra
|Decision (unanimous)
|BAMMA 13
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Birmingham, England
|Won the BAMMA Middleweight Championship. |-
|Win
|align=center|10–0
|Jack Marshman
|Decision (unanimous)
|Ultimate Cage FC 5
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Doncaster, England
|Won the UCFC Middleweight

masks: Askham Askham Askham Askham Askham Askham


title: George Gibbs Dibrell

texts:
<mask> (April 12, 1822 – May 9, 1888) was an American lawyer and a five-term member of the United States House of Representatives from the 3rd Congressional District of Tennessee. He also served as a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War and as a railroad executive. Biography
<mask> was born in Sparta in White County, Tennessee, on 12 April 1822. His ancestors were Huguenot refugees from France who settled in Virginia in 1700. His grandfather fought as a Patriot in the American Revolution and married into a branch of the Lee family in Virginia. His father, <mask>, arrived in White County, Tennessee, in 1811, where he served as a circuit court clerk, state legislator, was once a Whig candidate for Congress, and eventually the State Treasurer of Tennessee. Dibrell worked on his father's farm during the summer, and at the age of 15 he travelled alone to Virginia and Mississippi with droves of livestock.What little formal education Dibrell received came at the local schools during the winter months, followed by one session at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville at age 16. In 1842 <mask> married Mary Elizabeth Leftwich, also a Sparta native. The daughter of a Virginia merchant, Miss Leftwich obtained a lady's education at the Nashville Female Academy. She and her husband both became members of the Southern Methodist Church in the same year they were married. They attended the Methodist congregation at Sparta, where Mary taught Sunday school. Later that year they welcomed the first of their eight children. Antebellum career
Dibrell studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1843, and established a legal practice.While engaged in agricultural and mercantile pursuits, <mask> was elected clerk of the branch of the Bank of Tennessee at Sparta. He was a justice of the peace and a county clerk for White County

masks:
George Gibbs Dibrell
Dibrell
Anthony Dibrell
George Dibrell
Dibrell


title: George Gibbs Dibrell

texts:
 for many years. By 1850 he had managed to accumulate an estate worth $500. Ten years later in 1860, the total value of <mask>'s personal estate had increased to $27,000, making him one of the top five wealthiest landowners in the county. The 1850 United States Census, Slave Schedule, for White County, indicates that Dibrell owned four mulatto slaves: a woman of 45 years, a girl of 12, and two boys of four and two years. The 1860 census record lists Dibrell as owning 16 slaves, ranging in age from 1–50 years in age. From the end of his time as clerk at the Bank of Tennessee until the beginning of the War, Dibrell carried on in commerce, his occupation in the 1850 census indicating "merchant."Political and military service

Overview
Dibrell volunteered in the Confederate States Army and served from 1861 to 1865. He rose from private in the 25th Tennessee Infantry to lieutenant colonel of that regiment in August 1861. He fought in the Mill Springs campaign and at the Siege of Corinth. Dibrell later organized the White County "Partisan Rangers," raised the 8th Tennessee Cavalry, and served as its first colonel. Commanding a brigade, he played a prominent role in the defense of the important saltworks during the Battle of Saltville. He served under noted cavalry generals Nathan Bedford Forrest and Joseph Wheeler. Promoted to brigadier general in early 1865, Dibrell commanded a division under Wheeler during the Carolinas Campaign and its climactic Battle of Bentonville.He accompanied the flight of the Confederate government following the evacuation and fall of Richmond in April 1865, having charge of protecting the national archives of the Confederacy and escorting President Jefferson Davis from Greensboro, North Carolina into Georgia. He was finally captured and paroled near Washington, Georgia, on May 9, 1865. 1861–1862
As the


title: George Gibbs Dibrell

texts: secession movement swept the South, <mask> was elected as a Union delegate to the Tennessee State Constitutional Convention in July 1861, which would debate the prospect of secession, but it was voted against and never met. <mask> was also elected to represent White County in the 1861 Tennessee State Legislature, where he served but several weeks before joining the Confederate States Army. <mask> left for the Confederate military service in the summer of 1861, leaving behind his wife Mary and seven children, ranging in age from sixteen years to one year old. He travelled to Camp Zollicoffer near Livingston, Tennessee, to enlist with the 25th Tennessee Infantry on 10 August 1861. He brought with him two horses worth $200 each.At Livingston he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment. After three months’ drilling, the 25th marched as part of a larger force under Brigadier General Zollicoffer to Camp Beech Grove, just across the Cumberland River from Mill Springs, Kentucky, in advance of a threatened Federal invasion from nearby Somerset or Colombia to the west, and to break up Kentuckian Federal home guard units. This immediately preceded the Battle of Fishings Creek (more generally known as the Battle of Mill Springs or Logan's Crossroads) on 19 January 1862, one of the first significant Union victories of the Civil War, which helped break the Confederate defensive line. Zollicoffer fell during the battle, at which point the Confederate forces were outflanked and retreated in disorder. Dibrell and the 25th Tennessee formed the Confederate left flank which was turned by the Union commander. The Confederates fell back that night across the Cumberland River, leaving behind their artillery, wagons, horses, and all of their supplies and ammunition. Confederate loss totaled about 400 killed, wounded, and captured.In May 1862, the

masks:
Dibrell
Dibrell
George Dibrell


title: George Gibbs Dibrell

texts:
 25th Tennessee was reorganized at Corinth, and <mask> was defeated in his bid for the Lieutenant Colonelcy. <mask> was discharged from the regiment on 10 May 1862, with three months remaining on his period of enlistment. He then travelled to Richmond where he obtained permission to raise a regiment for Confederate service, after which he returned home to Sparta. There he organized an independent force of cavalry as partisan rangers. This regiment, which entered service as the 8th Tennessee Cavalry (sometimes called the 13th), was organized at Yankeetown, a short distance from downtown Sparta, on 4 September 1862, and totaled 920 men in twelve companies. <mask> was elected Colonel. His eldest son Wayman Leftwich <mask> joined the regiment (before its official organization) as a 2nd Lieutenant on 2 August 1862, at the age of 19 years, 8 months.Politics
<mask> was a delegate to the Tennessee state constitutional convention in 1870. Elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and the four succeeding Congresses, <mask> served from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1885. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1884 and resumed agriculture and business pursuits, including the development of several coal mines. Post-war Pursuits

Overview
Owner of over fifteen thousand acres in White County, Dibrell established the Bon Air Coal & Coke Company, which became one of the county's leading industries and largest employers. Also a key figure in the development of the Southwestern Railroad, which connected Sparta with the Nashville and Chattanooga line, he was President of that railroad in 1869. Dibrell also served as a delegate to the Methodist conference at Memphis in 1870, and at Nashville in 1882. Railroads
Shortly after returning to his home and family in mid-1865, Dibrell commenced the process of renewing the vitality of his hometown.This

masks:
Dibrell
Dibrell
George Dibrell
Dibrell
Dibrell
Dibrell


title: George Gibbs Dibrell

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 began by bringing in branches of the McMinnville and Manchester Railroad, Nashville and Chattanooga Company (N. C. & St. L.), and the Southwestern Railroad Company, with the object of opening up the somewhat geographically- and thus commercially isolated county. The former two of these companies completed the first rail lines in the state before the war, connecting Nashville, McMinnville, and Tullahoma. Hitherto, livestock and other marketable goods had to be driven or carried over land, much as <mask> did in his youth. Plans existed to extend a branch from McMinnville to Sparta as early as 1858, but these were cancelled by the impending conflict. <mask> became a director of the Southwestern Railroad Company three years before he was elected as its president in 1869. He remained in this position for 15 years until the company was acquired by the Nashville and Chattanooga Company and the railroad came to Sparta in 1884. The advent of the railroad in White County fulfilled "a great need for a speedier method of moving the products of an expanding and developing land."Bon Air Coal
As the railroads slowly began to take shape, <mask> focused his efforts towards the formation and organization of the Bon Air Coal, Land, and Lumber Company, concentrated on Bon Air Mountain just outside of Sparta. According to White County historian E.G. Rogers, the organization of this company had been a dream of <mask>'s and one which he had sought to further as early as his brief tenure in the Tennessee Legislature. Additionally, Dibrell possessed the foresight and entrepreneurial business sense to invest money from his antebellum mercantile success in the gradual accumulation of more than 15,000 acres of good coal and timber land, which formed the company's property upon its organization. The official charter was finally secured in September 1882, and

masks: Dibrell Dibrell Dibrell Dibrell


title: George Gibbs Dibrell

texts:
 by 1900 the company's holdings had grown to include some 38,000 acres of land. <mask> was elected the vice-president of the company upon his declination of the presidency itself, which was filled by former governor and president of the 1870 convention, John C. Brown. Death
<mask> <mask> passed away on 9 May 1888, at his home in Sparta, aged 66 years and 27 days.The cause was an "aggravated inflammation of the kidneys," a recurring problem irritated by a strenuous 40-mile horseback ride taken two weeks prior. He was survived by his eight children, plus a number of grandchildren, in addition to his wife Mary. His funeral services were performed by the same minister who married them 46 years earlier. The announcement of his death in the "Daily American," a Nashville newspaper, read "[<mask>] has done more for White County than any man who ever lived here [...] This is the unanimous verdict of all." He is interred at the Old Sparta Cemetery. See also

List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)

Notes

References
 Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. .
 Sifakis, Stewart.Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. .
 Warner, Ezra J. Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. . External links

 Retrieved on 2008-02-13
Tennesseeencyclopedia.net bio
Tngenweb.org bio

Members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee
Members of the Tennessee House of Representatives
1822 births
1888 deaths
Confederate States Army generals
Tennessee lawyers
19th-century American railroad executives
People of Tennessee in the American Civil War
Tennessee Democrats
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
19th-century American politicians
19th-century

masks:
Dibrell
George Gibbs
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Dibrell


title: Alexandre Dratwicki

texts:
<mask> (born 31 January 1977 in Thionville, Moselle) is a contemporary French musicologist. Biography
Scientific director of the Palazzetto Bru Zane – Centre de musique romantique française (Venice), holder of a doctorate in musicology from the Paris-Sorbonne University in 2003) and former resident of the Académie de France à Rome (Villa Médicis), <mask> is a graduate from the Conservatoire de Paris (esthetics). He has taught music history and musical analysis in several French universities (Paris IV - Sorbonne, Lille, Poitiers, Rouen) and was a radio producer for Radio France (La Querelle des Bouffons and Sortez les jumelles in 2006–2007) with his twin brother . In 2006–2008, he was artistic advisor to the Opéra-Comique (Paris). <mask> has been trained as a clarinetist and violist at the Metz and Nancy conservatories. He also received various awards in music history, musical analysis, orchestration and chamber music. As a musicologist, he has published notably at Actes Sud, ,  and Symétrie.His work Un nouveau commerce de la virtuosité (1780–1830), published by the latter earned him the 2007 Prix des Muses for essay. In 2013 he received a prize of the Napoléon foundation for the record-book La Mort d'Abel by Kreutzer, which he directed. As a researcher, he is particularly interested in the notions of virtuosity (direction of the collective Le concerto pour piano français à l'épreuve des modernités, Actes Sud & Palazzetto Bru Zane, 2015)

masks:
Alexandre Dratwicki
Alexandre Dratwicki
Alexandre Dratwicki


title: Alexandre Dratwicki

texts:
 and musical academism (codirection with Julia Lu of the Concours du prix de Rome for music. 1803–1968, Symétrie & Palazzetto Bru Zane, 2011). Since 2009, through his activity at the Palazzetto Bru Zane, which consists of rediscovering unknown works and forgotten composers, He participates in productions or co-productions leading to the (re) creation of French works in concert and on the stage, extended in general by the publication of recordings. In this context, <mask> Bru Zane since 2010 (Debussy, Saint-Saëns, Charpentier, d’Ollone, Dukas). In 2012, he started the series "Opéras français" of the Palazzetto Bru Zane (with Amadis de Gaule by JC Bach and La Mort d'Abel by Kreutzer) and subsequently, in 2014, that of the "Portraits" (with Théodore Gouvy).Publications
(sélection). Books
 Un nouveau commerce de la virtuosité : émancipation et métamorphoses de la musique concertante au sein des institutions musicales parisiennes (1780-1830), preface by Jean Gribenski, Lyon, Symétrie, 2006. Prix des Muses 2007 (category: musicological essay) ,
 Mozart, Paris, Le Cavalier bleu (series: Idées reçues), 2006 . Mozart. Paris, 1778, in collaboration with Benoît <mask>, Versailles, Centre de musique baroque de Versailles, 2006. Direction of collective works
 Le concerto pour piano français à l'épreuve des modernités, Actes Sud & Palazzetto Bru Zane, 2015 . Le surnaturel sur la scène lyrique : du merveilleux baroque au fantastique romantique,

masks:
Alexandre Dratwicketto
Dratwicki


title: Addison Gardiner

texts:
<mask> (March 19, 1797 – June 5, 1883) was an American lawyer and politician who served as Lieutenant governor of New York from 1845 to 1847 and Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals from 1854 to 1855. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Rindge, New Hampshire on March 19, 1797, the son of William Gardner and Rebecca (Raymond) Gardner. The family eventually settled in Manlius, New York, where William Gardner became a successful businessman. Gardner's sons, including <mask>, later decided t restore the original spelling of their family name, <mask>. <mask> was educated at Manlius Academy, and received his degree from Union College in 1819. He was later admitted to the college's Philomathean Society as an honorary member. In 1851, <mask> received the honorary degree of LL.D.from the University of Rochester. After college, <mask> studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1822, and began practicing in Rochester, New York with Samuel L. Selden, who later became a judge of the New York Court of Appeals. Selden's brother Henry R. Selden later studied law with <mask> and Selden, then served as lieutenant governor and judge of the Court of Appeals. <mask> was the first Justice of the Peace ever elected in Rochester. D.A. and Circuit Judge
In 1827, <mask> was appointed District Attorney of Monroe County. From 1829 to 1838, he was Judge of the Eighth Circuit Court of New York, with jurisdiction over the counties of Allegany, Erie, Chautauqua, Monroe, Genesee and Niagara.The Anti-Masonic excitement, growing out of the disappearance of William Morgan, had now commenced, and perhaps the most important case that came before Judge <mask>, while on the bench of the circuit court, was that against Elihu Mather who was tried for conspiracy in the abduction of Morgan. After the acquittal of the

masks:
Addison Gardiner
Gardiner
Addison
Gardiner
Addison Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner


title: Addison Gardiner

texts:
 defendant, a motion for a new trial was made in the New York State Supreme Court. The case is to be found in the fourth volume of Wendell's reports, page 220. The head notes, giving the disposition of the various questions raised, occupy four pages. On many of the points it has ever been a leading case. All the rulings of the judge were sustained by the Supreme Court, and these, and other decisions, gave him the reputation of the model circuit judge. He resigned his judicial office in February 1838, and returned to the practice of law at Rochester.Lieutenant Governor and Court of Appeals
In November 1844, he was elected Lieutenant Governor of New York on the Democratic ticket, with Silas Wright for Governor. Many important questions came before the New York State Senate while he presided. It was the period of the anti-rent disturbances, and various preventive and remedial measures were discussed. The enlargement of the canals, and other questions concerning internal improvements, received attention. One of the most important bills provided for the call of a state convention for the formation of a new constitution. As President of the Senate, Lieutenant Governor <mask> was the presiding officer of the Court for the Correction of Errors, then the state's highest court of appeal, consisting of the president of the Senate, the senators, chancellor, and justices of the New York Supreme Court. Not many cases were carried to this tribunal, litigation usually ceasing with the decision of the Supreme Court or that of the chancellor, so that most of them were important in principle or amount.Those decided during his presidency can be found in Denio's reports. <mask> was reelected Lieutenant Governor in 1846, defeating Hamilton Fish, the Whig candidate, by a majority of 13,000 votes, although the

masks: Gardiner Gardiner


title: Addison Gardiner

texts:
 Whig's candidate for governor John Young was elected by a majority of more than 11,000 over the incumbent Governor Wright - then, the governor and the lieutenant governor, although running mates, were elected on separate ballots. <mask> had been nominated on a cross-endorsed ticket with Young by the Anti-Renters whose votes decided this election. <mask> was among the first judges elected on June 7, 1847, to the new New York Court of Appeals. On June 22, he drew the longest term (eight years and a half), and took office on July 5, according to the new State Constitution adopted in 1846. To fill the vacancy in the office of lieutenant governor, a special election was held at the annual State elections, and Fish was elected for the remainder of <mask>'s unexpired term. <mask> became Chief Judge in 1854, and held the office until the end of 1855 when his term expired.His opinions
Judge <mask>'s opinions are reported in Denio's, Comstock's, Selden's and the first three volumes of Reman's reports. Among them are the cases of:
 Miller v. Gable (2 Denio, 492), on charitable uses, holding that chancery, under its general jurisdiction over trusts, will interfere, on behalf of members of a religious corporation to which a fund has been granted, to prevent it from diverting the fund to promote the teaching of doctrines essentially variant from those designated, but not as to lesser shades of doctrine. Mayor of New York v. Baily (2 Denio, 433), holding that an action on the case for malfeasance will be against the corporation; if the city be empowered by statute to construct works, the state reserving the power to appoint commissioners to superintend the construction, the acceptance of the act by the city renders it liable for injuries arising for want of skill, or neglect, in building the works.

masks: Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner


title: Addison Gardiner

texts:
 reversing the judgment of the Supreme court. Kundolf v. Thalheimer (2 Kernan, 593), on the powers of county courts, reversing the judgment of the Supreme court. Later life
After his retirement from the Court of Appeals he continued to lend his aid in the administration of justice as a referee. For twenty years, he arbitrated many important causes. He died in Rochester and was buried at  Mount Hope Cemetery in Rochester. Family
In 1831 he married Mary Selkrigg.Their children were Charles A<mask> and Celeste M<mask>. His oldest brother, <mask>, (1787-ca. 1855), resided several years in Lowell, Massachusetts, then removed to Texas, where he died on his plantation near San Antonio. Another brother, Charles (1789–1860) was a merchant in New Orleans. His sister Rebecca (1791-ca. 1818), married Oren Stone, a merchant, and the partner of Governor Seymour's father, and lived at Watertown, New York. Another sister, Dorothy, married Thomas A. Gould, a lawyer of Pittsfield, Massachusetts, where she died in 1857.The youngest sister, Louisa, born about 1800, married Elijah Rhoades, of Manlius, a merchant and New York State Senator. Legacy
<mask> is the namesake of Gardiner, New York. Notes

Sources
Papers of Victory Birdseye The Chancellor Robert R Livingston Masonic Library of Grand Lodge
 Death notice, in NYT on June 6, 1883
The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 32, 348 and 356; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)

1797 births
1883 deaths
People from Rindge, New Hampshire
Union College (New York) alumni
Lieutenant Governors of New York (state)
Chief Judges of the New York Court of Appeals
Politicians from Rochester, New York
New York (state) Democrats
Lawyers from Rochester, New York
19th-century American judges
19th-century American lawyers
Burials at Mount Hope Cemetery

masks:
. Gardiner
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William Gardiner
Addison Gardiner


title: Ambroise Croizat

texts:
<mask> (28 January 1901 – 11 February 1951) was a French syndicalist and communist politician. As the minister of Labour and of Social security, he founded the French Social security system (or social safety net) and the retirement system, between 1945 and 1947. He was also the general secretary of the Fédération des travailleurs de la métallurgie CGT. Biography

Early life
His father, <mask>, was a blue-collar worker, and his mother, Louise Jeannette Piccino, was a weaver. <mask> started working in a plant at the age of 13, when his father was drafted in 1914. As a metalworker trainee, he also followed evening classes, and became a toolmaker near Lyon. Early politics
In 1917, Croizat joined the Young Socialist Movement, and then the Parti socialiste (French socialist party) in 1918.He began supporting the Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière (SFIO) in the Communist International. He participated in the great social movements of the metalworkers of the Lyon area. In 1920, he joined the Parti communiste, and became one of the leaders of Jeunesses communistes, a political youth organisation, from 1920 to 1928. In 1928, he was named secretary of the Fédération unitaire des métaux (French united federation of metalworkers). From 1929 – to his death in 1951 – he was a member of the central comity and of the bureau of the federated young communist movement. In 1936, he became general secretary of the Metalworkers' Federation, which then represented 20% of the total CGT members. During the 1936 French legislative election, he was elected in the second division of the 14th district of

masks:
Ambroise Croizat
Antoine Croizat
Ambroise


title: Ambroise Croizat

texts:
 overtime, and a change of statute for miners. Personal life
Croizat's first wife was Germaine Marie Girod (1902–1977). They divorced and, in 1939, he married Denise Mettetal (1912–1972), with whom he had two children (a daughter in March 1939, and a son in February 1940). Death
In 1951, Croizat died of lung cancer. The Communist Party organized his funeral, with visitation at the Metalworkers House (now called Maison des métallos) at the CGT siege; historian Michel Étiévent later estimated that a million people attended. He was buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery. Contributions
Nicknamed the "ministre des travailleurs" (Minister of the workers), <mask> Croizat is permanently associated with the major laws concerning Social security in France, notably the creation and administrative organisation of pension funds, and the special officials' treatment.He also launched projects concerning employee representatives committees, staff representative's statute, collective agreements, prevention and compensation for workplace accidents, and family benefits. Government functions

 Minister of Labour under "le gouvernement de Charles de Gaulle" (2) (21 November 1945 – 26 January 1946)
 Minister of Labour and Social security under "le gouvernement de Félix Gouin" (26 January – 24 June 1946)
 Minister of Labour and Social security under "le gouvernement de Georges Bidault" (1) (24 June −16 December 1946)
 Minister of Labour and Social security under "le gouvernement de Paul Ramadier" (1) (22 January – 4 May 1947)

Posterity

Multiple items have been named in Croizat's honor. Streets
 Grand boulevard


title: Ambroise Croizat

texts:
 with Ambroise <mask>'s and Pierre Laroque's portraits. A documentary movie on the History of Social security pays tribute to Ambroise Croizat: La Sociale, produced by Gilles Perret, released on 9 November 2016. References

Sources

Bibliography
 Michel Étiévent, Ambroise Croizat, ou l'invention sociale : suivi de lettres de prisons, 1939–1941, Gap, La Ravoire, 1999, 184 p.
 Michel Étiévent, Marcel Paul, Ambroise Croizat : chemins croisés d'innovation sociale, Éd. Gap, Challes-les-Eaux, 2008, 181 p. .
 Pierre Gastineau, " Ambroise Croizat ", in " Double mètre " : vie et mort d'un syndicaliste : Alfred Lemaire, 1901–1945, Publibook, Paris, 2005, p. 173-174 .
 " Ambroise Croizat ", in le Dictionnaire des parlementaires français (1889–1940), under the direction of Jean Jolly, PUF, 1960. Bernard Friot and Christine Jakse, "Une autre histoire de la Sécurité sociale: Un levier de pouvoir peu à peu confisqué aux salariés", Le Monde diplomatique, vol.62, n°41, décembre 2015, p. 3. Other releases
 Sécurité sociale en France
 Assurance maladie en France
 Fédération des travailleurs de la métallurgie CGT

External links

 Ambroise Croizat
 Ambroise Croizat, 60 ans après sa mort (23 December 2011)
 Ambroise Croizat, militant de la Sécu (5 Decembre 2012)
 Obsèques d'Ambroise Croizat sur le site Ciné Archives (vidéo muette de 1951)

1901 births
1951 deaths
Deaths from cancer in France
French Communist Party members
Members of the General Confederation of Labour (France)
French Ministers of Health
Deaths from lung cancer
People from Savoie
French Ministers of Labour and Social Affairs
People from


title: Zhang Dongsun

texts:
<mask> (; 1886–1973), also known as Chang Tung-sheng, was a Chinese philosopher, public intellectual and political figure. He was a professor of Philosophy and Sinology at Yenching University and Tsinghua University. Biography
<mask>, <mask> was born in 1886 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Travelling to Japan as an overseas student in his youth, <mask> studied the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, and attempted to reinterpret Confucianism along Kantian lines. He took part in famous debates about the relative merits of "science and metaphysics," allying himself with the then fashionable metaphysics of Henri Bergson. He was equally well-known, as an exponent of the philosophy of Bertrand Russell, whom he accompanied on a tour of China in 1920. A prominent exponent of Chinese liberalism, he became a powerful influence in the China National Socialist Party in its original incarnation as a non-Communist "third force" grouping opposed to the dictatorship of the Guomindang (Kuomintang or KMT) under Chiang Kai-shek.In addition to the Second World War era, <mask>, <mask> was a professor of Philosophy and Sinology at Tsinghua University in the 1930s and the 1940s. From 1935 to 1937, <mask> founded and presided the literary and philosophical monthly periodical Wenzhe yuekan (文哲月刊) in Tsinghua Campus (). <mask> veered towards acceptance of the inevitability of Communist victory and took government positions after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. However his earlier passionate devotion to intellectual freedom and searching critiques of Marxism made him an object of suspicion, obliging him to live in obscurity and in constant fear of persecution. After 1949, <mask> although still was a politician in PRC, but he didn't want to see that the Republic of Korea is

masks:
Zhang Dongsun
Zhang
Dongsun
Zhang
Zhang
Dongsun
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang Dongsun


title: Zhang Dongsun

texts:
 destroyed by North Korea and the Communist Party of China. On the contrary, <mask> had been supported the peaceful reunification of the Korean Peninsula. During the early years of the PRC, he served in the new government as a member of the Central governmental committee, as counsellor at the Culture and Education Committee of the State Council and in various other high-level positions, while maintaining his position as the acting President of Tsinghua University.However, In 1951-1952, he provided secret information to the US, which was fighting China directly in the Korean War, therefore losing his position and rights in the government and was expelled by the China Democratic League soon after. At the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, he was hospitalized in the Beijing Railroad Hospital due to his poor health, and was later imprisoned due to his information leak committed nearly 20 years ago. He died in 1973. Work
Although <mask> was intellectually silenced after the 1940s, he had been an extraordinarily active writer until that time. Many of his works from that period still survive, testifying to <mask>'s importance as one of the most penetrating and innovative Chinese thinkers of the 20th Century. His most important philosophical works include Science and Philosophy (), Outlook on Life (), Essays on Philosophy (), Psychoanalysis (), Moral Philosophy (), Philosophy (), Modern Ethics (), Critical Essays on Red Philosophy (), Modern Philosophy (), Value Philosophy (), Epistemology (), A new Formulation of Pluralistic Epistemology (), What is Philosophy (), Knowledge and Culture (), Thought and Society () and Rationality and Democracy (). Philosophy
Pluralistic epistemology represents the core of <mask>'s philosophical system.It is derived from a revised version

masks:
Zhang Dongsun
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang


title: Zhang Dongsun

texts:
 of Kantian philosophy. To justify such an epistemology, he proposed a new cosmology: panstructuralism (fanjiagouzhuyi 泛架構主義)
An important assumption of his theory of knowledge is the neo-realistic view that the external world exists independently of our consciousness, and that there is no exact correlation between external phenomena and our comprehension of them. However, the external cause for our sensation is not a substance, but the order or structure of the external world. What is transmitted to us through our sensory impressions is a modification of this external order. Similarly, the discovery of the Theory of Relativity was important only in terms of recognizing structural laws, and not in terms of recognising any new essences in nature or the cosmos. Plural epistemology advocates the view that sense impressions are non-being. Therefore, they are without a position in the ontological sense; they do not possess any 'ontological status'.All beings exist in a process of constant change that manifests itself in a never-ending modification of structural connections, and the growth and decline of the qualities of the "essence" of particular entities. According to <mask>, our consciousness can only recognize certain aspects of these manifest changes. However, this refers not only to the level of our perception and comprehension; according to <mask>, the structured order of relations is all that really exists in the cosmos. The relation between the external world and our subjectivity is interactive and correlative. Combining the Buddhist idea of non-substance with a theory of evolution, <mask> held that the structures of the universe, although empty, are in evolution, and new kinds of structure may emerge due to changes in the combination of various structures. His

masks: Zhang Zhang Zhang


title: Zhang Dongsun

texts:
 most valuable contributions are also to be found in his endeavours to elaborate the dialectical aspect of Aristotelian logic, to connect logic, language and methods of disputation, and to discover principles and formal elements of the logic of linguistic pragmatism. His investigations of the influence of Chinese language on the development of Chinese philosophy are a very influential and pioneering work.He was the first philosopher who exposed correlative thinking as a main characteristic of Chinese philosophy and analogical argument as a specific Chinese mode of inference. General References

Xinyan Jiang, "<mask>: Pluralist Epistemology and Chinese Philosophy" in Chung-Yin Cheng and Nicholas Bunnin, eds., Contemporary Chinese Philosophy, Oxford: Blackwell, 2002. Key-chong Yap, "<mask>sun"  in Antonio S. Cua, ed., Encyclopedia of Chinese Philosophy, London: Routledge, 2001. Rošker, Jana S., "The Abolishment of Substance and Ontology: a New Interpretation of <mask>'s Pluralistic Epistemology," in "Synthetis philosophica International Ed. ", 2009, Vol. 24, No 1, p. 153-165. Rošker, Jana S., "<mask>’s 張東蓀 (1886 - 1973) plural epistemology (duoyuan renshi lun多元認識論)," in Rošker, Jana S., "Searching for the Way – Theory of Knowledge in pre-Modern and Modern China,"  Hong Kong: Chinese University press, 2008

Republic of China philosophers
Republic of China journalists
1886 births
1973 deaths
Writers from Hangzhou
Republic of China politicians from Zhejiang
People's Republic of China politicians from Zhejiang
Yenching University faculty
Tsinghua University faculty
Toyo University alumni
University of Tokyo alumni
Victims of the Cultural Revolution
Republic of China essayists
Philosophers from Zhejiang
Politicians from Hangzhou
Chinese magazine editors
20th-century

masks:
Zhang Dongsun
Zhang Dong
Zhang Dongsun
Zhang Dongsun