title: Tina Guo

texts:
 Biopharmaceutics, Adecco and the PGA. The instrumental metal music video for her song "Queen Bee" won Best Short Film/Music Video at the Downtown Los Angeles Film Festival. Her songs "Queen Bee" and "Forbidden City" are also available for download to play for Rock Band on Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. Metal Hammer Magazine UK described <mask> as "an international sensation"  and she was also featured in Glamour Magazine Russia with a two-page spread. <mask> has toured with blues guitarist Joe Bonamassa as part of a diverse all acoustic backup band, and Hans Zimmer.By October 2017, she toured as a headlining act to promote her album "Game On!" with John Huldt on guitar, Kfir Melamed on bass and Frank Klepacki on drums. In December 2018, she took on the God of War main theme song and collaborated with Inon Zur. In 2019, she played the song  Swedish Pagans with Sabaton (band) on the stage of Wacken Open Air

<mask> is one of the ambassadors to Music Traveler, together with Billy Joel, Hans Zimmer, John Malkovich, Sean Lennon, Adrien Brody. Recordings
<mask> recorded her first solo CD, Autumn Winds, a classical/new-age album. Her other album releases include The Journey, Eternity, Ray of Light, <mask> & Composers for Charity, A Cello Christmas, Cello Metal, a full length metal album and Hollywood's Greatest Themes, an album of famous soundtracks re-imagined. Her recent album which was in production was Game On!.<mask> is featured on screen in commercials for Mazda6, and United Airlines, and was also a featured soloist in Cirque Du Soleil's Michael Jackson: The Immortal World Tour from 2011 to 2013 performing in sold-out arenas around the world. <mask> performed to 2 million audience members worldwide with the tour, and they topped the charts for 2 years as the highest-grossing tour in America and sold-out shows

masks:
Guo
Guo
Guo
Guo
Tina Guo
Guo
Guo


title: Tina Guo

type: original

texts: in arenas worldwide. <mask> is also featured on the Epic Records/Jackson Estate release "Immortal," replacing the original guitar solo in "Beat It" with an Electric Cello/Guitar Battle-style duet with guitarist Greg Howe. <mask> was the cello soloist on the scores of Sherlock Holmes, Iron Man 2, Clash of the Titans, Red Riding Hood, Abduction, Olympus Has Fallen, Escape Plan, CSI: NY, Vikings, The Borgias, Sleepy Hollow, Iron Chef America, Blizzard's Diablo III, Call of Duty: Black Ops II, Revelation Online 2015 by Chinese game giant Netease, and Journey, which was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media. <mask> can also be heard on the soundtracks of Inception, Hancock, Battle: Los Angeles, The Hangover Part II, Predators, Fast Five, Arthur, No Strings Attached, Beginners, Public Enemies, Rango, The Rite, X-Men: First Class, Your Highness, Yogi Bear, The Mentalist, Family Guy, American Dad!, The Cleveland Show, King of the Hill, Dunkirk, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales, commercials for the iPhone, Under Armour, and many others. <mask> also contributed Electric Cello to the creation of elements that were used by Sound Designer Scott Martin Gershin in the creation of the Kaijus in Pacific Rim. Her arrangement and performance of "The Flight of the Bumble-Bee" was featured in the end credits for The Heartbreak Kid and she was an additional composer on the feature film Persecuted.The Tina Guo Sample Library by Cinesamples is one of the most popular cello solo libraries available on the market today, used by composers and producers in countless media music projects. <mask> is featured on the cello in an instrumental set piece for the 100th episode of My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic. <mask> has recorded on hundreds of albums, with artists such as John Legend,

masks: Guo Guo Guo Guo Guo Guo


title: Tina Guo

texts:
 Ciara, David Archuleta, and Big K.R.I.T. She was featured on Al B. Sure! 's new single, "I Love It," from his upcoming album Honey I'm Home and was also featured on Two Steps From Hell's album SkyWorld. Inner Passion, her 2016 collaboration with pianist Peter Kater for Hearts of Space Records, debuted at number four on the Billboard New Age Albums chart.She is also notable as the soloist on electric cello creating the theme for Wonder Woman in the 2016 film Batman v. Superman: Dawn of Justice with Hans Zimmer, which she reprised in the Wonder Woman standalone film with Rupert Gregson-Williams as well as its 2020 sequel, Wonder Woman 1984, with Zimmer once again. In October 2018, she featured on the Jennifer Thomas album 'The Fire Within'. In 2021, she recorded together with metal band Sabaton the song and music video “Steel Commanders”. Instruments
<mask> performs on an 1878 Gand & Bernardel. On electric cello, she plays the Custom Tina Guo Model Yamaha SVC-200; she is endorsed by Yamaha and played their instrument at the NAMM Show 2009. Personal life
<mask>'s first published work as an author is "Event Horizons of Yin and Yang", a collection of philosophical prose and poetry. <mask> was married to Ray Armando Morabito, an electronic music producer.Discography

 Autumn Winds (2011)
 The Journey (2011)
 Eternity (2013)
 Ray of Light (2014)
 A Cello Christmas (2014)
 Cello Metal (2015)
 Inner Passion (2016) (with Peter Kater)
 Game On! (2017)
 Dies Irae (2021)

Cello contributions

References

External links

1985 births
21st-century American women musicians
American cellists
American musicians of Chinese descent
Chinese cellists
Chinese emigrants to the United States
Erhu players
Living people
Musicians from Shanghai
Musicians from San Diego
People from Poway, California
Thornton School of Music

masks: Guo Guo Tina


title: Shota Arveladze

texts:
<mask> (; born 22 February 1973) is a Georgian professional football manager and former player who is the manager of EFL Championship club Hull City. <mask> played at Dinamo Tbilisi, Trabzonspor, Ajax, Rangers, AZ and Levante. He is Georgia's all-time top scorer with 291 goals in his 410 league games for his clubs and 26 goals in his 61 games for the national team. His 27 goals scored in the UEFA Cup competition, including qualifiers ranks him third in the tournament's history before it became the Europa League. He has the best strike record of independent Georgian Football. He was nominated as the best player of Georgia as well as the best player by the Georgian Professional Football league survey. Club career

Tbilisi and Trabzonspor
Arveladze played at Dinamo Tbilisi, Trabzonspor, and Ajax, and finished at least one season as the top goal scorer at all three.In 1993, he scored an effective first Euro Tournament goal in the history of independent Georgian Football in the match against Linfield, Northern Ireland. When he led Trabzonspor in goals in 1995–96, he also led the Süper Lig, making him the second non-Turk to date to lead that league in goals after Tarik Hodžić 1983–84. He is recorded as "most loved foreign player" for Trabzonspor supporters. Ajax Amsterdam
In summer 1997, <mask> signed for Ajax Amsterdam. Later, he declared that he was so nervous during his first training session, that he even forgot to take football boots with him. He became a close friend to Ronald de Boer during his spell in Amsterdam. His first game at Amsterdam Arena was a special day for the Georgian player.On 15 August 1997, Ajax Amsterdam faced Brazilian side Grêmio in a friendly game. <mask> scored a goal, while his wife Tamuna gave birth to their first child, Giorgi hours before the game. <mask> made a debut for Ajax against Vitesse Arnhem, where he replaced Gerald Sibon and scored the fourth goal for the club. During his first season, he scored three hat-tricks in Eredivisie and total 25 goals in 31 appearances. The manager of the Amsterdam-based club Morten Olsen was very pleased with the

masks:
Shota Arveladze
Arveladze
Arveladze
Arveladze
Arveladze


title: Shota Arveladze

texts:
 performance of the young striker. <mask> was a key figure for the club during 1997–98 UEFA Cup as well. He scored 7 goals in 8 games for the club, including hat-trick against NK Maribor.Ajax were eliminated in quarter-finals, against Spartak Moscow. <mask> scored the club's single goal in a tie. During his first season, he faced twice NAC Breda, where his twin brother Archil played. This remains as one of the most memorable facts in <mask>'s career. In summer 1998, Ajax signed <mask>'s close friend Giorgi Kinkladze from Manchester City for £5 million. They had been friends since their childhood and that looked like a dream move for both. However, Kinkladze's spell at Ajax proved unsuccessful.Rangers
Arveladze joined Rangers from Ajax for £3m in 2001. He agreed a four-year deal with the club. It was obvious that the Georgian would face a fierce competitions for the starting place in the Rangers' strikeforce from the players like Tore Andre Flo, Claudio Caniggia, Michael Mols, Kenny Miller, Billy Dodds, Ronald de Boer and Russell Latapy. During the first season with Glasgow-based club, Arveladze scored 17 goals overall, including 11 in Scottish Premier League. He only managed to take part in 30 games, after being injured in February in the quarterfinal of the Scottish Cup against Forfar Athletic, an injury which meant he missed the 2002 Scottish League Cup Final. However, he scored six goals for his club, which managed to win the title. Arveladze played in the final, replacing Claudio Caniggia.This was his first title with the Scottish club. The following season was the most successful in the career of the Georgian player. Rangers won treble. In March 2003, Rangers defeated their arch-rivals Celtic in the League Cup Final. Later in the Scottish Cup Final, Rangers won another title, after they managed to defeat Dundee with a goal from Lorenzo Amoruso. Arveladze's two compatriots Georgi Nemsadze and Zurab Khizanishvili also took part in this game. The latter joined Arveladze at Rangers during that summer.In May 2005, <mask> declared that he would leave the club after the end of

masks: Arveladze Arveladze Shota Arveladze Arveladze


title: Shota Arveladze

texts:
 the season, in which he managed to scored 9 goals. He confirmed receiving offers from various clubs in Europe, including teams from England, Germany, the Netherlands and Turkey. During his time at Rangers, Arveladze had a nickname, Mr. Bean, because of his facial likeness to Rowan Atkinson. During a legal case in 2015, Arveladze's agent claimed that the true transfer fee had been 12 million Euro, the equivalent of £8.5 million at the time. <mask> scored the 300th goal in the SPL and was part of Rangers squads that won the domestic treble in 2002–03 and a double in 2004–05. AZ
<mask> departed Rangers for Dutch side AZ on a free transfer before the start of 2005–06 season, signing a two-year deal with the club. Under the guidance of Louis van Gaal, <mask> became the key figure of the club.He scored 22 goals in Eredivisie, becoming the second best top-scorer of the tournament after Klaas-Jan Huntelaar, who scored 33 goals during the season. Alkmaar participated in UEFA Cup this time as well. In 6 game for the club, Arveladze made 2 assists and scored 2 goals, one of them against Real Betis. At the end of the season, AZ Alkmaar and Arveladze agreed a contract extension to keep the Georgian international striker at the Dutch club until the summer of 2008. During the second and the final season with the club, <mask> was appointed as the new captain of the club. He was offered the armband after Denny Landzaat and Joris Mathijsen left for Wigan Athletic and Hamburger SV respectively. The Georgian was praised by Louis van Gaal, under whose guidance he played at Ajax Amsterdam as well.Van Gaal compared Arveladze to Danny Blind and Frank Rijkaard in terms of personality, calling him the top professional in the squad. He scored 23 goals, accumulating total 48 goals for AZ in 89 competitive appearances. The Georgian striker scored 7 goals in UEFA Cup as well, two of them in Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán Stadium in a 2–1 away win against Sevilla. Levante
In July 2007, <mask> passed a medical and agreed a one-year contract with the Spanish club Levante. He was injured in summer training and missed

masks: Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze


title: Shota Arveladze

texts:
 nearly ten months, undergoing surgery in Amsterdam. He returned and made his debut against Villarreal on 23 March, replacing Juanma. He managed to take part in other 3 games until the end of the season.In April, Levante confirmed that <mask> would retire at the end of the season. In the last game of his career he played at Santiago Bernabeu against Real Madrid, losing 5–2. International career
<mask> <mask> was a regular in the Georgian national team and is its all-time leading scorer with 26 goals in his 61 games. He made his international debut in Georgia's first official game on 2 September 1992, a 1–0 friendly loss away to Lithuania. Fifteen days later, he scored his first goal in the country's first home game, a 6–3 win over neighbours Azerbaijan. His first competitive goal was on 16 November, in a 5–0 win over Wales in Tbilisi for UEFA Euro 1996 qualifying. On 30 March 1997, <mask> scored a hat-trick in a 7–0 home friendly win against neighbours Armenia.With Georgia he won in 1998 the Malta International Football Tournament. On 18 August 2006, he scored a hat-trick away to the Faroe Islands in a 6–0 win in the opening game of UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying. His final game was the following 24 March in another qualifier, equalising in a 2–1 loss away to Scotland. Coaching career
After retiring as a player, <mask> was appointed as assistant manager of AZ under head coach and former Ajax coach Louis van Gaal in July 2008. He maintained this position in the 2009–10 season under Ronald Koeman and Dick Advocaat. For the 2010–11 season, <mask> served as manager of Turkish side Kayserispor. From 2012 to 2015, he managed Istanbul-based Kasımpaşa SK.In his final game, the team scored away to Konyaspor while their players were attending to his injured player, Ryan Babel. <mask> then allowed Konyaspor to score an equaliser in the name of fair play, and Konyaspor won the game 2–1. He resigned after the game. On 3 July 2015, <mask> was named manager of Turkish side Trabzonspor. He resigned in November. Under him and his successor Hami Mandıralı, the side lost a record 17 games that

masks: Arveladze Shota Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze


title: Shota Arveladze

texts:
 season. In June 2016 <mask> was announced as the new head coach of Israeli club Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C.Around the middle of the season, he was fired; it was the first time that Maccabi dismissed a coach during a season since 2011. In 2017, <mask> was announced as head coach of Pakhtakor Tashkent FK in Uzbekistan. He won the Uzbekistan Super League and Cup in 2019 and 2020. On 21 December 2020, he left. On 27 January 2022, <mask> was announced as the new head coach of Hull City on a 2-year deal. On his debut two days later, the team won 2–0 at home to Swansea City. Personal life
<mask>'s brothers Archil (twin) and Revaz (older) also played international football, as did Revaz's son Vato.Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list Georgia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Arveladze goal. players
AZ Alkmaar players
Levante UD footballers
Eredivisie players
Scottish Premier League players
La Liga players
Georgia (country) international footballers
Expatriate footballers from Georgia (country)
Expatriate sportspeople from Georgia (country) in Turkey
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Expatriate sportspeople from Georgia (country) in the Netherlands
Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands
Expatriate sportspeople from Georgia (country) in Scotland
Expatriate footballers in Scotland
Expatriate sportspeople from Georgia (country) in Spain
Expatriate footballers in Spain
Expatriate football managers in Turkey
Expatriate football managers in Israel
Expatriate football managers in Uzbekistan
Expatriate football managers in England
Expatriate sportspeople from Georgia (country) in Israel
Expatriate sportspeople from Georgia (country) in Uzbekistan
Expatriate sportspeople from Georgia (country) in England
Süper Lig players
Kasımpaşa S.K. managers
Trabzonspor managers
Kayserispor managers
Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C. managers
Pakhtakor Tashkent FK managers
Hull City A.F.C. managers
Süper Lig managers
Israeli Premier League managers
English Football League managers
Identical twins
Twin sportspeople
Twin people from Georgia (country)
AZ Alkmaar non-playing

masks: Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze Arveladze


title: Harold A. Zahl

texts:
<mask> (August 24, 1904 – March 11, 1973) was an American physicist who had a 35-year career with the U.S. Army Signal Corps Laboratories, where he served as the Director of Research at Fort Monmouth and made major contributions to radar development. He is perhaps most famous for inventing the GA-4 Transmitter-Receiver Tube and the VT-158, which became known as the Zahl tube. Early life
<mask> was born in Chatsworth, Illinois, the son of an Evangelical minister. While still in high school, he became an amateur radio operator (call letters 6BHI). He graduated in physics and mathematics from North Central College in Naperville, Illinois, in 1927, and then attended the University of Iowa where he earned the M.A. degree in 1929 and the Ph.D. degree in 1931, both in solid-state physics. Signal Corps Laboratories
Upon completing his doctorate, <mask> joined the staff of the Signal Corps Laboratories (SCL) at Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, which later became part of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory.At the same time, he was commissioned a first lieutenant in the U.S. Army Signal Corps. His first assignment was to provide assistance in coastal defense by installing undersea cables that picked up sounds from ships and submarines to determine their exact location. <mask> recalled that this cable-laying operation was initially misinterpreted by the locals as an attempt to impede rum runners, which led to many of the cables being cut overnight. As a research physicist for the Signal Corps, <mask> worked on numerous projects involving acoustics, infrared, electron tubes, and radar. His initial work at the SCL was in research on detecting aircraft using thermal radiation from their engines. In 1933, he invented a thermal detector that was capable of detecting a lit

masks:
Harold Adelbert Zahl
Harold Zahl
Zahl
Zahl
Zahl


title: Harold A. Zahl

texts: cigarette about 100 feet away. In 1934, he filed a patent application on "The Art of Locating Objects by Heat Radiation."Initially held up because of its classified nature, this was eventually granted in 1946. In 1936, the SCL started research in Radio Position Finding (RPF – later called radar). <mask> participated in the development of the Army's first fielded RPF system, the SCR-268. In 1938, <mask> conceived and patented a pneumatic cell detector that later became a major component in the SCR-268-T1, the U.S. Army's first radar set. While the SCR-268 was being completed, development of an improved RPF system started, and <mask> was assigned to lead the effort. In 1940, he invented the GA-4 Transmitter-Receiver Tube, a duplexer made it possible for the Army and Air Corps’ early-warning radars to transmit and receive signals from the same antenna. As a result, two configurations of the radar emerged: the SCR-270 (mobile) and the SCR-271 (fixed-site).These systems started to be fielded in 1940, and were used throughout the Second World War. The Japanese military stated that the mobile radar sets were a key factor in the American victory in the Pacific. In 1942, he entered active military service as a major and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1945. During his time as a major in the Signal Corps, <mask> invented the VT-158, a vacuum tube that raised the frequency ceiling of radar from 200 megacycles to 600 megacycles and consequently reduced the size of the radar equipment. The VT-158, later known as the Zahl tube, became a vital component in the development of the AN/TPS-3, a lightweight, portable early warning radar, and the AN/TQS-3, a mortar-detection radar. A total of about 900 of AN/TPS-3 sets were built and used extensively

masks: Zahl Zahl Zahl Zahl


title: Harold A. Zahl

texts:
 by the Army, particularly in the Pacific Theater, as well as by Allied forces on D-Day during the invasion of Normandy. After the War
At the close of World War II, <mask> left active duty as a lieutenant colonel in 1946 and became a civilian employee at the Signal Corps Engineering Laboratories, where he promoted the continuation of scientific collaborations between universities, industry, and the military.In one case, <mask> worked closely with the Radiation Laboratory at MIT in their development of microwave radars. Later that same year, he became involved in the work with the Bikini Atomic Tests. In 1948, <mask> was named the Director of Research at Fort Monmouth's Camp Evans (later called the Army Electronics Command Laboratories). He was considered the first Army scientist to be promoted to top career status under Public Law 313 solely as a result of his accomplishments during a Civil Service career. During his tenure, <mask> was involved in the Space Race against the Soviet Union and spent much of his time tracking the path of Sputnik I when it launched in 1957. He was among the scientists who recognized from the outset the potential of the maser, the laser, the atomic clock, and satellites for practical uses in communications and meteorology. <mask> retired in 1966 due to declining health.Over the course of his 35-year career at the Signal Corps Laboratories, he authored 50 technical publications in the fields of molecular and atomic physics, x-rays, acoustics, and thermodynamics. He also had several patents for work in radar, communications, electron tubes, infrared, and aircraft technology. In his spare time, <mask> wrote numerous science fiction stories under his own name and the pseudonym “Christopher James.”

Recognition
<mask> was

masks: Zahl Zahl Zahl Zahl Zahl Zahl Zahl


title: Harold A. Zahl

texts:
 given several awards for his contributions to advancing electronic technologies. In 1946, the U.S. Army presented <mask> with the Legion of Merit for his work on electron tubes and radar. In 1954, he was given the IEEE Harry Diamond Memorial Award for “his technical contributions, his long service, and his leadership in the S. Army Signal Corps research program.” In 1962, he was awarded the Department of the Army Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service, the highest honor conferred to Army civilian employees by the Department of the Army. He was also given the public service award of the Federal Business Association of New York in 1964. On December 19, 1948, radio news commentator Walter Winchell described <mask> as “the Army’s greatest scientist,” and remarked on his Sunday program: “His radar inventions drove Hitler to suicide….”

Death and legacy
<mask> was a resident of Holmdel Township, New Jersey, where he owned the Hazienda Evergreen Plantation, and died at Riverview Hospital in Red Bank on October 12, 1973.In 1997, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) in Adelphi, MD, started a $73.9 million construction project on a building dedicated to Zahl called the Zahl Physical Sciences Facility. The complex opened in 1999 and housed ARL's Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate (SEDD) as of 2019. Bibliography

References

External links

1904 births
1973 deaths
20th-century American physicists
North Central College alumni
University of Iowa alumni
People from Holmdel Township, New Jersey
United States Army officers
United States Army personnel of World War II
Radar pioneers
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
People from Livingston County, Illinois
Amateur radio people
Military personnel from Illinois
Military personnel from New

masks: Zahl Zahl Zahl


title: Tuariki Delamere

texts:
<mask>re (born 9 December 1951) is a former New Zealand politician. He served as a member of the New Zealand Parliament from 1996 to 1999, and was a member of Cabinet for the duration of his term. Early life
Delamere was born in 1951 at a military hospital in Papakura, and was educated in Tauranga, attending Tauranga Boys' College. In 1967 and 1969, he was recognised as the top Māori student in New Zealand. He then attended Washington State University on an athletic scholarship. Delamere obtained a Bachelor of Arts in 1974. He later obtained an Master of Business Administration from Long Island University.Delamere served in the United States Army from 1974 to 1978. He was accountant stationed at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri and later joined the staff at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. After leaving the United States, Delamere worked as chief financial officer for Polynesian Airlines. He also held a number of bureaucratic roles. Delamere has also been successful in sporting events; setting records in long jump and triple jump, and representing New Zealand in those events in the 1974 Commonwealth Games at Christchurch. At Washington State,  he pioneered the technique of a full somersault in long jump competitions. Political career

New Zealand First

Delamere entered politics in the 1996 elections, when he successfully stood as a candidate for the New Zealand First party in the Te Tai Rawhiti electorate, defeating Sir Peter Tapsell and becoming one of the group known as the Tight Five.Immediately after being elected, he was appointed to Cabinet as part of New Zealand First's coalition deal with the National Party. Among the roles he held during his ministerial career were those of Minister of Immigration, Minister of Pacific Island Affairs, Associate Minister of Finance, and Associate Minister of Health. In 1998, the coalition between New Zealand First and the National Party began to break apart, and significant tensions emerged in New Zealand First itself. On 11 August, it was claimed by ACT MP Rodney Hide that Delamere was planning a coup against New Zealand First leader Winston Peters, an allegation which


title: Singh Kaur

texts:
Laura Drew, a.k.a. <mask> or Lorellei (1955–1998) was a new-age music composer, vocalist and instrumentalist, who had a prolific career that lasted from the early 1970s to the late 1990s, releasing 23 albums. With her angelic voice and haunting melodies, <mask> was a pioneer in the growing genre of Western interpretations of Indian chanting music. Personal life
<mask> initially lived at the Tucson ashram, and it was there she began to flower as a musician. Although she had arrived with 'St. Francis' already complete, she was exposed to the eclectic musicians of the 3HO community and a new, spiritually-focused, way of living. She later moved to the Española, New Mexico 3HO community, where her musical talents expanded and she found her footing as a composer and singer of inspiring devotional songs.It was at Española that she met, and later married, Gurucharan <mask>. Not long after their marriage, they moved to Denver to open a health food restaurant. From there, they moved to St. Louis for the purpose of opening a yoga ashram. During their years in St. Louis, Gurucharan and <mask> had two children, Guru Shabd and Guru Ardas. Music
In the early years of her musical life, <mask> collaborated with the yogi musicians of 3HO. Her next efforts were taken directly from English translations of Sikh scripture translated by her friend Sardarni Premka <mask> and published as "Peace Lagoon" and, later,  "Peace Lagoon II". Yogi Bhajan, her spiritual guide, commissioned <mask> to record a series of eight mantras, six of which she was able to complete.These were to be the highly popular Crimson Series on Invincible Records, with Kim Robertson (harp, synthesizer), and produced by <mask> Khalsa. These recordings remain <mask>'s most popular, and are

masks:
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Kaur
Singh Kaur
Liv Singh
Singh Kaur


title: Singh Kaur

texts: frequently played in hospitals, birthing centers, holistic spas, and other sites where healing music is helpful. At one point in her musical journey <mask> collaborated with <mask> Khalsa. He recounted her effortless creativity: "We were sitting in the St. Louis airport with Yogi Bhajan, who was waiting for a connecting flight to New York City. He asked <mask> to put Rakhe Rakhan Har (a Sikh verse) to music. I was sitting next to her as Yogi Bhajan tapped out the heartbeat rhythm on an empty Styrofoam cup. I wrote the rhythm down, and when we got home, we put the rhythm into <mask>'s drum machine.This is the beat heard on the final recording. The next day I went off to work. When I came home that evening, I asked <mask>khi." <mask> Khalsa and his wife, Sahib-Amar Khalsa, continued to maintain a friendship with <mask> and played keyboards and viola, respectively, on subsequent recordings. <mask>'s biggest commercial success was her album "Instruments of Peace" (later retitled "Imagine Peace") which made the Billboard New Age Music listing in 1988.This album was produced during <mask>'s long-time association with Dean and Dudley Evenson, with whom she stayed and toured over a two-year period. She released two other CDs on the Evenson's 'Soundings of the Planet' label: "What Child Is This", and "Spiritus: Breath of Life" (recorded under the name of Lorellei which she co-produced with Dean Evenson). It was with the album "Spiritus" that she poured out her heart, writing songs in English (rather than the mantras of her previous ashram life). Her poetry and powerful musicality were on display in this masterpiece recording. Many compared her voice to that of Enya or Loreena McKennett who were popular at the time. She did a west coast tour

masks:
Singh Kaur
Amar Singh
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaurmu
Amar Singh
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur


title: Singh Kaur

texts:
 with the Soundings Ensemble but then moved back to Hawaii where she lived reclusively. She was deeply disappointed that this album didn't receive the popular acclaim that was hoped for and soon after that, her health was affected.Later years
Owing to an increasingly stressful home life, <mask> left her husband and children in the late 1980s; and this crisis impacted on her state of health and the quality of her work. For this reason, the singer Wah was called in to double the vocal track on Blessings, the seventh recording in the Crimson Series. However, <mask> soon regained her voice—though her health was beginning to decline—and continued to make recordings. It was after she left St. Louis and moved back to Tucson that she met Dean and Dudley Evenson of Soundings of the Planet, who befriended her and who subsequently produced 3 albums with her. In the early 1990s, after listening to some Joni Mitchell recordings, <mask> contacted her former producer, <mask> Khalsa of Invincible Music. She wanted to do another recording, and 'Wings of Love' was recorded in Phoenix, Arizona, at the Invincible studios. Responding to the invitation of a friend, <mask> moved to Maui, Hawaii.Although she never ceased being a Sikh, she abandoned the turban, and took to wearing conventional clothing. She continued to write songs, sang in a rock band, and began to enjoy her new freedom. It was during this period that she met her future husband, Keith Drew. He knew nothing of her musical past or talents, but saw her as a feisty and gorgeous redhead. While on Maui, <mask> met a kindred musical spirit, Jaiia Earthschild, and they co-created, and recorded, many songs, which remain in Ms. Earthschild's personal collection. <mask> returned to the U.S. mainland

masks:
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Liv Singh
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur


title: Singh Kaur

texts:
 in 1998, ill with ovarian cancer, to work with Gary Stadler on "Fairy NightSongs". <mask> also recorded the tracks for "This Universe", which was released posthumously.She gave two farewell performances, one on Maui Island with her children, Guru Shabd and Guru Ardas Khalsa present, and one at the 3HO Ashram in Los Angeles. Before <mask> returned to Hawaii, she gave her beloved Guild 12-string guitar and personal cassette and CD collection to Gary Stadler. Because she was very ill upon her return to Maui, she relocated to Caroline Graham Muir's house, since it was more easily accessible than the 3-story house that she and Keith shared. Despite her illness, she recorded several vocal tracks for Daniel Paul (tabla musician); she would get out of bed long enough to sing, and then lay down again. At her death, she was dressed in her favorite green velvet dress. Later, after she had been cremated, her friends chartered a boat; and, with 'Guru Ram Das' playing over the boat's sound system, <mask>'s ashes were cast into the sea. 24–25.Gurudass <mask>, "A Joyful Noise: Gurudass <mask> explores 35 years of music in 3HO",  Aquarian Times Magazine, 4:4, Winter 2005, pp. 66–71. Sat Kartar Kaur Khalsa, "Remembering <mask>ur", Aquarian Times Magazine, 4:4, Winter 2005, p . 72. Gurubanda <mask>, "Music: The Companion that Soothes Us and Moves Us", The Man Called Siri <mask>, eds. Sardarni Premka <mask> Khalsa, Sat Kirpal <mask> Khalsa, Los Angeles, Sikh Dharma, 1979, pp. 306–11. External links
 <mask>'s Soundings of the Planet label
 Singh Kaur's Spiritus album on amazon.com
 <mask>'s Bio and Discography on Sequoia Records
 <mask>'s Discography on Invincible Records

New-age musicians
Converts to Sikhism
American Sikhs
1955 births
1998

masks:
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh
Singh
Singh Ka
Singh Khalsa
Singh Sahib
Kaur
Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur
Singh Kaur


title: Dean Karnazes

texts:
<mask> ( ; born <mask>; August 23, 1962), is an American ultramarathon runner, and author of Ultramarathon Man: Confessions of an All-Night Runner, which details ultra endurance running for the general public. Early life
<mask> was born in Inglewood in Los Angeles County, California southwest of Los Angeles, to Nick and <mask>, parents of Greek ancestry. He had two siblings, brother Kraig and a sister, Pary, who died in an automobile accident at the age of 18. His father worked as a field naturalist for the Orange County Department of Education in 2006. The younger Karnazes brother grew up in Diamond Bar, California and San Clemente, California. In 2006 he said that he remained close to the friends he made at San Clemente High School, which was also attended by both his siblings. Growing up in the city of San Clemente gave him a love of the outdoors, and an appreciation of its small-town feel.At the time his parents still lived in the house where he had grown up. Pre-running career
While attending kindergarten, <mask> began running home from school; he took up running for fun. At first, Karnazes ran direct routes from school to his home. Later, he began to run diversionary routes that would extend his run and take him into uncharted territory. By third grade, he was participating in and organizing short running events with other children. As Karnazes grew older, he began testing his limits: by age eleven he had hiked rim-to-rim across the Grand Canyon and had climbed Mount Whitney, the highest mountain in the contiguous United States; for his 12th birthday, he cycled  to his grandparents' home for fun without telling his parents. In junior

masks:
Dean Karnazes
Constantinos Karnazes
Karnazes
Fran Karnazes
Karnazes


title: Dean Karnazes

texts:
 high school, Karnazes met Jack McTavish, a track coach who became <mask>' mentor and introduced him to the appeal of long-distance running.McTavish's basic running instructions were simple: "Go out hard and finish harder." Using this motto as a basis, that season <mask> won the  California State Long-Distance Championship held on the Mt SAC track. At the end of the race, Coach McTavish commented: "Good work son, how'd it feel?" To this <mask> replied: "Well, going out hard was the right thing to do. It felt pretty good." The coach replied: "If it felt good, you didn't push hard enough. It's supposed to hurt like hell."A week after the race, <mask>' father's job was transferred to San Clemente. These were the last comments the coach ever said to <mask>, who has stated that he lives by these words to this day. In 1976, as a high school freshman at San Clemente High, <mask> joined the cross country team under Benner Cummings. Cummings' running theory was that running is about finding your inner peace; his motto was "run with your heart". That season, <mask> was awarded "Most Inspirational" team member. <mask> also ran his first endurance event that year, a fundraising run on a track for underprivileged children, finishing in just under six hours and raising a dollar a lap from his sponsors. While most students ran only 10–15 laps around the track, he ran 105, a full marathon.<mask> was not compatible with his high-school track coach, and stopped running for fifteen years. Racing highlights and criticisms
<mask> has completed a number of endurance events, mostly running events, but also a swimming event. Beginning with the Lewis and Clark

masks: Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes


title: Dean Karnazes

texts:
 Marathon in St. Louis on September 17, 2006, it finished with the New York City Marathon on November 5. Eight of the 50 races were conventional marathon races. Since marathon races are typically held only on weekends, on the other days <mask> (accompanied by between one and 50 runners) ran the course of a marathon in each state using the help of the race director and staff of each event to officially run the certified course, but on a different day than the "live" event. (For example, as part of the 50/50/50, Karnazes ran the official course of the Boston Marathon, but not the race itself, which is held in mid-April.) <mask> overcame the endurance and logistical difficulties of this goal and finished the final marathon, the NYC Marathon, on the official race day in 3 hours and 30 seconds.He weighed  at the start and  at the end. The adventure was the primary subject of film director JB Benna's 2008 film entitled UltraMarathon Man: 50 Marathons, 50 States, 50 Days, which was the first feature film about Karnazes. The film was produced by Journeyfilm and was released in theaters in 2008. A similar project, undertaken by Sam Thompson to raise money for victims of Hurricane Katrina, was finishing as <mask> began his project. Thompson ran 51 marathons (all 50 states and D.C.) in 50 days. Critical responses
Karnazes' achievements have been derided on some running websites as tainted with hyperbole. Former elite athlete Weldon Johnson said that the criticism is partly due to Karnazes' ability to attract sponsors and gain attention for feats that may be less spectacular than they appear.Ultra-marathoner John Morelock defended <mask>, but also said

masks: Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes


title: Dean Karnazes

texts:
 that Karnazes was "very good, not great. He's not a racer, just a very good performer." He believed that the criticism is sparked by unfamiliarity with ultra-running, and underestimation of the mental and physical endurance required. Other businesses
In 1995, <mask> founded Energy Well Natural Foods in San Francisco and he remains president of the company, now called Good Health Natural Foods. <mask> is also a regular columnist for Men's Health. In 2011, Karnazes opened a Frozen-Yogurt shop in San Anselmo, California called U-Top It! Media appearances
According to his sponsor, Karnazes has been featured on The Today Show, 60 Minutes (2009), The Late Show with David Letterman, CBS News, CNN, ESPN, The Howard Stern Show, NPR's Morning Edition, Late Night with Conan O'Brien, and the BBC.He has also appeared on the cover of Runners' World, Outside, and Wired magazines, and has been featured in TIME, Newsweek, People, GQ, The New York Times, USA TODAY, and The Washington Post, among others. <mask> won Competitor magazine's "Endurance Athlete of the Year" award three times, and also earned ESPN's ESPY award. The "Ultra Marathon Man" episode of Stan Lee's Superhumans documentary television series maintained that <mask> is able to reduce the build-up of lactic acid over long periods of time. <mask> also ascribes his endurance feats to an ability to remain under his lactate threshold – his body's ability to clear lactate from his blood and convert it to energy. Among his training tips is to consume sardines for protein. Personal life
In his memoir, <mask> explains he was twice expelled for attending school while drunk. <mask> stated that he quit

masks: Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes Karnazes


title: Dean Karnazes

texts:
 drinking while at Cal Poly, after the death of his sister.<mask> attended California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo, where his major subject was food science technology. He attended graduate school at the same institution, ending up as the class valedictorian. He paid for his education by obtaining scholarships and grants, and by working at a campus health center. <mask> then went to the University of San Francisco's McLaren School of Business. He holds graduate degrees in Science and Business. <mask> met his wife Julie in 9th grade at San Clemente High School. <mask>' children accompanied their father for much of his run of 50 marathons in 50 states, as they were home-schooled at the time.In 2004, <mask> was named one of GQ "Best Bodies of the Year". <mask> lives in Ross, California. Books
The Road to Sparta: Reliving the Ancient Battle and Epic Run that Inspired the World's Greatest Footrace, Rodale (October 25, 2016)
 Ultramarathon Man: Confessions of an All-Night Runner, Tarcher (March 2, 2006)
 50/50: Secrets I Learned Running 50 Marathons in 50 Days (with Matt Fitzgerald) Grand Central Publishing (August 12, 2009)
 Run: 26.2 Stories of Blisters and Bliss, Rodale (March 1, 2011) . Winner of British Sports Book Awards, Best Publicity Campaign

References

External links

 <mask>zes Interview - Midsection Training

American people of Greek descent
Track and field athletes from Los Angeles
1962 births
Living people
American male ultramarathon runners
People from Ross, California
Food and drink in the San Francisco Bay Area
People from Inglewood, California
People from Diamond Bar, California
People from San Clemente,

masks:
Karnazes
Karnazes
Karnazes
Karnazes
Karnazes
Karnazes
Dean Karna


title: Daniele Baselli

texts:
<mask> (; born 12 March 1992) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Cagliari and the Italy national team. Club career

Early career

<mask> was born in Brescia and joined Atalanta's youth system in 2000, aged 8. In the 2010–11 season he was promoted to the club's Primavera, for which he appeared in 22 league matches and scored five goals. He also collected some appearances on the bench for the first team both in Serie B and Coppa Italia. Cittadella
On 13 July 2011 he was sold to Serie B club Cittadella in a co-ownership deal for a nominal fee of €500, for which he made his debut in a 1–2 loss in Coppa Italia to Fiorentina. He made his debut in the league on 27 August, starting in a 2–1 home success against AlbinoLeffe. He finished the 2011–12 season with 13 appearances in the league, including 10 as a starter.After the renewal of the co-ownership between the two clubs he remained in Veneto the following season, during which he took part in two matches of Coppa Italia and 37 in the league, even scoring his professional goal on 18 May 2013, netting the winner in a home win over Ascoli. Return to Atalanta
On 20 June 2013 he returned to Atalanta, after the Bergamo side bought the other half of the player's rights for €803,500, with Cittadella offering a reported €50,000 less. He signed a four-year deal with Atalanta, and made his debut for the club on 18 August, playing the last 17 minutes and assisting Giuseppe De Luca in the last goal of a 3–0 home win over Bari. On 1 September <mask> made his Serie A debut, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 2–0 home success over Torino; he was handed his first start in the main category of Italian football thirteen days later, in a 0–2 loss against Napoli. He scored his first goal in Serie A on 10 May 2015 in Palermo, scoring the 1–0 against the Rosaneri. Torino
On 10 July 2015, he was sold to Torino, in the same transfer

masks:
Daniele Baselli
Baselli
Baselli


title: Daniele Baselli

texts:
 that also brought Davide Zappacosta to Piedmont, for a total of €10.3 million. <mask>inone. He concluded the 2014–15 season with 35 appearances and four goals. On 20 August 2016, he scored his first goal of the 2016–17 season in a 3–2 loss against Milan at the San Siro. He concluded the season with 37 appearances and six goals. On 12 July 2017, he renewed his contract with Torino until 2022. <mask> continued to play as a starter for Torino in the 2017–18 season, first under the manager Siniša Mihajlović, and later under Walter Mazzarri. On 6 May 2018, he captained Torino for the first time during a 2–2 draw at the Stadio San Paolo against Napoli.He concluded his third season with Torino making 32 appearances and scoring 4 goals, earning his first call-up to the Italy national football team. On 25 July 2019, in his fifth season for Torino , he makes his UEFA club competition debut in the Europa League first qualifying round against Debreceni VSC (3-0). He played for Torino for another 2 and a half seasons, struggling to find playing time due to multiple injuries and technical choices. Cagliari
On 28 January 2022, he was sold outright to Cagliari. International career
In 2009, he played two friendly matches with the Italy under-18. On 24 September 2009 he made his debut with the under-19 in the match won 3–0 against Turkey. On 13 November 2012 he made his debut with the under-21, in the friendly match won 1–0 against Spain.He was called up by Devis Mangia for a friendly won the following 6 February against Germany, but did not play. On 14 August 2013 he played as a starter in the friendly match won by the Azzurri 4–1 against Slovakia. On 5 September 2013, he played as a starter under Luigi Di Biagio in the match against Belgium, valid for the 2015 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifiers. From 10 to 12 March 2014, he was called up to the senior national team by coach Cesare Prandelli as

masks: Basellios Baselli


title: Daniele Baselli

texts:
 part of an internship to evaluate young players ahead of the 2014 FIFA World Cup, confirmed on the next meeting between 14 and 15 April. He took part in the 2015 UEFA European Under-21 Championship in the Czech Republic. <mask> earned his first senior cap in an 8–0 drubbing of San Marino in an unofficial friendly match on 31 May 2017, for Italy national football B team. He started the game and played 45 minutes, before being replaced by fellow debutant Lorenzo Pellegrini.On 19 May 2018 <mask> was called up to the Italy senior national team by coach Roberto Mancini for the team's friendlies against Saudi Arabia, France and the Netherlands. He made his official debut for the Italy senior side on 4 June, in a 1–1 friendly draw against the Netherlands in Turin, coming on as a second-half substitute for Jorginho. Style of play
According to his agent Giuseppe Riso: "His role is certainly as a central midfielder, not in front of the defence. Over time he will be able to play as a metodista however right now his movement is quite dangerous when he makes runs into the opposing area. He is a 'box to box midfielder'". An elegant, technically gifted, and complete midfielder, <mask> is a clean tackler and a competent passer with both feet; due to his attributes, he is capable of winning balls, scoring goals, or creating chances for his team. Career statistics

Club
Updated 23 May 2021.

International

Honours

Club
Atalanta
Torneo Città di Arco (2): 2008, 2009
Campionato Berretti: 2008–09

References

External links
 FIGC international stats

1992 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Brescia
Italian footballers
Italy international footballers
Italy youth international footballers
Italy under-21 international footballers
Association football midfielders
Serie A players
Serie B players
Atalanta B.C.players
A.S. Cittadella players
Torino F.C. players
Cagliari Calcio players
Footballers from

masks: Baselli Baselli Baselli


title: Gene Bremer

texts:
<mask> (Bremmer) (July 18, 1916 – June 19, 1971) was an American pitcher in Negro league baseball. He played between 1932 and 1949. Pitching style
The 5' 8" righthander pitched exclusively without a windup and utilized an overhand curve. Playing career

Early Days
<mask> began his career in 1932 with his hometown New Orleans Crescent Stars. In 1935, he joined Winfield Welch's independent Shreveport Giants. Cincinnati Tigers
In 1936, <mask> joined the Cincinnati Tigers, posting a 25-12 record. The Tigers became charter members of the Negro American League in 1937 with Bremer posting a 5-1 record in league play.Broadview Buffaloes
Aside from his time with the Tigers in 1936 and 1937, Bremer was also a member of the Broadview Buffaloes, an integrated team in the Canadian Southern Saskatchewan League. The Buffaloes are viewed by many historians as one of the first integrated teams in all of Canada. Memphis Red Sox
When the Tigers dissolved prior to the 1938 season, Bremer followed Tigers manager Ted Radcliffe to the Memphis Red Sox. The Red Sox would win the 1938 Negro American League first half pennant, then the league pennant over the Atlanta Black Crackers. In 1940, he was named as the West team's starting pitcher in the annual East-West All-Star Game. During the game, he suffered control problems, walking five batters and giving up two runs in the loss. In his three years in Memphis, Bremer logged a 2-13 record in league play with a 3.72 ERA.Kansas City Monarchs
Bremer joined the Kansas City Monarchs late in the 1938 season, making three appearances in league play with a 1-0 record before returning to Memphis the following

masks:
Eugene Joseph Bremer
Bremer
Bremer


title: Gene Bremer

texts:
 season. Monterrey Industriales
Bremer briefly jumped South of the border and joined the Monterrey Industriales of the Mexican League in 1939, logging a 1-2 record and 3.12 ERA in seven games before returning to Memphis in 1940. Brief Retirement
Bremer briefly retired and did not play in the 1941 season. Cincinnati/Cleveland Buckeyes

1942
In 1942, Bremer joined former Tigers teammates Bill Jefferson, Sonny Harris, and Ray Robinson on the expansion Cincinnati Buckeyes of the Negro American League. Posting a 5-1 record with a 2.73 ERA in league play, Bremer made the West All-Star team for the second time in his career. Two All-Star games were played in 1942, with Bremer earning the starting nod in the second game, hosted in Cleveland. Tryout with Indians
On September 1, 1942, the Chicago Tribune reported that <mask> and teammate Sam Jethroe were to receive tryouts from the Cleveland Indians prior to the 1943 season.Indians president Alva Bradley quickly reneged on his promise, stating to the Cleveland Call and Post that his scouts had seen <mask>, Jethroe, and a third Buckeye, Parnell Woods play in the second East-West Game on August 18 in Cleveland, and based upon that one viewing had decided that the three "did not stack up as material for the Indians". Car accident
On September 7, one of three vehicles carrying Buckeyes players and staff crashed on Route 20 near Geneva, Ohio. Teammates Ulysses Brown and Smoky Owens were killed instantly. Four other Buckeyes were injured including <mask>, who was hospitalized and missed the remainder of the season with a fractured skull and concussion. 1943
<mask> moved with the Buckeyes to

masks: Bremer Bremer Bremer Bremer


title: Gene Bremer

texts:
 Cleveland in 1943, posting a 4-3 record with a .494 ERA. 1944
In 1944, <mask> was rejected for military service and returned to the Buckeyes, logging a 5-2 record and 2.06 ERA. He was once again selected to play in the All Star Game, pitching 1.2 scoreless innings in the West's victory 7-4 over the East.1945
<mask> was the ace of the Buckeyes pitching staff in 1945, posting a 7-1 record and 2.25 ERA in league play, earning another All-Star appearance and leading the Buckeyes to the Negro League World Series. <mask> closed out the All-Star game, coming in to record the final out of 9-6 West victory. In the World Series, <mask> was the star of game two, holding the Homestead Grays to two runs and knocking in the game winning run in the bottom of the ninth with a ground rule double. The Buckeyes went on to sweep the Grays 4-0 for the championship. 1946
Hampered by injuries, <mask> remained on the Buckeyes roster but was used less frequently, posting a 5.61 ERA in 33.2 innings. 1947
<mask> returned to the Buckeyes' deep pitching staff in 1947, primarily in a relief role. The Buckeyes won their second pennant in 3 years, but lost to the New York Cubans in the Negro League World Series four games to one.In his only appearance in the series, Bremer gave up 6 runs and 12 hits in a 9-4 complete game loss. 1948
Bremer made only one recorded league appearance in 1948, starting and pitching a lone complete game loss. 1949
The Buckeyes moved to Louisville in 1949, and Bremer reported to the team prior to the season opener in May. In an interview with the Call and Post, Bremer reported that he and at least 4 other players quit the team

masks: Bremer Bremer Bremer Bremer Bremer Bremer


title: Gene Bremer

texts:
 over unpaid salary. Rochester Royals
In 1949, the semi-pro Rochester Royals of the Southern Minnesota League signed several Negro League players including Bremer. Bremer suffered from control issues in his first two starting appearances and was moved to left field before injuring himself on a slide into first base. New Orleans Creoles
In addition to pitching in Rochester in 1949, Bremer returned to his hometown and briefly joined 1945 Buckeyes teammates Bill Jefferson and Buddy Armour on the independent New Orleans Creoles.Death and legacy
<mask> died at age 54 in Cleveland and is buried at Evergreen Memorial Park in Bedford Heights, Ohio. In 2011 Lorain High School honored Bremer between games of a doubleheader on "Rube Foster Night", presenting a plaque to his family. Bremer had eight children and one of his grandsons, J.R<mask>, played professional basketball for the Cleveland Cavaliers. Confusion with other players
While <mask> is credited in other early sources with time on the Cedar Rapids Rockets, a Yankees farm team in 1949, the <mask>er listed on the team's rosters is a different player. The Bremers on the 1949 Rockets were twin brothers and Moville, Iowa natives Jack and <mask> (of no relation). See also
 1945 Cleveland Buckeyes Season
 1945 Negro League World Series
 East-West All-Star Game

References

External links
 and Baseball-Reference Black Baseball stats and Seamheads

1916 births
1971 deaths
Kansas City Monarchs players
Memphis Red Sox players
New Orleans Crescent Stars players
Cleveland Buckeyes players
Baseball players from New Orleans
Cincinnati Tigers (baseball) players
20th-century African-American

masks:
Gene Bremer
. Bremer
Gene Bremer
Gene Brem
Gene Bremer


title: Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester

texts:
Lieutenant-General <mask>, 1st Earl of Rochester (26 October 1612 – 19 February 1658), known as The Lord Wilmot between 1643 and 1644 and as The Viscount Wilmot between 1644 and 1652, was an English Cavalier who fought for the Royalist cause during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Early life
Wilmot's family was descended from Edward Wilmot of Witney, Oxfordshire, whose son Charles Wilmot, 1st Viscount Wilmot had served with distinction in Ireland during Tyrone's Rebellion at the beginning of the 17th century, and was president of Connaught from 1616 until his death. In 1621, Charles had been created an Irish peer as Viscount Wilmot. Wilmot was born in 1612 as the third son of Charles, but he was the only one still alive on his father's death so he succeeded to the title. 1630s and early 1640s
Wilmot had five years experience in the Dutch army, and was badly wounded at the siege of Breda. He joined Charles I for the Bishops' Wars (1639–1640) and served as an officer in the cavalry, sitting in the Royal Council of War and led a charge at Battle of Newburn and was captured by the Scots when it broke. In 1640, Wilmot was elected to the Long Parliament to represent Tamworth.It was during this period that he became involved as a member of a set of young MPs and officers around Queen Henrietta Maria, (a patron who would help him later in his life). As part of this set he took an active part in the Army Plot of 1641 against Parliament. He was committed to the Tower of London and expelled from the House of Commons. First Civil War
As soon as the First English Civil War started Wilmot joined King Charles I at York. By 5 August


title: Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester

texts:
 Spanish King. In 1656, Wilmot obtained command of an English foot regiment in the royalist army in Bruges, thus becoming the first colonel of the Grenadier Guards.The unhealthy and overcrowded conditions of the regiment's quarters in the winter of 1657–58 caused many in it to fall sick, including its commander. Wilmot died at Sluys on 19 February and was buried at Bruges. After the Restoration, his body was transferred to the family vault at Spelsbury church, Oxfordshire. He was succeeded by son John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, a noted poet and libertine at the Restoration court. Family
On 21 August 1633, Wilmot married Frances Morton, daughter of Sir George Morton of Clenston. In 1644, some time after Frances had died, Wilmot married Anne Lee, daughter of Sir John St John, 1st Baronet St John of Lydiard Tregoze, and widow of Sir <mask> Lee, 2nd Baronet Lee of Quarendon. They had a son John, who was born on 10 April 1647.John inherited his father's title and went on to become a well known raconteur, wit and poet at the court of Charles II. Notes

References
 Aubrey, Philip. Mr Secretary Thurloe: Cromwell's Secretary of State, 1652–1660. Athlone Press, 1990.

 cites:

 online review:

Attribution:

Further reading
 Biography of Wilmot British Civil Wars & Commonwealth website
 Oswald Barron, 'The Wild Wilmots', The Ancestor XI (1904), 3–8 22–23. |-

1612 births
1658 deaths
Wilmot, <mask>liers
Grenadier Guards officers
English generals
Ambassadors of England to Denmark
Earls of Rochester
Peers of England created by Charles I
17th-century Anglo-Irish people
17th-century English diplomats
Military personnel of the

masks:
Francis Henry
Henry Cava


title: Eric Parry

texts:
<mask>  (born 24 March 1952) is a British architect, designer, writer and educator. <mask> is the founder and principal of Eric Parry Architects established in London in 1983. His built work includes the restoration and renewal of St Martin-in-the-Fields in London, the Holburne Museum in Bath, 50 New Bond Street, 23 Savile Row, One Eagle Place in Piccadilly, Aldermanbury Square by London Wall, 30 Finsbury Square in London, and the London Stock Exchange. His projects also include a number of residential developments. <mask>'s architectural work and design has been shown internationally on major exhibitions, including the Royal Academy of Arts, the British School at Rome, and the 2012 Venice Biennale of Architecture. Personal life

Born in Kuwait City, Kuwait on 24 March 1952, to British parents Marion and <mask>, <mask>'s father was Chief Medical Officer in the Kuwaiti health service between 1948 and 1962. In his book Context: Architecture and the Genius of Place (2015), <mask> alludes to his memories of growing up in Kuwait within sight of the nomadic life of Bedouin tribes.Later moving to Britain, <mask> was educated at Shrewsbury School. From 1970, he attended Newcastle University School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts' degree in Architecture in 1973. He later registered with the Royal College of Arts, where he obtained his Master of Arts in 1978. <mask> completed his formal architectural education at the Architectural Association School of Architecture, where he was taught by Dalibor Vesely and Peter Carl, both of whom he would again later encounter while teaching in Cambridge. <mask> obtained his Diploma in Architecture by the Architectural Association in 1980. He taught at the Cambridge Department of Architecture from 1983 to 1997, as a Lecturer in architecture. <mask> was conferred an honorary Master of Arts by the University of

masks:
Eric Owen Parry
Parry
Eric Parry
Eric Parry
Parry
Parry
Parry
Parry
Parry
Parry


title: Eric Parry

texts:
 Cambridge, and is a member of Peterhouse, Cambridge.In 2006, <mask> was elected at the Royal Academy of Arts, and in 2012 received the degree of Doctor of Arts Honoris Causa from the University of Bath. Professional life
<mask> began his professional life as a Lecturer at the Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge from 1983 to 1997. Since then he has taught at numerous universities, including the Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, the University of Houston and the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan. He founded <mask> Architects in London in 1983. His early work included Artists' Studios in London for Antony Gormley and Tom Phillips, completed in 1988, as well as a private rehabilitation of the Château de Paulin in Tarn, France, which included the work of sculptor Stephen Cox. From this period dates also his masterplan for Pembroke College, Cambridge that was followed in 1993 by the project for the College's New Lodge and Student Accommodation. This was accompanied by a number of invited competition entries, namely for the extension of the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge (1993), and to rebuild St George's Hall, Windsor Castle after the fire of 1992.<mask>'s body of work also includes the corporate and commercial projects for W3 Stockley Park, completed in 1991, additional offices and conference rooms for the Royal Lancaster Hotel, London, and a complex of apartments for Damai Suria, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, completed in 1997. This work led to further commissions, such as the office buildings in London for 30 Finsbury Square, completed in 2002 as well as 23 Savile Row, 60 Threadneedle Street, 50 New Bond Street, all of which were completed in 2009. This involvement with the corporate world included the project for the new London Stock Exchange. At the same time, on the historical and educational fronts <mask> developed a number of projects for schools, from the

masks:
Parry
Eric Parry
Eric Parry
Parry
Parry


title: Eric Parry

texts:
 Bedford School Library and Music School to Wells Cathedral School Cedar's Hall completed in 2017. The cultural side to the practice is reflected in <mask>'s projects for London art galleries such as the Timothy Taylor Gallery in Dering Street and Carlos Place, as well as the restoration and renewal of St Martin-in-the-Fields, completed in 2008, and the Holburne Museum in Bath, Somerset. <mask>'s later work includes the residential building N10 for the East Village, London, formerly Olympic Village during the London 2012 Games. In 2013, <mask>'s completion of One Eagle Place, Piccadilly, was announced in the press, featuring a cornice by Turner Prize winner, artist Richard Deacon.The news was followed by <mask>'s completion of the neighbouring 8 St James's Square, a building that broke the UK office rent record. <mask> also designed furniture for the Timothy Taylor Gallery, the Timothy Taylor Table, and for the Four Seasons Hotel Spa in Park Lane. The practice also boasts two series of Vigilia Benches and Sanctuary Benches designed by <mask> for St Martin-in-the-Fields. A Holburne Museum Bench was also designed for the Holburne Museum. Books
In 2015, <mask> published Context: Architecture and the Genius of Place describing his approach to architecture. <mask> previously published two monographs on the practice's work, Volume 1 and Volume 2, with texts by Dalibor Vesely and Wilfried Wang. By the beginning of 2016, a Volume 3 was released, featuring an introduction by Dalibor Vesely and with main text by Edwin Heathcote.Short films
<mask> has produced two series of short films reflecting on the City of Westminster and the City of London, as well as on the Holburne Museum in Bath, and on the construction of 4 Pancras Square. <mask> has also hosted a series of seminars documented in film with Joseph Rykwert, Dalibor Vesely, Robin Middleton, Peter Carl, Alberto Pérez-Gómez and David

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<mask> (June 15, 1889 – August 25, 1968) was an American historian who, in his later years, was known for his historical revisionism and Holocaust denial. After receiving a PhD at Columbia in 1918 <mask> became a professor of history at Clark University before moving to Smith College as a professor of historical sociology in 1923. In 1929 he left teaching to work as a journalist, freelance writer and occasional adjunct professor at smaller schools. in 1919/20 and between 1923 and 1937 he lectured regularly at the New School for Social Research. Through his prodigious scholarly output, <mask> was once highly regarded as a historian. However, by the 1950s, he had lost credibility and become a "professional pariah." <mask> published more than 30 books, 100 essays, and 600 articles and book reviews, many for the Council on Foreign Relations journal Foreign Affairs, where he served as Bibliographical Editor.Early career

<mask> took a PhD at Columbia in 1918 in history with a study in the history of penology. He was among the graduate students of William Archibald Dunning, who was influential in the history of the Reconstruction era in the United States. In 1917 <mask> published the first edition of An Introduction to the History of Sociology, a collaborative work intended to be a comprehensive summary of sociological development. <mask> lectured widely between 1918 and 1941 on current events and recent history. During World War I, <mask> had been a strong supporter of the war effort; his anti-German propaganda was rejected by the National Board for Historical Service, which described it as  "too violent to be acceptable". After the war, <mask>' views towards

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 Germany reversed: he became as much of a Germanophile as he previously had been Germanophobic. <mask> took the view that the United States had fought on the wrong side in World War I.In the 1920s, <mask> was noted as a vehement advocate that Germany had borne no responsibility for the outbreak of war in 1914, and had instead been the victim of Allied aggression. In 1922, <mask> was arguing that the responsibility for World War I was split evenly between the Allies and the Central Powers. By 1924, <mask> was writing that Austria was the power most responsible for the war, but that Russia and France were more responsible than Germany. By 1926, <mask> argued that Russia and France bore the entire responsibility for the outbreak of war in 1914, and the Central Powers none. In <mask>' view, "vested political and historical interests" were behind the "official" account that Germany started World War I.

<mask>' research on the origins of World War I was generously funded in the 1920s by the German Foreign Ministry, which intended to prove that Germany had not started World War I as a way of undermining the Treaty of Versailles. In <mask>' articles on the causes of World War I in The Nation, Current History, Christian Century, and above all in his 1926 book The Genesis of the World War, he portrayed France and Russia as the aggressors of the July Crisis of 1914, and Germany and Austria-Hungary as the victims of a Franco-Russian plot. In 1922 he wrote an article for the first issue of Foreign Affairs, the foreign policy journal published by the Council on Foreign Relations, having earlier contributed book reviews to The Journal for International Relations, which

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texts: became Foreign Affairs in 1922.After 1924, <mask> had a close relationship with the Centre for the Study of the Causes of the War, a pseudo-historical think-tank based in Berlin secretly funded by the German government and founded by Major Alfred von Wegerer, the former völkisch activist. The centre's sole purpose was to prove Germany was the victim of aggression in 1914, and that the Versailles treaty was morally invalid. The Centre provided <mask> with research material, made funds available to him, translated his writings into other languages, and funded his trip to Germany in 1926. During <mask>' 1926 trip to Germany, the writer was welcomed for his efforts to, as <mask> described it, "clear Germany of the dishonour and fraud of the war-guilt clause of the Treaty of Versailles". During his European trip, <mask> met with the former German Emperor, Wilhelm II, at his estate in the Netherlands. According to <mask>, the ex-ruler said that he "was happy to know that I did not blame him for starting the war in 1914." However, <mask> added, "He disagreed with my view that Russia and France were chiefly responsible.He held that the villains of 1914 were the international Jews and Free Masons, who, he alleged, desired to destroy national states and the Christian religion". In addition, during this 1926 trip <mask> met all of the surviving German and Austrian leaders of 1914. Based on their statements, he was confirmed in his belief that Germany was not responsible for World War I. To assist <mask> with his writings against the so-called Kriegschuldlüge ("war guilt lie"), the Germans put <mask> into contact with Milos Boghitschewitsch, a former Serbian diplomat

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 living in Berlin. He was considered disreputable as, in exchange for German gold, he provided false testimony about the actions of the Serbian government in 1914. In 1926, <mask> published The Genesis of the World War, the first American book written about 1914 that was based upon the available primary sources. He argued that World War I was the result of a Franco-Russian plot to destroy Germany.Wegerer wrote about The Genesis of the World War that it would be "scarcely possible to provide a better book than this one". <mask> was opposed to the idea of World War I as "just war", which he believed to have been caused by the economic imperialism of France and Russia. In 1925, <mask> wrote:

If we can but understand how totally and terribly we were "taken in" between 1914 and 1918 by the salesmen of this most holy and idealistic world conflict, we shall be the better prepared to be on our guard against the seductive lies and deceptions which will be put forward by similar groups when urging the necessity of another world catastrophe in order to "crush militarism", "make the world safe for democracy", put an end to all further wars, etc. In his preface to The Genesis of the World War, <mask> called World War I an "unjust war against Germany". <mask> wrote in his preface that:

the truth about the causes of the World War is one of the livest and most important practical issues of the present day. It is basic to the whole matter of the present European and world situation, resting as it does upon an unfair and unjust Peace Treaty, which was itself erected upon a most uncritical and complete acceptance of the grossest forms of war-time illusions concerning war

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 guilt. <mask> said when writing The Genesis of the World War, he was compelled by "an ardent desire to execute an adequate exposure of the authors of the late World War in particular".According to <mask>, the responsibility for World War I was as follows:

In estimating the order of guilt of the various countries we may safely say that the only direct and immediate responsibility for the World War falls upon Serbia, France and Russia, with the guilt about equally distributed. Next in order—far below France and Russia—would come Austria, though she never desired a general European war. Finally, we place Germany and England as tied for last place, both being opposed to war in the 1914 crisis. Probably the German public was somewhat more favorable to military activity than the English people, but ... the Kaiser made much more strenuous efforts to preserve the peace of Europe in 1914 than did Sir Edward Grey. The German government so liked <mask>'s writings on the causes of World War I that it provided free copies of his articles to hand out at German embassies around the world. Though most German historians in the 1920s regarded <mask> merely as a propagandist whose work was mainly meant to appeal to a mass as opposed to an academic audience, the right-wing German historian Hans Herzfeld called <mask>'s work "a document in the struggle against the war guilt thesis whose noble spirit cannot be appreciated enough". The German-Canadian historian Holger Herwig has commented that <mask>'s work on the origins of World War I, together with others of a similar bent, did immense scholarly damage, as generations of university students accepted <mask>' "apologias" for

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 Germany as the truth.In 1969, the British historian A. J. P. Taylor called The Genesis of the World War "the most preposterously pro-German" account of the outbreak of war in 1914. In 1926, the American historian Bernadotte Schmitt wrote about The Genesis of the World War that:

It must be said that Mr. <mask>' book falls short of being the objective and scientific analysis of the great problems which is so urgently needed. As a protest against the old notion of unique German responsibility for the war, it will be welcomed by all honest men, but as an attempt to set up a new doctrine of unique Franco-Russian responsibility, it must be unhesitatingly rejected. The war was a consequence, perhaps inevitable, of the whole system of alliances and armaments, and in the origin, development, and working of that system, the Central Powers, more particularly Germany, played a conspicuous part. Indeed, it was Germany that put the system to the test in July 1914. Because the test failed, she is not entitled to claim that no responsibility attaches to her. In 1980, the American historian Lucy Dawidowicz attacked <mask> and contrasted his work with the German historian Fritz Fischer's book Griff nach der Weltmacht (Grasping at World Power).<mask>'s very public attacks on the idea of World War I as a just war, and his thesis that the United States should not have fought in the war, won him the admiration and friendship in the 1920s of many people in the United States such Oswald Garrison Villard, the Socialist leader Norman Thomas, the critic H. L. Mencken, and the historian Charles A. Beard. Long regarded as a leader of the progressive intelligentsia, <mask> joined many of

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 its intellectual leaders such as Beard in opposing from the left the New Deal and, at the price of their reputations, American entry into World War II. In the years following the war, he argued that Adolf Hitler did not want to go to war with the United States and that President Franklin D. Roosevelt had deliberately provoked the attack on Pearl Harbor. He also contested many aspects of the Holocaust, claiming death figures were far lower and arguing that all sides were guilty of equally awful atrocities. World War II
In the late 1930s, <mask> emerged as a leading isolationist and German apologist who defended German foreign policy as a legitimate effort to overthrow the Treaty of Versailles, which <mask> regarded as monstrously unfair to Germany. In 1937, <mask> identified as a "noninterventionist" opposed to the United States being involved in any sort of foreign war.After World War II, <mask> continued to expound his pre-war views of European diplomacy. In 1939, <mask> published an article that claimed British diplomat Sir Robert Vansittart was "scheming to commit aggression" against Germany in the late 1930s. As a result, Vansittart sued <mask> for libel. In a letter to his friend Oswald Villard, <mask> said that Vansittart's libel suit against him was a "plot of the Jews and the Anti-Defamation League to intimidate any American historians who propose to tell the truth about the causes of the war". <mask> said that Louis Nizer, Vansittart's lawyer, was an "Anti-Defamation League stooge" who had "needled Vansittart into action". <mask> wrote further:
If I could raise money enough for a real defense we could make this an international cause celebre, but I

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texts: cannot fight the thirty million dollars now in the coffers of the Anti-Defamation League to be used for character assassination on empty pockets. If we let them get away with this, we are licked from the start.The American historian Deborah Lipstadt has documented that the Anti-Defamation League had nothing to do with Vansittart or his libel suit against <mask>.She says that <mask>' claims otherwise were a sign of his anti-Semitism. In 1940, the New York World-Telegram newspaper dropped <mask>' weekly column. The writer responded by complaining the action was due to a conspiracy against him, involving MI6 intelligence service, the House of Morgan, and all of the Jewish department store owners in New York City. <mask> alleged that the latter had threatened the publisher of the New York World-Telegram with the "loss of all advertising if he kept me on any longer". After World War II, <mask> was increasingly strident in his writing, which alienated many and made it difficult for his writings to gain publication. Most of <mask>' work after 1945 was self-published. In particular, <mask> claimed that a "historical black-out" had covered up the real origins of World War II.In his 1947 pamphlet, "The Struggle Against The Historical Blackout", <mask> claimed that "court historians" suppressed that Hitler was the most "reasonable" leader in the world in 1939, and that France's Premier Édouard Daladier wanted to commit aggression against Germany, aided and abetted by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and the U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In the same pamphlet, <mask> claimed that, as part of the alleged smear campaign that had been committed against


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 Germany, Allied governments had falsely charged Germany with responsibility for crimes that she did not commit. In 1948, <mask> wrote to Villard, saying that Winston Churchill and Roosevelt, "backed by certain pressure groups", caused the outbreak of war in 1939. Later in 1948, <mask> wrote a statement saying that France had repeatedly committed aggression against Germany, and that, "Offhand I cannot recall a really unprovoked German invasion of France in modern times". <mask>' statement contained a list of every French invasion of Germany starting in 1552 and ended with: "1918 French invade Germany with American aid. 1944–45 French again ride into Germany on the backs of the Americans." In a letter to his friend Charles Tansill in 1950, <mask> described German foreign policy in 1939 as the "most reasonable of them all".<mask> wrote that Chamberlain was "almost solely responsible for the outbreak of war on both the Eastern and Western fronts." In <mask>' view, Germany did not "precipitously launch" an invasion of Poland in 1939, but was instead "forced" into war by "acts of economic strangulation" issued by the Chamberlain cabinet. In a 1953 essay, "Revisionism and the Historical Black-out", which appeared in <mask>' self-published book, Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace, he wrote:
It is no exaggeration to say that the American Smearbund, operating through newspaper editors and columnists, "hatchet-men" book reviewers, radio commentators, pressure-group intrigue and espionage, and academic pressures and fears, has accomplished about as much in the way of intimidating honest intellectuals in this country as Hitler, Goebbels, Himmler, the Gestapo, and


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 concentration camps were able to do in Nazi Germany. A strong non-interventionist, <mask> was very publicly opposed to the United States fighting in the Korean War. Holocaust denial
In 1955, <mask> first met David Hoggan, and played a key role in helping Hoggan adapt his 1948 PhD dissertation, The Breakdown of German-Polish Relations in 1939: The Conflict Between the German New Order and the Polish Idea of Central Eastern Europe, into his 1961 book, Der erzwungene Krieg (The Forced War). It was "based on, but quite different from, the dissertation", and Hoggan blamed the Allies for the outbreak of World War II. In 1963, <mask> self-published a pamphlet, "Blasting the Historical Black-out", in which he offered some praise for A. J. P. Taylor's 1961 book, The Origins of the Second World War.<mask> said that he thought Hoggan's book was better than Taylor's. In "Blasting the Historical Black-out", <mask> referred to the "alleged wartime crimes of Germany" and wrote that, "Even assuming that all the charges ever made by the Nazis by anybody of reasonable sanity and responsibility are true, the Allies did not come off much, if any better". <mask> wrote further that the suffering by ethnic Germans expelled from Czechoslovakia and Poland after World War II were "obviously far more hideous and prolonged than those of the Jews said to have been exterminated in great numbers by the Nazis." Responding to an extremely hostile review of Der erzwungene Krieg by the American historian Gerhard Weinberg in the American Historical Review in October 1962, <mask> and Hoggan wrote a series of letters rebutting Weinberg's arguments. Weinberg in turn wrote letters replying to and


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 rebutting the arguments of Hoggan and <mask>. The exchanges between Hoggan and <mask> on one side and Weinberg on the other became increasingly rancorous and vitriolic; in October 1963, the editors of the American Historical Review announced that (in the interests of decorum) they would cease publishing letters relating to Hoggan's book. In his 1962 pamphlet, "Revisionism and Brainwashing", <mask> claimed that there was a "lack of any serious opposition or concerted challenge to the atrocity stories and other modes of defamation of German national character and conduct."<mask> wrote that, in his view, there was "a failure to point out the atrocities of the Allies were more brutal, painful, mortal and numerous than the most extreme allegations made against the Germans." Starting at this time, <mask> started to cite the French Holocaust denier Paul Rassinier, whom <mask> described as a "distinguished French historian" who had exposed the "exaggerations of the atrocity stories". In a 1964 article entitled "Zionist Fraud", published in The American Mercury, <mask> wrote:

The courageous author [Rassinier] lays the chief blame for misrepresentation on those whom we must call the swindlers of the crematoria, the Israeli politicians who derive billions of marks from nonexistent, mythical and imaginary cadavers, whose numbers have been reckoned in an unusually distorted and dishonest manner.In 1964, <mask> and Rassinier met and became friends. As a result, <mask> translated Rassinier's book The Drama Of the European Jews into English; it was published by an antisemitic publishing house named Liberty Bell. Using Rassinier as his source, <mask> claimed that Germany was


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 the victim of aggression in both 1914 and 1939, and that the Holocaust was just propaganda to justify a war of aggression against Germany in the latter case. <mask> thought that World War II had ended in disaster for the West, because Germany was divided and the United States locked into the Cold War. <mask> thought that this was a terrible outcome, as he asserted that Germany never wanted war.<mask> claimed that, in order to justify the "horrors and evils of the Second World War", the Allies made the Nazis the "scapegoat" for their own misdeeds. <mask> said there were two false claims made about World War II; namely, that Germany started the war in 1939, and that they conducted the Holocaust. In <mask>' opinion: "Hitler setting off the war was also deemed responsible for the wholesale extermination of the Jews, for it was admitted that this did not begin until a considerable time after war broke out." <mask> said: "The size of the German reparations to Israel has been based on the theory that vast numbers of Jews were exterminated at the express order of Hitler, some six million being the most usually accepted number" (emphasis in the original). <mask> repeated his ideas many times. In his 1966 essay "Revisionism: A Key to Peace", <mask> wrote:

Even if one were to accept the most extreme and exaggerated indictment of Hitler and the National Socialists for their activities after 1939 made by anybody fit to remain outside a mental hospital, it is most alarmingly easy to demonstrate that the atrocities of the Allies in the same period were more numerous as to victims and were carried out for the most part by methods more brutal and painful than that alleged


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texts: extermination in gas ovens. (Emphasis in the original.)In his 1967 pamphlet, "The Public Stake in Revisionism", <mask> said that the historical "blackout" with regards to World War II had become a "smotherout" as a result of the trial of Adolf Eichmann. Writing about the Eichmann trial of 1961, <mask> said that the trial showed "an almost adolescent gullibility and excitability on the part of Americans relative to German wartime crimes, real or alleged" (emphasis in original). <mask> wrote that the charges against Eichmann rested on "fundamental but unproved assumptions that what Hitler and the National Socialists did in the years after [the Allies] entered the war". <mask> accused the American media of publishing "sensational articles" about "exaggerated National Socialist savagery". <mask> described the expulsion of Germans from Eastern Europe as the "final solution" for the German people. Writing of the expulsion of the ethnic Germans from the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia in 1945–46, he claimed that "at least four million of them perished in the process from butchery, starvation and disease." <mask> claimed that the Allied bombing offensive, together with the expulsions of the ethnic Germans from Eastern Europe, were far worse than anything the Nazis were alleged to have done.In "The Public Stake in Revisionism", <mask> wrote that "The number of civilians exterminated by the Allies, before, during, and after the Second World War, equaled, if it did not far exceed those liquidated by the Germans and the Allied liquidation program was often carried out by methods which were far more brutal and painful then whatever extermination actually took place


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 in German gas ovens". <mask> said that certain (unnamed) "court historians" were guilty of ensuring that Allied war crimes were never "cogently and frankly placed over against the doings, real or alleged, at Auschwitz." <mask> acknowledged that there were concentration camps in Nazi Germany, but denied there were ever death camps. <mask> said that when "court historians" were forced by "revisionists" to admit there were no death camps, the evidence for gas chambers at the death camps was manufactured. <mask> wrote:

What is deemed important today is not whether Hitler started war in 1939 or whether Roosevelt was responsible for Pearl Harbour, but the number of prisoners were allegedly done to death in the concentration camps operated by Germany during the war. These camps were first presented as those in Germany, such as Dachau, Belsen, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, and Dora, but it was demonstrated that there had been no systematic extermination in those camps. Attention was then moved on to Auschwitz, Treblinka, Belzec, Chelmno, Jonoska, Tarnow, Ravensbrück, Mauthausen, Breznia and Birkenau, which does not exhaust the list that appears to have been extended as needed.<mask> claimed that "court historians", to keep the public from getting "bored", manufactured stories about German crimes against humanity that were "made more unceasing, exaggerated and inflammatory".In response, the German historian Martin Broszat wrote a letter in 1962 clarifying and defining the differences between concentration and death camps. In his letter to the Die Zeit newspaper, Broszat wrote that he wanted to "hammer home, once more, the persistently ignored or denied difference


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texts: between concentration and extermination camps." In his letter, Broszat claimed this was not an "admission" that there was no Holocaust, but rather an attempt to "set the record straight" about the differences between concentration and death camps. Broszat noted the differences between concentration camps, which were places where the inmates were consistently mistreated, but were not the subject of annihilation, and death camps, which existed solely for the purpose of exterminating their inmates. Broszat denied there was a functioning gas chamber at the Dachau concentration camp (though he noted that one was built shortly before the end of the war as part of the effort to convert Dachau into a death camp, but was never used). Broszat commented that, though there were many concentration camps in Germany, all of the German death camps for the genocide of the European Jews were located in Nazi-occupied Poland. Broszat argued that this confusion in the public's mind between concentration and death camps, and the tendency to erroneously describe Dachau as a death camp, was aiding the early Holocaust deniers like Rassinier, Hoggan, and <mask>, who made much of the fact that there was no functioning gas chamber at Dachau.In the same way, <mask> denied that the Einsatzgruppen murdered millions of Jews in the occupied Soviet Union, and instead claimed that the Einsatzgruppen were "battling guerilla warfare behind the lines". <mask> often attacked West Germany for apologizing to the Jews for the Holocaust. He wrote that the West German government should challenge the "unfair" verdict and "false dogmas" of World War II, which he claimed prevented "the restoration of

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texts: Germany to its proper position of unity, power and respect among the nations of the world". <mask> drew unfavorable contrasts between the Weimar Republic, which had in the 1920s vigorously fought the so-called Kriegsschuldlüge ("war guilt lie") that Germany started World War I, with the "masochistic" behavior of the government of Konrad Adenauer in the 1950s. <mask> accused Adenauer of having "brainwashed" and "indoctrinated" the German people into believing an "indictment of German responsibility for the war". <mask> accused Adenauer of "opposing the discovery and publication of the truth". <mask> professed to be "deeply puzzled" that the West German government was willing to accept responsibility for the Holocaust and its "downright disinclination to seek to refute the most outrageous charges of cruelty and barbarism leveled against Germany by conscienceless atrocity mongers and the continuation to this very day of not-so-little Nuremberg trials."In 1962, <mask> attacked the West German president Heinrich Lübke for his speech in Israel asking for forgiveness for the German people for the Holocaust. <mask> called the speech "almost incredible grovelling" and "subserviency" to the Jews. <mask> often said that Jews contended that they had been the victims of antisemitism throughout the ages, which he thought was false. <mask> claimed that those who questioned this view were unjustly labeled antisemitic. According to <mask>, those behind the "smotherout" about Nazi Germany believed that "it was far worse to exterminate Jews, even at the ratio of two Gentiles to one Jew, than to liquidate Gentiles." Lipstadt's 1993 book Denying the Holocaust devotes chapter 4,


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 "The First Stirrings of Denial in America", to <mask> as the main link between revisionism in the 1920s (re-evaluation of German responsibility for World War I) and the emergence in the 1950s of Holocaust denial (arguing that the Jewish Holocaust either did not happen or was exaggerated by wartime Allied propaganda and postwar Jewish politics). She notes that the German government of the 1920s enthusiastically supported and promoted <mask>' views as exonerating their country, but the postwar West German government accepted national responsibility for the Holocaust, solicited forgiveness, and paid reparations to Jewish survivors.This difference meant that <mask> in his later years had allied himself with American and European antisemites and cranks, rather than with respectable or official opinion. Historian Lucy Dawidowicz concurs. Works
Books
A History of the Penal, Reformatory and Correctional Institutions of the State of New Jersey, MacCrellish & Quigley Company, 1918. 654 pages. The League of Nations: The Principle and the Practice, Edited by Stephen Pierce Duggan. Boston: The Atlantic Monthly Press, 1919. History, Its Rise and Development: A Survey of the Progress of Historical Writing From its Origins to the Present Day, Encyclopedia Americana, 1919.Originally published in the 1919 edition of Encyclopedia Americana: The Social History of the Western World. The Social History of the Western World, an Outline Syllabus, New York: D. Appleton, 1921. Sociology and Political Theory: A Consideration of the Sociological Basis of Politics, New York: A. A. Knopf, 1924. 260 pages. The History and Prospects of the Social Sciences, New York: A. A. Knopf, 1925.534


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 Contemporary Society, New York: Prentice-Hall, 1950. Co-written with Oreen M. Ruedi.The Struggle Against the Historical Blackout, 1949, 9th edition, 1952. Author of booklets in his field. An Introduction to the History of Sociology, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1917. Society in Transition, New York: Greenwood Press, 1968
Blasting the Historical Blackout in Britain: Professor A. J. P. Taylor's "The Origins of the Second World War": Its Nature, Reliability, Shortcomings and Implications, 1963. The Future of Imprisonment in a Free Society, St. Leonard's House, 1965. With Nathan F. Leopold, Jr. and others. Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace: A Critical Examination of the Foreign Policy of Franklin Delano Roosevelt and its Aftermath, New York: Greenwood Press, 1969.Pearl Harbor after a Quarter of a Century, New York: Arno Press, 1972. . Selected Revisionist Pamphlets. New York: Arno Press, 1972. . The Chickens of the Interventionist Liberals Have Come Home to Roost: The Bitter Fruits of Globaloney. New York: Revisionist Press, 1973. Barnes Against the Blackout: Essays Against Interventionism. Institute for Historical Review, 1991.Anthology of <mask>' previous self-published essays on World War II. Who Started World War One? Preface by W.A. Carto. Washington, D.C.: The Barnes Review, 2009. Articles
 "Some Recent Books on International Affairs." Foreign Affairs, vol.1, no. 1 (September 15, 1922) pp. 168–174. "The Place of Albion Woodbury Small in Modern Sociology." American Journal of Sociology, vol. 32, no. 1 (1926) pp.15–44. "The Public Significance of the War-Guilt Question." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 175: The


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 Shadow of War (September) pp. 11–18. "Pearl Harbor After a Quarter of a Century." Left and Right: A Journal of Libertarian Thought (August 8, 2014)

See also
 Barnes Review
 James J. Martin

References
Notes

Bibliography
 Atkins, Setphen E. (2009).Holocaust Denial as an International Movement, ABC-CLIO. Dawidowicz, Lucy (December 1980) "Lies About the Holocaust" in Commentary, Volume 70, Issue #6, pp. 31–37; reprinted in Kozodoy, Neal (ed.) (1992) What Is The Use of Jewish History? : Essays, New York: Schocken Books, pp. 84–100. Herwig, Holger.(Fall 1987) "Clio Deceived: Patriotic Self-Censorship in Germany after the Great War," International Security, v.12, n.2, pp. 5–44. Lipstadt, Deborah (1993) Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, Free Press: New York. .
 Mombauer, Annika (2002) The Origins of the First World War, London: Pearson. Further reading
 Rothbard, Murray N. “<mask> <mask>, RIP”. (Obituary) Left and Right, vol. 4, no. 1, 1968.Rothbard, Murray N. “<mask> <mask> as Revisionist of the Cold War". Originally published in <mask> <mask>: Learned Crusader. Doenecke, Justus D. "<mask> <mask>: Prophet of a 'Usable' Past". The History Teacher, vol. 8, no. 2, February 1975. (pp.265–276)  Also available from JSTOR. Goddard, Arthur. <mask> <mask>, Learned Crusader: The New History in Action. Colorado Springs: R. Myles, 1968. 884 pages. Turnbaugh, Roy. “The FBI and <mask> <mask>: 1936–1944”.The Historian, vol. 42, no. 3, May 1980. (pp. 385-398)

External links
 <mask> <mask> at WorldCat
 Books by <mask> <mask> at The Online Books Page
 "A Brief History of Holocaust Denial" by Ben Austin. Jewish Virtual Library. <mask> <mask> Papers,

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texts:
 1887-1977 at the University of Wyoming - American Heritage Center
<mask> <mask>: The Father of World War II Revisionism - AHC blog

1889 births
1968 deaths
20th-century American historians
American male non-fiction writers
Activists from New York (state)
American Holocaust deniers
Columbia University faculty
Historical negationism
The New School faculty
Non-interventionism
People from Auburn, New York
20th-century American male writers
Historians from New York

masks:
Harry Elmer
Barnes