title: Swami Anand Krishna

texts:
 him a two-and-a-half-year jail term for sexually harassing three of his students. He was arrested at his residence in Ubud in February 2013 and sent to Cipinang jail in East Jakarta to serve his sentence. The Supreme Court in January 2014 announced it had rejected his request for a judicial review. Professor Julia D. Howell of the Centre for the Study of Contemporary Muslim Societies at Western Sydney University noted that since the Indonesian Council of Ulama had pronounced a series of fatwa against pluralism and liberalism in religion in 2005, religious pluralists such as <mask> had been criticized in the Indonesian mass media. In January 2018, Jonaedi Efendi released a book, Reconstructing the Foundation of Justice's Considerations based on Principles of Laws and Social Justice Observed and Lived in Society (Rekonstruksi Dasar Pertimbangan Hakim Berdasarkan Nilai-Nilai Hukum dan Rasa Keadilan yang Hidup dalam Masyarakat), which viewed the Supreme Court's conviction of <mask> as "misguided justice". International speaking career

Conference on Sufi Movements in Contemporary Islam
After attending the 60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference on "Climate Change: How It Impacts Us All" in September 2007, <mask> was invited to present his paper on Sufi Solutions to World’s Problems at a conference held by the National University of Singapore and Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, over 4-5 August 2008

Ubud Writers & Readers Festival 2008

Earth Dialogues on Water Planet 2008
<mask> spoke at Earth Dialogues on Water Planet (Dialogos da Terra no Planeta Aqua) hosted by the government of Minas Gerais and Green Cross International in Belo Horizonte, Brazil on 26–28 November 2008. Anand presented his paper on Water of Life, Wisdom of the Ancient – In

masks:
Anand
Anand
Anand Krisha
Anand


title: Swami Anand Krishna

type: original

texts:
 Pursuit of the Indigenous Wisdom of Sundaland and South America to Save Our Planet.His paper was published as a book with the same title in 2009. Ambassador of Parliament of the World’s Religions
<mask> addressed the Parliament of the World’s Religions in Melbourne, Australia, at a forum held over 3-9 December 2009. His speech was titled "Addressing Religious Radicalism in Indonesia: Appreciating and Cultivating Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity) and Pancasila (Indonesia’s Preambule)". He was appointed Ambassador of the Parliament of the World’s Religions Council in September 2009. "The Wisdom of Sundaland : The Ancient Unrecorded Prehistory of Indonesia Archipelago" (Gramedia Pustaka Utama) 2012
<mask>, "The Kaligis Success Factor, Lesson from a rare Man of Law" (Gramedia Pustaka Utama) 2013
<mask>, "Dvipantara Dharma Sastra : Sara Samuccaya-Slokantara-Sevaka Dharma, Ancient Indonesian Wisdom for Modern Human" (Centre of Vedic and Dharmic Studies) May 2015
<mask>, "Live Yoga : The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali for Modern Times" (Gramedia Pustaka Utama) 2015

References

External links
 Official Website
<mask>’s Articles at The Bali Times Leading English Newspaper in Bali – Indonesia
 Complete articles of <mask> at The Jakarta Post Leading English Newspaper in Indonesia
 UN Press Release 19 December 2006
 ABC Radio National - Australia "On Religious Pluralism in Indonesia"
 The Heart Child of <mask>
 The Intriguing Case of <mask>
 Help Free <mask>: An Innocent Man, ThriveMovement, California, United States 02/14/2013
 When Prosecution becomes Persecution, The Jakarta Post, April 21, 2011

1956 births
Indonesian people of Indian descent
Living people
AnandKrishna
Indonesian people of Sindhi descent
Indonesian Hindus
Indonesian

masks:
Anand
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna


title: Bill Smith (jazz musician)

texts:
<mask> (September 22, 1926 – February 29, 2020) was an American clarinetist and composer. He worked extensively in modern classical music, Third Stream and jazz, and was perhaps best known for having played with pianist Dave Brubeck intermittently from the 1940s to the early 2000s. <mask> frequently recorded jazz under the name <mask>, but his classical compositions are credited under the name William O<mask>. Biography
<mask> was born in Sacramento and grew up in Oakland, California, where he began playing clarinet at the age of ten. He put together a jazz group to play for dances at 13, and at the age of 15 he joined the Oakland Symphony. He idolized Benny Goodman, but after high school, a brief cross-country tour with a dance band ended his romance for the life of a traveling jazz musician. He gave two weeks' notice when the band reached Washington, D.C. Encouraged by an older band member to get the best education he could, <mask> headed to New York.He began his formal music studies at the Juilliard School of Music, playing in New York jazz clubs like Kelly's Stables at night. Uninspired by the Juilliard faculty, he returned to California upon hearing and admiring the music of Darius Milhaud, who was then teaching at Mills College in Oakland. At Mills, <mask> met pianist Dave Brubeck, with whom he often played until Brubeck's 2012 death. <mask> was a member of the Dave Brubeck Octet, and later occasionally subbed for saxophonist Paul Desmond in the Dave Brubeck Quartet. Brubeck's 1960 albums The Riddle and Brubeck à la mode featured <mask> performing his

masks:
William Overton Smith
Smith
Bill Smith
. Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith


title: Bill Smith (jazz musician)

texts: own compositions with Brubeck's quartet. <mask> rejoined Brubeck's group in the 1990s. He studied composition with Roger Sessions at the University of California, Berkeley, where he was graduated with a bachelor's and a master's degree.Winning the Prix de Paris presented <mask> the opportunity for two years of study at the Paris Conservatory, and in 1957, he was awarded the prestigious Prix de Rome and spent six years in that city. He has since received numerous other awards, including two Guggenheim grants. After a teaching stint at the University of Southern California, <mask> began a thirty-year career at the University of Washington School of Music in Seattle, where he taught music composition and performance, co-leading the forward-thinking Contemporary Group, first with Robert Suderburg, and then with trombonist Stuart Dempster, from 1966 to 1997. <mask> had four children: Mark, Gregory, Rebecca, and Matthew. He died at age 93 in his home from complications of prostate cancer on February 29, 2020. In 1947, <mask> composed Schizophrenic Scherzo for the Brubeck Octet, one of the earliest works that successfully integrated jazz and classical techniques, a style that later was given the name "third stream" by Gunther Schuller. <mask> investigated and cataloged a wide range of extended techniques on the clarinet, including the use of two clarinets simultaneously by a single performer, inspired by images of the ancient aulos encountered during a trip to Greece, numerous multiphonics, playing the instrument with a cork in the bell, and the "clar-flute," a

masks: Smith Smith Smith Smith Smith Smith


title: Bill Smith (jazz musician)

texts:
 technique that involves removing the instrument's mouthpiece and playing it as an end-blown flute.As William O<mask>, he wrote several pioneering pieces that feature many of these techniques, including Duo for Flute and Clarinet (1961) and Variants for Solo Clarinet (1963). In an article titled "Contemporary Clarinet Sonorities" (Selmer Bandwagon no. 67, fall 1972, pp. 12–14), <mask> compiled the first comprehensive catalogue of fingerings for clarinet multiphonics. He was among the early composers interested in electronic music, and as a performer he continued to experiment with amplified clarinet and electronic delays. He remained active nationally, internationally, and on the local Seattle music scene until well into his 90s. In 2008, he composed, recorded, and premiered a "jazzopera" (his preferred term) titled Space in the Heart.4/Illegible Canons for Clarinet and Percussion/Fantastic Variations On a Theme from Tristan (Musical Heritage Society, 1977)
 Anthony Braxton, Composition No. 96 (Leo, 1989)
 Tom Collier, Impulsive Illuminations (Origin, 2016)
 Deep Listening Band, The Ready Made Boomerang (New Albion, 1991)
 Harold Farberman, Dedicated to Dolphy (Cambridge, 1966)
 Barney Kessel, Carmen (Contemporary, 1959)
 Gail Kubik, Divertimenti I & II/Sonatina for Piano & Sonatina for Clarinet & Piano (Contemporary, 1964)
 Shelly Manne, Concerto for Clarinet & Combo (Contemporary, 1957)
 Luigi Nono, Sofferte Onde Serene/A Floresta e Jovem e Cheja de Vida (Deutsche Grammophon, 1979)
 Luigi Nono, Voices of Protest (Mode, 2000)
 Red Norvo, Music to Listen to

masks:
. Smith
Smith


title: Bill Smith (jazz musician)

texts:
 Red Norvo By (Contemporary, 1957)
 Pauline Oliveros, Deep Listening (New Albion, 1989)

Further reading
Mitchell, Ian. 2020. "Remembering Jazz Legend <mask>". Divine Arts Recording Group website (6 March 2020; accessed 8 March 2020). Rice, Albert R. 2017. "William O<mask>, Variants for Solo Clarinet".In his Notes for Clarinetists: A Guide to the Repertoire, 206–212. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Yoder, Rachel. 2010. "The Compositional Style of William O<mask>". D.M.A. research project.Denton: University of North Texas. References

Citations

Sources

External links
 Homepage and discography
 2005 interview on WNYC radio
 Interview with William O<mask>, July 31, 1987

1926 births
2020 deaths
Musicians from Sacramento, California
20th-century American composers
20th-century classical composers
21st-century clarinetists
American classical composers
American expatriates in Italy
American jazz clarinetists
American male classical composers
American male jazz musicians
Dave Brubeck Quartet members
Post-bop clarinetists
Pupils of Darius Milhaud
Third stream clarinetists
Twelve-tone and serial composers
Deaths from prostate cancer
Deaths from cancer in Washington

masks:
Bill Smith
. Smith
. Smith
. Smith


title: Lu Dongsheng

texts:
<mask> (16 April 1908 – 16 November 1945) who was born in Xiangtan County, Hunan Province, China was the Chinese commander of the pistol company of the headquarters of the Fourth Red Army, the battalion commander of the pistol group, the battalion commander of the guarding battalion of the Second Red Army, the commander of Regiment Twenty-Seven of Division Seven of the Third Red Army, the political commissioner of the Independent Division of Hu'nan and Hubei Area, the commander of the Fourth Division of the Second Red Army, the commander of Force 358 of the Division 120 of the Eighth Route Army and the commander of Songjiang Military Command of Northeast People Autonomous Army. After the Northern Expedition, Anti-Encirclement Campaigns, the Great Expedition, and studying in the Soviet Union, <mask> was killed by two Soviet soldiers in Ha'erbing city in 1945. Biography

Early life and during the first Chinese Civil War
<mask> was born in a sharecropper family in Xiangtan County, Hu'nan Province. He used to be a cowboy in Chen Geng's family when he was young. In 1925, he joined the Forty-First Division of Xiang Army and in 1926, he attended the Northern Expedition, following the Eighth Army of the National Revolutionary Army and went to Wuhan City. In 1927, after Wang Jingwei launched the Seven-One-Five Event, affected by Chen Geng, <mask> left Wuhan City and went to Nanchang City in the late July and became a member of the Twentieth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, under the command of He Long. In August 1927, <mask> attended the Nanchang Uprising, in charge of political security with Chen Geng <mask> was then appointed as the deputy commander of the First Battalion of the Sixth Company of the Twentieth Army of

masks:
Lu Dongsheng
Lu
Lu Dongsheng
Lu
Lu
Lu


title: Lu Dongsheng

texts: uprising troops.In the Huichang Battle, Chen Geng's left foot got hurt badly, and it was <mask> who protected him in the hails of bullets. After the failure in Chaoshan, <mask> went to Shanghai via Hong Kong with Chen, got touch with the CPC Central Committee. In December 1927, introduced by Chen Geng, <mask> joined the Communist Party of China. In the beginning of 1928, CPC Central Committee sent <mask> to escort Zhou Yiqun, He Long, etc. to the Northwest part of Hu'nan Province. In March of the same year, <mask> attended the Sangzhi uprising, after which, he was soon appointed as a traffic officer who was in charge of getting touch with CPC Central Committee. In 1929, <mask> was appointed as the commander of the pistol company of the headquarters of the Fourth Red Army.In July 1930, the Sixth Red Army joined the Fourth Red Army in Gong'an, Hubei Province. At that time, the Sixth and Fourth Red Army were under attacked by the National Revolutionary Army and the headquarters was surrounded. It was <mask> who led the pistol company to keep fighting and repel the National Revolutionary Army. In March of the following year, <mask> was appointed as the battalion commander of the guarding battalion of the Second Red Army, the  regimental commander of Regiment Twenty-Seven of Division Seven of the Third Red Army. In September 1932, the ad hoc of Western Hu'an and Western Hubei Area of the CPC Central Committee joined independent groups like Jianli, Mianyang, Qianjiang, etc. together to form the independent regiment of Western Hu'nan and Western Hubei Area. They appointed <mask> as the political commissioner and asked him to attend the Fourth Anti-Encirclement Campaign in Western Hu'nan and Western Hubei Area.During the breakout

masks: Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu


title: Lu Dongsheng

texts:
 battle, <mask> led two battalions to cover the rear but they lost the touch with main forces. <mask> kept launching guerrilla warfare in areas like Jingmen and Yuan’an in Hubei Province. In early 1933, <mask> led his regiment to join the main force of the Red Army, after which, he was appointed as the commander of the Training Regiment of the Third Red Army and then he was soon appointed as the commander of the Seventh Regiment. In October 1934, <mask> was appointed as the commander of the Fourth Regiment, helping to establish the Soviet areas in Eastern Guizhou and in areas around Hunan, Hubei, Xichuang and Guizhou provinces. In 1934, <mask> hurt his leg during the last battle in Houping Town, Dayong County, Hunan province. In November 1935, <mask> led his regiment to attend the Long March. In April 1936, <mask> conducted his regiment to force a crossing the Jinsha River – which was located in Shigu Town, Yulong County, Yunnan Province – ensuring the success in crossing the river for the Second and the Sixth Army Troops.In September, after the Second Force of the Red Army crossed the Wei River, <mask> led four divisions fighting for two days, covering main forces to pass the Liupan Mountain. On 22 September, after their arrival in Jiangtaibao in Jingning County, Gansu Province, they successfully joined the First and the Fourth Red Army. Study in the Soviet Union
In the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War, <mask> was appointed as the commander of the Bridge 358 of the Regiment 120 (failed to assume office), soon after which, he was assigned to study at the Military and Political University of Resistance Against Japan in Yan’an city. In winter of the same year, <mask> was arranged to recuperate in Soviet Union by CPC

masks: Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu


title: Lu Dongsheng

texts:
 Central Committee due to his healthy condition. In March 939, <mask> was sent to study at the M. V. Frunze Military Academy. In September 1941, Nazi Germany marched its army towards Moscow, Lin Biao led those who were studying in Moscow, including <mask>, to return to China via Mongolia by train. In October, they arrived in Kulun, an Outer Mongolia city and stuck there for one month since the borderline roads between Mongolia and China had been destroyed.Among them, Lin Biao was the only one who could take a plane back to China since he was the only one who registered as a formal identity—the head commander of the Fifth Regiment—when leaving for the Soviet Union. The rest of them had to stay in Outer Mongolia and could not take a plane. Liu Yalou and <mask> were good in Russian, so they were assigned to be advisers of Soviet Army in Mongolia. In 1943, Liu Yalou, Yang Zhicheng and <mask> went to Khabarovsk, an Army Region of Far East of the Soviet Union, and worked in Bridge 88 of infantry. Return to China and death
<mask> followed the Red Force of the Soviet Union and returned to China. On 16 November, Chen Yun, the secretary of the branch office of CPC Central Committee in North Manchu, arrived in Ha’erbing city and held a meeting in Dazhi Street that night. In the meeting, <mask> was appointed as the commander of the Military Region of Songjiang.The meeting finished at 11pm, after which, <mask> helped Chen Yun to pick up Chen's luggage. On their way back, <mask> was shot dead by two Soviet soldiers who violated the military discipline and robbed on the road. Notes

References

1908 births
1945 deaths
Chinese Red Army generals
Frunze Military Academy alumni
People from Xiangtan
Chinese military personnel killed in World

masks: Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu Lu


title: Marcus Bignot

texts: <mask> (born 22 August 1974) is an English football manager and former professional player. He is currently joint manager of National League North side Guiseley and assistant coach of the England U19s. <mask>'s playing career spanned nearly 20 years, primarily as a right back, but he has also been used in a midfield role. He began his career at Telford United in 1992 where he spent 4 years in the Football Conference there. He then joined Kidderminster Harriers, he was part of the team that won the Conference League Cup, also in the 1996–97 season the "Harriers" came runners-up in the Football Conference. First Division side Crewe Alexandra paid 100K for him in the summer of 1997, he went on to be the player of the year in the 1997–98 season. Contractual disputes ended with a switch to Second Division side Bristol Rovers taking him on a free transfer for the 2000–2001 season.Management change made way for a move to First Division side Queens Park Rangers in March 2001 under his previous manager. A successful 2-year spell at Rushden & Diamonds where he helped them gain promotion to the Second Division in the 2002–03 season as Champions. A move back to QPR in March 2004 where he helped them gain promotion to the Championship. Further spells at Millwall, Oldham Athletic before ending his playing career in 2012 at Solihull Moors. A former England semi-pro  international, he was capped in May 1997 for the England C national football team against the Scottish Highland Football League at Cove Rangers FC, near Aberdeen, where the England C Team won 5-0, with Lee Hughes, a team mate of <mask>'s with Kidderminster at that time, and Barry Hayles of Stevenage, both to go on to play in the Premier League, in the England C team that Saturday afternoon in the North of Scotland. <mask> enjoyed a successful 7 year management career, when he took over at Birmingham City Ladies from 1998, winning the Midland Combination League, AXA Northern Premier League and Runners-up of the FA Women's Premier League Cup. <mask> having managed Solihull Moors for 5 years, he got them promoted as

masks:
Marcus Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot


title: Marcus Bignot

texts:
 champions of the National League North and the Birmingham Senior Cup champions in 2016, for the first time in their entire history.Playing career
<mask> was born in Birmingham and served his apprenticeship with Birmingham City. Having been released in 1992 by the club, he joined Telford United in the Football Conference league. After three seasons, a switch to fellow Football Conference side Kidderminster Harriers for a small fee was made in 1996. While with Kidderminster, the team finished the 1996–97 season as Runners-up in second place narrowly missing out on promotion by five points. The team that year won the Conference League Cup, beating Macclesfield Town in the final. <mask> made 56 appearances for the club in total. He was capped once for the England C squad in May 1997 against the Scottish Highland Football League at Cove Rangers FC's former ground, Allan Park, near Aberdeen.Crewe Alexandra
His performances didn't go unnoticed, <mask> moved on to newly promoted First Division side Crewe Alexandra in August 1997 for £100,000 – a record fee for  Kidderminster Harriers at the time. At Gresty Road he was the supporters' player of the season 1997–98. After falling into dispute in June 2000 with the club over his contract, <mask> was free to leave under the Bosman ruling. Bristol Rovers
<mask> signed a two-year deal at Bristol Rovers in the Second Division on a free transfer in August 2000. At Bristol Rovers he played a key part in his team beating Premier League side Everton in the League Cup. It was <mask>'s equaliser in the second leg that took the match to penalties, which Rovers subsequently won. He had scored his first goal for the club in the previous round against Plymouth Argyle.<mask> also scored a memorable goal in the league against rivals Bristol City after just 28 seconds, but he could not prevent his team losing 3–2. Queens Park Rangers
A change of management prompted a move to First Division side Queens Park Rangers in March 2001 to rejoin his old manager, Ian Holloway. <mask> scored his first goal for QPR in the 2–1 away defeat to Burnley,

masks: Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot


title: Marcus Bignot

texts:
 Peter Crouch chipping the ball into the box sub Andy Thomson to head down into the path of <mask> who shot home from close range after skillfully controlling the ball. <mask> turned down a new contract at QPR at the end of the 2001–02 season, Holloway stating this was due to QPR working on a reduced wage structure and only offering him 50 per cent of what he earned that year. Rushden & Diamonds
<mask> signed for Rushden & Diamonds in the Third Division on a short-term deal at the start of 2002–03 season, however, having played on the opening day of the season at Swansea City, three days later he sustained a medial knee ligaments only 11 minutes into his home debut against Torquay United. He returned to training in the second week in September and extended his stay at Nene Park for another month. He extended his stay by agreeing a new month's contract in November having taken over the right-back slot for the past couple of games.He turned down a move to an unnamed Second Division side and signed an 18-month contract with Rushden & Diamonds. <mask> played a key role to keep Diamonds in the third division's automatic promotion places, completing the last 16 games since October and earned the official Diamonds player of the month award for his impressive form in December 2002. In April 2003, his side beat Carlisle 1–2 at Brunton Park, having set up one of the goals to seal promotion. A month later his team were crowned champions of the Third Division in the 2002–03 season. Return to Queens Park Rangers
Due to a consequence of the financial meltdown at Rushden & Diamonds, <mask> was sold back to QPR in March 2004. QPR finished the 2003–04 season in second place, <mask> being part of the team that clinched promotion to the Championship. He captained a cash-strapped QPR to Championship survival in his final season.<mask> was released in January 2008 after his contract had expired. Millwall
Having joined Millwall on loan in November 2007. <mask> extended his stay at Millwall for a further two months following an injury crisis at the club. On 15 January 2008, <mask> was

masks: Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot


title: Marcus Bignot

texts:
 released by QPR, however, he rejoined Millwall on a permanent basis just a few hours later an 18-month contract. He was drafted in by Millwall to help them avoid the drop into League Two. Having successfully helped the club avoid relegation, his playing time was limited at the start of the 2008–09 season due to a knee injury. He was part of the squad that eventually lost 3–2 in the 2009 Football League One play-off Final against Scunthorpe.On 1 February 2010, he had his contract cancelled by mutual consent, and rejoined Conference side Kidderminster Harriers on a non contract basis until the end of the season on 17 February 2010. He was released in May 2010, <mask> had a trial at Conference North club Gainsborough Trinity in July 2010. Later that month, he joined Southern League Premier side Brackley Town on 30 July 2010. His time at Brackley was limited to just five games, having mainly been on the subs bench. International career

Whilst at Kidderminster Harriers, <mask> played once for the England semi-pro (now England C) Team in May 1997, against the Scottish Highland Football League at Cove Rangers, the Highland Football League Team whose Allan Park ground is six miles south of Aberdeen, his side won 5–0 that Saturday afternoon, with strikers Barry Hayles, Lee Hughes, and goalkeeper Billy Stewart in the England team, all three players who subsequently went on to play at high levels in the English Football League. Managerial and coaching career

Birmingham City Ladies
<mask> at the age of 24 became manager of Birmingham City Ladies in 1998, and immediately revamped the entire youth structure at the club. He continued his own playing career in the Football League while managing the side in the newly created Midland Combination League and in their first season won the league, gaining automatic promotion into the FA Women's Premier League Northern Division in 2002.Also in 2001–02 <mask>s team upset Doncaster Belles 4–3 in the FA Women's Premier League Cup semi-final. Having reached the final at Adams Park, Wycombe, Birmingham were thrashed 7–1 by full-time

masks: Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot


title: Marcus Bignot

texts:
 professional Fulham Ladies. After two seasons, <mask> clinched promotion to the top flight of women's football, joining the FA Women's Premier League National Division. He left his post with Birmingham in the 2005 close season after the club ran into financial difficulties. For the 2011 FA WSL season <mask> returned to Birmingham Ladies as a Football Consultant. Solihull Moors
<mask> initially joined Conference North club Solihull Moors as assistant manager towards the end of the 2010–11 season, however, on 27 June 2011 for the 2011–12 season <mask> was appointed as manager following the resignation of Micky Moore. Bignots team won an impressive 60% of their games during the 2015–16 season.This clinched the National League North title and secured promotion in that season with three games still left to play, it was the very first time Solihull Moors had reached National League level in their history. In May 2016, <mask> reached the final and won the Birmingham Senior Cup with Solihull Moors also for the first time in their history, they beat Birmingham City 2–1 at St Andrew's stadium. <mask> made his National League managerial debut with the club on 6 August 2016, Solihull Moors beating last seasons National League South champions Sutton United 3–1 at their Gander Green Lane stadium in the opening game of the 2016–17 season. Solihull Moors season started reasonably well with his team winning three of their first five games. On 5 November 2015, in the FA Cup First Round, <mask>s side came up against League Two opposition in the form of Yeovil Town away, they beat the odds and drew 2–2 having been two goals down to earn a replay. During his time at Solihull Moors, the setup consisted of just a first team and an under-18 team; within 5 years, his additional role as director of football enhanced the structure of the club, creating 30-odd youth and junior teams, reserves, an academy and a disability section, as well as three girls teams and a ladies team, forming a community interest club within the surrounding areas of Solihull. Grimsby Town
Bignot's managerial and

masks: Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot Bignot


title: Marcus Bignot

texts:
 coaching progression and ability as director of football hadn't gone unnoticed, a statement was issued by Solihull Moors on 2 November 2016, the board of League Two club Grimsby Town had made an official legal approach to them and had granted permission for <mask> to speak to Grimsby about their vacant managerial position.On 7 November 2016, <mask> was officially announced as the new Grimsby Town manager, along with the appointment of Micky Moore as his assistant. <mask> made his full Grimsby Town managerial debut on 9 November 2016, in the EFL Trophy, losing 4–2 at home to Sheffield United. <mask> made his league managerial debut with Grimsby Town on 12 November 2016 at home against Barnet, drawing 2–2. <mask>'s first league win came the next week, when Grimsby played first-place Plymouth Argyle, winning 3–0; the performance lead to <mask> winning the English Football League team manager of the week. On 10 April 2017, <mask> was dismissed by Grimsby, along with Michael Moore and Gary Whild. Barrow (interim assistant manager)

On 5 September 2017, <mask> was appointed interim assistant manager of National League side Barrow to assist caretaker manager Micky Moore, following the resignation of manager Paul Cox. Chester
On 20 September 2017, <mask> was appointed as manager of National League club Chester.At the end of March 2018, the board confirmed that his contract would not be renewed for the following season. Once relegation was confirmed, they "[saw] little value in him remaining in the position", and he left the club on 11 April 2018. Guiseley
<mask> and former Alfreton Town manager Russ O'Neil were appointed joint managers of Guiseley in May 2018 following the team's relegation from the National League to the National League North. England U18s
On 2 September 2019, <mask> was named as a coach for the England U18s as part of the Football Association's 2019–20 Elite Coach Placement Programme. Aston Villa Women
On 25 January 2021 it was confirmed that <mask> would take over as an interim coach at Aston Villa Women. He departed the club on 10 May 2021 having

masks:
Bignot
Marcus Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot
Bignot


title: Marcus Bignot

texts:
 steered Villa to safety. England U19s
On 26 August 2021, <mask> was confirmed as the assistant coach of England U19s alongside  Ian Foster.Personal life
<mask> has been a fan of Birmingham City football club since boyhood, having been brought up supporting them. <mask>'s younger brother <mask> is also a professional footballer. In June 2013 <mask> married Arsenal Ladies and Ireland goalkeeper Emma Byrne. Managerial statistics

Honours

Player
Kidderminster Harriers
Football Conference runners-up: 1996–97
Conference League Cup champions: 1996–97

Rushden & Diamonds
Football League Third Division champions: 2002–03

Queens Park Rangers
Football League Second Division second-place promotion: 2003–04

Millwall
Football League One play-off runners-up: 2008–09

Manager
Birmingham City Ladies
Midland Combination League champions: 1998–99
AXA Northern Premier League champions: 2001–02
FA Women's Premier League Cup runners-up: 2001–02

Solihull Moors
National League North champions: 2015–16
Birmingham Senior Cup champions: 2015–16

Individual
Crewe Alexandra Player of the Year: 1997–98
Birmingham County FA Coach of the Year: 1998–99
Rushden & Diamonds Player of the Month: December 2012
National League North Manager of the Month: October 2014, August 2015
English Football League Team Manager of the Week: November 2016

References

External links

1974 births
Living people
Footballers from Birmingham, West Midlands
English footballers
England semi-pro international footballers
Association football defenders
Telford United F.C. players
Kidderminster Harriers F.C. players
Crewe Alexandra F.C. players
Bristol Rovers F.C.players
Queens Park Rangers F.C. players
Rushden & Diamonds F.C. players
Millwall F.C. players
Oldham Athletic A.F.C. players
Brackley Town F.C. players
Solihull Moors F.C. players
National League (English football) players
English Football League players
English football managers
Solihull Moors F.C.managers
Grimsby Town F.C. managers
Chester F.C. managers
Guiseley A.F.C. managers
National League (English football) managers
English Football League managers
FA

masks:
Bignot
Marcus
Bignot
Paul Bignot
Bignot


title: Betty Heimann

texts:
<mask> (29 March 1888, Wandsbek, Germany - 19 May 1961, Sirmione, Italy) was the first woman Indologist to habilitate in Germany. After the Nazis banned Jews from holding academic positions in Germany in 1933, she taught at the University of London and became a British citizen. After the end of World War II she founded the Department of Indian Philosophy and Sanskrit at the University of Ceylon. She is included with early pioneers of comparative philosophy. Her major works include Studien zur eigenart Indischen denkens (1930), Indian and Western Philosophy: A Study in Contrasts (1937), and  Facets of Indian Thought (1964). Her writings have been described as being "characterised by deep thought and refreshing originality." Childhood
<mask> was born on 29 March 1888.She was the youngest of six children of Isaac Heimann and his wife Margarethe (Levy) Heimann. Her father was a Jewish banker with Hartwig Hertz & Sons in Wandsbek, Germany. Her father died when she was ten. Her mother was noted for her beauty and was a leader of turn-of-the-century Hamburg society. Education

State examinations
Heimann attended the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums in Hamburg, Germany, completing a degree in 1913. She immediately began the study of classical philology, Indian philology and philosophy at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel. In Kiel she studied with Paul Deussen (1845-1919) and with Emil Sieg (1866-1951).Heimann also spent two semesters in Heidelberg. The preface to her book Facets of Indian Thought mentions the close relationship between <mask>n and historian Ruth von Schulze Gaevernitz, "her friend and spiritual companion since student days in Heidelberg". In 1918 <mask>n sat for state examinations in classical philology and philosophy, and graduated summa cum laude. Dissertation
From 1919-1921 Heimann continued her studies, specializing in Indian philosophy and Sanskrit. Her teachers included Hermann Oldenberg at the  University of

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Betty Heimann
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Betty Heiman


title: Betty Heimann

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 Göttingen, Hermann Jacobi at the University of Bonn, and Sten Konow at the University of Hamburg. On 4 January 1921 she successfully submitted her dissertation to Emil Sieg at the University of Kiel, receiving her doctorate. For her dissertation she translated into German and edited a bhashya or commentary by Madhva on the Katha Upanishad.She accepted a position as an assistant and librarian to the professor of classical Semitic studies in Kiel from 1921-1923. Felix Jacoby was a professor of classics at Kiel and Friedrich Otto Schrader became a professor of indology there in 1921. Habilitation
Heimann apparently returned to Heidelberg in 1922-1923, where she presented a possible habilitation topic to the Faculty of Arts. However, the majority of the faculty rejected her application for Venia legendi, the right to teach. Heimann moved to the Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg (University of Halle) as of 1921 and habilitated there in Indology on 1 November 1923, with Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch (1857-1927). Her topic was Die Entwicklung des Gottesbegriffes der Upaniṣaden (The development of the concept of God in the Upanishads). <mask> was the first woman academic at Halle, and the first  woman indologist to habilitate in Germany.Teaching and research

University of Halle
As of 1923 <mask> was the first woman to be a private lecturer at Halle. Her appointment was reported in the local newspaper, Hallische Nachrichten on 19 January 1924. In the course of her studies, her interests had shifted from Indian philology to Indian philosophy, which she saw as influenced by the particular geographic and climatic conditions of India. She used the linguistic methodology she had learned from philology as a way of approaching philosophical questions. Both her methods and her ideas were innovative. As of 1 April 1926 she was appointed to a special lectureship for Indian philosophy at the University of Halle. <mask>n was the president of

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Betty Heimann
Betty Heiman


title: Betty Heimann

texts:
 the Halle chapter of the International Federation of University Women (IFUW) and  formed connections between the Halle chapter and the British Federation of University Women (BFUW) in London.In 1930 she received a prize for the best scientific work by a woman from the  IFUW for her research work "Studium der Eigenart indischen Denkens" (Study of the Character of Indian Thinking). As of 11 August 1931 <mask>n was appointed as an associate professor (professor extraordinarius) at the University of Halle, filling a position previously held by Eugen Hultzsch. She was able to use the Senior International Fellowship which she had received from the IFUW to go to India, where she traveled from October 1931 to June 1932. Anti-Jewish measures
Even before 1933 Heimann was exposed to the hostility of her colleagues because she was Jewish and female. On 7 April 1933 the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service in Germany was passed, banning  Jews from holding public positions, including teaching positions. Heimann had spoken out against Nazi policy on racial issues, and was denounced at the Ministry of Culture in Berlin for commenting as a Jew on the worthlessness of racial purity. She was placed on a list of targets of the Amtsgruppe IIIA1 as an undesirable.In September 1933, Heimann traveled to London, where she was invited to give a report about her trip to India to the International Federation of University Women (IFUW). As of September 7, 1933, her professorship at the University of Halle was revoked under the terms of the ban on Jewish academics. She received the news while in England. Emigration to England

Heimann did not return to Germany, but emigrated to England. She was able to live at Crosby Hall in London, a residence for visiting university women, run by the British Federation of University Women (BFUW). In 1934 Heimann was one of the first recipients of an emergency German Scholar Residential Fellowship from a


title: Betty Heimann

texts:
 fund raised by the BFUW. She was able to obtain work teaching Indian philosophy on a freelance basis at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London.Subsequent short-term awards from the BFUW enabled her to make ends meet while re-establishing herself. In the Lent term, 1936, she was invited to present the Forlong fund lectures at the School of oriental studies, University of London, with support from the Royal Asiatic Society. The lectures informed her book Indian and western philosophy; a study in contrasts (1937). The book reveals "her long and serious consideration of the differences between these two cultures". In it, she argues that Western and Indian philosophies are grounded in fundamentally different worldviews that must be understood in their own terms. Western thought tends to regard man as both central and superior to the natural world, while Indian thought tends to regard man on terms of equality with nature and with other creatures. Heimann brought to the study of Hinduism "not only specialized Indological expertise but also a comprehensive general knowledge and a great deal of empathy".This work has led her to be included with early pioneers of comparative philosophy, Rudolf Otto, Georg Misch, Paul Masson-Oursel and Walter Ruben. For some time she held a half-time position in the Department of Indian Philosophy at the University of London, which was created specifically for her. She continued to write and present at conferences. She gave a paper on "Deutung und Bedeutung indischer Terminologie" at the International Congress of Orientalists in Rome in 1935,
and an address on "Plurality, Polarity, and Unity in Hindu Thought: A Doxographical Study" at the International Congress of Orientalists in Brussels on September 8, 1938. She may also have lectured at the University of Oxford. In 1939, <mask>n acquired British citizenship. After World War II in 1946 she was appointed as a full-time senior


title: Betty Heimann

texts:
 lecturer,  Professor of Sanskrit and Indian Philosophy in the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London.Among her friends in England were Stella Kramrisch, Heinrich Zimmer, and Penelope Chetwode. Kramrisch described Heimann as "a refugee Professor of Sanskrit from Heidelberg". The preface to Facets of Indian Thought also mentions Ruth Gaevernitz, Terence Gervais, "her partner in philosophical discussion" and Dr. Hilde Wolpe, "her inspired helper and secretary." University of Ceylon
From 1945 to 1949 Heimann was a professor at the University of Ceylon in Colombo, Ceylon (later the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka). Heimann was the founding head of the Department of Sanskrit at the university. She was the first Professor of Sanskrit and the first woman Professor at the University of Ceylon. In 1945, she led a delegation from the University of Ceylon to the Indian Philosophical Congress.Heimann worked hard to popularise the department. Expansion of the department under her direction was attributed in large part to her "remarkable energy". She had to retire once she reached the mandated retirement age of 60 in 1948. Her successor as professor of Sanskrit was O. H. de A. Wijesekera, who had been one of her students at the University of London. Ceylon University College was formally opened in 1921 in  Colombo, Ceylon, and was affiliated with the University of London. The College formed the nucleus of the University of Ceylon, officially created in 1942. As of 1948, Ceylon achieved political independence and became Sri Lanka.<mask> therefore worked at the University of Ceylon, in Colombo, Ceylon, which became Colombo, Sri Lanka. Although the University of Ceylon was the only university in Ceylon from 1942 to 1972, it had departments in various satellite locations. Between 1952 and 1963, the faculty of Oriental Studies and Arts was located in Peradeniya. Beginning in 1963, courses were offered in both Peradeniya


title: Betty Heimann

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 and Colombo. The University of Ceylon Act No. 1 of 1972 replaced the University of Ceylon with the University of Sri Lanka, which existed from 1973 to 1978. In 1978 the University of Sri Lanka was separated into four independent universities.One was in Peradeniya. Another was the University of Colombo, at the original location of Ceylon University College and the University of Ceylon. Although Heimann figures in the common history of both institutions, it can be argued that she did not, technically speaking, teach at either. Retirement
Having left the University of Ceylon, <mask>n returned to England. She continued to write and publish. In 1954, she spoke at the Twenty-third International Congress of Orientalists at Cambridge. Her presentation, "Hindu Thought in Illustrations.A Primer of Visual Philosophy", used lantern slides to visually demonstrate concepts and systems from Hindu philosophy. She suggested that the emphasis on empirically "seeing" truth in Indian philosophy made this form of presentation particularly effective. Her intention was to publish a Primer of Visual Philosophy, a project that was still in manuscript form at her death. Among Heimann's friends in Germany were Halle sculptor Grete Budde and her husband Werner Budde. Werner Budde acted legally on Haimann's behalf while she was absent from Germany. Grete Budde sculpted a portrait bust of <mask>n, which was eventually given to the University of Halle. According to one account, as of 1957, Heimann was appointed by the University of Halle as a full professor, effective retroactively from 1935 onwards, which would have qualified her for a full pension.It has been suggested that this story may be apocryphal. A street on the University of Halle campus is named after <mask>n. On 19 May 1961 <mask>n died of a heart attack in Sirmione, Italy near Lake Garda. Her obituary, in the magazine Purana, concludes "Hail! May you attain the eternal abode of the Supreme Brahman,

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Betty Heiman


title: Betty Heimann

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 beyond all darkness". The manuscript for her Facets of Indian Thought (1964) was edited and published posthumously by Ruth Gaevernitz, Terence Gervais, and Hilde Wolpe. Her work on visual philosophy remained unpublished.Selected works
 Madhvas (Anandatirthas) Kommentar zur Kathaka-Upanisad. Sanskrit-Text in Transkription nebst Übersetzung und Noten (Diss., Leipzig: Harrassowitz, 1921)
 Die Tiefschlafspekulation der alten Upanisaden. München-Neubiberg : Schloss 1922. Die Entwicklung des Gottesbegriffes der Upaniṣaden (1926)
 Studien zur eigenart Indischen denkens. Tübingen : Mohr, 1930. Indian and western philosophy: a study in contrasts. London: G. Allen & Unwin, ltd., 1937.India's past: a key to India's present. Rugby, Eng. : Printed for D. Thomas by A. Frost & sons, ltd., 1944. The significance of prefixes in Sanskrit philosophical terminology. London: Royal Asiatic Society, 1951. Facets of Indian Thought.Posthumously edited by Terence Gervais, Ruth von Schulze Gaevernitz, and Hilde Wolpe. New York: Schocken Books; London: George Allen & Unwin, 1964. An Indiens Tempelstätten : Fotoimpressionen der Indologin <mask>n; [Begleitpublikation zur gleichnamigen Ausstellung im Linden-Museum Stuttgart ...] (At India's temple sites: Photo impressions of the Indologist <mask>n; [Accompanying publication to the exhibition of the same name in the Linden-Museum Stuttgart ...)  Stuttgart: Linden-Museum, 2003

Relations
<mask>n (1888-1961) had a cousin of the same name. <mask> (1885-1926) received her doctorate in 1916 under sociologist and philosopher Georg Simmel in Strasbourg and taught at the University of Utrecht. References

1888 births
1961 deaths
German Indologists
German philologists
University of Kiel alumni
University of Halle alumni
University of Kiel faculty
University of Halle faculty
Academics of SOAS University of London
Academics of the University of Ceylon
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
20th-century

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Betty Heiman
Betty Heiman
Betty Heimann


title: Shoista Mullojonova

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<mask> (, , ; September 3, 1925 – June 26, 2010), born Shushana Rubinovna Mullodzhanova, was a renowned Tajik-born Bukharian Jewish Shashmakom singer. Early life
She was born in Dushanbe, Tajik ASSR to a religious Bukharian Jewish family. Her mother, Sivyo Davydova, was from Samarkand and her father, Rubin Mullodzhanov, originally came from Bukhara. Her family traces its ancestry to an artistocratic Levite tribe that has been into performing and entertaining since the time of the First and Second Temple in Jerusalem. Her family was full of entertainers (actors, singers, and musicians). In 1924, her parents and older siblings (Ribi, Levi, Ishokhor, Roza, Zulai) moved from Uzbekistan to Tajikistan, where <mask> was born a year later. She learned to speak fluent Bukhori, a dialect of the Tajiki-Persian language, and Russian.Her mother was also a singer and her whole family was into music and acting. She graduated from the Stalinabad Women's Pedagogical School in 1943 and studied at the Moscow Conservatory from 1947 to 1953. Career
<mask> Mullojonova had her debut at age 8 when she sang on Dushanbe radio. During the beginning of her career, in the early 1940s, she was part of the Rubab Player Ensemble in Tajikistan's Ensemble. With the ensemble, in 1945, she sang in Iran for the royal family of Iran and the Shah, the Pahlavis including Reza Shah the Great, and for the Iranian audience in Bukhori. She earned the title, Merited Artist of Tajikistan, at the age of 20. By the mid-1940s, Mullojonova broke away from the ensemble and began to sing solo.In May 1945, at the conclusion of the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, she sang the Tajik/Russian song "Idi Zafar" (Holiday of Victory) on the Tajik State Radio in Stalinabad in honor of Victory Day over Nazi

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Shoista
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title: Shoista Mullojonova

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 Germany. After graduating from the Moscow Conservatory in 1953, she performed at the Aini Theater for Opera and Ballet. The roles that she developed there include Mahin in Tohir va Zuhro (Tohir and Zuhro) by A. Lenskii; Gulizor in Shurishi Vose (The Vose Uprising) by S. Balasanian; Marfa in Arusi Shoh (The Bride of the King) by Rimsky-Korsakov, and others. Through the years, she sang Shashmakom music throughout Central Asia, Middle East, and the Soviet Union and made a wonderful living. She was named the "People's Artist of the Tajik SSR", in 1957 and Merited Artist of the USSR. From the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s, she was a soloist vocalist for the Tajik State Philharmonic. Mullojonova sang music of all other Soviet republics and of Eastern people.She always preferred the music of her Eastern and Tajik people. In 1975, she was named senior instructor at the Tajikistan State Institute of Arts. In the 1980s, <mask> earned a reputation for being the Queen of Tajik Music. She sang in Central Asia and all over the former Soviet Union for 50 years. Personal life and later career
<mask> <mask> was married to Efrem Haritonovich Benyaev from 1946 until his death in 1999. They had three children: Anna (a businesswoman living in Forest Hills, Queens, New York), Negmat (PhD, based in Moscow), and Sofia (M.D., based in Austria). In 1991, <mask> and her family began to move from Central Asia, to the United States because of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the start of the civil war and rise of Islamic fundamentalism in Tajikistan.The family settled in Forest Hills, New York. After emigrating to New York, <mask> joined the Bukharan Shashmaqam Ensemble, founded by Fatima Kuinova, "Merited Artist Tajikistan" and later the "Maqom" Ensemble, founded by Ilyas

masks: Mullojonova Shoista Mullojonova Shoista Shoista


title: Shoista Mullojonova

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 Malayev, "Merited Artist of Uzbekistan". After her husband, Efrem Haritonovitch Benyaev, died, she dedicated an album, "I'm Singing for You", in his memory. In September 2005, in Forest Hills High School, <mask> sang for an audience who all came to celebrate her 80th birthday, including then-New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, former Governor George Pataki, President Emomalii Rahmon of Tajikistan, and Boris Kandov, President of the Bukharian Jewish Congress of USA and Canada. Aged 80 she was able to touch people with her singing and remind them that she is singing for each and every one of them, as she says, "I am singing for you." Boris Kandov published a biography about <mask> <mask>, entitled "Born to Sing", written by musicologist and author Rafael Nektalov, as well as making a documentary about the legendary singer. In March 2008, <mask> performed at the Golden Ilyas Awards Ceremony singing "Ey Dukhtari Nozanini Qadras" (Persian for "Hey, Beautiful Girl, All Grown Up) and received an award.The concert was held in honor of Bukharian poet, musician, and playwright, Ilyas Malayev. In May 2010, a month before her death, she sang at the Russian Consulate General of New York the classic Russian/Tajik song, "Holiday of Victory" (Idi Zafar/Prazdnik Pobedy) in honor of the 65th anniversary of Victory over Nazism and was awarded the Russian medal in honor of being a participant in the war against Nazi Germany during the Great Patriotic War. This being her most famous song which she sang 65 years earlier on the Tajik state radio on May 9, 1945 on the news of the Soviet Victory over Nazi Germany. Death
On June 26, 2010, <mask> <mask> died after suffering a heart attack in Forest Hills, New York, three months before her 85th birthday. In accordance with

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title: Shoista Mullojonova

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 Jewish law, which requires the burial of a deceased person immediately after their death, Mullojonova was buried the day after her death in the Bukharian Jewish section of Wellwood Cemetery in Long Island, New York next to her husband and deceased family members. Soon after, the people of Tajikistan heard this and, the following day, President Emomalii Rahmon sent a message to the United States expressing his condolence to the relatives of this legendary singer, and Tajik embassies around the world held events in her honor. Other
Her nephew, Yudik Mullodzhanov, was a singer, and her niece, Rosa Mullodzhanova, is known as an "Honored Artist of Tajikistan".Awards
She won many awards and titles in her career including the prestigious "People's Artist of the Republic of Tajikistan" and "Merited Artist of the USSR". In addition to being a People's Artist and Merited Artist, she received the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War, the Order of the Red Banner of Labour, two Order of the Badge of Honour, four medals (including the Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"), and the Honorary Order of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of Tajikistan and other republics. She had a seven decade career in music, from 1941 until her death in 2010. <mask> was a founder of contemporary Tajik music and was often referred to as "Queen of Shashmakom Music", "Daughter of Tajikistan" and "Nightingale of the East". References

1925 births
2010 deaths
Bukharan Jews
Jewish singers
American Mizrahi Jews
People from Dushanbe
People from Queens, New York
People's Artists of Tajikistan
Soviet women singers
Soviet Jews
Tajikistani Jews
Tajikistani emigrants to the United States
20th-century Tajikistani women singers
Recipients of the Order


title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts:
<mask> (born 1979) is a former Indonesian maid who murdered her employer and her employer’s daughter in Bukit Merah, Singapore. She was originally in line for the death penalty when she faced two charges of third-degree murder for the two deaths, which became known as the “Bukit Merah double murders” in Singapore. Subsequently, <mask>, who claimed to be abused by her late employer prior to the killings, was convicted of lesser charges of culpable homicide not amounting to murder and sentenced to life imprisonment in Singapore. She is currently in prison serving her sentence. Her case became known as one of the notable cases where maids had killed their employers or the employers’ kin, and her case was also a legal representative benchmark of the legal defence of “grave and sudden provocation” against murder in Singapore. Early life
<mask>, the eldest of three children in her family, was born in Indonesia sometime in 1979. She grew up in the village of Mengge, Regency Mategan, East Java.<mask>’s family was financially poor since her childhood. It can be assumed that she did not receive much schooling and had to work to provide for her family. In an unspecified year, she was recruited by a maid training agency, who would train young Indonesian females in doing household chores like cooking and cleaning before allowing them to work as foreign domestic maids in other countries. <mask> was said to have agreed to do it since her family needed money and lived a hard life. <mask> also learnt to speak English through the agency’s training programme. Employment in Singapore

First-time employment in Singapore
After she completed her training in Jakarta, <mask> was first offered a job as a domestic maid in Singapore, and her first employers were a Chinese couple with three children. <mask> first set foot in Singapore in April 1999 and began working for the Chinese family.She had once stolen from the family but the agency did not do anything. It took her two years working on this job in

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title: Sundarti Supriyanto

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 Singapore before she returned to Indonesia. Second employment in Singapore
In September 2001, after she came back from Singapore, <mask>’s father died due to unknown reasons. As a result, <mask> decided to undergo further training to get a better-paying job in order to better assist her family financially during these difficult times. After completing further training, <mask> returned to Singapore in April 2002 to accept a second work offer. The second job offer came from 34-year-old Angie Ng Wee Peng, the wife of 44-year-old businessman Drake Poh Teong Kang, who made headlines in 1998 for his plans to open a casino and resort in Myanmar. The couple have two children - an elder daughter named Crystal Poh Shi Qi and a younger son named Leon Poh Ye Sheng - who were born in 1999 and 2000 respectively.After an interview, Ng decided to hire <mask> on a trial basis, and she was to work in both Ng’s office in Bukit Merah and the Poh family’s flat. Bukit Merah double murders
On 28 May 2002, 22-year-old <mask> Supriyanto murdered her employer Angie Ng and Ng’s daughter Crystal Poh. By then, she did so due to her getting harshly abused and starved by her employer to the point of losing control and thus committed the double murders. Prior to the incident, <mask> had been experiencing both physical abuse and deprivation of food by Ng, who often would find fault in her and sometimes deprived her of food for days. <mask> first realised this when she saw two other maids, known to her as Aminah and Jami, had their hairs pulled or got slapped for any small errors in their work. At one point, she saw Aminah being thrown out of the house for perceived mistakes in her work, leading to police coming to the doorstep. After both Aminah and Jami resigned from their jobs, Sundarti began to bear the full brunt of mistreatment.Initially, <mask>, whose main job was to prepare food for the family and care for Ng’s two children, would get to help herself with some biscuits or bread in the office or

masks: Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti


title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts: leftovers from the Poh family’s meals, but gradually, Sundarti was not allowed to touch the family’s leftover food as Ng told her she was dissatisfied with Sundarti’s work performance and thus she was not deserving of any food. Also, whenever Drake Poh was not at home having meals or going overseas, Ng did not allow the maid to eat. She was also displeased with Sundarti asking for food from her or any of her employees from her office, and even told the employees to not give the maid any food. Still, Sundarti would continue to ask for food, and the employees of Ng’s office sympathize with her and thus would give her biscuits or bread whenever Ng was not there looking. Sundarti even said once that she was forced to eat the faeces of Ng’s children. On the fateful day of 28 May 2002, at around morning in Ng’s flat, Sundarti was given two packets of instant noodles by Ng, who grudgingly did so after the maid incessantly told her about her hunger. However, Ng asked her to eat the noodles raw, and told her to eat in the kitchen toilet.<mask>, who put the noodles and sauce in a plastic container filled with hot water, only got to eat a few bites before Ng took her to her Bukit Merah office. Over there, later in the afternoon, Ng again physically abused the maid over not properly caring for the children. This caused <mask> to finally snap and angrily asked why did Ng have to cause hurt and humiliation to her daily. Ng, in response, scolded her and scratched the maid’s face in the face of her defiance. This sparked a fight between the women. According to <mask>, after grabbing ahold of a rope, she strangled Ng with the rope during the course of the fight, and she did so with more strength than she initially did as she kept on thinking about Ng’s sadistic behaviour and the humiliation she went through under Ng’s treatment, which made her more angrier than ever. She stopped after Ng became limp, and as the maid was just about to stand up and try to calm the two children down, Ng suddenly

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title: Sundarti Supriyanto

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 kicked her on the leg and caused Sundarti to lose balance and fall.Ng then threw a kettle of boiling water at the maid and took a knife and tried to stab her. <mask>, who was scalded by the hot water, was said to have carried Ng’s elder daughter Crystal Poh and used her as a human shield against the attacking Ng, who persisted using the knife to stab at Sundarti, and these blows allegedly landed on Crystal’s chest. After the little girl got stabbed, Sundarti somehow managed to overpower Ng and during the scuffle, inflicted several mortal blows onto Ng and finally killed her. After the murders, Sundarti finally calmed down and she thought of using fire to get rid of the evidence, and wanted to commit suicide by burning herself due to her fear of getting arrested and facing capital punishment. This led to her having to go hire a taxi and go to buy petrol from a petrol station. She also bought two lighters from a woman smoking nearby the block and thus set alight the office after pouring petrol all over the office and its possessions. Still, even though she was ready to leave herself to die, Sundarti decided to protect Leon (who was still alive at that time) from the fire and thus took him out of the burning office, where a few witnesses had gathered outside it and called an ambulance and firemen to put out the fire and bring the maid and boy to hospital.Initially, in the hospital, to several witnesses and the police, Sundarti gave a false account that it was a group of black-clothed, masked men who went into the office and set fire in it, causing the fire to kill Ng and Crystal. It was only on 10 June 2002, when the police decided to arrest <mask> as a suspect and charged her with murder after the autopsy results contained the discovery of the stab wounds on Ng and her daughter. Trial

Proceedings
On 18 August 2003, <mask> <mask> first stood trial in the High Court of Singapore for the double murder charges relating to the deaths of Ng and Crystal. <mask> was represented by

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title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts: Singaporean lawyer Mohamed Muzammil bin Mohamed, who was assisted by Johan Ismail. The prosecution was led by Deputy Public Prosecutor (DPP) Jaswant Singh, who was assisted by his three colleagues Eugene Lee, Aaron Lee and Adrian Yeo from the Attorney-General’s Chambers (AGC) of Singapore. Initially, the trial should start in April 2003 but due to the 2003 SARS outbreak in Singapore, it was postponed to August 2003. In the court, after abandoning her initial account, Sundarti told the court on the stand about the extensive and severe maid abuse which Ng had inflicted on her over the month she worked for Ng’s family, and admitted she started the fire and said it was Ng who attacked her first.With regards to the wounds however, <mask> insisted that Ng stabbed herself after she allegedly threatened to hurt Leon should Ng not harm herself, which resulted in the fatal wounds found on Ng’s body, but the autopsy results by Dr Gilbert Lau had proven that the twelve knife wounds were not self-inflicted and they were more probable to be inflicted by the maid. <mask>’s claims of abuse were corroborated by Ng’s employees Fiona Ong, Rose Ang, Esther Hong, Margaret Low and Nancy Ee, who testified that there were times where Ng indeed refused to give the maid any food and preventing them from giving any food to Sundarti, and their moves of sympathy to give Sundarti some snacks while Ng was not looking, as well as Ng scolding Sundarti for eating the baby’s food. Even the two previous maids of Ng, Aminah and Jami, also told the court that Ng had indeed physically abused them frequently even when they committed the slightest of mistakes in their work. Despite the evidence of Ng’s cruelty towards her maid, Ng’s husband Drake Poh and Ng’s family defended Ng and stated that Ng was not a maid abuser when they took the stand as prosecution witnesses. Not only that, the prosecution sought to portray Sundarti as a cold-blooded killer and an incorrigible liar, as they said she told the police,

masks: Sundarti Sundarti


title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts:
 witnesses and court many different versions of what happened, to which they argued that the lies only served to corroborate her guilt and she was completely lying about the alleged maid abuse. They also said that the witnesses who arrived at the raging crime scene noted that Sundarti looked calm when they found her with the baby, which meant she did not have any loss of self-control at all. As such, they sought that Sundarti should be found guilty of murder and sentenced to death.In response, <mask>’s lawyer Mohamed Muzammil bin Mohamed argued that Sundarti was not to be held liable for murder given that the crime was committed in a moment of loss of self-control and due to sudden and grave provocation caused by Ng’s mistreatment of her maid. Mohamed also said that the killing was due to a sudden fight and his client was exercising her right to self-defence, given that she was physically a small-sized and frail young woman who was slightly larger than Ng and had no undue advantage over the victim, and she would have died or seriously injured had she not used the knife to confront Ng, who continually attacked the maid despite being injured. The fight that ensued by the quarrel and with no premeditation was in favour of Sundarti since Ng was the aggressor and it was not of a cruel and unusual nature. The trial dragged on for more than a year, and it took 27 days to hear the case before the trial judge, High Court judge M P H Rubin would decide on his final verdict. Verdict
On 24 September 2004, Justice Rubin was ready with his verdict in <mask>’s case. In a packed courtroom, many people, including the victim’s family, prosecutors and Sundarti, were shocked and surprised as Justice Rubin read out that he decided to convict Sundarti of culpable homicide not amounting to murder after finding her not guilty of murder. In his 70-page long judgement, Justice Rubin explained why did he reduce the murder charges against Sundarti.He said that he was convinced that <mask> was truthful


title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts: about the allegations of maid abuse against Ng despite her many lies in her account, and rejected the prosecution’s attempts to impeach her allegations. Firstly, he stated that some of the prosecution witnesses, mainly Ng’s colleagues, had verified that they indeed saw Sundarti being refused any chances to eat and other instances where they, out of pity, gave the maid some snacks or Ng ordering her employees to not give her maid any food. Not only that, he said that the police’s discovery of some leftover noodles and soup in the bathroom was also one significant aspect that cemented <mask>’s claim that Ng forced her to enter the bathroom to eat after grudgingly giving her the raw noodles. While the judge conceded that no one directly witnessed Ng’s mistreatment of her maid, he laid out that such acts would often occur in the absence of inquisitive eyes, and probably more of such instances may have occurred. He nevertheless also rejected the allegations that Ng forced Sundarti to eat the children’s faeces as he found it too hard to believe. With regards to the prosecution’s attempts to completely discredit her account, Justice Rubin did not mince his words as he issued harsh and strongly-worded criticisms towards the prosecution for failing to take into consideration the plight of Sundarti and her account of what happened. While he also found there was sufficient evidence to prove that <mask> had intentionally inflicted the fatal injuries on Ng, Justice Rubin also found that the partial defence of grave and sudden provocation applied in <mask>’s case.He stated that the abuse and humiliation that Ng deliberately caused on her maid daily has culminated into a huge frenzy that caused Sundarti to finally lost control of herself and attacked Ng in the most violent and brutal manner, and the seemingly separate daily acts of abuse had in fact been closely linked to each other like a chain, which would be gravely sufficient to provoke a reasonable person in Sundarti’s position. The


title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts: calmness she displayed in the aftermath of the killing should not be regarded as no loss of self-control, as different killers who lost control while committing murder have different emotions in the aftermath of their crimes. Since these events were endured over a long period of time before Sundarti finally snapped on the day of the killing, in addition to the fact that there was no cooling-off period for Sundarti to actually able to regain her self-control and calm down after the provocation and loss of control, Justice Rubin ruled that <mask> should not be held fully culpable for capital murder since she was indeed gravely provoked into killing Ng. The nature of the numerous, haphazard grievous injuries found on Ng and her daughter was also sufficient to imply that Sundarti had indeed lost full control of herself as a result of the humiliation she suffered in Ng’s hands, and from the weak-looking, frail and thin appearance of Sundarti, whom he observed as a mild-mannered and soft-spoken person, she probably lost her head to such an extent that she used enormous force to inflict the deep injuries on Ng notwithstanding her exhaustion from extreme starvation. Aside from accepting this defence, which would be sufficient to reduce the murder charges, Justice Rubin did not neglect to touch on the other defences made by Sundarti, in which she claimed self-defence and sudden fight. He said that Sundarti did not meet the requirements since she did not suffer from any serious physical harm from the fight and there were extensive defensive wounds on Ng, hence he dismissed these two other defences. In conclusion, the judge stated that the case was a tragic one as it brought much pain and suffering to both the victims and defendant, and their respective loved ones.Firstly, from the victims’ side, not only did the victims lose their lives, Poh lost his wife and daughter, and for Leon, he became motherless and sisterless. Also, he said that Sundarti was having a pitiful plight since she


title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts: faced the death penalty and came from a foreign land to earn income to provide her family a better life. This tragedy, Justice Rubin implicitly stated, was started by Ng’s own malicious behaviour towards her maid, which made her partly responsible for her own self-demise at the hands of her maid who finally had had enough of her abuse and lost her self-control and thus committed the killings in a moment of uncontrollable rage and passion. Also, Justice Rubin stated that the decision of Sundarti to save 18-month-old Leon from the fire clearly proved that Sundarti was “not an embodiment of wickedness and evil, but a woman of normal emotions who went awry momentarily.” From a past judgement of a British court case, Justice Rubin quoted, “manslaughter arises from the sudden heat of the passions, murder from the wickedness of the heart”. As such, Justice Rubin reduced the murder charges and convict Sundarti of culpable homicide not amounting to murder. After hearing the submissions from both the prosecution and defence, Justice Rubin decided to sentence Sundarti to the maximum term of life imprisonment, and backdate her sentence to the date of her arrest on 10 June 2002, based on the extreme violence and grave nature of the lethal attack Sundarti initiated against Ng and Crystal. By the landmark ruling of the appeal by life convict Abdul Nasir Amer Hamsah on 20 August 1997, life imprisonment, which originally meant a fixed term of 20 years in jail, should be considered as a jail term lasting the remainder of a life convict's natural life, and it applied to those who committed offences after the date of the appeal ruling.Since <mask>'s crime took place nearly five years after the date of the appeal verdict, her life sentence meant "natural life" and she would serve it for the rest of her natural lifespan, though she still can be released on parole for good behaviour after at least 20 years of her sentence. The prosecution did not appeal against the High Court’s verdict, and <mask>


title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts:
 herself also did not appeal against her sentence. Currently, <mask> is in prison serving her life sentence. If she served with good behaviour in prison, she would become eligible for release on parole after serving at least 20 years, and the parole hearing would be taking place on or after 10 June 2022. She may also be entitled to appeal to the President of Singapore to commute the remaining part of her sentence after serving an appropriate length of her sentence. Reactions
Reportedly, <mask> was grateful for the reduction of her charges and her 51-year-old mother Binarti was grateful to the mercy shown by the courts and her daughter’s lawyer, as well as the support from the Indonesian embassy, who sent representatives to the trial to give support to Sundarti and her family. Additionally, <mask> made an apology publicly in court to Ng’s bereaved family over her crime.After his former maid was sentenced, Drake Poh and his family could not accept the verdict, as they hoped for <mask> to be sentenced to death. Poh had reportedly told newspapers that he refused to accept <mask>’s apology for murdering his wife and daughter. Poh’s mother-in-law reportedly accused the court for alleged miscarriage of justice and there was no fairness or justice served for her daughter and granddaughter upon hearing that the court did not sentence Sundarti to death. Aftermath

Drake Poh
After the conclusion of the events and trial, Poh did not truly get over the death of his wife, whom he met in 1996 and later married in 1998. Poh, who would be observing a strict healthy diet after a kidney transplant in India in 1992, had gradually turned to drinking and began to not control his diet by consuming unhealthy foods, which persisted despite the advice of his family members to not do so. Often, this advice fell to deaf ears. Despite the grave heartbreak he suffered, Poh did not neglect his son’s well-being, and often found time to spend with his son by making trips to the library or shopping centres

masks: Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti


title: Sundarti Supriyanto

texts:
 during the weekends.Poh even volunteered at Tao Nan School to ensure his son would secure a place in the school and undergo good education so that he will not go astray. He also made sure that his son could be fluent in both Chinese and English by communicating with him in both languages. Even though he hired a Filipino maid to take care of Leon in his absence, Poh’s elderly mother would be present and help take care of Leon. According to Poh’s sister Jenny, Leon was the only source of happiness and joy Poh had possessed, and the father and son often would visit the graves of Ng and Crystal. Eventually, the unhealthy lifestyle and anguish Poh suffered from the deaths of his wife and daughter took a toll on Poh’s health, and he experienced a stroke in early 2008, which affected his speech ability. Poh’s transplanted kidney also began to fail, causing him to undergo dialysis again. Poh’s condition worsened to the point of hospitalisation on 3 October 2008, and he died a week later on 10 October, at the age of 50.Leon was reportedly entrusted to the care of Poh’s 72-year-old elderly mother and Poh’s siblings. In popular media
<mask>’s case was re-enacted in Singaporean crime show Crimewatch, which was available on meWATCH. <mask>’s case was also re-enacted in True Files, another local crime show. Despite the fact that True Files was viewable on meWATCH, the episode detailing <mask>’s trial and crime was somehow not available on the website. An Indonesian book titled Dreamseekers: Indonesian Women as Domestic Workers in Asia had also recorded <mask>’s case in its chapters. See also
 Capital punishment in Singapore
 List of major crimes in Singapore (2000–present)
 List of major crimes in Singapore (before 2000)

References

Murder in Singapore
Murdered Singaporean children
Capital punishment in Singapore
Indonesian people imprisoned abroad
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Singapore
Indonesian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Indonesian criminals
Domestic

masks: Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti Sundarti


title: Johnny Russell (footballer)

texts:
<mask> (born 8 April 1990) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a winger for Major League Soccer club Sporting Kansas City. He has previously played for Dundee United, Forfar Athletic, Raith Rovers and Derby County. <mask> represented Scotland at under-19 and under-21 level. He was first named in the Scotland squad in 2012, and made his full international debut in November 2014. <mask> is the highest-scoring Scottish-born player in MLS history. Club career

Dundee United
Russell, who had featured just five times for Dundee United's under-19 side in 2006–07, made his professional debut in the Scottish Premier League on 12 May 2007 in the 2–0 defeat at Falkirk, coming on as an 80th-minute substitute for Steven Robb. In August 2008, <mask> moved on loan to Forfar Athletic of the Scottish Football League Third Division until the end of the year, scoring twice on his début.In January 2009, <mask> made his first start for Dundee United in the Scottish Cup fourth round victory at East Stirlingshire, scoring a second-half penalty kick for his first United goal. <mask> returned to Forfar on loan for the remainder of the season, agreeing a contract extension with United in April until May 2012. In September 2009, <mask> played and scored in Dundee United's League Cup win against Ross County before undertaking a month's loan with Raith Rovers in the Scottish Football League First Division, which was subsequently extended until Boxing Day. The deal was further extended until the end of the season, and <mask> ended his time in Kirkcaldy with his first senior hat-trick in a final day 4–1 win over Ross County. In April 2011, <mask> scored a header for Dundee United's second goal in a 3–2 win at Ibrox, in which David Goodwillie scored the winner in the 89th minute. On 21 July he scored for United in the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League, the second in a 3–2 second qualifying round second leg win against Polish side Śląsk Wrocław. United had lost the first leg 1–0, so were eliminated on the away goals rule.He also scored

masks:
Johnathon Simpson Snedden Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell


title: Johnny Russell (footballer)

texts:
 against Celtic that season, and established himself in the United team. On 7 January 2012, <mask> netted a hat-trick, the second of his career, in a 6–2 Scottish Cup win over Airdrie United. As of that match, <mask> had scored a total of 9 goals in the 2011–12 season and it saw him become a regular in the starting line-up alongside Jon Daly. On 19 January 2013, <mask> scored his first SPL hattrick in a 3–2 win over Kilmarnock. <mask> equalled Finn Døssing's record for the fastest ever Dundee United goal when he scored after 14 seconds in a 3–0 Scottish Cup victory against Rangers at Tannadice Park on 2 February. In May 2013, it was reported that bids for <mask> were made by Italian Serie A team Catania and English Championship side Derby County with Dundee United keen to sell <mask> with a year left on his contract after his agent stated that <mask> would not be signing a new contract. In June 2013; Derby County had an offer accepted for the striker.Derby County
<mask> joined Derby County on 10 June 2013 for a fee of around £750,000, and he signed a four-year contract. He scored twice on his debut in a pre-season friendly at Irish side Bohemians. <mask>'s competition for a starting place consisted of Chris Martin, Conor Sammon and Jamie Ward. <mask> scored on his competitive debut from the penalty spot in Derby's 1–1 draw with Blackburn Rovers on 4 August. He scored a fifth in four friendlies in the Bass Charity Vase final against Burton Albion on 13 August, which Derby lost 3–2. <mask> fractured his left fibula during the game and was ruled out of action for six weeks. Sporting Kansas City

On 31 January 2018, <mask> signed with Major League Soccer club Sporting Kansas City on a three-year contract.He made his debut for Sporting in the opening game of their 2018 MLS season, a 2–0 defeat against New York City FC on 4 March. <mask>'s solo goal against Los Angeles Galaxy earned him MLS Goal of the Week. <mask> scored a hat-trick for Sporting KC in a 6–0 win against Vancouver Whitecaps on 20 April, earning him the

masks: Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell


title: Johnny Russell (footballer)

texts:
 MLS Player of the week award. In March 2021, <mask> was named captain after Matt Besler departed the club. <mask> finished the 2021 regular season with 15 goals, placing him as the highest-scoring Scottish-born player in MLS history. International career
In August 2007, <mask> made his debut for the Scotland under-19s. He scored two goals in 10 appearances for the under-19s.<mask> then played 11 times for the Scotland under-21s, scoring once in the process. He received his first call up to the full national team for the match against the United States in May 2012, but did not play. <mask> made his full international debut in November 2014, in a 3–1 friendly home defeat to England. On as a second-half substitute, <mask> provided the assist for Andrew Robertson to make it 2–1. Uncapped since October 2015, he was recalled to the Scotland squad in May 2018, for friendlies against Peru and Mexico. On 24 March 2019 he scored his first international goal to secure a 2–0 away win over San Marino in UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying. <mask> was unable to play for Scotland during 2020 as COVID-19 protocols made it impractical for him to travel between North America and Europe for international matches.Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list Scotland's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each <mask> goal. References

External links

  (2nd Forfar loan spell)

1990 births
Living people
Footballers from Glasgow
Scottish footballers
Scotland youth international footballers
Scottish Premier League players
Scottish Football League players
English Football League players
Dundee United F.C. players
Raith Rovers F.C. players
Forfar Athletic F.C. players
Derby County F.C. players
Sporting Kansas City players
Association football forwards
Scotland under-21 international footballers
Scotland international footballers
Scottish expatriate footballers
Expatriate soccer players in the United States
Scottish expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Major League Soccer players
Designated Players

masks: Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell Russell


title: Jerry Yang

texts:
<mask> (born November 6, 1968) is a Taiwanese-American billionaire  computer programmer, internet entrepreneur, and venture capitalist. He is the co-founder and former CEO of Yahoo! Inc.

As of February 2022, <mask> has a net worth of over $2.7 billion. Early life
<mask> was born with the name <mask> in Taipei, Taiwan, on November 6, 1968; his mother was a professor of English and drama and his father died when he was two, by which time <mask> had a brother. In 1978, his mother moved the family to San Jose, California, where his grandmother and extended family took care of the boys while his mother taught English to other immigrants. After moving to the US <mask> took the American name <mask>, his mother Lily, and his brother Ken. He says that he only knew one English word, "shoe", when he came to America, but became fluent in English in about three years.<mask> graduated from Piedmont Hills High School and went on to earn both a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Science in electrical engineering from Stanford University in four years. He met David Filo at Stanford in 1989, and the two of them went to Japan in 1992 for a six-month exchange program, during which he met his future wife, who was there as part of the exchange program. Career
<mask> founded Yahoo! in 1994, served as CEO from 2007 to 2009. He left Yahoo! in 2012. He founded a venture capital firm called AME Cloud Ventures and, as of 2015, serves on several corporate boards.According to Rob Solomon, a venture capitalist at Accel Partners, <mask> was "a great founder, evangelist, strategist and mentor," having "created the blueprint for what is possible on the Internet." 1994–2012: Yahoo! years
While studying at Stanford in 1994, <mask> and David Filo co-created an Internet website

masks:
Jerry Chih Yuan Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang Chih Yuan
Yang
Yang
Jerry
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang


title: Jerry Yang

texts:
 called "Jerry and David's Guide to the World Wide Web," which consisted of a directory of other websites. As it grew in popularity they renamed it "Yahoo! Inc." Yahoo! received around 100,000 unique visitors by the fall of 1994. In April 1995, Yahoo!received a $2 million investment from Sequoia Capital, Tim Koogle was hired as CEO, and <mask> and Filo were each appointed "Chief Yahoo." Yahoo! received a second round of funding in the Fall of 1995 from Reuters and Softbank. It went public in April 1996 with 49 employees. In 1999, <mask> was named to the MIT Technology Review TR100 as one of the top 100 innovators in the world under the age of 35. Terry Semel, who replaced Tim Koogle as CEO after the dot-com bubble crash, served until 2007 when the rise of Google led the board to fire him and appoint <mask> as interim CEO. Alibaba

<mask> met Alibaba founder Jack Ma in 1997 during <mask>'s first trip to China.Ma, a government-employed tour guide and former English teacher, gave <mask> a tour of the Great Wall of China. The two hit it off and discussed the growth of the Web. Ma created Alibaba several months later. A 1997 photo of <mask> and Ma at the Great Wall still hangs on the wall in Alibaba's Hangzhou office. In 2005, under <mask>'s direction but before he took over as CEO in 2007, Yahoo! purchased a 40% stake in Alibaba for $1 billion plus the assets of Yahoo! China, valued at $700 million.In 2012, Yahoo! sold a portion of its stake in Alibaba for $7.6 billion. The company made an additional $9.4 billion in Alibaba's 2014 IPO. Eric Jackson, the founder of hedge fund Ironfire Capital, called Yahoo! 's investment in Alibaba "the best investment an American company has ever made in China," and stated, "<mask> deserves enormous credit for that."

masks: Yang Yang Yang Yang Yang Yang Yang Yang Jerry


title: Jerry Yang

texts:
 Chinese government collaboration controversies

In fall 2005, a month after the Alibaba investment, news broke that Yahoo! had cooperated with Chinese authorities in the arrest of Chinese journalist Shi Tao in November 2004.Shi had used a Yahoo email address to anonymously notify a pro-democracy website in the US that the Chinese government had ordered the Chinese media not to cover the fifteenth anniversary of the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 on June 4. Yahoo! provided the Chinese security agencies with the IP addresses of the senders, the recipients and the time of the message. Shi was subsequently convicted for "divulging state secrets abroad." <mask> justified the action, stating: "To be doing business in China or anywhere else in the world, we have to comply with local law[s]." <mask> and Yahoo! were heavily criticized, and Reporters Without Borders called Yahoo!"a Chinese police informant." In April 2007, Wang Xiaoning and other journalists brought a civil suit against Yahoo! for allegedly aiding and abetting the Chinese government which, it was claimed, resulted in torture that included beatings and imprisonment. In early November 2007, <mask> faced questions from a Congressional committee with respect to Yahoo! 's role in the arrests of Tao and other journalists in China. During the hearings he apologized to Tao's mother, who was also at the hearing. A week later, Yahoo!agreed to settle with affected Chinese dissidents, paying them undisclosed compensation. <mask> stated, "After meeting with the families, it was clear to me what we had to do to make this right for them, for Yahoo, and for the future." That week, <mask> established the Yahoo! Human Rights Fund, a fund to provide "humanitarian and legal support" to online dissidents.

masks: Yang Yang Yang Yang Yang


title: Jerry Yang

texts:
 In February 2008, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said that she raised issues about jailed Chinese journalists with her Chinese counterpart <mask>i; she cited a letter from <mask> requesting her assistance in freeing the jailed dissidents. Late in 2008, the Laogai Museum opened; the museum was run by noted Chinese dissident Harry Wu and showcased China's laogai penal system. It was funded by the Yahoo!Human Rights Fund. On September 2, 2020, a lawsuit was filed on behalf of Chinese activist Ning Xianhua against past Yahoo! executives, including <mask> and Semel. The lawsuit was filed in the U.S. District Court in San Jose, California. It alleges that Yahoo! provided Xianhua’s private emails to the Chinese government in exchange for commercial access to more Chinese internet users. Microsoft negotiations
In February 2008, Microsoft made an unsolicited offer to buy Yahoo!for  $44.6 billion; at the time Yahoo! was still struggling to catch up to Google, while Microsoft was still seeking an internet strategy. The offer was a 62% premium to Yahoo! 's market value at the time. The negotiations were difficult, as <mask> had no desire to sell Yahoo! and would not make  a counter offer. Once the negotiations ended in failure in May 2008, Yahoo!'s stock price plunged. <mask> and board chairman Roy Bostock were strongly criticized by investors for their handling of negotiations, which later led to several shareholder lawsuits and a proxy fight led by Carl Icahn, which was settled in July 2008. <mask>'s response to the Microsoft takeover was to make a commercial search advertising arrangement with Google but they ended negotiation after U.S. authorities voiced concerns regarding the effect on competition in the market. Resignation as CEO to departure
On

masks:
Yang Jiech
Jerry Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang


title: Jerry Yang

texts:
 November 17, 2008, The Wall Street Journal reported <mask> would step down as CEO as soon as the company found a replacement. He served as CEO until 2009, when Yahoo! named Carol Bartz as CEO. He regained his former position as "Chief Yahoo" and remained on Yahoo's board of directors.In January 2012, Yahoo! announced that <mask> was leaving the company and would be resigning from the board and all other positions at the company. The company also announced his resignation from the boards of Yahoo! Japan and Alibaba Corp.

AME Cloud Ventures
After leaving Yahoo! he became a mentor to technology startups and an investor through his firm, AME Cloud Ventures. AME (pronounced "ah-meh") invests primarily in companies that work with data and has provided funding to more than 50 startups, including Tango, Evernote, Wattpad, Wish, Zoom and Vectra Networks Inc., and Chinese travel site Shijiebang. "Ame" means "rain" in Japanese, a nod to <mask>'s interest in cloud computing.Board seats
 Yahoo! (1995–2012)
 Cisco (2000–2012)
 Alibaba Group (2006–2012; 2014– )
 Stanford University Chair of Board of Trustees (2005-2015; 2017– )
 Workday, Inc. (2013– )
 Curbside (2013–2018)
 Lenovo Group Ltd (2013– )
 Newsbreak.com (Advisor) (2015–)

Personal life
<mask> is married to Akiko Yamazaki, a Japanese woman who was raised in Costa Rica, whom he met in 1992 during a 6-month Stanford exchange program when they were both students there. Yamazaki graduated from Stanford University with a degree in industrial engineering and is a director with the Wildlife Conservation Network. <mask> currently resides in Los Altos Hills, California. Philanthropy and impact
In February 2007, <mask> and his wife gave $75 million to Stanford University, their alma mater, $50 million of

masks: Yang Yang Yang Yang Yang Yang


title: Jerry Yang

texts:
 which went to building the "Jerry Yang and Akiko Yamazaki Environment and Energy Building", a multi-disciplinary research, teaching and lab building designed with sustainable architecture principles. In late 2012 and early 2013, the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco exhibited selections from the Chinese calligraphy collection belonging to <mask> and his wife. He began the collection in the late 1990s; it contains about 250 pieces.These selections also appeared at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the 2014 exhibition "Out of Character: Decoding Chinese Calligraphy." In September 2017, <mask> and Yamazaki pledged $25 million to the Asian Art Museum, the largest donation in the museum's history. A new pavilion at the museum, funded by <mask> and Yamazaki's donation and named in their honor, opened in 2020. <mask> and Yamakazi loaned more than 50 Chinese ink paintings to Stanford's Cantor Arts Center in summer 2018 for its "Ink Worlds" exhibition. <mask> was featured in Asian Americans, a PBS documentary series on Asian American history, in 2020. In 2021, he was among the co-founders of The Asian American Foundation, a $250 million initiative to address racism against Asian Americans and provide services to Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. <mask> sits on the board of the foundation, described by its organizers as the largest-ever philanthropic effort to support the AAPI community.References

External links

 <mask> at Stanford Engineering Heroes page
 IT Conversations audio interview from the Web 2.0 conference, October 2004

1968 births
20th-century American businesspeople
21st-century American businesspeople
American art collectors
American billionaires
American businesspeople of Taiwanese descent
American computer businesspeople
American

masks:
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Jerry Yang


title: Yvonne Jones

texts:
<mask>  (born March 15, 1968) is a Canadian politician in Newfoundland and Labrador, who was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in a by-election on May 13, 2013. She represents the district of Labrador as a member of the Liberal Party caucus. On December 2, 2015, she was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Indigenous and Northern Affairs. <mask> is a member of NunatuKavut. From 1996 to 2013, <mask> represented the district of Cartwright-L'Anse au Clair in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. During her career in provincial politics, she served as Minister of Fisheries in Premier Roger Grimes' government, and later as a leader of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador and Leader of the Official Opposition. Provincial politics
<mask> has training in journalism and has worked for many community newspapers throughout the province.She has also served as an employment counselor and field worker for the Battle Harbour Development Association with Human Resources Development Canada. <mask> served as mayor of Mary's Harbour, Labrador from 1991 to 1996. In 1996, she sought the Liberal Party nomination for the provincial electoral district of Cartwright-L'Anse au Clair in that year's general election. <mask> lost the nomination to incumbent Danny Dumaresque, but subsequently ran as an Independent candidate. She was elected to the House of Assembly in the 1996 general election, defeating Dumaresque, a two-term MHA. <mask> became the Liberal Party's candidate for the 1999 election. She was re-elected in 1999, 2003, 2007 and 2011.After serving two years as a Parliamentary Secretary <mask> was appointed to cabinet In February 2003, by Premier Roger Grimes. She was sworn in as the Minister of Fisheries and Aquaculture and as the Minister Responsible

masks:
Yvonne Jean Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones


title: Yvonne Jones

texts:
 for the Status of Women. <mask> held the post till the Liberal government was defeated in the provincial election in October of that year. In 2004, <mask> was the only member of the House of Assembly to vote against the Labrador Inuit Land Claims Agreement (Bill 44). During the legislative debate <mask> stated "The proposed treaty we have before us today is very complex. I certainly do not think and I know it was not the intention of the LIA [Labrador Inuit Association] to stigmatize or exclude the possibility for settlement of a claim with Metis people. I know that, Mr. Speaker.I have asked the government to give me the greatest assurances possible that this treaty would not prejudice the future acceptance of a claim for Metis in Labrador. Those assurances have not been satisfactory to the leadership of the Labrador Metis Nation, to their President, Todd Russell, to their elders and their members, and therefore, Mr. Speaker, it is not satisfactory to me". During this debate <mask> also stated "I am a Metis and I am very proud of who I am. I am descendant from the bloodline of Inuit and the English". <mask> was an outspoken critic of the Muskrat Falls hydro development. Liberal leader
<mask> was one of only three Liberal Members of the House of Assembly (MHA) re-elected in the 2007 provincial election. On November 15, 2007, she was named the interim leader of the Liberal Party and Official Opposition Leader, after party leader Gerry Reid was defeated in his own district.<mask> became the first woman to lead the Liberal Party in the province. The party originally planned to hold a leadership convention to select a new, permanent leader in 2008, but postponed the vote twice. <mask> continued to serve as interim leader during this period of time, and in December 2009, announced

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones