title: Martha Hughes Cannon

texts:
 apart for medical studies and practice by the LDS Church. President John Taylor and his counselor George Q<mask> set them apart. The other three women were Romania B. Pratt, Ellis R. Shipp, and Maggie Shipp. Pratt and Ellis Shipp had already received their medical degrees while Maggie Shipp and <mask> were heading out to earn theirs.Ellis R. Shipp and Maggie Shipp were plural wives of Milford Shipp. Maggie had been watching Ellis's children in the Utah Territory while Ellis earned her MD. Now as <mask> was heading to the University of Michigan for her MD, Maggie was taking her turn to become a doctor as well. <mask> started at the University of Michigan in the autumn of 1878. With limited funds, she spent her first year working in the student dormitories. During <mask>' second year she worked as a secretary for another student, Bethenia Owens-Adair. She graduated July 1, 1880, on her 23rd birthday.She briefly practiced medicine in Algonac, Michigan. In 1881 she moved to Philadelphia to take post-graduate courses at the Auxiliary Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania. <mask> was the only women out of 75 students. Additionally, <mask> took night classes to learn more about pharmaceuticals and enrolled at the National School of Elocution and Oratory. In 1882 she earned a Bachelors of Science from the University of Pennsylvania and a bachelor's degree in Oratory (B.O.) at the National School of Elocution and Oratory. At 25 <mask> had earned four degrees.<mask> returned to Salt Lake City, Utah and opened a private practice in a new wing of her old home built by her step-father. Soon after, she was called by LDS Church leaders to become the resident physician for the newly founded Deseret Hospital in 1882. As the Deseret Hospital's paid physician, <mask> set up training classes for nurses and lectures on obstetrics. Plural marriage and exile
While working at the Deseret Hospital, <mask> met a Mormon polygamist, Angus Munn <mask>, who was

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title: Martha Hughes Cannon

type: original

texts: the superintendent of the new hospital and a local official of the LDS Church. Mormon polygamy was a hot topic in Utah Territory. To the Mormons polygamy was sacred but to the rest of the United States it was offensive. In 1882 the Edmunds Act was passed by Congress making polygamy a felony punishable by a $500 fine and five years in prison.When <mask> married in the Mormon temple to Angus on October 6, 1884, becoming the fourth of his six plural wives, the marriage was kept secret as it was a religious ceremony rather than a legally binding contract. <mask>'s mother knew nothing of the ceremony. Still, rumors of her marriage to Angus brought pressure to the Deseret Hospital. <mask> <mask> was called to testify before the court, but <mask> eluded federal officers. Angus was also called to testify and after a court hearing, was sent to jail. <mask> joined the Mormon "underground" seeking to avoid providing federal marshals with proof of her plural marriage to Angus. She also feared being forced to provide testimony against others, based on information gathered through her obstetrical practice.<mask> found that she was pregnant after Angus was sent to jail. She had her first child, Elizabeth Rachel, while in hiding and with Angus still in captivity. Evading warrants in 1886, she decided to visit her mother's relatives in Europe and chose to exile herself from Utah territory. Only a few days before her departure, Angus married his fifth wife, Maria Bennion, who was six months younger than <mask>. <mask> and her baby, Elizabeth, traveled to New York and then to Europe. <mask> first stayed with her uncle in Birmingham. However, Elizabeth grew sick and <mask>, fearing for her daughter's life, moved to Wolverton near Stratford-upon-Avon to stay with other relatives.During <mask>'s self-exile, her letters to Angus show increasing jealousy and resentment of his new wife. <mask> wrote to Angus about Elizabeth's improving health also adding, "perhaps at

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title: Martha Hughes Cannon

texts:
 this very moment you are basking in the smiles of your young Maria." In 1887 Angus married Johanna Danielson, while <mask> was exiled in Europe, unable to return to Utah for fear of having to testify. Later that year Angus's son, Lewis, traveled to England while waiting for a passport for Switzerland to proselytize. <mask> met him and together they toured Wales, Paris, and Switzerland. However, <mask> was increasingly homesick, and in December 1887 left Liverpool on the SS Arizona bound for New York. To her surprise, Angus met <mask> and Elizabeth as they arrived.Recently published correspondence between <mask> and her husband during this period provides a window into 19th-century polygamous life in Utah and also on "the underground" just prior to the practice's abolition. It was a time when many polygamous families went into hiding to avoid legal pressures which threatened to sever polygamous families. As a suffragist

The Edmunds–Tucker Act was passed while <mask> was in exile. In an effort to limit Mormon religious leadership in government, the act disenfranchised women of the Utah territory who had been voting in elections since 1870. The women of Utah territory had previously enjoyed voting rights, and they began to rally together to fight for suffrage. After <mask> returned she became a leader in the Utah Women's Suffrage Association, giving speeches in Utah and traveling to suffrage conferences with Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. At the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, <mask> <mask> was featured as a speaker of the Women's Congress.She then traveled to Washington D.C. to give a status report to a congressional committee on women's suffrage work in Utah. In her fight for women suffrage, <mask> felt that education, freedom, and purpose were vitally important for mothers, stating:

She defended polygamy, believing wives in a polygamous marriage may in fact have more freedom than a monogamous marriage stating that if a

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Cannon
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title: Martha Hughes Cannon

texts:
 husband had more than one wife, that wife had freedom in the weeks her husband was away visiting his other wives. In February 1927, three decades after becoming the first women state senator of the United States, <mask> attended the 30th annual convention of the American Woman Suffrage Association in Washington D.C. Political career

After 1888, <mask> resumed her Salt Lake medical practice and taught nursing courses through a school established at Deseret Hospital. By 1896, a suffrage clause in the new state constitution had restored the right to vote to Utah women. In a heavily publicized election, <mask> was one of five Democrats running as "at large" candidates for state senator from Salt Lake County. Suffrage activist Emmeline B.Wells and <mask>'s husband Angus were among the Republicans running for the office. The five candidates with the largest quantity of votes were elected. On November 3, 1896, <mask> <mask> became the first woman elected as a state senator in the United States with 10,288 votes while her husband only received 8,054 votes. The couple reported that no relationship issues were produced from the election. <mask> introduced three bills in her first month in state senate. In consequence of her bill, an Act Providing for Compulsory Education of Deaf, Dumb, and Blind Citizens, Governor Heber Wells appointed <mask> to the board of directors for the school for the Deaf and Dumb. During her second term as State Senator, she drafted a bill for the building of a hospital at the Deaf and Dumb school.Her second bill was an Act to Protect the Health of Women and Girl Employees. The bill protected women and girls by requiring employers to give female employees something to rest on when they weren't serving customers. At the time nothing was provided and many female employees were left exhausted. Her last bill from her first month in office was an Act Creating a State Board of Health and Defining its Duties. <mask> also sponsored the

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title: Martha Hughes Cannon

texts: State's first pure food law. She fought against lobbyists trying to abolish the State Board of Public Examiners. The board was in charge of certifying the qualifications of doctors and midwives, preventing impersonators from potentially hurting patients.As a doctor, <mask> took personal interest in fighting against the lobbyists attempting to terminate an association that protected physicians. In 1898 at the invitation of officials of the National American Woman's Suffrage Association, two years after becoming the country's first woman state senator, <mask> spoke at the Seneca Falls 50th year celebration in Washington D.C. <mask> also testified before the U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary of the positive effects of women's franchise in Utah. Twenty-two years later, women's suffrage was added as the 19th amendment to the United States Constitution. During the second half of her term in Utah's state senate, <mask> set up a commission that provided for regulations regarding contagious disease. She was appointed to the Board of Health by Governor Heber Wells, staying in the position until December 31, 1903. <mask> attempted to prohibit children not vaccinated from attending school in case of a disease outbreak. The Board of Health sent out vaccines; however, the Deseret News spread information that vaccines weren't safe.LDS Church leaders were divided on the subject. One apostle, Brigham Young Jr. was very vocal in his opinions, writing in the Deseret News about the evils of vaccinations. The influence of the Deseret News and Mormon religious leaders limited how many people were willing to be vaccinated. Disease grew rampant in the state of Utah, and the smallpox epidemic of 1898–1899 closed an entire town in Sanpete County. The epidemic <mask> tried to prevent began to spread through the state. To mitigate the effects of disease, <mask> eliminated communal cups attached to water fountains in Salt Lake valley. <mask>'s third child was born at the

masks: Cannon Cannon Cannon Cannon Cannon Cannon Cannon Cannon


title: Martha Hughes Cannon

texts:
 close of her term and subsequently she did not run again for office.At the end of her term, Deseret News wrote, "In political conventions, her wit, rapid thinking, and knowledge made her capable of holding her own and of representing her sex most favorably." <mask> lost only one bill: an Act Providing for the Teaching in the Public Schools of the Effects of Alcoholic Drinks and Narcotics on the Human System

Last years, death, and legacy
After leaving the legislature, <mask> still served as a member of the Utah Board of Health and as a member of the board of the Utah State School for the Deaf and Dumb. In 1902 she became a member of the psychology section of the Medico-Legacy Society of New York. The society's main focus was tuberculosis. In 1904 <mask> moved to California with her children for health reasons and became the vice president of the National Congress of Tuberculosis. She also worked at the Selwyn Emmett Graves Memorial Dispensary. After her husband's death in 1915, <mask> settled near her son in Los Angeles, California where he built <mask> her own home.She died in Los Angeles on July 10, 1932. <mask>'s body was laid to rest at the Salt Lake City Cemetery next to her husband. In 1986 the new Utah Department of Health building was dedicated and named the <mask> <mask> health building in Salt Lake City. An eight-foot-high bronze statue of <mask> <mask> by Laura Lee Stay Bradshaw, dedicated in 1996, was housed in the Utah Capitol rotunda. Her grandson, Robert J<mask>, spoke at the dedication. After the Utah Capitol re-dedication in 2008, the bronze statue of <mask> was moved to the foyer of the Utah State Senate building on Utah Capitol Hill. There is also a bronze plaque honoring the "author of Utah sanitation laws" on a boulder next to a drinking fountain on the northeast corner of 200 West and South Temple.Since 1990, Utah officials have lobbied the U.S. Postal Service for a stamp in <mask>'s honor. In 2011 a group of students at

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Martha Hughes
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title: Martha Hughes Cannon

texts:
 Brigham Young University created a stage play and later a film about five strong females of faith, which included <mask> <mask>. In October 2015 legislators formed the <mask> <mask> caucus in an effort to encourage more women in Utah to participate in government. KUED produced an hour-long documentary on <mask> <mask>'s life. The Utah State Legislature voted in 2018 to send a statue of <mask> <mask> to the United States Capitol's National Statuary Hall in 2020, replacing the extant statue of inventor Philo Farnsworth. In popular culture
In 2020, Her Quiet Revolution, a historical fiction novel about Mattie's life and work by American author Marianne Monson, appeared in commemoration of the 100th anniversary of US women’s suffrage.See also
Cannon Family
Women's suffrage in Utah

Footnotes

Further reading
 Constance L. Lieber and John Sillito (eds. ), "Letters from Exile: The Correspondence of <mask> <mask> and Angus M<mask>, 1886–1888." Salt Lake City, UT: Signature Books, 1993. Patricia Lyn Scott and Linda Thatcher (eds. ), Women in Utah History: Paradigm or Paradox? Logan, UT: Utah State University Press, 2005. Dr. <mask>: The Life of a Pioneer Physician, Politician, and Polygamist by Mari Graña, Taylor Trade Publishing, 2015,

External links
 Information on <mask>'s statue at the Utah Capitol rotunda.<mask> Hughes Cannon Documentary produced by KUED

1857 births
1932 deaths
American women's rights activists
Burials at Salt Lake City Cemetery
<mask> family
Mormon pioneers
University of Michigan Medical School alumni
University of Pennsylvania alumni
University of Utah alumni
Utah Democrats
Utah state senators
Welsh emigrants to the United States
Welsh Latter Day Saints
Women state legislators in Utah
American suffragists
American women physicians
Physicians from Utah
People from Llandudno
19th-century American women politicians
19th-century American politicians
Utah suffrage
Activists from Utah
Mormon feminists
Harold B. Lee Library-related

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title: Charles Moore (city planner)

texts:
<mask> (1855-1942) was an American journalist, historian and city planner. Early life
He was born in Ypsilanti, Michigan, west of Detroit. He attended Phillips Academy Andover in Massachusetts and Harvard College (now University), where he studied under <mask>, Harvard’s first professor of art history. Norton emphasized the moral value of art and the equivalence of architecture with the other arts, and these ideas provided a lasting inspiration for <mask>. During his college years <mask> was editor of the Harvard Crimson and also wrote weekly columns for a couple of Detroit papers. Early career

After graduation from Harvard in 1878, <mask> spent ten years as a journalist in Detroit, eventually becoming Washington correspondent for the Detroit Evening Journal. He became acquainted with Detroit businessman and Republican politician James McMillan, and when McMillan was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1889, <mask> accompanied him to Washington as his personal secretary.McMillan was appointed chairman of the Senate Committee on the District of Columbia and, as clerk, <mask> drafted many committee reports outlining progressive policies to improve utilities, social services, transportation, and recreation in the city. In 1900 <mask> completed a Ph.D. in history at Columbian College (now George Washington University). McMillan Commission

In 1901, <mask> played a key role in securing passage of a bill to establish the Senate Park Commission, also known as the McMillan Commission, convened to formulate a plan for the future growth of Washington that would recapture the aims of the 1791 L’Enfant plan for the city and

masks:
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Charles Eliot Norton
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title: Charles Moore (city planner)

texts:
 create a monumental appearance for the National Mall. The commission was composed of four men—architects Daniel Burnham and <mask> McKim, sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens, and landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr.—all of whom had been intimately involved with the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition, in Chicago. The fair’s classical buildings embodied the ideals of the City Beautiful movement, a revival of classical architecture in the Victorian era as a means of encouraging civic betterment through unified groupings of buildings that integrated typically allegorical sculpture, painting, and landscape with architecture. Burnham had been the fair’s director and was currently president of the American Institute of Architects. <mask> served as the McMillan Commission’s secretary, and in the summer of 1901 accompanied the commission on a seven-week visit to European cities and estates that had influenced the L’Enfant Plan.With Olmsted, he wrote the 1901 Report of the Senate Park Commission, also known as the McMillan Report or McMillan Plan, still used as a template for the growth of Washington’s central area. <mask> promoted adoption of the plan as the legitimate successor to the L’Enfant Plan, sharing its principles concerning the reciprocal relation of key sites and the need for an overall unity. <mask> believed deeply in the symbolic importance of Washington as the capital of the nation. James McMillan died in 1902 and <mask> returned to Michigan the next year. He worked for more than a decade in various banks and businesses in Detroit and Boston. U.S. Commission of Fine Arts

In 1910, he was a founding

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title: Charles Moore (city planner)

texts:
 member of the Commission of Fine Arts (CFA), in Washington, a presidentially appointed federal commission of seven nationally recognized experts on the arts and architecture charged with overseeing design on federal property in the city; <mask> remained a member for almost 30 years, serving as chairman from 1915 to 1937. The first major project reviewed by the CFA was the Lincoln Memorial, which anchored the western end of the Mall and established its central design theme of national unity.During <mask>’s tenure the commission reviewed the design of the U.S. Supreme Court, the extension of the U.S. Capitol Grounds, the Federal Triangle complex, and the redesign of the Mall as a tree-lined greensward creating an unbroken vista between the U.S. Capitol and the Washington Monument. Through skillful maneuvers, <mask> ensured that the route of Arlington Memorial Bridge ran between the Lincoln Memorial and Arlington National Cemetery. As CFA chairman in the 1930s, <mask> witnessed the gradual waning of historically based classicism and its replacement by a historic modernism. After an epic battle over the appropriate form of the national memorial to Thomas Jefferson, <mask> resigned his chairmanship in September 1937 and retired to a son’s home in Washington state, where he died in 1942 at the age of 86. Other accomplishments

In addition to his work with the CFA, <mask> also served as director of the Detroit Museum of Art (1914–17) and as acting chief of the Manuscripts Division of the Library of Congress (1918–27). For the library, he acquired the papers of notable Americans, including Presidents Theodore Roosevelt

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title: Charles Moore (city planner)

texts:
 and William Howard Taft. <mask> was the author of numerous essays, articles, and histories, many related to city planning and architecture, and biographies of Daniel Burnham, <mask>, and George Washington.He was active in the restoration of Wakefield, George Washington’s birthplace in Virginia, and other activities marking the 1932 centennial of Washington’s birth. Associations

<mask> was a member of the American Academy in Rome, the National Conference on City Planning, the American Institute of Arts and Letters, and the Detroit City Plan and Improvement Commission, as well as the New York Architectural League and the Michigan Historical Commission. Affable and politically adroit, <mask> was a friend of presidents, including McKinley and Coolidge, and was skilled at working behind the scenes to gather support for the CFA’s planning goals. <mask> was a member of many private clubs, including the Cosmos Club in Washington and the Century Club in New York. During his long career he received numerous awards and honors, including honorary membership in the American Institute of Architects and the American Society of Landscape Architects, and he was named a Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor in 1924. He was married to Alice Williams Merriam from 1878 until her death in 1914. They had two sons.<mask>, Publications

"The Northwest under Three Flags" (1900)
"Report of the Senate Park Commission" (1901)
"Report on the Restoration of the White House" (1902)
"History of Michigan" (1915)
Editor, "Plan of Chicago", by Daniel H. Burnham and Edward H. Bennett (1919)
"A Life of Daniel H. Burnham, Architect and Planner of

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title: Charles Moore (city planner)

texts:
 Cities" (2 vols. ; 1921)
"The Family Life of George Washington" (1926)
"Life and Letters of <mask>ollen McKim" (1929)
"Washington Past and Present" (1929)
"Wakefield, Birthplace of George Washington" (1932)

References

Alan Lessoff. “The Early Career of <mask>.”  "Washington History" vol. 6 (Fall/Winter 1994-95):  64-80. C. Kelly Lohr. “<mask>, <mask>,” http://www.anb.org/articles/17/17-01486.html; American National Biography – Online February 2000. Thomas E. Luebke, ed."Civic Art:  A Centennial History of the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts" (Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Commission of Fine Arts, 2013):  Appendix B.

<mask>, obituary. "Washington Evening Star", September 26, 1942. <mask> Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress; papers relating to the Commission of Fine Arts in National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 66. Pamela Scott. <mask>, essay. In Luebke, ed., "Civic Art:  A Centennial History of the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts (Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Commission of Fine Arts, 2013):  84-93. Sally Kress Tompkins."A Quest for Grandeur:  <mask> and the Federal Triangle" (Washington, D.C.:  Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993). Footnotes

Burnham Kelly, biographical statement, 1979, vertical files, U.S. Commission of Fine Arts. Thomas E. Luebke, ed. “Civic Art:  A Centennial History of the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts” (Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Commission of Fine Arts, 2013):  Appendix B. “Who’s Who in America,” 1978. 1855 births
1942 deaths
American male journalists
American urban planners
The Harvard Crimson people
Phillips Academy alumni
People from Ypsilanti, Michigan
Historians from

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title: Emma Stebbins

texts:
<mask> (1 September 1815 - 25 October 1882) was an American sculptor and the first woman to receive a public art commission from New York City. She was best known for her work Angel of the Waters (1873), also known as Bethesda Fountain, located on the Bethesda Terrace in Central Park, New York. Biography

Early life
Stebbins was born on September 1, 1815 in New York City. She was the daughter of a wealthy banker, John L<mask> and Mary Largin. She was one of nine children and her family encouraged her interest in the arts. Life in Rome
In 1856, Stebbins’ brother, Henry G<mask>, encouraged her to travel to Rome to pursue sculpting. That May, Stebbins, her younger sister Caroline, and their mother traveled to Rome, where <mask> and Caroline settled.While Caroline married John Rollin Tilton, an American painter, in 1858, <mask> was welcomed into a society of expatriates by Harriet Hosmer, also an American sculptor. Hosmer introduced Stebbins to some of her future teachers including John Gibson and Paul Akers. One of the leading ladies of the expatriates in Rome was Charlotte Cushman, an American actress. Upon meeting Stebbins, Cushman took a special interest in both her work and in her affections. The pair quickly became a couple and within a year of meeting, the women exchanged unofficial vows and considered themselves married. As she had done for others before, Cushman used her influence to help secure commissions for Stebbins. Stebbins and Cushman's romance strained their relationship with Hosmer, who had once been the object of Cushman's

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title: Emma Stebbins

texts:
 affections and influence.In September 1857, <mask> and Charlotte returned the States so Cushman could recoup her savings, after her business manager embezzled funds. During Cushman's acting tour, Stebbins stayed with her family in New York. On July 6, Cushman gave her final performance and the couple sailed to England. Before returning to Rome in November 1858, the couple took a tour of the continent. Later years
<mask> and Cushman lived together for 12 years before returning to the United States after Cushman was diagnosed with breast cancer. Stebbins had stopped working in order to care for Cushman, until her death in 1876. Stebbins spent nearly the rest of her life writing Cushman's biography, Charlotte Cushman: Her Letters and Memories of Her Life, and died on October 25, 1882 from lung disease.She was buried in Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn. Works
Stebbins was a neoclassical sculptor and made about two dozen small-scale marble statues and two public works in bronze. Unlike the majority of her peers, Stebbins enjoyed making smaller pieces and liked to do all of her carving herself. In 1842, some of Stebbins’ work was featured at the National Academy of Design in New York. She was also nominated to be an associate member of the group, which was open to amateurs. However, Stebbins’ election was nullified after an unspecified breach in procedure. Her name was never resubmitted.In 1847, Stebbins’ submitted oil copies to be displayed at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. While Stebbins lived in Rome, she completed a number of statues

masks: Stebbins Stebbins


title: Emma Stebbins

texts:
 we know about Stebbins comes from her sister, <mask> Garland. After Stebbins’ death, Garland documented her sister's work in a scrapbook and wrote an unpublished biography, Notes on the Art Life of <mask>s. The scrapbook contained several photos of Stebbins’ work in chronological order, as well as pictures of Stebbins and those who had encouraged her, such as Cushman and Stebbins’ brother Henry. Angel of the Waters has been featured in many New York movies, such as Home Alone 2, Elf and Enchanted. In June 2019, The New York Times wrote an obituary for Stebbins as part of their Overlooked series. Stebbins’ obituary was added as a member of the LGBTQ community. Gallery

References

External links

 <mask>s and "Angel of the Waters"
 Bethesda Fountain by <mask>s
 <mask>s- to work as a sculptor
 The Complete Guide to New Yorks Central Park - Bethesda Fountain.<mask>, History of American Women

 Official Website Central Park: Angel of the Waters Fountain

 Entry for <mask>s on the Union List of Artist Names
 <mask> scrapbook, on microfilm, compiled by her sister <mask> Garland, at the Archives of American Art
 <mask>, full-length portrait, seated, facing right, looking at a book in her lap Charlotte S. Cushman papers,  Library of Congress

1815 births
1882 deaths
American women sculptors
Lesbian artists
LGBT artists from the United States
LGBT people from New York (state)
Artists from New York City
American expatriates in Italy
Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
19th-century American sculptors
19th-century American women artists
Sculptors from New

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Emma Cushman


title: Paul Hermann (composer)

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<mask> (Budapest, 27 March 1902 – unknown 1944), also known as <mask>, was a virtuoso cellist and composer. Career
<mask> was born in Budapest, Hungary, on 27 March 1902 and came from a Jewish family. About his early childhood not much more than an anecdote remains: he was only prepared to study for his piano lessons if for every étude he prepared, he would receive one cent. He studied at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music from 1915–1919 and developed close relationships, both musical and personal, with his teachers of composition Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, violinist Zoltán Székely, and pianists Géza Frid and Lili Kraus. At the Franz Liszt Academy of Music he studied cello under Adolf Schiffer and composition, first under Leo Weiner, who was also his teacher of chamber music. Already during his studies, <mask> was a frequent performer within and outside of the Liszt Academy. He started his international cello career at the age of 16, playing as a soloist music venues in Europe.<mask> felt that there was no need to finish his studies at the Liszt Academy. Among the works <mask> premiered or gave notable early performances of as a virtuoso cellist during the 1920s were Frank Bridge's cello sonata in 1927 with Harry Isaacs, and solo cello sonata by Arnold Schoenberg. <mask> taught cello and composition in the Musikschule Paul Hindemith Neukölln from 1929 to 1934. However, as the political climate in Berlin changed, most notably for Jews, and became more threatening, he decided to move first of all to Brussels from 1934–1937, and later to Paris from

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title: Paul Hermann (composer)

texts:
 1937 to 1939, and then on to the south of France. He was deported under the Vichy France régime in February 1944 from Toulouse to the internment camp of Drancy, and on 15 May 1944 he was sent to the Baltic States on the Drancy Convoy 73, and was not heard of again. Personal life

During the early years of his career, <mask> used to visit London for recitals and concerts and then would stay at the de Graaff-Bachiene family residence, owned by patrons of the arts. A story about one of these stays survives.<mask> and his friend Szoltan Zekely had entertained a large company of people in the De Graaff household in London in 1928, at the peak of their musical partnership, with a house recital. Later that evening, <mask> had been the centre of attention during the after-concert soirée that followed and had jokingly started to dance with his own cello in his arms. The people applauded and he continued to spin and dance until he fell and his cello broke to pieces. To bring the evening to a happy ending was their host Jaap de Graaff, patron and protector of the arts, who decided to buy a Gagliano cello for <mask>, and a Stradivarius violin for Zekely. On a visit to Holland around 1929, Jaap de Graaff suggested for his niece Ada Weevers, who lived in Amersfoort, to go and see <mask> perform in Amsterdam, and when they met, Ada and <mask> fell in love, despite their different cultures, nationalities and religions. The young couple moved to Berlin in 1930, and they had a daughter Corrie <mask> in 1932. Ada died after a drowning accident in the North Sea.As

masks: Hermann Hermann Hermann Hermann Hermann Hermann Hermann


title: Paul Hermann (composer)

texts:
 the political climate in Berlin for Jews became more and more threatening,  he decided to hide his daughter with his non-Jewish sister-in-law in The Netherlands. <mask> moved on to work in Brussels from 1934–1937, and in Paris in 1937-1939, under a false name, and then moved to the south of France where he was hidden in a farmhouse near Toulouse of the French branch of the Weevers family, where he composed three melodies for voice and piano (Ophélie, La Centure, Dormeuse) and a violin/cello sonata. The composition of Ophélie, based on the character of Prince Hamlet’s beloved Ophelia who drowns in a river, may have been inspired by the tragic drowning of <mask>’s wife. He found the solitude of his hidden life on the farm hard to cope with, having lost his wife and far away from his daughter, and used to go out to Toulouse from time to time to teach and socialize, accepting the risk of being discovered. Death
On one such visit to Toulouse, he was indeed picked up during a street razzia and transported to the Drancy concentration camp in spring 1944, and then onward to the Baltic States on the Drancy Convoy 73 on 15 May 1944, after which further traces of <mask> are missing. The Prins Bernhard Cultuurfonds set up the Paul Hermann Fonds in <mask>'s memory which offers scholarships to promising young cellists from the Franz Liszt Academy of Music. Compositions

<mask> left a small number of compositions, which are all now public domain in Europe.Grand Duo, pour violon et violoncelle (1929–30)
 Duo pour violon et violoncelle (1920, dédié a Zoltán

masks:
Hermann
Hermann
Hermann
Hermann
Paul Hermann


title: Paul Hermann (composer)

texts:
 Székely)
 Trio à cordes (1921)
 Toccata, pour piano (1936)
 Quatre Épigrammes, pour piano (1934)
 Trois mélodies sur des textes d'Arthur Rimbaud et de <mask>ry, extrait de Charmes (1934–39)
 "Ophélie"
 La Ceinture
 La Dormeuse

Recordings
No recordings of <mask> as an artist are known to survive, although he often performed recitals, or as a chamber musician with the Hungarian Quartet, with violinist Zoltán Székely and others. Of his concerts and recordings only the programs remain. <mask> was also heard on the radio, for example Wireless World 1937 records a broadcast of "Songs You Might Never Have Heard" with <mask> (cello) and John Ireland (piano). Recordings of compositions
<mask> Forbidden Music in World War II - Cello concerto, Grand Duo für Violine & Cello; Streichtrio; Klaviertrio; Lieder; 4 Epigrammes; Allegro für Klavier; Toccata für Klavier; Suite für Klavier. Performed by Clive Greensmith, Beth Nam, Burkhard Maiss, Bogdan Jianu, Hannah Strijbos, Andrei Banciu, with soprano Irene Maessen Etcetera, DDD, (2CD) 2017

Footnotes

References
<mask> (1902–1944)
Nous Sommes 900 Francais, Eve Line Blum-Cherchevsky, Besancon, , tome 7, pp 362–364
Székely and Bartók: the story of a friendship
Musique dans les Camps de Concentration
"Pal Hermann attended those ISCM concerts..."

1902 births
1944 deaths
Musicians from Budapest
Hungarian cellists
Hungarian composers
Hungarian male composers
Hungarian Jews who died in the Holocaust
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to France
Hungarian civilians killed in World War II
20th-century Hungarian male

masks:
Paul Valé
Hermann
Hermann
Paul Hermann
Paul Hermann
Paul Hermann


title: Nicolas Batum

texts:
<mask> (; born December 14, 1988) is a French professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is also a member of the French national team and earned a silver medal in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Early life
His father, Richard, of Cameroonian origin, was a professional basketball player in France. Richard died during a game in 1991 after suffering an aneurysm. <mask>, at only 2 1/2 years old, and his mother were in the crowd to witness Richard’s death. European career

Early years
As a youngster, <mask> was considered one of the most talented young players in Europe, as he was ranked #17 among international players born in 1988, by the scouting website DraftExpress.com at the time he entered the 2008 NBA draft. Batum was part of the junior French national team that won the 2004 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship.He was named the MVP of the 2006 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship, as France won the gold medal at that tournament. In 2006, <mask> was named the most valuable player of the Under-18 Albert Schweitzer Tournament in Mannheim, Germany, as part of the tournament-winning French national team. Batum averaged 19 points, over 5 rebounds, and over 2 steals per game, during the seven game tournament. French League

While playing for Le Mans, <mask> averaged 3.4 points (65.9% FG), 2.5 rebounds, 0.5 assist per game in 13 minutes for the 2006–2007 French league season, and 12.3 points (52.3%), 5.0 rebounds and 3.6 assists per game in 28 minutes for the 2007–2008 season. He delivered an impressive performance at the 2007 Nike Hoop Summit scoring 23 points (9/13 FG, 3/5 for 3 pointers) in 28 minutes. He also grabbed four rebounds and recorded four steals. In August 2011, during the 2011 NBA lockout, he signed a one-year

masks:
Nicolas Batum
Nicolas
Nicolas Batum
Batum
Batum


title: Nicolas Batum

texts:
 contract with SLUC Nancy in French Basketball League which was valid until the NBA lockout ended.NBA career

Portland Trail Blazers (2008–2015)

Upon being selected with the 25th pick in the 2008 NBA draft by the Houston Rockets, <mask> was traded to the Portland Trail Blazers for the rights to Darrell Arthur and Joey Dorsey. After coming off the bench for the first three games of his NBA career, <mask> moved into the starting lineup in place of Travis Outlaw in Portland's fourth game of the 2008–09 season, a 103–96 loss to the Utah Jazz. On March 13, 2009, <mask> recorded a season-high 20 points to go along with a clutch three-pointer with 29.9 seconds left, en route to a 109–100 victory over the New Jersey Nets. <mask> missed the first 45 games of the 2009–10 season due to torn cartilage in his right shoulder. He played in his first game of the season on January 25, 2010. <mask> scored more than 30 points for the first time with a 31-point performance (including 7 rebounds, 7 assists, and 3 steals) on February 27, 2010 against the Minnesota Timberwolves. On June 25, 2012, the Portland Trail Blazers extended a qualifying offer to Batum, making him a restricted free agent.Less than three weeks later <mask> signed a $46 million/4 year offer sheet with the Minnesota Timberwolves. On July 18, 2012, the Trail Blazers elected to match the Timberwolves' offer, signing <mask> to the team through the 2015–16 campaign. On November 16, 2012, <mask> tied a career-high of 35 points in a 119–117 overtime win against the Houston Rockets. This was followed exactly one month later by a game in which <mask> recorded the 15th "five-by-five" in the NBA since the 1985–86 season, and the first since Andrei Kirilenko in January 2006. In this effort <mask> scored 11 points while racking up 10 assists, 5

masks: Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum


title: Nicolas Batum

texts:
 rebounds, 5 blocks and 5 steals in a 95–94 win against the New Orleans Hornets. On January 21, 2013, <mask> recorded his first triple-double in a 98–95 loss to the Washington Wizards, scoring 12 points and adding 10 rebounds, and 11 assists, in addition to 3 steals and 2 blocks. <mask> had a career year in 2012–13, as he finished with career-highs in nearly every statistic.His biggest improvement was his passing; he averaged 4.9 assists, more than triple his previous career-high (1.5 assists per game during the 2010–11 season). Charlotte Hornets (2015–2020)
On June 24, 2015, <mask> was traded to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for Gerald Henderson, Jr. and Noah Vonleh. On August 1, 2015, <mask> played for Team Africa at the 2015 NBA Africa exhibition game. He made his debut for the Hornets in the team's season opener against the Miami Heat on October 28, recording 9 points and 6 rebounds in a 104–94 loss. On November 15, he scored a season-high 33 points in a 106–94 win over the Portland Trail Blazers. The following day, he was named Eastern Conference Player of the Week for games played Monday, November 9 through Sunday, November 15. It was the first career Player of the Week award for <mask>, who led the Hornets to a 3–1 record on the week.On December 9, he recorded his fifth career triple-double with 10 points, 11 rebounds and 11 assists in a 99–81 win over the Miami Heat. In early January, he missed four games with a right toe injury. Later that month, he missed three more games with the same injury. On March 29, he recorded his second triple-double of the season with 19 points, 12 rebounds and 12 assists in a 100–85 win over the Philadelphia 76ers. On April 20, <mask>'s first season with the Hornets came to an end after he suffered another injury, this time a sprained left ankle

masks: Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum


title: Nicolas Batum

texts:
 in Game 2 of the Hornets' first-round playoff series with the Miami Heat. On July 7, 2016, <mask> re-signed with the Hornets on a five-year, $120 million contract. On December 23, 2016, he recorded his first triple-double of the season with 20 points, 11 rebounds and 10 assists in a 103–91 win over the Chicago Bulls.On October 5, 2017, <mask> was ruled out for six to eight weeks with a tear of the ulnar collateral ligament in his left elbow. <mask> made his season debut on November 15, 2017, scoring 16 points in 32 minutes as a starter in a 115–107 loss to the Cleveland Cavaliers. A week later, <mask> left the Hornets' game against the Washington Wizards in the second quarter with a left elbow contusion and did not return. On January 31, 2018, he had 10 points, 11 rebounds and 10 assists in a 123–110 win over the Atlanta Hawks. On March 10, 2018, he recorded 29 points, 12 rebounds and seven assists in a 122–115 win over the Phoenix Suns. Five days later, he recorded a career-high 16 assists to go with 10 points and 10 rebounds in a 129–117 win over the Hawks. On October 24, 2019, <mask> was sidelined for two to three weeks due to an avulsion fracture on the third finger of his left hand.<mask> found out he was waived by the Hornets, on Twitter, on November 29, 2020. Los Angeles Clippers (2020–present)
On December 1, 2020, after clearing waivers, <mask> signed with the Los Angeles Clippers. In a game against the Brooklyn Nets, Batum had 21 points and 6 rebounds in a loss. On August 13, 2021, <mask> re-signed with the Clippers. Player profile
Lanky and agile, <mask> is regarded as a highly skilled defensive player and one of the NBA's best executors of the chase-down block. Growing up in Pont-l'Évêque, Normandy, the lanky Batum was among the tallest boys of his age group and began his

masks: Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum Batum


title: Nicolas Batum

texts:
 basketball career as a center. Inspiration had been drawn from NBA shot-blocking specialist Dikembe Mutombo, known for theatrically wagging his finger after rejections — an affectation which Batum emulated.<mask> noted in a 2013 interview with the Portland Oregonian that, as he got older, he was moved from the low post to the wing, where he was no longer able to make the face-up block, a signature component of his game. "I couldn't block it like I used to when I played inside, so when I would see a guy going down the court on a fast break, I used to run behind him and get the block". The chase-down block thus became a fundamental part of <mask>'s game and was a skill brought with him to the NBA. Through March 2013, only two players in the 2012–13 season who did not play center or power forward had performed more blocks than Batum — Josh Smith and Kevin Durant. On May 31, 2021, <mask> started for Los Angeles Clippers as a center of the lineup against Dallas Mavericks in game four of the 2021 NBA playoffs. National team career

2012 Summer Olympics
Batum played for the senior men's French national basketball team at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Late in a 66–59 quarterfinal loss to Spain, a frustrated Batum punched Spanish player Juan Carlos Navarro in the groin.After the game, <mask> said, "I wanted to give him a good reason to flop." <mask> later apologized on Twitter, writing, "I showed a bad image of France and myself. and the city of Portland Oregon. Congrats to team Spain." 2014 FIBA World Cup
<mask> was a member of the French national team that finished third-place in the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup, becoming the first French team to win a medal in a FIBA Basketball World Cup competition. In the final two games he averaged 31.0 points and was subsequently named to the all-tournament


title: Nicolas Batum

texts:
 team. 2020 Summer Olympics
<mask> blocked Klemen Prepelič at the last second of the 2020 Olympics semi final giving victory to France.France eventually lost the final 82–87 to the United States. Rudy Gobert stated that <mask>'s game-saving play was one of the best blocks he had ever seen. His block was ranked as one the unforgettable moments of the 2020 Summer Olympics. Richard died during a game in 1991 after suffering an aneurysm. <mask>, at only 2 1/2 years old, and his mother were in the crowd to witness Richard’s death. Batum has a younger sister named Pauline. In March 2017, Batum became a shareholder in Infinity Nine Sports, the company owned by Tony Parker, which runs French basketball club ASVEL Basket, and took over the position as director of basketball operations at ASVEL.See also
 List of European basketball players in the United States

References

External links

 <mask> at euroleague.net
 <mask> at fiba.com

1988 births
Living people
2010 FIBA World Championship players
2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup players
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup players
Basketball players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Basketball players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Basketball players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Black French sportspeople
Charlotte Hornets players
French expatriate basketball people in the United States
French men's basketball players
French sportspeople of Cameroonian descent
Houston Rockets draft picks
Le Mans Sarthe Basket players
Los Angeles Clippers players
Medalists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
National Basketball Association players from France
Olympic basketball players of France
Olympic medalists in basketball
Olympic silver medalists for France
People from Lisieux
Portland Trail Blazers players
Shooting guards
SLUC Nancy Basket players
Small forwards
Sportspeople from

masks:
Batum
Batum
Nicolas
Nicolas Batum
Nicolas Batum


title: William T. Greenough

texts:
<mask> (October 11, 1944 – December 18, 2013) was a professor of psychology at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. <mask> was a pioneer in studies of neural development and brain plasticity. He studied learning and memory and the brain's responses to environmental enrichment, exercise,  injury, and aging. He demonstrated that the brain continues to form new synaptic connections between nerve cells throughout life in  response to environmental enrichment and  learning. This mechanism is fundamental to learning and memory storage in the brain. <mask> is regarded as the predominant researcher in this area and has been described as "one of the towering figures in neuroscience". Early life and education
<mask> was born in Seattle, Washington, on October 10, 1944.He later lived in Gearhart, Oregon and Seaside, Oregon. In 1964, at age 19, he completed an undergraduate degree in psychology at the University of Oregon. He earned his master's degree from the  University of California, Los Angeles in 1966 and his Ph.D. in psychology at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1969. His thesis title was Pharmacological and Biochemical Studies on Learning Performance as a Function of Post-Weaning Environment in Rats. <mask> then joined the faculty at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign as an assistant professor, becoming a full professor in 1978. He chaired the psychology committee that helped to form the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at Illinois and became one of the Beckman Institute's first two half-time associate directors in the fall of 1987. He served as director of the Beckman Institute's Neuroscience Program from 1997–2000.In 1998, <mask> was appointed to the Swanlund Endowed Chair in psychology. During his career, <mask> held a broad range of faculty appointments including psychology, psychiatry, bioengineering, cell and structural biology, and molecular and integrative physiology. He became interim director of

masks:
William Tallant Greenough
Greenough
Greenough
William Greenough
Career Greenough
Greenough
Greenough


title: William T. Greenough

texts:
 the Center for Advanced Study in 2000, and was appointed  its director in 2001. He retired in 2009, becoming professor emeritus. <mask> was also active nationally, and lobbied the United States Congress to support academic research. In 2007,  he co-edited Defining values for research and technology : the university's changing role, based on a lecture series that began at Illinois in 2000. The book examines the history of research funding at American universities and the ways in which federal policy had changed.A shift from public to private sources of funding caused new challenges for universities, financially, strategically, and ethically. Research
Prior to <mask>'s work, the prevalent belief was that the structure of the brain was determined very early in life and did not change substantially other than to degenerate as a result of damage due to injury, illness, or aging. It was believed that synapses were formed early in brain development, and that once the initial structure of the brain was formed, no further synapse formation occurred. The brain was believed to be an anatomically static structure and memories were believed to result from synaptic activity within a fixed nervous system. According to this view, what you were born with determined your potential for the rest of your life. This view of brain structure, neural activity, and learning was completely overturned by <mask>'s research. <mask> initially worked with mice and rat models, later studying primates and humans.His studies demonstrated that fundamental physical changes occurred in neurons in the brain in response to stimulating environments. At the most basic cellular level, the brains of rats that lived in stimulating environments developed more synapses than those that did not. He went on to demonstrate that new synapses were formed as a result of activities that involved learning, not just increased activity. Moreover, changes occurred in areas of the brain that were associated with the

masks: Greenough Greenough Greenough Greenough


title: William T. Greenough

texts: performance of specific learned tasks. Observed changes in learning, memory, and synapse formation persisted after training. Learning and memory formation were therefore fundamentally related to ongoing synapse formation. The result of <mask>'s work has been a new model of brain 'plasticity' in which long-term memories are formed at a structural level in the brain as part of lifelong processes of learning.<mask> went on to study the mechanisms by which such changes occur. He has carried out pioneering studies of synaptic mechanisms in the developing brain and endocrine modulation during brain development. He has integrated theories of developmental and adult learning into a unified model. According to this model, synapses are produced early in development that are experience-expectant. They are believed to incorporate environmental aspects  that have been encountered reliably as the species has evolved. Such synapses have developed to collect types of information relevant to the ordinary experience of creatures of a species. In contrast, synapses developing later in life are described as experience-dependent, and are believed to form in response to experiences that result in memories.In addition to neurons, <mask> has reported sensitivity to experience in astrocytes and vasculature, studying processes within the brain including angiogenesis, myelination, the hypertrophy of astrocytic glial cells and the astrocyte ensheathment of neurons. Another researcher describes these processes as "cellular transactions that drive coordinated structural changes in neurons, glia, and blood vessels", essential to understanding the working of long-term memory. By studying Fragile X syndrome, which is the  most common form of mental retardation to be genetically inherited, as well as other genetic conditions, <mask> has learned about how the brain can malfunction as well as function. Studies of mice with Fragile X syndrome link the condition to the absence of the protein


title: William T. Greenough

texts:
 FMRP. <mask>'s lab identifies FMRP as a regulator protein affecting between 80 and 200 other proteins in the brain. In summary, <mask>'s central contribution was the demonstration that brain development is influenced throughout life by factors such as the environment, exercise and lifelong learning. <mask> used and sometimes introduced a variety of techniques to study neuroanatomy and neural plasticity, including light microscopy, electron microscopy, electrophysiological studies and molecular approaches.<mask>'s work is influential in developmental psychology, studies of brain aging and brain damage, learning and memory, neurology, psychiatry, and audiology. Awards and honors
 Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2006
 Fellow, American Psychological Association (APA), 1993
 Member, National Academy of Sciences, elected 1992
 Fellow, American Psychological Society (APS, now the Association for Psychological Science), 1990
 Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 1985
 Award for Distinguished Scientific Contribution, Society for Research in Child Development, 2003
 Distinguished Scientific Contribution award, American Psychological Association, 1998/1999
 Fragile X Foundation <mask> Rosen Award for Outstanding Research, 1998
 William James Fellow Award, Association for Psychological Science, 1996
 Oakley-Kunde Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Education, 1997
 MERIT Award, National Institute of Mental Health, 1989
 University Scholar of the University of Illinois, 1985–1988

Death
<mask> suffered from Lewy body dementia and died on December 18, 2013, in Seattle, Washington. References

External links

 <mask>. <mask> Papers, 1968–2010 | University of Illinois Archives

1944 births
2013 deaths
Educators from Seattle
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
University of Oregon alumni
20th-century American scientists
American psychologists
American neuroscientists
Scientists from Seattle
People from Clatsop County,

masks:
Greenough
Greenough
Greenough
Greenough
William
Greenough
William T
Greenough


title: Brandon Whipple

texts:
<mask> (born July 13, 1982) is an American politician and academic serving as Mayor of Wichita, Kansas. He previously served as a Democratic member of the Kansas House of Representatives representing the 96th district, which included part of south Wichita and was the Ranking Minority member on the Higher Education Budget committee. When the Kansas Legislature was not in session, <mask> served as an adjunct professor of American politics at Wichita State University, his alma mater. <mask> defeated incumbent Jeff Longwell in the 2019 Wichita mayoral election. Early life and education

<mask> was raised in Dover, New Hampshire. <mask> earned his Associate of Arts in liberal studies from New Hampshire's Hesser College in 2003. He moved to Wichita, Kansas, at age 21 in a year-long education-service mission with AmeriCorps, working with at-risk youth at Wichita South High School.While there, he discovered he could afford to attend Wichita State University (WSU). <mask> graduated from WSU with a bachelor’s degree in sociology and a minor in psychology; later at WSU, he earned a master’s degree in liberal studies, with an emphasis on cross-cultural studies and public administration. While at Wichita State, <mask> was a student senator in WSU's Student Government Association—an experience he credits as decisive in his later entry into the Kansas legislature (particularly a trip to the state capitol to lobby for student issues). <mask> later acquired a doctorate in leadership studies from Franklin Pierce University, a private college in New Hampshire. Career
Subsequently, while serving in the Kansas Legislature, <mask> also served as an adjunct instructor for various Wichita-area colleges and universities, including Wichita State University, Southwestern College and some commercial colleges—particularly teaching political

masks:
Brandon Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple


title: Brandon Whipple

texts:
 science, history and sociology. Kansas House of Representatives
<mask> first ran for the Kansas House of Representatives in 2010 against Phil Hermanson. <mask> lost, but shortly afterward the Sedgwick County Democratic Party elected him its vice chair.In 2012, he was elected the county party's chair. That same year, in a run for the Kansas House 96th District seat (in south Wichita), he was criticized by Tea Party Republican Craig Gable for not having children. <mask> defeated Republican Rick Lindsey. <mask> was re-elected to the seat in 2014, 2016 and 2018., in a district that voted for Donald Trump for president in 2016. In 2016, <mask> was elected Agenda Chair for the Democrats in the Kansas House of Representatives—the #6 position in House Democratic party leadership. In 2018, <mask> co-founded the bipartisan Kansas Future Caucus, a group of under-45 Kansas legislators, to focus attention on issues of concern to young people. Among his principal efforts in office was increased funding for education, particularly restoration of funding cuts made during the administration of Kansas governor Sam Brownback.In the 2019 Kansas Legislature, <mask> was Ranking minority member on the Joint Committee on Information Technology, and the Higher Education Budget Committee. He was also assigned to the Committee on Elections and the Joint Committee on Corrections and Juvenile Justice Oversight. Committee assignments

2019–2020 session
Ranking Minority Member of Higher Education Budget
Ranking Minority Member of Joint Information Technology
Elections
Joint Corrections and Juvenile Justice

2017–2018 session
Ranking Minority Member of Commerce, Labor and Economic Development
Financial Institutions and Pensions
Higher Education Budget
Joint Information Technology

2015–2016 session
Utilities and Telecommications
Commerce, Labor and

masks: Whipple Whipple Whipple Whipple Whipple Whipple Whipple


title: Brandon Whipple

texts:
 Economic Development
Taxation
House Select Investigating Committee
Telecommunications Study Committee
Joint Information Technology

2013–2014 session
Children and Seniors
Judiciary
Utilities and Telecommications
Commerce, Labor and Economic Development
Telecommunications Study Committee
Joint Information Technology

2019 Wichita mayoral race

<mask> ran in the 2019 election for mayor of Wichita. In the nonpartisan primary election, preliminary results put <mask> (with 5,729 votes; 25.9% of the total) second only to Republican Mayor Longwell (who had 7,136 votes; 32.3%). Candidate Lyndy Wells, also a Republican, had only 160 votes fewer in initial returns: 5,569 votes; 25.2%, so delayed acceptance of the result in hopes that a review of 1,000 yet-uncounted ballots (including 500 provisional ballots) might turn the election to his favor. The final count nearly doubled <mask>'s lead over Wells. advancing <mask> and Longwell to the ballot for the November 5 runoff election.Wells mounted a write-in campaign. In October 2019, <mask> found himself the victim of an elaborate, multi-state, covert smear campaign in which Republican state Representative Michael Capps was implicated as a perpetrator. After Sedgwick County, Kansas Republican party chair Dalton Glasscock called for Capps to resign, Capps claimed that Glasscock had actually approved the production of the ad, which Glasscock denied. Money raised for the production of the video were alleged to have been laundered through a charitable non-profit organization directed by Capps to conceal the identities of the alleged perpetrators. Newly created anonymous entities also attacked both <mask> and Wells weighed via several mailers. Although the sending organizations used different names, they were all linked through a postal permit held by a Kansas City bulk-mail service. The

masks: Whipple Whipple Whipple Whipple Whipple Whipple


title: Brandon Whipple

texts: funding of the salacious video as well as the anonymous mailers will not be required to be reported, according to the Kansas Governmental Ethics Commission.It has ruled outside organizations must report their identities and spending only if they use specific key terms such as "vote for," "elect," "vote against" or "defeat". The Democratic party was also criticized for publicly sending a mailer claiming that Longwell was being investigated by the District Attorney for "corruption". In fact, he had just been advised to report contributions and gifts received from the contractor to which a half-billion-dollar contract had been awarded. On election day, November 5, 2019, Longwell conceded the election to <mask>, who won with 46% of the ballots versus 36% for Longwell, with the balance cast for write-in candidates which remained to be counted. The results were certified on November 15, 2019. In October 2020, <mask>, represented by former U.S. Attorney Randy Rathbun, filed suit against Capps, Wichita City Councilman James Clendenin, and Sedgwick County Commissioner Michael O'Donnell, for defamation involving the false charges made against him in the 2019 mayoral election race. Allegations cited were that the co-conspirators tried to blame the conspiracy on Sedgwick Republican County Committee Chairman Dalton Glasscock, and that, with false accusations, they intended to generate marital discord within <mask>'s own family.To conceal the donors and funding of the smear, monies were said to have been laundered through a 501(c)3 non-profit charity directed by Capps. The suit had originally been filed against the maker of the video, Matthew Colburn. It was dropped after Colburn provided audio, text messages, and other evidence, that had identified O'Donnell as the alleged leader of the conspiracy to defame <mask>. O'Donnell was

masks: Whipple Whipple Whipple Whipple


title: Brandon Whipple

texts:
 accused of writing the script for the video frame-up, <mask> said that he felt sorry for the then-21-year-old Colburn who had been scapegoated by the actual perpetrators. On November 25, Marc Bennett, the Sedgwick County D.A., moved to have the state take up the case of the removal of Capps from office since the D.A. is precluded from doing so by statute in the case of a state legislator. He was proceeding to remove Clendenin from the City Council where he possessed such authority.Tenure
On October 16, 2020, Meredith Dowty, a 59-year-old local musician and retired firefighter, was arrested on suspicion of threatening to kidnap and kill <mask> after he attempted to get his address from another city official. He was reportedly frustrated by the city's mask ordinance and other mitigation measures against the COVID-19 pandemic, which prevented him from seeing his mother. <mask>, who had been a target of local criticism for passing the ordinance, said he will increase security at his home in response to the alleged threat. Dowty could face a charge of criminal threat. Personal life
<mask> is married to Chelsea (Grady) <mask>, also a Wichita State University graduate. The two are members of the Episcopal Church. She directs programs for St. James Episcopal Church in Wichita and is the Treasurer of his mayoral campaign.The couple have three boys. Elections

References

External links

 <mask> campaign official website

|-

1982 births
Living people
21st-century American politicians
American Episcopalians
Educators from Kansas
Candidates in the 2010 United States elections
Converts to Anglicanism from Roman Catholicism
Kansas Democrats
Mayors of Wichita, Kansas
Members of the Kansas House of Representatives
People from Rochester, New Hampshire
Politicians from Wichita, Kansas
Wichita State University alumni
Wichita State

masks:
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Whipple
Brandon Whipple


title: Magnus Okuonghae

texts:
<mask>e (born 16 February 1986) is a former professional footballer who played as a defender. Okuonghae made over 200 appearances in all competitions for Colchester United where he was club captain, and has also played for Rushden & Diamonds, Aldershot Town, St Albans City, Crawley Town, Dagenham & Redbridge, Luton Town and Maidstone United. He has made loan appearances for Bishop's Stortford, Weymouth, Hartlepool United and Welling United and was capped once by the England national C team in 2006. Club career

Early career
Born in Lagos, Nigeria, Okuonghae began his career with Fulham in the club's youth system, before appearing for Norwich City under-19s in March 2002, and later featured on the bench for Leicester City under-19s in April 2002. Rushden & Diamonds
Okuonghae was signed by Third Division club Rushden & Diamonds and became part of the under-16 squad. He later signed his first professional contract with the club and was given squad number 40. During the 2002–03 season, Okuonghae failed to make an appearance for the first team, but was an unused substitute during a 4–1 win at home to Cambridge United on 18 January 2003.He made his professional debut for Rushden & Diamonds, now in the Second Division in 2003–04 as an 87th-minute substitute in a 4–0 win over Colchester United at Nene Park on 22 November, but did not feature again for the rest of the season. A spell on loan at Conference South club Bishop's Stortford followed in 2004–05, where he made eight appearances. Okuonghae found himself playing in the first team more regularly during the 2005–06 season, making a late substitute appearance in a 1–0 victory away to Mansfield Town on 9 August 2005. He would make a further 22 appearances in all competitions throughout the season, and registered his first professional goal in a 2–1 defeat away to Rochdale on 1 October. However, the season ended in relegation for Rushden, and Okuonghae rejected their offer of a new contract and left the club. Aldershot Town
Following an unsuccessful


title: Josh Hill (fighter)

texts:
<mask> (born November 24, 1986) is a Canadian mixed martial artist who competes in the Bantamweight division. He currently fights for Bellator MMA. In the past he has competed for the WSOF, TKO Major League MMA, the Score Fighting Series and Aggression MMA. <mask> also appeared on Season 18 of The Ultimate Fighter. As of February 22, 2022, he is #8 in the Bellator Bantamweight Rankings. Background
<mask> was born in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. He started training martial arts at age 20 and took his first professional MMA fight three years later.Mixed martial arts career

Regional MMA
<mask> took his first fight on two weeks notice and won by second-round TKO. His fifth pro fight was for the Aggression MMA Bantamweight title. He won the championship with a unanimous decision victory over then undefeated Diego Wilson (5-0). The Ultimate Fighter
Starting his career undefeated, with 8 professional wins, <mask> was accepted onto Season 18 of The Ultimate Fighter with Ronda Rousey and Miesha Tate. The first episode of the show featured an elimination bout to get into the fighter house. <mask> earned his place in the house by winning a majority decision over Patrick Holohan. He lost his quarterfinal bout by unanimous decision to Mike Wooten and was eliminated from the tournament.World Series of Fighting
<mask> signed with the World Series of Fighting and made his debut at WSOF Canada 2 against Mike Adams on June 7, 2014 in Edmonton, Alberta. He won the fight via knockout

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Josh Hill


title: Josh Hill (fighter)

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 in the first round. In his next fight for the promotion, <mask> faced Marlon Moraes for the WSOF Bantamweight Championship on February 12, 2015 in the main event at WSOF 18: Moraes vs <mask>. He lost the fight via unanimous decision (49-46, 49-46, 49-46). After two fights outside of WSOF <mask> returned at WSOF 26 to defeat Bekbulat Magomedov via split decision. <mask> earned a second shot against Marlon Moraes for the WSOF Bantamweight Championship on July 30, 2016 in the main event at WSOF 32: Moraes vs. <mask> 2. He lost the fight via TKO in the second round.Bellator MMA
<mask> signed with Bellator MMA in November 2019. His debut fight came against Vinicius Zani at Bellator 239 on February 21, 2020. He won the fight via unanimous decision. <mask> faced UFC veteran Érik Pérez at Bellator 244 on August 21, 2020. He won the fight via unanimous decision. <mask> faced Raufeon Stots at Bellator 258 on May 7, 2021. He lost the bout via unanimous decision.<mask> faced Jared Scoggins on December 3, 2021 at Bellator 272. At the weigh-ins, Jared Scoggins missed weight for his bout, weighing in at 140 pounds, 4 pounds over the bantamweight non-title fight limit. The bout proceeded at catchweight and Scoggins was fined 35% of his purse which went to <mask>. <mask> would go on to win the fight via KO at 0:56 of round 2. Personal life
<mask> was a volunteer firefighter before opening his gym and becoming a fulltime fighter. <mask> does color commentary for BTC Fight

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title: Michael Romanoff

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Harry F. Gerguson (born Hershel Geguzin, February 20, 1890 – September 1, 1971), known as <mask>, was a Hollywood restaurateur, con man and actor born in Lithuania. He is perhaps best remembered as the owner of the now-defunct Romanoff's, a Beverly Hills restaurant popular with Hollywood stars in the 1940s and 1950s. He claimed to be a member of Russia's royal House of Romanov (sometimes spelled "Romanoff" in English). This was widely known to be untrue throughout his career, but press reports tended to treat the deception as a humorous matter. Background
The New Yorker ran a series of five profiles, starting October 29, 1932, tracing <mask>'s history from birth until date of publication, including his having been deported to France in May of that year to serve time for fraud. According to U.S.A Confidential (Mortimer and Lait, 1952), though Romanoff pretended to be Russian royalty, he was actually a former Brooklyn pants presser. Geguzin immigrated to New York City at age 10.He changed his name from Hershel to Harry F. Gerguson some time after 1900 and married Gloria Lister in 1948. At times, he passed himself off as "Count Gladstone the son of William Gladstone, "Prince <mask> Alexandrovich Obolensky-Romanoff", nephew of Tsar Nicholas II, William Wellington or Arthur Wellesley. David Niven devotes a whole chapter in his memoirs to Romanoff/Gerguson. Romanoff tells Niven to remember him to Commando chief Bob Laycock whom he knew at Eton. Niven dismisses this as nonsense, then Gerguson shows Niven a set of hair brushes with the Laycock crest and Niven is chastened. Niven learns that Gerguson took part in a cricket match at Wiseton, Notts (home of the Laycock family) involving a coal mining team. 'What were you doing down a Durham coal mine?'asks Niven. There is also a record of a Harry Gerguson escaping from hospital in 1923 in US immigration

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title: Michael Romanoff

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 be purchased in grocery stores for preparation at home. It was a popular side dish on American dinner tables through the 1960s, and recipes for it are available from Betty Crocker, Creamette, and others.The restaurant closed its doors for good on New Year's Eve in 1962. <mask>'s On The Rocks
In 1959, <mask>'s On The Rocks opened in Palm Springs. Paul Whiteman and Red Norvo headed the house band. On The Rocks closed in 1962, and the venue became the Pompeii nightclub, later destroyed by arson. In popular culture
<mask> is referenced in 1941's Hellzapoppin', the film version of the famous Broadway musical revue. In the film, Mischa Auer plays a "real Russian prince who is pretending to be a fake Russian prince." Although he is penniless, his deception gets him invited to high-society parties, where he can sponge off the guests and gorge himself on the food.He tells a fellow Russian expatriate, "Better that everyone should think I am a fake Russian prince. If they knew I was a real Russian prince, the novelty would wear off, and nobody would want me!" At an early point in the original 1947 version of Miracle on 34th Street, a doctor expresses the opinion that Kris Kringle is of no harm to anyone despite his insistence that he is Santa Claus. In a reference to Romanoff, the doctor compares Kringle to a well-known restaurant owner – whose name escapes him at the moment – who insists that he is a member of the Russian royal family, but is otherwise quite normal. <mask> was one of several guest stars on "The Jack Benny Program" radio show on 8 January 1950, titled "Drear Pooson Fluffrys Party And Is Stood Up By His Date". The episode featured Benny and other regular cast members attempting to solve a murder that had taken place at the Romanoff's in Beverly Hills. The episode is perhaps better known for having one of the longest laughs in the history

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title: Michael Romanoff

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 of the series, based on a spoonerism of the name "Drew Pearson", and quick thinking by the writers to incorporate the flub later in the program without telling Benny.<mask> was the guest star on the December 8, 1950 "Selling the Tavern" episode of the Duffy's Tavern radio show. In typical Tavern style, his claims of royalty are roundly mocked and even his small stature is joked about. <mask> can also be heard as a contestant on the 28 November 1951 radio edition of the Groucho Marx quiz, You Bet Your Life. The television broadcast took place the next day. In April 1957, Jayne Mansfield–Sophia Loren photo, was taken at <mask>'s restaurant. In April 1957, he was a mystery guest on the television panel show What's My Line?. In the 1960 film Strangers When We Meet Kirk Douglas and Barbara Rush are seen dining at Romanoff's restaurant.<mask> himself make an uncredited appearance. The exterior of the then-shuttered <mask>'s can be seen in the 1967 Fox film, A Guide for the Married Man. <mask> himself also plays the maitre'd in a sequence in the film in a studio recreation of the restaurant's interior. The 1965 cartoon series Roger Ramjet features a recurring villain named Noodles Romanoff. In addition to appearing in the above-mentioned A Guide for the Married Man as himself, Romanoff appeared in at least 20 other films and television shows playing either himself or acting in bit roles, such as a prince, maitre d', nobleman, or some other type of sophisticated European gentleman. In 1977, Boz Scaggs' Down Two Then Left's album cover photography by Guy Bourdin features the then-shuttered Romanoff's restaurant

Filmography

References

Further reading

External links

1890 births
1971 deaths
20th-century American male actors
People from Palm Springs, California
American restaurateurs
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States
Romanov

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title: K. Y. Amoako

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<mask><mask> (born September 13, 1944 Accra) is a Ghanaian international civil servant with a five-decade career in African development. He is a thought leader on policies and initiatives of governance and growth on the continent, and he has worked alongside development specialists to address African and global development issues. <mask> is the Founding President of the African Centre for Economic Transformation (established 2008) and an author. <mask> founded ACET following his career at the World Bank beginning in 1974 until he became the Bank's Director for Education and Social Policy from 1992-1995. In 1995, he served as the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) at the rank of Under Secretary General of the UN. After his 10 years with the ECA, <mask> spent 2006 as a Distinguished African Scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. <mask> is married to <mask> and has three daughters named Ama, Nana, and Mame.He also has four grandchildren: Jonah, <mask>, Mena, and <mask>. Education and career

Education
<mask> completed his secondary education at the Ghana Secondary Technical School. He then obtained his B.A. (Hons) from the University of Ghana and his M.A. and Ph.D. in Economics from the University of California at Berkeley. In recognition of his contribution to Africa’s development, in 2003, he was awarded a Doctor of Laws degree, honoris causa, by the Addis Ababa University, and a Doctor of Letters degree, honoris causa, by the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana, in May 2005. World Bank
After obtaining a Ph.D. in economics from the University of California-Berkeley in 1974, <mask> began his career at the World Bank.At the time, the Bank employed few Africans, but it impacted much of the continent’s destiny through lending policies that were not always favorable to Africa. <mask> became Division Chief for Country Programs in the Africa Region and also Division Chief for Sector Programs in the Latin America and Caribbean Region. Over a ten-year period, he helped improve Bank

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title: K. Y. Amoako

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 operations in several countries. In the early 1990s, the Bank began to shift its focus by placing greater emphasis on poverty reduction and underserved but vital economic and social development issues, such as gender equality. To provide intellectual leadership in these areas, guide operational staff at the country-level, and collaborate more effectively with United Nations agencies and other development institutions, the Bank created the Department of Education and Social Policy in 1992. <mask> was appointed its first director. He led a group of 40 economists and sector specialists in producing major Bank policy papers on poverty, gender, social protection, labor markets, and education that were endorsed by the World Bank’s Executive Directors.United Nations Career

In 1995, then UN Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali appointed <mask> as the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) at the level of Under-Secretary General. He gave <mask> a mandate to transform the institution into an influential voice for Africa and an effective player in global development. Within two years of his appointment, Amoako implemented sweeping reforms to remake the institution. Boutros-Ghali later commended the ECA for being “at the vanguard of reform in the United Nations.”

The Wilson Center/The Woodrow Wilson International Center
In 2006, K.Y<mask> was awarded with the "Distinguished African Scholar Award", supported by the Open Society Institute, which brings senior African scholars or policymakers to the Woodrow Wilson Center in order to conduct research on topics of their choice. His research focused on "strengthening policy research institutions within Africa and their contribution to African development strategies". The African Center for Economic Transformation

<mask> founded the African Center for Economic Transformation (ACET) in 2008 to help African governments transform their economies and address policy and institutional barriers to economic growth, with operations based in Accra, Ghana.Contributions to African and

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title: K. Y. Amoako

texts:
 Global Development
Over the past twenty years, <mask> has served on many high-level commissions and task forces with other development experts and leaders. These task forces and commissions have tackled Africa’s current and future challenges as well as global development issues. They include:
 Commission on HIV/AIDS and Governance in Africa—Chaired by <mask>, the Commission was established in 2003 by <mask> Annan. The commission had a mandate to clarify the data on the impact of HIV/AIDS on state structures and economic development and to assist governments in consolidating the design and implementation of policies and programs to help govern the epidemic. Commission for Africa—Set up in 2004 and chaired by then British Prime Minister Tony Blair to promote development in Africa, the commission published its report, “Our Common Interest,” in 2005. Many of the recommendations were taken up by the G8 at its summit in Gleneagles later that year, and in other commitments made to Africa. Commission on Macroeconomics and Health— The Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (CMH) was established by then WHO Director-General Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland in January 2000 to assess the contribution of health to global economic development.Prof. Jeffrey Sachs chaired the commission. International Task Force on Global Public Goods—Established in 2003 by the Swedish and French governments on the heels of the 2002 Monterrey International  Conference on Financing for Development, the task force provided a definition of global public goods, identified global public goods critical for poverty reduction, and proposed recommendations to enhance their provision and financing. Commission on Capital Flows to Africa—Jointly assembled in September 2002 by the Corporate Council on Africa and the Institute for International Economics and chaired by James A. Harmon, former chairman of the US Export-Import Bank, the Commission published a “Ten-Year Strategy for Increasing Capital Flows to Africa” to help boost capital and private sector investment from the United States. High-Level Trade

masks: Amoako Amoako Kofi


title: K. Y. Amoako

texts:
 Experts Group—Set up by David Cameron and Angela Merkel to revitalize the Doha Round of trade talks and lobby for strong political commitment during the Seoul G20 summit to liberalize trade, the group was led by Peter Sutherland, the former Director-General of the WTO, and Jagdish Bhagwati, a renowned professor of  economics at Columbia University. Speaking at a meeting of African finance ministers in 1997, <mask> declared himself “an optimist for Africa”. Published works

Book: "Know the Beginning Well: An Inside Journey Through Five Decades of African Development" (2020)
The title of the book is based on an African proverb: "If you know the beginning well, the end shall not trouble you". The book draws on his five decades of experience to offer an account of the people, policies, and institutions that have shaped Africa's post-colonial development history with a goal of learning from the past to better inform the future.<mask> has lived this history, worked directly with governments and global leaders on issues that continue to affect African progress: financing sustainable development, moving beyond aid, industrializing and diversifying economics, closing the gender gap, getting regional integration right, and attaining accountable and transformative leadership. This book recounts the growth of Africa offers a hopeful vision of a transformed continent. <mask>, K.Y. Know The Beginning Well: An Inside Journey Through Five Decades of African Development. Africa World Press, 2020. Other
He delivered the lecture "Politics, Economics and the Future of Ghana" on the occasion of the 10th Anniversary Memorial Lecture of the late Oyeeman Wereko Ampem 11 organized and held by the University of Ghana with support from the John A. Kufuor Foundation and the Atta Mills Foundation. He was the Guest Speaker at the Ghana Secondary Technical School Centenary Anniversary in October 2009.References

1944 births
Living people
Commission for Africa members
Ghanaian economists
University of Ghana alumni
UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science alumni
Ghana Secondary

masks: Amoako Amoako Amoako


title: John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan

texts:
<mask>, <mask> of Cardowan PC (born 8 May 1947), is a British Labour Party politician. He was a Member of Parliament from 1987 to 2010, and served in the Cabinet under Prime Minister Tony Blair in a number of positions. He was Health Secretary from 2003 to 2005, Defence Secretary from 2005 to 2006, and Home Secretary from 2006 to 2007. Born in Bellshill to working-class, Roman Catholic parents, <mask> first became involved in politics when he joined the Young Communist League in 1972. He later joined the Labour Party, working for them as a senior researcher before being elected to the House of Commons in 1987 as the MP for Motherwell North. He retired from frontline politics in 2007 following Gordon Brown's appointment as Prime Minister, taking on a role as the Chairman of Celtic Football Club. After stepping down as an MP in 2010, he was nominated for a life peerage in the Dissolution Honours and elevated to the House of Lords.<mask> took a leading role in the campaign for a "No" vote in the 2011 AV referendum, appearing alongside Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron, and also took a leading role in the campaign opposing Scottish independence. Background
<mask> was born in Bellshill Maternity Hospital, North Lanarkshire, Scotland, to working-class Roman Catholic parents; his grandparents were of mixed denomination. His grandfather was "a staunch Church of Scotland Presbyterian and his grandmother a poor and illiterate Irish peasant." His mother, Mary, was a factory worker and his father, Thomas, was a postman. <mask> attended St Patrick's Secondary School, Coatbridge. The adolescent <mask> showed an early talent for organisation and political activism by leading a student strike in protest at a school rule. <mask> initially decided not to go to university but instead took a series of jobs, including construction work on an oil pipeline and another in insurance; at the latter job, which <mask> later claimed opened his eyes politically, he was assigned to the tenements in the East End of Glasgow after the city was hit by storms in late-1968 and saw poverty of a kind he did not know

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title: John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan

texts:
 existed.Soon after this experience, he joined the Labour Party. Around this time <mask>'s passion for history was kindled when his girlfriend (and later wife), Cathie McGowan, bought him a copy of The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich by William L. Shirer. <mask> was spellbound. Following this he attended the Open University in his mid-twenties to study a Foundation Course and then later attended the University of Stirling, becoming rector of the Students' Union and gaining a BA in history and a PhD in economic history, with a thesis on the slave trade written as a critique of the Marxist model of historical change, entitled Warrior Aristocrats in Crisis: the political effects of the transition from the slave trade to palm oil commerce in the nineteenth century Kingdom of Dahomey. From 1979 to 1983, <mask> was a research officer for the Labour Party in Scotland, and from 1983 to 1985, was a political adviser to Labour leader Neil Kinnock. From 1986 to 1987, he was Scottish Organiser of Trade Unionists for Labour. He entered parliament at the 1987 general election as MP for the Motherwell North constituency.After boundary changes, he was returned at the 1997 election for the new constituency of Hamilton North and Bellshill; and after further boundary changes in 2005, he was returned at the 2005 election for the new constituency of Airdrie and Shotts with 59% of the votes cast. <mask> was married to Cathie McGowan from 1969 until her sudden death from a heart attack in 1998. They had two sons, Kevin and Mark. In 2002, he married film director Carine Adler. According to The Guardian, in 1991, <mask> arrived at the House of Commons "drunk one day and tried to force his way on to the floor to vote. When an attendant stepped forward to stop him, <mask> threw a punch". <mask> stopped drinking in 1994 and gave up his 60-a-day cigarette habit in 2003.Political ideology
At university, <mask> was a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain. With the support of Communist and Labour students, he became president of the students' union. After leaving university, he became a researcher for

masks: Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid Reid


title: John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan

texts:
 Scottish Labour. <mask> believes that any socialist, or indeed any rational person, should be a revisionist on principle. As an advisor to Neil Kinnock, <mask> was one of the earliest advocates for reforms to the Labour Party. In 1983, after the Labour Party's worst electoral defeat in 65 years, and at Kinnock's request, he put on a single sheet of paper what he thought had made Labour unelectable: "Leaderless, unpatriotic, dominated by demagogues, policies fifteen years out of date". Elected to Parliament in 1987 as the Member of Parliament for Motherwell North, within two years he was appointed to the Shadow Front Bench as spokesperson for Children.In 1990, <mask> was appointed as Defence spokesperson. When the former Yugoslavia was breaking up in the 1990s, <mask> was in dialogue with the Bosnian Serbs. During the Bosnian War, <mask> struck up a friendship with Radovan Karadžić, later to be indicted as a war criminal. <mask> admitted he spent three days at a luxury Geneva lakeside hotel as a guest of Karadžić in 1993. Government career

Minister of State for the Armed Forces
After Labour came to power at the 1997 general election, <mask> became Armed Forces Minister, where he played a key role in the Defence Secretary George Robertson's Strategic Defence Review. <mask> gained considerable praise for the review; with some commentators going so far as to describe his success in cutting military expenditure at the same time as winning over the defence chiefs as "brilliant". As Minister he lobbied for the release of two Scots Guards convicted of murdering teenager Peter McBride in Belfast in 1992.At the same time he refused requests to meet the McBride family. <mask> eventually met with the McBride family whilst he was Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. Minister for Transport
In 1998, <mask> moved from Defence to become Minister of State for Transport. Prime Minister Tony Blair then sent <mask> to the Department of Transport to ensure the late-running and over-budget London Underground Jubilee Line Extension was completed by the end of 2000. He and <mask> brought in Bechtel as

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title: John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan

texts:
 Project Managers, ensuring Phase 1 was opened on 1 May 1999, and the whole Jubilee line with the exception of one station (Westminster) was ultimately open for business by the Millennium. <mask> demonstrated several aspects: he negotiated strongly; he was a political fighter; he had a "capacity for non-dogmatic adaptability and reliability"; and was described as "a safe pair of hands". Secretary of State for Scotland
Having impressed at both Transport and Defence <mask> was promoted to Secretary of State for Scotland on 17 May 1999 and a full place at the cabinet table.In his first month, the Scottish Parliament was re-established after an interval of 300 years. The reconstituted Scotland Office had been much reduced in importance with devolution but <mask> used the position to build his profile, prepared to put the government's case on any issue against TV interviewers. After Donald Dewar, Scotland's respected First Minister, died in 2000 <mask>'s name was even mentioned as a possible replacement. In fact <mask> was left to deal with much of the fall-out after the death and would be increasingly at loggerheads with the new Labour First Minister, Henry McLeish, whom <mask> felt was taking the Parliament down a nationalist path. The situation became so strained between the two that in an unguarded moment McLeish publicly labelled <mask> "a patronising bastard". Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
<mask> became Secretary of State for Northern Ireland in January 2001 following the resignation of Peter Mandelson. He was the first Roman Catholic to hold the position.While dismissing the personal significance of this, he used it to insist that every person in Northern Ireland, from whatever background or tradition, wanted a prosperous future. Throughout his period of office he was continually engaged in talks with all side of the community in an attempt to reduce the level of inter-community troubles. He blamed Paramilitaries from both sides of the community for on-going violence. He confronted both, on the ground, at a violent east Belfast interface, where he met loyalist residents of


title: John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan

texts: Cluan Place and then had talks with nationalist residents in the nearby Short Strand. <mask> ruled that ceasefires proclaimed by the Ulster Defence Association and the Loyalist Volunteer Force could no longer be recognised by the government because of their involvement in sectarian attacks and murders. At the same time he put pressure on the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) to make a move on arms decommissioning to help end the political impasse, whilst acknowledging that putting its weapons beyond use would be a difficult step to take. It was in this context that, in October 2001 he welcomed a Gerry Adams speech as a "highly significant" step which he hoped would pave the way for a "groundbreaking" move by the IRA to disarm which would  transform the political situation.And following the IRA's decision <mask> responded by announcing the immediate demolition of British Army security bases and announcing a reduction in troop levels as the security situation improved, effectively beginning a process which culminated in September 2005, when the disarmament monitor for Northern Ireland, the Canadian General <mask> Chastelain announced that the IRA had given up its entire arsenal of weapons after more than three decades of armed struggle against British rule. <mask> oversaw the final stages of the transformation of the RUC into the Police Service Northern Ireland, and the first endorsement of the service by representatives of the Nationalist community. Political problems continued, resulting in the suspension of the Northern Ireland Assembly a year later in October 2002. The peace process was to be put on hold until there was a "clear and unequivocal commitment" that the IRA would disband. <mask> made an emergency statement to Parliament announcing direct rule in the interim. In the interim, <mask> also had to deal with continuing domestic problems; including those with loyalist ceasefires, sectarian murders and the tinderbox of Holy Cross primary school in north Belfast (that ignited the worst rioting in the city in years). But, so far as 10 Downing Street was concerned, <mask> had

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title: John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan

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 gone a long way to delivering the rarest of political commodities – success in Northern Ireland.Chairman of the Labour Party and Minister without Portfolio
<mask> was appointed Chairman of the Labour Party and Minister Without Portfolio on 24 October 2002. As a purely political post his trouble-shooting skills were employed as the Labour Government's chief spokesperson earning him the nickname "Minister for the Today Programme". One of <mask>'s key challenges was to keep the trade unions (the Labour Party's main funders) on-side despite the antipathy shown by the Unions to many of the Government's proposals. As part of this <mask> agreed to look at proposals to stop private contractors exploiting low paid workers (a key Union demand). Leader of the House of Commons and Lord President of the Council
In March 2003, Robin Cook resigned as Leader of the House of Commons due to his objections to the legality of Britain's involvement in the Iraq War. <mask> was appointed to take over the Office brief on 4 April as a heavyweight figure was more likely to ensure the Commons' continued support for the war. He held the position for only just under three months and was succeeded by a more junior member of the Government, Peter Hain.Secretary of State for Health
<mask> was made Secretary of State for Health in June 2003, replacing Alan Milburn after the latter's resignation. He was reportedly less than happy with the appointment. He was reported by Private Eye at the time as reacting "Oh fuck, not health." But <mask> had established himself as one of Tony Blair's most trusted ministers and his appointment as Health Secretary took him into his fourth cabinet job in less than a year. At Health <mask> saw himself as a reformer, controversially increasing capacity by introducing private companies to run treatment centres for knee, hip and eye operations. He claimed this provided extra staff and extra capacity to help treat more patients in the NHS at an unprecedented rate. <mask> also introduced plans to increase the number of smoke-free workplaces and improve diet and sexual health as part of a