title: Dev Hynes

texts:
 moniker in an interview with Cultured Magazine. The mixtape, titled Angel's Pulse, was released on 12 July 2019. Writing and producing for other artists

Hynes has written and contributed songs to a number of other acts.His arrangements and vocals have appeared on songs by The Chemical Brothers ("All Rights Reversed", from 2007's Grammy Award winning album We Are the Night), and Basement Jaxx, on their album Scars. <mask> has co-written and produced songs for Diana Vickers on Songs from the Tainted Cherry Tree, another No. 1 debutante on the UK Albums Chart. He has also produced and written songs for Theophilus London, including his second album, Vibes, released in 2014, and the 2011 EP, Lovers Holiday, which he also featured on. Hynes contributed music to the 2010 film MacGruber, including the duet "Rock My Body" with Saturday Night Live cast member Kristen Wiig. In late 2011, he produced Australian noise pop duo Bleeding Knees Club's debut album Noth ing to Do, which was released on 2 March 2012. He co-wrote and co-produced Solange Knowles' 2012 EP True.<mask> has co-written the song "Everything Is Embarrassing" for Sky Ferreira. He worked with Britney Spears on her eighth album, Britney Jean, however, none of his songs made the final cut. He co-wrote and co-produced Kylie Minogue's song "Crystallize", a charity single for One Note Against Cancer. Hynes co-wrote and produced "All That" with Carly Rae Jepsen for her album E•MO•TION, and also co-wrote "Body Language" for her EP Emotion: Side B.

Hynes co-wrote two songs on Spector's second


title: Dev Hynes

type: original

texts:
 Cupid Deluxe (2013)
 Freetown Sound (2016)
 Negro Swan (2018)
 Angel's Pulse (2019)

Lightspeed Champion
 Falling Off the Lavender Bridge (2008)
 Life Is Sweet! Nice to Meet You (2010)

Devonté Hynes
 Palo Alto (2013)
 Fields with Third Coast Percussion (2019)
Queen & Slim (2019)
We Are Who We Are (2020)
Mainstream (2020)
Passing (2021)

References

External links

 Official website
 <mask>s on Facebook
 <mask>s on YouTube
 Lightspeed Champion on Myspace

1985 births
Living people
Musicians from London
21st-century Black British male singers
British expatriates in the United States
English folk musicians
English people of Guyanese descent
Sierra Leone Creole people
English people of Sierra Leonean descent
English record producers
Domino Recording Company artists
Test Icicles

masks:
Dev Hyne
Dev Hyne


title: Gerhard Herzberg

texts:
<mask>,  (; December 25, 1904 – March 3, 1999) was a German-Canadian pioneering physicist and physical chemist, who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1971, "for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals". <mask>'s main work concerned atomic and molecular spectroscopy. He is well known for using these techniques that determine the structures of diatomic and polyatomic molecules, including free radicals which are difficult to investigate in any other way, and for the chemical analysis of astronomical objects. <mask> served as Chancellor of Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada from 1973 to 1980. Early life and family

<mask> was born in Hamburg, Germany on December 25, 1904 to Albin H<mask> and Ella Biber. He had an older brother, Walter, who was born in January 1904. Herzberg started Vorschule (pre-school) late, after contracting measles.<mask> and his family were atheists and kept this fact hidden. His father died in 1914, at 43 years of age, after having suffered from dropsy and complications due to an earlier heart condition. <mask> graduated Vorschule shortly after his father's death. His wife died in 1971. Education and career
Initially, <mask> considered a career in astronomy, but his application to the Hamburg Observatory was returned advising him not to pursue a career in the field without private financial support. After completing high school at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums, <mask> continued his education at Darmstadt University of Technology with the help of a private scholarship. <mask> completed his Dr.-Ing.degree under Hans Rau in 1928. 1992 Sworn into the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
 1999 Died aged 94

Honours and awards
<mask>'s most significant award was the 1971 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which he was awarded "for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals". During

masks: Gerhard Heinrich Friedrich Otto Julius Herzberg


title: Gerhard Herzberg

texts:
 the presentation speech, it was noted that at the time of the award, <mask> was "generally considered to be the world's foremost  molecular spectroscopist." <mask> was honoured with memberships or fellowships by a very large number of scientific societies, received many awards and honorary degrees in different countries. The NSERC <mask> Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering, Canada's highest research award, was named in his honour in 2000. The Canadian Association of Physicists also has an annual award named in his honour. The Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics is named for him.He was made a member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science. Asteroid 3316 Herzberg is named after him. In 1964 he was awarded the  Frederic Ives Medal by the OSA. At Carleton University, there is a building named after him that belongs to the Physics and Mathematics/Statistics Departments, Herzberg Laboratories. <mask> was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1951. The main building of John Abbott College in Montreal is named after him. Carleton University named the Herzberg Laboratories building after him.A public park in the College Park neighbourhood of Saskatoon also bears his name. Books and publications
<mask> authored some classic works in the field of spectroscopy, including Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure and the encyclopaedic four volume work: Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure, which is often called the spectroscopist's bible. The three volumes of Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure were re-issued by Krieger in 1989, including extensive new footnotes by <mask>. Volume IV of the series, "Constants of diatomic molecules" is purely a reference work, a compendium of known spectroscopic constants (and therefore a bibliography of molecular spectroscopy) of diatomic molecules up until 1978. Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure. (Dover Books, New York, 2010, )
 The spectra and structures of simple free

masks:
Herzberg
Herzberg
Gerhard Herzberg
Herzberg
Herzberg
Herzberg


title: Gerhard Herzberg

texts:
 radicals: An introduction to molecular spectroscopy. (Dover Books, New York, 1971, ).Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure: I. Spectra of Diatomic Molecules. (Krieger, 1989, )
 Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure: II. Infrared and Raman Spectra of Polyatomic Molecules. (Krieger, 1989, )
 Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure: III. Electronic Spectra and Electronic Structure of Polyatomic Molecules. (Krieger, 1989, )
 Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules, K. P. Huber and G. <mask>, (Van nostrand Reinhold company, New York, 1979, ).Archives
There are <mask> fonds at Library and Archives Canada and at National Research Council Canada. See also

 List of German Canadians

References

Further reading

External links
  including the Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1971 Spectroscopic Studies of Molecular Structure
 Science.ca profile
 Canadian Science and Technology Museum Hall of Fame
 Encyclopædia Britannica entry

1904 births
1999 deaths
Canadian atheists
Canadian Nobel laureates
20th-century Canadian astronomers
Canadian physical chemists
Chancellors of Carleton University
Companions of the Order of Canada
Cornell University faculty
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellows of the Royal Society
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Founding members of the World Cultural Council
University of Göttingen faculty
University of Chicago faculty
Canadian people of German-Jewish descent
German atheists
German physical chemists
German emigrants to Canada
German Nobel laureates
Members of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science
Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
Nobel laureates in Chemistry
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Scientists from Hamburg
Faraday Lecturers
Spectroscopists
Academics of the University of Bristol
Technische Universität Darmstadt alumni
People educated at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums
Technische Universität Darmstadt

masks:
Herzberg
Gerhard Herzberg


title: Isko Moreno

texts:
<mask> (born October 24, 1974), also known by his stage name <mask>, is a Filipino politician and actor currently serving as the 22nd Mayor of Manila since 2019. Before heading the capital of the Philippines, he started to gain notability as an actor and television personality. He entered politics in 1998 and ran for Councilor and was elected for three consecutive terms. In 2007, he ran as Vice Mayor of Manila and was elected for three consecutive terms. In 2016, He was term-limited as Vice Mayor and unsuccessfully ran for Senator in the 2016 senatorial elections. He placed 16th out of 50 candidates. He then served in the Duterte cabinet as Social Welfare Undersecretary for a few months in 2018 before running and being elected Mayor of Manila in a landslide victory against his former allies, Joseph Estrada and Alfredo Lim in the 2019 local elections.<mask> has described his leadership style as akin to that of his predecessor Alfredo Lim, citing their shared commitment in reducing crime and maintaining cleanliness of the capital. <mask> is also noted for his streetwise public image due to his use of colorful language coupled with Manila street slang. As a result, he was catapulted into prominence and is colloquially referred to as Yorme, a verlan backslang metathesis of the English word, mayor, used in Taglish and reversed phonemically as part of Filipino/Tagalog street slang. Whether the word is Tagalog or Taglish, it is the way of reversing or jumbling of syllables so as to create local colloquial words. On September 22, 2021, <mask> announced his bid for the Philippine presidency in the 2022 election. Early life
<mask> is the only child of Joaquin Copias Domagoso (1930–1995), a stevedore from Antique province at Manila's North Harbor, and <mask> (1946–2020) from Allen, Northern Samar. Born and raised in the slums of Tondo, Manila, <mask> spent his childhood in poverty.In 1993, <mask> entered the entertainment business

masks:
Francisco Moreno Domagoso
Isko Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Rosario Moreno
Moreno
Moreno


title: Isko Moreno

texts:
 after he was discovered by a talent scout who encouraged him to audition for That's Entertainment, a defunct teen variety show that was hosted by German <mask> (no relation), and got the part. His indebtedness to the late television presenter and talent manager for catapulting him to fame prompted him to adopt his screen name "<mask> <mask>". Due to his matinee idol image rooted in his boyish features, <mask> landed acting roles in a few mainstream films as well as softcore films. For his higher education, <mask> completed public administration at the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila and enrolled in non-degree programs at the University of the Philippines, the Harvard Kennedy School, and Saïd Business School. Acting career
<mask> caught the attention of talent scout Wowie Roxas in 1992 while attending a funeral in Tondo and was then persuaded to join show business. He was part of That's Entertainment, a daily variety show featuring German <mask>'s stable of aspiring teenage actors, under the screen name <mask> <mask>. His major break came in 1993 when he was cast in a cameo role in the romantic movie May Minamahal and became a leading man to Claudine Barretto in Muntik na Kitang Minahal a year later.He later became known for his mature roles during his short stint in the "titillating films" genre that was prevalent in the country during the 1990s and appeared in Siya'y Nagdadalaga, and has appeared in movies such as Exploitation, Mga Babae sa Isla Azul and Misteryosa. In 2004, he made an appearance on his life story featured by Maalaala Mo Kaya, the episode title called Aklat, where Danilo Barrios portrayed him. In 2005, during his third term as a councilor of Manila, he returned to acting as a kind-hearted priest in the television drama series Mga Anghel na Walang Langit. He also had a brief appearance in 2007 in the television drama series Bakekang. The following year during his first term as vice mayor, <mask> had a

masks: Moreno Isko Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Isko Moreno Moreno


title: Isko Moreno

texts:
 supporting role in the afternoon soap opera Ligaw na Bulaklak. In 2014, he appeared in Japanese lifestyle variety show Homecoming, where it was revealed that he is a godfather of then-AKB48 member, Sayaka Akimoto, according to photo documentations by Akimoto's Filipina mother, as the episode showed Akimoto traveling to the Philippines to explore her Filipino roots. He was visited and interviewed on the show by Akimoto, her mother, Akimoto's fellow AKB48 co-member Mariko Shinoda, and comedian Hiroshi.In 2019, <mask> appeared in the film 3pol Trobol: Huli Ka Balbon! as Yorme, a former Mayor of Balete, Batangas, and leader of a horse ranch as well as an old friend of the Philippine President. He also made a cameo appearance in the 24th anniversary special of Bubble Gang. A musical biographical film based on <mask>'s life, Yorme: The <mask> Domagoso Story, was released on January 21, 2022, and was distributed by Viva Films. Raikko Mateo, McCoy de Leon, and Xian Lim portrayed <mask> in different times of his life, with <mask> also appearing as himself. Political career

Councilor of Manila
<mask> started his political career when he was elected and sworn in as Councilor for Manila's first legislative district in 1998. He was re-elected in 2001 and 2004.His mentor, Vice Mayor Danilo Lacuna, encouraged him to study while fulfilling his duties. In 2003, <mask> obtained his business administration degree from the International Academy of Management and Economics in Makati. He took a crash course in Local Legislation and Local Finance at the University of the Philippines Diliman. He then studied public administration at the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila (University of the City of Manila). He also attended short courses in leadership and governance at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, and at the Said Business School, University of Oxford. Vice Mayor of Manila

After his third and final term as City

masks: Moreno Moreno Isko Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno


title: Isko Moreno

texts: Councilor, <mask> ran for Vice Mayor in 2007 under Asenso Manileño, as the running mate of outgoing Vice Mayor Danilo Lacuna. During his election campaign, he criticized what he called "black propaganda" by opponents, but did not pursue any charges.<mask> eventually won the elections, beating his closest rival by about 80,000 votes; however, Lacuna lost to Senator Alfredo Lim, a former Mayor himself. He was re-elected in 2010, this time under Nacionalista Party and as the running mate of incumbent Mayor Alfredo Lim of the Liberal Party. <mask> also served as Vice Chairman of the Manila Historical and Heritage Commission. He studied law at Arellano University School of Law, but dropped in his second year when he was elected as Vice Mayor of Manila. In May 2012, Joseph Estrada, the former President of the Philippines, announced his intention to run for Mayor of Manila in the 2013 local election, but only for one term. <mask>, who was running for re-election as Vice Mayor, was chosen as Estrada's running mate. Estrada drove his famous "Jeep ni Erap" from San Juan to his new house at Altura, Santa Mesa, Manila to ceremonially launch his candidacy.He was joined by his wife, former Senator Loi Ejercito and <mask>. <mask> then joined Estrada's party Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) and United Nationalist Alliance (UNA), which was then its coalition with PDP-Laban. He was successfully re-elected in 2013, with Estrada beating Lim as the new Mayor of Manila. On February 16, 2013, <mask> and other five councilors were arrested by the police due to alleged bingo operations held in a public place. <mask> denied the bingo game was in a public place in Santa Cruz, Manila and believed that then-Mayor Lim was involved in his arrest and that the bingo game was not illegal. The day before, Lim and Estrada signed a "Peace Covenant" to prevent any election-related violence in the City of Manila. The gambling charges were eventually dismissed by

masks: Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno


title: Isko Moreno

texts:
 the Department of Justice due to lack of evidence.2016 Senate bid

In 2015, <mask> announced that he would run for Senator of the Philippines in 2016. He was named to the senatorial slate of presidential candidate and Senator Grace Poe's Partido Galing at Puso coalition and as an adopted senatorial candidate of Senator Bongbong Marcos, who was then running for Vice President. He lost in his bid, placing 16th overall. His term as Vice Mayor of Manila ended on June 30, 2016. He was succeeded by Honey Lacuna. Member of Duterte's cabinet
In July 2017, President Rodrigo Duterte appointed <mask> as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the North Luzon Railways Corporation (NorthRail). <mask> resigned from the post in October 2017.In May 2018, <mask> was appointed by Duterte as Undersecretary for Luzon Affairs and Special Concerns at the Department of Social Welfare and Development. In October 11, 2018, he officially resigned from this post to run for Mayor of Manila in the 2019 elections. Mayor of Manila

<mask> currently serves as the mayor of Manila, beginning his tenure in 2019. In the local elections, he garnered more than 50% of the votes; this was considered an historic win for <mask>, having defeated both his predecessors Alfredo Lim and incumbent Mayor Joseph Estrada. In a December 2020 yearend face-to-face survey conducted by RP-Mission and Development Foundation Inc., <mask> earned 77% approval rating from the city's constituents, becoming the third top-performing mayor in the National Capital Region after Joy Belmonte (Quezon City) with 85%, and Vico Sotto (Pasig) with 82%. City services and infrastructure
<mask> signed an ordinance that gives a monthly allowance of  to each student of the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila and Universidad de Manila. Likewise, all Grade 12 students in all public schools in Manila will get a  monthly allowance to be received via "cash cards".To qualify, the student must be


title: Isko Moreno

texts:
 a resident and registered voter of the city, and that they do not incur a failing mark or commit misconduct in school. If the student is not yet of legal age to vote, his or her parent or guardian must be a registered voter to claim the monetary benefit. Senior citizens, persons with disabilities (PWDs), and solo parents who reside in the capital are entitled to a  monthly allowance. The elderly also would receive  and a cake as a birthday gift from the city government, on top of their  monthly allowance. Moreno's infrastructure projects include the redevelopment of the historic Jones Bridge, the construction of a 10-storey 384-bed building at the Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center, and the redevelopment of Manila Zoo that reopened on December 30, 2021. Public housing for the homeless and city employees was one of the campaign promises of <mask>, and his administration oversaw the construction of high-rise in-city housing projects such as the Tondominium 1 and 2, and Binondominium. COVID-19 pandemic

Cleanup drive
<mask> oversaw the cleaning of congested and besmirched streets of Manila.He ordered the clearing of city streets from ambulant vendors to address the city’s congestion problem and waste management. The clearing of the streets from hawkers and illegal venders paved the way for stopping the felonious operations of extortionists from vendors and hawkers and exposed derelict heritage sites within the city, some of which became debauched through human actions. Illegally built infrastructures, including government edifices which impedes the movement of motorists and pedestrians were ordered to be demolished. His cleanup drive of Manila North Cemetery after All Souls' day garnered attention online and spurred a nationwide implementation of the same approach to city decongestion. On October 8, 2019, <mask> signed Executive Order No. 43 mandating all 896 barangays and frontline City Hall offices to conduct a weekly

masks: Moreno Moreno Moreno


title: Isko Moreno

texts:
 clean-up drive, in support of Duterte's directive to clear all public roads and sidewalks of obstructions. <mask> also spearheaded the cleaning of Manila's sewers and the removal of dilapidated barges off the Pasig River.He also led the cleanup of waters around Baseco Compound, which took 10 days, including weekends, to collect more than 30,000 kilograms of garbage. 2022 presidential campaign

On September 22, 2021, <mask> declared his presidential bid in the upcoming 2022 election, with physician and social media personality Willie Ong serving as his vice presidential running mate. Following the announcement, Ong left the Lakas-CMD party to join <mask>'s Aksyon Demokratiko. Some of <mask>'s views on certain issues include fast-tracking the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines nationwide, maintaining the Duterte administration's "Build! Build! Build! Program", allowing the franchise renewal of ABS-CBN, maintaining peaceful relations with other countries and international organizations, and ending divisive politics in favor of an "open governance" rooted in "competence" over "connections".Political positions

Vandalism
<mask> is also known for his consistent and controversial stand against vandalism and unauthorized tarpaulins. On November 12, 2019, the left-leaning group Panday Sining, the cultural arm of Anakbayan, defaced the newly-painted and cleaned Lagusnilad Underpass located near the Manila City Hall. <mask> slammed the group publicly and rejected their apology. The mayor also proceeded with their arrest after another act of vandalism in Recto LRT Station was attributed to the group. Panday Sining was officially declared as "persona non grata" in the city of Manila on December 6, 2019. Many left-leaning groups condemned the mayor's actions against them. In October 2020, <mask> ordered the removal of the tarpaulins declaring the Communist Party of the Philippines, as well as the New People's Army and the National

masks: Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno


title: Isko Moreno

texts:
 Democratic Front, as persona non grata in the National Capital Region.However this event prompted Lt. Gen. Antonio Parlade Jr., spokesperson of the National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict to ask if Mayor <mask> is welcoming terrorists into Manila. On December 7, 2020, in an interview posted on YouTube, <mask> vehemently denied any support for or affiliation with the terrorist groups. LGBT+ rights
On October 2020, <mask> signed an ordinance protecting members of the LGBT community from discrimination and abuse, including the denial of employment and other opportunities on the basis of the person's sexual gender identity. However, he clarified in an interview that he is not in favor of same-sex marriage. He added that it is our law and in a civilized world, we are guided by the law. Personal life
<mask> has been married to Diana Lynn Ditan, a businesswoman, since 2000. They have five children, including Joaquin (JD), also an actor himself.On August 15, 2021, <mask> tested positive for COVID-19. On August 25, 2021, <mask> recovered from COVID-19. Electoral history

Senatorial election, 2016:
<mask> <mask> (PMP) – 11,126,944 (16th, 12 candidates with the highest number of votes win the 12 seats in the Senate)

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links
 Official website of the City of Manila, Mayor section

|-

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1974 births
Living people
Aksyon Demokratiko politicians
Arellano University alumni
Candidates in the 2022 Philippine presidential election
Filipino actor-politicians
Filipino people of Spanish descent
Male actors from Manila
Manila City Council members
Mayors of Manila
Mayors of places in Metro Manila
Nacionalista Party politicians
National Unity Party (Philippines) politicians
Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila alumni
People from Manila
People from Tondo, Manila
Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino politicians
Tagalog people
That's Entertainment (Philippine TV series)
That's

masks:
Isko
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Isko
Moreno Domagoso


title: Thomas Southwood Smith

texts:
<mask> (17881861) was an English physician and sanitary reformer. Early life
<mask> was born at Martock, Somerset, into a strict Baptist family, his parents being <mask> and <mask>. In 1802 he won a scholarship to the Bristol Baptist College to train as a minister, but in 1807 funds were abruptly withdrawn, on the grounds that he was 'entertaining opinions widely different from us on most of the doctrines we consider to be essential to Evangelical Religion'. At 19 years old he was already showing the courage and independence of mind that were to characterise his life, however it led to a break with his parents who never spoke to him again. Over the following four years <mask> turned to Unitarianism, influenced by William Blake, a minister at Crewkerne, Somerset: Blake put him in touch with John Prior Estlin at Lewin's Mead, Bristol. Another friend, and Unitarian convert from Baptism who became a physician, was Benjamin Spencer. These associations and friendships drew him into the centre of 19th Century reform.Medical man
<mask> entered the University of Edinburgh in October 1812, and in November took over the Unitarian congregation meeting in Skinners' Hall, Canongate, which had stayed together without a minister since the death in 1795 of James Purves; he became known as a powerful preacher and raised the attendance sharply. In June 1813 he began a course of fortnightly evening lectures on universal restoration; these were published in 1816 and made him a literary reputation. Also in 1813 he founded the Scottish Unitarian Association, with James Yates, which brought <mask> into contact with

masks:
Thomas Southwood Smith
Smith
William Smith
Caroline Southwood
Smith
Smith
Smith


title: Thomas Southwood Smith

texts:
 the Unitarian Lady Gillies and her nieces Mary and Margaret Gillies who would play a large part in his later life. In 1816 he took his M.D. degree, and began to practice at Yeovil, Somerset, also becoming minister at a chapel in that town, but moved in 1820 to London, devoting himself mainly to medicine. Public health
In 1824 <mask> was appointed physician to the London Fever Hospital.8 The following year he began to write papers on public health. His post gave him the opportunity to study diseases of poverty.In the late 1830s, with Neil Arnott and James Phillips Kay, he was one of the first doctors brought in to report to the Poor Law Commission. In 1842 he was one of the founders of an early housing association, the Metropolitan Association for Improving the Dwellings of the Industrious Classes. <mask> was a close ally on public health matters with Edwin Chadwick, and like him supported the miasma theory. From 1848 to 1854 they worked closely together at the Central Board of Health. But the appointment of Lord Seymour made their work very difficult, despite the support of Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury. <mask> was frequently consulted in fever epidemics and on sanitary matters by public authorities. His reports on quarantine (1845), cholera (1850), yellow fever (1852), and on the results of sanitary improvement (1854) were of international importance.Bentham dissection
<mask> <mask> was a close friend of Jeremy Bentham and his secretary Edwin Chadwick. He had a particular interest in applying his philosophical beliefs to the field of medical research. In 1827 he published

masks: Smith Smith Smith Southwood Smith


title: Thomas Southwood Smith

texts:
 The Use of the Dead to the Living, a pamphlet which argued that the current system of burial was a wasteful use of bodies that could otherwise be used for dissection by the medical profession. Bentham attached a paper, written in 1830 to his will instructing <mask> <mask> to create the auto-icon. It stated:

Bentham's wish to preserve his dead body was consistent with his philosophy of utilitarianism. In his essay Auto-Icon, or the Uses of the Dead to the Living, Bentham wrote, "If a country gentleman has rows of trees leading to his dwelling, the auto-icons of his family might alternate with the trees; copal varnish would protect the face from the effects of rain." On 8 June 1832, two days after his death, invitations were distributed to a select group of friends, and on the following day at 3 p.m., before the dissection, <mask> <mask> delivered a lengthy oration over Bentham's remains in the Webb Street School of Anatomy & Medicine in Southwark, London.In the oration <mask> argued that:"If, by any appropriation of the dead, I can promote the happiness of the living, then it is my duty to conquer the reluctance I may feel to such a disposition of the dead, however well-founded or strong that reluctance may be". Afterward, the skeleton and head were preserved and stored in a wooden cabinet called the "Auto-icon", with the skeleton padded out with hay and dressed in Bentham's clothes. From 1833 it stood in Southwood <mask>'s Finsbury Square consulting rooms until he abandoned private practice in the winter of 1849-50 when it was moved to 36 Percy Street, Margaret Gillies' studio, who made

masks: Southwood Smith Southwood Smith Smith Smith


title: Thomas Southwood Smith

texts:
 studies of it. In March 1850 Southwood Smith offered the auto-icon to Henry Brougham who readily accepted it for UCL. <mask>'s lobbying helped lead to the 1832 Anatomy Act, the legislation which allowed the state to seize unclaimed corpses from workhouses and sell them to surgical schools. While this act is credited with ending the practice of grave robbery, it has also been condemned as discriminatory against the poor. Works
In 1830 <mask> published A Treatise on Fever, which became a standard authority on the subject.In this book he established a direct connection between the impoverishment of the poor and epidemic fever. The underlying theory opposed contagion as a mechanism of spread of disease, and postulated no pathogen that was airborne; it argued that the exclusion of "pure air" could suffice to create mortal disease. Family

<mask> married twice, firstly in 1808, to Anne Read, the daughter of a prominent Bristol tradesman. Anne died of fever four years later, at age 24, leaving <mask> a widower with two young daughters, Caroline and Emily. His second marriage was to Mary, daughter of John Christie of Hackney, and they had three children, including his only son, Herman (died 23 July 1897, aged 77). The second marriage was not successful and soon Mary and her three children moved abroad. Miranda and Octavia Hill were his granddaughters, among the five daughters of his eldest, Caroline (c. 1809–1902), who married James Hill, merchant in 1835, and as <mask> Hill was known as a writer and educationalist.His other daughter, Emily (c. 1810-1872), moved to Florence, Italy. <mask> had

masks:
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Caroline Southwood
Smith


title: Thomas Southwood Smith

texts:
 separated from his second wife by the end of the 1830s, and for the rest of his life he lived quietly with the artist Margaret Gillies. Along with his son Herman and daughter Emily they visited Wisbech in June 1836 and dined with Caroline and the actor William Macready, who was appearing as Hamlet in the Georgian Angles Theatre owned by James and Caroline. They also owned a school they built in front of the theatre. Following his son-in-law James Hill's second bankruptcy in 1840, his three-year-old granddaughter Gertrude Hill (1837–1923) came to live with him. In the 1861 census the household lived at Heath House, Weybridge and consisted of <mask> 72, Mary Gillies 62, Margaret Gillies 56, his son <mask> 40, wine merchant, his granddaughter Gertrude Hill, 23 lady, and a cook and a housemaid. Later life
In his 70th year <mask> travelled abroad for the first time to Milan, Italy to examine the irrigation works.Two years later, on a visit to his daughter Emily in Florence, he caught a chill and died there on 10 December 1861. He is interred there in the English Cemetery of Florence, his tombstone, an obelisk with a cameo portrait, was sculpted by Joel Tanner Hart. His daughter Emily, who died in 1872, is buried beside him. Further reading
 Cook G. C. <mask> <mask> FRCP (1788–1861): leading exponent of diseases of poverty, and pioneer of sanitary reform in the mid-nineteenth century. J. Med. Biog. (2002) 10(4): 194–205

Notes

References

Attribution:

External links

1788 births
1861 deaths
People from South Somerset (district)
19th-century English medical doctors
Alumni of the University of

masks:
Thomas Smith
Herman Smith
Smith
Thomas Southwood
Smith


title: Idania Fernandez

texts:
<mask> (July 23, 1952 - April 16, 1979), was a Nicaraguan revolutionary. The early years
The second of five children. Lived her early years in León, Nicaragua. She was three years old when her family moved to the neighborhood of Subtiava, in the outskirts of Leon. Her birthday coincides with the anniversary of the Somoza's National Guard massacre on college students marching on the streets of Leon in 1959. This is, each birthday of her life was a reminder of Students Martyrs, for it was a day off in schools in Nicaragua by decree. She lived in Managua between age six and ten.In 1962 her family moved to the town of Jinotega. On Sunday family outings visited San Rafael del Norte and other surrounding towns in the mountains that witnessed Gen. Augusto César Sandino saga in the 1930s. Education
Returning to Managua, finished Elementary and High school at the French School of the Sacred Heart between 1965 and 1972, the same school attended by prominent personalities in Nicaragua today including ex-President of Nicaragua, Violeta Chamorro.<ref>[http://www.grupoese.com.ni/2003/10/13/op2MMM1013.htm Oblatas, Cien Aňos, Idania, Fundadoras, ...Violeta Chamorro,etc....]  (Note:Idania, Far right, second row in the picture)</ref>

From Catholic to revolutionary

Idania developed organizational and leadership skills as a member of the group "Las Metanoias" in senior high school. The group made spiritual retreat trips to hacienda El Tepeyac, near Mombacho Volcano and Lake Nicaragua for study and discussions on the liberation theology. Idania turned an ardent activist and represented her school among a broad base of organizations engaged in demonstrations demanding the release of political prisoners in 1971–1972. Her activities won her a slap on the face from Sister Nicolle, the school Director, who actually feared for Idania's fate. In 1973, her family moved to Panama and she started her


title: Idania Fernandez

texts:
 than twenty cities in Nicaragua. However; most of the leaders of the soon to be Revolutionary Government were in Costa Rica or Panama in safe houses.Their role was to provide the military strategy, negotiations with foreign governments and sketching a plan for the new an imminent Nicaraguan Government Junta. The war was actually run in the field by five Regional Commands. The most important ones were the Western Command based in the City of Leon and the Frente Interno, based in Managua. They were considered critical for a fast victory. The Regional Commands had the future of Nicaragua at hand. On that day, the members of the Western Regional Command integrated by Oscar Pérez Cassar, <mask> <mask>, Araceli Pérez Darias, Ana Isabel Morales, Edgard Lang Sacasa, Roger Deshon Argüello and Carlos Manuel Jarquin were in session in a safe house in the suburbs of León. The National Guard was attacking heavily the City of Estelí, near the mountains and they were coordinating the efforts to help them.Reportedly, there was a whistleblower, a supposedly former Sandinista militia who turned police informant. The informant and eighty members of the National Guard, in jeeps and tanks, surrounded the block, and stormed into the house. The Sandinistas had no chance to escape or to grab their weapons. Ana Isabel got inside a swimming pool, and passed herself off as a resident of the house. She was the only survivor. The informant identified positively the men as important cadre, but he argued not knowing the women. So, all men were executed on the spot, Idania and Araceli were arrested, taken to the Fortin of Acosasco, tortured and murdered.Randall Interview Dora M Tellez <mask>, Roger, Aracely, six important members

The aftermath
Thousands attended their funeral.The entire city of León (not to mention the Sandinista ranks at all levels) was enraged. The Somoza government refused to return

masks: Idania Fernandez Idania


title: Idania Fernandez

texts:
 Araceli's (who was Mexican) remains to her family. Idania's parents and two youngest sisters were living in Dallas, Texas, and contacted the Dallas Morning News. The paper dedicated a full page article on the events in the Sunday edition. Edgard Lang Sacasa was 23 and he was the son of a first cousin to dictator Somoza and a friend of a Wall Street Journal columnist, and this prompted an editorial. Soon after, as expected, the city of Leon street fighters headed by Dora María Téllez, Idania's comrade, increased greatly in numbers and firepower. In June the victory over the Somoza forces in Leóon was complete, followed by Managua, two weeks later, and the Somoza regime went with it.Legacy
"I leave you an example of life, mine", wrote Idania to her daughter in her farewell letters. Reprinted in Margaret Randall's book Todas Estamos Despiertas''. and many columnists' and editorial pages in Nicaragua countless times over the last twenty nine years. Ernesto Cardenal, Sergio Ramirez and other dissidents of the Sandinistas often quote Idania's writings and ideals. After her death, Idania firepower increased thousandfold. In 1984, at the peak of the Contra war, one of the largest battalions of the Sandinista Popular Army (Ejército Popular Sandinista), dispatched to the Northern Front to fight the Contras, was named after her. Occasionally, they name a nursery or police station after Idania but there are no monuments or statues for her in Nicaragua.She would probably have liked it this way. We have seen so many statues fall in world history, but an example of life lasts forever. References

External links
Ref. <mask> <mask>, private collection, Painting by American feminist painter Erin Currier

1952 births
1979 deaths
Latin Americanists
Members of the Sandinista National Liberation Front
Nicaraguan revolutionaries
People of the Nicaraguan Revolution
Women in war in Central

masks:
Idania
Fernandez Ramirez


title: Edward Somerset, 2nd Marquess of Worcester

texts:
<mask>, 2nd Marquess of Worcester (9 March 1602 or 9 March 16033 April 1667), styled Lord Herbert of Raglan from 1628 to 1644, was an English nobleman involved in royalist politics, and an inventor. While Earl of Glamorgan, he was sent by Charles I to negotiate a peace treaty and alliance with the leadership of the Catholic Irish Confederacy. He enjoyed some success, but the agreement quickly broke down. He then joined the Confederates, and was appointed the commander of their Munster Army. In 1655 he wrote The Century of Inventions, detailing more than 100 inventions, including a device that would have been one of the earliest steam engines. Origins
He was the son of Henry Somerset, 1st Marquess of Worcester by his wife Anne Russell, a daughter of John Russell, Baron Russell, eldest son and heir apparent of Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford. Career
<mask> was brought up as a Roman Catholic in Monmouthshire.He graduated from Cambridge University, England, in 1627 with a Master of Arts (MA) degree. In his day he was one of the richest lords in England, funding his experiments, later self-funding his military endeavours, and sending large amounts of money to King Charles I during the English Civil War. He was a Cavalier who supported the King in Wales, where he raised a regiment of horse for him. His campaigning in the West of England and in Wales, however, did not go well. After a month with his force of over 2,000 troops encamped at Highnam, outside Gloucester, in March 1643 Herbert left them and travelled to meet the king at Oxford. In his absence the entire force surrendered without any exchange of fire, earning it the title "The Mushroom Army" (they appeared and disappeared very quickly). He was rewarded in 1644, however, with a peerage, being created Earl of Glamorgan and Baron Beaufort of Caldecote.Due to irregularities in the letters

masks:
Edward Somerset
Edward Somerset


texts:
 patent, these titles were not recognised after the Restoration. Sent to Ireland, he made a false move in concluding a treaty, in great secrecy, on behalf of Charles that was considered to concede too much to the Catholics there; he himself was a Catholic. In extricating himself from that position, he became a close ally of Giovanni Battista Rinuccini, and a potential replacement for James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde as royalist leader. His plans to bring Irish troops over to England were overtaken by events, and he left for France with George Leyburn. He succeeded his father as Marquess of Worcester in 1646. He was formally banished in 1649, but after four years in Paris returned to England in 1653. He was discovered, charged with high treason and sent to the Tower of London; he was treated leniently by the Council of State, and released on bail in 1654.That year he took up again his interest in engineering and inventions, leasing a house at Vauxhall where his Dutch or German technician Kaspar <mask> could work. After the Restoration his estates were restored, but he largely avoided politics, and did not press his claims to the various other titles of nobility. Works
In 1655 he authored a book which consisted of textual descriptions of 100 separate inventions. It was eventually printed in 1663 and included a device described as his "Water-commanding Engine". Constructed from the barrel of a cannon, it was an obvious prototype design for what would later become the steam engine, and clearly anticipated the power and applications of that machine. In 1663 Samuel Sorbière visited <mask>'s Vauxhall workshop and saw and described the "hydraulic machine which the Marquis of Worcester has invented." It was designed for purposes of irrigation, and would "raise to the height of forty feet, by the strength of one man and in the space of one minute of

masks: Kalthoff Edward


texts:
 time, four large buckets of water."Cosimo de' Medici, Duke of Tuscany, visited it in 1669, when a similar description was given. Robert Hooke, however, described it as "one of the perpetual motion fallacies." <mask> suggested that when he died, a model of his engine should be buried with him:
"I call this a Semi Omnipotent Engine, and do intend that a model thereof be buried with me." Marriage and children
He married twice:
Firstly in 1628 to Elizabeth Dormer (died 31 May 1635),  daughter of Sir William Dormer  and Alice Molyneux, and  sister of Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, by whom he had one son and two daughters:
Henry Somerset, 1st Duke of Beaufort, 3rd Marquess of Worcester, his heir and successor, who was created Duke of Beaufort;
Lady Anne Somerset (c. 1631–1662), who married Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk, and had issue;
Lady Elizabeth Somerset (before 16351691), who married William Herbert, 1st Marquess of Powis, and had issue. Secondly in 1639 he married Lady Margareta O'Brien (died 26 July 1681), daughter of Henry O'Brien, 5th Earl of Thomond and Mary Brereton,  by whom he had one daughter:
Lady Mary Somerset, died young. Post Death
After his death his widow remarried Donough Kearney, who was charged with treason during the Popish Plot,  but acquitted. Almost 200 years after his death, in 1861, Victorian patent inspector Bennet <mask> attempted to locate the grave and the model steam engine which the Marquis stated should be buried with him.<mask> hoped, if the model was located, that "Englishmen will be gratified to find that their country has contributed even more than was supposed to the advancement of civilisation". <mask> sought permission from the then Duke of Beaufort (successor to the Marquis) to examine remains in the Somerset crypt within St Cadoc's Church, Raglan, in search of the model, and the Duke granted

masks: Edward Woodcroft Woodcroft Woodcroft


texts:
 permission on the basis that <mask> also obtained ecclesiastical permission. Archive documents indicate ecclesiastical permission was not obtained, yet <mask> and a party locked themselves inside the church on 4 January 1861, and opened the crypt. They found 7 coffins, as documented when the crypt had previously been opened. They opened coffin 7, which had an inscription indicating this was the Marquis' coffin, their report stating:
... the lead on the outside was dry and well preserved, and when a part of it had been cut and rolled back some holes were made with the bit and brace in the elm wood cover, which allowed a few smart blows with the chisel to take out a small piece of wood. The foot of the coffin was opened and the 6 or 7 layers of "strong linen" were cut open to reveal "two legs inside with skin very white and not very much shrunken". Outside the linen they found matter "exactly like the slush in an Irish bog and emitting a strong but not pungent or disagreeable odour".The head of the coffin was then opened, although "out of respect for the remains of the mighty dead we did not open the cloth over the face". They then moved their attention to coffin 3, which had a plaque resting (but not fixed) on it identifying it as Lady Granville's coffin, in the hope that the model could be found there. "The lead was therefore cut and folded back and underneath there was found a carefully placed ceiling of beautifully glass-like green wax which seemed quite untouched by decay." They then cut out a section of wood and saw "that the two breasts of a female lying in state confirmed the supposition that the plate [identifying this as Lady Granville's coffin] was correctly placed on this coffin". The party then cut open the head covering and "the mouth was soon disclosed and five or six long and rather misshapen teeth appeared. The lower jaw was

masks: Woodcroft Woodcroft


title: Angelo Mariani (conductor)

texts:
<mask> (11 October 182113 June 1873) was an Italian opera conductor and composer. His work as a conductor drew praise from Giuseppe Verdi, Giacomo Meyerbeer, Gioachino Rossini and Richard Wagner, and he was a longtime personal friend of Verdi's, although they had a falling out towards the end of <mask>'s life. He conducted at least two world premieres (Verdi's Aroldo and Faccio's Amleto); and at least 4 Italian premieres (Meyerbeer's L'Africana, Verdi's Don Carlo, and Lohengrin and Tannhäuser by Wagner). Biography
<mask> was born in Ravenna in 1821. He studied the violin at the Accademia Filarmonica of Ravenna. At age 15 he played in concerts in the Romagna. He then studied harmony and composition with a nobleman-priest, Girolamo Roberti, and then with a monk named Levrini, a pupil of Stanislao Mattei, at a monastery in Ravenna.In 1843 he played the viola in an opera orchestra at Macerata and wrote two overtures, which were performed. He went to Faenza in 1844 as teacher and conductor at the Academy there. One of his overtures came to the attention of Gioachino Rossini, who had it performed. He then worked in Trento (where he made his debut as an operatic conductor), Bologna (where he studied counterpoint with Marchesi) and Messina. At Messina, the orchestra refused to play under him. He wrote pieces for the Messina Royal Orphanage's brass band and for the Academy there. After further work in Naples, Bologna and Messina (where again the orchestra was hostile to him, but he possibly played in the orchestra rather than conduct), in 1846 he had a fresh start as a conductor in Milan.He appeared first at the Teatro Re and then at the Teatro Carcano. He also conducted later at Stradella and Vicenza. He claimed to have abolished the system whereby an opera orchestra was jointly conducted by a maestro concertatore at the cembalo and a violin-conductor. This may be what led to his trouble in Messina. He had his first great success with Giuseppe

masks:
Angelo Maurizio Gaspare Mariani
Mariani
Angelo Mariani


title: Angelo Mariani (conductor)

texts: Verdi's I due Foscari (1846) and Nabucco (1847), both in Milan. In September 1847 he conducted Giovanni Pacini's music for a performance of Sophocles' Oedipus Rex, with a colossal chorus and orchestra. This led to his being appointed conductor of the Hofteatret in Copenhagen in November.While there, King Christian VIII of Denmark died, and <mask>'s Requiem Mass written for the late king was performed twice. <mask> returned to Italy after the revolution of March 1848 and enrolled in the volunteers. From there, he went to Constantinople, where he conducted the Italian Theatre for two years, in succession to Giuseppe Donizetti, the well-known composer's brother. He also composed two dramatic cantatas, and for the visit of Sultan Abdülmecid I to the newly rebuilt Naum Theatre, a new national hymn, the Turkish words of which the Italian singers had learned phonetically. The National Hymn has been recorded. In December 1851 he returned to Messina for four months, before going to Naples, and then as conductor for the Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa. He intended to stay for only two months, but his contract was made permanent, and he spent the majority of the rest of his life there, and also died there.His reputation was now strong, and he was offered positions in places such as Paris, Madrid, and Naples, but seemed unable to make up his mind about any of them, so all these offers lapsed. He made the acquaintance of Verdi in around 1853, and they became firm friends. On 16 August 1857, he conducted the premiere performance of Verdi's Aroldo, a reworking of his earlier opera Stiffelio, at the Teatro Nuovo in Rimini. On 30 May 1865 he conducted the premiere of Franco Faccio's opera Amleto at the Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa, followed that year by conducting the Italian premiere of Giacomo Meyerbeer's L'Africana at the Teatro Comunale di Bologna. Two years later, on 27 October 1867, the Italian premiere of Verdi's Don Carlo was presented at the same

masks: Mariani Mariani


title: Angelo Mariani (conductor)

texts:
 theatre with <mask>'s involvement. In late 1868, Verdi asked Mariani to be the conductor for a requiem mass he was planning in honour of Gioachino Rossini, who had died on 13 November. This would be a collaboration between 13 composers, including Verdi himself.Mariani agreed to be involved in the organising committee, although he was less than enthusiastic (since he was simultaneously engaged in the commemorative celebrations for Rossini in Pesaro). The 13 composers all wrote their sections of the work (Verdi's was the ""), but the planned performance on the first anniversary of Rossini's death did not happen because disagreements arose with Mariani regarding the performance in the Basilica of San Petronio in Bologna. On 4 November, to Verdi's great sorrow, the organising committee formally abandoned the project. Verdi blamed this in considerable part on <mask>'s lack of energy and commitment, and it marked the real beginning of a permanent break in their friendship (although there are indications trouble was already brewing in 1867

In the following years, Mariani tried to heal the rift, writing letters to Verdi expressing his love and admiration for him, but Verdi refused to be swayed, and continued to castigate Mariani for what he considered to be his failure over the Rossini Requiem. A complicating factor was <mask>'s romantic relationship with the soprano Teresa Stolz, a favourite of Verdi's (she was his choice for the title role in the Milan premiere of Aida in February 1872, which as far as Verdi was concerned was the real premiere). <mask> and Stolz were engaged to be married. However, around 1871 she left him, in very unclear circumstances.There were suggestions and even public accusations that she was also carrying on an affair with Verdi, but this has never been proved to be true. Despite Verdi's break with Mariani personally, he still had respect for him as a conductor, and he invited him to conduct the world premiere of Aida in

masks: Mariani Mariani Mariani Mariani


title: Angelo Mariani (conductor)

texts:
 Cairo in December 1871. Mariani declined, saying he was not well enough to travel. This was indeed true, as he was already suffering symptoms of the cancer that would kill him less than two years later. However, it served only to further widen the rift between the two men. On 1 November 1871, Mariani conducted the Italian premiere of Richard Wagner's Lohengrin at the Teatro Communale di Bologna to great acclaim. This was the first performance of any Wagner opera in Italy.On 9 November, Verdi attended a Mariani performance of Lohengrin and annotated a copy of the vocal score with his impressions and opinions of Wagner (this was almost certainly his first exposure to Wagner's music). In 1872, <mask> conducted the Italian premiere of Wagner's Tannhäuser, also at Bologna, but it was much less successful than Lohengrin had been. He also composed a number of songs, some of which have been recorded. In June 1873, aged only 51, <mask> died of cancer in the attic of the Palazzo Sauli, a house he had long rented from Verdi in Genoa. The Teatro Angelo Mariani in Sant'Agata Feltria (first built in 1605) was rededicated and renamed in honour of Mariani. Today, there is an Associazione Musicale Angelo Mariani in Ravenna. References
Notes

Sources

Harwood, Gregory W. (1998), Giuseppe Verdi: A Guide to Research (Routledge Music Bibliographies).Routledge
Parker, Roger (2007), The New Grove Guide to Verdi and His Operas. Oxford and New York et al. Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane, (1998), "Mariani, <mask>" in Stanley Sadie, (Ed. ), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Vol. Three, pp. 212–213. London: MacMillan Publishers, Inc.
Sadie, Stanley (ed.)(1954), Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed. External links

1821 births
1873 deaths
Italian conductors (music)
Italian male conductors (music)
Italian male composers
People from Ravenna
Deaths from cancer in Liguria
19th-century Italian composers
19th-century male conductors (music)
19th-century

masks:
Mariani
Angelo Mariani
Angelo


title: Lottie Dod

texts:
<mask> (24 September 1871 – 27 June 1960) was an English multi-sport athlete, best known as a tennis player. She won the Wimbledon Ladies' Singles Championship five times, the first one when she was only fifteen in the summer of 1887. She remains the youngest ladies' singles champion. In addition to tennis, Dod competed in many other sports, including golf, field hockey, and archery. She also won the British Ladies Amateur Golf Championship, played twice for the England women's national field hockey team (which she helped to found), and won a silver medal at the 1908 Summer Olympics in archery. The Guinness Book of Records has named her as the most versatile female athlete of all time, together with track and field athlete and fellow golf player Babe Zaharias. Early life
Dod was born on 24 September 1871 in Bebington, Cheshire, the youngest of four children to Joseph and <mask>.Joseph, from Liverpool, had made a fortune in the cotton trade. The family was wealthy enough to provide for all members for life; <mask> and her brother Willy never had to work. Besides Willy, <mask> had a sister, Annie, and another brother, Tony, all of whom also excelled in sports. Annie was a good tennis player, golfer, ice skater and billiards player. Willy Dod won the Olympic gold medal in archery at the 1908 Games, whilst Tony was a regional level archer and a chess and tennis player. The Dod children received a private education by tutors and governesses. In her childhood Lottie played the piano, banjo and she was member of a local choir.When Dod was nine years old, two tennis courts were built near the family's estate, Edgeworth. Lawn tennis, invented in 1873, was highly fashionable for the wealthy in England, and all of the Dod children started playing the game frequently. Tennis parties were occasionally organized and among the invited guests were future Wimbledon champions

masks:
Charlotte Dod
Margaret Dod
Lottie
Lottie


title: Lottie Dod

texts:
 Joshua Pim and the brothers Herbert and Wilfred Baddeley. When she was eleven Dod joined the Rock Ferry Tennis Club in Birkenhead. Tennis
Together with Annie, who was eight years her elder, Dod entered her first tennis tournament, the 1883 Northern Championships in Manchester, at age eleven. They had a bye in the first round and lost in the second round of the doubles tournament to Hannah Keith and Amber McCord, but won the consolation tournament. One journalist, Sydney Brown, noted that "Miss L. Dod should be heard of in the future".The following year, 1884, she participated in two tournaments, the Northern Championships, played that year in Liverpool, and Waterloo. With Annie she reached the doubles finals in both tournaments and with Tony she was defeated in the first round of the mixed doubles event at Waterloo. At the Northern Championships in 1885, she came to prominence when she nearly beat reigning Wimbledon champion Maud Watson in the final, losing 6–8, 5–7. <mask> would win the doubles event (with Annie). Earlier she had won the first singles title of her career at the Waterloo tournament where she was also victorious in the doubles and mixed doubles events. These performances earned her the nickname "Little Wonder" in the press. In 1886 Dod won the singles title at the West of England Championships in Bath where she defeated Watson in the final, ending the latter's run of 55 consecutive victories.That year she played tournaments in Liverpool (Northern), Cheltenham and Derbyshire but won no further singles titles. In 1887 Dod became an established first-class player, illustrated by the fact she partnered the then seven-time Wimbledon doubles winner Ernest Renshaw at the mixed doubles event of the Irish Championships. She won the singles in Dublin defeating Watson in the final in straight sets. She again won the singles title at the Northern, defeating


title: Lottie Dod

texts: leading players Louisa Martin, May Langrishe and Watson without losing a set and conceding no more than two games per set. Encouraged by these results she decided to enter the 1887 Wimbledon Championships. Only six competitors, not having had included Martin and Watson, had entered. Dod had a bye in the first round and easily advanced through the semifinal and final of the All-Comer's tournament to earn the right to challenge the defending champion, Blanche Bingley.She defeated Bingley in straight sets 6–2, 6–0, the second set lasting just ten minutes. At 15 years and 285 days she is the youngest winner of the ladies' singles championships. During the match, Dod wore a metal-and-whalebone corset which punctured her skin and caused her to bleed as she played. The two met again in the final of the 1888 West of England Championships. Although it was designated an "open" tournament, the officials made the remarkable decision to impose a handicap of 15 on Dod. She still managed to win against her opponent, now known by her married name, Blanche Hillyard. The Wimbledon final of 1888 was a rematch of the previous year, and Dod, this time defending her title in the Challenge Round, again emerged victorious (6–3, 6–3).During that year she won several doubles and mixed doubles titles with her sister Annie, May Langrishe and Ernest Renshaw. <mask> <mask>'s style of play, then regarded as unorthodox, now seems notably modern. She was perhaps the first player to advocate hitting the ball just before the top of the bounce and to adopt a modern, albeit single-handed, racquet grip. Her ground strokes were reported by contemporaries to be unusually firmly hit by the standards of the time, but – like many female players of the day – she served underhand and only rarely employed spin. Dod only entered one open tournament in 1889 (the Northern Championships, which she won), and

masks: Lottie Dod


title: Lottie Dod

texts:
 failed to attend Wimbledon, much to the disappointment of her fans. Together with Annie and some friends, she was on a sailing trip off the Scottish coast, and didn't want to return in time for Wimbledon. This was followed by a complete absence from the game in 1890.After failing to do so in 1889, Dod was determined to win Wimbledon three times in a row, starting in 1891. Although it was her only competitive appearance of that season, she won her third Wimbledon title by defeating Hillyard (6–2, 6–1) in the final of the All-Comers tournament. The reigning champion Lena Rice did not defend her title. 1892 saw Dod's first singles defeat in an open tournament since 1886 when she lost to Louisa Martin of Ireland in the second round of the Irish Championships. It was the last of only five losses in her entire tennis career and her only defeat after the age of 15. She continued the year strongly, culminating in another easy straight-set Wimbledon victory over Hillyard. Dod's last tennis season as a competitive player was 1893, and she played in just two tournaments, The Northern in Manchester and Wimbledon, winning both.On both occasions, she defeated Blanche Hillyard in three sets, despite a heavy fall in the Wimbledon final. Her record of five Wimbledon titles would not last for long, as Hillyard, after losing in the final to <mask> five times, won her sixth title in 1900. Suzanne Lenglen broke Dod's record of three consecutive singles wins by winning from 1919 to 1923. Apart from entering women's tournaments, Dod sometimes also played and won matches against men (who usually played with a handicap), and on one occasion defeated star players Ernest Renshaw and George Hillyard (the husband of Blanche) when doubling with Herbert Baddeley. Grand Slam finals

Winter sports

Although tennis would remain Dod's favourite sport, she shifted her attention to other activities


title: Lottie Dod

texts:
 in the following years. In 1895, she joined her brother Tony on a trip to the winter sports resort of St. Moritz, which was very popular with English travellers. There, she passed the St. Moritz Ladies's Skating Test, the most prestigious figure skating event for women at the time.<mask> also rode the toboggan on the famous Sankt Moritz Cresta Run, and began mountaineering with her brother, climbing two mountains over 4,000 m in February 1896. After a long cycling trip in Italy, <mask> and Tony returned to England, only to come back to St Moritz in November, now accompanied by their mother and brother Willy. This time, <mask> took the St. Moritz Men's Skating Test and passed, as the second woman ever. She also competed in curling. In the summer of 1897, she and Tony again ascended several mountains, this time in Norway. Field hockey
The sport of women's field hockey was still rather young when <mask> took up the game in 1897. She was one of the founding members of a women's hockey club in Spital.Playing as a central forward, she was soon named captain of the team. Club matches in which Dod played were won, while losses happened only in her absence. By 1899, Dod had made it to captain of the Cheshire county team, and represented her club at meetings of the women's hockey association for the northern counties. She first played in the English national team on 21 March that year, winning 3–1 over Ireland. Both English goals in the 1900 England and Ireland rematch were scored by Dod, securing a 2–1 victory. Dod failed to attend the match against Wales, suffering from sciatica attacks which kept her from sporting for months. Although she had recovered by 1901, Dod would not play again in national or county matches.All members of the Dod family stopped attending sports events for a while after their mother died on 1 August 1901, and Dod apparently lost her interest in

masks: Dod Lottie Dod Dod


title: Lottie Dod

texts:
 field hockey during that period, although she did occasionally play for Spital Club until 1905. Golf

Few golf clubs allowed women to play around the time <mask> Dod first played golf at age fifteen. Unlike tennis, Dod found golf a difficult sport to master. By the time she got seriously interested in the sport, the Ladies Golf Union (LGU) had been founded, and women's golf had become a real sport. Dod helped establish a ladies' golf club at Moreton in 1894 and entered that year's National Championships (match play) at Littlestone (Kent). She was eliminated in the third round, but Dod's interest in the sport grew, and she became a regular competitor in the National Championships and other tournaments for the next few years. In 1898 and 1900 she reached the semi-finals of the National Championships, but was defeated narrowly both times.In 1900, she also played in an unofficial country match against Ireland, which the English won 37–18. Dod did not compete in golf in 1901, and hardly entered major tournaments in the next two years, but she did play in the 1904 British Ladies Amateur, held at Troon. She qualified for the semi-finals for the third time in her life, and won it for the first time. Her opponent in the final was May Hezlet, the champion of 1899 and 1902. The match was very close, and the two were tied after 17 holes. Hezlet missed her putt on the final hole narrowly, after which Dod grabbed an unexpected victory, becoming the first, and to date only, woman to win British tennis and golf championships. Following her victory, Dod sailed to Philadelphia, where she had been invited by Frances C. Griscom, a former American golf champion, to attend the U.S. Women's Amateur as a spectator.Upon arrival, Dod found out the tournament regulations had been changed to allow for non-Americans to compete, and she was requested to compete. Her loss in the first round


title: Lottie Dod

texts:
 was a disappointment, but Dod persuaded several Americans to come and play in the British championships the following year. In the week before these 1905 championships, three international matches were planned, starting off with the first British-American international match. <mask> was the only British player to lose a match, as the United Kingdom won 6–1. Dod then played for the English team in a 3–4 defeat against Scotland and a 4–3 win over Ireland, although she lost both her matches. Dod was then eliminated in the fourth round of the National Championships. It was to be her last appearance in golf.Archery

In the autumn of 1905, <mask> and her brothers sold "Edgeworth" and moved to a new home near Newbury, Berkshire. They had been practising archery from the times before, but all three became more serious now and joined the Welford Park Archers in Newbury. As one of their ancestors was said to have commanded the English longbowmen at the Battle of Agincourt, they found this an appropriate sport. <mask> <mask> won her first tournament by 1906, and finished fifth in the Grand National Archery Meeting of 1906, 1907 and 1908. Dod's performances in the 1908 season earned her a spot on the British Olympic team. The field in the women's archery event consisted only of British women, but without the best archer of the era, Alice Legh. <mask> led the competition, held in rainy conditions, after the first day but was surpassed by Queenie Newall on the second day, eventually taking second place with 642 points to Newall's 688.Her brother Willy fared better and surprisingly secured the gold medal in the men's competition. In 1910, <mask> came close to winning the Grand National, which would have made archery the third sport in which she became a national champion. Both <mask> and her brother William led after day one, but moved down to second on the final competition

masks: Dod Dod Lottie Dod Dod Dod Lottie


title: Lottie Dod

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 day. After the Welford Archers were disbanded in late 1911, the Dods' interest in archery faded, meaning the end of <mask> <mask>'s long competitive sports career. Later life
In 1913, <mask> and Willy moved to a new house in Bideford. When World War I broke out, <mask> worked for the British Red Cross from November 1916 at Chelsea VAD Hospital and in a military hospital in Speen, Berkshire. Dod wanted to be transferred to the war zones in France but was hampered by sciatica and never served as a nurse outside England.She did receive a Service Medal by the Red Cross for serving more than 1,000 hours during the war. She then lived in London and Devon, and she never failed to attend the Wimbledon Championships until she was in her late eighties. After her brother Willy died in 1954, she lived in several nursing homes on the English south coast, eventually settling at the Birchy Hill Nursing Home in Sway, Hampshire. There she died, unmarried, at age 88, passing away while listening to the Wimbledon radio broadcasts in bed. Dod was elected to the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1983. Notes

References

Sources

External links

 <mask> <mask> on database Olympics.com
 Charlotte a.k.a. <mask> <mask> on Lives of the First World War

19th-century English people
19th-century female tennis players
Amateur golfers
Archers at the 1908 Summer Olympics
English female tennis players
English female archers
English female golfers
English female field hockey players
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in women's singles
International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees
Medalists at the 1908 Summer Olympics
Olympic archers of Great Britain
Olympic medalists in archery
Olympic silver medallists for Great Britain
People from Bebington
Tennis people from Merseyside
Wimbledon champions (pre-Open Era)
Winners of ladies' major amateur golf championships
1871 births
1960 deaths
19th-century

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title: Joe Jordan

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<mask> (born 15 December 1951) is a Scottish football player, coach and manager. He is currently a first team coach at AFC Bournemouth. A former striker, he played for Leeds United, Manchester United, and Milan, among others at club level, as well making 52 appearances and scoring 11 goals for Scotland. As a player, he gained a fearsome 'Jaws' persona due to having lost two front teeth early in his career. The persona aside, he became known as a strong, fearless and committed player, with skill to match, and good aerial abilities. He was part of the successful Leeds United team of the 1970s, winning the 1973–74 Football League First Division title. Cup success was elusive however, being a losing finalist with Leeds in the 1973 European Cup Winners' Cup Final and 1975 European Cup Final, and the 1979 FA Cup Final with Manchester United.At international level he is the only Scottish player to score in three World Cups, in 1974, 1978 and 1982. After retiring from playing, <mask> moved into coaching and management, at a number of clubs, most notably managing Heart of Midlothian in Scotland before later becoming first team coach at Portsmouth under Harry Redknapp, with whom he has since developed a close working relationship, later following him to Tottenham Hotspur. In coaching and management he is described by Redknapp and others as an enigmatic coach who bears listening to, who has lost none of his 'hard man' reputation as a player. For his efforts for club and country as a player, he was inducted into the Scottish Football Hall of Fame in 2005. He is considered a legend among the Tartan Army of Scotland fans, being best remembered for scoring the crucial goal against Czechoslovakia in 1973 which ensured Scotland qualified for their first World Cup finals in 16 years. Early life
<mask> was born in the village of Cleland, Lanarkshire (sometimes given as the nearby town of Carluke). After leaving school, <mask> became an apprentice draughtsman.At age 15, <mask> had also begun playing for the Scottish Junior

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 Football Association club, Blantyre Victoria. Club career

<mask> began his professional career in 1968 at Morton. He initially played for Morton part-time. <mask> moved to Leeds for £15,000 in 1970. Leeds United
There was little prospect of <mask> making first-team, as the partnership of Allan Clarke and Mick Jones was a well established and successful duo. In 1973, he made 16 League starts and scoring nine goals. However, he was left out of the team that contested the FA Cup final against Sunderland which Leeds lost 1–0.Don Revie would select him for the 1973 European Cup Winners' Cup Final played on 16 May against Milan, another 1–0 defeat. <mask> was a regular in the following season, as Leeds coasted to the League title. He scored seven goals in 25 League games. By 1974, <mask> was Leeds' main target man, providing many knock downs for Peter Lorimer to volley. Alongside other Scottish players at Leeds, <mask> formed part of the so called 'Scottish mafia'; namely goalkeeper David Harvey (1965–1980, 1982–1984), defender Gordon McQueen (1972–1978), midfielder Billy Bremner (1959–1976), left winger Eddie Gray (1965–1983) and right winger Peter Lorimer (1963–1979, 1983–1986). <mask> was the Leeds number 9 in the team which lost the 1975 European Cup Final 2–0 to Bayern Munich, described as the last hurrah for Revie's Leeds team. With Leeds in decline, <mask> moved to Manchester United in January 1978 for £350,000.His final league record for Leeds was 39 goals from 135 games. His Leeds and Scotland colleague Gordon McQueen soon followed. The deal set a new transfer fee record for a transfer between two English clubs. Manchester United
As the new Manchester United number 9, <mask> reached the 1979 FA Cup Final, ultimately losing 3–2 to the north London club Arsenal. During a 1980 FA Cup third round replay at Old Trafford, <mask> clashed with Tottenham goalkeeper Milija Aleksic, dislocating Alexsic's jaw. The Independent in 2011 described this as a revenge act for Aleksic having repeatedly been charging

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 <mask> during corners. It became known as the game that saw Tottenham's best player Glenn Hoddle have to play in goal.He remained at Old Trafford until 1981, when he moved to Italy to Milan. Milan
Jordan spent two seasons playing for Milan, scoring 12 goals in 52 league games. This was the 1981–82 season in the Italian top division, Serie A, and the 1982–83 season in Italian second division, Serie B. In his first season, he scored 2 goals in 22 league games, but after a bad run of results, the club was relegated to Serie B as the third last finishers in Serie A, 1-point behind Genoa. In the second season he scored 10 goals in 30 league games, and the club returned to Serie A, being promoted as Serie B champions, 8 points ahead of Lazio. In all competitions, <mask> was joint top-scorer for the club, with 6 goals alongside Roberto Antonelli in the first season, and 14 alongside Aldo Serena in the second season. On the eve of a return to the club in a Champions League game in 2011, as a coach with Tottenham, <mask> said the move to Milan, one of the biggest clubs in the world, was the best move of his career, and it gave him a chapter in it that he had always wanted, a chance to play abroad.Hellas Verona
After two seasons with Milan, instead of playing again in Serie A with them, <mask> moved to another Italian club Hellas Verona of the northern city of Verona. While Milan had been in Serie B for Jordan's last season there, Verona had finished fourth in the 1982–83 Serie A, earning a place in the UEFA Cup. The next season, both clubs finished the 1983–84 Serie A in equal sixth place. Having caught the eye of Verona for his brave, strong and combative performance in Serie B for Milan, they sought to use <mask>'s strength to play up front alongside the up and coming players Maurizio Iorio or Giuseppe Galderisi, who were fast and nimble but lacked strength, and were thought to be unable to play together, being an 'odd-couple'. From the start of the season <mask> played 24 games, 12 in the league, but only

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 scored 2 goals, 1 in the league, 1 in the Italian Cup. This poor form ultimately led Verona to drop <mask> and settle on the pairing of Iorio and Galderisi until the end of the season, with <mask> returning to England after that one season, credited at least with having passed on valuable experience to Iorio and Galderisi and other young players at the club. Later career
On his return to England, <mask> joined south coast club Southampton for a fee of £150,000.During his time at The Dell <mask> gave everything to the Saints' cause, despite being in the autumn of his career. He remained with the club until February 1987, by when he had lost his place to Colin Clarke. He was then given a free transfer to Bristol City, where he finished his playing days, and was briefly player-manager. At his retirement from playing, <mask> had made a total of 456 club appearances. In 2011, he described his three seasons in Italy as the best experience of his career. International career

On 19 May 1973, three days after appearing in the European Cup Winners Cup final for Leeds, <mask> played his first game for the Scotland national team, a 1–0 defeat to England at Wembley. In 1973, as part of the qualification campaign for the 1974 World Cup to be held in West Germany, <mask> scored with a flying header in what turned out to be a crucial winning goal, in a 2–1 win against Czechoslovakia at Hampden Park in Glasgow.Securing Scotland a place at the finals, this was the first time they had qualified for the World Cup since 1958, failing at three previous attempts. Jordan earned nine more Scotland caps by the end of the 1973–74 season, scoring two goals on the way, which saw him be selected for the finals. At the 1974 World Cup, <mask> scored the second goal in a 2–0 win over Zaire in the first group game, and a last minute equaliser in a 1–1 draw with Yugoslavia. Scotland finished the group unbeaten, but went out of the competition at the group stage on goal difference. In the second to last game of the qualification campaign

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 for the 1978 World Cup to be held in Argentina, Jordan won a controversial penalty against their opponents Wales, said to have helped Scotland to qualify at their expense. <mask> and the Welsh defender David Jones went to challenge for the ball in the Welsh penalty area, from a throw-in by Scotland midfielder Asa Hartford. The referee decided Jones had handled the ball, and awarded Scotland a penalty, although TV replays later showed that it was in fact <mask>'s hand which made contact with the ball (and also that he kissed his hand once the penalty was awarded).The penalty was converted, and the eventual 2–0 win for Scotland secured qualification by winning UEFA Group 7. He was selected by Ally MacLeod in the Scotland squad for the 1978 World Cup in Argentina. Jordan scored the opening goal in their first match against Peru, but Scotland went on to lose 3–1. Scotland again failed to qualify beyond the group stage, after a 1–1 draw with Iran and a 3–2 win against the Netherlands. <mask> was again selected for the Scotland squad in the 1982 World Cup. Scotland once again failed to progress beyond the group stages, but a personal milestone was achieved when he scored in the 2–2 draw against the USSR. This meant that <mask> had scored in three successive World Cup Finals.Unfortunately he was injured in the same match, and never played for his country again. In total, <mask> earned 52 international caps, scoring 11 goals, and is the only Scottish player to have scored in three World Cups. Coaching and management career

Bristol City
Moving into management, <mask>'s first job was at Bristol City which saw the club reach the semi-finals of the League cup. He managed the club from March 1988 to September 1990, for 134 games. During this time, he initially struggled in his first season in charge, but following a number of key signings – most notably Bob Taylor, from Leeds – he took City to promotion in the 1989–90 season, finishing second behind local rivals Bristol Rovers. Hearts
In 1990 <mask> was appointed

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title: Joe Jordan

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 manager of the Scottish Premier Division club Heart of Midlothian, based in the capital, Edinburgh. After a poor start to the 1990 campaign, Hearts had sacked their manager of eight years Alex MacDonald, and turned to <mask> as a high profile ex-Scotland international striker.He took charge of the club from 10 September. <mask> guided Hearts to second place in the Premier Division, and to two Scottish Cup semi-finals. With 63 points from 44 games, the club finished second in the 1991–92 Scottish Premier Division, nine points behind the champions Rangers and one point ahead of third placed Celtic. Hearts led the league for a significant part of the season, losing just two of their first 28 games. In the 1991–92 Scottish Cup they were eliminated in a penalty shoot-out against Airdrieonians, after two drawn matches. In the 1992–93 Scottish Cup they lost 2–1 away to Rangers. After a poor run in the 1992–93 season, which featured a 6–0 loss to Falkirk, later described by the club as a thrashing, the board sacked <mask>.<mask> left the club on 3 May 1993, having registered 69 wins, 31 draws and 43 losses, from 143 competitive games. Speaking in 2010, <mask> expressed bitterness over his departure from Hearts, asserting he had done "particularly well" and the dismissal was undeserved, but reflecting "That's life, you get on with it, nobody's going to listen to your sad stories, but that was a sore one". Celtic
After Hearts, in 1993 <mask> became assistant manager to Liam Brady at Celtic, said to be out of an emotional attachment to the club he supported as a boy, and to Brady. Having been in the job since 1991, Brady resigned just four months after <mask> arrived, and he felt morally obliged to do the same, stating in 2010 that he felt no regrets and that "You've just got to make those calls." Stoke City
<mask> was appointed manager of Stoke City in November 1993 taking over from fellow Scot Lou Macari who had left to join Celtic. <mask> was not a popular choice amongst the supporters at the Victoria Ground as

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 it looked likely that Denis Smith was to become their manager. They eventually accepted <mask> as the new manager but his style of play soon began to cause grumblings from the terraces but the side slowly got results going if not the quality of football on offer, Stoke finishing the 1993–94 season in 10th position.The 1994–95 season saw no change in the relationship between <mask> and the supporters and it came as little surprise when after a couple of heavy 4–0 defeats he resigned on 8 September 1994. He was replaced by the returning Lou Macari. Bristol City
Returning to Bristol City for a second spell, he managed the club from November 1994 to March 1997 for another 130 games. Northern Ireland
Between 1998 and 2000, he was assistant manager to Lawrie McMenemy as they unsuccessfully tried to get Northern Ireland to qualify for the 2000 European Championships. Huddersfield Town
From December 2000 until May 2002, he was assistant to his former Manchester United team-mate Lou Macari at Huddersfield Town. Portsmouth
In 2004, after a recommendation, <mask> was brought into the coaching team at Portsmouth by manager Harry Redknapp to work alongside him and his assistant manager, Kevin Bond. Under Redknapp, <mask> went on to win the 2008 FA Cup Final with Portsmouth.They beat Cardiff City 1–0 at Wembley Stadium on 17 May. While working as a coach under Redknapp at Portsmouth, <mask> said of his career and the possibility of future management roles, with clubs or Scotland, "I'm still ambitious and I'm desperate to do well here, along with the other people...I wouldn't rule [management] out, but I'm not chasing it. I get on well with [Redknapp] and we hope that we can achieve something. I won't go chasing every job that's going, I know what I am and what I can do, but I'm not going down the route of applying for jobs." <mask> continued to coach the team under the management of Velimir Zajec and Alain Perrin. He took over as caretaker manager for two games in November 2005 after Perrin's departure, before


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 Redknapp returned after resigning from Southampton. On the morning of 26 October 2008, after agreeing a compensation deal of £5m, Redknapp left Portsmouth to become the new manager of Tottenham Hotspur.This left assistant manager Tony Adams and first team coach <mask> to take charge of the team for the 1–1 home draw against Fulham the same day. On the question of whether both would follow him, when he left Redknapp said he believed former Arsenal player Adams would not follow due to the Tottenham-Arsenal rivalry, but said "<mask> has been fantastic for me and I would always be pleased to have him with me anywhere. But he is at Portsmouth at the moment and it is up to him and the club to see what will happen in the future." On his appointment as the permanent Portsmouth manager two days later, Adams said he was keen to keep <mask>, stating "<mask> is Portsmouth through and through, he's part of the woodwork, but he's a big man and will make his own decision." Tottenham
On 7 November 2008 <mask> left Portsmouth to join Redknapp at Tottenham Hotspur as first team coach, reforming the original Portsmouth back room team after Redknapp had also brought the recently sacked AFC Bournemouth manager Kevin Bond as Tottenham assistant manager. Portsmouth praised <mask>'s "significant contribution" on his departure after four years at the club. Queens Park Rangers
In November 2012, <mask> re-united with Harry Redknapp at Queens Park Rangers as first-team coach.Middlesbrough
On 17 March 2017, <mask> was appointed as assistant first-team manager under caretaker manager Steve Agnew at Middlesbrough. <mask> left his post at the end of the 2016–17 season. AFC Bournemouth
On 25 February 2021, AFC Bournemouth announced that <mask> had joined the coaching staff. Recognition
In 2005, <mask> was one of 11 players inducted into the Scottish Football Hall of Fame. Having been born in 1951, <mask> was the second youngest of the 2005 inductees, behind the then Rangers manager Alex McLeish, born in 1959, and with the oldest being

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texts: Charles Campbell, born "circa 1850s". Honouring the "truly great players, managers and officials who have reached the pinnacle of their profession and have made a significant contribution to Scotland's football reputation through their skill, spirit and determination", the induction followed the inaugural 20 Hall of Fame entrants, inducted in November 2004. Citing his "highly successful career at club level" at Leeds, Manchester United and Milan, the Hall of Fame stated <mask> would probably be best remembered for his crucial 1973 World Cup qualifying goal against Czechoslovakia.According to STV in 2010, for his efforts for the Scotland national team as "braveheart <mask>", for the "all round bravery and commitment to the cause whenever he [played for Scotland]" and particularly the crucial goal against Czechoslovakia in 1973, and the controversial penalty against Wales in 1977 (described as the 'hand of <mask>', in reference to the later infamous Hand of God goal in 1986), <mask>'s "status as a Scottish legend is safely assured" among the Tartan Army of Scotland's supporters. According to The Herald, <mask>'s hero status took hold with the goal against Czechoslovakia, due to both its significance and the fact it had been seemingly scored "as if it were an act of sheer will." On the occasion of the 110th anniversary of A.C. Milan, <mask> has been included in the list of the 110 most important players in the history of A.C. Milan . <mask> is described by The Herald as having crossed two eras in his career – having been a Scottish player at the time they were revered in the English game, he has gone on to coach in England as one of seven Scottish managers or coaches in the Premier League. He attributes this to a common determination and desire to win. In contrast to his playing career, <mask> has lamented the state of the game in Scotland in the late 2000s, which has seen a decline in domestic and international Scottish football, and profile of Scottish players in England, and a drying up of opportunities

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title: Joe Jordan

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 and even the availability of up and coming local players, contrasted to his era with contemporaries like Asa Hartford, Kenny Dalglish and Danny McGrain. 'Jaws' persona
<mask> was nicknamed Jaws early on in his playing career, due to his lack of front teeth, which had been knocked out.This had occurred in a clash during a Leeds United reserve match. He lost two front teeth after being kicked in the face during a goalmouth scramble. Although they were replaced by dentures, these were removed for safety reasons while playing. Having moved to Milan, in Italy his 'Jaws' nickname was given a local interpretation, becoming known as Lo Squalo (The Shark). Despite the dentures, this association remained with him into management; during the craze of taking novelty inflatables to matches such as bananas etc, when <mask> was manager of Bristol City fans waved giant inflatable teeth. According to The Times writing in 2009, images of <mask>'s "ferocious fangs as a player still regularly [appeared in] Scottish newpapers [sic] whenever an excuse can be found to hark back to the game's golden age" <mask> has been involved in several confrontations at the touchline and in the tunnel during his time at Tottenham, including with Roy Hodgson, Paul Ince, Alan Pardew, Andy Woodman, and Gennaro Gattuso. <mask> persona, stating "I was what I was, but I look back and I had seven years at Leeds, who were one of the top teams in Europe, then I got a transfer to Manchester United, then a transfer to AC Milan.These are top clubs, and I had opportunities to go to Liverpool, Arsenal, Ajax. I'm not saying that to brag; if those teams thought I had something to offer, it was more than having no teeth." Playing and management style
As one of the nominees for a public vote organised in April 2010 by STV to name 'Scotland's Greatest Team', <mask> was described as an "uncompromising, old fashioned centre forward who was never afraid to put his head where it hurts for club and country", adding that during the 1970s and 1980s "there were few

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 more fearsome sights in world football" than <mask>. In a 2007 list compiled by The Times <mask> was ranked as the 34th hardest man in the history of the game, with the citation "There have been few more fearsome sights in the European game than 'Jaws' <mask> without his front teeth." David O'Leary, when reflecting on his entire playing career as a defender (spent mostly at Arsenal between 1975 and 1993) he said of <mask> that he was the most combative forward he had ever faced. He has also been described as a powerhouse in aerial play. Citing his dislocation of Milija Aleksic's jaw in 1980 as an example, The Independent described in 2011 how <mask> was a player who "did not stand for nonsense on the pitch".According to The Herald writing in 2010, alongside his strong play, which due to the way the game was played at that time was almost a necessity if forwards wanted to succeed, <mask> also had a refinement to his game. Following the clash with Gattuso, playing on his hardman reputation, The Independent listed the "Five reasons not to mess with <mask>". Redknapp has said of <mask> as a coach that "You could put your life on him... He is quiet, but when he says something, it is worth listening to." In coaching, <mask> is described by The Herald as still having the presence and natural authority he had as a player, and of having an enigmatic solemnity about him. In the same interview, while living in Bristol, <mask> was described as having the intensified Scottish patriotism of an exile, who was willing to seize the opportunity to manage the Scottish national team since 2002. Personal life
<mask> has two sons who have both played professional football: Tom and Andy (who retired due to injury after leaving Hartlepool United).One of his two daughters lives and works in Italy. He has an interest in fine wines, picked up from his time playing in Italy. <mask> supported Celtic as a boy. As of March 2010, <mask> lived with his family in Bristol. Career statistics

Club
Sourced from

A. The "Other" column

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title: Volker Bouffier

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<mask> (born 18 December 1951) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). Since 31 August 2010 he has been Minister President of the German state of Hessen. From 1 November 2014 until 31 October 2015 he was President of the Bundesrat and ex officio deputy to the President of Germany. He has been chairman of CDU in Hesse since July 2010. From 1999 to 2010, he was minister of interior and sports in the state of Hessen. <mask> is a lawyer by profession. Because of his participation in state government, he is the longest serving Member of the Bundesrat, representing Hessen since 1999.Early life and career
Bouffier grew up in Giessen. His father <mask> (1920–1999) was a lawyer and CDU local politician in Giessen; his grandfather Robert Ferdinand <mask> (1883–1971) moved from Strasbourg to Giessen in 1906, where he later became a CDU politician. His paternal family is of French Huguenot ancestry. He studied law at the University of Giessen and completed his studies in 1977. From 1975 to 1978 he was a research assistant in public law at the University of Giessen, and in 1978 he was called to the bar. He practiced law for many years in addition to his political activities and is currently an inactive partner in the law firm Bouffier & Wolf. Political career
<mask> was leader of the Hessian Young Union, the youth organisation of the CDU, from 1978 to 1984.<mask> was first elected to the Parliament of the State of Hesse in 1982. He served as State Minister of the Interior and Sports in the government of Minister-President Roland Koch from 1999 to 2010. When Koch announced his withdrawal from the political scene and resigned in August 2010, he nominated Bouffier as his successor to lead the center-right CDU-FDP government that was formed after

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title: Volker Bouffier

texts: the 2009 state elections. In the negotiations to form a coalition government of the Christian Democrats (CDU together with the Bavarian CSU) and the Free Democratic Party (FDP) following the 2009 federal elections, Bouffier was part of the CDU/CSU delegation in the working group on internal and legal affairs, led by Wolfgang Schäuble and Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger. In 2010, <mask> was elected vice chairman of the CDU and has since been serving in the party's national leadership under successive chairwomen Angela Merkel (2012-2018) and Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (since 2018). On 7 June 2011, he was among the guests invited to the state dinner hosted by President Barack Obama in honor of Chancellor Angela Merkel at the White House. Under <mask>'s leadership, Hesse joined forces with Bavaria in early 2013 to launch a constitutional challenge to the Germany's system of tax transfers in order to stop subsidising spending in the city of Berlin, the national capital, and all the poorer states.At the time, Hesse was the third largest net contributor, with an annual transfer of almost €1.3 billion. On 8 February 2013, Bouffier agreed to the proposal of the President Joachim Gauck to hold the state elections on the same day as Germany's federal elections. When the official result gave no major parties and their traditional coalition partners a clear majority in the parliament, Bouffier decided to break ranks with the rest of Chancellor Angela Merkel's conservative party and seek a coalition government with the Greens rather than the Social Democrats (SPD). He thereby created only the second CDU-Green coalition to govern a German state, after the previous government of Hamburg. On the federal level, he was part of the 15-member leadership circle chaired by

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 Merkel, Horst Seehofer and Sigmar Gabriel in the negotiations to form a coalition government. As one of the state's representatives at the Bundesrat, Germany's upper house of parliament, <mask> is a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Defence. In October 2015, while he held the rotating presidency of the Bundesrat, he hosted the three-day festivities for the 25th anniversary of the reunification of the former East and West German states.On 25 February 2022, <mask> announced his resignation from the post of minister-president which will become effective on 31 May. Instead, he publicly endorsed Armin Laschet's candidacy. Controversy
German politicians from across the political spectrum criticized Deutsche Bank co-CEO Jürgen Fitschen in December 2012 following reports he had telephoned <mask> to complain about a raid on the bank's Twin Towers in Frankfurt – even though <mask>'s office was not directly responsible for overseeing the action. During the trial of Beate Zschäpe for the NSU murders, the BfV agent Andreas Temme who was at the scene of one of the murders, yet claimed not to have noticed it, was accused by the prosecution of having sympathies towards Neo-Nazism himself, thus casting doubt on his testimony. <mask>, then interior minister of Hesse, shielded Temme from further investigations, citing protection of undercover agents. Personal life
Bouffier is married to his wife Ursula, a former radiology assistant. In early 2019, he underwent treatment for skin cancer.References

1951 births
Living people
People from Giessen
German Lutherans
Presidents of the German Bundesrat
Christian Democratic Union of Germany politicians
Members of the Landtag of Hesse
Ministers-President of Hesse
Ministers of the Hesse State

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