title: Nadifa Mohamed

texts:
 "Britain’s clampdown on FGM is leaving young girls traumatised", The Guardian, 7 September 2017. "How many dead Somalis does it take for us to care? ", The Guardian, 23 October 2017. "What We Lost in the Grenfell Tower Fire", LitHub, 24 October 2017. References

External links
 "WDN Interview with <mask> <mask>: The Author of Black Mamba Boy", WardheerNews, 21 April 2011."Black Mamba Boy – <mask> <mask>" on YouTube. <mask> <mask> on Somali Writers, Asymptote. <mask> <mask> interviewed by Stacey Knecht for www.the-ledge.com
 Magnus Taylor, "An interview with <mask> <mask>: 'I don’t feel bound by Somalia…but the stories that have really motivated me are from there'", African Arguments, 1 November 2013. "<mask> <mask>: The Granta Podcast, Ep. 71", Granta, 22 May 2013. Granta Video: <mask> <mask>, 11 June 2013. Sameer Rahim, "<mask> <mask>'s Somali journey", The Telegraph, 16 August 2013.Annasue McCleave Wilson, "The Only Seeds Being Sown Were Bullets: PW Talks with <mask> <mask>", Publishers Weekly, 6 December 2013. John Freeman, "Novelist <mask> <mask> on the Impact of Trump's Muslim Ban", LitHub, 31 January 2017. 1981 births
Living people
Black British women writers
Somalian women novelists
British women novelists
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Somalian emigrants to the United Kingdom
Somalian Muslims
Writers from London
21st-century British novelists
People from Hargeisa
English people of Somali descent
21st-century British women writers
21st-century Somalian women writers
21st-century Somalian writers
Fellows of the Royal Society of

masks: Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed Nadifa Mohamed


title: Gustavo Gutiérrez

type: original

texts:
<mask>  (born 8 June 1928) is a Peruvian philosopher, Catholic theologian, and Dominican priest, regarded as one of the founders of Latin American liberation theology. He currently holds the John Cardinal O'Hara Professorship of Theology at the University of Notre Dame, and has previously been a visiting professor at many major universities in North America and Europe. He studied medicine and literature at the National University of San Marcos, where he also became involved with Catholic Action, which greatly influenced his theological arguments. At the Theology Faculty of Leuven in Belgium and Lyon, France, he began studying theology. He has taught at the University of Michigan, Harvard, Cambridge, Berkeley, and Montréal, among other schools. His theological focus aims to connect salvation and liberation through the preferential option for the poor, or the emphasis on improving the material conditions of the impoverished. Gutierrez proposes that revelation and eschatology have been excessively idealized at the expense of efforts to bring about the Kingdom of God on Earth.In this way, his methodology is often critical of the social and economic injustice he believes to be responsible for poverty in Latin America and the clergy within the Catholic Church. The central pastoral question of his work is: "How do we convey to the poor that God loves them?”

In 1974, <mask> founded the Lima branch of the Bartolomé de Las Casas Institute. The Institute, in its mission statement, aims to use theology as a means of addressing contemporary social issues and educating through research, engagement with lawmakers, and collaboration with grassroots organizations. <mask> is a member of the Peruvian Academy of Language. In 1993, he was awarded the Legion of Honor by the French government for his tireless work. In 2002 <mask> was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 2003 he

masks:
Gustavo Gutiérrez Merino
Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez


title: Gustavo Gutiérrez

texts:
 received the Príncipe de Asturias award. In 2016, he received the Pacem in Terris Award from St. Ambrose University.Early life and education
On 8 June 1928, <mask> was born to mestizo parentage, being half-Hispanic and half-Indigenous. Gutiérrez was afflicted with osteomyelitis as an adolescent and was frequently bed-ridden. He had to use a wheelchair from age 12 to 18. However, he describes this time as a formative experience, claiming it instilled the value of hope through prayer and the love of family in friends. As he describes it, this experience had a profound impact on his interest in theology. He initially studied medicine at the National University of San Marcos in Peru in order to become a psychiatrist, then he realized he wanted to become a priest. He completed his theological studies in the Theology Faculty of Leuven in Belgium and in Lyon in France, where he studied under Henri de Lubac, Yves Congar, Marie Dominique Chenu, Christian Ducoq, and several others.It was also here where Gutiérrez was introduced to the Dominican and Jesuit ideologies, and was influenced by the work of Edward Schillebeeckx, Karl Rahner, Hans Küng, and Johann Baptist Metz. His time in Europe influenced Gutiérrez to discuss the openness of the Church to the contemporary world. He was also influenced by Protestant theologians such as Karl Barth and social scientists such as François Perroux and his idea of development. In 1959, Gutiérrez was ordained a priest. While studying in Europe, Gutiérrez was exposed to other, non-religious thinkers who had a profound impact on his ideology and the eventual formation of Latin American liberation theology. At the Faculty of Theology in Lyons, France he studied Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud - who he did a philosophy licentiate on at the University of Louvrain - and evolutionary theorists traditionally opposed or discouraged by the church. Marx's discussion of


title: Gustavo Gutiérrez

texts:
 class struggle and the material conditions of poverty provided Gutiérrez a framework for understanding socio-economic inequality.<mask> was at one time a parish priest of the Iglesia Cristo Redentor (Church of the Holy Redeemer) in Rimac, Peru. Foundations of liberation theology
When he returned to Peru, <mask> began to formulate his understanding of Latin American "reality" – the foundation and driving force of Latin American liberation theology. He states: "I come from a continent in which more than 60% of the population lives in a state of poverty, and 82% of those find themselves in extreme poverty." <mask> focused his efforts on the rediscovery of love thy neighbor as the central axiom of Christian life. He felt the European theology he had studied did not reflect the oppressive material conditions in Latin America. In 2003, <mask> reminisced that his "parishioners in Lima would...  teach me volumes about hope in the midst of suffering". This relationship with Christianity would inspire his book On Job, published in 1987.An outline of <mask>'s theological proposal was drafted in his conference "Towards a Theology of Liberation" during the Second Meeting of Priests and Laity in Chimbote, Peru, between 21 and 25 July 1968. In this proposal, he cites on multiple occasions Vatican II's Gaudium et Spes and Paul VI's Populorum Progressio. To Gutiérrez, the source of the problems of Latin America was the sin manifested in an unjust social structure. His solution to this problem was to emphasize the dignity of the poor by prioritizing the glory of God present in them. This perspective would be refined over the next five years, until <mask> published A Theology of Liberation in 1973. Latin American liberation theology thus emerged as a biblical analysis of poverty. Gutiérrez distinguished two forms of poverty: a "scandalous state" and a "spiritual childhood."He noted that, while

masks: Gutiérrez Gutiérrez Gutiérrez Gutiérrez Gutiérrez Gutiérrez


title: Gustavo Gutiérrez

texts:
 the former is abhorred by God, the second is valued. Gutiérrez identified that each form of poverty was present in Latin America, wherein one hungers for bread and for God. It is only through the manifestation of a committed faith that the purposes of God can be manifested to man, regardless of the color or social class under which he was born. Liberation theology insists on prioritizing the gift of life as the supreme manifestation of God. <mask> asserts that his understanding of poverty as a "scandalous state" is reflected in Luke's beatitude "Blessed are you poor, for the kingdom of God is yours", whereas his interpretation of it as "spiritual childhood" has precedent in Matthew's verse, "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of Heaven". He argues that there are forms of poverty beyond economic. Writings on the option for the poor
Gutiérrez calls for understanding the reality of the poor.Being poor is not simply lacking the economic resources for development. On the contrary, Gutiérrez understands poverty as "a way of living, of thinking, of loving, of praying, of believing and waiting, of spending free time, of fighting for life." On the other hand, the Dominican emphasizes that poverty is the result of flawed social institutions. While many theologians oversimplify poverty's social roots, for Gutiérrez the origin of poverty is much more complex. In Latin America, it originates from the times of the conquest and to that is added several political, geographical, and personal factors. The proclamation of the gospel in the midst of the unjust situation in Latin America leads to a praxis based on principles derived from the word of God. In the article Theology and Poverty, <mask> recalls that this option should lead to three well-defined actions, with the preferential option for the poor unfolding as a fundamental axis of the Christian life on three levels:

masks: Gutiérrez Gutiérrez


title: Gustavo Gutiérrez

texts:
 The announcement and testimony of the reign of God denounces poverty.The intelligence of faith reveals essential aspects of God and provides a perspective for theological work. Walking in the footsteps of Jesus, otherwise known as spirituality, is, on the deepest level, the basis on which everything else rests. The main biblical foundation for this praxis lies in the kenotic incarnation of Christ. To Gutiérrez, the ministry of Christ among the rejected and despised of his time is a clear example for the contemporary Church. Furthermore, "the incarnation is an act of love. Christ becomes man, dies and rises to liberate us, and makes us enjoy freedom. To die and be resurrected with Christ is to overcome death and enter into a new life.The cross and the resurrection seal our freedom." The freedom of Christ is seen by Gutiérrez as the source of spiritual and economic freedom. Theological reflection on liberation is not just a simple discourse without practical and concrete implications. Reflection on the situation of the poor leads to what liberation theologians call "liberating praxis", where they attempt to rectify the process by which the faith of the Church builds the economic, spiritual and intellectual liberation of socially oppressed peoples as fulfillment of the kingdom of God. The liberating praxis, then, has its basis in the love that God manifests for us and in the sense of solidarity and fellowship that should exist in interpersonal relationships among the children of God. These are concepts that Gutiérrez developed in concert with education activist/philosopher Paulo Freire, whose 1971 seminal work Pedagogy of the Oppressed explored the concept of praxis and a preferential option for the poor. Legacy

<mask> is an influential figure within 20th century theology as a whole, and responses to his work have been polarized.Arthur McGovern identifies liberation theology as


title: Gustavo Gutiérrez

texts:
 an anomaly within theologian fields, arguing that theology discourse is generally limited to academic circles. He argues that <mask>'s theories, however, have considerable and tangible impacts on the Latin America's socio-economic conditions. Liberation theology was intended as a call to all believers in Latin America to act on the biblical commitment to the poor. <mask>'s message on material and economic conditions serves to place inequality in both religious and political discourse. <mask>'s thought has influenced theology, both in Latin America and abroad. This influence can be observed from the evangelical proposal of the "integral mission" developed years after the origin of liberation, to the development of social ministries within the evangelical churches in the last decades. Among his most prominent followers are Hugo Echegaray and Luis Felipe Zegarra Russo.His friends include the German theologian Gerhard Ludwig Müller, the former Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. On the subject of <mask>'s thought, of which he was a student, Müller stated: "The theology of <mask>z, how it is considered, is orthodox because it is orthopractic and teaches us the correct Christian way of acting, since it derives from authentic faith." On <mask>'s 90th birthday, in 2018, Pope Francis thanked him for his contributions "to the church and humanity through your theological service and your preferential love for the poor and discarded of society." While <mask>'s positions were never censored by the Church, he had been asked to modify some of his propositions. Criticisms

In the early 1970s, <mask> gave a controversial lecture in Córdoba, Argentina upon being invited by the Movement of Priests for the Third World. He refused to speak unless Father Jerónimo Podestá - a fellow liberation theologian who, unlike Gutiérrez, fought for the right of priests to marry - left the

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Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez
Gustavo Gutiérrez
Gustavo Gutiérre
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Gutiérrez
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title: Gustavo Gutiérrez

texts:
 room. Years after, Podestá's widow and fellow critic of mandatory celibacy within the church, Clelia Luro deemed Guiterrez's attitude towards the issue to be discriminatory, criticizing him in the following letter:

In 1984, the Holy See - under Pope John Paul II - criticised aspects of liberation theology, taking particular issue with its use of Marxist economic theory.Then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger asked Peruvian bishops to examine Guiterrez's writings, voicing concerns that Gutierrez's arguments embodied a concerning "idealization of faith". As a result, he and liberation theology were the subjects of 36-page Vatican report, which declared Marxism to be incompatible with Catholic teachings. The Catholic Church in Peru then held a vote to rebuke <mask>'s ordination within the group, which ended in a tie. According to Arthur McGovern, controversy regarding Gutiérrez and liberation theology was not limited to the Catholic Church: the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal printed full-scale advertisements warning readers of a potential communist state in Mexico, arguing that "liberation theology… [would] install Communism in the name of Christianity" and encourage acts of terrorism. Selected works
 On the Side of the Poor: The Theology of Liberation. Co-authored with Cardinal Gerhard Ludwig Müller. Orbis Books, 2015:
 In the Company of the Poor: conversations between Dr. Paul Farmer and Fr.<mask>rrez. Ed. Michael Griffin and Jennie Weiss Block. Orbis Books, 2013:
 Las Casas: In Search of the Poor of Jesus Christ, trans. Robert R. Barr (Maryknoll: Orbis, 1993). Originally published as En busca de los pobres de Jesucristo: El pensamiento de Bartolomé de las Casas (Lima: CEP, 1992). The God of Life, trans.Matthew J. O'Connell (Maryknoll: Orbis, 1991). Originally published as El Dios de la vida (Lima: CEP, 1989). On Job: God-Talk and the Suffering of the Innocent, trans.

masks:
Gutiérrez
Gustavo Gutié


title: Gustavo Gutiérrez

texts:
 Matthew J. O'Connell (Maryknoll: Orbis, 1987). Originally published as Hablar de Dios desde el sufrimiento del inocente (Lima: CEP, 1986). The Truth Shall Make You Free: Confrontations, trans. Matthew J. O'Connell (Maryknoll: Orbis, 1990).Originally published as La verdad los hará libres: Confrontaciones (Lima: CEP, 1986). We Drink from Our Own Wells: The Spiritual Journey of a People, 20th anniversary ed., trans. Matthew J. O'Connell (Maryknoll: Orbis, 2003; 1st ed., Maryknoll: Orbis, 1984). Originally published as Beber en su propio pozo: En el itinerario espiritual de un pueblo (Lima: CEP, 1983). A Theology of Liberation: History, Politics, and Salvation, 15th anniversary ed., trans. Caridad Inda and John Eagleson (Maryknoll: Orbis, 1988; 1st ed., Maryknoll: Orbis, 1973). Originally published as Teología de la liberación: Perspectivas (Lima: CEP, 1971).See also

Liberation theology
Black theology
Christian communism
Christian left
Christian socialism
Progressive Christianity
Social gospel
Social justice

References

Further reading

External links

 <mask> on the University of Notre Dame website
 Audio downloads of <mask>'s 1995 Drummond Lectures in Scotland
 Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith-August 6, 1984. Instruction on certain aspect of  "Liberation Theology"
 Liberation Theology in the World History Encyclopedia

1928 births
Living people
People from Lima
Anti-poverty advocates
Peruvian Dominicans
Peruvian Roman Catholics
Peruvian Christian theologians
Peruvian Christian socialists
Peruvian philosophers
Catholic philosophers
Liberation theologians
Christian Peace Conference members
Peruvian people of Quechua descent
University of Notre Dame faculty
Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968) alumni
National University of San Marcos alumni
Christian radicals
Catholic socialists
Christian socialist theologians
World Christianity scholars
Catholicism and

masks:
Gustavo Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez


title: Alberto Hurtado

texts:
<mask> (; born <mask> on January 22, 1901 in Viña del Mar, Chile – August 18, 1952 in Santiago, Chile), popularly known in Chile as <mask> (Spanish for "<mask>"), was a Chilean Jesuit priest, lawyer, social worker, and writer, of Basque ancestry. He founded the Hogar de Cristo foundation in 1944. He was canonized on October 23, 2005, by Pope Benedict XVI, becoming his country's second saint. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Viña del Mar, Chile, on January 22, 1901, to an aristocratic family. After the death of his father when <mask> was four years old, his mother, with just two small sons, decided to sell their large estate. Unfortunately the buyer defrauded her. The family, now impoverished, was forced to live with a succession of relatives.From an early age, <mask> experienced what it meant to be poor and without a home. Thanks to a scholarship, he was able to attend the prestigious, all-boys, Jesuit school of St. Ignacio, Santiago, Chile (1909–17). During this time, he volunteered at the Parroquia Nuestra Señora de Andacollo, Santiago, a Catholic parish and school in a poor neighborhood of Santiago, where he assisted in the office and was librarian. From 1918 to 1923, he attended the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, studying in its law school and writing his thesis on labour law. After interrupting his studies for obligatory military service, he earned his degree in August 1923. <mask> entered the Jesuit novitiate in 1923. In 1925 he went to Córdoba, Argentina, where he studied humanities.In 1927 he was sent to Barcelona, Spain, to study philosophy and theology. When the Jesuits were suppressed in Spain in 1931, he continued his studies in theology at Louvain, Belgium. He was ordained a priest there on August 24,1933, and in 1935 he obtained a doctorate in pedagogy and psychology. Educator
Before returning to Chile, <mask> visited social and educational centers in Germany, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. He returned to Chile in January 1936 and took up his post as

masks:
Alberto Hurtado
Luis Alberto Hurtado Cruchaga
Padre Hurtado
Father Hurtado
Alberto Hurtado
Alberto
Hurtado
Hurtado
Hurtado


title: Alberto Hurtado

texts:
 professor of religion at Colegio San Ignacio and of Pedagogy at the Catholic University of Santiago. He was entrusted with the Sodality of Our Lady for the students, and he involved them in teaching catechism to the poor. Conservative Catholics in Chile had difficulty accepting the church's social teachings.As late as 1931, the official organ of the party aligned with the church hierarchy refused to publish the papal encyclical Quadragesimo anno and considered it "an orientation directed to other parts of the world but not Chile." In 1936, <mask> authored an article entitled The Priesthood Crisis In Chile, which addressed the problem of the shortage of priests in Chile; his analysis was criticized as "exaggerated". He criticized the quality of catechism instruction offered in Chile and wrote that young men often signed up as catechists but lacked the necessary certificate. Social apostolate

In 1940, <mask> was appointed diocesan director of the Catholic Action youth movement and he served as its national director from 1941 to 1944. Also in 1941, <mask> authored Is Chile a Catholic Country? The book published statistics demonstrating a lack of priests assigned to the working class and rural populations, and it reported on parishes that had one priest assigned to 10,000 laypeople spread across huge geographic areas. He advocated an increase in the number of priests and better education for them.Almost half of Chile's clergy were foreigners, including missionaries from the United States and Canada, who rode circuits of towns to administer the sacraments. Most Chileans regarded devotion to the Virgin and the saints as more important than attending Mass or receiving the Eucharist, which they could not do regularly. In the book, <mask> published the results of a 1939 survey of Chilean religious practices and reported that only 9% of Chilean women and 3.5% of Chilean men regularly attended Mass. The book was heavily criticised by more conservative Catholics, who accused <mask> of being a Communist.

masks: Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado


title: Alberto Hurtado

texts:
 Keeping in mind his own origins, and ever grateful for the help he and his family had received when they were in great difficulties, <mask> was led to active social involvement. His strong faith was transformed into action with his founding of an organization similar to Boys Town in the United States. His shelters, called Hogar de Cristo (Home of Christ), took in all children in need of food and shelter, abandoned or not.He also purchased a 1946 green pickup truck and monitored the streets at night to help those in need that he could reach. His own charisma brought him many collaborators and benefactors. The movement was a huge success. The shelters multiplied throughout Chile and it is estimated that between 1945 and 1951 more than 850,000 children received some help from the movement. Labor movement and social doctrine of the church
In 1947, <mask> entered the labor movement. Inspired by the social teaching of the church he founded the Chilean Trade Union Association, meant to train leaders and instill Christian values in the labor unions. He wrote three books: Social Humanism (1947), The Christian Social Order (1947) and Trade Unions (1950).He served as a confessor to the Falange Nacional, the precursor to the modern Christian Democratic Party. To disseminate the social teaching of the church and help Christians reflect and act on the serious social problems faced by Chile, he founded in 1951 the periodical Mensaje ("Message"). He published numerous articles and books on labor issues in relation to the Catholic faith. Death
Deeply spiritual, <mask> was untiring in his work for the workers and the youth, combining intellectual reflection and practical actions. Ever optimistic and joyful, he had also an attractive personality that brought many people to Christ and the Catholic Church, young and old, intellectuals and manual workers. In 1952, <mask> was stricken with intense pain and rushed to the hospital. He was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.Day after day the media kept the country

masks: Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado


title: Alberto Hurtado

texts:
 informed of <mask>'s state of health. Before his death he had become a national hero. After a brief battle with the illness, he died in Santiago. Veneration
<mask> was beatified on October 16, 1994, by Pope John Paul II and canonized by Pope Benedict XVI on October 23, 2005. <mask> was one of the first people to be elevated to sainthood during the papacy of Pope Benedict XVI; he was also the second Chilean saint, after Teresa of Los Andes. <mask> is one of the most popular and cherished saints in his country, Chile. An indication of his lasting popularity was the presence in Saint Peter's Square, on the day of <mask>'s canonization, of a very large contingent of Chilean people, led by the highest authorities of the country, starting with President Ricardo Lagos and some high-ranking Chilean politicians who actually had been <mask>'s students during his school teacher time, like Senator Gabriel Valdés.Legacy

 The "Hogar de Cristo" he founded still exists, and through its fight for social justice, it has become one of the biggest charity groups in Chile. There is also an avenue and the San Alberto Hurtado metro station in Santiago (the closest to his main shrine, which also houses the Hogar's headquarters) named after him. Alberto Hurtado University, located in Santiago and run by the Society of Jesus, preserves his name and strives to bring his legacy into contemporary education and social affairs, facilitating activities through its Center for Reflection and Social Action (CREAS). St. Joseph's Preparatory School in Philadelphia, PA, established The Hurtado Food Pantry, where a team of high school students organizes monthly food collections and deliveries, sending out thousands of pounds of food to the community. Xavier High School in New York, New York, renamed a hall (in which a soup kitchen feeds over 900 meals every Sunday) and Seattle University has a Residential Learning Community named after him. Jesuit High School in Portland, Oregon, opens its empty classrooms in the evenings to an ESL

masks: Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado Hurtado


title: Alberto Hurtado

texts:
 program called The Hurtado Center. Belen Jesuit High School has started the Hurtado Experience for its ninth graders, taking them on retreats to help out the needy in Miami.The famous Jesuit boarding school Clongowes Wood College, Co. Kildare. Ireland, named their Bursary Programme after him in 2007. Ten percent (10%) of the student population are educated free in the interest of the school being socially just. This is not a scholarship but a bursary for students who would benefit most from a Clongowes education in the Jesuit tradition. Currently six years in Clongowes would cost €100800.00 ( 2011/2012 figures €16800 per annum ). Chilean historian Marciano Barrios Valdes considered the Catholic Action movement in Chile to be what sustained the Catholic Church's continued existence in Chile into the 1960s. The Jesuit run Rockhurst High Schooll in Kansas City, Missouri, runs an accelerated learning program for inner-city, Catholic, middle school boys named "The Hurtado Scholars Program".Since 2006 the Press Club of Chile has presented the annual <mask> Cruchaga Award () to people and institutions for service to the community in the field of journalism. Jesuit High School of Tampa Bay has a scholarship named after him for those students who serve in their community. He is patron of the Novitiate of the USA Midwest province of the Society of Jesus. Criticism
Members of the Conservative Party denounced what they saw as <mask>'s endorsement of the National Falange, a party founded after young social Catholics split from the conservative party. There were also attacks from the left. An anonymous article published in Policarpo in 1982 called <mask> "the last prophet of the bourgeoisie" while it contrasts him unfavorably with the figure of Enrique Alvear who is hailed as the "first Pastor of the Church of the poor in Chile". Clotario Blest, who like <mask> was also intellectually indebted to Fernando Vives, is reported to have distanced himself from <mask>.Media
During the 1990s there was a short TV

masks:
Alberto Hurtado
Hurtado
Hurtado
Hurtado
Hurtado


title: Alberto Hurtado

texts:
 series dedicated to him, named Crónica de un Hombre Santo (English: Chronicles of a Holy Man). Four actors portrayed <mask>, from his childhood to his last years; popular telenovela actor Cristián Campos played the adult <mask> during his ministry. <mask> remains very popular in Chile to this day. His Facebook fan page has more than 50,000 followers. Main works
 ¿Es Chile un pais católico? (English: Is Chile a Catholic country? ), Santiago (Chile), 1941.Humanismo social (English: Social humanism), Santiago (Chile), 1947. El orden social cristiano en los documentos de la jerarquía católica (English: Christian social order in the documents of the Catholic hierarchy), 2 vol., Santiago (Chile), 1947. Sindicalismo: historia-teoría-práctica (English: Syndicalism: History-Theory-Practice), Santiago (Chile), 1950. See also

Bartolome Blanco Marquez, Youth leader of Catholic Action and martyr of the Spanish Civil War
<mask>li
Saint <mask>, patron saint archive
San Alberto Hurtado metro station
Frederic Ozanam
Alberto Hurtado University

References

Bibliography
 CID, F.D. : El humanismo de Alberto Hurtado S.J., Santiago (Chile), 1975. LAVIN, A.: El P.Hurtado, amigo y apostol de los jovanes, Santiago (Chile), 1978. GILFEATHER, Katherine A.: <mask>, a man after God's Heart, Santiago (Chile), 2004.External links
 "Padre Hurtado" Documentation and Studies Center (Spanish)
 Padre Hurtado: Some of his writings and his biography (English)
 Fundación Padre Hurtado (Spanish)
 Hogar de Cristo (English)

Chilean Roman Catholic saints
20th-century Chilean Jesuits
Jesuit saints
Chilean people of Basque descent
Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968) alumni
Pontifical Catholic University of Chile alumni
Chilean trade unionists
1901 births
1952 deaths
People from Viña del Mar
Burials in Chile
20th-century Christian saints
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Deaths from cancer in Chile
Conservative Party (Chile) politicians
Beatifications by Pope John Paul II
Canonizations by Pope Benedict XVI
Venerated Catholics by Pope

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Alberto Marvel
Alberto Hurtado
Alberto Hurtado


title: H. W. Gretton

texts:
<mask> (16 March 1914 – 1983) was a New Zealand poet, lyricist, writer, teacher, journalist, linguist, diarist and Second World War soldier. In New Zealand, Gretton's tramping songs (popular between the 1950s and 1970s) are still well known today. His Second World War diary is also of note for its social history of military life, along with his soldier's poem 'Koru and Acanthus'. Life

<mask> grew up near Palmerston North on a dairy farm in Linton. He was the son of the farmer <mask> and <mask> (née Geddes). He attended Palmerston North Boys' High School and after Victoria College (1935–38). At Victoria, <mask> studied for his Bachelor of Arts degree and other interests included running, the University Tramping Club, and contributing to the annual student review, The Spike.He found work as a copyholder and later cadet reporter for The Dominion before attending Teacher's Training College while he was also studying part-time at Victoria. <mask> served in World War II and appears on the World War II Nominal Rolls 1939–1948. He was called up for military service in 1941 and served in the 2NZEF infantry. He was teaching at Manaia Primary School in Taranaki at the time of his call-up. In 1942, he became Registrar of the Births and Deaths of Maori at Waitapu. At the conclusion of his service, <mask> returned to Victoria University and teaching, and graduated with an MA in 1948. He next moved to the Hawke's Bay to teach at Rangitahi Maori District High School in Whakatane, but returned to Wellington in the 1950s to work at the Wellington

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Harold William Gretton
Gretton
Thomas Henry Gretton
Margaret Gretton
Gretton
Gretton
Gretton


title: H. W. Gretton

texts:
 Correspondence School, and after lived and taught for many years in Taupo at Taupo Nui-a-Tia College from 1962–78.<mask> married Derkje (Diana<mask> (née <mask>f), who was Dutch. He died in 1983 at the age of 69. Literary output

<mask> began writing poetry as a schoolboy at Palmerston North Boys' High School. By 1931, he could produce competent parodies of Romantic Scottish ballads. He published much of his poetry and prose in The Spike: or, Victoria University College Review between 1935 and 1947. In 1944, he co-edited (with Martyn Uren and J. L. Grimaldi) the February issue of the troopship magazine, Down the Hatch, which includes a number of sketches by Captain Peter McIntyre. The magazine was produced on Troopship 82 (Mooltan) which left New Zealand on 12 January 1944 carrying 11th Reinforcements.In 1949, <mask>'s poetry appeared in the third edition of the Victoria University College anthology, The Old Clay Patch. He also appears in the Glenco publication, Moa on Lambton Quay: Animal, Vegetable and Funereal Verse (1951). He has tramping songs included in ephemeral songbooks such as the Tararua Songbook (1971) and collections distributed by New Zealand tramping clubs and student organisations. <mask>’s songs were popular with these tramping organisations from the 1950s to the 1970s. In 1967, Gretton’s tramping songs were included in Shanties by the Way: A Selection of New Zealand Popular Songs and Ballads, collected and edited by Rona Bailey and <mask>; with musical arrangements by Neil Colquhoun. In 1984, his song ‘A Fast Pair of

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Gretton
) Gretton
Ho
Gretton
Gretton
Gretton
Herbert Roth


title: H. W. Gretton

texts:
 Skis' appeared in A Thousand Mountains Shining: Stories From New Zealand’s Mountain World edited by Ray Knox. One privately published anthology of his writings, A Selection of Poems, Songs and Short Stories (c.1985), appeared after his death and printed at the Gisborne Herald.The only copy is held at the Victoria University of Wellington Library. <mask> wrote in many forms, from popular songs and ballads to triolets and other forms of light verse. <mask> also wrote one major post-Second World War soldier's poem, 'Koru and Acanthus', that he had plans for in Italy in 1945 and completed by 1946. It appears in The Spike 1947. The poem looks at the apocalyptic effects of war in Europe with reflections on New Zealand's future. His papers consist of notebooks and a diary. The diary is a social history of the war period through the lens of a 2NZEF infantryman.Renewal of interest

In 1991, Les Cleveland included <mask>'s 'No More Double Bunking' in The Great New Zealand Songbook; and Cleveland again mentions Gretton for his war poem 'Koru and Acanthus' in his essay on 'War Literature: World War 2’ in the Oxford Companion to New Zealand Literature (1998). Academics <mask> and <mask> further included seven of Gretton’s comic verses and songs in their anthology of New Zealand comic and satiric verse, How You Doing? (1998). This can be seen as the first major inclusion of <mask>’s work in a New Zealand anthology since the 1960s whose contributors date back to the 19th century. In 2001, New Zealand poets and editors Bill Sewell and Lauris Edmond

masks:
Gretton
Gretton
Gretton
Harry Ricketts
Hugh Roberts
Gretton


title: H. W. Gretton

texts:
 included two of Gretton's poems in their anthology of New Zealand poetry, Essential New Zealand Poems. In 2002, Les Cleveland contributed an article on Gretton to New Zealand Books. Cleveland notes 'Gretton's poetry is energised by a wry, discerning wit and dexterous capacity for rhyme.'Cleveland's essay is the first significant article to appear discussing <mask>'s critical neglect. Cleveland notes further that: ‘Today, <mask> is remembered by many of his generation as the composer of songs that celebrate the pleasures of the outdoors. H. W<mask>’s tramping songs ‘A Fast Pair of Skis’ and ‘No More Double Bunking’ are also included on the historical website NZ Folk Songs. References

External links

• ‘Koru and Acanthus’ in The Spike 1947 http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-VUW1947_Spik-t1-body-d10.html

• The Spike: or, Victoria University College Review http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-corpus-VUWMagazines..html

• Victoria University Library catalogue http://library.victoria.ac.nz/library/

• H. W. Gretton’s ‘A Fast Pair of Skis’ and ‘No More Double Bunking’ at NZ Folk Songs http://folksong.org.nz/tramp/index.html

1914 births
1983 deaths
New Zealand educators
New Zealand male poets
New Zealand composers
Male composers
New Zealand diarists
People educated at Palmerston North Boys' High School
Victoria University of Wellington alumni
New Zealand military personnel of World War II
20th-century New Zealand poets
20th-century New Zealand male writers
20th-century composers
20th-century male musicians
20th-century New Zealand

masks:
Gretton
Gretton
. Gretton


title: Padilla affair

texts:
<mask> (20 January 1932 – 25 September 2000) was a Cuban poet put to the center of the so-called <mask> affair when he was imprisoned for criticizing the Cuban government. He was born in Puerta de Golpe, Pinar del Río, Cuba. His first book of poetry, Las rosas audaces (The Audacious Roses), was published in 1949. After his first marriage to Bertha Hernandez with whom he had three children, <mask>, <mask> and <mask>, he married poet Belkis Cuza Malé with whom he had his younger son <mask>. Although <mask> initially supported the revolution led by Fidel Castro, by the late 1960s he began to criticize it openly and in 1971, he was imprisoned by the Castro regime. Background
<mask>'s criticism of the Castro Regime was prompted by the changing role of the writer in the new revolutionary society of Cuba, and the brewing hostilities between Cuban cultural bureaucrats and the Cuban writers. During the 1950s, writers in Cuba had shown strength and vigor in the production of cultural institutions and creative material, including the Casa de las Américas and the publication of Lunes de Revolución.However, cultural bureaucrats had begun to be more critical towards art produced, and banned the movie P.M., a film about night life in Cuba. This perpetuated already existing distrust between the Popular Socialist Party, and Lunes de Revolución, who had sponsored the television platform that P.M. was shown on. Following this crisis, the writers of Lunes de Revolución, among other Cuban writers, were invited to a series of discussions at the National Library, where leaders of the PSP accused them of being divisive and not truly socialist. The heated nature of these debates demanded

masks:
Heberto Juan Padilla
Padilla
Giselle Padilla
Maria Padilla
Carlos Padilla
Ernesto Padilla
Padilla
Padilla


title: Padilla affair

texts: the intervention of Fidel Castro, himself, who then, in this speech, outlined the government's cultural policy: there will be tolerance towards all forms of artistic expression, as long as there was a basic support for the Revolution. Padilla began to get frustrated with the growing government interference in cultural affairs. In 1968, this underlying tension manifested in a debate published in the cultural magazine, El Caimán Barbudo, where Padilla wrote a scathing critique of Lisandro Otero's Pasión de Urbino, a novel that was considered for the Spanish Biblioteca Breve award, but was beat out by Tres Tristes Tigres by Guillermo Cabrera Infante. In Padilla's article, he denounces Pasión de Urbino, as well as its bureaucratic author, Otero, who was the Vice President of the Cultural Council.<mask> proceeded to praise Tres Triste Tigres, calling it one of the most brilliant, ingenious and profoundly Cuban novels ever written. Therefore, <mask> not only attacked, Otero, a high-ranking cultural official but praised Cabrera Infante, who had publicly condemned the Revolution and the conditions of writers within Cuba, dangerously branding Padilla as an ally to traitor to the Revolution. Following this scandal, the editorial board of El Caimán Barbudo that published this debate was fired and <mask> had also lost his job working at the Granma, or one of the government sanctioned news outlets in Cuba. <mask>'s frustration was only exacerbated when the Cuban Union of Writers and Artists, or the UNEAC, awarded the "Julián de Casal" to Heberto <mask>'s collection of critical poems, Fuera del juego in 1968, which would allow it to be published and distributed to the public.

masks: Padilla Padilla Padilla Padilla Padilla


title: Padilla affair

texts:
 Before Fuera del juego was published, the UNEAC had heavily criticized the decision, and underwent a series of discussions about the counterrevolutionary nature of the book. The series of poems contained blatant revolutionary skepticism, especially in the poem titled Fuera del juego, where he outlines the difference between a good revolutionary and a bad revolutionary. Although the poem, as well as the book, presents a critical stance on the Revolution, it does so to prevent the Revolution from "supra-bureacracy or militarization".The decision, however, was upheld, and Fuera del juego was published with a political disclaimer, but the criticisms of <mask>'s work did not halt here. A series of articles were posted in Verde Olivo, the magazine of the armed forces, under the name Leopaldo Avila, prompting a stricter outline of the government's cultural policy. The conditional tolerance of Cuban literature required more than just a basic support for the Revolution. Thus a declaration of principles was created and approved at the Congress of Writers and Artists in 1968 that further defined the role of the writer in Cuba, stating that the writer has to not only support the Revolution, but contribute to it through utilizing literature as a "weapon against weakness and problems which, directly or indirectly, could hinder this advance." Affair

Imprisonment
With the strengthening of the overall cultural policy of the Cuban government in an attempt to avoid the weakening of the Revolutionary ideology, vigilance towards Cuban writers had increased, punishing them for even slightly deviating from Castro's communist praxis. Thus on March 20, 1971, Heberto <mask> was

masks: Padilla Padilla


title: Padilla affair

texts:
 arrested and jailed for his work, Fuera del juego. To illustrate the trivial nature of revolutionary vigilance, one of the charges brought against Fuera del juego was Padilla's conception of history, where he described time as a circle.This was seen as counterrevolutionary. In UNEAC's official point of view, they stated, "He has expressed his anti-historical attitude by means of exalting individualism in opposition to collective demands of a country in the midst of historical development and by also stating his idea of time as a reoccurring a repeating circle instead of an ascending line." Controversy
<mask> was released thirty-seven days after being imprisoned, but not before delivering a statement of self-criticism to a UNEAC meeting. In this statement he had confessed to the charges brought against him, describing himself to be what his adversaries accused him of being: a counterrevolutionary, subtle, insidious, and malignant. He had also accused other writers, including his own wife, and urged them to follow his lead of conforming to the Revolutionary society. After <mask>'s statement of self-criticism, a number of prominent Latin American, North American, and European intellectuals, including Mario Vargas Llosa, Julio Cortázar, Susan Sontag, and Jean-Paul Sartre, spoke out against Padilla's incarceration, and the resulting controversy came to be known as "the Padilla affair." The affair stirred a schism among political critics across the world, bringing many who had previously supported the Fidel Castro government to reconsider their position.Though Padilla was released from prison, he was still not allowed to leave the country until 1980. Aftermath
He


title: Padilla affair

texts:
 lived in New York, Washington, D.C. and Madrid, before finally settling in Princeton, NJ. Padilla was a Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Farrar Straus & Giroux published several editions of his poetry, a novel, En mi jardín pastan los héroes (translated as Heroes Are Grazing in My Garden), and a book of memoirs, La mala memoria (translated as Self-Portrait of the Other). He was the Elena Amos Distinguished Scholar in Latin American Studies at Columbus State University, Columbus GA, 1999–2000. He died on 25 September 2000 while teaching at Auburn University in Alabama. Works

Poetry
 Las rosas audaces, 1949
 El justo tiempo humano, 1962
 La hora, Cuadernos de Poesía 10 (Sets of Poems 10), La Tertulia, La Habana, 1964
 Fuera del juego, 1968
 Provocaciones, 1973
 Poesía y política - Poetry and Politics, bilingual anthology, Playor, Madrid, Georgetown University Cuban series, 1974
 El hombre junto al mar, Seix Barral, Barcelona, 1981
 Un puente, una casa de piedra, 1998
 Puerta de Golpe, anthology created by Belkis Cuza Malé, Linden Lane Press, 2013
 Una época para hablar, anthology that contains all of <mask>'s poetry, Luminarias / Letras Cubanas, 2013

Narratives
 El buscavidas, novel, 1963
 En mi jardín pastan los héroes, novel, Editorial Argos Vergara, Barcelona, 1981
 La mala memoria, memoir, Plaza & Janés, Barcelona, 1989 (Eng.translation: Self-portrait of the other 1989)
 Prohibido el gato, political novel written in 1989

References

1932 births
2000 deaths
20th-century Cuban poets
Cuban male poets
Cuban emigrants to the United States
Auburn University faculty
Prisoners and detainees of Cuba
Cuban dissidents
20th-century male


title: Stefan Ramniceanu

texts:
<mask> (born Ștefan Râmniceanu, 15 August 1954) is a Romanian painter and visual artist. According to the philosopher and critic Andrei Pleșu, Ramniceanu is "one of those artists who know how to seduce, surprise and irritate; in other words, he has the gift to be unpredictable." From Communist Romania to the "Free World"
Ștefan Râmniceanu was born in Ploiești in 1954. He graduated in 1979 from the Nicolae Grigorescu Faculty of Fine Arts at the University of Bucharest. In 1985 when he began showing his art work in two galleries of Bucharest: Atelier 35 and Galeria Orizont. Art critic and historian Radu Bogdan and writer and philosopher Nicolae Steinhardt both praised his work for re-envisioning light in painting, making it a "light from the inside", i.e., a light coming from the artistic shape itself that makes it lighter and raises it to a higher spirituality. The excitement that accompanied the artist's revelation to the public was reflected in a landmark essay entitled "<mask>niceanu, artistic path", in which art critic and historian Răzvan Theodorescu expressed how Ramniceanu's oeuvre had been a revelation to him, inspiring him "the feeling of a new future for contemporary art" in Romania.A couple of years later, in 1988, as his work was beginning to be exhibited abroad – notably in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Austria, where he represented Romania at the Expoziția de Artă Plastică Româneasca – Ramniceanu held his solo exhibition "Ferecătura" in the Curtea Veche palace, the most ancient palace in Bucharest and a voivodal residence from the 14th century. Theodorescu, who was to become Minister of Culture and Religious Affairs some years later, served as a curator for that exhibition which was to become a landmark event in the capital's cultural life. Designed as a tribute to celebrate three

masks:
Stefan Ramniceanu
Stefan Ram


title: Stefan Ramniceanu

texts:
 centuries from the coming to power of Romania's leading historical figure Constantin Brâncoveanu as Prince of Wallachia, the exhibition re-envisioned the imagery of Orthodox church through contemporary, abstracted "icons", turning art as a form of coded dissent against the oppression of the Ceausescu regime of that time. Ferecătura attracted Ramniceanu much attention, and the Romanian television devoted to him a 45-minute reportage entitled "The sense of grandeur, the cult of the effort and the joy of the offensive in <mask>u's art work" named after the striking expression used by Andrei Pleșu (Romanian Minister of Culture from 1989 to 1991 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1997 to 1999) in his essay entitled "The Crusade of <mask>eanu". The confrontation with the international art trials
Following this exhibition, Ramniceanu's art work gained the interest of the "free world" diplomatic circles, which opened him doors to exhibitions outside the communist world. This is how his solo exhibition Ferecătura was itinerated in Athens on the initiative of the Greek Ministry of Culture in Greece one year later, in 1989. The exhibition, held at the Rizarios Theological Institute under the name "Report to Byzantium", made Ramniceanu one of the very few Romanian artists to access the Western world during Nicolae Ceaușescu's Romania.This initiative received  widespread coverage from the Greek media and the City of Athens received as a tribute Ramniceanu's "Byzantine Bell" - one of the most emblematic sculptures of the exhibition - that is now exhibited on Vassilissis Sofias Avenue as part of the city public art collection. Shortly after having taken part in the Romanian Revolution in December 1989, Ramniceanu was invited by the French government and eventually established his studio in Paris in 1991.

masks:
Stefan Ramnicean
Stefan Ramnic


title: Stefan Ramniceanu

texts:
 by Soulages or Kline, and by Pollock's vibratory expansion." Ramniceanu's art cannot be simply categorized in any particular style, nor does it subscribe to a single artistic tradition. However, Ramniceanu derives inspiration from a variety of sources, including the detail and refinement of Romanian embroideries, and the imagery of Orthodox artworks. The language of material plays an essential role in the work of <mask>u, most of whose pictures have a three-dimensional structure.For the past forty years, his work has been developing in a process of accumulation, mingling and reworking of themes, motifs and symbols which recur and overlap repeatedly in diverse media. Highly symbolic connections emerge from metal, concrete, wire and other heterogeneous materials. Numerous pastose layers of muted colors lend the surface of his paintings a relief-like structure and thus an almost sculptural plasticity. The artist has borrowed indeed vocabulary from the specifics of painting crossing the disciplines of photography, sculpture, where he now focuses his efforts. When provocation has been erected as a system in contemporary art, Ramniceanu's artistic position is to constantly question and expand the classical notion of sensibility. The artist defines this search as an accompaniment towards the figure of the "universal human", a new abstracted understanding of the figure. In 2014 a large-scale retrospective of his oeuvre is to be held at the Cultural Center of the Mogoșoaia Palace in Bucharest.References

External links
  Official Website
  Videos & Interviews
  Ramniceanu portrayed in "Arta - revista de arte vizuale"
 Profil on Tudor Art

1954 births
Modern painters
Artists from Paris
Romanian expatriates in France
Romanian painters
Living people
Bucharest National University of Arts alumni
People from


title: Robert G. Jahn

texts:
<mask> (April 1, 1930 – November 15, 2017) was an American plasma physicist, Professor of Aerospace Science, and Dean of Engineering at Princeton University. <mask> was also a founder of the Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Lab (PEAR), a parapsychology research program which ran from 1979 to 2007. <mask> held a B.S.E. degree in Engineering Physics (1951), a M.A. Degree in Physics (1953), and a Ph.D. degree in Physics (1955), all from Princeton University, and held faculty positions in Physics Department at Lehigh University, at the California Institute of Technology, and, since 1962, at Princeton. During his career, <mask> worked on electrically powered spacecraft propulsion and directed several major research programs in advanced aerospace propulsion systems, in cooperation with NASA and the U.S. Air Force. In 1961, he founded the Electric Propulsion and Plasma Dynamics Laboratory at Princeton and directed it for more than three decades.He served as Dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Science at Princeton from 1971 - 1986. <mask> was a fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and was Chairman of its Electric Propulsion Technical Committee. He was a member of the NASA Space Science and Technology Advisory Committee and a member of the Board of Directors of Hercules Inc. from 1985 to 2001, where he served as Chairman of its Technology Committee. He also served on the Emergency Committee, the Nominating Committee, and the Social Responsibility Committee. He resigned from the Hercules Inc. board in 2001 at the age of 70. <mask> was the Chairman of the Elwing company which manufactures propulsion systems for satellites until his passing. Parapsychology Studies
<mask> also engaged in the

masks:
Robert George Jahn
Jahn
Career Jahn
Jahn
Jahn
Jahn
Jahn


title: Robert G. Jahn

texts:
 study of psychokinesis ("PK") for many years.With Brenda Dunne, he established the Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Lab (PEAR) in 1979 following an undergraduate project to study purported low-level psychokinetic effects on electronic random event generators. Over the years, <mask> and Dunne claim to have created a wealth of small-physical-scale, statistically significant results that they claim suggested direct causal relationships between subjects' intention and otherwise random results. Experiments under <mask>'s purview also explored remote viewing and other topics in parapsychology. In 1982, at the invitation of the editors of Proceedings of the IEEE, <mask> published a comprehensive review of psychic phenomena from an engineering perspective. A subsequent critique of this review by psychologist Ray Hyman, which was also invited by the journal's editors, discussed <mask>'s work in the context of a long history of flawed psychic research. Psychologist James Alcock carried out an extensive review of <mask>'s research and found there to be "serious methodological problems". Statistical flaws in <mask>'s work have been proposed by physicist Stanley Jeffers.<mask> closed the PEAR lab in 2007. Honors and awards
<mask> was the vice President of the Society for Scientific Exploration until his passing. <mask> received an Honorary Doctor of Science degree from Andhra University. <mask> received the Stuhlinger Medal for "Outstanding Achievement in Electric Propulsion". In 2012 he received their AIAA Wyld Propulsion Award for outstanding achievement in the development or application of rocket propulsion systems. He wrote the book Margins of Reality: The Role of Consciousness in the Physical World (with B. J. Dunne) and

masks: Jahn Jahn Jahn Jahn Jahn Jahn Jahn Jahn Jahn Jahn


title: Robert G. Jahn

texts:
 Physics of Electric Propulsion, as well as publications in various technical fields. Many of <mask>'s papers on parapsychology appeared in the Journal of Scientific Exploration and similar publications that focus primarily upon fringe science.His final honor was the 2017 IAC Scientific Award for Contribution to Consciousness Science - Lifetime Achievement, awarded at the 2017 International Congress on Consciousness in Miami. Reception

In 1984, the United States National Academy of Sciences, at the request of the US Army Research Institute, formed a scientific panel to assess the best evidence from 130 years of parapsychology. Part of its purpose was to investigate military applications of PK, for example to remotely jam or disrupt enemy weaponry. The panel heard from a variety of military staff who believed in PK and made visits to the PEAR laboratory and two other laboratories that had claimed positive results from micro-PK experiments. The panel criticized macro-PK experiments for being open to deception by conjurors, and said that virtually all micro-PK experiments "depart from good scientific practice in a variety of ways". Their conclusion, published in a 1987 report, was that there was no scientific evidence for the existence of psychokinesis. Science writer Kendrick Frazier wrote that <mask>'s experiments were faulted because of failing to randomize the sequence of group trials at each session, inadequate documentation on precautions against data tampering and possibilities of data selection.C. E. M. Hansel, who evaluated <mask>'s early psychokinesis experiments at the PEAR laboratory, wrote that a satisfactory control series had not been employed, the experiments had not been independently replicated, and that the

masks: Jahn Jahn Jahn


title: Robert G. Jahn

texts: reports of the experiments were lacking in detail. Hansel noted that "very little information is provided about the design of the experiment, the subjects, or the procedure adopted. Details are not given about the subjects, the times they were tested, or the precise conditions under which they were tested." The psychokinesis experiments conducted by <mask> involving "random machines" produced "a very small effect," not large enough to be observed over a brief experiment but, over a large number of trials, able to produce a tiny statistical deviation from chance. The physicist <mask>. Park concludes that it is doubtful that any of the machines used were in fact random since there are no truly random machines; therefore it is possible that the lack of randomness only began to show up after many trials. Park questioned that if the human mind really could influence matter, then it would be easy for parapsychologists to measure such a phenomenon by using this alleged psychokinetic power to deflect a microbalance, which would not require any dubious statistics; "the reason (they don't), of course, is that the microbalance stubbornly refuses to budge." Park has suggested that the reason statistical studies such as <mask>'s are so popular in parapsychology is because they introduce opportunities for uncertainty and error which are used to support the biases of the experimenter.Park wrote "no proof of psychic phenomena is ever found. In spite of all the tests devised by parapsychologists like <mask> and Radin, and huge amounts of data collected over a period of many years, the results are no more convincing today than when they began their experiments." According to Massimo Pigliucci, the results from PEAR can be explained without

masks:
Jahn
Robert L
Jahn
Jahn


title: Robert G. Jahn

texts:
 invoking the paranormal because of two problems with the experiments: "the difficulty of designing machines capable of generating truly random events, and the fact that statistical "significance" is not at all a good measure of the importance or genuineness of a phenomenon." Pigluicci writes that the statistical analysis used by <mask> and the group at PEAR relied on a quantity called a "p-value," but the problem with p-values is that if the sample size (number of trials) is as large as the one obtained by PEAR, then one is guaranteed to find artificially low p-values, seemingly indicating a statistical "significant" result while nothing other than small biases in the experimental apparatus occurred. Two German independent scientific groups have failed to replicate the PEAR results. Pigliucci has written this was "yet another indication that the simplest hypothesis is likely to be true: there was nothing to replicate." The physicist Milton Rothman wrote that most of the faculty at Princeton considered the work of PEAR an embarrassment.<mask>. Park said of PEAR, "It’s been an embarrassment to science, and I think an embarrassment for Princeton". Publications
The Role of Consciousness in the Physical World (1981)
“Electric Propulsion” In Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, 3rd Edition. R.A. Myers, ed. San Diego:  Academic Press, Vol. 5, pp. 125–141. (2002)
Consciousness and the Source of Reality: The PEAR Odyssey (2011)
Physics of Electric Propulsion (2012)
Quirks of the Quantum Mind (2012)

See also

 Global Consciousness Project
 Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Lab

References

External links
Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research page on Jahn

1930 births
2017 deaths
American

masks:
Jahn
Robert L


title: Kiki Ebsen

texts:
<mask> (born January 14, 1958) is a singer/songwriter/keyboard player from Southern California. She has performed and toured nationally and internationally with many award-winning musicians, including Boz Scaggs, Al Jarreau, Christopher Cross, and Tracy Chapman. From 1987 to 2021, she released one single and eight full length solo CDs, issuing her sixth CD, Scarecrow Sessions (Painted Pony Media) on September 30, 2014. The result of a successful Kickstarter project, the Scarecrow Sessions album is a collection of jazz standards, a tribute to her father, <mask>'s, life and career. Today, Ebsen divides her time among writing, recording and performing music, and works with rescued horses, developing educational programs with her California nonprofit organization, The Healing Equine Ranch. Family and early life

<mask> was born <mask> at Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California. Her father is the late actor Buddy Ebsen and her mother is the late Nancy Wolcott, also an actor and executive producer/director of the Newport Harbor Actors Theater.Kiki has three sisters, two half sisters, and one brother. She spent the first three years of her life on Hutton Drive in Beverly Hills, California. Then the family moved to Balboa Isle, where she enjoyed the waterfront and learned to sail from her dad. She moved at age 11 to a secluded ranch in the Malibu mountains. There, her love of horses led to several successful years as a champion equestrian. Ultimately, the arts beckoned, and at 18, she left her horses to pursue a career in music.

masks:
Kiki Ebsen
Buddy Ebsen
Kiki Ebsen
Nancy Kiersten Ebsen


title: Kiki Ebsen

texts:
 Career

Kiki started playing piano as a child, following in the footsteps of her mother, aunt, and grandmother.Picking up melodies effortlessly by ear, she began composing her own songs at an early age. She pursued her love of music balanced by her love of animals and nature while growing up in the coastal town of Balboa Island, California and on a ranch in the Santa Monica Mountains. While <mask> was in high school, <mask> developed a family troupe, during a hiatus from filming the CBS television show, Barnaby Jones, that went on a tour of southern California. <mask> sang and played keyboard, brother Dustin played drums, and sister Bonnie sang and danced with Buddy, while older sister Susannah was the company manager, and another sister, Cathy, helped with transportation when her schedule showing horses permitted. The Ebsen troupe traveled to dates in Merced, Visalia, Placerville, Sacramento, San Jose, and El Camino College in Torrance. An equal amount of time was spent studying acting with her mother, performing and singing in several productions before graduating from high school. Ebsen then focused on music primarily as her career interests narrowed, and honed her skills in countless California garage bands.Ebsen went on to earn a degree in classical voice from California Institute of the Arts. Just out of college, <mask> won Collegiate Entertainer of the Year and from there embarked on a touring career with the multiplatinum recording and touring band, Chicago, as a keyboardist and MIDI tech. Two tours and one record later, Ebsen

masks:
Kiki
Buddy Ebsen
Kiki
Kiki


title: Kiki Ebsen

texts:
 left to join Al Jarreau's touring band. While featured early in her career on the recordings of several of the musicians with whom she toured, ultimately <mask> signed a contract with the Sin-Drome label, on which she would release her first solo CD. Ebsen's inaugural CD, Red, was produced by hit smooth jazz producer Paul Brown and features inspired performances from Boney James, Buzz Feiten, and Paul Jackson, Jr. It was dubbed "the kind of debut most artists can only dream of creating" by the Mac Report. Her sophomore effort, Love Loud, made it into Muse's "Muse Top 10" of 2002.She later reunited with Paul Brown to create Kiki, which was added to Steve Quirk's Fusion Flavors Best of 2005 list. Says Quirk, "Kiki is a sleeping giant in contemporary music, who deserves to be heard." She released her first cover CD in 2009, Cool Songs Vol. 1, featuring classic pop tunes such as "Time After Time," "It's Too Late," and "Diary." Kiki's music appears on several compilations worldwide. Today she divides her time between writing, recording, touring solo (and with select artists) and nonprofit work with T.H.E. Ranch, an equine rescue and educational organization that she founded.Television appearances

Her earliest television appearances with the Al Jarreau Band were on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson and The Arsenio Hall Show before embarking on a world tour. The band featured future stars including N'Dea Davenport (Brand New Heavies), Rickey Minor (American Idol, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno), and Felicia Collins (Late Show with


title: Kiki Ebsen

texts:
 official web site. Solo discography

Albums

Scarecrow Sessions

With the advent of Scarecrow Sessions, <mask> <mask> has established herself as a solo performer and viable jazz singer, solo, with a trio, or in front of an orchestra. The album, which includes historical photos and stories behind the songs, was completed in time for Father's Day 2014; Kickstarter contributors received their copies in advance of the official release.Scarecrow Sessions features well-known jazz musicians including John Patitucci on bass and Chuck Loeb on guitar, Henry Hey on piano, and Clint De Ganon on drums. David Mann produced the album, wrote the arrangements, and played saxophone. Her CD has received substantive critical acclaim. The impetus behind the album is taking the advice her father Buddy had given her many years before his death. One track, "Missing You", has special meaning for Kiki. As noted by music reviewer Jean-Keith Fagon, <mask> "unearthed the yearning torch song “Missing You” when sifting through a box of her father's old scripts and songbooks after his passing. She began performing the arresting piano and voice confessional coauthored by her father during her own concerts."Reviewer George W. Harris of Jazz Weekly noted of Scarecrow Sessions, "Her voice is somewhere between Astrud Gilberto sotto voce and Broadway, able to coo softly on a creatively intimate samba with Loeb on “Comes Love” or hit the climaxes just right on a luminous “Over the Rainbow.” Music reviewer Preston Frazier included Scarecrow Sessions as no. 5 on his top-10

masks: Kiki Ebsen Kiki


title: Kiki Ebsen

texts:
 "Best of Jazz and Fusion Jazz listing. Said Frazier, "The Scarecrow Sessions give <mask> Ebsen a chance to showcase her excellent arranging chops. Who would have guessed that the song “If I Only Had A Brain” could sound so substantial? Part of the album's success also lies in Ebsen's classically trained and soulful voice." Touring

Today, <mask> performs all over the United States, and internationally, as solo artist, duo, quartet, and in front of major orchestras. Over the past 20 years, Ebsen has been invited to join the touring bands of an impressive list of Grammy Award winners, including Christopher Cross, Tracy Chapman, Bill Champlin, Peter Cetera,  Michael McDonald, James Ingram, Dave Koz, Boz Scaggs, and Wilson Phillips.Additionally, Ebsen joined the tours of more Grammy and Oscar nominees, including Stephen Bishop, and Belinda Carlisle. Ebsen's prolific keyboard and vocal work also found her on tours crossing jazz, R&B, rock, and singer-songwriter genres with chart-topping artists Patti Austin, Bobby Caldwell, Colin Hay, Susannah Hoffs, Barry Mann/Cynthia Weil Show, Jeffrey Osborne, Michael Paulo, Al Stewart, and Deniece Williams. Live solo performances
Ebsen has opened for Christopher Cross, Peter Cetera, Emmylou Harris, and Al Stewart. Notable solo performances include the NAMM Show, FAR-West Official Showcase, Folk Alliance International Featured Showcase Artist, The Maui Music Festival, Java Jazz Festival, Waikaloa Music and Wine Festival, Tin Pan South, Pacific Rim Jazz Festival, KSBR 25th Birthday Bash, The KIFM

masks: Kiki Kiki


title: Kiki Ebsen

texts:
 Anniversary Party and the Temecula Music and Wine Festival. Ebsen made her touring debut in Scotland during August, 2014. Nonprofit and charitable involvement

From childhood days, Kiki would sing, one sister, Bonnie, would dance, and her brother, Dustin, would play drums and join their father, Buddy, in presenting entertainment to those in California residential communities and churches, who might be missing visitors and loved ones and appreciate company. Kiki has extended her long history of entertaining and participating in charitable fundraisers for worthy causes.In 2002, <mask>  renewed her love of horses by rescuing a foal from a feed lot where it was to be slaughtered for meat. She went to rescue 10 more horses from economic distress. During that time, she formed The Healing Equine Ranch. a 501c3. Using a herd of rescued horses, she teaches the language of horses and how to connect and build relationships from the ground up. Her mission statement is "to empower, enlighten and educate humans through natural interaction with horses." For the past five years, Ebsen has hosted many fund-raising concerts to support her passion.Often, a portion of the proceeds of several of her solo albums has been directed to support the work of T.H.E. Ranch, and others among her talented musician friends have similarly participated in donating their time and talents to ranch concerts to help raise funds for these rescue and educational projects. On December 14, 2014, <mask> was among the many accomplished musicians who volunteered to join together


title: Kiki Ebsen

texts:
 at the famed Canyon Club and contribute their time, talents, and auction items to the "Mighty Met Acoustic Flashback Benefit in behalf beloved 1970s KMET DJ, Pat Kelley, in his battle with multiple sclerosis. Trivia

Kiki was an extra in the film Back To The Future, playing a musician in the band audition scene with Huey Lewis. <mask>'s voice is featured in the 1993 soundtrack for the film, Bodies, Rest and Motion'', starring Bridget Fonda and Eric Stoltz. References

External links

 The Healing Equine Ranch (501 (c) 3 Foundation)

Living people
1958 births
People from Santa Monica, California
American women singers
Songwriters from California
21st-century American keyboardists
21st-century American women
American people of Baltic German descent
American people of Danish


title: Harold Albrecht

texts:
<mask> (born October 15, 1949 in Kitchener, Ontario) was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Conservative Party of Canada in the riding of Kitchener—Conestoga from 2006 until 2019. He defeated the incumbent Liberal MP, Lynn Myers, by just over 1,000 votes in the 2006 federal election to gain a seat in the House of Commons of Canada. Early years
<mask> grew up in the riding in which he was elected and was educated in the Waterloo Region at Waterloo-Oxford District Secondary School, and then at Waterloo Lutheran University (which is now Wilfrid Laurier University). <mask> went on to complete his Doctorate of Dental Surgery at the University of Toronto. Personal life
<mask> owns a hobby farm in between Petersburg and New Dundee, and he and his wife Betty were married for 40 years. They have three children and nine grandchildren. On the night of May 2, 2011, Betty suffered a brain hemorrhage while they were preparing for his election victory party, and died two days later in hospital.In July 2013, <mask> married Darlene McLean. Before politics
<mask> owned a private dental practice in the Kitchener region for twenty-seven years. During his dentistry career, <mask> also lent his professional skills on many short-term Christian mission trips with the Christian Medical-Dental Society in Honduras and Dominican Republic, as well as trips to Venezuela, Colombia, Zambia, Nepal, and India. <mask> served as a school board trustee on the Waterloo County Board of Education from 1978 to 1982, and was the Chair of the Board from 1981 to 1982. In 1999, <mask> left his dentistry practice to found and pastor Pathway Community Church in the Doon area of Kitchener. The church started meeting in November of that year, with a small congregation of around 70 people. It also became the third Brethren in Christ church in the Kitchener-Waterloo area.<mask> pastored the church

masks:
Harold Glenn Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht


title: Harold Albrecht

texts:
 until 2005, when he announced a leave of absence to seek the Conservative Party nomination in his riding. When he won the nomination, he permanently resigned his leadership position from the Church. Federal politics
<mask> was the Member of Parliament for the riding of Kitchener-Conestoga in Canada's House of Commons. He held this seat from 2006 to 2019. <mask> favours reforming Canada's Youth Criminal Justice Act. In particular, he would like to see stiffer sentences for young offenders who commit violent crimes. His interest was sparked by the Justice for Dustin Campaign – an endeavour by the family of a murdered Kitchener teen to see stricter sentences for violent young offenders.2006 election
In 2006, <mask> ran as the Conservative candidate in the riding of Kitchener-Conestoga. <mask> won the election with 20,615 votes – 41.22% of the votes. He defeated Liberal incumbent, Lynn Myers, as well as NDP candidate, Len Carter and Green Party candidate Kristine Stapleton. Committee work
In the 39th Parliament, <mask> was a member of the Standing Committee on Government Operations and Estimates, the Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development, and the Legislative Committee on Bill C-2. 2008 election
In 2008, <mask> was re-elected as the Member of Parliament for the riding of Kitchener-Conestoga. <mask> won with 23,525 votes – 49.32% of the votes, defeating Liberal candidate Orlando Da Silva, NDP candidate Rod Mcneil and Green Party candidate Jamie Kropf. Committee work
In the 40th Parliament, <mask> was a member of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs, the Subcommittee on Agenda and Procedure of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs, the Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development, the Standing Joint Committee on Scrutiny of Regulations and the Standing Committee on Access to

masks: Albrecht Albrecht Albrecht Albrecht Albrecht Albrecht Albrecht Albrecht


title: Harold Albrecht

texts:
 Information, Privacy and Ethics.<mask> was also member and chair of the Subcommittee on Private Members' Business of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs. Additional roles
On November 21, 2008, Prime Minister Stephen Harper named <mask> Deputy Government Whip. 2011 election

On May 2, 2011, <mask> was re-elected for the third consecutive election as the Member of Parliament for the riding of Kitchener-Conestoga. <mask> received 28,902 votes – 54.12%, defeating NDP candidate Lorne Bruce, Liberal candidate Bob Rosehart and Green Party candidate Albert Ashley. On the night of <mask>'s electoral win, his wife of nearly 40 years <mask> suffered an unexpected brain hemorrhage. She was hospitalized and died two days later at the Hamilton General Hospital. Committee work
In the 41st Parliament, <mask> has served as a member of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs, the Subcommittee on Agenda and Procedure of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs, the Subcommittee on International Human Rights of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development, the Liaison Committee, and the Standing Committee on Transport, Infrastructure and Communities.<mask> has also served as a member and chair on the Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development, the Subcommittee on Agenda and Procedure of the Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development, and the Subcommittee on Private Members’ Business of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs. Additional roles
<mask> was renamed the Deputy Government Whip on May 5, 2011, and served in this capacity until January 27, 2013. Bill C-300
In the 41st Parliament, <mask> sponsored a Private Member's Bill - Bill C-300, An Act Respecting a Federal Framework for Suicide Prevention. Bill C-300 "establishes a requirement for the

masks:
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Betty Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht


title: Harold Albrecht

texts:
 Government of Canada to develop a federal framework for suicide prevention in consultation with relevant non-governmental organizations, the relevant entity in each province and territory, as well with relevant federal department." <mask>'s Bill C-300 received royal assent and came into force on December 14, 2014. Additional parliamentary work
In his capacity as a parliamentarian, <mask> was a member of the Auto Caucus, the Energy Caucus, the Rural Caucus, and the Pro-Life Caucus. <mask> is also the founder and chair of the BioCaucus, a group of MPs who work to promote the production of agricultural and renewable technologies.Additionally, <mask> is the Chair of the Canada-Armenia Parliamentary Friendship Group and the Chemical Caucus. Opposition to the Pride flag
In 2017, <mask> came out in opposition to flying the rainbow pride flag alongside the Canadian flag at Waterloo Region District School Board schools because of the improper flag-etiquette it would present "Many of these flags are being flown on the same mast as our Canadian flag. This is a troubling practice as it diminishes the dignity and the honour of our flag. Flying two flags on the same mast also goes directly against proper flag protocol." - <mask>. However, before making the decision to fly the Pride flag, the WRDSB checked with the Government of Canada's flag protocol lead at Canadian Heritage who confirmed that where there is only one mast flying both flags on it is an acceptable workaround provided the Canadian flag is on top. Electoral record

Notes

External links
Official website
<mask> - Facebook
<mask> - Twitter

1949 births
Canadian dentists
Conservative Party of Canada MPs
Living people
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
Wilfrid Laurier University alumni
People from Kitchener, Ontario
Canadian Anabaptists
20th-century Anabaptists
21st-century Canadian

masks:
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Albrecht
Harold Albrecht
Harold Albrecht
Harold Albrecht


title: A. Gary Klesch

texts:
A<mask> (born 1947) is an Anglo-American entrepreneur, who in 1990 founded the Klesch Group, a global industrial company, based in Geneva, Switzerland, which he owns and chairs. The Klesch Group of companies has interests in metals, mining, oil and gas, power generation, chemicals and other traditional "heavy" industries. Klesch specializes in principal investing in companies that are operating below their full potential. <mask> is a leading proponent of "value investing", and speaks regularly to professional audiences around the world as an expert in the field of business restructuring, recovery and growth. According to The Economist, "Europe needs people like Mr. Klesch. Its protected firms have been able to ignore basic business principles for too long. With fresh money, Mr. Klesch brings discipline and fresh ideas."Early life
<mask> was born in Cleveland, Ohio in 1947 and educated by Jesuits. He graduated from John Carroll University in 1968 with a B.A. in Political Science. Career
After finishing his studies, <mask>'s first job was at Paine Webber in Cleveland, as a margin clerk. He was tasked with sorting slips of paper in the back office and earned less than $10,000 a year. In 1969, aged 22, <mask> joined McDonald & Company, then one of the largest regional investment banking firms, based in Cleveland, Ohio, as an associate. In his interview with founder Bertram McDonald, <mask> was told that if he worked hard, he would be a Partner in fifteen to twenty years’ time.After leaving the interview, his immediate reaction was, "No way, no way I’m going to wait that long" and plunged into his job in the syndicate department. Two years later, aged 24, <mask> was made McDonald & Company's youngest-ever Partner. <mask> then came to the attention of Bill Simon, who had just been appointed Secretary of the Treasury under President Gerald Ford, and in 1975, aged 28, he was appointed Director of Capital Markets Policy. In this

masks:
. Gary Klesch
Klesch
Klesch
Klesch
Klesch
Klesch
Klesch
Klesch


title: A. Gary Klesch

texts: role he contributed to the development of a new model of financial regulation and in effect became Washington’s man in charge of Wall Street. <mask>’s responsibilities included developing the legislation that set in motion the deregulation of the securities and financial services industries in the United States and which ultimately resulted in Wall Street’s "Big Bang". During this time, he also travelled to Europe, Japan and the Middle East to talk about capital markets and deregulation. Whilst at the Treasury Department, <mask> also served as the Ford Administration's representative in negotiations leading to US Government loans and guarantees to various financially troubled entities, including Lockheed and New York City.He also served as the US Government's representative on the Board of the United States Railway Association, where he played a significant role in the negotiation and reorganization of troubled railroad companies, most notably the Penn Central Corporation, which collapsed in the early 1970s and was then the world's largest insolvency. Additionally, he was responsible for finding private finance for the space shuttle. In 1978, after two and half years in Washington, <mask> took a sabbatical and then joined the management of Smith Barney Harris Upham & International , the Wall Street securities house, in Paris. He was given the role of Director responsible for Middle East development. In 1980, he was appointed President of the brokerage firm Dean Witter Reynolds Overseas Ltd. in London, where he was responsible for all of the firms’ international activities. Under his presidency, the firm grew from 10 employees to over 200 and steadily rose up the Eurobond league tables. In 1982, <mask> won the Eurobond's best syndicate manager award.Setting up Dean Witter Overseas had given <mask> the confidence he needed, and two years after joining, <mask> decided to leave to create his own investment company. Quadrex

masks: Klesch Klesch Klesch Klesch Klesch Klesch


title: A. Gary Klesch

texts: In 1983, <mask> set up Quadrex, which started in the Euromarkets but soon moved into acquisition finance, leverage buyouts and restructurings. The firm had operations in both London and New York. The firm enjoyed success quickly, with <mask> commenting as Chairman a year later that "we are very pleased with our accomplishments during our first year of operation. We have been very fortunate to attract both clients and personnel who appreciate the importance of innovative customer service in the international capital markets and who have helped us begin to develop a reputation in fulfilling these needs." The company reported net assets of £5.3million operating with a share capital of £4million. Quadrex Holdings first subsidiary, Quadrex Securities Ltd. specialized in international financial transactions.Its first deal as lead manager was an issue for the U.S conglomerate Transamerica of "Eurotreasury" warrants. This was an attempt to create a vehicle for trading in Europe what would have been in effect options on long-term US Treasury Bonds. In spite of the issue being heavily advertised on the day, the offer was cancelled several hours later as demand proved insufficient. However, two days later, Merrill Lynch Capital Markets and Salomon Brothers Inc. unit of Philbro-Salmon duplicated the Transamerica Treasury warrant offering in almost every aspect except the price. After duplicating <mask>'s idea, Hans Georg Hofmann , executive director of Merrill Lynch International said "He (<mask>) was the first who had the guts to try it but in circumstances that made it difficult to succeed. In 1987, <mask> was recognized as the acknowledged developer of "EuroTreasury" Warrants with the Institutional Investor award for best idea. Following on from its first deal, Quadrex Securities Ltd. managed a series of other deals in 1984, including the $50 million 10 year issue for Equitable Bancorp and its first international deal, Citicorp’s

masks: Klesch Klesch Klesch Klesch Klesch


title: A. Gary Klesch

texts:
 $100 million offering of two year extendable bonds.By early 1985, <mask> had begun to look beyond Eurobond trading and started to undertake a series of acquisitions for his investment group including the first leveraged buyout of a public company in the United Kingdom, the tender offer for R P Martin PLC, one of the largest foreign exchange brokers in the world. Also in 1985, Quadrex Securities Ltd., announced the offering of the first Euro-sterling zero coupon obligations backed by United Kingdom government securities, a new financial instrument to the securities market. The securities, known as STAGS (Sterling Transferable Accruing Government Securities), were issued in the Euro-sterling sector of the Eurobond market. However, the technique which had proved successful in the United States failed to attract enough attention and was withdrawn shortly after they were launched. After this, <mask> bought Polymer Corp, a maker of plastic parts, in 1986, and BoreSteel, a steel company in 1987 in an attempt to diversify Quadrex away from finance. He also drew up a plan for a consortium bid to break up Pearson PLC, the conglomerate that owned the Financial Times, although theoretically sound the plan was leaked to the media and appeared superficial and therefore ultimately failed. By 1990 Quadrex Holdings had been wound down and was officially dissolved in 1999.It was a victim of the decline in the bond market and had also become entangled in a lawsuit with British & Commonwealth Holdings PLC over the acquisition of the money broking side of financial service group, Mercantile House. Klesch Group
In 1990, <mask> founded Klesch & Company Limited to specialize in distressed and turnaround investing. During the last decade, Klesch & Co. has been involved in a number of high-profile deals, and today is a global industrials commodities business with three divisions specializing in the production and trading of chemicals, metals and

masks: Klesch Klesch Klesch


title: A. Gary Klesch

texts:
 oil. It employs more than 4,500 people across 40 locations in over 16 different countries. Its turnover is in excess $5 billion. Corporate activity
 1993: acquisition of DAF, Dutch truck manufacturer
 1996: acquisition of TC Farries, Scottish bookseller
 1998: acquisition of Knickerbox, a British lingerie chain, and of Myrys, a French shoemaker
 2009: acquisition of Delfzijl steelworks in Netherlands and of Heide refinery in Germany (from Shell)
 July 2012: acquisition of Kem One, vinyls activities of the French Arkema Group
 February 2013: acquisition of Groupe Leali, an Italian steel producer
 January 2022: acquisition of Kalundborg Refinery and its terminal located in Hedehusene in Denmark (from Equinor)

Criticism
Unions and European local politicians fear the worst from <mask>, as shown by the example of unions at Alcoa's, Sardinian steel factory, whose employees protested against a possible takeover by Klesh & Company Limited. This is due to its reputation as a "vulture capitalist" conveyed in the press and the closing of several acquisitions made by <mask>ch for which the businessman pledged to boost the activity, as the example of Kem One company.In 2012, Klesch & Co bought the vinyl business division of Arkema for one symbolic euro, which he later renamed "Kem One S.A." <mask> claimed that the raw materials industry is subject to a bright future and said that the group Klesch & Co had the expertise to improve the efficiency of industrial processes and trade with amenities. In the transaction, Arkema took charge of its 587 million loss from the pole and offered a treasury of 100 million euros to help stimulate activity. 8 months later, the company was declared insolvent, threatening more than 1,300 jobs. French unions suspect him to have placed Arkema money in its financial holdings registered in Jersey, Malta or Bermuda. References

Living people
American businesspeople
1947 births
John Carroll University

masks:
Gary Klesch
Gary Kles
Klesch


title: Dana Wynter

texts:
<mask> (born Dagmar Winter; 8 June 19315 May 2011) was a German-born British actress, who was raised in the United Kingdom and southern Africa. She appeared in film and television for more than 40 years, beginning in the 1950s. Her best-known film performance was in Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956). A tall, dark, elegant beauty, she played both victim and villain. Her characters both in film and on television sometimes faced horrific dangers which they often did not survive, but she also played scheming, manipulative women on television mysteries and crime procedural dramas. Early life
Wynter was born in Berlin, Germany, the daughter of Dr. Peter Winter, a British surgeon of German descent, and his wife Jutta Oarda, a native of Hungary. She grew up in Britain.When she was 16, her father visited friends in Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe today), fell in love with the country, and brought his daughter and her stepmother to live with him there. <mask> (as she called herself and pronounced Donna) later enrolled at South Africa's Rhodes University in 1949. She studied medicine while also pursuing theatre, playing the blind girl in a school production of Through a Glass Darkly, a role in which she said she had been "terrible". After a year of studies, she returned to Britain and turned to acting. Career

British films
<mask> began her cinema career at age 20 in 1951, playing small roles, often uncredited, in British films. One such was Lady Godiva Rides Again (1951) in which other future leading ladies, Kay Kendall, Diana Dors, and Joan Collins played similarly small roles. She was appearing in the play Hammersmith when

masks:
Dana Wynter
Dana Wynter
Wynter


title: Dana Wynter

texts:
 Bismarck! (1960). 1960s
She then starred opposite Danny Kaye in On the Double (1961), and George C. Scott in The List of Adrian Messenger (1963). In shooting two films in Ireland, she made a second home there with her husband, Hollywood divorce lawyer Greg Bautzer. Over the following two decades, she guest-starred in dozens of television series, including the title character in several Wagon Train episodes, such as "The Barbara Lindquist Story", and in occasional roles in films such as Airport (1970).She appeared as various British women in the ABC television series Twelve O'Clock High (1964–66). In 1966–67, she co-starred with Robert Lansing (who had been the original star of Twelve O'Clock High) on The Man Who Never Was, but the series lasted only one season. She guest-starred in 1968 in The Invaders in the episode "The Captive", and in 1969, on the second version of The Donald O'Connor Show. On Get Smart, The Rockford Files, and Hart to Hart, she played beautiful, upper-class schemers and villains. Later career
She appeared in the Irish soap opera, Bracken (1978–80). In 1993, she returned to television to play Raymond Burr's wife in The Return of Ironside. Personal life

In 1956, Wynter married celebrity divorce lawyer Greg Bautzer: they divorced in 1981.Bautzer and she had one child: Mark Ragan Bautzer, born on 29 January 1960. <mask>, once referred to as Hollywood's "oasis of elegance", divided her time between her homes in California and Glendalough, County Wicklow, Ireland. An anti-apartheid advocate, she refused to open a performance center in South Africa because she discovered that black and white children


title: Dana Wynter

texts:
 would have to attend on alternate days. She also planned to make a film criticising the policy, which was to have been written by an American and filmed in Australia. In the late 1980s, Wynter authored the column "Grassroots" for The Guardian newspaper in London. Writing in both Ireland and California, her works concentrated mainly on life in both locations leading her to use the titles Irish Eyes and California Eyes for a number of her publications. In July 2008 Wynter was involved in a legal dispute over the proceeds of the sale of a €125,000 Paul Henry painting, Evening on Achill Sound.The painting, which hung in the family home in County Wicklow, was said to have been bought for her in 1996 by her son as a gift. The dispute was resolved in the High Court in 2009. <mask> died on 5 May 2011 from congestive heart failure at the Ojai Valley Community Hospital's Continuing Care Center; she was 79 years old. She had suffered from heart disease in later years, and was transferred from the hospital's intensive care unit earlier in the day. Her son Mark said she was not expected to survive, and "she stepped off the bus very peacefully." Filmography

Awards

References

External links

 "Actress <mask> dies in Ojai", Ojai Valley News

1931 births
2011 deaths
20th-century British actresses
20th Century Fox contract players
British expatriates in Ireland
British expatriates in the United States
British film actresses
British people of German descent
British people of Hungarian descent
British television actresses
Rhodes University alumni
New Star of the Year (Actress) Golden Globe winners
20th-century British

masks:
Death Wynter
Dana Wynter


title: Arthur Oakley Coltman

texts:
<mask> (A.O<mask>) (1894, Edmonton, Middlesex – 1961, Cuckfield, Sussex) was an English architect practising in Malaya for 32 years where he worked as manager of the architecture firm Booty Edwards & Partners. He arrived in Malaya in 1925 and retired in 1957. Early life
He was on active service during the First World War before working in the Transvaal, and was officially listed as an absentee member of the Transvaal Provincial Institute of Architects from about 1931 to 1938. He was responsible for many of Kuala Lumpur's greatest Art Deco structures, including the Clock Tower, OCBC Building, and Oriental Building. He also designed the Anglo-Oriental Building near Merdeka Square, which is now known as Wisma Ekran; the Lee Rubber Building, on Jalan Tun H. S. Lee; the Rubber Research Institute, on Jalan Ampang; and the Odeon Cinema, on Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman. <mask> died in Sussex, England at the age of 67 in 1961.Buildings
He worked on the buildings including:

Oriental Building

Situated at Jalan Tun Perak (the former Java Street), next to the  Masjid Jamek LRT station, the five-storey Oriental Building rose to the towering height of 82 feet and was the tallest in Kuala Lumpur. Originally called the Oriental Building, it housed Radio Malaya until 1968 and had 'Radio Malaya' in large letters on its façade. The Oriental Building also housed the High Commissioner of India, government departments dealing with the issue of trade licenses, as well as the Malaysian divisional office of the Life Insurance Corporation of India. The building has a curved frontage. Between of the arcade on the ground floor is a central feature consisting of perpendicular piers running up three storeys. Around the central feature, which projects slightly from the frontage, is an acanthus leaf border worked in precast concrete. A white stucco frieze of interlocking discs frames the panel.There is 18,000 feet of floor space in the building arranged around an air-well.

masks:
Arthur Oakley Coltman
. Coltman
Coltman


title: Arthur Oakley Coltman

texts:
 has a strong geometric shape that meets a corner set at a 45° angle. Like most urban Art Deco buildings, the Lee Rubber Building has a flat roof with no cornice or overhang. Its pediment still sports the original name, in English and Chinese. During World War II, it served as the headquarters of the Kempeitai (Japanese Secret Police). Later, the building became one of the branches of the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation. Currently, it is the home to a branch of the Popular Bookstore, the Peter Hoe shop (selling local arts and crafts) and Kasturi Tuition Centre.Like most urban Art Deco buildings, the Lee Rubber Building has a flat roof with no cornice or overhang. In 2016, the building changed hands and as a result the building was earmarked for development by its new owners. The building was vacated, but Kuala Lumpur City Hall by-laws forbid the demolition or significant structural alteration. Odeon Cinema

The thematic link between the Art Deco style and the new entertainment industry was also evident in the design of the Odeon Cinema (Chinese: 奥迪安戏院) on the corner of Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman and Jalan Dang Wangi (the former Batu Road and Campbell Road) in Kuala Lumpur. The Odeon Cinema was constructed in 1936 by the Cathay Organization. The standalone Odeon Cinema is one of the last few surviving colonial buildings in Kuala Lumpur. It has undergone various changes.It was acquired by Antenna Entertainments and operated as a cinema again between May 2011 and March 2015. <mask> was the architect and Steen Sehested prepared the reinforced concrete design. Initially the façade was coloured grey, green and white however it has faded. It was a product of golden age cinema with featured safety designs such as emergency lighting and fire prevention systems for the projector room. Ventilation grills and exhaust fans enhanced its air circulation. The foyers were laid with locally produced rubber flooring. Art Deco elements include the lettering