title: Rufus Putnam

texts:
 National Register of Historic Homes and is currently being operated as a B&B. The town of Putnam, Ohio (now a part of Zanesville, Ohio) was named for him. Fort <mask> (built by <mask>) is part of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York.One of his grandsons, Catharinus <mask>, served as a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. References

 Bibliography
 Barker, Joseph: Recollections of the First Settlement of Ohio, Marietta College, Marietta, Ohio (1958); original manuscript written late in Joseph Barker's life, prior to his death in 1843. Buell, Rowena, ed. : The Memoirs of <mask> and Certain Official Papers and Correspondence, Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., The Riverside Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1903). Available online as part of the California Digital Library at The memoirs of <mask> and certain official papers and correspondence
 Dawes, E. C.: Journal of Gen. <mask> kept in Northern New York during Four Campaigns of the old French and Indian War, Joel Munsell's Sons, Albany, New York (1886). Heitman, Francis B.: Officers of the Continental Army during the War of the Revolution, Rare Book Shop Publishing Co., Washington, D.C. (1914). Hildreth, S. P.: Biographical and Historical Memoirs of the Early Pioneer Settlers of Ohio, H. W. Derby and Co., Cincinnati, Ohio (1852).Hildreth, S. P.: Pioneer History: Being an Account of the First Examinations of the Ohio Valley, and the Early Settlement of the Northwest Territory, H. W. Derby and Co., Cincinnati, Ohio (1848). This historical book is available online via the Google Books Library Project at Early Settlement of the Northwest Territory. Hubbard, Robert Ernest. General <mask>: George Washington's Chief Military Engineer and "Father of Ohio", McFarland & Company, Jefferson, North Carolina, 2020. .
 Hubbard, Robert Ernest. Major General <mask>: Hero of the American Revolution, McFarland & Company,

masks:
Putnam
Rufus Putnam
Putnam Buckingham
Rufus Putnam
Rufus Putnam
Rufus Putnam
Rufus Putnam
Israel Putnam


title: Rufus Putnam

type: original

texts:
 Jefferson, North Carolina, 2017. .
 Hulbert, Archer Butler: The Records of the Original Proceedings of the Ohio Company, Volume I, Marietta Historical Commission, Marietta, Ohio (1917). This historical book is available online via the Google Books Library Project at Ohio Company, Volume I.
 Hulbert, Archer Butler: The Records of the Original Proceedings of the Ohio Company, Volume II, Marietta Historical Commission, Marietta, Ohio (1917). This historical book is available online via the Google Books Library Project at Ohio Company, Volume II.Leiter, M. T.: Biographical Sketches of the Generals of the Continental Army of the Revolution, University Press: John Wilson and Son, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1889). Summers, Thomas J.: History of Marietta, The Leader Publishing Co., Marietta, Ohio (1903). This historical book is available online via the Google Books Library Project at History of Marietta. Randall, Emilius Oviatt (1850–1919): Rufus Putnam Memorial Association'', Ohio Archæological and Historical Society Publications: Volume 20 [1911], pp. 123–33. External links
 The Society of the Cincinnati
The American Revolution Institute
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers History: Commanders

 <mask> house website

1738 births
1824 deaths
Masonic Grand Masters
American people of the Northwest Indian War
American people of English descent
American pioneers
American surveyors
Burials at Mound Cemetery (Marietta, Ohio)
United States Army Corps of Engineers Chiefs of Engineers
Continental Army generals
Continental Army officers from Massachusetts
Northwest Territory House of Representatives
Northwest Territory judges
Ohio Constitutional Convention (1802)
Ohio University trustees
People from Marietta, Ohio
People of Massachusetts in the French and Indian War
People from Sutton, Massachusetts
People from Danvers, Massachusetts
People from New Braintree, Massachusetts
Surveyors General of the Northwest


title: Stacey Solomon

texts:
<mask> (born 4 October 1989) is an English singer and television personality. She finished in third place on the sixth series of The X Factor in 2009, and won the tenth series of I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! in 2010. Her debut single, a cover of "Driving Home for Christmas", was released in 2011, followed by her debut studio album, Shy, in 2015. In 2016, <mask> presented I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp, and began appearing as a panellist on the ITV talk show Loose Women. Early life
<mask> was born in Dagenham, London, on 4 October 1989, the daughter of Fiona and <mask>. Her mother was born into an Anglican family and was the daughter of a vicar, but converted to Judaism before marrying <mask>'s father, who is of Iraqi-Jewish and Polish-Jewish descent.Her parents divorced when she was nine. She has said of her Jewish background, "Growing up, the influence Judaism had on me was an overwhelming understanding to love those around you, care for others as if they are part of your family and strive to be the best individual you can be." She attended a Christian primary school, where she said she "felt included and no different to [her] peers", but later studied at the Jewish Kantor King Solomon High School in Barkingside. Career

Music
In 2009, <mask> auditioned for the sixth series of The X Factor, performing "What a Wonderful World". <mask> was among the top 12 contestants and advanced to the live shows and was mentored by Dannii Minogue. During the first week of the live shows she performed Coldplay's "The Scientist", which gained positive reviews from the judges. During week two, she performed "At Last", receiving the most public votes.She sang "When You Wish Upon a Star" during the third week. On the

masks:
Stacey Chanelle Clare Solomon
Solomon
Stacey Chanelle Clare Solomon
David Solomon
Solomon
Solomon
Solomon


title: Stacey Solomon

texts: fourth week, all contestants had to sing rock songs; Minogue selected "Somewhere Only We Know", and <mask>'s performance resulted in positive reviews. On the fifth week, she sang "Son of a Preacher Man". The sixth week into the competition, <mask> sang Queen's "Who Wants to Live Forever". During the sixth week, she also released a cover of Michael Jackson's "You Are Not Alone", which topped the charts on the UK Singles Chart and the Irish Singles Chart On the seventh week, she performed "I Can't Make You Love Me" and again received positive reviews from the judges and the audience. In the quarter-final, <mask> performed "Rule the World" by Take That and "Something About the Way You Look Tonight" by Elton John. In the semi-final she performed another Michael Jackson song, "The Way You Make Me Feel", and the song "Somewhere" for which she received a standing ovation again by the judges.During the final week, <mask> performed a duet "Feeling Good" with Michael Bublé. She also performed "What a Wonderful World" and "Who Wants to Live Forever". <mask> was awarded third place in the competition, behind Joe McElderry and Olly Murs. <mask> went on tour with her fellow X Factor finalists. In December 2010, she returned to the show, where she presented the show from Essex for winner, Matt Cardle. In June 2011, <mask> began working on her debut album, due to be released in 2012. Her first single from the album was originally to be released in February, but was delayed.On 5 November 2011, <mask> performed to thousands as the headline act at Paisley's Christmas Lights Switch On event. In September 2011, it was reported that <mask> was in a bidding war between record labels. However, she stated that she will have

masks: Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon


title: Stacey Solomon

texts:
 complete control. She was also asked to join The Only Way Is Essex, but turned it down. On 18 December 2011, <mask> released a cover of Chris Rea's "Driving Home for Christmas" as her Christmas single. The single was used for the Iceland Christmas commercial and reached number 27 in the UK Singles Chart. On 29 November 2013, <mask> was announced as the headline artist to lead a choir of over 110,000 primary school children.She joined the Young Voices tour, which took place from 14 January to 5 February 2014 in Birmingham, Sheffield, London and Manchester. The singer performed tracks from her forthcoming debut album on the tour, scheduled for release in 2014. Her debut album "Shy" was released in April 2015 along with the title track "Shy". In 2016, she released her second single from the album, "My Big Mistake". <mask> returned to the fourteenth series of The X Factor UK on Saturday 2 December 2017 and Sunday 3 December 2017, co-presenting alongside George Shelley. She interviewed the fourteenth series' finalists parents, families, relatives and friends at the live finals from ExCeL London on things such as how they feel about their finalist and wishing their finalist good luck. The interview is to give the audience a sense of support the finalists have behind them.<mask> and Shelley were co-presenters for this purpose of interviewing only, the main presenter being Dermot O'Leary. She returned in the same position the following year. <mask> has had fashion collaborations with Irish fast fashion brand Primark, including a children’s range which she marketed with her own children. She paired up with Amazon in 2020. Television
<mask> took part in the tenth series of the reality show I'm a Celebrity...Get Me

masks: Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon


title: Stacey Solomon

texts: Out of Here! She beat Shaun Ryder in the final and was crowned "Queen of the Jungle". In 2011, she became the face of supermarket Iceland, taking over from Coleen Nolan.<mask> performed a duet with Ryder at the 16th National Television Awards – "Feeling Good" and "Step On" by Happy Mondays. In October 2010, she won the Living TV show Party Wars. In April 2011, <mask> and Keith Lemon presented Sing If You Can. On 5 September 2011, <mask> appeared in the Sooty episode "The Wedding" as Miss <mask> the Vicar. From 11 March 2012, <mask> and Chris Moyles presented Sky Living's dating show The Love Machine . In Spring 2012, <mask> starred in an episode of Mad Mad World on ITV with Eamonn Holmes and Stephen K. Amos. From 5 September 2012, <mask> was part of the judging panel for ITV2's Top Dog Model.In May 2014, <mask> recorded the theme tune for Channel 5's children's show Pip Ahoy!. She also has a recurring role in the show, voicing Fuchsia the Flamingo. From February 2015, <mask> took part in the second series of The Jump and was eliminated on 4 February. Throughout Summer 2016, <mask> appeared several times as a guest panellist on ITV daytime show Loose Women. It was later announced she would become a regular panellist alongside Lisa Riley after Vicky Pattison and Jamelia left the show. On 22 September 2016, it was announced <mask> would take over from Laura Whitmore and become co-host of newly named I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! spin-off I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!Extra Camp alongside Vicky Pattison, Joe Swash and Chris Ramsey. She didn't return for the following series. On a celebrity special of The Chase aired on 30 October 2016, <mask> won £60,000 in her individual chase, opposing Anne

masks: Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon


title: Stacey Solomon

texts:
 Hegerty (The Governess). On 25 June 2017, <mask> appeared as a guest on ITV2's Love Island: Aftersun, a chat-show companion to Love Island. She also took part in a celebrity edition of The Crystal Maze on Channel 4. In January 2018 she participated in And They're Off! in aid of Sport Relief.<mask> also launched a clothing range with Primark on 11 October 2018. In February 2019 on an episode of Loose Women, <mask> announced she would become a regular panellist for ITV2’s Celebrity Juice, hosted by Keith Lemon. On 10 March 2021, <mask> announced on Instagram the BBC had commissioned home-decluttering series Sort Your Life Out, with her presenting. Personal life
<mask> had her first child in 2008 at age 18, with her then-boyfriend Dean Cox. Her second son, born in 2012, was fathered by her ex-fiancé Aaron Barnham. <mask> began dating television personality Joe Swash in 2015, having met during the tenth series of I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! in 2010.They have one son together, born in May 2019. She announced her engagement to Swash on her Instagram page on 24 December 2020. She is also the stepmother of Swash's son from a previous relationship. On 4 October 2021, her 32nd birthday, she announced that she had given birth to a daughter that same day. <mask> has been open about dealing with anxiety. Discography

Albums

Singles

As lead artist

As featured artist

References

External links

 Official website

1989 births
Living people
English people of Polish-Jewish descent
English people of Iraqi-Jewish descent
English women pop singers
People from Dagenham
Sony BMG artists
The X Factor (British TV series) contestants
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British TV series) winners
English

masks: Solomon Stacey Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon Solomon


title: Harry Stack Sullivan

texts:
Herbert "<mask><mask> (February 21, 1892, Norwich, New York – January 14, 1949, Paris, France) was an American Neo-Freudian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who held that "personality can never be isolated from the complex interpersonal relationships in which [a] person lives" and that "[t]he field of psychiatry is the field of interpersonal relations under any and all circumstances in which [such] relations exist". Having studied therapists Sigmund Freud, Adolf Meyer, and William Alanson White, he devoted years of clinical and research work to helping people with psychotic illness. Early life
<mask> was a child of Irish immigrants and grew up in the then anti-Catholic town of Norwich, New York, resulting in a social isolation which may have inspired his later interest in psychiatry. He attended the Smyrna Union School, then spent two years at Cornell University from 1909, receiving his medical degree in Chicago College of Medicine and Surgery in 1917. Work
Along with Clara Thompson, Karen Horney, Erich Fromm, Otto Allen Will, Jr., Erik H. Erikson, and Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, <mask> laid the groundwork for understanding the individual based on the network of relationships in which they are enmeshed. He developed a theory of psychiatry based on interpersonal relationships where cultural forces are largely responsible for mental illnesses (see also social psychiatry). In his words, one must pay attention to the "interactional", not the "intrapsychic".This search for satisfaction via personal involvement with others led <mask> to characterize loneliness as the most painful of human experiences. He also extended the Freudian psychoanalysis to the treatment of patients with severe mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia. Besides making the first mention of the significant other in psychological literature, <mask> developed the idea of the "Self System", a configuration of the personality traits developed in childhood and reinforced by positive affirmation and the

masks:
Harry
" Stack Sullivan
Sullivan
Sullivan
Sullivan
Sullivan


title: Harry Stack Sullivan

texts: security operations developed in childhood to avoid anxiety and threats to self-esteem. <mask> further defined the Self System as a steering mechanism toward a series of I-You interlocking behaviors; that is, what an individual does is meant to elicit a particular reaction. <mask> called these behaviors Parataxical Integrations and he noted that such action-reaction combinations can become rigid and dominate an adult's thinking pattern, limiting their actions and reactions toward the world as the adult sees the world and not as it really is. The resulting inaccuracies in judgment <mask> termed parataxic distortion, when other persons are perceived or evaluated based on the patterns of previous experience, similar to Freud's notion of transference. <mask> also introduced the concept of "prototaxic communication" as a more primitive, needy, infantile form of psychic interchange and of "syntactic communication" as a mature style of emotional interaction.<mask>'s work on interpersonal relationships became the foundation of interpersonal psychoanalysis, a school of psychoanalytic theory and treatment that stresses the detailed exploration of the nuances of patients' patterns of interacting with others. <mask> was the first to coin the term "problems in living" to describe the difficulties with self and others experienced by those with mental illnesses. This phrase was later picked up and popularized by Thomas Szasz, whose work was a foundational resource for the antipsychiatry movement. "Problems in living" went on to become the movement's preferred way to refer to the manifestations of mental disturbances. In 1927, he reviewed the controversial, anonymously published The Invert and his Social Adjustment and in 1929 called it "a remarkable document by a homosexual man of refinement; intended primarily as a guide to the unfortunate sufferers of sexual inversion, and much less open to criticism than anything else of the kind so far published." He was one of the founders of

masks: Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan


title: Harry Stack Sullivan

texts:
 the William Alanson White Institute, considered by many to be the world's leading independent psychoanalytic institute, and of the journal Psychiatry in 1937. He headed the Washington, DC School of Psychiatry from 1936 to 1947.In 1940, he and colleague Winfred Overholser, serving on the American Psychiatric Society's committee on Military Mobilization, formulated guidelines for the psychological screening of inductees to the United States military. He believed, writes one historian, "that sexuality played a minimal role in causing mental disorders and that adult homosexuals should be accepted and left alone." Despite his best efforts, others included homosexuality as a disqualification for military service. Beginning on December 5, 1940, <mask> served as psychiatric adviser to Selective Service director Clarence A. Dykstra, but resigned in November 1941 after Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, who was hostile to psychiatry, became the director. <mask> then took part in establishing the Office of War Information in 1942. Beginning in 1927, <mask> had a 22-year relationship with James Inscoe <mask>, known as "Jimmie", who was 20 years younger than <mask>. His colleague Helen Swick Perry's biography of <mask> mentions the relationship and it is clear his close friends were well aware they were partners.Writings
Although <mask> published little in his lifetime, he influenced generations of mental health professionals, especially through his lectures at Chestnut Lodge in Rockville, Maryland, outside Washington, DC. Leston Havens called him the most important underground influence in American psychoanalysis. His ideas were collected and published posthumously, edited by Helen Swick Perry, who also published a detailed biography in 1982 (Perry, 1982, Psychiatrist of America). Works
The following works are in Special Collections (MSA SC 5547) at the Maryland State Archives in Annapolis: Conceptions of Modern Psychiatry, Soundscriber Transcriptions (Feb. 1945-May 1945); Lectures 1-97

masks: Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan Sullivan


title: Harry Stack Sullivan

texts:
 (begins Oct. 2, 1942); Georgetown University Medical School Lectures (1939); Personal Psychopathology (1929–1933); The Psychiatry of Character and its Deviations-undated notes. His writings include:

The Interpersonal Theory of Psychiatry (1953)
"The Psychiatric Interview" (1954)
Conceptions of Modern Psychiatry (1947/1966)
Schizophrenia as a Human Process (1962)

Associates

After <mask>'s death, Saul B. Newton and his wife Dr. Jane Pearce (a psychiatrist who studied with <mask> in the late 1940s) established the Sullivan Institute for Research in Psychoanalysis in New York City. Notes

References
 Bérubé, Allan (1990). Coming Out Under Fire: The History of Gay Men and Women in World War Two.New York, The Penguin Group. .
 Chapman, A. H.: <mask> <mask> - His Life and His Work, New York, G.P.Putnam's Sons, 1976. Evans III, F. Barton: <mask> <mask> - Interpersonal theory and psychotherapy. London/New York, Routledge, 1996. Mitchell, Stephen A.: <mask> <mask> and Interpersonal Psychoanalysis. In: St. A. Mitchell & M. Black: Freud and Beyond - A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Theught, Basic Books, New York, 1995, , p. 60-84. Mullahy, Patrick: Psychoanalysis and Interpersonal Psychiatry - The Contributions of <mask> <mask>, New York, Science House, 1970. Mumford, Robert S.: Traditional Psychiatry, Freud, and H. S. Sullivan.Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 2, No. 1, February, 1961. Perry, Helen Swick: Psychiatrist of America - The Life of <mask> <mask>. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA and London, 1982, . Wake, Naoko: Private Practices: <mask> <mask>, the Science of Homosexuality, and American Liberalism. Rutgers University Press, 2011

External links
 William Alanson White Institute

1892 births
1949 deaths
People from Norwich, New York
American people of Irish descent
American psychoanalysts
American psychiatrists
American psychotherapists
LGBT people from New York (state)
People of the United States Office of War Information
20th-century

masks:
Sullivan
Sullivan
Harry Stack
Sullivan
Harry Stack
Sullivan
Harry Stack
Sullivan
Harry Stack
Sullivan
Harry Stack
Sullivan
Harry Stack
Sullivan


title: Miguel Ángel Castellini

texts:
<mask> (26 January 1947 – 28 October 2020) was an Argentine professional boxer. <mask>, who was active as a professional from 1965 to 1980, is most notable for having held the and WBA and lineal light middleweight titles from 1976 to 1977. He died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina. Professional career
<mask> began his professional career on 28 May 1965, in San Miguel de Tucumán against Domingo Gerez. <mask> scored a second round knockout over Gerez to record his first win. He remained undefeated over his first thirteen fights before suffering his first loss to Hermogenes Quintela. Quintela knocked <mask> out in the tenth round of their fight on 9 September 1966.On 4 November 1972 <mask> won his first championship by beating Hector Ricardo Palleres to claim the Argentine light middleweight title. <mask> fought for the first time outside of his native Argentina on 25 May 1974, he travelled to Monaco to beat Carlos Alberto Salinas. During his career <mask> also fought in Italy, Puerto Rico, Denmark, Nicaragua, and Spain. It was while in Spain that <mask> challenged for the WBA and lineal

masks:
Miguel Ángel Castellini
Castellini
Castellini
Castellini
Castellini
Castellini
Castellini
Castellini
Castellini


title: Miguel Ángel Castellini

texts:
 light middleweight titles, then held by Jose Manuel Duran, in front of a sell out crowd of 12,000. Duran, who was making the first defence of his title, was knocked down in the third round by a left hand to the jaw. Although the champion rose from the canvas, he was outworked by the faster challenger and lost his title via a split decision in a fight where both boxers finished with bloody faces. <mask>'s championship reign only lasted one fight as he lost it in his first defence to Eddie Gazo on 5 March 1977.Gazo, fighting in his hometown of Managua, Nicaragua, defeated Castellini via unanimous decision with scores of: 144–149, 144–148, and 143–148. This defeat was avenged, however, in a non-title bout on 20 September 1980. On this occasion Gazo travelled to Argentina to take on <mask>. <mask> won the fight by knockout in the ninth round in what was to be his final professional fight. Professional boxing record

|-
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|74 Wins (51 knockouts), 8 Losses (6 knockouts), 12 Draws
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid;

masks: Castellini Castellini Castellini


title: Paul Kaye

texts:
<mask> (born 15 December 1964) is an English comedian and actor. He is known for his portrayals of shock interviewer Dennis Pennis on The Sunday Show, New York lawyer Mike Strutter on MTV's Strutter, Thoros of Myr in HBO's Game of Thrones, and Vincent the Fox on the BBC comedy Mongrels. Early life
<mask> was born in the Clapham area of London on 15 December 1964. He and his twin sister were adopted by Jackie and <mask> and raised in Wembley, where their adoptive parents ran a sportswear shop. He is of Jewish background. He was a promising schoolboy athlete who achieved an impressive time in the 100-metre race. He later became a fan of punk rock, particularly the Sex Pistols bassist Sid Vicious.At the age of 16, he entered Harrow Art School on a two-year foundation course, and achieved a distinction before earning a first-class degree in Theatre Design from Nottingham Trent University (then called Trent Polytechnic). Career

Early career

On graduation, <mask> designed theatre posters for the King's Head, the Bush Theatre, and the Gate Theatre, Notting Hill. He was a scene painter at the Old Vic Theatre in Waterloo and illustrated regularly for the NME, i-D, Literary Review, Time Out and International Musician magazines between 1987 and 1989. He had two exhibitions of illustration and poster work between 1989 and 1990, firstly at the Soho House Theatre, and then at The Drill Hall. <mask> formed and sang in many bands, notably the dark psychedelic outfit We Are Pleb, who played extensively in Camden during 1988–89 (at the same time as Blur and Suede) and had a penchant for setting the stage on fire. <mask> was signed to Go Discs in 1992 with a group called TV Eye (formed with ex-members of the band Eat), which released two singles, "Killer Fly" and "Eradicator". In 1993, <mask> filmed a prototype Dennis Pennis, interviewing his own band on a late-night indie

masks:
Paul Kaye
Kaye
Ivan Kaye
Kaye
Kaye
Kaye
Kaye


title: Paul Kaye

texts: music show on Granada TV called Transmission.After the interview, <mask> then went out with the crew, got very drunk and offended as many people as possible up and down Oxford Street. This tape somehow arrived on the desk of producers at Planet 24 six months later, and they offered <mask> the job of knocking on people's doors at 6.00am on The Big Breakfast. <mask> turned them down, preferring to stay on the dole and stick with We Are Pleb; Mark Lamarr eventually took the job. <mask> was the in-house graphic designer for Tottenham Hotspur. He had an office in White Hart Lane and designed merchandise for Spurs, Derby County, Southampton and Aston Villa for Danish sportswear brand Hummel International (doing caricatures of <mask>e for school lunchboxes etc.). As an Arsenal fan, <mask> has said there are subliminal cannons contained within his work for Spurs, most notably a pen and ink drawing of Tottenham's new stand on a catalogue cover which features a minute cannon in the crowd: 70,000 were printed. <mask> became in-house theatre designer of the Bet Zvi Drama Academy in Tel Aviv for 12 months in 1994, designing all the in-house productions in their studio theatre.His TV debut was on The Word being secretly filmed in Oliver Reed's dressing room. <mask> recalls "Reed had drunk two bottles of vodka, taken all his clothes off and I honestly thought he was going to kill me on live television. I swore in bed that I'd never do a celebrity interview again. Typically, six months later I'd come up with Dennis Pennis." In 1994, <mask> convinced his old friend Anthony Hines (a car mechanic and some time roadie for TV Eye) to help him write Dennis Pennis when he was offered the job on The Sunday Show. (Hines was later poached by Sacha Baron Cohen to write for Ali G on The Eleven O'Clock Show and went on to receive an Oscar nomination for co-writing Borat in 2006).

masks:
Kaye
Kaye
Kaye
Kaye
Paul Gascoign
Kaye
Kaye
Kaye
Kaye


title: Paul Kaye

texts:
 Dennis Pennis
Celebrity interviewer Dennis Pennis, created by <mask> and Hines, was one of <mask>'s best-known characters.With dyed red hair, gaudy jackets adorned with punk-style badges, and thick glasses, Pennis stood out from the crowd and asked celebrities atypical questions, ranging from playful to cruel. After brief stints presenting two episodes of Transmission (ITV's early 1990s indie music magazine show) as Pennis, the character next appeared in 1995 on BBC2's The Sunday Show. The basic premise was that <mask> and a camera crew would visit film premieres, press functions, and other assorted celebrity gatherings to attempt to get an "interview" with stars, in between short skits and sketches featuring the character. Originally, the celebrities would be mainly British stars harassed at assorted London-based events, such as actor Hugh Grant, TV host Ulrika Jonsson, and sports pundit Des Lynam. A 1995 video release of these early clips, Anyone For Pennis, assured success for <mask>, who sought to broaden Pennis' scope. When the Pennis character took off, <mask> was afforded a budget large enough to travel to Cannes, Hollywood, and Venice to record footage for his 1996 video VIP – Very Important Pennis. His victims from this point on were much more renowned, the most famous of whom were Arnold Schwarzenegger, Demi Moore, Kevin Costner, Morgan Freeman and Bruce Willis, amid a raft of other Hollywood A-list stars.It was apparent that these victims were unsettled and unhappy with Pennis' unique line of questioning. Some stars, such as Costner, insulted him back, while others, such as Moore, simply declined to comment and left. Pennis was visibly amused at the look of disgust on some of the stars' faces. There was some controversy when Pennis asked of Steve Martin, "How come you're not funny any more?" Martin subsequently cancelled all scheduled press

masks: Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye


title: Paul Kaye

texts:
 interviews. <mask> later said that he regretted this interview for a while, but nevertheless said, "Anyone who thinks they can improve on Bilko and Inspector Clouseau needs a slap, don't they?" The final video release, Dennis Pennis RIP: Too Rude to Live, released in 1997, saw the character killed off.As <mask> reportedly explained, "Dennis Pennis had become too expensive. Taking a film crew out every night with no guarantee of getting even a minute's worth of footage of me harassing celebs was just stupid. And then the programme would take months to compile, and it was just boring, man... hanging out in the rain, twiddling your thumbs, playing with your hip flask... he had to go... at the risk of sounding a bit wanky, Pennis was more of an art project in my mind, living out my fantasy of being a naughty boy. Once I'd packed it in, I had no intention of ever doing anything like it again." Post-Pennis career

In 1998, <mask> appeared in the video to the Fat Les song "Vindaloo" as a Richard Ashcroft look-alike. That same year, he also appeared as the character DI Lindsay De <mask> in the TV comedy movie You Are Here. <mask> also appeared as the singer of a fictional punk band called Spunk in a 1999 mock-documentary of the same name, which appeared as the 'wrath' part of a Channel 4 series on the seven deadly sins.In 2000, <mask> starred in the comedy series Perfect World, a sitcom about a down-on-his-luck marketing manager. He also briefly presented a BBC2 quiz show, Liar, in which six contestants would all have a supposed claim to fame and the studio audience voted on which one they believed was telling the truth. In the same year, <mask> took a dramatic role alongside Michelle Collins in Two Thousand Acres of Sky. In 2004, <mask> played the leading role in the film Blackball. His role as deaf DJ Frankie Wilde in the 2005 mockumentary It's All Gone Pete Tong

masks: Kaye Kaye Kaye Paul Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye


title: Paul Kaye

texts: won him the Film Discovery Jury Award at the 2005 US Comedy Arts Festival. He played in two episodes of the BBC drama series Waking the Dead, playing Dr. David Carney in "Shadowplay". Television appearances in 2006 and 2007 include episodes of Hustle, EastEnders and Kingdom.<mask> is now the chief interviewer on rockworld.tv, in which he interviews up-and-coming punk/indie bands. <mask> appeared in Hotel Babylon (11 March 2008, BBC One), Pulling (Series 2, March 2008, BBC Three), and as Uncle Gorwel in A Child's Christmases in Wales by Mark Watson (17 December 2009, BBC Four and 24 December 2009, BBC One Wales). From November 2010 to January 2011, <mask> played Matilda's father Mr. Wormwood in the Royal Shakespeare Company's musical Matilda, based on the classic Roald Dahl novel of the same name. <mask> reprised the role when the musical transferred to the Cambridge Theatre in London's West End in October 2011. In April 2012, <mask> was nominated for an Olivier Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Musical. From August 2012, he appeared as a character called Maurice in UK TV adverts for betting website BetVictor. In 2013, <mask> appeared as Thoros of Myr in the third season of the HBO series Game of Thrones, and as Danno in the BBC Radio 4 series Love in Recovery.In 2016, he reprised his role as Thoros of Myr in the sixth season of Game of Thrones, and returned for the seventh season. In 2014, <mask> played Brother Lucian in the movie Dracula Untold. In 2015 he played a criminal in the BBC drama The Interceptor. In 2015, he featured as the drunken, haunted Naval Officer Harry Brewer in the National Theatre's revival of Our Country's Good. He also appeared in Doctor Who as an alien funeral director. That same year, He played Vinculus in Susanna Clarke's Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell. <mask>'s other television credits include The Trial of Elizabeth Gadge, an

masks: Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye


title: Paul Kaye

texts:
 episode of Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton's anthology series Inside No.9, Netflix's first original TV series Lilyhammer, the BAFTA winning Murder in Successville, BBC miniseries Three Girls, Sky comedy Zapped, Drunk History, The Windsors, Urban Myths, Terry Pratchett: Back in Black, and the adaptation of Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman's Good Omens. In 2017, <mask> appeared onstage as Chilean bomb maker Jose Miguel in B, a new play by Guillermo Calderón at the Royal Court Theatre. He appears as Dr. Malcolm Donahue, the pathologist in ITV's Vera. <mask> has appeared as Danno, who is a recovering alcoholic attending Alcoholic Anonymous (AA) meetings in Pete Jackson's BBC Radio 4 comedy drama series Love in Recovery. In 2019, <mask> debuted as hospital chaplain Daniel Booth in the ITV dramedy Cold Feet, and played a psychiatrist in the Netflix comedy series After Life. In 2020, he appeared in the Netflix drama The Stranger, as Patrick Katz, and portrayed "The Cowboy" in the HBO miniseries The Third Day. In 2021, he played Guy Forks in a Bonfire Night special of Mackenzie Crook's re-working of Worzel Gummidge for the BBC.Personal life
In 1983, <mask> took a year out of university and lived on Israel's Gvar'am kibbutz, where he met an Israeli woman, Orly Katz. They were married in 1989. They have two sons and live in the Hendon area of London. In January 2009, <mask> wrote an article for The Guardian in which he called for peace between Israel and Palestine after his mother-in-law was killed by a Hamas rocket strike on the Gvar'am kibbutz. He stated, "My eldest son has Israeli citizenship and in two years he will have to choose either to relinquish that citizenship or to fight in the Israeli army. It can be only his choice. But, unlike the Palestinians in Gaza, at least he has one."In March 2019, <mask> gave a reading at the funeral of The Prodigy frontman

masks: Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye Kaye


title: Frances Anderson

texts:
<mask><mask> is considered one of the pioneers of art therapy. She is an honorary lifetime member of the American Art Therapy Association (AATA). <mask> is a researcher, a distinguished professor, an author, and the first art therapist to receive the Fulbright Senior Scholar Award. She has also served as the editor of Art Therapy, Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, and as a member of the AATA Education and Program Approval Board. She has written nearly 80 papers and made 130 presentations regarding her work. <mask> has worked with several populations, including children with disabilities and adult survivors of incest. She has also worked extensively overseas through an organization titled Communities Healing through Art, or CHART, which serves areas affected by natural and other disasters.Early life

<mask><mask> faced many struggles while growing up. Her family struggled financially due to her father's profession as a preacher, and she later attended a prep school where she found it hard to relate to other children. She stated in the book Architects of art therapy: Memoirs and life stories that her sole friend from childhood died in her eighth grade year. Despite these struggles, she went on to college and eventually found her calling as an art therapist. Education

<mask> began her educational career at Agnes Scott College; a prestigious all women's college, where she started out as an English major. <mask> had trouble keeping up with assignments and decided to change her major to art during her sophomore year. Watercolor, clay, and photography were her preferred media.Additionally, <mask> took many psychology courses with one of her favorite undergraduate professors. Upon doing research for one of her psychology papers, <mask> discovered the Bulletin of Art Therapy, which led her to pursuing a career in

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. Anderson
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title: Frances Anderson

texts: art therapy. In 1964, <mask> transferred to Indiana University Bloomington where she simultaneously earned her master's degree and teaching certificate less than a year after graduating with her bachelor's degree. She began work as a teacher in a small schoolhouse for children with disabilities in Southern Indiana after completing herundergraduate degree. This career opportunity sparked her interest of working with children who have disabilities. Soon after her teaching career began, <mask> returned to school at Indiana University Bloomington in 1968 to earn her doctorate in art education. Her doctoral research primarily focused on the use of art in mental hospitals.<mask> took the Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) twice (scoring lower the second time), but Indiana University Bloomington admitted her because of the grades she achieved in her undergraduate studies. She struggled with writing, language, and verbal direction and was later diagnosed with learning disabilities. Despite her learning disabilities with reading and writing, <mask> still became the top student in her doctorate program. Her personal experiences with these challenges helped her to understand the needs of populations with developmental disabilities. She supplied dozens of adaptations and suggestions for teachers of children with any kind of disability in her text entitled, Art-centered Education and Therapy for Children with Disabilities. After she graduated, <mask> continued publishing two articles per year. It was then that her research began shifting focus to special populations and traumatized adults and children.She completed a major research study that incorporated a review of all the published research articles involving quantifiable data in art, music, dance, and drama for people with disabilities. Funded by the National Committee on Arts

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title: Frances Anderson

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 for the Handicapped, the goal of the study was to demonstrate the knowledge and quality of life that the arts bring to a person. Career, publications, and honors

<mask> attended the founding meeting of the American Art Therapy Association (AATA), in Louisville, Kentucky on June 29, 1969 upon graduating with her doctorate degree. When the AATA started the registration process of dividing its membership into regions, <mask> declined the title of research chair and instead became the first Midwest standards chair in 1972. <mask> set the expectations for research suggesting that, despite the difficulty in establishing quantifiable data in art therapy, more research needed to be conducted to provide evidence for the effects and benefits of art therapy. In 1972, <mask> conducted research with Helen Landgarten documenting the interest and need for art therapy in mental health facilities in the Midwest and Southern California. <mask> and Landgarten presented their findings in Columbus, Ohio at the fifth annual AATA Conference, and publications of the results were also included in the Bulletin of Art Therapy and Studies in Art Education.In 1977, <mask> took part in the seventh annual AATA conference, and sat on a panel titled Art therapy: An exploration of values. Here, she advocated for the immersion of art education. <mask> was able to continue to advocate and provide research for her field by serving on AATA's Education and Program Approval Board (EPAB). <mask>'s research helped aid the creation of a graduate training program at Illinois State University (ISU), in 1989. <mask> became the director of the program and worked to obtain grants that would be used for assistantships and tuition waivers. She assisted in the expansion of the program by seeking funding to support more art therapy educators, and by continuing research.

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title: Frances Anderson

texts: <mask> recruited recognized doctorate-level art therapists such as Marcia Rosal, Doris Arrington, and Valeria Appleton among others, to teach weekend courses at ISU.She supported the idea of exposing students to educators with assorted experiences and preferred theoretical perspectives. <mask> began volunteering in the lab school at ISU, where she was able to work as part of a treatment team for children with auditory, visual, physical, mental and emotional disabilities. She learned methods for working with children from her mentor, Larry Barnfield, and used her passion to help the children learn about themselves and their environment. <mask> also later assisted in the establishment of the art therapy graduate program at Florida State University. Inspired by her mentor, Barnfield, and the lack of publications on art with children with disabilities, <mask> wrote her first book: Art for All the Children: A Creative Sourcebook for the Impaired Child. In 1988, <mask> revised her first book and published Art for All the Children: Approaches to Art Therapy for Children with Disabilities. <mask> asserts in both books that children with impairments or different ways of learning are, first and foremost, children.This assertion is evident throughout her texts as she details such things as impairments and abuse that children experience, normal artistic development of children, specific adaptations for children in the art room, how art can fit into individualized education programs (IEPs), and creative directives and activities to do with children. <mask> also provides a number of art activities that can be performed in learning classes to enforce theories and concepts. In <mask>'s third book, she wrote an additional chapter on “developing a sense of self through art”. She believed that a child gains a more cohesive understanding of

masks: Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson


title: Frances Anderson

texts: the self/the human body by first learning about one body part at a time, and then putting all of the concepts together. When AATA established its first journal in 1982, <mask> became a member of the journal's committee due to her experience with publications. In 2000, <mask> became the editor for the journal. While working as editor, she faced the additional challenges of battling breast cancer, in which she beat.<mask> has worked to facilitate the immersion of art education and art therapy. Alongside Sandra Packard, she published an article titled "A Shared Identity Crisis: Art Education and Art Therapy?" that detailed the similarities and overlapping qualities of art therapy and art education. At one point during her career, <mask> was approached by a former student and asked to work with a group of female survivors of childhood sexual abuse; a project that ended up being eight years of clinical work. <mask> had previously been affected by sexual harassment in the workplace when she shut down sexual passes from a committee member who later denied her a promotion. Because of this experience, she approached work with female childhood sexual abuse survivors with extreme caution. Working with this population reportedly proved to be the most difficult work for <mask>, and it had an intense effect on her personal artwork and spirituality.While working with these groups of women, <mask> developed what she called "People Pots". With her first clay group, one of the directives (or art exercises) was to create a clay sculpture of a pet or animal. This prompt brought up emotional stories from the group of parents torturing and killing pets. In response, <mask> began creating small pots with people and animals in them. As the group sessions continued, the pots and figures became larger and started to touch each other. <mask>


title: Frances Anderson

texts:
 realized that these "People Pots" were serving as a metaphor for the clay groups; the women were connecting and beginning to touch each other socially and emotionally. The women in the clay groups showed significant signs of progress in therapy.They had survived sexual abuse by blocking emotions, and <mask> discovered that manipulating clay caused a great number of suppressed emotional memories to surface in the group members. Due to this finding, she believed that manipulating clay was a kinesthetic learning experience that prevented people from remaining emotionally stagnant. <mask> reflected on the experience as facing "the evils" and also adding the spiritual aspects to the process helped empower the women. One group member reported that she had been in therapy for 20 years, but did not experience any emotional changes until the clay group. As these groups were part of a grant project, <mask> documented the outcome with a journal article, four conference presentations, a monograph, and a video entitled Courage! Together We Heal. Awards

In April 2001, <mask> was recognized as the first art therapist to ever receive the Fulbright Senior Scholar Award (FSSA).In 2002, <mask> resigned as editor of the AATA journal, and retired from her post at ISU so that she could travel to teach a research course for four months in Buenos Aires. Here, she also collected data to add to her artistic development scale. In 2005, <mask> became the second art therapist to win the Fulbright Specialist Grant, which allowed her to travel to Taiwan, Thailand, and Pakistan, and eventually play a role in establishing the first Taiwan art therapy program. <mask> continues to remain active in CHART and AATA. Books
Art for All the Children: A Creative Sourcebook for the Impaired Child
Art for All the Children: Approaches to Art Therapy for Children

masks: Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson Anderson


title: Bill Callahan (American football)

texts:
William E<mask> (born July 31, 1956) is an American football coach who is the offensive line coach for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL). He was formerly the head coach of the Oakland Raiders for the 2002 and 2003 seasons and led them to Super Bowl XXXVII. He was also the head coach for the Nebraska Cornhuskers from 2004 to 2007 and the offensive line coach and interim head coach for the Washington Redskins from 2015 to 2019. College career
<mask> was a four-year starter at quarterback at Illinois Benedictine College in Lisle, Illinois, where he was an NAIA honorable mention All-American in his final two seasons. Early coaching career

The Chicago native began his coaching career in 1978 with back to back year long stints as an assistant coach at Oak Lawn Community High School and De La Salle Institute. <mask> started his college coaching career shortly after in 1980 as a graduate assistant at University of Illinois before being promoted to full-time assistant in 1981, coaching tight ends, offensive line, quarterbacks and special teams through 1986. He served a two-year stint, 1987–1988, as offensive line coach at Northern Arizona University and one year as offensive coordinator of Southern Illinois in 1989.From 1990–1994, <mask> was offensive line coach at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He has been praised by former Wisconsin coach Barry Alvarez as being one of the primary reasons why the Badgers were able to turn their program around and eventually win three Rose Bowls in the 1990s. Alvarez cited <mask> specifically for his strong recruiting abilities. At Southern Illinois in 1989, he led an offense that ran for 1,245 yards and threw for 2,569 yards with 19 touchdowns. As of 2011, the 238 completions and 432 pass attempts were second most in school history in both categories. At Wisconsin after a 1–10 season in 1990, he helped pave the way for Terrell

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title: Bill Callahan (American football)

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 Fletcher to run for 446 yards in 1991. In 1992, that number jumped to 492 and Brent Moss ran for 739 yards and 9 touchdowns.By 1993, Wisconsin's offensive line paved the way for Moss' 1,637 yards and 16 touchdowns. Fletcher also ran for 996 yards and 9 touchdowns. Quarterback Darrell Bevell was able to throw for 19 touchdowns. In 1994, Bevell would throw 17 touchdowns and Fletcher would run for 1,476 yards and 12 touchdowns while Moss ran for 833 yards and 8 touchdowns. Some of the offensive linemen that <mask> coached during this period included: Joe Panos, Joe Rudolph, Steve Stark, Mike Verstagen, and Cory Raymer. Coaching career
<mask> started his NFL career as the offensive line coach for the Philadelphia Eagles from 1995 to 1997. He then spent four seasons as the Oakland Raiders offensive coordinator before being named the franchise's 13th head coach prior to the 2002 season.<mask> was the head coach of the Oakland Raiders of the NFL during the 2002 and 2003 seasons. Oakland Raiders
In his first season as a head coach, <mask> led the Raiders to a third consecutive AFC West title and the franchise's first Super Bowl since returning to Oakland, making him just the fourth rookie head coach in NFL history to do so. The Raiders suffered a lopsided defeat in Super Bowl XXXVII losing 48–21 to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers coached by his former boss Jon Gruden. It did not help that the Raiders were without starting center Barret Robbins, the leader of their offensive line. Robbins went into a manic episode after not taking his medication, and spent most of the day before the game in Tijuana believing the Raiders had already won. When he finally resurfaced, he was so incoherent that <mask> had no choice but to leave him off the roster. <mask> is the third Raiders head coach to win an AFC West title and lead his team into the conference championship game in his first full season.Only Art Shell

masks: Callahan Callahan Callahan Callahan Callahan Callahan


title: Bill Callahan (American football)

texts: (1990) and John Madden (1969) had accomplished this feat. Under <mask>'s guidance, the Raiders led the NFL in passing for the first time in team history and led the league in total offense for just the second time in team history. During his tenure as not only head coach but also offensive coordinator for the Raiders, the Raiders offense led the league in rushing in 2000 and led the league in passing in 2002. In 2002, the Raiders became the first team to win games in the same season while rushing at least 60 times (against the Kansas City Chiefs in a 24–0 win) and passing at least 60 times (against the Pittsburgh Steelers in a 30–17 win). The Raiders offense also set many franchise records during this period, including fewest sacks allowed (28) in 2000, a mark that was broken the following year (27). Despite the success of the 2002 team, the Raiders had a losing record in 2003. After the Raiders got off to a 2–5 start, many of the players, in particular Charles Woodson, publicly criticized <mask>, even suggesting that Callahan was deliberately trying to "sabotage the season".According to Woodson, the Raiders locker room was almost in a state of mutiny against <mask>, a claim corroborated by veteran receiver Tim Brown and others. <mask>, his supporters claim, had recognized that the team was aging and needed younger talent. To get it, he would have to cut existing salaries, an assertion that did not sit well with many of the team's veterans. It did not help that quarterback Rich Gannon was sidelined with injuries for much of the season. On November 30, after a 22–8 loss to the Denver Broncos, <mask> said the Raiders must have been "the dumbest team in America in terms of playing the game." After a lackluster 4–12 season, <mask> was fired by Raiders owner Al Davis. Even though the Raiders had gone all the way to the Super Bowl a year earlier, Davis was not known for being patient with his


title: Bill Callahan (American football)

texts:
 coaches.<mask> was the last Raiders head coach to post a winning season until Jack Del Rio in 2016. Controversy surrounding Super Bowl XXXVII

In January 2013, <mask> was publicly accused of sabotaging Super Bowl XXXVII by several former players. According to comments by Tim Brown and others, the Raiders struggled on offense during the Super Bowl because of <mask> changing the game plan from a heavy run attack to a heavy passing one on the Friday before the game. Although some claim this was due to the Barret Robbins incident, Brown offered no proof for the sabotage claim, but said: "this is the problem we have, because of <mask>'s relationship with Gruden, because of his disdain for the Raider organization; that's what makes people get to that conclusion." Rich Gannon defended <mask>, but did suggest that Oakland may have been disadvantaged by <mask>'s failure to change the terminology for play calls at the line of scrimmage. According to Gannon, the same play names had been used during Gruden's tenure as Raiders coach, and Gruden had taught his Buccaneers defensive players these play names. Jerry Rice, an NFL Hall of Famer who was a wide receiver for the Raiders at that time, was quoted as saying, "I was very surprised that he waited till the last second and I think a lot of the players they were surprised also so in a way maybe because he didn't like the Raiders he decided 'Hey look maybe we should sabotage just a little bit and let Jon Gruden go out and win this one.'"<mask> has denied the allegations, stating that, "While I fully understand a competitive professional football player's disappointment when a game's outcome doesn't go his team's way, I am shocked, saddened and outraged by Tim Brown's allegations and Jerry Rice's support of those allegations made through various media outlets over the last 24 hours. To leave no doubt, I categorically and unequivocally deny the sum and

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title: Bill Callahan (American football)

texts:
 substance of their allegations." <mask> further referred to the claim as "ludicrous and defamatory." Brown backtracked from his comments a day later, denying having said that <mask> sabotaged the game. Nebraska Cornhuskers
Soon after being fired by the Raiders, <mask> was hired at Nebraska. This would mark the first time in over four decades (since the hiring of Bob Devaney in 1962) that the Cornhuskers would be led by a head coach with no direct ties to the university either as a player or an assistant coach. In his first season at Nebraska (2004), <mask> finished 5–6, giving the Cornhuskers their first losing season in more than 40 years.He had introduced the West Coast offense to a program that had traditionally relied on a strong option running attack. The Cornhuskers finished 8–4 during his second season and won the 2005 Alamo Bowl by defeating No. 20 Michigan, 32–28. The 7–4 Wolverines were the highest-ranked opponent that Nebraska had defeated since a 20–10 win over No. 2 Oklahoma in October 2001. The Wolverines also were the highest-ranked opponent defeated by Nebraska away from home since a 66–17 win over Northwestern in the 2000 Alamo Bowl. The 2006 team finished 9–5 and won the Big 12 North for the first time since 1999.The win over then No. 24-ranked Texas A&M marked Nebraska's first ever road win over a ranked Big 12 South team. Many expected that the 2007 season would be a breakthrough year for Nebraska. However, the team fell well short of expectations. Nebraska was beaten by USC 49–31 in a nationally televised September 15 game, being outrushed by a 313 to 31 margin but outgaining USC in the passing game 389 to 144. A 41–6 thumping by Missouri started a five-game losing streak—the Cornhuskers' first since 1958. On October 15, 2007, Steve Pederson, the athletic director who had hired <mask>, was fired.Pederson was replaced on an interim basis by Nebraska's legendary former

masks: Callahan Callahan Callahan Callahan Callahan


title: Bill Callahan (American football)

texts: head coach, Tom Osborne. On November 3, the Cornhuskers suffered a 76–39 pounding at the hands of Kansas. It was the most points a Cornhuskers team had ever surrendered at the time. The Cornhuskers followed this performance a week later with a win, scoring 73 points against Kansas State. On November 24, 2007, a day after a 65–51 loss to rival Colorado, <mask> arrived at the team's practice facility at 6:30 a.m. He met briefly with Osborne and was fired. As he left the complex, he waved to reporters gathered outside.Osborne announced during a press conference held at the school that despite <mask>'s ouster, he would still earn $3.1 million as part of his buyout. While Nebraska's defense struggled during <mask>'s tenure, numerous offensive school records were set (some of which could be attributed to the dramatic change in offensive philosophy) and quarterback Zac Taylor was named Big 12 Offensive Player of the Year for 2006. <mask>'s tenure as Nebraska's head coach was primarily defined by an emphasis on recruiting (something many Nebraska fans felt was lacking during the previous coach's tenure). For example, with the assistance of his recruiting coordinator John Blake, Nebraska recruited defensive tackle Ndamukong Suh (2009 AP Player of the Year, Nagurski Trophy winner, Heisman Trophy finalist, etc.) although Suh later stated that he would "probably be at Oregon State right now" had <mask> not been fired. <mask>'s 2005 recruiting class was rated as top-five by Rivals and ESPN analyst Tom Lemming said they were "No. 1, without a doubt.".Despite a 27–22 record, <mask>'s tenure is considered to be a failure. He led the Cornhuskers to two losing seasons in four years. He also finished ranked in a major poll only once in four years after the Huskers had only finished unranked once since 1962. Streaks such as 35 straight years in a bowl game and decades of consecutive wins against Kansas were


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 lost in his 4 year tenure. He was 1–10 against teams ranked in the Top 25, 27–2 in games in which he led at halftime, 0–17 in games in which he trailed at halftime, 25–21 against Division I opponents, 15–18 against the Big 12, and coached the program its only two losing seasons (out of 4 seasons at Nebraska) in 46 years. Sports Illustrated named <mask> as the worst coaching hire of the decade in college football. Exacerbating Cornhusker fans' consternation with <mask>'s tenure at the university was his insistence that he had "done an excellent job in every area."New York Jets
On January 18, 2008, <mask> was hired as assistant head coach of the New York Jets. On January 2, 2009 <mask> interviewed for the position of head coach of the New York Jets. In 2008, three of  the offensive linemen (with <mask> as their position coach) from the Jets were named to the Pro Bowl: Nick Mangold, Alan Faneca and D'Brickashaw Ferguson. All three repeated  in 2009. Under <mask>'s direction of the running game the Jets broke the franchise record in 2009 gaining 2756 yards on the ground through 16 regular season games. They led the National Football League in rushing and averaged 4.5 yards per attempt. For the 2009 season, Peter King named <mask> the assistant coach of the year.Dallas Cowboys

The Dallas Cowboys hired <mask> as their offensive line coach during the 2012 offseason. On June 4, 2013, Dallas owner Jerry Jones announced that <mask> would call plays on offense during the upcoming 2013 season, allowing head coach Jason Garrett to focus on game-management. After being the offensive coordinator for the Cowboys during the 2013 season, he was stripped of his play calling duties. During the 2014 off-season, the Cleveland Browns and Baltimore Ravens both asked Dallas for permission to interview <mask> for their open offensive coordinator positions, but Dallas declined. Dallas let <mask>'s contract as

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title: Bill Callahan (American football)

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 offensive line coach expire after the 2014-2015 season, allowing him to seek other opportunities. At the time, <mask> was considered among the best offensive line coaches in the NFL, and some considered him to be the leading reason behind the success of the Dallas Cowboys offensive line, which had 3 linemen (Tyron Smith, Zack Martin, and Travis Frederick) named to the 2014 All-Pro Team. Washington Redskins

On January 15, 2015, the Washington Redskins hired <mask> as their offensive line coach.On March 15, 2017, Washington promoted <mask> to assistant head coach in addition to his offensive line duties. On October 7, 2019, following a 0–5 start to their 2019 season, Washington fired head coach Jay Gruden and named <mask> the interim head coach for the rest of the season. <mask> went 3-8 in his stint as interim coach. The Redskins hired Ron Rivera shortly after the conclusion of the season. Cleveland Browns

On January 31, 2020, <mask> was hired by the Cleveland Browns as their offensive line coach under head coach Kevin Stefanski. He missed the team's Wild Card playoff game against the Pittsburgh Steelers on January 10, 2021, due to COVID-19 protocols, but returned for the next playoff game. Head coaching record

NFL

* – Interim head coach

College

<small>

References

External links
 <mask> at Pro-Football-Reference.com

1956 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
Benedictine Eagles football players
Dallas Cowboys coaches
Illinois Fighting Illini football coaches
National Football League offensive coordinators
Nebraska Cornhuskers football coaches
New York Jets coaches
Northern Arizona Lumberjacks football coaches
Oakland Raiders coaches
Oakland Raiders head coaches
Philadelphia Eagles coaches
Washington Redskins coaches
Washington Redskins head coaches
Wisconsin Badgers football coaches
High school football coaches in Illinois
Sportspeople from Chicago
Players of

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title: Allan Jones (businessman)

texts:
<mask>. (born December 31, 1952) is an American businessman from Cleveland, Tennessee. He is the founder, chairman, and CEO of Check Into Cash, Creditcorp, Jones Management Services, and the Community Financial Services Association, as well as several other local lending agencies. He has been called the "father of the payday loan industry" for founding and building the first major payday loan chain. Early life and education
<mask> was born on December 31, 1952, in Cleveland, Tennessee to William A. (Bill<mask> (1919–1981) and <mask> (1925–2003). He was the first baby to ever be born at Cleveland's Bradley Memorial Hospital. In 1984, <mask>' daughter, Abby, was the first baby born at the hospital's new Women's Center.<mask> donated the first Mother's Garden at the hospital in honor of his mother, wife, and daughters. <mask> attended Cleveland High School, where he wrestled and won various awards and served as team captain. He graduated in 1972. <mask> credited wrestling with helping build character: "In wrestling, I didn't have anyone to rely on but me." He declined wrestling scholarships to pursue a business degree at Middle Tennessee State University. Business career

Early career
<mask> left college at age 20 to help his father stabilize the family's small business, the Credit Bureau of Cleveland. He purchased the business from his father in 1977 and developed it to become the largest privately owned credit bureau databases in the state, covering 63 counties.<mask> sold the credit reporting side of the business to Equifax in 1988, although he retained the name and the company's collection agency division. He then built the company to be the largest in Tennessee with offices from Memphis to Atlanta. <mask> sold the company in 1998. The sale to Equifax set a record for the highest price per earnings paid for a credit reporting business. <mask> founded Check Into Cash in 1993. The idea arose from him seeing a former credit bureau manager who was operating out of a small service station and cashing checks with the agreement that the owner would hold the checks until the next payday before submitting them to the bank. Check Into Cash eventually grew to include 1,300

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title: Allan Jones (businessman)

texts:
 stores nationwide.Check Into Cash

Jones opened the first Check Into Cash store in Cleveland, Tennessee in 1993. The business model was legalised in 1997 after <mask> and other payday industry executives lobbied the Tennessee state legislature to allow payday lending. The Los Angeles Times reported that <mask> made over $23,000 in political donations during this time while Harper's Magazine reported $29,000 in political donations. Community Financial Services Association
Jones has been credited with founding the Community Financial Services Association of America, or CFSA in 1999. CFSA is the national trade association for companies that offer small-dollar, short-term loans or payday advances. Through a code of "Best Practices," CFSA members pledge to abide by responsible industry practices that ensure customers understand the cost and risk of short-term payday advances to facilitate the best financial decisions. The practices also require that members hold themselves "to the highest standard of service".<mask> said he founded CFSA after breaking away from the National Check Cashers Association, due to concerns that the NCCA, now called Financial Service Centers of America, was not giving enough attention to the payday lending industry. Hardwick Clothes

In 2014, <mask> purchased Hardwick Clothes, a company founded in Cleveland, in 1880. Hardwick Clothes is the oldest manufacturer of tailor-made clothing in the United States. Hardwick Clothes, which began as Cleveland Woolen Mills, was one of two companies founded by C.L. Hardwick in the 19th century. Hardwick put his son Joseph in charge of Hardwick Stove, the family's other business, while his son George ran the clothing company. Cleveland Woolen Mills soon evolved into a manufacturing plant, making suits and other items of apparel.Hardwick Stove was absorbed into Maytag in 1981. The company, known for its "Sewn in the South" slogan and renowned during the 1960s for making the world's best blazer, was facing bankruptcy when <mask> acquired it. <mask> has said he was attracted to Hardwick Clothes because it was the oldest business of its kind in America, and is convinced that the American consumer pendulum is

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones


title: Allan Jones (businessman)

texts:
 swinging back to "made in America." Within weeks of purchasing Hardwick Clothes, <mask> named Bruce Bellusci, former executive vice president at Hart Schafner & Marx, the company's new CEO/president. He also recruited Hart's designer, engineer, and three top salesmen to Hardwick. In September 2017, <mask> made national headlines when he announced that Hardwick Clothes, Check Into Cash and his other companies would no longer advertise during NFL games as a response to the national anthem protests by the league's players, which the businessman called "unpatriotic behavior." <mask> was featured on the Fox Business Network discussing the decision.<mask> sold Hardwick in December 2019 to the company Puerto Rico Industries for the Blind. Other business ventures
<mask> is the largest property owner in Bradley County and has renovated many buildings, including a former shopping mall that he altered to become a site for his companies. The Cleveland/Bradley Chamber of Commerce awarded <mask> with the M.C. Headrick Free Enterprise Award, the organization's highest honor in 2003. That same year <mask> was inducted into the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga's Entrepreneurship Hall of Fame. <mask> was included on BusinessTN magazine's "Power 100" list in 2005. <mask> appeared on the cover of BusinessTN Magazine and was characterized as "The King of Cash".The magazine ranked <mask> as one of the 20 wealthiest people in Tennessee. In addition to Check Into Cash, <mask> has founded or purchased several affiliate agencies, including U.S. Money Shops, a pawn agency, LendingFrog.com, an online lending agency, Loan By Phone, and Buy Here Pay Here USA, a used car finance dealer. High school wrestling support

<mask> is the largest individual supporter of high school wrestling in the United States. He founded the Cleveland/Bradley Wrestling Club in 1990, and provided the $1.3 million funding for the Jones Wrestling Center located on the Cleveland High School campus. <mask> was also the sole funder of the wrestling building at Bradley Central High School. The clubs have been successful, with <mask> remarking that "It has very little to do with the buildings and it has everything

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones


title: Allan Jones (businessman)

texts:
 to do with the right coaches.". Bradley Central High School has won 26 state championships, most recently in 2017.In the 2013 state championship, Cleveland beat runner-up Wilson Central 78–4, setting a TSSAA record for the most lopsided margin of victory, most pins and quickest championship. Since the 2006–07 season, the wrestling team has won state championships in 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2018, 2019 as well as in 2020 and 2021. In 2016, <mask> was inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame located in Stillwater, Oklahoma. In 2017, <mask> received national attention when he auctioned off a 2009 King Ranch F-150 four-wheel drive pickup truck autographed twice by President George W. Bush. The proceeds of the auction went to benefit Cleveland's Higher Calling Youth Wrestling Club and the National Wrestling Hall of Fame Dan Gable Museum. Philanthropy

In 1990, <mask> founded MainStreet Cleveland, dedicated to the revitalization and promotion of Cleveland's historic downtown area and donated the funds for the construction of the Virgil F. Carmichael addition to the Cleveland Public Library. In 2011, <mask> contributed to the non-profit organization tnAchieves, enabling it to launch its scholarship and mentoring program in all three Bradley County high schools, ensuring that every graduating senior from Cleveland High School, Walker Valley High School, and Bradley Central High School had the opportunity to attend Cleveland State Community College.In 2015, <mask> was awarded the first-ever honorary degree from Cleveland State during its 49th Commencement Ceremony where he was the keynote speaker. A few days later, <mask> received the Chancellor's Award for Excellence in Philanthropy from the Tennessee Board of Regents. In 2012, <mask> received the prestigious Fred Gregg Jr. award from the Greater Chattanooga Sports Hall of Fame for significant contributions to sports. In 2014, the <mask> family gave a donation to Lee University to purchase the old First Baptist Church building in downtown Cleveland and renovate it into a music performance hall. The building was named "Pangle Hall" in honor of <mask>' wife Janie Pangle <mask>. Lee University President Paul Conn

masks:
Jones
Jones
Jones
Allan Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones


title: Allan Jones (businessman)

texts:
 said Pangle Hall was only possible due to this donation. In 2017, <mask> made national headlines after he donated 43,000 pairs of eclipse-viewing sunglasses to students in six Tennessee school systems.The businessman said the donation was made to ensure students who wanted to view the solar eclipse did so only with safe, NASA-approved glasses. Tall Betsy

<mask> is credited with the creation of the legend of Tall Betsy, a Halloween cultural icon based in Bradley County. <mask> based the character on stories (local folklore) that were told to his mother, Virginia Slaughter <mask>, by her mother, Marie Schultz Slaughter. Virginia and other Cleveland children being raised during the 1930s were told by their parents that if they failed to come home before dark they would likely encounter Tall Betsy, sometimes called Black Betsy or simply "The Lady in Black." In 1993, <mask>' home on Centenary Avenue was the site of a Halloween world record. According to media reports, the <mask> family handed out 11,201 pieces of bubblegum from 5 pm to 8 pm. Tall Betsy last appeared in 1998 after drawing a Halloween crowd of 25,000, although no explanation was ever given for the goblin's disappearance.<mask> later told a reporter that while the goblin may have vanished, her spirit is embedded in the hearts and minds of the Cleveland residents who saw Tall Betsy during the eighteen years from 1980 to 1998. The 2005 Block Party was dedicated in honor of Tall Betsy's 25th anniversary. The Block Party drew the largest crowd in the event's history. <mask> arranged for nationally recognized celebrities such as the cast of Leave It To Beaver and Little Richard to entertain the more than 30,000 attendees. The Tennessee General Assembly declared Tall Betsy the official Halloween goblin of Bradley County in 1989. In 2011 the character was the subject of a documentary film. In 2014, <mask>' son, Bailey, assumed the identity of Tall Betsy and has appeared as the goblin each year at Halloween.Criticism and controversy

<mask>' company Check Into Cash has received criticism for its high interest rates and for harming its customers. Most believe that payday loans target those of low-income. The

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones


title: Allan Jones (businessman)

texts:
 April 28, 2010, episode of MSNBC's The Rachel Maddow Show, had a segment about the payday loan industry. Maddow criticized <mask> for charging people high interest rates. In a 2010 interview with The Huffington Post, when asked about the lack of diversity in his hometown of Cleveland, <mask> allegedly said, "We have just enough blacks to put together a decent basketball team — but not so many the good people of Cleveland, Tennessee need to worry about crime. That's why I can leave my keys in the car with the door unlocked". He noted that many of his company managers and friends are African Americans.The article cited an anonymous source who claimed some company employees referred to a black man who shines shoes as the "Little Chocolate Man" although no source for the comment was ever provided. Also in that interview, a former employee of <mask>' company stated that <mask>' barber shop was successful because of "female barbers with big titties." <mask> denied ever making the statements to numerous media outlets and claimed he was misquoted, stating "I gave generously of my time…to assist in the preparation for writing a book, purported to fairly represent the credit needs of the middle income working population and the markets that serve them. Unfortunately, (the author) has chosen to rearrange some of my remarks to draw incorrect conclusions regarding my personal views and beliefs." Legal issues
<mask> was indicted on federal charges of wiretapping in 1975 after he placed a recording device on his first wife's telephone in October 1974 after she had been granted a restraining order against him. He allegedly did so to determine if she was having an extramarital affair, which she reportedly was. The restraining order was dissolved immediately by the judge quickly after it had been issued.<mask> reportedly used information from the recordings to obtain a divorce. His indictment was dismissed by the local district court before <mask> could go to trial, and this dismissal was subsequently upheld by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in 1976. The legality of <mask>' payday loan model was challenged shortly after Check into Cash was founded. Initially

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones


title: Allan Jones (businessman)

texts:
 <mask> and other payday lenders claimed that the fee charged did not constitute interest, and therefore did not violate laws capping a maximum interest on loans, which runs contrary to multiple federal laws. In 1997 Check Into Cash was sued in a class-action lawsuit by two Cleveland attorneys, representing multiple customers, alleging violation of the Truth in Lending Act and Fair Debt Collection Act, as well as other illegal practices. Check Into Cash eventually settled the case by paying $2.2 million to the class and $500,000 in attorneys' fees. <mask> then began lobbying the legislatures in multiple states to change laws which place caps on interest, which led to the passage of multiple acts including the Tennessee Deferred Presentment Services Act by the Tennessee General Assembly, which permits payday lending with some restrictions.This act considers the fee to borrow money from a payday lender not to be interest, stating "the fee, when made and collected, shall not be deemed interest for any purpose of law." Personal life

<mask>' residence is called Creekridge and is located on 400 acres north of Cleveland. It consists of a more than $5 million house constructed between 2003 and 2009, as well as a football field, horse stables, a greenhouse and a classic car collection. It is located near the residence of fellow businessman Forrest Preston. <mask> previously lived in the Centenary Avenue Historic District in downtown Cleveland. Politically, <mask> has been an Independent, and has donated to the campaigns of both Democratic and Republican politicians, but his views are characterized to be right-leaning and fiscally conservative. <mask> supported Donald Trump in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election.A few days after the inauguration of President Trump, <mask> stated in an interview with Fox & Friends that he was "tired of Presidents who were politicians" and believed that small businesses would benefit from Trump's policies. See also
 Toby McKenzie

References

External links
 Official website

American chief executives of financial services companies
Businesspeople from Tennessee
Philanthropists from Tennessee
Living people
People from Cleveland,

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones


title: Gotlib

texts:
Marcel Gottlieb (14 July 1934 – 4 December 2016), known professionally as <mask>, was a French comics artist/writer and publisher. Through his own work and the magazines he co-founded, L'Écho des savanes and Fluide Glacial, he was a key figure in the switch in French-language comics from their children's entertainment roots to an adult tone and readership. His most relevant works include Rubrique-à-Brac, Rhâââââ-Lovely (its legacy include a music festival in Belgium named after the series, the Rhaaa-Lovely festival, in Namur), as well as Rhâââââ-gnagna, Gai-Luron, and Superdupont. Biography

Youth
Marcel Gottlieb was born on 14 July 1934 in Paris to parents of Romanian and Hungarian Jewish descent. His father, Ervin, was a house painter and his mother, Regine, a seamstress. In 1942 his father was deported and died at Buchenwald after their building's concierge obligingly helped policemen to find him, a scene which made a strong impression on young Marcel. His mother sent him to hide for the rest of the war on a farm, where he was poorly treated.Vaillant and Pilote
At 17, he left school to work for a pharmaceutical agency while taking art classes in the evening. This led to a job as a letterer at Opera Mundi, a French publisher which translated and published US strips. After his 28-month military service, Gotlib settled as a freelance letterer and illustrator. His first comics were accepted by Vaillant, a magazine for children later renamed Pif-Gadget. His one long-running series at Vaillant started as Nanar, Jujube et Piette, which was renamed Nanar et Jujube then Gai-Luron  for the supporting character who had by then taken centre stage. Gai-Luron is a dog heavily influenced


title: Gotlib

texts:
 "Director of conscience" of Fluide Glacial.<mask> created two characters in Fluide Glacial: Superdupont with Jacques Lob and Pervers Pépère. Superdupont is a French, highly patriotic answer to US super-heroes who wears a vest and beret and fights a secret organisation called Anti-France. Gotlib mostly wrote or co-wrote Superdupont stories, though he drew a handful of them. The strip was successful enough to be made into a stage show by Jérôme Savary. Pervers Pépère is a stereotypical mac-sporting dirty old man who appeared in one-page stories. In the 1980s, he increasingly focused on running Fluide Glacial — in which he also wrote a column — and gradually withdrew from cartooning. However, he resuscitated Gai-Luron in 1986 when the back-catalogue was re-published by Audie and needed promoting; he drew enough new stories for a final album, La Bataille Navale.Later years
In 1991, Gotlib received the Angoulême Festival Grand Prix and, as per tradition, chaired the jury of the next year's festival. In 1993, he wrote an autobiography, J'existe, je me suis rencontré, focusing on his youth, and in 2006 a more thorough one with journalist Gilles Verlant: Ma Vie-en-Vrac. In 1995, having taken a back seat for a couple of years, Diament and Gotlib sold Fluide Glacial and Audie to publisher Flammarion and relinquished responsibilities, though Gotlib continued his column for some time. Fluide Glacial remains profitable and has outlived all its competitors such as Vaillant/Pif, Pilote and the Hara-Kiri stable. Graphic style
Gotlib's first series were made in a very humoristic tone. Each story consisted of two to four strips drawn in white and black. Rubrique-à-Brac and Les Dingodossiers


title: Emment Kapengwe

texts:
<mask> (27 April 1943 – 17 September 1988) was one of Zambia's leading footballers in the '60s and he represented the country at independence in October 1964. He was Kitwe United's key player and among the first Zambians to play professional football abroad when he was signed by Atlanta Chiefs in the United States of America in 1967 together with Howard Mwikuta and Freddie Mwila. Two years later, he became the first Zambian to play for English club when he moved to Aston Villa together with Mwila. Early years
Kapengwe was born in Broken Hill in 1943. He lost his father at an early age but his mother got married again to Mr. Njalili Kapengwe whose surname young <mask> adopted. He first went to the Catholic School in Broken Hill from 1949 to 1951 and when his father joined the mines on the Copperbelt, the family moved to Kitwe where he got interested in football and like many of Zambia's soccer stars, learned the game the hard way. Due to lack of facilities, Kapengwe and his friends used to play on a bare ground at Bwafwano community centre in Kamitondo Township with tennis balls and home-made footballs.In 1956, his father was transferred to Bancroft (Chililabombwe) and so began Kapengwe's induction in organised sport. Playing career
Kapengwe first played in goal for amateur side Kitwe Boma Tigers in 1957 together with some great names of that time such as Protasio Makofi and Adriano Musa. At the same time, he did a bit of boxing at Chililabombwe Welfare Hall but he soon settled on football as his hobby. He featured prominently for Tigers and alternated between the goal and the right wing, gaining vast experience by playing with, and against players like Samuel 'Zoom' Ndhlovu, Willie Chifita and Ginger Pensulo. Of all these, Kapengwe idolised Pensulo and would always try to imitate his style. He absorbed all he saw while in action and developed into such a good footballer that he was soon at the centre of a tug-of-war between two Kitwe clubs: the Tigers and the Lions. Kapengwe was keen on joining Lions as they

masks:
Emment Kapengwe
Emment


title: John M. Allegro

texts:
<mask> (17 February 1923 – 17 February 1988) was an English archaeologist and Dead Sea Scrolls scholar. He was a populariser of the Dead Sea Scrolls through his books and radio broadcasts. He was the editor of some of the most famous and controversial scrolls published, the pesharim. A number of <mask>'s later books, including The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross, brought him both popular fame and notoriety, and also destroyed his career. Early life and training
<mask> was born in 1923, son of <mask> and <mask> (nee Perry). <mask> went through Wallington County Grammar School in 1939. He joined the Royal Navy, serving during World War Two.After the war he began training for the Methodist ministry, but found that he was more interested in Hebrew and Greek, so he went to study at Manchester University with fees paid by government grant due to his military service. <mask> received his Honours degree in Oriental Studies at the University of Manchester in 1951. This was followed in 1952 by a master's degree under supervision of H. H. Rowley. While engaged in further research in Hebrew dialects at Oxford under Godfrey Driver in 1953, <mask> was invited by Gerald Lankester Harding to join the team of scholars working on the Dead Sea Scrolls in Jerusalem, where he spent one year working on the scrolls. He became a lecturer in Comparative Semitic Philology in Manchester in 1954. The Copper Scroll
It was on <mask>'s recommendation in 1955 that the Copper Scroll was sent by the Jordanian government to Manchester University in order for it to be cut into sections, allowing the text to be read. He was present during the cutting process in 1956 and later made a preliminary transcription of the text, which he soon translated, sending copies of his work back to Gerald Lankester Harding in Jordan.Although <mask> had been first to translate the Copper Scroll, the text was assigned for editing to J.T. <mask> by Roland de Vaux, the editor in

masks:
John Marco Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
John Allegro
Mabel
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
Milik


title: John M. Allegro

texts:
 chief of the scrolls. While he was in England he made a series of radio broadcasts on BBC Radio aimed at popularising the scrolls, in which he announced that the leader discussed in the scrolls may have been crucified. He posited that the Teacher of Righteousness had been martyred and crucified by Alexander Jannaeus, and that his followers believed he would reappear at the End time as <mask>, based on Qumran document Commentary on Nahum 1.4–9 (a position that he re-iterated in 1986). His colleagues in Jerusalem immediately responded with a letter to the Times on 16 March 1956 refuting his claim. The letter concluded,

"It is our conviction that either he [<mask>] has misread the texts or he has built up a chain of conjectures which the materials do not support." One result of this letter seemed to be that his appointment at Manchester was not to be renewed.However, in July after several uneasy months the appointment was renewed. <mask> was asked a number of times by the Jordanian Director of Antiquities if he would publish the text of the Copper Scroll. After a few years of waiting for <mask>'s publication of the scroll, <mask> succumbed and set about publishing the text. His book, The Treasure of the Copper Scroll, was released in 1960, while the official publication had to wait another two years. Although several of his readings in the text are acknowledged, <mask>'s book was disparaged by his colleagues. He believed that the treasure in the scroll was real—a view now held by most scholars—and led an expedition to attempt to find items mentioned in the scroll, though without success. During this period <mask> also published two popular books on the Dead Sea scrolls, The Dead Sea Scrolls (1956) and The People of the Dead Sea Scrolls (1958).He was keen to photograph the site of Qumran and various texts, providing an important source of information for posterity. Publishing the Pesharim
Allegro was entrusted with the

masks: Messiah Allegro Allegro Milik Allegro Allegro Allegro


title: John M. Allegro

texts:
 publication of 4Q158–4Q186, a collection of fragments which mainly contained exemplars of a unique kind of commentary on biblical works known as pesharim. He believed that it was necessary to get these works out as quickly as possible and published several preliminary editions in learned journals during the late 1950s. He told de Vaux that he could have his share of the texts ready in 1960, but due to hold ups had to wait until 1968 for his volume, Discoveries in the Judaean Desert of Jordan V: 4Q158–4Q186, to be published. He reworked his material in 1966 with the assistance of a Manchester colleague, Arnold Anderson, before publication. He stated in the volume that

"it has been my practice to offer no more than the basic essentials of photographs, transliteration, translation of non-biblical passages where this might serve some useful interpretative purpose, and the minimum of textual notes." <mask> published a severe critique of the volume, "Notes en Marge du volume V des 'Discoveries in the Judean Desert of Jordan'" in Revue de Qumran.Allegro's minimalist approach has received widespread scorn in the scholarly world, which nevertheless had the opportunity to analyse the Allegro texts for decades while waiting for other editors to publish their allotments. The first part of Strugnell's allotment was published in 1994. Change of direction
As early as 1956 Allegro held controversial views regarding the content of the scrolls, stating in a letter to de Vaux, "It's a pity that you and your friends cannot conceive of anything written about Christianity without trying to grind some ecclesiastical or non-ecclesiastical axe." The bulk of his work on the Dead Sea Scrolls was done by 1960 and he was at odds with his scrolls colleagues. When a conflict broke out with H.H. Rowley concerning Allegro's interpretation of the scrolls, Allegro, on the invitation of F.F. Bruce, moved from the Department of Near East Studies in the


title: John M. Allegro

texts:
 Faculty of Arts at Manchester to the Faculty of Theology.It was during his stay in Theology that he wrote his controversial book, The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross, whose subtitle was "A Study of the Nature and Origins of Christianity within the Fertility Cults of the Ancient Near East". Apparently realising the impact this book would have, <mask> resigned his post at Manchester. The Sacred Mushroom and Christian Myth

<mask>'s book The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross (1970) argued that Christianity began as a shamanistic cult. In his books The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross and The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Christian Myth (1979), <mask> put forward the theory that stories of early Christianity originated in an Essene clandestine cult centred around the use of psychedelic mushrooms, and that the New Testament is the coded record of this shamanistic cult. <mask> further argued that the authors of the Christian gospels did not understand the Essene thought. When writing down the Gospels based on the stories they had heard, the evangelists confused the meaning of the scrolls. In this way, according to <mask>, the Christian tradition is based on a misunderstanding of the scrolls.He also argued that the story of Jesus was based on the crucifixion of the Teacher of Righteousness in the scrolls. <mask> writes that <mask> suggested the Dead Sea Scrolls all but proved that a historical Jesus never existed. <mask> argued that Jesus in the Gospels was in fact a code for a type of hallucinogen, the Amanita muscaria, and that Christianity was the product of an ancient "sex-and-mushroom" cult. Critical reaction was swift and harsh: fourteen British scholars (including <mask>'s mentor at Oxford, Godfrey Driver) denounced it. Sidnie White Crawford wrote of the publication of Sacred Mushroom, "Rightly or wrongly, <mask> would never be taken seriously as a scholar again." <mask>'s theory of a shamanistic cult as the origin of Christianity

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Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
Mark Hall
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro


title: John M. Allegro

texts:
 was criticised sharply by Welsh historian Philip Jenkins who wrote that <mask> was an eccentric scholar who relied on texts that did not exist in quite the form he was citing them. Jenkins called the Sacred Mushroom and the Cross "possibly the single most ludicrous book on Jesus scholarship by a qualified academic".Based on the reactions to the book, Allegro's publisher later apologized for issuing the book and <mask> was forced to resign his academic post. A 2006 article by <mask> discussing <mask>'s work called for his theories to be re-evaluated by the mainstream. In November 2009 The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross was reprinted in a 40th anniversary edition with a 30-page addendum by Carl Ruck of Boston University. Personal life and death
<mask> married in 1948 Joan Lawrence by whom he had a son and a daughter. In 1982 he was living in Ballasalla on the Isle of Man before returning to live in England. In 1988 he died of a heart attack on his 65th birthday in his home in Sandbach, Cheshire. Works
Among <mask>'s works are the following:

His scholarly journal articles include:

An undated play 'The Lively Oracles' (with Roy Plomley).See also
Astrotheology

References

Further reading
 Judith Anne Brown: <mask> <mask>: The Maverick of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 2005. External links
 The Official website of <mask> Allegro
 <mask> <mask> and the Christian Myth by Judith Anne Brown
 Obituary: Skeptic Tank Text Archive File
 <mask> Allegro entry in historical sourcebook by <mask> H. Smith

1923 births
1988 deaths
Writers from London
Academics of the Victoria University of Manchester
Alumni of the Victoria University of Manchester
British archaeologists
Dead Sea Scrolls
English people of Italian descent
Christ myth theory proponents
Royal Navy personnel of World War II
20th-century archaeologists
20th-century English writers
20th-century English male writers
People from

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Allegro
Allegro
Michael Hoffman
Allegro
Allegro
Allegro
John Marco
Allegro
John Marco
John Marco
Allegro
John Marco
Mahlon


title: Samantha Bricio

texts:
<mask> (born November 22, 1994) is a Mexican volleyball professional  player, the youngest player to play for the Mexico national team in its history. <mask> played in the 2009 FIVB Girls Youth World Championship (finishing ninth) and again in 2011, finishing twelfth. She received the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games Best Scorer and Best Server awards and the Best Scorer award in the 2011 Youth Pan-American Cup, 2011 Junior Pan-American Cup and the 2013 Pan-American Cup. Personal life
<mask>,  tall and weighing , was born on November 22, 1994 in Guadalajara, Jalisco and attended Preparatoria de Universidad del Valle de Atemajac de Guadalajara High School in Guadalajara. <mask>'s brother, Irving Alberto José, was a member of the Mexico senior national team who won the 2007 Pan-American Cup and winner of the top Mexican sports award (the Luchador Olmeca). <mask> received Bachelor's Degree in Psychology in 2016 from University of Southern California. Career

2008
After winning the gold medal in the Mexican National Games (Olimpiada Nacional) in the 13–14-year-old category, <mask> won the silver in the NORCECA U-18 Championship and qualified for the 2009 U-18 World Championships.She placed sixth with her national junior team in the 2008 NORCECA U-20 Championship, winning the Rising Star award for her performance at such a young age. 2009
<mask> played in the 2009 FIVB Girls Youth World Championship at Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand as the team's youngest competitor, age 14. Her team made the second round for the first time, finishing ninth. <mask>'s performance attracted the interest of the Mexican Volleyball Federation for the 2011 Pan American Games and the 2012 Olympics. At the end of  the year, <mask> and her brother Irving received

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Samantha Bricio
Bricio
Bricio
Bricio
Bricio
Bricio
Bricio
Bricio
Bricio


title: Samantha Bricio

texts:
 an award from the Guadalajara city council. 2010
She played in the Guadalajara Volleyball Festival as a junior before the National Games. <mask> then played for Mexico's youth volleyball team, winning a silver medal as Most Valuable Player in the NORCECA Youth Championship and qualifying for the 2011 Girls Youth World Championship.During her first international games with the senior team at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games, she won the Best Scorer and Best Server awards as Mexico finished fifth. At age 15, <mask> was the youngest player ever on the Mexico national team. She later won the Private High Schools National Championship with Preparatoria de Universidad del Valle de Atemajac de Guadalajara. <mask> received the Medal of Sporting Merit from the Guadalajara city council for her achievements in the NORCECA Continental Championship and the Central American and Caribbean Games, and won an athletic scholarship. 2011
In March, <mask> helped Jalisco (her regional team) to qualify for the National Games. Playing again with Mexico's junior team in the first Junior Pan-American Cup, she contributed to the team's fourth-place finish and received the Best Scorer award. <mask> later played in the first Girls' Youth Pan-American Cup, winning a silver medal and the Best Scorer award.She played in the High Performance championship in Tucson, Arizona, and was scouted by several colleges before deciding to attend the University of Southern California. <mask> represented Mexico at the 2011 Girls Youth World Championship, where her team finished twelfth after a 0-3 loss to Italy. She and several teammates joined the National Junior Olympic Program to develop players for the 2011 Pan American Games and the 2014 Central American and

masks: Bricio Bricio Bricio Bricio Bricio Bricio