title: Giovanni Trapattoni

texts:
 his fluid zona mista system; the latter system made use of a sweeper, a man-marking centre-back – or stopper –, two full-backs, a defensive midfielder, a regista or attacking midfielder, a second striker, and two wingers behind a lone striker or centre-forward, although players would often switch positions in this system, with only the stopper having a fixed role. Trapattoni was noted throughout his career for his ideological confrontations with more attack-minded managers he faced, most famously Johan Cruyff, a rivalry that started in their playing days, with Trapattoni remembering that, in order to stop Cruyff in a match between Italy and the Netherlands, he had to resort to "dirty" tactics, such as pulling at his shirt.<mask>'s tactics throughout his long and successful managerial career focused on some of the following themes:

 "A coach must train [the players] with simplicity and establish clear rules when building the team. This simplicity can be expressed through the formulation of a strategy with patterns and tactics based on the following principles: never haggle and delay excessively, pass the ball in depth to verticalise as quickly as possible, control the pace of the game, limit risks, mark behind the ball, use on-field tactical communication to help your players, be alert to the [opposing] team's weaknesses and strengths
 "The tactics must focus on the pressure to recover the ball and then quickly develop the offensive action"
 Ball possession isn't important in itself and sometimes it can be counter-productive "like a person who talks too much". It is better "to have 0% of the possession and 100% of the goals"
 Strong emphasis on training the team in set pieces


title: Ivan Štraus

type: original

texts:
<mask> (24 July 1928 – 24 August 2018) was a Bosnian architect. Life
Born in 1928, in Kremna, Zlatibor county, Serbia, to a Slovenian father and mother from Herzegovina. He identified as a "Bosnian of Slovenian and Herzegovinian descent". <mask> grew up in Banja Luka. He started architectural studies in Zagreb in 1947 and graduated in 1958 from the Technology Faculty of the University of Sarajevo in the city of Sarajevo, where he taught as an assistant. From 1952 he began making deals for participating architectural tenders, and from 1959 to 1961 and then from 1965 to 1984 he worked for the Arhitekt studio in Sarajevo. Since then he has won 30 major awards for architecture and has won many national and international tenders.<mask> wrote this in his diary as he watched the Unis towers burn on June 8, 1992, at the start of the Bosnian war: "I watched with immeasurable sadness. (...) The moments of its construction and my pride of the two (towers) passed in front of my eyes like on film roll, while one of them lit up tonight like a torch." In his last years, Štraus suffered injustice due to a process he undertook against the current owners of the Unis towers in Sarajevo (now Unitic). Štraus sued for not adhering to his original plans during their reconstruction and lost the case. Repeated requests to the owners of Unitic to forgive the debt due to the lost case were unanimously declined. According to Oslobođenje, "His architectural masterpieces and inexhaustible creativity shaped one architectural era in the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Academician Strauss gave the city Neymarian pearls, some of which, like the Holiday Inn or UNITIC, became symbols of the city on Miljacka."He died on 24 August 2018 in Sarajevo, exactly one month after turning 90 years old in July. He was buried four days

masks:
Ivan Štraus
Štraus
Štraus


title: Ivan Štraus

texts:
 “Yugoslav Architecture 1977-1984” in New York, “11 Prominent Architects of Yugoslavia” in Belgrade and “Architects-Academics of Bosnia and Herzegovina” in Sarajevo, Zagreb, Budapest and Maribor. In 1965 <mask> was awarded by the City of Sarajevo April 6th Award; in 1978 he received the Award of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina for his architectural oeuvre; in 1990 he got the BORBA Federal Award for the best architectural achievement in Yugoslavia in the previous year - the Museum of Aviation in Belgrade. Since 1984 he was corresponding member and since 1995 regular member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2012, he became the foreign member of Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. He also issued a series of scientific books and articles on architecture, among others:
 New Architecture of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1977
 "The Architecture of the twentieth century" in the edition of Art in Yugoslavia, 1987
 15 Years of Bosnian and Herzegovinian Architecture, 1987. The Architecture of Yugoslavia 1945-1990, 1991.The Architect and the Barbarians (memoirs, published in Bosnian and French), 1995. Architecture of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1945-1995, 1998
 <mask>, architect/‘52-’02, ANUBiH, 2002
 99 Architects of Sarajevo Circle 1930-1990, 2010

Reception

In 1984 the Academician Husref Redžić from Sarajevo wrote about <mask>, for the proposal for candidacy for his election to the Academy of Sciences of BiH : "<mask> is a complete architectural and artistic personality, he is primarily a man of ideas and a creator of space, but he is an architect-builder and architect-publicist. ... The objects that <mask> designed recently, in the years of mature architectural activities, represent a small anthology of specific forms - pure in their geometry, powerful in their

masks:
Štraus
Ivan Štraus
Štraus
Ivan Strauss
Ivan Štraus


title: Ivan Štraus

texts:
 proportions, playful but disciplined in their rhythmic compositions and very often bold in constructive solutions. It is in the period of his maturity as an artist, the forms of his objects are increasingly bold, perfection of detail an increasingly accentuated, artistic vocabulary that shapes its world of architecture all the more richly." Professor Nedžad Kurto, architect, wrote for "Odjek" No. 23, Sarajevo, 1986:"Never burdened with a side effect, every architectural task solves exclusively at the level of intellectual and cognitive approach.Therefore, <mask>' architecture can not be loved or disliked, liked to like to like it, to discover and interpret it in its richness of thought expression. Today one of the most prominent representatives of contemporary Yugoslav architecture, and his previous work is certainly a significant contribution to contemporary architecture in general. " About <mask>' Sacral Architecture, architect Mihajlo Mitrović writes: "This whole cycle of unreleased and original artistic circles has a perfectly recognizable common denominator: complete beaconnamentality, masterly shaped lapidity of the form, and the sovereign presence of primary structures, which form the basis of the most unusual corners, dosed sacral mysteries. The bells are a special storie, a pure Euclidean planimetry, and the interpretation of the cross, a lucid challenge to the oldest and simplest symbol of Christ. Elem, the Strauss cycle of sacred architecture is obscured by unusual beauty, every beauty is an event, and the most lasting one is embedded in the Neymar style. " References

1928 births
2018 deaths
Bosnia and Herzegovina people of Slovenian descent
University of Zagreb alumni
University of Sarajevo alumni
Yugoslav architects
Architects from Sarajevo
Serbian architects
Serbian people of

masks: Štraus Štraus


title: Jeff Fortenberry

texts:
<mask> (born December 27, 1960) is an American politician and economist serving as the U.S. representative for  since 2005. A member of the Republican Party, his district is based in Lincoln and includes most of the eastern third of the state outside the immediate Omaha area. He is the dean of Nebraska's congressional delegation. Early life, education and early career
<mask> graduated from Catholic High in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He holds a bachelor's degree in economics from Louisiana State University, a master's degree in public policy from Georgetown University, and a master's degree in theology from Franciscan University of Steubenville. <mask> previously worked as an economist, in local economic development, and as a publishing executive for Sandhills Publishing. He was also a policy analyst for the Senate Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations.<mask> was an at-large member of the Lincoln City Council from 1997 to 2001. U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

2004

Incumbent U.S. Representative Doug Bereuter decided to retire. <mask> won the 7-candidate Republican primary with 39% of the vote. He defeated Curt Bromm (33%), the Speaker of the Nebraska Legislature, and Club for Growth-endorsed businessman Greg Ruehle (21%). In the general election, he defeated State Senator Matt Connealy 54%–43%. He won all but two counties: Thurston and Burt. 2006

<mask> was reelected to a second term, defeating former Lieutenant Governor Maxine Moul, 58%–42%, winning all but Burt County.2008

<mask> was reelected to a third term, defeating Marine veteran Max Yashirin 70–30%. 2010

<mask> was challenged in the Republican primary for the first time since 2004. He drew two opponents and won with 84% of the vote. He was reelected to a fourth term,

masks:
Jeffrey Lane Fortenberry
Fortenberry
Fortenberry
Fortenberry
Fortenberry
Fortenberry
Fortenberry
Fortenberry


title: Jeff Fortenberry

texts:
 defeating legislative staffer Ivy Harper, 71%–29%. 2012

<mask> drew two opponents in the Republican primary again, but won with 86% of the vote. 2014

<mask> was reelected to a sixth term, defeating the Democratic nominee, attorney Dennis Crawford. 2016

<mask> was reelected to a seventh term, defeating the Democratic nominee, physician Dan Wik.2018

Campaigning for an eighth term in October 2018, it was reported that Fortenberry's chief of staff threatened a professor at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Ari Kohen, who had liked a Facebook post depicting a photo of a vandalized Fortenberry campaign sign, raising the issue to Kohen's supervisor as well as the dean and chancellor of the university. In reaction, Kohen raised a complaint with the Office of Congressional Ethics, alleging a chilling effect on free speech. <mask> defeated Democratic nominee Jessica McClure with 60% of the vote, but lost in Lancaster County for the first time. 2020

<mask> defeated Democratic nominee Kate Bolz with 59% of the vote. Tenure
During the week of April 12, 2021, <mask> made two false calls for emergency service to the United States Capitol Police through the emergency duress button in his Capitol office. The calls were apparently not for a genuine emergency, but only to check the agency's response time. Political positions

Agriculture, energy, and environment
Fortenberry serves on the Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies.He introduced the Renewable Fuels for America's Future Act of 2010. The Lincoln Journal Star editorial board called the act "a smart and thoughtful way to reduce subsidies for the production of ethanol." The act would result in taxpayer savings of $5.67 billion,

masks: Fortenberry Fortenberry Fortenberry Fortenberry Fortenberry Fortenberry


title: Jeff Fortenberry

texts:
 according to economists Ernie Goss of Creighton University and Bruce Babcock of Iowa State University. In 2020, Fortenberry signed a forest management agreement and gathered producers across Nebraska to discuss growing the agriculture family through integrating big data, precision farming, and value-adds to maximize incomes of farms of all sizes. On August 4, 2020, a bipartisan initiative supported by <mask>, the Great American Outdoors Act, was signed into law by President Trump. In September 2020, Fortenberry sponsored H.R. 3651, which serves to facilitate the use of certain land in Nebraska for public outdoor recreational opportunities and for other purposes.Healthcare
<mask> voted against the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, but said in 2010 that he supported "the right type of [health care] reform", incorporating measures to reduce costs, improve outcomes and protect vulnerable people. He introduced H.R. 321, the SCHIP Plus Act of 2009, to offer eligible families the choice to retain coverage for their children in the State Children's Health Insurance Program or using SCHIP funds to help pay for a family insurance plan, saving both family and taxpayer dollars. He introduced H.R. 5479, aimed at protecting people with preexisting conditions. In 2020, <mask> introduced Matt's Act, named in honor of one of his constituents who was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at age 13. The legislation would allow prescription drug manufacturers to sell insulin directly to patients.Fortenberry claimed it would reduce the price of insulin by two-thirds. Fortenberry introduced ACT for ALS to help people suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) gain access to new treatments. The act would have the Department of Health and Human Services

masks: Fortenberry Fortenberry Fortenberry


title: Jeff Fortenberry

texts:
 guide a new public-private partnership for streamlined research and drug approval for ALS. As of late December 2020, over 270 members of Congress co-signed the legislation. Foreign and military affairs
In 2010, Foreign Policy magazine listed <mask> as a "new Republican powerbroker" on nuclear security issues. In an October 2010 endorsement, the Lincoln Journal Star called <mask> "uncommonly well-informed on international issues". Fortenberry, and then-Appropriations Committee chair Nita Lowey co-sponsored the Middle East Partnership for Peace Act (MEPPA), which aims to ease tensions between Israelis and Palestinians by giving grants and loans to startup businesses.In his role on the Appropriations Committee, <mask> advocated for funding to enhance Offutt Air Force Base facilities, STRATCOM facilities, and to provide a new runway. Abortion
<mask> received a 100% pro-life score from the National Right to Life Committee in a ranking of members of the 111th Congress (2009–2011). He speaks annually at the March for Life. COVID-19 pandemic
During the COVID-19 pandemic, <mask> supported the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), providing small businesses with financial support throughout the pandemic. The program is estimated to have saved over 300,000 jobs in Nebraska. The state led the nation in PPP loans approved per capita. Texas v. Pennsylvania
In December 2020, <mask> was one of 126 Republican members of the House of Representatives to sign an amicus brief in support of Texas v. Pennsylvania, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court contesting the results of the 2020 presidential election, in which Joe Biden defeated incumbent Donald Trump.The Supreme Court declined to hear the case on the basis that Texas lacked standing under Article


title: Jeff Fortenberry

texts:
 III of the Constitution to challenge the results of an election held by another state. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi issued a statement that called signing the amicus brief an act of "election subversion." She also reprimanded <mask> and the other House members who supported the lawsuit: "The 126 Republican Members that signed onto this lawsuit brought dishonor to the House. Instead of upholding their oath to support and defend the Constitution, they chose to subvert the Constitution and undermine public trust in our sacred democratic institutions." New Jersey Representative Bill Pascrell, citing section three of the 14th Amendment, called for Pelosi to not seat <mask> and the other Republicans who signed the brief supporting the suit, arguing that "the text of the 14th Amendment expressly forbids Members of Congress from engaging in rebellion against the United States. Trying to overturn a democratic election and install a dictator seems like a pretty clear example of that." Following the Supreme Court's decision not to take up Texas v. Pennsylvania, and the Electoral College's certification of the election results, <mask> recognized Joe Biden as President-elect and congratulated him on his victory.He voted against invalidating the election results on January 6, 2021, saying, "As much as I supported President Trump to win, I believe the proposed remedy to election irregularities is inconsistent with my legal obligation and the guidance of my conscience. I took an oath to uphold the Constitution. My decision is consistent with that oath. I will vote to certify the election." January 6 commission
On May 19, 2021, <mask> was one of 35 Republicans who joined all Democrats in voting to approve legislation to establish the January 6 commission meant to

masks: Fortenberry Fortenberry Fortenberry Fortenberry


title: Jeff Fortenberry

texts:
 investigate the storming of the U.S. Capitol. Immigration
Fortenberry voted for the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020 which authorizes DHS to nearly double the available H-2B visas for the remainder of FY 2020. Fortenberry voted for the Consolidated Appropriations Act (H.R.1158) which effectively prohibits ICE from cooperating with Health and Human Services to detain or remove illegal alien sponsors of unaccompanied alien children (UACs). Committee assignments
<mask> previously served on the Committee on Appropriations, but stepped down from all of his committee assignments on October 20, 2021, after being indicted for allegedly concealing information and lying to the FBI about illegal contributions to his campaign. Caucus memberships
Source:
 Republican Main Street Partnership
 Republican Governance Group
  Nuclear Security Working Group (Co-chair)
 Congressional Caucus on Beef
 Religious Minorities in the Middle East Caucus
 Friends of Switzerland Caucus. Congressional Friends of Jordan Caucus (Vice Chair)
 Congressional Catholic Staff Association (Chair)
 United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus (Co-chair)
Republican Study Committee

Indictment
On October 19, 2021, it was announced that <mask> was being investigated over illegal campaign contributions that his 2016 campaign received from the Nigerian-born, Paris-based billionaire Gilbert Chagoury. A federal grand jury in Los Angeles indicted him on one count of scheming to falsify and conceal material facts and two counts of making false statements to federal investigators. References

External links

 Congressman <mask> official U.S. House website
 <mask> for Congress

|-

1960 births
21st-century American politicians
American economists
Catholic

masks:
Fortenberry
Fortenberry
Jeff Fortenberry
Jeff Fortenberry


title: Gamal Yafai

texts:
<mask> (; born 4 August 1991) is a British professional boxer. He held the European super-bantamweight title between 2020 and May 2021 and previously held the Commonwealth super-bantamweight title in 2016. As an amateur he won a bronze medal at the 2010 European Championships. Personal life
<mask> was born in Birmingham, UK, on 4 August 1991 to Yemeni parents. He is the brother of Olympic champion flyweight <mask> and former world professional flyweight champion <mask>. Like them, Yafai was also a member of the Great Britain elite squad. Amateur career
Gamal boxed for the Birmingham City Police ABC and was a member of the Great Britain elite squad trained by Robert McCracken and funded with money from the National Lottery.In June 2010 <mask> won the bronze medal at the 2010 European Championships in Moscow. En route to the semi-finals Yafai beat Israels Peter Moyshenzon 11–1 in the 1st round, Italy's Vittorio Parrinello 5–3 in the second and Irelands John Joe Nevin, a World bronze medalist, in the quarter finals. Yafai lost in the semi-final 3–2 to the Russian Eduard Abzalimv and so securing the bronze medal. The tournament was <mask>'s first outing at senior international level. Domestically at only 17 years of age was crowned ABA flyweight champion in 2009 with a win over Adam Whitfield beating him 11–5 in the final. Gamal followed in the footsteps of his brother Khalid who won an ABA title in 2008. Of the victory <mask>'s coach at his club in Birmingham Frank O'Sullivan said "I was concerned about <mask>’s stamina but he handled it well...He boxed superbly to instructions and finished the first round 2–2.At the end of the second it was 5–5 and <mask> then went all out to win and stormed to success 11–5...It was a cracking victory and now <mask> can go on

masks:
Gamal Yafai
Gamal Yafai
Galal Yafai
Kal Yafai
Gamal
Yafai
Yafai
Gamal
Gamal
Gamal


title: Gamal Yafai

texts:
 and establish his own career and will, for instance, be boxing in the three nations for England at Liverpool at the end of May." <mask> did indeed box in the three nations tournament featuring competitors from England, Wales and Scotland once again meeting Adam Whitfield in the final and once again coming out on top, this time 13–4. Professional career

Early career
A 22-year-old <mask> turned professional in May 2014 at the First Direct Arena in Leeds on a Sky Sports card promoted by Matchroom Sport. Yafai defeated Ricky Leach via a 1st-round TKO in a scheduled four round fight. Ten days later, Yafai fought on the undercard of Froch-Groves II at Wembley Stadium against Jack Heath. Referee wisely stopped contest in round 1 with just 20 seconds remaining. Health was down twice, first from a head shot, and then a left hook to the body.On 12 July, Yafai defeated 31-year-old Spanish journeyman Reynaldo Cajina on points. Referee John Latham scored it 40–36 to Yafai. Two months later, Yafai faced off against French boxer Sofian Bellahcene at Wembley Arena, outpointing him (60–54) on the referee scorecard. After a 6-month lay off, Yafai returned to the boxing ring in March 2015, beating Polish boxer Krzysztof Rogowski at the Ice Arena in Hull via 3rd-round TKO. Two months later, Yafai fought at the Barclaycard Arena in Birmingham beating Spanish boxer Arnoldo Solano (14–7, 0 KOs) via points decision. The referee scored it 80–71 for Yafai. In August, Yafai defeated Spanish boxer Angel Lorente at the Craven Park Stadium in Hull via a 6-round points decision, after knocking him down once in round 5.The referee Michael Alexander scored it 60–53. On 17 October 2015, <mask> was scheduled in his first ever 10 round bout as a professional at the Barclaycard Arena

masks: Yafai Yafai Yafai


title: Gamal Yafai

texts:
 against Tanzanian boxer Nasibu Ramadhani. This was also a Commonwealth super-bantamweight title eliminator. Yafai defied an injured left hand to earn a comprehensive 99–91 points victory. Yafai sustained the injury inside the opening three rounds and was put on the back foot, but regained his composure in the fifth and was on top by the sixth as he started landing hooks on Ramadhani, who struggled to connect. Domestic and Regional
On 5 March 2016, in his ninth professional fight, Yafai stopped Bobby Jenkinson (9–1–1, 2 KOs) in seven rounds at the Genting Arena in Birmingham to take the Commonwealth super-bantamweight title. yafai picked up a cut four rounds in but followed up with a blistering show that ended with two knockdowns.The first knockdown coming from a straight left and the second from a left hook to the body. The victory took <mask> to 9–0, gave him his first belt and showed the watching boxing world he has the talent to follow in the footsteps of Carl Frampton and Scott Quigg in the future. It was announced that <mask> would make a first defence of his title at the First Direct Arena on 30 July. His opponent was announced to be Josh Wale (20–8–2, 11 KOs). <mask> was taken the 12 round distance for the first time since turning professional in 2014, making a first successful defence of his Commonwealth title. Yafai started off sharp and cut Wale over the right eye in the round 1, although a replay showed that it was due to a clash of heads. The three judges scored it 118–111, 117–112, 117–112, all in favour of Yafai.<mask> was due to defend his Commonwealth title on 22 October 2016 against Sean Davis at the Barclaycard Arena on the undercard of Gavin-Eggington, however on 17 October Yafai had to pull out after injuring his ankle in a training

masks: Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai


title: Gamal Yafai

texts: session. Paul Economides instead fought Davis for the vacant WBC International title and <mask>'s brother Kal was also added to the card which was a warm-up fight. On 22 February 2017, <mask> lost his Commonwealth super bantamweight title after failing to take part in a mandatory. On 27 February, promoter Eddie Hearn announced that <mask> would travel to Germany for his first fight not on home soil on the undercard of the WBA (regular) light middleweight title fight between Demetrius Andrade and Jack Culcay at the Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Ludwigshafen, Rhineland-Palatinate. Yafai put on a concrete display throughout the six round fight to win via unanimous decision against Georgian journeyman Khvicha Gigolashvili. On 15 March, it was confirmed that Yafai would finally get a chance to compete for the WBC International title against undefeated titlist Sean Davis on the undercard of Kal's first world title defence at the Barclaycard Arena in Birmingham on 13 May 2017. Yafai knocked Davis down six times winning the fight via stoppage in round 7.The first knockdown came in round 3, two more knockdowns following in round 5 and a further three knockdowns in round 7 before the fight was halted. Two of the knockdowns in round 7 where due to hard body shots. In December 2017, <mask> spoke to Sky Sports discussing 2017 as a frustrating year. He stated that he wanted to fight British champion Thomas Patrick Ward in 2018. Yafai was scheduled to fight at the York Hall in London on 13 December, which Yafai said would help 'get rid of ring-rust'. This would mark the first time Yafai would fight at York Hall as a professional. Yafai fought a scheduled six round bout against Liverpool boxer Ricky Starkey, stopping him in the third round.<mask> next planned to fight again in

masks: Gamal Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai


title: Gamal Yafai

texts:
 January 2018. On 22 December, Eddie Hearn announced that <mask> would make his first defence of the WBC International title against fellow British rival and former world title challenger Gavin McDonnell (18–1–2, 5 KOs) at the FlyDSA Arena in Sheffield on the undercard of Kell Brook's return bout on 3 March 2018. Yafai opened the Okolie vs. Chamberlain card at the O2 Arena in London on 3 February 2018 stopping Jose Hernandez in round 3 of their scheduled six round fight. McDonnell showed he had too much experience for <mask> in beating him via a 12 round unanimous decision, also winning the WBC International title. McDonnell used his height and reach advantage to win majority of the rounds, whilst also being more active. The three judges scored the fight 116–112, 116–112 and 117–113 in favour of McDonnell. In defeat, Yafai did well to land the occasional shots but ultimately could not keep up his work rate to match McDonnell.<mask>'s next fight date was announced in July 2018, to be part of the JD: NXTGEN card on 4 August at the Ice Arena in Cardiff, Wales. He was also scheduled to fight at the Arena Birmingham on 8 September 2018. He fought Nicaraguan boxer Jose Aguilar in a 6 round fight and stopped him with a left hook body shot in round 3. <mask> was next scheduled to fight in his home city of Birmingham on 8 September on the Amir Khan vs. Samuel Vargas card. In a scheduled 8 round bout, Yafai knocked out Nicaraguan boxer Brayan Mairena in round 7. Professional boxing record

Titles in boxing
Regional/International titles:
 Commonwealth super bantamweight champion (122 lbs)

External links

References

1991 births
Living people
English male boxers
Bantamweight boxers
Super-bantamweight boxers
English people of Yemeni descent
Boxers from Birmingham,


title: Paul Cameron

texts:
<mask> (born November 9, 1939) is an American psychologist. <mask> has been designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as an anti-gay extremist. While employed at various institutions, including the University of Nebraska, he conducted research on passive smoking, but he is best known today for his claims about homosexuality. After a successful 1982 campaign against a gay rights proposal in Lincoln, Nebraska, he established the Institute for the Scientific Investigation of Sexuality (ISIS), now known as the Family Research Institute (FRI). As FRI's chairman, <mask> has written contentious papers asserting associations between homosexuality and the perpetration of child sexual abuse and reduced life expectancy. These have been heavily criticized by others in the field. In 1983, the American Psychological Association expelled <mask> for non-cooperation with an ethics investigation.Position statements issued by the American Sociological Association, Canadian Psychological Association, and the Nebraska Psychological Association accuse <mask> of misrepresenting social science research. Biography

Early life and career
<mask> was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S., on November 9, 1939. His family moved shortly afterwards to Florida. He received a BA from Los Angeles Pacific College in 1961, an MA from California State University in Los Angeles the following year and a PhD from the University of Colorado at Boulder in 1966. He held posts as an assistant psychology professor at University of Wisconsin–Stout (1966–67) and Wayne State University (1967–68), before becoming an associate professor at the University of Louisville (1970–73) and the Fuller Graduate School of Psychology (part of the Fuller Theological Seminary) (1976–79). In

masks:
Paul Drummond Cameron
Cameron
Cameron
Cameron
Cameron
Cameron


title: Paul Cameron

texts:
 1979, he became an associate professor of Marriage and Family Therapy at the University of Nebraska. During this period, <mask> conducted research on a variety of topics, including the effects of passive smoking and the relation between pet ownership and happiness.In his 1978 book Sexual Gradualism, he supported a middle ground between liberal and conservative Christian attitudes to sexuality, arguing that teenagers should avoid intercourse while experimenting with lower "levels" of sexual intimacy. In 1980, <mask> left the University of Nebraska and took up private practice as a psychologist in Lincoln, Nebraska. In 1982, when the Lincoln city council asked residents to vote on a proposal to ban discrimination based on sexual orientation, <mask> led the opposition as chairman of the Committee to Oppose Special Rights for Homosexuals. Despite his earlier moderate position on teenage relationships, <mask> had come to take a hard-line stance on the topic of homosexuality. He has stated that his approach, emphasizing the harms he believed to be caused by homosexual behavior and its acceptance, was influenced by his work on the "lethal" behavior of smokers. During the campaign in Lincoln, <mask> delivered a speech at the University of Nebraska Lutheran chapel. This drew much attention after he stated that a four-year-old boy had suffered a brutal homosexual assault in a local mall.Police were unable to confirm the incident, and <mask> acknowledged that he had heard the story only as a rumor. On May 11, Lincoln voters rejected the proposed measure by a 4–1 margin. Family Research Institute
In 1982, <mask> co-founded the Institute for the Scientific Investigation of Sexuality in Lincoln. Believing that earlier sex surveys, including

masks: Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron


title: Paul Cameron

texts: those conducted by Playboy magazine, had overestimated the prevalence of homosexuality, <mask> set out in 1983 to conduct what he described as "a fair sexuality poll, not one based on volunteers." His expectation was that the results would support his case for a ban on homosexual acts throughout the United States. Funding, according to <mask>, was provided by businessmen including several Nebraska chief executives. The 1983 ISIS Survey, an "extensive self-administered questionnaire", was offered to 9,129 adults in five U.S. cities, and 4,340 responses were received.In 1984, these were supplemented with data from 824 adults from Dallas. Under the banner of ISIS, <mask> produced a number of "lurid pamphlets about the supposed social ills associated with homosexuality", containing numerous false or unverifiable claims. ISIS was shortly afterwards renamed the Family Research Institute (FRI) and moved to Washington, D.C. In 1995, FRI changed location again, this time to Colorado Springs, Colorado, where it remains based. In his capacity as FRI's chairman, <mask> has authored both popular pamphlets and scientific articles on the topic of homosexuality. The cover photograph for <mask>'s pamphlet Child Molestation and Homosexuality depicted "a young boy being pulled into a men's bathroom," while Murder, Violence and Homosexuality showed "a little girl cowering beneath an arm wielding an ax." Many of <mask>'s scientific articles have been based on the 1983–1984 ISIS survey, including a 1996 paper that concluded based on participants' answers concerning their teachers that homosexual teachers could influence their students to become homosexual.Another of <mask>'s conclusions, based partly on his studies of obituaries in gay newspapers, is


title: Paul Cameron

texts: that homosexuals as a group have a median age of death about 20 years lower than that of heterosexuals. After analyzing official data from Denmark, which allowed same-sex unions in 1989, and Norway, which allowed same-sex marriage in 2009, <mask> reported in 2007 that "married lesbians lived to age 56 and married gay men to age 52." <mask> states that many victims of child sexual abuse are the same sex as their abusers – one FRI study on sexual abuse by foster parents in Illinois reported that 34% of perpetrators were guilty of same-sex abuse – and concludes that "there is a strong, disproportionate association between child molestation and homosexuality." <mask> was quoted in Rolling Stone as saying that homosexual sex was more pleasurable than most heterosexual sex, and as a result, if homosexuality were tolerated then it would become predominant within a few generations. <mask>'s publications have been cited as support by some groups who oppose same-sex marriage and allowing homosexuals to become foster or adoptive parents, including the Traditional Values Coalition. <mask> testified in the case Baker v. Wade (1985). In 1992, Gale Norton, then the Attorney General of Colorado, employed <mask> as a consultant when defending a law preventing the extension of civil rights legislation to homosexuals.<mask>'s testimony went unused, and the law was struck down by the Supreme Court. <mask> campaigned against a gay-rights initiative in Maine in 2000, testified in favor of the failed Virginia Anti-Gay Adoption Bill in 2005, and opposed a 2007 Colorado bill intended to allow cohabiting couples to adopt. He was tricked into appearing in Sacha Baron Cohen's 2009 mockumentary film Brüno. Southern Poverty Law Center has classed the Family

masks: Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron


title: Paul Cameron

texts:
 Research Institute as a hate group. <mask> is married and has three children. His son, Kirk (not to be confused with the Growing Pains actor), has been involved with the Family Research Institute since 1983. Criticism

From professional organizations

The American Psychological Association (APA) launched an investigation into <mask> after receiving complaints about his work from members.The APA President Max Seigel sent <mask> a letter on December 2, 1983 stating that the Board of Directors had decided to drop him from membership for failure to cooperate with their investigation. FRI has contended that <mask> had already resigned from the organization in November 1982, citing correspondence from before his formal expulsion. In a letter published in the March 1983 edition of the APA Monitor, <mask> stated that his reasons for leaving included his opinion that the organization was becoming more of a "liberal PAC" than a professional society. The APA, however, does not allow the resignation of a member who is the subject of an ethics investigation. An APA spokesperson told The Boston Globe in 2005, "We are concerned about Dr. <mask> because we do believe that his methodology is weak." In 1984 the Nebraska Psychological Association issued a statement disassociating itself "from the representations and interpretations of scientific literature offered by Dr. <mask>." In 1986 the American Sociological Association passed a resolution stating, "The American Sociological Association officially and publicly states that <mask> is not a sociologist, and condemns his consistent misrepresentation of sociological research."This was based on a report from the ASA's Committee on the Status of Homosexuals in Sociology, which summarised <mask>'s

masks:
Family Cameron
Cameron
Cameron
Cameron
Cameron
Cameron
Paul Cameron
Paul Cameron
Cameron


title: Paul Cameron

texts:
 inflammatory statements and commented, "It does not take great analytical abilities to suspect from even a cursory review of <mask>'s writings that his claims have almost nothing to do with social science and that social science is used only to cover over another agenda. Very little of his work could find support from even a bad misreading of genuine social science investigation on the subject and some sociologists, such as Alan Bell, have been 'appalled' at the abuse of their work." In 1996, the Board of Directors of the Canadian Psychological Association approved a position statement disassociating the organisation from <mask>'s work on sexuality, stating that he had "consistently misinterpreted and misrepresented research on sexuality, homosexuality, and lesbianism." In March 2015, <mask> sued the Polish gay rights organisation 'Pracownia Różnorodności' for calling him a 'homophobic liar'. From individuals

After <mask> submitted affidavits to the U. S. District Court of Dallas in Baker v. Wade (1985), Judge Buchmeyer wrote in his opinion that <mask> had engaged in "fraud" and "misrepresentations to this Court" noting that, "His sworn statement that 'homosexuals are approximately 43 times more apt to commit crimes than is the general population' is a total distortion of the Kinsey data upon which he relies – which, as is obvious to anyone who reads the report, concerns data from a non-representative sample of delinquent homosexuals (and Dr. <mask> compares this group to college and non-college heterosexuals)." Buchmeyer's decision was reversed by the Fifth Circuit on other grounds, without mentioning Buchmeyer's finding that <mask> had made misrepresentations. FRI has disputed Judge Buchmeyer's assessment of


title: Paul Cameron

texts: <mask>vits.Epidemiologists Morten Frisch and Henrik Brønnum-Hansen argue that <mask> was wrong to infer reduced life expectancy from the fact that deaths among homosexually married partners in Denmark and Norway occurred at a lower median age than those among heterosexually married partners: "Because the age distribution among persons in same-sex marriages was considerably younger than that of people who had ever been heterosexually married, the average age at death among those who actually died during the observation period was, not surprisingly, considerably younger in the population of same-sex married persons." Their own analysis found that excess mortality in Danish same-sex marriages since 1995 was "restricted to the first few years after a marriage, presumably reflecting preexisting illness at the time of marriage". Similarly, critics have argued that obituaries in gay-themed newspapers, which <mask> used to estimate homosexual mortality, do not provide a representative sample of deaths and ignore surviving members of the same generation. <mask> has also been criticized for placing responsibility for same-sex child sexual abuse on "homosexuals"; Scientists say someone who carries out such abuse need not have a homosexual orientation with respect to other adults. Gregory M. Herek, a psychologist specializing in prejudice against sexual minorities, charges that <mask> misrepresented the literature he had reviewed and cited to support his claims, such as a Groth and Birnbaum (1978) study in which none of the participating child molestors actually identified as homosexuals, and none of those who were bisexual claimed to prefer men over women. Furthermore, while <mask> assumed all the same-sex molestations were perpetrated by

masks: Cameronida Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron


title: Paul Cameron

texts: homosexuals, he did not assume all the opposite-sex molestations were perpetrated by heterosexuals; he included a "bisexual correction" only for opposite-sex molestations that effectively increased the number of perpetrators described as "homosexual" without changing the number described as "heterosexual". Herek noted that most of the <mask> group's academic publications in the past 15 years have been based on a survey study conducted in 1983 and 1984.The main survey was completed in seven U.S. cities and towns in 1983. Data were later added from a 1984 Dallas (TX) sample. Most of the Cameron group's papers have reported data from the combined samples. According to Herek, a critical review of the Cameron group's sampling techniques, survey methodology, and interpretation of results reveals at least six serious errors in their study. Herek concludes, "an empirical study manifesting even one of these six weaknesses would be considered seriously flawed. In combination, the multiple methodological problems evident in the Cameron group's surveys mean that their results cannot even be considered a valid description of the specific group of individuals who returned the survey questionnaire. Because the data are essentially meaningless, it is not surprising that they have been virtually ignored by the scientific community.""The <mask> group has published its empirical research in academic journals with low prestige and, at least in the case of Psychological Reports, with a low rejection rate. Other than the <mask> group itself, researchers have not cited their empirical studies as a source of ideas for new research on sexual orientation. Nor have scientists cited the group's papers to support assertions about the dangers to society posed

masks: Cameron Cameron Cameron


title: Paul Cameron

texts:
 by homosexuals." In a widely publicized interview with Midweek Politics with David Pakman, <mask> compared homosexuality to drug use, a comparison that drew criticism from several gay rights blogs, websites, and The Huffington Post. Claims of linkage between homosexuality and child sex abuse
<mask>'s claim of homosexuals being more apt to sexually abuse and molest children rests on the fallacious assumption that for all children who are sexually molested or abused by the perpetrators of the same sex as that of victim,  the perpetrators are homosexuals who are mainly attracted to adults of same sex. While any coercive sex between and adult and minor of same sex is homosexual act, the conclusion that the perpetrator is homosexual in orientation towards adults is not necessarily correct. (See page 62 of ref) James Cantor mentions that the extremist groups take advantage of confusing terminologies.Pedophilia is primary sexual attraction towards children whereas teleiophilia refers to sexual attraction towards adults. Homosexuality or homosexual in the context of pedophilia refers to homosexual pedophiles (those who are primarily sexually attracted to children of same sex), whereas homosexuality or homosexuals in the context of civil rights or equality or prevalence of homosexuality in general population refers to homosexual teleiophilia (those who are attracted towards of adults of same sex). Analogous terms like heterosexual pedophilia, heterosexual teleiophilia are also present. Some literature use term androphiles for sexual attraction towards adult males (homosexual teleiophile males and heterosexual teleiophile females) whereas the term gynephiles is used for sexual attraction towards females (homosexual teleiophile females and

masks: Cameron Cameron


title: Paul Cameron

texts: heterosexual teleiophile males). These terminologies are well accepted in the scientific community. It is known that fraction of male homosexual pedophiles among male pedophiles is considerably more than fraction of male homosexual teleiophiles among male teleiophiles. However competent scientific studies have documented that it is not sensible to compare homosexual pedophiles with homosexual teleiophiles.Homosexual teleiophiles are not any more  likely to sexually abuse children than heterosexual teleiophiles. Scientific, medical and psychiatric bodies across world do not consider homosexuality to be a disease or a particular risk factor for physically or sexually abusive behavior, and advocate acceptance of LGBT citizens. <mask> has misinterpreted some scientific literature which he says supports the idea that homosexuals are more likely to molest children. Freund  et al. 1992  state that while fraction of male homosexual pedophiles among male pedophiles is considerably more than fraction of androphile males (homosexual teleiophile males) among teleiophile males,  these findings would not imply that androphilic males (homosexual teleiophiles)  have more propensity to sexually abuse children than gynephilic males (heterosexual teleiophiles), the conclusion which runs contrary to <mask>'s understanding. Another paper from Archives of Sexual Behavior by Erickson et al. 1988  has been misinterpreted by <mask>.The paper found that roughly 70%  of child sex offenders had abused girls, 25% had abused boys and 5% had abused both. Over 86% of those who had offended against boys were homosexual (ie around 26% of total child sex offenders). However what <mask> misses is that the keywords provided by authors in the same paper include

masks: Cameron Cameron Cameron Cameron


title: Paul Cameron

texts:
 homosexual pedophilia and pedophilia. The paper  is speaking about homosexual pedophiles It does not have homosexual teleiophilia or androphilia (sexual attraction towards adult males) in its keywords. Usage of homosexuality/homosexuals in context of pedophilia to refer to homosexual pedophiles (which has nothing to do with adult sexual orientation) is widely prevalent in scientific literature. Nicholas Groth wrote a letter to Nebraska Board of Examiners of psychologists on August 21, 1984 and accused him of misrepresentation of his own work and disgracing his profession. Apart from self-citations by <mask>'s group their work on linking homosexuality with child sex abuse have mostly been cited by other scientists either to counteract it or only to quantify the prevalence of sexual abuse of children by adults of same sex.While sexual abuses in which  the perpetrator and victims are of same sex are termed as homosexual molestation but it does not necessarily mean that the perpetrator was homosexual in orientation towards adults. <mask>'s work on this topic have not influenced scientific consensus on absence of harms possessed by homosexuals to children and society. Claims of homosexuality being contagious
<mask> has confused same sex attraction (homosexual orientation) with same sex behavior. It is well  known that same sex behavior is more prevalent than homosexual orientation. Many heterosexual people have at some time had same-sex experiences. Prior sexual experience is not necessary for development of homosexual orientation or sexual orientation in general. Independence of development of same sex attraction and indulgence in same sex behavior has been documented in other scientific literature.Works

Notes and


title: Paul Cameron

texts:
 references

External links
 Family Research Institute website
  "<mask>", Southern Poverty Law Center -- profile of <mask>
 Gregory M. Herek, "Paul Cameron Bio and Fact Sheet"

1939 births
Living people
American psychologists
Azusa Pacific University alumni
California State University, Los Angeles alumni
People involved in scientific misconduct incidents
University of Colorado Boulder alumni
University of Nebraska–Lincoln faculty
Wayne State University faculty
University of Louisville

masks:
Paul Cameron
Paul Cameron


title: Steven May

texts:
<mask> (born 10 January 1992) be an Australian rules footballer playing for the Melbourne Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He served as the co-captain of Gold Coast in the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Early life
<mask> was born in Darwin into a family of Indigenous Australian descent (Gunbalanya and Larrakia). Aside from Australian Football, <mask> is a keen supporter of Tottenham in the Premier League as well as the Brooklyn Nets in the NBA. Junior football
<mask> began playing his junior football at Southern Districts Football Club who compete in the Northern Territory Football League. His performances for Southern Districts earned him a scholarship at the AIS in 2008. Later in 2008 he moved to Melbourne to complete his final years of schooling at Melbourne Grammar.His highlights

masks:
Steven May
Steven May
May
May


title: Steven May

texts:
 included an outing against Scotch College in which he kicked 9 goals. While competing for the Northern Territory at the 2010 AFL Under 18 Championships, he was named at full forward in the under 18 All-Australian team. Following his efforts at the National Championships, the newly formed Gold Coast Football Club signed him as one of their two priority zone selections from the Northern Territory. <mask> would finish the 2010 season for Melbourne Grammar in the Associated Public Schools of Victoria competition with 40 goals from eight games, as well as the best and fairest award. Following graduation, he relocating to the Gold Coast at the end of 2010 to begin his AFL career. AFL career
<mask> made his AFL debut against Essendon in round 6 of the 2011 season where he was used as a defender. <mask>

masks: May May May


title: Steven May

texts: finished the 2011 AFL season with nine games and played in defence majority of the year.<mask> was again used in defence for most of the 2012 AFL season until round 21 against Hawthorn where he had his breakout game when moved forward. He would kick three goals and take twelve marks in an impressive display up forward for the Suns. In a 2014 match against the Sydney Swans, <mask> played in defence on two-time Coleman Medallist Lance Franklin and played very well, limiting him to only three goals. On 16 April 2016, <mask> knocked out Stefan Martin after leaving his feet to deliver a full-body hit after the ball had gone by. He was suspended for five games. <mask> was named co-captain of the Gold Coast Football Club in December 2016, making him just the sixth indigenous captain in VFL/AFL history. On

masks: May May May May


title: Steven May

texts: 24 May 2017, it was announced that he would wear number 67 on his guernsey, rather than his usual 17, for the round 10 Sir Doug Nicholls Indigenous Round game against .This was to commemorate the 1967 referendum which allowed Indigenous Australians to be counted with the general population in the census. At the conclusion of the 2018 season, <mask> was traded to . His initial period at Melbourne in 2019 was impacted by injury and he started slowly. However, since the initial year, his impact and contribution to the Melbourne backline has been outstanding alongside Jake Lever and Adam Tomlinson . By round 7 in 2021 he averaged 20.2 disposals per match, 16.7 kicks and 6.8 marks. Melbourne remained undefeated, on top of the ladder at that point conceding the least number of points(434) of any team at


title: Steven May

texts:
 that point in the season. <mask> won his first AFL Premiership with Melbourne as his team defeated defeated Western Bulldogs in the 2021 AFL Grand Final, despite having to play with a serious hamstring injury.Statistics
 Statistics are correct to the end of the 2021 season

|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2011
|
| 45 || 9 || 0 || 1 || 76 || 34 || 110 || 34 || 17 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 8.4 || 3.8 || 12.2 || 3.8 || 1.9 || 0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2012
|
| 45 || 8 || 5 || 2 || 64 || 28 || 92 || 41 || 13 || 0.6 || 0.3 || 8.0 || 3.5 || 11.5 || 5.1 || 1.6 || 1
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2013
|
| 17 || 17 || 10 || 6 || 113 || 59 || 172 || 57 || 26 || 0.6 || 0.4 || 6.6 || 3.5 || 10.1 || 3.4


title: Eddie Barclay

texts:
Édouard Ruault (26 January 1921 – 13 May 2005), better known as <mask>, was a French music producer whose singers included Jacques Brel, Dalida and Charles Aznavour. He founded record label Barclay. Life
Ruault, the son of a café waiter and a post office worker, was born in Paris on January 26, 1921. He spent much of his early childhood with his grandmother in Taverny (in today's Val-d'Oise). His parents bought the Café de la Poste bar in the middle of Paris while he was a child and at the age of 15 he left school to work in the café. He had not enjoyed his studies but he taught himself music and piano. He particularly liked American jazz and embraced the music of Fats Waller.He often visited the Hot Club de France to hear the quintet of Stéphane Grappelli and Django Reinhardt. He became a pianist at "L'Étape" club in rue Godot-de-Mauroy, Paris, where his half-hour sets alternated with the young Louis de Funès, also at the start of his career. When the German occupiers of France banned jazz, he held regular social gatherings with other zazous at his home to listen to jazz records and illegal radio stations. Pierre-Louis Guérin employed him as a pianist at Guérin's first nightclub, "Le Club". After the war, Eduard Ruault changed his name to <mask> and opened "Eddie's Club" in Paris. In 1947 he started a band which featured his wife, Nicole, on vocals under the name Eve Williams. <mask> and his wife started "Blue Star Records", using their apartment to store 78 rpm discs, with <mask> delivering them himself.Musicians on the label included Don Byas and <mask>. <mask> wrote songs with

masks:
Eddie Barclay
Eddie Barclay
Barclay
Barclay
Eddie Constantine
Barclay


title: Eddie Barclay

texts: Charles Aznavour and Boris Vian, and with Vian he edited Jazz magazine. In 1952 Alan Morrison, a visitor to <mask>'s club, had invited him to visit the US to see the new recording technology that enabled the production of 45s and LPs. In 1955 <mask> agreed to manufacture and distribute Mercury Records in Europe. He took 60 masters to Pathé-Marconi's Paris factory and began promoting the new microgroove format to the French market. As well as releasing US records by the likes of Ray Charles, Dizzy Gillespie, Sammy Davis, Jr. and Duke Ellington, <mask> engaged Gerhard Lehner, a German sound engineer, to make original recordings in Avenue Hoche, Paris. After selling 1.5 million copies of the Platters' "Only You", Barclay Records rose to become the top music production company in France.His success led to his nickname as "empereur du microsillon" (king of microgroove). His francophone discoveries included the singers Hugues Aufray, Michel Delpech, Dalida (whom he launched in 1956), Mireille Mathieu, Claude Nougaro, and Eddy Mitchell. His artistes delighted in the artistic freedom that he afforded them, and in the trust that he placed in their judgement. Aznavour joined the Barclay stable in 1956 even though they had been friends for over a decade by that time. They collaborated on some songwriting including Quand tu m'embrasses (When You Hold Me). Jacques Brel, the Belgian poet-singer who stayed with Barclay until his death in 1978, began his long association with Barclay in 1962, recording hits including "Le plat Pays" (The Flat Country), and "Les Bigotes" (The Holier-than-Thous) on the

masks: Barclay Barclay Barclay


title: Eddie Barclay

texts: Barclay label. Brel left Philips Records to join Barclay as did Juliette Gréco.Philips threatened to litigate but the matter was settled out of court and <mask> released Johnny Hallyday to Philips as part of the settlement. Anarchist poet Léo Ferré was another established singer-songwriter who joined Barclay Records to great mutual benefit. <mask>'s nose for success was not infallible, however. He refused to sign Bob Marley, ended his collaboration with Pierre Perret and dropped Michel Sardou, four years after discovering him, by telling him "My little old fellow, write songs if you want, but especially do not sing them. You do not have any talent!" At the beginning of the eighties, recovering from cancer of the throat, which had been diagnosed in 1979, he sold 80% of his label to PolyGram, and retired to Saint-Tropez, where he had spent 25 years building a house called Maison du Cap, Ramatuelle, since Brigitte Bardot persuaded him to buy land there in the late 1950s. His trademark was a white suit, and his Saint-Tropez parties at which all the guests wore white became huge events for the French media.He emerged briefly from retirement with a new record label but it was not the success he wished. The house was bought by Amanda Eliasch and Johan Eliasch and is now owned by Johan Eliasch alone. In March 1994 <mask> underwent quadruple bypass surgery after a heart attack. On April 29, 2005 he was admitted to the Ambroise-Paré hospital in Paris with urinary and pulmonary infections. He died there during the night of May 12, 2005 and was pronounced dead in the morning. He has one son,


title: Eddie Barclay

texts:
 Guillaume, from his third marriage to Marie-Christine Steinberg. Works
<mask> transcribed and interpreted early jazz numbers.He co-wrote the songs Quand tu m'embrasses with Charles Aznavour, and Le rock de Monsieur Failair with Boris Vian. He wrote the original soundtracks for several films, including Bob le flambeur (1955, English title: Bob the Gambler; one translation is "Bob the high roller") directed by Jean-Pierre Melville. In 1988 he published his autobiography. Wives
<mask> was notorious for his many wives to the extent that some journalists referred to him as 'Bluebeard'. At one of his later weddings, the officiating mayor of Neuilly said: "Ah, good day, <mask>, what a pleasure to see you yet again." His nine wives were:
 Michele (2 years) married in 1945
 Nicole (14 years), jazz singer under the name of Eve Williams
 Marie-Christine (4 years)
 Béatrice (1.5 years) - she subsequently married Guy Marchand
 Michele (briefly)
 Danielle Mauroy (1 year)
 Cathy (3 years)
 Caroline (11 years) married in 1988
 Tiara, married in June 2002 on the island of Moorea. See also
 Dalida
 Chaque jour a son secret (1958, film)

References

Other sources
 Associated Press release 12:34 May 14, 2005.Sleeve notes, Charles Aznavour: Je M'Voyais Deja CD (EMI, 1995). <mask>, <mask>. Que la Fête Continue (Paris: Robert Laffont, 1988)
 O'Connor, Patrick. 'Obituary: <mask>', The Guardian, May 16, 2005

External links

1921 births
2005 deaths
Musicians from Paris
French record producers
French jazz pianists
20th-century French male pianists
Monument Records artists
Dalida
<mask> (record label)
French

masks:
Barclay
Barclay
Monsieur Barclay
Barclay
Eddie
Eddie Barclay
Barclay


title: Andrew O. Apple

texts:
<mask><mask> (January 30, 1845 – June 7, 1890) was a United States soldier and native of Pennsylvania who fought with the Union Army as a member of the 12th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War. He was recognized with his nation's highest award for valor, the U.S. Medal of Honor, for "conspicuous gallantry as color bearer in the assault on Fort Gregg" during the Third Battle of Petersburg, Virginia, on April 2, 1865. The award was conferred on May 12 of that same year. Formative years
Born on January 30, 1845, at Northampton, Pennsylvania, <mask><mask> was a son of Pennsylvania natives David and <mask>. In 1850, he resided in Easton, Northampton County, where his father was employed as a distiller. Also residing at the home with <mask> and his parents were siblings: Theodore, George, Elizabeth, and William (born, respectively, circa 1841, 1843, 1846, and 1849). By 1860, <mask> was residing in New Cumberland, Hancock County, Virginia, with his parents and siblings: Theodore, George, Elizabeth, Barbara and <mask> (born, respectively, circa 1854 and 1855), Ward Beecher (1855-1913), and Myrta (born circa 1859).His father supported their large family on the wages of a miller. Civil War
<mask> fought for the Union Army during the American Civil War. After enrolling at the age of 17 at New Cumberland, West Virginia, on in August 1862, he then officially mustered in as a private with Company I of the 12th West Virginia Infantry, he was promoted to the rank of corporal sometime before April 1865. His regiment fought in multiple small skirmishes and major military engagements throughout the war, including the Second Battle of Winchester (June 13–15, 1863); expedition from Martinsburg to New Market, Virginia, under Major-General Franz Sigel (April 30-May 16) during the opening days of the Union Army's Valley

masks:
Andrew O
. Apple
Andrew O
. Apple
Matilda Apple
Andrew
Andrew Apple
Oliver
Apple


title: Andrew O. Apple

texts:
 Campaigns of 1864, including the Battle of New Market (May 15); Major-General David Hunter's expedition to Lynchburg, including the Battle of Lynchburg (June 17–18); and the battles of Snicker's Ferry/Cool Spring (July 17–18) and Kernstown II (July 23–24). Engaged in Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign from August 6-November 28, the 12th West Virginia Infantry then participated in the battles of Strasburg (August 17), Berryville (September 3), Opequan/Third Winchester (guarding trains, September 19) and Fisher's Hill (guarding trains, September 22). Ordered to Bermuda Hundred in late December, the regiment was then assigned to trench duties in the Richmond-Petersburg Campaign until March 1865. Engaged next in the war-ending Appomattox Campaign (March 28–April 9), the regiment participated in operations at Petersburg (March 28–29) and Hatcher's Run (March 30–April 1).On April 2, 1865, while fighting with his regiment in the Third Battle of Petersburg, <mask> performed the act of conspicuous gallantry which later resulted in his being awarded the U.S. Medal of Honor. <mask> retrieved his regiment's battle flag from a fallen comrade during the assault on Fort Gregg after two other members of his regiment had been killed carrying the flag in that day's engagement with Confederate troops. Interviewed later in life about his Civil War experiences, <mask> described how the events unfolded that day:

... about noon April 2, 1865, while the operations were being carried on in front of Petersburg, after the works of Forts Gregg and Whitworth had been assaulted for six hours, General <mask> attacked Fort Gregg with three brigades. We came from the left of the line and took the fort after a terrific struggle, during which there was no time to reload our muskets after first discharging them, and the greater number of us were forced to use our

masks: Apple Apple Apple Ord


title: Andrew O. Apple

texts:
 bayonets during the entire assault. Afterward, <mask>'s regiment participated in the pursuit of the Confederate troops commanded by General Robert E. Lee (April 3–9), including the battles of Rice's Station (April 6) and Appomattox Court House (April 9), and the surrender of Lee and his army at Appomattox. Marched to Lynchburg and stationed there through April 15, <mask>'s regiment then marched to Farmville, Burkesville Junction (April 15–19) and, beginning April 22, to Richmond, where they remained through mid-June. <mask>, however, was not given the same rest period.Singled out as one of 40 men to be placed on detached duty in May, he and the other group members were ordered to board a steamer, and placed in charge of guarding a series of boxes which they initially were told contained guns. Upon their arrival in Washington, D.C., they oversaw the transport of those boxes to the White House where, in front of U.S. Secretary of War Edwin Stanton and other members of President Johnson's cabinet, the boxes were opened to reveal the battle flags which had been taken from Lee's Confederate forces. After being photographed with Stanton, the men were each given two months' pay and a 30-day furlough with transportation to their homes and back to camp. Upon his return to Richmond, <mask> was presented with his Medal of Honor (see "Medal of Honor citation" below), and was then honorably discharged with his regiment on June 16, 1865. Post-war life
Following his honorable discharge from the military, <mask> returned home to Pennsylvania. In 1868, he moved west in search of a better life. Choosing to settle in Illinois in 1868, he lived and worked as a bartender at the hotel operated by Joseph Pabst (1830–1913) and Johanna (Henneman) Pabst (1831–1886) in Elgin, Illinois, and it was here that he met his future wife — the Pabst's daughter, Mary

masks: Apple Apple Apple Apple Apple


title: Andrew O. Apple

texts:
 (1854–1928), a native of Chicago.They were married in Kane County, Illinois, on November 2, 1869. Their children were: Anna May (1871–1941), Joseph (1873-1930), Clarence Charles (1882–1903), <mask> (1877-1906), Clara (born in 1880-1902), and Viola (1886-1949). During the mid-1870s he embarked on a career as a fireman. After joining the Excelsior Hose Company on July 7, 1875, he then joined his city's fire department two years later on April 28. The next year (1878), he was appointed as the city's second assistant fire marshall. Appointed as the city's first assistant fire marshall in 1879, he served in that capacity until being awarded the post of city fire marshall in Elgin on May 14, 1889, a position he continued to hold for the remainder of his life. Friends and family referred to <mask> by his nickname, "Andy".A member of Elgin's First Congregational Church, he was also active with his local chapter of the Grand Army of the Republic, serving as Officer of the Day for post number 49 from 1885-1886 and in 1889. Illness, death and interment
Sometime during his early to mid-40s, <mask> developed Bright's Disease, a chronic inflammation of the kidneys. He died at his home in Elgin on June 7, 1890, at the age of 45 from complications related to that disease. Following funeral services at the First Congregational Church in Elgin, the hearse carrying his remains was escorted to his gravesite by comrades from his G.A.R. post, members of the fire department and other city officials. He was then buried in Elgin's Bluff City Cemetery. Medal of Honor citation
<mask> was awarded the U.S. Medal of Honor for his actions during the Third Battle of Petersburg, Virginia, on April 2, 1865.Award Issue Date: May 12, 1865. Citation:

The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of

masks:
George Oliver
Apple
Apple
Apple


title: Andrew O. Apple

texts:
 Honor to Corporal <mask><mask>, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism on April 2, 1865, while serving with Company I, 12th West Virginia Infantry, in action at Petersburg, Virginia, for conspicuous gallantry as Color Bearer in the assault on Fort Gregg. When interviewed in January 1890 about his being given the Medal of Honor, <mask> described how the award presentation and subsequent events unfolded in May 1865:

The first I knew that I had done anything out of the ordinary line was, one morning while we were in camp at Richmond, after coming from the scene of Lee's surrender, the orderly sergeant stopped at my tent and asked if I wanted to go home. I told him that we would all go so soon that I had better wait for the regiment.... [T]here was an intense satisfaction in being inside the city which had so long resisted our efforts. Instead of being content with my answer, the sergeant told me to fix up and report to regimental headquarters. I had but little choice as to the clothes I should wear, and at best looked more like a tramp than a respectable soldier. We had not drawn any garments for three months, and I was ragged, dirty, and with shoes that would have disgraced an ash barrel.The orders had to be obeyed, however, regardless of personal appearance, and on reporting I found a lieutenant and one private waiting for me. We three were then told to go to brigade headquarters, where were two men from the 23rd Illinois and one from the 116th Ohio. From here we were sent to the corps commander, and he in turn ordered us to the landing, where about forty had gathered, none of whom knew any more about their reason for being there than I did. A steamer was tied up to the bank.... We lounged around a long while ... and finally the order came for us to go on board as guard to the boxes. The steamer was bound for Washington, and

masks:
Andrew O
. Apple
Apple


title: Andrew O. Apple

texts:
 on arriving there we were to escort the freight to the White House. Even then none of our party realized what it was that we were to take such wonderful care of, and not until the cases had been opened in our presence before all the cabinet members did we learn that they contained General Lee's battle flags.... [W]e were placed in front of a camera, and then Secretary of War Stanton gave us the freedom of the city, two months' pay, a furlough of thirty days, together with free transportation to our homes and back.... I enjoyed every one of the thirty days, and went back to the front believing that I had been amply awarded for all that had been done in the assault on Fort Gregg, but ... the full payment for that day's work had not been made.We went into camp like schoolboys who had earned an unexpected holiday, and without the slightest idea that anything more was to follow ... the whole corps was drawn up in a hollow square [at their camp in Richmond], and the name of each member of the furloughed party was called in turn. As we stepped forward, General <mask>'s daughter came up and pinned a Congressional medal of honor on the breast of each one, and for the first time we understood that the country had decorated us with the highest possible gift as a reward for bravery.... It is not necessary to speak of the pride I felt at being singled out from so many brave fellows. If I had earned it unwittingly, it was none the less precious, and I value it more highly than words can tell. See also

List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: A–F
Pennsylvania in the American Civil War

References

External links

1845 births
1890 deaths
Union Army soldiers
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War
People from Northampton, Pennsylvania
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of


title: Zuzana Růžičková

texts:
<mask>á () (14 January 1927 – 27 September 2017) was a Czech harpsichordist. An interpreter of classical and baroque music, Růžičková was the first harpsichordist to record Johann Sebastian Bach's complete works for keyboard, in recordings made in the 1960s and 1970s for Erato Records. As a teenager, Růžičková was imprisoned in the Nazi concentration camps of Terezin and Auschwitz and transported to the Bergen-Belsen death camp. After the camp's liberation in April 1945, she returned to Plzeň later that year. Růžičková was the wife of Czech composer Viktor Kalabis. The couple both refused to join the Czechoslovak Communist Party which held power from 1948–89, and faced political persecution as a result. Růžičková performed across the world for 50 years, recorded over 100 records, and taught such prominent musicians as Christopher Hogwood, Ketil Haugsand, Jaroslav Tůma, and Mahan Esfahani.Early years
Růžičková was born in Plzeň in 1927. Her family owned a department store, and her father had spent four years in Chicago in the 1920s, working at the Ginsburg Department store. Although he had experienced success in the United States, her father returned to Czechoslovakia. Růžičková learned English from her father. Růžičková characterized her childhood as "very sweet" and her parents as "very much in love". According to Růžičková, her family was historically Jewish. Her mother was an Orthodox Jew, but her father was an atheist.Růžičková described herself as not particularly religious. Růžičková began taking piano lessons after suffering from pneumonia aged nine, as a reward for her recovery. Her piano teacher, Marie Provazníková, introduced her to the works of Bach


title: Zuzana Růžičková

texts:
 collections of Ruzickova's earlier recordings. Růžičková appeared in a 2017 documentary film about her life and music, Zuzana: Music is Life, directed by Peter Getzels and Harriet Gordon Getzels.Until her death Růžičková resided in Prague. In December 2016, a month before her 90th birthday, she revealed she had been diagnosed with cancer and had undergone chemotherapy. In 2019, her posthumous autobiography, One Hundred Miracles, written with Wendy Holden, was published by Bloomsbury, and translated into ten languages. Partial list of awards and recognitions

Titles
 Artist of Merit, 1968 (CZ)
 Nation Artist, 1989 (CZ)
 Professor of the Academy of Music in Prague, 1990 (CZ)
 Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres, 2004 (Fr)

Medals
 Aachen "Kulturpreis Karl IV" (2011)
 Medal of Merit 2 Grade for Arts and Culture of the President of the Czech Republic (2004)
 Medaille fur Kunst und Wissenschaft der Freusradt Hamburg (1993)
 Medal of Contribution to "Golden Funds if Supraphone" (1997)
 Medal of Harmony Musical Review (2001)
 Prize for Contribution to Czech and World Music (2001)
 Grenade Star of BOHEMIAN HERITAGE FUND, endowment fund (2013)

Prizes
 Grand Prix Cros (J.A. Benda, J.S. Bach)
 Diapason d’Or (Henry Purcell)
 Golden Disc Supraphone (300,000 LPs, CDs, and tapes sold)

Honors
 Hon. Member: Direktorium "Neue Bachgesellschaft" Leipzig
 NEMA (National Early Music Association of Great Britain)
 The Dvorak Society for Czech Music
 Honorary Citizen of the town Jindrichuv Hradec (CZ)
 Honorary Citizen of the township Praha 3

References

External links
 Official site
 Biography (in Czech)
 Czech radio interview
 France honours Czech harpsichordist <mask> Ruzickova


title: Sanjay Singh Yadav

texts:
<mask>, also often styled simply as <mask>, is an Indian author. He has written The Environmental Crisis of Delhi, The Invasion of Delhi, Portraits of India and a work in Hindi, Dilli par Kabza. He is an internationally acclaimed lyricist – he has been a semi-finalist in the United Kingdom Song Writing Contest for two successive years, 2013 and 2014. He has produced a documentary film entitled The Return of Raja Bhoj – in its Hindi version, Raja Bhoj Ki Wapsi. He has also been a contributor to various academic journals in different countries of the world. <mask> is the Founder and President of the Trumpist Party of India for Equality and Identity. Education
Yadav’s education is spread over several different countries and several notable institutions.He attended Scindia School, an elite boarding school in Gwalior. During 1967–68 he co-boarded with Mukesh Ambani at Siddharth House, a hostel of Scindia School. Later he attended University of Cambridge. Clare Hall, a Cambridge college, elected him a life-member in 1991. He was also a fellow of Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford.<ref nam Yadav holds a doctorate in international politics. Background
Yadav belongs to southern Haryana. His grandfather was the nobleman Chaudhri Babu Ram Yadav, titled as Rao Sahib by Lord Willingdon, the Viceroy and Governor-General of India.His late father was one of the first members of the Indian Police Service from Haryana and served in Madhya Pradesh. One of his brothers, Ajay, was in the Indian Administrative Service, and another, Vijay, is in the Madhya Pradesh cadre of the Indian Police Service. Work

Yadav founded the Trumpist Party of India for Equality and Identity on 17 January 2017, at an event widely covered by the international media. The party seeks to build a collaborative partnership of the wealthy, on the one hand, and the excluded castes, on the other, through extensive

masks:
Sanjay Singh Yadav
Sanjay Yadav
Yadav


title: Sanjay Singh Yadav

texts: Khushwant <mask>, India's premier writer.Writing in one of his regular weekly columns, <mask> remarked that the couplet of one of the poems "sycophancy is a practice in which, modern-day India is very rich" was an accurate summation of the mental state of Indians and "deserved to be quoted". Khushwant <mask>'s acclamation proved prophetic and Yadav has begun to win international endorsement and recognition. He secured the rank of a semi-finalist in the United Kingdom's Song Writing Contest 2013 for his submission 'Never Love a Woman'.Following this success two of India's premier newspapers, The Hindustan Times and the Hindu, did feature reports on Yadav. His entry for the 2014 contest, 'To None Ever Bound', also secured a semi-finals position. Yadav’s foray into film-making has yielded two documentaries, The Return of Raja Bhoj, and its Hindi version, Raja Bhoj Ki Wapasi. These films develop themes first argued in his writings, i.e. issues of external hegemony and indigenous subjugation.The setting for the films is Bhopal and the context a proposal to rename the city as 'Bhojpal'. The film-maker shows how the wealth of the city, indeed the entire state, is in the hands of people from far away. Therefore, the proposal to rename the city would be merely cosmetic, unless accompanied by steps to give the local populations a greater share in the wealth of the city and the state. Both, Yadav's writings and films, are informed by a passionate concern for subject indigenous populations held in bondage by imperial communities of outside provenance. It is wrong to see this interpretation as some sort of diatribe against migrants. Instead, these works should be seen as a depiction of India as a rigidly hierarchical quasi-imperial arrangement where small groups of people from the presidency towns of the Raj-era rule and dominate vast swathes of territory. This is what empires are about; and

masks: Singh Singh Singh


title: Sanjay Singh Yadav

texts:
 this is why, he implies, the vast majority of India's population lives in utter destitution.The challenge before India is the transition of this structure to a more democratic system of local control. Essentially, therefore, Yadav's work should be seen as a moving affirmation of the principles of democracy, freedom and liberty. As a researcher <mask> was associated with Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford. He wrote largely on South Asia, especially Afghanistan, where he has travelled in difficult and dangerous conditions of war. One of his papers on Afghanistan has become a landmark. Although written nearly 25 years ago, it continues to be cited and commented upon by strategists from Israel, the United Kingdom and USA. He contributed also to major Indian journals, The Illustrated Weekly of India and The Hindu.Additionally he wrote on the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and this work was the subject of a lecture he delivered at University of Oxford’s South Asian Studies Centre at St Antony's College. <mask> has also made other seminar presentations at University of Oxford. One of these was on the anti-Mandal riots of the 1990s and another on inter-ethnic relations and hierarchies in Delhi. The former has been praised and extensively quoted by former Harvard professor, senator and diplomat Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Awards
Semi-Finalist in the UK Song Writing Contest 2013 and 2014
Chevening Scholarship and Smuts stipend, University of Cambridge
Charles Wallace Stipend, University of Oxford

Bibliography
The Environmental Crisis of Delhi
The Invasion of Delhi
Portraits of India
Dilli par Kabza

Documentary films
The Return of Raja Bhoj
Raja Bhoj Ki Wapsi

References

External links

 India's migrants

21st-century Indian poets
Poets from Delhi
Living people
Indian environmental writers
Indian male poets
21st-century Indian male writers
Year of birth missing (living

masks: Yadav Yadav


title: Philip Cashian

texts:
<mask> (born 1963) is an English composer. He is the head of composition at the Royal Academy of Music. Biography
<mask> was born in Manchester in 1963 and studied at Cardiff University and the Guildhall School of Music and Drama with Oliver Knussen and Simon Bainbridge. In 1990 he was the Benjamin Britten fellow at Tanglewood where he studied with Lukas Foss. He was awarded the Britten Prize in 1991, the Mendelssohn Scholarship in 1992 and the PRS Composition Prize in 1994. His fast-paced style of music has been described as "an uncompromising reflection of the modern world". <mask> has collaborated and worked with many leading musicians, ensembles and orchestras.Performances include the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra, London Symphony Orchestra, BBC National Orchestra of Wales, BBC Symphony Orchestra, Britten Sinfonia, Royal Northern Sinfonia, Riga Sinfonietta, Ensemble Profil (Romania), Arctic Philharmonic, the Esprit Orchestra (Toronto), Birmingham Contemporary Music Group, London Sinfonietta, Ergon Ensemble (Athens), Festival de Mùsica de Alicante, Bergen Festival, Aspen Music Festival, Ojai Festival (California), Musikmonat (Basle), Moscow Autumn Festival, Aldeburgh Festival, Spitalfields Festival, Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival and the BBC Proms as well as recent performances in Germany, France, Austria, Hungary, Holland, Norway, Spain, Denmark, Sweden, Italy, Australia, New Zealand and China. In 2008 the London Sinfonietta commissioned <mask> to write The Opening of the House for their inaugural concert at Kings Place and later in the same year his first opera, The Cumnor Affair was premiered by Tête à Tête Opera Company at the Riverside Studios, London. Recent commissions include Firewheel for Dark Inventions, Strix for the Britten Sinfonia

masks:
Philip Cashian
Philip Cashian
Cashian
Cashian


title: Wong Chi Hang Sara

texts:
<mask> (; born 1968) is a Hong Kong-based visual artist and landscape architect. <mask> graduated with a BA degree in Fine Arts from the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 1992 and an MA in Landscape Architecture from the University of Hong Kong. <mask> was born in Hong Kong. She was one of the founding members of Para Site, a Hong Kong gallery and organisation dedicated to contemporary art forms which opened in 1996. She is part of the Fotanian artists studio community at Fo Tan in Hong Kong. Her work brings together the fields of architecture and art, addressing the ways people move through spaces by creating large sculptural forms. <mask> works alone and collaboratively with artists including as <mask>o Warren on socially engaged art projects such as City Cookie (1999-2003)

<mask>'s exhibitions include: Shanghai Biennale (2000),  50th Venice Biennale (2001), Gwangju (2002).Public collections
Kardist Art Foundation
Hong Kong Heritage Museum, Hong Kong, China

Awards
Artist Grant of the Centre de Reflexion sur l'Image et ses Contextes, Switzerland (2000);
Most Promising Artist of the Philippe Charriol Foundation, Hong Kong (1994);
Ramon Woon Art Creative Prize, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (1992).

masks:
Wong Chi Hang Sara
Wong
Wong
Wong
Leung Chi W
Wong


title: Eugenio Granell

texts: <mask> (28 November 1912 – 24 October 2001), recognised as the last Spanish Surrealist, was an artist, professor, musician and writer. As a political activist in the early 20th century, <mask> was characterised by his outspoken support of Democratic Socialism and opposition to Totalitarianism. <mask> joined the Trotskyists during his military service and eventually became a prominent member of POUM (Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista / Worker's Party of Marxist Unification) in 1935. Following the Civil War, <mask> fled to France where he was interned in concentration camps however after having escaped, <mask> then sought exile in the Americas. As a Surrealist Artist, <mask>'s work is principally characterised by its bright and vivid colours that explore nature and the indigenous symbolism of the Americas. His most famous works include Autorretrato (1944), Elegía por Andrés Nin (1991) as well as Crónica de los fiscales de los años horrendos (1986). <mask>'s work has been incorporated into exhibitions in the Maeght Gallery, the Bodley Gallery, The Museum of Modern Art as well as The Museum of Contemporary Art alongside other Surrealists such as André Breton and Marcel Duchamp.<mask> also dedicated himself as a poet, essayist and novelist, publishing 15 books in all. Some his first, and most prominent works, include 'El hombre Verde' (The Green Man, 1944) and 'Lo que sucedió' (What Occurred), a book he illustrated and designed himself which won Mexico's Don Quijote

masks:
Eugenio Fernández Granell
Granell
Eugenio
Granell
Eugenio
Eugenio
Granell
Granell


title: Eugenio Granell

texts:
 novel prize in 1969. From the mid-1960s until retirement, he was professor of Spanish literature at Brooklyn College. The Eugenio Granell Foundation was inaugurated in 1995 to conserve the life and work of the artist with an expansive collection of his oils, drawings, constructions, collages and archives. The museum also dedicates itself to the preservation of other Surrealists such as Joan Miró, Wifredo Lam, José Caballero, William Copley, Esteban Francés, Marcel Duchamp and Pablo Picasso. Early life

Born in Galicia, in the city of A Coruña, <mask> <mask> started out as a musician and political radical. In his youth he and his brother Mario, as well as other friends, set up the magazine SIR (Sociedad Infantil Revolucionaria).In 1928, <mask> enrolled at the Escuela Superior de Música del Real Conservatorio in Madrid. Among his friends were Maruja Mallo, Joaquín Torres García, Alberto Sánchez Wifredo Lam and Ricardo Baroja and as a member of the POUM during the Civil War, <mask> contributed actively to newspapers such as La Nueva Era, La Batalla and El Combatiente Rojo. In 1939, he went into exile and after arriving in France, he was held in internment camps for several months, but was eventually able to escape to Paris. While in the French capital, he continued the friendships with Benjamin Péret and Wifredo Lam which had started in Madrid prior to the civil war. <mask>'s affiliation with Trotsky made him the enemy of Fascists and Stalinists and steered him

masks:
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Granell
Eugenio
Granell


title: Eugenio Granell

texts:
 towards a life marked by exile and escape. As María Zambrano stated regarding Spain in the early twentieth century, the country was a "master of dispersal and wastefulness" as it forced many of its most outstanding artists and intellectuals into a painful flight to other countries. <mask> was one of those exiles, residing in France, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Guatemala and New York City.In the Dominican Republic, he was in the company of other Spanish exiles, including artists José Vela Zanetti and Josep Gausachs and writers like Vlady Serge, Segundo Derrano Poncela, Vicente Llorens. <mask> began his life as a painter in the Dominican Republic. He also continued to play the violin at the National Symphony which he had helped create with the musician Enrique Chapí, another refugee from Spain. When André Breton arrived in the island for a short visit, he liked <mask>'s paintings and encouraged him to continue. Breton also admired the magazine which <mask>, Alberto Baeza Flores (a politician from Chile) and several Dominican writers had created: "La Poesía Sorprendida". <mask> left an important legacy in the arts in this Caribbean island. The Dominican Republic
When <mask> arrived in the Dominican Republic in 1940, he had not yet discovered his talent for painting.Initially he worked as a violinist with the National Symphony Orchestra, which he helped organize with the musician Casal Chapí and as a journalist for the newspaper La Nación. In 1941 he began

masks: Granell Granell Granell Granell Granell Granell


title: Eugenio Granell

texts:
 painting, participating in an exhibit entitled Private Exhibit of Modern Spanish Painters in 1942. <mask> had his first solo exhibition in 1943, exhibiting 44 Surrealist paintings, this was the first exhibition of Surrealist works held in the country. He had another solo exhibition in 1945 featuring 200 of his works and in 1946 he exhibited in Puerto Rico and Guatemala. Later that same year, he left the Dominican Republic due to problems that arose when he refused to sign a document supporting the dictator Trujillo. <mask>, along with Dominican poets and Chilean diplomat Alberto Baeza Flores, formed an avant-garde magazine and literary movement, La Poesía Sorpendida. Guatemala and Puerto Rico
In 1946, <mask> left the Dominican Republic for Mexico where he was going to work with his party comrade Costa Amic.But landing in Guatemala, <mask> and his wife Amparo liked Guatemala City and decided to stay. Once there, he became an art professor, contributed to magazines and had a radio show in which he talked about art and artists, among other subjects. He also continued his painting and writing. His stay in Guatemala was cut short when the revolution began and he was seen as an anti communist. Jaime Benítez, the Rector of the University of Puerto Rico, had met <mask> when he had shown his art on the island a few years earlier and invited him and his family to move to Puerto Rico and become an art professor at the University. His stay on the island was very productive. He

masks: Granell Granell Granell Eugenio Granell


title: Eugenio Granell

texts:
 ignited interest in contemporary art in his students and many continued to paint and at some point had created a group called "El Mirador Azul".Some of these students included: Juan Maisonet, Rafael Ferrer, Frances del valle, Rosado, Cosette Zeno, and the poet "El Boquio". As he did in the Dominican Republic, <mask> left a school of art on the island. New York
In 1952, <mask> traveled to New York with his friend José Vela Zanetti, a fellow Spanish exile whom he met in the Dominican Republic. Once there, through Vela Zanetti, he met and developed a strong friendship with Marcel Duchamp. In 1957, after a sabbatical, <mask> and his family moved to New York and lived mainly on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York, until 1985 when the <mask> family returned to Spain. It was here that <mask> held several exhibits at the Bodley Gallery; some were solo shows, others were group shows with surrealists like Magritte, Max Ernst, and Duchamp. He studied sociology at the New School for Social Research and earned his PhD with the publication of a very personal study of Picasso's Guernica: "Picasso's Guernica.The End of a Spanish Era" (UMI Research Press, 1967 and 1981). <mask> was Professor Emeritus of Spanish Literature at City University of New York (CUNY). Return to Spain
In 1985, <mask> returned to Spain, where he was awarded numerous prizes and acknowledgements such as the 'Gold Medal of Fine Arts', awarded by the Council of Ministers as well as the 'Pablo Iglesias

masks: Granell Granell Granell Granell Granell Granell Granell


title: Eugenio Granell

texts:
 Award for the Arts' in 1995. The Eugenio Granell Foundation was created in 1995 in his home town Santiago de Compostela, Spain. The only museum in the world entirely devoted to surrealism which holds some 600 of his paintings along with works by Picabia, Duchamp, Man Ray, Joan Miró, Esteban Francés, Philip West among many others. <mask> also published several books in Spain, including "La novela del Indio Tupinamba", a surrealist, personal and unique vision of the Spanish Civil War. It has since been translated into English and published by City Lights.Another important publication is "Isla cofre mítico", dedicated to André Breton and his wife Elise whom he had met in the Dominican Republic in 1941, a truly lasting friendship. The Eugenio Granell Foundation was created in Santiago de Compostela in 1995. Situated in Plaza del Toral in the historic centre, <mask> donated many of his own works (oils, drawings, constructions, found objects), as well as his collection of works by other surrealist artists. His Library and archives are also found in the Foundation. <mask> died in Madrid in 2001. An important part of his personal archive is located in the Pavelló de la República CRAI Library - University of Barcelona and consists of press clippings about Spanish Civil War, Exile, Francoism, POUM, and cultural activities. But most of his archives can be found at the Eugenio Granell Foundation.<mask>'s Work

Although springing from the depths of his subconscious like that of

masks: Granell Granell Granell Granell


title: Eugenio Granell

texts: all the surrealists, <mask>'s work is influenced by the places where he lived, particularly the exuberance of the Caribbean and the blend of Spanish and native cultures. Surrealism recognises no social function of art other than that of liberating the individual and society from the repression of reason, allowing the creator to express his instincts and dreams. In 1959, André Breton organized an exhibit called The Homage to Surrealism Exhibition to celebrate the Fortieth Anniversary of Surrealism which exhibited works by Salvador Dalí, Joan Miró, Enrique Tábara and <mask> <mask>. There is absolutely no censorship in <mask>'s work. Poetry blossoms, shrouding unrecognisable figures where trees, animals and people merge into hybrid beings that undergo constant metamorphosis. Works where the strong colours are framed in sculptural compositions, in human figures on the verge of formal delirium, or in voluptuous compositions that appear to be a microscopic dimension of an unknown world. Playfulness, advocated by the surrealists as an expression of freedom, pervades the whole of this artist's work.<mask>'s dialogue and writing have always ironically mocked solemnity and reason itself. Such are his painting, his sculpture and his readymades: an extremely beautiful elegy to freedom and the purity of feelings. The major books on <mask> and his work, such as monographs and catalogues, are mostly in Spanish or Galician, but they are widely available in libraries throughout the

masks: Granell Eugenio Granell Granell Granell Granell


title: Eugenio Granell

texts:
 world, including the United States. All of the catalogues of <mask>'s exhibits published by the Fundación Granell, are also written in English. <mask> also published a book of meditations and critical reflections on Picasso's Guernica, and this book is available in English as well as in Spanish and Galician (see "References" section). Works by <mask> are on display in major museums, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Reina Sofía Museum in Madrid. Bibliography

English-translated works

Picasso's Guernica: the end of a Spanish era (Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Research Press.1981)
 <mask> <mask>; Benjamin Péret, The Novel of the Tupinamba Indian (San Francisco, CA: City Lights Publishers. 2017) (translated by David Coulter)
 <mask> <mask>; César Antonio Molina, Eugenio <mask> (Publisher: A Coruña: Diputación Provincial de A Coruña, 1994)
 <mask> <mask>, Picasso's Guernica: the end of a Spanish era (Ann Arbor, Mich. : UMI Research Press, 1981)

Published books

<mask> <mask>; "El Hombre Verde, 1944. <mask> <mask> <mask>; "Isla, cofre mítico", Editorila Caribe, Puerto Rico, 1951
<mask> <mask>; "La Novela  del Indio Tupinaba", Costa-Amic, México, 1959. <mask> <mask>; "El Clavo", La Novela Popular, 1967,
<mask> <mask>; "Picasso's Guernica. The End of a Spanish Era", UMI Research Press, 1967, 1981
<mask> <mask>; "Lo que sucedió....", España Errante, México, 1968
<mask> <mask>; "Federica no era tonta y otros Cuentos", Costa-Amic editor, México 1970. <mask>

masks:
Granell
Granell
Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández GranellEugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio


title: Eugenio Granell

texts:
 <mask>; "La Leyenda de Lorca y otros Escritos", 1973. <mask> <mask>, edición de; "Asi que pasen cico años.Amor de D. Perlimplin con Belisa en su Jardin", Taurus, 1976, 1981. <mask> <mask>; "Estela de Presagios",Poemas; Ilustraciones: LUdwig Zeller, Oasis ed., Canada, 1981. <mask> Fernández Granel, Juan Manuel Bonet, Emmanuel Guigon, Fernando Castro, Jean Marcel, Edouard Jaguer, Jean Schuster, Martica Sawin, Susanne Klengel, Lourdes Andrade, André Coyné, Marceline Pleynet, Belinda Rathbone, José Pierre; El Surrealismo entre viejo y nuevo mundo, 1989. <mask> Ferenández <mask>, "Federica no era tonta", Colección Algorán, 1993
<mask> <mask>, "Ile, coffre mythique", Les Iles Fortunées,1993. Translated by Paul Aubert. <mask> <mask>, "La chambre noire", Les Iles Fortunées, 1994
<mask> <mask>, Juan Ramón Jiménez, Fernando Castro Flórez; "Isla Cofre Mítico",1996. <mask> <mask>, "A l'aéroport", Les Iles Fortunées, 1996.<mask> Fdernández <mask>, "Ensayos, encuentros e invenciones", Edición y Prólogo de CA Molina, La Rama Dorada, Huerga & Fierro, 1998. <mask> <mask>, "El aire fresco de <mask> F<mask>", Introducciónde Isabel Castells, Fundación Eugenio Granell, 2000. <mask> <mask>,"Breves encentros con Granell", Renfe,2000. <mask> <mask>; "El Guernica de Picasso. El final de una era española",Fundación Picasso, Málaga, 2002
<mask> <mask>, Carlos Arias, "<mask> Granell", Xunta sde Galicia, 2005. Biografía en gallego. <mask> <mask>, "Memorias de Compsotela.Visión orlada por

masks:
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Eugenio
Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
. Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Fernández Granell
Eugenio
Eugenio
Fernández Granell