title: Sun He

texts: eldest daughter, <mask>. As a result, <mask> disliked her half-brother, <mask>. On one occasion, <mask> could not attend a ceremony at the imperial ancestral temple because he was sick, so he ordered <mask> to take his place. Zhang Xiu, an uncle of <mask>'s wife Crown Princess Zhang (), lived near the imperial ancestral temple so he invited <mask> to stay at his residence during that period. <mask> sent her servants to spy on <mask> and reported to her father that <mask> was not in the imperial ancestral temple and was instead staying with his in-laws and plotting something. She also used the opportunity to slander <mask>'s mother, Lady Wang, whom she had a feud with, by telling <mask> that Lady Wang expressed glee when she heard that <mask> was sick.<mask> believed his daughter and became furious with Lady Wang. Lady Wang later died in distress. <mask> also fell out of his father's favour as a result and he became worried that his father would remove him from his position as Crown Prince. Sometime in the 240s, <mask> became embroiled in a power struggle against his fourth brother, <mask>, the Prince of Lu, who wanted to seize the position of Crown Prince from him. In fact, it was <mask> himself who sowed the seeds of the conflict between his third and fourth sons. Although <mask> had already made <mask> the Crown Prince in 242, he also treated <mask> exceptionally well. After discussing among themselves, some officials strongly urged <mask> to ensure that Confucian rules of propriety were followed and upheld.For example, <mask> should be

masks:
Sun Luban
Sun Luban
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Luban
Sun He
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Ba
Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Ba
Sun Quan
Sun He


title: Sun He

type: original

texts: accorded greater honours and privileges as compared to <mask> because he, as the Crown Prince, was in a higher position compared to the other princes. However, <mask> failed to make a clear distinction between his sons, so the power struggle intensified over time as <mask> and <mask> started vying for their father's favour and attention. Two opposing factions also emerged from among <mask>'s subjects: On one side, Lu Xun, Zhuge Ke, Gu Tan, Zhu Ju, Teng Yin, Shi Ji, Ding Mi () and Wu Can believed that <mask> was the rightful heir apparent so they supported him. On the other side, Bu Zhi, Lü Dai, Quan Cong, Lü Ju, <mask> (), Quan Ji (), Yang Zhu (), Wu An () and <mask> () supported <mask>. Quan Ji and Yang Zhu, in particular, frequently spoke ill of <mask> in front of <mask>. As the power struggle intensified, <mask> grew tired of it and told <mask> that he was worried that the power struggle would end up in a civil war like the one between Yuan Shao's sons. He wanted to end the power struggle and designate a new heir apparent, so he started taking action against some of the officials involved: Wu Can was imprisoned and executed later; Gu Tan was exiled to Jiao Province; Yang Zhu was executed and his body dumped into the river; Quan Ji, Wu An and <mask> were executed.The historian Pei Songzhi, who annotated <mask>'s biography in the Records of the Three Kingdoms, drew comparisons between the <mask>–<mask> succession struggle and other similar conflicts such as the one between Yuan Shao's sons and Liu Biao's sons. He commented that <mask> was

masks:
Sun Ba
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Ba
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Hong
Sun Qi
Sun Ba
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun Jun
Sun Qi
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Ba
Sun Quan


title: Sun He

texts: worse than Yuan Shao and Liu Biao because, unlike Yuan Shao and Liu Biao who defied traditional norms of succession and made it clear that they wanted a younger son to succeed them, <mask> created ambiguity and uncertainty when he favoured <mask> despite having already designated <mask> as his heir apparent. Pei Songzhi criticised Bu Zhi, Lü Dai and Quan Cong for supporting <mask> because he deemed <mask>'s claim to the succession as illegitimate. He also remarked that this incident had a huge negative impact on Bu Zhi in particular, because Bu Zhi had a reputation for being virtuous and generous. After carefully considering some time, <mask> ordered <mask> to be put under house arrest. When Zhu Ju, Qu Huang () and some other officials heard about it, they covered their heads in mud, tied themselves up, and came to plead with <mask> to release <mask>. When <mask> saw them, he felt angry and scolded them for creating a disturbance.Later, he had the intention of deposing <mask> and replacing him with <mask>, his youngest son. Two officials, Chen Zheng () and Chen Xiang (), wrote a memorial to <mask>, citing the historical example of Shensheng and Xiqi to warn <mask> that changing the Crown Prince could lead to a civil war in the future. Zhu Ju and Qu Huang also repeatedly pressured <mask> to pardon <mask>. <mask> got fed up with them, so he executed Chen Zheng and Chen Xiang and had Zhu Ju and Qu Huang flogged 100 times. Qu Huang was later removed from office and sent back to his home town, while Zhu Ju was demoted and later tricked by <mask>

masks:
Sun Quan
Sun Ba
Sun He
Sun Ba
Sun Ba
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Liang
Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun Hong


title: Sun He

texts:
 (), a supporter of <mask>, into committing suicide. Zhang Chun (), one of <mask>'s subordinates who also repeatedly begged <mask> to spare <mask>, was imprisoned and later executed. Sometime between September and November 250, <mask> deposed <mask> from his position as Crown Prince and relocated him to Guzhang County (故鄣縣; northwest of present-day Anji County, Zhejiang).He also forced <mask> to commit suicide. <mask>'s personal staff, numbering dozens, met different fates as some were executed while others were exiled or dismissed. Many people thought that it was a grave injustice to <mask> and his personal staff. In December 250, <mask> designated his youngest son, <mask>, as the new Crown Prince to replace <mask>. Life after being deposed
When <mask> became critically ill between 250 and 252, he regretted his decision to depose <mask> and thought of restoring <mask> as Crown Prince. However, <mask>, <mask>, <mask> () and others strongly objected to it, so he dismissed the idea. In late January or February 252, <mask> made <mask> the Prince of Nanyang (), with Changsha Commandery (長沙郡; around present-day Changsha, Hunan) as his princedom.During his journey from Guzhang County to Changsha, <mask> saw a magpie's nest on a wall. Some people interpreted this as a sign that disaster would befall <mask>, while others thought that it was an auspicious sign since <mask> had now been restored to noble status after being deposed. After <mask>'s death in May 252, his youngest son <mask> succeeded him as the new emperor, with Zhuge Ke serving as the

masks:
Sun Ba
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun Ba
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun Liang
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Luban
Sun Jun
Sun Hong
Sun Quan
Sun He
Sun He
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun Liang


title: Sun He

texts:
 regent because the emperor was still too young at the time. Zhuge Ke was a maternal uncle of <mask>'s wife, the former Crown Princess Zhang. The former crown princess sent a messenger, Chen Qian (), to the imperial capital Jianye (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu) to meet Zhuge Ke. Before Chen Qian left, Zhuge Ke told him, "Please tell her that in a matter of time, I'll make her greater than others." There were rumours that Zhuge Ke wanted to depose <mask> and put <mask> on the throne.His behaviour became even more suspicious when he floated the idea of moving the imperial capital from Jianye to Wuchang (武昌; present-day Ezhou, Hubei). In 253, after Zhuge Ke was overthrown and assassinated in a coup d'état, <mask> became the new regent for <mask>. <mask> demoted <mask> back to commoner status, had him relocated to Xindu Commandery (新都郡; around present-day Yi County, Anhui), and then sent an emissary to force <mask> to commit suicide. As <mask> bid farewell to his wife, the former Crown Princess Zhang, before taking his own life, she told him, "I'll accompany you through thick and thin; I won't continue living on my own." She followed suit after he committed suicide. <mask>'s concubine, <mask>, asked, "If we all die, who is going to raise the children?" She did not take her own life and lived on to raise <mask> (her son with <mask>) and his three younger brothers.Posthumous honours
In 264, after <mask>'s son, <mask>, became the fourth emperor of Eastern Wu, he honoured his father with the posthumous title "Emperor Wen" () and had him reburied at

masks:
Sun He
Sun Liang
Sun He
Sun Jun
Sun Liang
Sun Jun
Sun He
Sun He
Sun He
Sun He
Lady He
Sun Hao
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Hao


title: Sun He

texts: the Ming Mausoleum (), with officials and 200 households to watch over and maintain the tomb. In February or March 266, he separated nine counties from Wu Commandery and Danyang Commandery () to form a new commandery, Wuxing Commandery (), with its capital at Wucheng County (烏程縣; south of present-day Huzhou, Zhejiang). He appointed an Administrator () to govern Wuxing Commandery and put him in charge of the organising the ceremonies to honour his father every season. In August 267, <mask> heeded a suggestion from one of his officials to build a temple in the imperial capital, Jianye (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu), to honour his father. He then put Xue Xu in charge of overseeing the construction of the temple, which was named "Qing Temple" (). In January 268, he ordered Imperial Counsellor Meng Ren () and Minister of Ceremonies Yao Xin () to lead 2,000 troops to the Ming Mausoleum as part of an entourage to "escort" <mask>'s spirit from the mausoleum to the temple. When the entourage reached Jianye, <mask> kept asking the priest conducting the ceremony about the condition of his father's spirit.After the priest told him that his father looked just the same as when he was still alive, <mask> shed tears of both sadness and joy and later rewarded his subjects. <mask> also ordered the Imperial Chancellor Lu Kai to oversee the sacrificing of animals in the neighbouring villages as offerings to his father's spirit. That night, <mask>o slept outside Jianye. The following day, <mask> appeared very sad when his father's spirit was being enshrined in

masks:
Sun Hao
Sun He
Sun He
Sun Hao
Sun Hao
Sun Ha
Sun Hao


title: Sun He

texts:
 the temple. Over the subsequent days, he kept visiting the temple – three times within seven days – to pay respects to his father's spirit, and even ordered singers and dancers to entertain his father's spirit day and night. He only stopped doing so when an official told him that the entire ceremony would lose its sacredness if he performed it excessively. Family
<mask> had at least four sons – <mask> (), <mask>, <mask> () and <mask> ().<mask> was born to <mask>'s wife Crown Princess Zhang (a daughter of Zhang Cheng), while <mask> was born to <mask>'s concubine <mask>. It is not known who the mothers of <mask> and <mask> were, except that they were probably <mask>'s concubines. In 258, after <mask>'s sixth son, <mask>, replaced <mask> as the new Wu emperor, he enfeoffed <mask>'s eldest son, <mask>, as the Marquis of Wucheng () with his marquisate in Xindu Commandery (新都郡; around present-day Yi County, Anhui). <mask> also enfeoffed <mask> and <mask> as the Marquis of Qiantang () and Marquis of Yong'an () respectively, and appointed <mask> as a Cavalry Commandant (). In 264, following <mask>'s death, <mask> succeeded him as the fourth emperor of Eastern Wu. <mask>
<mask> had a reputation for being intelligent and bright, <mask> feared that he would pose a threat to him, so he found an excuse to have <mask> executed. <mask>
<mask>'s eventual fate remains unknown.He probably died early, or else <mask> might have purged him too. <mask>
In late September or October 265, <mask> moved the imperial capital from Jianye (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu)

masks:
Sun He
Sun Jun
Sun Hao
Sun De
Sun Qian
Sun Jun
Sun He
Sun Hao
Sun He
Lady He
Sun De
Sun Qian
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun Xiu
Sun Liang
Sun He
Sun Hao
Sun Xiu
Sun De
Sun Qian
Sun Jun
Sun Xiu
Sun Hao
Sun Jun
Sun Jun
Sun Hao
Sun Jun
Sun De
Sun De
Sun Hao
Sun Qian
Sun Hao


title: Sun He

texts:
 to Wuchang (武昌; present-day Ezhou, Hubei) and left Imperial Counsellor Ding Gu () and General of the Right Zhuge Jing in charge of Jianye. During this time, due to <mask>'s tyrannical and oppressive rule, one Shi Dan () from Wuxing Commandery (吳興郡; around present-day Huzhou, Zhejiang) rallied about 10,000 men and started a rebellion. The rebels took <mask> hostage and headed towards Jianye, where they intended to make <mask> the new emperor. When they were some 30 li away from Jianye, <mask> issued a decree to Ding Gu and Zhuge Jing, ordering them to submit to him. Zhuge Jing executed <mask>'s messenger. When the rebels were about nine li away from Jianye, Ding Gu and Zhuge Jing led government forces from Jianye to attack them.As the rebels did not have body armour to protect themselves, they abandoned <mask>, who was sitting in a carriage, and fled at the sight of armoured soldiers marching towards them. Ding Gu and Zhuge Jing took <mask> captive but did not dare to execute him, so they sent a messenger to Wuchang to ask <mask> what to do with him. <mask>o ordered <mask> and <mask>'s mother to be poisoned to death. <mask>'s daughter
<mask> also had a daughter who was born to Crown Princess Zhang (Zhang Cheng's daughter). She married Lu Jing, who was born to Lu Kang and another daughter of Zhang Cheng; both <mask>'s daughter and Lu Jing therefore were Zhang Cheng's maternal grandchildren. See also
 Eastern Wu family trees#<mask> (Zixiao)
 Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

Notes

References

 Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the

masks:
Sun Hao
Sun Qian
Sun Qian
Sun Qian
Sun Qian
Sun Qian
Sun Qian
Sun Hao
Sun Ha
Sun Qian
Sun Qian
Sun He
Sun He
Sun He
Sun He


title: Sun He

texts:
 Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu). Eastern Wu imperial princes
224 births
253 deaths
People from Ezhou
Suicides in China
Forced suicides of Chinese people
Executed Eastern Wu people
People executed by Eastern Wu
3rd-century executions
Family of <mask>
Heirs apparent who never acceded
Ancient people who committed


title: Dylan Groenewegen

texts:
<mask> (born 21 June 1993) is a Dutch professional road racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam . He has won four individual Tour de France stages and one team time trial stage. He has also won the Dutch National Road Race Championships, five stages of the Tour of Norway, five stages of the Tour of Britain and three stages of Paris-Nice. In 2020, Groenewegen received considerable attention for causing a serious crash at the Tour de Pologne, which put Fabio Jakobsen in hospital, for which he received a nine-month ban from racing. Early life
Groenewegen was born to a working-class family in Amsterdam. His grandfather, Ko Zieleman (1933–2021), assembled custom bike frames of which Groenewegen received his first bike at the age of seven. Zieleman owned a shop selling bike frames, a trade that his father had started in 1928, which Groenewegen's father, Gerrie, has continued.At the age of 17, Groenewegen went to a trade school in order to follow his previous three generations as a frame-builder. Career

Pre-World Tour
Groenewegen said in an interview that he had to choose between  or  to join in 2014. He chose the former as they gave him "a lot of confidence". LottoNL–Jumbo (2016–2021)
In October 2015, Groenewegen announced that he had signed with , on an initial three-year deal from 2016. 2016
In June, Groenewegen won the Dutch National Road Race Championships after outsprinting Wouter Wippert. During a review of Groenewegen's Bianchi Oltre XR4 bicycle, Simon Richardson of Global Cycling Network said he is "a very easy rider to work with" in respect to the mechanics. Groenewegen won


title: Mary Anne Mohanraj

texts:
<mask> (born July 26, 1971) is an American writer, editor, and academic of Sri Lankan birth. Background
<mask> was born in Colombo, Sri Lanka but moved to the United States at the age of two and grew up in New Britain, Connecticut. Her parents, who had originally intended to return to Sri Lanka after a few years and were still considering the possibility for the future, planned in 1983 to send 12-year-old <mask> to live with her grandparents for a summer "to reconnect" with her homeland. Just before she was to go, her father received a telegram. "Don't send her. There's trouble coming." He cancelled the trip.As she later wrote,It's called Black July in Sri Lanka. Riots erupted in Colombo, the capital city, killing thousands of Tamils, the ethnic minority group, the group to which I belong. Brutal chaos ensued – friends of mine who were there tell horrifying stories. They saw tires put around men's necks, saw them lit on fire. They saw women and children dragged from their homes, pulled from cars to be raped and killed in the street. I saw none of this, but the stories haunt my fiction. Whether I'm writing mainstream lit or fantasy or science fiction, I keep coming back to the war in Sri Lanka.I keep thinking about the life I would have had, if my parents had made different choices. If we had stayed there, and been killed in the riots. If I had gotten on that plane. If we had fled, as so many of my aunts and uncles did, and ended up as refugees in Canada or elsewhere. Instead, <mask> attended Miss Porter's School and the

masks:
Mary Anne Amirthi Mohanraj
Mohanraj
Mary Anne
Mohanraj


title: Mary Anne Mohanraj

texts:
 University of Chicago and graduated with a degree in English Literature in 1993. She holds an MFA from Mills College (1998) and a PhD in English Literature from the University of Utah (2005). She also attended the Clarion West Writing Workshop in 1997.Academic career
<mask> has taught at Salt Lake Community College, the University of Utah, and Vermont College. From September 2005 to June 2007, she was a Visiting Professor in the MFA Program at Roosevelt University. From 2007 to 2008, she was a Visiting Professor at Northwestern University, in the Center for the Writing Arts. She taught at the Clarion Workshop in July 2008. Since 2008, she has worked as in the English Department at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), first as Clinical Assistant Professor, and currently as Clinical Associate Professor. She was Associate Coordinator of Asian and Asian American Studies at UIC from 2009 to 2014. Writing
Her novel-in-stories, Bodies in Motion, received an honorable mention from the 2007 Asian American Literary Awards and was named a USA Today notable book.In 2006, <mask> received an Illinois Arts Council Fellowship in Prose. She was the co-founder and editor-in-chief for Clean Sheets, an online magazine of erotica, from 1998 to 2000. In 2000 she helped found Strange Horizons, where she was the editor-in-chief through 2003. In 2004 she founded the Speculative Literature Foundation, which she still directs, and is a founding member and Executive Director of Desilit, an organization designed to support South Asian and

masks: Mohanraj Mohanraj


title: Mary Anne Mohanraj

texts:
 diaspora writers. <mask> founded and is Executive Director of the biennial Kriti Festival, a celebration of South Asian and diaspora literature and arts, founded in 2005. As of 2013, she is Editor-in-Chief of Jaggery, "A DesiLit Arts and Literature Journal". <mask> was a host for season 12 of the Writing Excuses podcast.<mask>'s writing frequently explores issues of cultural identity. She has noted in interviews that she feels the complexity of such issues in her own life: "When people ask me what my identity is, I could say I'm Sri Lankan-American ... I could say I was raised Catholic but now I'm agnostic. I could say I've been called a queer, because although I've been with a man the past 17 years, I'm bisexual." She is also something of a sexuality activist; she founded and moderates the Internet Erotica Writers' Workshop, and was a former moderator for soc.sexuality.general. <mask> has had stories published in the Wild Cards science fiction shared universe edited by George R. R. Martin., and has announced that she will have further stories in forthcoming Wild Cards anthologies Fort Freak, Lowball, Low Chicago, Joker Moon, and Three Kings.Personal life
<mask> lives in Oak Park, Illinois, a Chicago suburb, with her husband, Kevin Whyte (a mathematician), and their children, daughter Kaviarasi Whyte (born May 18, 2007), and son Anandan Whyte (born September 24, 2009). She is self-proclaimed as polyamorous ("we have an open relationship, and I feel very lucky that I’m able to have other loves in my life"), and has a

masks: Mohanraj Mohanraj Mohanraj Mohanraj Mohanraj


title: Mary Anne Mohanraj

texts:
 relationship of over 20 years with writer-editor Jed Hartman, which Hartman acknowledges on his own website. On February 12, 2015, she announced in her blog that she had been diagnosed with breast cancer. She has been documenting the treatment (including chemotherapy and a lumpectomy) in a "Cancer Log" on her website. On February 24, 2015, she married Whyte, with whom she had had a domestic partnership for 23 years. In 2017, <mask> ran for the Oak Park library board. Democracy for America endorsed her candidacy.She was successfully elected on April 4, 2017. In April 2021, she was elected to the D200 school board, which governs Oak Park and River Forest High School. Bibliography
Fiction
 Kathryn in the City: A Choose-Your-Own-Erotic-Adventure (Melcher Media, 2003) ()
 The Classics Professor: A Choose-Your-Own-Erotic-Adventure (Melcher Media, 2003) ()
 Bodies in Motion: Stories (HarperCollins, 2005) ()
 The Stars Change (Circlet Press, 2013) ()
 Perennial: A Garden Romance (Lethe Press, 2018) ()

Mixed-genre collections
 Torn Shapes of Desire (IAM [Intangible Assets Manufacturing], 1997) ()
 Silence and the Word (Lethe Press, 2004) ()
 Without a Map [with Nnedi Okorafor] (Aqueduct Press, 2010) ()

Nonfiction
 A Taste of Serendib: A Sri Lankan Cookbook (Lethe Press, 2003) ()
 A Feast of Serendib: Recipes from Sri Lanka (2020) ()

Children's
 The Poet's Journey (Serendib Press, 2008) () [as "Amirthi Mohanraj"]

Edited books
 Aqua Erotica (Three Rivers Press, 2000) ()
 Wet: More Aqua Erotica (Three Rivers Press, 2002) ()
 The Best


title: Ryan Keberle

texts:
<mask> is an American trombone player, composer, arranger, and educator. Described by The New York Times as a "trombonist of vision and composure", he leads Ryan Keberle & Catharsis, his All Ears Orchestra, the Big Band Living Legacy Project and co-leads the international chamber jazz ensemble, Reverso. Keberle has performed with David Bowie, Maria Schneider, Wynton Marsalis, Darcy James Argue, Alicia Keys, and Sufjan Stevens, among others, and has appeared on seven Grammy Award-winning records. Keberle currently directs the jazz program at Hunter College. A "relentlessly prolific sideman", Keberle has appeared on movie soundtracks for filmmakers including Woody Allen and in the pit for Broadway musicals such as In the Heights. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Bloomington, Indiana, to Ann Winterer and <mask>. He grew up in Spokane, Washington, where his father, a trumpeter, teaches jazz studies at Whitworth University, and directs the Whitworth Jazz Ensemble.At four, Keberle was taught to play the piano by his mother, a piano teacher and church choir director, and through the Suzuki Method he learned to play the violin. In fifth grade, at the encouragement of his father, he began to play the trombone. He was inspired by the tradition of the instrument in jazz history, as well as by the horn bands Chicago, Blood, Sweat & Tears, Tower of Power, and Earth, Wind & Fire. In high school, he discovered jazz artists including John Coltrane and Dexter Gordon, and would play along with their records. Keberle continued to play the piano while focused on the trombone. He studied with David Matterne, the principal trombonist for the Spokane Symphony, and as a teenager he

masks:
Ryan Keberle
Keberle
Dan Keberle


title: Fred Kilgour

texts:
<mask> (January 6, 1914 – July 31, 2006) was an American librarian and educator known as the founding director of OCLC (Online Computer Library Center), an international computer library network and database. He was its president and executive director from 1967 to 1980. Biography
Born in Springfield, Massachusetts to Edward Francis and <mask>, <mask> earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry from Harvard College in 1935 and afterward held the position as assistant to the director of Harvard University Library. In 1940, he married Eleanor Margaret Beach, who had graduated from Mount Holyoke College and taken a job at the Harvard College Library, where they met. In 1942 to 1945, Kilgour served during World War II as a lieutenant in the U.S. Naval Reserve and was Executive Secretary and Acting Chairman of the U.S. government's Interdepartmental Committee for the Acquisition of Foreign Publications (IDC), which developed a system for obtaining publications from enemy and enemy-occupied areas. This organization of 150 persons in outposts around the world microfilmed newspapers and other printed information items and sent them back to Washington, DC.An example of the kind of intelligence gathered was the Japanese "News for Sailors" reports that listed new minefields. These reports were sent from Washington, D.C. directly to Pearl Harbor and U.S. submarines in the Western Pacific. <mask> received the Legion of Merit for his intelligence work in 1945. He worked at the United States Department of State as deputy director of the Office of Intelligence Collection and Dissemination from 1946 to 1948. In 1948, he was named Librarian of the Yale Medical Library. At Yale he was also a lecturer in the history of science and technology and published many scholarly articles on those topics. While running the Yale University Medical Library, Kilgour began publishing studies and articles on library use and effectiveness.He asked his staff to collect empirical data, such as use of books and journals by categories of borrowers to guide selection and retention of titles. He viewed the library "not merely as a depository of knowledge," but as "an

masks:
Frederick Gridley Kilgour
Lillian Piper Kilgour
Kilgour
Kilgour


title: Fred Kilgour

texts:
 instrument of education." At the dawn of library automation in the early 1970s, he was a member of the Library and Information Technology Association (LITA), an organization within the American Library Association, where he was president from 1973 to 1975. He joined the Ohio College Association in 1967 to develop OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) and led the creation of a library network that today links 72,000 institutions in 170 countries. It first amassed the catalogs of 54 academic libraries in Ohio, launching in 1971 and expanding to non-Ohio libraries in 1977. <mask> was president of OCLC from 1967 to 1980, presiding over its rapid growth from an intrastate network to an international network. In addition to creating the WorldCat database, he developed an online interlibrary loan system that libraries used to arrange nearly 10 million loans annually in 2005.Today, OCLC has a staff of 1,200 and offices in seven countries. Its mission remains the same: to further access to the world's information and reduce library costs. In 1981 <mask> stepped down from management but continued to serve on the OCLC Board of Trustees until 1995. He was a distinguished research professor emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's School of Information and Library Science. He taught there from 1990, retiring in 2004. He died in 2006 was 92 years old and had lived since 1990 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He was survived by his wife and their daughters, <mask> and <mask> of New York City, and <mask> Perdiew of North Edison, New Jersey; and two grandchildren and five great grandchildren.OCLC
Based in Dublin, Ohio, OCLC and its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain WorldCat—the OCLC Online Union Catalog, the largest OPAC in the world. Under <mask>'s leadership, the nonprofit corporation introduced a shared cataloging system in 1971 for 54 Ohio academic libraries. WorldCat contains holding records from most public and private libraries worldwide. WorldCat is available through many libraries and university computer networks. In 1971, after four years of development, OCLC introduced its online shared

masks:
Kilgour
Kilgour
Martha Kilgour
Alison Kilgour
Meredith Kilgour
Kilgour


title: Fred Kilgour

texts: cataloging system, which would achieve dramatic cost savings for libraries. For example, in the first year of system use, the Alden Library at Ohio University was able to increase the number of books it cataloged by a third, while reducing its staff by 17 positions. Word of this new idea spread on campuses across the country, starting an online revolution in libraries that continues to this day.The shared cataloging system and database that <mask> devised made it unnecessary for more than one library to originally catalog an item. Libraries would either use the cataloging information that already existed in the database, or they would put it in for other libraries to use. The shared catalog also provided information about materials in libraries in the rest of the network. For the first time, a user in one library could easily find out what was held in another library. The network quickly grew outside Ohio to all 50 states and then internationally. Because of his contributions to librarianship, OCLC and LITA, jointly sponsors an award named after <mask>. Inaugurated in 1998 and awarded annually, it highlights research on information technology with a focus on "work that "shows the promise of having a positive and substantive impact on any aspect of the publication, storage, retrieval, and dissemination of information, or the processes by which information and data are manipulated and managed."<mask> is widely recognized as one of the leading figures in 20th century librarianship for his work in using computer networks to increase access to information in libraries around the world. He was among the earliest proponents of adapting computer technology to library processes. The database that Kilgour created, now called WorldCat, is regarded as the world's largest computerized library catalog, including not only entries from large institutions such as the Library of Congress, the British Library, the Russian State Library and Singapore, but also from small public libraries, art museums and historical societies. It contains descriptions of library materials and their locations. More recently, the database provides access to the

masks:
Kilgour
Kilgour
Legacy Kilgour


title: Fred Kilgour

texts: electronic full text of articles, books as well as images and sound recordings. It spans 4,000 years of recorded knowledge. It contains more than 70 million records and one billion location listings.Every 10 seconds a library adds a new record. It is available on the World Wide Web. Inspired by Ralph H. Parker's 1936 work using punched cards for library automation, <mask> soon began experimenting in automating library procedures at the Harvard University Library, primarily with the use of punched cards for a circulation system. He also studied under George Sarton, a pioneer in the new discipline of the history of science, and began publishing scholarly papers. He also launched a project to build a collection of microfilmed foreign newspapers to help scholars have access to newspapers from abroad. This activity quickly came to the attention of government officials in Washington, D.C. In 1961, he was one of the leaders in the development of a prototype computerized library catalog system for the medical libraries at Columbia, Harvard and Yale Universities that was funded by the National Science Foundation.In 1965, <mask> was named associate librarian for research and development at Yale University. He continued to conduct experiments in library automation and to promote their potential benefits in the professional literature. In his professional writings, <mask> was one of the earliest proponents of applying computerization to librarianship. He pointed out that the explosion of research information was placing new demands on libraries to furnish information completely and rapidly. He advocated the use of the computer to eliminate human repetitive tasks from library procedures, such as catalog card production. He recognized nearly 40 years ago the potential of linking libraries in computer networks to create economies of scale and generate "network effects" that would increase the value of the network as more participants were added. OCLC has proved the feasibility of nationwide sharing of catalog-record creation and has helped libraries to maintain and to enhance the quality and speed of service while achieving cost control—and

masks: Kilgour Kilgour Kilgour


title: Fred Kilgour

texts:
 even cost reduction—in the face of severely reduced funding.This achievement may be the single greatest contribution to national networking in the United States. His work will have a lasting impact on the field of information science. The main office building on the OCLC campus is named after <mask>. The main entrance road to the OCLC campus is named Kilgour Place. OCLC created an annual award in <mask>ur Award, which is given to a researcher who has contributed to advances information science. Awards
In 1990, he was named Distinguished Research Professor of the School of Information and Library Science, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and served on the faculty until his retirement in 2004. Kilgour was the author of 205 scholarly papers.He was the founder and first editor of the journal, Information Technology and Libraries. In 1999, Oxford University Press published his book The Evolution of the Book. His other books include The Library of the Medical Institution of Yale College and its Catalogue of 1865 and The Library and Information Science CumIndex. He received numerous awards from library associations and five honorary doctorates. In 1982, the American Library Association presented him with Honorary Life Membership. The citation read:

In 1979, the American Society for Information Science and Technology gave him the Award of Merit. The citation read:

Works
 <mask><mask>: The Evolution of the Book, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998)

References

External links

 Collected Papers of <mask>. Kilgour
 Interlibrary Lending Online, article by Kilgour on work at OCLC and OCLC's contribution to automating the interlibrary loan process
 Frederick G. Kilgour Award
Tributes

 Tribute page on <mask><mask> at OCLC
 <mask>. Kilgour 1914-2006 at Scanblog

1914 births
2006 deaths
American librarians
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Harvard University librarians
Harvard College alumni
OCLC people
People from Springfield, Massachusetts
People from Chapel Hill, North Carolina
People from Columbus, Ohio
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
United States Navy officers
Yale University staff
Military

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. Kilgour
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title: Charles Hermans

texts:
<mask> (7 August 1839 – 7 December 1924) was a Belgian painter of genre scenes, portraits, landscapes and some still lifes. Through a number of his monumental genre paintings he played an important role in the recognition of Realism in Belgian art. Life
<mask> was born in Brussels in a well-off bourgeois family. He showed an interest in art from an early age. In his native city Hermans received some artistic guidance from the painter Louis Gallait. He then studied at the Saint Luc workshop in Brussels, a liberal workshop which offered an alternative to traditional academic education. Between 1858 and 1861 he stayed in Paris where he studied at the workshop of the Swiss painter <mask> at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts.Gleyre was a prominent painter who had taken over the studio of Paul Delaroche in 1843 and taught a number of younger artists who became prominent, including Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and James Abbott McNeill Whistler. From 1862 to 1867, Hermans stayed in Italy. In Rome he became fascinated with the life of the monks, which became a favorite subject of many paintings between 1866 and 1869. The theme of Catholic clergy was popular at the time as evidenced by the vogue of cardinal paintings made by artists such as the Belgian Georges Croegaert. He had an early success with his paintings of clerics. He later made several trips especially in the Mediterranean region and, in particular, Spain. Hermans joined the Société Libre des Beaux-Arts, founded in Brussels on 1 March 1868, which brought together several famous Belgian naturalist artists such as <mask> Groux, Alfred Verwee, Constantin Meunier, Louis Dubois, Félicien Rops, Constantin Meunier, Louis Artan de Saint-Martin and Théodore Baron.The members admired the work of the French Realist painter Gustave Courbet and wished to confront the prevailing Academism in contemporary Belgian art. The Realist movement in Belgium gradually gained ground as evidenced by the fact that the Realist artists Constantin Meunier and Louis Artan de Saint-Martin received prizes at the Brussels salon of 1869. The battle

masks:
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Hermans
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Charles de


title: Charles Hermans

texts:
 with the Belgian art establishment appeared to have been won when in 1875 Hermans' At dawn was accepted at the Brussels salon without opposition. <mask> participated in major international exhibitions such as the art section of the World Fair held in Paris in 1878 where he showed At dawn to general acclaim. He earned an international reputation thanks to this success. His paintings were acquired by museums, both in Belgium and abroad. Despite this early success <mask> was not able to realise the expectations.He had hoped to reiterate the reception of At dawn by creating the large, ambitious work The masked ball, which was exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1880. The impact of the work was less than that of his earlier work. Still many reproductions of it were made and the original was acquired by the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1882. Hermans died in Menton on 7 December 1924. Work
Hermans was a prolific artist who practised many genres throughout his career: history painting, genre art, portraits and landscape painting. He initially painted genre scenes of monks. He subsequently tried to elevate genre painting by treating biblical subjects as genre art.He painted a Job visited by his friends in which he depicted Job as an ordinary poor man in a Realist style. He then turned to genre scenes such as the Honeymoon showing a fashionable young couple clearly in love. He later turned to subjects with a social connotation such as the Sunday visit to the children's clinic at St. Peter's Hospital. In this composition he addressed human tragedy and suffering humanity in a moving and honest manner. The sentimentality of the subject assured the success of this composition. The crowning achievement of his genre art was the work of 1875 At dawn. It is a realistic and moralizing painting representing an encounter of an group of inebriated revellers leaving a restaurant with prostitutes on their arms in the early hours and a group of poor labourers on their way to work.The work was interpreted as a work of social criticism by contrasting the honest, simple workers with the depraved bourgeoisie. <mask>

masks: Hermans Hermans Hermans


title: Charles Hermans

texts:
 himself denied that his intention was to engage in social criticism and argued that he chose the subject because of its artistic possibilities. Hermans followed up this masterwork with other smaller genre pieces until he attempted another genre scene on a large scale, The masked ball. This work depicts one of the all-night society masked balls of the late 19th century, which were also attended by young women of the demi-monde. The composition shows a large room filled with groups of partygoers some of whom are in the shadows looking from a balcony in the background while others are active on the crowded dance floor in the front. Elegantly dressed men are joined by many women on the dance floor some in close embrace or animated conversation. Many of the men depicted were prominent personalities of the time.Hermans was able to convey with a remarkable skill the jostling and carnival madness of a night at the theater. Not achieving the expected success with this work, Hermans turned to smaller scale works often depicting charming women, which were based on the studies he had made for the Masked ball. These works are in the same vein as the society portraits of Alfred Stevens. He also painted at the sea from which he returned with fantasies of nude women bathing and Bacchantes. A new high point of this period is the composition Circe as temptress, which shows a seductive woman in a modern interior with a man passed out at a table with an overturned wine glass. This was a return to the veiled social criticism of his earlier work. In his later years he painted large decorative works and landscapes with many figures.During World War I he treated some wartime subjects such as The martyrs and the Execution of Edith Cavell by the Germans. <mask>' large-format Realist works were influential on the next generation of Belgian artists such as Eugène Laermans and Léon Frédéric. Gallery

Notes

External links

1839 births
1924 deaths
Artists from Brussels
Belgian portrait painters
Belgian genre painters
Belgian landscape painters
19th-century Belgian painters
20th-century Belgian painters
Alumni of the École des


title: Daniel Webb (footballer)

texts:
<mask> (born 2 July 1983) is an English former footballer who played as a defender and is employed as Assistant Manager at Chesterfield, having initially been appointed as First Team Coach. He previously served as Leyton Orient first-team manager in 2017. Playing career

Southend United
<mask> started his career as a trainee at Southampton but failed to break into the Saints' first team squad. In December 2000, <mask> was brought to Southend United for a fee of £10,000 by his father David, who had recently taken over as manager of Southend in September. <mask> went on to make 39 appearances for the Shrimpers between 2000 and 2002, scoring four goals, but found his first team opportunities limited after his father's resignation in October 2001, following which <mask> had two loan spells at Brighton & Hove Albion in 2001–02 and 2002–03, where he made a total 16 appearances and scored one goal against Notts County, however a permanent move failed to materialise. Hull City
In 2002 <mask> left Southend, moving to Hull City on a free transfer, where he went on to make a total of 18 appearances, scoring one goal, between 2002 and 2004. However, <mask> always had a bit-part role at Hull and was loaned out to Lincoln City in his first season at the club, where he scored once against Bristol Rovers.<mask> returned to Hull making a handful of first team starts at the beginning of the 2003–04 season, which earned him a Division Three runners-up medal. He scored his only goal for the club in a Football League Trophy tie against Scunthorpe United in November 2003. His first team opportunities became limited in the second half of the season and he was sent out to Cambridge United on an initial one-month loan. Cambridge United
<mask> impressed while on loan at

masks:
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title: Daniel Webb (footballer)

texts:
 Cambridge, securing another month's extension to his loan. In total he made 10 starts and scored one goal while on loan at the U's. In February 2004, Cambridge made the move permanent, and <mask> went on to make a further 35 appearances and scored three goals for the club. The player's time at the club was not without controversy and in August 2004, <mask> was fined by United's manager Hervé Renard for an on-the-field punch-up with teammate Luke Guttridge during a match against Shrewsbury Town.<mask> was released by Cambridge at the end of the 2004–05 season after the club's relegation from the Football League and severe financial difficulties. Yeovil Town
<mask> started the 2005–06 season with Weymouth; however, in January 2006, he moved to Yeovil Town, teaming up once again with his father who had bought into the club in December 2005. <mask>'s executive role however was brief, ending in February 2006, and his son never really subsequently broke into the first team, making only 10 appearances in 18 months at the club. In 2007, <mask> was again loaned out repeatedly with brief spells at Rushden & Diamonds and with Woking, where a strong performance in his debut against Aldershot Town, in which he scored with his first touch, brought him to the attention of Terry Brown, the then Aldershot manager, who was later to sign him for Wimbledon. Marsaxlokk
Having been released by Yeovil at the end of the 2006–07 season, <mask> moved to Malta to sign for champions Marsaxlokk under the guidance of English manager Brian Talbot. <mask> only played once for Marsaxlokk in an appearance in a Champions League qualifier against FK Sarajevo. AFC Wimbledon
Following his stint with Marsaxlokk, <mask> returned to England to sign for AFC Wimbledon on 23 July 2007, ending

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David Webb
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title: Daniel Webb (footballer)

texts:
 the club's long search for a "target man".However, <mask> failed to score regularly for the Dons and after losing his place in the starting team played only a bit-part role for much of the second half of the 2007–08 season. He was one of eight players released at the end of the campaign after being deemed surplus to requirements by Dons boss Terry Brown. Chelmsford City
On 1 July 2008, he signed a contract with Chelmsford City becoming the Claret's second pre-season signing. However was later released by Chelmsford City for not being in Jeff King's plans. Havant & Waterlooville
After being released by Chelmsford City, he signed a contract with Havant & Waterlooville in October 2008. He made three league appearances for Havant before going on trial at Salisbury City. Salisbury City
Whilst on trial, <mask> played one game and impressed manager Nick Holmes which resulted in him being signed by the club after they lost some of their first choice strikers due to financial problems.In 2009–10, <mask> was a utility player for Salisbury, playing in defence, and once filling in for James Bittner in goal, against former club AFC Wimbledon, after Bittner saw red early in the second half. For a period of time, he also partnered Tubbs up front when other forwards in the squad were sidelined by injury. Bath City
<mask> left Salisbury City for Bath City during the summer of 2010. This was as a result of the club's two league demotion. He scored his first goal for Bath in their 2–1 defeat of Crawley Town and was soon a regular in the Bath side. However, after the summer break, <mask> had trouble in breaking back into the side for the 2011–12 season and so joined his former club Salisbury City on loan on 2 November 2011. The loan move was later made

masks: Webb Webb Webb Webb Webb


title: Daniel Webb (footballer)

texts:
 permanent.Coaching career

Leyton Orient
<mask> joined Leyton Orient in 2011 as Under 14's coach. Since then he has progressed through the age groups and led the under-16s to National Category Three Cup final victory in 2014. <mask> stepped up to assist Academy Director Andy Edwards at the start of 2015–16 season with the under-18s. After Edwards was promoted to assist Kevin Nolan on a more regular basis, <mask> led Orient's youngsters to the Merit League Two title — finishing unbeaten from their 10 games. On 1 July 2016, <mask> was promoted to First Team Coach. On 29 January 2017, he was appointed manager at Orient after Andy Edwards resigned to take a role on the FA's coaching staff. On 30 March 2017, after 12 games in charge <mask> resigned as manager of Leyton Orient.On 1 July 2017, <mask> returned to Leyton Orient as Youth Team Coach. Managerial statistics

Personal life

<mask> is the son of former Chelsea player <mask>, with whom he has had a number of links throughout his playing career. References

External links

1983 births
Sportspeople from Poole
Living people
English footballers
English football managers
Association football defenders
Southampton F.C. players
Southend United F.C. players
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players
Hull City A.F.C. players
Lincoln City F.C.players
Cambridge United F.C. players
Yeovil Town F.C. players
Rushden & Diamonds F.C. players
Woking F.C. players
Marsaxlokk F.C. players
AFC Wimbledon players
Chelmsford City F.C. players
Sutton United F.C.players
Havant & Waterlooville F.C. players
Salisbury City F.C. players
Bath City F.C. players
Dover Athletic F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
Leyton Orient F.C. non-playing staff
Leyton Orient F.C. managers
English

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David Webb


title: Igor Danchenko

texts:
<mask> (born May 5, 1978) is a Russian citizen and U.S. resident currently residing in Virginia who works as a Eurasia political risk, defense and economics analyst. Together with Clifford Gaddy he analyzed Vladimir Putin's 1996 university dissertation and presented examples of plagiarism. In July 2020, <mask> was revealed to have worked for Christopher Steele's Orbis Business Intelligence as a source for the 2016 Steele dossier. In November 2021, he was arrested and indicted for lying to the FBI. Education
<mask> grew up in Perm Oblast, Russia. In 1996, <mask> graduated from Specialized English Language School 7 in Perm, Russia. <mask> graduated from the Law Faculty of Perm State University and the Department of Political Science at the University of Louisville in Kentucky, United States.While working at the Brookings Institution, <mask> earned a master's degree from Georgetown University. From 2006 to 2009 he attended the CERES (Center for Eurasian, Russian and East European Studies) program at the Walsh School of Foreign Service there. Career
Early in his career, <mask> worked at Lukoil subsidiary Permtex in Perm and at UralSubSoetStroy in Iran. Between 1999 and 2005, he was a facilitator for the Open World Russian Leadership Program, US Library of Congress and a leader for senior Russian federal and regional delegations to the US. From 2003 to 2005, <mask> worked as a graduate teaching assistant at the University of Louisville. <mask> worked at the Brookings Institution from 2005 to 2010. While there, <mask> worked closely with Fiona Hill.In 2010, <mask>, Hill and Erica Downs co-authored a paper called "One Step Forward, Two Steps Back? The Realities of a Rising China and Implications for Russia’s Energy Ambitions". Hill introduced <mask> to Christopher Steele and to

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title: Igor Danchenko

texts:
 U.S.-based public-relations executive Charles Dolan Jr., who would later become one of <mask>'s sources for the Steele dossier. Since 2010, <mask> has been an analyst on political risk and business intelligence, managing projects on Russia and Eurasia. <mask> has been quoted by media outlets on topics ranging from energy politics to defense matters. Putin plagiarism accusations
<mask> first made the news alongside his Brookings Institution colleague, Cliff Gaddy, when they obtained a copy of the previously inaccessible 218-page dissertation of Vladimir Putin entitled The Strategic Planning of Regional Resources Under the Formation of Market Relations, which he defended at the St. Petersburg Mining Institute in 1996. <mask> and Gaddy revealed their findings on March 30, 2006, at a Brookings Institution event, where they discussed the dissertation's relevance to Putin's views on governance and the economy.They also presented evidence of extensive plagiarism in the dissertation, including a translation of a 1978 textbook. The Russian dissertation committee disputed their accusations. Early FBI investigation and contact with Russian intelligence officers
In May 2009, the FBI opened a preliminary investigation into <mask> after he had reportedly told two associates from the Brookings Institution that he knew of a way they could "make a little extra money” if they were able to "get a job in the government and had access to classified information.” The investigation was upgraded from preliminary to full once further information revealed that <mask> had prior contacts with Russian intelligence officers in 2005 and 2006. The FBI's investigation into <mask> was closed in March 2011. Connection to Christopher Steele and indictment
Beginning in March 2016, <mask> was tasked by

masks: Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko


title: Igor Danchenko

texts: Christopher Steele to investigate Paul Manafort, as well as Donald Trump, Sergei Ivanov, Carter Page, and Michael Cohen. Some parts of the information contributed by <mask> became part of the FBI's foreign intelligence surveillance warrants on Carter Page. One of <mask>'s primary sources for information about the alleged collusion between the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign and the Russian government was allegedly Olga Galkina, a Russian public-relations executive and former parliamentary correspondent for RIA Novosti.Galkina, a longtime friend of <mask>, has denied being one of his sources. Other information was alleged to have come from Charles Dolan Jr., who was "a longtime participant in Democratic Party politics". In January 2017, shortly after BuzzFeed News published the Steele dossier, <mask> was contacted by the FBI for an interview. About a week and a half later, in exchange for legal immunity, he agreed to answer questions about his working relationship with Steele, as well as his opinion on the accuracy of the Steele dossier. The FBI found that <mask> was "truthful and cooperative", but the FBI's Supervisory Intel Analyst said that "it was his impression that the Primary Sub-source may not have been 'completely truthful' and may have been minimizing certain aspects of what he/she told Steele". He also "believed that there were instances where the Primary Sub-source was 'minimizing' certain facts but did not believe that he/she was 'completely fabricating' events". He added that he "did not know whether he could support a 'blanket statement' that the Primary Sub-source had been truthful".In July 2020, the Senate Judiciary Committee released a 59-page summary of the FBI's interview with <mask>, where he was referred to anonymously as the "Primary

masks: Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko


title: Igor Danchenko

texts:
 Subsource" for the Steele Dossier. Shortly after the release of the summary, online sleuths identified the "Primary Subsource" as <mask>. In December 2020, Special Counsel John Durham subpoenaed the Brookings Institution for <mask>'s personnel files. In November 2021, <mask> was arrested in connection with the John Durham investigation and was charged with five counts of making false statements to the FBI on five different occasions (between March 2017 and November 2017) regarding the sources of material he provided for the Steele dossier. This includes <mask> having allegedly obscured his relationship with Charles Dolan Jr. and having allegedly fabricated contacts with Sergei Millian. <mask> has pleaded "not guilty" to all charges. Right-wing columnist and attorney Andrew C. McCarthy reacted to what he described as the "if not irrational, then exaggerated" reactions by Trump supporters to these reports of arrests.He urged them to be cautious as John Durham's "indictments narrowly allege that the defendants lied to the FBI only about the identity or status of people from whom they were getting information, not about the information itself. References

1978 births
Living people
People from Perm, Russia
Perm State University alumni
Russian expatriates in the United States
University of Louisville alumni
Walsh School of Foreign Service

masks: Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko Danchenko


title: Anders Osborne

texts:
<mask> (born May 4, 1966 in Uddevalla, Sweden) is an American singer-songwriter. He tours solo and with a band, and often plays in North Mississippi Osborne (N.M.O), a group formed by <mask> and North Mississippi Allstars. Early life
As a teen, <mask> started playing guitar and listening to Bob Dylan, Neil Young, Jackson Browne, and Joni Mitchell records. He was influenced by the vocal styles of Ray Charles, Van Morrison and Lowell George, Robert Johnson and recordings of African drumming. "Blues connected everything together for me," <mask> recalls. "The early rock, the R&B, the jazz, the singer-songwriters. Blues was like a thread running through everything."He began playing in Open D tuning, which gives his fretwork a signature sound and feel. "I first heard Open D on Joni Mitchell's Blue," he says, "and my fingers just fit the tuning." Okeh records

<mask> and his band toured the U.S. during these years and in 1995, he was signed to Okeh Records. He released Which Way to Here, an album that dealt with spirituality and tolerance. The record became <mask>'s first commercial break with two top-five singles  "Favorite Son" and "Pleasin' You." Both were featured in several Hollywood movies, and the latter was later recorded by Jonny Lang. Shanachie Entertainment
Shanachie Entertainment signed <mask> in 1998 and, in 1999, released his fourth album, Living Room, a personal record that signified some new directions in <mask>'s music after the breakup with his longtime accompanist <mask>, drug use, and a family death.This album also features guest appearances by Keb' Mo', Kirk Joseph and Tommy Malone. Besides writing for his own album, <mask> has had a number of his songs successfully recorded by other artists. Keb' Mo's 1999 Grammy Award winning album Slow

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title: Anders Osborne

texts:
 Down, featured two songs co-written with <mask>. After his Shanachie recordings, <mask> worked as a professional songwriter in New Orleans and then in Nashville, first for PolyGram and then its successor Universal Music. His song, "Watch the Wind Blow By," was recorded by the country musician Tim McGraw, hitting No. 1 on the country charts for two weeks and selling over three million albums. More recently, he has co-written with Tab Benoit, Mike Zito and Johnny Sansone, for whom he's also served as producer.M.C. Records

Returning to New Orleans from Nashville, he recorded Coming Down (2007), a stripped-down semi-acoustic album which was released on the M.C. label and was nominated for the 8th Annual Independent Music Awards Folk/Singer-Songwriter Album of the Year. Alligator records
In 2009, <mask> recorded a new, full band album co-produced by <mask>, Galactic’s Stanton Moore and Pepper Keenan. All songs on the album were written or co-written by <mask>. The album was picked up by Chicago-based Alligator Records, who signed <mask> and released the new recording in 2010 under the title American Patchwork. New Orleans’ OffBeat magazine praised the album, saying, "American Patchwork is the album <mask> fans have been waiting for.The record is a focused and tuneful triumph. <mask>'s gifts as a guitar player are significant. His voice is so emotionally intense it feels like an explosion. He writes with remarkable eloquence...this is the living definition of great art." Relix described the album as "raging, expressive guitar and soulful singing...from scorched-earth rock to sweet, tender ballads." Since the release of American Patchwork, <mask> has toured virtually non-stop, performing with his own band, solo with Keb Mo, with The Stanton Moore Trio, with

masks: Osborne Osborne Osborne Osborne Osborne Osborne Osborne Osborne Osborne


title: Anders Osborne

texts: Toots and the Maytals, alongside Karl Denson’s Tiny Universe and with Luther Dickinson as well as with The Voice of the Wetlands All-Stars. He appeared on Galactic’s song "Dark Water" from their Ya Ka Ma album, and in 2011 produced and played on critically acclaimed albums by Tab Benoit, Johnny Sansone and Mike Zito.In 2012, he played on and acted as associate producer of Billy Iuso’s Naked album. Along the way, he also found time to write and record Black Eye Galaxy, released in 2012. Recorded at Dockside Studio in Maurice, Louisiana, the album was produced by <mask> along with engineer Warren Riker and Galactic's Stanton Moore. It's sounds range from heavy electric mayhem to acoustic melodicism. Blurt Magazine said, "Black Eye Galaxy is a work of art – a throwback to the days before corporations completely controlled and corrupted media and culture. It is the struggle of a man to survive addiction and find some peace and redemption. Great art is not afraid to say something and take big risks.And on each work he does, <mask> grows as an artist. We are lucky to get a chance to witness this. The blues is about hard truth and healing. And to the extent he covers both; you could say he is a blues guy. Kudos must go to Alligator Records – a great if not our greatest-blues label – for letting <mask> follow his vision, inspire us with his story and dazzle us with his craft. Black Eye Galaxy is a great album." In late 2012, he was back in the studio recording a six-song EP entitled Three Free Amigos, which was released by Alligator early in 2013.The EP, produced by <mask> and Warren Riker, focused more on <mask>'s melodic, acoustic side. Players included <mask>'s touring band of bassist Carl Dufresne and drummer Eric Bolivar, plus guitarist Billy Iuso and

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title: Anders Osborne

texts:
 multi-instrumentalist Johnny Sansone, <mask> himself played guitar, bass, keyboards and drums on various tracks. It was described by Relix as "rugged, soulful singing superb hard-hitting songs...A phenomenal blend of self-awareness, spirit and muscle." <mask> continues to tour almost constantly, both with his own band and in combination with other artists. He's appeared multiple times at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival as well as at Bonnaroo Music Festival, The High Sierra Festival, The Telluride Blues & Brews Festival, The Hollowbaloo Music & Arts Festival in Honolulu, the Hangout Festival, WYEP Summer Music Fest, Central Park SummerStage, Miami Valley Music fest, as well as playing with Phil Lesh and others at Terrapin Crossroads. In 2015, <mask> was included in the all-star cast headed by Derek Trucks and Susan Tedeschi of Tedeschi Trucks Band in a memorial concert to honor Joe Cocker Mad Dogs & Englishmen at the Lockn' Festival. His album, Peace, was released on October 8, 2013.<mask> was quoted as saying, "Peace is light from darkness. The songs are written from the outside looking in. They are not making any judgments. I'm just stating facts. I'm writing from a brighter perspective. There's less dusk and dark, and much more sunlight. The results are greater than I expected.The driving tones and sounds are free and natural. This is one of the coolest records I’ve ever made." Back on Dumaine records
In fall of 2014 and March 2015, <mask> recorded album Spacedust & Ocean Views in New Orleans; it was released on March 18, 2016. His next album, Flower Box, was released on July 22, 2016. <mask>' third offering on the label the award winning Buddha and the Blues came out in 2019. Discography

Albums

1989: Doin' Fine (Rabadash)
1993: Break

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title: Anders Osborne

texts:
 The Chain (Rabadash)
1995: Which Way to Here (Okeh)
1996: Break the Chain (Shanachie)
1998: Live at Tipitina's (Shanachie)
1999: Living Room (Shanachie)
2001: Ash Wednesday Blues (Shanachie)
2002: Bury the Hatchet (Shanachie) with Big Chief Monk
2007: Coming Down (M.C. Records)
2010: American Patchwork (Alligator Records)
2012: Black Eye Galaxy (Alligator Records)
2013: Peace (Alligator Records)
2016: Spacedust & Ocean Views (Back on Dumaine Records)
2016: Flower Box (Back on Dumaine Records)
2019: Buddha & The Blues (Back on Dumaine Records)
2021: Orpheus and the Mermaids (5th Ward Records)

Live albums
2006" Live at Tippitinas"  (MunckMix, Inc. )
2011: Live at 2011 New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival (MunckMix, Inc.)

EPs

2013: Three Free Amigos EP (Alligator Records)

Singles

2017: "Liquor Drought" (Back on Dumaine Records)

North Mississippi Allstars and Anders Osborne

Freedom & Dreams (NMO Records)

Awards

Best of the Beat Awards
Offbeat's Best of the Beat Awards pay tribute each year to musicians who are voted best in a variety of musical categories and genres.The Big Easy Music Awards
The Big Easy Music Awards recognize top male and female performers, the best album of the year and winners in 15 music categories, including blues, jazz, Cajun, zydeco, rock and others. References

External links

 About <mask>
 Biography at Alligator Records
 Gambit Weekly: <mask> is the Big Easy Music Awards Entertainer of the Year (30 April 13)
 Living Room review by George Graham
 <mask>: A direct language, a beautiful mystery Feature interview from HonestTune.com
 Feature interview with Ira Haberman, The Sound Podcast

1966 births
Living people
People from Uddevalla Municipality
Songwriters from Louisiana
Swedish singer-songwriters
Swedish male

masks:
Anders Osborne
Anders Osborne
Anders Osborne


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts:
<mask> (; ; 14 November 1907 – 28 January 2002) was a Swedish writer of fiction and screenplays. She is best known for several children's book series, featuring Pippi Longstocking, Emil of Lönneberga, Karlsson-on-the-Roof, and the Six Bullerby Children (Children of Noisy Village in the US), and for the children's fantasy novels Mio, My Son, Ronia the Robber's Daughter, and The Brothers Lionheart. Lindgren worked on the Children's Literature Editorial Board at the Rabén & Sjögren publishing house in Stockholm and wrote more than 30 books for children. In January 2017, she was calculated to be the world's 18th most translated author, and the fourth most translated children's writer after Enid Blyton, Hans Christian Andersen and the Brothers Grimm. Lindgren has so far sold roughly 165 million books worldwide. In 1994, she was awarded the Right Livelihood Award for "her unique authorship dedicated to the rights of children and respect for their individuality." Biography

<mask> grew up in Näs, near Vimmerby, Småland, Sweden, and many of her books are based on her family and childhood memories.Lindgren was the daughter of Samuel August Ericsson (1875–1969) and Hanna Jonsson (1879–1961). She had two sisters,  and , and a brother, , who eventually became a member of the Swedish parliament. Upon finishing school, Lindgren took a job with a local newspaper in Vimmerby. She had a relationship with the chief editor, who was married but eventually proposed marriage in 1926 after she became pregnant. She declined and moved to the capital city of Stockholm, learning to become a typist and stenographer (she would later write most

masks:
Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren
Astrid Lindgren


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts:
 of her drafts in stenography). In due time, she gave birth to her son, Lars, in Copenhagen and left him in the care of a foster family. Although poorly paid, she saved whatever she could and traveled as often as possible to Copenhagen to be with Lars, often just over a weekend, spending most of her time on the train back and forth.Eventually, she managed to bring Lars home, leaving him in the care of her parents until she could afford to raise him in Stockholm. Since 1928 <mask> worked as secretary at the Royal Automobile Club (Kungliga Automobil Klubben) and by 1931 she married her boss, Sture <mask> (1898–1952), who left his wife for her. Three years later, in 1934, <mask> gave birth to her second child, Karin, who would become a translator. The character Pippi Longstocking was invented to amuse her daughter while she was ill in bed. Lindgren later related that Karin had suddenly said to her, "Tell me a story about Pippi Longstocking," and the tale was created in response to that request. The family moved in 1941 to an apartment on Dalagatan, with a view over Vasaparken, where <mask> remained until her death on 28 January 2002 at the age of 94, having become blind. <mask> <mask> died in her home in central Stockholm.Her funeral took place in the Storkyrkan in Gamla stan. Among those attending were King Carl XVI Gustaf with Queen Silvia and others of the royal family, and Prime Minister Göran Persson. The ceremony was described as "the closest you can get to a state funeral." Career
<mask> worked as a journalist and secretary before becoming a full-time author. She served as a secretary for the 1933 Swedish Summer

masks: Lindgren Lindgren Lindgren Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Lindgren


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts: Grand Prix. In the early 1940s, she worked as a secretary for criminalist Harry Söderman; this experience has been cited as an inspiration for her fictional detective Bill Bergson. In 1944 <mask> won second prize in a competition held by Rabén & Sjögren, with the novel Britt-Marie lättar sitt hjärta (Britt-Marie Unburdens Her Heart).A year later she won first prize in the same competition with the chapter book Pippi Långstrump (Pippi Longstocking), which had been rejected by Bonniers. (Rabén & Sjögren published it with illustrations by Ingrid Vang Nyman, the latter's debut in Sweden.) Since then it has become one of the most beloved children's books in the world and has been translated into 60 languages. While <mask> almost immediately became a much appreciated writer, the irreverent attitude towards adult authority that is a distinguishing characteristic of many of her characters has occasionally drawn the ire of some conservatives. The women's magazine Damernas Värld sent <mask> to the United States in 1948 to write short essays. Upon arrival she is said to have been upset by the discrimination against black Americans. A few years later she published the book Kati in America, a collection of short essays inspired by the trip.In 1956, the inaugural year of the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis, the German-language edition of Mio, min Mio (Mio, My Son) won the Children's book award. (Sixteen books written by <mask> <mask> made the Children's Book and Picture Book longlist, 1956–1975, but only Mio, My Son won a prize in its category.) In 1958 <mask> received the second Hans Christian Andersen Medal for Rasmus på luffen

masks: Lindgren Lindgren Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Lindgren


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts:
 (Rasmus and the Vagabond), a 1956 novel developed from her screenplay and filmed in 1955. The biennial International Board on Books for Young People, now considered the highest lifetime recognition available to creators of children's books, soon came to be called the Little Nobel Prize. Prior to 1962 the Board cited a single book published during the preceding two years. On her 90th birthday, she was pronounced International Swede of the Year 1997 by Swedes in the World (SVIV), an association for Swedes living abroad. In its entry on Scandinavian fantasy, The Encyclopedia of Fantasy named <mask> the foremost Swedish contributor to modern children's fantasy.Its entry on <mask> was: "Her niche in children's fantasy remains both secure and exalted. Her stories and images can never be forgotten." Translations
By 2012 <mask> <mask>'s books had been translated into 95 different languages and language variants. Further, the first chapter of Ronja the Robber's Daughter has been translated into Latin. Up until 1997 a total of 3,000 editions of her books had been issued internationally, and globally her books had sold a total of 165 million copies. Many of her books have been translated into English by the translator Joan Tate. Politics

In 1976 a scandal arose in Sweden when it was publicised that <mask>'s marginal tax rate had risen to 102 percent.This was to be known as the "Pomperipossa effect", from a story she published in Expressen on 3 March 1976, entitled Pomperipossa in Monismania, attacking the government and its taxation policies. It was a satirical allegory in response to the marginal tax rate Lindgren had

masks: Lindgren Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Lindgren


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts: incurred in 1976, which required self-employed individuals to pay both regular income tax and employers' deductions. In a stormy tax debate, she attracted criticism from Social Democrats and even from her own colleagues, and responded by raising the issue of the lack of women involved in the Social Democrats' campaign. In that year's general election, the Social Democratic government was voted out for the first time in 44 years, and the <mask> tax debate was one of several controversies that may have contributed to the result. Another controversy involved Ingmar Bergman's farewell letter to Sweden, after charges had been made against him of tax evasion. <mask> nevertheless remained a Social Democrat for the rest of her life. In 1978, when she received the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade, <mask> made a speech, Never Violence!.She spoke against corporal punishment of children. After that she teamed up with scientists, journalists and politicians to achieve non-violent upbringing. In 1979, a law was introduced in Sweden prohibiting violence against children. Until then there was no such law anywhere in the world. From 1985 to 1989 <mask> wrote articles concerning animal protection and mass production in the Swedish magazines Expressen and Dagens Nyheter along with the veterinarian Kristina Forslund. They wanted to launch an awareness campaign to promote better animal treatment in factory farming. Eventually their activities led to a new law which was called Lex Lindgren and was presented to <mask> <mask> during her 80th birthday.During that time it was the strictest law concerning animal welfare in the world.

masks: Lindgren Lindgren Lindgren Lindgren Astrid Lindgren


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts:
 However, <mask> and Forslund weren't satisfied with it. Not enough had been done and only minor changes occurred. The articles Forslund and <mask> wrote were later published in the book Min ko vill ha roligt. <mask> was well known both for her support for children's and animal rights and for her opposition to corporal punishment and the EU. In 1994 she received the Right Livelihood Award, "For her commitment to justice, non-violence and understanding of minorities as well as her love and caring for nature." Honors and memorials

In 1967 the publisher Rabén & Sjögren established an annual literary prize, the Astrid Lindgren Prize, to mark her 60th birthday.The prize—40,000 Swedish kronor—is awarded to a Swedish-language children's writer every year on <mask>'s birthday in November. Following <mask>d Lindgren Memorial Award in her memory. The award is the world's largest monetary award for children's and youth literature, in the amount of five million Swedish kronor. The collection of <mask> <mask>'s original manuscripts in Kungliga Biblioteket in Stockholm (the Royal Library) was placed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2005. On 6 April 2011 Sweden's central bank Sveriges Riksbank announced that <mask>'s portrait will feature on the 20 kronor banknote, beginning in 2014–15. In the run-up to the announcement of the persons who would feature on the new banknotes, Lindgren's name had been the one most often put forward in the public debate. Asteroid Lindgren
Asteroid 3204 Lindgren, discovered in 1978 by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Chernykh, was named after her.The name of the Swedish microsatellite Astrid 1,

masks: Lindgren Lindgren Lindgren Lindgren Lindgrentri Astrid Lindgren Lindgren


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts:
 launched on 24 January 1995, was originally selected only as a common Swedish female name, but within a short time it was decided to name the instruments after characters in Astrid <mask>'s books: PIPPI (Prelude in Planetary Particle Imaging), EMIL (Electron Measurements – In-situ and Lightweight), and MIO (Miniature Imaging Optics). Astrid's Wellspring

In memory of <mask> <mask>, a memorial sculpture was created next to her childhood home, named Källa Astrid ("Astrid's Wellspring" in English). It is situated at the spot where <mask> <mask> first heard fairy tales. The sculpture consists of an artistic representation of a young person's head (1.37 m high), flattened on top, in the corner of a square pond, and, just above the water, a ring of rosehip thorn (with a single rosehip bud attached to it). The sculpture was initially slightly different in design and intended to be part of a fountain set in the city center, but the people of Vimmerby vehemently opposed the idea. Furthermore, <mask> <mask> had stated that she never wanted to be represented as a statue. (However, there is a statue of Lindgren in the city center.)The memorial was sponsored by the culture council of Vimmerby. <mask>'s childhood home is near the statue and open to the public. Just  from Astrid's Wellspring is a museum in her memory. The author is buried in Vimmerby where the Astrid Lindgren's World theme park is also located. The children's museum Junibacken, in Stockholm, was opened in June 1996 with the main theme of the permanent exhibition being devoted to <mask> <mask>; at the heart of the museum is a theme train ride through the world of

masks: Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Lindgren Astrid Lindgren


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts:
 <mask> <mask>'s novels. Many of the plays were created in the 1940s and 1950s in collaboration with her friend Elsa Olenius, a pioneer in the Swedish children's theater. Many of the stories were written exclusively for the theater.They have been translated into several languages, including Danish, Finnish and Romanian. Most of <mask> <mask>'s plays have not been translated into English. Kalle Blomkvist, Nisse Nöjd och Vicke på Vind Mästerdetektiven Kalle Blomkvist: För kasperteater två korta akter Jul hos Pippi Långstrump Serverat, Ers Majestät! En fästmö till låns Huvudsaken är att man är frisk Jag vill inte vara präktig Snövit Pippi Långstrumps liv och leverne Filmography

This is a chronological list of feature films based on stories by <mask> <mask>.<mask> <mask> at IMDb. There are live action films as well as animated features. The most films were made in Sweden, followed by Russia. Further reading
<mask> <mask> – en levnadsteckning.Margareta Strömstedt. Stockholm, Rabén & Sjögren, 1977. Paul Berf, <mask> Surmatz (ed. ): <mask> <mask>. Zum Donnerdrummel! Ein Werk-Porträt. Zweitausendeins, Frankfurt 2000
Vivi Edström: <mask> <mask>.Im Land der Märchen und Abenteuer. Oetinger, Hamburg 1997
Maren Gottschalk: Jenseits von Bullerbü. Die Lebensgeschichte der Astrid Lindgren. Beltz & Gelberg, Weinheim 2006
Jörg Knobloch (ed. ): Praxis Lesen: <mask> <mask>: A4-Arbeitsvorlagen Klasse 2–6, AOL-Verlag, Lichtenau 2002
Sybil Gräfin Schönfeldt: <mask> Lindgren. 10. ed., Rowohlt, Reinbek 2000
Margareta Strömstedt: <mask> Lindgren.Ein Lebensbild. Oetinger, Hamburg 2001
Astrid Surmatz: Pippi Långstrump als Paradigma. Die

masks: Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Astrid


title: Astrid Lindgren

texts:
 deutsche Rezeption Astrid Lindgrens und ihr internationaler Kontext. Francke, Tübingen, Basel 2005
Metcalf, Eva-Maria: <mask> <mask>. New York, Twayne, 1995

External links

AstridLindgren.se – official site produced by license holders

<mask> <mask>'s World – official site of the theme park
Astrid Lindgrens Näs – official site produced by the Astrid Lindgren-museum and culture center Astrid Lindgrens Näs in Vimmerby
Astrid Lindgren – Right Livelihood Award (1994)
Astrid Lindgren – fan site

Astrid spacecraft description at NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive
<mask> <mask> – profile at FamousAuthors.org

1907 births
2002 deaths
20th-century Swedish novelists
20th-century Swedish women writers
Children's songwriters
Hans Christian Andersen Award for Writing winners
Litteris et Artibus recipients
Memory of the World Register
Selma Lagerlöf Prize winners
Sommar (radio program) hosts
Swedish children's writers
Swedish eurosceptics
Swedish fantasy writers
Swedish-language writers
Swedish satirists
Swedish screenwriters
Swedish Social Democratic Party
Swedish pacifists
Swedish women children's writers
People from Vimmerby Municipality
Women science fiction and fantasy writers
Writers from Småland
20th-century

masks: Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren Astrid Lindgren


title: Simon Salinas

texts:
<mask> (born October 8, 1955) is a California politician. He was a member of the California State Assembly district 28 from 2000 to 2006. His district included all of Salinas and Watsonville. Before going to the Assembly, <mask> was a County Supervisor, a City Council Member, a community college instructor, and an elementary school teacher. <mask> is a Democrat. He left the assembly in 2006 because he was termed out. He surprised the political establishment by not challenging Republican incumbent Jeff Denham for the California State Senate district 12.<mask> returned to local politics and was elected to the Monterey County Board of Supervisors in 2006, representing District 3. <mask> has lived most of his life in the Salinas area, growing up around agribusiness. He has one son. Background

Family life
<mask> was born in Slaton, Texas, one of twelve children of migrant farmworkers. His family originates from the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí, where his mother attended school until the 3rd grade. His father had no formal education and originally came to the United States under the Bracero Program in the 1940s, living and working in Kansas. He returned to Mexico, married, and years later returned with his wife and children to the United States in the 1950s, settling in Texas.This was the beginning of his experience as a farmworker over a 15-year period of fieldwork that included many migratory moves between the states of California and Texas, working in cotton and orange fields and whatever else was in season. Later, when Simón and his family picked up contract labor work, he picked strawberries in the central coast region of California at the age of 9. Due to the

masks:
Simon Salinas
Salinas
Salinas
Salinas
Salinas
Salinas


title: Simon Salinas

texts:
 seasonal farmwork they followed, Simón moved constantly and never fully settled for long periods of time in one place. For his parents, this pattern continued until their retirement in 1985. Education
<mask> finally settled permanently in the city of Watsonville, California, at the age of 18, so that he could focus on his education. He graduated from Watsonville High School in 1974, and then went on to Claremont McKenna College to receive a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science and Latin American Studies in 1978. In 1981, Simón earned a Bilingual Teaching Credential from San Jose State University and in 1984 graduated with a J.D.from Santa Clara University Law School in California. Teaching
<mask> credits his motivation in seeking a higher education to his parents, who instilled in him the motivation to succeed. He points to the example set by his father who, without any formal education, taught himself to read and write. It was this fact that encouraged <mask> to take advantage of the educational opportunities his parents were never given. <mask> was a bilingual 6th grade teacher at Bardin Elementary School in east Salinas. He became a professor at Hartnell College, in Salinas, from 1989 through 1993. Local politics
<mask> began his public service career in June 1989 when he was elected as the first Mexican-American to serve on the Salinas City Council.During his tenure with the City of Salinas, Mr. <mask> served as Mayor Pro-Tem. <mask> was first elected to the Monterey County Board of Supervisors in 1993, representing District One, and was reelected in 1997. During his second term, he was elected Chair of the Board and was the first Mexican-American to serve on the

masks:
Simon Salinas
Salinas
Salinas
Salinas
Salinas
Salinas
Salinas


title: Simon Salinas

texts:
 Monterey County Board of Supervisors in over 100 years. State legislature
In 2000, <mask> ran for the California state Assembly. After winning the Democratic primary, he won an expensive, hard-fought general election against Republican Jeff Denham, who went on to be elected state Senator in 2002. <mask> was sworn in to represent the 28th District in the California State Assembly on December 4, 2000. He authored legislation addressing issues in affordable housing, agriculture, healthcare, public safety, transportation, local government, and education.For his legislative efforts on these and other issues, he was named "Legislator of the Year" by a few organizations that include Skills USA-VICA, California Transit Association, the League of California Cities, and the American Planning Association. In <mask>'s first year in the Legislature, he sent 11 bills to the Governor and 9 were signed into law. <mask> served as the Chair of the Local Government Committee and as a Member of the Agriculture, Education, Health and Housing, Community Development Committees and other non-profit organization. He was Chair of the Select Committee on Rural Economic Development and vice president and co-founder of Caminos Del Arte, a non-profit organization that provides services for at-risk youth. As an assembly member, <mask> was a supporter of the 2006 bond measures. He was also a supporter of raising taxes, universal healthcare, improving social services, closing loopholes in Proposition 13, and independent redistricting. Return to local politics
On January 9, 2007, <mask> became a Monterey County Supervisor, this time representing the 3rd district.He retired from the Board of Supervisors

masks: Salinas Salinas Salinas Salinas Salinas Salinas


title: Lana Turner

texts: <mask> ( ; born <mask>; February 8, 1921June 29, 1995) was an American actress. Over the course of her nearly 50-year career, she achieved fame as both a pin-up model and a film actress, as well as for her highly publicized personal life. In the mid-1940s, she was one of the highest-paid actresses in the United States, and one of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's (MGM) biggest stars, with her films earning more than $50 million for the studio during her 18-year contract with them. <mask> is frequently cited as a popular culture icon of Hollywood glamour and a screen legend of classical Hollywood cinema. Born to working-class parents in northern Idaho, <mask> spent her childhood there before her family relocated to San Francisco. In 1936, when <mask> was 15, she was discovered while purchasing a soda at the Top Hat Malt Shop in Hollywood. At 16, she was signed to a personal contract by Warner Bros. director Mervyn LeRoy, who took her with him when he transferred to MGM in 1938.She soon attracted attention by playing the role of a murder victim in her film debut, LeRoy's They Won't Forget (1937), and she later moved into supporting roles, often appearing as an ingénue. During the early 1940s, <mask> established herself as a leading lady and one of MGM's top stars, appearing in such films as the film noir Johnny Eager (1941); the musical Ziegfeld Girl (1941); the horror film Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941); and the romantic war drama Somewhere I'll Find You (1942), one of several films in which she starred opposite Clark Gable. <mask>'s reputation as a glamorous femme fatale was enhanced by her critically acclaimed performance in the noir The Postman Always Rings Twice

masks:
Lana Turner
Julia Jean Turner
Turner
Turner
Turner
Turner
Turner


title: Lana Turner

texts:
 (1946), a role which established her as a serious dramatic actress. Her popularity continued through the 1950s in dramas such as The Bad and the Beautiful (1952) and Peyton Place (1957), the latter for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress. Intense media scrutiny surrounded the actress in 1958 when her teenage daughter Cheryl Crane stabbed <mask>'s lover at the time Johnny Stompanato to death in their home during a domestic struggle. Her next film, Imitation of Life (1959), proved to be one of the greatest commercial successes of her career, and her starring role in Madame X (1966) earned her a David di Donatello Award for Best Foreign Actress. <mask> spent most of the 1970s in semi-retirement, making her final film appearance in 1980.In 1982, she accepted a much-publicized and lucrative recurring guest role in the television series Falcon Crest, which afforded the series notably high ratings. In 1992, <mask> was diagnosed with throat cancer and died of the disease three years later at age 74. Life and career

1921–1936: Early life and education

<mask> was born Julia Jean <mask> on February 8, 1921, at Providence Hospital in Wallace, Idaho, a small mining community in the Idaho Panhandle region. She was the only child of John Virgil <mask>, a miner from Montgomery, Alabama of Dutch descent, and Mildred Frances Cowan from Lamar, Arkansas, who had English, Scottish and Irish ancestry. Mildred was four days shy of her own 17th birthday when she gave birth to her only child. <mask>'s parents had first met while 14-year-old Mildred, the daughter of a mine inspector, was visiting Picher, Oklahoma, with her father, who was inspecting

masks:
Turner
Turner
Turner
Lana Turner
Turner
Turner
Lana


title: Lana Turner

texts: local mines there. John was 24 years old at the time, and Mildred's father objected to the courtship.Shortly after, the two eloped and moved west, settling in Idaho. The family lived in Burke, Idaho at the time of <mask>'s birth, and relocated to nearby Wallace in 1925, where her father opened a dry cleaning service and worked in the local silver mines. As a child, <mask> was known to family and friends as Judy. She expressed interest in performance at a young age, performing short dance routines at her father's Elks chapter in Wallace. At age three, she performed an impromptu dance routine at a charity fashion show in which her mother was modeling. The <mask> family struggled financially, and relocated to San Francisco when she was six years old, after which her parents separated. On December 14, 1930, her father won some money at a traveling craps game, stuffed his winnings in his left sock, and headed for home.He was later found bludgeoned to death on the corner of Minnesota and Mariposa Streets, on the edge of San Francisco's Potrero Hill and the Dogpatch District, with his left shoe and sock missing. His robbery and homicide were never solved, and his death had a profound effect on <mask>. "I know that my father's sweetness and gaiety, his warmth and his tragedy, have never been far from me," she later said. "That, and a sense of loss and of growing up too fast." <mask> sometimes lived with family friends or acquaintances so that her impoverished mother could save money. They also frequently moved, for a time living in Sacramento and throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. Following her father's death, <mask> lived for a period in Modesto with a

masks: Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner


title: Lana Turner

texts:
 family who physically abused her and "treated her like a servant".Her mother worked 80 hours per week as a beautician to support herself and her daughter, and <mask> recalled sometimes "living on crackers and milk for half a week". While baptized a Protestant at birth, <mask> attended Mass with the Hislops, a Catholic family with whom her mother had temporarily boarded her in Stockton, California. She became "thrilled" by the ritual practices of the church, and when she was seven, her mother allowed her to formally convert to Roman Catholicism. <mask> subsequently attended the Convent of the Immaculate Conception in San Francisco, hoping to become a nun. In the mid-1930s, <mask>'s mother developed respiratory problems and was advised by her doctor to move to a drier climate, upon which the two moved to Los Angeles in 1936. 1937–1939: Discovery and early films

<mask>'s discovery is considered a show-business legend and part of Hollywood mythology among film and popular cultural historians. One version of the story erroneously has her discovery occurring at Schwab's Pharmacy, which <mask> claimed was the result of a reporting error that began circulating in articles published by columnist Sidney Skolsky.By <mask>'s own account, she was a junior at Hollywood High School when she skipped a typing class and bought a Coca-Cola at the Top Hat Malt Shop located on the southeast corner of Sunset Boulevard and McCadden Place. While in the shop, she was spotted by William R. Wilkerson, publisher of The Hollywood Reporter. Wilkerson was attracted by her beauty and physique, and asked her if she was interested in appearing in films, to which she responded: "I'll

masks: Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner


title: Lana Turner

texts: have to ask my mother first." With her mother's permission, <mask> was referred by Wilkerson to the actor/comedian/talent agent Zeppo Marx. In December 1936, Marx introduced <mask> to film director Mervyn LeRoy, who signed her to a $50 weekly contract with Warner Bros. on February 22, 1937 ($ in  dollars ). She soon became a protégée of LeRoy, who suggested that she take the stage name <mask>, a name she would come to legally adopt several years later. <mask> made her feature film debut in LeRoy's They Won't Forget (1937), a crime drama in which she played a teenage murder victim.Though <mask> only appeared on screen for a few minutes, Wilkerson wrote in The Hollywood Reporter that her performance was "worthy of more than a passing note". The film earned her the nickname of the "Sweater Girl" for her form-fitting attire, which accentuated her bust. <mask> always detested the nickname, and upon seeing a sneak preview of the film, she recalled being profoundly embarrassed and "squirming lower and lower" into her seat. She stated that she had "never seen myself walking before… [It was] the first time [I was] conscious of my body." Several years after the film's release, Modern Screen journalist Nancy Squire wrote that <mask> "made a sweater look like something Cleopatra was saving for the next visiting Caesar". Shortly after completing They Won't Forget, she made an appearance in James Whale's historical comedy The Great Garrick (1937), a biographical film about British actor David Garrick, in which she had a small role portraying an actress posing as a chambermaid. In late 1937, LeRoy was hired as an executive at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), and asked Jack

masks:
Turner
Turner
Lana Turner
Turner
Turner
Turner
Turner


title: Lana Turner

texts: L. Warner to allow <mask> to relocate with him to MGM.Warner obliged, as he believed <mask> would not "amount to anything". <mask> left Warner Bros. and signed a contract with MGM for $100 a week ($ in  dollars ). The same year, she was loaned to United Artists for a minor role as a maid in The Adventures of Marco Polo. Her first starring role for MGM was scheduled to be an adaptation of The Sea-Wolf, co-starring Clark Gable, but the project was eventually shelved. Instead, she was assigned opposite teen idol Mickey Rooney and Judy Garland in the Andy Hardy film Love Finds Andy Hardy (1938). During the shoot, <mask> completed her studies with an educational social worker, allowing her to graduate high school that year. The film was a box-office success, and her appearance in it as a flirtatious high school student convinced studio head Louis B. Mayer that <mask> could be the next Jean Harlow, a sex symbol who had died six months before <mask>'s arrival at MGM.Mayer helped further <mask>'s career by giving her roles in several youth-oriented films in the late 1930s, such as the comedy Rich Man, Poor Girl (1938) in which she played the sister of a poor woman romanced by a wealthy man, and Dramatic School (1938), in which she portrayed Mado, a troubled drama student. In the former, she was billed as the "Kissing Bug from the Andy Hardy film". Upon completing Dramatic School, <mask> screen-tested for the role of Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939). She was then cast in a supporting part as a "sympathetic bad girl" in Calling Dr. Kildare (1939), MGM's second entry in the Dr. Kildare series. This was followed by These Glamour Girls (1939), a comedy in

masks: Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner Turner


title: Lana Turner

texts:
 which she portrayed a taxi dancer invited to attend a dance with a male coed at his elite college. <mask>'s onscreen sex appeal in the film was reflected by a review in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch in which she was characterized as "the answer to 'oomph. In her next film, Dancing Co-Ed (1939), <mask> was given first billing portraying Patty Marlow, a professional dancer who enters a college as part of a rigged national talent contest.The film was a commercial success, and led to <mask> appearing on the cover of Look magazine. In February 1940, <mask> garnered significant publicity when she eloped to Las Vegas with 28-year-old bandleader Artie Shaw, her co-star in Dancing Co-Ed. Though they had only briefly known each other, <mask> recalled being "stirred by his eloquence", and after their first date the two spontaneously decided to get married. Their marriage only lasted four months, but was highly publicized, and led MGM executives to grow concerned over <mask>'s "impulsive behavior". In the spring of 1940, after the two had divorced, <mask> discovered she was pregnant and had an abortion. In contemporaneous press, it was noted she had been hospitalized for "exhaustion". She would later recall that Shaw treated her "like an untutored blonde savage, and took no pains to conceal his opinion".In the midst of her marriage to Shaw, she starred in We Who Are Young, a drama in which she played a woman who marries her coworker against their employer's policy. 1940–1945: War years and film stardom

In 1940, <mask> appeared in her first musical film, Two Girls on Broadway, in which she received top billing over established co-stars Joan Blondell and George Murphy.