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 history, language, music, and literature and explored classes in nearly every subject. Aside from his studies, he began writing for the campus literary magazine and newspaper as a sports reporter.Because he had no aptitude for mathematics, he was unable to successfully finish his degree. He left college and moved to New York City in 1929. Family
On February 27, 1932, he married Therese Jacobsen, a reporter and photographer. They remained married until her death in 1980, and had two daughters, Nora and Elizabeth. Mental health
<mask> suffered from depression all of his life. An unsteady relationship with his father and his lack of belonging in his two homes of North Carolina and New York left <mask> isolated and listless for much of his life. He lived in an era of psychology that focused purely on anxiety, and doctors regarded depression as a severe side effect of existing anxiety.However, symptoms of this condition did not clearly manifest in his life until late in his career. Many of <mask>'s coworkers, as well as his biographer, Thomas Kunkel, tell of the toll the subjects of his works had on him, specifically his greatest subject, Joe Gould. <mask> once remarked to Washington Post writer David Streitfeld, "You pick someone so close that, in fact, you are writing about yourself. Joe Gould had to leave home because he didn't fit in, the same way I had to leave home because I didn't fit in. Talking to Joe Gould all those years he became me in a way, if you see what I mean." Even with Joe Gould as a way to explore his own reality, <mask> began to attract characters with similar attributes. In a feature within The New Yorker magazine,

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 Death
In 1995, <mask> was diagnosed with lung cancer after he began experiencing back pain. The cancer eventually spread and metastasized in his brain. On May 24, 1996, <mask> died at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center in Manhattan at the age of 87. He was laid to rest in Floyd Memorial Cemetery in his hometown of Fairmont, North Carolina next to his wife. His daughters inscribed a quote from Shakespeare's seventy-third sonnet, which was one of his favorite lines in literature: "Bare ruined choirs, where late the sweet birds sang."Further reading
For more information on <mask>'s biography and daily life, see Thomas Kunkel's Man in Profile: <mask> of The New Yorker (2015). Career

<mask> came to New York City in 1929, at the age of 21, with the ambition of becoming a political reporter. He worked for such newspapers as The World, the New York Herald Tribune, and the New York World-Telegram, at first covering crime and then doing interviews, profiles, and character sketches. In 1931, he took a break from journalism to work on a freighter that sailed to Leningrad and brought back pulp logs to New York City. He returned to journalism later that year and continued to write for New York newspapers until he was hired by St. Clair McKelway at The New Yorker in 1938. He remained with the magazine until his death in 1996. His book Up in the Old Hotel collects the best of his writing for The New Yorker, and his earlier book My Ears Are Bent collects the best of his early journalistic writing, which he omitted from Up in the Old Hotel.<mask>'s last book was his empathetic account of the Greenwich Village street character and self-proclaimed

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 historian Joe Gould's extravagantly disguised case of writer's block, published as Joe Gould's Secret (1964). <mask> served on the board of directors of the Gypsy Lore Society, was one of the founders of the South Street Seaport Museum, was involved with the Friends of Cast-Iron Architecture, and served five years on the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. In August 1937, he placed third in a clam-eating tournament on Block Island by eating 84 cherrystone clams. In 2008, The Library of America selected <mask>'s story "Execution" for inclusion in its two-century retrospective of American True Crime. The February 11, 2013 edition of The New Yorker includes a previously unpublished portion of <mask>'s unfinished autobiography entitled "Street Life: Becoming Part of the City." Central themes

Character study
Seen throughout <mask>'s oeuvre is his distinct focus on the underdog characters, or the laymen of NYC, and the focus on unexpected characters. For example, Mazie is a central focus for a New Yorker article bearing her name.“Mazie” first appears in the print edition of the December 21, 1940 issue of The New Yorker.The piece, later published in <mask>'s collection of essays in Up in the Old Hotel, creates and canonizes Mazie, a woman who worked in the ticket booth of The Venice theatre. <mask>'s meticulous reporting skills result in an account of Mazie complete with factual details, close observation, and direct quotations. Critics believe Mazie resembles <mask> himself: they share an affinity for remembering small facts and giving attention to the overlooked members of society. Mazie P. Gordon is tough and blunt. Detective

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texts: Kain of the Oak Street Police Station declares that Mazie “has the roughest tongue and the softest heart in the Third Precinct. In <mask>'s profile, her life is confined to the ticket booth of the movie theatre where she socializes with “bums” that come and go from the surrounding flophouses. Direct conversations detail her interactions with her community.<mask> was open to taking on the challenge of profiling the female central character of Mazie. The writing process was challenging until his central character would give him “the revealing remark.” The 1938 World Telegram description of Mazie P. Gordon reveals she was known as “Miss Mazie” to the men she interacted with around the Venice Theatre. She is blonde, kind, and has exaggerated hair and makeup. Two years later, when <mask> profiled Mazie in The New Yorker, some critics called <mask> an anthropologist in his description. Mazie becomes more than just a blonde and kind woman, and instead is shown to be complex and strong-willed. <mask>'s close observation of Mazie set a new standard for writers and reporters. <mask>'s curiosity without judgement inspired writers to continue Mazie's legacy.The character of Mazie is popularized by the novel Saint Mazie by Jami Attenberg. She encountered “Mazie” through <mask>'s collection of his magazine pieces, and used <mask>'s profile to fashion Mazie into a fictional character. Ultimately, Mazie archetypes <mask>'s distinct characteristics that intrigue readers. Much of this intrigue, for all of <mask>'s underdog characters, comes from the access he provides into the lives of the people that the readers of the New Yorker wouldn't normally meet.

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 The Rivermen, for instance, would be irrelevant people to most of NYC citizens until <mask> brings them into focus for the readers. In yet another way, Rats on the Waterfront (Thirty-Two Rats From Casablanca) tells a compelling story where the central character is not even human. <mask>'s focus on these unlikely characters gives his nonfiction a very distinct character.Time and passing
The term "<mask> time" was coined by novelist Thomas Beller to describe the gauzy effect in <mask>'s writings. He goes on to further describe <mask>'s temporal dimension as a "strange and twilight place where a density of historical fact and the feeling of whole eras fading from view are sharply juxtaposed with the senses of cinematic immediacy related in the present tense." <mask>'s distinctive voice can be seen in many, if not all, of his works. The most notable example of "<mask> time" is seen in the story Mr. Hunter's Grave where the narrative tells of the overlapping of many eras occurring in one small location. Landscape study
<mask> was born in North Carolina, yet throughout the majority of his writing career he centred his writing around New York City and its subjects. He brought a distinct and unique style of reporting to NYC that stemmed from his Southern upbringing. <mask> was said to have brought the ultimate Southern courtesy of accepting “people on their own terms”.Although he was a Brooklyn police reporter at first, by the time he moved to work in Harlem he began to connect with the “raffish side” of the NYC borough and it was here that his deep affection for NYC and its people started to blossom. Scholars claim that <mask>'s 1959

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 collection entitled The Bottom of the Harbor is his best and most “elegiac account of New York”. It is here that <mask> references not only the underdog characters of NYC, but also the underdog places - such as the Fulton Fish Market; a reoccurring place of study in this water based collection. For example, Dragger Captain is “the story of an old salt in the fleet out of Stonington, Connecticut, that supplies the Fulton Fish Market with flounder”. But it is once again <mask>'s character selection in The Bottom of the Harbor that allows him to portray NYC in his signature matte style. The subjects "are mainly old men, they are custodians of memory, their stories a link with the history of a city that has always been mercantile at heart." Additionally, <mask> liked to visit the Edgewater Cemetery, which was the inspiration for one of his most famous articles - Mr Hunter’s Grave.From North Carolina he “brought an interest in wildflowers” and these flowers “could be found most easily in overgrown cemeteries around New York City.”  <mask> managed to discover these quaint everyday places as he would often set off to work in his New Yorker office, but instead, he would carry on walking, taking in NYC and its landscape. Indeed, much of <mask>'s work was conceived due to his enchanted meandering of NYC where he “walked the city incessantly . . . little escaped his notice”

Selected works

"Up in the Old Hotel"
In <mask>'s feature "Up in the Old Hotel'," <mask> explores the Fulton Fish Market of New York, specifically Sloppy Louie's Restaurant. He features the owner of the space, and explores the character in full before adventuring up the old

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texts: elevator shaft with Louie and exploring the abandoned and sectioned-off old hotel space. In his opening, <mask> surveys the personality of the man he has this experience with, setting the mood for the entire piece. Louie is an Italian immigrant that worked for years in restaurants around the city until The Crash of 1929, when the property that is now his restaurant finally came into his price range. It was never the flashiest or nicest building, but it was near the market and was plenty successful in housing a small restaurant.Louie is constantly experimenting with his dishes, making his shop the place to stop and try a new kind of fish, or other seafood. Growing up in a small Italian fishing village himself, he does not shy away from different flavors and possibilities with his fish. He's a humble and gentlemanly man that adds an air of propriety and humility to everything he does; he works the same as any of his employees to keep his restaurant running, doing the same jobs, and always keeps a white cloth folded over his arm for the sake of class, even when he's only running the register. He maintains relationships with his regular customers, like <mask>, and fosters business relationships with the fishermen that bring their catches to the dock for sale at the Fulton Market. "Up in the Old Hotel" isn't just the story of Louie, or Sloppy Louie's, but about the closed-off elevator shaft that not even Louie has ever traveled up into. This comes about over breakfast, when Louie tells <mask> he may need to add extra tables to the second floor of his place to make up for the growing lunch crowds coming in. When <mask> points out he has four


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 empty floors above them, Louie explains that only the first two floors have stairs to access them, and the rest of the building is closed off.Out of pure curiosity, <mask> agrees to be the man who will go up to the unused four floors with Louie for the first time, when the opportunity arises. The elevator shaft, the equipment, nor the space above has been used or even really touched since it was shut out, making it a particularly risky endeavor for both of the men, and upon realizing it is safe to use, they travel up to the old hotel that hasn't been seen by anyone in  decades. Up on the first blocked floor, the two men find the remains of what was once a high-end hotel, finding bureaus with playing cards, hangers, mirrors, and the sign to the reading room. The environment itself was depressing to <mask>, and he decided the leave immediately, so neither of the men bothered to go up to the floor above them. This feature by <mask> really clings to his notions of the passage of time, and the coming change in New York, and the rest of the world. "Mr. Hunter's Grave"

"Mr. Hunter's Grave" was published by The New Yorker on September 22, 1956. To this day, the piece remains one of <mask>'s biggest journalistic successes—with an array of positive reviews."Mr. Hunter's Grave" was republished in one of <mask>'s collections, Up In The Old Hotel, which was  released in 1992. The article is based on an encounter <mask> had with an African-American man named George Hunter, who lived in Sandy Ground, a black community in Staten Island, one that is credited with being the oldest, established, free black community in the United States. This article in

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texts: particular begins with what one could consider a “typical <mask> day” and allows for the reader to get closer to <mask> in a sense. One day, <mask> wakes up, admittedly feeling stressed form his surroundings, packs a couple sandwiches, and decides to go down to Staten Island to explore the cemeteries. <mask> walks the reader through a number of cemeteries he enjoys walking through on days like that day, which include places such as “Woodrow Methodist Church on Woodrow Road in the Woodrow community, or to the cemetery of St. Luke’s Episcopal Church on the Arthur Kill Road in the Rossville community, or to one on the Arthur Kill Road on the outskirts of Rossville” before leading the reader to The South Shore, a more rural part of Staten Island, where trees tend to dominate, and a place where some of the oldest graveyards can be found, (<mask>). <mask> continues his exploration of several graveyards, stopping at gravestones, studying them, reading the names off of them, and moving vines and dirt off of certain ones he ponders upon. <mask> begins to grow weary, preparing to leave the graveyard off of Rossville until he notices a wildflower that catches his attention, drawn to the grave of a Rachel Dissoway, which is when <mask> is noticed by the rector of the graveyard, Mr. Brock.The two men discuss <mask>'s interest in wild flowers, particularly Peppergrass, which leads to Mr. Brock telling <mask> about a cemetery in a black community off of Bloomingdale Road. Mr. Brock gives <mask> the contact of a Mr. G. Hunter, who is the chairman of trustees of the Methodist Church in the community, Sandy Ground, where <mask> would like to go look for

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texts: Peppergrass. <mask>, using the information given to him by Mr. Brock, contacts Mr. Hunter, and sets up a time to meet the man at his house that coming Saturday morning, for him to explore Sandy Ground. On Saturday morning, <mask> arrives at Mr. Hunter's home, where he is greeted by Mr. Hunter, who at the time of his arrival is icing a cake. In the time while <mask> is at Mr. Hunter's home, <mask> learns a great deal about the history of Sandy Ground. While in the kitchen, the two men discuss multiple concepts—such as the wildflower pokeweed that the older women of Sandy Ground, including Mr. Hunter's mother, believed that they root had healing properties, even though others just generally regard them as poisonous. Following this, there's commentary about what kind of wood Mr. Hunter's house is built of, and talk about how much he despises flies while the two men are sitting on the porch, (as well as a discussion about the history of Sandy Ground, which started due to the wanting of oysters).Following the incident with the flies, Mr. Hunter and <mask> begin their trip to the graveyard. On the way to the graveyard, <mask> discusses more discussion  regarding Mr. Hunter's family and himself—such as the fact that Mr. Hunter wasn't born in the South, but his mother was; more so, his mother was a slave from Virginia, and her mother before her. After Mr. Hunter's mother's slavery days, she moved to Brooklyn, where she met and married his father, although, after his father served a sentence, the family moved to Sandy Ground, hoping to get work by harvesting oysters. After his father's death, Mr. Hunter's mother married a man from Sandy Ground,

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texts: who Mr. Hunter did not much care for, but goes into the history of his step family nonetheless. Mr. Hunter then goes into discuss how he too became a drunk, and the several jobs he had such as a bricklayer and a business owner, before marrying his first wife. Mr. Hunter reveals that he was married twice, and lost both his wives, he also reveals that he had a son who died. After this revelation, the two men enter the cemetery.The men discuss different roots, some of which <mask> is familiar with, and one of which he is not, until they come across a grave that Mr. Hunter says is his Uncle's. Mr. Hunter, while <mask> explores a little more, works on getting the vines off the gravestone, so the two men can better observe it. Following this, the two men stop at a number of different graves, with Mr. Hunter narrating short life stories of each individual they tend to stop at. The routine of stopping, narrating, and continuing comes to a cease upon the two men reaching Mr. Hunter's plot, where he will actually not be buried due to a mishap—of which Mr. Hunter explains clearly, and emotionally, admitting it outraged him. Taking two steps further, Mr. Hunter shows <mask> were he will be buried in all actuality, stating, “'Ah, well, (…), it won’t make any difference'” ending the article, (<mask>). The article, like many others did acquire a level of scrutiny following the publication of a <mask> biography written by Thomas Kunkel in 2015. Kunkel's biography brought to light several fascinating facts about <mask>'s life, however, some of the information provided from it opened up a wormhole, specifically the revelation that certain pieces of


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 <mask>'s articles were fabricated and the period of time of which the events took place shortened.Many critics it appears were distraught, such as Michael Rosenwald, a writer for the Columbia Journalism Review. Following the publication of the book, Rosenwald wrote an article entitled, “‘I Wish This Guy Hadn’t Written This Book’”. In this article, Rosenwald explores his own relationship with <mask> -- stating how the man influenced both himself and other generations of writers and how his favorite article by him is "Mr. Hunter's Grave", then goes into his disappointment about what was put in the Kunkel biography, stating, “For me, learning these things was like a kid discovering his favorite baseball player whacked long home runs while juicing on steroids” showcasing the betrayal he felt. Rosenwald's article also entails the opinion of another well respected journalist, Gay Talese, who Rosenwald is friends with. Upon reading the novel, and hearing about it himself, Rosenwald records that Talese said something along the lines of, “'To hear that one of the guys I grew up admiring did things I don’t think I’d want to be accused of doing, it’s troubling and sad'”. "Dragger Captain"
In January 1947 "Dragger Captain" appeared in The New Yorker in two parts. In this profile <mask> talks to and follows 47-year-old Ellery Thompson who is captain of a dragger boat, named Eleanor.The Eleanor works out of Stonington port in Connecticut. <mask> chooses Ellery Thompson as he is “the most skillful and the most respected of the captain in the Stonington fleet”. <mask> and Captain Thompson soon find that they have compatible personalities, thus,

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texts: allowing <mask> to accompany Ellery during his drags. Throughout the article we gradually learn more about Ellery as a person and not just a dragger captain. Ellery's brother, Morris, died at sea trying to combat poor sailing conditions to try and make a living. Ellery has to then drag for his own brother's body, giving us an insight as to the reason why Ellery looks upon life “with a droll world-weariness”. But Ellery is also a kind and thoughtful man.For example, unlike other draggers, he keeps the best lobster he catches for himself and his crew. Additionally, when the oceanographers from Yale University sail with him on the Eleanor one day a month he flies an “old Yale pennant”. The article closes with Frank, one of Ellery's two crew mates, telling an interesting folk tale. The story is about Old Chrissy, “an old rascal of a woman that was the head of a gang of Block Island wreckers”. The gig was that Chrissy and her crew would lure ships in “with false lights, & they killed the sailors & the passengers, so there wouldn't be any tales told”. On one occasion she unknowingly lures in her own son's ship. But, she chooses to “clout him on the head.‘A son’s a son,’ she said, ‘but a wreck’s a wreck”. “Dragger Captain” was met with much critical acclaim. So much so, that the rights were acquired by Warner Brothers and it was rumoured that they were going to “develop it for Gary Cooper”. Thompson was promised 10% of any proceeds by <mask>. Ultimately though, nothing came of the rumours with Michell calling it “studio commissary gossip” and stating that “the only truth in it is that a writer has been assigned to try and work out a script on

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 dragger finishing, using the Profile as background”. Joe Gould's Secret
In Joe Gould's Secret (1965), <mask> expanded upon two earlier New Yorker profiles, “Professor Sea Gull” (1942) and “Joe Gould’s Secret” (1964), concerning Joe Gould, an eccentric bohemian living in New York City. Following Gould's death, <mask> embarks on a search for the massive book Gould had long claimed to be writing, An Oral History of Our Time.<mask> soon learns that the purportedly nine-million-word work of oral history does not exist. However, he finds that Gould is a popular and central figure within a number of New York circles. Extending <mask>'s abiding concerns with the anti-hero and the New York landscape,Joe Gould’s Secret also captures the essence of Gould's non-existent oral history by preserving the life and voice of Joe Gould. Gould's writing is digressive and self-referential; however, <mask>'s writing in Joe Gould’s Secret diverges from his previous works. <mask> often speaks in first person while offering personal accounts and memories revolving around the plot. Furthermore, Gould's nonexistent “Oral History” is an attempt to capture the voices of the plebeian class, or the anti-heroes. <mask>'s entire work, especially Joe Gould’s Secret, captures the selfsame essence.His work often revolves around character study, in which he captures Joe Gould's profile. Gould struggles with writing and rewriting the first few chapters of his “Oral History” because of writer's block. Ironically, <mask>, himself, is struggling with a degree of writer's block in which he was unable, later in life, to continue his previous writing output. Critical reception

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texts: Critical reviews of <mask>'s works are, almost overwhelmingly, positive. Many critics have labeled <mask> "the best reporter in the country" and marked him as the writer with whom "any writer with aspirations in literary journalism...has to reckon with," and the writer that "transform[ed] the craft of reporting into art". William Zinsser states that <mask> serves as the "primary textbook" for "nonfiction writers of any generation". Critics credit <mask>'s strength as a writer to his "skills as an interviewer, photographic representation of his characters and their speech, deadpan humor, and graceful, unadorned prose style".Critics also note that it is <mask>'s "respect and compassion for his subjects" that allows him to explore uncomfortable themes like "mortality, change, and the past". Throughout <mask>'s career, he has been praised for his "ear for dialogue and eye for detail, genuine interest in the lives of his subjects, rhythmic, simple prose". For many critics, <mask> serves as the model writer for "generations of nonfiction writers" In the latter part of <mask>'s career, critics began to note that the tone of his writing had become "increasingly nostalgic" but that he retained his "earthly sense of humor and obvious delight in making new discoveries about New York". One notable literary critic, Noel Perrin, notes that "<mask> described the life and even the very soul of New York as perhaps no one else ever has". There are critics who question <mask>'s legacy as a journalist because of his tendency to "cross a line" between fiction and nonfiction, often "shaping the facts" of his stories to offer "the core 'truth' of the story"


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 rather than "its interior factuality". One critic asks, "knowing [<mask>] fabricated and embellished, how should we view his legacy?" In popular culture
In 2000, Joe Gould's Secret, a feature film directed by Stanley Tucci and written by Howard A. Rodman, was released.It focuses on the relationship between <mask> (played by Tucci) and Joe Gould (Ian Holm) during the 1940s. <mask> is portrayed in The Blackwell Series, an indie computer game series revolving around paranormal themes. In the second game of the series, the player encounters <mask> during the prolonged writer's block of his later years. In the third game of the series, the player encounters ghosts of both <mask> and Joe Gould. <mask> is referenced by the editor of the Baltimore Sun, Gus Haynes, in the last episode of the HBO drama The Wire. Steve Earle's song "Down Here Below", from Washington Square Serenade, mentions <mask> directly saying, “I saw <mask>'s ghost on a downtown 'A' train. He just rides on forever now that the Fulton Fish Market's shut down."Bibliography

Collections from prior newspaper works

Collections of work from The New Yorker

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All works from The New Yorker

1931–1939

 Comment With E.B. White Comment (January 16, 1931)
 Comment With E.B. White Comment (August 12, 1932)
 High Hats' Harold D. Winney & <mask> The Talk of the Town (June 9, 1933)
Reporter at Large They Got Married in Elkton A Reporter at Large (November 3, 1933)
Home Girl Profiles (February 23, 1934)
Reporter at Large. Bar and Grill. A Reporter at Large (November 13, 1936)
Mr. Grover A. Whalen and the Midway A Reporter at Large (June 25, 1937)
 The Kind Old Blonde Fiction (May 27,

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<mask> (, ; April 2, 1908, Ekaterinodar, Russian Empire – 1986, Leningrad, USSR) was a Soviet, Russian–Latvian painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her still life painting. Biography
<mask> was born April 2, 1908 in Ekaterinodar, Kuban Oblast, Russian Empire, in the teacher's family, who arrived in the Kuban from Riga. After graduation nine-years high school she studied in 1926-1930 at the Kuban Teachers College, where she gained first professional skills of the painter. After graduating from college in 1930-1931 she taught drawing in high school in Krasnodar. Ability to draw, a bright character and a desire to improve in their chosen profession identified further choice of the path. In 1931 <mask> comes to Leningrad, worked as an artist at the Stalin Metalworks, then studied at the Institute for Advanced education of Art workers. In 1936 <mask> entered at the third course of the Painting department of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture.She studied of Semion Abugov, Genrikh Pavlovsky, Dmitry Mitrokhin, Rudolf Frentz. In 1939 <mask> graduated from Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture in Alexander Osmerkin personal Art Studio. Her graduate work was genre painting named "Lesson of the circle, studying the Naval Science" (Museum of Academy of Arts, Saint Petersburg). In October 1939 <mask> was admitted to the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, receiving a membership card number 285. In 1940-1941, by the invitation of Professor

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texts: Rudolf Frentz she works as an assistant in his studio of battle painting of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. After the beginning of Great Patriotic War <mask> and her daughter were evacuated to Kazakhstan in city Leninsk-Kuznetsk. There she worked as an artist of Drama Theater named after S. Ordzhonikidze, participated in the design of the city, as well as exhibitions of artists of Kuzbass.In 1944 <mask> returned to Leningrad. She began her teaching job, first in the Secondary Art School at the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, then at the Department of General Painting in Vera Mukhina Institute. At the same time she works a lot creatively and participated in most exhibitions of Leningrad artists. She painted genre paintings, portraits, still lifes, and landscapes. She worked in oil painting, watercolors, charcoal drawings. The greatest success and recognition achieved in the genre of still life paintings and watercolors. In 1951 <mask> leave teaching and move to work under contracts with LenIzo (Commercial Association of Leningrad Artists) as an artist of painting.It was during this period of still life is establishing itself as the leading genre in her work. This is evidenced by the work shown at the Spring exhibitions of Leningrad artists in 1954 and 1955 years, and the Autumn exhibitions in 1956 and 1958 years. Still lifes with flowers and fruits that are painted by her in this period were frankly fictional, masterfully orchestrated, elegant and solemn talking about the fullness and joy of life. In 1960s <mask> made some creative journeys in search of material for

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Elena Skuin


title: Elena Skuin

texts: paintings, including her native Kuban land. Their results led to numerous sketches done from the life, also paintings "Tobacco of Kuban", "In horticulture" (both 1962), "Tobacco", "Garden Still Life" (both 1964), and others, as well as turn in the manner of her painting. After trips to the Kuban tonal painting techniques are giving way to decorative painting. The leading place in her works is given color spot, specifying the character of the composition.For her manners are typical of a bright saturated colors, exquisite color relationships, broad painting, decorative and upbeat attitude. A peak of her decorative painting comes in the works of 1971 "Dark-blue buckets", and "Still Life with red balloons". Here the color spot conveys the shape of objects with modeling just one silhouette. The brevity decision created at the same time a wide range of associations. A color of objects, ordinary and familiar, becomes self-sufficient, and received semi-mystical importance, with a deep richness of overtones, with a broad associative, emotional content. Among her famous paintings of this period are "Still Life with Quince", "Still Life with Fish" (both 1961), "Begonia", "Watering can and Roses" (both 1964), "Violets" (1965), "Still Life with Jug and persimmon", "Blue Still Life" (both 1968), "The branch of the Apricot Tree" (1968), "Wistarias", "Lacemaker" (both 1969), "Evening Primrose and Cyclamen" (1971), "Favorite profession. Florists" (1975), "Lilacs", "The Apple Tree in Blossom" (both 1980), and others.In 1970s <mask>in lot works in watercolor. Such works as "Still Life with bluebell" (1969), "Old English china and pineapple" (1971), "Red Corner" (1974), and


title: Elena Skuin

texts:
 others can be attributed her as outstanding master of watercolors. Owning a variety of watercolor techniques, she created a vivid memorable images close contemporary of the objective world, passing its aesthetic value and giving warmth things that make our everyday environment. Her solo exhibitions were in Leningrad (1978) and Saint Petersburg (2005). <mask> <mask> died in Leningrad in 1986. Her paintings reside in State Russian Museum, in Art museums and private collections in Russia, in the U.S., Japan, Germany, England, France, and throughout the world. See also
 Leningrad School of Painting
 List of 20th-century Russian painters
 List of painters of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists
 Saint Petersburg Union of Artists

References

Sources
 The Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1954.Catalogue. - Leningrad: Izogiz, 1954. - p. 18. The Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1955. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad Union of artists, 1956. - p. 17.The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1956. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad artist, 1958. - p. 22. The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1958. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1959.- p. 25. Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1960. Exhibition catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1961. - p. 38. Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1961. Exhibition catalogue.- Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1964. - p. 37. The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1962. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1962. - p. 25. The Leningrad Fine Arts Exhibition.- Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1964. - p. 50. The Spring Exhibition of works

masks:
Elena Petrovna
Skuin


title: Elena Skuin

texts:
 School.Exhibition catalogue. - Saint Petersburg: Nikolai Nekrasov Memorial museum, 1997. - p. 6. In Memory of the Teacher. Exhibition of Saint Petersburg artists - students of Alexander Osmerkin. - Saint Petersburg: Nikolai Nekrasov Memorial Museum, 1997. - p. 4–5.Matthew C. Bown. Dictionary of 20th Century Russian and Soviet Painters 1900-1980s. - London: Izomar, 1998. , . Link of Times: 1932 - 1997. Artists - Members of Saint - Petersburg Union of Artists of Russia. Exhibition catalogue. - Saint - Petersburg: Manezh Central Exhibition Hall, 1997.- p. 298. <mask> <mask>. - Saint petersburg: RusArt, 2005. Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.- Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – pp.9, 15, 20, 21, 369, 384, 385, 389-397, 401, 404-407, 439, 443. , . Anniversary Directory graduates of Saint Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, Russian Academy of Arts. 1915 - 2005. - Saint Petersburg: Pervotsvet Publishing House, 2007. p. 51. .
 Логвинова Е. Круглый стол по ленинградскому искусству в галерее АРКА // Петербургские искусствоведческие тетради. Вып. 31. СПб, 2014.С.17-26. External links

 Art works and Biography of <mask>in in ARKA Fine Art Gallery

1908 births
1986 deaths
People from Krasnodar
People from Kuban Oblast
20th-century Russian painters
Soviet painters
Socialist realism
Socialist realism artists
Russian watercolorists
Leningrad School artists
Members of the Leningrad Union of Artists
Russian women artists
Russian women painters
Russian still life painters
Soviet women artists
Women watercolorists
Repin Institute of Arts alumni
20th-century Russian

masks:
Elena Petrovna
Skuin
Elena Sku


title: Felix da Housecat

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>., August 25, 1971) is an American DJ and record producer, mostly known for house music and electro. <mask>calateer, Thee Maddkatt Courtship, Aphrohead and Sharkimaxx, but also for his ownership of Radikal Fear Records. Musical career

Early life
Stallings developed an interest in the emergent Chicago house music scene at a young age. While a student at Rich East High School in Park Forest, Illinois in the mid-1980s, a chance introduction to acid house pioneer DJ Pierre gave the then 15-year-old Stallings his break, and under the patronage and guidance of Pierre, he released his first single, "Phantasy Girl," in 1987. Also in 1987, <mask> went to Alabama State University to study media and communication. There he studied different musicians of the era, including Prince, A Tribe Called Quest, and Gang Starr, as well as developing an interest in hip hop and R&B tracks.1990s
After graduating, he released "Thee Dawn" on Guerilla Records. He became popular in Europe, and in the following year, "By Dawn's Early Light" and "Thee Industry Made Me Do It" followed. A further single, "In The Dark We Live (Thee Lite)", appeared under his pseudonym, Aphrohead. Originally released on the UK label, Bush, "In The DaAlbum", followed in 1998. In 1999, he released "In The Dark We Live". Shortly afterwards, Stallings formed Radikal Fear Records. It released material from Mike Dunn, DJ Sneak, and Armando as well as <mask> himself.During 1995, he released his debut album Alone in the Dark (as Thee

masks:
Felix da Housecat
Felix Stallings Jr
Felixz
Felix
Felix


title: Felix da Housecat

texts:
 Maddkatt Courtship) on Deep Distraxion, followed by the Radikal Fear compilation album, The Chicago All Stars and a remix album entitled Clashbackk Compilation Mix. The album I Know Electrikboy was never officially released in either the US or UK, although promotional copies are in circulation. 2000s
In 2001, Kittenz and Thee Glitz, written and produced alongside Tommie Sunshine, Miss Kittin, Dave The Hustler, Harrison Crump, Junior Sanchez, Junior Jack and Melistar, was released which gained <mask> mainstream exposure. At the end of that year, <mask> won Best Album at the now-defunct Muzik Awards. The ensuing fame brought <mask> remix work for Madonna, Britney Spears and Kylie Minogue. The proper follow-up, Devin Dazzle & the Neon Fever, was released in 2004, though <mask> released a pair of mix albums, 2002's Excursions and 2003's A Bugged Out Mix, in between. <mask> also collaborated with P Diddy on the pair's "Jack U" single.The pair remain friends, with Diddy performing alongside <mask> at Space in Ibiza in 2005, and <mask> performing at Diddy's after-party for The Main Event at the Winter Music Conference. Various remixes of "Silver Screen Shower Scene" were used in video games such as Midnight Club 2, and SSX 3. The Soulwax Remix of his song "Rocket Ride" was featured in the game Need for Speed: Underground 2. "Everyone Is Someone in LA" was featured in Tony Hawk's American Wasteland. His songs have also featured in television programs such as The Sopranos and "Silver Screen Shower Scene"

masks: Felix Felix Felix Felix Felix Felix Felix


title: Felix da Housecat

texts:
 featured in the party scene in Shane Black's 2005 film, Kiss Kiss Bang Bang. <mask>'s album, Virgo Blaktro and the Movie Disco, was released on October 2, 2007 in the US on Nettwerk Records. Production was overseen by Dallas Austin."Future Calls The Dawn" was released on July 9, 2007 on Wall of Sound/PIAS with "Sweetfrosti" featured as the B-side. "Sweetfrosti" contained a sample of Devo's "Snowball", originally released in 1981. "Like Something 4 Porno!" was released as the album's lead single on September 24, 2007 with remixes from Kris Menace, Teenage Bad Girl and Armand Van Helden, while a third single, "Radio", was released digitally in April 2008. Since then, <mask> has released his first Global Underground compilation, for the Newcastle-upon-Tyne compilation and club label. <mask> also teamed up with Kris Menace to release "Artificial" in June 2008. In 2009, <mask> released He Was King, via Nettwerk Records.Discography

Studio albums

Mix albums

Singles

Remixes
Passion Pit – "Little Secrets (<mask> Spears – "Toxic (<mask> Housecat's Club Mix)" (2004)
Buy Now! – "For Sale (<mask> Housecat Remix)" (2007)
Ladytron – "Playgirl (<mask> Housecat Glitz Club Mix)" (2001)
The Chemical Brothers – "Get Yourself High (<mask> Housecat's Chemical Meltdown Mix)" (2003)
The Disco Boys – "Born to Be Alive"
Garbage – "Androgyny (Thee Glitz mix)" & "Androgyny (Thee Drum Drum mix)" (2001)
Gwen Stefani – "What You Waiting For? (The Rude Ho Mix by <mask> Housecat)" (2005)
Holly Valance – "State of Mind (<mask> Da

masks:
Felix
Felix
Felix
Felix
Felix Daritney
Felix Da
Felix Da
Felix Da
Felix Da
Felix Da
Felix


title: Nelson Story

texts:
<mask>. (April 4, 1838 – March 10, 1926) was a pioneer Montana entrepreneur, cattle rancher, miner and vigilante, who was a notable resident of Bozeman, Montana. He was best known for his 1866 cattle drive from Texas with approximately 1000 head of Texas Longhorns to Montana along the Bozeman Trail—the first major cattle drive from Texas into Montana. His business ventures in Bozeman were so successful that he became the town's first millionaire. In 1893, he played a prominent role in the establishment of the Agricultural College of the State of Montana by donating land and facilities. He built the first Story Mansion on Main Street in Bozeman in 1880 and later built today's Story Mansion at the corner of Willson and College for his son, T<mask> in 1910. In his later years, he became a prominent real estate developer in Los Angeles, California. Early life
<mask>. was born in Burlingham, Meigs County, Ohio in 1838.<mask> was the youngest son of Ira and <mask> previously from New Hampshire. By the age of 18, <mask> was an orphan, taught school, and had been a student at Ohio University for two years. He made his way west to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Territory to hire on as a bullwhacker with a freighting outfit. By 1862 he was a successful freight driver operating out of Denver, Colorado. During a trip to Missouri, he met Ellen Trent and married her in Kansas 1862. In 1863, <mask> left Colorado with pack mules and ox teams and headed for Montana territory. <mask> and Ellen arrived in Virginia City, Montana in June 1863 shortly after the major gold strike at Alder Gulch, Montana.Montana gold fields
<mask> learned of a gold field that he felt had not been fully worked near Alder Gulch and began working it. Within a few months <mask> made $30,000 in gold; he exchanged it for $20,000 in cash and traveled to Fort Worth, Texas. He used this stake to finance the first cattle drive from Texas to Montana. Later, as a merchant operating in the Bannack and Virginia City, Montana, <mask>

masks:
Nelson Story Sr
. Byron Story
Nelson Story Sr
Nelson
Hannah Story
Story
Story
Nelson
Story
Story
Story


title: Nelson Story

texts:
 participated in the vigilante committees that ultimately hanged 21 criminals, including Henry Plummer. 1866 Cattle Drive

In 1866, <mask> traveled to Texas and spent $10,000 for 1000 (some accounts indicate possibly as many as 3000) head of Longhorn cattle. 1866 was the first year after the end of the American Civil War, and the economy of Texas, as in the rest of the former Confederacy, was devastated. However, there were significant numbers of cattle roaming Texas that could be had for very little money.Also, there was great demand for beef in the northern states along with money to pay for it. So, many returning Confederate soldiers begged or borrowed a stake to get a herd together. Many others signed on as trail drive cowboys. Give or take, about 260,000 cattle were driven north from Texas that summer toward the nearest rail shipping point at Sedalia, Missouri, in hopes of selling them there for a quick profit. To reach Sedalia, the cattle first had to be driven through the territory which was to become Oklahoma, but which at the time was the Indian Territory. This was the domain of the remnants of the Five Civilized Nations who had survived the Trail of Tears. While the tribes previously had tolerated the passage of a few herds, an exodus of this magnitude threatened their ability to support their own grazing cattle.Rather than blocking the herds entirely, they decided to charge 10 cents a head for passage. <mask> paid the fee. During the Civil War, bands of Union Kansans known as Jayhawkers had raided east into Confederate Missouri. At the war's close, they remained as a force in Kansas. The crossing point for the Texas herds into Kansas/Missouri was at the town of Baxter Springs in the southeast corner of Kansas. Here the Jayhawkers stopped cattle drives cold, stealing some herds and generally forcing the rest to stay in the Indian Territory. This was the situation that <mask> found when he arrived at Baxter Springs.As he approached the town, armed men demanded two

masks:
Nelson Story
Story
Story


title: Nelson Story

texts:
 dollars per head for the longhorns to continue. <mask> refused to pay, and instead routed his cattle through Indian Territory on a circuitous route toward Fort Leavenworth. <mask> decided to try for Montana and its lucrative market of gold miners in Virginia City, Montana, and became part of the first ever cattle drive on the Bozeman Trail. He pointed his herd north for the long drive. With a large measure of courage and a large measure of luck he brought his cattle over the Bozeman Trail into Montana. At Fort Phil Kearny, between present day Buffalo and Sheridan, Wyoming, the U.S. Army ordered <mask> and his drovers to stop because of aggression by Sioux warriors led by Red Cloud. <mask> ignored the order, evaded the Army, and continued the drive into Montana, encountering and fighting Sioux warriors along the way.Only one drover was killed by Indians. The feat would not be duplicated for another 4 years. <mask> and the herd arrived in what is now Livingston, Montana, in December 1866 and established winter quarters for his men and cattle. <mask> established a thriving cattle herd, and for at least two years he shrewdly bought and sold cattle to hungry miners for up to ten times the Texas price. In 1870, when placer mining in Montana was starting to decline, <mask> and his ranch in the Paradise Valley had become the leading cattleman in the northern plains. Some credit <mask> with naming the now famous Paradise Valley for its grand scenery and abundant wildlife. This 1866 cattle drive inspired Larry McMurtry's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel Lonesome Dove.,

Bozeman, Montana
<mask> settled his family in Bozeman where he used his business sense and cattle fortune to engage in banking, mercantile, and grain businesses.In 1882, along with Lester S. Willson, J.E. Martin, Broox Martin, and Edwin Lewis, <mask> helped capitalize one of the first banks in the county, the Gallatin Valley National Bank. The bank failed during the Panic of 1893 and never reopened. In 1882, <mask> opened

masks:
Story
Nelson Story
Story
Story
Story
Story
Story
Story
Story
Story
Story


title: Nelson Story

texts:
 the Story Flour Mill at the mouth of Bridger Creek. This mill produced up to 100 bushels a day and was a major source of flour for the U.S. Army at Fort Ellis and for the Crow Indian Reservation in southeastern Montana. His business activities made him Bozeman's first millionaire. <mask> was a charter member of the Society of Montana Pioneers and society Vice President for Gallatin County in 1886.Los Angeles, California
<mask> and his wife Ellen had a son, Walter Perry <mask>, who was born in Bozeman, Montana, on December 18, 1882. He was the last born of their children. Walter began his education but later attended Shattuck Military Academy at Faribault, Minnesota. He left there in 1902 and graduated from Eastman Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York in 1903. He returned to Bozeman to work with his father until 1905, when he went back to Los Angeles. There he worked in real estate and founded the first motor transit line in the western United States. He then helped his father develop more business in Los Angeles, including building the Story Building, which had twelve stories and was completed on April 1, 1910.The elder <mask> then retired and move back to Bozeman but died in Los Angeles on March 10, 1926. Walter began his military service by enlisting as a private, later serving in World War I. He was out of the military until 1920 when he was commissioned as a captain of infantry in the California National Guard. He became a Brigadier General in July 1926. He wasn't promoted to Major General for another 11 years. In 1928 he founded Camp Merriam, which is now known as Camp San Luis Obispo. He entered federal military service in March 1941 and took command of the 40th Infantry Division.He was relieved of command in September 1941, and retired from active list in July 1942. Legacy

<mask> and <mask> had seven children, four of whom survived to adulthood. <mask>. (1874–1932) became an alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from Montana in 1904, the mayor of

masks:
Nelson Story
Story
Story
Story
Nelson
Ellen Story
Nelson Jr


title: Nelson Story

texts:
 Bozeman (1905–07), and the Lieutenant Governor of Montana (1921–25). Thomas Byron <mask> (1876–1954) became a prominent Bozeman merchant and lived in the new Story Mansion on College St. and Willson Ave.  Walter P<mask> (1882–1957) became a prominent Los Angeles businessman and decorated Major General in the California National Guard. The Walter P. Story Building (1909) at 6th and Broadway in Los Angeles, California, was built by <mask> as a gift to Walter. It was one of the first skyscrapers in Los Angeles and still stands today as The New Story Building. <mask>'s great-great grandson, <mask>, still operates the Story Ranch and Cattle Company in Paradise Valley, Montana.<mask> donated  of land in 1893 for an agricultural college that became Montana State University. In 1876 he was accused, but not indicted, of defrauding the Crow Indians—and later claimed he had bribed the jury. He was called a "cattle king", "captain of industry", and a "robber baron". In 1919, <mask>. and T. Byron <mask> funded the construction of the Ellen Theater on Main Street Bozeman to honor their mother Ellen. The theater was designed by architect Fred F. Willson, son of Bozeman pioneer Lester S. Willson and still operates as a theater today. In 1959, <mask> was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum. In 2008, <mask> was inducted into the Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame as a founding, Legacy member.<mask> and <mask> are buried in Sunset Hills Cemetery, Bozeman, Montana along with several of their children. This photo is the marker to his family plot. These were once the marble front porch columns to his original house in Bozeman when it was built on Main Street. Strangers often wandered into the house because they thought it was the courthouse. Further reading

Notes

1838 births
1926 deaths
People from Meigs County, Ohio
People from Bozeman, Montana
Montana pioneers
People from Beaverhead County, Montana
People from Virginia City, Montana
American

masks:
Story
. Story
Nelson Story
Nelson Story
Mike Story
Story
Nelson Jr
Story
Nelson Story
Story
Nelson
Ellen Story


title: Ray Lankford

texts:
<mask> (born June 5, 1967)  is a former center fielder in Major League Baseball who played for the St. Louis Cardinals and San Diego Padres from 1990 to 2004. He was known for his combination of power, speed, and defensive prowess. Early years
<mask> was born in Los Angeles and grew up in Modesto, California, where he attended Grace M. Davis High School and played both baseball and football. He later played baseball and football at Modesto Junior College. <mask>'s uncle, Carl Nichols, was a professional baseball player and spent parts of six seasons in the major leagues. Career

<mask> made his major league debut with St. Louis in August 1990, and soon after took over the center field position previously occupied by former National League MVP Willie McGee. He started his career as primarily a leadoff man, where his speed and plate discipline made him a potent force.In his first full season in 1991, he led the league with 15 triples, stole 44 bases, and scored 83 runs, earning him a third-place finish in NL Rookie of the Year voting. On September 15, 1991, he accomplished the rare feat of hitting for the cycle, becoming the first Cardinal rookie ever to do so. In 1992, he began to hit for more power, and posted a breakout season with a .293 batting average, 20 home runs, and 42 stolen bases. This season established <mask> as one of the best all-around outfielders in the game. He eventually moved down in the batting order to take further advantage of his power hitting ability. <mask> posted five seasons of 20 home runs and 20 stolen bases with the Cardinals (1992, 1995–1998), making him the only player in franchise history to accomplish the feat more than once. He also was an impressive fielder, posting a 2.90 range factor in 1992 and committing only one error in 1996.In the latter season, he led the league with a fielding percentage of .997 but was still not awarded a Gold Glove. On April 3, 1994, <mask> achieved an unusual distinction: he hit a home run as the first batter of the season (it was the first day of the season, and only one game was played that day). He was selected as the starting center fielder for the

masks:
Raymond Lewis Lankford
Lankford
Lankford
Lankford
Lankford
Lankford
Lankford


title: Ray Lankford

texts: National League in the 1997 All-Star Game after a dominating hitting performance in the first half of the season, and posted an offensive career year the following season. In 1998, he hit .293 with 31 home runs, 105 runs batted in and 26 stolen bases. It was his late season surge batting cleanup that helped Mark McGwire, hitting in front of <mask> in the Cardinal order, to set the single season home run record with 70. Following the 1998 season, <mask> had knee surgery and was moved to left field. In his first year at the position, he posted a career high .306 batting average and 15 home runs in an injury-shortened season.He also compiled impressive defensive statistics at his new position. <mask> was traded from St. Louis to San Diego during the 2001 season for pitcher Woody Williams. Criticism of his always high strikeout totals helped prompt the trade, even though he had continued to be more productive statistically than many of the other outfielders receiving playing time in St. Louis, including journeyman utility player Craig Paquette and rookie Kerry Robinson. At the time of the trade, <mask> was slugging an impressive .496 and maintaining a .345 on-base percentage despite a disappointing batting mark of .235. His numbers, though, had declined as he increasingly found himself in a bench role as the season progressed. He responded to the trade well, however, batting .288 in the balance of the season for San Diego under the tutelage of eight-time batting champion Tony Gwynn. He returned to the Padres for 2002, but his lone full season in San Diego was marred by injury and inconsistency, as he appeared in only 81 games and batted a career low .221.He took the 2003 season off to continue his recovery process before returning to St. Louis, where he finished his career in 2004. Once again he saw his playing time dip late in the season after the Cardinals acquired Larry Walker from the Colorado Rockies in late August. He was not placed on the postseason roster in 2004, but did earn a National League championship ring for his role in the Cardinals' first pennant-winning season since 1987. <mask> finished his career

masks: Lankford Lankford Lankford Lankford Lankford


title: Ray Lankford

texts:
 among the Cardinal Top 10 in numerous statistical categories, including home runs (third), stolen bases (fifth), runs scored (eighth), runs batted in (eighth), and bases on balls (fourth). <mask> hit more home runs at Busch Stadium (123) than any other player, and finished his career in his home ballpark with a pinch hit home run in his final major league at bat on October 3, 2004. He is the only player to have 200 home runs and 200 stolen bases as a Cardinal. He participated in festivities commemorating the final season at Busch Stadium in 2005, including taking down his signature jersey number 16 from a banner counting down the remaining games at the ballpark and accepting a nomination for the All-Time Busch Stadium Team.He also indicated he is interested in making a return to baseball in the future. On January 31, 2018, the St. Louis Cardinals nominated <mask>, alongside Vince Coleman, Keith Hernandez, Jason Isringhausen, Scott Rolen, Lee Smith, and John Tudor as the seven players for possible induction into the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame. On May 4, once the fan votes were tallied, <mask> and Vince Coleman were enshrined into the St. Louis Cardinals 2018 class. Career statistics

See also

 List of Major League Baseball annual triples leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career games played as a center fielder leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career putouts as a center fielder leaders
 List of Major League Baseball players to hit for the cycle
 List of St. Louis Cardinals team records

References

Further reading

External links
, or Retrosheet
<mask>'s Official Site

1967 births
Living people
Major League Baseball center fielders
St. Louis Cardinals players
San Diego Padres players
National League All-Stars
Baseball players from Los Angeles
African-American baseball players
Johnson City Cardinals players
Modesto Pirates baseball players
Springfield Cardinals players
Arkansas Travelers players
Louisville Redbirds players
Prince William Cannons players
Memphis Redbirds players
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American

masks:
Lankford
Lankford
Ray Lankford
Ray Lankford


title: Haider Qureshi

texts:
<mask> (),<mask>am <mask> () born on 1 September 1953 in Rabwah, Punjab, He is a Pakistani Urdu poet, short story writer, essayist, critic, editor and journalist. He writes in Urdu. Personal life

<mask> was born in Rabwah, Chiniot District, Punjab, Pakistan He belongs to a Siraiki-speaking family. His father <mask>war was from Khanpur, Rahim Yar Khan. <mask> began writing verses in the age of 18. After passing his secondary level in 1968, he started working at a sugar mill, in the same year he wrote his first romantic story. He wrote his first ghazal in 1971 soon after his marriage.Later he obtained his Master of Arts (M.A.) in Urdu literature in 1974. <mask> Qureshi moved to Germany in 1994, and is living there uptil. He is now a German Nationality holder having Pakistani background. Literary career

<mask> was an active member of literary circles in Khanpur. His six publications are related to anthologies of ghazal, nazm and mahiya. He had also penned short stories, sketches,memories, inshaiya (light essays), a travelog of his pilgrimage to Mecca and a literary collection of his 11 Books Umre-La ' haasil ka Haasil  (The outcome of futile life).He is also a strong supporter of Urdu mahiya and has been both praised and criticised for his work on mahiya in the poetry circles. He is the editor of the literary Urdu magazine Jadeed Adab, first launched from Khanpur in 1978, and later from Germany. <mask>'s poetry has been translated into English, Arabic, German and Turkish. Most of his

masks:
Haider Qureshi
Qureshi Ghul
Haider Arshad
Haider Qureshi
Qureshi Ghulam Sar
Haider Qureshi
Haider
Qureshi
Qureshi


title: Haider Qureshi

texts:
 literary work is comprised in the book Umr-e-Lahaasil Ka Haasil, a Kulliyat of both poetry and prose. Jadeed Adab
Jadeed Adab  ()  was an Urdu literary magazine based in Germany founded by <mask> <mask>; he remains its editor-in-chief. It is published from Germany, Pakistan and India, in print form and on the internet. It was first launched  in 1978  from Khanpur, Pakistan.Farhat Nawaz was the co-editor of Jadeed Adab Khanpur in Pakistan. Jadeed Adab was founded in 1978 from Khanpur, Pakistan, by <mask> <mask> <mask>'s jewelry which he sold one after another until all were sold and the magazine ceased to be published. It is published from Germany, Pakistan and India, and it is available both in print form and on the internet. After several years the magazine was restarted from Germany. Jadeed Adab was (until the last 2012 issue) the only regularly published Urdu literary magazine both in print form and on the internet. Views
Dawn newspaper praised his poetry remarking;

Bibliography
Poetry

 Sulagtay Khawab (Smoldering Dreams)  Tajdeed Ishaat Ghar Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan. 1991

 Umre GurezaN (Reluctant Life)  Tajdeed Ishaat Ghar Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan.1994

 Mohabbat kay Phool (Flowers of Love) Nayab Publications Lahore. 1996

 Duaaey Dil (prayer from the Heart) Nusrat Publishers Lahore 1997

 GhazlaiN, Nazmain, Mahiay  Sarwar Adabi Academy Germany 1998

  Qafas Kay Andar (Inside The Cage) Akkas International Islamabad, 2013

 Dard Sumandar (Limitless pain)   2014

 Zindgi

masks: Haider Qureshi Haider Qureshibarika Haider


title: Haider Qureshi

texts:
 (Life)  2014

Prose
 Roshani ki Basharat(The Prophecy of Light.) – Tajdeed Ishaat Ghar Lahore, Islamabad
 "Qissay Kahaniyan"(Anecdotes and Stories)
 Afsaane (Short Stories)– Mayaar Publications Delhi, India. 1999
 Atmi Jang (Nuclear War)– Mayaar Publications Delhi, India. 1996
 Main Intezaar kerta hoon (And I Wait)– Sahitia Bharat, Delhi, India. 1999
 Meri Mohabbatein(Tales of my Heart)– Mayaar Publications Delhi, India. 1996–1998
 Soo-e-Hejaaz*(Journey to Makkah & Madeena)– Mayaar Publications Delhi, India.2000–2004
 Khatti Meethi Yaadein (sweet and sour Memories)
 Faaslay'Qurbaten (Aloofness and Intimacies)
 "Abba Ji aur Ammi Ji"(My Father and Mother)
 "Hayat e Mubarika Haider"(Biography of Mubarika <mask>)
 Mubarika Mahal (Mubarika Palace)
 " Beemari ya Roohani Tajrabah" (Illness or Spiritual Experience)

Research and critics books
 Dr. Wazir Agha ahad saaz shakhshiyat –(Dr. Wazir Agha History Maker).1995
 Hasil e Mutalea (Study gains). Tassuraat (Impressions). Mazameen aur Tabsaray (Essays and Reviews). Dr. Gopichand Narang aur Ma baad Jadeediat (Dr. Gopichand Narang and postmoderism). Dr. Satyapal Anand ki Boodni, NaBoodni
 Hamara Adabi Manzar Namah (Our Literary Scenario). Mazameen o Mabahes (Essays and debates). Urdu mein Mahiya Nigari –(Mahiya poetry in Urdu) Farhad Publications Rawalpindi, Pakistan.1999
 Urdu Mahiay ki Tehreek (Urdu Mahiya movement). Urdu Mahiye ke Baani Himmat Rai Sharma –(Founder of Urdu Mahia Himmat Rai Sharma). Mahiay ke Mabahes (Debates on Mahiya).


title: Haider Qureshi

texts:
 Urdu Mahiya (Mahiya in Urdu). Urdu Mahiya Tehqeeq o Tanqeed (Urdu Mahiya:Research and Criticism). University Research Thesis on the literary work of <mask> Qureshi
 PHD Topic "Haider Qureshi Shakhsiat aur Adabi Jahten" (Haider Qureshi Personality & literary facets) year 2013,
Research Sholar Dr. Abdul Rab Ustaad, Gulbarga University Gulbarga, India. M.Phil.Topic "<mask> Qureshi ki Adabi Khidmaat. (Literary contribution of <mask> Qureshi)   year 2014,
Researcher Aamir Sohail, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan. M. Phil Topic "Haider Qureshi Hayat o Khidmaat" (<mask> Qureshi Life & contribution to literature) year 2013,
Researcher Anjum Aara, Calcutta University, Kolkata, India. M.Phil. Topic "<mask> Qureshi bahesiat Mohaqqeq aur Naqqad"(<mask> Qureshi as a Researcher and a Critic) year 2018,
Researcher Sughra Begum, Federal Urdu University, Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil. Topic "Haider Qureshi ki Shairi ka Mutalea"(A study of <mask> <mask>'s poetry)  year 2014,
Researcher Hriday Bhano Pratap, Jawahar Lal Nehru university Delhi, India.M.Phil. Topic "<mask> Qureshi ki Afsana Nigari ka Mutalea"(A study of <mask> <mask>'s short stories) year 2014,
Researcher Razeena Khan, Jawahar Lal Nehru university Delhi, India. M.A. Topic "Sherul mehjer inda <mask> Qureshi... Ma-alTarjuma"Arabic,(Urdu poetry in other countries in the light of <mask> <mask> 's poetry ... this thesis is written in Arabic after translating 4 poetry books of <mask> Qureshi) year 2015,
Researcher Ahmad Abdurba Abbas, Azhar

masks: Haider Haider Haider Haider Haider Haider Haider Qureshi Haider Haider Qureshi Haider Haider Qureshi Haider


title: Haider Qureshi

texts:
 University, Cairo, Egypt. M.A. Topic "Haider Qureshi Shakhsiat aur Fann"(Haider Qureshi Personality & literary work)   year 2002,
Researcher Munazzah Yasmeen, Islamiah University Bahawal Pur, Pakistan. M.Phil.Topic "Majalla Jadeed Adab ki Adabi Khidmaat"(The contribution of"Jadid Adab" to literature) year 2018,
Researcher Kanwal Tabassum, Federal Urdu University, Islamabad.Pakistan. M.A. Topic "Jadeed Adab men shaey honay walay Mabahes",(Literary debates published in " Jadid Adab ") year 2009,
Researcher Shazia Humera, Islamia University Bahawal Pur, Pakistan. M.Phil. Topic "Risala Jadeed Adab ki Adabi Khidmaat.. Tehqeeqi o Tanqeedi Mutalea"
(A critical review to evaluate literary contribution of "Jadid Adab") year2018,
Researcher Mohamad Shoaib, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan. See also
 List of Pakistani poets
 List of Urdu language poets
 List of Pakistani writers
 List of Urdu language writers
 List of Pakistani journalists
 List of magazines in Pakistan

References

External links
 Official website
 "A Souvenir Day of Life"
 Collection of poems, (translated)
 H.Q. ka Kolkata aur Delhi ka Safar
 ALL THE BOOKS
 "Jadeed Adab Mira ji Number" DAILY TIMES 23.09.12
 Jadeed Adab emagazine
 List Of All The Books By Haider Qureshi
 University Research Thesis on the Literary Work of <mask> Qureshi

1952 births
Living people
Pakistani male journalists
Pakistani poets
Pakistani expatriates in Germany
People from Rahim Yar Khan District
Punjabi people
Urdu-language poets
People from


title: Jon Elster

texts:
<mask> (; born 22 February 1940, Oslo) is a Norwegian philosopher and political theorist who holds the Robert K. Merton professorship of Social Science at Columbia University. He received his PhD in social science from the École Normale Superieure in 1972. He has previously taught at the University of Paris, the University of Oslo, and the University of Chicago, where he became professor of political science in 1984. Since 1995, he has held the Robert K. Merton professorship of Social Science at Columbia University, as well as been professor of social science at the Collège de France since 2005. <mask> has authored works in the philosophy of social science and rational choice theory. He is also a notable proponent of analytical Marxism, and a critic of neoclassical economics and public choice theory, largely on behavioral and psychological grounds. In 2016, he was awarded the 22nd Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science for his contributions to political science.Biography
<mask> is the son of journalist/author and CEO of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation Torolf <mask>, and poet Magli <mask>. He earned his PhD in 1972 from the École Normale Superieure in Paris with a dissertation on Karl Marx under the direction of Raymond Aron. <mask> was a member of the September Group for many years but left in the early 1990s. <mask> previously taught at the University of Oslo in the department of history and held an endowed chair at the University of Chicago, teaching in the departments of philosophy and political science. He is now Robert K. Merton Professor of Social Sciences with appointments in Political Science and Philosophy at Columbia University and professeur honoraire at the Collège de France. He was awarded the Jean Nicod Prize in 1997 and the Skytte Prize in Political Science in 2016. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.He is also a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, of the American Philosophical Society, of the Academia Europaea, and a Corresponding Fellow of the British

masks:
Jon Elster
Elster
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title: Jon Elster

texts:
 Academy. <mask> is doctor honoris causa at the universities of Valencia, Stockholm, Oslo, Trondheim (NTNU), Louvain-la-Neuve, Torcuato di Tella, and the National University of Colombia. He is honorary professor at the University of Chongqing. Philosophical work

Much of <mask>'s writing is characterized by attempts to use analytical theories, especially rational choice theory, as a springboard for philosophical and ethical analysis, with numerous examples from literature and history. "Elster has made important contributions to several fields," Daniel Little wrote in a review essay. "The breadth and depth of his writings are striking in a time of high specialisation; he is read and discussed by political scientists, legal scholars, economists and philosophers. His work is difficult to summarise in a slogan, but ... it is generally informed by a broad and deep acquaintance with relevant literature in economics, political science, history, philosophy, and psychology."A student of the philosophy of social science (a topic he investigated through case studies in Explaining Technical Change), <mask> strongly argued that social scientific explanations had to be built on top of methodological individualism (the belief that only individuals, not larger entities like "organizations" or "societies", can actually do things) and microfoundations (explaining big societal changes in terms of individual actions). He criticized Marxists and other social scientists for believing in functionalism (the belief that institutions exist because of their effect on society) and instead tried to give Marxism a foundation in game theory (the economic notion that people make choices based on the expected benefits and the choices others are likely to make). <mask> wrote numerous books attempting to use rational choice theory for a wide variety of social explanations. "Rational choice theory is far more than a technical tool for explaining behaviour," he once wrote. "It is also, and very importantly, a way of coming to grips with ourselves - not only what

masks: Elster Elster Elster Elster


title: Jon Elster

texts:
 we should do, but even what we should be." He attempted to apply it to topics as varied as politics (Political Psychology), bias and constrained preferences (Sour Grapes), emotions (Alchemies of the Mind), self-restraint (Ulysses and the Sirens, which was selected for the Norwegian Sociology Canon), Marxism (Making Sense of Marx), and more. In doing so, he elucidated many issues with simplistic notions of rational choice: endogenous preference formation (certain actions today can change preferences tomorrow, so how does one decide which preferences one prefers?), framing (people express different preferences when the same question is asked different ways), imperfect rationality (weakness of the will, emotion, impulsiveness, habit, self-deception) and our adjustments for it, and time preferences, among others. As time went on <mask> began to sour on rational choice. A 1991 review in the London Review of Books noted "<mask> has lost his bearings, or at least his faith. [His latest books], he says, 'reflects an increasing disillusion with the power of reason'." His magisterial 500-page book Explaining Social Behavior includes something of a recantation:

The book discusses both rational behavior, but also irrational behavior, which <mask> says is "widespread and frequent [but] not inevitable ... we want to be rational". A more recent book, Le désintéressement (part of a two-volume Traité critique de l’homme économique), explores the ramifications of these insights for the possibility of disinterested action. Selected writings
 Leibniz et la formation de l'esprit capitaliste (Paris, 1975)
 Leibniz and the development of economic rationality (Oslo, 1975)
 Logic and Society (New York, 1978)
 Ulysses and the Sirens (Cambridge, 1979)
 Sour grapes.Studies in the subversion of rationality (Cambridge University Press, 1983)
 Explaining Technical Change : a Case Study in the Philosophy of Science (Oslo, 1983)

 An Introduction to Karl Marx (Cambridge, 1986)
 The Cement of Society: A study of social order (Cambridge, 1989)

masks: Elster Elster Elster


title: Kurt Oscar Weber

texts:
<mask> (26 July 1938 – 29 October 2011) was a Swiss-American fine artist, primarily working in sculpture and painting. He worked in several genres of art including German Expressionism, Abstract Expressionism, Color fielding, and Figuration. He is known for his international solo and group exhibitions primarily presented in the US, France, Switzerland, Austria, and Germany. He maintained studios in Emeryville, California and in Uerikon near Lake Zurich for over 30 years. Personal background
<mask><mask> was born on 26 July 1938 in Zurich, Switzerland. <mask> traveled internationally throughout his life. In 1968, he traveled to the US and with his wife, artist Colette Leitner, (AKA Lindner) began a 13-year adventure exploring the country.In 1970, he became a US citizen, while simultaneously maintaining his Swiss citizenship. During this period, he continued his artwork, which primarily included sketching and drafting ideas. Following their exploration across the US, which ended in 1981, <mask> divorced and moved to the western US. Arriving in California, <mask> set up a studio in Emeryville, located in the San Francisco Bay area. It was here that he created his first large-format images. Later on, he would commute back and forth between America and Europe, which continued until the 1990s when he temporarily took up residence in Basel. Following the separation from his second wife, he switched his primary residence back to San Francisco.While maintaining a studio in California, he continued to travel to Paris and Switzerland on a regular basis. It wasn't until 2009, that <mask> exhibited his art in his native city of Zurich for the first time. In Paris, during the growing environment of the

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Kurt Oscar Weber
Kurt O
. Weber
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Weber
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title: Kurt Oscar Weber

texts:
 existentialism, <mask> met Jean-Paul Sartre and Alberto Giacometti. He formed a lifelong friendship with the Giacometti, who advised him to develop and maintain ownership and independence of his artistic style and expression, apart from the influence and control of the artistic community that would seek to define his work based on the desires and artistic direction of others. To that end, <mask> continued to develop new techniques and painting processes, which included the use of mixed media, pigments, and bright, vibrant colors on various canvasses and placement boards. In 1964, with the encouragement of Giacometti, <mask> traveled to New York, where the avant garde movement had been developing and coming to prominence on a global scale. While intrigued by the creative expression of the abstract painters he encountered in New York, he was drawn to the historic monuments of the Mayas and the Aztecs and began traveling to Mexico regularly.It was this combination of experiences - the breadth and spatiality of American abstract painting and Mexico's luminous colors that moved <mask> to a radical new start. Educational background
<mask>'s professional training was varied and included studying with world-renowned artists throughout Europe. He attended the Kunstgewerbeschule (School of Applied Arts) in Vienna, Switzerland, from 1955 through 1958. The school was a highly progressive school that offered an education that focused primarily on architecture, furniture, crafts, and modern design. While Vienna's Academy of Fine Art was considered more prestigious and traditional, the education at Kunstgewerbeschule was dominated by instructors of the Vienna Secession. Following the completion of his

masks: Weber Weber Weber Weber Weber


title: Kurt Oscar Weber

texts:
 education at Kunstgewerbeschule, <mask> relocated to Paris, where he studied sculpture and painting under the guidance of André Lhôte, founder of the Académie d'Art in Montparnasse. Afterwards, <mask> went to Italy to study the famous murals and wall paintings created by Italian Renaissance painters.After completing initial studies of the Italian frescoes, <mask> moved to Salzburg, Austria, where he studied with Oskar Kokoschka, founder of the Schule des Sehens (School of Seeing). He additionally studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Zurich and the Académie de peinture et de sculpture (Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture) in Paris. He and studied lithography and etching with Stanley Hayter in Paris. Influences
André L’Hôte was not only a professor but also a significant influence on <mask>'s early emerging talent. Fernand Léger, also contributed to <mask> in his early years. As <mask>'s work matured the classic influences of Andrea Montegna, Caravaggio, Pierro Della Francesca, and Fra Angelica are evident. He received the greatest inspiration in his professional career from Alberto Giacometti and Pablo Picasso.Personal style
<mask>'s oeuvre consists of four distinct genres: Late German Expressionism, which reveals his close scrutiny of Max Beckmann, E. L. Kirchner, and Emile Nolde. Abstract Expressionist works salute Jackson Pollock, Conrad Marca-Relli, Arshille Gorky, and Philip Guston. Figuration nods to Eric Fischl and Egon Schiele. <mask>'s expansive Colorfields reflect his respect for fellow Bay Area artist, Richard Diebenkorn, as well as Helen Frankenthaler, Ad Reinhardt, and Barnett Newman. Death
<mask> died in Basel, Switzerland on 29 October 2011. At the time of his death,

masks: Weber Weber Weber Weber Weber Weber Weber Weber Weber


title: Kurt Oscar Weber

texts:
 he had perfected a previously undeveloped painting technique and process which allowed brilliant inks and pigment to adhere to translucent vellum. His last collective series encompassed the perfecting of this technique, which he referred to as Clusters.Following his death, an exhibition of a retrospective collection of <mask>'s life and work from 1960 through 2009 was presented at the Sammlung Gallerie S/Z in Zurich, running from June through August 2012. Another retrospective presentation of his work, entitled Remember,  was presented in 2012 at the Galerie Lilian Andrée, Riehen, in the canton of Basel-Stadt in Switzerland. Catalogue de l'exposition, Musée d'Art Moderne, Paris, 1963. "A Swiss Painter in America", Basler Zeitung, Basel, Switzerland, 1981. <mask> at Hatley Martin, San Francisco, Clifford Schwartz, 1986. <mask> at Lilian Andrée, Basel, Switzerland; Siegmar Gassert, 1991. Tansitions-California-Basel Doppelpunkt (Revue d'Art), Exposition Galerie Hilt, Basel, Switzerland, 1992.Catalogue de l'exposition à la Galerie Fernand Léger, Ivry sur Seine. Cimaise, Revue d'Art, Paris, 1993. Pierre-Marc-Levengeois: <mask>, "The Palimpset of Cities". Le Nouveau Quotidien, Lausanne, Suisse, Laurent Wolf: "<mask>, L'Homme qui va là où est la Peinture". Radio France Internationale, Allemagne. Arts plastique: Ironie et dérision, Ville d'Ivry: Actualité Culture
 Frank, Peter. <mask>, Paintings, SMI: Centre d'Art d'Ivry, 1994.Autour de Mark Tobey, Art contemporain, <mask>, 2003. Pariscope, <mask> à l'Ambassade de Suisse, Paris, Peintures récentes. Kunstbulletin, April 2004, Suisse, <mask> à l'Ambassade de Suisse, Paris, 2004. References

External links

Swiss contemporary artists
1938

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title: William Ernest Johnson

texts:
<mask>, FBA (23 June 1858 – 14 January 1931), usually cited as W. E<mask>, was a British philosopher, logician and economic theorist. He is mainly remembered for his 3 volume Logic which introduced the concept of exchangeability. Life and career
<mask> was born in Cambridge on 23 June 1858 to <mask> and his wife, Harriet (née Brimley). He was their fifth child. The family were Baptists and political liberals. He attended the Llandaff House School, Cambridge where his father was the proprietor and headteacher, then the Perse School, Cambridge, and the Liverpool Royal Institution School. At the age of around eight he became seriously ill and developed severe asthma and lifelong ill health.Due to this his education was frequently disrupted. In 1879 he entered King's College, Cambridge to read mathematics having won a scholarship and was placed 11th Wrangler in 1882. He stayed on to study for the Moral Sciences Tripos from which he graduated in 1883 with a First Class degree. He was also a Cambridge Apostle. In 1895 he married Barbara Keymer. After her sudden death in 1904 his sister Fanny moved in with him to care for his two sons. Having failed to win a prize-fellowship, he spent some time teaching mathematics.His first teaching post was as a lecturer in Psychology and Education at the Cambridge Women's Training College which he held for several years. He was University Teacher of Theory of Education 1893-98 and, from 1896 until 1901, University Lecturer in Moral Sciences at the University of Cambridge. In 1902 he was elected a Fellow of King's College, and appointed to the (newly-created) Sidgwick Lecturership, positions he held until his death. In 1923 he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy. <mask>'s students

masks:
William Ernest Johnson
. Johnson
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William Henry Farthing Johnson
Johnson


title: William Ernest Johnson

texts:
 included I. A. Richards, John Maynard Keynes, Frank Ramsey, Dorothy Wrinch, C. D. Broad, R. B. Braithwaite and Susan Stebbing. In 1912 (at Bertrand Russell's request) <mask> also attempted to 'coach' Ludwig Wittgenstein in logic but this was an arrangement that was both brief and unsuccessful.He died in St Andrew's Hospital, Northampton, on 14 January 1931 and is buried at Grantchester, Cambridgeshire. Work

<mask>, who suffered poor health, published little. That, though "very able", he was "lacking in vigour" and had "published almost nothing" is a matter Bertrand Russell commented upon unsympathetically in a letter to Ottoline Morrell of 23 February 1913. <mask>'s obituary in The Times, penned by J. M. Keynes, more kindly reports that "his critical intellect did not readily lend itself to authorship". A memorial in Mind also proffered a charitable partial explanation of his reluctance to publish. <mask>'s major publication was a three volume work Logic (1921,1922, 1924) which was based on his lectures. This may never have been published if it had not been for the efforts of Newnham student Naomi Bentwich (1891–1988).Bentwich persuaded him to publish, typed and co-edited the manuscript and encouraged him to finish the project. The preface to the first volume carries the acknowledgement: "I have to express my great obligations to my former pupil, Miss Naomi Bentwich, without whose encouragement and valuable assistance in the composition and arrangement of the work, it would not have been produced in its present form". A fourth volume on probability was never finished, but parts of it would be published posthumously as an article in Mind. Logic ensured his election to the British Academy and won him honorary degrees

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


title: William Ernest Johnson

texts:
 from the universities of Manchester and Aberdeen. Though conceding that Logic was "dated", even at publication, Sébastien Gandon argues that it would be unfair, given "the richness of his thought", to see <mask> "only as a member of the British logic 'old guard' pushed aside by the Principia Mathematica" of Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell. Gandon contends that "many of <mask>'s insights are today an integral part of philosophy" and that this is so especially of <mask>'s doctrine of determinable and determinate. <mask>'s work and influence in this latter regard is discussed in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on Determinables and Determinates by Jessica Wilson."The Logical Calculus" (1892) reveals the technical capabilities of <mask>'s youth, and that he was significantly influenced by the formal logical work of Charles Sanders Peirce. The article begins as follows:

"As a material machine economises the exertion of force, so a symbolic calculus economises the exertion of intelligence ... the more perfect the calculus, the smaller the intelligence compared to the results." A. N. Prior's Formal Logic cites this article several times. John Passmore tells us:
"His neologisms, as rarely happens, have won wide acceptance: such phrases as "ostensive definition", such contrasts as those between ... "determinates" and "determinables", "continuants" and "occurrents", are now familiar in philosophical literature." (Passmore, 1957, p.346)

<mask> also wrote three papers on economics. The first two, both published in the Cambridge Economic Club, being 1891's "Exchange and Distribution" and 1894's "On Certain Questions Connected with Demand" (the latter being co-written with C. P. Langer). ‘The Pure Theory

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


title: William Ernest Johnson

texts:
 of Utility Curves’ (1913) was an important paper, representing "a considerable advance in the development of utility theory".Prior to the latter he would also write fourteen entries for the first edition of R. H. Inglis Palgrave's Dictionary of Political Economy (1894-1899). He was also of particular influence on John Maynard Keynes (and had been a colleague of his father John Neville Keynes). Selected publications

 Treatise on Trigonometry (1889). The Logical Calculus, Mind, Vol 1 (1892): [In 3 parts: pp. 3–30, pp. 235–250, pp. 340–357]
Sur la théorie des equations logiques Bibliothèque du Congrès International de Philosophie, Volume 3, 1901, Logique et Histoire des Sciences, pp.185–199. The Pure Theory of Utility Curves, The Economic Journal,  Vol. 23, No. 92 (Dec., 1913)
Analysis of Thinking, Mind, Vol 27 (1918): [in 2 parts: pp. 1–21, pp 133–151]
Logic, Part I, (Cambridge, 1921)
Logic, Part II, (Cambridge, 1922)
Logic, Part III, (Cambridge, 1924)
Probability, Mind 41 (1932): 1–16,

References

External links
1930 photographic portrait of W. E<mask> by Walter Stoneman at the National Portrait Gallery, London
1915 Cambridge Moral Science Club, photo featuring <mask> (with, amongst others, G.E. Moore, Bertrand Russell, Dawes Hicks, W.R. Sorley, Karin Stephen and J. M. E. McTaggart)
 [At Internet Archive]
 Sanford, David H. (2011), Determinates vs. Determinables in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. [Archived article now supplanted by Jessica Wilson's Determinables and Determinates (2017)]
The Story of Llandaff House and its Academy (a 'local history' article with information about <mask>'s school and ancestors).1858 births
1931 deaths
Fellows of King's College, Cambridge
British logicians
British

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title: Geoffrey of Briel

texts:
<mask> of Briel, in older literature <mask> of Bruyères, was a French knight and the third lord of the Barony of Karytaina in the Principality of Achaea, in Frankish Greece. He led a colourful and turbulent life, narrated in detail in the Chronicle of the Morea. Accounted the finest knight in the Principality, he fought in the wars against the Byzantine Greeks, was captured in the Battle of Pelagonia in 1259, and was sent back to Achaea bearing the Byzantine terms in 1261. <mask> was twice deprived of his barony, once for rebelling against his uncle, the Prince of Achaea William II of Villehardouin, and then for abandoning the Principality without leave in order to spend time with a mistress, the wife of one of his feudatories, in Italy. He was pardoned both times, but henceforth held his title as a gift of the Prince. He died childless in 1275, and the Barony of Karytaina was split up. Origin
<mask> was the son of Hugh of Briel and Alice of Villehardouin, a daughter of the second Prince of Achaea, <mask> of Villehardouin.The family, which hailed from Briel-sur-Barse in the French province of Champagne, is variously named in the sources, e.g. Brieres or Prieres (Μπριέρες or Πριέρης in Greek), Bruières, Briers, Briel or Brielle. <mask>'s father inherited the Barony of Karytaina sometime around 1222 from his brother, Renaud of Briel. The Barony was the third largest (after Akova and Patras) in the Principality of Achaea, counting 22 knights' fiefs and being responsible for keeping watch over the rebellious inhabitants of the mountainous Skorta area. Baron of Karytaina and revolt against William of Villehardouin

<mask> was born in Greece, possibly in Karytaina, soon after his father's arrival there (about 1222/3). Hugh of Briel died in early 1238, not yet forty years old, and was succeeded by the young <mask>. The main source on

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title: Geoffrey of Briel

texts:
 <mask>'s life are the various versions of the Chronicle of the Morea, which, in the words of the French medievalist Antoine Bon, "narrates with so much detail and indulgence" the "many and colourful adventures" of "a peculiar and charming figure, very representative of the generation of Frankish seigneurs born in Greece".The Chronicle credits <mask> with the construction of the Castle of Karytaina, the "Greek Toledo" as William Miller calls it. <mask> enjoyed a high reputation as a warrior, and was deemed to be the "best knight in the Morea". According to the Aragonese version of the Chronicle he maintained a school of chivalry at the castle Karytaina, where the sons of the Greek nobles were trained as knights in the Western manner. <mask> married Isabella de la Roche, daughter of the Great Lord of Athens and Thebes, Guy I de la Roche. In 1256–1258, he became involved in the War of the Euboeote Succession, at first as a lieutenant of his uncle, Prince William II of Villehardouin, leading an army that laid waste to Euboea and recovered the town of Negroponte for the Prince. Later, however, he sided with his father-in-law Guy de la Roche and the other Frankish lords who opposed William's hegemonic ambitions. William however prevailed in the Battle of Karydi in 1258, and a parliament was assembled at Nikli to judge the defeated lords.<mask> was pardoned by the Prince and his confiscated lands returned, but this time as a personal grant, rather than a fief held in right of conquest. Pelagonia, Byzantine captivity and sojourn in Italy
In 1259, <mask> participated in the princely army that joined the Achaean–Epirote–Sicilian alliance opposing the Greek Empire of Nicaea. The allied forces, riven by distrust between the Latins and the Epirote Greeks, were dealt a crushing defeat in the Battle of Pelagonia. Prince William and most of

masks: Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey


title: Geoffrey of Briel

texts:
 his barons, including <mask>, were captured in the aftermath of the battle. The Frankish lords remained in captivity until 1261, when, following the recovery of Constantinople by the Nicaean Greeks, the Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos offered to release them in exchange for an oath of fealty to him, and the cession of a number of fortresses in the southeastern Morea. After William agreed, <mask> was released in order to convey the emperor's proposals to the nobles of the Principality. A parliament was once again held in Nikli, in the presence of <mask>, Guy de la Roche, and the Principality's chancellor, Leonard of Veroli.The captive lords were represented by their wives, whereby this assembly became known as the "Parliament of Ladies". The parliament agreed to the terms, <mask> handed over the castles to the Greeks, and returned to Constantinople along with a number of hostages, whereupon Prince William and his barons were released. The surrender of the fortresses began a long period of conflict between the Greeks of the reconstituted Byzantine Empire and the forces of the Principality for control of the Morea. Prince William was absolved by the Pope of his oaths to Palaiologos, and warfare began almost as soon as he returned to the Principality. Despite this precarious situation, <mask> absented himself from the Morea, without William's permission, and spent the years 1263–1265 in Italy, ostensibly on a pilgrimage, but in reality living with the wife of one of his feudatories, John of Katavas. His absence allowed the inhabitants of Skorta to rise up and aid the Byzantine troops in their offensive, which was halted by the same John of Katavas in the Battle of Prinitsa. <mask> was again deprived of his barony for this act, but was pardoned and restored to it on his return.Final years and death
<mask> is mentioned again in

masks: Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey


title: Geoffrey of Briel

texts:
 the campaigns of the early 1270s, when Palaiologos sent a new commander to the Morea, Alexios Doukas Philanthropenos. In 1270, <mask> and his neighbour, the Baron of Akova, joined the Prince's army with 150 horsemen and 200 infantry. The Latin force raided the Byzantine holdings in Laconia, but Philanthropenos avoided being drawn into a pitched battle. A period of relative peace followed due to Palaiologos' attempts to placate the Pope in the ongoing Second Council of Lyon, but in 1275, the mutual truce was broken by the Greeks. Prince William entrusted a force of 50 horse and 200 crossbowmen to <mask>, who stationed them to keep watch over the defiles of Skorta, but he died of dysentery in late 1275. After his death, Karytaina was increasingly subject to the attacks of the Byzantines, and finally fell to them in 1320. <mask> died childless; the barony, held by grant, was inheritable only by <mask>'s direct descendants, and consequently was split upon his death: one half remained with his widow, Isabella de la Roche, who married Hugh, Count of Brienne, before her death in 1279, and the other reverted to the Prince's domain.Two pretenders to <mask>'s inheritance appeared over the next few years: a certain John Pestel, who achieved nothing, and <mask>'s nephew, <mask> the Younger, who after much persistence managed to obtain the fief of Moraina. Fictional portrayals
<mask> is the eponymous subject of Alfred Duggan's 1962 novel, Lord <mask>'s Fancy. A sympathetic but flawed hero, observed by his distant cousin, an admiring but increasingly disillusioned narrator, the baron of Karytaina is portrayed as a supreme exemplar of both the qualities and the limitations of Frankish chivalry. References

Sources

1220s births
1275 deaths
Geoffrey
Medieval Arcadia
Prisoners of war held by the Byzantine Empire
Deaths from

masks: Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey


title: Al Caiola

texts:
<mask> (September 7, 1920 – November 9, 2016) was an American guitarist, composer and arranger, who spanned a variety of music genres including jazz, country, rock, and pop. He recorded over fifty albums and worked with some of the biggest names in music during the 20th century, including Elvis Presley, Ray Conniff, Ferrante & Teicher, Frank Sinatra, Percy Faith, Buddy Holly, Mitch Miller, and Tony Bennett. Career

During World War II <mask> played with the United States Marine Corps 5th Marine Division Band that also included Bob Crosby. <mask> served in the Battle of Iwo Jima as a stretcher bearer. <mask> was a studio musician in the 1950s in New York City. He released some minor records under his own name in that decade. In addition, he performed under the musical direction of John Serry Sr. on an album for Dot Records in 1956 (Squeeze Play).In 1960 he became a recording star on the United Artists label for over ten years. He had hits in 1961 with "The Magnificent Seven" (#35 in USA) and "Bonanza" (#19 in USA). The arrangements were typically by Don Costa, using a large orchestral backing. <mask> released singles and albums throughout the 1960s and beyond, though no others appeared on the charts except for an entry in 1964 with "From Russia with Love". United Artists used him to make commercial recordings of many movie and TV themes: "Wagon Train (Wagons Ho)",

masks:
Alexander Emil Caiola
Caiola
Caiola
Caiola
Caiola