title: Herbert Armitage James

texts: <mask>, CH (3 August 1844 – 15 November 1931) was a Welsh cleric and headmaster of three leading public schools, who ended his "remarkable scholastic career", as it was later described by Austen Chamberlain, by becoming President of St John's College, Oxford. After an Oxford education and early teaching career at Marlborough College, he was headmaster of Rossall School from 1875 to 1886. It was said that he raised the school "to a pitch of all-round excellence which it had not known before". After suffering from health problems at Rossall, he served as Dean of St Asaph from 1886 to 1889. He returned to teaching in 1889, becoming headmaster of Cheltenham College and remaining in this post until 1895, despite being offered the position of headmaster of Clifton College. He then became headmaster of Rugby School and served there to great acclaim. His Rugby School nickname of "The Bodger" is still in use at the school.He left Rugby School in 1909 to become President of St John's College, Oxford, a position he held until his death 22 years later. He was a highly respected teacher and preacher, being described as one of the best preachers of his day. He was widely praised for his work at Rossall, Cheltenham, Rugby and St John's. He was made a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour by King George V in 1926. At a dinner in his honour held to mark this award, attended by over 200 friends and former students, he was described by Austen Chamberlain (the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs) as "one of the greatest and most forceful characters who had ever devoted himself to education". The Lord Chancellor, Viscount Cave, also spoke at the dinner to praise <mask>'s directness in his opinions and decisions, his weighty judgment, his high character and his

masks:
Herbert Armitage James
James


title: Herbert Armitage James

type: original

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 kindly nature. Early life and education
He was born in Kirkdale, Liverpool, the son of the Rev.Dr. <mask>, rector of Panteg, Monmouthshire, from 1856 to 1871. He was educated at King Henry VIII Grammar School, Abergavenny, and then studied at two Oxford colleges. He matriculated at Jesus College in 1863, before winning a scholarship and moving to Lincoln College in 1864, obtaining a first-class degree in Literae Humaniores in 1867. He was appointed a Fellow of St John's College in 1869 and was President of the Oxford Union Society in 1871 (where he nominated H. H. Asquith to the Standing Committee). He was then ordained, and received his Bachelor of Divinity degree in 1874. Later, on 31 May 1895, he was awarded the degree of Doctor of Divinity, having previously been excused by the university from satisfying the requirements normally set for the award of the degree. Teaching career

He was Assistant Master at Marlborough College from 1872 to 1875 before being appointed Headmaster of Rossall School in 1875.On the last day of his first year as headmaster, the whole school (with the exception of a couple of students) gathered outside the school to hiss and boo at <mask>. Despite this, he held this position until 1886 and was regarded as having been "brilliantly successful, raising the school in the 11 years of his reign to a pitch of all-round excellence which it had not known before". His students at Rossall included Henry Stuart-Jones, who became a distinguished classical scholar. One of Stuart-Jones's contemporaries later gave <mask> the credit for making Stuart-Jones an "accurate and industrious scholar". The strain of his position at Rossall School having affected his health, he was appointed Dean of St Asaph in 1886. In 1889, his health restored,

masks:
David James
James
James


title: Herbert Armitage James

texts:
 he left St Asaph to become Principal of Cheltenham College (1889–95). He was again successful in this post, and was offered the position of Headmaster of Clifton College, but was prevailed upon to stay.He made participation in games a compulsory part of the boys' education in 1889. He also started the building of a new chapel to mark the college's centenary in 1891. When Dr Percival was appointed Bishop of Hereford, <mask> succeeded him in 1895 as Headmaster of Rugby School. He was headmaster for 14 years and was very well regarded: it was said that the school had "seldom stood higher since Arnold's day" than under his leadership (in reference to Thomas Arnold, who was headmaster from 1828 to 1841). He was also described in his obituary in The Times as having "once more showed himself a complete master of his profession, equally effective and esteemed in the class-room and the pulpit, in the School House of Dr. Arnold, and on the playing fields." He was nicknamed "The Bodger", and this term is still part of Rugby School slang. King Edward VII visited Rugby School towards the end of <mask>'s time as headmaster on 3 July 1909, the first royal visit to the School.St John's College

He returned to Oxford in 1909 as President of St John's College (having been made an honorary fellow in 1895) and held this position until his death in 1931. He was regarded during this time as a leader for the causes of the church and the Conservative Party, and was described as "winning all hearts with his geniality, his good sense, and his readiness to help all with whom he was brought into contact." In 1918, during his time as college President, his photograph was taken for inclusion in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery. He was made a Companion of Honour by

masks: James James


title: Herbert Armitage James

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 King George V in the Birthday Honours List of 1926. On 15 October 1926, over two hundred friends and former students attended a dinner held in his honour at the Hotel Victoria to celebrate the award, with Viscount Cave (who was Lord Chancellor and also Chancellor of Oxford University) presiding. Other guests included Viscount Lee, Sir Maurice Hankey (the Cabinet Secretary), the sculptor Sir George Frampton, the civil servant Ernest Gowers (who had been educated at Rugby when <mask> was headmaster) and the MP Sir <mask>-Gardner. Austen Chamberlain (the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and a governor of Rugby School) spoke, along with representatives of the other schools with which he had been associated.Lord Cave praised <mask>'s directness in his opinions and decisions, his weighty judgment, his high character and his kindly nature. He said that membership of the Companionship of Honour had been given only to a few who had rendered "special social service" to the country, and he rejoiced that <mask> had been "enrolled" in this "select band". He added that St John's College and Oxford University owed <mask> a "debt of gratitude" for his "wise advice and guidance". <mask>, he said, "had never dealt in the fine shades, or in the analysis of tendencies, or the exploration of avenues. Whatever was right had to be done. Whatever was wrong he fought with all his might." Marlborough School paid tribute to <mask> through a poem by Charles Larcom Graves.One stanza was later quoted in the obituary of <mask> published by The Times:

Chamberlain said that <mask> had had a "remarkable scholastic career" and had exercised a "great and powerful influence" in the schools that he had served, leaving behind "a memory dear to all who had known him". He said that

masks:
James
James Agg
James
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James
James
James
James
James


title: Herbert Armitage James

texts:
 <mask> was regarded as "one of the greatest and most forceful characters who had ever devoted himself to education." The dinner itself was reported as a news item in The Times on the following day, with a list of the principal attendees and summaries of the main speeches, and of <mask>'s response, in which he said that he regarded the honour he had received as one bestowed on teaching. Works and interests

His publications included an edition with English notes of Cicero's Pro Plancio (1871) and a collection of sermons from his time at Rossall School, published as School Ideals (1887). He was very highly regarded as a preacher, being appointed as Select Preacher for Oxford University in 1894, 1897 and 1900; he was said to be "undoubtedly one of the best preachers of his day, at school and elsewhere". He was a keen cricketer and golfer, and had been captain of the Lincoln College XI when a student there. He was also said to have been a useful member of the St John's College XI, both for his batting and his slow bowling.The story was told at the 1926 dinner in his honour that he had taught A G Steel how to bowl a "twister", and that Steel had gone on to take many wickets in test matches against the Australians as a result. He was devoted to philately and had what was regarded as one of the best stamp collections in England. On his death, it was estimated as being worth between £5,000 and £6,000 (approximately £ to £ as of ), despite the fact that he had dispersed much of his collection before his death. Death and memorials

<mask> died at St John's College on 15 November 1931 at the age of 87. After a funeral service at St Giles's Church, Oxford, he was buried in Wolvercote Cemetery. In his will, he left £2,000 to the Church in Wales and £200 to the

masks: James James James


title: Herbert Armitage James

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 Rector of St Mary's Church, Panteg, to maintain the graves of his parents and for church work in the parish. He also left money to his old school in Abergavenny, Lincoln College, St John's College and the schools at which he had been headmaster.He also left a sum to the Royal Philatelic Society. After other various bequests, he left the residue of his estate to his brother for life – as <mask> had never married, his brother was his next of kin. After his brother's death, his estate was to pass to St John's College to assist undergraduates and to support the work of the choir. <mask> had been presented with a gold watch and chain when leaving his position as headmaster of Rossall School in 1886. These were sold after his death, and were donated back to Rossall School by the purchaser (a former student of the school) for the use of future headmasters. A memorial tablet to <mask> was erected in 1933 in the chapel of Rossall School; it was unveiled by Lord Derby, president of the Rossall School Corporation. A oak chancel screen was also erected as a memorial to <mask> in St Mary's Church, Panteg, with the unveiling in 1935 being carried out by Lord Trevethin, a friend of <mask> since childhood.Rugby School erected the <mask> Pavilion in his memory, which was opened in 1937 with Sir Pelham Warner, an Old Rugbeian, paying tribute to <mask>'s love of cricket. References

1844 births
1931 deaths
19th-century Welsh Anglican priests
Welsh schoolteachers
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
Alumni of Lincoln College, Oxford
Fellows of St John's College, Oxford
Head Masters of Rugby School
Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
People from Panteg
Presidents of St John's College, Oxford
Presidents of the Oxford Union
Rossall School
British philatelists
Deans

masks: James James James James James James James


title: John Wilkinson (industrialist)

texts:
<mask>Iron-Mad" <mask> (1728 – 14 July 1808) was an English industrialist who pioneered the manufacture of cast iron and the use of cast-iron goods during the Industrial Revolution. He was the inventor of a precision boring machine that could bore cast iron cylinders, such as cannon barrels  and piston cylinders used in the steam engines of James Watt. His boring machine has been called the first machine tool. He also developed a blowing device for blast furnaces that allowed higher temperatures, increasing their efficiency, and helped sponsor the first iron bridge in Coalbrookdale. He is notable for his method of cannon boring, his techniques at casting iron, and his work with the government of France to establish a cannon foundry. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in Little Clifton, Bridgefoot, Cumberland (now part of Cumbria), the eldest son of <mask> and <mask>. Isaac was then the potfounder at the blast furnace there, one of the first to use coke instead of charcoal, which was pioneered by Abraham Darby.<mask> and his half-brother William, who was 17 years younger, were raised in a non-conformist Presbyterian family and he was educated at a dissenting academy at Kendal, run by Dr Caleb Rotherham. His sister Mary married another non-conformist, Joseph Priestley in 1762. Priestley also played a role in educating <mask>'s younger brother, William. In 1745, when <mask> was 17, he was apprenticed to a Liverpool merchant for five years and then entered into partnership with his father. When his father moved to Bersham furnace near Wrexham in 1753 <mask> remained at Kirkby Lonsdale in Westmorland where he married Ann Maudesley on 12 June 1755. Iron master

From 1755 <mask> became a partner in the Bersham concern and in 1757 with partners, he erected a blast furnace at Willey, near Broseley in Shropshire. Later he built another furnace and works at New Willey.He made

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John "
Wilkinson
John Wilkinson
Isaac Wilkinson
Mary Johnson
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John
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John Wilkinson


title: John Wilkinson (industrialist)

texts:
 his home in Broseley in a house called 'The Lawns' which became his headquarters for many years. He had houses either side of 'The Lawns' which served for administration, one being named 'The Mint' used for distribution of the thousands of tokens, each valued equivalent to a halfpenny. In East Shropshire he also developed iron works at Snedshill, Hollinswood, Hadley and Hampton Loade. He and Edward Blakeway also leased land to build another at Bradley works in Bilston parish, near Wolverhampton. He became known as the Father of the extensive South Staffordshire iron industry with Bilston as the start of the Black Country. In 1761, he took over Bersham Ironworks as well. Bradley became his largest and most successful enterprise, and was the site of extensive experiments in getting raw coal to substitute for coke in the production of cast iron.At its peak, it included a number of blast furnaces, a brick works, potteries, glass works, and rolling mills. The Birmingham Canal was subsequently built near the Bradley works. Inventions
<mask> was a prolific inventor of new products and processes, and especially anything connected with novel uses of cast iron and wrought iron. His development of a machine tool for boring cast iron cannons presaged the accurate boring of cylinders for the first Watt steam engines. He also improved the air supply for the blast furnace using a new design of bellows, and was the first to use wrought iron in canal barges. He supported the construction of the first important cast iron bridge at Coalbrookdale. Cannon boring machine

Bersham became well known for high-quality casting and a producer of guns and cannon.Historically cannons had been cast with a core and then bored to remove imperfections, but in 1774 <mask> patented a technique for boring iron guns from a solid piece, rotating the gun barrel rather than the boring-bar. This technique made

masks: Wilkinson Wilkinson


title: John Wilkinson (industrialist)

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 the guns more accurate since the bore was uniform in diameter, and less likely to explode. While bronze cannon were already being bored from the solid, the boring of large iron naval cannon was novel. The patent was quashed in 1779 (the navy saw it as a monopoly and sought to overthrow it) but <mask> still remained a major manufacturer. In 1792 <mask> bought the Brymbo Hall estate in Denbighshire, not far from Bersham, where furnaces and other plant were installed. After his death and the decline of his industrial empire, the ironworks lay idle for some years until in 1842. It became once again an important works and eventually became Brymbo Steelworks, which continued to operate until 1990.Boring machine for steam engines

James Watt had tried unsuccessfully for several years to obtain accurately bored cylinders for his steam engines, and was forced to use hammered iron, which was out of round and caused leakage past the piston. In 1774 <mask> invented a boring machine in which the shaft that held the cutting tool extended through the cylinder and was supported on both ends, unlike the cantilevered borers then in use. With this machine he was able to bore the cylinder for Boulton & Watt's first commercial engine, and was given an exclusive contract for the provision of cylinders owing to the lower tolerance between the piston and cylinder and the resulting improvement in efficiency by lowering steam losses through the gap. Until this era, advancements in drilling and boring practice had lain only within the application field of gun barrels for firearms and cannon; <mask>'s achievement was a milestone in the gradual development of boring technology, as its fields of application broadened into engines, pumps, and other industrial uses. While the main market for steam engines had been for pumping water out of mines, he saw much more use for them in the driving of

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Wilkinson
John Wilkinson
Wilkinson


title: John Wilkinson (industrialist)

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 machinery in ironworks such as blowing engines, forge hammers and rolling mills, the first rotary engine being installed at Bradley in 1783. Among his many inventions was a reversing rolling mill with two steam cylinders that made the process much more economical. <mask> took a key interest in obtaining orders for these more efficient steam engines and other uses for cast iron from the owners of Cornish copper mines.As part of this interest he bought shares in eight of the mines to help provide capital. Hydraulic blowing engine
In 1757 <mask> patented a hydraulic powered blowing engine to increase the air blast through the tuyeres for blast furnaces, so improving the rate of production of cast iron. The historian Joseph Needham likened <mask>'s design to the one described in 1313 by the Chinese Imperial Government metallurgist Wang Zhen in his Treatise on Agriculture. Iron Bridge

In 1775 <mask> was the prime mover initiating the building of the Iron Bridge connecting the then-important industrial town of Broseley with the other side of the River Severn. His friend Thomas Farnolls Pritchard had written to him with plans for the bridge. A committee of subscribers was formed, mostly including Broseley businessmen, to agree to the use of iron rather than wood or stone and obtain price quotations and an authorising act of Parliament. <mask>'s persuasion and drive held together the group support through several problems during the parliamentary process.Had <mask> not succeeded in this and also drawn support from influential parliamentarians, the bridge might not have been built or might have been made of other materials. Consequently, the name 'Ironbridge' would not have been coined for the district in Madeley; the area would not have attained the status of a World Heritage Site. Abraham Darby III was chosen as the preferred builder after quoting to build the bridge for

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John Wilkinson
Wilkinson
Wilkinson
John Wilkinson
Wilkinson
Wilkinson


title: John Wilkinson (industrialist)

texts:
 £3,150/-/-. When construction started, <mask> sold his shares to Abraham Darby III in 1777, leaving the latter to steer the project to its successful conclusion in 1779 and be opened in 1781. In 1787 he launched the first barge made of wrought iron, constructed in Broseley. It was a development which would become common over the years ahead and in large ships in the following century. He patented several other inventions.Copper interests

<mask> made his fortune selling good quality goods made of iron and reached his limit of investment expansion. His expertise proved useful when he invested in many copper interests. In 1761 the Royal Navy clad the hull of the frigate  with copper sheet to reduce the growth of marine biofouling and prevent attack by the Teredo shipworm. The drag from the hull growth cut the speed and the shipworm caused severe hull damage, especially in tropical waters. After the success of this work the Navy decreed that all ships should be clad and this created a large demand for copper that <mask> noted during his visits to shipyards. He bought shares in eight Cornish copper mines and met Thomas Williams, the 'Copper King' of the Parys Mountain mines in Anglesey. Besides supplying Williams with large quantities of plate and equipment, <mask> also supplied scrap for the process of recovery of copper from solution by cementation.<mask> bought a 1/16th share in the Mona Mine at Parys Mountain and shares in Williams industries at Holywell, Flintshire, St Helens, near Liverpool and Swansea, South Wales. <mask> and Williams worked together on several projects. They were amongst the first to issue trade tokens ('Willys' and 'Druids') to alleviate the shortage of small coins. Jointly they set up the Cornish Metal Company in 1785 as a marketing company for copper. Its aim was to ensure both a good return for the Cornish miners and a stable price for the users

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title: John Wilkinson (industrialist)

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 of copper. Warehouses were set up in Birmingham, London, Bristol and Liverpool. To help his business interests and to service his trade tokens, <mask> bought into partnerships with banks in Birmingham, Bilston, Bradley, Brymbo and Shrewsbury.Lead mines and works

<mask> bought lead mines at Minera in Wrexham, five miles from Bersham, Llyn Pandy at Soughton (now Sychdyn) and Mold, also in Flintshire. He installed steam pumping engines to make them viable again. His lead was exported through the port of Chester. To use some of the lead produced, <mask> had a lead pipe works at Rotherhithe, London. This factory lasted for many years eventually making the solder filler alloys used in the car factory at Dagenham. Philanthropy

<mask> had a good reputation as an employer. Wherever new works were established, cottages were built to accommodate employees and their families.He gave significant financial support to his brother-in-law, the famous chemist Dr Joseph Priestley. He became a church warden in Broseley and was later elected High Sheriff of Denbighshire. In schools that had no slates he was able to provide iron troughs to hold sand for the practice of writing and arithmetic. He provided a cast-iron pulpit for the church at Bilston. Family life, and death

<mask> married Ann Maudsley in 1759. Her family was wealthy and her dowry helped to pay for a share in the New Willey Company. After the death of Ann, his second marriage, when he was 35, was to Mary Lee, whose money helped him to buy out his partners.When he was in his seventies, his mistress Mary Ann Lewis, a maid at his estate in Brymbo Hall, gave birth to his only children, a boy and two girls. By 1796, when he was 68, he was producing about one-eighth of Britain's cast iron. He became "a titan" – very wealthy, and somewhat eccentric. His "iron madness" reached a peak in the 1790s, when he had almost everything

masks: Wilkinson Wilkinson Wilkinson Wilkinson John


title: John Wilkinson (industrialist)

texts:
 around him made of iron, even several coffins and a massive obelisk to mark his grave, which still stands in the village of Lindale-in-Cartmel, now in Cumbria. He was appointed Sheriff of Denbighshire for 1799. He died on 14 July 1808 at his works in Bradley, probably from diabetes. He was originally buried at his Castlehead estate at Lindale.He left a very large estate in his will (more than £130,000 - equivalent to £ in ), to which he intended to make his three children the principal heirs, with executors to manage the estate for them. However his nephew Thomas Jones contested the will in the Court of Chancery. By 1828, the estate had largely been dissipated by lawsuits and poor management. His corpse, in its distinctive iron coffin, was moved several times over the next decades, but is now lost. References

Bibliography
 Braid, Douglas. Wilkinson Studies Vol II (1992) . Chaloner, W.H."Builders of Industry: <mask>, Ironmaster." History Today (1951) 1#5 pp 63–69. J. R. Harris,  <mask>, <mask> (1728–1808). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2011. Newman, J. and Pevsner, N.  Pevsner Architectural Guides: The Buildings of Shropshire, Yale University Press (2006).  .
 Soldon, Norbert C.  <mask> (1728–1808): English Ironmaster and Inventor. Studies in British History, Edwin Mellen Press, (1998) . External links

 <mask> Heritage
 <mask> — Encyclopædia Britannica
 BBC — History — <mask> (1728–1808)
 Cumbria Directory entry
 <mask> (industrialist) Summary — BookRags
 The Brymbo Heritage Group  brymboheritage.co.uk
 <mask> at Ward's Book of Days
 <mask> achievements and interesting facts

1728 births
1808 deaths
Foundrymen
Ironmasters
English inventors
Machine tool builders
People from Workington
People of the Industrial Revolution
Deaths from diabetes
High Sheriffs of Denbighshire
18th-century British engineers
18th-century

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Wilkinson
John
John Wilkinson
John Wilkinson
John Wilkinson
John Wilkinson
John Wilkinson
John Wilkinson
John Wilkinson


title: Ken Kurson

texts:
<mask> (born 1968) is an American political consultant, writer, journalist, and former musician, who was editor-in-chief of The New York Observer between 2013 and 2017. In 2020 he was charged by federal prosecutors with cyberstalking and harassment, for which he was pardoned by President Donald Trump in 2021. In February 2022, <mask> pleaded guilty to state misdemeanor criminal charges of
attempted eavesdropping and computer trespass related to his divorce. Education and family
<mask> was the son of a traveling salesman of motorcycle parts, and once recounted that "some years were good; others we had to sell our piano and all our furniture." He graduated from Glenbrook North High School in Northbrook, Illinois, in 1986, and is the younger brother of bestselling author <mask>. While he began studies at the University of Chicago, he left college, finding the experience to be "soul-deadening." Career

Early career
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, <mask> played bass for the Chicago punk rock band Green.After leaving Green in 1990, <mask> founded The Lilacs with David Levinsky. A debut EP, The Lilacs Love You, was produced by Material Issue frontman Jim Ellison, who is also credited with naming the band The Lilacs. A follow-up EP, The Lilacs Hate You, was the band's next release. A full-length CD, The Lilacs Rise Above the Filth, was produced by Brad Wood and released in 1992. In 1993, he headed to New York to break into journalism, and landed internships and jobs at Rolling Stone, Harper's and Worth. In 1995, he began an irreverent eight-page publication on financial topics, The Kenny Quarterly, while working as an editor at United Media. It was to friends desiring financial advice.Later that year, he and a friend, John Packel, turned The Kenny Quarterly into Green. It was acquired by Bankrate in 1999. <mask> was a contributing editor at

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Kenneth Kurson
Kurson
Kurson
Robert Kurson
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title: Ken Kurson

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 Esquire from 1997 to 2001, covering investing. <mask> first became interested in finance when he played bass for Green. He took charge of the band's books and contracts. A New York Times profile in 2000 said that <mask> "has made personal finance palatable for people who might otherwise believe that it belongs on the shelf with Geritol and Dentu-Creme." Doubleday published <mask>'s first book, The Green Magazine Guide to Personal Finance in April 1998.He was co-author of a book with journalist David Faber published by Little, Brown in 2002. Political consulting
From 2002 through the end of 2006, <mask> was Deputy Director of Communications for Giuliani Partners, the consulting company founded by Rudy Giuliani, with whom he had co-authored the book, Leadership. <mask> served as chief operating officer (COO) during Rudy Giuliani's unsuccessful 2008 campaign for the Republican presidential nomination. <mask>liani Presidential Committee and put in charge of the Mid-Atlantic Region – New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland. In May 2007, he was promoted to chief operating officer, reporting to Michael DuHaime, and served in this role until Giuliani withdrew from the race on January 30, 2008. After the campaign, <mask> worked at Jamestown Associates, a Republican political consulting firm based in New Jersey. <mask> ran in the 2003 New Jersey General Assembly election for the 34th Legislative District as a Republican.He received 17.6% of the vote and ran a distant third behind Democratic incumbent Peter C. Eagler (with 33.2%) and his running mate Sheila Oliver (31.0%). In 2010 he was the co-author of the personal memoir of biotechnology executive John Crowley entitled Chasing Miracles: The Crowley Family Journey of Strength, Hope and Joy. New York Observer
In January 2013, <mask> was named the editor of The New York Observer by the newspaper's

masks: Kurson Kurson Kurson Kurson Kurson Kursoniu Kurson Kurson Kurson


title: Ken Kurson

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 publisher, Jared Kushner. His tenure as editor marked by questions about his ties to Kushner, Trump's son-in-law, and to the Trump campaign, especially after he acknowledged that he had worked on a Trump speech to the American Israel Public Affairs Committee. After criticism, <mask> said that he would no longer advise the Trump campaign. As editor, <mask> oversaw the publication's decision in 2016 to end its print edition and drop "New York" from its title, in a break with its past under former editor Peter W. Kaplan. Other

In May 2017, <mask> stepped down from the Observer to work as a senior managing director at Teneo Strategies, a firm run by allies of Hillary Clinton and Bill Clinton.He was a board member of the payments company Ripple Labs from February 2017 until October 2020, when federal prosecutors charged him in federal court with interstate cyberstalking and related offenses. Sea of Reeds

In 2018 he founded Sea of Reeds Media, a media company based in Washington, D.C. and is the CEO. Sea of Reeds Media publishes Modern Consensus, California Globe, New Jersey Globe, Rock and Roll Globe, Wine and Whiskey Globe, Book and Film Globe, and Fine Art Globe. In 2021, the California Globe was exposed for falsely publishing that a San Francisco store was closing, pushing false narratives about San Francisco's crime rates, publishing misleading stories about Democratic candidates, and failing to issue retractions. Criminal indictments

2020 Federal harassment indictment
In March 2018, journalist Deborah Copaken wrote an article in The Atlantic in which she claimed that <mask> withdrew a job offer that had been made to her to write for the New York Observer after not responding favorably to sexual advances from him. <mask> said he "categorically denied any claim of inappropriate behavior." In May 2018, <mask> revealed he was under

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title: Ken Kurson

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 consideration for an unpaid position in the Trump Administration.It later became known that he was considered for the board of the National Endowment for the Humanities. In an FBI background check, agents interviewed Copaken in June 2018. She told the agents that she had been contacted by a female Mount Sinai Hospital physician who alleged in 2015 that <mask> had harassed her. The FBI contacted Mount Sinai and interviewed the doctor and other employees about <mask>. When the list of appointees to the endowment was released in July 2018, <mask> was not on the list. He said at the time that he had withdrawn from consideration the previous month due to too much paperwork in the vetting process. In October 2020, federal prosecutors unsealed a criminal complaint charging him with interstate cyberstalking and harassment of the doctor.According to the federal prosecutors, <mask> used aliases to post a flood of negative Yelp reviews about the physician, sent her threatening emails, harassed her with anonymous calls, and delivered messages to other Mount Sinai employees claiming the physician was having an affair with her boss. Mount Sinai Hospital was so concerned about the harassment at the time that it hired someone to protect the doctor for a few days. 2021 Presidential pardon
<mask> was granted a full pardon by President Trump on January 19, 2021, the last full day of the Trump presidency. The White House said in a statement that <mask>'s ex-wife wrote a "powerful letter to the prosecutors" on his behalf, saying that "she never wanted this investigation or arrest," that the investigation only took place because of the vetting process, and that "<mask> is an upstanding citizen and father to five beautiful children." Elizabeth Spiers, <mask>'s predecessor at the Observer, noted in The Daily Beast that the White House statement did not mention the

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title: Ken Kurson

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 other alleged victims, and that the pardon stood out from the other persons pardoned "because of the ongoing threat that some of the people he allegedly stalked and harassed fear that he may pose to them now." Copaken said she was "terrified" by the pardon. 2022 New York Spleasure misdemeanor guilty plea
On August 18, 2021, <mask> was charged in a New York state court with cyberstalking, for offenses alleged to have occurred in 2015 and 2016.Elements of the offenses include the implementation of the spyware program WebWatcher which allowed <mask> to monitor the text of his wife's emails as she typed, and access to her email and Facebook passwords. Cyrus R. Vance Jr., the district attorney from Manhattan, said, "We will not accept presidential pardons as get-out-of-jail-free cards for the well-connected in New York." <mask> is also alleged to have anonymously distributed his wife's Facebook postings. In February 2022, <mask> pleaded guilty to state misdemeanor criminal charges of
attempted eavesdropping and computer trespass related to his divorce. Prosecutors had "accused him of having used a software program called WebWatcher to hack into his former wife’s computer and monitor her online activities." Personal life
A New York Times profile in 2000 described <mask> as not having "an ounce of pretension" and said he was "slightly rumpled, chronically bemused. During a conversation, a mischievous glint leaps out of his eye."<mask> lives in Maplewood, New Jersey, and is married to <mask>. References

External links

 Sea of Reeds Media website

Living people
People from Montclair, New Jersey
People from South Orange, New Jersey
American male journalists
American newspaper editors
American political consultants
American political writers
American speechwriters
Esquire (magazine) people
New Jersey Republicans
1968 births
Recipients of American

masks:
Kurson
Kurson
Kurson
Kurson
Kurson
Kurson
Melody Kurson


title: Charles Strouse

texts:
<mask> (born June 7, 1928) is an American composer and lyricist best known for writing the music to such Broadway musicals as Bye Bye Birdie, Applause, and Annie. Life and career
<mask> was born in New York City, to Jewish parents, Ethel (née Newman) and <mask>, who worked in the tobacco business. A graduate of the Eastman School of Music, he studied under Arthur Berger, David Diamond, Aaron Copland and Nadia Boulanger. <mask>'s first Broadway musical was Bye Bye Birdie, with lyrics by Lee Adams, which opened in 1960. Adams became his long-time collaborator. For this show, <mask> won his first Tony Award in the category of best musical. <mask>'s next show was All American (1962), with a book by Mel Brooks and lyrics by Adams; it was not a success, closing after 80 performances, but it produced the standard “Once Upon a Time” (recorded by Perry Como, Eddie Fisher, Al Martino, Tony Bennett, Frank Sinatra, and Bobby Darin, among others).Following this was Golden Boy (1964, also with Adams), starring Sammy Davis Jr., which ran for 568 performances. The musical It's a Bird, It's a Plane, It's Superman (1966, based on the popular comic strip) closed after 129 performances, but introduced the song "You've Got Possibilities" sung by Linda Lavin. In 1970, Applause (starring Lauren Bacall, with book by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, and lyrics by Adams) won <mask> his second Tony Award, for Best Musical. In 1977, <mask> adapted another comic strip for the stage, creating the hit Annie, which included the song "Tomorrow," which quickly became a "monstrous song hit," and garnered him his third Tony Award and two Grammy Awards. Other Strouse musicals include Charlie and Algernon (1979), Dance a Little

masks:
Charles Strouse
Strouse
Ira Strouse
Strouse
Strouse
Strouse
Strouse
Strouse


title: Charles Strouse

texts: Closer (1983, with lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner, which closed after one performance), Rags (1986; which closed after four performances and 18 previews), Nick & Nora (1993, which closed after 9 performances), and An American Tragedy (1995, with lyrics by David Shaber, performed at Muhlenberg College). <mask> also wrote musical revues, many with Adams, and his songs were included in revues. The revues included Shoestring Revue (with Adams and Michael Stewart) (1955 – Off–Broadway), Medium Rare (with Adams) (1960  - Chicago), <mask> (1978 – Off–Broadway at The Ballroom), Upstairs At O'Neals (1982 – Nightclub Revue), Can't Stop Dancin (1994 – Marymount Theatre), and A Lot Of Living!(1996 –  conceived and directed by Barbara Siman at Rainbow and Stars). <mask> wrote the music and lyrics for the animated special Lyle, Lyle Crocodile which aired on HBO in 1987. His film scores include Bonnie and Clyde (1967), There Was a Crooked Man... (1970, with Henry Fonda and Kirk Douglas), the Norman Lear production of The Night They Raided Minsky's (1968, with Adams) and the popular animated movie All Dogs Go to Heaven (1989). He and Adams also wrote the theme song “Those Were the Days” for the Norman Lear television show All in the Family. <mask>'s songs have been heard on the radio throughout his career and have run the gamut from girl-band pop to hip hop. In 1958, his song “Born Too Late” was number seven on the Billboard charts, and in 1999 the quadruple platinum Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem) by artist Jay-Z (which sampled "It's The Hard Knock Life" from Annie) was the winner of a Grammy for Best Rap Album of the year & the Billboard R&B Album of the Year. <mask>'s writing also extends into orchestral works,

masks:
Strouse
By Strouse
Strouse
Strouse
Strouse


title: Charles Strouse

texts: chamber music, piano concertos and opera.His Concerto America, composed in 2002 to commemorate 9/11 and the spirit of New York City, premiered at The Boston Pops in 2002, and his opera Nightingale (1982), starring Sarah Brightman, had a successful run in London, followed by many subsequent productions. In 1977, <mask> founded the ASCAP Musical Theatre Workshop in New York, through which many young composers and lyricists have found a forum for their work. A musical stage adaptation of the Paddy Chayefsky film Marty starring John C. Reilly premiered at Boston's Huntington Theatre in October 2002, with lyrics by Lee Adams and <mask> and the book by Rupert Holmes. Real Men, for which <mask> wrote the music and lyrics, premiered in January 2005 at the Coconut Grove Playhouse in Miami, Florida, and his musical Studio, premiered at Theatre Building Chicago in August 2006. The musical Minsky's, with music by <mask>, book by Bob Martin, and lyrics by Susan Birkenhead (loosely based on the movie The Night They Raided Minsky's) premiered in January 2009 at the Ahmanson Theater. <mask> won Emmy Awards for music in television adaptions of Bye Bye Birdie and Annie. He is also the recipient of the 1999 ASCAP Foundation Richard Rodgers Award and the Oscar Hammerstein Award.He is a member of the American Theater Hall of Fame (in 2001) and the Songwriters Hall of Fame. <mask> is married to director-choreographer Barbara Siman. They have 4 children: Benjamin, Nicholas, Victoria and William. <mask> received an Emperor Has No Clothes Award at the Freedom From Religion Foundation's 34th annual national convention on October 8, 2011. The award is "reserved for public figures who make known their dissent from

masks: Strouse Strouse Strouse Strouse Strouse Strouse Strouse


title: Tigre Uno

texts:
<mask> (born April 4, 1981) is a Mexican professional wrestler. He is best known for his time with  Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, where he is a one-time X Division Champion. Outside of the United States he is best known for his work in Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA), where he is a former two-time holder of the AAA Cruiserweight and AAA World Tag Team Championships and the 2011 Rey de Reyes tournament winner as Extreme Tiger. Professional wrestling career

Early career
After training under Rey Misterio, Tiger debuted in late 1998 at the age of just 17. Over the years he has wrestled as Tyger Mask, an imitation of the Japanese Tiger Mask character before settling on the name "Extreme Tiger" (sometimes spelled Xtreme Tiger). He first gained notoriety as part of the World Wrestling Association (WWA) in Tijuana, Baja California, which became his "home territory". He also began working for Desastre Total Ultraviolento (DTU) and Nueva Generation Xtrema (NGX), adopting a more hardcore style of wrestling that involved the use of weapons, tables, chair and ladders in the matches.Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (2006–2012)
Through DTU's connection to Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA) Extreme Tiger began working for the promotion in 2006, working as a rudo (bad guy) who was used in random lower to mid-card matches. After wrestling as a mid-card wrestler throughout the year, he became a técnico (good guy) in 2007. shortly after turning técnico, Tiger won the annual Alas de Oro tournament. Later in the year, he reverted to a rudo as he began teaming with Halloween and Juventud Guerrera as La Familia de Tijuana. On April 27, 2008 Extreme Tiger and Halloween  defeated The Mexican Powers (Crazy Boy and Joe Líder) to win the AAA World Tag Team Championship, his first title in AAA. The team held the title for nearly five


title: Tigre Uno

texts:
 Championship to Jack Evans in a four-way elimination match, which also included Nosawa and the man who eliminated him from the match, Christopher Daniels. Tiger's elimination was a direct result of someone coming to the ring wearing an Extreme Tiger mask, then revealing himself to be Rélampago. On March 18, 2011, Extreme Tiger defeated Carlito Caribbean Cool, El Mesías and L.A. Park to become the 2011 Rey de Reyes and earn a guaranteed shot at the AAA Mega Championship. Just three days later Extreme Tiger and Jack Evans defeated Los Maniacos (Silver King and Último Gladiador) to win the AAA World Tag Team Championship.Tiger and Evans made their first successful defense of the title on June 18 at Triplemanía XIX, defeating the TNA team of Abyss and Mr. Anderson in a steel cage match. On October 9 at Héroes Inmortales, Tiger and Evans lost the title to Abyss and Chessman in a Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match. On August 5, 2012, at Triplemanía XX, Tiger reunited with Halloween for one night to take part in a Parejas Suicidas steel cage match, featuring three other former tag teams. However, both Tiger and Halloween managed to escape the cage and avoid having to face each other in a Mask vs. Hair match. The following November, Tiger parted ways with AAA. Total Nonstop Action Wrestling

Various feuds (2013–2015)
On December 4, 2013, Tiger, working under the ring name Ultimate Tiger, made his debut for American promotion TNA, losing to Zema Ion in a match taped for TNA Xplosion.On February 25, 2014, it was confirmed that Tiger had signed with TNA and would be debuting under the ring name Tigre <mask> at Lockdown on March 9. In his debut, <mask> <mask> defeated Manik in a steel cage match. Four days later, Tigre made his Impact Wrestling debut, teaming with Sanada to defeat TNA World Tag Team Champions,

masks: Uno Tigre Uno


title: Tigre Uno

texts: The BroMans (Jessie Godderz and Robbie E), in a non-title match. As a result, the two received a shot at the TNA World Tag Team Championship the following week, but were defeated in a three-way match, which also included The Wolves (Davey Richards and Eddie Edwards). Tigre <mask> and Sanada were then put against each other in a "best of three" match series for Sanada's TNA X Division Championship. <mask> lost the series 1–2, losing the final match on April 27 at Sacrifice. From August 23 to 31, Tigre <mask> worked a tour with the Japanese Wrestle-1 promotion as a late replacement for an injured Davey Richards.The tour was part of a working relationship between TNA and Wrestle-1. on May 15 edition of Impact, Tigre <mask> faced X Division champion Seiya Sanada and DJ Zema in a triple threat match but failed to win the title, on the May 29 edition of Impact, Tigre faced Bram in a losing effort. At , Tigre <mask> competed in a Ladder match for the TNA X Division Championship which was won by Sanada. On the July 10 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> competed in a 20-man #1 contender Battle Royal which was won by Jeff Hardy. On the July 17 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> competed in a Gauntlet match for the TNA X Division Championship which was won by Austin Aries. On July 31 at Destination X, Tigre <mask> competed in a triple threat X Division championship qualifying match which was won by Samoa Joe. At TNA One Night Only X Travaganza, Tigre <mask> defeated Petey Williams.On the August 14 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> competed in a #1 contender X Division Elimination Scramble match which was won by Low Ki. On the August 27 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask>, Low Ki and Crazzy Steve defeated Homicide, DJ Zema, and Manik in a 6-man tag team match. On the September 3 edition of Impact Wrestling,

masks: Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno


title: Tigre Uno

texts:
 <mask> competed in a #1 contender X Division Elimination Scramble match which was won by Homicide. On the October 8 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> and Low Ki faced James Storm and the Great Sanada in a losing effort. On the November 19 edition of Impact Wrestling, Uno competed in a four-corners match for the vacant X Division championship which was won by Low Ki. On January 23, 2015 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> faced Khoya in a losing effort. On the April 17 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> and Jay Rios faced Ethan Carter III and Bram in a losing effort.X Division Champion (2015–2016)
On the May 1 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> competed in a ladder match for the TNA X Division championship which was won by Kenny King. on the May 22 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> competed in a six-way X Division elimination match which was won by Rockstar Spud. On June 24, 2015, Tigre <mask> captured his first TNA X Division Championship defeating Low Ki and Grado in a three-way elimination match. On June 28, 2015, at Slammiversary XIII, Tigre <mask> defeated Manik and DJ Z in a three-way elimination match to retain the TNA X Division Championship. At Bound for Glory, he defeated Manik, DJ Z and Andrew Everett in an Ultimate X match to retain the TNA X Division Championship. During October and November (taped in July 2015), <mask> participated in the first ever TNA World Title Series tournamement. as the team of Group X Division.he would be more successful in wins of his career over the returning Mandrews, Manik and only exception of DJ Z. earning him nine successful points including no losses. and also ends of his block, tied up with DJ Z, thus advancing to the finals where he defeated TNA Knockouts Champion Gail Kim to advance the round of eight where he was defeated by Eric Young thus

masks: Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno Uno


title: Tigre Uno

texts:
 failing to advance the semifinals and being eliminated from the tournament. On the February 2 edition of Impact Wrestling, <mask> lost the X Division Championship to Trevor Lee with help from their new manager Gregory Shane Helms. He had two chances to regain the title, on the February 9 episode of Impact Wrestling and at Lockdown, but failed to win back the championship on both occasions. On December 12, 2016, <mask> announced his departure from TNA. Independent circuit (2016–present)
In April 2016, Tigre <mask> participated in a tour of the United Kingdom for Southside Wrestling Entertainment (SWE). Championships and accomplishments

Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide
AAA Cruiserweight Championship (2 times)
AAA World Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Halloween (1) and Jack Evans (1)
Alas de Oro (2007)
Copa Abismo Negro (2009)
Copa Gladiator (2010)
Rey de Reyes (2011)
Nuevo Generation Extrema
NGX Extreme Championship (2 times)
NGX King of Deathmatch (2003)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Ranked #126 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2016
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
TNA X Division Championship (1 time)
TNA X Division Championship Tournament (2015)
Global Impact Tournament (2015) – with Team International
Vendetta Pro Wrestling
Vendetty Award: 2014 Match of the Year with Little Cholo & Bestia 666
Other titles
Baja California Lightweight Championship (1 time)

Luchas de Apuestas record

Personal life
Tigre Uno is both married and has children but because he's always wrestled under the mask.His real name has not given, that part of his life nothing else. He currently lives in Tijuana on the state of Baja California. References

1981 births
Living people
Mexican male professional wrestlers
Masked wrestlers
Expatriate professional wrestlers
People from Tijuana
Professional wrestlers from

masks: Uno Uno Uno


title: Jope Seniloli

texts:
Ratu <mask> (14 June 1939 – 28 June 2015) was a Fijian chief who held the title of Turaga Taukei Naua and who served as Fiji's vice-president from 25 March 2001 to 29 November 2004, when he was forced to resign following his conviction for treason on 6 August 2004, and the rejection of his appeal early in November. Appointment and subsequent trial
<mask> was appointed vice-president in 2000 as an apparent gesture of appeasement towards the supporters of the 2000 coup which deposed the lawfully elected government of President Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara and Prime Minister Mahendra Chaudhry. The 6 August 2004 verdict found <mask> guilty of unlawfully proclaiming himself President during the coup, and of illegally swearing in cabinet ministers, including George Speight, the chief instigator of the coup, as Prime Minister. <mask>'s lawyer, Mehboob Raza, maintained that he had done so only "under duress," at gunpoint, a defence rejected by High Court Justice Nazhat Shameem, who agreed with the state prosecutor that Seniloli had known of the coup plot in advance and had deliberately aided and abetted it. Shameem said that she had originally intended to sentence Seniloli to six years' imprisonment, but had opted for a four-year sentence instead, taking account of his many years of service to Fiji, including thirty-three years as a schoolteacher. Along with <mask>, the Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives, Ratu Rakuita Vakalalabure, and three other defendants, were sentenced to terms of between one and six years for the same offence. In a controversial move, Attorney-General Qoriniasi Bale announced on 29 November 2004 that he had decided to release Seniloli from prison on medical grounds, a decision which angered the Labour Party."The FLP is outraged by the jailed VP's early release from prison," declared Senator Jokapeci Koroi, the national president of the Labour Party. "This is nothing but a conspiracy by the Government to save those who are in

masks:
Jope Naucabalavu Seniloli
Seniloli
Seniloli
Seniloli
Seniloli


title: Jope Seniloli

texts:
 positions of power." Koroi called the release of Seniloli, who had served less than four months of his four-year term, an "act of defiance to subvert the course of justice and the rule of law." Reverend Akuila Yabaki of the Citizens Constitutional Forum also criticized the release. Reaction to release
The military forces were also displeased, and took what was widely seen as an extraordinary step by issuing a public statement. Captain Neumi Leweni of the Royal Fiji Military Forces media cell called the early release "an insult to our sense of justice and the rule of law" and a "riot." "We are falling fast into the abyss and if nothing is done about this quickly, we will continue falling, never to recover," Leweni said.He and other senior military said they believed the release of Ratu <mask> was a political ploy to gain the support of "the same type of people who gathered in droves at the parliamentary complex in 2000" – a reference to the supporters of the coup. The officers predicted that if the Attorney General was not reined in quickly, there could be "a return to the mayhem of 2000." Leweni's judgement that Ratu <mask>'s release threatened national security was subsequently backed up by Commodore Frank Bainimarama, the Commander of the Armed Forces. Joji Kotobalavu, a spokesman for Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase, rejected the criticism and said that the military had acted improperly by issuing a political statement. The senior officers should have notified the Home Affairs Ministry of their feelings privately, he said, adding that by publicly airing their opinions, the military was creating a climate of "uncertainty," leading people to wonder whether the government or the military was running the country. Ratu <mask>'s early release was coupled with his resignation from office. Although not stated, this was believed to be a condition of his release.A government spokesman said that Ratu Seniloli would receive a pension equivalent to 30 percent

masks: Jope Seniloli Seniloli


title: Jope Seniloli

texts:
 of his vice-presidential salary. By law, prisoners are not eligible for release until half their sentence has been served, but a special case was made for Seniloli due to the poor state of his health. He was released into "compulsory supervision," under which he is required to report daily to the police, and is not allowed to change his address or travel outside of Fiji without permission. Vice-President's constitutional role
The Fijian Constitution assigns a purely ceremonial role to vice-president, with one important exception: he assumes the powers and duties of the presidency in the event of the President being unable to carry out his duties. With the 84-year-old president, Ratu Josefa Iloilo suffering from Parkinson's disease and requiring frequent visits to Australia for medical treatment, the resignation of the vice-president left Fiji with no one to take Iloilo's place should he become incapacitated, and the appointment of a successor was considered a priority. On 15 December 2004, the Great Council of Chiefs approved President Iloilo's choice of Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi as the new vice-president. Comeback in 2006?See main article: 2006 Fiji presidential election

On 16 February 2006, the Fiji Village news service claimed that some Tailevu chiefs were quietly campaigning for the Great Council of Chiefs to reinstate Seniloli as vice-president. The Council was due to meet as an electoral college on 8 March to choose the president and vice-president, whose terms were due to expire. Without naming Seniloli, the Military expressed its opposition to any coup-convict being appointed president or vice-president. <mask> himself, however, revealed to Fiji Village on 22 February that as he was still technically serving his prison sentence extramurally, he was not eligible for reinstatement. He died on 28 June 2015 at the age of 76. References

1939 births
Fijian chiefs
Vice-presidents of Fiji
Tui Kaba
2015 deaths
Politicians from Bau (island)
Fijian


title: Anthony Hammond

texts:
<mask> (1668–1738), of Somersham Place, Huntingdonshire and Lidlington, Bedfordshire, was an English official and Tory politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons between 1695 and 1708. He was also known  as a poet and pamphleteer. Early life
<mask> was born on 1 September 1668,  the eldest son of <mask>  of Somersham Place, Huntingdonshire, who was the third son of <mask> (1608–1661) of St Alban's Court, Kent. His mother was  Amy Browne (died 1693)  daughter of Henry Browne of Hasfield House,   Gloucestershire. He was educated at  home under Mr Kay from 1675 to 1676, at Willingham, Cambridgeshire under Samuel Saywell from 1676 to 1683 and at St Paul's School from 1684 to 1685. He succeeded his father who died in 1680. He was admitted at Gray's Inn in 1684 and at St John's College, Cambridge in 1685.It was said that he smuggled the actress and playwright Susanna Centlivre into his college, where she was disguised as a male cousin, Jack. There she remained hidden for some months studying grammar. He made many and varied friendships with political and literary figures. He  entered the company of radical Whig theorists, including  Walter Moyle. Through Moyle he probably came into the circle of Tory and Whig ideologues and virtuosi who gathered at the Grecian tavern in the Strand. When he came of age in 1689, <mask> was appointed to the Huntingdonshire lieutenancy and made a colonel  in the county militia. He was probably included on the commission of the peace, and

masks:
Anthony Hammond
Hammond
Anthony Hammond
Anthony Hammond
Hammond


title: Anthony Hammond

texts:
 took office in the corporation of the Bedford level.In 1690, he travelled abroad in the Low Countries. From February to September 1694, he was captain of foot in Thomas Farrington's  regiment. He married, Jane Clarges, daughter of Sir Walter Clarges, 1st Baronet at Tunbridge Wells, Kent, on  14 August 1694. This was a highly political family, who were leading members  of the Tory party. Parliamentary career
At the 1695 English general election, <mask> was returned as Tory  Member of Parliament for Huntingdonshire  in a hard-fought contest. He voted in March 1696 against fixing the price of guineas at 22 shillings, and refused to subscribe the Association which lost him his position on the commission of peace. He was active in opposing the attainder of Sir John Fenwick.After a quarrel that arose during a debate in the committee of privileges over the Cambridgeshire election, he fought a duel with Lord William Pawlet on 27 January 1698, and was wounded in the thigh. In parliament he spoke principally on financial questions. At the 1698 English general election, <mask> was returned as MP for the University of Cambridge, and was made M.A. as a member of St John's College. Shortly afterwards he published anonymously Considerations upon the choice of a Speaker of the House of Commons in the approaching Session, in which he tacitly recommended Robert Harley for the office of Speaker against Sir Edward Seymour and Sir Thomas Littleton. Littleton was elected Speaker on  6 December 1698. This

masks: Hammond Hammond


title: Anthony Hammond

texts:
 tract has been often reprinted.<mask> was returned again as MP for Cambridge University at the first general election of 1701, but at the second general election of 1701, he was defeated by Isaac Newton,  although Edward Villiers, 1st Earl of Jersey, Lord Chamberlain, wrote to the university in his favour. He found consolation in penning some Considerations upon Corrupt Elections of Members to serve in Parliament in 1701. On 17 June of this year he had been appointed a commissioner for stating the public accounts. Under Godolphin's administration he was made a commissioner of the Navy in May 1702, and again entered parliament as member for  Huntingdon at the
1702 English general election. At the 1708 British general election, he was returned for New Shoreham, Sussex, but on the ensuing 7 December the house decided by a majority of eighteen that as commissioner of the navy and employed in the out ports he was incapable of being elected or voting as a member of the house, and a new writ was ordered the next day. Civil servant

In 1711 <mask> left England to take up his appointment as deputy-paymaster or treasurer of the British forces in Spain. The Duke of Argyll, commander-in-chief, complained of him for irregularity.Paymaster Hon. James Brydges, however, upheld <mask> in a report to Lord-treasurer Dartmouth, dated 11 November 1712, justifying the payments made by him to Portuguese troops. His affairs became hopelessly involved, and he judged it best to retire to the Fleet Prison,

masks: Hammond Hammond Hammond


title: Anthony Hammond

texts:
 and saved the remains of his estate for his eldest son. He occupied himself with literary pursuits. Death, issue and character

<mask> died in the Fleet in 1738, but his estate was not administered until 8 April 1749. His wife died in 1749. They had two surviving sons: Thomas, who died childless about 1758; <mask> (1710–1742), and three surviving daughters including Amy, who married first, in 1719, William Dowdeswell of Pull Court, Worcestershire; and secondly, on 7 May 1730, Noel Broxholme, M.D.<mask> sold Somersham Place to the Duke of Manchester. Thomas Cooke, who formed <mask>'s acquaintanceship in 1722, called him a flatterer of literary men. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society 30 November 1698 but had withdrawn by 1718. According to Thomas Hearne, <mask> attempted to assassinate the Old Pretender in 1715. Works
In 1720, <mask> edited A New Miscellany of Original Poems, Translations, and Imitations, by the Most Eminent Hands, viz. Mr. Prior, Mr. Pope, Mr. Hughes, Mr. Harcourt, Lady M[ary] W[ortley] M[ontagu], Mrs. Manley, &c., now first published from their respective manuscripts.With some Familiar Letters, by the late Earl of Rochester, never before printed (preface signed ‘A. H.’), London, 1720. He claimed some pieces of his own which had been ascribed to others, as the Ode on Solitude to Roscommon. In 1721 he permitted the publication of his Solitudinis Munus: or, Hints for Thinking (anon. ), London, 1721. He also wrote a reasoned retrospect of the South Sea Bubble

masks:
Hammond
James Hammond
Thomas Hammond
Hammond
Hammond
Hammond


title: Anthony Hammond

texts:
 year, entitled A Modest Apology, occasion'd by the late unhappy turn of affairs with relation to Publick Credit. By a Gentleman 8vo, London, 1721.He says that he had made a list of 107 bubbles with a nominal stock of £93,600,000, involving a loss of £14,040,000. <mask> prefixed to Walter Moyle's Works a memoir (signed ‘A. H.’). They had been intimate friends from 1690. <mask> contributed a ‘character’ of Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford to The Present State of the Republick of Letters for October 1730, from which Robert Samber drew his information for a verse eulogy on Orford in 1731, and wrote also another financial pamphlet entitled The National Debt as it stood at Michaelmas 1730, stated and explained (anon. ), London, 1731. His Collections and Extracts relating to the Affairs of the Nation, with an Autobiographical Diary, extending from 1660 to 1730, is preserved in the Bodleian Library.References

1668 births
1738 deaths
Members of the pre-1707 Parliament of England for the University of Cambridge
Fellows of the Royal Society
People educated at St Paul's School, London
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Members of Gray's Inn
17th-century English poets
17th-century male writers
18th-century English poets
English pamphleteers
English MPs 1695–1698
English MPs 1698–1700
English MPs 1701
English MPs 1702–1705
English duellists
Civil servants in the Audit Office (United Kingdom)
English male poets
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for constituencies in


title: Avi Nesher

texts:
<mask> (Hebrew: אבי נשר; born 13 December 1952) is an Israeli film producer, film director, screenwriter and actor. Biography
<mask> was born and raised in Ramat Gan, Israel. The child of a Romanian-born diplomat, and a mother who came from Russia. In 1965, he moved with his family to the United States. He graduated from high school at sixteen and studied international relations at Columbia University. In 1971 he returned to Israel. Nesher enlisted into the IDF elite special forces unit Sayeret Matkal, but after a year was reassigned as an intelligence analyst.Film career
In 1978, Nesher directed and produced his first film, HaLahaka (Hebrew: "הלהקה", lit. The Band), which depicted an army entertainment troupe similar to the Nahal troupe (להקת הנח"ל). The film stars many of the leading actors and singers of that era, including Gidi Gov, Gali Atari, Sassi Keshet and Heli Goldenberg, most of whom served in military entertainment troupes themselves. The film was a commercial success in Israel (600,000 viewers) and gained cult film status. The movie production, accompanied by the composer Yair Rosenblum, who was musical director of the Nahal Military Group and composed the songs the band also appear in the film. In 1979, <mask> directed his second film, Dizengoff 99, about three young friends (Anat Atzmon, Gidi Gov and Meir Suissa) living together in a flat on Dizengoff Street, the center of nightlife in Tel Aviv. The film is based on the experiences of Nesher himself, when he lived with two friends in Tel Aviv.The soundtrack of the film included songs performed by Zvika Pick, Riki Gal, Gali Atari and various Israeli bands. It was also a hit (400,000 viewers) and achieved cult film status in Israel. In 1980 Nesher directed HaPakhdanim (Hebrew: "הפחדנים", lit. The Cowards), a moderate commercial success (120,000 viewers). <mask> then moved to Hollywood to further his film

masks:
Avi Nesher
Avi Nesher
Nesher
Nesher


title: Avi Nesher

texts: Academy awards and won three. In 2005, Nesher directed the experimental political documentary Oriental about the Camp David Accords and won the "Spirit of Freedom" award at the Jerusalem Film Festival. It was described as "brilliant and original" by The Jerusalem Post, which called Nesher  "Israel's most innovative filmmaker."In 2007, <mask>'s Hasodot premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival. Reviewers wrote that it was "witty and wise, sensual and emotionally overpowering." "The Secrets" was shown at more than 50 international film festivals. American film critic Andrew Sarris called it "one of the best movies of the year". In 2010 <mask> wrote, directed and produced The Matchmaker. Inspired by Amir Gutfreund's novel When Heroes Fly, the film is set in Haifa in 1968. It tells the story of an Israeli teenager who gets a summer job working for a Holocaust survivor who runs a matchmaking service.The Matchmaker premiered at the 2010 Toronto Film Festival and later that year won the Silver Plaque award at the Chicago International Film Festival. When it opened in U.S. theaters  Los Angeles Times film critic, Kenneth Turan hailed it as "beautiful and honest." In 2013, <mask>'s film The Wonders  was praised by film critic Yair Raveh (Cinemascope) who called it the best Israeli movie of the year. It premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival and was selected as one of five exceptional films featured in the Contemporary World Speakers program. Variety film critic Alissa Simon hailed it a "smart, stylish, and sophisticated dramedy." In 2016, <mask> wrote, directed and produced the post-war family drama "Past Life", which is set in Israel's revolutionary year of 1977 and is based on true events (inspired by Dr. Baruch Milch's autobiography "Can Heaven Be Void?"). "Past Life" was an official selection at Toronto International Film Festival 16' ("Profoundly

masks: Nesher Nesher Nesher Nesher


title: Avi Nesher

texts:
 moving, suspenseful, gripping character-driven drama with hauntingly beautiful music" - Variety), and also the closing night at the Haifa International Film Festival ("An explosion of sheer emotional and cinematic virtuosity" – Cinemascope).In its long theatrical run in Israel, "Past Life" was a resounding success, receiving excellent reviews and close to 200,000 spectators. It was nominated for 5 Ophir Awards (the Israeli Oscars) including Best Actress and Original Score. Internationally the film was bought and distributed by the Samuel Goldwyn Company and by MGM/Orion. In 2018 <mask> released The Other Story. The film premiered at the 2018 Toronto Film Festival "The Other Story", which is based on a true story and was written by <mask> and his co-writer and known psychologist Noam Shpancer, was the most viewed Israeli film of 2018 and granted <mask> the Best Director Award from The Israeli Film Critic Association. In 2018 <mask> <mask> won a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Israeli Ministry of Culture and Sports. In 2021, his film "Image of Victory" was nominated for 15 Israel Academy Awards and won in the best cinematography, best costume design, and best makeup categories.<mask> himself was awarded the Academy of Israeli Motion Pictures Excellence Award. On December 17, 2021, Israel's National theater awarded <mask> its prestigious "Cultural Icon" Award. Awards and recognition
In 2008, <mask> received the Extraordinary Achievement Award at the Jerusalem Film Festival. In 2009 he won the Cinematic Excellence Award at the Haifa Film Festival and was accorded a star on "The Avenue of the Stars" - an honor rarely bestowed on directors. In 2010 <mask> received the Landau Award for Excellence in the Arts. In 2017, <mask> received the Outstanding Achievement Award from the Israeli National Association of Theatres Owners, their highest award for cinematic box-office

masks: Nesher Nesher Nesher Avi Nesher Avi Nesher Nesher Nesher Nesher


title: Satyananda Saraswati

texts:
<mask> (25 December 1923 – 5 December 2009), was a Sanyasi, yoga teacher and guru in both his native India and the West. He was a student of <mask>, the founder of the Divine Life Society, and founded the Bihar School of Yoga in 1964. He wrote over 80 books, including his popular 1969 manual Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born 1923 at Almora, Uttaranchal, into a family of farmers and kshatriyas. As a youth he was classically educated and studied Sanskrit, the Vedas and the Upanishads. He says that he began to have spiritual experiences at the age of six, when his awareness spontaneously left the body and he saw himself lying motionless on the floor. Many saints and sadhus blessed him and reassured his parents that he had a very developed awareness.This experience of disembodied awareness continued, which led him to many saints of that time such as Anandamayi Ma. He also met a tantric bhairavi, Sukhman Giri, who gave him shaktipat and directed him to find a guru to stabilise his spiritual experiences. However, in one of his early publications, Yoga from Shore to Shore, he says he would become unconscious during meditation and that "One day I met a mahatma, a great saint, who was passing by my birthplace...So he told me I should find a guru." At age eighteen, he left his home to seek a spiritual master. In 1943 at the age of twenty, he met his guru Sivananda <mask> and went to live at Sivananda's ashram in Rishikesh. Sivananda initiated him into the Dashnam Order of Sannyasa on 12 September 1947 on the banks of the Ganges and gave him the name of <mask> <mask>. He stayed with Sivananda for a further nine years but received little formal instruction from him.Bihar School of Yoga
In 1956, Sivananda sent <mask> away to spread his teachings. Basing himself in Munger, Bihar, he wandered as a mendicant travelling through India, Afghanistan, Nepal, Burma and Ceylon for the next seven years (although on several occasions he said he

masks:
Satyananda Saraswati
Sivananda Saraswati
Satyananda Saraswati
Saraswati
Swami Satyananda
Saraswati
Satyananda


title: Satyananda Saraswati

texts:
 travelled only through India), extending his knowledge of spiritual practices and spending some time in seclusion. In 1962 <mask> established the International Yoga Fellowship Movement (IYFM) in Rajnandgaon. IYFM inspired the  establishment of ashrams and yoga centers spiritually guided by <mask> in India and all over the world. In 1964, he founded the Bihar School of Yoga (BSY) at Munger, with the intention that it would act as a centre of training for future teachers of yoga as well as offer courses on yoga. Among those who attended courses at BSY were students from abroad and students who subsequently emigrated from India. Some of these people in turn invited <mask> to teach in their own countries.He lectured and taught for the next twenty years, including a tour of Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Singapore, North America between April and October 1968. The foreign and expatriate students also established new centres of teaching in their respective countries. Rikhiapeeth
In 1988 <mask> handed over the active work of his ashram and organisation to his spiritual successor, Niranjanananda <mask>, and left Munger. From September 1989 he was in Rikhia, Deoghar, Jharkhand. There he lived as a paramahamsa sannyasin and performed vedic sadhanas including panchagni, an intensive sadhana for peace, abundance and well-being for all, performed before five blazing fires outdoors from Makar Sankranti (mid- January) to Karka Sankranti (mid-July). It was during the Panchagni sadhana that he received the (divine) mandate "Take care of your neighbours as I have taken care of you"

There he conducted a 12-year Rajasooya Yajna which began in 1995 with the first Sat Chandi Maha Yajna, invoking the Cosmic Mother through a tantric ceremony. During this event, <mask> passed on his spiritual and sannyasa sankalpa to Niranjanananda.During his stay in Rikhia, he undertook the task of constructing homes for the homeless and established Rikhiapeeth ashram. Its activities

masks:
Satyananda
Swami Satyananda
Satyananda
Satyananda
Saraswati
Satyananda


title: Satyananda Saraswati

texts:
 are based on the three cardinal teachings of Sri Swami Sivananda - serve, love and give through the activities of Sivananda Math, which provides free medical care and basic amenities to the people of Rikhia and the neighboring villages and supplies methods for the villagers to develop their own means of livelihood, thus enabling the development of a self-sustained society. In 2009, he entered into Mahasamadhi on the midnight of 5 December. Teachings
Swami <mask>'s teachings are based on the yoga teachings of Swami Sivananda. They emphasize an integral approach known as the Satyananda System of Yoga. They present yoga as a lifestyle to enhance the quality of life, including one's daily activities, interactions, thoughts and emotions, rather than reducing it to a practice or philosophy. This integral system combines six main branches of yoga.Hatha, Raja and Kriya Yoga are referred to as the external yogas, as they focus on improving the quality of body and mind, the expression of the senses and behavior. They aim at reconditioning and fine tuning the various aspects of the aspirant's personality. Karma, Bhakti and Jnana Yoga are referred to as the internal yogas, as they are concerned with cultivating a positive attitude towards life's situations and the expression of creativity. Here ideas and perceptions can be transformed, based on the aspirant's experience, understanding and sadhana (sustained practice), allowing a harmonious expression of one's inner qualities. In this way the Satyananda system of yoga addresses the qualities of head, heart and hands – intellect, emotion and action – and attempts to integrate the physical, psychological and spiritual dimensions of yoga into each practice. Hatha Yoga

In the contemporary development of yoga as exercise, Hatha Yoga has in new forms become the most popular branch of yoga. However the original aim as envisaged by the ancient yogis is often neglected and Hatha Yoga is generally reduced to the performance of


title: Satyananda Saraswati

texts: body postures, to attain physical fitness.In the Satyananda system of yoga, the original aim of Hatha Yoga is maintained, that is, the balance between the two major forces of life, prana shakti or vital force and chitta shakti or mental force. This in <mask>'s view is the meaning of the word "Hatha", the combination of the mantra Ham, standing for pranic energy and the mantra Tham, standing for mental energy. It is stated in the classical Hatha yoga texts, that when balance is attained, a third force - shushumna nadi, awakens in the center of the spinal cord expressing itself through an inner state of harmony, peace, understanding and wisdom. Eventually ajna chakra, an energy center in the mid-brain awakens, leading to the experience of pure transcendental awareness. Among the many classical texts on Hatha Yoga are the Hatha Yoga Pradipika of Yogi Swatmarama, with a strong emphasis on attaining complete physical health and balance, presenting teachings suitable for householders, and the Gheranda Samhita of Sage Gheranda which focuses more on the mental, psychological and spiritual aspects, and provides an approach for Sadhakas, Yogis and Sannyasins. Based on these classical texts and his personal experience, <mask> presented Hatha Yoga in his work Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha, which has been translated into numerous languages and is widely used. Using modern language and easily understandable terminology in APMB, he outlines the original aspiration of Hatha Yoga by integrating all practice aspects - asana, pranayama, mudra, bandha and shatkarmas in the classical progression, with detailed information on how to implement each practice and its benefits.In his practical approach he explains the purification practices, the shatkarmas (the six actions) in an easy to understand manner, so that general yoga practitioners are also able to use techniques such as Neti (nasal wash), Kunjal Kriya (stomach wash) and Shankaprakshalana (intestinal wash), to attain

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Swami Satyananda


title: Satyananda Saraswati

texts:
 physical purification and sound health as a solid foundation for further progress in Sadhana. From the body of subtle exercises known as Sukshma Vyayama, <mask> extracted the most essential ones and structured them in the Pawanmuktasana Series 1–3. These practices are usually simple and gentle, but are most effective in removing the energy blocks from the body and preventing new ones from forming. The Pawanmuktasana Series is one of the most important practices of Hatha yoga and one of the special contributions of the teachings of Swami Satyananda, as they aim at preparing the practitioner for the classical postures. <mask> further structured the classical asanas into standing, backward and forward bending, twisting and inverted techniques and assigned them to categories of beginners, intermediate and advanced techniques. For each technique he introduced not only the physical perspective, but also the pranic and mental components and the related chakra and mantra awareness. Asanas were not random practices anymore but could be used in a systematic and progressive sequence.<mask> was one of the first yoga exponents to publicly teach the science of Pranayama. The precision of his presentation of the various classical techniques and their progressive stages from beginners to advanced level is unparalleled. He structures the techniques into the groups of heating, tranquilizing and balancing practices and therefore gave practitioners the understanding of the system underlining this complex science. Similarly, it was him who presented the practice of Mudra and Bandha (gestures and internal locks) as a means to attain mental and pranic stillness and redirect energy/prana  internally to prepare for the meditative states of Pratyahara, Dharana and Dhyana. Raja Yoga

After body, prana and mind have been prepared with Hatha Yoga and a state of lightness and health has been attained, Raja Yoga aims at focusing the dissipated mental energies and managing the inner

masks:
Swami Satyananda
Swami Satyananda
Swami Satyananda


title: Satyananda Saraswati

texts: modifications of the mind. As in Hatha Yoga, there are two paths, in Raja Yoga, the Samkhyian system for householders and the Vedic system for sadhakas and sannyasins. Today the most well known Raja Yoga text is the Yoga Sutras of Sage Patanjali, which is based on the Samkhyian school of thought.Its teaching revolves around the development of the drashta, the observer/witness quality, through a sequential process known as ashtanga yoga – the eightfold path. By progressively expanding and refining awareness, the eight stages of Raja Yoga aim at attaining clarity of thinking and behavior, unfolding the dormant potential of the mind to eventually awaken higher intelligence, wisdom and true understanding. The eight stages are: 1. Yama (self restraints to regulate outer/social life) and 2. Niyama (disciplines to harmonize inner/personal life), 3. Asana (steady posture), 4. Pranayama (breath control), 5.Pratyahara (techniques to direct the mind and senses inwards), 6. Dharana (techniques to concentrate the mind), 7. Dhyana (meditative state of mind), 8. Samadhi (experience of unbroken peace and luminosity). The Satyananda system of yoga recognizes mind management as the main aim of Raja Yoga, hence the emphasis lies on stage 5 – Pratyahara. Although many Pratyahara techniques start at a basic level of awareness, when practiced systematically, the progressive stages enable the aspirant to experience deep states of mind and sense withdrawal, preparing for techniques of concentration (Dharana) and eventually states of meditation (Dhyana). In the Satyananda system of yoga the following Pratyahara techniques are introduced to general yoga practitioners.Swami <mask> <mask>, devised the techniques, based on the ancient scriptures, and introduced them systematically in his books "Meditations from the Tantras", "Sure Ways to Self-Realization" and several other books. Kaya Sthairyam uses the physical body as a point of concentration. It aims at developing absolute

masks: Satyananda Saraswati


title: Satyananda Saraswati

texts:
 stillness of the physical body as well as the senses, the cerebral input and output, the perceptions and associations and the pranas, leading to mental concentration. Ajapa Japa incorporates awareness of breath, internal psychic passages and Mantra. It is a complete Sadhana in which the Mantra So Ham, which corresponds to the subtle sound of the breath, is applied. Antar Mouna works with the activities of the waking consciousness. The practitioner learns to witness his thoughts and feelings in a neutral way and realizes how he can progressively reduce the congestion of the mind and bring about calmness and develop concentration.Satyananda Yoga nidra is both a systematic deep relaxation technique and a tantric meditation. It provides a systematic method to induce complete physical, mental and emotional relaxation. Satyananda Yoga Nidra is practiced lying on the back in Shavasana (corps pose) and one appears to be asleep. However, the consciousness functions at a deeper level of awareness allowing mental blockages to be removed so that the inner potential of the practitioner can unfold. Kriya Yoga
One of the hallmarks of the system of yoga developed by Swami <mask>, is a series of 20 Kundalini Kriya techniques. The word "Kriya" means activity which refers to specific movements of consciousness which is one of the key components of the Kriya Yoga system. It is an advanced system of yoga to access the psychic or spiritual dimension of human existence.On a practical level it aims at the awakening of the dormant kundalini energy, thus allowing a sadhaka (practitioner) to access his complete human potential. In most of the classical yoga systems, the mind is willfully brought under control. In Kriya Yoga however, the practitioner is not asked to counteract the disturbances of the mind. He is given specific, subtle inner movements that systematically refine his consciousness and release energy. It can be stated that at present, there are two main streams of Kriya


title: Satyananda Saraswati

texts:
 yoga. That of Paramahamsa Yogananda and that of <mask>. Previously Kriya Yoga was handed down from teacher to disciple by word of mouth (oral tradition) and none of the classical scriptures describes the techniques in detail, so the ordinary practitioner could understand how to apply them.<mask> opened up the science of Kriya Yoga and presented it to the broader public. Originally there are more than 76 kriyas mentioned in the scriptures, Swami Satyananda choose 20 of them. He described them in detail and systematized them in a clear structure to be learnt over a period of 3 years, to make this ancient science available for the practitioner in the present age. The Kriya Yoga techniques as devised by Swami Satyananda consist of a combination of asana (body posture), pranayama (breathing techniques), mudra (gestures), bandha (inner locks), mantra (subtle sounds), chakra (energy centers) awareness, psychic passage awareness and visualization. He divided them in 3 sections: pratyahara kriyas, dharana kriyas and dhyana kriyas, thus enabling the practitioner to sequentially progress through the related meditative states of mind and consciousness. He also initiated a 3 years correspondence course in Kriya Yoga which resulted in the book: A Systematic Course in the Ancient Tantric Techniques of Yoga & Kriya. Connected to the development of the Kriya yoga system, <mask> conducted an extensive research in the field of Kundalini energy  and chakras.This resulted in the book Kundalini Tantra. Publications

<mask> wrote over 80 books, including  his popular 1969 manual Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha. <mask>'s writings have been published by the Bihar School of Yoga and, since 2000, by the Yoga Publications Trust established by his disciple Swami Niranjanananda. References

Sources

External links

Bihar School of Yoga
Rikhiapeeth
Royal Commission Findings (Case Study 21)

1923 births
2009 deaths
Scholars from Dehradun
Indian Hindu yogis
Indian Hindu monks
Modern yoga

masks:
Swami Satyananda
Swami Satyananda
Swami Satyananda
Satyananda
Satyananda


title: Ryan Fattman

texts:
<mask><mask> (born July 1, 1984) is an American state legislator currently serving in the Massachusetts State Senate. Prior to being elected to the Massachusetts Senate, <mask> represented the 18th Worcester district in the Massachusetts House of Representatives as a Republican. Before serving as a state representative, he attended Suffolk University and Tufts University and served on the Sutton Board of Selectmen from 2006 to 2011. Personal life
<mask> was born on July 1, 1984 in Sutton. <mask>  graduated from Sutton High School. <mask>'s mother is a small business owner, running her own preschool in Worcester called Kids Kount Nursery School. <mask>'s father is a long-time businessman.<mask> graduated from Sutton High School in 2003, and went on to study at Suffolk University for his bachelor's degree. For his master's degree, <mask> went on to Tufts University, where he was selected for the Harvard University Kennedy School Rappaport Public Policy Fellowship, class of 2008. <mask> met his wife at a high school dance, and proposed at the same location nine years later to the day
they met. <mask> and his wife Stephanie, the current Worcester County Register of Probate, reside in the town of Webster since their marriage in May 2013. Political career

Board of Selectmen
In 2006, <mask> announced his candidacy for the Sutton Board of Selectmen. On May 23, 2006, <mask> earned 70% of the vote, defeating two long-term incumbents. At 21 years old, this made him the youngest Selectman in the history of Sutton, and one of the youngest in MA history.He was re-elected in 2009 for a second term. During his five-year tenure, <mask> is largely credited with the restoration of Marion's Camp, helping expand Sutton's commercial tax base on Rt 146, senior citizen property tax relief, and working with fellow board members to create a Capital Stabilization Fund for capital purchases. He also placed an emphasis on increasing cell phone coverage in Sutton with the construction of a cell tower in West Sutton. <mask> joined a subcommittee on

masks:
Ryan C
. Fattman
Fattman
Ryan
Ryan
Ryan
Ryan
Fattman
Fattman
Fattman
Ryan
Ryan
Ryan
Fattman
Fattman


title: Ryan Fattman

texts:
 Tax Increment Financing for Business Development with fellow Selectman Michael Chizy. They negotiated with small businesses to alleviate the 90% residential tax burden, reducing it from above $12 to below $11.50, at a time when most other towns were increasing their residential tax rate. State Representative
In April 2010, <mask> announced his candidacy for State Representative. Down early in the polls by 32 points, Fattman knocked
on nearly 8,000 doors throughout the campaign and won all five towns in the district.<mask> was outspent by a margin of two-to-one, yet defeated eight-year incumbent Jennifer Callahan, 53-47%. The surprising upset received attention from statewide media outlets. The Worcester Telegram and Gazette described <mask>'s win as the "most surprising upset" in Central Massachusetts. Boston Globe Columnist Yvonne Abraham said "the new standard-bearer for beleaguered Massachusetts Republicans is a cherubic 26-year-old." <mask> had a perfect 100% voting attendance record for 2011. State Senator
<mask> was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate on November 4, 2014 after serving two terms in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He is the first Republican to win an election to the Worcester-Norfolk Senate seat since 1938, when Dr. Wilfred Bazinet was elected from Webster.<mask> defeated the twenty-year incumbent and President Pro Tempore (since 2013) Richard T. Moore. He currently has a 100% attendance record in the State Senate. Policy issues
<mask> co-sponsored a House Republican Budget Amendment #483, which increased UGGA Local Aid funds by $65 Million in FY12, including
$369,546 to his new legislative district. <mask> has continued his campaign on ethical reform for public officials. House Bill H03236, which <mask> sponsored, calls to eliminate the per-diem that legislators are paid for driving to work. <mask> is currently working with the Ellsessar family of Sutton on legislation requiring public schools to have a medical emergency
response plan for medical incidents. Michael Ellsessar, a

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Fattman
Fattman
Fattman
Ryan Fattman
Fattman
Fattman
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Fattman
Fattman


title: Ryan Fattman

texts:
 16-year-old JV Football Player from Sutton, collapsed on the field during an away game and was not able to be resuscitated.This legislation, known as Michael's Bill, would require schools to plan responses for similar events to prevent further deaths. For example, if a school possessed an AED, the school would have a plan to move it out to the athletic fields. In July 2020, as the Massachusetts legislature worked to develop emergency legislation  to respond to a swell of George Floyd protests in Massachusetts aligned with the Black Lives Matter movement, Sen. <mask> gained state-wide attention for employing procedural tactics to delay the progression and debate of a sweeping police reform and accountability bill, citing the need for public input, especially from law enforcement personnel. The bill, which among other measures bans chokeholds and the use of tear gas, and requires officers to intervene when excessive force is employed by a comrade, passed the senate on July 14th, with <mask> voting "Nay". Controversies

Comments on undocumented victims of violent crime
In a June 8, 2011 article in the Telegram & Gazette in which Fattman criticized the decision by Governor Deval Patrick to not join the Department of Homeland Security's Secure Communities program, <mask> commented that he would not be concerned by the reluctance of undocumented victims of violent crime, including rape, to report crimes to police, saying "if someone is here illegally, they should be afraid to come forward." On June 13, anti-sexual violence support and advocacy groups New Hope Rape Crisis Center of Boston, Pathways for Change, Inc, and the Boston Area Rape Crisis Center began a Change.org petition seeking an apology from Fattman and demanding that the Massachusetts State Legislature denounce Fattman's comments. <mask> was also criticized by Physicians for Human Rights Asylum Director Christy Fujio in a letter to the editor of the Telegram & Gazette, writing that <mask>'s original statement "indicates a level of misogynistic racism that

masks: Fattman Fattman Fattman Fattman Fattman


title: Ryan Fattman

texts:
 should be anathema to the people of his district and the entire Commonwealth".On June 17, <mask> met with House Minority Leader Bradley H. Jones, Jr., Assistant Minority Leader Elizabeth Poirier, and representatives of New Hope to discuss domestic and sexual violence victim rights and advocacy and to clarify his position on the subjects, and on June 21 the Telegram & Gazette published an article in which Fattman retracted his earlier comments. Campaign finance violation lawsuit and investigation
On March 17, 2021, <mask> and a group of individuals representing the Sutton Republican Town Committee and related campaign committees filed a lawsuit against Massachusetts Office of Campaign and Political Finance (OCPF) Director Michael Sullivan, in which they challenged the manner in which the OCPF was conducting investigations into potential violations of state campaign finance rules by <mask> and others' campaign committees. A request by <mask> and the other plaintiffs to block Sullivan from providing evidence to the state attorney general's office was denied on March 30. On April 8, the OCPF reported that they had found evidence that <mask> and the others' campaign committees had violated campaign finance law by using indirect contributions through the Sutton Republican Town Committee and state Republican party to skirt limits on campaign-to-campaign donations, and the matter was referred to Massachusetts Attorney General Maura Healey by Director Sullivan for subsequent review. <mask> denied the allegations and has insisted that his campaign contributions were both legal and common practice. See also
 2019–2020 Massachusetts legislature
 2021–2022 Massachusetts legislature

References

External links
 <mask> for State Representative (Facebook site)
  General Court Profile

1984 births
Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
People from Sutton, Massachusetts
Suffolk University alumni
Tufts University alumni
Massachusetts Republicans
Massachusetts city council members
Living people
21st-century American

masks:
Fattman
Fattman
Fattman
Fattman
Fattman
Fattman
Ryan Fattman


title: Herman Haupt

texts:
<mask> (Philadelphia, March 26, 1817 – Jersey City, December 14, 1905) was an American civil engineer and railroad construction engineer and executive. As a Union Army General during the American Civil War, he revolutionized U.S. military transportation, particularly the use of railroads. Early and family life
<mask> (whose first name was sometimes spelled <mask>) was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on March 26, 1817, the son of Jacob and <mask>. Jacob, a merchant, died when <mask> was 12 years old, leaving Anna to support three sons and two daughters. <mask> worked part-time to pay his school tuition, then in 1831 was appointed to the United States Military Academy at the age of 14 by President Andrew Jackson. He graduated in 1835 and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. Infantry that July. On August 30, 1838, in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, he married Ann Cecelia (Celia) Keller, with whom he would have seven sons and four daughters.In the 1870 census, Louis, <mask>, Charles, Frank and Alex were living at home with their parents in Philadelphia's Ward 10, as were their sisters Mary and Ella. Early career

Haupt resigned his commission on September 30, 1835, to accept a job under Henry R Campbell as Assistant Engineer engaged in the surveys of the Allentown road and of the Norristown & Valley Railroad, which opened in 1835 and 15 years later merged into the Chester Valley railroad. At 19, he was appointed Assistant Engineer in the state service and surveyed the line from Gettysburg to the Potomac across the South Mountain, a right-of-way that became part of the Western Maryland Railroad. In 1839, Haupt patented a bridge construction technique called the Haupt Truss. Two of his Haupt truss bridges, both built in 1854, still stand in Altoona and Ardmore, Pennsylvania. In 1840, Haupt was appointed a professor of mathematics

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Herman Haupt
Haupt
Hermann
Anna Margaretta Wiall Haupt
Herman
Herman
Herman


title: Herman Haupt

texts: tested a lightweight 2-clamp "rail-twister" invented by his subordinate Eben C. Smeed,  for use in raids behind enemy lines. Offered promotion again in early autumn 1863, Haupt hinged his acceptance on three conditions: that a central Bureau of U.S. Military Railroads be established to inspect, direct, and receive reports concerning construction and operation of all military railroads; difficulties with commanding generals be avoided through consultation and cooperation within their departments; the chief of the bureau should be free to move wherever his personal presence was necessary or to attend to whatever public or private business required his attention. The War Department declined to accept such terms.<mask>'s appointment was eventually rescinded on September 5, 1863, and he left the service on September 14. During that year as a general, however, he made an enormous impact on the Union war effort. The Civil War was one of the first wars in which large-scale railroad transportation was used to move and supply armies rapidly over long distances. Haupt assisted the Union Army of Virginia and Army of the Potomac in the Northern Virginia Campaign, the Maryland Campaign, and was particularly effective in supporting the Gettysburg Campaign, conducted in an area he knew well from his youth. His hastily organized trains kept the Union Army well supplied, and he organized the returning trains to carry thousands of Union wounded to hospitals. After the Battle of Gettysburg, Haupt boarded one of his trains and arrived at the White House on July 6, 1863, becoming the first to inform President Lincoln that General Robert E. Lee's defeated Confederate army was not being pursued vigorously by Union Major General George G. Meade. During his service, Haupt developed and implemented "general principles of railroad supply operation" and "also