title: Patrick Collison

texts:
 company Live Current Media, becoming millionaires. In May 2008 he became director of engineering at the company's new Vancouver base. Collison attributes the success of his company to his win in the Young Scientist and Technology Exhibition. Other
Both <mask> and his younger brother John were featured on a young Irish persons rich list aired on an RTÉ television show during the 2008 Christmas period. On 18 July 2009, at the age of 20 and following the publication of McCarthy Report, Collison outlined his ideas for the future of Ireland on popular talk-show Saturday Night with Miriam. In 2010, <mask> co-founded Stripe, which in 2011 received investment of $2 million including from PayPal co-founders Elon Musk and Peter Thiel, and venture capital firms Sequoia Capital, Andreessen Horowitz, and SV Angel.In November 2016, the <mask> brothers became the world's youngest self-made billionaires, worth at least $1.1 billion, after an investment in Stripe from CapitalG and General Catalyst Partners valued the company at $9.2 billion. According to Collison, he reads books and is interested in a broad range of subjects on history, technology, engineering, fiction, philosophy, and art. He publishes the list of books he read on his website. In November 2018, Collison published a piece in The Atlantic with Michael Nielsen entitled Science is Getting Less Bang for its Buck, arguing that increased investment in science hasn't produced commensurate output. In 2019, Collison published an opinion piece in the same outlet with Tyler Cowen arguing for a new academic discipline called "Progress Studies", which would study the cultural and institutional conditions which lead to the most progress and higher standards of living. In 2018, Stripe, under the direction of the <mask> brothers, contributed $1 million to California YIMBY, a pro-housing development lobbying organization. On 29 June 2020 Collison criticized the Chinese governments treatment of Uighurs tweeting: "As a US business (and tech) community, I think we should be significantly clearer about our horror at,

masks: Collison Patrick Collison Collison


title: Patrick Collison

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texts:
 and opposition to, the atrocities being committed by the Chinese government against its own people".<mask> lives in San Francisco, California. The brothers were worth at least $3.2 billion each after Stripe raised $150 million from CapitalG, an investment division of Google parent's company Alphabet, and General Catalyst Partners. In September 2019, it was announced that Stripe had raised an additional $250 million at a valuation of $35 billion. Together, the brothers hold a controlling interest in Stripe and will be able to retain control should the company go public. Forbes article
A profile of the brothers published in Forbes in 2021 claimed the brothers had "escaped" from Limerick, describing it as a "warzone" because of a gang feud and it was "the 'murder capital' of Europe". It claimed "shootings, pipe bomb attacks, and stabbings" happened there every night. It also claimed that "Some bad neighbourhoods are even walled off by a dirty graffitied 10-foot-high barrier, like the Berlin Wall".The article received a lot of publicity online, causing a backlash. <mask> tweeted "Not only mistaken about Limerick but the idea of ‘overcoming’ anything is crazy. We are who we are because we grew up where we did". John tweeted it was "daft". <mask>'Donovan called on the magazine and author to apologise to the people of Limerick "or the insult and hurt caused" by it. He also tweeted "I am calling on them to come to Limerick where I will gladly set the record straight in respect of what our county and city has to offer as opposed to what your work of fiction depicts," and "Please let me know when suits to visit." Niall Collins tweeted that the article was a "disgraceful description of Limerick, home to so many fine and decent people".The article was removed from the website on 9 April 2021. References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Irish billionaires
Irish computer programmers
Irish scientists
People educated at Castletroy College
People from County Limerick
Y Combinator people
Young Scientist and Technology Exhibition
21st-century Irish

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Collison
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title: Stephen Biddle

texts:
<mask><mask> (born January 19, 1959) is an American author, historian, policy analyst and columnist whose work concentrates on U.S. foreign policy. Currently, he is the Professor of International and Public Affairs at School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University. He is perhaps best known for his award-winning 2004 book Military Power: Explaining Victory and Defeat in Modern Battle, published through Princeton University Press. He also has worked in groups under Generals Stanley McChrystal and David Petraeus forming U.S. counter-insurgency policy. Background

Education and early career
<mask> was born and raised in Wilmington, Delaware, the son of Robert D. and Blanche V<mask>. His parents frequently discussed politics, and they welcomed his input. <mask> later remarked that such debates took place "from almost as far back as I can remember" and that his father expressly encouraged him to think for himself.<mask> spent a lot of his childhood reading about military history and foreign affairs. <mask> worked in internships in Washington D.C. that involved studying U.S. defense policy, but he remained skeptical as to whether he could (as he later put it) "actually make a living and pay the rent and eat regularly while doing this." <mask> earned a Bachelor's Degree in Fine Arts from Harvard, which had mostly involved reviewing art history, in 1981. His first job after earning his degree was at a public policy think tank in the Washington, D.C. area that worked with the Office of the Secretary of Defense. He went on to operate 400,000-line Fortran models of combat scenarios outcomes between the Warsaw Pact and NATO from 1981 to 1983. <mask>'s suspicions about the model's accuracy and about Defense Department statistical planning in general would later inspire the material in his first book, Military Power: Explaining Victory and Defeat in Modern Battle. <mask> earned a Master's Degree in 1985 and then a Doctor of Philosophy in 1992, both of those degrees coming

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title: Stephen Biddle

texts:
 from Harvard and both focusing on American public policy.He later joked, "I got to know every bad restaurant in Harvard Square very well by the time I was done!" <mask> felt particularly inspired by mentor professors Albert Carnesale and Michael Nacht, political science experts who have since moved to U.C. Berkeley. Later career
<mask> served as Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at the George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs before joining the faculty of School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University in 2018. He joined the faculty there in August 2012, after serving as the Roger Hertog Senior Fellow for Defense Policy at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), which he joined in January 2006. He retains an affiliation with the Council as Adjunct Senior Fellow for Defense Policy. He formerly worked as an associate professor and Elihu Root chair of military studies at the U.S. Army War College's Strategic Studies Institute.His popular interest writings have appeared in multiple publications such as The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, The Boston Globe, The International Herald Tribune, and The Guardian. <mask>'s career has also included research and teaching posts at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA), Harvard's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs (BCSIA), and Harvard's Kennedy School of Government's Office of National Security Programs. He published Military Power: Explaining Victory and Defeat in Modern Battle through Princeton University Press in 2004. The book has won multiple writing awards including CFR's Arthur Ross Award Silver Medal for 2005 and the 2005 Huntington Prize from the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies. <mask> received the U.S. Army Superior Civilian Service Medal in 2003 and again in 2006. He received the U.S. Army Commander's Award for Public Service in 2007 as well. Within the U.S.

masks: Biddle Biddle Biddle Biddle


title: Stephen Biddle

texts:
 military, he served on General Stanley McChrystal's Initial Strategic Assessment Team in Kabul in 2009, on General David Petraeus's Joint Strategic Assessment Team in Baghdad in 2007, and as a senior adviser to General Petraeus's Central Command Assessment Team in Washington in 2008–2009.Beliefs
<mask> stated in 2006 that the George W. Bush administration did not do "an adequate job" of establishing a grand strategy for the war on terror with specific aims and specifically defined enemies. He criticized the administration's approach as "quite vague". He called the Bush doctrine of 'rollback', in which the U.S. tries to end the root cause of terrorism by replacing failing autocracies in the Arab world with democracies, "a very demanding program" but a legitimate, if costly and risky, view. He also remarked in 2006 that the War in Afghanistan had progressively grown more difficult for American forces since, at first, they fought untrained, amateur Taliban-related militants. Yet later on, according to <mask>, American forces began fighting well-trained foreign agents such as al-Qaeda operatives that incorporate Western-style infantry tactics. <mask> referred to the Afghan war in mid-2009 as "perhaps the most controversial and divisive issue in U.S. defense policy". <mask> has argued generally about the U.S. military and its history,

He has stated about U.S. power and prestige,

See also
 Members of the Council on Foreign Relations
 Max Boot

References

External links

American columnists
American democracy activists
American foreign policy writers
American male non-fiction writers
American political writers
Living people
Elliott School of International Affairs faculty
George Washington University faculty
The New York Times columnists
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill faculty
The Wall Street Journal people
1959 births
Harvard University alumni
United States Army War College faculty
Columbia University faculty
Columbia School of International and Public Affairs


title: Jeremy Waldron

texts:
<mask> (; born 13 October 1953) is a New Zealand professor of law and philosophy. He holds a University Professorship at the New York University School of Law, is affiliated with the New York University Department of Philosophy, and was formerly the Chichele Professor of Social and Political Theory at All Souls College, Oxford University. <mask> also holds an adjunct professorship at Victoria University of Wellington. <mask> is regarded as one of the world's leading legal and political philosophers. Early life and education
<mask> attended Southland Boys' High School, and then went on to study at the University of Otago, New Zealand, where he graduated with a B.A. in 1974 and an LL.B. in 1978.He later studied for a D.Phil. at Lincoln College, Oxford under legal philosopher Ronald Dworkin and political theorist Alan Ryan; Waldron graduated in 1986. Career
He also taught legal and political philosophy at Otago (1975–78), Lincoln College, Oxford (1980–82), the University of Edinburgh, Scotland (1983–87), the Jurisprudence and Social Policy Program at Berkeley Law (1986–96), Princeton University (1996–97), and Columbia Law School (1997–2006). He has also been a visiting professor at Cornell (1989–90), Otago (1991–92) and Columbia (1995) Universities. Currently at NYU he teaches Rule of Law, Jurisprudence, seminars on Property and Human Dignity and regularly hosts the Colloquium on Legal, Social and Political Philosophy, founded by Ronald Dworkin and Thomas Nagel in 1987, and currently convened by Liam Murphy, Samuel Scheffler, and <mask>. <mask> gave the second series of Seeley Lectures at Cambridge

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title: Jeremy Waldron

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 University in 1996, the 1999 Carlyle Lectures at Oxford, the spring 2000 University Lecture at Columbia Law School, the Wesson Lectures at Stanford University in 2004, the Storrs Lectures at Yale Law School in 2007, and the Gifford Lectures at the University of Edinburgh in 2015. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1998.In 2005, <mask> received an honorary doctorate from the University of Otago, his alma mater. <mask> was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2015. In 2019 a Professorial Chair in Jurisprudence was created in his name at the University of Otago. Legal and philosophical views
<mask> is a liberal and a normative legal positivist. He has written extensively on the analysis and justification of private property and on the political and legal philosophy of John Locke. He is an outspoken opponent of judicial review and of torture, both of which he believes to be in tension with democratic principles. He believes that hate speech should not be protected by the First Amendment.His later work is devoted to providing a non-religious and non-Kantian concept of human dignity, based on a thought experiment of leveling up all human beings to the high rank of nobility or aristocracy, thus constituting a single rank or caste. He has been working on this topic since he gave the Tanner Lectures on the subject in 2009, published in 2012 as Dignity, Rank and Rights. <mask> has also criticised analytic legal philosophy for its failure to engage with the questions addressed by political theory. Criticism of judicial review
Sandrine Baume has identified <mask> and Bruce

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texts: Ackerman as leading critics of the "compatibility of judicial review with the very principles of democracy". Baume identified John Hart Ely alongside Dworkin as the foremost defenders of this principle in recent years, while the opposition to this principle of "compatibility" were identified as Bruce Ackerman and <mask>. In contrast to <mask> and Ackerman, Dworkin was a long-time advocate of a moral reading of the United States Constitution, whose lines of support he sees as strongly associated with enhanced versions of judicial review in the federal government. A staunch defender of the principle of democratic legislation, in an article titled "The Core of the Case against Judicial Review", <mask> has argued for a limited role for judicial review in a robust democratic government.<mask> asserts that there is no inherent advantage to a judiciary's protection of rights than to a legislature's if (1) there is a broadly democratic political system with appropriate suffrage and process, (2) there is a system of courts somewhat insulated from popular pressure and engaged in judicial review, there is a general commitment to rights, and there is disagreement as to the content and extent of rights. Even so, <mask> does not argue against the existence of judicial review, which may be appropriate when there is institutional dysfunction. In this case, the defense of judicial review compatible with democracy is limited to remedies for that dysfunction and are neither unlimited nor universal. Thus <mask> places his view of judicial review in the tradition of Justice Harlan Fiske Stone. Affinity with judicial


title: Jeremy Waldron

texts:
 minimalism
In a review of a 2015 book by Cass Sunstein, <mask> has stated that between the polarity represented by judges who can be "heroic" in the interpretation of their judgments and those who abstain, that his preference would be sympathetic to a position which could be described as "judicial minimalism". <mask> states his examples of such judges as including Sandra O'Connor, Ruth Ginsburg, and Felix Frankfurter. Publications
Books
 1984.Theories of Rights, edited vol. 1988. The Right to Private Property. ,
 1988. Nonsense Upon Stilts: Bentham, Burke and Marx on the Rights of Man, edited vol. 1990. The Law: Theory and Practice in British Politics.1993. Liberal Rights: Collected Papers 1981–91. 1999. The Dignity of Legislation, Seeley Lectures. ,  (Portuguese translation)
 1999. Law and Disagreement. 2002.God, Locke and Equality. 2010. Torture, Terror, and Trade-Offs: Philosophy for the White House. 2012. The Harm in Hate Speech, Oliver Wendell Holmes Lectures. 2012. "Partly Laws Common To All Mankind": Foreign Law in American Courts.2012. The Rule of Law and the Measure of Property, Hamlyn Lectures. 2012. Dignity, Rank and Rights (Meir Dan Cohen: editor), Oxford University Press. 2016. Political Political Theory, Harvard University Press. 2017.One Another's Equals: The Basis of Human Equality, Harvard University Press. Articles
 2001, "Normative (or Ethical) Positivism" in Jules Coleman (ed. ), Hart's Postscript: Essays on the Postscript to The Concept of Law. New York: Oxford University Press. 2003, "Who is my Neighbor? : Humanity and Proximity," The Monist 86. 2004, "Settlement, Return, and the

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title: Jeremy Waldron

texts:
 Supersession Thesis," Theoretical Inquiries in Law 5.2004, "Terrorism and the Uses of Terror". The Journal of Ethics, Vol. 8, No. 1, Terrorism (2004) pp. 5–35. 2005, "Torture and Positive Law: Jurisprudence for the White House," Columbia Law Review 105. 2006, "The Core of the Case Against Judicial Review," Yale Law Journal 115.2009, "Dignity and Defamation: The Visibility of Hate" ". 2009 Oliver Wendell Holmes Lectures. 2012, "Bicameralism and the Separation of Powers," Current Legal Problems 31. References

External links

 NYU Law Faculty Profile. NYU's Big Raid New York Observer, 13 March 2006 (on <mask>'s appointment at NYU). Debate with John Yoo on torture. Waldron archive from The New York Review of Books
 "NYU's <mask> to Take Up Chichele Chair at Oxford on Half-Time Basis" Leiter Reports, 17 December 2009.1953 births
Living people
Alumni of Lincoln College, Oxford
Christian philosophers
New York University faculty
New Zealand expatriates in the United States
New Zealand lawyers
New Zealand philosophers
New Zealand political philosophers
People educated at Southland Boys' High School
Philosophers of law
Political philosophers
Oceanian social liberals
Chichele Professors of Social and Political Theory
University of Otago alumni
20th-century philosophers
21st-century philosophers
20th-century New Zealand writers
20th-century New Zealand male writers
20th-century male writers
21st-century New Zealand writers
Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford
Legal scholars of the University of Oxford
New York University School of Law faculty
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
Columbia Law School


title: Danny Brown

texts:
Daniel Dewan Sewell (born March 16, 1981), known professionally as <mask>, is an American rapper and comedian. He has been described by MTV as "one of rap's most unique figures in recent memory". In 2010, after amassing several mixtapes, <mask> released his debut studio album, The Hybrid. <mask> began to gain major recognition after the release of his second studio album, XXX, which received critical acclaim and earned him such accolades as Spin, as well as Metro Times "Artist of the Year". In 2013, he entered a US Billboard chart, with the release of his third studio album, Old, which reached number 18 on the US Billboard 200 chart and spawned three singles, "Dip", "25 Bucks" and "Smokin & Drinkin”, which peaked at number 31 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop songs chart. His fourth studio album, Atrocity Exhibition, was released on September 27, 2016, and his fifth studio album, U Know What I'm Sayin?, was released on October 4, 2019, both albums being received with further critical acclaim. Early life
Sewell was born in Detroit, Michigan on March 16, 1981.At the time, his mother was 18 and his father was 16. His father is half Filipino. <mask>'s talent for rhyming came at a very young age, as his mother would read Dr. Seuss books to him as a child; when he began to speak, he would talk in rhyme. His father was a house DJ who exposed <mask> to all the music he would spin, as well as music from the likes of Roy Ayers, LL Cool J, Esham, and A Tribe Called Quest. For as long as he could remember, <mask> had always wanted to be a rapper: "In kindergarten I'd say I wanted to be a rapper

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title: Danny Brown

texts: and people'd just laugh at me. 'That's a pretty funny job,' they'd say." His young parents did their best to shelter him from the Detroit street crime and gang life: "My parents ain't really want me out the house.They did as much as they possibly could to keep me in the house with whatever the newest video game was. But you know you can only keep a kid in for so long. Plus that had me sheltered, so once I did get away I used to disappear for like four days." His two grandmothers helped provide for his family. His maternal grandmother worked for Chrysler, and she bought four to five houses: "To this day we still got those houses. She owns three houses in a row on that block. She raised her three children and a host of others in the middle house; the one to the left she paid cash for in the '90s from her long time neighbor; and the one on the right was her parents' home that she inherited when they died."She also owned two other homes on the east side of Detroit, one in which <mask> was raised. The fifth house, also located on the east side, was occupied by his aunt and her family: "I used to get beat up all the time. I had nobody over there and I'm the oldest with two brothers and a younger sister. And I'm kind of not really gangster like that," <mask> said in a 2012 interview. Originally from the Dexter-Linwood way of Detroit, <mask> later moved to Hamtramck. He heavily associates with Detroit in his music. At age 18, <mask> became a drug dealer: "Once I got above a certain age, all that parent shit stopped.My mom and my pops split up. Once my pops left, I was the man of

masks: Brown Brown Brown Brown


title: Danny Brown

texts: the house. I always told myself I was going to be a rapper my whole life. I was selling drugs since that's what all my friends were doing. And it was kind of like something to rap about maybe." Although his intentions were to stop once he got in trouble with the law, <mask> was already too accustomed to the lifestyle: "I always told myself once I got my first [legal] case I was gonna stop. Then I got my first case, but I didn't stop.I got distribution and manufacturing and possession with intent to distribute. I was 19." His run-ins with the law didn't stop there: "I caught my second case loitering with some weed, but it violated my probation but I ran and I didn't go to court. I just ran for like at least five years. But once I got caught I had to do eight months. When I violated my probation, I got my second case and I was scared. I had warrants so I couldn't really slang like that cause I didn't wanna go to jail.I was broke in the hood. I had nothing else, so I just started going back to studying music and trying to become a rapper." After he did his time, <mask> began to take his passion seriously and turn it into a career: "I got out of jail in '07. I took it serious from that time but it took a lot of shit to happen in my life to get me confident to know I could do it. I had more confidence when I got out of jail because the day when I got out of jail I started selling weed. I ain't had no money after the first two months, like, 'I was way better off in jail.' By then I was already making my New York trips and going to recording studios so I was already serious when

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texts:
 I got locked up.When I got out it was like, 'It's now or never.'" <mask> and Dopehead. In 2003, the trio independently released an album titled Runispokets-N-Dumpemindariva under Ren-A-Sance Entertainment and F.B.C. Records. In the summer of 2003, the group received mild rotation on Detroit radio stations with their lead single, "Yes". After growing up on hip hop and tuning his rhyming skills in the city, <mask> landed the attention of Roc-A-Fella Records A&R Travis Cummings, who flew <mask> out to New York City, where he began recording in other artists' studios. After a lack of success with Roc-A-Fella, <mask> returned to Detroit and eventually linked up with Detroit-based producer Nick Speed.Career

2010: The Hybrid

In 2010, <mask> befriended fellow American rapper Tony Yayo of G-Unit, and together they recorded their collaborative effort, Hawaiian Snow (2010). The G-Unit association led many to wonder if <mask> would eventually sign with 50 Cent's G-Unit Records. But <mask>, who favors fitted jeans and a vintage rock-inspired wardrobe, didn't fit with G-Unit's image: "It was a real thing. 50 was with it; he just didn't sign me because of my jeans. He liked the music, but he didn't like the way I looked," <mask> told MTV. "I understand where they were coming from with that, but you gotta understand where I'm coming from too: I'm from Detroit." After recording and releasing four volumes of his Detroit State of Mind mixtape series and other free self-released mixtapes, <mask> released his first solo studio album, The Hybrid (2010), on Washington, DC-based indie record

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 label Rappers I Know.It was this album where <mask> began to use his trademark high-pitched voice: "The first song that I ever rapped [with the high-pitched voice] was 'The Hybrid,' that's why we called it 'The Hybrid.' I think that was [when I found my voice]. That was the statement that I can rap and I can do every style of rap." The album came to fruition after he had written the aforementioned song: "The Hybrid started out because I started working with Hex Murder. Hex was managing me at the time and I had started recording in Black Milk's studio. We were working on a project and I had come up with the song 'The Hybrid,' so that gave me my whole intent on what I wanted to do with my next project. I started writing a new album and that's the album that I wrote.Then I hooked up with my homie Magnetic and he would just look out for me and gave me free studio time—so I would go record from 3 in the morning til 6 in the morning, because we were using the free time when nobody was there. Then I hooked up with Frank from Rappers I Know. I liked what he was doing with his blog. He looked out for me and helped me out a lot and then we put it out and the rest is history." 2011–12: XXX

On March 15, 2011, it was revealed <mask> had signed to Brooklyn-based indie record label Fool's Gold Records: "My manager [Emeka Obi] asked me who I wanted to sign to and I said there's two labels I want to sign to: XL or Fool's Gold. He knew [people at] Fool's Gold. He saw Nick Catchdubs in a burrito spot, asked him about it, and Nick said he'd get back to him.Q-Tip and A-Trak went and ate


title: Danny Brown

texts: lunch around last March. A-Trak told Q-Tip he was thinking about signing me and Q-Tip told him to do it. A-Trak called me and signed me. I met Q-Tip but I know Ali Shaheed more. Ali Shaheed is kind of like a mentor to me. Around the time of The Hybrid, I met him through Frank from Rappers I Know and he just started showing me love. We talk on the phone a lot."Signing to Fool's Gold Records proved to be <mask>'s biggest commercial and critical move. The label would go on to release his second studio album, XXX, as a free download. It received numerous critical accolades, including being named the best hip hop album of the year by Spin. Pitchfork gave his album an 8.2 out of 10, saying, "If XXX was nothing but debauchery and desperation, it would quickly devolve into an endless slog. Thankfully, <mask> is also hilariously funny, an endlessly inventive rapper driven to cook up outrageous variations on standard rap boasts." The publication later named XXX the 19th best album of 2011. XXX was also named the 6th-best album of 2011 by Passion of the Weiss, which called it "an uncomfortably honest self-portrait made even more remarkable by the fact that <mask> is alive to tell the story."On November 1, 2011, <mask> released his collaborative effort with American record producer Black Milk; an extended play (EP) appropriately titled Black and Brown!. On November 28, 2011, <mask> released the music video for the XXX-cut, "Blunt After Blunt." The video was directed by fellow American rapper ASAP Rocky, who also made a cameo appearance. In the wake of his success with XXX, <mask>

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title: Danny Brown

texts:
 began touring with Childish Gambino in March 2012. On March 13, 2012, <mask>hay-produced track "Radio Song" from XXX. The video was directed by Alex/2tone. In 2012, <mask> was featured on the cover of XXL as part of its annual "Top 10 Freshmen list" along with fellow then-up-and-coming rappers Hopsin, French Montana, MGK, Iggy Azalea and Roscoe Dash, among others.The Fader enlisted both Kendrick Lamar and <mask> to cover the front pages of its 2012 Spring Style issue. In a January 2012 interview, singer Jennifer Herrema revealed that <mask> would be featured on the second album by Australian electronic music group The Avalanches. Later in the year, <mask> confirmed that he was working with The Avalanches on a song titled "Frankie Sinatra." On <mask>'s official website, he confirmed that he would be performing at the 13th Annual Gathering of the Juggalos. <mask> signed a partnership deal with Adidas Originals, which is <mask>'s latest sportswear. 2012–14: Old

In February 2012, <mask> was featured first on the cover of the publication The Fader, in its 78th issue. On March 22, 2012, <mask> teamed up with Scion A/V to release a new song titled "Grown Up."The music video for "Grown Up," later released on August 20, was also presented by Scion A/V. In August 2012, it was rumored that <mask> was working on a new album titled <mask>, to be entirely produced by Johnson&Jonson (Blu and Mainframe), but <mask> later denied these rumors and confirmed that the album had already been released for free in 2010, under the title It's a Art. In August, <mask> also performed at the 13th

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title: Danny Brown

texts: annual Gathering of the Juggalos. In September, <mask> teamed up with Scion A/V once again to release the debut project of his rap group Bruiser Brigade (a hip hop collective featuring <mask>, Chips, Dopehead, Trpl Blk, ZelooperZ and in-house producer SKYWLKR). The project was a four-track extended play (EP) eponymously titled Bruiser Brigade. In October 2012, <mask> was featured on the soundtrack to the film The Man with the Iron Fists on a track titled "Tick, Tock," alongside fellow American rappers Raekwon, Joell Ortiz and Pusha T. On October 24, 2012, <mask> released the music video for a song titled "Witit," taken from the deluxe edition of XXX and his OD EP; later that day after Complex kept referring to his next album as <mask>, <mask> took to Twitter to reveal the correct tentative title to be ODB. From September to November, <mask> appeared alongside Schoolboy Q and ASAP Mob as supporting acts for ASAP Rocky's 40-date national Long.Live. ASAP Tour. In December 2012, <mask> announced ODB had been completed. He explained that the album won't be as consistently humorous as XXX but said people will be surprised with the outcome: "The new album is done. We're pretty much just figuring out a way of presenting the right way to get released…the title of the album for now is ODB. I can't really elaborate on what that means until the album comes out, and then they'll get it. I don't want to give too much because then it'll be a much more rewarding listen for my fans."He continued, "It's a rewarding listen when I listen to it. I don't know if I laugh as much - I think I

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texts: laugh when it's over with, and that's the difference between this album and XXX. With XXX, you laugh throughout it, and by the time it was over with, you were like, 'Oh that wasn't too funny.' This one, when it's over, you're laughing hysterically…it's not necessarily what's being said on the album, but the album [itself], like, 'I can't believe he made this.'" Rolling Stone magazine named <mask>'s single "Grown Up", the 41st-best song of 2012. In a December 2012 interview with Pitchfork, <mask> revealed the album would actually be titled Old. The album, released under Fool's Gold, was released to music retailers, unlike any of his previous releases.The album includes contributions from ASAP Rocky, Schoolboy Q, Ab-Soul, Kitty and Purity Ring, the latter of whom are contributing production, along with a hook from vocalist Megan James. In January 2013, it was announced that <mask> would be performing at the 2013 Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival. In the summer of 2012, Kathy Griffin invited <mask> and ASAP Rocky to appear on the Valentine's Day episode of her talk show Kathy. On February 14, <mask> appeared alongside ASAP Rocky and Russell Brand, on Griffin's late-night talk show where they played a dice game called "Suck breast? Kiss stomach?" and discussed the possibility of having children. On March 1, 2013, <mask> and American record producer Baauer, announced their upcoming "Worst of Both Worlds" Tour.For the trek, the Fool's Gold signees started off in Houston, Texas on April 9 at Fitzgerald's. The brief tour, which only hit the West Coast, made stops in Austin,

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title: Danny Brown

texts: Texas, Tucson, Arizona and San Francisco, California. They played both weekends of the Coachella Music and Arts Festival, wrapping up the tour on the second weekend (April 20). On March 8, <mask> announced another tour in promotion for his upcoming album, the "Old & Reckless" Tour, featuring American female rapper Kitty. For his first-ever headlining tour, <mask> began at SXSW on March 15 with a pair of shows. After completing his "Worst of Both Worlds" trek with Baauer, Kitty joined him for stops in St. Louis, Missouri, Ann Arbor, Michigan, New York City, New York and Madison, Wisconsin. The tour concluded at Indianapolis, Indiana's Deluxe on May 14.In March, <mask> also won his first award ever at the 2013 Woodie Awards, winning in the "Best Video" category for "Grown Up." On March 18, 2013, <mask> revealed in a Twitter post that Old would be released around the time XXX came out, which was mid August. On March 23, it was announced <mask>m, The Alchemist, Blink-182 and most recently Action Bronson, who has previously collaborated with <mask>. On May 3, <mask> announced through Twitter that Old would feature guest appearances from Freddie Gibbs, Schoolboy Q, Mr. MFN eXquire, Scrufizzer, ASAP Rocky, Ab-Soul, Charli XCX and Purity Ring. He also said the production on the album was handled by Paul White, Oh No, Rustie, Skywlkr, A-Trak, Darq E Freaker and Frank Dukes. After an unfinished version leaked earlier in the year, <mask> visited Tim Westwood on BBC Radio 1xtra in June 2013 to premiere the official version of "Kush Coma," a song featuring ASAP Rocky taken from the Old

masks: Brown Brown Brown Brown Brownine Brown Brown Brown


title: Danny Brown

texts: album. On July 23, <mask> was featured rapping alongside Insane Clown Posse in the music video for their song "When I'm Clownin'."On August 12, <mask> said on Twitter that he felt less than a priority at Fool's Gold Records: "Man #OLD fuck around and never come out ... Smh," tweeted <mask>, referring to his forthcoming album Old. <mask> then threatened to leak the album himself: "I'm a fuck around and leak that shit myself if niggas don't get it together." Subsequently, Fool's Gold Records founder A-Trak, announced that Old was indeed in the label pipeline, with a music video on the way. On August 26, 2013, <mask> announced via Twitter that Old would be released on September 30, 2013. Old debuted at number 17 on the US Billboard 200, selling 15,000 copies in its first week of release. On October 3, 2013, <mask> and A-Trak announced their "Double Trouble" tour. In November 2013, <mask> was featured in the interactive music video for American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan's 1965 hit single "Like a Rolling Stone."In January 2014, <mask> guest starred in the Fox animated TV series Lucas Bros. Moving Co., voicing a character named Jumanji in the first-season episode "A/C Tundra." <mask>'s song "Witit" was also featured in the episode. On January 22, 2014, <mask> made his network television debut with a special performance on Jimmy Kimmel Live!. Joined by Purity Ring vocalist Megan James, <mask> performed "25 Bucks," a track off Old. In April 2014, Hot Soup, one of <mask>'s early mixtapes, was re-released as a double LP and 7-inch with 7 bonus tracks for Record Store Day. It was

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 also released on CD with a bonus disc of instrumentals. Along with Hot Soup, <mask> also released Old as a double LP and a box set.On March 25, 2014, <mask> appeared The Arsenio Hall Show, where he promoted his third album Old and performed the single "Dip" from the album. On July 10, 2014, <mask> opened for Macklemore & Ryan Lewis in front of 37,500 people in Marlay Park, Dublin. On July 11 and 12, <mask> opened in front of 100,000 fans for Eminem's sold-out concert at Wembley Stadium in London. In November 2014, <mask> appeared on the song "Detroit vs. Everybody" alongside fellow Detroit-based rappers Eminem, Royce Da 5'9", Trick-Trick, Dej Loaf and Big Sean, from the Shady Records compilation album Shady XV. 2014–2016: Atrocity Exhibition

 In October 2014, <mask> announced he was working on a new album. In January 2015, <mask> announced he was working on a Dr. Seuss-inspired children's book, written for his 13-year-old daughter: "It's really about self-esteem in black girls," the rapper told radio station Triple J during his Australian tour. "You know how black women do so much – process their hair, change their eye color?It's really about a little girl who does all these things to herself and changes herself, and she realizes she's just better off the way she is." In April 2015, when asked if his album was done, <mask> responded: "Almost. I took a break from it cause I'm so ahead of schedule with it knowing it ain't coming out no time soon". In 2015, <mask> became the lead artist on the theme song for the ABC comedy series Fresh Off the Boat. On June 10, 2016, <mask>

masks: Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown


title: Danny Brown

texts:
 revealed on Instagram that he was "putting the final touches" on his fourth album. On June 14, <mask> announced his signing to Warp Records and released the first official single from his upcoming album, titled "When It Rain". On July 17, <mask> stated his new album would be titled Atrocity Exhibition, taking inspiration from the Joy Division song.In August 2016, <mask> appeared on The Eric Andre Show, alongside ASAP Rocky, Nocando, Open Mike Eagle, and Go Dreamer, in a segment titled “Rapper Warrior Ninja. His album Atrocity Exhibition was shortlisted by IMPALA (The Independent Music Companies Association) for the Album of the Year Award 2016, which rewards on a yearly basis the best album released on an independent European label. 2018–present: uknowhatimsayin¿
In August 2018, <mask> streamed via Twitch a collection of songs unofficially titled the "Twitch EP". In late April 2019, it was announced that <mask>'s fifth studio album, titled uknowhatimsayin¿, would be released later that year, featuring production from Q-Tip, JPEGMafia, and Paul White. In June 2019, Viceland announced that <mask> would star in a talk show titled "Danny's House" produced by Derrick Beckles. The show's first season began on August 14, 2019. Since August 12, 2019, he plays the character Griffin in Nathan Barnatt's web series Dad Feels and was featured in the song "Dad Feels Good".In December 2019, he appeared as himself in a Grand Theft Auto Online expansion as a radio host with Skepta. <mask> also lent his voice to Yung Ancestor, another fictional character in the game. In 2020, <mask> was

masks: Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown


title: Danny Brown

texts:
 once again featured on The Eric Andre Show, appearing with Talib Kweli as “Guest Judges” for the show’s recurring segment “Rapper Warrior Ninja”, after having been a contestant his previous appearance. In March 2021, he featured on the band Brockhampton’s first single from their album Roadrunner: New Light, New Machine called "Buzzcut". Personal life
In 2015, <mask> announced he was writing a children’s book intended for young black girls. <mask> is the father of a daughter, born in 2002. Discography

Studio albums
 The Hybrid (2010)
 XXX (2011)
 Old (2013)
 Atrocity Exhibition (2016)
 uknowhatimsayin¿ (2019)
 Quaranta (2022)

Awards and nominations

References

External links

 <mask> on Myspace
<mask> Interview 2013

1981 births
African-American male rappers
American male rappers
African-American songwriters
Alternative hip hop musicians
American rappers of Filipino descent
Living people
Midwest hip hop musicians
Rappers from Detroit
Songwriters from Michigan
Underground rappers
21st-century American rappers
21st-century American male musicians
Warp (record label) artists
Twitch (service) streamers
21st-century African-American musicians
20th-century African-American people
American male

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title: Randi Weingarten

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<mask> (born December 18, 1957) is an American labor leader, attorney, and educator. She is president of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) and a member of the AFL–CIO. She is the former president of the United Federation of Teachers. Early life
Rhonda "<mask><mask> was born in 1957 in New York City, to a Jewish family, Gabriel and Edith (Appelbaum<mask>. Her father was an electrical engineer and her mother a teacher. Weingarten grew up in Rockland County, New York, and attended Clarkstown High School North in New City, New York. A congregant of Congregation Beit Simchat Torah, she considers herself a deeply religious Jew.Weingarten's interest in trade unions and political advocacy was formed during childhood. Her mother's union went on a seven-week strike when Weingarten was in the eleventh grade. Under New York state's Taylor Law, her mother could have been fired for taking part in a strike. Instead, she was fined two days' pay for every day she was on strike. Later that year, the school board cut $2 million from the budget. Weingarten and several other students convinced the school board to let them conduct a survey regarding the impact of the cuts. The survey led several school board members to change their minds, and rescind the cuts.From 1979 to 1980, Weingarten was a legislative assistant for the Labor Committee of the New York State Senate. She received a B.S. degree in labor relations from the ILR School at Cornell University in 1980 and a J.D. degree from the Yeshiva University Cardozo School of Law in 1983. Legal career
<mask> worked as a lawyer for the firm of Stroock & Stroock & Lavan from 1983 to 1986, where she handled several acrimonious arbitration cases on behalf of the UFT. She was appointed an adjunct instructor at the

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Randi
" Weingarten
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Weingarten


title: Randi Weingarten

texts:
 Cardozo School of Law in 1986. She also worked as an attorney in the real estate department of Wien Malkin and Bettex.In 1986, Weingarten became counsel to Sandra Feldman, then-president of the UFT. Weingarten handled high-level grievances for the union. She was also lead counsel for the union in a number of lawsuits against New York City and the state of New York over school funding and school safety. By the early 1990s, she was the union's primary negotiator in UFT contract negotiations. Her negotiating positions became more aggressive throughout the 1990s. Teaching career
From 1991 to 1997 she taught at Clara Barton High School in Crown Heights, Brooklyn. The classes she taught included Law, Ethical Issues in Medicine, AP Political Science, and US History and Government.Her political science students competed in the We the People civics competition, winning the state championship in 1993-94 and 1994–95 and being fourth in the national championship in 1994–95. In 1995, <mask> was elected Assistant Secretary of the UFT. She continued teaching per diem from 1995 to 1997. UFT career
Elected the UFT's treasurer in 1997, Weingarten succeeded Sandra Feldman as president of the union a year later when Feldman was elected president of the national American Federation of Teachers. <mask> was elected a Vice President of the AFT the same year. Weingarten was reelected by consistently wide margins after her initial appointment in 1998. The local union's constitution required her to run for the UFT presidency within a year of her appointment.She received 74 percent of the vote against two opponents in 1999, and served the final two years of Feldman's term. She ran in 2001 for a full term and was re-elected. She won her third full three-year term with more than

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title: Randi Weingarten

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 88 percent of the vote, despite having two opposing candidates. On March 30, 2007, <mask> won reelection to a fourth term as UFT President, garnering 87 percent of the vote. <mask> stepped down from her post as president of the United Federation of Teachers on July 31, 2009. An opinion piece in the New York Post on January 16, 2011, characterized <mask>'s final paycheck from the UFT—which included payments for unused vacation days and sick time—as a $194,188 "golden parachute." Collective bargaining
Weingarten began negotiating her first contract as UFT president in 2000.Talks with the Giuliani administration began in early September 2000, but the contract expired on November 15, 2000, without a new agreement. By March 2001, the talks deadlocked and a state mediator was called in. Talks collapsed again on June 5, and <mask> asked for state arbitration. To pressure Giuliani, <mask> endorsed Alan Hevesi in the Democratic primary. In the run-off between Green and Ferrer, Weingarten endorsed Ferrer, who lost to Green. Michael Bloomberg defeated Green in the November 2001 election. Weingarten demanded a 22 percent wage hike; Giuliani offered 8 percent.Talks collapsed on March 9, and Weingarten began preparing the UFT for its first strike since the early 1970s. In the state arbitration panel's mid-April report, it advocated a major salary boost and a longer work week. Both sides agreed to a new collective bargaining agreement in June, raising wages 16 to 22 percent and lengthening the work week by 100 minutes. The UFT's contract expired on May 31, 2003. Once again, negotiations proved contentious. In January 2004, New York City School Chancellor Joel Klein proposed a merit-pay deal; in February, Mayor Bloomberg proposed replacing the union's 200-page

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title: Randi Weingarten

texts:
 at the non-profit company. <mask>'s largest organizing victory came when the UFT organized child care providers in New York City.The campaign began in 2005, and concluded in 2007. The organizing drive—the largest successful union campaign in the city since 1960, when the United Federation of Teachers itself was formed—added 28,000 workers to the union's 113,000 active and 56,000 retired members. AFT Presidency
On February 12, 2008, AFT President Edward J. McElroy announced he would retire at the union's regularly scheduled biennial convention in July. On July 14, Weingarten was elected to succeed him. She is the first openly gay individual to be elected president of a national American labor union. In her first year, she fought for resources to keep schools and other public institutions afloat during the ongoing fiscal crises, and started an AFT Innovation Fund to promote and disseminate innovative educational reforms by teachers and their union. Views

School reform
Weingarten advocates what she describes as a "bottom up" approach to education reform, and says that public officials should welcome the views—and account for the needs—of teachers when working to help schools better serve their students.She has, as AFT president, criticized state and federal reforms proposed by her opponents. The AFT, during Weingarten's presidency, has focused scrutiny on well-funded third parties that have attempted to influence education policy—with the Walton Foundation, the largest philanthropic donor in the United States, drawing particular scrutiny. In a 2015 report co-authored with In the Public Interest, the AFT decried the Walton Foundation's pursuit of what the report termed a "market-based model [that] will lead to ... the eventual elimination of public


title: Randi Weingarten

texts:
 "will dramatically reduce the loss of new teachers—nearly half of whom leave after fewer than five years—and the loss of knowledge that goes with it."Poverty and community schools
The AFT, under <mask>'s leadership, has worked to draw attention to economic inequalities within cities and regions that can hobble public schools. With school systems in the United States heavily reliant on local property taxes, systems that rely on depressed or depleted tax bases can find themselves without the financial resources available to comparatively wealthier districts. Philanthropic efforts in public schools, in Weingarten's view, have incorrectly focused on the educator's role in student performance—"what we now know is 10% of student achievement," she remarked in one interview—to the exclusion of underlying problems, such as poverty, that undermine student progress. "We need to ... treat kids that have the least, give them the most," says Weingarten—"not with a blank check, but actually figure out the supports they need so that they can climb up the ladder of opportunity." During <mask>'s presidency, the AFT has pushed for creating what the union calls "community schools": schools that serve as hubs for non-academic programs addressed to whole communities. Undergirding that concept is the understanding—as described by former Boston Public Schools superintendent Thomas W. Payzant, who implemented a community-school model in the city, in a 2005 book—that "students' noneducational realities, such as nutritional deficiencies, medical problems, safety concerns, even daily hunger, are daunting barriers that can obstruct even the most flexible educational program." To address those perceived needs, community schools offer 'wraparound services' that target identified


title: Randi Weingarten

texts: protection would hurt the quality of classroom instruction."We know that the states with the highest academic performance have the strongest due process protections for teachers," Weingarten wrote to Time magazine in 2014. "Research shows that our most at-risk kids need more-experienced teachers. But why would these teachers stay at schools with few tools, little support and no ability to voice their concerns?" Education policy proposals built around eliminating tenure have drawn derision from Weingarten as "faddish reforms" at the expense of what she terms "the most critical issues confronting American education": teacher training, education funding, school safety, and educational reinforcement at home. She downplays the idea of worker protections as obstacles to improving schools, describing tenure "not a job for life, [but] ensuring fairness and due process before someone can be fired, plain and simple." When United States Secretary of Education Arne Duncan issued a statement siding with a California superior court judge who ruled the state's teacher tenure protections unconstitutional, <mask> responded that Duncan had "added to the polarization" in debates over education policy, and charged that focusing on "quick fixes, blame games or silver bullets" such as ending tenure had "set us back in our effort to help all kids succeed." The AFT has worked, however, to reshape tenure in some states.In 2011 Weingarten offered a plan that would rely on a teacher-evaluation system with multiple parts—including assessment of student improvement on tests—to give tenured teachers rated unsatisfactory one year to improve, and allow the firing of teachers who fail to meet that deadline within the next 100 days. The proposal followed a 2008 agreement between


title: Randi Weingarten

texts:
 plans."Political activities
<mask> and the UFT endorsed Republican George Pataki for re-election as Governor of New York in 2002. Julia Levy reported in the New York Sun on February 1, 2005, that candidates for mayor of New York were meeting with Weingarten, and "political experts" were saying that "Weingarten has become something of a kingmaker." The UFT's endorsement, wrote Levy, meant "votes, campaign volunteers, and information." A lifelong Democrat, Weingarten is a member of the Democratic National Committee (DNC). She was an early and critically important supporter of Howard Dean as Chairman of the DNC. She is a superdelegate who was pledged to Hillary Clinton during the 2008 presidential primary. In January 2009, she was mentioned as a possible candidate in the appointment process to replace Clinton's U.S. Senate seat.In one of the Wikileaks emails from John Podesta, chair of the Hillary Clinton campaign, Weingarten states her desire to "go after" the National Nurses United union after their endorsement of Senator Bernie Sanders for President of the United States. In 2020, Weingarten was named a candidate for Secretary of Education in the Biden Administration. She was an elector for the State of New York in the 2020 United States Presidential Election. Criticism

Public school governance and oversight
In spring 1998 in the City Journal, the quarterly magazine of the conservative Manhattan Institute think tank, Sol Stern dismissed Weingarten's claim to support school reform as "pure union propaganda." Carl Campanile reported in the January 21, 2004, New York Post that Weingarten had called for union members to voice concerns by sending e-mails to the schools chancellor, Joel Klein, and Mayor Bloomberg  "about the micromanagement and


title: Randi Weingarten

texts: mismanagement issues that make your job more difficult this year." Pundit John Stossel wrote, in an opinion piece in the conservative New York Sun,  about a rally held by Weingarten at Madison Square Garden at which teachers demanded "a new contract and more money." Stossel said that the teachers unions "can pay for expensive rallies at 'the world's most famous arena' because every teacher in a unionized district like New York must give up some of his salary to the union.Even teachers who don't like the union, teachers who believe in school choice, and teachers who could make more on the open market must fork over their money to support the unions that fight against school choice and merit pay." Calling the present situation in New York schools a nightmare, Stossel wrote that "the unions fight to protect the nightmare" and mocked Weingarten's promise that the UFT would "police our own profession" with  "I'd like to police my own job, too. And I'll bet some students would just love to police their own homework!" He accused Weingarten of "protect[ing] incompetents" and "reward[ing] mediocrity." He said that he had "confronted Weingarten," telling her,  "Unionized monopolies like yours fail. In this case, it is the children who - who you are failing." She replied by rejecting the label "unionized monopoly" and by saying that her critics "don't really care about kids."The editorial board of the New York Post wrote, on February 28, 2007, about a planned gathering of opponents of Mayor Michael Bloomberg's public-school reform efforts, describing some of the participants as "a bought-and-paid-for chorus of false reformers" who "dance to the tunes of <mask> Weingarten ... who has been trying to derail real reform since Mayor Mike wrested control of the


title: Randi Weingarten

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 collective bargaining agreements she has negotiated, and linked class size to school repair and rebuilding issues. In 2003, Weingarten and the UFT pushed for a change to the New York City Charter which would force the city to reduce class sizes.The charter revision became caught in lawsuits and was eventually dropped, although Weingarten continued to advocate for smaller class sizes. A New York Sun editorial on May 20, 2003, questioned Weingarten's focus on this issue and challenged her argument that class size is a critical factor in learning, noting that "America has been reducing class sizes steadily for the last half century, with little to show in results." Teacher seniority
Weingarten has been a staunch supporter of the LIFO policy ("last in, first out"), otherwise known as teacher seniority. When Education Secretary Arne Duncan changed a February 2011 speech at the last minute to remove a negative reference to the LIFO policy, under which the last teacher to be hired must be the first one fired, the New York Post editorialized that the action "has the fingerprints of <mask> Weingarten and the American Federation of Teachers all over it." Asked in a 2011 Wall Street Journal interview about LIFO, Weingarten defended it, saying: "It's not the perfect mechanism but it's the best mechanism we have. You have cronyism and corruption and discrimination issues. We're saying let's do things the right way.We don't want to see people getting laid off based on who they know instead of what they know. We don't want to see people get laid off based on how much they cost." School building conditions
Poor schooling conditions, namely run-down public schools, have also drawn Weingarten's attention. The city of New York has neglected building conditions for


title: Brian Laws

texts:
<mask> (born 14 October 1961) is an English former footballer who was most recently the manager of Scunthorpe United. Playing as a defender, <mask> made over 100 appearances for each of Burnley, Middlesbrough, and Nottingham Forest. In 1994, <mask> became player-manager of Grimsby Town before taking a similar position with Scunthorpe United in 1997. For the next nine years, <mask> served as manager of Scunthorpe, guiding them to promotion twice. In 2006, he accepted the managerial role at Sheffield Wednesday, lasting three years in the job during which time Burnley approached him for their managers job when Steve Cotterill left, but were put off by the compensation demanded by Wednesday. Wednesday later struggled with financial problems and he was dismissed in December 2009 after a poor run of results. After only a brief spell out of the game, Burnley appointed <mask> as their manager, giving him his first chance to manage in the Premier League after Owen Coyle left the club for Bolton in January 2010 and took the entire management team with him.He was dismissed by the club in December that year. <mask> returned to manage Scunthorpe United in 2012 only to be dismissed in November 2013. Playing career
Born in Wallsend, Northumberland, <mask> began playing football at the famous Wallsend Boys Club. Aged 17 he signed his first professional contract with Burnley, joining the club as an apprentice. Over the following four seasons he made 181 appearances for the club and, despite his defensive role, scored fifteen goals. However, during this period the club's fortunes were in decline and, following relegation back to the old Third Division, Burnley sold <mask> across the Pennines to Huddersfield Town for only £10,000 in 1983. Two years later <mask> was sold again, moving to Middlesbrough for £30,000.After a short period <mask> became first choice in Middlesbrough's starting eleven, in his three seasons at the club he twice helped the team to promotion, firstly to the Second Division and then, just a year later, up to the old First Division. However, the club's

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title: Brian Laws

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 finances were not strong, and when Nottingham Forest offered £120,000 for his contract in 1988 Middlesbrough sold him to the Trentside club. On 14 July 1986, he famously applied to the Football League to have his contract cancelled and enable himself to leave Middlesbrough on a free transfer, as they were in liquidation and on the verge of losing their Football League status and going out of business at this stage. However, they were saved from closure the following month and <mask> remained part of the team who won promotion in the next two seasons to take them from the Third Division to the First. <mask> was part of <mask>'s successful Nottingham Forest team for six seasons, playing mainly as right full-back. He is sometimes credited as Forest's second-best right-back of all time behind regular England international Viv Anderson. During this time he won the League Cup twice and was runner up in the League Cup and FA Cup.Clough's first words to his new signing were "I've never seen you play, son, I'm going on the recommendation of Ronnie Fenton. So if you're crap, Ronnie signed you. If you're good, I signed you." <mask> was at Forest at the time of the Hillsborough disaster in the 1988–89 FA Cup semi final. The originally scheduled fixture had to be abandoned early in the game due to fans being fatally crushed in the Leppings Lane terracing. In the rescheduled fixture, <mask> scored an own goal; the game ended 3–1 to Liverpool. Forest were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1992–93 season and Clough retired, a year and a half later and with reduced first team opportunities, <mask> left on a free transfer to become player-manager at Grimsby Town.Managerial career
<mask> started his management career at Grimsby Town in 1994, replacing Alan Buckley who had moved to West Bromwich Albion. <mask>' management of Town was initially successful, but deteriorated after he clashed with Grimsby player Ivano Bonetti. <mask> reportedly threw a plate of chicken wings at the Italian following a 3–2 defeat at Luton Town in February 1996. <mask> was dismissed

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texts: by Grimsby after a poor start to the 96–97 season. He then had a short spell as a player with Darlington before taking charge of Scunthorpe United. At Scunthorpe <mask> achieved promotion twice, in 1999 and 2005 respectively. He was dismissed by the club in March 2004 but was reinstated three weeks later, leading them to promotion the following season.After nearly 10 years at Scunthorpe <mask> left the club in November 2006 to take over the manager's job at Sheffield Wednesday. Ex-Wednesday chairman Dave Allen, in an interview made before hiring <mask>, admitted that he liked him because of his <mask> management style. He said "I like him, he comes from the Clough camp, I'm a great admirer of the Clough camp". On 7 February 2009, <mask> became the first Sheffield Wednesday Manager for 95 years to do the league double over their neighbours Sheffield United, therefore making sure his name goes down in Wednesday history. <mask> however came under increasing pressure from Wednesday fans to depart at the start of December, after a poor run of results which saw the Owls drop to 20th along with four straight home defeats. <mask> left Sheffield Wednesday on 13 December 2009 by mutual consent after a run of bad results. Sheffield Wednesday were relegated in 2010 after failing to win in their last game against Crystal Palace.In January 2010, <mask> was linked with a surprise return to his first club Burnley as manager, this following the departure of Owen Coyle to Bolton Wanderers. On 13 January, <mask> was appointed as the new manager of Burnley. They lost 15 of their remaining 18 Premier League games, plummeting from mid table in January to the relegation zone; their relegation being confirmed with two matches remaining. Despite this setback, the Burnley board of directors agreed that <mask> would be in charge of the team for the quest to regain top flight status in 2010–11. In summer 2010 he let a number of older players go and sold Steven Fletcher to Wolves. In pre-season he has had a successful start winning all games, bar one draw. <mask> made a number of signings

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title: Brian Laws

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 during the summer transfer window, including Chris Iwelumo from Wolves and Ross Wallace from local rivals Preston North End.<mask> managed his 700th league game in a 4–0 win over Hull City. However, after a poor run of results that left Burnley 9th in the Championship, after the 2–0 loss to Scunthorpe United which saw Burnley fans calling for his dismissal, on 29 December 2010 it was announced that <mask> had been dismissed from the club. On 17 September 2012, <mask> was appointed Director of Football at Shamrock Rovers until the end of the 2012 League of Ireland season. On 29 October 2012, <mask> returned as manager of League One Scunthorpe United, following the dismissal of Alan Knill. In November 2013 he was dismissed by Scunthorpe following the side's FA Cup defeat by local rivals Grimsby Town. He currently provides analysis and co-commentary on Nottingham Forest matches for BBC Radio Nottingham and Sheffield Wednesday matches on BBC Radio Sheffield. <mask> has two children from his late first wife and a son with his second wife, Jane.in November 2016, <mask> revealed to Sheffield Live TV that he underwent double heart bypass surgery. Managerial statistics

Honours

As a player
Nottingham Forest
Football League Cup: 1988–89, 1989–90
Full Members Cup: 1988–89, 1991–92

As a manager
Scunthorpe United
Football League Third Division play-offs: 1998–99

Individual
Football League One Manager of the Month: April 2005, September 2006

References

External links

1961 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Wallsend
English footballers
Association football defenders
Wallsend Boys Club players
Burnley F.C. players
Huddersfield Town A.F.C. players
Middlesbrough F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
Grimsby Town F.C. players
Darlington F.C.players
Scunthorpe United F.C. players
Premier League players
English football managers
Grimsby Town F.C. managers
Scunthorpe United F.C. managers
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. managers
Burnley F.C. managers
Shamrock Rovers F.C. managers
Premier League managers
English Football League managers
League of Ireland managers
FA Cup

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Laws
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Laws
Laws
Personal Laws
Laws


title: Angus Brandt

texts:
<mask> (born 26 October 1989) is an Australian professional basketball player for the Kagawa Five Arrows of the Japanese B.League. He played college basketball for Oregon State University before beginning his professional career with the Sydney Kings in 2014. After two seasons with the Kings, he joined the Perth Wildcats, where he won two NBL championships in three years. He has also had stints in Lithuania, New Zealand and Italy. Early life
Born in Sydney, New South Wales, <mask> grew up in the Blue Mountains region. Living in his hometown of Springwood, he attended Blaxland High School in Blaxland, where he graduated from in 2007. In 2008, <mask> moved to the United States to attend Lake Forest Academy in Lake Forest, Illinois for a prep season in 2008–09.In his one-season playing for Lake Forest, he averaged 15 points and 10 rebounds per game for coach Matt Vaughn. College career
As a freshman at Oregon State in 2009–10, <mask> played sparingly for a Beavers team that finished the season with a 14–18 win/loss record. In 26 games (two starts), he averaged 1.1 points and 1.1 rebounds in 9.2 minutes per game. As a sophomore in 2010–11, <mask> earned first-team Pac-12 All-Academic honors, while also earning a bigger role on the team which led to higher production value. In 29 games (21 starts), he averaged 4.8 points and 2.5 rebounds in 16.0 minutes per game. As a junior in 2011–12, <mask> led the team in three-point field goal percentage with 49.2 percent (29-for-59), finished ninth in the Pac-12 in field goal percentage with 53.5 percent (122-for-228), and earned Pac-12

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title: Angus Brandt

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 All-Academic Honorable Mention honors. In 36 games (35 starts), he averaged 9.1 points, 3.4 rebounds and 1.1 assists in 23.2 minutes per game.On 16 November 2012, <mask> suffered an isolated tear of the ACL in his right knee against Purdue that required surgery and forced him to miss the remainder of the 2012–13 season. He was later granted medical hardship by the Pac-12 Faculty Athletics Representative Committee and deemed eligible to play in 2013–14. In four games (all starts), he averaged 11.3 points, 8.5 rebounds, 1.8 assists, 1.0 steals and 1.3 blocks in 30.5 minutes per game. He was again named to the Pac-12 All-Academic Honorable Mention team. As a redshirted senior in 2013–14, <mask> finished 11th in the Pac-12 in field goal percentage with 51.1 percent (138-for-265), and earned second-team Pac-12 All-Academic honors. On 18 December 2013, he recorded a career-high 27 points against Towson. In 30 games (all starts), he averaged 12.6 points, 3.9 rebounds and 1.5 assists in 25.4 minutes per game.Professional career

Sydney Kings (2014–2016)
On 16 June 2014, <mask> signed a three-year deal with the Sydney Kings of the National Basketball League. The following month, he joined the Penrith Panthers of the Waratah League in preparation for the 2014–15 NBL season. With the Panthers, he played alongside his brother, Louis. In six games for the Panthers, he averaged 25.3 points and 10.2 rebounds per game. A knee injury suffered on New Year's Eve saw <mask> miss seven matches during his rookie season with the Kings. Despite this, he was named NBL Rookie of the Year for the

masks: Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt


title: Angus Brandt

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 2014–15 season, averaging 7.4 points and four rebounds per game while shooting at nearly 50 per cent from the field over 21 games. He went on to play all 28 games for the Kings in 2015–16, averaging 8.1 points, 5.3 rebounds and 1.2 blocks per game.Lithuania (2016)
On 23 February 2016, <mask> signed with Neptūnas Klaipėda of Lithuania for the rest of the 2015–16 LKL season. He helped Neptūnas reach the LKL Finals, where they were defeated 4–1 in the best-of-seven series by Žalgiris. In 21 games, <mask> averaged 4.6 points and 3.8 rebounds per game. Perth Wildcats and Hawke's Bay Hawks (2016–2019)

On 12 May 2016, <mask> signed a two-year deal with the Perth Wildcats. His first season with the Wildcats saw him improve as the year went on, as he had a number of memorable performances as the Wildcats faced clutch games towards the end of the season. On 20 January 2017, <mask> played a season-high 30 minutes off the bench and had season-best figures of 17 points and 11 rebounds in an 84–78 overtime win over the Cairns Taipans. The Wildcats finished the regular season in third place with a 15–13 record, and went on to sweep the second-seeded Taipans in the semi-finals to make it through to the best-of-five NBL Grand Final series against the Illawarra Hawks.In game two of the series, <mask> stepped up to cover the loss of Matthew Knight, who suffered a head injury. <mask> recorded 15 points and 11 rebounds to help the Wildcats take a 2–0 lead in the series. The Wildcats took out the championship in game three with a 95–86 win, thus sweeping the series. <mask> had six points,

masks: Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt


title: Angus Brandt

texts: seven rebounds and four assists in 20 minutes off the bench in game three. He appeared in all 33 games for the Wildcats in 2016–17, averaging 6.0 points, 2.9 rebounds and 1.1 assists per game. His development as the season went on saw him earn the Perth Wildcats Most Improved Player Award. On 17 July 2017, <mask> signed a two-year contract extension with the Wildcats.<mask> turned the hook shot into his trademark during the 2017–18 season. On 16 February 2018, in the Wildcats' second last game of the season, <mask> scored 24 points in a 97–85 loss to Melbourne United. The Wildcats finished the regular season in third place with a 16–12 record before going on to lose 2–0 to the Adelaide 36ers in the semi-finals. <mask> appeared in all 30 games for the Wildcats in 2017–18, averaging 9.8 points, 4.7 rebounds and 1.4 assists per game. Following the conclusion of the Wildcats' season, <mask> joined the Hawke's Bay Hawks for the 2018 New Zealand NBL season. On 4 May, in just his third game of the season, <mask> scored a season-high 23 points to go with 14 rebounds in a 90–87 win over the Taranaki Mountainairs. On 16 June, he recorded 22 points and a season-high 17 rebounds in a 93–84 win over the Super City Rangers.On 27 July, he had a second 17-rebound effort to go with 14 points against the Canterbury Rams. He helped the Hawks finish the regular season in fourth place with a 12–6 record. In their semi-final against the Wellington Saints, <mask> scored 16 points in a 99–73 loss. In 17 games, he averaged 15.2 points, 8.4 rebounds and 1.6 assists per game. He was subsequently


title: Angus Brandt

texts:
 named to the NZNBL All-Star Five. On 19 September 2018, <mask> was ruled out for three to six weeks with an ankle injury he suffered while playing for the Australian Boomers. He subsequently missed the NBL Blitz and NBA pre-season games.On 27 October 2018, <mask> recorded 14 points and 20 rebounds (12 of them offensive) in a 101–96 double-overtime win over Melbourne United, becoming the first Wildcat with 20+ rebounds in 12 years. On 10 February 2019, he recorded 19 points and nine rebounds in a 95–86 overtime win over the Sydney Kings. He helped the Wildcats win the minor premiership with a first-place finish and an 18–10 record, before going on to advance through to the NBL Grand Final series, where they defeated Melbourne 3–1, with <mask> becoming a two-time champion. In 31 games, he averaged 8.0 points, 5.5 rebounds and 1.3 assists per game. On 29 March 2019, <mask> parted ways with the Wildcats after opting to exercise the European out-clause in his contract. On 26 April 2019, <mask> returned to the Hawke's Bay Hawks, signing as a short-term injury replacement for Daniel Kickert. He appeared in two games for the Hawks.China (2019)
In June 2019, <mask> joined Wuhan Dangdai of the Chinese NBL. In 13 games, he averaged 20.3 points, 15.2 rebounds and 1.8 assists per game. Italy (2019–2020)
On 20 July 2019, <mask> signed with Italian team Pistoia Basket 2000. The 2019–20 LBA season was cancelled in February 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic. In 19 games, he averaged 11.0 points, 7.9 rebounds and 1.5 assists per game. Japan (2020–present)
On 17 August 2020, <mask>

masks: Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt Brandt


title: Angus Brandt

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 signed with the Shiga Lakestars of the Japanese B.League. In 56 games, he averaged 11.9 points, 8.6 rebounds and 3.3 assists per game.On 25 June 2021, <mask> signed with the Kagawa Five Arrows, returning to the B.League for a second stint. National team career
In 2011, <mask> was part of the Australian University national team that played at the 26th World University Games in Shenzhen, China. In 2014, he was part of the Boomers team that played in the four-game Sino-Australia Challenge series. In June 2017, <mask> was named in a 20-man Boomers squad ahead of the 2017 FIBA Asia Cup. A month later, he was named in the final 12-man squad. On 24 October 2017, he was named in the 12-man Boomers squad to compete in the first two games of the FIBA World Cup Qualifiers in November. In February 2022, <mask> was named in a 17-man Australian Boomers squad ahead of the FIBA World Cup Qualifiers in Japan.Personal life
<mask> is the son of John and <mask>, and has two brothers, Seamus and Louis. Notes

References

External links

Kagawa Five Arrows player profile
Pistoia Basket 2000 player profile
Perth Wildcats player profile
Sydney Kings player profile
OSU Beavers player bio
"Building a Champion <mask>" at nbl.com.au
"Brandt Recognition" at nbl.com.au

1989 births
Living people
Australian expatriate basketball people in Italy
Australian expatriate basketball people in Japan
Australian expatriate basketball people in Lithuania
Australian expatriate basketball people in the United States
Australian men's basketball players
Basketball players at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Basketball

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title: Abu Ayyub al-Ansari

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<mask>-Ansari  (, , died c. 674) — born Khalid bin Zayd bin Kulayb bin Thaalba () in Yathrib — hailed from the tribe of Banu Najjar, was a close companion (Arabic: الصحابه, sahaba) and the standard-bearer of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. <mask> was one of the Ansar (Arabic: الأنصار, meaning aiders, helpers or patrons) of the early Islamic history, those who supported Muhammad after the hijra (migration) to Medina in 622. The patronym <mask>b, means father (abu) of Ayyub. <mask> died of illness during the First Arab Siege of Constantinople. Biography
<mask> was born in Medina, Hejaz as Khalid bin Zayd to Najjar family of Banu Khazraj, <mask>b was the head of his family, he was one of the chosen elders in Medina who went to the valley of Aqaba and pledged allegiance to Islam at the hands of Muhammad, who named him <mask>i. After the migration, Muhammad united Muhajiruns and Ansars into the single allegiance, <mask>oth, son of Ishmael, through al-Azd, the parent tribe of Banu Najjar. Conversion to Islam
When Muhammad arrived in Medina, all of the inhabitants of the city offered to accommodate him.It is said that the camel was commanded by Allah so Prophet Muhammad let the camel decide to walk where it chose and to stay at whomsoever's house it stopped. The camel stopped at the house of <mask> al-Ansari, a member of the Banu Najjar, who were regarded as the best of the tribes of Medina. Though <mask> al-Ansari had prepared meals for only

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title: Abu Ayyub al-Ansari

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 Muhammad and <mask>r, Muhammad directed that everyone in the neighborhood be invited to partake in the meal. To everyone's surprised delight, all of the approximately 180 people who came were able to eat to their satisfaction. This was deemed to be a miracle. Head in Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
Waqif of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi:
The land of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi belonged to two young orphans, Sahal and Suhayl, and when they came to know that Muhammad wished to acquire their land for the purposes of erecting a mosque, they went to Muhammad and offered the land to him as gift; Muhammad insisted on fixing and paying a price for the land precisely because they were orphaned children. The ultimately agreed purchase price was paid by <mask> al-Ansari who thus became the واقِف (waqif, or creator of an endowment or mortmain; donor) of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi on behalf of, or in favor of, Muhammad.He was chosen as the Rashidun governor of Medina, specially in the caliphate of Ali ibn Abi Talib. Life in Egypt
Following the Muslim conquest of Egypt, <mask> moved to Fustat, where he lived in a house adjacent to the mosque of Amr bin Al'aas that had been completed in 642. Several other notable companions were his neighbors, including Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, Ubaida, <mask>, Abdullah ibn Umar and Abdullah ibn Amr bin Al'aas. He also led a distinguished military career, regarding which it was said, "He did not stay away from any battle in which the Muslims engaged from the

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title: Abu Ayyub al-Ansari

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 time of Muhammad to the time of Muawiyah I, unless he was at the same time, engaged in another battle being fought elsewhere." Last military campaign

In a hadith in Qital al-Rome, a chapter of Sahih Muslim, Muhammad prophesied that the first army to conquer Constantinople will enter Paradise. Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari records a number of raids against the Byzantine Empire under the period A.H. 49 (9/2/669 - 28/1/670). Though <mask> was by then an old man, that did not deter him from enlisting.Shortly after engaging in battle, it is recorded that he fell ill and had to withdraw. The chief of army staff Yazid ibn Muawiya asked, "Do you need anything, <mask>?" To which <mask> replied, "Convey my salaams (Islamic greeting and farewell) to the Muslim armies and tell them, "<mask>b urges you to penetrate deep into enemy territory, as far as you can go; and that you should carry him with you, and that you should bury me under your feet at the walls of Constantinople." At this, he died. Yazid ordered the Muslim army to fulfill his request, and they pushed back the enemy's forces until they reached the walls of Constantinople where <mask> was finally interred. About this battle, Aslam ibn 'Imran narrates that when they were fighting the Byzantines, a Muslim soldier penetrated deep into enemy ranks. The people exclaimed, "Subhan Allah!He has contributed to his own destruction." <mask> al-Ansari stood up and answered, "O people! You give this

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title: Abu Ayyub al-Ansari

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 interpretation to this verse, whereas it was revealed concerning us the Ansar. When Allah had actually given honor to Islam and its supporters had become many, some of us secretly said to one another, 'Our wealth has been depleted, and Allah has given honor to Islam and its supporters have become many, let us stay amidst our wealth and make up what has been depleted of it.' Thereupon, Allah revealed to Muhammad, 'And spend in the Path of God (فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ), and do not contribute to your own destruction / And spend in the way of Allah and do not throw [yourselves] with your [own] hands into destruction [by refraining]. '," refuting what we had said. So, destruction lay in staying with our wealth and repleting it and abandoning combat.Mosque and türbe

After the Conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks, a tomb was constructed above <mask>'s grave and a mosque built in his honor by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror. From that point on, the area now known as the locality of Eyüp has become sacred and many Ottoman officials requested burial in proximity of <mask>. His tomb was discovered by the Ottoman saint Akşemseddin. The tomb was rebuilt by Sultan Mahmud II in 1882, This mosque was the traditional site for the coronation ceremony of the Ottoman Sultans, where each new Sultan was girded with the Sword of Osman, the founder of the Ottoman Empire, obeying the order of Sheikh Edebali, Osman I also went to the tomb of <mask> al-Ansari.

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title: Abu Ayyub al-Ansari

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 Some hadith narrated by <mask>
<mask> al-Ansari is credited with narrating many sayings of Muhammad. Well-known examples of these include:

 The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "It is not permissible for a Muslim to shun his brother for more than three nights. When they meet, this one turns away (from that one) and that one turns away (from this one) and the best of them is the one who greets his brother first."<mask> al-Ansari narrates that on the night of Mi'raj, Muhammad passed by Ibrahim (Abraham). Ibrahim asked, "O Jibreel, who is with you?" Jibreel answered, "Muhammad." Ibrahim said to him, "Command your Ummah to plant trees of Paradise in abundance, as the soil of Paradise is fertile and its plain is spacious." It was asked, "Which are the trees of Paradise?" He replied, "La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah (Arabic لا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله)." See also
 Dhikr
 Salaf
 Sunni view of the Sahaba

Notes

Bibliography

 Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, History v. 18 "Between Civil Wars: The Caliphate of Mu'awiyah," transl.Michael G. Morony, SUNY Press, Albany, 1987. Muhammad Ibn Sa'd, Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabir, np, nd. Prof. Philip K. Hitti, A History of the Arabs, Macmillan, London, 1951 rev.ed. Companions of the Prophet

674 deaths
7th-century Arabs
People from Medina
Najjarite people
Ansar (Islam)
Sunni Muslims
Medieval Arabs killed in battle
Muslim martyrs
Burials at Eyüp Cemetery
Arab people of the Arab–Byzantine wars
Rashidun governors


title: Joseph Strelley Harris

texts:
<mask> (1811–1889) was a pastoralist in Western Australia. Between 1840 and 1888, he was a resident magistrate, serving in the towns of Williams, Toodyay, Busselton and Kojonup. Early life

<mask> was born on 23 November 1811 to Dr <mask> and Lucy ( <mask>). In 1833, he arrived with his parents at Fremantle on the Cygnet, and moved to Guildford. Drover and pastoralist

In 1838 he was contracted to deliver mail from Albany to Perth, and in 1839 pioneered the droving of sheep from Albany to the Avon and Swan districts. He also drove stock from Swan to York, although losing many of them to poison. By 1839, <mask> was a pastoralist at the farming town of Williams.While based there he met with the botanist James Drummond who was on one of his collecting expeditions from his home Hawthornden in Toodyay. The men shared an interest in the causes of stock poisoning and conducted experiments with the known poison plants in the region. Resident magistrate

In 1840 <mask> was appointed acting resident magistrate in Williams, then resident magistrate in Toodyay from 1850 until early 1861 when he was transferred to Busselton. He also served at Kojonup for a time. Although known for his sociability, <mask> was regarded as an "eccentric, tactless man, unpopular with people in authority for the unsolicited advice he offered, on subjects ranging from roadmaking to Aboriginal farm settlements, and from mail routes to commercial hunting of kangaroos". However, as a former pastoralist and drover, <mask> must have gained practical experience about some of these matters before becoming involved with government bureaucracy. Toodyay

<mask> arrived in Toodyay in August 1850 following the death of the previous resident magistrate, Frederick Slade.Slade and those before him had

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title: Joseph Strelley Harris

texts: been retired naval or army officers who had been granted large tracts of land in lieu of a pension. Their role was to represent the law and provide annual reports about the district to the colonial secretary. Initially, while the population was relatively small, the workload was light and business was conducted from home. When <mask> arrived he found there was no residence for the magistrate so he had to stay in one of the wayside inns. This was the cause of one of his early altercations with the locals. He found these establishments lacking suitable accommodation for travellers, so on 30 December, the day licenses were renewed and when the locals came to town to celebrate the end of the year, he refused to grant the inn owners their license to trade. This resulted in an uproar, with a petition circulated on New Year's Day refuting his claims.<mask> rented a cottage from James Drummond Jnr of Hawthornden, and as his workload increased he engaged John Acton Wroth as his secretary and clerk in court. In June 1850 convicts had begun arriving in the Swan River Colony and were despatched to the rural settlements, including Toodyay, where a temporary hiring depot were set up in what is now West Toodyay. <mask> was charged with finding a suitable place for a permanent convict hiring depot, and in 1852 a site was selected  upstream from the town. As <mask> settled into his role and was able to assess local conditions he reported back to the colonial government with suggestions for improvements. This included the need for a better route to Toodyay to avoid the steep descent at Jimperding. A new route was eventually surveyed that passed through the depot site before heading to the Toodyay settlement. Originally called New Road, it was renamed Stirling Terrace

masks: Harris Harris Harris Harris


title: Joseph Strelley Harris

texts: after the new town of Newcastle, gazetted in 1860, was established around the convict depot.Some of <mask>'s proposals to the government related to bushfire control. This was a necessity given the destructive fires that regularly occurred during the hot dry summer season. After a particularly destructive bushfire in November 1850, <mask> wanted an Act of Council that would require settlers to create firebreaks around their properties and along the lines of roads, whether public or private; and to compel settlers to provide assistance to their neighbours if there was a fire within two or three miles of their property. Failure to help would incur a heavy fine. Another initiative was a fire brigade, made up of ticket-of-leave holders and Aboriginals, that could be hired from the depot. The brigade received rations and a small monthly allowance from the government. When there were no destructive fires during the 1852–53 summer <mask> reported that "the warm and well clothed appearance of the country now, as compared to its blackened face three years back, ought to be convincing proof of the utility of the Fire Brigade."The following year Governor Charles Fitzgerald ended the contribution, as a cost-cutting measure and because of concern settlers in other towns might want to set up fire brigades requiring government support. As the government had assigned extra police to the Toodyay and Northam area, it instructed that daily bushfire patrols were to be added to their duties in summer, including the apprehension of anyone found deliberately lighting a fire. There were bad feelings between the police and <mask>, and when a huge bushfire broke out and burnt a large swathe of countryside from Northam to Bolgart (a settlement north of Toodyay), the police made


title: Joseph Strelley Harris

texts:
 no attempt to find the culprit. After this <mask> gained permission for the convicts at the depot to be called out to fight fires. After the devastation of the 1856 Coondle bushfire, local fire-fighting teams were organised by the leading settlers in the district. <mask> was president of the Toodyay, Northam & Victoria Plains Agricultural Society. While resident magistrates were expected to contribute their time to local boards and organisations, they were also required to be generous subscribers to the development of their district.<mask> had limited means and found this a drain on his income. He sought a government allowance to cover these expenses citing examples such as  "£5 to the school, £5 to the exploration fund, and £1 to the purchase of the cemetery land at 'Nardie. Other subscriptions were in the wings for the parsonage, the public library and the services of a doctor. Busselton

In 1861 <mask> was transferred to Busselton, his last posting as a resident magistrate. He had a number of disputes with the Town Trust members and its chairman, David Earnshaw, over the new Queen Street (Busselton's main thoroughfare), and organised the volunteer effort responsible for planting the street's picturesque avenue of peppermint trees. He proposed the laying of the main road from Busselton to Bridgetown. When he retired in 1888, a profile written by the Busselton correspondent for the Western Mail indicates <mask>'s personality and style of governing had not changed.<mask> died on 9 December 1889. References

Erickson, Rica, Eye of the Law – Resident Magistrates of Toodyay. Unpublished manuscript owned by Toodyay Historical Society. 1811 births
1889 deaths
People from Toodyay, Western Australia
People from Busselton
Resident magistrates of Western

masks: Harris Harris Harris Harris Harris Harris


title: Al Gore

texts: <mask>. (born March 31, 1948) is an American politician and environmentalist who served as the 45th vice president of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under president Bill Clinton. <mask> was the Democratic nominee for the 2000 presidential election, losing to George W. Bush in a very close race after a Florida recount. <mask> was an elected official for 24 years. He was a representative from Tennessee (1977–1985) and from 1985 to 1993 served as a senator from that state. He served as vice president during the Clinton administration from 1993 to 2001, defeating incumbents George H. W. Bush and Dan Quayle in 1992, and Bob Dole and Jack Kemp in 1996. The 2000 presidential election was one of the closest presidential races in history. <mask> and his running mate Joe Lieberman won the popular vote, but after a controversial election dispute over a Florida recount (settled by the U.S. Supreme Court, which ruled 5–4 in favor of Bush), he lost the election to Republican opponent George W. Bush in the Electoral College.After his term as vice-president ended in 2001, <mask> remained prominent as an author and environmental activist, whose work in climate change activism earned him (jointly with the IPCC) the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. <mask> is the founder and current chair of The Climate Reality Project, the co-founder and chair of Generation Investment Management, the now-defunct Current TV network, a member of the Board of Directors of Apple Inc. and a senior adviser to Google. <mask> is also a partner in the venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins, heading its climate change solutions group. He has served as a visiting professor at Middle Tennessee State University, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, Fisk

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Albert Arnold Gore Jr
Gore
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title: Al Gore

texts:
 University and the University of California, Los Angeles. He served on the Board of Directors of World Resources Institute. <mask> has received a number of awards that include the Nobel Peace Prize (joint award with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007), a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album (2009) for his book An Inconvenient Truth, a Primetime Emmy Award for Current TV (2007), and a Webby Award (2005). <mask> was also the subject of the Academy Award winning (2007) documentary An Inconvenient Truth in 2006, as well as its 2017 sequel An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power.In 2007, he was named a runner-up for Time'''s 2007 Person of the Year. In 2008, <mask> won the Dan David Prize for Social Responsibility. Early life and education

<mask> was born on March 31, 1948, in Washington, D.C., the second of two children of <mask> Sr., a U.S. Representative who later served for 18 years as a U.S. Senator from Tennessee, and Pauline (LaFon<mask>, one of the first women to graduate from Vanderbilt University Law School. <mask> is a descendant of Scots Irish immigrants who first settled in Virginia in the mid-17th-century and moved to Tennessee after the Revolutionary War. His older sister Nancy LaFon <mask> died of lung cancer. During the school year he lived with his family in The Fairfax Hotel in the Embassy Row section in Washington D.C. During the summer months, he worked on the family farm in Carthage, Tennessee where the <mask>s grew tobacco and hay and raised cattle.<mask> attended St. Albans School, an independent college preparatory day and boarding school for boys in Washington, D.C. from 1956 to 1965, a prestigious feeder school for the Ivy League. He was the captain of the football team, threw discus

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title: Al Gore

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 for the track and field team and participated in basketball, art, and government. He graduated 25th in a class of 51, applied to one college, Harvard University, and was accepted. Harvard, the Vietnam War, journalism, and Vanderbilt (1965–1976)

Harvard
<mask> enrolled in Harvard College in 1965; he initially planned to major in English and write novels but later decided to major in government. On his second day on campus, he began campaigning for the freshman student government council and was elected its president. <mask> was an avid reader who fell in love with scientific and mathematical theories, but he did not do well in science classes and avoided taking math. During his first two years, his grades placed him in the lower one-fifth of his class.During his second year, he reportedly spent much of his time watching television, shooting pool and occasionally smoking marijuana. In his junior and senior years, he became more involved with his studies, earning As and Bs. In his senior year, he took a class with oceanographer and global warming theorist Roger Revelle, who sparked <mask>'s interest in global warming and other environmental issues.Turque, Inventing <mask>, p. 59. <mask> earned an A on his thesis, "The Impact of Television on the Conduct of the Presidency, 1947–1969", and graduated with an A.B. cum laude in June 1969.Turque, Inventing <mask>, p. 388. <mask> was in college during the era of anti Vietnam War protests. He was against that war, but he disagreed with the tactics of the student protest movement.He thought that it was silly and juvenile to use a private university as a venue to vent anger at the war. He and his friends did not participate in Harvard demonstrations. John Tyson, a former roommate,

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title: Al Gore

texts:
 recalled that "We distrusted these movements a lot ... We were a pretty traditional bunch of guys, positive for civil rights and women's rights but formal, transformed by the social revolution to some extent but not buying into something we considered detrimental to our country." <mask> helped his father write an anti war address to the Democratic National Convention of 1968 but stayed with his parents in their hotel room during the violent protests. Military service

When <mask> graduated in 1969, he immediately became eligible for the military draft. His father, a vocal anti Vietnam War critic, was facing a reelection in 1970. <mask> eventually decided that enlisting in the Army would be the best course between serving his country, his personal values and interests.Although nearly all of his Harvard classmates avoided the draft and service in Vietnam, <mask> believed if he found a way around military service, he would be handing an issue to his father's Republican opponent. According to <mask>'s Senate biography, "He appeared in uniform in his father's campaign commercials, one of which ended with his father advising: 'Son, always love your country'." Despite this, <mask>. lost the election to an opponent who vastly out-fundraised him. This opponent was later found by the Watergate commission to have accepted illegal money from Nixon's operatives. <mask> has said that his other reason for enlisting was that he did not want someone with fewer options than him to go in his place. Actor Tommy Lee Jones, a former college housemate, recalled <mask> saying that "if he found a fancy way of not going, someone else would have to go in his place". His Harvard advisor, Richard Neustadt, also stated that <mask> decided, "that he would

masks:
Gore
Gore
Gore
Gore
Gore
Gore Sr
Gore
Gore
Gore