title: Nguyễn Trung Trực

texts:
 respect the Treaty of Saigon and stop fighting the French in the south, Tự Đức praised the "righteousness" of Nguyễn <mask> Trực and his men. Following his death, the emperor composed a poem in his honor. Although Nguyễn <mask> Trực was disobeying Tự Đức's orders to stop the insurgency, the emperor still viewed his actions as a service to the monarchy. The ex governor (Vietnamese: Tuần phủ) of Hà Tiên province, , a famous scholar of Cochinchina, wept for Nguyễn <mask> Trực with a Lüshi verse

(Chinese)
吊阮忠直
勝負戎場不足論，
頹波砥柱憶漁民。
火紅日早轟天地，
劍白堅江泣鬼神。
一旦非常標節義，
兩全無畏報君親。
英雄強脛芳名壽，
羞殺低頭未死人。

(Sino-Vietnamese)
Điếu Nguyễn Trung Trực
Thắng phụ nhung trường bất túc luân,
Đồi ba để trụ ức ngư dân. Hoả hồng Nhật Tảo oanh thiên địa,
Kiếm bạch Kiên Giang khấp quỷ thần. Nhất đán phi thường tiêu tiết nghĩa,
Lưỡng toàn vô uý báo quân thân.Anh hùng cường hĩnh phương danh thọ,
Tu sát đê đầu vị tử nhân. (English)
Weep for Nguyễn <mask> Trực

The bright flames reddening Nhật Tảo cause the earth to quake,
The shiny swords silvering Kiên Giang make the devils wail. Legacy
The national hero Nguyễn <mask> Trực is honored by the people as a major god. People in Southern Vietnam call him by "Cụ Nguyễn" (Sir Nguyễn). Southern people, especially laypeople, followers of  Hòa Hảo Buddhism, which is the endogenous religion of the Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương sect, all set up altars with statues or photos of Sir Nguyễn. All Hòa Hảo Buddhist followers greatly admire and respect the national hero Nguyễn <mask>

masks: Trung Trung Trung Trung Trung Trung


title: Nguyễn Trung Trực

type: original

texts:
 Trực, calling him "Ông Soái" (Sir Marshal). Nowadays, the establishment of worshiping Nguyễn <mask> Trực as the main god is built in 6 provinces in the Mekong Delta, including: Kiên Giang, An Giang, Hậu Giang, Sóc Trăng, Bạc Liêu and Long An.Particularly in Kiên Giang province, there are 13 communal houses worshiping Sir Nguyễn as the main god. Every year, on the occasion of the festival commemorating the death of Sir Nguyễn, people from all over the country make pilgrimages to attend. Notes

References

Other publications cited

1839 births
1868 deaths
Executed Vietnamese people
Vietnamese nationalists
Vietnamese revolutionaries
People of the Cochinchina campaign
19th-century executions by France
People executed by the Second French


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts: <mask> (November 8, 1830 – October 26, 1909) was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War. As a brigade commander in the Army of the Potomac, <mask> lost his right arm while leading his men against Confederate forces at the Battle of Fair Oaks/Seven Pines in June 1862, an action which later earned him the Medal of Honor. As a corps commander, he suffered two major defeats at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg in May and July 1863, but recovered from the setbacks as a successful corps and later army commander in the Western Theater. Known as the "Christian general" because he tried to base his policy decisions on his deep, evangelical piety, he was given charge of the Freedmen's Bureau in mid-1865, with the mission of integrating the former slaves into Southern society and politics during the second phase of the Reconstruction Era. <mask> took charge of labor policy, setting up a system that required freed people to work on former plantation land under pay scales fixed by the Bureau, on terms negotiated by the Bureau with white land owners. <mask>'s Bureau was primarily responsible for the legal affairs of the freedmen. He attempted to protect freed blacks from hostile conditions, but lacked adequate power, and was repeatedly frustrated by President Andrew Johnson.<mask>'s allies, the Radical Republicans, won control of Congress in the 1866 elections and imposed Radical Reconstruction, with the result that freedmen were given the vote. With the help and advice of the Bureau, freedmen joined Republican coalitions and won at the

masks:
Oliver Otis Howard
Howard
Howard
Howard
Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 ballot boxes of most of the southern states. <mask> was also a leader in promoting higher education for freedmen, most notably in founding Howard University in Washington and serving as its president 1867–73; and aided in the charter of Howard University and Atlanta University, now Clark Atlanta University, in 1867. After 1874, <mask> commanded troops in the West, conducting a famous campaign against the Nez Perce tribe. Utley (1987) concludes that his leadership against the Apaches in 1872, against the Nez Perce in 1877, the Bannocks and Paiutes in 1878, and against the Sheepeaters in 1879 all add up to a lengthy record, although he did not fight as much as George Custer and Nelson Miles. Early years
<mask> was born in Leeds, Maine, the son of Rowland Bailey <mask> and <mask> <mask>. Rowland, a farmer, died when <mask> was 9 years old.<mask> attended Monmouth Academy in Monmouth, North Yarmouth Academy in Yarmouth, Kents Hill School in Readfield, and graduated from Bowdoin College in 1850 at the age of 19. He then attended the United States Military Academy, graduating in 1854, fourth in his class of 46 cadets, as a brevet second lieutenant of ordnance. He served at the Watervliet Arsenal near Troy, New York, and was the temporary commander of the Kennebec Arsenal in Augusta, Maine. In 1855, he married Elizabeth Anne Waite, with whom he would have seven children. In 1857 he was transferred to Florida for the Seminole Wars. It was in Florida that he experienced a conversion to evangelical Christianity and considered resigning from the Army to become a minister.

masks:
Howard
Howard
Oliver Howard
Howard
Eliza Otis
Howard
Oliver
Oliver


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 His religious proclivities would later earn him the nickname "the Christian general."<mask> was promoted first lieutenant in July 1857, and returned to West Point the following September to become an instructor of mathematics. As the Civil War began with the surrender of Fort Sumter, thoughts of the ministry were put aside and he decided to remain in the service of his country. Civil War
<mask> was appointed colonel of the 3rd Maine Infantry regiment and temporarily commanded a brigade at the First Battle of Bull Run. He was promoted to brigadier general effective September 3, 1861, and given permanent command of his brigade. He then joined Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac for the Peninsula Campaign. On June 1, 1862, while commanding a Union brigade in the Fair Oaks, <mask> was wounded twice in his right arm, which was subsequently amputated. (He received the Medal of Honor in 1893 for his heroism at Fair Oaks.)Brig. Gen. Philip Kearny, who had lost his left arm, visited <mask> and joked that they would be able to shop for gloves together. <mask> recovered quickly enough to rejoin the army for the Battle of Antietam, in which he rose to division command in the II Corps. He was promoted to major general in November 1862 and assumed command of the XI Corps the following April, replacing Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel. Since the corps was composed largely of German immigrants, many of whom spoke no English, the soldiers were resentful of their new leader and openly called for Sigel's reinstatement. At the Battle of Chancellorsville, <mask> suffered the

masks: Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 first of two significant military setbacks. On May 2, 1863, his corps was on the right flank of the Union line, northwest of the crossroads of Chancellorsville.Robert E. Lee and Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson devised an audacious plan in which Jackson's entire corps would march secretly around the Union flank and attack it. <mask> was warned by Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker, now commanding the Army of the Potomac, that his flank was "in the air", not anchored by a natural obstacle, such as a river, and that Confederate forces might be on the move in his direction. <mask> failed to heed the warning and Jackson struck before dark, routing the XI Corps and causing a serious disruption to the Union plans. Gettysburg
At the Battle of Gettysburg, the XI Corps, still chastened by its humiliation in May, arrived on the field in the afternoon of July 1, 1863. Poor positioning of the defensive line by one of <mask>'s subordinate division commanders, Brig. Gen. Francis C. Barlow, was exploited by the Confederate corps of Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell and once again the XI Corps collapsed, forcing it to retreat through the streets of Gettysburg, leaving many men behind to be taken prisoner.On Cemetery Hill, south of town, <mask> quarreled with Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock about who was in command of the defense. Hancock had been sent by Maj. Gen. George G. Meade with written orders to take command, but <mask> insisted that he was the ranking general present. Eventually he relented. Controversy centers on three points: 1) <mask>'s choice of Cemetery Hill as the key to defense;


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 2) the timing of <mask>'s mid-afternoon order to abandon positions north and west of town; and 3) <mask>'s reluctance to recognize that Hancock, his junior, had superseded him. Historian John A. Carpenter holds that <mask> alone had wisely selected Cemetery Hill, that the order to withdraw was probably a sound one, and that the conflict between <mask> and Hancock might have been avoided had Meade himself gotten onto the field. <mask> started circulating the story that his corps' failure had actually been triggered by the collapse of Maj. Gen. Abner Doubleday's I Corps to the west, and this was a partial reason for Doubleday's removal from command of the corps. However, this excuse was not accepted by history—the reverse was actually true—and the reputation of the XI Corps was ruined.Some argue that <mask> should get some credit for the eventual success at Gettysburg because he wisely stationed one of his divisions (Maj. Gen. Adolph von Steinwehr's) on Cemetery Hill as a reserve and critical subsequent defensive line. For the remainder of the three-day battle, the corps remained on the defensive around Cemetery Hill, withstanding assaults by Maj. Gen. Jubal Early on July 2 and participating at the margin of the defense against Pickett's Charge on July 3. Also at Gettysburg, <mask>'s younger brother, Major Charles Henry <mask>, served as his aide-de-camp. Western theater
<mask> and XI Corps were transferred to the Western Theater with fellow general Henry Slocum's XII Corps to become part of the Army of the Cumberland in Tennessee; they were commanded once again by

masks: Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts: "Fighting Joe" Hooker. In the Battles for Chattanooga, the corps joined the impulsive assault that captured Missionary Ridge and forced the retreat of Gen. Braxton Bragg. In July 1864, following the death of Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson, temporary command of the  Army of the Tennessee was given by order of William Tecumseh Sherman to the ranking officer on the field that day, Major General John A. Logan. Shortly after the success at the Battle of Atlanta, Sherman (who favored granting command to a West Point graduate) appointed <mask> to permanent command of the Army of the Tennessee.At the closing of his "After Action Report" filed by Major General John A. Logan on September 10, 1864, Logan referred to his having served as Commander of the Army of the Tennessee for a scant four days. Logan's detailed report ended with:  "I withdrew the Army of the Tennessee the night of the 26th, and moved it along the rear of the center and right of the army to a position across Proctor’s Creek. After putting the army in position that night I was relieved by Maj. Gen. <mask>." <mask> subsequently led the right wing of Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman's famous March to the Sea, through Georgia and then the Carolinas. Sherman, having favored <mask> over Logan for permanent command of the Army of the Tennessee, recognized Logan's success at Atlanta. In recognition of the outstanding leadership Logan displayed at Atlanta, Sherman asked <mask> to allow Logan to ceremonially lead the Army in the May 1865 Grand Review in Washington.<mask> agreed when Sherman appealed to him as a


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 Christian gentleman. Ultimately, by the war's end, Gen. Sherman would commend <mask> as a corps commander of "the utmost skill, nicety and precision". Postwar career

Freedmen's Bureau
From May 1865 to July 1874, General <mask> was commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau (the Army's Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands), where he played a major role in the Reconstruction era, and had charge of integrating freedmen (former slaves) into American society. <mask> devised far-reaching programs and guidelines including social welfare in the form of rations, schooling, courts, and medical care. <mask> often clashed with President Andrew Johnson, who strongly disliked the welfare aspects of the Freedman's Bureau, and especially tried to return political power to Southern whites. However, <mask> had the support of the Radical Republicans in Congress. When the Radical Republicans gained power in 1867, they gave blacks the right to vote in the South and set up new elections, which the Republican coalition of freedmen, northern Republicans who came south and were referred to derogatorily as carpetbaggers, and southerners who supported Reconstruction, nicknamed scalawags, won (except in Virginia).The Bureau was very active in helping blacks organize themselves politically, and therefore it became a target of partisan hostility. President Johnson called <mask> a fanatic. Reconstruction's opponents alleged that, in abusing both civil and military power, the Bureau became a centralized dictatorship. <mask> described the extent of his enormous powers as:

...Almost

masks: Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 unlimited authority gave me scope and liberty of action... Legislative, judicial and executive powers were combined in my commission. Andrew Johnson reacted to the meaning of such unlimited scope of action against civilians:

The power thus given to the commanding officer over all the people … is that of an absolute monarch … He alone is permitted to determine the rights of persons and property … It places at his free disposal all the lands and goods in his district, and he may distribute them without let or hindrance to whom he pleases. Being bound by no State law, and there being no other law to regulate the subject, he may make a criminal code of his own; and can make it as bloody as any in history … Everything is a crime which he chooses to call so, and all persons are condemned who he pronounces to be guilty.The limited ideological framework of General <mask> and his aides encouraged their attempt at radical reconstruction of southern society without realizing the need for essential legislation. They thought that the elimination of all statutory inequalities—for instance, Black court testimony—would be enough to assure protection. Southern states pretended to comply with this point in order to end the threat of the Freedmen's Bureau courts' system. Military commands and Native American affairs
In 1872, <mask>, accompanied by 1st Lt Joseph A. Sladen, who served as his aide, was ordered to Arizona to negotiate a peace treaty with Cochise, resulting in a treaty on October 12, 1872. He was placed in command of the Department of the Columbia in 1874, went west to

masks: Howard Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 Washington Territory's Fort Vancouver, where he fought in the Indian Wars, particularly against the Nez Perce, with the resultant surrender of Chief Joseph. He was criticized by Chief Joseph as precipitating the war by trying to rush the Nez Perce to a smaller reservation, with no advance notice, no discussion, and no time to prepare. Joseph said, "If General <mask> had given me plenty of time to gather up my stock and treated Too-hool-hool-suit as a man should be treated, there would have been no war."Subsequently, <mask> was superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1881–82. He served as commander of the Department of the Platte from 1882 to 1886 and the Military Division of the Pacific from 1886 to 1888. From 1888, his final command was of the Department of the East (Military Division of the Atlantic) at Fort Columbus on Governors Island in New York Harbor, encompassing the states east of the Mississippi River. He retired from the United States Army at that posting in 1894 with the rank of major general. The French government made him a chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1884 and he was subsequently promoted to the ranks of officer and commander. Howard University
General <mask> is also remembered for playing a role in founding Howard University, which was incorporated by Congress in 1867. The school is nonsectarian and is open to both sexes without regard to race.On November 20, 1866, <mask> was among ten members of various socially-concerned groups of the time who met in Washington, D.C., to discuss plans for a theological

masks: Howard Howard Howard Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 seminary to train black ministers. Interest was sufficient, however, to create an educational institute for areas other than the ministry. The result was the Howard Normal and Theological Institute for the Education of Preachers and Teachers. On January 8, 1867, the Board of Trustees voted to change the name of the institution to Howard University. <mask> served as president from 1869 to 1874. He was quoted as saying "[t]he opposition to Negro education made itself felt everywhere in a combination not to allow the freed men any room or building in which a school might be taught. In 1865, 1866, and 1867, mobs of the baser classes at intervals and in all parts of the South occasionally burned school buildings and churches used as schools, flogged teachers or drove them away, and in a number of instances murdered them."He also founded Lincoln Memorial University in Harrogate, Tennessee, in 1895, for the education of the "mountain whites." Memberships
General <mask> was a member of the Society of the Cincinnati, the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States and the Grand Army of the Republic. Death and burial
<mask> died in Burlington, Vermont on October 26, 1909, and is buried at Lakeview Cemetery in Burlington. He died of old age. Legacy
A bust of <mask> designed by artist James E. Kelly is on display at Howard University. An equestrian statue is on East Cemetery Hill on the Gettysburg Battlefield. A dormitory at Bowdoin College is named for <mask>.The Oliver O. Howard Relief Corps of the Grand Army of the Republic provided funds to help destitute

masks:
Howard
Howard
Oliver Howard
Howard
Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts: former Union soldiers and to support worthy public causes. It contributed money and the design for the State Flag of Utah in 1920. An Army Reserve Center was named after him in Auburn, Maine, and is still used today by several U.S. Army Reserve units. Howard High School of Technology in Wilmington, Delaware, is named in his honor, as is Howard County, Nebraska and the Howard School of Academics and Technology, in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Howard, Kansas is named in his honor. The General O.O<mask> House, located on Officer's Row within the Fort Vancouver National Historic Site was built in 1878 upon General <mask>'s order at a cost of $6,938.20.Completed in 1879, the building suffered a fire in 1986 and was left vacant until renovated by the City of Vancouver in 1998. The building serves as the headquarters of the Fort Vancouver National Trust. In Portland, Oregon, on the 150th Anniversary of <mask>'s acts of valor on June 1, 1862, while leading his troops at the Battle of Fair Oaks, a commemorative wreath was laid by the Oregon Civil War Sesquicentennial Commission at the site of General <mask>'s former residence in downtown Portland at the corner of SW 10th and Morrison. The month of June 2012 will be dedicated to <mask> with a lecture and programs by the Oregon Civil War Sesquicentennial spotlighting General <mask>'s activities in Portland and at Fort Vancouver, Washington;  and his post-war achievements at the Freedmen's Bureau, Howard University and Lincoln Memorial University and the Indian Wars. In a New York Times interview given the day after <mask>

masks:
. Howard
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Howard
Howard
Howard
Howard
Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 retired from the Army on November 8, 1894, at the age of 64, it was reported that he was traveling West to stay at his daughter's house in Portland, Oregon, where he planned to start writing his memoirs. Selected works
<mask> was the author of numerous books after the war, including:
 Donald's School Days (1878)
 Nez Perce Joseph (1881)
 General Taylor (1892)
 Isabella of Castile (1894)
 Fighting For Humanity, or Camp and Quarterdeck (1898)
 Henry in the War: Or the Model Volunteer (1899)
 Autobiography (1907)
 My Life and Experiences among Our Hostile Indians (1907)
He wrote an account of the Civil War's Atlanta campaign in Century Magazine for July 1887. He translated:
 Théodore Borel, Life of Count Agénor de Gasparin (New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1881)

In popular media
In the 1950 film Broken Arrow, <mask> is played by Basil Ruysdael opposite James Stewart, who portrays Tom Jeffords.In the 1956 film The Last Wagon, he was portrayed by Carl Benton Reid. Both of these films were written and directed by Delmer Daves. James Whitmore portrayed General <mask> in the 1975 television film, I Will Fight No More Forever, about the U.S. Army campaign against the Nez Perce and the surrender of Chief Joseph in 1877. In episode 6 of The West, he was portrayed in voiceovers by Eli Wallach and is the protagonist of William T. Vollmann's novel The Dying Grass (2015). Awards
Medal of Honor
Civil War Campaign Medal
Indian Campaign Medal
Commander, Legion of Honor (France)

Medal of Honor citation
In the citation for <mask>'s Medal of Honor – issued June 1, 1862, at Fair Oaks,


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 Virginia – he was described as "Brigadier General, U.S. Volunteers". The citation reads:

See also

List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L
List of American Civil War generals (Union)
 Sherman's March (2007, documentary)
Charles Henry <mask> (brother)

Notes

External links
<mask>, Wife Of Union General <mask> <mask>

References
 Carpenter, John A."General O. O<mask> at Gettysburg." Civil War History. September 1963. Carpenter, John A. "Sword and Olive Branch: <mask> <mask>." Bronx, NY, Fordham Univ. Press, 1999. .
 Cimbala, Paul A."<mask> <mask>." In Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History, edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. .
 Cox, John, and LaWanda Cox. "General O. O<mask> and the 'Misrepresented Bureau'." Journal of Southern History 19, no. 3 (November 1953): 427–56. Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher.Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. .
 McFeely, William S. Yankee Stepfather: General O.O<mask> and the Freedmen. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968. .
 Sweeney, Edward R. Making Peace with Cochise: the 1872 Journal of Captain Joseph Alton Sladen. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2008. .
 Tagg, Larry. The Generals of Gettysburg, Campbell, CA: Savas Publishing, 1998. .
 Thomson, David. "<mask> <mask>: Reassessing the Legacy of the 'Christian General'."American Nineteenth Century History, 10 (September 2009), 273–98. Utley, Robert M. "<mask> <mask>." New Mexico Historical Review 62, no. 1 (Winter 1987):

masks:
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Elizabeth Howard
Oliver Otis
Howard
. Howard
Oliver Otis
Howard
Oliver Otis
Howard
. Howard
. Howard
Oliver Otis
Howard
Oliver Otis
Howard


title: Oliver Otis Howard

texts:
 55–63. Weil, Gordon L. "The Good Man: The Civil War's "Christian General" and His Fight for Racial Equality". Harpswell, ME: Arthur McAllister Publishers, 2013. . External links

 <mask>, <mask>."Lincoln's Monument in the Mountains". National Magazine, June 1905 (with photos)

 <mask> Otis <mask> and Lincoln Memorial University (PDF)

Army of Georgia Historical Society

1830 births
1909 deaths
19th-century American historians
19th-century American male writers
19th-century male writers
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor
American amputees
American biographers
American military personnel of the Indian Wars
Bowdoin College alumni
Burials at Lakeview Cemetery (Burlington, Vermont)
Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
Freedmen's Bureau
Maine Republicans
American male biographers
Nez Perce War
North Yarmouth Academy alumni
People from Leeds, Maine
People of Maine in the American Civil War
Philadelphia Brigade
Presidents of Howard University
Superintendents of the United States Military Academy
Union Army generals
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
United States Military Academy alumni
Writers from Maine
American male non-fiction writers
20th-century African-American

masks:
Howard
Oliver O
Oliver
Howard


title: Dark Ozz

texts:
Marcos Tinajero (born January 30, 1975) is a Mexican Luchador (wrestler) who is known under the names <mask> / <mask>z, a Face character (referred to as a "Tecnico" in Lucha Libre) that works for Lucha Libre Elite. Best known for his work in Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA), he has been part of The Black Family since it was formed. During his time in the Black Family, <mask> has been a member of Lucha Libre Latina (LLL) and La Secta del Mesías, its predecessor La Secta Cibernetica and La Legión Extranjera but now the Black Family is its own independent entity. Professional wrestling career

Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide
After training under one of Mexico's most prolific wrestling trainers, Jorge "Skayde" Rivera, Marcos Tinajero made his debut in 1996. He started out working under several colorful masks with the Face (good guy, referred to as a "Technicó" in Lucha Libre) gimmicks of "Angel Del Misterio" (Spanish for "Angel of Mystery") and Rey Dragón (Spanish for "King Dragon"). In 1999 Tinajero would come up with the gimmick that first got him noticed by the promoters and pushed up the rankings, Path Finder. As Path Finder he teamed with El Alebrije, El Felino and Oscar Sevilla losing to Abismo Negro, Electroshock, Pentagón II and Gran Apache at Verano de Escandalo (1999).He would also unsuccessfully compete in the 2000 Rey de Reyes tournament where he lost in the qualifying round to Charly Manson. Later that year he was one of the AAA' luchadors chosen to tour Japan and teamed with Perro Aguayo, Jr. and El Alebrije to defeat the teams of Los Vatos Locos (Picudo, Charly Manson and Espiritu), Team Japan (Naomichi Marufuji, Minoru Tanaka and Genki Horiguchi) and Los Vipers

masks:
Ozz
Dark Oz
Ozz


title: Dark Ozz

texts:
 (Histeria, Psicosis II and Maniaco) in one of the feature bouts at Triplemanía VIII. His last major appearance as Path Finder came on September 29, 2000 when he teamed with Oscar Sevilla, Ludxor and Pegasso to defeat Gran Apache and Los Diablicos (Mr. Condor, Marabunta and Angel Mortal) in an Eight Person "Atómicos" tag team match at Verano de Escandalo (2000). The Black Family

In the early parts of 2001 Tinajero made a radical change both to his appearance, his gimmick and his alignment as a wrestler. Gone was the masked, high flying, fan friendly Path Finder, instead he was reinvented as the face paint wearing, dark, Goth looking villain called <mask>. He teamed with four other wrestlers that either had or adopted similar gimmicks, looks and attitudes to form the stable the Black Family. The other wrestlers were Charly Manson, Escoria and Cuervo.Early on in the stable's lifetime Charly Manson suffered a grave injury after falling from a ladder during a match which put Manson out of wrestling for a long period. The Black Family brought in Chessman to be the fourth member. Around the time of Chessman joining the Black Family became part of Lucha Libre Latina (LLL), the Mexican version of the New World Order, a group led by Chessman's long-time friend Cibernético. Even though they were part of a much larger group the four men still worked as a unit, a stable within the stable. The Black Family made their first major show appearance at Verano de Escandalo (2001) where they lost an elimination match to Los Vatos Locos (Espiritu, Nygma, Silver Cat and Picudo), also in the match were Los Vipers (Psicosis II, Histeria, Maniaco and Mosco de la Merced) and Los Exoticos. the


title: Dark Ozz

texts: unmasked by La Parka 2 years after Cibernético was unmasked. After holding the Atómicos titles for 789 days the Black Family lost to the Mexican Powers (Crazy Boy, Juventud Guerrera, Joe Lider and Psicosis II) on October 18, 2006. Not long after they lost the tag team titles Chessman turned "Technicó" and sided with Cibernético and Charly Manson to form "Los Hell Brothers" fighting against La Secta, now known as "La Secta del Mesias" as Muerta Cibernetica changed his name to "EL Mesias". With Chessman out of the Black Family the team invited Espiritu to leave Los Vatos Locos and join them, the invitation was accepted without any friction from the rest of Los Vatos Locos. During 2006 La Secta del Mesias became part of the super group of "Rudós" known as La Legión Extranjera making the Black Family a sub-group of a sub-group. Sometime in 2006 all four members of the Black Family changed their names slightly adding the word "Dark" in front of their names, thus <mask> became <mask>z although the names are use interchangeably.In early 2007 <mask> teamed with Cuervo to compete in a 16 team tournament to crown the first ever AAA World Tag Team Champions. in the end four teams met in the finals at the Rey de Reyes 2007 event. <mask> and <mask>vo defeated The Mexican Powers (Crazy Boy and Joe Lider), Los Guapos (Alan Stone and Zumbido) and Real Fuerza Aérea AAA (Pegasso and Super Fly) in an elimination match to win the titles. Ozz became a double champion when the Black Family won the Atómicos titles from the Mexican Powers on May 20, 2007. The dual title situation only lasted until Triplemanía XV where the Mexican Powers team of Crazy Boy and Joe Lider won the Tag Team

masks:
Ozz
Dark Oz
Ozz
Dark Ozz
Dark Cuer


title: Dark Ozz

texts:
 Championship. End of La Secta
In early 2008 El Mesias and the rest of La Secta was kicked out of La Legión Extranjera with La Legión putting El Mesias out of commission for a while. When El Mesias returned to active competition tension began to build between the Black Family and El Mesias.The tensions culminated after El Mesias lost a Steel Cage "Street Fight" Match to Vampiro at Verano de Escandalo (2008) which led to the Black Family attacking El Mesias officially severing their relationship. After breaking up La Secta del Mesias, <mask> assumed leadership of the group as they began to feud with El Mesias. During the fall and winter of 2008 both Charly Manson and Chessman made hints at them possibly returning to the Black Family but Manson got injured and taken off TV while Chessman turned on the group after feinting friendship. On January 9, 2009 Chessman teamed with the Psycho Circus (Killer Clown, Psycho Clown and Zombie Clown) to end the Black Family's Atómicos title run. In November and December 2010 <mask> and Cuervo took part in All Japan Pro Wrestling's World's Strongest Tag Determination League. The duo managed to win four out of their eight matches in the tournament and finished fifth out of nine teams in the final standings. El Inframundo
In May 2011, <mask>, Cuervo and Espíritu joined La Parka and Drago to form technico group El Inframundo ("The Underworld") and battle Cibernético's Los Bizarros, which also included their former stable mate Escoria.<mask> and Cuervo returned to All Japan Pro Wrestling in September 2011 and, after <mask> in a six-man tag team match, were named the number one contenders to KENSO's and The Great Muta's title. On October 9

masks:
Dark Ozz
Ozz
Ozz
Ozz
OzzSO


title: Dark Ozz

texts:
 at Héroes Inmortales, La Parka turned rudo and jumped to Los Perros del Mal. On October 23, <mask> and Cuervo defeated Muta and KENSO to win the World Tag Team Championship. <mask> and Cuervo returned to AAA on December 16 at Guerra de Titanes, along with Vampiro, who replaced La Parka as the leader of El Inframundo. After returning to Japan, <mask> and Cuervo lost the World Tag Team Championship to Manabu Soya and Takao Omori in their fourth title defense on March 20, 2012. La Secta Bizarra Cibernetica
On August 18, 2012, the former members of La Secta came together with former leader Cibernético's stable Los Bizarros to form La Secta Bizarra Cibernetica. On August 2, 2013, the entire La Secta turned on Cibernético, forming a new rudo'' version of the stable.In November, <mask>, along with Cuervo, returned to All Japan to take part in the 2013 World's Strongest Tag Determination League, where they finished with a record of two wins and five losses, failing to advance from their block. Lucha Libre Elite
On November 4, 2016, <mask>, along with Espíritu, made his debut for Lucha Libre Elite with the two aligning themselves with Cibernético. Championships and accomplishmentsAll Japan Pro WrestlingWorld Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with <mask>Lucha Libre AAA WorldwideAAA World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with <mask>
Mexican National Atómicos Championship (3 times) – with Escoria, Cuervo and Chessman (2), <mask>, <mask> and <mask> (1)Pro Wrestling IllustratedPWI ranked him #254''' of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the PWI 500 in 2007

Luchas de Apuestas record

Footnotes

References

External links
AAA profile

Mexican male professional wrestlers
1975

masks:
Ozz
Ozz
Ozz
Ozz
Ozz
Dark Cuervo
Dark Cuervo
Dark Escoria
Dark Cuervo
Dark Esptu


title: Imadaddin Nasimi

texts:
Alī Imādud-Dīn Nasīmī (, ), often known as Nesimi, (1369 – 1417) was a 14th-century Azerbaijani or Turkmen Ḥurūfī poet. Known mostly by his pen name of <mask>, he wrote in Azerbaijani, Persian and sometimes Arabic, being the composer of one divan in Azerbaijani, one in Persian, and a number of poems in Arabic. He is considered one of the greatest Turkic mystical poets of the late 14th and early 15th centuries and one of the most prominent early divan masters in Turkic literary history. According to the third edition of the Encyclopedia of Islam Nasimi "is considered to be the true founder" of Turkic classical ʿarūḍ poetry. Name and titles
The third edition of the Encyclopedia of Islam notes that according to some sources, including Sibṭ Ibn al-ʿAjamī (died 1415), Nasimi's given name was Ali. The name "Nasimi" was the pen name (makhlaṣ) he most commonly used. The Encyclopedia of Islam adds that although contested, the name Nasimi is "most convincingly explained" as a reflection of "Na'imi", the pen name of Fazlallah Astarabadi (died 1394).Nasimi also used the pen name "Huseyni". The epithet (laqab) "Imadaddin", which translates as "the pillar of the religion", or the title "Sayyid" (marking his claim of descent from the Islamic prophet Muhammad) are often added in order to distinguish him from other figures who bore the name Nasimi. Life
Most extant information about Nasimi's life is unconfirmed. This includes his date of birth, which, without definite proof, is usually said to be 1369–70. Nesîmî's birthplace is wrapped in mystery: some claim that he was born in a province called Nesîm — hence the pen name — located either near Aleppo in modern-day


title: Imadaddin Nasimi

texts: Syria, or near Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, but no such province has been found to exist. According to the second edition of the Encyclopædia of Islam, <mask> was an early Ottoman poet and mystic, and was most probably of Turkoman origin. He was well versed in both Turkic and Persian, but wrote some poems in Arabic as well.From his poetry, it's evident that Nesîmî was an adherent of the Ḥurūfī movement, which was founded by Nesîmî's teacher Fażlullāh Astarābādī of Astarābād, who was condemned for heresy and executed in Alinja near Nakhchivan. The center of Fażlullāh's influence was Baku and most of his followers came from Shirvan (present-day Republic of Azerbaijan), then ruled by the Shirvanshahs. Nesîmî become one of the most influential advocates of the Ḥurūfī doctrine and the movement's ideas were spread to a large extent through his poetry. While Fażlullāh believed that he himself was the manifestation of God, for Nesîmî, at the center of Creation there was God, who bestowed His Light on man. Through sacrifice and self perfection, man can become one with God. Around 1417, (or possibly 1404) as a direct result of his beliefs — which were considered blasphemous by contemporary religious authorities — Nesîmî was seized and, according to most accounts, skinned alive in Aleppo. A number of legends later grew up around Nesimi's execution, such as the story that he mocked his executioners with improvised verse and, after the execution, draped his flayed skin around his shoulders and departed.A rare historical account of the event — the Tarih-i Heleb of Akhmad ibn Ibrahim al-Halabi — relates that the court, which was of the Maliki school of religious law,


title: Imadaddin Nasimi

texts:
 birth of the poet.The year was also declared "the Year of the Azerbaijani Poet Imadeddin Nesimi" by the International Organization of Turkic Culture at the 36th Term Meeting of its Permanent Council in December 2018. Translations
K.R.F. Burrill, The Quatrains of Nesimi, fourteenth-century Turkic Hurufi. With annotated translation of the Turkic and Persian quatrains from the Hekimoglu Ali Pasha MS. Den Haag, Mouton, Paris 1972

From the Turkish Divan:
‘Imādeddin Nesimi, Gedichte, ed. M.R. Hess with a poetic reworking by R. Moritzen, Sharq-Qarb, Baku 2012
‘Imādeddin Nesimi, Ins Absolute schwand ich hin, mit Gott bin ich zu Gott geworden, ed. M.R.Hess with a poetic reworking by R. Moritzen, Sharq-Qarb, Baku 2012
<mask> <mask>, Liriche, ed. Olga Mazzina, translated from Russian, Sandro Teti Edizioni, Roma 2019

Persian Divan:
 Nasimi di Shirvan, Nel tuo volto è scritta la parola di Dio. Il canzoniere persiano del poeta-martire dell'Hurufismo, ed. Carlo Saccone, Centro Essad Bey-Amazon IP, Seattle 2020

Memory
 Asteroid 32939 Nasimi was named in his memory. The official  was published by the Minor Planet Center on 18 May 2019 (). The movie dedicated to the poet Nesimi by Azerbaijanfilm studio. The ballet dedicated to the poet A Tale of Nesimi by Azerbaijani composer Fikret Amirov in 1973.Various places are named in honor of Nasimi:

 The Nasimi Institute of Linguistics is part of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. Nəsimi raion is an urban district (raion) in Baku. A Baku metro station is named Nəsimi. The urban middle school No 2 in Balaken, Azerbaijan is named for Nasimi
 There are Nəsimi streets in Agdjabedi, Khudat and Baku. There are

masks: Imadaddin Nasimi


title: Imadaddin Nasimi

texts:
 villages named Nasimi in Bilasuvar and in Sabirabad regions, as well as Nəsimikənd in the Saatly region of Azerbaijan. The seaside park in Sumgait was named after Nasimi in 1978 and a statue of him was erected there in 2003. "Nasimi Festival of Poetry, Arts, and Spirituality" was organized in September 2018 by the Heydar Aliyev Foundation and Ministry of Culture of Azerbaijan.The events featured different types of art and knowledge fields in Baku and Shamakhi. In November 2018, the bust of Imadeddin <mask> at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations was unveiled as a part of the Nasimi Festival. From September 28 to October 1, the Second Nasimi Festival of Poetry, Art and Spirituality was held in Azerbaijan in the framework of the "Year of Nasimi". The "Nasimi-650" Second Summer Camp of Diaspora Youth of Azerbaijan was organized in Shamakhi dedicated to the poet's 650th anniversary in July 2019. Songs to Nasimi's poems
 "İstəmə" – composer: Tofig Guliyev
 "Qafil oyan" – composer: Tofig Guliyev
 "Neynədi" – performed by Zeynab Khanlarova
 "Nasimi" – performed by Sami Yusuf

See also

Alevism
Isma'ili
Sufism
Nāīmee
Hurufiyya
Nuktawiyya
Murād Mīrzā
List of Ismaili imams
List of extinct Shia sects
Seven Great Poets

Notes

References

Arabic-language poets
Azerbaijani-language poets
Persian-language poets
14th-century poets of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Sufis
People executed for heresy
People executed by flaying
1370 births
1417 deaths
14th-century Azerbaijani poets
15th-century Azerbaijani poets
Turkish people of Azerbaijani descent
Bektashi Order
15th-century poets of the Ottoman Empire
Male poets of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Arabic


title: André Okombi Salissa

texts:
<mask> is a Congolese politician. As a member of the ruling Congolese Labour Party (PCT), he served in the government of Congo-Brazzaville from 1997 to 2012. He was also the President-Coordinator of the Action Committee for the Defense of Democracy - Youth Movement (CADD-MJ). After his dismissal from the government, he moved into opposition, becoming the President of the Initiative for Democracy in Congo and standing as a candidate in the 2016 presidential election. Political career
<mask> was born at Lekana, located in the Plateaux Region of Congo-Brazzaville; he is an ethnic Téké. He participated in the June–October 1997 civil war on the side of opposition leader Denis Sassou Nguesso, helping to lead Sassou Nguesso's rebel Cobra militia. The Cobra militia prevailed in October 1997, capturing Brazzaville and returning Sassou Nguesso to power.As President, Sassou Nguesso appointed <mask> <mask> as Minister of Technical and Vocational Education on 2 November 1997. <mask> <mask>'s portfolio was expanded on 12 January 1999, when he was appointed as Minister of Technical and Vocational Education, in charge of the Redeployment of the Youth, Civic Instruction, and Sports. In the 2002 parliamentary election, he was elected to the National Assembly as the PCT candidate in Lekana constituency; he defeated Minister of Public Works Florent Ntsiba in the second round of voting, held in June 2002. After the 2002 election, <mask> <mask> remained in the government and was moved to the post of Minister of Labour, Employment, and Social Security on 18 August 2002. He was accordingly succeeded by Pierre-Michel Nguimbi at the Ministry of Technical and Vocational Education on 23 August 2002, and he in turn succeeded

masks:
André Okombi Salissa
Okombi Salissa
Okombi
Salissa
Okombi
Salissa
Okombi
Salissa


title: André Okombi Salissa

texts: René-Dambert Ndouane at the Ministry of Labour on 26 August 2002. The newspaper Le Choc reported on 20 July 2004 that <mask> <mask>, together with three former ministers, had been barred from leaving the country without Sassou Nguesso's approval due to suspicions that they had misused public funds. This report was denied on the next day by public prosecutor Georges Akiéra.<mask> <mask> was moved from his post as Minister of Labour, Employment, and Social Security to that of Minister of Transport and Civil Aviation on 7 January 2005, and he succeeded Isidore Mvouba at the head of the Ministry of Transport on 25 January. Two years later, on 3 March 2007, he was instead appointed as Minister of Tourism and the Environment; following that appointment, he was succeeded as Minister of Transport and Civil Aviation by Emile Ouosso on 12 March 2007. As a result of <mask> <mask>'s appointment as Minister of Tourism and the Environment, he became President of the African Ministerial Conference on the Environment (AMCEN) because AMCEN was chaired by Congo-Brazzaville at that time. In the June–August 2007 parliamentary election, <mask> <mask> was again elected to the National Assembly as the PCT candidate in Lekana; he won the seat in the first round with 91.34% of the vote. Following the election, he remained Minister of Tourism and the Environment in the government appointed on 30 December 2007. He was President of AMCEN until its 12th Session in June 2008, when South Africa assumed the presidency instead. As of 2007, <mask> <mask> was the President-Coordinator of the Action Committee for the Defense of Democracy - Youth Movement (CADD-MJ), a political association affiliated with the PCT; he also served as the

masks: Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa


title: André Okombi Salissa

texts: PCT's Permanent Secretary for Youth, Categorical Unions, and Associated Movements.At CADD-MJ's Second Ordinary Congress in December 2007, he was re-elected by acclamation as President-Coordinator of the Central Council of the CADD-MJ. The CADD-MJ was critically characterized as a "private militia", and <mask> <mask> described as an occultist. <mask> <mask> owns a number of properties in Brazzaville, including a hotel in the Moungali district called Les Bourgeois. At the time of the July 2009 presidential election, <mask> <mask> was Head of the Voter Mobilization Department for Sassou Nguesso's re-election campaign. After Sassou Nguesso won re-election, he moved <mask> <mask> to the post of Minister of Technical and Vocational Education, Skills Training, and Employment on 15 September 2009. At the PCT's Sixth Extraordinary Congress, held in July 2011, <mask> <mask> was elected to the PCT's 51-member Political Bureau. In the July–August 2012 parliamentary election, <mask> <mask> was again elected to the National Assembly as the PCT candidate in Lekana; he won the seat in the first round of voting.Following the election, <mask> <mask> was dismissed from the government on 25 September 2012 after 15 years of continuous service; he was succeeded by Serge Blaise Zoniaba at the Ministry of Technical and Vocational Education on 27 September 2012. The CADD-MJ was dissolved in 2013, effectively leaving <mask> <mask> in the political wilderness, although he remained on the PCT Political Bureau and was a Deputy in the National Assembly. Subsequently he purportedly planned to stand as a presidential candidate in the 2016 election, although reaction to his purported plans was generally dismissive. He began living

masks: Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa


title: André Okombi Salissa

texts:
 in "voluntary exile" in France in 2013. He was indefinitely suspended from the PCT Central Committee in December 2013 for failing to engage in party work and instead working with other organizations. Due to his long absence, <mask> <mask> attracted attention by returning to the National Assembly at the opening of a parliamentary budget session on 15 October 2014. However, he remained a dissenting voice within the PCT.Prior to a government-sponsored dialogue held at Sibiti in July 2015 to discuss potential constitutional changes which could allow Sassou Nguesso to run for another term, <mask> <mask> said on 11 July 2015 that it would merely be a "monologue", not a real dialogue. PCT Secretary-General Pierre Ngolo responded that it was a genuine dialogue and that <mask> <mask>'s "positions are truly at odds with those of the party", describing him as "a friend gone astray" and questioning whether he wanted to remain in the party. <mask> <mask> later became President of the Initiative for Democracy in Congo, and he announced on 30 January 2016 that he planned to stand against Sassou Nguesso as a candidate in the March 2016 presidential election. A warrant was issued for <mask> <mask>'s arrest in December 2016 on allegations of illegal weapons possession. He eluded the authorities for some time, but he was arrested on 10 January 2017. <mask> was still a Deputy in the National Assembly, but his parliamentary immunity was removed by the National Assembly on 19 January 2017, and he was charged on 23 January. References

Members of the National Assembly (Republic of the Congo)
Living people
Government ministers of the Republic of the Congo
Congolese Party of Labour politicians
Year of birth missing (living

masks: Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi Salissa Okombi


title: Wendel Clark

texts:
<mask><mask> (born October 25, 1966) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. His professional career lasted from 1985 until 2000, during which time he played for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Quebec Nordiques, New York Islanders, Tampa Bay Lightning, Detroit Red Wings and Chicago Blackhawks. He was chosen first overall in the 1985 NHL Entry Draft by the Maple Leafs, the team he played with on three occasions, captaining the team from 1991 to 1994. A fan favourite in the city, <mask> has been cited by multiple current NHL players as a boyhood idol. Playing career

Junior
A star junior hockey defenceman with the Saskatoon Blades of the Western Hockey League, <mask> was a member of Canada's gold medal-winning team at the 1985 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. Toronto Maple Leafs (1985–1994)
<mask> was converted to forward after he was selected first overall by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the 1985 NHL Entry Draft. <mask> was known for his physical play and his offensive mind combined with scoring prowess.As tough as <mask> was, his scoring touch and offensive ability was equal to his on-ice toughness. <mask>'s 227 PIM in his rookie season was the 1985–86 Toronto Maple Leafs team-high, along with 34 goals which also led the team. After his rookie season, he was named to the NHL All-Rookie Team and finished third in voting for the Calder Memorial Trophy. The serious back injury that <mask> suffered during a game against the Chicago Blackhawks in 1987 when he was cross-checked into the crossbar of his own goal, hindered his progress as an elite NHL player. Nonetheless, he was a crowd favourite at Maple Leaf Gardens and won a place in the hearts of Leaf fans as he provided a spark during the latter part of the Harold Ballard era, considered the darkest period in the storied franchise's history. <mask> was named captain of the team for the 1991–92 season. During the 1992–93 season, <mask>'s second year captaining the team, the Leafs set team

masks:
Wendel L
. Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark


title: Wendel Clark

texts:
 records in wins (44) and points (99) and also made the playoffs for the first time in three years.The Leafs had a memorable run to the Campbell Conference Finals, but after leading the best-of-seven series three games to two coming within one game of advancing to the Stanley Finals, they lost to the Wayne Gretzky-led Los Angeles Kings, who were coached by <mask>'s cousin, Barry Melrose. Two career-defining moments happened in this series for <mask>: his toe-to-toe fight in Game 1 of the series with enforcer Marty McSorley in retribution for a big hit McSorley made on Leafs star Doug Gilmour, and his hat-trick in Game Six of the seven-game series. "That series was probably the most excitement I saw around here," proclaimed <mask>, who had a legendary series performance with 20 points (10 goals and 10 assists) in his 21 games during the '93 playoffs. "It was the furthest the Leafs had advanced in a long time, the team was coming together at the right time and everybody was doing their jobs." <mask> managed a career-high 46 goals in 64 games for the Leafs during the 1993–94 season, playing on a line with Dave Andreychuk and Doug Gilmour. In the playoffs, the Leafs made a second consecutive trip to the Conference Finals but fell 4–1 to the Vancouver Canucks, who were coached by future Leafs coach Pat Quinn. Trades, return to Toronto and later years (1994–2000)
In June 1994, with his value at an all-time high, <mask> was traded to the Quebec Nordiques in a multi-player deal that notably involved a young Mats Sundin.He was succeeded as Maple Leafs captain by Gilmour. <mask> played the lockout-shortened 1994–95 NHL season in Quebec. After the Nordiques became the Colorado Avalanche, <mask> became embroiled in a contract dispute with the team. As a result, shortly before the beginning of the 1995–96 campaign, he was sent to the New York Islanders in a three-way trade that brought Claude Lemieux to Colorado and Steve Thomas to the New Jersey Devils. <mask>

masks: Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark


title: Wendel Clark

texts:
 played 58 games with the Islanders but finished the season back in Toronto. The Islanders received a first-round pick from the Leafs (4th overall in 1997) which turned out to be Roberto Luongo. In 1998 <mask> signed as a free agent with the Tampa Bay Lightning, where he earned a spot on the North American All-Star team and went on to score 28 goals in 65 games.Despite his success in Tampa Bay, he was dealt at the trade deadline to the Detroit Red Wings, where he finished the 1998–99 season. <mask> signed with the Chicago Blackhawks later in 1999 but only appeared in 13 games with the team. Upon returning to the Leafs in 2000, after being benched by the Blackhawks, <mask> was not particularly effective for the remainder of the regular season, but he found his form for the Leafs' playoff run. Leaf fans gave their former captain a 90-second standing ovation after <mask> barreled into the New Jersey Devils zone and hit the post in Game 1. During Game 4, <mask> assisted on the game-winning goal that gave the Leafs a 2–1 victory and tied the series with the Devils. Post-retirement
<mask> is now employed by the Toronto Maple Leafs Hockey Club as a community ambassador and public relations. He can be seen at virtually all Leaf home games, usually with his wife Denise and children.The Toronto Maple Leafs honoured the former captain by raising his legendary number 17 to the rafters on November 22, 2008, at the Air Canada Centre. The number was officially retired by the team on October 15, 2016, during a home pre-game ceremony in which 17 players representing 11 sweater numbers were similarly honoured. Prior to the Leafs' Hockey Day in Canada game against the Ottawa Senators on Saturday, February 18, 2017, it was announced that statues of iconic Leafs Charlie Conacher, Red Kelly, Frank Mahovlich and <mask> would be added to the Leafs' Legends Row, located outside the Air Canada Centre, as part of the ongoing Maple Leafs' Centennial Anniversary. He owns <mask>

masks: Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Clark Wendel Wendel


title: Wendel Clark

texts:
 <mask>'s Classic Grill and Sports Lounge, with four restaurants in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; Brampton, Ontario;Oshawa, Ontario; and Burlington, Ontario. He resides in King City. Personal life

Family
<mask>'s first cousin is ex-NHLer and ESPN commentator Barry Melrose; he is also a cousin of former Detroit Red Wing and Saskatoon Blade Joe Kocur. <mask>'s younger brother <mask> was also a professional hockey player; he was a career minor leaguer who is in the top 60 in minor league history in penalty minutes with 2812.<mask>'s other brother, Donn <mask>, is best known for being the head coach of the Prince Albert Raiders and the Saskatoon Blades. <mask>'s son, Kody <mask>, began playing for the Ottawa 67's of the Ontario Hockey League in 2016. Kody was selected 47th overall in  the 2018 NHL Entry Draft by the Washington Capitals. In popular culture
Though it was released very early in his career, arguably before he became well known as a player, <mask> was celebrated by the Canadian band The Rheostatics in the song "The Ballad of <mask> <mask> Parts I & II" on their debut album, Greatest Hits. Awards
 WHL East First All-Star Team – 1985
 Selected to two NHL All-Star Games: 1986 and 1999
 Inducted into the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame in 2011. #17 jersey retired by the Toronto Maple Leafs. Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

See also
Captain (ice hockey)
Notable families in the NHL

References

External links

Official website

1966 births
Athol Murray College of Notre Dame alumni
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Chicago Blackhawks players
Detroit Red Wings players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Living people
National Hockey League All-Stars
National Hockey League first overall draft picks
National Hockey League first round draft picks
New York Islanders players
People from Kelvington, Saskatchewan
Quebec Nordiques players
Saskatoon Blades players
Tampa Bay Lightning players
Toronto Maple Leafs draft picks
Toronto Maple

masks:
Clark
Clark
Clark
Kerry Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Clark
Wendel
Clark


title: Philippe Goibaut

texts:
<mask> (; 22? March 1629 – 1 July 1694), known to his contemporaries as Monsieur Du Bois (), was a translator of St. Augustine, member of the Académie Française and director of Mademoiselle de Guise's musical ensemble. One of his detractors claimed that Goibaut began his career as dancing master to the young Louis Joseph, Duke of Guise and did not learn Latin until he was thirty, when the Jansenist “Messieurs” of Port-Royal became his spiritual and intellectual mentors. In 1965 Jean Mesnard's research into the circle around Blaise Pascal proved the inaccuracy of this legend. Mesnard's findings have shaped the biography that follows. Biography
<mask> was born into a solid bourgeois family of Poitou. His father, <mask>ut, "écuyer" and "seigneur du Bois et de La Grugère" (d. 1638), was sénéchal of Champdeniers, a fief of the powerful Rochechouarts.Young <mask> studied in Poitiers and in 1655 asserted that he was a maître d’hôtel ordinaire du roi. An inventory of his possessions drawn up that year refers to a library of some 200 books in Greek, Latin and French, as well as a viol, a theorbo and a guitar. In other words, by the time he was twenty-five, Goibaut was already skilled in classical letters and was at least a competent performer on stringed instruments. In 1655 he married Françoise Blacvod (d. 1676), the daughter of an official of Poitiers who descended from Adam Blackwood, physician to Mary, Queen of Scots. In 1660, Du Bois journeyed to Paris and rapidly entered the circle of Artus Gouffier, Duke of Roannez, the royal governor of Poitou. Roannez introduced him to his close friend Pascal, to Christiaan

masks:
Philippe Goibaut des Bois La Grugère
Philippe Goibaut
Philippe Goiba
Philippe


title: Philippe Goibaut

texts: to a young composer named Marc-Antoine Charpentier, to whom she granted an apartment adjacent to Goibaut's. After the Duke's death in 1672, both Mlle de Guise and the Duke's widow, “Mme de Guise” continued their protection of Goibaut and Charpentier. For seventeen years the two men — joined by an ever-increasing number of singers and instrumentalists — performed religious and secular music for the two Guise princesses, not only in their private residences and chapels but also at the royal court and in select Parisian venues. To be precise, <mask> conducted and Charpentier composed. Goibaut may occasionally have played with the ensemble, just as Charpentier sometimes sang with it. Indeed, when Goibaut died, he still owned his viol, plus fifty-six volumes of music by a variety of composers.For some of these volumes he had badgered the resident in Paris for Cosimo III de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, to ship Italian songbooks to Paris for the enjoyment of Mlle de Guise. A neo-Latinist who probably wrote most, if not all the libretti for Charpentier's oratorios, Goibaut was respected for his ability to set Latin texts to plainsong. After the death of the Duke of Guise in 1672, Goibaut began translating Latin texts into French:  Thomas à Kempis's Imitation of Christ, two volumes of Cicero and eight volumes of St. Augustine. For his point of departure he used the recent Latin editions done by the scholarly Benedictines of Saint-Maur. Always keeping the lay reader in mind, he worked to present not only the author's ideas but also his tone and his manner of expressing himself. To this end, Goibaut did not translate


title: Philippe Goibaut

texts: word for word; instead, he conveyed "what the author wanted to impress upon the reader's spirit and heart." The translated text was complemented by brief annotations providing background information about the history of the late Roman Empire or the theological quarrels of the first centuries of the Church.The result, said Pierre Bayle, is "exact, faithful, pure, elegant, and admirably disentangled." The first of these translations came off the press 1678; the last appeared posthumously in 1696. In addition, the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in October 1685 caused Goibaut to write his Conformité de la conduite de l’église en France, which parallels the Church's repressive conversion of the Donatists and its forcible conversion of Protestants after the Revocation. Goibaut calls for using, instead, "the force of Truth," that is, the gentler approach recommended in two of St. Augustine's letters. During Mlle de Guise's last illness, Goibaut and Father François de la Chaise, S.J. may well have exerted undue influence on the dying woman. At any rate, both men received large legacies.Upon the princess's death in March 1688, Goibaut was granted the right to remain at the Hôtel de Guise. During those years, he frequently saw Mme de Sévigné, who admired his wit and his intellect and considered him to be sincerely devout. But he had his detractors, who tended to view him as a shameless opportunist who had a knack for ingratiating himself. In November 1693, <mask> was elected to the Académie Française. Eight months later he died in his apartment at the Hôtel de Guise and was buried at the nearby parish church of


title: Philippe Goibaut

texts:
 Augustine, Les Sermons ... sur le Nouveau Testament ... (Paris, 1694), dedicated to Mme de Guise. The “Avertissement” at the head of this translation has been edited by Thomas M. Carr, Jr., Réflexions ... (Geneva: Droz, 1992). “Discours prononcez dans l’Académie Française le jeudy 12 novembre 1693 à la réception de M. du Bois” (Paris, 1693). Translation of St. Augustine, Les Soliloques, les Méditations et le Manuel ... (Paris, 1696).Translation of St. Augustine, Le Manuel et le Livre ... de l’esprit et de la lettre (Paris, 1759). Notes

Further reading
Thomas M. Carr, Antoine Arnauld: Réflexions sur l'éloquence des predicateurs (1695): et <mask>ut Du Bois: Avertissement en tête de sa traduction des sermons de saint Augustin (1694) (Geneva: Droz, 1992). Jean Duron, “Les ‘paroles de musique’ sous le règne de Louis XIV,” in Jean Duron, ed., Plain-chant et liturgie en France au XVIIe siècle (Paris: Klincksieck, 1997), especially p. 169, which reproduces a hymn set to plainsong by “M. Dubois de l’Hôtel de Guise.”
Jean Mesnard, Pascal et les Roannez (Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 1965), vol. 2, passim. Patricia M. Ranum, “<mask>ut Du Bois: Three Letters and an Inventory,” http://www.ranumspanat.com/Dubois_letters.htm. Patricia M. Ranum, ed.“<mask> Du Bois, Correspondence during a trip to Champagne, October 1680," http://www.ranumspanat.com/1680_champagne.htm. Patricia M. Ranum, Portraits around Marc-Antoine Charpentier (Baltimore, 2004), “Du Bois the Chapel Master,” pp. 159–169. Académie française

External links

1629 births
1694 deaths
Translators to French
17th-century French writers
17th-century French male

masks:
Philippe Goiba
Philippe Goiba
Philippe Goibaut


title: George Borg Olivier

texts:
<mask>,  () (5 July 1911 – 29 October 1980) was a Maltese statesman and leading politician. He twice served as Prime Minister of Malta (1950–55 and 1962–71) as the Leader of the Nationalist Party. He was also Leader of the Opposition between 1955–58, and again between 1971–77. <mask> was elected as one of the three Nationalist members of the Council of Government in 1939. In May 1940, when the leader of the Nationalist party, Enrico Mizzi, was first interned by the British and deported, <mask> became interim leader. After his return, Mizzi made <mask> his deputy. Rising to office as a protégé of Mizzi and Sir Ugo P. Mifsud, <mask> believed in the economic and social development of Malta as a viable independent state and in the necessity of a mixed economy.During his premiership, he pursued corporatist policies to develop the tourism industry and construction as the engine of growth. Under his leadership, average living standards rose steadily as Malta began to decouple from a fortress economy purely dependent on the British military establishment. Near the end of his rule as prime minister, his government was rocked by various political and personal scandals, which seemed to symbolise the moral decay of the Maltese political establishment. Resigning from Leader of the Nationalist Party in 1977, <mask> <mask> retained his parliamentary seat until his death in 1980. He was succeeded as leader of the party by Eddie Fenech Adami. Early life

Family
<mask> <mask> was born in Valletta, the son of <mask> <mask> Puget Paleologo and Rosa (née Amato), and had had a sheltered childhood lived in the Valletta of the 1920s and 1930s. <mask> <mask> grew up in a family steeped in Nationalist politics.His uncle Salvatore was speaker of the house and then a senator, and led the opposition to Lord Strickland's Constitutional Party in the 1920s before becoming a cabinet minister during the premiership of Ugo P. Mifsud in the early 1930s. <mask> <mask> followed in this uncle's footsteps by becoming a notary. Education
He was educated at the Lyceum, Malta, and the Royal University of

masks:
Giorgio Borg Olivier
Borg Olivier
Borg Olivier
Borg Olivier
Borg Olivier
Borg
Olivier
George Borg
Olivier
Olivier Borg
Olivier de
Borg
Olivier
Borg
Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts:
 Malta, where he graduated Doctor of Laws in 1937. As a university student, <mask> <mask> was elected President of the Comitato Permanente Universitario until it was suppressed by the British colonial government in March 1935. Personal life

Family
<mask> <mask> married Alexandra Mattei in 1943. They had one daughter, Angela, and two sons, Alexander and Peter. <mask> <mask> died on  25 February 2009, aged 87.<mask> <mask> died 19 April 2012, aged 62. Political career

Private member (1939–1950)
The 1930s were particularly trying for Maltese society. War on the continent caused social and cultural tension on the islands. The alignment of local culture with Italy by elements of the social elite appeared to be lackey behaviour towards Fascist Italy. The Partito Nazionale of Enrico Mizzi and Sir Ugo P. Mifsud, the party chosen by <mask> <mask>, came under strict scrutiny once war broke out in Europe in 1939. The war led to the exile of Nationalists supporters, including Enrico Mizzi, one of the main leaders of the Partito Nazionale. On 25 June 1939, <mask> <mask> addressed his first mass-meeting in Siġġiewi, a village which also hosted his office as notary public:

<mask> <mask> played an active role in this election, addressing political meetings in various villages, such as Birkirkara and Bormla.He was one of the three party candidates, together with Mizzi and Mifsud, who made it to the Council of Government in 1939. The Nationalist members' line in the 1939 Council of Government was not obstructionist, however the three members believed that "the nation is mature, and quite mature from now to administer the government. It has sufficient talent, sufficient capacity for work and sufficient patriotism." <mask> <mask> was also chosen by Lieutenant governor William Dobbie as one of eight Protection Officers. Following the illegal internment and deportation of Maltese citizens, <mask> <mask> offered a sustained opposition to the Council's deportations, talking at length and in many occasions against these actions, famously observing that:

The internees were returned to

masks:
Borg
Olivier
Borg
Olivier
Alexandra Borg
Olivier
Peter Borg
Olivier
Borg
Olivier
Borg
Olivier
Borg
Olivier
Borg
Olivier
Borg
Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts:
 Malta in May 1945, and the three Nationalist members of the Council resigned in July, with the Nationalists refusing to participate in the 1945 elections. This was a protest against the imposition of non-administrative government. In 1947, Borġ <mask> was elected to the Legislative Assembly and was later Deputy Leader of the Opposition.The Boffa Government of 1947 was soon in crisis following Paul Boffa's disagreements with Dom Mintoff. From Minister to Prime Minister (1950–1955)
Following the general elections of 1950, <mask> <mask> held the post of Minister for Public Works and Reconstruction and Minister of Education in a Nationalist Minority Government led by Enrico Mizzi. <mask> <mask> became Prime Minister and Minister of Justice in a Minority Government upon Mizzi's death in December 1950. He was also confirmed leader of the Nationalist Party by the Party's Executive Committee. The obstructionist strategies of the parties in opposition made Borġ <mask> bid the Governor, Sir Gerald Creasy, to call for fresh elections. These were held in May 1951, and as a result of them, <mask> <mask> formed a coalition Government with the Malta Workers' Party, which was led by erstwhile PM Paul Boffa. <mask> <mask> was head of the new government, retaining the Ministry for Public Works and Reconstruction.Re-elected in 1953, the coalition remained in office till 1955. On the political front, these years were marked with the attempt for a proper definition of Malta's constitutional status and relationship with the United Kingdom. One such attempt related to an incident with respect to the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953. Borġ <mask> was invited for the ceremony, but refused to attend unless Malta's precedence rights were respected. The difficulties were overcome when the British government agreed to treat the Prime Minister of Malta on an equal basis to the Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia and Northern Ireland. This was a diplomatic victory for Borġ <mask>, winning him unanimous approval in Parliament. During his stay in London, Borġ <mask> presented a memorandum

masks: Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Olivier Olivier Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts:
 to the Minister of State for Colonial Affairs, Henry Hopkinson, explaining the Maltese government's position that Malta ought be transferred from the Colonial Office to the Commonwealth Relations Office, as an independent dominion within the Commonwealth.This was a counter-proposal to the British Government's offer to move Malta under Home Office responsibility. Discussions by a Maltese delegation in May 1953 focused on the legal, constitutional and economic aspects of this question. This was a prelude to the political struggle with Mintoff's Malta Labour Party, which favoured integration with Britain. Leader of the Opposition (1955–1958)

The general elections of 1955, which were lost by the Nationalist party, were linked with the two competing proposals of integration with Britain and dominion status. The imperial authorities on the islands were accused of exerting undue pressure on the electorate by the Nationalist party, with the Governor, Major General Sir Robert Laycock, taking the unheard of step of addressing the electorate over the rediffusion at the start of the electoral campaign. The Nationalist Congress, held 24 April 1955, passed a resolution deploring the "scandalous and unconstitutional interference of the Governor." From 1955–58, <mask> <mask> served as Leader of Opposition.He led the Nationalist Party delegations in June and September 1955 for the Malta Round Table Conference. In these meetings, the Nationalist members reiterated that "Malta ought be given full autonomy within the Commonwealth, autonomous in its relationship with the United Kingdom, but not with the rest of the Commonwealth and other independent nations. The matters dealing with defense, the Commonwealth and international relationships should be the equal responsibility of the governments of the United Kingdom and Malta." These constitutional demands were not met by the British government, which moved to agree in principle with Mintoff's demands for integration with Britain. A referendum was called, with <mask> <mask> calling a boycott of the vote. Although the votes cast showed a

masks: Borg Olivier Borg Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts:
 substantial majority for integration, the outcome clearly showed that the nation did not approve of the proposals. Coupled with Borġ <mask>'s attempts to expose British intrusions, and that "the Secretary of State for the Colonies is determined to bulldoze integration on the Island," support for the Malta Labour Party's proposal for full integration began to wane.With the decrease in British defence spending, and the British government's unwillingness to set dates for full equality between the Maltese and British people, the integration proposal was effectively dead. At this point, Mintoff resigned and declared a national day of protest. Riots broke out 28 April 1958. The governor declared a state of emergency with troops placed on standby to help the civil police. After <mask> <mask>'s refusal to form a government, the governor was forced to declare a state of public emergency in Malta, suspending the 1947 Constitution. Prime Minister (1962–1971)

Road to Independence

Following the February 1962 election, <mask> <mask> agreed to form a Government after obtaining important amendments to the Constitution. In addition to being Prime Minister, he assumed the portfolio of Minister of Economic Planning and Finance.In the 1962 elections, 76% of the electorate voted for the principal parties which were demanding Independence. The Nationalist Party had suffered an internal split, with Herbert Ganado founding the more populist Democratic Nationalist Party. The Nationalists gained a majority and therefore <mask> <mask> became Prime Minister. Shortly afterwards, amendments to the Constitution were made. <mask> <mask> proceeded to London to ask for a financial agreement and demand Independence with full membership within the Commonwealth. At the time unemployment had risen to 6% and there were fears of discharges from the Naval Arsenal. On 20 August 1962, Dr <mask> <mask> presented a formal request for Independence.It was soon made known that the Attorney General Prof John J. Cremona, was working on a draft constitution while it was announced that a Malta Independence

masks: Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts: Conference was to be held at Marlborough House, London. The Conference started on 16 July 1963. Delegates from all the political parties led by <mask> <mask>, Dom Mintoff, Toni Pellegrini, Herbert Ganado and Mabel Strickland attended. The Conference was chaired by Duncan Sandys. Discussions went on right through July. The Maltese Government was asking for a monarchical state with a Governor General representing the Queen. The Secretary of State proposed a referendum about the constitution.<mask> <mask>'s shrewdness as a politician enabled him to use the ongoing religious conflict between the Labour Party and the Maltese church, headed by Archbishop Mikiel Gonzi, to his advantage. This was a particular achievement given <mask> <mask>'s relationship with the Bishop were very strained. However, <mask> <mask> was still able to gain a reduction in the clerical and episcopal influence on Maltese politics. This was the tail end of the Maltese Politico-religious dispute, comparable in some ways to the questions arising thirty years earlier, in Strickland's time. Although there was a personality clash between Archbishop Gonzi and Mintoff, other issues of power and jurisdiction were clearly becoming evident in the growing tension between the ecclesiastical sphere and the state. Mass hysteria and campaigns of almost sectarian proportions ensued, with Mintoff and several of his Labour Party colleagues being denied the sacraments and demonised. <mask> <mask> was no religious fanatic, and took the politically correct side against his main adversary, riding on the wave of religious sentiment.Privately he argued that the Church's efforts to rally third parties to enter the political fray was damaging his chances. This referred in particular to a second, Church-supported right-wing party led by Herbert Ganado, which had returned four MPs in the 1962 elections. Ganado, along with three other 'pro-church' small parties, two of which with returned MPs, were opposed to independence. Gonzi wanted to check both Mintoff and Borġ <mask>, to prevent the loss of the Church's guarded status

masks: Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts: under a new political system. Both the main political parties, the PN and the MLP, had independence from Britain prominently included in their electoral campaigns. On taking office in 1962, the demand for independence was put on the table quickly enough and preliminary discussions began almost immediately. Borġ <mask> tried rather unsuccessfully to get Britain to increase its aid to Malta, to protect against the consequences of the planned 'run down' of British service establishments in Malta.After unsuccessful talks, <mask> <mask> retorted that he had not gone to London "to make a silver collection". From his London hotel on 20 August 1962, <mask> <mask> addressed to the secretary of state for the colonies a formal and urgent request for Malta's independence. The main British concern was of course defence, but also security. The violence of 1958 and subsequent events, including manifestations of support for 'neutrality and non-alignment', had rather dented regard for Mintoff and his party generally, not only among the British Conservative Party. The Malta Labour Party tended to be perceived now as departing from or sidelining the Western camp. It was the Nationalists under <mask> <mask> who were now seen by the British as the better able to reassure the West, and to offer the best chances for democracy, security, and stability in an independent state. After a controversial referendum in May 1964, in which a majority of the votes cast approved the proposed independence constitution, in July a full round of talks with all the five political parties concerned, led by <mask> <mask> as prime minister, was held at Marlborough House in London.The minority view against immediate independence was dismissed. The majority view was hindered by disagreements as to constitutional form, mainly concerning civil and secular entitlements against traditional Roman Catholic presumptions and fears, but one of Mintoff's six points also endorsed the potential justification of violence. The MLP also seemed unenthusiastic about Malta's staying in the Commonwealth, or retaining the George

masks: Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts:
 Cross in the national colours. On 13 July 1963, <mask> <mask> headed a Government delegation for the Malta Independence Conference at the end of which it was announced that Malta would become independent. On 25 January 1964, <mask> <mask> was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St. Sylvester, Pope, by Pope Paul VI. After having had a series of talks with the British Government and after preparing a Constitution for an independent Malta, which was endorsed by Parliament and approved by the people in a referendum held in February 1964, <mask> <mask> set 21 September as Malta's Independence Day. Independence was part of a package which included retaining British defence facilities for ten years and financial aid to the tune of £51 million.NATO's Mediterranean branch headquarters, just outside Valletta, was also retained, ensuring that Malta would remain in the Western sphere of influence, while British and NATO forces would continue to benefit from the islands' strategic location. On Independence Day, 21 September 1964, the degree of Doctor of Literature (Honoris Causa) was conferred on <mask> <mask> by the Royal University of Malta. In November 1964, he was received by Pope Paul VI and made Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Pius IX. Independent Malta

In March 1965, he became Minister of Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs in addition to his duties as Prime Minister and Minister of Economic Planning and Finance. In the General Elections held in March 1966, the Nationalist Party was again returned to power with <mask> <mask> as Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs. On 14 June 1968, <mask> <mask> was decorated with the Grand Cross of Merit of the Order of Malta by the Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta. <mask> <mask>'s family affairs, which were somewhat disturbed, soon fell under public scrutiny.The marital relationship of the <mask> <mask> couple began to be used by all his political opponents as a source of criticism. These scandals were part of the political

masks: Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts:
 rhetoric of the 1960s. The Maltese church's teachings still played a cardinal role in local politics. <mask> <mask> had jumped on the Church's bandwagon, grasping a substantial political advantage from the Church's excommunication of the Maltese Labour Party. <mask> <mask> did not agree with the Church's position, yet he still capitalised on the situation and gave sterling support to the Church's authorities. The introduction of Labour newspapers in public hospitals was banned, a decision later revoked by the courts, while excommunicated citizens were forbidden from being buried in their family graves in public cemeteries. The abuse of Maltese children who had been sent to Australia on the initiative of the Maltese church was another scandal which rocked the country.Leader of the Opposition (1971–1977)

As the 1960s came to a close, an economy reeling from over-reliance on construction and labour troubles at the Dockyards endangered <mask> <mask>'s administration. Above all, the common belief was that <mask> <mask> and his cabinet had no initiative, preferring to react rather than to act. In the 1971 election campaign, the Labour Party claimed that the government was lazy and out of touch, especially compared with the aggressive and determined Mintoff. However, the <mask> <mask> Cabinet was incredibly active meeting, in all, 766 times from 27 August 1962 to 1 June 1971, just before the elections which were to unseat it; the cabinet met even on Boxing Day, sometimes morning and evening, and even on the feast day of St Paul's Shipwreck. This effort did <mask> <mask> no good; Mintoff and Labour regained power. Having led the Nationalists to defeat in the 1971 election and also the next election five years later, <mask> <mask> incurred increasing censure within as well as outside his own party. His approach seemed lightweight and passive compared with Mintoff's vehement rule.Borġ <mask> opposed, but without success, the growing tendency of Mintoff's most extreme supporters to resort to violence as a political weapon. Among <mask> <mask>'s fellow party members, a

masks: Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Olivier Borg Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts: younger generation had emerged by this time which considered him physically and politically incapable of winning back popular support  from Mintoff. His growing tendency to procrastinate rather than to take tough decisions attracted particular criticism. During January 1974, eighteen Nationalist parliamentarians signed a declaration of no confidence in Borġ <mask>'s leadership. Three others who could not attend signed later. Out of 27 MPs, only five supported the party leader. These five MPs were <mask> <mask> (<mask>'s brother), <mask> <mask> Puget (<mask>'s nephew), Alfred Bonnici (who had been appointed speaker in the previous parliament by <mask>), J. Cassar Galea (an old friend of Borġ <mask>) and Alexander Cachia Zammit (a former minister in <mask> <mask>'s cabinet).<mask> <mask> could still count on the support of his relatives in the party, as well as on those politicians who, like Cachia Zammit, had been members of his 1962-1971 cabinets and were still in the legislature. For a while, that backing was enough to enable <mask> <mask> to retain the party leadership. Yet when <mask> <mask> loyalists proved incapable of opposing Mintoff's proposal to change Malta from a constitutional monarchy to a republic (with a parliamentary majority of two-thirds, but without the referendum which <mask> <mask> wanted), his position was fatally weakened. After Mintoff's re-election in 1976, the general feeling among most Nationalists was that the party could succeed only if it acquired a young, genuinely devout, dynamic Catholic as a new leader. In other words, the Nationalist Party wanted to adopt a populist approach. Ironically enough, it was a position which had been advocated by Ganado, but which <mask> <mask> had strongly resisted in the sixties. Undercurrents began to form within the higher ranks of the party with the aim of removing <mask> <mask>.Eddie Fenech Adami, a comparative newcomer among Nationalist parliamentarians, became the party's leader in 1977. At 44 years of age he was much younger and more determined than <mask> <mask>. His tenure as Opposition Leader

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Paulo Borg
Olivier
George
Albert Borg
Olivier de
George
George
Olivier
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Olivier
Borg
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Olivier
Borg
Olivier
Borg
Olivier
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Olivier


title: George Borg Olivier

texts:
 reinvigorated an ailing party, which achieved an actual majority of the popular vote in 1981. After stepping down from party leader, <mask> <mask> became a recluse, alone, friendless and detached from the local political scene. A sense of betrayal marked his attitude, given that Fenech Adami had been encouraged by <mask> <mask> to remain in politics after suffering two personal electoral defeats. Death and state funeral

Despite his increasingly worsening health, Borġ <mask> still tried to remain active in public life. By 1980, <mask> <mask> had been battling lung cancer for a number of years.Less than four years after he had resigned from the leadership of the Nationalist Party, he died at his Sliema home, at age 69, on Wednesday 29 October 1980. Prime Minister Mintoff expressed his intention to organise a state funeral for <mask> <mask>. His funeral was the largest state funeral in Maltese history up to that point in time, and it was followed by thousands who went to Valletta to pay their last respects. He was buried at Addolorata cemetery, Paola, Malta. A monument in honour of Borġ <mask> was erected in Castille Square, Valletta in 1989, as part of the events commemorating the 25th anniversary of independence. Honours and awards
: Doctor of Literature (Honoris Causa), Royal University of Malta, September 1964
: Grand Cross of the Order of St. Sylvester, January 1964
: Grand Cross of the Order of Pius IX, November 1964
: Grand Cross of Merit, June 1968

See also
Prime Minister of Malta
List of prime ministers of Malta

References

Citations

Bibliography

1911 births
1980 deaths
Prime Ministers of Malta
Finance Ministers of Malta
Knights of the Order of St. Sylvester
Alumni of the University of Malta
Nationalist Party (Malta) politicians
People from Valletta
Members of the House of Representatives of Malta
Maltese Roman Catholics
Companions of Honour of the National Order of Merit (Malta)
Deputy Prime Ministers of Malta
Foreign ministers of Malta
Maltese lawyers
20th-century lawyers
20th-century Maltese politicians
Leaders of the Opposition (Malta)
Burials at

masks: Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Olivier Borg Olivier Borg Olivier Olivier


title: Richard A. Lovett

texts: <mask><mask> (born October 28, 1953) is an American science fiction author and science writer from Portland, Oregon. He has written numerous short stories and factual articles that have appeared in multiple literary and scientific magazines and websites, including Analog Science Fiction and Fact, National Geographic News, Nature, New Scientist, Science, Scientific American, Cosmos, and Psychology Today. Lovett is one of the most prolific and decorated writers in Analogs 80-plus-year history. His first formal appearance in the magazine other than a 1993 letter to the editor was "Tricorders, Yactograms and the Future of Analytical Chemistry: When 'Nano-' Isn't Small Enough" (April 1999), a science article. His first fiction appearance was the novelette "Equalization" (March 2003). Lovett first won the magazine's reader's choice award, the Analytical Laboratory (AnLab), in 2002 for a 2001 fact article, "Up in Smoke: How Mt. St. Helens Blasted Conventional Scientific Wisdom" (April 2001).Since then he has won the award a record thirteen times, three times for novelettes, three times for novellas, and seven times for science articles. Including the 2015 awards, he has also placed in the top five 33 additional times, more than any other Analog contributor. As of the July/Aug 2015 issue, his work had appeared in the magazine 134 times, placing him second place on the magazine's all-time contributor list. In addition to writing fiction and science articles for the magazine, he has also written profiles (called Biologs) since 2006, and a series of how-to articles about writing short stories. These special features comprise about a quarter of his total contributions to the magazine. His science fiction stories have also appeared in Nature, Cosmos, Abyss and Apex,

masks:
Richard A
. Lovett


title: Richard A. Lovett

texts:
 Esli (Russian translation), Running Times, and Marathon & Beyond. Coaching and sports writing
In addition to writing science fiction, Lovett is coach of Team Red Lizard, a 240-member running club in Portland, Oregon, as well as of seven women who qualified to compete for the 2012, 2016, or 2020 U.S. Olympic Marathon Team, and one member of the U.S.Snow Shoe Racing Team. He writes frequent features about distance running for Running Times magazine and Marathon & Beyond, Podium Runner, Women's Running, and Peak Performance (UK), and has written Olympic-related news articles and features for National Geographic News, Cosmos, and the San Diego Union-Tribune newspaper. He has also co-authored two running books with marathon legend <mask>, plus two books on bicycle touring and one on cross-country skiing. Sports themes, particularly running, have infused seven of his science fiction stories: "Equalization" (Analog, March 2003),  "Original Sin" (Analog, June 2006), "Olympic Talent" (Nature, July 5, 2007), "Excellence" (Analog, Jan/Feb 2009), "Jak and the Beanstalk" (Analog, Jul/Aug 2011), "Running 2030" (Running Times, Dec 2011), and "Morgan's Run" (Cosmos, Nov/Dec 2012). "Equalization" is the story of a futuristic 10,000-meter runner in a world in which runners are annually handicapped by mind/body swaps in which highly competitive individuals receive less-talented bodies;
  "Original Sin" centers around a memory-recording device that allows coaches to feel exactly what their runners feel in training;
  "Olympic Talent" and "Excellence" involve athletes who improve performance through gene doping, a technology in which gene therapy methods are used to enhance strength and endurance,
  "Jak and the Beanstalk" centers around an endurance athlete who finds a way


title: Eugene Esmonde

texts:
Lieutenant Commander <mask>,  (1 March 1909 – 12 February 1942) was a distinguished Irish pilot in the Fleet Air Arm who was a posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy awarded to members of Commonwealth forces. Esmonde earned this award while in command of a British Fleet Air Arm torpedo bomber squadron in the Second World War. Early life
Esmonde was born on 1 March 1909 in Thurgoland, Yorkshire, near Barnsley, where his Irish Catholic father, Dr <mask> (1862–1915), was in temporary general practice. Esmonde had three elder half-brothers and three half-sisters from his father's first marriage to Rose McGuinness. His brothers were: Sir <mask>, 14th Baronet, who served in the First World War; Second Lieutenant <mask> (1897–1916), who was killed in action in the First World War serving with the 26th Tyneside Irish Battalion of the Northumberland Fusiliers; and Sir <mask>, 15th Baronet. After the death of his first wife John Esmonde elder married Eily O'Sullivan, who bore him five sons and one daughter: Owen, Donal, John Witham, <mask> and his twin James, Carmel and Patrick. <mask>, who was awarded the Victoria Cross in the Crimean War, was a great-uncle.Though he was born in England, Esmonde's parents were from Ireland and he returned to his family's ancestral home of the Esmonde baronets in Drominagh, County Tipperary as a boy. He was educated by the Jesuits, first at Wimbledon College in London and then at Clongowes Wood College in County Kildare, Ireland. Esmonde was commissioned into the Royal Air Force (RAF) as a pilot officer on

masks:
Eugene Esmonde
John Joseph Esmonde
John Esmonde
Geoffrey Esmonde
Anthony Esmonde
Eugene
Thomas Esmonde


title: Eugene Esmonde

texts:
 was another torpedo hit by aircraft of Ark Royal several days later that led to the battleship's final destruction).Esmonde was decorated with the Distinguished Service Order on 11 February 1942 for his leadership and actions (the award was announced on 16 September 1941). His squadron was serving on  when she was torpedoed in November 1941. Attempts to tow her to Gibraltar were abandoned, and on 14 November 1941 she sank. The Swordfish of the squadron ferried some of the crew off the ship before she sank; Esmonde was mentioned in dispatches for his actions on this occasion. Channel Dash
Esmonde earned his Victoria Cross when he led his squadron against elements of the German fleet which were making the "Channel Dash" (Operation Cerberus) from Brest in an attempt to return to their home bases at Wilhelmshaven and Kiel through the English Channel. On 12 February 1942 off the coast of England, 32-year-old Lieutenant Commander <mask> led a detachment of six Fairey Swordfish in an attack on the German battlecruisers  and  and the heavy cruiser . All three had left Brest unopposed, and, with a strong escort of smaller craft, were entering the Straits of Dover when Esmonde received his orders.He waited as long as he felt he could for confirmation of his fighter escort, but eventually took off without it. One of the fighter squadrons (10 Supermarine Spitfires of No. 72 Squadron RAF) did rendezvous with Esmonde's squadron; the two squadrons were later attacked by enemy fighters of JG 2 and JG 26 as part of Operation Donnerkeil, the German air superiority plan for the mission. The subsequent fighting left


title: Eugene Esmonde

texts:
 for them to fly against these big ships". Willhelm Wolf aboard the Scharnhorst wrote, "What an heroic stage for them to meet their end!Behind them their homeland, which they had just left with their hearts steeled to their purpose, still in view". The award of the VC was gazetted on 3 March 1942, the citation read:

In fact, no torpedo hits were achieved. Esmonde was remembered in Winston Churchill's famous broadcast speech on 13 May 1945, "Five years of War", as having defended Ireland's honour:

Seven weeks later Lieutenant Commander Esmonde's body, still in his lifejacket, was washed ashore in the Thames Estuary near the River Medway. Esmonde was buried in the Woodlands Cemetery, Gillingham, Kent on 30 April 1942. References

Further reading

External links
 Lieutenant Commander E<mask> in The Art of War exhibition at the UK National Archives (includes image of original recommendation for the VC)

 Location of grave and VC medal (Kent)
 Esmonde Family Tree

1909 births
1942 deaths
People from Thurgoland
People from County Tipperary
People educated at Clongowes Wood College
People educated at Wimbledon College
Royal Air Force officers
Royal Navy officers of World War II
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British World War II bomber pilots
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title: Bharat Gupt

texts:
<mask> is an Indian classicist, theatre theorist, sitar and surbahar player, musicologist, and newspaper columnist. He is also a retired Professor in English, who taught at the College of Vocational Studies of the University of Delhi. Life and studies
<mask> was born on 28 November 1946 in Moradabad (Uttar Pradesh, India), a small city of mixed Hindu-Muslim population, known for Hindustani music and Urdu poetry. His parents moved in the early '50s to Delhi where he went to school and college and studied English, Hindi, Sanskrit and philosophy, spending, however, every summer in the district town. He then spent a year in the US at the end of Counter-Cultural days, in the late 1960s; then he moved to Canada and took a master's degree from Toronto. Back in India, he learnt to play the sitar and surbahar, training for eight years under the eminent musician Pandit Uma Shankar Mishra. He also studied ancient Indian musicological texts and modern Indian Music, yoga sutras and classics under Acharya K.C.Brihaspati and Swami Kripalvananda. Trained both in modern European and traditional Indian educational systems, he has worked in classical studies, theatre, music, culture and media studies and researched as Senior Fellow of the Onassis Foundation in Greece on revival of ancient Greek theatre. In his own words:
As a classicist I came to realise that ancient Greek drama and culture as a whole, was given an unduly empirical color by the modern West. Looking at things from my own location I saw that Greek theatre was closer to ancient Indian theatre

masks:
Bharat Gupt
Bharat Gupt