title: Davey von Bohlen

texts:
<mask> (born August 11, 1975) is an American musician and songwriter, best known for his roles as guitarist and vocalist in Cap'n Jazz, The Promise Ring, Vermont, and most recently, Maritime. Musical career

Cap'n Jazz
Short-lived but highly influential, Cap'n Jazz helped transform emo from an underground punk subgenre into a more widely accepted subset of indie rock. The band quickly earned a cult following around Chicago and the Midwest, which would later spread to the rest of the US and the world after and around the time of the band's demise. Their unique sound, the fact that their recordings were relatively scarce, helped solidify their status as an underground legend. The band split in 1995 and their stature continued to grow. A double CD retrospective, entitled Analphabetapolothology,  was posthumously released in 1998. <mask> maintained the highest profile of any ex-Cap'n Jazzer, living in Milwaukee and founding the Promise Ring, which became one of the most popular emo bands of the '90s.Cap'n Jazz played an unannounced 5 song set in Chicago in November 2009, the first time all five members had been together since 1995, and later played 10 sold out summer shows across the US. The Promise Ring

The Promise Ring is an American emo band from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In their early years, their music was usually classified as emo, but their later albums could be described more accurately as indie pop. [1] The band was started in 1994 as a side project by <mask> <mask> during his time as a guitarist/vocalist for Cap'n Jazz. <mask> started the project alongside guitarist Jason Gnewikow of None Left Standing, drummer Dan Didier and bassist Scott Beschta, the latter two both being former members of Ceilishrine [2]. The Promise Ring released their first full-length album in 1996 and gained a following in the US, Europe and Japan with this and subsequent albums. In 1998 <mask> created Tornado Country Music Publishing and continues to serve as owner.The Promise Ring is often credited as playing a major role in the

masks:
Davey von Bohlen
Davey von Bohlen
Davey von
Bohlen
Von Bohlen
von Bohlen


title: Davey von Bohlen

type: original

texts:
 creation of the emo sound and the band was known for vibrant live shows. Nothing Feels Good is their second album and was the band's first real hit and gained it a following, being praised by everyone from SPIN magazine to MTV. The band achieved a popular single with "Why Did Ever We Meet?". The title of this album was used as a title for the book Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo by Andy Greenwald. Following their final release in 2002, The Promise Ring decided to move on to new projects, including <mask>'s and Didier's new band named Maritime. Over the years, <mask> and his TPR bandmates have endured many life-threatening events. During a 1999 Promise Ring tour, the band's van encountered black ice, resulting in a wreck that ejected all the band members on board and placed them in the hospital.<mask>en was ejected through the windshield but sustained what were thought to be minor injuries. Prior to the recording of The Promise Ring's final album wood/water in April 2001, <mask>en was diagnosed with a  fist-sized meningioma which had been causing severe, crippling headaches and illness for two years and believed to be related to head trauma sustained in the accident. The fist-sized brain tumor was successfully removed and deemed benign, but a staph infection, which caused <mask>en to pass out on stage and required two additional surgeries to remove an infected palm sized piece of his skull and to replace it a year later, prevented the band from touring for a substantial amount of time. Since then, <mask> appears to have a clean bill of health and has resumed recording and touring. On November 22, 2011, it was announced that The Promise Ring was reforming for a tour and possibly new material. Maritime
Maritime formed in 2003 out of the ashes of The Promise Ring and The Dismemberment Plan, initially composed of singer/guitarist <mask> <mask>, drummer Dan Didier (of The Promise Ring) and bassist Eric Axelson (of The Dismemberment Plan). Maritime has released three full-length albums, Glass Floor in

masks:
von Bohlen
von Bohlen
von Bohl
von Bohl
von Bohl
von Bohlen
Davey von
Bohlen


title: Davey von Bohlen

texts:
 2004, We, the Vehicles in 2006, and Heresy and the Hotel Choir in 2007.Axelson left the band in 2006 and was replaced by Justin Klug on bass and Dan Hinz was added on guitar. The band has toured each album across the US, Europe (Grand Hotel Van Cleef Records) and Japan. In late April, 2010, the band announced that they were leaving Flameshovel Records and had signed with Dangerbird Records. On April 5, 2011 the band released their newest record, Human Hearts. Maritime's next album, Magnetic Bodies/Maps of Bones was released on October 16, 2015. It is currently not known whether the band will have another album or not. <mask> also sang in his longtime friends' and former tour mates, Jimmy Eat World song, "A Praise Chorus."earning him a platinum record. The song references such classics as The Kinks' "A Rock 'n' Roll Fantasy", They Might Be Giants' "Don't Let's Start", The Promise Ring's "Why Did Ever We Meet" and Crimson and Clover by Tommy James and the Shondells. Discography

Ten Boy Summer
 Demo Tape (1993)
 A Food Not Bombs Benefit LP (1994, Inchworm)

Cap'n Jazz
Shmap'n Shmazz
Analphabetapolothology – 2xCD (Jade Tree Records, 1998). Promise Ring albums
See: :Category:The Promise Ring albums

30° Everywhere (1996)
Horse Latitudes (1997)
Nothing Feels Good (1997)
Very Emergency (1999)
wood/water (2002)

Promise Ring EPs

Falsetto Keeps Time (1996)
Boys + Girls (1998)
Electric Pink (2000)

Vermont albums
Living Together (1999)
Mark Mallman and Vermont (2001)
Calling Albany (2002)

Maritime albums
Adios EP (2003)
Glass Floor (2004)
We, the Vehicles (2006)
Heresy and the Hotel Choir (2007)
Human Hearts (2011)
Magnetic Bodies, Maps of Bones (2015)

References

1975 births
Living people
Musicians from Milwaukee
American rock guitarists
American male guitarists
American rock songwriters
American rock singers
American indie rock musicians
Guitarists from Wisconsin
21st-century American singers
21st-century American guitarists
21st-century American male singers
American male singer-songwriters
Singer-songwriters from


title: Marcello Farabegoli

texts:
<mask> (born March 20, 1973 in Cesena) is an Italian curator living in Vienna. <mask> grew up in Bolzano-Bozen. After completing a master's degree in physics at the University of Vienna he participated in several environmental and cultural organizations in Berlin. He was also a research assistant at the Physics department at the University of Potsdam. There he investigated the correlation between physics and aesthetics. Between 2005 - 2010, he ran a gallery for contemporary Japanese art in Berlin. Since 2010, <mask> was based in Vienna and worked in the Old Master Painting department at the Dorotheum auction house.Since 2013, Farabegoli worked mainly as a freelance curator and producer of art projects. In April 2017, Ambassador Giorgio Marrapodi on behalf of the President of the Italian Republic, Sergio Mattarella, has awarded <mask> Farabegoli the Italian distinction of  (Knight of the Order of the Star of Italy)

Sources:

Selected projects
 2019, 150 Years Japan - Austria: JAPAN UNLIMITED, frei_raum Q21 exhibition space MuseumsQuartier Wien with Makoto Aida, Chim↑Pom, Gianmaria Gava, Edgar Honetschläger, Sachiko Kazama, Jake Knight, BuBu de la Madeleine & Yoshiko Shimada, Midori Mitamura, Yoshinori Niwa, Ryts Monet, Tomoko Sawada, Sputniko!, Ryudai Takano, Shinpei Takeda, Momoyo Torimitsu, Hana Usui, Tomoko Yoneda and Naoko Yoshimoto. Inaugurated by Elisabeth Hajek, Artistic Director frei_raum Q21 exhibition space / MQ, Marcus Bergmann, Ambassador and Deputy Head of Section V for External Cultural Relations of the Austrian Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs (BMEIA), Diethard Leopold, President of the Austrian-Japanese Society, and <mask> <mask>, curator of the exhibition. Side events with Judith Brandner (ORF), Lucas

masks:
Marcello Farabegoli
Marcello Farabegoli
Farabegoli
Marcello
Marcello
Farabegoli


title: Marcello Farabegoli

texts: Gehrmann (Kunsthalle Wien), Felicitas Thun-Hohenstein (Academy of Fine Arts Vienna  & Austrian pavilion Venice Biennale), Niklass Maak (FAZ), Diethard Leopold (ÖJG), Bernhard Scheid (Austrian Academy of Sciences), Gerorg Schneider (Japannual), Monika Sommer (Haus der Geschichte Österreich), Markus Wurzer (University of Graz) and others. 2019, FOTO WIEN: Eat Me by Ben G. Fodor at Studio Kucsko. Opening & premiere with Ben G. Fodor (photography), Dorothee Frank (text), Christoph Dostal (recitation), and Matthias Loibner (music). Curated by Marcello Farabegoli.2018, special project of the Vienna Art Week at Verein 08:Thursday Demonstration. Portrait of a Movement by Luca Faccio. Opening and round table with Frederick Baker (filmmaker), Luca Faccio (artist), Lucas Gehrmann (curator at Kunsthalle Wien), Helga Köcher (social sculptor) and moderator Dorothee Frank (Ö1 journalist). Curated by <mask> Farabegoli. 2017, special project of the Vienna Art Week at ARCC.art open space: exhibition Carmine by Ben G. Fodor and round table about Art & Science with Georg Gottlob, professor of informatics at Oxford University & TU-Vienna, Gerfried Stocker, artistic director of Ars Electronica, Ben G. Fodor, artist, and <mask> <mask>, curator of the exhibition / moderated by Dorothee Frank, journalist at Ö1. 2017, section project statements of the Parallel Vienna: Parallel & concordant with Ben G. Fodor & Dorothee Frank, Clemens Fürtler & Michaela Seiser, Inge GRAF & Walter ZYX, Karin Pliem & Lucas Gehrmann, Eva Schlegel & Carl Pruscha, Rudi Stanzel & Andrea Schurian, Viktoria Tremmel & Kurt Kladler, Hana Usui & <mask> <mask>. Curated and produced by <mask> <mask> and Lucas Gehrmann.2017, Czech-Italian art symposium & exhibition at Galerie Miroslava Kubika in Litomysl

masks: Marcello Marcello Farabegoli Marcello Farabegoli Marcello Farabegoli


title: Marcello Farabegoli

texts: (CZ) with Alessandra Draghi, Chiara Giorgetti, Radim Langer, Virginia Dal Magro, Cristiano Rizzo, Vladimir Skrepl, and Viktorie Valocka. Curated by Richard Adam and <mask> Farabegoli. 2017, Italian embassy - Palais Metternich Vienna: exhibition Domenica with Pablo Chiereghin, Aldo Giannotti and Massimo Vitali inaugurated by Giorgio Marrapodi, Italian ambassador, Stella Rollig, general director of Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Ivica Vastić, Austrian football legend, and <mask> <mask>, curator and producer of the exhibition. 2016,  special project of the Vienna Art Week at Studio Kucsko: exhibition The Beauty of Intellectual Property by Guido Kucsko curated by <mask> <mask>. 2016,  section project statements of Parallel Vienna: exhibition Border Crossing with Pablo Chiereghin, Guido Kucsko, Esther Stocker and Hana Usui curated by <mask> Farabegoli. 2016, Italian embassy - Palais Metternich Vienna: exhibition Geometries by Esther Stocker inaugurated by Giorgio Marrapodi, Italian ambassador, Meinhard Rauchensteiner, adviser for science, art and culture of the President of Austria, Christoph Thun-Hohenstein, general director of MAK–Austrian Museum of Applied Arts/Contemporary Art, and <mask> <mask>, curator and producer of the exhibition. 2016, GPLcontemporary Vienna: exhibition 'Im Keller' im Keller by Ulrich Seidl; Intervention/action 'Scandalous pictures' by Pablo Chiereghin, artist, Andrea Hubin, research assistant at Kunsthalle Wien, and Karin Schneider, art historian and art educator.Curated by <mask> Farabegoli. 2015, special project of the Vienna Art Week at KunstHausWien / Museum Hundertwasser: exhibition Perpetuum Mobile with Flavia Bigi, Pablo Chiereghin, Fanni Futterknecht, Gianmaria Gava in collaboration with Anke Armandi & Agnes

masks: Marcello Marcello Farabegoli Marcello Farabegoli Marcello Marcello Farabegoli Marcello


title: Marcello Farabegoli

texts: Peschta, Aiko Kazuko Kurosaki, Sissa Micheli, Linus Riepler, and Hana Usui curated by <mask> Farabegoli. 2015, Bildraum 01, Salon M & Viennafair in Vienna: exhibition-cycle Black Rain by Hana Usui; round table about Hiroshima and the atomic bomb with Georg Pöstinger, Minister for disarmament and non-proliferation – The Austrian Foreign Ministry, Nadja Schmidt, executive director ICAN Austria – International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, Wolfgang Liebert, head of the Institute of Safety/Security and Risk Sciences at BOKU (University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna), <mask> <mask>, curator of the exhibition-cycle / moderated by Judith Brandner, publicist and journalist at Ö1. 2015, Italian embassy - Palais Metternich Vienna: exhibition Dance of Diplomacy - Transpositions by Sissa Micheli inaugurated by Giorgio Marrapodi, Italian ambassador, Manfred Matzka, secretary general of the Federal Chancellor Office representing Josef Ostermayer, Austrian Minister for Culture, Peter Bogner, director of the Friedrich Kiesler Foundation, and <mask> <mask>, curator and producer of the exhibition. 2014, special Project of the Vienna Art Week at Verein 08: exhibition No more Fukushimas with casaluce/geiger & Hana Usui, Julius Deutschbauer & Gabriel Schöller, Luca Faccio, Olga Georgieva, Shinshu Hida, Edgar Honetschläger & Sylvia Eckermann, Sissa Micheli, Takashi Ohno, Atsuko Otsuka, Federico Vecchi, and Erwin Wurm; Round table about nuclear energy with Judith Brandner, publicist and journalist at Ö1, Lucas Gehrmann, curator at Kunsthalle Wien, Wolfgang Liebert, head of the Institute of Safety/Security and Risk Sciences at BOKU (University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna), Patricia Lorenz, anti-nuclear campaigner GLOBAL 2000 –

masks: Marcello Marcello Farabegoli Marcello Farabegoli


title: Marcello Farabegoli

texts:
 Friends of the Earth Austria, and Marcus Rennhofer, photovoltaic expert at AIT (Austrian Institute of Technology) / moderated by Tristan Jorde, actor. Curated and produced by Marcello Farabegoli. 2013, special project of the Vienna Art Week at Kunsthalle Wien Museumsquartier: Show by Berlin's legendary Club der polnischen Versager (Club of Polish Failures) produced by Marcello Farabegoli.2012, special project of the Vienna Art Week at Kunsthalle Wien Karlsplatz: presentation of catalogue Hana Usui – Drawings on paper 2006-2012 by Eugenio d'Auria, Italian ambassador, and Monika Knofler, director of the Graphic Collection of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. Editor and producer of the event: <mask> Farabegoli. 2008, Galerie oko – Japanese Contemporary Art in Berlin: exhibition Murder of Oiran in Blood by Ushio Shinohara inaugurated by Antje Papist-Matsuo, research assistant at Kunsthistorisches Institut der Freien Universität Berlin, Hainz Stahlhut, director of the Fine Art Collection at the Berlinische Galerie - Berlin's State Museum of Modern Art, Photography & Architecture, and <mask> <mask>, director of Galerie oko. 2007, Galerie oko – Japanese Contemporary Art & Club der polnischen Versager (Club of Polish Failures) in Berlin: reading by Yoko Tawada produced by <mask> Farabegoli. 2006, Neue Nationalgalerie (New National Gallery) in Berlin: performance Don Giovanni by <mask> Farabegoli with the Club der polnischen Versager (Club of Polish Failures) for the Salon Noir during the exhibition Melancholie. Genie und Wahnsinn in der Kunst. References

External links
 Homepage of <mask> Farabegoli
 Homepage of the organisation viennAvant

Living people
Italian expatriates in Austria
People from Bolzano
Italian art curators
1973 births
University of

masks: Marcello Marcello Farabegoli Marcello Marcello Marcello


title: William Evans-Gordon

texts:
Major Sir <mask> (8 August 1857 – 31 October 1913) was a British MP who previously served as a military diplomat in India. As a political officer on secondment from the British Indian Army from 1876 to 1897 during the British Raj, he was attached to the Foreign Department of the Indian Government. His career in India was a mixture of military administrative business on the volatile North-West Frontier, and diplomacy and foreign politics advising Maharajas or accompanying the Viceroy in the Princely States. After leaving the Army, Evans Gordon returned to Britain and in 1900 was elected as Conservative Party MP for Stepney on an anti-alien platform. As a result of the pogroms in Eastern Europe, Jews were arriving in increasing numbers in Britain either to stay, or en route for America. Evans Gordon, as a 'restrictionist', was heavily and actively involved in the passing of the Aliens Act 1905, which sought to limit the number of people allowed to enter Britain, even temporarily. He held Stepney from 1900 to 1907.Early life
<mask> Evans Gordon was born in Chatham, Kent, the youngest son of Major-General Charles Spalding Evans Gordon (19 September 1813–18 January 1901) and his first wife, Catherine Rose (23 July 1815 – 1858), daughter of Rev. Dr. Alexander Rose, D.D., a Presbyterian minister of Inverness. <mask> was the youngest of seven children. See also Family tree below. His mother died in 1858, soon after he was born. He was educated at Cheltenham College (entering in October 1870 at the same time as his older brother Charles [Jr.]), and at the Royal Military College, where he was an unattached Sub-Lieutenant on 15 July

masks:
William Eden Evans Gordon
William Eden
William


title: William Evans-Gordon

texts:
 1898. In 1898, a year after <mask>-Gordon left the Army, a by-election was held in Stepney after the sudden death of the standing Tory MP Frederick W. Isaacson. Evans-Gordon stood as the Conservative candidate, but lost to the Liberal journalist W. C. Steadman by 20 votes. MP for Stepney
Evans-Gordon was elected as MP for Stepney on an anti-alien platform in the 1900 general election and held the seat until 1907. Along with the somewhat older Howard Vincent, he was among the first MPs to arouse public opposition to immigration. Although the growing sense of anti-alien feeling found expression in certain localised quarters of the franchised electorate, the primary issues in the 1900 poll were a desire to end the Second Boer War (hence the nickname), and the vexed question of Home rule for Ireland. After his election Evans-Gordon became the brains and driving force behind the British Brothers' League (BBL) – an anti-alien pressure group formed in Stepney in May 1901 – although he took care to front the League with one <mask> Shaw, an unimportant City clerk who was its first president.Howard Vincent (MP for Sheffield Central since 1885) and several East End Conservative MPs – Murray Guthrie, Spencer Charrington and Thomas Dewar – became members of the League. Evans-Gordon became known as one of the most vocal critics of aliens at the time, commenting that 'a storm is brewing which, if it is allowed to burst, will have deplorable results'. Once elected he continued his theme of anti-immigrant rhetoric, claiming in 1902 that 'not a day passes but English families are ruthlessly turned out to make room for foreign invaders. The

masks:
William Evans
William Stanley


title: William Evans-Gordon

texts:
 Evans Gordon's anti-Semitism has been questioned as he was a supporter of Zionism and kept up regular correspondence with Chaim Weizmann who would later write of him:I think our people were rather hard on him. The Aliens Bill in England and the movement which grew around it were natural phenomenon which might have been foreseen...Sir <mask>-Gordon had no particular anti-Jewish prejudices...he was sincerely ready to encourage any settlement of Jews almost anywhere in the British Empire but he failed to see why the ghettoes of London or Leeds should be made into a branch of the ghettoes of Warsaw and Pinsk [...] Sir <mask>-Gordon gave me some insight into the psychology of the settled citizen. Evans-Gordon received a knighthood in 1905. Other parliamentary business
Pilotage Bill 1903
Evans-Gordon was one of the sponsors of the Pilotage Bill 1903, which dealt with Pilotage Certificates. Although the bill was read a second time in May 1906, it was withdrawn.Anglo-French Festival 1905
During the Anglo-French Festival 1904 to celebrate the Entente Cordiale, Evans-Gordon apparently proposed an unprecedented multiple joint gathering in Westminster Hall, London, in August. Retirement
On 1 May 1907 <mask> Gordon resigned from the Commons and retired from politics. See List of Stewards of the Chiltern Hundreds. He died suddenly on  at his home at 4 Chelsea Embankment, London. A notice of his memorial service appeared in The Times

He was the owner of a 24 hp Thornycroft Phaeton, delivered on 1 June 1906. Clubs: Carlton, Boodle's, Naval & Military, Orleans. Family life
In 1892 Captain <mask> Gordon married Julia Charlotte Sophia

masks:
William Evans
William Evans
William Evans
William Evans


title: William Evans-Gordon

texts:
 Stewart (b.21 June 1846) (Julia, Marchioness of Tweeddale), daughter of Lt.-Colonel <mask> Stewart Mackenzie (9 May 1818 – ? June 1881) and of Hannah Charlotte Hope Vere. Julia was previously twice married: firstly (as his second wife, on 8 October 1873) to the Right Hon. Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale, d. 1878; without issue. Secondly, in 1887 she married (as his second wife), the Right Hon. Sir John Rose, 1st Baronet, GCMG, of Queensgate, London, who died in 1888; without issue. Her third marriage to <mask> Gordon was also without issue.Julia was the sister of James Stewart-Mackenzie, 1st Baron Seaforth, who fought with the 9th Lancers during the Second Anglo-Afghan War of 1878–1880 (later Colonel of the regiment), and was later military secretary to M. E. Grant Duff. He married the daughter of Edward Steinkopff, owner of the St James's Gazette and dedicatee of Evans-Gordon's  The Alien Immigrant. Julia and James had one further sibling, Mary Jeune, Baroness St Helier, society hostess and politician. Evans-Gordon's siblings included:

 Henry (1842-1909) a stockbroker in London, married to Mary Sartoris, daughter of Edward Sartoris MP. Jessica (1852–87) who married Thomas Gibson Bowles MP. Evans-Gordon's paternal grandfather was Col. George Evans (d.1819), whose principal service in the Napoleonic wars was with the Royal African Corps. References
Notes

Citations

Bibliography

 Jill Pellew (June 1989) The Home Office and the Aliens Act 1905, Historical Journal, vol.32, no. 2, June 1989, p. 369-85. External links

Pictures from the Jewish Museum including some

masks:
Keith William
William Evans


title: Friedrich Graetz

texts:
<mask> or Grätz (April 3, 1842, Frankfurt – November 28, 1912 Vienna) was an Austrian illustrator and cartoonist. His best-known works appeared in Viennese satirical magazines such as Kikeriki and Der Floh, and in  the American magazine Puck. Puck was the first magazine to print cartoons in color. Many of Graetz's cartoons were political, targeting issues of government responsibility and public health and urging social change. Career
Graetz studied art in Frankfurt am Main with Eduard von Steinle. In 1867 Graetz came to Vienna, spending time also in Budapest. Vienna
Graetz worked for the satirical weekly Kikeriki ("Cock-a-doodle-doo") in Vienna between 1872 and 1875, and for Der Floh ("The Flea"), also in Vienna, beginning in 1875.Both magazines were printed by the publishing house Johann Nepomuk Vernay. Kikeriki was edited by Ottokar Franz Ebersberg, under the pseudonym O. F. Berg. In its early years,  Kikeriki used humour to critique authority and  call for social change. It has been suggested that over time humour in Kikeriki and other Viennese newspapers shifted, becoming less an appeal to improve city life, and more an attempt to cope with its stresses by "keeping up a cheerful spirit". Their humour also became increasingly  distanced and negative toward marginalized groups, including women and Jewish people. Puck
<mask> was hired by Joseph Keppler on a three-year contract, to work for the popular magazine Puck in New York. Keppler, who was also from Austria, established the German-language magazine in 1871, publishing the first English-language edition in 1877.<mask>'s illustrations appear in Puck between March 1882 and March 1885. <mask>'s images, like those of Joseph Keppler and Carl Edler von Stur in Puck, depict complex scenes in which a number of characters are involved in unfolding action. In Puck, as in the early Kikeriki, humor was intentionally used to press for both political and social change. Topics reflected the

masks:
Friedrich Graetz
Graetz
Graetz
Graetz


title: Friedrich Graetz

texts: interests and political positions of Keppler and other senior staff, and Keppler closely reviewed others' work before it went to publication, influencing both content and style with "a strong guiding hand". Among the areas of public health addressed by <mask>'s cartoons in  Puck are unsanitary conditions; disease, quarantine and immigration; and adulteration of foodstuffs. <mask>'s cartoon "The Anti-Chinese Wall: The American wall goes up as the Chinese original goes down" caricatures a group including Irish, African American, French, and Jewish laborers. They are shown building a wall against the Chinese at the same time that the Chinese are removing their own barriers to trade.The lettering on the blocks includes "Fear", "Non Reciprocity", "Law Against Race" and "Congressional Blunders". Congress had passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, and was manipulating prejudice and fear against minority groups to support anti-Chinese trade policies. <mask>'s cartoon has been used to examine recurring political debates across time. Cholera was particularly feared for its high rate of mortality,  and because its cause of infection was not yet known. A major epidemic was occurring in Egypt at the time this cartoon was drawn. <mask>'s illustration "The Kind of 'Assisted Emigrant' We Can Not Afford to Admit" personifies cholera as a skeletal invader in the foreground of the cartoon, but does not demonize or blame immigrants. The deadly disease is opposed by an array of tiny figures: a boat representing the Board of Health, cannons loaded with carbolic acid, thymol and chloride of lime, and a frail line of human defenders.The building in the illustration has been identified as Castle Clinton, an immigrant processing center in the Battery Park area of New York City. A flag entitled "Freedom of thought" flies above the conflict in <mask>'s cartoon "An appalling attempt to muzzle the watch-dog of science" (1883). The caption notes that The Society

masks:
Friedrich Graetz
Graetz
Graetz
Graetz
Friedrich Graetz


title: Friedrich Graetz

texts: for the Suppression of Blasphemous Literature proposed to prosecute professors such as physicist John Tyndall, biologist Thomas Henry Huxley, and sociologist Herbert Spencer for sowing "widespread unbelief, and in some cases rank atheism" through the expression of their views on science and religion. In the  cartoon, Spencer is shown as a monumental dog, guarding the doors of scientific enlightenment. His detractors surround him with muzzles. Graetz's cartoon "The Alchemist of the Past, and the Alchemist of the Present" targeted food adulteration practices by commercial chemists and hinted at the need for regulation, as a matter of public health. The Alchemist of the Past, as noted in the illustration, could not make gold out of anything, but the Alchemist of the Present profits by making things out of almost everything.In the cartoon "Dr. Cashdown Mixer, Analytical Chemist" is collecting payments from a number of well-dressed gentlemen, while above him on the wall are the results of some of his work, "Analysis Tea," "Analysis Coffee," and "Analysis Oilymargarine". "Coffee" is listed as consisting predominantly of chicory and beans, while "flour" consists almost entirely of plaster of paris and chalk. Eugene Zimmerman recalls <mask> as "an elderly gentleman with short-cropped hair and abundant red whiskers." Zimmerman considered <mask> to be "an excellent pen-and-ink artist but too careful in detail for an American comic paper". Graetz was unfamiliar with American politics, and was often given topics dealing with international affairs. Because he spoke little or no English, proposed work had to be described to him extremely precisely by a German-speaking staff member. While Keppler was travelling abroad for six months in 1883, Zimmerman acted as Graetz's translator.Keppler caricatured himself and his staff in "The return of the 'prodigal father' at the 'Puck" office'", a cartoon published on October 10, 1883. <mask> is portrayed among

masks: Graetz Graetz Graetz


title: Friedrich Graetz

texts:
 the members of the art department, to the left of Keppler. He is dressed in a toga as the Greek painter Apelles. Over time, Graetz drew fewer lithographs. Zimmermam became increasingly skilled, and was seen by Keppler and his partner Adolph Schwarzmann as a possible replacement. Keppler, however, felt uncomfortable about firing his friend. According to Zimmerman, when it was time to renew <mask>'s contract, the proprietors of Puck proposed to cut Graetz's salary in half.Humiliated, he chose to leave and return to Europe. A few months later, Zimmerman left Puck as well. Europe
Two other similarly named artists were active in Austria and Germany during <mask>'s lifetime (1842–1912). <mask> has been credited with publishing during the periods 1885–1891 in Lustigen Blätter ("Funny Leaves", Hamburg and Berlin)  and 1896–1897 in Der Wahre Jacob (Stuttgart, Germany). However, Ursula E. Koch and others identify the author of anti-Semitic cartoons in Lustigen Blätter and Der Wahre Jacob as <mask> (1875–1915). <mask> "Fritz" Grätz or <mask> (1875–1915) was also from Frankfurt am Main, and signed paintings as "Fritz Grätz". A report of <mask>'s death credits him with publishing in Fliegende Blätter ("Flying Leaves", Munich, Germany).German artist Theodor Grätz (1859–1947) is known to have drawn cartoons for Fliegende Blätter, signing himself "Th. Grätz". Sample signatures for the three artists are shown below:

By 1892 <mask> was again working in Vienna, where he drew for several magazines including
Figaro,
Der Floh ("The Flea") (1891–1913), and
the worker's paper Neue Glühlichter ("New Incandescent Light"). Death
<mask>'s death was reported by December 1912. References

Resources

 Search for <mask>, F. (<mask>), approximately 1840-approximately 1913,  Digital Archives, Theodore Roosevelt Center, Dickinson State University

1842 births
1912 deaths
Austrian cartoonists
Austrian editorial cartoonists
Austrian satirists
Artists from

masks:
Graetz
Friedrich Graetz
Friedrich Graetz
Fritz Graetz
Georg Friedrich
Graetz
Friedrich Graetz
Graetz
Friedrich Graetz
Graetz
Friedrich


title: Filiz Akın

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>, 2 January 1943) is a Turkish actress, writer and TV presenter. Known as Yeşilçam Turkish cinema's "noble, modern, urban and elegant face", <mask>n won a huge fan base in Turkey. Life and career

Early life
<mask> was born on 2 January 1943 in Ankara. Her mother Habibe Leman Şaşırmaz was a tailor from Ankara, and her father <mask> was a judge from Afyonkarahisar. Her mother was of Albanian descent on her paternal side, while her father was of Circassian descent on his maternal side. She has a sister Günseli from her mother's second marriage. Her grandmother, Halime Hanım's father was a clerk of Atatürk, and her stepfather was Atatürk's executive assistant and would ask Halime Hanım's help in Atatürk's attire for state occasions.<mask> <mask> lived in Beypazarı, where her father was working, until the age of 3. At the age of 5, she started attending primary school. She finished her primary education at Sarar Elementary School in Kızılay, Ankara. Her parents divorced when she was 7 years old. College years
<mask> Akın continued her education at TED Ankara College Foundation Schools through boarding and scholarship. She received various awards at the school with her paintings and compositions. She passed all the classes successfully, and was chosen as an ideal student by her teachers.Her best-known hidden talent at school was her very good imitation. In June 1960, she graduated from college. After finishing her studies, she started working at the Ankara branch of American Export-Isbrandtsen Lines. After working at the company for 2 years, she became the head of its marine branch. She learned English, French, and a little bit of Italian. Meanwhile, she attended Ankara University, Faculty of Language, History and Geography for a semester and studied archaeology.

masks:
Filiz Akın
Suna Akın
Filiz Akı
Filiz Akın
Bekir Sami Akın
Filiz
Akın
Filiz


title: Filiz Akın

texts:
 In 1979, she performed as a headliner at the Izmir International Fair. In September 1979 she was stabbed in the leg by an attacker while entering the İzmir Efes Hotel. The attacker who was captured immediately, said to the prosecutor that he was in love with <mask> Akın but after she refused his advances, he decided to stab her. He later changed his confession and said that he was asked by mafia boss Mehmet Nabi İnciler to perform this act. <mask> Akın survived the attack with a slight wound and at the same night appeared on stage.1982–2002
For 11 years, Akın lived in Neuilly and Bougival in Paris, and then moved to the Turkish embassy in Paris for the next 4 years, making her stay in France 15 years. In 1982, she married Bubi Rubinstein. They divorced in 1993 after 11 years of marriage. In May 1994, she married chief of the National Intelligence Organization Sönmez Köksal in Ankara. After marriage, the couple settled in Ankara. The witnesses to their marriage were President Süleyman Demirel and Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey Hüsamettin Cindoruk. Her husband Sönmez Köksal was appointed as ambassador to France in February 1998 and for 4 years they lived at the Turkish embassy in Paris.To promote Turkey and its culture in Paris, she organized a Turkish-Ottoman products exhibition in La Fayette, and Lale Park and Turkish Painters Exhibition in Bagatelle. These actions made <mask> <mask> a cultural ambassador, who with her efforts influenced the French by Turkish culture. In 1991, her father Sami Akın passed away in İzmir. 2002–present
In 2002, she learned that she had some kind of cancer of the nose and mouth (nasopharynx). She received treatment at the MD Anderson Cancer Center of the University of Texas and her cancer was cured. From 2004 to 2007, she worked

masks: Filiz Filiz Filiz Akın


title: Filiz Akın

texts:
 as a columnist for Sabah. In 2005, for the benefit of Turkey Breast Foundation and to support the "yellow bracelets against cancer," she launched a campaign, and more than 1 million bracelets were sold.In 2005, she supported the promotion of the "blue bracelet" campaign organized for the benefit of the Hacettepe University Hope House project, organized to raise awareness of cancer in the community. From 2007, she has been a supporter of "Türkiye'de İşitmeyen Kalmasın", a project initiated by The Starkey Hearing Foundation's and Turkey EMÖV Foundation. In 2006, the street where she lived until she was 3 years old, was named as "Filiz Akın Sokak" by the city council in Beypazarı. In 2008, she presented the program "Filiz Akın'la Sohbetler" on Kanal 1. In 2009, she presented "Filiz Akın'la Hafta Sonu Sohbetleri" on Habertürk TV. In November 2013, she met her fans for her third book, Lezzete Merhaba'''s signature day at the 32nd Tüyap Istanbul Book Fair. <mask> Akın is a member of the Board of Trustees of TED University., Bircan Usallı Silan, Epsilon, 2004
 "Başrolde Filiz Akın: Türk sineması'nda ikonografik ve toplumbilimsel bir değer olarak Filiz Akın", Pınar Çekirge, Epsilon, 2007
 Akın's portraits have appeared in Atıf Yılmaz's "Hayallerim, Aşkım ve Sinema" (1990), Türker İnanoğlu's "Bay Sinema" (2004), and Agâh Özgüç's "Türk Sineması’nın Kadınları''" (2008). Filmography

References

External links
 Biography of Filiz Akın
 Gumusperde - Online Filiz Akın Movies
 Official Instagram account

1943 births
Living people
Turkish film actresses
Turkish female models
Turkish people of Circassian descent
Actresses from Ankara
TED Ankara College Foundation Schools alumni
Best Actress Golden Orange Award winners
Golden Orange Life Achievement Award winners
20th-century Turkish


title: Edwin H. Simmons

texts:
<mask> (August 25, 1921 – May 5, 2007) was a United States Marine Corps brigadier general. He was a career officer who served in combat during three wars — including landing at Inchon and fighting at the Chosin Reservoir in the Korean War. He was renowned as the official Marine Corps historian, being called "the collective memory of the Marine Corps". His 1974 book The United States Marines: A History is a seminal reference text. Biography
<mask> was born on August 25, 1921, in Paulsboro, New Jersey, and graduated from Paulsboro High School in 1938. He earned a bachelor of arts in journalism in 1942 at Lehigh University, where he had been elected to Phi Beta Kappa the previous year, and a master's degree in journalism in 1955 at Ohio State University. Prior to accepting his commission as a Marine Corps second lieutenant on June 12, 1942, he held an Army Reserve commission.During World War II, he trained at Marine Corps Schools, Marine Corps Base Quantico, and Camp Lejeune, N.C., prior to serving overseas with the 5th Field Depot in the South and Central Pacific. He took part in combat during the capture of Guam and later served with the 7th Service Regiment on Okinawa and in China. He was promoted to captain in January 1944 and to major in June 1949. Following the war, he served for three and one-half years as Managing Editor of the Marine Corps Gazette, then completed the Amphibious Warfare School, Junior Course, Quantico, in 1950. At the outbreak of the Korean War, he commanded the Weapons Company, 1st Battalion, 6th Marines, Camp Lejeune. The half strength battalion was just back from the Mediterranean when it boarded a troop train west. It was redesignated 3rd Battalion, 1st Marines.They were ordered to South Korea in August 1950 and participated in the Inchon Landing

masks:
Edwin Howard Simmons
Edwin Howard Simmons


title: Edwin H. Simmons

texts: that September. He continued in combat as weapons company commander during the initial phases of the war; and as a battalion operations officer and executive officer during the Chinese Spring Offensive. Returning to the United States in July 1951, he served in various assignments with the Training and Replacement Command at Camp Pendleton, California; with the Naval ROTC unit at Ohio State University; and with the G-4 Division at Headquarters Marine Corps. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in December 1954. From August 1959 until October 1960, he served as Naval Attaché to the Dominican Republic. Carbine rifles from his office, left behind after the United States interrupted formal diplomatic relations, were used in the assassination of Trujillo according to the Church Committee. However, <mask> denied he played any direct role in the assassination.Prior to returning to the Dominican Republic in September 1961 as U.S. Military Liaison Officer, U.S. Embassy, Santo Domingo, he was assigned as senior editor, Publications Group, Marine Corps Schools, Quantico. In January 1962, he joined the Strategic Plans Section, G-3 Division at Headquarters Marine Corps, and in July 1963 was promoted to colonel. From July 1965 until July 1966, he served in South Vietnam, first as G-3 of III Marine Amphibious Force (III MAF), and later, as commanding officer, 9th Marine Regiment, the "Striking Ninth". Returning from Vietnam, he was a student at the National War College for the next year prior to reporting to Headquarters Marine Corps where he served as Deputy Fiscal Director of the Marine Corps from August 1967 until May 1970. He was advanced to the rank of brigadier general on June 1, 1968. Brigadier General <mask> returned to Vietnam for another one-year tour, and served as Assistant

masks: Simmons Simmons


title: Edwin H. Simmons

texts:
 Division Commander, 1st Marine Division (Rein),  "The Old Breed", and subsequently as deputy commander, III MAF. He returned to Headquarters Marine Corps on  July 20, 1971, where he became special assistant to the chief of staff for strategic studies.On December 1, 1971, he assumed duties as director of Marine Corps History and Museums. He went on the retired list on July 1, 1972, but continued on active duty without interruption of service as director of Marine Corps History and Museums. On July 1, 1978, he reverted to inactive status on the retired list. In late October 1978, he returned as a Civil Service employee to his previous position as director of Marine Corps History and Museums. Brigadier General <mask> died on May 5, 2007, at his home in Alexandria, Virginia. He is survived by his wife, the former Frances G. Bliss of Denver, Colorado, two sons, <mask>. Jr., and Clarke V., and two daughters, Bliss and Courtney. Memberships
He was a fellow, governor, and treasurer of the Company of Military Historians and a member of the boards of trustees of the American Military Institute, the Marine Corps War Memorial Foundation, and the United States Commission on Military History.He also served as president of the 1st Marine Division Association, president of the American Society of Military Comptrollers, and vice-president of the National War College Alumni Association. In 1970, he received a Centennial Distinguished Graduate Medallion from Ohio State University. Publications
<mask> wrote for numerous military and general publications, including the Naval Review, Naval Institute Proceedings, Marine Corps Gazette, Sea Power, and Army. He was the author of the history, 'The United States Marines (published in London, 1974;  and New York, 1976) and contributed extensively to

masks:
Simmons
Edwin H
Simmons


title: Edwin H. Simmons

texts:
 various histories and standard works including the Encyclopædia Britannica and the Dictionary of American History. His novel, Dog Company Six, received the W.Y. Boyd Literary Award for Excellence in Military Fiction from the American Library Association in 2001, and the Samuel Eliot Morison Award for Naval Literature in 2000. Honors
In May 2013, construction began for the Senator John W. Warner Center for Advanced Military Studies at Marine Corps University in Quantico, Virginia.A portion of this facility will house the Brigadier General <mask> H. <mask> Center for Marine Corps History. The Simmons Center will consolidate resources from the Marine Corps History Division and the Archives and Special Collections Branch, currently held in three locations, into one facility. Military awards
<mask>'s military decorations and awards include:

Selected works by <mask><mask>

 A novel about the Korean War. History of Marines at the Battle of Soissons during World War I. See also

History of the United States Marine Corps
National Museum of the Marine Corps

Notes

References

1921 births
2007 deaths
Lehigh University alumni
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
American military historians
Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Recipients of the Silver Star
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)
United States Marine Corps generals
5 <mask>, <mask>.
United States naval attachés
American male non-fiction writers
Ohio State University School of Communication alumni
Paulsboro High School alumni
People from Paulsboro, New Jersey
20th-century American male writers
Historians from New Jersey
Military personnel from

masks:
Edwin
Simmons
Simmons
Edwin H
. Simmons
Simmons
Edwin H


title: Rupert Sheldrake

texts:
<mask> (born 28 June 1942) is an English author, and researcher in the field of parapsychology, who proposed the concept of morphic resonance, a conjecture which lacks mainstream acceptance and has been characterised as pseudoscience. He worked as a biochemist at Cambridge University from 1967 to 1973 and as principal plant physiologist at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics in India until 1978. Sheldrake's morphic resonance posits that "memory is inherent in nature" and that "natural systems... inherit a collective memory from all previous things of their kind." Sheldrake proposes that it is also responsible for "telepathy-type interconnections between organisms." His advocacy of the idea offers idiosyncratic explanations of standard subjects in biology such as development, inheritance, and memory. Morphic resonance is not accepted by the scientific community and Sheldrake's proposals relating to it have been widely criticised. Critics cite a lack of evidence for morphic resonance and inconsistencies between its tenets and data from genetics, embryology, neuroscience, and biochemistry.They also express concern that popular attention paid to <mask>'s books and public appearances undermines the public's understanding of science. Other work by Sheldrake encompasses paranormal subjects such as precognition, empirical research into telepathy and the psychic staring effect. He has been described as a New Age author. Life and career

Education
Sheldrake was born on 28 June 1942, in Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire, to Reginald Alfred <mask> and Doris (née Tebbutt). His

masks:
Alfred Rupert Sheldrake
Sheldrake
Sheldrake


title: Rupert Sheldrake

texts:
 think of, and then start looking round for whatever scraps of evidence that seem to them to be in their favour." Jones argued that without confirmatory experimental evidence, "the whole unwieldy and redundant structure of [Sheldrake's] theory falls to Occam's Razor." The Rebirth of Nature (1991)
Published in 1991, Sheldrake's The Rebirth of Nature: The Greening of Science and God addressed the subject of New Age consciousness and related topics. A column in The Guardian said that the book "seeks to restore the pre-Enlightenment notion that nature is 'alive'," quoting Sheldrake as saying that "indeterminism, spontaneity and creativity have re-emerged throughout the natural world" and that "mystic, animistic and religious ways of thinking can no longer be kept at bay." The book was reviewed by James Lovelock in Nature, who argued that "the theory of formative causation makes testable predictions," noting that "nothing has yet been reported which would divert the mainstream of science. ... Even if it is nonsense ... recognizing the need for fruitful errors, I do not regard the book as dangerous."<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Lovelock | first1 = J. E. | year = 1990| title = A danger to science? (review of The Rebirth of Nature by <mask>e) | journal = Nature | volume = 348 | issue = 6303| page = 685 | doi = 10.1038/348685a0 | s2cid = 46012105 }}</ref>

Seven Experiments That Could Change the World (1994)
In 1994, Sheldrake proposed a list of Seven Experiments That Could Change the World, subtitled "A do-it-yourself guide to revolutionary science." He encouraged lay people to conduct research and argued


title: Rupert Sheldrake

texts:
 period where the dog "settles down and does not bother to go to the window," and then showing that the longer the owner was away, the more the dog went to look. The Sense of Being Stared At (2003)
Sheldrake's The Sense of Being Stared At explores telepathy, precognition, and the "psychic staring effect."It reported on an experiment Sheldrake conducted where blindfolded subjects guessed whether persons were staring at them or at another target. Sheldrake reported subjects exhibiting a weak sense of being stared at, but no sense of not being stared at,Sheldrake, <mask> (2003). The Sense of Being Stared At, And Other Aspects of the Extended Mind, London: Hutchinson. . and attributed the results to morphic resonance. Sheldrake reported a hit rate of 53.1%, describing two subjects as "nearly always right, scoring way above chance levels." Several independent experimenters were unable to find evidence beyond statistical randomness that people could tell they were being stared at, with some saying that there were design flaws in Sheldrake's experiments, such as using test sequences with "relatively few long runs and many alternations" instead of truly randomised patterns. In 2005, Michael Shermer expressed concern over confirmation bias and experimenter bias in the tests, and concluded that Sheldrake's claim was unfalsifiable. David Jay Brown, who conducted some of the experiments for Sheldrake, states that one of the subjects who was reported as having the highest hit rates was under the influence of the drug MDMA (Ecstasy) during the trials.The Science Delusion (Science Set Free) (2012)The Science


title: Seán Clohessy

texts:
<mask> (27 October 1931 – 6 October 2019) was an Irish hurler who played for club sides Tullaroan and Young Irelands. He played for the Kilkenny senior hurling team for a decade, during which time he lined out in a variety of positions including left corner-forward, left wing-forward and midfield. Born in Tullaroan, County Kilkenny, Clohosey first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Kilkenny minor team. He made his senior debut during the 1953 championship. During his career Clohosey won two All-Ireland medals, five Leinster medals and one National Hurling League medal. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on one occasion. Clohosey also represented the Leinster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions, winning one Railway Cup medal.At club level he was a one-time championship medallist with Tullaroan. His retirement came following Kilkenny's victory over Waterford in the 1963 All-Ireland final. Clohosey's father, Pat, also enjoyed a length career with Kilkenny. Playing career

Tullaroan

<mask> joined the Tullaroan club at a young age and played in all grades at juvenile and underage levels before eventually joining the club's top adult team in the Kilkenny Senior Championship. On 31 August 1952, <mask> lined out at right wing-forward when Tullaroan qualified to play Bennettsbridge in the Kilkenny Senior Championship final. He scored two goals from play but ended on the losing side after suffering a 5-3 to 4-05 defeat. <mask> was selected at midfield when Tullaroan qualified for a meeting with Slieverue in the final on 10

masks:
Seán Clohosey
Clohessy
Clohessy
Clohessy


title: Seán Clohessy

texts:
 October 1954.He was held scoreless and ended the game on the losing side after suffering a 6-05 to 4-03 defeat. On 2 November 1958, <mask> was selected at centre-forward when he lined out in a third final. He scored two points from play and claimed a winners' medal after Tullaroan's 1-12 to 3-02 defeat of Bennettsbridge. Kilkenny

Minor

<mask> was just 16-years-old when he was selected for the Kilkenny minor team for the first time during the 1948 Leinster Championship. He won a Leinster Championship medal as a member of the extended panel on 11 July 1948 following Kilkenny's 5-02 to 3-06 defeat of Offaly in the final. <mask> was again a member of the extended panel when Kilkenny suffered a 3-08 to 4-02 defeat by Waterford in the All-Ireland final on 5 September 1948. On 15 May 1949, <mask> made his first appearance for the Kilkenny minor team.He scored 1-01 from play in a 1-03 to 0-05 defeat of Wexford in the Leinster Championship. <mask>, who was then based as a bank official in Killorglin, County Kerry, was later dropped from the team due to the difficulty with travel arrangements in getting him to games. Senior

<mask> was added to the Kilkenny senior team during the 1952-53 National League. He made his Leinster Championship debut on 21 June 1953 and scored a point from play in a 3-11 to 4-08 draw with Dublin. <mask> won a Leinster Championship medal on 19 July 1953 when he again scored a point in the 1-13 to 3-05 defeat of Wexford in the final. On 2 May 1954, <mask> lined out at right wing-forward when Kilkenny faced Tipperary in the National League final. He ended the game

masks: Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy


title: Seán Clohessy

texts: on the losing side after a 3-10 to 1-04 defeat.<mask> lined out in a second Leinster final on 17 July 1955. He top scored for Kilkenny with 1-01 in the 2-07 apiece draw with Wexford. Clohesy was again Kilkenny's top scorer with 1-02 for the replay on 31 July 1955, however, he ended the game on the losing side after a 5-06 to 3-09 defeat. On 8 July 1956, <mask> was selected at centre-forward when Kilkenny faced Wexford in a second successive Leinster final. He scored a point from play in the 4-08 to 3-10 defeat. <mask> was selected at left corner-forward when he lined out in his second National League final on 12 May 1957. He ended the game on the losing side after a 3-11 to 2-07 defeat by Tipperary.On 4 August 1957, <mask> won his second Leinster medal after scoring 2-01 in the 6-09 to 1-05 defeat of Wexford in the final. He was again selected at left corner-forward when Kilkenny faced Waterford in the All-Ireland final on 1 September 1957. <mask> scored two points from play and claimed a winners' medal following the 4-10 to 3-12 victory. <mask> was named at left corner-forward when Kilkenny faced Wexford in a fourth successive Leinster final on 27 July 1958. He scored two points from play and claimed a third Leinster medal following the 5-12 to 4-09 victory. <mask> was appointed captain of the Kilkenny team for the 1959 season. He won a fourth Leinster medal on 12 July 1959 after captaining the team to a 2-09 to 1-11 defeat of Dublin in the final.On 6 September 1959, <mask> captained Kilkenny to an All-Ireland final meeting with Waterford. He scored a point from play in the 5-05


title: Seán Clohessy

texts:
 to 1-17 draw. <mask> was again at left wing-forward for the replay on 4 October 1959, however, he ended the game on the losing side after suffering a 3-12 to 1-10 defeat. On 24 July 1960, <mask> was selected at midfield when Kilkenny faced Wexford in the Leinster final. He was held scoreless throughout and ended the game on the losing side following a 3-10 to 2-11 defeat. On 6 May 1962, <mask> was at full-forward when Kilkenny qualified to play Cork in the National League final. He scored a point from play and claimed a winners' medal following the 1-16 to 1-08 victory and a first league title for Kilkenny since 1933.<mask> was again at full-forward when Kilkenny faced Wexford in the Leinster final on 22 July 1962. He scored a point from play in the 3-09 to 2-10 defeat. <mask> lined out in a ninth Leinster final on 21 July 1963. He scored 1-01 from right wing-forward and claimed a fifth winners' medal after the 2-10 to 0-09 defeat of Dublin. On 1 September 1963, <mask> lined out at midfield when Kilkenny faced Waterford in the All-Ireland final. He ended the game with a second All-Ireland medal All-Ireland medal after the 4-17 to 6-08 victory. Honours

Team

Tullaroan
Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship (1): 1958

Kilkenny
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (2): 1957, 1963
Leinster Senior Hurling Championship (5): 1953, 1957, 1958, 1959 (c), 1963
National Hurling League (1): 1961–62

Leinster
Railway Cup (1): 1956

References

1931 births
2019 deaths
Tullaroan hurlers
Kilkenny inter-county hurlers
Leinster inter-provincial hurlers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship

masks: Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy Clohessy


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: <mask> (; August 21, 1936 – October 12, 1999) was an American professional basketball player who played as a center, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in the sport's history. He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, the Philadelphia 76ers, and the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played for the University of Kansas and for the Harlem Globetrotters before playing in the NBA. <mask> stood  tall. <mask> holds numerous NBA regular season records in scoring, rebounding, and durability categories. He is the only player to score 100 points in a single NBA game or average more than 40 and 50 points in a season. He won seven scoring, eleven rebounding, nine durability, and nine field goal percentage titles, and led the league in assists once.<mask> is the only player in NBA history to average at least 30 points and 20 rebounds per game in a season, which he accomplished seven times. He is also the only player to average at least 30 points and 20 rebounds per game over the entire course of his NBA career. Although <mask> suffered a long string of NBA Finals losses during his career, he had a successful career, winning two NBA championships, earning four regular-season NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) awards, the NBA Rookie of the Year award, one NBA Finals MVP award, and was selected to 13 NBA All-Star Game and ten All-NBA First and Second teams. <mask> was subsequently enshrined in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1978, elected into the NBA's 35th Anniversary Team of 1980, and was chosen as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History in 1996. In October

masks:
Wilton Norman Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts:
 2021, <mask> was named to the NBA’s 75th Anniversary Team. <mask> was known by several nicknames during his basketball playing career. He disliked the ones that called attention to his height, such as "Goliath" and "Wilt the Stilt".A Philadelphia sportswriter coined the nicknames during <mask>'s high school days. He preferred "The Big Dipper", which was inspired by his friends who saw him dip his head as he walked through doorways. After his professional basketball career ended, <mask> played volleyball in the short-lived International Volleyball Association, was president of that organization, and is enshrined in the IVA Hall of Fame for his contributions. He was a successful businessman, authored several books, and appeared in the movie Conan the Destroyer. <mask> was also a lifelong bachelor and became notorious for his statement of having had sexual relations with as many as 20,000 women. Early years
<mask> was born on August 21, 1936 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, into a family of nine children, the son of Olivia Ruth Johnson, a domestic worker and homemaker, and <mask>, a welder, custodian, and handyman. He was a frail child, nearly dying of pneumonia in his early years and missing a whole year of school as a result.In his early years, <mask> was not interested in basketball because he thought it was "a game for sissies." As an avid track and field athlete, <mask> high jumped 6 feet, 6 inches; ran the 440 yards in 49.0 seconds and the 880 yards in 1:58.3; put the shot 53 feet, 4 inches; and long jumped 22 feet. According to <mask>, "basketball was king in Philadelphia", so he eventually turned to the sport. Because <mask>

masks:
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
William Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain
Chamberlain


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts:
 was a very tall child, already measuring  at age 10 and  when he entered Philadelphia's Overbrook High School, he had a natural advantage against his peers; he soon was renowned for his scoring talent, his physical strength and his shot blocking abilities. According to ESPN journalist Hal Bock, <mask> was "scary, flat-out frightening ... before he came along, very few players at the center position possessed his level of athleticism, stature, and stamina. <mask> changed the game in fundamental ways no other player did." It was also in this period of his life when his three lifelong nicknames "Wilt the Stilt", "Goliath", and his favorite, "The Big Dipper", were allegedly born.High school career
As the star player for the Overbrook Panthers, <mask> averaged 31 points a game during the 1953 high school season and led his team to a 71–62 win over Northeast High School, who had Guy Rodgers, <mask>'s future NBA teammate. He scored 34 points as Overbrook won the Public League title and gained a berth in the Philadelphia city championship game against the winner of the rival Catholic league, West Catholic. In that game, West Catholic quadruple-teamed <mask> the entire game, and despite his 29 points, the Panthers lost 54–42. In his second Overbrook season, he continued his prolific scoring when he tallied a high school record 71 points against Roxborough. The Panthers comfortably won the Public League title after again beating Northeast in which <mask> scored 40 points, and later won the city title by defeating South Catholic 74–50. He scored 32 points and led Overbrook to a 19–0 season. During summer vacations, he worked as a bellhop in

masks: Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: Kutsher's Hotel.Subsequently, owners Milton and Helen Kutsher kept up a lifelong friendship with <mask>; according to their son Mark, "[t]hey were his second set of parents." Red Auerbach, the coach of the Boston Celtics, spotted the talented teenager at Kutscher's and had him play one-on-one against University of Kansas standout and national champion, B. H. Born, elected the Most Outstanding Player of the 1953 NCAA Finals. As <mask> won 25–10, Born was so dejected that he gave up a promising NBA career and became a tractor engineer, recalling: "If there were high school kids that good, I figured I wasn't going to make it to the pros." Auerbach wanted him to go to a New England university, so he could draft him as a territorial pick for the Celtics, but <mask> did not respond. In <mask>'s third and final Overbrook season, he continued his high scoring, logging 74, 78, and 90 points in three consecutive games. The Panthers won the Public League a third time, beating West Philadelphia 78–60, and in the city championship game, they met West Catholic once again. Scoring 35 points, <mask> led Overbrook to an easy 83–42 victory.After three years, <mask> had led Overbrook to two city championships, logged a 56–3 record and broken Tom Gola's high school scoring record by scoring 2,252 points, averaging 37.4 points per game. After his last Overbrook season, more than two hundred universities tried to recruit the basketball prodigy. Among others, UCLA offered <mask> the opportunity to become a movie star, the University of Pennsylvania wanted to buy him diamonds, and <mask>'s Panthers coach Mosenson was even offered a coaching position if

masks: Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts:
 he could persuade him. In his 2004 biography of <mask>, Robert Cherry describes that <mask> wanted a change and therefore did not want to go to or near Philadelphia (also eliminating New York), was not interested in New England, and snubbed the South because of racial segregation; this left the Midwest as <mask>'s probable choice. In the end, after visiting the University of Kansas and conferring with the school's renowned college coach Phog Allen, <mask> proclaimed that he was going to play college basketball at Kansas. At the ages of 16 and 17, <mask> played several professional games under the pseudonym George Marcus. There were contemporary reports of the games in Philadelphia publications, but he tried to keep them secret from the Amateur Athletic Union.College career
In 1955, <mask> entered the University of Kansas (KU). In his first year, he played for the Kansas Jayhawks freshman team under coach Phog Allen, whom he admired. <mask> was also a member of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity, where he was the president of his pledge class. <mask>'s freshman debut was highly anticipated, and he delivered; the freshman squad was pitted against the varsity, who were favored to win their conference that year. <mask> dominated his older college teammates by scoring 42 points (16–35 from the field, 10–12 on free throws), grabbing 29 rebounds, and registering four blocks. <mask>'s prospects of playing under Allen ended when the coach turned 70 shortly after and retired in accordance with KU regulations. <mask> had a bad relationship with Allen's successor, Dick Harp, fueled by resentment and disappointment.<mask> biographer Robert Cherry

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texts: doubts whether <mask> would have chosen KU if he had known that Allen was going to retire. On December 3, 1956, <mask> made his varsity debut as a center. In his first game, he scored 52 points and grabbed 31 rebounds, breaking both all-time Kansas records in an 87–69 win against Northwestern, who had <mask>'s future NBA teammate Joe Ruklick. Teammate Monte Johnson testified to his athleticism that <mask> had "unbelievable endurance and speed ... and was never tired. When he dunked, he was so fast that a lot of players got their fingers jammed [between <mask>'s hand and the rim]." Reportedly, <mask> also broke Johnny Kerr's toe with a slam dunk. By this time, he had developed several offensive weapons that became his trademarks, such as his finger roll, his fade-away jump shot, which he could also hit as a bank shot, his passing, and his shot-blocking.Leading a talented squad of starters, including Maurice King, Gene Elstun, John Parker, Ron Lonesky, and Lew Johnson, the Jayhawks went 13–1 until they lost a game 56–54 versus Oklahoma State, who held the ball the last three and a half minutes without any intention of scoring a basket, which was still possible in the days before the shot clock (introduced 1984 in the NCAA). As he did at Overbrook, <mask> again showcased his diverse athletic talent. He ran the 100-yard dash in 10.9 seconds, shot-putted 56 feet, triple jumped more than 50 feet, and won the high jump in the Big Eight Conference track and field championships three straight years. In 1957, 23 teams were selected to play in the NCAA Tournament. The Midwest Regional was held in Dallas, Texas, which at the time was

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title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: segregated. In the first game, the Jayhawks played the all-white SMU team, and KU player John Parker later said: "The crowd was brutal. We were spat on, pelted with debris, and subjected to the vilest racial epithets possible."KU won 73–65 in overtime, after which police had to escort the Jayhawks out. The next game against Oklahoma City was equally unpleasant, with KU winning 81–61 under intense racist abuse. In the semi-finals, <mask>'s Jayhawks handily defeated the two-time defending national champion San Francisco 80–56, with <mask> scoring 32 points, grabbing 11 rebounds, and having at least seven blocked shots, as the game film is unclear whether an 8th block occurred, or the ball just fell short due to <mask>'s withering defensive intimidation. <mask> demonstrated his growing arsenal of offensive moves, including jump shots, put-backs, tip-ins, and his turnaround jump shot. He was far more comfortable and effective at the foul line than he would later be during his professional career. He had outstanding foot speed throughout the game, and several times led the fast break, including blocking a shot near the basket and then outracing the field for a layup. His stellar performance led Kansas to an insurmountable lead, and he rested on the bench for the final 3:45 remaining in the game.<mask> was named on the first-team All-America squad and led the Jayhawks into the NCAA finals against the North Carolina Tar Heels. In that game, Tar Heels coach Frank McGuire used several unorthodox tactics to thwart <mask>. For the tip-off, he sent his shortest player, Tommy Kearns, in order to rattle <mask>, and the Tar Heels spent the rest


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: of the night triple-teaming him, one defender in front, one behind, and a third arriving as soon as he got the ball. With their fixation on <mask>, the Jayhawks shot only 27% from the field, as opposed to 64% of the Tar Heels, and trailed 22–29 at halftime. Later, North Carolina led 40–37 with 10 minutes to go and stalled the game, as they passed the ball around without any intention of scoring a basket. After several Tar Heel turnovers, the game was tied at 46 at the end of regulation. In the first overtime each team scored two points, and in the second overtime, Kansas froze the ball in return, keeping the game tied at 48.In the third overtime, the Tar Heels scored two consecutive baskets, but <mask> executed a three-point play, leaving KU trailing 52–51. After King scored a basket, Kansas was ahead by one point, but then Tar Heel Joe Quigg was fouled on a drive with 10 seconds remaining and made his two foul shots. For the final play, Dick Harp called for Ron Loneski to pass the ball into <mask> in the low post, but the pass was intercepted and the Tar Heels won the game. In spite of his loss, <mask>, who scored 23 points and 14 rebounds, was elected the Most Outstanding Player of the Final Four. Cherry speculates that this loss was a watershed in <mask>'s life because it was the first time that his team lost despite him putting up impressive individual stats. He later admitted that this loss was the most painful of his life. In <mask>'s junior year of 1957–58, the Jayhawks' matches were even more frustrating for him.Knowing how dominant he was, the opponents resorted to freeze-ball tactics and routinely used three or more


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: players to guard him. Teammate Bob Billings commented: "It was not fun basketball ... we were just out chasing people throwing the basketball back and forth." Nevertheless, <mask> averaged 30.1 points for the season and led the Jayhawks to an 18–5 record, losing three games while he was out with a urinary infection. Because KU came second in the league and at the time only conference winners were invited to the NCAA tourney, the Jayhawks' season ended. It was a small consolation that he was again named an All-American, along with future NBA Hall-of-Famers Elgin Baylor and Oscar Robertson, plus old rival Guy Rodgers. Having lost the enjoyment from NCAA basketball and wanting to earn money, he left college and sold the story named "Why I Am Leaving College" to Look magazine for $10,000, a large sum when NBA players earned $9,000 in a whole season. In two seasons at KU, he averaged 29.9 points and 18.3 rebounds per game, while totaling 1,433 points and 877 rebounds, and led Kansas to one Big Seven championship.By the time <mask> was 21, even before he turned professional, he had already been featured in Time, Life, Look, and Newsweek magazines. For many years following <mask>'s departure from KU, critics claimed that he either wanted to leave the very white Midwest or was embarrassed by not being able to bring home the NCAA basketball tournament victory. In 1998, <mask> returned to Allen Fieldhouse in Lawrence, Kansas, to participate in a jersey-retiring ceremony for his No. 13. Around this time, he has been quoted as saying: "There's been a lot of conversation, since people have been trying to get my jersey number retired, that I

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title: Wilt Chamberlain

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 have some dislike for the University of Kansas. That is totally ridiculous." Professional career

Harlem Globetrotters (1958–1959)
After his frustrating junior year, <mask> wanted to become a professional player before finishing his senior year.At that time, the NBA did not accept players until after their college graduating class had been completed, therefore <mask> was prohibited from joining the NBA for a year, and decided to play for the Harlem Globetrotters in 1958 for a sum of $50,000 (equal to about $ in 2019). <mask> became a member of the Globetrotters team that made history by playing in Moscow in 1959; the team enjoyed a sold-out tour of the Soviet Union. Prior to the start of a game at Moscow's Lenin Central Stadium, they were greeted by General Secretary Nikita Khrushchev. One particular Globetrotter skit involved Globetrotter captain Meadowlark Lemon collapsing to the ground, and instead of helping him up, <mask> threw him several feet high up in the air and caught him like a doll. The 210-pound Lemon later recounted how <mask> was "the strongest athlete who ever lived." In later years, <mask> frequently joined the Globetrotters in the off-season and fondly recalled his time there, because he was no longer jeered at or asked to break records, but just one of several artists who loved to entertain the crowd. On March 9, 2000, his No.13 was retired by the Globetrotters. Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors (1959–1965)
On October 24, 1959, <mask> finally made his NBA debut, starting for the Philadelphia Warriors. <mask> immediately became the NBA's highest paid player, when he signed for $30,000 (equal to about $ today)


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 in his rookie contract. In comparison, the previous top earner was Bob Cousy of the Boston Celtics with $25,000; in fact, Eddie Gottlieb bought the whole Warriors franchise for $25,000 seven years earlier. 1959–60 NBA season

In the 1959–60 NBA season, <mask> joined a Warriors squad that was coached by Neil Johnston and included Hall-of-Fame guards Tom Gola and Paul Arizin, plus Ernie Beck and his old rival, Guy Rodgers; remarkably, all five starters were Philadelphians. In his first NBA game, against the New York Knicks, the rookie center scored 43 points and grabbed 28 rebounds. In his third game, <mask> recorded 41 points and a then-career-high 40 rebounds in a 124–113 win over the visiting Syracuse Nationals.In his fourth game, Philadelphia met the reigning champions, the Boston Celtics of Hall-of-Fame coach Red Auerbach, whose offer he had snubbed several years before, and Bill Russell, who was now lauded as one of the best defensive pivots in the game. In what was the first of many <mask> match-ups, <mask> outscored Russell with 30 points versus 28 points, but Boston won the game. <mask> and his perennial nemesis would grow to become one of the NBA's greatest on-court rivalries of all time. Nevertheless, the two also became friends off the court, similar to later rivals Magic Johnson and Larry Bird. On November 10, 1959, <mask> recorded 39 points and a new career-high 43 rebounds in a 126–125 win over the visiting New York Knicks. On January 25, 1960, <mask> recorded a rare feat in the NBA, recording 50 points, and 40 rebounds in an NBA game. During a game against the Detroit Pistons, <mask> recorded 58 points, 42 rebounds,

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Chamberlain Russell
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title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: and 4 assists in a winning effort.His 58 points were a then-career-high for him. He later tied that on February 21, as he recorded 58 points to go along with 24 rebounds in a 131–121 over the visiting Knicks. In his first NBA season, <mask> averaged 37.6 points and 27 rebounds, convincingly breaking the previous regular-season records as a rookie. He needed only 56 games to score 2,102 points, which broke the all-time regular-season scoring record of Bob Pettit, who needed 72 games to score 2,101 points. <mask> broke eight NBA records, and was named NBA MVP and Rookie of the Year that season, a feat matched only by fellow Hall-of-Famer Wes Unseld in the 1968–69 NBA season. <mask> capped off his rookie season by winning the 1960 NBA All-Star Game and the NBA All-Star Game MVP award with a 23-point, 25-rebound performance for the East; it also became evident that he was an atrocious free-throw shooter, making hardly half of his foul shots. As time progressed, <mask> grew even worse, and acknowledged he was simply "a psycho case" on that matter.The Warriors entered the 1960 NBA playoffs and beat the Syracuse Nationals, setting up a meeting versus the Eastern Division champions, the Boston Celtics. Cherry described how Celtics coach Red Auerbach ordered his forward Tom Heinsohn to commit personal fouls on <mask>; whenever the Warriors shot foul shots, Heinsohn grabbed and shoved <mask> to prevent him from running back quickly. His intention was that the Celtics would throw the ball in so fast that the prolific shotblocker <mask> was not yet back under his own basket, and Boston could score an easy fastbreak basket. The teams split


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 the first two games, but <mask> got fed up with Heinsohn and punched him during Game 3. In the scuffle, <mask> injured his hand, and Philadelphia lost the next two games. In Game 5, with his hand healthy, <mask> recorded 50 points and 35 rebounds in a 128–107 win over the Celtics, extending the series to a Game 6. As of the end of the 2019 playoffs, he is the first and the only player in NBA history to record 50 points and 35 rebounds in a playoff game.In Game 6, Heinsohn got the last laugh, scoring the decisive basket with a last-second tip-in. The Warriors lost the series 4–2. The rookie <mask> then shocked Warriors' fans by saying he was thinking of retiring. He was tired of being double- and triple-teamed, and of teams coming down on him with hard fouls. <mask> feared he might lose his cool one day. Celtics forward Heinsohn said: "Half the fouls against him were hard fouls ... he took the most brutal pounding of any player ever." In addition, <mask> was seen as a freak of nature, jeered at by the fans and scorned by the media.As <mask> often said, quoting coach Alex Hannum's explanation of his situation: "Nobody loves Goliath." Gottlieb coaxed <mask> back into the NBA, sweetening his return with a salary raise to $65,000 (equal to about $ today). 1960–61 NBA season
<mask>'s 1960–61 NBA season started with a 42-point and 31-rebound performance in a 133–123 road win against the Syracuse Nationals. On November 24, 1960, <mask> grabbed an NBA-record 55 rebounds to go along with 34 points and 4 assists in a game against the Bill Russell led-Boston Celtics. Five days later, <mask> recorded 44 points, 38 rebounds, and a career-high

masks: Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts:
 7 assists in a 122–121 win over the Los Angeles Lakers. <mask> surpassed his rookie season statistics, as he averaged 38.4 points and 27.2 rebounds per game. He became the first player to break the 3,000-point barrier, and the first and still only player to break the 2,000-rebound barrier for a single season, grabbing 2,149 boards.<mask> also won his first field goal percentage title, and set the all-time record for rebounds in a single game with 55. <mask> was so dominant on the team that he scored almost 32% of his team's points and collected 30.4% of their rebounds. <mask> failed to convert his play into team success, this time bowing out against the Syracuse Nationals in a three-game sweep. Cherry noted that <mask> was "difficult" and did not respect coach Neil Johnston, who was unable to handle the star center. In retrospect, Gottlieb remarked: "My mistake was not getting a strong-handed coach. ... [Johnston] wasn't ready for big time." 1961–62 NBA season
In <mask>'s third season, the Warriors were coached by Frank McGuire, the coach who had masterminded <mask>'s painful NCAA loss against the Tar Heels.In that year, <mask> set several all-time records which have never been threatened. In the 1961–62 NBA season, he averaged 50.4 points and grabbed 25.7 rebounds per game. On March 2, 1962, in Hershey, Pennsylvania, he scored 100 points, shot 36 of 63 from the field, and made 28 of 32 free throws against the New York Knicks. <mask>'s 4,029 regular-season points made him the only player to break the 4,000-point barrier; the only other player to break the 3,000-point barrier is Michael Jordan, with 3,041 points in the 1986–87 NBA

masks: Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts:
 season. <mask> once again broke the 2,000-rebound barrier with 2,052. Additionally, he was on the hardwood for an average of 48.53 minutes, playing 3,882 of his team's 3,890 minutes. Because <mask> played in overtime games, he averaged more minutes per game than the regulation 48; in fact, <mask> would have reached the 3,890-minute mark if he had not been ejected in one game after picking up a second technical foul with eight minutes left to play.His extraordinary feats in the 1962 season were later subject of the 2005 book Wilt, 1962 by Gary M. Pomerantz, who used <mask> as a metaphor for the uprising of Black America. In addition to <mask>'s regular-season accomplishments, he scored 42 points in the 1962 NBA All-Star Game, a record that stood until broken by Anthony Davis in 2017. In the 1962 NBA playoffs, the Warriors met the Boston Celtics again in the Eastern Division Finals, a team which Bob Cousy and Bill Russell called the greatest Celtics team of all time. Each team won their home games, so the series was split at three after six games. In a closely contested Game 7, <mask> tied the game at 107 with 16 seconds to go, but Celtics shooting guard Sam Jones hit a clutch shot with two seconds left to win the series for Boston. In later years, <mask> was criticized for averaging 50 points but not winning a title. In his defense, Warriors coach Frank McGuire said that "Wilt has been simply super-human", and pointed out the Warriors lacked a consistent second scorer, a playmaker, and a second big man to take pressure off <mask>.1962–63 NBA season

In the 1962–63 NBA season, Gottlieb sold the Warriors franchise for $850,000


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 (equal to about $ today) to a group of businessmen led by Marty Simmons from San Francisco, and the team relocated to become the San Francisco Warriors under a new coach, Bob Feerick. This also meant that the team broke apart, as Paul Arizin chose to retire rather than move away from his family and his job at IBM in Philadelphia, and Tom Gola was homesick, requesting a trade to the lowly New York Knicks halfway through the season. With both secondary scorers gone, <mask> continued his array of statistical feats, averaging 44.8 points and 24.3 rebounds per game that year. Despite his individual success, the Warriors lost 49 of their 80 games and missed the playoffs. 1963–64 NBA season
In the 1963–64 NBA season, <mask> got yet another new coach, Alex Hannum, and was joined by a promising rookie center, Nate Thurmond, who eventually entered the Hall of Fame. Ex-soldier Hannum, who later entered the Basketball Hall of Fame as a coach, was a crafty psychologist who emphasized defense and passing. Most importantly, he was not afraid to stand up to the dominant <mask>, who was known to not communicate with coaches he did not like.Backed up by valuable rookie Thurmond, <mask> had another good season with 36.9 points per game and 22.3 rebounds per game, and the Warriors went all the way to the 1964 NBA Finals. In that series, they succumbed to Russell's Boston Celtics yet again, this time losing 4–1. As Cherry remarked, not only <mask> but Hannum in particular deserved much credit because he had basically had taken the bad 31–49 squad of last year, plus Thurmond, and made it into an NBA Finalist. 1964–65 NBA season
In the summer of 1964,

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title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts:
 <mask>, one of the prominent participants at the famed Rucker Park basketball court in New York City, made the acquaintance of a tall, talented 17-year-old who played there. Soon, the young Lew Alcindor was allowed into his inner circle, and quickly idolized the ten-year older NBA player. <mask> and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, as Alcindor would name himself later, would develop an intensely personal antipathy. In the following 1964–65 NBA season, the Warriors got off to a terrible start and ran into financial trouble.At the 1965 NBA All-Star Weekend, <mask> was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers, the new name of the relocated Syracuse Nationals. In return, the Warriors received Paul Neumann, Connie Dierking, Lee Shaffer (who opted to retire rather than report to the Warriors), and $150,000 (equal to about $ today). When <mask> left the Warriors, owner Franklin Mieuli said: "<mask> is not an easy man to love ... the fans in San Francisco never learned to love him. Wilt is easy to hate ... people came to see him lose." Philadelphia 76ers (1965–1968)

1964–65 NBA season with the 76ers
After the trade, <mask> found himself on a promising Sixers team that included guards Hal Greer, a future Hall-of-Famer, and talented role players Larry Costello, Chet Walker, and Lucious Jackson. Cherry remarks that there was a certain tension within the team, as Greer was the formerly undisputed leader and was not willing to give up his authority, and Jackson, a talented center, was now forced to play power forward because <mask> blocked the center spot; however, as the season progressed, the three began to mesh better. He did not care for the Sixers' coach


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: Dolph Schayes because in his view Schayes had made several disrespectful remarks when they were rival players in the NBA.Statistically, <mask> was again outstanding, posting 34.7 points per game and 22.9 rebounds per game overall for the season. After defeating the Cincinnati Royals led by Oscar Robertson in the 1965 NBA playoffs, the Sixers met <mask>'s familiar rival, the Boston Celtics. The press called it an even matchup in all positions, even at center, where Bill Russell was expected to give <mask> a tough battle. The two teams split the first six games, and because of the better season record, the last game was held in the Celtics' Boston Garden. In that Game 7, both centers were marvelous, as <mask> scored 30 points and 32 rebounds, and Russell logged 16 points, 27 rebounds and eight assists. In the final minute, <mask> hit two clutch free throws and slam dunked on Russell, bringing Boston's lead down to 110–109 with five seconds left. Russell botched the inbounds pass, hitting a guy-wire over the backboard, and giving the ball back to the Sixers.Coach Schayes called timeout, and decided to run the last play over Hal Greer rather than <mask> because he feared the Celtics would intentionally foul him as he was a poor foul shooter. When Greer attempted to inbound the ball, John Havlicek stole it to preserve the Celtics' lead. For the fifth time in seven years, Russell's team deprived <mask> of the title. According to <mask>, that was the time that people started calling him a loser. In an April 1965 issue of Sports Illustrated, <mask> conducted an interview titled "My Life in a Bush League" where he criticized his fellow


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 players, coaches, and NBA administrators. <mask> later commented that he could see in hindsight how the interview was instrumental in damaging his public image. 1965–66 NBA season
In the 1965–66 NBA season, the Sixers experienced tragedy when Ike Richman, the Sixers' co-owner as well as <mask>'s confidant and lawyer, died of a coronary.The Sixers would post a 55–25 regular-season record, and for his strong play, <mask> won his second MVP award. In that season, <mask> again dominated his opposition by recording 33.5 points and 24.6 rebounds a game, leading the league in both categories. In one particular game, <mask> blocked a dunk attempt by Gus Johnson so hard that he dislocated Johnson's shoulder. Off the court, <mask>'s commitment to the cause was doubted, as <mask> was a late sleeper, lived in New York, preferring to commute to Philadelphia rather than live there, and was only available during the afternoon for training. Because Schayes did not want to risk angering his best player, he scheduled the daily workout at 4 P.M. This angered the team, who preferred an early schedule to have the afternoon off, but Schayes just said: "There is no other way." Irv Kosloff, who now owned the Sixers alone after Richman's death, pleaded with <mask> to move to Philadelphia during the season, but was turned down.In the 1966 NBA playoffs, the Sixers again met the Celtics, and for the first time had home-court advantage. Despite this, Boston easily won the first two games on the road, winning 115–96 and 114–93; while <mask> played within his usual range, his supporting cast shot under 40%. This caused sports journalist Joe McGinnis to

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 comment: "The Celtics played like champions and the Sixers just played." In Game 3, <mask> scored 31 points and 27 rebounds for an important road win, and the next day, coach Schayes planned to hold a joint team practice. <mask> said he was too tired to attend, and even refused Schayes' plea to at least show up and shoot a few foul shots with the team. In Game 4, Boston won 114–108. Prior to Game 5, <mask> was nowhere to be found, skipping practice and being non-accessible.Outwardly, Schayes defended his star center as "excused from practice", but his teammates knew the truth and were much less forgiving. In Game 5 itself, <mask> was superb, scoring 46 points and grabbing 34 rebounds, but the Celtics won the game 120–112 and the series. Cherry is highly critical of <mask> because, while conceding he was the only Sixers player who performed in the series, he pointed out his unprofessional, egotistical behavior as being a bad example for his teammates. 1966–67 NBA season: first championship season
Prior to the 1966–67 NBA season, the friendly yet unassertive Schayes was replaced by a familiar face, the crafty but firm Alex Hannum. In what Cherry calls a tumultuous locker room meeting, Hannum addressed several key issues he observed during the last season, several of them putting <mask> in an unfavorable light. Sixers forward Chet Walker testified that on several occasions, players had to pull <mask> and Hannum apart to prevent a fistfight. Fellow forward Billy Cunningham observed that Hannum "never backed down" and "showed who was the boss."By doing this, he won <mask>'s respect. When emotions cooled off, Hannum pointed out to


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: <mask> that he was on the same page in trying to win a title; but to pull this off, like his teammates, he had to "act like a man" both on and off the court. Concerning basketball, he persuaded him to change his style of play. Loaded with several other players who could score, such as future Hall-of-Famers Hal Greer and newcomer Billy Cunningham, Hannum wanted <mask> to concentrate more on defense. As a result of his style of play change, <mask> was less dominant, taking only 14% of the team's shots (in his 50.4 points per game season, it was 35.3%) but extremely efficient, as he averaged a career-low 24.1 points. Nevertheless, he led the league in rebounds (24.2), ended third in assists (7.8), had a record-breaking .683 field goal accuracy, and played strong defense. His efficiency that season was reflected by a streak of 35 consecutive made field goals over the course of four games in February.For these feats, <mask> earned his third MVP award. The Sixers charged their way to a then-record 68–13 season, including a record 46–4 start. In addition, the formerly egotistical <mask> began to praise his teammates, lauding hardworking Luke Jackson as the "ultimate power forward", calling Hal Greer a deadly jumpshooter, and point guard Wali Jones an excellent defender and outsider scorer. Off the court, <mask> invited the team to restaurants and paid the entire bill, knowing he earned 10 times more than all the others. Greer, who was considered a consummate professional and often clashed with him because of his attitude, spoke positively of the new <mask>: "You knew in a minute the Big Fella [<mask>] was ready to go ... and everybody


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: would follow." The Sixers' 1966–67 NBA season was a remarkable season, as recounted by writer Wayne Lynch in Season of the 76ers, his 2002 book centered on <mask>. The Sixers got the best regular-season record and <mask> won his first NBA championship, with <mask> himself describing the team as the best in NBA history.In the 1967 NBA playoffs, the Sixers yet again battled the Boston Celtics in the Eastern Division Finals, and again held home-court advantage. In Game 1, the Sixers beat Boston 127–112, powered by Hal Greer's 39 points and <mask>'s unofficial quadruple double, with 24 points, 32 rebounds, 13 assists, and 12 unofficially counted blocks. In Game 2, the Sixers won 107–102 in overtime, and player-coach Russell grudgingly praised <mask> for intimidating the Celtics into taking low percentage shots from further outside. In Game 3, <mask> grabbed 41 rebounds and helped the Sixers win 115–104. The Celtics prevented a sweep by winning Game 4 with a 121–117 victory. In Game 5, the Sixers simply overpowered the Celtics 140–116, ending Boston's historic run of eight consecutive NBA titles. <mask> scored 29 points, 36 rebounds, and 13 assists, and was highly praised by Celtics Russell and K. C. Jones.In the 1967 NBA Finals, the Sixers were pitted against <mask>'s old team, the San Francisco Warriors of his one-time backup Nate Thurmond and star forward Rick Barry. The Sixers won the first two games, with <mask> and Greer taking credit for defensive dominance and clutch shooting, respectively, but San Francisco won two of the next three games, so Philadelphia was up 3–2 prior to Game 6. In Game 6, the Warriors were trailing


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 123–122 with 15 seconds left. For the last play, Thurmond and Barry were assigned to do a pick and roll against <mask> and whoever would guard Barry; however, the Sixers foiled it because when Barry ran past Thurmond's pick and drove to the basket, he was picked up by Chet Walker, making it impossible to shoot. Meanwhile Thurmond was covered by <mask>, which made it impossible to pass. Barry botched his shot attempt, and the Sixers won the championship. <mask>, who contributed with 17.7 points per game and 28.7 rebounds per game against fellow future Hall-of-Fame pivot Nate Thurmond, never failing to snare at least 23 rebounds in the six games, said: "It is wonderful to be a part of the greatest team in basketball ... being a champion is like having a big round glow inside of you."1967–68 NBA season
In the 1967–68 NBA season, matters continued to turn sour between <mask> and the Sixers' sole surviving owner, Irv Kosloff. This conflict had been going along for a while. In 1965, <mask> asserted that he and the late Richman had worked out a deal which would give him 25% of the franchise once he ended his career. Although there is no written proof for or against, ex-Sixers coach Dolph Schayes and Sixers lawyer Alan Levitt assumed <mask> was correct. In any case, Kosloff declined the request, leaving <mask> livid and willing to jump to the rival ABA once his contract ended in 1967. Kosloff and <mask> worked out a truce, and later signed a one-year, $250,000 contract. On the hardwood, <mask> continued his focus on team play and registered 24.3 points and 23.8 rebounds a game for the season.On March 18, 1968, <mask> reportedly had a

masks: Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: quintuple-double with 53 points, 32 rebounds, 14 assists, 24 blocks, and 11 steals in a 158–128 victory against the Lakers. <mask> also recorded the most points in a triple double, an NBA record broken by Russell Westbrook in 2017 and improved by James Harden in 2018. The 76ers had the best record in the league for the third straight season. <mask> also made history by becoming the only center in NBA history to finish the season as the leader in assists, his 702 beating runner-up, Hall-of-Fame point guard Lenny Wilkens' total by 23. <mask> likened his assist title to legendary home-run hitter Babe Ruth leading the league in sacrifice bunts, and he dispelled the myth that he could not and would not pass the ball. For these feats, <mask> won his fourth and final MVP title. Another landmark was his 25,000th point, making him the first-ever player to score that many points; he gave the ball to his team physician Stan Lorber.Winning 62 games, the Sixers easily took the first playoff berth of the 1968 NBA playoffs. In the 1968 Eastern Division Semifinals, they were pitted against the New York Knicks. In a physically tough matchup, the Sixers lost sixth man Billy Cunningham with a broken hand, and <mask>, Greer and Jackson were struggling with inflamed feet, bad knees, and pulled hamstrings, respectively. Going ahead 3–2, the Sixers defeated the Knicks 115–97 in Game 6 after <mask> scored 25 points and 27 rebounds; he had a successful series in which he led both teams in points (153), rebounds (145), and assists (38). In the 1968 Eastern Division Finals, the Sixers yet again met the Boston Celtics, again with home-court advantage, and


title: Wilt Chamberlain

texts: this time as reigning champions. Despite the Sixers' injury woes, coach Hannum was confident to "take the Celtics in less than seven games", and he pointed out the age of the Celtics, who were built around Bill Russell and guard Sam Jones, both 34. On April 4, national tragedy struck with the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. With eight of the ten starting players on the Sixers and Celtics being African-American, both teams were in deep shock, and there were calls to cancel the series.In a game called "unreal" and "devoid of emotion", the Sixers lost 127–118 on April 5. After attending the funeral of Martin Luther King Jr., <mask> called out to the angry rioters who were setting fires all over the country, stating King would not have approved. In Game 2, Philadelphia evened the series with a 115–106 victory, and won Games 3 and 4, with <mask> suspiciously often played by Celtics backup center Wayne Embry, causing the press to speculate Russell was worn down. Prior to Game 5, the Celtics seemed done, as no NBA team had overcome a 3–1 series deficit before, yet the Celtics rallied back, winning Games 5 and 6 122–104 and 114–106, respectively, powered by a spirited John Havlicek and helped by the Sixers' terrible shooting. What followed was the first of three consecutive controversial and painful Game 7s in which <mask> played. In that Game 7, the Sixers could not get their act together and 15,202 stunned Philadelphia fans witnessed a historic 100–96 defeat, making it the first time in NBA history a team lost a series after leading three games to one. Although Cherry points out that the Sixers shot badly (Hal Greer, Wali

masks: Chamberlain Chamberlain Chamberlain