title: Charles Melville Hays

texts: lines.CNoR and CPR joined forces to gain control of the prairie traffic. The competition among the three railroads led to Canada's ending up with three transcontinental railways instead of one. This was to result in the GTP's being starved of traffic; even though it was arguably the best of the three, it ultimately failed to attract enough freight to make it profitable. After construction on the GTP began in 1905, <mask> started the Grand Trunk Pacific Development Company in order to purchase thousands of acres of land on which he established town sites along the route of the railway, including Melville, Saskatchewan, which was named after him. <mask>' vision went beyond the building of the railway. He also had plans for a fleet of ocean liners and a string of resort hotels across the Rocky Mountains. He hired the famed architect Francis Rattenbury from CPR to design a grand hotel, the Château Prince Rupert, at the westernmost stop on the railway.In 1909, only 3000 people lived in Prince Rupert, but anticipation of the railroad caused it to grow rapidly, despite the rapidly rising cost of property and the muddy environs. The city was incorporated in 1910. After Rivers Wilson retired as the railroad's president in 1909, <mask> was appointed to fill the position. By 1910, Grand Trunk union workers were demanding wages on par with those of railroad workers in the United States. A strike put a stop to construction. <mask> finally gave into the workers' demands but failed to re-hire 250 previously-fired strikers despite promising to do so. He also denied workers their pensions, causing one member of Parliament to describe him as "heartless, cruel, and tyrannical."By 1912, the cost of constructing the railway was increasing, with rising wages and price increases on materials, while the government refused to allow a rate increase. Another reason for the mounting costs was <mask>' insistence on "building to the very highest standards". Meanwhile, CNoR and CPR monopolized the

masks: Hays Hays Hays Hays Hays


title: Charles Melville Hays

type: original

texts:
 traffic in the west. In addition, Grand Trunk, which would be leasing the NTR from the government, was responsible for paying back the construction cost of that line. Hays began to fear insolvency. RMS Titanic

In April 1912, <mask> was in London soliciting financial support for the GTP. He was anxious to get back to Canada for the opening of the Château Laurier in Ottawa, Ontario, named after Prime Minister Laurier.The gala opening of this hotel was set for April 25, 1912. Hays had also received news that his daughter Louise was having difficulty with her pregnancy. Additionally, he might have had business with J. Bruce Ismay, chairman of the White Star Line; in any case, Ismay had invited Hays to join him on the RMS Titanic. <mask>, his wife, Clara, his daughter, Orian (see source note), his son-in-law, Thornton Davidson (son of <mask> Davidson), his secretary, Mr. Vivian Payne, and a maid, Miss Mary Anne Perreault, shared a deluxe suite (cabin B69) on B Deck, also known as the Bridge Deck. At 11:40 pm on April 14, 1912, Titanic struck an iceberg. Hays helped the women in his party into one of the ship's 20 lifeboats, but he, his son-in-law, and his secretary remained and perished when the ship sank, along with nearly 1,500 other Titanic passengers and crew. <mask> was reported to have made a prophetic remark on the evening of the disaster; deploring the way the steamship lines were competing to win passengers with ever-faster vessels, he is said to have commented, "The time will come soon when this trend will be checked by some appalling disaster."Some early sources, aware that one of the Hays daughters (Orian Davidson) was accompanying her parents, misidentified the daughter as "<mask>", who was actually a totally unrelated young woman, traveling with two female friends. Early newspaper reports incorrectly stated that Clara and <mask>, and Mrs. Thornton [Orian] Davidson disembarked the rescue ship in New York City together and boarded a train for Montreal,

<mask>

masks:
Hays
Hays
Charles Peers
Hays
Margaret Hays
Margaret Hays
Death Hays


title: Charles Melville Hays

texts:
 was a victim of the Titanic. <mask>' body was recovered from the waters of the North Atlantic by the Minia, and he was buried at Mount Royal Cemetery in Montreal. Two funerals were held for him on May 8, one at the American Presbyterian Church in Montreal, the other in London at the Church of St Edmund, King and Martyr. Legacy
<mask> died before he could see the GTP completed. He was eulogized as one of the greatest railwaymen in Canada, and work on the GTR was stopped for five minutes, on April 25, 1912, in his memory. The period in which Hays led the GTR was its most prosperous era.However, his policies led to the GTP's collapse in 1919. The company was placed in receivership, and the government seized GTR's stock. It was later alleged that <mask> had deceived the company's London directors in 1903 by committing them to conditions in the railway's agreements with the Canadian government for the building of the GTP to which they did not agree. That scheme was blamed for the company's collapse. The railroad car in which his body was transported back to Montreal is preserved at the Canadian Railway Museum, near Delson, Quebec. There is a statue of him in Prince Rupert, and the city of Melville, Saskatchewan, is named after him, as is the village of Haysport, British Columbia. Mount Hays, south of Prince Rupert, British Columbia is named for him.Charles Hays Secondary School in Prince Rupert is also named in his honour. Personal life
He was survived by his wife, Clara Jennings (née Gregg), whom he married in St. Louis, Missouri on October 13, 1881. They had four daughters: Orian (Mrs. Thornton Davidson, later Mrs. Robert N. Hickson), Clara (Mrs. Hope Scott), Marjorie (Mrs. George Hall), and Louise (Mrs. Grier). References

External links

1856 births
1912 deaths
People from Rock Island, Illinois
Deaths on the RMS Titanic
Grand Trunk Railway executives
Southern Pacific Railroad people
20th-century American railroad executives
19th-century American railroad

masks: Hays Hays Hays


title: Park Chanyeol

texts:
<mask>ol (born November 27, 1992), better known mononymously as Chanyeol, is a South Korean rapper,  singer, songwriter, producer, actor and model. He is a member of the South Korean-Chinese boy group Exo, its sub-group Exo-K and sub-unit Exo-SC. Apart from his group's activities, <mask> has also starred in various television dramas and movies such as So I Married an Anti-fan (2016), and Secret Queen Makers (2018). Early life
<mask> was born in Seoul, South Korea. He attended Hyundai High School in Apgujeong-dong, Seoul. He has an elder sister named <mask>o-ra, who is a former announcer at South Korean broadcasting station YTN, and MBC. Chanyeol was admitted to a private acting institution when he was sixteen years old, where he became good friends with Block B's P.O.After watching School of Rock in elementary school, Chanyeol became interested in music and soon began playing the drums. Chanyeol wanted to be a singer after listening to Unconditional Kismet by Yoo Young-jin. Chanyeol has cited Jason Mraz and Eminem as his biggest influences, though he was a fan of rock bands like Muse, Green Day, Nirvana, and X-Japan in middle school. Chanyeol became a trainee under SM Entertainment after winning second place in the 2008 Smart Model Contest. While training under S.M., he began to turn his focus towards rapping. Prior to his debut, Chanyeol made cameo appearances in TVXQ's "HaHaHa Song" music video and Girls' Generation's "Genie" music video in 2008 and 2010 respectively. Career

2012–14: Career beginnings

Chanyeol became the last Exo member to be officially

masks:
Park Chan ye
Chanyeol
Park Chanyeol
Park Yo


title: Park Chanyeol

texts:
 introduced to the public on February 23, 2012.He possesses a baritone singing voice. The group official debuted on April 8 with the extended play Mama. He made a guest appearance in Girls' Generation-TTS's music video for their debut single "Twinkle". In October 2013, Chanyeol joined the cast of SBS' reality TV show Law of the Jungle during its filming in Micronesia. He also composed and recorded an original soundtrack titled "Last Hunter" for the show in 2015 after rejoining the show. In 2014, Chanyeol wrote the rap for the Korean version of the track "Run" from Exo's second extended play Overdose and was featured in label-mates Henry's second extended play and Zhou Mi's debut EP. In May 2014, he became a regular cast member of the first season of SBS' reality TV show Roommate.He left the show in September 2014 due to schedule conflicts. 2015–present: Acting, songwriting and Exo-SC

In April 2015, <mask> made his big screen debut with a supporting role in the South Korean film Salut d'Amour, which starred <mask>-hyung and Youn Yuh-jung. He later starred as the male lead alongside actress Moon Ga-young and fellow Exo members in the web-drama Exo Next Door. In June 2015, <mask>, along with fellow Exo members Chen and Lay, co-wrote the Korean version of the track "Promise" from Love Me Right, the re-released version of Exo's second studio album. He later wrote the rap for "Lightsaber", Exo's promotional single for Star Wars: The Force Awakens, which was subsequently included in their third extended play Sing for You. In April 2016, <mask> wrote and performed the rap

masks:
Chanyeol
Park Geun
Chanyeol
Chanyeol


title: Park Chanyeol

texts: for the song "Confession" from Yesung's debut extended play. In Exo's third studio album Ex'Act, which was released in May 2016, he co-wrote the lyrics for the track "Heaven".In June 2016, <mask> starred alongside Yuan Shanshan and label-mate Seohyun in the South Korean-Chinese film So I Married an Anti-fan. He and Yuan Shanshan also recorded a duet titled "I Hate You" as the theme song for the movie. In October 2016, Chanyeol and American R&B singer Tinashe were featured in American hip hop group Far East Movement and American electronic musician Marshmello's song "Freal Luv". In December 2016, <mask> and South Korean singer Punch collaborated on an original soundtrack titled "Stay With Me" for tvN's drama Guardian: The Lonely and Great God. The song reached number three on South Korea's Gaon Digital Chart. In January 2017, Chanyeol played a supporting role in MBC's drama Missing 9. In February 2017, it was reported that he had allegedly registered himself as a music producer under the pen name "LOEY" with the Korea Music Copyright Association.Later in February, Chanyeol collaborated with South Korean singer Junggigo on a duet titled "Let Me Love You". In May 2018, it was announced that <mask> would be playing the supporting role of Jung Se-joo, Hee-joo's younger brother in tvN's drama Memories of the Alhambra. On September 14, 2018, <mask> with fellow Exo member Sehun released a collaborative single, "We Young", for SM Station X 0. On April 25, 2019, he released his first solo song "SSFW" through SM Station. On June 28, it was confirmed that <mask> along with his

masks: Chanyeol Chanyeol Chanyeol Chanyeol Chanyeol


title: Bar Kappara

texts:
<mask>ra () was a rabbi of the late 2nd  and early 3rd century CE, during the period between the tannaim and amoraim. He was active in Caesarea in the Land of Israel, from around 180 to 220 CE. His name, meaning "Son of Kapparah", was taken from his father, Eleazar ha-Kappar. He was one of the students of R' Judah haNasi, and an Amora of the first generation. He was a talented poet and storyteller, and it is said that at the wedding feast of Simeon, the son of Rebbi, he kept the guests captivated with fables until their food got cold. However, his satirical wit (he once ridiculed the son-in-law of Rebbi by telling him to ask Rebbi a riddle that really was an insulting criticism of Rebbi's household), lost him the chance to be ordained. Name
His full name was Eleazar (there seems to be no ground for the form "Eliezer") ben Eleazar ha-Kappar.This is the form appearing in the tannaite sources, Tosefta and Sifre; the usual Talmudic form, "Bar Kappara," and the frequent appellation, "Eleazar ha-Kappar Berabbi", are abbreviations of this. According to a later source, his given name was Shimon rather than Eleazar. Biography

<mask> was a pupil of Judah haNasi. His teachers seem to also include R. Nathan the Babylonian and R. Jeremiah ben Eleazar (probably identical with the Jeremiah mentioned in the Mekhilta and Sifre). Conflict with Judah haNasi

<mask> and R' Judah haNasi seem to have been opposites in personality, with Judah haNasi's princely grandeur

masks:
Bar Kappa
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappara


title: Bar Kappara

texts:
 contrasting with <mask>'s poetic abandon and vivacious attitude. Perhaps as a result, the two are recorded as coming in conflict in various ways. Judah initially refused to invite <mask> to the wedding of Judah's son Shimon, and after Judah changed his mind, <mask>ra went on to mock Judah at the wedding.According to another source, <mask>ra took revenge in a different manner:  At the feast which Judah subsequently gave in <mask>'s honor, the latter told a vast number of fox fables (300, it is reported) and the guests left the food untouched in order to listen to him. On another occasion, <mask>ra belittled Judah in the presence of Judah's son Simon. Judah, upon hearing of this from his son, informed <mask> of his firm resolve never to grant him ordination. The Jerusalem Talmud tells a slightly different version of this story, where <mask>ra prompted Judah's ignorant son-in-law Ben Elasah to ask Judah the following riddle:
"High from Heaven her eye looks down; Constant strife excites her frown; Winged beings shun her sight; She puts youth to instant flight; The aged, too, her aspect scout; Oh! oh! the fugitive cries out. And by her snares whoever is lured, Shall never more from sin be cured!"When Judah turned round after hearing the riddle, he discovered <mask> smiling, and exclaimed: "I do not recognize you, old one!" (meaning also, "I do not recognize you as an elder, a sage!"). <mask> understood from this that he would never receive ordination. What

masks:
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappa
Bar Kappa
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappa
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappa
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappara


title: Bar Kappara

texts:
 the riddle really signifies is not known, despite many attempts to explain it. The most probable view is Abraham Krochmal's, that <mask> intended it as a criticism of Judah's unrelenting severity toward young and old. The verse is notable as an example of Hebrew poetry in Talmudic times; its few lines may be the sole testimony to the activity of the Jews of that time in secular poetry. Its language is classic, but not slavishly so; forceful and pure, yet easy and flowing.Curiously, the one other preserved example of <mask>'s poetry is the eloquent words in which he proclaimed Judah haNasi's death to the assembled people of Sepphoris: "Brethren of the house of Jedaiah [an epithet of the inhabitants of Sepphoris], listen to me! Mortals and angels have long been wrestling for the possession of the holy tablets of the Law; the angels have conquered. They have captured the tablets". <mask>'s presence in Sepphoris suggests that, despite Judah's attitude toward him, he appreciated his great obligations to his teacher; and that his grief for Judah's death was sincere. Activity in Caesarea
His conflicts with Judah haNasi induced him to leave the Galilee for Caesarea. The academy he set up there came to be a serious rival of Judah haNasi's. Among the most important of its scholars were Hoshayah, "the father of the Mishnah", and Joshua ben Levi, the distinguished aggadist, who to a large extent transmitted <mask>'s aggadic teachings.The greatest admirers of Judah

masks:
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappara


title: Bar Kappara

texts:
 haNasi and supporters of Judah's patriarchial house, Hanina bar Hama and Johanan ben Nappaha, could not refrain from acknowledging <mask>ra's greatness. It is related of him that once while walking on the mole of Caesarea and seeing a Roman that had escaped from shipwreck in utter destitution, he took him to his house and provided him with clothing and all necessaries, including money. Later this castaway became proconsul of Caesarea, and occasion soon offered itself to show his gratitude to his rescuer, when Jews involved in a political disturbance were arrested, and he released them on <mask> Kappara's intervention. Upon <mask>ra's death, Rabbi Yohanan went to Parod (פרוד or פארוד) in order to question people who may have remembered sayings that were passed down in the name of Bar Kappara. Nothing further is known of this place; Bacher suggests it may have been a suburb of Caesarea. Teachings
<mask>ra was particularly known to the amoraim as the author of a compilation called the Mishnah of Bar Kappara. This work has not been preserved, and probably at the final redaction of the Talmud it was no longer extant.In fact, it is questionable whether the work ever reached Babylonia, as the one passage in the Bavli referring to it originated with Shimon ben Lakish, a Yerushalmi. In any case, the numerous passages from his Mishnah that found their way into the Talmud suffice for judgment upon its character. Menachem Meiri quite correctly designates it as a

masks:
Bar Kappa
Bar
Bar Kappa
Bar Kappa


title: Bar Kappara

texts: supplement to the Mishnah of Judah haNasi, intended chiefly to explain it, and, on rare occasions, to give differing opinions (see Baraita). It also presented variants to Judah haNasi's Mishnah, and later on became occasionally so interwoven in the text of the latter that doubt arose whether the Mishnah in question belonged to the one or to the other. The Mishnah of Bar Kappara was also used by the redactor of the Tosefta, who derived many decisions from it. Is. Halevy, however, denies the existence of Bar Kappara's Mishnah, without sufficient reason.<mask> ascribed great value to the study of astronomy: "He who can calculate the solstices and movements of the planets and fails to pay attention to these things, to him may be applied the verse (Isaiah 5:12) 'They regard not the works of the Lord, nor the operation of his hands". This statement is particularly striking when compared to his opinion about the obligation to study Torah: that a Jew who reads just two portions from the Torah daily—one in the morning and one in the evening—fulfills the commandment to meditate in God's law by day and night. <mask> appreciated not only natural science, but also the Greek love of the beautiful. He explained Genesis 9:27 as follows: "The words of the Torah should be recited in the speech of Japheth (i.e. Greek) in the tents of Shem (i.e. in the synagogues and schools)". <mask>'s respect for the exact sciences was equaled by his aversion for metaphysical

masks:
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappara
Bar Kappara


title: Bar Kappara

texts:
 speculation, which in his time flourished among Jews and Christians in the form of gnosis.Referring to Deuteronomy 4:32 ("Ask now of the past days, which were before you, since the day that God created man on the earth") <mask>ra says, "Seek to know only of those days that followed Creation; but seek not to know what went before". The Jerusalem Talmud contains a prayer he wrote and included in the repetition of the 18th section of Thanksgiving in the Amidah. The sayings of <mask>ra regarding the incense offering (qetoret) are recited thrice daily by Sephardi Jews (before and after Shacharit, and before Mincha); twice daily by Hasidic Jews (before Shacharit, and before Mincha); and once daily by Ashkenazi Jews (before Shacharit). Quotes
 Which is a brief passage upon which all fundamentals of the Torah are dependent? "In all your ways acknowledge Him, and He will direct your paths" (Proverbs 3:6). A man should always teach his son a clean and easy profession. References

 Encyclopaedia Judaica, 1972, Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem, Israel.Sefer Ha-Aggadah (Book of Legends), 1992, Schocken, New York. Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography
 Bacher, Agada der Tannaiten, ii. 503–520 (for other passages in the same, see the Index);
 Brüll, Mebo ha-Mishnah, i. 244, 289–292;
 Frankel, Darke ha-Mishnah, p. 313;
 idem, Mebo, 20a et seq., 71a;
 Grätz, Gesch. der Juden, 4th ed., iv. 198, 199, 211;
 Hamburger, Supplement to R. B. T. pp. 36–38;
 Kohan, in Ha-Asif,

masks:
Bar Kappa
Bar Kappa


title: Bar Kappara

texts:
 iii.330–333 (Kohan here first pointed out the identity of <mask> with Eleazar ben Eleazar ha-Ḳappar);
 Abraham Krochmal, in He-Ḥaluẓ, ii. 84;
 Rapoport, in Literaturblatt des Orients, i. 38, 39;
 Reifmann, Pesher Dabar;
 Weiss, Dor Dor we-Dorshaw, ii. 191, 219. 2nd-century births
3rd-century deaths
2nd-century rabbis
3rd-century rabbis
Mishnah rabbis
Talmud rabbis of the Land of


title: Marina Schuster

texts:
<mask> (born 23 September 1975) is a German politician of the liberal Free Democratic Party. Political career
<mask> was a member of the Deutscher Bundestag for two consecutive terms, from 2005 to 2013. In the 17th Legislative Term of the Bundestag she was spokeswoman on human rights and humanitarian aid for the Free Democratic Party (FDP) parliamentary group. Her current committee assignments included the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Human Rights and Humanitarian Aid, both providing oversight on all activities of the German Foreign Office. During her first term, between 2005 and 2009, <mask> also served as a deputy member of the committees on consumer protection and home affairs. <mask> also served as deputy chair of the German-Egyptian Parliamentary Friendship Group. An expert on African politics, she regularly accompanied chancellor Angela Merkel as well as cabinet ministers Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Guido Westerwelle, and Dirk Niebel on official trips to the continent.<mask> was also active in the Council of Europe. From 2009 she was member of the German delegation at the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, succeeding Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger who went on to become minister of justice in the Second Merkel cabinet. In this capacity, <mask> also held the position of First Vice-Chairperson of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights and was a member of the Monitoring Committee. In 2010, she was elected Vice-Chairperson of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. She was part of an observer mission during the 2011 election for a constituent assembly following the Tunisian revolution. In 2013, she was named General Rapporteur on the abolition of the death penalty. During her tenure as parliamentarian, <mask> served on the boards of several organizations, including the German Foundation for Peace Research and the German Institute for Development Evaluation (DEval).Today, she sits on the

masks:
Marina Schuster
Schuster
Schuster
Schuster
Schuster
Schuster
Schuster


title: Marina Schuster

texts:
 boards of the Hirschfeld Eddy Foundation, an organization focused on human rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people; the United Nations Association of Germany (UNA-Germany); and the German Africa Foundation. She is a member of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik. Political positions

Human rights
During her tenure as parliamentarian, <mask> has been particularly vocal about the importance of adhering to the international human rights treaties and has repeatedly coauthored parliamentary motions condemning human rights abuses in Russia, Belarus, and Iran, among others. Along with Bernard Kouchner and Bill Richardson, <mask> was among the signatories of an open letter to Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, published on 14 December 2010 in the Financial Times, urging him to end the persecution of Mikhail Khodorkovsky and Platon Lebedev as well as to find justice for Sergey Magnitsky, Anna Politkovskaya, Natalya Estemirova, Stanislav Markelov, among others. In 2012, she joined the Justice for Sergei Magnitsky Interparliamentary Group, an international network including parliamentarians from Britain, Canada, Estonia, Germany, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden. In the discussion on a European version of the Magnitsky Act, <mask> believes that "targeted travel sanctions against officials who are proven to have played a role" could be helpful if the Magnitsky case remains unresolved. On various occasions, <mask> has publicly denounced prominent cases of political prisoners, including former Belarus presidential candidate Andrei Sannikov; Russian punk-rock band Pussy Riot; Turkish pianist and composer Fazıl Say; and Ukrainian politicians Heorhiy Filipchuk, Yuriy Lutsenko, and Yulia Tymoshenko.<mask> supports same-sex marriage and has in the past voiced criticism against countries that fail to sufficiently protect their LGBT communities, such as in Uganda, Cameroon, and Russia. Under the umbrella of the German parliaments’ godparenthood program for human rights

masks: Schuster Schuster Schuster Schuster Schuster


title: Marina Schuster

texts:
 activists, <mask> has been raising awareness for the work of persecuted Zimbabwean activists Jestina Mukoko, Jenni Williams, and Farai Maguwu since 2011. Also in 2011, she took on a prisoner’s godparenthood for Belarusian youth activist Pavel Vinahradau. Africa
<mask>’s views on the relationship between Europe and Africa reflect her party’s critical stance toward traditional development aid as a means of sustainable growth. She opposes budget support to African governments and favors unfettered access by African exports to the European market. <mask> aims at improving ties with the African Union. She has in the past voted for United Nations peacekeeping missions on the continent as well as increased support measures regarding police and military training in order to help African efforts to build up their own security structures, such as in Somalia (2008 and 2009), Sudan (2009), Darfur/Sudan (2007, 2008 and 2011), Democratic Republic of Congo (2011), South Sudan (2012), and Mali (2013).She was one of the initiators of the German government’s coordinated concept for African policies with a focus on topics rather than on regions. Arms control
<mask> has been supportive of the Control Arms Campaign's efforts to create an Arms Trade Treaty as well as of Handicap International's fight against land mine. She supported the move by Germany and other nations to place disarmament high in the strategic concept agreed upon during NATO's 2010 Lisbon summit. References

External links
 Official site
 Biography on German Bundestag website
 Interview on BBC Radio 4

1975 births
Living people
University of Regensburg alumni
Free Democratic Party (Germany) politicians
German libertarians
Female members of the Bundestag
Members of the Bundestag for Bavaria
German human rights activists
Women human rights activists
Council of Europe people
People from Roth (district)
21st-century German women politicians
Members of the Bundestag 2009–2013
Members of the Bundestag 2005–2009
Members of the Bundestag for the Free Democratic

masks: Schuster Schuster Schuster Schuster


title: André Fabre

texts: <mask> (born 9 December 1945) is a French thoroughbred horse racing trainer. The son of a diplomat, Fabre graduated from university with a law degree but then decided to pursue a career in thoroughbred horse racing. He began by working in the stables as a groom then as a schooling rider. He became France's leading jump jockey, winning more than two hundred and fifty races including the Grand Steeple-Chase de Paris. When he turned to training horses, Fabre proved even more successful, first with jump horses then with flat racers. He has been the champion trainer in France on 24 occasions, including 21 straight years from 1987 to 2007, and is one of the most successful trainers in the world, winning across Europe and North America including four Breeders' Cup races. Among the many champions Fabre has trained are Trempolino, Peintre Celebre, and two horses ranked No.1 in the world, Hurricane Run (2005) and Manduro (2007).


title: Edgard Varèse

texts:
<mask> (; also spelled Edgar; December 22, 1883 – November 6, 1965) was a French-born composer who spent the greater part of his career in the United States. Varèse's music emphasizes timbre and rhythm. He coined the term "organized sound" in reference to his own musical aesthetic. Varèse's conception of music reflected his vision of "sound as living matter" and of "musical space as open rather than bounded". He conceived the elements of his music in terms of "sound-masses", likening their organization to the natural phenomenon of crystallization. Varèse thought that "to stubbornly conditioned ears, anything new in music has always been called noise", and he posed the question, "what is music but organized noises?" Although his complete surviving works only last about three hours, he has been recognised as an influence by several major composers of the late 20th century.Varèse saw potential in using electronic media for sound production, and his use of new instruments and electronic resources led to his being known as the "Father of Electronic Music" whilst Henry Miller described him as "The stratospheric Colossus of Sound". Varèse actively promoted performances of works by other 20th-century composers and founded the International Composers' Guild in 1921 and the Pan-American Association of Composers in 1926. Life and career

Early life
<mask> Victor Achille Charles Varèse was born in Paris; when he was a few weeks old, he was sent to be raised by his maternal great-uncle and other relations in the village of Le Villars in the Burgundy region of France. There he developed a very strong attachment to his maternal

masks:
Edgard Victor Achille Charles Varèse
Edgard


title: Edgard Varèse

texts:
 in dialogue with a new generation of composers, such as Pierre Boulez and Luigi Dallapiccola.When he returned to France to finalize the tape sections of Déserts, Pierre Schaeffer helped arrange for suitable facilities. The first performance of the combined orchestral and tape sound composition came as part of an ORTF broadcast concert, between pieces by Mozart and Tchaikovsky and received a hostile reaction. Le Corbusier was commissioned by Philips to present a pavilion at the 1958 World Fair and insisted (against the sponsors' resistance) on working with Varèse, who developed his Poème électronique for the venue, where it was heard by an estimated two million people. Using 400 speakers separated throughout the interior, Varèse created a sound and space installation geared towards experiencing sound as it moves through space. Received with mixed reviews, this piece challenged audience expectations and traditional means of composing, breathing life into electronic synthesis and presentation. In 1962, he was asked to join the Royal Swedish Academy of Music, and in 1963 he received the premier Koussevitzky International Recording Award. In 1965, <mask> Varese was awarded the Edward MacDowell Medal by the MacDowell Colony.Musical influences
In his formative years, Varèse was greatly impressed by Medieval and Renaissance music – in his career, he founded and conducted several choirs devoted to this repertoire – as well as the music of Alexander Scriabin, Erik Satie, Claude Debussy, Hector Berlioz and Richard Strauss. There are also clear influences or reminiscences of Stravinsky's early works, specifically Petrushka and The


title: Edgard Varèse

texts:
 that would be able to perform music as soon as a composer inputs his score. These machines would be able to play "any number of frequencies," and therefore the score of the future would need to be "seismographic" in order to illustrate their full potential. In 1939, he expanded on this concept, declaring that with this machine "anyone will be able to press a button to release music exactly as the composer wrote it—exactly like opening up a book."Varèse would not realize these predictions until his tape experiments in the 1950s and 1960s. Idée fixe
Some of <mask> Varèse's works, particularly Arcana make use of the idée fixe, a fixed theme, repeated certain times in a work. The idée fixe was most famously used by Hector Berlioz in his Symphonie fantastique; it is generally not transposed, differentiating it from the leitmotiv, used by Richard Wagner. (Excerpts from lectures by Varèse, compiled and edited with footnotes by Chou Wen-chung.) Partly reprinted in

Further reading
 "Varese, Ultra-Modernist Composer, Prophesies Symphonies in 'Space'". The Lewiston Daily Sun. December 8, 1936.Bodian, Alan. "Varese of Sullivan Street – A Composer with a Future". The Village Voice. October 10, 1956. "Library Honors Edgar Varese". The Village Voice. December 4, 1957.Entretiens avec Edgar Varèse par  (1954–1955), 2CD INA coll. Mémoire Vive (2007)
  Also available as 2 CDs with Déserts by <mask>, Orchestre National de France, Hermann Scherchen conductor, ASIN B001KMZ3ZO. External links

 "Theremin Cello is back. An interview with Olivia Mattis" by Valerio Saggini, thereminvox.com, 9 October 2002
 "A Letter to Leon Theremin (5

masks:
Edgard
Edgar Varèse


title: Edgard Varèse

texts:
 May 1941)" by <mask> <mask>, thereminvox.com, 9 October 2002
 OHM – The Early Gurus of Electronic Music: Varese
 SoNHoRS: Edgard Varèse (in French)
 Excerpts from sound archives of Varèse's works
 "A Musical Tribute to Edgar Varèse, April 17, 1981" by Marcos Sueiro and Alex Ambrose, WNYC, 9 September 2014

1883 births
1965 deaths
French emigrants to the United States
20th-century classical composers
French opera composers
Male opera composers
Experimental composers
Conservatoire de Paris alumni
French people of Italian descent
French classical composers
French male classical composers
Modernist composers
Musicians from Paris
People from Greenwich Village
Schola Cantorum de Paris alumni
Pupils of Albert Roussel
Pupils of Charles-Marie Widor
20th-century French composers
20th-century French male musicians
Members of the International Composers'

masks: Edgard Varèse


title: Darren Way

texts: <mask> (born 21 November 1979) is an English professional football manager and former player who is currently the under-18s manager at Plymouth Argyle. A hard tackling centre-midfielder as a player, <mask> started his career at Norwich City as an associate schoolboy in 1994, and while there was selected for the England U16 side making six appearances. He progressed through the youth ranks to captain the reserve side and earn a professional contract at Carrow Road but was released in the summer of 2000 after failing to make a first team appearance. Following his release <mask> returned to the South West and signed for Football Conference side Yeovil Town. While playing for Yeovil in the Conference he was called up several times to the England National Game XI side making three appearances, scoring once. A firm fans favourite during his time at Yeovil as a player, affectionately nicknamed "Weasel" by the fans, he scored twelve goals in his first season as the club narrowly missed out on promotion to the Football League before forming a strong partnership with fellow central midfielder Lee Johnson he was part of the side that won the FA Trophy, earned promotion to the Football League for the first time in the club's history and promotion to League One in 2005. <mask>'s performances in the 2004–05 season saw him recognised by his fellow professionals and awarded a place in the League Two team of the year.<mask> left the Glovers, in January 2006, after five and a half years to sign for Swansea City for a fee of £150,000. His time in South Wales though was plagued with injuries, during one of his recoveries from injury he returned to Yeovil on loan for six weeks. In the summer of 2008, <mask> left Swansea having made only 21 appearances and returned to Yeovil. In December 2008, <mask> was involved in a serious car accident whilst a passenger in a car, leaving him with injuries which included a broken femur and broken hip. The accident ended his playing career, having made 274 appearances across three spells for Yeovil, and in February 2010 he announced his

masks:
Darren Way
Way
Way
Way
Way
Way
Way


title: Darren Way

texts:
 retirement and became the club's new first team coach. After five years as the club's first team coach, and briefly acting assistant manager, <mask> was appointed interim manager following the sacking of Paul Sturrock, on 1 December 2015. After six games in an interim role, <mask> was officially appointed as Yeovil's manager on 31 December 2015.<mask> spent three years in charge of The Glovers guiding the club to 19th, 20th and 19th-place finishes respectively but with the club facing the threat of relegation out of the Football League he was sacked in March 2019. Playing career

Norwich City
Born in Plymouth, Devon, he was part of the Plymouth Argyle centre of excellence, before at the age of fourteen he chose to sign for Norwich City as an associate schoolboy, having been scouted by Gordon Bennett, whilst rejecting offers from Everton and Bristol City. <mask> spent the next two years travelling from Plymouth to Norwich, spending seven hours there and seven hours back on the train each weekend, along with future Wales international and Liverpool striker Craig Bellamy who he used to meet in Bristol. While progressing through the youth ranks at Norwich, <mask> played for the England schoolboys side on six occasions, alongside Steven Gerrard and Michael Owen. In May 1999, <mask> signed a one-year professional contract and sat on the bench for a number of first team matches. Having only made six appearances for the reserve side in the 1999–2000 season, in March 2000, <mask> was informed by Norwich manager Bryan Hamilton that he would be released at the end of the season. Following this <mask> had a trial with Second Division side Bristol Rovers playing a game for their reserve side.On 26 April 2000, he was released from his contract having not made an appearance for the Norwich first team. Yeovil Town
In May 2000, following his release by Norwich, <mask> played in a trial match for Plymouth Argyle, before returning to link up with Bristol Rovers for pre-season training including going on a team-building trip to Dublin, but despite manager Ian Holloway

masks: Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way


title: Darren Way

texts: wanting to sign <mask>, no contract was forthcoming. Having failed to win a contract with Rovers he also had a brief trial at Stevenage. His father then organised him a trial with Football Conference side Yeovil Town after talking to assistant Steve Thompson and reserve team manager Maurice O'Donnell, <mask> featured in a reserve team friendly 9–1 victory against Minehead in early August 2000. On 18 August 2000, Yeovil manager David Webb signed <mask> on a two-year contract, linking up with former Norwich youth teammate Barrington Belgrave. With manager Webb describing <mask> as "a talented midfield schemer". <mask> made his Yeovil debut the following day, on 19 August 2000, in a 2–0 victory over Kettering Town as a substitute for captain Terry Skiverton.<mask> scored his first goal for Yeovil with a penalty kick against Nuneaton Borough in a 2–0 victory, on 2 September 2000. <mask> immediately became a fans favourite at Yeovil earning the moniker "Weasel" to describe his hard working attitude. <mask> was part of the Yeovil side who progressed to the third round of the FA Cup, defeating Football League sides Colchester United 5–1 at home with <mask> scoring a penalty, and Blackpool 1–0 away with <mask> providing the assist for Nick Crittenden's winning goal. In the third round Yeovil travelled to Premier League side Bolton Wanderers and took the lead before succumbing to an injury time defeat. <mask> ended his first season with the club having made 51 appearances in all competitions, scoring twelve times, as Yeovil narrowly missed out on the Conference title. His performances in the Yeovil midfield led to his inclusion, alongside teammates Terry Skiverton and Nick Crittenden, in the 2000–01 Conference team of the year. The end of the season saw manager Colin Addison forced out by chairman John Fry, with the club hiring Gary Johnson as his replacement, this heralded the arrival of his son Lee Johnson with whom <mask> would form a formidable midfield partnership.In November 2001, <mask> was called up for an England National Game XI trial match against

masks: Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way


title: Darren Way

texts: a Southern Football League XI, but had to withdraw through injury. <mask>'s season was interrupted by injuries as he made 34 appearances as Yeovil finished third in the Conference. Yeovil's season ended on a high when on 12 May 2002, they lifted the FA Trophy for the first time in the club's history defeating Stevenage Borough 2–0 in the final, with <mask> playing the full 90 minutes. The new season saw Yeovil allocate squad numbers for the first time in the club's history with <mask> wearing the number six shirt. After a strong start to the season, in November 2002, <mask> received his first call-up to the England National Game XI for an under-23 friendly against their Italian counterparts, with <mask> making his debut as a second-half substitute. The 2002–03 season saw Yeovil crowned Conference champions and secure promotion to the Football League for the first time in the club's history, <mask> made 48 appearances, but had to wait until 12 April 2003 for his first and only goal of the season. Scoring the opener in a 4–0 win away at Doncaster Rovers, on the day Yeovil celebrated promotion.The end of the season saw <mask> called up to the England National Game XI for the Four Nations Tournament, <mask> appeared in the first two matches, scoring the winner against holders Wales, as England won the title. <mask> was one of four Yeovil players chosen in the Conference team of the year at the end of season Conference AGM. On 9 August 2003, with club captain Terry Skiverton out injured <mask> captained Yeovil in their first ever match in the Football League, a 3–1 victory away at Rochdale. In November 2003, <mask> suffered a stress fracture in his shin bone, the first occurrence of an injury which would plague him later in his career. Yeovil ended their first season in the Football League finishing in eighth place, missing out on a play-off place on goal difference, with <mask> scoring five times in 44 appearances in all competitions. <mask> missed only one league match the following season as Yeovil won the League Two title and promotion, at the end of


title: Darren Way

texts:
 the season <mask> was one of five Yeovil players in PFA League Two Team of the Year. <mask> was also part of the Yeovil's historic run to the FA Cup fourth round that season, for only the second time in the club's history, scoring in the 3–0 third round victory away at Championship side Rotherham United.With the run coming to an end losing 3–2 away at Premier League side Charlton Athletic. His first season in League One saw <mask> make sixteen appearances for Yeovil, before he suffered a fractured cheekbone and eye socket in a match against Gillingham in October 2005. The injury kept him out for a month but <mask> would only make two more appearances for Yeovil, scoring on his return in the FA Cup victory over Macclesfield Town on 15 November 2005, "with a spectacular shot from distance". In what turned out to be his final match for Yeovil ironically against Swansea City, <mask> suffered a recurrence of his shin injury which ruled him out until January. In January 2006, <mask> left Yeovil just a week after his midfield partner Lee Johnson to Hearts, as the Conference winning side began to be broken up. Swansea City
On 20 January 2006, with his contract running out at the end of the season <mask> signed for fellow League One side Swansea City for an initial fee of around £150,000, signing on a three-and-a-half-year contract. <mask> made his debut for Swansea four days later in a 2–2 draw against Walsall in the Football League Trophy.After making only eight appearances for his new club, three in Swansea's victorious Football League Trophy campaign, in March 2006 <mask> suffered a recurrence of his shin injury and was ruled out for the rest of the season. After recovering from injury an enjoying a run in the Swansea side at the start of the 2006–07 season, <mask> once again suffered a recurrence of his shin fracture having surgery for a third time in March 2007. Loan to Yeovil Town
On 15 November 2007, <mask> rejoined fellow League One side Yeovil Town on loan from Swansea until 1 January 2008, in an effort to regain match fitness after recovering from

masks: Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way Way


title: Darren Way

texts:
 a shin injury which had prevented him from playing for Swansea's first team for over a year. After appearing in eight matches, despite Yeovil wanting to extend his loan <mask>, returned to Swansea. Return to Swansea City
Upon his return from his loan at Yeovil, <mask> made a further four appearances for Swansea as the Welsh side were promoted to the Championship, Making his final appearance on 26 April 2008, in a 4–1 victory over Leyton Orient. In his two-and-a-half injury plagued years at Swansea, <mask> made just 21 appearances, and only six starts in the league. Yeovil Town
On 8 July 2008, <mask> rejoined League One side Yeovil Town for a third-spell signing from Swansea City on a two-year contract, for a small fee "worth up to £50,000" equivalent to the conditional waiver of money the Glovers were owed by Swansea after the Welsh club secured promotion to the Championship at the end of the 2007–08 season.Yeovil manager Russell Slade described the signing as "one of the most important signings in the club's history". <mask> started the season well making 19 appearances in all competitions, scoring twice a late equaliser against Brighton & Hove Albion and the winner against Crewe Alexandra. His season though, and subsequently his career, was ended prematurely after he was involved in a severe car accident, on 17 December 2008. In Yeovil's match against Swindon Town three days later, Lee Peltier scorer of Yeovil's second, in a 3–2 victory, celebrated by revealing a message under his shirt showing support for <mask>. During his lengthy recovery, <mask> made his first appearance coming on as a substitute for the final seconds in his best friend Terry Skiverton's testimonial match, in July 2009. <mask> finally announced his retirement from playing thirteen months after his car accident in February 2010. On 23 July 2010, <mask> made his final playing appearance for Yeovil as a late substitute in his testimonial match against a Manchester United XI.Managerial career

Yeovil Town
During his recovery from his serious traffic accident in December 2008,


title: Darren Way

texts: <mask> acted unofficially as a backroom coach and scout for Yeovil, and after his retirement, in February 2010, Yeovil manager and his former teammate Terry Skiverton offered him a role as the club's technical coach. After the demoting of Terry Skiverton to assistant manager and the return of Gary Johnson in January 2012, <mask> remained in his role as technical coach. <mask> was involved in his third promotion with Yeovil as they defeated Brentford 2–1 to win the 2013 Football League One play-off Final and earn promotion to the Championship for the first time in the club's history. Following the club's promotion <mask>, along with Johnson and Skiverton, signed a new two-year contract, after his agreement of a new contract the title of <mask>'s role was changed to first team coach. Following the sacking of Gary Johnson in February 2015, with the club bottom of League One, <mask> was promoted to acting assistant manager to Terry Skiverton. Having failed to arrest the club's plight and with them all but confirmed as relegated from League Two, the club demoted Skiverton and <mask> back to their assistant and first team coaches roles respectively, hiring Paul Sturrock as the club's new first team manager. On 1 December 2015, with the club bottom of League Two and having not won in twelve league matches Sturrock was sacked and <mask> placed in interim charge, with Skiverton as his assistant.In his first match in charge he guided Yeovil to a 1–0 victory over Stevenage in the FA Cup first round. After six matches in interim charge, having drawn three of his four league matches <mask> was appointed permanently. In his first match in permanent charge, <mask> guided Yeovil to his first league victory, their first league win in seventeen matches, with a 1–0 victory over fellow relegation rivals York City, on 2 January 2016. After three wins out of four league matches in January, <mask> was nominated for the League Two Manager of the Month award, but was beaten by eventual winner Northampton Town manager Chris Wilder. Yeovil's improved form continued in late


title: Darren Way

texts:
 February and March, with a six match unbeaten run, including four consecutive 1–0 victories and five consecutive clean sheets. <mask> received his second manager of the month nomination in three months, after amassing ten points from their five games in the month of March and keeping four clean sheets in the process, but was beaten by eventual winner Darrell Clarke. On 6 April 2016, having guided Yeovil to the brink of securing their League Two status, with the club fourteen points clear of the relegation zone, <mask> was awarded a new three-year contract.In June 2017, <mask> completed his UEFA Pro Licence course. In November 2018, Yeovil were knocked out of the FA Cup in the first round after losing 3–1 at home to non-league side Stockport County. For the second time in <mask>'s tenure, the club had been knocked out by a non-league side in the first round. Despite the cup exit and a run of form that had seen the club only win one of its last nine league matches, <mask> was rewarded by the Yeovil board with a new extended contract until June 2021, with <mask> claiming the club were "in best place for five years". With the club having lost a further four consecutive matches following the signing of his new contract, <mask> attended a Supporters Alliance Meeting at which he was reported to have claimed that "he was a hero" and that "he could walk into any other club". He also said that he would not be at Yeovil for ever and that when he left he would be missed. He asserted that the fans knew nothing about football.The club's poor form continued into 2019, and after a 2–0 defeat to Milton Keynes Dons on 23 March, with securing survival in League Two no longer in the team's own hands, <mask> was sacked by the club. Plymouth Argyle
In December 2019, he was appointed under-18s manager at Plymouth Argyle replacing former coach Kevin Hodges who had left the club the previous month, with <mask> taking up the role from January 2020. Personal life
<mask> has two children with his wife Kelly. On 17 December 2008, <mask> was involved in a serious accident on the


title: Darren Way

texts:
 A3088 Cartgate link road between the A303 and Yeovil whilst a passenger in a white van which collided head-on with a blue 4x4. He was airlifted to Dorchester Hospital, where his condition was described as serious but stable, before being treated at Frenchay Hospital in Bristol. His injuries included a broken left femur, broken left kneecap, broken and dislocated right elbow, broken and dislocated left hip, multiple fractures of his right wrist, damage to his right hand, a ruptured left biceps, deep cuts to both shins and soft tissue damage. Initially <mask> hoped that he would be able to resume his footballing career.On 22 January 2009, <mask> was discharged from Yeovil District Hospital, after having thirteen operations, marking a huge step on his road to recovery, although he was still wheelchair bound. During half-time in Terry Skiverton's first match in charge against Oldham Athletic, on 21 February 2009, <mask> came on the pitch in his wheelchair and did a lap of honour. <mask> had to learn how to walk again after his accident, and after his retirement he and stadium technician Bruce James were involved in a lengthy legal battle in the High Court with the insurers of the 4x4 driver over compensation for the accident. Career statistics

Player

Managerial

Honours

Player
Yeovil Town
FA Trophy: 2001–02
Football Conference: 2002–03
Football League Two: 2004–05

England National Game XI
Four Nations Tournament: 2003

Individual
Football Conference Team of the Year: 2000–01, 2002–03
PFA League Two Team of the Year: 2004–05

Footnotes

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Plymouth
English footballers
England youth international footballers
England semi-pro international footballers
Association football midfielders
Norwich City F.C. players
Yeovil Town F.C. players
Swansea City A.F.C. players
National League (English football) players
English Football League players
English football managers
Yeovil Town F.C.managers
English Football League managers
Yeovil Town F.C. non-playing staff
Plymouth Argyle F.C. non-playing

masks: Way Way Way Way


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts:
<mask> (November 15, 1913 – July 18, 1991) was an American regionalist artist, and illustrator. He was professor emeritus of art at the Herron School of Art and Design in Indianapolis, Indiana. <mask> earned a BFA from the Herron School in 1938. <mask> grew up in Peru, Indiana, winter home of many of the circuses that traveled the country at the later part of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The circus performers that frequented his father's general store influenced his creative senses. Early career and recognition
<mask> won the John Armstrong Chaloner Paris Prize in 1937. This was the largest single art prize at that time for painters in the United States, consisting of a $6,000 stipend for study overseas for 3 years, and a New York studio space.Among the jury members who awarded <mask> the first prize were sculptor Mahonri Young and the painter Gifford Beal. After a screening by the Chaloner committee, <mask> along with 15 other artists were invited to submit fully realized works. For <mask>, that work was Back Door (aka Next Up). The initial rounds of the competition ended in a tie between <mask> and another artist for the first prize. The two finalists were challenged by the committee to a paint-off over an allotted amount of time. <mask> presented two paintings to the final committee. The Repensky Riders and A Night at the Circus (aka Riding Clowns) see below.His painting The Repensky Riders (aka Manhattan Matinee) won the competition for <mask> who was only 24 years of age at the time. <mask> studied painting with Henrik M. Mayer, and sculpture with David K. Rubins at Herron. <mask>'s victory in the

masks:
Robert Edward Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts: Chaloner competition opened many doors for the artist in the New York art world of the time. Just prior to entering the Chaloner competition, <mask> had received two medals for Mural Design from the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design from 1935 to 1936. His entry was entitled, A Mural for a Dining Room in a Country House. <mask> went on to win the Third Hallgarten Prize at the National Academy of Design in 1938. The Hallgarten prize was, “for a picture in oil colors painted in the United States by an American citizen under thirty-five years of age.” The third prize winning entry was entitled Wagon 97.The painting went on to many exhibitions across the nation through the auspices of the American Federation of Arts. On April 21, 1938 <mask> received a letter from the Grand Central Art Galleries of New York informing him that their jury had approved his work, and that he was elected a life member of the Galleries. He was one of 3 out of over 400 applicants to be accepted that year. Subsequent works went on to be exhibited at the Art Institute of Chicago, The Minneapolis Institute of Art, New York State Museum, Albany, NY, and The Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts, Columbus, Ohio. On January 12, 1939 the Grand Central Galleries informed <mask> that his work Rehearsal had been sent to the Pennsylvania Academy Jury. In the meantime, Rehearsal was included in the Academy's Founder's Show and then it was slated to go to The 16th Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Oil Paintings at the Corcoran Gallery of Art from March 26 to May 7, 1939. Another important work, Circus Girl In Her Dressing Tent was shipped to the

masks: Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts:
 Pennsylvania Academy for inclusion in their exhibition beginning on January 29, 1939.<mask> returned home to Indiana in April 1938 to attend his graduation ceremonies at the Herron Art Institute. <mask> did not return to New York until he sailed for England in the late spring of 1939 following the death of his father. During his time back in Peru, he painted his large work Those Riding Hannefords which was invited to be exhibited at the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition. <mask> embarked aboard the SS Champlain from New York to England on May 25, 1939 to fulfil his Chaloner overseas obligations. <mask> travelled and studied in some of the major centers of Europe, including London, Amsterdam, and Paris. He met up with 2 artist friends Harry Davis, and George Prout from the Herron school who were also studying in Europe at the time. The three friends road bicycles to Le Havre, France to exit the country before the German occupation began.Upon his return to the United States, <mask> contacted the Chaloner Foundation to obtain permission to finish his overseas study in Mexico. <mask> and members of his family, including his mother, departed for Mexico on March 18, 1940. There, <mask> visited many historic sites where he was exposed to the work of muralists such as Diego Rivera, and José Clemente Orozco whose style of work would later inform his mural compositions. <mask> would not return to New York to do more studio work until September 1941. War years 1943–1946
<mask> entered the Naval Training School at Ohio State University on April 1, 1943, and upon successful completion was commissioned an Ensign in

masks: Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts: the United States Naval Reserve. Ensign <mask> was first assigned duty at NOB Norfolk, Virginia on June 9, 1943. By August 1943, <mask> had been transferred for duty at the Naval Air Station Alameda, California.There, <mask>, now Lieutenant (j.g. ), was commissioned by the station's Commanding Officer to paint a set of 5 murals for dining halls of the Bachelor Officers Quarters. The murals were the subject of great interest during the station's celebration of its 50th year in 1984. The murals depicted the development of the California territory. 1. Native American habitation of the state, 2. The arrival of the Catholic missionaries, 3.The arrival of the Spaniards and their influences on the state, 4. California's wine industry, and 5. The modern family and technology. The murals took 3 months to execute, and were in the style of the 1930s WPA mural work. <mask> requested to be shipped out overseas into forward positions. He requested to be assigned to Air Rescue Squadron Three (VH-3), which was seeing action near Okinawa. In November 1944 <mask> was assigned to the 12th Naval District, Patrol Bombing Squadron Nineteen, Okinawa.<mask> saw action during the heat of the Volcano and Ryukyu Islands campaign. During his duty with the squadron, <mask> designed the unit's "Squadron Insignia." His VH-3 Squadron rescued numerous downed allied and enemy pilots during the campaign. Flying as a Martin PBM Mariner crew-member, <mask>'s VH-3 squadron distinguished itself and earned the Navy Unit Commendation for service from 29 March to 30 June 1945. Throughout the trial overseas <mask> continued to draw, creating numerous


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts:
 action depictions to chronicle his squadron's work. A fine example of this was his work Survivors, a drawing on board of two recovered pilots with blankets over their heads, giving an impression of monks at prayer. The riveted construction of the aircraft's interior recalls the interior of a buttressed cathedral.<mask> separated from the service on 2 February 1946 at the rank of Lieutenant. Post-war years 1946–1951
<mask> was in Hawaii awaiting reassignment when WWII ended on August 14, 1945. He subsequently undertook a major commission sponsored by Indianapolis Methodist Hospital to paint a large mural in the hospital's children's ward. An Indianapolis News article by author Filomena Gould stated, "I like the story behind the man who is painting murals in the children's ward at Methodist Hospital, making its solarium—the gift of Thomas Taggart—a place of enchantment for the shut-in youngsters. Offhand, it seems to me that what Fragonard was to Versailles, what Van Dyck was to the Stuarts, what Bellows was to the prize ring, and Benton to the barn lot, this Hoosier-bred painter is to the circus." The Indianapolis News of Thursday, September 5, 1946 announced that <mask> would be added to the Herron Art School faculty for the coming season. A work entitled Portrait of A Woman was included in the Carneigie Institute's exhibition Painting in the United States, 1946.The work was exhibited hanging in line with works by Tully Filmus, Paul Cadmus, Leopold Seyffert, and Reginald Marsh. Grand Central Galleries contacted <mask> on June 28, 1946 to inform him that they had sold "a circus picture," Summer Afternoon to


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts: International Business Machines. Another work sold that year. The award-winning Wagon 97 sold to the industrialist Mr. Paul Kollsman. The painting was lost for many years but appeared in an episode of the TV show "Columbo"/Identity Crisis where it can be seen in several shots hanging on the wall in the same frame that was on it until it resurfaced in a December, 1997 sale at Sotheby's Auction house. The painting was purchased by the Spanierman Galleries, New York, NY, and featured in the gallery's sale catalogue entitled The Spirit of America: American Art from 1829-1970. Wagon 97 was featured on the inside cover of the catalogue.Although <mask> had abandoned his studio in New York, he continued to produce work which included more common subjects depicting life in Indiana. The Butchering was one of these works. Accepted by the National Academy of Design for its 123rd Annual Exhibition in 1949, The Butchering was also shown at the 24th Annual Hoosier Salon, Indianapolis, Indiana, and L. S. Ayres & Company, "75th Anniversary Art Exhibition," November 1947 (Second Prize, $750, <mask>, juror). In 1950 <mask> was selected to execute 4 murals for the new remodeled offices of the president of Eli Lilly & Company, Mr. J. K. Lilly. With the Lilly murals completed, <mask> took advantage of the fresco class being offered at the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture in Skowhegan, Maine. The school was in its 6th year in 1951 under the direction of Henry Varnum Poor (designer). The faculty consisted of six instructors and would be augmented by visiting artists among whom could be counted Yasuo Kuniyoshi.New horizons

masks:
Weaver
Edward Hopper
Weaver
Weaver


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts:
 1952–1960

The 1950s were referred to by <mask> as has his "Gothic period." The subject matter of his work become more sterile, and several paintings of religious content were produced. Two works in particular are representative of this new period. He Went Up Into the Mountain, and Daniel In the Lions Den (aka Daniel) are prime examples of <mask>'s work from this period. His circus themed works also were executed in this new angular style. <mask>'s work Unus from 1952 is an example of this as well as his 1956 work Circus Poster now in the collection of the Indianapolis Museum of Art. The works are also characterized by the use of more earth tones in a manner of Pieter Bruegel the Elder.<mask>'s use of more earth tones in his coloring continued through much of the 1970s. <mask> married his partner for life Helen Betty Spiegel of Cincinnati on August 29, 1952. Betty became <mask>'s greatest critic and champion. <mask> became more firmly planted in Indiana, taking on more teaching responsibilities at the Herron School. Commissions for mural work in his home state continued, with <mask>'s execution of 10 murals for the Indiana Soldier's and Sailor's and Children's Home located in Knightstown Indiana. <mask> continued his position teaching mural design at Herron. In December, 1954 sketches of murals to be painted by his Herron students were presented to Dr. Fabien Sevitsky, music director of the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra.Sevitsky chose three scenes that were executed by a group of third year students of Beaux-Arts design under the supervision of <mask>. Throughout the decade <mask> continued to exhibit in

masks: Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts:
 faculty exhibitions at Herron, and at the Hoosier Salon. One of the interests in <mask>'s life from an early age was auto racing. The earliest example of works dealing with this subject matter was Crash, probably painted in 1930. He became acquainted with Tony Hulman of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, and would often take his Herron students to the speedway to sketch images of cars and drivers. <mask> would produce annual artworks for Hulman for display in his home, office, and the Speedway Museum. This friendship would eventually culminate in an annual poster design competition at the Herron School judged by Mr. Hulman who presented the winners with cash prizes.This collaboration was documented in a program produced in November, 1996 for WFYI Public Television for Indiana entitled Roar of the Grease/Paint. The program spotlighted <mask> and was hosted by Allegra East. Commercial art became a source of additional income. His work appeared in national magazines, including Holiday (magazine), The Saturday Evening Post (revival), Sports Illustrated, Good Housekeeping, Child Life, Children's Playmate, and The Brownie Reader. <mask> began to design everything from auto accessories, artist's tables of his own invention (The Octopus), and designs for stationary for the Osborn Midwest Corporation, Marion, Indiana. <mask> continued however to produce easel work, although he was less prolific. The Indianapolis Museum of Art purchased his work Circus Poster c. 1956 in 1961 for their permanent collection with funds from the Daniel P. Erwin Fund.Circus resurrected 1960–1980

It had long been a dream of <mask>'s to bring

masks: Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts: the circus back to Peru, or at least celebrate the history of the circus in Peru. A group of close friends and civic minded Peru citizens joined <mask> to establish the Circus City Festival, Inc. (CCFI), an organization in which he served as president. The CCFI was instrumental in the foundation and promotion of the Peru Amateur Circus and the Circus City Festival, held each July in Peru to rekindle the area's interest in its rich Circus Heritage. Along with this he established Operation Facelift to encourage the merchants to adopt the circus theme for their storefronts and decor. To finance this project the entire community rose to the occasion and produced A Night With Cole Porter (a native Peruvian). For his many civic efforts he was named Man of the Year by the Peru Daily Tribune and Outstanding Citizen by the Peru Chamber of Commerce. In 1969 Indiana University and Purdue University merged their Indianapolis extensions to become one entity, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis.The John Herron School of Art was part of that merger, because of its association with Indiana University. <mask> was given the title of Assistant Professor of Art, with a promotion to full Professor shortly thereafter. At Herron, <mask>, like his teachers when he was a student there, urged his students to enter competitions. <mask> was now teaching Drawing and Illustration at Herron. Many of his students had success entering the Society of Illustrators yearly competitions. Several won awards at the Society beginning in 1965. <mask> himself won with his own work Sanctuary in 1974.<mask> presented Sanctuary to the


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts: Herron School of Art as a way of giving back to the institution for all it had done for him. Additional awards came to <mask> from the Society of Illustrators, the Strobridge Special Service Award, and the Distinguished Service Award from the Indiana State Museum. His work Lost Parade was the seminal work in a new style in his paintings. <mask> worked less and less in oil paints, preferring acrylic because of its quick drying nature. His later work also demonstrated his forte′ for drawing. Although his easel time was sparse during this period, there was never a time that <mask> was not sketching in his sketch pad. His main direction now was to chronicle the circus in his artwork like never before.His works became extremely accurate in their portraiture of people and objects associated with the history of the American circus. Like Lost Parade, many of his subjects illustrated the demise of the greatest form of entertainment that America known. He researched the various wagons and riggings that were utilized, and worked them into his compositions. <mask> also produced very large formatted portraits of famous performers. Harkening back to Wagon 97, <mask> reiterated his affinity for the circus lot as a place of great activity, a city rising from a grassy field inhabited by performers from many nations. His works looked at extraordinary performers doing everyday things; rehearsing, bathing, resting, and waiting in anticipation of their performance. <mask>'s work was the subject of a one-man exhibition at the Indiana State Museum entitled Circus Heritage In Indiana.<mask> had decided to apply for a sabbatical

masks: Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver Weaver


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts:
 from Herron to work on the exhibition which produced new work to illustrating the roots of circuses in Indiana. The exhibit ran from September 25, 1977 through January 15, 1978. Because of the tremendous reception and attendance the exhibition was held over until February 15, 1978. Final act 1980–1991

In 1981 an exhibition entitled Center Ring the Artist: Two Centuries of Circus Art was mounted by the Milwaukee Art Museum. The exhibition was sponsored by the Milwaukee Sentinel newspaper. <mask> was invited to submit a work. His work Butterfly Ladies was shown with works by Chagall, Picasso, Calder, Kuhn, Hogarth, and in a flash back to the Chaloner competition in 1937, jury member Gifford Beal.The exhibition traveled to the Columbus (Ohio) Museum of Art, The New York State Museum, Albany, NY, and the Corcoran Gallery, Washington, DC. Butterfly Ladies was purchased by the Indiana State Museum. <mask> retired as Professor Emeritus of Art from the Herron School in 1982. <mask> would move to New Bern, North Carolina to open a restaurant with his family. There, he continued to produce easel work and experiment with abstract art. When he was asked why he was doing abstract art, he stated that it was something he needed to do to grow as an artist. He produced several works in this style.He also continued work on a fantasy picture book that was never published. <mask> intended to entitle it Huminals. The book explored what would creatures look like that were part human, animal, insect, or plant. His later works dealt with subjects that asked the question, what if? They were meant to be thought provoking. There had


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts:
 always been this side to <mask>'s personality, and as an artist <mask> wanted to provoke the viewer of his work to look closer, and to ask questions. Towards the end of his life <mask> never strayed too far from his love for the circus as a subject.In some works he incorporated some of his provocative nature with a circus subject to again eulogize its demise as an entertainment form. <mask> continued to sketch until the last week of his life when he finally put pencil and pad aside in July 1991. Opus Posthumous, 1991-present

With the passing of <mask>, much of his known work was left to be organized by his heirs. A private showing and sale of several of his works was mounted at Whitehall at the Villa antiques in Chapel Hill, NC. More significantly was an in-depth exhibition and sale by Eckert Fine Art of Indianapolis, IN. One Man's World was the first exhibition to look at <mask>'s life's work. The exhibition and sale took place in the fall of 1995 from November 4, through November 18; moving then to the Eckert gallery in Naples, FL.A feature article on <mask> appeared in the Indianapolis Star newspaper on Tuesday, October 31, 1995. During this same period, a full-length video documentary on <mask>'s work with Indianapolis 500 president Tony Hulman aired on WFYI-TV as part of the series Across Indiana. Several more posthumous exhibitions would take place. In July 2003, The Miami County Indiana Historical Society would join with the International Circus Hall of Fame, Peru Circus City Festival, and the Peru Community Schools Art Museum to present a retrospective exhibition of <mask>'s work. These


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts: organizations would join again in May, 2007 to mount another exhibition at the Peru Community Schools Art Museum. Many of the works exhibited in these exhibitions came from the private collection of <mask>'s most notable patron Fred Senger. Senger was a long time business man in Miami county that enjoyed <mask>'s work, amassing a large collection over 3 decades.On May 14 and 15, 2010 the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra premiered a work by their principal trombonist and Pulitzer Prize nominated composer James A. Beckel Jr. Beckel's work In the Mind's Eye, a work for orchestra and four French horns used art as inspiration for its three movements. <mask>'s work Daniel (aka Daniel In the Lion's Den) served as the inspiration for the second movement of the piece. In the Mind's Eye enjoyed its international debut in Norway in the spring of 2013, when it was performed by the Trondheim Symphony Orchestra under conductor Krzysztof Urbanski. During the performance of the Beckel's piece, images of the three works that inspired Beckel's composition were projected to a large screen above the orchestra to enhance the listener's experience by viewing the works of art at the same time. From 2010 to 2011, <mask>'s work enjoyed recognition as part of exhibition by the Indiana State Museum (ISM) Indiana Realities: Regional Paintings 1930-1945 curated at the ISM by Rachel Berenson Perry. The exhibition was drawn from the private collection of <mask>. and Ellen E. Hann. The exhibition ran from March 6, 2011 to September 11, 2011.Two works by <mask> were included in the exhibition. They were Back Door (aka Next Up) and Riding

masks:
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Robert L
Weaver


title: Robert Edward Weaver

texts:
 Clowns (aka A Night at the Circus). Next Up served as the exhibition's frontispiece at the entrance to the exhibition. An American Art Review (March/April 2011 issue) magazine article by Rachel Berenson Perry reviewed the ISM exhibition. The exhibition showcased the work of some of the deans of Indiana's regionalist artists that made great strides on the international competition scene over a 15-year period. Many, such as <mask>, had connections to the Herron School of Art and Design. Under the guidance of then school Dean Donald Magnus Mattison, Herron students like <mask> put Indiana art on the national map as a force of creative excellence.Since both Next Up and Riding Clowns were involved in <mask>'s Challoner Prize victory so many years prior, the life of <mask> <mask> the artist had truly come full circle. Beginning on March 20, 2016 and continuing until October 2, 2016, "Those Riding Hannefords" by <mask> <mask> was featured in the exhibition "200 Years of Indiana Art: A Cultural Legacy" at the Indiana State Museum, in Indianapolis, Indiana. Prizes
1935 — National Academy of Design, Mural Competition — Second Prize
1935-1936 — Society of Beaux-Arts Architects — Second medal, Mural Decoration
1937 — John Armstrong Chaloner Prize — The Repensky Riders, First Prize
1938 — National Academy of Design — Wagon 97, Third Hallgarten Prize
1946 — Indiana State Fair — The Ironer, Principal Prize
1947 — L.S. Ayres Art Exhibition — The Butchering, Second Prize
1948 — 16th Annual Indiana Artists Club — Junk Boys, Joseph J. Daniels Award
1950 — 26th Annual Hoosier Salon — Uptown, Katherine Keene Langdon Award for

masks:
Weaver
Weaver
Weaver
Robert Edward
Weaver
Robert Edward
Weaver


title: Lucy Suchman

texts:
<mask> is a Professor of Anthropology of Science and Technology in the Department of Sociology at Lancaster University, in the United Kingdom. Her current research extends her longstanding critical engagement with the field of human-computer interaction to the domain of contemporary war fighting, including problems of ‘situational awareness’ in military training and simulation, and in the design and deployment of automated weapon systems. At the center of this research is the question of whose bodies are incorporated into military systems, how and with what consequences for social justice and the possibility for a less violent world. <mask> is a member of International Committee for Robot Arms Control and the author of the blog dedicated to the problems of ethical robotics and 'technocultures of humanlike machines'

Before coming to Lancaster, she worked for 22 years at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in California, where she held the positions of Principal Scientist and Manager of the Work Practice and Technology research group. While at PARC, she conducted an influential ethnographic study, using video, of office workers struggling to use a copy machine, today often referred to as one of the first instances of corporate ethnography. <mask> is a graduate of the University of California, Berkeley, obtaining her BA in 1972, MA in 1977, and Doctorate in Social and Cultural Anthropology in 1984. While at Berkeley, she wrote her dissertation on the work practices of accountants.She studied procedural office work to understand how it was similar to and different from a program, assumptions around the work, and how the work informed the design of these systems. Research
<mask>'s early research was heavily influenced by ethnomethodology, a subfield of sociology

masks:
Lucy Suchman
Suchman
Suchman
Suchman


title: Lucy Suchman

texts:
 that argued that people create meaningful action by improvising based on their social and environmental resources. <mask>'s book, Plans and Situated Actions: The Problem of Human-machine Communication (1987), provided intellectual foundations for the field of human-computer interaction (HCI). She challenged common assumptions behind the design of interactive systems with a cogent anthropological argument that human action is constantly constructed and reconstructed from dynamic interactions with the material and social worlds. The theory of situated cognition emphasises the importance of the environment as an integral part of the cognitive process. She has made fundamental contributions to ethnographic analysis, conversational analysis and Participatory Design techniques for the development of interactive computer systems. An updated version of the book was published in 2007.This second edition, called Human-Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and Situated Action, included five new chapters exploring developments in the field of computing and social studies technology since the mid-1980s. Specifically, Suchman addressed the relationship and interactions between humans and machines with a focus on the idea of human-like machines. Her later research is dedicated to problems of autonomy and control in human-technology interaction with emphasis on autonomous weapon systems. Professional affiliations
In 1988, Suchman served as the Program Chair for the Second Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. She also served as the Program Chair for the first Conference on Participatory Design of Computer Systems. Between 1982 and 1990, <mask> was on the board of directors of the Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, a group she helped to form. Suchman is

masks: Suchman Suchman


title: Lucy Suchman

texts:
 currently a member of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control.In addition, she serves as a Collaborating Editor for Social Studies of Science. Suchman is also affiliated with numerous academic institutions. She served as president of the Society for Social Studies of Science from 2016-2017. She has served as a Visiting Senior Research Fellow with King's College London's Work, Interaction and Technology Research Group and as an Adjunct Professor for the Interaction Design and Work Practice Laboratory at Sydney's University of Technology. <mask> currently serves as an Adjunct Professor at the IT University of Copenhagen in Denmark. Publications

<mask>, L. (1987) Plans and situated actions : The Problem of Human-Machine Communication. Cambridge University Press, New York.<mask>, L. (1993) Response to Vera and Simon's Situated Action: A Symbolic Interpretation. Cognitive Science, 17:71—75, 1993. <mask>, L. (1995) Making Work Visible. Communications of the ACM, 38 (9). pp. 56–61+. <mask>, L. (1995) Representations of Work (Special Report).Communications of the ACM, 38 (9). pp. 33–68. <mask>, L. and Blomberg, J. and Orr, J. E. (1999) Reconstructing Technologies as Social Practice. The American Behavioral Scientist, 43 (3). pp. 392–408.<mask>, L. (2000) Embodied Practices of Engineering Work. Mind, Culture and Activity, 7 (1&2). pp. 4–18. <mask>, L. (2000) Making a case: knowledge and routine work in document production. In: Workplace studies : recovering work practice and informing system design. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp.29–45. <mask>, L. (2000) Organising alignment : a case of bridge-building. Organization, 7 (2). pp. 311–327. <mask>, L. and Bishop, L. (2000) Problematizing 'Innovation' as a Critical Project. Technology Analysis & Strategic

masks: Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman


title: Lucy Suchman

texts: Management, 12 (3).pp. 327–333. <mask>, L. (2002) Practice-based design of information systems : notes from the hyperdeveloped world. The Information Society, 18 (2). pp. 139–144. <mask>, L. A. and Blomberg, J. and Trigg, R. (2002) Working Artefacts: Ethnomethods of the prototype.British Journal of Sociology, 53 (2). pp. 163–179. <mask>, L. (2003) Figuring service in discourses of ICT: the case of software agent. In: Global and Organizational Discourses about Information Technology. International Federation for Information Processing . Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp.15–32. <mask>, L. (2003) Organising alignment. In: Knowing in organisations: a practice-based approach. M. E. Sharpe, London, pp. 187–203. <mask>, L. (2004) Decentring the manager/designer. In: Managing as designing.Stanford Business Books, Stanford, pp. 169–73. <mask>, L. (2004) Methods and madness. In: First person : new media as story, performance, and game. MIT Press, London, pp. 95–98. <mask>, L. (2004) Talking things.In: First person : new media as story, performance, and game. MIT Press, London, pp. 262–265. <mask>, L. (2005) Affiliative Objects. Organization, 12 (3). pp. 379–399.<mask>, L. (2006) "Wajcman confronts cyberfeminism." Social Studies of Science. <mask>, L. (2007) Feminist STS and the Sciences of the Artificial. In: New Handbook of Science and Technology Studies. MIT Press. <mask>, L. (2007) Human-Machine Reconfigurations. Cambridge University Press, New York.<mask>, L. (2011) Practice and its overflows: Reflections on order and mess. TECNOSCIENZA: Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, 2(1):21–30. <mask>, L. (2011) Anthropological Relocations and the Limits of Design. Annual Review of Anthropology, 40: 1–18. <mask>, L. (2011) Subject Objects. Feminist Theory, 12

masks: Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman


title: Lucy Suchman

texts:
 (2): 119–145. <mask>, L. (2013) Consuming Anthropology.A. Barry & G. Borrn (Eds. ), Interdisciplinary: Reconfigurations of the Social and Natural Sciences, (pp. 141–160). London: Routledge. <mask>, L. (2015). Situational Awareness: Deadly bioconvergence at the boundaries of bodies and machines Media Tropes, V(1), 1-24. <mask>, L. (2016).Configuring the Other: Sensing War through Immersive Simulation. Catalyst: feminism, theory, technoscience, 2(1). <mask>, L., & Weber, J. (2016). Human-Machine Autonomies. In N. Bhuta, S. Beck, R. Geis, H.-Y. Liu, & C. Kreis (Eds.), Autonomous Weapons Systems (pp. 75–102). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Awards
1988 Xerox Corporate Research Group's Excellence in Science and Technology Award
2002 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science
2005 Outstanding Contribution to Research Award from the Communication and Information Technologies Section of the American Sociological Association
2010 Lifetime Research Award from the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction
2011 Honorary Doctorate at Malmö University. 2014 John Desmond Bernal Prize from the Society for Social Studies of Science. 2018 Honorary Doctorate at Maastricht University. See also
Science studies
Science and technology studies
Cognition
Philosophy of mind
Ethnography

References

External links
A 1999 Interview
A 2002 Video Interview
A 2011 lecture given at Medea, Malmö University
Consuming Anthropology, Methods@Manchester Seminar

British sociologists
British anthropologists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Academics of Lancaster University
British women sociologists
British women anthropologists
Sociologists of science
Scientists at PARC (company)
Science and technology

masks: Suchman Suchman Suchman Suchman


title: Ba. Venkatesan

texts:
Ba. Venkatesan (;) (Known as <mask>e) is a noted Tamil writer and Literary Critic. His best-known and critically acclaimed works are Baageerathiyin Mathiyam, Thaandavaraayan Kathai. He currently lives in Hosur, Tamil Nadu. Early life

In his childhood, he felt quiet enthusiastic while listening stories from his maternal grand mother. He was so inspired with the stories told by her. At the age of 10, listening stories had become a habit of reading with the help of his father.As his father used to provide the copies of "Ambuli Mama" Chandamama magazine (Famous children magazine) from his office library which helped him in increasing his reading habit. On the other hand, he didn't fail to catch hold of his Grand mother for listening stories. At the age of 14, Madurai public library had been introduced by one of his neighborhood friend. Reaching the library and waiting at the entrance, well before librarian arrives, lingering inside till the closure of library for the day was a common habit during holidays. At some instances, his mom comes and scares him with the help of librarian to take him to home for food. Before leaving with mom for home for having food, He used to get oath from librarian for getting the same book which he read when he turn up for another day. It seems, for him, habit of writing was started at this very stage.Onset of his writing career, he was writing some comic stories based on "Vedhala Mayaathma" – (Tamil Translation of the comic strips of The Phantom by Lee Falk) tales which were being published by "Muthu Comics" – Lion comics. Then, he wrote some stories kind of Tamilvanan's.


title: Ba. Venkatesan

texts:
 influenced on him. Writing stories and Acquaintance on World literature almost happened in parallel. Though there were impacts of Gabriel García Márquez, Umberto Eco, José Saramago works on his fiction, it was not quiet intense, deep-rooted and long-lasting. He has identified his own way of story telling and its voices from the ancient Tamil fictions, such as "Madhanakamarajan", "Vikkiramaadhiththan", "Bagavatham"  – Bhagavata Purana, "Baaratham" – Mahabharata, "Kadhaikkadal". He used to lost himself in One Thousand and One Nights.He has created the own view on story telling from some more texts as well. Like, The Bridge on the Drina, The House of the Sleeping Beauties, Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands (novel), The Master and Margarita, The Idiot ,'Moga mul', 'Avadhoodhar', 'Oru kudumbam sidhaigiradhu' – Gruhabhanga, 'Oru kadalora Giraamaththin kadhai', 'Puliyamaraththin Kadhai', 'Kullan' – The Dwarf (Lagerkvist novel). However, even now, he is mesmerizing and fascinating by the works of Milan Kundera. He told in one of his interviews, "I hope that, One who observe my stories with great focus can identify the subtlety of Milan Kundera's stories in it." On Poetry

Ba. <mask>'s view of poetry is aesthetically fascinating, "I strongly believe that, a Poem can achieve something in quite a few lines where as the same has to be explained in hundred of pages in fiction. Language of poetry is unique.This is the reason why, i reluctant to read the poetry which are other than the Tamil language. I am not quite sure whether we can translate a poetry. With silence, inevitably at the same time in the intense moment,


title: Ba. Venkatesan

texts:
 it disconnects the flow of time and conceptualize in the mind of creativity. Such rare moments won't occur often. I am not kind of someone who brings it forcefully. But, sometimes, i prosperous with such rare moments as poetry has mercy on me. Prior to "Bageerathiyin Madhiyam", i mean before 2014, though i would have completed a fiction of thousand pages, i was identified as a poet in the Tamil literary context.If at all happen to write a good poem then there is no chance in getting away from it. At the same time, as fiction, poetry is not a lit lamp, it's a moment of Lightning and grand Stature which appears and vanishes suddenly"

Since 1992 to 2014, There are 3 poetry volumes of <mask>'s got released. Further, a new poetry collection will be released along with the poems written until 2018. On Films

<mask> has a unique opinions on films - "Not only me, my entire family is fond of movies. Even though the Art of telling stories through images and the art of telling stories through writing is basically a kind of chalk and cheese, it use to happen very frequently that directly or indirectly relating the movie scenes with my Creationism. Stories and Scenes of Horror and cow boy films are something which i used to feel that it will provoke me. Commercial films which are not having extremely heroic content is also my favorite.I had the experience of getting the Motivation for stories from the images of the body languages of Sivaji Ganesan, Charlie Chaplin, Nedumudi Venu, Bruce Lee, Christopher Lee (Dracula), Nicole Kidman, Kristen Stewart. As a fiction writer, i will set myself up that the films based on

masks:
Venkatesan
Ba Venkatesan


title: Burak Yılmaz

texts: <mask> (born 15 July 1985) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Ligue 1 club Lille and captains the Turkey national team. <mask> is one of nine players to play for each of the Big Three clubs  of Turkey, and one of only two players who have played for these three clubs as well as Trabzonspor (also referred as the "Big Four"), along with Sergen Yalçın. Born in Antalya, Turkey, son of former Antalyaspor goalkeeper <mask>, <mask> started to play football at Antalyaspor, where he signed his first professional contract in July 2002 and made his professional debut in the 2002–03 season of the TFF First League. Following four seasons at Antalyaspor, <mask> joined Beşiktaş prior to the 2006–07 season, where he played one and a half seasons and was primarily deployed as a winger. <mask> had a short spell in Manisaspor before he joined Fenerbahçe for the 2008–09 Süper Lig season. Loaned out to Eskişehirspor for the following season, <mask> was transferred to Trabzonspor in the winter transfer window of 2009–10 season, where he made his major career breakthrough under the management of Şenol Güneş, becoming Süper Lig top scorer with 33 goals in the 2011–12 season. Following three seasons spent in Trabzonspor, where he won a Turkish Cup and Turkish Super Cup, <mask> joined Galatasaray, staying for four seasons and winning two Süper Lig titles in 2012–13 and 2014–15, as well as being Süper Lig top scorer for the second time in his career in the 2012–13 season.In 2016, <mask> joined Chinese Super League club Beijing Guoan for two seasons, where he scored 28 goals in total. <mask> then returned to Trabzonspor for a second spell which lasted two seasons. For the 2018–19 season, <mask> returned to Beşiktaş for another spell, scoring eleven and thirteen goals respectively in his two seasons back, before joining French Ligue 1 club Lille in 2020, helping the side win its first league title for ten years. Representing Turkey in different youth age

masks:
Burak Yılmaz
Yılmaz
Fikret Yılmaz
Burak Yılmaz
Yılmaz
Yılmaz
Yılmaz
Yılmaz
Yılmaz
Yılmaz
Yılmaz


title: Burak Yılmaz

texts:
 groups between 2001 and 2006, <mask> made his senior debut in a friendly game against Azerbaijan in 2006. With 30 goals as of 2021, <mask> is Turkey's second all-time highest goalscorer after Hakan Şükür. Club career

Antalyaspor
Yılmaz started his professional career in Antalyaspor, where he was promoted to senior team at the age of 16. He scored his first two goals at professional level in 2004–05 season against Karşıyaka at Izmir Alsancak Stadium on 29 August 2004.In same season, <mask> played at 29 league matches, scoring 8 goals, thus helping his team avoid relegation. He contributed to the success of the team's promotion to the Süper Lig after finishing second in Division 1 in the 2005–06 season, scoring 9 goals in 24 matches. During his stint at Antalyaspor, <mask> joined Beşiktaş at 2006–07 summer transfer window. He made his Süper Lig debut on 6 August 2006 against Manisaspor, and scored his first goal against Konyaspor in a 3–1 win for Beşiktaş. He also scored against Trabzonspor. In his first season, he scored 5 goals in 30 league appearances as Beşiktaş finished the season on 2nd spot.In same season, he had  7 appearance at  Turkish Cup, scoring once. Playing form of <mask> dropped dramatically during the 2007–08 season. In January 2008, <mask> joined Manisaspor as part of an exchange deal, and later to Fenerbahçe on 29 June 2008. Fenerbahçe
On 29 June 2008, <mask> was transferred to Fenerbahçe and was presented at a news conference wearing the number 7 shirt. On the contrary to his "promising youngster" image in Manisaspor and Beşiktaş, he had been a disappointment during his spell in Fenerbahçe, only playing six games and failing to score in the 2008–09 season. Trabzonspor

In February 2010, <mask> joined Trabzonspor on a permanent deal. Following the arrival of Şenol Güneş as team manager, <mask> made his Trabzonspor debut on 15 February 2010, playing last 15 minutes against Bursaspor on a 1–1 draw.On 26 February 2013, he scored against

masks: Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmazılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz


title: Burak Yılmaz

texts:
 his previous team Antalyaspor. Yılmaz played at Turkish Cup final where Trabzonspor defeated Fenerbahçe by 3–1, on 5 May 2010. Ten days later, Trabzonspor played against Fenerbahçe again in lask week of Süper Lig fixtures in which <mask> scored in 23rd minute, as parties shared points after a 1–1 draw, causing Fenerbahçe to jeopardise their title chances in contention with Bursaspor. <mask> became leading goalscorer of Trabzonspor with 19 goals in 30 league games and July 2011 he signed a new four-year contract with the club. In 2010–11 season, Yılmaz displayed a high-level attacking attributes, scoring the winners against Beşiktaş and Galatasaray and Bursaspor, where Trabzonspor finalised the fixtures on 2nd spot. In 2011–12 season, where a play-off stage applied after 34-weeks-regular-fixtures, <mask> scored 33 goals in 34 appearances at regular season, setting a new club record previously held by Fatih Tekke who scored 31 goals in the 2004–05 season. Galatasaray

In July 2012, <mask> joined Galatasaray from Trabzonspor for €5m transfer fee, with a four-year-contract with an additional one-season-option.His contract consisted of  €2.3 million seasonal wage with a €20,000 bonus per-appearance. On 2 September 2012, he scored his first goal for Galatasaray against Bursaspor, as the game finished 3–2, making it Galatasaray's historic 1000th league win. <mask> scored the only goal for Galatasaray as the game ended in a 1–1 home draw against Eskişehirspor. On 23 October 2012, he scored a goal from a header against CFR Cluj as the game ended in a 1–1 draw at third match-week in Group H of the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League group stage. On 28 October 2012, <mask> scored his 100th career goal, during a 3–0 win against Kayserispor, maintaining their position as league leaders. On 7 November 2012, <mask> netted a hat-trick in a 3–1 away win over CFR Cluj in the Champions League,
becoming the first Turkish player to score three goals in a Champions League game

masks: Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz Yılmaz Burak