title: Tom Waits

texts:
 April 1990, and Waits won the case in 1992. He received a $2.6 million settlement, a sum larger than his earnings from all of his previous albums combined. This earned him and Brennan a reputation as tireless adversaries. The Black Rider, Bone Machine, and Alice: 1989–1998

In 1989, Waits began planning a collaboration with Robert Wilson, a theatre director he had known throughout the 1980s.Their project was a "cowboy opera" titled The Black Rider. It was to be based around a German folk tale, that of the Freischütz. In 2004, Waits related that "Wilson is my teacher. There's nobody that's affected me that much as an artist". <mask> was scheduled to write the music for the play, and at the suggestion of Allen Ginsberg, <mask> and Wilson approached the Beat poet William S. Burroughs to write the play. To do this, they flew to Kansas to meet with Burroughs, who agreed to join their project. Waits travelled to Hamburg in May 1989 to work on the project, and was later joined there by Burroughs.The Black Rider debuted in Hamburg's Thalia in March 1990. On completing its run at the Thalia, the play went on an international tour, with a second run of performances occurring in the mid-2000s. In June 1989, <mask> travelled to London to appear in Ann Guedes' film Bearskin: An Urban Fairytale. He proceeded to Ireland, where he was joined by Brennan and spent time with her family. In December 1989, he began a stint as Curly, a mobster's son, at the Los Angeles Theater Center production of Thomas Babe's play Demon Wine. Over the next four years, he made seven film appearances. He nevertheless repeatedly told press that he did


title: Tom Waits

type: original

texts: not see himself as an actor, but only as someone who did some acting.He made a brief appearance as a plainclothes cop in The Two Jakes (1990) and then a disabled war veteran in Terry Gilliam's The Fisher King (1991). He had a cameo in Steve Rash' Queens Logic (1991) and then played a pilot-for-hire in Héctor Babenco's At Play in the Fields of the Lord (1991). He appeared as Renfield in Coppola's 1992 film Bram Stoker's Dracula. Waits also starred as Earl Piggot, an alcoholic limousine driver, in Robert Altman's Short Cuts. Hoskyns stated that this "may be the best performance Waits ever gave as an actor." In 1991, <mask> and his family moved to the outskirts of Sonoma, but after a bypass road was built nearby they moved again, relocating to a secluded house near Valley Ford. In 1992, Waits gave up drinking alcohol and joined Alcoholics Anonymous.Between 1991 and 1993, much of <mask>'s early work was assembled and released as the multi-volume <mask>: The Early Years. Waits was angered at this, describing many of his early demos as "baby pictures" that he would not want released. In April 1992, <mask> released the soundtrack album to Jarmusch's Night on Earth. Largely instrumental, it had been recorded at the Prairie Sun studio in Cotati. In the early 1990s he took part in several charitable causes; in 1990 he contributed a song to the HIV/AIDS benefit album Red Hot + Blue and later appeared at a Wiltern Theater fundraising show for the victims of the 1992 Los Angeles riots. In August 1992, <mask> released his tenth studio album, Bone Machine. The album was recorded in an old storage room at Prairie Sun.Waits

masks:
Waits
Waits
Tom Waits
Waits
Waits


title: Tom Waits

texts: described wanting to explore "more machinery sounds" with the album. Eight of the album tracks were co-written by Brennan, reflecting her growing impact over his work. The album cover was co-designed by <mask> and Jesse Dylan. Jarmusch filmed a video for the album song "I Don't Wanna Grow Up". Critic Steve Huey calls it "perhaps <mask>'s most cohesive album... a morbid, sinister nightmare, one that applied the quirks of his experimental '80s classics to stunningly evocative—and often harrowing—effect... Waits's most affecting and powerful recording, even if it isn't his most accessible." The album won a Grammy Award for Best Alternative Album; in response to the news, <mask> told Jarmusch: "alternative to what?!" <mask> next appeared in Jarmusch's film Coffee and Cigarettes, where he was filmed having a conversation with the rock singer Iggy Pop.Waits decided that he wanted to record an album of the songs written for The Black Rider play, doing so at Los Angeles' Sunset Sound Factory. The album, The Black Rider, was released in the fall of 1993. <mask> and Wilson decided to collaborate again, this time on an operatic treatment about the novelist Lewis Carroll's relationship with Alice Liddell, who had provided the inspiration for Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass. Again scheduled to premier at the Thalia, they began working on the project in Hamburg in early 1992. Waits characterized the songs he wrote for the play as "adult songs for children, or children's songs for adults". In his lyrics, Waits drew on his increasing interest in freak shows and the physically deformed. He thought the play itself

masks:
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Tom Waits
Waits
Waits
Waits


title: Tom Waits

texts:
 was about "repression, mental illness and obsessive, compulsive disorders".Alice premiered at the Thalia in December 1992. In early 1993, Brennan was pregnant with <mask>'s third child, Sullivan. He decided to reduce his workload so as to spend more time with his children; this isolation spawned rumours that he was seriously ill or had separated from his wife. For three years, he turned down all offers to perform gigs or appear in movies. However, he made several cameos and guest appearances on albums by musicians he admired. The English musician Gavin Bryars visited him in California and Waits added vocals for a re-release of Bryars's Jesus' Blood Never Failed Me Yet, which was then nominated for the 1993 Mercury Music Award. In February 1996, he held a benefit performance to raise funds for the legal defence of his friend Don Hyde, who had been charged with distributing LSD.He also contributed two songs to the soundtrack album of the film Dead Man Walking, released that year, while he then contributed another song to the 1997 film The End of Violence. In 1998, Island released Beautiful Maladies, a compilation of 23 Waits tracks from his five albums with the company; he had been allowed to select the tracks himself. That year, Waits also produced and funded Weiss's album, Extremely Cool, as a favor to his old friend. Mule Variations and Woyzeck: 1999–2003

After his contract with Island expired, Waits decided not to try to renew it, particularly as Blackwell had resigned from the company. He signed to a smaller record label, Anti-, recently launched as an offshoot of the punk-label Epitaph Records. He described


title: Tom Waits

texts: the company as "a friendly place". The president of Anti-, Andy Kaulkin, said the label was "blown away that <mask> would even consider us.We are huge fans." Waits himself praised the label: "Epitaph is a label run by and for artists and musicians, where it feels much more like a partnership than a plantation... We shook on the deal over a coffee in a truck stop. I know it's going to be an adventure." In March 1999, Anti- released his album Mule Variations. Waits had been recording the tracks at Prairie Sun since June 1998. The tracks often dealt with themes involving rural life in the United States and were influenced by the early blues recordings made by Alan Lomax; Waits coined the term "surrural" ("surreal" and "rural") to describe the album's contents. On its release, Mule Variations reached number 30 on the U.S.Billboard 200, representing the highest showing of a Waits album. The album was critically well received, being named "Album of the Year" by Mojo magazine, and was given a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album. On the Grammy's categorization of the album as folk music, Waits noted: "That's not a bad thing to be called if you've got to be in some kind of category." Also in March 1999, Waits gave his first live show in three years at Paramount Theater in Austin, Texas as part of the South by Southwest festival. He subsequently appeared in an episode of VH1's Storytellers television show, where he performed several tracks. In the later part of the year he embarked on the Mule Variations tour, primarily in the U.S. but also featuring dates in Berlin. In October, he performed at Neil Young's annual


title: Tom Waits

texts: Bridge School benefit gig.That year, he also appeared in the Kinka Usher film Mystery Men, a comic book spoof, where he played Dr A. Heller, an eccentric inventor living in an abandoned amusement park. In 2000, Waits produced Wicked Grin, the 2001 album of his friend John Hammond; the album contained several covers of Waits songs. Also in 2000, Waits began writing songs for Wilson's production of the Georg Büchner play Woyzeck, scheduled to start at the Betty Nansen Theater in Copenhagen in November. He initially worked on the songs at home before traveling to Copenhagen for rehearsals in October. Waits stated that he liked the play because it was "a proletariat story... about a poor soldier who is manipulated by the government". He decided to then record the songs he had written for both Alice and Woyzeck, placing them on separate albums. For these recordings, he brought in a range of jazz and avant-garde musicians from San Francisco.The two albums, titled Alice and Blood Money, were released simultaneously in May 2002. Alice entered the U.S. album chart at number 32 and Blood Money at number 33, his highest charting positions at that time. Waits described Alice as being "more metaphysical or something, maybe more water, more feminine", while Blood Money was "more earthbound, more carnival, more the slaving meat-wheel that we're all on". Of the two, Alice was better received by critics. In May 2001, <mask> accepted a Founders Award at the 18th annual American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) Pop Music Awards in a ceremony at Los Angeles' Beverly Hilton Hotel. That same month, he joined singers


title: Tom Waits

texts:
 Randy Newman and Nancy and Ann Wilson of Heart in launching a $40 million lawsuit against mp3.com for copyright infringement. In September 2002, he appeared at a hearing on accounting practices within the music industry in California.There, he expressed satisfaction with Anti but declared that more broadly, "the record companies are like cartels. It's a nightmare to be trapped in one." In September 2003, Waits performed at the Healing the Divide fundraiser in New York City, and contributed a track to that year's release of the album, Tribute to the Ramones. This latter track earned him a Grammy Award nomination for "Best Vocal Rock Performance". Real Gone: 2004–2011

In 2004, Waits's fifteenth studio album, Real Gone, was released. Waits had recorded it in an abandoned schoolhouse in Locke. Hoskyns called the album Waits's “roughest, most unkempt music to date".It incorporated Waits beatboxing, a technique he had picked up from his growing interest in hip hop. Humphries characterised it as "the most overtly political album of <mask>'s career". It featured three highly political songs expressing <mask>' anger at the presidency of George W. Bush and the Iraq War. He stated that "I'm not a politician. I keep my mouth shut because I don't want to put my foot in it. But at a certain point, saying absolutely nothing is a political statement of its own." Real Gone received largely good reviews.It made the Billboard Top 30 as well as the Top 10 in several European album charts, also earning him a nomination for Best International Male Solo Artist at the 2005 Brit Awards. In October 2004, he launched a tour in Vancouver

masks: Waits Waits


title: Tom Waits

texts: before heading to Europe, where his shows were sell-outs: his only London gig saw 78,000 applications for around 3,700 available tickets. After several years of making no film appearances, he played a gun-toting Seventh-day Adventist in Tony Scott's 2005 film Domino. That year, he also appeared in Benigni's film The Tiger and the Snow, for which Waits had travelled to Italy. He followed this with a performance as an angel posing as a tramp in the 2007 film Wristcutters: A Love Story. In the summer of 2006, Waits embarked of a short tour of southern and Midwest states, titled Orphans. His son Casey played with him in the band accompanying him on the tour.In November 2006, he issued Orphans: Brawlers, Bawlers & Bastards, a 54-song three-disc box set of rarities, unreleased tracks, and new compositions. Waits described its contents as "songs that fell behind the stove while making dinner". Orphans made the top ten in several European charts. That year, he also made another guest appearance on the Sparklehorse album Dreamt for Light Years in the Belly of a Mountain. In January 2008, Waits performed at a benefit for Bet Tzedek Legal Services—The House of Justice, a nonprofit poverty law center, in Los Angeles. In 2008 Waits embarked on his Glitter and Doom Tour, starting in the U.S. and then moving to Europe. Both of his sons played with him on the tour.At the June concert in El Paso, Texas, he was awarded the key to the city. <mask> continued acting, appearing as Mr Nick in Terry Gilliam's 2009 film The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus. Waits found himself in a situation similar to his earlier one with Frito Lay in 2000


title: Tom Waits

texts:
 when Audi approached him, asking to use "Innocent When You Dream" (from Franks Wild Years) for a commercial broadcast in Spain. Waits declined, but the commercial ultimately featured music very similar to that song. Waits undertook legal action, and a Spanish court recognized that there had been a violation of <mask>'s moral rights in addition to the infringement of copyright. The production company, Tandem Campany Guasch, was ordered to pay compensation to Waits through his Spanish publisher. Waits later joked that they got the name of the song wrong, thinking it was called "Innocent When You Scheme".In 2005, Waits sued Adam Opel AG, claiming that, after having failed to sign him to sing in their Scandinavian commercials, they had hired a sound-alike singer. In 2007, the suit was settled, and Waits gave the sum to charity. Bad as Me and later work: 2011–present

In 2010, Waits was reported to be working on a new stage musical with director and long-time collaborator Robert Wilson and playwright Martin McDonagh. In early 2011, Waits completed a set of 23 poems titled Seeds on Hard Ground, which were inspired by Michael O'Brien's portraits of the homeless in his book, Hard Ground, which included the poems alongside the portraits. In anticipation of the book release, Waits and ANTI- printed limited edition chapbooks of the poems to raise money for Redwood Empire Food Bank, a homeless referral and family support service in Sonoma County, California. As of January 26, 2011, four editions, each limited to 1,000 copies, sold out, raising $90,000 for the food bank. In March 2011, Waits was inducted into the Rock and Roll


title: Tom Waits

texts: Hall of Fame by Neil Young.In accepting the award, he stated: "They say I have no hits and that I'm difficult to work with... like it's a bad thing." On February 24, 2011, it was announced via <mask>'s official website that he had begun work on his next studio album. Waits said through his website that on August 23 he would "set the record straight" in regards to rumors of a new release. On August 23, the title of the new album was revealed to be Bad as Me, and the lead single and title track started being offered via Amazon.com and other sites. The album was released on October 24. In 2012, Waits had a supporting role in the crime comedy film, Seven Psychopaths, written and directed by Martin McDonagh, where he played a retired serial killer. In 2013, Waits's cover of "Shenandoah," recorded with Keith Richards, was included on the compilation album Son of Rogue's Gallery: Pirate Ballads, Sea Songs & Chanteys.The album was released February 19 on ANTI-. On May 5, 2013, Waits joined the Rolling Stones on stage at the Oracle Arena in Oakland, California to duet with Mick Jagger on the song "Little Red Rooster". The same year, the songs "Hold On" and "I Don't Wanna Grow Up" were sung by the character Beth Greene (Emily Kinney) in The Walking Dead episodes "I Ain't a Judas" and "Infected", respectively. On October 27, 2013, Waits performed at the 27th annual Bridge School Benefit concert in Mountain View California. Rolling Stone called it a "triumph". Over the years, <mask> made six regular appearances on the Late Show with David Letterman, and on May 14, 2015, he sang "Take One Last Look" on the show's fifth to last


title: Tom Waits

texts:
 broadcast. He was accompanied by Larry Taylor on upright bass and Gabriel Donohue on piano accordion, with the horn section of the CBS Orchestra.In the fall of 2015, <mask>' work was featured in several songs adapted for stage performance in Chicago Shakespeare theater's production of The Tempest. In 2016, Waits embarked upon litigation against French artist Bartabas, who had used several of Waits' songs as a backdrop to a theatrical performance. Claims and counterclaims were made, with Bartabas claiming to have sought and been granted permission to use the material (and to have paid $400,000 for the privilege) but with Waits claiming that his identity had been stolen. The court ruled in Bartabas's favor, and the circus performance was allowed to continue, although the threat of further litigation meant that it was not performed outside France and the resulting DVD release does not contain Waits's material. In 2018, <mask> had a feature role in The Ballad of Buster Scruggs, a western anthology film by the Coen Brothers, which was released on Netflix. His character, The Prospector in the "All Gold Canyon" story, digs for gold in a valley in the Old West. In 2021, Waits had a supporting role in Licorice Pizza, a coming-of-age film by Paul Thomas Anderson.Musical style

Hoskyns described the "core sound" of <mask>'s early work as being that of a "Beat verse/jazz-trio". There were jazz elements in <mask>' early work. During his Blue Valentine tour, Waits began experimenting more with sounds derived from the blues, with Humphries arguing that Waits had "always been indebted" to the blues. In later life, he preferred to

masks: Waits Waits Waits Waits


title: Tom Waits

texts: be thought of as a blues singer, although accepted the label of a folk singer. Waits has made use of blues, jazz, vaudeville and experimental. Waits described his voice as being "the sand in the sandwich". He has modelled some of his early vocal mannerisms after Richard Buckley.Waits was usually reticent to discuss the specifics of his song-writing with journalists. His work was influenced by his voracious reading and by conversations that he overheard in diners. A major influence was the Beat writer Jack Kerouac, although other writers who inspired him included Charles Bukowski, Nelson Algren, John Rechy, and Hubert Selby Jr. He was also inspired by the comedian Lenny Bruce. Musically, he was influenced by Randy Newman, and Dr. John. He regarded James Brown as one of his musical heroes, and was also a great fan of the Rolling Stones. He has praised Dylan, noting that "for a songwriter, Dylan is as essential as a hammer and nails and saw are to a carpenter", as well as the country musician Merle Haggard, relating: "Want to learn how to write songs?Listen to Merle Haggard." As of 1982, <mask>'s musical style shifted; Hoskyns noted that this new style "was fashioned out of diverse and disparate ingredients". This new style was influenced by Captain Beefheart and Harry Partch. Noting that he had a "gravelly timbre" to his voice, Humphries characterized <mask>'s voice as one that "sounds like it was hauled through Hades in a dredger". His voice was described by critic Daniel Durchholz as sounding as though "it was soaked in a vat of bourbon, left hanging in the smokehouse for a few months, and then taken outside and


title: Tom Waits

texts: run over with a car". Rolling Stone also noted his "rusted plow-blade voice". One of <mask>'s own favorite descriptions of his vocal style was that of "Louis Armstrong and Ethel Merman meeting in Hell".Humphries cited him, alongside Kris Kristofferson, John Prine, and Randy Newman, as a number of U.S. singers who followed Dylan in breaking away from conventional styles of popular music and singing with their "distinctive" voices. Humphries described "Waitsworld" as a place of "the ricocheted romantics bent out of shape by a broad who should have known better; the twisted psychotics; the loners; the losers". By Blue Valentine, violent death had become a recurrent lyrical theme in his work; he wrote the song "Sweet Little Bullet" from that album, for instance, about a 15-year-old girl who committed suicide by jumping from a high window along the Hollywood Bowl. In his later work, orphanhood also became a recurring theme. Many of his songs make reference to fictional locations that he has invented, such as the eponymous term in his song "Burma Shave". Hoskyns also noted that many Waits songs, such as "Burma Shave" and "Georgia Lee", reflect an "abiding concern for runaways and kids in danger". Andy Gill expressed the view that throughout Waits's oeuvre, "the theme of lowlife redemption, of escape, is ever-present".Waits tended to wear all-black. Humphries noted that "on stage, Waits is a consummate performer, a raconteur of the recherché, and a genuine wit." Waits has stated that a performance should be "a spectacle and entertaining". It was on his 1977 tour for Foreign Affairs that he started employing props as part


title: Tom Waits

texts:
 of his routine; one recurring prop was a megaphone through which he would shout at the audience. Personal life

During the 1970s, he had a brief relationship with the comedian Elayne Boosler, an intermittent relationship with Bette Midler, as well as a relationship with Rickie Lee Jones. In 1980, Waits married his wife and frequent collaborator, Kathleen Brennan. They live in Sonoma County, California, and have three children: Kellesimone (born 1983), Casey (born 1985) and Sullivan (born 1993).After he married and had children, Waits became increasingly reclusive. Safeguarding the privacy of his family life became very important to him. During interviews, he deflected questions about his personal life, and refused to sanction any biography. When Barney Hoskyns was researching his unauthorized 2009 biography, Lowside of the Road: A Life of <mask>, Waits and his wife asked people not to talk to him. Hoskyns believed that it was Brennan who was responsible for the "wall of inaccessibility" surrounding Waits. Stage persona
Waits was determined to keep a distance between his public persona and his personal life. According to Hoskyns, Waits hid behind his persona, noting that "<mask>s is as much of a character created for his fans as it is a real man".In Hoskyns' view, <mask>' self-image was in part "a self-protective device, a screen to deflect attention". A few music journalists have gone so far as to suggest that Waits was a "poseur". Hoskyns regarded Waits' "persona of the skid-row boho/hobo, a young man out of time and place" as an "ongoing experiment in performance art". He added that Waits had adopted a

masks:
Tom Waits
Tom Wait
Waits


title: Tom Waits

texts: "self-appointed role as the bard of the streets". Mick Brown, a music journalist from Sounds who interviewed Waits in the mid-1970s, noted that "he had immersed himself in this character to the point where it wasn't an act and had become an identity". Louie Lista, a friend of <mask>' during the 1970s, stated that the singer's general attitude was that of "I'm an outsider, but I'll revel in being an outsider". In a similar manner to contemporaries like Bob Dylan and Neil Young, Waits was known for cutting contact with figures he worked with in his past.Another friend from the period, Troubadour-manager Robert Marchese, related that Waits cultivated "the whole mystique of this really funky dude and all that Charles Bukowski crap" to give "his impression of how funky poor folk really are", whereas in reality Waits was "basically a middle-class, San Diego mom-and-pop-schoolteacher kid". Humphries thought that there was a "conservative element" to Waits' persona, stating that behind his public image, "Waits has always been more of a white-picket-fence kind of guy than you might imagine." Jarmusch described Waits as "a very contradictory character", stating that he is "potentially violent if he thinks someone is screwing with him, but he's gentle and kind too". Herbert Hardesty, who worked with Waits on Blue Valentine, called him "a very pleasant human being, a very nice person". Humphries referred to him as "an essentially reticent man... reflective and surprisingly shy". He had a sense of humour and enjoyed jokes. Hoskyns described Waits as "unequivocally—some would say almost gruffly—heterosexual".Hoskyns suggested


title: Tom Waits

texts: Clash, Michael Stipe of R.E.M., Frank Black of Pixies, and James Hetfield from the heavy metal band Metallica. Bob Dylan, who was a major influence on the young Waits, stated that Waits was one of his "secret heroes". Many different musicians have covered his songs. In 1995, Holly Cole released an album of Waits's covers, Temptation, while in 2008 Scarlett Johansson did the same with her debut album, Anywhere I Lay My Head.Bruce Springsteen had a commercial success with his cover of <mask>'s “Jersey Girl", as did Rod Stewart with his covers of Waits tracks "Downtown Train" and "<mask> Traubert's Blues". Johnny Cash covered "Down There by the Train" on his 1994 album, American Recordings, calling Waits "a very special writer, my kind of writer". Willie Nelson included a cover of a Waits track on his album, It Always Will Be. The Ramones covered "I Don't Wanna Grow Up" on their final album, Adios Amigos, while Bob Seger covered "Blind Love","New Coat of Paint", and "Downtown Train", and Norah Jones included a song Waits wrote for her, "Long Way Home", on her album Feels Like Home. Singer-songwriter Tori Amos included a cover of <mask>'s song "Time" on her 2001 cover album Strange Little Girls; she performed the song on the David Letterman Show, the first musical performance on the show after 9/11. His tracks have also been selected for use in film. The director Julian Schnabel for instance chose two Waits tracks for inclusion in his award-winning 2008 film The Diving Bell and the Butterfly.The 1995 film, Smoke, used "Innocent When You Dream" as the soundtrack to the closing sequence, "Auggie Wren's Christmas Story",

masks: Waits Tom Waits


title: Saddeka Arebi

texts:
<mask> (, Ṣaddīqah Muḥammad `Arabī) (died July 2007) was an American/Arab American social anthropologist and author. Born in the Libyan capital of Tripoli, she immigrated with her family to the United States during the late 1970s, eventually settling in Northern California. After obtaining her doctorate, she subsequently served as a Professor of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley, San Francisco State University, and Saint Mary's College of California. She was also an active member of the Muslim World League (Rabitat al-Alam al-Islami), one of the largest   in the world consisting of Muslim religious figures from twenty-two countries. She died in July 2007 while visiting relatives in Libya. Literary contributions
In May 1994, Arebi published Women and Words in Saudi Arabia: The Politics of Literary Discourse, where she examines the works of nine contemporary Saudi women writers and their influence on Arabic cultural discourse (see Women in Arab societies). Based on interviews and textual analyses, the study maintains that female writers significantly contribute to the definition and interpretation of history, religion and tradition in Saudi Arabia despite the cultural, political and religious constraints placed on them as women and writers.In this groundbreaking work, Arebi draws on ethnographic and literary evidence to establish the uniqueness of Saudi women writers who: "emerged not only as a subject of discourse but also as generators of discourse producing their own texts and forming their own concepts for comprehending the universe. Since the late 1970s and despite the overwhelming power of discourse about them, women's words were unrelenting and daring in their challenge." She quotes a fatwa (religious legal opinion) by Shaikh Abd-al-Aziz ibn Abd-Allah ibn Baaz from 1978 summarizing the


title: Saddeka Arebi

texts:
 personally:

Motivations
Arebi dedicated this work to her mother and father, Mohamed Al-Soghayyer <mask>, whose firm belief in Allah ingrained in their family that it is through fairness, hard work, moderation, and tolerance that one can reach other truths and hence achieve a fuller humanity. She learned from them an important Islamic concept that "middleness" (wasaţ), being in the middle, even as a child, does not have to mean "between-ness," being torn or on shaky ground, but can be a firm and advantageous position from which one can see both sides more clearly. Arebi explained that this positive image of wasaţ extended to her scholarly position between two discourses and two civilizations and symbolized her aim to bring these two worlds to a mutual understanding. Lectures
Arebi was a popular lecturer at various conferences regarding Islam and women in the Arab World. On October 4, 1997, she participated in the 51st annual conference hosted by the Middle East Institute in Washington, DC, entitled "The Middle East into the Twenty-First Century." The conference drew over 400 journalists, diplomats, business people, NGOs and academics.In the final panel, Arebi partnered with Fadhil Chalabi of the Center for Global Energy Studies, explaining how the changing dynamics of oil exports will alter the economic and political situation in the Persian Gulf. She lectured at numerous events for Muslim Students Associations, such as one delivered in 1998 during Islam Awareness Week at Stanford University, entitled "Politics of misrepresentation; Women and power in Islamic societies." On February 22, 2007, she presented a public lecture entitled "Discerning Islam: Access, Voice and Contexts of Interpretive Responsibility" for the Center for Islamic Studies of the Graduate Theological Union at UC Berkeley. In one of her final


title: Leonard Woolf

texts:
<mask> (;  – ) was a British political theorist, author, publisher, and civil servant. He was married to author <mask>. Early life

<mask> was born in London in 1880 the third of ten children of <mask> (known as <mask>), a barrister and Queen's Counsel, and Marie (née de Jongh). His family was Jewish. After his father died in 1892, Woolf was sent to board at Arlington House School near Brighton, Sussex. From 1894 to 1899, he attended St Paul's School, and in 1899 he won a classical scholarship to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was elected to the Cambridge Apostles. Other contemporary members included Lytton Strachey, John Maynard Keynes, G. E. Moore, and E. M. Forster.Thoby Stephen (his future wife's brother) was friendly with the Apostles, though not a member himself. Woolf was awarded his BA in 1902, but stayed there for another year to study for the Civil Service examinations held then. In October 1904, Woolf moved to Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) to become a cadet in the Ceylon Civil Service, in Jaffna and later Kandy, and by August 1908 was named an assistant government agent in the Southern Province, where he administered the District of Hambantota. Woolf returned to England in May 1911 for a year's leave. Instead, however, he resigned in early 1912 and that same year married Virginia Stephen. <mask> and <mask> lived at 17 The Green Richmond starting from October 1914. In early March 1915, the couple moved to nearby Hogarth House, Paradise Road.In 1919, the Woolfs purchased the Round House in Pipe Passage, Lewes. The same year, they discovered Monk's House in nearby Rodmell, which both she and <mask> favoured because of its orchard and garden. She then bought Monk's House and sold the Round House. Together, <mask> and <mask> became influential in the Bloomsbury Group, which also included various other former Apostles. In December 1917, <mask> became one of the co-founders of the 1917 Club, which met in Gerrard Street, Soho.

masks:
Leonard Sidney Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Woolf
Solomon Rees Sidney Woolf
Sidney Woolf
Leonard
Virginia Woolf
Leonard
Leonard
Virginia Woolf
Woolf


title: Leonard Woolf

texts:
 Writing
After marriage, Woolf turned to writing and published his first novel, The Village in the Jungle (1913), which is based on his years in Ceylon. A series of books followed at roughly bi-annual intervals.On the introduction of conscription in 1916, during the First World War, Woolf was rejected for military service on medical grounds, and turned to politics and sociology. He joined the Labour Party and the Fabian Society, and became a regular contributor to the New Statesman. In 1916, he wrote International Government, proposing an international agency to enforce world peace. As his wife's mental health worsened, Woolf devoted much of his time to caring for her (he himself suffered from depression). In 1917, the Woolfs bought a small hand-operated printing press and with it they founded the Hogarth Press. Their first project was a pamphlet, hand-printed and bound by themselves. Within ten years the Press had become a full-scale publishing house, issuing Virginia's novels, <mask>'s tracts and, among other works, the first edition of T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land.Woolf continued as the main director of the Press until his death. His wife suffered from severe bouts of mental illness throughout her life, until her suicide by drowning in 1941. Later, <mask> fell in love with a married artist, Trekkie Parsons. In 1919, Woolf became editor of the International Review. He also edited the international section of the Contemporary Review from 1920 to 1922. He was literary editor of The Nation and Athenaeum, generally referred to simply as The Nation, from 1923 to 1930), and joint founder and editor of The Political Quarterly from 1931 to 1959), and for a time he served as secretary of the Labour Party's advisory committees on international and colonial questions. In 1960, Woolf revisited Ceylon and was surprised at the warmth of the welcome he received, and even the fact that he was still remembered.Woolf accepted an honorary doctorate

masks: Leonard Leonard


title: Leonard Woolf

texts:
 from the then-new University of Sussex in 1964 and in 1965 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. He declined the offer of Companion of Honour (CH) in the Queen's Birthday Honours list in 1966. Family
Among his nine siblings, <mask> was also an author. His brother Cecil Nathan <mask> was the author of Poems (published 1918); Cecil was killed in World War I in 1917. His dissertation Bartolus of Sassoferrato, his Position in the History of Medieval Political Thought was expanded to a book published by Cambridge University Press in 1913 in collaboration with his brother Philip. Philip and Cecil also translated Stendhal's On Love (Duckworth, 1915). Death
Woolf died on 14 August 1969 from a stroke.He was cremated and his ashes were buried alongside his wife's beneath an elm tree in his beloved garden at Monk's House, Rodmell, Sussex. The tree subsequently blew down and Woolf's remains have since been marked by a bronze bust. His papers are held by the University of Sussex at the  Falmer campus. Works
 The Village in the Jungle – 1913
 The Wise Virgins – 1914 (Republished in 2003 by Persephone Books)
 International Government – 1916
 The Future of Constantinople – 1917
 The Framework of a Lasting Peace - 1917
 Cooperation and the Future of Industry – 1918
 Economic Imperialism – 1920
 Empire and Commerce in Africa – 1920
 Socialism and Co-operation – 1921
 International co-operative trade – 1922
 Fear and Politics – 1925
 Essays on Literature, History, Politics – 1927
 Hunting the Highbrow – 1927
 Imperialism and Civilization – 1928
 After the Deluge (Principia Politica), 3 vols. – 1931, 1939, 1953
 Quack! Quack! – 1935
 Barbarians at the Gate – 1939
 The War for Peace – 1940
 A Calendar of Consolation – selected by <mask>, 1967

Autobiographical works
  Published in America as  Also .Also  (1977),  (1967), Eland (2015). Also

  Published in America as

Biographical works on <mask>
De Silva, Prabhath: <mask> as

masks:
Bella Woolf
Sidney Woolf
Leonard Woolf
Woolf
Leonard Woolf


title: Leonard Woolf

texts:
 a Judge in Ceylon: A British Civil Servant as a Judge in the Hambantota District of Colonial Sri Lanka (1908–1911). Neptune Publications (Pvt) Ltd, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka (2nd edition 2016). Edited excerpt of book available at
 Review of book with details about <mask> available at

Related works and cultural references
 In 1982, a film version in Sinhala of <mask>'s novel, Village in the Jungle, called Bæddegama was released. It featured Arthur C. Clarke in the role of Woolf. A film version of Michael Cunningham's 1998 Pulitzer Prize winning novel, The Hours, was released in 2002, starring Nicole Kidman as <mask>. The part of <mask> was played by Stephen Dillane.In 2005, a book titled Woolf in Ceylon was published by author Christopher Ondaatje. This is an unusual "in-the-footsteps of" book by the elder brother of novelist Michael Ondaatje. It is possibly that <mask>, Claudia's father in the video game Silent Hill 3 is named after Woolf. See also
Trekkie Parsons

References

External links

The <mask> fonds at the Victoria University Library at the University of Toronto consists of correspondence from Woolf to Ellen Alderm, 1935, and Mrs. Easdale, 1935, 1964–1968, primarily re submissions to Hogarth Press
 "Stories of the East by <mask>" via Discovering Literature at the British Library
 Frederic Spotts collection of papers on the letters of <mask> at the Mortimer Rare Book Collection, Smith College Special Collections

1880 births
1969 deaths
Bloomsbury Group
English Jews
English memoirists
Publishers (people) from London
Stephen-Bell family
British Jewish writers
People educated at St Paul's School, London
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Members of the Fabian Society
Jewish socialists
British civil servants in Ceylon
Sri Lankan Jews
Sri Lankan people of English descent
20th-century English novelists
Virginia Woolf
Jewish British politicians
Labour Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
20th-century English

masks:
Leonard Woolf
Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Leonard Woolf
Leonard Wolf
Leonard Woolf
Leonard Woolf
Leonard Woolf


title: Remus Cernea

texts:
<mask> (; born June 25, 1974) is a Romanian activist against discrimination based on faith and religion, an advocate of the separation of church and state and the founder of the Solidarity for Freedom of Conscience Association. From 2012 to 2016, he served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies. He was also president of the Green Party (PV). He ran in the 2009 Romanian presidential election, and was a candidate for Green Party (PV), gaining over 60,000 votes, or a share of 0.62% of the votes. In October 2010, he left the Green Party over ideological differences and created the Green Movement (Mișcarea Verzilor). Biography
Born in Bucharest, he lived in Hunedoara for 14 years, where his father worked as a geologist, then moved back to Bucharest in 1988. In 1998, he founded the Noesis Cultural Society, an organization which edited the first Romanian e-books and multimedia encyclopedias dedicated to subjects of the Romanian culture: a CD-ROM containing 50 e-books and encyclopedias about Ion Luca Caragiale and Constantin Brâncuși.These projects earned the Noesis Society the prize for the best educational product (2002 edition) given by the Presidency of Romania. Cernea studied Philosophy at the University of Bucharest (UB) but he did not graduate. In 2003, he founded the Association "Solidarity for Freedom of Conscience", a secularist and humanist organization which militates for freedom of thought, separation of church and state and against discrimination based on faith and religion. Cernea published in 2007 a book of essays and articles named "Manifest împotriva becalizării României" (A Manifest Against the Becalization of Romania), in which he argues that the "Becalization" (derived from the name of


title: Remus Cernea

texts:
 Gigi Becali, a nationalist politician who stresses his allegiance to the Romanian Orthodox Church) is threatening the values of an open society. Views
<mask> argues that in Romania there is an "unacceptable collusion between the politicians and the Church",  and that although officially there is a separation of Church and state, practically, the Romanian Orthodox Church and the state are "intimately linked". He considers himself a "freethinker", which he describes as being more encompassing than the term of "atheist", considering the term of atheist a bit too limited and wanting to retain an "area of speculation and openness". His 2009 electoral platform was based on 10 points which he details on his blog and include: supporting conciliation and dialog within the Romanian society, supporting human rights and fight against discrimination, closer ties with Romania's neighbours, supporting green technologies, sustainable development, and green agriculture, increase in funding for education and research to 10% of the Romanian GDP, freer election system that is more fair to smaller parties, full separation of church and state and a national dialog on social issues such as legalization of prostitution, the problem of drugs and the recognition of heterosexual and homosexual civil unions.Political activity
In 1997, as a protest toward the nationalism found in Romanian politics, Cernea joined the ethnic Hungarian party, the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ), despite being ethnically Romanian. <mask> announced his intention to run as a Green Party candidate in the January 17, 2010 by-election for the Romanian Chamber of Deputies seat (in the Sector 1 of Bucharest), vacated after the

masks: Cernea Cernea


title: Remus Cernea

texts:
 appointment of Bogdan Olteanu as deputy governor of the National Bank, however, the Bucharest Central Municipal Bureau rejected his candidature, because he is not a member of a parliamentary party, as the law requires in case of a by-election. The appeal of the decision and of the constitutionality of the law were rejected and <mask> announced he wants to dispute the law at the European Court of Human Rights. 2009 Presidential election

In August 2009, <mask> announced his intention of running for presidency as a candidate of the Green Party (PV). He and the Green Party gathered the needed 200,000 signatures and submitted them to Electoral Bureau on the last day before the beginning of the electoral campaign, October 23, 2008. In an interview for Evenimentul Zilei, Cernea said that he wants to offer an alternative to the mainstream politics and he tries to attract the 60-70% of the voters who are disappointed by the politicians and do not want to go to the polls. Although Cernea tried to obtain a debate, no candidate from the top three parties accepted a debate involving him.<mask>'s political campaign was especially visible on the Internet, having the most Facebook supporters of all the candidates. He says that unlike the top candidates' campaigns, his campaign was exclusively based on the enthusiasm of some young volunteers who helped him purely through pro-bono work. <mask> was the 8th out of 12 candidates, gaining 60,539 votes, or a share of 0.62%. The highest percentages were in the Bucharest sectors 3 (1.13%) and 6 (1.04%), Cluj County (0.9%) and among the voters abroad (1.0%). Member of Parliament
<mask> ran in the 2012 Romanian legislative election on the center-left Social Liberal Union

masks: Cernea Cernea Cernea Cernea Cernea


title: Remus Cernea

texts:
 (USL) ticket in a constituency in Constanța County, being one of the three candidates of the Green Party (PV) in the elections. He won the district, having 20,565 votes (57.23%). Law proposals

Church financing reform

In April 2013, <mask> announced that he is preparing a law proposal that would cut the state financing of churches from the state budget and institute a church tax similar to the one in Germany.Prime Minister Ponta announced that the USL coalition does not support his proposal and his proposal was met with opposition. Mayor of Constanța, Radu Mazăre, called him "an idiot" and said that he'll "break his legs" if Cernea comes to Constanța. Gigi Becali called him a "satanist" and argued that Cernea should be sent to an insane asylum or to prison. The Romanian Orthodox Church reacted to Cernea's proposal through a press release in which they argued that the state assumed an obligation in 1863 following the Secularization of monastery estates and that the proposal is "unrealistic and inadequate for today's Romania" and that it would create a "crisis in the relationship between the state and religious organizations". Same-sex civil unions

Also in April 2013, Cernea announced that he intends to propose the legalization of civil unions for both same-sex and opposite-sex couples. Cernea introduced a bill for same-sex civil unions, which was defeated in Parliament on 17 December 2015. Electoral history

Presidential elections

Campaigns as activist

Church in the University courtyard

In 1998, the Philosophy and Law departments of the University of Bucharest (UB) shared a building and in its courtyard, it was decided to build a church.After the place was hallowed, <mask>, who was studying


title: Remus Cernea

texts:
 philosophy at the University, together with three other students, wrote a letter of protest, organized a conference about the subject and gathered 150 signatures against the building of the church. The Association of Christian Orthodox students gathered a list of 3,000 signatures supporting the building of the church. As the scandal was booming, the rector decided to defuse it by banning any conference on the subject. The project of the building of the church was cancelled and the Orthodox icons in the University classrooms were removed. Icons in schools
According to <mask>, following the fall of Nicolae Ceauşescu, in schools, his portraits were replaced with Romanian Orthodox icons. In 2005, Emil Moise, a philosophy teacher from Buzău began a campaign against the display of religious items in schools. <mask>'s association supported his case for the removal of icons from schools, arguing that the religious symbols represent a discrimination against non-Orthodox children and an infringement against the neutrality of the state.Additionally, as 90% of the schools held religious services, Cernea argued that this practice was also illegal, as the Romanian penal code bans forcing anyone to participate to any religious ceremony. The movement against icons in schools generated a large debate in the Romanian society and media. In CNCD Decision 323/2006, the National Council for Combating Discrimination ruled that the display of religious icons was discriminatory. However, the Ministry of Education argued that it cannot remove the icons because they were not the ones who put them there in the first place and that local communities should decide whether to keep the icons or not. Romanian People Salvation


title: Remus Cernea

texts:
 detail and organized a protest in front of the headquarters of the Ministry of Education for the reintroduction of evolution in the curriculum. In a 2009 interview for Dilema Veche, Cernea says that there are not only textbooks that do not describe evolution, but there are some approved textbooks that teach creationism. He argues that the school curriculum is particularly important, since it influences the high school students' choice of university study and that this is why in Romania there's a huge number of those studying theology, with a dwindling number of students studying sciences.Other initiatives
In 2006, the association organized a concert against the new law regulating religion in Romania, which banned "religious defamation". In the concert participated Luna Amară, Vama, Sarmalele Reci among others. In May 2007, he organized a small-scale protest against president Traian Băsescu's racist and sexist affirmations, and in August 2007, the association argued against the practice at the national radio station of beginning the programme with a reading of Lord's Prayer. In August 2009, he protested against a law project made by the Romanian Government, which would have increased the number of signatures needed for running in the presidential elections to 500,000 and also required a €300,000 sum to be paid as a bail, only to be returned if the candidate gets a certain percentage. <mask> argued that this breaks the free and fair election standards found in Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters of the Council of Europe and that it would monopolize the elections to those "rich and corrupt". Prime Minister Emil Boc, however, announced that the law project would be dropped. In May 2010, <mask>

masks: Cernea Remus


title: Remus Cernea

texts:
 <mask> is taking part, along with other high-ranking members from the Green Party (PV) at the GayFest, the annual gay pride festival of Bucharest.<mask> <mask> declared that he will candidate for the forthcoming 2024 Romanian presidential election in an effort to counteract the political extremism in Romania. Books
 <mask> <mask>, Manifest împotriva becalizării României , Tritonic 2007

References

External links
  remuscernea.ro: Official site
  Romanian Humanist Association
www.humanism.ro: Solidaritatea pentru libertatea de conştiinţă
"Manifest împotriva becalizării României", at Tritonic publishing house

1974 births
Living people
Politicians from Bucharest
Romanian human rights activists
Romanian environmentalists
Romanian agnostics
Romanian secularists
Candidates for President of Romania
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
University of Bucharest

masks: Cernea Remus Cernea Remus Cernea


title: Justinus Kerner

texts:
<mask>  (18 September 1786, in Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany – 21 February 1862, in Weinsberg, Baden-Württemberg) was a German poet, practicing physician, and medical writer. He gave the first detailed description of botulism. Life
He was born at Ludwigsburg in Württemberg. After attending the classical schools of Ludwigsburg and Maulbronn, he was apprenticed in a cloth factory, but, in 1804, owing to the good services of Professor Karl Philipp Conz, was able to enter the University of Tübingen. He studied medicine but also had time for literary pursuits in the company of Ludwig Uhland, Gustav Schwab and others. He took his doctor's degree in 1808, spent some time travelling, and then settled as a practising physician in Wildbad. Here he completed his Reiseschatten von dem Schattenspieler Luchs (1811), in which his own experiences are described with caustic humour.He next collaborated with Uhland and Schwab in the Poetischer Almanach for 1812, which was followed by the Deutscher Dichterwald (1813), and in these some of <mask>'s best poems were published. In 1815 he obtained the official appointment of district medical officer (Oberamtsarzt) in Gaildorf, and in 1818 was transferred to Weinsberg, where he spent the rest of his life. His house, the site of which at the foot of the historical Schloss Weibertreu was presented to him by the townspeople, became a mecca for literary pilgrims, all of whom were made welcome. Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden came with a knapsack on his back. The poets, Christian Friedrich Alexander von Württemberg and Nikolaus Lenau were constant guests, and in 1826 Friederike Hauffe (1801–1829), the daughter of a forester in Prevorst, a somnambulist and clairvoyante, arrived; she forms

masks:
Justinus Andreas Christian Kerner
Kerner


title: Justinus Kerner

texts:
 the subject of Kerner's famous work Die Seherin von Prevorst, Eröffnungen über das innere Leben des Menschen und über das Hineinragen einer Geisterwelt in die unsere (The Seeress of Prevorst, revelations of the human inner life and about the penetrations of the spirit world into ours, 1829; 6th ed., 1892). In 1826 he published a collection of Gedichte which were later supplemented by Der letzte Blütenstrauß (1852) and Winterblüten (1859). Among others of his well-known poems are the charming ballad Der reichste Fürst; a drinking song, Wohlauf, noch getrunken, and the pensive Wanderer in der Sägemühle.In addition to his literary productions, <mask> wrote some popular medical books, dealing with animal magnetism, the first treatise on sebacic acid and botulism, Das Fettgift oder die Fettsäure und ihre Wirkung auf den tierischen Organismus (1822), and a description of Wildbad and its healing waters, Das Wildbad im Königreich Württemberg (1813). He also gave a vivid account of his youthful years in Bilderbuch aus meiner Knabenzeit (1859) and, in Die Bestürmung der württembergischen Stadt Weinsberg im Jahre 1525 (1820), showed considerable skill in historical narrative. In 1851 he was compelled, owing to increasing blindness, to retire from his medical practice, but he lived, carefully tended by his daughters, at Weinsberg until his death. He was buried beside his wife, who had died in 1854, in the graveyard of Weinsberg, and the grave is marked by a stone slab with an inscription he himself had chosen: Friederike <mask> und ihr Justinus. Association with George Rapp and the Harmony Society
In Bilderbuch aus meiner Knabenzeit, <mask> recalls George Rapp's visits to his father, the Oberamtmann at Maulbronn. <mask>'s

masks: Kerner Kerner Kerner Kerner


title: Justinus Kerner

texts:
 father had helped shield Rapp from religious prosecution by the authorities in Germany, and Kerner well remembered Rapp and his long black beard. George Rapp and his followers eventually left Germany in 1803, settled in the United States, and started the Harmony Society.Die Seherin von Prevorst and its tale about <mask>'s relationship with Friederike Hauffe — the latter reputed to have visionary and healing powers, and who had produced a strange 'inner' language containing Hebrew-like elements — made quite an impression among the members of the Harmony Society in 1829, who saw it as confirmation of the approaching millennium and of their religious views. Evaluations
 "<mask> was one of the most inspired poets of the Swabian school. His poems, which largely deal with natural phenomena, are characterized by a deep melancholy and a leaning towards the supernatural, which, however, is balanced by a quaint humour, reminiscent of the Volkslied." — 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica
 "The poems and dramatic scenes of his Reiseschatten are characterized by a dreamy fancy and a peculiar fantastic humor." — New International Encyclopedia
 "He was at times morbid, fanciful, dreamy, sensitive and poetic and endowed with a strange, fantastic humor . . ." — 1920 Encyclopedia Americana

The Saw
The Saw was translated by William Cullen Bryant and was included in Graham's Magazine in 1848. In yonder mill I rested,
And sat me down to look
Upon the wheel's quick glimmer.And on the flowing brook. As in a dream, before me,
The saw, with restless play,
Was cleaving through a fir-tree
Its long and steady way. The tree through all its fibres
With living motion stirred,
And, in a dirge-like murmur,
These solemn words I heard—

Oh, thou, who

masks: Kerner Kerner


title: Justinus Kerner

texts:
 wanderest hither,
A timely guest thou art! For thee this cruel engine
Is passing through my heart. When soon, in earth's still bosom,
Thy hours of rest begin,
This wood shall form the chamber
Whose walls shall close thee in. Four planks—I saw and shuddered—
Dropped in that busy mill;
Then, as I tried to answer,
At once the wheel was still. Cultural references
 Robert Schumann set <mask>'s poems in his Opus 35, 12 Gedichte von Justinus Kerner, composed in 1840 and dedicated to “Dr.Friedrich Weber in London.” Schumann called the set a Liederreihe, or "row of songs." The poet Thomas Medwin stayed with him during 1848 to 1849 and later wrote a poem in his honour, To <mask> Kerner: With a Painted Wreath of Bay-Leaves, published in London in 1854. The grape variety Kerner, bred in 1929, was named in his honour. Søren Kierkegaard wrote in his journal on Kerner:
 “I cannot help being amazed that <mask> <mask> (in his Dichtungen) is able to interpret so conciliatingly the phenomenon which has always shocked me since my very first experience of it — that someone says just exactly what I say. To me the phenomenon seemed to be the most confusing, almost Punch-and-Judy, disorder: the one would begin a sentence which the other would finish, and no one could be sure who was speaking.” July 11, 1837Journals 2539
 “<mask> Kerner has interested me so much just now because, although he is far more gifted, I see in him the same artistic barrenness I see in myself. But I also see how something can be done even though essential continuity is lacking and can be fulfilled only by continuity of mood, of which every single little idea is a blossom, a kind of novelistic aphorism, a plastic study. While his own Dichtungen are full of

masks: Kerner Justinus Justinus Kerner Justinus


title: Justinus Kerner

texts:
 excellent imaginative ideas, his reports aus dem Nachtgebiete der Natur are so dry that we could almost take that to be indirect proof of their truth.” July 13, 1837Journals 5240

Notes

References
Attribution
 This work in turn cites:
 Strauss, “<mask> <mask>,” in Kleine Schriften (Berlin, 1866)
 A. Reinhard, Justinus Kerner und das Kernerhaus zu Weinsberg (Tübingen, 1862; 2nd ed.1886)
 G. Rümelin, Reden und Aufsätze, vol. iii. (1894)
 M. Niethammer (Kerner's daughter), <mask> Kerners Jugendliebe und mein Vaterhaus (1877; Stuttgart, 1887)
 A. Watts, Life and Work of Kerner (London, 1884)
 T<mask>, Das Kernerhaus und seine Gäste (1894)

Further reading
 Mitteilungen des Justinus-Kerner-Vereins und Frauen-Vereins Weinsberg. Weinsberg : Justinus-Kerner-Verein
 Suevica: Beiträge zur schwäbischen Literatur- und Geistesgeschichte / ed. Reinhard Breymayer. Stuttgart: Heinz (Stuttgarter Arbeiten zur Germanistik). – ISSN 0179-2482
 <mask> <mask>, Bilderbuch aus meiner Knabenzeit (Brunswick, 1849; new ed.Frankfort, 1897)

External links

 Robert Schumann's 12 Gedichte von <mask> Kerner – free score at IMSLP Petrucci Library

 Kleksographien (1890 edition)
 "The Inner Language" of Friederike Hauffe – at Internet Archive
 The Seeress of Prevorst, transl. Catherine Crowe (Partridge & Brittan, 1855) – at Internet Archive
  "Goldy", transl. from <mask> <mask>, in Fairy Tales from All Nations, ed. Anthony R. Montalba (1849) – at Google Books as the 1850 US ed., pp. 332–37

1786 births
1862 deaths
People from Ludwigsburg
19th-century German physicians
19th-century Christian mystics
German medical writers
German poets
People from the Duchy of Württemberg
German male poets
German-language poets
German male non-fiction

masks:
Justinus
Kerner
Justinus
. Kerner
Justinus
Kerner
Justinus
Justinus
Kerner


title: Li Lin (Tang chancellor)

texts:
<mask> (李麟) (694–759), formally Duke De of Bao (褒德公), was an official of the Chinese dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Suzong — although he was commissioned by Emperor Suzong's father Emperor Xuanzong, not Emperor Suzong. Background
<mask> was born in 694, during the reign of Wu Zetian. He was a member of the imperial Li clan of Tang Dynasty — although he was distant in lineage from the imperial lineage itself. His great-great-great-grandfather <mask> (李乞豆) was a younger brother of <mask> (李虎), the grandfather of Tang's founding emperor Emperor Gaozu, who was the grandfather of Wu Zetian's husband Emperor Gaozong. <mask>'s father <mask> (李濬) served successively as the prefect of three different prefecture and was known for his honesty. <mask> died during the Kaiyuan era (713–741) of Emperor Gaozong's and Wu Zetian's grandson Emperor Xuanzong while serving as the military governor (jiedushi) of Jiannan Circuit (劍南, headquartered in modern Chengdu, Sichuan). Before serving as chancellor
<mask> himself was well-studied and capable in literary matters.On the account of his father's official service, he was able to enter civil service and eventually served as a census officer for the capital municipality, Jingzhao (京兆, roughly modern Xi'an, Shaanxi), which included the capital Chang'an. In 734, Emperor Xuanzong made an attempt to find imperial clan members with special talents, and <mask>, one of the imperial clan members selected, was made Dianzhong Shiyushi (殿中侍御史) — a low-level imperial censor — and he subsequently served as a

masks:
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li Qidou
Li Hu
Li Lin
Li Jun
Li Jun
Li Lin
Li Lin


title: Li Lin (Tang chancellor)

texts: junior officer at the ministries of census (戶部, Hu Bu) and civil service affairs (吏部, <mask> Bu). In 742, he became Jianyi Daifu (諫議大夫), one of the officials in charge of submitting proposals of corrections to the emperor. In 746, he served a tour of duty to survey the circuits to the west — Hexi (河西, headquartered in modern Wuwei, Gansu), Longyou (隴右, headquartered in modern Haidong Prefecture, Qinghai), and Anxi (安西, headquartered in modern Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang) – to evaluate the performance of the officials. His tour was considered a success, and he was made an imperial attendant (給事中, Jishizhong). In 748, he became Bingbu Shilang (兵部侍郎) – an assistant minister of defense — serving with Yang Guozhong. At that time, though, Yang was already very powerful due to his personal association with Emperor Xuanzong, as cousin to Emperor Xuanzong's favorite concubine Consort Yang Yuhuan, and Yang Guozhong did not wish to share authority with <mask>, and therefore had the chancellors, while allowing <mask> to keep the title of assistant minister of defense, be made in charge of the imperial examinations instead.Soon, however, Yang Guozhong was moved to another position, and <mask> resumed his office as assistant minister of defense. In 752, he was given the honorific title of Yinqing Guanglu Daifu (銀青光祿大夫) and made the principal of the imperial university (國子祭酒, Guozi Jijiu). In 755, while he retained those titles, he was made the governor of Hedong Commandery (河東, roughly modern Yuncheng, Shanxi) and the surveyor of Hedong Circuit (河東 as well, but referred

masks:
Li
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li Lin


title: Li Lin (Tang chancellor)

texts:
 to the entire circuit, headquartered in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi). He was said to have governed simply and honestly, and was praised by both the people and subordinates. In winter 755, however, the general An Lushan rebelled at Fanyang Circuit (范陽, headquartered in modern Beijing). As <mask> was a civilian official not learned in military matters, the imperial government was concerned that he would not know how to defend the commandery. <mask> was therefore recalled to Chang'an and replaced with the general Lü Chongbi (呂崇賁).<mask> was also created the Baron of Weiyuan. In summer 756, when Emperor Xuanzong was forced to flee Chang'an in light of An's troops approaching Chang'an, <mask> escaped Chang'an as well and caught up with Emperor Xuanzong's train, attending Emperor Xuanzong on his way to Chengdu. Emperor Xuanzong's son and crown prince <mask>ng, however, did not follow Emperor Xuanzong to Chengdu, but instead went to Lingwu, where he was declared emperor (as Emperor Suzong), a declaration that Emperor Xuanzong recognized after the news reached him. Emperor Xuanzong, now using the title Taishang Huang (retired emperor), however, did not stop exercising imperial authority, and when he arrived at Chengdu, he initially made <mask> deputy minister of census (戶部侍郎, Hubu Shilang) and Shangshu Zuo Cheng (尚書左丞), one of the secretaries general of the executive bureau of government (尚書省, Shangshu Sheng). He soon made <mask> the minister of justice (憲部尚書, Xianbu Shangshu). As chancellor and death
In spring 757, Emperor Xuanzong gave <mask> the designation Tong

masks:
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li He
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li Lin


title: Li Lin (Tang chancellor)

texts:
 Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (同中書門下平章事), making him a chancellor de facto. At that time, Emperor Xuanzong had already sent several other chancellors that he had commissioned during his journey to Chengdu and during the duration he was at Chengdu — Wei Jiansu, Fang Guan, Cui Huan, and Cui Yuan — to Emperor Suzong's court, but kept <mask> with him on account of the fact that <mask> was an imperial clan member.<mask> oversaw all of the affairs of Emperor Xuanzong's court in Chengdu. In winter 757, after Emperor Suzong recaptured Chang'an and welcomed Emperor Xuanzong back to Chang'an, for <mask>'s accomplishments, he was given the honorific title Jinzi Guanglu Daifu (金紫光祿大夫). He continued to be the minister of justice, now under the title Xingbu Shangshu (刑部尚書). His chancellor de facto designation was promoted to Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin (同中書門下三品), a more honorific designation, and he was created the Duke of Bao. At that time, the most powerful figures at Emperor Suzong's court were his wife Empress Zhang and the eunuch <mask>o. <mask>'s chancellor colleagues Miao Jinqing and Cui Yuan both carefully followed Empress Zhang's and <mask>o's wishes, but <mask> refused to do so. This displeased <mask>o and, in 758, at his instigation, <mask> was removed from his chancellor office and made Taizi Shaofu (太子少傅), an advisor to the crown prince <mask>.He died in fall 759 and was buried with honors. Notes

References
 Old Book of Tang, vol. 112. New Book of Tang, vol. 142. Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 219, 220.694 births
759 deaths
Chancellors under Emperor Suzong of

masks:
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li Lin
Li Fugu
Li Lin
Li Fugu
Li Lin
Li Fugu
Li Lin
Li Chu


title: Walid bin Attash

texts:
<mask> bin <mask> (; born 1978) is a Yemeni prisoner held in extrajudicial detention at the United States' Guantanamo Bay detention camp. The Office of the Director of National Intelligence described him as a "scion of a terrorist family". American prosecutors at the Guantanamo military commissions allege that he helped in the preparation of the 1998 East Africa Embassy bombings and the USS Cole bombing and acted as a bodyguard to <mask>, gaining himself the reputation of an "errand boy". He is formally charged with selecting and helping to train several of the hijackers of the September 11 attacks. Attash was given victim status in Poland for his alleged torture by Americans in a CIA black site on Polish soil. Life
Hailing from a prominent Saudi family on friendly terms with <mask>, Attash had several brothers fighting during the tumultuous 1990s in Afghanistan. His family was deported from Yemen based on his father's radical views, and he grew up in Saudi Arabia.He studied at the University of Islamic Studies in Karachi, Pakistan. Attash lost his right leg in 1997 while fighting against the Northern Alliance and wore a metal prosthesis in its place, leading to the nickname "Father of the Leg". His brother was killed in the same battle, and his death led Attash to join al-Qaeda. He was asked to help obtain explosives to target the USS The Sullivans in 1999, as part of the intended 2000 millennium attack plots. In late 1999, while using the nom de guerre Khallad, Attash phoned Khalid al-Mihdhar, informing him of the upcoming Kuala Lumpur al-Qaeda Summit. In January 2000, Attash flew to Malaysia, ostensibly to receive a new prosthetic leg, and attended the summit. On January 8, Malaysian Special Branch informed the CIA that Attash had flown to Bangkok together with al-Mihdhar and Nawaf

masks:
Walid Muhammad Salih
Mubarak bin Attash
Osama bin Laden
Osama bin Laden


title: Walid bin Attash

texts:
 al-Hazmi.While there, the FBI received a transcript of a phone call from Fahd al-Quso and one of the  bombers, which mentioned giving Attash $5,000 to purchase a new prosthesis. During later interrogation, al-Quso confessed that he was handing over $36,000, and that it wasn't actually meant to purchase a prosthesis. In October 2000, Attash was identified as the mastermind behind the USS Cole bombing which took place in Aden, Yemen. On September 11, 2002, his 17-year-old brother <mask> <mask> was taken prisoner by Pakistani forces raiding the Tariq Road House, handed over to the Americans and sent to The Dark Prison. Capture, <mask> was captured together with Ali Abdul Aziz Ali in Karachi, on April 29, 2003. He was sent to The Dark Prison, and his brother was moved to Guantanamo Bay detention camps in 2003 or 2004. While there, he was interrogated under harsh circumstances and confessed that Abderraouf Jdey had been known to him.Despite having only one leg, he was forced to stand in stress positions, "an acutely difficult technique for him" as the Americans took away his false leg, forcing him to balance awkwardly on one foot until losing his balance and ripping at the tendons in his arms. He was transferred to Guantanamo on September 6, 2006, together with 13 other "high-level detainees" the CIA had been holding in secret detention. Combatant Status Review Tribunal

Having been brought to Guantanamo from black sites, the new prisoners were accorded a new series of Combatant Status Review Tribunals, to determine whether the captives met the new definition of an "enemy combatant". They had been instituted in 2004 to mitigate the Supreme Court's findings that the holding of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay was unconstitutional. A Summary of Evidence memo was prepared for the tribunal, listing

masks:
Hassan bin
Attash
tribunal Attash


title: Walid bin Attash

texts: the alleged facts that led to his detainment. These included that Mohammad Rashed Daoud al-Owhali had stated that Attash had told him to prepare for a suicide carbombing against East African embassies of the United States a month or two before the attacks occurred. The memo alleged that Attash had trained in close-combat in the Lowgar training camp and seen Osama <mask> give a speech to graduates of the camp.The memo also alleged that Attash used a Yemeni merchant's registration card that had been forged by "a suspect of the USS Cole bombing". An unnamed participant in the Cole bombing also confessed to being given a letter written by Attash which asked for his assistance with the bombing, and was the only reason he aided the bombers. It also said  that authorities knew of an al-Qaeda cell dubbed "Father of the Leg" that revolved around a senior member, and believed this was a reference to <mask> due to his missing limb. It also stated that a contact stored in the phone belonging to Attash was also listed as a contact  in a notebook belonging to "a senior al Qaida operative", and that his University ID card had been found "at an alleged al Qaida residence" in Karachi. He was also "implicated" by a notebook found during a raid, which listed payments made to various al-Qaeda members. An unnamed source also claimed to have seen him at al Farouq training camp. <mask> attended his Tribunal.A week after the March 12, 2007, tribunal, <mask> was reported to have confessed to his role in preparing both the Cole and Embassy attacks. He confessed purchasing the explosives and small boat used in the Cole bombing, as well as recruiting the perpetrators, and planning the operation 18 months before the actual attack; he stated that he was in Kandahar, Afghanistan with <mask> at the time of the Cole

masks:
bin Laden
Attash
Bin Attash
Attash
bin Laden


title: Walid bin Attash

texts:
 attack, and in Karachi at the time of the simultaneous embassy bombings meeting with the mastermind of the attack. The DoD was later to publish a ten-page transcript from the unclassified portion of the Tribunal. His Personal Representative met with him on February 13, and told the tribunal that Attash confirmed that many of the allegations were basically correct, but that he had never owned a telephone and that he had forged the Yemeni registration card himself. Faces charges before military commission

<mask>, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, Ammar al Baluchi chose to serve as their own attorney. They requested laptops, and internet access, in order to prepare their defenses. In October 2008, Ralph Kohlmann ruled that they be provided with the computers, but not the internet access.On December 8, 2008, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed told the judge that he and the other four indictees wished to confess and plead guilty; however, the plea would be delayed until after mental competency hearings for Hawsawi and <mask>-Shibh. Mohammed said, "We want everyone to plead together." On May 17, 2010, Saba News reported that <mask> bin Attash, and four other Yemenis would face charges in the summer of 2010. Two of the other Yemenis Saba News reported would face charges were: Ramzi <mask>-Shibh and Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri. References

External links
 New Evidence About Prisoners Held in Secret CIA Prisons in Poland and Romania Andy Worthington

Saudi Arabian al-Qaeda members
Saudi Arabian amputees
Living people
Saudi Arabian extrajudicial prisoners of the United States
People associated with the September 11 attacks
Detainees of the Guantanamo Bay detention camp
Place of birth missing (living people)
People subject to extraordinary rendition by the United States
Saudi Arabian expatriates in Pakistan
1978

masks:
Bin Attash
bin al
Walid
bin al


title: Glenn Lord

texts:
<mask> (November 17, 1931 – December 31, 2011) was an American literary agent, editor, and publisher of the prose and poetry of fellow Texan Robert E. Howard (1906–1936), and the first and most important researcher and scholar of Howard's life and writings. Background and discovery
<mask> was born November 17, 1931, in Pelican, De Soto Parish, Louisiana. A Korean War veteran and a paper warehouse manager by trade, he discovered Howard through Skull-Face and Others (1946) around 1951. He sought out earlier publications with Howard's work, most notably the pulp magazines of the 1920s and 1930s. Starting in 1956, he scoured the country for all Howard stories, poems, and letters. Over the course of his life he amassed the world's largest collection of such publications and original manuscripts (actually typescripts). Literary agent
<mask> became literary agent for the Howard heirs around March 1965 and served as such for 28 and a half years.In 1965, he tracked down the contents of Robert E. Howard's famous storage trunk, which were then owned by pulp writer and Howard friend E. Hoffmann "Ed" Price. The contents consisted of tens of thousands of pages typed by Howard, including hundreds of unpublished stories, poems, and fragments. Using the contents of the trunk as well as his vast collection of previously published REH materials, <mask> provided the source text for almost every published Howard work appearing in books, magazines, or chapbooks from 1965 through 1997, including collections of Howard letters  <mask> also provided introductions, afterwords, or commentary for dozens of Howard books. Tirelessly promoting Howard's stories, <mask> secured their publication in any promising venue, leading directly to the Howard Boom of the 1970s. In many cases,

masks:
Glenn Lord
Lord
Lord
Lord
Lord
Lord


title: Glenn Lord

texts: he was also the uncredited editor of the published version of the Howard works. He also supplied texts to amateur publications and to literally hundreds of books and magazines in non-English languages, including Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, and Yugoslavian. In the fall of 1977, he arranged with Berkley Medallion to put out three Conan paper- and hardbacks of Conan stories edited by Karl Edward Wagner, the first Conan series without any posthumous revisions and pastiches, which previous collections had in excess.<mask> published a few REH collections on his own, such as the periodical The Howard Collector #1–18 and the chapbook Etchings in Ivory. In The Howard Collector, from 1961 to 1973, <mask> featured previously unpublished (or very rare) pieces by Howard, letters by REH and those who knew him, indices of poems and stories, reprints of articles related to Howard, and news about upcoming publications and other events. Thereafter, he published similar material in fanzines of the Robert E. Howard United Press Association, the Hyperborian League, and the Esoteric Order of Dagon (an amateur press association primarily concerned with the writings of H. P. Lovecraft). An early admirer of Howard's poetry, <mask> published the first Howard poetry collection Always Comes Evening (1957) through famed Arkham House, subsidizing the costs of the printing himself. Later, he was instrumental in the publication of the Howard verse collections Etchings in Ivory (1968), Singers in the Shadows (1970), Echoes from an Iron Harp (1972), The Road to Rome (1972), Verses in Ebony (1975), Night Images (1976),

masks: Lord Lord Lord


title: Glenn Lord

texts:
 Shadows of Dreams (1989), and A Rhyme of Salem Town and Other Poems (2007). He published the first comprehensive bibliography of Howard, complete through 1973, in his The Last Celt: A Bio–Bibliography of Robert Ervin Howard (1976), a bible for REH scholars and collectors. The book also contains biographical and autobiographical material about Howard, as well as letters, story synopses and fragments, ephemera, covers illustrating REH stories, and photographs.<mask> wrote many articles on Howard (e.g. in The Dark Barbarian). <mask> contributed much information to the latest bibliography, The Neverending Hunt (2006, 2008), by Paul Herman and the online bibliography Howardworks. When Conan Properties was incorporated in 1978 to establish a single entity to deal with Hollywood in negotiations that led to the two Conan movies, <mask> served as a corporate director. Legacy, honors and personal life
<mask> befriended, assisted, advised, and mentored two generations of Howard fans, scholars, and editors, providing copies of his typescripts, letters, and vast knowledge to many of them. For his dedication, achievements, and scholarship, <mask> received the World Fantasy Convention Award in 1978 and the Lifetime Achievement Award of the fan magazine The Cimmerian, in 2005. The next year, he was Guest of Honor at the Centennial Robert E. Howard Days festival in Howard's hometown of Cross Plains, Texas, and in 2007 was Guest of Honor at PulpCon 36 in Dayton, Ohio.He served as Director Emeritus of the Robert E. Howard Foundation and lived with his wife in Pasadena, Texas, where he died on December 31, 2011. They had a son and a daughter. References

1931 births
2011 deaths
Robert E. Howard
American literary critics
American book editors
American male non-fiction

masks: Lord Lord Lord Lord Lord


title: Giourkas Seitaridis

texts:
Georgios "<mask>" <mask>  ( ; born 4 June 1981) is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a right-back and occasionally as a centre-back. He has last played in 2013 for Greek Superleague side Panathinaikos, having played previously at PAS Giannina, Porto, Dynamo Moscow and Atlético Madrid. He is a former member of the Greece national football team, for which he made a total of 72 international appearances, scoring one goal. He was part of their team which won Euro 2004, for which he was voted into the Team of the Tournament. "Giourkas" means "Giorgos" in the Pontic Greek dialect and is his grandfather's name. Both his grandfather and father, <mask>, were footballers and eventually managers. Club career

PAS Giannina
Of Pontic Greek heritage, <mask> started his professional career with northern Greek side PAS Giannina, nicknamed Ajax of Epirus, in 1997, becoming an important right full-back for the club.Seitaridis helped the team towards the promotion of the Super League 2 in the 1999–2000 at the Greek Superleague. He made a total of 40 league appearances with PAS Giannina, scoring 5 goals. Panathinaikos
He was soon spotted by Athens-based club Panathinaikos, and on 12 January 2001 he signed a 5-year contract with them for a total fee of 300 million drachmas. He quickly established himself as a regular player for the team and at the age of 22 he won his first silverware by helping Panathinaikos do the double at the 2003–04 season, winning the 2003–04 Alpha Ethniki and the Greek Cup against rivals Olympiacos. He scored his first European goal against Manchester United on 7 March 2001, in a game for the second group stage of the 2000–01 UEFA Champions League. In September of the same year, he was named Greek Young Footballer of 2001, along with Pantelis Kafes and Angelos Charisteas. Porto
On 11 June 2004, a day before the eventually successful UEFA Euro 2004 campaign for Greece, it was rumored

masks:
Giourkas
Seitaridis
Dimitris Seitaridis
Seitaridis


title: Giourkas Seitaridis

texts:
 that <mask>, Costinha, Maniche and Thiago Silva, who also moved to the Russian club the same year. Soon however, <mask> began to show his discomfort at the club, failing to settle in Moscow, and claimed the reasons he wanted to leave was that the weather was different from his native Greece and that he could not adapt to the cold. In his one-year spell at the club, he only managed to make 8 league appearances before deciding to leave. Atlético Madrid
On 16 June 2006 he was transferred to Atlético Madrid for a fee of €12 million, being the second Greek footballer to play for Atlético after striker Demis Nikolaidis.The latter was the one who convinced him to join the club, together with his ex-Dynamo teammate Costinha who joined Atlético  the same year. <mask> was sent off in the first half of his debut game, in the La Liga opening match away to Racing Santander on 27 August 2006. On 15 October 2006, he received his second red card only six games into the season, as he was cautioned twice in a home league game against Recreativo Huelva. He scored his first goal for Atlético the following year, on 21 July 2007, in a game against Gloria Bistriţa for the Intertoto Cup. In November 2007, Seitaridis damaged his achilles tendon in a match against UD Almería, which meant he needed to undergo surgery. His period of absence was initially evaluated at about six weeks, but he was ready two and a half months later, in April 2008. Due to his injury problem, he only managed to make 14 league appearances for Atlético in the 2007–08 season.The 2008–09 season did not start well for Seitaridis, as he lost his place in the first team to new signings Tomáš Ujfaluši and John Heitinga, and his heavy contract meant that Atlético was looking to sell him. Despite that, Seitaridis was a starter in Atlético's opening game, in a 4–0 victory over Málaga CF, and went on to make 14 league appearances that season. On 29 April 2009 however,

masks: Seitaridislei Seitaridis Seitaridis


title: Giourkas Seitaridis

texts:
 him and teammate Maniche were suspended by Atlético's president Enrique Cerezo because they failed to appear in an Atlético home match against Sporting Gijón despite not being included in the 18-man squad. Two weeks later on 13 May 2009, it was announced that Seitaridis was released by Atlético a year before his contract was to expire, with a statement on the club's official website reading "Seitaridis is therefore free to negotiate with other clubs who may be interested in signing him". Return to Panathinaikos
On 10 September 2009, the last day of the Greek transfer period for free agent players, Seitaridis signed a 4-year deal with Panathinaikos, returning to the team after five years. It soon became apparent that <mask> was unfit and was struggling to re-establish himself due to frequent injuries, missing most of the 2009–10 season's matches. However, on 21 March 2010, he surprisingly returned to the line-up for the big derby against rivals Olympiacos, and despite their defeat, Panathinaikos managed to end the season positively by winning the double.<mask> himself didn't appear at the 2009–10 Greek Cup final against Aris Thessaloniki due to injury, but made 2 appearances on the road to the final. The 2010–11 season started well for Seitaridis, being a starter at Panathinaikos' opening league fixture against Skoda Xanthi on 27 August 2010 and giving a good performance. However, another muscle injury meant that <mask> would return at a league game against Panserraikos two months later, on 4 December. Due to the player's poor condition he was placed on the transfer list in January 2011, but despite various offers from foreign teams during the summer transfer period, he stayed at Panathinaikos. The 2011–12 season was even more disappointing for him, as he was only used for 45 minutes in an away game against Atromitos, where he was substituted at half-time due to poor performance. He played for a second time

masks: Giourkas Seitaridis Seitaridis


title: Giourkas Seitaridis

texts:
 in an away game against Asteras Tripoli, staying on the pitch a full 90 minutes. The 2012–13 season started well for Seitaridis, playing as a starter in the first three league matches at the beginning of the season.He also contributed with one assist in Panathinaikos' 2012–13 UEFA Europa League group stage match against Tottenham Hotspur, which ended 1–1. At the summer of 2013 he didn't renew his contract and left the club. International career

Youth career
<mask> is a former Greece under-21 international, making his debut on 6 October 2000, in a 2002 UEFA Under-21 Championship qualifier against Finland under-21. He participated at the finals of the 2002 UEFA Under-21 Championship in Switzerland, where his team was eliminated from the group stage, having collected one point in three games. First steps & UEFA Euro 2004
Seitaridis made his international debut with the senior team on 13 February 2002, in an international friendly match against Sweden. He helped Greece qualify to the UEFA Euro 2004 in Portugal for the second time in history, and was also one of the key players during Greece's successful campaign, a win that shocked the footballing world as Greece were considered outsiders before the tournament started. <mask> won a penalty at the first match against Portugal as he was knocked down by Cristiano Ronaldo.In the final, he also won the important corner by playing the ball in the center which was blocked from Cristiano Ronaldo. Overall his contributions for the victorious team were recognised by naming him as part of the 23-man UEFA 2004 All-Star squad, together with fellow Greek players Antonis Nikopolidis, Traianos Dellas, Theodoros Zagorakis and Angelos Charisteas. FIFA Confederations Cup 2005
As a result of Greece's Euro 2004 win, they qualified to the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup in Germany as European champions. <mask> <mask> was a member of the 23-man squad. UEFA Euro 2008 & 2010 FIFA World

masks: Seitaridis Seitaridis Giourkas Seitaridis


title: Giourkas Seitaridis

texts:
 Cup
He scored his first international goal on 2 June 2007 against Hungary in a Euro 2008 qualifying match, helping the Greek national team to qualify to the UEFA Euro 2008 championship. He played twice in the disappointing Euro 2008 campaign for Greece, having been injured during the second game against Russia. Despite concerns about his fitness, Greece national manager Otto Rehhagel called Seitaridis in his 23-man squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.He only played for 90 minutes in the first game of the group stage against South Korea, losing 2–0. After this game, Seitaridis played two consecutive European and a World Cup with Greece national football team. Career statistics

Club

International goal
Score and result list Greece's goal tally first, score column indicates score after <mask> goal. Honours
PAS Giannina
 Super League 2: 1999–2000

Panathinaikos
 Superleague Greece:2003–04, 2009–10
  Greek Cup: 2003–04, 2009–10

Porto
 Portuguese Super Cup: 2004
 Intercontinental Cup: 2004
 UEFA Super Cup Runner-up: 2004

Greece
European Championship: 2004

Individual
Greek Young Footballer of the year: 2001
 UEFA European Championship Team of the Tournament: 2004

References

External links

 FootballDatabase.com statistics for Giourkas Seitaridis

1981 births
Living people
Greek footballers
Greece international footballers
Greece under-21 international footballers
PAS Giannina F.C. players
Panathinaikos F.C. players
FC Porto players
FC Dynamo Moscow players
La Liga players
Atlético Madrid footballers
UEFA Euro 2004 players
2005 FIFA Confederations Cup players
UEFA Euro 2008 players
UEFA European Championship-winning players
Primeira Liga players
Russian Premier League players
Sportspeople from Piraeus
Super League Greece players
Football League (Greece) players
2010 FIFA World Cup players
Greek expatriates in Portugal
Greek expatriates in Spain
Greek expatriates in Russia
Association football defenders
Pontic


title: Rainstone

texts:
Rhee Woo Seok (), also credited as <mask>, is a South Korean music producer, songwriter, and vice-president of JYP Entertainment in the United States. He is best known for composing and producing the Wonder Girls' 2009 international hit song, "Nobody." Biography
From an early age, Woo S. Rhee/RAINSTONE had an ear for music as well as hitting number one. He was classically trained in piano, violin, and viola and in high school, he expanded his wings and started a Rock Band called "Feel." In 1993, as a junior in High School, Woo S. Rhee/RAINSTONE and his band mates entered a college only rock festival, Korean Rock Group Festival and won first place. Although, there were many issues regarding their win because of their age, Woo S. Rhee/RAINSTONE and his band proved that talent is more important than experience. But as Woo S. Rhee/RAINSTONE started to mature as a musician, he started to embrace Jazz and began taking private classes behind his band mates.This opened his eyes and ears to a new world of music as well as coming across Stevie Wonder and discovering urban music. He realized with his new burning passion, Korea was very limited and decided to study in America. In 1999, he received his Bachelor's from Berklee College of Music majoring in Professional Music, concentrating on composition and arrangements. After his undergrad, he received his Masters in Media writing and Production from University of Miami in 2003. Music career
Upon completion of his master's degree in music engineering in 2003, Woo S. Rhee/RAINSTONE took his talents to New York City, where he met international music producer extraordinaire


title: Tom Regan

texts:
<mask> (; November 28, 1938 – February 17, 2017) was an American philosopher who specialized in animal rights theory. He was professor emeritus of philosophy at North Carolina State University, where he had taught from 1967 until his retirement in 2001. <mask> was the author of numerous books on the philosophy of animal rights, including The Case for Animal Rights (1983), one of a handful of studies that have significantly influenced the modern animal rights movement. In these, he argued that non-human animals are what he called the "subjects-of-a-life", just as humans are, and that, if we want to ascribe value to all human beings regardless of their ability to be rational agents, then to be consistent, we must similarly ascribe it to non-humans. From 1985, he served with his wife Nancy as co-founder and co-president of the Culture and Animals Foundation, a nonprofit organization "committed to fostering the growth of intellectual and artistic endeavors united by a positive concern for animals." The Vegan Society remembers him as "a stalwart vegan and activist." Education and career
<mask> graduated from Thiel College in 1960, receiving his M.A.in 1962 and his PhD in 1966 from the University of Virginia. He taught philosophy at North Carolina State University from 1967 until 2001. <mask> directed the 1986 film We Are All Noah which is available on VHS videotape. Animal rights

In The Case for Animal Rights, <mask> argued that non-human animals bear moral rights. His philosophy aligns broadly within the tradition of Immanuel Kant, though he rejects Kant's idea that respect is due only to rational beings. <mask> points out that we routinely ascribe inherent value, and thus the right to be treated with respect, to humans who are not rational, including infants and the severely mentally impaired. The crucial attribute that all humans have in common, he argues, is not rationality, but the fact that each of us

masks:
Tom Regan
Regan
Regan
Regan
Regan
Regan


title: Tom Regan

texts: has a life that matters to us; in other words, what happens to us matters to us, regardless of whether it matters to anyone else.In <mask>'s terminology, we each experience being the "subject-of-a-life." If this is the true basis for ascribing inherent value to individuals, to be consistent we must ascribe inherent value, and hence moral rights, to all subjects-of-a-life, whether human or non-human. The basic right that all who possess inherent value have, he argues, is the right never to be treated merely as a means to the ends of others. In <mask>'s view, not to be used as a means entails the right to be treated with respect, which includes the right not to be harmed. This right, however, is not absolute, as, there are times when to respect someone' s right not to be harmed, another' s right not to be harmed must be overridden. His philosophy employs principles such as the miniride principle (a.k.a. minimize overriding) and the worse-off principle to deal with these situations.The miniride principle is that when faced with overriding the rights of many innocent beings versus the rights of few innocent beings—when each individual involved would be equally harmed—we should override the rights of the few. The worse-off principle states that, when individuals involved are not harmed in a comparable way given a certain course of action, we should mitigate the situation of those who would be worse-off. Thus, if the harm of a few innocent beings is greater than the harm to many innocent beings, the right action is to override the rights of the many. As this relates to animal rights, <mask> asserts the harm in the death of an animal is not tantamount to the harm in the death of a normal, healthy human. This is supposedly because the ending of an animal life entails the loss of fewer opportunities when compared to the loss of a normal, healthy human. According to <mask>, there would be more harm in the death

masks: Regan Regan Regan Regan


title: Tom Regan

texts:
 of a normal, healthy dog than there would be in the death of a person who was irreversibly comatose, as the dog would have more opportunities for satisfaction than the irreversibly comatose human. Supporters argue that <mask>'s argument for animal rights does not rely on a radical new theory of ethics, but that it follows from a consistent application of moral principles and insights that many of us already hold with respect to the ethical treatment of human beings.However, others criticize the lack of certainty with which <mask>'s "inherent value" or "subject-of-a-life" status can be determined, and note that the sufficient conditions he lists—for example, having sense-perceptions, beliefs, desires, motives, and memory—in effect reduce to "similarity to humans". According to <mask>, it follows from the ascription to animals of the basic right to be treated with respect that we should abolish the breeding of animals for food, animal experimentation, and commercial hunting. Starting as a leather-wearing, circus-visiting meat eater, a series of musings, experiences, and insights led him to conclude he was morally unable to use animals for meat, clothing, or any other purpose that does not respect their rights. G. E. Moore scholarship

In the 1980s, <mask> published three books on G. E. Moore's philosophy. The first book, G. E. Moore: The Early Essays, is a collection of essays that were originally published between 1897 and 1903, none of which Moore himself anthologized. <mask> argues that these papers reveal Moore' s early taste for speculative metaphysics; in "The Nature of Judgment", for example, Moore maintains that "the world consists of concepts", including existence, "which is itself a concept . . .Thus, all that exists . . . is composed of concepts necessarily related to one another in specific manners, and likewise to the concept of existence." In another paper, "Freedom", Moore enthusiastically

masks: Regan Regan Regan Regan Regan


title: Tom Regan

texts: affirms his agreement with F. H. Bradley, writing: "I can only say that the arguments by which Mr. Bradley has endeavoured to prove the unreality of Time appear to me perfectly conclusive." <mask>' s second book, The Elements of Ethics, is a series of ten lectures Moore delivered in 1898. Large parts of these lectures were carried over by Moore into Principia Ethica and, <mask> maintains, these lectures cast important light on Principia' s pages. <mask>' s third book, Bloomsbury' s Prophet: G. E. Moore and the Development of His Moral Philosophy, represents <mask>' s major contribution to Moorean scholarship. Representative reviews include E. D. Klemke writing that Bloomsbury' s Prophet is "a marvelous book", while Aurum Stroll writes "[t]he portrait of the man Moore that <mask> gives us is not only unique .. . but it is well done, indeed." In this book, <mask> relies on a trove of unpublished material, housed in the Moore Archive at the University of Cambridge, including Moore' s two dissertations, on Kant' s moral philosophy; correspondence, consisting of letters that Moore wrote as well those he received; scores of papers he read at meetings of the Cambridge Conversazione Society, also known as the Apostles, and at the Sunday Essay Society; and a diary Moore kept throughout his formative years, breaking off on April 19, 1916. Using these materials, <mask> argues that Principias primary purpose was (as Moore wrote) to "humble the Science of Ethics" by exposing the "lies" told by "would-be scientific ethicists" ("Art, Morals, and Religion": May 5, 1901). In Moore' s view, a truly scientific ethic is able to prove very little concerning values, rules, duty, and virtues. Regarding values: such an ethic cannot establish anything concerning what has intrinsic value—what is good in itself. That must be left to the judgment of individuals who, taking due precautions, ask themselves what things would be good

masks: Regan Regan Regan Regan Regan Regan Regan