title: Lawrence H. Livingston

texts:
 approximately 50 yards distant.Although blown from his feet by explosions and periodically delayed to reform and redirect his casualty-riddled force, he forged ahead, leading the Vietnamese Marines into the enemy-infested trench lines of the objective and a subsequent hand-to-hand battle. Upon seizure of the initial portion of the trench line, Captain <mask> shed his combat equipment, emerged from the trench line, and exposed himself to a hail of enemy fire to reach and carry his wounded naval gunfire spotter to a position of relative safety. Captain <mask>'s repeated acts of heroism in the face of heavy enemy fire reflected great credit upon himself and the Marine Corps and were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service. Silver Star citation
The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Captain <mask> <mask> (MCSN: 0-107447), United States Marine Corps, for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action while serving in the Republic of Vietnam on 12 April 1972 as the Assistant United States Marine Advisor to the First Infantry Battalion, Vietnamese Marine Corps. Captain <mask> and the company of Marines with which he was participating in a search operation, having just taken a prisoner for interrogation, were ambushed by a Vietnamese platoon. Within thirty seconds intense enemy fire had killed the Vietnamese Officer in Charge and killed or wounded all but two of the friendly forces in the immediate area. Without hesitation and with complete disregard for his own safety, Captain <mask> braved intense enemy fire to recover the body of the Vietnamese officer and to remove several wounded to a protected area.Then, realizing that the

masks:
Livingston
Livingston
Lawrence Herbert
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston


title: Lawrence H. Livingston

type: original

texts:
 prisoner would be able to provide intelligence, he questioned him and learned the enemy disposition. By organizing the resistance of his Vietnamese comrades, he ensured that the company was able to drive off the North Vietnamese. Captain <mask>'s courageous and decisive action immediately following the death of the Vietnamese commander not only resulted in the withdrawal of the enemy platoon, saving an untold number of friendly casualties, but enabled the Vietnamese Marines, with the aid of supporting artillery fire, to inflict serious damage to a larger enemy unit nearby. Captain <mask>'s devotion to duty, courage under fire and exemplary professionalism were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service. See also
List of Navy Cross recipients for the Vietnam War
List of 2nd Marine Division commanders

References

External links

1940 births
2018 deaths
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Silver Star
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)
United States Marine Corps generals
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Gulf War
Military personnel from Ohio
People from Defiance, Ohio
Joint Forces Staff College alumni
National War College

masks: Livingston Livingston


title: Jan de Herdt

texts:
<mask>, in Italy also called Il fiammingo (Antwerp, c. 1620 – between 1686 and 1690) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman. After training in Antwerp, he spent his entire career abroad, first in Northern Italy and later in Vienna and other cities in central Europe. He was mainly a portrait artist but also painted genre scenes as well as religious, mythological and allegorical subjects. He was part of a network of Flemish and Dutch painters working for the court, aristocracy and ecclesiastical institutions of central Europe. Life
Details about the life of <mask> are sketchy. He is believed to have been born in Antwerp around 1620. It is not clear who was his master.He is not recorded with any of the contemporary painters as a pupil. It is therefore possible that he studied with Rubens or Jordaens, two artists who as court artists were exempted from the requirement to register their pupils with the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke. There exists no documentary evidence for such apprenticeship. It is also possible that he was trained outside of Antwerp. He was admitted as a master in the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke in the guild year 1646–47. On 18 October 1648 he joined the 'Sodaliteit van de Bejaerde Jongmans' (Sodality of the Unmarried Men of Age), a fraternity for bachelors established by the Jesuit order. He left Flanders and is subsequently recorded in Northern Italy, where he is documented in Lovere in 1657 as working on an altarpiece for the local church of St George.The large painting depicting Moses striking the rock is still in situ. He was recorded in Bergamo in 1658 where he painted the Abraham and Abimelech for the Santa Maria Maggiore Church, which is still in situ. He is documented in Brescia in 1660–1661. In this location he resided long enough to train the painter Angelo Everardi, who was likely of Flemish descent and was known as il Fiammenghino. Although there is no documentary evidence for this, it is likely that he was also active in Mantua

masks:
Jan de Herdt
Jan de Herdt


title: Jan de Herdt

texts: for a while. The artistic direction of the Ducal Court in Mantua had been for decades in the hands of Flemish artists, first Daniel van <mask> and later Frans Geffels. Geffels was also from Antwerp and had become a member of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke a year earlier than <mask>dt.He had then left to work in Italy while also working for periods in, and maintaining links, with Vienna, where both artists are believed to have arrived in the early 1660s. It is likely that the artists knew each other as they both contributed to a collaborative book published in Vienna, the Historia di Leopoldo Cesare. <mask> <mask> followed in the footsteps of many of his compatriots of the previous generation who sought a career in Central Europe. The Southern Netherlands had developed a close bond with the Imperial court in Vienna as its Spanish rulers were connected with it through dynastic links. The governors of the Southern Netherlands were often members of the Austrian Imperial family. They occasionally took artists from Flanders back with them when they returned to Vienna after being called back from their post. This was the case with Archduke Leopold Wilhelm, who brought artists such as <mask> <mask> Baren, Franciscus <mask> Steen and Nikolaus van Hoy back with him to Vienna.<mask> <mask>'s brother had preceded him as he was working in Vienna as a goldsmith to the court and may have been instrumental in introducing <mask> to the court in Vienna. While he is believed to have arrived in Vienna around 1660, <mask> is first documented in Vienna on 8 January 1662. On that date he signed his name in the ecclesiastical registers of the Schottenkirche (Scottish church) in Vienna as he together with the Flemish engraver Franciscus <mask> Steen acted as a witnesses at the wedding of the Dutch artist <mask> <mask>. <mask> <mask> later collaborated with <mask> Steen on a series of aristocratic portraits for the publication Historia di Lepoldo Cesare. Frans Geffels also

masks:
den Dyck
de Her
Jan de
Herdt
Jan Anton
van der
van der
Jan de
Herdt
Jan
Jan
van der
Hans de
Jode
Jan de
Herdt
van der


title: Jan de Herdt

texts:
 contributed to this publication. In Vienna, <mask>dt painted portraits of courtiers as well as history paintings for their chateaux and palaces. He appears in the business records of Forchondt, a family business of art dealers from Antwerp who served clients throughout Europe and had a branch in Vienna.The son of the founder of the family business trained as a goldsmith with <mask>'s brother in Vienna. The records of the Forchondt firm show that in 1671 Prince Schwarzenberg bought a painting on the subject of Armida and Rinaldo, which was likely the Rinaldo preventing Armida's suicide by <mask>dt (now in the former Augustinian monastery in Brno). <mask> may have been active in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou (now in the Czech Republic) from the beginning of 1666 to January 1667. From 1666 to 1668 <mask>dt worked in Brno. He is recorded in Prague in 1680 where he had accompanied the court when it fled Vienna due to an outbreak of the plague. He was in Třebíč from 1880 to 1881 and, in this last year, also in Znojmo. In 1684 he executed two works for patrons in Prague but these were possibly created elsewhere.The last report of his presence in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou dates back to 1686. After 1686 there is no more news of the artist. The exact time and place of his death are not known. There are no records about him after 1686. It is believed he died sometime between 1686 and 1690 in Central Europe. Work
<mask> <mask> was a versatile painter who painted portraits, stories from the bible, history paintings and genre scenes. He signed the vast majority of his works with the most widespread variant of his name J. D<mask>.The most apparent influences on his work are Antwerp's leading painters Anthony van Dyck, Rubens, Jordaens and Caspar <mask>er. The style of <mask>'s portraits shows the influence of the van Dyckian portrait model. This influence is also recognisable in his series of paintings recounting stories from Torquato Tasso's 'Gerusalemme Liberata' such as

masks:
de Her
Jan
de Her
Jan
de Her
Jan de
Herdt
. Herdt
de Cray
de Herdt


title: Jan de Herdt

texts:
 the Erminia and the shepherds. <mask> <mask> also was aware of trends in Central European painting. This is shown in his Portrait of the family of Imperial Goldsmith Franz Wilhelm <mask> von Antorff (Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium). <mask>'s family portrait likely includes a self-portrait in the young man on the left who holds a watch in his left hand and points with his right hand to the floor. Alternatively, this may be a portrait of his nephew.Given the similarities between the two works, <mask>'s family portrait may indicate that he had seen the Family of precious stone cutter Dionysius Miseroni (National Gallery Prague) painted by the Czech portrait painter Karel Škréta in 1653. This was one of the first group portraits of this kind in Central Europe. In 1669 Tobias Pock painted a Self-Portrait with the artist's family in which he depicted himself in a manner that is almost identical to the one used by <mask> <mask> in his family portrait. Pock may have known <mask>'s family portrait. <mask> <mask> along with the above-mentioned artists created an entirely new visual language in Central Europe through this type of communicative group portrait. [[File:<mask> <mask> - Portrait of Franz Augustin of Waldstein.jpg|thumb|200px|Portrait of Franz Augustin von Waldstein]]

<mask> <mask> collaborated on the publication Historia di Leopoldo Cesare written by Galeazzo Gualdo Priorato and published in Vienna by the Flemish publisher from Antwerp Johann Baptist Hacque. The first and second volumes of the book were published in 1670 and a third one in 1674.The first volume described the political and military successes of Emperor Leopold I between 1656 and 1670. It was mainly illustrated with prints made by Flemish and Dutch printmakers after designs by other Netherlandish artists as well as artists from Germany and Italy. The illustrations mainly depict portraits of European monarchs and important aristocrats, castle scenes, battle scenes, maps and

masks:
Jan de
Herdt
de Harde
De Herdt
de Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
de Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
Jan de
Herdt


title: Jan de Herdt

texts:
 ceremonies. Apart from <mask> <mask>, the Dutch and Flemish artists who contributed to the work were Frans Geffels, Cornelis Meyssens, Franciscus <mask> Steen, Gerard Bouttats, Adriaen van Bloemen, Sebastian van Dryweghen and Jacob Toorenvliet. German artists Moritz Lang, Johann Martin Lerch and Johann Holst and Italians Il Bianchi, Marco Boschini and Leonardus Hen.t Venetiis also contributed. <mask> <mask> contributed at least six designs for portraits: Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, Duke Ferdinand Dietrichstein, Count Jean-Louis Raduit <mask>, Count Raimund Montecuccoli, Count <mask> and Count Nicholas Zrinsky. The prints designed by <mask>dt in this publication have been used as the basis for attributing paintings to <mask>.For instance, the Portrait of the Polish nobleman and commander Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski (Royal Castle, Warsaw) was attributed in this manner. <mask> is also the author of a series of portraits of members of the Waldstein family. The works <mask> created in Italy are all found in Lombardy. In 1920 the artist's signature was discovered on the altarpiece of the high altar of the Church of Saint Maurice in Breno in Lombardy, northern Italy. The altarpiece depicts Saint Maurice kneeling before the Virgin and Child. There was a Portrait of St. Elizabeth (now lost) in the Church of St. Francis of Assisi in Brescia. There is an altarpiece depicting the Virgin in the clouds with Saints Anthony of Padua and Valentine'', signed J.<mask> F. in situ at the Church of San Giovanni Decollato in Desenzano del Garda. Another painting by <mask> in Lombardy is an altarpiece of Moses striking the rock preserved in the Church of Saint Georges in Lovere. This work is remarkable for its large size (785 cm high and 500 cm wide) and the movement of the large crowd depicted in it. References

External links

1620 births
1686 deaths
Painters from Antwerp
Flemish Baroque painters
Flemish portrait painters
Flemish genre painters
Flemish history

masks:
Jan de
Herdt
van der
Jan de
Herdt
de Souches
Jan Rottal
de Her
de Herdt
De Herdt
de Herdt
De Herdt
de Herdt


title: Bess of Hardwick

texts: Elizabeth Cavendish, later Elizabeth Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury (c. 152713 February 1608), known as <mask> of Hardwick (née <mask>), of Hardwick Hall in Derbyshire, was a notable figure of Elizabethan English society. By a series of well-made marriages, she rose to the highest levels of English nobility and became enormously wealthy. Bess was a shrewd business woman, increasing her assets with business interests including mines and glass-making workshops. She was married four times. Her first husband was Robert Barley (or Barlow), who died aged about 14 or 15 on 24 December 1544. Her second husband was the courtier Sir William Cavendish. Her third husband was Sir William St Loe.Her last husband was George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, sometime keeper to the captive Mary, Queen of Scots. An accomplished needlewoman, Bess joined her husband's captive charge at Chatsworth House for extended periods in 1569, 1570, and 1571, during which time they worked together on the Oxburgh Hangings. In 1601, Bess ordered an inventory of the household furnishings, including textiles, at her three properties at Chatsworth, Hardwick, and Chelsea, which survives. In her will she bequeathed these items to her heirs to be preserved in perpetuity. The 400-year-old collection, now known as the Hardwick Hall textiles, is the largest collection of tapestry, embroidery, canvaswork, and other textiles to have been preserved by a single private family. Bess is also well known for her building projects, the most famous of which are Chatsworth, now the seat of the Dukes of Devonshire (whose

masks:
Bess
Elizabeth Hardwick


title: Bess of Hardwick

texts:
 family name is Cavendish as they descend from the children of her second marriage), and Hardwick Hall. Origins
<mask> was the daughter of <mask> of Derbyshire by his wife Elizabeth Leeke, daughter of Thomas Leeke and Margaret Fox.Her exact birthdate is unknown, occurring in the period 1521 to 1527; that said, according to her witness statement under oath at a court hearing in October 1546, in which she gives her age at the time of her first marriage in May 1543 as being 'of tender years', i.e. less than 16, would indicate 1527. It cannot be later than 1527 because of the date of her father's death, given in his Inquisition Post Mortem. The Hardwicks had arrived in Derbyshire from Sussex by the mid-thirteenth century, and farmed land granted by Robert Savage, lord of the manor of Slingsby, on the north-east border of Derbyshire, looking over Nottinghamshire. By the mid-fifteenth century the family had risen to 'gentleman-yeoman' stock, with an estate of a few hundred acres located mainly in the parish of Ault Hucknall in the manor of Slingsby. The Hardwick coat of arms of Hardwick was probably granted c. 1450 to <mask>. The blazon is: Argent, a saltier engrailed azure on a chief of the second three cinquefoils of the first.When giving evidence of his right to arms in 1569, Bess's only brother, <mask> (1525-1580/1), provided the heralds with a pedigree of his family which began with this William, who died c. 1453. James was the last surviving legitimate male member of the <mask> family. The <mask>s were members of the minor gentry of Scarsdale; no male member of the

masks:
Elizabeth Hardwick
John Hardwick
William Hardwick
James Hardwick
Hardwick
Hardwick


title: Bess of Hardwick

texts:
 <mask> family rose above the status of esquire or held any important local or county offices. Bess was born into this relatively minor gentry family. Her fourth marriage to the earl of Shrewsbury in 1567 elevated her to the rank of 'countess', and following the earl's death in November 1590, Bess became one of the richest women in the kingdom. She set about building her greatest monument, Hardwick New Hall, which was completed in 1599. Early life
<mask> died aged about 40 leaving a widow, son (and heir), and four daughters (five daughters were alive at the time he wrote his will).His widow Elizabeth Leeke then remarried Ralph, the second son of the neighbouring Leche (or Leach) family of Chatsworth, in Derbyshire, by whom she would leave an additional three co-heiresses. Little is known of Bess's early life. She appears to have been espoused to her first husband during the 1530s, and probably married for the first time in 1543. Despite the story being often repeated, there is no contemporary evidence whatsoever to support Dugdale's later claims that she became familiar with city life and the Tudor Court after being sent to live, aged twelve, in the London household of Anne Gainsford, Lady Zouche of Codnor Castle in Derbyshire, where she was supposedly influenced by Lady Zouche. Despite a lack of evidence, it is possible – but no more than that – that at some point, perhaps after the death of her first husband, she entered the service of the Zouches at Codnor Castle in Derbyshire. A close family associate was a man named Henry Marmion whose family held land close to

masks:
Hardwick
John Hardwick


title: Bess of Hardwick

texts: their marriage.While in the care of the earl and countess, Queen Mary lived at one or another of their many houses in the Midlands: Tutbury, Wingfield Manor, Chatsworth House, and Sheffield Manor. Throughout this period, <mask> spent time as Mary's companion, working with her on embroidery and textile projects. Indeed, all Mary's work later became part of Bess's historical collection at Hardwick Hall. Bess joined Mary at Chatsworth for extended periods in 1569, 1570, and 1571, during which time they worked together on the Oxburgh Hangings. It was not until Mary was removed to another keeper, Sir Amias Paulet, that she got into the trouble that would lead ultimately to her execution. Previous to the Queen's change in custody, Shrewsbury and Bess separated for good. They had been apart, off and on, since about 1580; and even Queen Elizabeth had tried to get them to reconcile.Mary seems to have aggravated, if not created, their problems by playing them off against each other. The Countess spread rumors that her husband Shrewsbury had been in a relationship with Mary, a charge which has never been proved or disproved, and in any case which she later retracted, but seems unlikely given Shrewsbury's disposition and increasingly poor health. On his death in 1590, Bess became Dowager Countess of Shrewsbury. She lived mostly at Hardwicke, where she built the new mansion Hardwick Hall, which inspired the rhyme, "Hardwick Hall, more glass than wall", because of the number and size of its windows. She was indeed one of the greatest builders of her time at Hardwick, Chatsworth


title: Bess of Hardwick

texts:
 of England), through their great-grandmother, Margaret Tudor.Arbella was at times invited to Elizabeth's court, but spent most of her time with her grandmother. A BBC documentary showed that <mask> very much desired Arbella to become Queen, even imprisoning the young lady to prevent her from eloping. Arbella blamed her grandmother for this, and the two fell out irrevocably when Arbella attempted to run away and marry a man who, as a descendant of Henry VII, also had a claim to the throne. Bess cut Arbella from her will and begged the Queen to take her granddaughter off her hands. Arbella's royal claim was never recognized. Despite disinheriting Arbella and her eldest son (Henry: for aiding Arbella's escape); Bess later had a "lukewarm reconciliation with her granddaughter. Bess has been an ancestor of the royal line since 1952; Queen Elizabeth II being Bess's descendant through the dukes of Portland, in whose family was Elizabeth II's maternal grandmother, Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck.In 1604 Bess was involved with Queen Anne in an unsuccessful attempt to found a college or university at Ripon in Yorkshire. The scheme was promoted by Cecily Sandys, the widow of the Bishop Edwin Sandys. Death and burial

Bess of Hardwick died at 5 pm on Saturday 13 February 1608, aged 81. At the time of her death she remained "one of the richest, and most powerful women in the kingdom". On 16 February her body was placed in a vault in All Saints Church, Derby, then the parish church of that city (demolished 1723 and rebuilt, since 1927 Derby Cathedral), under an elaborate monument


title: Jacqueline Pang

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>-man, 27 August 1973) is a Hong Kong live television compère/host, interviewer, author, and has been a radio announcer and DJ on RTHK (Radio Television Hong Kong) since 1998. Pang is fluent in English and Putonghua, in addition to her native Cantonese. Personal life
Born on 27 August 1973 in Hong Kong to Fujian-ese parents of Vietnamese origin, <mask> was educated in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where her parents now reside. She has one younger sister who participated in the Miss Hong Kong Pageant of 1997. Pang also worked briefly as an airline hostess at Virgin Airways before embarking on her career in Hong Kong broadcasting. In 2000, <mask> married a businessman, but divorced him in 2006. She has one son.Pang was interviewed by local newspaper Ming Pao in Chinese about her personal feelings. Career

Radio
In 1998, Pang began working for government public-broadcaster Radio Television Hong Kong (RTHK) Radio 2, which broadcasts in Cantonese with programmes aimed at youth, entertainment and popular music. Having a brief background as a DJ in Toronto, Pang trained for six months at RTHK and became a very popular broadcast DJ and announcer. In 1999, Pang earned a main character role in the 32-episode Radio RTHK historical drama The Book and the Sword. She became noted for her vocal changes in taking on a character and was sought by dubbing studios and for commercial advertisements. Pang made appearances on RTHK's Teen Power coaching prospective DJs on how to use vocal changes to emote. Pang was asked by director Alan K.K.Yip to sing a Cantonese-version of the theme for a Korean drama.

masks:
Jacqueline Pang
Pang Ka
Pang
Pang


title: Jacqueline Pang

texts:
 "A Wrongly Secured Love" (錯落的深情) rose to the  12 position on the Cantonese Golden Songs Pop Chart in March 2003. Pang released a few records and had other Top 20 songs including "Waiting For Your Love" (等你的愛) sung with Chan Kin Chong (陳敬創). In May 2004, Pang moved from the midnight music programme Late Mother, Late Father to the long-running 06:00–10:00 weekday programme Morning Suite (replacing Candy Che Suk-Mui) and also co-hosted the Saturday 12:00–14:00 Cantonese Top 20 Pop Chart (中文歌曲龍虎榜), increasing her on-air exposure. Despite moving to television news in March 2008, <mask> maintains a presence on RTHK Radio 2. She continued to co-host Cantonese Top 20 Pop Chart until July 2009, filled-in for her Morning Suite replacement on 1 October 2008, and made numerous guest-hosting appearances on other RTHK radio programmes. In October 2009, Pang began a new Sunday afternoon radio programme Lassies and Nerds (中女宅男殺很大) with co-host Tsang Chi Ho (曾志豪), which examines the social needs of those who are single and over the age of 30 in Hong Kong.Master of ceremonies
Known as a very animated hostess for live stage and TV shows and special events, Pang also performs master of ceremonies (MC) duties at high-society private parties. Pang lectures on public speaking at the HK Productivity Council and makes appearances as a judge at the Master-of-Ceremony Competitions. Pang is noted for her hosting of the popular annual environmental programme, The Solar Project, a RTHK combined live radio-and-TV stage production, from 2001 to 2007. Her last "Let's Go" concert by RTHK was held in Hong Kong in conjunction with


title: Jacqueline Pang

texts:
 TVB. Television
Pang started in television in 2001 with segments on RTHK's education channel, ETV, including co-hosting "Education News" and "Inter-School Quiz". She co-hosted a number of televised awards shows and events, including the 21st Hong Kong Film Awards (2002), the 4th Global Chinese Music Awards (2004), benefits for Save China's Tigers (2005) and for victims of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, and Hong Kong's 2008 New Year's celebrations. She is noted for hosting the annual televised production The Solar Project.From October 2007 to February 2008, <mask> co-hosted a thrice-daily 3-minute video news segment 'Witty Banter' for PCCW's 'NOW! News' Channel 332. In March, <mask> was promoted to senior anchor for the channel's weekday morning news programme (09:30–12:30). Also in March 2008, <mask> was invited to host NOW!TV's Dim Sum TV channel current-affairs programme Talk of Fame (點心名人榜). Pang hosted many early episodes, showing her ability to research and interview a wide variety of subjects. Author, playwright and columnist
<mask>'s first book is Yi Zhong Ai Qi Duan Qing (一種愛 七段情', literally translated as 'One Kind of Love but Seven Situations'), a collection of gay and lesbian love stories. It was released on 18 July 2007 at the Hong Kong Book Fair.A second paperback titled 中女挑宅男 is a collection of short stories recounted from her popular RTHK radio programme Lassies and Nerds, published at the end of 2010. In July 2011, <mask> released another Chinese book titled 中女解毒 (or Women in Detoxification) in parallel with a stage play of the same name, in which <mask> starred. A follow-up book was

masks: Pang Pang Pang Pang Pang Pang


title: Jacqueline Pang

texts:
 released at the 2012 Hong Kong Book Fair. <mask> is a regular contributor to weekday (Hong Kong) Chinese-language newspaper AM0730. Her column, running on Tuesdays and Thursdays, is titled "Zhong Nui Wan Sui" (Happy Zhong Girls). Pang also contributed articles in English to the Local section of the free daily newspaper The Standard. These articles echoed her Chinese-language blog.The last of <mask>'s well-received short articles was printed on 25 October 2010. A 2011 interview about her personal life struggles is also in print by The Standard. Detention
On 12 January 2007, <mask> Ching was detained (with several more-prominent RTHK DJs) by Hong Kong's Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) for purportedly being involved in a fraud by a superior involving claims of reimbursement of tens of thousands of Hong Kong dollars between 2002 and 2003. Due to lack of any conclusive evidence, <mask> was released, and returned to host Morning Suite. See also
 21st Hong Kong Film Awards

References

External links
 <mask>'s Official Webpage on RTHK's site
 Jacqueline in a Biographical article from a popular HK Chinese Newspaper
 <mask>g's Chinese Biography in a Free Chinese Newspaper
 <mask>g Chinese Bio "My Wonderful World" (Pgs. 24-30 of the Book-section only) by a Popular Chinese Writer
 <mask>'s Hints & Tips on Voice Training for budding DJs. NOTE: Links that lead to RTHK's Program archives are valid for one year from the date of Broadcast, after which might be removed by RTHK.(They may be available elsewhere as .MP3s with adverts removed). Hong Kong radio personalities
1973 births
Living

masks:
Pang
Pang
Jacqueline Pang
Pang
Jacqueline Pang
Jacqueline Pan
Jacqueline Pan
Jacqueline Pang


title: Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué

texts:
<mask>, Baron Fouqué (); (12 February 1777 – 23 January 1843) was a German writer of the Romantic style. Biography
He was born at Brandenburg an der Havel, of a family of French Huguenot origin, as evidenced in his family name. His grandfather, <mask>qué, had been one of <mask>'s generals and his father was a Prussian officer. Although not originally intended for a military career, <mask>qué ultimately gave up his university studies at Halle to join the army, and he took part in the Rhine campaign of 1794. The rest of his life was devoted mainly to literary pursuits. He was introduced to August Wilhelm Schlegel, who deeply influenced him as a poet ("mich gelehret Maß und Regel | Meister August Wilhelm Schlegel") and who published Fouqué's first book, Dramatische Spiele von Pellegrin, in 1804. Marriage
Fouqué's first marriage was unhappy and soon ended in divorce.His second wife, Caroline Philippine von Briest (1773–1831), enjoyed some reputation as a novelist in her day. After her death Fouqué married a third time. Some consolation for the ebbing tide of popular favour was afforded him by the munificence of <mask> IV of Prussia, who granted him a pension which allowed him to spend his later years in comfort. He died in Berlin in 1843. For Fouqué's life see Lebensgeschichte des Baron <mask> <mask> Fouqué (only to the year 1813), Aufgezeichnet durch ihn selbst (Halle, 1840), and also the introduction to Koch's selections in the Deutsche Nationalliteratur. Literary work

Romantic

masks:
Friedrich Heinrich Karl de la Motte
Heinrich August de la Motte Fou
Frederick the Great
Friedrich de la Motte Fou
Frederick William
Friedrich de
la Motte


title: Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué

texts:
 roots

After Dramatische Spiele von Pellegrin, his second work, Romanzen vom Tal Ronceval (1805), showed more plainly his allegiance to the romantic leaders, and in the Historie vom edlen Ritter Galmy (1806) he versified a 16th-century romance of medieval chivalry. Sigurd <mask>, ein Heldenspiel in sechs Abentheuren (1808), was the first modern German dramatization of the Nibelung legend combining Icelandic sources such as the Volsunga Saga and the Middle High German Nibelungenlied.The play and its two sequels Sigurds Rache (1809) and <mask>gas Ritter (1810) were published together under the title Der Held des Nordens in 1810 ["The Hero of the North"]. The trilogy brought Fouqué to the attention of the public, and had a considerable influence on subsequent versions of the story, such as <mask>'s Nibelungen and Richard Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen. These early writings indicate the lines which Fouqué's subsequent literary activity followed; his interests were divided between medieval chivalry on the one hand and northern mythology on the other. In 1813, the year of the rising against Napoleon, he again fought with the Prussian army, and the new patriotism awakened in the German people left its mark upon his writings. Popular works

Between 1810 and 1815, Fouqué's popularity was at its height; the many romances and novels, plays and epics which he produced with extraordinary rapidity, appealed greatly to the mood of the hour. Undine appeared around 1811, the only work by which

masks:
der Schlangenter
Aslau
Friedrich Hebbel


title: Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué

texts:
 Fouqué's memory still lives today. A more comprehensive idea of his talent may, however, be obtained from the two romances Der Zauberring (1813) and Die Fahrten Thiodolfs des Isländers (1815).Later years
From 1820 onwards the quality of Fouqué's work deteriorated, partly owing to the fatal formal ease with which he wrote, and he failed to keep pace with the changes in German taste by clinging to the paraphernalia of romanticism. His rivals applied a sobriquet of "Don Quixote of Romanticism" to him. Translations
Most of Fouqué's works have been translated. <mask> Bute Smedley, for instance, translated his ballad, "The Shepherd of the Giant Mountains." The English versions of <mask>ga's Knight (by Thomas Carlyle), Sintram and his Companions and Undine have been frequently republished. Influence
<mask>'s play Der Sängerkrieg auf der Wartburg (The Song Contest on the Wartburg) is likely one of the sources for Wagner's Tannhäuser. Goethe was not impressed by it, remarking to Eckermann: "We both agreed that all his life this poet had engaged in old Germanic studies, however without being able to develop this into a culture of his own making."Robert Louis Stevenson admired <mask>'s story "The Bottle Imp" and wrote his own version (The Bottle Imp) with a Hawaiian setting. John Henry Newman and Charlotte Mary Yonge both praised Sintram and his Companions. William Morris also became an admirer of Sintram and his Companions, and it influenced
Morris' own fiction. Sintram and his Companions and

masks: Menella Aslau Fouqué Fouqué


title: Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué

texts:
 Undine are referred to in Little Women by Louisa May Alcott; the character Jo mentions wanting them for Christmas in the first chapter of the book and finally receives them in chapter 22. <mask>ga's Knight as well as Sintram and his Companions and Undine are referred to in Jo's Boys, the final book in Alcott's Little Women series, where the story of <mask>ga's Knight mirrors the character Dan and his affection for gentle Bess. Undine is the basis, along with <mask>'s Little Mermaid, for Dvořák's opera Rusalka. References

Bibliography

Ausgewählte Werke, edited by himself, in 12 vols.(Berlin, 1841)
A selection, edited by M. Koch, in Kürschner's Deutsche Nationalliteratur, vol. 146, part ii. (Stuttgart, 1893)
Undine, Sintram, etc., in innumerable reprints. *Bibliography in <mask>'s Grundriss zur Geschichte der deutschen Dichtung (2nd ed., vi. pp. 115 ff., Dresden, 1898). Undine, trans.Paul Turner. German Romantic Stories. Ed. Frank G<mask>. New York: Continuum, 1998. (The German Library, vol. 35).15–90. Fouqué und einige seiner Zeitgenossen, Arno Schmidt (Bläschke 1958; 2nd Revised Edition 1960), also in the Bargfelder Edition, Volume III/1 (1993)

External links

 Book description of The Magic Ring (1825) (Der Zauberring, 1813) at Valancourt Books

1777 births
1843 deaths
Barons of Germany
German fantasy writers
People from Brandenburg an der Havel
People from the Margraviate of Brandenburg
Romanticism
German-language poets
Prussian Army personnel of the Napoleonic

masks:
Aslau
Aslau
Hans Anderson
Karl Goedeke
. Ryder


title: Peter Laszlo Peri

texts:
<mask> (born László Weisz; 13 June 1899 – 19 January 1967) was an artist and sculptor. Name changes
László Weisz was born on 13 June 1899 in Budapest, Hungary. His family Magyarized their family name to "Péri". When he moved to Germany and became involved in Constructivism, he was known as <mask>. After he moved to England, he adopted the name "<mask>". His grandson, an artist born in 1971, also has the name <mask>. Career
Born in 1899, in Budapest into a large, proletarian Jewish family Peri became politicised at an early age.In 1919, he finished an apprenticeship as a bricklayer, and became a student at the workshops for proletariat fine arts in 1919. He was in contact with Lajos Kassák and the Activists. In 1917, he began his career as an actor at the MA Theater School, studying with János Mácsza. As part of a theatre company he went to Prague where he heard about the fall of the Republic of Councils. He studied architecture in 1919–20 in Budapest and Berlin. He lived for a short time in Paris in 1920, in the house of a socialist baker, before being forced to leave the country due to his political activities. <mask> moved to Vienna, then on to Berlin in 1921, where he created his first abstract geometric reliefs.In February 1922, he had the first of two joint exhibitions with Moholy-Nagy at Der Sturm Gallery, Berlin. In 1923, his portfolio containing twelve linocuts was published by Der Sturm Verlag with accompanying text by Alfréd Kemény. His contributions to constructivism at the time were to challenge the surface of the wall by producing irregularly shaped wall reliefs and to open up new planes,

masks:
Peter Laszlo Peri
Laszlo Péri
Peter Peri
Peter Peri
Peri


title: Peter Laszlo Peri

texts: anticipating the shaped canvas created after 1945; the discovery of concrete as a potential sculptural medium, colouring it if necessary, and the appreciation of the hard contour as a visual device, as seen in his collages and linoprints. These could be used to create a visual medium hovering between the relief and architecture; whereas Moholy-Nagy's Glasarchitektur achieved this using paint and canvas, Péri used less conventional media. At the Grosse Berliner Kunstausstellung in May 1923, between the contributions of Theo van Doesburg and El Lissitzky's ‘Proun Room’ he showed his three-piece x composition which, while it may also have been executed in paint on wood, had pretensions to be executed in concrete. <mask>, joined the German Communist Party (KPD) in 1923. His 1924, constructivist design for a Lenin tribute for the German art exhibition in Moscow, marked the end of his investigations into the non-objective.That same year <mask> began to work for the Berlin municipal architectural office and was there from 1924 to 1928. Probably motivated by a vision to put his productivist values into action, but frustrated he quit the job in 1928. In 1928, he signed the manifesto and statutes of the Association of Revolutionary Visual Artists of Germany (Assoziation Revolutionärer Bildener Künstler Deutschlands) (ARBKD) (ASSO) which, like other new and militant Communist art organisations, called for a reinvigoration of the idea of "proletarian culture" and suitably positive images of working-class life and culture. He was also a member of Die Abstrakten (The Abstracts) and Rote Gruppe (Red Group). In 1929, he

masks: Peri Peri


title: Peter Laszlo Peri

texts: returned to representational painting and sculpture. <mask> immigrated to England in 1933, after his wife Mary Macnaghten, granddaughter of social reformer Charles Booth, was arrested in possession of Communist propaganda. In 1934, <mask> contributed "several forceful works in coloured concrete" to the Artists’ International Association (AIA) exhibition The Social Scene.He made contact with John Heartfield. In England, he lived first in Ladbroke Grove, then in Hampstead; in 1938, he moved to a studio in Camden Town where he worked until 1966. While in Hampstead, <mask> joined the recently founded English section of the Artists International (later to be known as Artists International Association), an association composed largely of commercial artists and designers whose declared intention was to mobilise "the international unity of artists against Imperialist War on the Soviet Union, Fascism and Colonial oppression". In July 1938, he had a solo exhibition London Life in Concrete in an empty building at 36 Soho Square. In 1939, he became a British citizen and took the name "<mask>". In November 1948, he held a solo show Peri's People at the AIA Gallery. Late in the 1940s he did a series of commissions for the London County Council.His work was also part of the sculpture event in the art competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics. In 1951, <mask> produced a sculptural group originally titled “Sunbathing group - Horizontal”, later known as The Sunbathers for the Festival of Britain. Commissions from Stuart Mason, Director of Education for Leicestershire included Two Children Calling A Dog, Scraptoft, c. 1956; Atom

masks:
Peri
Peri
Peri
Peter Peri
Peri


title: Peter Laszlo Peri

texts:
 Boy, and Birstall, 1960. When the Herbert Art Gallery & Museum opened in 1960, <mask> was commissioned to "represent the life and activities [of Coventry] in modern terms and materials"; the work is known simply as The Coventry Sculpture. <mask> joined the Quaker faith and produced a small bronze sculpture of a Quaker Meeting, much loved by the students of Woodbrooke Study Centre, Birmingham, where it is now located. <mask> died on 19 January 1967. Major works after 1945
Source: Exhibition catalogue, 1967.Ministry of information
1946 Displaced persons. Concrete. London County Council. For Lambeth
1948 Children Playing. 1949 Footballers. 1950 Following the Leader. Festival of Britain
1951 The Sunbathers horizontal-group.Leicestershire
1955 Oadby Primary School. Three coloured reliefs. 1956 Scraptoft South Primary School. Horizontal concrete group. 1956 Scraptoft North Primary School. Folk dancing, coloured concrete relief. 1956 Earl Shilton Grammar School.Three dimensional sculpture. 1957 Wigston Secondary Modern School. The Living Christ. 1957 Castle Donington Secondary Modern School. The Boy with the Book and the Globe. Horizontal. 1958 Longslade Grammar School.The Mastery of Atom = Self-mastery. Horizontal. 1959 Loughborough College of Technology. Diagonal concrete sculpture. 1959 Hinckley College for further education. Cut out concrete relief. Warwickshire
1957 Willenhall Primary School.Three dimensional sculpture. 1958 Coventry. St. Michael Primary School. Coloured concrete relief. 1965 Ernesford Grange Junior School, Coventry. Sculpture and relief. Polyester [There is a full page illustration of

masks:
Peri
Peri
Peter Peri


title: Peter Laszlo Peri

texts:
 Ferenczy, L. Herman, K. Istokovics, M. Lehel).1933 Bloomsbury Galleries London
1936 From Constructivism to Realism Foyle Art Gallery
1937 Gordon Fraser's Gallery Cambridge
1938 London Life in Concrete Soho Square, London
1948 People by Peri A.I.A. Gallery, London
1952 Sculpture in Relation to Architecture A.A. Bedford Square, London
1953 Exhibition arranged by the Football Association sponsored by the Arts Council
1958 Pilgrim's Progress St George's Gallery, London
1960 Sculpture and Etchings Herbert Art Gallery and Museum, Coventry
1961 Trades Union's Festival Exhibition, Bethnal Green
1963 St Pancras Arts Festival
1966 It's the People who Matter Lloyd's Gallery, Wimbledon
1967 Avant-garde Osteuropa 1910–1930 Academy of Arts, Berlin
1968 <mask>i 1899–1967 Central Library Swiss Cottage, London
1970 Peri's People The Minories, Colchester
1973 Laszlo Peri. Werke 1920–1924 und das Problem des Shaped Canvas, Kölnischer Kunstverein, Cologne
1982 Laszlo Peri 1899–1967. Arbeiten in Beton, Neue Gesellschaft für Bildende Kunst, Berlin
1987 László Moholy-Nagy / Laszlo Peri, Graphisches Kabinett, Bremen
1999 László Péris konstruktivistische Werke 1920-1924, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
2008 Peter Peri Exhibition, Sam Scorer Gallery, Lincoln. References

External links
https://www.instagram.com/laszlo_peri/?hl=en
http://uk.pinterest.com/emmanuelleperi/laszlo-peter-peri/
 Permanent online exhibition at Sam Scorer Gallery
 Chris Miller's "I Love Sculpture" website containing an illustration of Peri's sculpture "Sunbathing", with male and female figures horizontal to a wall, with an audience enjoying it.


title: Reni (musician)

texts:
Alan John "<mask>" Wren (born 10 April 1964 in Manchester) is an English rock drummer and member of The Stone Roses. His laid-back style of complex, off-beat rhythms was influential in bringing about the blend of indie and dance music which formed much of the Madchester sound centred on Manchester. He is considered by many musicians, producers, and journalists to be the best drummer of his generation. During The Stone Roses, he could be easily identified by the now-iconic bucket hat. Following his departure from the band in 1995, he fronted The Rub from 1998 to 2001, who played several low-key shows but split without releasing any material. After a long industry hiatus, he re-emerged on the music scene with the reformation of The Stone Roses in October 2011. After the band's apparent final show at Hampden Park in Glasgow, Scotland, in June 2017 he has since returned to obscurity.Early career
Wren grew up in Denton with four siblings and attended Egerton Park Arts College. He taught himself drums in his youth as, due to his family situation, he was nearly always around musical instruments in a pub environment. He also plays the guitar, bass, and piano. John Robb, in his 1997 book The Stone Roses and the Resurrection of British Pop, said that Wren could "play guitar almost as well as he plays drums," However, it was his drumming abilities that made him stand out. Whilst growing up, "the local kids thought Reni was a freak because he was such an amazing drummer, a total natural. Reni didn't care. He was already jamming along to anything and anybody."Already in two bands before he joined The Stone Roses, it was perhaps friend Simon Wright's successful audition for AC/DC in 1984 which prompted him towards more serious ambitions. The Stone Roses
Wren joined the Stone Roses in May 1984 after seeing an advertisement the band had placed in Manchester's A1 Music shop on New


title: Reni (musician)

texts: high praise for the drummer in interviews conducted for the 20th anniversary. Ian Brown said "He’d have been like Gene Krupa or Buddy Rich.He'd fill the Apollo up now if he just set up his drum kit in there and played." Mani said "He was an amazing drummer. He was that good, he could do anything. He’s done gigs with one arm – and he played with one arm it was as good as two! The guy is a total genius, a proper fucking one-off you know?" He also provided an explanation for Wren's disappearance from the music scene: "I think what it is with Reni is the fact he doesn't think of it [drumming for another band] as better than he has done before." John Leckie (the band's producer on the eponymous debut album) provided an insight into Wren's drum kit and playing style: "Reni just had a collection of drumsyou can't say Reni plays a lovely drum kitevery tom, cymbal and drum is from a different kit.That's how he makes it up. He's such a great player. When I listen to him play, I just sort of think, "Fuck! No-one else plays like that!" Pete Garner: "Reni was so much better than any drummer in a little band, like another level. He’d learned his craft. Everyone else I knew in bands had started like we did and you work at it, but he was already….He’d been doing gigs when he was a kid. Those early gigs basically people would just lock onto him, it was pretty mindblowing really. Now, he’s gone down in history as the hat and the Fools Gold riff but most people have not seen Reni drum like he can drum. Later on in the band he toned it down. Those early gigs it was always him people would talk about afterwards, 'Where did you find that fucking drummer?’" John Robb: "The best drummer of his generation. I’ve never seen anyone who could play drums like that – the talk in the early days was often about <mask> – "check out the amazing drummer" hipsters would say and he always delivered. If the


title: Reni (musician)

texts:
 Zeppelin without John Bonham, or Black Sabbath minus Bill Ward, the idea of a Reni-free Roses is untenable." It added: "The man Pete Townshend once hailed as 'the most natural drummer I’ve seen since Keith Moon' has been the individual delight of the last week’s gigs. With an extra bass drum, what look like new teeth and a grin that never leaves his face, Reni has regained his youthful pomp and is playing as well as ever.His backing singing and those trademark funky grooves are powering the band with a gusto that they haven’t had in years." Once again, the band briefly toured in early 2017 with the final show playing at Glasgow in June. During the gig, singer Brown made a comment which suggested the band will not be playing any further shows. The band's biographer, John Robb, told the NME: "It’s not official 100% confirmed that they’ve stopped, but it looks like they have, doesn’t it?" Of Wren, he added: "To me, the greatest tragedy is that if they have stopped, <mask> will only have recorded a few albums in his life. I wanted a full documentation of his drumming. Those records are far more than anyone else is going to do, but I think it’s kind of sad that he’s not made a full record since Second Coming and may never do again.I'm sure he doesn't care, he's got all the money in the bank. I just don't like seeing good talent go to waste, because he's still one of the greatest drummers I’ve ever seen." In late 2019, John Squire confirmed the permanent breakup. "Reni Hats"
Wren habitually wore a bucket hat during his time with The Stone Roses. The nickname "Reni hat" for these hats is still in use, especially due to the band's 2011 reformation, particularly in the UK. References

External links
The Stone Roses' official website

1964 births
Living people
Alternative rock drummers
British alternative rock musicians
Madchester musicians
English rock drummers
Musicians from


title: Jamie Arthur

texts:
<mask> (born 17 December 1979) is a former professional boxer. Born in Scotland, <mask> moved to Wales at a young age and took up boxing. He was selected to represent Wales at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester in the men's lightweight division. After winning his opening four bouts, <mask> defeated Denis Zimba in the gold medal match to become the first Welsh fighter to win gold at the games for more than 40 years. He turned professional in 2003 and won his first nine bouts, but persistent cut injuries and two consecutive defeats led to his retirement in 2005. He returned to boxing in 2008 and won the Welsh area super-featherweight title in his second fight before progressing to an unsuccessful British title fight against Martin Lindsay. He competed in the Prizefighter series in May 2010 at super-bantamweight but was eliminated in the semi-final.In May 2010, he won the vacant Commonwealth super-bantamweight title after defeating Kris Taylor, but lost the belt in his first defence against Jason Booth. He fought Scott Quigg in 2012 but suffered a stoppage defeat. He fought once more in 2015 before retiring, ending his career with a record of 19 wins (4 by knockout) and 6 defeats. Early life and Commonwealth title
<mask> was born in Aberdeen in Scotland to Betty and <mask>. The family moved to Wales when <mask> was four years old and he grew up in Cwmbran. He took up boxing after being bullied by a group of boys who lived in his street and began attending a local gym near his school from the age of nine. After six weeks, his coach convinced him to take up the sport on a permanent basis after praising his ability; <mask> credits this praise as helping improve his confidence and communication skills.He was also a keen footballer as a child and represented Wales at schoolboy level before giving up the game to devote his time to his boxing career. He was named in the Welsh boxing squad for the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester in the lightweight division, while still working as a scaffolder. He defeated Scotland's

masks:
Jamie Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Gordon Arthur
Arthur
Arthur


title: Jamie Arthur

texts:
 Mark Hastie and Lesotho's Koloba Sehloho in the opening rounds on points before stopping Adnan Jusoh of Malaysia in the quarter-final. <mask> overcame Jusoh in two rounds after moving 15 points ahead on the judges' scorecard which results in an immediate stoppage in an amateur bout. In the semi-final, <mask> faced Botswanan Gilbert Khunwane and suffered a cut to his face that required two stoppages to wipe blood from his eyes. He went on to win the bout 31–28 on points and left the ring immediately to receive stitches for his injury. In the final, he met Zambian Denis Zimba at the Manchester Arena.Ahead of the bout, there were doubts over whether <mask> would be able to compete due to the cut he had sustained in his semi-final, but he was eventually cleared by a doctor one hour before the fight was due to start. <mask> struggled in the opening two rounds of the bout before gaining control in the third round to establish a three-point lead. He later remarked that his plan was to score as many points as he could quickly in case the referee stopped the fight due to his injury. A close final round saw <mask> retain his lead and win the gold medal, becoming the first Welshman to win Commonwealth gold in 44 years since Howard Winstone at the 1958 Games. Professional career

Early bouts and first retirement
<mask> turned professional in 2003 with promoter Frank Warren, having initially made plans to continue fighting as an amateur in order to compete at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. <mask> commented that the lack of funding provided by the Welsh Amateur Boxing Association (WABA) had influenced his decision, although this was rebutted by the organisation's chairman. Fighting out of a Penarth-based gym, he made his professional debut at lightweight in March by defeating Daniel Thorpe on a points decision over four rounds at the Braehead Arena in Glasgow.Three months later he recorded his second victory by defeating James Gorman on points despite his opponent weighing more than half a stone () heavier. <mask> won a

masks: Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur


title: Jamie Arthur

texts:
 further four bouts in the final four months of 2003 after returning to original trainer Chris Manley of the Coed Eva club after his second bout. He stopped three opponents before defeating Jus Wallie on points in December. He was due to fight Mger Mkrtchyan in February 2004 but was forced to withdraw after a cut he had sustained in his victory over Wallie, which had required 15 stitches, had been slow to heal. Instead, his next bout was a points victory over Kris Taylor in late March. In July 2004, <mask> faced a significantly more experienced opponent in former French super-bantamweight champion Frederic Bonifai. He defeated Bonifai on points and recorded a similar victory over Buster Dennis two months later.In January 2005, <mask> met Haider Ali after a four-month break due to sustaining another cut. He suffered his first professional defeat after the referee stopped the bout due to a severe cut that <mask> had sustained from a clash of heads. In a bid to stop the recurring cut issues, <mask> hoped to undergo surgery to fix the problem but was told that the operation would not be a success. <mask> returned in July 2005 working under new coach Enzo Calzaghe, but suffered a second consecutive defeat against Harry Ramogaodi after being knocked down three times despite breaking his opponents' jaw during the bout. His defeat led to him being released from his contract with Warren's promotion company. In September 2005, <mask> announced his retirement from boxing at the age of 25 due to his ongoing cut issues and  having struggled to support his family financially. He commented "the enjoyment hasn't been there for the last 18 months, so when you're not enjoying something it's time to make a change" and announced plans to become an amateur trainer.Return to boxing
<mask> opened an amateur gym in Newport in 2007 and worked as a trainer for 18 months. He announced a return fight for April 2008 against Ghanaian Mettle Ayitey. <mask> dominated the fight to record his first victory since 2004 and stated that his ultimate aim


title: Jamie Arthur

texts:
 on returning was to secure a British title. During his second fight on his return, in July of the same year, <mask> stopped Dai Davies in the second round of their bout to win the Welsh  super-featherweight title. His comeback was briefly derailed when he suffered a broken finger in training shortly afterwards and was forced to pull out of a fight against Riaz Durgahed in Bristol, but he returned in November to defeat Steve Gethin on points. He began 2009 with victories over Youssef al-Hamidi and Andrey Kostin in February and March respectively. His five-fight winning streak resulted in him facing undefeated Akaash Bhatia in an eliminator to become the number one contender for the British title.The 10-round fight finished with <mask> being named the winner by a single point and was later nominated for the British fight of the year award. <mask> secured a British featherweight title fight against unbeaten Martin Lindsay following his victory over Bhatia. As a warm-up bout for the contest, <mask> defeated Englishman Mickey Coveney on points at the Newport Centre, despite separating from trainer Eddie Avoth only eight days before the fight. Against Lindsay, <mask> lost the bout by unanimous decision after being knocked down twice and suffering a cut in the 11th round. <mask> had pledged to retire from the sport if he lost his British title fight, but in May 2010 he was offered the chance to join the Prizefighter series, a knockout tournament organised by Sky Sports consisting of three-round bouts held on the same night, at super bantamweight. He joined the competition with only 12 days notice to replace the injured Craig Lyon. He defeated Robbie Turley in his quarter-final before losing to the undefeated Ricky Owen in the semi-final.Commonwealth title and retirement
Despite his defeat, <mask> credited the Prizefighter series with inspiring him to fight again, dropping to super-bantamweight permanently. He was named as a surprise contender for the vacant Commonwealth super-bantamweight title against the undefeated Kris

masks: Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur


title: Jamie Arthur

texts:
 Taylor. <mask> was deducted two points during the bout for low blows and suffered a cut, but still went on to win a points decision to claim his first major title. His reign as champion was short-lived as he lost in his first defence to Jason Booth in February 2011 in a split decision. Despite being offered a rematch, <mask> initially chose to retire from boxing for a second time. In 2012, he came out of retirement to fight Scott Quigg for the British Super-bantamweight belt after Rendall Munroe turned down the bout. <mask> caused a surprise by knocking the unbeaten Quigg down in the fourth round, however the referee called a halt to the fight after Quigg landed several heavy body blows to <mask> in the eighth round.<mask> was upset with the stoppage, stating that the shots had caught him off balance and he was fine to continue. <mask> retired again after the bout, opening his own gym in Rhydyfelin in Pontypridd and coaching Newport-based fighter Bradley Pryce. <mask> made a brief return in 2015 to fight Antonio Horvatic at the Newport Centre. He returned again hoping to challenge for a British title and defeated Horvatic on points. He was forced to withdraw from a bout in early 2016, never fighting at a professional level again. Personal life
Alongside his boxing career, <mask> enrolled on a sports studies course through the University of Wales in 2003. His wife Karen is a horse trainer and <mask> has often trained alongside the animals when preparing for fights.After retiring from fighting, <mask> became a personal trainer. He also briefly managed fighter Kieran Gething. Professional boxing record

References

External links

Career details
<mask> Official Site
<mask> Boxer Profile
<mask> on the comeback trail

1979 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Wales
Boxers at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Wales
Commonwealth Games medallists in boxing
Lightweight boxers
People from Cwmbran
Prizefighter contestants
Sportspeople from Aberdeen
Super-bantamweight boxers
Welsh

masks:
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Jamie Arthur
Jamie Arthur
Jamie Arthur


title: Rhea Perlman

texts:
<mask> (born March 31, 1948) is an American actress. She played head-waitress Carla Tortelli in the sitcom Cheers (1982–1993). Over the course of 11 seasons, <mask> was nominated for ten Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actress – winning four times – and was nominated for a record seven Golden Globe Awards for Best Supporting Actress in a Television Series. She has also appeared in films, including Canadian Bacon (1995), Matilda (1996), The Sessions (2012), and Poms (2019). Early life and family
<mask> was born on March 31, 1948, in Coney Island, Brooklyn, to <mask>, a Polish immigrant who was a manager at a doll parts factory and Adele, a bookkeeper. She grew up in Bensonhurst in a Jewish family with additional roots in Russia. She has a sister, Heide, who is a television writer, story editor, and producer who worked on Cheers, Frasier and The Tracey Ullman Show.In the mid-1980s, their parents moved to Los Angeles, and their father became an extra on Cheers. His character became known by his real name, Phil, and he managed to get a few lines over the years as he appeared in more than 30 episodes. He created a second career as a character actor, appearing in several films and television shows, including Throw Momma from the Train, Hoffa, and Frasier. She studied drama at Hunter College in New York, earning a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1968. Career

<mask> began her acting career with a small role as an attendant in the off-off-Broadway play Dracula Sabbat, which ran from September 1970 to June 1971. In 1972, she played a bit role in the film Hot Dogs for Gauguin. That same year she appeared in Westbeth Playwrights Feminist Collective's production of Up – An Uppity Revue, along with her future husband, Danny DeVito.One of her first notable parts was a recurring role on the television show Taxi as Zena, the sweet girlfriend of Louie De Palma

masks:
Rhea Jo Perlman
Perlman
Perlman
Philip Perlman
Perlman


title: Rhea Perlman

texts: (played by DeVito). Following that, she had a role in a small play portraying a much tougher character. Producers Glen and Les Charles saw her in that play, which led to her landing the role as wisecracking barmaid Carla Tortelli on their sitcom Cheers in 1982. The series struggled with ratings in its first season, but by the time it ended in 1993, it was one of the most popular and successful shows of all time, winning 20 Emmy awards out of 95 nominations. <mask> won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy four times: in 1984, 1985, 1986 and 1989. Over her 11 seasons on Cheers, she was nominated for an Emmy every year but 1992, becoming the Cheers star to have the most wins and nominations. She was also nominated for a Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress six times, more than anyone else in that category.In 2011, CBS named Carla Tortelli as one of the greatest TV characters of all time. In 1986, <mask> starred in an episode of Steven Spielberg's Amazing Stories titled "The Wedding Ring," which also starred DeVito as her character's husband. In the 1990s, <mask> starred in several TV movies and motion pictures. In 1992, she starred in the made-for-TV-movie, To Grandmother's House We Go opposite Ashley Olsen and Mary-Kate Olsen, playing the wife of Jerry Van Dyke's character; the couple kidnapped the Olsen Twins' characters, hoping to cash in on ransom before Christmas. Other TV films in which she starred included the dramas A Place to Be Loved and In Spite of Love. <mask>'s motion picture roles included There Goes The Neighborhood (1992), Canadian Bacon (1995), Carpool (1996), Sunset Park (1996), and Matilda (1996). She had a cameo in the film 10 Items Or Less (2006), and also starred in the 2007 independent film Love Comes Lately.In 1994, <mask> voiced 9-Eye in The Timekeeper, a Circle-Vision show at the Magic Kingdom

masks: Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman


title: Rhea Perlman

texts:
 in Tomorrowland. She later starred in the 1996 sitcom Pearl as the title character and was featured on the 2001 TV drama Kate Brasher. Among her notable guest appearances was on the fourth-season premiere of Becker, which starred Cheers co-star Ted Danson. <mask> also appeared in a 2000 television film How to Marry a Billionaire: A Christmas Tale, in which she impersonated Jacqueline Kennedy. She also portrayed a therapist called Dr. Parella in the 2000 film Secret Cutting, which follows the story of a young girl named Dawn who self-injures. In 2007, <mask> appeared as Bertha in the West End of London in the comedy Boeing Boeing. In 2008, she starred in the Hallmark Channel original movie, The Christmas Choir, and appeared in Beethoven's Big Break in 2008 as Patricia Benji.In 2009, she appeared as Tanya's mother on the series Hung for Home Box Office Networks. In 2011, <mask> had a guest appearance as Mittens in one episode of Wilfred. In 2009, <mask> and her daughter Lucy DeVito starred in the off-Broadway play Love, Loss, and What I Wore, adapted by Nora and Delia Ephron, at the Westside Theatre. From 2014 to 2017, she starred in a recurring role on The Mindy Project as Danny's mother, Annette Castellano. Writing
<mask> is the author of the illustrated children's book series Otto Undercover, whose six books to date (as of the middle of May 2012) are Born to Drive, Canyon Catastrophe, Water Balloon Doom, Toxic Taffy Takeover, The Brink of Ex-stink-tion, and Brain Freeze. Personal life
 <mask> met Danny DeVito on January 17, 1971, when she went to see a friend in the single performance of the play The Shrinking Bride, which also featured DeVito. They moved in together two weeks after meeting  and married on January 28, 1982.They have three children: Lucy Chet DeVito, Grace Fan DeVito, and Jacob Daniel DeVito. <mask>, who is Jewish, and DeVito,

masks: Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman


title: Rhea Perlman

texts:
 who was raised Catholic, raised their children celebrating the major holidays of both religions but did not give their children any religious identity. <mask> told the Los Angeles Times in 1998: "We do all the holidays to keep the traditions and the culture going, but I truly don't have a great feeling about any particular organized religion, and I don't think it's right to impose one on my kids. I feel like I'm bringing them up to be good people, and that's what it's about." The family resided in Beverly Hills, California, and they owned a vacation home in Interlaken, New Jersey. Throughout their relationship, <mask> and DeVito have acted alongside each other several times, including in the TV show Taxi and the feature film Matilda. <mask> and DeVito separated in October 2012.However, in March 2013, it was reported that they had reconciled. The couple later separated again for a second time in March 2017 on amicable terms. Although the two no longer live together, <mask> said she has no intention of divorcing DeVito. In 2019, <mask> told interviewer Andy Cohen that she and DeVito have become closer friends after their separation than they were in their final years as a couple. Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

1948 births
Living people
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
Actresses from New York City
American film actresses
American television actresses
American people of Polish-Jewish descent
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
American voice actresses
Hunter College alumni
Jewish American actresses
Lafayette High School (New York City) alumni
New York (state) Democrats
Outstanding Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series Primetime Emmy Award winners
People from Coney Island
People from Monmouth County, New Jersey
People from Bensonhurst, Brooklyn
21st-century


title: Siegfried (archbishop of Bremen)

texts:
<mask> of Anhalt (c. 113224 October 1184) was born as the third son of Sophie of Winzenburg and her husband Albert the Bear, then Count of Anhalt, of the House of Ascania. In 1168 he was elected Archbishop of Bremen. Afterward he became Prince-Bishop of Brandenburg (1173–1179) as <mask> I. In 1179 he succeeded in getting it upgraded to a Prince-Archbishopric of imperial immediacy in 1180, thus becoming Prince-Archbishop of Bremen. He was a strong advocate of Ascanian clan interests. Before ascending the see
Probably before 1147 <mask> joined the  in Magdeburg as a secular canon. His father's donations of rural possessions to the monastery in 1151 are probably related to providing <mask> a princely livelihood within the monastery.<mask> appears for the first time as a witness in a document of 19 September 1154 in Halle upon Saale alongside his father and brothers. They altogether testified, that Bremen's Archbishop Hartwig, Count of Stade confirmed to have received a donation of <mask>'s paternal grandmother Eilika in Paulinzell. In 1155 <mask>, his parents, brothers and sisters attended the inauguration ceremony of the abbey of the monastery in Leitzkau. The following years he officiated as canon in Magdeburg. Historical background
The Archdiocese of Bremen and its respective incumbent was one of the players in the struggle for feudal positions. The Archbishop had no princely rank under the emperor, but held all the possessions, privileges, etc., that belonged to the See as mediate tenant, meaning a vassal of the Duchy of Saxony, where the possessions were located, with the Duke himself being a vassal of the Emperor. Hartwig of Stade, as Hartwig I Archbishop of Bremen, was the last male representative of the comital family of Stade.When he died in 1168, the County

masks: Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried


title: Siegfried (archbishop of Bremen)

texts:
 of Stade was reverted. The Bremian Chapter, which had elected Hartwig for Archbishop in expectancy for the county, claimed it would be a fief of the Bremian See. Henry the Lion of the House of Guelph, replied with a twofold claim: (1) he would be the heir, giving some obscure arguments on his relation to Stade's comital family; (2) the then Archbishop Adalbero of Bremen allegedly had promised Henry's mother Wulfhild to enfeoff her with the county, a very dubious claim. In fact Henry, then 14 years old, simply wanted to increase his realm. Therefore, Henry occupied the County of Stade with his troops. Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, Westphalia and Angria and of Bavaria, was an ambitious man, striving for more independence and rejecting the imperial overlordship. He gained strong allies through marriage with Matilda Plantagenêt, the daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine and sister of Richard Lionheart, and by way of alliance with Prince Pribislav of Mecklenburg and Duke Casimir I of Pomerania.Henry's paternal cousin Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, House of Hohenstaufen, steadily had to assert himself against his princely vassals and the Roman Catholic Church. Frederick refused to receive the rank as Emperor like a papal fief, which is why he conflicted with Pope Alexander III. <mask>'s Ascanian clan, domiciled at the middle Elbe river and then led by Albert the Bear, a maternal cousin of Henry the Lion, also strove for more power and territories to conquer westwards from Saxon and eastwards from Slavic rulers. Nevertheless, the Ascanians by far were not as successful as Henry the Lion. <mask>'s brothers held different territories conquered by their father and them:

 Otto of Anhalt, became as Otto I Margrave of Brandenburg after Albert the Bear

masks: Siegfried Siegfried


title: Siegfried (archbishop of Bremen)

texts:
 died
 Hermann of Anhalt, became Count of Weimar-Orlamünde
 <mask> of Anhalt
 Heinrich of Anhalt, canon at Magdeburg's Cathedral
 Albert of Anhalt, became Count of Ballenstedt
 Dietrich of Anhalt, became Count of Werben
 Bernhard of Anhalt, inherited the Ascanian allodially owned County of Anhalt,

The first struggle for the Bremian See
In 1168, after the death of Bremen's Archbishop Hartwig I, the Bremian cathedral chapter elected two rival Archbishops. The capitulars, opposing Henry the Lion and his claim to the County of Stade, voted for <mask>, while the Guelphic party elected Otbertus, the dean of the Chapter. Henry's loyal vassal, Gunzelin of Hagen, first Count of Schwerin, took martial actions against anti-Guelphic partisans, provoking an upheaval in Bremen.The Guelphic party won and <mask> had to flee to Oldenburg. Frederick I declared the elections null and void on the Diet (1169) in Bamberg. Anyway, Frederick I did not like <mask>'s loyalty to Pope Alexander III, with whom Frederick was quarrelling. Frederick I aligned himself with Henry the Lion, in order to ascertain his loyalty, and appointed the Bremian capitular provost Baldwin I to the see, Alexander III confirmed that. Baldwin was an aged and compliant man. Baldwin ceded the County of Stade to Henry and alienated many other archiepiscopal estates. By the end of 1168 Ascanians and Guelphs confronted in skirmishes.<mask> as prince-bishop of Brandenburg
<mask> now used to call himself Bishop Elect of Bremen. Through the influence of his friend, Wichmann of Seeburg, Archbishop of Magdeburg, in 1173 the Brandenburgian Chapter elected <mask> the new Prince-Bishop of Brandenburg, succeeding the late Wilmar. Not much is known about <mask>'s period in office. Several times he stayed with Wichmann or

masks: Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried


title: Siegfried (archbishop of Bremen)

texts:
 Alexander III. Fighting again for the Bremian See
In 1176, at the Battle of Legnano, Frederick I lost his Italian campaign, blaming it on Henry the Lion, who had refused to support him. Henry was busy extending and defending his own reign against the quarrelling clan of the Ascanians. Wichmann visited Frederick I in Italy in order to fathom in how far <mask>'s claim to the Bremian See could be enforced – e.g.in the scope of the Peace of Venice. Frederick I declared Baldwin's investiture as Archbishop and all his alienations of archiepiscopal possessions to be invalid. When in 1178 Baldwin received the official notification of his dismissal, he died. In 1179 <mask> attended the Third Council of the Lateran in Rome, while the Bremian Chapter elected another Guelphic partisan, Berthold, for Archbishop. Both Frederick I and Alexander III originally wanted to confirm this knowledgeable man in his new position. But when in 1179 Berthold arrived in Rome to gain his papal confirmation, Alexander III declared Berthold's election null and void. Inferior in warfare, many of Henry's enemies litigated him in lawsuits.Henry absented at the trials, to which he had been summoned. Thus the Diet decided to bring Henry before a judge, using military violence ( 1180-1181). Frederick I Barbarossa and his allies, many of them vassals and former supporters of Duke Henry the Lion, had defeated him. In 1180 Frederick I Barbarossa stripped Henry the Lion of his duchies. In 1182, he and his wife went into exile. In 1180, at the Diet in Gelnhausen, the attending princes and Frederick I Barbarossa decided to partition Saxony in some dozens of territories of imperial immediacy, allotting each territory to that one of his allies, who had conquered them before from Henry the Lion and his


title: Siegfried (archbishop of Bremen)

texts:
 remaining supporters. Otto I wielded his influence at the Diet.His and <mask>'s brother Bernhard, one of the most steadfast warriors against Henry the Lion, was provided with the later on so-called younger Duchy of Saxony (1180 - 1296), thus becoming Bernhard III, Duke of Saxony. In 1260, with effect from 1296 on, its later rulers split the younger Duchy into the Duchies of Saxe-Wittenberg () and Saxe-Lauenburg (), the latter belonging in religious respect to the archdiocese of Bremen. The Gelnhausen Diet (1180) confirmed <mask> as Archbishop upgraded part of the diocesan territory to form the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen of imperial immediacy. Thus the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen became one of the successor states of the old Duchy of Saxony, holding only a small part of its former territory. Since the deposed Henry the Lion had entrenched in his last Saxon stronghold, the city of Stade, Otto I and Bernhard III militarily supported their brother <mask> to de facto gain the power in all the Prince-Archbishopric. <mask> as Prince-Archbishop of Bremen
After Alexander III had deposed Berthold (later Prince-Bishop of Metz), <mask> did not lay down, but managed to get his election of 1168 confirmed in 1180. He ceded Ditmarsh, which supposed to belong to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, to his brother Bernhard.In his new position of Duke of Saxony he held the Land of Hadeln around Otterndorf, south of the river Elbe right opposite of Ditmarsh on the north bank. Adolf III of Schauenburg, Count of Holstein, at enmity with the Ascanians, had taken de facto possession of Ditmarsh. So it was up to Bernhard to regain the territory, but he failed, he could only force Adolf to accept his overlordship in Ditmarsh. In 1181, <mask> waived to further levy fees from merchants

masks: Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried Siegfried


title: Siegfried (archbishop of Bremen)

texts:
 for building ships. In the pertaining document he recognised the burghers of the city of Bremen as universitas civitas. He granted new privileges to the cities of Bremen and Stade. He participated in the foundations of the monastery in Osterholz (1182) and Heiligenrode (1180/1183; a part of today's Stuhr).In 1182, Frederick I consigned <mask> with the task to pick up the seven-year-old Princess Ingeborg, the sister of Canute VI of Denmark at the Danish court, and to escort her to her designate bridegroom Duke Frederick of Swabia, Frederick I's son. The Danish-imperial relations were difficult and therefore Canute granted his sister only a poor endowment. The marriage never materialised. <mask> continued and promoted the interior colonisation by settling wasteland and draining and diking marshes, as in Oberneuland (1181; a part of today's Bremen), Stuhr (1183), Osten and the marshes along the river Oste. In 1183, some canons of Bremen's Cathedral formed a conspiracy against <mask>, blaming him at Pope Lucius III to be a too secular clerk. The scholastic Henry of Bremen exonerated <mask>, thus he stayed in office. <mask> could win most of the diocesan clergy and Bremen's burghers through generous and pious donations.In 1184, <mask> died prematurely and was buried in a church in Bremen. See also

 Anhalt
 Archdiocese of Bremen
 House of Ascania

References

 Hahn, 'Die Söhne Albrechts des Bären 1170-1184', In: Jahresbericht über die Louisenstädtische Realschule, Berlin 1869
 May, Regesten der Erzbischöfe von Bremen, Hanover: Selbstverlag der Historischen Kommission, 1937, vol. 1

Notes

House of Ascania
12th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the Holy Roman Empire
Roman Catholic Prince-Archbishops of Bremen
12th-century births
1184 deaths
People from former German


title: William Hayden English

texts:
<mask> (August 27, 1822 – February 7, 1896) was an American politician. He served as a U.S. Representative from Indiana from 1853 to 1861 and was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1880. <mask> entered politics at a young age, becoming a part of Jesse D. Bright's conservative faction of the Indiana Democratic Party. After four years in the federal bureaucracy in Washington, from 1845, he returned to Indiana and participated in the state constitutional convention of 1850. He was elected to the Indiana House of Representatives in 1851 and served as its speaker at the age of twenty-nine. After a two-year term in the state house, <mask> represented Indiana in the federal House of Representatives for four terms from 1853 to 1861, working most notably to achieve a compromise on the admission of Kansas as a state. <mask> retired from the House in 1861, but remained involved in party affairs.In the American Civil War he was a War Democrat, supporting the Union war effort. As well as pursuing a political career, he was an author and businessman. He owned an opera house, was president of a bank, and developed many residential properties. English was successful in business, and became one of the wealthiest men in Indiana. After nearly two decades in the private sector, English returned to political life as the Democratic nominee for vice president in 1880. English and his presidential running mate, Winfield Scott Hancock, lost narrowly to their Republican opponents, James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur. Family and early career
<mask> <mask> was born August 27, 1822 in Lexington, Indiana, the only son of Elisha <mask> and his wife, Mahala (Eastin) <mask>.Both his parents were Kentucky natives from slaveholding families

masks:
William Hayden English
English
English
English
William Hayden
English
Gale English
English


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 of English and French Huguenot ancestry. They moved to southern Indiana in 1818. Elisha <mask> quickly became involved in local politics as a Democrat, serving in the state legislature as well as building a prominent business career. <mask> was educated in the local public schools, later attending Hanover College. He left college after three years and began to read law. In 1840, English was admitted to the bar at the age of eighteen and soon built a practice in his native Scott County. He started early in politics as well, attending the state Democratic convention that same year and giving speeches on behalf of the Democratic presidential candidate, Martin Van Buren.From the end of 1842, English was mentored by Lieutenant Governor Jesse D. Bright, who helped him rise within Bright's faction of the party. The following year, the Indiana House of Representatives selected English as their clerk. In 1844, he worked the campaign trail, this time in the service of presidential candidate James K. Polk. Politics and marriage
As a reward, after Polk took office in 1845, he granted English a patronage appointment as a clerk in the federal Treasury Department in Washington, D.C. English held this position for four years, during which time he met Emma Mardulia Jackson. They married in November 1847. They had two children: <mask> and Rosalind. English attended the 1848 Democratic National Convention in Baltimore, where he supported Lewis Cass, the eventual presidential nominee.With the election of the Whig Party's candidate, Zachary Taylor, to the presidency, a Whig party member replaced English at the Treasury Department. He secured a job as clerk to the United States Senate's Claims Committee through party connections; serving until 1850 in Washington.

masks:
English
William English
William Eastin


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 <mask> and his wife then returned to Indiana, where he worked as secretary to the Indiana constitutional convention. Democrats were in the majority at the convention, and their proposals were incorporated into the new law, including increasing the number of elective offices, guaranteeing a homestead exemption, and restricting voting rights to white men. Free blacks had formerly had suffrage in the state. The voters approved the new constitution by a large majority. In August 1851, English won his first election to the state House of Representatives.As it was the first meeting of the legislature under the 1851 constitution, <mask>'s knowledge of it contributed to his election as speaker of the House at the age of twenty-nine. The House had a Democratic majority and, at Bright's direction, English worked for the election of Graham N. Fitch, a member of Bright's faction of the party, to the U.S. Senate. The legislature chose a different Democrat, John Pettit, instead. Holding the office of Speaker increased <mask>'s influence throughout the state; in 1852, the Democrats chose him as their nominee for the federal House of Representatives from the newly reconfigured 2nd district. The Democrats were victorious in the election that October, sweeping all but one House seat. <mask> defeated his Whig opponent 55% – 45% and joined the 33rd Congress when it convened in Washington in 1853. <mask>'s time in Congress, much like the rest of his political career, can be seen as pragmatic.While he morally abhorred slavery, he condemned abolitionists and believed in the notion of “popular sovereignty,” which argued that the people of a state or territory should choose for themselves whether to have slavery. He explained his opinion in a speech in 1854:

"Sir, I am a

masks: English English English English English


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 native of a free State [sic], and have no love for the institution of slavery. Aside from the moral question involved, I regard it as an injury to the State where it exists….But sir, I never can forget that we are a confederacy of States, possessing equal rights, under our glorious Constitution. That if the people of Kentucky believe the institution of slavery would be conducive to their happiness, they have the same right to establish and maintain that we of Indiana have to reject it; and this doctrine is just as applicable to States hereafter to be admitted as to those already in the Union." Congress

Kansas–Nebraska Act
The House of Representatives convened for the 33rd Congress in December 1853. At that time, the simmering disagreement between the free and slave states heated up with the introduction of the Kansas–Nebraska Act, proposed by Illinois Democrat Stephen A. Douglas, which would open the Kansas and Nebraska territories to slavery, an implicit repeal of the Missouri Compromise of 1820. Intended to quiet national agitation over slavery by shifting the decision to local settlers, Douglas's proposal instead inflamed anti-slavery sentiment in the North by allowing the possibility of slavery's expansion to territories held as free soil for three decades.<mask>, a member of the Committee on Territories, thought the bill was unnecessary and disagreed with its timing; when the committee approved the bill, <mask> wrote a minority report to that effect. He was not altogether opposed to the principle of popular sovereignty, however, believing that "each organized community ought to be allowed to decide for itself". Northern Democrats divided almost evenly on the bill, but English, despite his stated reservations, was among those who voted for

masks: English English


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 it. In doing so, he said that Congress was bound to respect the decision of the territories' residents and pledged to uphold their decisions. President Franklin Pierce signed the bill into law on May 30, 1854. The Kansas–Nebraska Act was grossly unpopular across the North. The reaction ultimately killed the Whig Party, weakened northern Democrats, and brought about a new party, the Republicans.Only 3 of 42 free-state representatives were reelected after voting for it; English was one of them. <mask> was a conservative Democrat, and his southern Indiana district, while not pro-slavery, also had little sympathy for abolitionism. He was reelected again in 1856, when the Democrats regained the House majority in the 35th Congress. The Speaker, James Lawrence Orr, assigned English to the Post Office and Post Roads Committee, but the issue of Kansas claimed more of his time. English Bill

In December 1857, in an election boycotted by free-state partisans, Kansas adopted the pro-slavery Lecompton Constitution and petitioned Congress to be admitted as a slave state. President James Buchanan, a Democrat, urged that Congress take up the matter, and the Senate approved a bill to admit Kansas. The bill was defeated in the House, 112–120.English found the process by which the pro-slavery Kansans forced through their constitution inadequate, and voted against admission. Congress continued to debate the matter for months without resolution. English and Georgia Democrat Alexander H. Stephens came up with a compromise measure, later called the English Bill. The English Bill offered Kansas admission as a slave state, but only if the people endorsed that choice in a referendum. The Bill also required Kansans to renounce the unusually large grant of federal lands they


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 had requested in the Lecompton Constitution. The Kansas voters could, thus, reject Lecompton by the face-saving measure of turning down the smaller land grant. Congress passed the English Bill, and Kansans duly rejected their pro-slavery constitution by a ratio of six to one.Some of <mask>'s political allies, including Bright (now a senator), would have preferred that Kansas be admitted as a slave state, but the decision was popular enough in his district to allow English to be reelected in 1858 with a majority of 56% to 44%. Business career

English declined to run for reelection in 1860 but he gave several speeches advocating compromise and moderation in the growing North-South divide. After Abraham Lincoln's election that year, English urged Southerners not to secede. After southern secession occurred and the Civil War began, Governor Oliver P. Morton offered English command of a regiment, but he declined iI since he had no military knowledge or interests. English, however, supported Morton's (and indirectly Lincoln's) war policies and considered himself a War Democrat. English lent money to the state government to cover the expenses of outfitting the troops and served as provost marshal for the 2nd congressional district. After retiring from Congress, English spent a year at his home in Scott County before he relocated to Indianapolis, the state capital.English and ten associates (including James Lanier) organized the First National Bank of Indianapolis in 1863, the first bank in that city chartered under the new National Bank Act. He remained president of that bank until 1877, including the difficult period during the Panic of 1873, when many other banks folded. <mask>'s business interests included other industries as well. He became the


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 controlling shareholder of the Indianapolis Street Railway Company and remained in charge of the company until 1876, when he sold his shares. Having also sold his shares of the bank by 1877, English turned most of his investment capital to real estate. By 1875, he had ordered construction of 75 houses along what is now English Avenue. His wife, Emma, died two years later, in 1877. he survived her by 19 years.When he died in 1896, he owned 448 properties, most of them in Indianapolis. In 1880, English constructed English's Opera House, which, according to the 1994 Encyclopedia of Indianapolis, quickly became known as the city's finest. The building was modeled after the Grand Opera House in New York and seated 2,000 people. It opened on September 27, 1880, with a performance of Hamlet starring Lawrence Barrett. By that time, English was involved in politics once more. He turned over management of the Opera House to his son, <mask> <mask>, who was interested in the theater and had just married an actress, Annie Fox. <mask>. later added a hotel to the Opera House, and both operated until 1948.Vice-presidential candidate

After leaving the House of Representatives, English remained in touch with local politics, and served as chairman of the Indiana Democratic Party. His son had been elected to the state house in 1879, and the elder English was still consulted on political matters. Although he had not sought elected office since 1858, he had raised his national profile in 1879 through several interviews and letters to friendly newspapers. English attended the 1880 Democratic National Convention in Cincinnati as a member of the Indiana delegation, where he favored presidential candidate Thomas F. Bayard of Delaware, whom he admired for his support of

masks:
William Eastin
English
English Sr


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 the gold standard. The first ballot was inconclusive, with Bayard in second place. Major General Winfield Scott Hancock of Pennsylvania led the voting, and on the second ballot was nominated for President. The Indiana delegation held back their votes from Hancock until the crucial moment, and as a reward, the delegates unanimously selected English for the vice-presidential nomination.He was not expected to add much to the ticket outside of Indiana, but the party leaders thought his popularity in that swing state would help Hancock against James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur, the Republican nominees. The Republicans believed that the real reason for <mask>'s nomination was his willingness to use his personal fortune to finance the campaign, as Democratic campaign coffers were low. <mask> gave a brief speech accepting the nomination, then replied more formally in a letter a month later. In that letter, English called the disputes of the Civil War settled, and promised a "sound currency, of honest money", the restriction of Chinese immigration, and a "rigid economy in public expenditure". He characterized the election as one between

Hancock and the Democrats expected to carry the Solid South, which, with the disenfranchisement of black Southerners following the end of Reconstruction, was dominated electorally by white Democrats. In addition to the South, the ticket needed to add New York and a few of the Midwestern states to their total to win the election; national elections in that era were largely decided by closely divided states there. The practical differences between the parties were few, and the Republicans were reluctant to attack Hancock personally because of his heroic reputation.The one policy difference the Republicans were able to


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 exploit was a statement in the Democratic platform endorsing "a tariff for revenue only". Garfield's campaign used this statement to paint the Democrats as unsympathetic to the plight of industrial laborers, who benefited from the high protective tariff then in place. The tariff issue cut Democratic support in industrialized Northern states, which were essential in establishing a Democratic majority. The October state elections in Ohio and Indiana resulted in Republican victories there, discouraging Democrats about the federal election to come the following month. There was even some talk among party leaders of dropping English from the ticket, but <mask> convinced them that the October losses owed more to local issues, and that the Democratic ticket could still carry Indiana, if not Ohio, in November. In the end, <mask> was proven wrong: the Democrats and Hancock failed to carry any of the Midwestern states they had targeted, including Indiana. Hancock and <mask> lost the popular vote by just 7,018.The electoral vote, however, had a much larger spread: 214 for Garfield and Arthur, compared to 155 for Hancock and <mask>. Post-election career and legacy
English resumed his business career after the election. He also became more interested in local history, joining a reunion of the survivors of the 1850 state constitutional convention, which met at his opera house in 1885. He became the president of the Indiana Historical Society and wrote two volumes, which were published at his death: Conquest of the Country Northwest of the River Ohio, 1778–1783; and Life of General George Rogers Clark. He served on the Indianapolis Monument Commission in 1893, and helped to plan and finance the Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument there. He died at his home in

masks: English English English English


title: William Hayden English

texts:
 Indianapolis on February 7, 1896. English was interred in Crown Hill Cemetery with his wife, who had died in 1877.Although many of the buildings he constructed have been demolished, English, Indiana, the county seat of Crawford County, is named after him, as is English Avenue in Indianapolis. Identical statues of English stand in front of the Scott County Courthouse in Scottsburg, Indiana, and at the Crawford County Fairgrounds in English. His son <mask> served in Congress from 1884 to 1885. His grandson, <mask> Walling, the son of his daughter Rosalind, was a co-founder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. An extensive collection of English's personal and family papers is housed at the Indiana Historical Society in Indianapolis, where it is open for research. Notes

References

Citations

Sources
 Books

 Journal articles

 Thesis

 Manuscript collection

 Finding aid to the <mask> English family papers at the Indiana Historical Society

Website

External links

|-

1822 births
1896 deaths
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Indiana
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees
1880 United States vice-presidential candidates
Speakers of the Indiana House of Representatives
Members of the Indiana House of Representatives
Indiana Democrats
19th-century American politicians
Politicians from Indianapolis
American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law
Sons of the American Revolution
Writers from Indianapolis
Hanover College alumni
People from Scott County, Indiana
American people of English descent
American people of French descent
Burials at Crown

masks:
William
William English
William Hayden