title: Qamar Javed Bajwa

texts:
 joining the Pakistan Army in 1978, which directed him to attend the military academy. He was sent to attend the Pakistan Military Academy in Kakul and passing out in 1980.<mask> is a graduate of the Canadian Army Command and Staff College and the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, United States. He also attended the National Defence University, Islamabad. <mask> is married to Ayesha. The couple have two sons, Saad and Ali. Military career
After joining the Pakistan Army in 1978, <mask> who was enrolled at the Pakistan Military Academy (PMA) in Kakul, passed out with the class of 62nd PMA Long Course and gained commission as 2nd-Lt., on 24 October 1980 in the 16th Baloch Regiment at the Sialkot Cantonment – the same unit that his father commanded. In 1988, Major <mask> briefly served in the 5th Northern Light Infantry in Azad Kashmir. In addition, Lieutenant-Colonel <mask> served in the X Corps, stationed in Rawalpindi, as a Staff Officer.Upon promotion as one-star rank army general, Brigadier <mask> served as the Chief of Staff (COS) at the X Corps. In 2003, Brig. <mask> commanded the Pakistan Armed Forces-Africa Command, attached to the UN peacekeeping mission MONUSCO, in D. R. Congo. Brig. <mask> served in the D. R. Congo as a brigade commander under the then-Major General Bikram Singh, the former Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army from 2012–14. Gen. Singh later termed <mask>'s performance there as "professional and outstanding." After being promoted to the two-star rank in May 2009, Major-General <mask> took over the command of the Force Command Northern Areas division as its GOC, stationed in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.In August 2011, he was honored with

masks: Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa


title: Qamar Javed Bajwa

type: original

texts:
 the Hilal-i-Imtiaz (Military), and posted as an instructor at the School of Infantry and Tactics, Quetta, and later taught staff course at Command and Staff College in Quetta, and course on national security at the National Defence University, Islamabad. On 14 August 2013, Maj-Gen<mask> was promoted to three-star rank and posted as field commander of the X Corps, stationed in Rawalpindi. He was appointed as Grade-I officer during his tenure as field commander of the X Corps. The appointment was commented in the news media that noted that Lt-Gen. Bajwa had been posted in X Corps thrice, which is the army's most important and largest corps, which has experience of keeping control over the situation in Kashmir. In 2014, Lt-Gen. <mask> was appointed as Colonel Commandant of the Baloch Regiment. On 22 September 2015, Lt-Gen. <mask> was posted in the General Headquarters when he was appointed as the Inspector-General of the Training and Evaluation (IGT&E). There he was a Principal Staff Officer to the then-Chief of Army Staff, General Raheel Sharif.Chief of Army Staff
In 2016, General Raheel Sharif dismissed rumours of seeking the extension for his term. Initially, the race for the appointment for the army chief was rumored between Lt-Gen. Zubair Hayat and Lt-Gen. <mask> Ramday who was close to the first family. However, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif announced to appoint the-then senior most army general, Lt-Gen. Zubair Hayat as the Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee. On 29 November 2016, Prime Minister Sharif eventually announced to appoint General <mask> - the fourth by seniority, as the Chief of Army Staff, superseding two generals who were senior than him. His strong pro-democracy

masks:
. Bajwa
Bajwa
Bajwa
Javed
Bajwa


title: Qamar Javed Bajwa

texts:
 stance and views may have influenced his appointment as the army chief as noted by the media pundits. The Reuters reported that Prime Minister Sharif picked Bajwa because of his low-key style. He was also noted as the fourth oldest Chief of Army Staff.In December 2016, he was awarded the Nishan-e-Imtiaz. Under the command of Gen. <mask>, the nationwide counter-terrorism Operation Radd-ul-Fasaad and Khyber-4 were launched in February 2017 and July 2017, respectively. In October 2018, <mask> was awarded the Order of the Military Merit by Jordan's King Abdullah II. On 19 August 2019, his tenure as army chief was extended for another three years, starting from November 2019 till November 2022, by Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan. However, on 26 November 2019, the Supreme Court of Pakistan suspended the three-year extension. On 28 November 2019, the Supreme Court of Pakistan announced a short order allowing a 6-month extension in <mask>’s term as the COAS, during which the parliament was to legislate on the extension/reappointment of an army chief. On 8 January 2020, the Senate of Pakistan passed the Pakistan Army (Amendment) Bill 2020, allowing for <mask>'s tenure extension up to three years till 29 November 2022.Bajwa doctrine
The term 'Bajwa Doctrine' was coined by the Royal United Services Institute after <mask>'s address to the 54th Munich Security Conference. Journalist Suhail Warraich has described the doctrine in detail writing for The News International. Public image
<mask> is an avid reader and has keen interest in the history of Europe. He enjoys cricket and used to play cricket as a wicket-keeper. General <mask> reportedly prefers to keep himself updated about the latest

masks: Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa Bajwa


title: Qamar Javed Bajwa

texts:
 developments within the Indian national landscape. He is known to have a sound understanding of Indian strategic ambitions in the region and experience of armed conflict on LoC in Kashmir. He has enhanced focus to fight extremism in all its manifestations, declaring it a key driving force for terrorism.He has urged his fellow citizens especially the youth to fight extremism. In 2018, he was ranked 68th on The World's Most Powerful People list by Forbes magazine, which called him de facto the most powerful person in Pakistan who "established himself as a mediator and proponent of democracy". Controversies
The former prime minister of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif alleged that <mask> was behind his disqualification from the Prime Minister office by putting pressure on judiciary and on the Supreme Court. He also alleged that <mask> was also involved in rigging the 2018 Pakistani general election. Subsequently, Muhammad Safdar Awan, son-in-law of Nawaz Sharif was arrested allegedly through pressure in the  aftermath of enforced disappearance of Sindh Police's provincial senior police officer Mushtaq Mahar. Awards

Effective dates of promotion

See also
Pakistan Army
Inter-Services Public Relations
Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee

References

External links
Pakistan Army official website

1960 births
Punjabi people
People from Gujranwala
Government Gordon College alumni
Pakistan Military Academy alumni
Naval Postgraduate School alumni
Pakistani generals
National Defence University, Pakistan faculty
Pakistani expatriates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
People of the Congo Crisis
Chiefs of Army Staff, Pakistan
Recipients of Hilal-i-Imtiaz
Recipients of Nishan-e-Imtiaz
Living

masks: Bajwa Bajwa


title: William Chan

texts:
<mask>-ting (born 21 November 1985) is a Hong Kong singer, dancer and actor. In 2003, he participated in New Talent Singing Awards where he won several awards. He was then signed under Emperor Entertainment Group. He began his singing career by joining Cantopop group Sun Boy'z in 2006 and left the group in 2008 to pursue a solo career, releasing his debut solo album in the same year. Since then, he has released a total of 7 albums and 6 singles. Since 2013, he gradually shifted his career focus to mainland China. He is known for his roles in television series Swords of Legends (2014), The Mystic Nine (2016), Lost Love in Times (2017), Age of Legends (2018) and Novoland: Pearl Eclipse(2021).Music career

2003–2006: Debut with Sun Boy'z
In 2003, <mask> participated in the International Chinese New Talent Singing Championship Hong Kong regional finals and won several awards. He was then signed by Emperor Entertainment Group (EEG) as a new talent and started appearing in TV shows as a host. In 2006, <mask> joined Sun Boy'z, a Cantopop boy group created by EEG, together with Steven Cheung and Dennis Mark and started adopting a dance-singer persona. The trio has recorded three albums in 2006 and 2007, but disbanded in 2008. 2008–2014: Solo career
After the disbandment of his group, <mask> began his solo career. In September 2008, <mask> released his first solo album Will Power, and won the Most Popular Male Newcomer award at the 2008 Hong Kong Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation and Most Promising Award at the RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards. The following year, <mask> released his second solo album Warrior.He also participated in Dragon TV's dance program Let's Shake It. From 2010 to 2013, <mask> released four more albums,

masks:
William Chan Wai
William
William
William
William
William
William


title: William Chan

texts:
 namely Do You Wanna Dance (2010),  Heads or Tails (2010), WOW (2011) and Pop It Up (2013). 2015–present: Development in Mainland
In 2015, <mask> released his first EP titled Waiting, which is also his first Mandarin album. Waiting was a commercial success and achieved platinum certification in sales. The same year in November, he released his self-composed single "1121". In 2016, <mask> released the single "Plan W", which topped local music charts and reached ten million downloads in 12 hours. On 27 August 2016, <mask> embarked on his first solo tour Inside Me which kick-started in Beijing.It was subsequently held in the cities Shanghai, Nanjing, Chongqing and Guangzhou. In 2018, he acted as a dance mentor in iQiyi's reality online street dance variety program Hot Blood Dance Crew, as well as a mentor in Dragon Television's talent scouting program The Next Top Bang. In 2019, <mask> featured in the hit rap song "Wild Wolf Disco". In 2020, his second solo tour originally scheduled to kick-start in Guangzhou on 14 March 2020 was postponed due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Acting career

2009–2013: Beginnings in Hong Kong
In 2009, <mask> made his big screen debut in crime thriller Overheard. He was cast in his first lead role in Hi, Fidelity (2011), which was showcased at the 35th Hong Kong International Film Festival. <mask> then starred in the Hong Kong-Chinese film As the Light Goes Out (2013), which won him the Best Supporting Actor award at the Macau International Movie Festival for his performance.2014–2015: Breakthrough in Mainland
In 2013, <mask> began to shift his career focus to Mainland China. He filmed his first Chinese drama, The Four, an adaptation of Woon Swee Oan's novel Si Da Ming Bu. The drama was aired on Hunan TV

masks: William William William William William William William


title: William Chan

texts:
 in 2015. Subsequently, he starred in the fantasy action drama Swords of Legends. It was a huge success and topped viewership ratings and online views in China. The popularity of Swords of Legends shot <mask> to fame in China, and he won the Most Popular All-Around Artist and Media's Most Anticipated Actor awards at the 6th China TV Drama Awards. The same year, <mask> starred in the comedy film Golden Brother and won the Best Young Actor award at the China Image Film Festival for his performance.<mask> then starred in his first period drama, Legend of Fragrance alongside his Swords of Legends co-star Li Yifeng. The same year, he took on his first small-screen leading role in the fantasy wuxia drama Legend of Zu Mountain. 2016–present: Mainstream popularity
In 2016, <mask> starred in the tomb-raiding drama The Mystic Nine, which serves as a prequel to the popular web drama The Lost Tomb by Nanpai Sanshu. The Mystic Nine achieved success, placing first in television ratings and setting a record for the most online views garnered in a day, and has accumulated over 10 billion views. <mask> gained a surge in popularity for his role as Fo Ye, and was named the "Person of the Year" at the iQiyi All-Star Carnival. The same year, he starred alongside Jessica Jung in the romantic comedy film I Love That Crazy Little Thing and featured in Guo Jingming's fantasy blockbuster L.O.R.D: Legend of Ravaging Dynasties. In 2017, <mask> starred in the historical fantasy drama Lost Love in Times.In 2018, <mask> headlined the war epic film Genghis Khan, as well as modern romance drama Only Side by Side with You and crime action drama Age of Legends He also starred as a supporting role in the war film Air Strike. In 2019, <mask> starred in the romance film

masks: William William William William William William William William


title: William Chan

texts:
 Adoring. In 2020, the second part of Guo Jingming's fantasy blockbuster L.O.R.D: Legend of Ravaging Dynasties 2 was released via on-line streaming. In 2021, <mask> starred as the main antagonist in fantasy film The Yinyang Master, as well as the main protagonist in cyber security action drama The Dance of the Storm and historical fantasy drama Novoland: Pearl Eclipse. His upcoming work includes film Caught in Whirlwind and drama A Date with the Future. Other activities
In 2016, <mask> was appointed as the first Chinese ambassador of the NFL China. In 2017, his wax figure dressed up as his role in The Mystic Nine was added to Madame Tussauds Shanghai.In 2018, a second wax figurine dressed in his concert attire was added to Madame Tussauds Beijing. In 2018, <mask>'s fashion brand Williamism collaborated with other companies (New Era, Reebok, UCCA, Aftermaths) to produce his own brand of caps, shoes, T-shirts and skiing attire. In 2020, he was a mentor in comedian talent scouting show 'Gagman' and starred in reality sales-marketing series "Fourtry Season 2". He also established his own fashion brand CANOTWAIT_, which partnered with luxury car brand Maserati to release a limited edition sedan in 2021 . Discography

Albums

Singles

Soundtracks and Promotional Songs

Others

Filmography

Film

Television series

Variety show (Compere/Fixed Cast)

Awards and nominations

Film and television

Music

Forbes China Celebrity 100

References

External links

Sun Boy'z members
1985 births
Living people
21st-century Hong Kong male actors
21st-century Hong Kong male singers
Cantopop singers
Hong Kong Mandopop singers
Hong Kong male dancers
Hong Kong male television actors
Hong Kong male film actors
Hong Kong television presenters
Hong Kong

masks: William William William


title: Kayla DiCello

texts:
<mask> ( or   or ) (born January 25, 2004) is an American artistic gymnast and part of the United States women's national gymnastics team. She is the 2021 World all-around bronze medalist. On the junior level, she is the 2019 Junior World vault champion and the 2019 U.S. Junior national all-around champion. She was an alternate for the 2020 Olympic team. Personal life
<mask> was born to Matt and <mask> in 2004, and has three siblings, two sisters named Karleigh and Kyra and a brother named Hunter. She began gymnastics when she was two.Gymnastics career

Junior

2016 - 2017
<mask> was a HOPES gymnast in 2016 and became junior elite in 2017 after qualifying at the Brestyan’s National Qualifier. 2018
<mask> was officially added to the junior national team after she was named to the team to compete at the 2018 Pacific Rim Gymnastics Championships. There she won gold in the team, vault, and uneven bars and silver in the all-around behind Jordan Bowers. She finished 4th on balance beam. In early July, <mask> competed at the American Classic where she finished first in the all-around with a score of 55.400, posting the highest score of the competition amongst both juniors and seniors. She also finished first on vault and balance beam, second on floor, and third on uneven bars. On July 28, <mask> competed at the 2018 U.S. Classic where she finished second behind Leanne Wong after falling off the balance beam.With her placements at these three competitions, <mask> entered the August 2018 U.S. National Championships in Boston as one of the favorites for the Junior national title along with Wong, Bowers, and Sunisa Lee. After two days of competition in which she

masks:
Kayla DiCello
DiCello
Kecia DiCello
DiCello
DiCello
DiCello
DiCello
DiCello


title: Kayla DiCello

texts:
 tallied an impressive score of 111.200, <mask> won the silver medal in the all-around competition, once again behind Wong. She performed well on both days of the competition and was the only junior gymnast to score in the top four on all four individual events: fourth on balance beam, third on uneven bars and floor exercise, and first on vault, where she stuck her double-twisting Yurchenko vault on the second day of competition to edge out Wong, the defending champion on the event. After her performance, she was once again named to the national team. In November, <mask> announced that she had verbally committed to attend the University of Florida on a gymnastics scholarship. 2019
<mask> competed at the WOGA Classic in early February. She won the Junior All-Around title with a score of 55.700, outscoring the senior field as well.Later that month <mask> was named to the team to compete at the 2019 City of Jesolo Trophy. While there she sustained a calf injury and was only able to compete on uneven bars. During team finals, she helped the USA win silver behind Russia. In June <mask> competed at the Junior World Championship Trials. She placed second behind Skye Blakely and was named to the team to compete at the 2019 Junior World Championships alongside Blakely and Sydney Barros. Together the team won bronze, finishing behind Russia and China. Individually she finished fourth in the all-around behind Russians Viktoria Listunova and Vladislava Urazova and Ou Yushan of China.She was the only competitor that qualified to all four event finals. On the first day of event finals <mask> won gold on vault, finishing ahead of competitors Jennifer Gadirova of Great

masks: DiCello DiCello DiCello DiCello DiCello DiCello


title: Kayla DiCello

texts:
 Britain and Urazova and finished sixth on uneven bars. On the second day of event finals she won bronze on balance beam behind Elena Gerasimova of Russia and Wei Xiaoyuan of China and placed seventh on floor exercise. In July <mask> competed at the U.S. Classic where uncharacteristic falls on the balance beam and floor exercise resulted in an eleventh place finish in the all-around. She won bronze on uneven bars behind Olivia Greaves and Sydney Morris and placed seventh on vault. In August <mask> competed at the U.S. National Championships. After the first day of competition she recorded a score of 56.000 and was in second behind Konnor McClain.During the second day of competition scored a 56.700, giving her a total combined score of 112.700 which was enough to win the gold in the all-around by one tenth over silver medalist McClain. This score would have placed her third all-around in the senior competition. Additionally <mask> won gold on vault and floor exercise, bronze on uneven bars behind Olivia Greaves and McClain, and placed fourth on balance beam behind McClain, Ciena Alipio, and Skye Blakely. At this competition, <mask> increased her floor difficulty by debuting a full-twisting double layout, or Chusovitina as her first tumbling pass. Senior

2020
In January it was announced that <mask> would make her senior debut at the American Cup, taking place on March 7. She finished in second place behind compatriot Morgan Hurd, with a score of 55.132 in the all-around. She posted the second highest score on vault behind Great Britain’s Jennifer Gadirova and the third highest on floor behind Gadirova and Hurd.2021
<mask> competed at the American


title: Kayla DiCello

texts:
 Classic in April. She only competed on the uneven bars and on balance beam where she placed second behind Sunisa Lee and fifth respectively. In May, <mask> competed at the GK US Classic, finishing third in the all-around behind Simone Biles and Jordan Chiles. She also placed first on the uneven bars, tied for ninth on balance beam with Emma Malabuyo, and placed third on floor exercise behind Biles and Chiles. At the National Championships <mask> finished 11th in the all-around. She won silver on floor exercise behind Simone Biles. As a result she was named to the national team and selected to compete at the upcoming Olympic Trials.At the Olympic Trials <mask> finished sixth in the all-around and was named as an alternate for the Olympic team. In October <mask> was selected to compete at the 2021 World Championships alongside Leanne Wong, Konnor McClain, and eMjae Frazier. While there she qualified for the all-around final in third place behind Angelina Melnikova and teammate Wong, the floor exercise final in fourth place, and the balance beam final in seventh place. She won third in the all-around final behind Angelina Melnikova and Leanne Wong. In November <mask> signed her national letter of intent to compete for the Florida Gators. Selected competitive skills

 ^ Valid for the 2017-2020 Code of Points

Competitive history

Junior

Senior

References

External links

2004 births
Living people
American female artistic gymnasts
Medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
Medalists at the Junior World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
U.S. women's national team gymnasts
Sportspeople from Montgomery County, Maryland
Florida Gators women's

masks: DiCello DiCello DiCello DiCello DiCello


title: Mark Jones (rugby union, born 1979)

texts:
<mask> (born 7 November 1979 in Builth Wells, Powys) is a Welsh rugby union coach and former player who played on the wing for the Scarlets and Wales. Since making his international debut for Wales, he won 47 caps and scored 13 tries. He is currently a coach at New Zealand sides Crusaders and Canterbury. Early life
<mask> began his domestic career at Builth Wells Youth before joining the senior side. He was signed by Llandovery from Builth and in his first season of senior rugby was the highest try scorer in the Welsh League. <mask> joined Llanelli in 1997 and remained at the club until his retirement in 2010. <mask> has represented Wales at U18, U19 and U20 levels and made his first team debut for Wales as a replacement against England in the 2001 Lloyds TSB Six Nations.Career
2005–2006 was a great season for <mask>, as he won six international caps and scored three tries. This was after consecutive knee injuries, and major reconstructive surgery, saw him ruled out of the international arena since the 2003 Rugby World Cup. <mask> scored seven tries for the Scarlets during the 2006–2007 season, three of which came in the region's Heineken Cup endeavour, including one in the semi-final loss to the Leicester Tigers. <mask> appeared for Wales in the RBS 2007 Six Nations against Scotland, Italy and in the sole victory over England. In June, <mask> was named in Gareth Jenkins's 41-man preliminary Rugby World Cup 2007 summer training squad after being rested from the two Test tour to Australia. <mask> made the final 30-man cut for the RWC squad in August and played in Wales's Invesco Perpetual Summer Series, scoring a try against Argentina. <mask> appeared for Wales in the Rugby World Cup in Pool matches against Canada and Australia.He also played in the final Pool B encounter, scoring a try in Wales's defeat at the hands of the Fijians. In November 2007 <mask> was selected by Caretaker Coach Nigel Davies in the line-up to face world champions South Africa in the Prince William Cup at the Millennium Stadium. New Wales head coach Warren Gatland included <mask> in his Grand Slam winning 2008 RBS Six

masks:
Mark Anthony Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones


title: Mark Jones (rugby union, born 1979)

texts:
 Nations squad. He played in four matches, against England, Italy, Ireland and France, and almost scored a try for his country in the latter championship decider against France, being stopped just short of the line after a superb break. In July 2009, it was announced that <mask> was to be handed the captaincy for the Scarlets' 2009–10 season. <mask> was forced to retire through injury in August 2010. <mask> who took over from Simon Easterby as captain the previous season, received final confirmation from medics that his playing days are over.The news and decision to retire had been a difficult one for him, as he felt he still had plenty to give as a player both with his region and for Wales. <mask> enjoyed 12 seasons with the Scarlets and was granted a testimonial year by his region during the last year. A career Scarlet, <mask> played 164 times for his region and scored 425 points (85 tries). He played his first Scarlets game against Saracens on 26 August 1998. He won a total of 47 caps for Wales, scoring 13 tries for his country and was part of the Grand Slam winning team in 2008. Coaching career
Following his retirement, <mask> was announced as a skills coach for the Scarlets region on a two-year contract. This saw him coach skills both at first-team level and with a wider responsibility within the Premiership teams, Academy and age-grade pathways for the region.In 2012 he joined Wales set up, supporting Rob Howley at the 2012 autumn internationals. In 2013 he became interim attack coach during the Six Nations Championship. He also accompanied Robin McBryde on the 2013 tour of Japan. In 2015 he became head coach of the Rotherham Titans in the Greene King IPA Championship, taking over from Lee Blackett. He departed in 2016, with Titans chairman Nick Cragg describing <mask> as "a quality individual for whom we have the greatest respect" but stating that “results over the last three months have not been what we would have wished them to be and both parties have agreed that now is the time for change." <mask> took over as head coach of Colwyn Bay side RGC 1404 in 2016 as they moved into the

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones


title: Mark Jones (rugby union, born 1979)

texts:
 Welsh Premier Division for that season. He led the side into a spell of exciting rugby, with commentators praising the Gogs' "sizzling, attacking style" which led to their victory in the Welsh National Cup in 2017.<mask> was critical of WRU plans in 2017 to include regional A and under 23 sides in the new Celtic Cup, stating that it devalued Welsh club rugby and threatened the existence of semi-professional teams. After a spell of three years at Eirias Stadium, <mask> stood down as head coach of RGC, stating that the travel between his home town of Neath and Colwyn Bay was becoming too difficult for his family. He described one occasion where he travelled 800 miles in one weekend between work, attending his son's football game, and returning home to Neath. He told WalesOnline that he would continue to seek a coaching role, ideally at a PRO14 Welsh regional side. He described his preferred coaching style as "working with players with a tracksuit on", but said his time in Colwyn Bay had particularly helped him develop as an off-field coach. During the 2019 Rugby World Cup, <mask> was offered a role coaching the Namibia national rugby union team in Japan, "working closely with the Namibia backs both prior and during the competition". He was joined by fellow ex-Wales players Dale McIntosh and Wayne Proctor.In January 2020 <mask> surprised rugby pundits when he announced he was moving to Christchurch and joining the coaching setup at the Super Rugby side Crusaders on a two year deal. <mask> will serve as defence coach under head coach Scott Robertson and be running the attack and the backs with Canterbury, moving to New Zealand in 2020 after spending Christmas in Wales. In his interview upon joining the side, he described the South Island team as "the best rugby organisation in the world". References

External links
Profile at scarlets.co.uk
Profile at wru.co.uk
Profile at scrum.com
BBC – Mid Wales – Hall of Fame

1979 births
Living people
Hong Kong Scottish RFC players
Rugby union players from Builth Wells
Rugby union wings
Scarlets players
Wales international rugby union players
Welsh rugby union

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones


title: Musa Gasimli

texts:
<mask> () (born 28 October 1957) is a Azerbaijani historian, doctor of historical sciences, professor, member of the National Assembly (Azerbaijan) (Milli Məcli) by IVth and Vth convocation (2010 - 2015; 2015 –2019) and Director of the Institute of the Caucasus Studies of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (2016), corresponding member of ANAS (2017). Biography

<mask> was born on 28 October 1957 in the Yardımlı district of Azerbaijan. In 1974 he finished secondary school with distinction. In the same year he enrolled in the faculty of History at Azerbaijan State University (now known as Baku State University) and graduated in 1979 with honours. He worked in the Yardımlı district on assignment. From 1982-1985 he studied as a postgraduate student (full-time) at the department of New and Modern History of European and American countries, at Baku State University. He specialized in history of international relations.In 1986 he defended his candidate thesis and at age 35 his doctoral dissertation thesis. He was the youngest person in Azerbaijan to become a doctor of historical sciences. He is the first Professor and Doctor of Historical Sciences from the Yardımlı district. From 1986-1992 he worked as a lecturer, senior lecturer, associate professor and deputy dean at the Department of New and Modern History of European and American countries at Baku State University. Currently he is a professor at the Department of New and Modern History of European and American countries at Baku State University. By the decision of the Presidium of ANAS

masks:
Musa Jafar Qasimli
Musa Gasımlı


title: Musa Gasimli

texts: activities of Armenian armed “volunteer” gangs during the First World War, The policies of the great powers towards Azerbaijan during the First World War (1914 - 1918), Diplomatic and political relations between Turkey and the USSR (1960-1991), Azerbaijan and foreign countries (1920 - 1945), The “Armenian issue” to “Armenian genocide” (1724 - 1920), The South Caucasus and Entente countries and Relations between Russia and Turkey (1920 - 1923). <mask> has worked in the archives and published many valuable articles in Azerbaijan, Russia, Turkey, United States, Georgia, UN in Austria, OSCE in the Czech Republic and the UK.His first major research work was in relation to Azerbaijan's international and cultural relations during the period after World War II until the Soviet Union's collapse. It was a successful start to research the dynamics of international and cultural relations during this period. The results of the study were based on rich archives under the control of the Center during Soviet rule. This monograph which was published in Baku also was published at “Artanudji” press in Georgia. From 1992-1993 <mask>li discussed conditions in Iranian Azerbaijan after the Sayyed Ja’far Pishevari movement at the newly established UN General Assembly and in 1993 published his research paper, "Azerbaijan in International Politics", at "Azernashr" press. This was a first step in Azerbaijani History. <mask> raised the essence of disputes relating to Soviets troops in Iran between two representatives originally from Azerbaijan: an envoy from the Soviet

masks:
Musa Gasimli
Musa Gasim
Gasimli


title: Musa Gasimli

texts: Union in the UN (A.Vishinski) and an envoy from Iran (originally from the Ordubad region in Azerbaijan) - Sayyed Hasan Tagizadeh.He also touched upon US and Soviet politics in Iranian Azerbaijan. The author writes that the West believes that the Cold War was started first in Europe, but in fact the crisis emerged from Iranian Azerbaijan. <mask> denotes in his article: “...for many years in non-scientific theses, the concept that the US and other Western countries were guilty for the Cold War dominated”. Now the “cold war” has ended. The main guilty party of this war, the Soviet empire, collapsed and the West was victorious. The issue of Azerbaijan became one of the most controversial in the field of international relations and was the first seed into the cold war after the former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill’s speech in Fulton in March 1945 (page 24-25). This was a new concept in Azerbaijani and world history that was first introduced by <mask>.Later, other Azerbaijani historians under <mask>’s supervision conducted research on this issue and developed the concept of the start of the Cold war crisis in Iranian Azerbaijan. Professor Jamil Hasanli says in his article “South Azerbaijan: between Tehran – Baku – Moscow (1939 – 1945)” published in 1998, that Professor <mask>'s book “The Issue of Azerbaijan in International Relations” can be considered as one of the most successful steps during recent years" (page 12-13). Also, Professor <mask>li researched the diplomatic and political relations of Azerbaijan with other countries, including

masks:
Musa Gasimli
Musa Gasimli
Musa Gasimli
Musa Gasimli
Musa Gasim


title: Musa Gasimli

texts: Turkey, and the period of Bolshevik occupation until the establishment of the Soviet Union. These years involved a short period of independence of Azerbaijan. The author researched the means of Bolshevik Russia that put an end to Azerbaijan's foreign policy and closed representative offices. Along with Baku, this research was published as a book in Turkey and Iran. Professor <mask>li for the first time in his country studied the policy of great powers towards Azerbaijan during World War I.In relation to this he is the author of a three-volume monograph. He investigated the activities of armed Armenian “volunteer” gangs in the South Caucasus. On this subject he gave a number of speeches in international scientific symposiums and those reports have been published. <mask> also studied Azerbaijan's struggle for independence and problems with foreign countries during 1920-1945, wrote a large-volume monograph and the study was published in Istanbul's “Kaknus” Press in 2006. The book was one of the best-selling books at a book fair in Frankfurt, Germany. Gasimli also studied the diplomatic and political struggle for influence between Russia, Turkey and Entente countries in the South Caucasus from 1920-1923. The professor also published a monograph based on the most reliable materials and archives related to the period starting from the decree of the Russian Emperor Peter the Great, until Armenian SSR in 1920, regarding the placement of Armenians in Azerbaijani territories, the capture of land, creation of armed gangs, as well as large-scale massacres

masks:
Musa Gasim
Musa Gasimli


title: Musa Gasimli

texts:
 Azerbaijan (2004-2007). He is a member of the Defense Council of Baku State University. Fourteen candidacy and three doctoral dissertation defenses have been examined by Professor <mask>.He is a member of the Scientific Council of the Faculty of History at Baku State University. He was awarded with the medal of “Distinguished education worker” by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2009. Selected publications

In Azerbaijan

 The Republic of Azerbaijan in World Meridians. Baku. Ganjlik, 1992, 5.58.pp
 Azerbaijan Issue in the International relations. Baku. Azerneshr, 1993, 4.2pp
 Azerbaijan in the system of the International relations (1991–1995 years) Baku.Ganjlik. 1996. 8.7pp
 Azerbaijan and International parliamentary organizations. (together with N.Akhundov) Baku. Mutarjim, 1996. 5.5pp
 The foreign policy of Azerbaijan (concept issues) Baku. Mutarjim 1997.7.5pp
 Diplomatic and political relations between Azerbaijan and Turkey (April 1920 year-December 1922 year) Baku. Mutarjim. 1998. 7.5pp
 Foreign states and Azerbaijan (Diplomatic and political relations in period after April occupation until creation of the USSR). Baku. 1998. 22.5 pp.Azerbaijan policy of Great Power in the First World War years (1914–1918 years). In 3 part. 1st part. (August 1914 year-October 1917 year). Baku. Qanun. 2000, 15 pp.Azerbaijan policy of Great Power in I World War years (1914–1918 years). In 3 part. 2nd part (November 1917 year- November 1918 year) Baku. Adiloglu, 2001, 15 pp. Ministers of Foreign Affairs (together with E.Huseynov) Baku.


title: Musa Gasimli

texts:
 National struggle of Azerbaijani Turks.1920-1940. Istanbul. Kaknus Press, 2006. 704 p. (Turkey). USSR-Turkey: from normalization to a new Cold War. 1960–1979 years. Moscow.Insan, 2008. 576p (Russia). Turkey-USSR: from the coup until the collapse. 1980-1991. Moscow. Insan. 2010.418p (Russia). USSR-Turkey relations. From 1980 Coup in Turkey until the collapse of the USSR. Istanbul. Kaknus. 2012. 464p (Turkey).Ukrainian-Azerbaijani political relations: history and modernity. Kiev. Dmitry Burago Publishing House, Kiev,2012 (Ukraine). Turkey- USSR relations. Ankara. Atatürk Research Center Publications. 2013.599p (Turkey). Anatolia and the South Caucasus in 1724–1920 years: in search of historical truth. Moscow. Insan, 2014. 550p. (Russia). The "Armenian Issue" in the Caucasus.1724-1920. Ankara. Ipek University publications. 2014. 484p (Turkey). Azerbaijan, Armenia and Turkey in 1920-1994: the real history. Moscow.Insan, 2016. 560 p. (Russia). Foreign Policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan (1991-2003). I vol. Moscow. Insan, 2016. 704 p. (Russia).Foreign Policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan (1991-2003). II vol. Moscow. Insan, 2016. 720 p. (Russia). References

External links

Qasimli <mask> oglu - Baku State University
<mask>`s books
<mask>li: “A quarter of the Azerbaijani population was massacred in Baku in 1918”
Director of the Institute of the Caucasus Studies

1957 births
Azerbaijani historians
People from Yardimli District
Russian historians
Soviet historians
20th-century historians
Living people
Recipients of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic

masks:
Musa Dfar
Musa Gasimli
Musa Gasim


title: Lee Goldberg

texts:
<mask> is an American author, screenwriter, publisher and producer known for his bestselling novels Lost Hills and True Fiction and his work on a wide variety of TV crime series, including Diagnosis: Murder, A Nero Wolfe Mystery, Hunter, Spenser: For Hire, Martial Law, She-Wolf of London, SeaQuest, 1-800-Missing, The Glades and Monk. Career
<mask> began his career as a journalist, covering local news and the police beat for the Contra Costa Times (later renamed the East Bay Times) and UPI, and writing feature articles, interviews and reviews for various national publications, including the San Francisco Chronicle, Los Angeles Times, Newsweek and American Film among others. He attended UCLA, where he was a reporter and feature writer for the Daily Bruin student newspaper, in addition to his aforementioned journalism work. There he befriended Lewis Perdue, the paper's journalism advisor from 1979 to 1982, who got <mask> his first writing assignment for Pinnacle Books. The novel, .357 Vigilante, was published under the pseudonym "Ian Ludlow" in 1985. The novel spawned three more sequels and the series' movie rights were optioned by New World Pictures. Although the movie was never made, his script for the movie, co-written with fellow UCLA classmate William Rabkin, led to a long career in television and film.Their first television credit was on the "If You Knew Sammy" episode of Spenser: For Hire about an author of vigilante novels. Film and Television
His subsequent writing and producing credits include Murphy's Law, SeaQuest DSV, The Cosby Mysteries, and Monk, among others. He is perhaps best known for his stint as supervising producer and executive producer of the long-running series Diagnosis Murder starring Dick Van Dyke as a doctor who solves crimes. In 2007, <mask> wrote and produced

masks:
Lee Goldberg
Goldberg
Goldberg
Goldberg


title: Lee Goldberg

texts:
 the pilot for a German television program, Fast Track: No Limits. which aired on television in some countries and was released a theatrical film in others. In 2010, he wrote and directed the short film Remaindered, based on his short story for Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, on location in Kentucky. He wrote and directed the sequel, Bumsicle, in 2012.In 2019, he co-wrote and co-created with Robin Bernheim the Hallmark Movies & Mysteries telefilm series Mystery 101 starring Jill Wagner and Kristofer Polaha. In April 2021, Constantin Films announced that they will be producing a feature film version his novel The Walk based on his screenplay adaptation. Writing
In conjunction with his work on Monk and Diagnosis Murder, <mask> wrote several original tie-in novels based on those series. He has also penned several original crime novels, two featuring ex-cop-turned-Hollywood troubleshooter Charlie Willis and the aforementioned .357 Vigilante series, which he wrote under the pseudonym Ian Ludlow, while still a student. His novel, The Man with the Iron-On Badge (titled Watch Me Die for its re-release), was nominated for a Shamus Award by the Private Eye Writers of America and was produced in 2007 as the stage play, Mapes For Hire, in Owensboro, Kentucky at the International Mystery Writers Festival. <mask> has also written non-fiction books about the entertainment industry, including Unsold Television Pilots and Successful Television Writing. His book, Unsold Television Pilots, was turned into two TV specials – The Greatest Shows You Never Saw on CBS and The Best TV Shows That Never Were on ABC, both written and produced by William Rabkin and <mask>.They also co-created The Dead Man an original, monthly series of horror novels that rolled-out in October 2011  as the premiere titles of Amazon's

masks: Goldberg Goldberg Goldberg


title: Lee Goldberg

texts:
 new 47North sci-fi/horror/fantasy imprint. Amazon initially ordered 12 books and, in February 2012, extended the series by 12 more. The 24th title, the Kindle Serial Reborn, was published in January 2014 and is the final book in the series to date. In June 2013, his novel The Heist, the first in a five-book series written with Janet Evanovich, was released by Random House. A prequel short story, "Pros and Cons," was published in May 2013 and became the #1 bestselling Kindle Single for seven straight weeks...and hit both the New York Times and USA Today bestseller lists. The Heist debuted at #2 on the USA Today bestseller list and #5 on the New York Times bestseller list. The sequel, The Chase, debuted at #1 on the Publishers Weekly bestseller list  and #2 on the New York Times bestseller list   in March 2014.The fifth book in the series, The Pursuit, was published in June 2016 and hit #1 on the New York Times bestseller list. His novel True Fiction, published by Amazon/Thomas & Mercer in April 2018. It was followed by Killer Thriller in February 2019 and Fake Truth in April 2020. All three books are "Ian Ludlow" thrillers, the novelist hero sharing the same name as the pseudonym that <mask> used to write his .357 Vigilante paperbacks when he was in college in the 1980s. His series about Detective Eve Ronin, the youngest homicide detective on the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department history, kicked off with Lost Hills in January 2020 and was followed by Bone Canyon (January 2021)   Gated Prey  (Oct 2021) and the upcoming Movieland  (June 2022). Publishing
In September 2014, <mask> launched the publishing company Brash Books with novelist Joel Goldman. The company publishes new crime fiction as well as award-winning, highly acclaimed crime, thriller and suspense novels that have fallen

masks: Goldberg Goldberg


title: Lee Goldberg

texts:
 out of print.In 2018, <mask> acquired the copyright to the published and unpublished books by the late author Ralph Dennis, who is best known for his Hardman series of crime novels, which were a major influence on the work of novelist Joe R. Lansdale and screenwriter Shane Black. The Hardman series, with introductions by Joe R. Lansdale, Ben Jones and Robert J. Randisi, among others, as well as Dennis' thriller The War Heist (<mask>'s edited down and revised version of Dennis' 1976 novel MacTaggart's War ) were released by Brash Books in 2019. In February 2020, Brash Books released "All Kinds of Ugly," a long-lost, final Hardman novel, which <mask> discovered and revised

In December 2020, he launched another publishing imprint, Cutting Edge Books, to release vintage crime novels, thrillers, westerns, and literary fiction from the 40s, 50s, and early 60s that had fallen out-of-print, including the work of authors Robert Dietrich (E. Howard Hunt), James Howard, March Hastings (Sally Singer), Stuart James, Bud Clifton (David Derek Stacton), and Richard Himmel. Awards
<mask> has been nominated twice for an Edgar Award by the Mystery Writers of America and twice for a Shamus Award by the Private Eye Writers of America. He was the 2012 recipient of the Poirot Award from Malice Domestic. He has served as a board member for the Mystery Writers of America and also founded, alongside novelist Max Allan Collins, the International Association of Media Tie-in Writers. In July 2021, he was selected by the City of Agoura, California as their 2021 One City One Book honoree.Personal life
<mask> has three younger siblings – Tod <mask>, Linda Woods and Karen Dinino—all of whom are writers. His uncle is true crime author Burl Barer. <mask> is of Jewish background. He lives with his wife and daughter in

masks: Goldberg Goldberg Goldberg Goldberg Goldberg Goldberg Goldberg


title: George Joseph Mess

texts:
<mask> (June 30, 1898 – June 24, 1962) was an American painter, printmaker, commercial artist, and art educator. The Cincinnati, Ohio, native began his career as a commercial artist and teacher; however, he became nationally known for his work as an etcher, printmaker, and painter. Along his wife, <mask>, he became a prominent member of the Indianapolis and Brown County, Indiana, arts communities. Mess produced mostly Impressionist-style landscapes as a painter, but he was especially known for his aquatint etchings and prints of rural scenes in the modern styles of the 1930s and 1940s. Mess was also a founder of the Circle Art Academy, a commercial art school in Indianapolis, Indiana, that operated from 1927 to 1932, and founded a local engraving company. Mess was the recipient of several prizes and awards for his art from the Hoosier Salon, the Herron Art Institute (a forerunner of the Herron School of Art and Design and the Indianapolis Museum of Art), the Indiana State Fair, and various state and local arts clubs. His work is represented in the permanent collections of the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Indianapolis Museum of Art, the Indiana Historical Society, and Minnetrista, among others.His illustrations also appeared in several print publications. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on June 30, 1898, to  Anna Gleis <mask> (1875–1960) and <mask><mask> (1871–1933). Mess's father was of German heritage; his mother's family was of German and Dutch ancestry. The <mask> family moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1899, when <mask> took a job as a foreman of the photoengraving department at the Indianapolis News, one of the city's major daily newspapers. <mask>, second of the family's three sons, became interested in art and wanted to

masks:
George Joseph Mess
Evelynne Mess Daily
George Joseph
Mess
Mess
Joseph J
. Mess
Mess
Joseph Mess
George Mess


title: George Joseph Mess

texts:
 become an artist at an early age. At the age of thirteen he received a scholarship to attend Saturday-morning art classes for children at the John Herron Art Institute, a forerunner to the Indianapolis Museum of Art.Mess also attended Indianapolis's public schools, graduating from Emmerich Manual High School in 1916. His two brothers, Arthur and Gordon, also became artists. After Mess graduated from high school he worked as a technician for Western Electric in Indianapolis before joining the U.S. Army in 1918. Although he served during World War I, Mess was never sent overseas. After receiving an honorable discharge from the military, Mess enrolled at Butler University and joined Delta Tau Delta fraternity. While attending Butler he earned extra money by working at a local lumberyard. Mess left Butler after a year and spent a semester at Teachers College, Columbia University, studying art under Arthur Wesley Dow.Mess returned to Indianapolis in 1921. Marriage and family
Mess met artist Evelynne Bernloehr while attending one of William Forsyth's evening art classes at the Herron Art Institute. Within months of their first meeting, <mask> and Bernloehr were married on April 28, 1925, at her family's home in Indianapolis. The couple set up an art studio in the living room of their home in suburban Broad Ripple. In 1941 they also bought a  farm outside Nashville in Brown County, Indiana, to use as a weekend retreat from the city. Evelynne and <mask> had no children. Seven years after Mess's death in 1962, his widow married Edward Daily.Evelynne <mask> Daily died on January 9, 2003, at the age of 100. Career
Mess began his artistic career in 1921 as an artist in Indianapolis, where he established a commercial art business with his younger brother, Gordon, and continued his art training in the evening at the

masks:
Mess
George Mess
Mess


title: George Joseph Mess

texts: Herron Art Institute. In 1927 <mask> founded the Circle Art Academy with his wife, Evelynne, and his brother, Gordon. The Mess brothers served as directors and art instructors at the academy. Evelynne <mask> taught at the academy during its first year of operation before focusing fulltime on etching and printmaking. After the trio closed the school in 1932, the brothers organized the Circle Engraving Company, where <mask> worked as the head of its commercial art department for the next five years. During the summer of 1929 <mask> and Evelynne <mask> took a break from their work in Indianapolis to study art at the École des Beaux-Arts at Fontainebleau, France.At the end of the summer they spent additional time traveling and sketching in France, Switzerland, and Italy. After their return the United States, Mess resumed his work at the Circle Art Academy and continued to paint on weekends and in the evenings. Mess's wife, a master etcher, introduced him to the medium of etching and taught him the fundamentals. She later assisted him with the technical aspects of his etching and printing work due to his busy schedule as an art teacher and commercial artist. In 1931 he was awarded a fellowship from The Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation to study in New York. Mess exhibited his art at international exhibitions in Stockholm, Paris, and Rome, as well as at national shows at venue such as the Hoosier Salon, the Herron Art Institute, the Indiana State Fair, the Indiana Artists Club, the Indiana Society of Printmakers, the Society of American Etchers, the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Dayton Art Institute, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, among others. Mess's Winter in Indianapolis was part of an international exhibition at the Carnegie

masks: Mess Mess George George Mess


title: George Joseph Mess

texts:
 Institute in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1930.(Mess was one of only forty-eight American painters whose work was included in the exhibition.) Metamora won a prize in 1931 at the Indiana Art Association’s annual exhibition, the same year that Indianapolis in Snow and Brookside Bridge were exhibited at the Cincinnati Art Museum's 38th Annual Exhibition of American Art. In 1933 <mask> and nineteen other Indiana artists exhibited their art at the Century of Progress International Exhibition in Chicago, Illinois. The following year he had a solo exhibition at the Herron Art Institute. In 1937 Mess and his wife moved to Chicago, where he took a job supervising the reproduction of artwork for several magazines that included Esquire, Coronet, and Apparel Arts. The Messes returned to Indianapolis in 1940, a year after he was diagnosed with cancer. Despite his ill health, Mess and his wife continued to make their living teaching and selling their art.In addition to establishing a weekend retreat on a farm they purchased in Brown County, Indiana, in 1941, the couple spent three months during the summer of 1944 teaching printing to students attending the Old Mill Art School, a school that their friends and fellow artists, Margaret and Wayman Elbridge Adams, had established on their property in the Adirondack Mountains near Elizabethtown, New York. Due to his ongoing ill health, Messoccasionally taught at the Indianapolis Art League and at the Herron Art Institute. In 1949 he became a part-time instructor of art at Indiana University's campus in Indianapolis (the present-day Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis), a position he retained until his death in 1962. Death and legacy
<mask> died in Indianapolis on June 24, 1962, after suffering nearly two decades of ill health. His remains are interred at

masks:
Mess
George Mess


title: George Joseph Mess

texts:
 Indianapolis's Crown Hill Cemetery. Mess began his career as a commercial artist and art educator; however, he became nationally known for his work as a printmaker and painter. In addition, Mess and his wife, Evelynne <mask> Daily, were prominent members of the Indianapolis and Brown County, Indiana, arts communities.Trained as a painter, producing mostly Impressionist-style landscapes, he was especially known for his aquatint etchings and prints of rural scenes in the modern styles of the 1930s and 1940s. Honors and tributes
During his lifetime, Mess was the recipient of several prizes and awards for his art from the Hoosier Salon, the Herron Art Institute, the Indiana State Fair, and the Indiana Artists Club. Selected works
Mess's work is represented in the permanent collections of the
Smithsonian American Art Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Indianapolis Museum of Art, the Indiana Historical Society, and Minnetrista, among others. His illustrations appear in several publications such as Hoosier City (1943) and Living in Indiana (1946). At the Smithsonian American Art Museum:
 Ever So Humble
 Winter Moonlight
 Wishing Gate

At the Indianapolis Museum of Art:
 Ed Luckey's Farm (1937)
 Metamora (1935)
 Southern Oak (1936)

At the Indiana Historical Society:
 Christmas Eve (1936)
 Self Portrait (1940)
 Snow Bound (1936)
 The Handy Pump (1943)

At Minnetrista:
 New Dawn

Notes

References

External links
 <mask> Mess artworks at the Indianapolis Museum of Art
 <mask> Mess artworks at the Smithsonian American Art Museum
  "See Indiana" (a pictoral map, ca. 1948) at the Indiana Historical Society
 Stanhope Hall, Princeton University at Art of the Print

1898 births
1962 deaths
20th-century American painters
20th-century American printmakers
Artists from Indianapolis
Painters from Indiana
Burials at

masks:
Mess
George Jo
George Jo


title: Jérome Polenz

texts:
<mask> (born 7 November 1986) is a German retired professional footballer who mostly played as a defender. Club career

Early career

<mask> was born in Berlin, Germany, to an Algerian father and a German mother. He first began his youth career with SC Siemensstadt at the age of seven before advancing through the youth systems of CFC Hertha 06 and TeBe Berlin. Growing up, Polenz attended the Gymnasium Obervieland and graduated with an Abitur diploma. When he was fifteen years old, <mask> joined Werder Bremen and quickly developed his way through the club's teams. After three years on Bremen's reserve team, he made his first team debut on 4 February 2006, beating Mainz 4–2. Following his debut, <mask> signed his first professional contract with the club, keeping him until 2009.He later went on to make three appearances at the end of the 2005–06 season. <mask> made no appearances in the first team throughout the 2006–07 season. Alemannia Aachen

It was announced on 15 June 2007 that <mask> joined Alemannia Aachen on a three–year contract, effectively joining the club on 1 July 2007. He made his debut for the club, coming on as an 83rd-minute substitute, in a 3–0 win against FC Normannia Gmünd in the first round of the DFB–Pokal. In a follow–up match, <mask> made his first start for Alemannia Aachen, playing in the defensive midfield position, as the club drew 2–2 against Carl Zeiss Jena. Since joining Alemannia Aachen, he was involved in the first team, rotating in playing as a striker, right–midfield and right–back positions. <mask> also began to contribute assists, assisting four times However, along the way, he was plagued with injuries on five occasions.At the end of the 2007–08 season, <mask> went on to make twenty–seven appearances in all competitions. At the start of the 2008–09 season, <mask> continued to regain his first team place and began playing in the right–back position. However, he suffered a torn ankle ligament injury while training and was sidelined for "a long time". <mask> did not

masks:
Jérome Polenz
Polenz
Polenz
Polenz
Polenz
Polenz
Polenz
Polenz
Polenz
Polenz
Polenz


title: Jérome Polenz

texts:
 return to the first team until on 14 December 2008 against FC Augsburg, coming on as an 82nd-minute substitute, as Alemannia Aachen lost 3–1. However, in a match against Hansa Rostock on 6 February 2009, he was sent–off for a straight red card in the 45th minute, as the club drew 3–3. After the match, it was announced that <mask> would have to serve a two match suspension. After serving a two match suspension, he returned to the first team against MSV Duisburg on 2 March 2009, coming on as a 60th-minute substitute, in a 2–1 loss.In a follow–up against SC Freiburg, <mask> set up Alemannia Aachen's only goal of the game, in a 2–1 loss. Despite being sidelined on two occasions later in the 2008–09 season, he later regained his first team place, playing in the right–back position for the rest of the season. At the end of the 2008–09 season, <mask> went on to make twenty–four appearances in all competitions. At the start of the 2009–10 season, however, <mask> suffered a posterior cruciate ligament injury in his right knee in a 4–2 loss against Hearts in a friendly match. After the match, Alemannia Aachen announced on their website that he would be sidelined for about ten weeks. By October, <mask> recovered from his injury and was featured in two matches for the club's reserve team. He did not make his return to the first team until 1 November 2009 against FC Augsburg, coming on as a 77th-minute substitute, in a 1–0 win.However, <mask> continued to remain out of the sidelined, including another injury that saw out for a month. As a result, he was restricted to two starts for Alemannia Aachen. Union Berlin
On 11 May 2010, <mask> signed for Union Berlin for the 2010–11 season, signing a three–year contract. He made his debut for the club against Halle in the first round of the DFB–Pokal, and started the whole game, as Union Berlin lost 1–0. After joining the club, <mask> found himself competing with Marc Pfertzel and Paweł Thomik. As a result, he found his first team opportunities, resulting in him being

masks: Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz


title: Jérome Polenz

texts:
 placed on the substitute bench, as well as, his own injury concern. In December 2010,  <mask>, along with Kenan Şahin, was barred from the first team squad and instead, the duo trained in the reserve squad.Following this, he never played in the first team for the rest of the 2010–11 season and made seven appearances in all competitions. Ahead of the 2011–12 season, it was expected that <mask> would be leaving 1. FC Union Berlin, but ended up staying at the club. After nine months without playing in the first team, he was called back into the first team on 26 September 2011. Having appeared four times as an unused substitute, <mask> made his first appearance, coming on as a substitute in a 2–1 win over Eintracht Braunschweig on 4 November 2011. However, he found his first team place hard to come by and made two starts towards the 2011–12 season. At the end of the 2011–12 season, <mask> went on to make eight appearances in all competitions.Following this, he was released by the club. Western Sydney Wanderers

On 21 August 2012, <mask> signed a contract to be an inaugural squad member of Western Sydney Wanderers of Australia. He explained joining the club after watching his friend Thomas Broich's documentary called Tom Meets Zizou. Western Sydney Wanderers made their debut in a 0–0 draw against Central Coast Mariners, where <mask> played in the right-back position on 6 October 2012. After joining the club, he quickly established himself in this position in the starting eleven, playing in the right–back position. His performance saw him signed a contract extension for the 2013–14 season. <mask> then contributed an assist for Mark Bridge to score an equaliser as Western Sydney Wanderers beat Brisbane Roar 2–1 on 20 January 2013.In a follow–up match against Melbourne Heart, he was sent–off in the 13th minute for an unprofessional foul, as the club won 1–0. After serving a one match suspension, <mask> returned to the starting line–up against Newcastle Jets on 9 February 2013 and set up Western Sydney


title: Jérome Polenz

texts:
 Wanderers' second goal of the game, in a 2–1 win. He later helped the club finish first place in the league and qualify for the  Final Series. After suffering an injury during a 3–1 win against Melbourne Heart on 16 March 2013, <mask> did not make his return to the first team until a match against Brisbane Roar in the semi–finals of the Final Series, starting a match before being substituted in the 41st minute once, as Western Sydney Wanderers won 2–0. In the Grand Final against Central Coast Mariners, he returned to the starting line–up and played 76 minutes before being substituted, as the club lost 2–0. At the end of the 2012–13 season, <mask> went on to make twenty-five appearances in all competitions. For his performance, he was named A-League Team of the Season.<mask> scored his first ever senior goal in the Western Sydney Wanderers one all draw with Wellington Phoenix in round 2 of the 2013–14 season. Two weeks later on 1 November 2013, he set up a winning goal for Tomi Juric, who scored twice, in a 2–1 win against Adelaide United. By the end of the year, <mask> helped the club keeping five clean sheets. After the start of the 2013–14 season, <mask> continued to regain his first team place, playing in the right–back position. He then made his AFC Champions League debut, playing the whole game, in a 3–1 loss against Ulsan Hyundai on 26 February 2014. A month later on 23 March 2014, <mask> scored his second goal for Western Sydney Wanderers, in a 3–0 win against Perth Glory. He helped the club reach the Grand Final, only to lose 2–1 against Brisbane Roar on 4 May 2014.Despite being sidelined on three occasions later in the 2013–14 season, <mask> went on to make twenty-five appearances and scoring two times in all competitions. Following this, he was released by the club, ending the speculation over his future at Western Sydney Wanderers. Sarpsborg 08
On the eve of the summer transfer window in 2014, Sarpsborg 08 signed <mask> for the remainder of the season. He made his debut for the club against


title: Jérome Polenz

texts:
 Molde on 17 August 2014, coming on as a 75th-minute substitute, in a 2–0 loss. Two months later against Stabæk on 26 October 2014, <mask> made his first start for Sarpsborg 08, as the club drew 1–1. However, his first team opportunities were limited to the substitute bench, as he made two appearances for Sarpsborg 08 in all competitions. Brisbane Roar
At the opening of the A-League transfer window in 2015, <mask> was signed by Brisbane Roar as their last foreign player.He had been trialing with the club since the middle of December 2014 and signed a deal which binds him until the end of the 2016–17 season. <mask> made his debut for the club, starting the whole game, against Wellington Phoenix on 2 February 2015 and assisted the winning goal for Jean Carlos Solórzano, in a 3–2 win. After joining Brisbane Roar, he quickly established himself in the first team, playing in the right–back position. This lasted until <mask> suffered an injury while warming up and was out for weeks. He made his return to the first team against Melbourne Victory on 18 April 2015, coming on as a second half substitute, in a 1–0 loss. At the end of the 2014–15 season, <mask> went on to make eleven appearances in all competitions. After playing only 75 minutes during the 2015–16 season, he was released a year early from his contract.Post playing career
Following his departure from Brisbane Roar, <mask> retired from professional football that summer. Afterwards, he initially worked in online marketing, but later relocated to Barcelona. <mask> revealed that he had a short and unsuccessful excursion into the fashion business during his career in Berlin after his fashion label called "Propeller" failed and didn't mainstay for the time after, reflecting: "The idea was good, the implementation was not." In March 2020, Eintracht Frankfurt appointed <mask> and his former teammate Thomas Broich as their U15 coach, effectively starting from 1 July 2020.

International career
<mask> was eligible to play for Germany and Algeria but ended up

masks: Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz


title: Jérome Polenz

texts:
 playing for Germany. In September 2004, <mask> was called up to the Germany U19 squad and made his debut for the U19 side, losing 4–1 against Spain U19 on 17 September 2004. He played a part in the 2005 UEFA European Under-19 Championship in the group stage against Serbia and Montenegro coming on as a substitute in the 78th minute replacing Markus Heppke. However, <mask> was unable to take part in the remaining fixtures of the group stage and the semi-final against France due to an injury and returned to Germany prior to the match alongside Sascha Dum and Markus Steinhöfer who were also injured.He went on to make three appearances for Germany U19. In September 2005, <mask> was called up to the Germany U20 squad and made his U20 debut, losing 2–1 against Switerzland on 14 September 2005. A year later on 6 December 2006, he made his second appearance for Germany U19, in a 1–0 against Italy U20. <mask> went on to make two appearances for Germany U20. Personal life
<mask> revealed that he began playing football at a young age. <mask> has two brothers and a sister. One of his brothers played amateur football.In addition to speaking German, he speaks French. <mask> is married to his wife Svenja. Career statistics

Honors
Western Sydney Wanderers
 A-League Premiership: 2012–13
 A-League Championship Runners-up: 2012–13, 2013–14

Individual
 A-League PFA Team of the Season: 2012–13

References

External links

 Western Sydney Wanderers profile

Living people
1986 births
Association football central defenders
Association football fullbacks
Association football midfielders
Footballers from Berlin
German footballers
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German people of Algerian descent
A-League Men players
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Western Sydney Wanderers FC players
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German expatriate

masks: Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz Polenz


title: Julius Page

texts:
<mask> (born February 26, 1982) is an American former professional basketball player. An athletic combo guard whose vertical leap was reported to be , he played high school basketball at Turner-Carroll High School in Buffalo, New York. He then played college basketball with the Pittsburgh Panthers, staying for 4 years: in his junior season in 2003 he was named Big East Tournament MVP and was a third-team all-conference selection. After going undrafted in the 2004 NBA draft, <mask> started a professional career in the Continental Basketball Association, playing for the Idaho Stampede. He has also played in Germany and Israel before retiring from professional basketball in 2009. High school career
<mask> played for Turner-Carroll High School, a Catholic school in the East Side of his hometown of Buffalo, New York. As a sophomore, <mask> was selected as a starter of the varsity team, and the school won the Class C state championship.In his junior year, he averaged 22 points, 6 rebounds and 4 assists per game, and his team won the Class B state title; he was named in the All-Western New York First Team at the end of the season. In his senior year, <mask> averaged 25 points, 11 rebounds and 4 assists per game, winning the 2000 Buffalo News Player of the Year award for the best player in the Western New York area. He was also included in the all-area first team for the second consecutive season. The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette mentioned him as one of the best players in the nation, and he was considered one of the most athletic players and one of the best dunkers in the 2000 class by the Sporting News. <mask> was selected to play in the Capital Classic, a high school all-star game, during which he scored 15 points, shooting 7/11 from the field. During <mask>'s tenure at Turner-Carroll,

masks:
Julius Marvin Page
Page
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title: Julius Page

texts:
 the school appeared in three state championships, winning two. He ended his high school career with a total of 1,541 points.College career

Freshman season
<mask> was recruited by Clemson, Notre Dame, Pittsburgh and Villanova, and committed to Pittsburgh in early September 1999. Newly appointed head coach Ben Howland signed <mask> intending to use him as a shooting guard in his lineup, replacing departing seniors Kellii Taylor and Jarrett Lockhart. <mask> chose to wear jersey number 1 and was included in the starting lineup since mid-December, starting 25 consecutive games as a freshman. On January 20, 2001 <mask> scored 18 points (a then season high) against Georgetown: during the game, he dunked on Georgetown center Ruben Boumtje-Boumtje, in a dunk that was defined as one of the best in Pittsburgh history by Kevin Gorman of the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review and one of the best in NCAA college basketball history by Paul Ables of Bleacher Report. On February 3, in a game against of Notre Dame, <mask> tied his season high mark of 18 points. During the 2001 National Invitation Tournament, <mask> scored a new season high of 22 points against St. Bonaventure. Throughout the season, <mask> made an impact on his team with his shooting and his defense.He was the second best scorer on the team behind senior forward Ricardo Greer at 9.1 points per game, and the fifth best in three-point shooting percentage at 34.1 (on 3.8 attempts per game). <mask> also played a total of 888 minutes (26.9 per game), ranking fourth on the team. Sophomore season
<mask> was confirmed as the team's starting shooting guard for his sophomore season. In the game against Illinois State on November 24, 2001, <mask> posted a career-high 6 assists. On January 5, in a game against Boston College, <mask> recorded a

masks: Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page


title: Julius Page

texts:
 career-high 3 blocks. He scored a then career-high 23 points on March 2, 2002 against West Virginia in the last game of the regular season. In the Big East Tournament, <mask> played 48 minutes during the double overtime loss to UConn.During the 2002 NCAA Tournament, <mask> debuted with 16 points (4/6 on three-pointers) on March 15 against Central Connecticut State, followed by a 17-point, 8-rebound performance against California, recording a career high in rebounds in a single game. In the Sweet Sixteen game against Kent State, <mask> scored 18 points in a 73–78 loss. <mask> was the second-best scorer on the team behind point guard Brandin Knight (12.2 points per game), second in minutes per game (34.3) and third in assists (2.2), and he had his best free throw shooting season at 80.9%. At the end of the season he was an All-Big East Honorable Mention. Junior season
As a junior, <mask> debuted on November 23, 2002 in the first game of the season against Duquesne, scoring 17 points. In the game against Ohio State on December 18 he scored 18 points. He scored a career high 25 points on January 18, 2003 against future NCAA champions Syracuse, shooting 10/15 from the field, making 4 of his 8 three-point attempts.He then scored 19 points against Notre Dame (February 9), 17 points against UConn (March 2), and 16 points against Seton Hall (March 5) and Boston College (March 14). In the Big East championship game (the third consecutive in <mask>'s career) against UConn, <mask> scored 16 points (7/13 from the field, including 2/4 from three) and added 4 steals, 3 rebounds and 2 assists in 36 minutes. He won the Dave Gavitt Trophy as the Big East Tournament MVP, and was a third-team All-Conference selection, leading the Panthers in scoring in conference play (12.4 points per game). In

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 the 2003 NCAA Tournament <mask> made his debut posting 9 points, 3 rebounds and 4 assists against Wagner; he then scored 13 points against Indiana, shooting 5/9 from the field. The team reached the Sweet Sixteen, where they were eliminated by Marquette: <mask> scored 12 points and recorded 4 assists in the last game. <mask> ended the season as the team's top scorer (12.2 points per game) in a balanced offense that saw 5 players average at least 10 points per game. <mask> also ranked second in minutes per game (32.1), third in assists (2.2 behind Knight's 6.3 and Carl Krauser's 2.9) and shot a career-best 37% from three on 4.6 attempts per game.<mask> was a candidate for the Dapper Dan Sportsman of the Year award for the Pittsburgh area, and was selected to the USBWA and NABC All-District teams. Senior season
<mask> opted to return to Pittsburgh for his senior year. In the preseason, he was included in the list of 50 preliminary candidates for the John R. Wooden award. He was selected as team co-captain together with Jaron Brown and Toree Morris. His senior season was characterized by an ankle injury that bothered <mask> all season long. Nevertheless, <mask> played a career-high 1,281 minutes over 36 games, all starts. He sometimes shared point guard duties with Carl Krauser, in addition to his usual role of shooting guard.<mask> was one of the main contributors on the team, scoring double figures in 21 games. Pittsburgh won the Big East regular season title, and advanced to the semifinals in the Big East Tournament, losing in the title game against UConn, 58–61, with <mask> scoring 2 points in 35 minutes. Pittsburgh qualified again for the NCAA Tournament: in the 2004 edition he made his debut against UCF on March 19, posting 10 points and 5 rebounds; he then scored 12

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title: Julius Page

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 points against Wisconsin on March 21, and 5 in the loss to Oklahoma State on March 25. He ranked second on the team in minutes per game (a career-high 35.6), third in scoring (11 points per game, behind Krauser and Brown), fourth in assists and fourth in steals. At the end of the season he was named in the All-Big East Honorable Mention list, and in the USBWA and NABC All-District teams. <mask> ended his career at Pittsburgh with 1,512 total points, ranking 17th in program history as of 2019. He reached the 1,000 point milestone in 96 games.Throughout his career he was noted for his athleticism and dunks, and for often wearing a t-shirt with only one sleeve (the right one) under his jersey. Professional career
After the end of his college career, <mask> played at the Portsmouth Invitational Tournament in April, playing for the same team as Andre Barrett and Marcus Douthit. He went undrafted in the 2004 NBA draft, and on February 21, 2005 he decided to sign with the Idaho Stampede, a team that played in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA). <mask> played 6 games during the 2004–05 CBA season, averaging 5.5 points, 1.2 rebounds and 1.8 assists in 16.2 minutes per game. In 2006, <mask> joined Israeli club Bnei Hasharon. He debuted with the new team on the 4th round of the 2006–07 Super League season against Hapoel Jerusalem, scoring 9 points in 19 minutes. On the 27th round against Maccabi Giv'at Shmuel, the last game he played in the season, <mask> scored 28 points in 35 minutes, scoring 7/8 on 2-point field goals and 4/6 on three-pointers; in that game he also recorded 8 rebounds and 5 steals.<mask> stayed with the club for the following season, playing 9 games: he made his season debut in the first game against Ironi Ramat Gan scoring 4 points in 14 minutes. He

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title: Julius Page

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 recorded a season-high 6 points against Maccabi Rishon LeZion on the 7th round. He played his last game with Bnei Hasharon on the 10th round of the season, against Ironi Ramat Gan, playing only 2 minutes. <mask> moved to Germany and signed with Giants Nördlingen, a team of the Basketball Bundesliga. He played 1 minute and 32 seconds on September 20, 2008 against EnBW Ludwigsburg, recording no stats. <mask> was then selected by the Colorado 14ers in the 6th round of the 2008 NBA Development League draft (95th overall), but he did not stay with the club, being waived on November 20, 2008. His father was a former basketball player at Point Park University and Concord University; <mask> was named <mask> after <mask>, a former AAU teammate of his father.Other sources like NBA.com and the Pittsburgh Panthers website also report that his mother went into labor while his father was at a basketball game. <mask> has six siblings: four brothers and two sisters. He grew up with his mother and grandmother, Wilma Barron, mostly staying at his grandmother's home in the East Side of Buffalo while attending Turner-Carroll High School. After retiring from basketball, <mask> has worked as a radio host in sports talk shows. References

External links
Career stats at ProBallers.com
Profile at RealGM.com
College stats at Sports-Reference.com
Israeli league stats

1982 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in Germany
American expatriate basketball people in Israel
American men's basketball players
Basketball players from Buffalo, New York
Bnei Hertzeliya basketball players
Giants Nördlingen players
Idaho Stampede (CBA) players
Pittsburgh Panthers men's basketball players
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century

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Julius Erving
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title: Mohan Singh (general)

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<mask> (3 January 1909 – 26 December 1989) was an Indian military officer and member of the Indian Independence Movement best known for organising and leading the Indian National Army in South East Asia during World War II. Following Indian independence, <mask> later served in public life as a Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha (Upper House) of the Indian Parliament. He was a member of the Indian National Army (INA). Early life

He was born in a KHATRI  family and only son of <mask> and Hukam Kaur, a couple of Ugoke village, near Sialkot (now in Pakistan). His father died two months before his birth and his mother shifted to her parents' home in Badiana in the same district, where <mask> was born and brought up. Military career
<mask> passed secondary school and enlisted the 14th Punjab Regiment of the British Indian Army in 1927. After the completion of his recruit training at Hrozpur, <mask> was posted to the 2nd Battalion of the Regiment, then serving in the North-West Frontier Province.He was selected as a potential officer in 1931, and after six months' training in Kitchener College, Nowgong (Madhya Pradesh), and another two and a half years in the Indian Military Academy, Dehradun, he received his commission 1 February 1935 and was posted for a year to a British Army unit, the 2nd battalion Border Regiment. He was then posted to 1st Battalion, 14th Punjab Regiment on 24 February 1936, which at that time happened to be stationed at Jhelum. <mask> had been promoted temporary captain when his battalion was earmarked for operational service in the Far East. The battalion was still carrying out intensive training at Secunderabad when he married, in December 1940, Jasvant Kaur, sister of a brother officer. He left for Malaya with his unit on 4 March 1941. Second World War
Japan entered the War with her surprise attack on the American air base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on 7 December 1941 and overran the entire South East Asia within a few weeks. The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters in October set up the Fujiwara Kikan, or the

masks:
Mohan Singh
Mohan Singh
Tara Singh
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title: Mohan Singh (general)

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 F-kikan, in Bangkok, Headed by the Major Fujiwara Iwaichi, chief of intelligence of the 15th army.Tasked with intelligence gathering and contacting the Indian independence movement, the overseas Chinese, and the Malayan Sultan with the aim of encouraging friendship and cooperation with Japan, Fujiwara's staff included five commissioned officers and two Hindi-speaking interpreters. His initial contact was with Giani Pritam <mask>. Pritam <mask> was a leader of such an organisation. He and Major Fujihara, a Japanese officer, requested <mask> to form an Indian Army comprising the captured Indian soldiers. <mask> hesitated but ultimately agreed. Fujihara handed over about 40,000 Indian soldiers, who had surrendered to him, to <mask>. This was the initial step towards the formation of the first Indian National Army (INA).Action in Malaya

The British force in the northern part of the Malaya Peninsula, including <mask>'s battalion, 1/14 Punjab Regiment, was fleeing towards the South. <mask>'s own forces had been outgunned and destroyed by Japanese forces at Jitra. Captured by Japanese troops after several days in the jungle, <mask> was taken to Alor Star to Fujiwara and Pritam <mask> at a joint office of the F-Kikan and the IIL. Fujiwara, later self-described as "Lawrence of the Indian National Army" (after Lawrence of Arabia) is said to have been a man committed to the values which his office was supposed to convey to the expatriate nationalist leaders, and found acceptance among them. Indian National Army

Although Pritam <mask> was involved to a large extent, it was Fujiwara who, with his sincerity of purpose and belief, convinced <mask> to betray his oath to the British Crown by uniting with the Japanese mission for the greater motive of Indian independence. This included the promise that he would be treated as an ally and a friend, and not a prisoner of war. <mask> initially helped Fujiwara take control of the situation of looting and arson that had developed in Alor Star; in December 1941, after meeting with the Japanese commanding

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Mohan Singh
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title: Mohan Singh (general)

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 general, <mask> was convinced of its feasibility of raising an armed Indian unit.Between himself, Pritam <mask> and Fujiwara, <mask> set about contacting Indians in the British Indian Army in Southeast Asia and also began recruiting from among those captured by the Japanese in Malaya. All Indian prisoners of war and stragglers were placed under his charge, and he was asked to restore order in the town of Alor Star. Thus the nucleus of what came to be the Ajad Hind Fauj also known as Indian National Army was born. Kuala Lumpur fell on 11 January 1942 with 3,500 Indian prisoners of war, and Singapore on 15 February with 85,000 British troops, of whom 45,000 were Indians. <mask> asked for volunteers who would form the Ajad Hind Fauj (literally translates to Free India Army) to fight for Indian independence from the British rule. A large number of men came forward to join what came to be termed as the Ajad Hind Fauj (National Army of independent India). The new set-up came into being on 1 September 1942 by which time the strength of volunteers had reached 40,000.<mask>, now designated a General, was to command it. Already in a conference held at Bangkok during 15–23 June 1942, the Indian Independence League under the leadership of Rash Behari Bose, an Indian revolutionary who had escaped to Japan in June 1915 and who had been living there ever since, had been inaugurated. Through one of the 35 resolutions passed by the conference, <mask> was appointed commander-in-chief of the "Army of Liberation for India," i.e. the Indian National Army. Disagreements with Japan
Though <mask> had kept a good relationship with the members of Fujiwara Kikan, he was soon disenchanted with the headquarters of the Japanese Army and doubted their intentions based on their orders. It appeared that they wanted to use the Indian National Army only as a part of the Japanese army and were deliberately withholding recognition and public proclamation about its existence as an independent army. Some supreme commanders of the Japanese army had disagreements with him.On

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Mohan Singh
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title: Mohan Singh (general)

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 29 December 1942, <mask> was removed from his command and taken into custody by the Japanese military police. It was only after the arrival of another Indian leader of great political standing, Subhas Chandra Bose, from Germany to the Far-Eastern front in June 1943 that the Indian National Army was revived in the form of Azad Hind Fauj. However, <mask> could not be reinstated to the revived army. Upon Japan's defeat, <mask> was taken into custody by the British and repatriated to India to face trials. However, due to public pressure, roused by the INA Red Fort trials, <mask> was only cashiered from the Army. He subsequently served in the Indian Parliament as a member of the Rajya Sabha (Upper House). Post 1947
<mask> entered politics and joined the Indian National Congress in February 1947.His dream of independence was realized with India's Independence on 15 August 1947, but this was accompanied by the partition of the country into India and Pakistan. He had to leave his hearth and home in what then became Pakistan and came to India a homeless refugee. He was allotted some land in the village of Jugiana, near Ludhiana, where he settled permanently. After a stint as a legislator in the Punjab, he was elected to Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian Parliament, for two terms. In and out of Parliament he strove for the recognition of the members of his Azad Hind Fauj as "freedom fighters" in the cause of the nation's independence. Death
<mask> died at Jugiana on 26 December 1989. Notes

Bibliography

"<mask>, General, Soldiers Contribution to Indian Independence Delhi, 1974"
 .
.External links
General <mask> at the Sikh History. Indian Sikhs
Sikh warriors
Punjabi people
Indian generals
Indian revolutionaries
World War II political leaders
Indian National Army personnel
Rajya Sabha members from Punjab, India
1909 births
1989 deaths
Military history of Malaya during World War II
British Indian Army officers
Indian Army personnel of World War II
Indian prisoners of war
World War II prisoners of war held by Japan
Indian Military Academy

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Mohan Singh
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title: Richard of Saint Victor

texts:
<mask> of Saint <mask> (died 1173) was a Medieval Scottish philosopher and theologian and one of the most influential religious thinkers of his time. A canon regular, he was a prominent mystical theologian, and was prior of the famous Augustinian Abbey of Saint Victor in Paris from 1162 until his death in 1173. Life

Very little is known about the origins and upbringing of <mask> of Saint Victor. John of Toulouse wrote a short Vita of <mask> in the seventeenth century. He said that <mask> came from Scotland. John added that <mask> was received into the Abbey of St Victor by Abbot Gilduin (1114–1155) and was a student under Hugh of St Victor, the most influential of all Victorine teachers (implying that <mask> entered the community before Hugh's death in 1141). This account of <mask>'s early life is not accepted by all modern scholars, however, and some have suggested that <mask> entered the abbey after Hugh's death in 1141.All scholarship agrees, however, that <mask> was a magister during the 1150s, and was then promoted to subprior in 1159 (as stated by a document found at the abbey). He served under Achard of St. Victor's elected successor Ernisius, who was unworthy of the position. <mask>'s life was then burdened by the frustrations of working under a man who was ill-suited for his responsibilities. Ernisius wasted the abbey's resources on overly ambitious building projects and persecuted those who attempted to resist him. <mask> was allowed to keep his office but his influence was restricted. Things became so unbearable that an appeal was made to

masks: Richard Victor Richard Richard Richard Richard Richard Richard Richard Richard Richard Richard


title: Richard of Saint Victor

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 the Pope, who then visited <mask> in 1162. Through a multitude of transactions, Ernisius was eventually removed from his position and the Pope commended <mask> for his continued involvement in the matter.Letters from England written to <mask> show that he was in constant touch with English affairs and give evidence of the international character of intellectual life at this time. He was then promoted to prior in 1162, a position he held until his death on 10 March 1173. Writings

<mask> wrote extensively (Migne's Patrologia Latina contains 34 works attributed to him, and this is not <mask>'s full corpus). There are some problems with establishing the chronology of <mask>'s works. The earliest ones come before 1153, and the latest were written one or two years before his death. His earlier works are similar to the general teaching and writing of the period. His writing develops from basic exegesis, theology and philosophy to more of a study of purely spiritual questions.In his early writings he relies on the moral interpretations of previous theologians such as Augustine of Hippo, Bede, Pope Gregory I and Hugh. He later became more independent and strayed from Hugh's influence. There is some debate between historians about which of <mask>'s texts are the most influential and important. Because <mask>'s work covers many spheres of thought it is somewhat difficult to categorise his work. The Book of the Twelve Patriarchs, or Benjamin Minor
The Book of the Twelve Patriarchs, sometimes titled Benjamin Minor, is one of <mask> of Saint <mask>'s great works

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title: Richard of Saint Victor

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 on contemplation. It is not exactly known when it was written, but it would seem to date before 1162. <mask> specifies that this work is not a treatise on contemplation but rather prepares the mind for contemplation.The Mystical Ark, or Benjamin Major
The Mystical Ark, sometimes called Benjamin Major or The Grace of Contemplation completes this with the study of the mind in relation to prayer. However, in the last chapters of Benjamin Major, written later than the Minor, <mask> almost abandons his topic and the discussion of the teaching of mystical theology takes up a good portion of every remaining chapter. He is still attempting to instruct his followers on a text but he has also engaged himself in creating a system of mystical theology. De Trinitate
One of <mask>'s greatest works was the De Trinitate which was probably written while <mask> was prior, between 1162 and 1173. This is known because it incorporates pieces of theological text which editors are now finding in earlier works. De Trinitate is <mask>'s most independent and original study on dogmatic theology. It stems from the desire to show that dogmatic truths of Christian revelation are ultimately not against reason.<mask>'s theological approach stems from a profoundly mystical life of prayer, which in the Spirit seeks to involve the mind, in continuation with the Augustinian and Anselmian tradition. Owing to the fact that until recently this masterpiece has not been available in any English translation, its diffusion has been limited and its influence has seldom gone beyond 'Book III',

masks: Richard Richard Richard Richard Richard Richard


title: Richard of Saint Victor

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 condemning serious enquiry to an understanding of <mask>'s argument that is only partial. Finally, in 2011, through the efforts of Ruben Angelici's scholarship, the first, full translation of <mask>'s 'De Trinitate' has been released for publication in English and now this scholastic masterpiece is readily available to a wider audience to be appreciated in its entirety. Other Treatises and Works
<mask> wrote a massive handbook of biblical education entitled Liber Exceptionum (Book of Selections/Book of Notes), important scriptural commentaries, and many treatises. The Four Degrees of Violent Charity, composed about 1170, with its description of how vehement love leads to union with God and more perfect service of neighbour, has been of interest to writers interested in Christian mysticism. <mask>'s other treatises are a number of short works which mainly deal with textual difficulties and theological issues. Many of them can be grouped together with larger works.Some of them are correspondence between <mask> and his students while others seem to have been written at the request of friends. Although short, they are often interesting because they allow the modern reader to see the mentality of the students and the discussions and issues of the time. <mask> of Saint <mask>'s Commentary on Ezekiel is of special interest in the field of art history because the explanations laid out by the author are accompanied by illustrations. A number of copies have come down to us, none of which are dated, but they are written in a style attributable to the second

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title: Richard of Saint Victor

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 half of the twelfth century. Historiographical contributions
What makes <mask> of Saint-Victor stand out from other theologians of his time is that he approaches theological problems as more of a psychologist, contributing to 'a careful analysis of contemplative experiences.' Bibliography

Translations
Franklin T Harkins and Frans van Liere, eds, Interpretation of scripture: theory. A selection of works of Hugh, Andrew, <mask> and Godfrey of St Victor, and of Robert of Melun, (Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2012) [includes translation of selections from The book of notes, and selections from On the Apocalypse of John]
Hugh Feiss, ed, On love: a selection of works of Hugh, Adam, Achard, <mask> and Godfrey of St Victor, (Turnhout: Brepols, 2011) [includes A.B.Kraebel's translation of On the Four Degrees of Violent Love]
R. Angelici, <mask> of Saint Victor: On the Trinity. English Translation and Commentary (Eugene: Cascade, 2011)
Boyd Taylor Coolman and Dale M Coulter, eds, Trinity and creation: a selection of works of Hugh, <mask> and Adam of St Victor. (Turnhout: Brepols, 2010) [includes translation of <mask> of St Victor, On the Trinity]
<mask> of St Victor,  Twelve Patriarchs, Mystical Ark, Book Three of the Trinity.' Translation and introduction by Grover A. Zinn. Paulist Press, Toronto 1979. xviii + 425pp. [Translations & 50page introduction]
<mask> of St Victor, On the Trinity, Book One, trans. Jonathan Couser.[A translation of Book One of On the Trinity] http://pvspade.com/Logic/docs/StVictor.pdf
<mask> of St Victor, Selected Writings on

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title: Richard of Saint Victor

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 Contemplation. Translated with an introduction and notes by Clare Kirchberger. (London: Faber and Faber, 1957) [Contains extracts from the Twelve Patriarchs, The Mystical Ark, some notes on the Psalms and the Four degrees of Charity.] References

Further reading
P. Sicard. Iter Victorinum. La tradition manuscrite des œuvres de Hugues et de <mask> de <mask>-Victor. Répertoire complémentaire et études (Bibliotheca Victorina 24), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2015 ()
J. Bougerol.'The Church Fathers and Auctoritates in Scholastic Theology to Bonaventure', in The Reception of the Church Fathers in the West, 1997, pp. 289–335. W. Cahn, 'Architecture and Exegesis: <mask> of St.-Victor's Ezekiel Commentary and Its Illustrations' in The Art Bulletin,76, no.1, pp. 53–68. O. Davies. 'Later Medieval Mystics', in The Medieval Theologians, 2001, pp. 221–232.K. Emery. '<mask> of Saint Victor', in A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages, 2003, pp. 588–594. H. Feiss, 'Heaven in the Theology of Hugh, Achard and <mask> of Saint Victor', in Imagining Heaven in the Middle Ages,2000, pp. 145–163. P. Healy. 'The Mysticism of the School of Saint Victor' in Church History 1, 1932, pp.211–221. Spijker, 'Learning by Experience: Twelfth Century Monastic Ideas' in Centres of Learning, 1995, pp. 197–206. External links

Guide to <mask>, of Saint Victor, Religious Treatises. With: Hugo, Argentinensis, Compendium Theologicae Veritatis Manuscript, circa 1400 at the University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center

1173 deaths
12th-century Scottish

masks: Richard Saint Richard Richard Richard Richard


title: Ferrid Kheder

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<mask>  (born 3 March 1975) is a retired French judoka and mixed martial artist. A professional MMA competitor from 1995 until 2013, he fought for promotions such as M-1 Global and Jungle Fight. Judo career
<mask> began training judo in 1979 at the age of four. He went on to train with the French Team from 1993 to 2001, and in the Tunisia Team from 2001 to 2004. He won twice the Paris Grand Slam (1999 and 2000) and the Dusseldorf Grand Slam (2000 and 2002) .He won the european championship U21 in Spain (1995) and the European championship by Team (1996).He has medaled seven times in the Super World Cup (Grand Slam) and won many Opens and World Cups, he placed 3rd at the European championship in Poland (2000) and 7th at the 2000 Olympic Games. He holds a black belt in judo as well as a black belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Mixed martial arts career
In 2004 Kheder started to add Muay Thai and grappling training to his judo background to compete in MMA with Fighting Klub Team (FK TEAM).In 2005 he moved to Australia to continue his new journey. In 2007 while fighting in Australia, a manager from the US contacted him and recruited him to join Team Quest in California. He later became contracted under the Bellator organization. Between September 2008 and June 2011 <mask> won 13 of his 14 fights winning 11 fight by KO or Submission and losing only a decision (28-29) to Daisuke Nakamura at M-1 Global Presents Breakthrough on August 28,2009. His interest in BJJ grew through his MMA career during which he had the opportunity to train with some of the worlds best BJJ players. In 2015 he earned his black belt while living in San Diego. Today, his

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Ferrid Kheder
Kheder
Kheder