title: Ashvin Kumar

texts:
 letter to Mrs. Tagore taking on the wider issue of censorship, the relevance of the censor board using Inshallah, Football as an illustration saying that her comments "...would be mildly amusing if they didn't also cast a shadow on the average Indian citizen's freedoms to produce and receive messages, and if they didn't potentially compromise the livelihood of members of my (and your) fraternity–those troublesome film-makers who don't toe the line and whose discomfiting messages the nation needs to hear." A separate report of Mrs. Tagore's comments is more direct, calling <mask>'s comments 'untrue'. <mask> has responded to this in the aforementioned open letter saying "You said that my statement about being denied a certification for my film Inshallah, Football was 'untrue'. I was hurt; after all, it is not often that I am called a liar in public." Mrs. Tagore has also said in the same interview that Inshallah, Football "(is) a beautiful film and I want everyone to see it," but <mask> counters, "Let me speak plainly. I think you have been used to stamp a sense of 'reasonableness' on the sordid affair of restricting freedom of speech.The decisions of the body you head need to be, or need to be seen to be, more moral, more conservative, more risk-averse, more politically correct and more circumspect (thus, in common parlance, more anal-retentive) than is natural or necessary, even if basic principles of natural justice need to be given a go-by from time to time.". The same open letter also appears on <mask>'s blog where it has attracted a fair share of attention by way of adverse comments not only concerning censorship but the Kashmir issue as well

The timing of this award of an Adult certificate to Inshallah,

masks: Kumar Kumar Kumar Kumar


title: Ashvin Kumar

type: original

texts:
 Football is curious, since it coincided with the award of an Adult certificate for a No One Killed Jessica, a film based upon the murder of Jessica Lall by Manu Sharma, a wealthy man with strong political ties to the ruling Indian National Congress. In both cases, there is an appearance of the Indian censor board having taken political considerations into account in their award of Adult certificates. <mask> says that he will now appeal to the CBFC tribunal

Inshallah Kashmir

<mask>'s latest film on Kashmir, Inshallah Kashmir is the story of contemporary Kashmir. A series of counterpointed testimonies, the heartbreaking coming-of-age of ordinary people; warped and brutalised by two decades of militancy and its terrible response. Tehelka says, "Although the camera and narrator usually provide the impartial eye in a documentary, stitching the story together, in Inshallah, Kashmir it is the Kashmiris who weave their deadpan narrative into a cohesive picture. Their matter-of-fact monotone says more than an entire valley of screams could."The film won <mask>llah Kashmir opens with ex-militants describing the torture they underwent when captured by the army. A Hindu describes his sentiment on being a part of the minority in the region at the height of militancy, when his grandfather was shot dead by militants. A politician and her husband describe the horror of being kidnapped and in captivity for over a month – and despite that, forming a human bond with the militants, and helping them escape when the army closed in on them. One understands from this section that militancy was not binary in nature. It was a dynamic and complex, resulting from various socio-political, economic and religious issues. Disappearances

masks: Kumar Kumar Kumarsha


title: Hans Mommsen

texts:
<mask> (5 November 1930 – 5 November 2015) was a German historian, known for his studies in German social history, and for his functionalist interpretation of the Third Reich, especially for arguing that Adolf Hitler was a weak dictator. Descended from Nobel Prizewinning historian <mask>, he was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. Life and career
Mommsen was born in Marburg, the child of the historian Wilhelm Mommsen and great-grandson of the historian of Rome <mask>. He was the twin brother of historian <mask>. He studied German, history and philosophy at the University of Heidelberg, the University of Tübingen and the University of Marburg. Mommsen served as professor at Tübingen (1960–1961), Heidelberg (1963–1968) and at the University of Bochum (since 1968). He married Margaretha Reindel in 1966.He was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany from 1960 until his death. He died on 5 November 2015. Early work
Much of <mask>'s early work concerned the history of the German working class, both as an object of study itself and as a factor in the larger German society. <mask>'s 1979 book, Arbeiterbewegung und nationale Frage (The Labour Movement and the National Question), a collection of his essays written in the 1960s–70s was the conclusion of his studies in German working class history. Functionalism and the "weak dictator" thesis
Mommsen was a leading expert on Nazi Germany and the Holocaust. He was a functionalist in regard to the origins of the Holocaust, seeing the Final Solution as a result of the "cumulative radicalization" of the German state as opposed to a long-term plan on the part of Adolf

masks:
Hans Mommsen
Theodor Mommsen
Theodor Mommsen
Wolfgang Mommsen
Mommsen
Mommsen


title: Hans Mommsen

texts: the Nazi Revolution edited by Hajo Holborn, New York: Pantheon Books, 1972, . Beamtentum im Dritten Reich: Mit ausgewählten Quellen zur nationalsozialistischen Beamtenpolitik (The Institution of the Civil Service in the Third Reich: With Selected Sources On National Socialist Civil Service Policy), 1966. Industrielles System und politische Entwicklung in der Weimarer Republik (Industrialism and Political Development of the Weimar Republic), co-edited with Dietmar Petzina and Bernd Weisbrod, 1974. Sozialdemokratie zwische Klassenbewegung und Volkspartei (Social Democracy Between Class Movement and Populist Party), edited by <mask>, 1974. "National Socialism-Continuity and Change"  pages 179-210 from Fascism: A Reader's Guide.Analyses, Interpretations, Bibliography edited by Walter Laqueur,  Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976, . Arbeiterbewegung und Industrieller Wandel: Studien zu Gewerkschaftlichen Organisationsproblemen im Reich und an der Ruhr (Labor Movement and Industrial Change: Problems in Union Organizing in the Reich and the Ruhr), edited by <mask>, 1978. Klassenkampf oder Mitbestimmung: Zum Problem der Kontrolle wirtschaftlicher Macht in der Weimarer Republik (Class Struggle or Co-Determination: Issues in Controlling Economic Influence in the Weimar Republic), 1978. Arbeiterbewegung und Nationale Frage: Ausgewählte Aufsätze (The Labor Movement and the National Question: Selected Essays), 1979. Glück Auf, Kameraden! Die Bergarbeiter und ihre Organisationen in Deutschland (Good Luck, Comrades! Miners and Their Organizations in Germany), co-edited with Ulrich Borsdorf, 1979.Vom Elend der Handarbeit: Probleme

masks:
Hans Mommsen
Hans Mommsen


title: Hans Mommsen

texts:
 the Relativizing of National Socialism" pages 114–124  from Forever In The Shadow of Hitler? edited by Ernst Piper, Humanities Press, Atlantic Highlands, 1993, . "Reflections on the Position of Hitler and Göring in the Third Reich" pages 86–97 from Reevaluating the Third Reich edited by Jane Caplan and Thomas Childers, New York, 1993, . Der Nationalsozialismus: Studien zur Ideologie und Herrschaft (Studies in National Socialist Ideology and Rule), co-edited with Wolfgang Benz and <mask>, 1993.Ungleiche Nachbarn: Demokratische und Nationale Emanzipation bei Deutsche, Tschechen und Slowaken (1815–1914) (Unequal Neighbours: Democratic and National Emancipation of the Germans, Czechs, and Slovaks, 1815–1914) co-edited with Jiřǐ Kořalka, 1993. "Adolf Hitler und der 9. November 1923" (Adolf Hitler and 9 November 1923) from Der 9. November: Fünf Essays zur deutschen Geschichte, 1994. Widerstand und politische Kultur in Deutschland und Österreich (Resistance and Political Culture in Germany and Austria), 1994. "Der Antisemitismus war eine notwendige, aber keineswegs hinreichende Bedingung für den Holocaust" in Die Zeit, Nr. 36, 30 August 1996, translated into English as "Conditions for Carrying Out the Holocaust: Comments on Daniel Goldhagen's Book" pages 31–43 from Hyping the Holocaust: Scholars Answer Goldhagen edited by Franklin Littell, East Rockaway, NY: Cummings & Hathaway, 1997,
Der Erste Weltkrieg und die europäische Nachkriegsordnung: Sozialer Wandel und Formveränderung der Politik, ed.by <mask>, 2000. Alternative zu Hitler. Studien zur Geschichte des deutschen Widerstandes, 2000;  translated into English by Angus McGeoch as

masks:
Hans Buchheim
Hans Mommsen


title: Hans Mommsen

texts:
 Alternatives to Hitler : German Resistance under the Third Reich, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003, . Von Weimar nach Auschwitz: Zur Geschichte Deutschlands in der Weltkriegsepoche, 2001. The Third Reich Between Vision and Reality: New Perspectives on German History, 1918–1945, ed. by <mask>, 2001, . Germans Against Hitler: The Stauffenberg Plot and Resistance Under the Third Reich, translated into English by Angus McGeoch, London: I.B. Tauris, 2009, . Das NS-Regime und die Auslöschung des Judentums in Europa (The Nazi Regime and the Extermination of the Jews in Europe), Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag, 2014, . See also
List of Adolf Hitler books

Notes

References
Bauer, Yehuda, Rethinking the Holocaust, New Haven Conn.; London: Yale University Press, 2001. "Einleitung" (Introduction) in Der Nationalsozialismus und die deutsche Geselleschaft: Ausgewählte Aufsätze (National Socialism and German Society: Selected Essays) edited by Lutz Niethammer and Bernd Wiesbrod, Reinbek: Rowohlt, 1991. Von der Aufgabe der Freiheit: politische Antwortung und bürgerliche Gesellschaft im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert: Festschrift für <mask>en zum. 5.November 1995 (The Task of Freedom: Political Responsibility and Civil Society in the 19th and 20th centuries) edited by Christian Jansen, Lutz Niethammer, and Bernd Wiesbrod, Berlin: Akademie, 1995. Kautz, Fred, The German Historians: Hitler's Willing Executioners and Daniel Goldhagen, Montreal: Black Rose Books, 2003, . Kershaw, Ian, The Nazi Dictatorship : problems and perspectives of interpretation London: Arnold; New York: Copublished in the USA by Oxford University Press, 2000. Menke, Martin,

masks:
Hans Mommsen
Hans Momms


title: Hans Mommsen

texts:
 "Mommsen, <mask>", pages 826-827 from The Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, edited by Kelly Boyd, Volume 2, London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishing, 1999. Marrus, Michael, The Holocaust in History, Toronto: Lester & Orpen Dennys, 1987. <mask>, Neues vom Reichstagsbrand – Eine Dokumentation. Ein Versäumnis der deutschen Geschichtsschreibung.Mit einem Geleitwort von Iring Fetscher und Beiträgen von Dieter Deiseroth, Hersch Fischler, Wolf-Dieter Narr; herausgegeben von der Vereinigung Deutscher Wissenschaftler e. V., Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, 2004, . External links

The Genesis of the Holocaust: An Assessment of the Functionalist School of Historiography, Jacqueline Bird
Portrait of <mask>en
An Interview with Professor <mask>

1930 births
2015 deaths
People from Marburg
20th-century German historians
Historians of Nazism
Historians of the Holocaust
Fellows of the British Academy
Members of Academia Europaea
Members of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
People from Hesse-Nassau
Heidelberg University alumni
Heidelberg University faculty
University of Tübingen alumni
University of Tübingen faculty
University of Marburg alumni
German male non-fiction writers
21st-century German

masks:
Hans
Hans Schneider
Hans Momms
Hans Mommsen


title: Brad Brach

texts:
<mask> ( ; born April 12, 1986) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres, Baltimore Orioles, Atlanta Braves, Chicago Cubs, New York Mets, and Cincinnati Reds. Brach was an All-Star in 2016. Amateur career
Brach grew up in Freehold Township, New Jersey, where he attended Freehold Township High School. Brach grew up a New York Mets fan. He enrolled at Monmouth University and played college baseball as a starting pitcher for the Monmouth Hawks through his senior year. In 2007, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Cotuit Kettleers of the Cape Cod Baseball League.As of 2011 he still held the school record for career wins and strikeouts. In 2016, he was inducted into Monmouth's athletics hall of fame. Professional career

San Diego Padres
The San Diego Padres selected Brach in the 42nd round of the 2008 Major League Baseball draft; he was signed by the Padres' Northeast Scouting Director, Jim Bretz. Brach spent 2009 with the Class-A Fort Wayne TinCaps and 2010 with the Class-A Advanced Lake Elsinore Storm pitching in relief. He was named the California League's Pitcher of the Year for 2010 after posting a 2.47 ERA and saving a league record 41 games in 62 appearances. Brach began 2011 with the Double-A San Antonio Missions and was promoted to the Triple-A Tucson Padres in July. Between the two clubs he posted a 2.89 ERA and 94 strikeouts in 71 innings.<mask> was called up to the Major Leagues for the first time on August 31, 2011,  working 1 innings against the Los Angeles Dodgers. He stayed with the Padres through September, appearing in eight more games and finishing with a 5.14 ERA and 11 strikeouts. <mask> made the Padres' 2012 Opening Day roster, replacing an injured Tim Stauffer. He was optioned to Triple-A Tucson on April 16 after five

masks:
Brad Brach
Brach
Brach


title: Brad Brach

texts:
 relief appearances, but was recalled on May 4. He was optioned to Tucson again on June 28 to make room on the roster when Andrew Cashner returned as a starter, but was recalled on July 4 when Cashner was placed on the disabled list. Brach remained with the Padres through the rest of 2012, posting a 3.78 ERA in 67 total appearances and striking out 75 against 33 walks in 66 innings. Brach was designated for assignment by the Padres on November 20, 2013.Baltimore Orioles
Brach was traded to the Baltimore Orioles on November 25, 2013, in exchange for minor league RHP Devin Jones. Brach had a solid year in his first season with the Orioles, as he appeared in 46 regular season games with a 3.18 ERA. He struck out 54 batters, having a 7.8 K/9 ratio. Brach recorded his first ever win in the MLB Playoffs on October 3, 2014, against the Detroit Tigers. In 2015, Brach appeared in 62 games out of the bullpen, throwing 79 innings, pitching to a 2.72 ERA and a 5–3 record. He held opponents to a .203 average and had 10.1 K/9. In 2016, Brach was named to his first career All-Star game, along with fellow Orioles pitcher, Zach Britton.(Manny Machado, Matt Wieters, and Mark Trumbo were also selected from the Orioles). Through the first half of the 2016 campaign, Brach posted a 6–1 record, 0.91 ERA and a 0.83 WHIP to accompany 58 strikeouts and 15 walks in 49 innings. He led all Major League relievers in WAR at the break. Despite struggling in the second half, Brach finished the season making 71 appearances, throwing 79 innings, striking out a career-high 92 batters while picking up a career-high ten wins, 24 Holds, two saves and pitched to a 2.05 ERA. He tossed 1 innings and struck out two batters in the Orioles Wild Card game loss. <mask> opened the 2017 as the Orioles eighth inning, setup man. He assumed the role of closer early on in the season after teammate


title: Brad Brach

texts:
 Zach Britton was placed on the DL.On April 19, 20 & 21, Brach earned saves in consecutive games. He became the fourth pitcher in Orioles history to record perfect saves in three consecutive days. On the season, Brach ended with a 3.18 ERA in 67 games while recording 18 saves. The following season, he assumed the closer role while Britton recovered from an offseason injury. Brach struggled through the first half, posting an ERA of 4.85 in 42 games with 11 saves. Atlanta Braves
On July 29, 2018, Brach was traded to the Atlanta Braves in exchange for international signing bonus slot money. Down the stretch, Brach owned an ERA of 1.52 in 27 appearances for the Braves.Chicago Cubs
On February 11, 2019, Brach signed a one-year, $3 million deal with the Chicago Cubs. The deal included a mutual option for 2020. He struggled through inconsistency and control through 42 games, posting a career worst 6.13 ERA while walking batters at a 6.4 rate which was a career high. On August 3, 2019, the Cubs designated him for assignment. On August 6, 2019, the Cubs officially released Brach. New York Mets
Brach signed with the New York Mets on August 9, 2019. He finished the 2019 season going 1–1 with a 3.68 ERA over 14.2 innings for the Mets.<mask> re-signed on a one-year contract with the Mets worth $850,000 with a player option for the 2021 season worth $1.25 million on December 6, 2019. Appearing in 15 contests for the Mets in 2020, Brach pitched to a 5.84 ERA with 14 strikeouts in 12.1 innings pitched. On October 31, 2020, <mask> exercised his player option to remain with the Mets for the 2021 season. On February 11, 2021, Brach was designated for assignment by the Mets after the signing of Jonathan Villar was made official. On February 16, Brach was released by the Mets. Kansas City Royals
On February 22, 2021, Brach signed a minor league contract with the Kansas

masks: Brach Brach


title: David Somerset, 11th Duke of Beaufort

texts:
<mask>, 11th <mask> GCC (23 February 1928 – 16 August 2017), known as <mask> until 1984, was an English peer and major landowner. An important figure in the world of fox hunting, he was also chairman of Marlborough Fine Art and was well known for frequent conflicts with hunt saboteurs. He also held the office of Hereditary Keeper of Raglan Castle and was President of the British Horse Society. Early life
<mask> was the second son of Captain Henry Robert Somers FitzRoy de Vere Somerset (1898—1965), by his marriage in 1922 to Bettine Violet Malcolm, a daughter of Major C. E. Malcolm. He was educated at Eton College. His father was the grandson of Lord Henry Somerset, second son of the 8th Duke of Beaufort and the temperance activist Lady Isabella Somers-Cocks. He and his family were descended in the male line from Edward III of England; the first Somerset was a legitimised son of <mask>, Duke of Somerset, whose grandfather was a legitimized son of John of Gaunt.By the time he succeeded as Duke he was therefore considered the senior representative of the House of Plantagenet, through a legitimised line. Somerset's father was the heir presumptive to the Dukedom of Beaufort and the large estates attached to it. By the time he was about twelve, it was becoming clear that his father's first cousin once removed Henry Somerset, 10th Duke of Beaufort, was unlikely to have a son, unless his childless wife Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort, died and he remarried, and that Somerset's father and elder brother were almost the heirs

masks:
David Robert Somerset
Duke of Beaufort
David Somerset
David Somerset
Henry Beaufort


title: David Somerset, 11th Duke of Beaufort

texts:
 apparent. And then the outlook changed in April 1945, when his elder brother John Alexander Somerset was killed in action in the Allied invasion of Germany. As a result, at the age of seventeen Somerset himself became the likely heir. <mask>, as he then was, was commissioned into the Coldstream Guards on 6 September 1946 as a second lieutenant. He was promoted to lieutenant on 1 January 1949.Later life
After his years in the British Army, Somerset took up residence in Gloucestershire, hunted with the Beaufort Hunt, and following his father's death in 1965 it was increasingly certain that he or one of his sons would be the next Duke of Beaufort. He finally succeeded to the family titles and estates in 1984. As <mask> of Beaufort, he was a major landowner and figure in the world of fox hunting, and he became well known for a raffish reputation and also for frequent conflicts with hunt saboteurs. He held the office of Hereditary Keeper of Raglan Castle, was President of the British Horse Society between 1988 and 1990, and was chairman of Marlborough Fine Art. He ranked 581st in the Sunday Times Rich List 2008, with an estimated wealth of £135m in land and 52,000 acres. The Duke was nominated to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1988. He had a seat in the House of Lords, where he sat as a Conservative from 1984 to 1999.He was one of those who lost their seats as a result of New Labour's reforms in the House of Lords Act 1999. The Duke was criticised in January 2009 when a Swansea councillor, Ioan Richard,

masks:
David Somerset
Duke


title: David Somerset, 11th Duke of Beaufort

texts:
 discovered by a Freedom of Information Act request that he had been paid £281,431 for a 70 ft bridge to be built over the River Tawe near Swansea. The Dukes of Beaufort had owned the river bed for some 400 years, so when the local council had wanted to build a bridge linking a shopping centre to the Liberty Stadium, home of Swansea City football club and the Ospreys rugby team, it had to pay the Duke for the right to cross his river bed. Ioan Richard stated that he was "furious that public money had to be used to pay one of Britain's richest estates. For centuries Swansea folk have paid rents to the <mask> of <mask> and we don't owe this powerful and wealthy family anything." A spokesman for the duke's estate at Badminton House responded: "We do not want to comment about a private transaction." <mask> died on 16 August 2017 at Badminton House, Gloucestershire, at the age of 89.Family
He married, firstly, Lady Caroline Jane Thynne (28 August 1928 – 22 April 1995), daughter of the 6th Marquess of Bath, on 5 July 1950. The marriage took place at St Peter's Church, Eaton Square, in the presence of the King and Queen and members of the royal family. The Duchess of Beaufort presided over the restoration of Badminton House and its grounds. She received an honorary degree (LLD) from Bristol University for her charitable work. They had four children:
Henry John FitzRoy Somerset, 12th Duke of Beaufort (b. 22 May 1952); married Tracy Louise Ward (a granddaughter of the 3rd Earl of Dudley, former actress and environmental activist) and

masks: Duke Beaufort Beaufort


title: David Somerset, 11th Duke of Beaufort

texts:
 has issue, two sons and one daughter. They divorced in 2018.Robert Somerset, Marquess of Worcester (b. 1989)
Lady Isabella Elsa Somerset (b. 1991)
Lord Alexander Somerset (b. 1995)
Lady Anne Mary Somerset (b. 21 January 1955); historian, married Matthew Carr (1953—2011) in 1988 and has one daughter. Eleanor Carr (b. 1992)
Lord Edward Alexander Somerset (b.1 May 1958); He married in 1982 the Hon. (Georgiana) <mask> (2nd daughter of <mask>, 2nd Viscount <mask>) and is reported as divorcing her after he was jailed for assaulting her. They have issue:
Francesca Somerset (b. 1984)
Rose Victoria Somerset (b. 1992)
Lord John Robert Somerset (b. 5 November 1964) also known as Lord Johnson Somerset, married to (now divorced from) Lady Cosima Vane-Tempest-Stewart (daughter of Alexander Charles Robert Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry), and has a son and daughter:
<mask> Somerset (b. 1991)
Romy Caroline Somerset (b.1993)

The Duke married, secondly, Miranda Elisabeth Morley (born 1947), on 2 June 2000. She is a daughter of Brigadier General Michael Frederick Morley. Ancestry

The Duke's patriline is the line from which he is descended father to

masks:
Caroline Davidson
John Davidson
Davidson
Lyle David


title: Henry Holden (police officer)

texts:
<mask>, DL, JP (26 August 1823 – 1 February 1900) was an English soldier and Chief Constable of Nottinghamshire. He was also an amateur cricketer and controversial cricket administrator who played a part in one of the first strikes by professional cricketers in 1881. As a player, <mask>'s batting style is unknown. Early life
The son of <mask> and Mary Anne Drury Lowe, he was born at Locko Park, Derbyshire. Professional career
<mask> served in the British Army where he reached the rank of captain in the 38th Regiment. He was also the Chief Constable of Nottinghamshire from 1856 to 1892 and a Justice of the Peace. In 1892 he was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire.Cricket career
He made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Nottinghamshire in 1853 at Trent Bridge. Nottinghamshire batted first, making 100 all out. In response, Sussex made 98 all out in their first-innings, with <mask>, who captained the county in what was his only game for them, being dismissed for a duck by John Bickley. Nottinghamshire were then dismissed for just 69 in their second-innings to set Sussex 72 for victory. Sussex succeeded in their chase to win by three wickets, with <mask> not required to bat. Nottinghamshire secretary
He became the secretary of Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club in 1874, in what was to be a somewhat controversial tenure in that role. In 1880, the Australians toured England, making considerable money from gate receipts, something English cricketers, regarded as "gentlemen" did not do.Nottinghamshire's Alfred Shaw, however, saw this as an opportunity. He arranged a first-class match between the Players of the North and the

masks:
Henry Holden
Holden
Robert Holden
Holden
Holden
Holden


title: Henry Holden (police officer)

texts: Australians at Park Avenue, Bradford toward the end of the tour, which made Shrewsbury a healthy profit. A few days after this match, he hastily arranged a match between Nottinghamshire and the Australians at Trent Bridge. Seeking once more to make money, Shaw informed <mask> that himself and six other Nottinghamshire players would only take to the field for a minimum of £20 each. <mask> agreed, albeit reluctantly, and was reported to privately fuming at the demand. In the Autumn, Shaw attempted to arrange an early season fixture for the following season against Yorkshire, with the view of once again profiting from it. <mask> found out about this and told Shaw he alone did not have the authority to arrange county fixtures.He proceeded to write to all of Nottinghamshire's professionals, informing them they would have to sign a binding contract under which they would have to be available for all official Nottinghamshire matches. Shaw, Arthur Shrewsbury, William Barnes, Wilfred Flowers, Fred Morley, William Scotton and John Selby disagreed with his proposal. They countered with their own three-point proposal. They firstly asked that the unofficial Yorkshire fixture be allowed to take place, secondly, that after ten years service to the county a player was awarded a benefit, and thirdly that all seven of them be allowed to take part in all Nottinghamshire matches in 1881. All seven rebel players played in Nottinghamshire's first match of 1881, but following the committee rejecting the first of their two proposals, resulting in the players striking. Such was their distrust of <mask>, they refused any resolution talks in which <mask> was present, but the

masks: Holden Holden Holden Holden Holden


title: Henry Holden (police officer)

texts:
 committee demanded he be there, resulting in a stalemate for much of the season and Nottinghamshire fielding a virtual second XI. <mask> asked the Marylebone Cricket Club to intervene in the dispute, which they did, resulting in the seven players returning.However, <mask> re-ignited to dispute by leaving out Shrewsbury and Flowers from the team, resulting in all seven players resuming their strike. <mask> approached the players toward the end of the season, with five of them returning, while Shrewsbury and Shaw apologised to the committee for their actions in 1882 and were welcomed back into the team. The strike was described as a historical moment between players and their relationship with their counties, with James Lillywhite writing in his Cricketers' Annual that, "It involved a distinct and material alteration in the relations between paid cricketers and their employers which vitally affected the interests of every club of any importance.". 1882 dispute with the Australians

During Australias 1882 tour to England, Nottinghamshire played a first-class match against the tourists at Trent Bridge. During lunch of one of the days the match was played over, the Australians discovered that no lunch had been provided for them. It was, in those days, custom for hosts to looks after amateur "gentlemen". Professionals were deemed to be those making money from playing, which the Australians were, and were therefore expected to provide their own lunch.Despite this, the Australians were enraged and confronted <mask>, who had been in charge of lunch arrangements. In a heated exchange with the Australians manager Charles Beal and batsman George Bonnor, he

masks: Holden Holden Holden Holden


title: Henry Holden (police officer)

texts:
 told them he had "forgot" to provide lunch, then reminded them as paid professionals they were expected to find their own. Aggravated by the argument with Beal and Bonnor, <mask> was reported to have then turned on Australian captain Billy Murdoch to remind him it was him, in his capacity of secretary, and not the umpires or team captains who had the right to demand when the pitch be rolled. Bonnor by this point was being restrained to avoid a physical altercation with <mask>. During the night, a member of the Australian touring party chalked some derogatory remarks about <mask> in the hotel in which the team was staying. When discovered, <mask> openly accused Beal of writing the remarks. However, it was discovered that <mask> himself had made the remarks in an attempt to get one over on Beal.He also had a dispute with Lancashire captain A. N. Hornby during his tenure. He was invited to resign from his position by the Nottinghamshire committee in 1883. Personal life
In 1850, he married Isabella Cunard, daughter of Sir Samuel Cunard, 1st Baronet and Susan Duffus, in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The couple had seven children. <mask> died at Bramcote Hills, Nottinghamshire, on 1 February 1900. His brother, Robert, and nephew, Thomas Pearson, both played first-class cricket. References

External links
<mask> at ESPNcricinfo
<mask> at CricketArchive

1823 births
1900 deaths
People from the Borough of Erewash
South Staffordshire Regiment officers
British Chief Constables
English cricketers
Sussex cricketers
Sussex cricket captains
English cricket administrators
Military personnel from Derbyshire
Deputy Lieutenants of Nottinghamshire
19th-century British

masks:
Holden
Holden
Holden
Holden
Holden
Holden
Henry Holden
Henry Holden


title: Stephen R. L. Clark

texts:
<mask> (born 30 October 1945) is an English philosopher and professor emeritus of philosophy at the University of Liverpool. <mask> specialises in the philosophy of religion and animal rights, writing from a philosophical position that might broadly be described as Christian Platonist. He is the author of twenty books, including The Moral Status of Animals (1977), The Nature of the Beast (1982), Animals and Their Moral Standing (1997), G.K. Chesterton (2006), Philosophical Futures (2011), and Ancient Mediterranean Philosophy (2012), as well as 77 scholarly articles, and chapters in another 109 books. He is a former editor-in-chief of the Journal of Applied Philosophy (1990–2001). Background

Education and career
<mask> was born on 30 October 1945 in Luton, Bedfordshire, though the family came originally from Shropshire/Staffordshire. His father, D. A. R<mask>, was an apprentice railway engineer who became a technology teacher, and was later appointed principal of Middlesbrough Technical College, now the University of Teesside, then principal of Nottingham Technical College, now Trent University. His mother, M. K. <mask>, was a teacher and the daughter of Samuel Finney.<mask> was raised in the Anglican tradition. After attending Nottingham High School (1956–1964), he won a scholarship to Balliol College, Oxford (1964–1968), graduating with a first-class honours degree in greats (classics) in 1968, followed by a fellowship at All

masks:
Stephen Richard Lyster Clark
Clark
Clark
. Clark
Clark
Clark


title: Stephen R. L. Clark

texts:
 Souls (1968–1975). He was awarded his Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1973. Brannon Hancock writes that the philosophers Arthur Prior and Sir Anthony Kenny had a great intellectual influence on <mask> at Balliol, while <mask>er was one of his greatest influences at All Souls. After Oxford, he lectured in moral philosophy at the University of Glasgow for nine years, until he was appointed professor of philosophy at Liverpool in 1984. He retired from this post at the end of 2009. He has also been a visiting professor at Vanderbilt University and held an <mask> Fellowship at Durham University.He is married to <mask>, with whom he has three children, Samuel, Alexandra, and Verity. Lectures
<mask>ord Lectures at the University of Glasgow, entitled "From Athens to Jerusalem", the Stanton Lectures in Philosophy of Religion at the University of Cambridge (1987–1989), and the Wilde Lectures at the University of Oxford (1990). He has also delivered the Scott Holland Lecture at the University of Liverpool (1992), the Aquinas Lecture at the University of Oxford (1994), the <mask> Tuckwell Lecture at Bristol University (1994), the Royal Institute of Philosophy Lecture at the University of Durham (1995), and the Aquinas Lecture at the Catholic University of Leuven (2000). Work on animal rights
<mask> served on the British government's Animal Procedures Committee, a group that advises the Home Secretary on animal testing, from 1998 until 2006.

masks:
Clark
Robin Zaehn
Alan Richardson
Gillian Clark
Clarkiff
Read
Clark


title: Stephen R. L. Clark

texts: He has also been involved with the Boyd Group, a think tank set up by researchers involved in animal testing, and others who oppose it. <mask> argues that the moral basis of humanism – that all human beings have equal moral status – is now so entrenched, in theory if not in practice, that we fail to consider what a radical idea it used to be. He writes that behind this idea is the notion that human beings are in some way uniquely gifted, perhaps with a share in the divine.This human/non-human divide was promoted to prevent human beings from being treated like animals on some utilitarian calculation, rather than as ends in themselves. He writes that we now know non-human animals to be much closer to humans than was previously thought, and therefore similar considerations must be extended to them. He highlights the incongruity of modern thinkers being willing to ignore the idea that human beings were made in the image of God, yet unwilling to accept what he argues is the moral conclusion that stems from the rejection of that idea, namely that we ought not to treat non-humans with radically less consideration than we treat humans. He writes: "If species differences are only racial differences 'writ large,' and it is plainly wrong to make such racial differences a ground for radically different treatment ... we have to concede that if it is wrong to injure humans it must also be wrong to do identical or very similar injury to


title: Stephen R. L. Clark

texts:
 and the Great Awakening (Oxford University Press, 1991)
How to Think about the Earth (Mowbrays, 1993)
How to Live Forever (Routledge, 1995)
Animals and their Moral Standing (Routledge, 1997)
God, Religion and Reality (Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1998)
The Political Animal (Routledge, 1999)
Biology and Christian Ethics (Cambridge University Press, 2000)
G.K. Chesterton: Thinking Backwards, Looking Forwards (Templeton, 2006)
Understanding Faith (Imprint Academic, 2009)
with Panayiota Vassilopoulou (eds.). Late Antique Epistemology: Other Ways to Truth (Macmillan, 2009)
Philosophical Futures (<mask>, 2011)
Ancient Mediterranean Philosophy (Continuum, 2012). Plotinus: myth, metaphor and philosophical practice (University of Chicago Press, 2016). Can We Believe in People? Human Significance in an Interconnected Cosmos (Brooklyn, NY: Angelico, 2020)

Selected book chapters
"The Pretext of 'Necessary Suffering'", in Clark, <mask> R.L.The Moral Status of Animals (Clarendon Press, 1977)
"Good Dogs and Other Animals", in Peter Singer (ed.). In Defense of Animals (Basil Blackwell, 1985)
"Is Humanity a Natural Kind?" in T. Ingold (ed.). What is an Animal? (Unwin Hyman 1988). "The Consciousness of Animals," in R. Tallis & H. <mask> (eds.). The Pursuit of Mind (Carcanet Press 1991)
"How many Selves make me?," D. Cockburn (ed.)Human Beings (Cambridge University Press 1991)
"Apes and the Idea of Kindred", in Paola Cavalieri and

masks:
Peter Lang
Stephen
Robinson


title: Stephen R. L. Clark

texts:
 Peter Singer (eds.). The Great Ape Project (St. Martin's Griffin, 1993)
"Species-essentialism," in Marc Bekoff (ed.) Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare (Greenwood Press, 1998)
"Impersonal Minds," in Anthony O'Hear (eds.). Minds and Persons (Cambridge University Press, 2003)
"Vegetarianism and the Ethics of Virtue," in Steve F. Sapontzis (ed.). Food for Thought: The Debate Over Eating Meat (Prometheus Books, 2004)
"Ethical Thought in India," in John Skorupski (ed.). Routledge Companion to Ethics (Routledge, 2010)
"Animals in Classical and Late Antique Philosophy," in <mask> & Tom Beauchamp (eds.). Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics (Oxford University Press, 2011)

Selected papers
"Animal Wrongs", Analysis, Vol.38, No. 3 (Jun. 1978), pp. 147–149
 "The Rights of Wild Things", Inquiry, vol, 22 (1979), pp. 171-188. "On Wishing There Were Unicorns", Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, New Series, Vol. 90, (1989–1990), pp.247–265
"Orwell and the Anti-Realists", Philosophy, Vol. 67, No. 260 (Apr. 1992), pp. 141–154
"Deference, Degree and Selfhood", Philosophy, Vol. 80, No. 312 (Apr.2005), pp. 249–260

References

Further reading
Dombrowski, Daniel. Not Even a Sparrow Falls: The Philosophy of <mask>. L. <mask>. Michigan State University Press. External links

<mask>'s webpage, University of Liverpool

1945 births
Living people
20th-century English philosophers
20th-century English male writers
21st-century English

masks:
Raymond Frey
Stephen R
Clark
Stephen Clark


title: Rafael Zamarripa

texts:
<mask> (born February 8, 1942) is a painter, sculptor, designer, dancer and choreographer from Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Early Life/Education
<mask> was born in 1942 to Francisco ‘Don Panchito’ <mask>,  a shoemaker, and Maria de Luz Castañeda, who loved to play the piano. He has described them as ‘strict, but loving.’ His family, including his six other siblings, was poor, but always had food and clothing. <mask> discovered his interest and talent in art at an early age. One of his first art approaches was through puppets. As a kid <mask> was amazed by puppets and he eventually started making his own. He would use sticks, paper, and cardboard to make them and he would also dress them with fabric.At the age of eight his parents sent him to work with a santero (sculptor of religious wooden figures). Here, he started practicing his sculpting skills. Around this time Zamarripa would also help his father sell shoes downtown. On his way downtown, he would pass Teatro Degollado, which intrigued him. Returning from downtown, he would linger at the building to play with the stage crew’s children. He enrolled in the school at age fourteen. In this school the music department offered a Mexican folk dance class in the summer, composed primarily of female students who were in need of male dance partners.<mask>, along with other students from the art department, joined and he began dancing there with no formal training. When summer classes ended, the dance students wanted to continue dancing on their own, so they formed a local student group that met every Saturday. They practiced regional folk dances, traditional jarabes, and sones, taught to them by two iconic figures in Mexican folkloric dance, María del Refugio García Brambila and Francisco Sanchez Flores. Mexican Folklore Dance
Danza folklórica mexicana is a choreographed style of dance rooted in regional folk expressions of Mexico, dating back to the Post-Revolutionary period. It contains theatrical elements and is considered a stylized art form, showcasing the cultural

masks:
Rafael Zamarripa Castañeda
Zamarripa
Zamarripa
Zamarripa
Zamarripa
Zamarripa


title: Rafael Zamarripa

texts:
 diversity of Mexico. The style was cultivated in the 1960s and has risen to prominence in both Mexico and the United States. It is performed across the world.Career
In 1949, Zamarripa was approached by Amalia Hernández, who developed folkloric dance for theater, and founded Ballet Folklórico de México, after watching him dance with his student group, she invited him to join her company, but he declined because of his ambitions of pursuing a career as a sculptor. She encouraged him to reconsider, and told him it could help his art career. He now praises Hernández for fulfilling her promises. Soon after, he joined the Ballet on a trip to Europe, where they placed first at the Festival of Nations in Paris. Upon returning, he started to formalize the dance group, employing the new techniques he learned with Hernández. The group was invited to join a prestigious dance competition, entering as El Grupo de Danza Regional de la Escuela de Artes Plásticas. They brought Zamarripa with them to teach them how to perform on stage.The group placed first regionally in Jalisco, and continued to Mexico City to compete at the national level, where their director allowed them to call themselves El Grupo Folklórico de la Universidad de Guadalajara. The distinguished judges eliminated all but the most talented groups. <mask> considers the winners of this competition and the next four to be influential and active pioneers of Mexican folkloric dance from 1964 to the present. When his group returned to Guadalajara, the director realized <mask>'s potential as a producer and a director, equating his staging abilities with those of Amalia Hernández. A few years later, <mask> formed El Grupo Folklórico de Guadalajara, which would define and set the standard for traditional folkloric dance. Today, his paintings and sculptures adorn buildings and parks in Jalisco and Colima. He has been a maestro and choreographer for different folk dance groups in Mexico and the U.S., and has showcased his choreographies all over the world.He is currently the

masks: Zamarripa Zamarripa Zamarripa


title: Rafael Zamarripa

texts:
 director of the Ballet Folklórico de la Universidad de Colima and he continues to practice his passions of painting, sculpting, teaching and choreographing Mexican folk dance today. Work

Dance
He founded several major dance companies including the award-winning Grupo Folklórico de la Universidad de Guadalajara and Ballet Folklórico de la Universidad de Colima. <mask> also established the Escuela de Danza at the University of Guadalajara in 1966, becoming its first director. In 1980, he created the Centro de Danza Universitaria at the University of Colima, one of the first universities to offer a bachelor's degree in Mexican folkloric dance. Zamarripa offered original contributions to the Mexican folk dance genre, such as the presentation of Corridos (narrative ballads) on stage, founding of the Raza technique (a quick and efficient teaching method using drums to perfect dancers' footwork), and the creation of the Culebra dance prototype (the Snake Dance). In his shows, he communicates stories contextualized with music and dance in a theatrical setting. He has directed various types of performances, like regional dances from Mexico, Pre-Hispanic dances, ritual dances, indigenous dances, Corridos, and many more.In his choreographies, <mask> strives to retain the cultural and historical roots of the dances. He personally manages the scenery, lighting, music, and designs the costumes in a way that preserves the dance’s roots. He has attended many workshops, conferences, and universities in Mexico and the United States to assist folkloric dance groups and offer his expertise. <mask> is currently the director of the Ballet Folclórico de la Universidad de Colima, and Chair of the Department of Dance in the Insituto Universitario de Bellas Artes at the University of Colima. "Folkloric dance is a vital form of communication, art is communication...be it dance, painting, culture, an expression of our sentiments..." -<mask>, Danza Folklórica Escénica, 2011

Art
<mask>'s paintings, sculptures, and designs are thought to be

masks:
Zamarripa
Zamarripa
Zamarripa
Rafael Zamarripa
Zamarripa


title: Rafael Zamarripa

texts:
 distinct and recognizable, as are his choreographies. He is considered one of Mexico's most prominent contemporary artists. At the age of 18, <mask> was hired to sculpt The Boy on the Seahorse, which has become one of the official symbols of the city of Puerto Vallarta.After completing a degree in art and education in Mexico, Zamarripa took advanced art courses in Italy, New Zealand, and Australia. In 2000, Zamarripa completed a series of sketches to be featured in the book Trajes de Danza Mexicana, a collaboration with Xochitl Medina Ortiz. The book, published in 2001, contains detailed illustrations and descriptions of the folk dance attire of each of the 32 Mexican states. His artworks are displayed on numerous buildings and parks in Jalisco and Colima, such as the bronze relief structure on the Teatro Degollado and the León en el Árbol sculpture in Guadalajara's Plaza Tapatia. Colima, Zamarripa’s current home, also features his paintings and sculptures throughout the city and on the campus of the University of Colima. Awards/Notability
The National Sculptor Prize (1960)
First Place in Festival of Nations (Paris, 1961)
 Received honors (medal, parchment, $50,000)  from the Fundación Pedro Sarquís Merrewe in Guadalajara for work in visual arts and dance (2007)
In 2010, Olga Nájera-Ramirez wrote, directed, and produced a 50-minute documentary, Danza Folklórica Escénica,  focused on Mexican folklórico dance through the life and accomplishments of Zamarripa. She created the film with intentions of demystifying folklórico.She chose to do a film, rather than a written text, to showcase his choreographies, his artwork and his charismatic personality. Zamarripa's students consider him the father and master of folklórico dance, praising him as an incredibly open, devoted, generous, and unselfish teacher. References

http://www.olganajera.com/
http://www.latarea.com.mx/articu/articu0/sonia0.htm

Living people
1942 births
Artists from Guadalajara, Jalisco
Mexican sculptors
Male sculptors
Mexican painters
Mexican


title: Sarah Grand

texts:
<mask> (10 June 1854 – 12 May 1943) was an English feminist writer active from 1873 to 1922. Her work revolved around the New Woman ideal. Early life and influences
<mask> was born Frances Elizabeth Bellenden Clarke in Rosebank House, Donaghadee, County Down, Ireland, of English parents. Her father was Edward John Bellenden Clarke (1813–1862) and her mother was Margaret Bell Sherwood (1813–1874). When her father died, her mother took her and her siblings back to Bridlington, England to be near her family who lived at Rysome Garth near Holmpton in the East Riding of Yorkshire. <mask>'s education was very sporadic, yet she managed with perseverance to make a career for herself as an activist and writer, drawing on her travels and life experiences. In 1868 <mask> was sent to the Royal Naval School, Twickenham, but was soon expelled for organizing groups that supported Josephine Butler's protests against the Contagious Diseases Act, which persecuted prostitutes as infected women, as the sole cause of the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, subjecting them to indignities such as inspection of their genitals and enclosure in locked hospital wards.<mask> was then sent to a finishing school in Kensington, London. In August 1870, at the age of sixteen, she married widowed Army surgeon David Chambers McFall, who was 23 years her senior and had two sons from his previous marriage: Chambers Haldane Cooke McFall and Albert William Crawford McFall. <mask> and McFall's only child, David Archibald Edward McFall, was born in Sandgate, Kent, on 7 October 1871. He became an actor and took the name Archie Carlaw <mask>. From 1873 to 1878 the family travelled in the Far East, providing <mask> with more material for her fiction. In 1879 they moved to

masks:
Sarah Grand
Sarah Grand
Grand
Grand
Grand
Grand
Grand
Grand


title: Sarah Grand

texts:
 Norwich, and in 1881 to Warrington, Lancashire where her husband retired. Upon returning to England, she and her husband became sexually estranged by her husband's bizarre sexual appetites.<mask> felt constrained by her marriage. She turned to writing, but her first novel, Ideala, self-published in 1888, enjoyed limited success and some negative reviews. George Gissing who read the novel in April 1889 wrote in his diary that he found it 'on the whole an interesting book but crude in parts and without much style'. Nevertheless, she trusted in her new career to support her in her decision to leave her husband in 1890 and move to London. Recently enacted laws that allowed women to retain their personal property after marriage were an encouraging factor in her decision. She used her experience of suffocation in marriage and the joy of consequent liberation in her fictional depictions of pre-suffrage women with few political rights and options, trapped in oppressive marriages. Later works would have a more sympathetic stance to males, such as Babs the Impossible in which the single noble women would feel resurgence in their worth encouraged by an idealistic self-made man.Through her husband's work as an army surgeon, <mask> learned of the anatomical physiology of the nature of sexually transmitted diseases. She used this knowledge in her 1893 novel The Heavenly Twins, warning of the dangers of syphilis, advocating sensitivity rather than condemnation for the young women infected with this disease. Rebirth as <mask> and her later life and death
Clarke renamed herself <mask> in 1893 with the publication by Heinemann of her novel The Heavenly Twins. This feminine pen name represented the archetype of the "New Woman" developed by her and her

masks:
Grand
Grand
Sarah Grand
Sarah Grand


title: Sarah Grand

texts:
 female colleagues. <mask> established the phrase "New Woman" in a debate with Ouida in 1894. She lived briefly in London, then, after her husband's sudden death in February 1898, moved to Tunbridge Wells, Kent, where her stepson writer and illustrator, Haldane MacFall came to lodge for several years with her. During her stay in Tunbridge Wells she took an active part in the local women's suffrage societies, as well as travelling extensively, particularly to the United States on a lecture tour in the wake of the notoriety of her novel The Heavenly Twins.Although it gained her mixed and often angry criticism, her work was well received by notable authors as George Bernard Shaw. In 1920 she moved to Crowe Hall at Widcombe in Bath, Somerset where she served from 1922 to 1929 as Mayoress alongside Mayor Cedric Chivers. When her home was bombed in 1942, <mask> was persuaded to move to Calne in Wiltshire, where she died the following year on 12 May 1943, a month before her 89th birthday. She is buried in Lansdown Cemetery, Bath, Somerset, alongside her sister, Nellie. Her son Archie outlived her by only a year, dying in a London air raid in 1944. Writing
Her work dealt with the New Woman in fiction and also in fact; <mask> wrote treatises on the subject of the failure of marriage, and her novels may be considered anti-marriage polemics. <mask> holds out the hope of marriage as the holiest and perfect state of union between a man and woman, but deplores the inequality and disadvantages intended to keep young women ignorant, and insists that women should rebel against entrapment in a loveless marriage.The New Woman novel was a development of the late 19th century. New Woman novelists and characters encouraged and supported several types of

masks: Grand Grand Grand Grand


title: Sarah Grand

texts:
 political action in Britain. For some women, the New Woman movement provided support for women who wanted to work and learn for themselves, and who started to question the idea of marriage and the inequality of women. For other women, especially <mask>, the New Woman movement allowed women to speak out not only about the inequality of women, but about middle-class women's responsibilities to the nation. In The Heavenly Twins <mask> demonstrates the dangers of the moral double standard which overlooked men's promiscuity while punishing women for the same acts. More importantly, however, <mask> argues in The Heavenly Twins that in order for the British nation to grow stronger, middle-class women must choose mates with whom they might produce strong, well-educated children. Criticism
The Berg Collection of the New York Public Library keeps Mark Twain's copy of The Heavenly Twins.Twain filled the margins of the book with increasingly critical comments, writing after one chapter, "A cat could do better literature than this." Works
 Ideala, 1888
 The Heavenly Twins, 1893
 Our Manifold Nature, 1894
 The Beth Book, 1897
 Babs the Impossible,1901
 Adnam's Orchard, 1912
 The Winged Victory, 1916
 Variety, 1922

References

External links
 <mask> at The Literary Encyclopedia

 Biography from The Dictionary of Ulster. Retrieved 24 April 2012
 <mask> - Victorian Fiction Research Guide
Tejera, P. (2018). Reinas de la carretera. Madrid. Ediciones Casiopea. 1854 births
1943 deaths
English women novelists
English feminist writers
People from Calne
People from Donaghadee
People from Sandgate, Kent
Victorian novelists
Victorian women writers
19th-century English novelists
20th-century English novelists
19th-century English women writers
20th-century

masks:
Sarah Grand
Grand
Grand
Sarah Grand
Sarah Grand


title: Christopher Thomas Knight

texts:
<mask> (born December 7, 1965), also known as the North Pond Hermit, is a former recluse and burglar who lived without human contact (with two very brief exceptions) for 27 years between 1986 and 2013 in the North Pond area of Maine's Belgrade Lakes. During his seclusion, <mask> lived within a mile of summer cabins in a crude camp he built in a well-drained woodland obscured within a cluster of glacial erratic boulders. Having entered the woods with almost no possessions, he set up a camp composed entirely of items stolen from nearby cabins and camps. He survived by committing around 1,000 burglaries against houses in the area, at a rate of roughly 40 per year, to be able to survive during the harsh winters of Maine. Apart from the fear and notoriety his many burglaries created in the local area, <mask>'s unusual life also attracted widespread international media reports upon his capture. Journalist Michael Finkel wrote an in-depth story about the incident for GQ, and later wrote a book titled The Stranger in the Woods: The Extraordinary Story of the Last True Hermit. Life and seclusion
<mask> entered the woods in 1986 at 20 years of age, saying goodbye to no one.His parents never reported him missing to the police. In an interview, <mask> said, "I had good parents", and, "We're not emotionally bleeding all over each other. We're not touchy-feely. Stoicism is expected." At the time of his notoriety,  neighbors who lived near <mask>'s childhood home reported that for 14 years, they had exchanged no more than a few words with <mask>'s mother. <mask> survived the bitterly cold Maine

masks:
Christopher Thomas Knight
Knight
Knight
Christopher Thomas Knight
Knight
Knight
Knight
Knight


title: Christopher Thomas Knight

texts:
 winters (with temperatures dipping as low as ) by waking up during the coldest part of the night and pacing his camp until warm. He regularly took cold sponge baths, shaved, and cut his hair, in part to avoid suspicion in the event he was spotted by others.He avoided building wood fires, whose smoke might reveal the location of his camp, but relied upon a propane camp stove to cook and melt snow for drinking and bathing. Stolen propane cylinders were transported in canoes borrowed from vacant camps. He quietly paddled along the shadowy shoreline in the predawn hours to avoid being silhouetted on open water. <mask> concealed thefts by sprinkling pine needles over the canoes he had used when he returned them, presumably to make them appear to have been undisturbed. He stockpiled supplies to remain in his camp from November through March to avoid revealing his location by footprints on snow-covered ground. Many have expressed admiration for <mask>'s outdoor survival skills, especially in the harsh Maine winters. Some also expressed doubt, saying that <mask> might have broken into and taken refuge in vacant cabins.Encounters with others during seclusion
At the time of his arrest, <mask> claimed  only one instance occurred  during his 27 years of solitude in which he spoke with another human; at some point in the 1990s, he exchanged the word "hi" with a hiker whom he encountered on a lightly traveled path. In the summer of 2012, <mask> broke into a cabin where a man was sleeping. There was no car in the driveway, so <mask> thought it was empty. Without either one seeing each other, the

masks: Knight Knight Knight Knight Knight Knight


title: Christopher Thomas Knight

texts:
 man shouted "Get the hell out of here! ", after which <mask> ran out. Biographer Michael Finkel later reported that around February 2013, a fisherman named Tony Bellavance (along with his son and grandson) had discovered <mask> in his camp, two months before he was apprehended by police. <mask> later admitted to having been discovered by the fishermen, but had not mentioned it to police at the time of his arrest because the group swore a pact to not tell anyone of their meeting (after the anglers learned that <mask> simply wanted to be left alone).Capture and aftermath
<mask> was captured by game warden Sergeant Terry Hughes on April 4, 2013, while burgling the Pine Tree Camp in Rome, Maine. He was sentenced to seven months in jail on October 28, 2013, of which he had already served all but a week while awaiting sentencing. In addition to the jail sentence, <mask> paid $2,000 in restitution to victims, completed a Co-Occurring Disorders Court Program (designed for people with substance abuse problems and mental health disorders), and completed three years of probation. <mask> has described deep-felt ethical misgivings about the burglaries committed, saying that stealing is wrong. Even the prosecutor said a longer sentence would have been cruel. Judge Nancy Mills believes that <mask> was unlikely to reoffend. After release, <mask> met with the judge every week, avoided alcohol, and secured a job with his brother.Journalist Michael Finkel met with <mask> for nine one-hour sessions while he was in jail. This was the genesis for first an article in GQ in August 2014, and then the book

masks: Knight Knight Knight Knight Knight Knight Knight Knight Knight Knight


title: Christopher Thomas Knight

texts:
 The Stranger In The Woods, published in March 2017. <mask> was largely reluctant to express any inkling of motives or insights gained through his experience, but he did offer, "solitude bestows an increase in something valuable... my perception. But... when I applied my increased perception to myself, I lost my identity. There was no audience, no one to perform for... To put it romantically, I was completely free." Finkel compared this observation to similar statements by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Charles de Foucauld, and <mask>. <mask> however resented being compared to Henry David Thoreau, instead calling him a dilettante because Thoreau only lived for two years in his Walden Pond cabin and his mother did his laundry, saying he was "just a show-off who went out there and wrote a book saying "Look how great I am.""See also

Alexander Bichkov, lived alone in a Russian forest for nearly 20 years and was shot to death by police. Ted Kaczynski, known as the Unabomber - lived as a hermit for 25 years in Montana. <mask>, nomadic hitchhiker who starved to death in the Alaskan wilderness. Subject of Jon Krakauer's book Into the Wild (1996), later adapted into a 2007 film by Sean Penn. Carl McCunn, wildlife photographer who became stranded in the Alaskan wilderness and eventually killed himself when he ran out of supplies (1981). Richard Proenneke, spent 30 years at Twin Lakes in the Alaskan wilderness. References

External links
 The North Pond Hermit - Radio program with Michael Finkel

American hermits
Living people
1965 births
People from Maine
American people convicted of burglary
American

masks:
Knight
Thomas Merton
Knight
Christopher McCandless


title: Yiannis Ritsos

texts:
<mask> (; 1 May 1909 – 11 November 1990) was a Greek poet and communist and an active member of the Greek Resistance during World War II. While he disliked being regarded as a political poet, he has been called "the great poet of the Greek left". Life
Born to a well-to-do landowning family in Monemvasia, <mask> suffered great losses as a child. The early deaths of his mother and eldest brother from tuberculosis, his father's struggles with a mental disease, and the economic ruin of his family marked <mask> and affected his poetry. <mask> himself was confined in a sanatorium for tuberculosis from 1927–1931. Literary start
In 1934, <mask> joined the Communist Party of Greece (KKE). He maintained a working-class circle of friends and published Tractor in 1934.Kostis Palamas, the well known and respected poet, impressed by his talent, praised him publicly. In 1935, he published Pyramids; these two works sought to achieve a fragile balance between faith in the future, founded on the Communist ideal, and personal despair. Tractors and Pyramids initially were not well-received by leftist critics, who found the language "too embellished" and <mask> overly focused on form. He was inspired for his landmark poem Epitaphios by a photo of a dead protester during a massive tobacco-workers demonstration in Thessaloniki in May 1936. Published the same year, it broke with the shape of the Greek traditional popular poetry and expressed in clear and simple language a message of the unity of all people. Political upheaval and the poet
In August 1936, the right-wing dictatorship of Ioannis Metaxas came to power and Epitaphios was burned publicly at the foot of the Acropolis in Athens. <mask> responded by taking his work in a different

masks:
Yiannis Ritsos
Ritsos
Ritsos
Ritsos
Ritsos
Ritsos
Ritsos


title: Yiannis Ritsos

texts:
 direction.He began to explore the conquests of surrealism through the domain of dreams, surprising associations, explosions of images and symbols, a lyricism illustrative of the anguish of the poet, and both tender and bitter souvenirs. During this period <mask> published The Song of my Sister (1937) and Symphony of the Spring (1938). Axis occupation, Civil War and the Junta
During the Axis occupation of Greece (1941–1945) <mask> became a member of the EAM (National Liberation Front) and authored several poems for the Greek Resistance. These include a booklet of poems dedicated to the resistance leader Aris Velouchiotis, written immediately upon the latter's death on 16 June 1945. <mask> also supported the Left in the subsequent Civil War (1946-1949); in 1948 he was arrested and spent four years in prison camps. In the 1950s Epitaphios, set to music by Mikis Theodorakis, became the anthem of the Greek Left. In 1967 he was arrested by the Papadopoulos dictatorship and sent to a prison camp in Gyaros, later to Samos and finally Lemnos.Legacy

Today, <mask> is considered one of the great Greek poets of the twentieth century, alongside Konstantinos Kavafis, Kostas Kariotakis, Angelos Sikelianos, Giorgos Seferis, and Odysseas Elytis. The French poet Louis Aragon once said that <mask> was "the greatest poet of our age." Pablo Neruda declared him to be more deserving of the Nobel Prize for Literature than himself. <mask> was unsuccessfully proposed nine times for it. When he won the Lenin Peace Prize in 1975, he declared "this prize is more important for me than the Nobel." His poetry was banned at times in Greece due to his left wing beliefs. Notable works by <mask> include Pyramids (1935), Epitaphios (1936; second edition,

masks: Ritsos Ritsos Ritsos Ritsos Ritsos Ritsos Ritsos


title: Yiannis Ritsos

texts:
 1956), Vigil (1941–1953), Romiosini (1954) and 18 short songs of the bitter Motherland (18 λιανοτράγουδα της πικρής πατρίδας/18 Lianotragouda Tis Pikris Patridas) (1973).Stratis Haviaras also praised two poems (the one about Jesus and the one about Karl Marx) in his first collection Tractor (1934). Robert Shannan Peckham described him as "perhaps Greece's greatest contemporary poet." Epitaphios became an anthem of the Greek left in the 1950s, and his best-known work. <mask> won the first Greek state poetry award for Moonlight Sonata:

I know that each one of us travels to love alone,
alone to faith and to death. I know it. I’ve tried it. It doesn’t help.Let me come with you. —from Moonlight Sonata. Translation by Peter Green and Beverly Bardsley

Some offer more measured praise. In a review of Selected Poems: 1938-1988, James Erdman argued,
To my ear, many of these selections are simply short prose works, lacking the concentration of the best poetry. The pieces of ancient history and mythology from Repetitions such as "The Graves of Our Ancestors," "Alcmene," "Philometa," and "Achilles After Death" seem among the better efforts. [...] he often uses dream imagery, which can be effective in small doses but soon grows monotonous: not all concepts can be expressed in images. [...] But <mask> is also capable of writing with great power.His best poem is "Romiosini," a lengthy paean to the spirit of the Greek Resistance.Ted Sampson stated that Louis Aragon's declaration about <mask> was "hyperbolic", but wrote that the poet still "excelled in brief epigrammatic utterances as well as in extended lyrics, sequences, and verse dramas of astonishing imagistic and thematic originality—to say nothing of their latent emotional

masks: Ritsos Ritsos Ritsos


title: Yiannis Ritsos

texts:
 intensity". <mask> is also a Golden Wreath Laureate of the Struga Poetry Evenings for 1985. His daughter, Eri, was a candidate for the European Parliament with KKE in the elections of 25 May 2014. Translations
 Subterranean Horses, tr. Minas Savvas, illustrations by the author (1980)
 Chronicle of Exile, tr. M. Savvas (1977) [select poems]
 Eighteen Short Songs of the Bitter Motherland, tr. A. Mims, illus.Y<mask> (1974) [Greek and English]
 Exile and Return, tr. E. Keeley (1985; repr. 1987, 1989) [select poems]
 Gestures and other poems, 1968-1970, tr. N. Stangos, illus. by the poet (1971)
 Repetitions, Testimonies, Parentheses, tr. E. Keeley (1990)
 Selected Poems 1938-1988, tr. K. Friar, K. Myrsiades & others (1989)
 Selected Poems, tr.N. Stangos (1974)
 The Fourth Dimension, tr. P. Green, B. Bardsley (1993)
 Late Into the Night: The Last Poems of Yannis <mask>, trans. Martin McKinsey (Oberlin College Press, 1995). Diaries of Exile, Archipelago Books, , (2012)
 Petrified Time: Poems from Makrónissos, trans. Martin McKinsey and Scott King (Red Dragonfly Press, 2014).  .
 Twelve Poems About Cavafy, tr. Paul Merchant (Tavern Books, 2010)
 Monochords, tr. Paul Merchant (Tavern Books, 2017)

References

External links
 Poetry translated into English
 Moonlight Sonata (in Greek and English)
 <mask> on poetryfoundation biography and poems translated into English

1909 births
1990 deaths
People from Laconia
Greek communists
Modern Greek poets
Generation of the '30s
Communist writers
Communist poets
Prisoners and detainees of Greece
20th-century Greek poets
National Liberation Front (Greece) members
Struga Poetry Evenings Golden Wreath laureates
Lenin Peace Prize recipients
20th-century Greek male writers
Greek male poets
Male

masks:
Ritsos
. Ritsos
Ritsos
Ritsos


title: David Sulkin

texts:
<mask> OBE (born 1 January 1949 in West Sussex) is an English theatre and opera director and currently Director of Artist Development at the National Opera Studio. In 2017 <mask> received a Finzi Scholarship to work in Brno, Czech Republic to complete work on a play about Leoš Janáček and the composer’s relationship with his wife and other women: 'My Life with Janáček'[working title]. This is now being developed into a film script. Biography

<mask> is the younger son of Emmanuel and <mask>. He was born and grew up in Worthing, West Sussex and decided to be an actor at the age of 8 when he saw his first professional play at the Connaught Theatre. His grandparents on his father's side were Jewish immigrants from Poland arriving in London in 1904. <mask> studied drama at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama and at Rose Bruford College (RBC), and graduated in 1973.Since then he has worked as an actor, theatre and opera director and producer. He has taught at RADA, RBC and the Royal College of Music. He has held executive roles in three music charities – National Foundation for Youth Music, Help Musicians UK and the National Opera Studio. He was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in HM The Queen's 2014 New Year Honours for his work in the arts, education and charity. Early career

1975 – 1984: Actor, director, workshop leader and community activist
After working on contract at the Donovan Maule Theatre in Nairobi, Kenya, and for the Bolshoi Ballet  in London, <mask> became one of the co-founders of the Hoxton Theatre Trust [1975] where he was a resident actor, director, workshop leader and community activist. In 1980, he became director of the Young People's Theatre and the Young Writers' Festival at the Royal Court Theatre working with Max Stafford-Clark. While at the Royal Court, <mask> received an Anglo-Soviet Study Scholarship to investigate the impact of the long-established national network of Theatres

masks:
David Charles Chester Sulkin
Sulkin
Sulkin
Dorothy Sulkin
Sulkin
Sulkin
Sulkin


title: David Sulkin

texts:
 of the Young Spectator across Russia [1983].He helped start the International Festival of Young Playwrights in Australia [1985] and was the co-founder of the Baylis Programme at English National Opera working with Rebecca Meitlis and the international opera director, <mask> [1985]. 1986 – 1997: Opera Director
In 1987, the Baylis Programme commissioned him to write and direct Gretel and Hansel, an opera with music by Alec Roth for young people to perform, based on the opera Hansel and Gretel by Englebert Humperdinck and the fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm. While at ENO <mask> began working extensively in the Czech Republic and became associate director of Janáčkovy Hukvaldy – the Janáček Festival where he directed Janáček's Liška Bystrouška (The Cunning Little Vixen), Benjamin Britten's Archa Noemova (Noye's Fludde) in collaboration with the Britten Pears Foundation, Zakladní škola, Hukvaldy and the Department of Alternative Theatre and Puppetry at DAMU, Prague. He later produced Hans Krasa's opera Brundibar. He worked at the National Theatre of Prague directing Ilja Hurník's opera Dama i Lupiči [completed 1966] based on the Ealing comedy of 1955, The Ladykillers. He also directed Pozvání pana sloana (Entertaining Mr Sloane) at the Činoherni Studio, Ustí nad Labem. In 2006 <mask> directed Dame Ethel Smyth's opera The Wreckers at the Hall for Cornwall  to mark the centenary of Smyth's completion of the work.The 2006 production was the first in Cornwall where the opera is set. Later career
In 1999, <mask> became the Director of Policy and Programmes at the National Foundation for Youth Music, supporting young people who would not normally have access to music training. Genres included, among many, rock, jazz, hip-hop, folk, and classical music. In 2008 <mask> was invited to become Executive Director of Help Musicians UK, which provides a wide range of services for musicians, helps talented young artists get a foot on the ladder of

masks:
David Pountney
Sulkin
Sulkin
Sulkin
Sulkin


title: David Sulkin

texts:
 success. A major achievement of his time at Help Musicians UK was the change of the charity's name from the Musicians Benevolent Fund to Help Musicians UK in 2014. Help Musicians is 100 years old in January 2021. He continues to maintain his acting, directing and writing work.Personal interests

<mask> speaks some Czech and is studying Russian again after a long break. His personal interests include cookery and especially bread-making; motorcycling, early gramophones and acoustic recordings. Voluntary roles. <mask> has held numerous voluntary roles, which have included being a governor and chair of the Cripplegate Foundation, a trustee of the De La Warr Pavilion, Bexhill-on-Sea, a trustee of the Association of Charitable Organisations, a trustee of Nuance Music, trustee and chair of the Hastings and East Sussex Creative Partnership and a trustee of Theatre Centre. He was chair of the New London Children's Choir and, for seventeen years, Chair of Governors of Clerkenwell Parochial C of E Primary School in London. In November 2020, <mask> was invited to advise the National Theatre (Prague) (Národní Divadlo) in Prague, Czech Republic, to create a new department for learning and participation for the opera ensemble. Publications

<mask> edited two collections of plays (1983 and 1984) by young writers as part of the Royal Court Young People's Theatre.Entitled Young Writers and Primary Sauce, they were plays mainly by primary school children. As the result of an Anglo Soviet Scholarship, he wrote a report called Young People's Theatre in the Soviet Union. An abstract was published in Drama – The Quarterly Theatre Review (1988. Vol. 1) under the title Russian Youth Theatre. Times Educational Supplement also published <mask>'s article entitled Art of the State (23 October 1987). Amongst his publications are New Old – Thirty Thousand Years of Experience (1999) with Katrina Duncan.This was a research project and report which makes

masks: Sulkin Sulkin Sulkin Sulkin Sulkin


title: David Sulkin

texts:
 recommendations about how artists might develop their careers after the age of 50 and what people who have had other working lives, but have creative urges, do to become fulfilled artists after 50. This report was published by SEA and funded by the De Hahn family [Saga]. In 2000, <mask> contributed to Reflections on the Rose Bruford College (2000) by Robert Ely,  and using his pseudonym, Dave Chester, he wrote a short story, Immigrant, published in a collection of stories called Rough Stuff (Alyson Books, 2000).  . The editors were Simon Sheppard and M. Christian. In 2005, <mask> acted as editor for the Singbook - Twelve Songs Worth Singing for Youth Music, published by Faber Music and supported by NASUWT and Arts Council England. . In 2012, <mask> edited a facsimile edition of the 1927 book The New River Head by G F Stringer, to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the Amwell Society. An article in the Journal of the Islington Archaeology & History Society Summer 2012 Vol 2, No 2 describe the preservation of the New River Head site.<mask> contributed a section entitled Salomon Gruschka and candles to Traces of Jewish Presence in Prague 2 by Martin Šmok and a team of authors published by the City of Prague 2 in 2015. <mask> features in Nicholas Holden's academic thesis for the University of Lincoln (2018) Building the Engine Room: A Study of the Royal Court Young Peoples’ Theatre and its Development into the Young Writers’ Programme. <mask> has been produced a film for the National Opera Studio which was released on 17 November 2020. The director is Alisdair Kitchen. 12:42  traces the course of commissioning new opera works during the time of total quarantine caused by the  Coronavirus. 12:42 is available for viewing at www.operavision.eu

References

External links

21st-century British male actors
20th-century British male actors
British opera directors
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
1949 births
Living people
British

masks: Sulkin Sulkin Sulkin Sulkin Sulkin Sulkin


title: Franz Altheim

texts:
<mask> (6 October 1898 – 17 October 1976) was a German classical philologist and historian who specialized in the history of classical antiquity. During the 1930s and 1940s, <mask> served the Nazi state as a member of Ahnenerbe, a think tank controlled by the Schutzstaffel (SS), the paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party, and as a spy for the SS. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Frankfurt, Germany on 6 October 1898. His father was the painter <mask>. <mask>'s mother left his father due to his heavy drinking and unconventional lifestyle. Depressed as a result, <mask> died by suicide on Christmas 1914. <mask> studied classical philology and history at the University of Frankfurt beginning in 1916.During World War I in 1917, he joined the German Army, first attending a school for translators and then serving as a translator in Turkey. After the war, he tried and failed to become a sculptor before returning to school, supporting himself by working in a bank. <mask> majored in classical philology, archaeology, and linguistics. While in school, he traveled to Italy several times with the aid of government grants to study classical civilization. He earned his PhD at the University of Frankfurt in December 1921. His dissertation, Die Komposition der Politik des Aristoteles, was supervised by Hans von Arnim. <mask> received a scholarship from the Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft in 1925, and gained his habilitation in 1928 with the thesis Griechische Götter im alten Rom, which was supervised by Walter F. Otto.During this time, <mask> became

masks:
Franz Altheim
Altheim
Franz Altheim
Wilhelm Altheim
Altheim
Wilhelm Altheim
Altheim
Altheim
Altheim
Altheim


title: Franz Altheim

texts:
 acquainted with Károly Kerényi and Leo Frobenius. <mask> was introduced to the deposed German emperor Wilhelm II, possibly by Frobenius. Wilhelm was then living at Doorn, Netherlands, where <mask> became a frequent visitor. <mask> was also a member of the George-Kreis. Career
<mask> worked as a private lecturer at the University of Frankfurt from 1928 to 1935. He supplemented his income as a private art dealer. He initially appeared indifferent to the Nazis, who came to power in 1933.As the Nazis restricted academic freedom, <mask> was increasingly criticized by party officials and students and professors supportive of the party for failure to integrate Nazi ideology into his teaching. In 1935, a colleague wrote a letter to the Nazi Ministry of Education attacking <mask> for not incorporating Nazi doctrine into his work. This letter nearly prevented his appointment in 1936 as Associate Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Frankfurt. In the winter of 1936 he briefly served as Acting Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Halle. In 1937, <mask> was Associate Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Halle. A member of the Sturmabteilung, <mask> conducted research projects with Ahnenerbe financing in the 1930s. With his partner Erika Trautmann, <mask> went on research expeditions to Italy, Sweden, Romania and the Middle East, during which he prepared reports for the Sicherheitsdienst .In 1943, <mask> was appointed Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Halle. His research centered on the history

masks: Altheim Altheim Altheim Altheim Altheim Altheim Altheim Altheim Altheim Altheim


title: Franz Altheim

texts:
 classical antiquity, and many of his monographs on this subject were translated into other languages. <mask> was dismissed from the University of Halle after World War II, but was soon reinstated. In 1948 he was appointed Professor of Ancient History at the University of Halle. In 1950, <mask> was appointed Chair of Ancient History at the newly created Free University of Berlin. After retiring in 1964, <mask> moved to Münster, where he died on 17 October 1976. He was survived by <mask>-Stiehl, his student and adoptive daughter.Selected works
 Griechische Götter im alten Rom, 1930
 Terra Mater, 1931
 Römische Religionsgeschichte, 1931-1933
 Epochen der römischen Geschichte, 1934-1935
 Lex sacrata, 1939
 Die Soldatenkaiser, 1939
 (with Erika Trautmann): Vom Ursprung der Runen, 1939
 (with Erika Trautmann): Italien und die dorische Wanderung, 1940
 Italien und Rom, 1941
 Rom und der Hellenismus, 1942
 Helios und Heliodor von Emesa, 1942
 (with Erika Trautmann-Nehring): Kimbern und Runen. Untersuchungen zur Ursprungsfrage der Runen, 1942
 Die Krise der alten Welt im 3. Jahrhundert n. Zw. In: Peter Kuhlmann, Helmuth Schneider (Hrsg. ): Geschichte der Altertumswissenschaften. Biographisches Lexikon (= Der Neue Pauly. Supplemente.Vol. 6). Metzler, Stuttgart/Weimar 2012, , Sp. 24 f.

1898 births
1976 deaths
20th-century German historians
Free University of Berlin faculty
German classical philologists
German male non-fiction writers
Goethe University Frankfurt alumni
Goethe University Frankfurt faculty
Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg

masks:
Altheim
Altheim
Altheim
Ruth Altheim


title: Gillian Jerome

texts:
<mask> is a Canadian poet, essayist, editor and instructor. She won the City of Vancouver Book Award in 2009 and the ReLit Award for Poetry in 2010. <mask> is a co-founder of Canadian Women In Literary Arts (CWILA), and also serves as the poetry editor for Geist. She is a lecturer in literature at the University of British Columbia and also runs writing workshops at the Post 750 in downtown Vancouver. Her work has been published by Geist, Canadian Literature, The Malahat Review, The Fiddlehead, Grain and the Colorado Review. Personal life and education
<mask> was born in Ottawa, Ontario, and lives in Vancouver, British Columbia. She received a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Victoria and a Masters of Fine Arts in writing at the University of Arizona where she studied American Literature.She has two children from her marriage to fellow writer Brad Cran. The two were divorced in 2014. Career
<mask> has taught poetry and literature at the University of British Columbia, the University of Arizona and Douglas College. She co-edited an oral history project in the Downtown Eastside, in association with Pivot Legal Society who started the community-based photography project Hope In Shadows. She has published poems, essays, book reviews and two books of her own, <mask> has participated for many years in judging the Poetry in Voice contest and the Vancouver Writers Festival. She teaches life writing workshops at the Post at 750 for people who don't consider themselves professional writers but have something meaningful to say. She has also participated in the UBC's Robson Reading Series, as well as an event that was part of the literary series Open Word: Readings and Ideas at the University of Victoria, where she read from her past works and poems she was working on at the time.<mask>'s work touches on many subjects including sexuality, friendship, community, ecological exigencies, and the local, particularly the people and places of her East and South Vancouver neighbourhoods. Canadian women in literary arts

<mask> founded CWILA in 2012 as a response to what she saw as unequal representations of gender and race in literary communities in

masks:
Gillian Jerome
Jerome
Jerome
Jerome
Jerome
Jerome
Gillian Jerome


title: Gillian Jerome

texts:
 Canada. CWILA produces an annual count of participating publications and their number of books or reviews written by women, as well as how many women authors they have reviewed. CWILA strives to quantify the barriers that exist for women in literary culture, Their findings aim at enabling discussion and inspiration for action in the literary community in Canada. The non-profit organization works to instill motivation in the literary and review community to create equal coverage and representation. <mask> left her position at Canadian Women in Literary Arts in 2015 to focus on teaching and writing. Geist magazine
Geist is a Canadian magazine that brings together fiction and non-fiction, poetry, essays, comics, reviews and photography.The magazine is explained as a mix of ideas and culture. <mask> taught writing workshops at Geist and is a participating editor and writer for the magazine. <mask> has published 14 pieces with Geist. including poetry, essays and book reviews. The themes that come up in her writing include feminism, motherhood, environmentalism, women's rights, housing politics, social justice and community. Hope in Shadows
In 2003 Pivot Legal Society started Hope in the Shadows, a photo contest in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. Pivot Legal Society asked participants to photograph things that were important to them, with the intent that this would give the participants a voice and recognition for their efforts.The initial contest led to the creation of a yearly calendar project where each year's winners are asked to share their story along with their image. This calendar is released in October of every year, and contains the winning photos of the participants chosen by local artists in the city. The calendars are sold through Megaphones vendor program which hires 200 people from low-income backgrounds each season, each vendor keeps half of their sales. There have been 75,000 calendars sold since 2003. In 2008 the book Hope in Shadows by <mask> and Brad Cran was released through Arsenal Pulp Press and the Pivot Legal Society that compiled 35 different stories attached to winning images from the photo contest. Their book took the

masks: Jerome Jerome Jerome Jerome


title: Gillian Jerome

texts:
 stories associated with the winning photographs and expanded them with interviews of the photographers from the photo contest. They wrote about the traumas, abuse and mental illness but also friendship, laughter and love, which were reoccurring themes in the stories of the images.The stories capture the lives of First Nations people who survived residential schools, individuals coping with addictions, and others overcoming loss of loved ones. Hope in Shadows was published in 2009 and soon after this date the calendar sold 5000 more copies. Hope in Shadows won the City of Vancouver Book Award, was shortlisted for the Roderick Haig-Brown Regional Prize, and was longlisted for the George Ryga Award for Social Awareness in Literature. University of British Columbia
<mask> has been teaching narrative, research writing and literature in the Department of English Language and Literatures at the University of British Columbia since 2004. EVENT magazine
<mask> was an editor and author for the EVENT magazine, a literary magazine that has been publishing poetry, fiction and non-fiction for 46 years in Western Canada. Event is published by Douglas College, a public post-secondary institution in New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada. <mask> started working as Event's Poetry editor in 2010.Awards

City of Vancouver Book Award, 2008. ReLit Award, 2009 for her poetry collection Red Nest

Works
 Midsummer (2008)
 Hope in the Shadows (2008) Arsenal Pulp Press
 Red Nest (2009) Harbour Publishing

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
20th-century Canadian novelists
20th-century Canadian poets
20th-century Canadian short story writers
20th-century Canadian women writers
21st-century Canadian novelists
21st-century Canadian poets
21st-century Canadian women writers
Canadian agnostics
Canadian feminist writers
Canadian literary critics
Women literary critics
Canadian women academics
Canadian women novelists
Canadian women poets
Postmodern writers
University of British Columbia faculty
Writers from Ottawa
Writers from Vancouver
University of Victoria alumni
University of Arizona alumni
Canadian women non-fiction

masks: Jerome Jerome Jerome


title: Girish Puthenchery

texts:
<mask> (1961–2010) was a noted malayalam Lyricist, Poet, Scriptwriter and Screenwriter. He was always referred to as the aristocratic lyricist of malayalam who had a distinctive writing style of his own. He also served as the director of Indian Performance Rights Society Malayalam division (I.P.R.S) and governing council member of the Kerala Kalamandalam and Kerala  Lalithakala Academy. He debuted with the movie Enquiry in 1989. He won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Lyricist seven times. He also holds the record for writing the highest number of songs in the malayalam film industry within the briefest period of time. He died on 10 february 2010 in a private hospital in kozhikode.Life and career

Personal life
<mask> was born to Pulikkool Krishna Panicker and Meenakshi Amma in Puthenchery near Ulliyeri village in Kozhikode district of Kerala. His father was an astrologer and Ayurvedic practitioner, while his mother was a Carnatic musician.Girish learned the basic lessons of music from his mother and knowledge of Sanskrit from his father. he completed his primary education at GLP School Puthenchery, AUP School Modakkallur, and Palora HSS Ulliyeri after that he pursued a degree in literature at Govt arts and science college, Meenchantha. From a very young age, Girish was drawn towards the language and literature of malayalam, at the age of 14 his first poem named Mochanam (ml:മോചനം) is published in a weekly magazine .During his childhood days  he is an active member of Balasangam (an Indian children's organization wing of the CPIM ) and later he became a noted artist of Chenthara Arts Club (a cultural club located in Puthenchery) by writing and directing many dramas and songs along with his brother Mohanan puthenchery and natives. He is married to Beena and they have two children, Jitin Puthenchery and Din nath Puthenchery. His elder son Jithin started off as an assistant director, working on films Breaking News, Money Rathnam, Rock On 2 and Tharangam. Jithin managed to land his first major acting gig

masks:
Girish Puthenchery
Girish


title: Girish Puthenchery

texts:
 after writer director Shankar Ramakrishnan organised an acting camp to select actors for Pathinettam Padi.Jithin also played major roles in the films include Edakkad Bttalion , Pranaya Meenukalude Kadal. His younger son Din Nath started his career as a lyricist and copywriter who has penned many songs for Malayalam films including Meow Meow Karimpoocha, Matinee , Aasha Black, Money Ratnam , Gunday,Chennai Koottam, Seconds, Moonu Wickettinu 365 Runs, Olappeeppi, Mangalyam Thanthunanena, and is currently working as an assistant director in Malayalam film industry, most recently on the movie Trance. Prior to joining the malayalam film industry, He worked as a collection agent in Kozhikode RTO office and copywriter at All India Radio, Kozhikode. At the same time, he continued to write songs and Lalitha Ganams for popular cassette Recording Companies include Akashvani, HMV, Magnasounds and Tharangini and he also penned many hit songs for Dooradarshan and Asianet. Film Career
In 1989 malayalam movie Director Vijayan Karote introduced Girish to the malayalam film industry. Girish penned lyrics and screenplay for Vijayan karot's movie named Bhramarakashassu,but due to some reasons the initial release of the film was delayed, at the same year Girish got an opportunity to write songs for another movie named Enquiry which was directed by U.V Raveendranath and with Rajamani as the music composer through this film <mask>'s first song "Janmantharangalil" released and it was his debut movie, But the songs didn't gain much popularity. After that director Ranjith scripted for the movie George kutty c\o George kutty  turned Girish to the lyrics writing.Ranjith's recommendation brought him the chance to write songs for director Jayaraj's movie Johny walker which was his breakthrough film, whose track Shanthamee Rathriyil  has become iconic and had brought him critical acclamation, which reflects his career in Malayalam film industry. He was also one of the most honoured lyricists having won the Kerala State Award for best


title: Girish Puthenchery

texts:
 lyricist seven times.Almost all the hit songs from 2000's to late 2010's were penned by him. he had defeated the life with his songs that piles up on his thoughts and vanishes within seconds. With kindness, he subdued the songs with his pen. malayalam cinema's playback stage had that attachment with his life. after Vayalar and P Bhaskaran who had left over the malayalam languages beautiful branch of music, there always he made his presence felt with his beautiful lyrics. He was considered as one in a million song writer, someone who knows singing, that's why music directors tune were recorded on guarantee of this phenomenon lyricist.Other Works
Besides writing lyrics, <mask> had also written the screenplay for the films Brahmarakshassu, Pallavur Devanarayanan, Vadakkumnadhan, and Kinnaripuzhayoram, and the story for Meleparambil Aanveedu, Adivaram, Ikkareyanente Manasam, Oro Viliyum Kathorthu and Kerala House Udan Vilpanakku. <mask> has also published  two poetry collection which contains morethan 100 poems. He also composed music for a devotional album. He was also scripting a film by the name of Raman Police, in which Mohanlal was expected to play the lead role. He was admitted to MIMS hospital near his home on 6 February 2010 after he suffered a massive stroke. He was writing a eulogy on the popular actor and director Cochin Haneefa, who had died four days earlier, when he suffered a stroke. He slipped into a coma soon after reaching hospital.He was twice operated upon, but his condition did not improve and he suffered a brain hemorrhage. Finally he died at the hospital at 8:30 PM on 10 February 2010, aged 48. He was cremated with full state honors at the Mavoor Road crematorium on the next day. Awards

References

External links

Malayalam-language writers
Malayalam-language lyricists
Writers from Kozhikode
Kerala State Film Award winners
1961 births
2010 deaths
Filmfare Awards South winners
Screenwriters from Kerala
20th-century Indian poets
Poets from Kerala
21st-century Indian poets
Malayalam

masks: Girish Girish


title: Kamil Chadirji

texts:
<mask> (1897–1968, ), also spelled <mask>-<mask> or Kamel al-Chaderji, was an Iraqi politician, photographer, lawyer, activist, and founder of the National Democratic Party in Iraq. He served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Iraq in the 1920s and 1950s. He was the father of notable modernist architect, <mask> and political leader, Naseer al-Chaderchi. He is noted for founding the National Democratic Party with a left-wing program and was an influential political figure in political life who opposed the monarchy and pursued a social reform agenda. Early life
<mask> was born in Baghdad to its mayor. His family was a part of the aristocracy, with roots in Anatolia. Chaderji's father played an important role in democratic reform before British rule.During the First World War, he served in the Ottoman Army. When the British took over Iraq as Mandatory Iraq, <mask>'s family escaped to Istanbul, with <mask> himself enrolling in the medical school there. He never graduated, and instead returned to Baghdad in 1922, following the establishment of the Kingdom of Iraq. He earned a law degree in 1925 and worked for the Municipality of Baghdad as well as for the Department of Finance, working in education. Political career

Kingdom of Iraq
In 1925, <mask>'s reformist ideas drew him to the newly-formed People's Party (Hizb al-Shab), which he joined. He joined the Ahali group, and was elected to parliament in 1927, becoming the minister of works from 1936 to 1937 under Bakr Sidqi and Hikmat Sulayman's government, resigning in protest against army interference in the government. In 1930, <mask>, as a member of the National Party (also known as the Ahali group), worked together with Rashid Ali, Hikmat Sulayman and Yasin al-Hashimi, the leaders of the newly-created National Fraternity Party (Hizb al-Ikha al-Watani).The National Party and the National Fraternity Party issued the Coalition "Fraternal" Communique on November 23, 1930. The party was not much of an

masks:
Kamil Chadirji
Kamil al
Chadirji
Rifat Chadirji
Chadirji
Chadirji
Chadirji
Chadirji
Chadirji


title: Kamil Chadirji

texts: organized and legitimate political party, instead serving as an opposition from powerful Iraqi political figures to the British. Its ideals were "Immediate independence for Iraq, the evacuation of British troops, and the development of a democratic and participatory Iraqi state," and they pushed their message through their Baghdad newspaper, al-Bilad (The Country). In 1946, <mask>, along with other left-wing "intelligentsia" types of the landed urban bourgeoisie (the dominant tendency in these isolated urban middle and upper-class communities) organized themselves into the National Democratic Party. Previously, <mask> and his group, made of Ahali reformists, had joined the Comintern in 1935 at the Seventh Comintern Congress in Moscow. <mask> was moderately anti-Zionist and advocated for strengthening the Arab League. In 1937, while serving as Economic Minister under the government of Hikmat Sulayman, Chadirji held talks with Zionist emissaries.He expressed his sympathies to the Zionist movement and his desire to reach a cooperative agreement for them. However, with the Palestinian question becoming important in Iraq towards the mid-1940s, the NDP increased its Palestine-related activity. In 1946, the Ahali Group's newspaper Sawt al-Ahali published editorials against the partition of Palestine and the creation of Israel. The NDP and other parties (including Jews), especially the Iraqi Independence Party, created the Committee for the Defense of Palestine, which organized protests in front of the American and British embassies, as well as calling for a general strike in May 1946 against Western pressure on Palestine. When the Arab-Israeli War started in 1948, <mask> wrote and published a front-page editorial for Sawt al-Ahali titled Palestine, which called for Arab countries to come together to defend Palestine. The NDP suspended their activities voluntarily in 1948, but resumed in 1950. Due to <mask>'s will to redistribute income and achieve a more

masks: Chadirji Chadirji Chadirji Chadirji Chadirji