title: David Walliams

texts: <mask>  (born 20 August 1971), known professionally as <mask>, is an English comedian, actor, writer, and television personality. He is best known for his work with Matt Lucas on the BBC sketch comedy series Rock Profile (1999–2000, 2009), Little Britain (2003–2007) and Come Fly With Me (2010–2011). Since 2012, Walliams has been a judge on the television talent show competition Britain's Got Talent on ITV. He is also a writer of children's books, having sold more than 37 million copies worldwide. Walliams played the role of Greville White in the 2007 television drama film Capturing Mary. From 2013 to 2014, he wrote and starred in the BBC One sitcom Big School. In 2015, Walliams starred as Tommy Beresford in the BBC drama series Partners in Crime, and wrote and starred in his own sketch comedy series Walliams & Friend.He has won the award for Best TV Judge for his work on Britain's Got Talent at the 2015, 2018 and the 2020 National Television Awards. Walliams began writing children's novels in 2008 after securing a contract with the publisher HarperCollins. His books have been translated into 53 languages, and he has been described as "the fastest-growing children's author in the UK", with a literary style compared to that of Roald Dahl. Some of his books have been adapted into television films, which he has also appeared in, such as Mr Stink (2012), Gangsta Granny (2013) and Billionaire Boy (2016). Walliams was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 Birthday Honours for services to charity and the arts. His charity work includes swimming the English Channel, Strait of Gibraltar and River Thames, raising millions of pounds

masks:
David Edward Williams
David Walliams


title: David Walliams

type: original

texts:
 for the BBC charity Sport Relief. Early life and education
Walliams was born at St Teresa's Maternity Hospital in Wimbledon, in the London Borough of Merton, in 1971.He is the son of Peter Williams (1936–2007), a London Transport engineer, and Kathleen Williams (née Ellis), a laboratory technician who worked at Sutton Grammar School. Walliams grew up in Banstead, Surrey, specifically in the residential area of Nork, with his mother, father and sister Julie. He was educated at Collingwood Boys' School in Wallington, and Reigate Grammar School in Surrey, where he was a contemporary of writer Robert Shearman. From 1989 to 1992, he studied at the University of Bristol, where he resided at Manor Hall and graduated with Bachelor of Arts (Drama). During university holidays in 1990, Walliams performed with the National Youth Theatre, where he met future comedy partner and friend Matt Lucas. He changed his stage name to <mask> when he joined college Equity, as there was already a member named <mask>. Television career
Walliams performed in the Big Finish Productions Doctor Who audio play Phantasmagoria, written by Mark Gatiss in 1999.In 2005, Walliams, Simon Pegg, Lucy Davis and Lauren Laverne starred in the video for Charlotte Hatherley's single "Bastardo". Later in the year, Walliams presented a documentary on James Bond, entitled <mask>: My Life with James Bond. In 2007, he returned to non-comedy television, garnering positive reviews for his portrayal of a suave and dangerous manipulator in Stephen Poliakoff's Capturing Mary. He portrayed comedian Frankie Howerd in the BBC Four television film Rather You Than Me. In 2010, Walliams appeared with Paul Rudd

masks:
David Walliams
David Williams
David Walliams


title: David Walliams

texts: and Steve Carell in the comedy Dinner for Schmucks. Walliams played the strange mole-like alien Gibbis in the sixth series of Doctor Who, in the episode "The God Complex", broadcast on BBC One in 2011. In April 2012 Walliams appeared in an episode of ITV's Perspectives programme entitled "<mask>s: The Genius of Dahl".Also in 2012, he narrated Are You Having a Laugh? TV and Disability on BBC Two, and the ITV2 series Top Dog Model. In 2013, Walliams appeared in two episodes of the comedy series Blandings as Rupert Baxter, an efficiency expert hired to serve as Lord Emsworth's secretary. Also that year, and in 2014, Walliams starred as chemistry teacher Keith Church in the BBC One sitcom Big School, which he created and co-wrote. The series also starred Catherine Tate, Frances de la Tour and Philip Glenister. In March 2014 Walliams narrated a short video for the charity, Electrical Safety First, featuring the character Charley from the Charley Says educational films of the 1970s. For Comic Relief 2015, Walliams appeared as Lou Todd and Stephen Hawking in the Andy Pipkin role along with Catherine Tate as a nun.In 2015, coinciding with the 125th anniversary of Agatha Christie's birth, Walliams played the role of Tommy Beresford in Partners in Crime, a six-part BBC series. In September 2015, Walliams began filming for his BBC sketch show Walliams & Friend, which also starred Joanna Lumley and Morgana Robinson and premiered on Christmas Eve in 2015. The show returned for a full series in November 2016. Walliams hosted the final comedy show Thrills and Spills in December 2016. The final was held in Louisville, Kentucky. In December 2016, Walliams presented the


title: David Walliams

texts:
 suffers from Alzheimer's disease from a care home run by an evil matron. The book was adapted for BBC One, with the script written by Walliams and Kevin Cecil, and starring Tom Courtenay as Grandpa. This book, although set in the 1980s like Awful Auntie is, sees the return of Raj the newsagent.The same year that Grandpa's Great Escape was published, Walliams backed children's fairytales app GivingTales in aid of UNICEF, together with Roger Moore, Stephen Fry, Ewan McGregor, Joan Collins, Joanna Lumley, Michael Caine, Charlotte Rampling and Paul McKenna. The Midnight Gang was published in November 2016. Bad Dad was published in November 2017. Walliams sold £16.57 million worth of books in 2017. The Ice Monster was published in November 2018. Walliams' latest children's novel, Slime, was published in April 2020. Picture books

Short story collections

Illustrated in colour by Tony Ross, Walliams' three The World's Worst Children short story collections, centered around 'five beastly boys and five gruesome girls', were published in May 2016, May 2017 and May 2018, respectively.The World's Worst Teachers was published on 27 June. In September 2021 it was announced that one of the stories in The World's Worst Children would be removed after podcaster Georgie Ma made a complaint, saying <mask>' book was "normalising jokes on minorities from a young age." The story criticized by Ma earlier in the year is "about a Chinese boy called Brian Wong" who is "never, ever wrong". Ma, who also called out the story for its "casual racism", talked in May with representatives of HarperCollins, who agreed to remove the story in future editions of the book. Other


title: David Walliams

texts:
 work

Theatre
On 26 August 2008 <mask> made his stage debut at the Gate Theatre in Dublin opposite Michael Gambon in Harold Pinter's No Man's Land, in front of an audience that included Pinter himself. The production transferred to London later in the year. In 2013, he played the part of Bottom in a production of A Midsummer Night's Dream at the Noël Coward Theatre opposite Sheridan Smith as Titania.In July 2014, Walliams appeared on stage with Monty Python during their live show Monty Python Live (Mostly) held at the O2 Arena, London. He was the special guest in their "Blackmail" sketch. Screenwriting
In addition to his writing credits for his sketch shows and adaptions of his novels, he co-wrote an animated film titled Shadows with filmmaker Edgar Wright for DreamWorks Animation. It was released in 2019. In 2018, Walliams also starred in the British Airways Safety video, which was conducted in conjunction with Comic Relief for the airlines in house charity. Walliams most notable occasion in the video is the lifejacket instruction. Since then the video has been reworked with a mixture of the previous version; however, Walliams still appears in the new version.Personal life
In 2007, Walliams' father, Peter, died of an aggressive form of liver cancer. In 2009, Walliams began dating Dutch model Lara Stone. On 20 January 2010, they got engaged after her parents had given their blessing to the relationship. On 16 May 2010, the couple were married at central London's Claridge's Hotel. On 6 May 2013, Stone gave birth to the couple's first child, Alfred. Walliams and Stone lived in the house with recording studio, formerly owned by Noel Gallagher, known as


title: David Walliams

texts:
 all the fuss is about. Kim x. PS Can't wait to read Bad Dad." Stereotypes and black face
In June 2020, Netflix, Britbox, NOW TV and BBC iPlayer dropped Walliams and Lucas' Little Britain and Come Fly With Me, over the use of blackface and stereotypes to portray black, disabled, working class, transgender, and gay people.In Little Britain, both Walliams and Lucas use make up to portray different races, with Walliams portraying a black health-spa guest called Desiree Devere. Variety Magazine attributed the widespread removal of the series on streaming platforms to heightened awareness in the wake of George Floyd's murder and the resulting Black Lives Matter protests. After the removal, Walliams and Lucas released identical apologies on their Twitter: "[We] have both spoken publicly in recent years of our regret that we played characters of other races. Once again we want to make it clear that it was wrong & we are very sorry.”

Children's books
In July 2020, tweets by author and activist Jack Monroe described Walliams' books as "like Little Britain for kids", with "horrific racism and classism and bodyshaming in a veneer of privileged deniability". Harper Collins issued a response, stating "<mask>'s books have a diverse readership which is reflected in their content". Filmography

Television

Film

Awards and honours
Walliams was given a special award in recognition of his sporting efforts for charity. Matt Lucas produced a documentary on the subject, entitled Little Britain's Big Swim.On 6 November 2006, Walliams won the Pride of Britain Award for "The Most Influential Public Figure" as he raised more than £1.5 million swimming the channel for the


title: Duncan Druce

texts:
<mask> (23 May 193913 October 2015) was an English composer, string player and musicologist, noted for his breadth of musical interests ranging from contemporary music to baroque and early music, as well as music of India. Education and academic life
<mask> was born in Cheshire in 1939, the son of the former Katy Chesters and of <mask>, a bacteriologist. In 1957, he entered King's College, Cambridge, which later awarded him a double first in music. Subsequently, he completed a Masters at the University of Leeds and, in 1984 embarked upon a second master's degree, at the University of York, choosing this time the music of southern India as the topic of his thesis. In 1991, <mask> stood down from his long-standing post as senior lecturer at Leeds University's Bretton Hall Campus, in order to continue to work as a performer and composer. <mask> lectured in composition part-time at the University of Huddersfield until his death. <mask> married Clare Spalding in 1964.The couple had two daughters, Alison and Emily. His widow, daughters, four grandchildren and a great-grandson, and his sister Cathy all survive him. Performing career
When working as a music producer for the BBC in the late 1960s, <mask> became a notable and much in demand violin and viola player of contemporary music. He was an original member of Harrison Birtwistle's Pierrot Players, noted for his rendition of the violin/viola part in Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire. <mask> also performed with the ensembles Music Theatre Ensemble and the Fires of London during this period. Contrastingly, <mask> was also one of the most respected figures in

masks:
Robert Duncan Druce
Druce
Robert Druce
Druce
Druce
Druce
Duncan Druce
Druce
Druce


title: Duncan Druce

texts:
 the performance of Early Music. One of the few living British champions of the viola d'amore, he was a member of Christopher Hogwood's Academy of Ancient Music, was an original member of the Yorkshire Baroque Soloists and continued to play with groups such as the Pennine Chamber Ensemble.<mask> continued to perform regularly, either on one of his baroque violins, violas or his viola d'amore in recitals across the country until his death. Compositions
Sonata for violin and piano (1965)
Piano Trio (16’) (1967)
Jugalbundi, for clarinet and viola (1968)
Hora Rumana, for violin and piano (5’) (1969)
String Quartet No 1 (22’) (1969)
The Tower of Needles, for soprano, violin/viola, cello, clarinet, flute/picc., piano, perc. (28’) (1970–1971)
Whose doing is it? (Tolstoy), for narrator, string orchestra, percussion (14’) (1971)
A Red King's Crown, for piano (16’) (1971)
Chiasmata, for two violas (12’) (1972)
Images from Nature, for voice, flute, cello, piano (11’) (1973)
Fantasy and Divisions, for orchestra (2121 1110 perc. timp. strings) (12’) (1993)
Earth, Sun, Moon, for mixed chorus and renaissance wind instruments (shawms, cornetti, recorders, trombones – *or modern equivalents) (10’) (1995)
String Quartet No 3 – Homage to Smetana (22’) (1996–1997)
The Garden of Cyrus, fantasia for five viols (12’) (2000)
Scanned across the dark space, for orchestra (3232 4331 perc., timp., harp, strings) (9’) (2000)
The Selfish Giant – musical show for children. Text, after Oscar Wilde, <mask> (2001)
Three Settings of Ave Maria, for two violins and cello (6’) (2001)
Rainbow Stories – musical show for children.Text,

masks:
Druce
Clare Druce


title: Duncan Druce

texts:
 <mask> (2002)
String Quartet No 4 (12’) 2004–2005

Mozart Requiem
In 1984, <mask> finished a new completion of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Requiem, which was performed at The Proms in 1991. This completion (which is published by Novello and includes a new edition of the original and most famous Süssmayr completion) is still widely performed today. In his preface to the score, <mask> explains:

 'Whilst the work as a whole has proved to be one of Mozart's best loved and most admired, it has been clear ever since [Süssmayr's completion] was first published that it sometimes lacks the perfection of detail, smooth craftmanship, the imaginative relationship of subsidiary material to the whole that is so characteristic of Mozart's other mature masterpieces. Süssmayr's orchestration [...] may not often get in the way of Mozart's vision, but rarely enhances it.' Other Mozart works which <mask> completed include Quintet Movement for clarinet and strings K.516c (commissioned by Alan Hacker), and Concerto movement for horn and orchestra in E, K.494a. References

1939 births
2015 deaths
Alumni of the University of York
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
People from Cheshire (before 1974)
Alumni of the University of Leeds
Academics of the University of Leeds
English classical violinists
British male violinists
English classical violists
English classical viola d'amore players
English male composers
20th-century English composers
21st-century English composers
English musicologists
Academics of the University of Huddersfield
20th-century British male musicians
21st-century British male musicians
Male classical

masks:
Clare Druce
Druce
Druce
Druce


title: A. S. F. Gow

texts:
<mask> (27 August 1886 – 2 February 1978) was an English classical scholar and teacher. Apart from eleven years as a master at Eton College between 1914 and 1925 his career was entirely at Trinity College, Cambridge. At Trinity, Gow was a colleague and friend of A. E. Housman, on whose works he became an authority. The two men shared a sharp-tongued scholarly intolerance of anything they saw as slipshod, pretentious or badly thought-through, but Gow nonetheless won the affection of many of his students. He was Housman's literary executor, and published a book about his friend shortly after Housman's death. Gow's principal subject as a scholar was the Greek bucolic poet Theocritus, his works on whom remain a core source for modern students of the poet. Life and career

Early life
Gow was born in Gower Street, London, the eldest of the three children, all of whom were boys, of Dr (later the Rev) <mask> (1854–1923) and his wife <mask>, née Everett-Green.<mask>, formerly a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, was headmaster of Nottingham High School from 1885 to 1901, and of Westminster School from 1901 to 1919. Gow was christened <mask> after an uncle who was Keeper of the Royal Academy, and, according to a biographical sketch in The Times, it may well have been from the uncle and his circle of friends, which included Poynter and <mask>-Tadema, that Gow derived his interest in paintings. Gow was educated at Nottingham High School and then at Rugby School, after which, in 1905, he won a classical scholarship to

masks:
Andrew Sydenham Farrar Gow
James Gow
Gertrude Sydenham
James Gow
Andrew
Alma


title: A. S. F. Gow

texts:
 Trinity, Cambridge. In the following five years he twice won the Porson Prize for Greek verse composition, the Browne medal for Latin and Greek poetry, and the Charles Oldham Classical Scholarship. Together with Rupert Brooke and others he helped to found the Marlowe Society. He took a first class in both parts of the tripos, gaining a distinction in classical archaeology. Early career

Gow was elected a Fellow of Trinity in 1911, and took a number of pupils.He applied on four occasions for permanent posts in Cambridge, but was unsuccessful each time. His biographer Hugh Lloyd-Jones suggests that Gow's personality and appearance were a hindrance:

In 1914 Gow became a master at Eton College, where he remained for eleven years. He did not serve in the armed forces during the First World War, because a heart murmur disqualified him for service; he volunteered to help train young soldiers in the use of the Lewis gun. Lloyd-Jones comments that some of Gow's Eton pupils were daunted by his dryness and his caustic wit, others recognised his fine scholarship and the considerable help he gave them; he became known, not unaffectionately, as "Granny Gow" by pupils and colleagues. His Eton pupils included <mask>-Brock, David Lindsay, <mask>, and George Orwell. Trinity don

By 1925 Gow was settled at Eton and looking forward to becoming a housemaster, when he was invited to resume his fellowship at Trinity as a preliminary to being appointed Tutor. He hesitated because his perfectionism led him to question whether he could

masks:
Alan Clutton
Anthony Powell


title: A. S. F. Gow

texts:
 meet the academic standards he felt necessary for such a post.Two academics who knew him well, D. S. Robertson and A. E. Housman convinced him that his doubts were unwarranted, and he accepted. Trinity remained his home for the rest of his life. He was a University Lecturer, 1925–51; Tutor, 1929–42; Praelector, 1946–51; and Brereton Reader in Classics, 1947–51. Gow served successively on the Council of the Senate, the General Board of the Faculties, and, as chairman, the Board of Fine Arts. More congenial to him, according to The Times, was his long membership of the Fitzwilliam Museum board. Lloyd-Jones writes that Gow did much to interest undergraduates in art, "a subject by no means popular among the Cambridge dons of his generation." Though not a man of means, Gow became a respected collector and connoisseur of art.Among the undergraduates who were grateful for his enthusiasm and guidance was <mask>; he wrote of Gow:

Gow, like his friend and Trinity colleague Housman, was known for his high standards, impatience with anything second-rate, and a sharp tongue. His Eton colleague and lifelong friend George Lyttelton commented, "That Housman blend of an impossibly lofty and unsympathetic standard with needlessly abusive words is really very regrettable and unhelpful". The Times observed that another side to Gow's character was shown in the letters he wrote month by month to pupils serving in the forces during the Second World War: "In them he is as his friends knew him – wise, warm-hearted, and possessed of a


title: Tony Bevan

texts:
<mask>  (born 1951) is a British painter, known for his psychologically charged images of people at the edge of respectable society. Biography
Bevan was born in Bradford, Yorkshire. He studied at Bradford School of Art from 1968 to 1971, followed by Goldsmiths' College, London from 1971 to 1974, and the Slade School of Fine Art from 1974 to 1976. He was elected to the Royal Academy of Arts in London as an Academician in 2007. Bevan came to prominence as an artist in the 1980s, taking part in the ICA show Before it hits the floor in 1982, Problems of Picturing, curated by Sarah Kent and held at the Serpentine Gallery in London in 1982-83, and The British Art Show, a touring exhibition of contemporary art, in 1984. This was followed by exhibitions mainly in the USA and Germany, including the LA Louver Gallery, California, in 1989, 1992 and 1995, and Kunsthalle, Kiel, in 1988, Staatsgalerie Moderner Kunst Haus der Kunst, Munich, in 1989, and Galerie Wittenbrink, in Munich, during the 1990s. Bevan also exhibits in Australia, at Niagara Galleries, Melbourne and Liverpool Street Gallery, Sydney, with recent solo shows in 2013.In 2006 Bevan was invited to explore the printmaking technique of monoprints, a technique he had not previously tried, at the Scuola de Grafica in Venice. This resulted in over 80 images which were subsequently shown at Marlborough Fine Art in London, and marked the beginning of an interest in printmaking Bevan retains to this day. Bevan has work in many major art collections around the world, including Arts Council England, the Israel Museum, Jerusalem, the British Museum, the Louisiana Museum in Denmark, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, the Museum of Modern Art, New York and the Tate. He is represented by Marlborough Fine Art, L.A. Louver and Ben Brown Fine Arts, London. Style and influences

Bevan's subject matter focuses predominantly on the human figure. In doing so he uses a distressed linear style, which has been described as graphic and even deliberately crude. In the


title: Tony Bevan

texts: estimation of the art critic Sarah Kent, writing in 1985, this quality is a reflection of the social times in which Bevan finds himself, with the highly charged political climate of the mid-1980s in Britain, under the government of Margaret Thatcher, provoking artists like Bevan to 'roll over and play dead, to escape into fantasy, or to stand and fight'.The implication of Kent's analysis was that Bevan chose to stand and fight. What this meant in practical terms was that Bevan produced psychologically charged images of people at the edge of respectable society, in a style that drew influence from sources ranging from early twentieth century New Objectivity artists, to Frances Bacon and the painters of the School of London, and the ephemera of street graffiti and popular culture. Indeed, commenting on <mask>'s entry in the Whitechapel Open exhibition in 1992 art critic David Cohen described, as a compliment, one of Bevan's self-portraits as looking like 'a cross between Lucian Freud and Dennis the Menace... arousing associations of delinquency and social unrest.' In addition to his 'rough, jagged lines', Bevan's work is characterised by a limitation placed on his colour palette, and his addition of grit or sand to the acrylic paint he uses. Although this handling has led some critics to associate Bevan with the School of London, this connection has been disputed, most notably by Grace Glueck in The New York Times. So it is possibly more accurate to link Bevan to artists like Steven Campbell, Ken Currie and Peter Howson, who also came to prominence in the 1980s, and like Bevan worked under a noticeable influence from 'expressionistic' forms of German art. Bevan himself wrote his thesis at art school on the highly expressive German eighteenth-century sculptor, Franz Xaver Messerschmidt, and acknowledged Messerschmidt's influence on his own work.In an interview in 2011 Bevan stated: 'I've used elements [of Messerschmidt] in the past, but recently I decided to work specifically through these sculptures. So I


title: Tony Bevan

texts:
 used formal elements from the sculptures to make self-portraits because it's believed that a lot of these sculptures were self-portraits. So I used the formal elements of his to work through my own self-portraits. '<ref name="Lau">Doretta Lau, '<mask> and His Self-Portraits', in The Wall Street Journal', 3 March 2011</ref>

As with the Scottish artists Campbell, Currie and Howson, there is a clear interest in attempting to represent an internal or psychological reality in Bevan's paintings by finding visual equivalents to a subject's state of mind. It is also notable that Bevan's most frequent subject in his paintings is himself, which again adds weight to the argument he is seeking to create 'psychological portraits'. Indeed, this is a quality Bevan himself notes, admitting that he was heavily influenced as a student by a book called Psychoanalytic Approaches to Art (unidentified). Paradoxically, despite being described as having a 'graphic style', it was not until relatively recently that Bevan began making prints.This followed a two-week professional workshop at the Scuola de Grafica in Venice with the printmakers Simon Marsh and Mike Taylor in 2006. Writing in the catalogue for the exhibition of these prints in London in 2007 Marco Livingstone noted they possessed many of the same physical and psychological qualities of <mask>'s paintings, writing that they "reveal as much in their materiality as in the imaginative and emotional dimension of their imagery". References

Further reading

 de Baranano, Kosme, <mask>  (London: Lund Humphries, 978-0853319511, 2006). Livingstone, Marco, <mask>van: Monotypes''  (London: Marlborough Fine Art, 2007)

External links

A head of his time. Alfred Hickling on the obsessive self-portraits of <mask>
<mask> at Abbot Hall Gallery, Kendal
<mask>van personal site
 <mask> on Artcyclopedia
 Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections

1951 births
Living people
20th-century English painters
English male painters
21st-century English painters
21st-century male artists
Royal

masks:
Tony Bevan
Bevan
Tony Bevan
Tony Be
Tony Bevan
Tony Bevan
Tony Be
Tony Bevan


title: John Brodie

texts:
<mask> (born August 14, 1935) is a former American football player, a quarterback for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL) for 17 seasons. He had a second career as a Senior PGA Tour professional golfer, and was a television broadcaster for both sports. During various years of his NFL career, Brodie led the League in passing yardage, passing touchdowns, fewest sacks, and lowest percentage of passes intercepted. He retired as the third most prolific career passer in NFL history, and was the league MVP in  and a two-time Pro Bowler. Biography

Early years and education
Born in Menlo Park, California, <mask> grew up in the Montclair district of Oakland and attended Montclair Grammar (later Elementary) School. He was a standout athlete at Oakland Technical High School and graduated in 1953. Brodie played college football across the San Francisco Bay at Stanford University, where he was admitted to the Zeta Psi fraternity.In his senior season of 1956, <mask> was a consensus All-American and also played on the Stanford golf team, which kept him out of spring football drills. <mask> nearly chose golf for his sporting career, turning professional following completion of his time on the Stanford team and playing in several tournaments on the PGA Tour. Brodie later said of his first golfing experience:
"You talk about pressure. I was always worried that I wasn't going to make the cut. Fact is there was only one time I was close enough to say I was in competition in the final round. I had to make up my mind. I couldn't be  pro in two sports and do justice to either one."Professional football career

<mask> was the third overall selection of the 1957 NFL draft and saw limited action as a rookie with the 49ers in 1957. He got more playing time in 1958 through 1960, sharing time with Y. A. Tittle; he became the starter in 1961 (Tittle was traded to the New York Giants), and continued in that role

masks:
John Riley Brodie
Brodie
Brodie
Brodie
Brodie


title: John Brodie

texts: through 1973. Brodie was among the leading passers in the league throughout the 1960s. His best statistical year was 1965 when he led the League in passing yardage (3,112 yards) and passing touchdowns (30), leading to his first of two Pro Bowl appearances. Following his outstanding 1965 season, in which he made about $35,000, Brodie was courted by the Houston Oilers of the rival American Football League. Newspaper reports indicated that a contract with the Oilers paying between $650,000 and $1 million had been arranged.After the NFL Giants signed kicker Pete Gogolak from the AFL champion Bills, offers to <mask> and other NFL stars, like Mike Ditka and Roman Gabriel, expedited the merger agreement between the two leagues in June . An improved contract offer from the 49ers moved <mask> to stay put in San Francisco, however, and a multi-year deal paying <mask> $900,000 over several seasons was instead inked. The 1970 season proved to be a particularly stellar for Brodie. During that year he led the entire NFL with 24 touchdown passes, 223 completions, 2,941 yards, and a passer rating of 93.8. while taking a league low 8 sacks during the entire season. <mask> also paced NFL quarterbacks with a league-leading 2.6% of his passes resulting in interception. <mask>'s outstanding season was rewarded when he received the 1970 NFL Most Valuable Player Award, and the 49ers had the number one offense by points, and ultimately won their first playoff game in franchise history. When <mask> retired from the NFL at the end of the 1973 season, he ranked third in career passing yards, behind only <mask> and Fran Tarkenton.He ranked eighth in touchdown passes upon his retirement, and he stayed in the top ten for most touchdown passes from 1970 to 1988. On each list, only he and one other player are not in the Pro Football Hall of Fame (Babe Parilli and <mask>, respectively). In 2004, he was named to the Professional Football

masks:
Brodie
Brodie
Brodie
Brodie
Brodie
Brodie
Johnny Unitas
John Hadl


title: John Brodie

texts:
 Researchers Association Hall of Very Good in the association's second HOVG class. Career after football

After he retired from football, <mask> served as an NFL football and golf analyst for NBC Sports. He spent two seasons (1977 and 1978) as the network's No. 1 NFL analyst, alongside play-by-play man Curt Gowdy, and called Super Bowl XIII in January 1979. Among the other notable NFL games he worked was the Epic in Miami, the January 1982 AFC playoff game between the San Diego Chargers and Miami Dolphins, with play-by-play man Don Criqui.He competed as a professional golfer on the Senior PGA Tour (now the Champions Tour) from 1985 to 1998. Brodie had one win and twelve top-ten finishes, earning a total of $735,000. He had the longest gap between appearances in the U.S. Open — missing the cut in both 1959 and 1981. Brodie suffered a major stroke in 2000, rendering speech difficult for him. In 2006, <mask>'s number 12 jersey was brought out of retirement and worn by Trent Dilfer, backup quarterback for the 49ers. Dilfer, a close personal friend of Brodie, hoped to bring attention to <mask>'s bid for enshrinement in the Pro Football Hall of Fame. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1986.In 2010, <mask> was inducted into the African-American Ethnic Sports Hall of Fame, becoming the first European-American so honored. Personal life
<mask> married his wife Sue in 1957. They have four daughters and a son, and 12 grandchildren. One of his daughters, Erin, found fame on television in 2003 during the first season of the reality series For Love or Money, while another daughter, Diane, was married until 2011 to former NFL quarterback Chris Chandler. His son-in-law is the renown dermatologist Dr. Will Kirby. During the 1969 season, Brodie experienced tendonitis in his throwing arm which caused him to miss two and a half games. He received cortisone shots in an effort to remedy the problem, without

masks: Brodie Brodie Brodie Brodie John


title: John Brodie

texts:
 apparent success.In desperation for relief, <mask> was introduced to a representative of the Church of Scientology, who — Brodie insisted at the time — used Dianetics-based techniques to eliminate the tendonitis by the following week. Thus began a connection between Brodie and the church. <mask> was for years thereafter one of the leading celebrity endorsers of the Church of Scientology. This public role was ultimately ended when several of <mask>'s friends were expelled or harassed in a power struggle with the Church's hierarchy. While professing continued admiration for the teachings of church founder L. Ron Hubbard, "there were many in the church I felt were treated unfairly," <mask> told the Los Angeles Times in 2006. Professional wins (1)

Senior PGA Tour wins (1)

Senior PGA Tour playoff record (1–0)

Results in major championships

CUT = missed the halfway cut
Note: Brodie only played in the U.S. Open. See also
Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame
List of NCAA major college football yearly passing leaders
List of NCAA major college football yearly total offense leaders

Footnotes

External links

Sports Reference – collegiate statistics – <mask>ie

1935 births
Living people
All-American college football players
Players of American football from California
American football quarterbacks
San Francisco 49ers players
Western Conference Pro Bowl players
National Conference Pro Bowl players
Stanford Cardinal football players
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
National Football League players with retired numbers
National Football League announcers
Canadian Football League announcers
College football announcers
American former Scientologists
American male golfers
Stanford Cardinal men's golfers
PGA Tour Champions golfers
Golf writers and broadcasters
Golfers from California
Sportspeople from the San Francisco Bay Area
American male non-fiction writers
National Football League Most Valuable Player Award

masks:
Brodie
Brodie
Brodie
Brodie
John Brod


title: Marguerite Bériza

texts:
<mask> (1880 – 1970) was a French opera singer who had an active international career during the first half of the 20th century. She began her career as a mezzo-soprano at the Opéra-Comique in 1900; ultimately transitioning into the leading soprano repertoire at that theatre in 1912. She performed extensively in the United States from 1914–1917 and was also heard as a guest artist at theatres in the French provinces, Monaco, Portugal, and Switzerland during her career. In 1924 she founded her own opera company in Paris with whom she actively performed up until 1930. During her early career, <mask> was married to the French tenor Lucien Muratore. In 1906–1907, they appeared on several Edison cylinder recordings together where she was billed under the name Magli Muratore. She was also billed under that name on a 1910 Pathé Records recording which also included performances by Albert Vaguet and Henri Albers.She divorced Muratore in 1913 so he could marry the soprano Lina Cavalieri. On the stage she performed mainly under the name <mask>, sometimes shortening it to Magli Bériza. However, she was occasionally billed under the surname Dériza and in her latter career as Mme <mask>-Greven, probably after a second marriage. Education and career as a mezzo-soprano
Born in France, Bériza was trained at the Conservatoire de Paris. She made her professional opera debut in 1900 at the Opéra-Comique in Paris where she was heard mostly in comprimario roles from the mezzo-soprano repertoire during the early part of her career. She

masks:
Marguerite Bériza
Bériza
Marguerite Bériza
Bériza


title: Marguerite Bériza

texts: Théâtre de Genève, the Opéra de Marseille, the Opéra de Nice, and the Opéra National de Lyon. While still performing occasionally at the Opéra-Comique, Bériza gave numerous performances in the United States during the second decade of the 20th century. In late 1913 she came to the United States for the first time to sing with the Boston Opera Company; making her debut with the company in January 1914 as Musetta to the Mimi of Maggie Teyte. She appeared in several more roles with the company that year, including Antonia in The Tales of Hoffmann, <mask> in Gounod's Faust and the title roles in Gustave Charpentier's Louise and Henry Février's Monna Vanna (replacing Mary Garden in the role). Bériza sang Monna Vanna for her debut with the Chicago Grand Opera Company in 1915. She performed in several operas at Ravinia Park, Illinois (with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra), in July–August 1916, including singing Cio-Cio-San in  Puccini's Madama Butterfly, <mask>, Santuzza, Tosca, and the title role in Georges Bizet's Carmen. She returned to Ravinia in the summer of 1917 to sing the French national anthem, Leonora in Verdi's Il trovatore, and, with Orville Harrold, Santuzza and the title role in Massenet's Manon.She performed at Ravinia again in 1928. In 1917 she toured the United States with the Giuseppe Creatore Grand Opera Company and appeared at the Odeon Theatre in St. Louis, Missouri in the world premiere of Homer Moore's Louis XIV. In 1923, Bériza joined the roster of the Théâtre Fiametta in Paris where she performed

masks: Marguerite Marguerite


title: Marguerite Bériza

texts:
 in several contemporary stage works. In 1924 she starred in the world premiere of Lord Berners's Le Carrosse du Saint Sacrement at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées. She was also heard at that theater in April of that year as Isabelle in the world premiere of Henri Sauguet's Le plumet du colonel. In 1924, Bériza founded her own opera company in Paris in which she starred in many productions throughout the 1920s. In the 1924-1925 season she sang leading roles in her company's presentations of Paul Le Flem's Aucassin et Nicolette, Francesco Malipiero's Les Sept Chansons, Charles Koechlin's Jacob chez Laban, Manuel de Falla's L'Amour sorcier, Georges Migot's La Fête de la bergère, and Gabriel Dupont's La Farce du cuvier at the Trianon-Lyrique in Paris.The company then established its own performance venue, the Theatre Bériza, but occasionally performed at other theatres. With her company she portrayed the title role in the world premiere of Jacques Ibert's Angélique at the Théâtre Fémina in Paris on 28 January 1927. In 1928 her company made the unusual but successful choice of presenting two secular cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach in staged productions: The Peasant Cantata and The Coffee Cantata. One of her last stage appearances was as Polly Peachum in Kurt Weill's The Threepenny Opera in 1930. References

External links

Lucien Muratore & <mask>riza - O nuit d'amour on YouTube

1880 births
1970 deaths
Conservatoire de Paris alumni
French operatic mezzo-sopranos
French operatic sopranos
20th-century French women opera


title: Beverley Nichols

texts:
<mask> (9 September 1898 – 15 September 1983) was an English writer, playwright and public speaker. He wrote more than 60 books and plays. Career
Between his first book, the novel, Prelude, published in 1920, and his last, a book of poetry, Twilight, published in 1982, <mask> wrote more than 60 books. In addition to fiction, essays, theatre scripts and children's books, he wrote non-fiction works on travel, politics, religion, cats, parapsychology, and autobiography. He contributed to many magazines and newspapers throughout his life, notably weekly columns for the London Sunday Chronicle newspaper (1932–1943) and Woman's Own magazine (1946–1967). <mask> is best remembered for his books about his homes and gardens, the first of which, Down the Garden Path (1932), was illustrated by Rex Whistler, as were its two sequels. It went through 32 editions and has remained in print almost continuously.The trilogy chronicled the difficulties and delights of maintaining a Tudor thatched cottage in Glatton, Cambridgeshire, the village he fictionalised as Allways. The books are written in a poetic, richly creative style, evoking emotional and sensual responses, leavened with humour and irony. The three books were so popular that they led to  humorous imitations, including Mon Repos (1934) by "Nicholas Bevel" (a parody by Muriel Hine) and Garden Rubbish (1936) by W. C. Sellar and R. J. Yeatman, a satire on garden writers, which included a Nichols-like figure named "Knatchbull Twee." <mask>'s next garden and home book was Green Grows the City (1939), about his modern house and urban garden near

masks:
John Beverley Nichols
Nichols
Nichols
Nichols


title: Beverley Nichols

texts: Hampstead Heath, London. That book introduced Reginald Arthur Gaskin, <mask>'s manservant from 1924 until Gaskin's death in January 1967. Gaskin was a popular character in the book and was included in <mask>' succeeding gardening books. A second trilogy (1951–1956) began with Merry Hall, documenting <mask>'s travails with his extravagant Georgian manor in Agates Lane, Ashtead, Surrey (fictionalised as Meadowstream), where <mask> lived from 1946 to 1956.The books often featured his gifted but laconic gardener "Oldfield". <mask>'s final trilogy (1963–1968) chronicled his adapting to a more modest living arrangement, beginning in 1958, in a late 18th-century attached cottage (Sudbrook) at Ham, near Richmond, Surrey. This was <mask>'s final home and garden, where he lived for 25 years until his death in 1983. <mask> wrote on a wide range of subjects, always looking for "the next big thing". He ghostwrote Dame Nellie Melba's 1925 "autobiography" Memories and Melodies (he was at the time her personal secretary, and his 1933 book Evensong was believed to be based on aspects of her life). In 1934, <mask> wrote a bestseller advocating pacifism, Cry Havoc!, but by 1938, he had abandoned his pacifism and supported the British campaign in the Second World War. In 1966 he wrote A Case of Human Bondage about the marriage and divorce of writer William Somerset Maugham and his interior-decorator wife, Syrie, which was highly critical of Maugham.Father Figure (1972), in which <mask> described how he tried to murder his alcoholic, abusive father, caused uproar and calls for his prosecution. He was

masks: Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols


title: Beverley Nichols

texts:
 disappointed by the reception of a book of his about spiritualism. <mask> was also a competent mystery writer. His five detective novels (1954–1960) featured a middle-aged private detective of independent means called Horatio Green. Apart from authorship, <mask>'s main interest was gardening, especially garden design and winter flowers. His many acquaintances in all walks of life included some famous gardeners, such as Constance Spry and Lord Aberconway, President of the Royal Horticultural Society and owner of Bodnant Garden in North Wales. <mask> made one film appearance, in Glamour (1931), directed by Seymour Hicks and Harry Hughes, playing the small part of the Hon.Richard Wells. The film is now lost. Personal life
<mask> was at school at Marlborough College before proceeding to Balliol College, Oxford in January 1917. His education was interrupted by military service with the Intelligence section at the War Office, as an instructor to the Officer Cadet Battalion in Cambridge, and as aide-de-camp to Arthur Shipley on the British University Mission to the United States. <mask> then returned to Oxford, where he was President of the Oxford Union and editor of Isis. He was homosexual and is thought to have had a brief affair with the war poet Siegfried Sassoon. <mask>'s long-term companion was Cyril Butcher, the main beneficiary of <mask>'s will, amounting to £131,750.<mask> <mask> <mask>' Cats X.Y.Z. (1961)

ReligionThe Fool Hath Said (1936)A Pilgrim's Progress (1952)
| valign=top |

SpiritualismPowers That Be (1966)

PlaysThe Stag – produced 1929, published 1933Avalanche –

masks: Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nichols Nicholseverley Nicholsley Nichols


title: Beverley Nichols

texts:
 produced 1931, published 1933When the Crash Comes – produced & published 1933Evensong – produced 1932, published 1933Mesmer – produced 1935, published 1937Shadow of the Vine – published 1949, produced 1954

AutobiographiesTwenty-Five (1926)All I Could Never Be (1949)The Sweet and Twenties (1958)Father Figure (1972)Down the Kitchen Sink (1974)The Unforgiving Minute (1978)

PoliticalCry Havoc! (1933)News of England (1938)Verdict on India (1944)Men Do Not Weep (1941) Uncle Samsom (1950)

BiographyA Case of Human Bondage (1966)

Children's BooksThe Tree that Sat Down (1945)The Stream that Stood Still (1948)The Mountain of Magic (1950)The Wickedest Witch in the World (1971)

TravelNo Place Like Home (1936)The Sun in My Eyes (1969)

In collaboration
 Butcher, Cyril.In Extremis, Worst Moments in the Lives of the Famous (1934), with a foreword by <mask> <mask>.Yours Sincerely'' (1947), in collaboration with Monica Dickens

References

External links
<mask> <mask> <mask>: Conserving Moments from His 'Strange and Lovely Life' (online exhibition), at the University of Delaware

1898 births
1983 deaths
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
English short story writers
English gardeners
British garden writers
People educated at Marlborough College
Presidents of the Oxford Union
LGBT dramatists and playwrights
English LGBT novelists
British male dramatists and playwrights
English male short story writers
English male novelists
20th-century English novelists
20th-century English dramatists and playwrights
20th-century British short story writers
20th-century English male writers
20th-century LGBT

masks: Beverley Nichols Beverley Nicholsverley Nichols


title: Durga Charan Mohanty

texts:
<mask> (Odia:ଦୁର୍ଗାଚରଣ ମହାନ୍ତି, (1912–1985) was an Odia Indian spiritual writer born in 1912 at Biratunga, a village under block Gop, near Konark, Odisha. The Odia Sahitya Akademi has been awarded to him in 1956–58 due to his active involvement in development of Odia language and literature Being a disciple of Swami Nigamananda, he wrote many books and translated Nigamananda's own-written Bengali books to Odia language. He was ପରିଚାଳକ (Secretary/Parichalaka) of ନୀଳାଚଳ ସାରସ୍ୱତ ସଂଘ (Nilachala Saraswata Sangha). Family
His father <mask> was a Jamindar and mother <mask> was President of Nilachala Saraswata Sangha (Women Association). Spiritual career
After reading Yogiguru (योगीगुरु) and Premikaguru (प्रेमिकगुरु) respectively, authored by Swami Nigamananda, at Raghunandanan Library, Puri, the vigraha(portrait) of Swami Nigamananda present in the books attracted him very much. At the same time he began worshiping this portrait and considered Nigamananda as his spiritual master and revered God. He began to search Nigamananda and finally met him in Nilachala Kutir Puri on 20 March 1930, Thursday.At that time he was only seventeen years old and a student of class IX in Puri district School. On first meeting he was overwhelmed by his appearance and realised Nigamananda as Ishwar. Since that day, he became a regular visitor to Nilachala Kutir for his darshan. He used to note down guru Nigamananda's sayings(upadesh),

masks:
Durga Charan Mohanty
Gunanidhi Mohanty
Sundarmani Mohanty


title: Durga Charan Mohanty

texts:
 later he published these "upadesh"(gospels)in books like Nilachala Vani and Nigama Upadesh. Subsequently, he wrote many books for Nilachala Saraswata Sangha and translated Nigamananda's originally written Bengali books, ବ୍ରହ୍ମଚର୍ୟ ସାଧନା(Brahamcharya Sadhana), ଯୋଗୀଗୁରୁ(Yogi Guru), ଜ୍ଞାନୀ ଗୁରୁ(Gyani Guru), ତାନ୍ତ୍ରିକ ଗୁରୁ(Tantrika Guru), and ପ୍ରେମିକଗୁରୁ(Premika Guru), into Odia language. On Trilochan Ashtami, 5 June 1934, he was initiated as disciples of Swami Nigamananda. Being a disciple of Nigamananda, Mohanty spent his entire life on his service.Due to <mask>nda Ashrams were established and survive in Odisha. He continued to preach Nigamananda's philosophy till he left his physical body on 7 December 1985 at Biratunga. Books on <mask> <mask> Mohanty
The following books in Odia are published by Nilachala Saraswata Sangha on <mask> <mask> <mask>'s life, works, achievements   :
 ଉତ୍କଳରେ ଠାକୁର ଶ୍ରୀ ଶ୍ରୀ ନିଗମାନନ୍ଦ ଓ ଭାଇ ଦୁର୍ଗାଚରଣ (Utkalre thakur shree shree Nigamananda o bhai durga charan). ଭାବ ବିନିମୟ (Bhava Binimaya). ଆଦର୍ଶ ଗୁରୁପ୍ରାଣ ଦୁର୍ଗାଚରଣ ଭାଇ (Adarasa guruprana durgacharan bhai). ସାର୍ବଭୌମ ଗୁରୁ ଶ୍ରୀ ଶ୍ରୀ ଠାକୁର ଓ ପରିଚାଳକ(Sarbabhouma guru shree shree thakur o parichalaka). ଭାଇ (Bhai)
+ ପରିଚାଳକଙ୍କ ବାଣୀ (Parichalakanka Bani) – By Banchhanidhi Mishra

Works
School
The High School, Saraswata Bidyapitha was established by him in 1964 at Biratunga his own village.କଣ ହେଲା ରେ ! – ସାମାଜିକ ନାଟକ – Kan Hela Re!

masks: Mohantygamana Durga Charan Durga Charan Mohanty


title: Durga Charan Mohanty

texts:
 -Samajika Nataka (कण हेला रे! -सामाजिक नाटक). କିଚକ ବଧ – Kichaka Badha (किच्चक बद्ध). ଗୋ ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣ – Go Brahamana (गो ब्राह्मण). Honors

<mask> <mask> <mask> was awarded with the prestigious Oriya Sahitya Akademi award ( an award given for working actively for the development of Oriya language and literature) by Oriya Sahitya Akademi for his outstanding contribution in the form of a written book Bhagawan Sankaracharya which was published in 1956–58.Social activities
According to few sources, he was also a notable social leader in Odisha. See also
 Swami Nigamananda
 List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Odia
 Nilachala Saraswata Sangha

News and updates
Nilachala Saraswata Sangha celebrated 100th Birthday of Sri <mask> <mask> <mask> with much fervor and spiritual enthusiasm on 9 November 2011 with approximate 3500 Nigamananda devotees at Biratunga. This function is started on 9 November 2011 and said to be continued till November 2012. References

External links
 Nilachala Saraswata Sangha Puri (nsspuri.org)
 Odisha Sahitya Akademy
 Nilachala Saraswata Sangha, Mumbai

Library
 JODA WOMEN'S COLLEGE LIBRARY
 OPEN LIBRARY
 Orissa SAHITYA ACADEMY AWARDED BOOKS AND WRITERS

1912 births
1985 deaths
Hindu writers
Writers from Odisha
Odia-language writers
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Odia
Indian spiritual writers
20th-century Indian biographers
Social

masks:
Sri Durga
Charan
Mohanty
Durga
Charan
Mohanty


title: Jennifer Higdon

texts:
<mask> (born December 31, 1962) is an American composer of contemporary classical music. She has received many awards, including the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for Music for her Violin Concerto and three Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Classical Composition for her Percussion Concerto in 2010, Viola Concerto in 2018, and Harp Concerto in 2020. Elected a Member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019, she was a professor of composition at the Curtis Institute of Music from 1994 to 2021. Biography
Higdon was born in Brooklyn, New York. She spent the first 10 years of her life in Atlanta, Georgia before moving to Seymour, Tennessee. Her father, Charles Higdon, was a painter and made efforts to expose his children to different types of art. He took them to various exhibitions of new and experimental art that gave her her earliest exposure to art and helped her to form an idea of what art was.She also developed an interest in photography and writing at an early age. Despite her early introduction to art, she received very little exposure to classical music in her home. Instead, her early musical education came from listening to rock and folk music from the 1960s. It was not until high school that she joined concert band, where she began playing percussion. At about the same time, she picked up a flute her mother had bought, and she began teaching herself to play using an old flute method book. She played flute in her high school's concert band and percussion in marching band, but heard little classical music before her college years. She studied flute performance at Bowling Green State University with Judith Bentley, who encouraged her to explore composition.Because of her lack of formal training at an early age, <mask>

masks:
Jennifer Elaine Higdon
Higdon


title: Jennifer Higdon

texts:
 Symphony and the Music Academy of the West. Higdon lives in Philadelphia.Work and performances
<mask> has received commissions from major symphony orchestras, including the Philadelphia Orchestra, the Cleveland Orchestra, the Chicago Symphony, the Atlanta Symphony, the National Symphony, the Minnesota Orchestra, the Pittsburgh Symphony, the Indianapolis Symphony, and the Dallas Symphony. Conductors who worked extensively with her include Christoph Eschenbach, Marin Alsop, Leonard Slatkin, and Giancarlo Guerrero. She wrote her first opera based on Charles Frazier's 1997 novel, Cold Mountain with a libretto by Gene Scheer. It was co-commissioned by The Santa Fe Opera and Opera Philadelphia and premiered in Santa Fe in 2015. Her works have been recorded on more than four dozen CDs. Her most popular work is blue cathedral, a one-movement tone poem dealing with the death of her brother from cancer, which premiered in 2000. It has been performed by more than 400 orchestras since.Compositional style and influence
<mask>'s musical background has influenced her in many unique ways. Her musical style grew out of her humble beginnings, listening to groups like the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Simon & Garfunkel, and many other bands, rather than to classical music. As a result, she has described her own compositional process as "intuitive" and "instinctive", where she favors music that makes sense, rather than writing music that adheres to classical forms and structures. Popular and folk music were not the only early influences on her composition; the mountains and wide open spaces of her Tennessee home have influenced her style, and even helped bond her to George Crumb, who encouraged her to use nature as a muse. Many of <mask>'s

masks:
Higdon
Jennifer Higdon
Jennifer Hidon


title: Jennifer Higdon

texts:
 naturally

Reception
The League of American Orchestras reported Higdon as one of the most performed living American composers, in 2008. "Higdon's music is lithe and expert", wrote Robert Battey of the Washington Post. "<mask>'s vivid, attractive works have made her a hot commodity lately," wrote Steve Smith of the New York Times. Of her Concerto for Orchestra, Richard Morrison in The Times (London) stated that "it is rare to witness a big new orchestral piece being acclaimed as <mask>'s Concerto for Orchestra was cheered on ...The most impressive aspect is the panache with which a huge orchestra is deployed ... This colourful, ever-changing instrumental panoply is doubtless one reason why the work makes an instant impression ... Higdon's work is traditionally rooted yet imbued with integrity, freshness and a desire to entertain." Among less favorable assessments, Andrew Clements in the Guardian gave a CD of Higdon's music a minimal one-star rating. He referred to the music as "American contemporary music at its most vacuous, a noisy mishmash". Tom Service, also in the Guardian also criticized <mask>'s Concerto For Orchestra. He wrote: "The problem with <mask>'s piece ... is that its flamboyant gestures ... function only as surface effects, without creating any real structural momentum." Similarly, though in a more positive review, Raymond Tuttle wrote that "even though the Concerto for Orchestra is not remarkable for its melodic content, there is so much color and brilliance in Higdon's writing ... that few listeners will notice."Awards
Higdon received awards from the Guggenheim Foundation, the American Academy of Arts & Letters (two awards), the Pew Fellowship in the Arts, Meet-the-Composer, the National Endowment for the

masks:
Jennifer Higdon
Jennifer Higdon
Higdon
Higdon


title: Jennifer Higdon

texts:
 Arts, and ASCAP. In addition she has received grants from the Pennsylvania Council on the Arts. Higdon has been a featured composer at festivals including Grand Teton, Tanglewood, Vail, Norfolk, Winnipeg and Cabrillo. She has won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Classical Composition three times. The first was in 2010 for her Percussion Concerto. The second was in 2018 for her Viola Concerto. That concerto was part of an album dedicated to her music on the Naxos label, Higdon: All Things Majestic, Viola Concerto, and Oboe Concerto, which also won the 2018 Grammy for Best Classical Compendium.The third was in 2020 for her Harp Concerto. <mask> won the annual Pulitzer Prize for Music for her Violin Concerto (Lawdon Press), which premiered February 6, 2009, in Indianapolis. The Pulitzer citation called it "a deeply engaging piece that combines flowing lyricism with dazzling virtuosity". It was commissioned jointly by the Indianapolis Symphony, Toronto Symphony, Baltimore Symphony and the Curtis Institute of Music. Selected discography
 Cold Mountain (world premiere). Miguel Harth-Bedoya, Nathan Gunn, Isabel Leonard, Jay Hunter Morris, Emily Fons, Robert Pomakov, The Santa Fe Opera. PENTATONE PTC 5186583 (2016)

See also
 List of compositions by <mask>

References

External links

 Composing Thoughts Radio Interview

 Interview with <mask>, February 14, 2004

1962 births
Living people
People from Sevier County, Tennessee
American women classical composers
American classical composers
Pew Fellows in the Arts
Pulitzer Prize for Music winners
American lesbian musicians
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
Bowling Green State University alumni
Curtis Institute of Music alumni
Musicians from

masks:
Higdon
Jennifer Higdon
Jennifer Higdon


title: Geoffrey Forrest Hughes

texts:
<mask>,  (12 July 1895 – 13 September 1951) was an Australian aviator and flying ace of the First World War. He was credited with 11 aerial victories, and won a Military Cross for his valour. After a postwar award of the Air Force Cross, he returned to Australia and completed university. He became a businessman and a solicitor in the family law firm while retaining his interests in aviation. From 1925 through 1934, he was president of the Royal Australian Aero Club, and largely responsible for government support of the club. Despite his business concerns, he returned to military duty during the Second World War. He commanded an aviation training school and rose to the rank of group captain before surrendering his commission in April 1943.After the war ended, he moved into public life and the political realm. Early life
<mask> <mask> was born in the Sydney suburb of Darling Point on 12 July 1895. He was the second son of <mask>, a solicitor and future Lord Mayor of Sydney, and Louisa (née Gilhooley); he was of Irish descent on both sides, with roots in County Roscommon. <mask> received his secondary education at Saint Ignatius' College, Riverview, before undertaking a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Sydney from 1914. In June that year, he was commissioned as an officer in the 26th Infantry Regiment, Citizens Military Force. In his youth, <mask> had acquired a keen interest in aviation, which led him to apply for the Australian Flying Corps; his application was unsuccessful. First World War
In March 1916, <mask> suspended his studies and travelled to the United Kingdom, where he enlisted in the Royal Flying Corps and was commissioned a second lieutenant on 3 June.He was posted for flight instruction, and on graduating as a pilot was made a flying officer on 28 July. Later that year, <mask> was posted to No. 10 Squadron RFC in France. Piloting Armstrong Whitworth F.K.8 biplanes, the unit carried out

masks:
Geoffrey Forrest Hughes
Geoffrey Forrest
Hughes
Thomas Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes


title: Geoffrey Forrest Hughes

texts:
 co-operation duties with the Allied ground troops over the Western Front. Around the same time <mask> had enlisted in the Royal Flying Corps, his elder brother, <mask> <mask>, was granted a commission in the Australian Army Medical Corps of the Australian Imperial Force. Posted for service on the Western Front, he was mortally wounded by an artillery shell in the morning of 11 December 1916; <mask> was with Roger when the latter died of his wounds later that day. On completing his tour with No.10 Squadron, <mask> returned to the United Kingdom in February 1917. For the following ten months, he was posted for duties at flight training installations and units in England. He was promoted to temporary captain on 29 July. During this time, his letters home to his parents were critical of anti-conscription efforts by Australian Roman Catholics, led by Archbishop Mannix. In 1918, he returned to France in an assignment to fly a Bristol F.2 Fighter for No. 62 Squadron RFC. On 17 February, he and Hugh Claye were first into combat for the new squadron; four days later, they scored the unit's first victory.The team of <mask> and Claye continued to accrue victories; they became aces in a notable air battle on 13 March 1918. They were leading a formation of 11 Bristol Fighters when they were sucked into a lopsided battle to save a squadronmate. Despite bucking combat odds of about four to one, <mask> and Claye were credited with two of 62 Squadron's six victories that day. <mask> was promoted to captain on 1 April 1918. He was mentioned in despatches twice, and awarded the Military Cross, which was gazetted on 13 May 1918:

<mask> was again withdrawn to training duties in England. List of aerial victories
See also Aerial victory standards of World War I

Unconfirmed victories denoted "u/c". Between the World Wars
<mask> remained in England for some time following war's end, training recruits.On 3 June 1919, his award of the Air Force

masks:
Hughes
Roger Forrest
Hughes
Geoffrey
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes


title: Geoffrey Forrest Hughes

texts:
 Cross was gazetted. After discharge from military duty, <mask> completed his Bachelor of Arts at the University of Sydney, graduating in 1920. He married Margaret Sealy Vidal, an Anglican and the daughter of an English cleric, at Saint Canice's Church, Darlinghurst on 8 January 1923. <mask> went on to receive a Bachelor of Laws degree with Second Class honours on 17 May 1923. He became a solicitor and joined the family legal firm. His son, Robert (1938–2012), was an influential art critic. <mask> maintained his interest in aviation, becoming president of the Royal Aero Club of New South Wales from 1925 through to 1934.He was instrumental in gaining government support for the club, on grounds that it would supply pilots for military as well as civil use. He was one of three members of a Committee of Inquiry into the forced landing of the Kookaburra during a long-distance flight on 29 March 1929. The committee's report, issued on 25 June 1929, besides exploring causes of the accident, also contained recommendations for better radio communications and sufficient onboard emergency rations for crew survival in future mishaps. On 5 September 1936, it was reported by The Sydney Morning Herald that <mask> became a director of the United Insurance Co Limited. Second World War and beyond
In July 1940, <mask> returned to military service, being appointed as a flying officer in the Royal Australian Air Force. On 13 August 1940, he was appointed to fill a vacant seat on the board of directors of Commercial Banking Company of Sydney. Ranked as a temporary wing commander in 1941, he commanded the flying school at Narrandera.By the time he gave up his commission in April 1943 to end his military career, he had risen to acting group captain. Business and public career
<mask> became a prominent businessman, with connections to companies in which his father had an interest. The younger <mask> became a director of United Insurance Company,

masks:
Hughes
Hughes
Geoffrey Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes


title: Geoffrey Forrest Hughes

texts:
 Commercial Banking Company of Sydney, and Australia Hotel Company Ltd, as well as chairman of Tooheys Ltd and Tooheys Standard Securities Ltd. He was chairman of directors for Tooheys Brewery, as well as senior partner in the family law firm of <mask>, <mask>, and Garvin. His business interests led him into political life as an opponent of the bank nationalisation policies of postwar Prime Minister Ben Chifley. <mask> refused to serve on the board of Qantas Empire Airways Ltd. Elsewhere in the sphere of public life, he became a council member of Sancta Sophia College.He became a member of the socially prominent Australian Club, as well as the Royal Sydney Golf Club. Death
<mask> <mask> died of lung cancer and pneumonia in Lewisham Hospital on 13 September 1951, at age 56. His wife, daughter, and three sons survived him. He was buried in the Catholic section of Waverley Cemetery. Archival and Online Collections
<mask> <mask> diary, 1919, available online at the State Library of New South Wales, MLMSS 1222/Box 6/Item 6
<mask> <mask> diary, 1918,  available online at the State Library of New South Wales, MLMSS 1222/Box 6/Item 5
<mask> <mask> diary, 1917,  available online at the State Library of New South Wales, Item 04: <mask> <mask> diary, 1917
<mask> <mask> diary, 1913, available online MLMSS 1222/Box 6/Item 3
Personal papers of <mask>, 1901–1944, State Library of New South Wales, MLMSS 1222/vol. 4/pp. 31-132

Notes

References

1895 births
1951 deaths
Australian Army officers
Australian aviators
Australian people of Irish descent
Australian Roman Catholics
Australian World War I flying aces
Deaths from cancer in New South Wales
Deaths from lung cancer
Deaths from pneumonia in New South Wales
People from Sydney
Recipients of the Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
Recipients of the Military Cross
Royal Air Force officers
Royal Australian Air Force personnel of World War II
Royal Flying Corps officers
University of

masks:
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Geoffrey Forrest
Hughes
Geoffrey Forrest
Hughes
Geoffrey Forrest
Hughes
Geoffrey Forrest
Hughes
Geoffrey Forrest
Hughes
Geoffrey Forrest
Hughes
Geoffrey Hughes


title: Laurence Ginnell

texts:
<mask> (baptised 9 April 1852 – 17 April 1923) was an Irish nationalist politician, lawyer and Member of Parliament (MP) of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland as member of the Irish Parliamentary Party for Westmeath North at the 1906 UK general election. From 1910 he sat as an Independent Nationalist and at the 1918 general election he was elected for Sinn Féin. Early life
<mask> was born in Delvin, County Westmeath in 1852, the son of <mask> and Mary Monaghan and twin to <mask>. He was self-educated and was called to the Irish bar as well as the Bar of England and Wales. In his youth he was involved with the Land War and acted as private secretary to John Dillon. The last great social and agrarian campaign of the home rule movement – the Ranch War (1906 and 1909) – was largely led and organised by <mask> from the central office of the United Irish League. <mask> was elected an MP in 1906 and took his seat at Westminster, swearing allegiance to Edward VII.On 14 October 1906, he launched the "war" at Downs, County Westmeath. The purpose of the war was to bring relief to the large numbers of landless and smallholders, particularly in the West, who were relatively untouched by the Wyndham Land Purchase Act (1903) and by the larger policy of purchase. The strategy that <mask> pursued was the Down's Policy, or cattle driving, a proceeding designed to harass the prosperous grazier interests, whose 'ranches' occupied large, under populated and under worked tracts. The 'Down's Policy' was also meant to draw public attention to the scandalous inequalities that survived in the Irish countryside. The conservatives within the Home rule leadership were understandably suspicious about the revival of agrarian disturbances, but the mood of the party organisation was hardening in the aftermath of a disappointing devolution bill in May 1907, from the new Liberal government, so that it seemed logical to turn to the traditional

masks:
Laurence Ginnell
Ginnell
Laurence Ginnell
Michael Ginnell
Ginnell
Ginnell
Ginnell


title: Laurence Ginnell

texts:
 mechanism for reactivating the national question: agrarian agitation. <mask>'s cattle-drives began to tail off after the summer of 1908, and the agitation was finally dissolved with the passage of a 1909 Act by the Liberal Chief Secretary Augustine Birrell that allowed the transfer to the Land Commission of farmland by compulsory purchase, which was hailed by the national movement as an historic victory. In reality, the Ranch War involved an implosion within sectors of the Irish Party, as its leadership had not facilitated the working of the Wyndham Land Purchase Act in the first place, because John Dillon and his like wanted conflict above victory.In 1909 <mask> was expelled from the Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) for the offence of asking to see the party accounts, after which he sat as an Independent Nationalist. During this time he was addressed frequently as "The MP for Ireland". At Westminster he was highly critical of the British Government's war policy, and its holding of executions of certain participants in the Easter Rising of 1916. On 9 May he accused the British Prime Minister H. H. Asquith, of "Murder", and was forcibly ejected from the assembly. He visited many of the prisoners who were interned in various prisons in Wales and England. Sinn Féin

In 1917 he campaigned to try to ensure the election of Count Plunkett in the Roscommon North by-election in which he defeated the IPP candidate on an abstentionist platform. Following the victory of Éamon de Valera in East Clare, while standing for Sinn Féin, on 10 July 1917, <mask> joined Sinn Féin.At the Sinn Féin Ard Fheis that year, at which the party was re-constituted as a Republican party with de Valera as President, <mask> and W. T. Cosgrave were elected Honorary Treasurers. He was imprisoned in March 1918 for encouraging land agitation, and later deported to Reading Gaol. In the 1918 general election, he was elected as a Sinn Féin MP for the Westmeath constituency, comfortably

masks: Ginnell Ginnell Ginnell Ginnell


title: Laurence Ginnell

texts:
 defeating his IPP challenger. After his release from prison, he attended the proceedings of the First Dáil. Along with fellow TD James O'Mara he was one of the only TDs ever before to sit in a parliament. He was one of the few people to have served in the House of Commons and in the Oireachtas. He was appointed Director of Propaganda in the Second Ministry of the Irish Republic.After spending a year as a Republican campaigner in Chicago, he was appointed the Representative of the Irish Republic in Argentina and South America by de Valera. He carried out his propaganda work here to distribute copies of the Irish Bulletin and to provide the Sinn Féin version of the conflict during the War of Independence. On 16 August 1921 he returned home to attend the first meeting of the Second Dáil. He travelled back to Argentina some months later to serve as the Representative of the Republic there. Anti-Treaty opinion
He opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty that was ratified by the Dáil in January 1922, and was elected as an anti-Treaty Sinn Féin TD at the 1922 general election on the eve of the Irish Civil War. On 9 September 1922, <mask> was the only anti-Treaty TD to attend the inaugural meeting of the Provisional Parliament or Third Dáil. Before signing the roll <mask> said: "I want some explanation before I sign.I have been elected in pursuance of a decree by Dáil Éireann, which decree embodies the decree of 20 May 1922. I have heard nothing read in reference to that decree, nothing but an Act of a foreign Parliament. I have been elected as a member of Dáil Éireann. I have not been elected to attend any such Parliament. Will anyone tell me with authority whether it is …". He was at this point interrupted but resumed saying he would sign the roll and take his seat in the Assembly if the Assembly was Dáil Éireann. He was informed he was not allowed raise any such question until a Ceann Comhairle had been elected.He continued to ask questions regardless to which

masks: Ginnell Ginnell


title: Laurence Ginnell

texts:
 he got no answer including his question: "Will any member of the Six Counties be allowed to sit in this Dáil?". W. T. Cosgrave moved at this point that he be excluded from the House, <mask> protested, and he was dragged out by force. De Valera later appointed him a member of his "Council of State", a twelve-member body set up to advise him on the deteriorating situation in the civil war. He returned to the United States soon afterwards to serve as the Republic's envoy in the country. He ordered Robert Briscoe and some of his friends to take possession of the Consular Offices in Nassau Street, New York City, then in the hands of the Free State Government, so as to obtain the list of the subscribers to the bond drive organized to aid the struggle in the War of Independence. At the time a court case was ongoing to decide on whomsoever had the right to the funds: the newly installed Provisional Government or de Valera, as one of the three trustees among the anti-Treatyites. <mask> died in the United States on 17 April 1923, aged 71, still campaigning against the Anglo-Irish Treaty.References

Sources
Briscoe, Robert (1958) For the Life of Me. Gallagher, Frank (2005 edition) The Four Glorious Years. <mask>, <mask> (1993) The Brehon Laws: A Legal Handbook,
<mask>, <mask> (1919?) The Irish Republic. Why? Official statement prepared for submission to the Peace Conference
<mask> – 'The Member for Ireland'. Macardle, Dorothy (1937) The Irish Republic.External links

1854 births
1923 deaths
19th-century Irish people
Irish Parliamentary Party MPs
Independent Nationalist MPs
United Irish League
Irish land reform activists
Early Sinn Féin TDs
Members of the 1st Dáil
Members of the 2nd Dáil
Members of the 3rd Dáil
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Westmeath constituencies (1801–1922)
UK MPs 1906–1910
UK MPs 1910
UK MPs 1910–1918
UK MPs 1918–1922
Irish barristers
People of the Irish Civil War (Anti-Treaty side)
Politicians from County

masks:
Ginnell
Ginnell
Ginnell
Laurence
Ginnell
Laurence
Laurence Ginnell


title: Mike Tyson

texts: <mask> (born June 30, 1966) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2005. Nicknamed "Iron <mask>" and "Kid Dynamite" in his early career, and later known as "The Baddest Man on the Planet", <mask> is considered to be one of the greatest heavyweight boxers of all time. He reigned as the undisputed world heavyweight champion from 1987 to 1990. <mask> won his first 19 professional fights by knockout, 12 of them in the first round. Claiming his first belt at 20 years, four months, and 22 days old, <mask> holds the record as the youngest boxer ever to win a heavyweight title. He was the first heavyweight boxer to simultaneously hold the WBA, WBC and IBF titles, as well as the only heavyweight to unify them in succession. The following year, <mask> became the lineal champion when he knocked out Michael Spinks in 91 seconds of the first round.In 1990, <mask> was knocked out  by underdog Buster Douglas in one of the biggest upsets in history. In 1992, <mask> was convicted of rape and sentenced to six years in prison, although he was released on parole after three years. After his release in 1995, he engaged in a series of comeback fights, regaining the WBA and WBC titles in 1996 to join Floyd Patterson, Muhammad Ali, Tim Witherspoon, Evander Holyfield and George Foreman as the only men in boxing history to have regained a heavyweight championship after losing it. After being stripped of the WBC title in the same year, <mask> lost the WBA title to Evander Holyfield by an eleventh round stoppage. Their 1997 rematch ended when <mask> was disqualified for biting Holyfield's ears, one bite notoriously being strong enough

masks:
Michael Gerard Tyson
Mike
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts:
 to remove a portion of his right ear. In 2002, <mask> fought for the world heavyweight title, losing by knockout to Lennox Lewis. <mask> was known for his ferocious and intimidating boxing style as well as his controversial behavior inside and outside the ring.With a knockout-to-win percentage of 88%, he was ranked 16th on The Ring magazine's list of 100 greatest punchers of all time, and first on ESPN's list of "The Hardest Hitters in Heavyweight History". Sky Sports described him as "perhaps the most ferocious fighter to step into a professional ring". He has been inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the World Boxing Hall of Fame. Early life
Michael Gerard <mask> was born in Fort Greene, Brooklyn, New York City on June 30, 1966. He has an older brother named Rodney (born c. 1961) and an older sister named Denise, who died of a heart attack at age 24 in February 1990. <mask>'s biological father is listed as "Purcell <mask>" (who was from Jamaica) on his birth certificate, but the man <mask> had known as his father was Jimmy Kirkpatrick. Kirkpatrick was from Grier Town, North Carolina (a predominantly black neighborhood that was annexed by the city of Charlotte), where he was one of the neighborhood's top baseball players.Kirkpatrick married and had a son, <mask>'s half-brother Jimmie Lee Kirkpatrick, who would help to integrate Charlotte high school football in 1965. In 1959, Jimmy Kirkpatrick left his family and moved to Brooklyn, where he met <mask>'s mother, Lorna Mae (Smith) <mask>. Kirkpatrick frequented pool halls, gambled and hung out on the streets. "My father was just a regular street guy caught up in the

masks: Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts: street world," <mask> said. Kirkpatrick abandoned the <mask> family around the time <mask> was born, leaving <mask>'s mother to care for the children on her own. Kirkpatrick died in 1992. The family lived in Bedford-Stuyvesant until their financial burdens necessitated a move to Brownsville when <mask> was 10 years old.<mask>'s mother died six years later, leaving 16-year-old <mask> in the care of boxing manager and trainer Cus D'Amato, who would become his legal guardian. <mask> later said, "I never saw my mother happy with me and proud of me for doing something: she only knew me as being a wild kid running the streets, coming home with new clothes that she knew I didn't pay for. I never got a chance to talk to her or know about her. Professionally, it has no effect, but it's crushing emotionally and personally." Throughout his childhood, <mask> lived in and around neighborhoods with a high rate of crime. According to an interview in Details, his first fight was with a bigger youth who had pulled the head off one of <mask>'s pigeons. <mask> was repeatedly caught committing petty crimes and fighting those who ridiculed his high-pitched voice and lisp.By the age of 13, he had been arrested 38 times. He ended up at the Tryon School for Boys in Johnstown, New York. <mask>'s emerging boxing ability was discovered there by Bobby Stewart, a juvenile detention center counselor and former boxer. Stewart considered <mask> to be an outstanding fighter and trained him for a few months before introducing him to Cus D'Amato. <mask> dropped out of high school as a junior. He would be awarded an honorary Doctorate in Humane Letters from Central State

masks: Tyson Tyson Mike Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts:
 University in 1989. Kevin Rooney also trained <mask>, and he was occasionally assisted by Teddy Atlas, although Atlas was dismissed by D'Amato when <mask> was 15.Rooney eventually took over all training duties for the young fighter. Amateur career
As an amateur, <mask> won gold medals at the 1981 and 1982 Junior Olympic Games, defeating Joe Cortez in 1981 and beating Kelton Brown in 1982. Brown's corner threw in the towel in the first round. In 1984 <mask> won the gold medal at the Nation Golden Gloves held in New York, beating Jonathan Littles. He fought Henry Tillman twice as an amateur, losing both bouts by decision. Tillman went on to win heavyweight gold at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Professional career

Rise to stardom

<mask> made his professional debut as an 18-year-old on March 6, 1985, in Albany, New York.He defeated Hector Mercedes via first-round TKO. He had 15 bouts in his first year as a professional. Fighting frequently, <mask> won 26 of his first 28 fights by KO or TKO; 16 of those came in the first round. The quality of his opponents gradually increased to journeyman fighters and borderline contenders, like James Tillis, David Jaco, Jesse Ferguson, Mitch Green, and Marvis Frazier. His win streak attracted media attention and <mask> was billed as the next great heavyweight champion. D'Amato died in November 1985, relatively early into <mask>'s professional career, and some speculate that his death was the catalyst to many of the troubles <mask> was to experience as his life and career progressed. <mask>'s first nationally televised bout took place on February 16, 1986, at Houston Field House in Troy, New

masks: Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts: York, against journeyman heavyweight Jesse Ferguson, and was carried by ABC Sports.<mask> knocked down Ferguson with an uppercut in the fifth round that broke Ferguson's nose. During the sixth round, Ferguson began to hold and clinch <mask> in an apparent attempt to avoid further punishment. After admonishing Ferguson several times to obey his commands to box, the referee finally stopped the fight near the middle of the sixth round. The fight was initially ruled a win for <mask> by disqualification (DQ) of his opponent. The ruling was "adjusted" to a win by technical knockout (TKO) after <mask>'s corner protested that a DQ win would end <mask>'s string of knockout victories, and that a knockout would have been the inevitable result. In July, after recording six more knockout victories, <mask> fought former world title challenger Marvis Frazier in Glens Falls, New York, on another ABC Sports broadcast. <mask> won easily, charging at Frazier at the opening bell and hitting him with an uppercut that knocked Frazier unconscious thirty seconds into the fight.On November 22, 1986, <mask> was given his first title fight against Trevor Berbick for the World Boxing Council (WBC) heavyweight championship. <mask> won the title by TKO in the second round, and at the age of 20 years and 4 months became the youngest heavyweight champion in history. He added the WBA and IBF titles after defeating James Smith and Tony Tucker in 1987. <mask>'s dominant performance brought many accolades. Donald Saunders wrote: "The noble and manly art of boxing can at least cease worrying about its immediate future, now [that] it has discovered a heavyweight champion


title: Mike Tyson

texts:
 fit to stand alongside Dempsey, Tunney, Louis, Marciano, and Ali." <mask> intimidated fighters with his strength, combined with outstanding hand speed, accuracy, coordination and timing. <mask> also possessed notable defensive abilities, holding his hands high in the peek-a-boo style taught by his mentor Cus D'Amato to slip under and weave around his opponent's punches while timing his own.<mask>'s explosive punching technique was due in large part to crouching immediately prior to throwing a hook or an uppercut: this allowed the 'spring' of his legs to add power to the punch. Among his signature moves was a right hook to his opponent's body followed by a right uppercut to his opponent's chin. Lorenzo Boyd, Jesse Ferguson and José Ribalta were each knocked down by this combination. Undisputed champion

Expectations for <mask> were extremely high, and he was the favorite to win the heavyweight unification series, a tournament designed to establish an undisputed heavyweight champion. <mask> defended his title against James Smith on March 7, 1987, in Las Vegas, Nevada. He won by unanimous decision and added Smith's World Boxing Association (WBA) title to his existing belt. "Tyson-mania" in the media was becoming rampant.He beat Pinklon Thomas in May by TKO in the sixth round. On August 1 he took the International Boxing Federation (IBF) title from Tony Tucker in a twelve-round unanimous decision 119–111, 118–113, and 116–112. He became the first heavyweight to own all three major belts – WBA, WBC, and IBF – at the same time. Another fight, in October of that year, ended with a victory for <mask> over 1984 Olympic super heavyweight gold

masks: Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts: medalist Tyrell Biggs by TKO in the seventh round. During this time, <mask> came to the attention of gaming company Nintendo. After witnessing one of <mask>'s fights, Nintendo of America president Minoru Arakawa was impressed by the fighter's "power and skill", prompting him to suggest <mask> be included in the upcoming Nintendo Entertainment System port of the Punch Out!! arcade game.In 1987, Nintendo released <mask>'s Punch-Out! !, which was well received and sold more than a million copies. <mask> had three fights in 1988. He faced Larry Holmes on January 22, 1988, and defeated the legendary former champion by KO in the fourth round. This was the only knockout loss Holmes suffered in 75 professional bouts. In March, <mask> then fought contender Tony Tubbs in Tokyo, Japan, fitting in an easy second-round TKO victory amid promotional and marketing work. On June 27, 1988, <mask> faced Michael Spinks.Spinks, who had taken the heavyweight championship from Larry Holmes via fifteen-round decision in 1985, had not lost his title in the ring but was not recognized as champion by the major boxing organizations. Holmes had previously given up all but the IBF title, and that was eventually stripped from Spinks after he elected to fight Gerry Cooney (winning by TKO in the fifth round) rather than IBF Number 1 Contender Tony Tucker, as the Cooney fight provided him a larger purse. However, Spinks did become the lineal champion by beating Holmes and many (including Ring magazine) considered him to have a legitimate claim to being the true heavyweight champion. The bout was, at the time, the richest fight in history and expectations were very

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Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Mike Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts:
 high. Boxing pundits were predicting a titanic battle of styles, with <mask>'s aggressive infighting conflicting with Spinks's skillful out-boxing and footwork. The fight ended after 91 seconds when <mask> knocked Spinks out in the first round; many consider this to be the pinnacle of <mask>'s fame and boxing ability. Controversy and upset

During this period, <mask>'s problems outside the ring were also starting to emerge.His marriage to Robin Givens was heading for divorce, and his future contract was being fought over by Don King and Bill Cayton. In late 1988, <mask> parted with manager Bill Cayton and fired longtime trainer Kevin Rooney, the man many credit for honing <mask>'s craft after the death of D'Amato. Following Rooney's departure, critics alleged that <mask> began to show less head movement and combination punching. In 1989, <mask> had only two fights amid personal turmoil. He faced the British boxer Frank Bruno in February. Bruno managed to stun <mask> at the end of the first round, although <mask> went on to knock Bruno out in the fifth round. <mask> then knocked out Carl "The Truth" Williams in the first round in July.By 1990, <mask> seemed to have lost direction, and his personal life was in disarray amidst reports of less vigorous training prior to the Buster Douglas match. In a fight on February 11, 1990, he lost the undisputed championship to Douglas in Tokyo. <mask> was a huge betting favorite; indeed, the Mirage, the only casino to put out odds for the fight, made <mask> a 42/1 favorite. <mask> failed to find a way past Douglas's quick jab that had a  reach advantage over his own. <mask> did catch Douglas with an

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title: Mike Tyson

texts:
 uppercut in the eighth round and knocked him to the floor, but Douglas recovered sufficiently to hand <mask> a heavy beating in the subsequent two rounds. After the fight, the <mask> camp would complain that the count was slow and that Douglas had taken longer than ten seconds to get back on his feet. Just 35 seconds into the tenth round, Douglas unleashed a brutal uppercut, followed by a four-punch combination of hooks that sent <mask> to the canvas for the first time in his career.He was counted out by referee Octavio Meyran. The knockout victory by Douglas over <mask>, the previously undefeated "baddest man on the planet" and arguably the most feared boxer in professional boxing at that time, has been described as one of the most shocking upsets in modern sports history. After Douglas

Despite the shocking loss, <mask> has said that losing to Douglas was the greatest moment of his career. “I needed that fight to make me a better person and fighter. I have a broader perspective of myself and boxing.”

After the loss, <mask> recovered with first-round knockouts of Henry Tillman and Alex Stewart in his next two fights. <mask>'s victory over Tillman, the 1984 Olympic heavyweight gold medalist, enabled <mask> to avenge his amateur losses at Tillman's hands. These bouts set up an elimination match for another shot at the undisputed world heavyweight championship, which Evander Holyfield had taken from Douglas in his first defense of the title.<mask>, who was the number one contender, faced number two contender Donovan "Razor" Ruddock on March 18, 1991, in Las Vegas. Ruddock was seen as the most dangerous heavyweight around and was thought


title: Mike Tyson

texts:
 of as one of the hardest punching heavyweights. <mask> and Ruddock went back and forth for most of the fight, until referee Richard Steele controversially stopped the fight during the seventh round in favor of <mask>. This decision infuriated the fans in attendance, sparking a post-fight melee in the audience. The referee had to be escorted from the ring. <mask> and Ruddock met again on June 28 that year, with <mask> knocking down Ruddock twice and winning a twelve-round unanimous decision 113–109, 114–108, and 114–108. A fight between <mask> and Holyfield for the undisputed championship was scheduled for November 8, 1991, at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, but <mask> pulled out after sustaining a rib cartilage injury during training.Rape trial and prison
<mask> was arrested in July 1991 for the rape of 18-year-old Desiree Washington, Miss Black Rhode Island, in an Indianapolis hotel room. <mask>'s rape trial took place in the Marion County superior court from January 26 to February 10, 1992. Partial corroboration of Washington's story came via testimony from <mask>'s chauffeur who confirmed Desiree Washington's state of shock after the incident. Further testimony came from the emergency room physician who examined Washington more than 24 hours after the incident and confirmed that Washington's physical condition was consistent with rape. Under lead defense lawyer Vincent J. Fuller's direct examination, <mask> claimed that everything had taken place with Washington's full consent and he claimed not to have forced himself upon her. When he was cross-examined by lead prosecutor Gregory Garrison, <mask> denied claims that he had misled

masks: Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts: Washington and insisted that she wanted to have sex with him. <mask> was convicted on the rape charge on February 10, 1992, after the jury deliberated for nearly 10 hours.Alan Dershowitz, acting as <mask>'s counsel, filed an appeal urging error of law in the Court's exclusion of evidence of the victim's past sexual conduct (known as the Rape Shield Law), the exclusion of three potential defense witnesses, and the lack of a jury instruction on honest and reasonable mistake of fact. The Indiana Court of Appeals ruled against <mask> in a 2–1 vote. The Indiana Supreme Court let the lower court opinion stand due to a 2–2 split in its review. The tie vote was due to the fact that the Chief Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court recused himself from the case. The Chief Justice later revealed he did so because of a heated argument between his wife and Dershowitz at a Yale Law School reunion concerning the case. On March 26, 1992, <mask> was sentenced to six years in prison along with four years of probation. He was assigned to the Indiana Youth Center (now the Plainfield Correctional Facility) in April 1992, and he was released in March 1995 after serving less than three years of the sentence.It has been widely reported that while in prison, <mask> converted to Islam and adopted the Muslim name Malik Abdul Aziz (though some sources report the adoption of a different Islamic name, Malik Shabazz). However, <mask> has stated that he converted to Islam before entering prison, but made no efforts to correct the misinformation in the media. Due to his conviction, <mask> is required to register as a Tier II sex offender under federal law.

masks: Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts:
 Comeback

After being paroled from prison, <mask> easily won his comeback bouts against Peter McNeeley and Buster Mathis Jr. <mask>'s first comeback fight grossed more than US$96 million worldwide, including a United States record $63 million for PPV television. The viewing of the fight was purchased by 1.52 million homes, setting both PPV viewership and revenue records. The 89-second fight elicited criticism that <mask>'s management lined up "tomato cans" to ensure easy victories for his return. TV Guide included the <mask>eeley fight in their list of the 50 Greatest TV Sports Moments of All Time in 1998.<mask> regained one belt by easily winning the WBC title against Frank Bruno in March 1996. It was the second fight between the two, and <mask> knocked out Bruno in the third round. In 1996, Lennox Lewis turned down a $13.5 million guarantee to fight <mask>. This would've been Lewis's highest fight purse to date. Lewis then accepted $4 million from Don King to step aside and allow <mask> to fight Bruce Seldon for an expected $30 million instead with the intention that if <mask> defeated Seldon, he would fight Lewis next. <mask> added the WBA belt by defeating champion Seldon in the first round in September that year. Seldon was severely criticized and mocked in the popular press for seemingly collapsing to innocuous punches from <mask>.<mask> fights

<mask> vs. Holyfield I

<mask> attempted to defend the WBA title against Evander Holyfield, who was in the fourth fight of his own comeback. Holyfield had retired in 1994 following the loss of his championship to Michael Moorer. It was said that Don King and others saw former champion

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Tyson
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Tyson
Tyson McN
Tyson
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Tyson
Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts:
 Holyfield, who was 34 at the time of the fight and a huge underdog, as a washed-up fighter. On November 9, 1996, in Las Vegas, Nevada, <mask> faced Holyfield in a title bout dubbed "Finally". In a surprising turn of events, Holyfield, who was given virtually no chance to win by numerous commentators, defeated <mask> by TKO when referee Mitch Halpern stopped the bout in round eleven. Holyfield became the second boxer to win a heavyweight championship belt three times. Holyfield's victory was marred by allegations from <mask>'s camp of Holyfield's frequent headbutts during the bout.Although the headbutts were ruled accidental by the referee, they would become a point of contention in the subsequent rematch. <mask> vs. Holyfield II and aftermath

<mask> and Holyfield fought again on June 28, 1997. Originally, Halpern was supposed to be the referee, but after <mask>'s camp protested, Halpern stepped aside in favor of Mills Lane. The highly anticipated rematch was dubbed The Sound and the Fury, and it was held at the Las Vegas MGM Grand Garden Arena, site of the first bout. It was a lucrative event, drawing even more attention than the first bout and grossing $100 million. <mask> received $30 million and Holyfield $35 million, the highest paid professional boxing purses until 2007. The fight was purchased by 1.99 million households, setting a pay-per-view buy rate record that stood until May 5, 2007, being surpassed by Oscar De La Hoya vs. Floyd Mayweather Jr.Soon to become one of the most controversial events in modern sports, the fight was stopped at the end of the third round, with <mask> disqualified for biting Holyfield on both ears.

masks: Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson Tyson


title: Mike Tyson

texts: The first time <mask> bit him, the match was temporarily stopped. Referee Mills Lane deducted two points from <mask> and the fight resumed. However, after the match resumed, <mask> bit him again, resulting in his disqualification, and Holyfield won the match. The first bite was severe enough to remove a piece of Holyfield's right ear, which was found on the ring floor after the fight. <mask> later stated that his actions were retaliation for Holyfield repeatedly headbutting him without penalty. In the confusion that followed the ending of the bout and announcement of the decision, a near riot occurred in the arena and several people were injured.<mask> II was the first heavyweight title fight in over 50 years to end in a disqualification. As a subsequent fallout from the incident, US$3 million was immediately withheld from <mask>'s $30-million purse by the Nevada state boxing commission (the most it could legally hold back at the time). Two days after the fight, <mask> issued a statement, apologizing to Holyfield for his actions and asked not to be banned for life over the incident. <mask> was roundly condemned in the news media but was not without defenders. Novelist and commentator Katherine Dunn wrote a column that criticized Holyfield's sportsmanship in the controversial bout and charged the news media with being biased against <mask>. On July 9, 1997, <mask>'s boxing license was rescinded by the Nevada State Athletic Commission in a unanimous voice vote; he was also fined US$3 million and ordered to pay the legal costs of the hearing. As most state athletic commissions honor sanctions imposed by other states, this effectively made

masks:
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson Holyfield
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson
Tyson