title: Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)

texts:
<mask> (born December 17, 1973) is an American attorney and politician who is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives, serving as the representative for Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district since 2017. The district, numbered as the 8th district during his first term, includes all of Bucks County, a mostly suburban county north of Philadelphia, as well as a sliver of Montgomery County. A former FBI agent, he was elected in 2016 and took office on January 3, 2017. He was re-elected on November 6, 2018, to the newly redrawn 1st district. Early life and education
Born in Philadelphia and raised in nearby Levittown, Pennsylvania, <mask> graduated from Bishop Egan High School in Fairless Hills in 1992. He graduated from La Salle University in 1996 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. In 2001, Fitzpatrick completed both a Master of Business Administration at Pennsylvania State University and a Juris Doctor at the Penn State Dickinson School of Law.<mask> is a former Special Assistant United States Attorney and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) supervisory special agent in California. At the FBI, he served as a national supervisor for the Bureau's Public Corruption Unit, and led the agency's Campaign Finance and Election Crimes Enforcement program. During his time in the FBI, he spent time in Kyiv, Ukraine; Mosul, Iraq; and Washington, D.C. He was embedded with U.S. Special Forces as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom. U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

2016
In 2016, <mask> ran for the open U.S. House of Representatives seat of his brother <mask>, who retired from Congress to uphold a promise to limit himself to four terms. In the April 26, 2016, Republican primary, <mask> received 78.4% of the vote, defeating Andy Warren and Marc Duome. Meanwhile, State Representative Steve Santarsiero defeated Shaughnessy Naughton for the Democratic nomination, 59.8% to 40.2%.In the general election, <mask> received 54.4% of the vote, while Santarsiero received 45.6%.

masks:
Brian Kevin Fitzpatrick
Fitzpatrick
Career Fitzpatrick
Fitzpatrick
Mike Fitzpatrick
Fitzpatrick
Fitzpatrick


title: Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)

type: original

texts:
 2018
After a court-ordered redistricting, <mask>'s district was renumbered as the 1st district. It remained largely unchanged from the old 8th, but absorbed a larger slice of central Montgomery County. According to Nate Cohn of The New York Times, "the old 8th had been one of the more regularly drawn districts in a map that had been thrown out as an unconstitutional partisan Republican gerrymander. The new 1st was slightly more Democratic than its predecessor. Had it existed in 2016, Hillary Clinton would have carried it with 49 percent of the vote to Donald Trump's 47 percent. In contrast, Clinton and Trump finished almost tied in the old 8th, with Trump winning by 0.2 percentage points."In the Republican primary on May 15, 2018, he defeated Dean Malik by a margin of 68.85% to 31.15%. In the Democratic primary, Scott Wallace won with 55.97% of the vote, defeating Rachel Reddick, who tallied 35.85%, and Steve Bacher, who brought in 8.18%. In the general election, <mask> defeated Democratic nominee Scott Wallace by a margin of 51.3% to 48.7%. He carried Bucks County by 12,000 votes, more than his overall margin of 8,300 votes. <mask> thus became one of only three Republican U.S. Representatives to survive during the 2018 U.S. House elections in congressional districts that Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton carried in 2016, along with Congressmen John Katko (R-NY) and Will Hurd (R-TX). 2020
<mask> ran for a third term in 2020.In the Republican primary, he defeated Andrew Meehan, who ran as a more conservative candidate and a staunch supporter of President Donald Trump. In the general election, his Democratic opponent was Ivyland City Councilwoman Christina Finello. <mask> was considered potentially vulnerable due to the fact that his district had voted for Hillary Clinton in 2016. However, he was ultimately reelected by a margin of 13 percentage points despite Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden winning Pennsylvania and carrying the district by 6 points. He was one of nine

masks: Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick


title: Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)

texts:
 House Republicans to win in a district carried by Biden. Tenure
In the first session of the 115th United States Congress, <mask> was ranked the third most bipartisan member of the House of Representatives by the Bipartisan Index, a metric created by The Lugar Center and Georgetown's McCourt School of Public Policy to assess congressional bipartisanship. GovTrack noted that <mask> introduced the most bills among freshman Representatives, and, of the 274 bills he cosponsored, 35% were introduced by a non-Republican legislator.On February 4, 2021, <mask> joined 10 other Republican House members voting with all voting Democrats to strip Marjorie Taylor Greene of her House Education and Labor Committee, and House Budget Committee assignments in response to controversial political statements she had made. On November 5, 2021, <mask> was among the 13 House Republicans who broke with their party and voted with a majority of Democrats in favor of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, a $1.2 trillion infrastructure spending bill. Climate change
At a September 2018 forum hosted by the Bipartisan Policy Center and The Hill, <mask> highlighted man-made climate change as a serious issue. He stated that Republicans must "acknowledge reality and don't deny it." He is a member of the bipartisan congressional Climate Solutions Caucus and cointroduced the Energy Innovation and Carbon Dividend Act of 2018, which would impose a carbon tax with net revenue returned to households as a rebate. He did not sponsor the 2019 version of the bill. <mask> has a lifetime score of 81% on the National Environmental Scorecard of the League of Conservation Voters, and is ranked as the most environmentally friendly Republican member of the House, rating higher than many Democrats.Gerrymandering
In September 2017, <mask> urged the U.S. Supreme Court to limit extreme partisan gerrymandering in the Gill v. Whitford case. He stressed that partisan redistricting had undermined the Founding Fathers' vision of the House of

masks: Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick


title: Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)

texts:
 Representatives remaining the voice of the people. He was the only Republican Congressman from Pennsylvania who did not take part in a February 2018 lawsuit challenging a new district map drawn by Democrats. He explained that he opposes the drawing of congressional districts by elected officials of either party, saying instead that they should be drawn by independent, nonpartisan citizen panels. Gun policy
In 2018, <mask> was the only Republican to receive an endorsement from the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, the gun control organization founded by former U.S. Representative Gabby Giffords. <mask> voted to expand background checks and to restrict assault weapon sales. He voted against a bill that would require states to recognize concealed-carry permits issued by other states.In March 2021, <mask> was one of eight Republicans to join the House majority in passing the Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021. Health care
<mask> opposed the American Health Care Act, a bill to repeal and replace the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. In a statement, <mask> said, "After considering the current healthcare bill in a thorough and deliberate manner, I have concluded that, although the American Health Care Act focuses on several much-needed reforms to our healthcare system, in its current form I cannot support this legislation". <mask> joined many of his Republican colleagues as well as every congressional Democrat in an effort to oppose the bill. On May 4, 2017, <mask> also voted against the second attempt to pass the American Health Care Act. In a statement, he said, "We saw what happened when healthcare reform – an issue impacting 1/5 of our economy – was rushed through Congress along extremely partisan lines in 2009," referring to the ACA in 2010. On December 12, he took part in the Democratic bill to lower drug costs, the Elijah Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act.Immigration
In 2017, <mask> was critical of President Obama's executive order establishing the DACA program, but

masks: Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick


title: Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)

texts:
 said the immigration system was broken. In a 2018 debate, <mask> said that he supported a path to citizenship for DREAMers, but that "any immigration reform package has to deal with border security." In 2019, he voted for the American Dream and Promise Act, which included no new border security measures. <mask> opposed President Donald Trump's 2017 executive order to impose a temporary ban on entry to the U.S. to citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries. He stated that "the president's policy entirely misses the mark." LGBT rights
<mask> supports same-sex marriage. In 2019, he co-sponsored and voted for the Equality Act, which would extend anti-discrimination protections to LGBT-identifying adults and minors and repealing Title IX; seven other House Republicans joined him in voting for it and it passed the House 236-173.He was one of three Republicans to vote for it in 2021 when it again passed the House. In 2022, <mask> was one of six Republicans to vote in favor of the Global Respect Act, which imposes sanctions on foreign persons responsible for violations of internationally recognized human rights against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI) individuals, and for other purposes. Narcotics trafficking
<mask> sponsored the International Narcotics Trafficking Emergency Response by Detecting Incoming Contraband with Technology (INTERDICT) Act, which was signed into law by President Donald Trump in January 2018. The law directs $15 million to U.S. Customs and Border Patrol to expand screening for fentanyl and opioids at the U.S. border. Donald Trump
In July 2019, <mask> was one of four Republican House members to vote in support of a motion to condemn remarks by Trump made on Twitter calling on "'Progressive' Democrat Congresswomen who originally came from countries" that are described as failing to "go back and help fix the totally broken and crime infested places from which they came." <mask> voted against the impeachment of then-President Donald Trump on


title: Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)

texts:
 December 18, 2019 and again on January 13, 2021. Prior to the second impeachment vote, <mask> introduced a censure resolution against Trump, which condemned the rhetoric that lead to the Capitol attack.On May 19, 2021, <mask> was one of 35 Republicans who joined all Democrats in voting to approve legislation to establish the January 6, 2021 commission meant to investigate the storming of the U.S. Capitol. Russia
In a 2018 debate, <mask> said that Russia held "by and large, sinister motives", noting that while he was stationed in Ukraine, twice Russia attempted to knock out the nation's electrical grids through cyber attacks. In July 2018, <mask> said that President Trump had been "manipulated" by Russian leader Vladimir Putin at the Helsinki Summit. <mask> said he was "frankly sickened by the exchange" between Trump and Putin. He criticized the "mixed signals" that the Trump administration was sending regarding Russian interference in the 2016 election. In April 2018, <mask> said that President Trump should stop attacking the FBI and allow Robert Mueller to complete his investigation, stating it was improper to "judge an institution based on the actions of a few bad actors." Taxes
In December 2017, <mask> voted in favor of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in a party-line vote.Term limits and congressional perks
In April 2018, <mask> led a bipartisan group of freshmen House members in an Oval Office meeting at which they discussed with President Trump a proposed constitutional amendment imposing congressional term limits. In May 2018, <mask> and Stephanie Murphy (D-FL) introduced H.R. 5946, the Fostering Accountability, Integrity, Trust, and Honor (FAITH) in Congress Act, that would "end certain special perks reserved for Members of Congress, enact a lifetime ban preventing former Members of Congress from becoming lobbyists, and withhold Members' paychecks if they fail to pass a budget on time." Steve Bannon
On October 21, 2021, <mask> was one of nine House Republicans who voted to hold Steve Bannon in

masks: Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick


title: Gabe Saporta

texts:
Gabriel Eduardo "<mask>" <mask> (born October 11, 1979) is an Uruguayan-American musician and entrepreneur. Through late 2015, he was a singer and the primary creative force behind the electronic pop group Cobra Starship. On November 10, 2015, after nearly ten years and two Billboard Hot 100 top 10 hits, Saporta announced that the band would stop its work, and that he would be focusing on helping other musicians through his new venture, The Artist Group. Prior to Cobra Starship, <mask> had been the lead singer, bassist, and lyricist for the punk band Midtown. Early life
<mask> was born in Montevideo, Uruguay. His family is Jewish; his grandparents and great-grandparents escaped Europe during World War II and settled in Uruguay. When he was four years old, he moved with his parents to New York City.At an early age, Saporta developed a passion for music, which became his escape and salvation from a tumultuous upbringing. Saporta fell in love with music because of its ability to deliver messages and connect people. His first love was hip hop, but soon after he discovered punk rock and started going to shows to see bands such as Gorilla Biscuits, Fugazi, and Pavement, it was not long before Saporta, along with his brother Ricky, started to put on his own shows and put out his own records. Career

Career beginnings and Midtown (1998–2005)
When he was 16 years old, Saporta "joined his first band-- the appropriately titled Humble Beginnings" as a bass player. While in college at Rutgers University, he started the pop punk band Midtown. As the vocalist, lyricist, and bassist in Midtown, Saporta attracted widespread attention. The group released one EP and three LP albums: The Sacrifice of Life, Save the World, Lose the Girl, Living

masks:
Gabe
Saporta
Saporta
Gabe Saporta


title: Gabe Saporta

texts:
 Well Is the Best Revenge and Forget What You Know, respectively.Midtown encountered legal troubles with its first label after releasing its second album. It was during this time that Saporta who "was quite the businessman" decided he wanted to understand the music business from the other side and started managing a band named Armor For Sleep. As Armor For Sleep became successful, Saporta made a deal to merge his fledgling company into Crush Management, who would also manage Midtown. Crush later went on to launch Cobra Starship with Saporta. After disbanding, Midtown developed a cult-like following. In response to this renewed interest, Midtown reunited for a secret show in Brooklyn and to headline the Skate & Surf Festival in Asbury Park, NJ in 2014. Cobra Starship (2006–2015)
After Midtown, <mask>a wanted to start a project that was more light-hearted and whose music could incorporate diverse electronic influences.The idea for Cobra Starship came to him during a trip in the Arizona desert in 2005. Saporta produced and recorded the first Cobra album by himself with S*A*M & Sluggo. An early helpful development for Cobra Starship was when Midtown's management company set Saporta up with an opportunity to record a song for the soundtrack to the 2006 action film Snakes on a Plane, which became a minor hit. By 2007, Cobra Starship was a full band and started touring the country. Cobra's eclectic sound allowed them to tour with acts as diverse as 30 Seconds to Mars, Fall Out Boy, and Travie McCoy. They also performed with many electronic acts such as Girl Talk and Kaskade. From 2006 to 2014, Cobra Starship released four full-length albums, and scored two double-platinum Top 10 hits ("Good Girls Go Bad" and "You Make Me Feel"), as


title: Gabe Saporta

texts:
 well as one gold record for "Hot Mess".Their single "Good Girls Go Bad" features guest vocals by Leighton Meester. Coincidentally, <mask> made his acting debut a few years later in the season 5 finale of Gossip Girl. In 2012, Cobra Starship was the main support for Justin Bieber on his entire South American stadium tour. T∆G // The Artist Group (2015–present)
On his Beats1 Radio show in November 2015, <mask>a announced that he would no longer be performing or putting out new music. <mask> and business associate Mike Carden have announced the formation of a talent management firm, T∆G // The Artist Group, which is expected to commence operations in the first quarter of 2016. <mask> has explained that now he wants to work behind the scenes and help younger artists see their dreams come true. Other work
On June 5, 2010, MTV aired an episode of When I Was 17, which focused on <mask>a and discussed his life as a teenager.Saporta has hosted and been a correspondent for various music-related TV shows including being a presenter at the VMAs, a US correspondent for The EMAs and BBC1, and hosting several countdown shows on Fuse. In March 2013, <mask>a was featured on "Make It Out This Town", the first single by American rapper Eve's fourth album Lip Lock. In 2015, Saporta started working with Beats1 Radio as on-air talent and show host. Beyond music, Saporta's other ventures include restaurants, real estate, and fashion. Personal life
<mask>'s father, <mask>, studied medicine and became a physician in Montevideo. Disenchanted with the then-ineffective and somewhat corrupt health care system in Uruguay, among other reasons, the elder Saporta elected to leave the country with his family in the early 1980s. As a result, he undertook

masks:
Saporta
Gabe Saport
Saporta
Saporta
Gabe Saport
Gabe Saport
Saporta
Diego Saporta


title: Gabe Saporta

texts:
 his medical training for a second time in the United States.<mask> has described his father's perseverance as an inspiration. Saporta attended Rutgers University, where he majored in philosophy and political science. In May 2013, Saporta and Erin Fetherston got married. In March 2016, the couple welcomed their first child, a son. Guest vocals
<mask> was featured on the songs:

References

External links

The Artist Group website
<mask>a official website
<mask>a on Twitter
<mask>a on Instagram

1979 births
Living people
21st-century American guitarists
21st-century American Jews
21st-century American singers
Alternative dance musicians
Alternative rock bass guitarists
Alternative rock guitarists
Alternative rock singers
American alternative rock musicians
American dance musicians
American electronic musicians
American male bass guitarists
American male guitarists
American male pop singers
American male singers
American people of Austrian-Jewish descent
American people of Spanish-Jewish descent
American people of Uruguayan-Jewish descent
American pop rock singers
American punk rock singers
American synth-pop musicians
Cobra Starship members
Columbia Records artists
Dance-pop musicians
Decaydance Records artists
Drive-Thru Records artists
Fueled by Ramen artists
Guitarists from New Jersey
Guitarists from New York City
Hispanic and Latino American musicians
Jewish American musicians
Jewish rock musicians
Jewish singers
Jews in punk rock
MCA Records artists
People from Springfield Township, Union County, New Jersey
Rutgers University alumni
Singers from New Jersey
Singers from New York City
Singers from Montevideo
Synth-pop singers
Uruguayan emigrants to the United States
Uruguayan Jews
Uruguayan male guitarists
Uruguayan pop

masks:
Gabe Saporta
Gabe Saporta
Gabe Saport
Gabe Saport
Gabe Saport


title: Xavier Dupré i Raventós

texts:
<mask> (1 July 1956, in Barcelona – 20 April 2006, in Rome) was a Spanish archaeologist and historian of classical antiquity. He was the first provincial archaeologist appointed by the archaeological division of the Generalitat de Catalunya in Tarragona. He was also director of Taller–Escola d’Arqueologia de Tarragona (TED’A), director of excavations of the Roman city of Tusculum (Lazio, Italy) and deputy director of the Escuela Española de Historia y Arqueología in Rome (part of CSIC). Life and career

Early years
<mask> became interested in archaeology from a very early age. While studying high school in Barcelona, he took part in archaeological activities at Empúries under the direction of <mask>. He later studied at Universitat de Barcelona and graduated in Prehistory, Ancient History and Archaeology in 1979. After being awarded a grant from the Comisión Mixta Hispano-Italiana in 1980, he enrolled in the Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza.The grant brought him into contact with the Escuela Española de Historia y Arqueología en Roma (EEHAR), the institution he would later command. Dupré worked in the excavations carried out in Gabii. In his dissertation, finished in 1981 and advised by <mask> Taradell, <mask> studied the architectural terracottas of Juno’s sanctuary in Gabii (Lazio, Italy). Tarragona
In later 1981, he moved to Tarragona as a result of winning a place as provincial archaeologist of the Servei d’Arqueologia del Departament de Cultura de la Generalitat de Catalunya. Once there, he instigated various research and restoration projects at the circus and provincial forum of Tarraco, the ancient Roman capital of the Tarraconensis province. In December 1986, he became director of the Taller-Escola d'Arqueologia (TED’A). The school was managed by Tarragona local council, under the leadership of the mayor, historian Josep <mask>.TED’A was part of the trade schools and workshops programme run by the Spanish Ministry of Labour and the European Social Fund. During its short

masks:
Xavier Dupré i Raventós
Xavier Dupré
Eduard Ripoll
Miquel
Dupré
Maria Recasens


title: Xavier Dupré i Raventós

texts:
 between the countries.It was important to Dupré to share the results of the excavations with the scientific community, so from 1994 onwards he published reports on the works undertaken during each archaeological campaign in a series of publications by EEHAR; he also published a monograph on Tusculum in EEHAR’s ‘Bibliotheca Italica’ series and participated in many international scientific forums. His archaeological research ended in 2006 when <mask> died in Rome after a long illness. Legacy and tributes

The premature death of Dupré in 2006 shocked the archaeological world and the scientific institutions he was part of the International Committee on Archaeological Heritage Management of ICOMOS, the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Real Academia de la Historia or the Istituto Internazionale di Studi Liguri. After his death, the academic community began to pay him tribute in a series of events such as homages at the Institut d’Estudis Catalans or the CSIC. The International Association of Classical Archaeology also held a one-day conference in his honour at the Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza. On April 21 2007, his ashes were scattered at the theatre of Tusculum. To mark the occasion, local association XI Comunità Montana del Lazio Castelli Romani e Prenestini erected a monument at the start of the path to the site commemorating his work.The inscription on the monument reads “<mask> <mask>, archeologo di Tuscolo” [To <mask>, archaeologist of Tusculum]. In 2008, Tarragona local council decided to name a public space in the city after Dupré and in 2012, <mask> was honoured with a posthumous Diploma al Mèrit Cultural by the city of Tarragona. In 2016, the Catalan city held the third International Congress of Archaeology and Ancient world. In 2018 a sculpture by the Italian artist <mask> <mask> was placed on the Tarraco Circus arena in his memory. References

Spanish archaeologists
Spanish historians
People from Barcelona
1956 births
2006 deaths
20th-century

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Xavier Dupré
A Xavier
Dupré
Xavier Dupré
Dupré
Beátrice
Bizot


title: Pierre de Lancre

texts:
<mask> or <mask>'Ancre, Lord of De Lancre (1553–1631), was the French judge of Bordeaux who conducted the massive Labourd witch-hunt of 1609. In 1582 he was named judge in Bordeaux, and in 1608 King Henry IV commanded him to put an end to the practice of witchcraft in Labourd, in the French part of the Basque Country, where over four months he sentenced to death several dozen persons. He wrote three books on witchcraft, analysing the Sabbath, lycanthropy, and sexual relationships during the Sabbath. In his opinion, Satan had little sexual intercourse with single women, because he preferred married women for that implied also adultery, and the incest between mothers and sons at the end of the Sabbath was essential to give birth to demonic children, as well as a sexual act between a witch and a he-goat (believed to be Satan present at the reunion). He also thought that Satan was pleased with a clean body but not a clean (or pure) soul, inducing people to wash their bodies and embellish themselves with ornaments. Views
His grandfather, <mask>egui (cf. Basque surname Aroztegi, 'home of the smith'), a native of Lower Navarre, had changed his Basque surname for the French one of <mask>re upon migrating to Bordeaux.This familial denial seems to have influenced him into a deep hate against everything Basque. He considered Basques to be ignorant, superstitious, proud and irreligious. Basque women were in his eyes libertines and Basque priests were for him just womanizers with no religious zeal. He believed that the root of the natural Basque tendency towards evil was love of dance. All these prejudices are reflected in his work Tableau

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Pierre de Rosteguy de Lancre
Pierre de l
Bernard de Rost
de Lanc


title: Pierre de Lancre

texts:
 of his first one. Thanks to these books we know something of what happened in the process that <mask>re directed against the people of Labourd, because the judicial records vanished during the French Revolution. P.G. Maxwell-Stuart writes on De Lancre in his Witch Hunters that:

...L'incredulité et mescreance du sortilège plainement convaicue (1622), produced twelve years after his long personal engagement with witches and witchcraft, spends an impressive amount of learning upon showing that magic of any kind is not an illusion and should not be dismissed by those who are pleased to think otherwise. This work aroused the ire of Gabriel Naudé, at one time physician to Louis XIII and later librarian to Cardinal Barberini, who in 1625 published a fierce response, Apologie pour tous les grands personages qui ont esté faussement soupçonnés de magie, to which De Lancre, duly irritated, replied two years later with his final work, Du sortilège. (p. 38)

On reconsidering <mask>re and his works, Professor Jonathan Pearl says the following in his Crime of Crimes: Demonology and Politics in France 1560–1620:

As already indicated, many historians have described <mask>re as a ridiculous obsessed fanatic. Terms like "gleeful," "gloating," "infantile," "sadistic" and "bigoted" have all been applied to him.But in his writing, <mask> constantly emphasized the distastefulness of the task in which he was engaged. Certainly, he believed totally the testimony that he heard, sentenced people to death based on that testimony, and worked to convince his colleagues to follow his lead. But there is little evidence in his work to support the picture

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de Lanc
de Lanc
de Lanc
de Lancre


title: Pierre de Lancre

texts:
 that has so often been drawn. (p. 142-143)

And that:

It would also be a mistake [...] to dismiss <mask>re as a crank, a bizarre or ridiculous figure. He was an earnest advocate of a worldview that was not insignificant in his time. He took seriously his instruction from respectable orthodox scholars, and did not waver from them for his long life. (p. 147)

Works
Tableau de l'inconstance des mauvais anges et démons.Paris, 1612
On the Inconstancy of Witches: <mask> <mask>'s Tableau de l'inconstance des mauvais anges et demons (1612) edited by Gerhild Scholz Williams, 2006 (first English translation). L'incredulité et mescréance du sortilège. Paris, 1622
Du Sortilège. 1627 (rare and less well-known work as reported by Montague Summers in his The History of Witchcraft)

See also
Witch-hunt
Sorginak (Basque witches)
Inquisition
Witchcraft and children

Notes

References
Maxwell-Stuart, P.G. Witch Hunters: Professional Prickers, Unwitchers and Witch Finders of the Renaissance, 2003, 1st ed. Pearl, Jonathan L. The Crime of Crimes: Demonology and Politics in France 1560–1620, 1999,
Dueso, José Brujería en el País Vasco, Orain S.A., 1996. Scholz Williams, Gerhild.Defining Dominion: The Discourses of Magic and Witchcraft in Early Modern France and Germany, Ann Arbor, 1995. Summers, Montague. The History of Witchcraft and Demonology, 1992 Castle Books reprint
Summers, Montague. The Geography of Witchcraft, 2003 Keegan Paul reprint,

1553 births
1631 deaths
17th-century French writers
17th-century French male writers
Basque history
Demonologists
French-Basque people
Inquisitors
Labourd
Witch hunters
Lords of France
Witch trials in

masks:
de Lanc
Pierre de
Lancre


title: Jessie Donaldson Hodder

texts:
<mask> (March 30, 1867 – November 19, 1931) was a women's prison reformer. Early life
<mask> was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. Her mother died when she was a toddler and her father, upon remarrying, gave her to his Scottish-born mother to raise along with four other sons still at home. Her grandmother taught <mask> to be a housekeeper and seamstress; while the grandmother did not encourage her to go to school, she did allow her to have piano lessons. In 1885, <mask> moved with her grandmother and an uncle, an executive for a railroad, to New York City, where she continued her piano studies. Personal life
In 1889 she met <mask> (1866-1907), a lawyer from Colorado who was visiting his parents with his dying wife, <mask>. Soon after Olive died, <mask> and Alfred began a love affair.Two years later, Alfred gave up a philosophy fellowship he had won at Harvard to follow her to Europe, where she had moved to continue her piano study. Without any marriage ceremony, <mask> assumed his last name. They traveled throughout Europe and lived as husband and wife in Freiburg and Leipzig, Germany. Their daughter, Olive, was born in Florence, Italy, on April 14, 1893, in the flat of Professor William James and his wife, Alice Gibben James. The following year, the family returned to the United States and moved to Rosemont, Pennsylvania, where Alfred taught English literature at Bryn Mawr College until 1898. A second child, James Alan <mask>, was born in 1897. Meanwhile, Alfred, known as the "Byron of Bryn Mawr," was engaged in an affair with Miss Mary Mackall Gwinn, another English professor, who was the live-in companion and lover of the Dean and President of the College, Martha Carey Thomas.This love quadrangle was later fictionalized by Gertrude Stein in her first

masks:
Jessie Donaldson Hodder
Jessie Donaldson
Jessie
Jessie
Alfred LeRoy Hodder
Olive Dickinson Hodder
Jessie
Jessie
Hodder


title: Jessie Donaldson Hodder

texts:
 novel, Fernhurst: The History of Phillip Redfern, A Student of the Nature of Women. In 1898, insisting that the affair was over, <mask> put his common-law wife, <mask>, and their two children on a ship from New York back to Germany,  promising to join them. Instead, he settled in Manhattan, became a bestselling novelist and muckraking journalist determined to take on the corruption of Tammany Hall, and worked as the private secretary for illustrious Manhattan District Attorney William Travers Jerome. In June 1904, denying any marriage tie to <mask> as well as paternity of his son, James Alan, Alfred married Mary Gwinn. <mask> remained abroad for 8 years, supporting herself and the children as a pianist, English translator, and teacher, living first in Leipzig and then in the village of Cormondrèche, Neuchâtel, Switzerland. She became fluent in French as well as German. Soon after Alfred's wedding to Miss Gwinn, 11-year-old Olive died after a fight with scarlet fever.Depressed and destitute, <mask> considered suicide, but eventually she and her son returned to the United States thanks to the generosity of a friend of Alice James, philanthropist and social reformer Elizabeth Glendower Evans. <mask> arrived in Boston in 1906 without a profession or any means of support, but Mrs. Evans secured her a job at the Lancaster Industrial School for Girls, and hired two lawyers to sue Alfred for bigamy and child support. Alfred was at this point a well-known writer who also still worked for the New York District Attorney William Jerome. Shortly before what would have been a high-profile trial, in March 1907, <mask> died mysteriously in a New York City jail. Prison reform
In 1907, a friend of Mrs. Evans', Richard Clarke Cabot, a pioneer in medical social

masks:
Alfred Hodder
Jessie
Jessie
Jessie
Jessie
Jessie
Alfred Hodder


title: Jessie Donaldson Hodder

texts: work and founder of the social services department at Massachusetts General Hospital, hired <mask> as a counselor of expectant unwed mothers, syphilitics, and alcoholics. <mask> became known as a dedicated and compassionate worker who held the confidence of her charges and their families. At Mass.General, she developed guidelines for the treatment of unwed mothers, to which she adhered throughout her ensuing career: that the father should be sued for support but should not be forced into marriage, and that the mother should be helped to keep her child. In 1911, <mask> was appointed superintendent of the Massachusetts Prison and Reformatory for Women in Sherborn. As a rare "working single mother," she unblocked the prison cell windows to views of the meadows, persuaded the Massachusetts legislature to delete the word "Prison" from the institution’s name, built a gymnasium, planted the fields, and developed the institution’s labor and education programs so that inmates could be taught skills appropriate for the particular industry that best matched their aptitude. She reduced the inmates' former full workday to an intensive half-day, using the remaining hours for recreation and education. She established a regular school staffed with trained teachers who taught at all levels. More gifted inmates were encouraged to take university extension courses in languages, business subjects, and domestic science. <mask> maintained that recreation was a form of therapy, and developed outdoor sports in the summer and drama and music in the winter, staging and playing piano for several Gilbert and Sullivan musicals.She did all this while demonstrating to the state legislature that her new program actually increased productivity. For example, output in the "shirt

masks: Jessie Jessie Jessie Jessie


title: Jessie Donaldson Hodder

texts:
 room" increased 40 percent, and the institution's cattle and poultry industries were further developed, with products being sold to other institutions as well as on the open market. Under her regime, the Massachusetts Reformatory took the lead in the United States in the study of the individual prisoner and importance of detailed case records. Aware of rapidly unfolding developments in psychology and the social sciences and of Katharine Bement Davis' experiments at the New York Reformatory for Women, <mask> insisted on medical and psychiatric examinations and repeatedly requested funds for a resident psychiatrist. She ensured that psychiatric care, classes, and work programs were specifically tailored and geared to the needs of the individual inmate. In 1912, she appointed a resident social worker and established a research department. She stressed the importance of case records not only for considering parole, but for understanding the social causes of delinquency.While <mask> oversaw remodeling and modernization of the Framingham facility, she wanted to construct a separate building for the youngest inmates and also build a colony of separate, self-contained cottages for the more independent inmates, similar to the ones she’d managed in her first position at Lancaster. After her death, her successor, Miriam Van Waters, built two stand-alone houses separate from the Reformatory and a third new, large building exclusively for inmates between the ages of 17 and 21. Van Waters dedicated the large building "Hodder Hall." Legacy
<mask> died of chronic myocarditis at her home in the Framingham Reformatory in 1931, at the age of sixty-four, surrounded by her son, his wife, and her three grandchildren. References

1867 births
1931 deaths
Prison

masks:
Jessie Hodder
Jessie
Jessie Hodder


title: Daithí McKay

texts:
<mask>,  (born 1982, Ballymena, County Antrim, Northern Ireland) is a former Irish politician. He was the Chair of the Finance Committee in the Northern Irish Assembly from 2012 to 2016 and a Sinn Féin MLA for North Antrim for 9 years. He successfully brought forward legislation that led to the introduction of a Carrier Bag Levy in Northern Ireland and the abolishment of rates for hundreds of Community Amateur Sport Clubs (CASCs). In 2016 he began working as a political columnist and commentator with the Belfast Telegraph, BBC and ITV. He currently works in advocacy and is a climate change campaigner. Background

<mask> was born in Ballymena in 1982 and raised in Rasharkin, County Antrim. Prior to being elected he was involved in aid work in the Palestinian West Bank where he worked with the International Solidarity Movement accompanying Palestinians to help minimise harassment and attacks from the IDF and Israeli settlers.Whilst there he and his group were present at the scene of the killing of two Palestinians by the Israeli Defence Forces in Tulkarm. Elected office
He was elected to Ballymoney Council in 2005 becoming the first nationalist councillor from Rasharkin ever to be elected. Daithí was the youngest ever member of Ballymoney Borough Council. In 2007, <mask> contested the North Antrim seat in the Northern Ireland legislature. He went on to claim his seat after the first count, coming second behind Ian Paisley of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP). <mask> received 7,065 votes to Paisley's 7,716. Paisley's son, Ian Paisley Jr. came in third.This is the closest anyone ever came to beating Ian Paisley in an election. <mask> was the youngest Member elected to the 2007 Assembly and he became one of the first Sinn Féin members to sit on the

masks:
Daithí Gerard McKay
McKay
McKay
McKay
McKay


title: Daithí McKay

texts:
 Policing Board along with Martina Anderson and Alex Maskey. In September 2007 <mask> sparked off a political scandal in the Assembly when he used parliamentary privilege to name private developer Seymour Sweeney as a member of the DUP. The DUP Environment Minister, Arlene Foster, had said that she was 'minded' to approve an application from Sweeney for a private visitor centre at the Giant's Causeway, even though her Planning Service officials had recommended that it be refused. Foster threatened to take <mask> to court over the matter but in January 2008 she decided to refuse the private application. Attacks and threats

In June 2003 <mask> was one of a group of Sinn Féin members, including Martin McGuinness and Philip McGuigan, attacked by a loyalist mob in Ballymoney. McGuinness said that "some of them tried to break the windows of the car with their fists, and it was quite a dangerous situation.I think if they had gained access into the car, it could have been quite a nasty situation." In June 2008, he was one of four Sinn Féin councillors in north Antrim who reportedly received death threats. In July 2008, <mask> and fellow Sinn Féin member Cllr Padraig McShane sustained minor injuries in a dispute with local youths in Ballymena. The dispute arose because of the youths' opposition to the removal of a bonfire to commemorate internment (Operation Demetrius). <mask> said they were in the area "in opposition to criminal and antisocial elements who are using this bonfire as a cover for other activities". The incident was captured by a BBC camera crew. In May 2009 there were a series of attacks on property in Rasharkin, including an attack on <mask>'s house and a cafe in the village.The North Antrim MLA blamed anti-social elements and said that

masks: McKay McKay McKay McKay McKay McKay


title: Daithí McKay

texts:
 these people would not deter him from his work. A bomb threat was phoned through to <mask>'s Sinn Féin office in January 2015. The caller claimed that a bomb had been left outside <mask>'s home but police later declared this a hoax after searches took place at his property. Rasharkin parades

<mask> was involved in protests against the Ballymaconnelly parade through the mainly nationalist village of Rasharkin since they began in 2004. In 2010 the parade was restricted and for the first time was only allowed to march the Main Street on the outward parade but not return. In 2012 two men were fined by a court after <mask> reported them for posting sectarian messages on Facebook relating to the village. One of the accused was alleged to have posted:
"Let's show the scum in Rasharkin (a Co Antrim village where many Catholics live) how it is done.""God save the Queen. For God and Ulster, Kill all taigs. Lest we forget." In 2012 representation from <mask> and others in the Rasharkin Residents Association helped secure a determination from the Parades Commission that the parade be reduced from 44 to 25 bands. He highlighted UVF & UDA paramilitary displays at the parade & in 2015 the Parades Commission introduced a flags ban on the parade. Carrier Bag Levy
In 2011 <mask> introduced the "Single Use Plastic Bag Bill" which eventually was passed by the Assembly as the "Single Use Carrier Bag Act 2011". He had raised the matter through a Private Members Debate previously and is believed to be responsible for Sinn Féin ensuring that the levy was included in the Executive's Budget in 2010.The Act amended part of the Climate Change Act 2008. The 5 pence levy was introduced in April 2013 and the bill also ensured that the proceeds went towards environmental and


title: Daithí McKay

texts:
 community projects. It has resulted in the reduction in usage of carrier bags in Northern Ireland by tens of millions annually. He remains the only Sinn Féin MLA to have successfully passed a Private Members Bill in the Assembly. The SpAd Bill
In 2013 <mask> led the opposition to the Special Advisers Bill brought forward by TUV leader Jim Allister. The Bill aimed to dis-bar ex-prisoners from being Special Advisors to Ministers in the Executive. During the closing debate in which Allister's Bill was ultimately passed <mask> made a "marathon 2-hour speech" in opposition.This remains the longest speech ever made by an MLA in the Assembly. Campaign to abolish rates for Sport Clubs
In 2013 <mask> <mask> started a campaign to abolish rates for sport clubs. In his second piece of legislation he proposed that CASCs (Community Amateur Sport Clubs) should have 100% rate relief on their grounds and facilities. In the Bill consultation he received over 1,000 responses, one of the most successful consultations for an Assembly Bill to date. He secured the support of the majority of MLAs but the DUP blocked the bill controversially using the Petition of Concern. The campaign still proved successful with the Department of Finance subsequently committing to grant 100% rate relief for clubs as long as they did not have licensed bars. A proposal put by <mask> to the Assembly was also passed that ensured that the Department had to have regulations in place by the end of September 2016.On 26 October 2016 full relief for CASCs without bars was introduced by the Finance Minister. Campaign for equal marriage

<mask> was a strong supporter of LGBT rights in the Assembly. He spoke in debates to extend marriage to same sex couples between 2012 and 2016 and jointly tabled a

masks: McKay McKay Daithí McKay McKay McKay


title: Daithí McKay

texts:
 number of the motions put to the Assembly. In April 2014 speaking to a motion that he tabled along with 5 other members he said that

"Homophobia is fuelling the political representation in much of the debate here today. This is about gay people being treated as less than everyone else. Gay men and women are deserving of the same rights that I have and of the same rights that you have. "Two people who love each other and who have their love recognised through marriage pose no threat to anybody."'''He was one of 3 Sinn Féin MLAs to table a motion calling for equal marriage to be introduced in April 2015 and it was defeated by 49 votes to 47. In November 2015 he again was one of 6 MLAs that tabled a motion calling on the Executive "to table legislation to allow for same sex marriage." 53 MLAs supported the motion and 52 opposed. It was the first time that a majority of Assembly members had expressed support for marriage to be extended to same sex couples. He has remained a vocal supporter of LGBTI rights since he left the Assembly. Resignation

On 13 July 2016 <mask> called on the Parades Commission to bar Dervock Young Defenders band from partaking in parades in sensitive areas following an incident in Ballycastle. After <mask> made a presentation to the commission with members of the Rasharkin Residents Association the band were barred from participating in the Ballymaconnelly parade in August.It was alleged that after this parade decision was made the loyalist blogger Jamie Bryson leaked details of messages he exchanged with <mask> in which <mask> allegedly refers Bryson to a third party whilst he chaired the NAMA Enquiry in the Assembly. The First Minister Peter Robinson resigned less than 2 months after Bryson made allegations at the Finance

masks: McKay McKay McKay McKay


title: Daithí McKay

texts:
 Committee and <mask> was accused of helping to 'take out' the First Minister that was in office with his party colleague Martin McGuinness at the time. <mask> resigned as an MLA on 18 August 2016. Columnist and writer

<mask> began writing for the Belfast Telegraph and the political blog Slugger O'Toole in December 2016. He also began working as a commentator on BBC and ITV. In his first article he called on mainly nationalist councils to introduce the flying of the tricolour from government buildings in the north for the first time by adopting a flags policy of equality rather than neutrality. <mask> believes that the mandatory coalition system that puts parties in power automatically is flawed.He has called for Assembly reform. A suggestion he has put forward for discussion is that a hybrid model of a weighted majority system retaining some cross-community safeguards would help address political 'gridlock'. After the Assembly collapsed over the Renewable Heat Incentive scandal in early 2017 <mask> said that the Irish Language Act, unimplemented since the St Andrew's Agreement, should be agreed before the institutions are restored. In July 2017 he described the Eleventh night as similar to the film The Purge'', where all laws are suspended for one night a year and people allowed to do whatever they want, with no consequences. In August 2017 he criticised the DUP MLA Jim Wells after the South Down man resigned from the National Trust due to their participation in Belfast Pride parade. Committees
Health 2015–2016
Finance 2010–2011 and 2012–2016 (Chairperson from 2012 to 2016)
Education 2011–2012
Enterprise, Trade & Investment (Deputy Chairperson from 2010 to 2012)
Environment 2007–2010
Public Accounts Committee 2012–2015
Rasharkin Community

masks: McKay McKay McKay McKay McKay


title: Naoko Takeuchi

texts:
is a Japanese manga artist. She is best known as the author of Sailor Moon, one of the most popular manga series of all time. She has won several awards, including the 1993 Kodansha Manga Award for Sailor Moon. <mask> is married to Yoshihiro Togashi, the author of YuYu Hakusho and Hunter × Hunter. Early life
<mask> was born in Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan, to parents Kenji and <mask>. She has a younger brother, Shingo. She gave the names of her relatives to the characters she created for Sailor Moon, and mentions this in interviews and in several comic strips she produced, in place of author notes.<mask> attended Kofu Ichi High School. She wore sailor suit uniforms and joined the astronomy and manga clubs. These experiences influenced her work for Sailor Moon, in addition to her other pieces, such as Love Call and Rain Kiss. Her formative high school experiences influenced her trajectory to become a manga artist. <mask>'s father encouraged her to pursue other career paths, in case she wouldn't find success as a professional artist, which is why she attended university to study chemistry. <mask> graduated from Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, where she received a degree in chemistry and became a licensed pharmacist. Her senior thesis was called "Heightened Effects of Thrombolytic Actions Due to Ultrasound".Career

1986–1997: Early work and success
Before becoming a manga artist, <mask> worked as a miko at the Shiba Daijingu shrine near her university. This experience later became the basis for Rei Hino, one of her characters in Sailor Moon. After graduating from Kyoritsu University of

masks:
Takeuchi
Takeuchi
Ikuko Takeuchi
Takeuchi
Takeuchi
Takeuchi
Takeuchi


title: Naoko Takeuchi

texts: Pharmacy, at the age of 19, <mask> entered the manga industry by submitting her work Love Call to Kodansha; <mask> received Nakayoshi's New Artist award for Love Call. She worked steadily on one-shot pieces until writing Maria, which was published in Nakayoshi from early to mid-1990. This work, <mask>'s first serial comic, was loosely based on Jean Webster's 1912 novel Daddy-Long-Legs and on her friend Marie Koizumi, who helped write it. After completing Maria, <mask> worked on the ice-skating series The Cherry Project, which was serialized in Nakayoshi from late 1990 to 1991. While working on The Cherry Project, <mask> wanted to do a manga on outer space and girl fighters.Her editor, Fumio Osano, asked her to put the fighters in sailor suits. This concept would later become a one-shot called Codename: Sailor V, which would later begin serialization in RunRun. When Toei Animation planned to adapt her manga into an anime series, she reworked Sailor V and added four other superheroines. In December 1991, Nakayoshi began serializing Sailor Moon, which became an instant hit. The success encouraged <mask> to work on both Sailor Moon and Sailor V from 1991 to 1997. However, RunRun was canceled with the November 1997 issue, and the planned Sailor V anime adaptation was canceled along with it. During that six-year period, she produced 52 chapters, which were collected in 18 volumes.The success of the manga led to a 200-episode anime adaptation, three animated films, numerous video games, and wide-ranging merchandising. At the series' end, <mask> worked on PQ Angels for Nakayoshi. This

masks: Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi


title: Naoko Takeuchi

texts:
 gained a fair amount of popularity, but was canceled due to Kodansha losing seven pages of her manuscript. <mask> said that Toei Animation had the manuscript, therefore it would have been possible to create an anime adaptation of the series. <mask>'s own studio is called "Princess Naoko Planning" (PNP). <mask> established PNP to manage her properties, mainly Sailor Moon. The studio later encompassed Yoshihiro Togashi's work as well and appeared in the credits for such anime as Level E and Hunter × Hunter.Its name also appears on the musical credits for Shin Kaguya Shima Densetsu and other projects. 1998–2009
Following the loss of seven pages of <mask>'s PQ Angels manuscript, Osano departed Kodansha and the plans for the Materials Collection were canceled. <mask> departed Kodansha for Shueisha. On August 13, 1998, <mask> made her first appearance in the United States at the San Diego Comic-Con International convention for three days. That same year, she published the first Sailor Moon artbook since her departure from Kodansha, Sailor Moon Infinity Collection Art Book with limited releases. While working on her short comic strip Princess <mask> Takeuchi Back-to-Work Punch! !, <mask> met Yoshihiro Togashi at a Weekly Shōnen Jump meeting hosted by Kazushi Hagiwara, and had a meeting arranged between them by voice actress Megumi Ogata.She collaborated with Togashi as an assistant (doing screentone) and as a manager on volume 1 of Hunter × Hunter. However, the work and the demands proved more than she had expected, and as a result, <mask> left Shueisha. Around this time, <mask>

masks: Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Naoko Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi


title: Naoko Takeuchi

texts: conceived the idea for a one-shot called Toki☆Meka, which eventually turned into Toki☆Meca. Togashi had a similar idea at the same time as her, but never fully brought it to fruition. He helped somewhat with Toki☆Meka at this point in developing the idea by drawing some concept sketches, which <mask> showed in Toki☆Meca volume 1. Togashi and <mask> married in 1999. From this marriage, the couple have two children: a son, born in January 2001, and another child, born in 2009.After Kodansha's rights to Sailor Moon expired, <mask> returned to the publisher in 1999 to develop and publish the Materials Collection. She also began serializing Love Witch, but it was cancelled. <mask> started to work on the reprints of Sailor Moon and Sailor V, and published Toki☆Meca in Nakayoshi. In 2003, <mask> became heavily involved in producing Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon, a tokusatsu television series based on Sailor Moon, as she had an interest in learning more about the anime industry. This culminated in the creation of Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon. The series displays a plot that is heavily reliant on the manga and also explores many themes that the manga was unable to explore. She showed up at the official conference with a fist up, meaning "good luck", in Act Zero.After the production of Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon ended in 2004, <mask> continued to work on Toki☆Meca. During the manga's serialization, Osano returned as her editor. <mask> also worked more closely with managing PNP and gave talks to college students. At the same time, she wrote a children's book titled Oboo-nu- to Chiboo-nu- as a


title: Naoko Takeuchi

texts:
 birthday present to her son. (Togashi provided illustrations for the book; <mask> made mention of this in the back of the first volume of Toki☆Meca.) She still works on the website, updating it about once a month with new flash animations or profiles. 2010–2019

In 2012, it was announced that a new Sailor Moon anime adaptation was in development.With it, <mask> started a Kanzenban version of the manga, which was announced by Osano, and will include fixed past mistakes and new covers for the manga. Color pages are also included for the title pages. There was also an artbook announced, and she has been working on merchandise, which was announced by Osano on his Twitter feed. The new reboot anime, Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Crystal, debuted in July 2014. It streamed on Niconico bi-weekly, and ended in July 2015, spanning a total of 26 episodes, which cover the Dark Kingdom and Black Moon arc of the manga. <mask> wrote the ending theme song, , under the her penname, "Sumire Shirobara". The series eventually gained its 13-episode third season, Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Crystal Season III, covering the Infinity arc of the manga (subtitled Death Busters), and aired weekly on Japanese television from April to June 2016.2020–present

In 2020, the two volumes of official  of the Sailor Moon manga was released on June 29, with <mask> providing new illustrations for both covers. In 2021, <mask> chief supervised the production of the two-part anime film, Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Eternal: The Movie, which adapted the Dream arc of the manga (subtitled Dead Moon), and acted as a "fourth

masks: Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi Takeuchi


title: Naoko Takeuchi

texts:
 season" to the Sailor Moon Crystal series. Both films were released in 2021 in Japanese theaters, with the first film on January 8, and the second film on February 11. <mask> also provided the lyrics for the theme song, , under the name of "Sumire Shirobara". Works

Manga

Anime

Sailor Moon (1990's series)

Sailor Moon Crystal (2014 reboot series)

Illustrations
 Mermaid Panic Volumes 1–3 (written by Marie Koizumi)
 Atashi no Wagamama (written by Marie Koizumi)
 Zettai, Kore o Ubbatte Miseru (written by Marie Koizumi)

Written books
 Oboo-nu- to Chiboo-nu- (illustrated by Yoshihiro Togashi)
 A children's book written for her son's birthday. Song lyrics
<mask> wrote the lyrics for a number of songs featured in the Sailor Moon anime and live-action series. Though mainly character-based image songs, they include a few theme songs.These include:

 Maboroshi no Ginzuisho ("Illusionary Silver Crystal") – background song for Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon
 Ai wo Shinjiteru ("Believe in Love") – image song for Sailor Moon
 Chikara wo Awasete ("Combining Power") – image song for Taiki/Sailor Star Maker
 Ginga Ichi Mibun Chigai na Kataomoi ("Unrequited Love a Station Apart in the Galaxy") – image song for Seiya/Sailor Star Fighter
 Honoo no Sogekimono ("Flame Sniper") – image song for Sailor Mars
 Initial U – image song for Sailor Uranus
 Katagoshi ni Kinsei ("Venus Over My Shoulder") – PGSM image song for Sailor Venus
 Kirari*SailorDream! ("Sparkling Sailor Dream!") – theme song for Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon
 Luna! She also won for "Love Call", which won Nakayoshi's New Artist award which

masks: Takeuchi Takeuchi


title: Andrianjafy

texts:
King <mask> (before -1787) also known as Andrianjafinandriamanitra and Andrianjafinjanahary, was the king of Imerina Avaradrano, the northern part of the central highlands of Madagascar with its capital at Ambohimanga. His father Andriambelomasina bequeathed him the rule of Avaradrano while designating his nephew Ramboasalama to follow Andrianjafy in the order of succession. Andrianjafy did not accept this decree, instead preferring that his own son succeed him, and sought retribution against citizens of Avaradrano who acknowledged the latent authority of his nephew. In order to prevent Ramboasalama from rising to power, Andrianjafy devised a series of failed plans to kill his nephew. The king's ineffectiveness as a ruler and despotic behavior contributed to declining popularity among the people of Avaradrano. Popular support for Ramboasalama produced a coup d'état in which he replaced <mask>ina. <mask> fled to Ilafy, where he rallied an army and tried unsuccessfully to recapture the throne.He was put to death in 1787 by followers of Andrianampoinimerina. Early life
Andrianjafy was a son of King Andriambelomasina of Imerina Avaradrano and his first wife, Rasoherimananitany. When he was born, an astrologer made an unfavorable prediction, declaring, "This child will not possess what Andrianjakanavalomandimby and Andriantsimitoviaminiandriana left - he will fritter it away." As a young man he married Ranavalondrajaka of Ilafy, with whom he had two sons, Ralaitokana and Ratsiantahana, and one daughter, Ratsimiantanasoa. Before his death, King Andriambelomasina assigned his sons to govern four fiefs within


title: Andrianjafy

texts:
 the territory, giving the largest and easternmost territory of Avaradrano to Andrianjafy. At the same time he designated his sister's son Ramboasalama to follow Andrianjafy in the order of succession, stating "Ramboasalama will succeed Andrianjafy, because today I give the right to rule to Andrianjafy, but tomorrow and at the end it will belong to Ramboasalama." Reign
In 1770 Andrianjafy succeeded upon the death of his father, who was one of many victims of a major famine in Imerina.Oral histories recount that <mask> felt his authority was threatened by his nephew Ramboasalama, who frequently made promises to the populace regarding his future reign. <mask>'s jealousy prompted him to put to death citizens of his territory who engaged his nephew in such promises. <mask> occasionally displayed his power in despotic fashion, such as by engaging the armies of a Sakalava prince to attack Hiaramy and Faliary, two communities already under his control, and massacring the inhabitants without provocation. Andrianjafy failed to consistently apply the law in his realm, particularly in regard to the punishment of criminals. The resulting increase in impunity and decline in security in Avaradrano contributed to declining popular support of his rule. The king's public image was further tarnished by his increasingly hostile behavior toward Ramboasalama, in disregard of the wishes of Andrianjafy's father, Andriambelomasina. Oral history describes him as prone to anger and violence, which he did not hesitate to inflict against women and children.He is also said to have frequently seized the property and valuables of

masks: Andrianjafy Andrianjafy Andrianjafy


title: Andrianjafy

texts:
 his people for his own use without justification or compensation. Dethronement
Initially, Andrianjafy may have been willing to accept his father's declared order of succession. This most likely changed when Ranavalondrazaka, Andrianjafy's wife, unexpectedly gave birth to a son. She persuaded Andrianjafy to disregard his father's decree and name their own son Ralaitokana as successor in place of Ramboasalama. Andrianjafy agreed to this proposal and devised a series of ruses to kill his nephew and clear the path to the throne for his son. In one instance, <mask> invited his nephew to listen to music from a nearby cliff, intending to push him over the edge; Andriantsimitovizainitrimo, <mask>'s brother, warned his nephew of the plot, and Ramboasalama declined the invitation on the pretext of illness. In another instance, <mask> claimed to be ill and sent for Ramboasalama with the intention of murdering him once they were alone together, but once again <mask>'s brother warned his nephew of the danger.The king then planned to have Ramboasalama murdered during a planned excursion through a nearby swamp, but Ramboasalama was warned and stayed behind. <mask> became bolder and decided to send a group of assassins to Ramboasalama's residence in Ambohimanga; confident of his plan, he showed the funeral goods he had prepared for Ramboasalama to his brother, and then departed his stronghold at Ambohimanga for a circumcision ceremony to be held at Ilafy. Andriantsimitovizainitrimo promptly sent a messenger to his nephew instructing him to flee. Rather than leave Ambohimanga, Ramboasalama followed the advice of an

masks: Andrianjafy Andrianjafy Andrianjafy Andrianjafy Andrianjafy


title: Andrianjafy

texts: elder who instructed him to sacrifice a ram to invoke ancestral protection. The elder then gathered the twelve most respected men of Ambohimanga and thirty soldiers, and rallied them to enforce the decree of Andriambelomasina by overthrowing Andrianjafy and swearing allegiance to Ramboasalama, who took the throne name Andrianampoinimerina. The support of the Tsimahafotsy, inhabitants of Ambohimanga, ensured the defense of the city against efforts by Andrianjafy to reclaim his capital and his authority. Enraged, Andrianjafy took revenge against his brother Andriantsimitovizainitrimo, whom he murdered by pulling him from his bed, which was raised in the traditional style over fifteen feet above the ground.<mask> rallied the people of his home village of Ilafy to fight against those of Ambohimanga. Both sides were armed with spears and firearms. An initial battle at Marintampona saw the Ilafy army defeated. Both sides regrouped for a second confrontation at Amboniloha, which took place at night and did not end in a definitive win for either side. In the morning, <mask> moved his army north of Anosy and the two sides clashed again in a battle that lasted two days. The Ilafy army lost the skirmish and retreated to their village. After losing these battles, the residents of Ilafy decided to submit to Andrianampoinimerina.To rid themselves of Andrianjafy, the people encouraged him to travel to Antananarivo and Alasora to seek allies in the defense of their town. Once he had departed, the villagers barred the town gates and announced their desire to enforce the decree of Andriambelomasina. Seeking support to

masks: Andrianjafy Andrianjafy


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
<mask> (born Margaret Ann Bulkley,  – 25 July 1865) was a military surgeon in the British Army. Originally from the city of  Cork in Ireland, <mask> obtained a medical degree from the University of Edinburgh Medical School, then served first in Cape Town, South Africa, and subsequently in many parts of the British Empire. Before retirement, <mask> had risen to the rank of Inspector General (equivalent to Brigadier) in charge of military hospitals, the second-highest medical office in the British Army. <mask> not only improved conditions for wounded soldiers, but also the conditions of the native inhabitants, and performed the first recorded caesarean section by a European in Africa in which both the mother and child survived the operation. Although <mask>'s entire adult life was lived as a man, <mask> was named Margaret Ann at birth and was known as female in childhood. <mask> lived as a man in both public and private life, at least in part in order to be accepted as a university student, and to pursue a career as a surgeon. <mask>'s biological sex became known to the public and to military colleagues only after a post-mortem examination.Early life

Other than some personal correspondence, there are few sources of information about the non-military parts of <mask>'s life. The scant available evidence provides a skeleton onto which a great deal of myth and speculation has been added by various commentators. In his detailed research into <mask>'s early life, Michael du Preez states that <mask> was born in Cork in 1789, a birth date based on Mrs Bulkley's description of her child being fifteen years old in a letter dated 14

masks:
James Miranda Steuart Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts: January 1805. Various other sources give birth dates of 1792, 1795, and 1799, but these dates are almost certainly the result of <mask> later lying on official documents to aid passing as a man. <mask> was the second child born to Jeremiah and Mary-Ann Bulkley, and was given the name Margaret Anne. Mary-Ann Bulkley was the sister of <mask>, a celebrated Irish artist and professor of painting at London's Royal Academy. Jeremiah Bulkley ran the weigh house in Merchant's Quay, Cork.However, anti-Catholic sentiment led to his dismissal from this post. This and subsequent financial mismanagement left Mary-Ann and <mask> without the support of either Jeremiah Bulkley (whose debts led to him spending time in the Marshalsea debtors' prison in Dublin) or later the Bulkleys' married son John. A third child appeared in the Bulkley family and was named Juliana. Although presented as being <mask>'s sister, it is possible that she was <mask>'s daughter as a result of childhood sexual assault, as after <mask>'s death the charwoman who discovered <mask>'s sex when laying out the body reported that pregnancy stretch marks were present. The teenage <mask> was educated with the prospect of becoming a tutor, but given a lack of evidence of any work history, the Bulkleys appear to have struggled to find <mask> any suitable tutoring positions. A conspiracy appears to have developed between <mask>, Mary-Ann Bulkley and some of the late <mask>'s influential, liberal-minded friends (General Francisco de Miranda, Dr Edward Fryer, who had become <mask>'s personal tutor, and Daniel Reardon, the family's solicitor) to enable the teenage <mask> to

masks:
Barry
Barry
James Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
James Barry
Barry
Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts: enter medical school. The University of Edinburgh was chosen and Mary-Ann and <mask> boarded a Leith smack on 30 November 1809.And so, Margaret Anne Bulkley became <mask>, nephew of the late <mask> RA, and remained known thus for the next 56 years. In a letter to Daniel Reardon, sent on 14 December, <mask> asked for any letters addressed to Margaret Bulkley to be forwarded to Mary-Ann Bulkley (whom <mask> now refers to as "my aunt"), and mentions that '...it was very usefull  for Mrs. Bulkley (my aunt) to have a Gentleman to take care of her on Board Ship and to have one in a strange country...'. Although the letter was signed "<mask>", the solicitor indiscreetly wrote on the back of the envelope 'Miss Bulkley, 14 December'; this crucial piece of evidence was the one which enabled researchers to finally confirm that Margaret Bulkley and <mask> were one and the same. Arriving in Edinburgh in November 1809, <mask> began studies at the Medical School as a 'literary and medical student'. <mask>'s short stature, unbroken voice, delicate features and smooth skin led many to suspect that <mask> was a young boy not past puberty, and the University Senate initially attempted to block <mask>'s application for the final examinations due to this apparent youth. However, the Earl of Buchan, a friend of Dr Fryer and <mask>'s late namesake, persuaded the Senate to relent and <mask> qualified Medicinae Doctor (MD) in 1812. <mask> then moved to London, signing up for the Autumn Course 1812/1813 as a pupil of the United Hospitals of Guy's and St Thomas', whose teachers included Henry Cline and celebrated surgeon Astley Cooper.On 2 July

masks:
Barry
James Barry
James Barry
Barry
Barry
James Barry
James Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
 1813, <mask> successfully passed the examination of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Career

Upon joining the army, <mask> was commissioned as a Hospital Assistant in the British Army on 6 July 1813, taking up posts in Chelsea and then the Royal Military Hospital in Plymouth, achieving a promotion to Assistant Surgeon to the Forces, equivalent to lieutenant, on 7 December 1815. Following this military training, <mask> was posted to Cape Town, South Africa in 1816. Through Lord Buchan, <mask> had a letter of introduction to the Governor, Lieutenant General Lord Charles Henry Somerset. Following the successful, even spectacular, treatment of Lord Charles's sick daughter, <mask> was welcomed into the family, maintained a close friendship with the Governor, and became his personal physician. In 1822 Somerset appointed <mask> as Colonial Medical Inspector, an extraordinary jump in expectations from <mask>'s low military rank, which brought with it great responsibility. Over ten years of work in the Cape, <mask> effected significant changes, among them improvements to sanitation and water systems, improved conditions for enslaved people, prisoners and the mentally ill, and provision of a sanctuary for the leper population.<mask> also performed one of the first known successful Caesarean sections in which both mother and child survived; the child was christened <mask> Munnik in <mask>'s honour, and the name was passed down through the family, leading to <mask>'s name being borne by a later Prime Minister of South Africa, J. B. M. Hertzog. <mask> also gained enemies by criticising local officials and their handling of

masks:
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
James Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts: medical matters, but the advantage of a close relationship with the Governor meant that the repercussions of these outspoken views were usually smoothed over. <mask> was promoted to Surgeon to the Forces on 22 November 1827. <mask>'s subsequent posting was to Mauritius in 1828. In 1829, <mask> risked a great deal of trouble by going absent without leave to return to England and treat Somerset, who had fallen ill, and remained there until Somerset's death in 1831. <mask>'s subsequent posting was to Jamaica, and then the island of Saint Helena in 1836.At St Helena, one clash with a fellow army surgeon resulted in <mask> being arrested and court-martialled on a charge of "conduct unbecoming of the character of an Officer and a Gentleman". <mask> was found not guilty, and honourably acquitted. In 1840 <mask> was posted to the Leeward Islands and Windward Islands of the West Indies, there focusing on medicine, management and improving the conditions of the troops, and receiving a promotion to Principal Medical Officer. In 1845, <mask> contracted yellow fever and left for England for sick leave in October. After being cleared for duty, <mask> was posted to Malta in 1846. Here <mask> was severely reprimanded for inexplicably taking a seat in the local church that was reserved for the clergy, and had to deal with the threat – and eventual actuality – of a cholera epidemic, which broke out in 1850. The following posting was to Corfu in 1851, which brought with it a promotion to the rank of Deputy Inspector-General of Hospitals on 16 May, equivalent to lieutenant colonel.In 1857 <mask> was posted to Canada, and granted the local

masks: Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
 rank of Inspector General of Hospitals (equivalent to Brigadier General) on 25 September. In that position, <mask> fought for better food, sanitation and proper medical care for prisoners and lepers, as well as soldiers and their families. This local rank was confirmed as substantive on 7 December 1858. Wherever <mask> served across the British Empire, improvements were made to sanitary conditions and the conditions and diet of both the common soldier and other, under-represented groups. <mask> was outraged by unnecessary suffering, and took a heavy-handed and sometimes tactless approach to demanding improvements for the poor and underprivileged which often incited anger from officials and military officers; on several occasions <mask> was both arrested and demoted for the extremity of this behaviour. <mask> held strict and unusually modern views about nutrition, being completely vegetarian and teetotal, and, while keeping most personal relationships distant, was very fond of pets, particularly a beloved poodle named Psyche. Playwright Jean Binnie's radio play <mask> (BBC, 1982) identified John Joseph Danson as the black servant <mask> first employed in South Africa and who remained with <mask> until the doctor's death.Death

Despite protesting the decision, <mask> was forcefully retired by the army on 19 July 1859 due to ill health and old age, and was succeeded as inspector general of hospitals by David Dumbreck. After a quiet retirement in London, <mask> finally died from dysentery on 25 July 1865. The identity of the woman who discovered the truth of <mask>'s physical sex is disputed, but she was probably a

masks:
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Doctor Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
 charwoman who also laid out the dead. The charwoman, after failing to elicit payment for her services, sought redress in another way; she visited <mask>'s physician, Major D. R. McKinnon, who had issued the death certificate upon which <mask> was identified as male. The woman claimed that <mask>'s body had been biologically  female and had marks suggesting <mask> had at one point borne a child. When McKinnon refused to pay her, she took the story to the press, and the situation became public. It was discussed in an exchange of letters between George Graham of the General Register Office, and Dr McKinnon.Sir,

It has been stated to me that Inspector-General Dr <mask>, who died at 14 Margaret Street on 25 July 1865, was after his death found to be female. As you furnished the Certificate as to the cause of his death, I take the liberty of asking you whether what I have heard is true, and whether you yourself ascertained that he was a woman and apparently had been a mother? Perhaps you may decline answering these questions; but I ask them not for publication but for my own information. Your faithful servant

George Graham

McKinnon's response was as follows:
Sir,

I had been intimately acquainted with the doctor for good many years, both in London and the West Indies and I never had any suspicion that Dr <mask> was a woman. I attended him during his last illness, (previously for bronchitis, and the affection for diarrhoea). On one occasion after Dr <mask>'s death at the office of Sir Charles McGregor, there was the woman who performed the last offices for Dr <mask> was waiting to speak to me. She wished to obtain some

masks:
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
James Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
 prerequisites [sic in source, but has to be a slip for perquisites, "perks"] of his employment, which the Lady who kept the lodging house in which Dr <mask> died had refused to give her.Amongst other things she said that Dr <mask> was a female and that I was a pretty doctor not to know this and she would not like to be attended by me. I informed her that it was none of my business whether Dr <mask> was a male or a female, and that I thought that she might be neither, viz. an imperfectly developed man. She then said that she had examined the body, and was a perfect female and farther that there were marks of him having had a child when very young. I then enquired how have you formed that conclusion. The woman, pointing to the lower part of her stomach, said 'from marks here. I am a maried woman and the mother of nine children and I ought to know.'The woman seems to think that she had become acquainted with a great secret and wished to be paid for keeping it. I informed her that all Dr <mask>'s relatives were dead, and that it was no secret of mine, and that my own impression was that Dr <mask> was a Hermaphrodite. But whether Dr <mask> was a male, female, or hermaphrodite I do not know, nor had I any purpose in making the discovery as I could positively swear to the identity of the body as being that of a person whom I had been acquainted with as Inspector-General of Hospitals for a period of years. Yours faithfully,

D.R. McKinnon

After the matter was made public, many people claimed to have known of it all along. The British Army, seeking to suppress the story, sealed all records of <mask> for the next 100 years. The

masks: Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
 historian Isobel Rae gained access to the army records in the 1950s, and concluded that the painter <mask> was indeed <mask>'s uncle.<mask> was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery, with a Portland stone headstone inscribed Dr <mask> Inspector General of Hospitals. It was claimed by several sources that John, the manservant who always attended <mask>, returned to Jamaica, but his actual fate is unknown. Gender and personal life

In a letter chiding John Bulkley, <mask>'s older brother, for abandoning legal studies for the military, 19-year-old <mask> wrote: "Was I not a girl I would be a Soldier!" <mask>'s interest in medicine was probably encouraged by the liberal-minded friends of the late <mask> RA, and just before travelling to Edinburgh to enroll as a medical student in 1809, <mask> assumed a male identity. <mask>'s short stature, slight build, unbroken voice, delicate features and smooth skin led others to suspect that <mask> was not a man but a pre-pubescent boy. This identity was maintained through surgical training and recruitment into the British Army which, at officer rank level, did not then require a medical examination. During <mask>'s first posting abroad to Cape Town in South Africa, <mask> became a close friend of the Governor, Lord Charles Somerset, and his family.It has been suggested that Lord Charles discovered <mask>'s secret and that the relationship was more than friendship. Their closeness led to rumours and ultimately an accusation briefly appearing on a bridge post in Cape Town on 1 June 1824 saying that the writer had "detected Lord Charles buggering <mask>", which led to a court trial and

masks:
James Barry
Barry
Barry
James Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
James Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Dr Barry
Dr Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts: investigation, as homosexuality was at that time strictly illegal. Despite these allegations, if Somerset was aware of <mask>'s sex, he did not reveal it. Despite efforts to appear masculine, witness reports comment on <mask>'s effeminacy and on a somewhat contradictory reputation – <mask> had a reputation for being tactless, impatient, argumentative and opinionated, but was also considered to have had a good bedside manner and famous professional skill. <mask>'s temper and bravado led to a famous pistol duel with Captain Josias Cloete of the 21st Light Dragoons. <mask>'s aim was better, the bullet striking Cloete's shako military cap and removing its peak, which dissipated its force. During the Crimean War (1854–1856), <mask> got into an argument with Florence Nightingale.After <mask>'s death, Nightingale wrote that: I never had such a blackguard rating in all my life – I who have had more than any woman – than from this <mask> sitting on his horse, while I was crossing the Hospital Square with only my cap on in the sun. "He" kept me standing in the midst of quite a crowd of soldiers, Commissariat, servants, camp followers, etc., etc., every one of whom behaved like a gentleman during the scolding I received while "he" behaved like a brute . . . After "he" was dead, I was told that (<mask>) was a woman . . . I should  say that (<mask>) was the most hardened creature I ever met. <mask> would never allow anyone into the room while undressing, and repeated a standing instruction that "in the event of his death, strict precautions should be adopted to prevent any examination of his person" and that the body should be


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
 "buried in [the] bed sheets without further inspection". Intersex controversy

Kubba and Young picked up on Major McKinnon's statement that he did not know whether <mask> was "male, female or hermaphrodite" and suggested that it might be more appropriate to say that <mask> was "hermaphrodite" [or intersex] rather than "female", and "may have had ambiguous genitalia".These suppositions are based on the premise that "Concealment of one's sex for ...  40 years in the British Army, is simply unbelievable". However, du Preez and Dronfield show how <mask> might have been able to conceal this secret from all but a few people, and those who did know did not reveal it while <mask> was alive. N. Turner has commented on Kubba and Young's conclusion that the belief in an intersex condition was based on "vanishingly slim evidence". Holmes also raises the possibility of <mask> being intersex, but acknowledges the impossibility of knowing, expressing surprise that this is a problem for so many people. The suggestion that <mask> may have been intersex has been criticised for both biological and social reasons. In a review of Holmes' biography, Loudon firmly rejects the implication that <mask> might have been intersex. Some theorists have voiced the opinion that the intersex theory is an attempt to undermine that someone born female could have achieved as much as <mask> did, with one biographer writing, "Dr. <mask> couldn't have been a woman, for women and medicine were contradictory terms ...it was still too much to imagine that any female could perform as brilliantly as Dr. <mask> had done."In popular culture

The story of <mask> is

masks:
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
James Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
 briefly told in Zoya Voskresenskaya's novel Devochka v Burnom More (Girl in the Stormy Sea, 1969), whose action takes place during WWII. A 1982 BBC Radio 4 production appears to be the first dramatic representation of <mask>. The 45-minute play, <mask> by Jean Binnie, was re-broadcast as recently as 2018. In 1994, Anna Massey played <mask> in an episode of the BBC drama-documentary The Experiment. <mask> was compared with Hannah Cullwick, who "was experimented on by Arhur Munby, who believed that women in servile labour could earn a nobility of the soul". <mask>'s life is the subject of the historical novel <mask> <mask> (published in the United States as The Doctor) by Patricia Duncker. A 2004 play, Whistling Psyche by <mask>, imagines a meeting between <mask> and Florence Nightingale.In 2012, the UK folk duo Gilmore and Roberts included a song about <mask> called <mask> on their album The Innocent Left. In April 2018, Rachel Weisz said that she is developing a biopic of <mask>, and intends to produce and star in it. In February 2019, E.J. Levy's novel about <mask> was acquired by Little, Brown and Company. The announcement was met with controversy because Levy refers to <mask> as "she" and a "heroine," though Levy has stated that the novel also refers to <mask> as "he" and "I". The novel was published in June 2021, and it tells the story of a fictional woman named Perry, who is based on <mask>. See also
 Albert Cashier, American Civil War soldier
 Amelio Robles Ávila, Mexican revolutionary
 Enriqueta Favez, a woman who became a physician and surgeon while dressing as a man
 Margaret King, a woman who disguised herself

masks:
Barry
Dr Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
James Miranda
Barry
Sebastian Barry
James Barry
Barry
Doctor James
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry
Barry


title: James Barry (surgeon)

texts:
 as a man in order to attend medical school
Sarah Emma Edmonds, a woman who served in the American Civil War as a field nurse while disguised as a man

References

Notes

Citations

Sources

 Text.Pdf. du Preez, HM. "Dr <mask> (1789–1865): The Edinburgh Years". Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 2012; 42:258–65. Kronenfeld, Anne and Ivan: The Secret Life of Dr. <mask> <mask> (historical fiction)

Ouellette, Sylvie: Le Secret du Docteur <mask> (historical fiction)  (Canada) and  (France)

Further reading

External links

 The Mysterious Doctor <mask>

1790s births
1865 deaths
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery
Deaths from dysentery
British duellists
English surgeons
Irish surgeons
Royal Army Medical Corps officers
Historical figures with ambiguous or disputed gender

masks:
James Barry
James Miranda
Barry
Barry
James Barry


title: Adam Ferziger

texts: Professor <mask><mask> (born November 10, 1964, in the Flatbush section of Brooklyn) is an intellectual and social historian whose research focuses on Jewish religious movements and religious responses to secularization and assimilation in modern and contemporary North America, Europe and Israel. <mask> holds the Samson Raphael Hirsch Chair for Research of the Torah with Derekh Erez Movement in the Department of Jewish History and Contemporary Jewry at Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel. He is a senior associate at the Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies and is co-convener of the annual Oxford Summer Institute for Modern and Contemporary Judaism. He has served as a visiting professor/fellow in College of Charleston (2017), Wolfson College, University of Oxford, UK (2013), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (2012), and University of Shandong, Jinan, China (2005). In 2011, he received Bar-Ilan's "Outstanding Lecturer" award. <mask> has published articles in leading academic journals of religion, history, and Jewish studies and is the author or editor of seven books including: Exclusion and Hierarchy: Orthodoxy, Nonobservance and the Emergence of Modern Jewish Identity (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005); Orthodox Judaism – New Perspectives, edited with Aviezer Ravitzky

masks:
Adam S
. Ferziger
Ferziger
Ferziger


title: Adam Ferziger

texts:
 2009), 494-546. "From Demonic Deviant to Drowning Brother: Reform Judaism in the Eyes of Orthodoxy (1983-2007)," Jewish Social Studies 15, 3 (Spring/Summer 2009), 56-88. "Religion for the Secular: The New Israeli Rabbinate," Journal of Modern Jewish Studies 7, 1 (March 2008), 67-90. "Holy Land in Exile: The Torah MiTzion Movement – Toward a New Paradigm for Religious Zionism," in Chaim I. Waxman (ed.)Religious Zionism: Future Directions (New York: Yeshiva University Press, 2008), 373-414. "Church/Sect Theory and American Orthodoxy Reconsidered," in Stuart Cohen and Bernard Susser (eds. ), Ambivalent Jew (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary, 2007), 107-124. "The Religious Extremist as Halakhic Adjudicator – Rabbi Hayyim Sofer," in Meir Litvak and Ora Limor (eds. ), Religious Extremism (Jerusalem: Merkaz Shazar, 2007), 85-112 [Hebrew]. "The Emergence of the Community Kollel: A New Model for Addressing Assimilation," Rappaport Center for Assimilation Research - Research and Position Paper #13 (Ramat Gan, 2006). "Orthodox Identity and the Status of Nonobservant Jews: A Reconsideration of the Approach of Rabbi Jacob Ettlinger," in Yoseph Salmon, Aviezer Ravitzky, and <mask><mask> (eds.), Orthodox Judaism – New Perspectives (Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 2006), 179-209 [Hebrew]
Orthodox Judaism in America in the Late

masks:
Adam S
. Ferziger


title: Andy Lau

texts:
<mask>k-wah  (; born 27 September 1961) is a Hong Kong actor, singer-songwriter and film producer. He has been one of Hong Kong's most commercially successful film actors since the mid-1980s, performing in more than 160 films while maintaining a successful singing career at the same time. In the 1990s, <mask> was branded by the media as one of the Four Heavenly Kings of Cantopop and was named as "Fourth Tiger" among the Five Tiger Generals of TVB during the 1980s. In the Philippines, he was previously given the screen name Ricky Chan. <mask> entered into the Guinness World Records for the "Most Awards Won by a Cantopop Male Artist". By April 2000, he had already won an unprecedented total of 292 awards. <mask> also holds numerous film acting awards, having won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor three times and the Golden Horse Award for Best Leading Actor twice.In 2005, <mask> received the "No.1 Box office Actor 1985–2005" award of Hong Kong, yielding a box office total of HK$1,733,275,816 for shooting 108 films in the past 20 years, and in 2007, he received the "Nielsen Box Office Star of Asia" award by the Nielsen Company (ACNielsen). On 25 June 2018, <mask> was invited to be a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Early life
<mask> was born in Tai Po, Hong Kong, a son of a fireman <mask> (劉禮). He was the fourth child of the family; he has three elder sisters, one younger sister, and a younger brother named <mask>-sing. His

masks:
Andy Lau Ta
Lau
Lau
Lau
Lau
Lau
Andy Lau
Lau Lai
Lau Tak


title: Andy Lau

texts:
 family was considered to be wealthy as his grandfather was a landowner, but his father left with him to the slums of Diamond Hill when he was six, where the area was full of wooden houses, and was burnt down when he was eleven. As a young boy, <mask> had to fetch water for his family up to eight times a day because their house was not equipped with plumbing. He graduated from a Band One secondary school, Ho Lap College in San Po Kong, Kowloon.He was named as <mask>-wing (劉福榮) during his academic years. He also practices Chinese calligraphy. <mask> converted to Buddhism in the 1980s. He was raised in a nominally Buddhist household and is now a follower of the Lingyan Mountain Temple in Taiwan. Career

Actor

In 1981, <mask> signed up for the artist training program offered by TVB, which is where his acting career began. The lead role which led to his initial popularity was in the 1982 TVB series The Emissary. In 1983, <mask>'s role as "Yang Guo" in the TVB wuxia series, The Return of the Condor Heroes (神鵰俠侶) further increased his popularity.From then on, he took on many of the lead roles in many TVB series. In September 1983, TVB was looking to increase their ratings in competition with Korea and Japan for the best variety show. The station then created the show TVB All-star challenge (星光熠熠勁爭輝) featuring almost the entire line-up of the most popular actors and singers at the time. <mask>, along with Tony Leung, Michael Miu, Felix Wong, and Kent Tong were

masks:
Lau
Lau Fook
Lau
Lau
Lau
Lau


title: Andy Lau

texts: branded as the "Five Tiger Generals of TVB" (無線五虎將) due to their popularity on the show. In the late '80s, <mask> left TVB due to contract problems. TVB wanted to bind him to an exclusive five-year contract which <mask> refused to sign, so TVB blacklisted him. He then focused on his film career.In 1981, <mask> made a guest appearance in one of Susanna Kwan's music videos and caught the eye of the manager Teddy Robin. Teddy Robin then gave <mask> a chance to play a small role in the film, Once Upon a Rainbow. This was the first step in <mask>'s film acting career. He landed a role in Ann Hui's 1982 film, Boat People. Later in 1983 he had his first leading role in the Shaw Brothers-produced action film, On the Wrong Track. One of his early leading roles included the more serious 1988 film, The Truth (法內情). However, <mask> is best known in films for his (often) recurring roles as a "Heroic Gangster", such as Wong Kar-wai's 1988 film As Tears Go By (旺角卡門) and Benny Chan's 1990 film A Moment of Romance.Although now a respected actor, <mask> was initially known more for his handsome features. Some people he has worked with have called him a matinee idol, but he has claimed to be an artist. <mask> has proved his acting skills in many of his films. His first major acting prize came with A Fighter's Blues, which was his first Golden Bauhinia Award for Best Actor. He won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor award that year for Running Out of Time. In 2004, he

masks: Lau Lau Lau Lau Lau Lau Lau Lau


title: Andy Lau

texts:
 won the Golden Horse Award for Best Leading Actor for his performance in Infernal Affairs III, the second sequel to the popular Infernal Affairs. In 2005, <mask> received the "No.1 Box office Actor 1985–2005" award of Hong Kong, yielding a box office total of HKD 1,733,275,816 for shooting 108 films in the past 20 years.The aforementioned figure is as compared to the first runner-up Stephen Chow's (HKD 1,317,452,311) and second runner-up Jackie Chan's (HKD 894,090,962). "I've never imagined that it would be as much as 1.7 billion!" he told reporters. For his contributions, a wax figure of <mask> was unveiled on 1 June 2005 at the Madame Tussauds Hong Kong. In 2007, <mask> also received the "Nielsen Box Office Star of Asia" award by the Nielsen Company (ACNielsen). In February 2021, <mask> reunited with Tony Leung since the Infernal Affairs series in the big-budget action film Once Upon a Time in Hong Kong, backed by Emperor Motion Pictures and mainland Chinese partners, with a reported budget of around $30.8 million (RMB200 million). Film producer
In 1991, <mask> set up his own film production company, Teamwork Motion Pictures, which in 2002 was renamed to Focus Group Holdings Limited.His contributions in the film industry as well as his involvement in nurturing new talent in the Asian film industry led him to winning the "Asian Filmmaker of the Year" award in the Pusan International Film Festival in 2006. Some of the films <mask> has produced include

masks: Lau Lau Lau Lau Lau Lau


title: Andy Lau

texts:
 award-winning films, Made in Hong Kong and A Simple Life, his 100th film, A Fighter's Blues, the Chinese digital film Crazy Stone, and big budget action blockbusters, Firestorm and Shock Wave. Musical career

<mask> released his first album "Only Know that I Still Love You" (只知道此刻愛你) under Capital Artists in 1985. This album was not a big hit, but despite having a voice not traditionally associated with popular music, <mask>'s hard work and perseverance resulted in him becoming one of the most successful singers in Cantopop. His singing career reached stellar status in 1990 with the release of the album entitled "Would It Be Possible" (可不可以), and his subsequent releases only solidified his status as a marketable singer. For that song, he won his first 1990 RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards. He then won at least one RTHK award category every year consecutively until the year 2007.From Jade Solid Gold Top 10 Awards he has won the "Most Popular Hong Kong Male Artist" award 7 times and the "Asia Pacific Most Popular Hong Kong Male Artist" award 15 times. He was also entered into the Guinness World Records for "Most Awards Won by a Cantopop Male Artist". By April 2000, he had already won an unprecedented total of 292 awards. Many of <mask>'s songs quickly topped the music charts not only in Hong Kong, but also in Taiwan, Mainland China, and in many different parts of Asia. Some of his most notable hits include "The Days We Spent Together" (一起走過的日子), "If You Are

masks: Lau Lau Lau


title: Andy Lau

texts: My Legend" (如果你是我的傳說), "The Tide" (潮水), "Forget Love Potion" (忘情水), "True Forever" (真永遠), "Chinese people" (中國人), "Love You Forever" (愛你一萬年), "You Are My Woman" (你是我的女人), and "Secret Admiration" (暗裡著迷). Besides singing in Cantonese and Mandarin, he has also sung in other languages such as English, Japanese, Malay, and Taiwanese Hokkien. One example of a Hokkien song was (世界第一等), and he has also performed a Cantonese cover of Joan Jett's "I Hate Myself for Loving You" (我恨我痴心).Since the early 1990s, <mask>, along with Jacky Cheung張學友, Aaron Kwok 郭富城 and Leon Lai 黎明, have been referred to by the Chinese media as the Cantopop Four Heavenly Kings. <mask> sang alongside Jackie Chan during a part of the 2008 Summer Olympics closing ceremony on 24 August 2008. In addition, <mask>, who has been supporting disabled athletes in Hong Kong for more than a decade, was appointed as the Goodwill ambassador for the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He led other performers in singing and performing the song "Everyone is No.1" at the Beijing National Stadium just a few hours before the 2008 Paralympics opening ceremony began. He also sang the theme song "Flying with the Dream" with Han Hong during the Paralympics opening ceremony on 6 September 2008. As a songwriter, most of <mask>'s creative works are as a lyricist. To date, <mask> has composed five songs, which include "Missing You Everyday" (天天想你), co-composed with Eric Moo, "If One Day" (如果有一天), "Happiness Is So Far...So Sweet"

masks: Lau Lau Lau Lau Lau