title: Christian Clemens

texts:
 season, making twenty-nine appearances and scoring six times in all competitions. Following this, <mask> joined the club on a permanent basis, keeping him until 2019 on 29 April 2016. <mask> hinted that he could leave the club in the summer.However, <mask> struggled to regained his first team since joining the club on a permanent basis, due to injuries and made six appearances in all competitions. Return to 1. FC Köln
On 21 December 2016, <mask> joined 1. FC Köln for the second time, keeping him until 2021, where he will join up the club on 1 January 2017. In a friendly match against Bochum on 7 January 2017, <mask> scored in a 1–0 win. After the match, <mask>' performance was praised by Manager Peter Stöger. He re-debut for the club in his second spell at 1.FC Köln, where he started the match, in a 0–0 draw against Mainz 05 on 22 January 2017. It was not until on 8 April 2017 when he scored in his second spell with the club, in a 3–2 loss against Borussia Mönchengladbach. Towards the end of the 2016–17 season, <mask> fought for his first team place since arriving in January and at occasions, he appeared on the substitute bench as a result. He went on to make fourteen appearances and scoring once for the side. In the 2017–18 season, <mask> missed the first two matches, due to failing to make it in the starting eleven. He made his first appearance of the season, where he started the match, in a 3–1 loss against Hamburger SV on 25 August 2017. However, he spent two months on the sideline, due to failing to make it in the starting eleven and his own injury concerns.It was not until on 25 October 2017 when he scored his first goal of the season, in a 3–1 win over Hertha BSC in the second round of DFB–Pokal. By December, he soon began to have more playing time, mostly coming on as a substitute. This works out as he helped the side beat Wolfsburg 1–0 to give the side their first win of the season. Towards the end of the 2017–18 season, <mask>, once again, was plagued with injuries. Shortly after sustaining another injury in April, the

masks: Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens


title: Christian Clemens

type: original

texts:
 club was ultimately relegated to 2.Bundesliga for next season. At the end of the 2017–18 season, <mask> went on to make twenty appearances and scoring two times in all competitions. In the 2018–19 season, with the club playing in the 2.Bundesliga, <mask> started the season well when he set up two goals, in a 2–0 win over VfL Bochum in the opening game of the season.In a follow up match against Union Berlin on 13 August 2018, he scored his first goal of the season, in a 1–1 draw. Darmstadt 98
On 15 January 2021, Köln announced that the club had agreed to release <mask> from his contract and that he would join SV Darmstadt 98 with immediate effect. Lechia Gdańsk
After leaving Darmstadt at the end of July 2021, he remained a free agent for over six months. On 3 February 2022, he signed his first contract abroad when he joined Polish Ekstraklasa club Lechia Gdańsk on a year-and-a-half deal. International career
<mask> previously played for several Germany national youth football teams. He started out on 16 February 2007 when made his Germany U16 debut, coming on as a second half substitute, in a 2–2 draw against Czech Republic U16. <mask> went on to make seven appearances for the Germany U16 side.After represented the Germany U17 side, <mask> made his Germany U18 debut on 18 November 2008 against Austria U18, where Germany U18 won 4–0. He didn't score his first goal for the U18 side until on 26 March 2009, in a 3–2 win over France U18. He went on to make ten appearances and scoring three times for the U17 side. <mask> made his Germany U19 debut on 7 October 2009, where he scored the national side third goal, in a 3–0 win over Luxembourg U19. He went on to make five appearances and scoring twice for the U19 side. On 6 September 2010, <mask> was called up by Germany U20 for the first time and on 6 September 2010 <mask> made his debut for the Germany U-20 national football team in a 3–2 victory over Switzerland in which <mask> also scored his first goal for the Germany U-20 national football team. It was not until August 2011 when he

masks: Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens Clemens


title: Christian Clemens

texts:
 returned to the U20 squad and scored his first goal in almost twelve months for the side, in a 4–2 win over Poland U20 on 31 August 2011.On 6 February 2011, <mask> received his first call-up to the Germany U-21 national football team for a match against the Greece U-21 national football team. On 9 February 2011, <mask> debuted for the Germany U-21 national football team in a friendly match against the Greece U-21 national football team, which saw them draw 0–0. Two years later, on 24 March 2013, <mask> was called by the Germany U21 once again and played 29 minutes after coming on as a substitute in the second half, in a 2–1 win over Israel U21. In the summer of 2013, <mask> was called by the U21 side once again for 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship and went on to make three appearances for the side, although they were eliminated in the Group Stage. Style of play
<mask> is mainly deployed as a winger and utilized on the left or right flanks on the football pitch; but <mask> can also be deployed as a second striker. <mask> himself sees his strengths on the flanks of the football pitch. Clemens possesses accurate heading and shooting of the ball, great agility and endurance, physical strength, rapid acceleration and speed.<mask> is a dummy specialist and a silky dribbler which <mask> utilizes to bamboozle opposition defenders in one-on-one situations with ease. Personal life
<mask> has a younger brother, <mask>, who plays for 1. FC Köln II. He was romantically involved with Lynn Mester from Bayer 04 Leverkusen. Career statistics

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
Footballers from Cologne
Association football wingers
Association football forwards
German footballers
Germany youth international footballers
Germany under-21 international footballers
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
1. FC Köln players
1.FC Köln II players
FC Schalke 04 players
1. FSV Mainz 05 players
SV Darmstadt 98 players
Lechia Gdańsk players
German expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Poland
German expatriate

masks:
Clemens
Clemens
Clemens
Clemens
Clemens
Clemens
Clemens
Clemens
Clemens
Clemens
Michael Clemens


title: Bessie Griffin

texts:
<mask> (née Arlette B. Broil; July 6, 1922 – April 10, 1989) was an American gospel singer. From junior high into the late 1940s, she sang with the Southern Harps, who were better known later as the Southern Revivalists Of New Orleans, then performed with The Caravans for a year and toured with W. Herbert Brewster Jr. Mentored by Mahalia Jackson, she moved to Chicago in the early 1950s and then relocated to Los Angeles at the end of the decade. She performed in theaters and night clubs, and appeared on popular televisions shows like The Ed Sullivan Show and The Dinah Shore Show. Early life and education
Arlette B. Broil was born on 6 July 1922 in New Orleans, Louisiana, to Victoria (née Walker) and Enoch Broil. Broil's mother died when she was five and she was raised by Lucy Narcisse, her "grandmother", in a strict Baptist home. Narcisse was actually her mother's cousin and was related to the singer and minister Louis Narcisse. The family went to church at 5 a.m. each Sunday.That service was followed by Sunday school at 9 a.m. and a second service at 11. After supper, they attended the 3 o'clock service, followed by the children's choir at 5 p.m., Baptist Young People's Training Union meeting at 6 p.m., and then the evening service. Broil attended public school and graduated from McDonogh Number 35 Senior High School. She had no formal voice training, but was taught to sing by her grandmother around the age of five. Recording career
Beginning in junior high school, Broil performed with a gospel quartet, known as the Southern Harps. After touring throughout the South, in 1947, the all-girl, a cappella quartet recorded two 78s for King


title: Bessie Griffin

texts: Records. The following year, they recorded four 78s with Bob Shad, as the Southern Revivalists Of New Orleans.Accompanied by guitarist Brownie McGhee, she also recorded several solo singles for Shad. After a failed two-year marriage to <mask>, in 1951, she became engaged to Spencer Jackson, with whom she would have her only child, Spencer, Jr. In 1951, when Mahalia Jackson came to New Orleans to sing, <mask> went to the concert and the two singers met. Jackson took the younger singer under her wing and invited her to come to Chicago to appear in a gospel performance at the Chicago Coliseum. <mask> sang two songs to an audience of over 40,000 people, who had come to celebrate Jackson's 25th anniversary in the music business and was well received. When her recording of "Too Close" in 1953 failed to gain the acceptance she had hoped, <mask> joined The Caravans, a gospel group led by Albertina Walker. She recorded nine tracks with them in 1954 for States Records, but left the group, as she was unable to earn a living.Moving to Chicago, she performed on the church circuit. She also recorded a single for Al Benson's Parrot label. She toured for a year with W. Herbert Brewster, Jr., son of the noted pastor and musician W. Herbert Brewster, but failing to find success, returned to New Orleans where she performed as a soloist and disc jockey. In 1958, she moved to Los Angeles and was signed by Art Rupe of Specialty Records. The following year, <mask> founded a group called the "Gospel Pearls" and collaborated with Robert "Bumps" Blackwell in making the first gospel musical. After opening in Los Angeles, the musical Portraits In Bronze, based

masks:
Willie Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin


title: Bessie Griffin

texts: upon Sweet Flypaper of Life by Langston Hughes, she toured the show in Las Vegas and various California night clubs and theaters. <mask>'s voice was described by Leonard Feather of the Los Angeles Times as similar to both <mask> Smith and her mentor Jackson, but with "a broad and genuine range without falsettos, excellent enunciation and a deep spirituality which can hardly fail to excite with its honesty and power".After touring with Bronze, she recorded an album on the Decca label with an orchestra: "It Takes a Lot of Love" and made "Portraits in Bronze" on Liberty. She joined the night club circuit in the 1960s singing and recording gospel albums and appeared on television, but never realized large earnings. Among her appearances were a performance at Disneyland, on the Pat Boone show, several appearances on The Ed Sullivan Show, and in a Dinah Shore special with Frank Sinatra, Gerry Mulligan's Jazz Quartet, and folksingers, Bud & Travis. <mask> recorded a solo album for Savoy, an album with the Gospel Pearls entitled "Gospel Soul" on Sunset and released a live recording of a concert on the Nashboro. She struggled with health problems, in 1970 had a heart attack, and had a long battle with peritonitis, which required several hospitalizations that interrupted her career. In 1974 she appeared in Together Brothers, as the character "Reverend Brown". The 20th Century Fox thriller, shot in Galveston, Texas, was scored by Barry White.The following year, she was recorded by Anthony Heilbut in her home, singing a variation of "The Lord Will Make A Way", which was later released on an album with other artists called All Of My Appointed

masks: Griffin Bessie Griffin


title: Bessie Griffin

texts:
 Time. Recordings from the Southern Revivalists Of New Orleans were re-released in 1984 by Krazy Kat Records and she continued to tour at festivals and churches, as her health permitted. Death and legacy
<mask> died from breast cancer at the Brockton Memorial Center, Culver City, California on April 10, 1989. She was interred in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California. Her most known recordings included Come Ye Disconsolate, It's Real, Soon-ah Will Be Done With the Trouble of the World and The Days Are Passed and Gone. The recording she made with Heilbut was sampled in the 1996 dance track "I Know The Lord" by the band The Tabernacle. The same sample was also used in 1999 for the Shaboom track "Bessie".Selected works
1972, The Gospel Sound, Vol. 2. Columbia Records #31595
1986, Black Gospel Singing: A Capella Gospel Singing (The Golden Age of Gospel Singing 1936-1954). Folklyric Records #9045
1994,  Women Of Gospel's Golden Age, Vol 1. Specialty Records #567
1995, Great Gospel Women, Vol.2. Shanachie Records #6017
1996, All of My Appointed Time: Forty Years of A Cappella Gospel Singing. Mojo Records #308 [Jass #604 (1993), Stash Records #114 (1978)].References

Citations

Bibliography

Further reading
 Boyer, Horace Clarence; How Sweet the Sound: The Golden Age of Gospel; Elliott and Clark; 1995;
 Heilbut, Tony; The Gospel Sound: Good News and Bad Times; Limelight Editions; 1997;

External links

1922 births
1989 deaths
American radio personalities
American gospel singers
Musicians from New Orleans
Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)
Singers from Louisiana
20th-century African-American women


title: Mathew Caldwell

texts:
<mask>, (March 8, 1798 – December 28, 1842), also spelled <mask> was a 19th-century Texas settler, military figure, Captain of the Gonzales – Seguin Rangers and a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence. Because of his recruitment ride ahead of the Battle of Gonzales, some call him the Paul Revere of Texas. Early life and family
<mask>, nicknamed "Old Paint", was born in Kentucky on March 8, 1798. He moved to Missouri with his family in 1818, where he traded, fought and learned the ways of the Indians. He, his wife, and family arrived in Texas in the Green DeWitt Colony on February 20, 1831. On June 22, 1831, he received the title to a parcel of land near the Zumwalt Settlement, southwest of current Hallettsville, Texas. Settling in Gonzales, <mask> acquired the original James Hinds residence on Water Street and soon became a person of notoriety, involved in security and command of minutemen rangers in Gonzales and the surrounding areas.Texas Revolution

Actively recruiting before the battle of Gonzales in October 1835, he rode from Gonzales to Mina informing colonists of the dire need of their support in the volunteer army. Because of this, some call him the Paul Revere of Texas. As a participant at the battle, he served as a scout and mediator. On Nov. 3, 1835, the delegates of the citizens of Texas established the provisional Texas government by the Consultation of 1835. The Consultation authorized the recruitment of 25

masks:
Matthew Caldwell
Mathew Caldwell
Matthew Caldwell
Caldwell


title: Mathew Caldwell

texts:
 Rangers, and later, was increased to three companies of 56 men each. <mask> was appointed a subcontractor to the Texian Army by the Provisional Government of Texas, to supply and administer a volunteer army at the siege of Bexar and the Alamo. On 1 February 1836, he and John Fisher were elected delegates from Gonzales to the Texas Independence Convention of 1836 at Washington on the Brazos, and both were signers of the Texas Declaration of Independence, on March 2.The convention appointed a committee of three, of which <mask> was a member, to assess the situation of the enemy on the frontier and the condition of the Texian army. They dispatched couriers with the message of independence. <mask> went along with them, paying close attention to the state of the new republic as they passed through numerous settlements. On February 4, 1836, <mask> was named, along with Byrd Lockhart and William A. Matthews, as commissioners to raise a group of volunteers for a Gonzales Ranging Company. The company was mustered by March 23, 1836. The muster list of 23 rangers is shown here. Officers
Capt.Byrd Lockhart,
Lt. George C. Kimble,
First Sergeant William A. Irvin

Privates
John Ballard, John Davis, Andrew Duvalt, Jacob Darst, Frederick C. Elm, Galba Fuqua, William Fishbaugh, John Harris, Andrew J. Kent, David B. Kent, John G. King, Daniel McCoy, Jesse McCoy, Prospect McCoy, Isaac Millsaps, William Morrison, James Nash, Marcus L. Sewell, William

masks:
Caldwell
Caldwell
Caldwell
Matthew Caldwell


title: Mathew Caldwell

texts:
 are remembered as the "Immortal Thirty-Two". Republic years
In the fall of 1837, after the revolution, settlers returned to Gonzales. Nothing remained of the former town except one charred building. The Comanche re-established their claim to the area. <mask> served as the first Law Enforcement Official or Sheriff of Gonzales (Guadalupe, Dewitt, Caldwell, Lavaca) County.City Founders

In 1838, he and his fellow rangers founded the town of Walnut Branch in sparsely-populated northwest Gonzales County. The area was well-favored, and was frequently DeWitt ranger campground years before the revolution. 1838 frontier rangers

<mask> formed a frontier ranger company of twenty-nine men. Charles Lockhart became First Lieutenant, and Robert Hall joined as his Second Lieutenant. They built a log fort to provide security for the residents, and only mustered for a real crisis. In October that year, Native Americans raided the town, and stole two young women and some children, The rangers pursued the group, but could not catch them. They allied with friendly Native Americans, and valued their support.Frontier defender

Rumors of a Mexican retaliation soon flourished, and Texas President Mirabeau B. Lamar appointed <mask>, on January 15, 1839, as a captain, to recruit a company of Gonzales Rangers to defend the Texas frontier. Two months later, he had his company of rangers, and on March 23, 1839, <mask> became captain of a company in the First

masks: Caldwell Caldwell Caldwell Caldwell


title: Mathew Caldwell

texts:
 Regiment of Infantry of Texas. On March 29, 1839, a company of eighty men commanded by General Edward Burleson defeated Vicente Córdova and his rebels during a fight near Seguin, Texas, at "Battleground Prairie". Córdova survived, but was pursued by <mask>'s Rangers, Seguin militia, and then, joined by members of the Henry Karnes company, insuring his departure from Texas. Caldwells Gonzales & Seguin Rangers 1839

During this time, 1st Lt. James Campbell was stationed at the Seguin outpost with half of the Caldwell Rangers, providing protection for the new town and others stationed close to Gonzales. The officers of the Rangers were:
Captain <mask>,
1st Lt. James Campbell,
2nd Lt. Canah C. Colley,
1st Sergt. George D. Miller,
2nd Sergt.John R. King,
3rd Sergt. William N. Henry,
4th Sergt. John Archer. The privates were:
M. L. Baber,
Seth Baldridge,
Nathan Burgett,
<mask>,
William Clinton,
James M. Day,
Miles G. Dikes,
A. S. Emmitt,
James Forrester,
Daniel Gray,
John B. Gray,
Thomas Grubbs,
Frederick W. Happle,
Everett H. Harris,
Vaughter Henderson,
David Henson,
John S. Hodges,
Maury Irvin,
E. R. Jones,
William H. Killin,
Henry B. King,
Henry Eustace McCulloch,
T. N. Minter,
G. H. Nichols,
George W. Nichols,
James W. Nichols,
John W. Nichols,
Sol. G. Nichols,
Thomas R. Nichols,
William S. Osbourne,
James Pinchback,
D. M. Poore,
William Putman,
David Reynolds,
Abram Roberts,
Alexander Roberts,
James B. Roberts,
Jeremiah

masks:
Caldwell
Matthew Caldwell
Curtis Caldwell


title: Mathew Caldwell

texts:
 Roberts,
Russell, D. W.
Russell, John H.
Ezekiel Smith,
French Smith,
William Smith,
A. J. Sowell,
Asa J. L. Sowell,
J. N. Sowell,
John S. Stump,
James A.Swift,
T. W. Symonds,
Nathan Wadkins,
Isaac Wallace,
John D. Wolfin

1840s defense and imprisonment

Native Americans continued to plague the new Republic and in March, <mask> participated in a meeting to trade captives with the Comanches. However, participants in the meeting turned violent, and the Council House Fight erupted, where he was wounded. He recovered in time to lead a company at the battle of Plum Creek on August 12, 1840. As captain of Company D of the scouting force in the Texan Santa Fe Expedition in 1841, he was captured with other members, and imprisoned in Mexico. After he was released by the Mexicans, he headed to San Antonio to confront the invading Mexican forces there. On September 18, 1842, <mask> commanded a force of 200 men from Gonzales, Seguin, San Antonio and other near settlements, confronting and defeating General Adrián Woll, at the battle of Salado Creek. Personal life and death
In 1826, <mask> was 28, he married Martha A, and they had three children.Martha died about 1833 in Gonzales, TX. Their 3 children:
 Curtis (1827)
 Lucy Ann (1829–1906)
 Martha Elizabeth (1831–1892)

On May 17, 1837, <mask> was 39, he married Hannah Morrison in Washington County, Texas. <mask> died at his home in Gonzales on December 28, 1842, and was buried with honors as a

masks:
Caldwell
Caldwell
Mathew
Mathew
Matthew Caldwell


title: Mathew Caldwell

texts:
 military hero. Legacy
Caldwell County, Texas was established in 1848 and named in his honor. In 1930, he was honored by the state of Texas with a monument at his grave at Gonzales. The 1936 Texas Hall of State Building, in Dallas, commemorates <mask> on the exterior historical-figure frieze. See also
 Timeline of the Republic of Texas
 Córdova Rebellion
 Council House Fight
 Great Raid of 1840
 Battle of Plum Creek

References

Citations

1798 births
1842 deaths
American city founders
People of the Texas Revolution
Texas–Indian Wars
Battles involving the Republic of Texas
People from Gonzales, Texas
People from Seguin, Texas
American pioneers
People of the American Old West
Signers of the Texas Declaration of Independence
Caldwell County,


title: Richard Delafield

texts:
<mask> (September 1, 1798 – November 5, 1873) was a United States Army officer for 52 years. He served as superintendent of the United States Military Academy for 12 years. At the start of the American Civil War, then Colonel <mask> helped equip and send volunteers from New York to the Union Army. He also was in command of defenses around New York harbor from 1861 to April 1864. On April 22, 1864, he was promoted to brigadier general in the Regular Army of the United States and Chief of Engineers. On March 8, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated <mask> for appointment to the grade of brevet major general in the Regular Army, to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on May 4, 1866, reconfirmed due to a technicality on July 14, 1866. He retired from the US Army on August 8, 1866.He later served on two commissions relating to improvements to Boston Harbor and to lighthouses. He also served as a regent of the Smithsonian Institution. Early life
<mask> was born in New York City on September 1, 1798. He was one of the 14 children of John and Anne (née Hallett) <mask>. His father had emigrated to New York from England in 1788 and made a fortune as a merchant. <mask>, a prominent American physician, <mask>, a lawyer and diplomant, and Rufus King <mask>, a banker and manufacturer, were among his brothers. He was the first graduate of the United States Military Academy to receive a merit class standing, ranking first in the class of 1818.During his time at West Point he also became the first cadet teacher detailed as acting assistant professor of mathematics in 1815. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Corps of Engineers, he served as topographical draftsman for the American Boundary Commission, along with his brother <mask>. The commission established the northern boundary between the United States and Canada under the Treaty of Ghent. Military career
Delafield served as assistant engineer in the construction of Hampton Roads defenses from 1819 to 1824 and was in charge of fortifications and surveys in the Mississippi

masks:
Richard Delafield
Delafield
Delafield
Richard Delafield
Delafield
Edward Delafield
Joseph Delafield
Delafield
Joseph Delafield


title: Richard Delafield

texts: River delta area in 1824–1832. While superintendent of repair work on the Cumberland Road east of the Ohio River, he designed and built Dunlap's Creek Bridge in Brownsville, Pennsylvania, the first cast-iron tubular-arch bridge in the United States. Commissioned a major of engineers in July 1838, he was appointed superintendent of the Military Academy after the fire of 1838 and served till 1845. He designed the new buildings and the new cadet uniform that first displayed the castle insignia.He superintended the construction of coast defenses for New York Harbor from 1846 to 1855. In the beginning of 1855, <mask> was appointed by the Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis a head of the board of officers, later called The Delafield Commission, and sent to Europe to study the European military. The board included Captain George B. McClellan and Major Alfred Mordecai. They inspected the state of the military in Great Britain, Germany, the Austrian Empire, France, Belgium, and Russia, and served as military observers during the Crimean War. After his return in April 1856, <mask> submitted a report which was later published as a book by Congress, Report on the Art of War in Europe in 1854, 1855, and 1856. The book was suppressed during the American Civil War due to fears that it would be instructive to Confederate engineers as it contained multiple drawings and descriptions of military fortifications. Delafield served as superintendent of the Military Academy again in 1856–1861.In January 1861, he was succeeded by Captain Pierre G. T. Beauregard, who was dismissed shortly after Beauregard's home state of Louisiana seceded from the Union, and <mask> returned as superintendent serving until March 1, 1861. In the beginning of the Civil War he advised the governor of New York Edwin D. Morgan during the volunteer force creation. Then, in 1861–1864, he was put in charge of New York Harbor defenses, including Governors Island and Fort at Sandy Hook. On May 19, 1864, he was commissioned a brigadier-general after replacing Joseph Gilbert Totten, who had died, as the Chief of

masks: Delafield Delafield Delafield


title: Richard Delafield

texts:
 Engineers, United States Army Corps of Engineers, on April 22, 1864. He stayed in charge of the Bureau of Engineers of the War Department until his retirement on August 8, 1866. On March 8, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Delafield for appointment to the grade of brevet major general in the Regular Army of the United States, to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on May 4, 1866 and reconfirmed it due to a technicality on July 14, 1866. Later life
After retirement Delafield served as a regent of the Smithsonian Institution and a member of the Lighthouse Board.He died in Washington, D.C. on November 5, 1873. The Secretary of War ordered that 13 guns be fired in his memory at West Point. He is buried at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York. Family
Delafield's first wife Helen Summers, whom he married in 1824, passed away after four months into the marriage. In 1833 he married Harriet Baldwin Covington (1811–1894) with whom he had eight children, among them:
Henry Baldwin <mask> (1834–1847)
Susan Parish <mask> (1836–1896)
Juliet Covington <mask> (1837–1925)
<mask> (1840–1938)
<mask> (1843–1886)
<mask> (1846–1920), who married Julia Floyd (1846–1929), granddaughter of U.S. Representative William Floyd

See also

List of American Civil War generals (Union)

References

This article contains public domain text from

External links
 Civil War Defenses of Washington, Historic Resource Study, by the U.S. National Park Service, Part 1, Chapter 5
 Civil War Defenses of Washington, Historic Resource Study, by the U.S. National Park Service, Part 2, Chapter 1
 “ Ridiculous failure” - George McClellan and the Delafield Commission
 America's Civil War Comes to West Point
 Engineers In The Civil War
 Transportation Of The Wounded In The Civil War

1798 births
1873 deaths
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
Cornell family
Union Army generals
Superintendents of the United States Military Academy
United States Military Academy alumni
Military personnel from New York

masks:
Delafield
Delafield
Delafield
Emma Delafield
Laura Delafield
Albert Delafield


title: Abu Sa'id Mirza

texts:
<mask>'<mask> (Chagatay/; 14248 February 1469) was the ruler of the Timurid Empire during the mid-fifteenth century. Born a minor prince of the Timurid dynasty, <mask>'id quickly established himself as the most prominent among his warring relations. Over the course of two decades, he reunified much of the Timurid Empire, which had become fractured in the aftermath of the death of his great-uncle Shah Rukh. However, <mask>'id's hopes of restoring the empire to its former extent at the time of Timur ultimately failed after he was killed during an invasion of what is now western Iran. He was the paternal grandfather of Babur, who later founded the Mughal Empire of India. Early life and background
<mask>'<mask> was born in 1424, the second son of the Timurid prince <mask> by his wife Shah Islam. His father was a son of Miran Shah, himself the third son of Timur.His mother was the daughter of Suhrab Kurd and a relative of Izz al-din Shir of Hakkari, who was a former adversary of Timur's. His father appears to have had little involvement in political matters, though <mask> did maintain a close relationship with his influential cousin Ulugh Beg, son of the ruling sultan Shah Rukh and governor of Transoxiana. When the former visited <mask> on his death-bed, the dying prince took <mask>'id's hand and placed it in Ulugh Beg's, putting the boy under his protection. Initial power struggles
<mask>'id was given a role at Ulugh Beg's court, later receiving his daughter in marriage through good service. However, upon Ulugh Beg's ascension to the Timurid throne following the death of Shah Rukh, <mask>'id turned against his benefactor. In 1449, while the former was suppressing the rebellion of his son Abdal-Latif, <mask>'id left his post on the northern borders and used a group of Arghun tribesmen to lead an attack on the capital Samarqand. Ulugh Beg's other son Abdal-Aziz retreated to the citadel and warned his

masks:
Abu Sa
id Mirza
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
id Mirza
Muhammad Mirza
Muhammad Mirza
Muhammad Mirza
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa


title: Abu Sa'id Mirza

texts:
 father, who marched his army back to the city, forcing <mask>'id to retreat.However, Abdal-Latif used this distraction to his advantage, pursuing and defeating Ulugh Beg, who he had assassinated soon after. <mask>'id led his forces against his cousin, but was also defeated, as well as being taken captive. <mask>'id escaped his imprisonment in Samarqand in 1450, fleeing to Bukhara. However, he found little support there and was imprisoned, only being spared execution when news of Abdal-Latif's death reached the city. The Bukhari nobles hastened to release the prince and swore their allegiance to him, upon which he immediately marched against the new ruler, Ulugh Beg's nephew <mask>. After an initial failed assault on Samarqand, <mask>'id and his small group of followers seized the frontier town of Yasi. When Abdullah marched his forces out in retaliation, <mask>'id appealed to the Uzbek ruler <mask>'l-Khayr Khan for aid.The latter agreed and their combined forces defeated Abdullah in June 1451. Given that his rival was killed during the battle, the victors were able to enter Samarqand unopposed. <mask>'id claimed the Timurid throne and in thanks to the Uzbeks, gave <mask>'l-Khayr Khan rich presents as well as Ulugh Beg's daughter in marriage. Reign

Encounters with Timurid princes
When <mask>'id annexed Balkh in 1454, another Timurid, <mask>-Qasim Babur of Herat, led his forces against him in response, culminating in a siege on Samarqand. However, the two sides eventually agreed on a truce, establishing the Amu Darya river as a border. This treaty remained in effect until <mask>-Qasim Babur's death in 1457, when his young son and successor Mahmud was ousted from Herat by <mask>, a great-nephew of Ulugh Beg. <mask>'id, who desired to conquer the city as well as the surrounding region of Khorasan, led his forces against Ibrahim, forcing the latter to flee.However, he was unable to capture the city

masks:
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abdullah Mirza
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu
Abu Sa
Abu
Abu Sa
Abul
Abul
Ibrahim Mirza
Abu Sa


title: Abu Sa'id Mirza

texts: until 1456. The following year, <mask>'id had Shah Rukh's aged widow, the influential dowager-empress Gawhar Shad executed, having accused her of conspiring with Ibrahim, who was her great-grandson. Noting the conflict among the Timurid princes, Jahan Shah, ruler of the Qara Qoyunlu, took advantage of the situation and marched his forces into the region, capturing Herat in 1458. Jahan Shah had already had great success in conquering much of the western Timurid territories. However, as he was facing a revolt by his son Hasan Ali, he was forced to abandon his latest conquests, allowing the re-annexation of Khorasan by <mask>'id, who subsequently made Herat his capital. Friendly relations were established between the two rulers, with multiple embassy missions taking place throughout the 1460s. During this period, <mask>'id continued to consolidate his power.In 1459, he defeated the combined forces of the three Timurid princes, Sultan Sanjar, <mask> and Ala al-Dawla, in the Battle of Sarakhs. Sanjar was captured and executed after the battle and the latter two died in exile in the following years. <mask>-Qasim Babur's ousted son Mahmud also died around this time. With the deaths of so many rivals, <mask>'id now had the resources to extend his dominion up to Mazandaran and Sistan. The sultan even succeeded in conquering Badakhshan, a region which Timur himself had gained only nominal suzerainty over. However, other Timurid princes remained who continued to challenge his rule. In 1454, Uways <mask>, a descendant of Timur's eldest son Umar Shaikh, started an uprising with the aid of <mask>'l-Khayr Khan, <mask>'id's erstwhile ally, during which the latter suffered a serious defeat.<mask>'id faced similar threats from another descendant of Umar Shaikh, Sultan Husayn Bayqara. The latter had previously captured Gorgan from a Qara Qoyunlu chief when Jahan Shah had withdrawn from the region. Although he

masks:
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Ibrahim Mirza
Abul
Abu Sa
Mirza
Abu
Abu Sa
Abu Sa


title: Abu Sa'id Mirza

texts:
 initially swore fealty to <mask>'id, when his overlord was distracted by a rebellion in 1460, Husayn Bayqara occupied Mazandaran and then laid siege to Herat the following year. Although he was later expelled from these lands, Husayn Bayqara nevertheless continued to make raids into <mask>'id's territories with impunity. In 1461, Muhammad Juki, son of Abdal-Latif, also rose in rebellion. He pillaged his way through Transoxiana before occupying the city of Shahrukhiyya, where <mask>'id was forced to launch an extended siege which lasted from November 1462 to September 1463. War with the Aq Qoyunlu
Towards the end of 1467, <mask>'id received word of the death of Jahan Shah at the hands of Uzun Hasan, the ruler of the Aq Qoyunlu, a kingdom which had previously been the traditional allies of the Timurids.<mask>'id, in spite of his warm relations with Jahan Shah, had never truly abandoned hopes of recapturing the western territories which had previously been conquered by the Qara Qoyunlu. Seeing these lands now being absorbed by the Aq Qoyunlu, <mask>'id was aware that any chance of reclaiming them was unlikely if Uzun Hasan's rise was not checked. Therefore, under the pretext of responding to Jahan Shah's son Hasan Ali's appeal for aid, <mask>'id launched a campaign against the Aq Qoyunlu in February 1468. It seems that this campaign was an impulsive undertaking, with little initial planning being involved. This became clear when <mask>'id began to advance without waiting for all his troops to arrive, thus failing to ensure that he had adequate reserves. Though he did manage to dislodge the Aq Qoyunlu governors of Iraq-i Ajam and Fars, as well as having his authority recognised in areas such as Gilan, he did not do enough to establish order in the hinterland as he advanced. Some important strongholds were not captured and were even bypassed entirely, such as the city of Ray.He also paid little

masks:
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa


title: Abu Sa'id Mirza

texts:
 attention to declarations of friendship and peaceful intentions from Uzun Hasan which reached him en route. However, <mask>'id's situation during this time was relatively favourable. Following Jahan Shah's death, there were a fair number of his former amirs who were eager to support a new leader in a fight against Uzun Hasan. Therefore, upon the arrival of the Timurid army in Miyana, <mask>'id was joined by these amirs as well as 50,000 Turkmen troops. Jahan Shah's sons Yusuf and Hasan Ali, as well as the latter's son Amirzada Ali, also lent their support. When the army reached the banks of the Araxes, the Shirvanshah Farrukh Yassar too joined in the coalition. In spite of this strength, the Timurid army soon found itself in a dangerous situation before any true fighting was engaged.Already suffering from difficulties posed by the Azerbaijani winter, the troops began to face serious supply issues. This was due to the supply routes back to Khorasan, stretching over 1200 miles, being vulnerable to disruption. A supply column was intercepted by Uzun Hasan, who also blocked off access to ships carrying provisions from Shirvan. In addition to this, he quickly succeeded in blocking all routes through which reinforcements could be brought, and mounted attacks from Ray against Timurid communications. The lack of food, winter clothing, riding and transport animals as well as continual surprise raids by the Aq Qoyunlu undermined the morale of <mask>'id's troops. This worsened when Uzun Hasan convinced Farrukh Yassar to defect from the Timurids, resulting in a large number of desertions. Death and aftermath
The demoralised and depleted army marched via Ardabil into the Mugan steppes, where they were met by the Aq Qoyunlu troops.In the ensuing disastrous Battle of Qarabagh, <mask>'id suffered heavy losses and was taken prisoner. Uzun Hasan handed the captive sultan over to Yadgar <mask>, a Timurid who had

masks:
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Muhammad Mirza


title: Abu Sa'id Mirza

texts:
 been taking refuge with him. In vengeance for the execution of his great-grandmother Gawhar Shad twelve years previously, Yadigar had <mask>'id executed on 8 February 1469. Uzun Hasan sent his decapitated head to Qaitbay, the Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, who gave it an Islamic burial. <mask>'id's death resulted in the final loss of all Timurid lands west of Khorasan. What remained of the empire was divided among various princes. <mask>'id's eldest son Sultan Ahmad received Samarqand, while his second son Sultan Mahmud gained Badakhshan and Hissar.A third son, Ulugh Beg II, became ruler of Kabul and Ghazni while the fourth, Umar Shaikh, inherited Ferghana. However, the greatest of the new Timurid rulers was not one of <mask>'id's sons, but rather Husayn Bayqara, who reigned from his former overlord's capital of Herat. Administration

<mask>'id was able to bring stability to the internal situation of his empire, in a region that had previously been subject to the conflicts of multiple bellicose factions. However, this was not achieved without considerable bloodshed, with his advent to power being accompanied by murders and executions which surpassed in cruelty even those seen during Timur's reign. The scholar Khwandamir reports that court officials were deposed and sometimes killed for misappropriating funds, including <mask>'id's vizier Qutb al-Din Simnani. When the army tax-collector Khwaja Mu'izz al-Din and moneychanger Shaikh Ahmad were accused of bribery and extortion in 1462, <mask>'id had the pair brutally executed. Shaikh Ahmad was skinned alive at the gates of Herat, while Khwaja Mu'izz al-Din was boiled in a cauldron at the foot of the citadel.Women could also be caught up in the court intrigues. This includes <mask>'id's execution of Gawhar Shad, which was viewed negatively by contemporary chroniclers. He is generally seen as a typical representative of the Turkmen military aristocracy. His


title: Abu Sa'id Mirza

texts: main prop to power was the Arghuns, a Turk tribe which had early on elected him as their chief and upon whom he counted for support in his political and military ventures. In return, the tribe was greatly favoured, with it being notable that <mask>'id's chief wife was the daughter of an Arghun lord. He consolidated his power through the granting of fiefs, which he provided generously to leading members of the tribe, his sons, as well as secular and religious dignitaries. <mask>'id's rule was also buoyed by the support of the religious classes.His policies were subsequently greatly influenced by Islamic dervishes, who tended to oppose the cultural expressions which marked the reign of his predecessor Ulugh Beg. The most prominent among these dervishes was the Sufi Naqshbandi shaikh, Ubaydullah al-Ahrar, with whom the sultan shared a close relationship. Under Ahrar's encouragement, <mask>'id re-instituted Sharia law in Samarqand and Bukhara, and removed taxes on commerce which could not be reconciled with religious doctrine. It was also partially through the shaikh's persuasion that <mask>'id launched his final, fatal campaign against the Aq Qoyunlu. However, another powerful dervish, Burhan al-Din, titled "Shaikh al-Islam", also held great power in the royal court. Unlike Ahrar, Burhan al-Din sought to the preserve the traditions of Ulugh Beg. <mask>'id made use of the authority of either shaikh depending on the circumstance.Ahrar's influence held sway among the common people as well as the army, while Burhan al-Din's cultural interests more closely aligned with that of the government, which proved useful when faced with popular uprisings. It is perhaps in response to these types of uprisings that <mask>'id developed a special interest in agriculture and the welfare of peasants. Among other policies, he began tax provisions which favoured agriculture and made improvements to existing irrigation

masks:
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa


title: Abu Sa'id Mirza

texts:
 systems. In regard to the latter, his vizier Qutb al-Din Simnani was particularly active in the construction of the Juy-i Sultani Canal to the north of Herat. <mask>'id himself does not seem to have personally engaged in large-scale building projects, perhaps because of the time he spent on campaigns. However, there are some works which have been credited to him. This includes the Aq Saray (white palace) in Herat, which shifted the royal living space to outside the city walls, "marking a conscious break with the past."Other public works attributed to him include repairs to the Gulistān dam "while at the same time appropriating the lands it watered". Buildings include an aiwan at the musalla in Herat, repairs to Ghār-i Karukh which includes an inscription, and construction of a spa and bath at Ūba (Obeh), a "resort for the Timurids" in their summer quarters. Legacy
Views on <mask>'id tend to be favourable based on his success in maintaining a large, cohesive dominion for nearly two decades, in spite of being involved in a near continual state of warfare. The 15th century historian Mīr-Khvānd in his Rawżat aṣ-ṣafāʾ described <mask>'id as "supreme amongst the princes of the House of Timur in high enterprise, lofty rank and perfect discernment. He was a friend and patron of scholars, theologians and men of letters, and during the period of his rule the lands of Turkistan, Turan, Khorasan, Zabulistan, Sistan and Mazandaran attained the zenith of prosperity." However, in spite of his achievements, <mask>'id failed in his endeavour to restore the Timurid Empire to its extent at the time of Timur, or even that of Shah Rukh. He was unable to achieve a lasting peace in his domains and within forty years of his death, nearly all his territories were lost to external invasions.However, these losses eventually pushed his grandson Babur to begin his conquests in the Indian subcontinent, leading to the

masks:
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa
Abu Sa


title: Jean Muir

texts:
<mask>  ( ; 17 July 1928 – 28 May 1995) was a British fashion designer. Early life and career
<mask> was born in London, the daughter of <mask>, a draper's floor superintendent, and his wife, Phyllis Coy. Her father was an Aberdonian, and <mask> would attribute her creative pragmatism and self-discipline to this Scottish ancestry. Her parents separated while she was still a child, and she and her brother Christopher were brought up in Bedford by their mother. She was educated at the Bedford Girls' Modern School (subsequently renamed Dame Alice Harpur School, and as of 2010, merged into the Bedford Girls' School). She showed a precocious talent for needlework, claiming to have been able to knit, embroider, and sew by the age of six. At the age of seventeen, she left school and went to work at an electoral registration office at Bedford Town Hall.She then moved to London, where she worked briefly in a solicitor's office before taking a stockroom job at Liberty & Co in 1950. She worked her way upwards to selling over the counter, and then despite her lack of formal art college training, was given the opportunity to sketch in Liberty's ready to wear department. This would serve as her apprenticeship, and led to her gaining a job as designer for Jaeger in 1956. While there, she helped develop the Young Jaeger fashion label. Jane & Jane (1962–1966)
Upon leaving Jaeger, <mask> was approached by David Barnes, a mass-market jersey dress manufacturer, who was keen to have her talents on board as a designer for his brand. <mask> declined, as she did not wish to design for the mass market. Undeterred, Barnes offered to fund her own design label, and so Jane & Jane launched in 1962.In 1964, <mask> won the first of her three Dress Of The Year awards for a Jane & Jane dress in printed Liberty silk, which is preserved as part of the Dress Of The Year collection at the Fashion Museum, Bath. From the outset, <mask>'s designs demonstrated the pared-down

masks:
Jean Elizabeth Muir
Jean Muir
Cyril Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Jean Muir
Muir


title: Jean Muir

texts:
 understatement and easy fit that would become her design signature. Jane & Jane was one of the first companies to bring couture standards and quality to the wholesale fashion industry. <mask> used Liberty textiles in many of her designs. After <mask> left in 1966 to launch Jean Muir Ltd., the Jane & Jane brand was sold to the ready-to-wear fashion house Susan Small, where it continued for several years before quietly disappearing circa 1970. Jean Muir Ltd. (1966–2007)
Jean Muir Ltd. was founded in August 1966 by <mask> and her husband Harry Leuckert in partnership. The first collection was presented in October.The designs continued the tradition established at Jane & Jane. <mask> used the best quality fabrics, working in silk, cashmere, jersey and crepe, with a focus on form and fluidity. She made coats and jackets from soft leather and supple suede. <mask> rarely used printed textiles, and avoided unnecessary decoration. Where she used decoration, it was integral to the garment, such as pintucking, decorative but functional buttons or rows of parallel topstitching on cuffs or collars for reinforcement. During the 1980s, <mask> sometimes decorated clothing with sequins. <mask>'s designs were aimed towards the woman with a mature outlook, regardless of age.She avoided creating clothes for fantasy figures, but focused on modern, restrained elegance. She ignored the fads of high fashion design, but focused on creating a consistently evolving series of understated, sober clothes. She was a sensualist who cared about how her clothes felt to wear as well as how they looked to others. <mask> placed pockets at hip level to encourage the wearer to hold her shoulders back confidently. She eliminated bust darts as she preferred to mould fabric rather than cut it. Her designs were intended to fit into a limited and integrated wardrobe, and to avoid distracting the wearer. Despite being known to posterity almost exclusively for black dresses, her eye for

masks:
Muir
Muir
Jean Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir


title: Jean Muir

texts:
 colour was very definite.She favoured dark and deep blues, very dark greens, and heather-toned purples as well as intensely bright orange and deep saffron yellow. She was a perfectionist about her colours, working closely with fabric mills and dyers to achieve her ideal tones. <mask> has been described as bringing common sense to clothing design to the pitch of genius. Jane Mulvagh describes <mask> clothes as being comfortable and effortless, and, "once donned, easily forgotten by the wearer but never the beholder." Following her 1964 win whilst at Jane & Jane, <mask> went on to win the Dress Of The Year award twice more. She won in 1968 for a ruffled white voile dress with black polka dots, and in 1979 for an ensemble comprising a black rayon jersey beret and dress worn with a black leather jacket. As with her 1964 design, these outfits are preserved at the Fashion Museum, Bath.From 1985, the majority interest in Jean Muir Ltd. was held by the textile manufacturer Coats PLC. <mask> regained ownership in 1989. <mask> was made a Fellow of the Chartered Society of Designers, and was a recipient of the Minerva Medal, the Society's highest award. In 1984, she was awarded a CBE. <mask> also received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1992

The company continued despite <mask>'s death in 1995. Leuckert continued his directorship, while the designs were produced under the supervision of Joyce Fenton-Douglas and a group of four designers who had all formerly worked with <mask>. In 2004, the first Jean Muir Ltd. shop was opened on Conduit Street, London.It was managed by Leuckert's daughter Friederike. On 19 January 2007, the directors announced that Jean Muir Ltd. would be closing down. Leuckert made a statement to the effect that he had hoped that they could take the retail route based on the success of the Conduit Street shop. This required substantial outside investment, but they had not been able to come to any agreement with

masks:
Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Jean Muir
Muir


title: Jean Muir

texts:
 interested parties. He further said:

"It is sad, but I believe this is the way <mask> would have wanted it. I have, of course, had offers, but I do not want <mask>'s name to fall into the wrong hands and be mis-used. That would be horrendous and she would have hated it."The <mask> shop continued to trade, stocking the final collection for Spring/Summer 2007, before it closed down for good. Celebrity clients and admirers

The actress Joanna Lumley was <mask>'s first house model, and became a muse, close friend and loyal customer. She was often photographed modelling <mask>'s designs in the fashion press. Other well-known <mask> clients included Lauren Bacall, Maggie Smith, Judi Dench, Charlotte Rampling, Julie Walters, Joan Plowright, Dr. Miriam Stoppard and Patricia Hodge. In 1967, <mask> provided Eleanor Bron's wardrobe for the 1967 film Bedazzled. She did wardrobe for only one other film, Betrayal, in 1983. Her designs were also worn by public figures such as the author and historian Lady Antonia Fraser and the publisher Carmen Callil.Other fans of vintage <mask> include Kate Moss and Stella McCartney. Diffusion lines and capsule collections of Jean Muir Ltd.

 1983: <mask> in Cotton
 1983: <mask> in Wool
 1984: <mask> for Men (menswear)
 1984: <mask> at Home (homewares)
 1986-1995: Jean Muir Studio collection developed, this was a lower-priced line. Early 1990s: Jean <mask> Essentials (lower-priced separates)

Personal life
<mask> had a discreet but complicated private life. In 1955, she married a German actor, Harry Leuckert, with whom she co-founded Jean Muir Ltd. and lived in London and Lorbottle Hall near Alnwick in Northumberland. Their marriage was unconventional, described by Leuckert as "wonderful and loving, but never singular". In 1976, Leuckert fathered a daughter, Friederike, with another woman. His wife was aware of this, and Leuckert continued to live with her whilst paying regular visits to his daughter and her mother, Ingrid,

masks:
Jean
Jean
Jean Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Jean Muir
Jean Muir
Jean Muir
Jean Muir
Muir
Jean Muir


title: Jean Muir

texts:
 in Germany.According to Friederike, this was normal:

"People find that hard to believe, but <mask> knew about it, my mother knew about it and I knew about it. Nothing was hidden, but nor was it public". Leuckert married Ingrid following the death of his wife. Friederike went on to become manager of the flagship <mask> Muir shop in London when it opened in 2004. Death and legacy
<mask> died in 1995, aged 67, at the London Clinic, of breast cancer. She was buried at St Bartholomew's Church in Whittingham, Northumberland. At the funeral, by request of the deceased, her friends all wore black with white flowers.She had kept her terminal illness secret from even close friends, working right up to the end. Shortly before her death, she began fundraising for the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh. Her husband and Jean Muir Ltd. continued the work begun, and pledged money in her memory, as did many of her personal friends and loyal customers. In recognition of her work, the Museum's Silver Room is dedicated to <mask>, while Jean Muir Ltd is named upon the founder's stone at the Museum entrance. In 2005, Leuckert donated <mask>'s archive collection of her fashion and accessory designs to the National Museums of Scotland. A special exhibition on <mask>'s design career opened on 7 November 2008 at the Museum. In April 2021 English Heritage announced that <mask> was one of six women who they were honouring with a blue plaque this year, marking the central London showroom and office of her flagship brand, Jean Muir Ltd.

References

External links
 Jean Muir Info; the family website
 Jean Muir Archive, National Museums Scotland

1928 births
1995 deaths
English people of Scottish descent
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Deaths from breast cancer
English fashion designers
British women fashion designers
Chartered designers
Artists from London
Deaths from cancer in England
People educated at Dame Alice Harpur School
People from

masks:
Miss Muir
Jean
Jean Muir
Jean Muir
Jean Muir
Muir
Muir


title: Ruqaiya Sultan Begum

texts:
Ruqaiya <mask>gum (alternative spelling: Ruqayya, Ruqayyah) ( – 19 January 1626) was the first wife and one of the three chief consorts of the third Mughal emperor, Akbar. She is also the longest-serving Mughal empress, having a tenure of almost fifty years. Ruqaiya was a first cousin of her husband and was a Mughal princess by birth. Her father, Hindal Mirza, was the youngest brother of Akbar's father, Humayun. She was betrothed to Akbar at the age of nine and married him at 14, but remained childless throughout her marriage. She was a senior-ranking wife of Akbar owing to her exalted lineage. In later life, she raised Akbar's grandson, Khurram (the future emperor Shah Jahan).Family and lineage

Ruqaiya <mask>gum was born into the Timurid dynasty as a Mughal princess, and was the only daughter of Mughal prince Hindal Mirza, the youngest son of the first Mughal emperor Babur from his wife Dildar <mask>. Ruqaiya's mother, <mask> <mask>, was the daughter of Muhammad Musa Khwaja and the younger sister of Mahdi Khwaja, who was the brother-in-law of Emperor Babur, being the husband of his sister, Khanzada <mask>. Ruqaiya was named after the Islamic Prophet Muhammad's daughter, Ruqayyah bint Muhammad. Ruqaiya's oldest paternal uncle was the second Mughal emperor Humayun (who later became her father-in-law as well), while her most notable paternal aunt was the imperial princess, Gulbadan <mask>, the author of Humayun-nama ("Book of Humayun"). Ruqaiya was a descendant of Timur or Tamerlane the Great through his son Miran Shah, like her husband Akbar. Marriage to Akbar

On 20 November 1551, Hindal Mirza died fighting valorously for

masks:
Sultan Be
Sultan Be
Begum
Sultanam
Begum
Begum
Begum


title: Ruqaiya Sultan Begum

texts: Humayun in a battle against their half-brother, Kamran Mirza's forces. Humayun was overwhelmed with grief upon the death of his youngest brother, who had expiated for his former disobedience by his blood, but his amirs consoled him by saying that his brother was blessed in having thus fallen a martyr in the service of the Emperor.Out of affection to the memory of his brother, Humayun betrothed Hindal's nine-year-old daughter, Ruqaiya, to his son Akbar. Their betrothal took place in Kabul, Afghanistan, shortly after Akbar's first appointment as a viceroy in the province of Ghazni. On their engagement, Humayun conferred on the imperial couple, all the wealth, army and adherents of Hindal, and Ghazni, which was one of Hindal's jagir, was given to Akbar, who was appointed as its viceroy and was also given the command of his uncle's army. During the period of political uncertainty following Humayun's death in 1556, Ruqaiya and the other female members of the imperial family were staying in Kabul. In 1557, Ruqaiya came to India and joined Akbar in Punjab, shortly after Sikandar Shah was defeated and had submitted to the Mughals. She was accompanied by her mother-in-law Hamida Banu Begum, her aunt Gulbadan Begum, and many other female members of the imperial family. Ruqaiya's marriage with Akbar was solemnized near Jalandhar, Punjab, when both of them were 14 years-old.About the same time, her 18-year-old first-cousin, Salima <mask>, married Akbar's considerably older regent, Bairam Khan. After resting for about four months in Punjab, the imperial family set out for Delhi. The Mughals were at last ready to settle down in India.


title: Ruqaiya Sultan Begum

texts:
 princess as well as Akbar's first wife. Once, Ruqaiya and her mother-in-law, Hamida Banu <mask>, by their joint effort could not secure a pardon for a Sunni Muslim who had murdered a Shia in Lahore purely out of religious fanaticism.In 1607, Ruqaiya was taken to a hunting trip organized by Jahangir to the Gardens of Babur in Kabul and for the first time, visited the mausoleum of her father Hindal Mirza, as well as those of her other ancestors. In the same year, Sher Afghan Khan, the jagirdar of Burdwan died and his widowed wife, Mehr-un-Nissa (later Empress Nur Jahan) was summoned to Agra by Jahangir for providing her protection and was a lady in waiting to Ruqaiya <mask>. Given the precarious political connections of Sher Afghan before his death, his family was in great danger and therefore for her protection, Mehr-un-Nissa needed to be at the Mughal court in Agra. Mehr-un-Nissa was flattered to have been brought with her daughter into Ruqaiya's service, for even though she had relatives at court, such as her father Mirza Ghias Beg, her husband had gone down in ignominy and she could have rightly expected only the worst. Mehr-un-Nissa and her daughter, Ladli Begum, served as ladies-in-waiting to the Empress for four years. The relationship that grew up between Ruqaiya and Mehr-un-Nissa appears to have been a tender one. The Dutch merchant and travel writer, Pieter van den Broecke, described their relationship in his Hindustan Chronicle: "This <mask> [Ruqaiya] conceived a great affection for Mehr-un-Nissa [Nur Jahan]; she loved her more than others and always kept her in her company."Death

Ruqaiya died in 1626 in Agra, at

masks: Begum Sultan Begum


title: Viktor Dankl von Krasnik

texts:
<mask> (Born as <mask>; 18 September 18548 January 1941) was a highly decorated Austro-Hungarian officer who reached the pinnacle of his service during World War I with promotion to the rare rank of Colonel General (Generaloberst). His successful career met an abrupt end in 1916 due to both his performance on the Italian front and health issues. After the war, he would be a vocal apologist for both his country's war record and the dethroned Habsburg monarchy. Early life & career
<mask> was born in the then Imperial Austrian  Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia (dissolved in 1866 and since 1919 in Italy). His father was a Captain in the army from nearby Venice. His secondary education would first take place in Görz (now Gorizia), where his family relocated after his father's retirement, and then in Triest (now Trieste). Both schools were German language Gymnasiums.In 1869, at the age of fourteen, he moved on to the Cadet Institute at St. Pölten, Lower Austria. From 1870 until 1874 he attended the Theresian Military Academy at Wiener-Neustadt, also in Lower Austria. Upon completion of the academy, <mask> was assigned to the Third Dragoon Regiment as a Second Lieutenant. After completion of the War School in Vienna, he became a general staff officer in 1880. For the next two decades, he rose through the officer ranks, becoming the head of the central office of the Austro-Hungarian general staff in 1899. In 1903 he was promoted to the rank of major general and given command of the Sixty-sixth Infantry Brigade in Trieste. From 1905 until 1907 he would head up the Sixteenth Infantry Brigade, also in Trieste.After being promoted to a lieutenant Field Marshal (Feldmarschalleutnant), Krasnik would receive command of the Thirty-sixth Division in Zagreb until 1912, at which point he was moved to Innsbruck to command the Fourteenth Corps. Later that same year, on October 29, Krasnik was elevated to the rank of General of Cavalry. Service during World War I
At the beginning of war in summer 1914, <mask> was put in command of the Austro-Hungarian First Army. That August

masks: Viktor Julius Ignaz Ferdinand Graf Dankl von Kásnik


title: Viktor Dankl von Krasnik

texts: the First Army, along with the Fourth Army, would compose the northwestern flank of Austro-Hungarian Chief of Staff, Franz Conrad <mask>’s, push towards Russian forces in Russian Poland and the Galicia region. On August 22, after crossing the San River, Krasnik's army would engage the Russian Fourth Army at the Austro-Hungarian town of Kraśnik. The ensuing battle of Kraśnik ended three days later with Dankl victorious and the Russian Fourth Army retreating back towards the city of Lublin in Russian territory. Krasnik pursued his opponents after the battle but was ultimately forced to withdraw after a series of defeats further southeast along the Austro-Hungarian lines in the largescale battle of Galicia.For his victory at Kraśnik, the first for Austria-Hungary in the war, Krasnik would later be decorated with the Commander's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order on August 17, 1917 (see below). <mask> experienced a good deal of fame and popularity after the battle, becoming something of a national hero until his once rising star would be tarnished by setbacks later on in the war. After being driven back by Russian forces <mask> and his First Army were part of a renewed offensive in October 1914 that was undertaken with the German forces to the north and west. Gains made during this drive proved to be only temporary as more or less of a stalemate developed in Dankl's area. The First Army did not see much action during the winter of 1914-15 and were held as reserves for more active Carpathian part of the front further east. During the following spring <mask> would lead his third and final offensive with the First Army. The Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive in May 1915 enjoyed early success and <mask>'s First Army had once again achieved an advance.However, his renewed success would be cut short by a loss at the battle of Opatów which stalled any further push. On May 23, 1915, Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary and <mask> was soon reassigned to the resulting new front in Austria-Hungary's southwest. He would be made commander-in-chief of the defense of

masks:
von Höendorf
Krasnik
Krasnik
Krasnik
Dankl
Dankl


title: Viktor Dankl von Krasnik

texts:
 Tyrol, his headquarters in Bolzano. Like much of the Austro-Hungarian Army during the war, the forces under his command were poorly supplied and had inferior equipment. Furthermore, they were outnumbered. Throughout the remainder of 1915 and into early 1916, Dankl was able to hold the line, halting numerous Italian attempts to break through into Austria-Hungary. This bought important time for the front to be reinforced.His forces were able to overcome their disadvantages due to their often superior leadership and experience. In March 1916 <mask> was given command of the Eleventh Army and on May 1 he was promoted to colonel general. Later that month he would be part of the Asiago offensive, a plan masterminded by Franz Conrad <mask>, the architect of the 1914 Austro-Hungarian advance in Galicia. <mask> and the Eleventh Army were assigned the critical task of making an initial breakthrough that could be exploited by additional reinforcements (the Third Army). The attack commenced on May 15 and initially, Krasnik was quite successful. He managed to cut through the first and second Italian lines and move south of Rovereto to the Posino Valley. On May 20 this surge stalled due to the inability of artillery to negotiate the treacherous snowy mountain roads.It was not until June that the Austro-Hungarians were able to try a largescale advance. By this time the Italians had regrouped and some Austro-Hungarian forces were siphoned off to the Eastern Front. As a result, a stalemate set in. Once again <mask> had produced an impressive advance that would prove to be short-lived. His role in the offensive would prove to be his undoing as a combat commander and he would be sidelined for the remainder of the war. Resignation, later career, and retirement
<mask> was criticized both by Army Group Command (Archduke Eugen) and by the Austro-Hungarian Supreme Command (Conrad). He had ignored an order given by Archduke Eugen to advance at a faster pace, disregarding the lack of artillery.How much <mask>'s slow and steady style contributed to the stalling of the Asiago

masks:
Krasnik
von Höorf
Krasnik
Krasnik
Dankl
Dankl


title: Viktor Dankl von Krasnik

texts: offensive is debatable. These charges and complaints, coupled with his very real health problems, caused the general to send a letter of resignation. On June 17, 1916 he was dismissed from command. His Eleventh Army chief of staff, Major General Pichler, was also relieved of his position. After undergoing an operation on his throat, specifically a goitre, he was assigned command of the First Arcièren-Leibgarde, part of the Imperial Guards, on January 21, 1917. <mask> rose to commander-in-chief of the Imperial Guards in February 1918 until he was replaced at that post by Conrad, his former superior officer during his time at the front, the following summer. He returned to the First Arcieren-Leibgarde, where he remained until the end of the Habsburg rule over Austria-Hungary.He was retired from the army on December 1, 1918 and moved to Innsbruck. In 1925 <mask> would assume the chancellorship of the Maria Theresa Order. This time he would be replacing a position held by Conrad, who left the vacancy upon his death that year. For the next six years he would be in charge of decorating Austro-Hungarian soldiers from World War I. He undertook this task with much enthusiasm, becoming an outspoken apologist of not only his fellow veterans but of Austria-Hungary in general. He even went so far as to advocate the return of the monarchy, putting himself at odds with the growing support of Austrian Nazi groups for Hitler and Germany. He was a firm opponent of the Anschluss, favoring an Imperial Austria under Habsburg to a Nazi German Reich under Hitler until the end.He refused totalitarianism, fascism, antisemitism and the Second World War. By the time of his death he was seen as a stark anachronism, out of step with the new era of the Greater German Reich. On January 8, 1941, <mask> died at the age of eighty-six. His wife had died a mere three days earlier. He was buried in the churchyard of Wilten Basilica in Innsbruck and his grave can still be visited. Due to his well-known anti-Nazi stance, the Wehrmacht was ordered not to honor Dankl with any sort of

masks:
Dankl
Dankl
Viktor Dankl


title: Viktor Dankl von Krasnik

texts:
 military ceremony. Honors and decorations

Throughout his mostly distinguished career, Dankl was the recipient of a large amount of military and non-military awards.Despite his reputation as being somewhat short tempered, he was noted as one of Austria-Hungary's finer generals of World War I by Conrad. On August 17, 1917 <mask> was decorated with the Commander's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order in recognition of his services during the battle of Kraśnik. In accordance with the statutes of this order, Dankl became a baron in his country's nobility and was since styled "Freiherr <mask>". In 1918, Emperor Charles I further advanced him to the degree of count and granted him the territorial title of "Kraśnik", after which he was styled "<mask> von Krasnik". This makes Dankl a rare example of a person in Austria who was born a commoner but rose to the title of count. In 1925, he was appointed as Chancellor of the Military Order of Maria Theresa as a successor to Conrad. His military awards include: the Commander's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order, the Grand Cross of the Order of Leopold with War Decoration, the Military Merit Cross First Class with War Decoration, the German Iron Cross of 1914, First and Second Class, the Marianer Cross of the Teutonic Order, and the Star of the Decoration for Services to the Red Cross with war decoration.Civilian honors include an honorary PhD from an Innsbruck University in philosophy, the naming of a "Dankl" street in Innsbruck and honorary membership in the German Student Corps Danubia Graz. Notes

References

External links

 First World War.com - Who's Who - Count <mask> <mask>rasnik
 Biography from austro-hungarian-army.co.uk

1854 births
1941 deaths
People from Austrian Littoral
People from Udine
19th-century Austrian people
20th-century Austrian people
Austro-Hungarian Army officers
Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I
Austrian generals
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
Commanders Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa
Counts of Austria
Theresian Military

masks:
Dankl
von Dankl
Graf Dankl
Viktor Dankl
von K


title: John Katko

texts:
<mask> (; born November 9, 1962) is an American attorney and politician who has served as the U.S. representative for New York's 24th congressional district, based in Syracuse, since 2015. A member of the Republican Party, he previously was an Assistant United States Attorney who led the organized crime division at the U.S. Attorney's Office in Syracuse. In that role, he helped to prosecute gang members under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act. In the 116th Congress, he was a co-chair of the House moderate Republican faction, the Tuesday Group. He is the sole chair of the renamed Republican Governance Group for the 117th Congress. <mask> was one of ten Republicans in the House who voted to impeach Donald Trump during Trump's second impeachment. On January 14, 2022, <mask> announced that he would not seek reelection in 2022.Early life and education
<mask> was born in Syracuse in 1962 and is a 1980 graduate of Bishop Ludden High School. He is of Slovak descent on his father's side. <mask> attended Niagara University, where he earned a bachelor of arts degree in political science in 1984. He earned his Juris Doctor from Syracuse University College of Law in 1988. Legal career
<mask> first entered private practice at a firm in Washington, D.C. Shortly thereafter he became a senior trial attorney in the Enforcement Division of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. He then spent 20 years as an Assistant United States Attorney in the United States Department of Justice.He served as a senior trial attorney on the Mexico–United States border in El Paso, Texas, and he was later assigned to San Juan, Puerto Rico. In April 2000, a Department of Justice-issued handgun was stolen from <mask>'s vehicle and used in a robbery in which two

masks:
John Michael Katko
Katko
Katko
Katko
Katko
Katko
Katko


title: John Katko

texts:
 people were killed. Katko had been issued the gun after receiving a threat against his life. The Syracuse Post-Standard later reported about the episode: "Katko broke no state or federal gun laws, and he was not disciplined by the Justice Department." After leaving the Department of Justice, <mask> moved to Camillus, New York, and spent 15 years working as a federal organized crime prosecutor in Syracuse, New York for the U.S. Attorney's Office in the Northern District of New York. In this role, he "led high-level narcotics prosecutions and was instrumental in formulating the Syracuse Gang Violence Task Force and successfully prosecuting the first-ever RICO gang case in the City of Syracuse, which led to a significant drop in the city's violent crime rate." He "also prosecuted political and police corruption cases."He retired from the Department of Justice in January 2013. U.S. House of Representatives

Elections
2014

<mask> challenged incumbent Representative Dan Maffei in the 2014 United States House of Representatives elections and was declared the winner on November 4 by more than 20 percentage points. This was the largest margin of defeat suffered by an incumbent in the 2014 election cycle. 2016

<mask> ran for reelection in 2016. He ran unopposed in the Republican primary. He faced Democratic nominee Colleen Deacon, U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand's former district director for Central New York, in the November general election.<mask> was reelected with 61% of the vote, even as Donald Trump lost this district by four points in the concurrent presidential election. 2018

National Democrats thought that this was one of the seats that they should have a chance at winning because Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton won this

masks: Katko Katko Katko Katko


title: John Katko

texts:
 district by four points in the 2016 election. The 2018 election was also heavily favored for the Democrats. In May 2018, The New York Times reported that the Democratic primary contest had attracted interest around the country. On June 26, 2018, Dana Balter, with 63% of the vote, defeated Juanita Perez Williams, with 37%, in the Democratic primary. <mask> defeated Balter with 53.1% of the vote in the November general election. 2020

<mask> was reelected in 2020 with 53% of the vote, but on January 3, 2022, the New York Independent Redistricting Commission proposed combining Ithaca, Syracuse, and Utica into one congressional district (the 24th); under that plan, <mask> would likely have to face Claudia Tenney, who currently represents the 22nd district, in a primary.Tenure
In 2016, eight Katko-sponsored bills passed the House; one became law. Katko had more bills pass the House that year than any other member of the 61-member freshman class elected in 2014. In 2018, <mask> was ranked the seventh-most bipartisan member of the House during the 115th United States Congress. He had voted in support of Trump's position 75.6% of the time. On December 18, 2019, Katko voted against both articles of impeachment against Trump. Of the 195 House Republicans who voted, all voted against both impeachment articles, as did one Democrat. In the 117th United States Congress, <mask> is the third most bipartisan member of the Republican caucus.As of November 27, 2021, he has supported President Joe Biden’s position 43% of the time. On January 12, 2021, <mask> became the first House Republican to say he would vote to impeach Trump in the pending vote on a second impeachment. This came in the aftermath of allegations that Trump incited a mob to storm the U.S. Capitol

masks: Katko Katko Katko Katko Katko Katko


title: John Katko

texts:
 building. In a statement, <mask> faulted Trump for fostering the environment that led to the attack and failing to "promptly and forcefully call it off." He believed that if Trump were not held to account for this behavior, it would pose "a direct threat to the future of our democracy." Earlier, <mask> had blamed Trump for the storming, saying the president's false claims of election fraud "incited and encouraged this unlawful and unpatriotic attack." As a result, <mask> said, he could no longer support Trump.He joined nine other Republicans in supporting impeachment on January 13. On February 4, 2021, <mask> joined 10 other Republican House members voting with all voting Democrats to strip Marjorie Taylor Greene of her House Education and Labor Committee and House Budget Committee assignments in response to controversial political statements she had made. In March 2021, Katko voted against the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021. On November 5, 2021, <mask> was one of 13 House Republicans to vote for the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. On January 14, 2022, <mask> announced that he would not seek reelection in 2022, citing a desire to spend more time with his family. At the time, <mask> was in line to chair the House Homeland Security Committee if Republicans were to win a majority in the 2022 elections. But CNN reported that perhaps also factoring into Katko's decision was that he had become a target on the right due to his support of Trump's second impeachment, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, and the creation of an independent and bipartisan commission to investigate the circumstances of the January 6 insurrection.Caucus memberships
Republican Main Street Partnership
Republican Governance Group (Chair)
Problem Solvers

masks: Katko Katko Katko Katko Katko Katko Katko


title: John Katko

texts:
 Caucus

Committee assignments
 Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
 Committee on Homeland Security
 As Ranking Member of the committee as a whole, <mask> serves as an ex officio member on all subcommittees. Political positions

Abortion
Katko opposes abortion. In 2014, he said he would reverse the Roe v. Wade 1973 Supreme Court decision if he could. He has voted multiple times to defund Planned Parenthood. Katko said that he favored funding for Planned Parenthood until the Planned Parenthood 2015 undercover videos controversy, during which anti-abortion activists claimed that the videos showed Planned Parenthood illegally selling fetal tissue, a claim found to be false. During his 2014 campaign, Katko said he would not defund the organization. At the time of the vote, he said he could not support additional funding of the organization while an investigation into its practices was ongoing.Budget
In February 2018, <mask> supported the Bipartisan Budget Act, saying that it would bring $1.4 million to Oswego Health in his district. Civil rights
In 2019, <mask> co-sponsored legislation to extend the protections of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to people regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity. Health insurance
In 2017, <mask> was one of only 20 Republicans to vote against the GOP Healthcare Bill. The act passed the House by a margin of 217–213. In 2019, <mask> voted with seven other Republicans to pass a resolution condemning the Trump administration's efforts by Department of Justice to have the courts invalidate the Affordable Care Act. January 6 commission
On May 14, 2021, <mask> and Representative Bennie Thompson, the House Homeland Security Committee chair, announced that they had struck a deal to create the January 6


title: John Katko

texts:
 commission, a bipartisan, independent commission meant to investigate the storming of the U.S. Capitol. The specifics of the commission's scope had been a topic of strong debate between Democratic and Republican leaders in Congress.On May 19, Katko became one of 35 Republicans who joined all 217 Democrats present in voting to establish the commission. Parental savings accounts
In 2016, with Representative Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona, Katko cosponsored the Working Parents Flexibility Act (H.R. 4699). This legislation would establish a tax-free "parental savings account" in which employers and parents could invest savings tax-free, with unused funds eligible to be "rolled into qualifying retirement, college savings or ABLE accounts for people with disabilities without tax penalties." School safety
After the shooting in Parkland, Florida, in February 2018, <mask> and Representative Henry Cuellar introduced the Securing Our Children Act of 2018, which would create a commission tasked with developing school safety and security policy. Steve Bannon
On October 21, 2021, <mask> was one of nine House Republicans who voted to hold Steve Bannon in contempt of Congress. LGBT rights
In 2022, <mask> was one of six Republicans to vote for the Global Respect Act, which imposes sanctions on foreign persons responsible for violations of the internationally recognized human rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI) people, and for other purposes.Personal life
<mask> was raised in suburban Camillus, New York, where he resides with his wife, Robin, and their three sons. See also
 Final Report of the Task Force on Combating Terrorist and Foreign Fighter Travel

References

External links

 Congressman <mask> official U.S. House website

masks:
Katko
Katko
Katko
Katko
John Katko


title: John Katko

texts:
 <mask> for Congress

|-

|-

1962 births
21st-century American politicians
American people of Slovak descent
Lawyers from Syracuse, New York
Living people
Members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state)
New York (state) Republicans
Niagara University alumni
People from Camillus, New York
Politicians from Syracuse, New York
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Syracuse University College of Law


title: Patricia Neway

texts:
<mask> (September 30, 1919 – January 24, 2012) was an American operatic soprano and musical theatre actress who had an active international career during the mid-1940s through the 1970s. One of the few performers of her day to enjoy equal success on both the opera and musical theatre stages, she was a regular performer on both Broadway and at the New York City Opera during the 1950s and 1960s. Critic Emily Langer of The Washington Post wrote that, "<mask> was a rare type of singer — one with the classical training and raw vocal strength to meet the demands of opera as well as the acting talent and appeal required to succeed in musical theater." She is particularly remembered for creating roles in the world premieres of several contemporary American operas, most notably Magda Sorel in Gian Carlo Menotti's The Consul. On Broadway she won a Tony Award for her portrayal of the Mother Abbess in the original production of Rodgers and Hammerstein's The Sound of Music. Biography
Born on Ditmas Avenue in Kensington, Brooklyn to Irish-American parents, <mask> grew up in Rosebank, Staten Island. Her father was a printing plant foreman who had briefly worked in vaudeville as the high tenor in a vocal quartet.She attended the Notre Dame Academy on Staten Island and then Notre Dame College, where she earned a degree in the sciences with a minor in mathematics. Although she had studied piano briefly as a child, her interest in music and singing awakened in her years at Notre Dame College after she began singing through a book of Neapolitan songs that her uncle had given to her father as a present. What began as a hobby turned into a passion and following her graduation from Notre Dame

masks:
Patricia Neway
Neway
Neway


title: Patricia Neway

texts: she entered the Mannes College of Music, where she earned a degree in vocal performance. She later studied singing with tenor Morris Gesell, whom she eventually married. While still a student, <mask> made her Broadway debut as a member of the chorus in a 1942 production of Jacques Offenbach's La Vie parisienne. In April 1944 she was the soprano soloist in the world premiere of Norman Dello Joio's The Mystic Trumpeter with conductor Robert Shaw and the Collegiate Chorale at Town Hall. She made her first opera appearance in a leading role in 1946, as Fiordiligi in Così fan tutte, at Chautauqua Opera.In 1948, she returned to Broadway to portray the Female Chorus in the United States premiere of Benjamin Britten's The Rape of Lucretia, at the Ziegfeld Theatre. In 1950, <mask> made opera history when she starred as Magda Sorel in the world premiere of Gian Carlo Menotti's critically acclaimed Cold War-era opera The Consul at the Shubert Theatre in Philadelphia, with Cornell MacNeil as John Sorel and Marie Powers as the Mother. Later that year, she went with the production to the Ethel Barrymore Theatre on Broadway, where it ran for 269 performances. She later recorded the role for Decca Records, and performed the role for the premieres in London, Paris, and other European cities. <mask>, Kuhlmann, and Powers also performed these roles in the UK at the Cambridge Theatre in February 1951, with Norman Kelley playing the role of the magician Nika. For her work in the Broadway production she won the Donaldson Award for Best Actress in a Musical in 1950. In 1951, <mask> made her debut with the New York City Opera (NYCO), where she returned often through 1966.Her first appearance

masks: Neway Neway Neway Neway


title: Patricia Neway

texts: with the company was as Leah in the world premiere of David Tamkin's The Dybbuk on April 10, 1951, with Robert Rounseville as Channon. She also notably sang in the world premiere of Hugo Weisgall's Six Characters in Search of an Author in 1959, with Beverly Sills. Among the many other productions she appeared in with the NYCO were: Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana (as Santuzza, conducted by Julius Rudel), Alban Berg's Wozzeck (as Marie, directed by Theodore Komisarjevsky), Menotti's The Consul (as Magda), Amahl and the Night Visitors (as the Mother), and The Medium (as Mme Flora), Bucci's Tale for a Deaf Ear (as Laura Gates), Carlisle Floyd's Wuthering Heights (as Nellie, opposite Phyllis Curtin as Catherine); Benjamin Britten's The Turn of the Screw (as the Governess, with Richard Cassilly as Peter Quint), and Richard Strauss's Salome (as Herodias), among others. While singing largely at the NYCO, <mask> continued to perform with other opera companies and on Broadway. In 1952 she sang and recorded the title heroine in Gluck's Iphigénie en Tauride at the Aix-en-Provence Festival. Between 1952–1954 she was engaged as a principal soprano at the Opéra-Comique, in Paris. While there, she gave two of the greatest performances of her opera career, portraying the title role in Giacomo Puccini's Tosca, and the role of Katerina Mihaylovna in Franco Alfano's Risurrezione.In 1955, she sang in the world premiere of Raffaello de Banfield's Una lettera d'amore di Lord Byron in New Orleans, with Astrid Varnay. In 1957 she portrayed Madame de Croissy for NBC Opera Theatre's production of Poulenc's Dialogues of the Carmelites, with Rosemary Kuhlmann as Mother Marie, Elaine Malbin as


title: Patricia Neway

texts:
 Blanche, and Leontyne Price as Mme Lidoine. Neway notably portrayed Miriam in the world premiere of Lee Hoiby's The Scarf at the very first Festival dei Due Mondi in Spoleto, Italy on June 20, 1958. In August 1958, she sang the role of the Mother in the world premiere of Menotti's Maria Golovin at the Brussels World's Fair. She continued with the production when it premiered on Broadway in November 1958, at the Martin Beck Theatre, under the umbrella of the NBC Opera Theatre. The following year she sang the role again with the New York City Opera in addition for recording the role for a national television broadcast on NBC.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1959/03/09/archives/opera-maria-golovin-nbc-company-gives-menotti-work-on-tv.html?sq=<mask>ay+Maria+Golovin+&scp=6&st=p|title=Opera: 'Maria Golovin; N.B.C. Company Gives Menotti Work on TV|author=Howard Taubman|author-link=Howard Taubman|work=The New York Times|date=March 9, 1959}}</ref>

In June 1959, Neway returned to the Spoleto Festival to portray Geraldine in the world premiere of Samuel Barber's A Hand of Bridge (which she recorded in 1960).The following November she returned to Broadway where she originated the role of the Mother Abbess in the original Broadway production of The Sound of Music, for which she won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical, in 1960. In 1963, <mask> created the role of Jenny MacDougald in the world premiere of Carlisle Floyd's The Sojourner and Mollie Sinclair, in Raleigh, North Carolina, opposite Norman Treigle as Lachlan Sinclair, and conductor Julius Rudel. In 1964, she performed the role of Lady Thiang in The King and I at Lincoln Center

masks:
Patricia New
Neway


title: Patricia Neway

texts:
 with Risë Stevens as Anna and Darren McGavin as the King. In 1966, she made her first appearance at the San Francisco Opera, as the Governess in The Turn of the Screw. She returned there in 1972 to play the Widow Begbick in Kurt Weill's Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny. In 1967, she appeared as Nettie in a special television production of Carousel, starring Robert Goulet as Billy Bigelow. Her featured solo was the song "You'll Never Walk Alone".In 1970 she created the role of the Queen in the world premiere of Menotti's stage play, The Leper. <mask>'s other repertoire included Arnold Schönberg's Erwartung. Retirement and death
After retirement, Neway moved to Corinth, Vermont, where she lived with her second husband, John Byrne, until Byrne's death in 2008. Her first marriage, to Morris Gesell, had ended earlier in divorce. In 2009 she donated papers and artifacts related to her father-in-law's Chaocipher cipher system to the National Cryptologic Museum. She died at her home in Corinth on January 24, 2012, aged 92. References

Videography
 Menotti: The Consul'' (Ludgin; Torkanowsky, Dalrymple, 1960) VAI

External links

 In Her Own Words: <mask> on "The Consul" on Theatre Aficionado at Large blog

1919 births
2012 deaths
American people of Irish descent
American operatic sopranos
American musical theatre actresses
20th-century American actresses
Donaldson Award winners
Mannes School of Music alumni
Singers from New York City
Musicians from Brooklyn
People from Staten Island
Tony Award winners
Actresses from New York City
20th-century American women opera singers
Classical musicians from New York (state)
People from Kensington, Brooklyn
21st-century American

masks:
Neway
Patricia Neway


title: Robert Muir of Loanfoot

texts:
<mask> (1758–1788) was an estate owner as well as a very close friend and supporter of the poet <mask> and was most probably born on the family estate of Loanfoot (NS 415 380) near Kilmarnock in East Ayrshire, Scotland. He was also a wine and spirit merchant and is remembered in <mask>' poem titled "Epitaph on <mask>". Life and character
Loanfoot House and its small estate no longer exists with only the name Loanfoot Avenue off Irvine Road next to Annanhill House commemorating its previous existence. When <mask> inherited the estate from his father it was greatly in debt, however by the time of his death it was solvent. He worked as a wine and spirit merchant in Kilmarnock. Never of a strong constitution <mask> died in 1788 at the age of only 29 from tuberculosis. The Beanscroft Devil
A most unusual story that has <mask> as a central participant with John Goldie the 'Philosopher' at its heart is the tale of the 'Beanscroft Devil' set at the time of the poet <mask>.Beanscroft Farm lies on Grassyards Road in the parish of Fenwick in East Ayrshire a few miles to the west of Kilmarnock and the farmer there was known as a good, honest, hard work and God fearing member of the community, however strange happenings at the farmhouse and in the byres slowly convinced him and his family that he was being regularly tormented by none other a personage than the Devil himself. The other worldly disturbances had started in a minor way with sounds and movements that could be ascribed to the wind or the cat, however shifting furniture, strange shrieks and howls, etc. could not be so easily dismissed and the strange appearance of moving lights of different colours and the breaking of the ropes that tethered the cattle without signs of cutting were beyond any straight

masks:
Robert Muir
Robert Burns
Robert Burns
Robert Muir
Robert
Robert
Robert Muir
Robert Burns


title: Robert Muir of Loanfoot

texts:
 forward explanation. The farmer's son and heir had apparently done his best without success to solve the riddle, but his parents had always stayed rooted to the spot with fear in the farmhouse whilst the son ventured forth. John Goldie the 'Philosopher' was God fearing, but had no truck with the presence on Earth of the Devil and made it known that he could solve this riddle in a Sherlock Holmes style of logical investigation. Despite his reservations the farmer invited him to the farm, accompanied by his friends, Mr Gillies of Kilmaurs the 'New Licht' minister and <mask> a Kilmarnock merchant and Kirk elder. After a number of questions relating to possible enemies and an inspection of the broken ropes he declared that this was the work of man and not the Devil.Swearing the farmer to secrecy he advised him to hide in the byre that night. Once darkness had fallen the farmer, hiding in the byre as instructed, became aware of the usual disturbances and suddenly saw a shadowy figure of a man holding a trumpet-like instrument with which he was making the unnatural sounds that had scared him so, rushing forward he seized the culprit only to find that it was his own son. It transpired that the son had some knowledge of chemistry and had made what we would call coloured fireworks and that the ropes had been severed with Nitric Acid, then known as Aqua Fortis (strong water). John Goudie had logically deducted that the son, hoping to scare his father into retirement so that he could run the farm, was the 'Devil on Earth'. The 'philosophers' reputation was greatly enhanced whilst the son was mortified and humiliated to the extent that he left Ayrshire and was never seen in these parts again. Association with <mask>

<mask> first met the bard in 1786, probably at

masks:
Robert Muir
Robert Burns
Robert Muir


title: Robert Muir of Loanfoot

texts:
 Kilmarnock's Bowling Green House Inn, and subscribed for no fewer that seventy-two copies of the 1786 Kilmarnock volume or "Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect" and forty of the 1787 Edinburgh Edition. He therefore played a central part in ensuring the publication of his friends poems.He had tried to take sixty copies of the Edinburgh Edition but Burns, knowing his straightened circumstances, refused him, writing that "Your affair of sixty copies is also like you: but it would not be like me to comply." He was one of the first people that Burns informed of the birth of his first twins carried by Jean Armour. Writing from Mossgiel Farm on the following morning of Friday 8 September 1786, Burns said: "My Friend My Brother, You will have heard that poor Armour has repaid my amorous mortgages double. A very fine boy and girl have awakened a thousand feelings that thrill, some with tender pleasure, and some with foreboding anguish, thro' my soul." Burns' "Epitaph on <mask>" :-

On 13 December 1789 Burns wrote to Mrs Frances Dunlop in the strange 'conscience' letter about Highland Mary. Gilbert Burns wrote that the death of <mask>, his closest Kilmarnock friend, in his thirtieth year deeply affected his brother, writing that "Mr <mask>, merchant in Kilmarnock, was one of those early friends that <mask>'s poetry procured him, and was dear to his heart." Burns stated that <mask> was one of those he hoped to meet :

"if there is a world to come...There should I meet the friend, the disinterested friend of my early life: the man who rejoiced to see me, because he loved me and could serve me - <mask>, thy weaknesses were the aberration of Human-nature, but thy heart glowed with everything generous, manly and noble; and if ever emanation from the All-good Being

masks:
Robert Muir
Robert
Robert Muir
Robert
Robert Muir
Muir


title: Robert Muir of Loanfoot

texts:
 animated a human form it was thine". Letters to <mask>
This correspondence reveals a great deal about the significance of their relationship and gives deep insights into the personality of the poet:

A letter of 20 March 1786 had an enclosed a copy of his poem Scotch Drink and promised plans for a convivial meeting:

"I hope, sometimes before we hear the Gowk (Scots for a cuckoo), to have the pleasure of seeing you, at Kilmarnock, when, I intend we shall have a gill between us, in a Mutchkin-stoup, which will be a great comfort and consolation." On 18 November 1786 Burns wrote a short note to <mask> and enclosed a copy of Tam Samson's elegy. On 15 December 1786 Burns wrote from Edinburgh saying:

"I am still undetermined as to the future; and, as usual, never think of it. I have now neither house nor home that I can all my own, and live on the world at large. I am just a poor wayfaring Pilgrom on the road to Parnassus; thoughtless wanderer and sojourner in a strange land." On 20 December 1786 Burns wrote to <mask> who had tried to subscribe to sixty copies of the Edinburgh Edition but Burns, knowing his straightened circumstances, refused him, reducing it to forty, writing that "Your affair of sixty copies is also like you: but it would not be like me to comply."In 1787 Burns wrote from Stirling expressing his high emotions at visiting the tomb of Sir John Graham of Sir William Wallace fame at Falkirk. as well as the site of the Battle of Bannockburn with its borestone where the Royal Standard was raised by <mask> Bruce. On 7 March 1788 <mask> wrote to <mask> clearly expressing in detail his religious beliefs, also hoping that: "the Spring will renew your shattered frame and make your friends happy". "If we lie down in the grave, the whole nun a piece

masks:
Robert Muir
Robert Muir
Robert
Robert the
Robert Burns
Robert Muir