title: David Reutimann

texts:
 it with <mask> in the lead. <mask> spent a 1-hour wait praying and planning backup plans with boss Michael Waltrip and his pit crew. Despite blue skies being shown nearby the track, officials declared that the rain would last for the remainder of the night and called the race, thus giving <mask> his first Cup series win in the Coca-Cola 600 and Waltrip giving him a full-time sponsorship until 2011. With this emotional victory, <mask> became the 20th driver to win a race in all three of NASCAR's top series (Cup, Nationwide, and Truck). This race was also the 50th Coca-Cola 600 at Lowes Motor Speedway.He also became the first driver in Cup history to win a race without leading a lap under green. In addition, he was the first driver to ever win with the No. 00 in the NASCAR Cup Series  This also entered <mask> automatically into the 2010 NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race. A week after his victory, <mask> would win his second pole of the season at Dover, finishing the race in 18th on the lead lap. The next week at Pocono, <mask> would end up finishing 3rd, and would get another top 5 at Loudon a couple races after. <mask> would end up getting five more top 10's at Indianapolis, Michigan, Atlanta, Kansas, and Phoenix. <mask> would go on to finish the season 16th in the point standings, a personal best.2010

<mask> returned to the No. 00 car during the 2010 season. He would start the season with a personal best finish in the Daytona 500, finishing 5th. <mask> won his second career race at the 2010 LifeLock.com 400 at Chicagoland Speedway in the No. 00 TUMS MWR Toyota. <mask> ran in the top-five all night and with under seventy laps remaining, chased down Jeff Gordon and passed him for the lead. He would pull away and lead the rest of the race, holding off a late charge by Carl Edwards.2011

2011 was a disappointing year for both Reutimann and MWR. Reutimann and the No. 00 team only scored one top five finish and two top ten finishes. At Watkins Glen on the final lap,

masks: Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann


title: David Reutimann

type: original

texts:
 Boris Said accidentally turned <mask> entering the esses. Ragan came back onto the track and hit Reutimann, hit the ARMCO outside barrier and he rolled over spectacularly after the hard hit. He was mostly unscathed and Ragan dislocated his ankle as a result. With three weeks remaining in the 2011 season, Reutimann could not come to an agreement with Aaron's for 2012 and thus Michael Waltrip and MWR's staff reluctantly released Reutimann from his team as well as the number 00.After Christmas 2011, <mask> signed up to drive for part-time with Stewart-Haas Racing and Tommy Baldwin Racing in 2012 sharing the No. 10 Go Daddy car with rookie Danica Patrick. 2012

On January 3, 2012, <mask> signed a one-year contract to drive  for Tommy Baldwin Racing. As part of an alliance with Stewart-Haas Racing that TBR agreed to on January 31, <mask> shared the SHR No. 10 entry, which was fielded by TBR, with Danica Patrick. He also drove the No. 92 RBR Enterprises vehicle in the Camping World Truck Series on a limited schedule.As Patrick drove the No. 10 in the 2012 Daytona 500, <mask> drove the No. 93 Toyota Camry for BK Racing in the event with Todd Anderson serving as crew chief. <mask> also drove the BK Racing No. 93 at Darlington. <mask> caused a controversy at the April Martinsville race when the No. 10 Tommy Baldwin Racing Chevrolet stalled on lap 497, drawing a caution.He was accused of intentionally causing the caution after limping around the track for a few laps at speeds well below the rest of the field. The result was a broken timing belt and <mask> was credited with a 35th-place finish. He insists he was just trying to keep the car in the Top 35 in owner's points; the team left Martinsville just one point outside a guaranteed start. <mask> qualified for the next race at Texas and finished 26th, getting the No. 10 back into the Top 35. During Coca-Cola 600 qualifying, <mask> did not qualify fast enough in the No. 73 BK Racing entry and missed his first Cup

masks:
David Ragan
Reutimann
Reutimann
Reutimann
Reutimann
Reutimann
Reutimann
Reutimann
Reutimann
David


title: David Reutimann

texts:
 race since 2007.<mask> drove the No. 51 Chevrolet for Phoenix Racing at the June Pocono race during the one-race suspension of Kurt Busch for actions detrimental to the sport. Baldwin explained his decision as helping another small team (Reutimann was to drive the No. 10 car that weekend). <mask> finished 21st. Reutimann qualified and raced for a new team Xxxtreme Motorsports at the fall Phoenix race in the No. 44 No Label Watches Ford, finishing 40th.2013

On January 18, 2013, BK Racing announced that <mask> would drive the No. 83 Toyota during the 2013 season, replacing Landon Cassill. <mask> started the season a high note, finishing 16th in the Daytona 500. However the team would struggle through the season, not recording another top-20 finish. <mask> finished 33rd in points. Following the season <mask> and the team parted ways. 2014
<mask> began the 2014 season without a ride in any of NASCAR's top three divisions, however in March it was announced that he would drive the Sprint Cup No.35 Ford for Front Row Motorsports at Bristol Motor Speedway. However, he failed to qualify for the event. <mask> made the field in three of the six Cup races he attempted. It was the last time he ran a NASCAR-sanctioned race. Post-NASCAR career
After ending his NASCAR career, <mask> became a dirt track racing driver and chassis builder, founding Beak Built Chassis to develop UMP modified cars. In 2019, he joined Lee Faulk Racing as the crew chief for late model driver Ryan Rackley. Motorsports career results

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time.Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.) Sprint Cup Series

Daytona 500

Nationwide Series

Camping World Truck Series

 Season still in progress
 Ineligible for series points

References

External links

Living people
1970 births
People from Zephyrhills, Florida
Sportspeople from the Tampa Bay Area
Racing drivers from Florida
NASCAR drivers
Michael

masks: Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann Reutimann


title: Romie Adanza

texts:
<mask> (born August 1, 1979) is an American Muay Thai kickboxer who competes in the flyweight division. Known for his good boxing skills and aggressive fighting style, he began his career as a featherweight, winning the WBC Muaythai International Featherweight Championship before dropping down to bantamweight and having even more success by taking the WBC Muaythai national title and the IKKC International Super Bantamweight belt. After one final weight class change down to flyweight, he won another WBC International crown before becoming the MTAA World Flyweight Champion. Early life
<mask> was born of Filipino descent in Houston, Texas on August 1, 1979. In his youth, he lived in China and the Philippines before settling in California. He took up boxing at twenty-one years old, before turning to Muay Thai five years later. Career
Early in his career, <mask> outpointed future American great Kevin Ross at featherweight in Las Vegas, Nevada on March 25, 2005.On September 24, 2005, he defeated Kim Morris via

masks:
Romie Kris Adanza
Adanza
Adanza


title: Romie Adanza

texts: technical knockout in the first round in Irvine, California. He won the WBC Muaythai International Featherweight (-57.153 kg/126 lb) Championship before dropping down to bantamweight. In his new-found weight division, <mask> soon won both the International Karate Kickboxing Council (IKKC) International Super Bantamweight Muay Thai title and the WBC Muaythai United States Bantamweight (-53.524 kg/118 lb) strap. He retained both of these titles against Paulo da Silva at the Las Vegas Hilton in Las Vegas on July 25, 2009. <mask> pelted da Silva with kicks to the leg throughout the fight before scoring a knockdown via low kick in the third round. <mask> finished off Silva 26 seconds into the fourth after Silva could not continue following another low kick knockdown. Fighting for his third international title, <mask> took on Kunitaka Fujiwara for the WBC Muaythai International Super Bantamweight (-55.338 kg/122 lb) belt on December 5, 2009 in Primm, Nevada.Fujiwara struck <mask> with elbows throughout the fight,

masks: Adanza Adanza Adanza Adanza Adanza


title: Romie Adanza

texts: causing cuts on his head and forcing the referee to stop the bout in round four. <mask> took a controversial split decision over Andy Howson in Santa Monica, California in April 2010. He made another defence of his IKKC title on October 2, 2010 in Pala, California. <mask> was initially scheduled to face Haigang Huang. However, Huang pulled out from the fight and was replaced by Paulo da Silva, setting up a fourth meeting between the pair. <mask> won via unanimous decision to lead their rivalry at 3-1. <mask> featured in a four-man, 122 lb tournament in Haikou, China beginning on December 18, 2010.At the semi-final stage, he was drawn against Paulo da Silva for the fifth time and defeated his rival once again by unanimous decision. On the tournament's second day, <mask> went into the final against Li Ning. After fighting for five rounds, <mask> lost a unanimous decision. On May 28, 2011, <mask> defended his IKKC International title against Thanit Watthanaya in Pala, California. After two close rounds, he was

masks: Adanza Adanza Adanza Adanza Adanza Adanza Adanza


title: Romie Adanza

texts: able to knockout Thanit with a knee strike in the third. In Manila, Philippines on June 26, 2011, he defeated Huang Hai Gong by unanimous decision to win the WBC Muaythai International Featherweight (-57.153 kg/126 lb) belt. He was set to face Damien Trainor in Primm, Nevada on August 20, 2011 but was forced to pull out of the fight due to a hip injury sustained in his bout with Huang.<mask> then beat Shuichi Wentz via unanimous decision in Pala, California on September 24, 2011. He followed this up with a fourth-round KO of Langsuanlek Sasiprapa on October 21, 2011 in Los Angeles, California to win his first world title, the Muay Thai Association of America (MTAA) World Flyweight Championship. At Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan on February 18, 2012, he beat Tomonori Sato via TKO due to a cut in the second round to win the WBC Muaythai International Super Flyweight (-52.163 kg/115 lb) Championship. He was then expected to rematch Sato in a non-title fight on May 12, 2012 in Las Vegas, but Sato was replaced by


title: Romie Adanza

texts: Thanit Watthanaya to set up another rematch. Thanit was able to take his revenge this time, winning a close split decision. Following this, <mask> signed a contract with historic kickboxing promotion K-1 and was initially slated to debut inside the organization with a second bout with Andy Howson at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2012 in Los Angeles on September 8, 2012. Howson sustained a broken foot and nose in his previous fight with Nobuchika Terado, however, and was unable to fight.Therefore, another fighter familiar to <mask> in the form of Shuichi Wentz took his place. Just twenty-three seconds into the fight, Wentz countered a right punch by <mask> with a right high kick that sent <mask> crashing to the canvas, knocking him out ultra-violently. He challenged Jomhod Eminent Air for the WBC Super Flyweight (55.338 kg/ 122 lb) world title at M-One: Reborn in Highland, California on May 16, 2013 and lost via TKO due to a cut in round one. <mask> had his rubber match with Thanit Watthanaya at WCK Muay Thai:


title: William S. Archer

texts:
<mask> (March 5, 1789March 28, 1855) was a slave owner, politician, planter and lawyer from Amelia County, Virginia who served several times in the Virginia House of Delegates, as well as in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate (1841 to 1847). Early and family life
Born at "The Lodge" (a/k/a "Red Lodge") in Amelia County, Virginia to the former Elizabeth Eggleston (d. 1826) and her husband <mask> (1746-1812), <mask> received a private education appropriate to his class and graduated from The College of William & Mary in 1806. His father (as well as his younger brother) died in 1812. Meanwhile, <mask> read law, possibly with his uncle Joseph Eggleston (1754-1811), a former Revolutionary War soldier from Middlesex County, who then moved to Amelia County, where he became a planter and politician, and the local justice of the peace. Another Revolutionary War soldier uncle who moved to Amelia County was Lt. <mask>. <mask> married and had a daughter, who did not survive him. At his death, he was survived by several sisters, and an illegitimate son.Career

Admitted to the bar in 1810, <mask> began a private legal practice in Amelia and neighboring Powhatan Counties. He also operated a plantation in Amelia County using enslaved labor. In the 1820 federal census, John R<mask> (possibly his father, although he had died in 1812) owned 51 enslaved people, and <mask><mask> owned 32 slaves. In the 1830 federal census, <mask><mask> owned 25 enslaved people, which number grew to 50 enslaved people by the 1840 federal census, and 68 enslaved people in the 1850 U.S. Federal Census. By his death, <mask> owned 88 enslaved individuals, and land both in Amelia County and in Mississippi. Four times <mask> won election to represent Amelia County (part time) as one of its two delegates in the Virginia House of Delegates between 1812 and 1819, although he also once failed to win re-election during that period. One historian reading his speeches considered his political stance undemocratic and noted that, despite his campaigns,

masks:
William Segar Archer
John Archer
William Segar Archer
Archer
Richard Tanner Archer
William Segar Archer
Archer
. Archer
William S
. Archer
William S
. Archer
Archer
Archer


title: William S. Archer

texts: Amelia County voters refused to elect him as one of their representatives to the Virginia constitutional conventions in 1829, nor in 1850.<mask> won election to the United States House of Representatives to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James Pleasants (whom the Virginia General Assembly had elected to the U.S. Senate). He had a conservative, states' rights bent and soon introduced a resolution denying that Congress had the constitutional authority to authorize the Bank of the United States. <mask> won reelection in 1820, 1824, 1826, 1828, 1830 and 1832, thus served from 1820 to 1835. In Congress, <mask> rose to chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs from 1829 to 1835, before being defeated for reelection in 1834 by Democrat John Winston Jones. In 1824 <mask> supported the unsuccessful Presidential candidacy of Virginia-born Democratic Republican <mask>. Crawford. In the next Presidential election, <mask> supported Andrew Jackson, but broke with the Jacksonian Democrats after Jackson high-handedly removed government deposits from the Bank of the United States. <mask> then joined the Whig Party, although he did not agree with its leader Henry Clay's support of internal improvement.Whigs gained power in the Virginia General Assembly by 1840, and on the second ballot <mask> was elected to the United States Senate over the incumbent, <mask>. Roane. <mask> served one full term, from 1841 to 1847. There, he became chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations from 1841 to 1845 and of the Committee on Naval Affairs from 1841 to 1843. Issues of territorial expansion and slavery became important during his tenure. <mask> supported President Polk's effort to end British claims to the Oregon Territory, but not the annexation of Texas (fearing it would lead to war with Mexico, as happened). <mask> also became a key member of the committee who drafted the Missouri Compromise. However, he did not have enough support in the Virginia General Assembly to win reelection.Legislators elected Robert M. T. Hunter in 1846, over both <mask>

masks:
Archer
Archer
Archer
Archer
William H
Archer
Archer
Archer
William H
Archer
Archer
Archer
Archer


title: William S. Archer

texts:
 and then-Virginia governor and future Confederate general Extra Billy <mask>. <mask> resumed his legal practice, as well as managed his plantations for the remaining near decade of his life. He also served as a trustee of Hampden-Sydney College from 1820 through 1839. Death and legacy

<mask> died at "The Lodge" in Amelia County on March 28, 1855. He was interred in the family cemetery there, and left his large estate, including 2000 acres of land and 2500 books, as well as enslaved people and other property, to his three sisters, who decided to split it into four parts and thus provide for <mask>'s illegitimate son, <mask> <mask>. While his sister <mask> died the following year, <mask> and Anna Barnes <mask> survived the American Civil War. Neither was the mother of C.S.A.Lt. <mask> <mask>. (1843-1930) (who was actually the son of Chesterfield County merchant Peter Jefferson <mask> and his wife Martha Michaux), who enlisted as a private in April 1861 and won promotions to ordinance sergeant and then lieutenant of the 48th Virginia Infantry before being captured at Winchester in September 1864 and ending his war in a federal prison in Delaware (and became a merchant in Richmond afterward). Elections

1823; <mask> was re-elected unopposed. 1825; <mask> was re-elected unopposed. 1827; <mask> was re-elected unopposed. 1829; <mask> was re-elected unopposed. 1831; <mask> was re-elected unopposed. 1833; <mask> was re-elected unopposed.References

External links

1789 births
1855 deaths
People from Amelia County, Virginia
American people of English descent
Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia
Jacksonian members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia
Whig Party United States senators from Virginia
Virginia Democratic-Republicans
Virginia Jacksonians
Virginia Whigs
Chairmen of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
Members of the Virginia House of Delegates
Virginia lawyers
College of William & Mary alumni
Members of the United States House of Representatives from

masks:
Smith
Archer
Archer
Archer
William Segar
Archer Work
Elizabeth Archer
Martha Archer
Archer
William Segar
Archer Jr
Archer
Archer
Archer
Archer
Archer
Archer
Archer


title: Phan Đăng Lưu

texts:
<mask>u (May 5, 1902 – August 28, 1941) was a prominent 20th century Vietnamese revolutionary, politician, intellectual and journalist. Early life and background
<mask>ưu was born on May 5, 1902, in the Tràng Thành commune (now Hoa Thành commune), Yên Thành District, Nghệ An Province, Vietnam. His father <mask>ư (1874–1955) and his mother Trần Thị Liễu had four sons. Three of them, <mask>ưu (Phán Tằm), <mask>ăng Triều (Phán Triều), <mask>ài (Phán Tài) would later join the revolutionary struggle against the French colonial occupation. During the decline of the Mạc dynasty at the end of the 16th century, Mạc Mậu Giang as the son of king Mạc Phúc Nguyên, went to Nghệ An seeking refuge. To avoid political persecution, Mạc Huyền Nhai as the son of Mạc Mậu Giang marked the beginning of Phan (Đăng) as the adjusted surname of this lineage in Yên Thành District, Nghệ An province; "Đăng" being a connotation to the founder of the Mạc dynasty, Mạc Đăng Dung. <mask>ư is a descendant of Mạc Mậu Giang in the 14th generation.Furthermore, this lineage may be traced back as far as to the renowned 13th century Confucian scholar Mạc Đĩnh Chi under the Trần dynasty, who himself was a descendant of another renowned  11th century Vietnamese scholar  under the Lý dynasty. <mask> <mask> Dư worked as a pharmacist and geography teacher. In 1908, he joined Chu Trạc in the resistance against local French oppression. Classified as a landowner during the land reform of the 1950s in Vietnam, his family was stripped of its property and house. <mask> <mask> Dư was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment and died in 1955 on the way to prison. The

masks:
Phan Đăng Lư
Phan Đăng L
Phan Đăng D
Phan Đăng L
Phan Đ
Phan Đng T
Phan Đăng D
Phan
Đăng
Phan
Đăng


title: Phan Đăng Lưu

texts:
 house, in which <mask> Đăng Lưu grew up, is nowadays a national historical site to commemorate and honor <mask> <mask> Lưu and his family's contribution to Vietnam's national struggle for self-determination and independence. In his early years, <mask> <mask> Lưu studied Chinese characters.Later, he went to Vinh for his primary education in the French-Vietnamese primary school. Afterwards, he continued his secondary education in the Quốc Học Huế High School. Other sources cite the Quốc Tử Giám - Huế secondary school. He also studied the romanized Vietnamese language and French. <mask> <mask> Lưu then enrolled at the College of Agricultural Administration in Tuyên Quang, where he graduated as an agricultural engineer. Political struggle before the August Revolution of 1945

In 1923, <mask> Đăng Lưu began working in the office of experimental sericulture in Đông Ba, . He was transferred to Diễn Châu District, Nghệ An, in 1925.He also worked in Linh Cảm, Hà Tĩnh Province, in Phú Phong, Bình Định Province, in Đà Lạt and Di Linh, Lâm Đồng Province. Wherever he went, he would be non-chalant about his anti-colonialistic views. This eventually led to his dismissal. He used this opportunity to immerse himself in the study of communist and anti-imperialistic writings such as Marx's Le Capital or  by Nguyễn Ái Quốc. By that time, he had already been involved in the political movement Hội Phục Việt. On July 14, 1928, at the general plenum of the Tân Việt Revolutionary Party, <mask> Đăng Lưu was voted as a standing member into the central committee of the party, responsible for revolutionary propaganda that included the

masks: Phan Phan Đăng Phan Đăng Phan Đăng Phan Phan


title: Phan Đăng Lưu

texts: propagation of a new democratic order and the socialist doctrine. In this function, together with Đào Duy Anh and other members of the Tân Việt Revolutionary Party he co-edited, translated, compiled several works under the party's publishing organ .It comprised works such as the A.B.C. of Marx's Doctrine ("A.B.C Chủ nghĩa Mác"), New Democracy ("Dân chủ mới"); translations of works such as Social Essays ("Xã hội luận"), A History of economic teachings ("Lược sử các học thuyết kinh tế") or The Communist Manifesto ("Tuyên ngôn Đảng Cộng sản"). At the end of 1928, <mask> <mask> Lưu and Hà Huy Tập were sent to Guangzhou, China, in order to engage the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth League into a common struggle for liberation and independence. He returned after 5 months as the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth League went into hiding and contact could not be established. In September 1929, <mask> <mask> Lưu went to Guangzhou for a second time to discuss and prepare the foundation of a Vietnamese Communist Party with the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth League. He was later captured in Haiphong and subsequently put to trial with 60 other members of the Tân Việt Revolutionary Party at the Nam triều court in Vinh. <mask> <mask> Lưu received a prison sentence of 3 years on 21 January 1930.<mask> Đăng Lưu was transferred to the , where he nevertheless continued to engage in revolutionary activities. While being in prison, he was admitted to the Communist Party of Vietnam that was founded on 3 February 1930. Since most of the prison officers belonged to the Ê Đê people who did not speak any Vietnamese, <mask> Đăng Lưu began to learn

masks: Phan Đăng Phan Đăng Phan Đăng Phan Phan


title: Phan Đăng Lưu

texts: the Ê Đê language. He would then bring out a weekly prison newspaper "Doãn đê tù báo" in Ê Đê and Vietnamese, handwritten and secretly distributed, to foster good relations with the prison officers and to teach other inmates the Ê Đê language. Moreover, he wrote articles in French and Vietnamese, thereby also drawing attention to the severe prison conditions and had them smuggled to the outside whenever inmates would be released. When he was caught, his prison sentence was increased by additional 5 years. Upon his release from prison in February, 1936, prior to the end of his full sentence due to a democratic and human rights movement in Indochina and France that had formed for the release of political prisoners, <mask> Đăng Lưu was admitted into the Communist Party's Committee of Middle Vietnam (Xứ ủy Trung Kỳ).Together with , Hải Triều, Lâm Mộng Quang, Trịnh Xuân An, Hải Thanh and others he was tasked with taking the Party's political activities into the legal and open sphere of influence. Therefore, <mask> Đăng Lưu edited and published many articles in newspapers such as Sông Hương tục bản, Dân, Dân Tiến, Dân Muốn under various pen names such as Đông Tùng, Phi Bằng, Bằng Phi, Sông Hương, Tân Cương, Ly Toét, BCH, QB, SH, KD, Mục tiêu, Thương tâm, KĐ, etc. During this time, <mask> Đăng Lưu had a major influence on other revolutionaries in Nghệ Tĩnh and Huế such as Trịnh Xuân An, , Trịnh Quang Xuân, Hà Thế Hanh and also on the younger generation of revolutionaries such as Tố Hữu, Trần Tống, , Nguyễn Chí Thanh, Võ Nguyên Giáp. In the years between 1937 and 1939, <mask> Đăng Lưu published influential works and

masks: Phan Phan Phan Phan


title: Phan Đăng Lưu

texts:
 books such as The Capitalist Society ("Xã hội Tư bản"), The Old and New World ("Thế giới cũ và Thế giới mới"), etc.. Since <mask> Đăng Lưu was also close to <mask> Bội Châu, he would help him to finish his work Phan Bội Châu Chronology ("Phan Bội Châu niên biểu"). In September 1939, Phan Đăng Lưu was assigned to move into South Vietnam continuing to lead the party's underground revolutionary activities. In November 1939, at the VI general plenum of the Communist Party's 1st Central Committee, he was admitted as a standing member into the Central Committee ("Ban Thường vụ Trung ương").The Standing Committee of the Central Committee was the predecessor of the Politburo. At this point in time, he was one of the highest-ranked political members of the Communist Party of Vietnam. At the VII general plenum of the Communist Party's 1st Central Committee in November 1940, he advised to postpone the planned uprising in South Vietnam. On 22 November 1940, on his way back to Saigon, <mask> Đăng Lưu was caught and sentenced to death on 3 March 1941. He was executed along with Nguyễn Văn Cừ, Nguyễn Thị Minh Khai, Hà Huy Tập, Võ Văn Tần and Nguyễn Hữu Tiến in Bà Điểm commune, Hóc Môn District, Saigon, on 28 August 1941. Memorials
Today, streets in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Thừa Thiên–Huế, Nghệ An, Đà Nẵng, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu and in many other places throughout Vietnam bear his name. There are schools and parks named after him, especially in Nghệ An, Huế, Haiphong and Đà Nẵng.A statue in his homeland, Yên Thành, was erected in his honor. There is also a Phan Đăng Lưu prison in Hồ Chí Minh City. References

1902 births
1941

masks: Phan Phan Phan


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts:
<mask> (, Zakaria Paliaşvili), also known as <mask> (, Zacharij Petrovič Paliašvili; August 16, 1871 – October 6, 1933), was a Georgian composer. Regarded as one of the founders of the Georgian classical music, his work is known for its eclectic fusion of folk songs and stories with 19th-century Romantic classical themes. He was the founder of the Georgian Philharmonic Society and later, the head of the Tbilisi State Conservatoire. The Georgian National Opera and Ballet Theater of Tbilisi was named in his honor in 1937. Notably, <mask>'s music serves as the basis of the National Anthem of Georgia. Although <mask> has composed works for symphony orchestra (e.g., Georgian Suite on Folk Themes), he is probably best known for his vocal music, which includes operas Abesalom da Eteri (based on a folk tale "Eteriani"), Daisi (Twilight), and Latavra. Biography

Family and youth
<mask> was born on 16 August 1871 in Kutaisi in the family of Petre Ivanes dze Paliashvili (1838–1913), an elder at the Kutaisi Georgian Catholic Church, who was said to be a model father and husband.<mask>'s mother was Maria Pavles asuli Mesarkishvili (1851–1916). <mask> was the third child in a family of eighteen children (thirteen sons and five daughters). Seven children died in infancy. Although <mask>'s parents were not professional musicians, their children remembered their mother's singing. In his autobiographical notes <mask> <mask> writes: "...in our big family, my brothers and sisters displayed a natural gift of music even in their early age. To my mind the explanation of this should be sought in the fact that we, being catholics attended the

masks:
Zacharia Petres dze Paliashvili
Zachary Petrovich Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Zacharia
Zacharia
Zacharia
Zacharia
Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts:
 church where the sweet sounds of organ music are not only enjoyable but help develop a good ear... we spend much time in the church and gradually developed a good ear.."

The first to display considerable musical abilities was the eldest son Ivane (Vano<mask> (1868–1934) who subsequently became an outstanding conductor. When Vano was eleven years old he was made assistant to the church organist, and the eight-year-old <mask> was admitted as a chorister to the church choir.With the help of the dean, Father I. Antonishvili, little <mask> studied "Lullaby for Jesus" and sang it with great success on Christmas night. The Kutaisi period, however, left a deep impression on the life of the future composer. It was the place of his first contact with music, and the basis of his professional attitude to his life's dedication – music – had developed there, too. All his life <mask> had retained his youthful love for the relics of Georgia's magnificence, the ruins of the Church of Bagrat (built by Georgia's King Bagrat III in 1003, ruined and plundered by the Turks in 1631), Gelati (1106–1125), one of the most important centres of education, philosophy and literature in medieval Georgia and the extraordinary beauty of his home town. Subsequently, <mask> recalled Kutaisi many times, permeated, he said, with a "truly Georgian spirit". Upon leaving the two-year parish school, brothers Ivan and <mask> began to play the piano under tutorship of Felix Mizandari, an organist and pianist. Mizandari did not charge the family for the lessons for he was aware that Paliashvili family was of very modest means.Shortly afterwards, people in the town

masks:
) Paliashvili
Zacharia
Zacharia
Zacharia
Paliashvili
Zacharia


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts:
 learned of the two talented and exceptionally persevering young musicians. The news reached father Alfonso Khitarishvili, dean of Tbilisi Georgian Catholic Church of the assumption. With the parents' consent Khitarishvili took Ivan and <mask> <mask> to Tbilisi. This was in the spring of 1887. The elder brother was appointed to the post of the organist and <mask> was made his brother's assistant and a choirboy. A short time after, the entire family of Petre <mask> moved to Tbilisi. Move to Tiflis and period in Moscow
The work at the Catholic Church in Tbilisi, besides providing a small but badly needed salary also gave <mask> <mask> the opportunity  to broaden his musical knowledge by getting acquainted with the composers of Palestrina, Lassus, Bach, Handel, Mozart and other great composers of the past.The first performance of a Georgian Ethnographic choir, established of the initiative and with the material support of Lado Agniashvili, a well-known public personality, took place in Tbilisi in 1886. Later the concerts of this choir were conducted by Joseph Ratil (Navratil), who though Czech by birth had forever associated his life with Georgia. The concerts of Agniashvili's choir evoked favourable comments from the patriotically minded Georgian public. Vano and Paliashvili sang in this choir in 1887–1889 and this fact was of importance for the future composer. In 1889 Vano left for Russia where he was engaged as an opera conductor. His post of church organist was taken over by <mask> who now had to support the entire family; as a result, he had no opportunity to continue his musical education. in 1874 on the initiative of

masks: Zacharia Paliashvili Zacharia Paliashvili Zacharia Paliashvili Zacharia


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts: singer Kharlamphy Savaneli, pianists Aloizy Mizandari and Konstantin Alikhanov, the first musical school in Georgia was founded in Tbilisi.The Tbilisi Musical School was reorganised into the Tbilisi Branch of the Russian Royal Musical Society with the statue of a musical college. This was carried out with the active assistance of Mikhail Mikhailovich Ippolitov-Ivanov, a well-known Russian composer, conductor and educationalist who worked in Tbilisi in (1882–1893). <mask>'s cherished dream came true only in 1891 when he was admitted to the french horn class under F.F. Parizek. A year later, when Parizek left the school, <mask> continued to study under A.I. Mosko. He graduated from the French horn class in 1895 and in the same year was admitted to the musical theory class which was conducted by Nikolai Semenovich Klenovsky, a Russian conductor, composer and teacher.<mask> also studied with Ippolitov-Ivanov and music critic Vasili Davidovich Korganov. While studying in Klenovsky's class, <mask> wrote several pieces and this aroused in him a desire for further composition. <mask> graduated from the school with honours in the spring of 1899. During his school years he had founded a mixed choir of factory and office workers who performed Georgian and Russian folk songs for workers. In 1898 <mask> conducted his choir in Gyandja and had tremendous success. Following an exchange of letters with Sergei Ivanovich Taneyev (1856–1915), a Russian composer and teacher, <mask> went to Moscow towards the end of August 1900. After taking his entry examinations he became a pupil in the class of counterpoint at the Moscow Conservatorie.Three

masks: Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts:
 years of study with Professor Taneyev, an expert in polyphony, enriched <mask> with fundamental knowledge and facilitated his maturing into a professional composer. Return to Georgia
Towards the end of June 1903 <mask> completed his studies under Taneyev. With his young wife Julia Mikhailovna Utkina, he returned to Georgia to put into practice the knowledge he had gained in Russia. In autumn of 1903, <mask> began teaching at the Tbilisi High School for the nobility, where he had a singing class and also conducted the choir and orchestra, founded by him. <mask> was a strict and uncompromising teacher. He demanded full accuracy of intonation and precision of rhythm for every pupil-member of his choir or orchestra. He made such big progress in this field, that the school choir and orchestra soon began giving public concerts.The press called this "a triumph of the gifted maestro" and said, that the "choir and orchestra were brought to an evinous standard even for a musical school". A number of personalities who later on distinguished themselves in the Georgian Soviet musical culture (Composers: I. Tuskia, G Kiladze, S. Taktakishvili, V. Gokiely, A. Andriashvili; music critics: S. Aslanishvili, G. Chkhikvadze; Violinist L. Yashvili and others) had their first inspiring contact with music in this school, attending Z<mask>'s class. Violinist Andrei Karashvili and composer <mask> Chkhikvadze worked at the same high school, where they conducted musical classes. In 1904 <mask> was invited to head the teaching of theoretical subjects at the Tbilisi Musical College. Besides instructing classes in solfeggio, harmony and orchestration,

masks:
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
. Paliashvili
Zacharia
Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts: he conducted the pupils' choir and orchestra, the public performances of which were invariably successful. In 1906, using a piano piece by A. Karashvili ("Sazandary") as a point of departure, <mask> composed a profoundly patriotic song, "Samshoblo", which became popular throughout Georgia. Progressive Georgians before the revolution had regarded collecting, recording and elaboration of folklore material as an essential element, contributing to the spiritual life of the nation.Apart from the practical application – the use of folklore material as the basis of literary fand musical work – a large scale propaganda of remarkable folk poetry and songs formed a major instrument for stimulating the Georgian people's patriotic sentiments. Many contemporaries of Paliashvili were engaged in folklorist work, including  Meliton Balanchivadze (father of well-known Soviet composer Andria Balanchivadze and of George Balanchine, an American choreographer), Dimitri Arakishvili, Filimon Koridze, <mask> Chkhikvadze, Kote Potskhverashvili. In the summer of 1903, <mask> and A.S. Khakhashvili (Khakhanov), professor at the University of Moscow and specialist in the history of Georgian literature, made a tour of Svanetia (a high-altitude area in western Georgia), where they recorded some rare old Georgian folk songs. <mask> described the trip to his favourite teacher, S.I. Taneyev. in 1903–1908 with the same goal in view Paliashvili toured such districts as Racha, where he recorded local folk singers, and in particular a mestvire (Bag-piper); Guria (Ozurgeti), Imereti, Kartli and Kakheti. Some of the songs recorded by Paliashvili were published

masks: Paliashvili Zacharia Paliashvili Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts: in Moscow as a collection in 1910, financed by the Georgian Philarmonic Society.These are Forty Georgian Folk Songs recorded by Z<mask> and Eight Folk songs rendered for choir and orchestra. <mask>, however, did not rest content. Whenever he had the least opportunity, he included folk songs elaborated by him in the concert programme of his choirs. Kliment Kvitka, Ukrainian musicologist and ethnographer, and the husband of Lesya Ukrainka, a distinguished Ukrainian poet, sang in one of these choirs. <mask> was a good friend of this talented daughter of the Ukrainian people and of her husband till Lesya Ukraininka's death. In 1908, on his initiative, a music school was opened under the Philharmonic Society. As the Society was short of funds, <mask> headed the school for several years without receiving any payment.Theoretical subjects were taught by Giorgi Natadze, one of <mask>'s closest friends and a graduate of Moscow Conservatorie. Ilya (Ia) Kargareteli, a prominent musician, singer and composer, initiated an association of staging operas in Georgian, which soon began to work under the patronage of the Georgian Philharmonic Society. The efforts of Kargareteli, <mask> and Niko Kartvelishvili led to the first ever Georgian-language performances of Gounod's Faust, Anton Rubinstein's Demon, Rossini's The Barber of Seville, Verdi's Aida and Bizet's Carmen in the Tbilisi opera house. The conductors were Z<mask> and N. Kartvelishvili. In May 1917, the Tbilisi Musical College was reorganised into the Tbilisi Conservatory. The post of director was offered to pianist and teacher N. Nikolayev, and that of inspector to Z<mask>. In

masks:
. Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
Paliashvili
. Paliashvili
. Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts: 1918, when Nikolayev left Georgia, <mask> became the director of the Conservatorie.in 1919 he was awarded a professor's degree. <mask> continued to conduct classes in theoretical subjects at the Conservatorie. At the turn of the century, <mask> commenced working on his first opera "Abesalom da Etery". He was inspired in this by a folk legend, "Eteriany", which had been published in the Paskunji magazine (the fire bird, 1908) and rendered in the form of an opera libretto by Petre Mirianashvili, a teacher, writer and public personality of the time. The plot of the opera is based on a story of a prince who falls in love with a beautiful village girl. Believing in the sincerity of Absalom's feelings Etery marries him. At the same time, Murman, the closest friend of the prince and his visier also falls in love with Etery.Through malicious intrigues Murman destroys the happiness of the young couple. Parted from Etery Absalom falls ill and dies. Etery does not wish to live without Absalom and stabs herself to death. The opening night of this opera took place on February 21, 1919. It was produced by A. Tsutsunava and conducted by the author. The leading parts were performed by B. Zapliski (Absalom), who was soon substituted by Vano Sarajishvili; O. Bakutashvili-Shulgina (Etery) and Sandro Inashvili (Murman). The rousing success of his first opera had inspired <mask> to compose another – the lyrical-drama Daisi ("Twilight" or "Sunset") founded on the libretto by Valerian Gunia, a stage art personality, actor and playwright.The drama of love and jealousy in Daisi is shown against the background of national genre scenes. Maro, a

masks: Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts: beautiful young girl, is betrothed by the will of her parents to Kiazo, who is brave and ambitious. The girl, however, loves her childhood friend Malkhaz, a young warrior. Tsangal, the village jester, tells Kiazo about this, and the latter challenges Malkhaz. At this time the country is attacked by enemies. The people are alarmed, but the adversaries, forgetting their duty to their Motherland, continue duelling and Malkhaz is mortally wounded. The people sternly censure the man who failed to restrain his passions on the day of trial to the country.Maro grieves over the death of her sweetheart. Thus, twilight falls prematurely on the life of the three young people. <mask> dedicated this work to his only son Irakly, whose untimely death he had suffered deeply. The first showing of Daisi was held on December 19, 1923. It was produced and directed by Kote Marjanishvili, the sets were designed by Valerian Sidamon-Eristavi, the conductor was Ivane <mask>. The leading parts were performed by V. Sarajishvili (Malkhaz), E. Popova (Maro) and Krzhizhanovsky (Kiazko). When Sarajishvili died in November 1924 the part of Malkhaz was performed by a number of remarkable singers: N. Kumsiashvili, D. Andguladze, D. Badridze and M. Kvarelashvili.<mask>'s third opera, Latavra, after the libretto by Sandro Shanshiashvili, appeared five years later (the first showing was on March 16, 1928). Subsequent revisions (in 1950, particularly) noticeably improved the shortcomings of this opera which were mainly of an ideological character. "Daisi" and Latavra", a romance "who do I love?" to words by Ilia Chavchavadze and "lullaby" to the words of

masks: Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts:
 Mikhail Lermontov and several chamber pieces were dedicated to Nadejda Ivanovna Buzogly (Abashidze), a close friend of the composer, a merited artist of the Georgian Republic, professor of the Chair of Solo Singing of the Tbilisi Conservatorie, and candidate of sciences (arts). The "Collection of Ten Georgian and Russian folk songs" was dedicated by <mask> to Buzogly's sons Mikhail and Alexy. <mask> always enjoyed real friendship and respect of his talent in the family of the well-known civil engineer Mikhail Buzogly and his wife. Soviet period
Early in 1929 <mask> was invited to the Ukraine to conduct two concerts of Georgian music in Kharkov, then the capital of Ukrainian Soviet Republic.The concerts were held on January 28 and 29 and were very successful. The Ukrainian musical world warmly greeted the great Georgian composer. The reception in honor of <mask> was attended by distinguished representatives of Ukrainian culture and also by Henri Barbusse, a French writer who was on a visit to the Soviet Union at that time. He warmly thanked Zakharia <mask> for the aesthetic pleasure and for the discovery he had made "of a new world of musical Georgia". It was there that the idea came to produce in Kharkov Absalom and Eteri and in Tbilisi Taras Bulba, a Ukrainian classical opera by Nikolay Lysenko. Both were produced as suggested, the former in Kharkov on October 18, 1931 (Director – A. Pagava, décor – S. Nadareishvili), and the latter in Tbilisi in the winter of 1933. Absalom and Eteri was produced in Ukrainian by Konstantin Tsagareli, a gifted lawyer and close friend of the composer, jointly with O. Varava.In the summer

masks: Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts:
 of 1929, <mask> made his second visit to Azerbaijan. Two symphonic concerts were given in Baku, the capital of the republic, on July 23 and 24. The program was made up of <mask>'s works and the author conducted the orchestra. Sickness and death
Since the beginning of the 1930s, <mask> was frequently unwell. Having been diagnosed with sarcoma of the adrenal gland, the composer was taken to Leningrad to their friend Yustin Janelidze, a famous Soviet-Georgian surgeon. Janelidze operated on <mask>, but when he saw that surgical interference would do no good, he stopped the operation and sewed up the wound. He estimated that <mask> had only several months to live.<mask> was bedridden during the summer months of 1933 and his condition continually deteriorated, all the while a new season had begun at the Tbilisi Opera House. Several days before his death, <mask> reportedly wished to hear his opera Abesalom da Eteri for the last time. The radio was switched on and <mask> strained to listen, happy at first but soon contorted with severe pain. At 5 p.m. on October 6, 1933, he died. <mask> was buried on October 10 in the garden of the opera house next to the grave of his friend Ivane "Vano" Sarajishvili, known as the "Georgian nightingale". By a decree of the Soviet Georgian Government, the Tbilisi Second Musical School, the Tbilisi Ten-Year Musical School, the Batumi Musical School and a street in Tbilisi were named after the late composer. Later, a street in Moscow was also named after him.In 1959, the entire second floor of 10 Barnov Street, where <mask> lived from 1915 to 1933, was set aside as his Home-Museum, which contains

masks: Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili Paliashvili


title: Zacharia Paliashvili

texts: valuable materials relating to the life and work of the composer. On October 8, 1962, a special ceremony marked the opening of a permanent exhibition at this museum. Another permanent exhibition dedicated mainly to the childhood and youth of the composer was opened in Kutaisi, in the house where he was born. There are special exhibits on <mask>'s life and work at the M. I. Glinka All-Union Museum of Musical Culture in


title: Aleksey Semenovich Zhadov

texts:
<mask> (), born with the surname "Zhidov" (, 30 March 1901 - 30 November 1977), was a Soviet military officer in the Red Army, who during World War II commanded the 66th Army, later renamed the 5th Guards Army, from the Battle of Stalingrad up till the end of the war. For his leadership of the army, <mask> was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Postwar, <mask> commanded the Central Group of Forces and was deputy commander of the Soviet Ground Forces. Early life and prewar military career
<mask> was born on 30 March 1901 in the village of Nikolskoye in what is now Sverdlovsk district of Orel Oblast. He joined the Red Army in 1919 and fought in the Russian Civil War. He graduated from the Frunze Military Academy in 1934, and in 1940 he took command of a cavalry division. In late May 1941, while serving as the commander of the 21st Turkestan Mountain Cavalry Division in the Central Asian Military District, he was promoted to command the 4th Airborne Corps stationed in Pukhovichi in the Western Special Military District, the military administration of the Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.Having primarily served in the Red Army's cavalry branch for 21 years, the promotion to command an airborne unit was a huge leap of responsibility for him. German Invasion of Soviet Union in 1941
During the German invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, Major General <mask> <mask> was en route on a train to Moscow from Tashkent in order to join the 4th Airborne Corps, which was now subordinated to the Soviet Western Front. When he arrived in Moscow on the morning of 24 June, he expected to hear news that the German attack had been promptly repulsed and the fight taken to German territory, but instead he was informed that the Soviet forces in the border areas were being battered and that communication among units and their lines of command had broken down. The next day on 25 June, he left on train for

masks:
Aleksey Semenovich Zhadov
Zhadov
Zhadov
Aleksey Zhadov
Aleksey
Zhadov


title: Aleksey Semenovich Zhadov

texts: Minsk, the capital of Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. On the train, he met Colonel Nikolai Naumenko, who was en route to the headquarters of the Western Front's Air Force. After a German air raid while the train was in Orsha, further transportation on the railway was cancelled. He and Naumenko later at night continued in a staff car to Borisov, driving slowly since using headlamps were prohibited.They often got slowed down by heavy traffic moving in the opposite direction and also had to constantly avoiding German air raids. On 27 June, the panzer groups of the German Army Group Center reached the outskirts of Minsk. <mask> and Naumenko, instead of continuing to Minsk from Borisov, headed southeast to the headquarters of the Western Front located at a forest near Mogilev. On the morning of 28 June, he reported to the commander of the Western Front, General Dmitry Grigoryevich Pavlov, who simply briefed him: "The situation is complex, difficult, and most importantly is unclear." The forces of the Western Front were being mauled by German forces of Army Group Center in the Battle of Białystok–Minsk. Minsk fell to the German panzer groups of Army Group Center on 28 June, resulting in the encirclement of most of the Western Front's units. On that same day, Pavlov issued orders for the 214th Airborne Brigade of the 4th Airborne Corps to launch an airborne assault in support of Major General Andrei Grigorevich Nikitin's 20th Mechanized Corps against the supply lines of Colonel General Heinz Guderian's 2nd Panzer Group, but there was little information on the condition of 4th Airborne Corps or exactly where it was.On 27 June, the corps had been ordered by the Western Front headquarters to withdraw to the region of the Berezina River beyond the German encirclement, therefore <mask> had to drive down to the area in hopes of finding any personnel from the unit's headquarters. At first, he couldn't locate

masks: Zhadov Zhadov


title: Aleksey Semenovich Zhadov

texts:
 his unit, but after a few more trials, he made contact and joined the unit on the night of 29 June. In <mask>'s absence, the corps' Chief of Staff Colonel Alexander Fedorovich Kazankin had been commanding the unit, and had started preparations to execute Pavlov's orders of 28 June. On 30 June, the 214th Airborne Brigade began their attack, but since its paratroopers lacked the aircraft necessary to launch the airborne assault they deployed on trucks. The brigade failed to link up with the 20th Mechanized Corps, and both forces were easily defeated by the 2nd Panzer Group. The remnants of the brigade fought on for 3 months in the German rear and in the frontlines alongside other Soviet units. Throughout the first week of July, the 7th and 8th Airborne Brigades of the 4th Airborne Corps dug-in and defended along the banks of Berezina River.But by 7 July, the German 3rd and 4th Panzer Divisions had reached the Dnieper River far to the rear of <mask>'s two airborne brigades, which both still held their positions along the Berezina River. Therefore, <mask>'s units withdrew towards the Dnieper River to avoid being completely cut off, and by 13 July have joined up with Soviet forces defending along the river. In late September, the remnants of the 214th Airborne Brigade were trapped in an encirclement during the Battle of Kiev, but on 24 September 200 survivors escaped the pocket and reached Soviet lines near Lebedyn. On 28 September the survivors reunited with their parent corps at Engel Air Base near Moscow. Battle of Moscow
Starting on 2 August 1941, he served as the Chief of Staff of the 3rd Army, which was commanded by Lieutenant General Vasily Kuznetsov. He participated in the Battle of Moscow. Stalingrad Strategic Defensive
In May 1942 he took command of the 8th Cavalry Corps of the Bryansk Front.In October 1942 he took command of the 66th Army of the Don Front, which he commanded to the end of the war.

masks: Zhadov Zhadov Zhadov


title: Aleksey Semenovich Zhadov

texts:
 His army took part in the Battle of Stalingrad, during which on 25 November 1942 he changed his surname from "Zhidov" to "<mask>" on Joseph Stalin's request, because the name sounded Jewish. <mask> <mask> was in reality ethnically Slav. <mask>'s 66th Army was renamed the 5th Guards Army for its bravery and tenacity displayed at Stalingrad. Battle of Kursk
In April 1943 the 5th Guards Army was subordinated to the Steppe Front, and later to the Voronezh Front on 8 July during the Battle of Kursk. The army took part in one of the largest tank battles in military history, the Battle of Prokhorovka during the Battle of Kursk. On the eve of the tank battle, his army had no tanks and was suffering from a severe shortage of artillery ammunition.Despite reporting that his army was in no shape to support the Soviet counterattack that resulted in the Battle of Prokhorovka, the failure of the counterattack was blamed on him. His army went on to perform successfully in Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev in the later phase of the Battle of Kursk, and he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for his army's performance in the Battle of Kursk. Soviet Offensives of 1944–1945
He participated in the Dnieper–Carpathian, Lvov–Sandomierz, Vistula–Oder and Prague Offensives. He was awarded Hero of the Soviet Union on 6 April 1945. On 25 April 1945, the 58th Guards Rifle Division of <mask>'s 5th Guards Army met the 69th Infantry Division of the United States First Army at the Elbe River, effectively cutting Germany in two. On 27 April in Torgau on the banks of the Elbe, the formal Handshake of Torgau was commemorated in front of cameras. On 30 April Zhadov hosted a boisterous victory party for the commanders and officers of the United States First Army and his 5th Guards Army, which included a banquet and carouse.During the party, he presented the First Army's commander, General Courtney Hodges, with the plaque of the 5th

masks: Zhadov Aleksey Zhadov Zhadov Zhadov


title: John W. Harrelson

texts:
<mask> (June 28, 1885 – March 12, 1955) was the sixth chief executive of North Carolina State College (now North Carolina State University) from 1934 to 1953. An artillery officer in the U.S. Army Reserve, he was the first N.C. State alumnus to lead the institution and the first leader of the university to hold the title of Chancellor. Biography
<mask> was born in Double Shoals, North Carolina, though his postal address was listed as Lawndale, North Carolina. The son of Cleveland County farmer J. H<mask>, he was educated at Piedmont High School and then at N. C. State. Though he apparently enrolled initially as a textiles student, he changed his major to mechanical engineering by his sophomore year. He joined the college's Corps of Cadets in his sophomore year as a cadet corporal, and was promoted cadet first sergeant the following year. In July 1908, he enlisted in Company G of the 1st North Carolina Infantry, N. C. Army National Guard, serving a single term of enlistment.He was appointed captain of his cadet company in the fall of 1908, and was commended for his drilling abilities at a competition held on 16 October. Apart from his army training, Harrelson also served as historian of his sophomore class, as vice-president of his junior class, and as a commencement marshal in his senior year. He was also awarded honors in his sophomore and senior years. Harrelson graduated from the university in 1909 with a B.A. in engineering. After completing his bachelor's degree, <mask> returned to N.C. State as an instructor of mathematics in the fall of 1909, teaching arithmetic, algebra,  and plane and solid geometry, subsequently becoming a professor. During 1909 he also became a Freemason.In October 1915, he was commissioned a first lieutenant in the 1st Company of the North Carolina National Guard Coast Artillery Corps. In the same year, he completed an M.S. in mechanical engineering from

masks:
John William Harrelson
Harrelson
. Harrelson
Harrelson


title: John W. Harrelson

texts: N.C. State and was promoted to assistant professor of mathematics. In August 1916, <mask> was promoted to captain in the National Guard and was assigned command of the 1st Company, Coast Artillery, then stationed in Raleigh. Following the U.S. entry into World War I in 1917, <mask> took a leave of absence from N. C. State and was mobilized into the U.S. Army on July 25. He was given command of a training company at Fort Caswell, which included about 30 N.C. State alumni. In early 1918, he was posted on training courses in heavy artillery and anti-aircraft training at the Heavy Artillery School at Fort Monroe, Virginia.He resumed his command of the 7th Company at Fort Caswell on July 3, and until August 1918 also served as commander of the 1st Group Command, and as chief gunnery officer and commanding officer in charge of the post officers' school at Fort Caswell. <mask> was noted for his performance as a company commander, with his training company having produced 26 commissioned officers by that time. He was promoted to major in the National Army on August 9, 1918,  and was subsequently assigned to a post in Washington on the general staff in the office of Peyton C. March, the Chief of Staff of the United States Army. In this role, he took command of the personnel branch and wrote discharges for officers, including for himself. <mask> was demobilized in August 1919 with the rank of major, and returned to the college. In December 1920, he was transferred to the N.C. Field Artillery Corps of Organized Reserves. In the same month, he was commissioned a lieutenant colonel in the Coast Artillery Reserve, and was promoted to colonel on January 29, 1923, which led to him being popularly known as "<mask>" at the State College.Apart from teaching, Harrelson also served as a freshman football coach and as the graduate manager of athletics in 1921. Subsequently given command of the 534th Coast

masks:
Harrelson
Harrelson
Harrelson
Harrelson
Colonel Harrelson


title: John W. Harrelson

texts: Artillery Regiment, on December 20, 1927, <mask> was transferred to command the 316th Field Artillery Regiment, 156th Field Artillery Brigade, 81st Division, reporting to Brigadier General Albert Lyman Cox. In 1929 he was appointed by Governor O. Max Gardner to head the State Department of Conservation and Development. He left the office in 1933 to head the Department of Mathematics at N.C. State. <mask> was a member of the local engineering fraternity Alpha Sigma Epsilon which became a chapter of Theta Tau in 1924. He was initiated as the second charter member of the new chapter. In 1934, following a reorganization at the Consolidated University of North Carolina, <mask> was appointed as the first "Dean of Administration" at N.C. State; the school's sixth chief executive and the first alumnus to lead the school.He was also appointed the North Carolina civilian aide to the Secretary of War the same year. In this appointment, he participated in the Carolina Maneuvers in the autumn of 1941 as the coordinator for the North Carolina exercises, spending two weeks on active duty. With the outbreak of war, <mask> was appointed chairman of the N.C. State Council of Civilian Defense. On February 25, 1943, <mask> was recalled to permanent active duty, becoming the first head of a major Southern college to be so assigned. Effective March 8, he was assigned to the training section of the Fourth Service Command, helping to manage military training programs in U.S. colleges and universities. In his absence during World War II, regular university affairs were administered by the faculty council. His title was changed to "Chancellor" in 1945.<mask> oversaw the establishment of the School of Design and the School of Forestry. <mask> retired from office in 1953 and became the college archivist. He left a $100,000 endowment to NC State for art purchases and a lecture series. In 1954, he was awarded the

masks: Harrelson Harrelson Harrelson Harrelson Harrelson Harrelson Harrelson


title: John W. Harrelson

texts:
 honorary degree of Doctor of Engineering. On the evening of Saturday, 12 March 1955, <mask> was scheduled to give the main address, "Recollections of D.H. Hill," at the dedication of the new D.H. Hill Library building. Shortly after 8 p.m., he rose from his seat and stepped up to a microphone and podium in front of the circulation desk. Harrelson then began speaking, but before he could finish his first sentence, he suddenly collapsed to the floor, knocking over the microphone as he fell.He was rushed to Rex Hospital and placed under an oxygen tent, but was pronounced dead from a cerebral haemorrhage at 10:10 p.m.

Harrelson died two months before his 70th birthday. In his will, he left bequests to purchase outstanding mathematics works for the library, for a distinguished lecture series and for purchasing artworks for campus buildings including the library and student union. Legacy
In 2003, <mask> was posthumously inducted into the Theta Tau Alumni Hall of Fame. In 1961, <mask> Hall, a classroom building on the university's Main Campus housing mathematics and languages courses, was named after Harrelson. Notable for its unique cylindrical design, the building remained in use until 2015, shortly before its deconstruction in 2016. NCSU Libraries Special Collections Research Center currently houses <mask> <mask>'s manuscript papers and university archives. References

External links
Honorary Degrees Conferred
Crotts, Harrelson Inducted into Theta Tau 2003 Alumni Hall of Laureates
Guide to the <mask> <mask> Papers, 1908-1955
Guide to the John Harrelson Photograph circa 1940
History of the Mathematics Department at NCSU
Death notice in 1955 NCSU Agromeck

1885 births
1955 deaths
Chancellors of North Carolina State University
North Carolina State University alumni
Military personnel from North Carolina
American military personnel of World War I
United States Army personnel of World War

masks:
Harrelson
Harrelson
Harrelson
John William
Harrelson
John William
Harrelson


title: Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir

texts:
<mask> (; 16 January 1878 – 16 March 1944) was an Ottoman prince, the son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and his wife Bidar Kadın. Early life
<mask> was born on 16 January 1878 in the Yıldız Palace. His father was Sultan Abdul Hamid II, son of Sultan Abdulmejid I and Tirimüjgan Kadın. His mother was Bidar Kadın, a Circassian. He was the second son, and fifth child born to his father, and the second child of his mother. He had a sister Naime Sultan two years elder then him. Abdülkadir's circumcision took place in 1891, together with his younger half-brothers, <mask>, and Şehzade <mask>.Education and career
His early education took place in the Prince's School, Yıldız Palace, together with his elder brother, Şehzade <mask> Selim, and Sultan Abdulaziz's second son, Abdulmejid II. His tutor was Halil Agha. He spoke several languages, and was a pianist and a violinist, and kemenche player. He was taught to play the violin by violinist Vondra Bey, and his classical music teacher was Aranda Pasha. After graduating from the Prince's School, he was sent to Germany for his military education. He held the rank of major of cavalry regiment in the imperial Ottoman army. He was then promoted to colonel, and later to brigradier.Personal life
When Abdülkadir came of age, his father arranged his marriage to Emine Sultan, daughter of Sultan Abdulaziz and Nesrin Kadın. However, Emine abominated this decision and repudiated it as she didn't wanted to marry a man younger than her, although the Sultan considered this pertinent. Abdülkadir's first wife was Mislimelek Hanım. She was born in 1883. Her real name was Pakize Marshania. Her father was Prince <mask> Hasan Bey Marshania (1862–1917), an Abkhazian Officer in the Imperial Ottoman Army, whose family had migrated from the Caucasus, and her mother was Mevlüde Hanım. In 1890, aged seven, she was given to the palace, in order to become companion of her

masks:
Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir
Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir
Şehzade Ahmed Nuri
Mehmed Burhaneddin
Mehmed
Abdülkadir


title: Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir

texts: cousin Nemika Sultan.She married Abdülkadir on 10 June 1898. The marriage was performed by the Sultan's Senior Imam, Hafız Raşid Efendi and witnessed by Cevher Ağa, Esvabcıbaşı İsmet Bey, Imam of Sinan Paşa Mosque, Mustafa Asım Efendi, and the imperial harem departure manager, Ali Rıza Efendi. The wedding took place on 21 June 1898. She was the mother of <mask> Ahmed Orhan who died in 1901. At the exile of the imperial family in 1924, Mislimelek went to Hungary, then in 1933 to Bulgaria and later to Albania in 1943, where she was imprisoned in a Nazi concentration camp between 1944–1945. At the end of World War II, she went to Beirut in 1946. She penned her memoirs in 1950s, and died in Tripoli in 1955.His second wife was Suhendan Hanım. She was born in 1882. She was an Abkhazian from Tokat. They married in 1902. She didn't have any children. They divorced in 1908. She died in 1929.His third wife was Mihriban Hanım. She was born in 1890. She was an Abkhazian born in Kayalar Memduhiye neighbourhood of Adapazarı. She had one brother. She was a slender, and beautiful woman, and had blonde hair. They married in 1907. She was the mother of Șehzade <mask> Orhan, born in 1909.After the two divorced in 1913, she went to live with her brother. She died in Egypt between 1955–1956. His fourth wife was Pervin Hanım. She was born in 1880. They married in 1908 and divorced the same year. She died in 1917. His fifth wife was Hadice Macide Hanım.She was born in 1899. She was the daughter of Mustafa Şerif Bey, Colonel in the Imperial Ottoman Army. In 1913, Abdülkadir showed his intentions to marry Macide. However, the parliament rejected the match on the basis of her family's social status. The prince married Macide Hanım despite the refusal. As a result Abdülkadir and Macide were deprived of their status. Abdülkadir's salary was halved, and the children born of this marriage were deprived from

masks: Şehzade Mehmed


title: Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir

texts:
 titles and inheritance.She was the mother of <mask> Ertuğrul Necib, born in 1914, and <mask> Alaeddin Kadir, born in 1917. At the exile of the imperial family, Macide went to Hungary, where the couple divorced  in 1925. She died in Vienna, Austria, in 1934. His sixth wife was Meziyet Fatma Hanım. She was born in Crete in 1908. She was the daughter of Mecid Bey, Colonel in the Imperial Ottoman Army. In 1922, Abdülkadir fell in love with her.The marriage took place in the neighbourhood of Osman Ağa in Kadıköy, and was performed by Imam Süleyman Efendi in the presence of the representatives and witnesses of the parties. Soon after, the incident was reported to the council. On the other hand, a man named Selim Sipahi, alleged that Meziyet was his wife. However, his claim was rejected because before the marriage, they had obtained permission form the Heybeli Ada Imam Şevket Efendi and the Naib of Kartal District Court of religious law. However, as the marriage was performed without the parliament's permission, it was rejected. Meziyet and the children born from this marriage were deprived from their status. She was the mother of Bidar Sultan, born in 1924, and Neslişah Sultan, born in 1925.In accordance to the Surname Law, she took the surname "Osmanoğlu". She died on 13 November 1989, and was buried in Karacaahmet Cemetery, Istanbul. His seventh wife was Irène Imer. They married in 1925. She gave birth to <mask> Osman the same year. They divorced in 1926. Later life and death
On 27 April 1909, Abdul Hamid was deposed, and sent into exile in Thessaloniki.<mask>, however, remained in Istanbul. After Thessaloniki fell to Greece in 1912, Abdul Hamid returned to Istanbul, and settled in the Beylerbeyi Palace, where he died in 1918. He had been allocated a villa on the grounds of the Yıldız Palace. Between 1909 and 1924, he lived in the Kızıltoprak Palace and Büyükdere waterfront Palace.

masks: Şehzade Şehzade Şehzade Abdülkadir


title: Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir

texts:
 At the exile of the imperial family in March 1924, Abdülkadir and his family settled in Budapest, Kingdom of Hungary. On 14 January 1925, he gave the power of attorney to Sami Günzberg, a well-known Turkish Jewish lawyer, authorising him to regain from usurpers buildings, lands, mines, concessions left by Abdul Hamid situated in Turkish territory and elsewhere. After which, he sold Abdülkadir's mansion in Feneryolu to the former Khediva Ikbal Hanim.However, he didn't send money to the prince. Günzberg also transferred the prince's stake in Mosul oil to the American Oil Company, and sent a small amount of money to the prince for ten years. <mask> and his family later went to Sofia, Bulgaria, in 1933. In 1943, he renovated the mausoleum of Bali Efendi in Sofia. The prince suffered a heart attack in the bunker during an air raid of American aircraft on 16 March 1944. He died by being crushed during the stampede. He was buried in Sofia.Honours

 Order of the House of Osman, Jeweled
 Order of Glory, Jeweled
 Order of Distinction, Jeweled
 Order of Osmanieh, Jeweled
 Order of the Medjidie, Jeweled
 Imtiyaz Medal in Silver
 Imtiyaz Medal in Gold
 Liakat War Medal in Gold
 Hicaz Demiryolu Medal in Gold
 Iftikhar Sanayi Medal in Gold
 Greek War Medal in Gold
 Outstanding Navy Medal in Gold

Military appointments
Military ranks and army appointments
 Major of the Cavalry Regiment, Ottoman Army
 Colonel of the Cavalry Regiment, Ottoman Army
 Brigadier of the Cavalry Regiment, Ottoman Army

Issue

In popular culture
In the 2017 TV series Payitaht: Abdülhamid, Şehzade <mask> <mask> is portrayed by Turkish actor Can Sipahi. Ancestry

References

Sources

External links

 Family Tree, descendants of Sultan Mahmud II. Retrieved 2011-02-28. Abdul Hamid II
Ottoman princes
1878 births
1944 deaths
Civilians killed in World War II
Deaths by airstrike during World War II
Deaths by American

masks: Abdülkadir Mehmed Abdülkadir


title: Geoffrey de Havilland Jr.

texts:
<mask>., OBE (18 February 1910 – 27 September 1946) was a British test pilot. He was  the son of <mask>, the English aviation pioneer and aircraft designer. Early life
<mask> was born on 18 February 1910 at Crux Easton, Hampshire, the son of Sir <mask>, founder of the de Havilland Aircraft Company, and his wife, Louise (1881–1949). <mask> was the eldest of three children, the others being Peter Jason (born in 1913)  and John (born in 1918).. He first flew at the age of 8 months, carried in his mother's arms in a plane piloted by his father. At the age of 6, he was flying as a passenger with his father at Hendon in a D.H.6. While he was at Stowe School from 1924 to 1927, his parents would visit him in a Gipsy Moth, landing in a field in the school grounds.In 1928, he joined the de Havilland company as a premium  apprentice, working in the engineering department, with his last two years spent in the drawing  office. Alongside his apprenticeship, he learnt to fly at the Royal Air Force Reserve School located on de Havilland's Stag Lane aerodrome. In 1929, he took his "B" licence. When his apprenticeship ended in 1932, he left to join the Aircraft Operating Company as a pilot carrying out air survey work in South Africa. This gave him very little flying experience, and at the end of six months he returned to England and became a flying instructor, first at the de Havilland Aeronautical Technical School and later at the London Aeroplane Club, Hatfield, Hertfordshire. Test pilot
In the early 1930s, Hubert Broad was the de Havilland company's chief test pilot and Robert Waight was the production test pilot; by 1934, production was increasing rapidly and <mask> was

masks:
Geoffrey Raoul de Havilland Jr
Geoffrey de Havilland
Geoffrey Raoul de Havilland
Geoffrey de Havilland
Geoffrey
Geoffrey


title: Geoffrey de Havilland Jr.

texts: given the opportunity to assist with the production test flying. Broad left the company in 1935 and Waight took his place, but he was killed in the de Havilland T.K.4 crash in October 1937, and <mask> <mask>. then became the company's chief test pilot at the age of 27.Waight's death plunged <mask> into the  development trials of the Albatross. This was a considerable step for a pilot who had not till then flown a wide variety of aircraft. The design of the Albatross was advanced for the 1930s: the engines were new, its ply-balsa composite construction was new, and its  layout  was novel. On 22 December 1938, he undertook the maiden flight of the Flamingo, <mask>'s first all-metal stressed-skin aircraft. For the next seven years, he made the first flight, and carried out the development flying, of every <mask> Havilland prototype, including the de Havilland Mosquito and the de Havilland Vampire. On 11 April 1939, <mask> and John Cunningham narrowly escaped with their lives during a test of a Moth Minor's spin response. At 8,000 feet, the aircraft was put into a right-hand spin; however, the engine stopped, adversely affecting airflow over the rudder and tailplane so the aircraft did not respond to <mask>'s control inputs.When the aircraft had failed to recover after five turns, both men bailed out. When the UK entered the Second World War, <mask> were manufacturing Oxfords and Flamingos, which <mask> was testing. By the height of the Battle of Britain, <mask> were also carrying out emergency repairs on battle-damaged Hurricanes, and Dick Reynell, then a Hawker test pilot, visited <mask> to train <mask> on the flight characteristics of the Hurricane. On one

masks:
Geoffrey de
Havilland Jr
Geoffrey
de Havilland
de
de Havilland
de Havilland
de Havilland
Geoffrey
de Havilland
de Havilland
Geoffrey


title: Geoffrey de Havilland Jr.

texts: test flight of a repaired Hurricane, the whole canopy detached at 4,000 feet and hit <mask> in the face; he was initially blinded, but could fly by holding his face close to the instrument panel, and he managed to land despite severely impaired vision. This incident left permanent scars across his nose. On another occasion, a Hurricane's oxygen bottle contained only compressed air, causing <mask> to blame its effects on him on the previous night's party. <mask> made the first flight of the Mosquito prototype (E0234) on 25 November 1940 from the Hatfield aerodrome.More challenging was the first flight of the Mosquito fighter in May 1941 . Like the original prototype, the aircraft had been manufactured in the dispersal factory at Salisbury Hall, but to save the six weeks that would have been spent in transporting and rebuilding the airframe at Hatfield, <mask> used adjacent fields as a runway by having bridges built over ditches to give him a 450-yard run for take-off, and then flew the fighter to Hatfield. Following an informal approach by Henry Tizard in January 1941, the de Havilland company began developing an experimental jet fighter that would later become the DH.100 Vampire. In preparation for its development flying, <mask> flew the Gloster E28/39. He made the first flight of the Vampire on 20 September 1943, making him the third British test pilot (after Gloster's Gerry Sayer and Michael Daunt) to conduct the maiden flight of a jet-powered aircraft. <mask> was awarded the OBE in the King's birthday honours in 1945. <mask> died on the evening of 27 September 1946 whilst carrying out high-speed tests in the de Havilland DH 108 TG306 which broke up over

masks:
Geoffrey
Geoffrey
Geoffrey
Geoffrey
Geoffrey
De Havilland
De Havilland


title: Geoffrey de Havilland Jr.

texts:
 the Thames Estuary, the remains of the aircraft being discovered the following day in the mud of Egypt Bay, Gravesend, Kent.His body was found on the mud flats at Whitstable, his parachute pull ring untouched; he had suffered a broken neck, the result of the aircraft having undergone severe and violent longitudinal oscillations prior to break-up, which caused <mask>'s head to strike the cockpit canopy with great force. Another pilot who flew the DH 108, Capt. Eric "Winkle" Brown, suggested that a factor in <mask>'s death was his height; Brown suffered similar oscillations during a test flight but, because of his shorter stature, they did not cause his head to contact the cockpit hood. The David Lean film The Sound Barrier refers to this event. <mask> was succeeded as Chief Test Pilot by John Cunningham. Personal life
<mask> was a cousin of the actresses <mask> <mask> and Joan Fontaine. In 1933, he married Gwendoline <mask>.They divorced in 1942, and in 1943 he married Pipette Marion Scott Bruford. There were no children of either marriage. <mask>'s brother <mask> <mask> was also a test pilot for de Havilland and was killed in an accident while flying a Mosquito in 1943. References

 Birtles, Philip. "Beyond the Barrier." Aeroplane Monthly August 1973. External links
 "Britain's Test Pilots – No.5 – <mask> <mask>, OBE" a 1946 Flight article

1910 births
1946 deaths
English aviators
English test pilots
<mask>
<mask> from Ashmansworth
People from Buckinghamshire
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in England
Royal Air Force officers
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Segrave Trophy recipients
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents

masks:
de Havilland
de Havilland
Geoffrey
Geoffrey
Olivia de
Havilland
Maud Alexander
Geoffrey
John de
Havilland
Geoffrey de
Havilland
De Havilland
Geoffrey People


title: Lucy McBath

texts:
<mask> (née Holman; born June 1, 1960) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative from Georgia's 6th congressional district. The district, which was once represented by Republicans such as former House Speaker Newt Gingrich and Senator Johnny Isakson, includes many of Atlanta's affluent northern suburbs, such as Alpharetta, Roswell, Johns Creek, Dunwoody, Sandy Springs, Brookhaven, and parts of Tucker and Marietta. McBath is a member of the Democratic Party. McBath's son, Jordan Davis, was murdered in November 2012. She became an advocate for gun control, joining other mothers of black murder victims to form the Mothers of the Movement, and spoke at the 2016 Democratic National Convention. McBath ran for the House of Representatives in 2018 and defeated Republican incumbent Karen Handel. <mask> and Handel faced each other again in the 2020 election, and McBath won.Early life and career
<mask> was born in Joliet, Illinois, on June 1, 1960. Her father, Lucien Holman, was a dentist who owned The Black Voice, an African-American newspaper, and served as president of the NAACP's Illinois chapter. Her mother, Wilma, worked as a nurse. <mask> has a sister, Lori. McBath attended Virginia State University and graduated with a bachelor's degree in political science in 1982. After college, she worked as an intern for former Virginia governor Douglas Wilder. In the 1990s, she became a flight attendant for Delta Air Lines and relocated to Atlanta, where Delta is headquartered.Political activism

In 2012, <mask>'s 17-year-old son, Jordan Davis, was shot and killed following an argument at a gas station in Florida about loud music. The shooting and its aftermath received national attention, and prompted discussion about controversial self-defense laws, commonly known as stand-your-ground laws. Her son's killer, Michael Dunn, was convicted of first-degree murder and was sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.

masks:
Lucia Kay McBath
McBath
McBath
Lucy
McBath


title: Lucy McBath

texts:
 Following her son's death, <mask> joined Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America as a national spokeswoman. She attended a speech on gun violence at the White House given by President Barack Obama, and supported the My Brother's Keeper Challenge. <mask> also joined the gun control advocacy group Mothers of the Movement, which consists of African American women whose children have been killed by gun violence. McBath opposed campus carry legislation in Florida.McBath campaigned actively for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election and spoke on her behalf at the 2016 Democratic National Convention. <mask> created a foundation, Champion In The Making Legacy, to help high school graduates continue their education and training. <mask> appeared in a 2015 documentary film, 3 1/2 Minutes, 10 Bullets, that explored her son's shooting. She also appeared in the 2015 documentary film The Armor of Light, in which Rob Schenck, a pro-life Evangelical minister, discusses gun violence in America; The Armor of Light won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Social Issue Documentary. U.S. House of Representatives

Elections
2018

McBath credits her decision to run for office to a meeting with State Representative Renitta Shannon, who urged her to run. Several other factors contributed to her decision, including the election of Donald Trump and the undoing of previously enacted gun control measures. After initially planning to run for the Georgia House of Representatives against incumbent Republican Sam Teasley in 2018, she decided after the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting to instead challenge Karen Handel, the incumbent Republican in the United States House of Representatives representing .Although the 6th has historically tilted Republican, Handel was thought to be vulnerable. Trump barely carried the district in 2016. Handel defeated Jon Ossoff in a hotly contested 2017 special election that remains the most expensive U.S. House race in American

masks: McBath McBath McBath McBath


title: Lucy McBath

texts:
 history. In the Democratic Party primary election on May 22, <mask> led all challengers with 36% of the vote. She defeated Kevin Abel, the second-place finisher, in the July 24 runoff election with 53.7% of the vote. <mask> faced Handel in the November general election and declared victory with 159,268 votes, surpassing Handel's 156,396 with 100% of precincts reporting. She became the first Democrat to represent this district since it moved to Atlanta's northern suburbs in 1993.Indeed, she was the first Democrat to garner even 40% of the vote in a general election for the district since Gingrich left office in 1999. A number of reports described <mask> as the first Democrat to represent this district since Gingrich won it in 1978. But for his first seven terms, Gingrich represented a district that stretched across a swath of exurban and rural territory south and west of Atlanta; he transferred to the reconfigured 6th after the 1990 census. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution called <mask>'s victory "the biggest Georgia Democratic upset of the 2018 midterms." 2020

<mask> was discussed as a possible candidate in the 2020 Georgia Senate special election. According to The Hill, Democrats considered her "one of the top potential contenders" for the seat. But she declined to run for that office, saying she preferred to continue focusing on her work in the House.<mask> raised $620,000 in the fourth quarter of 2019. As of the end of 2019, she had $1.3 million cash on hand for her reelection bid. 93% of her contributions came from small-dollar donors. She won the November 3 general election with 54.2% of the vote in a rematch against Karen Handel. She got a significant boost from Joe Biden carrying the district with 55% of the vote, the first time a Democrat had carried the district at the presidential level in its present configuration as a northern suburban district. 2022
In the 2021 redistricting session, <mask>'s district was significantly altered

masks: McBath McBath McBath McBath McBath McBath McBath


title: Lucy McBath

texts:
 by Republican state legislators: the 6th district lost its portion of heavily Democratic DeKalb County in exchange for conservative exurban counties such as Forsyth and Cherokee. The new configuration shifts the district from one that voted for Biden by double digits to one that voted for Trump by double digits, likely securing the seat for Republicans in the 2022 elections.Reports speculated that <mask> could run in another district. In November 2021, <mask> announced that she would run for reelection in the 7th district. Currently held by Democrat Carolyn Bourdeaux, the district became significantly more Democratic in redistricting. Tenure
<mask> cosponsored the Honoring American Veterans in Extreme Need ("HAVEN") Act, which gives disabled veterans bankruptcy protections. <mask> co-sponsored legislation to extend Pell Grant eligibility to college students if their school closed or if school officials committed institutional fraud or misconduct. Committee assignments

 Committee on Education and Labor
 Subcommittee on Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions
 Subcommittee on Workforce Protections
 Committee on the Judiciary
 Subcommittee on Antitrust, Commercial and Administrative Law
 Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism and Homeland Security

Caucus memberships

 Congressional Black Caucus
 New Democrat Coalition

Political positions

Abortion
<mask> supports legal abortion. She has said she supports funding programs that give women "autonomy over their reproductive decisions".Health care
McBath supports changes to the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare. She opposes Medicare for All. <mask> supports expanding Medicaid in Georgia, and would lower the age of Medicare eligibility to 55. Economy
<mask> has said she is critical of some of the 2017 Republican tax cuts, but would like to make the temporary middle-class tax cuts permanent. McBath voted for the Raise the Wage Act, which would increase the federal minimum wage to $15 per


title: Lucy McBath

texts:
 hour. Before voting for the bill, the centrist New Democrat coalition (of which McBath is a part) secured some changes: a longer timeline to phase in the wage increases, and provisions that would pause wage increases if a federal study shows adverse economic impacts. Gun control
<mask> initially decided to run for Congress because she believed the government was not doing enough to prevent gun violence.She supports universal background checks before purchasing a firearm, as well as red flag laws to keep guns out of the hands of people at risk of violence. During the 2018 election, McBath vowed to respect Second Amendment rights. She also promised to push for "implementing background checks for all firearm purchases; raising the minimum age to purchase a gun to 21 years of age; working to defeat conceal carry reciprocity measures; and introducing legislation to keep guns out of the hands of domestic abusers and other criminals." Immigration
McBath opposes abolishing the Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency (ICE). Donald Trump
Before the Trump-Ukraine scandal, McBath had been cautious about impeaching President Donald Trump, or opposed it outright. For instance, in the aftermath of the Mueller investigation, McBath was one of 137 Democrats to vote to kill an impeachment resolution. In October 2019, <mask> voted in favor of launching an impeachment inquiry into Trump.She sits on the House Judiciary Committee, which has been tasked with handling some impeachment-related business. During a town hall event, she said she had felt "furious" about "the lack of accountability" from the Trump administration, due to what she called a lack of responsiveness to congressional subpoenas. At the same event, she said, "I don't like having to [participate in the impeachment process]. ... I don't want to have to say this about our President of the United States and the White House." On December 18, 2019, <mask> voted for articles of impeachment against

masks: McBath McBath McBath


title: Lucy McBath

texts:
 Trump on the House Judiciary Committee. Joe Biden
As of August 2021, <mask> had voted in line with President Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time.Electoral history

Personal life
<mask> grew up in a military family; her father, brother, nephew and cousin all served in the US military in some capacity. McBath has survived two bouts of breast cancer. She is married to <mask>. They live in Marietta. McBath often speaks of tragedies she has faced. In 1993, she was rushed to the emergency room while pregnant with her first son, Lucien. She suffered a fetal demise and was admitted to the hospital to deliver Lucien naturally.A year later, she was pregnant again and gave birth to her son Jordan. McBath is deeply religious and named him after the River Jordan in the Bible. In 2012, Jordan was murdered in what became known as the "Loud Music Shooting." See also
 List of African-American United States representatives
 Politics of Georgia
 Women in the United States House of Representatives
 Doreen Lawrence

References

Further reading

External links

 U.S. House website
<mask> for Congress campaign website

|-

1960 births
Activists from Georgia (U.S. state)
21st-century African-American activists
African-American members of the United States House of Representatives
African-American people in Georgia (U.S. state) politics
African-American women in politics
American gun control activists
American women activists
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Female members of the United States House of Representatives
Flight attendants
Georgia (U.S. state) Democrats
Living people
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Joliet, Illinois
People from Marietta, Georgia
Women in Georgia (U.S. state) politics
Virginia State University alumni
21st-century American women
21st-century African-American women
20th-century African-American people
20th-century

masks:
McBath
McBath
Curtis McBath
Lucy McBath


title: Tanaka Chigaku

texts:
<mask> (田中智學, 1861–1939) was a Japanese Buddhist scholar and preacher of Nichiren Buddhism, orator, writer and ultranationalist propagandist in the Meiji, Taishō and early Shōwa periods. He is considered to be the father of Nichirenism, the fiercely ultranationalistic blend of Nichiren Buddhism and Japanese Nationalism espoused by such figures as Nissho Inoue, Kanji Ishiwara and Ikki Kita. Notably, however, the children's writer, poet, and rural activist Kenji Miyazawa also idolized <mask>, and both Miyazawa and Ishiwara joined his flagship organization, the Kokuchūkai, in 1920. Early life
Born Tada Tomonosuke in Tokyo (then called Edo), the third son of a noted physician and former devotee of Pure Land Buddhism who had converted to Nichiren Buddhism, <mask> was placed under the care of the Rev. Kawase Nichiren following the death of his parents in 1870. Enrolled as a novice at Kawase's temple, he later entered the Nichiren Buddhist academy of Daikyo-in (the predecessor to Rissho University), during which time he adopted the sobriquet "Chigaku", meaning "Wisdom and Learning". However, during this time, <mask> came to be disillusioned with the sect's leadership, who he considered too passive in their teachings, and in 1879 he abandoned the priesthood and set out to establish himself as a lay preacher of the "true" Nichiren Buddhism.Briefly employed at a German engineering company in Yokohama, he was quickly drawn to religious proselytizing, joining the lay organization Nichirenkai (日蓮会) as a preacher, in which capacity he honed his public speaking skills and developed his own distinct

masks:
Tanaka Chigaku
Tanaka
Tanaka
Tanaka


title: Tanaka Chigaku

texts:
 uncompromising Nichiren doctrine, which he came to refer to as "Nichirenism" (日蓮主義, Nichirenshugi). Evolution of spiritual-political philosophy
The 1890s saw <mask>'s spiritual philosophy evolve in an increasingly nationalistic manner, taking to concluding his works with the twin salutations of Namu Myōhō Renge Kyō "Homage to the Lotus Sutra" and "Imperial Japan for Ever and Ever" (). The decade saw him carry out extensive lecturing tours throughout Japan and establish his Nichiren study group, Rissho Ankokukai (立正安国会) from his new base in Kamakura. A noted anti-Christian and staunch opponent of Christian missionaries in Japan, he applauded Japan's triumph in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, stating that "The war with Russia is divinely inspired to make Japanese citizens aware of their heavenly task." In 1908, he moved his base to Miho, Shizuoka Prefecture, where he would write his most famous work, "The Doctrine of Saint Nichiren" () in 1911, in which he casts the radical 13th century priest Nichiren as the champion of the Japanese nation, and called for world unification through Nichirenism with the emperor as its core. "Japan's very purpose of existence," he writes, "is the implementation of this plan, as a country conceived for building Nichiren Buddhism." in 1914, <mask> amalgamated all of his followers into a single organization, the ( based in Miho.He would maintain a busy lecture schedule until illness curtailed his activities in the late 1930s, traveling not only throughout Japan but also embarking on speaking tours of Japanese-occupied Korea and Manchukuo, where he supported and

masks: Tanaka Tanaka


title: Tanaka Chigaku

texts:
 gave lectures to Puyi, who had been appointed Emperor of Manchukuo. His nationalist and imperialist convictions only hardened with age, believing that Japan's 1931 takeover of Manchuria was divinely ordained and part of a divine plan to spread the "true" Nichiren Buddhism throughout Asia. He even went as far as to compile diagrams of the states in which the "Nichirenization" of the world would take place. By the 1950s he foresaw a total of 19,900 students, 19,200 instructors and 23,033,250 followers spread across the Asia-Pacific region reaching as far as New Zealand. While best known as a preacher and an orator, <mask> was also a skilled poet and dramatist with a keen interest in the traditional theatrical arts of Japan. He wrote and performed numerous plays, all with a heavily moralistic undertone, and produced a volume of essays, songs and poems. <mask> died in 1939 at the age of 79, and is entombed in the Myoshu Mausoleum in Tokyo.His son, Dr. Satomi Kishio, took over the reins of his organization, and remained a staunch defender of his father in the postwar era when numerous academics denounced him as a fascist for his ideology's links to such ultranationalist figures as Nissho and Kita. References

Sources

 堀まきよう (Hori Makiyo), 「井上日召の`カギの折伏、：血盟団事件について」("Inoue Nissho and his Terrorist Ideology: Some Notes on the Blood-Pledge Corps Incident") in the Waseda Journal of Political Science and Economics (早稲田政治経済学雑誌) 328 (1996). Gerald Iguchi, Nichirenism as Modernism: Imperialism, Fascism, and Buddhism in Modern Japan (Ph.D. Dissertation), University of California, San Diego, 2006 -


title: Tanaka Chigaku

texts:
 Godart, G. Clinton, "Nichirenism, Utopianism, and Modernity: Rethinking Ishiwara Kanji’s East Asia League Movement," Japanese Journal of Religious Studies, 42/2: 235–274
 Edwin Lee, "Nichiren and Nationalism: The Religious Patriotism of <mask> Chigaku," in Monumenta Nipponica 30:1 (1975). Murakami Shigeyoshi. Japanese Religion in the Modern Century. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1908, pp. 19–32
 大谷栄一 (Ōtani Ei'ichi), 『近代日本の日蓮主義運動』  (Modern Japan's Nichirenism Movement), Kyōto: Hōzōkan, 2001.George Tanabe Jr., " "<mask> Chigaku: The Lotus Sūtra and the Body Politic," in G. Tanabe, ed. The Lotus Sūtra in Japanese Culture. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1989. 戸頃重基 (Tokoro Shigemoto), 『近代日本宗教とナショナリズム』(Modern Japanese Religion and Nationalism), Tokyo: Fuzanbo Press, 1966. Shizuoka Profiles: <mask> (En.) Kishio Satomi; <mask> <mask>, Discovery of Japanese idealism, London : K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. ; New York : E.P. Dutton & Co., 1924
 Montgomery, Daniel (1991).Fire in the Lotus, The Dynamic Religion of Nichiren, London: Mandala, , page 217-218

Further reading

 Marchand Louis. Mystique du panjaponisme. Un « Mein Kampf » nippon. In:Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations. 1e année, N. 3, 1946. pp. 235–246.(French)
 <mask>gaku: What is Nippon Kokutai? Introduction to Nipponese National Principles. Shishio Bunka, Tokyo 1935-36

See also
 Inoue Nissho
 Ishiwara Kanji
 Japanese nationalism
 Nichiren Buddhism
 Religion in Japan

1861 births
1939 deaths
Nichiren Buddhism
Japanese Buddhists
People from Shizuoka Prefecture
People from Tokyo
Nichiren Buddhists
Founders of new

masks:
Tanaka
Tanaka
Tanaka Chigaku
Chigaku
Tanaka
Tanaka Chi


title: Robert John Gregg

texts:
<mask> (July 2, 1912, Larne, County Antrim, Ireland – November 15, 1998, Vancouver, BC, Canada), known as <mask> or R. J<mask>, was a linguist, a pioneer of the academic study of Ulster-Scots as well as a linguistic authority on Canadian English. Personal and early childhood

<mask>, the second child and eldest son of <mask> and Margaret McDowell, was born July 2, 1912 in a house on Glenarm Road in Larne, County Antrim, Ireland. In 1905, his grandfather <mask>, and his family, arrived in Larne from the Clough area of Co Antrim. George Gregg & Sons operated a road contracting business, and many of the roads in and around Larne were built by the Gregg Company . The McDowell family came from the Glynn/Gleno area of Larne. From a young age, <mask> was interested in linguistics. He grew up around the “urban modified English” in Larne.However, he and his brother frequently holidayed at the countryside with his mother's relatives. In the more rural areas he discovered the Ulster-Scots language. He stated in his M.A. dissertation that his 'linguistic curiosity was early aroused by the sharp contrasts' between the two language varieties, and 'these bilingual comparisons have always been discussed with interest in my own family, and with the help in particular of my mother and my brother'. By his teenage years, he began collecting linguistic material. By 1930, he was already writing down his own notes regarding his research on

masks:
Robert John Gregg
Bob Gregg
. Gregg
Robert John Gregg
Thomas Gregg
George Gregg
Gregg