title: John Fitch (inventor)

texts:
 Forge.In 1780, <mask> began work as a surveyor in Kentucky, where he recorded a land claim of  for himself. In the spring of 1782, while surveying in the Northwest Territory, he was captured by indigenous people and turned over to the British, who eventually released him. Steam-powered boat

By 1785, <mask> was done with surveying and settled in Warminster, Pennsylvania, where he began working on his ideas for a steam-powered boat. Unable to raise funds from the Continental Congress, he persuaded various state legislatures to award him a 14-year monopoly for steamboat traffic on their inland waterways. With these monopolies, he was able to secure funding from businessmen and professional citizens in Philadelphia. <mask> had seen a drawing of an early British Newcomen atmospheric engine in an encyclopedia, but Newcomen engines were huge structures designed to pump water out of mines. He had somehow heard about the more efficient steam engine developed by James Watt in Scotland in the late 1770s, but there was not a single Watt engine in America at that time, nor would there be for many years (Fulton's exported model in his 1807 steamboat, Clermont, would be one of the first) because Britain would not allow the export of any new technology to its former colony.As a result, <mask> attempted to design his own version of a steam engine. He moved to Philadelphia and engaged the clockmaker and inventor Henry Voigt to help him build a working model and place it on a boat. The first successful trial run of his steamboat Perseverance was made on the Delaware River on August 22, 1787, in the presence of delegates from the Constitutional Convention. It was propelled by a bank of oars

masks: Fitch Fitch Fitch Fitch


title: John Fitch (inventor)

type: original

texts: on either side of the boat. During the next few years, <mask> and Voigt worked to develop better designs, and in June 1790 launched a  boat powered by a steam engine driving several stern-mounted oars. These oars paddled in a manner similar to the motion of a swimming duck's feet. With this boat, he carried up to 30 paying passengers on numerous round-trip voyages between Philadelphia and Burlington, New Jersey during the summer of 1790.Estimates of miles traveled that summer range from 1,300 to 3,000, and <mask> claimed that the boat often went for 500 miles without mechanical problems. Estimated speeds were of a minimum 6 miles per hour under unfavorable conditions, to a maximum of 7 or 8 miles per hour. <mask> was granted a U.S. patent on August 26, 1791, after a battle with James Rumsey, who had also invented a steam-powered boat. The newly created federal Patent Commission did not award the broad monopoly patent that <mask> had asked for, but rather a patent of the modern kind, for the new design of <mask>'s steamboat. It also awarded steam-engine-related patents dated that same day to Rumsey, Nathan Read, and <mask>. The loss of a monopoly due to these same-day patent awards led many of <mask>'s investors to leave his company. While his boats were mechanically successful, <mask> no longer had the financial resources to carry on.<mask>'s idea would be turned profitable two decades later by Robert Fulton. Though Fulton was able to obtain a monopoly in the state of New York because of the powerful influence of his partner Robert Livingston, he was unable to gain a U.S. patent largely because he could not demonstrate the originality of his designs. Also, an original

masks:
Fitch
Fitch
Fitch
Fitch
Fitch
John Stevens
Fitch
Fitch
Fitch


title: John Fitch (inventor)

texts:
 member of <mask>'s company, William Thornton, had become head of the newly created Patent Office, and made the application process even more difficult for Fulton. <mask> had also received a patent in 1791 from France, and in 1793, having given up hope of building a steamboat in America, he left for France, where an American investor, Aaron Vail, had promised to help him build a boat there. But <mask> arrived just as the Reign of Terror was beginning, and his plans had to be abandoned. He made his way to London to make an attempt there, but that also failed. He returned to the United States in 1794 and made a few more tries to build a steamboat.Failing this, he moved to Bardstown, Kentucky, in 1797, where he hoped to sell some of the lands he had acquired there in the early 1780s, and use the proceeds to build a steamboat for use on the Ohio or Mississippi River. He arrived to find settlers occupying his properties, resulting in legal disputes that occupied him until his death on July 2, 1798 in Bardstown. Steam locomotive
While living in Kentucky, <mask> continued to work on steam engine ideas. He built two models. One was lost in a fire in Bardstown, but the other was found in the attic of his daughter's house in Ohio in 1849. That model still exists at the Ohio Historical Society Museum in Columbus. In the 1950s, a curator from the Smithsonian Museum examined it and concluded that it was "the prototype of a practical land-operating steam engine," meant to operate on tracks – in other words, a steam locomotive.It was not until four years after <mask>'s death that Englishman Richard Trevithick, in 1802, invented a full-size steam locomotive which, in 1804, hauled the

masks: Fitch Fitch Fitch Fitch Fitch


title: John Fitch (inventor)

texts:
 world's first locomotive-hauled railway train, and within a short time the British invention led to the development of actual railways. Americans began importing English locomotives and copying them. Death
A life of continual failure, frustration and litigation wore <mask> down. He began drinking heavily once he returned to Bardstown in 1797. <mask> died of an overdose of opium pills, in what may have been suicide. He died on July 2, 1798, age 55, and was buried in Bardstown. Legacy
<mask>'s legal dispute over state monopoly rights with fellow steamboat inventor James Rumsey and others helped bring about the enactment of the first Patent Act of 1790.He is mentioned in the personal letters of several historical figures, including George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison. Memorials
Despite his obscurity among other American inventors and engineering pioneers, such as Fulton and Peter Cooper, <mask>'s contributions have not been forgotten and he has been remembered with a number of memorials and namesakes. The <mask>tch Steamboat Museum on the grounds of Craven Hall in Warminster, Pennsylvania, includes a one-tenth scale (-long),  model of <mask>'s original steamboat. Other remembrances include:
 An 1876 fresco in the United States Capitol by Constantino Brumidi depicts <mask> working on one of his steamboat models. A memorial to <mask> stands in Bardstown, Kentucky's Courthouse Square with a replica of his first steamboat. A small Fitch Monument in Warminster, Pennsylvania, was moved in September 2012 from York and Street Roads to the Craven Hall Historical Society site and site of the John Fitch Steamboat Museum, at the southeast corner of

masks:
Fitch
Fitch
Fitch
Fitch
John Fi
Fitch
Fitch
Fitch


title: John Fitch (inventor)

texts:
 Street & Newtown Roads in Warminster
 <mask> Fitch High School was built on Bloomfield Avenue in Windsor, Connecticut in 1922. It became an elementary school in 1952, and was converted to elderly housing in 1988, called Fitch Court, but its facade still bears <mask>'s name and likeness carved in stone.It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The <mask> Elementary School in Levittown, Pennsylvania. The state of Connecticut designated US 5 through South Windsor and East Windsor as "<mask> Fitch Boulevard". The four-lane highway runs parallel to, and often within sight of the Connecticut River. There is also a small stone monument, erected in 1914, on King Street in South Windsor, Connecticut, marking the approximate spot of <mask>'s birthplace. The state of New Jersey designated a section of NJ 29 in Trenton, along the Delaware River, the <mask>tch Parkway. <mask>'s journal and memoirs were published many years later as The Autobiography of <mask>.See also
 Howard Steamboat Museum – includes exhibits about Fitch

Notes and references

Notes

References
 Sutcliffe, Andrea. Steam: The Untold Story of America's First Great Invention. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. Boyd, Thomas, <mask> <mask>: Inventor of the Steamboat (1972) Manchester, NH:  Ayer Company Publishers  ;
 Prager, Frank, editor (1976) The Autobiography of <mask> Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society
 Watson, <mask>. (1850), Annals of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania, King and Baird
 Wescott, Thompson (1857), The life of <mask>, the inventor of the steamboat, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Company. "<mask>tch." Dictionary of American Biography.1928–1936. "<mask>." Webster's American

masks:
John
Fitch
John Fitch
John
John Fitch
John Fi
Fitch
John Fitch
Poor John
Fitch
John Fitch
John F
John Fitch
John Fi
John Fitch


title: John Fitch (inventor)

texts:
 Biographies. G&C Merriam Co. 1975. Clark, BEG. "Steamboat Evolution, A Short History", publisher Lulu,

External links

  "JOHN FITCH," by <mask>. Lienhard
 John Fitch Steamboat Museum website

1743 births
1798 deaths
American inventors
American clockmakers
Foundrymen
Continental Army soldiers
People from Warminster, Pennsylvania
People from South Windsor, Connecticut
People of colonial Connecticut
Suicides in Kentucky
18th-century


title: Brenno de Winter

texts:
<mask> (born 6 December 1971, in Ede) is a former Dutch ICT and investigative journalist. He writes for Linux Magazine, Computer!Totaal, NU.nl, and Webwereld, and is a commenter for the PowNews programme on PowNed TV. <mask> is also a podcaster and hosts Laura Speaks Dutch. He caused controversy by submitting requests for information on the basis of the Open Government Act (WOB) to include Jeltje van Nieuwenhoven (regarding her role as OV ambassador) and hundreds WOB requests to all Dutch municipalities and provinces. Because not all agencies fulfilled the WOB requests, <mask> filed lawsuits against them. The Dutch Association of Journalists (NEY) supported <mask>. A court in The Hague ruled in <mask>'s favour on 4 May 2010.In April 2010, <mask> was involved in the disclosure of the expenditure of the FENS funds (1.3 billion euros) by the NS. After the publications  and media appearances of <mask> related to the ease and simplicity of the OV-chipkaart, the public transport smart card in the Netherlands, the Minister of Infrastructure and Environment was able to get the NVB in Haaglanden about a one-month postponement. Due to the disclosure, the District Attorney decided to open a criminal investigation against <mask>; however, after a legal defence fund met its goals within an hour. Open source software
Since 1993, <mask> has developed software for commercial applications. Since 1995 he focuses on projects with open source software as a basis. From the late 1990s, he gives lectures and trainings on this and advises organizations on their IT security. Journalism
Since 2000, <mask> has been a professional journalist.The articles written by him focus on the business side of the IT industry and the technical aspects of open source software and IT security. In his work as an investigative journalist, he makes frequent use of the WOB. In 2011, the journalism magazine Villamedia named <mask> journalist of the year. In July 2012, <mask> broke a story about Dutch

masks:
Brenno de Winter
Brenno
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter


title: Brenno de Winter

texts:
 employers' censorship, after an employee of Dutch company Unisys Netherlands was threatened with termination for giving a presentation about online censorship for the conference Last H.O.P.E., in New York. In September 2012, <mask> <mask> Nieuwenhoven wrote a report during her function as OV (public transport) ambassador called "The OV-chipcard, the Traveler and Confidence" which concluded that "many travelers are not very concerned about privacy; it's only an issue when the media makes an issue of it. However, a small amount privacy is important."<mask> found that these statements, other statements, and recommendations in this report were not substantiated, and so sent a WOB request in order to gain an understanding of the data on which these claims are based. De Nieuwenhoven rejected this application; <mask> presented this to court. The OV-chipcard/MIFARE uses 48-bit encryption and offers no modern security features. Netherlands in Open Connection

During the program's Open Standards and Open Source Software, later as part of the Open Source Software Strategy (for the government), (OSOSS) (2002–2007) and its successor Netherlands in Open Connection (NOiV) (2008–2011), <mask> followed developments critically. It turned out that the House of Representatives did not follow its policy on the implementation by the IT departments of the government. <mask> issued a WOB request to the Dutch Association of Municipalities (VNG) to gain more insight into the performance. When the VNG refused to make the information public, <mask> filed a lawsuit, and later, WOB requests to all individual municipalities, provinces, and many independent administrative bodies.<mask> was on 16 December 2009 at the presentation of the Book A wall of rubber in the WOB in journalistic practice for to criticism from the parliamentarian Pierre Heijnen (PvdA). This was criticised by the other attendees at the meeting, including former minister Bram Peper. Criminal proceedings and dismissal

In

masks:
de Winterje
de
De Winter
De Winter
de Winter
De Winter
de Winter
Winter


title: Brenno de Winter

texts:
 2011 <mask> was the subject of a criminal investigation. For uncovering weaknesses in the chip card and the central system, the Public Prosecutor assumed he was illegally cracking the cards. The company behind the chip card has reported. <mask> by the Public Prosecutor considered suspicious for manipulating value cards, possession of means to do so, and computer intrusion. He faced imprisonment for up to six years.<mask> indicates that the manipulation was performed as part of the journalistic investigation into the weaknesses of the OV-chipcard expose and denounced the investigation. In demonstrating the weaknesses were also journalists, among others, the NIS, the public broadcasting Powned, Computerworld, RTV Rijnmond was involved. They would not have reported been made. In order to pay the legal costs, NU.nl, Computerworld, PC-Active, and GeenStijl started a campaign to raise money. Within an hour, the necessary €2,500 was raised and the funds kept coming. The case dragged a while and, according to <mask>, influence on his work. He now also being hindered in his work by the prosecution.The Dutch Association of Journalists supported <mask> in his case. On 8 September, the prosecution announced that <mask> <mask> would not be prosecuted for fraud associated with the smartcard. The prosecutor noted that <mask> acted carefully and the limits of the permissible maxima were not exceeded. Moreover, in this case considered important in that <mask>, a professional journalist, exposed the vulnerability of the smartcard and was criminally investigated for fraud by the request of the corporation associated with the card. Publications
  Computer! Total: Linux in practice, 2004, Addison Wesley,
  Privacy and the Internet: How do I protect my identity?, 2011, Academic Service,
  Open Map, 2011, Academic Service,

References

External links

 Laura Speaks Dutch Podcast
  bigwobber.nl, website, 24 September 2012

1971 births
Living people
Dutch journalists
People from Ede,

masks:
de Winter
Winter
De Winter
Winter
de Winter
Brenno
de Winter
de Winter
de Winter


title: Andy Diggle

texts:
<mask> is  a British comic book writer and former editor of the weekly anthology series 2000 AD. He is best known for his work on Adam Strange and Green Arrow  for DC Comics as well as his creator-owned series The Losers and a run on Hellblazer for DC's Vertigo imprint, and for his stints on Thunderbolts and Daredevil at Marvel. Other credits include Gamekeeper for Virgin Comics, written by <mask> on the basis of a concept created by Guy Ritchie, a three-year run on Robert Kirkman's Thief of Thieves at Image, several short arcs written for IDW Publishing's Doctor Who series and two James Bond mini-series for Dynamite. Early life
<mask> was born in London, England. He became a regular reader of 2000 AD at the age of ten and started reading American comics after picking up an issue of Swamp Thing written by Alan Moore. <mask> graduated from De Montfort University with a degree in Media Studies, where he later returned to teach a part-time module on comics. For a few years, he worked as an administrator at University College London's Department of Town Planning while maintaining his own comics webzine.Career
<mask> began his career in comics as an assistant editor on Judge Dredd Megazine and, after brief stints as the editor of Megazine and Sonic the Comic, took over the editorial duties of 2000 AD. Staying with the magazine for two years, <mask> has been credited (most frequently by David Bishop, who originally hired him for Judge Dredd

masks:
Andy Diggle
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle


title: Andy Diggle

texts: Megazine) for spearheading a return to the "old school" values of 2000 AD. In 2001, <mask> won the Eagle Award in the "Favourite Editor" category. Around the same time, he began contributing to 2000 AD and Judge Dredd Megazine as a writer, creating Snow/Tiger with artist <mask> and the Judge Dredd spin-off Lenny Zero in the first of numerous collaborations with artist Jock, and co-writing the crossover between Judge Dredd and the Aliens franchise with veteran 2000 AD creator John Wagner. In 2002, <mask> left his editorial position to become a full-time writer. In 2003, <mask> entered the American comic book industry with a Hellblazer spin-off mini-series Lady Constantine for DC Comics' Vertigo imprint. That same year, <mask> and Jock both signed an exclusive 2-year contract with DC and launched the Eagle Award-winning and Eisner Award-nominated series The Losers that was later adapted into a feature film of the same name.In 2004, <mask> wrote the first six issues of a relaunched Swamp Thing ongoing series at Vertigo and made his DC Universe debut with an 8-issue limited series Adam Strange, following up with a creator-owned series Silent Dragon, drawn by Leinil Francis Yu and published via DC's Wildstorm imprint. In 2007, <mask> wrote the inaugural arc for Batman Confidential, an ongoing series set in the early years of Batman's crime-fighting career, reteamed with Jock for Green Arrow: Year One, a mini-series updating the origin of Green

masks:
Diggle
Andy Clarke
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle


title: Andy Diggle

texts: Arrow, and took over the writing duties of Vertigo's longest-running ongoing series Hellblazer. Outside of DC, <mask> wrote Gamekeeper for Virgin Comics, based on a concept by Guy Ritchie, and the webcomic prequel to the Bionic Commando video game after having been hired to script a playable test level during the game's development. In 2009, <mask> became the writer of Marvel's Thunderbolts, seeing the titular team through the company-wide storyline "Dark Reign" and a crossover with Deadpool. As part of "Dark Reign", <mask> also penned the 5-issue miniseries featuring the villain character Bullseye in the guise of the Avenger Hawkeye. In early 2009, <mask> signed an exclusive contract with Marvel and became the writer of Daredevil following the departure of Ed Brubaker. <mask>'s storyline, which began in the Dark Reign: The List—Daredevil one-shot and continued with issue #501 of Daredevil, was initially planned to be told in the ongoing series, but Marvel offered to expand it into a small-scale crossover event for the company's "street-level" characters.The crossover event, titled "Shadowland", ran for three months, with <mask> writing the core 5-issue mini-series and co-writing the tie-in storyline in Daredevil with Antony Johnston. <mask> followed up on "Shadowland" with a 4-issue epilogue mini-series Daredevil: Reborn, drawn by Davide Gianfelice, with whom he subsequently reunited for the western mini-series Six Guns, his last work for

masks: Diggle Diggle Diggle Diggle Diggle Diggle Diggle


title: Andy Diggle

texts: Marvel to date. 2010 saw the release of <mask>'s first work in the graphic novel format, Rat Catcher, published as part of Vertigo's then-recently launched line of crime books. The following year, he was hired to develop a Volkswagen Scirocco promotional campaign for the Chinese market. In 2012, <mask> returned to British comics with the first fully creator-owned collaboration between himself and Jock, Snapshot, originally serialized in Judge Dredd Megazine and subsequently reprinted for the American market, and a new installment of Lenny Zero, illustrated by Ben Willsher. That same year, he became the "series architect" for IDW Publishing's Doctor Who featuring the adventures of the Eleventh Doctor and joined the "writer's room" of Robert Kirkman's Thief of Thieves series at Image. Later in the year, <mask> and artist Tony Daniel were announced as the new creative team for The New 52 iteration of Action Comics following the departure of writer Grant Morrison and artist Rags Morales.Discussing his plans for the series, <mask> stated that he wanted to put "action" back into Action Comics and bring the character of Superman closer to the "wholesome Christopher Reeve version" as opposed to the more aggressive, hot-headed version introduced during The New 52 initiative. <mask> announced his exit from the title shortly thereafter, one month before the release of his first issue, citing "professional reasons", with Tony Daniel taking over the

masks: Diggle Diggle Diggle Diggle Diggle


title: Andy Diggle

texts:
 writing duties. In 2013, <mask> began writing for Dynamite, starting with the paranormal crime series Uncanny with artist Aaron Campbell. Later in the year, <mask> announced his second creator-owned title at Dynamite, Control, to be drawn by Ben Oliver. The series, described as a "hard-hitting crime comic", was eventually released in 2016 with Oliver-drawn covers and interior art by Andrea Mutti. In addition to his creator-owned work, <mask> has also made several contributions to Dynamite's line of James Bond comics, starting with the 6-issue mini-series James Bond: Hammerhead, illustrated by Luca Casalanguida. In 2018, <mask> penned a one-off tale for DC Comics' Green Lanterns series and launched a new volume of Shadowman at Valiant.Personal life
<mask> is married to Angela Cruickshank, with whom he co-wrote the crime mini-series Control. The character of <mask>, created for The CW series Arrow and later introduced to comics, was named after <mask> in acknowledgement of the influence of Green Arrow: Year One on the TV series' tone and writing. Bibliography

UK publishers

Work as editor
Judge Dredd Megazine (Fleetway):
Judge Dredd Megazine vol. 3 #35–49 (as assistant editor, 1997–1999)
Judge Dredd Megazine vol. 3 #50–59, 69–73 (as commissioning editor, 1999–2001)
Judge Dredd Megazine vol. 3 #60–68 (as editor, 1999–2000)
Batman/Judge Dredd: Die Laughing #1–2 (as assistant editor, DC Comics/Fleetway, 1998)
The Best of 2000 AD Special Edition

masks:
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle
Diggle
John Diggle
Andy Diggle


title: Andy Diggle

texts:
 vol. 2 #1–2 (as reprint editor, Fleetway, 1999–2000)
Sonic the Comic #169–184 (as editor, Egmont, 1999–2000)
2000 AD #1200–1273 (as editor, Fleetway/Rebellion, 2000–2002)

Work as writer
Daily Star: "Robomania" (with Ron Smith, episodes #3732–3773 of the daily newspaper strip featuring Judge Dredd, published by Reach plc from March 7 to April 14, 1998)
Judge Dredd Megazine (anthology, Fleetway/Rebellion):
Lenny Zero (with Jock, in vol.3 #68 and vol. : "Rogue Trooper" (with Colin Wilson, in #1771, 2012) collected in Rogue Trooper: Tales of Nu-Earth Volume 4 (tpb, 288 pages, 2014, )Lenny Zero: "Zero's 7" (with Ben Willsher, in #1792–1799, 2012) collected in Mega-City Undercover Volume 3 (tpb, 112 pages, 2016, )

DC ComicsHellblazer Special: Lady Constantine #1–4 (with Goran Sudžuka, Vertigo, 2003) collected as Hellblazer: Lady Constantine (tpb, 96 pages, 2006, )The Losers (with Jock, Shawn Martinbrough (#7–8), Nick Dragotta (#13–14), Alé Garza (#15), Ben Oliver (#20–22) and Colin Wilson (#26–28), Vertigo, 2003–2006) collected as:Book One (collects #1–12, tpb, 304 pages, 2010, )Book Two (collects #13–32, tpb, 480 pages, 2010, )Swamp Thing vol. 4 #1–6 (with Enrique Breccia, Vertigo, 2004) collected as Swamp Thing: Bad Seed (tpb, 144 pages, 2005, )Adam Strange vol. 2 #19: "Hybrid, Part One" (with Tony Daniel, 2013)
 Despite planning a longer run on the series, <mask> left the title one month before the publication of issue #19. Image:Thought


title: Amar Goswami

texts:
<mask> (; 28 November 1945 – 26 June 2012) was a senior journalist and one of the prominent fiction writers of Hindi literature. His work includes satires, short stories, poems, novels, novelettes and translations from Bengali to Hindi. He was associated with Kathantar, Vikalp, Aagamikal, Sampa, Manorama, Ganga, Sunday Observer (Hindi), Bharti Features, Uxhur Bharat, Bharatiya Jnanpith, Remadhav Publications. His stories have been aired on All India Radio and short films have been made on his stories. Biography

Early life
He was born in Multan (undivided India) in one of the affluent Brahmin families. At the age of 2, his family moved from Multan (now in Pakistan) to Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh. He graduated with an MA (Hindi), Shahitya Shiromani (Gold Medallist) and Shahitya Ratna from Allahabad University.Early influences
He used to live in his ancestral house in Mirzapur, and he found a Pandora's Box of Hindi literature in the collection of "Saraswati" editions. As a child he was influenced by the literally articles published in the Saraswati magazine, and started writing in the very early age. He was one of the regular members of the school debate team and won several debate and writing competitions. In his adolescent, he started writing poems and started reciting poems in literally group and meeting conducted by Rotary Club, Mirzapur. He has also written a book on history of Mirzapur. Allahabad and inclination towards prose
He moved to Allahabad to study. commerce, at Allahabad University.Allahabad was considered at that time the literary capital of India. He became associated with


title: Amar Goswami

texts:
 stalwarts of Hindi literature like Sumitranandan Pant, Shailesh Matiyani, Naresh Mehta, Mahadevi Verma, Ilaychand Joshi and many more. He became one of the regular features of literally meetings (Sahitic Ghosthi). During that time he wrote many stories, which were broadcast on All India Radio and published in Hindi dailies like Aaj, Dainik Bhaskar, and various other magazines. He also published a literally magazine "Kathantar" and associated with Vikalp (a magazine of Late Shri. Shailesh Matiyani), Aagamikaal (a magazine of Late Shri Naresh Mehta) and Manorama (Mitra Prakashan) and Sampa (Children Magazine)

Vaichariki days

<mask>swami formed a group to organise literary meetings named "Vaichariki" in Allahabad. The literally meeting (sahitic ghosti) was an open forum where all the participants used to discuss and share their views about the most recent works of the Hindi writers of the time.It used to happen once in a month where the guest speaker used to preside in the meeting and start the discussion about the recent works of participants. The meetings featured most of the prominent Hindi writers like Sumitranandan Pant, Illaichand Joshi, Naresh Mehta, Shailesh Matiyani and many more

Delhi and focus on cosmopolitan life
After coming to Delhi, he changed his style of writing, which included the life, problems and the struggle of common man and middle class society in the metropolitan city. He used his wit to highlight the struggle of the common man and he wrote some of the masterpieces like Kalakar, Harap Ram Gadap, Buzo Bahadur, Juta, Apna Utsav, Govind Gatha etc. His first


title: Natalia Kukulska

texts:
<mask> (born March 3, 1976) is a Polish singer performing pop and R&B music, turning towards alternative electronica in the 2010s. She debuted as a child singer in 1986, and released her first "adult" solo album in 1996. Her most popular songs include "Dłoń", "Piosenka światłoczuła", "Im więcej ciebie tym mniej", "W biegu", "Tyle słońca w całym mieście" and "Wierność jest nudna". She has sold over 1.8 million albums as of 2014. Early life

<mask> was born on March 3, 1976, in Warsaw. She is the daughter of the late singer Anna Jantar, who was extremely popular in the 1970s and died in the 1980 LOT plane crash, and the late composer Jarosław Kukulski, who also wrote songs for Irena Jarocka, Krzysztof Krawczyk, Eleni and many more. She also has a half-brother from her father's second marriage, Piotr Kukulski.She attended XXI Social High School in Warsaw ("XXI Społecznym Liceum Ogólnokształcącym w Warszawie"), and graduated in 1995. Career

She began singing professionally in 1984. In 1986 she released her debut studio album, simply titled '<mask>'. The music publishing studio began promoting her two singles "Puszek Okruszek" and "Co powie tata". A year later, she released her second album entitled "Bajki Natalki" ('Natalia's Fairy Tales'), for which she received the first platinum record in the history of Polish phonography. In 1991 she recorded her first CD with Christmas carols entitled "Najpiękniejsze kolędy" ('The Most Beautiful Christmas Carols'). She promoted the album with the singles "Dłoń" and "Piosenka światłoczuła", both of which reached the 32nd place in the Polish Radio's Third Program.The popular songs was certified gold for high domestic sales. In 1995, she

masks:
Natalia Kukulska
Kukulska
Natalia


title: Natalia Kukulska

texts: was nominated for the Fryderyk award of the Polish phonographic industry in the Album of the Year - Pop category. In 1997, she released a studio album entitled Pulse, which she promoted with the singles "Im więcej ciebie tym mniej", "W biegu" and "Czy ona jest", as well as her own interpretation of Barbra Streisand's song "Woman in Love". The album was called Double Platinum, three months after its premiere. In November 1997, <mask> released her song "Ani słowa", during the promotion of Walt Disney Studio's animated film Hercules, during its premiere. On January 26, 1998, <mask> and the Dutch music duo R'n'G recorded the song "We'll Be Together", which in 2001 appears on their album "The Right Time", which was released all over Europe. In September 1998, she recorded Polish version songs for the movie Quest for Camelot; "On My Father's Wings" ('Niech Duch Ojca niesie mnie') and duet with Andrzej Piaseczny "If I Didn't Have You" ('Jesteś blisko mnie').She was chosen by producer and composer of the movie, David Foster. On March 1, 1999, she released an album entitled "Autoportret" ('Self-portrait'), in which she promoted with the singles "Przychodzimy tylko raz", "Skończyło się" and "Zanim wszystko się odwróci". Also in her album included a new version of the hit song "Tyle słońca w całym mieście" from the repertoire of her mother Anna Jantar and a cover of the hit "Heartbreaker" by Dionne Warwick. On June 4, 1999, <mask> takes part in the 36th National Festival of Polish Song in Opole, where, apart from her recital, she also conducts a debut concert with Mietek Szcześniak. On March 13, 2000, the album "Tyle Słoń" is released as a recording of the concert dedicated to the

masks: Kukulska Kukulska Kukulska


title: Natalia Kukulska

texts: memory of Anna Jantar. The event took place on February 23 at the Jewish Theatre in Warsaw, and leading Polish artists performed on stage alongside <mask>. On April 23, 2001, she presented the album entitled "Tobie", for which she was nominated for Fryderyk in the Album of the Year - Pop category.The publishing studio promoted her singles "Niepotrzebny", "Cicho ciepło" and "Jeśli ona". A bonus track of the album was the song "Z głębi serc", which was dedicated to Pope John Paul II. The album was ranked 1st OLiS with the Gold Record status, and the accompanying promotion, she takes part in 10 outdoor concerts with over 600 thousand people. In April 2004, <mask> makes her debut at the Roma Musical Theater in Warsaw, where she plays the role of Kim, the main character of the musical Miss Saigon, which was directed by Wojciech Kępczyński. On May 12, 2005, the two-disc compilation "Po tamtej stron" was released . The first CD contains 20 songs performed by Anna Jantar, while the second one <mask> performs four songs of her mother and the song "Po tamtej stron" was specially composed for this occasion. In November 2007, she released another studio album entitled "Sexi Flexi", which was produced by the Plan B duo - Bartek Królik and Marek Piotrowski .The album received 5 nominations for the Fryderyk award and achieved the status of a Gold Record. It was promoted by singles: "Sexi Flexi", "Pół na pół" and "Fantasies". In October 2008, she was interviewed as part of CNN's program - "Eye on Poland". On February 24, 2010, accompanied by the Classic Jazz Quartet, she takes part in the concert "Our Contemporary Chopin" as part of the "Chopin Year". During the concert, he performs

masks: Natalia Kukulska Natalia


title: Natalia Kukulska

texts:
 Chopin's songs arranged by Adam Sztaba. In April, she made her debut as a columnist for the Fashion Magazine devoted to fashion. On May 18, together with her husband Michał Dąbrówka, she releases the album "CoMix", signed as the duo Kukulska & Dąbrówka.The recording session was attended by the Polish Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Adam Sztaba. In February 2012, she becomes a trainer in the TVP2 program "Bitwa na głosy" . In 2016 she was a trainer in the seventh edition of TVP2's The Voice of Poland. On May 25, 2018, she released the album entitled Search in Dreams, containing lullabies with lyrics of songs by late Soviet musician Vladimir Vysotsky. It was recorded with jazz guitarist Marek Napiórkowski. The album was awarded a Fryderyk in the category "album of the year (music for children and youth)". In 2021, in the TV show entitled "Zakochany Mickiewicz", which was directed by Marcin Kołaczkowski, she sang Adam Mickiewicz's "Invocation".Personal life

She married musician Michał Dąbrówka in February 2000. They were dating since 1990. <mask> and Dąbrówka live in Komorów near Warsaw. Their first child, Jan Dąbrówka, was born on June 24, 2000. He was named after Michał Dąbrówka's grandfather. On May 4, 2005 she gave birth to her second child and first daughter, Anna Dąbrówka. The girl was named after <mask>'s mother.Kukulska's maternal grandmother, Halina Szmeterling, took care of her after her mother's tragic death. Mrs. Szmeterling lived with her granddaughter and great-grandchildren in Komorów, but died in September 2016 at the age of 92. On July 30, 2016 she announced that she's expecting their third child. On January 5, 2017 in Warsaw she gave birth to a

masks: Kukulska Natalia


title: Anne McClain

texts:
<mask> (born June 7, 1979) is a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Army, engineer and a NASA astronaut. Her call sign, "Annimal", dates back to her bruising rugby days; she also uses the call sign in her Twitter handle, AstroAnnimal. She was a Flight Engineer for Expedition 58/59 to the International Space Station. Education
Born and raised in Spokane, Washington, <mask> wanted to become an astronaut at a young age. In 1997, <mask> graduated from Gonzaga Preparatory School in Spokane. She did a brief stint at Spokane Community College where she played Softball and enrolled in R.O.T.C. at Gonzaga University, waiting on an appointment to the United States Military Academy, West Point, where she earned a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering and was commissioned as an army officer in 2002.She then attended the University of Bath, where she earned a master's degree in aerospace engineering in 2004, and the University of Bristol, where she earned a master's degree in international relations in 2005. Both master's degrees were completed through a Marshall Scholarship. Her work on unsteady aerodynamics and flow visualization of free-to-roll non-slender delta wings was later published through the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. <mask> traveled to Africa for eight weeks with Operation Crossroads Africa, working on a construction project in Uganda. Competitive sports
<mask> is an avid rugby player who has played in Women's Premiership, the top level of the sport in England, and for the United States women's national rugby union team, known as the Women's Eagles. While her U.S. Army commitments thwarted her

masks:
Anne Charlotte McClain
McClain
McClain
McClain
McClain


title: Anne McClain

texts:
 international career in rugby and prevented her participation in the 2006 Women's Rugby World Cup, she participated at that level for a decade interrupted only by her deployment to Iraq, and credits the sport for her success in becoming an astronaut. According to an interview published in the NASA Johnson YouTube channel, <mask> said that the rugby training was helpful when training with a space suit in a neutral buoyancy pool.Military career

Following her studies, McClain qualified as a Bell OH-58 Kiowa Warrior helicopter pilot. She was deployed to the 2nd Battalion, 6th Cavalry Regiment at Wheeler Army Airfield, Hawaii. <mask> rose through the ranks, starting as an Air Traffic Control Platoon Leader, Aviation Intermediate Maintenance Platoon Leader, to Detachment Commander. <mask> was deployed to the Persian Gulf and flew 800 hours and 216 combat missions during the 15 months deployment as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom. In 2009, <mask> participated in Aviation Captain's Career Course and was then assigned to 1st Battalion, 14th Aviation Regiment at Fort Rucker as the battalion operations officer and OH-58D instructor. In May 2010, she was appointed Commander of C Troop, 1st Battalion, 14th Aviation Regiment, responsible for the Army's initial entry training, instructor pilot training, and maintenance test pilot training in the OH-58D Kiowa Warrior. She completed Command and General Staff College and the C-12 fixed wing multiengine qualification courses in 2011 and 2012.She also served as a command squadron intelligence officer. <mask> graduated from the Naval Test Pilot School in June 2013. In total, <mask> has

masks: McClain McClain McClain McClain McClain McClain


title: Anne McClain

texts:
 logged over 2,000 hours on various aircraft type including the Kiowa Warrior, the Beechcraft C-12 Huron, the Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk, and the Eurocopter UH-72 Lakota. NASA career

In June 2013, the same month as her graduation as a test pilot, <mask> was selected by NASA as part of Astronaut Group 21, becoming the youngest astronaut on the NASA roster. She completed training in July 2015, making her available for future missions. She flew to the International Space Station in December 2018 and returned to Earth in June 2019. On December 9, 2020, <mask> was announced as one of NASA's Artemis astronauts.Expedition 58/59
For her first spaceflight assignment, <mask> was assigned to as flight engineer to ISS Expedition 60/61, scheduled for launch aboard Soyuz MS-13 in June–July 2019, although, in January 2018, NASA astronaut Jeanette Epps was removed from the prime crew of Expedition 56/Expedition 57, resulting in her backup, Serena Aunon-Chancellor taking her place on the flight. Due to this, <mask> was moved up to take Aunon-Chancellor's spot on the Expedition 56/57 backup crew, and, in turn, was assignend to the prime crew of Expedition 58/Expedition 59, alongside Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko and Canadian astronaut David Saint-Jacques. The Expedition 58/59 trio launched aboard Soyuz MS-11 to the International Space Station at 06.32 ET (11.32 GMT) on December 3, 2018, from the cosmodrome in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch was originally scheduled for December 20, 2018, but was rescheduled to the earlier date after the failure of Soyuz MS-10 with Expedition 57/58 on October 11, 2018. The crew successfully

masks: McClain McClain McClain McClain


title: Anne McClain

texts:
 rendezvoused with the ISS six hours later, spending just over two weeks with the Expedition 57 crew, whose landing had been delayed due to the aborted launch of MS-10. On March 22, 2019, <mask> and Nick Hague performed their first Spacewalk to install the adapter plates while Dextre swaps the batteries between spacewalks. The extravehicular activity (EVA) lasted 6 hours and 39 minutes.They also removed debris from the Unity Module in preparation for the arrival of Cygnus NG-11 in April, stowing tools for the repair of the flex hose rotary coupler, and securing tiebacks on the solar array blanket boxes. <mask> was scheduled to perform a second EVA on March 29, with Christina Koch, which would have been the first all-female spacewalk, but spacesuit sizing issues resulted in this EVA's being reassigned to Hague and Koch. <mask> conducted a second spacewalk with Saint-Jacques on April 8. <mask>, Saint-Jacques and Kononenko returned to Earth on board Soyuz MS-11 on June 24, 2019. Awards
<mask> is a recipient of the Bronze Star Medal, the Air Medal with Valor device, two additional Air Medals, two Army Commendation Medals, two Army Achievement Medals, the Iraq Campaign Medal with two service stars, the Global War on Terrorism Service Medal, and three Overseas Service Ribbons. Personal life
<mask> married Summer Worden in 2014 and is step-mother to Worden's son. <mask> and Worden divorced in 2019.On August 23, 2019, The New York Times reported that Worden filed a complaint against <mask> through the Federal Trade Commission accusing her of illegally accessing financial information while residing in the International Space

masks: McClain McClain McClain McClain McClain McClain McClain McClain


title: Anne McClain

texts:
 Station. This accusation outed <mask> as lesbian, making her the third known lesbian astronaut after Sally Ride and Wendy B. Lawrence. The claims were later found to be false and <mask> was cleared. On April 7, 2020, Worden was handed a two-count federal indictment on charges of making false statements and is currently awaiting trial. <mask> resides in suburban Houston, Texas. Gallery

See also

 List of female astronauts
 List of female explorers and travelers
 Women in science

References

External links

 NASA Astronaut Biography
 Houston We Have a Podcast: 'Fly 'em All' an interview with <mask>

 Five things you didn't know about  Astronaut <mask> NASA Johnson Space Center, November 30, 2018

1979 births
Living people
United States Military Academy alumni
Alumni of the University of Bath
Alumni of the University of Bristol
Helicopter pilots
People from Spokane, Washington
Military personnel from Spokane, Washington
United States Army personnel of the Iraq War
Female United States Army officers
United States Army astronauts
United States Naval Test Pilot School alumni
Marshall Scholars
American women aviators
American rugby union players
Recipients of the Air Medal
Crew members of the International Space Station
Women astronauts
American sportswomen
Women in the Iraq War
Female rugby union players
American test pilots
American female rugby union players
American aviators
Women military aviators
Lesbian military personnel
LGBT people from Washington (state)
American LGBT military personnel
American engineers
American Senior Army Aviators
United States Army colonels
Sportspeople from Spokane, Washington
21st-century

masks:
McClain
McClain
McClain
Anne McClain
Anne McClain


title: Ian Eagle

texts:
<mask> ( ; born February 9, 1969) is an American sports announcer. He calls NBA, NFL and college basketball games on CBS, TNT, and TBS, as well as Brooklyn Nets games on the YES Network and French Open tennis for Tennis Channel. Other announcing experiences include Army–Navy football games, boxing, and NCAA track and field for CBS. Early life and education
<mask> was born to entertainers <mask> and Monica Maris. Jack, a former "Catskills comedian" and commercial actor, was best known for portraying "Brother Dominic" and "Mr. Cholesterol" in Xerox and Fleischmann's margarine television commercials respectively in the 1970s. Maris was a singer. He graduated from Syracuse University's S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications in 1990.Career

Early career
<mask> began his career by announcing football, basketball, and lacrosse for the Syracuse Orange on WAER, a student run radio station. While at Syracuse, he was in the Alpha Epsilon Pi fraternity. Following his graduation in 1990, <mask> began working for WFAN Radio in New York City as a producer. In 1992, WFAN gave him his own show (Bagels and Baseball). In 1993, <mask> was given pregame and postgame duties for the Jets. 1994 saw <mask>'s first year as a Nets play-by-play radio announcer. A year later, he was made a TV announcer for SportsChannel, which later became Fox Sports Net New York (now MSG Plus).In 1997, WFAN made <mask> play-by-play announcer for Jets games. Later television and radio career
<mask> joined CBS in 1998 doing announcing work for NFL and NCAA basketball. He continues to serve these roles today. In 2010, he joined Dan Fouts to make up the number three broadcast team for CBS' NFL coverage. The pair was elevated to the number two team behind Jim Nantz and Phil Simms in the 2014 season. After Fouts parted ways with CBS, and with the

masks:
Ian Eagle
Eagle
Jack Eagle
Eagle
Eagle
Eagle
Eagle
Eagle
Eagle


title: Ian Eagle

texts: NFL’s playoff expansion, which included CBS gaining rights to an extra playoff game, during the 2020 offseason, the network paired him with former Fox analyst Charles Davis, and the duo now call one of CBS’s Wild Card games every year, and a Divisional Game in even years. Other CBS work includes boxing, The Pilot Pen Tennis tournament, the U.S. Open (both the late night show and daytime studio host for 2008 U.S. Open coverage), and the NCAA Track and Field Championships.Prior to joining the YES Network as Nets announcer in 2002, <mask> served the same role for the Nets on the MSG Network and Fox Sports Net New York. When Marv Albert joined the YES Network prior to the 2005-06 NBA season, the games were split between the two broadcasters, before <mask> again became the primary announcer for the Nets in the 2011-12 NBA season upon Albert's departure. During the 2010 NBA Playoffs, <mask> called two games on TNT, a likely move to promote him to calling national television broadcasts, similar to what Albert, former Minnesota Timberwolves play-by-play man Kevin Harlan and Knicks play-by-play man Mike Breen experienced. He was again called up by TNT for the 2011 NBA Playoffs, pairing with his YES colleague Mike Fratello. He has since continued to cover the NBA Playoffs for TNT through the first 2 rounds, though the amount of games fluctuates on whether the Nets make the playoffs (in 2019 and 2020, with the Nets making the playoffs, he instead covered the team locally on YES and missed the entire 1st round of TNT coverage, with Spero Dedes filling-in. He returned to cover part of the Toronto-76ers 2nd round series for TNT). He also does play-by-play for Thursday Night Football on Westwood One.On Sirius, in addition to his daily talk show, <mask> did a weekly talk show, The Phil Jackson Show, with Los Angeles

masks:
Ian Eagle
Eagle
Eagle
Eagle


title: Ian Eagle

texts:
 Lakers coach Phil Jackson. And <mask> retains his roots to WFAN, occasionally serving as a fill-in talk show host on his old station. <mask> also serves as the voice-over host of NBA Action replaced Spero Dedes in 2005 and previously, NBA Jam. In 2013, he called the international telecasts of the 2013 NBA Finals alongside Jim Spanarkel, his partner on Nets broadcasts on YES. Prior to the 2019-20 NBA season, it was announced that as a replacement to the recently eliminated "Players Only" broadcasts which occurred on Tuesday nights beginning during the 2nd half of the season, TNT would instate a more traditional broadcast format to their Tuesday Night slate of games. <mask> was announced to be one of the play-by-play announcers to the weekly scheduled doubleheader, along with Brewers announcer Brian Anderson. <mask> will be partnered with either Stan Van Gundy or Jim Jackson.Since <mask> pronounces his first name "EYE-un" (instead of the more common "EE-an"), he has often admitted that life was easier prior to the 1986 release of the movie Iron Eagle. In fact, many callers (including prominent sports figures) continue to call him "Iron Eagle"—much to his chagrin. Broadcasting partners

Dan Fouts
Solomon Wilcots
Charles Davis
Clark Kellogg
Bill Raftery
Jim Spanarkel
Doug Gottlieb
Mike Fratello
Steve Lavin
Grant Hill
Chris Webber
Len Elmore
Trent Green
Greg Anthony
Phil Simms (NFL Preseason games only) Fill-in for Jim Nantz
Rich Gannon
Richard Jefferson
Lindsay Davenport
Sarah Kustok

Other announcing
French Open for Tennis Channel
Masters Online commentary of Amen corner 09
Voice of the announcer for NBA 07, 08 and 09 for PSP
NBA playoff announcing for NBA TV
 Westwood One radio play by play 1996 Atlanta Olympics
Hosts NBA Action, a weekly highlights and features show for NBA TV
Announces preseason New York

masks: Eagle Eagle Eagle Eagle Eagle


title: Ian Eagle

texts:
 Jets telecasts on WCBS-TV in New York
Host of Nets Magazine, a look inside the New Jersey Nets for the YES Network
Voiceover for Modell's radio commercials and in-store voiceovers
Voice of NBA Action from 2004 to present
Co-hosts Power Performances presented by Courtyard by Marriott on CBS.Sportsline.com
NFL Thursday Night games on Westwood One, with Trent Green as his color man
Lee Myles Commercials
On the song Games by Dog Eat Dog
Voice of announcer on NBA Shootout video game series by 989 Sports. Commentator and playable character on NBA Playgrounds by Saber Interactive. Personal life
<mask> lives in Essex Fells, New Jersey with his wife Alisa. They have two children, Noah and Erin. Noah, also a Syracuse alum, is a play-by-play announcer for college football on CBS, the Los Angeles Clippers on radio, and held the same role for Nickelodeon's coverage of an NFL Wild Card Game.Awards
Bob Costas Award for Outstanding Sportscasting (while at Syracuse)
(2002, 2013, 2016, 2017)  New York Sports Emmy Award: On Camera Talent: Sports Play by Play
2013 WAER Wall of Fame

References

External links
 SU Article
 NIC Roll of Greeks in Sportscasting
 NBA.com Profile
 NBA.com Broadcaster of the Week

1969 births
American color commentators
American radio sports announcers
American television sports announcers
Boxing commentators
Brooklyn Nets announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
Lacrosse announcers
Living people
National Basketball Association broadcasters
National Football League announcers
New Jersey Nets announcers
New York Jets announcers
People from Essex Fells, New Jersey
S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications alumni
Syracuse Orange football announcers
Syracuse Orange men's basketball announcers
Tennis commentators
Track and field broadcasters
YES


title: Mark Knight (musician)

texts:
<mask> (born 8 January 1973), also known as TDK and Madfiddler, is a British musician, video game music composer and sound designer. He started out writing chiptune and module file music in the Amiga demoscene, and began his games industry career as a composer in 1992. He continued until 2000 when he moved to sound design, and since 2014 has had a split role as a sound designer and composer. Biography
Born in Brighton, East Sussex in England on 8 January 1973, his grandfather started teaching him the violin when he was 6. At 10 years old he was given a Commodore 64 home computer and took an interest in electronic music. Whilst studying in college he began writing music on the Amiga, releasing music within the demoscene. Having been refused a university place to study Music Production in 1992, he was given the opportunity to arrange the Wing Commander soundtrack to the Commodore Amiga home computer which led him to full-time employment with the developer Mindscape.Having left Mindscape in 1997, <mask> wrote the soundtrack for Duke Nukem: Total Meltdown before accepting a position at Bullfrog Productions, a development company owned by Electronic Arts, working on games such as Dungeon Keeper 2, Populous: The Beginning and Theme Park World – which won a BAFTA for Best Sound. In 2000, <mask> changed career direction and lead the sound design team on the EA Sports F1 series, stating that "If truth be told however, it was a simple choice of either F1 or Harry Potter". He left EA in 2003, and after spending time at Visual Science he joined Codemasters in 2007 working on their DiRT, F1 and GRID franchises. <mask> has performed on the electric violin with the folk punk band Tricks Upon Travellers (1994–2000), K-Passa (2000–2001, 2008–present), Blue Horses (2002–2003), 4-4-2 (2004), Laura Kenny (2006), Silver Dogs (2006–2007),

masks:
Mark Alan Knight
Knight
Mark
Knight


title: Mark Knight (musician)

texts:
 Bleeding Hearts (2009–2011) and has worked as a session musician for bands such as Pepe Deluxé, The Divine Comedy, C64 Audio.com, and Frost*. He also administers the Fiddle and Alternative Strings Forum. In 2012 <mask> released his first TDK chiptune album, and continues to compose music in this style and in 2015 <mask> announced his return to video game composition with F1 2015. He was nominated for Best Western Game Composer (2015) at the Annual Game Music Awards.<mask> resigned from Codemasters the day F1 2017 launched and is now running his Audio Production company, SONiC FUEL, full time. He contributed demo-music and patches to the Commodore 64 SID chip emulator, inSIDious, from Impact Soundworks in 2020  and in 2021 he returned to the demoscene by contributing the music for the Melon Design demo, Cortez. Personal life
<mask> Lynne – The Gods AwakenC64Audio – Back in Time 3Frost* – The Dividing LineFrost* – Falling SatellitesJames J Turner – How Could We Be Wrong?Ian Livingstone – Big Fat Gypsy WeddingsK-Passa – Born AgainMichał Cielecki - Shadow Warrior 2Pepe Deluxe – BeatitudePress Play on Tape – Home ComputerSilverDogs – SilverDogsThe Divine Comedy – CasanovaThe Giallos Flame – House at the Edge of the DarkThis Morning Call – DesertedTomorrows Ancestor – Live at StainsbyTricks Upon Travellers – The Last Fish SupperTricks Upon Travellers – Where the Skeletons DanceTricks Upon Travellers – Acoustic Live and Uncut''

References

External links

TDK website
SONiC FUEL website
madfiddler website
Gamesounds website
AMP profile website

1973 births
Living people
British rock violinists
British male violinists
Chiptune musicians
Demosceners
Sound designers
Tracker musicians
Video game composers
Video game musicians
People from Brighton
Musicians from Brighton and Hove
21st-century violinists
21st-century British male

masks: Knight Knight Knight Knightrn


title: Mary Ainsworth

texts:
<mask> (; December 1, 1913 – March 21, 1999) was an American-Canadian developmental psychologist known for her work in the development of the attachment theory. She designed the strange situation procedure to observe early emotional attachment between a child and its primary caregiver. A 2002 Review of General Psychology survey ranked <mask> as the 97th most cited psychologist of the 20th century. Many of <mask>'s studies are "cornerstones" of modern-day attachment theory. Life
<mask> was born in Glendale, Ohio on December 1, 1913, the eldest of three daughters born to <mask> and Charles Salter. Her father, who possessed a master's degree in history, worked at a manufacturing firm in Cincinnati and her mother was a nurse. Both her parents were graduates of Dickinson College who placed "high value on a good liberal arts education" and expected their children to have excellent academic achievements.In 1918, her father's manufacturing firm transferred him and the family moved to Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where Salter would spend the rest of her childhood. Salter was a precocious child who thirsted for knowledge. She began reading by the age of three, and the family would once a week visit the local library where her mother would select appropriate books for her level. She was close with her father, who assumed the duties of tucking her in at night and singing to her, but did not have a warm relationship with her mother; Salter later stated that their relationship was marked by her mother's jealousy and interference with the bond she had with her father. Salter excelled in school, and decided to become a psychologist after reading William McDougall's book Character and the Conduct of Life (1926) at the age of 15.

masks:
Mary Dinsmore Ainsworth
Ainsworth
Ainsworth
Mary Dinsmore Salter
Mary


title: Mary Ainsworth

texts: She began classes at the University of Toronto at the age of 16, where she was one of only five students to be admitted into the honors course in psychology. She completed coursework for her bachelor's degree in 1935, and decided to continue her education at the University of Toronto with the intention of earning her doctorate in psychology.She earned her master's degree in 1936 and her PhD was granted in 1939. Salter's dissertation was titled "An Evaluation of Adjustment Based on the Concept of Security". Her dissertation stated that "where family security is lacking, the individual is handicapped by the lack of a secure base from which to work." After graduation, Salter stayed on at the University of Toronto as a teacher before joining the Canadian Women's Army Corps in 1942. While with the army, Salter began as an Army Examiner who interviewed and selected personnel in Kitchener, Ontario. Her duties included administering clinical evaluations and personnel assessment tests. Soon she was promoted as an Advisor to the Director of Personnel Selection of the Canadian Women's Army Corps, and reached the rank of Major in 1945.After victory in the war, Salter returned to Toronto to continue teaching personality psychology, conducted research, and worked with Klopfer on a revision of the Rorschach. She married <mask>, a graduate student in the Psychology department of University of Toronto, in 1950 and moved to London with him to allow him to finish his PhD at University College London. Although they divorced in 1960, the 10 years of accompanying Leonard to different places for his career gave <mask> the opportunity to meet and work with many influential psychologists including John Bowlby, as well as the occasion

masks:
Leonard Ainsworth
Mary


title: Mary Ainsworth

texts:
 when they moved to Kampala, Uganda where her first "mother-infant" observation was done. After many other academic positions, including a long tenure at Johns Hopkins University, she eventually settled at the University of Virginia in 1975, where she remained for the rest of her academic career until 1984. From then she became a professor emeritus and stayed active until the year of 1992. While working at Johns Hopkins, <mask> did not receive the proper treatment considering her skills and expertise, such as a proper salary she deserved considering her age, experience, and contribution to the job. She had to wait two years for an associate professor position even though her qualifications surpassed the job description.At the time, women had to eat in separate dining rooms than men, which ultimately meant women could not meet male head department members the "normal way". Ainsworth received many honors, including the G. Stanley Hall Award from APA for developmental psychology in 1984., the Award for Distinguished Contributions to Child Development in 1985 and the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the American Psychological Association in 1989. She was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1992. She died on March 21, 1999, at the age of eighty-five due to a stroke. Early work
During graduate school, <mask> studied under the mentorship of William E. Blatz. Blatz focused on studying what he referred to as "security theory." This theory outlined Blatz's idea that different levels of dependence on parents meant different qualities of relationships with those parents, as well as the quality of relationships with future partners.His tiers of dependence were labeled secure

masks: Ainsworth Mary


title: Mary Ainsworth

texts: dependence, independent security, immature dependent security, and mature secure dependence. Blatz theorized that the more secure and mature that the interaction was between individuals, the more likely the relationship to be healthy and without insecurities. After leaving the Canadian Women's corps she returned to Toronto to continue teaching personality psychology and conduct research. She married <mask> in 1950 and moved to London with him to allow him to finish his graduate degree at University College. While in England, <mask> joined the research team of John Bowlby at the Tavistock Clinic, investigating the effects of maternal separation on child development. Comparison of disrupted mother-child bonds to normal mother-child relationship showed that a child's lack of a mother figure lead to "adverse development effects." In 1954, she left the Tavistock Clinic to do research in Africa where she carried out her longitudinal field study of mother-infant interaction.She chose to examine a common weaning practice in the area, in which the child is sent away for several days to live with relatives and "forget the breast." <mask> conducted detailed interviews with families from 6 villages surrounding Kampala, Uganda, but was originally met with a language barrier. In order to overcome this, she made a great effort to learn the language to the extent that she could carry out simple conversation. Through learning this, she developed an appreciation for the culture, and later said, "It is a pity that one cannot require field work in another society of every aspiring investigator of child development." <mask>'s book from that field study, Infancy in Uganda, remains an exceptional and classic ethological study in the

masks:
Leonard Ainsworth
Ainsworth
Ainsworth
Ainsworth


title: Mary Ainsworth

texts:
 development of attachment and demonstrates that the process reflects specific universal characteristics that cross linguistic, cultural and geographic lines. <mask> followed her husband when a position as a forensic psychologist brought him to Baltimore. She spoke on clinical psychology at The Johns Hopkins University.In 1958, she was given a permanent position as an associate professor of developmental psychology. During this time at Johns Hopkins, Ainsworth's professional relationship with John Bowlby grew. While he had previously been a mentor, they started working together as equal partners, exchanging paper drafts for comments and finding the time to meet on rare occasions, since he was still primarily in London. Bowlby gave Ainsworth a copy of his new paper "The Nature of the Child’s Tie to His Mother" for her comments and <mask> was able to provide Bowlby information on her studies of infant-mother attachment in Uganda. Ainsworth underwent a difficult divorce in 1960, but continued with her research. She had an opportunity to present the findings from her Uganda study at a Tavistock Mother-Infant Interaction Study Group in London. It was her first time publicly presenting results, and the reactions were not enthusiastic.The primary question that developmental psychologists brought up was her definition for "attachment." Ainsworth was motivated by this and other questions to create a catalogue of behaviors like "crying when the mother left the room, following her, greeting her on return with smiling, vocalization, excited bouncing, reaching or approach behavior" that she could use to qualify attachment. Strange Situation

In 1965, <mask> designed the Strange Situation Procedure as a way of assessing

masks:
Mary Ainsworth
Ainsworth
Ainsworth


title: Mary Ainsworth

texts: individual differences in attachment behaviour by evoking individual's reaction when encountering stress. The Strange Situation Procedure is divided into eight episodes, lasting for three minutes each. In the first episode, the infant and his or her caregiver enter into a pleasant laboratory setting, with many toys. After one minute, a person unknown to the infant enters the room and slowly tries to make acquaintance. The caregiver leaves the child with the stranger for three minutes; and then returns.The caregiver departs for a second time, leaving the child alone for three minutes; it is then the stranger who enters, and offers to comfort the infant. Finally, the caregiver returns, and is instructed to pick up the child. As the episodes increase the stress of the infant by increments, the observer can watch the infant's movement between behavioural systems: the interplay of exploration and attachment behaviour, in the presence and in the absence of the parent. On the basis of their behaviors, the 26 children in <mask>'s original Baltimore study were placed into one of three classifications. Each of these groups reflects a different kind of attachment relationship with the caregiver, and implies different forms of communication, emotion regulation, and ways of responding to perceived threats. Despite the many findings from her Strange Situation experiment, there was also criticism. It was said to have too much emphasis on the mother and did not measure a general attachment style.It was said that <mask>'s work was biased because the study was conducted with only middle class American families. Critics also believed the experiment was artificial and lacked ecological validity. Anxious-Avoidant Insecure

masks: Ainsworth Ainsworth


title: Mary Ainsworth

texts:
 Strange Situation Procedure 'that observations had to be discontinued.'One percent of infants had responded with high degree of passivity and inactivity in a situation of helpless settings. Disorganized/Disoriented Attachment
A fourth category was added by <mask>'s colleague <mask>. In 1990, <mask> put in print her blessing for the new 'D' classification, though she urged that the addition be regarded as 'open-ended, in the sense that subcategories may be distinguished', as she worried that the D classification might be too encompassing and might subsume too many different forms of behaviour  In contrast to infants in other categories classified by <mask>, which possess a standard path of reaction while dealing with the stress of separation and reunion, type D infants appeared to possess no symptom of coping mechanism. In fact, these infants had mixed features such as "strong proximity seeking followed by strong avoidance or appeared dazed and disoriented upon reunion with their caretakers (or both)." From Project STEEP, infants that were having Disorganized/Disoriented (Type D) tested of secreting higher cortisol concentrations in saliva than infants in the traditional (ABC) classifications. Results of this study demonstrate a model of stress reactivity that reflects how the various classification of traditional (ABC) behaviors become a factor that is affecting physiological stress responses. Major works

<mask>, M. and Bowlby, J.(1965). Child Care and the Growth of Love. London: Penguin Books. <mask>, M. (1967). Infancy in Uganda. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins. <mask>, M., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978).Patterns of Attachment. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and

masks:
Ainsworth
Mary Main
Ainsworth
Mary Ainsworth
Ainsworth
Ainsworth
Ainsworth


title: Mary Ainsworth

texts:
 Adolescent Psychiatry 22.2
O'Connell, A.N., & Rusoo, N.F. (1983). Models of achievement: Reflections of eminent women in psychology. New York: Columbia University Press. External links
<mask> on The Psi Cafe
<mask>sworth profile on Psychology's Feminist Voices
Women's Intellectual Contributions to the Study of Mind and Society
Articles by <mask> including summaries and links to full-text
Transcript of oral history interview and CV (both in PDF format) from the Society for Research in Child Development
Transcript of oral history interview (PDF) from the Canadian Psychological Association
Finding Aid for The <mask> Papers at The Cummings Center for History of Psychology
Episode about <mask> from the BBC Radio 4 program Mind Changers

20th-century American women scientists
20th-century American scientists
Canadian women psychologists
Canadian psychologists
American women psychologists
American developmental psychologists
Developmental psychologists
Attachment psychologists
Canadian female military personnel
University of Toronto alumni
University of Toronto faculty
University of Virginia faculty
People from Glendale, Ohio
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1913 births
1999 deaths
People with acquired Canadian citizenship
American emigrants to Canada
20th-century psychologists
American women

masks:
Mary Ainsworth
Mary Ain
Mary Ainsworth
Mary Ainsworth
Mary Ainsworth


title: Hyeon Soo Lim

texts:
<mask> (; born February 16, 1955) is a Canadian pastor of the Light Korean Presbyterian Church in Mississauga. He is a South Korean-born Canadian citizen. He was operating humanitarian efforts in North Korea providing tens of millions of dollars' worth of aid before disappearing in February 2015. The DPRK had arrested him and in December 2015, <mask> was sentenced to life with hard labor for crimes against the North Korean regime. In August 2017, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau sent a Canadian international government delegation to Pyongyang to discuss the case. <mask> was released from detention on August 9, 2017, and arrived in Canada on August 12, 2017. Early life
<mask> was born in South Korea and grew up in Seoul.The family attended a devout Christian church that produced numerous pastors and missionaries. His father, who was born in North Korea, held an office job and his mother worked at a family supermarket. A longtime friend, now a pastor in California, recalls that in high school it was already clear to the two of them that they "were going to do God's work." <mask> was active with Campus Crusade for Christ. <mask> moved to Canada in January 1986, "as part of a missionary group." In Toronto, <mask> studied theology at Knox College, a seminary of the Presbyterian Church in Canada. He became a Canadian citizen.Light Korean Presbyterian Church
<mask> joined or founded and became the senior pastor of the Light Korean Presbyterian Church in Mississauga, Ontario. Under his leadership the congregation grew from a dozen people in 1986 to more than 3,000 members in 2015. It operates from a complex that includes a 1,773-seat sanctuary, an education wing of numerous classrooms, a 5,260-square-foot fellowship hall with a full commercial kitchen, a 6,650-square-foot gymnasium and a 248-seat chapel. He also runs a second young person-oriented church in downtown Toronto. In 1996, during the North Korean four-year famine that killed an estimated 500,000 to 600,000 people, <mask> took an interest in helping North Koreans and used his church as a support base.

masks:
Hyeon Soo Lim
Lim
Lim
Lim
Lim
Lim
Lim
Lim
Lim


title: Hyeon Soo Lim

texts:
 Humanitarian work
<mask> has done humanitarian work in a variety of countries, but he has visited North Korea over 100 times since 1997. These humanitarian missions have included support for a nursing home, a nursery, an orphanage, and much more.While his church blocked efforts to talk to people working with <mask> for his safety, The Globe and Mail found evidence of extensive efforts to start businesses, import and export food, glasses, fuel, and other goods, feed thousands of people, and even buy the largest hotel in North Korea. The for-profit business interests, in the magnitude of tens of millions of dollars, were used to fund humanitarian efforts. <mask> maintained high-level contacts in North Korea and Canada, including with the Prime Minister's office. He cooperated with people around the world including the US, New Zealand, China and other places. Working with government officials is unavoidable in a state where everything is under government control, but working with the North Korean government increases risk. <mask> focused his efforts around Rajin, near the Rason Special Economic Zone which is an important North Korean effort to gain foreign investment. The Rason zone was led by Jang Song-thaek an uncle of North Korean Leader Kim Jong-un and a powerful political elite until Kim Jong-un had him executed in December 2013.Agence France-Presse first reported a link with Jang's circle, and <mask>'s cooperation with North Korean officials who had ties to Jang could have been a problem according to experts on the DPRK. Any links between <mask> and political elites were denied by spokespersons from <mask>'s church. North Korean imprisonment
<mask> travelled to North Korea on January 31, 2015, crossing the land border with China to visit the northeastern city of Rajin but he disappeared. Much later it was determined he was arrested in February. In a video released by a North Korean propaganda website in August, Hyeon appeared to read from a script to a nearly empty state-operated Pongsu Church in Pyongyang. "The worst crime I committed was to

masks: Lim Lim Lim Lim Lim Lim Lim Lim


title: Hyeon Soo Lim

texts:
 rashly defame and insult the highest dignity and the system of the republic." Former prisoners in North Korea report being coerced into similar confessions.According to the DPRK's official Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) <mask> admitted during the trial to "not only viciously defaming the highest dignity of Korea and its system but also possessing the wicked intention of trying to topple the Republic by staging an anti-state conspiracy." According to China's official Xinhua news agency, "The court said <mask> had attempted to overthrow the North Korean government and undermine its social system with 'religious activities' for the past 18 years". While North Korea was not specific about his alleged crimes, Xinhua reported that <mask> confessed to helping people defect from North Korea, and that he had met the U.S. ambassador to Mongolia regarding the plans (Mongolia is a known path out for North Korean defectors). The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) reported the trial lasted 90 minutes and the charges included "harming the dignity of the supreme leadership, trying to use religion to destroy the North Korean system, disseminating negative propaganda about the North to the overseas Koreans, and helping U.S. and the South Korean authorities lure and abduct North Korean citizens, along with aiding their programs to assist defectors from the North." KCNA further said that the prosecution sought the death penalty, but the defense requested leniency despite the gravity of his crimes "so that he can witness for himself the reality of the nation of the Sun as it grows in power and prosperity," <mask>'s lawyer was reported to have claimed "he had frankly confessed to everything the prosecution had brought up." On December 16, 2015, <mask> was sentenced to life imprisonment with hard labor for crimes against the state of North Korea. Diplomatic efforts to secure release
Because of the sensitivity of the situation and privacy rules the Canadian Foreign Affairs office has said little about <mask>'s situation.North Korea and Canada do not have regular

masks: Lim Lim Lim Lim Lim Lim


title: Hyeon Soo Lim

texts:
 diplomatic relations, with Canada using the Swedish embassy in Pyongyang, which the Globe and Mail reported is staffed by a single person. Diplomatic contact between Canada and North Korea is also made via United Nations representatives. In recent years, Liberal Prime Minister Jean Chrétien established diplomatic ties with the DPRK in 2001 but Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper suspended most contact with North Korea in 2010, and then imposed strict trade and travel sanctions. Canadian officials were using back channels and meeting on the edge of world conferences to press for <mask>'s release. The election of a Liberal Party of Canada government was seen by his family as an opportunity for a breakthrough. After the sentencing the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs stated that it had been an "unduly harsh sentence given to Mr. <mask> by a North Korean court, particularly given his age and fragile health." The Canadian government had not been given access to <mask> and that the lack of access represents "a serious violation of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations and the right of states to have consular access to their citizens."He was released on August 9, 2017, after a Canadian delegation visited Pyongyang and arrived back in Canada on August 12, 2017. In a post-release interview, <mask> attributed his arrest to a video clip of a speech he made at a Christian conference in the United States, where he stated that North Koreans should "believe in God instead of Kim Il-sung and Jesus instead of Kim Jong-Il", which was posted on the internet without his permission and noticed by North Korean authorities. See also
Kenneth Bae, a Korean-American Christian missionary convicted of "anti-state" crimes and given a 15-year sentence in North Korea, but released in 2014. References

Living people
1955 births
South Korean emigrants to Canada
Naturalized citizens of Canada
Prisoners and detainees of North Korea
Canadian Presbyterian ministers
Canadian people imprisoned abroad
Canadian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Canadian people of

masks: Lim Lim Lim Lim


title: Richard Boyd

texts:
<mask> (May 19, 1942 – February 20, 2021) was an American philosopher, who spent most of his career teaching philosophy at Cornell University where he was Susan Linn Sage Professor of Philosophy and Humane Letters Emeritus. He specialized in epistemology, the philosophy of science, and the language and mind. Education and career
<mask> became interested in the philosophy of science during his undergraduate studies for a mathematics major at MIT for which he was awarded an S.B. in 1963. He then, at the same institution and under the directorship of <mask>, went on to earn his Ph.D in 1970 with a doctoral thesis on mathematical logic titled A Recursion-Theoretic Characterization of the Ramified Analytical Hierarchy. (He would also co-author, with Gustav Hensel and Hilary Putnam, a 1969 paper by this title.) After teaching at Harvard University, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and the University of California, Berkeley, <mask> taught, from 1972, at the Sage School of Philosophy at Cornell University.In 1981 he was appointed as the Susan Linn Sage Professor of Philosophy there, a position he retained until his retirement, as professor emeritus, in 2017. <mask> held visiting positions at Claremont-McKenna College (2012),  the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand (2016), and the University of Melbourne in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. And, after his retirement from Cornell, he also taught at Lewis & Clark College. Philosophical work
<mask> was best known for his arguments in favor of scientific realism and moral realism. In the case of scientific realism, <mask> was a

masks:
Richard Newell Boyd
Boyd
Richard Cartwright
Boyd
Boyd
Boyd
Boyd


title: Richard Boyd

texts: defender of what is called "the miracle argument" according to which if successful scientific theories "were far from the truth...the fact that they are so successful would be miraculous. And given the choice between a straightforward explanation of success and a miraculous explanation, clearly one should prefer the non-miraculous explanation, viz. that our best theories are approximately true."In the case of moral realism, he was a key figure in the meta-ethical school known as "Cornell Realism." On this view, a moral property like "goodness is a complex natural property that is not directly observable, but nonetheless has a robust causal profile....  'Goodness' is not synonymous with any simpler set of more directly observable claims. Instead, 'goodness' describes the functionally complex natural property that is the effect of certain characteristic causes, and the cause of certain characteristic effects." <mask>, along with Hilary Putnam and Jerry Fodor, was also influential in the development of an anti-reductionist form of materialism in the philosophy of mind. In this view, although all individual psychological states and processes are entirely constituted by physical entities, the "explanations, natural kinds, and properties in psychology do not reduce to counterparts in more basic sciences, such as neurophysiology or physics." The American philosopher Jason Josephson Storm has adapted <mask>'s account of biological natural kinds, which is focused on "homeostatic property-clusters," to develop an account of social kinds. Drawing on process philosophy, Storm argues that social kinds are

masks: Boyd Boyd


title: Richard Boyd

texts:
 studied by the human sciences and are more fluid and interdependent than classical natural kinds, while showing broad structural similarities to biological natural kinds as described by <mask>.Select works
More complete publication details at <mask>'s PhilPapers listing, copies of further papers at his homepage's Selected Publications

Select papers and book chapters
 "Determinism, Laws and Predictability in Principle," Philosophy of Science (1972). "Scientific Realism and Naturalistic Epistemology," PSA 80, vol. 2 (1980). "What Materialism Does Not Imply," in Readings in the Philosophy of Psychology Volume I, ed. N.J. Block (1981). "On the Current Status of the Issue of Scientific Realism," Erkenntnis (1983). "Observations, Explanatory Power and Simplicity," in Experiment and Observation in Modern Science, ed.Achinstein and Hannaway (1984). "Lex Orandi est Lex Credendi," in Images of Science: Scientific Realism Versus Constructive Empiricism, ed. Churchland and Hooker (1984). "The Logician's Dilemma: Deductive Logic, Inductive Inference and Logical Empiricism," Erkenntnis (1985). "How to be a Moral Realist," in Essays on Moral Realism, ed. Sayre McCord (1988). "Constructivism, Realism, and Philosophical Method," in J. Earman, ed.Inference, Explanation, and Other Philosophical Frustrations. University of California Press (1992). "Metaphor and Theory Change," in Metaphor and Thought, ed. Ortony (1993)

Edited books
<mask>, <mask>; Gasper, Philip; Trout, J. D. (1991). The Philosophy of Science. MIT Press. .

See also
American philosophy
List of American philosophers

Notes

External links

masks: Boyd Boyd Boyd Richard


title: Richard Boyd

texts:
"Objective Truth" <mask> on The Philosophers Zone podcast with host Alan Saunders (2008)
"Evolutionary theory as methodological anesthesia" (2011) video/podcast of 'Debating Darwin: evolutionary psychology" lecture for UCTV. "Is Evolutionary Psychology Misleading Us?"(2012) video of lecture for the Marian Miner Cook Athenaeum of Claremont McKenna College. "<mask>: Reconciling Realism and Neo-Kantian Social Constructivism" video of Science - Big Questions Revisited lecture for the Symposium on Occasion of the Farewell of Paul Hoyningen-Huene from Hannover (18 July 2014)

1942 births
2021 deaths
20th-century American essayists
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
20th-century American philosophers
21st-century American essayists
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American philosophers
Action theorists
American ethicists
American logicians
American male essayists
American male non-fiction writers
American philosophy academics
Analytic philosophers
Contemporary philosophers
Cornell University faculty
Epistemologists
Harvard University faculty
Kant scholars
Metaphor theorists
Metaphysicians
Metaphysics writers
Moral philosophers
Moral realists
Ontologists
Philosophers from Washington, D.C.
Philosophers of education
Philosophers of ethics and morality
Philosophers of language
Philosophers of logic
Philosophers of mathematics
Philosophers of mind
Philosophers of psychology
Philosophers of science
Philosophers of social science
Philosophy of biology
Philosophy teachers
Philosophy writers
University of

masks:
Boyd
Richard Boyd


title: John T. Walker (USMC)

texts:
<mask> (September 15, 1893 – February 22, 1955) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps, who reached the rank of lieutenant general. He is most noted as commanding officer of the 22nd Marine Regiment during Battle of Eniwetok. He later served as director of personnel or commanding general of the Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego. Early career

<mask><mask> was born on September 15, 1893, in Azle, Texas. He attended the Texas A&M University and graduated in 1917 with Bachelor of Science degree in civil engineering. <mask> was eager to see combat during World War I, he almost immediately entered the United States Marine Corps and was commissioned second lieutenant on May 23, 1917. Upon the completing of the Officer's Basic training, he was assigned as platoon leader to the 51st Company, 2nd Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment in Philadelphia.The 5th Marines were sent overseas in June 1917, arriving in Saint-Nazaire the following month. <mask> spent the next few months with intensive training for trench warfare including grenade throwing, bayonet drill, gas mask drill and weapons firing at land targets and airplanes etc. His unit subsequently went to the trenches in the Montgermont sector in March 1918 and <mask> participated in its defense. However he was ordered back to the United States in April 1918 and was appointed an instructor at Bayonet school within Marine Barracks Quantico, Virginia. <mask> remained in this capacity until October 1920, when has been transferred to the 2nd Marine Brigade under Brigadier General Harry Lee and sent to Dominican Republic to fight insurgents. The orders for return to the United States came in August 1922 and <mask> has been appointed Aide-de-camp to the Commandant Norfolk Navy Yard, Rear Admiral Philip Andrews. This assignment was terminated in September 1925, when he was assigned to the Company Officers Course at Marine Corps School at Quantico.Upon the graduation in June 1926, now in the rank of captain, <mask> assumed command of Marine detachment aboard the battleship USS West Virginia and

masks:
John Thaddeus Walker
John T
. Walker
Young Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker


title: John T. Walker (USMC)

texts:
 participated in the ship's voyage to Australia and New Zealand. <mask> left sea duties in July 1928, when he was appointed an instructor at the Officers Basic School at Philadelphia Navy Yard. He left for overseas duty in July 1932, when he was sent to Haiti and subsequently commanded constabulary detachment within Garde d'Haïti. <mask> finished his tour of duty in September 1934 and returned to the United States. For his service in Haiti, he was decorated with Haitian Distinguished Service Medal with Diploma by the Government of Haiti. Meanwhile, he was promoted to the rank of major in May 1934. His next assignment was at Headquarters Marine Corps in Washington, D.C., where he served with the Division of Reserve until July 1937.<mask> was subsequently transferred for another studies at Marine Corps School at Quantico, where he graduated from the Senior Officers Course in May 1938. While on studies, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in December 1937. <mask> was subsequently appointed an instructor at the school. World War II

He left Quantico in May 1940 and subsequently was transferred to the Marine Corps Base San Diego as Chief of Planning Section under Major General William P. Upshur. <mask> was transferred to Egypt in July 1941, where he served as a Naval observer in Cairo. Following the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, he returned to the United States and reported for duty at San Diego with 2nd Marine Division as operations officer. <mask> has been promoted to the rank of colonel on 1 January 1942 and after five months with 2nd Division, he was appointed commanding officer of the newly activated 22nd Marine Regiment at Camp Elliott, California.The 22nd Marines were sent to the Pacific theater and subsequently arrived to Samoa at the end of June. Colonel <mask> subsequently commanded the regiment, which was designated as independent unit during the island defense and also conducted the intensive jungle training. <mask> did not see combat until February 1944, when his unit participated in the Battle of Eniwetok. He landed

masks: Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker


title: John T. Walker (USMC)

texts:
 on Engebi Island on 18 February following the Naval bombardment. <mask> placed his command post on the beach and participated in the hand-to-hand fighting, when almost one thousand of Japanese soldiers were killed with only 85 dead and missing plus 166 wounded US soldiers. On 22 February, <mask> and his 22nd Marines invaded the Parry Island and continued to fight the enemy for next 10 hours. After the Island Headquarters of Japanese Army was conquered, <mask> radioed to the Commander of Amphibious Group Two, Rear Admiral Harry W. Hill: "I present you with the island of Parry".<mask> was subsequently decorated with the military's second-highest decoration awarded for valor in combat, Navy Cross. He also received the Navy Unit Commendation. When the 1st Provisional Marine Brigade under Brigadier General Lemuel C. Shepherd Jr. was reactivated at the beginning of April 1944, <mask> had been appointed its chief of staff. <mask> participated with his new command in the Recapture of Guam at the end of July 1944 and was decorated with the Legion of Merit with Combat "V" and second Navy Unit Commendation. The 1st Provisional Brigade was disbanded in September 1944 and its units were used to form 6th Marine Division with Shepherd in command and <mask> as chief of staff. <mask> remained in this capacity until 16 November, when he was relieved by Colonel <mask>. McQueen and returned to the United States. Upon his return, <mask> was promoted to the rank of brigadier general in December 1944 and appointed assistant director of personnel at Headquarters Marine Corps.He held that position until May 1945, when he was appointed assistant division commander of 2nd Marine Division under Major General LeRoy P. Hunt. <mask> subsequently participated in the Occupation duties in Japan and was later decorated with the Bronze Star for his service in this capacity. Postwar life

<mask> was transferred back to the United States in April 1946 and subsequently was appointed commanding officer of the Marine Training and Replacement Command at Camp Pendleton, California. However he served

masks:
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
John C
Walker
Walker
Walker


title: John T. Walker (USMC)

texts:
 in this capacity just for a brief period, because he was transferred to the command of local newly activated 3rd Marine Brigade in September 1946. This unit was used as an administrative command for combat veterans returning from occupation duties in Japan. The 3rd Brigade was absorbed by 1st Marine Division in July 1947 and <mask> has been appointed Assistant Division Commander under Major General Graves B. Erskine. This assignment lasted until February 1948, when <mask> was appointed commanding general of the Troop training unit at Naval Amphibious Base Coronado.He was responsible for the amphibious training of the soldiers for Pacific Fleet. While served in this capacity, <mask> was awarded with Doctor of law degree on 13 November 1948 by his Alma mater, Texas A&M University. <mask> has been promoted to the rank of major general in July 1949 and transferred to Headquarters Marine Corps in Washington, D.C., where he was appointed director of personnel under his old superior, Commandant Lemuel C. Shepherd. He took command of Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego in April 1952 and served in this capacity until 30 January 1954, when he was relieved by Major General <mask>. McQueen. <mask> finally retired from the Marine Corps on 1 July 1954 and was advanced to the rank of lieutenant general on the retired list for having been specially commended in combat. Following his retirement, <mask> resided in La Jolla, California, and suddenly died of heart attack on February 22, 1955, at Naval Hospital, San Diego. He is buried at Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery.Decorations

Here is the ribbon bar of Lieutenant General <mask><mask>:

See also

6th Marine Division

References

1893 births
1955 deaths
People from Azle, Texas
Texas A&M University alumni
United States Marine Corps generals
American military personnel of the Banana Wars
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War I
United States Marine Corps World War II generals
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Burials at Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery
Military personnel

masks:
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
John C
Walker
Walker
John T
. Walker


title: Robert Blair (moderator)

texts: <mask> (1593 – 27 August 1666) was a Scottish presbyterian minister who became a Westminster Divine and Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1646, after failing to emigrate to Boston in 1636. Born in Irvine in 1593, the sixth son of <mask> of Windyedge, a merchant-adventurer and cadet of <mask>, and Beatrix Mure of the Rowallan family, he gained an MA at the University of Glasgow in 1612 and became regent there in 1615. When the episcopalian John Cameron was appointed Principal, <mask> resigned and went to Ireland, to become minister of a Presbyterian congregation at Bangor, County Down. He was ordained for it by <mask>, Bishop of Down and Connor, <mask> was "very careful to inform... of what accusations had been laid against me of disaffection to the civil powers, whom he was the use of the English liturgy nor Episcopal government.... I declared my opinion fully to the Bishop at our first meeting... [who] said to me, 'I hear good of you, and will impose no conditions on you.'" Echlin, however, turned against him. In September 1631, he was suspended from his ministry and on 4 May 1632 deposed.Though bent on emigrating to New England, the ship in which he and other ministers sailed was driven back by weather, a sign, <mask> thought, that his services were still required at home. He dodged an order for his arrest by escaping to Scotland and was admitted to the Second Charge of Ayr in July 1638. After periods in Scotland and Ireland, he accompanied the Scottish army to England in 1640 and helped to negotiate the 1641 Peace of Ripon. In 1646, <mask> was elected Moderator of General Assembly, then Chaplain-in-Ordinary to King Charles I. He was

masks:
Robert Blair
John Blair
Blair
Blair
Robert Echlin
Blair
Blair
Blair


title: Robert Blair (moderator)

texts:
 also on a committee endeavouring in 1648 to get Cromwell to establish "a uniformity of religion in England." He was summoned to London by Cromwell in 1654, but excused himself on grounds of ill-health. On the establishment of episcopacy he was removed from his charges in September 1661, confined to Musselburgh, then to Kirkcaldy for three and a half years, and then to Meikle Couston, Aberdour, Fife, where he died on 27 August 1666 and was buried.Life

He was a native of Irvine, Ayrshire. His father was a merchant-adventurer, <mask> of Windyedge, a younger brother of the family of <mask> of that ilk; his mother was Beatrix Muir (of the house of Rowallan), who lived for nearly a century. From the parish school at Irvine <mask> proceeded to the University of Glasgow, where he took his degree of M.A. He is stated to have acted as a schoolmaster in Glasgow. In his twenty-second year he was appointed a regent or professor in the university. One of his students was the future author of polemics for the Covenanters, <mask>. In 1616 he was licensed as a preacher of the gospel in connection with the established church (presbyterian) of Scotland.In 1622 he resigned his professorship. Having gone over to Ireland, he was called to Bangor, County Down, and ordained by <mask>, the Bishop of Down, on 10 July 1623. But he was suspended in the autumn of 1631, and deposed in 1632 for nonconformity; Echlin had turned a blind eye in the 1620s to presbyterian clergy in his diocese, but <mask> (on his own account) didn't react to hints by Theophilus Buckworth, Bishop of Dromore, and was then interviewed by James Ussher, who tried to persuade him with arguments current from John Sprint. By

masks:
John Blair
Blair
Blair
Robert Baillie
Robert Echlin
Blair


title: Robert Blair (moderator)

texts: the intervention of the king, Charles I, he was restored in May 1634; but the former sentence was renewed, with excommunication, by John Bramhall, bishop of Derry, the same year. Excommunicated and ejected, <mask>, along with others, fitted out a ship, intending to go to New England in 1635. But the weather proved so bad that they were beaten back, and, returning to Scotland, he lived partly in that country and partly in England. Orders were issued in England for his apprehension in 1637, but he escaped to Scotland, and preached for some time in Ayr.He was invited to go to France as chaplain to the regiment of Colonel Patrick Hepburn of Waughton, but after embarking at Leith he was threatened by a soldier whom he had reproved for swearing, and went ashore again. He also petitioned the privy council 'for liberty to preach the gospel,' and received an appointment at Burntisland in April 1638. He was nominated to St. Andrews in the same year, and was admitted there on 8 October 1639. In the Second Bishops' War of 1640 he accompanied the Scottish army on its march into England. He assisted in the negotiations for the treaty of peace presented by Charles I on 8 November 1641. After the Irish Rebellion of 1641 he once more went to Ireland with several other clergymen of the Scottish kirk, the Irish general assembly (presbyterian) having petitioned for supplies for their vacant charges. He afterwards returned to St. Andrews.In 1645 he attended the lord president <mask> and others to the scaffold. In the same year he was one of the Scottish ministers who went to Newcastle to speak very plainly to the king. In 1646 he was elected Moderator of the General Assembly of the

masks:
Blair
Robert Spottiswoode