title: Vladimir Vysotsky

texts:
 K. Perevozchikov. Pravda Smertnogo Chasa:
  smotry-film.ru (Over 90 film files)
   <mask>.1980. Moscow. Sampo, 1998. 272 p.

Russian bards
Soviet male actors
Soviet dissidents
Soviet musicians
Soviet singer-songwriters
1938 births
1980 deaths
Soviet male film actors
Soviet male stage actors
Soviet male singer-songwriters
20th-century Russian male singers
Seven-string guitarists
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Russian-language poets
Russian male film actors
Russian male singer-songwriters
Male actors from Moscow
Musicians from Moscow
Singers from Moscow
Writers from Moscow
Russian people of Jewish descent
Soviet people of Jewish descent
Jewish Russian actors
Burials at Vagankovo Cemetery
20th-century guitarists
20th-century Russian musicians
20th-century Russian male actors
20th-century Russian writers
20th-century Russian singers
Moscow Art Theatre School


title: Myra Albert Wiggins

type: original

texts:
<mask> (1869–1956) was an American painter and pictorial photographer who became a member of the important early 20th century Photo-Secession movement. Life

Early years (1869–89)
<mask>, née <mask>, was born on December 15, 1869 in Salem, Oregon. She was the second of four children born to <mask> and Mary Elizabeth Holman. Her father worked his way from being a bookkeeper in a local linseed oil company to becoming president of the Capital National Bank in Salem. She showed natural artistic talent at an early age, and she would spend hours drawing and painting both in her home and in the fields around Salem. Her parents encouraged her talent both because she was very good and because a cultural background in the arts was expected for upper class women of the time. When she was 17, she won the first of many awards for painting at the Oregon State Fair, and between 1886 and 1907 she won a total of 94 more state fair awards for her art.About 1888 she met her future husband, Frederick Arthur <mask>, who was the owner of a local store that was one of the first to offer a variety of products under one roof. Among the products he offered were bicycles, which at that time were first becoming a craze among younger people, and <mask> recalled that she first met Fred while riding around town on her bicycle. Their families were very active in outdoor activities, and several times a year they would see each other at outings in the area. <mask> said that her introduction to photography was her brother's doing since he wanted to take a photograph of his sweetheart and, not having a camera, thought their father would be more likely to buy one if both of them said they would use it. In 1889, they acquired a large glass-plate camera and tripod, and soon she was using it far more than her brother. Some of her first pictures were

masks:
Myra Albert Wiggins
Wiggins
Myra Jane Albert
John Henry Albert
Wiggins
Myra
Wiggins


title: Myra Albert Wiggins

texts:
 taken on one of her family's many trips to the Oregon Coast. Within two years she won a new camera as first prize in the amateur division of a competition held by West Shore magazine, and many of the photographs she submitted for the contest were exhibited at the Portland North Pacific Industrial Exposition in 1890.Becoming an artist (1890–99)

Like many progressive women of the late 19th century, <mask> was sent to New York City for her higher education. She studied at the Art Students League of New York from 1891 to 1894, where she took classes from William Merritt Chase and John Twachtman. Chase in particular influenced her thinking about art, and when she brought her photographs for him to view he would sometimes write comments on the back of them. She immortalized Chase in a famous 1891 photograph of the artist teaching at the league, surrounded by his female students. While she was studying in New York, she would return to Salem during the summers, and in the summer of 1892, she announced her engagement to <mask>. When she returned to New York that fall, she became one of the first female members of the New York Camera Club. She used the club's darkroom facilities, and it was here that she met Joseph Keiley, an influential photographer, writer, and close friend of Alfred Stieglitz.She and her fiancé were married on November 24, 1894, in Salem, and their daughter Mildred, their only child, was born in 1896. Master of photography (1900–29)
In 1900, <mask> was given first of two one-woman exhibitions of her photography at the Chicago Art Institute. She had already met and corresponded with the most important photographer of the time, Alfred Stieglitz, and in 1903 he admitted her as a member in the newly formed Photo-Secession. In the fall of 1903, one of <mask> photographs was included in the Hamburg

masks:
Myra
Fred Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins


title: Myra Albert Wiggins

texts:
 Jubilee Exhibition in Hamburg, Germany, and in the London Salon organized by the famous Linked Ring. A review of the latter exhibition in the British magazine Photography contains these words of praise:
 "All things considered, we consider Mrs. <mask>' picture called Polishing Brass one of the finest in the whole room. It certainly is the most pictorial, and is exactly like a print by Chodowiecke , both in subject and feeling. A woman is seated at a table with metal utensils of quaint and interesting form.The whole thing is quiet, healthy, and exceedingly well-designed – an example for hundreds." In 1904, <mask> was one of five Oregon delegates selected to go on a "Cruise of the Christians" to attend the World's Fourth Sunday School Convention in Jerusalem. She photographed scenes both on the boat and when she arrived, often developing the film in her room at night. On the return trip she stopped in Paris and London specifically to see major photographic salons that were on exhibit at the time. Later that year she published Letters from a Pilgrim (Salem: Statesman Publishing), a photographically illustrated description of her journey to the Middle East. That same year, Stieglitz sent 200 photographs representing the best artists of the Photo-Secession to the Hague International Photography Exhibition. Among those artists he included were <mask> and her Oregon colleague Sarah Ladd.<mask> also had photographs published in several important magazines, including Photo-Era, The Photo Miniature, Photograms of the Year and Die Kunst in Der Photographie (a high quality German quarterly similar to Camera Work). <mask>' mother Mary died in 1905 after being in a car wreck. Her father, who was driving, was not injured, but he suffered greatly from guilt and anguish in the following years. In 1906, she was included in the

masks: Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins Wiggins


title: Myra Albert Wiggins

texts: invitational exhibit "The Work of Women Photographers of America" at the Camera Club of Hartford, Connecticut. <mask> was one of 26 women who were presented in the show. Later that year two of her photographs were included in the annual members exhibit at Stieglitz's Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession in New York. By 1907, <mask> wanted to enter the plant nursery business and he moved his family to Toppenish in central Washington.Fred started the Washington Nursery Company, and <mask> tried to help her husband financially by opening an art studio and school. Her new hometown area was much more rural and undeveloped than Salem, and much of the countryside around the town was dry and dusty. The dust caused health problems for <mask>, and it was several years before she could produce a regular income from her painting. <mask> continued to photograph as much as her health allowed, and she exhibited again at the Little Galleries in New York and at the Arts and Crafts Exhibition in San Francisco. Fellow Photo-Secessionist Anne Brigman commented on <mask>' photos in the latter show, saying she "invariably infuses her work with an atmosphere of tender sadness." Over the next decade <mask>' photos were shown in many important exhibitions, including the International Exhibition of Pictorial Photography in New York City (1909), the Annual Pictorial Photography Invitation in Seattle, Washington (1910) and the landmark International Exhibition of Pictorial Photography (1910) at the Albright-Knox Art Gallery in Buffalo, New York. Encouraged by the interest in her work by other photographers in Seattle, <mask> started to spend more time in that city.From the mid-1910s to the late 1920s, she alternated between helping her husband with his business and taking her photographs to Seattle when there was enough money to go.

masks:
Wiggins
Fred Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins


title: Myra Albert Wiggins

texts:
 During this time she also developed an interest in lecturing about her work, other photographers and about art in general. In 1928, the Seattle Fine Arts Society gave <mask> her last one-woman photography exhibit. Master of painting (1930–56)
In 1930, <mask> co-founded the Women Painters of Washington, one of the state's oldest existing arts organizations. Through her lecturing and classes, she became a vital force in most of the region's arts activities. In 1932 she moved permanently to Seattle. She continued to paint for many years and was recognized for her artistry through retrospective exhibits at the Seattle Art Museum (1953) and the de Young Museum in San Francisco (1954).She also had one-person shows of her paintings in Vancouver, Chicago, New Orleans, Louisiana and New York. By the time she turned 86 in 1955, she had completed 114 paintings. On January 13, 1956, <mask> died of a stroke. She was actively painting up until the time of her death. Her husband died in an accident four months later. Her work is in the permanent collections several important museums, including the Portland Art Museum, the Getty Museum and the National Museum of American Art at the Smithsonian Institution. Further reading
Glauber, Carole."<mask> <mask>: Arts and Crafts Photographer", Style 1900, May 1999. Glauber, Carole. "A Wandering Lens - <mask> <mask>: Photographer, Artist and Mentor", Artifact Magazine, March/April 1996. References

1869 births
1956 deaths
American women painters
American women photographers
Photographers from Oregon
Artists from Salem, Oregon
19th-century American painters
20th-century American painters
19th-century American photographers
20th-century American photographers
19th-century American women artists
20th-century American women artists
19th-century women photographers
20th-century women

masks:
Wiggins
Wiggins
Wiggins
Myra Albert
Wiggins
Myra Albert
Wiggins


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
<mask> (10 March 1861 – 7 March 1913), also known by her Mohawk stage name Tekahionwake (pronounced dageh-eeon-wageh, literally 'double-life'), was a Canadian poet, author, and performer who was popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Her father was a hereditary Mohawk chief of mixed ancestry and her mother was an English immigrant. <mask>—whose poetry was published in Canada, the United States, and Great Britain—was among a generation of widely-read writers who began to define Canadian literature. She was a key figure in the construction of the field as an institution and has made an indelible mark on Indigenous women's writing and performance as a whole. <mask> was notable for her poems, short stories, and performances that celebrated her mixed-race heritage, drawing from both Indigenous and English influences. She is most known for her books of poetry The White Wampum (1895), Canadian Born (1903), and Flint and Feather (1912); and her collections of stories Legends of Vancouver (1911), The Shagganappi (1913), and The Moccasin Maker (1913). While her literary reputation declined after her death, since the late 20th century there has been a renewed interest in her life and works.In 2002, a complete collection of her known poetry was published, entitled E<mask> <mask>, Tekahionwake: Collected Poems and Selected Prose. Family history

The Mohawk ancestors of <mask>'s father, Chief George Henry <mask>, had historically lived in what became the state of New York, United States. Theirs was the easternmost territory in the homelands of the Five Nations of the Iroquois League (later the Six Nations),

masks:
Emily Pauline Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
. Pauline
Johnson
Johnson
Martin Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts: also known as the Haudenosaunee. In 1758, her great-grandfather Tekahionwake was born in the province of New York. When he was baptized, he took the name <mask>. He was named after  Sir <mask>, the influential British Superintendent of Indian Affairs, who acted as his godfather. The <mask> surname was subsequently passed down in the family.After the American Revolutionary War started, Loyalists in the Mohawk Valley came under intense pressure. The Mohawk and three other Iroquois tribes had allied with the British rather than the rebel colonists. <mask> and his family moved to Canada. After the war they settled permanently in Ontario on land given by the Crown in partial compensation for Haudenosaunee losses of territory in New York. His son John Smoke <mask> spoke English and Mohawk fluently and had a talent for oration. Due to his demonstrated patriotism to the Crown during the War of 1812, <mask> was made a Pine Tree Chief at the request of the British government. Although his title could not be inherited, his wife Helen Martin was a descendant of the Wolf Clan and a founding family of the Six Nations reserve.Through her lineage and influence (as the Mohawk had a matrilineal kinship system), their son <mask> was named chief. <mask> inherited his father's gift for languages and began his career as an Anglican Church missionary translator on the Six Nations reserve. Whilst working with the Anglican missionary assigned there, <mask> met the man's sister-in-law, <mask>. <mask> was born in Bristol, England, to a well-established British family who had immigrated to the United States in 1832. Her father Henry

masks:
Jacob Johnson
William Johnson
Johnson
Jacob Johnson
Johnson
Smoke Johnson
George Johnson
George Johnson
Johnson
Emily Howells
Emily Howells


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts: Howells was a Quaker and intended to join the American abolitionist movement. <mask>'s mother Mary Best Howells died when the girl was five, when they were still in England. Her widowed father married again before they left for the US.In the US, he moved his family to several American cities, where he founded schools to gain an income, before settling in Eaglewood, New Jersey. After his second wife died (women had a high mortality in childbirth), Howells married a third time; he fathered a total of 24 children. He opposed slavery and encouraged his children to "pray for the blacks and to pity the poor Indians". His compassion did not preclude his believing that his own race was superior to others. At the age of 21, <mask> moved to the Six Nations reserve in Ontario, Canada, to join her older sister, who had moved there with her Anglican missionary husband. <mask> helped her sister care for her growing family. After falling in love with <mask>, Howells gained a better understanding of the Native peoples and some perspective on her father's beliefs.Much to the chagrin and displeasure of both their families, <mask> and Howells married in 1853. The birth of their first child reconciled the rift between their respective families. Several prominent Canadian families were descended from 18th- and 19th-century marriages between British fur traders, who had capital and social standing, and elite daughters of First Nations chiefs, in what were considered valuable economic and social alliances by both sides. Shortly after their marriage George became a chief of the Six Nations and was appointed as Crown interpreter

masks:
Emily
Emily Howells
Emily
George Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 for the Six Nations. In 1856 <mask> built Chiefswood, a wood mansion at his 225-acre estate. He and his family lived here for years at the Six Nations reserve outside Brantford, Ontario. In his roles as government interpreter and hereditary chief, <mask> developed a reputation as a talented mediator between Native and European interests.He was well respected in Ontario. He also made enemies because of his efforts to stop illegal trading of reserve timber. Physically attacked by Native and non-Native men involved in this and liquor traffic, <mask> suffered from severe health problems; he died of a fever in 1884. Personal life

Early life

E<mask> <mask> was born at her family home Chiefswood at the Six Nations reserve outside Brantford, Ontario. She was the youngest of four children of <mask> Howells <mask> (1824–1898), an English immigrant, and George Henry <mask> (1816–1884), a Mohawk hereditary clan chief. Because <mask> worked as an interpreter and cultural negotiator among the Mohawk, British, and representatives of the government of Canada, the <mask>s were seen as part of Canadian high society. They were visited by distinguished intellectual and political guests of the time, including The Marquess of Lorne, Princess Louise, Prince Arthur, inventor Alexander Graham Bell, painter Homer Watson, anthropologist Horatio Hale, and the third Governor General of Canada, Lord Dufferin.<mask>'s mother emphasized refinement and decorum in raising her children, cultivating an "aloof dignity" that she felt would earn them respect in their adulthood. <mask>'s elegant manners and aristocratic air owed much to this

masks:
Johnson
George Johnson
Johnson
. Pauline
Johnson
Emily Susanna
Johnson
Martin Johnson
George Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Pauline Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 background and training. <mask> encouraged their four children to respect and learn about both their Mohawk and English heritage. Because <mask> had partial Mohawk ancestry, his children were, by British law, legally considered Mohawk and wards of the British Crown. But, according to the Mohawk matrilineal kinship system, children are considered born into the mother's family, and take their status from her. Thus the <mask> children were considered to belong to no Mohawk family or clan, and were excluded from important aspects of the tribe's matrilineal culture. Early education

A sickly child, <mask> did not attend Brantford's Mohawk Institute, a residential school established in 1834.Her education was mostly at home and informal, derived from her mother, a series of non-Native governesses, a few years at the small school on the reserve, and self-guided reading in her family's expansive library. She read deeply in the works of Byron, Tennyson, Keats, Browning and Milton, and enjoyed reading tales about Indigenous people such as Longfellow's epic poem The Song of Hiawatha and John Richardson's Wacousta. These informed her own literary and theatrical work. Despite growing up in a time when racism against Indigenous people was normalized and common, <mask> and her siblings were encouraged to appreciate their Mohawk ancestry and culture. Her paternal grandfather John Smoke <mask> was a respected authority figure for her and her siblings. He educated them by traditional Indigenous oral storytelling before his death in 1886. <mask> taught his life lessons and stories in Mohawk; the children understood it but

masks:
George Johnson
George Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 were not fluent in speaking it.<mask>'s dramatic talents as a storyteller were absorbed by <mask>, who became known for her talent for elocution and her stage performances. She wore artifacts passed onto her by her Mohawk grandparents, such as a bear claw necklace, wampum belts, and various masks. Later in her life, <mask> expressed regret for not learning more of her grandfather's Mohawk heritage and language. At the age of 14, <mask> went to Brantford Central Collegiate with her brother Allen. She graduated in 1877. A fellow schoolmate was Sara Jeannette Duncan, who eventually developed her own journalistic and literary career. Romantic life

<mask> attracted many potential suitors, and her sister recalled more than half a dozen marriage proposals from Euro-Canadians in her lifetime.Though the number of official romantic interests remains unknown, two later romances were identified as Charles R. L. Drayton in 1890 and Charles Wuerz in 1900. But, <mask> never married nor remained in relationships for very long. She was said to have flirted with boys in Grand River. Later she wrote what was described as "intensely erotic poetry." Due to her career, she was unwilling to set aside her racial heritage and adapt to placate partners or in-laws. Despite everything, <mask> consistently had a strong network of supportive female friends and attested to the importance they had in her life. <mask> said:

Stage career

During the 1880s, <mask> wrote and performed in amateur theatre productions.She enjoyed the Canadian outdoors, where she travelled by canoe. Shortly after her father's death in 1884, the family rented

masks:
Smoke Johnson
Pauline
Pauline Johnson
Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts: out Chiefswood. <mask> moved with her widowed mother and sister to a modest home in Brantford. She worked to support them all, and found that her stage performances enabled her to make a living. <mask> supported her mother until her death in 1898. The Young Men's Liberal Association invited <mask> to a Canadian authors evening in 1892 at the Toronto Art School Gallery. The only woman at the event, she read to an overflow crowd, along with poets including William Douw Lighthall, William Wilfred Campbell, and Duncan Campbell Scott."The poise and grace of this beautiful young woman standing before them captivated the audience even before she began to recite—not read, as the others had done"—her "Cry from an Indian Wife". She was the only author to be called back for an encore. "She had scored a personal triumph and saved the evening from turning into a disaster." The success of this performance began the poet's 15-year stage career. <mask> was signed up by Frank Yeigh, who had organized the Liberal event. He gave her the headline for her first show on 19 February 1892, where she made her debut with a new poem written for the event, "The Song My Paddle Sings". At 31 years old, <mask> was perceived as a young and exotic Native beauty.After her first recital season, she decided to emphasize the Native aspects of her public persona in her theatrical performances. <mask> created a two-part act that would confound the dichotomy of her European and Indigenous background. In act one, <mask> would come out as Tekahionwake, the Mohawk name of her great-grandfather, wearing a costume that served as a pastiche and

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 assemblage of generic "Indian" objects that did not belong to one individual nation. But, her costume from 1892 to 1895 included items she had received from Mohawk and other sources, such as scalps inherited from her grandfather that hung from her wampum belt, spiritual masks, and other paraphernalia. During this act she would recite dramatic "Indian" lyrics. At intermission, she changed into fashionable English dress. In act two she came out as a pro North West Mountain Police (now known as the RCMP) Victorian English woman to recite her "English" verse.Many of the items on her native dress were sold to museums such as the Ontario Provincial Museum, or to collectors such as the prominent American George Gustav Heye. Upon her death she willed her "Indian" costume to the Museum of Vancouver. There are many interpretations of <mask>'s performances. The artist is quoted saying "I may act till the world grows wild and tense". Her shows were tremendously popular. She toured all across North America with her friend and fellow performer, and later business manager, Walter MacRaye. Her popularity was part of the immense interest by European Americans and Europeans in Indigenous peoples throughout the 19th century; the 1890s were also the period of popularity of Buffalo Bill's Wild West show and ethnological aboriginal exhibits.Literary career

In 1883 <mask> published her first full-length poem, "My Little Jean", in the New York Gems of Poetry. She began to increase the pace of her writing and publishing afterwards. In 1885, poet Charles G. D. Roberts published <mask>'s "A Cry from an Indian Wife" in The Week,

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts: Goldwin Smith's Toronto magazine. She based it on events of the battle of Cut Knife Creek during the Riel Rebellion. Roberts and <mask> became lifelong friends. <mask> promoted her identity as a Mohawk, but as an adult spent little time with people of that culture. In 1885, <mask> travelled to Buffalo, New York, to attend a ceremony honouring the Haudenosaunee leader Sagoyewatha, also known as Red Jacket.She wrote a poem expressing admiration for him and a plea for reconciliation between British and Native peoples. In 1886, <mask> was commissioned to write a poem to mark the unveiling in Brantford of a statue honouring Joseph Brant, the important Mohawk leader who was allied with the British during and after the American Revolutionary War. Her "Ode to Brant" was read at a 13 October ceremony before "the largest crowd the little city had ever seen". It called for brotherhood between Native and white Canadians under British imperial authority. The poem sparked a long article in the Toronto Globe, and increased interest in <mask>'s poetry and heritage. The Brantford businessman William Foster Cockshutt read the poem at the ceremony, as <mask> was reportedly too shy. During the 1880s, <mask> built her reputation as a Canadian writer, regularly publishing in periodicals such as Globe, The Week, and Saturday Night.In the late 1880s and early 1890s, she published nearly every month, mostly in Saturday Night. <mask> is considered among a group of Canadian authors who were contributing to a distinct national literature. The inclusion of two of her poems in W. D. Lighthall's anthology, Songs of the Great Dominion

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts: (1889), signalled her recognition. Theodore Watts-Dunton noted her for praise in his review of the book; he quoted her entire poem "In the Shadows" and called her "the most interesting poetess now living". In her early works, <mask> wrote mostly about Canadian life, landscapes, and love in a post-Romantic mode, reflective of literary interests shared with her mother, rather than her Mohawk heritage. After retiring from the stage in August 1909, <mask> moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, where she continued writing. Her pieces included a series of articles for the Daily Province, based on stories related by her friend Chief Joe Capilano of the Squamish people of North Vancouver.In 1911, to help support <mask>, who was ill and poor, a group of friends organized the publication of these stories under the title Legends of Vancouver. They remain classics of that city's literature. One of the stories was a Squamish legend of shape shifting: how a man was transformed into Siwash Rock "as an indestructible monument to Clean Fatherhood". In another, <mask> told the history of Deadman's Island, a small islet off Stanley Park. In a poem in the collection, she named one of her favourite areas "Lost Lagoon", as the inlet seemed to disappear when the water emptied at low tide. The body of water has since been transformed into a permanent, fresh-water lake at Stanley Park, but it is still called Lost Lagoon. <mask> drew on her mixed ethnic background and cultural heritages as a major theme in her work.The heroine of her short story "The De Lisle Affair" (1897), was disguised. Readers were discomforted due to the

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 uncertainty of appearances, particularly amongst women. Due to their subordinated social, economic, and political positions, women often had to play the roles as mediators for men, practising ambiguity and disloyalty for the sake of their safety and sanctity. The notion of shifting identity is seen in "The Ballad of Yaada" (1913), where a female character explains "not to friend – but unto foeman I belong ... though you hate, / I still must love him," which suggests the potential for communities to understand one another through love and kindness. But she also explores the risk of the coming together of communities and cultures. <mask>'s mixed-race heroine <mask>, in "As It Was in the Beginning", kills her unfaithful White lover. With the words "I am a Redskin, but I am something else, too – I am a woman", <mask> is demanding recognition of multiple subjectivities.<mask> was trying to convey that the real world consists of much more than oppressive ideologies and artificial divisions of race and nation enforced by authoritative figures such as the racist Protestant minister in this story. The posthumous Shagganappi (1913) and The Moccasin Maker (1913) are collections of selected stories first published in periodicals. <mask> wrote on a variety of sentimental, didactic, and biographical topics. Veronica Strong-Boag and Carole Gerson provided a provisional chronological list of <mask>'s writings in their book Paddling Her Own Canoe: The Times and Texts of E. <mask> (Tekahionwake) (2000). Death

<mask> died of breast cancer on 7 March 1913 in Vancouver, British Columbia. Devotion to her persisted after her

masks:
Johnson
Esther
Esther
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 death. Her funeral was held on what would have been her 52nd birthday.It was the largest public funeral in Vancouver history to that time. The city closed its offices and flew flags at half-mast; a memorial service was held in Vancouver's most prestigious church, the Anglican cathedral supervised by the Women's Canadian Club. Squamish people also lined the streets and followed her funeral cortege on 10 March 1913. The Vancouver Province headline on the day of her funeral said, "Canada's poetess is laid to rest". Smaller memorial services were also held in Brantford, Ontario, organized by Euro-Canadian admirers. <mask>'s ashes were placed in Stanley Park near Siwash Rock, through the special intervention of the governor general, the Duke of Connaught, who had visited during her final illness, and Sam Hughes, the minister of militia. Her will was prepared by the prestigious firm of Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper, son of the former 6th prime minister of Canada.Despite <mask>'s preference for an unmarked grave, the Women's Canadian Club sought to raise money for a monument for her. In 1922, a cairn was erected at her burial site with the inscription stating, in part, "In memory of one whose life and writings were an uplift and a blessing to our nation". During World War One, part of the royalties from Legends of Vancouver went to purchase a machine gun inscribed "Tekahionwake" for the 29th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. <mask> left a mark on Canadian history that has carried on long after her death. Reception
Scholars have had difficulty identifying <mask>'s complete works, as much was published in

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts: periodicals. Her first volume of poetry, The White Wampum, was published in London in 1895. It was followed by Canadian Born in 1903.The contents of these volumes, together with additional poems, were published as the collection Flint and Feather in 1912. Reprinted many times, this book has been one of the best-selling titles of Canadian poetry. Since the 1917 edition, Flint and Feather has been misleadingly subtitled The Complete Poems of E<mask> <mask>. But in 2002, professors Carole Gerson and Veronica Strong-Boag produced an edition, Tekahionwake: Collected Poems and Selected Prose, that contains all of <mask>'s poems found up to that date. A number of biographers and literary critics have downplayed her literary contributions, as they contend that her performances contributed most to her literary reputation during her lifetime. W. J. Keith wrote: "<mask>'s life was more interesting than her writing ... with ambitions as a poet, she produced little or nothing of value in the eyes of critics who emphasize style rather than content." Despite the acclaim she received from contemporaries, <mask> had a decline in reputation in the decades after her death.It was not until 1961, with commemoration of the centenary of her birth, that <mask> began to be recognized as an important Canadian cultural figure. This was also the beginning of a period when the writing of women and First Nations people began to be re-evaluated and recognized. Canadian author Margaret Atwood admitted that she did not study literature by Native authors when preparing Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature (1972), her seminal

masks:
. Pauline
Johnson
Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts: work. At its publication, she had said she could not find Native works. She mused, "Why did I overlook <mask>? Perhaps because, being half-white, she somehow didn't rate as the real thing, even among Natives; although she is undergoing reclamation today." Atwood's comments indicated that <mask>'s multicultural identity contributed to her neglect by critics.As Atwood noted, since the late 20th century, <mask>'s writings and performance career have been reevaluated by literary, feminist, and postcolonial critics. They have appreciated her importance as a New Woman and a figure of resistance to dominant ideas about race, gender, Native Rights, and Canada. The growth in literature written by First Nations people during the 1980s and 1990s has also prompted writers and scholars to investigate Native oral and written literary history, to which <mask> made a significant contribution. E<mask> <mask> has received much less attention than one might expect for an accomplished and controversial literary figure. Older critics often dismissed <mask>'s work; in 1988 critic Charles Lillard characterized her readers dismissively as "tourists, grandmothers ... and the curious". In 1992, a Specialized Catalogue of Canadian Stamps, issued by Canada Post misrepresented <mask> as a "Mohawk Princess", ignoring her scholarly accomplishments. And in 1999 Patrick Watson introduced the History Channel's biography of <mask> by deprecating "The Song My Paddle Sings".Even in regard to scholarship, <mask> was often overlooked in the 1980s in favour of Duncan Campbell Scott for writing about indigenous life, although he was Euro-Canadian.

masks:
Pauline Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
. Pauline
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts: But a new generation of feminist scholars has begun to counter narratives of Canadian literary history and <mask> is being recognised for her literary efforts. An examination of the reception of <mask>'s writing over the course of a century provides an opportunity to study changing notions of literary value, and the shifting demarcation between high and popular culture. During her lifetime, this line scarcely existed in Canada, where nationalism prevailed as the primary evaluative criterion. The Vancouver Province headline on the day of her funeral in March 1913 simply stated, "Canada's poetess is laid to rest". During the following decade, an "elegiac quality often imbued references to <mask>". To Euro-Canadians, she was considered the last spokesperson for a people destined to disappear: "The time must come for us to go down, and when it comes may we have the strength to meet our fate with such fortitude and silent dignity as did the Red Man his."<mask> is capable of remarkably clear dissections of the racist habits of the time, a clarity that comes out of her standpoint as a privileged Mohawk educated in both Haudenosaunee society and white Anglo-Canadian culture. Her deft use of analogues between Iroquois traditions of government and religion and those of the dominant culture, works to show the Six Nations to be as politically responsible as, and far less sexist than, the British; the one God of the Longhouse to be more benign than the Christian God; and Iroquois traditions to be more time-tested, healthy, and virtuous than those of a corrupted urban modernity. However, her patriotic enthusiasm for

masks:
Johnson
Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 Canada and the Crown, as expressed in "Canadian Born" and elsewhere, seems at odds with her Indigenous advocacy. In the 21st century, some have questioned the moral ambiguity of <mask>'s work and whether she herself was racist. In 2017 school administrators at the High Park Alternative Public School in Toronto characterized the song "Land of the Silver Birch" as racist, mistakenly asserting that <mask> wrote the poem on which the song is based. In a letter to parents, they said, "While its lyrics are not overtly racist ... the historical context of the song is racist." Some experts disagreed with this assertion, and the music teacher, who arranged for the song to be  performed at a school concert, sued the administration for defamation.Legacy

Canadian literature
A 1997 survey by Hartmut Lutz of the state of Canadian Native Literature in the 1960s, pointed to the importance of this era as establishing the foundation for the new wave of Indigenous writing that surged in the 1980s and 1990s. Lutz identified "1967 as the beginning of contemporary writing by Native authors in Canada", marking the publication of George Clutesi's landmark work, Son of Raven, Son of Deer. His discussion briefly mentioned <mask> but he did not acknowledge that 1961 marked the centennial of <mask>'s birth; the resulting celebration nationally demonstrated the endurance of her prominence in Indigenous and Canadian literature and popular culture. As a writer and performer, <mask> was a central figure in literary and performance history of Indigenous women in Canada. Of her importance, Mohawk writer Beth Brant wrote "<mask>'s physical

masks:
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Pauline Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 body died in 1913, but her spirit still communicates to us who are Native women writers. She walked the writing path clearing the brush for us to follow." <mask> influence over other female Indigenous Canadian writers was expressed by their references to her throughout various decades, for example:

 1989 - Poet Joan Crate (Metis) referred to <mask> in the title of her book of poetry Pale as Real Ladies: Poems for <mask>.2000 - Jeannette Armstrong (Okanagan) opened her novel Whispering in Shadows with <mask>'s poem "Moonset". 2002 - Poet Janet Rogers (Mohawk) published her play Pauline and Emily, Two Women, recasting <mask> as a friend and interlocutor of Canadian artist <mask>, who often painted Indigenous life as decayed and dying. 1993 - Shelley Niro (Mohawk) made a film, It Starts With a Whisper, that includes a reading of <mask>'s "The Song My Paddle Sings". Broadcaster Rosanna Deerchild (Cree) remembers stumbling across "The Cattle Thief" in the public library: "I hand-copied that entire poem right then and there and carried it around with me, reading it over and over." Later she wrote a poem about <mask> entitled "she writes us alive." There are numerous other examples of contemporary Indigenous artists, women and men alike, who were inspired by <mask>, notably within Canadian literature. Canadian government
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, government policies towards Indigenous Canadians were increasingly cruel.Across the continent, Indigenous children were forcibly removed to residential schools; on the Prairies, communities such as the Dogrib, Cree and Blackfoot were confined to artificial

masks:
Johnson
Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Emily Carr
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 reserves; settler attitudes towards the Dominion's original inhabitants curdled and hardened. <mask> critiqued some Canadian policies that resulted in such legalized and justified mistreatment of Indigenous peoples. For example, in her poem "A Cry From an Indian Wife", the final verse reads:

Because of the Indian Act and faulty scientific blood quantum racial determinism, <mask> was often belittled by the term "halfbreed". Posthumous honours

 1922: A monument was erected to <mask>  at Stanley Park in the city of Vancouver, BC. 1945: <mask> was designated a Person of National Historic Significance. 1953: Chiefswood, <mask>'s childhood home, constructed in 1856 in Brantford, was listed as a National Historic Site, based on both her and her father's historical significance. It has been preserved as a house museum and is the oldest Indigenous mansion surviving from before Confederation.1961: On the centennial of her birth, <mask> was celebrated with a commemorative stamp bearing her image; she was "the first woman (other than the Queen), the first author, and the first aboriginal Canadian to thus be honored." 1967—: Elementary schools were named in her honour in West Vancouver, British Columbia; Scarborough, Ontario; Hamilton, Ontario; and Burlington, Ontario, and a high school, <mask> Collegiate & Vocational School in Brantford. 2004: An Ontario Historical Plaque was erected in front of the Chiefswood house museum by the province to commemorate <mask>'s role in the region's heritage. 2010: Canadian actor Donald Sutherland read the following quote from her poem "Autumn's Orchestra", at the opening ceremonies

masks:
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver:

 2010: Composer <mask> was commissioned to create a song based on <mask>'s poem "At Sunset". His work was sung and recorded by the Canadian Chamber Choir under the artistic direction of Julia Davids. 2014: The City Opera of Vancouver commissioned <mask>, a chamber opera dealing with her life, multicultural identity, and art. The composer is Tobin Stokes, and the libretto was written by Margaret Atwood, both Canadian.The work premiered on 23 May 2014, at the York Theatre in Vancouver. The first opera to be written about <mask>, it is set in the last week of her life. 2015: Juno-nominated Canadian Composer Timothy Corlis was commissioned by the Electra Women's Choir through a Canada Council grant to create a piece of music for Canadian percussionist Beverly Johnston. His piece, "Songs of the White Wampum", sets to music a suite of five of <mask>s poems. 2016: <mask> was one of five finalists of significant women to be featured on Canadian banknotes;  Viola Desmond won the contest. Complete literary works

Dated publications
This list cites the first known publication of individual texts, as well as first appearance in one of <mask>'s books, based on the work of Veronica Jane Strong-Boag and Carole Gerson. 1883
 Gems of Poetry
 "My Little Jean"
 1884
 Gems of Poetry
 "The Rift.Etchings by an Idler of Muskoka and the Beautiful North"
 "Charming Word Pictures. Etchings by a Muskoka Idler"
 "Charming Word Pictures. The Skater"
 "Glimpse at the Grand River Indians"
 "The Song My Paddle Sings"
 "At Sunset"
 "Rainfall"
 "Sail and Paddle"
 "The Avenger"
 Sunday Globe
 "A

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Jeff Enns
Johnson
Pauline
Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 Strong Race Opinion: on the Indian Girl in Modern Fiction"
 Weekly Detroit Free Press
 "On Wings of Steel"
 "A Brother Chief"
 "The Game of Lacrosse"
 "Reckless Young Canada"
 1893
 American Canoe Club Yearbook
 "The Portage"
 Canadian Magazine
 "The Birds' Lullaby"
 Dominion Illustrated
 "A Red Girl's Reasoning" retitled "A Sweet Wild Flower"
 Illustrated Buffalo Express
 "Sail and Paddle. The Annual Meeting of the Canoe Association"
 Outing
 "Outdoor Pastimes for Women", columns in the Monthly Record
 "A Week in the 'Wild Cat'"
 Saturday Night
 "The Mariner"
 "Brier"
 "Canoe and Canvas"
 "Princes of the Paddle"
 "Wolverine"
 Weekly Detroit Free Press
 "The Song My Paddle Sings", retitled "Canoeing in Canada"
 1894
 Acta Victoriana
 "In Freshet Time"
 Art Calendar, illustrated by Robert Holmes
 "Thistledown"
 Globe
 "There and Back, by Miss Poetry (E. <mask>), and Mr Prose (Owen A. Smily)", 15 December, 3–4. Harper's Weekly
 "The Iroquois of the Grand River"
 Ladies' Journal
 "In Gray Days"
 Outing
 "Moon-Set"
 The Varsity
 "Marsh-Lands"
 The Week
 "The Cattle Thief"
 1895
 Black and White
 "The Lifting of the Mist"
 Brantford Expositor
 "The Six Nations"
 Globe
 "The Races in Prose and Verse, by Miss Poetry and Mr Prose"
 Halifax Herald
 "Iroquois Women of Canada"
 Our Animal Friends
 "From the Country of the Cree"
 The Rudder
 "Sou'wester"
 "Canoe and Canvas. I"
 "Canoe and Canvas. II"
 "Canoe and Canvas.Ill"
 "Canoe and Canvas. IV"
 "Becalmed"
 The Year Book
 "The White and the Green"
 The White Wampum
 Previous publication unknown: "Dawendine", "Ojistoh"
 1896
 Black and White
 "Low Tide at St


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 [performed 1899], "The Sleeping Giant", "A Toast", "Your Mirror Frame". Clippings at McMaster University

 "In the Shadows.My Version. By the Pasha" n.p. "Traverse Bay" n.p. "Winnipeg – At Sunset" Free Press. "Interesting Description, by a Descendant of the Mohawks, of Tutela Heights, Ontario" Boston Evening Transcript. Unpublished writings

Dated manuscripts

 1876. "The Fourth Act"
 1878."Think of Me"
 1879. "My Jeanie"
 1890. "Dear little girl from far / Beyond the seas"
 1901. "Morrowland" dated Holy Saturday
 1906. "Witchcraft and the Winner"

Undated manuscripts

 Early fragment, "alas how damning praise can be"
 Epigraph, "But all the poem was soul of me"
 "The Battleford Trail" c. 1902–1903
 "If Only I Could Know" (published as "In Days to Come")
 "The Mouse's Message"
 "'Old Maids' Children"
 "The Stings of Civilization"
 "Tillicum Talks"
 "To C.H.W." Pale as Real Ladies: Poems for <mask>, London, ON: Brick Books, 1991. <mask> (Tekahionwake), E. <mask>.E. <mask> Tekahionwake: Collected Poems and Selected Prose. Ed. Carole Gerson and Veronica Strong-Boag. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002. Keller, Betty. <mask>: A Biography of <mask>. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1981. .
 Mackay, Isabel E. <mask> : a reminiscence .1913. McRaye, Walter. <mask> and Her Friends. Toronto: Ryerson, 1947. Poet, Princess, Possession: Remembering <mask>, 1913, in Seeing Red: A History of Natives in Canadian Newspapers, by Mark Cronlund Anderson and Carmen L. Robertson (University of Manitoba Press, 2011

External links

 Biography of <mask> Johnston at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

 Chiefswood

masks:
Pauline Johnson
Johnson
Pauline
Pauline Johnson
Pauline
Pauline Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Pauline Johnson
Emily Pauline


title: E. Pauline Johnson

texts:
 National Historic Site
 "<mask>." Opera by Atwood and Stokes. 2014

Works

 Selected Poetry of E. <mask> - Biography and 5 poems (Brier: Good Friday, Flint and Feather, The Pilot of the Plains, Shadow River: Muskoka, The Song my Paddle Sings)
 1895.The White Wampum. London: John Lane. Poems by E<mask> <mask>

1861 births
1913 deaths
19th-century Canadian poets
20th-century Canadian poets
Canadian people of English descent
Canadian women poets
Canadian Mohawk people
Writers from Ontario
People from the County of Brant
Deaths from breast cancer
Deaths from cancer in British Columbia
Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
20th-century Canadian women writers
19th-century Canadian women writers
First Nations poets
First Nations women writers
19th-century First Nations writers
20th-century First Nations writers
Canadian people of Dutch

masks:
Pauline
Pauline Johnson
. Pauline
Johnson


title: Wei-Yin Chen

texts:
Wei-<mask> (; born July 21, 1985) is a Taiwanese professional baseball pitcher for the Hanshin Tigers in the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He previously played in the Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles and Miami Marlins, and in the NPB for the Chunichi Dragons and Chiba Lotte Marines. <mask> was the highest-paid baseball player of the 2020 MLB season at $22 million. Early life
<mask> was born in Kaohsiung County, Taiwan. He attended Ciao-Tou Junior High School and Kaoyuan Vocational High School, which was also attended by former Major League  pitcher Tsao Chin-Hui and several other Chinese Professional Baseball League players. Professional career

Chunichi Dragons

He was a pitcher for the Chunichi Dragons in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) from 2004 through 2011. <mask> had Tommy John surgery at the end of 2006 season.His best season in Japan came in 2009 when he posted a 1.54 earned run average (ERA) to lead the league. When he came out of the Nippon League, FanGraphs described him as being an extreme control pitcher with poor velocity. A clause implemented into his contract with Chunichi allowed him to opt out after the 2011 season at age 26. Baltimore Orioles

2012 season

After the 2011 season, <mask> signed as an international free agent with the Baltimore Orioles. <mask> was the first Taiwanese player ever signed by the Orioles. He made his MLB debut on April 10, 2012 against the New York Yankees in Baltimore. The game was broadcast live on national television in native Taiwan, and <mask> totaled 5 innings and gave up two earned runs striking out six in a no-decision that the Orioles would later go on to lose in extra innings.In total, <mask> finished the season leading the team with 32 starts during which he totaled 12 wins and 11 losses and posted an ERA of 4.02 in 192.2 innings pitched. In 2012, <mask> was "the only constant in the (Orioles) rotation"

masks:
Yin Chen
Chen
Wei Yin Chen
Chen
Chen
Chen
Chen
Chen
Chen


title: Wei-Yin Chen

texts:
 and was consistent throughout the year. <mask> finished fourth in the AL for Rookie of the Year voting. 2013 season
Coming out of spring training, <mask> won the number two spot in the Orioles' starting rotation behind Jason Hammel. <mask> set a goal to throw 200 innings on the season. In his first three starts, he lacked run support and went 0–2 despite posting a 4.00 ERA. On May 15, 2013, the Orioles placed <mask> on the disabled list, his first-ever stint there, with an injury to his right oblique.In his return from the disabled list on July 10, 2013, <mask> pitched seven innings in a matchup against the Texas Rangers striking out four and allowing three hits, earning the win. Overall in 2013, <mask> finished 7–7 with a 4.07 ERA in 23 starts. During the 2013 off-season, <mask> underwent knee surgery to remove bone spurs. 2014 season
<mask> pitched a season-high of eight strikeouts in a win against the Seattle Mariners on August 1, 2014. He dedicated the win to victims of the 2014 Kaohsiung gas explosions, which occurred hours earlier in his hometown. On September 10, <mask> picked up his 15th win of the season against the Boston Red Sox and carried a perfect game into the sixth inning until Dan Butler's first major league hit. <mask> finished the season with a 16–6 record and 3.54 ERA over  innings.In game 3 of the 2014 ALCS on October 14, <mask> pitched  innings on 80 pitches and gave up 2 runs in a loss against the Kansas City Royals. <mask> became the first Taiwanese pitcher to start an ALCS game. 2015 season

On June 26, 2015, <mask> became the second Taiwanese-born player to have 100 career starts in the major leagues (after Chien-Ming Wang), allowing two runs and striking out five over six innings in a no decision against the Cleveland Indians. Despite only recording a 4–5 record at the break, <mask> pitched to a 2.78 ERA and a 1.09 WHIP, along with 90 strikeouts in 110 innings

masks: Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen


title: Wei-Yin Chen

texts:
 over the first half of the season. <mask> finished the season with an 11–8 record and a career-best 3.34 ERA over  innings pitched. Miami Marlins

2016 season

On January 13, 2016, <mask> agreed to a five-year contract worth US$80 million with the Miami Marlins. <mask> was named the starting pitcher for the opening day of the 2016 season, becoming the second Taiwanese pitcher to make a start on opening day since Chien-Ming Wang in 2008.On January 25, 2017, <mask> was announced as the cover athlete for the Taiwanese version of MLB The Show 17. In his first season as a Marlin, <mask> went 5–5 in 22 starts after spending some time on the disabled list with an injury. He posted the worst ERA of his career, finishing at 4.96 in 123 innings. 2017 season
On April 8, <mask> hit his first major league hit, an infield single off New York Mets' Starting Pitcher Zack Wheeler. He was placed on the disabled list after 5 starts due to a partial UCL tear. He was activated off the disabled list on September 4 and would pitch out of the bullpen. 2018 season
<mask> made his first start on April 28 vs. the Rockies after going almost a year without a big league start, getting the win, pitching  innings giving up just 1 run on 4 hits, 2 walks and 3 strikeouts.On July 24, <mask> hit his first major league double, off Atlanta Braves' Starting Pitcher Julio Teherán. 2019 season
<mask> was designated for assignment on November 20, 2019. He was released and became a free agent on November 27. Seattle Mariners

On January 30, 2020, <mask> signed a minor league contract with the Seattle Mariners. <mask> was released by the Mariners organization on June 25, 2020. Despite being released, <mask> was the highest-paid baseball player of the 2020 MLB season at $22 million. Chiba Lotte Marines
On September 22, 2020, <mask> signed with the Chiba Lotte Marines of NPB.On December 2, 2020, he became a free agent. Hanshin

masks: Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen


title: Wei-Yin Chen

texts:
 Tigers
On December 22, 2020, <mask> signed with the Hanshin Tigers of NPB for the 2021 season. International career
<mask> played for the Chinese Taipei National Team in the 2004 and 2008 Olympic Games. Scouting report
<mask> is an "extreme flyball pitcher", at one point having an HR/9 innings of 1.3, way above MLB average. <mask> pitches from a three-quarters arm slot and throws a four-seam fastball averaging 91–92 mph (tops out at 95–96 mph). In addition, he throws a two-seamer, a slider, a changeup, and an occasional curveball. Since he previously pitched in Japan where he started on five days rest rather than four, with the Orioles he initially had durability issues and was 0–4 in his last seven starts in 2012.<mask> has been described as a legitimate middle-of-the-rotation starter. An opposing scout said, "I watched Wei-Yin <mask> and swore I was watching Tom Glavine. He has such an effortless delivery and an above-average change up, and knows how to pitch inside." Philanthropy
In 2012, <mask> started a baseball scholarship program for Taiwanese students, contributing funds based on statistical milestones reached per season. He expanded the charity's efforts in 2015, to cover animal protection and children's welfare. See also
 List of Major League Baseball players from Taiwan

References

External links

NPB career stats

1985 births
Living people
Baltimore Orioles players
Baseball players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Baseball players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Baseball players from Kaohsiung
Bowie Baysox players
Chiba Lotte Marines players
Chunichi Dragons players
Hanshin Tigers players
Miami Marlins players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball players from Taiwan
Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers
Olympic baseball players of Taiwan
Taiwanese expatriate baseball players in Japan
Taiwanese expatriate baseball players in the United States
Taiwanese people of

masks: Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen Chen


title: Milton Glaser

texts:
<mask> (June 26, 1929June 26, 2020) was an American graphic designer. His designs include the I Love New York logo, the psychedelic Bob Dylan poster, and the logos for DC Comics, Stony Brook University, and Brooklyn Brewery. In 1954, he also co-founded Push Pin Studios, co-founded New York magazine with Clay Felker, and established Milton Glaser, Inc. In 1969, he produced and designed "Short Subject," commonly known as "Mickey Mouse in Vietnam," a short 16mm antiwar film directed by Whitney Lee Savage (father of Adam Savage of Mythbusters). His artwork has been featured in exhibits, and placed in permanent collections in many museums worldwide. Throughout his long career, he designed many posters, publications and architectural designs. He received many awards for his work, including the National Medal of the Arts award from President Barack Obama in 2009 and was the first graphic designer to receive this award.Life and career
Glaser was born in The Bronx, New York City. His parents, Eugene and Eleanor (née Bergman), were Hungarian Jewish immigrants. The family resided in the South Bronx. His father owned a dry-cleaning and tailoring shop; his mother was a homemaker. Glaser took drawing classes with artists Raphael and Moses Soyer before attending the High School of Music & Art in Manhattan. After graduating from the Cooper Union in New York City, Reynold Ruffins, Seymour Chwast, Edward Sorel and Glaser founded Push Pin Studios in 1954. Glaser joined after his return from Italy.In 1957, the Push Pin Monthly Graphic was sent out to friends and clients. The studio's work rejected tradition and favored "reinvigorated interpretations of historical styles".


title: Milton Glaser

texts:
 <mask> and Seymour Chwast directed Push Pin Studios for twenty years, while it became a guiding reference in the world of graphic design. The studio "redefined and expanded the imprimatur of the designer, illustrator, and visual culture at large". Glaser started his own design firm, Milton Glaser Inc., in 1974 and left Push Pin Studios the following year. In 1983, Glaser formed a partnership with Walter Bernard and established a publication design firm called WBMG in New York City. WBMG has designed more than 50 magazines, newspapers and periodicals around the world.Over his career, <mask> personally designed and illustrated more than 400 posters. <mask> drew heavily from early 20th century artists to create his own signature style that consisted of playful, psychedelic graphics with controlled blasts of colors along with silhouettes and bold geometric outlines. His work is displayed in the Cooper Hewitt National Design Museum, New York; the Victoria and Albert Museum, London; and the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. His work has also been featured in exhibits internationally. He had one-man shows at the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris and the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. In 1988, Glaser designed the New York City Shelly Fireman-owned Italianate eatery Trattoria Dell'Arte across from Carnegie Hall. Glaser was the subject of the 2008 documentary film To Inform and Delight: The World of <mask>.A tribute to Glaser, still working in his 90th year, was published in The New York Times in 2019. <mask> died of a stroke and renal failure in New York City on his 91st birthday. Works

Bob Dylan poster
In 1966, Glaser designed a poster for Bob Dylan's Greatest

masks:
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Glaser
Milton
Milton Glaser
Glaser


title: Milton Glaser

texts:
 Hits. It was one of Glaser's first posters. The poster depicts the profile of Dylan's face with psychedelic, swirly hair, with "Dylan" written at the bottom in Baby Teeth, one of <mask>'s typefaces. His inspiration for the poster was Marcel Duchamp's 1957 Self-Portrait; and Art Nouveau, "That was an influence for the colors and shapes in the picture." Six million posters have been printed and distributed, and sell for hundreds of dollars as collectables.I Love New York logo

One of Glaser's most recognizable works is his I Love New York logo. In the mid-1970s, New York City's crime rate was up and the city was widely perceived to be dangerous and was on the verge of bankruptcy. In 1977, the State of New York hired advertising agency Wells Rich Greene and <mask> to design a logo to increase tourism. It was Glaser who came up with the design while sitting in the back of a taxi cab on the way to the meeting. The logo consists of the capital "I" and a red heart, stacked on top of the letters "NY" in American Typewriter typeface, symbolizing New York. His inspiration for the logo was Robert Indiana's LOVE design, with the four letters stacked on top of each other. "Glaser loved New York so much that he gave his work to the city for free, hoping it would become public property."The logo earns New York state $30 million each year and has become a pop culture icon. It is reproduced on everything from coffee cups to T-shirts and hats. The logo can be seen everywhere in New York City. Robert Indiana's work influenced Glaser who in turn has inspired other designers to create variations on the layout, for example "I Heart Radio". The state has filed nearly 3,000

masks:
Glaser
Milton Glaser


title: Jan van de Cappelle

texts:
<mask> (or Joannes / <mask> / Capelle in various combinations; 25 January 1626 (baptized) – 22 December 1679 (buried)) was a Dutch Golden Age painter of seascapes and winter landscapes, also notable as an industrialist and art collector. He is "now considered the outstanding marine painter of 17th century Holland". He lived all his life in Amsterdam, and as well as working as an artist spent much, or most, of his time helping to manage his father Franchoy's large dyeworks, which specialized in the expensive dye carmine, and which he eventually inherited in 1674. Presumably because of this dual career, there are fewer than 150 surviving paintings, a relatively small number for the industrious painters of the Dutch Golden Age. His marine paintings usually show estuary or river scenes rather than the open sea, and the water is always very calm, allowing it to act as a mirror reflecting the cloud formations above; this effect was Cappelle's speciality. Life

His father (1594–1674) was a cloth-dyer, his mother came from Rotterdam; they married in 1622 in Amsterdam. Joannes' baptism is recorded in the Nieuwe Kerk, Amsterdam on 25 January 1626.He was described (by Gerbrand <mask> Eeckhout) as a self-taught artist, but probably received some form of training from <mask> Vlieger, whose style he copied or is closest to his early paintings, and perhaps other masters such as <mask> <mask> the <mask>. He received the citizenship of Amsterdam on 24 July 1653, an essentially honorific ceremony for one of the city elite. A few months before, on 2 February 1653, he had married Annetje <mask>. Grotingh, the daughter of a bricklayer. <mask> <mask> was a very

masks:
Jan van de Cappelle
van der
van den
Simon de
Willem van
de Velde
Elder
Jansdr
Van de
Cappelle


title: Jan van de Cappelle

texts: wealthy man who never needed to rely on his painting for his livelihood, and it is not known if he joined the city's Guild of Saint Luke, or the separate "brotherhood of painters" founded in 1653. Whether he sold his work, or how he did so, is unclear. Abraham Bredius suggested <mask> <mask> was a friend of Rembrandt, at whose insolvency sales in 1656 and 1658 he was a large buyer, and who painted portraits of him and his wife.It has been speculated that he may have used his business contacts to help obtain the commission for Rembrandt's last, and financially very useful, group portrait commission, the Syndics of the Drapers' Guild of 1662. His earliest dated painting is an important and already highly accomplished one from 1645, and only one is dated in the 1660s. From this most authors assume he devoted his later years to his business, in which his brother Franchois also worked. In May 1661 he bought a house in the Koestraat, near Nieuwmarkt, moving from the even more expensive Keizersgracht. The house with a garden, next to a school, was sold by a son  of Sweelinck, and in the deed of purchase <mask> <mask> is simply called schilder (painter) and not a master painter. His wife predeceased him in 1677, and <mask> <mask> himself was buried in the Nieuwe Kerk on 22 December 1679. He left seven children.The inventory of his property at death has survived and is the main source of information about his impressive art collection. It took seven months to list all. He left his children six houses, a country house south of Loenen on the river Vecht (Utrecht), a pleasure yacht, "44 bags of ducats", silk and bonds together valued at 92,720

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van de
Cappelle
van de
Cappelle


title: Jan van de Cappelle

texts:
 guilders. A lengthy list of the items from his splendid wardrobe was made, (including his violet stockings) as well as a list of his large and important art collection. Works

The majority of his works are marine or river views, nearly always with several vessels, but he also left a number of small winter landscapes somewhat in the manner of Aert <mask> Neer; these all seem to date between 1652 and 1654. His seascapes (using the term loosely) may be large or small; the nine examples in the National Gallery, London, the largest group in a single collection, vary between 122 x 154.5 cm (NG 967: 48 x 61 inches) and 34.8 x 48.1 cm (NG 865: 14 x 19 inches). He had no interest in rough seas or cloudless skies, showing large cloudy skies, with the horizon low, about 15-20% of the way up the vertical axis.The clouds are often mirrored in the dead calm water, although light ripples may be shown. As is often the case in Dutch seascapes, there is often a warship or "statenjacht" ("States yacht"), an official yacht used for transport, official salutes and other business. The edge of the composition often slices through vessels, leaving them half seen. <mask> Cappelle painted many parade marine subjects, depicting "a formal gathering of ships for a ceremonial occasion". Other paintings, mostly smaller and of less busy subjects, a type often called "calms", show "an all-pervading luminous atmosphere that softens all outlines and unifies forms and local colours", or as Kenneth Clark puts it, "When sky was reflected on water, there was achieved that unity of luminous atmosphere which is ... the whole point of <mask> de Capelle and van de Velde". In his

masks:
van der
Van de
van


title: Jan van de Cappelle

texts:
 early works he followed the muted palette of the "tonal school", but enlived with local highlights of bright colour, but moved in his later works to "a warmer golden tonality, exceptionally allowing himself a greater colouristic exuberance when setting the rosy glow of a sunset sky against water of a deep turquoise blue, as in the River Scene with Sailing Vessels (Rotterdam, Boymans–van Beuningen Museum)". According to his leading scholar, Margarita Russell, "More than any other artist of his time, with the exception only of Rembrandt, <mask> Cappelle was a painter of light".<mask> made a small number of etchings; only two signed ones of landscapes are now firmly attributed to him. Fewer than twenty of the nearly 750 of his own drawings in the 1680 inventory have survived identifiably. Art collection

He had one of the largest art collections of his day, with 192 paintings and over 7,000 drawings, nearly all Dutch with a few Flemish works, and concentrating heavily on his own specialisms of marine painting and winter landscapes. He had portraits of himself by both Rembrandt (one of a pair with his wife) and Frans Hals, and he is the only person known to have been painted by both of the greatest Dutch portraitists. However, if they survive the identity of both paintings has been lost. The Rembrandt was claimed to be a portrait of an artist of 1648, once at Castle Howard, and in 1961 Norton Simon bought a Hals then called a portrait of Cappelle, but now just Portrait of a Young Man. There were also portraits by Gerbrandt <mask> Eeckhout and <mask> Noordt, also untraced.The collection had major groups as follows:
Rembrandt: 7 paintings and

masks:
van de
Cappelle
van den
Jan van


title: Jan van de Cappelle

texts:
 five portfolios with over 500 drawings, including 56 "histories", an album of 135 drawings of women and children, and 300 landscape drawings - almost all those known of the last two types. This was the largest group of Rembrandt drawings ever owned by a collector. <mask> Vlieger: 9 paintings and over 1,300 drawings including one unfinished painting,
<mask> Goyen: 10 paintings and over 400 drawings
<mask>s: 16 paintings
Hendrick Avercamp: paintings and nearly 900 drawings
Hercules Segers: 5 paintings, a large proportion of his known output and perhaps bought from Rembrandt. There were seven paintings listed, one unfinished, made by <mask> <mask> himself, but between 800 drawings, perhaps around 1150, including works described as copies by him after Porcellis and <mask>lieger
Several portfolios with drawings by Esias <mask> <mask> (88), <mask> Laer (41), Willem Buytewech (86), <mask> Molijn (57), and Allaert <mask> (52)

The collection included paintings by <mask>, Hendrick Goltzius, Paulus Potter, Adam Elsheimer, Dürer, David Vinckboons, Pieter Aertsen, Holbein, Jacob Pynas, <mask> Molenaer, Maarten <mask>, Frans Floris, Philips Koninck and Pieter Lastman; Flemish artists represented included Rubens (three paintings), Van Dyck, Jacob Jordaens, Pieter Bruegel the Elder and Adriaen Brouwer. <mask> Capelle owned 83 drawings by <mask> Uyl. The large groups of drawings by individual artists suggest that he had bought their studio stock of working drawings complete after their death or retirement. The Rembrandt drawings were probably acquired at his insolvency sales in 1656 and 1658.Reputation and location of works
<mask> Cappelle had a

masks:
Simon de
Jan van
Jan Porcelli
van de
Cappelle
de V
van de
Velde
Pieter van
Pieter de
van Everdingen
Jan Lievens
Jan Miense
van Heemskerck
Van de
Jan den
Van de


title: Jan van de Cappelle

texts:
 considerable influence on painters of both marine and winter subjects, including <mask> <mask> the Younger in the former group, <mask> Kessel in the latter, and Hendrick Dubbels in both. <mask> Cappelle does not seem to have participated much in the commercial art world of his day, which may account for his absence from all the contemporary collections of artists' biographies such as the over 500 lives by Arnold Houbraken's in his De groote schouwburg der Nederlandsche kunstschilders en schilderessen – "The Great Theatre of Dutch Painters", (1718–21). Joachim von Sandrart (1606–1688) and <mask> Hoogstraten (1627–1678) also overlook him. This was also probably partly the result of the biographers' following contemporary prejudices against marine, landscape, and still life painting, regarded as the lowest in the hierarchy of genres. He was for long perhaps better known in England than Holland, and the distribution of his works still reflects this. The largest collection of his work is the nine paintings in London, as mentioned above. There are works in the Rijksmuseum, the Mauritshuis, Rijksmuseum Twenthe, in the Getty Museum, Metropolitan Museum of Art, National Museum of Wales, Detroit Institute of Arts, Manchester Art Gallery (3), Nationalmuseum, Wallraf-Richartz Museum and elsewhere.Notes

References
Richard Green Gallery, A Winter Landscape and biography
"Grove", Russell Margarita, <mask> <mask> in Grove Art Online, accessed April 1, 2010
Neil MacLaren, The Dutch School, 1600–1800, Volume I, 1991, National Gallery Catalogues, National Gallery, London,
Michel, Emil, Rembrandt, His Life, his Work, and his Time, Heinemann, 1894
Seymour

masks:
Willem van
de Velde
Jan van
Van de
Samuel van
Jan van
de Cappelle


title: Jan van de Cappelle

texts:
 Slive, Dutch Painting, 1600–1800, Yale UP, 1995,

Further reading
Russell, Margarita. <mask> <mask> 1624/6-1679, Lewis, Leigh-on-Sea, 1975 ,

External links

Rembrandt drawings
Getty Museum biography
National Gallery collection

1621 births
1679 deaths
Dutch marine artists
Dutch Golden Age painters
Dutch male painters
Businesspeople from Amsterdam
Art collectors from Amsterdam
Painters from Amsterdam
Burials at the Nieuwe Kerk,

masks:
Jan van
de Cappelle


title: Pyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy

texts:
Count <mask> (; 1645–1729) was a Russian statesman and diplomat, prominent during and after the reign of Peter the Great. He was the ancestor of all the Counts Tolstoy, including the novelist <mask> (September 9 [O.S. August 28], 1828 – November 20 [O.S. November 7], 1910) and <mask> the writer. His wife was Solomonic Timofeevna Dubrovskaya born 1660 and died 1722; he had two sons with her, Ivan (born 1685) and Peter (born 1680). Both his sons died in exile with him the year before his own death. He was, however, survived by many grandchildren: the family was recalled by the Empress Elizabeth, daughter of Peter the Great in 1760, and had all honors and land restored.Background
Some historians assume <mask> <mask> to have been an "okolnichy", while others consider he came from a "boyar" background. He served in 1682 as Chamberlain at the court of childless Tsar Feodor III Alekseevich, Tsar 1676–1682. On account of his family relationship with the Miloslavsky family, he miscalculated the strength of the tsarevna Sophia Alekseyevna, (September 17 [N.S. September 27], 1657 – regent of Russia (1682–1689) – July 3 [N.S. July 14], 1704), full  sister of Feodor III and third daughter, also,  of Tsar Alexei I of Russia by his first wife, Maria Miloslavskaya and became one of her most energetic supporters, but contrived to join the other, and winning, side just before the final catastrophe. Peter was the only son of Tsar Alexei I of Russia's second marriage (to Nataliya Kyrillovna Naryshkina), and therefore, was the younger half-brother of childless Tsar Feodor III and of Sophia, temporary regent of Russia. For a long time Peter kept his latest supporter at arm's length.However, in 1697, <mask> volunteered to go to Venice to learn Italian and ship-building, and Peter could not

masks:
Pyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy
Alexei Tolstoy
Pyotr
Tolstoy
Tolstoy


title: Pyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy

texts:
 resist the subtle flattery implied in such a proposal from a middle-aged Muscovite noble. Career
In November 1701, <mask> was appointed the first regularly accredited Russian ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, known as The  Sublime Porte, and in this demanding role, he more than justified the confidence of the most exacting of masters. Even before Poltava, Tolstoy had the greatest difficulty in preventing the Turks from aiding the Swedes. When Charles XII took refuge on Turkish soil, Tolstoy instantly demanded his extradition. This diplomatic blunder only irritated the already alarmed Turks, and on 10 October 1710, Tolstoy was thrown into the Seven Towers, a proceeding tantamount to a declaration of war against Russia. On his release, in 1714, he returned to Russia, was created a senator, and closely associated himself with the omnipotent favourite, Aleksandr Menshikov. In 1717, his position during Peter's reign was secured once and for all by his successful mission to Naples to bring back the unfortunate tsarevich Alexei Petrovich, (28 February 1690 – by death penalty authorised by one hundred twenty six members of the equivalent of the Russian Duma following the wishes of his father, 7 July 1718, aged twenty-eight), the son of Tsar Peter I whom he may be said to have literally hunted to death.For this, <mask> earned the undying hatred of the majority of the Russian people; but Tsar Peter I naturally regarded it as an inestimable service and loaded <mask> with honours and riches, appointing him, moreover, the head of the Secret Chancellery, or official torture chamber, a post for which <mask>, nearly eighty years old by then, was by nature eminently fitted, as his vigorous prosecution of the Mons Affair (1724) made clear. He materially assisted Aleksandr Menshikov to

masks: Tolstoy Tolstoy Tolstoy Tolstoy


title: Pyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy

texts: raise the empress consort, to become Catherine I, (deceased less than two years later in 1727), to the throne on the decease of Peter in 1725, and the new sovereign made him a count and one of the six members of the newly instituted Supreme Privy Council (Верховный тайный совет). Tolstoy was well aware that the elevation of the grand duke Peter II, son of the tsarevich Alexei, grandson of Piotr I would put an end to his own career and endanger his whole family. Tsar Peter II Alexeyvich, here above, was the son of tsarevich Alexei Petrovich "Romanov", executed at age twenty-eight, the widower at twenty-five of German Princess Charlotte Christine, sister in law of Emperor Charles VI of Austria, would be King Charles III Habsburg of Spain, defeated in the Spanish Succession War however, before 1713. Peter II, grandson of Peter I of Russia, was Tsar of Russia aged twelve, for three years, and died aged fifteen. One of the next "Bourbon"  Kings of Imperial Spain would be called Charles III of Spain, from a "winning Bourbon" father and a "Farnesio" woman to take thus out all traces or remembrances of the later Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI of Austria former battles for succession in Spain. Therefore, when Menshikov, during the last days of Catherine I, declared in favour of Peter, Tolstoy endeavoured to form a party of his own whose object it was to promote the accession of Catherine's second daughter, the tsarevna Elizabeth.But Menshikov was too strong and too quick for his ancient colleague. On the very day of Empress Catherine I death (11 May 1727), <mask>, now in his eighty-second year, was banished to the Solovetsky Monastery in the White Sea, where he died two years later. <mask> <mask> is the author of a sketch of the impressions made upon him by Western Europe during

masks: Tolstoy Pyotr Tolstoy


title: Pyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy

texts:
 his tour in the years 1697–1698 and also of a detailed description of the Black Sea. Descendants
Not all the later family lineages of nobility bearing the last name of <mask> list <mask> Andreyevich as their ancestor. However, it is among his direct descendants in the male line where we find all the known Tolstoy writers, among them <mask>, Aleksey Konstantinovich <mask>, and Aleksey Nikolayevich <mask> (the former and the latter having notable descendants as well). There were a number of statesmen and soldiers descending from <mask> Andreyevich, as Education and Interior Minister <mask>. His other notable descendants were such literati as the pioneering Russian philosopher <mask> Chaadayev and Vladimir Odoyevsky.Notes

References

 Tolstoi, P., The Travel Diary of Peter Tolstoi: A Muscovite in Early Modern Europe. Translated by Max.J. Okenfuss. De Kalb, (1987). Hardcover, Northern Illinois University Press,  (0-87580-130-7). The Rise and Fall of Latin Humanism in Early-Modern Russia: Pagan Authors, Ukrainians, and the Resiliency of Muscovy,  by Max J. Okenfuss,  Hardcover, Brill Academic Publishers,  (90-04-10331-7). Leiden, (Holland),  (1995).Isabel de Madariaga. Politics and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia: Collected Essays. London and New York: Longman, (1998). viii + 304 pp. ; . Further reading
 Mazon, A., „Pierre Tolstoi et Pierre le Grand”, in Analecta Slavica, Amsterdam, 1955, pp. 19–55

Counts of the Russian Empire
<mask> Andreyevich
Politicians of the Russian Empire
Secret service personnel of the Russian Empire
1645 births
1729 deaths
Diplomats of the Russian Empire
Ambassadors of the Russian Empire to the Ottoman Empire
17th-century Russian people
18th-century Russian diplomats
Members of the Supreme Privy Council
Recipients of the Order of the White

masks:
Tolstoy
Pyotr
Leo Tolstoy
Tolstoy
Tolstoy
Pyotr
Dmitry Tolstoy
Pyotr
Pyotr


title: Josh Heinrichs

texts:
<mask> is an American reggae singer/songwriter who was the former lead singer of internationally known indie reggae band, Jah Roots and current owner/operator of indie reggae record label, GanJah Records. Since leaving the band in 2008, Heinrichs has launched a successful solo career and has released several albums, including a #1 Billboard charting release with Good Vibes in 2016. History
Junior Marvin of Bob Marley & The Wailers was quoted about Heinrichs, saying “<mask> is one of those guys who comes along and fills his music with such an inspiration and with such energy that it translates so easily and positively to anyone hearing it. He is a rare talent in both his ability to craft a song with a certain timeless quality to it, and then, man, his voice, well, I mean, damn, the kid can sing as good as anyone out there; a bright future – that one.”

<mask> released his first solo EP in July 2009, "Things Change" a 6-song EP on GanJah Records. In late 2009 <mask> released a statement that he had recorded a full album of reggae classics and covers entitled Favorites with friend Cas Haley due to be released in 2010 via Jim Slaton and his label, Big Karma Records, but the album was being indefinitely shelved due to Jim Slaton's untimely death from a heart attack. Although songs were used from the album for both Heinrichs' and Haley's 2010 albums. In 2010 <mask> released his first live solo album, Live in Hawaii, recorded from his 2009 performance at The Kulia Roots Fest in Honolulu, Hawaii.Heinrichs was backed by the Hawaii reggae band Gomega for this performance. On September 28, 2010, <mask> released his first full-length solo studio album, <mask> and Friends to a #4 debut on USA iTunes Best Selling Reggae Albums. The album also debuted on Amazon's Top 20 Best Selling Reggae Albums. For this album Heinrichs worked with reggae artists,

masks:
Josh Heinrichs
Josh
Heinrichs
Heinrichs
Heinrichs
Heinrichs
Josh Heinrichs


title: Josh Heinrichs

texts:
 including Aston Barrett, Hani Totorewa of Katchafire, Caleb Keolanui of The Green, Koko of Inna Vision, Cas Haley and more. On May 17, 2011, <mask>' second full-length solo studio album, Jah Roots, was officially released internationally, debuting as Amazon's #1 hottest-selling reggae album and at #6 on iTunes(USA) Top 200 Best Selling Reggae Albums. The Emergency Spliff album with Heinrichs former Jah Roots bandmate SkillinJah was officially released on August 16, 2011 and debuted at #16 on iTunes Top 200 Best Selling Reggae Albums. Satisfied, Heinrichs' third full-length solo studio album, was released on October 18, 2011 and debuted at #3 on iTunes Top 200 Best Selling Reggae Albums and as Amazons #2 hottest-selling reggae album.Reality, Heinrichs' second collaboration album with his former Jah Roots bandmate, SkillinJah, was released to a #6 debut on iTunes and Amazon's Top Reggae Album on January 22, 2012. In March 2012 Heinrichs brought Junior Marvin of Bob Marley and The Wailers to play lead guitar in his band for a very special one-night-only performance in Heinrichs' hometown of Springfield, Missouri. In October 2012 Heinrichs brought  Marlon Asher from Trinidad and Natural Vibrations from Hawaii to his hometown for his first annual Springfield, Missouri, Reggae festival. The Rooftop Session EP was released March 26, 2013, and immediately debuted at #1 on the iTunes Best selling reggae charts and debuted in its first week at #2 on the Billboard Reggae Charts. Good Vibes, Heinrichs' fourth solo studio album, was officially released March 11, 2016 and debuted at #1 on the Billboard, iTunes and Amazon Reggae Charts. The Best Yet, Heinrichs' first "Greatest Hits" album, was officially released November 25, 2016, and debuted at #13 on the Billboard, #4 on iTunes Reggae and #2 on Amazon Reggae Charts. GanJah Records
GanJah Records is a


title: Josh Heinrichs

texts:
 midwest US reggae record company founded by Heinrichs and his wife, Kaytee.Writing, recording, producing and marketing independent reggae albums worldwide since 2001. To date they have released albums for Jah Roots, <mask>, SkillinJah, 77 Jefferson and Lance Sitton and The Seed. Albums

 <mask> and Friends
On September 28, 2010 <mask> released his first full-length studio album. <mask> and Friends was released internationally on GanJah Records. The mostly duets album featured appearances by lifelong Bob Marley & The Wailers bassist Aston Barrett, Katchafire keyboardist and vocalist, Hani Totorewa, and America's Got Talent runner up, Cas Haley. The album also featured members of The Green, Inna Vision, Clear Conscience, 77 Jefferson and more. The album debuted at #4 on iTunes Top 200 Best Selling Reggae Albums.On January 20, 2011, the music video for "New Love" Ft. Clear Conscience was officially released via Heinrichs' website, YouTube page and different reggae news websites. On February 23, 2011, the second music video/single "These Days" Ft. 77 Jefferson, from Josh Heinrichs & Friends was officially released via Heinrichs website, YouTube page and different reggae news websites. Jah Roots
On May 17, 2011 Jah Roots, Heinrichs' second full-length studio album was released internationally on GanJah Records to a Top 10 debut on both Amazon and iTunes, actually debuting as Amazon's #1 Hottest Reggae Album. The acoustically driven album is described by Heinrichs as "A collection of his favorite songs from the albums he wrote while in the band, Jah Roots". Emergency Spliff
On August 16, 2011, Heinrichs' label, GanJah Records, released SkillinJah's first online album, Emergency Spliff, to a debut of #16 on iTunes Best Selling Reggae Charts. The album, a mostly acoustic reggae album, featured SkillinJah in combination with his former Jah Roots

masks:
Josh Heinrichs
Josh Heinrichs
Heinrichs
Josh Heinrichs


title: Josh Heinrichs

texts:
 bandmate and songwriting partner, <mask>. The album was entirely co-written by SkillinJah and Heinrichs, during a summer get-together while SkillinJah had returned from his home in Brooklyn, New York, to where he was raised in Missouri to visit family and friends.Satisfied
Heinrichs third full-length solo album, was released October 18, 2011. The album debuted at #3 on iTunes Top 200 Best Selling Reggae Albums and as Amazons #2 Hottest Selling Reggae Album. The 12-track album recorded with the help of a full backing band and digital riddims, featured 3 guest appearances. SkillinJah, Heinrichs' former Jah Roots bandmate on two songs, "Ganja" and "Fight and Fuss", Rexie Adlawan of the Hawaiian reggae band, Inity Collective, joined Heinrichs for his first-ever duet with a female, for the song "What Can I Do", and New Zealander Regan Perry joins for the last song of the album, "Cruisin". The first music video for the album, Satisfied (acoustic version), was released via the GanJah Records website on November 8, 2011. The second music video, Crusin Ft Regan Perry, filmed entirely in New Zealand, was released November 26, 2011, via <mask>s and GanJah Records websites. On February 19, 2012, the third music video Ganja Ft. SkillinJah was officially released via Heinrichs website, YouTube page and different reggae news websites.Reality
SkillinJah "Reality" was released on January 22, 2012, debuting at #6 on iTunes and Amazon's Top USA Reggae Albums. Like SkillinJah's previous album Emergency Spliff, Reality was entirely co-written by SkillinJah and Heinrichs, with this album featuring a full backing band, differing to the Emergency Spliff, which was an all-acoustic album. The album received very favorable reviews from Reggaeville.com, TheDubSide.com and ThePier.org. On January 8, the first official music video for the first single "Skilla Dan Dem"

masks:
Josh Heinrichs
Josh Heinrich


title: Josh Heinrichs

texts:
 Trenchfest Festival in Guam alongside Iration, Fortunate Youth and The Green.In May 2016 Heinrichs performed for his fourth time at California Roots Festival. In August 2016 he performed at Thunder Vibes Festival alongside Michael Franti and Hirie in Lincoln, California. In September 2016 Heinrichs played The Shoreline Jam Festival in Long Beach, California, alongside Tribal Seeds, J Boog and Iration. In January 2017, Heinrichs performed in the country of Guam for his second time, once again at The Trenchfest Festival alongside Katchafire and Fortunate Youth. March to late May 2017, Heinrichs was direct support for Fortunate Youth's spring album release tour. Heinrichs started 2018 with an eight-date California tour that included a performance at One Love Cali Reggae Fest 2018 and a sold out debut performance at The Observatory in Santa Ana, California. For this tour Heinrichs assembled a 10 piece band including back up singers and horns.Discography
 Big Hits w/ Phen (2001)
 Steppin Out of Babylon w/ Jah Roots (2002)
 More Herbs for the Youth w/ Jah Roots (2005)
 Babylon Weak Heart w/ SkillinJah w/ Jah Roots (2005)
 Crucial (album) w/ Jah Roots (2006)
 Joy (Jah Roots album) w/ Jah Roots (2008)
 Things Change - EP (2009)
 Favorites" w/ Cas Haley unreleased (2009)
 Live in Hawaii (2010)
 Josh Heinrichs & Friends (2010)
 Jah Roots (2011)
 Emergency Spliff w/ SkillinJah (2011)
 Satisfied (2011)
 Reality w/ SkillinJah (2012)
 Rooftop Session - EP (2013)
 High on Love - EP (2013)
 Good Vibes (2016)
 The Best Yet (2016)
 Made in California - EP w/ SkillinJah (2018)
 Resist - EP w/ SkillinJah (2020)
 Rollercoaster - Single'' w/ SkillinJah (2020)
 “Herbs, You & Me” - Single w/ SkillinJah & Freddy For Peace (2021)
 “Gunman” - single w/ SkillinJah (2021)
 ‘<mask>’ - Self titled album (2021)

References

External links
 Official Website

1981


title: Dennis Linde

texts:
<mask> (pronounced LIN-dy, March 18, 1943December 22, 2006) was an American music songwriter based in Nashville who has had over 250 of his songs recorded. Rarely working with co-writers, he wrote both words and music for most of his songs. In 1994, Linde won BMI's "Top Writer Award" and received four awards as BMI's most-performed titles for that year. His wife and daughter collected the awards because Linde shunned awards shows and avoided publicity. He earned 14 BMI "Million-Air" songs (a song played on the air one million times). In 2001, he was inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame. Linde died of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in 2006 at the age of 63.He is best known for writing the 1972 Elvis Presley hit, "Burning Love", and he also wrote the top-5 U.S. country hits "Long Long Texas Road" (Roy Drusky, 1970), "The Love She Found in Me" (Gary Morris, 1983), "Walkin' a Broken Heart" (Don Williams, 1985), "Then It's Love" (Don Williams, 1986), "I'm Gonna Get You" (Eddy Raven, 1988), "In a Letter to You" (Eddy Raven, 1989), "Bubba Shot the Jukebox" (Mark Chesnutt, 1992), "It Sure Is Monday" (Mark Chesnutt, 1993), "Callin' Baton Rouge" (Garth Brooks, 1993), and "John Deere Green" (Joe Diffie, 1993). He also wrote "Goodbye Earl", a gold single for the Chicks in 2000. Early life

Linde was born in Abilene, Texas, but lived in St. Louis from age 13 to age 26 (1956 to 1969). His stepfather was a sales executive with Colgate-Palmolive company. The family


title: Dennis Linde

texts: moved from Abilene to San Angelo, then Miami and finally St. Louis. His family was not especially musical, but they all loved to sing. "I didn't even start in music until I was 15, but I had a feeling I could play guitar", <mask> told The New York Times in 2005.His grandmother had given him a guitar at that age and he taught himself to play. He joined a St. Louis group called the "Starlighters" playing R&B and rock. He graduated from St. Louis' Normandy High School about 1960. He did not attend college and knew he was a prime candidate for the military draft. He enlisted in the Missouri Air National Guard. Linde drove a Corvette and at age 24 he had so many speeding tickets that his driver's license was revoked. At this time he had a job driving a delivery truck for a dry cleaning company.Without his license he could not drive the truck, so he lost his job. At home with time on his hands, he played guitar, worked out arrangements, and began writing songs. Linde played in a band with St. Louis bandleader Bob Kuban  who saw promise in Linde's songwriting abilities, and suggested he explore songwriting in Nashville. Linde visited there several times and pitched his songs to Bob Beckham, the CEO of Combine Music Publishing. In those days, writers from out of town sometimes stayed at Beckham's home. On one of his several visits, Linde caught the eye of Beckham's daughter Pam, who happened to be home from college. A romance was struck and Linde made the move to Nashville in 1969 to work for Combine.Love


title: Dennis Linde

texts:
 blossomed and the two were married in 1970. They subsequently had three children, Lisa, Will and Katie. Career
Linde found a perfect fit at Combine— it allowed him to flourish alongside writers and artists like Dolly Parton and Mickey Newbury. Linde said, "Bob Beckham's building at Combine was a rickety old two-story place, and Kris [Kristofferson] lived in an upstairs room next door. I just had never run into so many talented people". His first hit about feeling alienated from the cultural and political polarization of the late 60s was "Where Have All the Average People Gone" recorded by Roger Miller. The song peaked at #14 on the Country Charts in December 1969.After writing for Combine for about a year, his first major hit was "Long Texas Road" recorded by Roy Drusky. That same year, 1970, Roger Miller recorded <mask>'s "Tom Green County Fair". The following year, he wrote "Burning Love" which became a worldwide hit when it was recorded by Elvis Presley. The song was written, Linde said, "on a lark". He had just bought a set of drums and was putting a drum track on tape at his home studio, sort of learning to play them, and the words and melody came to him. He then overdubbed the other instruments and vocals on his four-track machine (he played and sang all parts) and created a demo of the song. He completed it in 20 minutes.He credits the inspiration in part to the fact that he was a newlywed at the time and said " 'Burning Love' was a great newlywed title". The first singer to record it was Arthur


title: Dennis Linde

texts: Alexander on the Warner Brothers label in late 1971. Alexander was a fellow songwriter at Combine at the time; his album contained three other Linde compositions. Soon after Alexander's, Elvis Presley released a version which eclipsed it quickly— Presley's making the top ten on both sides of the Atlantic and scarcely missed becoming No. 1 in the U.S. in October 1972. It was Presley's last major hit. The song's worldwide success greatly increased Combine's profitability as well as <mask>'s stature as a songwriter.Elvis recorded two more of Linde's compositions,  "I got a Feelin' in my Body" and "For the Heart". In the 1970s, Linde continued his desire to be a recording artist as well as a writer, doing non-country albums of things that he liked, sometimes experimental. He recorded the album Linde Manor on the Intrepid Label, a short-lived subsidiary of Mercury, but it was not a commercial success. The increased stature he found with "Burning Love" gave him sufficient credibility for a new deal with Elektra to record <mask>de in 1973. He then recorded Trapped in the Suburbs on Asylum Records in 1974. His most critically acclaimed album was Under the Eye for Monument in 1977. He was co-leader of the rock band Jubal, consisting of Alan Rush, Rob Galbraith, Terry Dearmore, and Randy Cullers.Their single album in 1972 on Elektra was not successful. In 2000, his song for the Dixie Chicks, "Goodbye Earl", stirred some controversy for its take on spousal abuse. The song is about fictional characters Mary Ann and

masks:
Linde
Dennis Lin


title: Dennis Linde

texts: Wanda, longtime friends who kill Wanda's abusive husband. The issue critics had was that the two women were happy about their committing the murder, unlike any previous songs of that type. Many radio stations refused to play the song when first released, and others played it with a message directing women in such a situation to a hotline number. Linde wrote other songs featuring an undesirable character named Earl; e.g., "Queen of my Double-Wide Trailer" (Sammy Kershaw). Linde had a map on his wall depicting a fictional town where the characters in his songs lived.It includes the water tower referred to in "John Deere Green" as well as the spot where "Earl" finally met his end. In 1994, Linde won BMI's "Top Writer Award" and received four awards as BMI's most-performed titles for that year: "It Sure Is Monday" (Mark Chesnutt), "Janie Baker's Love Slave" (Shenandoah), "John Deere Green" (Joe Diffie), and "Queen of My Double Wide Trailer" (Sammy Kershaw). Although Linde was the sole composer of most of his songs, he occasionally collaborated with country artist Mel McDaniel and Nashville songwriters Bob DiPiero and Alan Rush. As a music producer, Linde was responsible for Mickey Newbury's American Trilogy and Kristofferson's Jesus was a Capricorn. He also wrote two songs for the soundtrack of the 1982 film, Grease 2 ; these were "Cool Rider" and "Reproduction". "Burning Love" has been on the soundtrack of at least five motion pictures, including Heartbreak Hotel (sung by <mask>, 1988), Late for Dinner (by


title: Dennis Linde

texts:
 Elvis, 1991), Honeymoon in Vegas (by Travis Tritt, 1992), Love, Honor & Obey (by Kathy Burke & Ray Burdis, 2001), Lilo and stitch (by Wynonna, 2003). Personal life

<mask> was known as one of the more reclusive figures on the Nashville scene, rarely attending industry events and preferring to be neither photographed nor interviewed.Chicago Tribune music writer Jack Hurst said, "[Linde] is no morose, unkempt hermit inhabiting some artistic garret". Rather, Linde was upbeat, jovial and nattily dressed, living in a custom-built suburban home. Nashville manager Scott Siman described Linde as a "mystery man," explaining, "If you ever saw <mask>de, it was amazing, because you didn't get that opportunity very often." Linde had bizarre challenges for himself; i.e., daring himself to write a song starting with every letter in the alphabet, leading to the creation of "X Marks The Spot" and "Zoot Suit Baby". Linde's daughter, Mary Elizabeth, called "Lisa" (Days of Our Lives, The Darkling) married Hollywood actor James Marsden (X-Men, 27 Dresses). The couple sponsored a benefit for the Coalition for Pulmonary Fibrosis in 2009 to honor <mask>, entitled "A Night of Burnin' Love" that included Rascal Flatts, Montgomery Gentry and Mark Chesnutt and others. <mask> filed for divorce in 2011 after ten years of marriage.<mask> died of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in 2006 at the age of 63. Albums
1970 – Linde Manor
1971 – Surface Noise (unreleased)
1973 – <mask>  (Elektra)
1974 –

masks:
Linde
Dennis Lin
Dennis Linde
Lisa Linde
Linde
Dennis Linde