title: Reynaldo Hahn

texts:
 published individually, and there were twelve other songs not part of a cycle or included in a published collection. Operas, opérettes and musical comedies
<mask> completed five operas, and left an incomplete one. The first, L'Île du rêve, an "idylle polynésienne" in three acts, has a libretto by André Alexandre and Georges Hartmann, adapted from Pierre Loti's semi-autobiographical 1880 novel Rarahu or Le Mariage de Loti set in Tahiti. It ran for seven performances in 1898, and was revived at Cannes in 1942, conducted by the composer, but was not seen again in Paris until 2016, when a production from the Théâtre de la Coupe d'Or, Rochefort was presented at the Théâtre de l'Athénée. Henri Büsser considered the work "charming … very musical";  it is through-composed and there are no set-piece numbers. <mask> makes use of leitmotifs, following the example of Massenet.La Carmélite (1902), a period piece set in the reign of Louix XIV, made little impact, although its conductor, Messager, who was musical director at Covent Garden as well as at the Opéra Comique, considered staging it in London;  the idea was not realised. Neither of <mask>'s next two operas – Nausicaa (1919, libretto by René Fauchois) and La Colombe de Bouddha (Buddha's Dove, 1921), a one-act work with words by André Alexandre – was written for Paris, and neither was staged there. The former was given at the Opéra de Monte-Carlo, and the latter at the Théâtre du Casino municipal de Cannes, where <mask> conducted frequently. Le Marchand de Venise (1935) was the most successful of <mask>'s serious operas. It was well received; Büsser wrote:

Other critics


title: Reynaldo Hahn

type: original

texts: noted the Mozartian lightness of the score, and <mask>'s view of Shakespeare's drama as a comedy rather than a tragedy. After the opera had its American premiere, the critic Herbert Kupferberg described it as "charming and dramatic", and called for a recording. The piece has been revived by the Opéra-Comique (1979) and at the Grand Théâtre Massenet, Saint-Étienne (2015).<mask> left an unfinished opera, Le Oui des jeunes filles (The Maidens' Consent), which Büsser completed; it was given by the Opéra-Comique company in June 1949. Ciboulette, <mask>'s first venture into opérette, was his most successful and enduring. In a study of opérette, James Harding writes that <mask>'s score, though in the tradition of earlier composers, specifically Lecocq, "rejuvenates the old technique with a singular brightness of melody and adroit combinations of voice and instrument". After the initial run in 1923, there were revivals in Paris in 1926, 1931 and 1935, and after <mask>'s death there were revivals at the Opéra-Comique in 1953, 2013 and 2014. When the work was first given in London, eighty years after the Paris premiere, the critic Michael Kennedy wrote, "I cannot imagine why it is not in the regular international repertoire, for in many respects it is the equal of Fledermaus and The Merry Widow … there is not a weak number in the piece". <mask> wrote two more opérettes, which were well received without rivalling the success of Ciboulette: Brummell (1931) and Malvina (1935). Next to Ciboulette, <mask>'s biggest box-office success was the "comédie musicale" Mozart, written with Sacha Guitry.Harding describes the piece as "a slim

masks: Hahn Hahn Hahn Hahn Hahn Hahn Hahn


title: Reynaldo Hahn

texts:
 tracery of eighteenth-century allusion gilded by Sacha's unerring wit". Printemps had a great success in the title role, but the piece was successfully revived later with other stars: 1951 with Jeanne Boitel, 1952 with Graziella Sciutti and 2009 and 2011 with Sophie Haudebourg. Further musical comedies followed: Le Temps d'aimer (1926), Ô mon bel inconnu (1933, with Guitry), and Beaucoup de bruit pour rien (Much Ado About Nothing, 1936), a "comédie musicale shakespearienne". Orchestral and concertante
Among the best known of <mask>'s orchestral works is the suite Le Bal de Béatrice d'Este (1905), for a small ensemble of wind instruments, harps, piano and percussion. Evoking a 15th-century Italian court entertainment it displays <mask>'s abilities as a pasticheur. Grove describes it as a divertissement, and a later work by <mask> is specifically so labelled, the Divertissement pour une fête de nuit, for wind instruments (including saxophone), piano, string quartet and orchestra (1931). <mask> wrote two concertos for soloist and conventional orchestral forces.The Violin Concerto (1928) is the larger-scale of the two. The opening movement, marked "Décidé", is richly scored, moving between strongly rhythmical and lyrical passages. The central movement, "Chant d'amour", subtitled "Souvenir de Tunis" evokes the heat and languor of North Africa. In 2002 a Gramophone reviewer wrote that it "hovers between dance and delirium". The finale opens gently, before accelerating into a lively concluding dance. Reviewing the first performance, Paul Bertrand wrote in Le Ménestrel, "This Concerto is, in fact, from a purely musical point

masks: Hahn Hahn Hahn Hahn


title: Reynaldo Hahn

texts:
 of view, a miracle of taste, of delicacy, and it is at the same time marvellously suited to highlighting all the qualities of the performer and to earning him the greatest success". The Piano Concerto (1931) is a lighter-weight piece; the second movement lasts less than three minutes.The concerto is described in The Penguin Guide to Recorded Classical Music as "a charming work" with an opening theme that has "an English flavour, easily lyrical" leading to variations "full of sharp, sparkling contrasts … although no deep emotions are touched this is a delightful piece". For the theatre, <mask> composed incidental music for more than 20 productions between 1890 and 1939, employing a variety of forces, from mezzo-soprano and children's chorus or soloists and two pianos to full orchestra. Playwrights ranged from Daudet and Hugo to Racine, and Miguel Zamacois. In 1934 he wrote scores for a film adaptation of La Dame aux Camélias and Léonce Perret's Sapho. As well as the 1912 Diaghilev ballet Le Dieu bleu, he supplied original ballet or other dance scores for five other theatrical productions between 1892 and 1939. Chamber and solo piano

<mask>, whose musical outlook was shaped in the 19th century, regarded Fauré as the last great composer, and musical analysts have noted the older composer's influence in several of <mask>'s chamber works. In the Piano Quintet (written in 1922 and published the following year) there are stylistic and thematic echoes of Fauré, particularly in the C-sharp minor slow movement, although in a 2001 analysis Francis Pott also notes the influence of Dvořák.In the Violin Sonata (1926) there are

masks: Hahn Hahn Hahn


title: Reynaldo Hahn

texts:
 further echoes of Faure's music in the opening movement ("imbued with Gallic restraint and supple expressivity" according to the commentator Jeremy Filsell), but <mask> departs from convention by making much of the last movement gentle and melancholic, rather than boisterous. The Piano Quartet (1946), a late work, is in three movements, and alternates serene passages and more turbulent sections. Like the Violin Sonata, it is a concise work, taking a little over 20 minutes in performance. Most of <mask>'s works for solo piano come from the first half of his career. Some are in conventional forms, including a set of ten waltzes (1896), a sonatine (1907), Thème varié sur le nom de Haydn (1910) and two études (1927, his only post-war piano works). The sonatine is a full-scale piano sonata but, like Ravel, <mask> was daunted by any possible comparison with Beethoven's late piano sonatas, and preferred the more modest title. Other solo piano works are in unusual forms, such as the Portraits de peintres (1894), written to be played between spoken verses, or Le Rossignol éperdu (The Distraught Nightingale), <mask>'s most extensive piano work, composed between 1902 and 1910 and published in 1913, consisting of 53 short pieces, grouped into four sections.<mask> wrote five works for piano four hands and four for two-piano duet. Recordings
During the composer's lifetime there were many recordings, especially of his most popular mélodies, which, according to Depaulis, almost all the great recital singers enjoyed performing. <mask> made numerous recordings, singing and accompanying himself not only in his own songs, but also

masks: Hahn Hahn Hahn Hahn Hahn Hahn


title: Reynaldo Hahn

texts: numbers by Mozart, Gounod, Chabrier, Massenet, Bizet and Offenbach. In the mid-20th-century, singers who made recordings of numerous <mask> songs included Jacques Jansen and Géori Boué. Since interest in <mask>'s works revived in the late 20th century recordings of a substantial part of his oeuvre have been released. In 2006 Depaulis listed recordings of <mask> mélodies by, among others, the sopranos Mady Mesplé and Felicity Lott, the mezzo-sopranos Susan Graham, Marie-Nicole Lemieux and Anne-Sofie von Otter, the tenors Martyn Hill and Ian Bostridge and the baritones Didier Henry and Stephen Varcoe. Since then issues have included a 2019 four-disc CD set from the Centre de musique romantique française, "Reynaldo <mask>: Complete Songs", comprising 107 songs, sung by Tassis Christoyannis, accompanied by Jeff Cohen.<mask>'s complete piano music for two players has been recorded by Kun-Woo Paik and Hüseyin Sermet. In the 21st century Earl Wild's complete set of Le Rossignol éperdu (2001), has been followed by further such sets from Cristina Ariagno (2011), Billy Eidi (2015) and Yoonjung Han (2019). In 2015 a four-disc CD set entitled "<mask>: Intégrale Piano Music", played by Alessandro Deljavan was released on the Aevea label. Of <mask>'s stage works, Ciboulette was recorded by EMI in 1983, with a cast headed by Mesplé in the title role, and José van Dam (Duparquet) and Nicolai Gedda (Antonin). The work was recorded again in 2013 at the Opéra-Comique, conducted by Laurence Equilbey; audio and video versions were published. In 2020 Hervé Niquet conducted the first recording of L'île du rêve, released on the Bru Zane


title: Elijah Wald

texts: <mask>  (born 1959) is an American folk blues guitarist and music historian. He is a 2002 Grammy Award winner for his liner notes to The Arhoolie Records 40th Anniversary Box: The Journey of Chris Strachwitz. <mask> was born in 1959 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His parents were <mask> (co-recipient of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine) and Ruth Hubbard, a biologist, with whom <mask> co-authored Exploding the Gene Myth. At age 18, <mask> departed for Europe to try to make a living as a folk-blues guitarist. For approximately the next 12 years, he traveled the world. He fronted a blues band in Seville, Spain, a swing trio in Antwerp, Belgium, and a rock band in Colombo, Sri Lanka, and studied with Congolese guitarist Jean-Bosco Mwenda.Returning to the United States, he played in "low dives and honky-tonks", and recorded two albums: the LP Songster, Fingerpicker, Shirtmaker on his and Bill Morrissey's short-lived label Reckless Records and the CD Street Corner Cowboys (Black Rose Records, 2000). He also arranged and played guitar on one track of Dave Van Ronk's album of Bertolt Brecht songs, and performed as a sideman with Eric Von Schmidt and for several years with the legendary black string band leader Howard Armstrong. For many years he wrote for the Boston Globe on "roots music" and "world music"; he also wrote on American and international music for various magazines. In 2000, he was one of many freelancers who left the Globe in a dispute over reprint rights. By the time he and the Globe parted ways, he was already becoming an increasingly established

masks:
Elijah Wald
Life Wald
George Wald
Elijah
Wald


title: Elijah Wald

texts:
 writer. He had been a major collaborator in the Smithsonian Institution's multimedia project River of Song, a survey of contemporary music along the Mississippi River, and had just finished Josh White: Society Blues, a biography of the folk-blues singer Josh White. Since 2000, he has written numerous books; several of them had CDs as companion pieces.His subject matter has included Mexican corridos and narcocorridos, hitchhiking, the blues musician Robert Johnson and, in How the Beatles Destroyed Rock 'n' Roll, American popular music for roughly the first three-quarters of the 20th century. He co-authored Dave Van Ronk's posthumously published memoir, The Mayor of MacDougal Street (the main inspiration for the Coen Brothers movie Inside Llewyn Davis), wrote the Grammy-winning liner notes for The Arhoolie Records 40th Anniversary Box: The Journey of Chris Strachwitz, made an instructional DVD for guitarists on the music of Joseph Spence (part of a series issued by Stefan Grossman), and has curated and/or written liner notes for numerous CD compilations and re-releases. After teaching on and off in the musicology department of the University of California Los Angeles for several years, he moved back to the Boston area and got a doctorate in ethnomusicology and sociolinguistics from Tufts University. He now lives in  Philadelphia with his wife, ceramic artist Sandrine Sheon. Confronting myths
A recurring theme in <mask>'s work is to identify and confront myths, especially but not exclusively those that have come to surround prominent figures in popular music. "Myths",


title: Elijah Wald

texts:
 <mask> remarked in 2002, "are marvelous things, the keys to understanding a culture. Indeed, his first book was a collaboration with his biologist mother entitled Exploding the Gene Myth, in which they wrote that "The myth of the all-powerful gene is based on flawed science that discounts the environment in which we and our genes exist.""There are no definitive histories," he would come to write in How the Beatles Destroyed Rock 'n' Roll (2009) "because the past keeps looking different as the present changes." Bibliography

Books
 Dylan Goes Electric! Newport, Seeger, Dylan, and the Night That Split the Sixties, 2015, . The Dozens: A History of Rap's Mama, Oxford University Press, 2012, . The Blues: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, 2010, . How the Beatles Destroyed Rock 'n' Roll: An Alternative History of American Popular Music, Oxford University Press, 2009, . Global Minstrels: Voices of World Music, Routledge, 2006, .Riding With Strangers: A Hitchhiker's Journey, Chicago Review Press, 2006, . Dave Van Ronk: The Mayor of MacDougal Street (with Van Ronk), Da Capo, 2005, . Escaping the Delta: Robert Johnson and the Invention of the Blues, Amistad, 2005, . Narcocorrido: A Journey into the Music of Drugs, Guns and Guerrillas, HarperCollins, 2002, , also published in Spanish as Narcocorrido: Un viaje dentro de la música de drogas, armas, y guerrilleros, Rayo, 2001, . Josh White: Society Blues, University of Massachusetts Press, 2000, . River of Song: A Musical Journey Down the Mississippi (co-authored with John Junkerman), St. Martin's Press, 1998, .


title: Elijah Wald

texts:
 Exploding the Gene Myth: How Genetic Information Is Produced and Manipulated by Scientists, Physicians, Employers, Insurance Companies, Educators, and Law Enforcers (with Ruth Hubbard), Beacon Press, 1993, 1997, 1999; 1999 edition .Discography
 Street Corner Cowboys (CD, Black Rose Records, 2000)
 Dominic Kakolobango, African Acoustic (CD, Africassette, 2001); producer, acoustic guitar, liner notes
 <mask>: Songster, Fingerpicker, Shirtmaker (LP, Reckless)

Liner notes, curatorship, etc. This is a very partial list. Segment about Dave Van Ronk begins at 00:06:00, including interview of <mask> by Megan Sukys, 00:07:30–00:26:30. Escaping the Delta, KUOW-FM, 2004-02-10. Interview of <mask> by Dave Beck about Robert Johnson, 00:01:30–00:20:00. A Hitchhiker's Guide to America, Talk of the Nation, NPR, 2006-07-06. Interview of <mask> by Neal Conan; page also includes an excerpt from <mask>'s Riding with Strangers: A Hitchhiker's Journey.Living people
1959 births
American people of Austrian-Jewish descent
Musicians from Cambridge, Massachusetts
Writers from Cambridge, Massachusetts
American music historians
American acoustic guitarists
American male guitarists
Grammy Award winners
Jewish American historians
American male non-fiction writers
Jewish American musicians
UCLA Herb Alpert School of Music faculty
American music journalists
Guitarists from Massachusetts
Record producers from Massachusetts
20th-century American guitarists
Historians from Massachusetts
20th-century American male musicians
Tufts University alumni
Historians from California
21st-century American

masks:
Elijah Wald
Wald
Wald
Wald
Wald


title: John Paulding

texts:
<mask> (October 16, 1758 – February 18, 1818) was an American militiaman from the state of New York during the American Revolution. In 1780, he was one of three men who captured Major <mask>, a British spy associated with the treason of Continental general and commandant of West Point Benedict Arnold. Andre was convicted and hanged. American Revolution
While visiting his future wife, Sarah Tidd, Paulding was captured by Tories, or Loyalists, led by his future brother-in-law. He was held in the notorious "Sugar House" prison in New York City in 1780, then occupied by  British forces. He escaped by jumping from a window. He went to the livery stable of a friend and acquired a German military Jäger or Hessian coat, green with red trim, associated with the British mercenaries, which he wore to evade notice.As part of an armed patrol in Westchester County, with fellow militiamen David Williams and Isaac Van Wart, Paulding seized British Major <mask>, who had left Benedict Arnold after discussing the latter's defection to the British and betrayal of the patriots. This site is now commemorated as Patriot's Park in Tarrytown, New York. André, seeing Paulding's Hessian coat, may have assumed him to be a member of the "cowboys," or pro-British marauders who raided the Neutral Ground for cattle and supplies. Searching André for valuables, they discovered documents of his secret communication with Benedict Arnold. The militiamen, all local yeomen farmers, refused André's attempt to bribe them, and delivered the officer to the Continental Army. Arnold's plans to surrender West Point to the British were revealed and foiled, and André was convicted and hanged as a spy. With George Washington's personal recommendation, the United States Congress awarded Paulding, Williams, and Van Wart the first military decoration of the United States, the silver medal known as

masks:
John Paulding
John André
John André


title: John Paulding

texts:
 son of <mask>. Paulding was a self-sufficient yeoman farmer and was described as a strong, sturdy man, standing more than six feet tall, unusual for the era. Paulding married three times in his life, and lost two wives to death. In total he had nineteen children by them. On April 21, 1781, he was married to Sarah Tidd (1767–1789) of Salem, New York. After Sarah's death on October 23, 1789, he remarried to Esther Ward (1768–1804) on November 18, 1790.Esther was the daughter of Caleb Ward and Mary (née Drake) Ward. Together, they were the parents of:

 Hiram <mask> (1797–1878), a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy, who served from the War of 1812 until after the Civil War

Esther died in 1804 and in 1806, he married for the third time to Hester Denike (d. 1855), the daughter of Isaac Denike of Peekskill. He died in 1818 at Staatsburg, Dutchess County, New York of natural causes. His last words were reported to be: "I die a true republican." He was buried in the cemetery of Old Saint Peter's Church in Van Cortlandtville, Cortlandt Manor. Descendants
<mask>'s descendants are numerous but perhaps the best-known of them is his son Hiram <mask> (b.1797 - d.1878), who served in the War of 1812 and fought in the Battle of Lake Champlain; he rose to become a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy and retired only after the end of the American Civil War. Relations
Among his extended family were cousins James Kirke <mask>, the U.S. Secretary of the Navy under President Martin Van Buren; <mask> Jr., who served as mayor of New York City, a U.S. Representative and the Adjutant General of New York; and <mask>, who married U.S. Representative William Irving (brother of author and diplomat Washington Irving).Legacy

Paulding's grave is marked by a large marble monument with the epitaph:

FIDELITY - On the morning of the 23rd of September 1780, accompanied by two

masks:
Joseph Paulding
Paulding
Paulding
Paulding
Paulding
William Paulding
Julia Paulding


title: John Paulding

texts:
 young farmers of the county of West Chester, he intercepted the British spy, André. Poor himself, he disdained to acquire wealth by the sacrifice of his country. Rejecting the temptation of great rewards, he conveyed his prisoner to the American camp and, by this noble act of self-denial, the treason of Arnold was detected; the designs of the enemy baffled; West Point and the American Army saved; and these United States, now by the grace of God Free and Independent, rescued from most imminent peril. In 1853, a monument was erected at the site of André's capture in Tarrytown. On the event's centenary in 1880, it was topped with the statue of a minuteman. Carved by the sculptor William Rudolf O'Donovan (1844–1920), the statue is reputedly in the likeness of Paulding himself. It is located in Patriot's Park, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.A street called Paulding Drive in Chappaqua, New York was named in his honor. According to Marcius D. Raymond, several villages and counties are named in his honor: Paulding County, Ohio; Paulding County, Georgia; Paulding, Michigan (site of the mysterious Paulding Light); Paulding, New Jersey; and Paulding, Mississippi. Additionally, the villages of Tarrytown (where there is  a <mask>ding Elementary School), Cold Spring and Elmsford, along with the cities of Peekskill and White Plains, all in New York, each have a street named for Paulding (as well as ones for Williams and Van Wart). The Fire Department of Sparkill, New York, maintains the John Paulding Engine Co., founded in 1901. References

External link

1758 births
1818 deaths
Continental Army soldiers
New York (state) militiamen in the American Revolution
People from Staatsburg, New York
Paulding County, Georgia
Paulding County, Ohio
People from Cortlandt Manor, New York
People of colonial New York
Burials in New York


title: Friedrich Wilhelm von Lindeiner-Wildau

texts:
<mask>-<mask>iner genannt <mask> (12 December 1880 – 22 May 1963) was a German Staff Officer of the Luftwaffe during World War II. He is best known today for having been the commandant of Stalag Luft III, which is famous for the 'great escape' which took place in 1944. Military career
<mask>iner genannt <mask> was born at Glatz (Kłodzko, Poland) in 1880. He entered the 3. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß as a second lieutenant on graduating from the Corps of Cadets on 15 March 1898. On 1 May 1902 he left the Prussian Army and the following day entered the Schutztruppe for German East Africa. Here, <mask> served as the Adjutant of <mask>, the Governor of German East Africa, from 20 June to 13 September 1905 and as the Headquarters Adjutant of the Schutztruppe for German East Africa from 7 September to 11 October 1906.Von Lindeiner was awarded the Pour le Mérite medal, the "Blue Max", and the Prussian Order of the Crown for his role in helping to put down  the Maji Maji Rebellion against the German colonalists. He left Schutztruppe service on 31 July 1908 and rejoined the Prussian Army on 1 August 1908 with a simultaneous promotion to Oberleutnant and was assigned to the 4. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß. On 20 July 1912, on promotion to captain, <mask>-Wildau was assigned as the Commander of the 11th company of 1. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß. World War I
On 10 August 1914, he was assigned as the Commander of the Infanterie-Stabswache ("Infantry Staff Guard") at the Kaiser's General Field Headquarters. On 19 September he returned to his regiment as Commander of the 11th company, where he was wounded during the First Battle of Ypres on 17 November 1914.Returning to duty on 13 April 1915 he assumed command of the regiment's 5th company, and then of its second battalion on 27 May 1915. He was again wounded during the pursuit between the Bug River

masks: Wilhelm Franz Max Erdmann Gustav von Linde


title: Friedrich Wilhelm von Lindeiner-Wildau

texts:
 and Jasiolda on 29 August 1915. On returning to duty <mask>-Wildau assumed command of the Füsilier battalion of 1. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß and was again severely wounded on 5 December 1915 in fighting around Roye-Noyon. On 24 September 1914 <mask>-Wildau was assigned to Etappen-Inspektion 5 (Lines of Communication Inspectorate) and on 4 October 1916 he was assigned as the Personal Adjutant of Prince Joachim of Prussia. After his return to his Regiment on 30 October 1917 he became the Adjutant to the Governor of Riga-Dünamünde. Appointed as Adjutant to the Garde-Reserve-Korps on 23 April 1918 he was promoted to Major on 15 July 1918.His final wartime appointment was as Adjutant of the 4th Army, a post he assumed on 8 November 1918. World War II
Following the Armistice <mask>-Wildau was leader of the collecting point in Potsdam of the Volunteer Border Protection Unit East and Upper East (Grenzschutz Ost/Oberost) from 18 January 1919. He retired on 20 September 1919 with permission to wear the uniform of the 1. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß. He worked in several civilian posts, and married a Dutch baroness. He spent several years in business, and travelled extensively around Europe and the Americas. As he was based in the Netherlands, <mask> was able to watch the growth of Nazism from afar, and he had little time for it.When he and his wife moved to Germany in 1932, they refused to join the Nazi Party, despite the deleterious effect this had on his business and social connections. Von Lindener was a staunch supporter of Germany but held anti-Nazi views. Nevertheless, despite his manifest anti-Nazism, <mask> felt obliged to accept a position in the Luftwaffe in 1937 as one of Hermann Göring’s personal staff. He unsuccessfully tried to retire on the grounds of ill health, and his appointment to be the Kommandant of Stalag Luft III

masks:
von Lindeiner
von Lindeiner
von Lindeiner
von Lindeiner
von Lindeiner


title: Friedrich Wilhelm von Lindeiner-Wildau

texts: at Sagan (today Żagań in Poland) in the spring of 1942 during World War II therefore represented an opportunity to serve his country without directly serving the regime he so despised. He installed himself and his family at the Jeschkendorf Manor, some 3 miles west of Sagan. Deputy Commandant Major Gustav Simoleit described <mask> as an "honest, open-minded, liberal man [who] influenced and formed with his plans, ideas and orders the whole spirit in the relations between the prisoners and the German personnel". He was universally respected by both his staff and the POWs.There were rumours that German captives were being mistreated by the Allies, and there was an appetite for reprisal. One day, <mask> summoned Simoleit for a confidential discussion. Lindeiner said, "Major Simoleit, you know our last information about bad treatment and even killing of German soldiers in England. We have to face a grave situation. What have we do if Hitler wants more reprisals and sends us a strict order to shoot a number of our prisoners?" Simoleit answered immediately, "If I should receive such a dreadful order I would refuse to obey. I prefer in this case to be excuted myself for military insubordination and would not try to save my miserable life by obeying."Von Lindeiner shook Simoleit's hand, "We both know what we have to do." The Gestapo investigated the escape and, whilst this uncovered no significant new information, <mask> was removed and threatened with court martial. He feigned mental illness to avoid imprisonment. In February 1945, he was wounded by Russian troops advancing towards Berlin while acting as second in command of an infantry unit defending Sagan. He later surrendered to advancing British forces as the war ended. Von Lindener donated material and a stone for the memorial to the murdered fifty escapees down the

masks:
von Lindeiner
von Lindeiner
von Lindeiner


title: Friedrich Wilhelm von Lindeiner-Wildau

texts:
 road toward Żagań. Von Lindener was imprisoned for two years at the British prisoner of war camp known as the "London Cage".He testified during the British SIB investigation concerning the Stalag Luft III murders. Allied former prisoners at Stalag Luft III testified that he had followed the Geneva Conventions concerning the treatment of POWs and had won the respect of the senior prisoners. He was repatriated in 1947. He died in 1963 at the age of 82, less than two months before the film The Great Escape was released. Awards

<mask> Lindeiner-Wildau received the Prussian Order of the Crown 4th Class with Swords for the brutal fighting in the German East Africa campaign of 1905–07. He was also awarded the Colonial Medal with that bar. During World War I he was also awarded the Saxe-Ernestine House Order – Knight 1st Class with Swords (1 May 1918) as Hauptmann and 1st Adjutant of the Government of Riga and the Mouth of the Düna, and the House Order of Hohenzollern Honor Cross 3b with Swords on 5 February 1915.He was also awarded the Iron Cross First and Second Class. Legacy
Von Lindener was the basis for the character "Colonel <mask>" in the film The Great Escape, played by actor Hannes Messemer. He has been portrayed by Manfred Andrae in the made-for-TV film The Great Escape II: The Untold Story (1988). He is depicted as being executed by firing squad for his failure to prevent the breakout. References

External links
 Kozak-Holland, Mark Project Lessons from the Great Escape (Stalag Luft III) Multi-Media Publications Inc (2007) Google Books

1880 births
1963 deaths
People from Kłodzko
People from the Province of Silesia
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
Luftwaffe personnel of World War II
Prussian Army personnel
Colonial people of German East Africa
German prisoners of war in World War II held by the

masks:
Friedrich von
von Luger


title: Jean-Nicolas Corvisart

texts:
Jean-<mask>ts (15 February 1755 – 18 September 1821) was a French physician. Born in the village of Dricourt (now in Ardennes), <mask> studied from 1777 at the Ecole de Médecine in Paris, later qualifying as docteur régent of the Faculté de Paris (1782). In 1797, <mask> began to teach at the Collège de France, where he gained a reputation as an expert in cardiology. Among his students were René Laennec, Guillaume Dupuytren, Xavier Bichat and Pierre Bretonneau. <mask> resurrected percussion during the French Revolution after it had fallen out of fashion. He emphasized the study of symptoms and examined postmortem evidence as well. In 1808 <mask>'s translation of Leopold von Auenbrugg's Inventum Novum from Latin into French was published.<mask> was especially fond of Auenbrugg's use of chest percussion as a diagnostic tool, and began to perfect the technique. In the meantime, <mask> had become since 1804 the primary physician of Napoléon Bonaparte, who he would continue to attend to until Bonaparte's exile to St. Helena Island, October 1815. In 1820 he was made a member of Académie Nationale de Médecine. He died the following year at Courbevoie. Early life and education
Jean-<mask> was born on February 15, 1755, in the French village of Dricourt, Ardennes. His father, <mask>, was an attorney for the Parliament of Paris. He moved to Dricourt when the Parliament dissolved, but returned to Paris after the birth of his son, who he destined to be a fellow lawyer.At the age of 12, at his fathers wish, Jean-Nicolas Corvisart entered the prestigious college of Sainte-Barbe. A mediocre student, Corvisart spent most of his time playing outdoor sports, giving no indication of the bright future his father dreamt. However, one day, after listening to anatomy professor, Antoine Petit, and visiting medical clinics in Paris, Corvisart became fascinated in medicine. He convinced his father and quit pursuing law to

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Nicolas Corvisart Desmare
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title: Jean-Nicolas Corvisart

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 pursue a medical profession. <mask> immediately obtained a position at the Hotel-Dieu as a male nurse. He later attended medical school at the Faculte de Medicine, where he was an outstanding student, known for his work ethic, observation skills, and independent spirit. To his peers, Corvisart was known to be stocky in stature, vigorous in manner, outspoken, honest, generous to the poor, and not afraid to defy tradition.<mask> had the option of choosing between medicine and surgery, and decided he preferred and was more attracted towards medicine. While in medical school, <mask> studied and closely followed the likes of Debois de Rochefort, Busquet Halle, Pelletan Roger, Vicq d'Azyr and was a favorite pupil of Antoine Petit and Pierre-Joseph Desault. Even as the youngest member of his class, <mask> was at the top of his class. He presented his inaugural thesis on September 2, 1782, and graduated from medical school that same year. Early practice and lecturing
Unfortunately, his defiance to tradition ultimately led to his failure in finding work after graduation. He had applied to the Hosipital of Paroisses, which was founded by Madam Necker, but was denied of working there as a physician by Necker because he refused to wear the powdered wig required for the position. Thus, <mask> started his practice as a doctor in the poor neighborhoods of Saint Sulpice in Paris.<mask> soon became distinguished for not only his skills as a clinician, but also for his personality. He slowly became more and more well known, climbing up the ranks, and eventually, in 1783, was appointed to teach physiology, surgery, and obstetrics to medical school. Eventually, in 1786, he became the professor of clinical pathology. <mask> also worked closely with Debois de Rochfort at the Charite Hospital in Paris. Upon Rochfort's death, <mask> succeeded Rochfort and worked as a physician at the hospital. Once again, <mask> excelled

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title: Jean-Nicolas Corvisart

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 and his reputation spread across the hospital and the city. By 1795, <mask> was elected to be the Chair of Clinical Medicine of what was a newly formed medical school at the Charite Hospital in Paris and took over the clinical teaching.Corvisart innovated new methods in treating patients, focusing not on researching diseases in cadavers, but on recognizing particular diseases based on signs and symptoms given off by the patient. Consequently, this new method was taught to the entire hospital, thus adopting a new method of treating patients that is still used today. Patients were divided into different categories of diseases, and an assistant would have daily observations of the patient, and present the observation and heath status of the patient to the respective physician. Physician of Napoleon
In 1799, <mask> and fellow French physician Paul Joseph Barthez were appointed by the French government as 'physicians of the Government'. In 1801, one of <mask>'s first patients, Barras, invited Corvisart to a reception, where he was introduced to General Napoleon Bonaparte and his wife Josephine. Napoleon was said to be a 'difficult' person to treat in the clinical setting, as he demanded a full explanation for each aspect of the ailments he experienced. Napoleon often refused to take prescribed medicine and was skeptical as to the practice and application of medical treatment, save that suggested by <mask>, who he deemed as both competent and reliable.In August 1803, Napoleon sent for <mask> due to chest pain and a sudden cough. Napoleon had been characterized as reluctant to access his physicians, including <mask> at first. <mask> quickly diagnosed Napoleon with a pulmonary congestion, which he did not disclose to the emperor out of regard for his well-being. Instead, he treated the condition with a vesicant, which proved to be effective in countering the pain and congestion. In retrospect of the

masks: Corvisart Corvisart Corvisart Corvisart Corvisart Corvisart Corvisart


title: Jean-Nicolas Corvisart

texts: successful and tactful treatment, Napoleon was quoted as saying, "I saw that Corvisart understood my system, and that he was the doctor who suited me, so I attached him to myself". <mask>'s treatment of Napoleon included a strict regimen of hygiene. Corvisart instructed Napoleon to take a hot bath daily, which Napoleon adhered to.By 1806, <mask> published his manuscript entitled Essai sur les maladies et les lésions organiques du cæur et des gros vaisseaux, which many consider to be the first writings of modern cardiology. By this time, <mask> had become one of the most reputable and cleverest physician of his day, working as head of the greatest hospital in Paris. His reputation impressed Napoleon so much, he hired <mask> to be his personal physician. Thus, when Barthez died in 1806, <mask> was given the title of 'chief physician' and attended to Napoleon and his family, consisting of the Empress as well as the Imperial House and court. Napoleon was also said to have suffered from breathing difficulties and respiratory issues, which Corvisart treated to the best of his abilities. Napoleon was also said to have contracted a violent case of the scabies, which Corvisart was able to effectively treat with a concoction of ointments and salves containing olive oil, alcohol, and 'powdered cevilla'. Upon <mask>'s death, a marked difference was noted in efficacy of care and treatment style among the doctors who assumed <mask>'s post.Corvisart also treated Empress Joséphine de Beauharnais, attempting to cure her sterility. When this treatment failed and Napoleon divorced Empress Josephine, Corvisart alienated Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma with his brash and frank mannerisms, leading to his disaffection from Napoleon. As such, Corvisart and Napoleon's relationship is said to have spanned from 1804 to 1815. Corvisart acted as more than just an appointed physician to Napoleon. Corvisart also acted as a


title: Jean-Nicolas Corvisart

texts: liaison between Napoleon and Edward Jenner in releasing English prisoners of war in June 1806. The prisoners, Mr. William Thomas Williams and Dr. Wickham, were friends of Jenner, and Jenner held esteem for them as educated men. In this capacity Corvisart was given a copy of the letter Jenner had written to Napoleon, entreating his release of the British prisoners in July 1806.<mask> addressed Mr. Williams and relayed Napoleon's decision—that he and Dr. Wickham were to be allowed to return to their native England, as Napoleon could not refuse a request from Dr. Jenner. <mask> was remarked to be "exceedingly punctual in making all Jenner's requests known to His Majesty". Jenner also entreated the release of prisoners named Mr. Gold and Mr. Garland, and again went through <mask> to ask the favor of Napoleon. However, due to a 'subordinate' official, the release command from Napoleon and passed through Corvisart that would have freed Mr. Gold was lost, leading to an additional three years of imprisonment from 1809 to 1812, at which point the release order was recovered. In return for the liberation of Jenner's companions, <mask> asked for Jenner's assistance in freeing a French officer, Captain Husson, who was captured after a tactical defeat. Jenner was unable to influence the English government into releasing Husson, to <mask>'s dismay. Additionally, <mask> was said to have feuded with Antoine Portal over treatment of Napoleon.As Portal became more influential in the French medical scene, he attracted the attention of <mask>, who would not permit him to engage with the Imperial family, out of a deep dislike. In December 1808, Napoleon granted <mask> the title of 'Baron' in recognition of his services and dillegence as Napoleon's physician. Napoleon also awarded <mask> with the title of 'Officer of the Legion of Honour', leading to <mask>'s admittance into the Academy of Sciences in 1811. Final years

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title: Jean-Nicolas Corvisart

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 and death
At age 60, <mask> retired. He was made a member of Académie Nationale de Médecine in 1820. He died on September 15, 1821 after a third attack of apoplexy, which caused a hemiplegia, 4 months after Napoleon died. Legacy
<mask> contributed heavily to the field of pathological anatomy, by advocating for the understanding that the uniqueness of each body and its organs affect the nature of disease.Within this time period, medical practitioners commonly believed the natural state of the human body was consistent health, unless faced with an unknown catalyst. It was thought that the body naturally should be in a healthy state and that an unhealthy body was a result of either an imbalance or a pathogenic cause. <mask>'s belief in individual variation challenged this assumption. He postulated that the reason for disease was due to the body's individuality, rather than its generalized consistency. The irregularity or variability of the body was at fault for pathogenic infection. Instead, the natural body was too weak to heal against threatening disease. The individual's susceptibility to pathogen was "an outcome of heredity and prenatal development", and uncontrollable by regimented living.While his attention to patient-specific diagnosis was already a part of Paris medicine, <mask>'s approach accepted varied clusters of symptoms for any disease, rather than a set checklist determining how the disease must manifest. Furthermore, <mask> championed the view that disease was "organic", which means that disease causes a constitutional change to organs. A disease could be asymptomatic, but the presence of structural change indicated illness regardless of whether the patient manifested symptoms or not. This medical understanding was supplemented by "lesions" found in the organs of asymptomatic corpses during anatomical dissection. Either acute or chronic illnesses were caused by the body's

masks: Corvisart Corvisart Corvisart Corvisart Corvisart


title: Jean-Nicolas Corvisart

texts: constitutional make-up and its weakened ability to fight against the specific disease. In essence, disease was caused by an organ's weakness. Corvisart attention to pathological anatomy and belief in organic disease shifted the focus of medicine away from observation of the patient and the patient's symptoms.Autopsy became a strong force in Paris medical know-how. Physical examination began to take precedence, although internal examinations were impossible. Although the aforementioned lesions were common in most corpses, <mask> and his contemporaries shifted medicine towards the clinical and physical ways that disease affects the body and away from the patient narrative. This change also represented a segue from therapeutic medicine to diagnostic medicine, which banked on the premise that a cure would always be present for whatever diagnosis was available. As one of his publications, <mask>'s translation of Leopold Auenbrugger's Inventum novum in 1808 further expanded the field of auscultation through providing a text for physicians to learn how to percuss patients' chests for diagnostic purposes. His commentary on Auenbrugger's original text extended its length four times. This method of percussion had a resurgence under <mask>'s translation and became an intrinsic aspect of clinical medicine.In particular, <mask> attentively focused on the heart and lungs as sources of lesions. His studies with these lesions led to him percussing the chest of his patients to find such wounds inside the body, studying the "organic diseases of the heart". <mask> is also linked to Reneé Laennec, the physician who invented the stethoscope for auscultation several years later. Laennec learned of percussion from <mask>'s translation of Auenbrugger's book. <mask>, Laennec and others also headed the so-called "Paris school" that developed new methods of medicine in the twenty hospitals of Paris. By establishing a


title: Jean-Nicolas Corvisart

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 monetary clinical teaching school at Hôpital de la Charité, <mask> and his peers codified a current institution of medical training. <mask>'s original work consists of Essai sur les maladies du cœur (1806), and has many other commentaries on other medical tracts.In addition to his medical contributions, <mask> was featured on a French Red Cross Fund stamp on December 12, 1964. The stamp depicts a picture of the heart and blood flow, which <mask> is acknowledged for examining. It also has the name of his book, Essai sur les maladies du cœur published in 1806. This dedicatory stamp exhibits <mask>'s lasting contributions in Paris medicine and medicine internationally. He has been called "the true promoter of clinical medicine in France" for diverting the focus of observational diagnosis to the physical examination. Selected writings
 Cours élémentaire de matière médicale: suivi d'un précis de l'art de formuler, Volume 1 (with Louis Desbois de Rochefort) 1793 - Basic course of materia medica. Essai sur les maladies et les lésions organiques du cœur et des gros vaisseaux, 1806 (with C. E. Horeau), translated into English by Jacob Gates as " An essay on the organic diseases and lesions of the heart and great vessels" (1812).Nouvelle methode pour reconnaitre les maladies internes de la poitrine par la percussion de cette cavité, 1808 - New method to recognize diseases of the internal chest by percussion of the cavity, (French translation of Leopold Auenbrugger's Latin book on medical percussion). See also
 History of medicine in France

Notes

References

External links
 Journal List >Heart >v.78(1); Jul 1997 >PMC484851 Jean Nicolas <mask> (1755–1821). M. K. Davies and A. Hollman
Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850/C

1755 births
1821 deaths
People from Ardennes (department)
First French Empire
19th-century French physicians
18th-century French

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title: Sharon Hay-Webster

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<mask> (born 29 September 1961) is a Jamaican politician. She was a member of the House of Representatives of the Parliament of Jamaica from 1997 to 2012, representing the People's National Party. She came to international attention after the 2004 Haitian coup d'état, when she escorted Jean-Bertrand Aristide from his temporary exile in the Central African Republic to Jamaica at the invitation of then-Prime Minister of Jamaica P. J. Patterson. Hay-Webster's third term in parliament was marred by a controversy over her citizenship of the United States, leading her to announce in 2009 that she would renounce U.S. citizenship. However, in 2011 it came to light through the WikiLeaks United States diplomatic cables leak that she had withdrawn her application for renunciation, meaning she remained a U.S. citizen. As the ongoing controversy heated up, Hay-Webster resigned from the PNP, and her former party called for her to step down from her parliamentary seat as well. Her resignation from the PNP made her only the third independent politician in 19 years to sit in parliament.Hay-Webster joined the Jamaica Labour Party in November 2011 before losing her seat in parliament in the 2011 Jamaican general election. Entry into politics
Prior to entering politics. Hay-Webster was a lecturer at the University of Technology, Jamaica. She had also worked as an employee of the Social Development Commission, then part of the Ministry of Youth and Community Development. The man who would become her husband initially opposed her ambition to become a politician. She first ran for election in 1997 under the PNP banner, easily beating Jamaica Labour Party candidate Tom Tavares-Finson to win the race in the South Central St. Catherine constituency, succeeding PNP incumbent Heather Robinson. The seat itself was a long-time PNP stronghold, having previously been held by Ripton MacPherson and then Derrick Heaven.She was returned to her seat in the 2002 elections, part of a widespread PNP victory which saw


title: Jan-Michael Vincent

texts:
<mask> (July 15, 1944 – February 10, 2019) was an American actor known for portraying helicopter pilot Stringfellow Hawke in the TV series Airwolf (1984–1987) and the protagonist, Matt Johnson, in the 1978 film Big Wednesday. He also starred as Byron Henry in The Winds of War. Early life
<mask> was born in Denver, Colorado, where his father was stationed after enlisting in the United States Army in 1941. His father, <mask> (September 7, 1919 – August 30, 2000), was born in Tulare, California, and raised in nearby Hanford in the San Joaquin Valley. His mother, Doris Jane (née Pace; August 2, 1925 – February 22, 1993), was born in Arkansas and moved to Hanford as a toddler. Jan's grandfather, <mask> (September 26, 1876 – January 14, 1974), was a bank robber and counterfeiter who had masterminded robberies in the 1920s and 1930s. Jan's uncle, Lloyd's brother Hoy, was shot to death in Tulare by a sheriff's deputy and was wanted for a robbery that occurred in Oregon.Two of <mask>'s other uncles, Clifford and Harold, were convicted of bank robbery in Hardwick, California and Strathmore, California in 1931. In 1932, Herbert and his son, Gordon, were arrested in Hanford in January for bank robbery and assault with a deadly weapon, which left Lloyd alone at age twelve. <mask> and Doris met in 1940 when she was in her early teens and Lloyd had finished high school. Lloyd was stationed in Denver in 1941 as a B-25 bomber pilot during World War II, and he married Doris there when she was sixteen. Jan's mistrust of authority came from later seeing his father in the Army being told what to do and when to do it. <mask>'s sister, Jaqueline "Jacquie" <mask>, was born in 1947. His brother, Christopher, was born in 1952.After the war, Lloyd became a painter, like Jan's grandfather, and later developed alcoholism. By the

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Herbert Vincent
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title: Jan-Michael Vincent

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 time Jan was born in 1944, his parents owned a sign company in Hanford. <mask> attended elementary and high school in Hanford where he graduated in 1963 from Hanford High School. He attended Ventura College for three years and said "I would have completed college, but the registration clerk literally shut the window in my face for the lunch hour", and <mask> instead took his $200 and went to Mexico to party. Years later, <mask> found himself in the same rigid system his father was in. He served in the California Army National Guard, and remained in the National Guard Reserve until 1971. Career
<mask> gained his first acting job in 1967 in The Bandits, starring and co-directed by Robert Conrad.Also in 1967, <mask> appeared in the TV movie The Hardy Boys: The Mystery of the Chinese Junk. In the late 1960s, <mask> was signed to Universal Studios and appeared in several television series. He made an appearance in the Dragnet 1968 episode "The Grenade", as a muscular high school student who suffered an acid attack by a mentally unstable classmate (played by Mickey Sholdar). <mask> also appeared in the Danger Island segments of Hanna-Barbera's The Banana Splits series as Link (1968–1969). His first starring role was in the fall of 1969 in the prime-time soap opera The Survivors, alongside Lana Turner and George Hamilton; the series was canceled mid-season. <mask> also acted in several movies in the late 1960s, including the 1969 20th Century Fox movie The Undefeated (as Bubba Wilkes), starring John Wayne, Rock Hudson, and Antonio Aguilar. His name appeared as <mask> in the credits of the movie.<mask> guest-starred in three episodes of Lassie with actor Tony Dow and two episodes of Bonanza. In 1970, <mask> garnered critical praise for his role in the TV movie Tribes (also known as The Soldier Who Declared

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Vincent
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Vincent
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title: Jan-Michael Vincent

texts: Peace in Europe and the UK), co-starring Darren McGavin, about a tough Marine boot-camp drill instructor dealing with a hippie draftee (<mask>) who will not follow the rules. He gave a complex performance opposite Robert Mitchum in Going Home (1971). That same year, he appeared in the Gunsmoke episode "The Legend". In 1972, <mask> appeared with Charles Bronson in the crime film The Mechanic and a made-for-TV love story Sandcastles. In 1973, <mask> starred in the Disney comedy The World's Greatest Athlete, with Tim Conway and John Amos. <mask> played Richie, an alcoholic teen in the 1973 Marcus Welby, M.D.episode, "Catch a Ring That Isn't There". Also in 1973, he was in the made-for-TV-movie Deliver Us from Evil as Nick Fleming opposite George Kennedy. <mask> also starred as the anti-hero Buster Lane in the 1974 romance Buster and Billie, wherein he startled audiences with his full-frontal nudity. In Bite the Bullet (1975), he played opposite Gene Hackman, James Coburn, and Candice Bergen. He also starred in the trucker movie White Line Fever (1975); in Baby Blue Marine (1976), a war film directed by John D. Hancock, which also starred Glynnis O'Connor; and in Shadow of the Hawk (1976) co-starring Marilyn Hassett. <mask> also starred in Damnation Alley (1977), based on Roger Zelazny's science fiction novel. Two more notable 1978 appearances were the surfing film Big Wednesday with William Katt and Gary Busey, and Hooper with Burt Reynolds, in which <mask> played a young stuntman.In 1980, <mask> starred in the gang-themed drama Defiance, which received a limited release. In that film, he and Danny Aiello co-star as Manhattan residents who fight back against the gang members who terrorize their neighborhood. That year, <mask> appeared in The Return, a science-fiction film that was released directly to

masks: Vincent Vincent Vincent Vincent Vincent Vincent Vincent Vincent Vincent


title: Jan-Michael Vincent

texts: television and video. In 1981, he co-starred with Kim Basinger in Hard Country, and in 1983, he starred in the action film Last Plane Out. After the completion of his role as Byron Henry ("Briny") in the 1983 television miniseries The Winds of War, <mask> was cast as Stringfellow Hawke for the action–espionage series Airwolf, in which he co-starred with Ernest Borgnine. It is the role for which he is best known and remembered. It was noted at the time that <mask>'s salary for his work on Airwolf was $200,000 per episode, the highest of any actor in American television at the time.While filming Airwolf, <mask> admitted to having drug and alcohol problems for which he acknowledged seeking help. After Airwolf ended, he found roles in smaller budget and lower exposure film projects. <mask> worked with Traci Lords in the 1991 suspense film Raw Nerve. He also co-starred with Clint Howard in the 1996 black comedy/horror film Ice Cream Man, which had a very limited theatrical release but eventually reached cult status via home video as an unintentional comedy. In 1994, he played in a South African produced movie called Ipi Tombi, produced and directed by Tommie Meyer based on a musical by Bertha Egnos. While in the hospital in 1996, <mask> was committed to a role in Red Line with Chad McQueen as Keller. He appeared in the film with a swollen face and scars, and still wearing his hospital ID bracelet.In 1997, he had a small guest role on Nash Bridges, playing the title character's long-lost brother, and in 1998 he had a cameo role in the independent film Buffalo '66. His last role was in the independent film White Boy, also titled Menace (for the U.S. video version), released in March 2003. <mask> was referenced in the animated sitcom Rick and Morty in the season 2 episode titled "Interdimensional Cable 2:

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title: Jan-Michael Vincent

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 Tempting Fate", wherein the family watches a fake commercial for an action adventure sci-fi movie called "Jan Quadrant Vincent 16," starring fictionalized versions of Jan-Michael <mask>. Personal life
<mask> married Bonnie Portman in 1968, and they had a daughter, Amber Springbird <mask>, in 1972. The couple's divorce was finalized on January 2, 1977. <mask> remarried in 1986. His second wife, Joanne Robinson, left him and entered a restraining order against him in 1998, alleging that he had abused her during their marriage.He battled alcoholism and intravenous drug use for much of his life. In 1977, 1978, and 1979 he was arrested for possession of cocaine, and in 1984 and 1985 he was arrested after two bar brawls. He was charged with felony assault in 1986, but was acquitted after his attorney argued that the woman tripped and fell on a telephone cord in his home. <mask> then was arrested for drunk driving but avoided jail by entering rehab in 1988. In 2000, a $374,000 default judgment was made against him after his former girlfriend alleged he had physically assaulted her after their breakup and caused her to miscarry their child. During the 1990s, he was involved in three severe automobile collisions, which he barely survived. In an accident in August 1996, <mask> broke three vertebrae in his neck.He sustained a permanent injury to his vocal cords from an emergency medical procedure, leaving him with a permanently raspy voice. The first near-fatal accident occurred in February 1992, and the third happened in September 1997. <mask> was charged with drunk driving again after his 1996 accident, and once again sentenced to rehabilitation and placed on probation. In an interview on the television program The Insider on September 18, 2007, when asked about his 1996 car accident, <mask> answered "Y'know, I

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title: Jan-Michael Vincent

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 have no idea what you're talking about. I don't remember being in an accident." In 2000, <mask> violated probation for his prior alcohol-related arrests by appearing drunk in public three times and assaulting his fiancée. As a result, he was sentenced to 60 days in the Orange County Jail.<mask> was involved in yet another automobile accident in 2008. In an interview on October 24, 2014, with the National Enquirer, <mask> revealed that his right leg was amputated just below the knee in 2012 after he contracted a leg infection as a result of complications from peripheral artery disease. After that, he walked with a prosthetic limb, although he was sometimes forced to use a wheelchair. Death
<mask> died on February 10, 2019, at the age of 74 in Asheville, North Carolina, due to cardiac arrest while hospitalized at Mission Hospital. Bradycardia, a decreased heart rate, was listed as an underlying cause of death. His death was not publicly announced until March 8, when TMZ broke the news and showed a slightly redacted copy of <mask>'s death certificate. Filmography

Film

Television

References

Notes

  In 1971, a TV movie titled The Last of the Powerseekers aired on ABC.Universal Television re-edited two of The Survivors episodes into the TV movie. In 1980, a TV movie titled Dan August: Once Is Never Enough aired on ABC. This was a re-editing of episode 15 "Death Chain" with episode 25 "Prognosis: Homicide". Jan-<mask>: Edge of Greatness does not have page numbers. Use specific section of book for reference. Citations

Further reading

External links

 Whatever Happened To: Jan Michael <mask>

1944 births
2019 deaths
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
Male actors from California
American male film actors
American male television actors
American amputees
People from

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title: Malik Jackson (defensive lineman)

texts:
<mask> (born January 11, 1990) is an American football defensive tackle for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Tennessee. <mask> was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the fifth round of the 2012 NFL Draft, and has also played with the Jacksonville Jaguars and Philadelphia Eagles. Early years
<mask> attended Birmingham High School, where he played high school football. In 2007, <mask> was named to Super Prep All-Farwest, Prep Star All-West, and Cal-Hi Sports All-State first team. <mask> was named Los Angeles Daily News All-Area Co-Defensive MVP in high school. College career
<mask> attended the University of Southern California in 2008 and 2009.He transferred to the University of Tennessee in 2010 to play under head coach Derek Dooley. On November 6, 2010, against the Memphis Tigers, he had his first career collegiate interception, which he returned 44 yards, to go along with two sacks. In the 2010 season, he had 48 total tackles, 11 tackles-for-loss, five sacks, five passes defensed, one forced fumble, and one interception. <mask> was named to the AP All-SEC Second Team in recognition of his performance in the 2010 season. In the 2011 season, he recorded 56 total tackles, 11 tackles-for-loss, 2.5 sacks, two passes defensed, and one forced fumble. Professional career
On January 23, 2012, it was announced that <mask> would play in the 2012 Senior Bowl as a late addition. On January 28, 2012, <mask> played for Washington Redskins' head coach Mike Shanahan's South team that lost 23–13.<mask> attended the NFL Scouting Combine in Indianapolis, Indiana as a defensive tackle and performed all of the combine

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title: Malik Jackson (defensive lineman)

texts:
 drills. His overall performance was well received and he impressed scouts with a 4.91 in the 40-yard dash. On March 26, 2012, he attended Tennessee's pro day, along with Austin Johnson, Tauren Poole, and seven other teammates. <mask> opted to only perform positional drills for the 21 scouts and team representatives that attended. To prepare for the NFL, he put on 20 lbs since the end of the season and weighed in at 290 lbs at Tennessee's pro day. At the conclusion of the pre-draft process, <mask> was projected to be a sixth or seventh round pick by NFL draft experts and scouts. He was ranked the 18th best defensive end prospect in the draft by NFLDraftScout.com.Denver Broncos
The Denver Broncos selected <mask> in the fifth round (137th overall) of the 2012 NFL Draft. He was the 27th defensive linemen selected in 2012 and the second defensive linemen drafted by the Denver Broncos after Derek Wolfe (second round, 36th overall). 2012 season: Rookie year
On May 18, 2012, the Denver Broncos signed <mask> to a four-year, $2.31 million contract that includes a signing bonus of $213,612. Throughout his first training camp, <mask> competed against Robert Ayers, Derek Wolfe, Jeremy Beal, Ben Garland, Jamie Blatnick, and Jason Hunter for starting defensive end role. Head coach John Fox named him the backup right defensive end behind fellow rookie Derek Wolfe. On September 17, 2012, <mask> made his NFL debut during a 27–21 loss at the Atlanta Falcons. In the next game against the Houston Texans, he made his first career tackle on running back Arian Foster and stopped him for no gain during the third quarter of a 31–25 loss.<mask> finished his rookie year with

masks: Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson


title: Malik Jackson (defensive lineman)

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 five combined tackles (three solo) in 14 games and no starts. He was inactive, as a healthy scratch, and missed the season-opener and a matchup against the San Diego Chargers in Week 6. The Broncos finished atop the AFC West in  with a 13–3 record and received a playoff berth and a first round bye. On January 12, 2013, <mask> played in his first NFL playoff game as the Broncos lost to the Baltimore Ravens 38–35 in overtime during the AFC Divisional round. 2013 season
<mask> entered training camp in competing for the starting left defensive end position left vacant after Elvis Dumervil departed for the Baltimore Ravens in free agency. Head coach John Fox named <mask> the backup defensive end behind starters Derek Wolfe and Robert Ayers to start the regular season. On September 23, 2013, <mask> recorded one tackle assist and was credited with half a sack on Oakland Raiders' quarterback Terrelle Pryor during their 37–21 victory.During a Week 5 matchup at the Dallas Cowboys, he two combined and earned his first career solo sack on quarterback Tony Romo as the Broncos won 51–48. In the next game against the Jacksonville Jaguars, <mask> recorded a season-high seven combined tackles and made a season-high two sacks on  quarterback Chad Henne during a 35–19 victory. On December 1, 2013, <mask> earned his first NFL start and made two combined tackles and forced a fumble in a 35–28 road victory against the Kansas City Chiefs. He remained the starting defensive end for the remainder of the season after Derek Wolfe was unable to return after dealing with seizure like symptoms throughout the season. <mask> finished his second professional season with 42 combined


title: Malik Jackson (defensive lineman)

texts:
 tackles (30 solo), six sacks, four pass deflections, and a forced fumble in 16 games and five starts. The Broncos finished the season atop the AFC West with a 13–3 record. On January 12, 2014, <mask> made his first career postseason start and collected three solo tackles and a sack on San Diego Chargers' quarterback Philip Rivers in Denver's 24–17 victory in the AFC Divisional round.After defeating the New England Patriots, the Denver Broncos played the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLVIII. <mask> started the game at defensive end and made five combined tackles and a pass deflection as the Broncos were routed by Seattle 43–8. 2014 season
<mask> entered the season the backup right defensive end behind Derek Wolfe after the Denver Broncos signed free agent DeMarcus Ware who was named the starting left defensive end. On December 7, 2014, <mask> recorded a season-high six solo tackles and sacked Kyle Orton during a 24–17 victory over the Buffalo Bills. <mask> finished his third season with 42 combined tackles (33 solo), three sacks, four pass deflections, and a forced fumble in 16 games and three starts. After finishing the season 12-4 and atop the AFC West, the Broncos went on to the AFC Divisional Playoffs. <mask> started the game and recorded four combined tackles as the Broncos were defeated by the Indianapolis Colts 24–13.John Fox and General Manager John Elway mutually agreed the organization and Fox should part ways following the game. 2015 season
Throughout his first training camp under new head coach Gary Kubiak, <mask> competed against Antonio Smith and Vance Walker for the starting left defensive end role. Defensive Coordinator Wade Phillips


title: Malik Jackson (defensive lineman)

texts:
 employed a 3-4 defensive scheme that moved DeMarcus Ware to outside linebacker, vacating his defensive end position. He was named the starting defensive end to start the season, alongside Vance Walker, who was replacing Derek Wolfe, while he served a four-game suspension. During Week 5 against the Oakland Raiders, <mask> recorded six combined tackles and sacked quarterback Derek Carr during a 16-10 road victory. Three weeks later, he collected two combined tackles, deflected a pass, and recorded the first safety of his career in a 29–10 victory over the Green Bay Packers. He made the safety after tackling tight end Richard Rodgers II in the end zone during the fourth quarter.He finished the season with a career-high 45 combined tackles (34 solo), seven pass deflections, five sacks, and a safety in 16 games and starts. The Broncos finished the season atop the AFC West with a 12–4 record. After defeating the Pittsburgh Steelers and the New England Patriots, the Broncos went on to play in Super Bowl 50. In the first quarter, <mask> recovered a fumble in the end zone by Cam Newton that was forced by linebacker Von Miller. The touchdown gave the Broncos an early 10–0 lead and <mask> went on to record five combined tackles in the Broncos' 24–10 victory over the Carolina Panthers. Jacksonville Jaguars
On March 9, 2016, the Jacksonville Jaguars signed <mask> to a six-year, $85.5 million contract with $31.5 million guaranteed and a signing bonus of $10 million. 2016 season
Under head coach Gus Bradley, <mask> returned to a 4-3 defensive scheme and was named the starting defensive end to start the season.<mask> chose to wear No. 90 after he was unable to

masks: Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson


title: Malik Jackson (defensive lineman)

texts:
 receive No. 97 since it was already issued to Roy Miller. During Week 3 against the Baltimore Ravens, <mask> collected two combined tackles and recorded his first sack as a Jaguar on quarterback Joe Flacco in a 19–17 loss. The following week, he collected a season-high five combined tackles and deflected a pass during a 30–27 victory over the Indianapolis Colts. During a Week 12 matchup at the Buffalo Bills, <mask> made five combined tackles and sacked Tyrod Taylor twice in a 28–21 loss. On January 1, 2017, he recorded two solo tackles and made two sacks on Colts' quarterback Andrew Luck as the Jaguars lost 24–20.<mask> finished his first season with the Jaguars with 33 combined tackles (28 solo), 6.5 sacks, and four pass deflections in 16 games and starts. 2017 season
Offensive line coach Doug Marrone was hired as the new head coach and opted to maintain defensive coordinator Todd Wash and their 4-3 defense. Marrone chose to switch <mask> from defensive end to defensive tackle to start the 2017 season. He joined a stout defensive line that consisted of Yannick Ngakoue, Dante Fowler, Marcell Dareus, and was headed by Calais Campbell. They adopted the name "Sacksonville" and became one of the top defensive lines in the league. <mask> started in the season-opener at the Houston Texans and made three solo tackles, deflected a pass, and a sack during a 29-7 road victory. On December 19, 2017, <mask> was named to his first Pro Bowl.<mask> finished the 2017 season with three passes defensed, four forced fumbles, eight sacks, and 40 total tackles as the Jaguars finished with a 10–6 record and finished atop the AFC South. In the Wild Card Round against the


title: Malik Jackson (defensive lineman)

texts:
 Buffalo Bills, <mask> started the game and recorded a sack and tackle in the 10–3 victory. Pro Football Focus gave <mask> an overall grade of 86.4, which ranked 17th among all qualifying interior defensive linemen. 2018 season
When asked about his prediction for the Jaguars in 2018, <mask> stated that "I'm callin' it, 16-0. I don't think anybody can beat us as long as we stay healthy and do what we're supposed to do." During Week 4 against the New York Jets, <mask> made his first sack of the season when he sacked rookie quarterback Sam Darnold in the 31–12 win. Prior to the Week 11 matchup against the Pittsburgh Steelers, he was benched as a result of his poor quality of play.Without <mask> starting, the Jaguars lost to the Steelers by a score of 20–16. During Week 16 against the Miami Dolphins, <mask> made his first sack in almost three months when he sacked Ryan Tannehill in the 17-7 road victory. In the regular-season finale against the Houston Texans the following week, he made a season-high 1.5 sacks in the 20-3 road loss. Ultimately, <mask>'s lofty predictions for the 2018 Jaguars to have a 16–0 record fell short when they lost to the Tennessee Titans in Week 3 by a score of 9–6. The Jaguars eventually finished the season with a 5–11 record and very far from <mask>'s goal. On March 8, 2019, <mask> was released by the Jaguars due to salary cap issues. Philadelphia Eagles
On March 13, 2019, <mask> signed a three-year $30 million contract with the Philadelphia Eagles.During the season-opener against the Washington Redskins, <mask> suffered a foot injury. He was placed on injured reserve on September 10, 2019. On March 17, 2021, the Eagles released

masks: Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson


title: Malik Jackson (defensive lineman)

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 <mask>. Cleveland Browns
<mask> signed with the Cleveland Browns on March 23, 2021. NFL career statistics

Regular season

Postseason

Personal life
His twin brother, Marquis, was a defensive end at Texas Southern University and currently plays for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League. References

External links
 Jacksonville Jaguars bio
 Denver Broncos bio
 Tennessee Volunteers bio
 USC Trojans bio

1990 births
Living people
Players of American football from Los Angeles
American football defensive ends
American football defensive tackles
USC Trojans football players
Tennessee Volunteers football players
Denver Broncos players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Philadelphia Eagles players
Twin people from the United States
Twin sportspeople
American Conference Pro Bowl players
Birmingham High School alumni
Cleveland Browns

masks: Jackson Jackson


title: Camilo Castelo Branco

texts:
<mask>, 1st Viscount of Correia Botelho  (; 16 March 1825 – 1 June 1890), was a prolific Portuguese writer of the 19th century, having produced over 260 books (mainly novels, plays and essays). His writing is considered original in that it combines the dramatic and sentimental spirit of Romanticism with a highly personal combination of sarcasm, bitterness and dark humour. He is also celebrated for his peculiar wit and anecdotal character, as well as for his turbulent (and ultimately tragical) life. His writing, which is centred in the local and the picturesque and is in a general sense affiliated with the Romantic tradition, is often regarded in contrast to that of Eça de Queiroz – a cosmopolitan dandy and a fervorous proponent of Realism, who was <mask>'s literary contemporary in spite of being 20 years younger. In this tension between <mask> and Eça – often dubbed by critics the literary guerrilla – many have interpreted a synthesis of the two great tendencies present in the Portuguese literature of the 19th century. Allegations that he was initiated in Freemasonry in 1846, are somewhat contradictory as there are indications that, around the same time, during the Revolution of Maria da Fonte, he fought in favor of the Miguelists as "helper to the orders of the Scottish General Reinaldo MacDonell", who was active in the revived Order of Saint Michael of the Wing precisely to combat Masonry. Similarly, much of his literature demonstrates his ideals of legitimism and as a conservative and Catholic traditionalist.Biography
<mask> was born out of wedlock and orphaned in infancy, although his origins lay ultimately in Northern Portugal's provincial aristocracy (his father, Manuel Joaquim Botelho <mask> Branco, was the son of an illustrious household in the

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Camilo Castelo Branco
Camilo
Camilo
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Castelo


title: Camilo Castelo Branco

texts: environs of Vila Real, but lived in near-poverty due to the strict law of primogeniture which then largely excluded younger sons from inheritance). <mask> spent his early years in a village in Trás-os-Montes, where he was educated at home by three unmarried aunts. At the age of 13, he enrolled at the Catholic seminary of nearby Vila Real, where he was educated by Catholic priests. During his teenage years, he fell in love with the poetry of Luís de Camões and Manuel Maria Barbosa de Bocage, while Fernão Mendes Pinto gave him a lust for adventure. In spite of this interest in literature, and of his remarkable abilities in Greek and Latin, <mask> was a distracted student and grew up to be undisciplined and proud. From the age of 17 to his early 20s, he intermittently studied medicine and theology in Oporto and Coimbra and eventually chose to become a writer. After a spell of journalistic work in Oporto and Lisbon he proceeded to the episcopal seminary in Oporto in order to study for the priesthood.During this period <mask> wrote a number of religious works and translated the work of François-René de Chateaubriand. <mask> actually took minor holy orders, but his restless nature drew him away from the priesthood and he devoted himself to literature for the rest of his life. He was arrested twice; the first time for having unearthed the remains of his first wife (whom he had married at the age of 16, and who had died at 24) and the second due to his adulterous affair with Ana Plácido, who was married at the time. His first period of incarceration was short, apparently thanks to the intervention of Teixeira de Queiroz, an influential judge and, coincidentally, father of the renowned José Maria de Eça de Queiroz. During his second and longer incarceration he

masks: Camilo Camilo Camilo Camilo


title: Camilo Castelo Branco

texts:
 wrote what most consider to be his best and most characteristic work Amor de Perdição. Later this phase of his life would also inspire him to write his Memórias do Cárcere (literally "Memories of Prison"), in which he describes the meanders of the then miserable and overcrowded prison of Relação, at the centre of Oporto, intertwined with intimate ramblings of the imagination and biographical fragments. <mask> was made a viscount (Visconde de Correia Botelho) in 1885 in recognition of his contributions to literature, and when his health deteriorated and he could no longer write, parliament gave him a pension for life.In 1886, he wrote "Esboço de crítica: Otelo, o Mouro de Veneza". Going blind (because of syphilis) and suffering from chronic nervous disease, <mask> <mask> committed suicide with a revolver in 1890, while sitting in his now-famous wooden rocking chair. Works
<mask> <mask> <mask> is probably the most prolific of all Portuguese writers, his work including novels, plays, verse, and essays. In addition, <mask> was the first Portuguese writer able to support himself financially from his writing alone. In all, his publications number about five hundred and sixty, but he is best known for his novels. Even though <mask> churned out a lot of work to pay the bills, he never lost his individuality. His familiarity with personalities allowed him to enliven his writing with a succession of memorable characters and Portuguese types, such as the "brasileiro" (a returned Portuguese emigrant who had made his fortune in Brazil), the old "Fidalgo" (nobleman) of the north of Portugal, and the Minho priest.<mask>'s novels may be divided into three periods. The first period comprises his romances of the imagination, of which Os Mistérios de Lisboa, in the

masks: Camilo Castelo Branco Camilo Castelo Branco Camilo Camilo Camilo


title: Camilo Castelo Branco

texts:
 style of Eugène Sue, is a fair example. The second period includes his novels of manners, a style he developed and remained the chief exponent of until the appearance of O Crime de Padre Amaro by Eça de Queiroz. In these novels he combines realism and idealism, and perfectly captures the domestic and social life of Portugal in the early part of the 19th century. The third period embraces his writings in the realms of history, biography and literary criticism. Among these may be cited Noites de Lamego, Cousas leves e pesadas, Cavar em ruínas, Memórias do Bispo do Grão Pará and Boémia do Espírito. Among the most notable of his romances are O Romance de um Homem Rico, his favorite, Retrato de Ricardina, Amor de Perdição, the collection of novellas Novelas do Minho and A Brasileira de Prazins.Many of his novels are autobiographical, like Onde está a felicidade?, Memórias do Cárcere and Vingança. <mask> <mask> is an admirable story-teller, largely because he was a brilliant improvisatore, but he does not attempt character study. He has a richness of vocabulary probably unmatched in all Portuguese literature, often using obscure words. At the same time, few Portuguese authors have demonstrated so profound a knowledge of the vernacular tongue. Though nature had endowed <mask> with a poetic temperament, his verses are considered to be mediocre, while his best plays are cast in bold lines and contain powerfully dramatic situations, and his comedies are a triumph of the grotesque, with a mordant tone reminiscent of the work of Gil Vicente. Selected bibliography

 Anátema (1851)
 Os Mistérios de Lisboa (1854)
 A Filha do Arcediago (1854)
 Livro Negro de Padre Dinis (1855)
 A Neta do Arcediago (1856)
 Onde Está a Felicidade? (1856) (English title: Where Is

masks: Castelo Branco Camilo


title: Patrick Reed

texts:
<mask> (born August 5, 1990) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour and the European Tour. He has nine tournament victories on the PGA Tour, including one major championship, the 2018 Masters Tournament. He has also won two World Golf Championships, the 2014 WGC-Cadillac Championship and 2020 WGC-Mexico Championship. <mask> has represented the United States in Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup team competitions. Through his performances in the Ryder Cup, he has acquired the nickname "Captain America". Early life and amateur career
<mask> was born in 1990 in San Antonio, Texas. He graduated from University High School in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.While there, he won the 2006 Junior Open Championship and also qualified for the U.S. Amateur in 2007. <mask> led University High to state championships in 2006 and 2007, and also won the state medalist honors in 2007. He earned Rolex AJGA All-America honors in 2005, 2006, and 2007. <mask> started his college golf career in 2008 at the University of Georgia in Athens. While at Georgia, <mask> had an arrest for underage drinking and possessing a fake ID. He pleaded guilty to the misdemeanor and was put on probation, fined and sentenced to 60 hours of community service.After further issues that resulted in his dismissal from the team, he then left Georgia and enrolled at Augusta State University, where he majored in business. He helped lead Augusta State to NCAA Division I titles in 2010 and 2011. <mask> advanced to the semi-finals of the 2008 U.S. Amateur, where he lost 3&2 to eventual U.S. Amateur champion Danny Lee – the top-ranked amateur in the world. He won the 2010 Jones Cup Invitational. Professional career

2011
<mask> was 20 years old when he turned professional in 2011 after the NCAA Championship.In June, he played in his first PGA Tour event, the FedEx St. Jude Classic, where he

masks:
Patrick Nathaniel Reed
Reed
Reed
Reed
Reed
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Reed
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title: Patrick Reed

texts:
 missed the cut. <mask> played two more events in 2011, earning just over $20,000. He played two events on the Nationwide Tour and earned just over $5,000. 2012
<mask> played in 12 events on the PGA Tour on sponsors exemptions and through Monday qualifying (six times). He made seven cuts and earned over $300,000. His best finish was T-11 at the Frys.com Open. He finished T-22 at the PGA Tour Qualifying Tournament, after entering at the First Stage, to earn his PGA Tour card for 2013.2013
<mask> picked up his first top-10 finish at the 2013 AT&T Pebble Beach National Pro-Am. On August 18, <mask> became the 12th first-time PGA Tour winner of the year with his victory at the Wyndham Championship in a playoff against Jordan Spieth. His win at Sedgefield Country Club also marked his third consecutive top-10 finish. 2014
At the 2014 Humana Challenge, <mask> set the PGA Tour record for most strokes under par after 54 holes. His rounds of 63-63-63, were 27-under-par. The tournament's first three rounds are played on three different courses. The previous record was 25-under-par, set by Gay Brewer at the 1967 Pensacola Open and tied by Ernie Els at the 2003 Mercedes Championships, Pat Perez at the 2009 Bob Hope Classic (the previous name of the Humana event) and Steve Stricker at the 2010 John Deere Classic.All four other players won those tournaments. It was also the first time in PGA Tour history that a player opened a tournament with three rounds of 63 or better. <mask> won the tournament by two strokes over Ryan Palmer. On March 9, <mask> won the WGC-Cadillac Championship at Trump National Doral in Miami, Florida. He earned $1.53 million with the one-shot win over Bubba Watson and Jamie Donaldson. <mask> became only the fifth golfer to earn three PGA Tour wins before his 24th birthday since 1990, joining Tiger Woods, Phil Mickelson, Rory McIlroy and

masks: Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed


title: Patrick Reed

texts:
 Sergio García. Jordan Spieth subsequently achieved that feat.<mask> is the youngest winner of a WGC event, and the victory also moved him to 20th in the Official World Golf Ranking. <mask> was also the first PGA Tour golfer to have three wins before playing in his first major, the 2014 Masters. Also in 2014, <mask> finished 5th at the Volvo World Match Play Championship. 2015
On January 12, <mask> won his fourth PGA Tour title at the Hyundai Tournament of Champions by defeating Jimmy Walker in a sudden death playoff. He became just the fourth player in the last two decades to win four times on the PGA Tour before his 25th birthday, the other three were Tiger Woods, Rory McIlroy, and Sergio García. The win moved <mask> to a career-best OWGR ranking of 14th. Also, he finished second at the Valspar Championship, third at the Hero World Challenge, and seventh at the Honda Classic.<mask> also joined the European Tour for the 2015 season. 2016
On August 28, <mask> won the first FedEx Cup playoff event, The Barclays played at Bethpage Black. This was his fifth victory on the PGA Tour and first FedEx Cup event win. He went into the final round in the last grouping, one stroke behind the leader Rickie Fowler. He carded a final round of one-under-par to take a one stroke victory over Emiliano Grillo and Sean O'Hair. The win vaulted <mask> to the top of the FedEx Cup standings from 7th position ahead of Jason Day. He also automatically qualified for the Ryder Cup team with this victory.After the second FedEx Cup playoff event, the Deutsche Bank Championship, <mask> extended his lead to 556 points over Day, with a top-10 finish. He finished third in the final FedEx Cup standings behind Dustin Johnson and FedEx Cup champion Rory McIlroy. 2017
On the final day of the PGA Championship, <mask> had three birdies on the back to get to within a shot of the lead,

masks: Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed


title: Patrick Reed

texts:
 but bogeyed the 18th after finding a fairway bunker off the tee and tied for second, two strokes behind winner Justin Thomas. 2018

Masters champion
<mask> shot 69–66 to lead the 2018 Masters Tournament by two strokes after two rounds. He followed up that performance with two eagles on the back nine for a 67 on Saturday. Entering the final round, he led the Masters by three strokes over Rory McIlroy. On Sunday April 8, 2018, McIlroy faltered and <mask> fought off the final round comeback bids of Jordan Spieth and Rickie Fowler to win the green jacket, shooting 71 (−1) for a tournament total of 273 (−15).<mask> moved up to No. 11 in the world rankings and collected a paycheck of $1.98 million. 2018 Ryder Cup
In September 2018, <mask> qualified for the U.S. team participating in the 2018 Ryder Cup. Europe beat the U.S. team 17 1/2 points to 10 1/2 points at Le Golf National outside of Paris, France. <mask> finished 1–2–0. He lost two fourball matches with Tiger Woods but won his singles match against Tyrrell Hatton. After the event, <mask> was enveloped in controversy.Late on Sunday September 30, 2018, Karen Crouse of The New York Times published an article with quotes from <mask>. In the article, <mask> questioned Jordan Spieth and U.S. captain Jim Furyk about the breakup of the previously successful <mask> Ryder Cup pairing. <mask> was quoted as saying "The issue's obviously with Jordan not wanting to play with me . . . I don’t have any issue with Jordan. When it comes right down to it, I don't care if I like the person I'm paired with or if the person likes me as long as it works and it sets up the team for success." <mask> also described the Ryder Cup pairing decision-making process as "a buddy system" that ignores the input of all but a few select players.<mask> also made it clear to Crouse that he lobbied Furyk to keep playing with Spieth,

masks:
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Reed
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Reed Spieth
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title: Patrick Reed

texts:
 his "first choice." He expected it and was blindsided when he found out Spieth was playing with Justin Thomas. <mask> told Crouse "For somebody as successful in the Ryder Cup as I am, I don't think it's smart to sit me twice." <mask> implied that Tiger Woods was his "second choice". He told Crouse that after he and Woods lost their first match against Tommy Fleetwood and Francesco Molinari, Woods apologized to <mask> for letting him down. <mask> said he told Woods, "We win together as a team and we lose together as a team." <mask> told Crouse that "very day [in the team room], I saw 'Leave your egos at the door,'".Referring to the Europeans, he added, "They do that better than us." There has been concern expressed that <mask>'s public flaming of his teammates and captain will negatively impact on his ability to play on future Ryder Cup and President Cup teams. 2019
In August 2019, <mask> won the Northern Trust at Liberty National Golf Club near New York City. This was the first leg of the 2019 FedEx Cup Playoffs. 2020
In February 2020, <mask> won his second World Golf Championship when he won the WGC-Mexico Championship at the Club de Golf Chapultepec. <mask> shot a final round 4-under 67 to win by one shot over Bryson DeChambeau. 2021
In January, <mask> won the Farmers Insurance Open at Torrey Pines Golf Course in La Jolla, California.<mask> won by five strokes after a final round 4-under 68. In August, <mask> was admitted to hospital having been diagnosed with bilateral pneumonia which forced him to miss the first two FedEx Cup Playoff events. He returned to action in early September at the Tour Championship in the hope that by proving his fitness he might gain a captain's pick for the Ryder Cup; he finished the tournament in 25th place. When the 12-man USA team was announced by Steve Stricker the following week, <mask>, who had finished

masks: Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed


title: Patrick Reed

texts:
 11th in the points standings, was not selected. Controversies

Rules incidents and allegations of cheating
<mask> has been at the center of multiple rules incidents, dating back to his days in college golf at UGA and Augusta State, claims <mask> has vociferously denied. 2019 Hero World Challenge
Most notably, <mask> was heavily scrutinized for an infraction committed at the 2019 Hero World Challenge, where <mask>, then leading the tournament, twice moved sand behind his ball in a waste area, seemingly improving his lie, to which <mask> responded that he had not noticed the movement and cited his angle compared to that of the camera's for his lack of realization. <mask> ended up being penalized two strokes for improving his lie.He received heavy criticism for his actions and initial response, from players and commentators alike. 2021 Farmers Insurance Open
During the third round of the Farmers Insurance Open, <mask> obtained a free relief for an embedded ball in the rough on the tenth hole. As none of <mask>, his playing partners or the volunteers in the area had seen the ball bounce, <mask> had marked and picked up his ball to check the lie before a rules official arrived, and the official confirmed his entitlement to relief. Video showed that the ball had bounced once in the rough before coming to rest, leading some to question whether it could truly have been embedded. Despite the apparent controversy, tour officials later confirmed that <mask> had followed the correct procedure per the rules of golf. Personal life
<mask> married Justine Karain on December 21, 2012. She was his caddy for the qualifying rounds in La Quinta, California, where <mask> secured a PGA Tour card at Q-School, and during his first two years on tour.Since Justine's pregnancy and the birth of daughter Windsor-Wells, Kessler Karain—Justine's brother—has served as

masks: Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed


title: Patrick Reed

texts:
 <mask>'s caddy. <mask> has not spoken to his parents Bill and Jeannette <mask> or his younger sister Hannah since he married Justine in 2012. <mask> did not invite his parents or his sister to his wedding and only considers Justine's family close. <mask>'s family has continued to attend tournaments where he played, even after <mask> asked security to escort them out of the 2014 U.S. Open. Professional wins (9)

PGA Tour wins (9)

PGA Tour playoff record (2–2)

European Tour wins (3)

European Tour playoff record (0–1)

Major championships

Wins (1)

Results timeline
Results not in chronological order in 2020. CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place
NT = No tournament due to COVID-19 pandemic

Summary

Most consecutive cuts made – 8 (2019 U.S. Open – 2021 U.S. Open)
Longest streak of top-10s –  3 (2017 PGA – 2018 U.S. Open)

Results in The Players Championship

CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place
C = Canceled after the first round due to the COVID-19 pandemic

World Golf Championships

Wins (2)

Results timeline
Results not in chronological order before 2015. 1Cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic

QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match play
NT = no tournament
"T" = tied

U.S. national team appearances
Professional
Ryder Cup: 2014, 2016 (winners), 2018
Presidents Cup: 2015 (winners), 2017 (winners), 2019 (winners)

See also
2012 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates

References

External links

American male golfers
Augusta Jaguars men's golfers
PGA Tour golfers
European Tour golfers
Winners of men's major golf championships
Ryder Cup competitors for the United States
Olympic golfers of the United States
Golfers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Golfers at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Golfers from San Antonio
Sportspeople from Harris County, Texas
People from Spring, Texas
1990 births
Living

masks: Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed Reed


title: Martha Hughes Cannon

texts:
<mask>Mattie<mask> (July 1, 1857 – July 10, 1932) was a Utah State Senator, physician, Utah women's rights advocate, suffragist, polygamous wife, and a Welsh-born immigrant to the United States. Her family immigrated to the United States as converts to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and traveled West to settle in Utah territory with other Saints. She started working at the age of fourteen. At sixteen she enrolled in the University of Deseret, now called the University of Utah, receiving a Bachelors in Chemistry. From there she attended the University of Michigan and received her MD. She became the fourth of six wives in a polygamous marriage to Angus M<mask>, a prominent Latter-day Saint leader during the anti-polygamy crusade. <mask> exiled herself to Europe so she wouldn't have to testify against her husband.Upon returning to Utah, <mask> worked as a doctor and fought for women's rights. She helped put women enfranchisement into Utah's constitution when it was granted statehood in 1896. On November 3, 1896 <mask> became the first female State Senator elected in the United States, defeating her own husband, who was also on the ballot. <mask> <mask> was the author of Utah sanitation laws and was a founder and member of Utah's first State Board of Health. Biography

Early life
<mask> <mask> was born near Llandudno, Clwyd, Wales on July 1, 1857, the daughter of <mask> and Elizabeth Evans. She was known by the nickname "Mattie". The <mask> family were converts to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and emigrated to the United States with their two daughters, Mary Elizabeth and <mask>.They embarked from Liverpool, England on March 30, 1860, on the ship Underwriter and arrived in New York City, New York on May 1, 1860. Peter was very sick at the time and Elizabeth gave birth to their third child, Annie Lloyd. They stayed in New York to earn money to travel the plains to Utah territory. Erastus Snow, a Mormon

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Martha Maria "
" Hughes Cannon
. Cannon
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title: Martha Hughes Cannon

texts:
 leader, invited the family to join a pioneer company funded by the LDS Church for the less fortunate. The family accepted the invitation and traveled by train to Florence, Nebraska, and left with The Joseph Horne Company on July 11, 1861. Shortly before the family's arrival in the Salt Lake Valley, on September 3, 1861, <mask>'s sister Annie Lloyd <mask> died and was buried in an unmarked grave. She was 21 months old.The Joseph Horne company arrived in the Salt Lake valley on September 13, 1861. Three days after they arrived in Salt Lake City, on September 17, 1861, <mask> died. <mask> was left a widow with two young daughters at the age of 28. Thirteen months later, Elizabeth married James Patten Paul, a widower with four sons, thereafter giving birth to the later Latter-day Saints university professor and newspaper editor <mask> Paul. After Elizabeth's marriage to James P. Paul, <mask>, at different times in her life, went by the surnames of both Paul and <mask>. Later in life, Paul encouraged <mask> to follow her dream of becoming a medical doctor. Education and career

At age fourteen, <mask> taught school for a year, but quit when she had trouble controlling her larger male students.Brigham Young asked <mask> to learn typesetting and she worked as an apprentice for Hyrum Perry. <mask> B. Wells and affiliated with the Mormon Relief Society. While working at the Women's Exponent, <mask> met Emmeline B. Wells and Eliza Snow. These two women were her mentors and encouraged <mask> in her aspiration to become a doctor.In an October 1873 General Conference address, Brigham Young encouraged women, specifically, to enter the medical field and become doctors. The same year, at age sixteen, <mask> enrolled in the University of Deseret as a pre-med major, working as a typesetter during the day while taking night classes. She graduated from the University of Deseret in 1878 with a degree in chemistry. On August 13, 1878, <mask> was one of four women set

masks:
Martha
Hughes
Peter Hughes
Elizabeth Hughes
Joshua Hughes
Martha
Hughes
Martha
Hughes
Hughes
Hughesine
Hughes
Hughes
Martha Hughes
Hughes