title: Dmitry Medvedev

texts:
 addressing Putin, while Putin addresses <mask> with the less formal 'ty' (ты). According to a poll conducted in September 2009 by the Levada Center in which 1,600 Russians took part, 13% believed <mask> held the most power, 32% believed Putin held the most power, 48% believed that the two shared equal levels of influence, and 7% failed to answer.However, <mask> attempted to affirm his position by stating, "I am the leader of this state, I am the head of this state, and the division of power is based on this." 2012 presidential elections
As both Putin and <mask> could have run for president in the 2012 general elections, there was a view from some analysts that some of <mask>'s contemporaneous actions and comments at the time were designed to separate his image from Putin's. BBC News suggested these might include his dealings in late 2010 with NATO and the United States, possibly designed to show himself as being better able to deal with Western nations, and comments in November about the need for a stronger opposition in Russian politics, to present himself as a moderniser. BBC News observed other analysts considered the split to be exaggerated, that <mask> and Putin were "trying to maximise support for the authorities by appealing to different parts of society". There was belief that the court verdict on former oligarch Mikhail Khodorkovsky and his partner Platon Lebedev, both of whom funded opposition parties before their arrests, would indicate whether or not Putin was "still calling all the shots". On 24 September 2011, while speaking at the United Russia party congress, <mask> announced that he would recommend the party nominate Vladimir Putin as its presidential candidate and that the two men had long ago cut a deal to allow Putin to return to the presidency in


title: Dmitry Medvedev

type: original

texts: 2012 after he was forced to stand down in 2008 by term limits. This switch was termed by many in the media as "rokirovka", the Russian term for the chess move "castling".<mask> said he himself would be ready to perform "practical work in the government". Putin accepted <mask>'s offer the same day, and backed him for the position of the Prime Minister of Russia in case the United Russia, whose list of candidates in the elections <mask> agreed to head, were to win in the upcoming Russian legislative election. The same day, the Russian Orthodox Church endorsed the proposal by President <mask> to let Putin return to the post of President of Russia. On 22 December 2011, in his last state of the nation address in Moscow, <mask> called for comprehensive reform of Russia's political system — including restoring the election of regional governors and allowing half the seats in the State Duma to be directly elected in the regions. "I want to say that I hear those who talk about the need for change, and understand them", <mask> said in an address to the Duma. "We need to give all active citizens the legal chance to participate in political life." However, the opposition to the ruling United Russia party of <mask> and Prime Minister Putin dismissed the proposals as political posturing that failed to adequately address protesters who claimed 4 December election was rigged.On 7 May, on his last day in office, <mask> signed the last documents as the head of state: in the sphere of civil society, protection of human rights and modernisation. He approved the list of instructions by the results of the meeting with the Presidential council on Civil Society and Human Rights, which was held on 28 April. <mask> also approved with his decree "Presidential programme for raising skills of

masks: Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev


title: Dmitry Medvedev

texts:
 engineers for 2012–2014" for modernisation and technological development of the Russian economy. Prime Minister (2012–2020)

First term

On 7 May 2012, the same day he ceased to be the President of Russia, <mask> was nominated by President Vladimir Putin to the office of Prime Minister. On 8 May 2012, the State Duma of the Russian Federation voted on the nomination submitted by the new president, and confirmed the choice of <mask> to the post. Putin's United Russia party, now led by <mask>, secured a majority of the Duma's seats in the 2011 legislative election, winning 49% of the vote, and 238 of the 450 seats. <mask>'s nomination to the office of Prime Minister was approved by the State Duma in a 299–144 vote.First year

<mask> took office as Prime Minister of Russia also on 8 May 2012, after President Vladimir Putin signed the decree formalising his appointment to the office. On 19 May 2012, <mask> took part in the G-8 Summit at Camp David, in the United States, replacing President Putin, who decided not to represent Russia in the summit. <mask> was the first Prime Minister to represent Russia at a G-8 meeting. On 21 May 2012, his Cabinet was appointed and approved by the President. On 26 May, he was approved and officially appointed as the Chairman of United Russia, the ruling Party. Earlier in the same week <mask> was officially joined the party and thereby became Russia's first prime minister affiliated to a political party. Crimea
In the wake of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution, Russia annexed the Crimean Peninsula.On 31 March 2014, <mask> visited Crimea after the peninsula became part of Russia on 18 March. During his visit he announced the formation of the Federal Ministry for Crimea Affairs. Second term

On 7 May 2018, <mask> was nominated as Prime Minister by

masks:
Dmitry Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Dmitry Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Dmitry Medvedev


title: Dmitry Medvedev

texts:
 Vladimir Putin for another term. On 8 May, <mask> was confirmed by the State Duma as Prime Minister, with 374 votes in favour. On 15 May, Putin approved the structure and on 18 May the composition of the Cabinet. In March 2017, discontentment was triggered through <mask>'s depiction in an investigative film by the Anti-Corruption Foundation titled He Is Not Dimon to You. This sparked demonstrations in central Moscow, with the crowd chanting "Medvedev, resign!"as well as "Putin is a thief!" In the summer of 2018, protests country-wide protests took place against the retirement age hike introduced by <mask>'s government. The plan was unexpectedly announced by the government on 14 June, which coincided with the opening day of the 2018 FIFA World Cup hosted by Russia. As a result of the demonstrations, the ratings of <mask> as well as President Putin significantly declined. Following the 2019 Siberia wildfires, <mask> proposed revising regulatory acts on extinguishing fires in regions, and instructed to consult with foreign experts in developing proposals to fight with wildfires. Resignation
<mask>, along with his entire Cabinet resigned on 15 January 2020, after Putin delivered the Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly, in which he proposed several amendments to the constitution. <mask> stated that he was resigning to allow President Putin to make the significant constitutional changes suggested by Putin regarding shifting power away from the presidency.<mask> said that the constitutional changes would "significantly change Russia's balance of power". Putin accepted the resignation. It was announced that <mask>'s Cabinet was the second cabinet that voluntarily resigned after Mikhail Fradkov's cabinet in 2007. Although it was announced that <mask> had voluntarily

masks:
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Dmitry Medvedev
Dmitry Medvedev


title: Dmitry Medvedev

texts:
 resigned (part 1 of Article 117 of the constitution), the Executive Order that was released stated that Putin had announced the resignation as per Article 83 (c) and part 2 of Article 117 of the constitution. Kommersant reported that the use of these sections revealed that it was Putin who had sacked <mask> and that the resignation was not voluntary but forced, since these sections give power to the president to dissolve the government without explanation or motivation. Putin suggested that <mask> take the post of deputy chairman of the Security Council. Deputy Chairman of the Security Council (2020–present)
On 16 January 2020, <mask> was appointed to the post of Deputy Chairman of Security Council of Russia.His salary was set at 618,713 rubles (8,723.85 USD). In a July interview with Komsomolskaya Pravda, <mask> said he retains "good friendly relations" with President Putin, which was in contrast with the opinion of many circles that his departure from the role of Prime Minister was a result of a rift in the domestic policies of both men. Personal life

<mask> is married and has a son named Ilya Dmitrevich <mask> (born 1995). His wife, Svetlana Vladimirovna <mask>, was both his childhood friend and school sweetheart. They married several years after their graduation from secondary school in 1982. <mask> is a fan of British hard rock, listing Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath, Pink Floyd, and Deep Purple as his favourite bands. He is a collector of their original vinyl records and has previously said that he has collected all of the recordings of Deep Purple.As a youth, he made copies of their records, even though these bands were then on the official state-issued blacklist. In February 2008, <mask> and Sergei Ivanov attended a Deep Purple concert in Moscow together. During a

masks: Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedeva Medvedev Medvedev


title: Dmitry Medvedev

texts: visit to Serbia, <mask> received the highest award of the Serbian Orthodox Church, the Order of St. Sava, for "his contribution to the unity of the world Orthodoxy and his love to the Serbian people." <mask> always reserves an hour each morning and again each evening to swim and weight train. He swims  twice a day. He also jogs, plays chess, and practices yoga. Among his hobbies are reading the works of Mikhail Bulgakov and he is also a fan of the Harry Potter series after asking J. K. Rowling for her autograph when they met during the G-20 London Summit in April 2009.He is also a fan of football and follows his hometown professional football team, FC Zenit Saint Petersburg. <mask> is an avid amateur photographer. In January 2010, one of his photographs was sold at a charity auction for 51 million rubles (US$1,750,000), making it one of the most expensive ever sold. The photo was purchased by Mikhail Zingarevich, a co-founder and member of the board of directors of the Ilim Group at which <mask> worked as a lawyer in the 90s. <mask>'s reported 2007 annual income was $80,000, and he reported approximately the same amount as bank savings. <mask>'s wife reported no savings or income. They live in an upscale apartment house "Zolotye Klyuchi" in Moscow.Despite this supposedly modest income, a video by anti-corruption activist Alexei Navalny purports to show "the vast trove of mansions, villas and vineyards accumulated" by <mask>. On the Russian-language Internet, <mask> is sometimes associated with the Medved meme, linked to padonki slang, which resulted in many ironic and satirical writings and cartoons that blend <mask> with a bear. (The word medved means "bear" in Russian and the surname "Medvedev" is a patronymic which means "of the bears".) <mask> is familiar with this

masks: Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev Medvedev


title: Dmitry Medvedev

texts:
 phenomenon and takes no offence, stating that the web meme has the right to exist. <mask> speaks English, in addition to his native Russian, but during interviews he speaks only Russian. Corruption allegations

In September 2016, opposition leader Alexei Navalny published a report with information about <mask>'s alleged summer residence ("dacha") – an 80 hectare estate with plethora of houses, a ski run, a cascading swimming pool, three helipads and purpose-built communications towers. The estate even includes a house for ducks, which received public ridicule and led to ducks becoming a protest symbol in Russia a year later.The area is surrounded by a six-foot (1.82 meter) fence and is allegedly 30 times the size of Red Square, the iconic square in Moscow. This summer residence is an expensively renovated 18th century manor called  and located in Plyos on the shore of Volga River. In March 2017, Navalny and the Anti-Corruption Foundation published another in-depth investigation of properties and residences used by <mask> and his family. A report called He Is Not Dimon To You shows how <mask> allegedly owns and controls large areas of land, villas, palaces, yachts, expensive apartments, wineries and estates through complicated ownership structures involving shell companies and foundations. Their total value is estimated at around US$1.2 billion. The report states that the original source of wealth is gifts by Russian oligarchs and loans from state owned banks. An hour long YouTube video in Russian was released together with the report.A month after release, the video had more than 24 million views. <mask> dismissed the allegations, calling them "nonsense". These revelations have resulted in large protests throughout Russia. Russian authorities responded by arresting

masks:
Medvedev
Dmitry Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev


title: Dmitry Medvedev

texts:
 protesters in unauthorised protests—hundreds were arrested including Alexei Navalny, which the government called "an illegal provocation". An April 2017 Levada poll found that 45% of surveyed Russians supported the resignation of <mask>. Publications

<mask> wrote two short articles on the subject of his doctoral dissertation in Russian law journals. He is also one of the authors of a textbook on civil law for universities first published in 1991 (the 6th edition of Civil Law.In 3 Volumes. was published in 2007). He is the author of a university textbook, Questions of Russia's National Development, first published in 2007, concerning the role of the Russian state in social policy and economic development. He is also the lead co-author of a book of legal commentary entitled, A Commentary on the Federal Law "On the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation". This work considers the Russian Federal law on the civil service, which went into effect on 27 July 2004, from multiple perspectives — scholarly, jurisprudential, practical, enforcement- and implementation-related. In October 2008, President <mask> delivered the first podcast at the presidential website. His videoblog posts have also been posted in the official LiveJournal community blog_medvedev

On 23 June 2011, <mask> participated in launching of the "Eternal Values" project of RIA Novosti state-operated news agency together with Russian chapter of Wikimedia Foundation.RIA Novosti granted free Creative Commons licences to one hundred of its images, while <mask> registered as <mask> for RIAN and personally uploaded one of those photographs to Wikimedia Commons. On 13 April 2009, <mask> gave a major interview to the Novaya Gazeta newspaper. The interview was the first one he had ever given to a Russian print

masks:
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Medvedev
Dmitry Medvedev
Medvedev


title: Dmitry Medvedev

texts:
 publication and covered such issues as civil society and the social contract, transparency of public officials and Internet development. Photo book. Electoral history

Presidential election

Prime minister nominations

References

Citations

General sources

  Photo book. External links

 Personal website
 Personal video-blog
 Official site of the Prime Minister of Russia
 Video blogs
 Official profile of <mask> at VK

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1965 births
Living people
21st-century presidents of Russia
Campaign managers
Candidates in the 2008 Russian presidential election
Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
Gazprom people
Heads of government of the Russian Federation
Independent politicians in Russia
Kremlin Chiefs of Staff
People of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
People of the Russo-Georgian War
People of the Syrian civil war
Politicians from Saint Petersburg
Presidents of Russia
Russian bloggers
Russian businesspeople
Russian lawyers
Russian people of Ukrainian descent
Russian photographers
Saint Petersburg State University alumni
United Russia politicians
United Russia presidential nominees
Video bloggers
Saint Petersburg State University faculty

20th-century Russian politicians
21st-century Russian politicians
Articles containing video clips
Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 1st class
Recipients of the Order of St. Sava
Recipients of the Order of the Sun of


title: Henry Willson

texts:
<mask> (July 31, 1911 – November 2, 1978) was an American Hollywood talent agent who played a large role in developing the beefcake craze of the 1950s. He was known for his stable of young, attractive clients, including Rock Hudson, Tab Hunter, Chad Everett, Robert Wagner, Nick Adams, Guy Madison, Troy Donahue, Mike Connors, Rory Calhoun, John Saxon, Yale Summers, Clint Walker, Doug McClure, Dack Rambo, Ty Hardin, and John Derek. He noticed Rhonda Fleming as she was walking to Beverly Hills High School, brought her to the attention of David O. Selznick, and helped groom her for stardom. He was also instrumental in advancing Lana Turner's career. Early life
<mask> was born into a prominent show business family in Lansdowne, Pennsylvania. His father, Horace, was the vice-president of the Columbia Phonograph Company and advanced to the presidency in 1922. <mask> came in close contact with many Broadway theatre, opera, and vaudeville performers.Will Rogers, Fanny Brice, and Fred Stone numbered among the family's friends, after they moved to Forest Hills, an upscale neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens. Concerned about his son's interest in tap dance, the elder <mask> enrolled <mask> in the Asheville School in North Carolina, where he hoped the school's many team sports and rugged weekend activities, such as rock climbing and backpacking, would have a positive influence on the boy. He later attended Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut, spending weekends in Manhattan, where he wrote weekly gossip columns for Variety. Hollywood years
In 1933, <mask> traveled to Hollywood by steamship via the Panama Canal. On board he cultivated a friendship

masks:
Henry Leroy Willson
Willson
Willson
Willson
Henry
Willson


title: Henry Willson

texts: with Bing Crosby's wife, Dixie Lee, who introduced him to the Hollywood elite and secured him a job with Photoplay, where his first article was about the newborn Gary Crosby. He began writing for The Hollywood Reporter and the New Movie Magazine, became a junior agent at the Joyce & Polimer Agency, moved into a Beverly Hills home purchased by his father, and became a regular at Sunset Strip gay bars, where he wooed young men for both professional and personal reasons. One of his first clients was Junior Durkin, whose career was cut short when he died in an automobile accident on May 4, 1935.<mask> joined the Zeppo Marx Agency, where he represented newcomers Marjorie Belcher, Jon Hall, and William T. Orr. He was introduced to Judy Turner, a Hollywood High School student, in 1937, whom he renamed "Lana Turner" and got cast in small roles, finally introducing her to Mervyn LeRoy at Warner Bros. In 1943, David O. Selznick hired <mask> to head the talent division of his newly formed Vanguard Pictures. The first film he cast was the World War II drama Since You Went Away (1944) with Claudette Colbert, Jennifer Jones, and Shirley Temple. He placed Guy Madison, Craig Stevens, and John Derek (billed as Dare Harris) in small supporting roles. <mask> eventually opened his own talent agency, where he nurtured the careers of his young finds, frequently coercing them into sexual relationships in exchange for publicity and film roles. In his book, Screened Out: Playing Gay in Hollywood from Edison to Stonewall, Richard Barrios writes, "talent agent <mask>... had a singular knack for discovering and renaming young actors whose visual appeal transcended any lack of ability.Under

masks:
Willson
Willson
Willson
Henry Willson


title: Henry Willson

texts:
 his tutelage, Robert Mosely became Guy Madison, Orison Whipple Hungerford Jr. was renamed Ty Hardin, Arthur Gelien was changed to Tab Hunter, and Roy Scherer turned into Rock Hudson. So successful was the beefcake aspect of this enterprise, and so widely recognized was <mask>'s sexuality, that it was often, and often inaccurately, assumed that all of his clients were gay. In her book "Natasha: The Biography of Natalie Wood", Suzanne Finstad confirms that "some of the would-be actors <mask> represented were heterosexual, but a disproportionate number were homosexual, bisexual, or 'co-operated' with Willson 'to get gigs,' in the observation of Natalie [Wood]'s costar Bobby Hyatt. ..." "if a young, handsome actor had <mask> for an agent, 'it was almost assumed he was gay, like it was written across his forehead,' recalls Ann Doran, one of <mask>'s few female clients." His most prominent client was Rock Hudson, whom he transformed from a clumsy, naive, Chicago-born truck driver named Roy Scherer into one of Hollywood's most popular leading men. The two were teamed professionally until 1966. In 1955, Confidential magazine threatened to publish an exposé about Hudson's secret homosexual life, and <mask> disclosed information about Rory Calhoun's years in prison and Tab Hunter's arrest at a gay party in 1950 in exchange for the tabloid not printing the Hudson story.At his agent's urging, Hudson married <mask>'s secretary Phyllis Gates in order to put the rumors to rest and maintain a macho image, but the union dissolved after three years. Later years and death
In his later years, <mask> struggled with drug addiction, alcoholism, paranoia, and weight problems. Because

masks:
Willson
Willson
Henry Willson
Willson
Willson
Willson
Willson


title: Henry Willson

texts:
 his own homosexuality had become public knowledge, many of his clients, both gay and straight, distanced themselves from him for fear of being branded the same. In 1974, the unemployed and destitute agent moved into the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital, where he remained until he died of cirrhosis of the liver. With no money to cover the cost of a gravestone, he was interred in an unmarked grave in Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery in North Hollywood, California. A headstone was eventually placed at his burial site with the epitaph "Star - Star Maker". In popular culture
<mask> is portrayed by Jim Parsons in the 2020 Netflix miniseries Hollywood, a counterfactual re-imagining of post World War II Hollywood.Notes

References
Richard Barrios, Screened Out: Playing Gay in Hollywood from Edison to Stonewall (2002). Robert Hofler, The Man Who Invented Rock Hudson: The Pretty Boys and Dirty Deals of <mask>on. Carroll & Graf, 2005,

1911 births
1978 deaths
People from Lansdowne, Pennsylvania
American talent agents
Deaths from cirrhosis
Hollywood talent agents
Hollywood history and culture
People from Forest Hills, Queens
Wesleyan University alumni
LGBT people from Pennsylvania
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century LGBT

masks:
Willson
Henry Wills


title: Maureen Watson

texts:
<mask>, also known as "<mask>" (9 November 1931 – 4 January 2009), was a supporter of Aboriginal rights in Australia, actor, vocalist, writer, musician and storyteller. Childhood
<mask> was born on 9 November 1931, in Rockhampton, Queensland, her mother's Kungulu country and attended school in the Dawson Valley, where she involved herself heavily in sport. In 1944, at the age of 13, she was forced to leave her education after obtaining a serious injury falling off a horse. During adolescence, she worked alongside her father and developed skills in shooting kangaroos, trapping dingos, mustering, droving and branding cattle, picking cotton, planting seed crops, driving tractors and bulldozing. Throughout her childhood, her family and visitors talked of political and social issues, which with her natural storytelling ability, assisted her in the rest of her life. Personal life
In 1952, at the age of 21, <mask> married Harold Bayles, a Wakka Wakka man from Eidsvold, Queensland. Together they had five sons and, in 1970 together with her family, she moved to Brisbane.She joined the growing Aboriginal rights movement and commenced an arts degree at the University of Queensland. She was a founding member of a number of Indigenous organisations including Radio Redfern (now Koori Radio) and the Aboriginal people's gallery. Political activism
In 1982, along with her brother, Ross, <mask> attended and was at the forefront of the Aboriginal protests at the Commonwealth Games in Brisbane. The protesters gathered and marched in Musgrave Park in South Brisbane, because they wanted the Aborigines Act removed, as Queensland was the last state to retain it. Hundreds of people were arrested,

masks:
Maureen Watson
Aunty Maureen
Watson
Watson
Watson


title: Maureen Watson

texts:
 including <mask> who was arrested three times. Achievements and community contributions

Books
<mask> produced an audiobook of numerous children's stories in 1994, called From Dreamtime to Spaceships. She created a children's picture book, Kaiyu's Waiting: An Aboriginal Story, illustrated by David Verral, and published in 1984.Poetry
<mask> had a strong interest in both theatre and poetry. This helped her create numerous pieces of poetry, her first collection being published in 1982. In her poetry, she describes how Aboriginal people are viewed by the rest of society as well as how they view the modern world. Black Child, written in 1977, poetry
 I Too Am Human, written in 1977, poetry
 Black Reflections, written in 1982, short stories and poetry
 Memo to J.C, written in 1988, poetry
 Female of the Species, written in 1988, poetry
 Stepping Out, written in 1988, poetry
 Don't Bash the Loving Out of Me, written in 1995, poetry
 Kangaroo, Kangaroo, Where Have You Been? : Nursery Rhymes and Storytelling, written in 1999, an autobiography poetry prose dreaming story

Involvement in theatre industry
<mask> was involved in the theatre industry as an actor, vocalist, narrativist, adaptor and writer. Performances took her on tours throughout Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria as well as other places around the globe. The plays she contributed to include:
 Vocalist in “New Sky”, October 1983, performed at Playhouse, Newcastle, New South Wales
 Narrated in "Mundu Nyuringu", 1983, a film by Robert Bropho
 Acted in "Honey Spot", July 1988, performed at Cremorne Theatre, South Brisbane, Queensland as well as numerous other theatres through New South Wales and Victoria
 Adaptor in

masks: Maureen Watson Watson Watson


title: Maureen Watson

texts:
 "You Came to My Country But You Didn't Turn Black", 1990, performed at the Queensland Museum, in South Bank, Queensland
 Wrote "Through Murri Eyes", September 1992, performed at the Jagera Arts Centre, South Brisbane, Queensland
 Acted in "Little White Dress", June 1996, performed at Performing Arts Centre, Southbank, Queensland
 Wrote and acted in "Kickin' Up the Dust", May 1998, performed at Swinburne University, Hawthorn, Victoria

Gallery
In 1981, she moved to Sydney, where she set up the Aboriginal peoples gallery in Redfern.It was difficult to get permission for the gallery. The shop was not aimed at making a profit, it was more for those who wanted to put their work on display and to express who they are through their art work. Radio
Watson was a driving force behind the development of the indigenous broadcasting in Sydney community radio. With her son, Tiga Bayles, she laid the foundation of Radio Redfern in 1981. Radio Redfern was allowed 10 hours of airtime weekly. Radio Skid Row gave them this opportunity because they were allocated a community broadcasting licence in 1984. The station was initially broadcast from the University of Sydney, but then later moved to a terrace house on Cope Street in Redfern, still under the license of 2RSR.The station was considered the voice for Aboriginal people in Sydney. In 1988 it played a big role in co-ordinating political protests against the Bicentennial celebrations and Aboriginal deaths in custody in the early 1990s. Radio Redfern grew to have 40 broadcast hours each week, with all the announcers contributing their time voluntarily. Awards
<mask> was the recipient of numerous honours, including the United Nations


title: Maureen Watson

texts:
 Association Global Leadership Prize in 1996, for her labour in contributing to creating a cross-cultural understanding and harmony amongst the community. In 1996, in recognition of her national and international contribution towards bringing awareness to Aboriginal arts, she was presented the Australia Council's Red Ochre Award. Australia Council for the Arts
The Australia Council for the Arts is the arts funding and advisory body for the Government of Australia. Since 1993, it has awarded a Red Ochre Award.It is presented to an outstanding Indigenous Australian (Aboriginal Australian or Torres Strait Islander) artist for lifetime achievement. |-
| 1996
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Work with Sisters Inside
An experienced and qualified neuro-linguistic programming counsellor, <mask> worked with Sisters Inside, an independent support group for women in prison. Death
On 4 January 2009, at approximately 3 pm, <mask> had a stroke which proved fatal. In the days before her death, she spent time with her 24 grandchildren and numerous great grandchildren on Stradbroke Island. Her funeral service took place on 12 January 2009 at Murri School in Acacia Ridge, Queensland. References

1931 births
2009 deaths
Australian indigenous rights activists
Women human rights

masks: Watson Watson


title: Jorge Sedano

texts:
<mask> is an American sports broadcaster and talk show host. He began his career in 1999 and is currently a radio and television personality at ESPN. Background

<mask> was born in New York and raised in Miami, Florida. He attended Monsignor Edward Pace High School and Florida International University. He interned at CBS Sportsline and Westwood One Radio, where he worked under Scott Kaplan and Sid Rosenberg. Radio career

Early career
<mask>, began his career in 1999 as a host/update anchor/producer at WAFN-AM 1700 The Fan in Miami. He hosted a midday sports show with John DeCandido as well as hosting a weekend pro wrestling show at the height of the industry's "Monday Night Wars".At The Fan, <mask> was the lead-in show for former nationally syndicated sports talk host John Renshaw. In 2001, <mask> moved to Clear Channel's Miami sports talk station WRFX-AM 940 Fox Sports (now WINZ-AM), where he got his first chance at hosting a drive time show. He was quickly handed the reins of the station's afternoon drive show, Sports Talk South Florida. Fox Sports Radio Network
In February 2004, Sedano was given an opportunity to host a late night national weekend show on Fox Sports Radio Network. Five months later, after the departure of their overnight weekday host Jim Daniels, FSR auditioned Sedano as a possible replacement. In August 2004, <mask> was named the host of the weekday overnight show, The Third Shift on Fox with <mask>. Despite Fox Sports Radio's programming originating out of Los Angeles, Sedano's show mostly originated out of a studio in Miami (due to his duties with the Miami Heat Radio Network).At that time he was known as, "The Dean" of late-night sports talk. During his tenure, his show was the most cleared

masks:
Jorge Sedano
Jorge
Jorge Sedano
Jorge
Sedano
Sedano
Jorge Sedano


title: Jorge Sedano

texts:
 show, in late night syndicated sports radio. <mask> hosted The Third Shift on Fox until September 2007. He left the position to take a weekday job in his hometown of Miami, at WAXY 790 The Ticket. Sedano continued to host weekend specialty shows for Fox Sports Radio Network through 2009. Miami Heat Radio Network
Beginning in 2004, while Sedano was working on Fox Sports Radio, he was also the host of the Miami Heat Radio Network on 610 WIOD-AM. <mask>'s opportunity to host the teams radio network coincided with Miami's trade for Shaquille O'Neal.<mask> was the studio host on radio for three seasons, beginning with the 2004-2005 season through the 2006-2007 season and including the NBA Championship year of the 2005-06 Miami Heat season. During his time on the radio broadcasts, he worked with play by play voice Mike Inglis, and analysts John Crotty and Tony Fiorentino. 790 The Ticket
Sedano returned home full-time, to work at Miami's WAXY AM 790 The Ticket. His show on WAXY was called The <mask> Show. While at The Ticket, he hosted several different time slots. He began his career at The Ticket hosting two midday slots over the course of two years. The first was 10am-1pm where he beat South Florida ratings king Neil Rogers and Noon-3pm, where he was the lead in to the Dan Le Batard show.Later in 2009, he was named the morning show host. The show aired weekday mornings from 6am-10am. Within one year, <mask>'s show became the highest rated morning sports show in Miami. On April 10, 2012, <mask> announced on his Twitter account that he was leaving his morning radio show. At that time, <mask> announced that he was leaving to pursue other projects in the media industry. 560 WQAM
It was announced on August 30, 2012, that

masks:
Jorge
Sedano
Sedano
Jorge Sedano
Sedano
Sedano
Sedano


title: Jorge Sedano

texts:
 <mask> would join WQAM. He was named program director and afternoon drive host (3pm-7pm).ESPN Radio
On July 15, 2013, it was reported that Sedano would leave his positions as program director and afternoon talk show host at WQAM to join ESPN Radio. At ESPN Radio he hosted The Sedano Show from 7pm-9pm ET. On March 25, 2015, it was reported that Sedano would join Bomani Jones and Freddie Coleman as part of a restructured ESPN Radio lineup. In 2016, Sedano began co-hosting mornings with Keyshawn Johnson and LZ Granderson on Los Angeles ESPN affiliate KSPN. Sedano moved to afternoons in 2018 and to early evenings in August 2019. As of February 2020, he is heard from 10 AM to noon. In August 2020, Sedano will begin hosting late afternoons with LZ Granderson.Television career

CBS 4 WFOR-TV
In November 2010, <mask> was added as third sports anchor for CBS 4 WFOR-TV. He continued in that role at the CBS O&O through August 2012. Fox Sports/Sun Sports
It was announced on August 30, that <mask> would be the studio host for Sun Sports Miami Heat road telecasts. He hosted the studio with John Crotty throughout the 2012-13 NBA Season. ESPN
On September 6, 2013 it was announced by ESPN, Sedano would become a full-time host on ESPN Radio. In addition to his new role on ESPN Radio, Sedano will contribute to SportsCenter and other ESPN studio programming. Other previous TV work
In 2008, Sedano also appeared on a reality TV show Model Latina as a judge for the show's second season in Miami.From 2010-2012, Sedano was a regular contributor to the NFL Network's Top 10 show. In 2012, he hosted a fantasy baseball show for CBSSports.com. Play-by-play
<mask> served on the Florida International University football broadcast team for the

masks: Sedano Jorge Sedano Jorge


title: Jorge Sedano

texts:
 2009 & 2010 seasons. During the NBA Lockout, Sedano was selected to the television broadcast of the South Florida Charity All Star Classic. A charity basketball game, that aired on WBFS-TV My TV 33 (Miami), was held on October 8, 2011 and was hosted by LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, Chris Bosh, along with Isiah Thomas and the FIU Athletic Department. Both teams that competed in the event were manned by some of the biggest stars in the NBA. Sedano, handled play by play duties, along with pre game interviews with the NBA stars.Print
For two years beginning in 2010, Sedano served as a contributor for The Miami Herald sports section. Awards and recognition
In 2004, Sedano was a finalist for the Florida Associated Press Radio Sportscaster of the Year Award. In 2010, <mask> was Miami's Best AM Radio Personality awarded to him by the Miami New Times. In 2012, <mask> was named one of the Top 20 Professionals Under the Age of 40 by the Miami publication Brickell Magazine. References

Miami Heat announcers
American radio personalities
Living people
1977 births
People from Miami
Florida International University people
National Basketball Association broadcasters
American television reporters and correspondents
American talk radio hosts
American television sports announcers
Radio personalities from

masks:
Jorge
Jorge Sedano


title: Ina Vandebroek

texts:
<mask> is an ethnobotanist working in the areas of floristics, ethnobotany and community health. Since 2005, she has worked at The New York Botanical Garden in the Institute of Economic Botany. She has worked on ethnobotanical projects in North America, the Caribbean, and South America. Education
In 1991, <mask> received a BSc. in biology from Ghent University in Belgium with research in the fields of morphology and systematics. Her undergraduate dissertation was on the effects of naloxone and apomorphine on captivity-induced stereotyped behavior in the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus). In 1998, she received a Ph.D. in Medical Sciences from Ghent University with a graduate dissertation titled "Research into the neurobiochemical background of captivity-induced stereotyped behavior in the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus): ethopharmacology and intra-cerebral microdialysis".Career

Ghent University

From 2000 until 2002, Vandebroek worked as a postdoctoral researcher and was the lead researcher on a project funded by the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology of the Belgian government through Ghent University. The project was based in Bolivia and known as "Medicinal Plant Explorations in the Andes and Amazon Regions of Bolivia Ethnographic and ethnobotanical research was conducted in a traditional farming community in the Andes and in indigenous communities in the Amazon in Bolivia." She summarized the results as follows. "The results demonstrated that knowledge held by traditional healers about medicinal plants can also be high in an environment such as the Andes that is significantly affected by human activity and is less diverse as compared to the tropical rainforest. In the Amazon, knowledge about medicinal plants was inversely related to the use of pharmaceutical

masks:
Ina Vandebroek
Vandebroek


title: Ina Vandebroek

texts:
 the present day, <mask> has been the Matthew Calbraith Perry Assistant Curator of Economic Botany and Caribbean Program Director at the New York Botanical Garden. In this capacity, she directs the Caribbean and Latino Ethnomedicine Program, which investigates and compares the use of medicinal plants for healthcare by Latino and Caribbean communities living in New York City and their countries of origin. Dominicans, Puerto Ricans, Mexicans, Jamaicans are the central populations involved in these research studies. She and her team study wild and cultivated plants that are used culturally as medicines and foods, as well as "folk illnesses," and how they are related to mainstream biomedicine, in terms of the biological efficacy and safety of these plants, and the gap in biomedical knowledge about illnesses with a strong cultural component. The project aims to use research results in order to develop materials used for medical education. She has been interviewed about her work on PBS, WNBC, The Wall Street Journal, The Smithsonian Magazine, National Geographic's The Plate and The New York Times. Other work
Vandebroek is also a lecturer at the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and an adjunct member of the City University of New York Biology Doctoral Faculty Plant Sciences Subprogram at (The Graduate Center, CUNY).Vandebroek is Deputy Editor for the Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, Associate Editor for Economic Botany, and Editorial Board Member for Ethnobiology and Conservation. She has been a council member for professional societies, including the International Society of Ethnobiology from 2008 to 2010, and the Society for Economic Botany from 2010 to 2013. Selected publications

Books

Selected peer-reviewed journal articles

 Van Andel, Tinde, Hugo J.


title: Ina Vandebroek

texts:
 de Boer, Joanne Barnes & <mask> <mask> (2014). Medicinal plants used for menstrual disorders in Latin America, the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia and their uterine properties: A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 155: 992–1000. <mask>, <mask> & Michael J. Balick (2014) Lime for Chest Congestion, Bitter Orange for Diabetes: Foods as Medicines in the Dominican Community in New York City. Economic Botany 68: 177–189.Hanazaki, Natalia, Dannieli Firme Herbst, Mel Simionato Marques & <mask> <mask> (2013) Evidence of the shifting baseline syndrome in ethnobotanical research. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 9: 75. <mask>, <mask> (2013) Intercultural health and ethnobotany: How to improve healthcare for underserved and minority communities? Journal of Ethnopharmacology 148: 746–754. Van Andel, Tinde, Sylvia Mitchell, Gabriele Volpato, <mask> <mask>, Jorik Swier, Sofie Ruysschaert, Carlos Ariel Rentería Jiménez & Niels Raas (2012). In search of the perfect aphrodisiac: Parallel use of bitter tonics in West Africa and the Caribbean. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 143: 840–850.Henderson, Flor, <mask> <mask>, Michael J. Balick & Edward J. Kennelly (2012) Ethnobotanical research skills for students of underrepresented minorities in STEM disciplines. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 10: 389–402. Mathez-Stiefel, Sarah-Lan, <mask> <mask> & Stephan Rist (2012) Can Andean medicine coexist with biomedical healthcare? A comparison of two rural communities in Peru and Bolivia. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 8: 26
 <mask>, <mask> & Michael J. Balick (2012) Globalization and loss of plant knowledge: Challenging the paradigm. PloS ONE 7: 5
 Mathez-Stiefel, Sarah-Lan & <mask> <mask> (2012) Distribution and Transmission of Medicinal Plant Knowledge in the

masks: Ina Vandebroek Vandebroek Ina Ina Vandebroek Vandebroek Ina Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Vandebroek Ina Ina Vandebroek


title: Ina Vandebroek

texts:
 Andean Highlands: A Case Study from Peru and Bolivia. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012
 Ceuterick, Melissa, <mask> <mask> & Andrea Pieroni (2011) Resilience of Andean urban ethnobotanies.A comparison of medicinal plant use among Bolivian and Peruvian migrants in the United Kingdom and in their countries of origin. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 136: 27–54. Thomas, Evert, David Douterlungne, <mask> <mask>, Frieke Heens, Paul Goetghebeur & Patrick Van Damme (2011) Human impact on wild firewood species in the rural Andes community of Apillapampa, Bolivia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 178: 333–347. <mask>, <mask>, Victoria Reyes-García, Ulysses Paulino de Albuquerque, Rainer W. Bussmann & Andrea Pieroni (2011) Local knowledge: Who cares? Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 7: 35
 <mask>, Ina (2010) The dual intracultural and intercultural relationship between medicinal plant knowledge and consensus. Economic Botany 64: 303–317.<mask>, <mask>, Michael J. Balick, Andreana Ososki, Fredi Kronenberg, Jolene Yukes, Christine Wade, Francisco Jiménez, Brígido Peguero & Daisy Castillo (2010) The importance of botellas and other plant mixtures in Dominican traditional medicine. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 128: 20–41. Keller, Amy, <mask> <mask>, Youping Liu, Michael J. Balick, Fredi Kronenberg, Edward J. Kennelly & Anne-Marie B. Brillantes (2009). Costus spicatus tea failed to improve diabetic progression in C57BLKS/J db/db mice, a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 121: 248–254
 Thomas, Evert, <mask> <mask> & Patrick Van Damme (2009) Valuation of forests and plant species in Indigenous Territory and National Park Isiboro-Sécure, Bolivia. Economic Botany 63: 229–241. Thomas, Evert, <mask> <mask>, Patrick Van Damme, Lucio

masks: Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Vandebroek Ina Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek


title: Ina Vandebroek

texts:
 Semo & Zacaria Noza (2009) Susto etiology and treatment according to Bolivian Trinitario people: a "masters of the animal species" phenomenon.Medical Anthropology Quarterly 23: 298–319. Thomas, Evert, <mask> <mask>, Patrick Van Damme, Paul Goetghebeur, David Douterlungne, Sabino Sanca & Susana Arrazola (2009) The relation between accessibility, diversity and indigenous valuation of vegetation in the Bolivian Andes. Journal of Arid Environments 73: 854–861. Thomas, Evert, <mask> <mask>, Sabino Sanca & Patrick Van Damme (2009) Cultural significance of medicinal plant families and species among Quechua farmers in Apillapampa, Bolivia. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 122: 60–67. <mask>, <mask>, Evert Thomas, Sabino Sanca, Patrick Van Damme, Luc Van Puyvelde & Norbert De Kimpe (2008) Comparison of health conditions treated with traditional and biomedical healthcare in a Quechua community in rural Bolivia. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 4:1.Ceuterick, Melissa, <mask> <mask>, Bren Torry & Andrea Pieroni (2008) Cross-cultural adaptation in urban ethnobotany: The Colombian folk pharmacopoeia in London. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 120: 342–359. Thomas, Evert, <mask> <mask>, Patrick Van Damme, Paul Goetghebeur, Sabino Sanca & Susana Arrazola (2008) The Relationship between Plant Use and Plant Diversity in the Bolivian Andes, with Special Reference to Medicinal Plant Use. Human Ecology 36: 861- 861–879
 Thomas, Evert, <mask> <mask> & Patrick Van Damme (2007). What works in the field? A comparison of different interviewing methods in ethnobotany with special reference to the use of photographs. Economic Botany 61: 376–384.Bussmann, Rainer W., Douglas Sharon, <mask> <mask>, Ana Jones & Zachary Revene (2007). Health for sale: The medicinal plant markets in Trujillo and Chiclayo,

masks: Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Vandebroek Ina Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek


title: Ina Vandebroek

texts:
 Northern Peru. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 3:37. Delanoy, Marleen, Xavier Scheldeman, <mask> <mask>, Patrick Van Damme & Stephan Beck (2007) Small-scale Cultivation of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa and Passiflora ligularis in the Yungas of La Paz, Bolivia. Belgian Journal of Botany 140: 150–160. Pieroni, Andrea, Lisa Leimar Price & <mask> Vandebroek (2005) Welcome to the Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (Editorial). Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 1:1
 <mask>, <mask>, Patrick Van Damme, Luc Van Puyvelde, Susana Arrazola & Norbert De Kimpe (2004) A comparison of traditional healers' medicinal plant knowledge in the Bolivian Andes and Amazon.Social Science & Medicine 59: 837–849
 <mask>, <mask>, Jan-Bart Calewaert, Stijn De Jonckheere, Sabino Sanca, Lucio Semo, Patrick Van Damme, Luc Van Puyvelde & Norbert De Kimpe (2004) Use of medicinal plants and pharmaceuticals by indigenous communities in the Bolivian Andes and Amazon. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 82: 243–250 (IF 2,4). Leading article in the Research Section. De Cupere, Françoise, <mask> <mask>, Mayra Puentes, Sinesio Torres & Patrick Van Damme (2001) Evaluation of vegetal extracts as biological herbi- and pesticides for their use in Cuban agriculture. Mededelingen / Universiteit Gent, Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen (Currently Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences) 66/2a: 455–462. References

External links

 <mask> <mask> Vandebroek at Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies|
 Ina <mask> at Graduate Center, CUNY

20th-century American botanists
21st-century American botanists
Ethnobotanists
Living people
American women botanists
Year of birth missing (living people)
20th-century American women
21st-century

masks: Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroek Ina Ina Vandebroek Ina Vandebroeka Vandebroek


title: Stanislas Dehaene

texts:
<mask> (born May 12, 1965) is a French author and cognitive neuroscientist whose research centers on a number of topics, including numerical cognition, the neural basis of reading and the neural correlates of consciousness. As of 2017, he is a professor at the Collège de France and, since 1989, the director of INSERM Unit 562, "Cognitive Neuroimaging". <mask> was one of ten people to be awarded the James S. McDonnell Foundation Centennial Fellowship in 1999 for his work on the "Cognitive Neuroscience of Numeracy". In 2003, together with Denis Le Bihan, <mask> was awarded the Grand Prix scientifique de la Fondation Louis D. from the Institut de France. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2010. In 2014, together with Giacomo Rizzolatti and Trevor Robbins, he was awarded the Brain Prize. <mask> is an associate editor of the journal Cognition, and a member of the editorial board of several other journals, including NeuroImage, PLoS Biology, Developmental Science, and Neuroscience of Consciousness.Training
<mask> began his training as a mathematician, studying mathematics at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris from 1984 to 1989. He obtained his master's degree in Applied mathematics and computer science in 1985 from the University of Paris VI. He turned to neuroscience and psychology after reading Jean-Pierre Changeux's book, L'Homme neuronal (Neuronal Man: The Biology of The Mind). Inspired by his reading of Changeux's work, Dehaene began to collaborate with him on computational neuronal models of human cognition, including working memory and task control, collaborations which continue to the present day.

masks:
Stanislas Dehaene
Dehaene
Dehaene
Dehaene
Dehaene


title: Stanislas Dehaene

texts:
 <mask> then completed his PhD in Experimental Psychology in 1989 with Jacques Mehler at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), Paris. After receiving his doctorate, <mask> became a research scientist at INSERM in the Cognitive Sciences and Psycholinguistics Laboratory (Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique) directed by Mehler. He also spent two years, from 1992 to 1994, as a post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, with Michael Posner at the University of Oregon.<mask> then returned to France, where he began his own research group, which today numbers nearly 30 graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and researchers. In 2005, he was elected to the newly created Chair of Experimental Psychology at the Collège de France. Expertise

Numerical cognition

<mask> is best known for his work on numerical cognition, a discipline which he popularized and synthesized with the publication of his 1997 book, The Number Sense (La Bosse des maths) which won the  for best French language general-audience scientific book. He began his studies of numerical cognition with Jacques Mehler, examining the cross-linguistic frequency of number words, whether numbers were understood in an analog or compositional manner, and the connection between numbers and space (the "SNARC effect"). With Changeux, he then developed a computational model of numerical abilities, which predicted log-gaussian tuning functions for number neurons, a finding which has now been elegantly confirmed with single-unit physiology

With long-time collaborator Laurent Cohen, a neurologist at the

masks: Dehaene Dehaene Dehaene Dehaene


title: Stanislas Dehaene

texts:
 Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris, Dehaene also identified patients with lesions in different regions of the parietal lobe with impaired multiplication, but preserved subtraction (associated with lesions of the inferior parietal lobule) and others with impaired subtraction, but preserved multiplication (associated with lesions to the intraparietal sulcus). This double dissociation suggested that different neural substrates for overlearned, linguistically mediated calculations, like multiplication, are mediated by inferior parietal regions, while on-line computations, like subtraction are mediated by the intraparietal sulcus. Shortly thereafter, <mask> began EEG and functional neuroimaging studies of these capacities, showing that parietal and frontal regions were specifically involved in mathematical cognition, including the dissociation between subtraction and multiplication observed in his previous patient studies.Together with Pierre Pica, and Elizabeth Spelke, <mask> <mask> has studied the numeracy and numeral expressions of the mundurucu (an indigenous tribe living in Para, Brazil). Consciousness
<mask> subsequently turned his attention to work on the neural correlates of consciousness, leading to numerous scientific articles, an edited book, "The Cognitive Neuroscience of Consciousness" and is the Past President of the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness. <mask> has developed computational models of consciousness, based on Bernard Baars's Global Workspace Theory, which suggest that only one piece of information can gain access to a "global neuronal workspace". To explore the neural basis of this

masks: Dehaene Stanislas Dehaene Dehaene Dehaene


title: Stanislas Dehaene

texts:
 global neuronal workspace, he has conducted functional neuroimaging experiments of masking and the attentional blink, which show that information that reaches conscious awareness leads to increased activation in a network of parietal and frontal regions. However, some of his work on this subject has been called into question due to a methodological flaw in the "standard reasoning of unconscious priming". Neural basis of reading
In addition, Dehaene has used brain imaging to study language processing in monolingual and bilingual subjects, and in collaboration with Laurent Cohen, the neural basis of reading. <mask> and Cohen initially focused on the role of ventral stream regions in visual word recognition, and in particular the role of the left inferior temporal cortex for reading written words.They identified a region they called the "visual word form area" (VWFA) that was consistently activated during reading, and also found that when this region was surgically removed to treat patients with intractable epilepsy, reading abilities were severely impaired. Dehaene, Cohen and colleagues have subsequently demonstrated that, rather than being a single area, the VWFA is the highest stage in a hierarchy of visual feature extraction for letter and word recognition. More recently, they have turned their attention to how learning to read may depend on a process of "neuronal recycling" that causes brain circuits originally evolved for object recognition to become tuned to recognize frequent letters, pairs of letters and words, and have tested these ideas examining brain responses in a group of adults who did not learn to read due to


title: Stanislas Dehaene

texts:
 social and cultural constraints. Bibliography

As editor
 Dehaene, S. (Ed.) Numerical Cognition. Oxford, Blackwell. .
 Dehaene, S.(Ed.) Le Cerveau en action: l'imagerie cérébrale en psychologie cognitive. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1997. .
 <mask>, S. (Ed.) The Cognitive Neuroscience of Consciousness. MIT Press, 2001. .
 <mask>, S. Duhamel, J.R., Hauser, M. and Rizzolatti, G. (Ed.)From Monkey Brain to Human Brain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005. .

As author
 La Bosse des maths. Paris: Odile Jacob, 1997. . The number sense. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997; Cambridge (UK): Penguin press, 1997. .
 Vers une science de la vie mentale. Paris: Fayard, 2007. (Inaugural Lecture at the Collège de France). .
 Les neurones de la lecture.Paris: Odile Jacob, 2007. .
 Reading in the brain. New York: Penguin, 2009.  .
 Consciousness and the Brain: Deciphering How the Brain Codes Our Thoughts. Viking Adult, 2014. . Le Code de la conscience, Paris: Odile Jacob, 2014,
 How We Learn: Why Brains Learn Better Than Any Machine . . . for Now Viking, 2020. .

References

External links

 Laboratory Website
 College de France Entry
 Biography from the Edge Foundation

1965 births
Living people
French neuroscientists
Mathematical cognition researchers
Collège de France faculty
Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Members of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
École Normale Supérieure alumni
Winners of the Heineken Prize
Fellows of the Cognitive Science Society
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Consciousness researchers and theorists
Corresponding Fellows of the

masks: Dehaene Dehaene


title: George Richard Robinson

texts:
<mask> ( – 24 August 1850) was a British Peelite, Conservative and Whig politician. Family and early life
Born around 1781, <mask> was the son of surgeon and Mayor of Wareham, Dorset, <mask>. He never married, but had at least one illegitimate daughter, presumably with a Miss M. Read, whom The Times reported, in 1827, that he had "eloped with", also describing Read as a "beautiful and accomplished daughter of a wealthy merchant residing at Poole", but no record of their marriage has been found. At an early age, he joined the family's Newfoundland trade, which was then headed by Benjamin Lester—who was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Poole between 1790 and 1796—and then Lester's son-in-law, <mask>, who was an MP for the same constituency between 1801 and 1806 and was in partnership with his brother, Joseph Garland, a London corn merchant, until 1805. Following this, <mask> worked in Joseph Garland's London office, before joining Hart, Eppes and Gaden, with whom he went to St. John's to control its operations, becoming a partner of the firm in 1810, when he was joined at the firm by John Bingley Garland, brother of Benjamin Lester Lester, Poole MP between 1809 and 1835. By 1815, the firm was named Hart, Garland and Robinson and was one of the largest in Newfoundland trade. In 1822, upon Hart's retirement, <mask> became the firm's senior partner, and remained head of the firm until his death.Political career

Worcester MP (1826–1837)

1826–1830
<mask> first entered Parliament after the 1826 general election as an MP for Worcester. While he

masks:
George Richard Robinson
Robinson
Richard Robinson
George Garland
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson


title: George Richard Robinson

texts: claimed to be "independent" and "unconnected with any party", and having the support of non-resident freemen across the country, he is recorded in various works as acting as a Whig—despite, at a dinner, expressing approval of the Tory government headed by Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool. At the same dinner, he "eulogised" the Tory Foreign Secretary <mask>. He attended parliament regularly, and campaigned for tariff reforms, represented shipping interests and North American colonies, and advocated Newfoundland's claim to an independent legislative assembly. The latter was established and <mask>'s partner, John Bingley Garland, served as the first speaker in 1833. In Parliament, <mask> denounced "fraudulent schemes" of joint-stock companies, voted against the Duke of Clarence's grant, for Catholic emancipation, for revision of the Corn Laws, and against increased protection for barley. He also advocated inquiries into electoral interference by the Leicester corporation, and Irish estimates, and seconded Thomas Davies' successful motion for the appointment of a select committee on polling—although he later rebuked Davies' suggestions of limiting the duration of polls and providing multiple booths, fearing this would "abridge the freedom of election", presenting a hostile petition from Worcester.He also moved an amendment to extend the poll to 10 days in length in order to accommodate out-voters, and threatened to "take advantage of the forms of the House" to stop the progress of reform bills, although this failed. He advocated an

masks:
George Canning
Robinson
Robinson


title: George Richard Robinson

texts: inquiry into the Devon and Cornwall Mining Company, and for the disfranchisement of Penryn. <mask> presented numerous petitions for the repeal of the Test Acts, and voted in this way in the House of Commons, and secured accounts of government expenses in Newfoundland, calling for a "small naval force" to protect the area's fishing fleet. On free trade, <mask> was initially favourable to the "principle" of it, but not unless "something like reciprocity" had been established—and defended the notion of tariff retaliation against the United States in 1828. He spoke and voted to reduce the pivot price of corn, supported repeal of the usury laws, and recommended use of private packets in the place of post office steam vessels. He also supported the unification of Upper and Lower Canada and for an inquiry into "unjustifiable expenditure" on military works there. Throughout the remainder of his Worcester parliamentary career, <mask> presented a number of petitions against distress in the silk industry, and criticised the silk trade bill in 1829—claiming the government "refuse[d] any protection to the manufacturer" but gave "protection to the landed interest".He dissented from anti-Catholic petitions from his constituency, and declared his approval of the Wellington–Peel ministry's concession of emancipation. By this point, he was voting steadily with the Whigs, and was campaigning heavily for tax reductions particularly on those which "press most heavily on the industrious classes"—protesting that "scarcely one tax has been removed from the

masks: Robinson Robinson Robinson


title: George Richard Robinson

texts:
 necessities of life, or from the articles which are used by the poor and industrious". He attacked plans to reduce duties on French wine and urged "the introduction of the representative system" to some British colonies. 1830–1831
<mask> against stood for election for Worcester at the 1830 general election, professing support for "every practical reduction in political expenditure" and claiming he had never "mixed myself with any degree of party". He also denied allegations he was an "enemy to the poor". Despite this, he was returned unopposed, and he immediately renewed his campaign for a review of taxation and an "amelioration of the condition of the people", stating that "without inquiry, and without remedy, the state of the country can never be improved". Again, despite being listed as a Whig by reference books, he was noted as a "foe" by the Wellington government, and divided against the party on the civil list in 1830, and made a number of criticisms on issues including stamp duty, slavery, and colonial trade.He then criticised the Grey ministry's proposals for ambassadorial pensions, condemned its civil list as "monstrous" and giving rise to potential "odium and scandal"—but also approved of much of its Budget, despite still disproving of plans to reduce duties on French wines and foreign timber. He began to advocate a "graduated property tax", which he argued would "have the effect of relieving all branches of protective industry", and voted in favour of the reform bill caveating this action with an insistence that he was not


title: George Richard Robinson

texts:
 "pledged to any of the details" but had some "approbation of the principle". 1831–1832
Campaigning ahead of the 1831 general election, <mask> mocked those who backed "moderate reform", claiming this was the "greatest bug-bear that ever was attempted to be put upon the people". He declared he was "an opponent of the free trade system... while trade in corn remains shackled". He was then returned unopposed, again, for Worcester. In Parliament, he "harassed ministers" over the government of Newfoundland and welcomed a commission of inquiry into colonial establishments, also urging for a legislative assembly similar to those in other North American colonies. He again resumed calls for a reform of taxation and against the reduction of French wine duties.<mask> was a supporter of an Irish poor law, and wished to suppress the introduction of a writ for Liverpool and Pembrokeshire. At the 1831 coronation of William IV, he came with an "enormous nosegay in his hand, which excited much laughter". He then voted for the second reading of the reintroduced reform bill, but dismissed universal suffrage, dividing at least twice against the notion, while briefly speaking for the overall bill. He got frustrated, however, at interruptions, noting that "we must not, night after night, waste our time in debate on frivolous points". Throughout the debate, defended arrangements for Wareham and Stoke-upon-Trent, against the division of county constituencies, and for the enfranchisement of £50 tenants-at-will. In December 1831, he rejected an anti-reform petition

masks: Robinson Robinson


title: George Richard Robinson

texts:
 from Worcestershire, and continued to give steady support for reform. For the remainder of the parliament, in 1832, he continued to demand inquiries into distress, and voted against the vestries bill.He argued against the anatomy bill, warning that legalising the "sale of human bodies" would "facilitiate and encourage the commission of murder". He also called for a modified property tax and inquiries into how the "whole system of taxation can be remodeled" and into glove trade, also presenting petitions on the inquiry into silk trade. He opposed the sale of beer bill and endorsed and presented a hostile petition on the matter. He continued to support representative reforms in Newfoundland and New South Wales. 1832–1847
<mask> was returned for Worcester once more, as a Whig, at the 1832 general election, and continued to press for tax reforms before retiring at the 1837 general election. In 1841, he stood unsuccessfully as a Conservative at Tower Hamlets, before being elected a Peelite member for Poole in 1847, holding the seat until his death in 1850. Appointments
In 1828 <mask> was appointed Chairman of Lloyd's of London and "helped Lloyd's to recover its prestige over the next decade and a half".Death
Upon his death, dated 24 August 1850, he directed all of his interest in Newfoundland should be sold for his daughter, who was then living in Paris, and her children. He left annuities of £500 to Thomas Brooking, his business partner, £100 to <mask> Brooking, his godson, and £200 to his Ellen Garland, his goddaughter. A further £7,000 was

masks:
Robinson
Robinson
George Thomas


title: Rayed Mohammed Abdullah Ali

texts:
<mask> (born 1978) is a Saudi Arabian student pilot, notable for having been deported from New Zealand in 2006 after it was realised that he had lived and trained in the USA with Hani Hanjour, one of the hijacking pilots in the September 11, 2001 attacks. Time in New Zealand
<mask> entered New Zealand in February 2006 on a student visa, saying his dream was to become a commercial airline pilot and that he needed an English language qualification to assist. He then moved to Auckland to learn English and then moved to Palmerston North to fly at the Manawatu Aero Club. He told the Palmerston North flight school that he had obtained his private pilot's certificate in the United States and spent several years there before returning to Saudi Arabia to work in his father's textile business. He wanted to pass the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) exam so he could return home to train for his commercial pilot's licence. On May 29, 2006, New Zealand authorities raided <mask>'s Palmerston North home, and on May 30 he was deported back to Saudi Arabia under escort. On June 10, 2006 the New Zealand government released a statement saying that <mask> was deported because he "posed a threat to national security" and confirmed that he had lived and trained in Phoenix, Arizona, USA with fellow Saudi Hani Hanjour in the months leading up to the September 11, 2001 attacks.Section 72
It was only the second time that section 72 of the New Zealand Immigration Act has been used to deport someone. Its use requires the consent of the Governor-General, and there is no right of appeal. It was used for the deportation of Soviet spy Anvar Kadyrov, a former KGB operative who was apprehended by New Zealand authorities in 1991 while attempting to obtain a New Zealand passport using a copy of a birth certificate of a deceased. Section 72 provides that where the Immigration Minister certifies that the continued presence in New Zealand of a person constitutes a threat to national security, the Governor-General may, by order in council, order that person's deportation. New Zealand Police seized <mask>'s flight logbook from the

masks:
Rayed Mohammed Abdullah Ali
Ali
Ali
Ali
Ali


title: Rayed Mohammed Abdullah Ali

texts:
 flight school, where he had flown several times in a Cessna aircraft accompanied by the flight school instructors. Immigration authorities also stated that <mask> used a variation of his name when entering the country. In 2004, the Arizona Daily Star reported him as <mask> <mask>.<mask> <mask>'s connections
New Zealand Immigration Minister David Cunliffe said that <mask> "was directly associated with persons responsible for the terrorist attacks in the United States on Sept. 11, 2001" He also quoted excerpts from the U.S. government's 9/11 Commission Report on the attacks regarding <mask> <mask> <mask>. The report says <mask> lived and trained in Phoenix, Arizona with Hani Hanjour, the Saudi Arabian believed to have piloted Flight 77 into the Pentagon, on September 11, 2001. <mask> was a leader at the Islamic Cultural Centre in Phoenix where, the FBI says, he "reportedly gave extremist speeches at the mosque". Immigration Minister David Cunliffe also said that he could not comment on what happened after <mask> returned to Saudi Arabia nor could he comment on what information he had on him or where it came from. "We're satisfied he is the right man." The 9/11 Commission Report also says <mask> attended the same Phoenix flight school as Hanjour and records show the pair used a flight simulator together on June 23, 2001. Flight instructors at the Manawatu Aero Club say <mask> wore a baseball cap, smart shirts and baggy trousers and favoured burgers and fries over halal food.One of the instructors, Captain Singh, a former Indian Air Force officer trained in intelligence, who accompanied <mask> on several flights in a Cessna 152 aircraft, says <mask> had a Yemeni passport and he was naturally suspicious at first. "At the time of September 11 he would have been in the US. I asked him some very direct questions about his US flying experience and found he was quite intelligent and a moderate person. He was not at all fundamentalist - he was against those people." "I found his standard to be very good", "He wanted to fly in Saudi Arabia or the [Arab] Emirates and was doing instrument training in the US before September

masks:
Ali
Rayed
Mohammed Abdullah
Rayed
Ali
Ali
Rayed
Mohammed Abdullah
Ali
Ali
Abdullah
Ali
Abdullah
Ali
Ali
Ali


title: Rayed Mohammed Abdullah Ali

texts:
 11 but said that since then everyone had treated him suspiciously. I'm 99 per cent sure he was genuine." <mask> told Captain Singh he was born and raised in Saudi Arabia but travelled on a Yemeni passport because his father was from Yemen and Saudi Arabia had refused to give him citizenship.When he returned to Palmerston North, he told Captain Singh he had missed an application deadline and been unable to sit the IELTS exam in Auckland. He planned to re-apply in Palmerston North for the IELTS course, where it was cheaper to fly than in Auckland. The tip off
On July 13, 2006, the New Zealand Herald newspaper reported that New Zealand's security agencies discovered the identity of <mask> <mask> <mask> after a tip off from Ardmore Flying School, which is approximately 20 kilometres south of the Auckland CBD. The New Zealand Herald reported: "A month later, on April 12, <mask> visited Ardmore Flying School and attempted to enroll in a flying course - an action which school general manager Craig Hunter believes may have been the beginning of the end of <mask>'s time in New Zealand. The school would not let <mask> fly as he did not want to follow rules established to protect overseas student." "He was not the least bit interested in complying with the rules, in terms of we would have made him pay a third of his total fee and he would have been granted an eight-month visa and we would have made him reapply for a student visa with the Ardmore Flying School as his training provider", the Herald reported. Prime Minister Helen Clark defended on her government's decision to deport <mask> "When you have someone who clearly has been a close associate of a terrorist who took a plane into the Pentagon, it's clearly not useful to be providing them with pilot training in New Zealand".References

External links
  NZ deports '9/11 linked man' CNN.com, June 10, 2006;
 New Zealand: Sept. 11 Attacker's Roommate Sneaked Into Our Country FoxNews.com, June 12, 2006
 New 9/11-Style Plot In The Works? CBSNews.com, July 27, 2006

1978 births
Living people
Saudi Arabian expatriates in New Zealand
Saudi Arabian expatriates in the United

masks:
Ali
Rayed
Mohammad Abdullah
Ali
Ali
Ali
Ali
Ali


title: Paul Hinkler

texts:
<mask> (25 June 1892 – 13 April 1945) was a prominent member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). He served as Gauleiter of Gau Halle-Merseburg and was a high-ranking police official for most of the Nazi regime. Early life
<mask> spent his youth in Thorn, where he attended elementary and grammar school and completed teacher’s training. He began his career as a teacher in February 1914 but, when the First World War was declared in August, he volunteered for service in Foot Artillery Regiment 11. He saw action first on the Eastern Front, and from August 1918 on the Western Front. He suffered a nervous breakdown while fighting near Soissons in September 1918 and was sent to Thorn hospital. Discharged from army service with a partial disability as a Leutnant of the reserve in March 1919, he returned to teaching in Zippow near Schneidemühl, now Piła in Poland.In the same year he joined the Freikorps and became a district leader in Posen-West Prussia. In 1920 he became a member of the Marburg student corps in Gotha and Ohrdruf. In 1921 he passed his secondary teacher examinations. In August 1921 he moved to Freyburg. Nazi Party career
On 1 July 1922, he joined the Nazi Party and in May 1923, the Sturmabteilung (SA). Between 1922 and 1924 <mask> was the Freyburg leader of the Stahlhelm, a veterans’ paramilitary organization. During the legal ban on the NSDAP, <mask> worked as a district leader of Wehrwolf, a nationalist and anti-republican paramilitary military association.He was also a district commander in the Frontbann, a front organization for the also banned SA. After the re-establishment of the NSDAP, he rejoined the party and the SA on 27 May 1925 (membership number 5,492). He became the leader of the SA (Sturmführer) of Freyburg in June 1925. Because of his political and SA activities, <mask> was temporarily suspended from his teaching position on 1 May 1925. On 11 August 1926, he was permanently dismissed from his position due to the commission of a violent offense. In the NSDAP, <mask> successively held positions as Ortsgruppenleiter (Local Leader),

masks:
Paul Georg Otto Hinkler
Hinkler
Hinkler
Hinkler
Hinkler
Hinkler


title: Paul Hinkler

texts:
 Bezirksleiter (District Leader) and Untergauleiter (Assistant Gauleiter) in Gau Halle-Merseburg. In July 1926 he was named Gau SA-Führer in Halle-Merseburg, and held this position through 1928.On 25 July 1926, he was appointed Gauleiter of Halle-Merseburg as the successor to Walter Ernst, who had been its first Gauleiter. Between 1927 and 1931 he was also a City Councilor in Halle. In the election to the Prussian Landtag in May 1928, <mask> was defeated but he was elected to the Provincial Landtag of the Prussian Province of Saxony and became the leader of its NSDAP parliamentary group. On 5 May 1930, <mask> became a member of the National Socialist Motor Corps with membership number 13. On 10 October 1930, he was elected a member of the Prussian Landtag and he was named Executive Director of the Nazi parliamentary faction, holding this position until February 1933. In May 1932 he also became chairman of the budget committee. Named as a national speaker (Reichsredner) for the Party, he was then granted a leave of absence from his Gauleiter position, and was succeeded by Rudolf Jordan on 19 January 1931.In 1932 <mask> became a member of the Advisory Board of the Prussian State Bank. He also became the editor of the daily newspaper Der Kampf. Nazi Police career
After the seizure of power by the Nazis, <mask> was appointed Police President of Altona-Wandsbek on 29 March 1933, heading the joint police force for the two independent cities. In that capacity he was also the head of the Secret State Police (Gestapo) there. From 29 July 1933, he headed the Gestapo for the entire Schleswig region of the Province of Schleswig-Holstein. In this position, <mask> was responsible for the persecution of Jews, Social Democrats, Communists and all other persons and groups who were considered enemies of the new regime. On 11 August 1933, he requested that one of his predecessors, the Social Democrat Otto Eggerstedt, police chief of Altona and Wandsbek from 1929 to 1932, be sent to Esterwegen concentration camp and be closely guarded.Eggerstedt was transferred,

masks: Hinkler Hinkler Hinkler Hinkler Hinkler


title: Paul Hinkler

texts:
 subjected to harsh treatment, and on 12 October 1933 was "shot while trying to escape". On 15 November 1933, <mask> was briefly appointed head of the Gestapo in Berlin by Hermann Göring as the temporary successor to Rudolf Diels. However, he was forced out of that position after two weeks when rumors spread of alcohol dependence and mental weakness. <mask> remained Police President of Altona-Wandsbek and head of the Gestapo there until 31 March 1937, when he lost his position as a result of the territorial reorganization mandated by the Greater Hamburg Act. <mask> had unsuccessfully applied to stand for election to the Reichstag on 29 March 1936. However, on 20 July 1936, <mask> replaced sitting Reichstag Deputy Cuno Meyer, who was removed from office for financial irregularities. <mask> represented electoral constituency 8 (Liegnitz) in Lower Silesia but in the 10 April 1938 election, he was elected for electoral district 34 (Hamburg).On 29 August 1938, <mask> became the acting Police President of Wuppertal and on 8 March 1939 his appointment was made permanent. In 1940 he was temporarily drafted into the Wehrmacht. In his SA career <mask> was promoted several times, ultimately on 9 November 1942 to SA-Gruppenführer. After conflicts with the local Düsseldorf Gauleiter Friedrich Karl Florian, <mask> was placed on indefinite leave, effective 1 December 1943. He was placed at the disposal of the staff of the SA high command to 1945. Toward the end of the war, as Allied soldiers closed in on him, <mask> committed suicide by taking poison on 13 April 1945 in Nißmitz near Freyburg. References

Sources

External links
<mask> in Acts of the Reich Chancellery

1892 births
1945 suicides
Gauleiters
German police officers
German military personnel of World War I
German newspaper editors
Members of the Reichstag of Nazi Germany
National Socialist Motor Corps members
Nazi Party officials
Nazi Party politicians
Nazis who committed suicide in Germany
Politicians from Berlin
Sturmabteilung officers
Suicides by cyanide poisoning
Suicides by poison
20th-century

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Hinkler
Hinkler
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Paul Hinkler


title: Christof Koch

texts:
<mask> (; born November 13, 1956) is a German-American neurophysiologist and computational neuroscientist best known for his work on the neural basis of consciousness. He is the president and chief scientist of the Allen Institute for Brain Science in Seattle. From 1986 until 2013, he was a professor at the California Institute of Technology. Early life and education
<mask> was born in the Midwestern United States, and subsequently was raised in the Netherlands, Germany, Canada, and Morocco. <mask> is the son of German parents; his father was a diplomat, as is his older brother Michael. He was raised as a Roman Catholic and attended a Jesuit high school in Morocco. His interest in consciousness commenced as an child when he decided that consciousness must apply to all animals not just humans.He received a PhD in sciences for his works in the field of nonlinear information processing from the Max Planck Institute in Tübingen, Germany, in 1982. <mask> worked for four years at the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at MIT before joining, in 1986, the newly started Computation and Neural Systems PhD program at the California Institute of Technology. <mask> has authored more than 300 scientific papers and five books about how computers and neurons process information. In 1986, <mask> and Shimon Ullman proposed the idea of a visual saliency map in the primate visual system. Subsequently, his then PhD-student, Laurent Itti, and <mask> developed a popular suite of visual saliency algorithms. For over two decades, <mask> and his students have carried out detailed biophysical simulations of the electrical properties of neuronal tissue, from simulating the details of the action potential propagation along axons and dendrites to the synthesis of the local field potential and the EEG from the electrical activity of large populations of excitable

masks:
Christof Koch
Koch
Koch
Koch
Career Koch
Koch
Koch
Koch


title: Christof Koch

texts:
 neurons. Since the early 1990s, <mask> has argued that identifying the mechanistic basis of consciousness is a scientifically tractable problem, and has been  influential in arguing that consciousness can be approached using the modern tools of neurobiology.He and his student Nao Tsuchiya invented continuous flash suppression, an efficient psychophysical masking technique for rendering images invisible for many seconds. They have used this technique to argue that selective attention and consciousness are distinct phenomena, with distinct biological functions and mechanisms. <mask>'s primary collaborator in the endeavor of locating the neural correlates of consciousness was the molecular biologist turned neuroscientist, Francis Crick, starting with their first paper in 1990 and their last one, that Crick edited on the day of his death, July 24, 2004, on the relationship between the claustrum, a mysterious anatomical structure situated underneath the insular cortex, and consciousness. Over the last decade, <mask> has worked closely with the psychiatrist and neuroscientist Giulio Tononi. <mask> advocates for a modern variant of panpsychism, the ancient philosophical belief that some form of consciousness can be found in all things. Tononi's Integrated Information Theory (IIT) of consciousness differs from classical
panpsychism in that it only ascribes consciousness to things with some degree of irreducible cause-effect power, which could include the internet "Thus, its sheer number of components exceeds that of any one human brain. Whether or not the Internet today feels like something to itself is completely speculative.Still, it is certainly conceivable." but does not include "a bunch of disconnected neurons in a dish, a heap of sand, a galaxy of stars or a black hole," and by providing an analytical and empirically accessible

masks: Koch Koch Koch Koch


title: Christof Koch

texts:
 framework for understanding experience and its mechanistic
origins. He and Tononi claim that IIT is able to solve the problem in conceiving how one mind can be composed of an aggregate of "smaller" minds, known as the combination problem. <mask> writes a popular column, Consciousness Redux, for Scientific American Mind on scientific and popular topics pertaining to consciousness. <mask> co-founded the Methods in Computational Neuroscience summer course at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole in 1988, the Neuromorphic Engineering summer school in Telluride, Colorado in 1994 and the Dynamic Brain summer course at the Friday Harbor Laboratories on San Juan Island in 2014. All three summer schools continue to be taught. In early 2011, <mask> became the chief scientist and the President of the Allen Institute for Brain Science, leading their  ten-year project concerning high-throughput large-scale cortical coding.The mission is to understand the computations that lead from photons to behavior by observing and modeling the physical transformations of signals in the visual brain of behaving mice. The project seeks to  catalogue all the building blocks (ca. 100 distinct cell types) of the then visual cortical regions and associated structures (thalamus, colliculus) and their dynamics. The scientists seek to know what the animal sees, how it thinks, and how it decides. They seek to map out the murine mind in a quantitative manner. The Allen Institute for Brain Science currently
employs about 300 scientists, engineers, technologists and supporting personnel. The first eight years of this ten-year endeavor to build brain observatories were funded by a donation more than $500 million by Microsoft founder and philanthropist Paul G. Allen.<mask> is a proponent of the idea of consciousness emerging out of complex nervous networks. In


title: Christof Koch

texts:
 2014, he published a short discussion work, In which I argue that consciousness is a fundamental property of complex things, where he introduced the concept that consciousness is a fundamental property of networked entities, and therefore cannot be derived from anything else, since it is a simple substance. Personal life
<mask> is a vegetarian, a bicyclist, and an experienced rock climber. Books
Methods in Neuronal Modeling: From Ions to Networks, The MIT Press, (1998),
Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons, Oxford Press, (1999),
The Quest for Consciousness: a Neurobiological Approach, Roberts and Co., (2004),
Consciousness: Confessions of a Romantic Reductionist, The MIT Press, (2012),
 The Feeling of Life Itself - Why Consciousness is Widespread but Can't be Computed, The MIT Press, (2019),

Selected Publications

References

External links

  at the California Institute of Technology
Neural Correlates of Consciousness, Scholarpedia article by <mask>. Koch's Current Book Blog

Multimedia

Online lecture videos from an undergraduate course taught by <mask> on the neurobiological basis of consciousness. Moth talk about <mask>'s relationship to God, death and Francis Crick. Interview with historian Harry Kreissler at UC Berkeley, 2006
Interview on the Brain Science Podcast, 2011
Interview on the Point of Inquiry Podcast, 2012

Interview with <mask> <mask> on the neuroscience of reading and the "movie" in your "mind"
A short presentation on Consciousness in 2014 in Zürich

1956 births
Living people
American neuroscientists
Consciousness researchers and theorists
California Institute of Technology faculty
American people of German descent
Panpsychism
People from Kansas City, Missouri
Max Planck Society alumni
University of Tübingen alumni
20th-century American physicists
21st-century American

masks: Koch Koch Koch Koch Christof Koch


title: Victor Glynn

texts: <mask> (born 11 October 1956) is a film and television producer and writer. <mask> was born in Balham, London. After working for the BBC World Service for a number of years in the mid to late 1970s he joined Michael Bogdanov at the Young Vic Theatre, London as Press Officer. He then worked at a wide range of theatres as a publicist, including the Old Vic, Liverpool Playhouse, Oxford Playhouse and in the West End. He co-produced a number of plays at the Edinburgh Fringe and also Here's a Funny Thing, a play about Max Miller starring John Bardon at the Fortune Theatre in London in January 1982. This production was filmed for Channel Four and broadcast in November 1982. He maintained his involvement in theatre as a Director of the English Shakespeare Company from its inception in 1986 under the joint artistic direction of Michael Bogdanov and Michael Pennington.At the age of 25, in 1982, he started producing independent films. Over the next three years he produced many productions for the nascent Channel Four. These included Good and Bad at Games, the first screenplay written by William Boyd, Michael Bogdanov's adaptation of Hiawatha with the National Theatre, and the Jack Gold's feature The Chain which starred Warren Mitchell, Bernard Hill, Nigel Hawthorne, Billie Whitelaw and Leo McKern. For the BBC and Masterpiece Theatre, he was Executive Producer of Noël Coward's Star Quality, a series of six plays which starred, among others, Judi Dench, Ian Holm, Susannah York, Ian Richardson, Patricia Hayes, Max Wall, Gary Waldhorn, Nigel Havers and a very young Hugh Laurie. From 1984 until 1996 <mask> was with Portman Productions, later Portman Zenith Group, initially as Head of Production and for the last nine years as Chief Executive. In 1987, <mask> co- produced Mike Leigh's film The Short and Curlies and in 1988 co-produced (with Simon Channing-Williams) the Mike Leigh feature High Hopes for Channel Four and Palace Pictures. In 1988, having co-developed Home and Away and co-produced the pilot for

masks:
Victor Glynn
Career Glynn
Glynn
Glynn


title: Victor Glynn

texts:
 Angelica Huston. Chairman of GCB Films, he is also a Fellow of the Oxford Media Academy and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, in London. A tutor and examiner at Oxford University Department for Continuing Education between 2009 and 2015, he continues to lecture on a regular basis at Oxford and other universities. He is an Industry Adviser at Saïd Business School. Between 2010 and 2015 he worked with Blackwell UK acting as liaison with Oxford University.The story by The Brothers <mask>, Santa and the Pirates, written by <mask> and illustrated by his brother <mask> is being developed as an animated children's television series. He was co-producer of Underdogs aka Metegol directed by Academy Award winner Juan Jose Campanella. The film was released in Argentina in July 2013 by Universal Studios and attracted an audience over more than two million people. It starred Rupert Grint and Rob Brydon opened in August 2014 in the UK to wide acclaim. The film has won many awards including a Goya in Spain and the Grand Prize at the New York International Children's Film Festival in 2014. A series based on the movie is now in development with Discovery Kids. Family life
<mask> is married to Oxford-based publisher and photographer Sophie Goldsworthy.His first wife, Lorna Gillian (Gill) <mask> (née Hastilow), died in 1999. He has four children. His daughter Harriet is a film executive who has worked with, among others, Morgan Freeman and the late B.B. King and his son Phin is a film producer who has worked with David Tennant and Elisabeth Moss on a movie about R. D. Laing. His elder daughter Katie is a school teacher. His youngest son Alfie is at school in Oxfordshire. <mask> was a second cousin of the comedian and actor Dick Emery.References

External links

 Victor <mask> Branded Entertainment
 Channel Four: <mask>
 British Film Institute
 British Universities Film & Video Council
 ESC Wars of the Roses. In Oxford Magazine Review

Living people
1956 births
British television producers
People from

masks:
Glynn
Victor
Chris Glynn
Glynn
Glynn
Glynn
Glynn
Victor Glynn


title: Bad Boy Bill

texts:
<mask> Boy <mask> (born William Renkosik) is a disc jockey (DJ) from Chicago, Illinois, U.S. who plays an assortment of house music. While only in his teens, <mask> Boy <mask> began his DJ career in 1985 during the Chicago house music movement of the mid to late 1980s. He worked with Mike "Hitman" Wilson and Julian "Jumpin" Perez of the WBMX DJ mixing team, known then as the Hot Mix 5. <mask>'s popularity grew out of DJing parties throughout the Chicago metropolitan area, as well as opening for the Hot Mix 5. <mask> Boy <mask> was a regular DJ on the popular house mixes on WBMX 102.7 FM in Chicago, WGCI 107.5 FM and then on the B96 96.3 FM a top pop station. As a remixer, he landed his first Top Five Billboard Dance Chart hit at the age of 19 – Dada Nada's "Deep Love" which also featured remixes by House music legends Frankie Knuckles & David Morales, Robert Ozn and Steve Wight. Currently, <mask> Boy <mask> plays music ranging from House to Electro, and is known for playing six separate turntables at once.In 1988 and 1989, he was placed within the top three at the Disco Mix Club championships. <mask> Boy <mask> also made an uncredited appearance as the club DJ in the opening scene of the 1998 film Blade. History

Street DJ Promotions era (1987–1995)
Between 1987 and 1995, <mask> produced a series of promotional mixtapes under the name "Street DJ Promotions." These tapes were distributed out of <mask>'s car to local Chicago area record shops, flea markets, and DJ gigs. These mixes included: Hot Mix #1–17, Non-Stop Hip-Hop, Flashbacks Vol. 1 & 2, Classics Vol. 1–3, Street Style 1 & 2, and Gettin' Wicked.<mask> has been credited with the idea of mass-producing mix tapes unlike before, and was apparently

masks: Bad Bill Bad Bill Bill Bad Bill Bad Bill Bad Bill Bill Bill Bill


title: Bad Boy Bill

texts:
 inspired by Andre Lopez, owner of the Hot Jams record store. This caught the attention of the Recording Industry Association of America and music publishing houses who were not paid any royalties from the use of copyrighted music on the vast number of mixtapes being produced and sold throughout Chicago by these many DJs. <mask> then became a part of the licensed-mix movement and started Mix Connection Multimedia (MCM). He has been generally credited with being the first Chicago DJ to produce legally licensed mixes. Mix Connection Multimedia era (1995–2001)
<mask> created MCM in 1995 to produce legally licensed mixes, and as an umbrella company for several side projects and record labels such as International House Records (IHR), Moody Recordings, Contaminated Muzik, Canvas Recordings, and Motus Music. MCM has most notably produced Bangin' The Box Vol. 1–5, The House Connection (w/ Richard "Humpty" Vission) Vol.1–3, and The B-96 Mixmaster Throwdown Vol. 1–5. House Connection (1997–1998)
Bad Boy Bill teamed up with Richard Vission to form a house DJ supergroup called The House Connection. They have released three mix albums, the last in 2013. In May 2006, <mask> reunited with Vission in Dallas and Detroit for a two-day reunion show. Behind The Decks (2003–2006)
In 2003, <mask> released a CD/DVD mixtape titled Behind the Decks. In May 2006, to support the Behind the Decks mixtape, <mask> embarked on a three-day tour called "BTD Live".<mask> performed in clubs like The Church in Denver and The Avalon in Los Angeles. Audio and video were recorded at all three shows and released as the BTD Live concert film in October 2006. On August 5, 2013, The Official Bad Boy Bill YouTube page released House Connection 3, a

masks: Bill Bill Bill Bill Bill Bill


title: Robert Barron

texts:
<mask> (born November 19, 1959) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church serving as auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles. He is the founder of the Catholic ministerial organization Word on Fire, and was the host of the TV series Catholicism, an award-winning documentary about the Catholic faith which aired on PBS. Previously, he served as rector at Mundelein Seminary in the Archdiocese of Chicago. <mask> has published numerous books, essays, and articles on theology and spirituality. He is a religion correspondent for NBC and has also appeared on Fox News, CNN, and EWTN. <mask>'s website, WordOnFire.org, is viewed by millions of people each year. As one of the world's most followed Catholics on social media, he has been informally called the "bishop of social media" and the "bishop of the Internet"., his regular YouTube videos have been viewed over 97 million times; he has over 3 million followers on Facebook, 340,000 on Instagram, and 186,000 on Twitter. In addition, has been invited to speak about religion at the headquarters of Amazon, Facebook, and Google. He has keynoted several conferences and events over the world, including the 2016 World Youth Day in Kraków, Poland, and the 2015 World Meeting of Families in Philadelphia, which marked Pope Francis's visit to the United States. His 2016 film series, Catholicism: The Pivotal Players, debuting in September of that year, was syndicated for national television in the United States. <mask> is a proponent of Hans Urs von Balthasar's “dare we hope” theory, declaring there is "objective ground" for a "hope that all men may be saved". Early life
<mask> <mask> was born on November 19, 1959, in Chicago. He is of Irish descent.He spent his childhood first in Detroit, then in the Chicago suburb of Western Springs. His mother was a homemaker, and his father, who died in 1987, was a national sales manager for John Sexton & Company, a national food distributor. He has a sister and a

masks:
Robert Emmet Barron
Barron
Barron
Barron
Robert Emmet
Barron


title: Robert Barron

texts:
 brother, <mask>, who is the Sun-Times Media Group's publisher and senior vice-president of news and editorial operations. Formation
<mask> discovered the teaching of St. Thomas Aquinas when he was a freshman at Fenwick High School, a private Dominican high school. Aquinas's teaching was formative for <mask> and continues to be influential in his theology. He transferred to Benet Academy, a private Benedictine high school, where he graduated in 1977. <mask> attended the University of Notre Dame for a year before transferring to Mundelein Seminary in Chicago.One year later, he was accepted as a Basselin Scholar at the School of Theology of the Catholic University of America, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy in 1981 and a Master of Arts in philosophy in 1982; his master's thesis was on the political philosophy of Karl Marx. <mask> earned a Licentiate of Sacred Theology from Mundelein Seminary in 1986 and was ordained on May 24, 1986, by Cardinal Joseph Bernardin. After serving as an associate pastor of St. Paul of the Cross Catholic Church in Park Ridge from 1986 to 1989, he was sent to France and earned a Doctor of Sacred Theology at the Institut Catholique de Paris in 1992. His dissertation was titled "Creation as Discipleship: A Study of the De potentia of Thomas Aquinas in Light of the Dogmatik of Paul Tillich". In addition to his native English, <mask> is fluent in French, Spanish, German, and Latin. Priestly ministry
From 1992 until 2015, <mask> was a professor of systematic theology at University of St. Mary of the Lake, where he was also named the inaugural Francis Cardinal George Professor of Faith and Culture in 2008. He also served as president-rector from 2012 to 2015.He lectured extensively in the United States and internationally, including the Pontifical North American College and the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas in Rome. The late Cardinal Francis George called <mask> "one of the Church's best messengers".

masks:
John Barron
Barron
Barron
Barron
Barron
Barron
Barron
Barron