title: Takeji Iwamiya

texts: Taiyō (). Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1973.Much of the photography, of hyakunin isshu, is by Iwamiya. The Graphic Design of Yusaku Kamekura. New York: Weatherhill, 1973. Text by Herbert Bayer, Masaru Katsumi, and Yusaku Kamekura. Ōsaka (). Osaka: Toppan Sēruzu, 1973. Photographs of Osaka.Text by Takeshi Ōtaka (). Tōrō (). Tokyo: Shūeisha, 1973. Photographs of garden lanterns. Text by Masatarō Kawakatsu (). Shiragi no sekibutsu (). Tokyo: Asahi Shinbunsha, 1974.Photographs, by Iwamiya and , of stone Buddhist statuary of Silla. Text by . Nihon no teien (). Tokyo: Shūeisha, 1974. Photographs of Japanese gardens. Text by Osamu Mori (). Nihon no senshoku ().Tokyo: Mainichi Shinbunsha, 1975. Photographs of Japanese dyed and woven materials. Text by Tomoyuki Yamanobe (). Butsuzō no imēji: Shashinten (). Osaka: Osaka University of Arts, 1975. Catalogue of an exhibition of photographs of Buddhist statuary. Iwamiya Takeji shashinshū () / Takeji Iwamiya Works from 30 Years.Tokyo: Nihon Shashin Kikaku, 1976. A retrospective of <mask>'s work. Kyō no niwa (). Tokyo: Kokusai Jōhōsha, 1976. Photographs of the gardens of Kyoto. Text by Kantō Shigemori (). Sado () / Sado.Sonorama Shashin Sensho 2. Tokyo: Asahi Sonorama, 1977. Black-and-white photographs of Sado island. With


title: Ronald Shannon Jackson

type: original

texts:
<mask> (January 12, 1940 – October 19, 2013) was an American jazz drummer and composer from Fort Worth, Texas. A pioneer of avant-garde jazz, free funk, and jazz fusion, he appeared on over 50 albums as a bandleader, sideman, arranger, and producer. <mask> and bassist Sirone are the only musicians to have performed and recorded with the three prime shapers of free jazz: pianist Cecil Taylor, and saxophonists Ornette Coleman and Albert Ayler. Musician, Player and Listener magazine writers David Breskin and Rafi Zabor called him "the most stately free-jazz drummer in the history of the idiom, a regal and thundering presence." Gary Giddins wrote "<mask> is an astounding drummer, as everyone agrees…he has emerged as a kind of all-purpose new-music connoisseur who brings a profound and unshakably individual approach to every playing situation." In 1979, he founded his own group, the Decoding Society, playing what has been dubbed free funk: a blend of funk rhythm and free jazz improvisation. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Fort Worth, Texas.As a child, he was immersed in music. His father monopolized the local jukebox business and established the only African American-owned record store in the Fort Worth area. His mother played piano and organ at their local church. Between the ages of five and nine he took piano lessons. In the third grade, he studied music with John Carter. <mask> graduated from I.M. Terrell High School, where he played with the marching band and learned about symphonic percussion.During lunch breaks, students would conduct jam sessions in the band room. Around the same time, <mask>'s mother bought him his first drum set to encourage him to graduate from high school. By the age of 15, he was playing professionally. His first paid gig was with tenor

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Ronald Shannon Jackson
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Jackson
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title: Ronald Shannon Jackson

texts:
 saxophonist James Clay, who went on to join Ray Charles as a sideman. <mask> recalled that "we were playing four nights a week, with two gigs each on Saturday and Sunday, anything from Ray Charles to bebop. People were dancing, and when it was time to listen, they'd listen. But I was brainwashed into thinking you couldn't make a living playing music."After graduation, <mask> attended Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri. He chose Lincoln because of its proximity to St. Louis and accessibility to great musicians touring the Midwest. His roommate was pianist John Hicks. As undergraduates, they "spent as much time performing together as studying." The Lincoln University band included <mask>, Hicks, trumpeter Lester Bowie, and Julius Hemphill on saxophone. <mask> then transferred to Texas Southern University, and from there went to Prairie View A & M. He decided to study history and sociology at the University of Bridgeport in Connecticut. <mask> intended not to play music at all, but after exposure to various artists and styles, he concluded that "the beat is in your body" and "the music you play comes from your life."By 1966, <mask> received a full music scholarship to New York University through trumpeter Kenny Dorham. New York and the Avant-Garde (1966–1978)
Once in New York, <mask> performed with many jazz musicians, including Charles Mingus, Betty Carter, Jackie McLean, Joe Henderson, Kenny Dorham, McCoy Tyner, Stanley Turrentine, and others. Whenever he would ask Charles Mingus to consider him for his group, Mingus used to push him "rudely out of his way". After <mask> sat in with pianist Toshiko Akiyoshi, he heard loud clapping behind him. It was Mingus, who asked him to play with his band. In 1966 <mask> recorded drums for saxophonist Charles Tyler's release,

masks: Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson


title: Ronald Shannon Jackson

texts:
 Charles Tyler Ensemble. Between 1966 and 1967, he played with saxophonist Albert Ayler and is featured on At Slug's Saloon, Vol.1 & 2. He is also on disks 3 and 4 of Ayler's Holy Ghost: Rare & Unissued Recordings (1962–70). <mask> said Ayler was "the first (leader) that really opened me up. He let me play the drums the way I did in Fort Worth when I wasn't playing for other people." John Coltrane's death in July 1967 devastated <mask>. He spent the next few years addicted to heroin. He said, "I couldn't play drums then, spiritually....I just didn't feel right." From 1970-74, he did not perform, but continued to practice. In 1974, pianist Onaje Allan Gumbs introduced <mask> to Nichiren Buddhism and chanting. Although initially reluctant, <mask> decided to try it for three weeks. "Then three months had passed. It pulled me together and pulled me out and I was able to focus. I was a Buddhist and a vegetarian for 17 years."By 1975 he joined saxophonist Ornette Coleman's electric free funk band, Prime Time. During his stint in Prime Time, Coleman taught <mask> composition and harmolodics. <mask> says that Coleman told him he was hearing music "in that piccolo range," and encouraged him to compose on the flute. <mask> went to Paris with Prime Time in 1976 to perform concerts and record Dancing in Your Head and Body Meta. In 1978, <mask> played on four albums with pianist Cecil Taylor: Cecil Taylor Unit, 3 Phasis, Live in the Black Forest, and One Too Many Salty Swift and Not Goodbye. The Decoding Society and Other Projects (1979–1999)
<mask> formed his band, The Decoding Society, in 1979, as a showcase for his blend of avant-garde jazz, rock, funk, and ethnic music. The instrumentation and arrangements, along with <mask>'s compositions and drum style, brought The Decoding Society

masks: Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson


title: Ronald Shannon Jackson

texts: critical acclaim.Although considered to be part of the "new fusion" movement that emerged from Ornette Coleman's harmolodic concepts, <mask> was able to implement a voice of his own. The Decoding Society's music can be hot, savage, and danceable, or cool, gentle, and contemplative. American, Eastern, and African sounds are distilled under <mask>'s guidance. Meters, feels, tempos, and stylistic references are heard throughout different compositions; many times within a single piece of music. Unlike many of <mask>'s contemporaries, The Decoding Society incorporates pop music elements into its avant-garde approach. Guitarist Vernon Reid has said of <mask> that he "wasn't an ideological avant-gardist. He made the music he made from an outsider's view, but not to the exclusion of rock and pop – he wasn't mad at pop music for being popular the way some of his generation are.He synthesized blues shuffles with African syncopations through the lens of someone who gave vent to all manner of emotions…the collision of values in his music really represents American culture." Common characteristics among the incarnations of The Decoding Society include doubled instrumentation (basses, saxophones, or guitars). Polyphony often predominates harmony; compositions are not focused on one key. Polyphonic textures equalize harmony, rhythm, and melody, dispensing with traditional ideas of key and pitch. Each instrument can play a rhythmic, harmonic, or melodic role, or any combination of the three. The lines between solos, lead instruments, and accompaniment are blurred. Looseness in pitch and rhythm create heterophony within unison-based parts, which also adds to the tonal ambiguity.Melodies can alternate from busy, frenetic, multiple themes to simple, lazy, lyrical phrases. They often function

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title: Ronald Shannon Jackson

texts:
 as both heads and melodic material to accompany one or more soloist. Sometimes the melodies are diatonic, other times they are bluesy; occasionally they sound "Eastern". Although The Decoding Society is more of a composer's band rather than a vehicle for soloing or drumming, free-blowing solos abound, and <mask>'s thunderous playing is heavily featured. Throughout the years, the Decoding Society has featured the performances of Akbar Ali, Bern Nix, Billy Bang, Byrad Lancaster, Cary Denigris, Charles Brackeen, David Fiuczynski, David Gordon, Tomchess, Dominic Richards, Eric Person, Henry Scott, Jef Lee Johnson, John Moody, Khan Jamal, Lee Rozie, Masujaa, Melvin Gibbs, Onaje Allan Gumbs, Reggie Washington, Reverend Bruce Johnson, Robin Eubanks, Vernon Reid, and Zane Massey. In addition to leading Decoding Society lineups, <mask> was involved in other projects. Guitarist and fellow Coleman alumnus James Blood Ulmer recruited <mask> for another group that intended to push harmolodics to a new level

In 1986 <mask>, Sonny Sharrock, Peter Brötzmann, and Bill Laswell formed the free jazz supergroup, Last Exit, which performed and released five live albums and one studio album, before Sharrock's death in 1994 saw the end of the band.In the late 1980s, <mask> teamed up with Laswell on two other projects: SXL, with violinist L. Shankar, Senegalese drummer Aiyb Dieng, and Korean percussion group SamulNori, and the free jazz trio, Mooko, with Japanese saxophonist Akira Sakata. With the help of some grants, <mask> took a three-month trip to West Africa and visited nine countries. The trip, both a personal and artistic milestone, inspired music for the Decoding Society's When Colors Play, recorded live at the Caravan of Dreams in September 1986. Author Norman C. Weinstein detailed the

masks: Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson


title: Ronald Shannon Jackson

texts:
 excursion in a chapter of his book, A Night in Tunisia: Imaginings of Africa in Jazz, titled "<mask> <mask>: Journey to Africa Without End." In 1987, <mask> formed an avant-garde power trio with bassist Melvin Gibbs and guitarist Bill Frisell called Power Tools. They released and toured behind an album titled Strange Meeting. Writer Greg Tate referred to the project as "that awesome and under-sung Power Tools album…in my humble opinion, the most paradigm-shifting power trio record since Band of Gypsys."Later career (2000-2013)
His output slowed in the early 2000s due to nerve damage in his left arm. After consulting with a neurologist, <mask> declined surgery and was able to regain his strength through years of physical therapy. Physical limitations did not diminish his output as a composer, and he unveiled new material on YouTube in 2012. <mask> joined trumpeter Wadada Leo Smith's Golden Quartet with pianist Vijay Iyer and double-bassist John Lindberg in 2005. Their collaboration is documented on the Tabligh CD and the Eclipse DVD. He played with the Punk Funk All Stars in 2006, which included Melvin Gibbs, Joseph Bowie, Vernon Reid, and James Blood Ulmer. In 2008 <mask> and Jamaaladeen Tacuma toured Europe with The Last Poets; this collaboration was documented in the film "The Last Poets / Made in Amerikkka" directed by Claude Santiago.In 2011 <mask>, Vernon Reid and Melvin Gibbs formed a power trio called Encryption. During their trip to the Moers Festival in Germany, <mask> suffered a heart attack and underwent an angioplasty. The next day, he checked himself out of the hospital to play with Reid and Gibbs at the festival. Afterwards, <mask> checked himself back in for medical observation. On July 7, 2012, <mask> performed at the Kessler Theater in Dallas with the

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title: Ronald Shannon Jackson

texts:
 latest version of the Decoding Society, which includes violinist Leonard Hayward, trumpeter John Weir, guitarist Gregg Prickett, and bassist Melvin Gibbs. The new compositions were described as being as strong as the best of his recorded work. The performance was voted as one of the Ten Best Concerts of 2012 in the Dallas Observer.<mask> died of leukemia on October 19, 2013, aged 73. 1&2 (ESP, 1966)
Holy Ghost: Rare & Unissued Recordings (1962–70) (Revenant, 1962–70)
With Ornette Coleman
Dancing in Your Head (A&M, 1973, 1975)
Body Meta (Artists House, 1975)
With Bertrand Gallaz
Talk To You In A Minute (Plainisphare, 1993)
With Bill Laswell
Baselines (Elektra Musician, 1982)
With Mooko
Japan Concerts (Celluloid, 1988)
With Music Revelation Ensemble
 No Wave (Moers Music, 1980)
Music Revelation Ensemble (DIW, 1988)
With Power Tools
Strange Meeting (Antilles, 1987)
With SXL
Live in Japan (Terrapin/Sony Japan, 1987)
Into the Outlands (Celluloid, 1987)
With Wadada Leo Smith
Tabligh (Cuneiform, 2008)
With Cecil Taylor
Cecil Taylor Unit (New World, 1978)
3 Phasis (New World, 1978)
One Too Many Salty Swift and Not Goodbye (hat Hut, 1978)
Live in the Black Forest (MPS, 1978)
With Charles Tyler
Charles Tyler Ensemble (ESP, 1966)
With James Blood Ulmer
Are You Glad to Be in America? (Rough Trade, 1980)
America – Do You Remember the Love? (Blue Note, 1986)
with John Zorn
Spillane (Nonesuch, 1986–87)

References

External links

Avant-garde jazz musicians
1940 births
2013 deaths
American jazz drummers
Jazz fusion drummers
People from Fort Worth, Texas
Antilles Records artists
Last Exit (free jazz band) members
DIW Records artists
Moers Music artists
Deaths from leukemia
Deaths from cancer in Texas
Jazz musicians from Texas
SXL (band) members
Knitting Factory Records artists
Prime Time


title: Kira Salak

texts:
<mask> (born September 4, 1971) is an American writer, adventurer, and journalist known for her travels in Mali and Papua New Guinea. She has written two books of nonfiction and a book of fiction based on her travels and is a contributing editor at National Geographic magazine. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born on September 4, 1971, in a western suburb of Chicago, Illinois. Her mother was a waitress and her father repaired mainframe computers. When <mask> was 13, her parents sent her to Wayland Academy, a boarding school in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, where she participated in cross-country activities and set a state level track record when she was 14. Though she began training for National and Olympic trials, she dropped out of the sport and decided to travel instead. <mask> received her B.F.A.in writing, literature and publishing from Emerson College. She received her M.F.A. in creative writing (fiction) from the University of Arizona. In 2004, she graduated from the University of Missouri, with a PhD in English; her two areas of specialization were 20th century American prose literature and travel literature. Career
At the age of 24, <mask> took a year off from graduate school to backpack around Papua New Guinea, the Pacific Island nation, and became the first American woman to cross the country. Her first book,  Four Corners: One Woman’s Journey into the Heart of Papua New Guinea, describes that journey. After the book was published, an editor of National Geographic Adventure magazine asked her to write for the magazine and <mask>'s career as a freelance writer began.<mask> gained a reputation for being a tough adventurer, surviving war zones, coup attempts, and life-threatening bouts with malaria and cholera (the New York Times described her as a "tough, real life Lara Croft" and Book Magazine described her as "the gutsiest – and some say, craziest – woman adventurer of our day.") Several of <mask>'s short stories have been published in journals such as Prairie Schooner, The Massachusetts Review, Quarterly West and Witness. One story, "Beheadings", about a war correspondent's search for

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Kira Salak
Kira Salak
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title: Kira Salak

texts:
 her lost brother, is published in the anthology Best New American Voices. According to <mask>, she started writing at the age of six. After the death of her brother, Marc, in 2005, <mask> took a year off from her magazine work to write her first novel The White Mary. In an interview, she described the experience:
"I wrote the entire book not long after my brother died. It was like an obsession.I lived in a tiny basement apartment in Columbia, Missouri, unemployed for a year. I didn't tell anyone what I was doing. It was a very private experience. I almost feel that the book wasn't so much written by me, but channeled through me." <mask> now writes regularly for National Geographic Adventure, National Geographic, and other magazines about her travels to places which include Iran, Rwanda, Libya, Burma, Borneo, Uganda and Peru. In 2003, she convinced some Ukrainian gun-runners to fly her to the Democratic Republic of the Congo so she could report on the war. Salak stayed in the Congolese town of Bunia, which was taken over by child soldiers, an experience she described as "an endless stream of the worst, most inconceivable acts of inhumanity".She received a PEN literary award for her article about that experience. Her articles have also appeared in publications that include the New York Times Magazine, Travel & Leisure, The Washington Post, and Backpacker, and her work has appeared five times in Best American Travel Writing. Her fiction was selected for Best New American Voices (judged by Charles Baxter). Her fiction and nonfiction have appeared in various anthologies, including Adrenaline 2002: The Year's Best Stories of Adventure and Survival, The Best Women's Travel Writing, and Nixon Under the Bodhi Tree and Other Works of Buddhist Fiction. Awards
<mask> received the PEN Award for journalism in 2004 and has appeared five times in Best American Travel Writing. In 2005, the National Geographic Society awarded <mask> with an Emerging Explorer Award. She has been awarded two Lowell Thomas Gold Awards for Best Foreign Article and Environmental Reporting.She has been awarded the AWP/ Prague

masks: Salak Salak Salak Salak Salak


title: Kira Salak

texts:
 Fellowship Award in creative nonfiction. Accomplishments
<mask> is described by the National Geographic Society's website as being the "first documented person to kayak solo  down the Niger river" and by the New York Times as "a real-life Lara Croft". <mask> has been selected by the Library of Congress for its "Women Who Dare" publications, which highlight the world's top women explorers and leaders. She was the first woman to cross Papua New Guinea, following the route taken by Australian patrol officer Ivan Champion in 1927. First person to kayak up the Niger River

Media
<mask> was profiled on the CBS Evening News. She has appeared on the CBC's prime-time news show, The Hour with George Stroumboulopoulos. She has been profiled in: The New York Times Book Review, Glamour, Vogue, The Observer, The Times, NY Post, Travel & Leisure, National Geographic, Book Magazine, National G

Books
 Four Corners: A Journey into the Heart of Papua New Guinea, National Geographic Books, 2004: an account of her journey across Papua New Guinea, retracing the 1927 route of explorer Ivan Champion.The Cruelest Journey: Six Hundred miles to Timbuktu, National Geographic Books, 2004: an account of her 600-mile journey down the Niger River from Old Segou, Mali, to Timbuktu, following the route taken by the explorer Mungo Park. The White Mary'', Henry Holt & Co., 2008: a novel concerning a traumatised war reporter, Marika Vecera, who embarks on a journey into Papua New Guinea to investigate a mysterious letter claiming that a Pulitzer-winning journalist, generally reported as having committed suicide, has been seen alive in a remote jungle there. See also
 List of female adventurers

References

External links
National Geographic magazine profile
Personal website of <mask>
Wall Street Journal Review of Salak's The White Mary
National Geographic Adventure Review of Salak's The White Mary

1971 births
Living people
American explorers
American travel writers
American women travel writers
Writers from Illinois
University of Missouri alumni
People from Westmont, Illinois
Wayland Academy, Wisconsin alumni
21st-century

masks:
Kira Salak
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Kira Salak


title: Allan Blakeney

texts:
<mask>  (September 7, 1925April 16, 2011) was the tenth premier of Saskatchewan from 1971 to 1982, and leader of the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party (NDP). Early life and career
Born in Bridgewater, Nova Scotia, <mask> took his law degree at Dalhousie Law School, winning the gold medal. He was a Rhodes Scholar at Queen's College, Oxford, where he played for the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. He earned a bachelor's degree, second class, in politics and economics. On returning to Canada, he passed the Nova Scotia bar exam in 1950. He then took a job with the Saskatchewan civil service, eventually becoming a senior civil servant in Saskatchewan, before he entered politics in 1960 and represented part of Regina. He would represent a Regina-based riding without interruption until his retirement in 1988.<mask> served as a cabinet minister in the governments of Tommy Douglas and Woodrow S. Lloyd until the government was defeated in 1964. As minister of health, he played a crucial role in the introduction of Medicare. In 1969, <mask> was elected national president of the New Democratic Party of Canada, and succeeded James Renwick. NDP leader
In 1970, <mask> succeeded Lloyd as leader of the Saskatchewan NDP, which was then in opposition. Historically, his election as leader has been interpreted as a victory of the provincial NDP's "establishment" over the left-wing Waffle faction, because Lloyd was trying to move the party more to the left and supported the Waffle Manifesto at the October 1969 federal NDP convention in Winnipeg. As well, Lloyd backed the Waffle's right to debate issues after the convention, which disturbed many of

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title: Allan Blakeney

texts:
 his MLAs, who eventually forced him to resign in March 1970. Premier
In the 1971 provincial election, <mask> led the party to power and defeated Ross Thatcher's Liberal government.<mask>'s government practiced state-led economic intervention in the economy. The farmers were a high priority, as globalization began transforming agriculture and weakened the traditional family farm through consolidation,
mechanization, and corporatization. The NDP promised a "revitalized
rural Saskatchewan," and  <mask>'s introduced programs to stabilize crop prices, retain transportation links, and modernize rural life. Looking back, he lamented the gradual conversion of Saskatchewan's family farms into larger agricultural ventures: without resorting to the "very high costs" and "billions of dollars" that preserved family farming in Europe and the United States, "[w]e were, it seems, King Canute trying to hold back the tide." His government created a crown corporation in the potash industry in an attempt to further diversify the province's agrarian economy and threatened the expropriation of private potash mines in the province. <mask> pointed out that the sums paid for the mines were slightly in excess of their appraised "book" value. However, the mere threat of expropriation created a political firestorm that involved even the US government.<mask> also created a state-owned oil and gas corporation, SaskOil, to handle oil exploration and production. The private oil industry had essentially abandoned Saskatchewan after the NDP's policy of imposing extremely-high royalty rates in the early 1970s. Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's policies

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title: Allan Blakeney

texts:
 to centralize control in Ottawa outraged Blakeney, and he moved closer to Alberta's position of open hostility. <mask> joined Alberta Progressive Conservative Premier Peter Lougheed in a fight for provincial rights over minerals, oil, and gas. <mask> played an important role in the federal-provincial negotiations that led to the 1982 patriation of the Canadian constitution. Later career
<mask>'s government was defeated in the 1982 provincial election, its attempt to win a fourth successive term, being defeated by the Progressive Conservative Party, led by Grant Devine. The NDP lost 35 of its 44 seats, then the third-worst defeat of a sitting government in the province's history.The party was cut down to only nine seats, its smallest presence in the legislature since its first election in 1934 (as the Saskatchewan CCF). Once in opposition, <mask> continued to lead the party up to the 1986 provincial election. The NDP not only regained much of what it had lost in its severe beating of four years earlier, but also gained more votes overall than Devine's Progressive Conservatives. However, much of that margin was wasted on landslide margins in Regina and Saskatoon, which left the NDP eight seats short of regaining power. <mask> resigned in 1987 and was succeeded by Roy Romanow. On April 30, 1992, he was appointed as an Officer of the Order of Canada for his work as Premier of Saskatchewan, his enormous contribution to the field of public administration, and a key player in introducing the first comprehensive public medical health care plan in Canada. In 2000, he was awarded the Saskatchewan Order of Merit.In 2001, he was made a


title: Allan Blakeney

texts:
 Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. <mask> was also a past president of the Canadian Civil Liberties Association. As a private citizen, Blakeney served as a consultant to the Romanow government in the 1990s, when it sold the SaskOil to Occidental Petroleum. Blakeney then served on the board of directors of the successor corporation. Death
Blakeney died on April 16, 2011 at his home in Saskatoon of complications from cancer. Federal NDP leader Jack Layton dedicated the rest of his federal election campaign to Blakeney, who died about halfway through the campaign. About 600 people attended his memorial, including federal NDP leaders Jack Layton and Ed Broadbent, former provincial premiers Roy Romanow, Lorne Calvert, Peter Lougheed, Ed Schreyer, Bill Davis, and Bob Rae, as well as then Saskatchewan premier Brad Wall.Notes

References
 <mask>. An Honourable Calling: Political Memoirs (University of Toronto Press, 2008) 258 pp. .

1925 births
2011 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Canadian Rhodes Scholars
Alumni of The Queen's College, Oxford
Lawyers in Saskatchewan
Canadian Queen's Counsel
Canadian socialists
Schulich School of Law alumni
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Officers of the Order of Canada
Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
Members of the Saskatchewan Order of Merit
People from Bridgewater, Nova Scotia
Premiers of Saskatchewan
Queen's Counsel 1901–2000
Saskatchewan Co-operative Commonwealth Federation MLAs
20th-century Canadian legislators
Saskatchewan New Democratic Party MLAs
Leaders of the Saskatchewan CCF/NDP
Deaths from cancer in Saskatchewan
Members of the Executive Council of

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Blakeney
Allan Blakeney


title: Max Bedacht

texts:
<mask>. (October 13, 1883 – July 4, 1972) was a German-born American revolutionary socialist political activist, journalist, and functionary who helped establish the Communist Party of America. Bedacht is best remembered as the long-time head of the International Workers Order, a Communist Party-sponsored fraternal benefit organization. Biography

Early years

<mask>, Sr. was born in Munich, Germany to an ethnically German mother on October 13, 1883. He was the son of a single mother who worked as a domestic servant and was raised  Catholic by a maternal aunt and uncle. Early labor activities

Bedacht apprenticed and worked as a barber in Germany and Switzerland, working in the towns of Gossau and Herisau. He organized fellow journeymen barbers into a union during his European years. In 1905 he joined the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland.In 1907, Bedacht was elected president of the Swiss National Barbers' Union and edited the organization's newspaper. That same year he took part in his first labor action, a sympathy strike held for the striking chocolate workers on the banks of Lake Geneva. During a barbers' strike the following year, Bedacht rented a building for a cooperative barber shop in his name. In the settlement of the strike, the plan for the cooperative facility was abandoned, however, and Bedacht was sued for breach of contract by the building's landlord. While the union's members offered to pay the money for him, Bedacht decided to emigrate to the United States rather than allow this to take place. Activities:  New York City

Bedacht immigrated to the United States in 1908 and

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title: Max Bedacht

texts:
 to join the Soviet underground. Chambers described Bedacht's approach as follows:

In 1934, he ran on the Communist ticket for U.S. Senator from New York and received 45,396 votes (1.23%). In 1937, he said under oath in 1948, "I went to Spain with a committee of eight to the International Brigade in Spain.I think it was 1937." In 1939, Time Magazine cited Bedacht in connection with the arrest of Party leader Earl Browder on charges of indicted a Federal Grand Jury in New York City on two counts connected to passport:  "Possible was the bagging by Frank Murphy of such Reds as Executive Committeeman <mask>, Publisher Alexander Trachtenberg." International Workers Order

In the 1930s, Bedacht became general secretary of the International Workers Order (IWO), a Communist Party-affiliated insurance, mutual benefit, and fraternal organization (1930–1954), whose membership peaked in the late 1940s at 200,000 members. In the mid-1940s, Bedacht appeared under subpoena before the Special Committee on Un-American Activities of the US House of Representatives (or "Dies Committee"). Expulsion

In November 1948, Bedacht was expelled from the national CPUSA. In November 1949, Bedacht appeared before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC). Regarding his activities, he answered when asked:    Mr. Tavenner: Will you please state for the committee the official positions which you have held in the past in the Communist Party of the United States?Mr. Bedacht: Almost everything up to secretary. I was never the editor of the Daily Worker. Regarding his expulsion from the CPUSA, he held this exchange:   Mr.


title: Max Bedacht

texts:
 Tavenner:  I believe you have recently been expelled from Communist Party, have you not? Mr. Bedacht. Yes, sir. Mr. Tavenner. On what grounds did this expulsion take place?Mr. Bedacht: I don't know that I know myself, but, anyway, this committee is surely not a court of appeals against my expulsion, and my explanation for it would take quite a while, and you would have to listen to the other side, too. Mr. Tavenner: I will not go into that. It was the result of a factional dispute within the party; is that substantially right? Mr. Bedacht: You may say so. Personal life and death
Bedacht was married and had four children, three daughters and a son:  Elsie, Edith, Ethel, and <mask>. His eldest daughter worked for a time in the National Office of the American Communist Party in the early 1930s. <mask>t died on July 4, 1972.His Communist Party membership had been reinstated a few years prior. Works

Books and pamphlets

 In Memoriam: To our comrades Karl Liebknecht, 1871–1919, Rosa Luxemburg, 1871–1919, Martyrs to the German Revolution. San Francisco : Socialist Party of San Francisco, 1919
 Principles of Communism: Engel's Original Draft of the Communist Manifesto. (Editor.) Chicago: Daily Worker Publishing Co., 1925
 The Menace of Opportunism: A Contribution to the Bolshevization of the Workers (Communist) Party. Chicago: Daily Worker Publishing Co., 1926
 Anti-Soviet Lies and the Five-Year Plan: The "Holy" Capitalist War Against the Soviet Union. New York: Workers Library Publishers, 1931
 Karl Marx, 1883-1933 With Earl Browder and Sam Don.New York: Workers Library Publishers, 1933
 Unity of the

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Max Bedach


title: Max Bedacht

texts:
 Workers' Fraternal Movement: A Speech. New York: Cultural Committee of the International Workers Order, 1936
 Labor Fraternalism: The Fraternal Principles and Program of the IWO. New York: National Education Dept., International Workers Order, 1941
 An Appeal of the German Communists: Destroy Hitler! Free Germany! With Alfred Wagenknecht. New York: Workers Library Publishers, 1942
 The International Workers Order from the Fifth to the Sixth Convention: Report of the General Secretary <mask>t to the IWO Sixth National Convention, July 2–7, 1944, New York City. New York: International Workers Order, 1944
 The Task Before Us: Address.New York: International Workers Order, 1944
 Complete Equality: Democracy and the Negroes. New York: International Workers Order, 1945
 Your Health — America's Wealth. New York: International Workers Order, 1945
 On the Path of Life (memoirs), 1967

Articles

All articles listed here come from the Marxists Internet Archive except the 1926 Daily Worker article entitled "Eastman Drops His Mask." Communist Labor Party Mail Referendum for NEC Motions 3 and 4 (1919)
 Letter to the Central Executive Committee of the United Communist Party (1921)
 To the CEC of the CPA (PDF) (1926)
 Report on the 4th Comintern Congress to the CEC of the Workers Party of America (1921)
 Circular Letter to All District Organizers of the Unified CPA (1922)
 Letter to the Executive Committee of the Communist International in Moscow (1924)
 "Eastman Drops His Mask," The Daily Worker, vol. 3, no. 237 (October 20, 1926), pp. 1, 6
 Editorial (1927)

Miscellaneous

 Letter to Theodore Draper


title: Fabian Ver

texts:
<mask> (January 20, 1920 – November 21, 1998) was a Filipino military officer who served as the Commanding Officer of the Armed Forces of the Philippines under President Ferdinand Marcos. Early life and education
<mask> was born on January 20, 1920 and grew up in the town of Sarrat in Ilocos Norte. <mask> attended the University of the Philippines and was an alumnus of its reserve program. He also joined the UP Vanguard in 1941. However, the outbreak of World War II disrupted his studies. After the war, he resumed his studies at the University of Manila where he obtained a Bachelor of Law degree and later the University of Louisville where he graduated with a degree in police administration in 1963. He also undertook training in Hawaii and with the Los Angeles Police Department.Military and political career

During World War II, he acted as a guerrilla intelligence officer with the rank of third lieutenant and after the war, he went on in the military service. During then Senator Ferdinand Marcos' term as Senate President in the early 1960s, he was one of his military advisers. He was at
that time serving in the Criminal Investigation Service of the Philippine Constabulary with the rank of captain. The Philippine Constabulary was at that time, a major service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines that deals with law enforcement
and peace and order in the country. It is now at present, the Philippine National Police. According to the autobiography book of former Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile entitled, "Juan Ponce Enrile: A Memoir", Ver was a man of Marcos through and through. He could not and would not say no to Marcos and would blindly carry out the wishes and orders of Marcos without question.Thus, he became the most loyal officer to Marcos and upon the latter's election as President of the Philippines in 1965, he became part of the latter's inner circle. And, Ver worked his way up through the military ranks. He was most trusted military officer of then President Ferdinand Marcos as Martial Law was declared on

masks:
Fabian Crisologo Ver
Fabian Ver
Ver


title: Fabian Ver

texts: September 21, 1972. and he was also known as one of Marcos' chief enforcers, and was the highest among the Rolex 12. Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile, as the Martial Law Architect, the highest among the Rolex 12. He became further fiercely loyal to Marcos, and Marcos repaid his loyalty by appointing him as the commanding general of the Presidential Security Group, then known as the Presidential Security Command or PSC that tasked to secure Marcos and his family. When he was due for retirement in 1976, Marcos extended his term indefinitely. He also headed the then National Intelligence and Security Authority or NISA (now, the National Intelligence and Coordinating Agency), then, the vast and well-armed and well-equipped intelligence department of the Philippines, sending government agents to search for anti-Marcos critics.It placed spies in all government and private entities. In effect, NISA acts as secret police force of the Marcos regime. And since NISA was under the direct control of the Office of the President, Ver directly reports to Marcos. And under the 1978 National Security Code, NISA also was given functional supervision and control over the Intelligence Service of the AFP or ISAFP, thus its chief reports to Ver directly, thus widening his powers in the military gaining full suzerainty of the ISAFP to further NISA's functions. In fact in the Batas Militar documentary on 1997, the late General Romeo Espino, the then chief of staff of the AFP said Ver was a powerful man and he checks his recommendations for promotions and appointments before it reaches Marcos. And, if Ver decides to release any political prisoner detained by NISA, it equals that of Marcos as his signature is also considered as the latter's. Martial law was lifted in 1981, and <mask> was appointed Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines over a cousin, then Major-General Fidel Valdez Ramos, then the chief of the Philippine Constabulary.Thus, <mask> became the most powerful officer in the military, as he headed now three institutions:

masks: Ver Ver


title: Fabian Ver

texts:
 the entire AFP, the PSC and NISA. Police officials, military men, businessmen, politicians, bureaucrats and other prominent figures kowtowed to him. Many feared to displease him as he has direct access to Marcos and has his ear as well as of then First Lady Imelda Marcos. In fact, his three sons, who are all military officers like him were in the zenith of power. His eldest son, Irwin was rapidly promoted to colonel and named chief of staff of the Presidential Security Command. His other son, Rexor was the chief of the close- in security of Marcos and youngest son, Wyrlo, was the commander of the Armored Unit of Malacanang Palace. <mask> graduated no.1 in the Philippine Military Academy in 1970. During <mask>'s term as AFP chief of staff, he was biased in favor of the military officers that came from ROTC program by giving them incentives and named them to key important posts in the military, thus, this made the military officers who graduated from the Philippine Military Academy resentful, with some officers forming a faction called Reform the Armed Forces Movement led by Col. Gregorio Honasan, Victor Batac, & Eduardo "Red" Kapunan who all graduated in the academy in 1971. He also extended schooling privileges to his relatives, friends in the military especially the graduates of professional military schools that are close to him, to Marcos and to Imelda, including those who paid homage to him and filled the high
posts in the military with Ilocano ROTC-trained military officers. This
was the era of favoritism in the AFP. General Romeo Espino, <mask>'s predecessor, was AFP Chief of Staff for the longest term in the Philippines military, was like <mask>, Espino was too an ROTC graduate in the University of the Philippines, but he was fair in administration of military affairs during his time, unlike Ver. <mask> also instituted, along with Marcos, the extension of services in the military of those military officers loyal to them, who overreached their retirement age. As Marcos disregarded the authority of then Defense

masks:
Irwin Ver
Ver
Ver
Ver
Ver


title: Fabian Ver

texts:
 Minister Juan Ponce Enrile in the 1980s, he changed the military chain of command.Under the new chain of command, the authority would evolve from Marcos as president and commander-in-chief of the armed forces up to <mask>, the chief of staff of the armed forces. As such, <mask> replaced Enrile as the second most-powerful high government official in the country, the status which the latter held during martial law when he was tasked to administer it. Aquino assassination and acquittal by <mask> kept aging officers loyal to himself and also to Marcos on the armed forces, thus making young officers disgruntled. The Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) was formed by these young officers, led by then Colonel Gregorio Honasan and then Captain Proceso Maligalig as a result of this. The RAMboys, as they were known in the Philippines, played a key role in Marcos' overthrow. As the Marcos regime grew unpopular during these years, Marcos would be in and out of office due to kidney ailments. Political mismanagement would ensue, culminating with the 1983 assassination of popular opposition leader and senator Benigno Aquino Jr. upon his return from exile in the United States.The Agrava Commission, an independent fact-finding body put up by Marcos, found evidence to verify that the military and Ver were involved, but  he was subsequently acquitted in 1985 by the Sandiganbayan. After the tumultuous snap election on February 7, 1986, Marcos announced that he was replacing Ver with Fidel Ramos due to his alleged ties with Ninoy Aquino's assassination, although he tacitly kept Ver in power. Awards in military service
  Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation
  Martial Law Unit Citation
  Presidential Medal of Merit
  Distinguished Conduct Star Medals
  Distinguished Service Star Medals
  Gold Cross Medals
  Military Merit Medals
   Military Commendation Medals
  Philippine Defense Medal
  Philippine Liberation Medal
  Anti-dissidence Campaign Medal
  Luzon Anti-Dissidence Campaign Medal
  Mindanao Anti-Dissidence Campaign Medal

masks:
Ver
Ver
Marcos Ver


title: Fabian Ver

texts:
 Disaster Relief and Rehabilitation Operations Ribbon
  Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal
  World War II Victory Medal
 PAF Gold Wings Badge

Later life and death
After the tumultuous snap elections of 1986, the EDSA Revolution would come. During a television conference, Ver insistently advised Marcos to give him orders to fire on the swelling number of protesters, but Marcos refused to and gave the order to disperse the crowd without shooting. However, <mask> later confirmed that Marcos approved the kill order after the general met with Marine commandant General Artemio Tadia. Following the People Power Revolution, <mask> and his family along with the Marcoses were exiled to Hawaii. Facing federal racketeering charges, <mask> left the United States using a Paraguayan passport, and transited to Austria, then finally to Mannheim, Germany where he joined his younger children.He was not allowed to return to the country during the administration of Presidents Corazon Aquino and Fidel V. Ramos. He returned during the presidency of Joseph Estrada but faced lawsuits that linked him to the assassination of Ninoy Aquino and fall guy Rolando Galman. In November 21, 1998, Ver died of pulmonary complications in a hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, two months before his 79th Birthday. See also
Rolex 12
Presidential Security Group / Presidential Security Command
National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (NICA)
Sterling Seagrave
University of the Philippines ROTC Unit

References

External links
The Filipino Express, 10-27-1994 - Graft cases brought against Ver and Ongpin
The Filipino Express, 08-27-1998 - Let Ver come home - Erap
The Filipino Express, 12-13-1998 - Family feud: Quarrel avoided over Ver remains

Philippine Army personnel
Filipino generals
People from Ilocos Norte
1920 births
1998 deaths
Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs (Philippines)
University of Manila alumni
University of Louisville alumni
Heads of government agencies of the Philippines
Marcos Administration personnel
People of the People Power Revolution
Filipino military

masks: Ver Ver Ver


title: Jules Eichorn

texts:
<mask> (February 7, 1912 – February 15, 2000) was an American mountaineer, environmentalist, and music teacher. Early years
<mask> was born in San Francisco on February 7, 1912, to Hilmar and <mask>, who were immigrants from Germany. As a youngster, he often hiked on the slopes of Mount Tamalpais in Marin County, California with his parents and siblings. He showed musical talent and began studying violin from Ansel Adams at a young age. In 1927, he began piano lessons, and his first instructor was Ansel Adams. <mask> was also Adams's first piano student. That summer, <mask> joined Adams on the Sierra Club annual High Trip, which included a climb of Alta Peak in Sequoia National Park.That climb sparked the 15-year-old <mask>'s love of mountaineering. Eichorn worked for Ansel Adams washing photographic prints and hauling photographic equipment in exchange for piano lessons, and their friendship lasted until Adams's death in 1984. After graduating from Lick-Wilmerding High School in San Francisco in 1929, Eichorn traveled to the Teton Range of Wyoming in 1930 for a summer climbing trip. Mountaineering achievements

On July 6, 1930, during the Sierra Club's annual High Trip, he first teamed up with Glen Dawson to make the third ascent of Red and White Mountain in the Sierra. They continued at a fast pace to climb Mount Abbot, Bear Creek Spire, Mount Dade, Turret Peak, Mount Darwin, The Hermit, Mount McGee, a first ascent of the (later named) Mount Mendel, Mount Goddard, Devils Crags, Mount Woodworth, Middle Palisade, Mount Sill, North Palisade, Polemonium Peak, Mount Winchell and Mount Agassiz. All of these climbs were completed in 24 days. Sierra

masks:
Jules Marquard Eichorn
Jules Marquard Eichorn
Frieda Eichorn
Eichorn
Eichorn
Eichorn


title: Jules Eichorn

texts: Club Secretary Will Colby wrote, "Some youthful enthusiasts, including Glen Dawson, <mask> and John Olmstead, swarmed over everything that looked formidable in the way of a mountain peak."In 1931, Sierra Club leader Francis P. Farquhar invited Harvard philosophy professor and Appalachian Mountain Club member Robert L. M. Underhill to come to the Sierra Nevada to teach the latest techniques of roped climbing. Underhill had learned these techniques in the Alps, and had used them earlier that summer in the Tetons and the Canadian Rockies. <mask> was among the first group of Californians who practiced these techniques on Mount Ritter and Banner Peak in the Ritter Range. After the basic course was completed, the more advanced students, including <mask>, his climbing partner Glen Dawson, Norman Clyde, Lewis Clark, and Bestor Robinson traveled south to the Palisades, the most rugged and alpine part of the Sierra Nevada. There, on August 13, 1931, the party completed the first ascent of the last unclimbed 14,000+ foot peak in California, which remained unnamed due to its remote location above the Palisade Glaciers. After a challenging ascent to the summit, the climbers were caught in an intense lightning storm, and Eichorn barely escaped electrocution when "a thunderbolt whizzed right by my ear". The mountain was named Thunderbolt Peak to commemorate that close call.Underhill called Dawson and Eichorn "young natural-born rock climbers of the first water." Three days later on August 16, Eichorn, Clyde, Underhill and Dawson completed the first ascent of the East Face of Mount Whitney, the highest peak in the contiguous United States. The route was

masks:
Jules Eichorn
Jules Eichorn
Eichorn


title: Jules Eichorn

texts: extremely exposed, especially the famous Fresh Air Traverse. Eichorn was just 19 years old. Steve Roper called this route "one of the classic routes of the Sierra, partly because of its spectacular location and partly because it was the first really big wall to be climbed in the range." Porcella & Burns wrote that "the climb heralded a new standard of technical competence in Californian rock climbing . . ." Eichorn's 1931 experiences led to a lifelong friendship with Norman Clyde, who was, by most accounts, California's greatest mountaineer of the first half of the 20th century.These two classic climbs were among at least 26 first ascents that <mask> completed in the High Sierra between 1930 and 1952. His other first ascents included the Dragtooth, Finger Peaks, Matthes crest, Eichorn Minaret, Waller Minaret, Clyde Spires, Mt. McGee, Frustration Turret, Pyramidal Pinnacle, and Red Spur. His first ascents of new routes on previously climbed peaks include Matterhorn Peak, Mount Hoffmann, Cathedral Peak, Banner Peak, Michael Minaret, Mount Winchell, Temple Crag, Middle Palisade, the ridge traverse from North Palisade to Starlight Peak, Deerhorn Mountain, Mt. Ericsson, Mount Russell and three routes on the Devil's Crags. In early August 1933, young solo climber and guidebook author Walter A. Starr, Jr., nicknamed "Pete", disappeared in the Minarets. Beginning on August 15, a dozen skilled climbers including <mask>, Clyde and Dawson spent four days searching unsuccessfully for Pete Starr.Norman Clyde continued to search alone, and discovered Starr's body on Michael Minaret on August 25, where he had fallen to his death. Eichorn and Clyde later climbed

masks: Eichorn Eichorn


title: Jules Eichorn

texts:
 train.He became a political activist, opposing development and wetland filling along the San Mateo County, California coast of San Francisco Bay. He was an active member of the Loma Prieta chapter of the Sierra Club for many years. In 1961, he was elected to the national Board of Directors of the Sierra Club, and served from 1961 to 1967. Among his colleagues on the board in those years was Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, photographer Ansel Adams and Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist Wallace Stegner. Eichorn died in his sleep at his home in Redwood City, California on February 15, 2000, eight days after his 88th birthday. Legacy

Two Sierra Nevada peaks are named after <mask>orn. Eichorn Pinnacle (~10,940 feet) is the spectacular west summit of Cathedral Peak near Tuolumne Meadows in Yosemite National Park.<mask> climbed this pinnacle in 1931. Eichorn Minaret (12,255 feet) is one of the Minarets in the Ritter Range, located in the Ansel Adams Wilderness. The Jules Eichorn Memorial Grove is located in Big Basin Redwoods State Park in Santa Cruz County, California. <mask> was the winner of the Sierra Club's Francis P. Farquhar Mountaineering Award for 1972. His personal slogan was "Music and the mountains; they're the greatest." External links
 Portrait of <mask>orn by Ansel Adams
 An account of the 1931 High Trip: thehighsierra.org

References

Sierra Club directors
1912 births
2000 deaths
People from San Francisco
American mountain climbers
American environmentalists
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Educators from California
American people of German descent
People from Hillsborough, California
Activists from California
Sierra

masks:
Jules Eich
Jules Eichorn
Eichorn
Jules Eich


title: HMS Choudri

texts:
<mask> (Urdu: حاجى محمد صديق چودھری; b. 1912—27 February 2004), , popular as <mask> Choudhri, was a three-star rank admiral in the Pakistan Navy who was the first native Commander in Chief of Pakistan Navy. He was the cousin of Dr Raees M. Mushtaq's father who is a current Senior Advocate of Pakistan and is the owner of Indus Hotel Hyderabad. In 1953, he was appointed as second Commander-in-Chief after taking over the command from Royal Navy's Rear Admiral J.W. Jefford, and served under two Governor-Generals from 1953–56, and then under President Iskander Mirza from 1956 until 1959. He resigned from his command due to differences regarding the navy's plans of modernization and to end the interservice rivalry with Army GHQ, Pakistan MoD, and the Presidency on 26 January 1959. He was one of the only few military officials who resigned from their commission over the disagreement with the civilian government and was eventually succeeded by Vice-Admiral A. R. Khan on 28 February 1959.He died on 27 February 2004 and was buried in military graveyard in Karachi with full military honors. Biography

Early years and World War II
Haji Mohammad Choudhri was born in Batala, Punjab, British India in 1912 in an Arain family He is the cousin of Dr Raees M Mushtaq’s Father. Very little is known about his early life which based on combined military history of India and Pakistan. As many of contemporaries in the British Indian military, he was educated at the Rashtriya Indian Military College and later joined the Britannia Royal Naval College in the United Kingdom. He was among the first Indians and first Indian Muslim to be commissioned a midshipman in the Royal Indian Navy's Executive Branch in 1931. On 1 September 1933, he was promoted to sub-lieutenant, receiving promotion to lieutenant on 1 September

masks:
Mohammad Siddiq Choudri
HMS


title: HMS Choudri

texts:
 and Commodore Choudhri's nomination papers being approved by Prime Minister Ali Khan also in 1951, his appointment as navy's first native commander-in-chief came only in effect in 1953 with the crucial help provided from the army's Commander-in-Chief General Ayub Khan. He was promoted as rear admiral and assumed the command of the navy with an objective of expanding navy's resources and infrastructure.In 1951, Admiral <mask> decided to built the submarines and warships at the Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works, relaying his plans to the Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Finance, but was told by the civilian planners that the "second-hand ships from the United Kingdom would be better off for Pakistan", that eventually led the Navy to rely on the obsolete vessels that had to be acquire from the United Kingdom. From 1953–56, he bitterly negotiated with the U.S. Navy and Royal Navy over the acquisition of warship and made several unsuccessful attempts for the procurement of submarines imported from the United States. In 1954, he convinced the U.S. government to provide monetary support for modernization of aging O–class destroyers and minesweepers, while commissioning the Ch–class destroyers from British Navy. In 1955, Admiral Choudhri cancelled and disbanded the British military tradition in the navy when the U.S. Navy's advisers were dispatched to the Pakistani military. British military tradition were only kept in the air force due to being under its British commander and major staff consisting of Royal Air Force officers. Despite initiatives, the Admiralty's influence slowly vanished from the navy until the native officers were educated and promoted to flag ranks to replace the Royal Navy's officers

In 1956, Admiral Choudhri sent recommendations for the construction of the seaport in


title: Ken Mehlman

texts:
<mask> (born August 21, 1966) is an American social entrepreneur and businessman. He serves as a member, global head of public affairs, and co-head of KKR global impact at investment firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts. He oversees the firm's responsible investment efforts, leading the firm's Environmental Social Governance programs. Prior to joining KKR, Mehlman spent a year as an attorney and partner at law firm Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld. In January 2017, <mask> announced that he would act as chairman of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Policy Advisory Board. <mask> held several national posts in the Republican Party and the George W. Bush administration. In 2000, he was appointed director of the White House Office of Political Affairs.Mehlman managed Bush's 2004 re-election campaign, and was 62nd Chairman of the Republican National Committee from 2005 to 2007. In 2007, Bush appointed Mehlman to a five-year term on the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Council. In 2010, <mask> came out as gay in an interview with journalist Marc Ambinder, which made him one of the few prominent openly-gay figures in the Republican Party. He told Ambinder that he was aware that the Republican Party emphasized an anti-gay agenda but felt that he could not "go against the party consensus" when he held leadership positions. After coming out, Mehlman advocated for the recognition of same-sex marriage. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Baltimore, Maryland.He is one of two sons born to Judith and <mask>. His father was director of MuniMae and a former partner at KPMG, for which he was the head of the firm's auditing department in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. <mask>'s brother, Bruce, works as a lobbyist at Mehlman Vogel Castagnetti. <mask> received his undergraduate degree in 1988 from Franklin and Marshall College in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where he became a member of Phi Kappa Tau's Xi chapter. He received his  J.D. from Harvard Law School in 1991, where he was a classmate of future President Barack Obama. Career
Mehlman practiced environmental law at Akin Gump

masks:
Kenneth Brian Mehlman
Mehlman
Mehlman
Mehlman
Mehlman
Arthur Mehlman
Mehlman
Mehlman


title: Ken Mehlman

texts: Strauss Hauer & Feld in Washington, D.C. from 1991 to 1994, when he became legislative director to Representative Lamar S. Smith of Texas's 21st congressional district.<mask> served as Smith's legislative director from 1994 to 1996, and then as chief of staff to Representative Kay Granger of Texas's 12th congressional district from 1996 to 1999. Mehlman served as field director for the 2000 presidential campaign of George W. Bush. When Bush became president, <mask> became director of the White House Office of Political Affairs. He managed the Bush re-election campaign in 2004. In January 2005, the American Association of Political Consultants gave Mehlman the "Campaign Manager of the Year" award for his management of the Bush/Cheney presidential ticket. <mask> joined Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co in 2008. As of 2021, he continues to be KKR's Global Head of Public Affairs and co-head of KKR Global Impact, helping assess and improve the companies in which KKR invests by engaging stakeholders & leveraging geopolitical & public policy trends.Mehlman also oversees the firm's global external affairs, including corporate marketing, regulatory affairs & public policy, and communications. Mehlman leads KKR's Environmental Social Governance (ESG) programs for the firm and its portfolio companies. In addition to his role at KKR, <mask> is a trustee of New York's Mount Sinai Hospital, Franklin & Marshall College, and Teach for America. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, serves as chairman of the American Investment Council (previously the Private Equity Growth Capital Council), and is co-Chairman of the American Enterprise Institute's National Council. He is also a trustee and board member of Sponsors for Educational Opportunity (SEO). <mask> was appointed to the board of directors of the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board in June, 2016. On January 10, 2017, Mark Zuckerberg announced on Facebook that <mask> and David Plouffe would be joining the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.<mask> will chair the philanthropy's public policy advisory board,

masks: Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman


title: Ken Mehlman

texts:
 which he stated in his official Facebook post will consist of "a diverse group of advisors and experts." On March 4, 2021, <mask> was elected to the board of directors of the United Negro College Fund (UNCF). Republican National Committee chairmanship
<mask> was Bush's choice to replace Ed Gillespie as the chair of the Republican National Committee and was elected to the post on January 19, 2005. Mehlman announced after the November 2006 general election that he would not seek re-election to another term as Republican National Chairman. One of his top deputies, RNC political Director Michael DuHaime, announced in December 2006 that he would become campaign manager for Rudy Giuliani's 2008 presidential campaign. Mehlman addressed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) a full year before Bush addressed  the civil rights organization. In his address to the NAACP on July 14, 2005 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Mehlman apologized for his party's failure to reach out to the black community in the aftermath of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, stating, "Some Republicans gave up on winning the African-American vote, looking the other way or trying to benefit politically from racial polarization...I am here as Republican chairman to tell you we were wrong." Although <mask>'s speech seemed to suggest a new approach towards the African-American community, most have considered the approach to be unsuccessful, with several polls indicating that Republicans have not improved in terms of African-American approval. A Washington Post poll shows that Bush's approval rating among African Americans fell to two percent at one point, and a report card issued by the NAACP gave "F's" to a majority of Republicans in the 109th Congress. As the head of the RNC, Mehlman played a key role, along with Karl Rove, in executing the Republican Party's long-term, yet ultimately unsuccessful, plan for electoral dominance. This is discussed at length in Peter Wallsten and Tom Hamburger's book, One Party Country. <mask> voluntarily stepped down as chairman of the RNC

masks: Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman


title: Ken Mehlman

texts:
 of the RNC (although reports said that his resignation had been expected for some time). Almost four years later, in an article in The Atlantic, Mehlman stated that he is in fact gay, and that he planned to be an advocate for legalizing same-sex marriage. According to the New York Times, Mehlman's "announcement makes him apparently the most prominent Republican official to come out."This disclosure followed years of him avoiding and denying inquiries about his sexual orientation. During his RNC chairmanship, Mehlman supported certain positions of the Republican Party, including opposition to same-sex marriage. Mehlman stated he could not have gone against party consensus, but acknowledged that, had he come out of the closet earlier, he might have been able to impact Republican efforts to pass state initiatives and referenda banning same-sex marriage. Reactions
Marc Ambinder, who interviewed Mehlman and wrote The Atlantic article, said that Mehlman's roles with the RNC and the Bush campaign "coincided with the Republican Party's attempts to exploit anti-gay prejudices and cement the allegiance of social conservatives". A few commentators, such as Cenk Uygur and Michael Rogers, criticized Mehlman on The Ed Show, for having remained closeted about his sexuality while active in politics. Rogers has long advocated for the forced outing of closeted gay politicians who vote or advocate against LGBT interests. Some segments of the LGBT community expressed support for Mehlman.Dustin Lance Black, the Academy Award-winning writer of Milk, said, "<mask> represents an incredible coup for the American Foundation for Equal Rights ... As a victorious former presidential campaign manager and head of the Republican Party, <mask> has the proven experience and expertise to help us communicate with people across each of the 50 states." Stephen Petrow, former president of the National Lesbian & Gay Journalists Association, wrote in a Huffington Post column, "... the 43-year old Mehlman found the courage to be honest about his identity with family,  friends, former

masks: Ken Ken


title: Ken Mehlman

texts:
 colleagues and current colleagues [who have] been wonderful and supportive." Gay & Lesbian Victory Fund President and CEO Chuck Wolfe said in a public statement, "We hope the fact that <mask>man has reached this level of honesty will now encourage other political leaders to reject divisive anti-gay campaign tactics..."

Equal rights advocacy

Support for same-sex marriage
In June 2011, Mehlman lobbied Republican members of the New York state legislature to support the legalization of same-sex marriage in New York and reached out to conservative donors and operatives. Mehlman often spoke with undecided GOP senators, including three of the four who eventually voted in favor of the bill. Mehlman, who gained the support of many gay-rights backers, discussed the political and ideological reasons why lawmakers should vote for the bill. He said, "Letting two adults who love each other get married strengthens and promotes families." Mehlman told GOP senators that legalizing same-sex marriage aligned with Republican interests and principles.He emphasized that polls showed a significant shift toward voter support of same-sex marriage. Four Republican senators voted for the Marriage Equality Act. Several gay rights leaders and bloggers recognized Mehlman's role. <mask> was honored in Out Magazine 2011's Out100 list partially because of his work on the campaign. Mehlman has been active in Maryland, New Hampshire and Washington State, helping to raise almost $3 million for these campaigns between August 2010 (when he came out) and March 2012. He continued to campaign for same-sex marriage, before United States v. Windsor, the 2013 United States Supreme Court decision which held that same-sex marriage is constitutional, by aiming to show GOP leaders why same-sex marriage "is consistent with Republican and conservative principles", and speaking on that topic throughout the country. In January 2013, also before United States v. Windsor, Mehlman spoke with political activist David Kochel in Iowa about how supporting same-sex marriage is a conservative value.He stated

masks:
Ken Mehl
Mehlman


title: Ken Mehlman

texts: that, "I'm a conservative because I believe in more freedom and I believe in less government. I think that we are endowed by our Creator, not by politicians, not by government, not by bureaucrats, with inalienable rights, including the pursuit of happiness. If you believe that, what could be more central to the pursuit of happiness than choosing the person that you love, that you have the right to marry?" In February 2013, Mehlman helped organize an amicus curiae brief to the Supreme Court in the case of California Proposition 8 signed by dozens of prominent socially moderate Republicans, including Jon Huntsman, Jr., Meg Whitman, <mask>, Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, and others, explaining that they supported a Constitutional right to same-sex marriage. According to the New York Times, <mask>man spent "months in quiet conversations with fellow Republicans to gather signatures for the brief." "We are trying to say to the court that we are judicial and political conservatives, and it is consistent with our values and philosophy for you to overturn Proposition 8," said <mask>man according to the New York Times report. In November 2013, Mehlman launched a non-profit organization called Project Right Side  focused on convincing more Republicans to support marriage equality.The organization also conducts research and analysis in an effort to improve political conditions for LGBTQ issues. He stated that "Conservatives don't need to change core convictions to embrace the growing support for equal rights for gay Americans. It is sufficient to recognize the inherent conservatism in citizens' desire to marry, to be judged on their work, and not to be singled out for higher taxes or bullying at school. These objectives can be achieved while also protecting religious liberty, as demonstrated by states enacting civil marriage with exemptions for religious institutions." In February 2014, Mehlman was a keynote speaker at the first campus-wide Harvard LGTBQ conference on the 45th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots where he was interviewed by Baruch Shemtov. He spoke during

masks:
Ken Duberstein
Ken Mehl
Ken Mehl


title: Ken Mehlman

texts:
 the closing remarks of the conference, stating "there's nothing more powerful than coming out and being who you are." Don't Ask, Don't Tell legislation
Mehlman supported the repeal of the  "Don't ask, don't tell" military policy introduced during President Bill Clinton's tenure.In 2010, Mehlman lobbied ten U.S. Senators to repeal the policy. Workplace discrimination
<mask> has also worked on LGBTQ non-discrimination issues. He actively helped Congressional leaders pass the Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA) in the Senate in 2013. In July 2019, Mehlman filed an amicus brief, joined by close to three dozen other Republican leaders, arguing in support of the rights of LGBT people in the workplace. The brief argued that the Civil Rights Act of 1964 explicitly prohibits discrimination against gay men, lesbians and transgender people in the workplace due to language in the law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex. In addition, Mehlman wrote an op-ed for The New York Times outlining his reasons for believing that the fight for gay rights upholds the Republican values of economic freedom and personal liberty.In the piece, Mehlman writes that firing an employee because of their sexual orientation or gender identity is "... unethical and un-American, and the Supreme Court has the opportunity to read the clear language of Title VII [of the Civil Rights Act] and affirm that it is illegal." Personal life
Mehlman is Jewish and lives in New York City. References

External links
 Official website of <mask>man
 <mask>'s KKR corporate biography

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1966 births
American campaign managers
Businesspeople from Baltimore
Franklin & Marshall College alumni
Gay politicians
Harvard Law School alumni
Jewish American government officials
LGBT appointed officials in the United States
LGBT conservatism in the United States
LGBT Jews
LGBT people from Maryland
Lawyers from Baltimore
Living people
Maryland Republicans
New York (state) Republicans
Republican National Committee chairs
United States presidential advisors
Lawyers from Washington,

masks:
Mehlman
Ken Mehl
Ken Mehlman


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
<mask> (born September 9, 1987) is an American football free safety for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Rice Owls, and was signed by the Sacramento Mountain Lions of The United Football League as a free agent in 2010. <mask> has also been a member of the Dallas Cowboys, New York Jets, Philadelphia Eagles, Minnesota Vikings, and Cleveland Browns. Early years
<mask> is a 2006 graduate of Smithson Valley High School in Spring Branch, northeast of San Antonio, Texas. He was a two-time All-San Antonio area selection for coach Larry Hill. Also a two-time honorable mention All-State pick, and a two-time All-District 26-5A honoree. As a senior, he had 75 tackles (3 for loss), four interceptions, eight pass deflections, one forced and one fumble recovery, helping lead the Rangers to a 13-2 record and the Class 5A semifinals.He was named Comal County defensive player of the year for his  senior season efforts. He was also a regional finalist and academic All-district. Sendejo selected Rice over Tulane, Army, North Texas, Northwestern and New Mexico. In addition to football, Sendejo also lettered in soccer, where he was twice a second team All-district selection and academic All-district pick, helping Smithson Valley to the district and bi-district championships. He also participated in track & field for the Rangers; at the 2004 District 27-5A Championships, he placed third in the 400-meter dash (52.80 seconds), sixth in the triple jump (12.04m or 39'4") and fifth in the pole vault (3.53m or 11'6"). As a junior in 2005, he

masks:
Andrew Victor Sendejo
Sendejo
Sendejo


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 posted a personal-best time of 52.02 seconds in the 400-meter dash at the Texas State High School Invitational. College career
At Rice, <mask> saw his senior season come to an early conclusion after suffering a severe high ankle sprain at East Carolina that required surgery.He was a Preseason All C-USA pick by conference coaches and a three-year starter who opened the season as the national leader among active players in solo tackles and also ranked in the top 10 among active players in career total tackles, career interceptions and interception returns for touchdowns. He was a Second team All C-USA preseason selection by the media in a poll conducted by the New Orleans Times-Picayune. He also earned an Honorable Mention All C-USA honors from league coaches even with a shortened senior season, and was named one of 12 finalist for the 2009 Wuerffel Trophy, which honors the college football player who best combines exemplary community service with outstanding academic and athletic achievement. He was a three-time ESPN The Magazine District VI academic honoree as well as a three-time C-USA All Academic Football team with a 3.55 GPA in sports management. 2006 season

A starter from the first whistle of the season who went on to earn honorable mention freshman All-American recognition from The Sporting News and C-USA all-freshman honors from the media, Sendejo made 10 starts on the season in 11 played games, missing just the UAB game with an injury. He finished fifth on the team with 49 total tackles from the Spur position, tied for fourth on the squad with seven tackles for loss and


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 was second on the team by forcing three fumbles. He forced one fumble and recovered a second to set up a touchdown for the Owls against Tulsa.He opened the season with a 13-yard sack of Kevin Kolb of Houston and closed it with a seven-yard sack of Justin Willis of SMU. 2007 season

As a sophomore in 2007, <mask> led the team with 107 tackles and five interceptions. His five interceptions were the most by an Owl since Dan Dawson tied the school record with seven in 2000 and match the third-best total by an Owl in a season. He earned honorable mention All C-USA honors by the coaches and third-team All conference mention by Phil Steele. Also named Academic All-Conference and All-District VI for his work in the classroom as well. He closed the season strongly, registering back-to-back double figure tackle efforts against Tulane (11) and Tulsa (13). He posted four double figure games on the season, including a career-best 18-tackle day at Marshall, the most by an Owl since Jeff Vanover was credited with 18 against SMU in 2001.He was named C-USA Defensive Player of the Week against Southern Miss after picking off a pair of passes, forcing a fumble, and registering seven tackles, becoming the first Owl to pick off more than one pass in a game since Dan Dawson picked off three vs. Hawaii back in 2000. He was credited with eight tackles, shared a tackle for loss, forced and recovered a fumble and broke up a pass at Houston. He returned his interception against SMU 31 yards for a score for his first career touchdown. 2008 season

<mask> was an honorable mention All C-USA pick by the

masks: Sendejo Sendejo


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 coaches, second team pick by the Houston Chronicle, while Phil Steele placed him on his first-team, All-conference unit. He led the Owls with 94 total tackles despite missing nearly three full games with a high ankle sprain. He also totaled 89 yards in returns, bringing back an interception 55 yards for a touchdown and returning a fumble 34 yards to set up a second score. That interception return was his second of his career for a score, with both coming against SMU.He was fifth in C-USA stats with 8.55 tackles per game (51st nationally) and 22nd in NCAA stats with 5.4 solo tackles per game. He opened the year by earning C-USA Defensive Player of the Week honors for his game vs. SMU. He had back-to-back 13-tackle efforts at Memphis and Vanderbilt, then was credited with a season-high 17 tackles at Texas, one shy of his career-high of 18 set in 2007 at Marshall. He saw his streak of double-figure tackle games end at three when he was credited for three stops against North Texas. In that game, he made his debut as the Owls' punt returner, fielding a pair for no gain, then returned his third for a gain of 21- He got injured early in the Tulsa game and did not record a tackle. He missed the Southern Miss game, breaking a streak of 24 consecutive games played (23 starts). He also missed the Tulane game, and then returned to action against UTEP and led the Owls with eight tackles.He closed out the regular season by recording his fifth double-figure tackle game of the year with 13 vs. Houston. It was his ninth career double-figure tackle game. 2009 season

As a senior, <mask> was named


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 but did not receive any further interest from the team. Sacramento Mountain Lions
On August 20, 2010, it was reported that Sendejo signed a contract with the Sacramento Mountain Lions of the United Football League (UFL). He started at safety for the Mountain Lions and finished the 2010 UFL season with 48 combined tackles (31 solo), seven pass breakups, and two interceptions in eight games and eight starts. He tied for the second most tackles in the league during the 2010 season and led the Mountain Lions in total tackles and interceptions. Dallas Cowboys

2010
On November 24, 2010, the Dallas Cowboys signed <mask> to a two-year, $725,000 contract to join their practice squad as an unrestricted free agent. On November 29, 2010, <mask> was promoted to the active roster.On December 12, 2010, <mask> made his NFL debut during a 30–27 loss against the Philadelphia Eagles. On December 19, 2010, Sendejo recorded his first career tackle on kick returner Brandon Banks during a 33–30 victory against the Washington Redskins. <mask> and teammate Sam Hurd tackled Banks on a 22-yard kick return in the second quarter. He finished his rookie season with one tackle in two games. 2011
Throughout training camp, Sendejo competed for a roster spot as a backup safety against Collin Zych and Danny McCray. On September 3, 2011, the Dallas Cowboys waived <mask> as part of their final roster cuts. New York Jets
On September 4, 2011, the New York Jets claimed <mask> off of waivers and signed him to their active roster.His signing was marred in minor controversy as it was speculated the New York Jets signed

masks: Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 him in a bid to gain intelligence of the Dallas Cowboys' defense. At the time, the New York Jets' head coach was Rex Ryan and his twin brother, Rob Ryan, was the Dallas Cowboys' defensive coordinator. Cowboys' quarterback Tony Romo stated during a press conference that Rob Ryan had made minor adjustments to the defense to prevent any information to possibly be passed on to the Jets. On September 13, 2011, the New York Jets waived <mask>. The following day, <mask> was signed to the Jets' practice squad after clearing waivers. On September 27, 2011, the Jets released <mask> from their practice squad. After his release, Sendejo verified that the Jets coaching staff had in fact asked him about the Dallas Cowboys' defense, but mainly asked him to verify some tendencies.Minnesota Vikings
On November 29, 2011, the Minnesota Vikings signed <mask> to a two-year, $900,000 contract. On December 11, 2011, <mask> made his Minnesota Vikings' debut and recorded one solo tackle during their 34–28 loss at the Detroit Lions in Week 14. He was inactive as a healthy scratch the following week before appearing in the last two regular season games. He finished the 2011 season with three combined tackles (two solo) in three games and zero starts. 2012
<mask> entered training camp and competed for a roster spot as a backup safety against Jamarca Sanford, Robert Blanton, and Eric Frampton. Head coach Leslie Frazier named <mask> the third strong safety on the depth chart to begin the regular season, behind rookie Harrison Smith and Jamarca Sanford. He was inactive for the Minnesota Vikings'

masks: Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 season-opening 26–23 victory against the Jacksonville Jaguars after sustaining an ankle injury during the preseason.He missed another two games (Weeks 4–5) after aggravating his ankle injury. In Week 7, he made a solo tackle on Patrick Peterson during a five-yard punt return in the third quarter of a 21–14 win against the Arizona Cardinals. <mask> played primarily on special teams in 2012 and finished the season with six solo tackles in 13 games and zero starts. The Minnesota Vikings finished second in the NFC North with a 10-6 record and earned a wildcard berth. On January 5, 2013, <mask> appeared in his first career playoff game and recorded a season-high two combined tackles during a 24–10 loss at the Green Bay Packers in the NFC Wildcard Game. 2013
Sendejo became an exclusive rights free agent in 2013 and was required to re-sign with the Vikings if he was offered a contract. On March 15, 2013, the Minnesota Vikings signed Sendejo to a one-year, $630,000 contract for the
required veteran league minimum.Throughout training camp, Sendejo competed to be the starting strong safety against Mistral Raymond, Robert Blanton, Jamarca Sanford, Brandan Bishop, and Darius Eubanks. Head coach Leslie Frazier officially named <mask> a backup strong safety, behind Jamarca Sanford and Mistral Raymond, to start the regular season. On September 19, 2013, the Minnesota Vikings signed <mask> to a two-year, $2 million contract extension that includes $400,000 guaranteed and a signing bonus $200,000. On September 29, 2013, <mask> earned his first career start in place of Jamarca Sanford, who was

masks: Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 inactive due to a hamstring injury. <mask> recorded four solo tackles in a 34–27 victory against the Pittsburgh Steelers in London during their Week 4 contest. In Week 7, <mask> made his first start at free safety and recorded six combined tackles during a 23–7 loss at the New York Giants. He started nine consecutive games at free safety (Weeks 7–15) after Harrison Smtih was placed on injured reserve/designation to return due to a turf toe injury.On November 7, 2013, he collected a career-high 16 combined tackles (eight solo) in the Vikings' 34–27 victory against the Washington Redskins in Week 10. The following week, <mask> had 11 combined tackles (six solo) during a 41–20 loss at the Seattle Seahawks in Week 11. On December 8, 2013, Sendejo recorded three combined tackles, two pass deflections, and made his first career interception in a 29–26 loss to the Baltimore Ravens. He intercepted a pass by quarterback Joe Flacco that was originally intended for tight end Ed Dickson in the fourth quarter. He finished 2013 with a career-high 84 combined tackles (52 solo), two pass deflections, and an interception in 16 games and ten starts. On December 30, 2013, the Minnesota Vikings fired head coach Leslie Frazier after they finished fourth in the NFC North with a 5–10–1 record. 2014
On August 4, 2014, the Minnesota Vikings activated <mask> off of their physically unable to perform list after he fully recovered from back surgery he underwent in April.He competed against Robert Blanton and Antone Exum to be the starting strong safety. Head coach Mike Zimmer named <mask> the backup free


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 safety, behind Harrison Smith, to start the 2014 regular season. In Week 15, he started in place of Blanton, who was unable to play due to a leg injury. <mask> recorded six combined tackles, in Blanton's absence, as the Vikings lost 16–14 at the Detroit Lions. Defensive coordinator George Edwards chose to keep <mask> as the starting strong safety for the remaining two games (Weeks 16–17), although Blanton had recovered from his leg injury. On December 28, 2014, <mask> collected a season-high nine combined tackles during a 13–9 win against the Chicago Bears in Week 17. He finished the season with 27 combined tackles (20 solo) and a forced fumble in 16 games and three starts.2015
During training camp, Sendejo competed against Robert Blanton, Antone Exum, and Anthony Harris to retain the job as the starting strong safety. Head coach Mike Zimmer named <mask> the starting strong safety to start the regular season, opposite free safety Harrison Smith. He started in the Minnesota Vikings' season-opener at the San Francisco 49ers and made three solo tackles and blocked a field goal in their 20–3 loss. On the 49ers' opening drive, Sendejo blocked a 28-yard field goal attempt by kicker Phil Dawson and it was recovered by teammate Marcus Sherels at the Vikings' 44-yard line. He was sidelined for the Vikings' Week 4 loss at the Denver Broncos due to a knee injury. On November 8, 2015, <mask> collected seven combined tackles, a pass deflection, and was credited with half a sack to mark the first of his career during a 21–18 overtime victory against the St. Louis Rams in Week 9. He sacked


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 quarterback Nick Foles for an eight-yard loss with teammate Linval Joseph in the third quarter.<mask> aggravated his knee injury and was inactive for two more games (Weeks 13–14). In Week 16, he made three solo tackles, a pass deflection, and intercepted a pass by Eli Manning during a 49–17 win against the New York Giants. On January 3, 2016, <mask> collected a season-high 14 combined tackles (nine solo) in the Vikings' 20–13 win against the Green Bay Packers in Week 17. He finished the 2015 season with 74 combined tackles (58 solo), three passes defensed, and one interception in 13 games and 13 starts. He ranked 78th among the 88 qualified safeties in 2015 from Pro Football Focus. The Minnesota Vikings finished the 2015 season first in the NFC North with an 11–5 record and earned a playoff berth. On January 10, 2016, <mask> started his first career playoff game and made three solo tackles and a pass deflection during the Vikings' 10–9 loss to the Seattle Seahawks in the NFC Wildcard Game.2016
On March 5, 2016, the Minnesota Vikings signed <mask> to a four-year, $16 million contract that includes $3.95 million guaranteed. On September 18, 2016, <mask> collected a season-high 11 combined tackles (nine solo) during a 17–14 against the Green Bay Packers in Week 2. In Week 5, he made six combined tackles, a pass deflection, and an interception in the Vikings' 31–13 win against the Houston Texans. The following game, <mask> deflected a pass and made an interception during a 21–10 loss at the Philadelphia Eagles in Week 7. He was inactive for the Vikings' Week 8 loss at the Chicago


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 Bears after injuring his ankle the previous week. On December 31, 2016, the Minnesota Vikings placed <mask> on injured reserve due to a knee injury he sustained in practice. Sendejo finished the 2016 season with 69 combined tackles (45 solo), four pass deflections, two fumble recoveries, two interceptions, and was credited with half a sack in 14 games and 14 starts.Sendejo earned an overall grade of 78.6 from Pro Football Focus in 2016. 2017
Sendejo entered training camp slated as the starting strong safety. Head coach Mike Zimmer officially named <mask> and Harrison Smith the starting safety duo to begin the 2017 regular season. On September 24, 2017, Sendejo recorded five combined tackles, two pass deflections, and intercepted a pass attempt by quarterback Jameis Winston in the Vikings' 34–17 victory against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. The following week, he collected a season-high 11 combined tackles (five solo) during a 14–7 loss to the Detroit Lions in Week 4. He was inactive during a Week 6 win against the Green Bay Packers due to a groin injury. In Week 7, Sendejo accidentally delivered a helmet-to-helmet hit while tackling wide receiver Mike Wallace which caused Wallace to exit the game a due to a concussion.The next day, <mask> was suspended one game for violating the league's player safety rules. On December 10, 2017, Sendejo recorded nine combined tackles, deflected a pass, and made an interception off a pass by Cam Newton in a 31–24 loss at the Carolina Panthers. He completed the 2017 season with 80 combined tackles (54 solo), seven passes defensed, and two

masks: Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 interceptions in 13 games and 13 starts. Pro Football Focus gave Sendejo an overall grade of 86.8, which ranked 11th among all qualified safeties in 2017. The Minnesota Vikings finished atop of their division with a 13–3 record and earned a first round bye. On January 10, 2018, <mask> collected four solo tackles, deflected two passes, and made an interception during Minnesota's to 29–24 comeback victory against the New Orleans Saints in the NFC Divisional Round. He intercepted a pass attempt thrown by quarterback Drew Brees in the first quarter that was originally intended for wide receiver Ted Ginn Jr.The following week, Sendejo collected four solo tackles as the Minnesota Vikings were routed 38–7 by the Philadelphia Eagles in the NFC Championship Game. 2018
In 2018, <mask> started the first five games before suffering a groin injury in Week 5 against the Philadelphia Eagles. He was inactive the next six games before being placed on injured reserve on November 27, 2018. On March 11, 2019, the Vikings declined the option on <mask>'s contract, making him an unrestricted free agent. Philadelphia Eagles
On March 18, 2019, the Philadelphia Eagles signed <mask> to a one-year contract. In week 2 against the Atlanta Falcons, he recorded his second career sack on Matt Ryan in the 24-20 loss. In week 6 against the Minnesota Vikings, he recorded an interception off former teammate Kirk Cousins in the 38-20 loss.He was waived on November 5, 2019. Minnesota Vikings (second stint)
On November 6, 2019, <mask> was claimed off waivers by the Minnesota Vikings. In <mask>'s first game back with


title: Andrew Sendejo

texts:
 the Vikings, he recorded a team high 7 tackles and intercepted a pass thrown by Brandon Allen in the 27–23 comeback win over the Denver Broncos in week 11. In week 14 against the Detroit Lions, Sendejo intercepted a pass thrown by rookie quarterback David Blough late in the fourth quarter to seal a 20–7 Vikings win. Cleveland Browns
On March 27, 2020, <mask> signed a one-year contract with the Cleveland Browns. He was placed on the reserve/COVID-19 list by the team on December 29, 2020, and activated on January 7, 2021. Indianapolis Colts
On September 14, 2021, <mask> was signed by the Indianapolis Colts.Career statistics

Personal life
<mask> is of Mexican descent. He earned a degree in sports management from Rice. References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Minnesota Vikings bio
Rice Owls bio
Vikings: <mask>o takes long, winding road to starting lineup

1987 births
Living people
People from Bulverde, Texas
Players of American football from San Antonio
American sportspeople of Mexican descent
American football safeties
Rice Owls football players
Sacramento Mountain Lions players
Dallas Cowboys players
New York Jets players
Minnesota Vikings players
Philadelphia Eagles players
Cleveland Browns players
Indianapolis Colts

masks:
Sendejo
Sendejo
Sendejo
Andrew Sendej


title: Noble Drew Ali

texts:
<mask>, better known as <mask> (January 8, 1886 – July 20, 1929), was an American who founded the Moorish Science Temple of America. Considered a prophet by his followers, in 1913 he founded the Canaanite Temple in Newark, New Jersey, before relocating to Chicago, where he gained a following of thousands of converts. Following the murder of a rival Moorish Science Temple leader, <mask> was arrested (but never charged) and sent to jail; he died in 1929 shortly after being released. Early life
Several details of <mask>'s early life are uncertain, as true information became mixed with that of legend by his devout followers. He is believed to have been born <mask>, on January 8, 1886, in North Carolina. Sources differ as to his background and upbringing: one reports he was the orphaned son of two former slaves born in a Cherokee tribe, while another describes him as the son of John A<mask>uitman, military and political leader of the Cherokee (Coharie) Nation and Eliza Turner-Quitman full blooded Washitaw-Tunica mother. One version of his life, common among members of the Moorish Science Temple, holds that <mask> was raised by an abusive aunt, who once threw him into a furnace.This version holds that he left home at 16 and joined a band of Romani people who took him overseas to Egypt, and the Middle East. <mask> also reportedly worked as a circus magician, or a merchant seaman, before purportedly traveling to Egypt. He never received a formal education, but at some point came into contact with Eastern philosophy. In 2014, a

masks:
Timothy Drew
Noble Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Timothy Drew
. Drew Q
Drew
Drew Ali


title: Noble Drew Ali

texts:
 completely different understanding of <mask>'s early life was presented with the publication of an article in the online Journal of Race Ethnicity and Religion. The article presented newly compiled evidence, including census records, newspaper ads, newspaper articles, a World War I draft card, and street directory records, to link <mask> <mask> to one "<mask>," who was born on the same date as "<mask>" but originated from Virginia instead. Religious formation
<mask> reported that during his travels in Egypt, he met a high priest of Egyptian magic. In one version of <mask>'s biography, the leader saw him as a reincarnation of the founder.In others, he claims that the priest considered him a reincarnation of Jesus, the Buddha, Muhammad and other religious prophets. According to the biography, the high priest trained <mask> in mysticism and gave him a "lost section" of the Quran. This text came to be known as the Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America (not to be confused with the Islamic Quran). It is also known as the "Circle Seven Koran" because of its cover, which features a red "7" surrounded by a blue circle. The first 19 chapters are from The Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ, published in 1908 by esoteric Ohio preacher Levi Dowling. In The Aquarian Gospel, Dowling described Jesus's supposed travels in India, Egypt, and Palestine during the years of his life which are not accounted for by the New Testament. Chapters 20 through 45 are borrowed from the Rosicrucian work, Unto Thee I Grant, with minor changes

masks:
Drew Ali
Noble Drew
Ali
Thomas Drew
Timothy Drew
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Ali


title: Noble Drew Ali

texts:
 in style and wording.They are instructions on how to live, and the education and duties of adherents. <mask> wrote the last four chapters of the Circle Seven Koran himself. In these he wrote:

<mask> used this material to claim Jesus and his followers were Asiatic. ("Asiatic" was the term <mask> used for all dark or olive-colored people); he labeled whites as European, although he labeled whites who became a part of the MSTA as "Persians" or "Celts". He suggested that all Asiatics should be allied. <mask> believed that African Americans were all Moors, who he claimed were descended from the ancient Moabites (describing them as belonging to Northwest Africa as opposed to Moab as the name suggests). He claimed that Islam and its teachings are more beneficial to their earthly salvation, and that their 'true nature' had been 'withheld' from them.Male members of the Temple wear a fez or turban as head covering; women wear a turban. As <mask> began urging the "Moorish-Americans" to become better citizens, he made speeches like, "A Divine Warning By the Prophet for the Nations", in which he urged them to reject derogatory labels, such as "Black," "colored," and "Negro." He urged Americans of all races to reject hate and embrace love. He believed that Chicago would become a second Mecca. <mask> crafted Moorish Science ideology from a variety of sources, a "network of alternative spiritualities that focused on the power of the individual to bring about personal transformation through mystical knowledge of the divine within". In the

masks:
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali


title: Noble Drew Ali

texts:
 interwar period in Chicago and other major cities, he used these concepts to preach Moorish pride. His approach appealed to thousands of African Americans who had left severely oppressive conditions in the South through the Great Migration and faced struggles adapting in new urban environments.Founding the Moorish Science Temple

It is possible that <mask> did actually travel to Egypt and Morocco, but historians believe that after leaving North Carolina, he moved to Newark, New Jersey, where he worked as a train expressman. In 1913, <mask> formed the Canaanite Temple in Newark. <mask> and his followers migrated, while planting congregations in Philadelphia; Washington, D.C., and Detroit. Finally, <mask> settled in Chicago in 1925, saying the Midwest was "closer to Islam." The following year he officially registered Temple No. 9. There he instructed followers not to be confrontational but to build up their people to be respected.In this way, they might take their place in the United States of America by developing a cultural identity that was congruent with <mask>'s beliefs on personhood. In the late 1920s, journalists estimated the Moorish Science Temple had 35,000 members in 17 temples in cities across the Midwest and upper South. The ushers of the Temple wore black fezzes. The leader of a particular temple was known as a Grand Sheik, or Governor. <mask> <mask> was known to have had several wives. According to The Chicago Defender, he claimed the power to marry and divorce at will. The Moorish Science movement was

masks:
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Noble Drew
Ali