title: Brad Bird

texts: century prior. Due to the size and scale of such a project, three studios were to finance its making—Pixar, Disney, and Warner Bros.—but the project stalled. He paused when Pixar management asked he take over Ratatouille, and returned afterward.He attempted to re-write 1906 to work within the confines of a feature's length, but struggled. Instead, <mask> helmed the next installment of the action spy series Mission Impossible, starring Tom Cruise. <mask>'s foray into live-action filmmaking after a major career in animation had little precedent, according to critics. Cruise had been impressed by the style and storytelling of Incredibles, and urged <mask> to contact him should he venture into the live-action sphere. The idea of combining the commercial aspects of a franchise—this was the third Mission sequel—and more artistic tones challenged <mask>, who signed on to direct in May 2010. In the picture, Cruise reprises his role of Impossible Missions Force agent Ethan Hunt, who with his team race against time to find a nuclear extremist who gains access to Russian nuclear launch codes. Ghost Protocol was shot on location partially in Dubai, and includes a memorable scene when Cruise scales the newly-erected Burj Khalifa.Upon release in December 2011, it became the highest-grossing film in the series up to that point, with $694 million worldwide. It was the fifth-highest-grossing film of 2011 as well as the second-highest-grossing film starring Cruise. Though he was asked to direct Star Wars: The Force Awakens, <mask> turned down the opportunity to focus on his new project: the sci-fi film Tomorrowland, named for the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks. <mask> co-wrote the

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title: Brad Bird

type: original

texts:
 screenplay with Damon Lindelof. In the film, a disillusioned genius inventor (George Clooney) and a teenage science enthusiast (Britt Robertson) embark to an intriguing alternate dimension known as "Tomorrowland," where their actions directly affect their own world. The film ended up being a box-office bomb, losing Disney $120–150 million, and attracting a mixed critical response. Latest work

Incredibles 2 (2016–2018)
<mask> was long open to the idea of Incredibles sequel, should the story suffice.Over the years, he mentioned its possibility in interviews, and these suspicions were confirmed when an official sequel was announced in 2014. <mask> began writing its screenplay in earnest the next year; he attempted to distinguish the script from the breadth of superhero-related content released since the first film, focusing on the family dynamic rather than the superhero genre. The story follows the Incredibles as they try to restore the public's trust in superheroes while balancing their family life, only to combat a new foe who seeks to turn the populace against all superheroes. Though scheduled for release in 2019, the film was completed on an accelerated production schedule, as it was farther ahead in production than Toy Story 4, which required more development; the two simply swapped years, with Incredibles 2 debuting in theaters in June 2018. Giacchano returned to compose the score. Incredibles 2 was a huge smash hit for Disney/Pixar: it made $182.7 million in its opening weekend, setting the record for best debut for an animated film, and grossed over $1.2 billion worldwide, making it the second-highest-grossing animated film in general, the highest-grossing Pixar film, and the

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 fourth-highest-grossing film of the year. Incredibles 2 was named by the National Board of Review as the Best Animated Film of 2018.The film was nominated for Best Animated Feature at the 76th Golden Globe Awards and 91st Academy Awards, but lost both awards to Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse. Recent events (2019–present)
<mask> has expressed interest in developing an animated Western or horror film. In 2019, <mask> announced he was working with frequent collaborator Michael Giacchino on an original musical film that will contain about 20 minutes of animation in it. In 2022, it was announced that <mask> will revive his long-dormant project Ray Gunn for Skydance Animation. Style and themes

<mask> says he was influenced by dozens of filmmakers, singling out early moviemakers Buster Keaton, Charlie Chaplin, and Harold Lloyd, to mid-twentieth century auteurs like David Lean, Alfred Hitchcock, Walt Disney, and Akira Kurosawa. More contemporary directors like Steven Spielberg, Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas, Hayao Miyazaki, and the Coen brothers have inspired <mask> as well. His passion for the medium was evident even in his college years; friend John Lasseter remembered, "<mask> would hang out all night talking about Scorsese and Coppola and how he could do what they did in animation."<mask>'s career trajectory has been considered somewhat unusual: he did not direct his first film until he was in his forties. <mask> himself has observed that his career was "very long, very delayed and full of disappointment," mainly because he aspired to "lofty" self-set expectations. He has been characterized as controlling with an exquisite attention to detail. His "demanding, often punishing"

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texts: direction which has prompted some to consider him difficult to work with. <mask> is outspoken about the potential of the art of animation, and has asked the public not refer to his films as cartoons. In the audio commentary for the home release of The Incredibles, <mask> joked he would fight the next person to refer to animated movies as a "genre", as opposed to art form. He has also taken exception to the classification of modern animated fare as solely for children or families; suggesting it discriminatory and belittling.He has expressed a love for hand-drawn animation and its current absence from the industry. Many critics have analyzed his films and suggested they reflect Russian-American novelist Ayn Rand's Objectivism philosophy, which <mask> vehemently denies, suggesting it a monumental misreading of his work. Though he claims he was drawn to Rand's work in his younger years, he offers, "Me being the Ayn Rand guy is a lazy piece of criticism." He stated that a large portion of the audience understood the message as he intended whereas "two percent thought I was doing The Fountainhead or Atlas Shrugged." Tomorrowland plot line—a group of geniuses form a utopia to sequester themselves from the world—has been considered reminiscent of Atlas Shrugged and its Galt Gulch enclave. In The Incredibles, father Bob Parr complains of what he feels is society's increasing celebration of mediocrity, and later in the film, its villain Syndrome asserts that "when everyone's super, no one will be." Analysts suggested these lines a reflection of views shared by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche.One writer distilled Ratatouille down to "if you don’t have talent, you should get out of the

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 way of people who do." David Sims at The Atlantic has suggested <mask>'s films are instead "stories about the frustrations of unbridled creativity [...] In each film, there's an indelible recurring image: the frustrated genius, locked away in a dusty closet, obsessing over the talents he has to hide." Likewise, IndieWire's Eric Kohn called <mask> a "pivotal figure in exploring the American dream through the vernacular of popular culture." Personal life
<mask> and his wife Elizabeth (m. 1988) have three sons. One of his sons, Nicholas, was the voice of Squirt in the Pixar film Finding Nemo and Rusty McAllister in The Incredibles. Another son, Michael, voiced Tony Rydinger in The Incredibles and its sequel. <mask> maintains properties in Tiburon, California, and Los Feliz, California.Upon criticism that The Incredibles exhibited a right-wing bias, <mask> demurred, noting, "I'm definitely a centrist and feel like both parties can be absurd." Filmography

Feature films

Short films

Documentary featurettes

Television

Video games

Other credits

Unmade projects
 The Spirit, an animated feature <mask> developed with Jerry Rees and producer Gary Kurtz, based on Will Eisner's acclaimed comic strip. The studios they pitched it to liked the script, but were unwilling to take the gamble on an animated feature for the adult audience. Ray Gunn, a project that he was working on at Turner Feature Animation before he got pulled for The Iron Giant and TFA merging with Warner Feature Animation. A script has been made with Matthew Robbins but was never animated. Even though lost, <mask> has expressed interest in resurrecting the project. The Incredible Mr. Limpet, a project that is still in

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texts:
 development hell.<mask> was attached to direct at one point but was replaced by Mike Judge and many others. Curious George, wrote a draft of the film at one point, but his script was not used in the produced version. The Simpsons Movie, the crew from The Simpsons including Matt Groening and James L. Brooks were hoping to get <mask> to direct, but was too busy with Ratatouille at the time. David Silverman, who was also working at Pixar at the time and quit his job after finishing work on Monsters, Inc., became the film's director. 1906, a collaborative project from Warner Bros. and Pixar (which could have been their first live-action project), in association with Walt Disney Pictures, where <mask> would have directed. Disney and Pixar left the project in 2012 in development limbo at Warner Bros. due to delays in the film's several planned releases, several rejected scripts were not picked up, and going over budget ($200 million). However , <mask> has expressed interest as to adapt the book as a TV series and the earthquake sequence as a live-action feature film.Star Wars: The Force Awakens, <mask> was on a shortlist of directors to direct the seventh Star Wars film. He passed on the project in favor of Tomorrowland; The Force Awakens was directed by J. J. Abrams. Sonic the Hedgehog, <mask> was featured on a shortlist of writers when the film was still in development at Columbia Pictures. After Jeff Fowler was chosen to direct, Pat Casey and Josh Miller were picked as writers. Critical reception
Critical response to films <mask> has directed:

Accolades
In addition to his Academy Award, BAFTA Award and Saturn Award wins, <mask> holds the record of the most animation Annie Award wins

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title: Tony Petersen

texts:
<mask> (born October 9, 1966) is an American college football coach and former quarterback. He most recently was the offensive coordinator at the University of Illinois. <mask> played college football at Marshall, where he broke school records and won Southern Conference Offensive Player of the Year award as a senior in 1987. Since 1990, <mask> has been an offensive assistant at various college football programs. During his first stint at Marshall from 1991 to 1998, <mask> coached various positions during Marshall's rise from Division I-AA to Division I-A before becoming offensive coordinator in 1998. With <mask> on staff, Marshall won the NCAA Division I-AA national championships in 1992 and 1996 and Mid-American Conference titles in 1997 and 1998. Later in his career, <mask> was offensive coordinator at Minnesota from 2000 to 2006, again at Marshall from 2010 to 2012, and Louisiana Tech from 2013 to 2015, winning six bowl games in those years.Early life and college career
Born and raised in Lodi, California, <mask> graduated from Tokay High School in Lodi in 1984. After high school, <mask> attended San Joaquin Delta College in nearby Stockton. At San Joaquin Delta, <mask> played at quarterback on the football team in 1984 and 1985. <mask> also pitched on the San Joaquin Delta baseball team and was selected by the Kansas City Royals in the 16th round of the January 1986 Major League Baseball Draft. <mask> transferred to Marshall University in Huntington, West Virginia in 1986. He shared starting duties at quarterback on the Marshall Thundering Herd in the 1986 season and started every game in 1987. As a senior in 1987, <mask> led Marshall to its first 10-win season in program history as he threw for 4,902 yards and 35 touchdowns.In the spring of 1988, <mask> was a relief pitcher on the Marshall Thundering Herd baseball team, where he went 5–2 with three saves. <mask> won the Southern Conference Offensive Player of the Year award in football in 1987 and Southern Conference Athlete of the Year award in 1988 for his combined football and baseball performances in 1987–88. In 1989, <mask> went 4–2 with five saves. <mask> set 16 Southern Conference single-season and career records in passing and total offense, to go along with six

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texts:
 Marshall single-season school marks. <mask> graduated from Marshall with a Bachelor of Arts in education in 1990. Coaching career

Kentucky graduate assistant and first stint at Marshall (1990–1998)
After signing as an undrafted free agent with the Minnesota Vikings in 1989, <mask> started his coaching career as a graduate assistant at Kentucky in 1990 under Bill Curry. <mask> then returned to Marshall in 1991 in the beginning of an eight-year tenure as assistant coach in various roles.During those years, Marshall qualified for the postseason eight straight times, winning NCAA Division I-AA national championships in 1992 and 1996 and Mid-American Conference titles in both 1997 and 1998 upon moving to Division I-A in 1997. In 1991, <mask> was running backs coach. He moved to coaching wide receivers in 1992, when he helped in the development of future NFL wide receiver and three-time Super Bowl champion Troy Brown during the run to the Division I-AA title. From 1993 to 1995, <mask> was quarterbacks coach. After serving as tight ends coach in the 1996 national championship season, <mask> returned to coaching quarterbacks in 1997 and was promoted to offensive coordinator in 1998. During that time, he coached future NFL quarterbacks Chad Pennington and Byron Leftwich. During his coaching career at Marshall, <mask> completed a Master of Science degree in health and physical education in 1995.Minnesota passing game and offensive coordinator (1999–2006)
From 1999 to 2006, <mask> was an offensive assistant coach at Minnesota under Glen Mason. He was passing game coordinator in 1999 before serving as co-offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach from 2000 to 2006. <mask> coached record-breaking quarterbacks Bryan Cupito and Asad Abdul-Khaliq. Minnesota also appeared in five bowls including three consecutive wins, the 2002 Music City Bowl, 2003 Sun Bowl, and 2004 Music City Bowl. Iowa State and South Dakota assistant (2007–2009)
From 2007 to 2008, <mask> was quarterbacks coach at Iowa State under Gene Chizik, helping senior quarterback Bret Meyer set school record totals for passing yards and total offense. Then in 2009, <mask> was assistant head coach and wide receivers at South Dakota under Ed Meierkort. Second stint at Marshall

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title: Tony Petersen

texts:
 (2010–2012)
Under Doc Holliday, <mask> began his second stint as Marshall assistant coach in 2010, as assistant head coach, co-offensive coordinator, and quarterbacks coach.<mask> helped Marshall win the 2011 Beef 'O' Brady's Bowl. In 2012, <mask> coached sophomore quarterback Rakeem Cato, who would lead Division I FBS in completions per game (33.83) and become the first underclass winner of the Conference USA MVP award. Louisiana Tech offensive coordinator (2013–2015)
In 2013, <mask> became offensive coordinator at Louisiana Tech under Skip Holtz. Louisiana Tech won only four games in 2013 but turned around to win two consecutive bowl games, the 2014 Heart of Dallas Bowl and 2015 New Orleans Bowl. Later coaching career (2016–present)
<mask> was offensive coordinator at East Carolina under Scottie Montgomery from 2016 to 2018. However, he was not as successful there as in his previous two stops, as East Carolina won only three games per season. In 2019, <mask> was an offensive analyst at Missouri under Barry Odom.<mask> returned to being an offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach the following year at Appalachian State under Shawn Clark. In 2021, <mask> was the offensive coordinator at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, under coach Bret Bielema. Both in their first season, <mask> was dismissed after the season. On January 18, 2022, <mask> was named offensive coordinator and wide receivers coach at Illinois State. Personal life
<mask> is married with three children. His grandfather Ike <mask> was a running back in the NFL from 1935 to 1936. References

1966 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
Appalachian State Mountaineers football coaches
East Carolina Pirates football coaches
Kentucky Wildcats football coaches
Iowa State Cyclones football coaches
Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football coaches
Marshall Thundering Herd baseball players
Marshall Thundering Herd football coaches
Marshall Thundering Herd football players
Minnesota Golden Gophers football coaches
Minnesota Vikings players
South Dakota Coyotes football coaches
People from Lodi, California
Players of American football from California
Baseball pitchers
Delta College Mustangs baseball players
Delta College Mustangs football players
Baseball players

masks: Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen Petersen


title: Fred Neil

texts:
<mask> (March 16, 1936 – July 7, 2001) was an American folk singer-songwriter active in the 1960s and early 1970s. He did not achieve commercial success as a performer and is mainly known through other people's recordings of his material – particularly "Everybody's Talkin'", which became a hit for Harry Nilsson after it was used in the film Midnight Cowboy in 1969. Though highly regarded by contemporary folk singers, he was reluctant to tour and spent much of the last 30 years of his life assisting with the preservation of dolphins. Life and career
<mask> was born <mask>., in Cleveland, Ohio, just two weeks after his parents, <mask> and Lura Camp Riggs, married. <mask> later said that he took his stage name from his maternal grandmother, <mask>, the family member of whom he was fondest. While they lived in Ohio, his father installed sound systems for the Automatic Musical Instrument Distribution Company (AMI), which made player pianos and, later, jukeboxes, and then worked for the Triangle Music Company, distributor of Aireon jukeboxes. In 1942, the Morlock family moved to St. Petersburg, Florida, where young <mask> started singing when he was in first grade, coached by his mother, she claimed.Around 1947, when in sixth grade, he started playing guitar. His parents had separated in 1945, divorcing in 1949, and his father returned to Cleveland. At the end of two years of military service in the navy, in 1955 <mask> married Leilani Lee Michaels, a "Fran Malione Dancer" in San Francisco, a "photographers' model," and later a beauty-pageant queen and "Geary Girl." They lived with <mask>'s mother in St. Petersburg, and separated a year later. In August 1958, in New York, <mask> married Elaine Berman after she became pregnant with their son, Kenny. She had worked at Grey Advertising until her pregnancy compelled her to quit her job. Faced with the costs of

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title: Fred Neil

texts: family life, she worked as a secretary at Southern Music Publishing, while <mask> wrote songs and performed.They separated in 1960. (In 1965, she married Tony Orlando.) In 1963, <mask> and Linda Watson started living together, in Miami, and in time they married, having a son, Christopher. Their marriage ended in 1968. When <mask> moved to Woodstock, New York, in 1969, he met and married Judy Cruickshank, and they lived in a cabin in Saugerties, NY on the same road as Big Pink, home of Rick Danko and other members of The Band. Judy and <mask> had two sons, Justin and <mask>. In the late 1950s, <mask> was one of the singer-songwriters who worked out of New York City's Brill Building, a center for music industry offices and professional songwriters.While composing at the Brill Building for other artists, <mask> also recorded six mostly rockabilly-pop singles for different labels as a solo artist. He wrote songs that were recorded by early rock and roll artists, such as Buddy Holly ("Come Back Baby" 1958, co-credited to Holly's producer, Norman Petty) and Roy Orbison ("Candy Man" 1961, co-written with Beverly Ross). With his 12-string guitar and spectacularly deep baritone voice, <mask> was considered the King of the MacDougal Street/Greenwich Village folksingers. With Lou Gossett, starting in February 1961 he co-hosted an afternoon hootenanny at Cafe Wha?. Bob Dylan recalled that when he arrived at the Village, he was advised to seek <mask> there, and, when he did, <mask> invited Dylan to join him on stage. Photos from July 20, 1961, depict <mask>, Karen Dalton, Mark Spoelstra, and an unidentified conga player, with Dylan on harmonica. In addition to Dalton, early on <mask> also performed alongside Dino Valenti.<mask> met Vince Martin in 1962, and they formed a singing partnership; his first LP, Tear Down The Walls (1964) was recorded with Martin. A New

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title: Fred Neil

texts: Yorker, Martin had relocated to Florida in 1960, and soon settled in Coconut Grove, where <mask> followed him after their initial musical meeting, and where he returned regularly for years after. During 1965 and 1966 <mask> was joined on many live sets by the Seventh Sons, a trio led by Buzzy Linhart on guitar and vibes. <mask> released Bleecker & MacDougal on Elektra Records in 1965, reissued in 1970 as A Little Bit of Rain. His album <mask>, released in 1967, relaunched in 1969 as Everybody's Talkin''', was recorded during his residencies in Greenwich Village and Coconut Grove, with one session taking place in Los Angeles. After "Everybody's Talkin, <mask>'s best-known songs are "Other Side of This Life", covered by The Lovin' Spoonful on their debut album, Do You Believe in Magic and Jefferson Airplane on their live album Bless Its Pointed Little Head; and "The Dolphins", which was later recorded by several artists, including Linda Ronstadt, It's a Beautiful Day, the The, Billy Bragg, Beth Orton, and Tim Buckley. In particular, Jefferson Airplane considered <mask> a major influence, and he was a frequent visitor to their Haight-Ashbury house at 2400 Fulton Street in San Francisco.<mask> reminded Grace Slick of Winnie the Pooh, and her nickname for him was "Poohneil". The minor Airplane hit "The Ballad of You and Me and Pooneil" was written for <mask>. Sebastian's song "Coconut Grove" from the album Hums of the Lovin' Spoonful was a tribute to <mask>. Blues and folk singer Lisa Kindred credits <mask> with being her mentor in the early 1960s. Interested in dolphins since the mid-1960s, when he began visiting the Miami Seaquarium, <mask>, with Ric O'Barry, founded the Dolphin Research Project in 1970, an organization dedicated to stopping the capture, trafficking and exploitation of dolphins worldwide. Increasingly involved in that pursuit, <mask>

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title: Fred Neil

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 progressively disappeared from the recording studio and live performance, with only occasional performances in the rest of the 1970s. Later life and death
<mask> left Woodstock in the mid-1970s and spent his remaining decades on the shores of southern Florida, involved in the Dolphin Project.After a guest appearance with Stephen Stills at New York City's Madison Square Garden in 1971, <mask> began a long retirement, performing in public mostly at gigs for the Dolphin Project in Coconut Grove. He performed with John Sebastian on harmonica, Harvey Brooks on bass, and Peter Childs on guitar at the Montreux Jazz Festival in July 1975. Michael Lang, one of the organizers of the 1969 Woodstock Festival and a habitué of Coconut Grove in the 1970s, tried unsuccessfully to release this as a live LP. In an ensemble called the Rolling Coconut Revue, which included Sebastian, Brooks, Childs, and pianist Richard Bell, <mask> played at the Save the Whales benefit concert in Tokyo, April 8–10, 1977. <mask>'s last public performance was in 1981, at an outdoor concert at the Old Grove Pub in Coconut Grove, where he joined Buzzy Linhart for one song and stayed onstage for the rest of the set. Many of <mask>'s 1970s recordings remain unissued, including a 1973 session with Quicksilver Messenger Service guitarist John Cipollina and some Woodstock recordings with guitarist Arlen Roth. According to Ric O'Barry, <mask> recorded two albums of cover songs in 1977 and 1978 that Columbia Records did not release.O'Barry said he produced the first of the recordings in Miami, and that <mask> was joined by Pete Childs on guitar, John Sebastian on harmonica, and Harvey Brooks on bass. The second album was more fully arranged, with <mask> accompanied by the New York session band Stuff and some old friends, including Slick Aguilar. The songs on these albums were written by Bobby Charles,

masks: Neil Neil Neil Neil Neil Neil Neil Neil


title: Fred Neil

texts:
 John Braheny, Bobby Ingram, Billy Joe Shaver, and Billy Roberts (composer of "Hey Joe"). Through the 1980s, <mask> retreated from music and public life, living in Florida. In June 1987, in Miami, he was involved in a tragic accident that killed Christine Purcell, his girlfriend, when she hotwired her camper truck, which had a defective starter, and called for <mask> to start the vehicle. Apparently she had not put it fully into neutral or set a parking brake, and the wheels ran over her, causing "massive blunt trauma." Afterward, <mask> moved from Coconut Grove, visiting New York, travelling to Mexico and Texas, then, by the early 1990s, relocating to coastal Oregon.In 1996, he returned east, to the Florida Keys. In 1998, he remarked on a sore on his face that he claimed was a spider bite. It was the first sign of a later-diagnosed squamous-cell carcinoma, for which he received radiation treatment and surgery. The cancer returned in 2001, and he was scheduled to begin chemotherapy on July 16, but he was found dead on July 7. He was reported to have died of natural causes, and to have left a written will on his nightstand. Vince Martin said that a police officer told him there was also a bottle of Vicodin. Legacy
<mask> gained public recognition in 1969, when Nilsson's recording of "Everybody's Talkin'" was featured in the film Midnight Cowboy; the song became a hit and won a Grammy Award.He was one of the pioneers of the folk rock and singer-songwriter musical genres, his most prominent musical descendants being Tim Buckley, Stephen Stills, David Crosby and Joni Mitchell. In <mask>'s obituary in Rolling Stone, Anthony DeCurtis wrote, "So why is <mask> a hero to David Crosby? Because back when Crosby was an aspiring folkie who just arrived in New York, <mask> bothered to take an interest in him, just as he did for the young Bob Dylan, who backed <mask> on


title: Fred Neil

texts:
 harmonica at the Cafe Wha? in Greenwich Village. 'He taught me that everything was music,' Crosby says." His most frequently cited disciples are Karen Dalton, Tim Hardin, Dino Valenti, Vince Martin, Peter Stampfel of the avant-folk ensemble the Holy Modal Rounders, John Sebastian, Gram Parsons, Jerry Jeff Walker, Barry McGuire, and Paul Kantner (Jefferson Airplane). Some of <mask>'s early compositions were recorded by Buddy Holly and Roy Orbison.He played guitar on the demo version of Bobby Darin's 1958 hit Dream Lover and was a demo singer on a late-1950s Elvis Presley movie soundtrack session. He recorded "One Heart," a song by Doc Pomus and Scott Turner (misidentified by <mask> biographer Peter Lee Neff as "Steve"). According to Turner, the song arrived in Los Angeles too late to be used in the film. In his memoir, Richie Havens recalls first seeing <mask> in a duo with Martin at Cafe Wha?, and that "Tear Down the Walls" was the first protest song he had heard in Greenwich Village, "the first to point me in a clear direction." He also remembers <mask> and Valenti's version of Ray Charles's "What'd I Say?" They would continue performing while making their way out the cafe's back door, then returning through the front, while keeping the song going. "I can still see and hear <mask> and Valenti coming down that center aisle, raising the roof of the Wha?, 'tearing down the walls' that were keeping me from expressing what I needed to do."Discography
1964: Tear Down the Walls (Elektra) with Vince Martin
1965: Bleecker & MacDougal (Elektra), reissued in 1970 as A Little Bit of Rain1966: <mask> (Capitol), reissued in 1969 as Everybody's Talkin' 1967: Sessions (Capitol)
1971: Other Side of This Life (Capitol), live and alternate versions

Compilations
1986: The Very Best of <mask> (See for Miles)
1998: The Many Sides of <mask> (Collectors' Choice)
2003: Do You

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title: Erich Retzlaff

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<mask> (born Reinfeld, Germany 1899, died Dießen am Ammersee, Bavaria, Germany, 1993) was a German photographer who focused primarily on portraits of workers, farmers, peasants and peasant costumes. Early career

Retzlaff served as a machine gunner in the First World War, seeing action and being wounded on the Western Front, Flanders. During the war he received the Iron Cross (second class). After a series of false starts in civilian life after the war, Retzlaff became involved with photography in the mid to late 1920s starting with a small studio on the Königsallee (Düsseldorf) and then moving to larger premises as his business grew. Between 1928 and 1929 Retzlaff worked on a project that would become his first book Das Antlitz Des Alters [The Face of Age] (1930). The Quarterly Review of Biology commented in 1931:

"The viewpoint and the purpose of this beautiful volume are literary and artistic rather than scientific. The superb portraits of some 35 old men and women will, however, be of interest and use to students of human senescence, senility, and longevity."The book cemented a reputation for Retzlaff as an ‘art’ photographer and in a short space of time he went on to produce two further book projects composed primarily of portraits of Germans at work both on the land and in industry; Die von der Scholle [those who till the soil] (1931) and Menschen am Werk [people at work] (1931). When the National Socialists were elected to power in Germany in 1933, Retzlaff was already considered something of a pioneer in his photographic output with regards depictions of the German peasant and proletariat. A reviewer of Retzlaff’s book Die von der Scholle, writing for the University of Oklahoma’s Books Abroad, observed in 1932:

"The art-photographer <mask>ff has assembled two volumes of large full-page photographs which are grippingly real and at the same time strikingly unusual…They are wholesome average members of the laboring classes…presented in their everyday appearance…these collections are both striking and edifying." Impressed by these earlier

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title: Erich Retzlaff

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 continued to make his living as a photographer after 1945, in a general sense, the photographs are less dynamic than the work made in the 1920s, 30s and 40s; the subjects do not have the drama of the earlier work. The absence of ideology seemed to undermine the sense of purpose that his earlier photography had possessed.Retzlaff died at Dießen am Ammerse, Bavaria, Germany, in 1993. Over the span of his career Retzlaff's entire oeuvre was broad but the outstanding contribution that he made to German photography was his document of people at work, portraits of peasants in traditional costume and, more generally, a depiction of the peasantry of central and eastern Europe. A large collection of <mask>'s work is held in Munich at the Münchner Stadtmuseum. Since 2010 Dr. Christopher Webster van Tonder (Aberystwyth University) has conducted research into <mask>'s work and his place in the history of photography and has published a book <mask>ff: volksfotograf (2013) () with a touring exhibition <mask>ff: volksfotograf, Monday 14 October 2013 – Friday 15 November 2013 (Aberystwyth University, School of Art Gallery & Museum), Tuesday 21 January - Friday 21 March 2014 (German Historical Institute, Bloomsbury, London [GHIL]). <mask>ff in the collection of Aberystwyth University's School of Art Gallery & Museum
With support funding from the V&A Purchase Grant Fund and the ArtFund, Webster van Tonder acquired 30 vintage Retzlaff prints for the collection in 2012. In 2013 the Bettina Retzlaff-Cumming bequest brought a further 38 vintage Retzlaff prints to the collection. In 2014 the Anna-Claudia Guimbous bequest added over 250 vintage Retzlaff prints to the collection.The School of Art Gallery & Museum now holds the largest collection of <mask>'s work outside of Germany. References

External links
 Dr. Christopher Webster van Tonder - research pages on <mask>ff
 The School of Art Gallery & Museum
 Das Münchner Stadtmuseum
 Perfecting Mankind - exhibition 2001

1899 births
1993 deaths
Portrait photographers
Photographers from Schleswig-Holstein
People from

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title: Adelbert Ames Jr.

texts:
<mask>. (August 19, 1880 – July 3, 1955) was an American scientist who made contributions to physics, physiology, ophthalmology, psychology, and philosophy. He pioneered the study of physiological optics at Dartmouth College, serving as a research professor, then as director of research at the Dartmouth Eye Institute. He conducted important research into aspects of binocular vision, including cyclophoria and aniseikonia. <mask> is perhaps best known for constructing illusions of visual perception, most notably the Ames room and  the Ames window. He was a leading light in the Transactionalist School of psychology and also made contributions to social psychology. Formative years
<mask>. was born in 1880 in Lowell, Massachusetts. His father, <mask>, was a general in the Union Army during the Civil War and Reconstruction Governor and Senator from Mississippi; his mother, <mask>, was the daughter of U.S. General Benjamin F. Butler, a controversial military leader, politician, and unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. presidency.Apart from his military and administrative service, <mask> obtained several U.S. patents for pencil sharpeners and other mechanical devices. <mask>' sister <mask> <mask> was a woman's rights suffragist, and his brother <mask> was a politician and Army officer during the Spanish–American War. His son, <mask> <mask> (1921-2018), was the Charles

masks:
Adelbert Ames Jr
Ames
Adelbert Ames Jr
Adelbert Ames
Blanche Butler Ames
General Ames
Ames
Blanche Ames
Ames
Butler Ames
Adelbert
Ames III


title: Adelbert Ames Jr.

texts: Anthony Pappas Professor of Neuroscience, Emeritus, at Harvard University. In research papers, <mask> <mask>. is commonly cited as <mask> <mask> II, to prevent his being confused with his father or his son. <mask> attended Philips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, then went to Harvard College, where he earned a law degree, and where his most influential teachers were George Santayana and William James (whose daughter he was also engaged to, but did not marry). After practicing law for a few years, <mask> abandoned it to become a painter. For several years, while collaborating with his sister, <mask> (who was also a painter), the two of them tried to determine if the quality of visual art could be improved by the scientific study of vision.<mask> set about improving his knowledge of the optical components of the eye, assuming that once he had mastered them, he would return to painting. As it was, his studies mastered him and <mask> made vision his life's work. <mask> went to Clark University in 1914 to study physiological optics, making enough of an impression to be made one of the eighteen founding members of the Optical Society of America in 1916. When the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, he served briefly as a captain in the aviation service, then as the overseer of a machine shop in which prototypes for instruments were developed. While in the army he

masks:
Adelbert
Ames Jr
Adelbert
Ames
Ames
Ames
Blanche Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames


title: Adelbert Ames Jr.

texts:
 continued his studies of optics, in part because one of the soldiers in that shop (with whom he became a friend and collaborator) was Charles Proctor, professor of physics at Dartmouth College. Dartmouth College

After the war, <mask> went to Dartmouth College in 1919 to work with Proctor. They decided to construct a large-scale model of the human eye using glass for its various layers, humors, and lens.In 1921, this work led to <mask>' first published scientific paper, the award of an honorary Master of Arts degree, and his election as professor of research in a new department of Physiological Optics. In 1923, <mask> began recruiting staff of what was to become the Dartmouth Eye Institute. From Eastman Kodak Company he recruited lens designer Gordon H. Gliddon. More staff joined the department over the years, including Kenneth N. Ogle, with whom <mask> worked on stereopsis and binocular vision. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1928. The Dartmouth Eye Institute (DEI)

In 1935 the Department of Physiological Optics became the Dartmouth Eye Institute under the overall directorship of Alfred Bielschowsky, with <mask> serving as its director of research. <mask> garnered support for it from various sources including John D. Rockefeller Jr., the Rockefeller Foundation, and the American Optical Company.The institute at various

masks: Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames


title: Adelbert Ames Jr.

texts:
 times employed between thirty and forty staff, including researchers, and clinicians who examined patients' eyes and made eyeglasses. Research at the institute concentrated on binocular vision, including cyclophoria (the tendency of the eyes to rotate in opposite directions in their sockets) and aniseikonia (in which each eye has a differently sized retinal image of the same object). This latter defect could be corrected by lenses that restored the usual equality of image sizes. In 1940, Bielschowsky died unexpectedly. Hermann Burian, an ophthalmologist, worked briefly as acting director, and then was relieved by Walter Lancaster. He was not able to exert the influence he wanted, resigning in 1942. On 10 May 1947 the institute was closed.Scientific achievements and honors

<mask> is perhaps best known for his eponymous room, window, and chair. These were called "equivalent configurations" by Ittelson (1952), defined as "configurations [in which] identical 'incoming messages' can come from different external physical arrangements. In the absence of other information,... equivalent configurations will be perceived as identical, no matter how different they be physically" (p. 55). <mask> also developed the concept of "transactional ambiguity" holding that "mental set" or expectation could materially affect one's perception of visual and other stimuli, as with

masks: Ames Ames


title: Adelbert Ames Jr.

texts:
 the <mask> trapezoid. This hypothesis extended the impact of mental set from the widely believed impact on one's conclusions about stimuli (the eyewitness phenomenon) to actual perception of the stimuli itself. If true, it calls seriously into question the value of eyewitness reports even by individuals with no prejudices about their observations. In 1941 <mask> began to make notes in the morning on his transactional analysis of perception.In 1960 his collaborator Hadley Cantril published an edited selection from these notes, with a Preface, and included <mask>' correspondence with John Dewey. In 1954, <mask> was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws by Dartmouth. In 1955 he won the Tillyer Medal, awarded by the Optical Society of America. <mask> died on July 3, 1955, and was buried at the Dartmouth Cemetery. His name, and that of his siblings, is also inscribed on the gravestone of his parents at the Hildreth family cemetery in Lowell. In the address given on the presentation of the Tillyer Medal, the president of the society listed 38 books and scientific papers <mask> wrote, and 21 patents awarded to <mask>. Publications in psychology
 1946: "Binocular vision as affected by uniocular stimulus patterns in commonplace environments", American Journal of Psychology 59:333–57
 1949: "Architectural Form and Visual Sensations", pages 82–91 in Building for Modern

masks: Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames


title: Adelbert Ames Jr.

texts:
 Man, edited by Thomas Creighton, Princeton University Press.1949: (with Hadley Cantril, A. H. Hastorf  & W. H.Ittelson) "Psychology and Scientific Research", Science 110: 461–4, 491–7, 517–22. 1950: Sensations, their Nature and Origin, Transformation 1: 11,2
 1950: (with W. H. Ittelson) "Accommodation, Convergence and their relation to Apparent Distance", The Journal of Psychology 30:43–62. 1951: "Visual Perception and the Rotating Trapezoidal Window", Psychological Monographs 65(7): #324
 1953: "Reconsideration of the Origin and Nature of Perception", in Vision and Action, edited by S. Ratner, Rutgers University Press
 1955: An Interpretive Manual: The Nature of our Perceptions, Prehensions and Behavior

Additional information
 <mask> <mask>, Jr. Papers, 1880-1955, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College. References

Bibliography
 Behrens, R. R. (1987). The Life and Unusual Ideas of <mask> <mask>. "Leonardo: Journal of the International Society of Arts, Sciences and Technology, 20," 273–279. Behrens, R. R. (1994). <mask> <mask> and the Cockeyed Room."Print magazine, 48:2," 92–97. Behrens, R. R. (1997). Eyed Awry: The Ingenuity of <mask>. "North American Review, 282:2," 26–33. Behrens, R. R. (1998). The Artistic and Scientific Collaboration of <mask> <mask> and <mask> <mask> II. "Leonardo, 31," 47–54.Behrens, R. R. (1999). <mask> <mask>, Fritz Heider, and the

masks:
Adelbert
Ames
Adelbert
Ames Jr
Adelbert
Ames
Del Ames
Blanche Ames
Ames
Adelbert
Ames
Adelbert
Ames


title: Adelbert Ames Jr.

texts:
 Chair Demonstration. "Gestalt Theory, 21," 184–190. Behrens, R. R. (2009a). "Adelbert Ames II" entry in Camoupedia: A Compendium of Research on Art, Architecture and Camouflage. Dysart IA: Bobolink Books, pp. 25–26. .
 Behrens, R. R. (2009b)."Ames Demonstrations in Perception" in E. Bruce Goldstein, ed., Encyclopedia of Perception. Sage Publications, pp. 41–44. .
 Bisno, D. C. (1994). "Eyes in the Storm: President Hopkin's Dilemma: The Dartmouth Eye Institute." Norwich, VT: Norwich Press Books. Digital Library at Dartmouth. (ND).Blanche B. Marshall Mclane Bruner papers in the Dartmouth College Library. Hanover NH: Dartmouth College. Retrieved May 20, 2005, from https://web.archive.org/web/20050402231154/http://diglib.dartmouth.edu/library/ead/html/ms768.html
 Digital Library at Dartmouth. (ND). Guide to the Records of the Dartmouth Eye Institute 1917–1952[1930–1945] in the Dartmouth College Library. Hanover NH: Dartmouth College. Retrieved May 20, 2005, from https://web.archive.org/web/20050402230617/http://diglib.dartmouth.edu/library/ead/html/da35.html
 Gliddon, G. H. (1955).Necrology: <mask> <mask>. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 45, 1003. Gregory, R. L. (1987). Analogue transactions with <mask> <mask>. Perception, 16, 277–282. The Optical Society of America. (1955). <mask> <mask>.: Edgar D. Tillyer Medalist for 1955.Journal of the Optical

masks:
Adelbert
Ames Jr
Adelbert
Ames
Adelbert
Ames Jr


title: Adelbert Ames Jr.

texts:
 Society of America, 45, 333–337. Wade, N. J., & Hughes, P. (1999). Fooling the eyes: Trompe l'oeil and reverse perspective. Perception, 28, 1115–1119. Wade, N. J., Ono, H., & Lillakas, L. (2001). Leonardo da Vinci's struggles with representations of reality. Leonardo, 34, 231–235.External links
 <mask> <mask>, Fritz Heider and the Ames Chair Demonstration

1880 births
1955 deaths
<mask> family
American physiologists
American psychologists
Clark University alumni
Dartmouth College faculty
American ophthalmologists
Phillips Academy alumni
People from Lowell, Massachusetts
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Harvard Law School alumni
Vision scientists
20th-century

masks:
Adelbert
Ames
Butler Ames


title: Corina Constantin

texts:
<mask> (born 12 November 1991 in Constanța, Romania) is a retired senior Romanian aerobic gymnast. She is the 2013 World Games Champion in Individual Woman, 2016 World Champion in Individual Woman, 2014 World Champion in Trio and Group, as well as 2015 and 2011 European Champion in Individual Woman. She has been called Romania's most successful aerobic gymnast since Izabela Lăcătuș. Personal life
<mask> was born November 12, 1991, in Constanța, Romania. Outside of Gymnastics, Constantin is a lover of contemporary dance and choreography. In 2016, <mask> was a member of the Romanian Gymnastics and Modern Dance troupe, AEROS which toured in Italy and Switzerland from February to March. She states her most memorable achievement as winning the 2015 European Championships and her greatest ambition being to win gold at the 2016 World Championships.She continues her passion in gymnastics as a gymnastics coach and choreographer, dreaming that one day the gymnasts trained by her would reach the top of the podium just as she did as a gymnast. Gymnastics career

Early career
<mask> began gymnastics at the age of 4 in rhythmic gymnastics. After participating in rhythmic gymnastics for 11 years and reaching a high level, Constantin decided to switch to Aerobic gymnastics after having difficulties with her back. 2011 European Championships
Constantin's first major International event was at the 2011 Aerobic Gymnastics European Championships where she won the gold medal in Individual Women with a 21.500. Here, Romania also placed second in the group with a score of 20.794 by <mask>, Maria Luisa Pavel, Laura Cristache, Delia Lacataru, Anca Surdu, Andreea Bogati, all members of the AEROS troupe. This event led to Constantin being selected as a member of the Romanian team who would be competing at the 2012 World Championships. 2012

masks:
Oana Corina Constantin
Oana Corina Constantin
Constantin
Constantin
Constantin


title: Corina Constantin

texts:
 World Championships
At the 2012 World Championships, Constantin was a favourite to win the gold medal along with Spain's Sara Moreno.Unfortunately, Constanting scored a 21.100 in the qualifications, which was enough to qualify her into the finals in third place. In the finals Constantin finished a disappointing fourth place with the score of 21.150. In the group, Romania qualified fifth place into the finals with a 20.955 and finished in fifth position in the finals with a 21.105. But she did won a gold medal in team. 2013 World Games
The 2013 World Games was where Constantin's talent was on full display, qualifying second into the Individual final with a 21.050, Constantin beat out first qualifier Aurelie Joly of France to win the gold medal with a 21.450. In Trios, <mask> and partners, Anca Surdu and Andrea Bogati qualified into the finals in second position with a 21.044, in the finals they won the silver medal with a 21.355. The Romanian group of Maria Bianca Becze, Andreea Bogati, <mask>, Diana Cristina Deac and Anca Claudia Surdu qualified in third position, winning the silver medal with a 20.883.2014
Constantin competed well in 2014 winning the gold medal in individual with a 21.400 ahead of teammate Bianca Maria Becze, and the silver medal in trio with teammates Surdu and Bogati at the 2014 Suzuki World Cup. At the 2014 Barovets World Cup, in Bulgaria, Constantin won gold in both Individual and trio competitions scoring a 21.350 and 20.700 respectively in each routine. In Portugal at the 2014 Ponta Delgado World Cup, the Romanian Trio once again won gold with a 21.205. In individual competition <mask>'s winning streak was ended by Austria's Lubov Gazov. Constantin won the silver medal with a 21.600 after qualifying in third position with a mere 20.950. 2014 World Championships and first retirement
In

masks: Constantin Constantin Constantin


title: Corina Constantin

texts:
 Cancun at the 2014 World Championships <mask> was once again a favourite to win the gold medal along with Austria's Lubov Gazov and France's Aurelie Joly. She qualified into the final in third place with a 20.850 and won the silver medal, behind Gazov with a 22.000.After being victorious at their last two international competitions, the Romanian trio of <mask>, Bogati and Surdu was victorious and won the gold medal with a 21.541 after qualifying into the final in a disappointing third place. The Romanians continued to build on their success and the group of <mask>, Bogati, Surdu, Becze and new senior Bianca Gorgovan won the gold medal in the group finals ahead of France with a 21.705. After a very successful World Championships and two gold medals, a tired and injured Constantin decided to walk away from the sport and take and extended break. "Over the years I had always a very tight schedule and those things accumulated. I always put first gymnastics against other things and I felt tired, so I decided at that time to stop my sports activity. I felt like I needed more than a few months break, I needed a break to do something else besides gymnastics." Constantin stated to the European Gymnastics Union.2015

Coming out of retirement
After a year long break, <mask> announced she was coming out of retirement with hopes to win the gold medal in Individual at the 2016 World Championships. "It is the only thing missing." Constantin said. 2015 European Championships
The 2015 European championships, held in Elvas, Portugal were Constantin's first competition since her retirement. In qualifications, Constantin scored a 21.350 placing her into the final .100 ahead of leader, Dora Hegyi of Hungary. In the finals she won the individual women's title ahead of Hegyi, who scored a 21.650, with a 21.750. This title further fuelled

masks: Constantin Constantin Constantin Constantin


title: Corina Constantin

texts:
 Constantin's goal to win the 2016 World Championships.2016
Constantin's 2016 season started off with the Cantanhede World Cup in Portugal where she won the gold medal in individual women with a 21.900, placing ahead of teammate Bianca Gorgovan and Hungary's Dora Hegyi who scored 21.425 and 21.150 respectively. 2016 World Championships
At the 2016 World Championships Constantin walked in hungry. In trio qualifications, Constantin, Surdu and Bogati, who also came out of retirement, placed 11th with the score of 20.113, missing out on the finals. Eager to win the individual gold medal, Constantin qualified into the individual women final in second place behind China's Yu Yangyang. Scoring a 21.800 in qualifications, Constantin won the gold medal with a massive score of 22.050, 0.3 ahead of Yu Yangyang. Second Retirement
In January 2017, Constantin announced her second retirement, having accomplished all she wanted to in the sport. "At my last world championships, I won silver", Constantin said, "and [in Korea], I took my revenge."Life After Gymnastics

2014
After retiring in 2014, Constanin worked as an pilates instructor and as a gymnastics coach. 2017
Since retiring from Gymnastics, <mask> continues to be an active member of the Romanian gymnastics community, coaching aerobic and artistic gymnastics, and continues to be a member of the AEROS troupe. At the 2017 European Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Constantin performed in the opening ceremonies. References

External links
 Federation Internationale de Gymnastique Profiles: Oana <mask> Constantin

1991 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Constanța
Romanian aerobic gymnasts
Female aerobic gymnasts
World Games gold medalists
World Games silver medalists
Competitors at the 2013 World Games
Medalists at the Aerobic Gymnastics World

masks: Constantin Corina


title: Matthew Dear

texts:
<mask> (born April 4, 1979) is an American music producer, DJ and electronic avant-pop artist. History
Texas-born <mask> moved to Michigan as a teenager, where he was inspired by the sound of Detroit Techno. <mask> met Sam Valenti IV at a party while attending the University of Michigan, after which the two started the record label, Ghostly International, based on a shared love of electronic music. <mask>'s first single was 1999's "Hands Up For Detroit" (co-produced by ghettotech pioneer Disco D, who performed under the name Daisha). Successive singles, such as "Stealing Moves" and the chart-topping "Mouth to Mouth" (as Audion) were issued on Spectral Sound, Ghostly's offshoot that focuses on dancefloor music. <mask>'s first album Leave Luck to Heaven appeared in 2003 and was praised widely as a seminal fusion of pop and minimal techno. The album's single "Dog Days" became one of Spectral's best sellers and a favorite of international DJs like Richie Hawtin.<mask> followed the album with Backstroke in 2004 and has also begun working under the harder-edged Audion alias, apart from additional monikers False and Jabberjaw. In 2007, <mask> released his sophomore full-length, Asa Breed. <mask> and his band, <mask>'s Big Hands, then began a US promotional tour and a European tour as the opening act for Hot Chip. 2008 saw the re-release of Asa Breed as the Asa Breed Black Edition. This re-release added 5 new songs, including a remix of Don and Sherri from Hot Chip and the video for the song, shot in downtown New York City. In 2011, <mask> opened for Interpol, performing on their first three dates in the UK. <mask>'s fourth album, Black City,

masks:
Matthew Dear
Dear
Dear
Dear
Dear
Dear
Dear
Matthew
Matthew Dear
Dear
Dear


title: Matthew Dear

texts:
 was released on August 17, 2010.It conceptualizes a futuristic metropolis that never sleeps. <mask> describes 'Black City': "Well, there's a kind of timelessness to it in the sense that I don't want things to run on a 24-hour clock. It seems like a city that's always awake, maybe always dialed in electronically, and cannot be turned off. It's this imaginary weird never-sleeping town. But yeah it's full of lust, and love, and dark shadows. Weird things around the corner…" Black City was met with near-unanimous critical praise, earning top marks from Mojo, Uncut, Q, URB, and the Village Voice, ending up on countless year-end lists, and earning Pitchfork's Best New Music nod. A worldwide tour followed.On stage, <mask> performs with a multi-pieced live band. They have supported Interpol, Hot Chip and Depeche Mode on their world tours. <mask> revived his Audion alias in 2013, celebrating the tenth anniversary of the first Audion release with a compilation, Audion X, and a series of new singles and DJ performances leading up to the release of the second Audion album, Alpha, in 2016. In early 2017 he released an entry into the well-regarded DJ-KiCKS mix series, along with his first single under his own name in five years, "Wrong With Us". The song was produced during a writing and recording session with the English duo Simian Mobile Disco, which also yielded several other songs. In June, he released "Modafinil Blues", the first single from his upcoming album, and announced tour dates, where he will be performing without a band for the first time. Influences
<mask> has listed Talking Heads, David Bowie, Adonis, Nitzer Ebb, and Roman Flügel as

masks: Dear Dear Dear Dear


title: Matthew Dear

texts:
 inspirations.When asked who he is influenced by <mask> replied, "Definitely I'm influenced by Brian Eno and a lot of his work. I've said it before but he is one that is so interesting to listen to on all formats whether it be his production with other bands, whether it's his solo work or whether it's his collaboration work with other artists. He's probably the number one." Discography

As <mask> Breed (Ghostly International)
2008 Asa Breed Black Edition (Ghostly International)
2010 Black City (Ghostly International)
2012 Beams (Ghostly International)
2018 Bunny (Ghostly International)

EPs
2003 EP1 (Spectral Sound)
2003 EP2 (Spectral Sound)
2007 Don and Sherri (Ghostly International)
2012 Headcage

Singles
2000 Irreparably Dented (Spectral Sound)
2001 Stealing Moves (Spectral Sound)
2003 Dog Days (Spectral Sound)
2004 Anger Management / Future Never Again (Spectral Sound)
2007 Deserter (Ghostly International)
2008 Free To Ask (Get Physical)
2008 Pom Pom (Ghostly International)
2013 Pale Shelter [with Tegan and Sara]
2017 Wrong With Us (DJ-KiCKS) [with Simian Mobile Disco] (!K7)
2017 Modafinil Blues (Ghostly International)
2017 Bad Ones [feat Tegan and Sara]

Compilations
2008 Beginning of the End: Spectral Sound Singles (Spectral Sound)

Mixes
2008 Body Language Vol. 7 (Get Physical)
2008 BBC Essential Mix (BBC)
2012 RA.306 (Resident Advisor)
2017 DJ-Kicks (!K7)

Tracks featured on
1999 Hands Up For Detroit (Ghostly International)
2003 Idol Tryouts: Ghostly International Vol. 1 (Ghostly International)
2003 State of the Union EP (Spectral Sound)
2005 Spectral Sound Vol. 1 (Spectral Sound)
2006 Idol Troyouts: Ghostly International

masks:
Dear
Matthew Deara


title: Jeffrey Sprecher

texts:
<mask> (, , born February 23, 1955) is an American businessman, the founder, chairman, and CEO of Intercontinental Exchange, and chairman of the New York Stock Exchange. Early life
Sprecher was born in Madison, Wisconsin, the son of insurance broker Peter Sprecher and medical technologist Phyllis (née Willingham). His sisters are the filmmakers Karen and Jill Sprecher. He attended Madison's James Madison Memorial High School, and was initiated to the Wisconsin Alpha Chapter of Sigma Alpha Epsilon. Sprecher received a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1978 and a Master of Business Administration from Pepperdine University in 1984. Career
Sprecher's first job was at Trane, where he met William Prentice who was developing power plants following deregulation. Prentice offered him a job at Western Power Group in 1983.The Energy Policy Act of 1992 passed and deregulation in the electric industry began. Those working in the "electric industry realized the need for real-time, continentwide transactions", made possible by "Continental Power Exchange" technologies whereby "individual businesses and consumers may one day be able to select an energy provider in the same way that individuals shop for long-distance telephone service." In 1996 he bought the Continental Power Exchange in Atlanta from MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company for $1 plus the assumption of debt, which became the foundation for Intercontinental Exchange (ICE). In the 1990s energy trading was handled manually by "Continental Power Exchange, an electronic energy trading company. By 1997 Continental Power Exchange CPEX had "a federated software structure in place, CPEX... ready to expand to more servers as growth demands. CPEX's hardware and server architecture [were] capable of supporting foreseeable changes that may be necessary when the client load arrives. Continental [intended] to stay at least one step ahead of the marketplace."Sprecher started Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) in 2000 as an online marketplace for energy trading in Atlanta. Shortly after the company approached Enron to be a client, Enron started its own


title: Jeffrey Sprecher

texts:
 would have required his knowledge and authorization to sell, documents show. On March 20, 2020, the consumer advocacy group Common Cause filed complaints against Sprecher and Loeffler with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the United States Senate Ethics Committee, and the United States Justice Department, requesting from the latter a criminal investigation of the couple for violations of the STOCK Act.On March 20, 2020, also reported by CNBC in the same article referenced above, Intercontinental Exchange said in a statement that the nearly 30 transactions involving the couple were “in compliance” with company policies. “Mr. Sprecher and Senator Loeffler have made clear that those transactions were executed by their financial advisors without Mr. Sprecher’s or Senator Loeffler’s input or direction.”

On June 16, 2020, it was reported that the Senate Ethics Committee ended its investigation into Sen. Kelly Loeffler's stock trades. The news comes three weeks after Sen. Loeffler's office said the Justice Department had also dropped its probe into her stock trades. Deborah Sue Mayer, the Ethics Committee's chief counsel and staff director, wrote in the letter that the panel examined stock transactions made by both Loeffler and her husband <mask>, chairman of the New York Stock Exchange. Personal life
Sprecher has been married to former U.S. Senator Kelly Loeffler since 2004.They reside in Tuxedo Park, Atlanta in a $10,500,000, 15,000 square foot estate named Descante, though the property was later reappraised for around $4 million, resulting in far lower property taxes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sprecher and his wife donated $1 million to the Phoebe Foundation's COVID-19 Relief Fund of the Phoebe Putney Health System for personal protective equipment for Phoebe care team members. References

External links

1955 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Atlanta
Businesspeople from Madison, Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Engineering alumni
Pepperdine University alumni
New York Stock Exchange people
Intercontinental Exchange
20th-century American businesspeople
21st-century American businesspeople
Sigma Alpha


title: Rosine Vieyra Soglo

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>; 7 March 1934 – 25 July 2021) was a Beninese politician. <mask> served as First Lady of Benin from 1991 to 1996 during the presidency of her husband, <mask>. She is considered the first First Lady of the democratic era following Benin's transition to a multi-party democracy. In 1992, <mask> founded the Benin Rebirth Party (RB), becoming the first Beninese woman to establish a new political party. She served as a member of the National Assembly of Benin, representing the 16th Constituency of Cotonou, for six consecutive terms from 1999 until her retirement in February 2019. She also served as a member of the Pan-African Parliament from 2004 to 2009. <mask> was affectionately nicknamed "Maman" by Beninese colleagues and politicians.Early life
<mask>, whose real name was Rose-Marie Honorine <mask>, was born on 7 March 1934 in Ouidah, French Dahomey, into a wealthy family from the city's Afro-Brazilian community. Her father was a railway executive and landowner who was able to send his four children – <mask> and her three brothers – to France for their education. In 1946, she moved to France to attend secondary school at Lycée de Jeunes Filles de Caen. She then studied law in college. After graduation, <mask> went into law, working as a bailiff from 1965 to 1968 and before becoming a lawyer. <mask> <mask> was multilingual and spoke fluent English, Fon, French, and Mina (also known as the Gen language). <mask> met Nicéphore <mask> in France in 1947 while both were students.The couple married on 2 July 1958, and had two sons. Their eldest son,  Léhady <mask> (born 1960), was a former national deputy and Mayor of Cotonou from 14 August 2015, until his dismissal on 2 August 2017 for alleged corruption. He went into exile in France in 2017 and was sentenced in absentia to ten years in prison by the Criet court. Their second son, Ganiou <mask> (born 1961), a former government minister and presidential candidate, was shot and wounded in an ambush on 5 February 2021. Career
While Nicéphore <mask> studied

masks:
Rosine Honorine Vieyra Soglo
Rose Marie Honorine Vieyra
Soglo
Nicéphore Soglo
Soglo
Soglo
Soglo
Vieyra
Rosine
Soglo
Vieyra
Soglo
Vieyra
Soglo
Soglo
Soglo
Soglo


title: Rosine Vieyra Soglo

texts: at the École nationale d'administration (ENA), <mask> <mask> <mask> chose to pursue her own studies in law in France. She worked as a bailiff from 1965 to 1968 during her husband's early political career. Meanwhile, Nicéphore <mask> was appointed Minister of Economy during the brief presidential rule of General <mask> in the early 1960s.In 1972, Major Mathieu Kérékou overthrew the country's government in the 1972 Dahomeyan coup d'état. Nicéphore and <mask> <mask> were forced to flee into exile following the coup and remained abroad for 18 years. The couple lived in Washington D.C. during the 1980s, where Nicéphore <mask> worked as director at the World Bank. They were finally allowed to returned to Benin to attend the national conference in Cotonou in February 1990, which marked the country's transition to democracy. <mask> became First Lady of Benin in August 1991 upon Nicéphore <mask>'s election as President during the country's democratic transition. In 1992, First Lady <mask> created the Benin Rebirth Party (RB), becoming the first Beninese woman to establish a political party. <mask> <mask> <mask> founded the Benin Rebirth Party to garner political support for her husband, who lacked widespread support from the country's political class.The following year, the political party La Renouveau issued a signed statement by <mask> to the media encouraging supporters of her husband to join the Benin Rebirth Party. <mask> <mask> <mask>'s new party won 20 of the 83 seats in the National Assembly in the 1995 Beninese parliamentary election. However, President Nicéphore <mask>, who was seeking re-election, was defeated by former President Mathieu Kérékou in the 1996 Beninese presidential election. In 1999, <mask> <mask> <mask> was elected to the National Assembly of Benin, representing the 16th Constituency of Cotonou. She held her assembly seat from 1999 until 2019, winning re-election to four consecutive terms. During her time as deputy, <mask> <mask> became a vocal critic of some major policies introduced by

masks:
Rosine
Vieyra
Soglo
Soglo
Christophe Soglo
Rosine
Soglo
Soglo
Soglo
Soglo
Soglo
Rosine
Vieyra
Soglo
Soglo
Rosine
Vieyra
Soglo
Soglo
Rosine
Vieyra
Soglo
Rosine
Soglo


title: Rosine Vieyra Soglo

texts:
 Presidents Mathieu Kérékou, Thomas Boni Yayi, and Patrice Talon. Most recently, <mask> was fiercely critical of President Patrice Talon.Additionally, <mask> served simultaneously as a Beninese member of the Pan-African Parliament from 2004 to 2009. In 2007, <mask> joined the Alliance for a Dynamic Democracy coalition with Antoine Idji Kolawolé and Bruno Amoussou. The ADD ran during the March 2007 parliamentary election and obtained 20 seats. Leading up to the April 2011 parliamentary election, <mask> was the head of the ADD. However, during the 2011 elections, she joined the Union Makes the Nation coalition and promised to improve the quality of Benin's government and habitability. In the April 2015 parliamentary election, <mask> was re-elected to the National Assembly as a Benin Renaissance candidate in the 16th constituency. Beginning on 19 May 2015, <mask> began presiding over debates as the Dean of the National Assembly, a role given to the oldest member of the legislature.As the oldest member and Dean of the National Assembly (doyenne d'âge), she presided over the initial proceedings of the National Assembly when it began meeting on 19 May 2015, prior to the election of the President of the National Assembly. In her final address to the National Assembly on 18 February 2019, <mask> <mask> announced her resignation and retirement from office due to the loss of her eyesight, joking that "The old woman goes away and tells you bye bye" in her speech. Outside of politics, <mask> <mask> <mask> established the Vidolé Association (l’association Vidolé), which provides support to women and families who have twins, triplets, and quadruplets. Later life
In 2019, Célestine Zanou, a politician and former presidential candidate, praised Soglo as "our national mother" and called her an "icon of Beninese politics." In late July 2021, <mask> <mask> was hospitalized for three days at the Mahouena Clinic in Cotonou for treatment of a cardiovascular illness. Her condition initially improved with treatment, but her health

masks: Soglo Soglo Soglo Soglo Soglo Soglo Rosine Soglo Rosine Vieyra Soglo Rosine Soglo


title: Rosine Vieyra Soglo

texts:
 rapidly deteriorated on the morning of Sunday, 25 July. She requested to return to her home at la Haie Vive in Cotonou, where she died at approximately 4 p.m. on 25 July 2021, at the age of 87.She was survived by her husband, former President Nicéphore <mask>, who was abroad in Paris for medical treatment at the time of her death, and their two sons. In a statement, <mask> paid tribute to his late wife saying, "It is this woman who has allowed me to be so strong." Her eldest son, former Cotonou mayor Léhady <mask>, announced that he would return from exile in France for the first time since 2017 to attend his mother's funeral. She was also survived by her second son, Ganiou <mask>, who survived a shooting in February 2021. Tributes poured in from figures across Beninese politics, including President Patrice Talon, a frequent political nemesis, who called her "a brave and exceptional woman" in a Facebook post. Others paying tribute to Soglo included former President Thomas Boni Yayi and the President of the Beninese Parliament, Louis Vlavonou, who called her, "a woman of exception and conviction whose participation in six successive legislatures inevitably leaves an indelible imprint on the parliamentary institution and the country as a whole." Opposition leader Paul Hounkpè also stated, "the death of <mask> <mask>, an emblematic figure in Benin's politics since the historic national conference of February 1990, is a great loss for our country and our democracy...She is an intrepid fighter for peace, freedom and democracy in Benin."See also
 List of members of the Pan-African Parliament

References

1934 births
2021 deaths
First Ladies of Benin
Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Benin
Members of the National Assembly (Benin)
Women members of the Pan-African Parliament
Beninese women in politics
Beninese lawyers
Benin Rebirth Party politicians
20th-century women politicians
21st-century women politicians
Beninese people of Brazilian descent
Beninese expatriates in the United States
People from

masks: Soglo Soglo Soglo Soglo Rosine Soglo


title: Karola Obermueller

texts:
<mask> (born 21 March 1977, Darmstadt) is a German composer and teacher. Life
Obermueller began her training at the Akademie für Tonkunst in Darmstadt. She studied composition with  of the Meistersinger-Konservatorium and the Hochschule für Musik Nürnberg, Theo Brandmüller of the Hochschule für Musik Saar, and Adriana Hölszky of the Mozarteum Salzburg. In 2010, she completed a doctorate at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where she studied with Mario Davidovsky, Bernard Rands, Julian Anderson, Chaya Czernowin, Magnus Lindberg, and Harrison Birtwistle. She has taught at Wellesley College and the Young Composers Program at the Cleveland Institute of Music. Since 2010, <mask> has been one of the directors of the composition program at the University of New Mexico. A portrait CD of hers was released as part of the WERGO Contemporary Music Edition by the German Music Council.She has received the Darmstädter Musikpreis and the Bayerischer Jugendpreis des Indien-Instituts München, as well as awards and commissions from the Fromm Foundation commission, the ASCAP Morton Gould Awards, and the Bohemians New York Musicians Club. She did a residency at the Deutsches Studienzentrum in Venedig. Obermueller frequently collaborates with her husband, American composer, Peter Gilbert. In addition to two operas, they have created an interactive installation piece called An Overlapping of Spaces, which combined a series of hanging surround-sound speaker arrays with unique iPod-based audience-interactivity. The work was featured as a centerpiece of the Perceiving Space in Art Gallery at the Davis Museum and Cultural Center between 2008 and 2010, which had previously chosen it as an Artwork of the Month. Their most recent collaboration, Listening to Mountains, was presented in Germany and Australia. <mask> and Gilbert teach together at the University of New Mexico and have two children.Operas
<mask>'s first opera, Dunkelrot ("Dark Red"), was written for the opera in Nürnberg after an original libretto by Gabriele Strassmann. The

masks:
Karola Obermueller
Obermueller
Obermueller
Obermueller


title: David Atlee Phillips

texts:
<mask> (October 31, 1922 – July 7, 1988) was a Central Intelligence Agency officer of 25 years and a recipient of the Career Intelligence Medal. <mask> rose to become the CIA's chief of operations for the Western hemisphere. In 1975 he founded the Association of Former Intelligence Officers (AFIO), an alumni association comprising intelligence officers from all services. <mask> was repeatedly accused of involvement in the JFK assassination, named by both investigators and Agency family members. Implications of his guilt stemming from both the mid-1970s House Select Committee on Assassinations and a pair of assassination exposes originally proved inconclusive, but since a 2014 reversal of crucial exonerating House Committee testimony point at his complicity. Early life and military career
<mask> was born in Fort Worth, Texas and attended The College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia and Texas Christian University in Fort Worth. <mask> was an actor prior to World War II.During the war, he served as a nose gunner in the United States Army Air Forces. He was shot down over Austria and captured by the Germans, but was able to escape and make it back to Allied lines. CIA career
<mask> joined the CIA as a part-time agent in 1950 in Chile, where he owned and edited "The South Pacific Mail", an English-language newspaper that circulated throughout South America and several islands in the Pacific. He became a full-time operative in 1954, and operated a major psychological warfare campaign in Guatemala during the US coup and its aftermath. He rose through the ranks to intelligence officer, chief of station and eventually chief of Western hemisphere operations, serving primarily in Latin America, including Cuba, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic. <mask> retired from the agency in 1975 and founded the Association of Former Intelligence Officers in the same year. House Select Committee on Assassinations
While

masks:
David Atlee Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips


title: David Atlee Phillips

texts:
 investigating Lee Harvey Oswald's possible ties to certain pro- and anti-Castro radical groups around the time of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, the HSCA obtained statements from then virulently anti-Castro paramilitary organization Alpha 66 founder Antonio Veciana that Oswald had met on several occasions with a CIA operative known as "Maurice Bishop".After one former CIA case officer (who had been assigned to the JM/WAVE station in Miami) stated to investigators that <mask> had been known to use the alias, the commission attempted to see if Veciana could identify <mask> as being "Bishop". Veciana insisted that he was not the same person and moreover that he had never met <mask> before either. Some committee members (and also lead investigator Gaeton Fonzi) doubted Veciana, reasoning that he should have at least recognized <mask>, a high-profile officer so heavily involved in Cuban operations. In 2014, at a conference named The Warren Report and the JFK Assassination: Five Decades of Significant Disclosures, Veciana reversed his previous statements, asserting unequivocally that he believed that the agent he knew as Bishop had in fact been <mask> <mask>. Conspiracy allegations and lawsuit
In their 1980 book Death in Washington, authors Donald Freed and Fred Landis charged that the CIA was involved in the 1973 Chilean coup d'état and the 1976 assassination of Orlando Letelier. The authors specifically named <mask> as being involved in a cover-up of the assassination and reiterated Fonzi's claim that <mask> served as Oswald's case officer while using the alias "Maurice Bishop". In 1982, Freed, Landis, and their publisher were named in a $230 million libel suit by <mask> and the AFIO.A settlement was reached in 1986 with <mask> receiving a retraction and an unspecified amount of money. <mask> donated these proceeds to AFIO for the purpose of creating a legal defense fund for American intelligence officers

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Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
David Atlee
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips


title: David Atlee Phillips

texts:
 who felt they were the victims of libel. After the death of former CIA agent and Watergate figure E. Howard Hunt in 2007, Saint John Hunt and <mask> revealed that their father had recorded several claims about himself and others being involved in a conspiracy to assassinate John F. Kennedy. In the April 5, 2007 issue of Rolling Stone, Saint John Hunt detailed a number of individuals implicated by his father including <mask>, as well as Lyndon B. Johnson, Cord Meyer, <mask> Morales, Frank Sturgis, William Harvey and an assassin he termed "French gunman grassy knoll" who many presume was Lucien Sarti. The two sons alleged that their father cut the information from his memoirs, "American Spy: My Secret History in the CIA, Watergate and Beyond", to avoid possible perjury charges. Hunt's widow and other children told the Los Angeles Times that the two sons took advantage of Hunt's loss of lucidity by coaching and exploiting him for financial gain. The newspaper said it examined the materials offered by the sons to support the story and found them to be "inconclusive."Alpha 66 founder Antonio Veciana's 2014 recantation of his House Committee testimony, denying he knew Philips with an unequivocal statement that he believed that the agent he knew as Bishop had in fact been <mask> <mask>, reopened <mask>' possible central role in the JFK assassination. Later life
<mask> wrote and lectured frequently on intelligence matters. He authored five books, including his CIA memoir The Night Watch, Careers in Secret Operations: How to Be a Federal Intelligence Officer, The Terror Brigade, The Carlos Contract, and The Great Texas Murder Trials: A Compelling Account of the Sensational T. Cullen Davis Case. Personal life

<mask> was the brother of writer <mask> <mask> and the uncle of musician <mask>. In 1948, he married Helen Hausman Haasch. They had four children, then divorced in 1967. In 1969, he married Virginia Pederson Simmons who had

masks:
David Hunt
Phillips
David Sánchez
David Atlee
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
Phillips
James Atlee
Phillips
Shawn Phillips


title: David Atlee Phillips

texts:
 three children from a previous marriage.The couple had one child together. <mask> died at his home in Bethesda, Maryland from complications of cancer on July 7, 1988 at the age of 65. Publications

Books
 The Night Watch: 25 Years of Peculiar Service. New York: Atheneum (1977). . . The Carlos Contract: A Novel of International Terrorism. New York: Macmillan (1978).. . The Great Texas Murder Trials: A Compelling Account of the Sensational T. Cullen Davis Case. New York: Macmillan (1979). . .
 Careers in Secret Operations: How to be a Federal Intelligence Officer. Frederick, MD: University Publications of America (1984). . . Writing for Pleasure and Profit in Retirement: How to Enjoy a Second Career as a Professional Writer.Bethesda, MD: Stone Trail Press (1986). . . The Terror Brigade (novel). New York: Berkeley Publishing Group (1989). . .

Legal proceedings
 Freed Donald v Phillips David Atlee. Civil Action No. 81-1407 & 81-2578.Deposition (Mar. 25, 1983)
 Deposition (Mar. 30, 1983)

See also
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Operation 40
Felix Rodriguez
Richard M. Bissell, Jr.
Guillermo Hernández-Cartaya
Porter Goss

References

Further reading
 Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives (Mar. 29, 1979)

External links
<mask> <mask> at Arlington Cemetery
 <mask> <mask> at Find-a-Grave
 <mask> <mask> at Spartacus Educational
 <mask> <mask> at The Weisberg Collection
 <mask> <mask> at WorldCat
 <mask>lee Phillips collection (part 1) (part 2) at the Harold Weisberg Archive via Internet Archive

1922 births
1988 deaths
American spies
United States Army Air Forces officers
People associated with the assassination of John F. Kennedy
People of the Central Intelligence Agency
CIA activities in Lebanon
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
Shot-down aviators
American escapees
Escapees from German detention
American prisoners of war in World War II
World War II prisoners of war

masks:
Phillips
David Atlee
Phillips
David Atlee
Phillips
David Atlee
Phillips
David Atlee
Phillips
David Atlee
Phillips
David At


title: Ibrahim bin Yousuf Al-Fakhro

texts:
Eng. <mask> () is a Qatari writer, businessman and art collector. He authored a book entitled “Arabic Calligraphy and Quran, A shared journey” in 2015. He also held several exhibitions regarding Arabic calligraphy, Islamic Art, and the life of Muhammad. Al Fakhro holds a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Qatar University, as well as a diploma in management. He started working at Kahramaa (Qatar General Electricity and Water Corporation) and became the distribution manager of the company. He later joined Qatar Tourism Authority, then became Director of Qatar's Chamber of Commerce and Industry, and finally became the CEO of Barwa Al-Baraha.He is currently vice-chairman of the Middle East Facility Management Association. Education
Al Fakhro earned a bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from Qatar University in 1986, and earned a diploma in management in 1991. Career
 Kahramaa: Al Fakhro started his career path in 2002 as the Distribution Manager at Kahramaa, which is a corporation founded in 2000 to regulate the supply of electricity and water to consumers and to secure the country's electricity and water needs. Qatar Tourism Authority: Al Fakhro later worked as a Senior Manager at Qatar Tourism Authority, a governmental authority concerning the tourism sector in Qatar, for two years. Qatar's Chamber of Commerce and Industry: Al Fakhro was appointed Director General of Qatar's Chamber of Commerce in 2004, where he played a prominent role in improving the rules and regulations regarding commerce, industry, and trade. Barwa: Al Fakhro was then appointed CEO for Barwa Al-Baraha and sister companies within Barwa Real Estate Company. During his time, the company scored many


title: Ibrahim bin Yousuf Al-Fakhro

texts:
 achievements, and earned three international real estate awards.In 2011, Barwa's assets reached 65 billion Qatari riyals. Art collection
<mask> Fakhro pointed out that his work at Qatar Tourism Authority had stimulated his passion towards collecting art. Al Fakhro's collection consists of a unique assortment of calligraphy masterpieces and ancient copies of the Quran. He also possesses a collection of Ottoman antiques as well as antiques from Makkah and some pertaining to the Ka'bah. Al Fakhro held several exhibitions in this regard, some of which are:

Mal Lawal Exhibition

Al Fakhro participated in Mal Lawal Exhibition, held at al-Riwaq Exhibition Hall near the Museum of Islamic Art in Qatar, and was awarded second place. Al Fakhro's collection included antiques and valuable pieces that portray the life during the Ottoman era. The exhibits vividly represented the different stages of the Ottoman history as well as the people's lifestyle in that era.Al Fakhro's display was distinctive in that it drew attention towards the antiquities that depict the political, military, cultural, and artistic aspects of life during the Ottoman era, complete with a thorough description of every piece on display. Al-Fakhro's section was the perfect opportunity for visitors to closely examine the antiques that tell the story of the Ottoman Empire across various times and places through precious pieces of art referring to the days of a prominent civilization in human history. His Excellence Mr. Amri Haqi, Turkey's Ambassador in Qatar, praised the distinguished efforts of <mask>-Fakhro in collecting antiques belonging to the Ottoman era, which portray the cultural, military, and artistic status of that

masks:
Ibrahim Al
Ibrahim Al


title: Ibrahim bin Yousuf Al-Fakhro

texts:
 wondrous time characterized by profound innovation and creativity. "The Arabic Calligraphy and Qur'an, a Shared Journey" Exhibition

The Arabic Calligraphy and Qur'an, a Shared Journey Exhibition, assembled by Engineer <mask> Fakhro, featured around 80 copies of the Quran from various eras, in addition to 30 artworks by renowned international calligraphers. Also in display was a collection of valuable pieces of art pertaining to Arabic calligraphy and the Qur'an as well as several original and copied manuscripts. During the exhibition hosted by Katara in Ramadan 1434 A.H.(2013 A.D.), Al Fakhro took the opportunity to explain the strong association between the evolution of Arabic calligraphy and the spread of the Quran. The exhibition showcased copies of the Qur'an that were several hundred years old.The exhibition started with displaying the birth of Arabic calligraphy, followed by the appearance of innovative scripts, the addition of artistic finishes and gilding, and finally, printing. The exhibition ended with Mushaf Qatar and a few of the most beautiful printed copies of the Qur'an. Al Fakhro indicated that through his exhibition Arabic Calligraphy and Qur'an, a Shared Journey, he was keen to showcase a diversity of concepts represented by each and every displayed piece. He said that he wanted to tell the visitors different stories through these pieces. The Arabic Script Exhibition

This exhibition was held at Qatar Foundation convention center in September 2014. It included a rare assortment of artistic masterpieces from Engineer <mask> Fakhro's personal collection that portray the beauty of Arabic script. The exhibition was staged in three main categories: the start of Arabic


title: Ibrahim bin Yousuf Al-Fakhro

texts:
 calligraphy, the evolution stage, and the modern stage.The exhibition shed the light on the diverse uses of the Arabic script, ranging from manuscripts and textiles to ceramics and coins. In display were coins dated back to the ninth and tenth centuries, including some that featured the works of prominent calligraphers such as Sheikh Hamdullah al-Amasi and Hâfiz Osman. Authored Books

Arabic Calligraphy and Qur'an, a Shared Journey
This book was published in 2015, followed up by the passionate art collector <mask>-Fakhro after his personal exhibition in Katara. It mainly outlines the history of Arabic Calligraphy through the personal view of the author. The objects and artworks exhibited in the book are part of his private collection, mostly composed of original Qurans, along with some facsimile Qurans that he has collected. <mask>-Fakhroo has researched his collection for proof and examples on how the development and improvement of Arabic Calligraphy are intrinsically connected with the publishing and diffusion of Quran, throughout history. Calligraphy in Qatar
This book presents a selection of modern models that highlight the state’s keenness to promote the movement of artistic creativity in general and Arabic calligraphy in particular, starting with a display of the calligraphic collection in the Museum of Islamic Art, and followed by showing breathtaking views of Arabic calligraphy at several spots in Qatar Foundation, Hamad International Airport, and the Sheikh Faisal Bin Qassem Museum, in addition to a further selection of calligraphic arts in various public locations in Qatar.References

1965 births
Living people
Qatari businesspeople
Qatari writers
Qatari art collectors
Qatar


title: Vassili Kononov

texts:
<mask> or <mask> (, ; 1 January 192331 March 2011) was a Soviet partisan during World War II, who was convicted by Latvian supreme court as a war criminal. He is the only former Soviet partisan convicted of crimes against humanity. <mask> was convicted for his role in three deaths in Mazie Bati, a Latvian village where local inhabitants had denounced alleged partisans who were then killed by German troops. A short time later <mask> led a unit, posing as German Wehrmacht personnel, into the village and killed nine civilians, including three women, one in the late stages of pregnancy who was burned alive. A Latvian court declared the killing of the three women a war crime. Mazie Bati
On 29 February 1944, Latvian villagers from Mazie Bati (Malye Baty) allowed 12 men from the Soviet reconnaissance-sabotage group to stay in their barns. The next day, at six in the morning, the Germans, who Kononov suspected the villagers of aiding, burned and machine-gunned the barns.All 12 partisans, including the leader Major Chugunov, his wife Antonina and their 7-month-old son, were killed. On 27 May 1944, a detachment of the Soviet First Latvian Partisan Battalion led by <mask> staged a "counter operation" against the village of Mazie Bati. In this operation, nine villagers were accused of being the "German auxiliaries" (the Latvian armed resistance against the Soviet occupation of Latvia sided with the German invaders in 1941) responsible for the prior incident. <mask>'s men were sent to capture the villagers pursuant to an ad-hoc Military Tribunal verdict. <mask> and his men conducted the operation wearing German Wehrmacht uniforms so as not to arouse the suspicion of the villagers. Nine villagers were killed, including three women, one in the late stages of pregnancy who was burned alive. Buildings were burned as well.War crime prosecution

Original conviction and dismissal
In July 1998, original proceedings against <mask> were commenced by the Latvian Principal Public Prosecutor's Office, whereby in August 1998 he was formally charged and

masks:
Vassili Makarovich Kononov
Vasiliy Makarovich Kononov
Kononov
Kononov
Kononov
Kononov
Kononov
Kononov


title: Vassili Kononov

texts:
 ultimately indicted in December 1998. <mask> pleaded not guilty at the trial which began in January 1999. Ample evidence of guilt was found by the court where <mask> was in violation of the Charter of the International Military Tribunal ("IMT") Nuremberg, the Hague Convention (IV) 1907 and the Geneva Convention (IV) 1949. He was found guilty and sentenced to six years imprisonment. On 25 April 2000, the Criminal Affairs Division in Latvia overturned his conviction on the grounds that it was not clearly established whether Kononov was operating on occupied territory and whether he and his men could be considered combatants, as well as whether the villagers could be considered prisoners of war based on their armament by the Germans. On 27 June 2000, the Supreme Court of Latvia dismissed the prosecutor's appeal, ultimately setting <mask> free. Second investigation and conviction
On 17 May 2001, <mask> was once again charged by the prosecutor's office following a new investigation.The deaths of six men were deemed justifiable, but the deaths of the three women were deemed an act of banditry, in violation of the law, but ultimately barred by statute of limitations. The prosecution appealed and on 30 April 2004, the decision of the lower court was overturned and <mask> was found guilty of war crimes, and subsequently jailed. On 28 September 2004, the Supreme Court upheld the verdict of the court in dismissing <mask>'s appeal. Appeal to ECHR
On 19 June 2008, <mask>'s lawyer Mikhail Ioffe, announced that the European Court of Human Rights had overturned the Latvian court ruling. He also said that <mask> was seeking  in compensation for the two and a half years his client spent in a Latvian prison. A press release published by the ECHR on 24 July 2008 revealed the Court's decision, establishing, by four votes to three, that the <mask>'s case presented a violation of Article 7 (no retrospective punishment) of the European Convention on Human Rights. <mask> was awarded  in respect of non-pecuniary damage.On 14 October 2008, the government of

masks: Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov


title: Vassili Kononov

texts:
 Latvia decided to appeal the 24 July judgment. On 9 February 2009, the case <mask> v. Latvia was referred to the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights. In May 2009, Lithuania has joined Latvia using its right to participate in the case. Final ruling
In May 2010, the Grand Chamber ruled, by 14 votes to 3, that the case presented no violation of Article 7 ECHR. Under the Hague Regulations of 1907, the court determined <mask> could be punished for failing to meet the regulation criteria, specifically, wearing German Wehrmacht uniforms while carrying out the crimes. The court determined the execution of the villagers was in violation of established international law at the time, as <mask> was only entitled to arrest them, and his conviction was not barred by statute of limitations. Support from Russia
At various times throughout the period of his prosecution for alleged war crimes, <mask> has received official support from the Government of Russia.In April 2000, immediately before judgement was to be handed down in his appeal with the Supreme Court of Latvia, he was offered citizenship of the Russian Federation by President Vladimir Putin. <mask> accepted the offer, which entailed giving up his previously held Latvian citizenship. On the event of his 80th birthday in 2003, <mask> received personal greetings from the Russian President, delivered at a ceremony held in the Russian Embassy in Riga. In the hearings of his case at the ECHR, Russia acted as a third party. Sergey Mironov, speaker of the Federation Council of Russia, expressed hopes that President Dmitry Medvedev's Historical Truth Commission would also become involved in the <mask> case. Impact on Nuremberg legacy
<mask>'s defence team, along with Russia's representative to the ECHR, Deputy Justice Minister Georgi Matyushkin, warned the ruling poses grave dangers to the legal legacy of the Nuremberg tribunals from World War II. Matyushkin stated "there are signs of attempts to revise the results of the Nuremberg processes."William Schabas, Latvia's counsel at the

masks: Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov Kononov


title: Vassili Kononov

texts:
 ECtHR trial, on the contrary, considers that the dissenting minority held Nuremberg judgment to be contrary to the Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Skepticism
Kononov's former superior officer, later academician and Soviet functionary, Vilis Samsons, has questioned some of the First Latvian Partisan Battalion's wartime reports upon which the accusations against Kononov are based, alleging the description of the Mazie Bati operation was rife with factual errors and imprecisions. Death
Kononov died in Latvia on 31 March 2011 at the age of 88. In a telegram to Kononov's family, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev stated: "Vasily Kononov selflessly fought the Nazi invaders throughout the years of the Great Patriotic War. He remained loyal to the common bonds forged in battle and defended the truth about the events of those years throughout his entire life." Awards

In recognition of his wartime service, the Soviet Union awarded Kononov various honours, including:
 the Order of Lenin;
 the Order of the Patriotic War, first class;
 the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. See also
Occupation of Baltic states
European Court of Human Rights cases on Occupation of Baltic States

References

External links

Judgements

 Senate of the Supreme Court of Latvia, Criminal Case Section, Judgement in Case No.86000198 against V<mask> for war crimes (28 September 2004)
 European Court of Human Rights, Third Section, Judgment in <mask> v. Latvia (24 July 2008). European Court of Human Rights, Grand Chamber, Judgment in <mask> v. Latvia (17 May 2010). Press releases

Press coverage

1923 births
2011 deaths
People from Kārsava Municipality
Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights
Politics of Latvia
Russian people convicted of crimes against humanity
Soviet Latvian partisans
Overturned convictions
European Court of Human Rights cases involving Latvia
European Court of Human Rights cases involving Lithuania
European Court of Human Rights cases involving Russia
Deaths from cancer in Latvia
Latvian people of Russian

masks:
. Kononov
Kononov
Kononov


title: Caroline Gaudriault

texts:
<mask> (born in Paris) is an author of a dozen literary books and essays, translated in different languages. She is also conceiving art installations based on her literary texts in prestigious museums. She was working for a long time as a journaliste for international renown magazines and collaborates, the last 20 years, closely with the French photographer Gérard Rancinan. Her philosophical texts and essays are inspiration for Rancinan's photographs. Her editorial works and his photographs are influencing each other reciprocally. Therefore they are working as an artistic couple and exhibiting together their works, photographs as well as texts and books. Together, they are conceiving projects, whereas <mask> curates  exhibition and is in charge of the editorial outlines.Furthermore she gives form to her texts by integrating them into a calligraphy installation. These installations became part of the group exhibitions with Rancinan. Biography

As an independent journalist, <mask> contributes to international publications including Paris-Match, The Sunday Times Magazine, Stern and Time, and runs her blog, The Zig-Zag, which was launched in 2013. Work

One of the early collaboration projects with Gerard Rancinan was her historical reviewing of the people surviving Hiroshima. The project Paroles d'hibakusha presents the survivors, the so called  hibakusha, and gives them the possibility to express themselves. <mask> was conducting interviews in order to present the individual history and destiny. A crucial projet in her work is also the book A Small Man in a Big World, she published in 2014, in which was translated in English and Chinese.She conducted an interview with the American political scientist and senior fellow professor at Stanford University, Francis Fukuyama. Their thoughts about political systems, relationship with Modernity, cultural heritage and social contradictions became the leitmotiv of the interview. The relationship between the system and Mankind gave birth to the photographical series of Gerard Rancinan Small Man.

masks:
Caroline Gaudriault
Gaudriault
Caroline Gaudriault
Caroline Gaudriault