title: Sava Grujić

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 corps instead of the earlier four corps mode. For the next two years, <mask> <mask> organised more major reforms in the army, improving her fighting capacity and giving her a new organisation, <mask> realised that it was necessary to stiffen the back of the Serbian militia, so he split the standing army, which had seen little action during the first war, into smaller units that acted as cadres for the larger units of the militia. The troops were led by capable Serbian officers who proved their heroism and tactical ability, one of them was Jevrem Marković with whom Sava had fought alongside in Poland in 1863. In 1876 King Milan had kept the standing army out of combat, fearing to commit the troops he saw primarily as protection for his dynasty, but <mask> reorganisation turned it into the backbone of a considerably improved Serbian fighting force. Congress of Berlin
By early 1878, the Royal Serbian Army had captured most of the South Morava basin, liberating Vranje and Leskovac, reaching as far as Preševo, Vitina, and the monastery of Gračanica near Priština in Kosovo, revered by romantic nationalists as the seat of the medieval Serbian Empire. The Sultan sued for peace, on 3 March 1878 a peace treaty was signed between Russia and the Ottoman Empire at San Stefano, a village west of Istanbul; Serbia became independent according to Article 3. The formal independence of Serbia from the Ottoman Empire is internationally recognised at the Congress of Berlin on 13 July 1878, however, the new treaty significantly changes the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano; Serbia's territory gain is reduced and Austria-Hungary is given a mandate to occupy and administrate Bosnia and Herzegovina.This marked the start of <mask>

masks: Sava Grujić Grujić Grujić Sava


title: Sava Grujić

type: original

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 <mask>'s diplomatic career. Diplomatic service 1878–1887
<mask> quickly proved himself to be a versatile politician and a skilled diplomat, as such he was sent as ambassador and representative of the Serbian Kingdom around Capitals helping secure Serbia's place in Europe. A few years later he became Minister for Foreign Affairs. In 1879, as foreign relations between the Principality of Bulgaria and Serbia are established for the first time, <mask> is sent to Bulgaria as the first diplomatic representative of Serbia. From 1882 to 1884, he moved to Athens where he was posted as Serbian Minister of the new Kingdom of Serbia. A reformer named Charilaos Trikoupis, having just been elected Prime Minister, was pushing through an aggressive program of reforms to make Greece into a progressive nation, <mask> was involved into many negotiations between their respective governments and the Ottoman Porte. From 1885 to 1887 he became Serbia's representative to the Russian Empire and moved his family to Saint Petersburg.In 1887 <mask> <mask> is promoted general. As a trusted political friend of Russia, he is sent as a special envoy to Constantinople, during the conflict between Russia, Turkey, and Austria, to negotiate with the Turks on behalf of the Russian Empire. Political Career 1887–1894

People's Radical Party
After first leaning towards the liberal party, <mask> <mask> joined the People's Radical Party under the leadership of Nikola Pašić. The Radical Party was formed in 1881 and its ideological origins could be traced to the socialist program of Svetozar Marković that Grujić was familiar with from his time in Russia, especially Marković's ideas of people's state and people's sovereignty. At the time there had been no

masks: Grujić Grujić Grujić Sava Sava Grujić Sava Grujić


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 political parties in Serbia with written programs and organisational structure, only the progressive party had been legally recognised as a political party. The program of the Radical Party was based on major democratic changes in Serbia and the liberation and union of all Serbs. The Radicals insisted on a constitutional reform which implied that all legislative power was the responsibility of the National Assembly and that the country should be organised on the principle of local self-government.By mobilising the peasantry through organising the countryside, the Radical Party was the first to understand the huge political potential of the peasants, because of that the Radicals proved to be "the most original nineteenth-century Balkan political movement"'. In January 1881, the radical newspaper called "Self-Government" () came out with the program of the party. From that moment that the Radicals diverged from the socialist ideas of Svetozar Marković, but insisted on political, rather than economic or social issues. Critical of the monarchy and inspired by French ideas of Radicalism, the Radicals demanded democracy, public liberties, and liberal reforms. In foreign policy, they were strongly Pro-Russian, anti-Austrian and Francophile, which made conflicts with pro-Austrian Prince Milan unavoidable. First Coalition government
In June 1887 for the first time in history, the People's Radical Party enters the cabinet, as one of their leader <mask> became Minister of Defence from 17 July, in a coalition government under the Presidency of the Liberal Jovan Ristić. The new government was greeted with great enthusiasm by wide masses.Slobodan Jovanović says that the capital was "overwhelmed" with local party champions who


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 came to congratulate their ministers on coming to power. Grujić and the Radicals’ first success was the agreement they concluded with the Liberals in the spring of 1886. This agreement was motivated by two important factors: The necessity of legalising the Radical movement after the Timok rebellion affair and the chance of entering the government. This was possible only through an agreement with the opposition party of the Liberals. The Radical-Liberal agreement did not signal any ideological rapprochement between the two political groups. It rather was directed towards collaboration during the elections and, in case of electoral victory, the possibility of forming a coalition government. The major task of that coalition cabinet was to foster constitutional reform.After several months, on 19 December 1887, the Radicals formed the first purely Radical cabinet under the presidency of General <mask> <mask> but the conflict with the King soon escalated. Presidency and the Constitution of 1888
On 19 December 1887, the Radicals formed the first purely Radical cabinet under the presidency of General <mask> <mask>. The first pure radical government in the history of the Radical Party was formed on 31 December 1887. <mask> <mask> became Prime Minister and Minister of the Army, his first act was the promulgation of a new Constitution in December 1888 establishing parliamentary democracy, freedom of citizens and local self-government. Although the Constitution came as a result of the work of all three political parties, its spirit basically reflected the program of Grujić Radical Party. It was one of the most liberal constitutions in Europe of that time, establishing the basis for full democracy and opening the door for the

masks: Sava Grujić Sava Grujić Sava Grujić


title: Sava Grujić

texts: development of an advanced political system in Serbia. It was based on the liberal Constitution of Belgium, itself a slightly modified version of the French Charte of 1830.The 1888 Constitution did not formally proclaim the sovereignty of the people, because King Milan Obrenović expressly opposed the principle, but it limited royal powers considerably and, by lowering the electoral census threshold, practically introduced universal suffrage. Endorsed by five-sixths of the Radical votes at the Great National Assembly (Velika narodna skupština), the 1888 Constitution, despite reservations of some Radical representatives, was seen as providing for a transition to a parliamentary system, which had already been demanded by the St Andrew's Day Assembly (which overthrew Prince Alexander Karađorđević) in 1858. If the failure of the Timok rebellion was the King's victory over the Radicals, then the promulgation of the new Constitution was the Radical victory over the ruler. In accordance with the agreement reached, King Milan informed the Prime Minister Colonel <mask> <mask>, in a letter dated 3 January 1888, that he had made the decision to allow free emigrants to return to the country, except for Nikola Pašić. Nikola Pašić was not even pardoned this time "because of the treacherous preparations against the fatherland and Serbian thought in the autumn of 1885." The Radical Government of <mask> Grujić envisaged the division of the army into an active (standing) and national by the proposal of the Law on Amendments to the Law on the Organization of the Army adopted on 3 April 1888. This law represented a combination of a national and standing army, with the first call still being regulated as a standing army, and the second

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 and third calls would represent the national army However, the proposed Laws brought great resentment with King Milan, who told the Austro-Hungarian deputy Hengelmiler that "the Radical Party is working on the preparation of the revolution and that they only want to get it on time so that they could pass the Law on the formation of a national army, and on the basis of it arm the people and then start the revolution."The king was increasingly showing disappointment in the Radicals and sought a way to overthrow the Radical Government.5 When the Radical Government submitted the signed Law on Municipalities to the King, adopted in the Assembly by a large majority, he refused to sign it. <mask> <mask> reminded the King that by the agreement of December 1887, "which he had made with the radicals" the enactment of this law was included. To that, King Milan replied: "Well, sue me for the failure to complete the contract!" In such a situation, <mask> had no other option but to resign on 26 April 1888. The Constitution prescribed that the King should renounce the throne and appoint viceroys who would reign on behalf of his minor son Aleksandar. The King appointed three viceroys. The viceroys were not Radicals, but, as the Radicals were the strongest, they conferred government upon them.Soon after the document's approval by the National Assembly, the King abdicates and leave Serbia. After the abdication of King Milan, the prominent Radical leader Nikola Pašić is finally pardoned and allowed to return to Serbia. The Radical regime 1889–1892
The period from February 1889 to August 1892 was the longest period prior to 1903 in which <mask> <mask> and the Radicals were in power. During those three and a half years they were able

masks: Sava Grujić Grujić Sava Grujić


title: Sava Grujić

texts: to implement and develop a political system based on the Constitution of 1888 and on intensive legislative activity. This period of Serbian history was rightfully named "the Radical regime". <mask> <mask> serves as Prime Minister for the first two years March 1889- February 1891. According to the law on elections of representatives, passed in March 1890, the Radicals succeeded in introducing virtually general voting right without any census.It contained several important reforms that secured a democratic electoral procedure: it introduced the secret ballot, power during the elections was assigned to the president of the electoral committee, without any interference of State authorities, and a detailed penal code was introduced for cases of abuse during the elections. Two other legal documents were passed during Radical rule and shed a greater understanding of the Radical interpretation of democracy. The law on ministerial responsibility dated January 1891, gave the right of questioning to both the National Assembly and to the King. The ministerial responsibility was both political and criminal. The law on communes, enforced in November 1889, was designed to introduce the concept of local self-government as the most important political system in the country. The application of this system essentially meant the realisation of the Radical program. At the end of his mandate, <mask> <mask> is sent as the Serbian envoy to Constantinople, from 1891 to 1893 he will continue the policy led by his predecessor Stojan Novaković.During his mandate, there was a conflict between the Turkish authorities and the Patriarchate regarding the Patriarchal privileges. The authorities had tried to impose firm control upon Serbian

masks: Sava Grujić Sava Grujić


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 schools, by issuing an official announcement in January 1892, in which they demanded to review the statutes of all non-Muslim schools <mask> <mask> recommended to the Serbian consul to advise people to submit applications directly to the Turkish authorities, in accordance with the Article 129 of the law on Public Education in Turkey. Political isolation
On 13 April 1893, the minor King Alexander Obrenović, while dining with members of the Regency, supported by the army and government members, declares himself legally aged and proclaims himself king. At first the Radical accept to work with the new King, and after parliamentary elections, they win the majority of seats once again. <mask> <mask> forms his third government in 1893 becoming first Minister of Defence from 4 June to 23 November 1893 then from 23 November 1893 Prime Minister, Minister of War and Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs. After old King Milan returns from exile the Radicals and the Obrenović dynasty enter again into open confrontation. Radical public meetings are banned and in May 1894 the King abolished the modern 1888 Constitution and reinstitute the one adopted in 1869.The majority of the laws passed under Radical rule are changed or suppressed, King Aleksandar opts for 'neutral' Governments – in other words, he establishes a personal regime. Diplomatic service 1897–1903

Envoy in St. Petersburg 1897–1899
During this difficult political time for the Radicals, <mask> <mask> is sent as the Serbian envoy to St. Petersburg to represent Serbia as Tsar Nicholas II of Russia begins his reign. In Serbia, on 21 June 1899 an abortive attempt on the ex-King Milan's life, an event known as the "St John's Day's Attempt", made by a young man from Bosnia


title: Sava Grujić

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 is used by the government as a pretext to arrest the Party's most outspoken leaders and place them before a Court-Martial. Milan insisted on the death penalty for Pašić and Taušanović in retaliation for all past and present conflicts and clashes. Pašić agreed to accuse some of his Party comrades (Protić and Živković) of anti-dynastic attitudes and possible inspiration for the attempted assassination and, in return, his and Taušanović's lives were spared. In the end, the accused Radicals were sentenced to twenty years of hard labour, Taušanović to 10 years and Pašić to only five years in prison. These measures were accompanied by organised attacks on the Radicals.They were being fired, persecuted, and purged throughout Serbia. Envoy in Constantinople 1900–1903
One more time <mask> <mask> is sent as the Serbian envoy to Constantinople as top diplomat. In 1901, the Radical movement re-emerged in Serbian politics with the death of their arch-enemy, ex-King Milan Obrenović, once again, as many times before, the Radicals insist on constitutional reform. The 1903 May coup
The turning point in modern Serbian history came in 1903. That year was marked by the assassination of King Alexander I of Serbia, Queen Draga, her two brothers and two ministers by a group of young Serbian officers on 10 June 1903. <mask> <mask> was in Constantinople at the time, where he was a deputy at the Turkish court. This event marked the end of the Obrenović dynasty which had ruled Serbia with interruptions for more than seventy years, but more importantly, it opened the door for constitutional parliamentary democracy.In June 1903, only a month after the King's death, a new constitution, with essentially the same text as that of 1888, is passed


title: Sava Grujić

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 by the Grand National Assembly. The Serbian Skupština invited Peter Karađorđević to assume the Serbian crown as Peter I of Serbia. The Serbian Radical party was not directly involved in the coup d'etat, but it was one of the groups that benefited the most from the overthrow of the Obrenovic dynasty. As the most popular political party within Serbia by far, it has been estimated that by 1903 as much as 80% of Serbia's population either supported or belonged to the Serbian Radicals, the transformation of Serbia into a parliamentary democracy meant that the Radicals would dominate the parliament and that they would continually form the government and run Serbia. Return to government

On 15 June 1903, Peter I of Serbia became the new Serbian head of state, the third son of Alexander Karadjordjević, he had been educated in France and Switzerland. A nationalistic Serb, he had fought in the Bosnian War, Peter was crowned in 1904, the new King was committed to the creation of true parliamentary government. <mask> <mask>, who had replaced Jovan Avakumović's "revolutionary" 1903 Cabinet, was offered to form a new government either with Pašić Old Radicals or with the Independent Radicals <mask> became head of the Council of State in June then, looking for the widest possible support in the National Assembly, on 4 October 1903, <mask> formed a coalition Cabinet embracing both wings of the Radical Party: the Old Radicals of Pašić and the Independent Radicals led by the younger French-oriented intellectuals.On 21 November 1903, <mask> became prime minister staying in that position until 27 November 1904. In the negotiations for a new Cabinet, in November 1904, both groups concluded that their coalition could not continue, given

masks: Sava Grujić Grujić Grujić Grujić


title: Sava Grujić

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 their differences in major issues such as floating a loan, the purchase of guns and the railway construction. From 1 March 1906 to 17 April 1906, <mask> <mask> was Prime Minister and War Minister. The Radical Party entered its Golden Age. After over twenty years of struggle, rebellion, crisis, compromise, and success, it became powerful and mature enough to dominate Serbian politics and decisively contribute to Serbia's emergence as a democratic European state. Later life and death

The Hague Peace Conference of 1907
In 1907, <mask> <mask> headed the Serbian delegation to the second Hague convention where he spent several months as President of the Serbian Council of State and Delegate Plenipotentiary. The conference sat from 15 June to 18 October 1907 and was attended by the representatives of 44 states, it was convened as a restraint on war, to reduce the amount nations spent on armaments, and to ensure ‘to all peoples the benefits of a real and lasting peace’.The Hague Conventions treaty also established the laws and customs of war in the strict sense, by defining Methods of warfare: the rules that belligerents must follow during hostilities. This branch of international law is known as the laws of war, as opposed to the one governing the right to receive relief, as defined in the Geneva Conventions that establish the protection of victims of conflict as well as the limitation of methods of warfare. Retirement and Death
In 1906 he retired from active political life but remained President of the State Council a position he kept from 1906 to 1910. October 1913 saw the end of the Balkan War against the Turks when Serbia together with Greece and Bulgaria liberated the Balkan Peninsula from the Turks. The following


title: Sava Grujić

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 month, Grujić died peacefully at home on his 73rd birthday. Writings
Grujić wrote a number of military manuals and books, including  (The military organization of Serbia; 1874) and  (The foundations of the military structure of the principality of Bulgaria; 1880). One of his best known publications which was very popular at the time was the History of the Serbo-Turkish Wars of 1816–1818 in four volumes, in it he wrote about his wartime experience and his memoir is considered one of the best analyses of the wars.Personal life

Marriage and children
After his first wife Angelina died at a young age, <mask> <mask> remarried Milica Radovanović in 1867; they had four children; two sons: Captain Borislav (Boro<mask> was born in 1876, Captain Aleksandar (Alek<mask> born in 1879; and two daughters: Marija born in 1883, married to Cavalry Division General Vojin Tcholak-Antitch, Chief Inspector of Cavalry, a descendant of Čolak-Anta Simeonović and Olga, Royal Lady in Waiting to Princess Olga of Yugoslavia, married to Professor Milivoje S. Lozanić, son of Sima Lozanić. Legacy
Generala Save Grujića is a street of the western section of downtown Belgrade. Affiliations

 Honorary member, Serbian Academy of Science
 Honorary member, Russian Archaeological Institute

See also
List of prime ministers of Serbia
Grujić family (in Serbian)

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links
Biography online SASA

1840 births
1913 deaths
Politicians from Smederevo
People's Radical Party politicians
Prime Ministers of Serbia
Government ministers of Serbia
Serbian generals
Serbian diplomats
Serbian socialists
Serbian nationalists
Socialism in the Principality of Serbia
Writers from Smederevo
Defence ministers of Serbia
Foreign

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title: Murder of Michael McGurk

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The murder of <mask> was an Australian contract killing. <mask>, a Scottish-born Australian businessman, was murdered by a single gunshot to his head on 3 September 2009 outside his , Sydney family home. In October 2010 five men were arrested and several charges laid; and by April 2013 four of them had been convicted and jailed in connection with the murder of McGurk. The last accused, businessman Ronald Edward "Ron" Medich, was, in April 2018, found guilty by a jury in the Supreme Court of orchestrating the murder of McGurk, and of intimidating McGurk's wife. In June 2018 Medich was sentenced to a 39-years custodial sentence, with a 30 year non-parole period. <mask>

McGurk, born Mick Rushford in 1958 in Glasgow, Scotland, was raised in the Gorbals notorious slum area by his grandmother and brothers; although some media reports claim that Rushford was raised in Edinburgh. Rushford travelled to Australia in 1993, where he began working with ECC Lighting, in inner Sydney.Whilst he was employed at ECC, Customs officers found out that Rushford had overstayed his temporary visa. Served with a deportation notice, Rushford left Australia, travelling to New Zealand, via Fiji, and returned with a new passport and new identity as <mask> McGurk, altering his birth date from 1958 to 1964. McGurk rose far above his impoverished roots, living in a $4 million home, driving a Mercedes S-Class, and taking luxury ski holidays. Described by some media agencies as an alcoholic and a heavy cocaine user, McGurk was variously reported as the director of 28 failed or deregistered companies; a standover man, fixer and

masks:
Michael McGurk
McGurk
Michael McGurk
Michael Loch


title: Murder of Michael McGurk

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 Party
McGurk had also been lobbying on the sale of Currawong, a  Pittwater site owned by Unions NSW. Moses Obeid, the son of disgraced former Labor powerbroker Eddie Obeid, helped McGurk negotiate with John Robertson, then Secretary of Unions NSW. Following McGurk's death, Robertson stated that McGurk was representing Medich and that while their $30 million bid for Currawong was the highest, it was conditional on development approval. Unions NSW accepted a bid for a lesser amount, because there were no conditions attached. Richard Vereker, an associate of McGurk and aged 68 at the time of McGurk's death, was mentioned in a 2008 ICAC inquiry involving Wollongong City Council. At this Inquiry, ICAC found that eleven individuals engaged in various forms of corrupt conduct between 2004 and 2007.Vereker, a former butcher, bookmaker, and Wollongong businessman, had reportedly facilitated a meeting between McGurk and Graham Richardson that later led to McGurk attempting to exhort Medich. Vereker, a disability pensioner, was reportedly NSW Labor's second largest individual donor, with a political donation of $75,000 in the 2007 state election campaign. On 1 July 2010, Vereker, with Mark Abernethy, published a biography of McGurk, called The Fast Life and Sudden Death of <mask>. The Sydney Morning Herald also revealed links with Craig Knowles, a former NSW Planning Minister, and with Lucas Neill, a captain of the Socceroos, in McGurk's alleged role as a financial middleman for the set-up of a proposed western Sydney A-League soccer team. The registered office of Sydney Wanderers Football Club, the


title: Murder of Michael McGurk

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 sensational, media coverage about these tapes, their content, and possible ramifications. On 5 September 2009 The Sydney Morning Herald published on its front-page, "Exclusive: Secret tape blamed for killing". Directly below the banner: "It could bring down the Government." The following day Graham Richardson, a former Hawke and Keating Labor federal government minister and now political lobbyist, told Channel Nine that he had heard the tape and that the key part which apparently exposed the Labor figures was inaudible.Richardson stated that <mask> was allegedly trying to blackmail Medich for $8 million and that in about June 2009 Richardson had provided a formal statement to NSW Police. Commenting on Richardson's very public denial of the tapes containing any matter of substance, Jennifer Hewett, national affairs columnist with The Australian, wrote:
The very notion that Richardson – a man normally desperate to avoid contributing to his media profile these days – is so determined to publicly dismiss the significance of the tape should set off plenty of alarms. On 8 September 2009, NSW Police passed a copy of this tape to the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC). However, the NSW Opposition called for a Parliamentary Inquiry. On 9 September 2009, a motion was carried in the Legislative Council to establish an inquiry into Badgerys Creek land dealings and planning decisions. The inquiry's Terms of Reference included inquiring into and "report on land dealings and planning decisions relating to land or interests in land held solely or jointly by Ron Medich Properties Pty Ltd and Roy


title: Murder of Michael McGurk

texts:
 2010. Medich, Haddad, and Richardson all gave evidence at the ICAC Inquiry.The Commissioner determined that there were no findings of corrupt conduct; and was unable to substantiate any of the thirteen allegations. Arrests
On 13 October 2010, thirteen months after the murder of <mask>, homicide detectives arrested the following:
Fortunato "Lucky" Gattellari (60), a former Australian featherweight boxing champion and brother of Rocky Gattellari – charged with soliciting the murder of McGurk and being an accessory after the fact
Senad Kaminic (42), a former Bosnian soldier and business associate of Gattellari – charged with being an accessory before and after the fact
Haissam Safetli (45) – charged with murder of McGurk
Christopher Estephan (20) – charged with murder of McGurk
It was reported that four days after the murder of McGurk, police seized a number of weapons from Gattellari's home. Media reports claim that Gattellari was appointed a director to a number of companies associated with Medich in July 2009. Court documents lodged by police, allege that some time after 1 May 2009, Gattellari solicited Safetli to murder McGurk and that for more than thirteen months after the killing "did receive, harbour, maintain, and assist" Safetli. Medich, who has reportedly known Gattellari from childhood, had lent millions to Gattellari, including $4.8 million between November 2009 and October 2010 and $16 million in total, through various joint ventures. On 27 October 2010 police also arrested <mask>'s business associate Ronald Edward "Ron" Medich, and charged him with soliciting to murder McGurk.

masks: McGurk McGurk


title: Murder of Michael McGurk

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 Police alleged that Medich was the mastermind of the murder plot.Police arrested Medich at his solicitor's office and it was reported that Gattellari agreed to give evidence against Medich in defence of his own conspiracy charges. It was also reported that Safetli was prepared to give evidence against Medich. Despite Medich offering to put up $1 million in surety and his younger brother Roy Medich offering $500,000 in cash, bail was refused. A few days later, Medich was charged with murder of McGurk. Much media attention was made of Medich's fall from grace, as he spent a little under two months in solitary confinement whilst in custody, before being released on conditional bail. In a 2013 committal hearing, Medich pleaded not guilty to the murder of McGurk, and pleaded not guilty to a charge of intimidation in relation to McGurk's wife. A trial date of August 2014 was set, before Justice Megan Latham.Convictions
In April 2013, 'Lucky' Gattellari was sentenced by Justice Megan Latham at the NSW Supreme Court to a maximum of 10 years. He was eligible for parole on 13 April 2018 and, after the NSW Parole Board refused parole, Gattellari lodged an appeal against the decision. Gattellari is facing further charges, together with Roger Rogerson and Glen McNamara, for allegedly attempting to extort Medich. Kaminic was sentenced to a minimum 2½ years in jail and a maximum of 4½ and was eligible for parole in November 2017. In April 2013 Estephan was sentenced by Justice <mask> to a maximum of 6 years and 5 months' jail, with a minimum non-parole period of 5 years. He was eligible for parole on 12


title: Anne Stevenson

texts: <mask> (January 3, 1933 – September 14, 2020) was an American-British poet and writer and recipient of a Lannan Literary Award. <mask> was the first daughter of <mask> and philosopher <mask> and was born in Cambridge, England, where Charles was studying philosophy. The family returned to America when she was six months old, moving to New Haven, Connecticut. She was raised in New England and was educated in Ann Arbor, Michigan, where her father was a professor of philosophy. Her father was a devoted pianist and lover of poetry and her mother wrote fiction and was a talented storyteller. <mask> learnt piano and cello and she assumed until she was 19 that she would be a professional musician. She studied music and languages, at the University of Michigan, where she began to lose her hearing; she prepared to be a writer instead.Obtaining her bachelor's degree in 1954 and graduating with honours, she returned to the UK where she lived the rest of her life. <mask> married a childhood friend but her romantic ideals dissolved and the marriage was not a success. She noted that "it took me two unhappy marriages and three children to make me reconsider my assumptions." In the 1960s she lived and wrote in Cambridge, Glasgow, Dundee and Oxford. She was writer in residence at the University of Dundee and co-founded Other Poetry (magazine) with Evangeline Patterson. In 1979, with Michael Farley, she started The Poetry Bookshop in Hay-on-Wye and in 1982 she moved to Sunderland, then Durham, where she lived with her husband Peter Lucas. As of 2011 she had six grandchildren.<mask> was the author of over a dozen volumes of poetry, of some books of essays and literary

masks:
Anne Stevenson
Life Stevenson
Louise Destler Stevenson
Charles Stevenson
Stevenson
Stevenson
Stevenson


title: Anne Stevenson

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 criticism, of a controversial biography of the American poet Sylvia Plath, Bitter Fame: A Life of Sylvia Plath (1989), and two critical studies of Elizabeth Bishop. <mask> used a hearing aid; several of her poems (including "Hearing with my Fingers" and "On Going Deaf") refer to her experience of deafness. Alfred Hickling at the Guardian reviewed <mask>'s work:
To arrive at a true understanding of <mask>'s poetry, you have to go deep. In fact, the Deep is a very good place to start. Jutting into the Humber estuary like a vast steel fin, the Deep is Hull's impressive new aquatic attraction – where you expect to find tropical fish rather than topical poetry – yet the first thing the visitor sees, before descending to the bottom of Europe's deepest tank, is a line by <mask>: "The sea is as near as we come to another world. "<mask> also wrote the poem "The Miracle of Camp 60". It is a description of the Italian Chapel on the Orkney Island of Lamb Holm in 1992, from the perspective of a fictive Italian ex-POW.'The miracle of Camp 60' is also used to refer directly to the Chapel in some cases. <mask> died from heart failure on September 14, 2020, at the age of 87. Awards
1955 Major Hopwood Award for Poetry
1990 Athena Alumnae Award from the University of Michigan. 1995 Cholmondeley Award
2002 inaugural winner of the Northern Rock Foundation Writer's Award
2007 Lannan Lifetime Achievement Award
2007 The Neglected Masters Award from the Poetry Foundation of America
2007 Taylor-Aiken Poet of the Year award from the University of the South in Tennessee
2008 Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from the University of Michigan. Books
 Living in America: Poems. Ann

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Anne Stevenson
Stevenson
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Stevenson


title: Anne Stevenson

texts: Arbor, MI: Generation Press, 1965. Elizabeth Bishop.New York: Twayne, 1966; London: Collins, 1967. Reversals. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1969. Travelling Behind Glass: Selected Poems, 1963–1973. London & New York: Oxford University Press, 1974. Correspondences:  A Family History in Letters. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1974; London: Oxford University Press, 1974.Cliff Walk: A Poem, with a drawing by <mask>. Richmond, Surrey:  Keepsake Press, 1977. 180 copies. Enough of Green. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1977. A Morden Tower Reading. Newcastle upon Tyne: Morden Tower, 1977.Sonnets for Five Seasons. Herefordshire: Five Seasons Press, 1979. 250 copies. Green Mountain, Black Mountain. Boston: Rowan Tree Press, 1982. Minute by Glass Minute. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1982.New Poems. Leamington Spa: Bath Place Community Arts Press, 1982. 100 copies. A Legacy. Durham: Taxus, 1983. 350 copies. Making Poetry.Oxford: Pisces Press, 1983. 200 copies. Black Grate Poems. Oxford: Inky Parrot Press, 1984. 360 copies. The Fiction-makers. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.Selected Poems, by Frances Bellerby, edited by <mask> London:  Enitharmon Press, 1986. Winter Time. London: Mid-Northumberland Arts Group, 1986. Selected Poems, 1956–1986. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987. 1985 Anthology:  The Observer and Ronald Duncan Foundation International Poetry Competition, ed. with Amy Clampitt and Craig Raine.Beaworthy: Arvon Foundation, 1987. Bitter Fame:  A Life of Sylvia Plath London: Viking, 1989; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1989. The Other House. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. Four and a

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Anne Newnham
Stevenson


title: Anne Stevenson

texts:
 Half Dancing Men. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. The Gregory Anthology 1991–1993, edited by <mask> and Dannie Abse.London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1994. The Collected Poems of <mask>, 1955–1995. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Five Looks at Elizabeth Bishop. London: Bellew, 1998. . Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2006. Between the Iceberg and the Ship: Selected Essays. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1998.Granny Scarecrow. Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2000. A Report from the Border: New & Rescued Poems, Bloodaxe Books, 2003,
 Poems 1955–2005. Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2005. A Lament For The Makers (Clutag Press, 2006)
 Stone Milk. Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2007. Selected Poems edited with an introduction by Andrew Motion,  Library of America, 2008
 Astonishment.Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2012. In the Orchard. Enitharmon Editions, 2016. About Poems and how poems are not about: Newcastle/Bloodaxe Poetry Lectures. Hexham: Bloodaxe Books, 2017. Completing the Circle. Hexham: Bloodaxe Books, 2020.References

External links
Profile and poems at Poetry archive
<mask>'s website
"Rising to the Surface of Language", Poetic Mind, Gil Dekel. "Interview with <mask>", Cortland Review, November 2000

  The Hopwood Poets Revisited: Eighteen Major Award Winners;" features an original essay by <mask>, in the form of a letter to anthology editor Donald Beagle, recalling the impact and aftermath of her Hopwood "Major Poetry" Award at the University of Michigan, and featuring reflections on the role of poets and the status of poetry in academia. 1933 births
2020 deaths
American women poets
University of Michigan alumni
English women poets
21st-century

masks:
Stevenson
Anne Stevenson
Anne Stevenson
Anne Stevenson
Anne Stevenson


title: John Gallucci Jr.

texts:
<mask>. is a physical therapist/athletic trainer. <mask> was the President and Founder of JAG Physical Therapy and is currently the CEO of JAG-ONE Physical Therapy, a comprehensive orthopedic physical therapy company with locations throughout New Jersey and New York. He currently serves as the Medical Coordinator for Major League Soccer where he assists in the writing and executing of the league's medical policies and procedures for over 600 professional soccer players throughout 24 MLS cities. <mask> has appeared as a medical expert on ESPN's Outside the Lines, MSG Varsity, The Star-Ledger, and many other radio and television stations, newspapers, and magazines. His charitable efforts have included a leading role in fundraisers for Saint Barnabas Health Care System, The Valerie Fund, The LaConti Child Life Fund, the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, and the American Cancer Society. He supports more than 30 high school and college teams and athletic clubs. He currently resides in Chatham, New Jersey.Early life

<mask> was born in Brooklyn, New York and attended the Monsignor Farrell High School where he was inducted into the school's Hall of Fame in 2010. He went on to study at Long Island University in Brooklyn, New York where he graduated with his master's degree in Sports Science and Athletic Training. <mask> furthered his education at Dominican College in Orangeburg, New York where he completed his Masters and Doctorate in Physical Therapy. In 2018, <mask> was named Dominican College's Person of the Year and was the first alumnus to receive this honor. Career

After graduating from Long Island University, <mask> accepted a position as an athletic trainer at New York University, where he spent five years. During his time at NYU, <mask> developed a long-standing relationship with New York Knicks player Cal Ramsey. Through that relationship, he was offered a position working with the New York Knicks as a Medical Coordinator, where he was responsible for covering the franchise's summer youth programs under the supervision of New York Knicks Head Athletic Trainer

masks:
John Gallucci Jr
John
John
Gallucci
John
John
Gallucci
Gallucci


title: John Gallucci Jr.

texts: Mike Saunders.He spent the next six years working for the franchise under the leadership of President Ernie Grunfeld and Vice President Ed Tapscott. During his time with the Knicks, <mask> gained valuable experience in the world of NBA basketball, working with <mask>, Allan Houston, Anthony Mason, Greg Anthony, Herb Williams, and Anthony Bonner, and others. <mask>'s experience in the National Basketball Association made him a shoo-in at Columbia University as an athletic trainer for their basketball program under current Los Angeles Clippers assistant Armond Hill, who at the time was head coach of the Ivy League school. After leaving Columbia, <mask> completed his Master's and Doctorate in Physical Therapy and began to serve as Head Athletic Trainer/Physical Therapist for many organizations including the New York Red Bulls, the Prudential Center, New Jersey Storm Lacrosse, New Jersey Pride Lacrosse, and New York Athletic Club Wrestling. At the Red Bulls, he worked hand in hand with United States Men's National Soccer Team Coach Bob Bradley to keep players such as Tim Howard, Tab Ramos, Tony Meola, Michael Bradley, Clint Mathis, Daniel Hernandez and <mask>c on the field and at the top of their game. He assists with medical coordination at New Jersey's entertainment venue, Prudential Center, where he has overseen care of Britney Spears, the Spice Girls, The Black Eyed Peas, Katy Perry, Usher, Keith Urban, Taylor Swift, R. Kelly, and Cirque du Soleil, making him a resource for the Northeast Corridor as the "Rock Doc". Along with his work in sports and entertainment, <mask> has consulted on injury prevention for major corporations such as UPS, Continental Airlines, Delta, and Calandra Enterprises.He also stints as a Director at the Saint Barnabas Medical Center, currently known as Barnabas Health. <mask>'s experiences have led him around the world treating a variety of patients and athletes, as well as some of the United States' wealthiest people, sitting on the Forbes list of billionaires and the Forbes 400. <mask> currently serves as the Medical Coordinator of

masks:
Gallucci
John Starks
Gallucci
Gallucci
John Wolynie
Gallucci
Gallucci
Gallucci


title: John Gallucci Jr.

texts:
 Major League Soccer, a professional soccer league based in the United States and sanctioned by the United States Soccer Federation (U.S. Soccer). The league comprises 24 teams, 21 in the U.S., and three in Canada. MLS represents the top tier of the American and Canadian soccer pyramids, featuring world-renowned superstars David Beckham, Landon Donovan, Thierry Henry, and Rafael Márquez. <mask>'s experience and knowledge assists in the writing and executing of the league's medical policies and procedures for over 600 professional athletes throughout the 24 MLS cities. He has also consulted with Soccer United Marketing and CONCACAF to coordinate medical care for venues all over the United States, Canada, and parts of South America.spelling assists in the organization of the MLS Medical Meeting and the MLS College Combine as well as coordinates the care for the MLS Championships and the league's All Star Game. In 2014, <mask> Jr. wrote his first book, Soccer Injury Prevention and Treatment: A Guide to Optimal Performance for Players, Parents, and Coaches. The book is a comprehensive, illustrated guide to the best training, strengthening, stretching, nutrition, and hydration regimes to keep players safe and on the field. His second book, titled "Play Ball: Don’t Let Injuries Sideline You This Season" co-authored with the New York Yankees head team physician Dr. Christopher Ahmad was released on May 1, 2018. Founding of JAG Physical Therapy

<mask>'s passion for treating and helping patients led him to build JAG Physical Therapy, a comprehensive orthopedic and sports physical therapy practice providing care for Workers' Compensation cases, Medicare patients, and general orthopedic and soft tissue injuries. <mask>'s education and years of experience in the medical and sport medicine realm have provided a foundation for JAG Physical Therapy's expertise in patient care. JAG Physical Therapy features eighteen  state-of-the-art rehabilitation facilities located in Cedar Knolls, Hackensack, Warren, Union, Woodbridge, Princeton, Old Bridge, Fairfield, Holmdel, Chatham,

masks:
John
John Gallucci
Gallucci
John


title: John Gallucci Jr.

texts:
 Brick, Wayne, Jersey City and West Orange, New Jersey and New York City, Hawthorne, Sleepy Hollow and Yonkers, New York.The staff at JAG Physical Therapy pride themselves on providing top-notch orthopedic rehabilitation services for patients of all ages. Some services include Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Cybex Fitness and Rehabilitation Equipment, Nutritional Consultation, Massage Therapy, Individual Post-Rehab Programs, Return to Sport Programs, Back School, Prevention of Injury Programs, and Lower Extremity Strengthening System. At JAG, the motto is "treat people how you would want to be treated" and the staff at JAG Physical Therapy remain dedicated to the goals of their patients and the goals in which they set for themselves. The reputation of JAG Physical Therapy has made it a leader in outpatient physical therapy care, attracting a wide range of clients which include police, firemen, prestigious business owners, politicians, professional athletes such as baseball legend Yogi Berra and NHL superstars Zach Parise, Dainius Zubrus, Jay Pandolfo, and Matt Taormina, in addition to people from all walks of life. JAG Physical Therapy offers athletic training services throughout the New York/Tri-state Area for a variety of major athletic clubs, schools, and organizations. Athletic trainers have been provided to the prestigious New York Athletic Club, NJSA, Parsippany Soccer Club, the Catholic High School Athletic Association, TSF Academy, Lifetime Fitness and PDA. Press

He has been featured on ESPN's Award Winning " Outside the Lines " along with appearances on MSG Varsity, NY1, News 12 New Jersey, and the MLS Network to name a few.<mask> currently serves as an expert on MedHelp. org's Physical Therapy forum and is a public speaker. Charitable contributions

<mask> has assisted in raising hundreds of thousands of dollars for a number of different charities and organizations. <mask> is a supporter of The Valerie Fund, The Barnabas Foundation, The Matthew J. Morahan III Memorial Health Assessment Center for Athletes, the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, The

masks: Gallucci Gallucci John


title: John Gallucci Jr.

texts:
 LaConti Child Life Fund, The ALS Association, The Janet Fund, and the American Cancer Society. <mask>, along with the entire JAG Physical Therapy staff, spearhead the Valerie Fund Walk & JAG Physical Therapy 5K Run to provide support for the comprehensive health care of children with cancer and blood disorders. The Valerie Fund Children's Centers comprise the largest network of healthcare facilities for children with cancer and blood disorders in New Jersey, and one of the largest in the nation. Since its inception, the walk has raised over 1.5 million dollars and continues to grow each year.Soccer Injury Prevention and Treatment

Soccery Injury Prevention and Treatment: A Guide to Optimal Performance for Players, Parents, and Coaches is <mask> Jr.'s first book. Written by <mask>, including a foreword by Tab Ramos former National Team/MLS player and Youth National Team Coach, the book is a guide for student athletes, weekend warriors, and professional players alike. The book includes several topics on how to prevent injuries which includes but not limited to: treating more than thirty common soccer injuries, identifying a concussion and knowing when it is safe to return to play, understanding and preventing injuries prevalent in young athletes, creating a nutrition plan for energy and strength, and building endurance, flexibility, and power while protecting your body from harm. The book has received positive reviews: Don Garber, Commissioner of Major League Soccer stated, "An important resource for soccer players of all ages and abilities," Tony Meola, US Soccer Hall of Fame goalkeeper said, "As a former athlete, coach, and a parent, this book is a must read! ", and Larry Lemak, Medical Director of Major League Soccer said, "An excellent book! Gives readers a wealth of information about common soccer injuries and more importantly, proactive preventive measures." The book is currently available on both Amazon, and Barnes & Noble.Testimonials

"<mask> and the staff at JAG Physical Therapy are so thorough and encouraging. I have made great progress in my

masks:
John
John Gallucci
Gallucci
John Gallucci


title: John Gallucci Jr.

texts:
 recovery because of the therapists at JAG. Thanks for everything." Zach Parise, NHL Hockey Player

"JAG Physical Therapy is the best. You never want to get hurt, but these guys do a great job getting athletes back on the ice or the field as quickly as possible. It's a very upbeat, motivating environment." Matt Taormina, NHL Hockey Player

"It ain't over 'til it's over, and for me it ain't over yet.I still love to play golf, and my back was so tight I couldn't swing a club. After a month with <mask>, I was able to play 18 holes six days in a row. I may be 82, but I still want to play, and JAG Physical Therapy got me back on the course." Yogi Berra, Major League Baseball Legend

"JAG Physical Therapy is a group of professionals who are dedicated and committed to the goals of their patients but also with the goals which they set for themselves. The owner, Giovanni (<mask>) <mask>, is determined to produce outstanding therapists and trainers. He is also committed to providing superior level of care." Armond Hill, Assistant Coach, Boston Celtics, Former NBA Player, Atlanta Hawks

"<mask> and JAG PT have done a tremendous job keeping me on the field throughout my career with the United States National Soccer Team, the MetroStars, and now with the New Jersey Ironmen indoor soccer team.I have also trusted <mask> to treat members of my immediate family, including my mom, Mrs. Meola. JAG is second to none." Tony Meola, All-Pro Soccer Goalkeeper

"<mask> is truly outstanding at what he does. Trainers are always on the hot seat to get a player back into the game and <mask> is great at expediting that process, but preventing injuries is equally as important and he always helped us take the field stretched, strong, and ready to play. I have high regard for <mask>'s ability and character and wish him luck with JAG Physical Therapy." Tab Ramos, Former Professional and Olympic Soccer Star

References

External links
 JAG Physical Therapy website
 JAG Pediatric Therapy website

1967 births
Living people
People from Brooklyn
American sports coaches
Sports coaches from New

masks:
John Gallucci
John
Anthony Gallucci
John Gallucci
John
John Gallucci
John
John


title: Richard E. Ellsworth

texts:
Brigadier General <mask> (July 18, 1911 – March 18, 1953) was a United States Air Force commander during the early part of the Cold War. Ellsworth Air Force Base near Rapid City, South Dakota, is named in his honor. Early life
Born in Erie, Pennsylvania, <mask> joined the Pennsylvania National Guard in 1929. In 1931 he was accepted into the U.S. Military Academy (West Point) and after graduation in June 1935, he underwent pilot training as a second lieutenant at Randolph and Kelly fields in San Antonio, Texas. <mask> was assigned to squadron duties in October 1936 at Mitchel Field on Long Island in New York. The army promoted him to first lieutenant in June 1938 and transferred him back to Kelly Field and later to the Sacramento Air Depot in California. He spent time studying meteorology at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, graduating with a master's degree.He received promotion to captain in October 1940, and by December 1941, <mask> was a major and by February 1942 a lieutenant colonel. World War II
In the spring of 1942, <mask> was reassigned to transport pilot duty in Alaska. Later that year, he was sent to study weather-related phenomena in the South Pacific, where he was promoted to full colonel in December. Beginning in July 1943, as commander of the Tenth Weather Region, he flew more than 400 combat missions in the China-Burma-India Theater, logging a total of 780 hours for the 10th and 14th Air Forces. For his heroics, he received battle stars for eight different campaigns, and further distinguished himself earning the Legion of Merit, two Distinguished Flying Crosses, three Air Medals, and even the Chinese Air Force Wings. Cold War
After the war, <mask> returned stateside for reassignment as Chief of Operations and Training for the Air Weather Service in Washington. He later commanded the 308th Reconnaissance Group at Morrison Field, Florida as well as the Fairfield-Suisun Air Force Base in California.In July 1950, <mask> graduated from the Air War

masks:
Richard Elmer Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth


title: Richard E. Ellsworth

texts:
 College at Maxwell Air Force Base in Alabama and was reassigned Chief of Plans for the 2nd Air Force at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. Colonel <mask> was assigned as the wing commander 28th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing at Rapid City Air Force Base in southwestern South Dakota in 1950. In September 1952, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. Retired squadron maintenance officers at the base remember <mask> as an unusual, hands-on commander, who would sometimes assist mechanics working late into the night in efforts to ready aircraft. In 1952, <mask> befriended Hollywood producer Herman Cohen during the filming of Battles of Chief Pontiac. The picture was shot on-location in western South Dakota, using Lakota Indians from a nearby reservation to portray the Native Americans. General <mask> allowed personnel from the base to act as extras in the film, portraying British and Hessian troops.<mask> sent out Air Force water trucks to assist the production crew. General <mask>'s three sons were allowed to visit the set and meet the actors. Death

On March 18, 1953, <mask> was co-piloting a Convair RB-36H Peacemaker bomber on a 25-hour journey as part of a simulated combat mission flying from Lajes, Azores back to the Rapid City base. As part of their exercise, the bomber's crew was observing radio silence and had switched off their radar guidance, flying via celestial navigation. They had planned to fly low over the ocean, steadily increasing to higher altitudes before reaching the mountainous countryside of Newfoundland. Late into the night, the aircraft struck bad weather and went off course, reaching Newfoundland 90 minutes earlier than planned. At 4:10 am near Burgoyne's Cove, inland from Nut Cove, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, with sleet, fog, freezing drizzle, and visibility estimated at less than , the plane struck an  hill at  with a ground speed of .The aircraft's propellers severed the tops of pine trees while the plane's left wing hit the ground, tore off, and

masks: Ellsworth Ellsworth Ellsworth Ellsworth Ellsworth Ellsworth Ellsworth


title: Richard E. Ellsworth

texts:
 spilled fuel. The rest of the plane impacted some thousand feet (300 m) further. The impact and subsequent fire from the plane's fuel tanks scorched an  trench in the countryside. Loggers on a nearby hill spotted the fireball and alerted rescuers, but all 23 on board were killed on impact. That same night, a Boeing SB-29 Superfortress search and rescue plane was sent out to assist in search efforts, but crashed  west in

In the aftermath of the crash, an accident investigation board recommended new procedures to scan more frequently for approaching high terrain and to climb to safer altitudes before approaching within  of a water-land boundary. President <mask> personally went to the Rapid City base and renamed it Ellsworth Air Force Base, to honor the general

<mask>, age 41, was buried in South Dakota, at Black Hills National Cemetery near Sturgis. Crash site
The remote crash site is one of only two B-36 crash sites still remaining (the other is in Alaska).Wreckage is strewn across  of terrain, and remains today where it landed. The site is located about a forty-minute hike away from the nearest parking area. A nearby memorial features a propeller from the bomber, and a bronze plaque listing the names of the deceased crewmembers. The location of the crash site is at approximately ()

References

External links
U.S. Air Force biography
West Point Association of Graduates – <mask>, 1935
Geni.com – Brig. Gen. <mask> <mask>

1911 births
1953 deaths
People from Erie, Pennsylvania
United States Air Force generals
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Air Medal
People from Rapid City, South Dakota
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in Canada
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
United States Army Air Forces officers
United States Military Academy alumni
Accidental deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1953
Military personnel from

masks:
Eisenhower
Elworth
Richard Ellsworth
Richard Elmer
Ellsworth


title: Nikolay Drozdov

texts:
<mask> (; born 20 June 1937) is a Russian doctor of biological sciences, candidate of geographical sciences, zoological sciences, professor of Moscow State University, a public figure, member of the expert council of the national award "Crystal Compass," a member of the media council of the Russian Geographical Society. Drozdov has worked on the Russian show In the World of Animals for over 50 years beginning in 1968. He served as a commentator, and then in 1977 became a writer on the show and an anchor. He is a recipient of The Golden Orpheus TV award. In the World of Animals won the TEFI award as the best popular scientific program in 1995. Drozdov was elected to the Russian TV Academy in 1996. Drozdov is a recipient of the Kalinga Prize as well as the  UNESCO Albert Einstein medal (gold).He has written 20 books and numerous articles, and is an ecology adviser to the UN Secretary General. Biography
<mask> Nikolaevich was born in Moscow, into a family of scientists. His father, <mask> Sergeevich <mask> (1902—1963), was Professor of Organic Chemistry at the 2nd Moscow State Medical Institute. His mother, Nadezhda Pavlovna Dreyling (1906—1993), was a physician at the 5th city hospital in Moscow and was assistant to academician P. E. Lukomskiy . The great-grandfather on the mother's side is Ivan Romanovich von Dreyling,  from an old Tyrolean and then, a Russian noble family. He was a cuirassier officer, at the age of 17 he participated in the Battle of Borodino, was an orderly of the  Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov, and then, went to Paris and participated in the battles, was awarded the Order of St. Anna of II degree and St. Vladimir of IV degree with a bow, kept a detailed diary of combat actions, stored in

masks:
Nikolay Nikolaievich Drozdov
Nikolay
Nikolay
Drozdov


title: Nikolay Drozdov

texts:
 award as the “Best Educational Program”. Author and co-author of many documentaries and videos about nature and animals: the series “By the pages of the Red Book”, “Rare animals”, “Standards of the biosphere” (ordered by UNESCO) and the others. In the early and mid-2000s, he translated and voiced BBC documentaries the “Wildlife”. The largest work is the 6-episode documentary Realms of the ”Russian Bear” (1988–1992), developed jointly with the natural history department of the BBC. He was repeatedly a member of the jury of the Pop scientific film and television festivals about animals and the nature of Great Britain and Italy. In 2003 and 2004, he took part in the reality show “Last Hero” (fourth and fifth editions). Participated in the special edition of the What?Where? When? ” program dated April 1, 2005 (on the 10th anniversary of the first broadcast at the Channel One Russia ) as part of the team of hosts of those years, as well as in the  KVN (in the second semi-final of the Higher League, in the fall of 2014). In 2005, he starred together with Nikas Safronov in the reality TV show “Rublevka. Live » (NTV)). In 2008, he was the host of the program “In the world of people” at the Channel One Russia, but it did not last long, but caused a lot of negative emotions and criticism. In 2014, he led the program “The Alphabet of the Forest” on the “Children's Radio”, in which he read N. Sladkov's stories about nature.References

External links

 World of Animals TV show with <mask> Drozdov. <mask> <mask> on History of Russia in Photographs site. Russian broadcasters
Russian naturalists
1937 births
Moscow State University alumni
Kalinga Prize recipients
Living people
Soviet television presenters
Russian television

masks: Nikolay Nikolay Drozdov


title: Jim Devine

texts:
<mask> (born 21 May 1953) is a former Member of Parliament. He was the Labour Party member for Livingston from 2005 until 2010 and Chairman of the Scottish Labour Party between 1994 and 1995. On 16 June 2009, following the 2009 expenses scandal, he was barred by the Labour Party from seeking re-election at the 2010 general election, after reports he claimed expenses for work on his home from a non-existent firm. He was convicted of false accounting on 10 February 2011 and sentenced to 16 months' imprisonment on 31 March 2011. Early life
<mask> was born and brought up in Blackburn, West Lothian and was educated in Bathgate. He served as the election agent for Livingston Constituency Labour Party and the local MP Robin Cook from the 1983 general election until Cook died in 2005. From 1994 to 1995 he was the Chairman of the Scottish Labour Party.Prior to his election, <mask> worked as a full-time trade union official for the Confederation of Health Service Employees (COHSE) and then as Head of Health in the Scottish Region of the public sector union after UNISON was formed in 1993. Before becoming a trade union official <mask> was a mental health nurse, having trained and worked at Bangour Village Hospital in Dechmont. Parliamentary career
He was selected to succeed Robin Cook as the Labour Party candidate in the ensuing 2005 Livingston by-election following Cook's sudden death. He won, defeating his SNP rival though Labour's majority was reduced by more than 10,000 votes. He made his maiden speech in the House of Commons on 25 October 2005. He served as the Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Health Minister Rosie Winterton until he resigned in protest at the decision to replace Trident. He was also a member of the Science and Technology as well as the Scottish Affairs Select Committees.In October 2010, <mask>'s former office manager Marion Kinley won a complaint of unfair dismissal and breach of contract against him. An employment tribunal ruled that Devine had subjected Kinley to "a course of bullying and

masks:
James Devine
Devine
Devine
Devine
Devine


title: Jim Devine

texts:
 harassment". During the hearing, Devine was accused of perpetrating a hoax suggesting that newspapers were investigating the two of them. He was said to have used a friend, Fiona Fox, to pose as an investigative journalist. Compensation of £35,000 was ordered to be paid. On <mask>'s failure to pay the compensation of £35,000, bankruptcy proceedings were instituted against him and he was adjudicated bankrupt on 23 February 2011. MPs' expenses

On 2 June 2009, Devine was referred to the Labour Party's 'star committee' with a status of 'urgent' in connection with allegations involving expense claims submitted for a company that never existed.He had gained the backing of his local party members a week prior to the hearing, but the panel unanimously recommended he should be deselected. He was thereafter barred from standing as a candidate for the Labour Party in the next UK general election. Prosecution and conviction
On 5 February 2010 it was announced that Devine was to be prosecuted over his expense claims. The former Livingston MP initially faced two charges under section 17 of the Theft Act 1968 of false accounting. The first charge alleged that between July 2008 and April 2009 Devine dishonestly claimed £3,240 for cleaning services using false invoices. The second charge alleged that in March 2009 Devine dishonestly claimed £5,505 for stationery using false invoices. He denied the charges, though in a live Channel 4 interview when questioned: "So you got a receipt from somebody you were paying as a member of staff, and submitted it as stationery?"by journalist Krishnan Guru-Murthy, Devine replied: "Yes. This was allowed at the time." On 27 May 2010 <mask>, Elliot Morley, David Chaytor and Lord Hanningfield (Paul White) appeared at Southwark Crown Court for a preliminary hearing. They faced charges of false accounting under the Theft Act. <mask>'s trial began on 2 February 2011. The indictment he faced ultimately included three counts of false accounting under the Theft Act 1968. On 10 February 2011 he was found

masks: Devine Devine Devine


title: Jim Devine

texts:
 guilty on two counts of false accounting (relating to false claims for a total of £8,385) but not guilty on another count (relating to £360).Sentencing was adjourned for four weeks. On 31 March 2011 <mask> was sentenced to 16 months imprisonment. He was released from prison on 1 August 2011 after serving a quarter of his sentence. He was freed under the home detention curfew scheme, under which prisoners who are deemed to pose a low risk are tagged and released early after serving at least a quarter of their sentence. His release was met with anger from groups including the TaxPayers' Alliance. As a result of his conviction and sentence, Devine was automatically expelled from the Labour Party. Personal life
Devine used to live in Blackburn, West Lothian.He is divorced from his wife Liz, and has a daughter and a son. In 2005, Devine admitted to a number of affairs and a conviction for drink driving. After his release from prison, Devine moved to Killarney, Ireland to start a new life. See also
Other Members of Parliament found guilty of fraud during the 2008 expenses scandal:
David Chaytor - Labour MP for Bury North from 1997 to 2010
Eric Illsley - Labour MP for Barnsley Central from 1987 to 2011
Denis MacShane - Labour MP for Rotherham from 1994 to 2012
Margaret Moran - Labour MP for Luton South from 1997 to 2010
Elliot Morley -  Labour MP for Glanford and Scunthorpe from 1987 to 1997 and then Scunthorpe from 1997 to 2010

References

External links
 BBC News – Cook's agent to stand in election

1953 births
Living people
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies
People from Blackburn, West Lothian
Politics of West Lothian
Scottish Labour MPs
Scottish nurses
Scottish Roman Catholics
Scottish trade unionists
UK MPs 2005–2010
Scottish fraudsters
Scottish politicians convicted of crimes
Prisoners and detainees of England and Wales
Scottish prisoners and detainees
British politicians convicted of fraud
Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
21st-century


title: David Nofoaluma

texts:
<mask> (born 28 November 1993) is a Samoa international rugby league footballer who plays on the  for the Wests Tigers in the NRL. He has played at representative level for the Prime Minister's XIII and New South Wales City. Background
<mask> was born in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. He is of Samoan descent. <mask> played his junior football for the Campbelltown Warriors and Campbelltown Collegians before being signed by the Wests Tigers. In 2010, he played for the Australian Schoolboys and also New South Wales U18's team. In 2011, <mask> again played for the New South Wales U18's team.He played for the Tigers' NYC team in 2011 and 2012, scoring a try as a member of the 2012 Grand Final winning team. On 23 May 2012, <mask> re-signed with the Tigers on a two-year contract. Playing career

2013
In round 10, <mask> made his NRL debut for the Tigers against the South Sydney Rabbitohs on the wing in the 54–10 loss at ANZ Stadium. The next week against the North Queensland Cowboys at Leichhardt Oval, <mask> scored a match-winning try as the Tigers prevailed 22–20. In his third appearance in round 13 against the Penrith Panthers, <mask> scored two tries in the first half in the 20–18 win. In Round 20, <mask> gained attention for a try he scored against the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles. Leaping for a Benji Marshall cross-field bomb, Nofoaluma caught the ball before being shoved by Manly winger Jorge Tafua.With most of his body in the air over the dead-in-goal line, <mask> managed to place the ball down for what was described as, "arguably the most acrobatic try of the past decade." It was awarded the Dally M Try of the Year. In total, <mask> scored

masks:
David Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma
Nofoaluma


title: David Nofoaluma

texts:
 eight tries from his fifteen appearances in 2013, and was described as, "a revelation on the flank." Despite his limited appearances, he was sixth in the competition for tackle-busts throughout the season. He was named by Phil Gould as one of the rookies of the year. 2014
After missing round 1 with a hamstring injury, <mask> returned in round 2, scoring a try in the Tigers 42–12 win. On 11 April, <mask> re-signed with Wests Tigers, keeping him at the club till the end of the 2017 season.In April, he was named in the Samoan team to play against Fiji in the 2014 Pacific Rugby League International to qualify for the 2014 Four Nations. He was later ruled out with a knee injury and replaced by Young Tonumaipea. In Round 18, Nofoaluma suffered a season ending anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) knee injury. He scored 7 tries from 15 matches in 2014. 2015
After undergoing off-season surgery on his knee, Nofoaluma returned from the injury via the Wests Tigers NSW Cup side. A subsequent ankle injury meant he did not return to first grade until Round 10. With team-mate Chris Lawrence moving to the second-row, Nofoaluma played some games at centre before swapping positions with Kevin Naiqama and returning to his regular position of winger.<mask> played in 10 games and scored 6 tries for the season. On 26 September, he represented the Prime Minister's XIII against Papua New Guinea, playing on the wing. He scored two tries in the 40–12 win. 2016
<mask> scored three tries in the opening two rounds of the season. In May, he was a late selection for City, but only lasted five minutes in the match before being replaced after suffering a head knock. Missing just one

masks: Nofoaluma Nofoaluma Nofoaluma Nofoaluma


title: David Nofoaluma

texts:
 game for Wests Tigers, he was the team's joint leader for tries scored, with a career-best 14 and led the entire competition with 134 tackle breaks. He said, "I think it was the best year of my career, for sure.I was really happy with how I went. It was exciting to know what I can do when I get more games into me. I felt better and better as each game went on and I think I was playing my best footy at the end of the year, which was really pleasing." Coach Jason Taylor named <mask> the club's best player for the second half of the season. At the end of the year, <mask> made his international debut for Samoa, playing fullback in an historic test match against Fiji in Apia. 2017
Nofoaluma received high praise for the first game of the year, with the Daily Telegraph saying, "Playing as if he needed to break 200 metres to get paid, Nofoaluma eventually churned through 211 while also creating several opportunities, through his seven tackle breaks and two line breaks, that would eventually lead to points for others. Hell, the Tigers No.2 even offloaded—yes, offloaded—five times." In April, it was announced that <mask> had re-signed with the Wests Tigers on a four-year contract. Weeks later, he suffered an injury that required groin and hernia surgery, but played on for the remainder of the season. He said, "I couldn't do certain movements. Even when sitting up, I couldn't get out of bed; I had to roll out. I could have had the operation straight away, but there was no depth in the team, and Ivan needed me out there." <mask> finished the regular season in the NRL's top five performers for metres gained, tackle-breaks and offloads.He led the Wests Tigers in


title: David Nofoaluma

texts:
 these fields and was also their leader for line-breaks. He was the only player to play in all 24 games for Wests Tigers, scoring 8 tries. At season's end, he was named as a winger in the Rugby League Players Association Dream Team. 2018
Despite his achievements in 2017, <mask> was a surprise exclusion for round 1, with Corey Thompson chosen ahead of him on the right wing. Playing reserve grade, he scored two tries. <mask> said, "It was one of the biggest shocks of my career so far. But in saying that, for me coming out today, even the whole week leading up to this game, it makes you feel like you've got to perform at your best to be at the top with the best."With Tuimoala Lolohea suffering a knee injury, Thompson moved to fullback and <mask> returned his regular spot in the team for round 2. In June, <mask> suffered a calf injury that would see him on the sideline for a month, and had to be helped from the field. He later tweeted. "Disgraced when coming off injured to hear a roosters fan in the crowd say "Nofoaluma you cunt. Your a fucking piece of shit". Hope your satisfied!!" Returning in round 18, he remained in first grade for the remainder of the season, scoring six tries from his eighteen appearances.2019
<mask> suffered a shoulder injury in the preseason and didn't make an appearance in first grade until round 11. He remained in the team for the rest of the year, scoring 8 tries in his 14 games. In round 23, he scored his first ever hat-trick of tries in Wests 46–4 win over the Newcastle Knights at Campbelltown Stadium. 2020
<mask> scored two tries for Wests in round 1 of the 2020 NRL season as the club defeated St. George Illawarra 24–14 at

masks: Nofoaluma Nofoaluma Nofoaluma Nofoaluma Nofoaluma Nofoaluma


title: David Nofoaluma

texts:
 WIN Stadium. After a further 2 tries in round 4, he led the competition with 6 tries, 2 ahead of his closest rival. In round 7, he scored a third double as the Wests Tigers defeated Canterbury-Bankstown 34–6. In round 17, he scored a hat-trick as Wests defeated Manly-Warringah 34-32 at Brookvale Oval, taking him three clear on the NRL's leading try-scorer list for the season.He was still leading the competition with 17 tries coming in to final round of the season, but was surpassed when Kyle Feldt scored 3 tries and then Alex Johnston scored 5. 2021
With the departure of Benji Marshall at the end of 2020, <mask> entered the season as Wests Tigers' long serving player. In round 9, he scored two tries in a 28-36 loss against the Gold Coast at Campbelltown. In round 18 against Brisbane, he scored his 85th and 86th try for the Wests Tigers, becoming their all-time leading try scorer, surpassing the record of 84 held by Marshall and Chris Lawrence. Nofoaluma played in all 24 regular season games, his 13 tries the  most for the club in 2021. He led the competition in offloads, completing 50, and placed 11th for tackle breaks,  and 6th in runs. References

External links

Wests Tigers profile
Tigers profile
NRL profile

1993 births
Living people
Australian people of Samoan descent
Australian rugby league players
Junior Kangaroos players
New South Wales City Origin rugby league team players
Prime Minister's XIII players
Rugby league centres
Rugby league fullbacks
Rugby league players from Newcastle, New South Wales
Rugby league wingers
Samoa national rugby league team players
Western Suburbs Magpies NSW Cup players
Wests Tigers NSW Cup players
Wests Tigers


title: Creed Bratton

texts:
<mask> (born William Charles Schneider, February 8, 1943) is an American actor, singer and musician. A former member of the rock band The Grass Roots, he is best known for playing a fictionalized version of himself on the NBC sitcom The Office, which earned him five nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series. Early life and education
<mask> was born William Charles Schneider in Los Angeles, and grew up in Coarsegold, California, a small town near Yosemite National Park. When Bratton was two, his father died when he was working on an airplane that exploded while he was stationed in Hawaii. His grandparents, mother and father were musicians, and he took a liking to music at a very early age. At 13, he ordered his first guitar from a Sears mail-order catalog. He became a professional musician during his high school and college years.Musical career

Early years
<mask> adopted his new name while on a global excursion as a traveling musician. He traveled through Europe, Africa and the Middle East. He played guitar at a large folk festival in Israel, appearing with his group the Young Californians. Fellow American and guitarist Warren Entner witnessed <mask>'s performance and asked to give him a call when he got back to the United States. In 1966, they formed a partnership and recruited the remaining members needed for their group, the 13th Floor. <mask> played lead guitar, Rick Coonce played drums, Entner played rhythm guitar and Kenny Fukomoto played bass. The Young Californians recorded a demo and sent it to Dunhill, a new record company headed by Lou Adler.The Grass Roots

Producers/songwriters P. F. Sloan and Steve Barri heard the demo and liked it. They needed new band members for a folk-rock group that

masks:
Creed Bratton
Bratton
Bratton
Bratton
Bratton


title: Creed Bratton

texts: they had created in 1965. The 13th Floor lost their bass player to the draft during this time, and quickly recruited Rob Grill, changing the band's name to the "Grass Roots" for prior name recognition. The group went straight to the Top 10 with the song "Let's Live for Today" in 1967 and toured the United States. Iconic hit songs such as "Midnight Confessions" cemented the group's standing as major contributors to the rock-music scene. The Grass Roots had top songwriters offering their best songs to them and wrote many songs themselves. For their major songs, music on the recordings was played by the LA studio musicians known as the Wrecking Crew.<mask> co-wrote the songs "Beatin' Round the Bush", "No Exit" and "Hot Bright Lights", and self-composed "Dinner for Eight" and "House of Stone". He sang lead vocals on "This Precious Time" and "Dinner for Eight". <mask> played with the group on its albums Let's Live for Today, Feelings, Golden Grass (a compilation) and Lovin' Things. Three of the albums charted, and Golden Grass received a gold record certification. He took part in ten of the group's singles, eight of which charted; "Midnight Confessions" received a gold record certification. The Grass Roots played at the Fantasy Fair and Magic Mountain Music Festival on Sunday, June 11, 1967, during the "Summer of Love" as their top-ten hit "Let's Live for Today" was hitting the airwaves. Though the music festival occurred before the Monterey Pop Festival, it was not filmed as was the latter festival (see List of electronic music festivals).On Sunday, October 27, 1968, the group played at the San Francisco Pop Festival and then played at the Los Angeles Pop Festival and Miami Pop Festival in December as the top-ten hit "Midnight Confessions" was becoming popular. In

masks: Bratton Bratton


title: Creed Bratton

texts:
 April 1969, <mask> became frustrated by Dunhill's refusal to allow the band to write its own songs and play the instruments on its records (although the members did play alone at concerts). After a disastrous appearance at the Fillmore West in April 1969, <mask> was asked to leave the band. Solo years
In 2001 and 2002, <mask> released three albums showcasing his solo recordings since the 1960s with the assistance of Peter White. In 2007, he presented an induction award to the Wrecking Crew at the Musicians Hall of Fame. In 2008, he released another album of new music with producer Jon Tiven. In 2010, Bratton released an album titled "Bounce Back" with producer Dave Way.In 2011, <mask> released an album of greatest hits from his first three solo albums, titled "Demo". In 2010 and 2012, Bratton performed live at the SXSW festival. In 2013, <mask> released an original work in three acts as an audio biography titled Tell Me About It. Songs ranged from those recently written to pieces that he had written decades before. Bratton states that he listens to much jazz and classical music. On January 18, 2014, <mask> joined his friend Zachary Scot Johnson for a duet for the 500th consecutive day of the thesongadayproject on YouTube. Acting career

<mask> began to pursue an acting career in 1979.He has appeared in films such as Mask and Heart Like a Wheel. He was a cast member, playing a fictional version of himself, on NBC's Emmy and SAG award-winning The Office. In the episode "Booze Cruise", he speaks about his time with the Grass Roots on a deleted scene. In the series finale, his character is revealed to have been in the Grass Roots as well as committing many crimes. This episode also features <mask> performing his song All The Faces. In 2008, he appeared in a short film

masks: Bratton Bratton Bratton Bratton Bratton Bratton Bratton Bratton


title: Creed Bratton

texts:
 with Kyle Gass titled Just One Of The Gynos, which won an award for best short film at the 2008 Malibu International Film Festival. He appeared in the feature film Labor Pains in 2009.His recent film projects are The Ghastly Love of Johnny X, written, produced and directed by Paul Bunnell; I Am Ben, written, produced and directed by Mathew Brady and Gaelan Connell; and Terri produced by David Guy Levy. Terri was selected by the Sundance Film Festival 2011 to appear in the US dramatic competition. It was one of only 16 films selected from 1,102 submissions to the US dramatic category. In 2012, he appeared as special guest star in Staged with Brandon Olive who appeared with him in Just One Of The Gynos. In 2013, he starred in Saving Lincoln, a biography set during the American Civil War. Filmography

Film

Television

Web

Video games

Discography

Singles

++ - Gold Record - RIAA Certification

Albums

++ - Gold Record - RIAA Certification

References

External links

The-GrassRoots.com - Official Site
<mask> at MySpace
[ Creed at AMG]
Interview with <mask>, Rocker Magazine 2013, about new record, finale of The Office
Interview with <mask>, Submerge Magazine 2015, about his career as an actor and musician

1943 births
Living people
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male singer-songwriters
American folk guitarists
American male guitarists
American rock guitarists
Singer-songwriters from California
Male actors from Los Angeles
People from Coarsegold, California
Guitarists from Los Angeles
20th-century American comedians
21st-century American comedians
20th-century American guitarists
Comedians from California
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American guitarists
21st-century American male singers
21st-century American

masks:
Creed Bratton
Creed Bratton
Creed Bratton


title: Jang Bogo

texts:
<mask> (787–846), childhood name: Gungbok, was a Sillan who rose to prominence in the Later Silla period of Korea as a powerful maritime figure who effectively controlled the Yellow Sea (West Sea), and dominated the trade between Silla, Heian Japan, and Tang China for decades. His impressive fleet of ships was centered in Wando, an island in South Jeolla Province. So influential a figure did <mask> become in late Silla politics that he was granted official office as maritime commissioner of the Cheonghaejin Garrison (on Wando) and came near to marrying his daughter into the Silla Royal House before his assassination in 846. He was worshipped as a god following his death. Early years
<mask> was born as the son of a boatman and his childhood name was Gungbok. Gungbok means a good bow shooter, and he has excelled in martial arts and swam well since he was young. Gungbok, a native of Cheonmin, learned that he could not become a general in Silla, so he moved to Tang Dynasty and joined the army and changed his name to <mask>go.Meanwhile, <mask>, who learned that the Silla people were suffering from pirates, eventually returned to Silla. The tree sources on his life are the Chinese New Book of Tang (Xīn Tángshū), the Japanese Shoku Nihon Kōki (続日本後紀), and the Korean 12th-century Samguk Sagi ("A History of the Three Kingdoms"), which contains a brief biography of <mask> compiled three centuries after his death. The biography relates that <mask> was adept in martial arts and claims that <mask>'s companion Jeong Yeon

masks:
Jang Bogo
Jang
Jang Bogo
Jang Bo
Jang Bogo
Jang
Jang Bogo
Jang


title: Jang Bogo

texts:
 (정년, 鄭年) could swim five li (about 2.5 km) underwater, without taking a breath. The history further records that as young men the two companions, <mask> and Jeong Yeon, traveled to Tang China. Their skills in horsemanship and the handling of spears soon won them military office. They were both named Junior Generals of Wuning District (武寧軍小將) (in what is today Jiangsu province). Rise to power
By the ninth century thousands of Silla subjects were living in Tang, centered mostly around merchant activities in coastal Shandong and Jiangsu provinces, where they established their own Silla communities often led by Silla officials.Wealthy benefactors (including at one point <mask> himself) even established Silla Buddhist temples in the region, as related by the 9th-century Japanese monk Ennin, whose journal constitutes one of the other rare sources on <mask>go. Apparently, while in China <mask> had become incensed at the treatment of his fellow countrymen, who in the unstable milieu of late Tang often fell victim to coastal pirates or inland bandits. In fact, Silla subjects living in Tang had become a favored target of bandits, who sold their captives into slavery. In 823 the Tang emperor went so far as to issue an edict stopping the slave trade and ordering the return of all abducted Koreans to Silla. Shortly after returning to Silla around 825, and by now in possession of a formidable private fleet headquartered at Cheonghae (Wando), <mask> petitioned the Silla king Heungdeok (r. 826-836) to establish a permanent

masks:
Jang Bogo
Jang Bogo
Jang Bo
Jang Bogo
Jang Bogo


title: Jang Bogo

texts:
 maritime garrison to protect Silla merchant activities in the Yellow Sea. Heungdeok agreed and in 828 formally established the Cheonghae (淸海, "clear sea") Garrison at what is today Wando island off Korea's South Jeolla province. The Samguk Sagi further relates that Heungdeok gave <mask> an army of 10,000 men to establish and man the defensive works.The remnants of Cheonghae Garrison can still be seen on Jang islet just off Wando's southern coast. The establishment of Cheonghae garrison marked the apex of <mask>'s career. From that moment he can be viewed in the context of the numerous private warlords arising outside the Silla capital who were often backed by formidable private armies. <mask>'s force, though nominally bequeathed by the Silla king, was effectively under his own control. <mask> became arbiter of Yellow Sea commerce and navigation. Another rare account of <mask> and his garrison comes from the journal of the Japanese monk Ennin (Jikaku), who in 840 made a pilgrimage to Tang in search of Buddhist scriptures and relied upon the maritime abilities of <mask> to reach China and return. The best evidence of <mask>'s now high fortunes is his involvement in the volatile factional politics of the Silla court.Political influence
At the time, <mask>'s backing of his own army allotted him immense power in politics. Militarily, he was powerful enough to overthrow the state and become king himself had he wanted to. He was often hated by the Silla royal family members due to his prominent status and the fact

masks:
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang Bogo


title: Jang Bogo

texts:
 that he was born a commoner, not a nobleman. In 839 <mask> proved instrumental in the seizure of power by Silla's King Sinmu following the overthrow of King Minae. Kim Ujing (later King Sinmu) approached <mask> for help in taking the throne from the usurper who had killed Ujing's father. <mask> is purported to have replied, “The ancients had a saying, ‘To see what is right and not to do it is want of courage.’ Though I am without ability, I shall follow your orders." Thereupon <mask> dispatched a force of 5000 men under the command of his closest companion and adviser Jeong Yeon (who had since also returned from Tang) in support of Sinmu's claim.The success of Sinmu's power grab won <mask> the post of Prime Minister. Death
The account of <mask>'s demise comes from the Samguk Sagi. In 845 <mask> overplayed his hand when he maneuvered to marry his daughter to King Munseong (ruled 839-857), son of Sinmu. Aristocratic factions at court, no doubt fed up with the machinations of <mask> (a man in all likelihood from obscure provincial origins outside Silla's aristocratic order), then plotted to have him killed. The Samguk Yusa, a late 13th century Korean book that mixes history and tales of marvels and popular legend, relates that the Silla king was pressured by aristocrats to deny <mask> his marriage and that as a result <mask> began to conspire against the king. Whether it was the Silla king or the aristocracy that was behind <mask>'s demise is unclear. However, both the Samguk Sagi and Samguk Yusa relate that in

masks:
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang Bogo
Jang Bogo
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang


title: Jang Bogo

texts:
 846 <mask> was assassinated at his Cheonghae garrison headquarters by Yeomjang (염장, 閻長), an emissary from the Silla court who had arrived concealing a knife in his garments.Gaining <mask>'s confidence by pretending he had fled from the Silla capital, he then attacked <mask> as they shared wine. However, the Japanese history book, Shoku Nihon Kōki (續日本後紀) (Later Chronicle of Japan, Continued), gives <mask>'s date of death as 841. In 851 the Cheonghae garrison was disbanded and its troops dispersed. The location of <mask>'s burial spot remains unknown. In Korean Shamanism and Mythology
<mask> was worshipped as a god after his death, especially on the small island of Jangdo. The shamanistic temple on the island worships 'Great General Song'; however, according to the islanders, 'Great General Song' is a title of <mask>go. There is a myth about <mask> ('<mask>') and 'General Eom', <mask>'s son-in-law, retold in the region.General Eom, who was General <mask>'s son-in-law, lived in the Eomnamut Valley. One day, he and General <mask> had a contest; who could first raise a flag on that eastern crag? <mask> transformed into a male pheasant and flew to the crag, but General Eom turned into a falcon and killed and ate General <mask>o Memorial Hall
Jang BoGo Memorial Hall, which is a 2F reinforced concrete structure with a plottage of 14,472m², a building area of 1,739m², and an exhibition space of 730m², has on its ground floor Central Hall, Video Room, Special Exhibition Hall, storage, and lounge and on its second floor

masks:
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang Bogo
Jang Bogo
Jang Bo
Jang Bogo
General Jang
Jang Bogo
Jang
Jang
Jang Bogo
JangG


title: Jang Bogo

texts:
 its permanent exhibition venues of Exhibition Hall 1, Sea Route, and Exhibition Hall 2. Central Hall on 1F displays ‘Trade Ships of Jang BoGo’, which was made to one fourth of the actual size by Director Ma Gwang-nam of Cheonghaejin Ship Institute and donated by Sea King Jang BoGo Memorial Society, and a large wooden mural(8m x 2.2m) entitled ‘Sea King Jang BoGo’, which was created with linden tree by Lu Guangzheng, the Chinese craft art maestro. The permanent exhibition hall on 2F is divided into the four themes of ‘Root’, ’Formation of Cheonghaejin’, ‘Maritime Empire’, and ‘Voyage’, which respectively display relevant exhibits.Visiting hours
 Winter Season 09:00 a.m ~ 06.00 p.m
 Summer Season 09:00 a.m ~ 07.00 p.m

Cultural references
 <mask> and his exploits were the subject of the 1965 South Korean film, <mask>go, directed by Ahn Hyeon-cheol and starring Shin Yeong-gyun and Lee Min-ja. Its English title is <mask>. The South Korean navy named the first of its Type 209 submarines 'Admiral <mask>' in <mask>'s honor. A highly fictionalized account of <mask>'s life was the subject of the 2004 Korean drama Emperor of the Sea, starring Choi Soo-jong as <mask>. In March 2009, the Cheonghae Anti-piracy Unit was formed by the Republic of Korea Navy to combat piracy off the coast of Somalia. The unit is named after Cheonghaejin, the maritime base created by <mask> to combat piracy on the waters of Silla and Tang. In Shenyang, a memorial dedicated to <mask> opened in 2007.In popular culture
 Portrayed by Choi

masks:
Jang Bogo
Jang Bo
Admiral Jang
Chang Bogo
Jang
Jang
Jang Bogo
Jang Bogo
Jang Bogo


title: Jang Bogo

texts:
 Soo-jong and Baek Sung-hyun in the 2004-2005 KBS2 TV series Emperor of the Sea. See also
 Yeom Jang
 Jang Bogo Station
 Cheonghaejin

References

External links
<mask> Bogo - World History Encyclopedia
Chang Po Go festival on Wando Island
ROK Navy profile of <mask> Bogo
Jang BoGo Memorial Hall

Silla people
Silla Buddhists
Korean admirals
Korean generals
846 deaths
787 births
Deaths by

masks: Jang Jang


title: Swami Anand Krishna

texts:
<mask> () is an Indonesian spiritual humanist of ethnic Indian origin and Sindhi descent, who lives in Ubud, Bali. A prolific author and promoter of inter-faith harmony, he was accused of blasphemy by militant Muslim groups after he criticized Islamic conservatives seeking to transform Indonesia into an Islamic state. In 2012, he was sentenced to two and a half years in jail for sexual harassment. He has founded numerous humanitarian initiatives and spiritual establishments, such as the Anand Ashram Foundation and Anand Krishna Centres since 15 December 2006, as well as a Center for Wellbeing and Self-Empowerment in 1991. He promotes a concept of love being the only solution to resolving global problems. Early life, education, and business career
<mask> was born Khrisna Kumar Tolaram Gangtani in Solo, Central Java, on 1 September 1956. He was educated in Lucknow, North India, where he met his first spiritual mentor, Sheikh Baba, who was an ice vendor.<mask> had already learned Sufi poetry and the teachings of Shah Abdul Latief of Sindh, from his father, Tolaram. <mask>'s biodata in several of his  books states that he earned his master's degree from "a reputable university". However, Indonesian media reports note that he received his master's degree from Pacific Southern University, a blacklisted and unaccredited university. In 1999, <mask> received a Cultural Doctorate in Sacred Philosophy from the now-defunct The World University in Benson, Arizona. In 2012, he received a Ph.D. in Comparative Religions from the University of Sedona. According to his biodata, <mask> was the director and shareholder of a garment factory in Indonesia when he suffered leukemia in 1991 at age 35. He reportedly recovered after meetings with a Tibetan lama in

masks:
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna
Anand
Anand
Anand
Anand


title: Swami Anand Krishna

texts:
 the Himalayas and thereafter decided to devote his life to healing, peace, love and joy.Spiritualism career
<mask> shared his personal experiences on the basis of "Be Joyful and Share your Joy to Others". He has promoted his teachings through print and electronic media, training seminars, as well as meetings and workshops held at the syncretistic neo-Hindu "Anand Ashram: Center for Holistic Health and Meditation", One Earth Retreat Center in Ciawi, Anand Krishna Center and Ashram@Ubud, and at four meditation centers in Jakarta, Bogor, Yogyakarta and Bali. His ashram foundation is (affiliated to the United Nations Department of Public Information). He has written columns for Indonesian media publications and also appeared on Indonesian television and radio shows in Bali. In Jakarta, he was the subject of a 13-episode television serial called Building Indonesia Anew with <mask>, broadcast on Q Channel (now BeritaSatu) and Swara networks. A follow-up series was made, called Building The World Anew with <mask>. Guests on the shows included fourth Indonesian president Abdurrahman Wahid; senior police detective Mangku Pastika; the Sultan of Yogyakarta; an Australian ambassador to Indonesia; as well as various politicians and celebrities.<mask> has authored 170 books over 18 years with more than half a million copies sold in Indonesia. He has also promoted meditation across the Indonesian archipelago. One of his three books in English, Voice of Indonesia was discussed on a University of California campus radio show. In 1997, he was made Reverend Minister by the Universal Life Church. In 2010, he was named Ambassador for Peace by the Universal Peace Federation. In 2011, he joined the International Metaphysical Ministry. Humanitarian

masks:
Anand
Anand Krishna
Anand Krishna
Anand


title: Swami Anand Krishna

texts:
 initiatives
<mask> has promoted several movements and Centers for Self Development, among others:
	International Bali Meditators’ Festival (IBMF)
	Forum for Revival of Human Spirit – which has given free Self Development Programs to more than 25,000 teachers within last 5 years.Anand Krishna Centres in many major cities, and L’Ayurveda Healing Centers in Jakarta and Bali. AK Global Co-Operation, a national co-operative society with branches in several cities. The National Integration Movement, with almost 30 branches all over Indonesia and overseas representation, including one in the Middle East
	California Bali Friendship Association
	Brazil Indonesia Friendship Association
	Secret Garden of The Mother Divine, Dedicated to Healing Mother Earth and All Her Children, located in Kuta (Bali)
	AK Education Foundation, First Interfaith School in Bali, for which land has been acquired (about 2,500 sq meters in the prime area of Kuta)
	Bali Dvipa Charitable Clinic in Bali
	One Earth Integral Education Foundation
	Regular Free Medical and Trauma Relief Camps
	Global Harmony Monument in Ashram@Ubud – Bali
	The Charter for Global Harmony

Sexual harassment conviction and blasphemy accusations
<mask>'s promotion of inter-faith harmony and his stance as a Universalist resulted in criticism from Islamic radicals. In 2000, his books were deemed heretical and recalled from Indonesian bookstores. In 2010, some of his former students accused him of sexual harassment. The main accuser's lawyer, Agung Mattauch, stated: "Harassment is just an entry point for a more serious problem, religious blasphemy". He was tried at South Jakarta District Court, which acquitted him in November 2011.The Supreme Court overturned the verdict in August 2012 and gave

masks: Anand Anand