title: Freddy Shepherd

texts:
 training ground has been notorious in the past for its unkempt state and for causing injuries to first team players. Newcastle supporter protest
Following the defeat to Sheffield United on 4 November 2006, more than 2,000 fans protested outside St James' Park, calling for his resignation. Websites such as True Faith and United For Change led a supporter campaign against him.Protests were again held after the club's defeat to Blackburn Rovers on 5 May 2007, after which Glenn Roeder resigned. Michael Owen rumours
In May 2007, shortly after sacking Roeder as manager of the club, <mask> attacked Michael Owen's adviser for revealing a clause in his contract which said that he could be sold for £9 million if the club failed to qualify for Europe. He alleged that they were trying to engineer his sale to one of the four leading clubs in the Premier League, preferably Liverpool or Manchester United. On 11 May 2007, <mask> was filmed joking with friend and Geordie con artist Steve MacNeish through his car window, stating that Owen himself was not the problem and that his advisers were the ones causing upheaval. The video was later published on YouTube. Sale of Newcastle United
In May 2007, <mask> was shocked to learn that billionaire businessman Mike Ashley had purchased the Hall family's 41.6% shareholding for £55m. This followed numerous previous bid negotiations from which nothing had materialised.Under Stock Exchange rules Ashley then had to submit an offer for the remaining shares. Should he go over 50%, <mask> would no longer be in control of the club and Ashley would be able to replace the board. <mask> initially came out fighting, but later agreed to meet with Ashley and the

masks: Shepherd Shepherd Shepherd Shepherd Shepherd


title: Freddy Shepherd

type: original

texts:
 board on 29 May. On 7 June 2007, Mike Ashley had a bid accepted by <mask> to buy his shares and in his role as chairman of the board <mask> also advised the remaining shareholders to sell to Ashley. <mask> had been suffering from poor health over the previous six months, resulting in hospitalisation due to pneumonia and a collapsed lung, he was being treated at the time the Hall family publicly announced the sale of their shares to Ashley. On 24 July 2007, it was announced that <mask> was stepping down with immediate effect, to be replaced by deputy chairman Chris Mort. Reported 2009 bid for Newcastle United
Following Newcastle's relegation and the announcement by Mike Ashley that the club was up for sale, <mask> was instantly linked with a possible buy-out.<mask> had said, "never say never" on the issue of re-buying Newcastle, however on 30 June 2009 it was reported that <mask> had launched a £60million bid to buy the club from Ashley. On 1 November 2010 reports circulated that <mask> was planning on making an offer for the club and returning to Newcastle as owner three years after selling it. This was later denied by the club; however, <mask> would not comment on the matter. Death
<mask> died in his sleep at his home in Jesmond on 25 September 2017. He was 75 years old. References

External links
<mask> Talks To Bobby Moncur – Part I NUFC.com – First broadcast on Century FM, 25 January 2001
Newcastle United – Football Finances – Detail of <mask>'s Newcastle United shareholdings, 30 June 2009
 The Independent, 19 March 1998 – <mask>'s apology to Newcastle women

1941 births
2017 deaths
Newcastle United F.C. directors and chairmen
People from Gilsland
20th-century English

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Freddy Shepherd
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Shepherd
Shepherd
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title: Leona Maguire

texts:
<mask> (born 30 November 1994) is an Irish professional golfer. She was ranked 1st in the world on the women's World Amateur Golf Ranking from May 2015 until May 2016 and then from August 2016 until February 2018. Maguire's 135 weeks at the top is the longest in history. She holds many other records including the lowest ever score in the final round of a major by any golfer, male or female, and the joint lowest round in the history of golf's major grand slam tournament rounds, both male and female, with a score of 61. She broke the all-time rookie points record in either the Solheim Cup or the Ryder Cup with a total of 4.5 points (2 points better than anybody else in the 2021 Solheim Cup), which helped Europe to narrowly win the cup 15-13. A native of County Cavan, at the age of 9, she gave up a promising swimming career to concentrate on golf. She is 15 minutes younger than her twin sister, <mask>, who was also a professional golfer she retired in 2019.On 5 February 2022 she made history by becoming the first Irish woman to win an event on the LPGA Tour. She won the LPGA Drive On Championship by three strokes. Amateur career
On 10 September 2005, she won the 10th HSBC British Wee Wonders Championship by 11 shots at the Balgove Course, St Andrews, Scotland, with a finishing round of 61. On 13 November she finished runner-up to her sister Lisa in the Young Masters Golf Junior Series at La Manga in Spain. On 21 May 2008, she won the Lancome Irish Women's Amateur Close Championship at Westport, County Mayo. In January 2011, Maguire won the Portuguese International Ladies Amateur Championship by 15 strokes. Later that same year, Maguire won the Irish Women's Open Strokeplay title.2012
On 22 April, Maguire became the first Irish golfer to win the Irish Girls Open Strokeplay championship, held at Roganstown Golf Club. She beat an international field by eight shots. On 10 June, she was part of the Great

masks:
Leona Maguire
Lisa Maguire


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 Britain & Ireland Curtis Cup team which defeated the USA at Nairn, Scotland by 10.5 points to 9.5 points. On 20 June, Maguire won the Irish Women's Amateur Close Championship at the County Louth Golf Club, for the second time in her career. 2014
Maguire left secondary school at Loreto College, Cavan in Ireland with top scholastic honours and joined Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, U.S.

2015
Maguire commenced the year in spectacular form in NCAA college golf, shooting up to first place in the World Amateur Golf Ranking by mid-May. In the Darius Rucker Intercollegiate held at Hilton Head, South Carolina, on 8 March, she came first with rounds of 73, 65, 69. In the ACC Championship held at Greensboro, North Carolina on 19 April, she won with rounds of 68, 68, 70.In the NCAA South Regional held at the Warren Golf course, South Bend, Indiana on 9 May, she won again with rounds of 72, 68, 72, thus helping Duke win the NCAA South Bend Regional title. On 6 May, she was voted the ACC (Atlantic Coast Conference) Player of the Year and ACC Freshman of the Year. She was also picked for the ACC All-Star team. She also won ACC Golfer of the Month awards for both March and April. On 25 May, she won the 2015 Annika Award for the best golfer of the year in American college women's golf. On 20 May, she was chosen as a member of the South Bend Region All-Star team. On 26 May, Leona was honoured both as the WGCA Player of the Year and Freshman of the Year for 2015 and was also chosen on the 2015 WGCA All-American team.She was also the recipient of the 2014–15 Golfstat Cup presented to the player who has the best scoring average. <mask>'s stroke average of 70.78 was the best in the history of Duke University women's golf. She also tied the Duke record of 24 par rounds or better in a season and tied the Duke record for most wins in a season with three. At the British Ladies Amateur held at Portstewart, County


title: Leona Maguire

texts: Londonderry, Northern Ireland on 11–13 June, Maguire won the stroke play part of the competition, finishing 6 strokes ahead of the field with rounds of 67, 68. She also helped Ireland to win the international team event. On 25 June, Maguire was named on the 2015 All-ACC Academic Team which recognises academic excellence as well as athletic excellence. In June Maguire won the Golfweek National Player of the Year award and also was selected to Golfweek First Team All-America.On 6 July <mask> was named on the WGCA 2015 All-American Scholar Team. On 27 July, Maguire represented Great Britain & Ireland in the Vagliano Trophy against Europe, held at Malone Golf Club, Belfast, Northern Ireland. Europe won 12 1/2 points to 11 1/2. <mask> was undefeated, contributing 3 1/2 points of the GB & Ireland total. <mask> was invited as a guest amateur to play in the European Ladies Tour's ISPS Handa Ladies European Masters held at Buckinghamshire Golf Club, Denham, England on 2–5 July. Maguire stunned the professionals by finishing second, just one shot off the lead with rounds of 69, 70, 69, 69. As an amateur Maguire could not accept the 2nd place prize money of €50,000.In her last seven stroke play competitions, she finished 1st, 3rd, 1st, 1st, 2nd, 1st and 2nd. On 20 August 2015, Maguire was awarded the Mark H. McCormack Medal given annually to the number one ranked female amateur player in the world. Maguire was invited to play in the fifth and final major of the year, The Evian Championship held at Evians Golf Club, Evian Les Bains, France, on 10–13 September. Maguire finished as leading amateur and became the first woman ever from the Republic of Ireland to make the cut in a major. As an amateur Maguire could not accept her prize money of €18,648, meaning she has forfeited over €68,000 in prize money in 2015. Although still an amateur and having only played a couple of professional tournaments in 2015, Maguire

masks: Maguire Maguire Maguire


title: Leona Maguire

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 was ranked in the top 300 of the Women's World Golf Rankings. In September Maguire was awarded the European Ladies' Amateur Golf Ranking's gold medal.2016

On 12 June 2016 at Dún Laoghaire Golf Club, Maguire was part of the Great Britain & Ireland team which defeated the USA in an 11½ to 8½ win in the 2016 Curtis Cup. She contributed 4 points to the winning total. On 21 June, Maguire was selected on the All-ACC Academic Team for the second year in a row. In June, Maguire was selected to Golfweek First Team All-America for the second straight season. On 5 Jul,y Maguire was selected for the 2015-16 WGCA All-American Scholars Team which recognises academic excellence as well as athletic excellence, for the second year in a row. On 31 July at the Woburn Golf and Country Club in England, Maguire won the Smyth Salver when she finished as the leading amateur at the Ricoh Women's British Open, one of the major championships. As an amateur, she forfeited her 25th place prize money of $25,500, after rounds of 71, 70, 68, 75.In the last 12 months, she forfeited over $100,000 in prize money as a result of her amateur status, despite playing only a handful of professional tournaments. As a result of the points earned at the British Open, she regained her world number one amateur ranking on 3 August 2016. On 15 August 2016, Maguire was awarded the Mark H. McCormack Medal given annually to the number one ranked female amateur player in the world. This is the second successive season <mask> has won the award. On 20 August Maguire finished 21st overall and was the leading amateur at the Rio Olympics Women's Golf for a two under par total of 282, with scores of 74, 65, 74, 69. On 17 September, <mask> helped Ireland to a third place bronze medal in the 2016 Espirito Santo Trophy held at Mayakoka El Camaleon Golf Club in Mexico. Maguire finished in a tie for 6th place in the individual rankings with rounds of 72, 70,

masks: Maguire Maguire


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 71, 69 for a 6-under-par total of 282.On 28 September, <mask> was awarded the European Ladies' Amateur Golf Ranking's gold medal for the second successive year. On 2 November, she helped Duke win the East Lake Cup held at East Lake Golf Club in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, beating Washington State in the final. On 28 November, Maguire was chosen as a member of the Global Golf Post All-Star amateur team of 2016. On 3 August, Maguire announced she would turn professional after the Brazil Olympics and would enter the LPGA Tour qualifying school in October. After successfully completing stage II at qualifying school, Maguire withdrew prior to stage III and stated she would return to Duke. 2017

Maguire was selected as ACC Golfer of the Month for April 2017, which is the sixth time she has won the monthly award in her college golf career. On 11 May, Maguire was voted the ACC Women's Golfer of the Year for the second time in her career and was also selected for the All-ACC Women's Golf Team for the third year in a row.Also on 11 May <mask> was selected for the College Sports Information Directors of America Academic All-District III Women's At-Large Team, which recognises the nation's top student-athletes for their combined performances athletically and in the classroom. On 23 May, Maguire was named the USA Women's Golf Coaches Association (WGCA) National Player of the Year for the second time in three years and became just the fifth player in history to win the award multiple times. She was also selected for the WGCA First Team All-Americans. On 24 May, Maguire was awarded the 2016-17 GolfStat Cup which is presented to the player with the best scoring average versus par with at least 20 full rounds played during a season. It was the second time in her career to win the cup. Maguire also finished in first place on the Golfweek/Sagarin women's college end of season rankings. On 8 June Maguire won the Annika Award


title: Leona Maguire

texts: for the second time, becoming the only person to win it twice.She was also selected on the CoSIDA Academic All-America® Division I Women's At-Large Team, only the second Duke golfer in history to be so. On 17 June, Maguire won the British Ladies Amateur Golf Championship for the first time, beating Ainhoa Olarra of Spain 3 & 2 in the matchplay final held at the  Pyle & Kenfig Golf Club, Waun-y-Mer, Wales. On 25 June, Maguire was named the ACC Women's Golf Scholar-Athlete of the Year and was also named to the All-ACC Academic Team for the third year in a row. On 28 June, Maguire won the Golfweek National Player of the Year award for the second time in her career and was also selected to Golfweek First Team All-America for the third straight season. On 6 July, Maguire represented Great Britain & Ireland in the Vagliano Trophy against Europe, held at Circolo Golf Bogogno, Italy. Europe won 15 points to 9. Maguire contributed 1 point of the GB & Ireland total.On 5 July, <mask> was selected for the Women's Golf Coaches Association (WGCA) All-American Scholars Team for the third year in a row. On 10 July Maguire was awarded the 2017 Edith Cummings Munson Golf Award by the Women's Golf Coaches Association (WGCA). She is only the second golfer in history to win both the Edith Cummings Munson Golf Award and the WGCA Player of the Year in the same season. On 6 August, at the Kingsbarns Golf Links, Scotland, Maguire made the cut and was runner-up for the Smyth Salver awarded to the leading amateur at the Ricoh Women's British Open, one of the major professional championships, after rounds of 69, 71, 70, 75. On 15 August 2017, Maguire was awarded the Mark H. McCormack Medal given annually to the number one ranked female amateur golf player in the world. This is the third successive season Maguire has won the award thus equalling the all-time record holder Lydia Ko. On 12 September, Maguire began the 2017-2018


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 College Golf season by winning the Jim West Challenge at The Fazio Course at The Club at Carlton Woods, The Woodlands, Texas, USA.Her rounds of 67, 63, 70 for a total of 200 included the lowest round of her career, a 63, which is the second lowest round in the history of Duke University, one  stroke behind Liz Janangelo's 62. <mask>'s 36-hole and 54-hole totals of 130 & 200 also broke the Duke all-time scoring records for two and three rounds. Her 13-under par total of 200 also broke the tournament all-time record. She also helped Duke win the team title at the tournament as well as setting a new school team scoring record of 33-under par total of 819. Duke also set a new Jim West Challenge tournament record for under par (-33) and 54-hole score (819). This is <mask>'s fifth title of the calendar year 2017.player - Jim West Challenge

On 22 October, Maguire qualified to play in the professional Symetra Tour in 2018 by finishing in ninth place at the LPGA Qualifying Tournament (Stage II) with rounds of 70, 69, 70, 72. She finished as the second highest amateur.On 9 November <mask> was selected as ACC Golfer of the Month for November 2017, which is the eight time she has won the monthly award in her college golf career. On 27 November Maguire was named 2017 Global Golf Post Female Amateur of the Year. She was also chosen as a member of the Global Golf Post All-Star amateur team of 2017, the third year in a row that she has been selected. 2018
On 31 January, Maguire broke Lydia Ko's record for the most weeks at the top of the World Amateur rankings, with 131 weeks. On 28 February, Maguire was named as an honorary recipient of the ACC Weaver-James-Corrigan postgraduate scholarship, which is awarded to selected student-athletes who intend to pursue a graduate degree following completion of their undergraduate requirements. On 14 April at the Liz Murphey Collegiate Classic in Athens, Georgia, Maguire broke


title: Leona Maguire

texts: the all-time ACC record of most even or under par rounds in a college career. Her record of 80 even or under par rounds (she eventually finished her college career with 87 such rounds, the second best in NCAA history) also breaks the Duke record held by Amanda Blumenherst.On 23 April, <mask> claimed her third win of the 2017–18 college season by winning the ACC Championship for the third time in her career, which matches the all-time record of Amanda Blumenherst. She finished with a total of 210 and won on the third hole of a playoff against Duke teammate Jaravee Boonchant. She also helped Duke to win the ACC team title for the second year in a row. Maguire also matched the Duke 18-hole record for the ACC Championship with a five-under 67. It tied Brittany Lang (2004 on par 71) and Maria Garcia-Estrada (2000 on par 72). Her round of 67 also broke the ACC Championship course record at Grandover Resort. On 23 April Maguire was presented with the Duke University Lifetime Achievement Award.On 3 May, <mask> broke the all-time record for most ACC Golfer of the Month awards when she was selected for the ninth time. On 4 May <mask> was voted the Atlantic Coast Conference Women's Golfer of the Year for the third time in her career. She was also chosen for the All-ACC Team for the fourth time in her career. On 8 May Maguire broke the all-time Duke University record of most rounds in the 60s. Her score of 65 at the 2018 NCAA Women's Regional Championship, held at the University Ridge Golf Course, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, was the 31st of her career in college golf, beating Amanda Blumenherst's record of 30. On 10 May, Maguire was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa, America's oldest academic honor society. On 11 May, Maguire was awarded the ACC Plaque for Excellence, Scholarship and Athletics.<mask>'s final 70.97 college career scoring average is the best in NCAA history for any female golfer with at least 100 rounds.

masks: Maguire Maguire Maguire Maguire


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 On 22 May, <mask> was selected for the USA Women's Golf Coaches Association (WGCA) All-Americans First Team. On 23 May Maguire was selected CoSIDA Academic All-District III for the second straight year. She was recognised for obtaining a 3.943 grade-point average along with a degree in psychology and a certificate in markets and management studies. On 9 June, Maguire was selected to Golfweek First Team All-America for the fourth season in a row. On 13 June, Maguire selected on the CoSIDA Academic All-America® Women's At-Large Team for the second year in a row with a Grade Point Average of 3.94 or A. On 20 June, Maguire was named the ACC Women's Golf Scholar-Athlete of the Year for the second year in a row and was also named to the All-ACC Academic Team for the fourth year in a row.On 4 July, <mask> was selected for the 2017-18 WGCA All-American Scholars Team which recognises academic excellence as well as athletic excellence, for the fourth year in a row, a Duke University record. On 6 July, <mask> was selected on the annual ACC Honor Roll for the fourth year in a row. On 12 July Maguire was awarded the 2018 Edith Cummings Munson Golf Award by the Women's Golf Coaches Association (WGCA) for the second year in a row. Amateurgolf.com selected her as the second best female amateur golfer of the last ten years. Golfweek selected Maguire as the best women's college golfer of the last decade. Professional career

2018
On 5 June 2018, Maguire turned professional. Both herself and her twin sister Lisa Maguire signed to singer Niall Horan's golf management company Modest!Golf and also signed sponsorship deals with Puma, Ping, Allianz and KPMG. She will be based in Scottsdale, Arizona. On 8 June, <mask> made her professional debut on the LPGA Tour at the ShopRite LPGA Classic in Galloway, New Jersey, USA. She finished in 15th place with rounds of 69, 67, 69, including the first eagle of her professional


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 career, and received prize money of $24,891.00. Her ranking on the World Women's Golf Ranking at the start of her professional career before the tournament was 614. As of 11 June, her world ranking is 442, a huge jump of 172 places in a week. On 15 June, <mask> made her debut on the Symetra Tour at the Decatur-Forsyth Classic in Decatur, Illinois, USA.She finished in third place with rounds of 69, 68, 69, including the first hole-in-one of her professional career and received prize money of $6,574. Her first six rounds as a professional have all been in the 60s. As of 18 June, her world ranking is 414, a jump of 28 places from the previous week. On 23 November, Maguire made her professional debut on the Ladies European Tour at the Andalucia Costa Del Sol Open De España Femenino in La Quinta Golf Resort in Spain. She finished in 18th place with rounds of 71, 72, 73, 69 and received prize money of €4,575. On 20 December, Maguire secured her Category 5c status card for the 2019 Ladies European Tour by finishing 5th in the Qualifying Finals Lalla Aicha Tour School at Marrakesh, Morocco, with rounds of 68, 70, 70, 72, 67. 2019

On 1 April, Maguire moved into the top 300 on the world ranking list for the first time as a professional, after finishing fourth in the IOA Championship on the Symetra Tour.She led the tournament after two rounds. On 7 April <mask> won her first professional tournament at the Windsor Golf Classic in Windsor, California. Her total of 204 with rounds of 70, 69, 65 took her into a playoff which she won at the first hole with a birdie. She won prize money of $22,500. On 1 May, Maguire broke the course record at the LET Omega Dubai Moonlight Classic on the Faldo Course at Emirates Golf Club in Dubai. Her round of 64 was the lowest in her professional career. She finished the tournament in the top five.On 6 May <mask> won the U.S. Women's Open  qualifying tournament at Pinnacle Creek


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 Country Club in Arizona, USA with rounds of 66, 68. On 11 May Maguire reached the playoff of the Symetra Tour IOA Invitational at Milton, Georgia. She finished in second place after the playoff. On 17 May, Maguire moved into the top 175 on the world ranking list for the first time as a professional, after winning the Symetra Classic held in Davidson, North Carolina. Her total of 206 with rounds of 70, 69, 67, gave her a five stroke lead and prize money of $26,250. She is ranked number 1 on the Symetra Tour Official Money List and number 1 on scoring averages with 69.789. This was the seventh time she carded a top-five finish in her last eight tournaments.Maguire's new world ranking of 174 means she has jumped 440 places since turning professional. On 6 October, Maguire secured her LPGA Tour card for the 2020 season by finishing seventh on the money list on the Symetra Tour. Her total Symetra Tour career prize money was $120,760. She joins her compatriot Stephanie Meadow, the first time in history Ireland has two professionals on the LPGA Tour. 2020

Maguire was ranked 100 on the LPGA Priority List for the 2020 season. On 23 January, Maguire made her LPGA Tour debut at the Gainbridge LPGA at Boca Rio in Boca Raton, Florida. On 9 February Maguire achieved her first top five finish as an LPGA professional with a fourth place in the ISPS Handa Vic Open at the 13th Beach Golf Links on the Bellarine Peninsula in Victoria, finishing just one shot off the lead.She won $52,000 and moved up 62 places in the world ranking list. On 13 September, Maguire recorded her highest ever placing in a professional golf major with 18th place in the ANA Inspiration at Rancho Mirage, California, U.S. This was also the highest placing in a professional golf major by a professional female golfer from the Republic of Ireland. As well as prize money of $39,726 the result pushed <mask> to number one place on the LPGA Putting


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 Average rankings. Her world ranking is now 168, a rise of 446 places since she turned professional. Maguire ended the year ranked number one on the LPGA Putting Average statistics list with an average of 28.69 putts per round, the first Irish golfer to achieve first place and also the first alumna from Duke University to do so. She finished ahead of second place Inbee Park, the former world number one and seven-time major winner.She also secured her tour card for 2021 as well as finishing in the top 11 on the Tour for Driving Accuracy and Putts per GIR. 2021

On 17 April, Maguire achieved her highest placing in a LPGA Tour event and also the highest ever by any Irish female golfer, with joint second at the Lotte Championship, held in Kapolei, Oahu, Hawaii. She won her biggest-ever career prize money of $125,834 with rounds of 68, 67, 65, 67, including two eagles. Her score of 267 was the lowest tournament total in her professional career and her third round score of 65 was the lowest in her LPGA career. As a result, she broke into the top 100 on the Women's World Golf Rankings for the first time, ranked 93. On 10 June, Maguire equalled the tournament record lowest round score, with a 65 at the LPGA Mediheal Championship held at the Lake Merced Golf Club, Daly City, California, which meant she was the overnight leader. She finished the event in the top-10.She earned prize money of $29,513 and boosted her world ranking to its highest ever position of 88th place. On 20 June, <mask> had the biggest payday of her career at the Meijer LPGA Classic at the Blythefield Country Club, Grand Rapids, Michigan. She finished second to Nelly Korda with rounds of 65, 64, 70, 66, earning $214,000. <mask>'s second round score of 64 was the lowest in her LPGA career. She was the overnight leader after both the first and second rounds. Her 72 hole score of 265 was the lowest tournament total in her professional career


title: Leona Maguire

texts: and actually beat the existing tournament record until Korda set a new one. This was her fourth top-10 finish of the season.As a result, her world ranking was boosted to its highest ever position of 63rd place. On 27 June, Maguire recorded her highest ever placing in a professional golf major with 15th place in the KPMG Women's PGA Championship, held at the Atlanta Athletic Club, Johns Creek, Georgia. This was also the highest placing in a professional golf major by a professional female golfer from the Republic of Ireland. Her finish earned her prize money of $58,839 and pushed her world golf ranking up to 60th place, her highest ever. On 11 July, Maguire finished in the top 15 of the rain-shortened Marathon Classic at Sylvania, Ohio. Her prize money was $25,099 and her world ranking rose to 59th place. On 25 July, Maguire shot the lowest ever final round score, by any golfer male or female, in the history of the 756 major grand slam tournaments held so far (c. 50,000 individual final rounds) with a 61 in the last round of The Evian Championship.It was also the joint lowest of any round in the history of all golf's major grand slam tournaments, either male or female (c. 200,000 individual rounds). The other two joint record holders are Lee Jeong-eun and Kim Hyo-joo. It was also <mask>'s lowest ever round in her professional golf career. This helped her to finish tied for 6th, her first ever top-10 result in an LPGA major. It was also the highest placing in a professional golf major by a professional female golfer from the Republic of Ireland. Her prize money was $123,703 and her world golf ranking rose to 50th place, her highest ever. On 7 August <mask> participated in her second Olympic Games at the Kasumigaseki Country Club in Japan.She finished 23rd overall for a five under par total of 279, with scores of 71, 67, 70, 71. On 15 August, she achieved her sixth consecutive top 15 place on an LPGA


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 Tour event by finishing 15th in the Trust Golf Women's Scottish Open at Dumbarnie Links, Fife. As a result her world golf ranking rose to 48th place, her highest ever. She also passed the $1 million mark in career earnings. On 22 August, she achieved her seventh consecutive top 15 place at an LPGA Tour event by finishing 13th in the 2021 Women's British Open at Carnoustie Golf Links, Angus, Scotland. None of her last 29 rounds of golf have been over par. As a result, her world golf ranking rose to 43rd place, her highest ever.The following day, she was selected to represent Team Europe at the 2021 Solheim Cup. She is the first ever Irish representative to be selected. On 6 September 2021, Maguire broke the all-time rookie points record in either the Solheim Cup or the Ryder Cup with a total of 4.5 points (2 points better than anybody else in the 2021 Solheim Cup), which helped Europe to narrowly win the cup 15-13. On 11 November, Maguire broke both the tournament and course records at the Pelican Women's Championship in Belleair, Florida, US with a score of 62, the second lowest round of her professional career. She was the overnight leader for the fourth time on the 2021 LPGA Tour. Maguire finished the year as runner-up in the LPGA Rookie of the Year and 19th on the LPGA Money List with earnings of $885,141. She also secured her LPGA Tour card for the 2022 season.On 20 December, <mask> was named as the Irish Golf Writers’ Association Professional Player of the Year, only the second woman to be so honoured in the history of the award. In the end of year final Women's World Golf Rankings, <mask> achieved her highest ever position of 40th place, making her the 5th-best ranked European in those rankings. 2022
Maguire began her 2022 season at the Gainbridge LPGA at Boca Rio in Boca Raton, Florida, where she finished one stroke outside the top 20 places. As a result, she moved to number 37 on the Women's


title: Leona Maguire

texts:
 World Golf Ranking, her highest placing ever. On 5 February, <mask> became the first golfer from Ireland to win an LPGA tournament. At the LPGA Drive On Championship held in Fort Myers, Florida, USA, she gained a three-stroke victory over Lexi Thompson with rounds of 66, 65, 67 for an 18-under-par total of 198. She won $225,000, her biggest-ever prize money.As a result, she moved to number 20 on the world rankings, her highest placing ever. Her top-20 spot means she is the second-highest ranked European player in the world. <mask> has jumped 157 places on the rankings in the last 12 months. On 21 February, Maguire moved up to number 18 on the world rankings, her highest placing ever. Professional wins (3)

LPGA Tour (1)

Symetra Tour wins (2)

Results in LPGA majors
Results not in chronological order before 2019 or in 2020. LA = Low amateur

CUT = missed the half-way cut
NT = no tournament
"T" = tied

Summary

Most consecutive cuts made – 6 (2020 ANA – 2021 British, current)
Longest streak of top-10s – 1 (2021 Evian)

Team appearances
Amateur
Junior Ryder Cup (representing Europe): 2008
Junior Solheim Cup (representing Europe): 2009, 2011
Vagliano Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2009, 2011, 2015, 2017
Curtis Cup (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2010, 2012 (winners), 2016 (winners)
Espirito Santo Trophy (representing Ireland): 2010, 2012, 2016
European Ladies' Team Championship (representing Ireland ): 2011, 2013

Professional
Solheim Cup (representing Europe): 2021 (winners)

Solheim Cup record

References

External links

Irish female golfers
LPGA Tour golfers
Ladies European Tour golfers
Winners of ladies' major amateur golf championships
Olympic golfers of Ireland
Golfers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Golfers at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Solheim Cup competitors for Europe
Duke Blue Devils women's golfers
Sportspeople from County Cavan
Twin sportspeople
Twin people from


title: James Reeb

texts:
<mask> (January 1, 1927 – March 11, 1965) was an American Unitarian Universalist minister, pastor, and activist during the civil rights movement in Washington, D.C. and Boston, Massachusetts. While participating in the Selma to Montgomery marches actions in Selma, Alabama, in 1965, he was murdered by white segregationists, dying of head injuries in the hospital two days after being severely beaten. Three men were tried for <mask>'s murder but were acquitted by an all-white jury. His murder remains officially unsolved. Life and career
<mask> was born on January 1, 1927, in Wichita, Kansas, to Mae (Fox) and <mask>. He was raised in Kansas and Casper, Wyoming. He attended Natrona County High School and graduated in 1945, after which he joined the Army despite the fact that his commitment to the ministry made him exempt from service.After basic training, he was sent to Anchorage, Alaska, as a clerk typist for the headquarters of Special Troops. He was honorably discharged eighteen months later in December 1946 as Technical Sergeant, Third Class. After his time in the Army, <mask> continued his schooling. Initially, he attended classes in his home town at Casper Junior College, before moving on to St. Olaf College, in 1947, where he received his A.B. cum laude in 1950. He then entered Princeton Theological Seminary in Princeton, New Jersey, where he earned his B.D. in 1953.Three days later, <mask> was ordained a Presbyterian minister at the First Presbyterian Church of Casper. After this he accepted a position at the Philadelphia General Hospital as Chaplain to Hospitals for the Philadelphia Presbyter. To become a more effective counselor, he went back to school, enrolling at Conwell School of

masks:
James Joseph Reeb
Reeb
Reeb
Harry Reeb
Reeb
Reeb


title: James Reeb

texts: Theology, where he earned an S.T.M. in Pastoral Counseling in 1955. As a scholar of theology, <mask> grew away from traditionalist Presbyterian teachings and was drawn to the Unitarian Universalist church. In March 1957, he resigned his Presbyterian Chaplaincy and contacted the American Unitarian Association about transferring his fellowship from Presbyterian to Unitarian. <mask> appreciated the church's emphasis on social action, and he became active in the civil rights movement during the 1960s.Beginning in his new ministry, <mask> encouraged parishioners to participate in the movement as well. With his wife and four children, he lived in poor black neighborhoods where he felt he could do the most good. He took a job that would allow him to work closely with Philadelphia's poor community as a youth director for the West Branch Y.M.C.A. between 1957 and 1959. While at the Y.M.C.A. he abolished the racial quota system and started an integrated busing program to transport youth to and from the location. When he was granted preliminary fellowship by the Unitarians, he accepted an offer to be assistant minister of All Souls Church in Washington D.C. After three years of active service at All Souls Church, <mask> was fully ordained as a Unitarian Universalist minister in 1962.In 1964, he began as community relations director for the American Friends Service Committee's Boston Metropolitan Housing Program, focusing on desegregation. At the AFSC, <mask> and his staff advocated for the poor and pressed the city to enforce its housing code, protecting the rights of tenants of all races and backgrounds, particularly poor African and Hispanic Americans. The <mask>s were one of the few white families

masks: Reeb Reeb Reeb Reeb Reeb Reeb


title: James Reeb

texts:
 living in Roxbury. <mask>'s daughter Anne recollected that her father "was adamant that you could not make a difference for African-Americans while living comfortable in a white community." <mask> married Marie Deason on August 20, 1950; they had four children. Murder

As a member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), <mask> went to Selma to join the Selma to Montgomery marches, a series of protests for African-American voting rights that followed the murder of Jimmie Lee Jackson in Marion, Ala., by a law enforcement officer. <mask> was prompted by the Bloody Sunday attack by state troopers and sheriff's deputies on nonviolent demonstrators on March 7, 1965.After eating dinner at an integrated restaurant on March 9, <mask> and two other Unitarian ministers, Rev. Clark Olsen and Rev. Orloff Miller  were attacked by white men with clubs for their support of African-American rights. The black hospital in Selma did not have the facilities to treat him,. Two hours elapsed, and his condition deteriorated, before <mask> arrived at a Birmingham hospital — treatment was not available for him in much closer Montgomery — where doctors performed brain surgery. While <mask> was on his way to the hospital in Birmingham, civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. addressed a press conference lamenting the "cowardly" attack and asking all to pray for his protection. <mask> went into a coma and died two days later from his injuries.Little notice had been taken by the national press of the killing of Jimmie Lee Jackson. But <mask>'s death resulted in a national outcry against the activities of white racists in the Deep South. Tens of thousands held vigils in his honor. President Lyndon B.

masks:
James Reeb
Reeb
Reeb
Reeb
Reeb
Reeb
Reeb
Reeb
Reeb


title: James Reeb

texts: Johnson called <mask>'s widow and father to express his condolences, and on March 15 invoked <mask>'s memory when he delivered a draft of the Voting Rights Act to Congress. The same day, King eulogized <mask> at a ceremony at Brown's Chapel in Selma: "<mask> symbolizes the forces of good will in our nation. He demonstrated the conscience of the nation. He was  an attorney for the defense of the innocent in the court of world opinion.He was a witness to the truth that men of different races and classes might live, eat, and work together as brothers." And, King said, "<mask> says something to each of us, black and white alike—says that we must substitute courage for caution, says to us that we must be concerned not merely about who murdered him but about the system, the way of life." White supremacists in Alabama, however, reacted differently and tried to gaslight public understanding of how <mask> died. Selma Sheriff Jim Clark falsely stated in an open letter he wrote and distributed that <mask>, whom he identified as the "so-called minister," died after being "thrown out of one beer joint (then) coming out of another when he and his companions had a fight or were beaten by some men." Selma business leaders circulated printed material that falsely claimed <mask> had suffered only a minor injury in Selma and was subsequently killed by civil rights workers who crushed his skull out on a dark road. The Voting Rights Act was passed on August 6, 1965. In April 1965, four men - Elmer Cook, William Stanley Hoggle, Namon O'Neal Hoggle, and R.B.Kelley - were indicted in Dallas County, Alabama, for <mask>'s murder; three were acquitted after less than 90 minutes of deliberation by an all-white jury

masks:
Reeb
Reeb
Reeb
James Reeb
James Reeb
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Reeb
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Reeb


title: James Reeb

texts:
 she saw that night from the window of her business. In summary, she stated that Elmer Cook, William Stanley Hoggle, Duck Hoggle, and William Portwood assaulted Reverends <mask>, Olsen, and Miller. It was Elmer Cook who swung the club and struck <mask>. William Portwood died shortly after his last interview with NPR on September 30, 2017. Media portrayals
<mask> is portrayed by Jeremy Strong in the film Selma (2014). See also

Viola Liuzzo
List of unsolved murders

References

External links
 Martin Luther King Jr.’s "Eulogy for <mask>", Unitarian Universalist World
 "Interview with two <mask> children, who talk about their father's effect on the Civil Rights Movement", HMB Review, 12 November 2008

 "<mask>", Harvard Square Library
 <mask>, <mask> (1927-1965)" Martin Luther King Jr.: and the Global Freedom Struggle."The Rev. Clark Olsen's memories of the murder of <mask> in Selma in 1965." Unitarian Universalist World
 "<mask>" The King Center
 "Clark Olsen still weeps over killing of fellow minister" March 11, 2011, in Unpunished killings, by Jerry Mitchell
 "<mask>" Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia. Ferris State University
 "Dr. King Leads March at Selma; State Police End It Peaceably"  The New York Times on the web
 "Who was <mask>eb?" James Reeb Unitarian Universalist Congregation
 Touched by their family history, Rev. <mask>'s granddaughters <mask> and Corrie Lubenow have traveled to Selma to better understand his convictions and his sacrifice" Made in Wyoming: Our Legacy of Success. 1927 births
1965 deaths
1965 murders in the United States
20th-century Christian clergy
20th-century American clergy
Activists for African-American civil rights
United States Army personnel of World

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Reverend Reeb
Reeb
James Reeb
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Jim Reeb
James Reeb
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James Re
James Reeb
Leah Reeb


title: Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg

texts:
<mask>ia, was Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg from 1298 until his death. By the Golden Bull of 1356 he was acknowledged as Elector of Saxony and Marshal of the Holy Roman Empire. Life
<mask> was the eldest son of the Saxon duke Albert II (c. 1250 – 1298), who initially ruled jointly with his brother John I but gradually concentrated on the Ascanian Saxe-Wittenberg territory. <mask>'s father consolidated his position by marrying the Habsburg princess Agnes (1257–1322), a daughter of King <mask> of Germany, whom he had elected King of the Romans in 1273. Upon the death of Margrave Henry III of Meissen in 1288, Duke Albert II applied at his father-in-law King <mask> for the enfeoffment of his son and heir with the Saxon County palatine on the Unstrut river, which ensued a long lasting dispute with the eager clan of the Wettin dynasty. Albert's attempts to secure the succession in the lands of the extinct Saxon counts of Brehna were more successful: when their fiefs were reverted to the Empire in 1290, the king enfeoffed Albert's son <mask> . After <mask> of Habsburg had died, Duke Albert II on 27 April 1292 wielded the Saxon electoral vote, electing Adolf of Nassau.In 1295 he could again enlarge his Saxon territories, when he acquired the County of Gommern. In 1296 the Ascanian lands were finally divided into the duchies of Saxe-Wittenberg and Saxe-Lauenburg. Upon King Adolf's deposition and death in 1298, Albert II again exercised the Saxon electoral dignity by voting for his brother-in-law Albert I of Habsburg. Accession
Still a minor when his father died on 25 August 1298, <mask> succeeded as Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg under the tutelage of his mother Agnes of Habsburg acting as guardian and regent. She gradually introduced him to the business of government at the court of her brother, King Albert I, in preparation for his role as ruling duke.

masks:
Rudolf Ican
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf I
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf I


title: Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg

texts:
 <mask>'s first official act as holder of the electoral dignity of the Imperial Archmarshal (Archimarescallus) was the consent to King Albert's request to enfeoff the duchies of Austria and Styria to Albert's sons <mask>, Frederick the Fair and Leopold. When in February 1300, King Albert I tried to grant his eldest son <mask> sole possession of Austria, the ecclesiastical prince-electors refused and a military conflict erupted.Young <mask> of Saxe-Wittenberg, however, was not involved in this conflict; he remained under the care of his mother until 1302. In 1302, <mask> finally assumed the rule over Saxe-Wittenberg himself. Initially, he was anxious to further strengthen the country's sovereignty. To achieve this, he first of all had to make his Saxe-Lauenburg relatives, John II, Eric I, and Albert III agree that he, and not his eldest cousin John II, had inherited his father's rank as Saxon elector. Of great importance was <mask>'s vote in the Imperial election of 1308, upon the assassination of his uncle Albert I of Habsburg. After some time of back and forth negotiations, Count Henry of Luxembourg was elected on 27 November 1308. Duke <mask> voted for Henry and also assisted him by providing money and troops, earning him the goodwill of the newly elected emperor.Double election of 1314
Nevertheless, Henry of Luxembourg died on 23 August 1313 and the next election of the King of the Romans was held on 19 October 1314 in Sachsenhausen near Frankfurt. For the first time, two candidates in the election claimed to have won it, the Wittelsbach duke Louis the Bavarian and <mask>'s Habsburg cousin Frederick the Fair. Louis had received five of the seven votes, to wit that of Duke John II of Saxe-Lauenburg, rivallingly claiming the Saxon electoral dignity, Archbishop Baldwin of Trier, the legitimate King John of Bohemia, Archbishop Peter

masks:
Rudolf
Rudolf III
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf I
Rudolf


title: Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg

texts:
 of Mainz, and the Ascanian margrave Waldemar of Brandenburg. <mask>'s preferred candidate, the anti-king Frederick the Fair, received in the same election four of the seven votes, one each from the deposed King Henry of Bohemia, thereby illegitimately assuming electoral power, Archbishop Henry II of Cologne, Louis's brother Count Palatine <mask> of Bavaria, and <mask> himself, also claiming the Saxon electoral power. The two kings met in the Battle of Mühldorf on 28 September 1322; Louis of Bavaria emerged victoriously as the German king, he was eventually crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 1328. As a supporter of the Habsburg side, <mask> had to face the consequences: when in 1320, the Ascanian rulers of Brandenburg became extinct with the death of Margrave Henry the Younger, <mask>, who had administered Brandenburg as regent since 1319, claimed the margraviate as an Ascanian fief. King Louis, however, held that he could not grant the fief to an elector who had voted against him, and gave it to his own son, Louis V, to strengthen his dynasty's position.With the Margraviate of Brandenburg, Louis V also received the electoral vote and the post of an Imperial arch-chamberlain. Imperial politics

After these and other sanctions by the Wittelsbach emperor, Duke <mask> decided to subordinate himself and his brother Wenceslas to Louis for tactical reasons and attempted to prove himself as a true support. From then on, he acted as mediator in the ongoing disputes between various princes, which allowed him to build up useful connections. For example, he organised a meeting between six of the prince-electors promulgating the constitutional Declaration of Rhense in 1338. <mask>, on the other hand, had a friendly relationship with Pope Benedict XII, who had declared the emperor excommunicated. Thereafter, Louis finally changed his opinion of <mask>

masks:
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf I
Rudolf I
Rudolf I
Rudolf I
Rudolf
Rudolf


title: Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg

texts:
 and leased parts of the March of Lusatia, including the cities of Brietz, Fürstenwalde and Beeskow to him for a 12-year period. Under his mother's influence, he began the expulsion of Jews from Wittenberg, which continued until the middle of the 14th century.<mask> also outlawed the Slavic languages originally spoken in his territory. He founded the All Saints' Monastery in Wittenberg, from which the later All Saints' Church evolved. Around 1340, he built Wittenberg Castle as a suitable residence for himself and his descendants. In the 16th century, his Wettin successor Frederick III constructed a Renaissance castle on the foundations of <mask>'s castle. To cover the increasing cost of his Imperial policies, he began to sell rights, such as market rights, coinage rights, low justice, customs and escort rights. These rights were the roots of the first communal structures in the Wittenberg area. In 1306, he organised defensive and offensive alliances with several cities; the cities expanded these alliances in subsequent years.Charles IV
During his mediations, <mask> also built up a close relationship with the Bohemian court in Prague, which became apparent with the election of King John's son and heir, the Luxembourg prince Charles IV (1316-1378) as King of the Romans on 11 July 1346. Charles was crowned in Bonn on 26 November 1346, and Duke <mask> was the only elector who was present at this solemn ceremony. His close ties to Charles IV were rewarded when he received the Altmark territory in 1347, whereby the Elbe river became the boundary between Saxony and Brandenburg. In addition, he received the Imperial Forestry at Frankfurt an der Oder in 1348, as compensation for his expenses as elector. Under his direction, the Mecklenburg lords John I and Albert II became Dukes and Imperial Princes. However, his relation with Charles

masks:
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf I


title: Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg

texts:
 deteriorated when in 1350 Charles confirmed the Wittelsbach margrave Louis V as Elector of Brandenburg and Margrave of Lusatia. This confirmation aroused <mask>'s indignation and he temporarily withdrew from the Prague court.Both reconciled after Charles IV gave <mask> the Walchenhof Court in the Malá Strana district of Prague. <mask>'s greatest success came on 4 October 1355 when the emperor drafted the Golden Bull, the bulla aurea Saxonica, defining the future law of the Empire. This bull stipulated primogeniture for all electorates: they were declared indivisible; the eldest son inherits the entire principality, or, if an elector has no sons, an elector's younger brother inherits. A prince-elector could cast his vote from the age of 18 and rule the electorate from the age of 21. The Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg was confirmed as the Elector of Saxony. In return, the Saxe-Lauenburg branch of the House of Ascania finally lost all claims to the electoral vote and to the associated dignity of Imperial Archmarshal as well as the right to carry a sword in the imperial diet. <mask> died on 12 March 1356 in Wittenberg and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son Duke <mask> (c. 1307 – 1370).He was initially buried in the Wittenberg Franciscan Church; in 1883, his mortal remains were transferred to the All Saints' Church. The Saxe-Wittenberg branch of the Ascanian dynasty became extinct with the death of <mask>'s grandson Duke Albert III in 1412, whereafter the Wittenberg estates and the Saxon electoral dignity passed to the Wettin margraves of Meissen. Marriage and issue

<mask> I married three times:

In 1298 he married Margravine Jutta (Brigitte) of Brandenburg (died: 9 May 1328 in Wittenberg), a daughter of Margrave Otto V of Brandenburg. They had one son:
 Miesko ( – 1350), married Eudoxia

He married Agnes of Lindow-Ruppin in 1333 (18

masks:
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf
Rudolf I
Rudolf II
Rudolf
Rudolf


title: Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg

texts:
 December 1314 – 9 May 1343 in Wittenberg), the daughter of Count Ulrich of Lindow-Ruppin and the widow of Lord Henry II of Mecklenburg (d. 1329). They had the following children:
 William (died young)
 Wenceslaus I ( – 1388 in Celle), married on 23 January 1367 with Cecilia of Carrara ( – between 1430 and 1434), the daughter of Francesco I da Carrara of Padua
 Helena (died 2 April 1367), married in 1353 with John I of Hardeck, Burgrave of Magdeburg

References
 Jirí Louda and Michael Mac Lagan: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, Little, Brown and Company, London, 1999
 Johann Franzl: <mask> I., der erste Habsburger auf dem deutschen Thron
 Helmut Assing: Die frühen Brandenburger und ihre Frauen
 Meyner, Geschichte der Stadt Wittenberg, Hermann Neubürger, Dessau, 1845
 Ernst Zitzlaff: Die Begräbnisstätten Wittenbergs und ihre Denkmäler, P.Wunschmann Verlag, Wittenberg, 1896
 Samuel Schalscheleth: Historisch-geographische Beschreibung Wittenbergs und seiner Universität, Frankfurt and Leipzig, 1795
 Richard Erfurth: Geschichte der Stadt Wittenberg, Fr. Wattrodt Verlag, Wittenberg, 1910
 Heinrich Kühne: Die Askanier, Drei Kastanien Verlag, Wittenberg, 1999,
 Georg Hirschfeld: Geschichte der Sächsisch-Askanischen Kurfürsten, Julius Sittenfeld, Berlin, 1884
 Gottfried Wenz: Das Franziskanermönchskloster in Wittenberg, in: Fritz Bünger and Gottfried Wentz: Die Bistümer der Kirchenprovinz Magdeburg, vol. 3: Das Bistum Brandenburg, part 2, Walter de Gruyter & Co, Berlin, 1963, reprinted: 1941, p. 372 ff
 Lorenz Friedrich Beck: Herrschaft u. Territorium der Herzöge von Sachsen-Wittenberg (1212–1422), Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, Potsdam, 2000,

External links

 genealogie-mittelalter.de

Prince-electors of Saxony
Dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg
1280s births
Year of birth uncertain
1356 deaths
13th-century German nobility
14th-century


title: Steve McClaren

texts:
<mask> (born 3 May 1961) is an English professional football manager and former player. McClaren was assistant manager to Alex Ferguson at Manchester United from 1999 to 2001. His managerial career began at Middlesbrough in the Premier League. During his tenure, Middlesbrough won their first (and thus far only) major trophy, the League Cup in 2004. They were also UEFA Cup runners-up in 2006. He was appointed manager of the England national team in August 2006, but was dismissed a year later after England failed to qualify for UEFA Euro 2008, and was the subject of strong media criticism. In 2008, McClaren was appointed manager of Dutch club Twente, with whom he won the club's first ever Eredivisie championship in 2010.Soon afterwards he took over at VfL Wolfsburg in Germany, though he was dismissed mid-season due to poor results. After a short spell as manager of Nottingham Forest, he returned to Twente in 2012. His second stint with Twente was less successful, however, and McClaren resigned in early 2013. He returned to Derby later that year, leading the club to the play-offs in the 2013–14 season, but failed to win promotion and he was dismissed in 2015. He was soon appointed as head coach of Newcastle United, but was dismissed after less than year after winning only six of his 28 Premier League matches in charge. He had a second spell as Derby manager from October 2016 to March 2017. and in 2018, McClaren was appointed manager of Queens Park Rangers, before being dismissed in April 2019. Early life
McClaren was born on 3 May 1961 in Fulford, York, the son of Margaret (née Bogg) and Brian McClaren who had married the previous year.Described as "Yorkshire born and bred", McClaren's ancestors worked variously as miners, brewers, cotton mill workers, labourers, and farmworkers, and in domestic service. As a child, McClaren attended Nunthorpe Grammar School after passing his eleven-plus, preferring it over a closer school because of the emphasis which was placed on sports. In order


title: Steve McClaren

texts:
 to attend he had to cycle a daily four-mile round trip across York. This is cited as an example of his determination to succeed in sport. At school he played rugby, tennis, squash and was captain of the school's football team. He also played for York Boys under-15 team and represented the county of Yorkshire. Playing as midfielder, McClaren is remembered as being a "tidy" player, "skilful on the ball" and "head and shoulders above the rest."Playing career

As a player, McClaren was a midfielder who spent most of his career in the lower leagues of English football. The bulk of his playing career was with Hull City, who he joined in 1979 at the age of 18 after leaving school, He went on to play 178 games scoring 16 goals before leaving in 1985. He then played for Derby County between 1985 and 1988, making 25 appearances. During 1987, he joined Lincoln City (on loan) making only eight appearances. In 1988, he moved to Bristol City and played 61 times, scoring two goals. He joined his final club, Oxford United, in 1989. He played 33 times for Oxford before an injury forced him to retire in 1992.Coaching and managerial career

Early coaching
After retiring from playing, McClaren began his coaching career as a youth and reserve team coach at Oxford United, where Denis Smith was manager. He moved back to Derby County in 1995, where he was assistant manager to Jim Smith. The pair won promotion to the Premier League in their first season in charge, establishing themselves in this division and later enjoyed further consolidation in the top flight. In early 1999, McClaren moved to Manchester United as assistant to Alex Ferguson, replacing Brian Kidd. At the time, he was so little known that he was introduced by United chairman Martin Edwards as "<mask>", perhaps confusing him with the former Leicester City striker <mask>. His first half-season was distinguished by United winning the treble, consisting of the Premier League title, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League. He developed the reputation

masks:
Steve MClaridge
Steve Claridge


title: Steve McClaren

texts:
 as one of the most tactically astute coaches in the country, using modern methods such as video analysis and sports psychologists.United later won the League titles in 2000 and 2001, thus ensuring they won every title contested while McClaren was at the club. In October 2000, McClaren was made a coach in the England national team by caretaker-manager Peter Taylor. He retained the position under permanent manager Sven-Göran Eriksson until November 2002, combining the job with his roles at club level. However, he returned to assist Eriksson as assistant manager shortly before UEFA Euro 2004 as Brian Kidd had undergone surgery for prostate cancer. He remained in the role with Casper up to and including the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals. Middlesbrough
At the end of the 2000–01 season, McClaren began looking for a managerial job, having decided his chances of succeeding Ferguson at Old Trafford were slim; at the time, Ferguson was planning to retire the following summer, but would ultimately remain in charge of United for a further 11 seasons. With a positive reputation and closely linked with three Premier League vacancies, Middlesbrough chairman <mask> won the race to appoint him after McClaren turned down Southampton and West Ham United.His appointment came after the resignation of former Manchester United captain Bryan Robson, who had been in charge of the Teesside club for seven years and established them as a Premier League club. In his first season, Middlesbrough reached the FA Cup semi-final, knocking out his previous employers Manchester United in the fourth round, but lost 0–1 to Arsenal. They finished 12th in the league, a small improvement on the previous season's 14th-place finish. The following season brought another modest improvement, this time finishing 11th, although they had been in higher positions – and the race for a UEFA Cup place – for most of the season. In the 2003–04 season, McClaren guided Boro to victory in the League Cup with a 2–1 win over Bolton Wanderers


title: Steve McClaren

texts: in the final. This was the club's first ever major honour and also guaranteed them qualification for a European competition for the first time in their 128-year history. In the following close season, McClaren was able to attract proven players Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink, Michael Reiziger and Mark Viduka to the Riverside Stadium.The signings paid dividends as the club reached the round of 16 in the UEFA Cup, having beaten more experienced sides such as Lazio, before being eliminated by Sporting CP. The club finished in seventh position in the Premier League – their best finish since 1975 – ensuring qualification for the UEFA Cup for a second successive season. The 2005–06 season proved to be the most eventful of McClaren's tenure at Middlesbrough. The club endured mediocre league form, losing at home to local rivals Sunderland (who finished the season relegated with just three wins from 38 games) and suffering a 7–0 thrashing at Arsenal, putting the club in relegation form. During a 4–0 defeat at home to Aston Villa, a Middlesbrough fan ran onto the pitch and threw his season ticket at McClaren signifying his disgust at the club's performances. Boro eventually finished in a secure 14th place but enjoyed greater success in the cup competitions, reaching the latter stages of both the FA and UEFA Cups. They lost 0–1 to West Ham United in the FA Cup semi-finals.In the UEFA Cup, Middlesbrough were losing on aggregate in the second legs of both the quarter and semi-final ties against Basel and Steaua București respectively. After McClaren substituted defenders with attackers, Boro produced two spectacular four-goal comebacks in both ties to reach the final. In the final, however, Middlesbrough were outclassed by Sevilla and lost 4–0. <mask>'s five-year tenure on Teesside saw him establish himself as Middlesbrough's most successful manager as he made the often difficult transition from coach to manager. He was the first manager to guide them to a major trophy and the first to guide them to


title: Steve McClaren

texts:
 qualification for a European competition. He was also the most successful English manager of the early 21st century; he was the first Englishman to win a major honour since 1996 and first to reach a European final with an English club since 1985. Many Boro fans, however, were indifferent about his departure, believing <mask>, the club chairman, to be more important to their success.McClaren was accused by rival managers of having a "pot of gold" provided by Gibson to buy players, giving him an advantage over other teams (except perhaps the biggest few clubs in the league) when signing players. Despite this, towards the latter end of his tenure McClaren was criticised by some supporters for using negative tactics and earning Middlesbrough the tag of a "dull" side. Some observers attributed Middlesbrough's success to the senior, experienced players in the side rather than McClaren's managerial ability. England national team
After Eriksson announced in January 2006 that he would leave as England manager after the 2006 World Cup finals, McClaren was placed on The FA's shortlist to succeed him, alongside Sam Allardyce, Alan Curbishley, Martin O'Neill and Luiz Felipe Scolari. The FA first offered the position to Scolari, but he rejected the offer, claiming that the role would mean excessive media intrusion in his life. McClaren, however, was subsequently announced as Eriksson's successor on 4 May 2006 after signing a four-year contract. The nature of his appointment earned him the nickname "Second Choice <mask>".The appointment was praised by the likes of Alex Ferguson and Trevor Brooking. McClaren assumed control of the national team on 1 August 2006. McClaren chose popular former England coach Terry Venables as his assistant, a move seen by some as an attempt to counter the lack of enthusiasm for McClaren. He also hired public relations guru Max Clifford to manage his relationship with the media. McClaren's first decision was to choose the new England captain. He decided to give the

masks:
Steve Gibson
Steve


title: Steve McClaren

texts: arm band to John Terry, the Chelsea defender and captain who at the time had 24 England caps, saying, "I'm convinced he will prove to be one of the best captains England has ever had." In his first squad, McClaren dropped many of the national team's older players including Sol Campbell, David James and former captain David Beckham, saying he was planning for "a different direction".McClaren, however, stated that there was still a chance that Beckham could be recalled in the future. After starting qualification for UEFA Euro 2008 well with two wins, England hit a poor run of form between October 2006 and March 2007 with only one goal scored in five matches, by which time they had fallen to fourth in their qualification group. During a match against Andorra in March 2007, McClaren and the England team received abuse from supporters during a poor performance in a 3–0 win. McClaren walked out of the post-match press conference after only two minutes of questions, saying, "Gentlemen, if you want to write whatever you want to write, you can write it because that is all I am going to say. Thank you." In May 2007, McClaren made a U-turn by recalling David Beckham into the England squad. England subsequently had a run of four wins from six matches, which boosted the country's hopes of qualification for Euro 2008 before a defeat against Russia in October 2007, causing England's qualification fate to fall out of their hands.The FA's chief executive, Brian Barwick, gave his backing to McClaren, despite the defeat. McClaren was also backed by players Phil Neville and <mask>, his predecessor Eriksson, and the chief executive of the League Managers Association, John Barnwell. The results of other matches in England's qualification group meant that England would qualify as the second place team by avoiding a loss in their final group match against Croatia, who had already clinched first place in the group. The match was played at Wembley on 21 November 2007 and England lost 3–2; coupled with


title: Steve McClaren

texts:
 Russia's victory over Andorra, this meant that England failed to qualify for Euro 2008. It was the first time in 14 years that England had not qualified for a major tournament, and the first time in 24 years that they had not qualified for the European Championships. The following day, The FA held an emergency meeting at which McClaren was removed from the post of England coach along with his assistant manager, Terry Venables. <mask>'s tenure is the second shortest of any England manager, spanning just 18 games in 16 months, only superseded by Sam Allardyce's one game in 67 days.On 14 December 2007, it was announced <mask>'s post had been taken up by Fabio Capello commencing from 7 January 2008. Twente
<mask> announced in February 2008 he would consider managing in either the Championship or abroad in his next job. In May, McClaren had a brief spell coaching then League Two side Darlington, assisting his former Derby County and Oxford United teammate Dave Penney. In April, the BBC announced McClaren would join them as a pundit for Euro 2008, working as analyst and co-commentator for BBC Radio 5 Live, alongside Alan Green, one of his harshest critics as England manager. McClaren's first commentary game was Austria–Croatia on 8 June 2008, Croatia having been the team chiefly responsible for England's non-qualification for the tournament, having beaten England twice in qualifying. In May 2008, McClaren was linked with a return to football as manager of the Dutch Eredivisie side Twente. He was in the crowd for a match against Ajax on 18 May, seeing Twente qualify for the Champions League.In response to speculation, a Twente spokesman initially stated that the club had no intention of hiring McClaren. Later that month, however, it was reported McClaren had held talks with Twente chairman Joop Munsterman and had toured the club, despite question marks from some Twente fans to his possible appointment. When he was initially offered the Twente managerial job, McClaren turned it down due

masks: McClaren McClaren McClaren


title: Steve McClaren

texts:
 their previous league campaign. McClaren was dismissed as QPR manager on 1 April 2019 following a 2–1 home defeat to Bolton Wanderers on 30 March 2019 and a run of one win in 15 games. Return to Derby County
McClaren returned to Derby County on 24 November 2020 when being appointed as technical director. He stepped down from this role on 28 September 2021 after Derby entered administration, but remained at the club as a part-time senior adviser. Personal life
McClaren is married to Kathryn, with whom he has three sons: Joe, Sam and Josh. As of 2006, McClaren lived in the town of Yarm in Stockton-on-Tees.On becoming manager of VfL Wolfsburg, <mask> moved with his wife and youngest son to Germany, taking residence on Herr Island. Managerial statistics

Honours

Player
Derby County
Football League Second Division: 1986–87

Manager
Middlesbrough
Football League Cup: 2003–04

Twente
Eredivisie: 2009–10

References

External links

Lincoln City F.C. official archive profile

1961 births
Living people
Footballers from York
English footballers
Association football midfielders
Hull City A.F.C. players
Derby County F.C. players
Lincoln City F.C. players
Bristol City F.C. players
Oxford United F.C.players
English Football League players
English football managers
Middlesbrough F.C. managers
England national football team managers
FC Twente managers
VfL Wolfsburg managers
Nottingham Forest F.C. managers
Derby County F.C. managers
Newcastle United F.C. managers
Queens Park Rangers F.C. managers
Premier League managers
Eredivisie managers
Bundesliga managers
English Football League managers
Rinus Michels Award winners
Association football coaches
Oxford United F.C. non-playing staff
Derby County F.C.non-playing staff
Manchester United F.C. non-playing staff
English expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Germany
Expatriate football managers in the Netherlands
English expatriate sportspeople in Germany
English expatriate sportspeople in Israel
English expatriate sportspeople


title: Mukundananda

texts:
<mask>  (born December 19, 1960) is a spiritual leader, best selling author, Vedic scholar, and authority on mind management. He is the founder of JKYog (Jagadguru Kripaluji Yog) India, a non-profit organization based in Cuttack, Odisha and JKYog, a nonprofit organization based in Dallas, Texas, which offers a unique Yogic system, also known as Yoga for the Body, Mind and Soul. Biography

Early life and education

As a child, Swami Mukundananda spent long hours in meditation and contemplation. He received a postgraduate degree from the IIM Calcutta. After that, he worked for some time with one of India's most topmost industrial houses. He left a career in business to join the order of Sannyas, dedicating his time to devotional pursuits and travelled throughout India as a Sanyasi. Under the guidance of guru' ' Jagadguru Shree Kripaluji Maharaj who is lovingly called "Maharajji" by his devotees, Mukundananda studied the Vedic scriptures, Indian and Western philosophy, and Bhakti Yog.Kripaluji Maharaj entrusted him with the key task of spreading Vedic knowledge around the globe. The journey

For more than quarter century, Swami Mukundananda has been travelling around the world, awakening thousands of minds by spreading profound knowledge of the Vedas. He has unveiled the way to explain the hardest meaning of the Vedas in the modern context using the perfect logic, simple-yet-scientific approach. JKYog

 Teachings and philosophy
Swami Mukundananda formulated JKYog, a system of yoga that incorporates elements of both Hatha yoga and Bhakti yoga,"US Tour" http://www.prweb.com/ and founded a nonprofit organization of the same name to promote the practice throughout the United States and India. "Satsang Centers" JKYog.org JKYog is


title: Mukundananda

texts:
 headquartered at the Radha Krishna Temple in Allen, Texas. In May 2020, Swami Mukundananda launched the expansion of JKYog activities beyond USA to many major cities across the globe. He has been invited to speak at various institutions namely Google, Oracle, Yahoo, Verizon, M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, United Nations, Stanford University, Princeton University, MIT, Kellogg School of Management and Duke University. Temples and Congregation centres

Swami Mukundananda travels to many cities in United States and India every year to conduct week-long programs that incorporate  yoga sessions, meditation sessions and spiritual discourses. "7 Mindsets for Success in Life and Beyond"

He has founded the Radha Krishna temple of Dallas in Allen, Texas. He has also established several congregation centres in different cities of United States and India. The main ashram of Swami Mukundananda in India  is located in Banara, Cuttack, India, and is spread over 100 acres of land. There is also a fully functional charitable hospital and a naturopathy hospital on the same campus. Jagadguru Kripalu University

The government of Odisha approved the Jagadguru Kripalu University in April 2018.<mask> is the president of the university, which is presently under construction. In the first phase, the university will offer higher learning in Sanskrit, Yoga, Naturopathy, Health Administration, Philosophy, Religion and Comparative Religion. Recent engagement

<mask> was invited by Madras Management Association (MMA) to deliver the Keynote Address during the MMA Annual Convention 2020 where he delivered a talk on 'Mindsets for True Success'. Due to the COVID-19 situation, in 2020 Swami Mukundananda conducted an online event to celebrate the

masks:
Swami Mukundananda
Swami Mukundananda


title: Mukundananda

texts:
 International Day of Yoga (June 20–26, 2020), where over 100 sessions were organized including yoga, pranayama, holistic health, health and wellness seminars and workshops. <mask> was distinguished speaker at his alma mater IIT Delhi for Diamond jubilee celebrations. <mask> Ji, was one of the speakers in Bhagavad Gita Summit (from 10th - 14th December 2021) during Gita Jayanti at Dallas, Texas, US along with other notable personalities such as Dr. Menas Kafatos, Mr. Shiv Khera, Kiran Bedi, Brahmacharini Gloria Arieira, Dantu Muralikrishna and others. Good mental health in a post-pandemic world

Considering the mental health problems that have resulted from COVID-19 pandemic around the globe, in the 2021 International Yoga festival Swami Mukundananda discussed the link between Yoga and good mental health.He said, "When facing a calamity, one of the biggest virtues is strength. Perceive these unusual circumstances as a window of opportunity to grow from within. Try to nurture your inner character, integrity, well-being, and divinity. The pandemic gave people an opportunity to rethink priorities in life – to shift from running from external accomplishments to growing from within. People who strengthened the foundation of their inner divine qualities during the lockdown have become more capable of tackling the challenges of the post-pandemic external world." In his discussion, he emphasized on three key points to help overcome mental health problems: 1. First, establish a daily routine of Yoga; 2.Second, set aside time for the practice of Pranayama; 3. Third, engage in Meditation as a spiritual practice to keep the body and mind relaxed and in a positive state. Bibliography
 7 Divine Laws to Awaken Your Best Self  (2020)
 The


title: Loreta Janeta Velázquez

texts:
<mask>   (June 26, 1842 – 1923), was a woman who claimed to have masqueraded as a male Confederate soldier during the American Civil War, though her story has been brought into question by recent scholarship. The book she wrote about her experiences claims that after her soldier husband's accidental death, she enlisted in the Confederate States Army in 1861. She then fought at Bull Run, Ball's Bluff, and Fort Donelson, but was discharged when her gender was discovered while in New Orleans. Undeterred, she reenlisted and fought at Shiloh, until unmasked once more. She then became a Confederate spy, working in both male and female guises, and as a double agent also reporting to the U.S. Secret Service. She remarried three more times, being widowed in each instance. According to William C. Davis, she died in January 1923 under the name Loretta J.Beard after many years away from the public eye in a public psychiatric facility, St. Elizabeths Hospital. The Woman in Battle
<mask> recorded her adventures in her 600-page book, The Woman in Battle: A Narrative of the Exploits, Adventures, and travels of Madame <mask> <mask> <mask>, Otherwise Known as Lieutenant Harry T. Buford, Confederate States Army (1876) to support her son. The Confederate general Jubal Early refused to accept her memoirs as fact, and modern scholars have cast doubt upon the veracity of the book's claims. Birth and family
According to her book, <mask> <mask> <mask> was born in Havana, Cuba, on June 26, 1842, to a wealthy Cuban official and a mother of French and American ancestry. She also used the name Alice Williams. According to her own account, <mask> was of Castilian descent and related to Cuban governor <mask> de Cuéllar and artist <mask>. Her father was a Spanish government official who owned plantations in Mexico and Cuba.He felt a deep resentment towards the United States after losing an

masks:
Loreta Janeta
Velázquez
Loreta
Janeta
Velázquez
Loreta
Janeta
Velázquez
Velázquez
Diego Velázquez
Diego Velázquez


title: Loreta Janeta Velázquez

texts:
 inherited ranch in the Mexican–American War at San Luis Potosi. This animosity perpetuated the estrangement between <mask> and her father after her elopement with an American soldier. <mask> learned the English language at school in New Orleans in 1849, while living with an aunt. Her father's wealth as a plantation owner allowed her this opportunity to travel and continue her education. While in New Orleans, <mask> took to fairy tales and stories of heroism, citing Joan of Arc as a particular inspiration. <mask> was engaged young to Raphael, a Spaniard, in what she referred to in her memoir as a "marriage of convenience." At fourteen years old, she eloped with a Texas United States Army officer known only as John Williams  (also often referred to in various sources as simply "William") on April 5, 1856 despite the threats to be sent to a convent or back to Cuba from her family.Her decision to elope was poorly received by her family, causing their estrangement. She initially continued to live with her aunt, but after a quarrel with her she moved in with her husband and lived at various army posts, estranging herself further from her family by converting to Methodism. American Civil War
At the outbreak of the American Civil War, <mask> claims her husband resigned his U.S. commission and joined the Confederate Army. The couple became more interested in the Civil War after the early deaths of three of their children. At first, Williams actually aided <mask> in her endeavors to cross-dress and to enlist. He agreed to a night out together with <mask> disguised as a man, assured that upon seeing the behavior of other men she would be dissuaded. <mask>'s desires to enlist, however, were only strengthened.Velázquez failed to convince her husband to let her join him, so she acquired two uniforms, adopted the name Harry T. Buford and moved to Arkansas. There she

masks: Velázquez Velázquez Velázquez Velázquez Velázquez Velázquez Velázquez Velázquez


title: Loreta Janeta Velázquez

texts:
 recruited 236 men in four days, shipped them to Pensacola, Florida, and presented them to her husband as her command. Her husband died soon after in an accident while he was demonstrating the use of weapons to his troops. Velázquez turned her men over to a friend and began to search for more things to do. Her first experience in combat was as an independent soldier in the First Battle of Bull Run. She eventually grew tired of camp life, however, and again donned female garb to go to Washington, D.C., where she spied for the Confederacy. She claimed to meet Abraham Lincoln and Secretary of War Simon Cameron on this excursion.When she returned to the South, she was assigned to the detective corps. She later left for Tennessee. In Tennessee, she fought in the siege of Fort Donelson until the surrender. She was wounded in battle, but was not exposed. She fled to New Orleans, where she was arrested, suspected of being a female Union spy in disguise. After she was released, she enlisted to get away from the city. At Shiloh, she found the battalion she had raised in Arkansas and fought in the battle.As she was burying the dead after a battle, a stray shell wounded her. When the army doctor who examined her discovered she was a woman, she again fled to New Orleans and saw Major General Benjamin F. Butler take command of the city. She gave up her uniform at that point. Afterwards, in Richmond, Virginia, authorities again hired her as a spy and she began to travel all around the US. At that time, she married a Captain Thomas DeCaulp; he reportedly died soon after in a Chattanooga hospital. (An officer of that name is known to have survived the war.) She then traveled north where officials hired her to search for herself.In Ohio and Indiana, she tried to organize a rebellion of Confederate prisoners of war. Travels
After the war, <mask> traveled in Europe with her


title: Loreta Janeta Velázquez

texts:
 brother, as well as throughout South America and the southern United States. She married Major Wasson and emigrated with him to Venezuela. When he died in Caracas, she returned to the United States. During her subsequent travels around the U.S., she gave birth to a baby boy and met Brigham Young in Utah. She arrived in Omaha, almost penniless, but charmed General W. S. Harney into giving her blankets and a revolver. Two days after her arrival in the mining area of Nevada, she received a proposal of marriage from a sixty-year-old man, which she refused.After eventually marrying a younger man, whose name is not known, <mask> soon left Nevada, travelling with her baby. Reception of her book
Her book appeared in print in 1876. In the preface, <mask> stated that she had written the book primarily for money so she could support her child, perhaps to combat the notion of her profiting from the war. The veracity of the account was attacked almost immediately, and remains an issue with scholars. Some claim it is probably entirely fiction, others that the details in the text show a familiarity with the times that would be difficult to completely simulate. Shortly after its appearance, former Confederate General Jubal Early denounced the book as an obvious fiction. In 2007, The History Channel aired Full Metal Corset, a program that presented details of <mask>'s story as genuine.However, the overall truthfulness of her account remains indeterminate and highly questionable. Career after the war

She became very active in public life and politics, and was particularly involved in grand speculative schemes around mining and railway building, as well as being involved in journalism and writing. Her biographer William C. Davis suggests that her actions were generally fraudulent, intending to raise money for herself and associates. Some press accounts were impressed by her

masks: Velázquez Velázquez Velázquez


title: Loreta Janeta Velázquez

texts:
 vitality and business acumen, such as in an 1891 account from the New York Herald reprinted in the Saturday Evening Mail Terre Haute. Here <mask> was described as "a woman of business, a woman who can 'run things like a man.'" Death
<mask> <mask> <mask> is said to have died in 1923, but historian Richard Hall states that her death is unknown and the place and date of her death are also unknown. Hall, in Patriots in Disguise, takes a hard look at The Woman in Battle and analyzes whether its claims are accurate or fictionalized.Elizabeth Leonard, in All the Daring of the Soldier,  assesses The Woman in Battle as largely fiction, but based on real experience. A newspaper report mentions a Lieutenant Bensford arrested when it was disclosed that "he" was actually a woman, and gives her name as Alice Williams, a name which <mask> <mask> apparently also used. In popular culture
María Aguí Carter directed Rebel, an investigative documentary, examining the story of <mask> <mask>. The film is a detective story exploring Velázquez's claims and the politics involved in erasing her from history. It was produced in 2013 and has a run-time of 73 minutes. Revisionist biography

In October 2016, William C. Davis published a detailed biography of <mask> entitled Inventing <mask> Velásquez: Confederate Soldier Impersonator, Media Celebrity, and Con Artist. His account is based on newspaper and archival research which claims that the whole of The Woman in Battle is fiction.Davis asserts that <mask> was neither Cuban nor a Confederate soldier, but was a thief and a prostitute, possibly born in New York, and eventually a swindler and con artist. <mask> used many aliases and he is uncertain of her actual name, age, and place of birth, and thus unable to be certain of her family background or ethnicity. The woman he ultimately identifies as <mask> served terms in jail for theft and

masks: Velázquez Loreta Janeta Velázquez Loreta Velázquez Loreta Velázquez Velázquez Loreta Velázquez Velázquez Velázquez


title: Loreta Janeta Velázquez

texts:
 other minor offenses, and subsequently invented more glamorous origin stories, having learned to lie while working as a prostitute. Davis's work not only views his subject in a negative light, but also expresses doubt whether women ever served effectively as military personnel in the Civil War, his specific doubts around <mask>'s service. Davis does, however, provide a definite date for her death as Loretta J. Beard on January 26, 1923, at St. Elizabeths Hospital for the Insane, Washington. In his final chapter, Davis critiques feminist and Hispanic historiographical approaches to Velazquez as well as postmodernist literary theory, all of which he says have failed to accurately evaluate Velázquez and have perpetuated her lies to promote their own agenda.See also

 Hispanics in the American Civil War
 List of female American Civil War soldiers
 List of wartime cross-dressers
 Deborah Sampson, impersonated a man to fight during the American War of Independence
 Anna Maria Lane, female soldier in the American Revolutionary War
 Sarah Taylor
 Timeline of women in war in the United States, pre-1945

References

Bibliography
Books
 Blanton, DeAnne, and Lauren M. Cook. They Fought Like Demons. Baton Rouge: LSU Press, 2002. Cumming, Carman. Devil's Game: The Civil War Intrigues of Charles A. Dunham. Urbana: U. of Illinois Press, 2004. Davis, William C. Inventing Loreta Velasquez: Confederate Soldier Impersonator, Media Celebrity, and Con Artist.Southern Illinois University Press, 2016. Hall, Richard. Patriots in Disguise: Women Warriors of the Civil War. N.Y.: Marlowe & Co., 1994. Leonard, Elizabeth. All the Daring of the Soldier: Women of the Civil War Armies. N.Y.: Norton, 1999.Velazquez, <mask> Janeta. The Woman in Battle: A Narrative of the Exploits, Adventures and travels of Madame <mask> <mask> Velazquez, Otherwise Known as Lieutenant Harry J. Buford,

masks: Velázquez Loreta Loreta Janeta


title: Loreta Janeta Velázquez

texts:
 Confederate States Army (1876)  Reprinted in 1972 by the Arno Press. Reprinted in 2003 by University of Wisconsin. Young, Elizabeth. Disarming the Nation: Women's Writing and the American Civil War. Chicago: U. of Chicago Press, 1999. TV programs
 Full Metal Corset: Secret Soldiers of the Civil War, The History Channel, 2007
 REBEL, 2013, PBS home video

Further reading

External links
 <mask> <mask> Velazquez, Female Soldier Disguised As A Man
 The Woman in Battle: A Narrative of the Exploits, Adventures, and Travels of Madame <mask> <mask> Velazquez, Otherwise Known as Lieutenant Harry T. Buford, Confederate States Army.In Which Is Given Full Descriptions of the Numerous Battles in which She Participated as a Confederate Officer of Her Perilous Performances as a Spy, as a Bearer of Despatches, as a Secret-Service Agent, and as a Blockade-Runner; of Her Adventures Behind the Scenes at Washington, including the Bond Swindle; of her Career as a Bounty and Substitute Broker in New York; of Her Travels in Europe and South America; Her Mining Adventures on the Pacific Slope; Her Residence among the Mormons; Her Love Affairs, Courtships, Marriages, &c., &c. Richmond, Va.: Dustin, Gilman & Co., 1876. "What part am I to act in this great drama? DeAnne Blanton – Women soldiers of the Civil War
 K.G. Schneider – Women soldiers of the Civil War
 Loretta <mask> Velasquez at Hispanic Americans in the U.S. Army (archived in 2007)

 History of Female Spies of the Confederacy
Famous Trannies

1842 births
1923 deaths
Converts to Methodism from Roman Catholicism
American people of Spanish descent
Cuban emigrants to the United States
Confederate States Army officers
American spies
American Civil War spies
Female wartime cross-dressers
Female wartime cross-dressers in the American Civil War
Female wartime spies
American media personalities
Hispanic and Latino American

masks: Loreta Janeta Loreta Janeta Janeta


title: Hossein Shahshahani

texts:
<mask> (also known as <mask>) () (1895 – 19 March 1962) was a prominent judge, scholar of Islamic Law and expert of historical documents and manuscripts of Iran. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Esfahan, Iran in 1895 to a prominent and pious family where he received his preliminary and traditional education. His mother was from Allameh Majlesi family and his father was Seyyed Mohammad Sadr Shah Alaee, a religious scholar in Esfahan and a grandson of Shah Alaeddin Mohammad. He moved to Tehran when he was 17 and subsequently traveled to Najaf where he pursued for seven years his education in advanced Islamic law and jurisprudence. He worked with several Islamic scholars, including <mask>. This qualified him to be mujtahid who was recognized as an Islamic scholar competent in interpreting Islamic law independently. Judicial career
Upon returning to Iran in 1921, initially he taught jurisprudence at the Advanced School of Trade (Madrasse-e Aali-e Tejarat) in Tehran.He was then invited by Ali-Akbar Davar, the founder of Iran's modern legal code, to take major responsibilities in the newly established Ministry of Justice of Iran. His judiciary career took almost 30 years, during which time he served in various positions and moved up the hierarchy to the counselor of the Supreme Court (Divan-e Aali-e Keshvar). He was also the head of the Organization for Registration of Deeds and Properties. <mask> was the permanent member from the Ministry of Justice in the commission that functioned as the inspector general appointed by Reza

masks:
Hossein Shahshahani
Seyed Hossein Shahshahani
Shahshahani
Mirza Hossein Naini
Shahshahani


title: Hossein Shahshahani

texts:
 Shah. Toward the end of his career, in 1952 and 1953 (1331 and 1332), he served as the assistant Minister of Interior and the deputy Minister of Justice when he worked more closely with the Prime Minister, Dr. Mohammad Mosaddegh. In recognition and appreciation of his superior service and dedication, he received several certificate and medals from the Shah. The medals included Order of the Crown.<mask> had close relationships with most members of the Mosaddegh Cabinet. He was in charge of the Ministry of Justice when Mosaddegh traveled to The Hague to attend the International Court of Justice that was dealing with the nationalization of the Iranian Oil Industry. <mask> was also well respected by the clergy and the religious authorities. For example, he had written correspondence and personal meetings with Seyyed <mask> Tabatabaie Borujerdi in Qum. Historical documents

<mask> was one of the few people who could read, understand and analyze the significance of rare and unique archival material and historical documents and deeds (firman). They included Farmans, manuscripts and calligraphy, hand written orders by kings and rulers, usually in cursive and writing of high historical and aesthetic value. He loved collecting such documents that were sometimes in poor shape.He spent countless hours to read, repair, understand, evaluate and at times frame them. <mask>'s valuable collection of such items which included more that 285 Farmans and documents were given to the Reza Abbasi Museum in Tehran in 1978 (1357). Work with scholars
<mask>

masks: Shahshahani Shahshahani Hossein Shahshahani Shahshahani Shahshahani


title: Hossein Shahshahani

texts:
 gave close access to his friends and academic experts to study and review his collection for research, analysis and documentation purposes. He helped these people in reading and understanding the often difficult contents of these documents. Most of these scholars have kindly referenced him in their published works. They include Agha Bozorg Tehrani, (the author of Azzari-a), Jalal al-Din Muhaddis, Dr. Manuchehr Sotudeh, Iraj Afshar, Ali Naghi Monzavi, the French scholar and author Jean Aubin, Dr. Horst Walther from Germany and references made by Louis Massignon. <mask> helped Jean Aubin in his research efforts and made available to him some of his collection related to Aq Qoyunlu and Kara Qoyunlu periods.Jean Aubin's research results were published in Tehran in 1955 both in French and Persian languages as:

Jean Aubin, Archives persanes commentees. Note sur quelques documents Aq Qoyunlu, dans Melanges Massignon, I, pp. 9–35 (sous presse). Note preliminaire sur les archives du Takya du Tchima-rud. (En preparation:) Deux recueils d'insha dédies au vizir timoride Ghiyathu-'d-Din Pir Ahmad Khwafi. Selected Research Works
Shahshahani published the following works:

 A Partial List of <mask>'s Documents, mostly Ghajar Period, put together by Gholam Reza Farzanehpour, published in the Central Library of Tehran University "On Manuscripts," No I, ( Daftar-e Avval) 1961 (1339). A Decree From Nader Shah Dorrani, (Farmani az Nader Shah-e Dorrani), Iran Culture, (Fahang-e Iran Zamin), Vol 6: pp 159–163.The Endowment Document of Kashan Mir Emad

masks: Shahshahani Shahshahani


title: Hossein Shahshahani

texts:
 Mosque, (Vaghfnameh Masjed-e Mir Emad-e Kashan), Iran Culture, (Fahang-e Iran Zamin), Vol 5: pp 22–50. Shahshahan Mausoleum and its Documents, (Bogh-e Shahshahan va Asnad-e An), Calendar of Iran, (Salnameh Keshvar-e Iran), Vol 12: pp 11–64. <mask> has written a book on Arabic words entitled: Precision in Words, (Daghayegh-e-Loghat). This unpublished book has an introduction, 28 chapters and a conclusion. Works on Shahshahan Mausoleum

<mask> managed to revive and re-establish the identity of Shahshahan mausoleum during his judicial career. The mausoleum is a historical monument in Isfahan, Iran. It is located beside Jameh Mosque of Isfahan in the Shahshahan District on Ibn-e Sina Street.It is the burial place of a famous Sufi of Isfahan, Shah Alaeddin Mohammad. "The mausoleum was built between 1446 and 1448. Inside and outside of the mausoleum is decorated by plasterwork and tiling. Its dome, which had been destroying in the recent years, has been rebuilt." <mask> battled in courts for many years to extricate the endowments of the Shahshahan mausoleum from unlawful occupiers. He repaired and rebuilt the mausoleum as an important historical building and constructed the Shahshahan School and Health Center beside it. The monument belongs to the Timurid period.<mask> registered the site with the Iran Society For National and Historical Monuments under Registration Number 368 on February 21, 1949 (2 Esfand 1327). Final years

<mask> retired in August 1953 (Mordad 1332) when Mosaddegh and his cabinet were removed from power in a coup. He

masks: Shahshahani Shahshahani Shahshahani Shahshahani Shahshahani


title: Hossein Shahshahani

texts:
 spent the last 8 years of his life in writing and research on Iranian historical documents and manuscripts. He shared his knowledge and expertise with his friends and colleagues (Allahyar Saleh) and helped academicians and scholars with their research. He was a member of the National Library and Archives of Iran affiliated with the National Commissions for UNESCO. In an effort to further pursue his interest in historical documents, in January 1962, <mask> travelled by land to Europe through Istanbul. He visited museums and continued his travels to Geneva, Switzerland, where he died of heart attack on March 19, 1962 (28 Esfand 1340).<mask> is buried in the Shahshahan Mausoleum in Esfahan. <mask> had six children who had advanced education and were professional. His only son, Dr. <mask>, is author and scholar who was professor of Economics in Tehran University and California State University and currently retired. References

Further reading
Most Persian historical texts have made references to Shah Alaedin and <mask> and Shah Alaie families. The following are the most major references:
Malcolm, Sir John, History of Persia
Chardin, Jean, The Travels of Sir John Chardin, (1643-1713) to Persia, the section on Esfahan, Trans. by <mask> Oreizi, Esfahan, Rah-e Nejat Publisher, 1951 (1330), pp. 105–110.Louis Massignon, works
Edward G. Browne, A Literary History of Persia, Vol. I, Trans. by Ali Pasha Saleh, Tehran, Parliament Printing Press, 1956 (1335), p. 660. External links

1897 births
1962 deaths
Iranian judges
People from

masks:
Shahshahani
Shahshahani
Shahshahani
Ahmad Shahshahani
Shahshahani
Hossein


title: Rabih az-Zubayr

texts:
<mask>-Zubayr ibn Fadl Allah or <mask> (), usually known as Rabah in French (c. 1842 – April 22, 1900), was a Sudanese warlord and slave trader who established a powerful empire east of Lake Chad, in today's Chad. Born around 1842 to an arabized Nubian family in Halfaya Al-Muluk, a suburb of Khartoum, he first served with the irregular Egyptian cavalry in the Ethiopian campaign, during which he was wounded. When Rabih left the army in 1860s, he became the principal lieutenant of the Sudanese slaveholder Sebehr Rahma. Lieutenant of al-Zubayr (1870–1879)

In the 19th century, Khartoum had become a very important Arab slave market, supplied through companies of Khartumi established in the region of Bahr el Ghazal, where they resided in zarības (), thornbush-fortified bases kept by bāzinqirs (firearm-equipped slave soldiers). The warlord and slaveholder al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur assumed control of the region's zaribas, and was nominated in 1872 pasha and governor of Bahr el Ghazal for the khedive Isma'il, ruler of Egypt. <mask>, who was possibly a relative of al-Zubayr, was the chief lieutenant of the pasha. In 1874, al-Zubayr conquered the Sultanate of Darfur.In 1876, he went to Cairo to request the khedive to officially sanction his position in Darfur, but was instead imprisoned. This caused in 1878 the revolt of al-Zubayr's son, Suleyman, and of his lieutenants, like <mask>. In reaction the governor-general of Sudan, Charles George Gordon, made Romolo Gessi governor of Bahr el Ghazal, and sent him to suppress the rebellion; Suleyman surrendered July 15, 1879, and was executed. <mask> instead is said to have left Suleyman the day before he

masks:
Rabih az
Rabih Fadlallah
Rabih
Rabih
Rabih