title: Taylor Mitchell

texts:
 scene.The dead coyotes not linked to the attack may have been pack-mates of the attackers. The large male and the female may have been a breeding pair; both were related to the other attack-implicated coyote. In mid-November 2009, a coyote came up behind a couple walking in the park approaching so closely that the man hit it on the head with a walking stick. Park conservation managers and scientists opposed a general cull on the grounds that coyotes have the ability to reproduce quickly, and culling would be likely to have no impact, or the opposite of the desired effect. This reasoning assumes that animals removed from the local gene pool by a cull would have the same propensity to fear humans as those coyotes that avoided being caught and killed. In April 2010, Nova Scotia declared a $20 bounty on coyotes, but this did not apply within the park. Visitors were asked to report encounters with coyotes.Ten months after <mask>'s death a sixteen-year-old girl who went camping with her parents at Broad Cove in Ingonish was bitten twice on the head by a coyote. A  scientific study found that though usually unseen, coyotes were often in proximity to humans. Individual coyotes that are not conditioned by nonlethal aversion measures and fail to avoid humans are killed. Taylor Mitchell Legacy Trust
As a memorial, <mask>'s mother established the Taylor Mitchell Legacy Trust, which has a partnership with the David Suzuki Foundation. The trust promotes community outreach for musical/creative expression as well as educating on habitat preservation, the balance between human and wildlife interaction in both natural and urban settings, as well as safety precautions. See also
Kelly Keen coyote attack
Kenton Carnegie wolf attack

References

External links

<mask> memorial and foundation
Myspace site with media

1990 births
2009 deaths
21st-century Canadian women singers
Accidental deaths in Nova Scotia
Canadian child singers
Canadian women folk singers
Canadian women singer-songwriters
Canadian singer-songwriters
Deaths due to coyote

masks:
Mitchell
Mitchell
Taylor Mitchell


title: Richard Watson Gilder

type: original

texts:
<mask> (February 8, 1844 – November 19, 1909) was an American poet and editor. Life and career

<mask> was born on February 8, 1844 at Bordentown, New Jersey. He was the son of Jane (Nutt<mask> and the Rev. <mask>, and educated at his father's seminary in Flushing, Queens. There he learned to set type and published the St. Thomas Register. <mask> later studied law at Philadelphia. During the American Civil War, he enlisted in the state's Emergency Volunteer Militia as a private in Landis' Philadelphia Battery at the time of the Robert E. Lee's 1863 invasion of Pennsylvania.After the Confederates were defeated in the Battle of Gettysburg, <mask> and his unit were mustered out in August. The death of his father, while serving as chaplain of the Fortieth New York Volunteers, obliged him to give up the study of the law. A little later, he became a reporter on the Newark (New Jersey) Advertiser, of which he was later editor. With Newton Crane, he founded the Newark Register. In 1870, he became editor of Hours at Home, a monthly magazine published by Scribner's. It merged with Scribner's Monthly, which was edited by J. G. Holland. <mask> became managing editor.When Holland died in 1881, <mask> became editor. In November 1881, the monthly was renamed as The Century Magazine, and <mask> remained its editor until his death. <mask>'s assistant editor at Century was Sophia Bledsoe Herrick. Under <mask>'s editorship, The Century became one of the most esteemed periodicals in the country and <mask> himself became influential enough that his biographer Herbert Smith referred to the 1880s as "the Gilder

masks:
Richard Watson Gilder
Gilder
) Gilder
William Henry Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder


title: Richard Watson Gilder

texts:
 Age". He published the works of William Dean Howells, Henry James, Mark Twain, and Walt Whitman

<mask> took an active interest in all public affairs, especially those which tend towards reform and good government, and was a member of many New York clubs. He was one of the founders of the Society of American Architects, of the Authors' Club, and of the International Copyright League. He was a founder of the Anti-Spoils League and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.He was a close friend of George MacDonald, Scottish poet, author, and preacher. They collaborated in various ventures such as MacDonald's American lecture tour in the 1870s. <mask> received the degree of LL.D. from Dickinson College in 1883. As editor of Century Gilder editorialized against women's suffrage. He wrote that giving women the right to vote would destroy the "home woman" who was an anchor of family stability in a changing world. He regarded women as guardians of the nation's morality, and excluded anything from the magazine that would "corrupt" women.<mask> was a member of the Simplified Spelling Board. He was a leader in the organization of the Citizens' Union, a founder and the first president of the Kindergarten Association, and of the New York Association for the Blind. <mask> was chairman of the first Tenement House Commission in New York City. During his service on the commission, he arranged to be called whenever there was a fire in a tenement house, and at all hours of the night he risked his health and his life itself to see the perils besetting the dwellers of the tenements, in order to make

masks: Gilder Gilder Gilder Gilder


title: Richard Watson Gilder

texts:
 wise recommendations as to legislation that would minimize these perils. Family
On June 3, 1874, <mask> married a daughter of Commodore George Coleman De Kay, Helena de <mask> (1846–1916). <mask> met his wife, Helena de <mask>, in May 1872 while she was visiting the offices of Scribner's Monthly, where <mask> <mask> was at the time working as an editor. About a year and a half later, in February 1874, Helena and <mask> became engaged.<mask> <mask> and Helena de <mask> are known to have kept a lengthy correspondence with each other via letter over the course of their marriage. Helena de <mask> is also known to be the subject of love poems written by <mask> <mask>, and they partnered together on some of his books, with her working as the illustrator, such as in Two Worlds and Other Poems (1891). She was a talented painter and a founder of the Art Students League and Society of American Artists. She also modeled for, and was an unrequited love of, the painter Winslow Homer. <mask> and de Kay were the models for the characters Thomas and Augusta Hudson in Wallace Stegner's Pulitzer-prize winning novel, Angle of Repose. Their son, Rodman de Kay <mask> (1877–1953), became an author and married Louise Comfort Tiffany, a daughter of Louis Comfort Tiffany. Their daughter, Rosamond <mask>, was a notable theater critic.A celebrated plaster sculpture of the family by Augustus Saint-Gaudens is owned by the Metropolitan Museum of Art. <mask>'s siblings were William Henry <mask>, an explorer; Jeannette <mask>, a journalist; and Joseph Benson <mask>, an editor. Frank Weitenkampf recounts the following

masks:
Gilder
Kay Gilder
Gilder
Kay Gilder
Richard Watson
Gilder
Richard
Richard Watson
Gilder
Kay Gilder
Kay Gilder
Richard Watson
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Gilder
Leonard Gilder
Gilder


title: Richard Watson Gilder

texts:
 anecdote of <mask> and Alexander Wilson Drake:

Drake and some friends, late one Christmas Eve (or was it Thanksgiving? ), wandering down the Bowery, came across a turkey raffle. They took chances, and won the bird, a large, live specimen. What to do with it? One of the party had a happy idea.Off they marched to <mask>'s house, rang up the butler, and persuaded him to let them tie the bird to a large chair in the front room. Drake continued the story to the effect that <mask> early next morning was aroused by a terrific racket, rushed downstairs, and found the children hilariously dancing around the turkey, whose excited gobbling added to the din. <mask> died November 19, 1909. Selected works

The New Day (1875)
Lyrics and Other Poems (1885)
The Celestial Passion (1887)
Two Worlds and Other Poems (1891)
Five Books of Song (1894)
In Palestine, and Other Poems (1898)
Poems and Inscriptions (1901)
In the Heights (1905)
A Book of Music (1906)
Grover Cleveland: A Record of Friendship
<mask>'s daughter, Rosamond <mask>, edited Letters of <mask> Watson Gilder, published by Houghton Mifflin Company in 1916. See also
 Robert Underwood Johnson

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links

1844 births
1909 deaths
Union Army soldiers
American male poets
Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
American newspaper founders
People from Bordentown, New Jersey
People from Queens, New York
People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War
19th-century American poets
19th-century American male writers
Journalists from New York City
American male non-fiction writers
19th-century American

masks: Gilder Gilder Gilder Gilder Gilder Gilder Richard


title: Ryan Richards

texts:
<mask> (born 24 April 1991) is a British-Jamaican basketball player who plays for the Aomori Wat's of the B.League. He began playing in England and has played for short spells for numerous teams in several countries. He was drafted by the San Antonio Spurs with the 49th overall pick in the 2010 NBA Draft, but never played a regular season game for the team. Junior career
In 2005–06, <mask> played for the Medway Park Crusaders, making regular appearances with the senior team aged only 14, in the English Basketball League's third division. He averaged four points and four rebounds per game and helped the Crusaders finish runner-up in the 2006 National Shield. He also competed for England at the 2006 U16 European Championship (Division B) as an U15 player. Furthermore, he finished second on the team in scoring (9.7 ppg) and third in rebounding (5.6 rpg).In 2006–07, <mask> played for Gran Canaria's U16 cadet team at the Spanish Academy level. He also competed for its U18 junior squad. He posted a 33-point performance in leading his club to a championship. In April 2007, he played for the World Select team at the Nike Hoop Summit at just 15 years old, going 0-2 from the field in three minutes. He later represented England at the 2007 U16 European Championship (Division B), where he averaged 18.6 points and 11.6 rebounds over seven appearances in helping his squad to a fourth-place finish. In 2007–08, <mask> played for C.B. Agüimes of the Junior League of Canaria.He also played in three games for Real Madrid's junior team at the Nike Junior International Tournament, averaging 15.3 points and 6.7 rebounds in 22.4 minutes. Professional career

Early years

masks:
Ryan Earl Richards
Richards
Richards
Richards


title: Ryan Richards

texts:
 (2008–2011)
In 2008, <mask> joined the junior program of Belgian club Belfius Mons-Hainaut. In Belgium's third division, he helped the squad go 16–8 in Group B. In March 2009, <mask> made his debut in the Ethias League. During the 2008–09 season, he also played two games in the Nike Junior International Tournament for German club Brose Baskets, averaging 16.5 points, 11.5 rebounds and 1.0 blocks in 29.3 minutes. <mask> later played two games at the 2009 U-18 European Championship for England, averaging 29.0 points and 13.0 rebounds. For the 2009–10 season, <mask> joined Gran Canaria and started the season with the team's junior squad, La Caja Gran Canaria, in the Spanish EBA.He averaged 10.3 points, 4.0 rebounds and 0.7 blocks in 18.4 minutes per game over three appearances. Following this three-game stint, he began suiting up for the senior squad, but never made it onto the court with Gran Canaria. In January 2010, he was loaned to Swiss club BBC Monthey for the rest of the 2009–10 season. He played six games for Monthey before separating his shoulder. He averaged 13.3 points, 5.2 rebounds and 0.8 blocks in 20.3 minutes. On 24 June 2010, <mask> was selected by the San Antonio Spurs with the 49th overall pick in the 2010 NBA draft. He did not join the Spurs for the 2010–11 season; instead, he spent the season recovering from two shoulder surgeries.Europe and Asia (2011–present)
On 9 September 2011, <mask> signed with Swiss club Lugano Tigers. He left the team in February 2012. Two months later, he signed with BC Sukhumi of the Georgian Superleague. In July 2012, <mask> joined the San Antonio Spurs for the 2012 NBA Summer League. On 6 November 2012,

masks: Richards Richards Richards Richards Richards Richards Richards


title: Ryan Richards

texts: he signed with Polish club Asseco Prokom Gdynia. On 29 January 2013, he parted ways with Gdynia. Two weeks later, he signed with BC Zepter Vienna for the rest of the season.With Zepter Vienna, he won an Austrian League championship. In July 2013, <mask> re-joined the San Antonio Spurs for the 2013 NBA Summer League. He started the 2013–14 season with Dubai-based club Al Nasr, but returned to Europe in December 2013 and joined Greek club Ikaros Chalkidas for the rest of the season. On 19 July 2014, <mask> signed with Zepter Vienna, returning to the club for a second stint. His second stint lasted just five games, as he parted ways with the club on 21 October 2014. Three days later, he signed with Hungarian club BC Körmend for the rest of the season. In April 2015, <mask> moved to Iran where he joined Azad University Tehran.In June 2015, he signed with Chinese NBL side Guangxi Rhino. For the 2015–16 season, <mask> returned to Iran to play for Shahrdari Gorgan. Following the Iranian season, he joined Lebanese club Sagesse. He then had a short stint with Al-Ahli in May 2016. On 26 September 2016, <mask> signed with the San Antonio Spurs for training camp. Three days later, he was waived by the Spurs. On 20 October 2016, <mask> signed with Karpoš Sokoli in Macedonia.On 22 November 2016, he parted ways with Sokoli after appearing in four games. On 3 December 2016, he signed with Sanat Naft Abadan of the Iranian Super League. On 9 March 2018 <mask> signed with Hallmann Vienna of the Österreichische Basketball Bundesliga. On 26 April 2018 <mask> was reported to have parted way with the team without playing a game due to shoulder injury. On 6 July 2020 <mask>

masks: Richards Richards Richards Richards Richards Richards Richards Richards Richards


title: Ryan Richards

texts:
 signed with the Phoenix Brussels of the Pro Basketball League. On 28 November 2020 <mask> signed with the Surrey Scorchers for the 2020–21 BBL season. This will be <mask> second stint with the club in Great Britain.In April 2021, <mask> signed with Angolan club Petro de Luanda to play in the 2021 BAL season. Since September 2021, <mask> plays for Aomori Wat's in the Japanese B.League. ESPN "The Basketball Tournament" appearances
In summer 2016, <mask> joined Overseas Elite to participate in ESPN's The Basketball Tournament. The team repeated as champions of the South region, and eventually went on to defend their title defeating Team Colorado and bringing home an increased $2 million prize. He joined Ram Nation (VCU Alumni) for the 2018 ESPN's The Basketball Tournament. BAL career statistics

|-
|style="text-align:left;"|2021
|style="text-align:left;"|Petro de Luanda
| 6 || 0 || 17.4 || .438 || .500 || .714 || 4.0 || .8 || 1.2 || .0 || 8.5
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 6 || 0 || 17.4 || .438 || .500 || .714 || 4.0 || .8 || 1.2 || .0 || 8.5

References

External links
 <mask> at euroleague.net
 <mask> at fiba.com

1991 births
Living people
Asseco Gdynia players
Atlético Petróleos de Luanda basketball players
BBC Monthey players
BC Kalev/Cramo players
BC Körmend players
Aomori Wat's players
BC Zepter Vienna players
Belfius Mons-Hainaut players
English expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
English men's basketball players
Expatriate basketball people in Estonia
Ikaros B.C. players
Lugano Tigers players
Power forwards (basketball)
San Antonio Spurs draft picks
Sportspeople from London
Sagesse SC basketball

masks:
Richards
Richards
Richards
Richards
Richards
Ryan Richards
Ryan Richards


title: Jorge Newbery

texts:
<mask> (27 May 1875 – 1 March 1914) was an Argentine aviator, civil servant, engineer and scientist. Early and personal life
His father, <mask> (born 1848) was a dentist who emigrated from Long Island, New York, and settled in Argentina after the American Civil War, in which he fought on the Union side of the Battle of Gettysburg and was recognized for his courage. Historical context
<mask> was in the public eye between the 1890s and the first fifteen years of the 20th century, a very important time for Argentina which was characterised by an enormous immigration of Europeans which multiplied the country's demographic importance by a factor of five. The population of Argentina, which represented 0.12% of the global population in 1869, would come to make up 0.57% of mankind in 1930. and the expansion of an economy of agricultural export which increased the GDP per capita from $334 in 1875 to $1,151 in 1913. The Newbery years were years of unshakeable faith in the possibilities of Argentina, when Rubén Darío wrote in his famous Canto a la Argentina y otros poemas: "Argentina, your day has come!" These years saw the appearance of tango, Vaslav Nijinsky dancing in the Teatro Colón, the opening of the Buenos Aires Metro, the arrival of Guglielmo Marconi in Argentina in order to carry out the first radio-telephonic communication with Ireland and Canada. Biography
Son of American-born dentist <mask>, <mask> was born 27 May 1875 in the family home on Florida Street, Buenos Aires.At the age of eight he visited the United States alone. Later, back in Argentina, he studied at  Saint Andrew's Scots School, graduating from secondary school in 1890, and subsequently traveled to the United States

masks:
Jorge Alejandro Newbery Malagarie
Ralph Lamartine Newbery Pcell
Newbery
Ralph Newbery
Jorge


title: Jorge Newbery

texts:
 to study engineering at Cornell University. In 1893 he continued his studies at the Drexel Institute in Philadelphia, where he was a student of Thomas Edison, and in 1895 earned a degree in electrical engineering. On returning to his home country he began working as the head of the "Rio de la Plata Light and Traction Company". In 1897 he joined the Argentine Navy as electrical engineer during the border conflicts with Chile. He worked as a swimming teacher at the Naval School, and in 1899 he was sent to London to acquire electrical materials. His naval career lasted until 1900, when he was named Director General of Electrical, Mechanical and Lighting Installations of the Municipality of Buenos Aires City, a public role which he would hold until his death.In 1904 he became Professor of Electrical Engineering at the National Industrial School (later the Otto Krause Technical School), which was founded and directed by the engineer Otto Krause in 1893. In the same year he travelled to the United States once more to attend the International Electricity Congress which took place in the city of Saint Louis, where he was vice president of the section on "Power and Light Transmission" and at which he presented an eighty-page work entitled "General considerations on the transfer of lighting services to municipal ownership", which would be included in the Annals of the Argentine Scientific Society. Ruler of the skies: balloons and aeroplanes

Aerostatics and balloons

<mask> began wanting to rule the skies when he met the Brazilian aviator Alberto Santos-Dumont (1873–1932). On 25 December 1907, <mask> and Aarón Anchorena crossed the Río de la Plata in the balloon El Pampero before landing in

masks:
Jorge Newbery
Jorge Newbery


title: Jorge Newbery

texts: Conchillas, Uruguay. Although there had been a few previous balloon flights in Argentina, the crossing of the Río de la Plata became a popular event. El Pampero set out from the Sociedad Sportiva Argentina, located in Palermo, on the same land where Campo Argentino de Polo is located nowadays. A few days later, on 13 January 1908, the Aero Club Argentino was created, with Aarón Anchorena as president and <mask> as second vicepresident.The ACA was located on the Villa Los Ombués estate of local business tycoon Ernesto Tornquist, in Barrancas de Belgrano, Buenos Aires (since torn down and now the location of the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany). On 17 October his brother Eduardo (also an ACA member), together with Seargent Romero, went missing in El Pampero and their bodies were never found. These were the first two casualties in the history of flight in Argentina. Despite the tragedy and public opinion starting to consider balloon-flight to be excessively dangerous, <mask> prepared a new balloon, El Patriota, and revitalised aerostatics with the help of socialist representative Alfredo Palacios. One month after the death of his brother, on 24 November, <mask> married Sara Escalante. On 9 April 1909, <mask> wrote the first newspaper article on aviation in Argentina. Entitled "Aeronáutica", the article was featured in the Buenos Aires El Nacional.By that time, <mask> was already a seasoned aerostat pilot, having flown these balloons four times over the Argentine landscape. He had not, however, been in or even seen a heavier-than-air craft before he wrote the article. While <mask> had promised both his mother and his wife that he would not attempt to fly again after his

masks:
Jorge Newbery
Newbery
Jorge
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery


title: Jorge Newbery

texts: brother's aerial death, the article showed his family that he had broken that promise, resulting in his divorce from Escalante, with whom he had at least one child. <mask> flew an aerostat round-trip for the first time on 24 January 1909, making his second round-trip flight on 2 April. On 27 April, just eighteen days after publication of the aforementioned article, he was elected president of the same Aero Club Argentino which he had previously served as second vice-president. <mask> accepted, with the hope of turning around the club's dire financial situation, and continued as president until his death in 1914. He soon acquired another balloon, El Huracán, with which on 28 December 1909 he broke the South American record for duration and distance by travelling 550 km in 13 hours, linking Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil, and reaching fourth place worldwide in terms of flight time and sixth place in distance.This balloon gave its name to one of the most popular football clubs in Buenos Aires, the Club Atlético Huracán, founded on 1 November 1908 and nicknamed "globo" (balloon). On 5 November 1912 he broke the South American altitude record, reaching 5,100 m in the balloon Buenos Aires. He took part in the Exposición Internacional del Centenario (1910) in Buenos Aires by making balloon ascents over the exhibition so that visitors could view the surrounding area of Palermo and the river. <mask> made 40 balloon flights in three years. There were other Argentine aviators at this time, such as Eduardo Bradley, Lieutenant Angel María Zuloaga, Aníbal Brihuega and Pedro Zanni. Later, in memory of his brother, he had a 2,200 cubic meter balloon called <mask> built, the largest that had ever

masks:
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Eduardo Newbery


title: Jorge Newbery

texts:
 been built in Argentina. In 1916, Bradley and Zuloaga crossed the Andes for the first time in this balloon.Aviation

In 1910, <mask> obtained his (provisional) pilot's licence, but continued to make balloon flights until 1912. As a direct result of <mask> and the Aero Club Argentino's offer to make their park freely available to the Ministry of War, on 10 August 1912 the President Roque Sáenz Peña created the Military Aviation School, the first Latin American air force. <mask> as a civilian, and Lieutenant Colonels Enrique Mosconi, later the director of YPF, and M. J. López were the first directors of the School, established in Palomar de Caseros. The ACA organised a public collection with which the first aircraft were acquired. On 25 May 1913 they had their first parade: 4 monoplanes piloted by two civilians, <mask> and Macías, and two soldiers, Goubay and Agneta. A few months later the Army issued special insignia for the two military pilots. When choosing between monoplanes and biplanes, <mask> preferred the former.On 24 November 1912, <mask> crossed the Río de la Plata in the monoplane "Centenario", a 50 HP Gnome powered Bleriot XI. He was the first to cross the river and return in the same day. Influenced by <mask>, the young Teodoro Fels, took an aeroplane from the Military Aviation School without permission and reached Montevideo, breaking the world record for flight over water. On his return, President Roque Sáenz Peña had him arrested and promoted to corporal for the feat. On 10 February 1914, <mask> broke the world altitude record by 65 m, reaching 6,225 m in a Morane-Saulnier monoplane but the record was not ratified by the international commission because the previous

masks:
Newbery
Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery


title: Jorge Newbery

texts:
 record had not been exceeded by at least 150 m.

<mask> arrived in Mendoza to attempt the first crossing of the Andes by aircraft. At the request of a woman who had seen him fly, he borrowed an aircraft from his friend Teodoro Fels, who warned him of a problem with the monoplane's wing. <mask> took off with Jiménez Lastra and did some aerobatics until 18:40, the monoplane fell violently.<mask> died in the Estancia "Los Tamarindos" in Mendoza (now Governor Francisco Gabrielli International Airport), on 1 March 1914, aged 38. The Aeroparque Jorge Newbery in Buenos Aires commemorates his pioneering work in the promotion of aviation in Argentina. Villa Lugano in Buenos Aires claims the title of cradle of Argentine aviation, a claim also made by the district of El Palomar, seat of the First Aerial Brigade and previously the Military Aviation School. <mask> made his first flights in Villa Lugano, for which a monument was erected on the Avenida Teniente General Luis J. Dellepiane, close to Avenida Gral. Paz. The sportsman

<mask> also excelled in boxing, swimming, motor racing, fencing and rowing, among other sports. In 1895 he took part in a historic fight to determine the superiority of boxing (defended by <mask>) or savate (defended by Carlos Delcasse), which established boxing as a popular sport in Argentina.He won important boxing titles in 1899, 1902 and 1903. On 8 July 1903 he decisively beat professional boxer Clark. In October 1901 he won first prize for fencing with foils in the South American tournament organised by the Gymnastics and Fencing Club. In 1905 and 1906 he won the foil fencing contests organised by the Buenos Aires Jockey Club, where he also defeated the French

masks:
Jorge Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery


title: Jorge Newbery

texts:
 swordfighting champion Berger. On 16 March 1908, representing the Buenos Aires Rowing Club, he won the 1000 m race against the champion Müller brothers. In 1910 he joined the team which established the speed record for a boat with four long oars. In 1902 he won the first prize in long-distance diving in the Luján river, covering 100 m. He was one of the personalities who most encouraged the practice of the sport in Argentina, although he is not well-remembered for this.In 1980 the Konex Foundation posthumously granted him the Konex Award for his supporting role in Argentine sporting history. He also played football for National Foot–Ball Club, and in 1934 they changed their name to his. The civil servant
<mask> was Director of the Lighting Service of the Municipality of Buenos Aires City until his death. As a civil servant, <mask> supported municipal control of lighting, contrary to the situation at the time in which the service was conceded to private companies. In 1903/1904 a great debate took place in Buenos Aires over the benefits of the public system versus the system of private concession. <mask> took an active role in the debate and wrote an extensive report entitled "General considerations on the transfer of lighting services to municipal ownership", which was published in the Annals of the Argentine Scientific Society, April–June 1904. Among other arguments to support his position, <mask> wrote:

<mask> also dedicated himself to researching solutions for transportation and traffic in the city of Buenos Aires, suggesting in 1908 the elimination of trams and promoting new technologies of mass transport.The man of science
<mask> habitually wrote for the Annals of the

masks:
Jorge Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery


title: Jorge Newbery

texts:
 Argentine Scientific Society. In 1906 he published a series of articles on the growing artificial graphite industry. In 1908 he published a study on the manufacture of "The electric incandescent light bulb called zirconium and other metallic filaments", based on his own laboratory tests, with the aims of implementing their use in Argentina. In 1910, in collaboration with the chemist Justino Thierry, he wrote a scientific-industrial book entitled "Petroleum" in which they argues for the necessity of keeping oil zones for the state. The popular figure

<mask> has been considered to be the first popular non-political Argentine idol. Before his time, only political idols had existed. Crowds gathered to watch his aerial feats and the news media defined his as a "sportsman".In his promotion of sports, <mask> anticipated a still-embrionic lifestyle which focused on the development of the body and its potential, exercising self-control and training. One characteristic of <mask>'s personality was the absence of fear: he was known as "Mr Courage". <mask>'s "feats" had enormous popular impact. For example, on breaking the South American record in the balloon "Huracán" in 1909, the Club Atlético Huracán asked <mask> if they could use the balloon's image as their club's emblem. In one paragraph of his response, the aviator said:

The Club Atlético Huracán then adopted it as the symbol on their shirts, and after achieving two consecutive promotions (passing from the third division to the second, and thence to the first) the directorial commission sent <mask> a letter saying:

<mask> in popular culture

<mask> has been one of the most frequently mentioned people and one of the people to whom the

masks:
Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Jorge Newbery


title: Jorge Newbery

texts:
 most tangos have been dedicated. Among these must be mentioned the reference made by Celedonio Flores in the song Corrientes y Esmeralda, which mentions how "el cajetilla" (slang: a young, rich and refined man) hit the "guapos" (men fighting with knives) who "stopped" there at the beginning of the 20th century. Other tangos dedicated to <mask> are "Jorge Newbery", by Aquiles Barbieri, "Prendete del Aeroplano", by José Escurra, "De Pura Cepa", by Roberto Firpo, "Newbery", by Luciano Ríos, "Un recuerdo a Newbery", by José Arturo Severino, "Tu Sueño", by Eduardo Arolas and "El Pampero", by Luis Sanmartino.A film was also made about his life: Más allá del sol (Beyond the sun, 1975), by Hugo Fregonese, with Germán Kraus in the leading role. The government of Buenos Aires annually awards the Jorge Newbery Prize to the most prominent sportspeople of the year. The tragic death of <mask> helped to fix his position as an idol of Argentina, as later happenend with Carlos Gardel. His funeral at Recoleta Cemetery was on a scale never seen before for a person unrelated to political activity. A mausoleum financed by public donations was built in 1937 at La Chacarita Cemetery. Airports
 The Aeroparque Jorge Newbery airport in Buenos Aires is named after him. Schools

 School of technical aeronautics education number 8 "Jorge Newbery".Football clubs
 Club Atlético Jorge Newbery (Laprida, Buenos Aires, Argentina), founded 1 May 1917. Club Atlético Jorge Newbery (Aguilares, Tucumán Province, Argentina), founded 8 April 1917. Club Atlético Jorge Newbery (Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe Province, Argentina), founded 11 July 1917. Club Football Jorge Newbery (Junín, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina), founded 13

masks: Newbery Newbery


title: Jorge Newbery

texts:
 January 1913. Club Atlético Jorge Newbery (Rufino, Santa Fe, Argentina), founded 12 October 1917. Club Jorge Newbery Mutual Social y Deportiva, Ucacha, Córdoba Province, Argentina, founded 25 May 1910. https://web.archive.org/web/20090226194412/http://www.eam.iua.edu.ar/hist_newbery.asp
 Club Jorge Newbery de Versailles , Villa Real district, Buenos Aires City, Argentina founded 12 October 1942. Streets
 Calle Jorge Newbery (Junín, Buenos Aires Province).The municipality renamed the street, previously named "Junín", on 12 March 1914, 11 days after <mask>'s death. Calle <mask> (Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe Province). The Club Atlético Jorge Newbery is situated on this street. Calle Jorge Newbery (Viedma (Rio Negro)). This street is the main route of entry to this provincial capital. Calle <mask> (Rosario, Santa Fe). On this avenue is located the Rosario International Airport.Calle Jorge Newbery (Ucacha). This street is the main access to the premises of the Club Jorge Newbery, and was named on the club's centenary on 25 May 2010. Train stations

 Jorge Newbery station (Hurlingham, Buenos Aires)

See also
 Aerostat
 History of aviation
 página de Wikipedia sobre <mask> (Español)

Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Argentine newsreel with images of <mask> (video)

 Some information on <mask>'s life

1875 births
1914 deaths
Argentine aviators
Argentine engineers
Argentine male boxers
Argentine Navy personnel
Argentine people of American descent
Argentine people of English descent
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in Argentina
Burials at La Chacarita Cemetery
Electrical engineers
Sportspeople from Buenos Aires
Victims of aviation accidents or

masks:
Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Jorge Newbery
Newbery


title: Caroline Severance

texts:
<mask> (1820–1914) was an American abolitionist, suffragist, and founder of women's clubs. Early life and education
<mask> was born on January 12, 1820, in Canandaigua, New York, the daughter of a banker, Orson Seymour, and his wife <mask>. Clarke. <mask>'s father died in 1824, and the family relocated to Auburn, New York. A strict Presbyterian uncle had an outsized influence over <mask>. <mask> attended the Upham Female Seminary in Canandaigua and Miss Almira Bennett's Boarding School in Owasco Lake, New York. She graduated as valedictorian from Miss Ricord's Female Seminary in Geneva at age fifteen in 1835 and served on the faculty of Auburn Female Seminary. For a short time she taught at Mrs. Luther Halsey's boarding school for girls on the Ohio River below Pittsburgh.Marriage to T.C. In 1840, <mask> married Theodoric C<mask>, (nicknamed T. C.), an abolitionist banker from Cleveland, Ohio. T.C. and <mask> had five children between 1841 and 1849, one of whom died in infancy. The pair initially settled in Cleveland, and their home became a meeting place for those interested in liberal causes. The couple left the Presbyterian Church soon after marrying and formed the Independent Christian Church, whose members were anti-slavery. The couple left Cleveland and resettled in Boston, Massachusetts in 1855 and, inspired by the sermons of Theodore Parker, joined the Unitarian Church.Women's rights and women's clubs
After hearing lectures by Ralph Waldo Emerson and Bronson Alcott, Severance became increasingly committed to social justice and peace. In 1853, after several years of attending and speaking at conventions on behalf of woman's rights, she made her first appearance as a

masks:
Caroline Maria Seymour Severance
Caroline Maria Seymour
Caroline M
Caroline
Caroline
Caroline
Caroline
. Severance
Caroline


title: Caroline Severance

texts: speaker to the general public with a speech to Cleveland's Mercantile Library Association, the first lecture delivered there by a woman. Her subject was "Humanity: A Definition and a Plea", by which she meant that women should be included as part of "humanity." It was a radical idea, but the speech was well received by the audience, and by the Cleveland press. That same year, she presided over the first annual meeting of the Ohio Women's Rights Association. In 1854, <mask> was elected, alongside her husband, to offices for the Fourth National Women's Rights Convention in Cleveland, and testified to the Ohio Legislature in favor of women holding their own inherited property and earnings. <mask> had many other firsts.She was the first woman member of the Parker Fraternity Course, as well as the first woman to give a lecture in Boston before the Lyceum Association. Shortly after the Civil War, <mask> joined the faculty of the Dio Lewis School in Massachusetts, teaching practical ethics. <mask>'s ethics were tested when a Black girl asked to be admitted to the school and was denied, the school citing parent objections. <mask> helped establish the New England Women's Hospital. She also campaigned with Susan B. Anthony against the inclusion of the word "male" in the Fourteenth Amendment. In the winter of 1867-1868, <mask> established the first woman's club in the United States: the New England Women's Club. Ralph Waldo Emerson, James Freeman Clarke, Octavius Frothingham, and Julia Ward Howe were all invited to speak at the Club's first public meeting.In its first years, the Club awarded scholarships, provided educational opportunities for women, backed the kindergarten

masks: Severance Severance Severance Severance Severance Severance


title: Caroline Severance

texts:
 movement, and campaigned for the appointment of police matrons. As a result of the rift between suffragists, <mask>, along with Lucy Stone and other New England suffragists, founded the American Woman Suffrage Association at a Cleveland convention in 1869. Los Angeles and First Unitarian Church of Los Angeles
In 1875, for various reasons which included her husband's health and the fact that her two older sons had moved to the West Coast, she relocated with her husband to Los Angeles, buying a tiny home on West Adams Street which they called "Red Roof." Both <mask> and T. C. <mask> had a major impact on the development of Los Angeles. Together they founded the First Unitarian Church of Los Angeles in 1877. T. C. was a founder of the Orphan's Home Society, and the Horticultural Society. <mask> began organizing the women of the rapidly growing community.She brought the kindergarten movement to Los Angeles, serving as president of the city's Free Kindergarten Association, and helped establish the Los Angeles Public Library. In 1878 she founded the first Los Angeles Women's Club. Her interests were far ranging, from woman suffrage to historic preservation [working with Charles Lummis] to world peace. As she grew older, she began to be considered the elder stateswoman of women's rights movements in the city. She also became more radical in her thinking, and was active in the city's Christian socialist movement at the turn of the 20th century. She began to be referred to in the press as "<mask>", an indication of her prestige and position in the city. With two of their children still in the east, <mask> and T. C. <mask> had never lost their love of Boston, although they became

masks:
Severance
Caroline
Severance
Caroline
Madame Severance
Caroline
Severance


title: Caroline Severance

texts:
 passionate advocates for their newly adopted home.At first they returned regularly to the east, and without <mask>'s immediate leadership, the Los Angeles Women's Club twice failed. Finally, in 1881, she established a lasting institution, the Friday Morning Club, devoted to cultural and social betterment and civic reform. As reported by Leonard Pitt and Dale Pitt in their book Los Angeles: From A-Z, "[The Friday Morning Club] ran a lending library, maintained an employment bureau, and conducted classes." It became one of the most powerful and prestigious organizations in the city. After her husband's death in 1892, <mask> changed the name of her home to "El Nido", which is Spanish for "the nest". Situated in a tree-shaded garden, El Nido was a gathering place for men and women devoted to social change. In 1906, Ella Giles Ruddy wrote in The Mother of Clubs: “For more than thirty years this hospitable home has been a rendezvous for literary people visiting Los Angeles, for leaders in progressive thought .. . in whatever direction it may tend, and for men and women interested also in local or municipal reforms and improvements. The title "Mother of Clubs" has been supplemented by that of the "Ethical Magnet of Southern California ..."

Women's right to vote in California

In 1911, when Californian women achieved the right to vote, <mask> was lauded as the spiritual leader of the suffrage movement in Southern California, although her advanced age had limited her participation in the campaign. She was featured in every Los Angeles newspaper the day after the election. Although it has often been written that she was the first woman to register to vote in the state, this is not

masks:
Caroline
Caroline Severance
Caroline Severance


title: Caroline Severance

texts:
 true. In fact, she registered a week after the election, when a registrar came to her home. She did, however, go to the polls the following year to vote in the presidential election, and in 1912, at the age of ninety-two she cast her vote for president, having worked for woman suffrage for more than sixty years. Although she told the press that she had voted for Theodore Roosevelt, it is just as likely that she voted for the Socialist candidate.As Joan Jensen wrote in Women in the Life of Southern California, "By the time she died in 1914 she was firmly committed to a new radicalism. Had she lived on through World War 1, perhaps she would have been classed as a 'parlor Bolshevik,' dangerous pacifist, and pro-laborite, and her home watched carefully by members of the many Loyalty Leagues of Los Angeles." Death
Severance died on November 10, 1914 at the age of 94. Works about Severance
 The Mother of Clubs, Baumgardt Publishing Co. 1906
 Elwood-Akers, Virginia, "<mask>verance", iUniverse, 2010

References

External links

<mask> <mask> papers at the Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College Special Collections

1820 births
1914 deaths
19th century in Los Angeles
19th-century American women
19th-century American people
20th-century American people
20th-century American women writers
American abolitionists
American women's rights activists
People from Los Angeles
People from Ontario County, New York
Burials at Angelus-Rosedale Cemetery
American Christian socialists
Activists from California
Activists from New York (state)
American non-fiction writers
American women non-fiction writers
Female Christian socialists
Socialist feminists
Clubwomen
Christian abolitionists
California

masks:
Caroline Se
Caroline Maria
Seymour Severance


title: Stavros Niarchos

texts:
<mask> (, ; 3 July 1909 – 15 April 1996) was a Greek billionaire shipping tycoon. Starting in 1952, he had the world's biggest supertankers built for his fleet. Propelled by both the Suez Crisis and increasing demand for oil, he and rival Aristotle Onassis became giants in global petroleum shipping. Niarchos was also a noted thoroughbred horse breeder and racer, several times the leading owner and number one on the French breed list. Early life
<mask> was born in Athens to a wealthy family, son of <mask> and his wife, Eugenie Koumantaros, a rich heiress. His great-great-grandfather, <mask>, a Greek shipping agent in Valletta, had married a Maltese woman, a daughter from a noble family in Malta, whose younger offspring had migrated to Greece to base themselves in a merchant business from Malta. His parents were naturalized Americans who had owned a department store in Buffalo, New York, before returning to Greece, three months prior to his birth.They returned to Buffalo for a brief time and the young <mask> attended the Nardin Academy grammar school. They returned permanently to Greece and <mask> studied in the city's best private school before starting university. He studied law at the University of Athens, after which he went to work for his maternal uncles in the Koumantaros family's grain business. During this period, he became involved in shipping by convincing his uncles their firm would be more profitable if it owned its own ships. Shipping career
<mask> was a naval officer in World War II, during which time part of the trade fleet he had developed with his uncle was destroyed. He used about two million dollars in insurance settlement to build a new fleet. His most famous asset was the yacht Atlantis, currently known as Issham al Baher after having been gifted to King Fahd of Saudi Arabia.He then founded Niarchos Ltd., an international shipping company that at one time

masks:
Stavros Spyrou Niarchos
Stavros
Spyros Niarchos
Philippos Niarchos
Stavros
Stavros
Niarchos


title: Stavros Niarchos

texts:
 operated more than 80 tankers worldwide. He and Aristotle Onassis were great shipping rivals. In 1952, high-capacity oil supertankers were built for the competing Niarchos and Onassis fleets, who both claimed to own the largest tanker in the world. In 1955, Vickers Armstrongs Shipbuilders Ltd launched the  . Then the world's largest supertanker, it was named after Niarchos's second son, Spyros, born earlier that year. In 1956, the Suez Canal Crisis considerably increased the demand for the type of large-tonnage ships that Niarchos owned. Business flourished and he became a billionaire.Personal life

Marriages
Niarchos was married five times:

 To Helen Sporides in 1930, a daughter of Admiral Constantine Sporides, lasted one year. To Melpomene Capparis in 1939, a widow of a Greek diplomat, whom he divorced in 1947. To Eugenia Livanos in 1947, a daughter of shipping magnate <mask> G. Livanos. They divorced in 1965; she died in 1970 at the age of 44, after an overdose of barbiturates. During this marriage he had an affair with Pamela Churchill (later Pamela Harriman). To Charlotte Ford in 1965, daughter of tycoon automaker Henry Ford II, in Mexico. Their daughter Elena Anne Ford was born six months later.When the marriage ended in divorce the following year <mask> returned to his former wife, Eugenia. No remarriage was necessary, since the couple's 1965 Mexican divorce had not been recognized by Greek law. To Athina Spencer-Churchill, his third wife Eugenia's sister, in 1971. Then the Marchioness of Blandford, Athina had been the first wife of Aristotle Onassis. She died of an overdose in 1974. From the late 1970s until his death, he was linked to Princess Firyal of Jordan. He was also said to be linked to Princess Maria Gabriella of Savoy.Children
Niarchos had two daughters and three sons:

By his third wife, Eugenia Livanos, whom he never divorced under Greek law:
Maria Isabella

masks: Stavros Niarchos


title: Stavros Niarchos

texts:
 <mask>, a breeder of thoroughbreds. Married to Stephane Gouazé. Mother of two children: Artur Gouazé and Maia Gouazé
Philippos, also known as <mask>, art collector. Married in 1984 to his third wife Victoria Guinness (b. 1960), who is the younger daughter of Patrick Benjamin Guinness and Baroness Dolores von Fürstenberg-Hedringen. They had four children together: <mask> <mask> (b. 1985, husband of Dasha Zhukova), Eugenie <mask> (b.1986), Theodorakis <mask> (b. 1991), Electra <mask> (b. 1995). Spyros (b. 1955) married 1987 (divorced 1999) the Hon. Daphne Guinness (b. 1967), daughter of Jonathan Guinness, 3rd Baron Moyne by his second wife Suzanne Lisney, and had issue three children: <mask> <mask> (b.1989), Alexis Spyros <mask> (b. 1991) and Ines <mask> (b. 1995). Spyros is a good friend of Prince Ernst August of Hanover, and was best man at his wedding to Princess Caroline of Monaco. Konstantin, or <mask> (1962–1999); married firstly 1987 (divorced) Princess Alessandra Borghese, no issue; married secondly the Brazilian artist Sylvia Martins, no issue. He was the first Greek to scale Mount Everest. At his death of a massive cocaine overdose in 1999, The Independent (UK) reported he had been left one billion dollars as his share of his late father's estate.By his fourth wife; Charlotte Ford:
Elena Ford (b. 1966) married firstly 1991 (divorced) to Stanley Jozef Olender, married secondly 1996 Joseph Daniel Rippolone (divorced), with issue. Death
<mask> died in 1996, in Zurich. He is buried in the family tomb in the Bois-de-Vaux Cemetery in Lausanne. At his death, his fortune was estimated to be worth $12 billion. When <mask> died, he left 20% of his fortune to a charitable trust to be established in his name and the other part to his three sons and daughter Maria by his marriage to Greek shipping heiress Eugenia Livanos, a nephew, and a great nephew. He notably excluded Elena Ford

masks:
Niarchos
Philippe Niarchos
Stavros
Niarchos
Niarchos
Niarchos
Niarchos
Nicolas Stavros
Niarchos
Niarchos
Niarchos
Constantine Niarchos
Niarchos
Niarchos


title: Stavros Niarchos

texts:
 his daughter by his ex-wife Charlotte from his will.She sued the estate in both Swiss and Greek courts for her 1/10th share estimated to be worth £700 million. Thoroughbred horse racing
Niarchos began investing in thoroughbred horse racing in the early 1950s and won his first stakes race with Pipe of Peace at the Middle Park Stakes. After leaving the business for roughly two decades he came back in the 1970s and eventually put together a highly successful stable of racehorses that competed in France and the United Kingdom. He acquired the Haras de Fresnay-le-Buffard horse breeding farm in Neuvy-au-Houlme, France and Oak Tree Farm in Lexington, Kentucky where in 1984 he bred his most successful horse, Miesque. Niarchos was the leading owner in France twice (1983, 1984) and topped the breeders' list there three times (1989, 1993, 1994). His prize horses were all trained by François Boutin, whose skill was a vital element of Niarchos's success in the field. After his death in 1996, his daughter <mask>-Gouazé took charge of racing operations.She too was successful, her colt Bago winning France's most important race, the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, in 2004, and her filly Divine Proportions capturing the 2005 Prix de Diane by winning 9 out of her 10 races until a serious tendon injury cut the horse's racing career short. See also
Stavros Niarchos Foundation

Notes

References

External links
 The Stavros Niarchos Foundation
 Niarchos Group
 Mentioned in Time's People section (Monday, Sep. 28, 1970)

1909 births
1996 deaths
Greek art collectors
Greek billionaires
Greek businesspeople in shipping
Greek expatriates in Switzerland
Greek racehorse owners and breeders
Greek people of Maltese descent
Livanos family
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens alumni
Niarchos family
Businesspeople from Athens
Recipients of the Order of the Phoenix (Greece)
Owners of Prix de l'Arc de


title: Harold Burfield Taylor

texts:
Brigadier <mask>,  (10 August 1890 – 15 March 1966) was an analytical chemist and an Australian Army officer who served in the First and the Second World Wars. A junior officer in the First World War, during the Second World War he was commander of the 22nd Infantry Brigade during the invasion of Malaya. Captured along with many of his fellow soldiers following the fall of Singapore, he spent the remainder of the war as a prisoner of war. In civilian life, he was an analyst for the government and an expert in poisons, often called upon to give evidence in criminal trials involving poisoning. Early life and scientific career
<mask> was born on 10 August 1890 in Enfield, Sydney to <mask>, a civil servant originally from England, and his Australian wife, Louisa  Chowne. He was educated at Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he graduated Bachelor of Science in 1912. Interested in chemistry and military science, he served with the Sydney University Scouts (a Militia unit), and was commissioned in 1913.<mask> commenced his analytic career as assistant government analyst in the New South Wales Department of Public Health in 1915. While his work involved analysis of a wide range of products, he became well known for giving evidence in criminal trials involving poisons. First World War

<mask> volunteered for the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) in 1915 and, commissioned as a second lieutenant in September that year, was assigned to 19th Battalion. The battalion at the time was involved in training in Egypt following the Gallipoli Campaign, before embarking in March 1916 to France for service on the Western Front. The battalion engaged in the trench warfare that was typical of the front, and took part in the Battle of Pozières. Prior to this, in June, <mask> had been promoted to lieutenant. Early the following year, he was promoted again, this time to captain.At Lagnicourt, <mask>'s

masks:
Harold Burfield Taylor
Taylor
Ernest Taylor
Taylor
Taylor
Taylor
Taylor


title: Harold Burfield Taylor

texts:
 leadership of his company was crucial in defeating a German attack during the second phase of the Battle of Arras on 15 April, and he was rewarded with a Military Cross. <mask> was recommended a Bar to his Military Cross on 9 October 1917, during the Battle of Poelcappelle which was part of the Battle of Passchendaele, leading a small force of two companies to capture German positions in Daisy Wood, near Ypres. He continued to serve with the battalion until the end of the war and upon his return to Australia, was discharged from the AIF. Interwar period
<mask> recommenced his analytical work, authoring or co-authoring a number of papers pertaining to chemical analysis of coal and lead amongst other substances. He also completed extensive work in relation to the preservation of milk and earned a Doctor of Science in 1925 from the University of Sydney. By 1934, he was Deputy Government Analyst of New South Wales. <mask> also continued to be involved with the militia, having resumed his militia career in 1920.A battalion commander by 1926, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1927 and continued to be appointed to command various militia battalions, including the 18th and 56th battalions. Second World War

After the outbreak of the Second World War, <mask> was promoted to temporary brigadier and given command of 5th Brigade, a militia formation which then tasked with defensive duties in Australia. In July 1940, he was seconded to the AIF, which had been raised for service overseas, and appointed commander of 22nd Infantry Brigade. The brigade was composed of 2/18th, 2/19th and 2/20th battalions and was subordinate to the 8th Division, initially commanded by Vernon Sturdee (who would shortly be made Army chief of staff, Major General Gordon Bennett taking over command of the division in his stead). The brigade was originally destined for the Middle East but the Australian government offered to send it

masks: Taylor Taylor Taylor Taylor


title: Harold Burfield Taylor

texts:
 to Singapore to shore up Britain's defences, an offer gratefully accepted by the British prime minister, Winston Churchill. Malaya and Singapore
After a period of training in New South Wales, the brigade embarked for Malaya on 2 February 1941 with <mask> travelling in advance of the main body by flying boat. He spent time gauging the current training methods in use amongst the British and Indian units already stationed in Malaya.Observing the terrain in which his soldiers may have to fight, he implemented acclimatisation and jungle warfare training for his brigade. The brigade was based at Mersing, and spent time constructing defences and laying minefields. It also underwent brigade level training exercises and it was during one of these exercises that <mask> clashed with Bennett, his new commanding officer. <mask>'s relationship with Bennett was difficult. Bennett's command in Malaya at the time consisted solely of <mask>'s brigade, with other elements of the 8th Division to follow. This meant that Bennett's oversight was more overbearing than would normally be the case and this resulted in disputes over the use and distribution of his brigade. Following the invasion of Malaya by the Japanese Empire, the brigade was forced into fighting rear guard actions against the advancing Japanese.This led to more clashes with Bennett, who felt that <mask>, by requesting to establish fallback positions, was too pessimistic in his defence arrangements. The brigade later withdrew to Singapore Island, its three battalions taking up positions across an eight-mile front on the north western coast of the island. On the night of 8 February, the Japanese launched landings on <mask>'s sector, forcing his brigade into a fighting withdrawal. The Japanese advance may have been assisted by <mask>'s directions to his platoon and company commanders to withdraw back to their headquarters position if they felt in danger of being

masks: Taylor Taylor Taylor Taylor Taylor Taylor Taylor


title: Harold Burfield Taylor

texts:
 overrun. By 12 February, the Japanese were well established on Singapore Island and advancing on all fronts. That day <mask>, extremely fatigued, asked Lieutenant Colonel Arthur Varley, commander of 2/18th Battalion, to take over temporary command of the brigade. The following day, Bennett promoted Varley to brigadier and made him the permanent commander of the brigade, a command which would last only a few more days before the surrender of Singapore on 15 February.<mask> spent the remainder of the war as a prisoner of war of the Japanese. While imprisoned at Changi, he set up and ran an educational program dubbed the Changi University for his fellow prisoners which was significantly diminished as men were transferred to other camps. Sent to prisoner camps in Taiwan and then Manchuria, his scientific knowledge was of benefit in ensuring his fellow prisoners maximised their nutritional intake from the limited rations provided by the Japanese. Later life
Returning to his scientific career upon his return to Australia after the Second World War, <mask> became the government analyst in March 1946. He continued to be called upon to advise in criminal cases involving poisons, including those by the mass murderer Caroline Grills. He retired from public service in 1954 although worked as a consultant for several more years. At the time of his retirement he was working on setting standards for the amount of fruit in juices and jams.<mask> died on 15 March 1966. He was survived by his wife, Nellie Birkenhead Starling, whom he married in 1940. The couple had no children. Publications

Notes

References

1890 births
1966 deaths
Australian brigadiers
Australian chemists
Australian military personnel of World War I
Australian military personnel of World War II
Australian prisoners of war
Australian recipients of the Military Cross
People from Sydney
University of Sydney alumni
World War II prisoners of war held by


title: Valaida Snow

texts:
<mask> (June 2, 1904 – May 30, 1956) was a virtuoso American jazz musician and entertainer who became internationally celebrated. She was known as "Little Louis" and "Queen of the Trumpet," a nickname given to her by W. C. Handy. Biography

<mask> was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Her mother, Etta, was a Howard University-educated music teacher and her father, John, was a minister who was the leader of the Pickaninny Troubadours, a group mainly consisting of child performers. Raised on the road in a show-business family, where starting from the age of five, she began performing with her father's group. By the time she was 15, she learned to play cello, bass, banjo, violin, mandolin, harp, accordion, clarinet, trumpet, and saxophone. She also sang and danced.Her solo career began when she joined a popular revue called Holiday in Dixieland, after exiting an abusive marriage. She then held a residency at a Harlem cabaret, which helped lead her to be cast along Josephine Baker in the musical In Bamville, a follow-up to the enduring hit musical Shuffle Along. While the musical was itself not a hit, Baker and <mask> both received positive reviews. After focusing on the trumpet, <mask> quickly became so famous at the instrument that she was nicknamed "Little Louis" after Louis Armstrong, who called her the world's second best jazz trumpet player, besides himself. W. C. Handy, who is known as the Father of the Blues, gave her the nickname "Queen of the Trumpet." Contemporary critics Krin Gabbard and Will Friedwald have commented on her approach to playing like Armstrong. Gabbard said she developed a "distinctly Armstrongian style" and Friedwald said she "mimicked" Armstrong.In a 1928 performance in Chicago at the Sunset Café, <mask> played the

masks:
Valaida Snow
Snow
Snow
Snow
Snow


title: Valaida Snow

texts: trumpet, sang. Then seven pairs of shoes were placed in a row at the front of the stage, and she danced in each pair for one chorus. The dances and shoes to match were: soft-shoe, adagio shoes, tap shoes, Dutch clogs, Chinese straw sandals, Turkish slippers, and the last pair, Russian boots. "When Louis Armstrong saw the show one night, he continued clapping after others had stopped and remarked, 'Boy I never saw anything that great'." Despite her talent, she had fewer opportunities to hold residencies as a bandleader at clubs in New York or Chicago, like many of her male peers. Instead, she predominantly toured, playing concerts throughout the US, Europe, and China. In 1926, she toured London and Paris with Lew Leslie's Blackbirds revue and then from 1926 to 1929, she toured with Jack Carter's Serenaders in Shanghai, Singapore, Calcutta, and Jakarta.Her most successful period was in the 1930s when she became the toast of London and Paris. Around this time she recorded her hit song "High Hat, Trumpet, and Rhythm". She performed in the Ethel Waters show Rhapsody in Black, in New York. In the mid-1930s, <mask> made films with her husband, Ananias Berry, of the Berry Brothers dancing troupe. After playing the Apollo Theater in New York City, she revisited Europe and the Far East for more shows and films. She was imprisoned in a Copenhagen jail during WWII when Nazi soldiers took over Denmark, where she was touring. According to a jazz radio show that aired on October 28, 2017, <mask> said she was arrested in Europe, apparently going to jail for theft and illegal drugs.While later touring Denmark in 1941, she said she was arrested by Nazis and most likely kept at Vestre Fængsel, a Danish prison in Copenhagen that was run by the Nazis, before

masks: Snow Snow


title: Valaida Snow

texts:
 being released on a prisoner exchange in May 1942. It was rumored that her friendship with a Belgian police official helped her to board a ship carrying foreign diplomats. According to jazz historian Scott Yanow, "she never emotionally recovered from the experience". She married Earl Edwards. In the 1950s, she was unable to regain her former success. <mask> <mask> died aged 51 of a brain hemorrhage on May 30, 1956, in New York City, backstage during a performance at the Palace Theater. Legacy
Many recordings of <mask> performances still exist, including audio recordings and audiovisual recordings of her on stage or in films.According to musicology professor Dr. Tammy Kernodle, "The unfortunate thing about her legacy is that she wasn't recorded as much as many of her peers, but she was a greatly respected musician on the vaudeville circuit, and even amongst male jazz musicians themselves." This quote was from a phone interview by Giovanni Russonello, who on February 22, 2020, published her belated obituary in The New York Times, as part of the "Overlooked No More" series. There are no commercial recordings of <mask> as trumpeter made in the United States, all were recorded in Europe. Before her obituary was published, The New York Times wrote about her only once in a paragraph-long review about a 1949 Song Recital at New York's Town Hall. Dr. Kernodle also said that <mask>'s legacy is important as she helped "shift the context of jazz away from the early Dixieland style" and "she [was] important in terms of helping us gain an understanding of the spread of jazz to Europe, particularly after World War I." Performances
 March 11, 1933; Earl Hines and <mask> performed in Madrid ballroom in Harrisburg, PA.
September 23, 1945; First Cavalcade of

masks: Valaida Snow Snow Snow Snow Snow


title: Valaida Snow

texts:
 Jazz concert in Los Angeles at Wrigley Field produced by Leon Hefflin Sr. along with Count Basie, The Honeydrippers, The Peters Sisters, Slim and Bam and Joe Turner. In literature
Earl Hines' oral autobiography, The World of Earl Hines (with Stanley Dance) includes several vignettes of <mask> by her intimate friend.She shines. <mask> <mask> appears as a fictional character who threw herself on top of the protagonist when he was a child to shield him from a beating at the hands of the Nazis in a concentration camp. <mask> is depicted as a strong, generous woman who proudly recalls that "They beat me, and fucked me in every hole I had. I was their whore. Their maid. A stool they stood on when they wanted to reach a little higher. But I never sang in their cage, Bobby.Not one note" (p. 28). A novel based on <mask> <mask>'s life story. Biography. Both the Allen and Miller books contradict the assertion that <mask> was held by the Nazis and instead place her in Danish custody at a Copenhagen prison. Inspired by Valaida's life, but it is more fictitious than strictly biographical. <mask> <mask>, by Emmanuel Reuzé and Maël Rannou, comic strip, BDMusic, Paris, coll. " BDJazz ", 2012.Family
According to an article posted in the Pittsburgh Courier in 1933, <mask> was arrested and later acquitted of bigamy after eloping with her fiancé Ananias John W. Berry, Jr.

Discography
 1940–1953 (Classics)
 Queen of Trumpet and Song (DRG, 1999)

References

1904 births
1956 deaths
American jazz trumpeters
American women jazz musicians
Chess Records artists
20th-century African-American women singers
20th-century American singers
20th-century trumpeters
20th-century American women singers
The Washboard Rhythm Kings members
Women trumpeters
African-American women

masks: Snow Valaida Snow Snow Valaida Snow Snow Valaida Snow Snow


title: Arthur Dietzsch

texts:
<mask> (* October 2, 1901 in Pausa; † August 26, 1974 in Burgdorf (Hannover region), Germany) was a German KZ trustee (Funktionshäftling) and Kapo as well as an inmate nurse (KZ-Häftlingspfleger) in Block 46 of KZ Buchenwald. Early life
<mask> attended secondary school (Realgymnasium) in Plauen and volunteered for war service at the very end of the Great War. After the armistice at the end of First World War, he joined the veterans' organisation Der Stahlhelm and joined the very reduced post Versailles German Army i.e. Reichswehr on a 12-year contract. As a rifleman he took part in streetfights against communist rebels. Diligent and reliable, he was selected for Officer's Training in 1920. As an Officer cadet, shortly before his promotion to Lieutenant, he warned the father of his girlfriend about being on a wanted list for the latter's membership in the Communist Party, thus helping him to flee.<mask>' action was betrayed, he was court-martialed and sentenced to 14 years in prison for treason. Inmate in concentration camps
After Hitler came to power, <mask>, still serving his 14 years sentence, was labelled a communist and transferred to KZ Sonnenburg in March 1933, from there to KZ Esterwegen in 1934 and later to KZ Lichtenburg. From February 1938 on, he was an inmate in KZ Buchenwald. In January 1942, after almost 20 years as a prisoner, he was made a trustee and inmate nurse in the newly founded "KZ Buchenwald Experimentierstation", a quarantine station in Block 46 for medical experiments with the highly infective epidemic typhus better known as spotted fever. There, he worked as a clerk and received on the job

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Arthur Dietzsch
Dietzsch
Dietzsch
Dietzsch


title: Arthur Dietzsch

texts:
 nurse training under SS doctors (KZ Lagerärzte) Erwin Ding-Schuler and the latters temporary deputy  Waldemar Hoven. <mask> was responsible for the care for spotted fever patients, experimentally infected as well as natural causes. Besides working for his SS masters, he worked closely with the inmates' underground board, the illegal Lagerleitung, better known as Buchenwald Resistance constantly risking his life by hiding prisoners sentenced to death by the SS in his quarantine station.He worked as head inmate nurse and trustee in Block 46 until the beginning of April 1945. When his SS superior Dr. Ding-Schuler, with whom <mask> had built more than a working relationship, tipped him off about being on a list of 46 inmates to be executed before the SS left the camp, he went into hiding, first in the foundation of a building, later by having himself dug into the ground and covered with loose dirt and leaves by two inmate friends. <mask> was liberated with the rest of KZ Buchenwald on April 11, 1945. After the War

A free man for the first time in 22 years, <mask> was arrested by the German authorities in December 1946 and had to serve as a witness for the defense in the Doctors' Trial (Nürnberger Ärzteprozess), the trials against SS doctors, among others KZ Buchenwald's Gerhard Rose and Waldemar Hoven. Arrested again by the US Military, he, together with 30 others found himself defendant in the Buchenwald Trial (Buchenwald-Hauptprozess) as an accessory to infecting Allied Prisoners of War with typhoid fever and spotted fever. Several witnesses gave statements for his defense, among them two British Officers and the

masks: Dietzsch Dietzsch Dietzsch Dietzsch


title: Arthur Dietzsch

texts: future diplomat and philosopher Stéphane Hessel, all three on death row, whose lives were saved by Dietzsch by giving them identities of dead prisoners and hiding them in the quarantine station. Still, <mask> was sentenced to 15 years in prison for accessory to murder and began to serve his time in Landsberg Prison, a prison for German war criminals.He was in fact incarcerated with people who were responsible for holding him in KZ for more than a decade of his life. After a media campaign of former Buchenwald inmates Werner Hilpert and Eugen Kogon, who made his connections with the KZ underground known as well as lobbying by journalists and resistance members Marion Gräfin Dönhoff and Kurt Schumacher, <mask> was released from prison in 1950. He was still treated like a Nazi and only with the help of Hilpert and Kogon was he able to pass Allied denazification, i.e. Entnazifizierung in 1951. Germany never recognized him as a political prisoner, he never received compensation for his years in concentration camps. The fact that he saved lives risking his own, was never officially recognized. In addition, he was refused work on base of his dishonorable discharge for treason and subsequent criminal record.With his health failing due to the long and harsh years in concentration camps, he only survived thanks to the support given by thankful former Buchenwald inmates. Having found belated happiness with his wife Lilly, née Endryat, he spent the remainder of his life corresponding with former KZ inmates and organizations of former political prisoners and members of the resistance. He later testified in several trials

masks: Dietzsch Dietzsch


title: Arthur Dietzsch

texts:
 connected to KZ Buchenwald. <mask> died in August 1974 in Burgdorf/ Germany. Literature and sources
 Eugen Kogon: Der SS-Staat. Das System der deutschen Konzentrationslager; Frechen: Komet, 2000;
 Ernst von Salomon: Das Schicksal des A.D. – Ein Mann im Schatten der Geschichte ; Hamburg: Rowohlt Verlag, 1960
 Buchenwald-Hauptprozess: Deputy Judge Advocate's Office 7708 War Crimes Group European Command APO 407: (United States of America v. Josias Prince zu Waldeck et al. – Case 000-50-9), November 1947 Originaldokument in englischer Sprache (PDF-Datei; 9,1 MB)
 Institut für Zeitgeschichte München – Berlin: Nachlaß Arthur <mask> (1901–1974).Archiv, Bestand ED 112 Band 1–18 (pdf; 1,3 MB)

External links

 Jörg Wollenberg: Gespräch mit Stéphane Hessel aus Paris am 2.Februar 2008 zur Kunst des Überlebens in den Konzentrationslagern Buchenwald und Mittelbau–Dora und zur Rolle der Funktionshäftlinge (PDF; 88 kB), S. 2. auf http://www.stiftung-sozialgeschichte.de
 Zentrale Datenbank Nachlässe: <mask>, <mask> (1901–1974) auf http://www.nachlassdatenbank.de

Buchenwald concentration camp survivors
1974 deaths
1901 births
People from Pausa-Mühltroff
Kapos (concentration camp)
People convicted of treason against Germany
German

masks: Dietzsch Dietzsch Dietzsch Arthur


title: Robert Westall

texts:
<mask> (7 October 1929 – 15 April 1993) was an English author and teacher known for fiction aimed at children and young people. Some of the latter cover complex, dark, and adult themes. He has been called "the dean of British war novelists". His first book, The Machine Gunners, won the 1975 Carnegie Medal for the year's outstanding children's book by a British subject. It was named among the top ten Medal-winners at the 70th anniversary celebration in 2007. <mask> also won a second Carnegie (no one has yet won three), a Smarties Prize, and the once-in-a-lifetime Guardian Prize. Early life and career
<mask> was born 7 October 1929 in North Shields, Northumberland.He grew up there on Tyneside during the Second World War, which he used as the setting for many of his novels, including his own life. He earned a Bachelor's degree in Fine Art at Durham University and a post-graduate degree in Sculpture at the Slade School of Art in London in 1957. From 1953 until 1955, <mask> did national service in the British Army as a Lance Corporal in the Royal Corps of Signals. <mask> then became a teacher, serving as Head of Art and Head of Careers at Sir John Deane's Grammar School in Northwich, Cheshire. <mask> acted as a branch director of Samaritans in 1966–1975, while writing for papers such as Cheshire Life and The Cheshire Chronicle, and for The Guardian as an art critic. Writing
<mask> was inspired to be a writer by telling his son Christopher stories about his experiences in the Second World War. His first book, The Machine Gunners, issued by Macmillan in 1975, told a Second World War story about English children who find "a crashed German bomber in the woods complete with machine gun".It was adapted as a BBC television serial in 1983. He returned to its setting in Garmouth, a fictionalised

masks:
Robert Atkinson Westall
Westall
Robert Westall
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Westall
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Westall


title: Robert Westall

texts:
 Tynemouth, in other novels, including The Watch House (1977) and Fathom Five (1979), which continues the Machine Gunners story. Christopher was killed in a motorbike accident at the age of 18 in 1978. He became the inspiration for The Devil on the Road (1978), commended for the Carnegie Medal, and for a short story in The Haunting of Chas McGill (1983). <mask> won a second Carnegie Medal for The Scarecrows (Chatto & Windus, 1981). No one has won three, yet he was not a full-time writer. He retired from teaching only in 1985 and tried dealing in antiques before focusing exclusively on writing.For Blitzcat (Bodley Head, 1989) he won the annual Smarties Prize in category 9–11 years, which in 1994 the American Library Association named as one of the hundred Best Books for Young Adults of the Last 25 years. He finally won the once-in-a-lifetime Guardian Children's Fiction Prize for The Kingdom by the Sea (Methuen, 1990). Both that and Gulf (1992) were commended runners-up for the Carnegie Medal. The latter tells of the home front during the Persian Gulf War. From 1988 until his death <mask> attended a writers' circle in Lymm where he helped to assist and mentor new writers. Death, memorial and legacy
<mask> died on 15 April 1993 in Warrington Hospital of respiratory failure from pneumonia. At the time of his death, he lived in lodgings with his landlady, Lindy McKinnel, at 1 Woodland Avenue in the village of Lymm.He had his own cottage a few paces away, which he visited every day to do his writing. Previously he had lived at 20 Winnington Lane, Northwich and run Magpie Antiques, Church Street, Davenham. As a journalist, <mask> wrote for Cheshire Life, the Northwich Chronicle and the Warrington Guardian. A memorial service was held on 29 September 1993, at nearby All Saints' Church, Thelwall,

masks: Westall Westall Westall Westall


title: Robert Westall

texts:
 Warrington. Tributes were paid by former teaching colleagues and Miriam Hodgson, editorial director (fiction) of Reed Children's Books. A blue plaque was placed on <mask>'s birthplace, 7 Vicarage Street, North Shields, the following year. There is also a Westall Walk across locations used by <mask> in his stories.In October 2006, A Trip to Tynemouth by the Japanese animator Hayao Miyazaki was published in Japan. It is based on "Blackham's Wimpy", a story first published in Westall's Break of Dark collection. The rival RAF crews in the story fly Vickers Wellington bombers. The nickname "Wimpy" comes from Wimpy in the Popeye cartoons. Selected bibliography
According to WorldCat, participating libraries hold editions of Westall's books in 17 foreign languages. Novels

The Machine Gunners (1975)
The Wind Eye (1976)
The Watch House (1977)
The Devil on the Road (1978)
Fathom Five (1979)
The Scarecrows (1981)
Break of Dark (1982)
Futuretrack Five (1983)
The Haunting of Chas McGill (1983)
The Cats of Seroster (1984)
Rachel and the Angel (1986)
The Creature in the Dark (1988)
Ghost Abbey (1988)
Ghosts and Journeys (1988)
Blitzcat (1989)
The Call and Other Stories (1989)
Old Man on a Horse (1989)
A Walk on the Wild Side (1989)
Echoes of War (1989)
Urn Burial (1989)
If Cats Could Fly (1990)
The Kingdom by the Sea (1990)
The Promise (1990)
Stormsearch (1990)
The Stones of Muncaster Cathedral (1991)
Yaxley's Cat (1991)
Fearful Lovers (1992)
Gulf (1992)
Falling into Glory (1993)
A Place For Me (1993)
Size Twelve (1993)
The Wheatstone Pond (1993)
A Place to Hide (1994)
A Time of Fire (1994)
The Witness (1994)
Blitz (1995)
Christmas Spirit (1995)
The Night Mare (1995)
Blizzard (1996)
Harvest (1996)
Love Match (1997)
Voices in the Wind (1997)
David and the Kittens (2003)

Short fiction collections
 Break of

masks: Westall Westall


title: Robert Westall

texts:
 Dark (1982)
 The Haunting of Chas McGill and Other Stories (1983)
 Rachel and the Angel and Other Stories (1986)
 Ghosts and Journeys (1988)
Antique Dust (1989)
 The Call and Other Stories (1989) (a.k.a. The Call and Other Strange Stories, 2003)The Stones of Muncaster Cathedral (1991) (a.k.a.In Camera and Other Stories, 1992)Fearful Lovers and Other Stories (1992, a.k.a. Fearful Lovers 1993)
 Demons and Shadows: The Ghostly Best of <mask> (1993) (a.k.a. The Best of <mask>: Volume One: Demons and Shadows, 1999)
Shades of Darkness: More of the Ghostly Best Stories of <mask> (1994) (a.k.a. See also

Notes

References

External links

<mask>all Collection – archive at Seven Stories, the Centre for Children's Books

1929 births
1993 deaths
20th-century British Army personnel
20th-century British non-fiction writers
20th-century British novelists
20th-century British short story writers
20th-century educators
20th-century English non-fiction writers
20th-century English novelists
20th-century essayists
Alumni of Durham University
Alumni of the Slade School of Fine Art
Antiques dealers
British art critics
British autobiographers
British children's writers
British horror writers
British male essayists
British male non-fiction writers
British male short story writers
British writers of young adult literature
Carnegie Medal in Literature winners
English art critics
English autobiographers
English children's writers
English essayists
English horror writers
English non-fiction writers
English short story writers
Ghost story writers
Guardian Children's Fiction Prize winners
Literacy and society theorists
People educated at Sir John Deane's College
People from Northwich
Psychological fiction writers
Royal Corps of Signals soldiers
War writers
Weird fiction writers
Writers of historical fiction set in

masks:
Robert Westall
Robert Westall
Robert Westall
Robert West


title: Christon Gray

texts:
<mask> (born July 18, 1986), is an American R&B singer and rapper born and raised in Columbus, Ohio. He calls his music "about being human". It is this approach that has allowed him a successful transition from Christian music to mainstream. Background
<mask> was born <mask> on July 18, 1986, in Columbus, Ohio. His parents, <mask> (a former choir leader), and his mother Leigh Ann (a trained soprano) have two other children; <mask>'s older brother, <mask>, who is also a rapper and pastor, and his younger sister Aubrey, who is currently a college student. He resides in Cincinnati, Ohio with his wife, <mask> and has a daughter named Mya Blue. On February 22, 2020, they welcomed a baby girl, <mask>.Music career

2006–2011: Elevationists and EWEWM

In 2006, <mask> was a part of The Elevationists with his brother, Taelor and childhood friend BJ (James Hazley). After a few years together, they disbanded the group. In 2011, <mask>, with the help of writing partner and music director Marlo Scott, released an album entitled Even With Evil With Me. The independent release spawned the timeless track 'Isle of You', which quickly led to record label interest. Before the year was out, he was signed to Collision Records. 2012–2014: Collision Records and School of Roses
In 2012, he began working on his retail and label debut for Collision, but as it morphed, he decided to release it as a free mixtape. Body Art  was a hit among <mask>'s fans and featured the label's roster as well as other artists and producers from the CHH genre.It caught many fans off guard because it was more of a rap album than EWEWM, which was the album's intention. Early in 2013, the label released the collective album We Live As Kings (W.L.A.K.). As a member of the four-man group, <mask> was featured on the majority of the tracks. The album went on to top the Billboard Gospel chart and crack

masks:
Christon Michael Gray
Gray
Christon Michael Gray
Arthur Gray
Christon
Taelor Gray
Shana Gray
Story Monroe Gray
Gray
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Christon


title: Christon Gray

texts:
 the top 10 on the Rap and Christian charts. It also contained the cut 'King in Me' which was used as the theme song to American Idol's Super Bowl commercial in 2014. On March 25, 2014, <mask> released his 2nd studio album entitled School of Roses. It included fan favorites 'Vanish' (feat.Swoope) and 'Wanna' (feat. JGivens) which peaked at No. 15 on the Billboard Live Trending chart. This was more of an R&B album than Body Art, and it debuted at the top of the overall charts on iTunes, and hit No. 44 on the Billboard Top 200 and No. 5 on Top R&B Albums. 2015–January 2017: FYS/RCA and The Glory Album
In early 2015, <mask> began releasing music on his own, prompting fans to question whether or not he was still a part of Collision and W.L.A.K.The first track 'Open Door (See You Later)' was posted on his SoundCloud page in March 2015. Still not addressing his status, one week later he posted the beautiful piano led love ballad, 'Afraid With You'. Lastly, he posted 'Light On' featuring B.Reith the following week. On April 28, 2015, after confirming he was leaving Collision in an interview with Wade-O & Rapzilla, <mask> released an EP called The Demos to be streamed exclusively on the Christian music-streaming app, "The Overflow". The album went to be the most streamed project on the entire service for 2015, with all 5 tracks occupying spots No. 1 – No. 5 the week of its release.It became clear that he was using these songs to get himself a new record deal, and in June 2015, he revealed that he had signed with Kirk Franklin's label, Fo Yo Soul Recordings/RCA. Kirk himself made the announcement via video screen at Alive Fest in Ohio on June 20, 2015. He subsequently removed The Demos to work on his third retail album and label debut. On November 18, 2015, Rapzilla.com released an interview via email with <mask> in which he said his debut with Fo Yo Soul

masks: Gray Gray Gray Gray


title: Christon Gray

texts: had been completed and was being scheduled for release during "the colder part of 2016". A couple of weeks later, on December 2, 2015, <mask> released a freestyle video that included the name and release date of his next project, The Glory Album. <mask>'s debut album with Fo Yo Soul/RCA was set to be released on March 11, 2016. Two weeks after that, he debuted the first new track off the album on Vevo called 'Connor McDees' featuring Brooklyn emcee, Skyzoo and his brother Taelor.Leading up to the album release, he was chosen as one of ESPN's Artists of the Month for March. The station highlighted 3 tracks, 'Open Door (See You Later)', 'The Glory Pt. I' and 'Stop Me' on all of their regular programing. The later track went on to be used in commercials for Honda, HBO's Ballers, FOX's Lethal Weapon & RocNation Sports. It was also used at the ESPY Awards during the shows final segment. The remix of the song was debuted during his interview on the Sway in the Morning show in mid September 2016. The song continued success in 2017, being used on FOX Sports programming worldwide, as well as the team song for a number of professional sports franchises.In 2018, the song was used as the theme to Warner Bros Pictures blockbuster 'Rampage' starring The Rock and as the intro song to EA Sports 'Madden '19' NFL Video game. For the 2018–19 NBA Season, ESPN is using the song for its in NBA Studio show. In 2020, it was used by ABC in some commercials for their show 'For Life'. Also during this time, Apple Music selected 'Open Door (See You Later)' and 'Ft. Knox' as 'Best of the Week' singles back to back. As well, TGA received key placements on Amazon Music, iTunes, Google Play, TIDAL, and Spotify. The Glory Album was released on March 11, 2016.The LP went on to again claim the No. 5 position on the Billboard R&B charts, while also hitting No. 6 on the Christian

masks: Gray Gray


title: Christon Gray

texts:
 chart. <mask> was chosen as the first ever youth ambassador for the BET Awards in June 2016. After just one album with the label, <mask> let fans know that he had officially left RCA in January 2017. He did not elaborate on the reasons, but said when the time was right he would speak about it. According to the post, it was a business decision and he wishes all parties involved well.2017: 'No Hesitation' and Return to FYS/RCA Records
In March 2017, <mask>, along with Chris Shaban started their own Podcast entitled 'Chris' Podcast'. The first two episodes included guests Ty Montgomery, Chris Broussard and Darren Haynes. <mask> mentioned that this was a pilot program and that they were looking to bring it back sometime in 2019. On July 28, <mask> dropped a single called 'No Hesitation' independently. This was his first release since leaving Fo Yo Soul/RCA Records. In an interview with Wade-O, <mask> said, "You know the inspiration for the song came from me watching the BET Awards, and I saw 'Crae's speech, and I know he caught some flack for that... I talked to Lecrae the other day, and I told him, I come from that world...I grew up listening to them and without them, you (Wade) would not be having an interview with me... so I told him (Lecrae), yo, I didn't expect you to go back and apologize, so I did it for you." The song would become another hit for <mask>, and he went on to perform it live at the 2018 Stellar Awards. A week later, on August 4, he released 'Shoulda Known', which included a sample of his song, 'Burning House (Roses 102)' off the School of Roses album. It featured long-time collaborator and friend, JGivens. On Sunday November 5, <mask> <mask> was announced as the new Worship Leader at Christ's Church in Mason, Ohio. By the end of the year, an agreement had been reached for him to rejoin Fo Yo Soul and the new staff at RCA

masks: Gray Gray Gray Gray Gray Gray Gray Christon Gray


title: Christon Gray

texts:
 Inspiration in Nashville. It would not become public until later on in 2018.2018: Clear The Heir
By the end of 2017 and leading into 2018, <mask> let fans know that he was back writing, but did not elaborate. There weren't anymore indications until a post on Instagram in February with Chris Shaban and Ty Montgomery, taken from a writing session in Cambridge, Ontario. He would later go on to tell that 4 songs were already written by this point, with two making the album, 'Seekrets' and 'Together Forever'. In March, there came a string of posts from the studio that included MD and producer Marlo Scott, Producer GiAngelo Power, Pastor Trevor DeVage, Montgomery and Shaban. <mask> said in a post on Twitter, "...there was a week in March 2018 when everything started to come together. That week we did 'Grow Up', 'You & I (Sampson's Lament)' and brushed up a few other songs that made the cut." Those other songs were 'Seekrets', 'Together Forever' and the instrumental to 'Clear The Heir'.In April at the Stellar Awards, rumors started swirling that <mask> had re-signed with Fo Yo Soul/RCA Records, and while it had happened months before, it was a post with Kirk Franklin that said "Welcome home" that started the buzz. One more studio picture that month and <mask> took some time off of his social media and no further updates came until late in the summer. On August 2, a post from famed Canadian studio Metalworks that read "October 19" and had no sound, but a studio full of his collaborators started his promotion run for the album. Later on, it was revealed that the album's release date would be October 19. On August 24, he dropped the first single 'Together Forever' with credit going to Fo Yo Soul/Essential Sound/Sony. The track contained a portion of his September 2016 interview on Sirius XM's 'Sway in the Morning' where he discussed divorce. On September 14,

masks: Gray Gray Christon Gray


title: Christon Gray

texts:
 he released the album's second single 'Time Out', produced by Toronto's GiAngelo Power.That instrumental had come from a writing session with JGivens in November 2016. The song would go on to be featured on Spotify's 'Beastmode' Playlist and peak at No. 11 on Urban Christian CHR radio BDS reporting list, 'The Hot Chart'. It would spend 6 months on that chart. On September 21, RCA released the music video for 'Time Out' and it featured a host of Christian athletes including Ty Montgomery, Mike Conley, A.J. Styles, Steven Sousa Jr., Andre Ward, Michelle Plouffe and more. The song's co-writer and video director, Chris Shaban said, "Growing up as a Christian kid (in Toronto), I was always inspired by athletes who excelled at a high level and love Jesus, so we decided we'd like to try and motivate the next generation the same way."It was accompanied by the #TimeOutChallenge that asked fans to rap over the song's instrumental with the winner receiving a signed pair of Jordan Brand shoes from Conley and a signed Green Bay Packers jersey from Montgomery. On October 12, <mask> released the third single from the album, 'Grow Up'. It was immediately added to numerous playlists on Spotify, including 'New Music Friday', 'New Music Friday Christian', 'Blessings', and 'The Flow'. 2019: Winner's Circle
One week after the release of Clear The Heir, <mask> <mask> was once again granted permission to leave RCA. While not speaking specifically about what led to his second request for release, it was granted and he wished the label success. A few months later he dropped the maxi-single, 'Winner's Circle', which featured the tracks 'Round Here' w/ Dee-1 and 'All Day Flow'. He seems to have addressed his label situation on that song with the lines, "Oh mamma mia, mamma mia, don't look so surprised when I see ya.When they pulled my album from the streamers (on release

masks: Gray Christon Gray


title: Christon Gray

texts:
 day), denied the label like I'm Peter. Fool me once, I can handle it. Fool me twice, turn my hand to fist, fool me thrice, I'll abandon ship." He released the song to one radio station, BOOST 101.9 in St. Louis at their request, but kept it from other stations. The song peaked at No. 5 on BOOST, spinning more than 7 times a day at its peak. A video for the songs from the 2 track offering was released on May 14, 2020.It features Dee-1's verse from 'Round Here' as well as a full video for 'All Day Flow'. The video was shot by Christian Padron. It also ends with a teaser for <mask>'s upcoming album, School of Roses 2, said to be released on Independence Day 2020. 2020: See You Soon, Beautiful Dreamer and The Lead Up For SOR2
On April 17, 2020, <mask> dropped a single entitled, 'See You Soon'. According to YouTube, he dropped this song early in the pandemic to be an encouragement, mainly to other people. The blurb asks people to get groceries, call and pray for your neighbors. Mike Conley of the Utah Jazz used the song as part of his donation press release during COVID-19.As of June 15, 2020, the song sat at No. 11 on the Christian CHR and Rhythmic radio chart, and was on major radio in Canada, France, England, Australia, New Zealand, and many other places around the world. Containing a sample from Tracklib, the sample house interviewed the song's producers, Phantom and Chris Shaban shortly after the release. On June 11, 2020, <mask> posted an album cover and song title, Beautiful Dreamer, for a track to be released on the Juneteenth holiday (June 19). Discography

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
African-American rappers
African-American Christians
American evangelicals
American performers of Christian hip hop music
Rappers from Columbus, Ohio
21st-century American rappers
21st-century African-American musicians
20th-century

masks: Gray Gray Gray


title: Robert Hart (musician)

texts:
<mask> (born 1 November 1958, Bournemouth, Hampshire - now Dorset) is an English vocalist and songwriter. He is currently the lead singer of Manfred Mann's Earth Band and the band Diesel. He has performed as a solo artist, and with The Distance and also with former Whitesnake members in the band called Company of Snakes and with Bad Company. He also fronted The Jones Gang, a rock group formed by <mask>, Rick Wills and Kenney Jones. He now performs as a solo artist as well as touring with his own band XBad Company, with Dave "Bucket" Colwell and Garry "Harry" James (ex-members of Bad Company). He was the first English writer to be signed to Disney owned Hollywood Records. He has also written several Number 1 hits, and written a number of songs for film soundtracks, whilst being signed to Roy Orbison's Still Working Music, Disney's Hollywood Records, and Island Records.Career

Chris Blackwell signed <mask> to his Island Records label in the 1980s and teamed him with Bernard Edwards. The two men produced collaborated on several projects, including the soundtrack for the Whoopi Goldberg film, The Burglar. The Distance was commercially successful in Japan. After leaving the band <mask> moved to Atlantic Records as a solo artist, with Stewart Levine producing his first album, Cries and Whispers. He then became the first English artist to be signed by Disney-owned Hollywood Records, and worked with Russ Ballard on <mask>'s self-titled album, <mask>, which charted in more than 18 countries. While touring following the release of the album in 1992, <mask> was approached by Mick Ralphs of Bad Company and asked whether he would be interested in fronting the band. For the next seven years <mask>

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Robert Hart
Hart
Hart
Hart
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Robert Hart
Hart
Hart


title: Robert Hart (musician)

texts:
 toured with them.He also co-wrote two of the band's albums, Company of Strangers and Stories Told & Untold, three live albums. Over the years <mask> has also been involved in projects with Andy Taylor of Duran Duran, Peter Maffay, members of Chic and Go West. His association with Kenney Jones came via Boz Burrell, who played with <mask> in Bad Company. Bad Company
During 1992, <mask> was approached by Mick Ralphs and Simon Kirke and asked if he would like to join them as the third lead vocalist for Bad Company, following Paul Rodgers and Brian Howe. <mask> performed with Bad Company, including in the US and Canada. In July 1994 a contract was drawn up by Alliance Artists and Legend Management and signed by the then Bad Company line up, Mick Ralphs, Simon Kirke, <mask>, Dave Colwell and Rick Wills, giving <mask> the right to perform, write and record songs and albums and receive royalty payments as a full Bad Company member. In 1995 a self-produced Bad Company album was released, Company of Strangers, with <mask>, who bore a vocal similarity to Paul Rodgers.It contained five tracks self-penned or co-written by <mask> and Ralphs. The band made a promotional tour of the US with Bon Jovi. Griffin Music of America also re-issued Take This! on compact disc. In 1996 another Bad Co album, Stories Told & Untold featured <mask>. Stories Told & Untold, contained seven new compositions and seven acoustic versions including 'Can't Get Enough' and 'Ready For Love'. <mask> was also lead vocalist on three live albums between 1994 and 2001.In March he will be on tour in Germany with “Rock meets classic“ featuring Alice Cooper. The Jones Gang
After Bad Company, <mask> became the frontman with the Jones

masks: Hart Hart Hart Hart Hart Hart Hart Hart Hart Hart Hart