title: Seth Rogen

texts: his American father, <mask>, worked for non-profit organizations and as an assistant director of the Workmen's Circle Jewish fraternal organization.Of his dual citizenship, <mask> has stated, "I definitely associate with being Canadian much more than being American" because he grew up in Canada. He has described his parents, who met on kibbutz Beit Alfa in Israel, as "radical Jewish socialists". <mask> has an older sister named Danya. He attended Vancouver Talmud Torah Elementary School and Point Grey Secondary School, incorporating many of his classmates into his writing, and took up kyokushin karate for ten years. He was also known for the stand-up comedy he performed at Camp Miriam, a Habonim Dror camp. As a child, <mask> did not want to pursue any career other than comedy, stating, "As soon as I realized you could be funny as a job, that was the job I wanted." He got his start in show business at age 12 after enrolling in a comedy workshop taught by Mark Pooley.His early comedy routines involved jokes about his bar mitzvah, his grandparents, and his camp counsellors. During his teenage years, he would perform stand-up comedy routines at places like bar mitzvahs and small parties, later shifting to bars. A mohel paid him to write jokes. At the age of 13, he co-wrote a rough draft of Superbad with childhood friend Evan Goldberg, whom he had met at bar mitzvah classes. Based on their teenage experiences, <mask> and Goldberg spent the rest of their time in high school polishing the script. They initially worried that American Pie (1999) had beaten them to the idea for the movie, but they decided that the film "'managed to totally avoid all honest

masks:
Mark Rogen
Rogen
Rogen
Rogen
Rogen


title: Seth Rogen

type: original

texts:
 interaction between characters,' which is what we're going for." His mother was supportive of his comic endeavours and would often drive him to stand-up gigs at the comedy club Yuk Yuk's.With his deadpan humour, he placed second in the Vancouver Amateur Comedy Contest at 16 years old. Also when <mask> was 16, his father lost his job and his mother quit hers, forcing them to put their house up for sale and relocate to a significantly smaller apartment. Around this time, he landed a role on Judd Apatow's television show Freaks and Geeks after attending a local casting call. <mask> dropped out of high school, began working for Apatow, and relocated with his family to Los Angeles. <mask> paid the bills and had become the main wage earner at just 16. Career

1999–2006: Early work and friendship with Judd Apatow
<mask>'s acting debut was as Ken Miller, a cynical, acerbic "freak", in Apatow's Freaks and Geeks, a cult hit series first released in 1999. Revolving around a group of teenagers' lives, Freaks and Geeks first aired in 1999.Although well reviewed, the show was NBC's lowest-viewed program and was cancelled after one season due to poor ratings. Impressed with <mask>'s improvisational skills, Apatow then chose him as the lead in another of his shows, Undeclared. <mask> was originally set to play a fairly popular but nerdy college freshman, but the network did not think he was leading man material. Apatow opted not to go along with the show. <mask> also served as a staff writer to the short-lived production. Following the show's cancellation in 2002, <mask> did not get many auditions, which was not upsetting to him as he always thought he would achieve

masks: Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen


title: Seth Rogen

texts: better success as a writer. He would soon be a part of Apatow's "frat pack," a close-knit group that includes Steve Carell and Paul Rudd.Of the awkwardness of a grown man spending so much time with a teenaged <mask>, Apatow said: "I'm such a comedy fan that, even though he's 16, I know I'm hanging out with one of the guys who's going to be one of the great comics." Around this time, Apatow would come up with odd requests for <mask> and Goldberg, such as turn an idea of his into a movie in 10 days and come up with 100 one-page ideas for films. Regarding Apatow's professional effect on <mask>, the actor said in 2009, "Obviously, I can't stress how important Judd's been to my career." <mask> had roles in Donnie Darko (2001) and Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy (2004). A big career point for him was becoming a staff writer for Sacha Baron Cohen's last season of Da Ali G Show in 2004. Along with the show's other writers, <mask> received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination. He became familiar to audiences as one of the main character's co-workers in Apatow's well-reviewed buddy comedy directorial debut feature The 40-Year-Old Virgin (2005).<mask> also co-produced it and improvised all his dialogue. "[<mask>] hadn't done any screen work that indicated he could carry as memorable and convincing a performance as he does with the character Cal," MTV's John Constantine wrote. The Boston Globe reviewer Wesley Morris wrote that <mask>, along with co-stars Rudd and Romany Malco, were each hilarious in their own right and Orlando Sentinel Roger Moore believed that <mask> had his moments in the film whereas Moira Macdonald of The Seattle Times said the actor was

masks: Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen


title: Seth Rogen

texts:
 "droopily deadpan". He followed this with a small role in You, Me and Dupree (2006), a critically panned comedy featuring Matt Dillon, Kate Hudson and Owen Wilson. 2007–2009: Breakthrough as a leading man

His breakthrough came when Universal Studios greenlit him for the lead in yet another Apatow production: Knocked Up (2007), a romantic comedy that follows the repercussions of a drunken one-night stand between his slacker character and Katherine Heigl's just-promoted media personality that results in an unintended pregnancy. Upon completing The 40-Year-Old Virgin, Apatow had approached <mask> about potential starring roles, but the actor suggested many high-concept science fiction ideas. After Apatow insisted that he would work better in real life situations, the two agreed on the accidental pregnancy concept of this production.<mask> called shooting sex scenes with Heigl "nerve-racking" and found comfort with the supporting cast since, even though he played a lead, the focus was not all on him. Made on a $30 million budget and released on June 1, Knocked Up was a critical and commercial hit, garnering an approval rating of 90 percent on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes and grossing $219 million. <mask> also received favourable reviews. Later that year, he played a supporting part as an irresponsible police officer in Superbad, which he had written with his writing partner and was co-produced by Apatow. Michael Cera and Jonah Hill originate the main roles, two teenage best friends whose party plans go wrong, based on them. The film and their writing was praised, with critics finding it to be very authentic. It topped the US box office for two weeks

masks: Rogen Rogen Rogen


title: Seth Rogen

texts: in a row.He made a vocal cameo appearance in the animated film Shrek the Third, also released in 2007. <mask> hosted Saturday Night Live in October 2007. <mask>'s projects in 2008 included Jimmy Hayward's Horton Hears a Who!, an animated film based on the Dr. Seuss book, in which <mask> voiced Morton the Mouse, and the fantasy film The Spiderwick Chronicles, in which he voiced a hobgoblin. <mask> additionally co-wrote Drillbit Taylor, also produced by Apatow and starring Owen Wilson as the homeless titular character. He based the screenplay on a 70-page scriptment done by John Hughes. The movie was panned by critics who thought its plot – a grown man becoming three kids' bodyguard and beating up their bullies – had no focus and was drawn out. "If Superbad were remade as a gimmicky Nickelodeon movie, it would probably look something like Drillbit Taylor" Josh Bell wrote in the Las Vegas Weekly.He again lent his voice to another animated movie, this time Kung Fu Panda, with Jack Black and Angelina Jolie. It did exceptionally well in theatres, making more than $630 million. <mask> made a cameo appearance in the comedy Step Brothers, released in July. <mask>, Goldberg and Apatow were behind the stoner action comedy Pineapple Express directed by David Gordon Green at Columbia Pictures. Apatow produced it while <mask> and Goldberg wrote the script. <mask> was chosen to play the film's protagonist, a 25-year-old who accidentally witnesses a murder while delivering a subpoena. James Franco was cast as his hippie pot dealer that he goes on the run with.When asked about its inspiration, <mask> said he wrote what he knew. Pineapple Express was released to theatres


title: Seth Rogen

texts: in August and made $101 million in ticket sales against its $27 million production budget. Movie critics lauded it, appreciating their performances and its humor. In April 2008, Empire reported <mask> and Goldberg would write an episode for the animated television series The Simpsons. He also voiced a character in the episode, entitled "Homer the Whopper," which opened the twenty-first season. Kevin Smith's romantic comedy Zack and Miri Make a Porno rounded out 2008 for the actor. He and Elizabeth Banks portrayed the title roles: Pennsylvania roommates who try to make some extra cash by making an adult film together.After having difficulty trying to secure an R rating, <mask> commented to MTV, "It's a really filthy movie," but complained, "It's really crazy to me that Hostel is fine, with people gouging their eyes out and shit like that... But you can't show two people having sex – that's too much." The picture was distributed on Halloween by The Weinstein Company and disappointed at the box office. Along with Reese Witherspoon, he voiced a character in the animated science fiction Monsters vs Aliens (2009), which did well commercially, with a total of $381.5 million. He then starred in the Jody Hill-directed mall cop comedy Observe and Report, in which he portrayed bipolar mall security guard Ronnie Barnhart. The film opened in theatres on April 10. Critics noted a departure in <mask>'s acting style from playing laid-back roles to playing a more sadistic character; Wesley Morris from The Boston Globe opined that "Often with <mask>, his vulnerability makes his coarseness safe... Ronnie is something altogether new for <mask>.Vulnerability never arrives.

masks: Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen


title: Seth Rogen

texts:
 He's shameless." Later in 2009, <mask> starred in Apatow's third directorial feature, Funny People, with Adam Sandler. <mask> played a young, inexperienced comic while Sandler played a mentor of sorts to his character; the film had more dramatic elements in it than Apatow's previous efforts. Funny People was a commercial failure, coming up short of earning back its $75 million budget. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, with a consensus that it had "considerable emotional depth". <mask> hosted Saturday Night Live again in 2009, where the music video for the Lonely Island song "Like a Boss," in which he starred, premiered.2010–2014: Venture into directing and controversy

After years of development, a feature film adaptation of The Green Hornet was handled by <mask> and Goldberg, with a theatrical release in January 2011. <mask> chose to do a re-imagining of the title character. He was executive producer of the movie and also cast himself as the main character. <mask> later admitted to having been overwhelmed by handling its $120 million budget. "It's insane. But it's not so much the specific amount of money that's stressful, it's all the things that go along with making a movie of that size." The actor also went on a strict weight-loss diet to play the slim crime fighter.The Green Hornet was a critical disappointment; Adam Graham of the Detroit News called it "a big, sloppy, loud, grating mess of a movie" and the Arizona Republics Bill Goodykoontz found its story to have fallen apart. Nonetheless, it still opened at number one at the box office, making $33 million in its opening weekend before going on to gross more than

masks: Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen


title: Seth Rogen

texts: $225 million. In 2011, <mask> and Evan Goldberg founded the production company Point Grey Pictures, named after Point Grey Secondary School, which they both attended. <mask> provided the voice and motion capture for the title character, a grey alien, in the science fiction comedy Paul (2011). The film also starred Simon Pegg and Nick Frost as a pair of geeks who help Paul escape from FBI agents. He reprised his voice role in Kung Fu Panda 2, as well as produced and took a supporting role in Jonathan Levine's 50/50. The dramedy about cancer was based on an autobiographical script by screenwriter Will Reiser, and was released in September 2011.The drama Take This Waltz, his fourth film of 2011, featured <mask> as a man whose wife (played by Michelle Williams) explores a new relationship with another man. From 2011 to 2015, <mask> played Dirty Randy, a librarian and pornographer, in the sitcom The League, in addition to writing two episodes. <mask> hosted the 27th Independent Spirit Awards in February 2012 and the road movie The Guilt Trip, also starring Barbra Streisand, was released in cinemas that December. The film was about an inventor (<mask>) who invites his mother (Streisand) on a road trip, as he attempts to sell his new product while also reuniting her with a lost love. In 2013, <mask> along with screenwriting collaborator Evan Goldberg made their directorial debut with This Is the End, a comedy featuring <mask>, Jay Baruchel, James Franco, Jonah Hill, Craig Robinson, and Danny McBride playing fictional versions of themselves facing a global apocalypse. The film received positive reviews and was number two in the box office on its opening


title: Seth Rogen

texts: weekend. <mask> recurred on the revived fourth season of the comedy series Arrested Development in May 2013, playing a young George Bluth Sr. (played by Jeffrey Tambor) in several flashback scenes.He co-wrote the foreword for the 2014 book Console Wars: Sega, Nintendo, and the Battle that Defined a Generation by Blake J. Harris. and was reported be working on an adaptation with Goldberg. <mask> hosted Saturday Night Live for a third time in 2014. That May, <mask> starred in Neighbors with Rose Byrne and Zac Efron, which was directed by Nicholas Stoller. In the film, <mask> and Byrne played a couple who come into conflict with a fraternity, led by Efron's character, living next door. The film became <mask>'s highest grossing non-animated film, having grossed over $270 million globally. <mask> and Evan Goldberg co-directed and co-wrote the story to the action comedy The Interview, starring <mask> and James Franco as a pair of journalists who are recruited by the CIA to assassinate North Korean leader Kim Jong-un after setting up an interview with him.In June 2014, North Korea threatened a "merciless" retaliation on the United States if it did not ban The Interview, labelling the movie "an act of war" and a "wanton act of terror," and <mask> himself a "gangster filmmaker". In December, Sony Pictures announced that it was cancelling the release of the movie after a cyber attack on the studio, allegedly tied to North Korea and threats made subsequently by Kim Jong-un. As a result of criticism of this decision, Sony subsequently made the film available online and it allowed theatrical release on December 25, 2014, drawing mixed opinions from film critics.


title: Seth Rogen

texts:
 Scott Foundas of Variety found the film to be "about as funny as a communist food shortage, and just as protracted," while The Daily Telegraph critic Robbie Collin opined that it was "a raucous, abrasive, snort-out-loud satire with mischief in its heart and methane in its gut". It grossed $11.3 million in theatres, but had strong online sales and rentals. Also in 2014, <mask> made cameo appearances in the comedy 22 Jump Street as the double of Jonah Hill's character and in James Franco's drama The Sound and the Fury as a telegrapher. During the time, both <mask> and Goldberg through his Point Grey Pictures company had set up a joint venture with major client Good Universe to set up mainstream comedy films.2015–present: Continued film and television work
<mask> portrayed Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Wozniak in the Danny Boyle-directed Steve Jobs biopic (2015), from a screenplay by Aaron Sorkin. His performance in the film was widely praised and <mask> was commended for doing an "excellent job" by Wozniak himself. In November 2015, <mask> starred alongside Joseph Gordon-Levitt and Anthony Mackie in the Christmas-themed comedy The Night Before as three best friends who annually reunite to celebrate Christmas Eve. In 2016, he reprised his voice role in Kung Fu Panda 3 and in the Neighbors sequel Neighbors 2: Sorority Rising. Along with Goldberg and Sam Catlin, <mask> developed the television series Preacher for Sony Pictures Television, which premiered on AMC in May 2016. The show is based on the comic book series of the same name created by Garth Ennis and Steve Dillon and follows a small-town preacher named Jesse Custer (played by Dominic Cooper) who


title: Seth Rogen

texts: possesses a superpower that allows him to command others to do as he says. His last release of 2016 was the animated comedy Sausage Party, which in addition to voicing the lead character Frank—a sausage who tries to escape his fate in a supermarket—he co-wrote and produced.Sausage Party became the most commercially successful R-rated animated film of all time, overtaking South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut (1999). Associated Press critic Lindsey Bahr wrote of the film: "There is no one out there making comedies quite like <mask> and Goldberg. They are putting their definitive stamp on the modern American comedy one decency-smashing double entendre at a time." Along with Evan Goldberg, <mask> directed and executive produced the science fiction comedy series Future Man, starring Josh Hutcherson, which premiered on the streaming service Hulu in November 2017. The same year, <mask> and Goldberg also co-directed a short commercial film for Walmart, titled Bananas Town, and <mask> portrayed the script supervisor, Sandy Schklair, to The Room director and star Tommy Wiseau (played by James Franco), in the Franco-directed film The Disaster Artist, based on the book of the same name, which chronicles the making of the 2003 film The Room. <mask>, as the founder of Hilarity for Charity, an organization that raises funds for Alzheimer's research and support, hosts an annual fundraising comedy event named after the organization. The sixth event was broadcast through the streaming service Netflix in April 2018.In July 2018, it was announced that <mask> was to voice public service announcements in his native Vancouver's TransLink transit system and Toronto's Toronto


title: Seth Rogen

texts: Transit Commission. <mask> co-starred alongside Kristen Bell and Kelsey Grammer as the love interest of Bell's character in the 2018 comedy-drama Like Father, directed by <mask>'s wife, Lauren Miller. In 2019, <mask> starred opposite Charlize Theron in the romantic comedy Long Shot, as an unemployed journalist who re-connects with his childhood love interest and babysitter (Theron), who has become a major political figure. <mask> co-starred in the 2019 remake of the animated musical film The Lion King (1994), voicing the warthog Pumbaa, who rescues the film's protagonist Simba with his friend Timon, voiced by Donald Glover and Billy Eichner, respectively. He sang three songs in the film, which were included on the soundtrack release. <mask> said that, "[a]s an actor, I don't think I'm right for every role — there are a lot of roles I don't think I'm right for even in movies I'm making — but Pumbaa was one I knew I could do well." Despite middling critical reception towards the film, it became one of the highest-grossing films of all time, and <mask> and Eichner received praise for their chemistry.In 2019, <mask> also produced the comedy Good Boys, starring Jacob Tremblay for Universal Pictures, and the television shows The Boys and Black Monday, directing the pilot for the latter show with Goldberg. In 2021, he voiced Allen the Alien in the animated series Invincible in which he also serves as producer. <mask> filmed scenes for the James Franco film Zeroville in 2014, which was not released until 2019. <mask> has a guest chapter giving advice in Tim Ferriss' self-help book Tools of Titans. <mask>'s first book, Yearbook, was published in May 2021.

masks: Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen


title: Seth Rogen

texts:
 Yearbook is a memoir that features a collection of essays spanning from <mask>'s adolescence to his experiences in Hollywood. In September 2021, Nintendo announced in a Nintendo Direct presentation that <mask> would be voicing Donkey Kong in the 2022 computer-animated Mario film, with a spin-off film focused around the character planned as well.Political views and activism
Politically, <mask> describes himself as "left wing". <mask> has been active in raising awareness of Alzheimer's disease. The disease runs in his wife's family and has affected his mother-in-law for several years. "I think until you see it firsthand, it's kind of hard to conceive of how brutal it is," <mask> said to CNN. "Until I saw it, you just don't get kind of how heartbreaking it can be." During the interview, he talked about how he tries to be emotionally supportive and around as much as he can for Miller's mother. Both he and Miller spoke to Larry King for A Larry King Special, Unthinkable: The Alzheimer's Epidemic, which aired in April 2011.<mask> testified about the disease and his charity before the United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services on February 26, 2014. <mask> started the Hilarity for Charity movement, to inspire change and raise awareness of Alzheimer's disease among the Millennial Generation. <mask> and his wife also initiated the Alzheimer's and Dementia Care Grant Program with Home Instead Senior Care to provide free at-home care to senior citizens. On February 25, 2016, <mask> and Miller were honoured with the unite2gether accolade from unite4:humanity for their work promoting awareness and raising money for


title: Seth Rogen

texts:
 Alzheimer's research through Hilarity for Charity. <mask> appeared in a Bud Light commercial celebrating LGBT Pride Month and the Supreme Court of the United States ruling that granted same-sex couples the right to marry. <mask> is a member of Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity (Lambda Delta chapter) at the University of Vermont. He was initiated in April 2017 after his fourth visit to the campus for his Hilarity for Charity movement.<mask> is also a member of National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws and an open marijuana user. <mask> and his longtime friend and collaborator Evan Goldberg launched the cannabis company Houseplant in Canada in 2019. In June 2018, <mask> was invited by Mitt Romney to speak at a seminar for awareness of Alzheimer's disease hosted by Romney in Park City, Utah. Speaker of the House of Representatives Paul Ryan was in attendance, asking <mask> for a photo after Ryan's children engaged <mask> in conversation. <mask> refused, stating in an interview with Stephen Colbert, "I look over and his kids are standing right there expectantly, clearly fans of mine, and I said, ‘No way, man!’” and telling Ryan “Furthermore, I hate what you’re doing to the country at this moment and I’m counting the days until you no longer have one iota of the power that you currently have.”

On July 3, 2018, <mask> criticized Twitter and its CEO Jack Dorsey, claiming he had a "bizarre need to verify white supremacists". Variety magazine reported that he was "directly in touch" with Dorsey over the issue. Several media outlets, including Fortune, speculated that <mask> was referring to alt-right figure Jason Kessler, and the Proud Boys in


title: Seth Rogen

texts:
 particular.<mask> is a supporter of the Black Lives Matter movement. Views on Israel
During his July 2020 promotional tour for his comedy, An American Pickle, <mask> said he was "fed a huge amount of lies about Israel" growing up. "They never tell you that, 'Oh, by the way, there were people there'. They make it seem like it was just like sitting there, like the fucking door’s open." He said that antisemitism remains pervasive and prevalent, but also spoke to the importance of a strong Jewish diaspora, "You don’t keep something you’re trying to preserve all in one place." <mask> later expanded on his comments, stating in an interview: "I think that it's a tricky conversation to have in jest. And that's something that perhaps I now look at and say, 'Oh, now that we joked about that, perhaps we could clarify some things so people don't run around thinking that I think Israel shouldn't exist anymore.'And I'm sensitive to Jewish people being hurt, as a Jewish person. And I'm sensitive to Jewish people thinking I'm not a proud Jewish person, which I am. Truthfully, I think my pride in being Jewish and how deeply I identify as a Jewish person perhaps made me feel like I was able to say things without as much context as perhaps I should give them – you know what I'm saying? And I am sensitive to Jews thinking that I , and that there are a lot of Jewish people who are alive who wouldn't be without Israel. And my parents met in Israel; I've been to Israel several times." Personal life

<mask> began dating writer/actress Lauren Miller in 2004. The two met while he was working on Da Ali G Show.The couple became engaged on September 29, 2010, and married on October

masks: Rogen Rogen Rogen Rogen


title: Seth Rogen

texts: 2, 2011, in Sonoma County, California. Miller has had minor on-screen roles in a few of <mask>'s films. They have stated they do not plan to have children. <mask> has created a cannabis brand in the city of Toronto, Ontario, with his friend Evan Goldberg. After attending pottery classes with his wife in 2017, he began making ceramics. He cites artist Kenneth Price as an inspiration. In January 2021, <mask> revealed on Twitter that he has mild Tourette syndrome, which runs in his


title: Nicolas Vatomanga

texts:
<mask> (born 24 September 1975), known as <mask> is a Malagasy saxophonist, flutist, bandleader and composer. His music combines elements of jazz, blues and traditional musics of Madagascar, including: the hira gasy of the Centre, the beko from the South and the salegy from the North of the Great Island. He is also recognized as one of the heirs of the malagsy flute sodina tradition and of its last great master: Rakoto Frah (Philibert Rabezoza Rakoto). <mask> has played and/or recorded in Europe, Africa (Senegal and Madagascar), as well as in the United States with: Miriam Makeba, Rakoto Frah, Paco Sery, Eric Le Lann, Regis Gizavo, Solorazaf, Lionel Loueke, Mokhtar Samba, Tony Rabeson, Serge Rahoerson, Linley Marthe, Idrissa Diop, Hanitra Ranaivo, Silo Andrianandraina and Jaojoby Eusèbe. He was invited by Joe Zawinul to play at his concert at the Parc Floral Paris 2002, but he could not honour the invitation. Since 2004, he has lived and performed in Madagascar, where he created the "Vatomanga Band" which appeared for the first time in quartet form during the Madajazzcar Festival 2005 and gradually enlarged to a septet after 2010. In 2011, the band took the name MadaJazz.Biography

Early life
Vatomanga started with classical music at age four at the National Center for Music education (CNEM) in Antananarivo, Madagascar. He was taught by Mrs Alisera and Seta Ramaroson Andrianary (flutist, saxophonist

masks:
Nicolas Vatomanga Andrianaivo Rakotovao
Nicolas Vatomanga
Nicolas Vatomanga


title: Nicolas Vatomanga

texts: George Shearing, Oscar Peterson, Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz, Bill Evans, McCoy Tyner, Herbie Hancock, Wayne Shorter, Joe Zawinul and John Coltrane. "Trane" in particular became a great influence. Attuned to his African roots, he listened to South African jazz, including Makeba, Hugh Masekela and Bheki Mseleku. At age fifteen, he began learning the saxophone in a band with Solomiral, an Antananarivo jazz fusion band, then informally with Toty Band and a more traditional music group from Southern Madagascar, Tsimihole. In 1992, he participated in his first Madajazzcar Festival, accompanied by an informal group created for the occasion.Bassist Olver "Toty" Andriamampianina became Vatomanga's second mentor. Seta and Toty provided him constant encouragements to pursue a musical career. Throughout the years of his BSc diploma, he attended the Jazz Club of Mahamasina, founded by pianist and composer Sammy Andriamanoro.<ref>Anjara Rasoanaivo, "Sammy Andriamanoro: a musical genius full of humility" in Midi Madagasikara 'August 7, 2009, daily </ref> Sammy taught him jazz standards for one year. After earning his BSc in 1993, <mask> enrolled in Mathematics at the University of Aix-Marseille III (France) and completed two years of courses, while continuing his music. In 1994 he passed the entrance examination at the Conservatoire d'Aix-en-Provence where he studied jazz for a year, alongside math. During this


title: Nicolas Vatomanga

texts: met guitarist "Solorazaf" Solo Razafindrakoto, then Miriam Makeba's lead guitar. He accompanied the South African singer and attended her 2002 concert in Olympia. He also worked with the Malagasy singer Hanitra and accompanied her at the Jazz à Vannes 2000 Festival. He worked as a sideman for Mossan of Mokhtar Samba, performing at the 2001 Nice Jazz Festival and participated under the name <mask> on his 2005 album Dounia along with Régis Gizavo.Vatomanga accompanied various international Malagasy and African musical leaders, such as Clement "Kilema" Randrianantoandro-for whom he played on the 1999 album Ka Malisa with Justin Vali, Erick Manana, Regis Gizavo and Rakoto Frah. Along with it, he participated in a series of recordings that led to the albums Chants et Dances en Imerina (2000), and Madagascar: Pays Merina (2001). This work was Rakoto Frah's last album before his death in 2001. Vatomanga played with Senegalese singer Idrissa Diop during a tour in Dakar where he discovered Senegalese music. He also appeared on Germain "Rajery" Randrianarisoa's 2001 album Fanamby. Finally, Vatomanga joined bassist Julio Rakotonanahary (co-founder of the group Wa Zimba) with whom he recorded the 2003 album Mande Wazy. Open to all forms of artistic expression, he befriended renowned sculptor and composer Jonny "R'afa" Andriamanankoavy, with whom he recorded some of Andriamanankoavy's compositions - the same way


title: Nicolas Vatomanga

texts:
 Radio RLI in 2005 at age 23 and Joel “Rabesl” Rabesolo, who joined after winning the same competition in 2006. In 2011, <mask> and his group, in collaboration with the writer Michèle Rakotoson, were actively involved in the creation of the "Slam Jazz Project", a new art form that combines improvised poetry (Slam) with improvised Jazz. The same year, the Vatomanga Septet took the new name of MadaJazz. Band members
 2005 to 2007: "Vatomanga Quartet" : Mahatozo Ravelonjaka (keyboard), Henintsoa Andriamasimanana (bass), Miora Rabarisoa (drums) and <mask> (soprano, alto and tenor saxophone; sodina flute ). 2008 to 2009: "Vatomanga Quintet": Joel  “Rabesl” Rabesolo (guitar), Mahatozo Ravelonjaka (keyboard), Miora Rabarisoa (drums), Henintsoa Andriamasimanana (bass) and <mask>manga (soprano / alto / tenor sax, flute sodina) . 2010: "Vatomanga Septet": Joel "Rabesl" Rabesolo (guitar), Mahatozo Ravelonjaka (keyboard), Miora Rabarisoa (drums), Henintsoa Andriamasimanana (bass), Ludovic (bass), Kim's (keyboard) andriantiana "Nata" Andrianantenaina (trumpet) and <mask>manga (soprano / alto / tenor, flute sodina). 2011: The Septet became "MadaJazz", with: Joël "Rabesl" Rabesolo (guitar), Miora Rabarisoa (drums), Mika "Kim's" Rajaonarivelo (bass), Ludovic "Dovs" Rakotondraina (keyboard) andriantiana "Nata" Andrianantenaina (trumpet), Laurent Amouric (percussion) and <mask> Vatomanga (soprano/alto/tenor sax,

masks:
Vatomanga
Nicolas Vatomanga
Nicolas Vato
Nicolas Vato
Nicolas


title: Gordon Kurtti

texts:
<mask> (May 4, 1960 - April 18, 1987)  was an American artist, writer, illustrator and performer. He was a seminal figure in the early East Village art scene of New York City's Lower East Side. <mask>'s prolific output – his crossing of visual art with literature, performance, and cinema – along with his connection to and activity within the nightclub milieu of the post punk "downtown" culture of New York City in the 1980s, when high culture merged with entertainment – is illustrative of the period before AIDS decimated an entire generation. In many opinions, such as that of writer Sarah Schulman, the loss of such potential arbiters as Kurtti changed the course of world culture forever. <mask> was a member of Allied Productions, a not-for-profit arts organization based in New York City. With Allied's collective umbrella as a  resource and guide for social and aesthetic experimentation, he collaborated on performances, films and Arts in education workshops. Though his life was brief his output was relatively prolific - like many figures in this history of the fervent, feverish climate of New York City's Lower East Side in the '80s.He exhibited at ABC No Rio, Club Armageddon, Pyramid Club, 8BC and Life Café – the East Village hangout featured in Rent. Background
Kurtti was one of seven children born to Claire Marie <mask> (née Stokes) and Jeremiah Joseph <mask> in Yonkers, New York. He was shy and somewhat introverted but known for his love of reading and early artistic abilities. <mask> had a vivid imagination and an affinity for comic book art, monster movies and outer space. He grew up drawing elaborate spaceships complete with flight instructions and statistics. He admired and drew mythical heroes like Prince Valiant and

masks:
Gordon Stokes Kurtti
Kurtti
Kurtti
Kurtti
Kurtti
Gordon


title: Gordon Kurtti

texts:
 was inspired by the first existentialist, Hamlet. He graduated from Yonkers Preparatory High School and was accepted into New York's School Of Visual Arts at a time when alumni such as Keith Haring were exploding onto the downtown New York scene.There he met and formed a lifelong friendship and artistic collaboration with  classmate Kembra Pfahler. Career
Kurtti collaborated on various art projects with many of his peers placing him within the circle of second generation of co-directors at Abc No Rio that included Jack Waters, Peter Cramer, and Carl George, and Colab predecessors Bradley Eros and Aline Mare - then performing as the partnership Erotic Psyche. This circle also included the artists Valerie Caris, Leslie Lowe, Brad Taylor, Leslie Lowe, Richard Hofmann, and  Tony Pinotti  among others. With this grouping Kurtti frequently performed and presented his work at the Pyramid Club and Danceteria. In 1984 Pfahler and <mask> organized The Extremist Show at ABC No Rio . This was a watershed exhibition that coincided with the introduction of many of New York's sub-culture artists and groups. Included in the Extremist Show curation was the resident dance company of the Pyramid Club P.O.O.L., The performance series Church of the Little Green Man, The Cinema of Transgression featuring the films of Nick Zedd, Lydia Lunch and Richard Kern, Borbetomagus and Redtape Magazine.<mask> was influenced by all of these, and he in turn contributed to their impact through his creative activities and his presence in their fomentation. Fashion
After art school he began training as an illustrator for advertisers and the fashion industry for burgeoning designer Diane Pernet and worked in the art department of The Limited Company. He

masks: Kurtti Kurtti


title: Gordon Kurtti

texts:
 collaborated with Carl George on a showroom design for Yumi Katsura, Japan's pre-eminent wedding gown designer and again collaborated on the fashion show launch event featuring a young Brooke Shields. Kurtti designed the stage and room decor one of the first AIDS fund-raising events for the Henry Grethel menswear line in 1986. Theater
<mask> worked with theatrical producer Liz Dunn to create °∞One Night Stands°± at La Mama Cabaret in Ellen Stewart's legendary La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club. He adopted the pseudonym Sketch Louis for his on site illustrations capturing performers like Hapi Phace, Edgar Oliver, Lypsinka (AKA John Epperson), Samoa, the theater group Watchface, Taboo! (AKA Stephen Tashjian), Kimberly Flynn among others.Kurtti also drew a spot-on caricature of Sam Shepard for the 1984 La Mama presentation of Shepard Sets,  a series of three short plays: Suicide in B Flat, Angel City and Black Bog Beast. <mask> proved himself to be a master of realist drawing with a wry sense of humor. Kurtti created and performed his work The Bearded Bride in the 1985 production Foho Tell Dreams at Danspace Project at Saint Mark's Church. Film
<mask> was an early collaborator on many experimental film works by Carl George, Jack Waters, Bradley Eros and Leslie Lowe and Brad and Brian Taylor. He, like most of his art friends, wore many hats from cameraman to set designer to lead actor. Sets often consisted of whatever was found on the street and easily painted, hung or reconfigured. Costumes were assembled from thrift shop racks, flea market finds or abandoned closets.The preferred medium was Super-8 film easily cut and edited on a kitchen table. Screenings were organized through Naked Eye Cinema, the media branch of Allied

masks: Gordon Kurtti Gordon


title: Gordon Kurtti

texts:
 Productions and took place at The Film-Makers' Cooperative, Millennium Film Workshop, Anthology Film Archives, ABC No Rio, abandoned lots, alleys and nightclubs. Many of the films including The Lost 40 Days and La Belle Fleur and DHPG Mon Amour by Carl M. George and Nocturnes and The Blond Leading The Blond  by Jack Waters now reside in the permanent collections of The New York Public Library, The Library of Congress, The Museum of Modern Art, NYC, and other important collections and archives. The film and moving image works in which <mask> appears and in whose production to which he principally contributed are in the collections of Anthology Film Archives, The Film Makers Cooperative, the Reserve Film and Video Collection of the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts  and the Downtown Collection of New York University's Fales Library. Kurti's life and work are the subject of an archival, preservation, and distribution project by Allied Productions, Inc.

Filmography
 La Belle Fleur  (Actor, Set/Prop Designer) dir. Carl M. George 1985
 Brains By Revlon (Co-Writer, Costume/Set Designer, Storyboard Artist) dir. Jack Waters 1986
 The Blond Leading The Blond [unproduced] (Co-Writer Costume/Set Designer, Storyboard Artist) dir.Jack Waters 1986
 The Lost 40 Days  (Actor, Art Director, Set/Prop Designer) dir. Carl M. George 1986
 Whippoorwill (Art Director, Set/Prop Designer) dir. Carl M. George 1986

References

 Jolinda Lewis -Review of performances at St. Mark's Danspace, New York, (Jan. 31-Feb. 3, 1985) of Foho tell dreams
 Smithsonian Institution Oral History with Jack Waters and Peter Cramer
 Abc No Rio in the '80's

External links
 <mask>ti Project

1960 births
Artists from New York City
1987 deaths
American

masks:
Kurtti
Gordon Kurt


title: John Ferguson McLennan

texts:
<mask> FRSE LLD (14 October 1827 – 16 June 1881), was a Scottish advocate, social anthropologist and ethnologist. Life

He was born in Inverness, the son of <mask>, an insurance agent, and his wife, Jessie Ross. He was educated in that city, then studied law at King's College, Aberdeen, graduating M.A. in 1849. He then entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where in 1853 he obtained a Wrangler's place (first class) in the Mathematical Tripos. He left Cambridge without taking a degree there. McLennan then spent two years in London writing for The Leader, at that time edited by George Henry Lewes, and other periodicals.He may well have attended one of the Inns of Court. During this period he knew George Eliot and William Michael Rossetti, and dabbled in verse in the Pre-Raphaelite style. On returning to Edinburgh, he was called to the Scottish bar in January 1857. He became secretary to the Scottish Law Amendment Society, and took an active part in the agitation which led to the Court of Session Act of 1868. As a man of letters, he worked with Alexander Smith. At this time he lived at 6 Northumberland Street in Edinburgh's New Town. In 1870 McLennan's first wife died, and he moved back to London.In 1871, he took the post of parliamentary draughtsman for Scotland. His health, however, was already thoroughly undermined by tuberculosis (or consumption), and while wintering in Algeria he suffered from repeated attacks of malarial fever. He died of tuberculosis on 16 June 1881 at Hayes Common, Kent. Publications
McLennan undertook the article on "Law" for the eighth edition of the Encyclopædia

masks:
John Ferguson McLnan
John McLnan


title: John Ferguson McLennan

texts: Britannica. It looked back to the Scottish tradition of <mask> and Adam Smith; but in it he speculated also on the custom of collusive abduction seen in classical antiquity. Via conjectural steps involving the form of polyandry as it might have evolved, he found the topic that led on to his major work. It has been suggested that McLennan was motivated by disagreement with Henry Maine, on questions of legal reform, to examine Maine's Ancient Law; McLennan wrote attacks on Maine that were not published in his own lifetime.In 1865, McLennan published Primitive Marriage. In it he argued from symbolic and ceremonial forms of bride kidnapping (see also Types of marriage). His ideas had been partially anticipated by Johann Jakob Bachofen, writing in 1861 on matriarchy, but were independent. McLennan developed from ethnographic data a social evolutionist theory of marriage, and also of systems of kinship according to natural laws. He rejected patriarchal society as an early stage, arguing in favour of agnation as a more basic evolutionary point; he proposed an early model of social groups, a war band mainly male, practicing female infanticide and acquiring female sexual partners, with promiscuity and matrilineality salient features. In 1866, McLennan wrote in the Fortnightly Review (April and May) an essay on Kinship in Ancient Greece, in which he proposed tests for the history of kinship claimed in Primitive Marriage. Three years later, in the Fortnightly Review for 1869–70, he developed his ideas on totemism from indications in the earlier essay.A reprint of Primitive Marriage, with Kinship


title: John Ferguson McLennan

texts:
 Animal Tribes among the Arabs and in the Old Testament, directly follows MacLennan's ideas on totemism. It connected contemporary Arab nomads and ancient biblical peoples with the social function of totemism in primitive religions. Family
McLennan married twice:
 On 23 December 1862, to Mary Bell Ramsay McCulloch, daughter of <mask> McCulloch, by whom he had one daughter;
 On 20 January 1875, to Eleonor Anne Brandram, daughter of Francis Holles Brandram, J.P. for the counties of Kent and Sussex, who died in 1896. Sources
2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.Kippenberg, Hans G. 2002. Discovering Religious History in the Modern Age. Princeton & Oxford, Princeton University Press. McLennan, <mask>. 1970 [1865]. Primitive Marriage. An Inquiry into the Origin of the Form of Capture in Marriage Ceremonies. Chicago.Strenski, Ivan. 2006. Thinking About Religion. An Historical Introduction to Theories of Religion. Malden, MA., Blackwell Publishing. References

Attribution

External links

1827 births
1881 deaths
Scottish lawyers
19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
British ethnologists
Fellows of the Ethnological Society of London
Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
Tuberculosis deaths in

masks:
John Ramsay
John F


title: Kenneth James Gibson

texts:
<mask> is a musician, record producer, composer, singer, songwriter and a founding member of Bell Gardens, Furry Things, Eight Frozen Modules, and [a]pendics.shuffle. Career

<mask> was born in Canada, grew up in El Paso, Texas and currently lives in Los Angeles, California. He first learned how to play guitar on his fathers acoustic and got his first 4-track recorder at age 19. <mask> founded the 1990s noise rock band Furry Things, who released most of its material on King Coffey's (of the Butthole Surfers) Trance Syndicate / Touch and Go Records imprint. He has also released music that spans across many genres under aliases such as [a]pendics.shuffle, Eight Frozen Modules, dubLoner, Reverse Commuter, and Hiss & Buzz (with Jack Dangers of Meat Beat Manifesto). He founded the electronic music record label Adjunct Audio in early 2005 with friend Konstantin Gabbro, through Kompakt records. <mask> along with Brian McBride of the drone-based ambient music duo Stars of the Lid, started the band Bell Gardens in 2009.Through the music of Bell Gardens, the two explore the realms of Americana, chamber pop, folk, and psychedelic pop. He also recently collaborated with Douglas McCarthy of Nitzer Ebb on a track called Whispers In on his latest Reverse Commuter album titled Exposure. In April 2016, <mask> released his first full ambient album under his real name titled The Evening Falls on Kompakt Records and returned for a second album in March, 2018 titled In The Fields Of Nothing. In 2017, <mask> <mask> with Gavin Toler Of The Winter Flowers. According to his website the group makes music that fits under

masks:
Kenneth James Gibson
Kenneth James Gibson
Gibson
Gibson
Gibson
Gibsonler
Gibson


title: Kenneth James Gibson

texts:
 the “Cosmic American Music” banner. He has directed music videos for artists such as Francis Harris and Dance Spirit as well as his own projects Reverse Commuter and Bell Gardens. Musical projects

Furry Things

<mask> played guitar, sang, and produced the 1990s Noise Pop band Furry Things.The line up also consisted of Cathy Shive (Bass, Vocals), Charlie Woodburn (Drums), and Chris Michaels (Keyboards). Furry Things released the majority of its material on King Coffey's (of the Butthole Surfers) Trance Syndicate / Touch and Go Records imprint. The band formed in Austin, Texas in 1993 and moved to Los Angeles, California in the summer of 1997. <mask> produced the band's first LP titled The Big Saturday Illusion along with engineer Adam Wiltzie (of Stars Of The Lid). <mask> and Brad Laner (of the band Medicine) produced the second and last LP titled Moments Away which was released in 1998. The band also released two 7" singles and two EPs as well as being featured on The Kahanek Incident: Volume 2, which was a remix trade between Furry Things and Electric Company. Bell Gardens

Bell Gardens is the musical collaboration between <mask> and Brian McBride of Stars Of The Lid.Through the music of Bell Gardens, they explore different styles such as chamber pop, folk rock, psychedelic pop, and Americana. Their first EP Hangups Need Company was released on their own imprint Failed Better in 2010. Southern Records released their first LP Full Sundown Assembly in late 2012. Rocket Girl released the band's second LP titled Slow Dawns For Lost Conclusions in October, 2014. Eight Frozen Modules

Eight

masks: Kenneth Kenneth Kenneth Kenneth


title: Kenneth James Gibson

texts:
 Frozen Modules (also known as 8FM) is one of Gibson's experimental electronic music projects. Eight Frozen Modules' recorded material is a mix of IDM, Techno, Dub, electro, breakcore, dancehall, and Noise. The project started as a side project to the now defunct noise-pop band Furry Things and like Furry Things, was also released on King Coffey's Trance Syndicate label.As 8FM, he has released music on labels such as Phthalo, Planet Mu, Orthlorng Musork, Tigerbeat 6, City Slang, Shockout, Mutant Sniper, Mille Plateaux, Warp, In Vitro Records, Lo Recordings and Tino Corp to name a few. [a]pendics.shuffle

[a]pendics.shuffle is <mask>'s main electronic music alias. Under this alias he creates a mix of minimal house, techno, micro house, and experimental electronic dance music. [a]pendics.shuffle has released music on many labels such as Trapez, Orac, Adjunct Audio, Mo's Ferry Prod., Lick My Deck, We Are, Leftroom, Sunset Diskos and more. As apendics.shuffle, <mask> has collaborated with and remixed a number of other artists such Mr. C of The Shamen, Mikael Stavöstrand, Mark "Blakkat" Bell, Damian Lazarus, Brad Laner, and Vladislav Delay. Kool Keith, and Markus Nikolai of Perlon Records. Reverse Commuter

The first released Reverse Commuter track, The Organ That Killed Me, was released on a compilation titled Grand Slang on City Slang in 2000.There was a gap of no releases till 2003 with The Direction EP on Hallucination Recordings. Outside of a string of remixes and compilation tracks, there wasn't another official release till 2014 with a new album titled Exposure on DJ Three's Hallucienda label

masks: Gibson Gibson


title: Kenneth James Gibson

texts:
 along with a 12" EP titled Vinyl Exposure One including a Doc Martin remix. Exposure featured tracks with vocals by <mask>, Douglas McCarthy (of Nitzer Ebb, Recoil), and his wife Kelly Johnston-Gibson. Adjunct Audio

Kenneth along with Konstantin Gabbro (also co-founder of Orac Records, Zoombézoom)  founded the electronic music record label Adjunct Audio in 2005. Adjunct releases a range of styles from Deep House and Minimal Techno to Dub and Ambient. Producers such as John Tejada, Bruno Pronsato, Dapayk, Blakkat, Kit Clayton, Mathias Schaffhäuser, DubLoner, Sutekh, Dilo, Mikael Stavostrand, Mr. C, and  [a]pendics.shuffle himself have worked with the label. Adjunct is distributed by Kompakt records.Music for television and film

<mask> composes music for TV and Film. According to IMDB he has music in shows such as Shameless,  The Simpsons,  The Last O.G., Weeds, Californication, and Saturday Night Live and films such as The Best and The Brightest, Drones, Don Peyote, and 7 Minutes. <mask> appeared as himself as music producer on an episode of VH1's MC Serch hosted show Miss Rap Supreme. Discography

with Bell Gardens

Albums

Full Sundown Assembly (Southern Records / Burger Records, 2012)
Slow Dawns For Lost Conclusions (Rocket Girl, 2014)

Singles & EPs

Hangups Need Company (Failed Better / Burger Records, 2010)
Take Us Away (Rocket Girl, 2014)

Compilation appearances

Various – International Connection Collection (Dublab, 2010)
Various - The Kitty Comp (Burger Records, 2010)
Various - Rocket Girl 20 (Rocket Girl, 2019)

with Furry Things

Albums

The Big Saturday Illusion (Trance

masks: Gibson Gibson Gibson


title: Kenneth James Gibson

texts:
 Syndicate, 1995)
Moments Away (Trance Syndicate, 1998)

Singles & EPs

Hide / Your Two One (7") (Rise Records, 1994)
Still California / Car Songs Unlimited (7") (Trance Syndicate, 1995)
Headphones (Trance Syndicate, 1996)
Frequent Lunacy (Trance Syndicate, 1997)

Compilation appearances

Various – Cinco Años! (Trance Syndicate, 1995)
Various – Green Light GO! (Bottlecap Records, 1995)
Various – Angelfood Electronics Vol Two (Kakemix Records, 1997)
Various – Letters To Aliens (Undercover Inc., 1997)

as <mask> <mask>

Albums

Delusional Tales And Non-Silence (Culprit, 2010)
The Evening Falls (Kompakt, 2016)
In The Fields Of Nothing (Kompakt, 2018)

Singles & EPs

Animals Tonight (Culprit, 2009)
Something In The Way (Culprit, 2010)
Something In The Way Remixes (12") (Adjunct Audio, 2013)
Far From Home (Kompakt, 2018)

Compilation appearances

Various - Ambient Rounds Vol. 2 (Dock Records, 2014)
Various - Pop Ambient 2017 (Kompakt, 2016)
Various - Pop Ambient 2018 (Kompakt, 2017)
Various - Velvet Desert Music Vol.1 (Kompakt, 2019)

as Eight Frozen Modules

Albums

The Confused Designer (Trance Syndicate, 1997)
The Confused Electrician (City Slang, 1998)
Random Activities and Broken Sunsets (Phthalo, 2001)
Thought Process Disorder (Orthlorng Musork, 2002)
The Abduction of Barry (Orthlorng Musork, 2003)
Crumbling And Responding (g25productions, 2005)
Clinically Yours (Plateaux Résistance, 2005)

Singles & EPs

Daydream Nightmare (12") (Trance Syndicate, 1997)
Collages From The Inside of a Circuit Board Gone Wild (12") (Kakemix Records, 1997)
Eight Frozen Modules / Mochipet – $ Vol. 11 (7")

masks:
Kenneth James
Gibson


title: Roswell Gilpatric

texts:
<mask> (November 4, 1906 – March 15, 1996) was a New York City corporate attorney and government official who served as Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1961–64, when he played a pivotal role in the high-stake strategies of the Cuban Missile Crisis, advising President John F. Kennedy as well as Robert McNamara and McGeorge Bundy on dealing with the Soviet nuclear missile threat. <mask> later served as Chairman of the Task Force on Nuclear Proliferation in 1964. Early life and career
<mask> was born in 1906 in Brooklyn, the son of Wall Street attorney <mask>, an Amherst College graduate born in Warren, Rhode Island, and the former Charlotte Elizabeth Leavitt, a graduate of Mount Holyoke College, born to American missionary parents in Osaka, Japan. Charlotte Leavitt was a college classmate and lifelong friend of Frances Perkins, the first woman appointed to a Presidential Cabinet. On his mother's side <mask> was related to Harvard College astronomer Henrietta Swan Leavitt, whose father was the Congregational minister <mask>. <mask> attended Poly Preparatory Country Day School from 1917 to 1920, when the family moved to White Plains, where he attended high school for two years before transferring to the Hotchkiss School, where he was a member of the remarkable class of 1924 that included Charles W. Yost, Paul Nitze, and Chapman Rose. His duties as a scholarship boy, which included waiting on tables and cleaning rooms, kept down his participation in extracurricular activities at Hotchkiss, but he was a member of the Cum Laude Society.He graduated from Yale University in 1928, Phi Beta Kappa; and then from Yale Law School in 1931, where he was an editor of the Yale Law Journal.

masks:
Roswell Leavitt Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Walter Hodges Gilpatric
Roswell Gilpatric
George Roswell Leavitt
Gilpatric


title: Roswell Gilpatric

texts:
 Following his graduation, <mask> went to work for the New York City law firm of Cravath, Swaine & Moore, where he became a partner and where he practiced when not serving in government. <mask> owed much of his political cachet to his special relationship with the celebrated lawyer, diplomat and investment banker Robert A. Lovett, to whom <mask> was a protégé. <mask> served as Under Secretary of the Air Force from 1951-1953. During 1956 and 1957, <mask> was a member of the Rockefeller Brothers' Special Studies Project. <mask> was a childhood friend of Governor Nelson Rockefeller. Deputy Secretary of Defense

<mask> joined the new Kennedy administration in 1961 as part of the wave of Kennedy appointments.His appointment was unusual: he was one of the few Pentagon leaders handpicked by the new President. Fearing that the new Secretary of Defense, Robert S. McNamara, was inexperienced in Washington's ways, Kennedy chose <mask> to add experience to his Defense team. McNamara was known as a "whiz kid", a Midwestern industrial production wunderkind. But Kennedy sensed that McNamara would need a strong lieutenant who was savvy in the ways of Washington. Kennedy chose <mask> as the Pentagon's number two, passing over Paul Nitze, <mask>'s old classmate from Hotchkiss, who had wanted the job. It was a propitious appointment: within a few months, the dashing Eastern lawyer and his Midwestern boss were finishing each other's sentences. McNamara frequently started out with the expression: "Ros and I...."

As the Cuban crisis began to unfold, <mask> was appointed to the EXCOMM team, the top-level working group appointed by President Kennedy to assess the Soviet missile threat in Cuba.At one

masks: Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric


title: Roswell Gilpatric

texts: point during the tense standoff of the Cuban Missile Crisis, McGeorge Bundy was arguing for United States bombing of Cuba to eliminate the threat of a Soviet nuclear attack. McNamara countered, arguing that there should be no bombing because the Soviet Russian response was unpredictable. It was at this critical moment that <mask> stepped in to settle the argument. "Essentially, Mr. President," <mask> was recorded telling Kennedy, "this is a choice between limited action and unlimited action, and most of us think it is better to start with limited action." It was <mask>'s intervention that changed the direction of the discussion, according to Harvard professor and former Department of Defense official Graham T. Allison, who authored a book, Essence of Decision, about the crisis. Proposing the blockade was McNamara and <mask>'s solution to providing President Kennedy with a strong response – but short of the airstrike that McGeorge Bundy and others were pushing. By crafting their solution, and with the normally reticent <mask> speaking up forcefully for it, the two managed to change the thrust of policy.The President followed <mask> and McNamara's recommendation. <mask> was not always so dovish. He often took a hard line against the Communist threat, and was not above using force in other matters of international security. In the Eisenhower administration, <mask> headed a secret task force charged with "preventing Communist domination of Vietnam." <mask> argued forcefully for U.S. commitment to halt the Communist threat in South Vietnam. In his position with the Kennedy administration, <mask> later signed off on the overthrow of the Diem government. <mask> was also a member of a


title: Roswell Gilpatric

texts: special task force which hatched "Operation Mongoose", a dirty tricks campaign aimed at destabilizing the government of Fidel Castro in Cuba.At the same time, <mask> showed that he could be intellectually flexible on occasion. When it came to the admission of China into the United Nations, for instance, <mask> argued forcefully in a letter to The New York Times, written during his Eisenhower years, that the United States should stop trying to block the Communist country's admission into the international governing body. "By no longer trying to block Communist China's admission to the United Nations the United States might be able to bring about a reduction in tensions in southeast Asia that would lessen the chances of further Communist 'nibbling' or 'brush-fire' type of aggression." <mask> did not always face an easy task while acting as go-between for the Pentagon generals and the White House. For example, President Kennedy developed such an intense dislike of General Curtis Lemay that every time his name came up, Kennedy went ballistic. "I mean he just would be frantic at the end of a session with LeMay", <mask> recalled, "because, you know, LeMay couldn't listen or wouldn't take in, and he would make what Kennedy considered ... outrageous proposals that bore no relation to the state of affairs in the 1960s. And the President never saw him unless at some ceremonial affair, or where he felt he had to make a record of having listened to LeMay, as he did on the whole question of an air strike against Cuba.And he had to sit there. I saw the President right afterwards. He was just choleric." It was <mask>'s calm demeanor and good judgment, wrote Robert F. Kennedy, that led his

masks: Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric


title: Roswell Gilpatric

texts:
 brother the President to rely on <mask>, especially in times of crisis. When Robert McNamara met the Brooklyn-born lawyer at Kennedy's suggestion, according to historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr., he found <mask> "easy, resourceful and intelligent, and the partnership was immediately sealed." <mask> made himself an "indispensable" figure in the Kennedy administration, wrote longtime JFK aide Ted Sorensen. As an attorney, <mask> represented aviation inventor and high-tech pioneer Sherman Fairchild, who left <mask> a bequest in his will.<mask> was awarded an honorary degree by Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine, citing his years of government service, as well as his part-time residency in Maine. Alleged lover of Jackie Kennedy
<mask> sometimes attracted the attention of the press in his personal life, and he was often linked romantically to former First Lady Jackie Kennedy. A fellow Wall Street attorney offered for sale in the 1970s a trove of personal letters between <mask> and the former First Lady. The correspondence spanned five years. The controversial airing of his private correspondence with the former First Lady so annoyed <mask> that he formally requested that four letters written to him by the wife of Aristotle Onassis be withdrawn for sale by the auction house as they had been stolen from his New York City law office at Cravath. After her marriage to Aristotle Onassis, Jackie Kennedy Onassis wrote to <mask>: "I hope you know all you were and are and will ever be to me. With my love, J."<mask> maintained that he and the former First Lady had been only friends, although he was her frequent escort and many press accounts suggested they had a romantic relationship. "In


title: Roswell Gilpatric

texts:
 private," said The Independent in its obituary, "he was widely believed to have been the lover of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis." Between marriages, <mask> had frequently accompanied the former First Lady to Palm Beach, Florida, where <mask> had a home. Watergate
Another strange twist involved <mask> after his death, when a 2008 book by former acting director of the FBI L. Patrick Gray alleged that <mask>, back in private practice and with Time magazine as a client at the time of the Watergate break-in, learned from sources at the magazine that a senior official at the FBI was leaking to Sandy Smith, one of its reporters. Gray claimed that outraged by such behavior, <mask> tipped off Nixon administration officials to the identity of the official. In Gray's version of events, <mask> called his acquaintance former Attorney General John Mitchell and told Mitchell that the informer was FBI official W. Mark Felt, the same official later identified by other sources to be Deep Throat. Mitchell in turn, Gray claimed, urged then-Attorney General Richard G. Kleindienst to pressure Gray to fire Felt.In early 2008, <mask>'s son John threw cold water on the claim. <mask> <mask> had never mentioned knowing John Mitchell, his son told The New York Times. But as recorded by the then-secret Nixon White House taping system, Nixon, Gray and chief domestic adviser John Ehrlichman appear to confirm Gray's version in a conversation recorded on February 16, 1973 as the three discussed the alleged press leaks by Mark Felt. During the discussion, Nixon suggested that they bring in Felt's accuser:

President: Well, why don't you get in the fellow that's made the charge, then. Ehrlichman: Well, maybe that's

masks: Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Roswell Gilpatric


title: Roswell Gilpatric

texts:
 (unintelligible)
President: Of course he's, of course he's, he's not a newsman, on the other hand. Ehrlichman: No. President: He's a lawyer...
Ehrlichman: That's right.President: ...for Time. Gray: I know who he is, Mr. President. Federal Reserve and philanthropy
<mask> served as chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and was a longtime trustee of the New York Public Library, New York University and the Woodrow Wilson Foundation. He also served as a vice chairman and trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and chaired the Metropolitan Museum of Art's 100th Anniversary Committee. <mask> was also a longtime member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He retired as partner with Cravath, Swaine & Moore, where he served as presiding partner from 1966 to 1977. <mask> had many clients; they included the Graham family of The Washington Post Company, on whose board of directors he sat.<mask> was also a lecturer at Yale Law School, and a member of Yale University Council from 1957 to 1962. Private life
For much of his life he lived on Sutton Place in Manhattan. An avid tennis player and sailor, <mask> had three children. He was married five times. At his death, he was married to Miriam Thorne <mask>, the widow of diplomat Landon Ketchum Thorne, Jr., father of Julia Thorne, first wife of United States Senator John F. Kerry. <mask> died of prostate cancer on March 15, 1996, in New York City, and was buried in Somesville, Mount Desert Island, Maine, where he had a summer home. <mask>'s papers during his government service are part of the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library.References

Further reading
 The Wise Men: Six Friends and the World They Made, (1986). Walter Isaacson,

masks: Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric Gilpatric


title: Roswell Gilpatric

texts:
 Evan Thomas, Simon and Schuster, New York,
 Allison, Graham (1971). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, 1ed. Little Brown. .
 Allison, Graham and Zelikow, Philip (1999). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, 2ed. Longman. . External links

Honorary Degree, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, 1963
Oral History Interview with <mask> <mask>, from the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library
Oral history interview with <mask> L<mask>, 1993 July 20-21 from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Archives, New York.United States Deputy Secretaries of Defense
Kennedy administration personnel
American people of the Vietnam War
20th-century American lawyers
New York (state) lawyers
Cravath, Swaine & Moore partners
Hotchkiss School alumni
Yale Law School alumni
Yale University alumni
People from Brooklyn
Leavitt family
1906 births
1996

masks:
Roswell
Gilpatric
Roswell
. Gilpatric


title: Santino Ferrucci

texts:
<mask> (born May 31, 1998) is an American professional racing driver. He competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 26 Toyota Supra for Sam Hunt Racing. He also competes part-time in the IndyCar Series, driving the No. 23 for Dreyer & Reinbold Racing. He has previously raced in the FIA Formula 2 Championship. Career

Lower formulae
At 14 years old, <mask> made his professional debut in the SBF2000 Winter Series season, winning three out of ten races in the season, with a further three podiums.In 2013 <mask> made a mid-season debut in the F2000 Championship Series, finishing 5th place in the championship. The following year the American competed in five races in German Formula Three for EuroInternational, scoring 2nd in his fourth. He also completed three races in British Formula 3 for Fortec Motorsport, scoring a pole and two wins as well as the end of European Formula 3 season, again for EuroInternational. <mask> is the youngest winner in British Formula 3 History

Reuniting with Fortec, <mask> participated in the Macau Grand Prix. <mask> finished the main race in 8th. FIA Formula 3 European Championship
At the start of the year, <mask> competed in the Toyota Racing Series for Giles Motorsport. <mask> finished the season 3rd overall, scoring his only win at Manfeild and scoring 5 other podiums.<mask> returned to European Formula 3, this time with Mücke Motorsport, finishing 11th overall and scoring his only podium in Formula 3 at Spa. At the end of the year, <mask> once again raced in the Macau Grand Prix, this time finishing 6th in the main race. GP3 Series
<mask> moved to the GP3 Series with newcomers DAMS. <mask>'s best result was a 3rd in the sprint race at Spa-Francorchamps and ended the season 12th in the standings. In February 2017, DAMS retained <mask> for a second GP3 season. He only competed in the first three events, and scored points in only the first two races, before making a switch to Formula 2. FIA Formula 2

masks:
Santino Michael Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci


title: Santino Ferrucci

texts:
 Championship
<mask> made his Formula 2 debut in Hungary and finished the remainder of the year with Trident, with ninth his best result for a race and 22nd in the season standings.For the 2018 season <mask> remained in Formula 2 for 2018, competing alongside Arjun Maini at Trident. In July, <mask> was banned from four F2 races (Hungary and Belgium) after making deliberate contact with his teammate Maini after the Sprint Race at Silverstone on the weekend of the British Grand Prix. He was also disqualified from the Sprint Race results at Silverstone for a separate incident when he deliberately forced Maini off the track. He was also found to have driven his car between the F2 and F1 paddock without one glove and while holding his phone, which resulted in a €6,000 fine. On July 18, <mask> was summarily fired by the Trident F2 team, citing behavioral issues, and non-payment of money required by contract. Trident alleged that money had been made available for the Detroit IndyCar race, whilst noting that <mask> had defaulted on F2 debt to them. An Italian court subsequently ordered <mask> to pay Trident €502,000, plus interest and legal fees, for failing to make payments.Six days later, Trident announced that their GP3 Series driver Alessio Lorandi would be his replacement for the rest of the season. <mask> finished 19th in the standings, with seven points and a best result of sixth in the Baku Sprint race. Formula One

After confirmation of <mask>'s entry into the 2016 GP3 Series, he became a test and reserve driver for the Haas F1 Team alongside Ferrari Driver Academy member and GP3 champion, Charles Leclerc. <mask> got his first taste of F1 machinery when he tested for Haas at Silverstone after the British Grand Prix. Haas retained <mask> as development driver for 2017 and 2018. IndyCar Series

2018
In June 2018, <mask> made his debut in the IndyCar Series at the Detroit Grand Prix for Dale Coyne Racing as a substitute for Pietro Fittipaldi. <mask> retired

masks: Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci


title: Santino Ferrucci

texts:
 from his first race after colliding with Charlie Kimball on lap 56.After his departure from Formula 2, <mask> contested the final two rounds of the IndyCar Series season with Dale Coyne Racing. 2019

<mask> signed with Coyne to contest the full 2019 IndyCar Series season driving the No. 19 Cly-Del Honda. In his season debut at the Grand Prix of St. Petersburg, <mask> recorded a Top-10 finish, bringing his car home in 9th position. At the Indianapolis Grand Prix, he posted his second Top-10 finish of the IndyCar season heading into preparations for his first Indianapolis 500 effort. After qualifying 23rd for the Indy 500, <mask> moved through the 33 car field to finish in 7th position, earning him Rookie of the Year honors in his first-ever race at the Indianapolis 500. Three races later, <mask> recorded his best career IndyCar finish by taking the checkered flag in 4th position at Texas Motor Speedway.2020
After teammate Sébastien Bourdais's departure from Dale Coyne Racing, <mask> moved to Bourdais's No. 18 SealMaster Honda for the 2020 season. He finished 4th at the Indianapolis 500, and scored five top 5s out of 14 races, to finish 13th in points. 2021
<mask> signed with Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing to run a third car sponsored by Hyvee at the 2021 Indianapolis 500. Ferucci drove the car to sixth place, the highest of any of the RLL drivers in the race. <mask>'s results at the Indy 500 earned him four additional drives with RLL at Detroit, Mid Ohio, and Nashville. <mask> recorded top-ten finishes at both races in Detroit as well as Mid Ohio but also crashed the #45 car in such a manner that the team could not fix it in time for the second Detroit race, forcing him to run with a car that used what was still drivable off of #45 car and Takuma Sato's backup/superspeedway car.<mask> expressed to Bobby Rahal that he would be open to a full-time return to IndyCar if Rahal were to give him a drive in the third RLL car. RLL ultimately chose Alpine Academy

masks: Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci Ferrucci


title: Santino Ferrucci

texts:
 driver Christian Lundgaard to drive their third car full time, ending <mask>'s tenure with the team. 2022
<mask> signed with Dreyer & Reinbold Racing to compete in the 2022 Indianapolis 500 alongside Sage Karam. NASCAR
On January 8, 2021, it was confirmed that <mask> would run a 20-race schedule piloting the No. 26 Toyota Supra for Sam Hunt Racing for the upcoming NASCAR Xfinity Series season. <mask> had limited stock car racing experience prior to NASCAR, with his lone foray being a super late model test with Fury Race Cars in 2020. Other racing
In January 2021, <mask> made his midget car racing debut in the Chili Bowl for Dave Mac Motorsports.He failed to finish his G Feature race and was classified in tenth. Personal life
<mask> was born in Woodbury, Connecticut, to Mike and <mask>. Growing up, his racing idol was Michael Schumacher. Controversy

In 2018, <mask> was deemed guilty of having deliberately used his vehicle as a weapon, intentionally colliding into fellow driver Arjun Maini in the aftermath of the Silverstone Formula 2 sprint race, subsequently having no-showed the steward's post-race hearing when called to account before penalized a two-race ban by the International Motor Sport Federation governing body, FiA. Following the race, his team Trident Racing released a series of tweets criticizing the behavior of <mask> and his father Michael towards Maini. <mask> was accused of systemic racism in the abuse of racially-charged epithets directed toward Maini, insulting his Indian heritage. <mask>  attempted a publicity stunt which violated international sporting code, attempting to compete for the purpose of a provocative, politically charged livery including the slogan "TRUMP -- Make America Great Again" in the two Silverstone heats, but was refused permission by race officials, advertising political in nature banned under the International Sporting Code.He was later fired from Trident due to sponsorship complications. Karting record

Karting

masks:
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Valerie Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci


title: Santino Ferrucci

texts:
 career summary

Racing record

Career summary

† As <mask> was a guest driver, he was ineligible to score championship points. * Season still in progress. Complete FIA Formula 3 European Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Complete Toyota Racing Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Complete GP3 Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

† Driver did not finish the race but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance. Complete FIA Formula 2 Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate points for the fastest lap of top ten finishers)

† Driver did not finish the race but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance. American open-wheel racing results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

IndyCar Series
(key)

Indianapolis 500

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time.* – Most laps led.) Xfinity Series

 Season still in progress
 Ineligible for series points

References

External links

1998 births
Living people
Racing drivers from Connecticut
American people of Italian descent
British Formula Three Championship drivers
FIA Formula 3 European Championship drivers
German Formula Three Championship drivers
Karting World Championship drivers
People from Woodbury, Connecticut
Toyota Racing Series drivers
GP3 Series drivers from the United States
FIA Formula 2 Championship drivers
IndyCar Series drivers
Indianapolis 500 drivers
Indianapolis 500 Rookies of the Year
Auto racing controversies
EuroInternational drivers
Fortec Motorsport drivers
Mücke Motorsport drivers
DAMS drivers
Trident Racing drivers
Dale Coyne Racing drivers
Rahal Letterman Lanigan


title: Hirooki Goto

texts:
 tournament, but were defeated in the final by veterans Gedo and Jado. In early 2005, he won the NJPW Young Lion Cup, defeating Hiroyuki Itō in the tournament final. After turning heel and joining Jyushin Thunder Liger's "Control Terrorism Unit" ("C.T.U.") stable, Goto adopted the ring name "C.T.U Ranger Red".He won his first championship on May 15, 2005, teaming with Minoru to defeat Koji Kanemoto and Wataru Inoue in the Tokyo Dome for the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship. The duo held the titles for nine months, losing to El Samurai and Ryusuke Taguchi on February 19, 2006 in Tokyo. Foreign excursion (2006–2007)
In 2006, <mask> joined the American Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) promotion as a member of Team Japan (consisting of CTU members <mask>, Jyushin Thunder Liger, Black Tiger and Minoru), one of the four teams competing in the TNA 2006 World X Cup Tournament. He debuted in TNA on April 23, 2006 at Lockdown, where he teamed with Black Tiger and Minoru against Team USA members Sonjay Dutt, Jay Lethal and Alex Shelley. Team Japan defeated USA when Black Tiger pinned Lethal. On the April 27, 2006, episode of TNA Impact!, <mask> and Minoru lost to Dutt and Shelley, giving a first round victory and two points to Team USA. On May 14, 2006 at Sacrifice, <mask> and the other members of Team Japan accompanied Liger to ringside, assisting him in his victory over Team Canada captain Petey Williams.Later that night, all four members of Team Japan took part in a gauntlet match that was won by Team Canada

masks: Goto Goto Goto Goto


title: Hirooki Goto

texts:
 captain Petey Williams. The 2006 World X Cup was won by Team USA (with five points), with Team Japan coming last with three points. On August 1, 2006, <mask> left for a lengthy learning excursion to Mexico after losing in a farewell match at the CTU 2nd Anniversary Show. While in Mexico he wrestled primarily for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre and for Último Dragón's Toryumon Mexico. During his time in Mexico, he formed a rudo unit Hajime Ohara and Shigeo Okumura in CMLL. RISE (2007–2009)
In August 2007, <mask> returned to New Japan after his almost one-year stay in Mexico. Upon his return, the now much more muscular Goto graduated from a Jr. heavyweight to a Heavyweight.Goto showed a great deal of promise and skill since last seen in July 2006. He showcased a whole new moveset and he quickly tried to establish himself as one of the top Heavyweights in New Japan. Not that far into his return Goto join the Stable "R.I.S.E" with Shinsuke Nakamura, Travis Tomko, Giant Bernard, and fellow former CTU teammates Minoru, Milano Collection AT, and Prince Devitt. On November 11, he challenged Hiroshi Tanahashi for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, but after a long and hard-fought match, Tanahashi would win with the Texas Cloverleaf. Shortly after that Goto entered the 2007 G1 Tag League with Milano Collection AT, but the pair would finish in third place. In 2008 Goto wrestled one of his childhood idols, The Great Muta at New Japan's annual January 4 Tokyo Dome Show. Although having a good showing, Goto would fall to

masks: Goto Goto


title: Hirooki Goto

texts:
 Muta.<mask>'s progress was good through 2008 but a surprise victory in New Japan's prestigious G1 Climax in August surpassed everyone's expectations. Goto earned 8 points in Block B, tied for first with Nakamura, but he advanced to the final due to a direct win over the former IWGP champion and RISE leader. Meeting Togi Makabe in the final, Goto overcame outside interference and blood loss to defeat the leader of the Great Bash Heel (G.B.H.) faction, pinning him with the Shouten. In March 2009 <mask> defeated Karl Anderson, Shinsuke Nakamura, Yuji Nagata and Giant Bernard to win the 2009 New Japan Cup and earn a shot at Hiroshi Tanahashi's IWGP Heavyweight Championship. On May 3, 2009, at Wrestling Dontaku 2009, Tanahashi defeated <mask> to retain the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. Tournament wins (2010–2013)
On January 4, 2010, at Wrestle Kingdom IV in Tokyo Dome, Takashi Sugiura successfully defended his GHC Heavyweight Championship against <mask>.In March, <mask> defeated Yujiro Takahashi, Masato Tanaka and Togi Makabe to win the 2010 New Japan Cup for the second year in a row. Goto went on to challenge the IWGP Heavyweight Champion Shinsuke Nakamura on April 4, but would once again fail in his attempt to win the title. On June 28, 2010, <mask>, teaming up with Prince Devitt and Ryusuke Taguchi entered the J Sports Crown Openweight 6 Man Tag Tournament. Two days later the trio defeated Hiroshi Tanahashi, Tajiri and Kushida in the finals to win the tournament. During August's G1 Climax Goto debuted a new finishing

masks: Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: maneuver, a cross-legged cradle, which he initially titled as Goto Special but was later renamed Goto-Shiki Hold (Goto Style Hold), has earned him pinfall victories over former IWGP Heavyweight Champions Yuji Nagata and Shinsuke Nakamura, but a loss to eventual G1 winner Satoshi Kojima on the final day of the tournament dropped him fourth in his block, narrowly missing the finals. On October 11 <mask> defeated Shinsuke Nakamura to earn the right to challenge for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. However, the reigning IWGP Heavyweight Champion Satoshi Kojima vetoed the result of the match and named Nakamura his first challenger for the belt.On December 11, while Kojima successfully defended his title against Nakamura, <mask> was derailed from his quest to win the IWGP Heavyweight Championship with a loss against Hiroshi Tanahashi. The following day Kojima defeated <mask> in a non–title match, ending <mask>'s dream of main eventing Wrestle Kingdom V in Tokyo Dome. Instead, <mask> teamed with the returning Kazuchika Okada in a tag team match, where they were defeated by Pro Wrestling Noah representatives Yoshihiro Takayama and Takashi Sugiura. On March 6 <mask> began his quest to win his third New Japan Cup in a row, but was defeated in the first round by Shinsuke Nakamura. On March 20, the final day of the tournament, <mask> turned heel by abandoning IWGP Heavyweight Champion Hiroshi Tanahashi during a tag team match against Satoshi Kojima and MVP. This marked Goto's final appearance for New Japan, before leaving for

masks: Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: his second excursion to Mexico. <mask> made his return to CMLL on March 25 and would, for the next month, work for the promotion as a heel, culminating in a match on April 29 at Arena México's 55th anniversary show, where he unsuccessfully challenged Último Guerrero for the CMLL World Heavyweight Championship in a Two Out of Three Falls match.<mask> returned to New Japan on May 3, when he teamed with Tama Tonga to defeat Takashi Sugiura and Makoto Hashi in a tag team match. Later in the event, <mask> attacked and declared a war on Hiroshi Tanahashi after he had successfully defended the IWGP Heavyweight Championship against Shinsuke Nakamura. <mask> would once again fail in his IWGP Heavyweight Championship challenge on June 18, 2011. After the match, <mask> and Tanahashi seemingly made peace with each other, with Tanahashi suggesting that they go for the IWGP Tag Team Championship together. On June 23, <mask>, Prince Devitt and Ryusuke Taguchi won their second J Sports Crown Openweight 6 Man Tag Tournament in a row by defeating the team of Giant Bernard, Jyushin Thunder Liger and Karl Anderson in the finals of the three-day-long tournament. On July 3 <mask> and Tanahashi failed in their attempt to capture the IWGP Tag Team Championship from Giant Bernard and Karl Anderson. On August 1, <mask> entered the 2011 G1 Climax, where he went on to win six out of his nine matches, but a loss to Strong Man on the final day of the tournament dropped him to second place in his block, causing him to narrowly miss the finals of

masks: Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: the tournament.In the 2011 G1 Tag League, <mask> teamed with Hiroshi Tanahashi as "The Billion Powers". After picking up two wins and two losses in their first four matches in the group stage of the tournament, <mask> and Tanahashi defeated the Beast Combination (Satoshi Kojima and Togi Makabe) on November 4 to advance to the semifinals of the tournament. On November 6, <mask> and Tanahashi were eliminated from the tournament in the semifinals by Bad Intentions. On November 12 at Power Struggle, <mask> unsuccessfully challenged Masato Tanaka for the IWGP Intercontinental Championship. On January 4, 2012, at Wrestle Kingdom VI in Tokyo Dome, <mask> reignited his rivalry with Pro Wrestling Noah's Takashi Sugiura, defeating him in a singles match. On February 12 at The New Beginning, <mask> defeated Masato Tanaka to win the IWGP Intercontinental Championship for the first time. <mask> made his first title defense on March 11, defeating Yujiro Takahashi.On April 1, Goto entered the 2012 New Japan Cup. After victories over Yujiro Takahashi, La Sombra and Togi Makabe, Goto defeated Hiroshi Tanahashi on April 8 in the finals to win the tournament for the third time and earn another shot at the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. On May 3 at Wrestling Dontaku 2012, Goto unsuccessfully challenged Kazuchika Okada for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. On May 20, <mask> made his second successful defense of the IWGP Intercontinental Championship against Tomohiro Ishii. On July 22, <mask> lost the title to Shinsuke Nakamura in his

masks: Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto


title: Hirooki Goto

texts:
 third defense. On October 8 at King of Pro-Wrestling, <mask> received a rematch for the title, but was again defeated by Nakamura. On November 11 at Power Struggle, Goto unsuccessfully challenged Kazuchika Okada for the right to challenge for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship at the Tokyo Dome.From November 20 to December 1, <mask> took part in the round-robin portion of the 2012 World Tag League, alongside Karl Anderson under the team name "Sword & Guns". The team finished with a record of four wins and two losses, finishing second in their block and advancing to the semifinals of the tournament. On December 2, <mask> and Anderson defeated Tencozy (Hiroyoshi Tenzan and Satoshi Kojima) to advance to the finals of the tournament, where, later that same day, they defeated the reigning IWGP Tag Team Champions, K.E.S. (Davey Boy Smith Jr. and Lance Archer), to win the tournament. Sword & Guns received their shot at the IWGP Tag Team Championship on January 4, 2013, at Wrestle Kingdom 7 in Tokyo Dome, but were defeated in a rematch by K.E.S. Storyline with Katsuyori Shibata (2013–2015)
In February 2013, Goto made a challenge towards former high school classmate Katsuyori Shibata, which led to a tag team match on February 10, where he and Wataru Inoue were defeated by Shibata and Kazushi Sakuraba. Afterwards, <mask> and Shibata had a heated confrontation, building to a future singles match between the two.In March, <mask> once again made it to the finals of the New Japan Cup, before losing to Kazuchika Okada. <mask> and


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: Shibata finally faced off in a singles match on May 3 at Wrestling Dontaku 2013, which ended in a draw. A rematch between the two took place on June 22 at Dominion 6.22, where Shibata was victorious. A third match between the two on July 20 ended in another draw. During early August, <mask> participated in the 2013 G1 Climax. On August 8, however, it was revealed that <mask> had suffered a fractured jaw and was pulled from the tournament. He was leading the A block with four wins (which included a big win over IWGP Heavyweight Champion Kazuchika Okada) and two losses and had  three matches left when he was pulled from the G1.<mask> returned on December 8, challenging Katsuyori Shibata to a match at Wrestle Kingdom 8 in Tokyo Dome. On January 4, 2014, <mask> defeated Shibata in his return match. The match ended the rivalry between <mask> and Shibata and led to the two forming a tag team. The following day, <mask> scored the pinfall in an eight-man tag team main event against Chaos, after which he challenged Kazuchika Okada to a match for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. On February 11 at The New Beginning in Osaka, <mask> received his seventh shot at the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, but was yet again unsuccessful in capturing the title. Afterwards, <mask> and Shibata entered the IWGP Tag Team Championship picture, defeating the reigning champions, Bullet Club (Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson), in a non-title match at New Japan's 42nd anniversary event on March 6. They received their title shot on April 6 at


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: Invasion Attack 2014, but were defeated by Gallows and Anderson.From July 21 to August 8, <mask> took part in the 2014 G1 Climax, where he finished with a record of four wins and six losses. During the tournament final event on August 10, <mask> and Shibata faced off in another singles match, where Shibata was victorious. <mask> then entered a storyline, where he started leading a counterattack against the Bullet Club and Chaos stables, with the goal of revitalizing the New Japan Seikigun ("regular army"), which he represented alongside the likes of Shibata and Hiroshi Tanahashi. On November 8 at Power Struggle, <mask> received his first shot at the NEVER Openweight Championship, but was defeated by the defending champion, Tomohiro Ishii. Later in the month, <mask> and Shibata entered the 2014 World Tag League, where they opened with a three match losing streak, only to come back and win their four remaining matches, winning their block and advancing to the finals. On December 7, <mask> and Shibata defeated Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson in the finals to win the 2014 World Tag League. This led to a rematch between the two teams on January 4, 2015, at Wrestle Kingdom 9 in Tokyo Dome, where <mask> and Shibata defeated Anderson and Gallows to become the new IWGP Tag Team Champions.<mask> and Shibata's reign ended in their first defense on February 11 at The New Beginning in Osaka, where they were defeated by Anderson and Gallows. On March 8, <mask> and Shibata once again faced off in the second round of the 2015 New


title: Hirooki Goto

texts:
 Japan Cup in a match, where Goto was victorious. <mask> eventually made it to the finals of the tournament on March 15, where he was defeated by Kota Ibushi. On May 3 at Wrestling Dontaku 2015, <mask> defeated Shinsuke Nakamura to win the IWGP Intercontinental Championship for the second time. <mask> made his first title defense on July 5 at Dominion 7.5 in Osaka-jo Hall, defeating Nakamura in a rematch. From July 23 to August 15, <mask> took part in the 2015 G1 Climax. After six victories, one of which came over reigning IWGP Heavyweight Champion Kazuchika Okada, Goto entered the final day with a chance to advance from his block, but was eliminated after suffering his third loss of the tournament against Yuji Nagata.Through NJPW's working relationship with the Ring of Honor (ROH) promotion, <mask> returned to the United States on August 21, teaming with Jay Briscoe and Mark Briscoe in a six-man tag team match, where they defeated Okada, Beretta and Rocky Romero. <mask>'s Intercontinental Championship reign ended on September 27 at Destruction in Kobe, when he was defeated by Shinsuke Nakamura in another title rematch. Chaos (2016–present)

After defeating Tetsuya Naito on January 4, 2016, at Wrestle Kingdom 10 in Tokyo Dome, <mask> received his eighth shot at the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, but yet again failed to win the title, being defeated by the defending champion, Kazuchika Okada, on February 11 at The New Beginning in Osaka. <mask> went into the match with new attire, painting his body white and covering


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: himself with script. Following the match, Okada offered Goto a spot in the Chaos stable. Over the next several events, Okada tried to shake hands with Goto and get him to join Chaos on multiple occasions, but was turned down each time. In March, <mask> made it to the finals of the 2016 New Japan Cup, but was defeated there by Tetsuya Naito.After the final match, Goto finally agreed to shake hands with Okada, after he saved him from a post-match assault by Naito and his Los Ingobernables de Japón stable, and joined Chaos. From July 18 to August 12, <mask> took part in the round-robin portion of the 2016 G1 Climax, where he won his block, besting both Hiroshi Tanahashi and reigning IWGP Heavyweight Champion Kazuchika Okada, with a record of six wins and three losses, advancing to the finals. On August 14, <mask> was defeated in the finals by Kenny Omega. At the end of the year, <mask> took part in the 2016 World Tag League, teaming with Chaos stablemate Tomohiro Ishii. The two finished the tournament with a record of four wins and three losses, failing to advance to the finals due to losing to block winners Togi Makabe and Tomoaki Honma in their final round-robin match. On January 4, 2017, at Wrestle Kingdom 11 in Tokyo Dome, <mask> defeated Katsuyori Shibata to win the NEVER Openweight Championship for the first time. <mask> made his first successful title defense on February 5 at The New Beginning in Sapporo against Juice Robinson.His second defense took place at the NJPW and ROH co-produced Honor Rising: Japan 2017


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: event, where he defeated ROH wrestler Punisher Martinez. On April 9 at Sakura Genesis 2017, <mask> made his third successful defense against Zack Sabre Jr., despite outside interference from Sabre's Suzuki-gun stablemates Minoru Suzuki and El Desperado. Afterwards, Goto brawled with Suzuki, setting up his next title defense. On April 27, <mask> lost the NEVER Openweight Championship to Suzuki. On June 11 at Dominion 6.11 in Osaka-jo Hall, he failed to reclaim the title in a rematch against Suzuki in a Lumberjack Deathmatch. The following month, <mask> entered the 2017 G1 Climax, where he finished with a record of five wins and four losses, failing to advance from his block. At the end of the year, <mask> teamed with Yoshi-Hashi in the 2017 World Tag League.Finishing with a record of four wins and three losses, the team failed to qualify for the finals, after losing to Evil and Sanada in their final round-robin match. On January 4, 2018, <mask> defeated Minoru Suzuki in a Hair vs. Hair match to win the NEVER Openweight Championship, forcing Suzuki to have his head shaved bald. On January 5, 2018, at New Year's Dash, he was challenged to a title match by Evil, which he accepted. The match took place on February 10, 2018 at The New Beginning in Osaka, where <mask> was victorious. On February 23, 2018, <mask> made his second successful defense of the NEVER Openweight Championship against The Beer City Bruiser at the NJPW and ROH co-produced Honor Rising: Japan 2018 event. On April 27, 2018, at Road to Wrestling Dontaku,


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: <mask> made his third successful defense of the NEVER Openweight championship in a rematch with Juice Robinson.On June 9, 2018 at Dominion 6.9 in Osaka-jo hall, Goto lost the NEVER Openweight Championship to Michael Elgin in a 3-way match which also involved Taichi, ending his second reign at 156 days. On June 17, 2018 at Kizuna Road, <mask> defeated Elgin in a rematch for the NEVER Openweight Championship to win back the title <mask> made his first successful title defence against Jeff Cobb at G1 Special in San Francisco. From July 14 to August 12 <mask> took part in the G1 Climax 2018 and he ended up with 3 wins and 6 losses, failing to advance to the finals. On the final day of the G1 Climax, a returning Taichi later challenged him for the NEVER Openweight Championship, which Goto accepted. On September 17, at Destruction in Beppu, <mask> lost the NEVER Openweight Championship to Taichi in his second defense. On October 27, <mask> requested for a rematch for the NEVER Openweight Championship, replacing his Chaos stablemate Will Ospreay, who was scheduled to challenge Taichi at Power Struggle for the title but was unable to do so due to Ospreay suffering an injury. Taichi, however, waved off <mask>'s challenge and declined immediately.Despite this, the title match was eventually still set at Power struggle which took place on November 3. At the event, <mask> defeated Taichi to win the NEVER Openweight Championship for the fourth time. <mask> would lose the belt to Kota Ibushi on December 9, without having any


title: Hirooki Goto

texts: defenses. 2019 would see Goto change effectively. After some massive losses, including one to Jay White on April 29, <mask> would travel to the United States to train under Shibata's LA Dojo system to improve as he also briefly wrestled for Ring of Honor during their War Of The Worlds series. From July 6 until August 11, 2019, <mask> returned and took part in the 2019 G1 Climax, where he finished the tournament with a record of five wins (one against Jay White) and four losses, failing to advance to the finals of the tournament, due to losing to Shingo Takagi in their head-to-head match. <mask> would avenge his loss to Shingo at September's Destruction in Kobe however.In the same event, he would challenge White for his newly won Intercontinental Championship, although White repeatedly refused, the match was set up anyway for Power Struggle, where <mask> would lose. From November 16 until December 8, <mask> and Karl Fredericks took part in the 2019 World Tag League, failing to win the tournament with a record of three wins and twelve losses. Afterward, <mask> began feuding with KENTA. Throughout the 2019 World Tag League, KENTA began mocking Goto after his matches, leading <mask> to attack him on November 29. Despite being attacked by Goto, KENTA continued to mock Goto leading him to attack KENTA again on December 8. At a press conference the following day, Goto drew the ire of KENTA, after calling into question his in-ring abilities, leading KENTA to return the favor and attack him. On January 5, 2020, on the second