title: Mohammed Bouyeri

texts:
<mask> ( ; born 8 March 1978) is a Moroccan-Dutch convicted terrorist serving a life sentence without parole in the prison of Nieuw Vosseveld (Vught) for the assassination of Dutch film director Theo van Gogh. A member of the Hofstad Network, he was incarcerated in 2004 and has since been serving a sentence of life with no possibility of parole. Early life
<mask> is a second-generation Moroccan-Dutchman of Berber origin. In 1995, <mask> finished his secondary education. He changed his major several times and left after five years without obtaining a degree. A second-generation migrant from Morocco, <mask> used the pen name "Abu Zubair" for writing and translating. He often posted letters online and sent e-mails under this name.At an early age he was known to the police as a member of a group of Moroccan "problem-youth". For a while he worked as a volunteer at Eigenwijks, a neighbourhood organization in Amsterdam's Slotervaart suburb. After his mother died and his father remarried in the fall of 2003, he started to live according to strict interpretations of Sunni Islamic Sharia law. As a result, he could perform fewer and fewer tasks at Eigenwijks. For example, he refused to serve alcohol and did not want to be present at activities attended by both women and men. Finally, he put an end to his activities at Eigenwijks altogether. He grew a beard and began to wear a djellaba.He frequently visited the El Tawheed mosque where he met other radical Sunnis, among whom was the suspected terrorist Samir Azzouz. With the group of radicals he is said to have formed the Hofstad Network, a Dutch terrorist cell. Assassination of Theo van Gogh

Background
Filmmaker Theo van Gogh was a vigorous and often polemic critic of several aspects and figures of Dutch society, including religion. In 2004, van Gogh and Ayaan Hirsi Ali, a Somali refugee who had become a member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands, directed a short film called Submission, Part I about Islam and violence against women. In the film, women are shown wearing transparent clothes

masks:
Mohammed Bouyeri
Mohammed Bouyeri
Mohammed Bouyeri
Bouyeri


title: Mohammed Bouyeri

type: original

texts:
 with verses of the Quran written on their bodies. The film first aired in August 2004 on Dutch television in prime time. Assassination
The 26-year-old <mask> assassinated van Gogh in the early morning of 2 November 2004 in front of the Amsterdam-Oost borough office (Dutch: stadsdeelkantoor) while he was bicycling to work.<mask> shot van Gogh eight times with a handgun and also wounded two bystanders. Wounded, van Gogh ran to the other side of the road and fell to the ground on the cycle lane. <mask> then walked up to van Gogh, who was still lying down, and shot him several more times at close range. <mask> then cut van Gogh's throat and tried to decapitate him with a large knife, after which he stabbed the knife deep into van Gogh's chest, reaching his spinal cord. He then attached a five-page note to the body with a smaller knife before fleeing. Van Gogh died on the spot. The written note contained a warning to Ayaan Hirsi Ali.It also made mention of the Jewish political actors in Ali's party, as well as other parties in Dutch politics. It contained repeated references to Jewish party-backers and party leaders. The letter refers to the fundamentalist ideology of the Takfir wal-Hijra. It was signed Saifu Deen alMuwahhied. Arrest
Following an exchange of gunfire with police, during which he was shot in the leg, police arrested <mask> close to the scene of the crime shortly after its commission. In his interrogations, he exercised his right to remain silent. On 11 November, public prosecutor Leo de Wit charged him with six criminal acts: murder, attempted murder (of a police officer), attempted manslaughter (of by-standers and police officers), violation of the law on gun control, suspicion of participation in a criminal organization with terrorist aims, and conspiracy to murder with a terrorist purpose against van Gogh, Representative Ayaan Hirsi Ali, and others.When arrested, <mask> had on him a farewell poem titled In bloed gedoopt ("Baptized in Blood"). Trial

<mask>'s trial took place over two days, 11 and 12 July 2005, in a high-security

masks: Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri


title: Mohammed Bouyeri

texts: building in Amsterdam's Osdorp neighbourhood. In a letter on 8 July, <mask> announced that he would not attend the trial voluntarily and that he did not accept its jurisdiction. The prosecutor demanded that he be forcibly transported to the courthouse, which the court granted. <mask>'s lawyers attended the trial, but they did not ask questions or make closing statements. <mask> appeared before the court carrying a Quran under his arm. At the trial, <mask> expressed no remorse for the murder he admitted to having committed, telling the victim's mother, "I do not feel your pain.I do not have any sympathy for you. I cannot feel for you because I think you are a non-believer." <mask> also expressed that he would have done it again if he had the chance. <mask> also argued that "in the fight of the believers against the infidels, violence is approved by the prophet Muhammad". The prosecutor demanded life imprisonment for <mask>, stating, "The defendant rejects our democracy. He even wants to bring down our democracy. With violence.He is insistent. To this day. He sticks to his views with perseverance." On 26 July 2005, <mask> was sentenced to life in prison, which is the most severe punishment under Dutch law. Unlike other countries in Europe, life imprisonment carries no chance of parole in the Netherlands. A release is technically possible via a pardon by the reigning monarch, but this is extremely rare; only a few of these pardons have ever been successful in recent history. Other than war criminals, <mask> is only the 28th person to receive this punishment since 1945, and the only person to receive a life sentence for a single murder without aggravating circumstances.Life sentences were seen only with multiple-homicide cases, but the Wet terroristische misdrijven (Terrorist Crimes Law) that went into effect on 10 August 2004 extended it to leaders of terrorist organisations. Imprisonments ordinarily in excess of 15 years can be upgraded to life imprisonment, as was the case with <mask>. <mask> is held in the EBI (Supermax) facility within Nieuw

masks: Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri


title: Mohammed Bouyeri

texts:
 Vosseveld prison. In popular culture
  South African artist Marlene Dumas drew a portrait of <mask> in 2005 that has been displayed in the Stedelijk Museum. Leon de Winter's bestselling 2012 novel Acts of Kindness features <mask> and van Gogh as characters. Journalist Theodor Holman, one of van Gogh's best friends, wrote a film in 2014 called 2/11 – Het Spel van de Wolf (a reference to the date van Gogh was killed, November 2; "The Game of the Wolf") that "posits a far-fetched theory that the CIA was in a way responsible for the murder by pressuring the Dutch secret service not to arrest Mr. <mask>—whom Dutch authorities had been monitoring—to use him to get to a bigger fish with ties to Al Qaeda". The film premiered at the Netherlands Film Festival in October 2014 and played on national television on November 2, 2014.The title alludes to Van Gogh's movie 06/05, in which it's implied that Pim Fortuyn's murder was facilitated by the Dutch secret service agency. See also

 Islam in Europe
 Islam in the Netherlands
 Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy
 Kurt Westergaard
 Berbers in the Netherlands

References

Further reading
2 November - Death of a filmmaker
"Text of the farewell poem" at  Indymedia
Albert Benschop. Chronicle of a Political Murder Foretold: Jihad in the Netherlands
Report of Ruud Peters, an expert witness for the prosecution, "Peters Report" (in Dutch)

Further reading
Ian Buruma, Murder in Amsterdam: the Death of Theo van Gogh and the Limits of Tolerance (New York: Penguin Press, 2006). 20th-century Dutch criminals
21st-century Moroccan criminals
1978 births
Living people
Dutch assassins
Dutch Islamists
Dutch people of Moroccan-Berber descent
Criminals from Amsterdam
Islamic terrorism in the Netherlands
Hofstad Network
Dutch prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by the Netherlands
Moroccan prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Moroccan people imprisoned abroad
People convicted of murder by the Netherlands
Dutch people convicted of murder
Muslims with branch missing
Islamist

masks: Bouyeri Bouyeri Bouyeri


title: Louis A. McCall Sr.

texts:
<mask>. (December 28, 1951 – June 25, 1997) was an American singer, songwriter, drummer, and event planner. <mask> is best remembered as the co-founder and drummer of the American Funk/R&B band Con Funk Shun, which gained fame during the 1970s and 1980s with R&B songs such as: "Ffun" (1978), "Chase Me" (1979) and "Baby I'm Hooked (Right into Your Love)" (1983). <mask>'s wife is music business consultant and songwriter <mask>. In 1997, <mask> was murdered in a home invasion robbery at age 45. Career

Con Funk Shun
<mask><mask>. and singer/guitarist Michael Cooper formed Con Funk Shun as high school students in Vallejo, California. Adding members Karl A. Fuller, Paul A. Harrell, Cedric A. Martin, Felton C. Pilate and Danny A. Thomas, the band started out as a backing group for the Soul Children under the name Project Soul. They began working with Stax Records staff songwriters, and while recording at Audio Dimensions, a sound studio in Memphis, Tennessee, producer Ted Sturges both named the group (after an instrumental recording by The Nite-Liters) and produced their first album, Organized Con Funk Shun.In 1976, Con Funk Shun signed to Mercury Records, releasing eleven albums over a span of ten years. The group's 1977 album, Secrets, was certified gold in the U.S., as were Loveshine (1978), Candy (1979), and Spirit of Love (1980). They scored a string of top ten hits on the Billboard black singles chart, including "Ffun" (#1 in 1977), "Shake and Dance with Me" (#5 in 1978), "Chase Me" (#4 in 1979), "Got to Be Enough" (#8 in 1980) and

masks:
Louis Anthony McCall Sr
McCall
McCall
Linda Lou McCall
McCall
Louis A
. McCall Sr


title: Louis A. McCall Sr.

texts:
 "Too Tight" (#8 in 1981). Tensions from within the group built over the 1980s, and the group's final album, Burning Love, was recorded without songwriter and vocalist Felton Pilate, who had left Con Funk Shun following a physical altercation involving <mask>. The band let <mask> go after he missed two concert dates in order to deal with medical problems resulting from a teenage car crash. After leaving Mercury Records, the band broke up in 1986, but some members of the group reunited alongside touring musicians for concerts in the 1990s. Later career
After leaving Con Funk Shun in 1986, <mask> joined forces with his wife, a music business consultant, and started an artist management company in the Washington, DC area.In 1989, they discovered Keith Martin, an aspiring R&B artist, and signed on as his managers. When Linda Lou <mask> was hired by rapper MC Hammer in 1990, the McCalls put Martin on Hammer's Please Hammer, Don't Hurt 'Em tour as a backup musician and vocalist, which launched Martin's career in the music industry. In 1992, Linda Lou formed her own company, The Entertainment Qartel, Inc. (EQartel), specializing in music business administration and entertainment marketing and promotions. In addition to doing radio promotion for EQartel's Atlanta-based street team, the Rhyme Scene Unit, <mask> also became a successful event planner, most notably producing a celebrity benefit for actor/activist Danny Glover at The Fairmont Hotel in San Francisco in January 1993. Death and aftermath
On June 25, 1997, <mask> was found murdered

masks:
McCall
McCall
McCall
McCall
McCall
Louis McCall


title: Louis A. McCall Sr.

texts:
 outside a friend's home in Stone Mountain, Georgia, the apparent victim of a home-invasion robbery. His wife, Linda Lou, fought to keep the case active for eleven years, even asking the Governor of Georgia to assist in reopening the case in 2003. Finally, a suspect was indicted in 2007 in connection with the murder, but it took another year before the case made it to trial on July 21, 2008, with 29-year-old Marques Clair as defendant.Clair was originally arrested with another suspect in <mask>'s slaying in 1999, but prosecutors had dropped the charge due to the District Attorney's refusal to bring the case before a jury with insufficient evidence. Just two days after the start of Clair's murder trial, the proceedings were halted by Superior Court Judge <mask>. A spokeswoman for the DeKalb County Georgia district attorney's office, Jada Hudspeth, stated that the suspension of the trial was "based on an omission" of information. Hudspeth said that District Attorney, Gwen Keyes Fleming, and her staff would evaluate the evidence in the case before deciding whether to retry Clair. On August 7, 2008, after a mistrial was declared, the charges against Clair were formally dismissed with prejudice. Legacy
In recognition of the fact that <mask> was born in Alameda, CA, his name was chosen by the Alameda City Planning Board in April 2014 for naming one of the streets in the proposed residential community, Alameda Landing. On September 21, 2014, <mask> and the other six members of Con Funk Shun were honored by the National R&B Music Society

masks:
McCall
Gregory Adams
Louis McCall
Louis McCall


title: Louis A. McCall Sr.

texts:
 with a Lifetime Achievement Award at a black tie dinner and award ceremony in Atlantic City, New Jersey.At the same event, <mask>'s wife Linda Lou was presented with the "Unsung Heroine" award for her key role in the success of Con Funk Shun and her continued role in keeping the group's legacy alive, in addition to her tireless contribution to R&B music for over four decades. As well as being the band's leader, responsible for booking many of their most lucrative tours, <mask> (along with Linda Lou) wrote several songs for Con Funk Shun, including "California 1", "Bad Lady", and "Honey Wild" (co-written with Con Funk Shun member Danny Thomas). In 2007, "Honey Wild", from the 1980 Spirit of Love album, was sampled by Lil Wayne for his Grammy Award-winning CD Tha Carter III. Personal life
In 1968, at the age of sixteen, <mask> was seriously injured in an automobile accident in Vallejo, California. He experienced medical problems in his adult life as a result of the accident. <mask> met his wife, the former Linda Lou Bolden from Washington, DC, in 1973, when both were working at Stax Records. The couple married on January 15, 1976, in a civil ceremony in San Francisco, California.They had two children, Lindsay Chérie (born in 1979) and <mask> II (born in 1982). <mask> and his wife separated not long before his death, but the pair remained close both personally and professionally. <mask>'s first grandchild, Liam Richard Long, was born on March 2, 2014, to his daughter Lindsay, a Tempe police officer, and her husband in Scottsdale,

masks:
McCall
Louis
McCall
Louis
Louis Anthony
McCall
McCall


title: D. V. Gundappa

texts:
<mask> (17 March 1887 – 7 October 1975), popularly known as <mask>, was an Indian writer, poet and philosopher in Kannada-language. He is one of the stalwarts of modern Kannada literature. His most notable work is the Mankuthimmana Kagga ("Dull Thimma's Rigmarole", 1943), which is similar to the wisdom poems of the late medieval poet Sarvajna. Legacy

Published in 1943, Mankuthimmana Kagga is one of the best known of the major literary works in Kannada. The title of this work can be translated as "Dull Thimma's Rigmarole". Facing life's challenges with cheerfulness, understanding everything as a divine play, recognizing our own and others needs, honoring human aspirations and dreams, working for noble causes and above all, dissolving our ego in mature thinking are among the great thoughts that the Kagga offers. Countless similes, metaphors and multitude of choice expressions make the reading of the Kagga thoroughly delightful.Translated twice into English, this work has its renderings in Hindi and Sanskrit too. Throwing light on life in its various aspects, this inspiring literature sends out a positive message to all: live, learn, grow and be a blessing to your surroundings. DVG was a titan among Kannada writers, says Ranganatha Sharma. Though DVG only completed matriculation, he gained tremendous knowledge to become a preeminent literary name in Karnataka. DVG's concern for society was incomparable and he was one of the great persons to serve ‘Kannadanadu’. D. V. G wrote a sequel to Mankuthimmana Kagga, known as Marula Muniyana Kagga. Marula Muniyana Kagga is practically the extension of Mankuthimmana Kagga.These are the stray poems of DVG which have been collected together and published after his death. There are 825 poems in this book, 120 poems less than the number of poems in Kagga. Like the growing tail of
Hanuman in Lanka,
Questions

masks:
Devanai Venkataramanaiah Gundappa
DVG


title: D. V. Gundappa

texts:
 and problems keep
"Surging forth for this talkative,a stammerer, Marula Muniya"

No Comic story is this Kagga, nor
It is an emotional outpouring,
Stuff it is for cogitation in mind,
Enjoy each poem, one at a time, Marula Muniya

He also wrote Srimad BhagavadGeeta Tatparya, also known as Jeevana Dharma Yoga, which has received the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1967. Jeevanadharmayoga (yoga of everyday life) is an extraordinary piece of literature, which provides great solace and at the same time makes a commoner realize values of life, D.V.G has turned the great Hindu philosophical work into a common man's handbook of useful life. Vasantha Kusumanjali was the first collection of poems of DVG. Poems on popular personalities such as nationalists, social reformers, administrators, philanthropists and their activities have been included in this collection. The pen pictures of Tilak, Gokhale, Rabindranath Tagore, <mask>, Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Gandhi highlight the characteristic qualities of the personalities depicted.On the occasion of his birth centenary, all his works compiled in eleven volumes titled "D.V.G. Kriti Shreni", are jointly published by Department of Kannada and Culture and Karnataka Sahitya Academy. Very ably edited by late Dr. Ha.Ma. Nayak the volumes were published between 1990 and 2000. A second edition was brought out in 2005 CE. DVG served as the president of the 18th Kannada Sahitya Sammelana (Literary Conference) held in Madikeri in 1932. DVG was a pioneer in writing biography in Kannada.He knew well that human traits were basic material for both creative writing and writing of biography. The book Dadabhai Navaroji that he wrote in 1950 is in a way his experiment with biographical writing. The first biography of Rangacharlu by DVG virtually reveals the author's abounding interest in politics, his deep public sympathy and his faith


title: D. V. Gundappa

texts:
 firmly rooted in democracy. These very values of the author were reiterated in his second biography of Gopalakrishna Gokhale. Other than the biography of <mask> Rangacharlu, the biography of Gopalakrishna Gokhale by DVG is a much appreciated one. Gopalakrishna Gokhale had immense influence on DVG. He was in total agreement with Gokhale's principle, namely, "Public life must be spiritualized".This very fact led him to found the Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs later. In the preface to the biography, DVG wrote "I have written this book to enuciate some principles, ends and means in which I have full faith, implementation of which would do good to the people and society." Gokhale lived a frugal life. This quality along with the undivided commitment to finish the works being undertaken, heavily influenced DVG throughout his life. The biography of Gokhale saw many reprints and it was also prescribed as a textbook. Selected lectures of Gokhale were later added to it. DVG founded the Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs GIPA) located in Bull Temple Road, Basavanagudi and promoted fine arts of India.Sri Nittoor Srinivasa Rao, The then Chief Justice of Karnataka, Masti <mask> Iyengar, V.T.Srinivasan, the Principal of Vijaya College, Bengaluru were some of his close associates. DVG died on 7 October 1975. The road where his residence existed in Nagasandra road has been renamed as DVG Road in Basavanagudi. Journalism
DVG started his career in journalism in 1906–07. He started Kannada newspapers "Bharat" and "Karnataka". DVG started a weekly called "Sumathi" and a publication division called "Sumathi Granthamale"  under which a dozen small books were published in the course of eight months. The biography of <mask> Rangacharlu was highly appreciated out of these."The Karnataka" started off as an English magazine to be published twice every week. With

masks: Diwan Venkatesa Diwan


title: D. V. Gundappa

texts: <mask> <mask>'s help, he published the first issue of  "The Karnataka" on 2 April 1913. After about a year, "The Karnataka" started publishing articles in Kannada. Many important books got an opening in the paper. The English paper earned him a lot of respect and honour from all quarters. DVG was forced to close the paper in 1921 due to want of sufficient support. The book called Vrutta Patrike which was published in 1928 contained the codified quintessence of newspaper publication.Among his books, the one on Political Science published in 1952 can be said to be his tour de force. The rich experience he earned through years of keen observation of state administration, deep study of books of important western political thinkers and his own political formulations have gone into the making of this book. This is the first book of its kind to be published in Kannada. It deals with a variety of subjects relating to formation of state, characteristics of a responsible government, the concept of freedom, freedom of the people, weaknesses of democracy, impact of franchise, fundamental rights and economic policies and principles. A comprehensive coverage apart, the book contained forthright expression of opinions, and is occupying libraries even now as an ideal book of reference for students of political science. In fact, D. V<mask> established the Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs (GIPA) at Bengaluru to facilitate a central meeting place for intellectuals, common folk, people with dissenting ideas and ideologies and critics to assemble under one roof to deliberate upon and discuss social issues with a democratic spirit. Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs is today chaired and managed by noted intellectual, writer and journalist S. R. Ramaswamy who shared a close proximity to D. V. G. for several years.A nationalist shall not merely have control over

masks:
Diwan
Visvesvaraya
. Gundappa


title: D. V. Gundappa

texts:
 the weaknesses of political nature but would cultivate the qualities of politeness and cordiality. Power without the fear of inquiry is like pickles without salt that would degenerate into a pit of worms, according to DVG. The fear of inquiry is the bodyguard of power administration. DVG has also written two books of the same genre, namely, Principles of Constitution and Probity in Public Life. The first book traces the development of political science in the west in comparison with its growth in the east. It prescribes a standard of minimum education required for administration and citizens. The second one explains in delicate terms the political situation obtaining at present.It is normal nature of man not to exert himself. "Be relaxed, not to bother yourself, let it happen whatever that happens." Awards and honours

<mask> was awarded Padmabhushan by the Government of India in 1974. The State of Karnataka under Chief Minister Sri <mask> Patil honored him for his services to Kannada literature in 1970 at Ravindra Kalakshetra, Bengaluru and awarded a purse of Rs 90,000. DVG donated the entire award money to the Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs. India Post issued a commemorative stamp of Dr. <mask> in 1988. In 2003, a statue was erected to honor DVG in Bugle Rock Park, Basavanagudi.See also
 B. G. L. Swamy

References

Cited sources

External links

Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs
eBooks of D. V. Gundappa
Letters and Correspondences of D.V. Gundappa
<mask><mask>
The Gita for Every Man

1887 births
1975 deaths
Kannada-language writers
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education
People from Kolar district
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Kannada
20th-century Indian philosophers
Kannada poets
Translators of Omar Khayyám
20th-century Indian translators
20th-century Indian poets
Indian male writers
Writers from

masks:
Gundappa
Veerandra
Gundappa
D V
. Gundappa


title: Sara Niemietz

texts:
<mask> () (born June 7, 1992) is an American singer/songwriter and actress based in Los Angeles, California. She has performed on Broadway,  at Radio City Music Hall, and the Grand Ole Opry. A substantial portion of her YouTube offerings are live performance music-videos and her channel has surpassed 25 million views. Her regular co-writer and long-time accompanist is W. G. Snuffy Walden, and she has also co-written with Melissa Manchester. Niemietz is a regular cast-member with Postmodern Jukebox, appearing on a dozen albums, a PBS television special, and an MTV music video. She is a featured artist on Richard Marx's A Night Out with Friends (2012) (PBS), Christmas Spirit (2012), and B. J. Thomas's The Living Room Sessions (2013). Early life and education
Niemietz first appeared on stage at age 4, when BJ Thomas helped her on to the stage.On video, BJ Thomas appears delighted that the youngster is completely at ease with singing "Hooked on a Feeling" in front of an audience. Following her brief time on stage, Thomas can be heard to say, "I can't believe she knows the words!" and repeats an inaudible comment from the audience, "...she knows all my songs?" Reunited in 2012, Niemietz and Thomas recorded "Hooked on a Feeling" for Thomas' The Living Room Sessions (2013) album. Delivering Chicago and Broadway theater performances, beginning at age 9, Niemietz continued her career in California with television roles, film roles, soundtrack productions, music videos and CDs. Niemietz played young Helen in Hollywood Arms (2002), the Broadway presentation of Carol Burnett's memoirs. She is Polly in the feature film Akeelah and the Bee (2006), and Niemietz played a starring role of Patrice in the world premier of Jason Robert Brown's musical, 13 at the Mark


title: Sara Niemietz

texts:
 Taper Forum in 2007.Niemietz is the vocalist on the soundtrack for The Exorcism of Emily Rose (2005) and she is also the guitarist on the 2010 season of the television series, Glee. Niemietz graduated from Saugus High School in 2010, maintained an "A" level GPA, was active in the school's Theater Department and played Luisa in Saugus High School's production of The Fantasticks during her senior year. She is also a graduate of the Barbizon School of Acting and Modeling (Chicago). Career
With high school behind her, Niemietz teamed with Emmy Award winner, W. G. Snuffy Walden, and Taylor Made Studios for her latest EP offerings, Push Play and Christmas Favorites. The team have produced dozens of music videos, covering contemporary hits and original compilations. Niemietz's cover of Adele's "Rolling in the Deep" brought 7 million views after her YouTube presentations caught the attention of Ellen DeGeneres. Niemietz appeared as a featured artist on the Ellen DeGeneres Show in May 2011, and, in January 2012, she charted #14 on Billboard magazine's, Next Big Sound.On June 10, 2012, <mask> was again invited to share the stage with 5-time Grammy Award-winning, B. J. Thomas, some fifteen years after their initial impromptu performance. Niemietz is featured on Thomas' 2013 album, The Living Room Sessions, with Niemietz and Thomas performing a duet of his 1968 Top 10 hit, "Hooked on a Feeling." Niemietz is also featured in duet with Richard Marx on his 2012 album and PBS live television special, A Night Out With Friends, singing Marx's number one Adult Contemporary hit, "Keep Coming Back". Marx again called upon Niemietz to perform "Santa Claus is Coming to Town," a duet, for his first Christmas album, Christmas Spirit. Niemietz and Walden co-wrote the


title: Sara Niemietz

texts: song, "Set You Free" for Phil Scarpaci's 2011 film, In The Key of Eli. Niemietz and Walden also wrote the song, "Never Too Far From Home" which Niemietz performs in the 2012 short film, Stetson, Street Dog of Park City, a film promoting the adoption of abandoned pets. On June 28, 2013, shortly after her twenty-first birthday, Niemietz took the stage with B. J. Thomas to perform "Hooked on a Feeling" at the Grand Ole Opry.On May 31, 2014, Niemietz performed with Mary Ann Mobley at the tenth annual What A Pair! benefit for cancer research, at the Saban Theater, in Beverly Hills. Melissa Manchester and <mask> (BMI) co-wrote the song "Feeling For You" for Manchester's album, You Gotta Love the Life (2015), with Keb' Mo' producing the song and playing guitar on the track. "Feelin' for You" was pre-released as a single on January 9, 2015, and premiered at #2 on the Smooth jazz charts. You Gotta Love the Life was released on February 10, 2015, and hit #17 on the Billboard Magazine Jazz Albums chart for the week of February 28, 2015. Niemietz appears on the closing track of Scott Bradlee's, Postmodern Jukebox, Swipe Right For Vintage, released on July 30, 2015. Rearranged by Bradlee, the Talking Heads', "This Must Be the Place (Naive Melody)" (1983), is transformed into a swing piece featuring the horns of  Lemar Guillary and Danny Janklow.An accompanying music video was released on August 20, 2015. September continued to be a busy time for Niemietz in 2015. She performed at the Governor's Ball after-party for the Emmy Awards on September 20, rushing back to Los Angeles after performing at the ninetieth birthday-bash for Gerald Hines at the University of Houston on the previous evening. Postmodern Jukebox released a second collaborative video featuring


title: Sara Niemietz

texts:
 Niemietz, singing Scott Bradlee's rendition of "Hey Ya!" (2003) by Outkast, with Matt Bloyd and Kenton Chen backing Niemietz on vocals. Niemietz released her new EP, Fountain & Vine on September 22, with her song "Taxi Outside" as the first video - single. Niemietz spoke with Next Big Thing Radio about these activities on September 21.In November 2015, Niemietz joined the U.S. Northeastern leg of the Postmodern Jukebox tour, culminating the season at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles on December 11, 2015. Time magazine reported on Niemietz' third music video with Postmodern Jukebox, a Dixieland arrangement of Justin Bieber's "Love Yourself" (2015),

On March 26, 2016, Niemietz performed as a featured vocalist with PostModern Jukebox at the Dubai Jazz Festival. Niemietz performed throughout the 75 show European Union tour, culminating in Istanbul, Turkey on June 3. In August 2016, she released another video with Postmodern Jukebox, I Will Survive. Theater

<mask>'s professional stage career began on April 19, 2002, at the Goodman Theater in Chicago, when she played the character of young Carol Burnett (Young Helen) in the pre-Broadway production of Hollywood Arms. Niemietz played the younger (1941 era) Helen in the first act, with Donna Lynne Champlin playing (1951 era) Helen in the second act. Following the Chicago run, she played 76 performances on Broadway at age 10.While in New York, Niemietz also played the lead character in Pamela's First Musical at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts; adapted from the children's book, written by Wendy Wasserstein, music was written by Cy Coleman and lyrics provided by David Zippel. In Los Angeles, in 2007, Niemietz played the role of Patrice in the Los Angeles premiere of the Jason Robert Brown


title: Sara Niemietz

texts:
 and Dan Elish musical, 13. Director Todd Graff described Niemietz as the "rock" of the cast and one of four incumbent actors from the workshop production to earn roles in the premiere. The Los Angeles production of 13, with an all teenage cast and band, received a nomination for the 2007 LA Stage Alliance Ovation Awards, World Premiere Musical

Niemietz was chosen to play the role of Wanda in Enter Laughing, The Musical, a one night only performance (January 28, 2013), honoring Carl Reiner's seventy-fifth year in the entertainment industry. In 2015, Niemietz was again cast as Wanda in Carl Reiner's musical, Enter Laughing, this time at the Wallis Annenberg Theater in Beverly Hills, CA. Soundtrack

<mask> is the credited vocalist for The Exorcism of Emily Rose (2005). Niemietz worked with film composer Christopher Young on The Exorcism of Emily Rose and provided vocals again on Young's compositions for The Uninvited (2008).Her soundtrack appearances include:

 Polly Pocket: Lunar Eclispe]]
 Polly Pocket: 2 Cool At the Pocket Plaza
 Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper
 The Exorcism of Emily Rose
 PollyWorld
 Teen Witch the Musical
 Moondance Alexander
 The Uninvited / The Uninvited (soundtrack)
 Mickey Matson and the Copperhead Conspiracy
 In The Key of Eli
 Stetson, Street Dog of Park City

Discography

Niemietz has performed on six soundtracks and is a featured guest on Richard Marx, B. J. Thomas, Postmodern Jukebox albums and videos. Niemietz is primarily accompanied by W.G. Snuffy Walden, with various studio musicians appearing on her albums such as: George Doering, Randy Kerber, Bennett Salvay, Andrew Shulman and Herman Matthews. Filmography
Niemietz's film appearances include the supporting role of Polly in Akeelah and the Bee. In 2003,


title: Sara Niemietz

texts:
 Niemietz played the part of Mona in the short film, Home, which was written and directed by Nancy Deren. Other television appearances
On September 15, 2002, <mask> and Donna Lynne Champlin performed the song, "I'm Always Chasing Rainbows" before an estimated audience of fifty thousand in Times Square at the eleventh annual Broadway on Broadway event. Niemietz and Champlin also performed "I'm Always Chasing Rainbows" on ABC's The View in 2002.On May 4, 2011, <mask> made a featured artist appearance on The Ellen DeGeneres Show. In July 2011, <mask> was interviewed on SVCtv's House Blend, where she premiered her song, "Dangerous Outside". On May 31, 2012, on episode 109 of Front Row Center featuring Richard Marx' A Night Out With Friends. Marx and Niemietz perform the song, "Keep Coming Back". On September 15, 2014, <mask>' rendition of The Byrds', "Turn! Turn! Turn!", was used for the closing scene of Under the Dome (CBS) season two, episode twelve. For 2015, <mask>' cover of Etta James, "At Last", was chosen for the eight-week prime-time television promotion for Scandal's (ABC's) fifth season. On March 11, 2016, Niemietz covered a big band version of Elle King's "Ex's & Oh's" with tap dancer <mask> on MTV UK. References

External links
 Official Website
 YouTube Channel

1992 births
Living people
American stage actresses
American women pop singers
American women singer-songwriters
Singers from Chicago
American film actresses
American television actresses
American people of Polish descent
American musical theatre actresses
21st-century American actresses
Articles containing video clips
21st-century American women singers
American YouTubers
Female YouTubers
Music YouTubers
YouTube vloggers
21st-century American singers
Singer-songwriters from

masks:
Sara Niemietz
Sara Niemietz
Niemietz
Niemietz
Niemietz
Sarah Reich


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
<mask> of Denmark (; November 1521 – 10 December 1590) was a Danish princess, the younger surviving daughter of King Christian II of Denmark and Norway and Isabella of Austria. She became the duchess-consort of Milan, then duchess-consort of Lorraine. She served as the regent of Lorraine from 1545 to 1552 during the minority of her son. She was also a claimant to the thrones of Denmark, Norway and Sweden in 1561–1590. Finally, she was sovereign Lady of Tortona in 1578–1584. Early life
<mask> was born in Nyborg in central Denmark in 1521. In January 1523, nobles rebelled against her father and offered the throne to his uncle, Duke Frederick of Holstein.<mask> and her sister and brother followed their parents into exile in April of the same year, to Veere in Zeeland, the Netherlands, and were raised by the Dutch regents, their grandaunt and aunt, Margaret of Austria and Mary of Hungary. Her mother died on 19 January 1526. In 1532, her father Christian II of Denmark was imprisoned in Denmark after an attempt to retake his throne. The same year, her brother died, and she became second in line to her father's claim to the Danish throne after her elder sister Dorothea. <mask> was given a good education by her aunt, the regent of the Netherlands, under supervision of her governess, Madame de Fiennes. She was described as a great beauty, intelligent and lively, and enjoyed hunting and riding. As a ward of her uncle the Emperor, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and a member of the Imperial house, she was a valuable pawn on the political marriage market.In 1527, Thomas Wolsey, Primate of England, suggested that Henry FitzRoy, Duke of

masks: Christina Christina Christina Christina


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
 Richmond and Somerset the illegitimate son of Henry VIII be married to <mask> or Dorothea, but the Habsburgs did not wish for them to marry someone born out of wedlock. In 1531, Francesco II Sforza, Duke of Milan proposed to marry either of the sisters, as he wished to make an alliance to the Imperial house. Charles V denied him a match with Dorothea, but agreed to a marriage with <mask>. Duchess of Milan
On 23 September 1533 in Brussels, <mask> was married by proxy to Francesco II Sforza, Duke of Milan, through his representative Count Massimiliano Stampa. On 3 May 1534, <mask> made her official entry in Milan among great festivities, and on 4 May, the second wedding ceremony was celebrated in the hall of the Rocchetta. <mask>'s relationship with Francesco was reportedly good, and she was very popular in Milan, where she was regarded as a symbol of peace and hope for the future after decades of war, and her beauty was much admired. She enjoyed hunting parties, and the palace was redecorated and beautified for her.When she was given her own court, her chief lady in waiting was Francesca Paleologa of Montferrat, spouse of Constantine Comnenus, titular Prince of Macedonia, who was to become one of her most intimate lifelong friends. Francesco II Sforza was at that time very weak, as his health had never recovered after he survived a poison attempt years before, and there was concern that he would never be able to have children, and die without heirs. According to the marriage settlement, the Duchy of Milan was to become a part of the Empire if it did not result in issue. She and Francesco had no children. Francesco II Sforza

masks: Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina


title: Christina of Denmark

texts: died in October 1535, leaving her widowed when she was thirteen. Her rights as a widow to the town of Tortona for life was secured, while the Duchy was incorporated with the Empire. However, Massimiliano Stampa remained in charge as castellan of Milan, and <mask> remained in the ducal residence.Charles V supported her wish to stay in Milan, as she was very popular there and her presence was regarded as a protection to Milanese independence and calm. As a way to save Milanese independence, Stampa suggested that she marry the heir to the throne of Savoy, prince Louis of Piedmonte, but the plan failed because of his death shortly thereafter. Pope Paul III suggested that she marry the son of his niece Cecilia Farnese, who, though a few years older than her, was raised as her foster son in the court of Milan after the death of his mother. When the French king repeated his claims to the throne of Milan on behalf of his son, the duke of Orléans, a marriage was suggested to the youngest son of the French monarch, the duke of Angoulême, but Charles V refused the match unless Angoulême, instead of Orléans, was granted the Duchy of Milan, should he recognize the French claims on the Duchy. <mask> welcomed duchess Beatrice of Savoy when Savoy was occupied by the French, and was present on the meeting between Beatrice and the Emperor in Pavia in May 1536. In December of that year, Milan was officially given over to the command of an Imperial official, and <mask> was escorted to Pavia. Before she left, she took the title Lady of Tortona, and had a governor named to manage her dower city for her.On October 1537, <mask> went to live at the


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
 court of her aunt, the Governor of the Low Countries, Dowager Queen Mary of Hungary, by way of Innsbruck, visiting her sister at the palatinate before arriving in Brussels in December. <mask> was a favorite of Mary. First widowhood

After Jane Seymour, the third wife of Henry VIII, died in 1537, <mask> was considered as a possible bride for the English king. The German painter Hans Holbein was commissioned to paint portraits of noblewomen eligible to become the English queen. On 10 March 1538, Holbein arrived in Brussels with the diplomat Philip Hoby to meet <mask>. Hoby arranged with Benedict, the Master of <mask>'s household, for a sitting the next day. <mask> sat for the portrait for three hours wearing mourning dress.Her rooms in Brussels were hung with black velvet, black damask and a black cloth-of-estate. <mask>, then only sixteen years old, made no secret of her opposition to marrying the English king, who by this time had a reputation around Europe for his mistreatment of wives: Henry had divorced his first wife Catherine of Aragon (<mask>'s great-aunt), and beheaded his second, Anne Boleyn. She supposedly said, "If I had two heads, one should be at the King of England's disposal." It was also obvious that Mary of Hungary was less than enthused with the match, being no admirer of Henry VIII. Mary, and <mask>'s mother, were Henry's first wife's nieces. Henry pursued the marriage until January 1539, when the attitude of Mary made it obvious that the match would never take place. Thomas Wriothesley, the English diplomat in Brussels, advised Thomas Cromwell that Henry should; "fyxe his most noble stomacke in some such

masks: Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina


title: Christina of Denmark

texts: other place."William, Duke of Cleves, proposed to <mask>. William had been made duke of Guelders by will of the last childless duke of Guelders. This was contested by the Emperor, who wished to incorporate Guelders with the Netherlands. It was also contested by the Duchy of Lorraine, who regarded Guelders as their property through Philippa of Guelders, and the purpose of his proposal was to secure the Emperors support of his succession to Guelders against the claims of Lorraine. The other suitors were Francis, heir to the Duchy of Lorraine, and Antoine, Duke of Vendôme, later Antoine of Navarre. The proposal of William of Cleves was refused by Charles V because of the Guelders question. <mask> herself was, in fact, in love with René of Chalon, Prince of Orange in 1539–40.It was noted in court that René was in love with <mask> and courted her, and that she returned his feelings. An eventual love match was supported by <mask>'s sister Dorothea and by her brother-in-law Frederick, who stated that he would like his sister-in-law to marry for love if she could. The regent Mary condoned the courtship unofficially, but she gave no official comment because she wished for her brother the emperor to state whether he needed <mask> for a political marriage before she allowed her to enter a love match. In October 1540, Charles V forced René of Orange to marry Anne of Lorraine, and then declared <mask> engaged to Anne's brother, Francis of Lorraine, to strengthen the alliance between the Empire and Lorraine after it had been damaged in the Guelders affair. In February 1540, <mask> aided her sister Dorothea, who was sent to the Emperor on

masks: Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
 the commission of her spouse Frederick, to plead her father's cause with the Emperor, and prevent a renewal of the truce between the Netherlands and King Christian III of Denmark. After consulting Archbishop Carondelet, the president of the council, and Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, Dorothea and <mask> sent the following official petition to the Emperor:
"My sister and I, your humble and loving children, entreat you, as the fountain of all justice, to have compassion on us. Open the prison doors, which you alone are able to do, release my father, and give me advice as to how I may best obtain the kingdom which belongs to me by the laws of God and man."Their appeal was, however, unsuccessful. Duchess of Lorraine

On 10 July 1541, <mask> married Francis, Duke of Bar in Brussels. Francis had been betrothed to Anne of Cleves, who became the fourth wife of Henry VIII. In August, <mask> and Francis reached Pont-à-Mousson, in Lorraine, where they visited the dowager duchess Philippa, and continued to the capital in Nancy escorted by the Guise family. In November 1541, <mask>, her spouse, and father-in-law visited the French court in Fontainebleau, where they were forced to cede the fort of Stenay to France. <mask> prevented this from creating a rift between Lorraine and the Emperor. During the war between France and the Emperor in 1542, she lived in the French court at several occasions visiting her aunt, Queen Eleanor.In February 1544, <mask> and her sister Dorothea visited the Emperor at Spires, reportedly to implore him to make peace with France, though without success. On 19 June 1544, Francis succeeded his father as Duke of

masks: Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
 Lorraine. In July, he and <mask> hosted the Emperor in Lorraine, but failed to convince him to start peace negotiations. In August, the Emperor ordered that the residence of the Guise family in Joinville be spared by the Imperial army on <mask>'s request, as she had asked him for this favor out of consideration of Anne of Lorraine. The same month, Charles V asked <mask> to prevent Francis from visiting the French court, as he would take this as a sign of peace negotiations, but she replied that he had already left. When the war was finally ended later the same year, <mask> was present at the peace celebrations in Brussels. <mask> acted as the political adviser of Francis.This was noted during the 1544 Council of Speyer. Their relationship was described as happy: they shared a common interest in music and architecture, and planned to redecorate the palace in Nancy. At one occasion during the marriage, <mask> referred to herself as the happiest woman in the world. Regent of Lorraine
Francis died on 12 June 1545, leaving <mask> as Regent of Lorraine and the guardian of her minor son. His will was contested by a party headed by Count Jean I de Salm (d. 1560), who regarded <mask> as a puppet of the emperor, and so wished to place her brother-in-law as her co-regent. <mask>, being pregnant at the time, postponed the funeral, withdrew to her dower estate, and sent word to Charles V. On 6 August, after mediation from the emperor, <mask> and her brother-in-law were declared co-regents during the minority, with both of their seals necessary to issue orders, but with <mask> as the main regent with sole custody of the minor monarch. In

masks: Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina Christina


title: Christina of Denmark

texts: October 1546, she hosted the French king at Bar, who tried to convince her to marry the Count of Aumale.However, she refused to marry again. <mask> was present at the Diet of Augsburg in 1547 with her aunt Mary of Hungary and dowager princess Anne of Orange. A marriage was discussed between <mask> and king Sigismund of Poland during the diet. She was also courted by Marquis Albert of Brandenburg, Lord of Culmbach and Burgrave of Nuremberg, whose infatuation with her attracted attention. She opposed the marriage of her brother-in-law Nicolas of Vaudemont and Margaret of Egmont, because she feared it would displease France. In March 1549, she made an official visit to Brussels to be present at the welcome of Prince Philip of Spain to the Netherlands. On this occasion, Philip gave her so much attention that it caused discontent, and she left for Lorraine to avoid any complications.In Lorraine, <mask> was careful to maintain good relations to the Guise family, who were closely affiliated with the French court, and she had Stenay, Nancy and several other strongholds fortified against an expected French attack. In September 1550, she had Charles the Bold reburied in Lorraine. The same year, she attended the Diet of Augsburg for the second time, and was much celebrated as a hostess for the attending princes. In May 1551, she hosted her sister and brother-in-law in Lorraine. In September 1551, France prepared for war against the Empire. Being counted as an Imperial ally, Lorraine was in immediate danger. <mask> tried to ally herself with the Guise family, sent warnings to the Emperor, and asked both him and Mary of Hungary for


title: Christina of Denmark

texts: assistance in defending Lorraine, as she had noted French war preparations along the border.She warned that Lorraine had no army of its own, and that there was opposition to the Emperor among the local nobility, which would welcome a French invasion. On 5 February 1552, Henry II of France marched toward the German border, reaching Joinville on the 22nd. <mask> failed to secure help from the Netherlands and the Emperor, and on 1 April, she traveled to the duchess Antoinette of Guise in Joinville, in the company of princess dowager Anne of Lorraine, to ask the French monarch to respect the neutrality of Lorraine. Her appeal was successful, and the king assured her that Lorraine was in no danger of being attacked. On 13 April 1552, France invaded the Duchy of Lorraine, and the French king entered the capital of Nancy. The day after, <mask> was informed that she was deprived of the custody of her son, whom the king was to take with him when he left and who was thereafter to be brought up at the French court, and that she and all other Imperial officials in Lorraine were deprived of any offices in the rule of Lorraine. All Imperial officials were to leave the duchy: <mask> herself was not asked to leave, but she was deprived of any share in the regency, and Lorraine was to be ruled solely by her former co-regent, the duke of Vaudemont, who would be asked to make an oath of loyalty to France.On a famous occasion, <mask> entered the hall Galerie des Cerfs, where the king and his court were gathered. Dressed in her widow's black and a white veil, begged him to take all he wished save her son. This scene was described as touching by


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
 the courtiers present, but the king merely replied that Lorraine was too close to the enemy border for him to leave her son, and escorted her out. <mask> retired to her dower house in Denœuvre. In May 1552, her brother-in-law Vaudemont informed her of his wish to open the gates for the Imperial army, and letters from her were intercepted, after which Henry II of France ordered her to leave Lorraine. Because of the warlike state of the area, she could not reach the Netherlands, but took refuge in Schlettstadt, until she could reunite with her uncle the emperor when he reached the area with his army in September. She was then able to depart for the court of her sister in Heidelberg, in the Palatinate, with her daughters and former sister-in-law Anne, and from there, finally, to the court of her aunt Mary in Brussels in the Netherlands, where she settled.Exile
<mask> received marriage proposals from King Henry of Navarre, Adolf of Holstein, the prince of Piedmont, and Albert of Brandenburg. The latter promised to recover the kingdom of her father for her. However, she refused to marry, and focused on negotiations with France to recover the custody of her son. She was present at the abdication of Emperor Charles V in Brussels in October 1555, followed by the ceremony when her aunt Mary of Hungary stepped down from the regency of the Netherlands. She took leave of them on their departure to Spain in October 1556. The emperor suggested that Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy should marry her, and in parallel be made governor of the Netherlands, but though he replaced Mary as governor that year, the match never took place. After

masks: Christina Christina


title: Christina of Denmark

texts: the war between France and the Empire ended, she applied to the French for permission to return to Lorraine and reunite with her son there.This was not possible. The French monarch pointed out in 1556 that her son would be declared of legal majority, and her claim to regency moot in any case in another year. Furthermore, King Philip did not wish to give her permission to leave Brussels, because he enjoyed her company, and her popularity in the Netherlands was of use to him. She visited England for the first time in April 1555, though not much information are recorded of this first visit. In February–May 1557, she and Margaret of Parma visited the court of Mary I of England. They were welcomed by Queen Mary with a grand banquet at Whitehall. The rumoured reason for their visit was that they planned to take the Princess Elizabeth with them to give her in marriage to the Duke of Savoy.This marriage plan was blocked by the Queen. <mask> made a good impression in London during her visit, and reportedly made friends with the Lords Arundel and Pembroke, visited several Catholic shrines, and was shown the Tower of London. There was, however, some displeasure from the side of Queen Mary, because of the affection and attention she was given by Philip. She was also denied a visit to see Princess Elizabeth, who was kept in seclusion at Hatfield at the time. In May, she returned to the Netherlands. <mask> was finally, through the negotiation of her former brother-in-law Nicolas de Vaudemont, given permission to meet her son. The meeting took place in the border village Marcoing in May 1558.She was invited to his wedding in Paris in


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
 1559, but declined as she was by then in mourning for her foster-mother, Mary of Hungary, and because she had by then accepted the task of presiding at the peace conference between France and Spain. In October–September 1558, <mask> presided as a mediator in the peace negotiations at Cercamp, upon request. The negotiations were discontinued because of the death of Mary of Hungary. When the peace conference was opened again, she again resumed her post as the president of the conference, which took place in Le Cateau-Cambrésis, in February–April 1559. The peace treaty was regarded as a triumph of <mask>'s diplomacy skills. When the Duke of Savoy resigned from his post as governor of the Netherlands in May 1559, <mask> was a popular choice to be his successor. She was popular in all classes in the Netherlands, where she had been raised and by whom she was regarded as Dutch.She had strong connections among the Dutch nobility, and her success during the peace conferences in Cercamp and Câteau-Cambrésis had given her a good reputation as a diplomat. She had already been suggested for the post as governor during the summer of 1558. However, her advantages did in fact not work in her favor in the eyes of King Philip of Spain, as he regarded her popularity with the Dutch and especially her friendship with Prince William of Orange with suspicion, and in June, Margaret of Parma was appointed instead. This caused a conflict between <mask> and Margaret, and in October, <mask> joined her son Charles and his wife in Lorraine. Claimant
In Lorraine, <mask> served as adviser to her son, especially in repairing the finances of Lorraine after


title: Christina of Denmark

texts: the war and winning the loyalty of the local nobility, and assisted her daughter-in-law as hostess. In March 1560, she was again appointed regent of Lorraine during the absence of her son and daughter-in-law at the French court. She was present at the coronation of Charles IX in Reims in May 1561, and of Emperor Maximilian in Frankfurt in 1562.Her son Charles made his state entry to Nancy in May 1562 and officially took over the regency. However, he continued to rely on <mask> as his adviser in affairs of state. In 1564, she concluded an agreement with the Bishop of Toul, by which he granted his temporalities to the Duke of Lorraine with the consent of the Pope. As the political adviser of her son, who often preferred to delegate political tasks to her, she had a strong position in the Ducal court in Lorraine, in particular as her daughter-in-law Claude preferred to spend her time at the French court, which she often visited. However, she was worried over the influence of the French queen dowager Catherine de' Medici, whom she suspected of trying to influence Lorraine, and in trying to disturb her relationship to her son, in an attempt to deprive her of her influence in the affairs of state. At the death of her father, in prison in Denmark in 1559, her elder sister Dorothea assumed the claimant title of Queen of Denmark in exile as the heir of her father's claim. She would however need the help of her mother's Habsburg dynasty to press her claims,  but as a childless widow beyond the usual childbearing age, Dorothea was no longer considered politically useful, and the Habsburg dynasty showed no interest in helping her take


title: Christina of Denmark

texts: the throne.The Danish loyalists loyal to her father's line, headed by the exiled Peder Oxe, therefore asked <mask> to persuade Dorothea to surrender her claims to <mask> and her son. <mask> made Oxe a part of the Ducal council, and in 1561, she visited Dorothea, and reportedly followed his advice and convinced Dorothea to surrender her claim. After this, <mask> styled herself the rightful Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. In February 1563, she referred to herself as "<mask>, by the grace of God Queen of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, Sovereign of the Goths, Vandals, and Slavonians, Duchess of Schleswig, Dittmarsch, Lorraine, Bar, and Milan, Countess of Oldenburg and Blamont, and Lady of Tortona." In reality, she had no access to these thrones and had difficulty pressing her claim to them. In 1561, <mask> planned to marry her daughter Renata to King Frederick II of Denmark. However, on the outbreak of the Nordic Seven Years' War between Denmark and Sweden in 1563, she interrupted these plans.She was aided by Peder Oxe, the adventurer Wilhelm von Grumbach and his allies, who attempted to dethrone her second cousin king Frederick II of Denmark in her favour, and advised her to raise an army an invade Jutland, by which she would be welcomed by the Danish nobility, at that time in opposition to the Danish monarch. From 1565 to 1567, <mask> negotiated with king Eric XIV of Sweden to create an alliance between Sweden and Denmark through a marriage between Renata and Eric XIV. The plan was for <mask> to conquer Denmark with the support of Sweden, a plan Eric agreed to, if she could secure the support from the Emperor and the


title: Christina of Denmark

texts: Netherlands. In 1566, <mask> struck a medal referring to herself with the title Queen of Denmark, with the motto: Me sine cuncta ruunt (Without me all things perish). However, Emperor Ferdinand was against the plan because the destructive effect it would have of the power balance in Germany, where Saxony, being strongly allied with Denmark, opposed <mask>'s claims. Nor did she manage to acquire the support of Philip of Spain. The planned marriage alliance between Lorraine and Sweden was finally terminated when Eric XIV married his non-noble lover Karin Månsdotter in 1567.In 1569, <mask> still entertained hopes to press her claims to the Danish throne, but was met with the reply from Cardinal Granvelle, that the Netherlands would never turn against Denmark; that the Emperor would oppose it, and that Spain was occupied elsewhere. With the end of the Nordic Seven Years' War in 1570, <mask> no longer worked actively in this matter. In June 1568, <mask> was among those who petitioned Philip of Spain for mercy on behalf of the Count of Egmont. The same year, her daughter Renata married Duke William of Bavaria. Reportedly, <mask> spent some time in Bavaria, before returning to Lorraine in 1572. In 1574, she participated in the Mornay Plot to depose John III of Sweden and provided the conspirator Charles de Mornay with funds through her intermediary Monsieur La Garde. In August 1578, she left for Tortona in Italy, a fief given to her by her first husband, where she lived to her death, styled as "Madame of Tortona".She had sovereign powers in Tortona for life, and actively participated in the rule of the city. Her rule over Tortona


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
 has a good reputation in history:  she is said to have reformed abuses, put an end to a feud with Ravenna, obtained the restitution of lost privileges, and protected the rights of Tortona against the hated Spaniard rule. She was popular in Tortona, often receiving supplicants, and socializing with the local Milanese nobility. In June 1584, she was informed by the Spanish Viceroy that her rights as sovereign of Tortona was henceforth extinct, but she was allowed to remain in residence and live on the income of Tortona for life. She also continued to plead for Tortonese rights from the Spanish viceroy. Her son was Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, namesake of her uncle, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. The current Belgian and Spanish royal families and the ruling family of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg descends from him, as do the former reigning families of Austria, Bavaria, Brazil, France, Naples, Parma, Portugal, Sardinia (Italy), and Saxony. Her daughter, Renata of Lorraine, married William V, Duke of Bavaria, and it is through her that the current Danish, Norwegian and Swedish royal families, and the former Greek royal, and Russian imperial families are descended.Children

Depictions in popular culture

Television
She was portrayed by Sonya Cassidy in an episode of The Tudors. Literature
 Helle Stangerup, In the Courts of Power, 1987. Marianne Malone, The Sixty-Eight Rooms, 2010. In Other Work
She is seen as one of the paintings during the musical number "Haus of Holbein" in the hit musical Six. Ancestry

References

Sources
  <mask> of Denmark in Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon
 Julia Cartwright: <mask> of Denmark. Duchess


title: Christina of Denmark

texts:
 of Milan and Lorraine. 1522–1590, New York, 1913

External links

1521 births
1590 deaths
16th-century women rulers
Regents of Lorraine
Duchesses of Milan
Duchesses of Lorraine
<mask> 1522
Danish princesses
Norwegian princesses
Pretenders to the Norwegian throne
Pretenders to the Danish throne
Disinherited European royalty
Princesses of Lorraine
People from Nyborg
Danish Roman Catholics
Children of Christian II of


title: Max Holloway

texts:
<mask>'<mask> (born December 4, 1991) is an American professional mixed martial artist who competes in the featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A professional since 2010, <mask> became the UFC Featherweight Champion when he defeated José Aldo on June 3, 2017, before defending the title three times. As of March 29, 2021, he is #1 in UFC featherweight rankings and as of February 14, 2022, he is #6 in the UFC men's pound-for-pound rankings. <mask> was born on Honolulu, Hawaii, and raised in Waianae, an area known for fist fighting. <mask>'s parents were heavy drug users, his mother Missy Kapoi being a crystal meth consumer who later recovered. His father, <mask>, who constantly abused his mother, left when <mask> was around 11 years old. He started training kickboxing in 2007 at the end of his sophomore year, aged 15, out of Team Ruthless, and went on to win his first amateur bout in the sport after three days of training.He graduated from Waianae High School in 2010. Mixed martial arts career

Early MMA career
At the age of 19, <mask> had amassed a record of 4–0. He gained recognition as the #7 featherweight prospect of 2012 in Bloody Elbow's 2012 World MMA Scouting Report and has even been compared to former UFC and former WEC lightweight champion Anthony Pettis, due to his ability to incorporate a wide array of flying and spinning kicks, knees and elbows into his striking game. His early career was highlighted by a split decision win over former Strikeforce and WEC veteran Harris Sarimento on March 12, 2011, earning himself the lightweight strap for the Hawaii-based X-1 promotion. Ultimate Fighting Championship

2012
<mask> was the youngest fighter on the UFC roster when he made his promotional debut as an injury

masks:
Jerome Max Keli
i Holloway
Holloway
Background Holloway
Holloway
Mark Holloway
Max
Holloway
Holloway


title: Max Holloway

texts:
 replacement for Ricardo Lamas at UFC 143 on February 4, 2012, against Dustin Poirier. He lost the fight via submission (mounted triangle armbar) in the first round. In his second fight, <mask> faced Pat Schilling on June 1, 2012, at The Ultimate Fighter 15 Finale.<mask> won via unanimous decision (30–27, 30–27, 30–27). <mask> defeated Justin Lawrence, on August 11, 2012, at UFC 150. <mask> won the fight via TKO in the second round. <mask> fought Leonard Garcia on December 29, 2012, at UFC 155, replacing an injured Cody McKenzie. <mask> won the close fight via split decision. 2013
<mask> faced Dennis Bermudez on May 25, 2013, at UFC 160. He lost the fight controversially via split decision.11 out of 11 media members scored the fight in favor of <mask>. <mask> faced Conor McGregor on August 17, 2013, at UFC Fight Night 26. He lost the fight via unanimous decision. 2014
<mask> faced promotional newcomer Will Chope on January 4, 2014, at UFC Fight Night 34. <mask> won the fight via TKO in the second round. The win also earned <mask> his first Knockout of the Night bonus. <mask> faced Andre Fili on April 26, 2014, at UFC 172.He won the back-and-forth fight after submitting Fili in the third round. <mask> was expected to face Mirsad Bektić on August 23, 2014, at UFC Fight Night 49, replacing an injured Ernest Chavez. However, Bektic pulled out of the bout in the week leading up to the event and was replaced by promotional newcomer Clay Collard. <mask> won the fight via TKO in the third round. <mask> again served as a replacement and faced Akira Corassani on October 4, 2014, at UFC Fight Night 53, filling in for Chan Sung Jung. He won the fight via knockout in the first round. The win earned <mask> his first Performance of the Night bonus

masks: Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway


title: Max Holloway

texts:
 award.2015
<mask> faced Cole Miller on February 15, 2015, at UFC Fight Night 60. <mask> won via unanimous decision. <mask> faced Cub Swanson on April 18, 2015, at UFC on Fox 15. <mask> finished the fight with a mounted guillotine in the third round. The win also earned <mask> his second Performance of the Night bonus award. <mask> faced Charles Oliveira on August 23, 2015, at UFC Fight Night 74. He won the fight via TKO in the first round after Oliveira suffered an apparent neck/shoulder injury while defending a takedown and was unable to continue.The injury was later described as a micro-tear in his esophagus, although the UFC later released a statement clarifying that Oliveira had no major injuries. With the win, <mask> became the youngest fighter in UFC history to get 10 wins. <mask> faced Jeremy Stephens on December 12, 2015, at UFC 194. <mask> won the fight via unanimous decision. 2016
<mask> faced Ricardo Lamas on June 4, 2016, at UFC 199. He won via unanimous decision. <mask> faced Anthony Pettis for the interim UFC Featherweight Championship on December 10, 2016, at UFC 206.At the weigh-ins, Pettis came in at 148 lbs., three pounds over the featherweight limit of 145 lbs. for a championship fight. As a result, in case Pettis were to win the fight with <mask>, he would be ineligible for the UFC championship. Pettis was also fined 20% of his purse, which went to <mask> and the bout proceeded at a catchweight. <mask> won the fight via TKO in the third round and was awarded a Performance of the Night bonus. 2017
<mask> faced the featherweight champion José Aldo in a title unification bout on June 3, 2017, at UFC 212. After facing some early adversity, <mask> defeated Aldo via TKO in the third round and earned his first Fight of the

masks: Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway


title: Max Holloway

texts:
 Night bonus award for the bout.On October 4, 2017, <mask> revealed that he had signed a new multi-fight deal with UFC. <mask> was expected to face Frankie Edgar on December 2, 2017, at UFC 218; however, on November 8, 2017, Edgar withdrew from the card due to injury and was replaced by José Aldo. <mask> won the fight via TKO in the third round and retained the UFC Featherweight belt. 2018
The bout with Edgar was rescheduled and was expected to take place on March 3, 2018, at UFC 222. However, it was announced on February 3, 2018, that <mask> had been forced to pull out of the bout due to a leg injury. On April 1, 2018, <mask> was announced as a late replacement for the injured Tony Ferguson in a fight for the vacant undisputed UFC Lightweight Championship at UFC 223 against Khabib Nurmagomedov to be held on April 7, 2018. If victorious, <mask> would be only the second fighter (behind Conor McGregor) in UFC history to hold titles in two different divisions simultaneously.<mask>, who had no fight scheduled and was not in a training camp, accepted the fight with only six days to prepare. On April 6, as he was due to weigh in, <mask> was pulled from the card by New York State Athletic Commission doctors due to the severity of his short-notice weight cut. The bout continued with Al Iaquinta as a last minute replacement for <mask>. <mask> was then scheduled to defend his UFC Featherweight Championship title on July 7, 2018, at UFC 226 against Brian Ortega. However, on July 4, <mask> was pulled from the fight due to "concussion like symptoms". For his second title defense, <mask> faced Brian Ortega in the main event at UFC 231 in Toronto, Canada on December 8, 2018. <mask> won the fight via TKO at the end of fourth round by doctor stoppage.This win

masks: Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway


title: Max Holloway

texts:
 earned him the Fight of the Night and Performance of the Night awards. <mask> broke the record for most significant strikes in one fight with 290, broke the record for landing 134 of those significant strikes in a round, and set the record for most victories in UFC featherweight history with fifteen. 2019
<mask> moved up a weight class and faced Dustin Poirier in a rematch for the interim UFC Lightweight Championship on April 13, 2019, at UFC 236. He lost the back-and-forth fight by unanimous decision. This fight earned him the Fight of the Night award. <mask> came back down to featherweight, and a bout against former UFC lightweight champion Frankie Edgar was scheduled a third time and eventually took place on July 27, 2019, in the main event of UFC 240. <mask> won the fight by unanimous decision, successfully defending his featherweight title for a third time.In his fourth title defense, <mask> faced Alexander Volkanovski on December 14, 2019, at UFC 245. He lost the fight via unanimous decision, ending his featherweight reign. 2020
<mask> faced Alexander Volkanovski in a rematch for the UFC Featherweight Championship on July 12 at UFC 251. He lost the fight via split decision. This decision was controversial amongst media outlets, with 18 out of 27 media scores giving it to <mask>, mixed martial arts personalities such as UFC president Dana White, former referee and creator of the rules system John McCarthy and multiple mixed martial artists. 2021

<mask> faced Calvin Kattar on January 16, 2021, headlining UFC on ABC 1. <mask> dominated Kattar for all 5 rounds and won by unanimous decision, with two judges scoring the fight 50–43 and one judge scoring it 50–42 in his favor.During the last two minutes of the fifth round, <mask> landed a

masks: Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway Holloway


title: Max Holloway

texts:
 two-punch combo and proceeded to stare at the commentary team sitting cage-side and talk to them, while effortlessly dodging Kattar's strikes and yelling "I'm the best boxer in the UFC!" to him, which generated talk about an homage to Muhammad Ali, known for his showboating. <mask> set the UFC single-fight records for total strikes landed and attempted, significant strikes landed and attempted, strike differential, distance strikes landed, significant head strikes landed and significant body strikes landed. His fourth-round also set the record for strikes and significant strikes landed. Both fighters earned the Fight of the Night award. <mask> was scheduled to face Yair Rodríguez on July 17, 2021, at UFC on ESPN 26. On June 17, 2021, reports stated that <mask> was forced to pull out of the fight with Rodríguez due to injury.<mask> faced Yair Rodríguez on November 13, 2021, at UFC Fight Night 197. He won the fight via unanimous decision. Both fighters earned the Fight of the Night award. <mask> was scheduled to face Alexander Volkanovski  on March 5, 2022 at UFC 272. However, a day after the third title fight announcement, <mask> was forced to pull from the event due to injury. Personal life
<mask> is of Native Hawaiian, Samoan and English ancestry. He married his long-time girlfriend Kaimana Pa'aluhi in 2012, with whom he has one son, <mask>.The couple separated in 2014 before divorcing in 2017. <mask> began dating Hawaiian surfer Alessa Quizon in early 2020 and they got engaged on November 18. Championships and accomplishments
Ultimate Fighting Championship
UFC Featherweight Championship (One time; former)
Three successful title defenses
Interim UFC Featherweight Championship (One time)
Knockout of the Night (One time) vs.
Fight of the Night

masks:
Holloway
Holloway
Holloway
Holloway
Holloway
Holloway
Holloway
Rush Holloway
Holloway


title: Martha Root

texts:
<mask> (August 10, 1872 – September 28, 1939) was an American traveling teacher of the Baháʼí Faith in the early 20th century. From the declaration of her belief in 1909 until her death thirty years later, she went around the world four times. Shoghi Effendi, then head of the Baháʼí Faith, called her "the foremost travel teacher in the first Baháʼí Century", and named her a Hand of the Cause posthumously. Known by her numerous visits with Heads of State and other public figures, of special importance was her efforts with Queen Marie of Romania, considered the first royal to accept Baháʼu'lláh. Early life
<mask> was born on August 10, 1872 to Timothy and <mask> in Richwood, Ohio, who raised her in the Baptist church. She had two older brothers, Clarence and Claude. Shortly after her birth, the family moved to Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania, where her father ran a dairy farm.<mask>, known as Mattie, was not a typical girl, since her interest lay in books rather than the usual domestic pursuits, and when she was 14 she earned enough money from writing to pay for a trip to Niagara Falls. She distinguished herself in high school and college, attending Oberlin College, where she designed her own program; she then continued to the University of Chicago and earned her degree in literature in 1895. Writing career
While she started teaching after her degree, she soon gave that up to start writing for different newspapers. In the summer of 1900 she worked at the Pittsburgh Chronicle Telegraph as the society editor, and then in the fall she worked for the Pittsburgh Dispatch. She then started writing about automobiles, which took her to France and then back to Pittsburgh. Introduction to the Baháʼí Faith
In 1908 she overheard Roy C. Wilhelm in a Pittsburgh restaurant talking about his

masks:
Martha Louise Root
Martha Root
Nancy Root
Martha


title: Martha Root

texts:
 visit to ʻAbdu'l-Bahá and Bahaʼis in ʻAkka in the Holy Land, and that he had met members of other religions who actively promoted the brotherhood of humanity. This comment appealed to <mask> and she questioned Roy, who gave her some Baha'i literature.While researching the religion she met several members of the Baháʼí community, including Thornton Chase and Arthur Agnew in Chicago, and in 1909, declared her faith in Baháʼu'lláh's teachings. During this time, she continued writing newspaper articles and also in 1909 she wrote a detailed article for the Pittsburgh Post about the history and teachings of the Baháʼí Faith. She also participated in the first annual Baháʼí convention, which took place in Chicago in 1911. Visit of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá to the United States
During 1911 and 1912, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, the son of the founder of the Baháʼí Faith, visited the United States and Canada. <mask> attended many of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's talks, and arranged his talk in Pittsburgh. During this time <mask> developed breast cancer, but with advice from ʻAbdu'l-Baha it went into remission for many years. World travel and teaching
After meeting with ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, <mask> was profoundly affected by His explanations of His Father's Cause and teachings, and began her journeys where she would spread the teachings of the Baháʼí Faith.She did not let her small stature, lack of money or poor health stop her. She left the United States on January 30, 1915, and after visiting some countries in Europe, she desired to visit Palestine and the Baháʼí holy places, but she could not go due to First World War. Instead, she travelled to Egypt and stayed there six months. During that time she wrote newspaper articles. She then travelled to Bombay, Rangoon, Japan, and Hawaii. She arrived back in the continental United

masks: Martha Martha Martha Martha


title: Martha Root

texts:
 States when she reached San Francisco on August 29, 1915. After staying in the United States for five years, she then travelled to Canada in 1920, visiting Saint John, Montreal, London and Saint Thomas where she arranged teaching programs.She then travelled to Mexico and then Guatemala where she was going to meet with the president, but due to a political revolution, the meeting never happened. By 1921, her breast cancer had spread and she was in frequent pain; her father's health was also failing, and thus her travels become more limited. Middle years
After her father's death on November 3, 1922, <mask> started her travels once again at the age of 50. She travelled to many parts of the United States, Canada, Japan and China to spread the teachings of Baháʼu'lláh, and the Baháʼí Faith. She then travelled to Australia, New Zealand, Tasmania, and Hong Kong, and helped Baháʼí pioneers to teach about the Baháʼí Faith. She then travelled to South Africa, and went on several radio broadcasts. She also studied Esperanto, and met Lidia Zamenhof, the daughter of Ludwig Zamenhof, the creator of Esperanto, who would later become a Baháʼí.Meeting with Queen Marie of Romania
In 1923 she arrived in Bucharest and sent the Queen a copy of the book Baháʼu'lláh and the New Era. Two days after the Queen received the book she granted <mask> an audience in the palace. The first of eight successive audiences with Queen Marie of Romania took place in January 1926 in Controceni Palace in Bucharest. The second, in 1927 in Pelisor Palace in Sinaia, was followed by a visit in January 1928 at the royal palace in Belgrade. A fourth visit took place in October 1929, at the Queen's summer palace "Tehna Yuva," at Balcic, on the Black Sea. In August 1932 and February 1933, <mask> was received at the home

masks:
Martha
Martha Root
Martha Root


title: Martha Root

texts:
 of Princess Ileana (then Arch-Duchess Anton of Austria) at Mödling, near Vienna. In February 1934 and February 1936, audiences were granted at Controceni Palace.Baháʼí sources state that Marie was the first member of a royal family to become a Baháʼí, The biographer Hannah Pakula noted Marie had an intense connection with the religion in her personal life but "…continued to attend the Protestant Church" though she "…prayed 'better at home with my Baháʼu'lláh books and teachings…'." In 1976, William McElwee Miller published a book about the Baháʼí Faith that included a letter written in 1970 by Marie's daughter Ileana who denied any such conversion had taken place. Visit to the Holy Land
In 1925 <mask> travelled to the Baháʼí holy land, and met Bahíyyih Khánum and Shoghi Effendi. She then travelled to the United Kingdom, Germany, Greece, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia, once again teaching the Baháʼí Faith. She then travelled to Iran, even though Shoghi Effendi recommended not doing so. She hoped to meet with the Sháh, Reza Khan Pahlavi, but did not do so. Later years
In 1930 she wanted to meet with Emperor Hirohito of Japan, but US officials blocked her access.Instead she sent the Emperor some Baháʼí books and some other gifts. She continued to teach, even while she was in ill-health travelling in 1937 to Hawaii, China and India. She returned to Hawaii in 1938 where she died on September 28, 1939. Publications

See also
 List of peace activists

References

External links
 An account of <mask>'s visit to Australia
  recorded in Auckland, New Zealand, May 1939

<mask>, <mask>, <mask>, <mask>, Martha
University of Chicago alumni
<mask>, <mask> Esperantists
Converts to the Bahá'í Faith
20th-century Bahá'ís
Burials at Oahu Cemetery
People from Richwood, Ohio
Women's page

masks:
Martha Root
Martha Root
Root
Martha Root
Martha Root
Martha Root
Root
Martha American


title: Ørjan Nyland

texts:
<mask> (born 10 September 1990) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper and is currently a free agent. His last club was EFL Championship club AFC Bournemouth. He also plays for the Norway national team. He has previously played for Hødd and was the man of the match in the 2012 Norwegian Football Cup Final. <mask> joined the defending Tippeligaen champions Molde ahead of the 2013 season. He signed for Aston Villa in August 2018, and stayed with the club until his contract was terminated in 2020. He then had short stints with Norwich City and Bournemouth.<mask> made his debut for Norway in 2013, and has previously represented Norway at youth level. He was the first-choice goalkeeper for the under-21 team at the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship. Club career
<mask> was born in Volda and was competing in handball, alpine skiing and football when he was young. As a footballer, <mask> played for Mork IL and Volda TI before he joined Hødd in 2007. <mask> did not play in his first year at the club due to the competition from Kim Deinoff and Vebjørn Skeide. Deinoff left Hødd after the 2007-season and for the next two seasons, <mask> was the second choice behind Skeide before <mask> became the first choice during the 2010 season. <mask> has been regarded as one of the most talented goalkeepers in Norway, and was training with Rosenborg on two occasions in 2007, the English club Everton in December 2008 and Molde in November 2011.<mask> was in December 2011 one of six young goalkeepers selected for Frode Grodås's project The national goalkeeper of tomorrow 2014 initiated by the Football Association of Norway, where the goal was to develop the next national team goalkeeper. Ahead of the 2012 season, Tromsø wanted to sign <mask> as a back-up for Marcus Sahlman, but did not afford to pay what Hødd demanded for the goalkeeper who had one year left of his contract. <mask> stayed at Hødd and was one of Hødd's best players during the 2012 season and won in October the Statoil

masks:
Ørjan Håskjold Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland
Nyland


title: Ørjan Nyland

texts:
 Talent Prize, an award handed to outstanding young Norwegian footballers each month. In the 2012 Norwegian Football Cup Final, <mask> delivered several match-winning saves and was named man of the match. <mask> also saved Remi Johansen's penalty when Hødd won 4–2 in the penalty shootout against Tromsø and won their first Norwegian Football Cup title. After the season, the two Tippeligaen sides Start and Sogndal wanted to sign <mask>, who were a free agent, and publicly promised <mask> the spot as the first-choice goalkeeper if he signed for them. Lars Ivar Moldskred, who has acted as an advisor for <mask>, advised him to sign for Start, but he instead signed for defending Tippeligaen champions Molde where he were to compete with Espen Bugge Pettersen and Ole Söderberg.Molde
<mask> made his first-team debut for Molde in the 5–0 victory against Elnesvågen og Omegn in the First Round of the 2013 Norwegian Football Cup. <mask> also played the Second Round tie against Byåsen before he made his debut in Tippeligaen in the 1–1 draw against Start on 6 May 2013. With Bugge Pettersen out with injury, <mask> soon became the preferred goalkeeper in Molde and played every match in Tippeligaen until the 17th round when the manager Ole Gunnar Solskjær wanted <mask> to rest. He signed new contract with Molde in September 2013, binding him to the club to the summer of 2018. <mask> missed a couple of matches in October due to an injury, but was back when Molde met Rosenborg on 26 October 2013. He played a total of 20 matches in Tippeligaen during the 2013 season, where Molde finished 6th. FC Ingolstadt 04
On 1 July 2015, <mask> signed a four-year contract with newly promoted Bundesliga side FC Ingolstadt 04 for an undisclosed fee.<mask> made his Bundesliga debut in a 0–4 home defeat against Borussia Dortmund on 23 August 2015. Aston Villa
On 7 August 2018, Aston Villa revealed that they had signed <mask> on a three-year contract. On 18 June 2020, <mask> was involved in a controversy after he appeared to carry the ball

masks: Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland


title: Ørjan Nyland

texts:
 across the goal line after saving a free kick from Oliver Norwood and colliding with one of his own defenders. Because of interference with the Hawk-Eye goal line technology, play was allowed to continue and Sheffield United was denied a goal. In the summer of 2020, Aston Villa signed Emiliano Martínez from Arsenal. <mask> fell from the first team and was linked with a move to another team. He made one appearance in the 2020–21 season before departing Villa by agreeing a mutual termination of his contract on 5 October 2020.Norwich City
On 1 February 2021, <mask> signed with Championship club Bournemouth on a free transfer on 17 August 2021. A week later, he made his debut for the club in the second round of the EFL Cup against former club Norwich City, conceding six goals in the process as the Cherries fell to a 0–6 defeat. On 31st January 2022, Bournemouth and <mask> agreed to terminate his contract but will remain at the cherries to train to assist with his injury recovery. International career
<mask> represented Norway from under-16 to under-18 level, but was not selected for youth international teams for two years because he didn't play regularly at Hødd. After he became first-choice goalkeeper at Hødd, he was called up for the under-21 team in June 2011 and made his debut for the team in the 1–4 loss against Sweden U21.<mask> became a regular in Per Joar Hansen's U21-squad in 2012, where he was the second-choice goalkeeper behind Arild Østbø. <mask> played the last play-off match against France U21 when Østbø was unavailable due to an injury. <mask> received praise for his performance in that match, which was his third appearance for the under-21 team, when they qualified for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship after beating France U21 5–3. As one of three goalkeepers, <mask> was included in the Norwegian squad for the under-21 championship, along with Arild Østbø and Gudmund Taksdal Kongshavn. Ahead of the championship, the head coach Tor Ole Skullerud hadn't decided whether

masks: Nyland Nylandyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland


title: Ørjan Nyland

texts:
 he was using Østbø, who was the preferred choice in the qualification, or any of the two other goalkeepers who had both impressed for their teams in the start of the 2013 Tippeligaen season. <mask> was chosen to play the opening match against the hosts Israel U-21, and played three out of four matches in the championship, with Østbø playing the last group-stage match against Italy U-21. The Norwegian team was defeated by eventual winners Spain U-21 in the semi-final, and won a bronze-medal.<mask> was praised for his performances in the championship, especially in the match against Spain, and he was included in The Guardians "team of the tournament", at the expense of David de Gea. <mask> was also included in UEFA's "all-star squad" together with his compatriot Stefan Strandberg. <mask> was first called up for the Norwegian national team squad for the World Cup qualifiers against Cyprus and Switzerland in September 2013. He made his debut for the national team in the friendly match against Scotland on 20 November 2013, on Molde's home ground Aker Stadion. Career statistics
Club

International

HonoursHøddNorwegian Cup: 2012MoldeTippeligaen: 2014
Norwegian Cup: 2013, 2014Aston VillaEFL Cup runner-up: 2019–20Norway U21UEFA European Under-21 Championship bronze: 2013Individual'
UEFA European Under-21 Championship Team of the Tournament: 2013
Tippeligaen Goalkeeper of the Year: 2014, 2015

References

1990 births
Living people
People from Volda
Norwegian footballers
Norway international footballers
Norway under-21 international footballers
Norwegian expatriate footballers
Norwegian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Association football goalkeepers
IL Hødd players
Molde FK players
FC Ingolstadt 04 players
Norwegian First Division players
Eliteserien players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
Regionalliga players
Expatriate footballers in Germany
FC Ingolstadt 04 II players
Aston Villa F.C. players
English Football League players
Premier League players
Norwich City F.C.players
AFC Bournemouth

masks: Nyland Nyland Nyland Nyland


title: Derek Humphry

texts:
<mask> (born 29 April 1930) is a British-born American journalist and author notable as a proponent of legal assisted suicide and the right to die philosophy. In 1980, he co-founded the Hemlock Society and, in 2004, after that organization dissolved, he co-founded the Final Exit Network. From 1988 to 1990, he was president of the World Federation of Right to Die Societies and is the current president of the Euthanasia Research & Guidance Organization (ERGO). He is the author several related books, including Jean's Way (1978), The Right to Die: Understanding Euthanasia (1986), and Final Exit: The Practicalities of Self-Deliverance and Assisted Suicide for the Dying (1991). Since 1978, <mask> has lived in the United States. Early years
Born to a British father and an Irish mother, he was raised in Somerset. His education was slender because of a broken home followed by World War II, when many English schools were in chaos, finally leaving at the age of 15, when he became a messenger boy for the Yorkshire Post.In a 30-year journalistic career <mask> worked and wrote for the Bristol Evening World, the Manchester Evening News, the Daily Mail, the Sunday Times and, lastly, the Los Angeles Times. Personal life
His first wife, <mask>, ended her life on 29 March 1975, in the Cotswolds with her husband at her side, with an intentional overdose of medication; she was suffering from terminal breast cancer. He told that story from his perspective in the best-selling Jean's Way. <mask> and Jean Humphry had three sons, the youngest one an adoptee. Humphry wrote the 1991 suicide handbook, Final Exit. From 1993 onwards <mask> has been president of the Euthanasia Research & Guidance

masks:
Derek Humphry
Derek Humphry
Humphry
Jean Humphry
Derek
Humphry


title: Derek Humphry

texts:
 Organization (ERGO), and chairs the advisory board of the new Final Exit Network (formed 2004 to replace the Hemlock Society dissolved the previous year in mergers). His marriage to his next wife, Ann Wickett, an American and a co-founder of the Hemlock Society, ended in 1989 when she filed for divorce; they had no children.Ann Wickett committed suicide, at the age of 49 on 2 October 1991, during a recurrence of depression. She had been battling breast cancer, but the cancer was in remission and she was not considered "terminally ill". In her suicide note, she claimed that <mask> was a "killer" and that his first wife, Jean, had died of suffocation. He denied these allegations as groundless. In early 1990 <mask> married Gretchen Crocker, youngest daughter of an Oregon farming family. Affiliations
Humphry is an advisor to the World Federation of Right to Die Societies by virtue of his past presidency and in appreciation of his 26 years of involvement with that organization. Since it was founded in 2004, Humphry has been an adviser to the Final Exit Network.After four members of the organization were accused in Georgia of assisting a suicide he launched the Final Exit Liberty Fund which paid most of their legal costs. In 2014 <mask> was given the World Federation of Right To Die Societies "Lifetime Achievement Award" for 'contributing so much, so long and so courageously to our right to a peaceful death. The award was presented by world president Faye Girsh at the 20th international conference in Chicago on 9/19/2014. It is the first time this award has been made. Books and publications
<mask> was newsletter editor for the World Federation of Right to Die Societies for

masks:
Humphry
Humphry
Derek Humphry
Humphry


title: Derek Humphry

texts:
 a number of years. As of 2016, the paperback Final Exit was in print in English, Spanish and Italian. It has sold more than one million copies in twelve languages since 1991.In April 2007 the editors and book critics of USA Today selected Final Exit as one of the most memorable 25 books of the last quarter century. In 2017 he published his life story, Good Life, Good Death: The Memoir of a Right To Die Pioneer (Carrel Books, New York. ) The film Nomadland, which won three Oscars in 2021, makes an error regarding Final Exit. One of the characters explains that she had small-cell lung cancer, that it had metastasized to her brain, and that her doctors have given her seven or eight months to live. Then she says, "I have this book called Final Exit by Dr. Kevorkian. Some people call him Dr. Death. It's like various ways that you can end your life if you need to.It's kind of like a recipe." The author of Final Exit is Humphry, not Dr. Kevorkian. <mask>y bibliography
 Because They're Black (with Gus John; 1972), ; awarded the Martin Luther King Memorial Prize
 Police Power and Black People (with a commentary by Gus John; 1973),
 Passport and Politics (with Michael Ward; 1974),
 The Cricket Conspiracy (1975), National Council for Civil Liberties,
 False Messiah: The Story of Michael X (1977),
 Jean's Way: A Love Story (1978),
 The Right to Die: Understanding Euthanasia (1986),
 Final Exit: The Practicalities of Self-deliverance and Assisted Suicide for the Dying (1991, updated 2002, 3rd edition),
 Lawful Exit: The Limits of Freedom for Help in Dying (1993),
 Dying with Dignity (1992),
 Freedom to Die: People, Politics & The Right-To-Die Movement (1998),
 Let Me


title: Derek Humphry

texts:
 Die Before I Wake (& Supplement to Final Exit; 2002),
 The Good Euthanasia Guide: Where, What & Who in Choices in Dying (2006),
 Good Life, Good Death: The Memoir of a Right To Die Pioneer,

See also
 Euthanasia
 George Exoo
 Jack Kevorkian
 Philip Nitschke

References

 Curiosities of Literature, pp. 141, 248–249. By John Sutherland/ Arrow Books 2008. NOTE: For a full and independent biography of <mask>, see Current Biography, Volume 56, Number 3, March 1995
 <mask>'s books, manuscripts, papers and documents are archived at Special Collections, Allen Library, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

External links

 Good Life, Good Death
 Assisted Suicide.org website
 Bowker Biography on <mask> Humphry
 Amazon Bibliography for <mask> Humphry

1930 births
Living people
American male journalists
20th-century American novelists
British male journalists
People from Bath, Somerset
Euthanasia activists
Euthanasia in the United States
Persons involved with death and dying
People from Junction City, Oregon
21st-century American novelists
British emigrants to the United States
American male novelists
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American non-fiction

masks:
Derek Humphry
Derek Humphry
Derek
Derek