title: E. LeBron Fairbanks

texts:
 groups to receive federal social security funding, specifically arguing that MVNC wanted to build subsidized housing for low-income students but was prevented by legislation from applying for such aid even though public colleges were eligible. Retirement (2007–2008)
After <mask> left MVNU, he spent a few months at their home in Lakeland, Florida completing Learning to Be Last: Leadership for Congregational Transformation (Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 2008) that he co-wrote with Stan Toler. Additionally, <mask> chaired a Missional Review team assessing the Church of the Nazarene International Board of Education (IBOE) and the role of the Education Commissioner. In late March 2007 <mask> travelled to The Netherlands where he participated in meetings of the International Course of Study Advisory Committee (ICOSAC) and the IBOE.The <mask>es  returned to European Nazarene College (EuNC) for the fall 2007 semester and taught in EuNC's extension program throughout Europe. In September 2007, the APNTS Board of Trustees elected <mask> as vice-president for Planning and Development, a non-resident administration position. In January 2008, <mask> became an adjunct professor at APNTS, where he has taught "Organizational Leadership", "Legal, Ethical, and Political Issues in Leadership', and "Spiritual Formation" courses. 3rd Education Commissioner of the Church of the Nazarene (2008–2011)
Despite having retired from Mount Vernon Nazarene University, <mask> accepted unanimous election as the denomination's 3rd Education Commissioner by the General Board of the Church of the Nazarene on February 2008. As the Education Commissioner, it was his responsibility work closely with the International Board of


title: E. LeBron Fairbanks

type: original

texts:
 Education (IBOE) of the Church of the Nazarene, a 13-member board representing a consortium of 52 Nazarene colleges, universities, and seminaries Nazarene institutions with over 50,000 students on campuses and learning centers in 120 nations; the denomination’s regional education coordinators from the Asia-Pacific, Eurasia, South America, Mesoamerica, Africa, USA/Canada regions; and administrators and board leaders of the education institutions of the Church of the Nazarene. In October 2011 <mask> retired as the Education Commissioner for the Church of the Nazarene, and was succeeded by Dr. Daniel Copp. BoardServe LLC (from 2011)
In 2011 <mask> founded BoardServe LLC, "a consulting resource for governing boards and their leaders", that provides "a consulting and coaching resource to board chairs, school and organization leaders, and to governing board members who desire to function in their board roles more effectively and efficiently, and consistent with the mission, vision and values of the organization."In 2012 <mask> co-authored "Best Practices for Effective Boards" and also created a teaching video, "Building Better Boards: A Conversation", that is available in English, Spanish and Burmese. In October 2016 <mask> authored the book, "Leading Decisively! Leading Faithfully! Reflections and Markers", which has since been translated into six additional languages: Spanish, Korean, Portuguese, Italian, Burmese and Mandarin Chinese. Other activities
<mask> served on the International Course of Study Advisory Committee (ICOSAC) from 1977 to 2011; was a member of the Church of the Nazarene's Education Commission Steering Committee from 1985 to 1989; served from 1995 to 1998 as chair of a Church of

masks: Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks


title: E. LeBron Fairbanks

texts:
 the Nazarene Council of Education subcommittee developing a strategic plan for networking and collaboration; from 1998 to 1999 was a member of the writing team member, TEAM CIS (Confederation of Independent States) project; from 1998 to 2000 was a member of the writing team that created the Nazarene Education Manifesto; chaired the committee "Who Owns Ministerial Preparation?" (2001–2002); and served as secretary of the International Church Commission from (2001–2005). While President of Mount Vernon Nazarene University, <mask> served on the executive committee of the Ohio Foundation of Independent Colleges; and was a member of the board of directors of the Council of Independent Colleges.was a member of the International Management Council, in Mount Vernon, Ohio; was a member of the Mount Vernon YMCA Board, the Community Foundation of Mount Vernon and Knox County, the Mount Vernon Rotary Club, and was an honorary chair of Knox Community  Hospital’s capital campaign for a new medical pavilion. Later years
After his retirement as Education Commissioner, in October 2011, <mask> and his wife Anne moved to Lakeland, Florida. In 2013 <mask> served as the interim principal of Nazarene Theological College in Thornlands, Queensland, Australia. From 2014 to 2016, <mask> was a Senior Consultant at the National Development Institute in Columbia, South Carolina. <mask> has also served as interim pastor of First Church of the Nazarene in Tampa, Florida in 2014; Lake Gibson Church of the Nazarene in Lakeland, Florida in 2014; and the First Vietnamese Church of the Nazarene in Tampa, Florida in 2016. Personal
On June 22, 1962, <mask> married <mask> James (born on September 16, 1942 in Gainesville, Georgia).

masks:
Fairbanks
Fairbanks
Fairbanks
Fairbanks
Fairbanks
Fairbanks
Edith Anne


title: E. LeBron Fairbanks

texts:
 The <mask>es have one son, <mask> <mask>, whom they adopted in 1975.Honors and awards
In 1991, <mask> was given the Ministerial "T" Award as the clergy Alumnus of the Year by his alma mater, Trevecca Nazarene University. In 1993 the Asia-Pacific region established a media center on campus of APNTS, that was named the "Fairbanks Media Center" in his honor in 1994 by the Board of Trustees of APNTS. In 2004, APNTS named <mask> President Emeritus of APNTS. After his retirement as president of MVNU, <mask> was declared President Emeritus of Mount Vernon Nazarene University in 2007. In 2011, <mask> was presented with a Certificado po Servicio Distinguido by Seminario Theologico Nazareno, Ciudad de Guatemala. During the 89th Session of the General Board of the Church of the Nazarene that met in Overland Park, Kansas in February 2012, <mask>' ministry in the Church of the Nazarene was recognized, and the following tribute was included:
Along the way his career and service to the Church of the Nazarene and higher education include a distinguishing characteristic of servant leadership with a strong emphasis on personal integrity. In 2012, <mask> was recognized as a Certified Nonprofit Consultant in Board Development by the National Development Institute.Works
 "Writings": a collection of speeches, messages, miscellaneous addresses, and essays written by Dr. E<mask> <mask>. Theses
 "Strengthening Family Communication in the Christian Home: A Family Enrichment Retreat." D.Min. thesis, Nazarene Theological Seminary, 1978. Books
 Acts: The Continuing Mission of the Church. Beacon Small-Group Bible Study Series. Ed.<mask>. Wolf. Kansas City, MO: Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 1985. For This We Stand: Values

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Stephen LeBron
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title: E. LeBron Fairbanks

texts:
 City, MO: Nazarene Publishing House, 1980.European Nazarene Bible College. Alpine Committee. Alpine 91: 25 Years ENBC. European Nazarene Bible College, 1991. Gresham, Loren P. and L. Paul Gresham. From Many Came One, in Jesus' Name: Southern Nazarene University Looks Back on a Century: A Pictorial and Synoptic History of SNU. Virginia Beach, VA: Donning Co., c1998.Patrick, Connie Griffith. The Miracle Goes on: European Nazarene Bible College. Kansas City, MO: Nazarene Publishing House, 2000. Raser, Harold E. More Preachers and Better Preachers: The First Fifty Years of Nazarene Theological Seminary. Kansas City, MO: Nazarene, 1995. Wynkoop, Mildred B. The Trevecca Story: 75 Years of Christian Service.Nashville: Trevecca Press, 1976. References

External links
 "Writings": a collection of speeches, messages, miscellaneous addresses, and essays written by Dr. E. <mask> <mask>. "E. LeBRON FAIRBANKS: Vita 2020"
 BoardServe LLC

1942 births
Living people
Methodist missionaries in the Philippines
Asia-Pacific Nazarene Theological Seminary
Presidents of Mount Vernon Nazarene University
Church of the Nazarene missionaries
American Nazarene ministers
People from Chattanooga, Tennessee
Trevecca Nazarene University alumni
Nazarene Theological Seminary alumni
Scarritt College alumni
American Methodist

masks: LeBron Fairbanks


title: David Cheriton

texts:
<mask> (born March 29, 1951) is a Canadian computer scientist, mathematician, billionaire businessman, philanthropist, and venture capitalist. He is a computer science professor at Stanford University, where he founded and leads the Distributed Systems Group. He is a distributed computing and computer networking expert, with insight into identifying big market opportunities and building the architectures needed to address such opportunities. He has founded and invested in technology companies, including Google, where he was among the first angel investors; VMware, where he was an early investor; and Arista, where he was cofounder and chief scientist. He has funded at least 20 companies. <mask> was ranked by Forbes with an estimated net worth of US$8.8 billion, as of April 2021. He has made contributions to education, with a $25 million donation to support graduate studies and research in the School of Computer Science (subsequently renamed David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science) at the University of Waterloo, a $7.5 million donation to the University of British Columbia, and a $12 million endowment in 2016 to Stanford University to support Computer Science faculty, graduate fellowships, and undergraduate scholarships.Education

Born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Cheriton attended public schools in the Highlands neighborhood of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. He briefly attended the University of Alberta where he had applied for both mathematics and music. He was rejected by the music program, and then went on to study mathematics and received his Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree from the University of British Columbia in 1973. Cheriton received his Master of Science (M.S.) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degrees in computer science from the University of Waterloo in

masks:
David Ross Cheriton
Cheriton


title: David Cheriton

texts:
 Cheriton has also funded two graduate student fellowships and one undergrad fellowship at Stanford, and donated several millions of dollars to Stanford to fund research. He campaigned against asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) that was favored by telephone carriers, preferring Ethernet, which he saw as a simpler, proven option. Ethernet gradually superseded alternatives. Personal life
In 1980, Cheriton married Iris Fraser. They had four children, and divorced in 1994. According to public record, Cheriton made a total of over $5,000 donations to the presidential candidate Donald Trump in 2019.See also
 List of University of Waterloo people

References

External links

 Stanford University Distributed Systems Group
 Founder of Intent Based Networking Company Apstra
 <mask> speaks at the Open Networking User Group (ONUG) Great Debate

1951 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Vancouver
Canadian billionaires
Canadian computer businesspeople
Canadian computer scientists
Canadian expatriate academics in the United States
Canadian mathematicians
Canadian technology chief executives
Canadian technology company founders
Canadian venture capitalists
Scientists from Vancouver
Stanford University School of Engineering faculty
University of British Columbia Faculty of Science alumni
University of British Columbia faculty
University of Waterloo


title: August Closs

texts:
<mask> (9 August 1898 – 21 June 1990) was a professor of German studies. Born in Austria, he studied German and English language and literature, and in 1929 moved to London. There he taught at University College, and became friends with the German scholar Robert Priebsch, whose daughter Hannah he married. In 1931 he began teaching at the University of Bristol, where he stayed until his retirement in 1964. He was a prolific author on and editor and anthologizer of German poetry. In addition, he was a dedicated collector of manuscripts and books; part of his collection was sold to Princeton University, and the rest forms the Priebsch-Closs Collection Institute of Germanic and Romance Studies. He is remembered also for his efforts to bring about German-English reconciliation after the Second World War, especially between the cities of Bristol and Hannover.Biography
<mask> was born in Neumarkt in Steiermark, Austria, the child of a law official, Alois <mask>, and his wife, Rosa (born Halm). From 1906 to 1916 he attended the Fürstbischöfliches Gymnasium in Graz, then served in the Austrian army. The Italians imprisoned him in 1918, and upon his release, in 1919, he enrolled at the University of Graz where he studied German and English and received his doctorate with a thesis on Arno Holz, directed by Bernhard Seuffert. At the University of Vienna he got a teaching qualification in 1924, then taught school. He moved to England in 1929 and lectured at the University of Sheffield before he moved to London and taught at University College London. There he met Robert Priebsch, a German professor (author of Handschriften in England, Erlangen 1896-1901), whose daughter Hannah he married in 1931. They had one daughter, <mask> Traugott, who was a

masks:
August Max Closs
Closs
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Elizabeth Closs


title: August Closs

texts:
 professor of linguistics and English at Stanford University, from 1970 to 2003.<mask> admired Priebsch greatly, and edited of some of his unpublished work, including Letter from Heaven (1936) and Christi Leiden in einer Vision geschaut (1936), as well as his correspondence with the linguist Elias von Steinmeyer. That same year, 1931, <mask> moved his family to Bristol, where he began a long career at the University of Bristol. He was hired as a lecturer and head of the German department, was promoted to reader in 1936, and professor in 1948; he retired in 1964. By that time he had been visiting professor all over Europe and the US and Canada, and had advised Jawaharlal Nehru on reforming universities in India. <mask> published monographs, edited anthologies of German literature, and wrote many articles and reviews. He was both praised and criticized for an idiosyncrasy considered unorthodox, belonging to a different age; a reviewer of the second edition of his The Genius of the German Lyric (the fact that a book of literary criticism appeared in a second edition is remarked as notable) criticizes the book for historical confusion and easy generalities, but remarks, "Of course it would be wrong to ignore the very positive aspects of this book. It stands in a tradition of writing which has by now largely died out, being a highly subjective, idiosyncratic study, the product of a civilized outlook, wide reading and a real love of the subject.As such it inevitably demands to be judged by standards other than those of orthodox present-day academic scholarship". The Dictionary of National Biography describes him thusly:

A gracious, charming man in an old-fashioned Austrian manner, he seemed in later life almost the archetypal professor of

masks: Closs Closs Closs


title: August Closs

texts:
 popular imagination, with straggly white hair, wayward handwriting, and an infectious enthusiasm for anything that caught his attention. Like Goethe he believed that literature could have an effect on individuals and mould them into world citizens. As a teacher he had a rare ability to bring poetry alive, and published on it prolifically. After World War II, <mask> played an important part in the reestablishment of cultural relations between Germany and England, especially between the war-damaged cities of Bristol and Hannover. He led an "expedition" of five men representing educational, governmental, and commercial organizations from Bristol on a visit to Hannover to investigate possible aid projects. In the end, a committee was formed to "support and develop contacts" with Hannover in various areas, efforts for which Cross was rewarded in 1987 with honorary citizenship of the city of Hannover.He died of heart failure in hospital in Bristol on 21 June 1990. His memorial service, on 2 November 1990 at St Mary Redcliffe, was described as "magnificent...framed with the music of Mozart", with the burgomaster of Hannover as one of the participants. Books
From his father-in-law <mask> and his wife inherited an extensive collection of manuscripts that he augmented significantly. He sold 273 16th-century books to Princeton University in 1969. The 2300 volumes of his 17th to 19th-century books comprise the Priebsch-<mask> collection of the Institute of Germanic and Romance Studies in London, and after his death the rest of his collection, including 20th-century first editions, manuscripts, and correspondences were donated to the Institute. Awards
Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, grand cross
Austrian Decoration for Science


title: August Closs

texts:
 and Art
Honorary doctorate, Leibniz University Hannover
Honorary doctorate, University of Bristol

Bibliography
The Genius of the German Lyric: An Historical Survey of Its Formal and Metaphysical Values (1938, rev. 1962)
Tristan and Isolt (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1944)
Die freien Rhythmen in der deutschen Lyrik (1947), dedicated to Priebsch
Die neuere deutsche Lyrik vom Barock bis zur Gegenwart (Berlin: Erich Schmidt, 1952)
Medusa's Mirror: Studies in German Literature (London: Cresset, 1957), a collection of essays dedicated to his wife
Reality and Creative Vision in German Lyric Poetry (London: Butterworth, 1963), edited collection
German Literature series, editor:
German Literature in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
Twentieth-century German Literature (London: Cresset, 1969; New York: Barnes and Noble, 1969)
Robert Priebsch-Elias von Steinmeyer: Briefwechsel.Ausgewahlt und herausgegeben von <mask> (Berlin: Erich Schmidt, 1979)

References

External links
Priebsch-Closs collection at MASC25

1898 births
1990 deaths
Academics of University College London
Academics of the University of Sheffield
Book and manuscript collectors
German scholars
German literary theorists
University of Graz alumni
University of Vienna alumni
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of


title: Bernard Rands

texts:
<mask> (born 2 March 1934 in Sheffield, England) is a British-American contemporary classical music composer. He studied music and English literature at the University of Wales, Bangor, and composition with Pierre Boulez and Bruno Maderna in Darmstadt, Germany, and with Luigi Dallapiccola and Luciano Berio in Milan, Italy. He held residencies at Princeton University, the University of Illinois, and the University of York before emigrating to the United States in 1975; he became a U.S. citizen in 1983. In 1984, <mask>'s Canti del Sole, premiered by Paul Sperry, Zubin Mehta, and the New York Philharmonic, won the Pulitzer Prize for Music. He has since taught at the University of California, San Diego, the Juilliard School, Yale University, and Boston University. From 1988 to 2005 he taught at Harvard University, where he is Walter Bigelow Rosen Professor of Music Emeritus. For his notable students,

<mask> has received many awards for his work, and was elected and inducted into The American Academy of Arts and Letters in 2004.From 1989 to 1995 he was composer-in-residence with the Philadelphia Orchestra. Rands's music is widely recorded. The recording of his Canti D'Amor by the men's vocal ensemble Chanticleer won a Grammy Award in 2000. Rands is married to American composer Augusta Read Thomas. Works

Opera

Belladonna (1999)
opera in two acts, with a libretto by Leslie Dunton Downer, commissioned by the Aspen Festival. Première: 1999, Aspen Music

masks:
Bernard Rands
Rands
Rands


title: Bernard Rands

texts:
 premièred in 2001 in Cambridge by that group. apókryphos (2002), for soprano solo, S.A.T.B. choir & orchestra
major 40-minute work setting texts by Paul Celan, Heinrich Heine, Nelly Sachs, Franz Werfel and English translations of extracts from the Apocrypha.Commissioned by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and Chorus, and premièred at Symphony Center in May 2003 with soprano Angela Denoke under Daniel Barenboim (choral director: Duain Wolfe). Further performances have taken place in Germany and Austria in 2010, at the Berlin Philharmonie and the Konzerthaus, Großer Saal by the Staatskapelle Berlin and Staatsopernchor Berlin, again with Daniel Barenboim conducting. My Child (2003), for a cappella S.A.T.B. Current Projects
Rands has most recently completed a Seattle Symphony commission, which premièred under Gerard Schwarz on 7 December 2010 at Benaroya Hall, Seattle, alongside works by Tchaikovsky and Shostakovich. References

 Kennedy, Michael and Kennedy, Joyce Bourne (eds.) (2006) "Rands, <mask>" The Oxford Dictionary of Music (2nd rev.) Oxford University Press, Oxford,

External links
<mask>s official site
<mask>s page from Art of the States site
Interview with <mask>, December 3, 1993

Listening
Art of the States: <mask>s two works by the composer

1934 births
Living people
Harvard University faculty
University of California, San Diego faculty
Princeton University faculty
Boston University faculty
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical

masks:
Bernard
Bernard Rand
Bernard Rand
Bernard Rands
Bernard Rand


title: Saleh al-Arouri

texts:
<mask>-Arouri (born 19 August 1966; ), also transliterated as Salah al-Arouri or Salih al-Aruri, is a prominent leader of Hamas and founding commander of Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the Hamas military. He is regarded as "the military commander of the West Bank." And as being "a capable, charismatic, suspicious, and shrewd operator, with excellent connections." Al-Arouri founded the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades. The government of the United States accuses al-Arouri of having been, "a high-ranking Hamas military leader dating back to his role as a Hamas student cell leader at Hebron University in the early 1990s." He also served as a recruiter, and was actively involved in raising and transferring funds on behalf of Hamas. He remains the subject of a $5,000,000 bounty by the Rewards for Justice Program.Education, recruitment and jail time
Al-Arouri was born on 19 August 1966 in Aroura in the West Bank. In 1985, he enrolled at Hebron University to study Sharia law. He was elected head of the Islamic faction at the university, where he established ties to Kutla Islamiya (Islamic Blocs), Hamas’ youth wing on campus. Through his connection to Kutla Islamiya, al-Arouri met Muin Shahib, a Bir University-based Hamas operative who recruited al-Arouri to the ranks of Hamas and entrusted him with funding of an infrastructure for Hamas’ military apparatus in Hebron. In November 1990, al-Arouri was arrested by Israeli authorities. He spent only six months in jail, but was arrested again shortly after. Initially held on administrative detention, he spent  15 years in jail for his leadership role in Hamas.In 2007, al-Arouri was arrested again by the Israeli authorities and released in March 2010, probably for his decisive role in the release of Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit who was captured by Hamas in 2006. Al-Arouri was later expelled from Gaza as his presence was reputed to pose a threat to Israel. When he was released from prison in Israel in


title: Roy Paul

texts:
<mask> (18 April 1920 – 21 May 2002) was a Welsh professional footballer who played as a half-back for Swansea Town and Manchester City. He also represented the Welsh national team over 30 times and is regarded as one of Wales' best ever players. Brought up in the Rhondda Valley, <mask> became a miner after leaving school, but an offer of a professional contract from Swansea gave him the opportunity to leave the colliery. His football career was then disrupted by Second World War, during which he was a physical training instructor. After the war, <mask> made his League debut, and spent four years playing first team football for Swansea, winning the Third Division South championship in 1948–49. Transfer listed after an abortive move to Colombian club Millonarios, <mask> joined Manchester City for £19,500 in June 1950. At Manchester City <mask> spent seven years as captain, leading the club to successive FA Cup finals in 1955 and 1956, losing the first and winning the second.In 1957 he became player-manager of Worcester City, and subsequently wound down his career in his native South Wales, becoming a lorry driver. He died in 2002 aged 82. Club career

Early career
<mask> was born on 18 April 1920 in Ton Pentre, Glamorgan, in the valleys of South Wales, and was one of 12 children. He attended Bronllwyn School in Gelli. <mask> left school at 15, and like many boys from the Rhondda Valley he became a miner. While playing football for Ton Boys Club he was spotted by Swansea Town, for whom he signed first as an amateur, and then a month later as a professional. The Swansea captain was Bill Imrie, a former Scotland international.<mask> named Imrie as a strong

masks:
Roy Paul
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title: Roy Paul

texts: influence in his early career, particularly for instructing him in the fundamentals of good wing-half play. <mask> played for Swansea's junior sides, but just as he was approaching the fringes of the first team, the league was suspended due to the outbreak of the Second World War. At the start of the war <mask> returned to the mines. He continued to represent Swansea in wartime leagues, and played for the senior team for the first time in 1939. <mask> struggled to readapt to mining life, and volunteered for the Marines in 1940. He served as a sergeant physical training instructor, primarily in Devon, though he also spent part of the war in India. When in Devon he played football as a guest for Exeter City, and when in Wales he played wartime football for Swansea.Once the war was over <mask> finally made his League debut for Swansea, having lost six years of his career to the war. The Swansea coach in the immediate post-war period was Frank Barson, a notoriously aggressive character who was known as "the centre-forward's graveyard" in his playing days. Barson instructed <mask> in the art of tackling during lengthy practise sessions, and made him aware of the tricks that a wily opponent could use to gain the upper hand in a physical battle. <mask> went on to make 159 league appearances for Swansea in a four-year period, winning the Third Division South championship in 1948–49. An impressive appearance against top-flight club Arsenal in a 1950 FA Cup match resulted in the Londoners making an offer for the player, but Swansea turned it down. Later that year, <mask> received an offer of a trial with Colombian club Millonarios. Colombian clubs, who were not

masks: Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul


title: Roy Paul

texts:
 required to pay transfer fees as their governing body was not affiliated with FIFA, made similar offers to several British players.<mask> was one of seven to make the trip to South America. Millonarios offered him a £3,000 signing on fee and £150 per month, far in excess of the £12 per week maximum wage in British football. Once in Colombia, <mask> found himself unimpressed by the conditions. He remarked in his autobiography that seeing football pitches surrounded by barbed wire put him in mind of "a concentration camp, or maybe the monkey-house in the zoo". <mask> stayed in Bogota for only ten days, without playing a single match. Swansea were angered by <mask>'s trip, and transfer-listed him upon his return. As a result, he transferred to Manchester City for £19,500, a British record for a half-back.Ken Barnes joined the club on the same day. The two became close friends; <mask> was best man at Barnes' wedding. Manchester City
<mask> joined a Manchester City side which had just been relegated to the Second Division, and were thus playing at the same level as Swansea. <mask> made his debut for the club on the opening day of the 1950–51 season, a 4–2 victory against a Preston North End side featuring Tom Finney. Manchester City went ten matches unbeaten at the start of the season, until a 4–3 defeat at Doncaster Rovers, where City blew a 3–0 half-time lead. <mask> played in all but one match that season, becoming club captain and helping his club win promotion, as runners-up behind champions Preston. Writer HD Davies, under his pen name Old International, attributed much of City's cohesive play over the season to the addition of <mask> to the

masks: Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul


title: Roy Paul

texts: side.Promotion meant <mask> was playing club football at the highest level for the first time. For the next three seasons, his club languished in the lower reaches of the league table. During one spell of particularly poor form in 1953, newspapers wrote of a feud between <mask> and his team-mate Ivor Broadis. <mask> was critical of Broadis, a talented inside-forward, but one who in <mask>'s view did not exert sufficient effort when defending.<ref>A Red Dragon of Wales, p. 57.</ref> In the 1954–55 pre-season a new tactic was introduced which would change the direction of the club. Inspired by the Hungary team which had beaten England 6–3 the previous year, the club's reserves had used a tactical system in which Johnny Williamson was used as a deep-lying centre-forward, resulting in a lengthy unbeaten run. Manchester City manager Les McDowall decided to try the system at first team level, using Don Revie in the centre-forward role. Henceforth the system became known as The Revie Plan.The opening match of the season resulted in a 5–0 defeat at the hands of Preston North End. The following match the system was tweaked with Ken Barnes picked in place of John McTavish. City beat Sheffield United 5–2, and the system was retained for the remainder of the season. <mask>'s tactical role was relatively unchanged compared to that of some of his team-mates, but as captain he was responsible for retaining the cohesion of his players. The Manchester Guardian'' regarded <mask> to be well suited to the system, calling it "a strategy which shows off to perfection the strength and maturity of <mask> among his younger defenders". Using the new system, results improved. In


title: Roy Paul

texts: September 1954 City beat Arsenal to go top of the league, though not without personal cost for <mask>, as an elbow from Arsenal's Tommy Lawton resulted in the loss of four teeth.City could not sustain their title challenge, finishing seventh, but <mask>'s team enjoyed a successful run in the FA Cup, reaching the final, where they faced Newcastle United. An early goal by Jackie Milburn and an unfortunate injury to Jimmy Meadows on 18 minutes left City playing with 10 men and gave them an uphill task. <mask> took the responsibility of changing tactics: "Like certain generals I believe that in dire emergency it is often better to attack. I clapped my hands and yelled "Let's show these Geordies the stuff that's taken us to Wembley"". The performance in the remainder of the first half was improved, resulting in an equalising goal by Bobby Johnstone, but in the second half Newcastle scored twice to win 3–1. Publicly, <mask> vowed to take his team to Wembley again, but privately he blamed himself for the defeat, questioning whether he had failed as captain. The following season the club surpassed the achievements of the previous season, finishing fourth in the league and again reaching the FA Cup final, this time facing Birmingham City.Conscious that early nerves had affected his team in 1955, in the dressing room he focussed on instilling each member of his team with confidence. This time it was Manchester City who scored an early goal, and with City leading in the second half <mask> told his men to keep the ball in play as much as possible in order to tire out the Birmingham players. Then German goalkeeper Bert Trautmann badly hurt his neck in a collision with

masks: Paul Paul Paul Paul Paul


title: Roy Paul

texts:
 Peter Murphy. <mask> instructed <mask> to take Trautmann's place, but Trautmann insisted that he would keep playing. Then Manchester City held on for the victory, and <mask> collected the trophy from Queen Elizabeth II. X-rays later revealed that Trautmann had played on with a broken neck. <mask> took the match ball from the final as a souvenir, and gave it to his son.After the cup win <mask> played one more season for Manchester City. In the summer of 1957 he was offered a new contract, but instead retired from the professional game aged 37, citing loss of pace due to age as the deciding factor. His final appearance for the club came on 22 April 1957 against Everton. In total he made 293 appearances for Manchester City, scoring 9 goals. Upon finishing his professional career, <mask> returned to the Rhondda Valley, and settled in Gelli. He continued to play at semi-professional level, joining Worcester City, who paid him £20 a week and loaned him a car. <mask> made 124 appearances for Worcester between 1957 and 1960, including a three-month spell as player-manager.In 1959 he was part of the Worcester side which knocked Liverpool out of the FA Cup. He then moved to Brecon Corinthians, and later Garw Athletic, where he ended his career. Post-playing life
After the end of his football career, he became a lorry driver. He died on 21 May 2002 in Treorchy aged 82, following a long illness with Alzheimer's disease, leaving a wife, Beryl, and two children, Robert and Christine. He is buried in Treorchy Cemetery. International career
<mask> gained 33 caps for Wales. He did not gain any under-age caps, as in his era Wales did not field an under-23 team.He received

masks:
Paul
Roy Little
Paul
Paul
Paul
Paul
Paul
Paul


title: Roy Paul

texts:
 his first cap in October 1948, in a 3–1 defeat against Scotland. His only international goal came in a 5–1 win against Belgium in November 1949. In October 1955 <mask> was part of the Wales team that beat England 2–1, the first Welsh victory against England in 18 years. Six months later Wales faced Ireland in their final match of that season's British Home Championship. Wales were leading 1–0 when a handball by Danny Blanchflower gave Wales a penalty. <mask> took the kick, but it was saved by Norman Uprichard. <mask>'s failure cost Wales victory, as Jimmy Jones equalised in the second half and the match finished 1–1.A draw in the remaining fixture between Scotland and England meant that the miss also denied Wales victory in the tournament. Instead, for the first and only time there was a four-way tie. <mask> did not play for Wales again. Playing style
<mask> played as a half-back, with the exact position varying during his career. At Swansea he was primarily used as a right-half, but when he joined Manchester City manager Les McDowall switched him to the left, a position which <mask> preferred despite being right-footed. Internationally, he represented Wales in all three half-back positions over the course of his career. <mask> had a reputation as a physically tough player and inspirational captain.Team-mate Ken Barnes described him as a player who was "more about power than guile", and called him a "born leader" who was "brilliant in the air". <mask>'s approach to captaincy was to ensure that every player gave as much effort as possible, mixing the respect of his colleagues with the occasional attempt to frighten them into action; in the tunnel prior to

masks:
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Paul
Paul
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Roy Paul
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Paul
Paul


title: Marcel Bénabou

texts:
<mask> (29 June 1939, Meknes in Morocco) is a French writer and historian. Biography
Emeritus professor of Roman history at the Paris Diderot University, <mask>'s work focuses on ancient Rome, in particular North Africa during Antiquity and acculturation and romanisation processes at work in these provinces. A member of the "Ouvroir de littérature potentielle" (or OuLiPo) since 1969, which he joined one year after his friend Georges Perec, the following year he became the definitively provisional secretary. Since 2003 he combines this function with that of provisionally definitive secretary. His Oulipian works often focus on the genesis of literary work and autobiography. He appears in the guise of the lawyer Hassan Ibn Abbou in the novel La Disparition by his friend Georges Perec. Works

Some historical works
 Suétone, les Césars et l'histoire, introduction à La vie des douze Césars, éd.Folio, Gallimard, Paris 1975, 7-30. La Résistance africaine à la romanisation, éditions François Maspero, Paris, 1976
 Tacfarinas, insurgé berbère contre Rome, Les Africains, VII, éd. Jeune Afrique, 1977, 293-313. Juba II, ou l'africanité vassale de Rome, Les Africains, IX, éd. Jeune

masks:
Marcel Bénabou
Marcel Bénabou


title: Marcel Bénabou

texts:
 Afrique, 1978, 143-165
 « Les Romains ont-ils conquis l'Afrique ? » Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales, 1978, v. 33, n° 1, pp.83–88. with Micheline Legras-Wechsler and Peter Brunt, Conflits sociaux en République romaine, F. Maspero, 1979, 196 p.
 L'impero romano e le strutture economiche e sociali delle province, (éd. M. Crawford), Biblioteca di Athenaeum, 4, Roma, 1986. PVN préfacier ou une forme latérale de l’histoire, in Pierre Vidal-Naquet, un historien dans la cité, La Découverte, 1998, pp. 58–66. « Rome augustéenne : genèse d'un lyrisme urbain ? », Le Poète dans la Cité : de Platon à Shakespeare, Le Cri édition, 2003, pp.56–63. Une épopée familiale, Seuil, collection La librairie du XXe, 1995
 English translation: Jacob, Ménahem and Mimoun. A Family Epic, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, 1998 (National Jewish Book Award, 1998)
 German translation: Jacob, Menachem und Mimoun. References

External links
 <mask> on Oulipo.net

École Normale Supérieure alumni
French scholars of Roman history
20th-century French historians
20th-century French writers
20th-century male writers
21st-century French writers
Oulipo members
People from Meknes
1939 births
Living


title: Joseph Bailey (general)

texts:
<mask> (May 6, 1825March 21, 1867) was a civil engineer who served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Early life
<mask> was born near the town of Pennsville in Morgan County, Ohio. He earned a civil engineering degree at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, then moved to Wisconsin and became a civil engineer and lumberman. After successfully building a log dam on the Wisconsin River for use by lumber raftsmen, he and his wife, Mary, purchased several tracts of land in Kilbourn, Wisconsin (now Wisconsin Dells). He built a home in town with acreage that stretched northward up River Road which included the site of present-day Meadowbrook Resort. Politically, he was a Democrat. Civil War
<mask> entered the Union Army at the beginning of the war as captain of Company D of the 4th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment.He served as part of Major General Benjamin F. Butler's Army of the Gulf, which occupied New Orleans after Admiral David Farragut captured the city in April 1862. <mask> was named acting chief engineer for the city of New Orleans shortly after its occupation. Promoted to major in May 1863, <mask> contributed to the Union Army's engineering activities in support of the Siege of Port Hudson. In August 1863, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel when the regiment was redesignated as the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry Regiment. Red River Campaign
<mask>'s engineering skills during Major General Nathaniel P. Banks' ill-fated 1864 Red River Campaign are considered the reason the campaign did not result in the loss of the entire 30,000-man Army of the Gulf. Having landed his forces at Simmesport,

masks:
Joseph Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey


title: Joseph Bailey (general)

texts: Louisiana in March with the intention of moving north along the Red River some 200 miles to capture Shreveport, the headquarters of Confederate General Edmund Kirby Smith, Banks was repulsed at the Battle of Mansfield on April 8, 1864, by Confederate General Richard Taylor and his force of just 12,000 men. Retreating down the Red River, Banks found the low river level at Alexandria prohibited the passage of Commander David Dixon Porter's fleet of ten Federal gunboats, part of the Union Army's Mississippi Squadron.Hounded by Taylor's forces in the rear, Banks faced the humiliating necessity of abandoning Porter's fleet. Without the fleet's supporting firepower, his entire Army would risk capture before it could return to safety in New Orleans. Resigned to his fate, Banks reluctantly listened to Porter's suggestion to give <mask>'s idea a try. <mask> suggested building a wing dam, similar to those he had built as a Wisconsin lumberman. The dam, <mask> argued, would raise the level of the river. When it was high enough to carry Porter's fleet over the falls, <mask> would blow up the dam, and the fleet would be saved. Persuaded by Porter, Banks agreed to the plan.For ten days, 10,000 troops worked feverishly on both banks of the River to build the dam. Finally, on May 10, 1864, the river rose, the dam was broken, and the fleet floated past. Porter's fleet and Banks' army were saved. The ruins of Bailey's Dam can be seen to this day in Alexandria. A grateful United States Congress voted <mask> the Thanks of Congress, making him only one of fifteen army officers to receive such an honor during the Civil War. Of those he was the

masks: Bailey Bailey Bailey Bailey Bailey


title: Joseph Bailey (general)

texts:
 only who did not command an army or corps at the time. The original Thanks of Congress signed by Abraham Lincoln can be seen on display at the Bank of Wisconsin Dells; other memorabilia and artifacts are displayed at the Dells Country Historical Museum at the Bowman House, and at Meadowbrook Resort in Wisconsin Dells.Promotion to general
In June 1864, <mask> became the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry's colonel. However, he was soon assigned to command the Engineer Brigade in the XIX Corps in the Department of the Gulf from June through August. He then commanded the District of West Florida from August until November, when he was sent back to Louisiana to take charge of the District of Baton Rouge and Port Hudson. He held other commands in the Western Theater, including command of a cavalry division and an engineer brigade in the Military Division of West Mississippi until the war's end. On November 10, 1864, President Abraham Lincoln appointed <mask> brigadier general of volunteers to rank from November 19, 1864 and submitted this nomination to the Senate on December 12, 1864 and again on March 7, 1865. The first nomination expired without U.S. Senate confirmation on March 4, 1865 and <mask> resigned from the service on July 7, 1865 before the Senate acted on the second nomination. After <mask> was out of the service, on January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated <mask> again for appointment to the grade of brigadier general to rank from November 10, 1864 and the U.S. Senate finally confirmed the appointment on February 23, 1866.On March 28, 1867, President Johnson nominated <mask> posthumously for the award of the  brevet

masks: Bailey Bailey Bailey Bailey Bailey Bailey


title: Joseph Bailey (general)

texts:
 grade of major general of volunteers to rank from March 13, 1865 and the U.S. Senate confirmed the award on March 30, 1867. Last years
<mask> survived the war by less than two years. In October 1865, he moved with his wife and children to Vernon County, Missouri, where he was elected sheriff. He was shot and killed on March 21, 1867 near Nevada, Missouri by two brothers he had arrested (but failed to disarm) for stealing a hog. Despite a $3,000 reward, the killers, former bushwhackers Lewis and Perry Pixley, were never brought to justice. A third suspect was lynched. Later William McWaters also fell under suspicion for <mask>'s murder, but managed to escape the posse sent to arrest him.General <mask> was buried with Masonic honors in the military cemetery at Fort Scott, Kansas. His remains were later moved to Evergreen Cemetery, where he rests next to his wife. A monument to his memory stands in Malta, Ohio, and he is the subject of a biography, Hero of the Red River - The Life and Times of <mask>. See also

List of American Civil War generals (Union)

Further reading

References

External links
<mask> web site
Bailey's Dam

<mask>, Col. <mask> (1826-1867) | Wisconsin Historical Society
<mask> at ODMP memorial

1825 births
1867 deaths
1867 murders in the United States
American police officers killed in the line of duty
Deaths by firearm in Missouri
Male murder victims
Missouri Democrats
Ohio Democrats
People from Morgan County, Ohio
People from Nevada, Missouri
People murdered in Missouri
People of Ohio in the American Civil War
People of Wisconsin in the American Civil War
Union Army generals
Grainger College of

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Joseph Bailey


title: Reimund Bieringer

texts:
<mask> (born 1957) is a German theologian, biblical scholar, Professor of New Testament Exegesis at the Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, KU Leuven, Belgium, and a Roman Catholic priest of the Diocese of Speyer in Germany. The main areas of his research include the Second Letter to the Corinthians (exegesis and theology), the Gospel of John (Anti-Judaism and the Gospel of John; Mary Magdalene and the Noli me tangere), and biblical hermeneutics (normativity of the future). Education and academic career
<mask> first studied theology at the Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology, and then continued his studies at the Faculty of Theology of the KU Leuven, Belgium, where he defended his doctorate in 1986. His doctoral dissertation presents an exegesis of 2 Corinthians 5:14-21 in its epistolary context and is partially published in Studies on 2 Corinthians. In 1988 he was ordained a priest in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer, and served in a parish in Rodalben as assistant priest until 1990, when he was appointed as a full-time staff member of the Faculty of Theology (now Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies) at KU Leuven. Between 2008 and 2012 he served as Vice-Dean for Research of that faculty. Since 2014 he has been the coordinator of the Biblical Studies Research Unit.He was also the co-founder and is currently the head of the Faculty's Centre for Women's Studies Theology. He also chairs the Research Group Exegesis, Hermeneutics and Theology of the Corpus Paulinum and Corpus Johanneum. Since 2011, he has been serving as the secretary of the Colloquium Biblicum Lovaniense. Between 2012 and 2015 Bieringer served as the President of the European Association of Biblical Studies and is currently the President of the Flemish Bible Society. He is also the secretary of Colloquium Oecumenicum

masks:
Reimund Bieringer
Bieringer


title: Reimund Bieringer

texts:
 Paulinum, and in 2010 served as its president. Contribution to Biblical Studies

Reconciliation and 2 Corinthians
The theology and the background of Paul's Second Letter to the Corinthians have belonged to Bieringer's main research interests since the beginning of his academic career. He is known to be one of the long-standing defenders of the letter's unity and integrity.In his doctoral work, supervised by Jan Lambrecht, and in subsequent publications, he has argued that the genesis of Paul's use of the concept of reconciliation in reference to the divine-human relationship in 2 Cor 5:14-21 is to be sought in Paul's theological reflection on his personal experience of an initial reconciliation with the Corinthians. <mask> has also suggested that, as opposed to the traditional understanding of καταλλάγητε (katallagēte) in 2 Cor 5:20d as passive, the verb has here a reflexive meaning and thus could be translated as "reconcile yourselves to God" rather than "be reconciled to God". In a paper presented at the 2008 Society of Biblical Literature Annual Meeting in Boston, Bieringer proposed the term "theology in the making" to refer to the process whereby Paul's everyday life experiences and the resources at his disposal led to the development of Paul's profound theological insights. This paper constituted also an introduction to the series of seminar sessions on Second Corinthians: Pauline Theology in the Making, to take place every year at the Society of Biblical Literature Annual Meetings, from 2008 to 2019. Some of Bieringer's insights on reconciliation in 2 Corinthians were taken over and developed in a doctoral dissertation by Ivar Vegge, published subsequently in the WUNT series. Normativity of the Future
In 1996 Bieringer began to develop an eschatological-oriented biblical hermeneutics, which came to be known


title: Reimund Bieringer

texts:
 as the normativity of the future approach. In dialogue with the theologian Mary Elsbernd (1946-2010) from Loyola University (Chicago) and their respective students, they elaborated this approach in the publication Normativity of the Future: Reading Biblical and Other Authoritative Texts in an Eschatological Perspective.The normativity of the future approach is rooted in a dialogical perspective on God's revelation, both through the Scriptures and the "signs of the times". Incorporating a variety of scholarly biblical methodologies, it focuses subsequently on the world behind, the world of, and especially the world in front of the text. The approach traces the explicit or implicit eschatological vision(s) in a given biblical passage (such as the kingdom of God, the new heaven and the new earth, etc.) and seeks out the moral qualities of the text: its inclusive and exclusive dimensions, its pneumatological clues, its traces of the virtue of hope and its ethical demands. The normativity of the future approach also incorporates the hermeneutical meta-questions regarding the interpreter, the interpretive process and results, and their impact on communities, especially those who are oppressed. To date, Bieringer continues to cultivate this approach, researching how Scriptures are used in various ways, such as in religious education in Australia and in interdisciplinary theologizing in a contextual manner. Anti-Judaism and the Fourth Gospel
In collaboration with Didier Pollefeyt, <mask> <mask> further developed the normativity of the future approach in the context of Jewish-Christian dialogue.Their joint project on the alleged anti-Jewish tendencies in the Fourth Gospel (esp. in John 8:31-59) resulted in the Leuven colloquium on Anti-Judaism and the Fourth Gospel in 2000 and has remained a research focus ever since. In

masks: Reimund Bieringer


title: Reimund Bieringer

texts:
 2016 their project in collaboration with Peter De Mey resulted in an expert seminar about The Spirit, Hermeneutics and Dialogues (Leuven, 25–27 May 2016). Mary Magdalene and Feminist Approaches to the Fourth Gospel
Bieringer's research in John's Gospel and his use of a feminist lens in biblical studies paved the way for an interdisciplinary research project on John 20:1-17 entitled "Mary Magdalene and the Touching of Jesus. An Intra- and Interdisciplinary Investigation of the Interpretation of John 20:17 in Exegesis, Iconography and Pastoral Care, Research Foundation Flanders, 2005-2008." The research results were distributed through several articles and an edited volume on the topic, as well as radio interviews, lectures, debates and an exhibition on the image of Mary Magdalene and the iconography of the Noli me tangere. Paul and Judaism
Bieringer's research also focuses on the question of continuity and discontinuity between Judaism and Christianity in Paul's time.The interdisciplinary project "New Perspectives on Paul and the Jews" investigated the role of Pauline theology in the process of Christian self-definition with respect to the Judaism of its time and dealt with the implications for present day Jewish-Christian dialogue. Prizes and awards

 Catholic Press Association Award Winner with the book Mary Elsbernd & <mask> <mask>, When Love Is Not Enough. A Theo-Ethic of Justice. Select Works

Books

as Editor

Articles and Chapters

  - A shorter online version

References

External links
<mask> <mask>'s biography on the Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, KU Leuven website
List of all the publications by <mask> <mask> on the Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, KU Leuven website
John and "the Jews" project

1957 births
Living people
New Testament scholars
KU Leuven faculty
German biblical

masks: Reimund Bieringer Reimund Bieringer Reimund Bieringer


title: Nigel Vinson, Baron Vinson

texts:
<mask>, <mask> LVO (born 27 January 1931), is a British entrepreneur, inventor, philanthropist and Conservative member of the House of Lords. Early life and business career
His father was <mask>, a farmer. <mask> was educated at Pangbourne College. After school he served in the Queen's Royal Regiment from 1948 to 1950, reaching the rank of Lieutenant. In 1952 <mask>, then aged 21, set up a small plastics company, later to be named Plastic Coatings, with two employees. The company, which operated from a Nissen hut in Guildford, was one of the first to find the technical means to apply a thin coat of plastic to metal and to recognise the huge number of applications that this would have. By 1969 when the company was floated on the London Stock Exchange, it employed over 1,000 employees in five different locations, winning the Queen's Award for Industry in 1971.At the time of the flotation, <mask> gave 10 percent of the shares to the company's employees before selling his own stake in  the firm to Imperial Tobacco, resigning as executive chairman a year later. <mask> was Deputy Chairman of Electra Investment Trust 1990 to 1998. Political career
<mask>'s decision to give up a full-time business career was the result of his determination to find a role for himself in reversing economic and political trends which he believed would have left Britain poorer and less free and to champion the concept of a social market economy. After a failed attempt to be selected as the Conservative parliamentary candidate for Aldershot in 1974, he sought instead to assist others directly engaged in seeking to challenge the prevailing economic orthodoxy. Introduced to Antony Fisher, the eccentric old Etonian founder of the Institute of Economic Affairs, Vinson gave money to the Institute at a time when its finances were precarious and its survival uncertain. <mask> became

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Nigel Vinson
Baron Vinson
Ronald Vinson
Nigel Vinson
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Vinson
Vinson
Vinson
Vinson


title: Nigel Vinson, Baron Vinson

texts: an IEA trustee, chairman of its trustees from 1989–95 and life IEA vice-president, becoming a close friend and  ally of Ralph Harris (later Lord Harris of High Cross), the Institute's General Director. Harris introduced <mask> to Sir Keith Joseph who had broken with his party's commitment to the neo-Keynesian middle way in favour of market-based policies.In 1974, <mask> joined Joseph and Margaret Thatcher as a co founder of the Centre for Policy Studies which, according to Thatcher, "was where our Conservative revolution began." <mask>, who found the Centre's first premises, underwrote the lease and employed its staff, served as honorary treasurer as well as contributing to the intellectual life of the think-tank. The role of the Centre was "to act as outsider, skirmisher, trail-blazer, to  moot new ideas and policies. Our task was to question the unquestioned, think the unthinkable, blaze new trails..." <mask> was the co-author of the Centre's first publication, Why Britain Needs a Social Market Economy (1974). According to <mask>'s biographer he may have been influential in persuading Joseph not to stand for the Tory party leadership because the latter was temperamentally unsuited to the role, thereby setting the stage for Thatcher to enter the leadership race in 1975. When he resigned as CPS treasurer in 1980, Thatcher acknowledged in a personal letter of thanks the part Vinson had played in changing the direction of British politics: "What has been achieved during the last six years by way of winning the intellectual argument in favour of free enterprise and against socialism and corporatism would never have been possible without your patient guidance and tireless ability to provide, and then maintain, the foundation stone on which we have built." According to a study of the part played by conservative and neo-liberal think tanks in reversing

masks: Vinson Vinson Vinson Vinson Vinson


title: Nigel Vinson, Baron Vinson

texts: political trends during the 1970s and 80s, among the most influential of the CPS policy groups was its Personal Capital Foundation Group chaired by <mask>.This produced three proposals that became Government policy: personal pensions, personal equity plans (now ISAs), and the Enterprise Allowance Scheme. Although he broadly championed the pro-market policies advanced by the IEA and CPS, <mask> repeatedly argued that the high interest rates imposed as the centrepiece of Thatcher's counter inflation policy were needlessly harsh, causing severe and unnecessary hardship. When an independent assessment of UK monetary policy confirmed that this was the case monetary policy was gradually relaxed. On 7 February 1985, he was created a life peer as Baron <mask>, of Roddam Dene in the County of Northumberland. He is a regular attender at House of Lords debates, and spoke in the 2007 and 2014 sessions in support of nuclear power, against what he sees as the folly of policies based on costly British renewable generation solutions, increasing, he argues, fuel poverty, whilst the growing world population issue remains unaddressed. On 4 August 2012, Lord <mask> threatened to defect to UKIP unless the Conservatives took a more Better Off Out approach to Europe. On 4 June 2013 he spoke and voted in the Lords against the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Bill.From 1980-90 <mask> served as the Chairman of the Rural Development Commission, during which time he initiated a series of reforms designed to remove restrictions and controls on rural enterprise. These included a change to planning laws that enabled redundant farm buildings to be turned into workshops leading to the creation of thousands of small rural firms. Vinson believed that the reforms slowed and ultimately reversed the drift of population from the countryside to towns and cities. <mask> was Deputy Chairman of

masks: Vinson Vinson Vinson Vinson Vinson Vinson


title: Nigel Vinson, Baron Vinson

texts:
 the Confederation of British Industry's Smaller Firms Council from 1979–84 and President of the Industrial Participation Association from 1979 to 1989. Since 2003, he has been a Trustee of the think tank Civitas. Philanthropy
The Nigel Vinson Charitable Trust, which Vinson set up in 1970 with an initial donation representing ten percent of current wealth, has since given more than £10 million to educational, humanitarian and environmental projects as well as to individual scholars and public policy foundations. Beneficiaries have included the University of Buckingham which unveiled the £8 million Vinson Building housing the Vinson Centre for Economics and Entrepreneurship in 2018.He was founder donor of the Martin Mere Wildfowl Reserve in 1972 and gave a village green to Holbourn, Northumberland, in 2006. He was a member of the Design Council from 1973 to 1980. From 1976 to 1978 he was an honorary director of the Queen's Silver Jubilee Appeal. He was a Member of the Northumbrian National Parks and Countryside Committee between 1977 and 1987, and a member of the Foundation for Science and Technology between 1991 and 1996. In 2019, in an article in Standpoint magazine, Vinson criticised a number of major UK charities for spending their donors' money for purposes other than those for which it was raised, for overpaying senior staff and for straying into political activism. Personal life

<mask> has been married to Yvonne Collin since 1972; they have three daughters and nine grandchildren. Vinson was invested as a Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order (LVO) in the 1979 New Year Honours.He was a council member of St George's House, Windsor Castle, from 1990 to 1996. Arms

Notes

References

External links

1931 births
Vinson
Lieutenants of the Royal Victorian Order
Living people
People educated at Pangbourne College
Members of the Freedom


title: Rachel Hurst

texts:
<mask> CBE is a British activist and former director of Disability Awareness in Action (DAA), an international network working on disability and human rights. Early training and employment
Born in 1939, <mask> trained as an actress, dancer and teacher at Rose Bruford College, using the qualification gained to work in an inner London primary school as a dance and drama teacher from 1970 to 1975. Disability activism

From the late sixties onwards, <mask> started exhibiting symptoms of a congenital condition. She became a wheelchair-user in 1976 and subsequently lost her teaching job. She decided that she needed to meet other disabled people, so she contacted what was then the Greenwich Association for Disabled People. <mask> quickly became a Trustee and, from 1983 to 1990 the Chair, and altered the organisation to become the Greenwich Association of Disabled People and Centre for Independent Living (GADCIL), run by and for disabled people. The organisation took over the running of the local Dial-a-Ride service and were the driving force behind Forum@Greenwich, a community initiative for full accessibility and equality of opportunity.GADCIL was a member organisation of the British Council of Disabled People (BCODP), and <mask> was an officer of BCODP between 1983 and 1998, and its Chair from 1985 to 1987. <mask> became a member of the Impact Foundation UK, an international initiative against avoidable disability. She, Sir John Wilson (the Chair of Impact),

masks:
Rachel Mary Rosalind Hurst
Hurst
Hurst
Hurst
Hurst
Hurst


title: Rachel Hurst

texts: and Henry Enns the Chair of Disabled Peoples’ International (DPI), created a charitable organisation to support the United Nations Decade of Disabled People, known as the Global Project in support of Disabled People, with <mask> as the Project Director, and the others on the board of Trustees, along with representatives from Inclusion International, the World Federation of the Deaf, the World Blind Union and others. In 1992 <mask> persuaded Nicholas Scott, then Minister for Disabled People, to support the organisation; it was thereafter renamed Disability Awareness in Action (DAA) and housed in various Government buildings. DAA was an international information network on disability and human rights, promoting, supporting and co-ordinating local action globally in support of the rights of disabled people. They did this by publishing, in three languages, large print and braille, monthly newsletters with stories and experiences from disabled individuals or their organisations all over the world, and also a series of Resource Kits, designed to help fledgling organisations get off the ground and give them the tools they needed to campaign and change the situation for disabled people in their locality. <mask> was the Director of DAA from its creation in 1992 until her retirement in 2011.She was also actively involved in DPI, being on the World Council between 1987 and 2003. She also served as the Chair of the DPI European Union Committee (1992–1995) and of the

masks: Hurst Hurst Hurst


title: Rachel Hurst

texts:
 DPI European Region (1995–1999). <mask> has been awarded two honorary Doctorates, in Social Science from the University of Greenwich and in Law from Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen. <mask> was granted the Freedom of the London Borough of Greenwich in 1990, and in 2003 won RADAR's Person of the Year Award, for the furtherance of Human Rights internationally. In the 1995 New Year Honours she was awarded an OBE, followed in 2008 by a CBE. <mask> has spoken at international, national and local conferences and seminars on the Disability Movement and equalisation of opportunities, Human Rights, Policy and Social Development, Bioethics and Disability, Independent Living, legislation, especially anti-discrimination, media images of disability, housing, access and transportation. She has been interviewed on local and national media and written articles in mainstream and disability press on disability rights issues.In the last few years her concentration has been on disablism, including bio-ethical concerns, such as genetics, genetic screening and the right to life. Publications
With Tomson Dube, Richard Light and Joshua Malinga, "Promoting Inclusion? Disabled people, legislation and public policy",ch.8 pp 104-118, IN OR OUT OF THE MAINSTREAM, (Disability Press, Leeds) 2006. ‘Disability, Development and the Biotechnologies’, 49(4) pp 101-106, DEVELOPMENT (Palgrave) 2006
‘Disabled People’ Chap C2 in AN ALTERNATIVE WORLD HEALTH REPORT, (Global Health Watch) 2006.


title: Rachel Hurst

texts:
 SERVICES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC DISORDERS, (Royal College of Physicians), London, 1996. 'Choice and Empowerment - Lessons from Europe', DISABILITY & SOCIETY, (Carfax), 1995. OVERCOMING OBSTACLES TO THE INTEGRATION OF DISABLED PEOPLE, UNESCO, sponsored report as a contribution to the World Summit on Social Development, (DAA), 1995. "Self-Help for Disabled People", YEARBOOK OF CO-OPERATIVE ENTERPRISE, 1992. (Plunkett Foundation) January, 1992."Independent Living, Civil Rights and Housing", BUILDING OUR LIVES, ed. Linda Laurie (Shelter), 1991. 'Disabled People Should Influence Their Own Future', Social Work Today, (British Association of Social Workers), January 26, 1987. In and Out of Employment for Disabled People, Open University (UK), 1986. Booklet of 20pp. "Centre For Independent Living", BULLETIN, (London GLC), 1985. "A Voice To Be Reckoned With", DISABILITY NOW, (Spastics Society), February 1987."Een Stem Waar Rekening mee Gehonden Moet Worden", VRINDENKRING, (Joanna Stichting, Arnhem), July 1987. Dutch translation. GETTING IN ON THE ACT, (Thames TV, London), co-author: W. Bingley, 1987. 24pp. "Access In Japan", ACCESS ACTION, (Access Committee for England), 1988. References

External links
 DAA website
 <mask>'s speech at the James Martin Institute, University of Oxford
 BBC report on DAA

British human rights activists
Women human rights activists
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Living people
Year of birth missing (living


title: Richard Zimler

texts:
<mask> (born 1 January 1956 in Roslyn Heights, New York) is a best-selling author. His books, which have earned him a 1994 National Endowment of the Arts Fellowship in Fiction and the 1998 Herodotus Award, have been published in many countries and translated into more than 20 languages. Early life
<mask> graduated from Herricks High School in suburban New York in 1973. In 1977, he earned a bachelor's degree in Comparative Religion from Duke University and five years later obtained a master's degree in Journalism from Stanford University. Academic career
He was a  Professor of Journalism at the University of Porto and College of Journalism for 16 years. Awards
<mask> received the 2009 Alberto Benveniste literary prize in France for his novel Guardian of the Dawn. The prize is given to novels that have to do with Sephardic Jewish culture or history.It was awarded to him at a ceremony at the Sorbonne in January 2009. Five of <mask>'s novels - Hunting Midnight (2005), The Search for Sana (2007), The Seventh Gate (2009), The Warsaw Anagrams (2013) and The Night Watchman (2016) - have been nominated for the International Dublin Literary Award, the highest value literary prize in the English-speaking world. His novel The Warsaw Anagrams was chosen as 2009 Book of the Year by the main Portuguese book magazine Ler and by the country's high school teachers and students (the 2010 Mariquis de Ouro prize). It was also chosen as one of the 20 Best Books of the Decade 2000-2009 by the country's foremost daily newspaper, Público. In August 2011, the San Francisco Chronicle described the book as follows: "Equal parts riveting, heartbreaking, inspiring and

masks:
Richard Zimler
Zimler
Richard Zimler
Zimler


title: Richard Zimler

texts:
 Century Portugal; Hunting Midnight, which takes place in Porto, London, New York and South Carolina in the early Nineteenth Century; Guardian of the Dawn, in which the main action takes place in Goa in the Seventeenth Century; The Seventh Gate, set in Nazi-controlled Berlin in the 1930s; and The Incandescent Threads, set mainly in New York and Montreal from 1970 to the present time but also with two long chapters that take place in Poland during and right after the Second World War. The Incandescent Threads has yet to be published in English, though the Portuguese edition was published in 2018. Two of the novels in the Sephardic Cycle have been nominated for the International Dublin Literary Award: Hunting Midnight and The Seventh Gate. All five books were Number 1 bestsellers in Portugal. Other works
Zimler has also edited an anthology of short stories for which all the author's royalties go to Save the Children, the largest children's rights organization in the world. The anthology is entitled The Children's Hours. Participating authors include
Margaret Atwood, Nadine Gordimer, André Brink, Markus Zusak, David Almond, Katherine Vaz, Alberto Manguel, Eva Hoffman, Junot Díaz, Uri Orlev and Ali Smith.In August 2011, <mask> published his first book of poetry: Love's Voice: 72 Kabbalistic Haiku. The verses in the book express Jewish mystical ideas and imagery in the form of haiku. <mask> has written five children's books that have been published in Portuguese: Maria e Danilo e o Mágico Perdido, Dança Quando Chegares ao Fim, Hugo e Eu e as Mangas de Marte, Se Eu Fosse and O Cão que Comia a Chuva. In December 2018, Portuguese

masks: Zimler Zimler


title: Katherine MacLean

texts:
<mask> (January 22, 1925 – September 1, 2019) was an American science fiction author best known for her short fiction of the 1950s which examined the impact of technological advances on individuals and society. Profile
Damon Knight wrote, "As a science fiction writer she has few peers; her work is not only technically brilliant but has a rare human warmth and richness." Brian Aldiss noted  that she could "do the hard stuff magnificently," while Theodore Sturgeon observed  that she "generally starts from a base of hard science, or rationalizes psi phenomena with beautifully finished logic." According to The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, she "was in the vanguard of those sf writers trying to apply to the soft sciences the machinery of the hard sciences". Her stories have been included in anthologies and a few have had radio and television adaptations. Three collections of her stories have been published. It was while she worked as a laboratory technician in 1947 that she began writing science fiction.Strongly influenced by Ludwig von Bertalanffy's General Systems Theory, her fiction has often demonstrated foresight about scientific advances. She died on September 1, 2019 at the age of 94. Awards
<mask> received a Nebula Award in 1971 for her novella "The Missing Man" (Analog, March, 1971) and she was a Professional Guest of Honor at the first WisCon in 1977. She was honored in 2003 by the Science Fiction Writers of America as an SFWA Author Emeritus. In 2011, she received the Cordwainer Smith Rediscovery Award. Collections
The Diploids and Other Flights of Fancy (Avon, 1962), her first short story collection, includes "The Diploids" (a.k.a. "Six Fingers"), "Feedback", "Pictures Don't Lie", "Incommunicado", "The Snow Ball Effect", "Defense Mechanism" and  "And Be Merry" (a.k.a."The Pyramid in the Desert"). Her second collection, The Trouble with You

masks:
Katherine Anne MacLean
MacLean


title: Katherine MacLean

texts:
 Earth People (Donning/Starblaze, 1980) contains "The Trouble with You Earth People", "The Gambling Hell and the Sinful Girl", "Syndrome Johnny", "Trouble with Treaties" (with Tom Condit), "The Origin of the Species", "Collision Orbit", "The Fittest", "These Truths", "Contagion", "Brain Wipe" and her Nebula Award-winning "The Missing Man". Short stories and novelettes
 "Defense Mechanism" (1949). This tale of hidden telepathic abilities was <mask>'s first story to see print when it was published in Astounding Science Fiction (October, 1949). "And Be Merry" (1950). Originally in Astounding Science Fiction (February, 1950), this story was first anthologized in Groff Conklin's Omnibus of Science Fiction (Crown, 1952) and has also been published under the title "The Pyramid in the Desert." In January 2006, <mask> reflected on the science behind the story:
"And Be Merry" (Eat Drink and Be Merry for Tomorrow We Die) A lab biologist, female, takes advantage of her husband going off on an archeology trip, to use the privacy to experiment on herself for rejuvenation by a severe and dangerous method.Succeeding, she contemplates immortality, finding that safety from accidental death has become so valuable to her that she becomes a coward, cowering from all possible risk, seeing shelter in a hospital, and is only rescued from mindless panic by her husband finding her, realizing the source of her terror and rescuing her from immortality by claiming she has a slow growing tumor in an unreachable part of the body. Finding she has no chance of evading eventual death, she immediately loses her obsession with safety, becomes interested in biochemistry again, and invents a new theory. (New at the time.) Mutation from background radiation does not just strike the sperm and egg making chromosome changes in the embryo and mutated progeny, it also strikes the chromosomes in

masks:
Katherine MacLean
MacLean


title: Katherine MacLean

texts: each cell of any living creature, damages and mutates them also, and produces cancer. This cannot be prevented. She called it "somatic mutation" and used the new concept of body deterioration by slow radiation damage (age) to underpin her rediscovered recklessness, and be happy. Even now most biotechs have not fully accepted the implication that every cell in the body can generate an entire copy of the person.But perhaps a copy will be changed and mutated for the worse by exposure to ambient radiation and other mutagens. Perhaps a cell needs to generate a placenta around it to develop into an entire body. Something like that is holding up the biochemists from successfully making copies of individuals from body or blood cells. Not for long! I wrote three more stories with novel genetic ideas before 1953. Some have not been followed up by scientists yet. "Incommunicado" (1950).In this novelette about communication and computers, written by <mask> in 1947, she demonstrated an ability to foresee the future evolution of personal computers. Passages in this story anticipate such latter-day digital configurations as Google Book Search, Google Video Search, PDA devices, podcasting and portable music players. At a space station operated by a computer, the station's workers begin to unconsciously develop a musical rapport with their computer in a feedback loop. When published in the June 1950 issue of Astounding Science Fiction, cover artist Miller contributed one of the more striking Astounding covers of the 1950s, blending an emotional musical performance with cyber technology. The story was reprinted a decade later in Groff Conklin's anthology, Six Great Short Science Fiction Novels (Dell, 1960), followed by <mask>'s collection, The Diploids (Avon, 1962). In January, 2006, <mask> recalled this incident, trying to gate-crash a convention of electronic

masks: MacLean MacLean MacLean


title: Katherine MacLean

texts:
 engineers a few years after Incommunicado was published in 1950:
In the 1930s and 1940s, scientists and boys planning to be scientists read Astounding (Analog) with close attention to the hottest most promising ideas and took them up as soon as they could get funded lab space. They did not openly express their gratitude to science fiction, because the funding depended on keeping claim to have originated the ideas they had put so much work into testing and verifying....

"I hastily looked around for a door to a lecture hall where I could sneak some listening time and get a line on current research, and be out of sight before the desk was reoccupied by the guardian of the gate....

Too late, a man built like a fullback in a business suit was bearing down on me."I see you don't have your badge. May I have your name? I'll look it up in the registry...."

"<mask>, I came in because I am interested in--"

He interrupted. "<mask>! Are you that <mask>?" He gripped my hand and hung on. Who was that <mask>?Was I being mistaken for someone else? "Are you the <mask> who wrote 'Incommunicado'?" Speechless with relief, I nodded. I would not be arrested or thrown out if they would accept me as a science fiction writer. He kept his grip on my hand and turned around and bellowed to his group of chatting friends, "Guess who I've got here. The little woman who wrote 'Incommunicado'!" ...I had not been aware that my playing with communication ideas would attract the attention of prestigious Bell Telephone researchers.I had left radio and wavelength theory to my Dad as one of his hobbies and learned early that I could get a nasty shock from playing with his wiring. I could not account for their enthusiasm. I went back to the typewriter and lost myself in the story again. The point is, that scientists not only read Astounding-Analog, they were fans of the writers and

masks:
Katherine MacLean
Katherine MacLean
Katherine MacLean
Katherine Maclean
Katherine MacLean


title: Katherine MacLean

texts: understood all the Ideas, even the obscure Ideas that were merely hinted at. "Feedback" (1951). A sociological setback occurs when conformity becomes a closed circle, prompting even more conformity; a teacher who speaks in favor of individuality is regarded as subversive. Originally in Astounding Science Fiction (July, 1951)."Syndrome Johnny" (1951). Published before it was even certain that DNA carried genetic information, this story is about a series of engineered retroviral plagues, initially propagated by blood transfusion, that are genetically re-engineering the human race. First published in Galaxy Science Fiction (July, 1951). "Pictures Don't Lie'" (1951). Radio contact with extraterrestrial ship arriving on Earth. Originally in Galaxy Science Fiction (August, 1951), it was adapted to radio, television and comic books. The adaptation on the UK series Out of This World was telecast August 11, 1962.The EC Comics version of this story was "Chewed Out! ", illustrated by Joe Orlando for Weird Science 12 (March–April 1952). In expanding the basic premise and adding comedic elements, scripter Al Feldstein established the setting as Blytheville, Arkansas. On several occasions <mask> noted that she ranked EC's interpretation as superior to her own story. "The Man Who Staked the Stars" (1952, as Charles Dye). A business mobster under investigation is slowly turned against himself by an internal doppelgänger. Originally in Planet Stories (July, 1952).This story is available online free in Project Gutenberg. "The Snowball Effect" (1952). A sociology professor, challenged to prove his theories of the dynamic growth of organizations, rewrites the rules of a smalltown sewing circle to have "more growth drive than the Roman Empire." He is far more successful than he ever anticipated. Originally in Galaxy Science Fiction (September, 1952), and adapted for the


title: Katherine MacLean

texts:
 X Minus One radio series in 1956. "Games" (1953). A boy becomes the characters in his make-believe games.Originally in Galaxy Science Fiction (March, 1953). Available online
 "The Diploids" (1953). In this novella, a young lawyer suspects he may be an alien because of certain physical and biochemical abnormalities but discovers that he is a commercial human embryonic cell line, sold for research and illegally grown to maturity. Originally in Thrilling Wonder Stories (April, 1953). Also titled "Six Fingers." "Cosmic Checkmate" (1958). This collaboration by <mask> and Charles V. De Vet, published in Astounding Science Fiction (March, 1958), was nominated for a 1959 Hugo.It was expanded as Second Game in 1962 and again in 1981. Two gamers play a multi-level game to determine whether Earth's civilization wins. "Unhuman Sacrifice" (1958). Published in Astounding Science Fiction (March, 1958), reprinted in Damon Knight's anthology A Century of Science Fiction (1962). The attempts of a missionary to spread the word on an alien planet are frustrated by the aliens' life cycle. "The Kidnapping of Baroness 5" (1995) Originally published in Analog; republished in the anthologies Women of Other Worlds (edited by Helen Merrick & Tess Williams) and A Woman's Liberation (edited by Connie Willis and Sheila Williams). In a post-apocalyptic world, a geneticist struggles to help preserve and lengthen the lives of the genetically damaged descendants of the survivors of a genetic experiment to extend the human lifespan  that went horribly wrong.Instead, with each generation, lifespan gets shorter, and as less and less knowledge is passed down to each succeeding generation, society has regressed to a feudal state. She fits into society by casting herself as a sort of "good witch" cum healer, passing off her medical expertise and her efforts to correct the damage to the


title: Katherine MacLean

texts:
 human aging process as magic. "Contagion" (1950). Originally published in Galaxy Science Fiction (October 1950), reprinted in Women of Wonder (1975). Novels
 The Man in the Bird Cage (1971)
 Missing Man (1975). In a balkanized New York City, an engineer working for the city's disaster planning section has his inside knowledge exploited to cause disasters. The novel is a fix-up of <mask>'s three Rescue Squad stories, including the 1971 Nebula Award-winning novella of the same name.Dark Wing (1979) with husband Carl West. In a world where medical knowledge has been outlawed, a young man discovers a medical kit, remnant of times past, which he uses to help those around him and to fight his way towards a better understanding of science and medicine. Memoir
 For Martin Greenberg's Fantastic Lives: Autobiographical Essays by Notable Science Fiction Writers (Southern Illinois University Press, 1981) she wrote "The Expanding Mind," a memoir of her youth and the impact of science fiction on the mind of a young girl. For Eric Leif Davin's Partners in Wonder: Women and the Birth of Science Fiction, 1926-1965, <mask> supplied a detailed description of her negotiations with John W. Campbell in regard to the publication of her earliest stories. References

Listen to
X Minus One: "The Snowball Effect" (August 14, 1956)
X Minus One: "Pictures Don't Lie" (October 24, 1956)
Episode 4 of the podcast Buxom Blondes with Ray Guns (Hannah Wolfe, February 17, 2018) features two 1954 stories by <mask>. External links

1925 births
2019 deaths
People from Glen Ridge, New Jersey
Writers from New Jersey
20th-century American novelists
American science fiction writers
American women short story writers
American women novelists
Nebula Award winners
Women science fiction and fantasy writers
20th-century American women writers
20th-century American short story

masks:
MacLean
MacLean
Katherine MacLean


title: Barthélemy d'Eyck

texts:
<mask>'Eyck, van Eyck or d' Eyck ( 1420 – after 1470), was an Early Netherlandish artist who worked in France and probably in Burgundy as a painter and manuscript illuminator. He was active between about 1440 to about 1469. Although no surviving works can be certainly documented as his, he was praised by contemporary authors as a leading artist of the day, and a number of important works are generally accepted as his. In particular, Barthélemy has been accepted by most experts as the artists formerly known as the Master of the Aix Annunciation for paintings, and the Master of René of Anjou for illuminated manuscripts. He is thought by many to be the Master of the Shadows responsible for parts of the calendar of the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. Biography
It is likely that he was related to Jan van Eyck but this cannot be documented. His stepfather was a cloth-merchant who followed René of Anjou to Naples and the South of France.His mother died in 1460, and was described as "Ydria Exters d'Allemagne" – that is "of Germany", which might well have included all the Netherlands as far as the Provençals were concerned. Jan van Eyck's brother, Lambert, seems also to have worked in Provence after Jan's death. Some authorities have proposed, on stylistic grounds as well as the likely family relationship, that Barthélemy trained in the workshop of Jan van Eyck, and worked in the 1430s on the Milan-Turin Hours, a famous and important illuminated manuscript, where a number of different painting "hands" have been identified. Much of this only survives in black-and-white photographs after the  destruction of its Turin portion in a fire in 1904. A painter called only "<mask>" is documented as working in Dijon for Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy in 1440; this may well be him. René of Anjou, who was to become Barthélemy's major patron, had been held prisoner there by Philip. By 1444 <mask> d'Eyck was in Aix-en-Provence in

masks:
Barthélemy d
Barthélemy
Barthélemy


title: Peter Rosegger

texts:
<mask> (original Roßegger) (31 July 1843 – 26 June 1918) was an Austrian writer and poet from Krieglach in the province of Styria. He was a son of a mountain farmer and grew up in the woodlands and mountains of Alpl. Rosegger (or Rossegger) went on to become a most prolific poet and author as well as an insightful teacher and visionary. In his later years, he was honoured by officials from various Austrian universities and the city of Graz (the capital of Styria). He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature three times. He was nearly awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913 and is (at least among the people of Styria) something like a national treasure to this day. Early life

<mask> was born as the first of seven children of a peasant couple in the village of Alpl, in the mountains above Krieglach, Styria.The family lived in a simple 18th-century Alpine farmhouse, called Kluppeneggerhof. Living conditions were modest, the central room was used for eating, sleeping and working. Food was prepared over a hearth in the scullery. The farmhouse is now part of the Universalmuseum Joanneum, but even today the building ensemble can only be reached by foot. Since this little village, consisting only of a handful of farms, had neither a church nor a school, <mask> and the other children would have had to walk down the mountain to the larger village, St. Kathrein, in order to attend either. The way there takes two hours and as a result, <mask> had very limited education, largely provided by a wandering teacher who taught him and other children from the region for a year and a half. His

masks:
Peter Rosegger
Rosegger
Rosegger
Peter


title: Peter Rosegger

texts:
 physical constitution was not sufficient for him to become a farmer like his father, as he was often sick and rather frail in general.So, he became understudy of a traveling tailor at the age of seventeen. Success as a writer
His interest in literature prevailed, although he earned little money. He spent what he could afford on books and soon began to write himself. Eventually, he was discovered by the publisher of the Graz-based newspaper, Tagespost, published by Dr. Svoboda. He realized <mask>'s talent as an author and enabled him to attend the Akademie für Handel und Industrie (Academy for Trade and Industries) in Graz. There, <mask> Reininghaus became his mentor. Von Reininghaus was a wealthy and influential industrialist, and <mask> had a personal friendship with him for the rest of his life.However, he had a hard time studying, as he was not used to attending school regularly, and had little, and fragmentary, knowledge in many disciplines. He left the academy in 1869 at the age of twenty-six. Soon after that, he was offered a chance to publish his literary works, namely by Gustav Heckenast, who had worked with Adalbert Stifter before. <mask> accepted, and his first book, Geschichten aus der Steiermark ("Tales from Styria"), was released in 1871. From then on, all of his works were published by Heckenast. [Presumably only until Heckenast's death: see next sentence?] <mask> changed to a new publisher twice after Heckenast's death, eventually ending up with Ludwig Staackmann, who made him a most generous offer.He had always been very faithful towards his publishers, and

masks:
Rosegger
Peter von
Rosegger
Peter Rosegger
Rosegger


title: Peter Rosegger

texts:
 the relationship between them was one of friendship and familiarity. <mask> started to publish Heimgarten in 1876, a monthly journal with articles and stories for the people of the country, whose main representative and interpreter he was. Character and private life
In 1873, <mask> married Anna Pichler. They had two children, but the marriage was short - Anna died giving birth in 1875. This affected <mask> to a great degree, as is obvious from various letters he wrote to friends in that time. In 1879, <mask> married again: Anna Knaur, with whom he had three more children and a very harmonious house life. She also cared for him during his many times of sickness.He developed many brilliant and extraordinary ideas from the context of his time, and kept contact with unconventional personalities. Rudolf Falb, the creator of the popular "lunisolar flood theory," was not only his school teacher but remained a lifelong friend. Although feeling strongly connected to his rural homelands, he was a liberal thinker with conservative roots. Fascinated by machines and technology, and being a faithful Christian, he showed a sharp eye for the potentials and advantages, as well as for the dangers and downsides of both the church and the economic development of the late 19th century. As an author he aimed to entertain, to teach and also to help. He called for donations publicly at various occasions or used his influence in academic circles, thus contributing to the founding of one school (in Alpl, his home village), the building of two churches (one in Mürzzuschlag and one in St. Kathrein,

masks: Rosegger Rosegger Peter Rosegger


title: Peter Rosegger

texts:
 rebuilt after it burned down) and other benevolent actions. Honors

In 1903, at his 60th birthday, he was honoured by receiving the "Ehrendoktorwürde" (Doctor honoris causa) of the University of Heidelberg.The University of Vienna and the University of Graz also awarded him with similar decorations, and the German emperor Wilhelm II, as well as the Austrian emperor Franz Josef I of Austria gave <mask> medals of honour (namely, the "Kronenorden 2. Klasse" and the "Ehrenabzeichen für Kunst und Wissenschaft"). He became citizen of honour in Graz and Vienna, and Franz Josef's successor Karl presented the ex-farmer-boy-now-national-poet with the Franz-Joseph-medal, a high-ranking accolade for an author. Late life and death
<mask>, who had been ill frequently and seriously, travelled back to his home in Krieglach in May 1918 in order to die where "the beautiful legend of the forest-farmer boy" had once begun, in the woodlands of the Styrian Alps. His birth house, the former "Forest School" (Waldschule) he helped to found in Alpl in 1902 and his house in Krieglach, where he lived until his death in 1918, are museums today. The region where he came from (the mountains of the Fischbacher Alps south of Krieglach and Mürzzuschlag) are now unofficially named "Waldheimat" ("Home in the Forest") after the name he gave it himself. The tourism industry in the region still profits from <mask>'s enduring popularity among readers.Selected works
 Zither und Hackbrett (poems in Styrian dialect, 1870)
 Volksleben in Steiermark ("People's Life in Styria"), 1875
 Die Schriften des

masks: Rosegger Rosegger Rosegger


title: Peter Rosegger

texts:
 Waldschulmeisters ("Manuscripts of a Forest-school Master"), 1875
 Waldheimat ("Home in the Forest"), 1877
 Der Gottsucher ("the God-seeker"), 1883
 Heidepeters Gabriel, 1886
 Jakob der Letzte ("Jakob the Last One"), 1888
 Als ich noch jung war ("When I Was Young"), 1895
 Das ewige Licht ("the Eternal Light"), 1896
 Erdsegen ("Earth's Blessing"), 1900
 Als ich noch der Waldbauernbub war ("When I Was a Forest-farmer Boy"), 1902

Further reading
 Eindringen des Kapitalismus in ein Bauerndorf, Martin der Mann, 1889 ("Introduction of Capitalism into a Village of Farmers", "Martin the Man")
 Hoch vom Dachstein, 1891
 Weltgift, 1903
 INRI (Christ book), 1905
 Collected Works, 1913–16
 Letters to F. v. Hausegger, 1924
 Letters to A. Silberstein, 1929

Film and television adaptations
 I.N.R.I. (dir. Robert Wiene, 1923)
  (dir. Alfred Stöger, 1949)
  (dir. Robert A. Stemmle, 1955)
  (dir. Ferdinand Dörfler, 1956)
 Als ich noch der Waldbauernbub war... (1963, TV film)
 Aus meiner Waldheimat (1963, TV film)
 Als ich beim Käthele im Wald war (1963, TV film)
 Am Tage des Gerichts (1965, TV film)
  (dir. Axel Corti, 1976, TV film)
 Waldheimat (1983–1984, TV series, 26 episodes)
 Die Försterbuben (dir.<mask>, 1984, TV film)
 Erdsegen (dir. Karin Brandauer, 1986, TV film)

References

External links
 <mask> Rosegger site
 Peter Rosegger Museum & Birthplace

1843 births
1918 deaths
20th-century Austrian people
19th-century Austrian poets
20th-century Austrian poets
Austrian male poets
Austrian Roman Catholics
People from Mürzzuschlag District
19th-century male

masks:
Peter Patzak
Peter


title: Sergey Kavtaradze

texts:
<mask> or <mask> (Georgian: სერგო ქავთარაძე, Sergo Kavtaradze; Russian: Сергей Иванович Кавтарадзе, <mask>; 15 August 1885 – 17 October 1971) was a Soviet politician and diplomat who briefly served as head of government in the Georgian SSR and as Deputy Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union. A Georgian Bolshevik activist, he was persecuted for his Trotskyist activities, but was pardoned and reinstated by his personal friend Joseph Stalin. Arrested during the Great Purge, <mask> became famous for being among the few victims to be brought out of jail and readmitted in the Soviet Communist Party hierarchy. He was Deputy to the Foreign Commissar Vyacheslav Molotov for the greater part of World War II, and, in 1944, was sent to Iran, where his controversial stance helped topple the Mohammad Sa'ed cabinet. <mask> was also involved in provoking rebellion in the Iranian Azerbaijan and other Iranian-ruled areas. His last major office was that of Ambassador to Romania, where he maintained close contacts with the Romanian Communist Party faction formed around Ana Pauker and played a part in facilitating electoral fraud during the general election of 1946. Biography

Early activities
<mask> was born into a noble family in Zovreti, in the Georgian area of Imereti, at the time part of the Russian Empire.He joined the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' Party in 1903 and engaged in agitation during the period leading up to the October Revolution. Active throughout the Caucasus and in Saint Petersburg, he was a member of the Social Democratic Committee for Imereti and Mingrelia (1904–1906). <mask> first met his fellow Georgian Joseph Stalin early in his youth, and became his collaborator. During this time, he reputedly helped the young Stalin hide from detectives. Kavtaradze's political activities contrasted with his romantic life: he eventually married Sofia Vachnadze, a Georgian princess whose godmother was Empress Consort

masks:
Sergey
Sergo Kavtaradze
Sergey Ivanovich Kataradze
Kavtaradze
Kavtaradze
Kavtaradze
Kavtaradze


title: Sergey Kavtaradze

texts:
 Maria Feodorovna (mother of Emperor Nicolas II). In 1912, he split with the mainstream Social Democrats as one of the Old Bolsheviks, and subsequently stood on the group's far left. He then worked for the Bolshevik paper Pravda (1912–1914), and, in 1915, graduated from the Saint Petersburg University Faculty of Law.After the February Revolution of 1917, he was present on the Social Democratic (Bolshevik) Regional Committee in the Caucasus, while editing the group's local journal, Kavkazsky Rabochy. Later in the year, he was a delegate to the 6th Party Congress, and, in 1918, was Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Soviet in Vladikavkaz. As the Civil War took hold of the Caucasus, <mask> remained a representative of the Bolsheviks, active against the Menshevik government in the Democratic Republic of Georgia, and was arrested several times. Although he frequently disagreed with Stalin, the two remained close. Following the Red Army invasion of Georgia, <mask> was head of the revolutionary committees in Batumi and Adjaria (March–September and July–September 1921, or up until May 1921). He later filled the same post in the Georgian SSR (at the time part of the Transcaucasian SFSR), where he was also People's Commissar for Justice. Between February 1922 and 1923, he was head of government (Chairman of the Sovnarkom) of the Georgian SSR.He was counselor of the Soviet Embassy in Turkey (1923–1924), and later served as Deputy Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union (1924–1928). Left Opposition and first arrest
Around that time, <mask> joined Leon Trotsky and the Left Opposition in their conflict with Stalin and other Party leaders, and ceased his involvement with the group only as it collapsed. This caused him to be expelled from the Party as early as 1927. Eventually, in late 1927, he was sent on internal exile to Orenburg Oblast (or, according to others, to Kazan). He attempted to visit Moscow on vacation in

masks: Kavtaradze Kavtaradze Kavtaradze