title: Neil Young (footballer, born 1944)

texts: season, with 7 goals in 45 appearances. Manchester City finished the 1966–67 season in mid-table, and continued in a similar vein at the start of the 1967–68 season, failing to win in their first three matches. A tactical switch saw <mask> and Mike Summerbee moved inside, and <mask> scored two goals in City's first win of the season, 4–2 against Southampton. Four more wins followed immediately, including a 2–0 win against Newcastle United in which <mask> scored a goal and missed a penalty. <mask> remained at inside-forward for the rest of the season. Following the arrival of striker Francis Lee and a long unbeaten run, Manchester City entered the New Year as potential title contenders. In mid-March, a 5–1 win against Fulham in which <mask> scored two goals took Manchester City top of the table.The lead changed hands several times in the following six weeks, but as the teams entered the final round of fixtures, Manchester City travelled to Newcastle knowing a win would guarantee the championship. <mask> scored twice and had another disallowed as Manchester City won 4–3 to win the title, the first major honour of <mask>'s career. <mask> also finished the season as the club's highest goalscorer with 20 goals. The following season, Manchester City did not challenge for the title. However, they found more success in the FA Cup. <mask> played in every round as the club reached the 1969 FA Cup Final. The opponents in the final were Leicester City.As Leicester were struggling against relegation Manchester City were strong favourites. However, the game was a close affair. Midway through the first half, Mike Summerbee crossed the ball from the right, and <mask> hit a left foot shot past Peter Shilton into the roof of the net. The match finished 1–0, <mask>'s goal

masks: Young Young Young Young Young Young Young Young Young Young Young


title: Neil Young (footballer, born 1944)

type: original

texts: winning the Cup for Manchester City. Cup success continued in 1969–70. The club reached and won the League Cup Final, though <mask>, who had played in all but one of the preceding rounds, was left out of the team for the final. A second final followed a month later, this time in European competition in the form of the European Cup Winners' Cup.City faced Polish club Górnik Zabrze in the final, held at Prater Stadium in Vienna. <mask> scored the opening goal, from a rebound after a save by Hubert Kostka. Shortly before half-time <mask> was fouled in the penalty area by Kostka, and Francis Lee scored the resulting penalty. City won the match 2–1 to become the first English team to win a European and domestic trophy within the same season. In late 1970, <mask>'s brother, Chris died aged 31, an event which affected <mask> deeply. His performances for Manchester City suffered as a result. He played approximately half the matches in the 1970–71 season, scoring only two goals.In the following season, he featured only rarely, and made his last appearance for the club on 16 October 1971, as a substitute against Leeds United. In total, <mask> scored 86 goals from 334 league games for Manchester City. He was transferred to Second Division club Preston North End for £48,000 during the 1971–72 season. He made his debut for the club in a 0–0 draw against Birmingham City. He made 68 league appearances and scored 18 goals for the Deepdale club, but left after the club were relegated in the 1973–74 season. He finished his senior career with Rochdale, where he spent the 1974–75 season. <mask>, widely regarded as one of Manchester City's most important players of the modern era, though not as celebrated nationally as teammates Colin Bell, Francis Lee and Mike Summerbee, was

masks: Young Young Young Young Young Young Young


title: Neil Young (footballer, born 1944)

texts:
 inducted into the Manchester City Hall of Fame in 2008.Personal life
<mask> married his first wife, Margaret, when he was 19. The couple had a son and two daughters, and divorced in 1982. He also had a daughter with his second wife, Susan. <mask> married his third wife, Carmen, in 2003, having lived with her since 1989. After retiring from football <mask> had many different jobs, including removals, managing a sports shop, delivering milk, working in a supermarket, and selling insurance. In his spare time he maintained his fitness by playing badminton, and after winning local tournaments, played the sport for Cheshire. During much of this period he struggled financially, to the point where he had to sell the family home and move in with his mother.Deeply depressed at this point in his life, he attempted suicide. From the mid-1990s <mask> coached school football teams in the area around his Cheshire home. <mask> was diagnosed with terminal cancer in late 2010. Following a supporter campaign, Manchester City dedicated their FA Cup tie at Leicester on 9 January 2011 to <mask>. Supporters wore red and black (the colours City wore in the 1969 final against Leicester), with proceeds from specially made scarves being split between <mask> and Wythenshawe Hospital. He died on 3 February 2011, just two weeks shy of his 67th birthday. Career statistics
Source:

Honours
Manchester City
 First Division: 1967–68
 Second Division: 1965–66
 FA Cup: 1968–69
 FA Charity Shield: 1968–69
 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1969–70

References

Bibliography

1944 births
2011 deaths
People from Fallowfield
English footballers
Association football forwards
Manchester City F.C.players
Preston North End F.C. players
Rochdale A.F.C. players
English Football League players
FA


title: Chetana Nagavajara

texts:
<mask> ( , born 19 July 1937) is a Professor Emeritus of German language at Silpakorn University, a public university in Thailand. He was Dean of Faculty of Arts (1976–1979) and Vice President of that university (1979–1981) and also served in various government-appointed roles for higher education administrations in the country. As a scholar, his early work includes comparative literature and German literature. He authored books and articles for general and academic audiences in his mother-tongue, Thai as well as English and German. Through his writings and public talks, <mask> is later known in Thailand for his contributions to the arts criticism movement and his voice and leadership in the field of the humanities. Early life and academic career
<mask> was born in Bangkok, Thailand as the youngest of six children. Both his father and mother were school teachers.His father, Thanom () or Khun Chamnikhabuansat () was a principal at  and was instrumental in establishing a Thai classical band at  and also a teacher of Western classical music. <mask> and all of his male siblings attended Debsirin School. He graduated from the school in 1954 and secured the first place in the national matriculation examination for arts students. Nagavajara completed his first year at the Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University and received a Thai Government Scholarship to pursue further studies in the UK. He spent three years in Manchester preparing for his university admission. Nagavajara obtained a B.A. with Honours in Modern Languages from Cambridge University.He later moved to Germany in 1961 to study under the supervision of Kurt Wais. Nagavajara received his Dr.phil. (magna cum laude) in Comparative Literature from University of Tübingen in 1965. He received honorary doctorates
from Prince of Songkla University in 1998, Srinakharinwirot University in 2001, Chulalongkorn University in 2004, Mae Fah Luang University in

masks:
Chetana Nagavajara
Nagavajara
Chetana Nagavajara
Chetana


title: Chetana Nagavajara

texts:
 2005,
Chiang Mai University in 2006 and University of Tübingen in 2009. Granting a second doctorate to the same person in this way was unprecedented at the University of Tübingen and his case has set precedent. <mask>'s first placement in Thailand was at the Ministry of Education in 1968. He later moved to Sanam Chandra Palace campus of Silpakorn University in Nakhon Pathom.As one of the first-generation academic staff at the campus, Nagavajara founded the German Department in 1968. He temporarily left the university to become deputy director of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Secretariat (SEAMEO Secretariat) under the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) for 2 years. Afterwards, <mask> returned to the University in 1976 as Dean of the  and remained in that position until 1979. During his time in the university, he was also a Vice President for Academic Affairs and Development Planning (1979–1981). Later in 1983, he was promoted to full professor. Nagavajara was twice visiting scholar at
University of Michigan-Ann Arbor in 1985 and 1992 and Fulbright Visiting Professor at the University of California, Berkeley in the academic year 1989–1990. He retired as a senior professor (level 11) in 1997 and was appointed Emeritus Professor of German at the university.After official retirement from full-time public service, Nagavajara still continues contributing to the academia by serving on government commissions, university councils and leading research projects after his official retirement. Work and influences

German and comparative literature
<mask>'s 1965 doctoral dissertation discusses August Wilhelm Schlegel's leading role in French literary criticism in 1807–1835. The thesis written in German was later published as his first book in 1966 by the German publisher  in Tübingen. The thesis turned monograph was praised for its role as an impartial literary mediator between France

masks: Nagavajara Nagavajara Nagavajara


title: Chetana Nagavajara

texts:
 author also featured him as the main character with a new batch of primary level students. The adventures of a grandfather and children in field trips to Wat Pho, National Gallery, Bang Lamphu, Amphawa and Spirit Cave at Pang Mapha and attempts to instill appreciation of the arts and their native roots were the main themes in the two books. Frequent reference to Siam Devadhiraj by the grandfather to express his frustration and various remarks on grandfather's connections to Germany in the two books were inspired by unique characters of Nagavajara.Humanities education and Thai higher education
<mask> writes extensively about humanities education and higher education in Thailand. His first book on a humanities theme "For survival of the humanities" was published in 1989 and sequels to the first, "Humanities in crisis: a Thai case study" and "Standpoint of humanities" were published in 1995 and 2015 respectively from collection of his essays. For higher education in general, he published essays in a book "Papers on Education" as early as 1981 and continues to present his views and ideas on higher education for decades. His lecture "From (Selfless) Giving to Commodification: The Dilemma of Higher Education" (2013) and "Cultural Consciousness: the Foundation of Thai Higher Education" (2017) given at the workshops "Deans for Change" were published as books by the Knowledge Network Institute of Thailand (KNIT) and were later included in two of his other books. In addition to his roles as deputy director of the SEAMEO Secretariat, Dean of Faculty of Arts, Vice President of Silpakorn University, Nagavajara was a member of the University Council at
Ubon Ratchathani University (1993–2003),
Prince of Songkla University (2008–2012) and
Mahidol University (2008–2016). He was a member of the Governing Board of Ministry of State University Affairs (, ) for more than a decade (1987–1990, 1992–2002). As Thai higher education


title: Chetana Nagavajara

texts:
 making a transition into autonomous universities, the board was changed into Civil Servant Commission in Higher Education Institutions (, ) and he continued to serve as a member (2005–2009).These appointments to high-profile public positions were royally endorsed by the King and published in the Government Gazette of Thailand. In an interview with Bangkok Post in 1998, he said that it is not that he want to remain a civil servant (, ) but it is his sense of gratitude for the Thai Government's scholarship he received for his education in Europe. Nagavajara's guiding principle that he always share with younger Thai scholarship recipients is "Scholarships may be paid back (either through years of service or even in cash), but indebtedness (to those anonymous tax payers who finance your education) is inexhaustible." (, )

In 2011, Nagavajara chaired a committee at Mahidol University that produced a manual recognizing 22 types of academic products in humanities, social science and the arts for the purpose of academic promotion. The manual provide details and clarity for the interpretation of the Thai Ministry of Education rules for academic promotion of tertiary instructors which were nationally standardized and enacted for the first time in 2007. Influences
Apart from his doctoral advisor, Kurt Wais, and long-term mentor,  in Germany, his arts and literary criticism was influenced by Charles Baudelaire, Bertolt Brecht, Albert Camus, Neville Cardus, Reinhold Grimm, Alexander von Humboldt, F. R. Leavis, Ekavidya Nathalang, Ronald Peacock, , Friedrich Schiller, , René Wellek. He and his young colleagues were instrumental in carrying out the higher education ideal of a collegiate system conceived by ML Pin Malakul, former Minister of Education and former president of Silpakorn University.Personal life
He is married to Tasanee <mask>, a professor of French, Chulalongkorn University. They have one son, Tasana, a


title: Bernard Wolfe

texts:
<mask> (New Haven, Connecticut, August 28, 1915 – Calabasas, California, October 27, 1985) was an American writer. Biography
<mask> entered Yale University at 16 and graduated in 1935 with a degree in psychology. He then enrolled for a few months’ additional study at Yale's Graduate Division of General Studies. In 1936 he taught at Bryn Mawr’s summer College of Women Trade Unionists. He moved to New York and between 1936 and 1938 contributed to Trotskyist journals, such as The Militant and The New International. In New York City the American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky was looking for an English-speaking secretary to assist Trotsky in Mexico. <mask>’s friend Arthur Mizener, a professor at Yale, provided funds, and in 1937 <mask> travelled to Mexico, where he worked for eight months as Trotsky’s bodyguard and secretary, acting as the liaison between Trotsky and the John Dewey Commission investigation into the Moscow Trials.Between 1937 and 1939 <mask> occasionally worked in the Merchant Marines. In 1939 he moved to Greenwich Village, where he eventually drifted away from the Trotskyite movement and met Anais Nin and Henry Miller. Through them he found employment writing pornographic novels (11 in 11 months) for the private collection of Roy Melisander Johnson, an Oklahoma oil millionaire. He credited his pornographic output with teaching him to write to specified lengths while facing deadlines: "I acquired the work discipline of a professional writer, capable of a solid daily output." In 1941 he was the assistant night editor for Paramount Newsreel for a few weeks. In 1943 and 1944 he wrote war-related science articles for Popular Science Monthly and Mechanix Illustrated. He eventually became the editor of the latter magazine.In 1946 he collaborated with the jazz musician Mezz Mezzrow

masks:
Bernard Wolfe
Wolfe
Wolfe
Wolfe
Wolfe


title: Bernard Wolfe

texts:
 in writing Mezzrow's autobiography, Really the Blues. The book was a popular success, introducing the mass audience to aspects of black culture. It received a flattering notice in Billy Rose's syndicated column  in October of that year and in 1947 <mask> was hired as ghost writer for Billy Rose’s syndicated column. <mask> worked on a further study of "negro" culture in America, which was never published, but excerpts were published in American magazines in 1949 and 1950, translated for Jean-Paul Sartre’s Les Temps modernes and quoted by Frantz Fanon. In 1950 he had psychoanalysis with Dr. Edmund Bergler. <mask> would return in his fiction to Bergler’s idea of "psychic masochism". Bergler's ideas of frigidity and the importance of the vaginal orgasm recur in <mask>'s presentation of female sexuality.In 1951 he published a short story, "Self-Portrait", in Galaxy. Its themes of cybernetics, artificial limbs and prostheses, computerised warfare, masochism and voluntary amputeeism would all be expanded upon in his first published novel, Limbo (1952). Because the novel was set in the then-distant future of 1990, the original British edition is entitled Limbo '90. The publisher claimed that <mask> had written "the first book of science-fiction to project the present-day concept of 'cybernetics' to its logical conclusion". David Pringle selected Limbo for inclusion in his book Science Fiction: The 100 Best Novels. J.G. Ballard praised <mask>'s "lucid intelligence" and claimed Limbo helped encourage him to start
writing fiction.Boucher and McComas, however, received the novel poorly, calling it "pretentious hodgepodge" and describing its theme as "a symbolically interesting idea . . . never developed with consistent or convincing details." P. Schuyler Miller gave Limbo a mixed review, describing it as a

masks: Wolfe Wolfe Wolfe Wolfe Wolfe Wolfe


title: Bernard Wolfe

texts: "colossus of a novel" while faulting its "endless talk." His novel The Late Risers, Their Masquerade (1954), the title of which plays on Herman Melville’s The Confidence-man: His Masquerade, is about the hustlers, actors and drug dealers who people late-night New York City. In 1955 and 1956 he wrote a number of television plays, some of which drew upon his experiences with Trotsky and as a ghost writer. His 1956 teleplay Five Who Shook the Mighty, a dramatization of the trial of five Romanians who had captured the Romanian Communist legation in Switzerland, was the subject of protests by the Romanian embassy but was given a special award by the Crusade for Freedom. He wrote a monthly column in 1957 for Nugget, a men's magazine.His third novel, In Deep (1957), is a thriller featuring espionage, socialist hipsters and decades-old Communist vendettas played out in Cuba. The Great Prince Died (later republished as Trotsky Dead) (1959) was a roman a clef about the events surrounding the assassination of Trotsky (called Victor Rostov in the novel). The book was well received by critics and reviewers, though many expressed doubts about the mixture of fact and fiction in the book. Trotskyites were highly critical of the book, particularly of <mask>'s theme that Trotsky's guilt about the Kronstadt rebellion was transformed into a masochistic death wish. A partial dramatization of The Great Prince Died on Turnley Walker's 1959 book program First Meeting  was instrumental in bringing <mask> to live in California. The Magic of Their Singing (1961) is another novel about New York City's counterculture, as university graduate Hoyt Fairliss explores the world of the beats and nonconformists. In 1960 he began publishing stories in Playboy magazine, which paid him a retainer for a first option on his short work.In

masks: Wolfe Wolfe


title: Bernard Wolfe

texts: 1961 it was announced that <mask> was writing an (unproduced) screenplay for Tony Curtis about Hugh Hefner and  Playboy magazine. In 1963 it was announced that <mask> was writing the (unproduced) screenplay adaptation of Henry Miller's Tropic of Cancer. Come On Out, Daddy was published in 1963, an expansion of bitter stories recently published in Playboy and Cavalier (as Andrew Foxe) about Gordon Rengs, a novelist and screenwriter, and his tawdry adventures in Hollywood. A short story collection, Move Up, Dress Up, Drink Up, Burn Up was published in 1968. In the late 1960s he taught at UCLA. Harlan Ellison solicited two stories ("The Girl with Rapid Eye Movements", about Gordon Rengs and the generation gap) to appear in his 1972 science fiction anthology, Again, Dangerous Visions. <mask> wrote an autobiography, Memoirs of a Not Altogether Shy Pornographer (1972), the title of which alludes to Kenneth Patchen’s Memoirs of a Shy Pornographer.His novel Logan’s Gone (1974), a return to the character of Gordon Rengs, features contemporary politics with campus protests and Vietnam veterans. In 1974 <mask> signed a seven-book contract with a recently formed Los Angeles publisher, Wollstonecraft Inc. Unfortunately the publisher suffered financial troubles, and <mask> published no books after this. It remains uncertain whether several books may or may not have been printed, particularly because of variant titles used in a 1974 Publishers Weekly article. The Great Prince Died was republished with emendations as Trotsky Dead. A novel entitled Full Disclosure and advertised to appear in 1975 as an “international suspense novel highlighting moral conflicts among the men who hold the keys to government secrets” may be the Watergate–inspired novel Lies, whose publication corresponds with Wollstonecraft's 1975

masks: Wolfe Wolfe Wolfe Wolfe Wolfe


title: Bernard Wolfe

texts:
 schedule, about an undercover government agent whose marriage falters as does his faith in the work he does. Julie: The Life and Times of John Garfield (or Body and Soul: The Life and Death of John Garfield), a biography of the actor by <mask> and Edward Medard was advertised in several trade journals throughout 1975 and 1977 but its publication is uncertain.A novel, Blood Money, and a collection of essays and reviews, Men Not Quite Without Women, were never published. In 1975 he collaborated with Michael Blankfort on a play, Karl and Arthur, about Karl Marx and Arthur Rimbaud. Throughout the 1970s articles and profiles  noted a lengthy novel that <mask> was writing about the Delano grape strike. In 1969 <mask> had conducted a series of UCLA lectures on the proletarian novel, and the Delano grape strike had been employed as background in several of the stories in Move Up, Dress Up, Drink Up, Burn Up. <mask> married the actress Dolores Michaels in Los Angeles on June 30, 1960. The marriage was her second and his first. The remained married until his death on Oct. 27, 1985.Death certificate lists Michaels as spouse at death. They had twin daughters, Jordan M. and Miranda I., born in Los Angeles on July 23, 1970. <mask> died of a heart attack at the Motion Picture and Television Hospital. Uncle Remus and the Malevolent Rabbit (Commentary, July 1949)
 Ecstatic in Blackface: The Negro as a Song-and-Dance Man (Modern Review, January 1950)
 War Bonds: More Delusions of Security (as Christopher Bliss, The American Mercury, April 1951)
 Are Taxes Making Liars of Us All? (as Christopher Bliss, The American Mercury, March 1952)
 Angry at What? (The Nation, 1 November 1958)
 The Man Who Murdered Trotsky (Coronet, July 1959)
 The 'Darks' Against the 'Lights' (Esquire, April 1960)
 Manners and Morals on the


title: Bernard Wolfe

texts:
 Sunset Strip (Esquire, August  1961)
 Swimming in Red Ink (Playboy, July 1964)
 Interview with Henry Miller (Playboy, September 1964)
 A Pair of Jokers and an Ace," (Sunday Herald Tribune, 25 July 1965). The Man Called I-l-l-y-a (The New York Times, October 24, 1965)
 The Step After Muscle (Cosmopolitan, February 1966).30 Years After Stalin's Great Purge (New York Times, September 18, 1966)
 The Trouble with Harry (World Journal Tribune, 26 March 1967). The 10 Percenters Of Hollywood (New York Times, June 18, 1967)
 Our Generation Gap: Dialogue with the Mutant Young (Los Angeles Times, 6 August 1967)
 The Real-Life Death of Jim Morrison (Esquire, June 1972)
 Dearth in the Evening (Works in Progress #7, 1972)
 Swiftie the Magician: Rendering the Fad of the Camelot Myth (Los Angeles Times, 22 September 1974)
 review of ‘The Electronic Battlefield’ by Paul Dickson (Books West Magazine, Volume 1 #2, 1976)

Short stories
Many of his short stories were published by Playboy Magazine, and two stories placed in Harlan Ellison's Again, Dangerous Visions anthology. "The Never Ending Penny", originally published in Playboy Magazine, 1960

References

David Galloway "An Erratic Geography: The Novels of <mask>," Critique: Studies in Modern Fiction, VII (Spring 1964)
John Leonard, "Whatever Happened to <mask>?" New York magazine 22 April 1968

External links

  (primarily under '<mask>, <mask>, 1915–' without '1985')
 Bernard <mask> Papers. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. 1915 births
1985 deaths
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
American sailors
American science fiction writers
Writers from New Haven, Connecticut
American male short story writers
20th-century American short story writers
20th-century American male writers
Novelists from

masks:
Bernard Wolfe
Bernard Wolfe
Wolfe
Bernard
Wolfe


title: Lois Wille

texts:
<mask> (; née Kroeber; September 19, 1931 – July 23, 2019) was a Chicago-based journalist, editor, and author. She won her first of two Pulitzer Prizes in 1963 for a series on local government's failure to provide contraceptive information and services to low-income women. Her stories led to a number of important policy changes in women's healthcare, public housing, and the juvenile court systems. In 1989, she received her second Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing. Early life
<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1931 to architect Walter and homemaker Adele, née Taege. She had one younger brother, Donald. Soon after she was born, she moved with her family to Arlington Heights, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago.Wille's maternal ancestors were of German descent, and lived in Chicago since the 1800s. Her mother was born in Arlington Heights. Wille's father was born in Leipzig, Germany, and moved to America in 1924 after finishing college. Wille described her father as “an intellectual…[who] loved mathematics, science, archaeology and transmitted a lot of that to my brother and to me.” Her mother “did…the things that a mother and homemaker did in the thirties and forties…but also early on developed a great interest in politics and civic affairs and later in her life she was one of the most avid listeners of talk shows and radio and readers of newspapers. I think she read newspapers more thoroughly than I did.”

Wille attended a Lutheran grammar school and Arlington Heights High School before attending Northwestern University, where she received both a bachelor's degree and master's degree from the university's Medill School of Journalism, Media, Integrated Marketing Communications in 1953 and 1954, respectively. Wille won the Northwestern Alumnae Award in 1986. While a senior at Northwestern, Wille was the managing editor of the campus newspaper, The Daily Northwestern.She also was involved

masks:
Lois Jean Wille
Wille


title: Lois Wille

texts:
 her as "standard-bearer for women, a remarkably adroit writer-thinker-editor who is tough and dogged without losing her femininity." Doug Kneeland, Wille's deputy editorial page editor, wrote of his colleague: "No question. If <mask> were running Chicago, it would be a better place. Fairer, more decent, more honest, more demanding and more giving, preserving the best part of its past, while reaching out eagerly to make even more of its future—for all of its people.”

Columnist Mike Royko, Wille's colleague at the Daily News, Sun-Times, and Tribune, described Wille as having "no weaknesses as a journalist", stating: "Over the years, I've seen lots of Pulitzer prize winners in action, but I have never seen anyone who is superb at everything, except <mask>. She's brilliant, with the best analytical mind I've ever seen.She's a superb writer, great reporter, marvelous organizer. If she had been a man she could have been editor of the Chicago Daily News and Sun-Times." Wille's two books were Forever Open, Clear, and Free: The Struggle for Chicago’s Lakefront (1991) and At Home in the Loop: How Clout and Community Built Chicago's Dearborn Park (1998), ISBN 0-8093–2126-2. Personal life
Wille met her husband, Wayne, also an editor and journalist, in a journalism class at Northwestern. They were married in 1954, the same year Wille received her master's degree. They had no children. Death

Wille died on July 23, 2019 in Chicago after suffering a severe stroke.References

1931 births
2019 deaths
20th-century American journalists
20th-century American women writers
American people of German descent
American women journalists
Chicago Daily News people
Chicago Sun-Times people
Chicago Tribune people
Deaths from cerebrovascular disease
Pulitzer Prize winners for journalism
Journalists from Illinois
Medill School of Journalism alumni
Northwestern University alumni
Writers from Chicago
21st-century

masks:
Lois Wille
Lois


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts:
<mask>na <mask> (, ; born 22 May 1986) is a Ukrainian-born Russian pair skater. With Maxim Trankov, she is the two-time 2014 Olympic champion in the pairs and in team events, the 2013 World champion, a four-time (2012, 2013, 2014 and 2016) European champion, the 2012 Grand Prix Final champion, and a three-time (2011, 2013 and 2016) Russian national champion. They have also won six events on the Grand Prix series. <mask> competed for Ukraine with Petr Kharchenko in 2000–04 and with Stanislav Morozov in 2004–10. She and Morozov are four-time Ukrainian national champions (2005, 2007, 2008 and 2010) and finished as high as fourth at the World Championships. In December 2010 she was granted expedited Russian citizenship, as both her parents are Russian. <mask> and Trankov are the historic World record holders for the short program, before the scoring change in the 2018–19 season.They are the first figure skaters to win two gold medals at the same Olympics, having taken gold in pairs and in the inaugural team event. Early years
Volosozhar began skating at the age of four. The instructors at her skating class were initially dismissive, saying she was overweight, but gave her three months and eventually agreed to keep her. At age 14, she switched from singles to pairs, to her father's dismay. As a junior, Volosozhar skated for four years with Petr Kharchenko. They trained in Dnipropetrovsk in very poor conditions until they were able to move to Kyiv in 2003; Volosozhar was accompanied by her mother. Their coach in Kyiv was Galina Kukhar.The pair won several medals on the Junior Grand Prix circuit and were the Ukrainian national champions in 2004. That same season,

masks:
Tatiana Andreyеv
Volosozhar
Volosozhar
Volosozhar


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts:
 they finished fifth at Junior Worlds and 14th at senior Worlds. They split at the end of the 2003–04 season. Partnership with Morozov

<mask> and Stanislav Morozov teamed up prior to the 2004–05 season and were coached by Galina Kukhar. In their first season together, they were silver medalists at the Winter Universiade and finished fifth at the European Championships. <mask>/Morozov began the 2005–06 season with a win at the 2005 Karl Schäfer Memorial and placed 12th at the 2006 Winter Olympics. In 2006–07, the pair finished fifth again at the European Championships and fourth at the World Championships.During the 2007–08 season, Volosozhar/Morozov came close to winning a medal at the European Championships but placed ninth at the World Championships. At the end of the season, the pair changed coaches and began working with Ingo Steuer in Chemnitz, Germany. Conditions in Ukraine had steadily deteriorated until there was only one good rink, although Morozov said reaching it was not simple, "You can't get to the entrance; you need to jump over holes, it's like a precipice." After moving to train in Chemnitz, they won their first Grand Prix medals—silver at the 2008 Cup of China and bronze at the 2008 Cup of Russia—and qualified for the 2008–09 Grand Prix Final, where they placed fourth. They also placed fourth at the 2009 European Championships and were sixth at the 2009 World Championships. In the 2009–10 season, Volosozhar/Morozov won a bronze medal at the 2009 Cup of China and silver at the 2009 Skate America. They again placed fourth at the European Championships and then came in eighth at the 2010 Winter Olympics.Morozov retired from competition before

masks: Volosozhar Volosozhar


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts:
 the 2010 World Championships. The pair performed in shows together in the spring of 2010. Partnership with Trankov

Beginnings
Volosozhar decided to continue her competitive career. In March 2010, rumors emerged that she might team up with Maxim Trankov. Trankov later said that he had been interested in skating with Volosozhar since 2006. The head of the Ukrainian trainers' council admitted there were no partners for her in the country who could compete at a high level, and on 14 May 2010, it was reported that Ukraine would not interfere with her decision to compete for Russia. Russian coach Ludmila Velikova confirmed that Russia had attempted years earlier to persuade Volosozhar to skate under its colors, however, the Ukrainian skating federation believed she would be successful with Stanislav Morozov.Volosozhar left her previous training base in Germany to train in Moscow, beginning training with Trankov the week of 17 May. They are coached by Nina Mozer. Stanislav Morozov is their assistant coach, helping them with their elements. Igor Tchinaev was their short program choreographer, with Nikolai Morozov choreographing the long program. Nikolai Morozov also worked with them on their stroking to reduce energy loss. The pair had some differences in technique—<mask> had to change pace on the entry to the twist as well as adapt to a different hold during throw jumps, while Trankov had to adjust his jumps to match his new partner. 2010–2011 season
Volosozhar/Trankov initially performed in domestic Russian cup events and other tests.In late December 2010, they won gold at the 2011 Russian Championships, defeating Yuko Kavaguti / Alexander Smirnov, the reigning


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts: national champions and World bronze medalists. Per ISU regulations, <mask> was barred from international competition for one year from her last event representing Ukraine, the 2010 Winter Olympics. As a result, the pair missed much of the 2010–11 season, including the Grand Prix series and the European Championships. She became eligible for international competition on 16 February 2011, in time for the Mont Blanc Trophy, where the pair competed in order to meet the ISU's minimum technical score requirements for the World Championships. They did so easily and won the event by a sizable margin. The pair decided to fly in early for the World Championships and landed in Tokyo three hours before the earthquake. The event was rescheduled and moved to Moscow.At the 2011 World Championships, <mask>/Trankov placed third in the short program, second in the free skate, and won the silver medal behind 2009 champions Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy and ahead of the defending champions, Qing Pang / Jian Tong. It was the first World medal for both partners. The pair are one of few in modern times to reach the World podium in their first season together and in their first appearance at a major international event. Media coverage of the event noted their fast development and their potential for the future. <mask> said, "We didn't even think about the silver medal (before Worlds). We thought, maybe we can get the bronze. The result was completely unexpected for us.The most impressive moment of the championships was how enthusiastic the spectators were even before our short program, and I'll never forget how they gave us a standing ovation after the free program."

masks: Volosozhar Volosozhar Volosozhar


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts:
 Volosozhar/Trankov rebounded to place first in the free skate with a new personal best score of 140.90 in the segment.With a total score 0.11 points less than Savchenko/Szolkowy, they won their second World silver medal and received a small gold medal for the free skate. 2012–2013 season

In preparation for the 2012–13 season, the pair spent nearly three months in the U.S. in the summer of 2012 and then spent some time training in Italy. <mask>/Trankov won both of their Grand Prix assignments, the 2012 Skate America and the 2012 Cup of Russia, and qualified for the 2012–13 Grand Prix Final in Sochi, Russia. At the Final, they were first in the short program, second in the long program, and won the gold medal ahead of Russian teammates Vera Bazarova / Yuri Larionov. Volosozhar/Trankov then won their second national title, at the 2013 Russian Championships. Trankov's father died of a sudden heart attack on 20 January 2013, a few days before the 2013 European Championships; an official confirmed the pair would compete at the event. They placed first in both programs and won the gold medal with a total score of 212.45—more than seven points ahead of silver medalists Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy.At the post-event press conference, <mask> said, "It is difficult to raise the mood at this time, but I am glad we made the decision to compete here." <mask>/Trankov spent some time training in West Orange, New Jersey just prior to the 2013 World Championships in London, Ontario. In March, the pair won their first World title, placing first in both programs and finishing 20.15 points overall ahead of Savchenko/Szolkowy. They set a new pairs' world record in the


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts:
 free skate and combined score (225.71 points) and became Russia's first pairs gold medalists since 2005 when Totmianina/Marinin won the World title. At their first team event, the 2013 World Team Trophy, <mask>/Trankov placed first in pairs and Team Russia finished fourth overall. 2013–2014 season
<mask>/Trankov trained in Moscow, Sochi, West Orange, New Jersey, and Italy in preparation for the 2013–14 season and planned to perform in a reduced number of shows. The pair started their season with gold at the 2013 Nebelhorn Trophy, breaking their own world record scores and scoring a total of 231.96 points.They also won gold at their two Grand Prix events, the 2013 Skate America and 2013 NHK Trophy. At Skate America, <mask>/Trankov broke their world records again—posting scores of 83.05 (SP), 154.66 (FS), and 237.71 (total)—while at the NHK Trophy they obtained a total of 236.49 points. Having qualified for their third Grand Prix Final, they were second to Savchenko/Szolkowy in Fukuoka, Japan, and then took the gold medal at the 2014 European Championships in Budapest, Hungary. <mask>/Trankov were sent to the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi and assigned to the short program in the inaugural team event. The pair placed first in their segment and Team Russia went on to win the gold medal. Volosozhar/Trankov broke their world record again in the pairs skate, posting a score of 84.17 to come in first in the short program and placed first in the free skate with an overall score of 236.86 points, winning the gold medal by more than 18.18 points from silver medalists, teammates Ksenia Stolbova and Fedor Klimov. <mask>/Trankov received the Order "For Merit to the

masks: Volosozhar Volosozhar Volosozhar Volosozhar Volosozhar


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts:
 Fatherland" 4th class with Russian President Vladimir Putin handing the state awards.2014–2015 season
For the 2014–2015 Grand Prix season, <mask> and Trankov were assigned to Skate America and Rostelecom Cup. However, the pair ultimately decided to withdraw due to Trankov's shoulder injury that will require a surgery. They decided to sit out the whole season for Trankov's surgery rehabilitation. 2015–2016 season
For the 2015–2016 Grand Prix season, after sitting out the previous season, <mask> and Trankov returned to competition at the 2015 Nebelhorn Trophy where they won the gold medal with a score of 202.79 points. They were assigned to the 2015 Trophée Éric Bompard and the 2015 NHK Trophy as their Grand Prix events. <mask> and Trankov were first in the short program at the Trophee Eric Bompard, a result that became final after the second day of the competition was cancelled in the wake of the November 2015 Paris attacks. They withdrew from the NHK Trophy after she suffered an injury in practice.Recovering from her injury, <mask> and Trankov decided to compete at the 2016 Russian Championships scheduled on December 24–27 in Ekaterinburg, Russia. They placed first in both the short program and free skate to win their third national title. On January 27–31, <mask> and Trankov competed at the 2016 European Championships in Bratislava, Slovakia,
took their fourth European title with a total of 222.66 points, outclassing the second-place finishers, Germans Aliona Savchenko and her new pairs partner Bruno Massot, by more than 22 points. 2016–2017 season
<mask> and Trankov decided to skip the season, and announced they were expecting a baby. Personal

masks: Volosozhar Volosozhar Volosozhar Volosozhar Volosozhar Volosozhar


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts:
 life
<mask> was born in Dnipropetrovsk, Ukrainian SSR, to parents of Russian origin — her mother was born in Kaliningrad and her father in Nizhny Tagil. Her father is in the army and she also has a sister. Her first language is Russian and she also understands Ukrainian very well, although she does not speak it perfectly.Volosozhar was eligible for expedited Russian citizenship, which she received in December 2010. Volosozhar also communicates in English. In February 2015, it was publicly announced that she and her skating partner, Maxim Trankov became engaged. They got married on 18 August 2015. On 23 September 2016, Volosozhar confirmed that she and Trankov were expecting their first child, a daughter, due February 2017. On 16 February 2017, <mask> gave birth to their daughter, Angelica Maximovna <mask>-Trankova. On 27 January 2021, Volosozhar confirmed that she and Trankov were expecting their second child, a son, due end of May/early June 2021.On 27 May 2021, <mask> gave birth to their son, Theodore Maximovich. Records and achievements
 First pair skaters in history to win both the Olympics gold medal in pairs and in the inaugural team event. First pair skaters to break the 220 mark in the overall score, achieved at the 2013 World Championships (225.71). First pair skaters to break the 230 mark in the overall score, achieved at the 2013 Nebelhorn Trophy (231.96). First pair skaters to break the 80 mark in the short program, achieved at the 2013 Nebelhorn Trophy (81.65). First pair skaters to break the 150 mark in the free skate, achieved at the 2013 Nebelhorn Trophy (150.31). Former world record holder for the pairs' combined total score, achieved at

masks: Volosozhar Tatiana Volosozhar Tatiana


title: Tatiana Volosozhar

texts:
 the 2013 Skate America (237.71) and held the record to 22 March 2018.Current world record holder for the pairs' short program score, achieved at the 2014 Winter Olympics (84.17). Former world record holder for the pairs' free skating score, achieved at the 2013 Skate America (154.66) and held the record to 11 November 2017. List of world record scores set by Volosozhar/Trankov

Programs

With Trankov

With Morozov

With Kharchenko

Competitive highlights

With Trankov for Russia

With Morozov for Ukraine

With Kharchenko for Ukraine

Detailed results
(Small medals for short and free programs awarded only at ISU Championships — Worlds, Europeans, and Junior Worlds. At team events, medals awarded for team results only.) With Trankov

References

External links

 Official blog (Russian)

 <mask> and Maxim Trankov: The ideal pair (English)

Ukrainian female pair skaters
Russian female pair skaters
Olympic figure skaters of Ukraine
Olympic figure skaters of Russia
Figure skaters at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Figure skaters at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Figure skaters at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Figure skaters at the 2007 Winter Universiade
1986 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Dnipro
Medalists at the 2007 Winter Universiade
World Figure Skating Championships medalists
European Figure Skating Championships medalists
Medalists at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic medalists in figure skating
Olympic gold medalists for Russia
Season-end world number one figure skaters
Season's world number one figure skaters
Naturalised citizens of Russia
Ukrainian emigrants to Russia
Universiade medalists in figure skating
Universiade silver medalists for Ukraine
Russian


title: Bram Stoker

texts:
<mask> (8 November 1847 – 20 April 1912) was an Irish author, best known today for his 1897 Gothic horror novel Dracula. During his lifetime, he was better known as the personal assistant of actor Sir Henry Irving and business manager of the Lyceum Theatre, which Irving owned. Early life
Stoker was born on 8 November 1847 at 15 Marino Crescent, Clontarf, on the northside of Dublin, Ireland. The park adjacent to the house is now known as Bram Stoker Park. His parents were <mask> (1799–1876) from Dublin and Charlotte Mathilda Blake Thornley (1818–1901), who was raised in County Sligo. Stoker was the third of seven children, the eldest of whom was <mask>, 1st Bt. Abraham and Charlotte were members of the Church of Ireland Parish of Clontarf and attended the parish church with their children, who were baptised there.Abraham was a senior civil servant. Stoker was bedridden with an unknown illness until he started school at the age of seven, when he made a complete recovery. Of this time, Stoker wrote, "I was naturally thoughtful, and the leisure of long illness gave opportunity for many thoughts which were fruitful according to their kind in later years." He was educated in a private school run by the Reverend (William Woods). After his recovery, he grew up without further serious illnesses, even excelling as an athlete at Trinity College, Dublin, which he attended from 1864 to 1870. He graduated with a BA in 1870, and pursued his MA in 1875. Though he later in life recalled graduating "with honours in mathematics", this appears to have been a mistake.He was named University Athlete, participating in multiple sports, including playing rugby for Dublin University. He was auditor of the College Historical Society (the Hist) and president of the University Philosophical Society (he remains the only student in Trinity's history to hold both positions), where

masks:
Abraham Stoker
Abraham Stoker
Sir Thornley Stoker


title: Bram Stoker

texts:
 his first paper was on Sensationalism in Fiction and Society. Early career
Stoker became interested in the theatre while a student through his friend Dr. Maunsell. While working for the Irish Civil Service, he became the theatre critic for the Dublin Evening Mail, which was co-owned by Sheridan Le Fanu, an author of Gothic tales. Theatre critics were held in low esteem, but he attracted notice by the quality of his reviews. In December 1876, he gave a favourable review of Henry Irving's Hamlet at the Theatre Royal in Dublin. Irving invited Stoker for dinner at the Shelbourne Hotel where he was staying, and they became friends.Stoker also wrote stories, and "Crystal Cup" was published by the London Society in 1872, followed by "The Chain of Destiny" in four parts in The Shamrock. In 1876, while a civil servant in Dublin, Stoker wrote the non-fiction book The Duties of Clerks of Petty Sessions in Ireland (published 1879) which remained a standard work. Furthermore, he possessed an interest in art, and was a founder of the Dublin Sketching Club in 1879. Lyceum Theatre

In 1878, Stoker married Florence Balcombe, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel James Balcombe of 1 Marino Crescent. She was a celebrated beauty whose former suitor had been Oscar Wilde. Stoker had known Wilde from his student days, having proposed him for membership of the university's Philosophical Society while he was president. Wilde was upset at Florence's decision, but Stoker later resumed the acquaintanceship, and, after Wilde's fall, visited him on the Continent.The Stokers moved to London, where Stoker became acting manager and then business manager of Irving's Lyceum Theatre, London, a post he held for 27 years. On 31 December 1879, <mask> and Florence's only child was born, a son whom they christened Irving Noel Thornley Stoker. The collaboration with Henry Irving was important for


title: Bram Stoker

texts:
 Stoker and through him he became involved in London's high society, where he met James Abbott McNeill Whistler and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (to whom he was distantly related). Working for Irving, the most famous actor of his time, and managing one of the most successful theatres in London made Stoker a notable if busy man. He was dedicated to Irving and his memoirs show he idolised him. In London, Stoker also met Hall Caine, who became one of his closest friends – he dedicated Dracula to him. In the course of Irving's tours, Stoker travelled the world, although he never visited Eastern Europe, a setting for his most famous novel.Stoker enjoyed the United States, where Irving was popular. With Irving he was invited twice to the White House, and knew William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt. Stoker set two of his novels in America, and used Americans as characters, the most notable being Quincey Morris. He also met one of his literary idols, Walt Whitman. <mask>r in Cruden Bay

Stoker was a regular visitor to Cruden Bay in Scotland between 1893 and 1910. His month-long holidays to the Aberdeenshire coastal village provided a large portion of available time for writing his books. Two novels were set in Cruden Bay: The Watter's Mou' (1895) and The Mystery of the Sea (1902).He started writing Dracula there in 1895 while in residence at the Kilmarnock Arms Hotel. The guest book with his signatures from 1894 and 1895 still survives. The nearby Slains Castle (also known as New Slains Castle) is linked with <mask> and plausibly provided the visual palette for the descriptions of Castle Dracula during the writing phase. A distinctive room in Slains Castle,  the octagonal hall, matches the description of the octagonal room in Castle Dracula. Writings

Stoker visited the English coastal town of Whitby in 1890, and that visit was said to be part of the inspiration

masks:
Bram Stoke
Bram Stoker


title: Bram Stoker

texts: comments about Vlad III in the author's working notes. Dracula is an epistolary novel, written as a collection of realistic but completely fictional diary entries, telegrams, letters, ship's logs, and newspaper clippings, all of which added a level of detailed realism to the story, a skill which Stoker had developed as a newspaper writer. At the time of its publication, Dracula was considered a "straightforward horror novel" based on imaginary creations of supernatural life. "It gave form to a universal fantasy ... and became a part of popular culture." Stoker was a deeply private man, but his almost sexless marriage, his admiration of Walt Whitman, Henry Irving, Hall Caine, and Oscar Wilde, as well as the perceived homoerotic aspects of Dracula, have led to scholarly speculation that he was a repressed homosexual who used his fiction as an outlet for his sexual frustrations.In 1912, he demanded imprisonment of all homosexual authors in Britain: it has been suggested that this was to disguise his own vulnerability. According to the Encyclopedia of World Biography, Stoker's stories are today included in the categories of horror fiction, romanticized Gothic stories, and melodrama. They are classified alongside other works of popular fiction, such as Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, which also used the myth-making and story-telling method of having multiple narrators telling the same tale from different perspectives. According to historian Jules Zanger, this leads the reader to the assumption that "they can't all be lying". The original 541-page typescript of Dracula was believed to have been lost until it was found in a barn in northwestern Pennsylvania in the early 1980s. It consisted of typed sheets with many emendations, and handwritten on the title page was "THE UN-DEAD." The author's name was shown at the bottom as <mask>.Author Robert Latham remarked:


title: Bram Stoker

texts:
 "the most famous horror novel ever published, its title changed at the last minute." The typescript was purchased by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen. Stoker's inspirations for the story, in addition to Whitby, may have included a visit to Slains Castle in Aberdeenshire, a visit to the crypts of St. Michan's Church in Dublin, and the novella Carmilla by Sheridan Le Fanu. Stoker's original research notes for the novel are kept by the Rosenbach Museum and Library in Philadelphia. A facsimile edition of the notes was created by Elizabeth Miller and Robert Eighteen-Bisang in 1998. Stoker at The London Library
Stoker was a member of The London Library and it is here that he conducted much of the research for Dracula. In 2018, the Library discovered some of the books that Stoker used for his research, complete with notes and marginalia.Death

After suffering a number of strokes, Stoker died at No. 26 St George's Square, London on 20 April 1912. Some biographers attribute the cause of death to overwork, others to tertiary syphilis. His death certificate named the cause of death as "Locomotor ataxia 6 months", presumed to be a reference to syphilis. He was cremated, and his ashes were placed in a display urn at Golders Green Crematorium in north London. The ashes of Irving Noel <mask>, the author's son, were added to his father's urn following his death in 1961. The original plan had been to keep his parents' ashes together, but after <mask>'s death, her ashes were scattered at the Gardens of Rest.Beliefs and philosophy
Stoker was raised a Protestant in the Church of Ireland. He was a strong supporter of the Liberal Party and took a keen interest in Irish affairs. As a "philosophical home ruler", he supported Home Rule for Ireland brought about by peaceful means. He remained an ardent monarchist who believed that Ireland should remain within the British

masks:
Stoker
Florence Stoker


title: Bram Stoker

texts:
 Empire, an entity that he saw as a force for good. He was an admirer of Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone, whom he knew personally, and supported his plans for Ireland. Stoker believed in progress and took a keen interest in science and science-based medicine. Some of Stoker's novels represent early examples of science fiction, such as The Lady of the Shroud (1909).He had a writer's interest in the occult, notably mesmerism, but despised fraud and believed in the superiority of the scientific method over superstition. Stoker counted among his friends J.W. Brodie-Innis, a member of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, and hired member Pamela Colman Smith as an artist for the Lyceum Theatre, but no evidence suggests that Stoker ever joined the Order himself. Although Irving was an active Freemason, no evidence has been found of Stoker taking part in Masonic activities in London. The Grand Lodge of Ireland also has no record of his membership. Posthumous
The short story collection Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories was published in 1914 by Stoker's widow, <mask>, who was also his literary executrix. The first film adaptation of Dracula was F. W. Murnau's Nosferatu, released in 1922, with Max Schreck starring as Count Orlok.<mask> eventually sued the filmmakers, and was represented by the attorneys of the British Incorporated Society of Authors. Her chief legal complaint was that she had neither been asked for permission for the adaptation nor paid any royalty. The case dragged on for some years, with Mrs. Stoker demanding the destruction of the negative and all prints of the film. The suit was finally resolved in the widow's favour in July 1925. A single print of the film survived, however, and it has become well known. The first authorised film version of Dracula did not come about until almost a decade later when Universal Studios released

masks:
Florence Stoker
Florence Stoker


title: Bram Stoker

texts:
 Tod Browning's Dracula starring Bela Lugosi. Dacre Stoker
Canadian writer Dacre <mask>, a great-grandnephew of <mask>, decided to write "a sequel that bore the Stoker name" to "reestablish creative control over" the original novel, with encouragement from screenwriter Ian Holt, because of the Stokers' frustrating history with Dracula's copyright.In 2009, Dracula: The Un-Dead was released, written by Dacre <mask> and Ian Holt. Both writers "based [their work] on <mask>'s own handwritten notes for characters and plot threads excised from the original edition" along with their own research for the sequel. This also marked Dacre <mask>'s writing debut. In spring 2012, Dacre <mask> (in collaboration with Elizabeth Miller) presented the "lost" Dublin Journal written by <mask>, which had been kept by his great-grandson Noel Dobbs. Stoker's diary entries shed a light on the issues that concerned him before his London years. A remark about a boy who caught flies in a bottle might be a clue for the later development of the Renfield character in Dracula. Commemorations
On 8 November 2012, Stoker was honoured with a Google Doodle on Google's homepage commemorating the 165th anniversary of his birth.An annual festival takes place in Dublin, the birthplace of <mask>r, in honour of his literary achievements. The 2014 Bram Stoker Festival encompassed literary, film, family, street, and outdoor events, and ran from October 24 to 27 in Dublin. The festival is supported by the Bram Stoker Estate and funded by Dublin City Council and Fáilte Ireland. Jefferson, NC & London: McFarland. Articles
 "Recollections of the Late W. G. Wills", The Graphic, 19 December 1891
 "The Art of Ellen Terry", The Playgoer, October 1901
"The Question of a National Theatre", The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXIII, January/June 1908
"Mr. De Morgan's Habits of Work", The World's Work,

masks:
Stoker
Bram Stoker
Stoker
Bram Stoker
Stoker
Stoker
Bram Stoker
Bram Stoke


title: Bram Stoker

texts:
 Vol. XVI, May/October 1908
"The Censorship of Fiction", The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol.LXIV, July/December 1908
"The Censorship of Stage Plays", The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXVI, July/December 1909
"Irving and Stage Lightning", The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXIX, January/June 1911

Critical works on Stoker
William Hughes, Beyond Dracula: <mask>'s Fiction and Its Cultural Context (Palgrave, 2000)
Belford, Barbara. <mask>: A Biography of the Author of Dracula. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1996. Hopkins, Lisa. <mask>r: A Literary Life.Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Murray, Paul. From the Shadow of Dracula: A Life of <mask>r (London: Jonathan Cape, 2004)
Senf, Carol. Science and Social Science in <mask>r's Fiction (Greenwood, 2002). Senf, Carol. Dracula: Between Tradition and Modernism (Twayne, 1998). Senf, Carol A. <mask> (University of Wales Press, 2010).Shepherd, Mike. When Brave Men Shudder: the Scottish origins of Dracula (Wild Wolf Publishing, 2018). Skal, David J. Something in the Blood: The Untold Story of <mask>r (Liveright, 2016)

Bibliographies
William Hughes <mask>r – Victorian Fiction Research Guide

References

External links

h2g2 article on <mask>r

 Archival material at

Dracula
1847 births
1912 deaths
19th-century Irish male writers
20th-century Irish male writers
19th-century Irish novelists
20th-century Irish novelists
19th-century Irish short story writers
20th-century Irish short story writers
Auditors of the College Historical Society
Dublin University Football Club players
Irish horror writers
Irish male short story writers
Irish Anglicans
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
People from Clontarf, Dublin
Irish male novelists
Victorian novelists
Golders Green Crematorium
Irish fantasy writers
Writers of Gothic fiction
Ghost story writers
Irish theatre critics
The Daily

masks:
Bram Stoker
Bram Stoker
Bram Stoke
Bram Stoke
Bram Stoke
Bram Stoker
Bram Stoke
Bram Stoke
Bram Stoke


title: Rich Folkers

texts:
<mask> (born October 17, 1946) is a former left-handed Major League Baseball pitcher who played from  to  with the New York Mets, St. Louis Cardinals, San Diego Padres and Milwaukee Brewers. He was  tall and weighed . The draft
Even before entering professional baseball, <mask> was a highly touted athlete. He attended both Ellsworth Community College and Parsons College, and was originally drafted by the San Francisco Giants in the fourth round of the  draft. Deciding not to sign, he was drafted by the Chicago White Sox and New York Mets in  at different times. The White Sox chose him in the third round, while the Mets took him in the first. The 20th pick overall of the secondary phase draft of 1967, <mask> decided to sign with the Mets.The minors
Folkers saw a large amount of success in the minors. From 1967 to 1970, for example, his earned run average in a minor league season never rose above 3.19. In , he had perhaps the best season of his entire professional career: Although his record wasn't too outstanding (13–9), he posted an ERA of 2.41 in 27 games, striking out 142 and walking only 48 in 168 innings. He missed the 1969 season while serving in the U.S. military. First glimpse of the majors
Folkers got his first glimpse of the majors in 1970. On June 10, at the age of 23, Folkers pitched two solid innings in relief, giving up only one hit and allowing no runs. The success he witnessed in that game did not carry over to the rest of the games he pitched in that year.In 16 games that year in the majors, his ERA was 6.44. He also walked 25 batters and only struck out 15 in 29.1 innings of work. Back to the

masks:
Richard Nevin Folkers
Folkers
Folkers


title: Rich Folkers

texts:
 minors
He spent all of 1971 and most of 1972 in the minors. After having a lackluster 1971 season (7–11, 4.50 ERA), the Mets traded away their former first round draft pick along with Jim Bibby, Charlie Hudson and Art Shamsky to the Cardinals for Jim Beauchamp, Chuck Taylor, Harry Parker and Chip Coulter on October 18, 1971. He did better overall in 1972 in the minors, posting a 3.10 ERA. He was recalled to the Majors that year, pitching nine games in relief for the Cardinals. This stint in the Majors was much more successful: not only did he collect his first big league win on September 30 against Ron Santo, Rick Monday and the rest of the Chicago Cubs, he also posted a respectable 3.38 ERA.Back to stay in the majors
<mask> was used both as a starter and reliever in 1973, posting a solid 3.61 ERA in 34 games (nine of them started). If 1968 was his best professional season, then  was his second-best professional season. He posted a 6–2 record in 55 relief appearances, which were third most on the team. He also posted a 3.00 ERA, which was 0.59 points better than the league average. Oddly, the 1974 season was <mask>' last in a Cardinals uniform. He was involved in a three-team deal on November 18, 1974 in which he was traded along with Sonny Siebert and Alan Foster from the Cardinals to the Padres for Ed Brinkman who had been sent to San Diego with Bob Strampe and Dick Sharon from the Detroit Tigers for Nate Colbert. Danny Breeden went from the Padres to the Cardinals to subsequently complete the transactions.His tenure with the Padres was not nearly as successful as was his tenure with the Cardinals. His first year

masks: Folkers Folkers


title: Rich Folkers

texts:
 with the San Diego team, 1975, ended with him posting a 6–11 record and a 4.18 ERA for a team which went 71–91 overall. He started 15 games that year, six more than his previous highest total. He showed respectable control that year, walking only 39 in 142 innings of work. However, he was also 10th in the league in wild pitches, with nine thrown. His final season with the Padres was 1976. The 29-year-old posted a 5.28 ERA that season in 59 innings of work.He was selected off waivers by the Brewers on March 23, 1977. Overall, he threw just over six innings for the Brewers that year, posting a 4.26 ERA. <mask> was traded with Jim Slaton from the Brewers to the Tigers for Ben Oglivie at the Winter Meetings on December 9, 1977. The Brewers definitely got the better end of that deal—<mask> never appeared in a big league game with the Tigers, while Slaton only pitched one season with them (it was, however, arguably his best season in the Majors. He went 17–11 that year with a 3.89 ERA) before being reclaimed by the Brewers when he entered free agency after the 1978 season. Oglivie, on the other hand, went on to have the best years of his 16-season career while with the Brewers, hitting as many as 41 home runs in a season. <mask> played in his final big league game on June 8, 1977.Career statistics
Overall in the majors, <mask> went 19–23 with a 4.11 ERA in 195 games. He gave up 416 hits in 423 innings of work, along with 170 walks, 40 home runs, 207 runs and 193 earned runs. Of the 28 games he started, he completed five of them. He had seven career saves. He was a poor hitter, batting only .143 in 77 career at bats. Of

masks: Folkers Folkers Folkers Folkers


title: Rich Folkers

texts:
 the 11 hits he collected, only one was for an extra base hit—it was a double off Bob Forsch and his former team the Cardinals on August 8, 1975. He drove in six runs in his career, scored three and walked four times.He struck out 28 times. As a fielder, he committed five errors in his career for a .941 fielding percentage. Personal life
<mask> currently lives in St. Petersburg, Florida. He served as pitching coach at Eckerd College between 1988 and 1992, and later in the St. Louis Cardinals' farm system. He is probably best remembered for a line by the Padres' malaprop-prone broadcaster Jerry Coleman: "<mask>ers is throwing up in the bullpen." References

External links
 or Baseball Gauge or Retrosheet or Venezuelan Professional Baseball League

1946 births
Living people
Arkansas Travelers players
Baseball players from Iowa
Durham Bulls players
Florida Instructional League Mets players
Leones del Caracas players
American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
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Sportspeople from Waterloo, Iowa
St. Louis Cardinals players
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masks:
Folkers
Rich Folk


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts:
<mask>  (<mask>rd; 5 May 1747 – 1 March 1792) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and Bohemia, and Archduke of Austria from 1790 to 1792, and Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1765 to 1790. Unusually for his time, he opposed capital punishment and abolished it in Tuscany in 1786 during his rule there, making it the first nation in modern history to do so. He was a son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Emperor Francis I, and the brother of  Marie Antoinette, Queen of France, Maria Carolina of Austria, Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma and Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor. <mask> was a moderate proponent of enlightened absolutism. He granted the Academy of Georgofili his protection. Despite his brief reign, he is highly regarded. The historian Paul W. Schroeder called him "one of the most shrewd and sensible monarchs ever to wear a crown".Youth

<mask> was born in Vienna as his parents' third son. Initially selected for a clerical career, he received education with focus on theology. In 1753, he was engaged to Maria Beatrice d'Este, heiress to the Duchy of Modena. The marriage was never consummated and Maria Beatrice instead married <mask>'s brother, Archduke Ferdinand. Upon the early death of his older brother Archduke Charles in 1761, the family decided that <mask> was going to succeed his father as Duke of Tuscany. Tuscany had been envisioned and designated as a Secundogeniture, a territory and title bestowed upon the second born son, which was greater than an Appanage. On 5 August 1765 <mask> married the Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain, daughter of Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony.Upon the death of his father, Francis I on 18 August 1765, he became Grand Duke of

masks: Peter Leopold Josef Anton Joachim Pius Gottha


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts:
 Tuscany. Grand Duke of Tuscany

For five years, <mask> exercised little more than nominal authority, under the supervision of counselors appointed by his mother. In 1770, he made a journey to Vienna to secure the removal of this vexatious guardianship and returned to Florence with a free hand. During the twenty years that elapsed between his return to Florence and the death of his eldest brother Joseph II in 1790, he was employed in reforming the administration of his small state. The reformation was carried out by the removal of the ruinous restrictions on industry and personal freedom imposed by his predecessors of the house of Medici and left untouched during his father's life, by the introduction of a rational system of taxation (reducing the rates of taxation), and by the execution of profitable public works, such as the drainage of the Val di Chiana. As <mask> had no army to maintain, and as he suppressed the small naval force kept up by the Medici, the whole of his revenue was left free for the improvement of his state. <mask> was never popular with his Italian subjects.His disposition was cold and retiring. His habits were simple to the verge of sordidness, though he could display splendour on occasion, and he could not help offending those of his subjects who had profited by the abuses of the Medicean régime. But his steady, consistent, and intelligent administration, which advanced step by step, brought the grand duchy to a high level of material prosperity. His ecclesiastical policy, which disturbed the deeply rooted convictions of his people and brought him into collision with the Pope, was not successful. He was unable to secularize the property of the religious

masks: Leopold Leopold Leopold


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts: houses or to put the clergy entirely under the control of the lay power. However, his abolition of capital punishment was the first permanent abolition in modern times. On 30 November 1786, after having de facto blocked capital executions (the last was in 1769), <mask> promulgated the reform of the penal code that abolished the death penalty and ordered the destruction of all the instruments for capital execution in his land.Torture was also banned. In line with the theories of the Age of Enlightenment, he enlarged La Specola with medical waxworks and other exhibits, aiming to educate Florentines in the empirical observation of natural laws. <mask> also approved and collaborated on the development of a political constitution, said to have anticipated by many years the promulgation of the French constitution and which presented some similarities with the Virginia Bill of Rights of 1778. <mask>'s concept of this was based on respect for the political rights of citizens and on a harmony of power between the executive and the legislative. However, it could not be put into effect because <mask> moved to Vienna to become emperor in 1790, and because it was so radically new that it garnered opposition even from those who might have benefited from it. <mask> developed and supported many social and economic reforms. Smallpox inoculation was made systematically available, and an early institution for the rehabilitation of juvenile delinquents was founded.<mask> also introduced radical reforms to the system of neglect and inhumane treatment of those deemed mentally ill. On 23 January 1774, the "legge sui pazzi" (law on the insane) was established, the first of its kind to be introduced in

masks: Leopold Leopold Leopold Leopold Leopold Leopold


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts: all Europe, allowing steps to be taken to hospitalize individuals deemed insane. A few years later <mask> undertook the project of building a new hospital, the . He used his skill at choosing collaborators to put a young physician, Vincenzo Chiarugi, at its head. Chiarugi and his collaborators introduced new humanitarian regulations in the running of the hospital and caring for the mentally ill patients, including banning the use of chains and physical punishment, and in so doing have been recognized as early pioneers of what later came to be known as the moral treatment movement. During the last few years of his rule in Tuscany, <mask> had begun to be frightened by the increasing disorders in the German and Hungarian dominions of his family, which were the direct result of his brother's strict methods. He and Joseph II were tenderly attached to one another and met frequently both before and after the death of their mother. The portrait by Pompeo Batoni in which they appear together shows that they bore a strong personal resemblance to one another.But it may be said of <mask>, as of Fontenelle, that his heart was made of brains. He knew that he had to succeed his childless eldest brother in Austria, and he was unwilling to inherit his unpopularity. When, therefore, in 1789 Joseph, who knew himself to be dying, asked him to come to Vienna and become co-regent, <mask> evaded the request. He was still in Florence when Joseph II died at Vienna on 20 February 1790, and he did not leave his Italian capital until 3 March 1790. Following the principle of secundogeniture which had allowed him to rule Tuscany, <mask> entrusted the Grand Duchy to his younger son Ferdinand III, who ruled

masks: Leopold Leopold Leopold Leopold Leopold


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts:
 until the French invasion in 1797 and then again from 1814 to 1824. Holy Roman Emperor

<mask>, during his government in Tuscany, had shown a speculative tendency to grant his subjects a constitution. When he succeeded to the Austrian lands, he began by making large concessions to the interests offended by his brother's innovations.He recognized the Estates of his different dominions as "the pillars of the monarchy", pacified the Hungarians and Bohemians, and divided the insurgents in the Austrian Netherlands (now Belgium) by means of concessions. When these failed to restore order, he marched troops into the country and re-established his own authority, and at the same time the historic franchises of the Flemings. Yet he did not surrender any part that could be retained of what Maria Theresa and Joseph had done to strengthen the hands of the state. He continued, for instance, to insist that no papal bull could be published in his dominions without his consent (placetum regium). One of the harshest actions <mask> took to placate the noble communities of the various Habsburg domains was to issue a decree on 9 May 1790 that forced thousands of Bohemian serfs freed by his brother Joseph back into servitude. <mask> lived for barely two years after his accession as Holy Roman Emperor, and during that period he was hard pressed by peril from west and east alike. The growing revolutionary disorders in France endangered the life of his sister Marie Antoinette, the queen of Louis XVI, and also threatened his own dominions with the spread of subversive agitation.His sister sent him passionate appeals for help, and he was pestered by the royalist émigrés, who were intriguing to bring about


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts: armed intervention in France. From the east he was threatened by the aggressive ambition of Catherine II of Russia and by the unscrupulous policy of Prussia. Catherine would have been delighted to see Austria and Prussia embark on a crusade in the cause of kings against the French Revolution. While they were busy beyond the Rhine, she would have annexed what remained of Poland and made conquests against the Ottoman Empire. <mask> II had no difficulty in seeing through the rather transparent cunning of the Russian empress, and he refused to be misled. To his sister, he gave good advice and promises of help if she and her husband could escape from Paris. The émigrés who followed him pertinaciously were refused audience, or when they forced themselves on him, were peremptorily denied all help.<mask> was too purely a politician not to be secretly pleased at the destruction of the power of France and of her influence in Europe by her internal disorders. Within six weeks of his accession, he displayed his contempt for France's weakness by practically tearing up the treaty of alliance made by Maria Theresa in 1756 and opening negotiations with Great Britain to impose a check on Russia and Prussia. <mask> put pressure on Great Britain by threatening to cede his part of the Low Countries to France. Then, when sure of British support, he was in a position to baffle the intrigues of Prussia. A personal appeal to Frederick William II led to a conference between them at Reichenbach in July 1790, and to an arrangement which was in fact a defeat for Prussia: <mask>'s coronation as king of Hungary on 11 November 1790, preceded by a settlement with the Diet in which he recognized the dominant

masks: Leopold Leopold Leopold Leopold


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts: position of the Magyars. He had already made an eight months' truce with the Turks in September, which prepared the way for the termination of the war begun by Joseph II. The pacification of his eastern dominions left <mask> free to re-establish order in Belgium and to confirm friendly relations with Britain and the Netherlands.During 1791, the emperor remained increasingly preoccupied with the affairs of France. In January, he had to dismiss the Count of Artois (afterwards Charles X of France) in a very peremptory way. His good sense was revolted by the folly of the French émigrés, and he did his utmost to avoid being entangled in the affairs of that country. The insults inflicted on Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, however, at the time of their attempted flight to Varennes in June, stirred his indignation, and he made a general appeal in the Padua Circular to the sovereigns of Europe to take common measures in view of events which "immediately compromised the honour of all sovereigns, and the security of all governments." Yet he was most directly interested in negotiations with Turkey, which in June led to a final peace, the Treaty of Sistova being signed in August 1791. On 25 August 1791, he met the king of Prussia at Pillnitz Castle, near Dresden, and they drew up the Declaration of Pillnitz, stating their readiness to intervene in France if and when their assistance was called for by the other powers. The declaration was a mere formality, for, as <mask> knew, neither Russia nor Britain was prepared to act, and he endeavored to guard against the use which he foresaw the émigrés would try to make of it.In face of the reaction in France to the Declaration of Pillnitz, the

masks: Leopold Leopold


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts:
 intrigues of the émigrés, and attacks made by the French revolutionists on the rights of the German princes in Alsace, <mask> continued to hope that intervention might not be required. When Louis XVI swore to observe the constitution of September 1791, the emperor professed to think that a settlement had been reached in France. The attacks on the rights of the German princes on the left bank of the Rhine, and the increasing violence of the parties in Paris which were agitating to bring about war, soon showed, however, that this hope was vain. <mask> meant to meet the challenge of the revolutionists in France with dignity and temper, however the effect of the Declaration of Pillnitz was to contribute to the radicalization of their political movement. Like his parents before him, <mask> had sixteen children, the eldest of his eight sons being his successor, Emperor Francis II. Some of his other sons were prominent personages in their day. Among them were: Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany; Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen, a celebrated soldier; Archduke Johann of Austria, also a soldier; Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary; and Archduke Rainer, Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia.Mozart's opera La clemenza di Tito was commissioned by the Estates of Bohemia for the festivities that accompanied <mask>'s coronation as king of Bohemia in Prague on 6 September 1791. <mask> died suddenly in Vienna, in March 1792. Issue
His mother Empress Maria Theresa was the last Habsburg, and he was one of 16 children. His brother Joseph II died without any surviving children, but <mask> in turn had also 16 children, just like his mother, and became the founder of the main line of the House of


title: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

texts:
 Habsburg-Lorraine. Children with his wife Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain (also known as Maria Ludovica of Spain):

Illegitimate children
With Livia Raimondi, a ballerine, he had:
Luigi von Grün (1788–1814)

Ancestors

See also
 Kings of Germany family tree

References

 Attribution

Bibliography
 Vovk, Justin C. (2010). In Destiny's Hands: Five Tragic Rulers, Children of Maria Theresa. iUniverse: Bloomington, Ind.  .
 Gentlemen's Magazine, London, March 1792, pp.281–282, detailed account of the death at Vienna of his Imperial Majesty <mask> II. External links

 Work describing <mask>'s coronation: Beschreibung der königl. hungarischen Krönung als Seine Apostolische Majestät Leopold der Zweyte zu Pressburg zum hungarischen Könige gekrönt wurde ... Wien: Hieronymus Löschenkohl, 1790. 57 p. Available at ULB´s Digital Library

Regnal titles

1747 births
1792 deaths
18th-century Holy Roman Emperors
18th-century archdukes of Austria
Grand Dukes of Tuscany
Grand Masters of the Order of the Golden Fleece
Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria
Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Maria Theresa
Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
Nobility from Vienna
Burials at the Imperial Crypt
18th century in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Dukes of Carniola
Children of Maria


title: Candace Bushnell

texts:
<mask> (born December 1, 1958) is an American author, journalist, and television producer. She wrote a column for The New York Observer (1994–96) that was adapted into the bestselling Sex and the City anthology. The book was the basis for the HBO hit series Sex and the City (1998–2004) and two subsequent movies. <mask> followed this with the international bestselling novels 4 Blondes (2001), Trading Up (2003), Lipstick Jungle (2005), One Fifth Avenue (2008), The Carrie Diaries (2010) and Summer and the City (2011). Two of her novels have been adapted for television: Lipstick Jungle (2008–09) on NBC, and The Carrie Diaries (2013-2014) on The CW. One Fifth Avenue has been optioned by the Mark Gordon Company and ABC for another television show. Early life
<mask> was born in Glastonbury, Connecticut.She is the daughter of Calvin L<mask> and Camille Salonia. Her father was one of the inventors of the air cooled hydrogen fuel cell that was used in the Apollo space missions in the 1960s. Her Bushnell ancestors in the United States can be traced back to <mask>, one of the signatories of the Guilford Covenant, who emigrated from Thatcham, Berkshire, England in 1639. Her mother was of Italian descent. While attending high school in Glastonbury, <mask> was accompanied to her senior prom by Mike O'Meara, now a nationally syndicated radio host, who also dated <mask>'s sister, "Lolly." She attended Rice University and New York University. She moved to New York in the late 1970s and often frequented Studio 54.In 1995, she met publishing executive Ron Galotti, who became the inspiration for Sex and The City'''s Mr. Big. Career
At the age of 19, <mask> moved to New York City and sold a children's story (which was never published) to Simon & Schuster. She continued writing and worked as a freelance journalist for various publications, struggling to make ends meet for many years. <mask> began writing for The New York Observer in 1993. She created a humorous column for the paper

masks:
Candace Bushnell
Bushnell
Bushnell
. Bushnell
Francis Bushnell
Candace
Candace
Bushnell
Bushnell


title: Candace Bushnell

texts: (1994–96) called "Sex and the City". The column was based on her own personal dating experiences and those of her friends. In 1997, <mask>'s columns were published in an anthology, also called Sex and the City, and soon after became the basis for the popular HBO television series sharing the same name.The series aired from 1998 through 2004, and starred Sarah Jessica Parker as Carrie Bradshaw, a socially active New York City sex and lifestyles columnist, a character whom <mask> has stated was her alter ego. The series is now in syndication and was made into two film adaptations, released in 2008 and 2010. A third film was announced in December 2016, but was ultimately cancelled and replaced by the sequel miniseries, And Just Like That…, on HBO Max. <mask> went on to publish several international and New York Times Bestselling novels, including Four Blondes, Trading Up, Lipstick Jungle and One Fifth Avenue. In 2005, <mask> served as one of three judges for the reality television show Wickedly Perfect on CBS. <mask> began hosting a live weekly talk show on Sirius Satellite Radio in 2007. The show, called "Sex, Success and Sensibility," was canceled in late 2008 after the merger of Sirius and XM Satellite Radio, when <mask> was asked to continue the show with a 50% pay cut and refused.She is the winner of the 2006 Matrix Award for books, and a recipient of the Albert Einstein Spirit of Achievement Award. In 2009 she wrote a web series, The Broadroom, a comedic series about women over 40 dealing with workplace issues, starring Jennie Garth which was created in partnership with the magazine publisher Meredith Corporation's Meredith 360 division. <mask>'s 2005 novel, Lipstick Jungle, was adapted for television and aired on NBC in 2008. The series Lipstick Jungle starred Brooke Shields in the leading role, and ran for 20 episodes. In 2009, she wrote articles for Meredith's More magazine. <mask> was contracted by HarperCollins in 2008 to write a series of two books

masks: Bushnell Bushnell Bushnell Bushnell Bushnell Bushnell Bushnell Bushnell


title: Candace Bushnell

texts:
 for young adults, about the high school years of Sex and the City character Carrie Bradshaw. The first of these, The Carrie Diaries, was published in April 2010.The other, Summer and the City (Carrie Diaries Series #2), was published in April 2011. The Carrie Diaries was a number one New York Times Bestseller. Personal life
From 2002 to 2012, <mask> was married to Charles Askegard, a principal dancer with the New York City Ballet who was ten years her junior, and whom she had met eight weeks before.Don't mention Sex and the City. By Carl Quinn, www.theage.com, September 28, 2003. They decided to divorce in 2011. She found the experience disorienting, telling The Guardian, "When I got divorced, I couldn’t get a mortgage; I didn’t fit into a computer model. All of a sudden, I was invited to no more couple things.Being single is hard and there’s something a bit heroic about it." She owned a co-op in Greenwich Village until 2015. From 2005 to 2016 she owned an historic Victorian farmhouse in Roxbury, CT. In 2016, she bought a co-op on East 74th Street in Manhattan. Bibliography
 (1996) Sex and the City,
 (2000) 4 Blondes,  nur 302
 (2003) Trading Up (2005) Lipstick Jungle,
 (2008) One Fifth Avenue (2010) The Carrie Diaries (2011) Summer and the City (2015) Killing Monica (2019) Is There Still Sex in the City? '',

References

External links

Official website

TehelkaTV interview – In conversation with Pragya Tiwari on being a woman and writing about it, Jan 2011
Limited online archive of <mask>'s column in The Observer

1958 births
Living people
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
American columnists
American women columnists
American chick lit writers
People from Glastonbury, Connecticut
New York University alumni
Rice University alumni
American women essayists
American women novelists
Sex and the City
20th-century American essayists
21st-century American

masks: Bushnell Bushnell


title: John Cranston (governor)

texts:
<mask> (1625–1680) was a colonial physician, military leader, legislator, deputy governor and governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations during the 17th century. Biographical summary

<mask> was sent to New England as a boy; he was put under the care of Jeremiah Clarke, who became an early president of the colony, and he eventually married Clarke's daughter, Mary. Elected a drummer in the militia of Portsmouth while a teenager, <mask> had several military positions of authority throughout his life, and during King Philip's War he commanded the colony's militia. He also became the colony's first licensed physician and surgeon in March 1663. Later in life <mask> was elected to a variety of offices, including attorney general, deputy, assistant and commissioner. In 1672 he was elected for the first time to the office of deputy governor, for a year, and then in 1676 during King Philip's War was elected again to that office. In 1678, following the deaths of two colonial governors in rapid succession, <mask> was elected to the office of governor, which position he held for nearly two years until his own death in March 1680.Family background

Born in Scotland or England, <mask> was the son of Rev. <mask>, the rector of St. Mary Overie Church in Southwark, London, later known as St. Saviour's Church, and now called Southwark Cathedral. <mask> was also one of the chaplains of King Charles I. The details of how <mask> came to New England were provided by his son, Governor <mask>, who wrote in a 26 December 1724 letter to his cousin <mask> in Edinburgh, Scotland, "My father being a sprightly youth of a roving fancy, my Grandfather Recommended him to the care and tuition of one Capt. Jeremiah Clarke, Merchant and Cittysen of London, with whome he came into this country and Setled on this Island." Jeremy Clarke came to New England in 1637 and in 1638 became an inhabitant of Aquidneck Island, later called Rhode Island. Rev.<mask> was the son of <mask> of Bold, or Bool,

masks:
John Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
John Cranston
James Cranston
Reverend Cranston
Cranston
Samuel Cranston
Elizabeth Cranston
James Cranston
John Cranston


title: John Cranston (governor)

texts:
 Peebles County, Scotland, and the family descends from one Andrew de <mask> who died before 1338. Early career

<mask> first appears on the public record in March 1644 when he was elected to be a drummer in the military company of Portsmouth in the Rhode Island colony. Ten years later he was on the mainland, and was the attorney general for Providence and Warwick, when these two towns were separated from the island towns of Portsmouth and Newport. In 1654 the four towns re-united under one government, and he was then attorney general for the entire colony from that year until 1656. In 1655 he was made a freeman and during the same year he was on one committee to build a prison, and on another committee to prevent the sale of ammunition to the Indians. During most years from 1655 to 1663 he was a Commissioner from Newport, and in 1658 he married Mary, the daughter of Jeremy Clarke who had brought him to New England. Physician, legislator and military commander

<mask> became proficient as a medical practitioner during his early life, and was recognized for his skills by the General Assembly.On 1 March 1664, the Assembly wrote, "Whereas the court have taken notice of the great blessing of God on the good endeavours of Captain <mask>, of Newport, both in physic and chirurgery [surgery], to the great comfort of such as have had occasion to improve his skill and practice." It was therefore unanimously enacted in March 1663/4 that he should be licensed "to administer physic, and practice chirurgery throughout this whole colony, and is by the court styled and recorded Doctor of Physic and Chirurgery." <mask> was deputy to the General Assembly each year from 1664 to 1668, was a governor's assistant from 1668 to 1672, and then in 1672 was elected as deputy governor of the colony for a year. During all of this time he remained active in the military affairs of the colony. In July 1667 he was commissioned as the captain in command of the "Train Band upon the Island" (i.e. Aquidneck

masks:
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
John Cranston
Cranston


title: John Cranston (governor)

texts:
 Island). That same year, he and two others were required with all possible speed to mount the great guns upon such carriages to allow for their easy conveyance from place to place.In 1671 he was allowed compensation for voyages he made to both New York and to Seekonk, likely for military matters. In May 1673 he was commissioned as the "Captain in Chief of the Colony Military Force". In May 1675 he was promoted to the rank of major and retained this position until May 1679 when he was succeeded by Major Peleg Sanford. In 1675 the New England colonies became embroiled in a major war with members of several native tribes. King Philip's War, named for the Wampanoag chief, Metacomet, or King Philip, was the most devastating event to visit the Rhode Island colony prior to the American Revolutionary War. In April 1676 the General Assembly had provided for the naval defense of Aquidneck Island, adjourned for one week. They then elected Captain <mask>, with a promotion to the rank of major (not, as some sources state, major-general), to command all of the colony's militia companies.He simultaneously served as deputy governor for the following two years. Governor

<mask> had been deputy governor under his brother-in-law, Walter Clarke for the year beginning in May 1676, but the following year the "War Party" was put in power with Benedict Arnold elected as governor. In May 1678 Arnold was once again elected as governor of the colony, and <mask> again elected as deputy governor. In a few weeks, however, Arnold was dead, and William Coddington was elected as governor, with <mask> continuing as his deputy. The tax law was modified at this time, requiring the governor to give legal notice to every town before levying a tax. The population of the colony was deemed to be about 1000 to 1200 freemen able to bear arms. At the beginning of November 1678, Coddington had also died in office.On 4 November Conanicut Island was incorporated as a township and called Jamestown in honor of the Duke of

masks: Cranston Cranston Cranston Cranston


title: John Cranston (governor)

texts:
 York, who soon became king (as James II & VII.) During a special session of the General Assembly held from 8 to 15 November, <mask> was elected governor of the colony, with James Barker elected as his deputy. The Charter and other papers were obtained from Mrs. Coddington and put into the custody of the new governor. Many of the agenda items during his administration dealt with financial issues, and several finance or taxation laws were passed or repealed. One of the first acts was to pass the first tax levy since the recent war. A rate of 300 pounds was assessed, broken down by town as follows:  Newport, 136; Portsmouth, 68; New Shoreham (Block Island), 29; Jamestown, 29; Providence, 10; Warwick, 8; Kingston, 16 (reduced to 8); Greenwich, 2; and Westerly, 2. Never, in the history of the colony, had there been such a disproportionate share in taxation, and the numbers clearly show the relative degree to which the various towns had suffered as a result of the war.In 1679 the Crown confirmed the jurisdiction of Rhode Island over the Narragansett country, within which were the recent settlements of Westerly, Kings Town, and Greenwich. A letter of thankful acknowledgment was sent to King Charles II, but also with a request that the area around Mount Hope be added to the colony. However, disputes with the Connecticut Colony had not ended, and in his final official act, <mask> sent a letter to the King dated 6 January 1679/80, concerning disputed lands in the Narragansett county still claimed by Connecticut. Death

<mask> died in office on 12 March 1680 and was succeeded as governor by Peleg Sanford, the son of a former governor of Newport and Portsmouth, <mask>. He was buried in Newport's Common Burying Ground. His white marble gravestone (dating from the late 17th century) is still in place and is one of the oldest grave markers extant in the United States. Legacy

Rhode Island historian and Lieutenant Governor Samuel G. Arnold wrote of him, "Governor <mask> had borne a

masks:
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
John Sanford
John Cranston


title: John Cranston (governor)

texts:
 distinguished part in the history of the Colony, and filled the highest military and civil positions in its gift.He was the first who ever held the place of major-general, having been selected to command all the militia of the Colony during Philip's War, and he was the father of a future governor, who became more distinguished for his protracted public service." (Note – Arnold's use of the term "major-general" means an officer with the rank of major having general authority and is not to be confused with the military rank of major general.) Family

Gary Boyd Roberts gives the paternal grandmother of <mask> as Christian Stewart, and through her shows a descent from King Robert III of Scotland. However, he also adds that another researcher, Andrew B. W. MacEwen, has doubts about Cranston's immediate ancestry. <mask>'s wife, Mary, was the daughter of former Rhode Island President Jeremy Clarke and his wife Frances, and sister of Rhode Island Governor Walter Clarke. The Clarkes are descendants of King Edward I of England, and therefore all of Cranston's descendants are royally descended through the Clarkes, if not through the <mask>s as well. Together, <mask> and Mary Cranston had ten children, the oldest of whom, Samuel Cranston, became the longest-serving governor in the history of both the colony and the state of Rhode Island

Following Cranston's death, his widow married the widower Captain <mask>, son of Robert and Avis Stanton of Newport, with whom she had one more child.See also

 List of colonial governors of Rhode Island
 List of lieutenant governors of Rhode Island
 Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations

References

Bibliography

External links
Grave of <mask> at Find-a-grave
Chronological list of Rhode Island leaders

1625 births
1680 deaths
Colonial governors of Rhode Island
Kingdom of England emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies
Politicians from Newport, Rhode Island
Rhode Island Attorneys General
Burials at Common Burying Ground and Island Cemetery
Clarke

masks:
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
John
John Stanton
John Cranston