title: Sylvio de Vasconcellos

texts:
 of being imprisoned again, <mask> felt that he was forced to leave Brazil. His 14 years of exile began in May 1965, when he traveled to France. After six months in Paris, he moved on to Lisbon, Portugal, for a number of months and then briefly returned to Brazil in 1966. However, soon after his arrival, circumstances almost immediately obliged him to leave the country again. After 18 months in Chile, having been assured that he was protected under a writ of habeas corpus and could resume his activities with IPHAN and the UFMG School of Architecture, he returned to Brazil once more in 1968. But not for long. In December of that year, the military government issued its most punitive decree, Institutional Act No.5. This order suspended habeas corpus for crimes of political motivation and imposed a series of additional restrictive measures, leaving <mask> more vulnerable than ever. In December 1969, he was forcibly “retired” from his academic position. On March 31, 1970, he left Brazil for the last time. After his assignment with the OAS in Mexico in 1971–1972, he settled in Washington, D.C., where he remained until his death. Brasil Borges)
2004 – Arquitetura, Arte e Cidade [Architecture, Art, and City] (ed. Celina Borges Lemos)

Publications about his life and Work

2008 – Borges Brasileiro, Vanessa.<mask> <mask>ncellos: um arquiteto para além da forma [<mask> <mask>ncellos: an architect beyond form]
2020 – Vasconcellos, Muriel. Sylvio & me: An encounter in exile / Sylvio e eu: um encontro no exílio
2020 – Vasconcellos, <mask> <mask>. As memórias de Sylvio <mask>ncellos, 1936–1957. [Translation: Memoir of <mask> <mask>, 1936–1957] (in press, Editora UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil)

References

Brazilian architects

1916

masks:
Sylvio
Sylvio
Sylvio
de Vasco
Sylvio
de Vasco
Sylvio
de
de Vasco
Sylvio
de Vascos


title: Semih Erden

type: original

texts:
<mask> (born July 28, 1986) is a Turkish professional basketball player for Pınar Karşıyaka of the Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL). Standing at , he plays at the center position. Professional career

Early years
<mask> played with Darüşşafaka in the Turkish Basketball League in 2003-04 season, appeared in one game in which he recorded one point and two rebounds. He spent the majority of the season playing with the Darüşşafaka junior team. Next season, <mask> played with Partizan Belgrade in the Adriatic League and averaged 4.6 points and 3.2 rebounds. He scored in double figures twice, tallying a high of 17 points against KK Hemofarm. He contributed 3.0 points and 2.3 rebounds per game in 12.5 minutes a contest in the EuroLeague.His highest scoring game of 10 points occurred against Efes Pilsen. In 2004–05, he also appeared in seven Yugoslav Basketball League games, averaging 1.7 points and 0.7 rebounds in 4.4 minutes a contest. Fenerbahçe
In 2005, he signed with Fenerbahçe of the Turkish Basketball League. <mask> averaged 6.5 points and 5.4 rebounds in 18.4

masks:
Semih Erden
Erden
Erden
Erden


title: Semih Erden

texts:
 minutes a contest. He had a high of 14 points at Fenerbahçe and scored in double figures seven times. He also contributed 3.4 points and 2.2 rebounds in 9.1 minutes a contest in nine Euroleague games. In his second season with Fenerbahçe, <mask> played 16.1 minutes a game, averaged 6.4 points and 3.8 rebounds in Turkish League play, registering a high of 10 points against Galatasaray Café Crown.In the Euroleague, Semih added 4.5 points and 3.1 rebounds in 13.8 minutes per match. In third season <mask> averaged 7.1 points and 4.7 rebounds in 19.5 minutes a game in Turkish League play, scoring in double figures six times with a high of 15 points against CASA TED Kolejliler. During the season though, he missed a number of games due to a knee injury. In the Euroleague, he added 6.7 points and 4.3 rebounds in 19.3 minutes a contest, scored in double figures three times and posting high of 15 points against Panathinaikos Athens. NBA
<mask> was selected by the Boston Celtics with the 60th pick in the 2008 NBA draft. <mask> was still under a one-year contract

masks: Erden Erden Erden Erden


title: Semih Erden

texts:
 with Fenerbahçe and did not join the roster in 2008–09. He was seen by Celtics general manager Danny Ainge as their first-round pick in 2009.On July 5, 2010, Celtics signed <mask> to a one-year minimum contract with a team option for 2011–12. With Boston centers Shaquille O'Neal, Kendrick Perkins and Jermaine O'Neal out with injuries, <mask> earned his first career start on December 9, 2010 against the Philadelphia 76ers. He scored 8 points in 18 minutes in a 102–101 victory. Two nights later, <mask> started for the second time in a 93–62 victory over the Charlotte Bobcats. In that game Erden played a game-high 41 minutes recording 10 points, 7 rebounds, 4 blocked shots and a plus/minus rating of +34. On February 24, 2011, <mask> was traded to the Cleveland Cavaliers along with teammate Luke Harangody in exchange for a second-round draft pick. On June 30, 2012, the Cavaliers extended a qualifying offer to Erden, thus making him a restricted free agent.Return to Europe
On September 21, 2011, <mask> signed with the Turkish club Beşiktaş until the end of the

masks: Erden Erden Erden Erden Erden


title: Semih Erden

texts: 2011 NBA lockout. He played alongside New Jersey Nets All-Star Deron Williams. On November 22, 2011, <mask> suffered a broken finger in a Eurochallenge game. On July 3, 2012, he signed a two-year contract with Anadolu Efes. On May 26, 2014, he parted ways with Efes. On August 1, 2014, he returned to Fenerbahçe signing a one-year deal. In 2014–15 season, Fenerbahçe advanced to the Euroleague Final Four for the first time in team's history.On May 15, 2015, however, they lost in the semifinal game to Real Madrid with 87–96. In August 2015, <mask> signed a one-year deal with his former club Darüşşafaka. On August 26, 2016, he re-signed with Darüşşafaka. On February 6, 2017, he was waived by Darüşşafaka. On October 6, 2017, <mask> signed a temporary contract with ABEL team Hacettepe Üniversitesi GSK in order to keep him able to sign a loan deal in BSL. On October 26, 2017, he signed a 1+1 deal with Beşiktaş. On October 2, 2018, <mask> signed a one-year contract with BSL side İstanbul BŞB.On August 20, 2019, he has signed with 2-year deal with Pınar Karşıyaka


title: Semih Erden

texts:
 of the Turkish Basketball Super League. <mask> averaged over 8 points and 4 rebounds in EuroCup in the 2019-20 season. On August 12, 2020, he extended his contract until 2022. Career statistics

NBA

Regular season

|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Boston
| 37 || 7 || 14.4 || .598 || .000 || .630 || 2.9 || .5 || .4 || .6 || 4.1
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Cleveland
| 4 || 1 || 16.0 || .286 || .000 || .833 || 2.8 || .3 || .5 || .8 || 3.3
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Cleveland
| 28 || 9 || 11.9 || .527 || .000 || .512 || 2.6 || .3 || .4 || .2 || 3.5
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 69 || 17 || 13.4 || .546 || .000 || .594 || 2.8 || .4 || .4 || .4 || 3.8

National team career
<mask> is a regular player on the Turkish national team. His first international experience came in the 2005 U20 European Championships held in Moscow. He averaged 10.4 points and 8.0 rebounds in seven games for Turkey. In the 2006 U20 European Championships, held in Izmir, Turkey, Erden helped lead Turkey to

masks: Erden Erden


title: Semih Erden

texts:
 a silver medal, averaging 5.4 points and 3.4 rebounds in eight games.In the same year, he earned a spot on the Turkish team for the 2006 World Championship in Japan. He contributed 2.2 points and 2.3 rebounds a game. In the 2007 European Championship in Spain, <mask> averaged 1.0 points and 1.0 rebounds in his five games. Personal life
Some of <mask>'s ancestors are of Bosniak origin. See also
List of European basketball players in the United States

References

External links

<mask> <mask> at draftexpress.com
<mask> <mask> at eurobasket.com
<mask> <mask> at euroleague.net
<mask> <mask> at tblstat.net
<mask> <mask> at fiba.com

1986 births
Living people
ABA League players
Anadolu Efes S.K. players
Beşiktaş men's basketball players
Boston Celtics draft picks
Boston Celtics players
Centers (basketball)
Cleveland Cavaliers players
Darüşşafaka Basketbol players
Fenerbahçe men's basketball players
İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyespor basketball players
Karşıyaka basketball players
KK Partizan players
National Basketball Association players from

masks: Erden Erden Semih Erden Semih Erden Semih Erden Semih Erden Semih Erden


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
<mask> (29 March 1912 – 24 August 1979) was a German aviator and test pilot. Along with Melitta von Stauffenberg, she flight tested many of Germany's new aircraft during World War II and received many honors. <mask> was among the very last people to meet Adolf Hitler alive in the  in late April 1945. <mask> set more than 40 flight altitude records and women's endurance records in gliding and unpowered flight, before and after World War II. In the 1960s, she was sponsored by the West German foreign office as a technical adviser in Ghana and elsewhere, and founded a gliding school in Ghana, where she worked for Kwame Nkrumah. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Hirschberg, Silesia, on 29 March 1912 to an upper-middle-class family. She was daughter of Dr. Wilhelm (Willy<mask>, who was an ophthalmology clinic manager, and his wife Emy Helff-Hibler von Alpenheim, who was a member of the Austrian nobility.Despite her mother being a devout Catholic, <mask> was raised a Protestant. She had two siblings, her brother Kurt, a Frigate captain, and her younger sister Heidi. <mask> began flight training in 1932 at the School of Gliding in Grunau. While a medical student in Berlin she enrolled in a German Air Mail amateur flying school for powered aircraft at Staaken, training in a Klemm Kl 25. Career

1933–1937
In 1933, <mask> left medical school at the University of Kiel to become, at the invitation of Wolf Hirth, a full-time glider pilot/instructor at Hornberg in Baden-Württemberg. <mask> contracted with the Ufa Film Company as a stunt pilot and set an unofficial endurance record for women of eleven hours and twenty minutes. In January

masks:
Hanna Reitsch
Reitsch
Reitsch
Reitsch
) Reitsch
Hanna
Reitsch
Reitsch
Reitsch


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
 1934, she joined a South America expedition to study thermal conditions, along with Wolf Hirth, Peter Riedel and Heini Dittmar.While in Argentina, she became the first woman to earn the Silver C Badge, the 25th to do so among world glider pilots. In June 1934, <mask> became a member of the Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Segelflug (DFS) and became a test pilot in 1935. Reitsch enrolled in the Civil Airways Training School in Stettin, where she flew a twin-engine on a cross country flight and aerobatics in a Focke-Wulf Fw 44. In 1937, Ernst Udet gave <mask> the honorary title of  after she had successfully tested Hans Jacobs' divebrakes for gliders. At the DFS she test flew transport and troop-carrying gliders, including the DFS 230 used at the Battle of Fort Eben-Emael. 1937–1945

In September 1937, <mask> was posted to the Luftwaffe testing centre at Rechlin-Lärz Airfield by Ernst Udet. Her flying skill, desire for publicity, and photogenic qualities made her a star of Nazi propaganda.Physically she was petite in stature, very slender with blonde hair, blue eyes and a "ready smile". She appeared in Nazi propaganda throughout the late 1930s and early 1940s. <mask> was the first female helicopter pilot and one of the few pilots to fly the Focke-Achgelis Fa 61, the first fully controllable helicopter, for which she received the Military Flying Medal. In 1938, during the three weeks of the International Automobile Exhibition in Berlin, she made daily flights of the Fa 61 helicopter inside the . In September 1938, <mask> flew the DFS Habicht in the Cleveland National Air Races. <mask> was a test pilot on the Junkers Ju 87  dive bomber

masks: Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
 and Dornier Do 17 light/fast bomber projects, for which she received the Iron Cross, Second Class, from Hitler on 28 March 1941. <mask> was asked to fly many of Germany's latest designs, among them the rocket-propelled Messerschmitt Me 163  in 1942.A crash landing on her fifth Me 163 flight badly injured <mask>; she spent five months in a hospital recovering. <mask> received the Iron Cross First Class following the accident, one of only three women to do so. In February 1943 after news of the defeat in the Battle of Stalingrad she accepted an invitation from Generaloberst Robert Ritter von Greim to visit the Eastern Front. She spent three weeks visiting Luftwaffe units, flying a Fieseler Fi 156 Storch. V-1, 1944
On 28 February 1944, she presented the idea of Operation Suicide to Hitler at Berchtesgaden, which "would require men who were ready to sacrifice themselves in the conviction that only by this means could their country be saved." Although Hitler "did not consider the war situation sufficiently serious to warrant them ... and ... this was not the right psychological moment", he gave his approval. The project was assigned to Gen. Günther Korten.There were about seventy volunteers who enrolled in the Suicide Group as pilots for the human glider-bomb. By April 1944, <mask> and Heinz Kensche finished tests of the Me 328, carried aloft by a Dornier Do 217. By then, she was approached by SS- Otto Skorzeny, a founding member of the  (Leonidas Squadron). They adapted the V-1 flying bomb into the Fieseler Fi 103R Reichenberg including a two-seater and a single-seater with and without the mechanisms to land. The plan was never

masks: Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
 implemented operationally, "the decisive moment had been missed." In her autobiography  <mask> recalled that after two initial crashes with the Fi 103R she and Heinz Kensche took over tests of the prototype Fi 103R. She made several successful test flights before training the instructors."Though an average pilot could fly the V1 without difficulty once it was in the air, to land it called for exceptional skill, in that it had a very high landing speed and, moreover, in training it was the glider model, without engine, that was usually employed." In October 1944, Reitsch claims she was shown a booklet by Peter Riedel which he'd obtained while in the German Embassy in Stockholm, concerning the gas chambers. She further claims that while believing it to be enemy propaganda, she agreed to inform Heinrich Himmler about it. Upon doing so, Himmler is said to have asked whether she believed it, and she replied, "No, of course not. But you must do something to counter it. You can't let them shoulder this onto Germany." "You are right," Himmler replied.Berlin, 1945

During the last days of the war, Hitler dismissed Hermann Göring as head of the Luftwaffe and appointed von Greim, to replace him. Von Greim and <mask> flew from Gatow Airport into embattled Berlin to meet Hitler in the , arriving on 26 April as the Red Army troops were already in the central area of Berlin. <mask> and von Greim had flown from Rechlin–Lärz Airfield to Gatow Airfield in a Focke Wulf 190, escorted by twelve other Fw 190s from Jagdgeschwader 26 under the command of  Hans Dortenmann. In Berlin, <mask> landed a Fi 156  on an improvised airstrip in the Tiergarten near


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
 the Brandenburg Gate. Hitler gave Reitsch two capsules of poison for herself and von Greim. She accepted the capsule. Shortly after midnight on 29 April, <mask> and von Greim flew out of Berlin in an Arado Ar 96 from the same improvised airstrip.This was the last plane out of Berlin. Von Greim was ordered to get the Luftwaffe to attack the Soviet forces that had just reached Potsdamer Platz and to make sure Heinrich Himmler was punished for his treachery in making unauthorised contact with the Western Allies so as to surrender. Troops of the Soviet 3rd Shock Army, which was fighting its way through the Tiergarten from the north, tried to shoot the plane down fearing that Hitler was escaping in it, but it took off successfully. Capture, 1945
<mask> was soon captured along with von Greim and the two were interviewed together by U.S. military intelligence officers. When asked about being ordered to leave the  on 29 April 1945, <mask> and von Greim reportedly repeated the same answer: "It was the blackest day when we could not die at our Führer's side." <mask> also said: "We should all kneel down in reverence and prayer before the altar of the Fatherland." When the interviewers asked what she meant by "Altar of the Fatherland" she answered, "Why, the Führer's bunker in Berlin ..." She was held for eighteen months.Von Greim killed himself on 24 May 1945. Evacuated from Silesia ahead of the Soviet troops, <mask>'s family took refuge in Salzburg. During  the night of 3 May 1945, after hearing a rumour that all refugees were to be taken back to their original homes in the Soviet occupation zone, <mask>'s father shot and killed her mother


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
 and sister and her sister's three children before killing himself. 1945–1979
After her release <mask> settled in Frankfurt am Main. After the war, German citizens were barred from flying powered aircraft, but within a few years gliding was allowed, which she took up again. In 1952, <mask> won a bronze medal in the World Gliding Championships in Spain; she was the first woman to compete and in 1955 she became German champion. She continued to break records, including the women's altitude record () in 1957 and her first diamond of the Gold-C badge.During the mid-1950s, <mask> was interviewed on film and talked about her wartime flight tests of the Fa 61, Me 262 and Me 163. In 1959, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru invited <mask>, who spoke fluent English, to start a gliding centre, and she flew with him over New Delhi. In 1961, United States President John F. Kennedy invited her to the White House. From 1962 to 1966, she lived in Ghana. The then Ghanaian President, Kwame Nkrumah invited <mask> to Ghana after reading of her work in India. At Afienya she founded the first black African national gliding school, working closely with the government and the armed forces. The West German government supported her as technical adviser.The school was commanded by J.E.S. de Graft-Hayford, with gliders such as the double-seated Schleicher K7, Slingsby T.21 and a Bergfalke, along with a single-seated Schleicher K 8. She gained the FAI Diamond Badge in 1970. The project was evidently of great importance to Nkrumah and has been interpreted as part of a "modernist" development ideology. <mask>'s attitudes to race underwent a change. "Earlier in


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
 my life, it would never have occurred to me to treat a black person as a friend or partner ..." She now experienced guilt at her earlier "presumptuousness and arrogance". She became close to Nkrumah.The details of their relationship are now unclear due to the destruction of documents, but some surviving letters are intimate in tone. In Ghana, some Africans were disturbed by the prominence of a person with <mask>'s past, but Shirley Graham Du Bois, a noted African-American writer who had emigrated to Ghana and was friendly towards <mask>, agreed with Nkrumah that Reitsch was extremely naive politically. Contemporary Ghanaian press reports seem to show a lack of interest in her past. Throughout the 1970s, Reitsch broke gliding records in many categories, including the "Women's Out and Return World Record" twice, once in 1976 () and again, in 1979 (), flying along the Appalachian Ridges in the United States. During this time, she also finished first in the women's section of the first world helicopter championships. Last interview, 1970s
<mask> was interviewed and photographed several times in the 1970s, towards the end of her life, by Jewish-American photo-journalist Ron Laytner. In her closing remarks she is quoted as saying:

In the same interview, she is quoted as saying,

Death

<mask> died of a heart attack in Frankfurt at the age of 67, on 24 August 1979.She had never married. She is buried in the <mask> family grave in the Salzburger Kommunalfriedhof. Former British test pilot and Royal Navy officer Eric Brown said he received a letter from <mask> in early August 1979 in which she said, "It began in the bunker, there it shall


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
 end." Within weeks she was dead. Brown speculated that <mask> had taken the cyanide capsule Hitler had given her in the bunker, and that she had taken it as part of a suicide pact with Greim. No autopsy was performed, or at least no such report is available. List of awards and world records

 1932: women's gliding endurance record (5.5 hours)
 1936: women's gliding distance record ()
 1937: first woman to cross the Alps in a glider
 1937: the first woman in the world to be promoted to flight captain by Colonel Ernst Udet
 1937: the first woman to fly a helicopter (Fa 61)
 1937: world distance record in a helicopter ()
 1938: the first person to fly a helicopter (Fa 61) inside an enclosed space (Deutschlandhalle)
 1938: winner of German national gliding competition Sylt-Breslau Silesia
 1939: women's world record in gliding for point-to-point flight.1943: While in the Luftwaffe, the first woman to pilot a rocket plane (Messerschmitt Me 163). She survived a disastrous crash though with severe injuries and because of this she became the first of three German women to receive the Iron Cross First Class. 1944: the first woman in the world to pilot a jet aircraft at the Luftwaffe research centre at Rechlin during the trials of the Messerschmitt Me 262 and Heinkel He 162
 1952: third place in the World Gliding Championships in Spain together with her team-mate Lisbeth Häfner
 1955: German gliding champion
 1956: German gliding distance record ()
 1957: German gliding altitude record ()

Books by <mask>
 . 4th ed. Munich: Herbig, 2001. (Autobiography)
 . 2nd ed.Munich: Herbig, 1979. (original title: ).
 . 7th ed. Munich: Herbig, 1992. .
 .

masks:
Reitsch
Hanna Reitsch


title: Hanna Reitsch

texts:
 Munich: Heyne, 1984. .
 . 2nd expanded ed. Munich/Berlin: Herbig, 1978. . In popular culture
<mask> has been portrayed by the following actresses in film and television productions. Barbara Rütting in the 1965 film Operation Crossbow
 Diane Cilento in the 1973 British film Hitler: The Last Ten Days. Myvanwy Jenn in the 1973 British television production The Death of Adolf Hitler.Anna Thalbach in the 2004 German film Downfall (). See also

Rhön-Rossitten Gesellschaft

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

  where she exclaims about Hitler's understanding in avionics: "I was deeply astonished about his interests"

  testing the Me 163 jet plane
  as depicted in the Downfall
 The first women astronaut  (Woman Pilot Magazine website)

1912 births
1979 deaths
People from Jelenia Góra
German women aviators
German World War II pilots
Test pilots
People from the Province of Silesia
German glider pilots
Helicopter pilots
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939), 1st class
Flight altitude record holders
Flight endurance record holders
Rotorcraft flight record holders
Glider flight record holders
German aviation record holders
German women aviation record holders
German people of Austrian descent
Holocaust


title: Faustin Linyekula

texts:
<mask> (born February 27, 1974) is a Congolese dancer and choreographer of contemporary dance. His works are structured along the lines of the dance form Ndombolo and its associated music and address "the legacy of decades of war, terror, fear and the collapse of the economy for himself, his family and his friends." Family background
<mask> was born in Ubundu, Zaire, now Democratic Republic of Congo. He was raised in a "multilingual, multicultural" environment, in a Roman Catholic family. Because of the state ideology of the Mobutu Sese Seko regime, the European name, Faustin, could not appear on any legal documents. The justification for this was that European names were imposed on Africans as a form of mental subjugation. Career
According to Toba Singer, <mask> studied literature and theater in Kisangani (in northeast Zaire, his native region).The universities in Zaire were soon shut down; he went to Nairobi, Kenya. In 1997 co-founded the Gàara company with mime Opiyo Okach and dancer Afrah Tenambergen, the first contemporary dance company in Kenya and his first experience as a choreographer. He then traveled to France where he took up a residency first with choreographer Régine Chopinot and then with Mathilde Monnier, and to the Tanzwochen Festival in Vienna, Austria where he and South African dancer Gregory Maqoma created Tales off the Mud Wall (2000). Returning to the Congo, in June 2001 in Kinshasa he established the Studios Kabako, a structure form multidisciplinary creation and performance; Brenda Dixon Gottschild, professor emerita of Dance Studies at Temple University characterizes this as choosing "the path of most resistance," given his opportunities in Europe. In 2003, he choreographed a piece for six hip-hop dancers as part of the Suresnes Cités Danse Festival. The French Centre National de la Danse gave him carte blanche to create a

masks:
Faustin Linyekula
Linyekula
Linyekula


title: Faustin Linyekula

texts: festival in 2005; the result was Le Cargo, in which appear ten African companies mostly presenting their work for the first time in Europe. In 2007, his Festival des mensonges ("Festival of Lies") was presented at the Festival d'Avignon, as well as Dinozord: The Dialogue Series (2006).″Le Cargo″, his first solo (2011) is still touring in Europe (Vienna, Paris, Grenoble, Brussels, Ostende, Genk, Athens, Geneva, Salzburg, Umea, Gdansk, Lisbon…), Africa (Tunis, Johannesburg, Kinshasa, Lubumbashi, Nouakchott, Dakar, Ouagadougou, Lusaka, Yaoundé, Douala, Niamey, Zinder, Djibouti, Kampala, Accra, Bata…), North America (New York, Portland, Minneapolis, Burlington - Vermont, Ottawa and Vancouver), Australia (Brisbane) and New Caledonia (Noumea). A piece for 4 dancers and 3 performers, ″Drums and Digging″ (2013) has been premiered at the Avignon festival in 2013 and toured in 2014 in France (Paris, Grenoble, Annecy) and Belgium (Leuven, Brussels, Genk). Other recent collaborations include ″La Création du Monde 1923-2012″, a piece for 24 dancers of the Ballet de Lorraine in Nancy and Djodjo Kazadi (2012) and ″Sans-titre″ (2009), a duet written by German director Raimund Hoghe. <mask> Linyekula is also teaching in Africa, Europe (Parts / Brussels, CNDC Angers / France, Impulstanz / Vienna) and in the United States (Florida University Gainesville, University of the Arts Philadelphia...) and has been part of a think tank with other African artists and intellectuals around the creation of an arts center near Cape Town. The think tank resulted in the creation of the Africa Centre. Since 2006, he is based in Kisangani. The Studios Kabako are accompanying there local and national artistic initiatives in the field of dance, theatre, music and video, from training to production and touring.Young accompanied artists include among others Dinozord, Papy Ebotany, Djino


title: Faustin Linyekula

texts:
 Alolo, Dorine Mokha, Jeannot Kumbonyeki, Yves Mwamba.... (dance), Flamme Kapaya, Pasnas, Franck Moka, Huguette Tolinga (music), Michael Disanka & Christiana Tabaro (theatre). In May 2009 opened the first professional recording studio of the eastern part of the country. At the initiative of Pamoja project, a residency and production programme, the Studios Kabako have also host and coproduced many artists from Africa, including projects from South Africa, Nigeria, Senegal, Mozambique, Burkina Faso...

Linyekula is currently touring "Not Another Diva...", a musical theatre piece cosigned with South African performer Hlengiwe Lushaba. 2019 will mark the premiere of "Congo" adapted from Eric Vuillard's book and "Histoire(s) du théâtre II", a commission from Milo Rau / NTGent. <mask> is the winner of the 2007 Principal Prince Claus Award. In 2014, he received the Principle Award of the CurryStone Prize for the work developed in Kisangani. He is also one of the guest artists of the Re-Place-Ing Philadelphia project initiated in 2015 by the Painted Bride Art Centre.In 2016, he is associated artist to the city of Lisbon-Portugal, as part of the Artista Na Cidade] Biennale. In 2019, he is jointly with William Kentridge associate artist to the Holland festival. From September 2018 and for 3 years, he is associated artist to the Manège in Reims (France). Principal choreographic works

With Studios Kabako
Spectacularly Empty I (2001)
Triptyque sans titre – Fragments et Autres Boues Recyclés ("Untitled Triptych - Fragments and Other Recycled Sludge" 2002)
Spectacularly Empty II (2003)
Radio Okapi (2004)
Le Festival des mensonges ("Festival of Lies", 2005–2006)
The Dialogue Series: i. Franco (2006)The Dialogue Series: iii. Dinozord (2006)La Fratrie errante (2007)more more more... future (2009)Pour en finir avec Bérénice (2010)Le Cargo (2011) Sur les traces de


title: Faustin Linyekula

texts:
 Dinozord (2012) What is Black Music Anyway / Self-Portrait (2012), a performance for the MOMA in New YorkDrums and Digging (2013) The Dialogue Series: IV Moya (2014) Statue of Loss (2014)The Kin-Philly Connection (2015), a performance for the Fondation Cartier in ParisBanataba (2017), a Metropolitanlivearts production, with Moya MichaelNot Another Diva... (2018), a music/theater piece by <mask> Linyekula and Hlengiwe Lushaba

Others
 Cleansing (1997, with Opiyo Okach, Afrah Tenambergen and la Compagnie Gàara)Tales off the Mud Wall (2000, with Gregory Vuyani Maqoma)Telle une ombre gravée dans la poussière ("Such a Shadow Etched in the Dust", 2003)Mes obsessions: j’y pense et puis je crie! ("My obsessions: I think and then I scream! ", 2006)Si c'est un nègre / autoportrait ("If that is a Black Man / Self Portrait", (2003), a solo for French dancer Sylvain PrunenecBérénice (2009) by Jean Racine, a commission by the Comédie française in ParisLa création du monde 1923-2012 (2012) for the Ballet de Lorraine, Nancy

Notes

References
 This article incorporates material translated 5 December 2007 from the article of the same name in the French Wikipedia.
 .Essay commissioned by The Africa Contemporary Arts Consortium and published as a pamphlet by MAPP International Productions, promoters of the Festival of Lies'' 2007 US Tour. A version of this essay can be found on the site of the Walker Art Center, but appears to have some typographical errors. Amended in 2010 by Virginie Dupray, manager of Faustin Linyekula. External links

  Studios Kabako de Faustin Linyekula, Official site

  around Studios Kabako's project in Lubunga, Official site

1974 births
Living people
People from Tshopo
Contemporary dancers
Democratic Republic of the Congo Roman Catholics
Democratic Republic of the Congo choreographers
21st-century Democratic Republic of the Congo


title: Skip Caray

texts:
Harry Christopher "<mask><mask>. (August 12, 1939 – August 3, 2008) was an American sportscaster, best known for his long career as a radio and television play-by-play announcer for the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball. He was the son of baseball announcer <mask>, and the father of fellow Braves broadcaster <mask>; another son, <mask>, is a reporter for All News 106.7. Early life and education
<mask> grew up in baseball as the son of Hall of Fame broadcaster <mask>, who would routinely refer to his son at 8:30 p.m. during every broadcast by saying, "Good night, Skippy", a phrase for which he was teased throughout his adolescence. He studied television and radio at the University of Missouri where he received a degree in journalism and was a member of Phi Gamma Delta. He began his career in St. Louis calling Saint Louis University and St. Louis Hawks basketball. In 1968, Caray moved with the Hawks to Atlanta, where he also called Atlanta Flames hockey games and did morning sportscasts on WSB-AM. Career

Atlanta Braves

In 1976, he was added to the broadcast team for the Braves, a position he held until his death.In September 2007, Caray was not asked to announce League Division Series games on TBS and was kept exclusive to the Braves as the team's broadcasts moved to local Atlanta network Peachtree TV (a direct descendant of the original WTBS). Caray felt slighted by the move. Perhaps, Caray's most memorable call was his description of Francisco Cabrera's game-winning hit in Game 7 of the 1992 National League Championship Series against the Pittsburgh Pirates. The game itself, was ultimately decided on Braves first-baseman Sid Bream beating out Pirates left-fielder Barry Bonds' throw to home plate. And when the Braves defeated the Cleveland Indians in Game 6 of the 1995 World Series, to earn the city of Atlanta its first major professional sports

masks:
Skip
" Caray Jr
Harry Caray
Chip Caray
Josh Caray
Skip Caray
Harry Caray


title: Skip Caray

texts:
 championship, Caray soon after Marquis Grissom caught the final out in center-field, cried that the "Atlanta Braves have given you a championship!" <mask> was inducted into the Atlanta Braves Hall of Fame in 2004 alongside long-time Braves broadcaster Pete Van Wieren. He has been recognized with six Georgia Sportscaster-of-the Year awards from the National Sportswriters and Sportscasters Association, as well as a Georgia-area Emmy award.On December 18, 2006, the Braves organization announced that Caray (and partner Van Wieren) had signed three-year contracts to continue doing Braves game broadcasts on their radio network. However, Caray only announced ten games on TBS in the 2007 season before being relegated to Peachtree TV. On the final broadcast of Braves TBS Baseball (September 30, 2007), Caray thanked fans saying, "To all you people who have watched the Braves for these 30 years ... thank you. We appreciate you more than you will ever know. ... Thank you folks and God bless you. And we're going to miss you every bit as much as you miss us."NBC Sports
In 2000, NBC hired Caray to do play-by-play with Joe Morgan on the AL Division Series between the New York Yankees and Oakland Athletics. Caray was filling in for Bob Costas, who sat out the Division Series after anchoring NBC's prime time coverage of the Summer Olympic Games from Sydney, Australia. Other appearances
On December 11, 1982, Caray along with Abe Lemons called the much hyped college basketball contest between Virginia and Georgetown (led by Ralph Sampson and Patrick Ewing respectively) for TBS. Caray also called play-by-play for the first two seasons (1990–91) of the TNT network's Sunday night NFL coverage as well as TBS' coverage of the NBA and college football, and anchored TBS' coverage of the 1990 Goodwill Games. He made his motion picture debut in the 1985 movie The Slugger's Wife,


title: Skip Caray

texts:
 through a metal detector on the way to the field." Caray was also known for his tendency to identify the hometowns of fans who catch foul balls during Braves games in jest.Fans who reside in the metro Atlanta area were identified by a random suburb, though there was no legitimacy behind these references. Similarly, when daytime home games went long, Caray would routinely give a "traffic report" at exactly 5 o'clock on radio broadcasts. It consisted of his rattling off a random list of major Atlanta arteries, and describing each one as hopelessly backed up. When the Braves suffered a severely bad outing, and the score was strongly lopsided in favor of the other team, in late innings he would often tell fans "It's OK to walk the dog now, folks, if you promise to support our sponsors." In addition to his play-by-play duties, Caray also hosted a pre-game call in show on WSB until 2004. Criticism
In June 2000, Caray, along with fellow Braves broadcasters Joe Simpson, Pete Van Wieren and Don Sutton, were banned from Atlanta Braves team charter flights for several games after criticizing Braves catcher Javy López for being penalized for setting up outside the catchers box during a game against the Milwaukee Brewers. In an attempt to combat criticism of Caray's on-air "home team" bias and to market its baseball coverage to non-Braves fans, during the 2003 season, TBS removed him and Pete Van Wieren from announcing Braves games on television.The move was strongly criticized by Braves fans, the local Atlanta media, and Braves manager Bobby Cox. Over 90% of Braves fans who voted in an online poll conducted by the Atlanta Journal-Constitution preferred <mask> and Van Wieren to the more neutral broadcasts. The move backfired, and ratings for the TBS broadcasts declined sharply. After the All-Star Break, <mask> and Van Wieren were returned to the booth. They were

masks: Caray Caray


title: Skip Caray

texts:
 taken off permanently in 2007 with TBS hiring new broadcasters for their playoff coverage later in the year. Death
On August 3, 2008, the Atlanta Braves announced that Caray had died, nine days before what would have been his 69th birthday. His wife, Paula, reported to the Atlanta Journal-Constitution that on Sunday afternoon when she thought her husband was napping, she looked out the window and saw a bird feeder not hanging where it should be and thought it had been blown down by the wind.When she stood up, she noticed her husband lying on the ground next to the bird feeder. He had been suffering from failing health for nearly a year prior, but returned to work for the 2008 season, calling a game on radio as recently as three days before his death. Tributes to Caray were given on all of the Atlanta television stations that evening and on WGST-AM the next morning. Shortly after Caray's death, the Atlanta Braves began wearing a memorial patch on their uniforms that read "SKIP", which appeared on the sleeve opposite the "BEACH" patch honoring Jim Beauchamp that they had been wearing since the beginning of the 2008 season. References

External links
 <mask> <mask> Online Memorial
 Skip Caray Cable's First Baseball Star

1939 births
2008 deaths
American radio sports announcers
American television sports announcers
Television personalities from Atlanta
Atlanta Braves announcers
Atlanta Falcons announcers
Atlanta Flames announcers
Atlanta Hawks announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
Major League Baseball broadcasters
National Basketball Association broadcasters
National Football League announcers
National Hockey League broadcasters
American people of Italian descent
American people of Romanian descent
People from St. Louis
Radio personalities from Atlanta
St. Louis Hawks announcers
University of Missouri

masks: Skip Caray


title: Heinrich Setz

texts:
<mask> (12 March 1915 – 13 March 1943) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II, a fighter ace credited with 138 enemy aircraft shot down in 274 combat missions. The majority of his victories were claimed over the Eastern Front, with six claims over the Western Front. Born in Gundelsdorf, <mask> volunteered for military service in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany in 1936. Following flight training and a period at a fighter pilot training school as an instructor, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) in 1940. Following the Norwegian Campaign he claimed his first three aerial victories in late 1940 in that theater. In July 1941, <mask> was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of the 4. Staffel (4th squadron) of JG 77 which he led in Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union.Following his 43rd aerial victory he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 31 December 1941 and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves on 23 June 1942 after 81 victories. He claimed his 100th aerial victory on 24 July 1942. In February 1943 <mask> was appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of the I. Gruppe (1st group) of Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing) which was based in France on the Western Front. <mask> claimed three more victories before he was killed in action on his 274th combat mission in a mid-air collision with a Supermarine Spitfire on 13 March 1943. Early life and career
<mask> was born on 12 March 1915 in Gundelsdorf near Kronach, Upper Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria. He was the son of an Oberförster (head of a forest range) and joined the military service of the Luftwaffe as a Fahnenjunker (cadet) on

masks:
Heinrich Setz
Setz
Setz
Setz
Setz
Setz


title: Heinrich Setz

texts:
 6 April 1936. He was promoted to Leutnant (second lieutenant) on 1 January 1938.On 1 July 1938, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 135 (135th Fighter Wing). From April 1939 onwards he was posted to a Jagdfliegerschule (fighter pilot training school) as an instructor. On 3 April 1940 he was transferred to Jagdfliegerschule 3 at Stolp-Reitz, present day Słupsk-Redzikowo Airport in Poland. There he was promoted to Oberleutnant (first lieutenant) on 1 June 1940. World War II
World War II in Europe began on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. <mask> was transferred to a front-line unit when he joined II. Gruppe (2nd group) of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) on 28 June 1940.There he was assigned to the 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of JG 77 on 1 July 1940. JG 77 at the time was based at Kristiansand, in southern Norway. He claimed three aerial victories in this theater, his first aerial victory, a Royal Air Force (RAF) No. 82 Squadron Bristol Blenheim bomber, was shot down south of Stavanger over Norway's west coast on 27 August 1940. This achievement earned him the Iron Cross 2nd Class () on 12 September 1940. Following two further victories over Norway, he received Iron Cross 1st Class () on 18 October 1940.In May 1941, <mask> was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 4. Staffel of 2. (Schul. )/Ergänzungs-Gruppe of JG 77, a supplementary training group for new pilots posted to the front. Eastern Front
Following the Invasion of Yugoslavia, JG 77 was moved to Romania in preparation for Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941. II. and III.Gruppe, plus the Stab (headquarters unit), of JG 77 supported the German advance as part of

masks: Setz Setz


title: Heinrich Setz

texts: Heeresgruppe Süd (Army Group South). On 21 June, II. Gruppe was ordered from Bucharest to Roman, a forward airfield near the Siret river. That evening, the pilots and ground crews were briefed of the upcoming invasion of the Soviet Union, which opened the Eastern Front. In late June or early July, <mask> succeeded Hauptmann Walter Jänisch as Staffelkapitän of 4. Staffel of JG 77. There, he claimed his first aerial victory on the Eastern Front, his fourth in total, on a Junkers Ju 87 dive bomber escort mission to Kamianets-Podilskyi.He shot down a Polikarpov I-16 fighter aircraft. On 21 July, II. Gruppe flew thirteen combat missions providing fighter protection for the bridges over the Dniester near Yampol. That day, <mask> claimed two I-16 fighters shot down. On the twelfth mission, which started at 18:18 from Bălți, <mask> himself was shot down in his Messerschmitt Bf 109 E (Werknummer 1384—factory number), resulting in a forced landing. At the time, the architect of the Holocaust Reinhard Heydrich, who was holding the rank of Major der Reserve (major of the military reserves) within the Luftwaffe, served together with <mask> in II. Gruppe of JG 77.<mask> claimed his 30th victory on 29 October 1941 and less than a month later, on 21 November, he shot down his 40th opponent. On 27 November 1941, <mask> claimed three aerial victories in combat south of Rostov-on-Don. A Polikarpov I-153 biplane fighter and two Tupolev SB-2 bombers took his total to 45, his last victories in 1941. II. Gruppe was withdrawn from combat operations on 3 December 1941 and moved to Vienna-Aspern for reequipment with the Bf 109 F-4. <mask> was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross () on 31 December 1941. By end

masks: Setz Setz Setz Setz Setz Setz Setz


title: Heinrich Setz

texts:
 1941, 4.Staffel had been credited with 110 aerial victories and further 89 aircraft destroyed on the ground under his leadership. Crimea and Caucasus
On 11 March 1942, II. Gruppe began relocating back to the Eastern Front, at first to Proskuriv where it stayed for a few days, and then to Sarabuz on the Crimea, arriving on 17 March 1942. Here he became an "ace-in-a-day" on 19 March 1942, claiming his 46th to 50th aerial victory during the Siege of Sevastopol. That day, he was credited with shooting down two Petlyakov Pe-2 ground attack aircraft, two Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 fighter aircraft and one Ilyushin DB-3 bomber. <mask> claimed three Yakovlev Yak-7 fighters on 21 April over Prymorskyi against the Crimean Front taking his total to 60 aerial victories. He was again shot down on 3 May, resulting in forced landing of his Bf 109 F-4.He was shot down by pilots from the 9 IAP (Fighter Aviation Regiment—Istrebitelny Aviatsionny Polk) of the ChF (Soviet Black Sea Fleet—Chernomorskiy Flot). On 13 May 1942, he claimed three further victories, two Yakovlev Yak-1 fighters and one Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighters, taking his total to 70 victories. Following his 81st victory on 23 June, a I-153 fighter, <mask> was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves () on the same day. The award was presented at the Führerhauptquartier (Führer Headquarters) at Rastenburg on 28/29 June 1942. Two other Luftwaffe officers were presented with the Oak Leaves that day by Hitler, the night-fighter pilot Hauptmann (captain) Helmut Lent and fellow JG 77 pilot Oberleutnant Friedrich Geißhardt. Following his return to the front, JG 77 was assigned to the newly created Army Group B in support of Fall


title: Heinrich Setz

texts:
 Blau (Case Blue), the Wehrmacht'''s 1942 strategic summer offensive in southern Russia. On 5 July 1942, II./JG 77 was based at Kastornoje, approximately  west of Voronezh, where it fought in the Battle of Voronezh.<mask> briefly commanded II./JG 77 in July for Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) Anton Mader. He claimed two MiG-3s on 23 July 1942. On the next day, 24 July, he reached his 100th aerial victory. He was the 13th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark. This achievement earned him German Cross in Gold () which was awarded to him on 21 August 1942. On 16 September, <mask>, for the second time, became an "ace-in-a-day" after he claimed the destruction of three LaGG-3 fighter aircraft and two Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft, taking his total to 133 aerial victories. Setz's 4.Staffel was then reequipped with the Bf 109 G-2 and transferred to an airfield at Stary Oskol on 23 September 1942. On 2 October, 4. And 6. Staffel flew a fighter escort mission for a flight of Heinkel He 111 bombers attacking Soviet positions north of Voronezh. On this mission, <mask> claimed two LaGG-3, his last victories on the Eastern Front. This took his total to 135 aerial victories. <mask> was promoted to Hauptmann on 1 November 1942.On 7 November 1942, II. Gruppe received orders from Generalmajor Alfred Bülowius, the commander of the 1. Flieger-Division (1st Air Division), to relocate to the North African theater of operations. Western Front and death
<mask> however did not rejoin his unit. On 12 November he was appointed the new Gruppenkommandeur of I. Gruppe (1st group) of Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing), to replace Hauptmann Gerhard Homuth who had to resign the command because of

masks: Setz Setz Setz Setz Setz


title: Heinrich Setz

texts: illness. This unit had formerly led the assault in North Africa but after being shattered in the recent battles around El Alamein had been pulled back for rest and rebuild. <mask> took over his command in Bari, Italy on 20 November 1942, and led the transferal back to Krefeld in Germany, where they arrived on 28 November 1942.After a brief period of recreation, the group began preparations for a transfer to France on 2 January 1943. Stab, 1. and 3. Staffeln transferred to Évreux Air Field on 31 January 1943. The remaining groups followed and new pilots and new Bf 109 G-4 joined the group. Now fighting a completely different type of air-war, versus the combat box-formations of bombers of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) VIII Bomber Command, Setz had the entire group conduct training flights and reported operational readiness on 20 February 1943. On 13 March 1943, I. Gruppe took off to intercept USAAF Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bombers. On this 274th combat mission, he claimed two escorting Supermarine Spitfires from the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) No.127 Wing in five minutes over Abbeville, but it is believed he was killed when he collided with a third fifteen minutes later at high altitude. His Bf 109 G-4 (Werknummer 14 862—factory number) crashed at Yzengremer,   east of Le Tréport. In recognition of his leadership, he was posthumously promoted to Major, backdated to 1 March 1943. <mask>, who was the brother in law of Franz Ruhl, was interred at the Bourdon German war cemetery in Bourdon, France in block 32, row 11, grave 427. Following his death, Hauptmann Hans-Joachim Heinecke briefly led the Gruppe until Hauptmann Erich Hohagen took command on 7 April. Summary of


title: Heinrich Setz

texts:
 career

Aerial victory claims
<mask> was credited with 138 enemy aircraft shot down in 274 combat missions, of which 132 were claimed over the Eastern Front, with 3 during the invasion of Norway and 3 over the Western Front in defense of the Reich. Matthews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 133 aerial victory claims, plus three further unconfirmed claims.This figure of confirmed claims includes 128 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and five on the Western Front. Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 3541". The Luftwaffe grid map () covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about . These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 × 4 km in size. Awards
 Iron Cross (1939)
 2nd Class (12 September 1940)
 1st Class (18 October 1940)
 German Cross in Gold on 21 August 1942 as Oberleutnant in the II./Jagdgeschwader 77
 Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
 Knight's Cross on 31 December 1941 as Oberleutnant and Staffelkapitän of the 4./Jagdgeschwader 77
 102nd Oak Leaves on 23 June 1942 as Oberleutnant and Staffelkapitän of the 4./Jagdgeschwader'' 77

Dates of rank

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

1915 births
1943 deaths
Luftwaffe pilots
German World War II flying aces
German military personnel killed in World War II
Recipients of the Gold German Cross
Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
Burials at Bourdon


title: Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton

texts:
<mask>, 3rd Earl of Southampton   (6 October 1573 – 10 November 1624), (pronunciation uncertain:  "Rezley",  "Rizely" (archaic),  (present-day) and  have been suggested), was the only son of <mask>, 2nd Earl of Southampton, and Mary Browne, daughter of Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montagu. Shakespeare's two narrative poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece, were dedicated to Southampton, who is frequently identified as the Fair Youth of Shakespeare's Sonnets. Family
<mask>, born 6 October 1573 at Cowdray House, Sussex, was the only son of <mask>, 2nd Earl of Southampton, by Mary Browne. She was the only daughter of Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montague, and his first wife, Jane Radcliffe. He had two sisters, Jane, who died before 1573, and Mary (), who in June 1585 married Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour. After his father's death, Southampton's mother married firstly, on 2 May 1594, as her second husband, Sir Thomas Heneage (d. 17 October 1595), Vice-Chamberlain of the Household. After being widowed again, she married, between 5 November 1598 and 31 January 1599, Sir William Hervey.She died in November 1607. Early life
When his father died on 4 October 1581, Southampton inherited the earldom and landed income valued at £1097 6s per annum. His wardship and marriage were sold by the Queen to her kinsman, Charles, Lord Howard of Effingham, for £1000. According to Akrigg, Howard "entered into some further agreement, of which no documentation can now be found, which transferred to Lord Burghley personally the custody and marriage of the young Earl, but left Howard

masks:
Henry Wriothesley
Henry Wriothesley
Henry Wriothesley
Henry Wriothesley


texts: holding his lands." Late in 1581 or early in 1582 Southampton, then eight years of age went to live at Cecil House in the Strand. In October 1585, at age twelve, Southampton entered St John's College, Cambridge, graduating M.A. on 6 June 1589.His name was entered at the Gray's Inn legal society before he left the university, and he was admitted on 29 February 1588. On Southampton's 16th birthday, 6 October 1589, Lord Burghley noted Southampton's age in his diary. By 1590 Burghley was negotiating with Southampton's grandfather, Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montague, and Southampton's mother, Mary, for a marriage between <mask> and Lord Burghley's eldest granddaughter, Elizabeth Vere, daughter of Burghley's daughter, Anne Cecil, and Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford. But <mask> did not like the match and, in a letter written in November 1594, about six weeks after Southampton had turned 21, the Jesuit <mask> reported the rumour that "The young Erle of Southampton refusing the Lady Veere payeth £5000 of present payment". In 1591 Lord Burghley's Clerk in Chancery, John Clapham, dedicated to Southampton a poem in Latin, Narcissus, recounting the Greek legend of a beautiful young man who perishes through self-love. According to Akrigg, <mask> was now spending much of his time at court. He was in attendance when Queen Elizabeth visited Oxford in late September 1592 and was praised in the Latin poem written by John Sandford to commemorate the Queen's visit.In October 1592 <mask>'s grandfather, Viscount Montague, died. Montague had been a Knight of the Garter, and on 3 May 1593, Philip Gawdy

masks:
Southampton
Southampton
Henry Garnet
Southampton
Southampton


texts:
 that one meaning of "beget" is "bring forth", argued that Mr. W.H. was the procurer of the manuscript rather than the "Fair Youth" addressed in the poems. Confirmation of this as also that "Mr. W.H."was the William Hervey who married Southampton's mother and inherited 'her goods' is provided by Edward Chaney. Other adherents of the theory that Southampton was the addressee of the Sonnets have suggested that his initials, H.W. (<mask>), were simply reversed by the publisher to conceal his identity. But, Honan argues that although Southampton
may be involved in Shakespeare's sonnets ... there is no real likelihood that he traduced him by drawing his portrait as the fickle, treacherous Young Man of the sonnets, who is implicitly "lascivious" (sonnet 95), "sensual" to a "fault" or to his "shame" (sonnets 34, 35), and ridden with vices. Despite extensive archival research, no documents have been found concerning their relationship apart from the dedications to Shakespeare's two long narrative poems. Nicholas Rowe, on the authority of poet and playwright William Davenant (1606 – 7 April 1668), stated in his Life of Shakespeare that Southampton once gave Shakespeare £1,000 to "go through with a purchase", but Honan terms this a myth. The 1590s
Southampton received dedications from other writers in the 1590s.On 27 June 1593 Thomas Nashe completed his picaresque novel, The Unfortunate Traveller, and dedicated it to Southampton, terming him "a dere lover and cherisher ... as well of the lovers of Poets, as of Poets themselves", and in 1593 Barnabe Barnes published Parthenophil and Parthenope


texts: with a dedicatory sonnet to Southampton. In 1595 Gervase Markham included a dedicatory sonnet to Southampton in The Most Honorable Tragedy of Richard Grinvile, Knight. On 2 March 1596 John Florio's Italian/English dictionary was entered in the Stationers' Register. In his dedication, Florio, who was for some years in the Earl's "pay and patronage", complimented Southampton on his fluency in Italian, saying he "had become so complete a master of Italian as to have no need of travel abroad to perfect his mastery of that tongue". In 1597 <mask> included a sonnet to Southampton among the sixty dedicatory sonnets in his Sundry Christian Passions. In the same year William Burton dedicated to him a translation of Achilles Tatius's, Clitophon and Leucippe. On 4 October 1594 Southampton's friend, Sir <mask>, shot <mask>, brother of Sir Walter Long, in the course of a local feud between the Danvers and Long families.Sir <mask> and his elder brother, Sir Charles Danvers, fled to Titchfield, where Southampton sheltered them. The brothers were outlawed, and eventually escaped to the continent where they took refuge at the court of King Henri IV. On 17 November 1595, Southampton jousted in Queen Elizabeth's accession day tournament, earning a mention in George Peele's Anglorum Feriae as "gentle and debonaire". However, according to Akrigg, "Gentle and debonair he may have been, but we never again hear of Southampton being high in the graces of Queen Elizabeth". On 13 April 1596 the Queen specifically instructed Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, not to take either Southampton or the Earl of Derby,

masks:
Henry Lok
Henry Danvers
Henry Long
Henry


texts: Queen forbade <mask> to present himself at court, although he was soon allowed back. Nonetheless it was reported by Rowland Whyte at the beginning of February that "My Lord of Southampton is much troubled at her Majesties straungest Usage of hym".Faced with his financial difficulties and the Queen's disfavour, Southampton determined to live abroad for a time, and seized the opportunity of accompanying Sir Robert Cecil on an embassy to Henri IV of France. On 6 February Southampton was granted licence to travel abroad for two years, and by March he and Cecil were in Angers, where on 7 March <mask> was presented to the French King. When Cecil returned to England from his failed mission in April, <mask> remained at the French court, planning to travel to Italy with Sir Charles Danvers and Sir <mask>, whom he had helped to escape from England in 1594 after the murder of <mask>. At that juncture the Queen decided to pardon the Danvers brothers, and they were back in England on 30 August 1598, at which time Southampton also returned in secret, and married his pregnant mistress, Elizabeth Vernon. He left for the continent almost immediately, but by 3 September the Queen had learned of the marriage and consigned Elizabeth Vernon, one of her chief ladies-in-waiting, to the Fleet Prison for marrying without royal permission. The Queen ordered Southampton to return to England forthwith, but he remained in Paris for two months, losing large sums in gambling. By the beginning of November he was back in England, also lodged in the Fleet, where he remained for a month, during which time Elizabeth

masks:
Southampton
Southampton
Southampton
Henry Danvers
Henry Long


texts:
 Vernon gave birth to a daughter, Penelope.To add to his difficulties, <mask> was at this time involved in a dispute with his mother, the Dowager Countess, over her prospective marriage to Sir William Hervey. Lord <mask> was brought in to smooth matters between mother and son, and the Countess and Hervey were wed in early January 1599. In 1599, during the Nine Years' War (1595–1603), <mask> went to Ireland with Essex, who made him General of the Horse, but the Queen insisted that the appointment be cancelled. <mask> remained on in personal attendance upon the Earl, rather than as an officer. However, <mask> was active during the campaign and prevented a defeat at the hands of the Irish rebels when his cavalry drove off an attack at Arklow in County Wicklow. Shortly after the Essex's Rebellion in February 1601, William Reynolds, a soldier who had served with Essex in Ireland in 1599, mentioned <mask> in a letter to Sir Robert Cecil. Speaking of certain men involved in the Essex rebellion who had not yet been arrested, Reynolds wrote:

I do mervell also what becam of pearse edmones, the earle of Essex man, borne in strand neare me, and which has had many rewards & preferments by the earle essex, his villany I have often complained of, he dweles in London, he was corporall generall of the horse in Ierland under the earle of Sowthamton, he eate & drank at his table and lay in his tente, the earle of Sowthamton gave him a horse, which edmones refused a 100 markes for him, the earle Sowthamton would cole and huge him in his armes and play wantonly with him.This pearse began to fawne and

masks:
Southampton
Henry Howard
Southampton
Southampton
Southampton
Southampton


texts:
 flatter me in Ierland offering me great curtesie, telling me what pay grases & giftes they earles bestowed uppon him, therby seming to move and anymate me to desiar and looke for the like favour, But I coeld never love & afecte them to make them my frends, esspecially essex whoes mynd I ever mistrusted.... According to Duncan-Jones, Reynolds' letter hints that 'rewards could be obtained from either or both of the two Earls in return for sexual favours'. On the other hand, Duncan-Jones concludes that Reynolds may have been a paranoid schizophrenic, and that by his own statement he had written over 200 letters to the Queen, Privy Council, and members of the clergy wherein he had "complaynid of al the abewses and vilent oppresseones & sodometicall sines over flowing this land". On his return from Ireland, <mask> attracted notice as a playgoer. "My Lord <mask> and Lord Rutland," wrote Rowland Whyte to Sir Robert Sydney in 1599, "come not to the court: the one doth but very seldom. They pass away the time in London merely in going to plays every day". <mask> was deeply involved in Essex's Rebellion of 1601, and in February of that year he was sentenced to death.Cecil, who urged the Queen to show the greatest possible degree of clemency,  obtained the commutation of his penalty to life imprisonment. Life under King James

On the accession of James I <mask> resumed his place at court and received numerous honours from the new king. On the eve of the abortive rebellion of Essex, he had induced the players at the Globe Theatre to revive Richard II. After his release from prison in 1603, he

masks: Southampton Southampton Southampton Southampton


texts: resumed his connection with the stage. In January 1605 he entertained Queen Anne with a performance of Love's Labour's Lost by Burbage and his company, to which Shakespeare belonged, at Southampton House. <mask> seems to have been a born fighter, and engaged in more than one serious quarrel at court, being imprisoned for a short time in 1603 following a heated argument with Lord Grey of Wilton in front of Queen Anne. Grey, an implacable opponent of the Essex faction, was later implicated in the Main Plot and Bye Plot.Southampton was in more serious disgrace in 1621 for his determined opposition to Buckingham. He was a volunteer on the Protestant side in Germany in 1614, and in 1617 he proposed to fit out an expedition against the Barbary pirates. Southampton was a leader among the Jacobean aristocrats who turned to modern investment practices"in industry, in modernizing their estates and in overseas trade and colonization." He financed the first tinplate mill in the country, and founded an ironworks at Titchfield. He developed his properties in London, in Bloomsbury and Holborn; he revamped his country estates, participated in the efforts of the East India Company and the New England Company, and backed <mask>'s search for the Northwest Passage. <mask>, a member of the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London, also was active in the East India Company and may have been involved in Southampton's activities in Titchfield. He died there in 1625 and was buried in St. Peter's parish church.A significant artistic patron in the Jacobean as well as the Elizabethan era, Southampton promoted

masks:
Southampton
Henry Hudson
Henry Timberlake


texts:
 the work of George Chapman, Samuel Daniel, Thomas Heywood, and the composer Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger. Heywood's popular, expansionist dramas were compatible with Southampton's maritime and colonial interests. Virginia Company

<mask>, whose name is included in the 1605 panel of the New World Tapestry, took a considerable share in promoting the colonial enterprises of the time, and was an active member of the Virginia Company's governing council. Although profits proved elusive, his other visions for the Colony based at Jamestown were eventually accomplished. He was part of a faction within the company with Sir Edwin Sandys, who eventually became the Treasurer, and worked tirelessly to support the struggling venture. In addition to profits, Southampton's faction sought a permanent colony which would enlarge British territory, relieve the nation's overpopulation, and expand the market for English goods. Although profits largely eluded the Virginia Company, and it was dissolved in 1624, the other goals were accomplished.His name is thought by many to be the origin of the naming of the harbour of Hampton Roads, and the Hampton River. Although named at later dates, similar attribution may involve the town (and later city) of Hampton, Virginia, as well as Southampton County, Virginia and Northampton County. However, the name Southampton was not uncommon in England, including an important port city and an entire region along the southern coast, which was originally part of Hampshire. There are also variations applied in other areas of the English colonies which were not part of the


texts:
 Elizabeth, Viscountess Campden (died 1679) and Rachel, Lady Russell. Portraits
Numerous portraits of Southampton exist, in which he is depicted with dark auburn hair and blue eyes, compatible with Shakespeare's description of "a man right fair." Sir John Beaumont wrote a well-known elegy in his praise, and Gervase Markham wrote of him in a tract entitled Honor in his Perfection, or a Treatise in Commendation of ... <mask>, Earl of Oxenford, <mask>, <mask> of Southampton, Robert, Earl of Essex (1624). In 2002, a portrait in the Cobbe collection was identified as a portrait of the youthful Earl. Portraying him as an androgynous-looking young man, it is now known as the Cobbe portrait of Southampton. In April 2008, another portrait believed to be of Southampton, was discovered hidden in a kind of pentimento beneath a portrait of his wife Elizabeth Vernon, when the work was X-rayed in preparation for an exhibition.In popular culture
The Earl has been played on screen by several different actors:
Peter Egan in the BBC mini-series Elizabeth R, 1971. Nicholas Clay in the TV series Life of Shakespeare, 1978. Eddie Redmayne in the Channel 4 mini-series Elizabeth I, 2005. Shaun Evans in the mini-series The Virgin Queen, 2006. Xavier Samuel in the feature film Anonymous, 2011. Ben Willbond in the feature film Bill (2015 film), 2015
Adam Harley in the sitcom Upstart Crow, 2016. Ian McKellen in the feature film All Is True, 2018.Footnotes

References

Chaney, Edward, '"Thy Pyramids buylt up with newer might...": Shakespeare and the Cultural Memory of Ancient Egypt';

masks: Henry Henry Earle


texts:
 https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/aegyp/article/view/76145

Brown, Charles Cedric, ed. Patronage, Politics, and Literary Traditions in England, 1558–1658. Detroit, Wayne State University Press, 1993. Collins, Arthur. Letters and Memorials of State in the Reigns of Queen Mary, Queen Elizabeth, King James, King Charles the I, Part of the Reign of King Charles II and Oliver's Usurpation Written and Collected by Hen. Sydney, Phil. Sydney and His Brother Rob.Sydney, Rob. IId. <mask>, Phil. Viscount Lisle, and Alg. Sydney ; Together with Letters of the Other Ministers of State, with Whom They Held a Correspondence. London: Printed for T. Osborne, 1746. Wriothesley family Accessed 29 December 2007
Shakespeare, William, and Alexander Chalmers.The Works of William Shakspeare. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1858. (p. clxxiii)  googlebooks Accessed 29 December 2007
 The Rape of Lucrece online Retrieved 29 December 2007
X-rays uncover 'hidden portrait' Tuesday, 29 April 2008 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/7372629.stm
Attribution

External links
Wriothesley's Cat Trixie
 List of Members of Order of the Garter
Letter from the 2nd Earl of Southampton to Mr. William More regarding the birth of his son. (from The Loseley Manuscripts)
Oil portrait of <mask>, Third Earl of Southampton by Michiel Mierevelt at University of Michigan Museum of Art

3
Knights of the Garter
Lord-Lieutenants of Hampshire
People from Midhurst
Wriothesley
People associated with Shakespeare
1573 births
1624 deaths
16th-century English nobility
17th-century English nobility
Alumni of St John's College,

masks:
Earlrter
Henry Wriothesley


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
<mask> (born August 30, 1952) is a songwriter, composer, conductor, and music producer. Most of his professional life has been devoted to music, including composing for radio and TV commercials. He became the president of a start-up record label begun by Frank Thomas, who was then the starring player on the Chicago White Sox baseball team. <mask> suffered a massive and debilitating stroke when he was 46 years old. Due to the terribly limiting effects of aphasia, a common but complicated and severe post-stroke condition, he was for a number of years unable to communicate without great difficulty. His fight back to full functioning has been a decade-long challenge that, although largely successful, in many ways still continues. Biography

Early life

<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois.He was third son to father, Herbert, a classical tenor vocalist and choir director who taught elementary school and retired after becoming a vice-principal of the school. <mask>'s mother, Odessa, was a child prodigy who grew to become a concert pianist and choir director. She was accomplished in a variety of music genres, but due to her commitment to God, only performed certain styles of music. <mask>'s early lessons on piano came from his mother, and he grew up absorbing the classical and gospel music of the choirs and vocal ensembles his parents directed. While still of pre-school age, <mask> began composing simple songs and by the time he began primary school had learned to musically notate the songs he composed. At age

masks:
Paul David Wilson
Wilson
Paul David Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 12, <mask> began organizing "street corner" vocal ensembles to perform his songs at parties and selected school functions. At 13, he discovered the flute and it soon became his major instrument.<mask> attended James H. Bowen High School in Chicago. In <mask>'s fourth year of high school, a friend, Arlene Johnson, persuaded him to run for class president. He was elected Senior Class President of Bowen in 1970. He remembers the day when he was a still-young teenager and "my mother dragged me to a seminar on how to create commercial jingles." The presenters were Dick Marx, whose young son would later become a pop music star known as Richard Marx, who was then Chicago's most prominent master of music for Radio and TV commercials,  and Dr. Thomas Fabish, the concert master of DePaul University’s music department. The presentation involved a big band, top-notch singers and a film. Even as he listened, <mask> was thinking, "I could do that."Inspired by Primous Fountain III, a young composer at DePaul University, <mask> enrolled and majored in music composition and theory. He studied music composition with Dr. Leon Stein, Dr. Phil Winsor and Darlene Cowles, while taking flute with Philip Seeburg and Joseph Kainz. In 1973, he was one of 20 music students from around the U.S. selected by Ron Logan of Walt Disney Entertainment to participate in a professional "work experience." <mask> remembers it as one of the major highlights of his college career. He wrote at that time in August 1973:

During his study at

masks: Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 DePaul, he founded, performed in, and composed for many ensembles and often organized concerts and productions that featured works by him and others. In his senior year, <mask> was honored by inclusion in "Who's Who Among Students in American Universities & Colleges" and graduated in 1975 with a B.A. in music composition and theory.Career

In May 1974, while a senior at DePaul, he landed part-time employment at "Star Point 7," a music production company founded by Chuck Colbert, a producer/musician with a jazz-rock band, American Breed ("Bend Me, Shape Me"). <mask> started this "job" as an unpaid go-fer, answering phones and doing basic clerical chores. After two months, <mask> was eager for a chance to show what he could contribute and saw the situation as an opportunity. "Chuck and his writing partner had parted ways and he needed someone to help finish a project. I was around and available and had the skills. I had to ask him, what are you waiting for?" Once <mask> had called attention to his talents, Colbert began using him as a composer and arranger.A short time later, in the Summer of 1974, <mask> met a young musician who was just completing his military service, Danny Leake. At the time, Danny was a talented songwriter and electric guitar player, but would later become one of America's foremost recording studio engineers and one of <mask>'s closest and most frequent collaborators. In the Fall of 1975, Danny played a significant role in <mask>'s life by introducing him to Ian Levine, a producer and

masks: Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson


title: Paul David Wilson

texts: songwriter, who was a celebrated member of the European black music fan base known as the Northern Soul scene. In 1975, while working with Ian, <mask> composed, arranged and produced for Dance, R&B and Northern Soul recording artists, in the course of which he traveled in the U.S. and England. One of the Levine's artists, Evelyn Thomas, scored a chart hit with her first single, reaching the UK Top 30 in 1976 with the single "Weak Spot," and "which was (co-written and) arrangement by <mask>." As the writer, Neil Rushton, wrote in a review which appeared in Black Echoes, "<mask> put the incredible zinging, scurrying strings in "Your Magic Put A Spell In Me"  performed by [L.J Johnson Ian Levine] for Ian Levine productions and also served as the songwriter and arranger for the "1976 Disco classic, originally sung by James Wells, called "Baby I'm Still The Same Man." Despite the success and trans-Atlantic travel he was experiencing, <mask> still lived at home with his mother and father.One day in early 1976, while diligently making "cold calls" from his parents’ basement in hopes of drumming up some fresh music opportunities, <mask> found himself talking to Jerry Butler, a fellow Chicagoan who was already well known in American soul music. Butler had (with Curtis Mayfield) been one of the original founding members of The Impressions and then established a long later career as a celebrated solo artist. That lucky phone call not only gave <mask> a chance to meet Butler, but soon led to the opportunity to work

masks: Wilson Paul Paul Wilson Wilson Wilson


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 with him on a few projects, including three albums "Suite For The Single Girl",  "It All Comes Out In My Song" (title song) and Thelma (Houston) & Jerry for the Motown label. Subsequently, <mask> and Butler they produce an album on Dee Dee Sharp-Gample with Philadelphia International. Billboard said, "writer/co-producer <mask>'s "Invitation" is a regal, touching trumph that alone would have made for worthwhile album." In 1981 with "Breaking and Entering" / "Easy Money," from Sharp-Gamble's album "Dee Dee", <mask>'s production spent four weeks at number one on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart and Dance Chart Billboard. Burrell Communications Group, LLC

After two years of working with Chuck Colbert and learning the myriad business-related details one must to be successful in commercial music production, in 1976, at age 24, <mask> founded Herschel Commercial, Inc ("I just named it Hershel Commercial, Inc. because it rhymed, he notes) with Maurice Earl, Arlene Johnson and, later, Bruce Montgomery.His first client was Chicago-based Burrell Communications Group, LLC, founded by Tom Burrell. Although Anna Morris, the creative director of Burrell, thought <mask> might benefit from a little more "seasoning" before going out on his own, he proclaimed with great certainty, "Look, I'm ready!" Now, as impressed with his confidence as with his talents, Morris awarded him a package of several arranging spots to produce for Coca-Cola. The tracks featured Kitty Heywood, a sweet-voiced soul singer who had already

masks:
Wilson
Paul Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 performed on a number of albums as well as commercials. Once produced, the spots were enthusiastically received, both at the ad agency and at the client. <mask> was soon creating and producing a long list of memorable and award-winning spots for Burrell and many other ad agencies, often working with such established artists as: Phyllis Hyman, Lena Horne, Anita Baker, Midnight Star, Walter Jackson, The Dells, Peabo Bryson, Ada Dyer Vickie Winans, Tramaine Hawkins, The Bar-Kays, Valerie Simpson, Joshie Jo Armstead, Millie Jackson and Rufus Thomas. Also of note is the score <mask> composed for a television film "Happy Birthday, Martin" sung by Joshie Jo Armstead, which is on permanent display at the King Center in Atlanta.Leo Burnett Worldwide

In 1977, a chance meeting at a barbershop brought <mask> to the attention of Don Richards, a young vice-president and account executive at Leo Burnett Worldwide, Chicago's largest and most celebrated advertising agency. Richards had been hired to facilitate Burnett's efforts to identify promising new African American staffers and suppliers, so he was ready to talk business even on a weekend trip to his barber. On hearing the young composer's story, Richards handed him a card, saying, "Call me... next week." <mask> made sure he called Richards. That meeting was most fortunate for <mask> and for Herschel. It set them on the path to success and helped establish their reputation with even the biggest and best clients, which included such major brand names as Kraft,

masks: Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 Quaker Oats, Campbell Soup Company, United Airlines, Kellogg Company, Coca-Cola, Joseph Schlitz Brewing Company, Anheuser Busch, Busch Entertainment, Disney-ABC Domestic Television, Mars Incorporated, Alberto-Culver and Oprah Winfrey’s Harpo Productions (Oprah Winfrey). In 1980, People magazine, they featured an article on <mask>.The title was "Lookout. A Guide To The Up And Coming." <mask> says, "To be successful, you have to be a chameleon. You're paid to do a job, not to be a conscience." <mask> wrote and composed many memorable TV and Radio music spots during the commercial phase of his career. Some of the many highlights include; "I Wanna Pop, I Wanna Shasta" for Shasta Beverages, "Sweet Talker, Betty Crocker" for Betty Crocker, "Mmm, Ahh, Ohh, Pop ‘N Fresh Dough" for Pillsbury. "Until 1981, I was known for lavish, heartwarming arrangements," says <mask>, who is a classically trained flutist with degrees in composition and orchestration."Then I had a hit with "I Wanna Pop! I Wanna Shasta!" and suddenly I was the rock ‘n’ roll guy, the king of the synthesizers." <mask> won a prestigious CLIO award for his arranging work on the McDonald's commercial "Makin’ Music." Calling Me Home, Chicago

In 1985, <mask> scored a true "crossover hit" when a song he had created for Chicago Convention and Tourism Bureau and composed both lyrics and music featuring Lee Montgomery "Calling Me Home, Chicago," a song written for a $10 million state tourism campaign, became so instantly popular that it was released as a


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 single and sold through area record stores. Jan Zechman of Jan  Zechman Associates said, "For Chicago Tourism, our advertising agency asked six local composers to create a musical centerpiece for our campaign. We expected the competition to be fierce.It was not. One airing of <mask>'s musical vision was enough to win him the job, and to help us create one of the most memorable and successful tourism campaigns in Chicago history. I believe in the power of words, but the power of <mask>'s music, his notes, proved mightier than any pen on this day." That song is widely regarded even today as one of the true "classic" songs of Chicago. Ruth L. Ratny, the owner of the magazine "Screen" and editor, she wrote, "Among the most memorable for the Illinois Department of Tourism, are the unforgettable  "Calling Me Home, Chicago." State tourism director Lynda Simon says is not surprised that <mask> was able to write words and that went a long way towards popularizing the agency's first major television campaign. "He's a  very talented and creative person," says Simon, "and he's a joy to work with."Recording and live performance
In 1987, because of his desire to re-enter the record business, <mask> (with attorney Linda Mensch) discovered and produced a new artist, "Nikki." Eventually signed to Geffen Records, the debut album entitled "Nikki" was released in the summer of 1989. One song, "Notice Me" was a hit, reaching #21 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and #11 on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart, bringing <mask>


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 honors from BMI as writer and publisher of one of the most performed songs of the year. In early 1989, <mask> was called on by noted choral conductor Nathan Carter to orchestrate Robert Ray's "Gospel Mass" for a joint performance of the Morgan State University Choir and the Detroit Symphony. Also in 1989, <mask> was appointed conductor/artistic director for a concert series entitled "Classic Black" (Executive Produced by Valarie Norman). The first concert was given at Chicago's Orchestra Hall in April 1990.<mask> wrote:

Un-D-Nyable Entertainment, Inc. In 1997, <mask> accepted an offer from Frank Thomas, "The Big Hurt" the star player and home run hitter of the Chicago White Sox, to serve as President of Un-D-Nyable Entertainment, an independent record label. <mask> agreed to run the label in partnership with Thomas. Their initial release was a CD single entitled "3-5, The White Sox Got’em Open Up Wide," with Frank Thomas featuring D. Stoy. <mask> discovered and signed Dejah Gomez, a precociously talented 14-year-old singer and songwriter, and hired Cleo Powell, who had an established reputation locally for recognizing and nurturing talent, as the label's A&R Director. In 1998, <mask> hired Jun Mhoon, accomplished both as a musician and an executive at A&M Records, as Executive V.P. General Manager and Maurice White, formerly with Columbia Records, as Promotion Director and Jon Smith, Studio Manager.He also signed Entourage (James "Slique" Adams, Floyd Massey, Eric Wade and Irone Guyton, a R&B singing


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 group), rapper Ant-Dub and STRONG, an R&B group that was a family of five brothers. He then secured the services of songwriters/producers, Jack & Earl and George Claiborne. He soon formed an alliance with the music distributors, Navarro. In late 1998, <mask> produced the debut CD for Dejah Gomez ("Dejah") and Entourage ("The Fall Backs of a Playa") and matching videos for the CD songs and a CD single title "I Can't Hide" featuring STRONG. In December, a single "When," by Entourage, they charted on Billboard. Soon, both Dejah Gomez and Entourage were starting to "take off," but, in January 1999, just as the action and excitement was building for his young record company, <mask> suffered a stroke. Health

On January 2, 1999, the stroke left the active and energetic 46-year-old composer, producer and businessman suddenly and seriously disabled (CT).The doctors revealed that an ischemic CVA of left MCA with hemorrhagic transformation. <mask> was told he had to accept lasting and severe restrictions on his ability to verbally communicate, due to the post-stroke condition known as Aphasia. Aphasia is the inability to speak, read, write or understand speech. <mask> was hospitalized at West Suburban Hospital Medical Center in Oak Park and Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago. Subsequently, he went through rehabilitation at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago and Willowbrook. <mask> wrote:

In need of a restful setting for his recuperation, <mask> and his wife, Terry, relocated to Maui in Hawaii where


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 they lived for five years. <mask> eventually found and studied with Dr. Walter Tokishi, a speech therapist, but the scarcity of expert medical support to help him overcome the limitations imposed by his aphasia was still a drawback of living on Maui.In 2005, he returned to Chicago, where he began an intensive rehabilitation regimen, fiercely determined to resume his musical career. Personal life
<mask> has six brothers. They are:  James Warren (classical/gospel organ, piano), Herbert Liston (Acoustic/electric bass), John Oland (vocalist), Mark Andrew,  Steward Franklin
(B-3, piano). One brother, Mark, died when he was an infant due to heart complication. <mask> has been married and divorced two times and has one stepchild:

to married Marilyn Baynes from 1978 to 1982;
to married Terry Moore from 1982 to 2005 with one stepdaughter, Carmen and one grandson. Professional Activities & Affiliations
He has been a Chicago Chapter Governor and National Trustee of The Recording Academy (NARAS) and active on its Education, Finance, Restructuring and Long Range Planning Committee. In the mid-1990s, he was Chicago Chapter President of The Recording Academy and later served as a trustee of the Winans Academy of Performing Arts.Awards
Grammy "All Out" The Winans
Clio US Television/Cinema – Best New Arrangements Of Commercial Themes – McDonald's – "Makin’ Music"
Clio 10 Awards
BMI Awards "Notice Me" - As writer and publisher of one of the most performed songs of the year. CEBA "Family Is" - McDonald's
CEBA 8

masks: Wilson Wilson Wilson


title: Paul David Wilson

texts:
 Awards

Media
<mask> performed with the band "The Nightclub Band" on the film, A Family Thing (Robert Duvall, James Earl Jones) which also featured the song "Family Thing Blues" on the soundtrack. A film, "Signs," was used with <mask>'s music jingle, "I Wanna Pop, I Wanna Shasta." His song titled, "Invitation" perform by Ada Dyer, was "sample" and then used another song entitled "Brown Sugar (fine)", with the film Brown Sugar, which performed by Mos Def and produced by Kanye West. (The film's credits of  "Brown Sugar (fine)" was incorrect)

Discography
2002: Co-writer. Brown Sugar,  "Brown Sugar(fine)," Mos Def. MCA.1998: Writer, Arranger, Producer, Executive Producer. Dejah, Dejah. Un-D-Nyable Entertainment
1998: Executive Producer. The Fall Backs of a Playa, Entourage. Un-D-Nyable Entertainment
1993: Arranger. "Been Good"  All Out,  The Winans, Qwest Records, R. Kelly, Producer. Grammy Award Winning Album
1989: Co-writer, Arranger, Producer.Nikki, debut album, Geffen. Pop Top Twenty and BMI Award for "Notice Me." 1995: Writer, Arranger, Producer. "Calling Me Home, Chicago." Herschel Records. 1981: Writer, Arranger, Producer. Dee Dee, Dee Dee Sharp Gamble, Philadelphia International Records.1979: Writer, Arranger, Producer. "Invitation," (title song), "Together," Norman Connors, Arista Records. 1976: Writer, Arranger, Producer. "It All Comes Out in My Songs" (title song) and "I Still Remember How It  Used to Feel," Jerry Butler, Motown Records. 1976: Writer, Arranger, Producer. "Music In My Dreams,"

masks: Wilson Wilson


title: Toby Keith

texts: <mask> (born July 8, 1961) is an American country music singer, songwriter, actor, and record producer. <mask> released his first four studio albums—1993's <mask>, 1994's Boomtown, 1996's Blue Moon and 1997's Dream Walkin', plus a Greatest Hits package—for various divisions of Mercury Records before leaving Mercury in 1998. These albums all earned Gold or higher certification, and produced several Top Ten singles, including his debut "Should've Been a Cowboy", which topped the country charts and was the most-played country song of the 1990s. The song has received three million spins since its release, according to Broadcast Music Incorporated. Signed to DreamWorks Records Nashville in 1998, <mask> released his breakthrough single "How Do You Like Me Now?!" in late 1999. This song, the title track to his 1999 album of the same name, was the number one country song of 2000, and one of several chart-toppers during his tenure on DreamWorks Nashville.His next three albums, Pull My Chain, Unleashed, and Shock'n Y'all, produced three more number ones each, and all of the albums were certified 4x Platinum. A second Greatest Hits package followed in 2004, and after that, he released Honkytonk University. When DreamWorks closed in 2005, <mask> founded the label Show Dog Nashville, which merged with Universal South Records to become Show Dog-Universal Music in December 2009. He has released ten studio albums through Show Dog/Show Dog-Universal: 2006's White Trash with Money, 2007's Big Dog Daddy, 2008's That Don't Make Me a Bad Guy, 2009's American Ride, 2010's Bullets in the Gun, 2011's

masks:
Toby Keith Covel
Keith
Toby Keith
Keith
Keith


title: Toby Keith

texts:
 Clancy's Tavern, 2012's Hope on the Rocks, 2013's Drinks After Work, 2015's 35 MPH Town, 2017's The Bus Songs, and 2021’s Peso In My Pocket, as well as the compilation 35 Biggest Hits in 2008. <mask> also made his acting debut in 2006, starring in the film Broken Bridges, and co-starred with comedian Rodney Carrington in the 2008 film Beer for My Horses, inspired by his song of the same name. <mask> has released 19 studio albums, 2 Christmas albums, and 5 compilation albums, totaling worldwide sales of over 40 million albums. He has charted 61 singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, including 20 number one hits and 21 additional top 10 hits.His longest-lasting number one hits are "Beer for My Horses" (a 2003 duet with Willie Nelson) and "As Good as I Once Was" (2005), at six weeks each. <mask> was awarded the National Medal of Arts by President Donald Trump in a closed ceremony alongside Ricky Skaggs on January 13, 2021. Early life
<mask> was born in Clinton, Oklahoma, to Carolyn Joan (née Ross) and Hubert K. Covel, Jr. and is of English ancestry. He has a sister and a brother. The family lived in Fort Smith, Arkansas, for a few years when <mask> was in grade school, but moved to Moore, Oklahoma (a suburb of Oklahoma City), when he was still young. Before the family moved to Moore, he visited his grandmother in Fort Smith during the summers. His grandmother owned Billie Garner's Supper Club in Fort Smith, where <mask> became interested in the musicians who came there to play.He did odd jobs around the supper club and started getting up on the bandstand to play with the

masks: Keith Keith Keith Keith Keith Keith


title: Toby Keith

texts:
 band. He got his first guitar at the age of eight. After the family moved to Moore, <mask> attended Highland West Junior High and Moore High School, where he played defensive end on the football team. <mask> graduated from Moore High School and worked as a derrick hand in the oil fields. He worked his way up to become an operation manager. When <mask> was 20, he and his friends Scott Webb, <mask>, David "Yogi" Vowell and Danny Smith, with a few others, formed the Easy Money Band, which played at local bars as he continued to work in the oil industry. At times, he would have to leave in the middle of a concert if he was paged to work in the oil field.In 1982, the oil industry in Oklahoma began a rapid decline and <mask> soon found himself unemployed. He fell back on his football training and played defensive end with the semi-pro Oklahoma City Drillers while continuing to perform with his band. (The Drillers were an unofficial farm club of the United States Football League's Oklahoma Outlaws; <mask> tried out for the Outlaws but did not make the team.) He then returned to focus once again on music. His family and friends were doubtful he would succeed, but, in 1984, Easy Money (various other band members included Mike Barnes, T.A. Brauer, and David Saylors) began playing the honky-tonk circuit in Oklahoma and Texas. Musical career

In the early 1990s, <mask> went to Nashville, Tennessee, where he hung out and busked on Music Row and at a place called Houndogs.He distributed copies of a demo tape the band had made to the many record companies in the city. There was no interest by any

masks:
Keith
Keith
Keith
Keith Cory
Keith
Keith
Keith


title: Toby Keith

texts:
 of the record labels, and <mask> returned home feeling depressed. He had promised himself and God to have a recording contract by the time he was 30 years old or give up on music as a career. A flight attendant and fan of his gave a copy of <mask>'s demo tape to Harold Shedd, a Mercury Records executive, while he was traveling on a flight she was working. Shedd enjoyed what he heard, went to see <mask> perform live and then signed him to a recording contract with Mercury. 1993–1995: <mask> and Boomtown
<mask>'s debut single, "Should've Been a Cowboy", went to number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in 1993, and it reached number 93 on the Billboard Hot 100.This song led off his self-titled debut album. By the end of the decade, "Should've Been a Cowboy" received more than three million spins at radio, thus making it the most-played country song of the 1990s. Certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipments of one million copies, the album produced three more Top 5 hits on the country charts with "He Ain't Worth Missing" (at #5), "A Little Less Talk and a Lot More Action" (originally the B-side of "Should've Been a Cowboy") and "Wish I Didn't Know Now" (both at #2). Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic wrote of the album, "It is given a production that's a bit too big, clean, glossy and cavernous for <mask>'s good—it fits the outsized sound of early-'90s radio, but not his outsized talent—but beneath that sheen the songs are very strong." He also thought that it showed the signs of the style that <mask> would develop on

masks:
Keith
Keith
Keith
Toby Keith
Keith
Keith
Keith


title: Toby Keith

texts:
 subsequent albums. The album's success led to <mask> touring with then-labelmates Shania Twain and John Brannen. <mask> and Twain also appeared in Tracy Lawrence's music video for "My Second Home" in 1993.<mask> then signed with Polydor Records Nashville and released his second album, Boomtown, in September 1994. Also certified platinum, this album was led off by the number one single "Who's That Man". After it, "Upstairs Downtown" and "You Ain't Much Fun" both made the Top 10, while "Big Ol' Truck" peaked at number 15. By late-1995, he released his first Christmas album, Christmas to Christmas, via Mercury. Composed entirely of original songs, the album produced one chart entry in "Santa I'm Right Here", which reached as high as number 50 based on Christmas airplay. 1996–1998: Blue Moon, Dream Walkin and Greatest Hits Volume One
<mask> then signed with the short-lived Nashville division of A&M Records to release his third album Blue Moon in April 1996. That album received a platinum certification and produced three singles.Its first single, "Does That Blue Moon Ever Shine on You", which <mask> wrote in 1987, peaked at number 2. Following it were "A Woman's Touch" at number 6, and "Me Too", which became his third number one hit in March 1997. <mask> also appeared on The Beach Boys' now out-of-print 1996 album Stars and Stripes Vol. 1 performing a cover of their 1963 hit "Be True to Your School" with the Beach Boys themselves providing the harmonies and backing vocals. Following a corporate merger, <mask> returned to Mercury in 1997. His fourth studio album, Dream Walkin', was also

masks: Keith Keith Keith Keith Keith Keith Keith


title: Toby Keith

texts:
 his first produced by James Stroud, who would also serve as <mask>'s co-producer until 2005. It produced two consecutive number 2 hits with "We Were in Love" and a cover of Sting's 1996 single "I'm So Happy I Can't Stop Crying".Sting also sang duet vocals and played bass guitar on it, and the two also performed the song at the 1997 Country Music Association awards. After this song, the album's title track reached number 5, while "Double Wide Paradise" peaked at number 40. <mask>'s last Mercury release was Greatest Hits Volume One in October 1998. The album included twelve of his prior singles and two new songs: the country rap "Getcha Some" and "If a Man Answers". Both were released as singles, with "Getcha Some" reaching the Top 20, but "If a Man Answers" became his first single to miss the Top 40. According to <mask>, these two songs were originally to be put on a studio album, but Mercury executives, dissatisfied with the album that <mask> had made, chose to put those two songs on a greatest hits package, and asked him to "go work on another album". After he recorded two more songs which the label also rejected, he asked to terminate his contract with the label.After exiting Mercury, <mask> co-wrote Shane Minor's debut single "Slave to the Habit" with Chuck Cannon and Kostas. 1999–2002: How Do You Like Me Now?! and Pull My Chain
In 1999, <mask> moved to DreamWorks Records' Nashville division, of which Stroud served as president. His first release for the label was "When Love Fades", which also failed to make Top 40. Upon seeing the single's poor performance, <mask> requested