title: Gerhard Blechinger

texts:
<mask> (* 1964 in Erding, Upper Bavaria) is a German media theorist. Since October 2015 he has been Rector of the Salzburg University of Applied Sciences. Life
<mask> studied art history, ethnology, aesthetics and design theory in Munich and Wuppertal. He completed his master's degree at the Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich in 1989 with a thesis on the relationship between architecture and philosophy. In 1996 he received his doctorate at the University of Wuppertal near Bazon Brock with a thesis on the French philosopher Jacques Derrida. His work was published by Passages publisher Wien in 1997 under the title "Apophatik und Politik". At the beginning of the 1990s, <mask> recognized the increasing influence that rapidly developing electronic media would have on many areas of life.In addition to his work on his doctorate, he also ran an agency at the time that dealt with first-generation media products. In 1997, Heinrich Klotz, founder of the Centre for Art and Media Technology (ZKM), brought him to Karlsruhe as a representative for Expo 2000. In 1998 he became deputy director of the new media museum under Hans-Peter Schwarz and at the same time head of Medialab. Blechinger concentrated on expanding media production and research. The first prototypes for Web 3.0 applications were created in Blechingers Medialab at the end of the nineties. Following Hans-Peter Schwarz's appointment as Rector of the Hochschule für Gestaltung und Kunst Zürich (HGKZ), Blechinger followed him in 2000 as Vice Rector for Research, Development, Services and Technology Transfer. His task was to orient research in the field of design to the new technological possibilities and to advance the digitisation of the university.At

masks:
Gerhard Blechinger
Blechinger
Gerhard Blechinger


title: Gerhard Blechinger

type: original

texts: the same time, <mask> was also head of the IT department at the university and increased the technology budget by a factor of 100 during his seven years of activity. At times, the Zurich University of Art and Design raised up to 80% of Swiss research funds for universities of applied sciences. In 2004, Blechinger founded the "TRACE" research group together with the philosopher Heiner Mühlmann and Thomas Grunwald (linguist, neuroscientist and medical director of the Swiss Epilepsy Centre). The acronym "TRACE" means "Transmission in Rhetorics, Arts and Cultural Evolution" In close cooperation with the founding president Yun Jeduk († 2012) and in cooperation with several colleges and universities in Germany (TU München, RWTH Aachen, Filmhochschule Babelsberg), Blechinger was involved in the founding of the "Korean German Institute of Technology" from 2003 in a leading position. Horst Teltschik was the founding director of the institute. Blechinger received a professorship for media at KGIT 2007. In 2007, Blechinger founded the Institute for Design and Technology at the Zurich University of the Arts (ZHdK) and cooperated with technology and media partners such as Vodafone Pilot Development, Swisscom, Lucent, Alcatel, Pro7 and Ars Electronica.After leaving Switzerland in 2010, <mask> and Thomas Langhanki founded the company "Experimental Game" in Berlin, where he was a member of the management during the founding phase. At the same time, he was a lecturer in media theory at the Macromedia University in Munich. In 2011, Blechinger became head of the Multimedia Art course at Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, specialising in Film, Animation, Media Design, Audio and Management and Producing. The "CHE

masks: Blechinger Blechinger


title: Gerhard Blechinger

texts:
 Ranking", renowned in German-speaking countries, named Multimedia-Art the best course of studies in Austria in 2014. Also in 2014, the Salzburg Urstein Institute (SUI), which serves as the sponsoring company of the Berlin School of Sustainable Futures, University of Applied Sciences gGmbH, was founded by the Salzburg Urstein Institute (SUI). The state recognition as a private university pursuant to Section 123 of the Act on Higher Education in the State of Berlin (BerlHG) took place on 1 June 2018. The BSSF offers four Master's programmes that close an existing gap in the higher education landscape because they place sustainability, media, culture and society in the context of globalisation developments and digitisation.Blechinger has been Academic Director of the conference format futur.io since 2016 and a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts Salzburg in the technology class since 2017; since 2018 he has been a member of the board of the Berlin School of Creative Leadership Foundation. In April 2019 he was re-elected for a second term from October 2019. From 2020 to 2021, Blechinger is the regular chair of the Salzburg University Conference. Fonts (selection)
 A Short History of Moonshots, in: Harald Neidhardt, Moonshots for Europe, future.io, Berlin 2019
 Publisher of the book series "Transmissions in Rhetorics, Art and Cultural Evolution", (TRACE) Fink Verlag since 2016
 The Idea and Death, in: Festschrift Klaus Dieter Müller, Potsdam Babelsberg HFF, 2011
 Brain Electrical Response to High and Low Architecture, Ilan Oppenheim, Heiner Mühlmann, <mask>, Ian W. Mothersill, Peter Hilfiger, Henric Jokeit, Martin Kurthen, Günter Krämer and Thomas Grunwald, in: Clinical EEG and Neuroscience,


title: Ben Foden

texts:
<mask> (born 22 July 1985) is an English rugby union player who plays for Rugby United New York (RUNY) in Major League Rugby (MLR). A fullback or scrum-half, he won 34 caps for England between 2009 and 2013. Career
Born in Chester, Foden was educated at Bishop Heber High School in Malpas, Cheshire before moving to the sixth form at Bromsgrove School. His Bromsgrove School teacher Paul Mullan was a big influence on his career, as was his father, Rob, who coached <mask> and brother Tom's youth team. His career has been divided between playing at scrum-half and fullback, though he can also operate on the wing. In an interview in March 2009, Foden accepted that his future lay at playing fullback. Foden played for Cheshire and North of England U16s, and England U16s.He then went on to play for England U19s, and England Counties. Club
He joined Sale Sharks in 2004. Foden's desire to play scrum half saw him sign for Northampton Saints on the basis of a promise to play him at his preferred position; a promise that Sale Sharks could not give him, considering his strong performances at full-back, and the club presence of England international scrum-half Richard Wigglesworth and the arrival of Welsh international Dwayne Peel for the next season. In the 2005–2006 season, Foden played as a replacement in the final as Sale won their first ever Premiership title. He gained his nickname of "Pop Idol" or "Pops" by missing the first day of pre-season with the Sharks for an audition on the programme. He began his Northampton Saints career competing with Lee Dickson for the scrum half position; Dickson won the battle for the

masks:
Benjamin James Fn
Ben


title: Ben Foden

texts:
 Nations games as they came up short of a Grand Slam in 2011.He gained more metres (100.6) in the 2011 6 Nations than any other player in the Championship. Foden was selected for England's 2011 World Cup squad, holding off the challenge of Delon Armitage to retain the fullback shirt during England's disappointing campaign. Television

In October 2019, Foden was a contestant in The X Factor: Celebrity as a member of the group, Try Star, alongside Levi Davis and Thom Evans. They were eliminated in the semi-final, finishing in fifth place. In October 2021, it was announced that Foden would be participating in the fourteenth series of Dancing on Ice. International tries

† Full international cap not awarded for Barbarians Test match

Personal life
Foden married Una Healy of girl group The Saturdays on 30 June 2012 in her native Ireland. They have two children, daughter Aoife (b.2012) and son Tadhg (b.2015).In July 2018, it was announced that <mask> and Healy had separated. Foden married Jackie Belanoff-Smith in 2019. On 20 May 2020, Jackie gave birth to their daughter Farrah. References

External links
England profile
Northampton Saints Profile

Premiership Profile
Whitchurch Rugby Club
Career Stats@Statbunker
RUNY Signing

1985 births
Living people
England international rugby union players
English rugby union players
English expatriate rugby union players
English expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate rugby union players in the United States
Northampton Saints players
People educated at Bromsgrove School
Rugby New York players
Sale Sharks players
Rugby union players from Chester
Rugby union


title: Joris Thijssen

texts:
<mask> (born 19 April 1974) is a Dutch environmental activist and politician. After studying aerospace engineering, he started working for the environmental organization Greenpeace. He participated in numerous protest actions, leading to a number of arrests and a criminal record. In 2016, he became co-director of Greenpeace Netherlands. He left his job to participate in the 2021 general election, in which he was elected to the House of Representatives. There, he represents the Labour Party. Early life and education
He was born in 1974 in the Gelderland city Arnhem, and he studied aerospace engineering at Delft University of Technology starting in 1992, graduating cum laude in 2000.He was a member of the student rowing club DSR Proteus-Eretes. He traveled around the world after his second year of study. According to Thijssen, this made him think about how humans are affecting the planet. For his thesis about landing a lunar lander on the south pole, he interned at the European Space Agency (ESA) for two years under the supervision of astronaut Wubbo Ockels. Thijssen's father died when <mask> joined the environmental organization Greenpeace as a volunteer in the second half of the 1990s. In 1997, he went to Normandy with future politician Diederik Samson to measure the level of radioactivity at a discharge pipe from a boat using kites. After he completed his studies, he became a paid employee at the organization. He campaigned against nuclear energy and researched the melting of glaciers. In July 2002, Thijssen managed to enter the grounds of palace Huis ten Bosch, where the first Balkenende cabinet was presented. In protest, he held up a banner saying "the Minister of Environment reports" before being removed from the property by guards ten minutes later. The Royal Marechaussee had let Thijssen, who was dressed up and arrived in the back seat of a rental car, in after his chauffeur had said that he was the new environmental minister.Two months later, on the day after , <mask> illegally entered the plenary hall of the House of Representatives during budget debates. He was escorted out and arrested before he could chain himself and speak. He was released form his cell later that day. He was not prosecuted for those actions after reaching a

masks:
Joris Thijssen
Jorishijssen
Thijssen


title: Joris Thijssen

texts:
 settlement of €250. <mask> served as climate and energy campaign leader at Greenpeace Netherlands until he moved to China in 2007 to work as an advisor at the organization's Beijing office for a year. Subsequently, he held a position at Greenpeace International for two years, coordinating forty regional offices and assisting their campaigns. In 2009–10, <mask> spent twenty days in the Danish Vestre Prison in remand after he and three other activists had been arrested for trespassing on government property and forgery during the Copenhagen Summit.He had assisted two activists who had entered a gala dinner for foreign dignitaries at Christiansborg Palace and had shown banners in protest. He later received a two-week suspended sentence but was also given €2,400 in damages for his earlier detention. After this, <mask> returned to Greenpeace Netherlands to serve as campaign director and later as program director. He again tried to make an appearance as environmental minister during the presentation of the first Rutte cabinet in 2010 at Huis ten Bosch. This time, he failed to set foot on the premises, and he was detained for a number of hours after claiming to be the Minister of Defence and showing his banner. Thijssen also served as Greenpeace's negotiator for the Social and Economic Council's 2013  (Energy accord), in which 47 Dutch organizations including the government agreed to make the energy supply more sustainable. Co-director (2016–2020)
<mask> became executive director of Greenpeace Netherlands on 1 September 2016 together with Anna Schoemakers.They succeeded Sylvia Borren. <mask>'s main focus was Dutch politics and corporations, while Schoemakers was more involved with foreign issues. A week after being promoted, Thijssen, Schoemakers, and another activist lay in hammocks that were attached to a cable between two wind turbines at the Eemshaven in order to prevent a ship carrying coal from reaching a coal power plant. The following month, <mask> participated in a Dutch climate conference that was held after the signing of the Paris Agreement to discuss its implementation. There, he was noted for shaking the hand of the CEO of Royal Dutch Shell Netherlands, Marjan van Loon. Under Thijssen's and Schoemakers's leadership, Greenpeace

masks: Thijssen Thijssen Thijssen Thijssen Thijssen Thijssen


title: Joris Thijssen

texts:
 Netherlands raised its budget to recruit donors, as that number had fallen by over a fifth in the five-year period preceding 2018. Greenpeace was also one of the participants in the negotiations for the Dutch climate accord in 2018.Weeks before the accord was planned to be completed, Greenpeace and three other environmental organizations threatened to not sign it. In December – on the day before it was offered to the cabinet – the organizations announced definitively that they would not support the draft agreement. <mask> said in an interview that he believed that the measures would not be sufficient to halt "dangerous climate change". Furthermore, he opposed the accord's carbon capture and storage, and he believed that people were paying too much relative to corporations to mitigate climate change. He resigned from his position at Greenpeace as soon as it was announced in November 2020 that he would participate in the 2021 general election. The reason for his departure was to maintain the political neutrality of Greenpeace. Politics
<mask> ran for member of parliament in the 2021 general election, being placed sixth on the Labour Party's party list.He was elected with 2,666 preference votes and was sworn into the House on 31 March. <mask> is his party's spokesperson for climate, energy, and agriculture. He is also on the parliamentary Committees for Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality; for Defence; for Economic Affairs and Climate Policy; and for Infrastructure and Water Management. When in November 2021 oil and gas multinational Royal Dutch Shell expressed its intention to cease to be a partly Dutch company, <mask> called it "a blessing for the country". However, he removed his post on Twitter shortly after following criticism. Personal life
He lives in the North Holland village Muiderberg with his girlfriend and two sons, and he is a vegetarian. References

External links
 Ir.J. (<mask>) Thijssen MBA, Parlement.com

1974 births
Living people
21st-century Dutch engineers
21st-century Dutch politicians
Delft University of Technology alumni
Dutch environmentalists
Dutch nonprofit directors
Labour Party (Netherlands) politicians
Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)
People associated with Greenpeace
Dutch politicians

masks: Thijssen Thijssen Thijssen Thijssen Joris


title: Susan Athey

texts:
<mask> (born ) is an American microeconomist. She is the Economics of Technology Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences at the Stanford Graduate School of Business. Prior to joining Stanford, she has been a professor at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She is the first female winner of the John Bates Clark Medal. She served as the consulting chief economist for Microsoft for six years and was a consulting researcher to Microsoft Research. She is currently on the boards of Expedia, Lending Club, Rover, Turo, Ripple, and non-profit Innovations for Poverty Action. She also serves as the senior fellow at Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.She is an associate director for the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence and the director of Golub Capital Social Impact Lab. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Boston, Massachusetts, and grew up in Rockville, Maryland. Her parents are Elizabeth Johansen, an English teacher and freelance editor, and Whit <mask>, a physics scholar. <mask> attended Duke University as an undergraduate, completing three majors (economics, mathematics, and computer science) and graduating with a BA in 1991. She got her start in economics research during a summer job preparing bids for a company that was selling personal computers to the government through procurement auctions, working on problems related to auctions with Bob Marshall, a professor at Duke University who worked on defense procurement and helped her with procurement auctions. She was involved in a number of activities at Duke and served as treasurer of Chi Omega sorority and as president of the field hockey club. <mask> graduated with a Ph.D. from the Stanford Graduate School of Business at the age of 24 in 1995.Her thesis was supervised by Paul

masks:
Susan Carleton Athey
Athey
Athey
Athey
Athey


title: Susan Athey

texts:
 Milgrom and Donald John Roberts. <mask> also received an honorary doctorate from Duke University. <mask> has been married to economist Guido Imbens since 2002. Career

Academic career
<mask>'s first position was as an assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she taught for six years before returning to Stanford's Department of Economics as professor, holding the Holbrook Working Chair for another five years. She then served as professor of economics at Harvard University until 2012, when she returned to the Stanford Graduate School of Business, her alma mater. Research Interests
Because of <mask>'s completion of triple majors---economics, mathematics and computer science---in Duke University during her undergraduate period, she always utilized programming and statistics as tools to solve problems in the field of economics. Based on this background, <mask> is interested in economics of the Internet, economics of the news media, internet search, econometrics and machine learning, big data and math-based currency.Besides, there are other related fields such as platform markets, online advertising and industrial organization where she puts efforts on. Currently, she focuses on the economics of digitization, marketplace design, and the intersection of econometrics and machine learning. Applied auction research
Auctions were the reason <mask> went into economics. She has contributed on all dimensions to research on auctions. <mask>'s theoretical work on collusion in repeated games applies to auctions. As well as her existence theorem for sets with private information, she has done an innovative job on the econometrics of auctions. She has performed significant empirical work in econometrics of auctions.She also designed work that has had significant effects on business and public policy.

masks: Athey Athey Athey Athey Athey Athey Athey


title: Susan Athey

texts: <mask> and Jonathan Levin examined the U.S. Forest Service's, oral ascending auctions for the rights to cut timber in the national forests. Typically, a given tract contains several different species of timber-yielding trees. The Forest Service publishes an estimate of the proportions of the various species based on an inspection. Potential bidders then can conduct their inspections. Bids are multidimensional: amounts to be paid per unit for each species. The winner is determined by aggregating each bidder's offer using the Forest Service's estimated proportions.The actual amount the winner pays, however, is computed by applying the bid vector to the exact amounts that are ultimately harvested (the winner has two years to complete the harvest). These rules create an incentive for a bidder whose estimate of the proportions differs from that of the Forest Service to skew its bidding, raising the price bid for the species that the bidder believes are less common than does the Forest Service. Conversely lowering the price bid for the species that the bidder believes are more common than does the Forest Service. For example, suppose there are two species and the Forest Service estimates that they are in equal proportions, but a bidder believes they are in dimensions 3:2. Then bids of ($100, $100) and ($50, $150) yield the same amount under the Forest Service proportions and so are equally likely to win, but the bidder's expected payments under the first and under the second differ). One of <mask>'s best-known works that deals with auctions is called “Comparing Open and Sealed Bid Auctions: Theory and Evidence from Timber Auctions." In this paper, <mask> works with Johnathan Levin and Enrique Seira.She and her peers were interested in testing to see if the participation effects on auction were important.” There are two

masks: Athey Athey Athey


title: Susan Athey

texts:
 types of auctions, open and sealed-bid auctions. Open auctions are where bidders are constantly outbidding one another until the last bidder gives up and the auction ends, and sealed-bid auctions are when individuals write down their bids and submit them, whomever has the highest bid wins. The data that they used came from the United States Forest Service auctions. As a conclusion, they found that participation matters. It even matters more than what is actually taking place during the auctioning process. Research contributions
<mask>'s early contributions included a new way to model uncertainty (the subject of her doctoral dissertation) and understand investor behavior given uncertainty, along with insights into the behavior of auctions. <mask>'s research on decision-making under uncertainty focused on conditions under which optimal decision policies would be monotone in a given parameter.She applied her results to establish conditions under which Nash equilibria would exist in auctions and other Bayesian games. <mask>'s work changed the way auctions are held. In the early 1990s <mask> uncovered the weaknesses of an overly lenient dispute mechanism through experiences selling computers to the U.S. government at auctions, discovering that open auctions which resulted in frequent legal disputes followed by settlements were actually rife with collusion, e.g., auction winners shared a portion of their spoils with losers who had cooperated in bidding. She also aided British Columbia in the design of the pricing system used for publicly owned timber. She also published articles about auctions for online advertising and advised Microsoft about the design of their search advertising auctions. Professional service
<mask> has served as an associate editor of several leading journals, including the American Economic

masks: Athey Athey Athey Athey Athey


title: Susan Athey

texts:
 Review, Review of Economic Studies, and the RAND Journal of Economics, as well as the National Science Foundation economics panel, and she also served as an associate editor for Econometrica, Theoretical Economics, and the Quarterly Journal of Economics. She is a past co-editor of the Journal of Economics and Management Strategy and American Economic Journal: Microeconomics.She was the chair of the program committee for the 2006 North American Winter Meetings, and has served on numerous committees for the Econometric Society, the American Economic Association, and the Committee for the Status of Women in the Economics Profession. She is a member of President Obama's Committee for the National Medal of Science. Furthermore, besides professional services in academic committees, <mask>, as a "tech economist", also used to serve as consultant chief economist for Microsoft Corporation for a few years and now serves on the board of Expedia, Lending Club, Rover Turo, and Ripple. She also serves as a long-term advisor to the British Columbia Ministry of Forests, helping architect and implement their auction-based pricing system. <mask>nov v. Ripple Labs Inc. (case number 18-6753), running since 2018 that claim <mask> and her employers, Ripple Labs Inc. have been in breach of various California and Federal securities laws. Awards and honors

Academic
Duke University Alice Baldwin Memorial Scholarship, 1990-1991
Mary Love Collins Scholarship, Chi Omega Foundation, 1991-1992
Jaedicke Scholar, Stanford Graduate School of Business, 1992-1993
National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship, 1991-1994
State Farm Dissertation Award in Business, 1994
 State Farm Dissertation Award (1995)
 Elaine Bennett Research Prize (2000) (This award is given every other year to a young woman economist who has made outstanding contributions to

masks: Athey Atheyaki Athey


title: Carlos Monzón

texts:
<mask> (7 August 1942 – 8 January 1995), nicknamed Escopeta (Shotgun in Spanish), was an Argentine professional boxer who held the undisputed world middleweight championship for 7 years. He successfully defended his title 14 times against 11 different fighters and is widely regarded as not only one of the best middleweights in history but also one of the greatest boxers of all time pound-for-pound. Known for his speed, punching power and relentless work rate, Monzon ended his career with a record of 87-3-9-1 with 59 knockouts, each one of his losses were early in his career and were avenged. Inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1990, he was chosen by The Ring magazine in 2002 as the 11th greatest fighter of the last 80 years and voted him as the best middleweight title holder of the last 50 years in 2011. As of January 2018, <mask> holds the 2nd longest unified championship reign in middleweight history at 9 consecutive defenses. <mask> spent several years in prison for killing his wife Alicia throwing her out of a balcony, he admitted that he hit every single woman he had dated. Argentinians adored Monzon throughout his career.His glamorous and violent life was avidly followed both by the media and Argentine people. He was, however, accused many times of domestic violence by his two wives and many mistresses, and of beating paparazzi. Charged with killing his wife Alicia Muñiz in 1988, the former champion was sentenced to 11 years in jail. He died in a January 1995 car crash during a weekend furlough. Early life
<mask> was born in the city of San Javier, Argentina, in a family of Mocoví descent. His parents were Roque <mask> and Amalia Ledesma. <mask> was raised in poverty with his twelve siblings.When <mask> was six years old, his family moved to Barranquitas Oeste, a poor neighborhood, of Santa Fe, the capital of Santa Fe Province. To help out his family, he quit school in third grade, working different jobs, such as shoe shiner, paper boy and milk man.

masks:
Carlos Roque Monzón
Monzón
Monzón
Monzón
Monzón
Monzón
Monzón


title: Carlos Monzón

texts:
 As a youngster, he showed an interest in boxing. When he was sixteen, he met Zulema Encarnación Torres, with whom he had his first son, <mask> <mask>. Later, on 11 May 1962, he married Mercedes Beatriz García, nicknamed 'Pelusa.' They were so poor that they did not have enough money to buy the marriage license. They had three kids: Silvia Beatriz, Abel Ricardo and <mask> (adopted).Boxing beginnings

<mask> had his first amateur fight on 2 October 1959. This first fight ended in a draw. Three years later, after a 73-6-8 amateur record, he became a professional. His first professional bout was held on 6 February 1963. He knocked out his opponent in the second round. In 1966, he won the Argentine middleweight title. In 1967, he won the South American middleweight title.After this success, Argentine boxing promoter <mask> Lectoure pushed him into the international boxing scene by organizing fights with foreign boxers such as Douglas Huntley, Charles Austin, Johnny Brooks, Harold Richardson, Tommy Bethea, Bennie Briscoe (a ten-round tie) Manoel Severino and Eddy Pace. World middleweight champion Nino Benvenuti had long had a distinguished career that included championships in 2 divisions and 2 wins in 3 bouts vs all-time great Emile Griffith. He had lost the year before to American Tom Bethea in Australia, but in an actual title fight in Yugoslavia, he avenged that loss. Nobody expected Monzón to beat Benvenuti in their title match (very few knew of him). Yet Monzón applied pressure from the start, and in the 12th, a right hand landed perfectly on Benvenuti's chin, and the title changed hands. <mask> also beat Benvenuti in a rematch, this time in only three rounds in Monte Carlo when Benvenuti's seconds threw in the towel. Champion
In 1971, <mask> became only the second man to stop former three-time world champion Emile Griffith in 14 rounds, and later out-pointed him over 15 in a close fight (before the fight Monzón had to spar three rounds and run three miles in order to make

masks:
Carlos Alberto
Monzón
Carlos Raúl
Monzón
Juan Carlos
Monzón
Monzón


title: Carlos Monzón

texts:
 the weight).<mask> then scored a win over tough Philadelphian Bennie Briscoe in their rematch, over-coming a shakey 9th round, in which Briscoe almost scored a knockout; a knockout in five rounds over European champion Tom Bogs, a knockout in seven rounds over Cuban-Mexican José Mantequilla Nápoles in Paris, France and a 10-round knockout of tough Tony Licata of New Orleans at the Madison Square Garden, in what would turn out to be <mask>'s only fight in the United States. <mask>'s middleweight championship title was lifted in 1975 by the WBC for not defending it against mandatory challenger Rodrigo Valdez. Valdez, a Colombian, won the WBC's title, while <mask> kept the WBA's championship. In 1976, they finally met, this time, world champion vs. world champion. Valdez's brother had been shot to death one week prior to the fight and he did not feel like fighting. Still, the fight went on, as they were both under contract. It took place in Monte Carlo.<mask> handed Valdez a beating, winning a 15-round unanimous decision and unifying the world title once again. Facing a lack of good challengers, <mask> was offered a high purse to again fight the Colombian. The second fight was different. Monzón-Valdez II is a classic. Valdez came out roaring this time. In the second round, right cross to the chin put <mask> down for the first and only time in his career. Valdez built a lead through the first part of the fight.<mask>, however, mounted a brilliant comeback and outboxed Valdez for the last 8 rounds, winning a unanimous decision to retain the title and score his 14th title defense. Retirement
<mask> retired after the second Valdez fight defense. His record stood at 87 wins, only three losses, nine draws and one no contest. Of his wins, 59 came by knockout. His only losses were by points and early in his career. In 2003, he was named by the Ring Magazine as one of the 100 greatest punchers of all time. On the independent computer-based ranking of boxrec.com, he is listed as the

masks: Monzón Monzón Monzón Monzón Monzón Monzón Monzón Monzón Monzón


title: Carlos Monzón

texts:
 twelfth best middleweight boxer of all time.Always known for his overhand right, following <mask>'s victory over Mantequilla Nápoles, Angelo Dundee said: "<mask> is the complete fighter. He can box, he can hit, he can think, and he is game all the way." Before retirement, in 1974, he starred in La Mary, a hit movie directed by Daniel Tinayre. After retirement, he participated as an actor in a couple of Argentine movies, which were not very successful, and TV shows. A monument to him stands in Santa Fe, Argentina. Personal life

Monzón was tremendously popular throughout his career. During <mask>'s fights, Argentina would stand still, cities had no traffic, and all TV sets and radios were tuned to the fight.While filming La Mary, he met famous Argentine actress and model Susana Giménez. They started a tumultuous relationship, which led to <mask>'s divorce. Since then, his glamorous and sometimes violent life was avidly followed by the media. He toured Latin America and Europe with Argentine models and actresses. While still a champion, a darker side of <mask> began to emerge. In 1973, <mask> was shot in the leg by his wife, requiring seven hours of surgery to remove the bullet. In 1975, he began a very publicized romance with Susana Giménez; they had previously met in the 1974 thriller La Mary, directed by Daniel Tinayre, where the two played husband and wife.<mask> hated paparazzi who detailed his affairs. He went to Italy with Giménez to participate in a movie, and started increasingly traveling with her to locations in Brazil and the rest of Latin America, allowing himself be seen with her, although still married. He was accused of domestic violence and of beating paparazzi. Soon the beatings he gave Giménez became public knowledge. <mask> was repeatedly detained by the police. Giménez began wearing sunglasses more often, presumably to hide her bruises, and many times, paparazzi had to be hospitalized from the beatings suffered at the hands of <mask>, who had


title: Carlos Monzón

texts:
 unpredictable violent outbreaks. During this period, <mask> divorced his wife.Susana Giménez left him in 1978. After the breakup, <mask>'s private life was fairly low key. In 1979, he met Uruguayan model Alicia Muñiz, with whom he had an on-and-off relationship for many years. They eventually married and had a child together, Maximiliano Roque. But his violent behavior continued. In 1988, while vacationing in the resort city of Mar del Plata, after a heated argument, he beat Muñiz. According to the investigation after this incident, he strangled her, picked her up, and pushed her off the second floor balcony, killing her, after which he followed her in the fall, injuring his shoulder.In 1989 he was found guilty of homicide. He received an 11-year prison sentence. In January 1995, <mask> was given a weekend furlough while serving his term in Cárcel de Las Flores, Santa Fe Province, to visit his family and children. On 8 January 1995, when returning to jail after the weekend, he and a passenger, Gerónimo Domingo Mottura, were killed instantly when their vehicle rolled over near Santa Rosa de Calchines. The other passenger, Monzón's sister-in-law Alicia Guadalupe Fessia, was injured. Even in death, <mask> drew a crowd. Thousands sang "Dale campeón" ("Go Champ") during his funeral.Professional boxing record

See also
List of middleweight boxing champions
List of WBC world champions
List of WBA world champions

References

External links

<mask> "Escopeta" <mask> - IBHOF Biography
Sports Illustrated, 8 August 1977, Volume 47, Issue 6

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1942 births
1995 deaths
Argentine male boxers
Middleweight boxers
Sportspeople from Santa Fe, Argentina
World Boxing Association champions
World Boxing Council champions
World boxing champions
International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees
Argentine prisoners and detainees
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masks: Monzón Monzón Monzón Monzón Carlos Monzón


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
<mask> (born 25 June 1987) is an Albanian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or a forward. <mask> began his career as a youth player for KF Kristali, before moving to Partizani Tirana. In 2002, he started his professional career with Partizani, playing until 2009 before moving to rivals of Dinamo Tirana. After playing with them for two years, he moved outside of Albania and signed with the Romanian club Dinamo București. After one season with White and Reds, he moved in Ukraine and signed with Chornomorets Odessa. Due to the civil unrest caused by the 2014 Ukrainian revolution, <mask> returned to Albania and signed with KF Tirana, his third club inside of Tirana. An international footballer for Albania since 2008, <mask> has earned over 25 caps for his country.He debuted in 2008 and scored his first goal with Red and Blacks four years later. Club career

Early career
Born in Tirana, Bakaj joined his first club KF Kristali in May 1996 at the age of eight, where he would only remain until October. Despite only playing for the club for less than six months, he still managed to be named the player of the year in the youth league. For the next six months, Elis was trained personally by former Albanian international and Dinamo Tirana player Andrea Marko. In June 1997 he joined Partizani Tirana under the guidance of coach Gazmend Kraja, where he worked his way up the ranks of the club. He amazed the club, including its president Albert Xhani, who in January 2002 sent Bakaj into the club's senior side. Partizani Tirana
He joined Partizani's first team at the age of 15 in January 2002 on a seven-year contract with a minimal wage of just 150,000 Lekë a season.His official Partizani debut

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Elis Flamur Bakaj
Bakaj
Bakaj
Bakaj


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 came in the 2003 Intertoto Cup against Israeli side Maccabi Netanya, where coach Perlat Musta played Bakaj in the final seven minutes of the game. In September 2003, Partizani's new coach Ilir Spahiu sent Bakaj on loan to FC Nacionali, a Partizani feeder team playing in the Albanian Second Division. The Nacionali coach Genci Tomorri gave Bakaj the opportunity of regular first team football, allowing the youngster to show his talent and score goals. In January 2004 his loan was ended and he returned to Partizani where the previous coach Spahiu had left and Sulejman Mema had now taken charge. <mask> scored his maiden Partizani goal on 1 October 2003 in an Albanian Cup match against Fushë Mbreti, netting the fourth in an eventual 6–0 win in the second leg of second round. He made his first ever Albanian Superliga appearance later on 22 February of the following year as a substitute in the 1–2 away defeat to Teuta Durrës. <mask>'s scored again in cup on 24 March 2004 in the quarter-finals against Elbasani; netting the winning goal in the 74th minute to send his side through to the semi-finals.Partizani eventually reached the final when they beat Dinamo 0–1, in a match where Bakaj was an unused substitute. This win constituted his first senior trophy. Dinamo Tirana
On 8 January 2009, <mask> completed a move to Dinamo Tirana for €100,000, becoming the most expensive player in the club's history. He was presented one day later, where he signed a three-year contract, and was given the squad number 19 for the second part of the 2008–09 season. Following his performances with Dinamo Tirana throughout the 2009–10 season, <mask> was named Albanian Footballer of the Year for the second consecutive year, becoming the

masks: Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 first player to win it twice. Dinamo București
In January 2011, in the last hours before the expiration of the winter transfer window, <mask> moved to Dinamo București. He signed a contract for five years with the Romanian team.The Albanian squad accepted the offer of €200,000 because he entered the final six months of his contract. He was recommended to Dinamo București by their former glory, the Albanian star Sulejman Demollari, who played for the Bucharest team between 1991 and 1995 and scored 36 goals in 100 games. <mask> made his debut for Dinamo on 26 February 2011, when he played in the last 17 minutes in a Liga I game against Sportul Studenţesc. He opened his scoring account later on 12 April, scoring the third and final goal of the 3–1 home win against Unirea Urziceni. During the 2011 Cupa României Final Bakaj had a firecracker thrown at him by a Steaua București fan, which he managed to dodge. Chornomorets Odessa
On 27 February 2012, he joined Ukrainian club Chornomorets Odessa on loan. He then signed a permanent contract for Chornomorets Odessa outright on a three-year contract in May.Kukësi
Due to the civil unrest caused by the 2014 Ukrainian revolution, <mask> agreed to be released from his contract with Chornomorets Odessa as he looked for a return to Albania. He was reportedly close to signing with his first club Partizani Tirana, but a deal was not agreed to, so he joined Kukësi on 12 March 2014, pending FIFA clearance. He signed a contract until the end of the 2013–14 season, as well as any European games the club would be involved in, should they qualify. His wage was reported to be €40,000, making him one of the highest paid players in the league's history. However, FIFA did not give

masks: Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 him the permit to play, so <mask> terminated the contract and left the club only two weeks following his arrival. Skënderbeu Korçë
After his departure from Kukësi, <mask> joined fellow Albanian Superliga side Skënderbeu Korçë on 9 June 2014 for the club's European campaign. However, he was released by the club after only one month.Tirana
Without playing a single minute for Skënderbeu Korçë, <mask> signed for Tirana on 19 July 2014, a one-year contract, where he was considered as a reinforcement for the club managed by Gugash Magani. He was assigned the vacant number 19 for the upcoming 2014–15 season. <mask> made his competitive debut on 24 August 2014, a debut which brought his first goal as well. He played as a starter in the opening match of the 2014–15 season against Apolonia Fier and scored the opening goal in the 24th minute of the match which finished in the 3–0 victory. In the second match of the season against Flamurtari Vlorë, he delivered the cross that forced goalkeeper Ilion Lika to make a mistake which resulted in an own goal, helping Tirana to prevail 1–0 at Qemal Stafa Stadium. In the matchday 4 against the newcomers of Elbasani, <mask> was sent off in the 91st minute after he insulted the referee Klajdi Kola, resulting in a two-match ban for him. On 18 October, he scored his first goal for the club, a spectacular overhead kick in a 3–1 win against Kukësi at Qemal Stafa Stadium, helping the club to take the league lead temporarily.Later in October, <mask> scored the only goal of his team against Sopoti Librazhd in the second leg of the Albanian Cup's second round, securing a 4–1 aggregate victory and progression to the quarter-finals. He was the Albanian Superliga Player of the Month for

masks: Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 October 2015 after playing four matches and scoring three goals. On 23 November, in the matchday 13 against Elbasani, <mask> made a splendid performance by first providing the Gentian Muça's goal from a set-piece and also scoring a set-piece himself as Tirana bounced back to win the match 3–2 in the very last moments. In the last match of 2015, <mask> netted twice against Teuta Durrës in an eventual 4–2 home success. He started the new year by providing the Ndikumana's winner against Flamurtari Vlorë on 30 January, and scored a winner himself against Vllaznia Shkodër in the last moments of the match. On 18 April, Bakaj scored his tenth league goal of the season in a 3–1 away success against Elbasani. In the last derby of the season against Partizani Tirana on 4 May, Bakaj scored a brace in a 2–2 draw as Tirana lost further ground in the title race.On 11 May, it was raported that <mask> would leave Tirana at the end of the season to sign with the Israeli side Hapoel Ra'anana. In the last match of the season, he scored the winner as Tirana won at home against Teuta Durrës to end the season with honour, despite failing to win the title and to qualify in the European competitions. <mask> finished the season as the team's top goal scorer with 15 goals between league and cup in 32 appearances. Hapoel Ra'anana
<mask> signed a three-year contract with Israelian club Hapoel Ra'anana and was allocated squad number 80. He made his competitive debut with the club on 1 August in the goalless draw against Maccabi Netanya for the 2015–16 Toto Cup Al, playing for 62 minutes. He netted his first goal eight days later in a 1–1 home draw against Hapoel Be'er Sheva, another match valid for Toto Cup Al. Later, on 22 August,

masks: Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 <mask> debuted in Israeli Premier League by playing 61 minutes in a 2–2 home draw against Hapoel Kfar Saba, which would be his last league appearance for the club.However, <mask> suddenly terminated his contract with the club and become a free agent. The main reason for this, according to the Israeli media, was his fiancée, who wanted to return to Albania. Return to Tirana

After only three months in Israel, on 29 August, <mask> returned to Tirana by signing a one-year contract with an option of a further one, taking his squad number 19. He was presented to the media one day later. He made his return debut on 12 September in the matchday 3 against Bylis Ballsh which ended in a goalless draw at home. He scored his first goal of the season in returning leg of 2015–16 Albanian Cup's first round against Erzeni Shijak, which ended in a 2–0, securing a 3–0 aggregate victory and progression to the second round. <mask> Ballsh, just like "van Basten goal" in the UEFA Euro 1988 Final against Soviet Union, giving his team a 1–0 away win. On 30 November, in the first match at the newly renovated Selman Stërmasi Stadium, <mask> scored the only goal of his team in a 2–1 defeat to Skënderbeu Korçë. He scored his brace of the season on 13 December in the 2–0 away win to Flamurtari Vlorë, taking his tally up to 5 goals. He started the new year by scoring in the team's 3–1 away win against Tërbuni Pukë. He was named the Albanian Superliga Player of the Month for January 2016, becoming the third player to win the award twice. One week later, <mask> scored a sublime free-kick in the 3–0 away win against Laçi, giving Tirana its first win at Laçi Stadium since 5 May 2012 where Tirana won thanks to a winner of Bekim Balaj.

masks: Bakaj Bakaj Bakaj Bakajlis Bakaj Bakaj


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 However, he was booked during the meaning that he would miss the following league match against Bylis Ballsh at home.On 4 March 2016, he got sent off after receiving two yellow cards after insulting the referee Lorenc Jemini in the 2–0 derby defeat against Partizani Tirana despite being on the pitch for less than 10 minutes after coming on at half time. For his behaviour, <mask> was banned for four league matches by the Disciplinary Committee of AFA. <mask> scored his first league hat-trick in a 3–0 home win against Tërbuni Pukë, returning Tirana in the winning ways after six consecutive league matches without a win. Bakaj become the first player to score a hat-trick for Tirana since Bekim Balaj on 23 October 2011. He followed that by scoring the winner against Laçi to keep the European chances alive. Bakaj begun May by scoring in the 2–2 home draw against Partizani Tirana in the "Tirana derby". In the last match at home, he scored the winner Vllaznia Shkodër, which was his 13th league strike, equaling his previous season.On final day of the season, he scored the lone goal of his team in a 2–1 away defeat to Kukësi. He ended his second season with Tirana by scoring 15 goals, including 14 in league, being the top goalscorer of the team for the second consecutive season. RNK Split
On 9 June 2016, he signed a two-year contract for the Croatian Prva HNL team RNK Split, following in the footsteps of Sokol Cikalleshi and Amir Rrahmani. Upon signing, Bakaj said, "I'm very happy for the signing, I know Split very well, thanks to Rrahmani and i hope to reward the trust on me. I don't want to disappoint the club directors and I'll try to reward them with my goals. <mask> made his debut on 16 July in the matchday


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 1 against HNK Rijeka, playing full-90 minutes in a 3–0 home defeat. He scored his first goal of campaign later on 12 August against HNK Cibalia, scoring via a free kick in an eventual 2–2 home draw.<mask> left the club on 14 November after claiming that was not paid during his five months at the club, sending the issue to FIFA, ending his RNK Split career with only 10 appearances and one goal, becoming a free agent in the process. Blocked move to Tirana and Vllaznia Shkodër
After leaving RNK Split in November 2016, <mask> returned in Albania and begun training with Tirana in order to maintain his form. He said in an interview that his intentions were to play outside, but if not he would play in Albania only with Tirana. He continued to train with Tirana in January, and on 26th, he reached an argument with the club for a contract until the end of 2016–17 season. However, a day later, FIFA blocked the transfer due to Tirana's unpaid debts, forcing the club not to transfer any player during January transfer window, leaving Bakaj still without a team. Then Bakaj joined fellow Albanian Superliga club Vllaznia Shkodër on a four-month contract, with a reported salary of €20,000. He was presented on 29 January, where he made his first training session with the team, stating that he "would give his best to help the club reach its goals."<mask> made his competitive debut on 1 February in the first leg of 2016–17 Albanian Cup quarter-final against Teuta Durrës, playing for 82 minutes and receiving positive reviews from the fans as Vllaznia won 1–0. During the match, he was involved in a brawl with Teuta's Bruno Dita, which continued even after the end of the match. Then <mask> made his league debut four days later


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 against Partizani Tirana at Selman Stërmasi Stadium, opening the score with a first-half volley in an eventual 2–1 defeat. Later on his second league appearance against Flamurtari Vlorë, <mask> was on the scoresheet again, netting a 90th-minute goal which was equalizer two minutes later, but nevertheless, Vllaznia won by scoring in the last seconds of added time. One month later, <mask> scored the lone goal via penalty kick in the match against Laçi to give the team three important points in the race for a spot in Europa League next season. In the matchday 32 against Skënderbeu in Korçë, <mask> came off the bench and scored his team 3rd goal (his 5th of the season) to put the visitors ahead, but the home team bounced back and scored 2 goals in added time to win 4–3. The match was heavily contested and was considered as fixed by Federbet, the anti match fixing organisation.On 23 May, <mask> stated that he was not going to play final matchday against his former side Tirana, as he felt "powerless" to play against Tirana, who risked relegation along with Vllaznia. He asked coach Armando Cungu not to call him up for this match, which would decide which team is going to stay in top flight next season. Cungu, however, didn't fulfill his request, answering that he was going to play, but <mask> refused categorically. On the same day, he was released by the club, only seven days from his contract expiration. He finished his Vllaznia Shkodër career by making 13 league appearances, in addition two cup matches, scoring six goals in the process, being the joint top goalscorer of the team along with captain Ndriçim Shtubina. Kukësi return
On 9 August 2017, <mask> completed a transfer to reigning Albanian Superliga


title: Elis Bakaj

texts: champions Kukësi as a free transfer. He was presented on the same day, where he penned a one-year contract worth €70,000 a season.In addition, Bakaj would also earn €2,000 bonus for each goal scored and €500 for every assist provided in competitive matches. He made his debut later on 6 September 2017 in the 2017 Albanian Supercup against his former side Tirana which ended in a 0–1 defeat. His league debut occurred three days later in the opening match of championship against newbie Kamza, netting the winner via e penalty kick. He scored his first brace of the season on 21 October in a controversial fashion in the 3–0 win at Luftëtari Gjirokastër; the first goal was scored in 19th minute with a shot outside the box after everyone stopped playing after a whistle, thinking it was offisde; the whistle came from the stands and match referee ordered players to resume playing and Bakaj profited from that to score. Following the match, Luftëtari manager Hasan Lika called Bakaj a player who do not respect fair play. Bakaj defended himself by stating that referee told him to resume the game, adding that the goal was a "striker instinct". He finished the first phase of season 10 goals in 14 league appearances.Later on 19 February of the following year, during the league encounter against Partizani Tirana, Bakaj was sent-off in the last moments after insulting some fans in the tribune. Bakaj defended himself afterwards, saying that the insults were against two-three persons, and also added that he "will not allow anyone to touch my family". He was banned for the following two league matches by Albanian Football Association. <mask> finished his Kukësi career by making 25 appearances in total, including 20 in league,


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 netting 12 goals, all of them in league. Shakhtyor Soligorsk
On 4 March 2018, Bakaj completed a transfer to Belarusian Premier League outfit Shakhtyor Soligorsk for €120,000. The transfer was made official five days later, with the player signing a contract until the end of the year. During the presentation, Bakaj stated that he had studied the championship and club before coming, and also added that everything here is super.<mask> took his usual squad number 19, and made his debut for the club on 31 March in the goalless draw versus Dynamo Brest. He quickly become a regular starter in the team, providing several assists in his first weeks in the club, becoming a fan favourite in the process. He opened his scoring account later on 12 July 2018 in the first leg of 2018–19 UEFA Europa League first qualifying round versus Wales's Connah's Quay Nomads to give his side a 3–1 away win. It was his first European goal in 12 years and his second overall. <mask> was on the score-sheet in the second leg as well by netting a penalty as Shakhtyor won 5–1 on aggregate. He scored his first league goal on 16 July in the 2–0 home win against Dynamo Brest, which was followed by another Europa League goal, this time against Lech Poznań in a 1–1 home draw; this meant <mask> has scored in three consecutive Europa League games for the first time in career. On 5 November 2018, <mask>'s performances were rewarded as he was given a contract for the next season by the club.International career

<mask> was part of Albania under-21 team in their qualifying campaign of 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championship, where Albania was placed in Group 1. He played as a starter in team's first encounter against Italy on 1 June 2007, which

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Bakaj
Bakaj
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Youth Bakaj


title: Elis Bakaj

texts:
 finished in a 4–0 away defeat. In the second match five days later, <mask> was decisive for his team, scoring a winner via penalty kick to give his team a win against Faroe Islands. In the matchday 4 against Azerbaijan on 17 October 2007, <mask> was sent off for a second bookable offence, giving Azerbaijan a man advantage. However, Albania was able to grab a 1–1 draw at Ismat Gayibov Stadium, in Baku. <mask> made his senior debut for Albania on 21 November 2007 against Romania in the final UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying match, replacing fellow striker Erjon Bogdani in the 83rd minute. He scored his first senior international goal against Qatar on 22 May 2012 at Campo de Fútbol de Vallecas, Madrid, Spain.Personal life
He is the cousin of Edvan <mask> who plays as a goalkeeper for Kosovar club Drita. They were also teammates at Partizani and Tirana. In June 2018, he married his Romanian girlfriend Andrea Kostandin, whom he meet during his time at Dinamo București. Career statistics

Club

International

International goals
As of match played 6 February 2013. Albania score listed first, score column indicates score after each Bakaj goal. Honours

Club
Partizani Tirana
Albanian Cup: 2003–04
Albanian Supercup: 2004

Dinamo Tirana
Albanian Superliga: 2009–10

Individual
Albanian Footballer of the Year: 2009, 2010
Dinamo Tirana Player of the Season: 2009–10
Dinamo Tirana Goal of the Season: 2009–10, 2010–11
Albanian Superliga Player of the Month: October 2014, January 2016

References

External links

 Elis Bakaj career statistics at Soccerbase

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Tirana
Albanian footballers
Association football midfielders
Albania international footballers
Albanian expatriate

masks:
Bakaj
Bakaj
Senior Bakaj
Bakaj


title: Alexander Tilloch Galt

texts:
<mask>,  (September 6, 1817 – September 19, 1893) was a politician and a father of the Canadian Confederation. Early life
<mask> was born in Chelsea, England on September 6, 1817. He was the son of <mask>, a Scottish novelist and colonizer, and Elizabeth (née <mask>) <mask>. His mother was the only daughter of <mask>, the journalist and inventor who founded Philosophical Magazine. He was a first cousin of Sir Hugh Allan of Montreal, the owner of the Allan Shipping Line which was the largest privately owned shipping empire in the world in 1882. He was educated at Reading School. Career

He was a member of the Great Coalition government in the Province of Canada that secured Confederation between 1864 and 1867.He became a leading figure in the creation of the Coalition when he was asked to become premier of the Province of Canada by then Governor General Sir Edmund Walker Head. Doubting his own ability to demand the loyalty of the majority of members of the Legislative Assembly, he turned down the position, but recommended that George-Étienne Cartier and John A. Macdonald be asked to become co-leaders of the new government. In return, Cartier and Macdonald asked him to become Inspector-General of Canada. He accepted the post on the condition that Macdonald and Cartier made Confederation a key platform in their new government. In 1858, <mask> <mask> made a motion in the Legislature at Kingston recommending that the Province of Canada ask the British Government to create a federal union of British North America (Canada East and West, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia) and Rupert's Land (owned by the Hudson's Bay Company). The motion succeeded, and <mask>, John Ross, and Sir George-Étienne Cartier went to London to begin the long process of convincing the British to make British North America into the first sovereign Dominion within the British Empire. As Inspector General, Galt reformed the Province of Canada's banking system trade policies.He

masks:
Sir Alexander Tilloch Galt
Galt
John Galt
Tilloch
Galt
Alexander Tilloch
Alexander Tilloch
Galt
Alexander Galt


title: Alexander Tilloch Galt

texts:
 was the main architect of the Cayley-Galt Tariff, which protected colonial businesses and caused consternation in both Britain and the United States. July 1, 1867, Canada East and West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia became the first provinces in British North America to form the Dominion of Canada. Galt served as the first Minister of Finance in the new confederation. As minister of Finance, he reversed many of his earlier policies, promoting trade within the British Empire. Following a strong disagreement with Macdonald and Cartier concerning the fate of the Commercial Bank of Canada, Galt resigned from government. He continued to sit as an MP until 1872. Nevertheless, Galt remained an important figure in Canadian business and politics.In 1877, The British appointed him as their representative in the Halifax Fisheries Commission concerning American fishing rights in Canadian waters. Following a rapprochement with the re-elected Macdonald, <mask> was sent to London to be Canada's informal representative there. As this was the only important office of the Canadian government overseas at the time, he also travelled to France and Spain to negotiate trade deals with those nations. The British government knew of these trips and was not pleased that Canada had developed a foreign policy separate from the Empire. The British demanded that <mask>'s position be formalized, and in late 1880, he became the first Canadian High Commissioner in London. He left his post on 1 June 1883.

Business ventures

Sir <mask> and his son Elliott Torrance <mask> used his personal connections in Ottawa to arrange for his son Elliot to be appointed as the Assistant Indian Commissioner in southern Alberta. <mask> was certainly aware of the work done by Dr. George Dawson to map the coal deposits in southern Alberta, on behalf of the Geological Survey of Canada.Knowing a railroad was soon to be built in the region, <mask> likely saw the economic potential in southern Alberta's coal. This knowledge and

masks:
Galt
Galt
Alexander Galt
Galt
Alexander
Alexander


title: Alexander Tilloch Galt

texts: planning may have been part of the reason why he secured Elliot a post as Assistant Indian Commissioner. North Western Coal and Navigation Company. <mask> sent Nicholas Bryant and William Stafford to decide on the best location for a mine in southern Alberta. The men took samples at five locations across the region. Stafford decided upon the west side of the Oldman River. On October 13, 1882, William Stafford and a group of miners from Nova Scotia opened Drift Mine No.1 near the community of Coalbanks. <mask> created the North Western Coal and Navigation Company to grow his industry with the participation of English investors, the largest shareholder being William Lethbridge. William Lethbridge was named the president of the company and the growing community called Coalbanks was officially renamed Lethbridge in his honour in 1885. <mask> and <mask> established the Alberta Railway and Coal Company, to build two narrow-gauge rail lines, with the hope that the infrastructure would attract other businesses and settlers to the region. One rail line would go east to Dunmore, near Medicine Hat, and the second line would go south to Montana. Canada's Governor-General, the Marquess of Landsdowne, demonstrated the Dominion government's support of the Galt enterprises, by opening the Galts' railway in September 1885 in Lethbridge. The Federal Government granted large tracts of land in southern Alberta to the Galt's companies in return for building those two rail lines.The Galts wanted to sell that land to colonists and settlers, but the community and the region did not attract new European settlers to move here in the numbers they had expected. Charles Ora Card was sent to establish a colony of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) in Canada in 1886. He selected a spot “3 miles up Lee’s Creek,” the current site of the Town of Cardston. A small group of Mormon colonists arrived to establish the community in June 1887. Card encouraged the Galts to undertake a

masks:
Alexander Galt
Alexander
Alexander
Elliot Galt


title: Alexander Tilloch Galt

texts:
 First World War. Galt's sugar beet farms and factory at Raymond and his model farm near Lethbridge demonstrated that agriculture could prosper in southern Alberta. Galt's company, the North Western Coal and Navigation Company went through a variety of name changes as it moved into railways, and irrigation enterprises. Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier dedicated the 1910 Galt Hospital addition Since the construction of the new hospital Lethbridge Municipal Hospital in 1955, The 1910 Galt Hospital has served as a senior citizen's home, a rehabilitation centre, and as the Health Unit at different times.In 1966, the Sir Alexander Galt Museum moved from the Bowman Arts Centre into the Galt Hospital and occupied the top and bottom floors. In 1979, the Galt Museum & Archives took over the rest of building. The museum has built two expansions to the original building, one in 1985 and the most recent in 2006. <mask> was also the founding president of The Guarantee Company of North America in 1872, providing fidelity bonds to guarantee the surety of employees of railroads and government. The company still exists today as the largest provider of surety bonds in all of Canada in public works and government services. Personal life

On February 9, 1848, Galt married Elliot Torrance (1828–1850), the daughter of merchant and entrepreneur John Torrance, of Saint-Antoine Hall, Montreal. Among Elliot's sibling was Daniel Torrance, who married Sophia Johnson Vanderbilt, a daughter of Cornelius Vanderbilt, and Jane Torrance, who married David Torrance, president of the Bank of Montreal.Galt's wife died on May 25, 1850, shortly after giving birth to their only son:

 Elliott Torrance <mask> (1850–1928), the businessman and developer who died unmarried. Later he married her younger sister, Amy Gordon Torrance (1834–1911). Amy gave birth to seven daughters and two more sons. They lived in Montreal at their house within the Golden Square Mile, which Galt built in about 1860. Galt appears to have

masks:
Alexander Galt
Galt


title: Alexander Tilloch Galt

texts:
 had a very non-sectarian approach to religious faith and although the grandson of a Calvinist theologian, <mask> supported both the Methodist and Anglican churches while his wife, Amy, was a lifelong Presbyterian. Galt was reported to be a Freemason of Victoria Lodge, No. 16 (Quebec) of Sherbrooke.Galt died in Montreal, Quebec on September 19, 1893. He is interred in the Mount Royal Cemetery in Montreal. Legacy
He has a street named after him: Avenue <mask> in the borough of Verdun, Quebec, in the city of Montreal where he had lands. In Sherbrooke, Quebec, he has two streets named after him: rue Galt Est/Ouest and rue Alexandre. The Quartier Alexandre, located downtown, is also named after Galt. There is also a high school in Sherbrooke (Lennoxville) - <mask> Regional High School (http://alexandergalt.etsb.qc.ca/) located close to Bishop's University which is home to approximately 1000 students from grades 7 to 11. The Galt Gardens public park and Galt Museum (formerly a hospital) in Lethbridge, Alberta, are named after him.<mask> was portrayed by Patrick McKenna in the 2011 CBC Television film John A.: Birth of a Country. Archives
There is an <mask> Galt fonds at Library and Archives Canada. Notes

References

1817 births
1893 deaths
Canadian Anglicans
Canadian Ministers of Finance
High Commissioners of Canada to the United Kingdom
English emigrants to pre-Confederation Quebec
Fathers of Confederation
Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) MPs
Canadian Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec
Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from Canada East
History of Lethbridge
People from Chelsea, London
Canadian people of Scottish descent
Anglophone Quebec people
Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
People educated at Reading School
Canadian Companions of the Order of the Bath
Canadian Freemasons
Burials at Mount

masks:
Alexander Galt
Galt
Alexander Galt
Galt
Alexander Tilloch


title: Don Voisine

texts:
<mask> (born 1952 in Fort Kent, Maine) is an American abstract painter living in the Williamsburg neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York, USA. In the fall of 2016, "X/V," a 15 year survey of his work, was organized by the Center for Maine Contemporary Art, Rockland, ME. In 1997 he was elected a member of American Abstract Artists and became President of the group in 2004. <mask> was elected to the National Academy in 2010. His work is included in the public collections of the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, DC; Cincinnati Art Museum,Cincinnati, OH; Peabody Essex Museum, Salem MA; the Portland Museum of Art, Portland, ME; the Missoula Art Museum, Missoula, MT and the National Academy, New York, NY. Catalogue for “Splendor of Dynamic Structure: Celebrating 75 Years of the American Abstract Artists,”
Herbert F. Johnson Museum, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 2011
Vartanian, Hrag. “Mail Art Bulletin: The Unlikely Mail Artist,” Hyperallergic (blog), June 16, 2011
Greenleaf, Ken.“<mask>’s careful placements at Icon,” The Portland Phoenix, September 21, 2011
Diehl, Carol. “<mask>,” Art in America, October 2011
MacAdam, Barbara. “American Abstract Artists,” Artnews, October 2011
Cohen, David. “Linda Francis, <mask>, Joan Waltemath, Michael Zahn,” Artcritical.com, April 2009
Goodrich, John. “Mark Dagley & <mask>,” The New York Sun,

masks:
Don Voisine
Voisine
Don Voisine
Don Voisine
Don Voisine
Don Voisine


title: Don Voisine

texts:
 January 25, 2007
The Brooklyn Rail, “Art Seen - Review,” Michael Brennan, May 2006
New York Times, “Presentational Painting III,” Grace Glueck April 7, 2006
Artnet.Magazine, "Painting Presentation," Stephen Maine, April 7, 2006
New Arts Program/Berks Community Television, "Interview on New Arts Alive," with James F. L. Carroll, Reading, PA. February 28, 2006. Village Voice, “Odd Artist Out, Chris Martin,” Jerry Saltz, October 12–18, 2005
NY Arts Magazine, “Living History,” Dan Keane, Nov/Dec 2005
Chronogram, “Abstract Thought” Beth E. Wilson, October 2005
New York Observer, “I See a Canvas and I Want It Painted Black,” Mario Naves, August 1, 2005
Portland Phoenix, “Fishlike Fish ‘Sublime Geometries: CMCA at Portland’ at June Fitzpatrick,” Chris Thompson, February 23, 2005
Maine Sunday Telegram, “Eye on collection, insight into collector’s eye,” Phillip Isaacson, December 5, 2004
Interview with Matthew Deleget, MINUS SPACE, November 2003. catalogue for X/V, Center for Maine Contemporary Art, Rockland, ME

Yau, John.catalogue essay for two person exhibition, "<mask> Voisine - Cary Smith" Gregory Lind Gallery, San Francisco, CA

FutureShock OneTwo Internationale Neue Konkrete +, Matthias Seidel(Editor) SURFACE Book, dr. julius | ap  2012
Golden, Deven.Catalogue essay for exhibition at McKenzie Fine Art, New York 2009
Long,


title: Mario Dumont

texts:
<mask> (born May 19, 1970) is a Canadian television personality and former politician in Quebec, Canada. He was a Member of the National Assembly of Quebec (MNA), and the leader of the Action démocratique du Québec (ADQ), from 1994 to 2009. After the 2007 Quebec election, <mask> obtained the post of Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly. Following his party's poor showing in the 2008 Quebec election, he announced his resignation as ADQ leader, and subsequently joined the television network V to host a daily news and talk show, Dumont, which began in 2009. He left that network in 2012 to join the all-news channel LCN. Biography
<mask> was born in Saint-Georges-de-Cacouna, Quebec. <mask> and his wife, Marie-Claude Barrette, have three children: Angela, Charles, and Juliette.<mask> obtained a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Concordia University in 1993, and completed some graduate work at the Université de Montréal. Political career

Quebec Liberal Party
<mask> bought his first membership card in the Liberal Party of Quebec at age 15. He stated to his school friends that in the future he would be Quebec's premier. <mask> was a former President of the Liberal Party's Youth Commission, but had a falling out with the party following the rejection of the Allaire Report proposing maximalist powers for Quebec after the collapse of the Meech Lake Accord. <mask> called himself and Michel Bissonnet, who preceded <mask> as leader of the Liberal youth wing, the first Liberal sovereigntists. This was the group that led the Liberal sovereigntist faction while Liberal premier Robert Bourassa remained unopposed. <mask> organized the "Liberals for the No side," in the 1992 referendum on the Charlottetown Accord.Action

masks:
Mario Dumont
Dumont
Dumont
Dumont
Dumont
Dumont
Dumont
Dumont
Dumont
Dumont


title: Mario Dumont

texts:
 démocratique du Québec
Dumont and Liberal party insider Jean Allaire played a central role in the creation and development of the Action démocratique du Québec (ADQ) in 1994. He succeeded Allaire as leader after the latter resigned for health reasons. <mask> was elected as an ADQ member of the National Assembly for Rivière du Loup in the 1994, 1998, 2003, 2007 and 2008 elections. In the 1995 Quebec referendum, <mask> joined with Parti Québécois Premier Jacques Parizeau and Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard, who wooed him and with whom he remains close, in support of the sovereigntist campaign. <mask> revealed to Journalist Chantel Herbert and Jean Lapierre that they planned to use 1995 Quebec Referendum as a way to advocate for a new partnership between Quebec and Canada. However, Parizeau advocated for separation; so both Bouchard and <mask> followed his direction. In subsequent years, however he changed positions on the issue, arguing that the sovereignty question had been decided and that Quebecers had no desire to revisit it.In the years that followed, the constitutional position of the ADQ changed to favour Quebec autonomism, supporting increased powers and responsibilities for Quebec while remaining within Canada. In practical terms, <mask> has supported the creation of a Quebec constitution, the change of the province's name to that of the "autonomous state of Québec", and the collection of all taxes by the provincial government, with the funds necessary for the federal government to fulfill its constitutional responsibilities being transferred to it by the province. Since the 1998 provincial election, <mask> has distinguished himself primarily for his stances on economic issues, which are generally considered

masks: Dumont Dumont Dumont Dumont Dumont Dumont


title: Mario Dumont

texts:
 to be right of centre in the context of the predominantly social-democratic Quebec political scene. He advocates the payment of a cash allowance to parents who do not wish to make use of the province's $7 a day daycare program, changes to the provincial health system that would allow private for profit health care and private health insurance alongside the public system, the abolition of school boards, the encouragement of private education, a tougher criminal justice system, reductions in the size of the provincial bureaucracy, and the repayment of the province's $127 billion government debt. <mask> was personally very popular, and for most of his career was far more popular than the ADQ as a whole. In fact, for many years, the ADQ tried to capitalize on <mask>'s personal popularity by using the official name Action démocratique du Québec-Équipe Mario <mask> (Action démocratique du Québec-Team Mario Dumont). However, this didn't translate to support for his party; it never won much support in Montreal or the Outaouais.2007 Quebec election
In the 2007 Quebec election, the ADQ won 41 seats with 31% of the popular vote, and formed the Official Opposition in the National Assembly. Prior to the dissolution of the National Assembly, the ADQ had held only five seats, and as a result did not have official party status. Despite becoming the Official Opposition, the ADQ was almost nonexistent in several of the province's major cities. It won almost no seats in Montreal, Gatineau, Saguenay, Longueuil, Laval and Sherbrooke. Tasha Kheiriddin argued that his result would have given right-of-centre currents swirling in Quebec politics. 2008 Quebec election
On October 23, 2008, two ADQ MNAs, André Riedl and Pierre-Michel Auger, crossed

masks: Dumont Dumont Dumont


title: Mario Dumont

texts:
 the floor to the governing Liberal Party, embarrassing Dumont. Quebec premier Jean Charest subsequently called a snap election for December 8, 2008.A Léger Marketing poll conducted between Friday, November 14 and Monday, November 17, showed the Liberals with 44% support, the PQ with 33%, and the ADQ with 15%. The ADQ won a meagre seven seats (17% of the vote) in the election. Following this poor showing, <mask> retired from politics on election night. Television career

At TQS' 2009 upfronts presentation, it was announced that <mask> would join the network in the fall as host of a daily news and information series, Dumont 360. The series launched in September 2009, shortly after the network was rebranded as V.

In 2012, <mask> moved to LCN and began a new show called Dumont. Since 2018, he has also hosted his own radio show, Le retour de <mask>, on QUB Radio. Votes of confidence

Bibliography
L'Instinct <mask>, Denis Lessard (Quebec: Voix Paralleles, 2007)

Electoral record

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References

External links

Genealogy : <mask>

1970 births
Action démocratique du Québec MNAs
Concordia University alumni
French Quebecers
Living people
People from Rivière-du-Loup
Quebec political party leaders
Canadian television hosts
Quebecor people
21st-century Canadian

masks:
Dumont
Dumont
Dumont
Mario Dumont
Dumont
Mario Dumont


title: Fred Crane (actor)

texts:
<mask>, (March 22, 1918 – August 21, 2008) was an American film and television actor and radio announcer. He is probably best known for his role as Brent Tarleton in the 1939 film, Gone with the Wind, speaking the opening lines in the movie during the opening scene with Scarlett O'Hara (Vivien Leigh) and Stuart Tarleton (George Reeves). Biography
<mask> was born in New Orleans, Louisiana in 1918. Along with his brothers John and Harry, he grew up on General Pershing St. and went to the MacDonough #13 and Alcee Fortier schools. His father was a dentist, whose father and grandfather also were dentists. <mask> was to break the trend, getting into acting and football at both Loyola and Tulane Universities. His first job in his teens was working in his spare time for an ice delivery service, back before electric refrigerators had caught on.Around the time he was 20, his mother gave him that legendary "$50 and a suitcase" to come out to Hollywood and get into motion pictures, impressed that a neighbor's daughter had signed a movie contract, but also knowing that her son had the mettle to perform (on stage at college, and later in film, television and radio). At first he stayed with relatives as well as taking a job at the local zoo to pay the rent, after which at night he would read books to a relative whose vision was deteriorating. It wasn't too long before he was invited on that fateful trip to Selznick International Pictures, where his cousin, Leatrice Joy Gilbert, (daughter of Leatrice Joy) was going to audition for the part of Suellen in the movie, "Gone With the Wind." He was taking in all the sights and sounds of the studio, when during a discussion, his authentic Southern accent combined with striking good looks landed him a meeting with

masks:
Herman Frederick Crane
Crane
Fred


title: Fred Crane (actor)

texts: Gone With The Wind first director George Cukor and producer David O. Selznick, which led to a script reading with Vivien Leigh, who had been chosen to play Scarlett O'Hara. Selznick was impressed, and signed <mask> to a 13-week contract at $50 a week. Even though he had not intended to try out for a job that day, <mask>'s many years of study and immersion into the arts gave him remarkable abilities as a renaissance raconteur, able to recite verse on the spur of the moment, or launch into any one of thousands of songs from the spark of a conversation... and his voice and quick wit helped him meet the challenges of many opportunities, whether acting or as a craftsman. <mask> played the part of Brent Tarleton, one of Scarlett's suitors, and spoke the opening lines in the film.One of the lasting Trivial Pursuit questions was initiated for all time, when an error in the credits listed his name as Stuart, who was actually played by George Reeves, who among his many roles, is also fondly remembered as Superman in the TV series. It was deemed too costly to fix this, so it endures this way, but when watching and listening to the dialogue, it is clear who George and <mask> play in the movie. Brent speaks the opening lines of the movie, "What do we care if we were expelled from college, Miss Scarlett? The war's going to start soon, so we would have left college anyhow." He did not attend the film's 1939 premiere in Atlanta, although he attended the premiere in Los Angeles with his good friend and "twin," George Bessolo Reeves, at Carthay Circle Theatre. In later years (June 1998), he was one of the special guests at the celebrity-studded premiere screening of the restored version of Gone With The Wind hosted by Ted Turner in Atlanta. In 1940, he

masks: Crane Fred Fred Fred


title: Fred Crane (actor)

texts: married his first wife, Marcelle Dudley, and later went on to marry another four times.As he began a family, World War II limited his options as acting work was difficult to come by, and so he began tutoring at Crossroads of the World, one of his film students being Gene L. Coon (well known for his work on the first season of Star Trek: The Original Series), and also working in a munitions factory until the war came to a close. Shortly afterward in 1946, he interviewed with Errett Lobban Cord, then-owner of KFAC (1330 AM), which had recently completed an evolution to a fine arts/classical music format. <mask> was hired part-time, (a second vocation attributed to his vocal prowess) for his exquisite speaking voice and extensive familiarity with musical compositions. He had done and continued to do other radio programs simultaneously, such as staff voice actor on The Jack Benny Program (on NBC Radio), and other announcing roles. He had mastered a remarkable talent for not only the retention of information, performances and musical acuity in general, but classical music in particular (and the capable pronunciation of all the languages and dialects that entails), partly from his college studies, but also a great deal from being a very dedicated follower of the Walter Damrosch radio program for many of his younger years. He continued to dabble in film, working on the Cisco Kid television series (one of the first to be shot in color) in an episode entitled The Gay Amigo (1949), with Duncan Renaldo as the Kid and Leo Carrillo as Pancho. He eventually appeared in several TV shows, including guest roles and staff roles on shows such as Lost in Space, Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, Twilight Zone, Peyton Place, Lawman, Hawaiian Eye, and 77 Sunset


title: Fred Crane (actor)

texts: Strip.He also appeared on General Hospital later in the 1970s, and continued taking on occasional jobs in narration. His family continued to grow, leading him to explore other, more dependable work options as well, as many struggling actors would attest. He spent several years working at a pharmacy, several more years as a fine tools machinist and inspector, and several years in housing construction partnership, all the while working part-time at KFAC until a full-time position opened up in the 1960s. About a decade later, he was promoted to AM Program Director (Carl Princi was the FM Director) in addition to the duties of performing his 6-hour morning show live (Hark, the Glad Sounds), and recording voice tracks and commercials for the all-night show (Music Out of the Night) for several hours each weekday after his show completed at noon. His show was frequently in the top 5 of drive-time popularity, ranked by polls in the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner during that time. As a signature opening for his radio show, he'd often start with the great opening of "Gone With The Wind", and then his introduction. He would not mention it, but it was a light remembrance of his having the first line in GWTW.<mask> continued with the radio station after it moved from Prudential Square (near Wilshire and La Brea) to new quarters on Yucca St. in Hollywood, until the day when most of the older staff were dismissed without notice in 1987. Those who were fired eventually won their case against this issue in an age discrimination suit. <mask> continued to work in radio for several years after that, at KKGO, which was partly jazz, partly classical programming at that time. He semi-retired in the 1990s, beginning a tour of several years of appearances for fans

masks: Fred Fred


title: Fred Crane (actor)

texts:
 and special events, as well as cruise ship lectures and continuing on charity fundraisers for PBS station KCET. The new millennium took him full circle back to the Southern states, where he and his fifth wife, Terry Lynn, bought an antebellum mansion in Barnesville, Georgia and turned it into Tarleton Oaks, a bed-and-breakfast with a Gone With The Wind museum, where guests could view artifacts from the film. Tarleton Oaks was sold at an auction in 2007 due to <mask>'s failing health, and as a part of the experience attendees were treated to a few hours of fond recollections from his early days in the film industry. Around 2003, <mask> had developed difficulties with diabetes, which he unfortunately acquired shortly after his second heart surgery.He'd had successful surgery to repair a vein in his leg, which had limited circulation due to the combination of diabetes and a previous heart operation in which the vein had been removed for heart bypass surgery. Unfortunately, infection had escalated in the leg, prolonging the hospital stay, and he contracted a pulmonary embolism a few days later, passing away at 12:10 p.m. Eastern Time on August 21, 2008. He was the last male surviving actor who played an adult role in the film, leaving the two remaining males Mickey Kuhn, who played Beau Wilkes as a child, and Patrick Curtis, who was one of several infants who played Melanie's baby in GWTW. "I am but a small shard in a grand mosaic." – <mask>

Filmography

References

External links

 , with makeup still from Gone With the Wind, with George Reeves

1918 births
2008 deaths
20th-century American male actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
Loyola University New Orleans alumni
Male actors from New Orleans
Tulane

masks:
Crane
Fred
Fred Crane


title: Ali Akbar Khan

texts:
<mask> (14 April 192218 June 2009) was an Indian Hindustani classical musician of the Maihar gharana, known for his virtuosity in playing the sarod. Trained as a classical musician and instrumentalist by his father, <mask>, he also composed numerous classical ragas and film scores. He established a music school in Calcutta in 1956, and the Ali Akbar College of Music in 1967, which moved with him to the United States and is now based in San Rafael, California, with a branch in Basel, Switzerland. <mask> was instrumental in popularizing Indian classical music in the West, both as a performer and as a teacher. He first came to America in 1955 on the invitation of violinist Yehudi Menuhin and later settled in California. He was a Distinguished Adjunct Professor of Music at the University of California, Santa Cruz. <mask> was accorded India's second highest civilian honour, the Padma Vibhushan, in 1989.Nominated five times for the Grammy Award, <mask> was also a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship and the National Endowment for the Arts' National Heritage Fellowship. Childhood and training
<mask> <mask> was born in the village of Shibpur, Brahmanbaria, in present-day Bangladesh, to renowned musician and teacher, Allauddin <mask> and Madina Begum. Soon after his birth, <mask>'s family returned to Maihar (in present-day Madhya Pradesh, India) where his father was the primary court musician for the Maharaja of the princely state. From an early age <mask> received training from his father in various instruments as well as vocal composition, but finally gravitated towards the sarod. Allauddin was a perfectionist and a strict taskmaster, and <mask>'s lessons started before dawn and often lasted 18 hours a day. <mask> also learned to play the tabla and the pakhavaj from his uncle, Aftabuddin <mask>, who he visited at Shibpur. During this period he met several prominent musicians, such as the sarodist Timir Baran and flautist Pannalal Ghosh, who came to

masks:
Ali Akbar Khan
Allauddin Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Ali Akbar
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan


title: Ali Akbar Khan

texts:
 study with his father; in later years he was joined in his lessons by his sister Annapurna Devi, who became an accomplished player of the surbahar, and fellow student Ravi Shankar.Shankar and Annapurna Devi were married in 1941. Of his training on the sarod, he wrote:

Career

<mask>, after years of rigorous training, gave his debut performance at a music conference in Allahabad in 1936, at the age of 13. Three years later, in December 1939, he accompanied Ravi Shankar on the sarod during the latter's debut performance at the same conference; this was the first of many jugalbandis (duets) between the two musicians. In 1938 <mask> gave his first recital on All India Radio (AIR), Bombay (accompanied on the tabla by Alla Rakha), and starting in January 1940, he gave monthly performances on AIR, Lucknow. Finally in 1944, both Shankar and <mask> left Maihar to start their professional careers as musicians; Shankar went to Bombay, while <mask> became the youngest Music Director for AIR, Lucknow, and was responsible for solo performances and composing for the radio orchestra. In 1943, on his father's recommendation, <mask> was appointed a court musician for the Maharaja of Jodhpur, Hanwant Singh. There, he taught and composed music besides giving recitals and was accorded the title of Ustad by the Maharaja.When the princely states were wound down with India's independence in 1947 and Hanwant Singh died in a plane crash in 1948, <mask> moved to Bombay. In Bombay, he won acclaim as a composer of several film scores, including Chetan Anand's Aandhiyan (1952). Lata Mangeshkar sang the title song, "Har Kahin Pe Shaadmani" and as a token of her respect to sarod maestro, did not charge any fee. This was followed by Satyajit Ray's Devi (1960), Merchant-Ivory's The Householder, and Tapan Sinha's Khudito Pashan ("Hungry Stones", 1960), for which he won the "Best Musician of the Year" award. He also played Sarod for a song in 1955 film Seema which had the

masks: Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan


title: Ali Akbar Khan

texts:
 music composed by Shankar Jaikishan. Later in 1993, he would score some of the music for Bernardo Bertolucci's Little Buddha. Beginning in 1945, <mask> also started recording a series of 78 rpm disks (which could record about three minutes of music) at the HMV Studios in Bombay.For one such record he conceived a new composition Raga Chandranandan ("moonstruck"), based on four evening ragas, Malkauns, Chandrakauns, Nandakauns and Kaushi Kanada. This record was a huge success in India, and the raga found a worldwide audience, when a 22-minute rendition was re-recorded for the Master Musician of India LP in 1965 − one of <mask>'s seminal recordings. He performed in India and traveled extensively in the West. In 1956, <mask> founded the Ali Akbar College of Music in Calcutta, with the mission to teach and spread Indian classical music. He founded another school of the same name in Berkeley, California in 1967 and later moved it to San Rafael, California. <mask> performed in Boston with Shankar Ghosh in 1969 for the Peabody Mason Concert series. In 1985 he founded another branch of the Ali Akbar College of Music in Basel, Switzerland.<mask> was the first Indian musician to record an LP album of Indian classical music in the United States and to play sarod on American television. <mask> has participated in a number of classic jugalbandi pairings, most notably with Ravi Shankar, Nikhil Banerjee and violinist L. Subramaniam. A few recordings of duets with Vilayat <mask> also exist. He also collaborated with Western musicians; he taught Grateful Dead drummers Mickey Hart and, by extension, Bill Kreutzmann. In August 1971, <mask> performed at Madison Square Garden for the Concert for Bangladesh, along with Ravi Shankar, Alla Rakha and Kamala Chakravarty; other musicians at the concert included George Harrison, Bob Dylan, Eric Clapton and Ringo Starr. A live album and a movie of the event were later released. Illness and death
<mask> was based in the

masks: Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan


title: Ali Akbar Khan

texts:
 United States for the last four decades of his life.He toured extensively until he was prevented from doing so by ill health. He had been a dialysis patient since 2004. He died from kidney failure at his home in San Anselmo, California. Personal life
<mask> married three times (first Zubeida Begum, then Rajdulari <mask>a, and finally <mask>). Six of his children and one grandson are musicians:  Aashish <mask> (b 1939, sarod), Dhyanesh <mask> (1941–90; sarod), Ameena Perrera (Sitar), Pranesh <mask> (tabla), Rajesh <mask> (sarod), Alam <mask> (b 1982, sarod), Manik <mask> (b 1986, Sarod); and his grandson, Shiraz <mask> (sarod). Awards
<mask> was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1967 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1989, among other awards. He received a MacArthur Fellowship in 1991, the first Indian musician to receive the so-called "genius grant".In 1997, <mask> received the National Endowment for the Arts' prestigious National Heritage Fellowship, the United States' highest honour in the traditional arts. <mask> received five Grammy nominations over the course of his life. Selected discography
With John Handy:
Karuna Supreme (MPS, 1976)
Rainbow (MPS, 1981)
With Ravi Shankar:
The Master Musicians of India (Prestige, 1964)
Solo Albums:
Sound of the Sarod: Recorded in Concert (World Pacific) (recorded in LA, c1962)
The Classical Music of India  (Prestige, 1964)
Bear's Sonic Journals: That Which Colors the Mind (Owsley Stanley Foundation, 2020)

References

Cited sources

External links

Ali Akbar College of Music

1922 births
2009 deaths
Bengali musicians
Deaths from kidney failure
Hindustani instrumentalists
Indian film score composers
MacArthur Fellows
Maihar gharana
National Heritage Fellowship winners
People from Comilla District
Pupils of Allauddin <mask>
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts
Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in arts
Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship
Sarod players
Indian Muslims
20th-century Indian male classical

masks:
Khan
Khan Sahib
Mary Khan
Khan Debasharma
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Ali Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan


title: Ram Nath Shastri

texts:
<mask>, known as the "Father of Dogri" for his pivotal role in the revival and resurgence of the Dogri language, was born on 15 April 1914. He was a versatile and prolific litterateur who excelled as Dogri poet, dramatist, fiction writer, lexicographer, essayist, educationist, translator, and editor. Through his writings in the various genres he has succeeded in urshering Dogri language on the national stage. In 2001, he was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship, awarded by the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, the highest literary honour conferred by the Government of India. Early life and career
Prof. <mask>'s father, Vaid Gauri Shankar, was an Ayurvedic doctor and originally belonged to a small village Marhi in Reasi tehsil of Udhampur district (now Reasi district). For better prospects, he moved to Jammu. Initially, he wanted <mask> to adopt the same profession and instructed him to learn Sanskrit.All ancient scriptures being in Sanskrit, it would be immensely helpful as an Ayurvedic doctor. He joined Ranbir Sanskrit Pathshala at the Ranbir High School. After which, he did post graduation in Sanskrit and Prabhakar in Hindi. He started his career as a high school Sanskrit teacher for 5 years and later he became a college lecturer. In 1944, on the day of Basant Panchami, along with a few friends, he established the Dogri Sanstha. Every upcoming writer in the Dogri language would first enroll himself in the Sanstha .Dogri is highly indebted to Professor <mask> <mask>, who is always giving it his paternal

masks:
Padma Shri Ram Nath Shastri
Shastri
Ram Nath
Ram Nath
Shastri


title: Ram Nath Shastri

texts:
 blessings. He also edited the Dogri literary periodical Nami Chetna of the Sanstha.In 1970, on the occasion of the Silver Jubilee Celebration of Dogri Sanstha, he edited the RAJAT JAYANTI GRANTH in which research oriented articles on Dogra life, art, culture, literature and history were put together. In 1970, he retired as a professor in the J&K State Education Department. From 1970 to 1975 he has been a Senior Fellow of Dogri in the University of Jammu. From 1977 to 1985, as Chief Editor in J&K Cultural Academy he edited the 'Dogri – Dogri Dictionary′ which is regarded as a monumental addition to the development of the Dogri language for J and K Cultural Academy. He died on 8 March 2009, in Jemmu. Literary achievements
Professor <mask> began his literary career with the writing of Hindi short stories and essays as Dogri was more of a regional local language with insignificant literary history. Later, he resolved to be at the forefront of the Dogri literacy movement.Later, in 1943 he along with his fellow writers, switched over to writing in his mother tongue Dogri, giving impetus to the spirit of renaissance in the community to recognise and appreciate the beauty of their language He has contributions in different genres to his credit and he worked tirelessly to promote the Dogri Language. Prof. <mask> presented an ideology that he believed in, shunning old and outdated values and embracing values like- fairness, equality and individual heroism. His writings have undercurrents of satire and irony as he exposes the double

masks: Shastri Shastri


title: Ram Nath Shastri

texts:
 December 2003, as the happiest moment of his life, <mask> Shastri, said: "This has ended the long struggle of the Dogri-speaking people for a rightful place for their language. (Prime Minister) Atal Bihari Vajpayee has fulfilled his promise to Jammuites." Other writers' comments
<mask> Rath, an eminent Oriya poet and president of Sahitya Akademi says, " There are few in India and elsewhere in the world who excel in so many areas of literature.”

Eminent Dogri litterateur Padma Sachdev says, "Professor <mask>nath Shastri is the Bharatendu Harishchandra of Dogri.There is not a single person, who is writing in Dogri now has not been influenced by him Not a single word is there in Dogri on which his stamp has not been registered.”

References

seminar on life of Prof. <mask> <mask> commences, December 9, 2010
Jammu Writers & Authors
Two decades of Dogri literature --- Shivanath

1914 births
2009 deaths
Dogri language
Indian male short story writers
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Dogri
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education
Translators from Sanskrit
People from Reasi district
20th-century Indian poets
20th-century Indian translators
20th-century Indian short story writers
Poets from Jammu and Kashmir
Indian male poets
20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
Indian male dramatists and playwrights
Dramatists and playwrights from Jammu and Kashmir
20th-century Indian male writers
University of Jammu faculty
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Prize for

masks:
Ram Nath
Ramnath
Ram
Ram Nath
Shastri