title: Paul Shapiro (author)

texts:
<mask> is an American writer who authored the 2018 book Clean Meat: How Growing Meat Without Animals Will Revolutionize Dinner and the World. He's also the CEO and cofounder of The Better Meat Co. and the host of the Business for Good Podcast. Prior to publishing Clean Meat, he was known for being an animal protection advocate, both as the founder of Animal Outlook (formerly Compassion Over Killing) and a Vice President at the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS). Personal life
<mask> is married to Toni Okamoto, author of The Super Easy Vegan Slow Cooker Cookbook and another cookbook titled Plant-Based on a Budget. TEDx Talks
<mask> is a TEDx speaker, giving talks on a number of topics, including:
TEDx SouthLakeTahoe in 2017: Clean Meat: The Clean Energy of Food
TEDx Mid-Atlantic in 2018: What Will Future Generations Think of Our Treatment of Animals? TEDx SunValley in 2017: We Are Better than How We Treat Animals
TEDx University of Baltimore in 2018: Are We Doing More to Protect Aliens than Life on Earth? Clean Meat
Shapiro's book Clean Meat: How Growing Meat Without Animals Will Revolutionize Dinner and the World, is the first book to explore the work of start-ups that are growing real animal products without animals.It was named as Washington Post bestseller in the week of January 7, 2018. Reviews
Wall Street Journal: ‘Clean Meat’ Could Make Livestock Obsolete
NPR: Clean Meat, Via Lab, Is On The Way”
Fast Company: Our ‘Clean Meat’ Future Will Be Radical—But Also Inevitable
Sydney Morning Herald: Brave new burger – the race to put lab grown meat on the table
Psychology Today: Clean Meat Will Revolutionize Our Meals and the Entire World
Big Think: Lab-Grown "Clean Meat" is Almost Here. Will You Eat It? Pacific Standard: Meat, Without All of the Blood and Guts
Kirkus: Clean Meat

masks:
Paul Shapiro
Shapiro
Shapiro


title: Paul Shapiro (author)

type: original

texts:
 review

Excerpts and commentaries
Scientific American: Lab-Grown Meat is on the Way
Reuters: Science fiction no more, can lab-grown meat feed — and save — the world? Quartz: Meet the startup that makes milk—without cows
The Guardian: Lab-made meat could be the next food revolution
Motherboard: Chicken Might Be the First Lab-Grown Meat to Make It to Your Grocery Store
Globe and Mail: Why holiday meals might look radically different in the near future”

Lab-grown leather-bound book
A copy of Clean Meat is the first book to be have been bound in lab-grown leather. The book, bound in “clean” leather grown by biotech start-up Geltor, was auctioned off on eBay on January 22, 2018 for $12,790. The leather-bound book was featured in many news stories, including:
San Francisco Chronicle: “San Leandro lab’s secret foray yields animal-free leather”
Newsweek: “World’s First Animal-Free Leather Bound Book on Ebay for $10,000”
Smithsonian Magazine: “This Book Is Bound in Lab-Grown Jellyfish Leather”
Good Food Institute: “World’s First-Ever Clean Leather-Bound Book!”

The Better Meat Co.
Shapiro co-founded The Better Meat Co. in early 2018 and serves as its CEO.The company's goal is to help meat producers improve sustainability by blending in the start-up's plant-based proteins in their ground meat products. In 2019. Perdue partnered with The Better Meat Co. and started using The Better Meat Co.’s plant-based formula in its blended line of chicken tenders, nuggets, and patties called Perdue Chicken Plus. Business for Good Podcast
<mask> co-founded the Business for Good Podcast with his partner Toni Okamoto in 2018. The two co-hosted the first season. <mask> is the sole host of the podcast’s second season. The show features companies and investors with a social mission to help solve problems such as pollution,

masks: Shapiro Shapiro


title: Paul Shapiro (author)

texts:
 food waste, unhealthy eating, animal cruelty, and more.Work with Compassion Over Killing
When he was thirteen years old, <mask> stopped eating meat as a result of learning about the methods of meat production. About one month later, he stopped eating eggs and dairy. While a high school student at Georgetown Day School in 1995, <mask> founded the animal advocacy organization Compassion Over Killing, and served as an undercover investigator and its campaigns director until 2005. Compassion Over Killing became well known for its investigative work exposing conditions for farm animals on factory farms, at livestock auctions, and at slaughter plants. <mask> helped spearhead the campaign to end the use of the "Animal Care Certified" logo on egg cartons in the United States. In that case, the egg industry was labeling eggs from hens confined in battery cages as "Animal Care Certified." After Better Business Bureau rulings, federal petitions, investigations at "Animal Care Certified" egg facilities leading to media exposés, and other efforts, in September 2005, the Federal Trade Commission announced that the logo would be removed from egg cartons nationwide.<mask> received a B.A. from George Washington University in 2001, where he majored in peace studies and minored in religion. He taught peace studies at a public high school in Washington, D.C. He was profiled in a 2003 Washington Post Style section article entitled "Animal Pragmatism: Compassion Over Killing Wants to Make the Anti-Meat Message a Little More Palatable". In 2020, Compassion Over Killing changed its name to Animal Outlook. Work with the Humane Society of the United States, sexual harassment allegations
From 2005 through 2016, <mask> led many of HSUS's efforts to protect farm animals, including serving as Vice President of the

masks: Shapiro Shapiro Shapiro Shapiro Shapiro


title: Paul Shapiro (author)

texts:
 organization's Farm Animal Protection campaign, including efforts to convince retailers, food service providers, and universities to end their use of eggs from battery-caged birds, pork from gestation-stalled pigs, and to expand their vegan options. Additionally, the Farm Animal Protection campaign played a significant role in helping enact Proposition 2 in California, a 2008 ballot initiative that phases out veal crates, battery cages, and gestation crates in the nation's largest agricultural state.The campaign was also central in Proposition 204, a successful 2006 Arizona ballot initiative that phases out gestation crates and veal crates, as well as Question 3, a 2016 similar Massachusetts ballot initiative. It has also helped pass laws to phase out gestation crates and other agricultural confinement practices in numerous other states. In 2008, <mask> was inducted into the Animal Rights Hall of Fame. In September 2016, six female employees at HSUS filed a complaint with HSUS human resources representatives over a pattern of inappropriate sexual behavior they had witnessed over the preceding six years. A month later <mask> was moved to a different department to "advance HSUS' broader agenda." He subsequently served as HSUS's Vice President of Policy for 16 months before departing to release Clean Meat in January 2018. While at HSUS, <mask> also authored "Moral agency in other animals", published in the 2006 edition of Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics.He was also a contributor to Animal Welfare in Animal Agriculture. Articles

See also

Cultured meat
Food technology
Plant-based diet
Animal protectionism
 List of animal rights advocates

References

External links

Clean Meat official website

1979 births
Living people
American activists
American animal rights activists
George Washington

masks: Shapiro Shapiro Shapiro


title: Alexander Hill (rower)

texts:
<mask>  (born 11 March 1993) is an Australian representative rower. He is an Australian national champion, a dual Olympian, an Olympic gold and silver medallist and was the 2017 and 2018 world champion in the coxless four. He stroked the Australian men's coxless four to a gold medal victory at the Tokyo Olympics. Club and state rowing
<mask> grew up in Loxton, South Australia. He attended Loxton North Primary School and took up rowing at Prince Alfred College in Adelaide. His senior club rowing has been from the Adelaide Rowing Club. In 2012, from 2014 to 2017 and in 2019 <mask> was seated in the South Australian state representative men's eights competing for the King's Cup at the Interstate Regatta within the Australian Rowing Championships.In those crews he won five bronze and one silver medals. In 2019 and 2021 he was also selected as South Australia's single-sculling representative to contest the President's Cup at the Interstate Regatta. He won both those national titles. In 2014 in Adelaide Rowing Club colours, he contested the national coxless pair title at the Australian Rowing Championships with Angus Moore. In 2013 he contested the national coxless pair title in an Australian selection composite crew and placed second. In 2019 at the Australian Rowing Championships he won the open men's single scull title in Adelaide colours. In 2021 rowing with Angus Dawson he won an Australian championship title in the open men's coxless pair in addition to winning the Australian championship title in the coxless four with his national training centre crewmates.In 2021 he started to coach with the Adelaide school Prince Alfred College in their senior squad whilst on break from formal national training. International career
<mask> made his Australian representative debut in a

masks:
Alexander Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill


title: Alexander Hill (rower)

texts: junior men's coxed four selected to contest the 2011 Junior World Rowing Championships at Eton Dorney. That crew won gold. The following year he was in the Australian U23 eight competing at the 2012 World Rowing U23 Championships in Trakai Lithuania. In a crew with Spencer Turrin with whom <mask> would later enjoy World Championship success, <mask> and the Australian eight took the bronze medal. In 2013 <mask> was elevated to the Australian senior squad. He rowed in a coxless pair at the World Rowing Cup I in Sydney, then in a coxless pair with Angus Moore at the World Rowing Cup III.He and Moore took that pair to the World Championships in Linz where they won an U23 World Championship silver medal. A month later at the 2013 World Rowing Championships in Chungju, Korea <mask> rowed in the four seat of an Australian men's eight who placed seventh. In 2014 he kept his seat in the Australian men's eight racing at two World Rowing Cups and then at the 2014 World Rowing Championships again to seventh place. At the 2015 World Rowing Championships on Lac d'Aiguebelette, Aiguebelette in France he won the silver medal in the men's coxless four  in a crew with Will Lockwood, Spencer Turrin and Josh Dunkley-Smith. In 2016 along with Dunkley-Smith, Lockwood and Joshua Booth, <mask> was selected to stroke the Australian men's coxless four to compete at the 2016 Rio Olympics. They won their heat and semi-final and took the silver medal behind Great Britain in the final. In 2017 <mask> held his seat as stroke of in Australia's coxless four with Turrin,  Joshua Hicks and Jack Hargreaves.They took gold at the World Rowing Cup II in Poznan and then raced in the Australian men's senior eight at the WRC III in Lucerne to a silver medal. At the 2017 World Rowing Championships in Sarasota

masks: Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill


title: Alexander Hill (rower)

texts: Florida rowing as a four, they won their heat and semi-final. They flew out of the start in the final rating at 43 strokes per minute to be clear leaders at the 500m mark. They led at every mark and held off the fast finishing Italians. Rowing Australia quoted <mask> after the race : “I’ve had a fair few second places so it feels great to have won gold. This group of guys have made it easy for me this year as you know they’ll turn up to training and give it their all, you know what you’re going to expect from them. With that comes consistency and with a new coach in Ian [Wright], it has been absolutely unbelievable for us."Australia had not won a men's coxless four world championship title since the Oarsome Foursome's win in 1991. The world champion four stayed together into 2018 and started their 2018 international campaign with a gold medal win at the World Rowing Cup II in Linz, Austria. They repeated their 2017 tactic with a blistering rating of 43 from the start and kept it up above 40 for the rest of the race. In their second competitive outing of the 2018 international season in an Australian selection eight and racing as the Georgina Hope Rinehart National Training Centre, after Rowing Australia patron, Gina Rinehart, <mask> won the 2018 Grand Challenge Cup at the Henley Royal Regatta. The fourth Australian men's eight to ever do so.The following week back in the coxless four, <mask> won another gold at the World Rowing Cup III in Lucerne. At the 2018 World Rowing Championships in Plovdiv, in the same combination as 2017, the Australian coxless four won their heat, their semi-final and just held off the fast-finishing Italians in the final to retain their world title. <mask> again at stroke, won his second world championship gold.In 2019 <mask> was again selected

masks: Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill


title: Alexander Hill (rower)

texts:
 in the Australian men's sweep squad for the international representative season. In trialling combinations to qualify the men's pair for the 2020 Olympics, selectors matched <mask> with Josh Booth in the pair for the World Rowing Cup II in Poznan where they were victorious. At WRC III in Rotterdam and rowing with Spencer Turrin, <mask> again stroked the pair to a gold medal win. <mask>, Hargreaves, Nick Purnell and Jack O'Brien were selected to race Australia's coxless four at the 2019 World Rowing Championships in Linz, Austria. The four were looking for a top eight finish at the 2019 World Championships to qualify for the Tokyo Olympics. They won their heat and semi-final, thereby qualifying the boat for Tokyo 2020. Unexpectedly as race favourites, they finished last in the final for an overall world sixth place.At the delayed Tokyo Olympics in 2021 the coxless four won their heat and progressed straight to the A final where they held a lead from the first 500m, and were being challenged by the British four who lost their steering and control in the final 500m. With <mask> maintaining the rate from the stroke seat the Australians kept their composure and held off the Romanians in a tight finish, taking the gold in an Olympic best time. In the 2022 Australia Day Honours <mask> was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia. References

External links

1993 births
Living people
Australian male rowers
World Rowing Championships medalists for Australia
Recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia
Rowers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic rowers of Australia
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic medalists in rowing
Olympic silver medalists for Australia
Olympic gold medalists for Australia
Medalists at the 2020 Summer


title: William Crutchfield

texts:
<mask> (November 16, 1824 – January 24, 1890) was an American politician who represented the 3rd congressional district of Tennessee in the United States House of Representatives for one term (1873–1875). He also served several terms as an alderman in his adopted hometown of Chattanooga, where he was a prominent figure and businessman. A Southern Unionist, he garnered regional fame and notoriety in January 1861 when he engaged in a heated debate with future Confederate States president Jefferson Davis at his family's Chattanooga hotel. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Greeneville, Tennessee, the son of <mask>, a brick contractor, and Sarah (Cleage<mask>. He attended common schools. He moved to McMinn County, Tennessee, in 1840, and remained there for four years before settling in Jacksonville, Alabama, in 1844. He established a large farm at Jacksonville that specialized in grain production and utilized innovative farming techniques.He was also elected a captain in the local militia. Inspired by Kentucky politician Henry Clay, he supported local Whig Party candidates. In 1850, <mask> moved to Chattanooga, Tennessee, where his father had acquired a considerable amount of land, and had established a successful hotel, the Crutchfield House. After the elder <mask> died in 1850, <mask>'s brother, Thomas, took over the hotel's management. <mask> was elected  alderman in Chattanooga in December 1851, and reelected in 1854. In the late 1850s, he helped establish the city's fire and police departments. Civil War

During the secession crisis that followed the election of Abraham Lincoln in late 1860, Crutchfield remained committed to the Union.On January 22, 1861, Jefferson Davis, the future president of the

masks:
William Crutchfield
Crutchfield
Thomas Crutchfield
) Crutchfield
Crutchfield
Crutchfield
William
William


title: William Crutchfield

texts: Confederacy who had just resigned his seat in the United States Senate, stayed at the Crutchfield House while en route to his home in Mississippi. In the hotel's dining room that night, Davis delivered a short speech praising secession and encouraging Tennessee to join the rest of the South. After Davis had finished, <mask>, who had been listening, leaped upon a counter and delivered a scathing retort. He described Davis as a "renegade and a traitor," and stated that Tennessee would not be "hood winked, bamboozled and dragged into your Southern, codfish, aristocratic, tory blooded, South Carolina mobocracy." Davis refuted Crutchfield's charges in a brief response. One report of the incident stated that Davis's supporters had "pistols drawn and cocked for immediate use," while others suggested that Davis considered challenging <mask> to a duel. In any event, Crutchfield's brother, Thomas, led Davis from the room, and further incident was avoided.<mask> attended the first session of the pro-Union East Tennessee Convention in Knoxville in late May 1861, and campaigned against secession in the Chattanooga area. He remained in Chattanooga for most of the Civil War. Amid the crackdown during the aftermath of the East Tennessee bridge burnings in November 1861, <mask> was arrested by Confederate authorities, but managed to escape. During the war, his family sold the Crutchfield House for $65,000 in Confederate money, and used the proceeds to purchase land and tobacco. <mask> would later sell the tobacco at a profit to Union soldiers. While <mask> never enlisted, he frequently provided information on Confederate troop movements to Union forces operating in Chattanooga and the vicinity. During the Union bombardment

masks: Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield


title: William Crutchfield

texts:
 of Chattanooga in August 1863, he was again pursued by Confederate authorities, but eluded them by swimming across the Tennessee River and reaching Union lines.He provided the leaders of the Army of the Cumberland with invaluable information regarding Confederate troop positions, and would subsequently serve as an honorary captain and local guide to Union generals throughout the Chickamauga Campaign. He assisted <mask>. Hazen and John B. Turchin at the Battle of Brown's Ferry in October 1863, and Ulysses S. Grant and George H. Thomas at the Battle of Missionary Ridge in November 1863. After the Union Army solidified its control of Chattanooga, <mask> provided assistance to General James B. Steedman and other post commanders until the close of the war. In his memoirs, General Philip H. Sheridan wrote that <mask>'s "devotion to the Union cause knew no bounds," and described the information he provided as critical to the Union Army's success in the Chickamauga Campaign. In April 1864, <mask> joined fellow Chattanooga-area Unionists Alfred Cate and Daniel C. Trewhitt as part of the Hamilton County delegation at the revived East Tennessee Convention in Knoxville. This meeting was bitterly divided over the issue of emancipation, however, and accomplished very little. In October 1865, <mask> was elected alderman in Chattanooga's provisional civil government, which was tasked with restoring order to the city.In December 1865, he was reelected to the same position for a full term. Postwar and Congress

In 1872, <mask> announced his candidacy for the 3rd district seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. At the local Republican Party convention in September, he was easily nominated over two other candidates on the

masks:
William B
Crutchfield
Crutchfield
Crutchfield
Crutchfield
Crutchfield


title: William Crutchfield

texts: first ballot. His Democratic opponent, David M. Key, was an old acquaintance and former Confederate who had witnessed <mask>'s encounter with Jefferson Davis at the Crutchfield House in 1861. At the end of the war in 1865, Key had written to Crutchfield to ask if it was safe for former Confederates to return to the city. Though Democrats were generally the more successful party in the 3rd district during this period, Republicans experienced a statewide wave in 1872, and <mask> edged Key, 10,041 votes to 8,960, in the general election. <mask>'s eccentric personality and unsophisticated manner of dress garnered frequent media attention during his lone term in Congress.In 1873, a correspondent for the Washington Star noted that since the tenure of Davy Crockett in the 1830s, each of Tennessee's congressional delegations had included at least one "mountaineer character," and that <mask> filled this role in the Forty-third Congress. The correspondent described <mask> as "a sunburnt, wiry little man, with foxy hair and whiskers, and though, by report, of considerable means, wears the cheapest of homespun suits, a good deal frayed at the edges, and with a pair of heavy, well-greased cowhide brogans that were the perpetual despair of the Pullman boot-blacks." In reporting on one of <mask>'s speeches, the correspondent used eye dialect to depict to Crutchfield's thick Southern accent. <mask>'s biggest accomplishment during his term in Congress was to obtain $600,000 in appropriations for improvements to the Tennessee River, and smaller appropriations for improvements to the Little Tennessee and Hiwassee rivers. During heated civil rights debates in the House in early 1873, <mask> introduced a bizarre amendment to a

masks: Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield


title: William Crutchfield

texts:
 civil rights bill that would have made it a crime for a white woman to refuse a proposal of marriage from a black man on the basis of "race, color, and previous condition of servitude." Though he intended this as a joke, it caused considerable irritation for his fellow Republican congressmen who had been fighting for the bill, and generated outrage among white and black residents alike in the 3rd district. <mask> did not seek reelection in 1874.After his term in Congress, <mask> spent much of his time on his  orchard south of Chattanooga, where he produced fruit and engaged in other agricultural pursuits. He died in Chattanooga on January 24, 1890 (age 65 years, 69 days), and was interred at the family lot in Chattanooga's Citizens Cemetery. <mask> was a friend of noted author George Washington Harris, and helped Harris become president of the Wills Valley Railroad after the Civil War. In a fictional discussion with the title character in the "Dedicatory" of his 1867 book, Sut Lovingood: Yarns Spun by a Nat'ral Born Durn'd Fool, Harris proposes they dedicate the book to Crutchfield, though Sut disagrees. The dedication to Crutchfield read: "My friend in storm and sunshine, brave enough to be true, and true enough to be singular; one who says what he thinks, and very often thinks what he says." See also
Richard M. Edwards

References

External links

1824 births
1890 deaths
People from Greeneville, Tennessee
Tennessee Republicans
Tennessee Whigs
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee
Politicians from Chattanooga, Tennessee
People from Jacksonville, Alabama
Southern Unionists in the American Civil War
Members of the United States House of Representatives from

masks: Crutchfield Crutchfield Crutchfield


title: Shri Yogendra

texts:
Manibhai Haribhai Desai (1897 – 1989), known as (<mask>) Yogendra was an Indian yoga guru, author, poet, researcher and  was one of the important figures in the modern revival of Hatha Yoga, both in India and United States. He was the founder of The Yoga Institute,  the oldest organized yoga center in the world, established in 1918. He is often referred as the Father of Modern Yoga Renaissance. He was one of the figures responsible for reviving the practice of asanas and making yoga accessible to people other than renunciates. The Oglethorpe University has preserved three of his books in the Crypt of Civilization. Yogendra innovated modern methods to teach Yoga, initiating research in Yoga, particularly in the field of the Yoga therapy. He authored several books on yoga and started the journal Yoga in 1933.He was also a poet, writing under the nom de plume 'Mastamani'. He translated Rabindranath Tagore's Gitanjali into Gujarati. Biography

Early years

<mask> was born as Manibhai Desai in an Anavil Brahmin family on November 18, 1897 in a village near Surat, Gujarat. He was affectionately called Mogha ("priceless one") in his childhood. His father Haribhai Jivanji Desai was a school teacher. His mother died when he was three years old. At the age of eighteen in 1916, after distinguishing himself in the Amalsad English School, Yogendra attended St. Xavier's College in Bombay.He felt homesick and fell into depression and lost his interest in studies. At the urging of his roommate, On August 26, 1916, Yogendra visited the Dharamshala of Paramahamsa Madhavadasaji at Madhav Baug, regardless of his robust suspicion of sannyasis and sadhus. However, in Paramahamsa ni Prasadi (1917), he wrote that his misgivings disappeared "as our eyes met" and as it turns

masks: Shri Yogendra


title: Shri Yogendra

texts:
 out, Madhavadasaji was equally struck by Yogendra's qualities as a capable disciple. After a period of courtship through letters, <mask>i's Ashram in Malsar, near Vadodara in late 1916. He received special attention and it was clear that he was being educated and groomed to be Madhavadasaji's successor. <mask> learned Yoga, much of the teaching being on the practical and pragmatic use of Yoga and its application in sickness and suffering. His training in the Ashram was centered around yogic 'natural health cures' administered to patients in the ashram's sick ward.Yogendra left the Ashram after more than two years. Works

On November 25, 1918, Yogendra established The Yoga Institute at the residence of Dadabhai Naoroji at Versova Beach in Bombay (now Mumbai). A year later in 1919, Yogendra left for Europe and the United States, with the aim of popularizing Yoga and set up a branch of the institute, The Yoga Institute of America at Harriman in New York. His system of asanas, which helped to create the modern yoga movement, was influenced by the physical culture of Europeans such as Max Müller. Yogendra began the process of "domesticating" hatha yoga, seeking scientific evidence for yoga's health benefits. This helped to undo the negative image of yoga and asana practice. In US, among the people Yogendra met was Benedict Lust, one of the founders of naturopathic medicine.Benedict Lust saw the value of Hatha Yoga for his work and studied it with him. <mask> stayed there working with a number of Avant-garde doctors such as John Harvey Kellogg and Benedict Lust. Along with the early experiments on Yoga, he finished his first books while in US, Light on Hatha Yoga and a volume on Rabindranath Tagore. He went back to India less than 5 years later,

masks: Yogendraaj Yogendra Yogendra


title: Shri Yogendra

texts:
 proceeding to go back to the USA, however thwarted through the restrictive immigration legislation of 1924. The yoga researcher Elliott Goldberg described Yogendra's system of asanas as "safer, more comprehensive, and more effective than Müller's system", and commented that Yogendra "helped strip hatha yoga of .. what he called 'mysticism and inertia'", enabling people to think about asanas "unencumbered by traditional ideology". Research

In 1921, Yogendra conducted X-Ray studies on Sutra Neti kriyas, a yogic technique to clean the nasal cavity. He conducted research on Prana with Surendranath Dasgupta, an orientalist and philosopher in 1924.In 1930, manuscript 'Yoga Personal Hygiene', authored by Yogendra, is the first book on intricate Yoga processes listing research on the yoga breathing techniques Uddiyana bandha and Pranayama. Contribution to literature
<mask> authored his first book named Prabhubhakti (meaning "Devotion to the Lord"), published by Diamond Jubilee Printing Press in Ahmadabad. His second book was Hrudayapushpanjali (meaning "Prayer from the Heart"), a collection of his poetry composed in 1917. Principal A. B. Yagnik, a Gujarati critic wrote in an article, Poetic Versatility of Shri Yogendra, published in 1979,

<mask> also translated Ravindranath Tagore's Gitanjali from Bengali to Gujarati; it was published in 1918, with Tagore's permission. He was inspired and influenced by the works of Rabindranath Tagore. The country was full of Indian nationalism, and his 1919 poetry collection Rashtriyagita, speaks of the homeland, the citizens and the struggle for freedom.Other books of his poetry collection includes Pranay Bansi, Sangita Dhvani (2017) and Urmi (2014). Bibliography

Books on Yoga

Yogendra published many books on yoga,

masks:
Shri Yogendra
Shri Yogendra


title: Shri Yogendra

texts:
 and they have often been reprinted. Memorabilia (1926)
 Yoga Asanas Simplified (1928)
 Yoga Physical Education - Volume 1 (1928)
 Yoga Personal Hygiene Simplified (1931)
 Hatha-Yoga Simplified (1931)
 Simple Meditative Postures (1934)
 Rhythmic Exercises (1936)
 Way to Live (1936)
 Breathing Methods (1936)
 Yoga Personal Hygiene (1940)
 Yoga: Physical Education (1956)
 Yoga Essays (1969)
 Facts about Yoga (1971)
 Why Yoga (1976)
 Yoga–Sutras (1978
 Life Problems (1978)
 Guide to Yoga Meditation (1983)
 Yoga in Modern Life

Poetry collections
 Prabhubhakti
 Hrdayapushpanjali
 Pranay Bansi
 Sangita Dhwani (1917)
 Rashtriya Gita (1919)
 Gitanjali of Tagore (1917)
 Urmi (1924)
 Kavi Tagore (1926)

Personal life

He married Sita Devi in 1927. The couple had two sons, named Jayadeva Yogendra and Vijayadev Yogendra. Yogendra died on September 25, 1989 at the age of 91 in Mumbai. Legacy

In 1994, The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation renamed the TPS 5 Prabhat Colony as Yogendra Marg (road) after <mask> Chowk located in Santacruz, Mumbai, is named after him, was inaugurated by Suresh Prabhu, the Minister of Railways, Govt.of India in April 2017. His son Vijayadev <mask> (1930–2005) immigrated to Australia and continued his father's work through the establishment of the Total Health and Education Foundation in Melbourne and The School of Total Education in Warwick, Queensland. References

Sources

Further reading

External links

Official website of The Yoga Institute
The First Yoga Class on Do Yoga (by Doug Keller)
Yogendra on Yoga Vidya (in German)

1897 births
1989 deaths
Indian Hindus
Indian spiritual writers
Scholars from Mumbai
Indian yoga gurus
Modern yoga pioneers
People associated with physical culture
Translators of Rabindranath Tagore
Modern

masks: Yogendra Yogendra


title: Albertina Walker

texts:
<mask> ( – ) was an American gospel singer, songwriter, actress, and humanitarian. Early years
<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois, to Ruben and <mask>. Her mother was born in Houston County, Georgia, and her father in Bibb County, Georgia. They moved to Chicago between 1917 and 1920 where they lived out their lives. <mask> had four siblings born in Bibb County and four born in Chicago. <mask> began singing in the youth choir at the West Point Baptist Church at an early age, and joined several Gospel groups thereafter, including Pete Williams Singers, The Willie Webb Singers and the Robert Anderson Singers. Albertina was greatly influenced by Mahalia Jackson, her friend and confidante, whom Jackson took on the road when Albertina was just a teenager."Mahalia used to kid me. She'd say, 'Girl, you need to go sing by yourself,'" recalled <mask> in a 2010 Washington Post interview. <mask> <mask> did just that. In 1951, she formed the group called The Caravans. She was popularly referred to as the "Queen of Gospel Music", initially by such notables as the late Reverend James Cleveland and Rev. Jesse L. Jackson, Sr, for her outstanding achievements within the genre after the death of Mahalia Jackson in 1972. Musical career
In the early 1950s <mask> founded her own Gospel music group The Caravans, enlisting fellow singers from The Robert Anderson Singers (Ora Lee Hopkins, Elyse Yancey and Nellie Grace Daniels).The Caravans' membership has included: James Cleveland, Bessie Griffin, Shirley Caesar, Dorothy Norwood, Inez Andrews, Loleatta Holloway, John McNeil,  Cassietta George, and Delores Washington. Her discovery of these artists resulted in the nickname "Star Maker". <mask> retired The Caravans in the late 1960s,

masks:
Albertina Walker
Walker
Camille Coleman Walker
Albertina
Albertina
Walker
Albertina
Walker
Walker
Walker


title: Albertina Walker

texts:
 performing as a solo artist. In the mid-1970s, <mask> signed with Savoy Records then Benson Records, Word Records, A&M Records, and other record companies, recording a series of solo projects, many of them with big church choirs including The Evangelical Choir, The Cathedral of Love Choir, The Metro Mass choir, and her own church choir, The West Point Choir. Albertina recorded her first solo project Put a Little Love in Your Heart in 1975. She also recorded several projects together with Reverend James Cleveland. To date, she has recorded over 60 albums, including gold selling hits "Please Be Patient With Me", "I Can Go to God in Prayer", "The Best Is Yet to Come", "Impossible Dream", and "Joy Will Come".<mask> sang for United States presidents George W. Bush and Bill Clinton, and South Africa's president, Nelson Mandela. In 1995, <mask> joined Thelma Houston, CeCe Peniston, Phoebe Snow and Lois Walden to record a gospel album in common, Good News in Hard Times, as the quintet called The Sisters of Glory. <mask> recorded a reunion album with her group The Caravans entitled Paved the Way, which was released by Malaco Records on September 5, 2006. Performers included <mask>, Dorothy Norwood, Inez Andrews and Delores Washington. The album was dubbed by Billboard magazine as one of the most memorable releases of 2006 and entered the Billboard charts in the top ten and remained in the top forty for sixteen weeks. Paved the Way was nominated for a Grammy, Dove, Soul Train Music Award and two Stellar Awards. Influence
Ms. <mask> is featured in the book entitled Who's Who in Black America as well as other volumes related to the Golden Age of Gospel Music.She received several keys to various cities and was honored at the

masks: Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker


title: Albertina Walker

texts:
 Chicago Gospel Festival where a bench bearing her name was placed in downtown Chicago's Grant Park. The City of Chicago paid tribute to <mask> by renaming 35th and Cottage Grove "<mask> <mask> and The Caravans Drive". <mask> was also conferred an honorary Doctor of Letters Degree by the Chicago Theological Seminary, an institution of the University of Chicago. <mask> co-founded the Gospel Music Workshop of America along with James Cleveland. <mask> also lent her support to many charitable organizations such as United Negro College Fund, American Cancer Society, National Council of Negro Women,  Nation of Islam's Million Family March, One Voice: "A Fight Against AIDS", NAACP and Operation Push. In 1988 <mask> <mask> founded The Albertina Walker Scholarship Foundation for the Creative and Performing Arts. Her foundation offers financial assistance to college students in the form of scholarships to further their education in the field of music.Death
On her 81st birthday, <mask> was admitted to a local Chicago Hospital and placed on a ventilator. For some time she had been battling emphysema. In early September, rumors of <mask>'s death had spread so wildly that she posted a message on her Facebook page stating: "I'm still here no matter what you might have heard". At the time, she was in ICU dealing with respiratory problems–a condition she battled for years, and kept her on oxygen. On Tuesday, September 7, <mask> had a tracheostomy which doctors deemed a success, and she checked out of a Chicago hospital in late September and was admitted to RML specialty hospital for follow up care. <mask> <mask> was a frequent guest on the nationally syndicated BET and Word television networks, Bobby Jones Gospel, Testify and

masks: Albertina Albertina Walker Albertina Walker Albertina Albertina Walker Walker Walker Walker Albertina Walker


title: Albertina Walker

texts:
 Singsation. Awards and honors
<mask> earned many awards and honors over her six decades of music ministry.Among them, a 1995 Grammy Award for the Best Traditional Gospel Album (Songs of The Church); 10 Grammy Award nominations; 5 Gold Records; 3 Stellar Awards; 3 Dove Awards; several Gospel Music Workshop of America Excellence Awards; an induction into the 2001 Gospel Music Hall of Fame in Nashville, Tennessee. President George Bush honored <mask> <mask> for her contribution to gospel music on May 31, 2002. In 2005, the Grammys honored her contributions to the Gospel music industry. R.E.A.- Robert Estevis Award for the album, The Caravans, Paved The Way. She is also a recipient of a 2005 National Heritage Fellowship awarded by the National Endowment for the Arts, which is the United States government's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts. References

Further reading

External links

1929 births
2010 deaths
Grammy Award winners
American gospel singers
20th-century African-American women singers
National Heritage Fellowship winners
Savoy Records artists
American contraltos
African-American women singer-songwriters
Baptists from Illinois
Deaths from respiratory failure
Singers from Chicago
20th-century Baptists
21st-century African-American women singers
Singer-songwriters from

masks: Walker Albertina Walker


title: Henry Herman Harjes

texts:
<mask> (20 February 1875 – 20 August 1926) was a French born American polo player and banker with Morgan, Harjes & Co. Early life

Harjes was born on 20 February 1875 in Paris, France. He was a son of <mask> (1829–1914) and Amelia (née Hessenbruch) Harjes (1841–1934). Among his siblings was <mask> (wife of Charles Messenger Moore), <mask>, <mask>., Margaretha "Nelly<mask> (wife of jeweler Jacques Cartier). His maternal grandparents were Theophilus Hessenbruch and Bertha (née Everts) Hessenbruch. He was educated by private tutors in England and America before beginning his career as a clerk in the office of J.P. Morgan & Co. in 1896. Career

<mask> was a prominent banker who became the senior partner of Morgan, Harjes & Co. of Paris, which was founded as Drexel, Harjes & Co. by his father <mask> in 1868, after he moved to Paris from Philadelphia in 1854.Harjes and his father, who was born in Switzerland but later became an American citizen, were among the founders in 1906 of the American Hospital of Paris. The younger Harjes inherited management of the firm in 1909, following his father's retirement. Upon his father's death in 1914, Harjes was one of three executors (along with his mother and Edward T. Stotesbury) of his father's multi-million dollar estate. During World War I, he played a significant role behind the scenes by negotiating sizeable loans for the Allies. In time, the Morgan Bank system became the exclusive purchasing agents in the U.S. for the Allies. During the War, he served as head of the American Relief Clearing House  which was responsible for

masks:
Henry Herman Harjes
John Henry Harjes
Louise Rosalie Harjes
Amelia Mae Harjes
John Henry Harjes Jr
" Harjes
Harjes
John Harjes


title: Henry Herman Harjes

texts:
 Fancy", the country home of Malcolm Webster Ford in Babylon on Long Island. Ford was married to Marie's sister, the former Janet Wilhelmina Graves. She was a daughter of Robert Graves and Cesarine (née Barbey) Graves. Together, they were the parents of two daughters:

 Hope Dorothy <mask> (1898–1923), who died in a riding accident. Cesarine Amelia Marie <mask> (1899–1949), who married banker Ralph Wormely Curtis (1908–1973), a son of Ralph Wormeley Curtis, in 1930. After the death of his first wife in Carlsbad, New Mexico from tuberculosis in 1905, he remarried several years later to Frederica Vesta (née Berwind) Gilpin (1884–1954) on 20 February 1911 at the church in the Rue de Berri.Frederica, who was divorced from Charles Gilpin III in January 1911, was a daughter of Charles Frederick Berwind (brother of Edward Julius Berwind and Julia Berwind) and Anita (née Hickman) Berwind. Two of her sisters Edith, Baroness von Kleist, and Fanny, Countess von Montgelas, married into the German aristocracy. Together, Frederica and <mask> lived at 49 rue de la Faisanderie in Paris (which won the Concours de façades de la ville de Paris in 1905 and was designed by Danish architect Hans-Georg Tersling) were the parents of:

 Charles Berwind <mask> (1904–1952), who married Elizabeth Schuster (1913–1980) in 1935. <mask> <mask> Jr. (1912–1994), who married Joan Blake (1916–1983), a granddaughter of William Phipps Blake and half-sister of Mrs. Irving Berlin, in 1934. They divorced in 1947, and he married Tauni de Lesseps (1915–2001), a granddaughter of Ferdinand de Lesseps, in

masks:
Harjes
Harjes
Henry
Harjes
Henry Herman
Harjes


title: Henry Herman Harjes

texts:
 1947. John Frederick <mask> (1914–1972), a Cambridge University graduate who married, and divorced, twice. In 1920, he acquired from the Duke de Vallombrosa the Château d'Abondant, a four story château set on 200 acres of landscaped grounds outside of Paris.The Château d'Abondant was designed by architect Jean Mansart de Jouy and was among a trio of châteaus located near Dreux, in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France, including Château d'Anet and Château Saint-Georges Motel (owned by Consuelo Vanderbilt). near Paris. His son <mask> sold the Château in 1937 to Baron Jules de Koenigswarter of Paris and his wife, the former Pannonica Rothschild. Harjes died on 20 August 1926 in Deauville. After an elaborate funeral officiated by The Very Reverend Frederick W. Beekman, which was attended by J.P. Morgan, Dwight Morrow, Benjamin Strong, S. Parker Gilbert, General John J. Pershing and John Grier Hibben, he was buried at Versailles. He left his entire estate to his wife and three children, with his wife and John Ridgeley Carter as co-executors. Ten years after his death, his wife remarried to Seton Porter (in 1936), and lived at 834 Fifth Avenue in New York City.She died in Newport, Rhode Island in June 1954. References

External links

1875 births
1926 deaths
American people of Swiss descent
American emigrants to France
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
American bankers
House of Morgan
19th-century American businesspeople
French racehorse owners and breeders
American polo players
Deaths by horse-riding accident in France
Sport deaths in

masks: Harjes Henry


title: Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba

texts:
<mask> (; 28 July 1951 – 10 May 2019) was a Spanish statesman, politician and chemist who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Spain from 2010 to 2011, and previously as Minister of Education from 1992 to 1993, as Minister of the Presidency from 1993 to 1996, as Minister of the Interior from 2006 to 2011 and as acting Minister of Defence between May and June 2008. He also served as Leader of the Opposition from 2011 to 2014 and as Secretary-General of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) from 2012 to 2014. He obtained a PhD in Organic Chemistry at the Complutense University of Madrid. Life and career
He was born in Solares village, municipality of Medio Cudeyo, in the province of Santander. Moved at age 3 to Madrid with his family, he studied at the Colegio del Pilar. He obtained a doctorate in chemistry at Complutense University in Madrid, where he went on to become a professor of chemistry, specialising in reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry. He represented Toledo in Congress from 1993 to 1996, Madrid from 1996 until 2004, Cantabria from 2004 to 2008 and, despite not being Andalusian, was put forward for the safe parliamentary seat of Cádiz in the 2008 election, which he won.He was also a passionate and practitioner of athletics, reaching the 100 meter run in 11 seconds. González cabinet
<mask> was appointed Secretary of State for Education in 1986 and in 1992 he was promoted to Minister of Education and Science by Prime Minister Felipe González. After the 1993 general election he was appointed Minister of the Presidency and Relations with the Cortes and Spokesperson of the Government until 1996 when his party lost the general election. He was re-elected MP for Madrid. As a Minister he had to face the accusations that involved the government of Felipe González with the GAL paramilitary group. Interior minister and deputy prime minister
For the 2004 Spanish general election, <mask> was responsible for the electoral strategy of the PSOE. Some political analysts attribute him a decisive role in the socialist victory.After the constitution of the Cortes Generales, <mask> was appointed

masks:
Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba
Rubalcaba
Rubalcaba
Pérez Rubalcaba


title: Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba

texts:
 Leader of the Socialist Group in the Congress of Deputies. On 11 April 2006 he replaced José Antonio Alonso as head of the Ministry of the Interior. It was in this ministry where he gained popularity within his party, thanks, among other measures, to the change of direction in the fight against terrorism that led to the end of the violence of ETA. However, several media and political parties accused <mask> of being involved in the Faisán case, about an extortion network of ETA, a fact that has not been verified. After the socialist victory in the general elections of 2008, <mask> was renewed in the ministerial portfolio, occupying again the position of Minister of the Interior to exercise during the IX Legislature. Between 20 May and 30 June 2008 he assumed the duties of Minister of Defense temporarily during the maternity leave of the head of the department, Carme Chacón, combining these functions with his work in front of Interior. He replaced on 21 October 2010 María Teresa Fernández de la Vega as First Deputy Prime Minister and Spokesperson of the Government, accumulating these charges to the head of the Interior portfolio.On 10 January 2011, ETA declared that their September 2010 ceasefire would be permanent and verifiable by international observers. On 20 October 2011, the Basque terrorist group, after 43 years of activity and more than 800 deaths in Spain, announced its definitive cessation of violence. As minister he also had to face the high accident rate on Spanish roads. His mandate was the most successful in history in reducing the number of fatalities and became a benchmark at European level. Premiership candidate
As it became assumed that President Zapatero was not going to seek reelection he became favorite to succeed him with Carme Chacón as his only rival in the primaries. Nevertheless, in May 2011, Chacón announced that she was withdrawing from the race and in June the Party announced that no other candidate had filed and <mask> became the PSOE's candidate to the premiership for the 2011 general elections. On 8 July 2011, he resigned from his duties in the government in

masks:
Rubalcaba
Pérez Rubalcaba
Rubalcaba


title: Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba

texts:
 order to focus on the general election campaign, which he lost getting the worst results in PSOE's history.He filed to succeed José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero as PSOE's General Secretary and won the vote, held on 6 February 2012. He received 487 votes against 465 for Carme Chacón. Stepping down and later life

Due to the bad results of the party in the 2014 European Parliament election, on 26 May 2014 he resigned of the office. After a leadership election, <mask> was succeeded by the newly elected Secretary General Pedro Sánchez on 13 July 2014. In September 2016 it was announced that <mask> rejoined his position as Chemistry professor at the Complutense University of Madrid and, in addition, he joined the editorial board of the Spanish newspaper El País, of which he was part until July 2018. Amid the 2019 Madrid City Council election, on 26 December 2018 he rejected the proposal of Pedro Sánchez to be the PSOE candidate for mayor of Madrid. Death
<mask> was admitted to the Puerta de Hierro Hospital, in Majadahonda, on 8 May 2019 when he had suffered a severe stroke after teaching in the university.He died two days later aged 67 and PSOE cancelled all the acts of the first day of the campaign for local elections. He had a funeral with state honors at the Congress of Deputies. References

External links
 <mask> Rubalcaba Biography
 Listo para el gran sprint. El Pais article

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1951 births
2019 deaths
Academics of the Complutense University of Madrid
Politicians from Cantabria
Complutense University of Madrid alumni
Deputy Prime Ministers of Spain
Government ministers of Spain
Leaders of political parties in Spain
Members of the 5th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 6th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 7th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 8th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 9th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 10th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
People from Trasmiera
Spanish chemists
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politicians
Interior ministers of Spain
Deaths from cerebrovascular disease
Secretaries of State of

masks:
Rubalcaba
Pérez Rubalcaba
Rubalcaba
Alfredo Pérez


title: Gene Hackman

texts:
<mask> (born January 30, 1930) is an American retired actor and novelist. In a career that has spanned more than six decades, <mask> has won two Academy Awards, four Golden Globes, one Screen Actors Guild Award, and two BAFTAs. Upon the death of Sidney Poitier in 2022, <mask> became the oldest living and earliest surviving Best Actor Oscar-winner. Nominated for five Academy Awards, <mask> won Best Actor for his role as Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle in the critically acclaimed thriller The French Connection (1971) and Best Supporting Actor as "Little" Bill Daggett in Clint Eastwood's Western film Unforgiven (1992). His other nominations for Best Supporting Actor came with the films Bonnie and Clyde (1967) and I Never Sang for My Father (1970), with a second Best Actor nomination for Mississippi Burning (1988). <mask>'s other major film roles included The Poseidon Adventure (1972), The Conversation (1974), French Connection II (1975), A Bridge Too Far (1977), Superman (1978)—as arch-villain Lex Luthor, Hoosiers (1986), No Way Out (1987), Bat*21 (1988), The Firm (1993), The Quick and the Dead (1995),  Get Shorty (1995), Crimson Tide (1995), Enemy of the State (1998), Antz (1998), The Replacements (2000), Behind Enemy Lines (2001), The Royal Tenenbaums (2001), and Welcome to Mooseport (2004)—his final film role before retirement. Early life and education
<mask> was born in San Bernardino, California, the son of <mask> and Anna Lyda Elizabeth (née Gray).He has one brother, Richard. He has Pennsylvania Dutch, English, and Scottish ancestry; his mother was Canadian, and was born in Lambton, Ontario. His family moved frequently, finally settling in Danville, Illinois, where they lived in the house of his English-born maternal grandmother, Beatrice. <mask>'s father operated the printing press for the Commercial-News, a local paper. His parents divorced when he was 13 and his father subsequently left the family.

masks:
Eugene Allen Hackman
Hackman
Hackman
Hackman
Hackman
Hackman
Eugene Ezra Hackman
Hackman


title: Gene Hackman

texts:
 <mask> decided that he wanted to become an actor when he was ten years old. <mask> lived briefly in Storm Lake, Iowa, and spent his sophomore year at Storm Lake High School.He left home at age 16 and lied about his age to enlist in the United States Marine Corps. He served four and a half years as a field radio operator. He was stationed in China (Qingdao and later in Shanghai). When the Communist Revolution conquered the mainland in 1949, <mask> was assigned to Hawaii and Japan. Following his discharge in 1951, he moved to New York City and had several jobs. His mother died in 1962 as a result of a fire she accidentally started while smoking. He began a study of journalism and television production at the University of Illinois under the G.I.Bill, but left and moved back to California. Career

Beginnings to the 1960s
In 1956, <mask> began pursuing an acting career. He joined the Pasadena Playhouse in California, where he befriended another aspiring actor, Dustin Hoffman. Already seen as outsiders by their classmates, <mask> and Hoffman were voted "The Least Likely To Succeed", and <mask> got the lowest score the Pasadena Playhouse had yet given. Determined to prove them wrong, <mask> moved to New York City. A 2004 article in Vanity Fair described <mask>, Hoffman, and Robert Duvall as struggling California-born actors and close friends, sharing NYC apartments in various two-person combinations in the 1960s. To support himself between acting jobs, <mask> was working at a Howard Johnson restaurant when he encountered an instructor from the Pasadena Playhouse, who said that his job proved that <mask> "wouldn't amount to anything".A Marine officer who saw him as a doorman said "<mask>, you're a sorry son of a bitch". Rejection motivated <mask>, who said,

<mask> got various bit roles, for example on the TV series Route 66 in 1963, and began performing in several Off-Broadway plays. In 1964 he had an

masks: Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman


title: Gene Hackman

texts:
 offer to co-star in the play Any Wednesday with actress Sandy Dennis. This opened the door to film work. His first role was in Lilith, with Jean Seberg and Warren Beatty in the leading roles. In 1966 he played a small part as Dr. John Whipple in the epic film Hawaii. In 1967 he appeared in an episode of the television series The Invaders entitled "The Spores".Another supporting role, Buck Barrow in 1967's Bonnie and Clyde, earned him an Academy Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor. In 1968 he appeared in an episode of I Spy, in the role of "Hunter", in the episode "Happy Birthday... Everybody". That same year he starred in the CBS Playhouse episode "My Father and My Mother" and the dystopian television film Shadow on the Land. In 1969 he played a ski coach in Downhill Racer and an astronaut in Marooned. Also that year, he played a member of a barnstorming skydiving team that entertained mostly at county fairs, a movie which also inspired many to pursue skydiving and has a cult-like status amongst skydivers as a result: The Gypsy Moths. He nearly accepted the role of Mike Brady for the TV series The Brady Bunch, but his agent advised that he decline it in exchange for a more promising role, which he did. 1970s
<mask> was nominated for a second Best Supporting Actor Academy Award for his role in I Never Sang for My Father (1970).The next year, he won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance as New York City Detective Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle in The French Connection (1971), marking his graduation to leading-man status. After The French Connection, <mask> starred in ten films (not including his cameo in Young Frankenstein) over the next three years, making him the most prolific actor in Hollywood during that time frame. He followed The French Connection with leading roles in the disaster film The Poseidon Adventure (1972) and Francis Ford Coppola's The Conversation (1974), which was

masks: Hackman Hackman


title: Gene Hackman

texts:
 nominated for several Oscars. That same year, <mask> appeared, in what would become one of his most famous comedic roles, as Harold the Blind Man in Young Frankenstein. He appeared as one of Teddy Roosevelt's former Rough Riders in the Western horse-race saga Bite the Bullet (1975). He reprised his Oscar-winning role as Doyle in the sequel French Connection II (1975), and was part of an all-star cast in the war film A Bridge Too Far (1977), playing Polish General Stanisław Sosabowski. <mask> showed a talent for both comedy and the "slow burn" as criminal mastermind Lex Luthor in Superman: The Movie (1978), a role he would reprise in its 1980 and 1987 sequels.1980s

<mask> alternated between leading and supporting roles during the 1980s, with prominent roles in Reds (1981)—directed by and starring Warren Beatty—Under Fire (1983), Hoosiers (1986) (which an American Film Institute poll in 2008 voted the fourth-greatest film of all time in the sports genre), No Way Out (1987) and Mississippi Burning (1988), where he was nominated for a second Best Actor Oscar. Between 1985 and 1988, he starred in nine films, making him the busiest actor, alongside Steve Guttenberg. 1990s
<mask> appeared with Anne Archer in Narrow Margin (1990), a remake of the 1952 film The Narrow Margin. In 1992, he played the sadistic sheriff "Little" Bill Daggett in the Western Unforgiven directed by Clint Eastwood and written by David Webb Peoples. <mask> had pledged to avoid violent roles, but Eastwood convinced him to take the part, which earned him a second Oscar, this time for Best Supporting Actor. The film also won Best Picture. In 1993, he appeared in Geronimo: An American Legend as Brigadier General George Crook, and co-starred with Tom Cruise as a corrupt lawyer in The Firm, a legal thriller based on the John Grisham novel of the same name.<mask> would appear in two other films based on John Grisham novels, playing

masks: Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman Hackman


title: Gene Hackman

texts:
 convict Sam Cayhall on death row in The Chamber (1996), and jury consultant Rankin Fitch in Runaway Jury (2003). Other notable films <mask> appeared in during the 1990s include Wyatt Earp (1994) (as Nicholas Porter Earp, Wyatt Earp's father), The Quick and the Dead (1995) opposite Sharon Stone, Leonardo DiCaprio and Russell Crowe, and as submarine Captain Frank Ramsey alongside Denzel Washington in Crimson Tide (1995). <mask> played movie director Harry Zimm with John Travolta in the comedy-drama Get Shorty (1995). He reunited with Clint Eastwood in Absolute Power (1997), and co-starred with Will Smith in Enemy of the State (1998), his character reminiscent of the one he had portrayed in The Conversation. In 1996, he took a comedic turn as conservative Senator Kevin Keeley in The Birdcage with Robin Williams and Nathan Lane. 2000s
<mask> co-starred with Owen Wilson in Behind Enemy Lines (2001), and appeared in the David Mamet crime thriller Heist (2001), as an aging professional thief of considerable skill who is forced into one final job. He also gained much critical acclaim playing against type as the head of an eccentric family in Wes Anderson's comedy film The Royal Tenenbaums (2001), for which he received the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Musical or Comedy.In 2003, he also starred in another John Grisham legal drama, Runaway Jury, at long last getting to make a picture with his long-time friend Dustin Hoffman. In 2004, <mask> appeared alongside Ray Romano in the comedy Welcome to Mooseport, his final film acting role to date. <mask> was honored with the Cecil B. DeMille Award from the Golden Globe Awards for his "outstanding contribution to the entertainment field" in 2003. Retirement from acting
On July 7, 2004, <mask> gave a rare interview to Larry King, where he announced that he had no future film projects lined up and believed his acting career was over. In 2008,


title: Gene Hackman

texts:
 while promoting his third novel, he confirmed that he had retired from acting. When asked during a GQ interview in 2011 if he would ever come out of retirement to do one more film, he said he might consider it "if I could do it in my own house, maybe, without them disturbing anything and just one or two people." He briefly came out of retirement to narrate two documentaries related to the Marine Corps: The Unknown Flag Raiser of Iwo Jima (2016) and We, The Marines (2017).Career as a novelist

Together with undersea archaeologist Daniel Lenihan, <mask> has written three historical fiction novels: Wake of the Perdido Star (1999), a sea adventure of the 19th century; Justice for None (2004), a Depression-era tale of murder; and Escape from Andersonville (2008) about a prison escape during the American Civil War. His first solo effort, a story of love and revenge set in the Old West titled Payback at Morning Peak, was released in 2011. A police thriller, Pursuit, followed in 2013. In 2011, he appeared on the Fox Sports Radio show The Loose Cannons, where he discussed his career and his novels with Pat O'Brien, Steve Hartman, and Vic "The Brick" Jacobs. Personal life
<mask>'s first marriage was to Faye Maltese. They had three children: Christopher Allen, Elizabeth Jean, and Leslie Anne <mask>. The couple divorced in 1986 after three decades of marriage.In 1991 he married classical pianist Betsy Arakawa; they have a home in Santa Fe, New Mexico. In the late 1970s, <mask> competed in Sports Car Club of America races, driving an open-wheeled Formula Ford. In 1983, he drove a Dan Gurney Team Toyota in the 24 Hours of Daytona Endurance Race. He also won the Long Beach Grand Prix Celebrity Race. <mask> underwent an angioplasty in 1990. <mask> is a supporter of the Democratic Party, and was proud to be included on Nixon's Enemies List. However, he has spoken fondly of Republican president Ronald Reagan.He is


title: Gene Hackman

texts:
 an avid fan of the Jacksonville Jaguars and regularly attended Jaguars games as a guest of then head coach Jack Del Rio. Their friendship goes back to Del Rio's playing days at the University of Southern California. In January 2012, the then 81-year-old <mask> was riding a bicycle in the Florida Keys when his bicycle was struck by a pickup truck. He made a full recovery, and was still an active bicyclist as of 2018, at the age of 88. Theatre credits
 The Premise improv theatre at The Premise, on Bleecker Street, NYC (1960/61)
 Children From Their Games by Irwin Shaw at the Morosco Theatre (April 1963)
 A Rainy Day in Newark by Howard Teichmann at the Belasco Theatre (October 1963)
 Come to the Palace of Sin by Michael Shurtleff at the Lucille Lortel Theatre (1963)
 Any Wednesday by Muriel Resnik at the Music Box Theatre and the George Abbott Theatre (1964–1966)
 Poor Richard by Jean Kerr with Alan Bates and Shirley Knight at the Helen Hayes Theatre (1964–1965)
 The Natural Look by Leonora Thuna at the Longacre Theatre (1967)
 Fragments and The Basement by Murray Schisgal at the Cherry Lane Theatre (1967)
 Death and the Maiden by Ariel Dorfman with Glenn Close and Richard Dreyfuss, directed by Mike Nichols, at the Brooks Atkinson Theatre (1992)

Filmography

Film

Television

Accolades

Asteroid 55397 <mask>, discovered by Roy Tucker in 2001, was named in his honor. The official  was published by the Minor Planet Center on May 18, 2019 (). Works or publications
 <mask>, <mask>, and Daniel Lenihan.Wake of the Perdido Star. New York: Newmarket Press, 1999. .
 <mask>, <mask>, and Daniel Lenihan. Justice for None. New York: St. Martins Press, 2004. .
 <mask>, <mask>, and Daniel Lenihan. Escape from Andersonville: A Novel of the Civil War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2008. .
 <mask>, <mask>. Payback at Morning Peak: A Novel of the American West.New York: Simon & Schuster Inc, 2011. .
 <mask>, <mask>.

masks: Hackman Hackman Hackman Gene Hackman Gene Hackman Gene Hackman Gene Hackman Gene


title: Enea Koliçi

texts:
<mask> (born 13 February 1986) is an Albanian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for KF Gjilani. <mask> started his career in Iraklis' youth squads. He also played for Olympiacos Volou, Odysseas Kordeliou, Panserraikos and Flamurtari Vlorë before returning to Iraklis in the summer of 2013. He has also been capped with Albania under-21 team. Club career

Early career
He began his career with Iraklis and was loaned out to Beta Ethniki club Olympiacos Volou in January 2009. Since January 2010 is playing for Olympiacos Volou after being released from Iraklis Thessaloniki FC. He was released by Olympiacos Volou in the summer of 2010 and he ended up in the 4th tier club Odysseas Kordeliou.On 10 June 2011, he signed for Panserraikos on a free transfer. Flamurtari Vlorë
In January 2012, Koliçi returned to his country and joined Albanian Superliga outfit Flamurtari Vlorë as a free agent, signing until the end of the season. He made his first ever Albanian Superliga appearance on 11 February in the away match against Kamza, keeping a clean sheet as Flamuratri won 1–0. Following the debut, he became first choice in goal and retained his spot until the end of the season, collecting 19 appearances, including 13 in league, as Flamurtari finished 4th in league, qualifying in the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League first qualifying round, and was eliminated in the semi-finals of Albanian Cup by Tirana. He made his European debut with the team on 5 July 2012 in the first leg against Honvéd. He also played in the returning leg on 12th, as Flamurtari suffered another defeat and was eliminated the aggregate 3–0. Three

masks:
Enea Koliçi
Koliçi


title: Enea Koliçi

texts:
 days later, Koliçi agreed a contract extension, signing until June 2013.Return to Iraklis
On 1 August 2013 he signed a two-year contract with Iraklis. He had to wait until 26 January of the following year to make his return debut, where he kept a clean sheet in an away win against Anagennisi Giannitsa. Olympiacos Volou
On 24 July 2014 Koliçi signed for Olympiacos Volou. He made his competitive debut on 12 October 2014 in the 0–2 home defeat to Zakynthos. During the course of 2014–15 season, Koliçi shared his spot with Alexandros Kasmeridis and Dimitris Rizos, and finished the season with only 8 league appearances, failing to keep a clean sheet. Kukësi

On 24 August 2015, Koliçi completed a transfer to Albanian Superliga side Kukësi by agreeing a one-year deal after initially refused to be on trial. He spent the first part of the season as Ervis Koçi's backup, and was used only in Albanian Cup where he made his debut in the first round against Naftëtari Kuçovë.His league debut would come later on 5 March of the following year in Kukësi's defeat of Vllaznia in Shkodër, entering in the 5th minute in place of injured Koçi. Koliçi retained his spot until the end of the season, making 13 league appearances, in addition 8 in Albanian Cup, including one in final where Kukësi defeated Laçi on penalties. <mask>si season on 30 June 2016 in first leg of UEFA Europa League first qualifying round against Rudar which ended in a 1–1 home draw. He kept a clean sheet in the returning leg as Kukësi progressed to the second round with the 2–1 aggregate. Kukësi then was eliminated in the second round by Austria Wien with the


title: Enea Koliçi

texts:
 aggregate 5–1. On 5 August 2016, he extended his contract for another year. Later on 24 August, Koliçi begun the domestic season by playing in the 2016 Albanian Supercup against Skënderbeu Korçë, where Kukësi emerged victorious at Selman Stërmasi Stadium, aiding the club to win its first ever Albanian Supercup trophy.Koliçi played 28 league games during the 2017–18 season; he lost his starting place to Stivi Frashëri in mid-March 2018 following the arrival of manager Peter Pacult. He played his 100th Albanian Superliga match on 28 February in the 2–2 home draw against Skënderbeu Korçë. On 6 July 2017, Koliçi was not included in the UEFA Champions League squad for the first qualifying round tie versus Malta's Valletta. The following day he announced to have terminated the contract with the club and becoming a free agent. Return to Flamurtari Vlorë
On 26 July 2018, Koliçi signed a one-year contract with Flamurtari, returning in Vlorë after five years. Skënderbeu Korçë
In August 2019, Koliçi joined Skënderbeu Korçë as a free agent on a contract for the 2019–20 season. He made his debut in the opening championship week against his former side Flamurtari Vlorë on 24 August, keeping a clean-sheet in a 1–0 win at home.Gjilani
On 29 July 2020, Koliçi joined Football Superleague of Kosovo side Gjilani, on a two-year contract. International career
<mask> has made 12 appearances for Albania under-21 squad. He was part of the team in the qualifiers of 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championship. After remaining on the bench in the first two matches, <mask> was handed his debut on 8 September 2007 in the match against

masks: Koliçi Koliçi


title: Enea Koliçi

texts:
 Croatia where he kept a clean sheet in an eventual 1–0 win. He second appearance came in the next match against Azerbaijan as Albania didn't get more than a 1–1 draw at Baku. Koliçi finished the campaign by making 7 appearances as Albania finished Group 1 in 4th position, failing thus to qualify for the main tournament. He received his first senior call up at Albania senior team for the friendly match against Georgia on 10 June 2009, where he featured in the game but was an unused substitute for the entire match.Koliçi returned to the national team after eight years in October 2017 to replace the injured Thomas Strakosha for the final 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification matches versus Spain and Italy. He was placed as the third goalkeeper and remained on the bench in both matches. Career statistics

Club

Honours

Club
Kukësi
 Albanian Cup: 2015–16
 Albanian Supercup: 2016
 Albanian Superliga: 2016–17

Individual
Albanian Superliga Player of the Month: February 2017

References

External links

<mask> Koliçi at the Albanian Football Association

1986 births
Living people
People from Pogradec
Albanian emigrants to Greece
Association football goalkeepers
Albanian footballers
Albania youth international footballers
Albania under-21 international footballers
Iraklis Thessaloniki F.C. players
Olympiacos Volou 1937 F.C. players
Panserraikos F.C. players
Flamurtari Vlorë players
FK Kukësi players
KF Skënderbeu Korçë players
Football League (Greece) players
Albanian Superliga players
Albanian Second Division players
Albanian expatriate footballers
Albanian expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate footballers in


title: Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo

texts:
<mask>; March 13, 1499 – January 3, 1543) was a maritime explorer best known for investigations of the West Coast of North America, undertaken on behalf of the Spanish Empire. He was the first European to explore present-day California, navigating along the coast of California in 1542–1543. Nationality

<mask>'s nationalityPortuguese or Spanishhas been debated for centuries. He was described as Portuguese by Spanish chronicler Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas; in his Historia General de los hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas y tierra firme del Mar Oceano, written 60 years after <mask>'s death, Herrera referred to <mask> as <mask> . Several locations in Portugal claim to be his birthplace. However, the source for Herrera's description is unknown. Some historians have long believed that <mask> was from Spain, and a set of documents discovered in 2015 gave strength to that opinion.A witness from a 1532 lawsuit, named <mask> <mask>, testified under oath that he was born in Palma de Micergilio (now Palma del Río), a town in the province of Córdoba in Spain. Other details of the witness's biography match known facts about the explorer. A leader of San Diego's Portuguese community cautioned that the new evidence must be carefully evaluated, and requested that copies of the documents be turned over to the Portuguese government for study. Lapela, in the parish of Cabril and a municipality of Montalegre (Portugal), is the region where allegedly the nickname "Cabrilha" originated. It became the surname Cabrilho and was pronounced at the time Cabrilhe in Galician and

masks:
Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo
Cabrillo
Cabrillo
Cabrillo
Juan Rodriguez Co
Cabrillo
Juan Rodriguez
Cabrillo


title: Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo

texts: what Cabrillo did there. In 1539, Francisco de Ulloa, who had been commissioned by Cortés, explored and named the Sea of Cortés (Gulf of California) and reached nearly as far north as the 30th parallel. Cabrillo was then commissioned by the new Viceroy of New Spain, Antonio de Mendoza, to lead an expedition up the Pacific coast in search of trade opportunities, perhaps to find a way to China (for the full extent of the northern Pacific was unknown) or to find the mythical Strait of Anián (or Northwest Passage) connecting the Pacific Ocean with Hudson Bay. Cabrillo built and owned the flagship of his venture (two or three ships), and stood to profit from any trade or treasure.In 1540, the fleet sailed from Acajutla, El Salvador, and reached Navidad, Mexico on Christmas Day. While in Mexico, Pedro de Alvarado went to the assistance of the town of Nochistlán, which was under siege by hostile natives, and was killed when his horse fell on him, crushing his chest. Following Alvarado's death, the viceroy took possession of Alvarado's fleet. Part of the fleet was sent off to the Philippine Islands under Ruy López de Villalobos and two of the ships were sent north under the command of Cabrillo. On June 27, 1542, <mask> set out from Navidad with three ships: the 200-ton galleon and flagship San Salvador, the smaller La Victoria (c. 100 tons), and the lateen-rigged, twenty-six oared "fragata" or "bergantin" San Miguel. On August 1, Cabrillo anchored within sight of Cedros Island. Before the end of the month they had passed Baja Point (named "Cabo del Engaño" by de Ulloa in


title: Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo

texts: 1539) and entered "uncharted waters, where no Spanish ships had been before".On September 28, he landed in what is now San Diego Bay and named it "San Miguel". A little over a week later he reached Santa Catalina Island (October 7), which he named "San Salvador", after his flagship. On sending a boat to the island "a great crowd of armed Indians appeared" – whom, however, they later "befriended". Nearby San Clemente Island was named "Victoria", in honor of the third ship of the fleet. The next morning, October 8, Cabrillo came to San Pedro Bay, which was named "Baya de los Fumos" (English: Smoke Bay). The following day they anchored overnight in Santa Monica Bay. Going up the coast Cabrillo saw Anacapa Island, which they learned from the Indians was uninhabited.The fleet spent the next week in the islands, mostly anchored in Cuyler Harbor, a bay on the northeastern coast of San Miguel Island. On October 18 the expedition saw Point Conception, which they named "Cabo de Galera". <mask>'s expedition recorded the names of numerous Chumash villages on the California coast and adjacent islands in October 1542 – then located in the two warring provinces of Xexo (ruled by an "old woman", now Santa Barbara County, California) and Xucu (now Ventura County, California). On November 13 they sighted and named "Cabo de Piños" (possibly either Point Pinos or Point Reyes), but missed the entrance to San Francisco Bay, a lapse that mariners would repeat for the next two centuries and more, most likely because its entrance is frequently shrouded by fog. The expedition may have


title: Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo

texts:
 reached as far north as the Russian River or even the Columbia before autumn storms forced them to turn back. Because of the vagueness of his description, it is uncertain which northern river the expedition sighted. Coming back down the coast, <mask> entered Monterey Bay, naming it "Bahia de Los Piños".On November 23, 1542, the little fleet arrived back in "San Salvador" (Santa Catalina Island) to overwinter and make repairs. There, around Christmas Eve, <mask> stepped out of his boat and splintered his shin when he stumbled onto a jagged rock while trying to rescue some of his men from attacking Tongva warriors. The injury became infected and developed gangrene, and he died on January 3, 1543 and was buried. A possible headstone was later found on San Miguel Island. His second-in-command brought the remainder of the party back to Navidad, where they arrived April 14, 1543. A notary's official report of <mask>'s expedition was lost; all that survives is a summary of it made by another investigator, Andrés de Urdaneta, who also had access to ships' logs and charts. No printed account of <mask>'s voyage appeared before historian Antonio de Herrera's account early in the 17th century.Namesakes and commemorations

His discoveries went largely unnoticed at the time, so none of his place names were permanently adopted. Despite this, <mask> is now remembered as the first European to travel the California coast, and many parks, schools, buildings and streets in California bear his name. Most notably, the National Park Service operates Cabrillo National Monument,

masks: Cabrillo Cabrillo Cabrillo Cabrillo Cabrillo


title: Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo

texts: overlooking the bay and ocean from Point Loma in San Diego, commemorating his first landing in California and offering views of San Diego and the Pacific Ocean. The monument features a larger-than-life statue of <mask>, donated by the government of Portugal, as well as a plaque honoring him donated in 1935 by the Portuguese ambassador to the United States. A museum in the park focuses on Cabrillo and his voyages of discovery. Every September Cabrillo Festival Inc. hosts the Cabrillo Festival, an annual three-day celebration of his discovery of San Diego Bay, including a re-enactment of his landing at Ballast Point. Another Cabrillo Monument is located on San Miguel Island.In the state of California, September 28 is officially "Cabrillo Day". A civic organization of Portuguese-Americans primarily in California is called the Cabrillo Club. In northern California, the Point Cabrillo Light is named after him. San Pedro, part of the city of Los Angeles, has Cabrillo Beach and the Cabrillo Marine Aquarium. Schools named for him include Cabrillo College in Aptos, California, high schools in Lompoc and Long Beach, and several middle and elementary schools. The portion of California State Route 1 that runs from Las Cruces in Santa Barbara County north to San Francisco is called the Cabrillo Highway. The Cabrillo Bridge and Cabrillo Freeway (California State Route 163) running through San Diego's Balboa Park are also named for him.There are streets named for him in many cities in California. The SS Cabrillo was a wooden steamer launched in 1914 to serve as a ferry across the


title: Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo

texts:
 San Pedro Channel to Santa Catalina Island. It was later requisitioned by the United States Army and served as a troop transport in northern California during World War II. In 1992, the United States Postal Service issued a 29¢ stamp in honor of Cabrillo. San Salvador replica
The Maritime Museum of San Diego, in partnership with Cabrillo National Monument, has built a full-sized, fully functional, and historically accurate replica of <mask> Cabrillo's flagship, San Salvador. The construction of the replica was based on historical and archeological research into early Spanish and Portuguese shipbuilding techniques. The construction was carried out in full public view on the shores of San Diego Bay by professional boat builders, assisted by scores of volunteers.Her keel was laid in April 2011; her first official public unveiling was in September 2015 when she led a parade of tall ships. The replica ship now sails on regular tours in the waters  the Southern California coast as an educational historical resource. Footnotes

References
Kelsey, Harry. 1986. <mask> <mask>. The Huntington Library, San Marino
Cabrillo National Monument Foundation. 1999 "An Account of the Voyage of <mask> Cabrillo."Tavares, João Soares, 1998, " João Rodrigues Cabrilho um Homem do Barroso? ", Lisboa, Portugal
 Tavares, João Soares, 2009, "Montalegre e o descobridor da Costa da Califórnia", Editora Cidade Berço, Guimarães, Portugal
Kramer, Wendy, 2018, El español que exploró California: <mask> <mask> (c.1497–1543) De Palma del Río a Guatemala. Editorial Córdoba, Esp. (Diputacion de Córdoba,

masks:
Juan Rodriquez
Juan Rodríguez
Cabrillo
Juan Rodriguez
Juan Rodríguez
Cabrillo


title: Károly Ferenczy

texts:
<mask> (February 8, 1862 – March 18, 1917) was a Hungarian painter and leading member of the Nagybánya artists' colony. He was among several artists who went to Munich for study in the late nineteenth century, where he attended free classes by the Hungarian painter, Simon Hollósy. Upon his return to Hungary, Ferenczy helped found the artists colony in 1896, and became one of its major figures. <mask> is considered the "father of Hungarian impressionism and post-impressionism" and the "founder of modern Hungarian painting." He has been collected by the Hungarian National Gallery, which holds 51 of his paintings, as well as other major and regional institutions, including the Ferenczy Károly Museum, founded in his birthplace of Szentendre, and private collectors. In 1966 the Hungarian National Gallery had a major exhibition of the colony's work: The Art of Nagybánya. Centennial Exhibition in Celebration of the Artists' Colony in Nagybánya.In November 2011, it opened a large retrospective of Ferenczy, featuring him for six months, to enable more viewers to appreciate the breadth of his work. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born in 1862 to a Hungarian-Jewish family in Vienna, Austria. His mother died soon after he was born. He first studied law and completed a degree from the College of Economy. His future wife, Olga Fialka, encouraged Ferenczy to explore painting and he traveled in Italy. After studying in Paris in 1887 and starting to paint in Hungary, in 1893 he took his young family to Munich. They lived there until 1896, while he studied with the Hungarian painter Simon

masks:
Károly Ferenczy
Ferenczy
Károly
Ferenczy


title: Károly Ferenczy

texts:
 Hollósy and the circle of young artists around him.Marriage and family
He married Olga Fialka, also a painter. He went to study at the Académie Julian in Paris in 1887. In 1889 he and his wife settled in Szentendre, a small town near Budapest. They had two sons and a daughter together: Valér (b. 1888) and Béni and Noémi, fraternal twins born in 1890. Olga gave up her painting to support her family and husband's career. Among <mask>'s 51 works held by the Hungarian National Gallery are portraits of his children, including one of the three of them as young adults, and one of Noémi and Béni at age 18.All the children became artists; Valér became a painter, Noémi founded modern Hungarian tapestry, in which she became a "master", and Béni Ferenczy became a sculptor. Career
In Hungary, Ferenczy started painting in a naturalistic style, as he had been influenced by Jules Bastien-Lepage. Seeking more training, he took his young family with him to Munich in 1893, the art center of Central and Eastern Europe. They lived there until 1896. There he encountered Simon Hollósy, a Hungarian painter not much older than he, who ran free classes that were more open to new influences than those at the Munich Academy. Hollósy encouraged an appreciation of French painters and their techniques, including en plein air painting. Ferenczy met the young Hungarian artists István Réti and János Thorma in Hollosy's circle in Munich, and the men collaborated on their ideas.Returning to Hungary in 1896, <mask> joined Réti and Thorma at Nagybánya, and they persuaded Hollósy to bring his classes there. They founded an

masks: Ferenczy Ferenczy


title: Károly Ferenczy

texts: artists' colony in Nagybánya (today Baia Mare, Romania) where they taught and mentored many Hungarian artists. Even in the first years, Ferenczy had a studio in Budapest during the winter, which he maintained throughout his career. <mask>'s first exhibit in 1903 in Budapest marked his entry into making a living as an artist. In 1906, the painter was offered a teaching position at the Hungarian Royal Drawing School, now the Hungarian University of Fine Arts. He returned to Nagybanya in summers to teach, and has been strongly associated with the colony. His studio paintings were most important to his art, and he painted a traditional array of genres: nudes, still lifes, the urban scenes of circus performers.By his own work and his teaching, Ferenczy is considered the "father of Hungarian impressionism and post-impressionism" and the "founder of modern Hungarian painting." In his later years, Ferenczy painted subjects ranging from portraits, to nudes, and Biblical scenes. In this period, "[t]he reconciliation of the abstract aesthetic ideal with sensual beauty became a central concern of his art." Ferenczy was highly productive, and he worked in a variety of materials and genres. In November 2011, a major retrospective exhibition opened for six months at the Hungarian National Gallery, featuring nearly 150 paintings and 80 prints and drawings, together with about 50 documents (photographs, letters, catalogues and books) related to his art and life. It was the first major exhibit of his work in nearly a century. The works were drawn from private holdings as well as public


title: Károly Ferenczy

texts:
 collections.Exhibits
2011, The Retrospective Exhibition of <mask> <mask> (1862-1917), 30 November 2011 - 17 June 2012, Hungarian National Gallery
2009 "Munich in Hungarian, Hungarian Artists in Munich 1850-1914, 2 Oct 2009 - Jan 2010", Hungarian National Gallery
1991-1992, Standing in the Storm: The Hungarian Avant-Garde from 1908-1930, Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, California
1966, The Art of Nagybánya. Centennial Exhibition in Celebration of the Artists' Colony in Nagybánya. Legacy and honours
1972, the Ferenczy Museum was founded in Szentendre, to honour all the artists in the family, an effort led by his daughter-in-law Erszi Ferenczy, widow of Béni. (It is now named the Ferenczy Károly Múzeum, after the most prominent member.) 1993, the Ferenczy Family Foundation was set up by Erszi Ferenczy to preserve the works of the family and educate people about them. Gallery

Notes

Further reading
Boros, Judit, “Kép és Érósz – Ferenczy Károly utolsó festői korszaka [Image and Eros: The Last Period of Károly Ferenczy's Art],” <mask> <mask> (1862-1917) gyűjteményes kiállítása [The Retrospective Exhibition of <mask> Ferenczy], eds. Judit Boros and Edit Plesznivy, Budapest: Hungarian National Gallery, 2011, pp.49–66. [summary in English: p. 67.] External links

 Works by <mask> Ferenczy

1862 births
1917 deaths
Artists from Vienna
Hungarian Impressionist painters
Hungarian realist painters
Burials at Kerepesi Cemetery
Hungarian University of Fine Arts faculty
19th-century Hungarian painters
19th-century male artists
20th-century Hungarian painters
20th-century male

masks: Károly Ferenczy Ferenczy Károly Károly Károly


title: Mel Martínez

texts:
<mask> (born October 23, 1946) is a Cuban-American lobbyist and former politician who served as a United States Senator from Florida from 2005 to 2009 and as general chairman of the Republican Party from November 2006 until October 19, 2007. Previously, <mask> served as the 12th Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under President George W. Bush. <mask> is a Cuban-American and Roman Catholic. He announced he was resigning as general chairman of the Republican National Committee on October 19, 2007. <mask> resigned his United States Cabinet post on August 12, 2004, to run for the open U.S. Senate seat in Florida being vacated by retiring Democratic Senator Bob Graham. <mask> secured the Republican nomination and narrowly defeated the Democratic nominee, Betty Castor. His election made him the first Cuban-American to serve in the U.S. Senate.Furthermore, he and Ken Salazar (who is Mexican-American)  were the first Hispanic U.S. Senators since 1977. They were joined by a third, Bob Menéndez (who is also Cuban-American) in January 2006, until Salazar resigned from the Senate on January 20, 2009, to become Secretary of the Interior. On December 2, 2008, <mask> announced he would not be running for re-election to the Senate in 2010. On August 7, 2009, CNN and the Orlando Sentinel reported that <mask> would be resigning from his Senate seat. Later that month, Governor Charlie Crist announced that he would appoint George LeMieux as the successor to <mask> for the remaining year and a half of the Senate term. Two weeks after <mask> resigned his Senate seat, The Hill reported that he would become a lobbyist and partner at international firm DLA Piper.He left DLA Piper in August 2010 to become chairman of Chase Bank Florida and its operations in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. Martinez is currently chairman of the Southeast and Latin America for JPMorgan, Chase & Co. <mask> also serves as a co-chair of the Housing Commission at the Bipartisan Policy Center. Early life
<mask> was born in Sagua La Grande, Cuba, the son of Gladys V. (Ruíz) and <mask> C<mask>. He came to the United States

masks:
Melqudes Rafael Ruiz Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Melqudes
. Martínez


title: Mel Martínez

texts:
 in 1962 as part of a Roman Catholic humanitarian effort called Operation Peter Pan, which brought into the U.S. more than 14,000 children. Catholic charitable groups provided Martinez a temporary home at two youth facilities. At the time <mask> was alone and spoke virtually no English. He graduated from Bishop Moore High School in 1964.He subsequently lived with two foster families, and in 1966 was reunited with his family in Orlando. <mask> received an associate degree from Orlando Junior College in 1967, a bachelor's degree in international affairs from Florida State University, and his Juris Doctor degree from Florida State University College of Law in 1973. He began his legal career working at the Orlando personal injury law firm Wooten Kimbrough, where he became a partner and worked for more than a decade. During his 25 years of law practice in Orlando, he was involved in various civic organizations. He served as vice-president of the board of Catholic Charities of the Orlando Diocese. Early political career

In 1994, <mask> ran for Lieutenant Governor of Florida. He teamed up with future Family Research Council President Ken Connor, the gubernatorial candidate.The <mask> ticket was defeated in the Republican primary, finishing fifth with 83,945 votes, or 9.31% of the vote. On November 3, 1998, <mask> was elected Orange County Chairman (during <mask>'s tenure the position was relabeled mayor). While in office, <mask> implemented what became known as the "<mask> doctrine" which prohibits development from taking place unless adequate public infrastructure, specifically school capacity, is able to support such development. The doctrine was challenged in court, but its legality was upheld when the Florida Supreme Court declined to hear an appeal to a lower court's ruling. <mask> served as mayor through the end of 2000. Before becoming Secretary of HUD, <mask>  served on the Governor's Growth Management Study Commission. He previously served as president of the Orlando Utilities Commission, on the board of directors of a community bank, and as chairman of the Orlando Housing

masks:
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Connor Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
Martínez


title: Mel Martínez

texts:
 Authority.Serving as co-chairman of then-Texas Gov. George W. Bush's 2000 presidential election campaign in Florida, <mask> was a leading fundraiser. He was one of the 25 electors from Florida, who voted for Bush in the 2000 election. While serving as HUD Secretary, <mask> sat as an ex officio member of the President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans. Personal life
<mask> and his wife Kitty have three children named (<mask>, <mask>, and <mask>) and five grandchildren. He is the brother of Rafael E<mask>. <mask> resides in Orlando.U.S. Senate election, 2004
In November 2004, <mask> was the Republican nominee in the U.S. Senate election to replace retiring Democrat Bob Graham. Much of <mask>'s support came from Washington: he was endorsed early by many prominent Republican groups, and publicly supported by key national Republican figures such as Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist. His Cuban background and his popularity in the battleground Orlando, Florida, region both contributed to his appeal to the statewide GOP in Florida. But Internet magazine Salon reported that <mask> wanted to run for governor in 2006, though the GOP convinced him to run for the Senate two years earlier instead. Primary
<mask>'s nomination by the Republican Party was far from certain. He was seriously challenged by former Congressman Bill McCollum. McCollum criticized <mask>'s background as a plaintiff's attorney, and many Republicans initially feared that <mask>'s nomination would destroy the GOP's ability to criticize Democratic vice presidential nominee John Edwards' background.<mask> was also said to be soft on tort reform, a major Republican issue in the 2004 race. After a McCollum surge in the final weeks leading up to the primary, <mask> fought back in the last week of the race, putting out mass mailings and television ads that called McCollum "the new darling of homosexual extremists," pointing out that McCollum had sponsored hate crimes legislation while a member of the House of Representatives. <mask> pulled some of the more offensive ads from the air after a personal

masks:
Martínez
Martínez
Mel Martínez
Lauren Martínez
John Martínez
Andrew Martínez
. Martínez
Mel Martínez
Martínez
Martínez
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Martínez
Martínez
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title: Mel Martínez

texts:
 appeal from Governor Jeb Bush, but never disavowed them. The St. Petersburg Times took the extraordinary step of revoking its endorsement of <mask> in the Republican primary and endorsing McCollum. In the Republican primary on August 31, <mask> won a decisive victory over McCollum (45 to 31 percent). Shortly afterward, he spoke alongside President Bush at the 2004 Republican National Convention on September 2. During part of his tenure in the Senate, <mask> sat at the Candy desk.General election
<mask> defeated his Democratic opponent, Betty Castor, in a very close election that was preceded by numerous negative television ads from both campaigns. <mask>'s margin of victory was small enough that a winner was not declared until Castor conceded the day after the election. Twelve of Martinez's 25 stops on taxpayer-funded domestic trips as Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in 2003 were to Florida cities, at the same time that he was also campaigning for Senate in Florida. President Bush won in Florida by 52%-47%, but <mask> only won 49.5%-48.4%, with a margin of about 70,000 votes. <mask> did much worse than Bush in the Tampa area, such as in Hillsborough, and Pinellas counties, and in smaller counties such as Liberty and Lafayette. The only counties that <mask> won that Bush did not were Orange and Miami-Dade. Campaign reporting violation
In August 2006, the <mask> campaign acknowledged that the 2004 campaign had been under review by the Federal Election Commission for more than a year.Following the 2004 election, <mask> originally reported that his $12-million campaign had about $115,000 in debt, according to FEC documents. But a revision showed his campaign instead owed $685,000 in election expenses. The campaign spent about $300,000 in accounting and attorney's fees related to the 2004 campaign. On October 28, 2008, Republican Sen. <mask> agreed to pay $99,000 in fines for his campaign's failure to comply with federal election laws, including its acceptance of excess contributions, records show. An FEC audit found <mask>'s campaign accepted a total of $313,235 in contributions

masks:
Martínez
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title: Mel Martínez

texts:
 that exceeded limits from 186 donors. The fine was agreed to by the FEC on Sep 10 and was posted a month later in its database. The organization Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW) filed a complaint with the Federal Elections Commission (FEC) in August 2006 that alleged <mask>i for Democratic Senator Bill Nelson's 2006 re-election campaign. In April 2007, the FEC notified CREW it had reviewed the allegations against Bacardi, the <mask> campaign and the Nelson campaign, found no reason to believe any of the alleged violations occurred, and closed the matter. Staffing controversies

On April 6, 2005, <mask> accepted the resignation of his legal counsel, Brian Darling, who was responsible for writing and circulating the Schiavo memo related to the Terry Schiavo case. <mask> immediately denied all knowledge of Darling's involvement in the situation, noting that he himself had inadvertently passed a copy of the memo to Democratic Senator Tom Harkin of Iowa, believing that it was nothing more than an outline of the Republican proposal. <mask> asserted that the memo "was intended to be a working draft," stating that Darling "doesn't really know how I got it." The Schiavo memo is the third incident in which <mask> accepted broad responsibility while laying blame upon a staffer for the underlying deed.During the Republican primary, a staffer was blamed for a passage in a campaign flyer painting his opponent Bill McCollum as a servant of the "radical homosexual lobby." Shortly thereafter another staffer was blamed for labeling federal agents involved in the Elián González affair as "armed thugs." In spite of <mask>'s vocal objections to homosexual issues such as gay marriage, he employed two gay men in his 2004 Senate campaign. Republican National Committee

In November 2006, <mask> was named general chairman of the Republican Party for the 2007–2008 election cycle (Mike Duncan handled the day-to-day operations). Some felt the choice was made in part due to the dip in support for Republicans among Latino voters in the 2006 midterm elections. Some conservatives objected to

masks: Martínezcard Martínez Martínez Martínez Martínez Martínez Martínez Martínez