title: George L. Sheldon

texts:
<mask> (May 31, 1870 – April 4, 1960) was an American politician and 14th governor of Nebraska with service from 1907 until 1909. He was the first native of his state to become its governor. He was a Republican from the progressive wing of that party, which was identified nationally with Theodore Roosevelt of New York. Early life

Born in Nehawka in Cass County in southeastern Nebraska, <mask> received a bachelor's degree in 1892 from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. As a cadet at Nebraska he commanded Company A of the University's Military Department headed by Lieutenant John J. Pershing. He led Company A to win the Maiden Prize of $1,500 at the National Competitive Drills in Omaha on June 13, 1892. <mask> was also a founding member of the Varsity Rifles, which became Pershing Rifles.He then attended Harvard University for one year, receiving a second bachelor's degree cum laude in 1893. He married Rose Higgins in 1895, and they had four children. Career
During the Spanish–American War, <mask> served as a captain in the 3rd Nebraska Volunteer Infantry, commanded by Colonel William Jennings Bryan of Nebraska, who had just lost to William McKinley of Ohio in the race for president two years before. En route to Cuba, the regiment traveled through Mississippi, and <mask> liked what he saw there. After the war, <mask> returned to Nebraska. In 1902, he purchased a plantation of 1,700 acres near Greenville, Mississippi. That same year, at the age of 32, he successfully ran for state senate in Nebraska, and was re-elected in 1904.The railroads had been central to the creation of Nebraska territory through the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, but public perception among white Nebraskans had changed. When the Union Pacific and Burlington railroads were

masks:
George Lawson Sheldon
Sheldon
Sheldon
Sheldon
Sheldon
Sheldon


title: George L. Sheldon

type: original

texts: "opening up" the land to settlement (and the dispossession of the Native American inhabitants), towns were eager to court the railroads. However, anger at apparent railroad domination of Nebraska politics had been growing for decades. On June 16, 1906, <mask> and fellow progressive Norris Brown, who was then attorney general, announced that they were seeking the Republican nominations for governor and U.S. Senator, respectively. <mask> was on record as favoring regulation of the railroads, having said, "You can trust the representatives of the people to deal fairly with the railroads, but you cannot trust the railroads to deal fairly with the people." <mask> defeated the Democratic nominee, Ashton C. Shallenberger, who was viewed as "being under railroad influence," 97,858 (53.5 percent) to 84,885 (46.5 percent).<mask> became the first Nebraska governor born in the state and one of its youngest ever. With huge majorities in both chambers of the legislature (Nebraska's legislature would not become unicameral for another twenty years), <mask> moved quickly to redeem his campaign promises. Accordingly, the 1907 legislative session has been characterized by historians James C. Olson and Ronald C. Naugle as creating "more important and more permanent changes in the political structure of the state than those of any other." These included prohibitions on the free train passes that railroads had previously distributed generously to influence politicians, a restriction on train passenger fares to no more than two cents, and the establishment of a state railway commission. That year <mask> also signed a child labor law, an anti-discrimination law, a law forbidding brewers from owning any part of a saloon, and legislation creating a state board of pardons

masks: Sheldon Sheldon Sheldon Sheldon Sheldon Sheldon


title: George L. Sheldon

texts:
 and a bureau charged with investigating agricultural pests and plant diseases. The 1907 legislature also enacted a statewide direct primary law, but that would continue to be a hot political issue for many years and be frequently revised. <mask> ran into two political hurdles to his re-election.First, bank deposits had seemed especially at risk during the financial panic of 1907, when many banks failed. However, although <mask> personally favored a state law guaranteeing bank deposits similar to the one in Oklahoma territory, the Republican convention overwhelmingly voted it down. Second, he fought hard for an option for individual counties to prohibit liquor, losing many "wet" votes that he might otherwise have picked up. Ashton Shallenberger secured the Democratic nomination, and campaigned hard for a state bank guarantee law. He skillfully allowed "dries" think he was for prohibition and "wets" to think he was against it. Shallenberger decisively beat <mask>, 132,960 to 125,976, and the Democrats gained majority control of both houses of the legislature. Mississippi
After his defeat, <mask> moved to his plantation in Mississippi, and became active in state politics there.He was elected to the Mississippi House of Representatives. While <mask> was publicly a staunch Republican, he was elected in the 1918 Democratic primary. He registered as a Republican while in the Mississippi House of Representatives. He retired after a single term due to financial conditions on his plantation. In 1927, he organized the moribund state Republican Party. After the election, Herbert Hoover appointed <mask> the Mississippi state head of the Internal Revenue Service. He ran unsuccessfully for governor in 1947, having polled only 2.5 percent of the ballots cast.In


title: George L. Sheldon

texts:
 1956, <mask> was the leader of the small Lily-White Movement in the Mississippi Republican Party, which had formerly carried the backing of former President Theodore Roosevelt. A new faction of conservative lawyers and businesspeople, many from the Young Republicans organization, led by Wirt Yerger from the capital city of Jackson gained control of the Mississippi party. By the margin of his own vote, Yerger was elected the first modern chairman of the Mississippi GOP. Perry Wilbon Howard, the long-term African American leader of the Black and Tans contingent, continued to serve as National Committeeman until his death in 1961. After <mask>, the next Republican to seek the governorship was Rubel Phillips of Corinth and Jackson, who ran in 1963 on a ticket with State Senator Stanford Morse of Gulfport. Phillips tried again in 1967 but was crushed by U.S. Representative John Bell Williams, by which time Clarke Reed had succeeded Wirt Yerger as the party chairman. In 1991, Kirk Fordice became the first Republican elected as governor of Mississippi since Reconstruction.Death
<mask> died in Greenville, Mississippi, on April 4, 1960. He is interred at Greenville Cemetery. References

External links
  papers at the Nebraska State Historical Society. Retrieved on November 16, 2009. National Governors Association

|-

1870 births
1960 deaths
Governors of Nebraska
People from Cass County, Nebraska
People from Greenville, Mississippi
Nebraska Republicans
Farmers from Mississippi
Mississippi Republicans
Nebraska state senators
Members of the Mississippi House of Representatives
Military personnel from Nebraska
Harvard University alumni
Republican Party state governors of the United States
Pershing Riflemen
Burials in Mississippi
University of Nebraska–Lincoln

masks: Sheldon Sheldon Sheldon


title: Xenia Hausner

texts:
<mask> (born 1951 in Vienna) is an Austrian painter and stage designer. Life
<mask> was born into a family of artists. Her father was the Austrian painter <mask>. From 1972 to 1976, she studied stage design at the Academy of Arts in Vienna and at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London. From 1977 to 1992, she designed sets for theatre, opera and film at the Burgtheater in Vienna, Salzburg Festival, Royal Opera House Covent Garden in London, Theâtre Royal de la Monnaie in Brussels etc., as well as a stage design for a new production of Richard Strauss's opera “Der Rosenkavalier” in 2020 staged by André Heller at the Staatsoper Unter den Linden, Berlin. Since 1992, Hausner has been working exclusively as a painter. Her works have been shown at numerous galleries, art fairs and museums.She lives and works in Berlin and Vienna. Work

Stage sets
Her first stage sets were collages built from material collected from condemned houses, junk yards and garbage dumps. She used this raw material to assemble a theatrical space that sprung to life in the clash between naturalistic clarity and abstract interpretation. Her favorite configuration was the oxymoron, a correlation of opposites, a concentrated unification of elements caught in centrifugal chaos. Painting
As of 1990, she began concentrating on painting. People are at the center of her focus. Her images are enigmatic, the situations she depicts ambiguous.Hausner's large-formatted works are societal descriptions, the situations purposely fragmentary, snapshots from daily life. In contrast to the

masks:
Xenia Hausner
Hausner
Rudolf Hausner


title: Xenia Hausner

texts:
 networking in contemporary art. Fotography

In addition to painting, photography is a major component in her work. Hausner interlaces the history and potential inherent in both these image media in a multi-faceted manner, implicitly bringing into her painting not only the principles of photography but consolidating elements of film as well. Hausner stages photos as a basis for painting. She produces and directs her photographic scenarios in her studio, using one or more characters. The choice of a cut, the sense of the fragmentary, the actual montage and the drastic staging of light according to color ultimately contributes to the intense individual atmospheric character of the image. Projects
Hausner is active in the "Women without Borders" movement and documents through her camera women, active in the struggle against terrorism.She is strongly interested in architectural projects, for example the mantling of the Ringturm in Vienna in 2011, or in designing church windows (Kilian Church in Heilbronn, St. Johannis Church in Gehrden, St. Johannes and St. Laurentius Cathedral in Merseburg). Prizes, honors, fellowships and awards
 2000 - Ernst Barlach Preis

Notable exhibitions
A selection
 2021: "Xenia Hausner. True Lies",  Albertina Museum, Vienna
 2020: "<mask> Hausner – This will have been another happy day! ", Palais Populaire, Berlin
 2020: "Schiele – Rainer – Kokoschka / Der Welt (m)eine Ordnung geben", Landesgalerie Niederösterreich, Krems
 2020: "A.E.I.O.U. – Österreichische Aspekte in der Sammlung Würth", Galleri Würth, Hagan, Norway


title: Xenia Hausner

texts:
 2020: "Freunde. Hunde und Menschen", Bayrisches Nationalmuseum, Munich
 2020: 8th Moscow International Biennale of Contemporary Art, State Tretyakov Gallery
 2019: "Xenia Hausner", Forum Gallery New York
 2019: "Xenia Hausner. Behind The Scenes", Austrian Cultural Forum New York
 2019: "Body extended", Shepherd W&K Galleries, New York
 2019: "Juntos Aparte", Bienalsur – South America's Art Biennale, Cucuta Colombia
 2019: "<mask> Hausner – Displaced – Storie in Movimento" Palazzo Ducale di Mantova, Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Italy
 2019: "Warhol bis Richter", Albertina Contemporary Art, Wien
 2019: "The Still Life in Contemporary Art" Galleri Würth, Norway
 2019: "Blickwechsel: Neue Frauenbilder" Galerie von Braunbehrens, Stuttgart
 2019: "Frauen über Frauen" Galerie Deschler, Berlin
 2018: "Die Geste" Ludwiggalerie, Schloss Oberhausen, Deutschland
 2018: "Guernica – Ikone des Friedens" Hofburg Innsbruck
 2018: "Objects of Desire" Xenia Hausner & Dorothee Golz, Galerie 422, Gmunden, Österreich
 2018: "Mit Haut und Haar.Frisieren, Rasieren, Verschönern", Wien Museum
 2018: "<mask> Hausner – Shaky Times" Danubiana Meulensteen Art Museum Bratislava
 2018: "Black & White", Galerie Deschler, Berlin
 2017: "Monet to Picasso. The Batliner Collection", Permanent Collection, Albertina, Wien, Österrreich
 2017: "Seeing with our own eyes", Forum Gallery, New York, USA
 2017: "Glasstress", Palazzo Franchetti, Venice
 2017: "<mask> Hausner – Exiles" in Personal Structures: Crossing Borders, Palazzo Bembo, Venice
 2017: „Entfesselt. Malerinnen der

masks: Xenia Xenia Xenia


title: Xenia Hausner

texts:
 Gegenwart“, Schloss Achberg, Germany
 2017: „Fleischeslust“, Galerie Deschler, Berlin
 2017: „Modern & Contemporary Art“, Forum Gallery, New York
 2017: „10 – Alive and Kicking“, Dominik Mersch Gallery, Sydney
 2017: „Menagerie. An Animal Show from the Würth Collection“, Forum Würth Rorschach, CH
 2016: “Frau im Bild – Female Portraits from the Würth Collection”, Gallery Würth, Oslo
 2016: “Rendezvous, Meisterwerke aus der Sammlung Essl”, Essl Museum, Klosterneuburg
 2015: "From Hockney to Holbein. The Würth Collection in Berlin", Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin
 2015: "Personal Structures: Crossing Borders", Palazzo Mora, Venice
 2015: "Soft Power", Leo Gallery, Shanghai
 2015: "Girl, Girls, Girls", Galerie Deschler, Berlin
 2015: <mask> Hausner "Some Hope", FO.KU.S, Innsbruck
 2014: Xenia Hausner "Look Left – Look Right", Today Art Museum, Beijing
 2014: Xenia Hausner "Look Left – Look Right", The Pao Galleries, Hong Kong Arts Center, Hong Kong
 2014: "Glanzlichter. Meisterwerke zeitgenössischer Glasmalerei im Naumburger Dom", Naumburg
 2014: "Die Andere Sicht", Essl Museum, Klosterneuburg
 2013: "Sie. Selbst.Nackt." Paula Modersohn-Becker Museum, Bremen
 2013: "Painting Water", Berlin Art Week, Galerie Deschler
 2013: "A.E.I.O.U. – Österreichische Aspekte in der Sammlung Würth", Museum Würth, Künzelsau
 2012: "ÜberLeben" Sammlung Essl, Klosterneuburg
 2012: 5th Beijing International Art Biennial, Beijing (China)
 2012: "Xenia Hausner – Flagrant délit", Musée Würth France, Erstein
 2012: "Glasmalerei des 21. Jahrhunderts", Centre intern. du Vitrail,


title: Xenia Hausner

texts:
 Steven Bennett Collection, San Antonio/USA
 Serendipity Arts Trust, New Delhi, India
 Sammlung Klewan
 Paul Allen Collection

Literature
  <mask> Hausner: Look Left – Look Right. Brandstätter Verlag, 2014,
 ÜberLeben. Brandstätter Verlag, Wien 2012. Flagrant délit. Swiridoff Verlag 2012. Damage. Hirmer Verlag 2011.You and I. Prestel Verlag, München 2008. Two. Galerie von Braunbehrens, München 2007. GlücksFall. Prestel Verlag, München 2005. Damenwahl- Berichte aus dem Labor, mit Beiträgen von André Heller, Elfriede Jelinek und Peter Weiermair, deutsch/englisch, Übersetzung von P. J. Blumenthal und Allison Brown, Wienand Verlag, Köln 2003. Wieland Schmied (Hrsg.): <mask> Hausner. Kampfzone. 2. Auflage, Wienand Verlag, Köln 2003. Heart Matters. New York 2003. Kampfzone.Wienand Verlag, Köln 2000. Figuration. Bozen 1999. Liebesfragmente. Wienand Verlag, Köln 1997. <mask> Hausner: Rätselraum Fremde Frau. Braus Verlag, Heidelberg 1990,
 Global Art Affairs Foundation: "Personal Structures – Crossing Borders".European Cultural Centre, Venice 2015,
 Die andere Sicht. Sammlerin und Künstlerin. Edition Sammlung Essl, 2014,
 Elfriede Jelinek: Werk und Rezeption. Diskurse. Kontexte. Impulse. Publikationen des Elfriede Jelinek-Forschungszentrums.Pia Janke (Hg.) 2014, 2 Teilbände
 Sie. Selbst. Nackt. Paula Modersohn-Becker und andere Künstlerinnen im Selbstakt. Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2013,
 Dieter Wellershoff: Was die Bilder erzählen. Ein Rundgang durch mein imaginäres Museum.Kiepenheuer & Witsch Verlag, 2013,
 A.E.I.O.U. Österreichische Aspekte in der


title: Sam Togwell

texts:
<mask> (born 14 October 1984) is an English former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. He began his career with Crystal Palace in 2002, where he was loaned out to Oxford United, Northampton Town, and Port Vale. In July 2006 he transferred to Barnsley, before he joined Scunthorpe United in August 2008. He helped the "Iron" to win promotion out of the League One play-offs in 2009. He signed with Chesterfield in July 2012, and became a key player in the 2012–13 season. He lost his first team place the following season and was loaned out to Wycombe Wanderers. He helped Chesterfield to win the League Two title in 2013–14.He signed with Barnet in August 2014, and helped the club to the Conference title in the 2014–15 season. He was sold on to Eastleigh in December 2016, before joining Slough Town in June 2018. He retired in May 2021, having made a total of 606 appearances in all competitions, scoring 23 goals. Career

Crystal Palace
Togwell started out in the Crystal Palace youth set-up at the age of ten, before making his senior debut as a seventeen-year-old substitute on 22 December 2002 at Millmoor. Palace beat Rotherham United 3–1, returning to London with three First Division points. He did not get another game in the 2002–03 or 2003–04 seasons, mainly due to a broken leg. After rejecting a loan move to Norwegian club Viking FK, Togwell joined League Two club Oxford United on loan in October 2004.He made five appearances before returning to Selhurst Park the next month. In March 2005 he went back into the basement division to join Northampton Town on loan. He made eight appearances, before his loan deal was extended to cover the play-offs. Southend United defeated the "Cobblers" in the semi-finals, before beating Lincoln City in the final. <mask>, by now captain of the reserve team, played in the opening three rounds of the League Cup in 2005–06, including a 2–1 defeat of European Champions Liverpool in which he

masks:
Samuel James Togwell
Togwell


title: Sam Togwell

texts:
 captain one month later following the departure of Joe Partington. However he endured a difficult 2017–18 campaign, which started badly as he was ruled out for the first half of the season after picking up a thigh injury in August. By the time he recovered to full fitness manager Richard Hill had been replaced by Andy Hessenthaler, who opted to release Togwell at the end of the campaign. Slough Town
Togwell joined newly-promoted National League South club Slough Town in June 2018, where he joined up with his brother Lee. As well as playing together, the brothers also ran a personal training business together.He scored three goals in 44 matches in the 2018–19 season, helping the "Rebels" to reach the Second Round of the FA Cup, where they were beaten by Gillingham. Slough beat Reading Under-23s 3–1 in the 2019 Berks & Bucks Senior Cup final, with <mask> scoring a brace and his brother scoring the other goal. He scored two goals in 34 games during the 2019–20 season, helping Slough to qualify for the play-off quarter-finals, where they were beaten 3–0 by Dartford. He made 13 appearances before the 2020–21 season was curtailed early due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England. He announced his retirement in May 2021. Career statistics

Honours
Individual
Scunthorpe United F.C. Player of the Year: 2011

Scunthorpe United
Football League One play-offs: 2008–09

Chesterfield
Football League Two: 2013–14

Barnet
Conference Premier: 2014–15

Slough Town
Berks & Bucks Senior Cup: 2019

References

1984 births
Living people
People from Beaconsfield
English footballers
Association football midfielders
Barnsley F.C.players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Oxford United F.C. players
Northampton Town F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
Scunthorpe United F.C. players
Chesterfield F.C. players
Wycombe Wanderers F.C.players
Barnet F.C. players
Eastleigh F.C. players
Slough Town F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football)


title: Rich Iott

texts:
<mask> "<mask>" <mask> (born October 25, 1951) is a President at Braeburn Entertainment, Ltd  and was the 2010 Republican nominee for United States Representative for Ohio's 9th District. A lifelong resident of Ohio, he is a former grocery executive, and is now a film producer and an active investor in a number of small businesses. Early life and education
<mask> is the son of grocers Wallace "Wally" <mask> and <mask> of Toledo, Ohio. He attended parochial grade school and graduated from Sylvania High School (now Northview) in 1969. <mask> wanted to enlist in the military during the Vietnam War era, but was refused due to a heart murmur. He attended Hillsdale College, but did not graduate. Career
He worked in the family grocery business, which grew to be the Seaway Food Town regional chain of 75 supermarkets and drug stores.He started out in clerk jobs in 1966 then moved up into management, becoming the President of the corporation in 1989. He was CEO from 1996 until the business was merged with Spartan Stores in 2000. Since leaving the grocery business, <mask> has become involved with start-up companies, ranging from 3D imaging to salsa making. He is also a filmmaker, producing over thirty feature films, mainly as an executive producer, between 2007 and the present, including films for the SyFy Channel, Lifetime Channel, a 3D family film Call of the Wild and the multiple award-winning  Beautiful Boy starring Michael Sheen and Maria Bello. He was co-founder of Toledo's Black Swamp International Film Festival in 2009 and is also a member of the Producer's Guild of America (PGA). Military service
Beginning in 1982, <mask> served in the Ohio Military Reserve (OHMR), a State Defense Force that is trained to provide logistics and resource support during disasters or threats to homeland security. <mask> is a graduate of the United States Marine Corps Command and General Staff College and the United States Air Force Air War College.He also holds a parachutist rating from both the Israeli Defense Force and

masks:
Richard Bradley
Rich
Iott
Iott
Iott
Jeanette Iott
Iott
Iott
Iott
Iott


title: Rich Iott

texts:
 the Army of The Netherlands. He retired at the rank of Colonel in April 2016 after more than 32 years of service. His last assignment was as the Deputy Commander of the OHMR. <mask> is the recipient of the State of Ohio Distinguished Service Medal. Community service
<mask> has been on numerous community boards over the years including the Toledo Zoo, the Toledo Chamber of Commerce, St. Ursula Academy, St. John’s Jesuit, Erie Shores Council of the Boy Scouts, and St. Luke’s Hospital. He was Chairman of the Ohio Council of Retail Merchants. As president of the Iott Foundation, <mask> funded the construction of a three-story expansion of St. Ursula's all-girls Catholic high school in 2006; The Iott Center at St. John's Jesuit, an all-boys Catholic high school in 2009, and the Iott Scout Shop at the new Erie Shores Council, B.S.A.headquarters in 2013. 2010 U.S. Congressional campaign

<mask> began his run for Congress as an independent, announcing his candidacy in late January 2010. Of his lack of political experience, <mask> said, "That is exactly my qualification," and, "I am not a politician, never have been, and don't intend to become one." Following complaints by members of the Tea Party movement that having a conservative independent and a conservative Republican on the November ballot would split the vote, <mask> dropped his independent candidacy and ran in the Republican primary against Jack Smith, a retired Toledo police chief and Vietnam veteran. <mask> defeated Smith on May 4, with 12,668 votes to Smith's 4,729. <mask>'s opponent in the general election was Democratic nominee Marcy Kaptur; initially Libertarian candidate Jeremy D. Swartz who withdrew so the Libertarian Party of Ohio replaced him by appointing Joseph Michael Jaffe. Several media outlets described <mask> as a Tea Party favorite.His campaign was largely self-financed, with $823,100 in loan contributions coming from <mask> as of June 30, 2010. As of September 30, <mask> had raised and spent $1.5 million, with approximately $1.4

masks: Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott


title: Rich Iott

texts:
 million in candidate self-financing through loans. <mask> lost the election to incumbent Democrat Marcy Kaptur by 35,822 votes. He won Ottawa and Lorain counties, split Erie county and lost Lucas county. This represented a 59%-41% victory. "Who Killed Food Town" controversy
The Kaptur Campaign maintained that <mask> was unfit for office because he had "run the company into the ground", "took the money and ran", and put "5,000 people out of work". This was promoted through an intense television, radio, newspaper, and social media campaign, with the assistance of the United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW) union local.Reporters Lara Seligman, Michael Morse and Eugene Kiely of FactCheck.Org released a well researched story on September 17, 2010, which stated that the allegations were all false and misleading. The article said "the company prospered during the years that <mask> served as president and CEO, from 1996 to 2000. In July 1999, the company reported its best ever third-quarter financial results. During the fiscal 1999 third quarter, the company reported that sales increased 8.3 percent to $167.3 million, up from $154.6 million the year before. The company opened three new stores between 1998 and 1999." In October 1999, the Cleveland Plain Dealer described Seaway Food Town as a "well run" hometown grocery store that would be attractive to larger companies at a time when the industry was consolidating. "In the last six months, the company’s stock has jumped 130 percent, coming off a fiscal year that saw earnings jump 8 percent to $167.3 million.And from 1994 to 1998, earnings catapulted 300 percent on revenues that increased only 14 percent during the same period." FactCheck.Org goes on to say it was "wrong to blame <mask> for "closing our neighborhood stores," and it goes too far in blaming him for "costing 5,000 people their jobs." Although he was a major player in the decision to merge Food Town with Spartan Stores, there is no evidence that he was involved in the decisions to close Food

masks:
Iott
Iott
Rich Iott
Iott


title: Rich Iott

texts:
 Town stores. In the end, the ad’s summary charge — that <mask> "doesn’t create jobs, he sells them off" — misrepresents what happened to Food Town and its employees, and who was responsible for it." Spartan did not close the stores until 2003 - three years after <mask> had left the company. The Toledo Blade, the local newspaper, also drew the same conclusions, giving Representative Kaptur the chance to recant or revise her allegations. She chose, instead, to stand by her statements.Waffen-SS reenactment controversy
<mask> received national media attention in October 2010 when it was reported in The Atlantic that he was a member of a Waffen-SS reenactment group that portrays the German SS Division Wiking (German for 'Viking'). The Atlantic also published two pictures of <mask> dressed as an SS man that were replicated virally on the internet and by other news sources. <mask> told The Atlantic that his interest was historical and that he absolutely does not agree with the tenets of Nazism. He said he joined because reenactments were a hobby and a father-son bonding experience, and that he has participated in a range of reenactments over the years including as a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War, and as American soldiers in World War I and II. <mask>'s campaign said the candidate had not engaged in any reenactments for about five years. According to the Toledo Free Press, <mask> joined the group in 2002 and was listed on the membership rolls through 2008. In response to the ensuing criticism, <mask> said he never intended disrespect towards anyone through his reenactments, and later said the story was a coordinated character assassination attempt by his opponent to distract from the issues.Swastikas were found painted on several of <mask>'s campaign lawn signs on October 13, 2010, with <mask> accusing the Kaptur campaign of "inciting these hateful actions". A Holocaust survivors' group said that <mask>'s wearing of the SS uniform was "disgraceful", and the Republican Jewish Coalition called


title: Rich Iott

texts:
 <mask> unfit for office. A local rabbi predicted the reaction would be negative and would not be limited to Jewish people. The JTA News Service noted that <mask> had not apologized. Some Republican leaders distanced themselves from <mask> in the wake of the controversy. House Republican whip Eric Cantor, a Jew, told Fox News that he repudiated and did not support <mask>'s actions. The National Republican Congressional Committee removed <mask> from its website list of preferred "contenders".A Jewish friend and movie business partner of <mask> offered a defense, calling <mask> one of the most pro Jewish and pro Israel people he knows. Toledo City Councilman Rob Ludeman said he was not withdrawing his support of <mask> because of one incident in the past. The Lucas County GOP chief continued to back <mask>, emphasizing that the county Republican Party organization did not condone Nazis, and adding the claim that this was nothing more than politically motivated mudslinging and an attempt to split the party. U.S. House Minority Leader John Boehner continued to solicit funds for <mask>'s campaign through his Freedom Project PAC. A Freedom Project spokesman said Boehner was not concerned about the reenactments turning off voters or donors. Endorsements
The pro-life Susan B. Anthony List Candidate Fund endorsed <mask> on July 13, saying he would be a supporter of pro-life issues. The political action committee of the National Federation of Independent Business endorsed <mask> on September 23, based on <mask>'s positions on health care, taxes, and regulation.The Council for Citizens Against Government Waste (the lobbying arm of the Citizens Against Government Waste) endorsed <mask> on October 6, saying he had signed the PAC's "No Pork Pledge" and was committed to fiscal conservatism, cutting taxes, and reducing the size of government. Other endorsements came from the Change the Congress in 2010 PAC and the Gun Owners of America Political Victory Fund which gave him a grade of A. <mask> received a grade AQ

masks: Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott Iott


title: Rich Iott

texts:
 from the NRA, which is an A based on how he answered the NRA's questionnaire,

Selected political positions
According to his campaign website, as a candidate <mask> advanced these political positions in 2010:
 He stated he would vote to repeal the 2010 health care reform legislation because he believes it is unconstitutional, a "job killer", and will lead to rationing. He stated he would vote for tort reform and would vote to make it possible for people to buy insurance across state lines. He opposes the cap and trade energy bill and is in favor of market-driven solutions to energy problems. He believes the government bailouts were unconstitutional, a waste of taxpayer money, and a violation of free market principles. He pledged never to ask for earmarks when elected to Congress. He believes the Social Security system needs to be reformed, but does not believe in privatizing it, increasing the retirement age, changing recipients' benefits, or raising taxes.He believes in sealing the borders and deporting all illegal immigrants who come to the attention of law enforcement, and supports Arizona's controversial immigration legislation, Arizona SB 1070. He believes that the Iraq War was a success, and supports an escalation of the War in Afghanistan. He supports America's participation in international free trade agreements. He believes that same-sex marriage is immoral but that making it illegal is a civil violation of equal rights. He supports Israel's right to self-defense and says America has an obligation to support it; he opposes a Palestinian state formed by taking land from Israel and a divided Jerusalem, and believes that the UN has become irrelevant. References

External links
 <mask> official site

 Financial information at OpenSecrets.org
 <mask> on FactCheck.org

 <mask> official blog site
 Rich Iott Rich Iott Entertainment site
 Rich Iott Rich Iott On Spoke

Living people
1951 births
American food industry business executives
Ohio Republicans
Politicians from Toledo, Ohio
Catholics from

masks:
Iott
Rich Iott
Rich Iott
Rich Iott


title: Jack Weiss

texts:
<mask> (born August 21, 1964) is an American entrepreneur and former politician. He is co-founder of BlueLine Grid, Inc., formerly known as Bratton Technologies, Inc. <mask> is also a former member of the Los Angeles City Council representing the 5th district from 2001 to 2009. He previously served as an Assistant United States Attorney for the Central District of California from 1994 to 2000. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Background and early career
<mask> graduated with honors from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University in 1986. After graduation, <mask> moved to Washington, D.C. where he worked as an arms control researcher and as a legislative assistant on Capitol Hill. He then attended UCLA School of Law and graduated in 1992.While at UCLA, <mask> was the editor-in-chief of the UCLA Law Review. After graduating from UCLA, <mask> served as a law clerk to a federal judge in California. <mask> then briefly practiced as an attorney with the Los Angeles law firm of Irell & Manella LLP. Business career
<mask> is a co-founder of BlueLine Grid, Inc., a New York-based start-up that provides mobile communications tools to public sector employees and agencies. The Company was originally known as Bratton Technologies, Inc., which <mask> co-founded in January 2013 with Bill Bratton and David Riker, a company with the mission of connecting all public safety agencies in the United States. BlueLine Grid launched a mobile communications application for public employees in May 2014. In 2009, <mask> joined Virginia-based security and global investigations firm Altegrity Risk International.In August 2010, Altegrity acquired Kroll, a global risk consulting company, and in September 2010, <mask> was chosen to head Kroll's Los Angeles office.

masks:
Jack Stephen Weiss
Weiss
Weiss
Weiss
Weiss
Weiss
Weiss
Weiss
Weiss
Weiss
Weiss


title: Jack Weiss

texts:
 <mask> led the company's expansion its due diligence and fraud investigative services in local corporate and legal communities. Legal career
<mask> joined the United States Attorney's Office for the Central District of California in 1994. He was assigned to the Public Corruption and Government Fraud Section and the Major Frauds Section, and he brought cases involving white collar crime, corruption, civil rights, and violent crimes. He initiated the government’s prosecution of a Los Angeles Superior Court Judge who had conducted an affair with a defendant in his court. Political career

Los Angeles City Council
In 2001, <mask> was elected to the Los Angeles City Council from 5th district, defeating former state senator, assemblyman and gubernatorial candidate Tom Hayden by 369 votes. During his tenure on the Los Angeles City Council, <mask> chaired the Public Safety Committee; the Redistricting Committee; the Arts, Health and Humanities Committee; and, the Information Technology and General Services Committee.He also served on the Planning and Land Use Management Committee,  and contributed to the unsuccessful bid to hold the 2016 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. <mask> supported the efforts of Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa and Police Chief William Bratton to increase the City's trash collection fees to raise funds to hire new police officers. <mask> was active on issues involving homeland security and the police department. He was a frequent speaker and author on the topic of terrorism preparedness. During his tenure on the Council, <mask> wrote legislation that toughened the city’s gun laws, and he served as the founding chair of the Santa Monica Bay Restoration Commission. In 2002, <mask> wrote a ten-point plan called "Preparing Los Angeles for Terrorism." <mask> was also an outspoken

masks: Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss


title: Jack Weiss

texts:
 supporter of the State of Israel.<mask> won reelection in 2005 with 71.9% of the vote. As a city councilman, <mask> was criticized for accepting campaign contributions from real estate developers and their representatives. In particular, <mask> accepted 78 political contributions from subcontractors for developer Alan Casden. Additionally, a vice president of Casden Properties made contributions to the <mask> campaign that were later deemed to violate city campaign finance law. <mask> not accused of any wrongdoing by the either the city or state. The California Fair Political Practices Commission ruled that there was no evidence that the <mask> was aware of the source or illegal nature of the donations. Campaign for Los Angeles City Attorney
In 2007, <mask> announced that he would run for Los Angeles City Attorney seat in 2009, when incumbent Rocky Delgadillo would be forced from office by term limits.That May, a group of residents in his district launched a campaign to try to force a recall election of <mask>, accusing him of being too supportive of large development projects. <mask> said the developments were permitted under the city’s zoning laws and would bring needed jobs, housing, property taxes and other infrastructure improvements to the area. The group never turned in its petitions to the city, but claimed to have gathered 20,000 signatures. <mask> finished first with 36 percent of the vote in the primary election for City Attorney, but was forced into a runoff against Carmen Trutanich, an attorney in private practice. Several members of the Council threw their support behind Trutanich and <mask> was frequently criticized for his close relationship with Villaraigosa, whose popularity had fallen and who had won reelection in March by a much lower margin than expected. <mask>

masks: Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss


title: Jack Weiss

texts:
 was also criticized for accepting money from Benjamin Reznik, a lobbyist with a long history of suing the city. Community involvement
He has served as a member of the UCLA School of Law Alumni Association Board of Directors, the Cesar Chavez Foundation, and the Pacific Council on International Policy.He serves as a fellow for the Truman National Security Project. While serving as a council member, <mask> was notified that he was a bone marrow match for a leukemia patient he did not know. <mask> donated bone marrow to the patient and later received the Legislative Award from the National Marrow Donor Program for expanding city medical leave for bone marrow donors. <mask> serves as a member of the board of the Younes and Saraya Nazarian Center for Israel Studies at UCLA, and is also a contributing editor to the Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles. Awards
During his career as a public servant, <mask> received numerous awards including:
100 New Democrats to Watch by Democratic Leadership Council
Humanitarian Award from the Los Angeles Commission on Assaults Against Women
Environmentalist of the Year Award from the Los Angeles League of Conservation Voters
Distinguished Community Leader Award by UCLA Center for Community Partnerships
Civic Leadership Award by Santa Monica Baykeeper
Civic Leadership Award, Peace Over Violence

Personal life
<mask> resides in Los Angeles with his wife, Leslie Kautz, a former Pentagon policy analyst who is a co-founder of an investment advisory firm. The couple have two children, Jacob Wolf and Mollie. References

External links

1964 births
Living people
California Democrats
Los Angeles City Council members
Jewish American people in California politics
Princeton School of Public and International Affairs alumni
UCLA School of Law alumni
21st-century

masks: Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss Weiss


title: Gone Benjamin Devasahayam

texts:
Bishop G. B<mask> (born 23 August 1925; died 20 August 1996) was the second elected CSI-Bishop - in - Karimnagar Diocese of the Church of South India who occupied the Cathedra from 1982 through 1987 placed in the CSI-Wesley Cathedral in Karimnagar Town in Telangana, India

Devasahayam hailed from the Protestant CSI-Diocese of Medak which was predominantly a Wesleyan Methodist congregation initiated by the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society which unionized itself into the Church of South India that was inaugurated on 20 September 1947 at the CSI-St. George's Cathedral, Chennai. After <mask> discerned his avocation towards priesthood, then Bishop, Frank Whittaker sent him to the Protestant Regional Theologiate in Bangalore for ministerial formation during 1952-1956 after which <mask> was ordained and began ministering in the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Diocese of Medak during the successive bishoprics of Frank Whittaker, Eber Priestley, H. D. L. Abraham and B. G. Prasada Rao. After nearly 25 years of pastoral ministry, <mask> contested the bishopric in the adjoining Diocese of Karimnagar and was declared elected by the Church of South India Synod resulting in his appointment as the second CSI-Bishop - in - Karimnagar where he began his bishopric from 1982 and continued to build up the ministry and evangelism<ref name="Surya">P. Surya Prakash, Karimnagar Diocese 133 years and Beyond: Church of South India Karimnagar Diocese - A Story of Transformation (1879-2012), 2012, p.5.</ref> in the diocese following the precedent set by his predecessor B. Prabhudass. In 1987, after shepherding the bishopric for nearly six years, <mask> announced his resignation from the ecclesiastical office of the Bishop citing health reasons and vacated the Cathedra resulting in sede vacante. The sudden turn of events took the ecclesiastical circles by storm making the Church of South India Synod led by Moderator I. Jesudason and Deputy Moderator P. Victor Premasagar to huddle and take steps to fill the sede vacante caused by the resignation of

masks:
. Devasahayam
Devasahayam
Devasahayam
Devasahayam
Devasahayam


title: Gone Benjamin Devasahayam

texts:
 Devasahayam. Ministerial formation

Graduate
Devasahayam pursued spiritual studies at the United Theological College, Bangalore affiliated to India's first University, the Senate of Serampore College (University) {a University under Section 2 (f) of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956} with degree-granting authority validated by a Danish Charter and ratified by the Government of West Bengal.Devasahayam studied at the seminary for four years from 1952-1956 during the Principalships of Max Hunter Harrison and Joshua Russell Chandran leading to award of Bachelor of Divinity during the annual convocation of the University held in 1957 during the Registrarship of William Stewart. Postgraduate
After a decade and half of ecclesiastical ministry, the Diocese of Medak led by H. D. L. Abraham sent Devasahayam to the McCormick Theological Seminary, Chicago in 1971 to upgrade his academics where he enrolled for a Master of ArtsMar Aprem Mooken, Indian Christian Who is Who, Bombay Parish Church of the East, Bombay, 1983, p.41. programme leading to the award of the M.A. by the seminary. Ecclesiastical ministry

Pastorate
After a 4-year ministerial formation at the Protestant Regional Theologiate in Bangalore during 1952-1956, <mask> was ordained as a Pastor by Frank Whittaker, the first CSI-Bishop - in - Medak following which he began to minister parishes in the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Diocese of Medak pastoring in Secunderabad, Nizamabad, Dudgaon in Telangana region of the erstwhile Andhra Pradesh state. Bishopric
In 1982 when the first CSI-Bishop - in - Karimnagar, B. Prabhudass vacated the Cathedra on attaining superannuation, the Church of South India Synod announced the conduction of fresh elections to fill in the sede vacante, following which <mask> from the adjoining Diocese of Medak was declared elected and appointed to the bishopric leading to his consecration in 1982 by I. Jesudasan then Moderator of the Church of South India Synod who principally consecrated Devasahayam as CSI-Bishop - in - Karimnagar in the presence of

masks: Devasahayam Devasahayam


title: Gone Benjamin Devasahayam

texts:
 Sundar Clarke, the Deputy Moderator and co-consecrator. As Bishop, Devasahayam took part in the biennial conclaves of the Church of South India Synods of 1984 and 1986 held at Secunderabad and Trivandrum respectively.In 1987, <mask> vacated the Bishopric on account of health reasons resulting in an unexpected sede vacante very much similar to the present papacy of Pope Benedict XVI who resigned citing health reasons in 2013. The Church of South India Synod filled the sede vacante by announcing the appointment of K. E. Swamidass, who incidentally was a companion of Devasahayam during his seminary studies in Bangalore. Governor
As CSI-Bishop - in - Karimnagar, <mask> was ex officio'' member of the Board of Governors of the near-ecumenical Andhra Christian Theological College, a Protestant Regional Theologiate situated in Hyderabad comprising a few Protestant societies, the Wesleyans, Methodists, Lutherans, Baptists, Congregationalists, and the Anglicans. Devasahayam represented the Karimnagar Diocese which was again a Wesleyan congregation from 1982 through 1987 on the Board of Governors coinciding with the successive cycle of Principalships held by Convention of Baptist Churches of Northern Circars and the Samavesam of Telugu Baptist Churches led by The Rev. K. David, Ph.D. (Edinburgh) and The Rev. S. Joseph, D.Th. (Serampore) respectively.Retirement and death
After <mask> sought early retirement from the bishopric in 1987 on account of health reasons, he returned to the Diocese of Medak and resided in Secunderabad. In 1992 <mask> took part in the consecration of the Old Testament Scholar S. John Theodore as the fourth CSI-Bishop - in - Karimnagar along with his predecessor B. Prabhudass as well as K. E. Swamidass his successor. <mask> continued to minister in the Diocese of Medak until his death on 20 August 1996. References

Further reading

Telugu people
20th-century Anglican bishops in India
Anglican bishops of Karimnagar
Indian Christian theologians
Senate of Serampore College (University) alumni
McCormick Theological

masks: Devasahayam Devasahayam Devasahayam Devasahayam Devasahayam


title: Douglas T. Jacobson

texts:
Major <mask> (November 25, 1925 – August 20, 2000) was a United States Marine who earned the United States' highest military honor  — the Medal of Honor — for his heroic actions on Iwo Jima during World War II. "Private First Class Jacobson destroyed a total of sixteen enemy positions and annihilated approximately seventy-five Japanese, thereby contributing essentially to the success of his division's operations." He was presented the Medal of Honor by President Harry S<mask> on October 5, 1945. Early years
<mask> was born in Rochester, New York, on November 25, 1925, the son of a carpenter. He attended elementary and high school in Port Washington, New York. He worked for his father as a draftsman, and was a lifeguard and swimming instructor before enlisting in the Marine Corps Reserve on January 28, 1943, at the age of 17. Marine Corps service
Following recruit training at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South Carolina, he was transferred to the 23rd Marine Regiment at Camp Lejeune, New River, North Carolina, and was promoted in July 1943 to private first class.As a member of the 3rd Battalion, 23rd Marines, 4th Marine Division, he was sent overseas in December 1943, and participated in the campaigns for Tinian, Marianas Islands, Marshall Islands, and Iwo Jima. He was commended in division orders of the 4th Marine Division "…for excellent performance of duties as a Browning automatic rifleman while serving with a rifle company during action against enemy Japanese forces on Saipan, Marianas Island from June 15, to June 28, 1944…"

On February 26, 1945, during the Battle of Iwo Jima, he destroyed multiple enemy positions during fierce combat. For his actions on that day, he was awarded the Medal of Honor. Promoted to corporal in April 1945, he returned to the United States that September, reporting to Headquarters Battalion, Headquarters Marine Corps, Washington,

masks:
Douglas Thomas Jacobson
. Truman
Douglas Jacobson


title: Douglas T. Jacobson

texts: D.C., and was subsequently transferred to the Naval Shipyard, New York, New York, until discharged as a corporal in December 1945. In October 1945, he received the Medal of Honor from President <mask>. He then reenlisted in the United States Marine Corps on April 22, 1946, and was retained at District Headquarters Recruiting Station, Washington, D.C., as a recruiting sergeant. Reappointed a line corporal in September 1946, he was ordered to a replacement battalion at Oceanside, California, embarking in November aboard the USS General William Mitchell as a replacement for the 1st Marine Division, Fleet Marine Force.He joined the 1st Engineer Battalion in December 1946, and served with the 1st Marine Division in Peiping and Tsingtao, China. He was promoted to sergeant in May 1947. Returning from overseas in December 1948, he reported to the Marine Air Detachment, U.S. Naval Air Station, Columbus, Ohio, and was subsequently returned to the Naval Base, New York, New York, for discharge as a sergeant on April 21, 1949. He later served 8 months in the Florida National Guard  before being discharged to reenlist in the Marine Corps Reserve as a technical sergeant in September 1953 as a member of the 2d 155 mm Gun Battalion, at Miami, Florida. Shortly thereafter, he was ordered to active duty to attend the 9th Officer Candidate Course, at Quantico, Virginia. Discharged from the Reserve in December 1953, he was immediately reappointed a technical sergeant in the regular Marine Corps, and subsequently commissioned a second lieutenant in March 1954, with date of rank from June 5, 1953.Following graduation from the 1st Basic Course at Quantico in June 1954, he served briefly as a detachment officer until transferred to the 3rd Marine Division, at Camp Pendleton. As a member of the 3d Marine Division, Lieutenant <mask> left the United States in December 1954, arriving in Japan the next month.

masks:
Harry Truman
Jacobson


title: Douglas T. Jacobson

texts: During this tour of duty he served as executive officer and later commanding officer of Company A, 1st Battalion, 9th Marines, 3rd Marine Division, and was promoted to first lieutenant with date of rank from December 5, 1954. Returning from overseas in June 1955, Lieutenant <mask> reported to the Marine Barracks, U.S. Naval Base, Brooklyn, New York, and served as a guard officer until July 1956, when he was transferred to the 2nd Battalion, 2nd Marines, 2nd Marine Division, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. At Camp Lejeune, he served as a company officer in Company D and later as commanding officer of Headquarters & Service Company. In August 1957, he became a range officer at the Rifle Range Battalion, Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, and was promoted to captain in November.In January 1958, he was reassigned to the General Supply Service Company, 2nd Service Regiment, 2nd Marine Division, Camp Lejeune, to attend Supply Officer Course #2-58. Upon completion of the course in April 1958, he was assigned duties as a supply officer with Sub Unit #1, Headquarters Company, Headquarters Battalion, Marine Corps Base, at Camp Lejeune. In October 1958, he became officer in charge of Self-Service Center, Base Material Battalion, 2nd Force Service Regiment at Camp Lejeune, and then served in various other supply duty capacities with the battalion until July 1960, when he was ordered to duty with the 3rd Marine Division on Okinawa. Captain <mask> served as regimental supply officer of the 3rd Marine Regiment with the division until December 1960, when he returned to the Base Material Battalion, at Camp Lejeune. There, he served as assistant warehouse officer and officer in charge, Subsistence Branch and Storage Division, until April 1962, when he was assigned as commanding officer, H&S Company, 2d Pioneer Battalion, 2d Marine Division, Camp Lejeune. He was promoted to major on July 1, 1964, and

masks: Jacobson Jacobson


title: Douglas T. Jacobson

texts:
 retired in 1967. Later life
After his discharge, he lived in New Jersey and sold real estate.In 1987, he moved to Florida. Major <mask> died on August 20, 2000, in Port Charlotte, Florida, of congestive heart failure and pneumonia. He was survived by his wife Joan, three daughters and two grandchildren. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Virginia. His grave can be found in court 5, section H, stack 17, niche 3 of the columbarium map grid NN 19.5. The veterans home in Port Charlotte is named in his honor. Awards and decorations
In addition to the Medal of Honor, Major <mask>'s medals and decorations include: the Letter of Commendation, Presidential Unit Citation with two bronze stars, the Good Conduct Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with four bronze stars, the American Campaign Medal, the World War II Victory Medal, the China Service Medal, and the National Defense Service Medal with bronze star.Medal of Honor citation
The President of the United States takes pleasure in presenting the MEDAL OF HONOR to

for service as set forth in the following CITATION:
For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving with the Third Battalion, Twenty-Third Marines, Fourth Marine Division, in combat against enemy Japanese forces during the seizure of Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands, February 26, 1945. Promptly destroying a stubborn 20-mm. antiaircraft gun and its crew after assuming the duties of a bazooka man who had been killed, Private First Class Jacobson waged a relentless battle as his unit fought desperately toward the summit of Hill 382 in an effort to penetrate the heart of Japanese cross-island defenses. Employing his weapon with ready accuracy when his platoon was halted by overwhelming enemy fire on February 26, he first destroyed two hostile machine-gun positions, then attacked a large


title: Mark Greenwold

texts:
<mask> is an American painter, born in Cleveland, Ohio in 1942, whose subjects often include figures in psychologically charged domestic interiors, executed with pathologically laborious detail. He began exhibiting in New York in the late 1970s, where he currently lives and works. Though he came of age in an art world known for minimalist and conceptual trends, his work has always centered around the figure and his style has fallen somewhere between surrealism and photo realism. Biography
<mask> attended the Cleveland Institute of Art from 1962–1966. After which he continued his graduate studies at Indiana University Bloomington, earning his MFA in 1968. At Indiana, his professors were William Bailet and James McGarrell. After grad school, he moved to Seattle, where he got a teaching job.By 1986, he had relocated to Albany, where he had a teaching position at the State University. <mask> now lives and works in New York, NY. Artistic style
<mask>'s paintings are best described as humans engaging in discomfiting behavior represented with pathologically laborious detail. He sees his art as a place to put all his mishigas. And, as that mishigas is often human-centered, the figure is absolutely central to what <mask> paints. The subject matter always appears physiologically charged. <mask>'s process is painstaking.Some of his paintings have taken him four entire years to complete. His pace has always been slow, steady, and intensive. He uses photography as a starting point, which includes taking source imagery from low-end interior design magazines and photographs of friends and family members. Richard Vine, in a 1993 Art in America review, explains: “<mask>, who acknowledges an affinity with Woody Allen, subjects a repertory cast of relatives, lovers and friends to various emotional crises,

masks:
Mark Greenwold
Mark Greenwold
Mark Greenwold
Mark Greenwold
Greenwold
Greenwold
Greenwold


title: Mark Greenwold

texts:
 blatant or implicit, while never quite letting go of a self-deprecating humor that is his best—and perhaps only—psychological defense.”

1960s and 1970s
When <mask> first embarked on his painting career after grad school, he was entering an art world concerned with little else other than minimalism and conceptualism. This was an art world dominated by Greenbergian modernism, which opposed everything <mask> valued: space, content, emotion, sex, violence, and humor. Yet, he remained transfixed by the figure. While still a student at Indiana, he spent six months working on one single painting: Furlough, which he finished in 1968.The style and pace of this painting would set the tone for the rest of <mask>'s career. The work is very much set within its own time frame. Much of his work in the 1970s, for example, took interiors that were classically seventies or used source imagery from porn magazines. But beyond that, the sexual excess of the seventies is represented by <mask> as an orgiastic celebration of humanity. Much of his career has been plagued by controversy. In 1973, <mask>'s Secret Storm was allegedly censored from publication in an exhibition catalogue for the show "12 Painters and the Human Figure" at the Santa Barbara Museum. While <mask> suggested that the museum had shelved publishing the catalogue - an injustice to the other painters in the show - because of cries to censor his explicit painting, the director of the museum, Paul Mills, suggested that <mask>'s painting was never meant to be in the catalogue and that the production had ceased because <mask> did not cooperate with other photography.Along these same lines, an exhibition of one single painting was vehemently protested by art critic Lucy Lippard. The exhibition at Phyllis Kind in 1979, Brown's first solo show, included

masks: Greenwold Greenwold Greenwold Greenwold Greenwold Greenwold Greenwold Greenwold


title: Mark Greenwold

texts:
 one single painting, Sewing Room, whose subject matter was a husband stabbing his wife with a pair of scissors. Lippard bemoaned Kind's exhibition of a painting that clearly glorified domestic abuse. <mask> came to his own defense again, penning a letter for the Village Voice, in which he explained that simply depicting an event does not mean he was glorifying it. 1980s and 1990s
By the 1980s, <mask> was still focused primarily on placing the human figure in gaudy interiors. However, his style shifted slightly away from the tight almost photo realistic look of his previous paintings to a looser style. Also, in an effort to speed up his process, he shifted away from acrylic on large canvases and instead began using gouache and watercolor on a much smaller scale.Richard Vine, writing in Art in America in 1993, explained how <mask>'s style was reminiscent of Giotto and other Sienese painters of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Grace Glueck described his style as similar to that of magic realism and surrealism, where every inch of the painting is rendered in precise detail; though his paintings are intense they are just ever so slightly too staged to be convincing. 2000s
In the early 2000s, abstract designs made out of colored lozenge forms start appearing in <mask>'s paintings. These may be a reference to forms used by his friends and fellow artists, Chuck Close and James Siena. He stays true to the subject matter he always focused on, including interiors from architecture magazines and a depiction of the psychological landscape of dysfunctional family life. Art, New York, April 10–May 24

2004
Endless Love, DC Moore Gallery, New York, January 7–February 7
It’s a Wonderful Life: Psychodrama in Contemporary Painting, Spaces Gallery, Cleveland, March 19–May 14
Colored

masks: Greenwold Greenwold Greenwold Greenwold


title: Ye Zhupei

texts:
<mask> or Yap Chu-Phay (; 1902 – 24 November 1971) was a Chinese physical chemist, chemical engineer, and metallurgist. Born into an overseas Chinese family in the Philippines and educated in the United States, he moved to China in the 1930s and served in both the Kuomintang and the Communist governments. Considered the founder of chemical metallurgy in China, he was elected a founding member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 1955 and established the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy (now Institute of Process Engineering) of the CAS in 1958. He was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution and died in prison after five years of incarceration. Early life and career in the United States
<mask> (or Yap Chu-Phay in Hokkien) was born in 1902 in Manila, American Philippines, into an overseas Chinese family that originated from Xiamen, Fujian. His father, <mask> (), was a businessman and follower of the revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen. He entered Colorado School of Mines in the United States in 1921, and subsequently earned an M.S.from the University of Chicago and his Ph.D. in physical chemistry of metals from the University of Pennsylvania in 1929. <mask> worked as an engineer for Union Carbide and Central Alloy Steel Corporation, and later as engineer and director of the metallurgy department of American Machine and Foundry Company. While in the US, he published more than 10 papers in scientific journals and developed the use of thermodynamics in the study of iron-carbon alloys, which attracted much attention from metallurgists. Republic of China
In 1933, <mask> moved to the Republic of China to serve in the National Defense Design Council of the Kuomintang government in Nanjing. He was appointed director of the laboratory for metallurgy, which was

masks:
Ye Zhupei
Ye Zhupei
Ye Duxing
Ye
Ye


title: Ye Zhupei

texts:
 established at his suggestion. After the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937, <mask> relocated with the Kuomintang government to the wartime capital of Chongqing, where he led the production of strategic materials, such as electrolytic copper and special steel, which were urgently needed for the war effort. After the 1941 New Fourth Army incident, during which the Kuomintang attacked the New Fourth Army led by the Communist Party, their nominal ally in the Anti-Japanese War, <mask> arranged for the Communist leader Zhou Enlai to secretly meet the British embassy to impart the Communists' version of events.He also donated funds to support the Communist headquarters in Yan'an. In 1944, <mask> visited Europe and the United States to catch up with technological advances in the developed world. After the end of World War II, he served as vice director of the science committee of UNESCO, under director Joseph Needham. People's Republic of China
After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, <mask> moved to China in 1950 with his wife Marcelia and their one-year-old son. He was elected a founding member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 1955. In 1958, he established the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy (now Institute of Process Engineering) of the CAS and served as the founding director. In addition, he recruited Chen Jiayong to help develop hydrometallurgy at the institute.After examining the shortcomings of China's steel industry, <mask> suggested the application of the "three high method": high pressure, temperature, and humidity, and Shijingshan Steel built a test furnace according to his specification. He also solved key technical problems at Panzhihua Iron and Steel and Baotou Steel. He published more than 100 papers and won

masks: Ye Ye Ye Ye Ye


title: Ye Zhupei

texts:
 multiple State Science and Technology Prizes. However, many of his far-sighted proposals were not adopted at the time. He advocated the development of oxygen converter process for steelmaking, but others insisted on building large open hearth furnaces, a technology that was becoming obsolete. He advocated the use of computers for metallurgical research, and was ostracized by those who could not understand the connection. In 1952, he proposed simultaneous mining of iron ore and rare earths at the Bayan Obo mine, whereas Soviet experts preferred to focus on iron ore only.The Chinese government adopted the Soviet proposal, and only came to fully realize the value of the rare earth resources of Bayan Obo decades later. <mask> was elected a member of the 2nd and 3rd National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). In 1964, he was elected a Standing Committee member of the 3rd National People's Congress. When the Cultural Revolution erupted in 1966, however, he was persecuted and imprisoned by the Red Guards. He spent the final five years of his life in custody, during which time he wrote technical papers and proposals totaling 200,000 words. He suffered from colon cancer and died in prison on 24 November 1971. Legacy
<mask> was posthumously rehabilitated after the end of the Cultural Revolution and recognized as the founder of chemical metallurgy in China.On 10 July 1978, a grand ceremony was held for his interment at the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing. Vice Premier Fang Yi, who presided over the ceremony, declared him the "People's Scientist". In articles published in 1987 in <mask>'s memory, the prominent scientist Yan Jici praised his contributions to China which went far beyond the field of metallurgy, the

masks: Ye Ye Ye


title: Ye Zhupei

texts:
 entrepreneurial spirit that his career was imbued with, and his devotion to truth even under extremely difficult circumstances. Personal life
While a visiting scientist in New York City, <mask>i met his wife Marcelia <mask>, an Irish-American from Ohio, through their friends Toshi and Pete Seeger. They had a son, Kippy, and moved to China when he was a year old. In China Marcelia gave birth to two daughters, Suzanna and Cathy. She taught English at Yenching University, which later merged into Peking University, for 25 years.Among her students were many high-ranking Chinese and Korean officials, including Foreign Minister Li Zhaoxing. After retiring in 1976 at age 60, she returned to the United States and earned a master's degree in creative writing from University of California, Berkeley. She became a writer, publishing short stories and the poetry collection Hillegass Street, and later returned to teach at Peking University for another semester. She died in Berkeley on 2 February 2008, at the age of 91. As he grew up in the Philippines and the United States, <mask> was more fluent in English than Mandarin Chinese, which he spoke with a heavy Hokkien accent. References

1902 births
1971 deaths
Chinese chemical engineers
Chinese metallurgists
Chinese physical chemists
Colorado School of Mines alumni
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Filipino emigrants to China
Hokkien scientists
Members of the 2nd Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Members of the 3rd Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Members of the Standing Committee of the 3rd National People's Congress
People from Manila
People persecuted to death during the Cultural Revolution
UNESCO officials
University of Chicago alumni
University of

masks:
Ye Zhupe
Vance Yeh
Ye


title: Shashank Subramanyam

texts:
<mask> (was born Oct. 14 1978) widely acknowledged as a legend of the Flute, is a Grammy-nominated renowned exponent of the Bamboo Flute from India and specializes in Indian Classical Music. He is a recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi's senior award by Govt. of India bestowed by the Hon. President of India for the year 2017 at an investiture ceremony held at Rashtrapathi Bhavan in New Delhi. He was a child prodigy and began performing from his age of 6 in 1984 and has performed  for over three decades. Early life
<mask> was born in Rudrapatna, India to Hemalatha and Subramanyam. His forefathers belong to Tirunelveli dist of Tamil Nadu.He was trained in Carnatic music by his father, Palghat K.V. Narayanaswami, and Hindustani music under Pandit Jasraj. <mask> is married to Shirisha, a Bharatanatyam dancer. He had no Gurus for Flute playing and was self taught. <mask> and Shirisha have a daughter Swara and son Samvit and live in Chennai, India. Performing career
Shashank performed in public for the first time in 1984 at the age of six. <mask> began performing at the top circuit in 1990 with major performances in Adelaide, Australia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and in Singapore followed by his major performance at Shastri hall in December 1990.His career-defining moment came when the Music Academy invited Shashank, just 12 years old, to perform in the senior most performance slot "SADAS concert" at The Music Academy, Chennai 1 January 1991. Shashank has worked extensively presenting collaborative performances with host of musicians from India and around the world including John McLaughlin, Paco de Lucia, Wuppertal and Shanxi Symphony Orchestras, The New Jungle Orchestra, Mikkel Nordso, Terry Riley, Ustad Shahid Parvez, Zakir Hussain, Ustad Sultan Khan, Pandit Vishwa Mohan Bhatt, Ronu Mazumdar, Ustad Shujaat Khan, and Debu Choudhury. Shashank performs in a wide range of concert environments from the pure Indian classical, Symphonies, Jazz, Films and crossover projects. He has led many ensembles and also has been a guest artist

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Shashank Subramanyam
Shashank
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title: Shashank Subramanyam

texts:
 on many famed bands like Remember Shakti, New Jungle Orchestra, Blue Lotus, etc. The BBC World TV did a documentary on Shashank titled Destination Music in 2006 and the CNN international TV featured Shashank's performance and interview  as part of the Travel Logue India show. Shashank has performed and taught in prestigious institutions in India and over 50 countries around the world. Awards and Honours

•	Grammy Nomination for the CD album with Guitarist John McLaughlin for the year 2009.•	Sangeet Natak Akademi’s senior award of Govt of India for the year 2017 bestowed by Hon. President of India. •	<mask> has over 75 CDs and several DVDs to his credit. •	“A Top” ranking in the All India Radio and TV. •	“Kalaimamani” from the Government of Tamil Nadu for the year 2001. •	“Kuzhal Arasar” in 2003 from the prestigious Kellogg School of Management, Chicago. •	“Proclamation to the city” award by Cities of Tulsa and Memphis, USA.•	Rotary Club awards of excellence 1995 and 1997. •	Asthana Vidwan of Sringeri bestowed Jagadguru Shankaracharya of Sringeri in the year 2000. •	Direct A grade ranking at his age of 14 in 1993 in the All India Radio and TV. Style and Contribution
Specialized in Carnatic classical music and trained in Hindustani Classical music as well, he incorporates patterns of improvisation from both systems of Music from India and uses a range of flutes to cover octaves that are not supported by the traditional Carnatic flute. <mask> is known for his intricate (Improvisations), melodious keerthana ( composition) renderings and pulsating kalpanaswaram (Faster and rhythmic improvisations). His concerts generally include a Ragam Tanam Pallavi as a central piece, normally composed by <mask> himself. Several valuable contributions to the field of Flute playing including the following.• Introduced and furthered the revolutionary Multi Flute Fingering technique in Carnatic Music performances that have inspired scores of Flute players and Musicians from India and around the world. • Shashank style of Flute playing

masks: Shashank Shashank Shashank


title: Orono Por Muang Ubon

texts:
<mask>bon (; born January 14, 1973 in Ubon Ratchathani) is a Thai former Muay Thai fighter. Biography and career

<mask> started Muay Thai at 10 in the Kiatkamchai camp. At 15 he joined the Por Muang Ubon gym in his native Ubon Ratchathani Province to start his Bangkok career, training alongside other notable fighters such as Nungubon Sitlerchai and Nuengtrakarn Por <mask>bon. His ring name was given to him by a trainer who thought he had a similar face as the boxing champion <mask> who came to compete for a world title in Thailand in 1983 and 1985. <mask> rapidly made a name for himself in Bangkok, fighting for the Songchai promotion. He was recognized for his southpaw style and ability to endure punishment. This style led him to put on very entertaining fights, some of them awarded "Fight of the Year" by Muay Thai institutions such as the Lumpinee Stadium or the Sports Writer Association of Thailand.The latter also designated him as "Fighter of the year" in 1994. In the early 2010s <mask> became

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Orono Por Muang U
Orono
Muang U
Rafael Orono
Orono
Orono


title: Rached Ghannouchi

texts:
<mask> (; born 22 June 1941), also spelled Rachid al-<mask> or <mask>-<mask>, is a  Tunisian politician and is a  thinker, co-founder of the Ennahdha Party and serving as its intellectual leader. He was born Rashad Khriji (). <mask> was named one of Time's 100 Most Influential People in the World in 2012 and Foreign Policy's Top 100 Global Thinkers and was awarded the Chatham House Prize in 2012 (alongside Tunisian President Moncef Marzouki) by Prince Andrew, Duke of York, for "the successful compromises each achieved during Tunisia's democratic transition". In 2016 he received the Jamnalal Bajaj Award for "promoting Gandhian values outside India". On 13 November 2019, <mask> was elected Speaker of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People. <mask> narrowly survived a vote of no confidence after 97 MPs voted against him on 30 July 2020, falling short of 109 needed to oust him as Speaker of the House. Early life

<mask> was born outside El Hamma, in the governorate of Gabès in southern Tunisia.His village had no electricity or paved roads. His father was a poor farmer with children including <mask>. His family worked in the fields every day, and had meat to eat only a few times a year. After the ground season had ended, the family wove baskets from palm leaves to supplement its income. <mask> was able to attend a local branch of the traditional Arabic-language Zaytouna school thanks to financial help from an older brother. He received his certificate of attainment degree, equivalent to the Baccalauréat, in 1962 from the University of Ez-Zitouna (Zaytouna). He entered the school of agriculture at Cairo University in 1964 but, following the expulsion of Tunisians from Egypt, he left for

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Ghannouchi
Rached el
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title: Rached Ghannouchi

texts:
 Syria.He studied philosophy at the University of Damascus, graduating in 1968. <mask> also spent some time in his 20s traveling and working in Europe as a grape picker and dish washer. Islamic Tendency Movement
In April 1981 <mask> founded the Islamic Tendency Movement ( ). The Movement described itself as specifically rooted in non-violent Islamism, and called for a "reconstruction of economic life on a more equitable basis, the end of single-party politics and the acceptance of political pluralism and democracy." By the end of July, <mask> and his followers were arrested, sentenced to eleven years in prison in Bizerte, and were tortured. Both the religious and secular community, including numerous secular political organizations, rallied in his support. While in prison he translated a number of works and wrote on topics such as democracy, women's rights, and Palestine.He also wrote his most noted work, Al‐Hurriyat al‐'Ammah (Public Liberties). He was released in 1984, but returned to prison in 1987 with a life sentence, then was again released in 1988. He moved to the United Kingdom as a political exile, where he lived for 22 years. He attended The Islamic Committee for Palestine conference in Chicago in 1989. Following the 1990 invasion of Kuwait, Al-Ghannushi denounced King Fahd of Saudi Arabia for the "colossal crime" of inviting the U.S. to deploy forces. He also called for a Muslim boycott of American goods, planes and ships. He has also been criticized for calling for jihad against Israel.<mask> continued to criticise Tunisian politics and the regime of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. Tunisian Revolution and after

Following popular unrest in which Ben Ali was ousted, <mask> returned

masks: Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi


title: Rached Ghannouchi

texts: to Tunisia on 30 January 2011, after spending twenty two years exiled in London,  with thousands of people welcoming him. His party won  37.04% of the vote (more than the next four biggest vote-getting parties combined) in the 2011 Tunisian Constituent Assembly election. <mask> did not take a government position. Ennahdha's secretary-general Hamadi Jebali became Prime Minister. Ennahda formed a government which led Tunisia through the challenging and tumultuous aftermath of the Jasmine revolution. The government during this period was characterized by greater transparency, lack of corruption, and consensus-building.In March 2012, Ennahda declared it would not support making sharia the main source of legislation in the new constitution, maintaining the secular nature of the state. Ennahda's stance on the issue was criticized by hardline Islamists, who wanted strict sharia, but was welcomed by secular parties. The government was criticized for mediocre economic performance, not stimulating the tourism industry, and poor relations with Tunisia's biggest trading partner France. In particular it was criticized for tolerating efforts at aggressive Islamisation by radical Islamists who were demanding Sharia law and denouncing gender inequality and restrictions on polygamy, some of whom were responsible for the September 2012 ransacking and burning of the American embassy and school following the assassination of two leftist politicians Chokri Belaid (in February 2013) and Mohamed Brahmi (in July 2013). During this 2013–14 Tunisian political crisis enraged secularists demanded the government step down or even a Sisi-style coup, while Ennahda militants defiantly opposed early elections, even booing


title: Rached Ghannouchi

texts:
 <mask>'s calls for sacrifice for national unity. Nonetheless Ghanouchi worked with secularist leader Beji Caid Essebsi to forge a compromise and on October 5 signed a "road map" whereby Ennahda would step down for a caretaker government after the new constitution was agreed upon and until new elections were held. Both leaders were heavily criticized by their party rank and file and <mask> received agreement from the Ennahda shura council only by threatening to resign.In January 2014, after the new Tunisian Constitution was approved, Ennahdha peacefully quit government and handed power to a technocratic government led by Mehdi Jomaa. Ennahda placed second in the October 2014 parliamentary election with 27.79% of the popular vote and formed a coalition government with the larger secularist party Nidaa Tounes despite rank-and-file opposition. Ennahda did not put forth a presidential candidate for the November 2014 election. Ghanouchi "hinted broadly" that he personally supported Beji Caid Essebsi (who won with over 55% of the vote). <mask> argued for these accommodating measures against more purist party members on the grounds that the country was still too fragile, and the economy too much in need of reform, for Ennahda to be in opposition. <mask> also gave his support to a crackdown on jihadi indoctrination at radical mosques (over 60 civilians, mostly tourists, were killed in 2015 by jihadis, devastating Tunisia's tourist industry). Despite his Islamist background, he had always been "reviled" by jihadis, according to Robert Worth, and now appeared near "the top" of the jihadi "wanted list".The Economist apology in 2011
On 22 October 2011, The Economist published an apology on their website for

masks: Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi


title: Rached Ghannouchi

texts:
 previously publishing an article in which they attributed false statements to <mask>. The article claimed that <mask> "opposes the country's liberal code of individual rights, the Code of Personal Status, and its prohibition of polygamy". The article, also, claimed that <mask> "has threatened to hang a prominent Tunisian feminist, Raja bin Salama, in Basij Square in Tunis, because she has called for the country's new laws to be based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights". The apology stated that "we accept that neither of these statements is true: Mr <mask> has expressly said that he accepts the Code of Personal Status; and he never threatened to hang Ms bin Salama. We apologise to him unreservedly." The Independent apology in 2012
On 9 October 2012, The Independent published an apology on their website for suggesting, in a previous article, that the party <mask> leads, Ennahdha (An Nahda) has been offered foreign funds. The apology stated: "we wish to make it clear that Mr <mask> and his party have not accepted any donation from a foreign state in breach of Tunisian party funding laws.We apologise to Mr Ghannouchi." BBC apology in 2013
On 17 May 2013, the BBC published an apology on their website for previously publishing inaccurate statements about Ghannouchi six months earlier on 21 November 2012. The article had accused <mask> of threatening to order troops on to the streets if the Ennahdha Party did not get the results he expected in the elections in 2011, and suggested he condoned the violent Salafist attack on the United States embassy and the burning of the American School in Tunis in September 2012. Acknowledging that none of these accusations and suggestions were in fact true,

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title: Rached Ghannouchi

texts:
 the retraction concluded: "The BBC apologises to Mr <mask> for these mistakes and for the distress they caused him." Libel case in 2020
In 2020, the UK High Court ruled in favour of <mask>, in a libel case against Middle East Online and its editor Haitham El Zobaidi. The Middle East Online (MEO) and one of its editors had claimed that Ennahda "supported terrorism", a charge <mask> "vigorously denied". According to Ahmed Yusuf, the article was part of a ""a systematic campaign" against Ghannouchi from media backed by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Egypt."Views and background
<mask>'s willingness to compromise with secularists in Tunisia and his country's unique success in maintaining a democratic system following the Arab Spring has been credited by at least one observer (Robert Worth) to his background. Unlike many Islamists, <mask> "lived abroad for decades, reading widely in three languages", including Western thinkers Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud and Jean-Paul Sartre. He admired the courage of leftists who protested in the streets against the dictatorship, were arrested and tortured in prison, and became willing to work with them. Watching the initial victory of the Algerian Islamists—while exiled in London—collapse into the slaughter, mayhem and defeat of the civil war, left a deep impact. According to Azzam S. Tamimi, he was influenced by Malik Bennabi and his treatise "Islam and Democracy", which laid "the foundations" for <mask>'s "masterpiece" Al‐Hurriyat al‐'Ammah (Public Liberties). In 2002, an unsympathetic Western source (Martin Kramer) described him as differing "from other Islamists" in his insistence "that Islam accepts multi-party democracy." In 2015, he told

masks: Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi Ghannouchi


title: Rached Ghannouchi

texts:
 French journalist Olivier Ravanello that homosexuality should not be criminalized, though he opposed gay marriage.He has been interviewed by Michael Moore in Where to Invade Next and stated that homosexuality is a "private affair." Personal life
On 13 July 2021, the official TAP news agency reported that <mask>, already vaccinated tested positive for COVID-19. On 1 August, he was discharged a few hours after he was readmitted to a


title: John Singer Sargent

texts:
<mask> (; January 12, 1856 – April 14, 1925) was an American expatriate artist, considered the "leading portrait painter of his generation" for his evocations of Edwardian-era luxury. He created roughly 900 oil paintings and more than 2,000 watercolors, as well as countless sketches and charcoal drawings. His oeuvre documents worldwide travel, from Venice to the Tyrol, Corfu, the Middle East, Montana, Maine, and Florida. Born in Florence to American parents, he was trained in Paris before moving to London, living most of his life in Europe. He enjoyed international acclaim as a portrait painter. An early submission to the Paris Salon in the 1880s, his Portrait of Madame X, was intended to consolidate his position as a society painter in Paris, but instead resulted in scandal. During the next year following the scandal, <mask> departed for England where he continued a successful career as a portrait artist.From the beginning, <mask>'s work is characterized by remarkable technical facility, particularly in his ability to draw with a brush, which in later years inspired admiration as well as criticism for a supposed superficiality. His commissioned works were consistent with the grand manner of portraiture, while his informal studies and landscape paintings displayed a familiarity with Impressionism. In later life <mask> expressed ambivalence about the restrictions of formal portrait work, and devoted much of his energy to mural painting and working en plein air. Art historians generally ignored artists  who painted  Royalty and "Society"  –  such as <mask>  – until the late 20th century. Early life
<mask> is a descendant of

masks:
John Singer Sargent
Sargent
Sargent
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title: John Singer Sargent

texts: Epes <mask>, a colonial military leader and jurist. Before <mask> <mask>'s birth, his father, FitzWilliam (b. 1820 Gloucester, Massachusetts), was an eye surgeon at the Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia 1844–1854.After <mask>'s older sister died at the age of two, his mother, Mary Newbold <mask> (née <mask>, 1826–1906), suffered a breakdown, and the couple decided to go abroad to recover. They remained nomadic expatriates for the rest of their lives. Although based in Paris, <mask>'s parents moved regularly with the seasons to the sea and the mountain resorts in France, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. While Mary was pregnant, they stopped in Florence, Tuscany, because of a cholera epidemic. <mask> was born there in 1856. A year later, his sister Mary was born. After her birth, FitzWilliam reluctantly resigned his post in Philadelphia and accepted his wife's request to remain abroad.They lived modestly on a small inheritance and savings, leading a quiet life with their children. They generally avoided society and other Americans except for friends in the art world. Four more children were born abroad, of whom only two lived past childhood. Although his father was a patient teacher of basic subjects, young <mask> was a rambunctious child, more interested in outdoor activities than his studies. As his father wrote home, "He is quite a close observer of animated nature." His mother was convinced that traveling around Europe, and visiting museums and churches, would give young <mask> a satisfactory education. Several attempts to have him formally schooled failed, owing mostly to their itinerant life.His mother was a capable

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Sargent
John
Singer
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title: John Singer Sargent

texts:
 amateur artist and his father was a skilled medical illustrator. Early on, she gave him sketchbooks and encouraged drawing excursions. <mask> worked on his drawings, and he enthusiastically copied images from The Illustrated London News of ships and made detailed sketches of landscapes. FitzWilliam had hoped that his son's interest in ships and the sea might lead him toward a naval career. At thirteen, his mother reported that <mask> "sketches quite nicely, & has a remarkably quick and correct eye. If we could afford to give him really good lessons, he would soon be quite a little artist." At the age of thirteen, he received some watercolor lessons from Carl Welsch, a German landscape painter.Although his education was far from complete, <mask> grew up to be a highly literate and cosmopolitan young man, accomplished in art, music, and literature. He was fluent in English, French, Italian, and German. At seventeen, <mask> was described as "willful, curious, determined and strong" (after his mother) yet shy, generous, and modest (after his father). He was well-acquainted with many of the great masters from first hand observation, as he wrote in 1874, "I have learned in Venice to admire Tintoretto immensely and to consider him perhaps second only to Michelangelo and Titian." Training

An attempt to study at the Academy of Florence failed, as the school was re-organizing at the time. After returning to Paris from Florence <mask> began his art studies with the young French portraitist Carolus-Duran. Following a meteoric rise, the artist was noted for his bold technique and modern teaching methods; his influence would be pivotal

masks: Sargent John Sargent Sargent Sargent


title: John Singer Sargent

texts: to <mask> during the period from 1874 to 1878.In 1874 <mask> passed on his first attempt the rigorous exam required to gain admission to the École des Beaux-Arts, the premier art school in France. He took drawing classes, which included anatomy and perspective, and gained a silver prize. He also spent much time in self-study, drawing in museums and painting in a studio he shared with James Carroll Beckwith. He became both a valuable friend and <mask>'s primary connection with the American artists abroad. <mask> also took some lessons from Léon Bonnat. Carolus-Duran's atelier was progressive, dispensing with the traditional academic approach, which required careful drawing and underpainting, in favor of the alla prima method of working directly on the canvas with a loaded brush, derived from Diego Velázquez. It was an approach that relied on the proper placement of tones of paint.This approach also permitted spontaneous flourishes of color not bound to an under-drawing. It was markedly different from the traditional atelier of Jean-Léon Gérôme, where Americans Thomas Eakins and Julian Alden Weir had studied. <mask> was the star student in short order. Weir met <mask> in 1874 and noted that <mask> was "one of the most talented fellows I have ever come across; his drawings are like the old masters, and his color is equally fine." <mask>'s excellent command of French and his superior talent made him both popular and admired. Through his friendship with Paul César Helleu, <mask> would meet giants of the art world, including Degas, Rodin, Monet, and Whistler. <mask>'s early enthusiasm was for landscapes, not portraiture, as

masks: Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent


title: John Singer Sargent

texts:
 evidenced by his voluminous sketches full of mountains, seascapes, and buildings.Carolus-Duran's expertise in portraiture finally influenced <mask> in that direction. Commissions for history paintings were still considered more prestigious, but were much harder to get. Portrait painting, on the other hand, was the best way of promoting an art career, getting exhibited in the Salon, and gaining commissions to earn a livelihood. <mask>'s first major portrait was of his friend Fanny Watts in 1877, and was also his first Salon admission. Its particularly well-executed pose drew attention. His second salon entry was the Oyster Gatherers of Cançale, an impressionistic painting of which he made two copies, one of which he sent back to the United States, and both received warm reviews. Early career

In 1879, at the age of 23, <mask> painted a portrait of teacher Carolus-Duran; the virtuoso effort met with public approval and announced the direction his mature work would take.Its showing at the Paris Salon was both a tribute to his teacher and an advertisement for portrait commissions. Of <mask>'s early work, Henry James wrote that the artist offered "the slightly 'uncanny' spectacle of a talent which on the very threshold of its career has nothing more to learn." After leaving Carolus-Duran's atelier, <mask> visited Spain. There he studied the paintings of Velázquez with a passion, absorbing the master's technique, and in his travels gathered ideas for future works. He was entranced with Spanish music and dance. The trip also re-awakened his own talent for music (which was nearly equal to his artistic talent), and which found

masks: Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent


title: John Singer Sargent

texts:
 visual expression in his early masterpiece El Jaleo (1882). Music would continue to play a major part in his social life as well, as he was a skillful accompanist of both amateur and professional musicians.<mask> became a strong advocate for modern composers, especially Gabriel Fauré. Trips to Italy provided sketches and ideas for several Venetian street scenes genre paintings, which effectively captured gestures and postures he would find useful in later portraiture. Upon his return to Paris, <mask> quickly received several portrait commissions. His career was launched. He immediately demonstrated the concentration and stamina that enabled him to paint with workman-like steadiness for the next twenty-five years. He filled in the gaps between commissions with many non-commissioned portraits of friends and colleagues. His fine manners, perfect French, and great skill made him a standout among the newer portraitists, and his fame quickly spread.He confidently set high prices and turned down unsatisfactory sitters. He mentored his friend Emil Fuchs who was learning to paint portraits in oils. Works

Portraits

Nineteenth-century portraits

In the early 1880s, <mask> regularly exhibited portraits at the Salon, and these were mostly full-length portrayals of women, such as Madame Edouard Pailleron (1880) (done en plein-air) and Madame Ramón Subercaseaux (1881). He continued to receive positive critical notice. <mask>'s best portraits reveal the individuality and personality of the sitters; his most ardent admirers think he is matched in this only by Velázquez, who was one of <mask>'s great influences. The Spanish master's spell


title: John Singer Sargent

texts:
 is apparent in <mask>'s The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit, 1882, a haunting interior that echoes Velázquez's Las Meninas. As in many of his early portraits, <mask> confidently tries different approaches with each new challenge, here employing both unusual composition and lighting to striking effect.One of his most widely exhibited and best loved works of the 1880s was The Lady with the Rose (1882), a portrait of Charlotte Burckhardt, a close friend and possible romantic attachment. His most controversial work, Portrait of Madame X (Madame Pierre Gautreau) (1884) is now considered one of his best works, and was the artist's personal favorite; he stated in 1915, "I suppose it is the best thing I have done." When unveiled in Paris at the 1884 Salon, it aroused such a negative reaction that it likely prompted <mask>'s move to London. <mask>'s self-confidence had led him to attempt a risque experiment in portraiture—but this time it unexpectedly backfired. The painting was not commissioned by her and he pursued her for the opportunity, quite unlike most of his portrait work where clients sought him out. <mask> wrote to a common acquaintance:

It took well over a year to complete the painting. The first version of the portrait of Madame Gautreau, with the famously plunging neckline, white-powdered skin, and arrogantly cocked head, featured an intentionally suggestive off-the-shoulder dress strap, on her right side only, which made the overall effect more daring and sensual.<mask> repainted the strap to its expected over-the-shoulder position to try to dampen the furor, but the damage had been done. French commissions dried up

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title: John Singer Sargent

texts:
 and he told his friend Edmund Gosse in 1885 that he contemplated giving up painting for music or business. Writing of the reaction of visitors, Judith Gautier observed:

Prior to the Madame X scandal of 1884, <mask> had painted exotic beauties such as Rosina Ferrara of Capri, and the Spanish expatriate model Carmela Bertagna, but the earlier pictures had not been intended for broad public reception. <mask> kept the painting prominently displayed in his London studio until he sold it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1916 after moving to the United States, and a few months after Gautreau's death. Before arriving in England, <mask> began sending paintings for exhibition at the Royal Academy. These included the portraits of Dr. Pozzi at Home (1881), a flamboyant essay in red and his first full-length male portrait, and the more traditional Mrs. Henry White (1883). The ensuing portrait commissions encouraged <mask> to complete his move to London in 1886.Notwithstanding the Madame X scandal, he had considered moving to London as early as 1882; he had been urged to do so repeatedly by his new friend, the novelist Henry James. In retrospect his transfer to London may be seen to have been inevitable. English critics were not warm at first, faulting <mask> for his "clever" "Frenchified" handling of paint. One reviewer seeing his portrait of Mrs. Henry White described his technique as "hard" and "almost metallic" with "no taste in expression, air, or modeling." With help from Mrs. White, however, <mask> soon gained the admiration of English patrons and critics. Henry James also gave the artist "a push to the best of my ability."


title: John Singer Sargent

texts: <mask> spent much time painting outdoors in the English countryside when not in his studio.On a visit to Monet at Giverny in 1885, <mask> painted one of his most Impressionistic portraits, of Monet at work painting outdoors with his new bride nearby. <mask> is usually not thought of as an Impressionist painter, but he sometimes used impressionistic techniques to great effect. His Claude Monet Painting at the Edge of a Wood is rendered in his own version of the Impressionist style. In the 1880s, he attended the Impressionist exhibitions and he began to paint outdoors in the plein-air manner after that visit to Monet. <mask> purchased four Monet works for his personal collection during that time. <mask> was similarly inspired to do a portrait of his artist friend Paul César Helleu, also painting outdoors with his wife by his side. A photograph very similar to the painting suggests that <mask> occasionally used photography as an aid to composition.Through Helleu, <mask> met and painted the famed French sculptor Auguste Rodin in 1884, a rather somber portrait reminiscent of works by Thomas Eakins. Although the British critics classified <mask> in the Impressionist camp, the French Impressionists thought otherwise. As Monet later stated, "He is not an Impressionist in the sense that we use the word, he is too much under the influence of Carolus-Duran." <mask>'s first major success at the Royal Academy came in 1887, with the enthusiastic response to Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose, a large piece, painted on site, of two young girls lighting lanterns in an English garden in Broadway in the Cotswolds. The painting was immediately

masks: Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent Sargent