title: Nicolas Roland

texts:
 with his own life: humble, simple, natural, but also ambitious and compromising, even captivating and contagious:
It is cutting edge pedagogy, for pioneering works of popular education.Ascetic and mystical at once, said that the life of man is great if understood as a struggle and surrender to divine service. The most valuable of his attitude was his testimony and his passion. Traits that were considered irreplaceable educational values in their masterpieces. With them, he adorned the Christian school for girls that he designed and easy ideas to their teachers who offered selfless and generous people grouped with effort and trust in God. <mask> is one of the teachers who made possible in the 17th century the spread of popular schools,  predecessor next to Saint Pierre Fourier and Charles Demia of what would later become the popular schools from the Church, especially in the work of John the Baptist De La Salle. References

Bibliography

Bernoville, G., Un précurseur de saint Jean-Baptiste de La Salle: Nicolás <mask>, fondateur de la Congrégation du Saint Enfant Jésus de Reims, Paris, 1950. Goy, J.La vie de Nicolas Roland, Reims, 1993
Chico, P. Nicolás <mask> en Fundadores de órdenes religiosas de la enseñanza, Valladolid, 2000. GALLEGO, S. San Juan Bautista de La Salle: vida y pensamiento, BAC, Madrid, 1986
CAMPOS, M., SAUVAGE, M., Juan Bautista de La Salle: Anunciar el evangelio a los pobres, Bruño, Lima, 1977. BÉDEL, H., Orígenes 1651-1726, Estudios Lasalianos nº5, Rome, 1998

1642 births
1678 deaths
People from Reims
17th-century French Roman Catholic priests
French educators
Founders of Catholic religious communities
De La Salle Brothers
Burials in Marne (department)
French beatified people
Beatifications by Pope John Paul II
Venerated Catholics by Pope

masks:
Nicolas Roland
Roland
Roland


title: Joseph Grew

type: original

texts:
<mask> (May 27, 1880 – May 25, 1965) was an American career diplomat and Foreign Service officer. He is best known as the ambassador to Japan from 1932 to 1941 and as a high official in the State Department in Washington from 1944 to 1945. He opposed American hardliners, sought to avoid war, and helped to ensure the soft Japanese surrender in 1945 that enabled a peaceful American occupation of Japan after the war. After numerous minor diplomatic appointments, <mask> was the Ambassador to Denmark (1920–1921) and  Ambassador to Switzerland (1921–1924). In 1924, <mask> became the Under Secretary of State and oversaw the establishment of the US Foreign Service. <mask> then became Ambassador to Turkey (1927–1932). As Ambassador to Japan (1932–1941), he opposed American hardliners and recommended negotiation with Tokyo to avoid war until the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941).He was interned until American and Japanese diplomats were formally exchanged in 1942. On return to Washington, DC, he became the second official in the State Department as Under Secretary and sometimes served as acting Secretary of State. He successfully promoted a soft peace with Japan that would allow the Emperor to maintain his status, which facilitated the Emperor's decision to surrender in 1945. Early life
<mask> was born in Boston, Massachusetts, in May 1880 to a wealthy Yankee family. He was groomed for public service. At the age of 12 he was sent to Groton School, an elite preparatory school whose purpose was to "cultivate manly Christian character". Grew was two grades ahead of Franklin D. Roosevelt.During his youth, Grew enjoyed the outdoors, sailing, camping, and hunting during his summers away from school. Grew attended Harvard College and graduated in 1902. Career
After his graduation, Grew made a tour of the Far East and nearly died after he had been stricken with malaria. While recovering in India, he became friends with an American consul there.

masks:
Joseph Clark Grew
Grew
Grew
Grew
Grew


title: Joseph Grew

texts:
 That inspired him to abandon his plan of following in his father's career as a banker, and he decided to go into diplomatic service. In 1904, he was a clerk at the consulate in Cairo, Egypt, and he then rotated through diplomatic missions in Mexico City (1906), St. Petersburg (1907), Berlin (1908), Vienna (1911), and again in Berlin (1912–1917). He became acting chief of the State Department's Division of Western European Affairs during the war (1917–1919) and was the secretary of the American peace commission in Paris (1919–1920).Ambassador to Denmark and Switzerland
From April 7, 1920 to October 14, 1921, Grew served as the U.S. Ambassador to Denmark after his appointment by President Woodrow Wilson. He was preceded by Norman Hapgood and succeeded by John Dyneley Prince. He replaced Hampson Gary as the United States Ambassador to Switzerland after his appointment by President Warren Harding. In 1922, he and Richard Child acted as the American observers at the Conference of Lausanne. Grew served as Ambassador until March 22, 1924, when Hugh S. Gibson replaced him. Under Secretary of State (1924–1927)
From April 16, 1924 to June 30, 1927, Grew served as the Under Secretary of State in Washington under President Calvin Coolidge and succeeded William Phillips.Ambassador to Turkey
In 1927, <mask> was appointed as the American ambassador to Turkey. He served in Ankara until 1932, when he was offered the opportunity to return to the Far East. Ambassador to Japan
In 1932, <mask> was appointed by President Herbert Hoover to succeed William Cameron Forbes as the Ambassador to Japan, where he took up his posting on June 6. Ambassador and Mrs. <mask> had been happy in Turkey, and were hesitant about the move, but decided that Grew would have a unique opportunity to make the difference between peace and war between the United States and Japan. The Grews soon became popular in Japanese society, joining clubs and societies there, and adapting to the culture,

masks: Grew Grew Grew


title: Joseph Grew

texts: even as relations between the two countries deteriorated. One major episode came on 12 December 1937.During the USS Panay incident, the Japanese military bombed and sank the American gunboat Panay while it was anchored in the Yangtze River outside Nanking in China. Three American sailors were killed. Japan and the United States were at peace. The Japanese claimed that they had not seen the American flags painted on the deck of the gunboat and then apologized and paid an indemnity. Nevertheless, the attack outraged Americans and caused US opinion to turn against the Japanese. One of <mask>'s closest and most influential Japanese friends and allies was Prince Tokugawa Iesato (1863–1940), the president of Japan's upper house, the House of Peers. During most of the 1930s, both men worked together in various creative diplomatic ways to promote goodwill between their nations.The adjoining photograph showed them having tea together in 1937 after attending a goodwill event to commemorate the 25th anniversary Japanese gift of cherry blossom trees to the US in 1912. The Garden Club of America reciprocated by giving flowering trees to Japan. The historian Jonathan Utley argues in Before Pearl Harbor that <mask> took the position that Japan had legitimate economic and security interests in Greater East Asia and that he hoped that President Roosevelt and Secretary of State Hull would accommodate them by high-level negotiations. However, Roosevelt, Hull, and other top American officials strongly opposed the massive Japanese intervention in China, and they negotiated with China to send American warplanes and with Britain and the Netherlands to cut off sales of steel and oil, which Japan needed for aggressive warfare. Other historians argue that Grew put far too much trust in the power of his moderate friends in the Japanese government. On January 27, 1941, <mask> secretly cabled the State Department with rumors passed on by the Peruvian Minister to Japan:


title: Joseph Grew

texts:
 "Japan military forces planned a surprise mass attack at Pearl Harbor in case of 'trouble' with the United States." <mask>'s own published account of 1944 stated, "There is a lot of talk around town [Tokyo] to the effect that the Japanese in case of a break with the United States, are planning to go all out in a surprise mass attack on Pearl Harbor."<mask>'s report was provided to Admiral Harold R. Stark, Chief of Naval Operations, and Admiral Husband Kimmel, Commander-in-chief of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, but it was discounted by everyone involved in Washington, D.C., and Hawaii. Grew served as ambassador until December 8, 1941, when the United States and Japan severed diplomatic relations during the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor. All Allied diplomats were later interned. On April 18, 1942, US B-25 bombers flew from an American carrier and carried out the Doolittle Raid of bombing Tokyo and other cities. Grew witnessed the attack while he was interned. When he realized that the low-flying planes over Tokyo were American, not Japanese planes on maneuvers, he thought they may have flown from the Aleutian Islands, as they appeared too large to be from a carrier. <mask> wrote in his memoirs that embassy staff were "very happy and proud."In accordance with diplomatic treaties, the US and Japan negotiated the repatriation of their diplomats via neutral territory. In July 1942, <mask> and 1,450 other American and foreign citizens went via steamship from Tokyo to Lourenço Marques in Portuguese East Africa aboard the Japanese liner Asama Maru and her backup, the Italian liner Conte Verde. In exchange, the US sent home the Japanese diplomats, along with 1,096 other Japanese citizens. Atomic bomb dilemma
<mask> wrote in 1942 that he expected Nazi Germany to collapse, like the German Empire in 1918, but not the Japanese Empire:

Under Secretary of State (1944–1945)
<mask> returned to Washington in 1942 and served as a special assistant to Secretary Hull.

masks: Grew Grew Grew Grew Grew Grew


title: Joseph Grew

texts:
 In 1944, he was promoted to  director of the Division of Far Eastern Affairs. From December 1944 to August 1945, he served once again as undersecretary of state. A fierce anticommunist, he opposed co-operation with the Soviets.Roosevelt wanted closer relationships with <mask>, unlike the new President, Harry Truman. <mask> was again appointed as Under Secretary of State and served from December 20, 1944 to August 15, 1945. He served as the Acting Secretary of State for most January to August 1945 while Secretaries of State Edward Stettinius and James F. Byrnes were away at conferences. Among high-level officials in Washington, <mask> was the most knowledgeable regarding Japanese issues. He was also the author of an influential book about Japan, titled Ten Years in Japan. <mask> advocated a soft peace that would be acceptable to the Japanese people and would maintain an honorable status for the Emperor. He successfully opposed treating the Emperor as a war criminal and thereby prepared the way for a speedy Japanese surrender and the friendly postwar relations during which Japan was closely supervised by American officials.Forcible return of Soviet prisoners-of-war
By May 1945, the U.S. held a number of Soviet prisoners-of-war (POWs) who had been captured while serving voluntarily or involuntarily in some capacity in the German Army, mostly as rear area personnel (ammunition bearers, cooks, drivers, sanitation orderlies, or guards). Unlike the German prisoners, who were looking forward to release at war's end, the Soviet prisoners urgently requested asylum in the United States or at least repatriation to a country not under Soviet occupation, as they knew they would be shot by Stalin as traitors for being captured (under Soviet law, surrender incurred the death penalty). The question of the Soviet POWs' conduct was difficult to determine but not their fate if repatriated. Most Soviet POWs stated that they had been given a choice by the Germans:

masks:
Joseph Stalin
Grew
Grew
Grew


title: Joseph Grew

texts:
 volunteer for labor duty with the German army or be turned over to the Gestapo for execution or service in an Arbeitslager (a camp used to work prisoners until they died of starvation or illness). In any case, in Stalin's eyes, they were dead men, as they had been captured alive, "contaminated" by contact with those in bourgeois Western nations, and found in service with the German Army. Notified of their impending transfer to Soviet authorities, a riot at their POW camp erupted. No one was killed by the guards, but some POWS were wounded, and others hanged themselves.Truman granted the men a temporary reprieve, but <mask>, as Acting Secretary of State, signed an order on July 11, 1945 forcing the repatriation of the Soviet POWs to the Soviet Union. Soviet co-operation, it was believed, would prove necessary to remake the face of postwar Europe. On August 31, 1945, the 153 survivors were officially returned to the Soviet Union; their ultimate fate is unknown. Other work
<mask>'s book Sport and Travel in the Far East was a favorite one of Theodore Roosevelt's. The introduction to the 1910 Houghton Mifflin printing of the book features the following introduction written by Roosevelt:

In 1945, after Grew left the State Department, he wrote two volumes of professional memoirs, published in 1952. Personal life

<mask> married Alice Perry (b. 1884), the daughter of premier American impressionist painter Lilla Cabot Perry (1848–1933), daughter of Dr. Samuel Cabot (of the New England Cabots).Alice's father was noted American scholar Thomas Sergeant Perry (1845–1928). Through her paternal grandfather, Alice was a great-granddaughter of famed American naval hero Oliver Hazard Perry. Together, <mask> and Alice were the parents of:

 Lilla Cabot <mask> (1907–1994), who married Jay Pierrepont Moffat (1896–1943), the American Ambassador to Canada, in 1927. Elizabeth Sturgis <mask> (1912–1998), who married Cecil B. Lyon. He died two days before his 85th

masks: Grew Grew Grew Joseph Grew Grew


title: Joseph Grew

texts:
 birthday on May 25, 1965. Descendants
<mask>'s grandson, Jay Pierrepont Moffat, Jr. (b. 1932), was the United States Ambassador to Chad from 1983 to 1985.In popular culture
In the 1970 film Tora! Tora! Tora!, a historical drama about the 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the part of US Ambassador <mask> was played by Meredith Weatherby. Published works
 Sport and Travel in the Far East, 1910
 Report From Tokyo, 1942
 Ten Years in Japan, 1944
 Turbulent Era, Volume I, 1952
 Turbulent Era, Volume II, 1952

See also
 Japan–United States relations

References

Further reading
 Bennett, Edward M. (1999). "<mask>, <mask> (1880–1965)". American National Biography. .
 DeConde, Alexander, et al. Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy (4 vols.2002). <mask>, <mask>. (1952). Turbulent Era: A Diplomatic Record of Forty Years, 1904–1945. Books for Libraries Press. Heinrichs, Waldo H. (1966). American ambassador: <mask><mask> and the development of the United States diplomatic tradition . A standard scholarly biography.Katz, Stan S. (2019). The Art of Peace: An Illustrated Biography on Prince Iyesato Tokugawa. Excerpt. Pelz, Stephen (1985). "Gulick and Grew: Errands into the East Asian Wilderness". 13#4: 606–611. .
 Utley, Jonathan G. (1985). Going to War with Japan, 1937–1941.U of Tennessee Press. External links

 The Political Graveyard: <mask>. Grew
 United States Department of State: Chiefs of Mission by Country, 1778–2005

1880 births
1965 deaths
20th-century American diplomats
20th-century American non-fiction writers
Acting United States Secretaries of State
Ambassadors of the United States to Denmark
Ambassadors of the United States to Japan
Ambassadors of the United States to Switzerland
Ambassadors of the United States to Turkey
American expatriates in Japan
American people of World War II
Groton School alumni
Harvard College alumni
People from Boston
United States Foreign Service personnel
United States Under Secretaries of State
Writers

masks:
Grew
Joseph Grew
Grew
Joseph Clark
Grew
Joseph C
Joseph C
. Grew
Joseph C


title: Jacob Kwakye-Maafo

texts:
<mask> (born 1940), also known as Nana Ohemeng Awere V, is a Ghanaian physician and a surgeon who specialises in Obstetrics and Gynecology and traditional ruler of Assin Nsuta and the chief executive of the West End Hospital, Kumasi. A past president of the Ghana Medical Association, he is an advocate of community health and has helped establish several health centres, rural hospitals and clinics in the Ashanti Region of Ghana notably the Ankaasi Faith Healing Methodist Hospital and the Lake Clinic at Amakom near Lake Bosomtwi. He was a member of the committee set up by the government of Ghana in 2003, tasked with the implementation of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana. Kwakye-Maafo is the elder brother of Yaw Osafo-Maafo, the former finance minister during the John Kufuor administration and Isaac Adjei-Maafo, who was a Minister of Agriculture and later head of the Ghana Cocoa Board during the PNDC era. Early life and education
<mask> had his primary education at Awisa Presbyterian Boarding School, Akim-Awisa, in the Eastern Region of Ghana, from 1944 to 1953. In January 1954 he entered the Abuakwa State College. In January 1959, he entered sixth form at the Opoku Ware School in Kumasi, where he passed his Cambridge High School Certificate in 1960.In August 1961 he was awarded the Ghana Government Scholarship to study Medicine in Germany where he studied German at the University of Leipzig and University of Greifswald in 1962; he was admitted to the Freie University of Berlin, under the German/Ghanaian Scholarship Programme DAAD. He graduated as a Medical Practitioner after passing the State Examination (Staatsexamens) in September 1968. In 1971 he was awarded the Doctor of Medicine (MD) Degree at the Freie University, Berlin (MB, ChB). After qualification, he worked in several hospitals in Berlin including the Rudolf VIRCHOW, Westend Klinikum and the Frauenklinik am Mariendorferweg. Career
As a committed and patriotic citizen,

masks:
Jacob Kenneth Kofi Kwakye Maafo
Jacob Kenneth Kwakye Maafo


title: Alex Wojciechowicz

texts:
<mask>Wojie<mask> (; August 12, 1915 – July 13, 1992) was an American football player from 1935 to 1950. He was a two-way player who played at center on offense and at linebacker on defense. He has been inducted into both the College and Pro Football Halls of Fame, was a founder and the first president of the NFL Alumni Association, and was the third player to receive the Order of the Leather Helmet. <mask> played college football for the Fordham Rams from 1935 to 1937 and was a member of the line that became known as the Seven Blocks of Granite. He was selected as the consensus first-team All-American center in both 1936 and 1937. <mask> was selected by the Detroit Lions in the first round of the 1938 NFL Draft and played for the Lions from 1938 to 1946. He was selected as a first-team All-NFL player in 1939 and 1944.In 1946, he was released by the Lions and then sold to the Philadelphia Eagles, for whom he played from 1946 to 1950. He won two NFL championships with the Eagles, in 1948 and 1949. Early years
<mask> was born in 1915 in South River, New Jersey, and attended South River High School. His father, <mask> (1890–1974), was a Polish immigrant and tailor. College football
<mask> enrolled at Fordham University in 1935 and played college football as the center for the Fordham Rams football team from 1935 to 1937. He was a member of the Fordham line, alongside Vince Lombardi, that became known as the Seven Blocks of Granite. The undefeated 1937 Fordham team, with Wojciechowicz at center, compiled a 7–0–1 record, was ranked #3 in the final AP Poll, and gave up only 16 points all season.He was selected as the consensus first-team All-American center in both 1936 and 1937. Fordham coach Jim Crowley called <mask> "one of the great

masks:
Alexander Francis "
" Wojciechowicz
Wojciechowicz
Wojciechowicz
Wojciechowicz
Andrew Wojciechowicz
Wojciechowicz
Wojciechowicz


title: Alex Wojciechowicz

texts:
 defensive centers" and noted that he "seldom made a bad pass from center." He made a name for himself in the annual rivalry games with Pittsburgh, resulting in three consecutive scoreless ties. The final tie was the only blemish on the record of the 1937 Pitt team that won the national championship in the AP Poll. <mask> later cited the Pitt games as his three biggest thrills in football, saying, "Pitt had the dream backfield, with all-America Marshall Goldberg, and we had the dream line. It was a stalemate for three years. Those three games proved what football is all about."Professional football

Detroit Lions
<mask> was selected by the Detroit Lions in the first round, sixth overall pick, of the 1938 NFL Draft. He signed with the Lions in July 1938. For nine years, <mask> was a fixture in the Lions' lineup, a 60-minute player who played at center on offense and linebacker on defense. He was selected as a first-team All-NFL player in 1939 and 1944 and had seven interceptions in 1944, a Lions single-season record at the time. Between 1938 and 1946, he appeared in 86 games for the Lions, 61 of them as a starter. The Pro Football Hall of Fame, in its biography of <mask>, states: "On the field, . . . he was all business, one of the last of the 'iron men' of football, a center on offense and a sure-tackling linebacker with unusually good range, on defense."In October 1946, after the Lions lost their season opener, Detroit coach Gus Dorais released four linemen, including <mask>. <mask> announced at the time that he would return to his business in New Jersey and added, "This day had to come, and I can't say I'm disappointed that it happened now." Philadelphia Eagles
Two days after the Lions announced his release, the Eagles purchased

masks: Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz


title: Alex Wojciechowicz

texts:
 the Lions' rights to Wojciechowicz for an undisclosed sum. He appeared in seven games for the Eagles, only one as a starter, during the 1946 season. In 1947, he became the Eagles' starting center, appearing in all 12 games for the club, 11 as a starter. The 1947 Eagles compiled an 8–4 record, finished in first place in the NFL East, but lost to the Cardinals in the 1947 NFL Championship Game. In 1948, <mask> lost the starting center job to Vic Lindskog, but appeared in 10 games, mostly on defense, for the 1948 Eagles team that shut out the Cardinals in the 1948 NFL Championship Game.In 1949, he appeared in all 12 games, but only one as a starter, as Chuck Bednarik was the starting center for the Eagles team. That year, the Eagles won their second consecutive NFL championship, shutting out the Rams in the 1949 NFL Championship Game. He was considered past his prime when he joined the Eagles, but head coach Greasy Neale used him principally as a linebacker, and he responded with quality defensive play. Teammate Jack Hinkle called <mask> the "toughest guy" on the Eagles' championship teams and added, "He looked like a big, shaggy dog. A sad-eyed St. Bernard. But he'd rip your head off." In his final NFL season, <mask> appeared in nine games, none as a starter, and saw only limited action.In December 1950, he announced that he was retiring as a player. Family, honors and later years
<mask> was married to Katherine Mallen, and they had three sons and a daughter. For many years after retiring from the NFL, he lived in Wanamassa, New Jersey, and worked as a real estate appraiser and broker. <mask> was also one of the founders of the NFL Alumni Association, established to negotiate with the owners for the creation of a pension plan to

masks: Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz


title: Alex Wojciechowicz

texts:
 benefit the game's early players, and was elected as its president in 1968. His son recalled: "He worked hard to establish the indigent players' fund and establish pensions." After retiring from football, Wojciechowicz received numerous honors including the following:
 In 1955, he was inducted to the College Football Hall of Fame. In 1968, he was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.At the time, Bill Daley wrote in The New York Times: "Fewer than a dozen men had the durability and continuing excellence to survive the rigors of smashing play for a longer period of time." In 1969, he was selected to the National Football League 1940s All-Decade Team. In 1970, he was one of the five inaugural inductees into the Fordham University Athletic Hall of Fame. In 1971, he was inducted into the New Jersey All Sports Hall of Fame. In 1975, <mask> was inducted into the National Polish American Sports Hall of Fame. In 1982, he became the third player, after Bronko Nagurski and Red Grange, to receive the prestigious NFL Alumni Order of the Leather Helmet. In 1987, he was inducted into the Eagles Hall of Fame.<mask> died in 1992 at his home in the Forked River section of Lacey Township, New Jersey, at age 76. References

External links

1915 births
1992 deaths
All-American college football players
American football centers
American football linebackers
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
Detroit Lions players
Fordham Rams football players
Fordham University alumni
People from South River, New Jersey
Philadelphia Eagles players
Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees
American people of Polish descent
Players of American football from New Jersey
Sportspeople from Lacey Township, New Jersey
Sportspeople from Middlesex County, New

masks: Wojciechowicz Wojciechowicz


title: Abhaya Induruwa

texts:
<mask> () is the inaugural Professor V K Samaranayake Endowed Professor of Computing,  University of Colombo School of Computing, Sri Lanka. Having served as the Director of Cyber Innovation Hub he recently retired from the Canterbury Christ Church University in the United Kingdom where he researched into security and forensic investigation of Internet of Things (IoT). Currently he is engaged in promoting IoT in digital agriculture as a disruptive technology, primarily in developing countries, leading to smart agriculture resulting in higher yields in food production. Induruwa is considered the father of Internet in Sri Lanka. Education

After spending three years of his early primary education at Kahagolla Madya Maha Vidyalaya, Diyatalawa, he was admitted  to Nalanda College, Colombo from where he proceeded to the University of Sri Lanka, Katubedda Campus. He is the first student to graduate with a First Class Honours degree in Electrical or Electronics Engineering since the inception of the University of Sri Lanka, Katubedda Campus, and is the recipient of the Prof Om Prakash Kulshreshtha award for the Best Electrical and Electronic Engineering student in 1975. In September 1976 he proceeded to Imperial College London and in January 1980 he was awarded PhD from the University of London for his research on Computer Simulation Techniques in Power Systems Planning.His research supervisor was Emeritus Professor Brian J. Cory. Professional career
<mask> founded the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Moratuwa in 1985, the first and the only department of its kind in a Sri Lankan university, and served as its Head until 1998. In 1989 he pioneered and served as the Principal Investigator of project LEARN (Lanka Education and Research Network), which he developed into the

masks:
Abhaya Induruwa
Induruwa


title: Abhaya Induruwa

texts:
 academic Internet in Sri Lanka
. He obtained funds from the Sri Lankan government and other well wishers, commissioned staff and resources, provided technical and managerial leadership, and led the project LEARN to completion in 1995. He also administered the .LK domain since its first registration in 1990 until 1998. <mask> is a founding member of the Internet Society (ISOC - Kobe, 1992) and a member of the Internet Society Sri Lanka Chapter. He serves as a Member of the Advisory Group of the  Asia Internet History project, and is a contributing author.He is a Chartered Engineer, a Chartered Fellow of the  Institution of Engineering and Technology, UK, Chartered Fellow of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka, and a Chartered Fellow of the British Computer Society. Induruwa is a founding member of the Computer Society of Sri Lanka (1976). In recognition of his services to computer education and IT industry in Sri Lanka the Honorary Fellowship of the Computer Society of Sri Lanka was conferred on him in 2003. In recognition of his signal contribution to the growth, connectivity, and use of the Internet in Sri Lanka, and for pioneering LEARN - the first IP WAN in Sri Lanka  Induruwa was inducted to the Internet Hall of Fame 2014, an honorary lifetime achievement award administered by the Internet Society. Recognising his significant contribution to the development of networking and Internet in Sri Lanka Induruwa was honoured by the Internet Society Sri Lanka Chapter with an Internet Pioneers Award at the celebration of 20 years of Internet in Sri Lanka in June 2015. For his exceptional contribution to the digital arena Prof <mask> received a Life Time Achievement Award from Sri Lanka Telecom in June 2017. In October 2019, at the 30th anniversary celebrations of LEARN, he received the LEARN Founder

masks: Induruwa Induruwa


title: Abhaya Induruwa

texts:
 Award from H E Maithripala Sirisena, the President of Sri Lanka, for proposing in 1989 the conceptual design for an academic and research network in Sri Lanka, and implementing the same between 1990-1995, finally connecting to the Internet in 1996.Prof <mask> served on the Internet Hall of Fame Advisory Board from 2016 until 2018. From 2016 to 2019 he served as a Member of the General Assembly of the European Cybercrime Education and Training Group (ECTEG) of the Europol. In 2018 he served as an Expert on Cybercrime to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) on their Education for Justice (E4J) project. In 2019 he served as an Expert to the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BelSPO) to evaluate project proposals under BRAIN-BE 2.0 (Belgian Research Action Through Interdisciplinary Networks). Life Time Achievement Awards
2003 - Honorary Fellow of the Computer Society of Sri Lanka recognizing the distinguished services to the ICT education and ICT profession in Sri Lanka

2014 - Internet Hall of Fame Lifetime Achievement Award of the Internet Society (ISOC) for pioneering IP networking and Internet in Sri Lanka

2015 - Internet Pioneers Award of the Internet Society-Sri Lanka (ISOC-LK) Chapter celebrating 20 years of Internet in Sri Lanka

2017 - Sri Lanka Telecom Zero-One Lifetime Achievement Award for exceptional contribution to the digital arena

2019 - LEARN Founder Award for proposing, designing and implementing academic and research networking, and pioneering Internet in Sri Lanka

Recent published work
 "Hybrid Intrusion Detection System for Smart Home Applications" (Chapter 12) in Developing and Monitoring Smart Environments for Intelligent Cities (Edited by Zaigham Mahmood), IGI Global, October 2020. "Snapshot of Internet in Sri Lanka around 2020" in Asia Internet History -


title: Abhaya Induruwa

texts:
 Everything:  How secure should it be? ", Keynote Speech delivered at the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Research in Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (), 20–22 November 2015, Kolkata, India. "A (brief) Moment in Internet History", Address delivered at the 20 Years of Internet in Sri Lanka, 8 June 2015, Colombo, Sri Lanka. "Making and Breaking the Internet", Guest Speaker at the , 18 December 2014, Perth, Australia. "Distributed Computation: Its impact on Network Security and Forensics", Keynote Speech delivered at the 2014 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks, 14–16 November 2014, Kolkata, India."ICT for Inclusive Development of Sri Lanka beyond 2020", Keynote Speech delivered at the 32nd National IT Conference of the Computer Society of Sri Lanka, 26–27 August 2014, Colombo, Sri Lanka. "Intelligent Future", Seventh Annual Professor V K Samaranayake Memorial Oration delivered at the University of Colombo School of Computing, 23 July 2014, Colombo, Sri Lanka. "Hidden in the Clouds: Impact on Data Security and Forensic Investigation", Keynote Speech delivered at the International Conference on ICT for Emerging Regions, 1–2 September 2011, Colombo, Sri Lanka. "Cyberwar - How Real is the Threat? ", Keynote Speech delivered at the 29th National IT Conference of the Computer Society of Sri Lanka, 24–25 August 2011, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Interviews

References

Sources

 Interview with Prof <mask> <mask>, Father of Internet in Sri Lanka

Sinhalese engineers
Sinhalese academics
Alumni of Nalanda College, Colombo
Academics of Canterbury Christ Church University
1950 births
Living people
Sri Lankan computer scientists
Sri Lankan expatriate academics
Fellows of the British Computer Society
Fellows of the Institution of Engineering

masks: Abhaya Induruwa


title: John II of Trebizond

texts:
<mask> (, Iōannēs Megas Komnēnos) (c. 1262 – 16 August 1297) was Emperor of Trebizond from 1280 to 1297. He was the youngest son of Emperor Manuel I and his third wife, Irene Syrikaina, a Trapezuntine noblewoman. <mask> succeeded to the throne after his full-brother George was betrayed by his archons on the mountain of Taurezion. It was during his reign that the style of the rulers of Trebizond changed; until then, they claimed the traditional title of the Byzantine emperors, "Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans", but from <mask> on they changed it to "Emperor and Autocrat of all the East, the Iberians, and the Transmarine Provinces", although Iberia had been lost in the reign of Andronikos I Gidos. <mask> is the first ruler of Trebizond for whom we know more than a few incidents and hints; there is enough information to compose a connected narrative of the first part of his reign. The chronicle of Michael Panaretos, which is often terse and even cryptic, is relatively full for <mask>'s reign, and external sources add further details to Panaretos' account. Emperor <mask> faced many challenges to his rule, which partly explains his marriage to the daughter of the Byzantine emperor <mask>ologos.This insecurity may explain the sole instance where two emperors of Trebizond appear on the coins of this polity: <mask> and his oldest son, Alexios. By associating himself with his son Alexios on these coins, <mask> may be advertising his choice for his successor. Life
<mask> was born ca. 1262/3, the son of Manuel I (reigned 1238–1263) and his wife, Irene Syrikaina. <mask>'s reign was marked from the beginning with instability. He came to the throne in June 1280, following the

masks:
John II Megas Komos
John
John II
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Michael VIII Palai
John
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John


title: John II of Trebizond

texts: betrayal and death of his brother George (r. 1266–1280) by his own officials. His first recorded act as Emperor was in 1281, when he received an embassy from <mask> Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282) consisting of George Acropolites and a prominent churchman by the name of Xiphilinos; the goal of this mission was to convince <mask> to discontinue using the title of "Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans".Michael had gained the throne of the Empire of Nicaea through a coup against the youthful heir <mask> IV Laskaris some 20 years before, then gained possession of Constantinople itself from the Latin Empire, and based on this achievement Michael believed that only he had the right to this title. This was not the only reason the Byzantine emperor regarded <mask> as a threat: some opponents of Michael's acceptance of union with the Western Church saw <mask> as a viable Orthodox candidate for the imperial throne. Michael considered high-ranking members of the Byzantine aristocracy who refused to embrace the union as threats to his reign, and they were imprisoned, flogged, blinded, or murdered. Michael had repeatedly petitioned <mask>'s predecessors to discontinue using the traditional imperial title. When Acropolites and Xiphilinos presented the invitation of his daughter's hand in return for ceding his ancestral title, <mask> refused this offer. <mask> replied that he was following the precedent set by his predecessors and that the nobility of Trebizond would not allow him to renounce the traditional title. Once Akropolites left Trebizond, <mask> was faced with a rebellion led by one Papadopoulos, which according to Finlay gained control of the citadel and made <mask> their

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John
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John


title: John II of Trebizond

texts: prisoner.Finlay states that while it is not "possible to establish the complicity of the Byzantine agents in this business", he considers that they likely had a hand in the matter. As Finlay points out, regardless of Michael's possible machinations, "there cannot be a doubt that it [the revolt] was the cause of producing a great change in the views of the emperor of Trebizond and his court". Following the suppression of Papadopoulos' revolt, a second embassy from Michael arrived at Trebizond, composed of Demetrios Iatropoulos, logothetes ton oikeiakon, and a high ecclesiastic, who offered the bargain once again. This time <mask> agreed to the marriage, but explained it was impossible for him to lay aside the imperial title, which had been borne by his ancestors. "The title of Basileus, the purple boots, the robes embroidered with eagles, and the prostrations of the powerful chiefs of the aristocracy, were dear to the pride of the citizens of Trebizond, and attached them to the person of the emperors." After pledges of sincerity from Michael were made, <mask> agreed to the marriage. However, when he reached Constantinople, his hosts induced him, before he entered the city, to lay aside his purple boots and imperial robes out of respect for Michael Palaiologos—despite the fact his future father-in-law was absent campaigning against the Turks.In exchange for this concession, Michael awarded <mask> with the title of Despot. Michael died before the wedding took place. While <mask> was away at Constantinople, David VI Narin, the Georgian King of Imereti, besieged the capital. Though King David failed to take the city, the Georgians occupied several provinces. <mask> left

masks: John John John John John


title: John II of Trebizond

texts: for Trebizond on 25 April 1282 with his new wife, Eudokia Palaiologina. Not long after <mask> arrived home, he was confronted by two new threats to his reign. The first was from his half-brother George, who returned to Trebizond and made an unsuccessful attempt to seize the throne.Next was his half-sister Theodora, daughter of Manuel I by his Georgian wife, Rusudan, who apparently deposed him in 1284 to rule for a short time before making a "sudden flight" (in Michael Panaretos' words) from Trebizond;  Michel Kuršanskis suggests he may have taken refuge in Tripolis. <mask> was restored to the throne no later than 1285. Panaretos, our primary source for his reign, offers us few details about the remainder of his reign. His account of <mask>'s reign—which amounts to three paragraphs—concludes with the statement that it was "during his reign the Turks seized Chalybia and launched a great invasion, so that all those places became uninhabited." During the 1290s, the Ünye fortress on the western border of the country was built by him. <mask> died at Limnia in 1297. <mask>, in his Logos, notes that when his son Alexios succeeded him, the western part of his realm was under heavy pressure from "the godless Agarenes" and only Kerasous, part of Chalybia, Oinaion, and "the thirteen towns or forts of Limnia" remained to the Empire; <mask> may have been leading his forces against the enemy when he died.His body was transported to his capital and interred in the Panagia Chrysokephalos Church ("Golden-headed" Virgin). Portraits of <mask> and his wife Eudokia could be seen in the church of St. Gregory of Nyssa, prior to its reconstruction in 1863. These portraits were notable that

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John
John
John
John
John Lazaropoulos
John
John


title: John II of Trebizond

texts:
 his robes were adorned with the single-headed eagle "the special emblem of the Comneni of Trebizond", while her robes bore the double-headed eagle of Byzantium. Foreign policy
It was in the later half of <mask>'s reign that his Empire attracted attention from the West. For most of the 13th century, Trebizond had not been on the minds of Western leaders: for example, they had played no part in the Council of Lyons in 1274. That changed in the 1290s. Pope Nicholas IV wrote two letters in 1291 inviting <mask> II to convert to Catholicism, join in a new crusade for the recovery of the Holy Land and be Christianity's envoy to the Mongols.The following year an English embassy to the Mongols passed through Trebizond; Anthony Bryer notes <mask> did little for them except lend them "his palace chef to show how the local delicacies of the Empire were cooked." About this time a Genoese colony was established in Trebizond, perhaps as early as 1290, for the English embassy records meeting a merchant of Genoa, Nicolo d'Oria, in Trebizond; he may have been the Genoese consul. Also in the first years of this decade there is evidence that the Franciscans established a convent in Trebizond, which not only served as their base for evangelizing Anatolia, but provided friars to minister to the Genoese in that city. Family and succession
<mask> is known to have two sons by Eudokia Palaiologina:
 Alexios II, who succeeded as emperor
 Michael

References

External links
Vougiouklaki Penelope, "<mask> II Grand Komnenos", Encyclopedia of the Hellenic World: Asia Minor

1262 births
1297 deaths
13th-century emperors of Trebizond
Grand Komnenos dynasty
Eastern Orthodox monarchs
Despots

masks:
John
John
John
John II
John


title: Heinrich Hora

texts:
<mask> (born 1931 in Bodenbach, Czechoslovakia) is a German-Australian theoretical physicist who made contributions to solid state physics, optical properties of plasma with relativistic and quantum effects and nonlinear dynamics with applications of lasers for producing nuclear fusion energy. He lives in Sydney where he is an emeritus professor at the University of New South Wales and a former vice-president of the Royal Society of New South Wales. Academic career and achievements

As foundation professor of theoretical physics at the University of New South Wales from 1975 and emeritus from 1992 he established the Department of Theoretical Physics, where a number of students received the university medal, with a record level of publications and where he supervised most of his 25 PhD students. Guest and adjunct professorships include ones at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the universities of Rochester, Bern, Iowa, Giessen, Tokyo, Regensburg, Osaka, Western Sydney and the Weizmann Institute. For seven years he was active in industrial research at Zeiss, IBM, Westinghouse and Siemens. He also was involved with research for 12 years at the Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics in Garching near Munich, Germany and for one year as attache remun. at CERN (Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire, or European Council for Nuclear Research) in Geneva, Switzerland.He consulted  to the laser movie "Der Verräter" in the TV series "Das Blaue Palais". His taped lecture course at CERN (1991) about laser acceleration of particles contributed to Gerard Mourou's PeV particle acceleration. His discoveries include


title: Heinrich Hora

texts: the volume mechanism for photo-electric emission, sub-threshold defect generation by electron beams for producing semiconductor junctions with application in solar cells. Prof. <mask>'s first publication about growth of diamond crystals by physical vapour deposition became an IBM patent in 1964. His first general formula for nuclear energy gain at laser compression and thermal ignition of fusion led to his subsequent discovery of volume ignition (later confirmed by John Archibald Wheeler as "Wheeler modes"). Against established knowledge, he discovered electron acceleration in vacuum by lasers based on nonlinearity. His derivation of the nonlinear (ponderomotive) forces of laser-plasma interaction including dielectric effects in the Maxwellian stress tensor led to the prediction of ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks being confirmed experimentally by Sauerbrey with application to a new laser fusion energy scheme as block ignition of uncompressed fuel resulting in a possible nuclear energy production with less radioactivity than burning coal.He discovered the general mechanism of ponderomotive and relativistic self-focusing. His theory for crossing electron and laser beams within media (Schwarz-Hora effect) led to the discovery of the correspondence principle of electromagnetic interaction and following Nathan Rosen to nonlocality and quantum entangling. Based on the importance of including usually neglected very tiny quantities as the longitudinal field components of laser beams led to the formulation of the nonlinearity principle showing how nonlinear physics is changing from wrong linear physics into


title: Heinrich Hora

texts:
 correct understanding. Hora initiated advanced schemes of laser driven fusion energy and became Director of the  foundation of SAFE (Society to Advance Fusion Energy) with the president Luella LaMeer Slaner from the traditional billionaires North of Manhattan and George H. Miley as executive director, to push through a law for spending $20 billion for nuclear fusion research finally signed by President Jimmy Carter in 1980. This led finally to the scheme of laser pulses of 30 kilojoule energy to produce gigajoule energy from the clean reaction of uncompressed proton-boron fuel resulting in less radioactivity than burning coal. By 2017 he and associated startup HB11 had committed to hydrogen-boron fusion
and in February 2020 announced patents on the technique using a petawatt laser. Family and personal life

<mask> and his late wife Rosemarie Hora † 2007, née Weiler, have six children and sixteen grandchildren.Degrees and awards

D. Sc. (UNSW), Dr. rer. nat. (Jena), Dipl. Physiker (Halle-Wittenberg), FAIP, FInstP (London), FRSN

Ritter-von-Gerstner Medal (1985)
Edward-Teller Medal (1991)
Dirac Medal (2001)
Ernst-Mach Medal (2002)

Books

Editor
 Founder and editor-in-chief of "Laser and Particle Beams", Cambridge University Press (1982–1991)
 Co-editor of P.A.M. Dirac "Direction of Physics", Wiley, New York 1978 (also Russian and Japanese)
 Co-editor of "Edward Teller Lectures", Imperial College London 2005
 Founder and co-editor of Conference Series "Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena", Plenum Press New York, 12 volumes 1971–1992

Author
 H. Hora. Laser Plasmas and Nuclear Energy. Plenum, New


title: Heinrich Hora

texts:
 York, 1975, 464 pages.H<mask>. Nonlinear Plasma Dynamics. Springer, Heidelberg 1979, 250 pages. H<mask>. Physics of Laser-Driven Plasmas. Wiley, New York 1981, 334 pages (also in Russian). S. Eliezer, A.K.Ghatak, and H<mask> (foreword by Edward Teller). Introduction to the Equations of State. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986, 378 pages. .
 H. Hora. Plasmas at High Temperature and Density. Springer, Heidelberg 1991, 456 pages. , 2nd edition paperback, S. Roderer, Regensburg 2000,
 H. Hora. Elektrodynamik.S. Roderer, Regensburg, 1994, 192 pages, . H<mask>. Nonlinear Force and Pondermotion. ILE Osaka 1996, 208 pages . H<mask>. Innovation, Technologie & Ökonomie. S. Roderer, Regensburg 1998, 248p.(2nd edition 2000)
 H<mask>. Laser Plasma Physics – Forces and the Nonlinearity Principle. Spie Press 2000, Bellingham, WA, 232p. H. <mask>. Laser Plasma Physics – Forces and the Nonlinearity Principle. Spie Press 2016, Bellingham, WA, 350p. S. Eliezer, A.K.Ghatak, and H<mask>. Fundamentals of Equations of State. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 2002, 385p. <mask>ra. Keine Klimakatstrophe – es ist viel schlimmer (No Climatic Catastrophe – it is much worse) 202 pages, Sydney 2007,  same: Klimakatastrophe Überwinden. Roderer-Verlag, Regensburg 2007, 202 pages
 <mask> Klimaprobleme – Lösungwege, S. Roderer-Verlag, Regensburg 2010, 256 pages,

See also
Aneutronic fusion

References

External links
University of New South Wales – School of Physics

1931 births
Living people
Theoretical physicists
20th-century German physicists
20th-century Australian physicists
People associated with CERN
People from

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. Hora
. Hora
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. Hora
Hora
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Heinrich Ho
Heinrich Hora


title: Nicholas Vaux, 1st Baron Vaux of Harrowden

texts:
<mask>, 1st Baron <mask> of Harrowden (c. 1460 – 14 May 1523) was a soldier and courtier in England and an early member of the House of Commons. He was the son of Lancastrian loyalists Sir <mask> of Harrowden and Katherine Penyson (or Peniston as she is sometimes called in later sources), a lady of the household of Queen Margaret of Anjou, wife of the Lancastrian king, Henry VI of England. Katherine was daughter of Gregorio Panizzone of Courticelle (modern Cortiglione), in Piedmont, Italy which was at that time subject to King René of Anjou, father of Queen Margaret of Anjou, as ruler of Provence. He grew up during the years of Yorkist rule and later served under the founder of the Tudor dynasty, Henry VII. Overview
<mask>'s mother, Katherine, an attendant on Margaret of Anjou, remained constant to her mistress when others forsook the Lancastrian cause. Katherine's husband, Sir <mask>, whom she had married not long before she obtained her letters of denization, was attainted in 1461 and later slain at the Battle of Tewkesbury. Despite her husband's misfortune, <mask> remained loyal to her mistress: she stayed by the Queen during her imprisonment in the Tower of London, and on Margaret's release in 1476 went with her into exile (as she had done earlier in the 1460s), living with her until her death six years later.Katherine's two children did not share either her confinement or her travels abroad; instead, <mask> and his sister Joan, were brought up in the household of Lady Margaret Beaufort (mother of Henry VII), without charge, even though Edward IV restored two manors to the family for the maintenance of him and his sister. Katherine's devotion was rewarded after the triumph of Henry VII at Bosworth, where <mask>, as a protégé of Lady Margaret Beaufort, probably fought under her husband Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby; the petition for the reversal

masks:
Nicholas Vaux
Vaux
William Vaux
Nicholas Vaux
William Vaux
Katherine Vaux
Nicholas Vaux
Nicholas Vaux


texts:
 of the attainder on <mask>'s father and the forfeiture of his property was accepted by the King in the Parliament of 1485, and not long after <mask> was named to the commission of the peace for his home county. Politics
He fought for Henry VII at Stoke and Blackheath, being knighted on the field for his service in both battles. Not only was he active and diligent in local government but he was also frequently at court attending all the great state occasions at home and abroad until his death; in 1511 he entertained Henry VIII at Harrowden. It was as a soldier and diplomat, however, that he made his mark. Given the important command at Guisnes, he distinguished himself during the Tournai campaign in 1513 and then in the missions (he had had some earlier experiences in negotiating, chiefly with Burgundy) to the French King about the English withdrawal and the several royal marriage treaties. Later, he was one of the devisers of the Field of the Cloth of Gold.His sister, Joan, had also benefited from the change of dynasty: she entered the royal household, became governess to Henry VII's daughters and married successively Sir Richard Guildford and the father of Sir <mask>, Sir Anthony Poyntz. <mask> was a natural candidate for election to Parliament, although in the absence of so many returns for the early Tudor period he is known to have been a Member only in 1515 when he and Sir John Hussey took a memorandum on certain Acts from the Commons up to the Lords. Presumably, he sat for his own shire on this occasion as he was afterwards appointed to the Northamptonshire commission for the subsidy which he had helped to grant. Missions to France
On 4 September 1514, <mask> with his second wife Anne Green were part of the delegation tasked with delivering Princess Mary, the king's sister, to Abbeville in France to be married to King Louis XII of France. He also

masks:
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Nicholas Potz
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texts:
 was present with  his second wife Anne Green at the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520 where he attended upon the King and Queen Catherine of Aragon. He was joined by Sir Thomas Parr, his wife Maud Green, and his brother Sir William Parr of Horton. Marriages & issue
Vaux married twice:
Firstly to Elizabeth FitzHugh (d.29 January 1508), widow of Sir William Parr of Kendal, and daughter of Henry FitzHugh, 5th Baron FitzHugh of Ravensworth, by his wife Alice Neville, a niece of Cecily Neville, Duchess of York.The wedding took place most likely after the 1485 Battle of Bosworth when Henry Tudor (later King Henry VII) defeated Richard III, and was most likely planned to secure the allegiance of the FitzHugh family to the new Tudor dynasty, Henry VII's wife Elizabeth of York being a relative of Cecily Neville, Duchess of York. By his first wife he had three daughters:
<mask> (c.1490-1571), who married Sir George Throckmorton of Coughton Court in Warwickshire, and had issue;
<mask> (d.1543), who in about 1501 married Sir Richard Sapcote, without issue;
<mask>, who married Sir Thomas Le Strange (1493–1545) and had issue. Secondly, shortly after the death of his first wife, he married  Anne Green (who predeceased him), a daughter and co-heiress of Sir Thomas Green of Boughton and Green's Norton, Northamptonshire, by his wife Jane Fogge. Anne Green was the aunt of Queen Catherine Parr (whose mother was Maud Green), the sixth wife of King Henry VIII. By his second wife he had two sons and three daughters:
<mask>, 2nd Baron <mask> of Harrowden (1510 – Oct 1556), eldest son and heir, who in about 1523 married Elizabeth Cheney (1505-1556), a grand-daughter of his father's first wife (Elizabeth Cheney was a daughter of Sir Thomas Cheney of Irtlingburgh by his wife Anne Parr, a daughter of William Parr, 1st Baron Parr of Kendal by his second wife Elizabeth FitzHugh).

masks:
Katherine Vaux
Alice Vaux
Anne Vaux
Thomas Vaux
Vaux


texts:
 <mask> (d. May 1523), who died unmarried. <mask>, who married Sir Francis Pulteney (1502 – c. 17 May 1548) of Misterton, by whom she had issue including:
Sir Gabriel Pulteney (d. 31 August 1599) of Knowle Hall, who   married Dorothy Spencer, a daughter of Sir William Spencer of Althorp in Northamptonshire.<mask>, who in about 1538 married Maurice Welsh;
<mask> (d. 14 April 1569), who married Sir John Fermor of Easton Neston in Northamptonshire, by whom she had issue including:
Katherine Fermor, who married Sir Henry Darcy, a son of Sir Arthur Darcy (a descendant of the Barons Darcy of Knaith) by his wife Mary Carew. In popular culture
Sir <mask> is a character in William Shakespeare's Henry VIII. Ancestry

Notes

References

 Throckmorton family history: being the records of the Throckmortons in the United States of America with cognate branches, emigrant ancestors located at Salem, Massachusetts, 1630, and in Gloucester county, Virginia, 1660
 Ancestral roots of certain American colonists who came to America by Frederick Lewis Weis, Walter Lee Sheppard, David Faris. Catholic gentry in English society: the Throckmortons of Coughton by Peter Marshall
 Women and politics in early modern England, 1450–1700 By James Daybell
 The Magna Charta sureties, 1215: the barons named in the Magna Charta, 1215 by Frederick Lewis Weis
 The Family Forest Descendants of Lady Joan Beaufort by Bruce Harrison
 The House of Commons: 1509 – 1558 ; 1, Appendices, constituencies, members A – C, Volume 4

 Six Wives: The Queens of Henry VIII by David Starkey
 Katherine, the Queen by Linda Porter
 Kateryn Parr: the making of a queen by Susan E. James

|-

1460 births
<mask> of Harrowden, <mask>, 1st Baron
15th-century English soldiers
16th-century English soldiers
16th-century English nobility
Barons <mask> of Harrowden
English soldiers
Nicholas
English people of Italian

masks:
William Vaux
Margaret Vaux
Bridget Vaux
Maud Vaux
Nicholas Vaux
Vaux
Nicholas Vaux
Vaux


title: Werner Leinfellner

texts:
<mask> (January 27, 1921 – April 6, 2010) was professor of philosophy at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln and at the Vienna University of Technology. After recovering from life-threatening wounds during World War II, he studied chemistry and physics at the Universities of Vienna and Graz, eventually turning to the study of the philosophy of science, and receiving his Ph.D. in 1959. He moved to the United States in 1967, in part, because of problems faced by empirically oriented philosophers in obtaining academic positions in Austria and Germany. He is notable for his contributions to philosophy of science, as a member of European Academy of Sciences and Arts, for founding the journal Theory and Decision, for co-founding Theory and Decision Library, and for co-founding the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society and International Wittgenstein Symposium. Biography

Intellectual

<mask> was a pioneer of scientific philosophy, game and decision theory in the tradition of the Vienna Circle. From 1945 to 1950, he studied chemistry and physics at the University of Graz and the University of Vienna and during this time he did research in chemistry. In 1954, he turned to the study of philosophy, logic and the philosophy of science and received his Ph.D. in 1959 for his dissertation Anschauung, Abstraktion und Integration im modernen physikalischen Denken (Intuition, abstraction and integration in modern physical thought) from the University of Vienna.From 1960 to 1963, he worked as a research assistant at the University of Munich in philosophy of science and

masks:
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner


title: Werner Leinfellner

texts:
 logic. In 1963, he moved back to Vienna and was a research fellow and assistant professor at the Institute of Advanced Studies in philosophy of science, economics, social and political sciences, and game and decision theory. During this time, he was also a lecturer at the University of Vienna. In 1967, due to an unfavorable political and scientific climate in  post-war Austria, he was unable to obtain a tenured faculty position in Austria and so he moved to Lincoln, Nebraska and joined the department of philosophy at the university of Nebraska-Lincoln as a full professor. In 1970, he founded the journal Theory and Decision, an international journal for philosophy and methodology of the social sciences. The founding of the journal was, in part, a reaction to the dogmatic, subjective, and metaphysical approaches he had encountered in Europe prior to coming to the United States. His vision was that Theory and Decision would help found a philosophy of the social science based on three premises:
(1) it would help in the formation of categories based on logic and mathematics for the social sciences;
(2)  it would promote the development of mathematical theories and research methods for the social sciences; and
(3)  it would promote the integration of theories and formal methods across the social sciences.In 1974, he cofounded Theory and Decision Library also based on these three principles. Indeed, Eberlein and Berghel (1988) concluded:

It was essentially <mask>'s accomplishment that the ideal of logical empiricism in the 1930s and 1940s, to create a


title: Werner Leinfellner

texts: "unified science", was replaced by that of a "methodological unity of science". Accordingly,... the THEORY AND DECISION school of the philosophy of the social science can substantiate his claim: "... There are no longer any methodological differences at issue". Certainly the term "methodological" has to be interpreted in a broad sense, implicating the unity of science due to common standards of theory formation and to the fact that theories are the methodological basic units of the social science disciplines. Furthermore, "methodological unity", in the context of this journal and library, refers to the continuously differentiated and integrated unity of an undogmatic, pluralistic philosophy of the social sciences (page xii). In 1976, <mask> together with his wife <mask> cofounded the Austrian Wittgenstein Society and the International Wittgenstein Symposium in Kirchberg am Wechsel.In 1986, he became professor emeritus at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and returned to Vienna Austria as professor at the  Vienna University of Technology. In 1991, he became a member of the Science Board at the Institute Vienna Circle. Its goal is to document the continued development of the Vienna Circle's work in science and the continued application of logical-empirical thought to the philosophy of science and thereby it continues Leinfellner's goal of breaking away from irrational, dogmatic, fundamentalist though. During his career, he received several awards and prizes including Theodor Körner Prize (twice), the Medal of the College de France, Paris, the Grand

masks:
Werner Leinfellner
Elisabeth Leinfellner


title: Werner Leinfellner

texts:
 Honorary Cross for Science and Art, 1st Class, Austria, and membership in the European Academy of Sciences and Arts. Personal

During World War II, he was required to serve in the German army and was subsequently seriously wounded on the Russian front. After a year of recovering from his wounds he deserted the German army and joined the resistance at the end of the war In 1960, he married <mask> and they had one daughter Ruth. He died in a Vienna hospital on April 6, 2010 and his wife Elisabeth preceded him in death three months earlier on January 4, 2010.Philosophical and scientific views

Philosophy of science

For Leinfellner, science and philosophy are complementary in that they are both required for knowledge and discovery. Science has revealed a whole new way of viewing nature and society than existed prior to the 20th century. In the past, according to Leinfellner, physical and chemical processes were thought to follow deterministic laws of nature, but this view fell through as the sciences became theoretically more rigorous. In the social and economic sciences, he argued that we have to drop the notion of deterministic laws and search for rules instead. These rules, to varying degrees, involve randomness. Indeed, there are likely an enormous number of social rules all subject to randomness that would appear to result in chaos, but more likely these—rules discovered by the social and economic sciences—produce systems that are more or less stable but subject to chaotic breakdowns now and then. For Leinfellner, this probabilistic aspect of rules


title: Werner Leinfellner

texts:
 consider the randomness inherent in evolutionary processes are doomed, sooner or later, to failure. The fact that we are active participants in our own biological and cultural evolution means that we can intervene with science and technology to influence our future societal evolution—with considerable uncertainty as to the outcomes—but this also creates fundamental philosophical and ethical problems. From a cognitive point of view, the rules by which we interact socially are the result of both biological and cultural evolution according to Leinfellner. For example, in his view, one doesn't need to necessarily learn to be a father when you see your child for the first time. There are basic "rules of fatherhood" that are instinctual.As he said: "At least this is how it was at the birth of my daughter". Nevertheless, to learn how to be a father also requires rules obtained by social and cultural learning. These rules, however, can malfunction for a variety of reasons including the fact that we have free will. Selected publications

<mask> (1962) Komplementaritätslogik und die Struktur physikalischer Theorien (The logic of complementarity and structure of physical theories). Wissenschaft und Welbild, 15, 277–304. <mask> (1964) Die Konzeption der Analytizität in wissenschaftlichen Theorien (The concept of analyticity in scientific theories). Philosophie Naturalist, 8, 397–418.<mask> (1965) Struktur und Aufbau wissenschaftlicher Theorien : eine wissenschaftstheoretisch - philosophische Untersuchung (The structure and form of scientific theories: a theory of

masks:
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner


title: Werner Leinfellner

texts: science - philosophical inquiry). Wien-Würzburg: Physika Verlag. <mask> (1965) Einführung in die Erkenntnis- und Wissenschaftstheorie. (Introduction to the theory of knowledge and scientific theories) (B. E. Hochschultaschenbücher Vol. 41/41a). Mannheim: Bibliographisches Institut (first edition). <mask> (1966) Die Entstehung der Theorie: eine Analyse des kritischen Denkens in der Antike.(The beginning of theory: an analysis of critical thinking in history) Freiburg-München: Alber. <mask> (1968) Generalization of classical decision theory. Risk and Uncertainty, ed. K. Borch and J. Mossin. London-New Your: Macmillan, 196–218. <mask> (1973) Historical time and a new conception of the historical science. The methodological unity of science, ed.M. Bunge. Dordrecht: Reidel, 193–219. <mask> (1974) Forschunglogic der Sozialwissenschaften. (The logic of research in the social sciences) (edited with W. Kroeber-Riel and G. Eberlein). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Universitätsverlag. <mask> and <mask> (1978). Ontologie Systemtheorie und Semantik.(Ontology system theory and semantics) Berlin: Duncker and Humblot. <mask> (1979) Logik und Semantik socialwissenschaftlicher Theorien. (Logic and semantics of theories in the social sciences.) Logik und Wirtschaftswissenschaft, ed. R. Kamitz. Berlin: Duncker und humblot, 163–184. <mask> (1980) Spieltheorie.Handbuck wissenschaftstheoretischer Begriffe. (Handbook of epistemological terms.) Vol. 3 ed J. Speck Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 597–599. <mask> (1982) Is Wittgenstein a transcendental philosopher? Revista Portuguesa

masks:
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner
Elisabeth Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner


title: Werner Leinfellner

texts: de Filosofia, 38, 13–27. <mask> (1983) Evolution of intelligence Epistemology and Philosophy of Science, ed.P Weingartner and J. Czermak. Vienna: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky and Dordrecht-Boston: Reidel, 161–168. <mask> (1983) Foundations of the theory of evolution: four models of evolution. Abstracts of the Seventh International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, Vol. 4 ed P Weingartner, Salzburg, 302–307. <mask> (1984) Evolutionary causality, theory of games, and evolution of intelligence. Concepts and approaches in evolutionary epistemology, ed.F. Wuketits. Dordrecht-Boston: Reidel, 233–276. <mask> (1985) Intentionality representation, and the brain language. Philosophy of Mind – Philosophy of Psychology, ed. R Chiholm et al. Vienna: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky and Dordrecht-Boston: Reidel, 44–55. <mask> (1986) The Prisoner's dilemma and its evolutionary iteration.Paradoxical effects of social behavior: Essays in honor of Anatol Rapoport, ed. A. Diekmann and P. Mitter. Heidelberg, Physika: 135–149. <mask> (1986) A reconstruction of Schlick's psycho-sociological ethics. Synthese, 64, 317–349. <mask> (1995) The new theory of evolution – a theory of democratic societies. in Götschl, Johann (Hrsg.)Revolutionary Changes in Understanding Man and Society, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers (S. 1149–189). <mask> (1998) Game theory, sociodynamics, and cultural evolution. Game theory, experience, rationality. ed. W<mask> and Eckehart Köhler,Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. <mask> (2000) The role of creativity and randomizers in societal

masks:
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
. Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner


title: Werner Leinfellner

texts:
 human conflict and problem solving. La Nuova Critica, 36, 5–27.Publications in honor of <mask>ner

The publications listed here contain biographical information about <mask> in addition to papers about his work and in honor of his work. Gerald L. Eberlein and H. A. Berghel (1988) Theory and Decision: Essays in Honor of <mask>ner. Springer, pp. 322. Arturo Carsetti (editor, 2001) Saggi di scienza ed espistemologia dedicati a <mask>fellner (Essays dedicated to the science and epistemology of <mask>ner), La Nuova Critica, 37–38, pp. 159. Sascha Windholz and Walter Feigl (Hrsg.)(2011). Wissenschaftstheorie, Sprachkritik und Wittgenstein: In memoriam Elisabeth und <mask> (Philosophy of science, linguistic criticism and Wittgenstein: In memoriam of Elisabeth and <mask>). Germany: ontos verlag, pp. 273. References

External links
  University of Vienna Obituary for <mask>ner
  Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society
  Vienna Circle Institute

1921 births
2010 deaths
20th-century Austrian philosophers
University of Nebraska faculty
Game theorists
Philosophers of science
Philosophers of social science
Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts
Austrian expatriates in the United

masks:
Werner Leinfell
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfell
Werner Lein
Werner Leinfell
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfellner
Werner Leinfell


title: Long John Nebel

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>; June 11, 1911 – April 10, 1978) was an influential New York City talk radio show host. From the mid-1950s until his death in 1978, Nebel was a hugely popular all-night radio host, with millions of regular listeners and what Donald Bain described as "a fanatically loyal following" to his syndicated program, which dealt mainly with anomalous phenomena, UFOs, and other offbeat topics. Biography

Youth and young adulthood
<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois, United States. He dropped out of school after the eighth grade, but he was an avid reader throughout his life, and he was conversant on many topics. Rumor had it that he was the son of a physician and ran away with a circus as a youngster. According to his own account in The Way Out World (1961), Nebel moved to New York City "around 1930", at the age of 19. His first job there was usher in the New York Paramount Theater.Nebel pursued a number of careers in his young adulthood (including a long period as a freelance photographer and a stint as a sidewalk salesman) before establishing the successful Long John's Auctions, an auction and consignment store in New Jersey. At his auction barn in New Jersey, he was billed as "<mask>, the gab and gavel man", and people would attend just for an evening's entertainment. The nickname "<mask> Nebel" had several sources: "<mask>" was a nickname for his tall, slender build (he stood 6'4" [1.93 m] and never weighed more than about 160 pounds [73 kg]). Nebel did not seek a career in radio until around 1954, when he was 43 years old. In 1972, Nebel married the former pin-up model Candy

masks:
Long John Nebel
John Zimmerman
Nebel
Long John
Long John
Long John


title: Long John Nebel

texts:
 Jones, who became the co-host of his show. Her controversial claims of having been a victim of CIA mind-control influenced the direction of the program during its last six years on the air. WOR
In the mid-1950s, radio throughout the United States was floundering and trying to redefine itself after the explosive popularity of television.Over several years, Nebel had many friends at various New York radio stations when he bought commercial time to advertise his auction house. WOR, one of New York's leading stations, faced poor ratings in 1954 when Nebel proposed an interview show. The format, as Donald Bain writes, "would be devoted to discussing strange and unexplained topics". WOR's management was not especially impressed by Nebel's idea. However, deciding they had little to lose (following WOR's failed foray into broadcasting facsimile editions of the morning paper during the early morning hours), WOR offered him a midnight to 5:30 am time slot, the poorest-rated hours. Building on the modest fame of his auction house (and also hoping to generate more business), he used the same name, <mask>, when he went on radio. To the surprise of WOR's management, Nebel's show was a quick success among New York's night-owls and early risers.Unidentified flying objects were discussed almost daily, alongside topics such as voodoo, witchcraft, parapsychology, hypnotism, conspiracy theories, and ghosts. Perhaps fittingly for an overnight show, one of Nebel's sponsors was No-Doz caffeine pills. Within a few months Nebel was getting not only high ratings, but press attention from throughout the United States


title: Long John Nebel

texts:
 'dump' button the feed would immediately be switched to the other Ampex, so there was very little disruption of the air product. Today, of course, such delays are done digitally. (ref. ex-WMCA engineer B. Golden)

WNBC
In 1962, WNBC offered Nebel more than $100,000 per year (if not a record sum paid to a radio personality at the time, then very nearly so) to begin broadcasting from the station, and he accepted the offer. He continued there until 1973, when WNBC, facing sliding ratings, decided to switch to an all rock music format. After a protracted battle with station management, Nebel refused to change the content of his show and resigned from the station in protest.According to Bain, one anonymous station  employee insisted that the management at WNBC "deliberately fucked up [Nebel's] career" by spreading unfounded rumors about the format switch and Nebel's reaction to it. WMCA
Nebel was quickly hired by WMCA, where, from 1973 to 1977, he continued his program, virtually unchanged from WNBC. The show was still popular, although his ratings on the less powerful WMCA were not as high as they had been at WNBC. At WMCA, <mask> was constantly pestered by prank callers who often told him "Yes <mask>, I'm coming down there, and I'm going to bash your head!" Mutual Broadcasting System
Beginning in 1977, Nebel's show was broadcast nationwide over the Mutual Broadcasting System, replacing Mutual's national distribution of Herb Jepko's radio talk show. Books
Nebel wrote two books that dealt with some of the most interesting of his guests. The Way Out World, published in 1961, covered his years at

masks: John John


title: Long John Nebel

texts:
 WOR and included UFO contactees, a stage magician, the Shaver Mystery, Edgar Cayce, and much more, which Nebel said he had gleaned from his "twenty thousand hours of interviewing and research".His second book, The Psychic World Around Us, co-written with Sanford M. Teller and published in 1969, dealt more specifically with tales of the paranormal and the guests whom he had interviewed while at WNBC. Marriage to Candy Jones
<mask> had had a short-lived marriage early in his life, and had a daughter Jackie from that marriage. In the early 1960s he was married to Margaret Dallas, but he was single again in 1972 when he met and married the fashion model Candy Jones. She had been one of the favorite pin up girls of the World War II era. The marriage took place after a whirlwind, month-long courtship, although Nebel and Jones had met briefly when Nebel was a photographer decades earlier. Jones became the co-host of Nebel's show almost immediately, and continued in this role until his death. Due to Jones's mood swings and shifts in personality, and some unusual and otherwise-unexplainable events in her life, Nebel said that he had come to suspect she had been a victim of a CIA mind control plot.Her story, with its conspiracy theory overtones, had a definite influence on the content of Nebel's radio show during its final six years. Death
Although long plagued with heart disease, he was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1971. Nebel sought various treatments, but by the mid-1970s, he was in very poor health. He continued broadcasting, however, usually six nights per week, with Candy Jones as his


title: Long John Nebel

texts:
 show, Gleason offered US$100,000 to anyone with physical proof of aliens visiting Earth (Gleason later upped the amount to US$1 million, but it was never claimed).Another memorable show found Gleason undertaking a sharp, occasionally even savage, debate with publisher Gray Barker. Gleason took Gray to task for presenting largely unsubstantiated tales of the Men in Black and contactees as factual. The two most frequent guests on his radio show were science fiction writers Lester del Rey and Frederik Pohl. Each appeared on more than 400 of Nebel's broadcasts. Nebel also had philosopher Mortimer Adler and James Randi on frequently. Sponsors
Nebel's sponsors included some unusual products. For example, the KelCo Class Calculator was, according to Nebel, developed by a NASA scientist, who was an occasional guest on his program.Basically a slide rule, the "calculator" was designed to pick horse racing winners. <mask>'s commercials were often as entertaining as the program itself. Nebel was a master story teller who could spin yarns around the virtues of his sponsors. Commercials often ran several minutes. His seven-minute commercial for a pornographic movie ("It Happened in Hollywood") was unforgettable. Apparently, he had not reviewed the copy before reading it cold on the air and he fell victim to uncontrollable fits of laughter throughout his long and fruitless attempt to read it. Another long running sponsor was Ho-Ho's Chinese Restaurant  - "Ho means Good, Ho-Ho means Good-Good".UFOs
Flying saucers were in the news regularly throughout the 1950s and 1960s and were a frequent topic on Nebel's


title: Long John Nebel

texts:
 Keith wrote: "Few people before or since have brought to all-night radio the kind of ingenuity, originality and variety that Nebel did. He represents one of post-World War II radio's creative high points and another example of the special nature of overnight programming... He would come to be regarded as one of after-hours radio's true pioneers." Nebel was a formative influence on talk radio: Donald Bain noted that in the early 1970s: "Fledgling (radio) announcers at broadcasting schools around the country were played tapes of Nebel shows as part of their course study."Recordings of Nebel's shows have circulated among fans of esoterica for decades. Nebel's format paved the way for later radio hosts, including Art Bell, George Noory of Coast to Coast AM, Hilly Rose, Jeff Rense, and Clyde Lewis, all of whom have broadcast shows on paranormal topics. Colin Bennett called <mask> the Art Bell of his era. References

Additional references
 The Way Out World. <mask> Nebel. Prentice-Hall, 1961
 The Psychic World Around Us. <mask> <mask> and Sanford M. Teller, 1969.Long <mask>el: Radio Talk King, Master Salesman, Magnificent Charlatan. Donald Bain. Macmillan Publishing Co., 1974
 The Control of Candy Jones. Donald Bain. Playboy Books, 1975
 The UFO Book. Jerome Clark. Visible Ink, 1998
 Sounds in the Dark: All Night Radio In American Life.Michael C. Keith. Iowa State University Press, 2001;
from Archive.org, a 1957 episode of Nebel's show, featuring contactee George Van Tassel, writer Morris K. Jessup and others. Baptist minister Walter Martin vs. Atheist Madalyn Murray O'Hair MP3 (1968)

Further

masks:
Nebel
Long John
Long John
Nebel
John Neb


title: Long John Nebel

texts:
 reading
 Norry, George, "Long <mask> Nebel and WOR", coasttocoastam.com

External links
 "Contactees I Have Known," by Long <mask>el
 Long <mask>el Papers at Syracuse University
 Declassified FBI File on <mask> Nebel at The Black Vault

1911 births
1978 deaths
American male journalists
20th-century American journalists
American talk radio hosts
Radio personalities from Chicago
Deaths from prostate cancer
20th-century American

masks:
John
John Neb
John Neb
Long John


title: Bevlyn Khoo

texts:
<mask> (; is a jazz pop singer songwriter based in Singapore. Her ability to sing in 5 languages has generated international interest and acclaim for each of her 5 albums. Despite her commercial success, she is credited with being a pioneer within the Singaporean DIY and independent musician community, having founded two music-based companies in addition to her own artistic pursuits since 2002. After parting ways with Japanese record label S2S in 2011, <mask> returned to her independent status focused efforts on The Storyteller Wave, the music production and consultancy company she founded in 2013. She currently teaches pop vocals to private students (SingingTechniques) and at various music colleges. Professional background
<mask> 邱意淋 was born in Singapore and was educated at River Valley High School, Singapore and Hwa Chong Junior College. She started singing part-time in 1999 at Singapore's Ark Cafe（木船）with singers Dennis Chew (周崇庆) and Kelvin Tan Wei Lian (陈伟联) while she was a student at the National University of Singapore.Amateur career

Ark Cafe and A Cappella Society of Singapore
Khoo signed as a part-time singer with the A Cappella Society of Singapore until 2006, during which she sang in two A Cappella groups. Xinyaojie’03
Khoo joined Singapore's national Mandarin-Pop Songwriting competition Xinyaojie 《新谣节》 in 2003., and though her song entry "Intersection"《交叉路口》 didn't win, it was one of 12 songs that made it to the finals of Xinyaojie'03. The song was later sold to award-winning Taiwanese singer Freya Lim (林凡), who released it on the soundtrack to Taiwanese TV drama "Tricks of the Trade" 《偷天换日》in 2005 under Linfair Records. Demo Recordings
Another avenue Bevlyn explored in the name of creative fulfilment was recording demos for

masks:
Bevlyn Khoo
Bevlyn
Bevlyn Khoo


title: Bevlyn Khoo

texts:
 regional songwriters. One of these demos, "Bottomless Pit"《无底洞》, was sold to Singapore Singer Tanya Chua (蔡建雅), who recorded it and released it on her album Stranger 《陌生人》in 2003. "Bottomless Pit"《无底洞》 was also published on a compilation of original demos titled True Colors 《爱原色》 that was released by HIM in 2003. Television Theme Songs
Bevlyn recorded the theme songs to two Media Corp hit TV series: "Keep Warm"《保温》 for Little Nynoya 《小娘惹》in 2008 and "Cinderella"《灰姑娘》for An Enchanted Life (钻石情缘) in 2006.In February 2015, two of her songs from her album 《我认识过的人》"The People I've Known", 《别太寂寞》and 《灵魂伙伴》were licensed for the opening and closing theme songs of Mediacorp Channel U's serial drama 《分手快乐》(Let It Go). 14 April 2015 was the debut of Starhub's first local serial drama Jump Class 《跳班》, which featured <mask>'s compositions for the opening and closing theme songs 《跳》and 《天天是好天》respectively. She also wrote and produced all the songs in episode 6, in which most of the lead actors sang for their characters. Albums

Lonely Afternoon (EP)
Bevlyn's first record as a solo artist was Lonely Afternoon, an EP consisting of 5 originals and one gypsy jazz cover of Edith Piaf's "La Vie en Rose" that was released in February 2008. The EP's diverse genres and languages led World Music Magazine to praise Bevlyn's versatility as a musician. Title track "Lonely Afternoon" showcased Bevlyn's ability to transition between singing in multiple languages within one song, as she sings the verses in Mandarin and choruses in English. Moshin Magazine reviewed a live performance of the song, saying "Articulating the verses with fluent Mandarin, Bevlyn easily transitioned into perfectly enunciated English.Her voice constantly stirred emotion, dripping with a


title: Bevlyn Khoo

texts:
 honey-like quality and filling the Rainbow Canopy with a powerful resonance." The EP was a hit with fans and critics, winning the Best Independent Album at the 2009 Singapore Entertainment Awards. Motivated by Lonely Afternoon's success, <mask> submitted the EP to Japanese record label S2S. Though initially rejected by the label, Khoo was signed to S2S in 2008 after label founder, the late Ken Suzuki, heard the album. S2S years
Khoo was signed to the Japanese independent record label S2S from November 2008 – 2011, a time period in which she released 3 albums. You Are My Angel (LP)
You Are My Angel is a 10 track LP and the first record Khoo released under S2S on 11 April 2009 in Singapore and in Japan on 12 August 2009. It is significant also for being the first time S2S, a Japanese record label, ventured into Chinese music as 6 of the songs on the album were covers of classic Chinese songs.Several well established producers, arrangers, and session artists played a part in the album's creation, including producers Goh Kheng Long and Kenn C, and arranger/ guitar players Roger Wang of 2VIG and Jamie Wilson. GogoYoko says of You Are My Angel, "The most interesting thing about this album is the charm and spirit that Bevlyn manages to inject into long-standing and endlessly covered songs. She makes them entirely her own." Specifically regarding her voice, Gogoyoko says "(<mask>lyn's second album release under S2S, 2010s Bistro Affair (released under the title Weekend Journey in Japan on 16 March 2011) is a 14 track LP composed entirely of French songs. Khoo learned French for 5 years before making the record, and her efforts paid off as Bistro Affair charted at the top of popular music charts in Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. This feat

masks: Khoo Bevlynv


title: Bevlyn Khoo

texts:
 aside, Bistro Affair is also the only album ever recorded by a Singaporean singing French.Feel About You (LP)
The final album Bevyln Khoo released while signed to S2S was 2011's Feel About You. This record is unique in the sense that it featured a mix of original songs (8) and covers (6) of well known Mandarin songs like Singapore's award-winning lyricist Xiaohan's (小寒) "Together Forever"《我们要一直这么要好》and Western songs like Frankie Valli's "My Eyes Adored You" and Duran Duran's "Ordinary World". The album also features "Keep Warm" 《保温》, the sub-theme song <mask> recorded for Media Corp's popular television series Little Nyonya《小娘惹》prior to her signing with S2S. Power of Pop noted that "Songs like 'A Love Song', 'The Goodbye Waltz', 'Feel About You', 'Call It A Day' and 'Barbie Song' all prove that there's more to Bevlyn than a pretty face and silky voice." The review goes on to highlight tracks "Call It A Day" and "The Goodbye Waltz" for their "strong melodies and dynamic arrangements." S2S Split
After her three-album contract with S2S was up, <mask> parted ways with the label amicably in 2012. In an interview with The Straits Times, Khoo cited creative differences as the reason for the separation, saying "I didn't want to end up with people thinking I sing a lot of covers and that's it.After all, I started out as an indie singer who writes original songs." In the same interview, Khoo states that she wanted to "prove she was capable of more than just sad love songs." The People I've Known 《我认识过的人》(LP)
Khoo re-emerged on the independent scene with 2013's concept album, The People I've Known 《我认识过的人》. Without S2S funding the album's production, Khoo turned to Pledge Music for help generating the resources necessary to produce the record,

masks: Bevlyn Bevlyn


title: Bevlyn Khoo

texts:
 ultimately raising $5k USD from fans (15% of the money received after the $5k goal was reached went to the charity Food From the Heart) and further funding the project with $20k SGD of her own money. In an interview with Music Weekly, <mask> explained the album's concept: "I realised that the majority of my songs are usually inspired by the people I know in my life, as opposed to 'fiction-writing'. The songs were inspired by my friends who practically grew up together with me ("Touch of an Angel"), songwriting friends ("The Letter That Never Came"《来信》), ex-relationships, crushes, and... my husband ("Soulmate" 《灵魂伙伴》)!”

The People I've Known received generally positive reviews from several critics. Today Online's Christopher Toh gave the record a 3.5 / 5 rating, and said "(Khoo's) emotive vocal delivery works wonderfully on ballads such as The Letter That Never Came."Power of Pop observed that Khoo was back in her element as an indie songwriter, and said "(The People I've Known) demonstrates <mask>'s astute understanding of the soft rock dynamics of the Seventies (which forms the core of Mando-pop). Crucially, <mask> is much more than a pretty face and pleasing voice – she is a serious songwriter in her own right!" Title track "The People I've Known" was nominated for Best Local Lyrics at the 2013 Singapore Hits Awards (新加坡金曲奖). At the time The People I've Known was recorded, Khoo considered it her final album according to an interview with Today Online. However, she also conceded that she will miss the challenge, saying "But I know that I will miss the whole thing: Producing, recording, sharing of my originals, the whole indie marketing thing, and the feeling of going against all odds as an indie artist". Beautiful Purpose

masks: Bevlyn Bevlyn Bevlyn


title: Bevlyn Khoo

texts:
 (Single)
<mask> wrote and performed the 2013 Miss World Singapore theme song, "Beautiful Purpose." Awards

Discography

TV

Performances

<mask> performed publicly for the first time as an independent artist in August 2008 at the NUS UCC Theater Hall for the launch of her EP 'Lonely Afternoon'.Since then, she has been invited to perform at a number of notable venues, events, and festivals. In 2009, Khoo was invited to perform for several countries' delegates, including Hillary Clinton, at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meetings. In March 2012, <mask> represented Singapore in Hong Kong Asian Pop Music Festival. She was also a featured performing artist at the Spring Wave Singapore 《春浪新加坡》in May 2013. In August 2014, <mask> was also invited to represent Singapore in "The Harmony of Chimes" in Bangkok, a concert put up by the Bangkok Symphony Orchestra for the Asean Economic Community (AEC). Entrepreneurial Endeavors

A Little Dream

In 2002, <mask> and friends founded A Little Dream, an agency responsible for booking musical artists at events like weddings. The agency has booked thousands of events and currently has upwards of 50 performers.The Storyteller Wave

The Storyteller Wave was a music production company set up by Bevlyn in 2013. It provides music production services for TV music, music albums and wedding songs. <mask>'s latest project was Jump Class （跳班）, a comic-series turned serial drama by renown comic author Johnny Lau. Other than helming the role of the music producer for the series, she also composed the theme songs 《跳》and 《天天是好天》and all the musical songs in episode 6. References

Living people
1979 births
Hwa Chong Junior College alumni
Singaporean people of Chinese descent
21st-century Singaporean women

masks: Bevlyn Bevlyn Bevlyn Bevlyn Khoo Bevlyn


title: Giovanna Mezzogiorno

texts:
<mask>giorno (; born 9 November 1974) is an Italian theatre and film actress. Early life
Mezzogiorno was born in Rome, 9 November 1974, a daughter of actors <mask> and Cecilia Sacchi. She grew up watching her parents on set. At first, she wanted to become a ballerina, and she studied dancing for 13 years. After her father's death when she was 19, Mezzogiorno moved to Paris, where she attended the stages by Arianne Mnouchkine and worked for two years at the Peter Brook Workshop. She made her stage debut with the role of Ofelia in Qui est là, based on Shakespeare's Hamlet. The play toured various European cities.She received the Premio Coppola-Prati 1996, the jury was presided over by theatre critic Franco Quadri. One year later, she made her film debut in Il viaggio della sposa (The Bride's Journey), written by and starring Sergio Rubini. Mezzogiorno was awarded the Targa d'Argento as the New Talent in Italian Cinema, she was also given the Grolla d'oro, and the Globo d'Oro by the Foreign Press Association and the Premio Flaiano as Best Actress of the 1997 - 1998 season. Career
In 1998, she starred in the film Del perduto amore directed by Michele Placido, with Fabrizio Bentivoglio and Sergio Rubini (she was awarded the Nastro d'Argento, the Ciak d'Oro and Premio Pasinetti as best actress in a starring role) and, for the Italian National Television Network RaiDue, in a film made-for-TV Più leggero non basta ("A lighter burden to bear") in the role of a young girl with muscular dystrophy, directed by Elisabetta Lodoli with

masks:
Giovanna Mezzo
Vittorio Mezzogiorno


title: Giovanna Mezzogiorno

texts: Mogadiscio).She also starred in France in the Holocaust-period TV drama Entrusted, directed by Giacomo Battiato, with Klaus Maria Brandauer, Thomas Brodie-Sangster and Steven Moyer, based on Loup Duran's best-seller. In Italy, she starred in the film La finestra di fronte ("Facing windows") directed by Ferzan Özpetek, costarring Massimo Girotti and Raoul Bova. This film, critically acclaimed and a box office success, earned her a lot of awards: the David di Donatello, the Ciak d’Oro, the Nastro d'Argento, the Globo d'oro by the Foreign Press, the Flaiano Award, the Karlovy Vary Award as "Best Actress in a Leading Role". Lately, she starred in the film L’amore ritorna, directed by Sergio Rubini, costarring Fabrizio Bentivoglio and Margherita Buy. She was also working in France, on the set of her first comedy: Au secours, j'ai 30 ans, directed by Marie-Anne Chazel, with Pierre Palmade. Then, in 2004, Giovanna worked in the TV movie Virginia (La monaca di Monza), directed by Alberto Sironi. She then returned to the theatre, working with the director Piero Maccarinelli in 4.48 Psicosi, written by Sarah Kane.In 2005, La bestia nel cuore ("Don't Tell"), directed by Cristina Comencini, was an Academy Award candidate for Best Foreign Language Film and earned <mask> one of the most important international prizes for an actress: the Coppa Volpi, previously won by Shirley MacLaine, Gong Li, Isabelle Huppert, Catherine Deneuve and Sophia Loren. Then in 2006, she acted in AD Project, a sci-fi thriller by Eros Puglielli, and acted in


title: Mark Foster Gage

texts:
<mask> (born November 22, 1973) is an American designer, theoretician, theorist and founder of Mark Foster Gage Architects in New York City. He is a tenured associate professor and former assistant dean, from 2010 to 2019, at the Yale University School of Architecture where he has been on the faculty since 2001. His academic expertise is in the field of aesthetic philosophy. Background and education
<mask> holds a B.Arch. with a second major in Art History from the University of Notre Dame and a M.Arch. from  Yale University. <mask> spent his years as a student surrounded by some of the most notable architects of the twentieth-first century.He was a protegee of Robert A. M. Stern and studio assistant to Frank Gehry. Career
After completing his graduate studies at Yale University in 2001, <mask> <mask> joined the university’s faculty where he currently holds positions as a tenured Associate Professor of Architecture and an Assistant Dean in the Yale School of Architecture. There he teaches a plethora of upper level design courses and courses on ruination, or the process and implications of architectural decay. <mask> <mask> founded Mark Foster Gage Architects in 2002 as a firm dedicated to creating buildings that blend new technologies with novel design practices which place emphasis on aesthetics. <mask> was described as "the Most Prolific Architect of Buildings That Don't Exist" in the title for a Surface Magazine article on his work and career, a light-hearted jab the architect takes no offense to. <mask> often speaks to the fact that the vast majority of his and his firm's designs go unconstructed, treating the unbuilt as proof that the twenty-first century field of architecture must reexamine its core values. In a 2012 press interview with Designers & Books, conducted to promote his then recently published book Aesthetic Theory: Essential Texts for Architecture

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texts: and Design, <mask> refers to himself as being "old-fashioned" due to his beliefs on the relationship between architectural form and symbolic meaning.<mask> makes a thinly veiled critique of ‘starchitect’ Santiago Calatrava’s World Trade Center Transportation Hub in New York City when asserting in the same interview that "some of our most celebrated architectural projects are celebrated for reasons that have nothing to do with the building itself—rather, they represent a bird or some other conceptual idea. My book is aimed at challenging the dominant practice of only justifying our work conceptually, in abstract terms." <mask> has been referred to by "The Spectator" magazine (London), as "the most decoratively radical architect at work today." His most recognized projects include his 2015 proposal for 41 West 57th Street, a 102-story skyscraper that a developer requested, which drew wide attention; however, the developer never built the structure. <mask> actualizes his thoughts about the need to challenge abstraction as the pinnacle of good design through a practice he refers to as kitbashing. Kitbashing typically refers to model train enthusiasts who combine parts from multiple model train kits to create their own unique train; <mask>, however, employs the term to refer to the process of combining basic and unrelated figures into cohesive adornments for his buildings. <mask>'s designs are created by compiling 2-D and 3-D images which he and his team find through simple Google searches which he thinks of as a kind of recycling process: giving the images the team kind's new life in his designs.<mask> proposed and designed the original Times Square Valentine's Day heart in 2009; a design competition for the Times Square heart has since become an annual event. <mask>'s work has been exhibited in numerous museums internationally including the MoMA, The Museum of the

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