title: Attila Bartis

texts:
 Imre Goldstein in 2008. It was the first time his work had been translated into English. Goldstein's translation won the Best Translated Book Award (2009). For one year, <mask> wrote short stories in the feuilleton of magazine Élet és Irodalom, publishing one story each month. In 2005, he published A Lázár apokrifek, a collection of the twelve short stories he wrote for the magazine. In 2010, <mask> and poet István Kemény published a book, titled Amiről lehet, which features conversations from interviews they conducted of each other.In 2010, he published Tizenegy novella, an anthology consisting of eleven of <mask>' short stories, all of which were previously published in A kéklő pára and A Lázár apokrifek, with the exception of the story "Gyergyó éghajlata". In 2019, <mask> published Az eltűnt idő nyoma, a collection of diary entries and "sticky notes". In the early 2000s, <mask> spent time living abroad, with a DAAD scholarship in Berlin, Germany, and then Java, Indonesia for a while. His third novel, A vége, was published in 2015. It was partly written while he lived in Indonesia. <mask> has received several awards, including the 1997 , the 2002  and the 2005 Attila József Prize. In 2006, he was awarded A Magyar Köztársasági Érdemrend lovagkeresztje.In 2017, he became a member of the Széchenyi Academy of Literature and Arts. His books have been translated into English, Arabic, French, German, Chinese, Spanish, Portuguese, Turkish, Romanian, Polish, Czech, Croatian, Norwegian, Estonian, Serbian, Dutch, Italian, Slovak, Russian, Macedonian and Uyghur. Photography
As a photographer, his photographs have been exhibited in numerous exhibitions. <mask>' first breakthrough in photography was in 1996, when his Az Engelhard-hagyaték photography exhibit was exhibited

masks: Bartis Bartis Bartis Bartis Bartis Bartis Bartis


title: Attila Bartis

type: original

texts:
 at the Műcsarnok-Dorottya Galéria in Budapest. The exhibit featured portraits of writers which were paired with portraits of women and each of the twenty-four writers wrote a poem or short story for their respective female portrait. The exhibition was later a success at Literaturhaus in Frankfurt, Germany in 1999. Az Engelhard-hagyaték was also later exhibited at  in Warsaw in 2006.In 1998, his Photo Pygmalion exhibit was shown at Vintage Galéria in Budapest. In 2010, <mask> published a photo-book titled A csöndet úgy, featuring 365 low-resolution photos taken with a mobile phone from January 2005 to December 2008. In 2016, he published a photo-book, titled A világ leírása, részlet, with text by István Kemény. The photos were exhibited at Deák Erika Galéria in Budapest in 2016. In 2018, he published a photo-book, titled A szigeteken, with text by Katharina Narbutovič, Zsolt Petrányi and <mask> Szűcs. It was his largest photo-book to date, featuring photographs taken between 2014 and 2017, mostly in Java, around Yogyakarta in Indonesia. The photos were exhibited at Mai Manó Ház in Budapest in 2018.Dramas
<mask> adapted Tranquility into a dramatic play, titled Anyám, Kleopátra, which premiered at the National Theatre in Budapest in 2003. The play was directed by Dezső Garas and starred Dorottya Udvaros. <mask> made his debut as a theater director in 2016 and directed his play Rendezés at the National Theatre in Târgu Mureș, Romania. The drama commemorated the victims of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. It was also presented at the Comedy Theatre of Budapest in 2017. Personal life
<mask> has lived in Budapest since 1984, and has partly lived in Yogyakarta (Java, Indonesia) since 2014. He married in 1990.His daughter was born in 1990, and his son was born in

masks: Bartis Attila Bartis Bartis Bartis


title: Rory Singer

texts:
<mask> (born May 28, 1976) is an American mixed martial artist and Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Black Belt. Although <mask> had made a name for himself as a 185-pound prospect; his big break came after meeting the producers of TUF. They were filming Forrest Griffin at The HardCore Gym for his fight against Stephan Bonnar in the finals of season 1. Forrest went on to win Season 1 and <mask> was approached soon after to appear on Season 3. Mixed martial arts career

<mask> has a background in many different styles of fighting, being involved in martial arts since he was 11 years old. He was taught kickboxing by his brother and then added karate, Taekwondo, and other traditional martial arts. He wrestled in high school, and is a former local Golden Gloves and Muay Thai champion.<mask> is also a Black Belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. He is the co-owner of the noted MMA Gym SBG Athens along with his brother and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Black Belt <mask>. The HardCore Gym had produced such fighters as Forrest Griffin and Brian Bowles. <mask>'s MMA career includes fighting for several local organizations as well as the AFC, KOTC, PRIDE and the UFC. He gained fame from his appearance on Spike TV's series The Ultimate Fighter 3, making it to the semi-finals where he would lose to Ed Herman. After a 5-year break from MMA, <mask> was scheduled to fight Lodune Sincaid on September 26, 2014. However, Sincaid was pulled from the fight due to suspension by the California State Athletic Commission.<mask> currently resides in Athens, Georgia, where he coaches BJJ, MMA, and Youth Martial Arts for people of all walks of life. Personal life
<mask> married in August 2008. <mask> is Jewish. He attended the University of Georgia where he earned a degree in biological engineering.

masks:
Rory Michael Singer
Rory
Rory
Singer
Singer
Adam Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer


title: Kakinomoto no Hitomaro

texts:
<mask> no Hitomaro (柿本 人麻呂 or 柿本 人麿;  – ) was a Japanese waka poet and aristocrat of the late Asuka period. He was the most prominent of the poets included in the Man'yōshū, the oldest waka anthology, but apart from what can be gleaned from hints in the Man'yōshū, the details of his life are largely uncertain. He was born to the <mask>to clan, based in Yamato Province, probably in the 650s, and likely died in Iwami Province around 709. He served as court poet to Empress Jitō, creating many works praising the imperial family, and is best remembered for his elegies for various imperial princes. He also composed well-regarded travel poems. He is ranked as one of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals. Ōtomo no Yakamochi, the presumed compiler of the Man'yōshū, and Ki no Tsurayuki, the principal compiler of the Kokin Wakashū, praised Hitomaro as Sanshi no Mon (山柿の門) and Uta no Hijiri (歌の聖) respectively.From the Heian period on, he was often called Hito-maru (人丸). He has come to be revered as a god of poetry and scholarship, and is considered one of the four greatest poets in Japanese history, along with Fujiwara no Teika, Sōgi and Bashō. Life

Sources
The sole early source for the life of the poet <mask> no Hitomaro is the Man'yōshū. His name does not appear in any of the official court documents, perhaps on account of his low rank. Ancestry

Hitomaro was born into the <mask>to clan, an offshoot of the ancient . Centred in the northeastern part of the Nara Basin, the Wani clan had furnished many imperial consorts in the fourth through sixth centuries, and extended their influence from Yamato Province to Yamashiro, Ōmi, Tanba and Harima provinces. Many of their clan traditions (including genealogies, songs, and tales)

masks: Kakinomoto Kakinomo Kakinomoto Kakinomo


title: Kakinomoto no Hitomaro

texts:
 are preserved in the Nihon Shoki and, especially, the Kojiki.The Kakinomoto clan were headquartered in either Shinjō, Nara or, perhaps more likely, the Ichinomoto area of Tenri, Nara. The main Wani clan were also based in this area, so the Kakinomoto clan may have had a particularly close relationship with their parent clan. According to the Shinsen Shōjiroku, the clan's name derives from the persimmon (kaki) tree that grew on their land during the reign of Emperor Bidatsu. The Kakinomoto clan had their hereditary title promoted from Omi to Ason in the eleventh month (see Japanese calendar) of 684. According to the Nihon Shoki, <mask>to no Saru, the probable head of the clan, had been among ten people appointed , equivalent to Junior Fifth Rank, in the twelfth month of 681. These facts lead Watase to conjecture that the <mask>to clan may have had some literary success in the court of Emperor Tenmu. According to the Shoku Nihongi, Saru died in 708, having attained the Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade.There are several theories regarding the relationship of this <mask> no Saru to the poet Hitomaro, including the former being the latter's father, brother, uncle, or them being the same person. The theory that they were the same person has been advanced by Takeshi Umehara, but has little supporting evidence. While the other theories cannot be confirmed, it is certain that they were members of the same clan (probably close relatives), and were active at the same time. It is likely that their mutual activity at court had a significant effect on each other. Birth and early life
The year in which he was born is not known, nor can much be said with certainty about any aspects of his life beyond his poetic activities.

masks: Kakinomo Kakinomo Kakinomoto


title: Kakinomoto no Hitomaro

texts:
 Watase tentatively takes Hitomaro as being 21 years old (by Japanese reckoning) between 673 and 675, which would put his birth between 653 and 655. Emperor Tenmu's reign
The earliest dated work attributed to him in the Man'yōshū is his Tanabata poem (Man'yōshū 2033) composed in the ninth year of Emperor Tenmu's reign (680).The content of this poem reveals an awareness of the mythology that, according to the preface to the Kojiki (completed in 712) had begun to be compiled during Tenmu's reign. Watase also observes that Hitomaro's having composed a Tanabata poem means that he was probably attending Tanabata gatherings during this period. A significant number of poems in the Kakinomoto no Ason Hitomaro Kashū were apparently recorded by Hitomaro before 690, and are characteristic of court poetry, leading to the conclusion that he was active at court from the early part of Emperor Tenmu's reign. From this point he was active in recording and composing love poems at court. Watase speculates that Hitomaro came to court in the service of the  in response to an imperial edict in 673. Based on Hitomaro's poetic activities during Empress Jitō's reign, there are a few possibilities for where Hitomaro was serving at Tenmu's court. Watase presents three principal theories: first under the empress-consort Princess <mask>-no-sarara (who later became Empress Jitō); second under Crown Prince Kusakabe; third in the palace of Prince Osakabe.Reigns of Empress Jitō and Emperor Monmu

Hitomaro acted as a court poet during the reigns of Empress Jitō and Emperor Monmu. In the fourth month of 689, Prince Kusakabe died, and Hitomaro composed an elegy commemorating the prince. He also composed an elegy for Princess Asuka, who died


title: Frederic Austin

texts:
<mask> (30 March 187210 April 1952) was an English baritone singer, a musical teacher and composer in the period 1905–30. He is best remembered for his restoration and production of The Beggar's Opera by John Gay and Johann Christoph Pepusch, and its sequel, Polly, in 1920–23. <mask> was the older brother of the composer <mask> (1874–1947). The standard melody for the carol  "The Twelve Days of Christmas" was published by <mask> in 1909. He arranged a traditional folk melody, adding a two-bar motif for "Five gold rings". He also altered the lyric, adding "on" at the beginning of each verse. Training and early career
Born <mask> in Poplar, Middlesex on 30 March 1872 the son of William and <mask>, his father was a shirt tailor.<mask> was sent at the age of about 12 to live at Birkenhead, where he received organ and music lessons from his Uncle, Dr. W. H. Hunt, and had singing training from Charles Lunn. By 1896 he had obtained a B.Mus. from Durham University and was organist in several Birkenhead churches. He became a teacher of harmony, and later of composition, at Liverpool College of Music. At Liverpool he became close friends with the composer Cyril Scott, and through him was introduced to H. Balfour Gardiner, who became a lifelong friend. Through them he was received into the circle of young English composers known as the Frankfurt Group, and their friends. These included Scott, Gardiner, Norman O'Neill, Roger Quilter, Percy Grainger (owing to their training at the Hoch Conservatory) in Frankfurt and such friends as Ernest Bryson, Benjamin Dale, Gervase Elwes, Eugène Goossens, fils and Arnold Bax.This group, in which <mask> sometimes appeared, often performed each other's music in informal

masks:
Frederic William Austin
Austin
Ernest Austin
Austin
Frederick William Austin
Elizabeth Austin
Austin
Frederick Delius


title: Frederic Austin

texts:
 surroundings, and <mask> in particular used to improvise at the piano with Arnold Bax. In August 1900 he completed his first orchestral work, the concert Overture Richard II, which received its first performance on 12 December 1901 by the Bournemouth Municipal Orchestra under Dan Godfrey. In 1902, the year of his marriage to Amy Oliver, <mask> gave lessons in composition to Thomas Beecham, sang Tchaikovsky's "Pilgrim's Song" for a Henry Wood promenade concert, and was introduced to Hans Richter, for whom he later sang in Beethoven's Choral Symphony and Missa solemnis, and Bach's St Matthew Passion. In 1904 he moved to Pinner, sang under Felix Weingartner and at Wagner nights at the Prom Concerts, and took the name role in Mendelssohn's Elijah at Gloucester in the Three Choirs Festival. In June 1905 he took part in Beecham's London debut at the Bechstein Hall, in the first London performance of Scott's Ballad of Fair Helen of Kilconnell (dedicated to him). Recitals in London and the provinces
At the 1905 Sheffield Festival <mask> gave the final scena from Eugene Onegin, with Olga Wood (repeated 1911). At Hereford he appeared in Franck's Les Beatitudes, and introduced songs by Thomas Dunhill.His Queen's Hall performances included the Four Serious Songs of Brahms. His first major London recital (Aeolian Hall) with Hamilton Harty (piano) was on 3 April 1906, and he sang for the Philharmonic Society. For Weingartner he gave the Die Walküre finale with Agnes Nicholls, and at Queen's Hall the premiere of Balfour Gardiner's When the lad for longing sighs. In 1906 at Southport he took baritone roles in The Dream of Gerontius (beside John Coates) under the baton of the composer, Sir Edward Elgar. In April 1907

masks:
Austin
Austin
Frederic Austin


title: Frederic Austin

texts:
 he was at Reading, Berkshire, in Parry's De Profundis and Stanford's Elegiac Ode: at Hanley he gave the premiere of Havergal Brian's By the Waters of Babylon. In October, after Gerontius at Preston, he sang for Elgar in The Apostles at Birmingham. Henry Wood introduced <mask>'s symphonic composition Rhapsody: Spring, and engaged him to sing in two concerts, including that in which Delius's Piano Concerto in C minor was first given.<mask> met Delius that year, and also made a Covent Garden debut, a small role in Tannhäuser, for Richter. New work in opera and oratorio
1908 saw much oratorio, with Handel's Messiah (Wood, Queen's Hall), Gerontius (with Coates, Manchester, under Richter), Elgar's King Olaf (Norwich Festival), Judas in The Apostles (Liverpool), Bach's Phoebus and Pan (Queen's Hall), and Coleridge-Taylor's Hiawatha's Wedding Feast. His first Covent Garden lead appearance was Gunther (Götterdämmerung) in Richter's English Ring cycle, repeated three times in February 1909. Late in 1908 he and Cyril Scott gave a recital of Scott's songs at the Bechstein Hall. At the Sheffield Festival of 1908 he was exceptionally busy, with performances of Samson and Delilah, Schumann's Paradise and the Peri, Sir Walford Davies' Everyman, Beethoven's Choral Symphony, and Debussy's L'Enfant Prodigue, specially re-scored by the composer, and delivered under Henry Wood with <mask>, Agnes Nicholls, and the tenor Felix Senius. At this Festival also on 6 October he gave the English premiere (following the Essen, 1906, first) of Delius's Sea Drift. Wood chose <mask> as the only man "who could be trusted to sing it con amore".He sang it again in December, and in February 1909, for Beecham: Birmingham first heard it in

masks: Austin Austin Austin Austin


title: Frederic Austin

texts:
 1912. <mask> premiered Granville Bantock's Omar Khayyam Part III (Birmingham 1909), and in that year sang The Apostles (Judas) and Parry's Job at Hereford. At Liverpool in September 1909 was the first Festival of The Musical League, created by English composers for performance of their music; <mask>'s symphonic poem Isabella appeared, and he sang in Ethel Smyth's The Dance and Anacreontic Ode, Havergal Brian's By the Waters of Babylon, and Vaughan Williams’ cantata Willow-wood. Operatic work and expanding repertoire
In 1910 <mask> commenced his regular operatic career, appearing as Wotan and Wanderer, and doubling as Gunther, in the Edinburgh Denhof Opera Company Ring cycle under Michael Balling. He also appeared in two Ring cyles at Covent Garden. At Hereford he performed the traditional Festival-opening Elijah (and again in 1911), and gave the premiere of Bantock's Gethsemene, and in London repeated the Omar Khayyam. For the Philharmonic Society he gave songs by Ethel Smyth under her direction.In 1911 he was also singing concert performances of The Damnation of Faust (Berlioz) and Faust (Gounod), Dvořák choral works, Handel oratorios, Beethoven Missa solemnis, the Mozart Requiem, Brahms A German Requiem, Max Bruch's Frithjof and Lay of the Bell, Mendelssohn's St Paul and Die erste Walpurgisnacht, and many other works. In 1912 Beecham took the Denhof Ring cycle to Glasgow, Hull, Leeds, Liverpool and Manchester, and in these years <mask> also appeared with them in the first English Elektra (Richard Strauss), as Kunrad in Feuersnot, Dr Coppelius in The Tales of Hoffmann, Gratiano in Così fan tutte, Tomasso in Tiefland (Eugen d'Albert), Escamillo in Carmen and as Vanderdecken in The Flying Dutchman. In


title: Frederic Austin

texts:
 1913 the Denhof Company was wound up and reformed as the Beecham Company, and until around 1920 <mask> appeared for Beecham also as Wolfram (Tannhäuser), Iago (Otello), Ford (Falstaff), Hans Sachs (Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg), and in Madama Butterfly, La bohème, Pagliacci, Joseph Holbrooke's Dylan, and other works. English recital and drama
In the spring of 1912 was the first series of the Balfour Gardiner Queen's Hall Concerts, devoted to contemporary English music, which effectually transformed the acceptance and establishment of the English composers. In the fourth concert <mask> sang Scott's Helen of Kirconnell again, and gave the premiere of Norman O'Neill's La belle dame sans merci. Austin's own symphonic Rhapsody: Spring was also repeated, and in March 1913 his Symphony in E was first performed. In 1912 Austin delivered his own Three Songs of Unrest, and gave a serious lecture on the songs of Hugo Wolf.Before the War he was also singing in Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark. In 1914 at The Music Club in London he performed several songs of Arnold Schoenberg in the composer's presence. Roger Quilter dedicated his song The Jocund Dance (Op. 18, No. 3) to him, written 1913–14. From 1913 <mask> developed close connections with Rutland Boughton, and assisted in the development of the English music drama at Glastonbury. In the Summer Festivals of August 1914 and 1915 he sang the role of Eochaidh the King in The Immortal Hour there, and again at Bournemouth in 1915, with Frank Mullings and Percy Heming, and in 1916 was King Arthur in The Round Table.1916 also saw the first performance of his most lasting orchestral composition, Danish Sketches, Palsgaard, conducted by Thomas Beecham on 11

masks: Austin Austin Austin


title: Frederic Austin

texts:
 December for the Royal Philharmonic Society. Operatic farewell

<mask>'s last formal operatic performance was as Count Almaviva in The Marriage of Figaro for Beecham, at Covent Garden in 1920. Neville Cardus, who saw him in the role beside Agnes Nicholls and <mask>, wrote: "Nobody else has passed across the closing scene of the opera with half of <mask>'s grace of bearing and suggestion of courtly cynicism". The Beggar's Opera
The restoration of the musical score for The Beggar's Opera by John Gay and Dr Pepusch (originally produced in 1728) was undertaken by <mask> and completed in 1920 in time for the production by Nigel Playfair, with artistic designs by Claud Lovat Fraser, which opened at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith on 6 June 1920 and ran for a record number of 1,463 performances until 23 December 1923. <mask> preferred the simpler versions made by Pepusch to the edition prepared by Thomas Arne. He appeared as Peachum, with Elsie French, <mask> (Macheath), Sylvia Nelis (Polly) and others, conducted by Eugène Goossens. The entire venture received universal acclaim, and was performed in Paris, Canada, America and Australia.In 1922 <mask> revived the sequel, Polly. Recordings were made of the original cast production. Radio and recordings

<mask> composed music for a made-for-radio short drama, The Blacksmith's Serenade (based on a poem by Vachel Lindsay), which was aired by the British Broadcasting Company on 15 January 1924. He made recordings for both the Gramophone Company and the Columbia Graphophone Company. Directing and composition

In 1922 he became Artistic Director of the British National Opera Company, reformed out of Beecham's company, and in 1923 was elected a member of the Royal

masks:
Austin
Frederick Ranalow
Austin
Frederic Austin
Austin
Frederick Ranalow
Austin
Austin


title: Frederic Austin

texts:
 Philharmonic Society. In this way, and through his teaching, he continued to train and encourage English singers for many years more. He continued to compose theatre incidental music, notably for The Knight of the Burning Pestle (1923), The Insect Play (1923), Congreve's The Way of the World (1924), John Drinkwater's Robert Burns (1925), Vallombrossa (1926), and Prudence (1931).He wrote a cello sonata in 1927. In 1932 he made a last singing appearance in Alfred Reynolds’ Derby Day. He composed the music for the Ealing Studios film Undercover (1943), aka Underground Guerrillas (USA), The Insect Play (1939) (TV), The Knight of the Burning Pestle (1938) (TV), and for the movie Midshipman Easy (1935), aka Men of the Sea (USA: reissue title). Family life
He was married to Amy and they had a son and a daughter. <mask>'s son Richard (1903–89) was the chief conductor of the Bournemouth Municipal Orchestra (now the Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra) from 1934 until 1939, and became Head of the Opera Department of the Royal College of Music in 1953. <mask> died in a hospital in the Kensington area of London on 10 April 1952 aged 80. References

Sources
 N. Cardus, Autobiography (London: Collins, 1947).G. Davidson, Opera Biographies (London: Werner Laurie, 1955). R. Elkin, Royal Philharmonic (Rider & Co, 1946). V. Langfield, Roger Quilter, His Life and Music (Boydell, 2002)
 M. Lee-Browne, Nothing so charming as Musick! (London: Thames 1999)
 H. Wood, My Life of Music (London: Gollancz 1938)

External links

1872 births
1952 deaths
English operatic baritones
English composers
Alumni of Durham University
Hoch Conservatory alumni
Honorary Members of the Royal Philharmonic Society
Singers from London
People from

masks:
Frederic Austin
Austin


title: Stanley Ketchel

texts:
Stanisław Kiecal (September 14, 1886 – October 15, 1910), better known in the boxing world as <mask>, was an American professional boxer who became one of the greatest World Middleweight Champions in history. He was nicknamed "The Michigan Assassin." He was murdered at a ranch in Conway, Missouri, at the age of 24. Biography

He was born in 1886 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, to Tomasz Kiecal and Julia Kiecal (née Olbinska), whose family immigrated from the village of Sulmierzyce in Piotrków Trybunalski, Guberniya, in modern-day central Poland. He avoided school, instead falling in with a gang of street kids and often getting into fist fights. At twelve years old, he ran away from home, becoming a child hobo. As a teenager he lived in Butte, Montana, where he found employment first as a hotel bellhop and then as a bouncer.This profession obviously led to many scraps that established his reputation as the best fist fighter in town. Soon enough sixteen-year-old <mask> was performing in backroom boxing matches with older locals for twenty dollars a week. He began traveling throughout Montana, offering to take on any man brave enough to face him. Between 1903 and 1906, he lost just twice in thirty-nine contests and, in 1907, moved to California, where he knew most of boxing's big names and big fights waited for him. Professional boxing career
Only a middleweight, <mask> was also known for taking on heavyweights, who sometimes outweighed him by more than 30 pounds (14 kg). According to hearsay, before each of his fights, he would imagine that his opponent had insulted his mother, with whom he had a very close relationship; thus, his anger would motivate him to fight with fury. He started boxing professionally in 1903, at 16, in Butte, Montana.In his first fight, <mask> knocked out Kid Tracy in one round. In his second fight, he was beaten by decision in six rounds by Maurice

masks:
Stanley Ketchel
Stanley
Ketchel
Ketchel


title: Stanley Ketchel

texts:
 Thompson. He boxed his first 41 bouts in Montana, and had a record of 36 wins, two losses, and three draws during that span. He lost once more to Thompson in their rematch and then controversially drew with him in their rubber match, in a bout that many people thought <mask> had won. Afterwards, he went on to beat Tom Kingsley, among others, before moving his campaign on to California in 1907. There, he won three fights that year, and drew one in Marysville against the man many considered the World Middleweight Champion, Joe Thomas. In his next bout, Thomas and he had a rematch and Ketchel won, by knockout in 32 rounds.<mask> was then recognized by many as the World Middleweight Champion. He finished the year by beating Thomas again, this time by decision. Middleweight champion

On February 8, 1908, Ketchel met the man who was generally recognized as the World Welterweight Champion and one of the leading middleweights of the era, Mike "Twin" Sullivan, knocking him out in the first round and winning general recognition as World Middleweight Champion. Sullivan often fought above the welterweight limit, making him a light middleweight. Whether <mask> became world champion when he defeated Thomas or Mike Sullivan has always been up to debate, but the fact remains that Mike Sullivan and not Thomas is historically remembered as a world champion. He proceeded to retain the title against Mike's twin brother, Jack "Twin" Sullivan, also a former world champion, by a knockout in 20 rounds; against future world champion Billy Papke by decision in 10; against Hugo Kelly by a knockout in three and against Thomas, by a knockout in two. Then, he lost the belt to Papke by a knockout in 12, but Papke and he had an immediate rematch and <mask> regained the title when he beat Papke by a knockout in 11 in their third match.<mask> began 1909 by fighting former Light Heavyweight Champion

masks: Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel


title: Stanley Ketchel

texts:
 Philadelphia Jack O'Brien. <mask> survived a terrible beating at the hand of the slick, quick O'Brien in the early rounds, only to mount a terrific comeback and score four knockdowns in the ninth and tenth rounds. When the final bell rang at the end of the 10th round, O'Brien was lying unconscious on the mat, his head in a resin box in his corner. Under New York rules at the time, though, O'Brien had been saved by the bell and because official decisions were outlawed in New York boxing, the fight was declared a "no decision". A few weeks later, <mask> had a rematch with O' Brien, knocking out Philadelphia Jack in three rounds. A fourth fight with Billy Papke followed. <mask> again won in a tumultuous slugfest to defend his championship and end their series of fights with a record of 3-1 in their four encounters.This (fourth) fight took place in the outdoor Mission Street Arena in Colma, California, during a terrible thunderstorm, yet neither fighter relented in his pursuit of victory until <mask> took the 20-round decision. <mask> fought Sam Langford on April 27, 1910. It was a hard-pressed fight by both men, each displaying terrific hitting power for all six rounds of the short bout. No knock downs were scored and both had plenty of energy in the end. Langford won by decision. A longer rematch bout was rumored, but never happened. Some disputed the decision, although a majority of people felt that Langford had won the bout, which following a decision-appealing vote, it was decided (in an uncontroversial manner) that it would stand as a decision win for Langford.<mask> vs. Johnson

<mask>'s 1909 battle with Jack Johnson has been called by many a modern-day "David and Goliath". In the 12th round, <mask> floored Johnson with a right hand. Johnson got up and knocked out <mask> with a right uppercut. <mask> and Johnson were rumored to have been friends and to have gone

masks: Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Stanley Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel


title: Stanley Ketchel

texts:
 gambling, as well as hit the brothels, together; they shared a love for women. <mask> and Johnson planned to fight together. Because <mask> was shorter than Johnson, he wore long coats to conceal the platform shoes he had worn to make him look taller at a publicity event. They set up a script for their fight to  stretch it to 20 rounds, as a 20-round fight would guarantee boxing fans would pay to go to local theaters to watch the replay of the fight.After 12 rounds, <mask> swung a surprise punch that knocked Johnson down. Regaining his feet, Johnson then knocked out <mask> with a swift combination to <mask>'s head and jaw. Ketchel did not wake up for many minutes and some of his teeth were knocked out by the blow, with a few remaining embedded in Johnson's glove. Murder

The following year, 1910, <mask> fought six times (including one exhibition), but his fast living had worn him down. Hoping for a rematch with Jack Johnson, <mask> moved to the ranch of his friend, R. P. Dickerson, near (on what is now referred to as Dickerson Ranch Road) Conway, Missouri, where he had hoped to regain his strength. Dickerson had just hired a cook, Goldie Smith, and a ranch hand, whom Smith said was her husband, Walter Kurtz. Walter Kurtz turned out to be Walter Dipley.Walter Dipley and Goldie Smith were not married, and in fact, had just met each other a month before Dickerson had hired them. After being upbraided by the "Michigan Assassin" for beating a horse on the morning of October 14, Dipley decided to get even with <mask> by robbing him. The following morning, Smith seated <mask> at the breakfast table with his back to the door and Dipley, armed with a .22 caliber rifle, came up behind him and shouted, "Get your hands up!" <mask> stood up, and as he turned around, Dipley shot him. The bullet traveled from his shoulder into his lung and Ketchel fell to the floor mortally wounded.

masks: Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel Ketchel


title: Stanley Ketchel

texts:
 Dipley then took Ketchel's handgun and smashed <mask> in the face with it. At the same time, Smith rifled Ketchel's pockets for his money.After promising to meet Goldie Smith later that night, Dipley ran from the ranch. Unaware that, as he lay dying, <mask> told the former ranch foreman, C. E. Bailey, that Goldie Smith had robbed him, she told police officers that Ketchel had raped her and that that was the reason why Dipley had shot him. Her story fell apart and she admitted her complicity in the robbery, but stated she did not know Dipley was going to kill the reigning champion. In an effort to save the young fighter's life, R. P. Dickerson chartered a special train to take <mask> to a hospital in Springfield, Missouri, but Ketchel died around 7 o'clock that night. His last words were: "I'm so tired. Take me home to mother." Dickerson also offered a $5,000 dead or alive reward (preferably dead) for Dipley, who was captured at a neighboring farmhouse the next day.Upon being informed of <mask>'s death, his manager Wilson Mizner reportedly said, "Tell them to start counting ten over him. He'll get up." Aftermath
Both Walter Dipley and Goldie Smith were found guilty of murder and robbery at a jury trial in January 1911, and both were given a life sentence. Goldie Smith had her murder conviction overturned and she served 17 months for the robbery. Walter Dipley served 23 years before he was paroled. He died in 1956, 22 years after his release from prison. Legacy

Ketchel was buried at Holy Cross Cemetery at Grand Rapids, Michigan.His funeral was the most attended until the Ford family surpassed him during the 20th century. A plaque in his honor is at the corner of Stocking Avenue and 3rd Street, and a statue is at 438 Bridge Street Northwest. The Ketchel Valley neighborhood on Grand Rapids' west side is named in Ketchel's honor. <mask> is now enshrined in the

masks:
Ketchel
Ketchel
Stanley Ketchel
Ketchel
Ketchel


title: Stanley Ketchel

texts:
 International Boxing Hall Of Fame. The Ring in 2004 ranked Ketchel as the eighth-greatest middleweight of all time, behind Harry Greb, Sugar Ray Robinson, Carlos Monzon, Marvin Hagler, Jake LaMotta, Charley Burley, and Tiger Flowers. The Ring also named Ketchel number six  on their list of 100 Best Punchers of All Time. Nat Fleischer, the late ring historian and founding editor of The Ring, considered <mask> to be the greatest middleweight in history.He had a record of 51 wins, four losses, four draws, one no contest, and four no decisions (newspaper decisions: 2-1-1), with 48 wins by knockout. He was the first middleweight champion to regain the world title after losing it. Professional boxing record
All information in this section is derived from BoxRec, unless otherwise stated. Official record

All newspaper decisions are officially regarded as “no decision” bouts and are not counted as a win, loss or draw. Unofficial record

Record with the inclusion of newspaper decisions to the win/loss/draw column. Popular culture

Subject of The Killings of <mask>, a novel by James Carlos Blake

Subject of the short story "The Light of the World," by Ernest Hemingway

Biography <mask>: A Life of Triumph and Prophecy, by Manuel A. Mora

Biography The Michigan Assassin: The Saga of <mask>, by Nat Fleischer, RING Editor 1946

Book Crossing the Color Line: <mask>'s Challenge for Jack Johnson's Heavyweight Crown, by Vernon Gravely

References

External links

Ketchel's Record at Cyber Boxing Zone
New York Times Article on his death
 Down Great Purple Valleys, a 1954 True magazine story about his murder by John Lardner

|-

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1886 births
1910 deaths
Middleweight boxers
Boxers from Michigan
Male murder victims
American people of Polish descent
People murdered in Missouri
Deaths by firearm in Missouri
Sportspeople from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Sportspeople from Butte,

masks:
Stanley
Stanley Ketchel
Stanley Ketchel
Stanley Ketchel
Stanley Ketchel


title: Daniel Seghers

texts:
<mask> or <mask> (3 December 1590 – 2 November 1661) was a Flemish Jesuit brother and painter who specialized in flower still lifes. He is particularly well known for his contributions to the genre of flower garland painting. His paintings were collected enthusiastically by aristocratic patrons and he had numerous followers and imitators. Life

<mask> was born in Antwerp. He moved with his mother to the Dutch Republic, probably Utrecht around 1601, following the death of his father Pieter and the conversion of his mother to Calvinism. He possibly started his initial training as an artist in Utrecht. The young artist returned to Antwerp by 1611, where he was enrolled in the Guild of Saint Luke as a pupil of Jan Brueghel the Elder.Seghers re-converted to Catholicism and in 1614 he became a novice in the Jesuit order in Mechelen. Seghers is recorded in Brussels in 1621 where he is known to have produced two flower garland paintings for the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula. In 1625 Seghers took his final vows as a Jesuit priest. Sources differ regarding his status in the Jesuit order: some claim that he was ordained a priest in 1625, while others argue that he remained a lay brother. After his ordination in 1625 Seghers left for Rome where he stayed for two years. In Rome, Seghers had the opportunity to work on projects with the leading painters: he collaborated with Nicolas Poussin on a few religious paintings, while for Cardinal Ludovisi, Seghers painted a flower garland around an oval cartouche filled with putti by the hand of the Italian painter Domenichino. The composition is referred to as  Double wreath surrounding a medaillion with the triumph of love.Seghers returned to his native city in 1627 where he continued to

masks:
Daniël Seghers
Daniel Seghers
Seghers


title: Daniel Seghers

texts:
 support often used for cabinet paintings. Garland paintings
A majority of Seghers' work is in a distinctively Flemish genre, which is referred to as 'garland paintings'. Garland paintings are a special type of still life developed in Antwerp by Seghers' master Jan Brueghel the Elder in collaboration with the Italian cardinal Federico Borromeo at the beginning of the 17th century. Other artists involved in the early development of the genre included Hendrick van Balen, Andries <mask>, Peter Paul Rubens and Seghers himself. The genre was initially connected to the visual imagery of the Counter-Reformation movement. It was further inspired by the cult of veneration and devotion to Mary prevalent at the Habsburg court (then the rulers over the Southern Netherlands) and in Antwerp generally.Garland paintings typically show a flower garland around a devotional image, portrait or other religious symbol (such as the host). By the second half of the century secular themes such as portraits and mythological subjects also decorated the central part of the many paintings made in this fashion. Seghers innovated the concept of his teacher Brueghel by including a stone cartouche as the framing elements for the flower garland. He also painted garland paintings of the Pietà in which the flowers were substituted by thistles, thorns, deadly nightshade and other noxious plants as a reference to crown of thorns and the suffering of Christ. An example is the early collaboration with Poussin (Musée Thomas-Henry) for which Poussin painted the Pietà figure and Seghers the garland. Garland paintings were usually collaborations between a still life and a figure painter. Seghers himself generally only painted the flowers and the central subject was


title: Daniel Seghers

texts:
 filled in later by another artist.This spirit of artistic collaboration, which was seen in the earliest flower garland paintings by Jan Brueghel the Elder and Peter Paul Rubens, is, in fact, a notable quality of Flemish painting in 17th-century Antwerp. While many of Seghers' collaborators on his garland paintings were anonymous local artists, he often collaborated with leading Antwerp figure painters. There is often uncertainty or disagreement about the identity of collaborators on specific artworks even though Seghers himself compiled a list of the flower still lifes, which he had painted and the patrons for whom he had painted them. In the catalogue he gave a description of each of his paintings, his collaborator and the number of paintings he produced. As the catalogue is incomplete, the collaborators are not always known with certainty. It is known he often worked with Cornelis Schut, Erasmus Quellinus II, Abraham van Diepenbeek, Simon de Vos, Jan van den Hoecke, Gonzales Coques and Rubens. Thomas Willeboirts Bosschaert is also mentioned as his collaborator.It is possible that Seghers collaborated with Rubens on a garland painting for the Saint Carolus Borromeus church in Antwerp. During his stay in Rome he also collaborated with Poussin and Domenichino. Unlike in his later collaborations, Seghers is believed to have added flower garlands to existing paintings by Domenichino during his residence in Rome. The garland paintings are often of a large size. The Saint Ignatius in a cartouche with flowers and cherubs (Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp), which measures about 190 to 299 cm and includes not only a cartouche painted by Cornelis Schut but also angels attributed to Jan van Balen. Reception
<mask>' art was widely


title: Kim Collins

texts:
<mask>

<mask> holds a personal best of 9.93 seconds for the 100 m, which is a Saint Kitts and Nevis national record and a M40 world record for men over 40.This makes him the only man over forty years of age to break the 10-second barrier. His indoor personal best of 6.47 seconds for the 60 m is a national record and a M35 world record. <mask> was the bronze medallist over 200 m at the 2001 World Championships in Athletics and became the 100 m champion at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. He won a silver medal over 60 metres at the 2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships, before going on to take his outdoor crown. He also won sprint medals at the 2005 World Championships, 2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships and 2011 World Championships. A dispute with the Saint Kitts and Nevis administrators saw <mask> dropped from the 2012 Olympic Games and he did not return to international duty until 2015. Biography
<mask> competed in college for Texas Christian University.He competed on behalf of his country in the 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, and 2016 Summer Olympics. <mask> made his debut at major championship at the 1996 Olympics, where he qualified for the second round in the 100 m.  He improved quickly, and at the 2000 Summer Olympics, he became the first athlete from his nation to qualify for an Olympic final, finishing 7th in the 100 m. The next year, <mask> would win St. Kitts' first World Championship medal, when he tied for the bronze medal in the 200 m.

At the 2002 Commonwealth Games, he won his first major title. After the 100 m race, which <mask> won after two other favourites pulled out of the final with injuries, he failed a doping test, testing positive for the steroid Salbutamol. However, it was found that the banned substance was part of the asthma medication <mask> had been taking for several years, but had neglected to mention to the medical commission. <mask>

masks:
Kim Collinsis
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins


title: Kim Collins

texts: eventually was allowed to keep his title, and got away with a warning. <mask> was featured on a set of two stamps from St Kitts issued in 2002. The 100 m at the 2003 World Championships became the biggest triumph of his career.With Olympic and World Champion Maurice Greene eliminated in the semi finals, the field was wide open. In a very close race, where the top four athletes finished within 0.02 seconds, <mask> won and became the first world champion from Saint Kitts and Nevis. At the 2004 Olympics, <mask> again made the final of the 100, finishing 6th. At the 2005 World Championships, <mask> claimed a bronze medal in the 100 m behind Justin Gatlin and Michael Frater though he was given the same time as the latter. Finishing fourth in his heat, <mask> qualified for the finals in the men's 200 m race in the 2008 Beijing Olympics and finished in sixth place on 20 August 2008. He competed at the 2009 World Championships and reached the quarter-finals of the competition, but he was eliminated after finishing in fourth place behind eventual finalists Asafa Powell, Darvis Patton and Marc Burns. He announced his retirement from international athletics in September that year, bringing an end to a career that spanned almost 17 years.<mask> returned to athletics on 29 January 2011 at the Aviva International Match in Glasgow, reversing his retirement at the age of 34, and he finished fourth in the 200 metres. He then won at the Russian Winter Meeting in Moscow. He set a 60 m personal best and national record of 6.52 seconds to win at the PSD Bank Meeting in Düsseldorf, overhauling his best mark which he had set nearly eleven years earlier. That time did not stand for as long, however, as he ran 6.50 seconds in the heats of the BW-Bank Meeting a few days later. <mask> won both his heat and semi-final races in the 100m at the 2011 World Championships before finishing

masks: Collins Collins Collins Collins Collins Collins Collins


title: Kim Collins

texts: third and winning a bronze medal in the final after the disqualification of Usain Bolt. At the men's 4 × 100 m relay qualifying heats, <mask> ran the second leg for the St Kitts and Nevis relay squad and helped clock a national record of 38.47, leading to St. Kitts and Nevis' first-ever final. The last event saw <mask> team up with Jason Rogers, Antoine Adams and Brijesh Lawrence to clock 38.49 to win the bronze medal.At the XVI PanAmerican Games in Guadalajara 2011, <mask> broke the 28-year-old PanAmerican Games record with a time of 10.00 in the early heat. He finished second in the finals to Jamaica's Lerone Clarke. His silver medal was the first-ever medal for St. Kitts and Nevis at the Pan-Am Games. <mask> was expelled by his team from the 2012 Summer Olympics in London on 4 August 2012 for missing training sessions. He said he was being punished for spending time with his wife. <mask> was the oldest sprinter at 2016 Summer Olympics, his fifth consecutive appearance at the Olympics. While most sprinters peak in their 20s, <mask> set his personal record after reaching the age of 40, and became the first individual to run a sub-10 second 100 m dash in the process.He ran a 9.93 100 m dash, which was fast enough to qualify for Rio. He competed in both the 100 m sprint and 4 × 100 m relay. <mask> was the only St. Kitts and Nevis athlete to make it out of the first round. He finished his heat with a time of 10.18 and fourth place. He improved his time in the semifinals, finishing with a time of 10.12. This put him in sixth place and he did not advance to the finals. In 2018 <mask> announced his retirement, he competed at the 60m at the 2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships.His last performance at a World Championship. 25 August was declared <mask> Day by the government of St. Kitts and Nevis in honour of <mask>’ gold at the World Championships in Paris, France

masks:
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Collins
Kim Collins
Collins


title: Rye Rye

texts:
<mask> (born November 25, 1990), known by her stage name <mask>, is an American rapper, singer, dancer and actress. Signed to N.E.E.T. Recordings, she released her first mixtape RYEot PowRR in 2011 and her anticipated debut album Go! Pop! Bang! on May 15, 2012. In early 2009, MSNBC listed <mask> as one of the "5Top: Top of the pops!Up-and coming young singers." In 2011, <mask> <mask> was named one of Billboard 's "21 Under 21". <mask> <mask> made her acting debut in the 2012 film 21 Jump Street. Career

Early career
<mask> <mask> began performing at the age of 16. She wanted to join the music industry because she felt there was potential there, adding "I love performing, singing, dancing, all of that and I felt that given the opportunity I would destroy it." She met the musician Blaqstarr, a friend of her sister's, and worked with him on her early material after leaving a rap verse on his answering machine. On this process she notes "I used to like to write poetry and stories.One day I was home, bored, and started to compose songs." Her song "Shake It To The Ground,"  produced in collaboration with Blaqstarr, was a club hit in 2006, leading to local speculation that <mask> <mask> could be a fresh, new female success within hip hop music. A meeting between <mask> <mask>, M.I.A. and Diplo in a studio in 2006/2007 was arranged by Blaqstarr after the song caught M.I.A. 's attention. Blaqstarr told <mask> Rye somebody wanted to meet her, but refused to say more. Although upon meeting them <mask> <mask> did not know who they were, M.I.A.told the rapper

masks:
Ryeisha Berrain
Rye Rye
Rye Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye
Rye


title: Rye Rye

texts: that she had been looking for her. At the time, <mask> <mask> was in her junior year at Dr. Samuel L. Banks High School. She toured with M.I.A. during the KALA Tour in fall and winter of 2007, which included opening for her during the CMJ Music Marathon and dates in the United Kingdom in 2007, the People Vs. Money Tour in early 2008 and briefly with Afrikan Boy. They both appeared in M.I.A. 's 2007 music video for the song "Paper Planes." Go!Pop! Bang! Rye Rye was the first artist signed to M.I.A. 's record label N.E.E.T., imprint of Interscope Records. Her debut album, titled Go! Pop! Bang!was set to come out in March 2009, but its release was delayed. In the interim, she recorded guest verses for other songs. She performed the song "Get it from my Mama" with Blaqstarr and M.I.A. in live performances; other recordings completed but not confirmed for her album included "Gangsta Girl" with Zakee, "Bang" with M.I.A., "Wassup Wassup" with DJ Diplo, "Hardcore Girls" with The Count & Sinden and "Reasons" as well as "Older Man", a song about falling in love with someone twice your age, and "Quit Swinging." A music video for "Shake It To The Ground" was made. <mask> <mask> appears on M.I.A. 's remix of Busy Signal's "Tic Toc" and she performed in Sweden in summer of 2008, featuring on the rapclash remix of Adrian Lux's single "Strawberry".She features on a remix of M.I.A. 's "Paper Planes" with Afrikan Boy, which she performed during her 2007 live dates on the Kala Tour and appears on the Paper Planes - Homeland Security Remixes EP. In an interview with

masks: Rye Rye Rye Rye


title: Rye Rye

texts: Nylon during the making of "Bang", M.I.A. described <mask> <mask> as "the voice of Baltimore". <mask> <mask> also worked with The Neptunes while recording her debut. In October 2008, she performed the song "Paper Planes" with Pharrell Williams and a pregnant M.I.A. at the Diesel XXX party at Pier 3 in Brooklyn.<mask> <mask> is featured on the Crookers debut album, Tons of Friends, rapping on the track, "Hip Hop Changed". <mask> <mask> also appears on a track by Tel-aviv based Soulico called "Exotic On The Speaker". <mask> <mask> is featured on the track "Have You Heard?" by Ceci Bastida. She song "X Girl" for the electro-duo Teenage Bad Girl's second album "Backwash". <mask> <mask>'s single "Bang" (featuring M.I.A.) appeared on the Fast & Furious motion picture soundtrack, and she released her M.I.A.-directed video for the track in 2009.Rolling Stone called the track "gloriously showoffy". <mask> <mask>'s performance at SXSW  in 2010 was well received by critics and festival goers. She performed at the Winter Music Conference in Miami before opening for indie rock band The Gossip in April 2010. On February 9, 2011, <mask> <mask> put up her pre-album mixtape RYEot PowRR for download, along with a video to her remix of Miley Cyrus' "Party in the U.S.A.". After several date changes, an official release date for Go! Pop! Bang!was announced for February 22, 2011. However, the album did not come out and is presently slated for a Fall 2011 release. <mask> <mask> performed at the 2010 Alexander Wang fashion week after party. The first single to be lifted

masks: Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye


title: Rye Rye

texts:
 from her debut album Go! Pop! Bang! entitled "Sunshine", was released on October 5 and leaked online a day earlier.A music video with M.I.A. was shot in September 2010, and released on October 8. <mask> <mask> has recently joined M.I.A. to perform on her tour of international shows in 2010. On June 7, 2011, she released a second single "Never Will Be Mine" featuring Robyn. The video featuring the two artists premiered on June 15, 2011 and after two days, had been viewed 2,740,998 times. The song reached number 12 on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs.<mask> <mask> also toured with Robyn, as well as Katy Perry and LMFAO on arena shows. <mask> <mask> released her single "New Thing" in 2011, which showcases and soundtracks fashion designer Prabal Gurung's collection and the 2011 "Women Go All In" Adidas advert. In April 2012, her single "Boom Boom" reached number 8 on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs. Departure from N.E.E.T. Recordings
In a 2016 interview, <mask> <mask> revealed that she had left N.E.E.T. Recordings, claiming that "N.E.E.T. kinda  just folded.M.I.A. was focusing on her own stuff, [and] never really put that much time into the label", and that she was planning on releasing music independently. Acting
<mask> <mask> appeared in the film 21 Jump Street and recorded its main theme with Esthero. Artistry

Style and inspiration
The LA Times described her music as a "hardcore club sound." <mask> <mask> collaborated on the album with executive producer, co-writer and stylist M.I.A., whom <mask> <mask> described as her fashion icon.

masks: Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye Rye


title: Rye Rye

texts:
 Rolling Stone described Go! Pop!Bang! as "the hip-hop album most likely to set the club on fire" while Paper stated the album "will take over car stereos one impossibly ear-catching kinetic party jam at a time." Bust described her debut album as "Baltimore grime at its best." She told Rap-Up TV that she was also a fan of clothing designer Jeremy Scott. Speaking of the ease at which writing her lyrics comes to her, <mask> <mask> notes that listening to her songs' beats repeatedly in the studio helps her to focus. <mask> <mask> has spoken of her intention to work with Chris Brown, Lil Wayne, Rihanna and Jay-Z as well as a Disney Channel artist to reach out to child audiences. She says, "Of course I want to work with artists that can dance so in saying that I have to say that Ciara is someone I really want to work with, as that girl have moves.Not forgetting Ms. Missy Elliott of course as I think her videos are crazy." Influence
<mask> is the muse of fashion designer Prabal Gurung. Music critics have noted similarities between the style of the music video in the song "What You Talking About!?" by Redlight, featuring Ms. Dynamite, with that of M.I.A. and <mask> Rye. Discography

Albums
Go! Pop!Bang! (2012)

Mixtapes
RYEot PowRR (2011)

Singles
"Bang" (featuring M.I.A.) (2009)
"Sunshine" (featuring M.I.A.) (2010)
"Never Will Be Mine" (featuring Robyn) (2011)
"New Thing" (2011)
"Boom Boom" (2012)
"21 Jump Street" (featuring Esthero) (2012)

As featured artist
"Shake It To The Ground" (2007) (Blaqstarr featuring <mask> <mask>)
"Paper Planes (Blaqstarr

masks: Rye Rye Rye Rye Ryeye Rye Rye Rye


title: Junko Tabei

texts:
was a Japanese mountaineer, author, and teacher. She was the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest and the first woman to ascend the Seven Summits, climbing the highest peak on every continent. <mask> wrote seven books, organized environmental projects to clean up rubbish left behind by climbers on Everest, and led annual climbs up Mount Fuji for youth affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake. An astronomer had named asteroid 6897 Tabei after her and in 2019, a mountain range on Pluto was named Tabei Montes in her honour. Early life

<mask> was born on 22 September 1939 in Miharu, Fukushima, the fifth daughter of seven children. Her father was a printer. She was considered a frail child, but nevertheless she began mountain climbing at the age of ten, going on a class climbing trip to Mount Nasu.She enjoyed the non-competitive nature of the sport and the striking natural landscapes that came into view upon reaching the top of the mountain. Although she was interested in doing more climbing, her family did not have enough money for such an expensive hobby, and Ishibashi made only a few climbs during her high school years. From 1958 to 1962, Ishibashi studied English and American literature at Showa Women's University. She initially planned on a career as a teacher. After graduation, she returned to her earlier passion for climbing by joining a number of men's climbing clubs. While some men welcomed her as a fellow climber, others questioned her motives for pursuing a typically male-dominated sport. Soon, Ishibashi had climbed all the major mountains in Japan, including Mount Fuji.When she was 27, Ishibashi married Masanobu <mask>, a mountaineer she had met during a climbing excursion on Mount Tanigawa. The couple eventually had two children: a daughter, Noriko, and a son, Shinya. Career

Early climbing expeditions
In 1969, <mask> <mask> established the Joshi-Tohan Club (Women's Mountaineering Club) for women only. The club's slogan was "Let's go on an overseas expedition by ourselves", and the group was the first of its kind in Japan. <mask> later stated that

masks:
Tabei
Junko Ishibashi
Tabei
Junko
Tabei
Tabei


title: Junko Tabei

texts:
 she founded the club as a result of how she was treated by male mountaineers of the time; some men, for example, refused to climb with her, while others thought she was only interested in climbing as a way to find a husband. <mask> helped fund her climbing activities by working as an editor for the Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. The Joshi-Tohan Club embarked on their first expedition in 1970, climbing the Nepalese mountain Annapurna III.They successfully reached the summit using a new route on the south side, achieving the first female and first Japanese ascent of the mountain. <mask> and one other member, Hiroko Hirakawa, were chosen to complete the final climb to the top, accompanied by two sherpa guides. The climbers had brought a camera, but the temperature was so cold that the camera's film cracked. From her experience in the Annapurna III ascent, <mask> realized that she and the other Japanese women had sometimes struggled to reconcile traditional Japanese values of quiet strength with the more immediate practical needs of mountaineering. Many Joshi-Tohan Club members were initially reluctant to admit they did not know something or needed assistance, preferring to keep a stoic silence, but mountain climbing forced the women to acknowledge their personal limits and accept help from each other. 1975 Everest expedition

After <mask> and Hirakawa successfully summited Annapurna III on 19 May 1970, the Joshi-Tohan Club decided to tackle Mount Everest. The club created a team known as the Japanese Women's Everest Expedition (JWEE), led by Eiko Hisano, which would attempt to summit Mount Everest.JWEE contained 15 members, most of them working women who came from a range of professions. Two of the women, including <mask>, were mothers. They applied for a climbing permit for Everest in 1971, but had to wait four years to receive a place in the formal climbing schedule. <mask> helped to find sponsors for the expedition, although she was frequently told that the women "should be raising children instead". She was able to obtain last-minute funding from the Yomiuri

masks: Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei


title: Junko Tabei

texts: Shimbun newspaper and Nippon Television, but each group member still needed to pay 1.5 million yen (US$5,000). <mask> taught piano lessons to help raise the necessary funds. To save money, <mask> made much of her own equipment from scratch, creating waterproof gloves out of the cover of her car and sewing trousers from old curtains.After a long training period, the team made the expedition in May 1975. The group attracted much media attention with their plans, and the 15 women were initially accompanied by journalists and a television camera crew as they began their climb. They used the same route to ascend the mountain that Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay had taken in 1953, and six sherpa guides assisted the team for the full span of the expedition. On 4 May, the team was camping at  when an avalanche struck their camp. <mask> and four of her fellow climbers were buried under the snow. Tabei lost consciousness until sherpa guides dug her out. Luckily, there were no casualties.Bruised and injured by the incident, <mask> could barely walk and was forced to spend two days recovering. As soon as she was able, however, she resumed the expedition and continued leading her team up the mountain. Although the team had originally planned to send two women up to the peak of Everest (accompanied by a sherpa), a bout of altitude sickness meant that the team's sherpas could not carry the number of oxygen bottles required to accommodate two climbers. Only one woman could continue. After much discussion, Hisano nominated <mask> to complete the climb. Nearing the peak, Tabei was furious to discover that she would have to cross a thin, hazardous ridge of ice that had gone completely unmentioned in accounts made by previous expeditions. She crawled along it sideways, later describing it as the most tense experience she had ever had.Twelve days after the avalanche, on 16 May 1975, with her sherpa guide Ang Tsering, <mask> became the first woman to reach the summit of Everest. <mask> was showered with attention as a result of her achievement. In Kathmandu, a parade was held in her

masks: Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei


title: Junko Tabei

texts:
 honour. On her return to Japan, she was received at the Tokyo airport by thousands of cheering supporters. She received messages from the King of Nepal and the Japanese government, a television miniseries was made about the Everest expedition, and <mask> made personal appearances across Japan. However, <mask> remained uncomfortable with this level of fame. She later told media that she preferred to be remembered as the 36th person to summit Everest: "I did not intend to be the first woman on Everest."Later activities

After her Everest expedition, <mask> continued her mountaineering pursuits, eventually climbing the highest mountain on each continent: Kilimanjaro (1980), Mt. Aconcagua (1987), Denali (1988), Mt. Elbrus (1989), Mount Vinson (1991), and Puncak Jaya (1992). Upon her successful climb of Puncak Jaya, she became the first woman to complete the Seven Summits challenge. By 2005, <mask> had taken part in 44 all-female mountaineering expeditions around the world. She had a personal goal of climbing the highest mountain in every country in the world, and by the end of her lifetime she had completed at least 70 of these mountains. She never accepted corporate sponsorship after Mount Everest, preferring to remain financially independent.She saved money to fund her expeditions by making paid public appearances, guiding mountain-climbing tours, and tutoring local children in music and English. <mask>'s friends and supporters sometimes donated food and equipment. In addition to her climbing, <mask> worked on ecological concerns; in 2000, she completed postgraduate studies at Kyushu University focusing on the environmental degradation of Everest caused by the waste left behind by climbing groups. <mask> was also the director of the Himalayan Adventure Trust of Japan, an organization working at a global level to preserve mountain environments. One of the trust's projects was to build an incinerator to burn climbers' rubbish. She also led and participated in "clean-up" climbs in Japan and the Himalayas alongside her husband and children. In May 2003, a celebration was held in


title: Junko Tabei

texts:
 Kathmandu to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the first successful summit of Mount Everest, and crowds of Nepalese people gathered to cheer a procession of past Everest climbers.<mask> and Sir  Edmund Hillary were given a special place in the festivities for their respective achievements. Between 1996 and 2008, <mask> wrote and published seven books. Following the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, <mask> began organizing annual guided excursions up Mount Fuji for schoolchildren affected by the disaster. Death and legacy
<mask> was diagnosed with stomach cancer in 2012, but continued with many of her mountaineering activities. In July 2016, despite her advancing illness, she led an expedition of youth up Mount Fuji. She died in a hospital in Kawagoe on 20 October 2016. Before <mask>'s death, an astronomer had named asteroid 6897 Tabei after her.On 22 September 2019, Google commemorated the 80th anniversary of her birth with a Doodle. The accompanying write-up gave her motivation slogan, "Do not give up. Keep on your quest." On 19 November 2019, a mountain range on Pluto was named Tabei Montes in honour of <mask>'s mountaineering accomplishments. The theme for naming mountains on Pluto is "Historic pioneers who crossed new horizons in the exploration of the Earth, sea and sky". See also
List of 20th-century summiters of Mount Everest
List of climbers and mountaineers
List of female explorers and travelers
List of Mount Everest records
List of women's firsts
Timeline of Mount Everest expeditions

References

Further reading
 <mask>, <mask> (2017). Honouring High Places: The Mountain Life of <mask> <mask>.Rocky Mountain Books Ltd. . External links

2013: Portrait Painting of <mask> <mask>
First Woman to Climb Mt. Everest Returns on NBC News
Official website for <mask> <mask> (in Japanese)
Seven Summits profile

1939 births
2016 deaths
People from Fukushima Prefecture
Female climbers
Japanese mountain climbers
Japanese summiters of Mount Everest
Summiters of the Seven Summits
Female polar explorers
Kyushu University alumni
Deaths from cancer in Japan
Showa Women's

masks: Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Tabei Junko Junko Tabei Junko Tabei Junko Tabei


title: Nao Oikawa

texts:
is a Japanese actress, TV Personality and was also a former AV idol who was very popular in the early 2000s. Life and career
<mask> was born in Hiroshima. Her family moved to Tokyo when she was a little girl. At age 18, when she graduated from high school and began design school, she met a scout who proposed she become an AV idol. "That time, my hair was bleached and curly. My agency told me to get my hair back to straight black. One day in the office, one staff picked Oikawa as family name from a book, another staff picked Nao from another book.This is where my stage name came from." AV career
 Debut
Oikawa's debut was not easy. AV producers did not think that she had special talent in their genre. She used her time for studying popular porn stars' acting (especially, she learned many things from Kurumi Morishita). Finally, Oikawa made her debut adult video at age nineteen for the Media Station Cosmos Plan label in September 2000. Then she released some videos from Alice Japan, Momotaro, etc., but she could not get big success. In her first year of adult work, she made only a few videos, including a softcore V-Cinema movie, Virgin Teacher Hinako in September 2001.Taking off
In Spring 2002, Oikawa began an association with the new KMP Million label, most of them under the direction of Goro Tameike. She said that Tameike showed her the way to go. Her first video with KMP and Tameike, Another Side of Nao Oikawa, involved anal sex and forced fellatio. One of her male partners is famed porn actor Taka Kato About


title: Nao Oikawa

texts:
 2(ASIN:B001HQLV36, B001KEM0GM). (5) TMA: Included in "Nao Oikawa History History 16 Hours"(ASIN:B003BLEARY). (6) Moodyz: Partially included in "Hyper Digital Mosaic 4 Hours"(ASIN:B000M9BN7S).(7) Moodyz: Included in "Perfect Collection 8 Hours"(ASIN:B001W00692). (8) TMA: Remastered and reproduced with original title. (9) KMP: Remastered and reproduced with original title ('Timeless masterpiece' series). (10) SOD: Partially included in "Digital Remaster Director's Cut 8 Hours"(ASIN:B003U3NAMO). (11) AUDAZ JAPAN: Remastered and reproduced with original title. (12) KMP: Partially included in "All About Nao Oikawa" 1, 2(ASIN:B002C8YURC, B002F7IAC6). (13) Maxing: Included in "Star File Nao Oikawa"(ASIN:B004B7ZRT2).(14) ROOKIE: Included in "Kiseki - Nao Oikawa Super Collection 8 Hours Special". (15) ROOKIE: Partially included in "Kiseki - Nao Oikawa Super Collection 8 Hours Special". Talk show

 Stage

 Photobooks

 Discography

 Miscellaneous
 Miku and Ran: Scenario for cartoon on internet. Serialized from March 2009. NAO OIKAWA'S FRUIT SCANDAL - Pachinko Machine (Heiwa Corporation): From 2009 summer to 2010 winter, for 3 versions, total 20,000 machines supposed to be shipped. A Letter from Ancient Capital Kyoto'': Photograph, Reading poetry by <mask> <mask>, Music by Tsugutoshi Goto, Phone-Cast from April 27, 2010. Notes

Sources

External links

 <mask> Oikawa at Sony Music Artist
 G3 Princess at Columbia Music Entertainment

1981 births
Living people
Japanese pornographic film actresses
Japanese

masks: Nao Oikawa Nao


title: Wilhelm Filchner

texts: <mask> (13 September 1877 – 7 May 1957) was a German army officer, scientist and explorer. He conducted several surveys and scientific investigations in China, Tibet and surrounding regions, and led the Second German Antarctic Expedition, 1911–13. As a young military officer, Filchner gained an early reputation for dash and daring, following his travel exploits in Russia and the Pamir Mountains range. After further technical studies, he developed expertise in geography and geophysics, before leading a major scientific survey in Tibet and western China in 1903–05. In 1909 he was appointed to organise and lead the forthcoming German expedition to the Antarctic, with both scientific and geographical objectives involving extensive exploration of the continent's interior. During the expedition his ship became trapped in the Weddell Sea ice, drifting for eight months and preventing Filchner from establishing a land base, thus failing in its main objective. Although important scientific results were obtained, the expedition was disrupted by serious interpersonal disagreements and lasting animosities, which harmed Filchner's reputation as a leader and ended his polar career.After service in the First World War he resumed his travels in Asia. He conducted two lengthy single-handed magnetic surveys in China and Tibet, often in difficult and sometimes dangerous conditions, and was continuing this work when the Second World War began, leaving him stranded in India. After years of internment, he returned to Europe and retired to Zürich, where he died in 1957. During his lifetime he received numerous honours, including the German National Prize for Art and Science in 1937, and several honorary doctorates. He is also commemorated in the Antarctic,


title: Wilhelm Filchner

texts:
 where a number of geographical features bear his name. Early life

<mask> was born on 13 September 1877, the son of Eduard and Rosine <mask>. Sources place his birth variously at Munich or Bayreuth;  it appears that the family moved from Munich to Bayreuth shortly after <mask>'s birth, but returned to Munich after his father's early death.As a boy, <mask> showed considerable artistic and musical talent, drawing inspiration from, amongst others, Franz von Lenbach, Franz Stuck, and Siegfried Wagner. He might have made his life in the arts, but family traditions drew him towards a military career, and at the age of 15 he was enrolled in the Prussian Military Academy. Traveller and explorer

Early travels in Asia

Russia and the Pamirs

As a young officer in 1898, Filchner was given leave from the army to undertake a seven-week journey in Russia, but had to leave that country when he was suspected of acting as a spy. Two years later he made an expedition to the Pamir Mountains, which included a well-publicised horseback ride, travelling from Osh in the Fergana Valley to Murghab in Tajikistan, and returning by way of Kashgar in Sinkiang. During these travels, Filchner observed much Russian activity   and noted the differences between the Russians and the English in their interactions with the indigenous people: "The Russians manage, in their dealings with Asiatic peoples, to reach out to their hearts, whereas the English, in their relations with natives, make a show of their cultural superiority". Through these adventures, which he recounted in a popular book, Ein Ritt über den Pamir ("A Ride over the Pamirs"), Filchner gained an early reputation as a daring traveller. China and Tibet, 1903–05
Back in Germany, Filcher developed his

masks:
Wilhelm Filchner
Filchner
Wilhelm
Wilhelm


title: Wilhelm Filchner

texts:
 knowledge of geography and geophysics through courses at the Technical University of Munich and other institutions.Between 1900 and 1903, he formed contacts with some of the leading travelling scientists of the day, including the Swede Sven Hedin, and Ferdinand von Richthofen from the University of Berlin. In 1903, with von Richthofen's recommendation,  the army gave him leave to assume the leadership of a major scientific survey in Tibet and western China, extending to the upper reaches of the Hwang Ho river. This was a potentially dangerous enterprise, and Filchner found it necessary at times to conceal his activities by disguising himself as a Muslim priest. Filchner's principal scientific assistant on this journey was the geographer Albert Tafel, with whom relations were difficult and often strained. After the journey, Tafel missed few opportunities for insulting Filchner and undermining his authority as a leader, accusing him of cowardice and questioning the accuracy of his maps. Filchner's military background and formal manner contributed to the problem;  as Cornelia Lüdecke puts it in a biographical essay on Filchner, as an officer he was  "trained to command and not to discuss". This was a trait that would also be apparent in  Filchner's later expeditions.Antarctic: Second German Antarctic Expedition, 1911–13

Background, objectives and preparations

<mask>'s interest in the Antarctic was sparked by the theories of Albrecht Penck of the University of Berlin, who considered that the then largely unexplored Antarctic continent comprised  two separate landmasses, East and West Antarctica, divided by a strait connecting the Weddell and Ross Seas. <mask> wished to investigate this question, and in 1909, with the support of the

masks: Filchner Filchner


title: Wilhelm Filchner

texts:
 Berlin Geographical Society, began preparations for an Antarctic expedition. He would not only test Penck's theory, but would combine geographical discovery with scientific inquiry. <mask>'s original plan envisaged two ships, with shore parties advancing inland respectively from  Weddell and Ross Sea bases, to meet in the vicinity of the Pole. This proved too costly, so <mask> had to adopt a more modest, single-ship strategy,  confining his operations to the Weddell Sea area. A ship, the Norwegian whaler Bjorn was acquired, and her name changed to Deutschland. Her captain was to be a naval officer, Richard Vahsel, who had previous Antarctic experience, but was by reputation a somewhat difficult and truculent character, "greedy for power and an out-and-out schemer".Unwisely, <mask> agreed to sail under the German naval flag, placing Deutschland and himself under naval regulations that gave the captain supreme decision-making authority on the ship. This created a situation of divided command, with serious consequences for Filchner's authority on the expedition. Expedition

Deutschland sailed from Bremerhaven in early May 1911. The first stage  involved a comprehensive oceanographic study of the Atlantic, covering more than  and extending over four months. After a break in Buenos Aires, the expedition departed for South Georgia, arriving  late in October. While the ship was reprovisioned, <mask> conducted a survey of the island's coasts. On 11 December 1911 the heavily laden Deutschland began its journey south, to the Weddell Sea.From the outset, progress  was slow and uncertain. Brief periods of clear water were interspersed with spells of thick ice that impeded and sometimes prevented movement. However, by 29 January Deutschland had

masks: Filchner Filchner Filchner Filchner


title: Wilhelm Filchner

texts:
 penetrated the Weddell Sea beyond James Weddell's most southerly point, reached in 1823, and the next day observed an ice-covered coast to the east. Filcher named this "Prinzregent Luitpold Land"  (or "Luitpold Coast"), after the expedition's principal patron. Following the coastline, on 31 January, at 77°48'S, Deutschland reached a vast ice barrier, marking the southernmost extent of the Weddell Sea. After much  prevarication from the captain, Filchner agreed to establish his shore base in a small inlet which he christened Vahsel Bay. The site chosen by the captain was a berg attached to the barrier edge; Filchner was dubious,  but Vahsel assured him that his ice pilot, Paul Björvik, had approved the site; Björvik would later deny giving any such advice.By 18 February building was nearly complete,  but that night a violent tidal surge detached the berg containing the base and floated it away. A desperate salvage exercise saved all the personnel and most of the equipment and provisions, though some items were lost. Thereafter, <mask> tried for several more days to re-establish the base, but these efforts proved unavailing. Drift

Deutschland began its return journey, intending to try again the following season. By 15 March, the ship  was firmly beset in the ice, drifting slowly northwards, and clearly trapped for the winter. By this time the expedition's morale had largely collapsed as a result of the Vahsel Bay fiasco; the party had broken into factions, and  hostility, recrimination and drunkenness, with threats of violence, became the norms. Nevertheless, Filchner still sought to continue the scientific work, in stations set up on the ice.On 10 August Vahsel died (of heart failure likely aggravated by the effects of syphilis)  but


title: Wilhelm Filchner

texts:
 the poisonous atmosphere continued under his replacement, first officer <mask>. The ship was not freed  until 26 November 1912, and when she finally arrived in South Georgia on 19 December, the expedition disintegrated. The opposing factions were kept apart before being transferred back to Germany separately. Filchner hoped that the expedition could be reconstituted for another attempt, but his backers in Germany summoned him home. In Germany a Court of Honour largely exonerated Filchner from blame for the debacle, but the experience had wearied him of the Antarctic, and he never returned. Instead, he decided he would resume his original field of work, in Central and East Asia. Post First World War
During the First World War, <mask> served in the German army, mainly in military intelligence; in 1916 he was director of the marine interrogation service in Bergen, Norway.In the years immediately following the war he devoted himself to writing. In 1922 he published his account of the Antarctic expedition, Zum sechsten Erdteil: Die zweite deutsche Südpolar-Expedition ("To the Sixth Continent: The Second German South Polar Expedition"). In this book Filchner barely mentions the interpersonal difficulties that marred and ultimately overwhelmed the expedition, instead producing a relatively straightforward account of its activities and achievements. In the absence of rebuttal, criticisms from his enemies citing his lack of leadership and deficient exploring ability would continue, unanswered, for decades. In 1924 Filchner published a book, Sturm über Asien: Erlebnisse eines diplomatischen Geheimagenten ("Storm over Asia: Experiences of a Secret Diplomatic Agent"), covering the history of Central Asia since the beginning of the 20th century.

masks:
Wilhelm Lorenzen
Filchner


title: Wilhelm Filchner

texts:
 This is not an account of personal experiences; it is a semi-fictionalised  life of Zerempil, a Buryat monk from Urga. Filchner reissued the book in revised form in 1928, under the title Wetterleuchten im Osten ("Weather Lights in the East").Central Asian survey, 1926–28
In 1926, <mask> resumed his prewar survey and observational work in Central Asia. Assisted by a small grant from the German Foreign Office, he set out in January of that year. After many delays and obstructions, he reached the Kumbum Monastery on the China–Tibetan border, where he spent the winter of 1926–27 in conditions of ill-health and poverty, while awaiting further funds and permission to proceed. In April 1927 he received letters of commendation allowing him to travel into Tibet, and in June he set out, his destination being the Northern Indian town of Leh. Despite further privations and hold-ups, he reached Leh on 5 March 1928, before completing his journey at Dehradun. His programme of work for the journey included the first major contribution to the magnetic survey of northern Tibet. He made many topographical measurements and produced detailed maps which transformed geographical knowledge of this region.To this information he added what he termed "cultural-political observations". Much of his work was carried out in secret, to avoid the attention of suspicious authorities. The journey became the subject of a film, Mönche, Tänzer und Soldaten ("Monks, Dancers and Soldiers"), a valuable documentary of monastic and other life of that time. Second  Asian survey, 1934–38
In the years 1934 to 1938, Filchner returned to the same region, this time following a route across northern Tibet from Lanzhou to Leh. Whereas on the earlier journey he had largely paid his own


title: Wilhelm Filchner

texts:
 medical treatment in India, where he was promptly interned. The circumstances of his confinement in India were not harsh, and he was allowed to continue working and to travel to a limited extent. When the war ended, he lived in Poona before returning to Europe in 1949,  settling in the Swiss city of Zürich.In Zürich he maintained his academic interests through contacts at  ETH Zürich and the German Geodetic Commission at Munich. In 1956 he broke his long silence concerning the events of the Antarctic expedition, and  prepared an exposé, Feststellungen ("Findings"), a response to his long-time critics. This revealed for the first time  details of the expedition's travails, but at Filchner's insistence, remained unpublished until 1985. <mask> continued to live in Zurich until his death, on 7 May 1957, at the age of 79. Assessment
Despite his outward formality of manner, Filchner demonstrated an imaginative and adventurous approach in the planning and execution of his various expeditions. In the course of his journeys he made important and lasting contributions to the cartography and magnetic measurements of Central Asia, and his Antarctic expedition, despite its circumstances, produced significant scientific and geographical results. Filchner's background and military training had instilled a somewhat inflexible attitude, not conducive to successful teamwork, and created difficulties with interpersonal relationships.These were exemplified by his falling-out with Tafel, and by his poor handling of the situation of divided command that arose on the Deutschland. Murphy describes Filchner as "a bit stiff, something of a cold fish", and lacking the sense of humour and common touch which marked leaders such as Shackleton. Lüdecke points out


title: Wang Rong (politician)

texts:
<mask> (; born April 1958) is a Chinese politician who has served in prominent regional posts in Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces. He is currently serving as the Chairman of the Guangdong People's Political Consultative Conference, a mostly ceremonial political advisory body. <mask> spent much of his career in his native Jiangsu province. He has an academic background in the field of agriculture. He served successively as the Communist Party Secretary of the cities of Wuxi and Suzhou in Jiangsu, before being transferred in 2010 to serve as acting mayor, then Party Secretary of Shenzhen, a position he served in until 2015. <mask> was an alternate member of the 17th and 18th Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Career

Early life and academic career
Born in 1958 in Binhai County, in northern Jiangsu province, <mask> worked in a rural commune in the latter years of the Cultural Revolution.He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1976, the year Mao died. He became part of the first batch of students to return to school after China's higher education system was dismantled as part of the Cultural Revolution. <mask> spent much of his earlier career in academia. He enrolled in Nanjing Agricultural College and earned a degree in agriculture and economic management in 1982. He continued his studies for the next six years, earning a master's, then a doctorate in his field. By 1989, he became a lecturer at the university, and then an associate dean in the economics and trade school. He then became assistant to the school's president.In 1991 he earned the opportunity to study abroad at Tilburg University in the Netherlands. In 1992 he returned to China and served as the chief administrator for the university's president, before becoming Vice President of the University. Jiangsu
<mask> entered the Jiangsu provincial government in the late 1990s. At the turn of the century, <mask> received a series of quick promotions to progressively senior positions. After serving a two-year tenure in the Agricultural

masks:
Wang Rong
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang


title: Wang Rong (politician)

texts:
 Science Institute of Jiangsu, <mask> went on to become deputy director of the provincial department of agriculture. In 2000, ostensibly due to his academic background, he was transferred to head the provincial department of education. In 2001, he was again transferred, this time to take on the post of acting Mayor of Wuxi; he was formally elected mayor in 2002.In 2003, he was again promoted to become the city's Communist Party Secretary, which was, in reality, the city's top political office. By 2004, only four years since serving as deputy director of the department of agriculture, he earned a seat on the provincial Party Standing Committee, the province's top decision making body, joining the inner circle of the Jiangsu political elite and becoming one of the province's top-ranked politicians. Guangdong
In June 2009, <mask> left his native Jiangsu province to take on the office of the acting Mayor of Shenzhen, a metropolis next to Hong Kong and known to be China's most successful Special Economic Zone. <mask> replaced Xu Zongheng, who was dismissed for corruption. He was quickly promoted to party secretary the next year, and also earned a spot on the Guangdong provincial Party Standing Committee, serving under party secretary <mask>. Shenzhen's political landscape experienced rapid changes as a result of then-CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping's anti-corruption campaign, culminating in the abrupt dismissal of Jiang Zunyu, the city's former Political and Legal Affairs Commission Secretary. In late 2014, rumours that <mask> was "in trouble" circulated widely, largely due to speculation that the Guangdong political scene was due for a 'reshuffle' following the abrupt dismissal of Wan Qingliang, a once-popular Cantonese politician who was serving as party secretary of the provincial capital Guangzhou.Various media outlets speculated that <mask> would be transferred out of his job in Shenzhen for a lower-profile position in the Ministry of Education or in Anhui province, or be given a ceremonial role so he could

masks:
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang Yang
Wang
Wang


title: Wang Rong (politician)

texts:
 keep his rank and benefits but be removed from a position of actual political power. In February 2015, <mask> was elected the Chairman of the Guangdong provincial committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a largely ceremonial legislative consultation body. He replaced Zhu Mingguo, a former top provincial official who, like <mask>'s Shenzhen mayoral predecessor Xu Zongheng, had also been dismissed for corruption. Even though this was technically a promotion as it made <mask> an official with full provincial-ministerial rank, many observers characterized the move as having transferred <mask> away from the political centre stage. Leading positions in the CPPCC in Chinese provinces are largely seen as so-called "political retirement home", bestowed to officials of advanced age as an honour for their service in government but considered to be largely a position without actual political power. At the same time, <mask> became dogged by corruption rumours as the media speculated that <mask> was actually being 'deposed' as part of a wider anti-corruption campaign targeting associates of ex-CCP general secretary Jiang Zemin. When <mask> formally stepped down as Shenzhen party secretary at a meeting of the municipal leadership on March 28, news footage showed tears in <mask>'s eyes as well as awkwardness and pessimism about <mask>'s expression.He was replaced by Ma Xingrui. Family
According to numerous Chinese-language media outlets, <mask> is the nephew of <mask>, wife of former Paramount leader and CCP General Secretary Jiang Zemin, although some political insiders from Shenzhen have dismissed this as a baseless rumour. Nevertheless, he was widely considered to be a protege of Jiang, who is also from Jiangsu province. References

1958 births
Living people
Politicians from Yancheng
People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu
Political office-holders in Jiangsu
Political office-holders in Guangdong
Chinese Communist Party politicians from Jiangsu
Mayors of Shenzhen
Mayors of

masks:
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang
Wang Yeping


title: Daniel Isom Sultan

texts:
<mask> (December 9, 1885 – January 14, 1947) was an American general. <mask> was born in Oxford, Mississippi, and graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1907. He entered the United States Army Corps of Engineers and rose through the ranks, teaching engineering at West Point from 1912 to 1916, before travelling to the Philippines. He oversaw construction of fortifications on various islands, and eventually was in charge of all US Army fortification work in the Philippines. He then served on the War Department General Staff and the general staff of the American Expeditionary Forces until 1922. <mask> led the Nicaragua Canal Survey and commanded American troops in the country from 1929 to 1931, when he returned to the United States and wrote a report on the canal. <mask> next was district engineer in Chicago, leading construction of the Great Lakes to Mississippi Waterway to July 1934.He was then involved in various commissions in Washington DC, and served as engineer commissioner of the District of Columbia. In late 1938, he took command of the 2d Regiment of Engineers, and eventually rose to lead the Hawaiian Division in early 1941. <mask> had various other commands during early World War II, including the 38th Infantry Division and VII Corps. In 1943, he was made deputy commander of the China-Burma-India Theater, and assumed command of the Burma-India Theater in October 1944. In 1945, he was made Inspector General of the United States Army, and served in that position until his death in 1947. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal four times, the Legion of Merit, the Bronze Star Medal, and made a Companion of the Order of the Bath. Early life
<mask> was born on December 9, 1885, in Oxford, Mississippi, to a planter.After attending the University of Mississippi from 1901 to 1903, he attended the United States Military Academy from June 15, 1903, to June 14, 1907, becoming an All-American as a center in football. He graduated 9th in a class of 111. Early

masks:
Daniel Isom Sultan
Sultan
Sultan
Sultan
Sultan
Sultan


title: Daniel Isom Sultan

texts:
 military service
He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the United States Army Corps of Engineers upon graduation, and served in the Third Battalion of Engineers at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, from September 14 to October 1, 1908. He then was stationed at the Washington Barracks from October 3, 1908, to August 24, 1912. While there, <mask> graduated from the Engineer School on February 23, 1910; was the secretary of school from September 7, 1909, to April 12, 1912; was adjutant of the First Battalion of Engineers from October 1, 1909, to April 12, 1912; was a member of the Board on Engineer Troops from March 1 to September 7, 1912; and was promoted to first lieutenant on February 27, 1911. <mask> taught at West Point in the department of engineering from August 24, 1912, to July 18, 1916, and was made a captain on February 27, 1914. In September 1916, he was sent to Fort Mills, on Corregidor Island in the Philippines, where he was in charge of the construction and maintenance of fortifications on Corregidor, Caballo and Grande Islands.While there, he was made a major on May 15, 1917, and a temporary lieutenant-colonel on August 5, 1917. <mask> served in that capacity until October 18, 1917, when he was moved to Manila and placed in charge of all Philippines fortification work on October 19. He left Manila on January 14, 1918, and returned to the United States. On January 21, he was assigned to the War Department General Staff, and served on the staff in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1918, to June 1919, during which time he was made a colonel on July 13, 1918. <mask> was assigned to duty as general staff officer at the headquarters of the American Expeditionary Forces in France from June 1919, to October 1919, when he returned to duty with the War Department General Staff at Washington, D. C.. He was relieved from duty as a general staff officer on January 20, 1922, but continued on with the general staff until August 1922. He had returned to the rank of major on March 15,

masks: Sultan Sultan Sultan Sultan


title: Daniel Isom Sultan

texts:
 1920.For his work as a general staff member, <mask> was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal. Later military service
<mask> was then at Fort Leavenworth as a student officer at the Command and General Staff School from August 1922 to July 1923, and graduated as a 'honor graduate'. He moved to Savannah, Georgia and was the district engineer, in charge of all river and harbor improvements and fortifications in the region, from August 1923 to August 1925. <mask> attended the Army War College from August 1925 to July 1926; and was then a resident member of Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors in Washington, DC from July 1926 to August 1929. Nicaragua survey
<mask> traveled to Nicaragua from August 20 to 29, arriving in Corinto and making his way to Granada. He was in charge of the Nicaragua Canal Survey and commanding US Army troops in Nicaragua beginning in August 1929. The survey gradually made its way through the country, finishing its work in the summer of 1931.On March 31, 1931, Managua was hit by a devastating earthquake. <mask> organized a relief team of 34 soldiers, and was on an emergency committee for responding. He was charged with overseeing the restoration of railroads and water to the city, and chaired a food relief committee that provided 24,000 rations daily by April 24. While in Nicaragua, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel on October 1, 1930, and was made a member of the Interoceanic Canal Board on March 31. <mask>'s command ended in July 1931, and he soon returned to Washington, DC. <mask> then worked on a report about the survey from August 1931 to January 1932. He concluded in a document published as a congressional document that “A canal through Nicaragua will aid our national defense, will foster friendly relations with all Latin America, and will promote trade with Central and South America.It will provide a shorter route from port to port for about two-thirds of the traffic now using the Panama Canal.” He also published an article about the survey

masks: Sultan Sultan Sultan Sultan Sultan Sultan Sultan


title: Daniel Isom Sultan

texts:
 in National Geographic Magazine. <mask> was awarded an oak leaf cluster to his Distinguished Service Medal for his work in Nicaragua, particularly for his response to the earthquake. He was also awarded the Nicaraguan Congressional Medal of Distinction and Presidential Medal of Merit. Commissioner
He was then made district engineer in Chicago, leading construction of the Great Lakes to Mississippi Waterway until July 1934, during which time he was also the administrator of the Civil Works Administration in Cook County, Illinois. From July to September 1934 he worked with the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. <mask> then worked as engineer commissioner of the District of Columbia, a member of the National Capital Park and Planning Commission, the Public Utilities Commission, the Unemployment Compensation Board, and chairman of the Zoning Commission until September 1938. He was made a colonel on October 1, 1935, and vice-chairman of committee that arranged the inauguration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in January 1937.World War II
<mask> then commanded the 2d Regiment of Engineers from October to December 1, 1938, and was promoted to brigadier general on December 1. He commanded Fort Logan, Colorado until June 1939, and led the 22nd Infantry Brigade from July 1939 to February 1941. He led the Hawaiian Division from February 1941 to April 1941, and was promoted to major general on April 3, 1941. <mask> was in command of the 38th Infantry Division from May 1941 to April 1942, and led the VIII Corps until November 1943. He was then ordered to the China-Burma-India Theater in 1943 to act as deputy commander under General Joseph Stilwell. As deputy commander stationed in Allied-controlled New Delhi, <mask> focused largely on logistical issues, ensuring that sufficient supplies arrived in China, particularly by airlifting goods over the Himalayas and constructing the Ledo Road. He was promoted to lieutenant general on September 2, 1944, and on October 24 became commander of

masks: Sultan Sultan Sultan Sultan Sultan