title: Fairuz

texts:
 after meningitis); Layal (born 1960, died in 1988 of a stroke), also a composer; and Rima (born 1965), a photographer and film director. Fairouz was born to a Syriac Orthodox family. She is of the Eastern Orthodox Christian faith, having converted when she married Assi Rahbani. Very little is known about <mask>'s personal life and affairs, as she is described as having a hermetic nature and separates Nouhad from <mask>. Controversies

2008 Damascus concert
The 2008 concert in Damascus angered some of her fans and several Lebanese politicians who described Syria as "enemy territory in the grip of a brutal secret police force". Walid Jumblatt, leader of the Druze Progressive Socialist Party, accused <mask> of "playing into the hands of Syrian intelligence services", while fellow party member Akram Chehayeb said that "those who love Lebanon do not sing for its jailers," in reference to the three-decades-long Syrian occupation of Lebanon. Even some Syrian opposition activists called on her to boycott the event as just three years prior Syria had been accused of carrying out a series of assassinations on the Lebanese.This came amid a political crisis in Lebanon between pro-and anti-Syria factions. As well as a renewed Syrian government crackdown on dissent that same day during which several people were arrested, including opposition figure Riad Seif and twelve other activists of the anti-government Damascus Declaration. A poll conducted a week before the concert by NOW Lebanon, a Lebanese web portal sympathetic to the anti-Syria March 14 Alliance, showed that 67% of the respondents were opposed to <mask>'s


title: Fairuz

type: original

texts:
 appearance in Damascus, with one of the website's editorials saying that "this was not the moment for a musical love-in". Supporters of <mask> counterclaimed that she has always been above politics. <mask> refrained from commenting on the controversy. However, in a letter to the event's organizers, she said that the concert should be viewed from a cultural perspective, and wrote: "Damascus is not a cultural capital for this year only, but will remain a role model of art, culture and authenticity for the coming generations".She also told the head of the organizers that she felt it was a return to her second home. Syrian commentator Ayman Abdelnour said that <mask> was performing to the Syrian people, not their rulers.Her brother-in-law and former partner Mansour Rahbani also defended her decision to perform there, saying it was "a message of love and peace from Lebanon to Syria". In 1969, <mask>'s songs were banned from the radio stations in Lebanon for six months because she refused to sing at a private concert in honour of Algerian President Houari Boumedienne. The incident only served to increase her popularity. <mask> made it clear then and since that while always willing to sing to the public and to various countries and regions, she would never sing to any individual. Lawsuits
Since many of the Rahbanis' works were co-written by Assi's brother Mansour, in June 2010, a year after Mansour's death in January 2009, a Lebanese court banned <mask> from singing material that involved his contributions. The issue began when Mansour's children filed a lawsuit against <mask> when she was set to perform the

masks: Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz


title: Fairuz

texts:
 song "Ya'ish Ya'ish" at the Casino du Liban. As a result, Fairuz could not perform such works without Mansour's children's permission.The court's decision led to protests around the world in response to what her fans perceived as an act of "silencing". Hundreds gathered in front of the National Museum of Beirut, led by a number of Arab artists, including Egyptian actress Ilham Chahine who flew to Lebanon in order to join the sit-in. "She is a great artistic personality who has entertained millions for decades. We cannot keep silent over this humiliating attitude to her and to art and artists in general. Fairouz to me is above all laws. She is like the mother whom, even when she errs, we are eager to forgive," Chahine added. Ian Black wrote on The Guardian: "Outrage over her silencing has been a reminder of the extraordinary loyalty she still inspires across the region".Other reactions included a protest concert in Egypt, and a "Shame!" headline displayed by Emirati newspaper Al-Ittihad. Alleged political affiliations
<mask>'s son, Ziad Rahbani, sparked controversy in December 2013 during an interview with the Al-Ahed website when asked whether his mother shared his supportive stance on the political vision of Hassan Nasrallah, the leader of Hezbollah, a dominant but highly controversial political and military force in Lebanon. Ziad replied: "<mask> is very fond of Sayyed Hassan [Nasrallah], although she will be displeased with me, as she was after my last television interview when I revealed some personal information and she quickly interrupted me". There were strong reactions to this statement, which

masks: Fairuz Fairuz


title: Fairuz

texts:
 went viral on social media, and the country's different media outlets did not deviate from their political stances when reacting to Ziad's words. Politicians and celebrities stepped in as well, some of whom objected to affiliating <mask> to one side of Lebanon's political divide over another, including Druze leader Walid Jumblatt who said: "<mask> is too great to be criticized, and at the same time too great to be classified as belonging to this or that political camp". "Let us keep her in her supreme position, and not push her to something she has nothing to do with," Jumblatt added.Ziad, who claims to speak on his mother's behalf "because she prefers to remain silent", responded to his critics by saying: "Apparently it isn’t allowed in the age of strife for the princess of classy Arab art to voice love for the master of resistance". Nasrallah, commenting on the issue during a speech, stated: "An educated highly respected thinker and artist, who may be espoused different ideologies, might disagree with you on political matters, but personally have [a] fondness for you, because of your character, conduct, sacrifices and so on. If such a person were to say that he or she liked someone, then all hell would break loose". Legacy and honors
<mask> is the Arab world's most famous and most listened-to singer. For decades, almost all radio stations in the Arab world have been starting their morning broadcast with a Fairuz song, and her songs were continuously listened to during the war, as the people could expect to hear a patriotic melody of peace and love. The Guardian stated that "she sang the story of a

masks: Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz


title: Fairuz

texts: Lebanon that never really existed" and "essentially helped build the identity of Lebanon, just 14 years after it became an independent country". <mask> has always been held a high regard because, to a region divided by many conflicts and opinions, she is a symbol of unity; she was even awarded Legion of Honour at the rank of Commandeur on August 31, 2020 by French president Emmanuel Macron, while he was visiting Beirut after the 2020 explosion.This award is France's highest honor, awarded for merit to those with substantial military or civil achievements. This encounter was also symbolic as it spoke volumes that Macron chose to engage with her rather than faction politicians. In 1997, Billboard stated "even after five decades at the top, [<mask>] remains the supreme Diva of Lebanon". In 1999, The New York Times described her as "a living icon without equal" and stated that her emergence as a singer paralleled Lebanon's transformation from a backwater to the vibrant financial and cultural heart of the Arab world. In a 2008 article, BBC described her as "the legendary Lebanese singer and greatest living Arab diva". In an article about world music, The Independent stated, "All young female singers in this region seem to be clones of her" and that "she's such an important artist that you have to get to grips with her". <mask> was honored in many countries such as Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Tunisia, the United States, Egypt and France, in which François Mitterrand awarded her the Order of Arts and Letters in 1988 and Jacques Chirac first awarded her the Legion of Honour in 1998


title: Fairuz

texts:
 (Chevalier).Discography

Fairuz possesses a large repertoire of songs, sources disagree on the exact number, but it is between fifteen hundred and three thousand. Around 85 Fairuz CDs, types of vinyl and cassettes have been officially released so far. Most of the songs that are featured on these albums were composed by the Rahbani brothers. Also featured are songs by Philemon Wehbe, Ziad Rahbani, Zaki Nassif, Mohamed Abd El Wahab, Najib Hankash and Mohamed Mohsen. Many of Fairuz's numerous unreleased works date back to the 1950s and 1960s and were composed by the Rahbani Brothers (certain unreleased songs, the oldest of all, are by Halim el Roumi). A Fairuz album composed by Egyptian musician Riad Al Sunbati (who has worked with Umm Kulthum) was produced in 1980 but is unlikely to be released. There are also fifteen unreleased songs composed by Philemon Wehbe and 24 unreleased songs composed by Ziad Rahbani in the 1980s.<mask> has also released a live album on Folkways Records in 1994, entitled Lebanon: The Baalbek Folk Festival. Performances and Persona
<mask> has performed in many countries around the globe including Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, France, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Netherlands, Greece, Canada, United States, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Italy, and her home country Lebanon. During her performances, <mask> is known to take on a very rigid and cold stance, due to her stage fright. She claims that the hierarchic nature of her performances is because she is singing as if she were praying. She is also


title: Fairuz

texts:
 described as being incredibly reserved and modest in the way a mother would be, and embodies the Lebanese woman at home. Theatrical works
Musical plays or operettas were the cornerstone works of the Rahbani Trio, <mask>, Assi and Mansour. The Rahbani Brothers produced 25 popular musical plays (20 with Fairuz) over more than 30 years.They were possibly the first to produce world-class Arabic musical theatre. The musicals combined storyline, lyrics and dialogue, musical composition varying widely from Lebanese folkloric and rhythmic modes to classical, westernized, and oriental songs, orchestration, and the voice and acting of <mask>. She played the lead roles alongside singers/actors Nasri Shamseddine, Wadih El Safi, Antoine Kerbaje, Elie Shouayri (Chouayri), Hoda (<mask>'s younger sister), William Haswani, Raja Badr, Siham Chammas (Shammas), Georgette Sayegh and many others. The Rahbani plays expressed patriotism, unrequited love and nostalgia for village life, comedy, drama, philosophy, and contemporary politics. The songs performed by <mask> as part of the plays have become immensely popular among the Lebanese and Arabs around the world. The <mask>-Rahbani collaboration produced the following musicals (in chronological order):
 Ayyam al Hassad (Days of Harvest – 1957)
 Al 'Urs fi l’Qarya (The Wedding in the Village – 1959)
 Al Ba'albakiya (The Girl from Baalbek) – 1961)
 Jisr el Amar] (Bridge of the Moon – 1962)
 Awdet el 'Askar (The Return of the Soldiers – 1962)
 Al Layl wal Qandil (The Night and the Lantern – 1963)
 Biyya'el Khawatem (Ring Salesman – 1964)
 Ayyam Fakhreddine (The Days of

masks: Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz Fairuz


title: Golden Tate

texts:
<mask>tnikoff Award for Outstanding Receiver at any position in 2009. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the second round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He later played for the  Detroit Lions, with whom he made a Pro Bowl appearance. He also played a season for the Philadelphia Eagles and two seasons for the New York Giants. Early years
Born in Hendersonville, Tennessee, <mask> attended Pope John Paul II High School, where he played as a three-sport athlete, competing in football, baseball, and track & field. In his high school senior year of 2006, he rushed 140 times for 1,413 yards and 23 touchdowns to go along with 28 receptions for 510 yards and six receiving touchdowns.He also had three interceptions on defense, returned a kickoff for a touchdown and was the team punter. He was named as a Tennessee Division II first-team all-state pick in 2006 as an athlete by the Tennessee Sports Writers Association and also by the Tennessee Football Coaches Association. His jersey was later retired by Pope John Paul II High School. After he injured his thumb in his senior season and could not play baseball, <mask> switched to track and field and posted the state's top qualifying times in the 100-meter dash (10.93 s) and 200-meter dash (22.33 s). He was also a member of the John Paul 4 × 100 m relay squad that captured the state title with a time of 42.86 seconds. Baseball career
<mask> was drafted out of high school by the Arizona Diamondbacks in the 42nd round of the 2007 amateur draft. <mask> did not sign with the Diamondbacks and instead played baseball for the University of Notre Dame.In 2008, <mask>'s freshman year at Notre Dame, he played in 18 games and batted .262 with three doubles and three stolen bases. <mask> hit his first home run against Louisville in Louisville, Kentucky in his sophomore year. He finished his sophomore season with a .329 batting average after playing in 55 games. <mask> also scored 45 runs his sophomore year which is the third highest by any Notre Dame baseball player. On June 9, 2010, <mask> was drafted by

masks:
Golden Herman Tate IIIile
Golden Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate


title: Golden Tate

texts:
 the San Francisco Giants in the 50th round (1,518th overall) of the 2010 MLB Draft, but did not sign. He has not competed in baseball since 2009, his sophomore season with Notre Dame. College football career
<mask> played football for Notre Dame from 2007 to 2009.In the 2007 season as a freshman, <mask> started two games, versus the UCLA Bruins and USC Trojans. He totaled six catches for 131 yards and one touchdown and averaged 21.7 yards on 15 kickoff returns for the season. In the 2008 season as a sophomore, <mask> started in 12 regular season games with 52 catches for 903 yards and seven touchdowns for a 17.4 yard per catch average. <mask> registered 100-yard games against Michigan, Syracuse, North Carolina, and Pittsburgh during the 2008 regular season, while being tapped First Team All-Independent by Rivals.com. Against the Hawaii Warriors in the Hawaii Bowl, he made six catches for 177 yards and three touchdowns in the 49–21 victory for the Fighting Irish, bringing his season total to 58 catches for 1,080 yards (18.6 yard average) with 10 touchdowns. <mask> was named the MVP of the Hawaii Bowl. In 2009, <mask> had nine games with at least 100 receiving yards.On October 3, against Washington, he had nine receptions for 244 yards. On November 28, against Stanford in his final collegiate game, he had 10 receptions for 201 yards and three touchdowns. Following the 2009 season, <mask> won the Biletnikoff Award. He was also recognized as a unanimous first-team All-American. Overall, he finished the season with 93 receptions for 1,496 receiving yards and 15 touchdowns. On December 7, 2009, <mask> announced that he would forgo his senior year and declared his eligibility for the 2010 NFL Draft. Statistics

Professional football career

Seattle Seahawks

On April 23, 2010, <mask> was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the second round (60th overall) of the 2010 NFL Draft.On July 28, 2010, <mask> signed a four-year deal with the Seahawks worth $3.261 million. He made his NFL debut on September 19 and had a 52-yard reception against

masks: Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate


title: Golden Tate

texts:
 the Denver Broncos. During his rookie season, he caught 21 passes for 227 receiving yards and returned 16 punts and a kickoff for 212 total combined return yards. The following year, he recorded 35 catches for 382 receiving yards and three touchdowns. At the beginning of the 2012 NFL Season, <mask> gained notoriety for being involved in a controversial ending during a game against the Green Bay Packers on September 24, 2012 which became infamous due to the confused ruling by replacement referees. At the end of the game, <mask> simultaneously caught a pass in the endzone with Packers' safety M. D. Jennings; however the officials made opposite rulings on the field. The official call was later ruled a touchdown, as according to NFL rules, simultaneous possession goes to the team on offense.The Seahawks won the game 14-12 in what is considered one of the most debated endings in NFL history. <mask> had a breakout year in 2013, improving significantly in all receiving statistics, with 72 receptions for 959 yards, and had an expanded role in returning punts. He was simultaneously an exciting player and a controversial one, as he was once named NFC Special Teams Player of the Week after playing against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Week 9, only a week after being fined $7,785 by the NFL for excessive taunting. As one of quarterback Russell Wilson's favorite targets, <mask> went on to win a Super Bowl with the Seattle Seahawks in their 43-8 victory over Peyton Manning's Denver Broncos. Detroit Lions

Following the 2013 season, <mask> signed a five-year, $31 million contract with the Detroit Lions, which included $13.25 million guaranteed. Alongside All-Pro receiver Calvin Johnson, he quickly became a key receiving target for quarterback Matthew Stafford. In his first season with the Lions, he had a then career-high 99 receptions, which was sixth highest in the NFL, and had 1,331 receiving yards, seventh highest in the NFL.He was selected to the 2015 Pro Bowl, which marked his first career Pro Bowl appearance, and was later ranked 85th by

masks: Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate


title: Golden Tate

texts:
 his fellow league players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2015 list. Although <mask> did not make the Pro Bowl again with the Lions, his subsequent seasons with them were statistically successful. In 2015 he recorded 90 receptions for 813 yards and six touchdowns. His 2016 season saw him eclipse the 1,000-yard receiving mark for the second time in his career and the 90-catch mark for the third time in his career, and his 676 yards-after-catch statistic ranked highest among NFL wide receivers that season. He finished the 2017 season with 92 receptions for 1,003 yards and five touchdowns, making back-to-back seasons where he had more than 1,000 receiving yards. Philadelphia Eagles
<mask> was a mid-season trade in 2018 from the Detroit Lions to the Philadelphia Eagles in exchange for a third-round selection in the 2019 NFL Draft. Overall, he had 74 receptions for 795 yards and four touchdowns.In the Playoff Wild Card Round against the Chicago Bears on January 6, 2019, he made the game-winning touchdown catch on fourth down on a pass thrown by quarterback Nick Foles. The catch helped the Eagles advance to the Divisional Round against the New Orleans Saints, where <mask> had two catches for 18 yards in a  20-14 loss. New York Giants

After the 2018 season ended, <mask> signed a four-year, $37.5 million contract with the New York Giants that included $23 million guaranteed. He was later suspended for the first four games of the upcoming 2019 season for violating the NFL's policy on performance-enhancing substances. <mask> subsequently appealed the suspension on the grounds that the substance was prescribed fertility medication. The appeal was denied by the NFL and <mask> was eventually reinstated on September 30. He finished the 2019 season with 49 receptions for 676 receiving yards and six receiving touchdowns.On October 4, 2020, following a 17-9 Week 4 loss against the Los Angeles Rams, a fight broke out between <mask> and his sister’s ex-boyfriend Jalen Ramsey due in part to Ramsey’s comments against <mask>’s sister Breanna. Ramsey

masks: Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate Tate


title: Golden Tate

texts:
 has two children with <mask>'s sister. <mask> was not fined for his role in the postgame fight. In Week 8 against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on Monday Night Football, <mask> threw one pass for 18 yards and recorded two catches for 31 yards and a touchdown during the 25–23 loss. After <mask> caught the aforementioned touchdown, he yelled "Throw me the ball!" at a camera. After the game, <mask>'s wife made posts on social media complaining about his lack of involvement in the Giants' offense.<mask> also liked a tweet suggesting that the Giants should cut him. <mask> was benched by the Giants for their Week 9 game against the Washington Football Team as a result of his actions. On March 4, 2021, <mask> was released by the Giants. Tennessee Titans
<mask> signed with the Tennessee Titans' practice squad on November 23, 2021. He was released on January 4, 2022. NFL career statistics

Regular season

Playoffs

Personal life
He is the son of <mask> Jr., a former wide receiver at Tennessee State who was the 120th overall pick in the fifth round of the 1984 NFL Draft by the Indianapolis Colts. His younger brother, <mask>, was a running back for Vanderbilt University.His younger twin sisters Breanna and Deanna <mask> are both sprinters at The University of Mississippi. <mask> has two nieces through his sister Breanna and NFL cornerback Jalen Ramsey. In March 2017, <mask> married Elise Pollard. They have two children. References

External links

 <mask>'s Golden Future Foundation
 Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball bio
 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football bio
 Philadelphia Eagles bio
 Seattle Seahawks bio
 Detroit Lions bio

1988 births
Living people
All-American college football players
American football wide receivers
Baseball players from Tennessee
Detroit Lions players
New York Giants players
Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball players
Notre Dame Fighting Irish football players
People from Hendersonville, Tennessee
Players of American football from Tennessee
Seattle Seahawks players
Tennessee Titans players
Unconferenced Pro Bowl

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Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
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Golden Tate
Wesley Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Golden Tate


title: Bart King

texts:
<mask> "<mask>" <mask> (October 19, 1873 – October 17, 1965) was an American cricketer, active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. <mask> was part of the Philadelphia team that played from the end of the 19th century until the outbreak of World War I. This period of cricket in the United States was dominated by "gentlemen cricketers"—men of independent wealth who did not need to work. <mask>, an amateur from a middle-class family, was able to devote time to cricket thanks to a job set up by his teammates. A skilled batsman who proved his worth as a bowler, <mask> set numerous records in the continent of North America during his career and led the first-class bowling averages in England in 1908. He successfully competed against the best cricketers from England and Australia. <mask> was the dominant bowler on his team when it toured England in 1897, 1903, and 1908.He dismissed batsmen with his unique delivery, which he called the "angler", and helped develop the art of swing bowling in the sport. Sir Pelham Warner described <mask> as "one of the finest bowlers of all time", and Donald Bradman called him "America's greatest cricketing son." Early and personal life
<mask> was born in Philadelphia on October 19, 1873. Early in his life, he worked in a linen trade. Although this was the family business, his father later allowed him to leave to enter the insurance industry. <mask> was not a member of the aristocratic and wealthy families of Philadelphia that produced many of the era's top cricketers. <mask>'s obituary in Cricket Quarterly suggests that his career in insurance was set up for him by those families to allow him to continue playing the game.In 1913 (or 1911), <mask> married Fannie Lockhart; the marriage lasted for fifty years. <mask>'s wife died in 1963, and he died in 1965 in his native Philadelphia two days before his 92nd birthday. <mask> was regarded by many of his contemporaries as an affable person. Ralph Barker called him the

masks:
John Barton
Bart
King
King
King
King
King
Bart King
King
King
King
King
King
Bart King


title: Bart King

texts:
 Bob Hope of cricket thanks to his quips and stories. <mask> was also noted for making jabs at opponents, but leaving them laughing at themselves. The same held true when he would question umpires that turned down his appeals. He is said to have spoken for ninety minutes at a dinner during his last tour to England, punctuated every few seconds with laughs.The dinner guests were kept laughing even while <mask> spoke with a dead-pan expression. One man who attended the dinner noted that King "told his impossible tales with such an air of conviction ... that his audiences were always in doubt when to take him seriously. He made their task doubly difficult by sprinkling in a fair mixture of truth with his fiction." Cricketing career

Like most young American men of this era, <mask> came to cricket only after first playing baseball. He began to play club cricket at Tioga Cricket Club in 1888, aged 15, starting out as a batsman. Tioga was one of the lesser Philadelphian cricket clubs. <mask> played his first recorded match for the club in 1889, when he was tried as a bowler due to his physique.He took 37 wickets for 99 runs for the club in the 1889 cricket season. <mask> played for Tioga until 1896, when he joined Belmont Cricket Club. <mask> joined the Philadelphian cricket team for three tours of England while playing at Belmont. <mask>'s most dominating matches came during these tours, playing with the premier American team of the era. Australia in Philadelphia
In 1893, the Australian team stopped by Philadelphia on its way home from a tour of England. Australia fielded a strong side, but the team was tired after a long tour and trip. In spite of this fatigue, the Australians chose to face the full strength of the Gentlemen of Philadelphia in a three-day match starting September 29.On a small ground at Belmont, the September grass was coarse. It had been rolled so that the ball moved very quickly across the ground. The Australian side, fielding

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King
King
Bart King
King
King
King
King


title: Bart King

texts:
 first, dropped many catches and could not cope with the short boundary, allowing the Philadelphians to reach a huge total of 525 runs. <mask> came in to bat last, at number 11, making 36 runs. The leading Australian bowlers, Hugh Trumble and George Giffen, took 2 for 104 and 0 for 114 respectively. When the Australians came to bat, they hoped that they would, by now, have recovered from their tiring journey, but ran into problems when dealing with <mask>'s developing swing bowling. The side was all out for 199, with <mask> taking 5 wickets for 78 runs.The Australians followed on and were all out again for 268, allowing the Gentlemen of Philadelphia to win by an innings and 68 runs. The cricket world was stunned that a single American city could turn out a side capable of beating the full strength of Australia. The Australians won the return match on October 6 by six wickets, but the Australian captain, Jack Blackham, said to the Americans, "You have better players here than we have been led to believe. They class with England's best." Tour of England in 1897

<mask> won the Child's Bowling Cup, the premier award for bowling in American cricket, for the first time in 1896, and joined the Philadelphian cricket team's tour of England in 1897. The tour was very ambitious, and was arranged mainly for educational purposes: few of those on the American side expected to win many matches. Previous tours had tended to involve amateur English sides with a low level of competition.In 1897, the tour started on June 7 at Oxford, ending in late July at The Oval almost 2 months later. The schedule included fifteen matches against all of the top county cricket teams, the Oxford and Cambridge University teams, the Marylebone Cricket Club, and two other sides, though only a few of the counties thought it worthwhile to put their best elevens onto the field. While the tour initially aroused some curiosity, many English fans lost interest until <mask> and the

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King
Bart King
King
King
Bart King


title: Bart King

texts:
 Philadelphians met the full Sussex team at Brighton on June 17. <mask> demonstrated his batting ability in the first innings with a fourth-wicket stand of 107 with John Lester. He then took 7 wickets for 13 runs, and Philadelphia dismissed Sussex for 46 in less than an hour. <mask> took 6 for 102 in Sussex's second innings, helping the Philadelphians to victory by 8 wickets. Despite the excitement surrounding <mask>'s performance, the Americans did not fare well overall, and the results may have been worse than hoped for by the tour's promoters.Philadelphia won only two of their fifteen matches, losing nine and earning a draw in the remaining four. After their win against Sussex, the only other win of the tour came against Warwickshire. During this match, <mask> took 5 for 95 and 7 for 72 and scored 46 runs. According to Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, <mask> proved himself to be the best bowler on the American side and had to do much of the work. He bowled three hundred overs, more than anyone else in the team, taking 72 wickets with a bowling average of a little over 24 runs. In addition to his bowling, <mask> scored 441 runs as a batsman at a batting average of just over 20. Following the 1897 tour, many English counties were interested in securing <mask>'s services.It was thought that he would not play as a professional, so alternative means of remuneration had to be found: one county reportedly offered to arrange a marriage with a widow who had an income of £7000 per year. In the end, <mask> returned to the United States, where he continued to perform very well in club cricket. Tour of England in 1903

The Philadelphian team returned to England in 1903. This proved to be <mask>'s most successful tour, particularly his performances in the matches against Lancashire and Surrey. <mask> played in 13 of the 15 matches on the tour, missing two with a strained side. In his first match, against Cambridge University, he took 5 for 136 and 4 for 28. He

masks: King King King King King King King King King King


title: Bart King

texts:
 followed that with 8 for 39 in the first innings against Oxford University, though the match was eventually abandoned as a draw due to rain.In his next match, against Gloucestershire, he took 2 for 26 in the first innings but did not bowl in the second. He also took 7 for 51 and 2 for 28 against a strong MCC side at Lord's. Then came the Lancashire match at Old Trafford Cricket Ground. In Lancashire's first innings, <mask> bowled 27 overs and took 5 wickets for 46 runs. The Philadelphians passed Lancashire's first innings score, but their lead was quickly overtaken in Lancashire's second innings. With the wind strong over <mask>'s left shoulder, the scene was set for him to dominate the opposition. In his first over after the lunch break on day two of the match, he yorked one of Lancashire's opening batsmen and his replacement with successive balls.He clean bowled two more batsmen in his second over, and bowled a stump out of the ground in the third. In 3 overs, he had taken 5 wickets for 7 runs. After this performance, <mask> had to be rested in the field. One batsman was run out before <mask> returned to take 4 more wickets, ending the innings with 9 for 62. The Philadelphians won next morning by nine wickets. Against Surrey on August 6, <mask> was overpowering again. It was in this match that <mask> gave what Barker called his finest first-class performance ever.Batting first, he scored 98 runs in the Philadelphian's first innings before being run out, and he then took 3 for 89 in Surrey's reply. In the second innings, he made 113 not out and then took 3 for 98. Surrey lost the match by 110 runs. Apparently, <mask> was so exhausted after his performance that he fell asleep during a speech by the Lord Chief Justice Lord Alverstone at a banquet after the match. Tour of England in 1908

King toured England with the Philadelphians a third time in 1908. This tour included both first-class matches and more minor ones. The first match that was played

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title: Bart King

texts:
 was against South Wales in Cardiff.The Philadelphians won by 36 behind the bowling of <mask> and Ranji Hordern. The pair took all 20 wickets of the Welsh side. After this, the first-class matches began with Worcestershire on July 9. Again the Philadelphians won and again Hordern and <mask> took most of the wickets. This trend continued throughout the tour. In the first-class matches that <mask> played, the Philadelphians recorded four wins and six losses. Although he was already 35 years old, <mask> had posted extraordinary numbers in his bowling.He topped the bowling averages for the entire 1908 English cricket season at 11.01. This mark was not bettered until 1958, when Les Jackson of Derbyshire posted an average of 10.99. Later career
<mask>'s cricketing career did not end with his last first-class match. He continued to play club matches in Philadelphia and participated in non-first-class fixtures around the continent. <mask> is noted for holding the bowling record against Canada. On a rainy afternoon at Philadelphia in 1906, <mask> bowled into a slight breeze to capture 8 wickets for 17 runs. This record came in a four-year period during which <mask> focused on club cricket in Philadelphia, when he won the city's batting award three times and the bowling award four times.<mask> played in his last two international matches in 1912, against Australia. His performances were of the highest quality, given that he was nearing his fortieth year. In the first match, he took 9 wickets for 78 runs to help Philadelphia win by 2 runs; in the second, Australia won by 45 runs despite him taking 8 for 74. <mask> joined the Philadelphia Cricket Club after the 1912 season. Despite being well past his 40th year, he continued to play competitive cricket for another 4 years. His 27-year career ended with his last game for the Philadelphia Cricket Club against Frankford, on July 20, 1916. On this occasion, his bowling and batting skills had declined, but he


title: Bart King

texts:
 maintained a batting average of 43.33 for that final season.Death
<mask> died at a nursing home in his native Philadelphia in 1965, two days short of his 92nd birthday. The Times newspaper in the UK ran an obituary for him, which quoted Plum Warner as saying that: "Had he been an Englishman or an Australian, he would have been even more famous than he was." Achievements and legacy

Though <mask> focused on bowling throughout his career, he was also a very fine batsman. In 1905, he established a North American record batting record by scoring 315 at the Germantown Cricket Club. The following year, he scored 344 not out for Belmont against the Merion Cricket Club, setting a North American batting record which still stands. He scored 39 centuries in his North American career, and he topped 1,000 runs in six seasons. He took over 100 wickets in eight seasons, including a double of 1,000 runs and 100 wickets in four seasons.In his whole career, he scored 19,808 runs at an average of 36.47, and took 2,088 wickets at an average of 10.47. He took all 10 wickets in an innings on three occasions, and took 9 wickets in an innings five times. One of these occasions, in the Gentlemen of Ireland's first innings in 1909, was followed by a hat-trick in the second innings. There is an apocryphal story of <mask> emulating a famous baseball pitcher of the day, Rube Waddell, by sending all his fielders back into the pavilion and finishing off the opponent's innings on his own. <mask> and Belmont were playing Trenton in the Halifax Cup at Elmwood Cricket Ground. Some versions of the story have him banishing the fielders and then calling one of them to a position  back and  to the leg side. This fielder was stationed there to pick up the bails which landed at his feet after <mask> bowled his trademark "angler".This story was disputed some years later by the captain of Trenton, who claimed that when he "went in to bat that afternoon, <mask> had four balls left in his

masks: King King King King King King


title: Bart King

texts:
 over." He claimed to have "hit the first delivery to cover point but of course there was no one there. The ball stopped within three feet of the boundary, and <mask> had to chase it. By the time he got back we had run six." The captain claimed to be the only batsmen to have hit four consecutive sixes off <mask>, but commended the bowler on his ability to spin a tale. Thanks to his dominant performance over his career and his renown in the world of cricket, <mask> was elected an honorary member of the Incogniti Cricket Club in 1908 and an honorary life member of the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1962. When Plum Warner was asked to name the greatest bowler who ever lived, he said that <mask> <mask>, "at the top of his power and speed, was at least the equal of the greatest of them all."<mask> is credited as one of the first bowlers to utilise swing bowling deliberately. Other bowlers in his time could sometimes get the ball to swing, but <mask> was one of the first to do so at will with an old or new ball. He made use of a lethal delivery which he called the "angler", a product of his experience as a baseball pitcher, to confuse the English batsmen. He would come in with the ball clasped above his head in both hands as would a baseball pitcher. He was famous for his late swing—in and out—and would produce the in-swinger with his right hand coming down from a point over his left shoulder. He described it as an in-swinger which, if properly bowled, would change direction sharply in the last 10 or  of flight. <mask> used this ball only sparingly and only against good batsmen.After a tour to Philadelphia by an Australian side in 1896, George Giffen said "the Philadelphians really have some high-class players, but it was the fact of their bowlers playing us with baseball curves that upset our batsmen." Notes

External links

1873 births
1965 deaths
Cricketers from Philadelphia
Philadelphian cricketers
Cricketers who have taken ten wickets in an

masks:
King
King
King
John Barton
King
King
King
King


title: Johan Rudolph Thorbecke

texts:
<mask> (14 January 1798 – 4 June 1872) was a Dutch liberal statesman, one of the most important Dutch politicians of the 19th century. In 1848, he headed the commission that drafted the revision of the Constitution of the Netherlands, giving less power to the king and more to the States General, and guaranteeing more religious, personal and political freedom to the people. Early life and education

<mask> was born in Zwolle. His father Frederik Willem was a Lutheran tobacco manufacturer of German descent, while his mother Christine Regina was born in the Lower Saxon Osnabrück. Frederik Willem's business suffered badly from the anti-British policies of the French occupiers, and his tobacco factory went bankrupt in 1803, after which he was unable to find another source of employment and would spend most of his time on the education of <mask> and his younger brother. <mask> proved to be diligent and exemplary at a young age, showing intelligence and curiosity. Because of the sacrifices of his parents, who continued to struggle with financial problems, he was able to enjoy decent education.He enjoyed primary education in his birthplace and in Amsterdam, where he lived until 1806, and attended a Latin school back in Zwolle until 1814. Thorbecke began studying classical literature and philosophy in Amsterdam, studies he finished in Leiden defending a thesis on Asinius Pollio in 1820. Shortly after taking his doctorate, Thorbecke was granted a state scholarship for a journey through Germany. At Giessen he lectured as an extraordinary professor, and at Göttingen, in 1824, published his treatise, Ueber das Wesen der Geschichte. He would spend four years travelling, during which he was introduced to historism

masks:
Johan Rudolph Thorbecke
Thorbecke
Johan Rudolph
Johan Rudolph


title: Beyers Naudé

texts:
<mask> (10 May 1915 – 7 September 2004) was a South African cleric, theologian and the leading Afrikaner anti-apartheid activist. He was known simply as <mask>, or more colloquially, Oom Bey (Afrikaans for "Uncle Bey"). Early life and education
One of eight children, <mask>é was born to <mask> and <mask> (née) van Huyssteen in Roodepoort, Transvaal (now Gauteng). The progenitor of the Naudé name was a French Huguenot refugee named <mask> who arrived in the Cape in 1718. The Naudé surname is one of numerous French surnames that retained their original spelling in South Africa. Beyers Naudé was named for General <mask>, under whom his father had served as a soldier and unofficial pastor during the second Anglo-Boer War. <mask>, an Afrikaner cleric, "was convinced that the British would never leave."He helped to found the Broederbond (Afrikaans, "Brotherhood" or "League of Brothers"), the powerful Afrikaner men's secret society that played a dominant role in apartheid South Africa. The Broederbond became especially synonymous with the Afrikaner-dominated National Party that won power in 1948 and implemented the racial segregation policy of apartheid. The elder Naudé also helped produce the earliest translations of the Bible into Afrikaans. In 1921, the Naudé family moved to the Cape Province town of Graaff-Reinet, in the Karoo region. <mask> <mask> attended Afrikaans Hoërskool [Afrikaans High School], matriculating in 1931. Naudé studied theology at the University of Stellenbosch and lived at Wilgenhof men's residence. He graduated in 1939 with an MA in languages and a theology degree.His sociology lecturer was the future prime minister and chief-architect of apartheid, H. F. Verwoerd. But Naudé credited Stellenbosch theologian Ben Keet with laying the groundwork for his own theological dissent. Naudé was ordained in 1939 as a minister in the South African Dutch Reformed Church and joined the Broederbond as

masks:
Christiaan Frederick Beyers Naudé
Beyers Naudé
Beyers Naud
Jozua François Naudé
Adriana Johanna Naudé
Jacques Naudé
Christiaan Frederick Beyers
Jozua Naudé
Beyers
Naudé


title: Beyers Naudé

texts:
 its youngest member. For 20 years he served various congregations, starting at Wellington in Western Cape Province (1940–1942), Loxton (1942–945), Pretoria - South-Olifantsfontein (1945–1949), Pretoria East (1945–1954), Potchefstroom (1954–1959) and Aasvoëlkop (Johannesburg) (1959–1963) preaching a religious justification for apartheid. On 3 August 1940 Naudé married Ilse Weder, whose father had been a Moravian missionary. The couple had three sons and a daughter. Anti-apartheid activities

The Sharpeville massacre in 1960 (during which the South African police killed 69 black demonstrators protesting against restrictions on their freedom of movement) ended his support for his church's political teachings.He began to question the biblical justification of apartheid by the Dutch Reformed Church: "I made an intensive study of the Bible to prove that those justifications were not valid. I concluded that the passages that were being used by the white DRC to justify apartheid were unfounded. In some cases, there was a deliberate distortion in order to prove the unprovable!" In the three decades after his resignation from the denomination, <mask>'s vocal support for racial reconciliation and equal rights led to upheavals in the Dutch Reformed Church. Cottesloe and the Christian Institute of Southern Africa
In response to Sharpeville, the World Council of Churches (WCC) sent a delegation to Johannesburg to meet with clerics. <mask>, by then the moderator of his church district (the Southern Transvaal Synod), helped to organize a consultation (the Cottesloe Consultation)
between the WCC and eighty South African church delegates in Cottesloe, a Johannesburg suburb. The Cottesloe Consultation's resolutions rejected race as the basis of exclusion from churches, and affirmed the right of all people to own land and have a say in how they are governed.<mask> alone among his church's delegates steadfastly continued to

masks: Naudé Naudé Naudé


title: Beyers Naudé

texts: reject any theological basis for apartheid after Prime Minister Verwoerd forced the DRC delegation to repudiate the consultation. The Dutch Reformed Church later left the World Council of Churches. In 1963 <mask> founded the Christian Institute of Southern Africa (CI), an ecumenical organization with the aim of fostering reconciliation through interracial dialogue, research, and publications. The DRC forced <mask> to choose between his status as minister and directorship of the CI. He then resigned his church post, left his Aasvoëlkop congregation in Northcliff, Johannesburg, and resigned from the Broederbond in 1963. As a result, he lost his status as minister in the Dutch Reformed Church. His last sermon to his congregation noted that "We must show greater loyalty to God than to man".Stoically anticipating the enormous pressure by the Afrikaner political and church establishment that was to come, he told his wife: "We must prepare for ten years in the wilderness." Former Archbishop Desmond Tutu later said "Beyers became a leper in the Afrikaner community." During the same year <mask> was blamed for leaking secret, confidential and unauthorized documents about the Broederbond to the press. The University of the Witwatersrand New Testament scholar Professor Albert S. Geyser later admitted that he had leaked the documents. Naudé had given the documents to Geyser to evaluate the extent of the influence of the Broederbond on the church. Geyser then provided the information to a journalist at The Sunday Times. The book " The Super-Afrikaners.Inside the Afrikaner Broederbond " written by Ivor Wilkins and Hans Strydom published in 1978 exposed a name list of possible members of the Broederbond. The source of these documents, that was taken without authorization, was blamed on Naudé. In 1967 Naudé and Geyser won a libel case against conservative Pretoria Professor Adriaan Pont, who had called them communists. In


title: Beyers Naudé

texts:
 post-apartheid government. In 1980 Naudé and three other DRC theologians broke with the DRC and were accepted as clergy by the Dutch Reformed Church in Africa, the black African denomination established by the white Dutch Reformed Church. After his unbanning in 1985, he succeeded Archbishop Desmond Tutu as secretary general of the South African Council of Churches. In this role he called for the release of political prisoners (especially Nelson Mandela) and negotiation with the African National Congress.In 1987 the apartheid regime outlawed public pleas for the release of detainees. But Naudé pressed Christians to continue to publicly pray for detainees, despite government threats of imprisonment. After his term at the South African Council of Churches ended, Naudé continued to serve a number of anti-apartheid and development organizations, including the Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa, the Ecumenical Service for Socio-Economic Transformation, Kagiso Trust, and the Editorial Board of Challenge Magazine. Post-apartheid influence

After 1990 Naudé occasionally opened ANC events with scripture readings. That same year he was invited by the African National Congress to be the only Afrikaner member on their delegation in negotiations with the National Party government at Groote Schuur. Despite his long association with the African National Congress, Naudé never actually joined the party. Some have speculated that this, along with his advanced age and constant ill health during the last few years of his life, caused him to be politically sidelined.Others conclude that <mask> harbored a fierce independence and never sought personal advancement. Despite his association with the ANC, for instance, he also maintained ties with the black consciousness movement and the Pan Africanist Congress. In 2000 he signed the Declaration of Commitment by White South Africans, a public document that acknowledged that


title: Beyers Naudé

texts:
 apartheid had damaged black South Africans. After his death at 89 on 7 September 2004, Nelson Mandela eulogized <mask> as "a true humanitarian and a true son of Africa." Naudé's official state funeral on Saturday 18 September 2004 was attended by President Thabo Mbeki, other dignitaries, and high-ranking ANC officials. Naudé's ashes were scattered in the township of Alexandra, just outside Johannesburg. He was survived by his wife, four children, and two great-grandchildren.Despite being persecuted by his own ethnic group, Naudé "never outwardly expressed spite for his former opponents. 'I am an Afrikaner,' he said. 'I saw myself never as anything else but an Afrikaner, and I'm very grateful for the small contribution which I could have made.'" Honors and accolades

During his life Naudé received several honors, including the Bruno Kreisky Award for services to human rights (Austria, 1979), the Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Award (USA, 1984), the African American Institute Award (USA, 1985), Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award (USA, 1985) along with Allan Boesak and Winnie Mandela, the Swedish Labour Movement Award (Sweden, 1988), the Order of Oranje-Nassau (Netherlands, 1995), Order for Meritorious Service (Gold) (South Africa, 1997), and the Order of Merit (Germany, 1999). Naudé received fourteen honorary doctorates during his lifetime and in 1993 he was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by the American Friends Service Committee. Legacy
In 2001 the city of Johannesburg, where he had lived most of his life in the suburb of Greenside, honored Naudé in several ways. Naudé received the Freedom of the City of Johannesburg while DF Malan Drive, a major road in Johannesburg, was renamed Beyers Naudé Drive.The Library Gardens in downtown Johannesburg, formerly known as Market Square, were renamed as Beyers Naudé Square. In 2004 Naudé was voted 36th among Top 100 Great South Africans in an informal poll


title: Guy Boothby

texts:
<mask> (13 October 1867 – 26 February 1905) was a prolific Australian novelist and writer, noted for sensational fiction in variety magazines around the end of the nineteenth century. He lived mainly in England. He is best known for such works as the Dr Nikola series, about an occultist criminal mastermind who is a Victorian forerunner to Fu Manchu, and Pharos, the Egyptian, a tale of Gothic Egypt, mummies' curses and supernatural revenge. Rudyard Kipling was his friend and mentor, and his books were remembered with affection by George Orwell. Biography
<mask> was born in Adelaide to a prominent family in the recently established British colony of South Australia. His father was <mask>, who for a time was a member of the South Australian Legislative Assembly, three of his uncles were senior colonial administrators, and his grandfather was <mask> (1803–1868), controversial judge of the Supreme Court of South Australia from 1853 to 1867. When Boothby was aged approximately seven his English-born mother, whom he held in great regard, separated from his father and returned with her children to England.There he received a traditional English grammar school education at Salisbury, Lord Weymouth's Grammar (now Warminster School) and Christ's Hospital, London. Following this, Boothby returned alone to South Australia at sixteen, where, in his turn, he entered the colonial administration as private secretary to the mayor of Adelaide, Lewis Cohen,  but was "not contented" with the work. Despite <mask>'s family tradition of colonial service, his natural inclinations ran more to the creative than to the administrative and he was not satisfied with his limited role as a provincial colonial servant. In 1890, aged 23, Boothby wrote the libretto for a comic opera, Sylvia, which was published and produced at Adelaide in December 1890, and

masks:
Guy Newell Boothby
Boothby
Thomas Wilde Boothby
Benjamin Boothby
Boothby


title: Guy Boothby

texts: in 1891 his second show, The Jonquil: an Opera, appeared. He also wrote and performed in an operetta, Dimple's Lovers, for Adelaide's Garrick Club theatre group. The music in each case was written by Cecil James Sharp. His first literary ventures were directed at the theatre, but his ambition was not appeased by the lukewarm response his melodramas received in Adelaide.Hence when severe economic collapse hit most of the Australian colonies in the early 1890s, he followed the well-beaten path to London in December 1891. <mask>, however, was thwarted in his first bid for recognition as lack of funds forced him to disembark en route in Colombo, Sri Lanka and begin making his way homewards through South East Asia. According to family legend, the dire poverty he faced on this journey led him to accept any kind of work he could get: ‘This meant working before the mast, stoking in ocean tramps, attending in a Chinese opium den in Singapore, digging in the Burmah Ruby fields, acting, prize fighting, cow punching...’ This was followed by a brief sojourn on Thursday Island, a Melanesian island in the Torres Strait group recently annexed by the Queensland colony, where he worked as a diver in the lucrative pearl trade; and finally by an arduous journey overland across the Australian continent home to Adelaide. While Paul Depasquale, author of the only <mask> biography, warns that this account of his travels may be somewhat glamorous,  Boothby certainly travelled extensively in South East Asia, Melanesia and Australia at this period, collecting a stock of colonial anecdotes and experiences that were to influence much of his later writing. Approximately two years later Boothby finally reached London and succeeded in having an account of his peregrinations, On the Wallaby, or Through the East and Across Australia, published in 1894.

masks: Boothby Boothby


title: Guy Boothby

texts:
 The travelogue met with reasonable success, which was matched later that year by <mask>'s first novel, In Strange Company. A novel of adventure set variously in England, Australia, the South Seas and South America, In Strange Company established a pattern that was to characterise the succeeding Boothby oeuvre – the use of exotic, international and particularly Australasian locales that frequently function as an end in themselves superfluous to the requirements of plot.By October 1895, Boothby had completed three further novels, including A Bid for Fortune, the first Dr Nikola novel which catapulted Boothby to wide acclaim. Of the two other novels Boothby wrote in 1895 A Lost Endeavour was set on Thursday Island and The Marriage of Esther ranged across several Torres Strait Islands. Boothby continued to produce fiction at a ferocious rate, producing up to six novels a year across the range of genres prevalent at the fin de siècle, and is credited with producing over 53 novels in total, not to mention dozens of short stories and plays. Death

<mask> died at his home, aged but 38 years, in Boscombe, near Bournemouth, from complications arising from influenza, on 26 February 1905. His grave is in the town's Wimborne Road Cemetery. Writing

Some of Boothby's earlier works relate to stories of Australian life, but later he turned to genre fiction including crime fiction, imperial romance, science fiction and Gothic horror. Boothby's oeuvre is pervaded by an array of intriguing and subversive villains whose larger than life characters eclipse the unremarkable English protagonists.They range from the classic supernatural fiends of fin-de-siècle gothic, to deformed freaks (a particular penchant of <mask>'s), to sophisticated international master criminals that anticipate the adversaries of Ian Fleming's Bond character. In their

masks: Boothby Boothby Boothby


title: Guy Boothby

texts:
 depiction of the international master criminal and the revenge of the undead ancient Egyptian Boothby's novels were influential in establishing two key tropes of the cinematic age, which persist long after the novels themselves have faded into obscurity. The Dr Nikola Series

Boothby was once well known for his series of novels about Doctor Nikola, an occultist anti-hero seeking immortality and world domination. The adventures of Nikola were launched with the first episode of A Bid for Fortune which was serialised in The Windsor Magazine (a rival to The Strand Magazine). Nikola is described as dressing in "faultless evening dress, slender, having dark peculiar eyes and dark hair, and white toad-coloured skin." Dr Nikola starred in a play The Adventures of Dr. Nikola, by Ben Landeck and Oswald Brand, which ran briefly in London in 1902. Other novels

In A Prince of Swindlers he created the character of Simon Carne, a gentleman thief in the Raffles mould, with an alter ego as the eccentric detective Klimo.Carne first appeared in Pearson's Magazine in 1897, predating Raffles by two years. Pharos the Egyptian (1899) is a thriller with romance and some supernaturalism in which a very sinister old man, Pharos, proves to be Ptahmes, a mummy who has survived through the centuries with full magical powers. The Curse of the Snake (1902) is referred to by Brian Stableford as the most interesting of <mask>'s novels. However, Stableford states that <mask> "very obviously made up his novel plots as he went along and that therefore this novel "concludes with a woefully inadequate explanation of its marvelously creepy opening sequence." Ghost Stories

<mask> wrote a number of ghost stories, mainly from his collections Uncle Joe's Legacy and Other Stories (1902) and The Lady on the Island (1904). Amongst the best-known of these are "The


title: Guy Boothby

texts:
 Black Lady of Brin Tor", "A Strange Goldfield" and "The Lady on the Island" and "Remorseless Vengeance." These have been reprinted in horror anthologies edited variously by Richard Dalby, Hugh Lamb, Leigh Blackmore and James Doig.Bibliography

Doctor Nikola
 A Bid for Fortune: or, Dr Nikola's Vendetta (1895) (AKA Enter, Dr Nikola) (note: included in the Wordsworth Editions omnibus Dr Nikola Master Criminal, 2009)
 Dr Nikola (1896) AKA Dr. Nikola Returns (note: included in the Wordsworth Editions omnibus Dr Nikola Master Criminal, 2009)
 The Lust of Hate (1898) (note: Dr Nikola makes only a peripheral appearance in this novel). Dr Nikola's Experiment (1899)
 "Farewell, Nikola" (1901)

Other works
Other books written by <mask> include:
 On the Wallaby: or, Through the East and Across Australia (1894)
 In Strange Company: a Story of Chili and the Southern Seas (1894)
 A Lost Endeavour (1895)
 The Marriage of Esther: a Torres Straits Sketch (1895)
 The Beautiful White Devil (1897)
 Bushigrams (1897)
 The Fascination of the King (1897)
 The Phantom Stockman (1897)
 Sheila McLeod: a Heroine of the Back Blocks (1897)
 The Duchess of Wiltshire's Diamonds (1897)
 Across The World For a Wife (1898)
 Billy Binks, Hero: and Other Stories (1898)
 Love Made Manifest (1899)
 Pharos, The Egyptian (1899)
 The Red Rat's Daughter (1899)
 A Sailor's Bride (1899)
 "Long Live the King!" (Dissertation, Universita degli studi di Padova, online)
 William Patrick Maynard,"Dr. Nikola and Pharos the Egyptian"

1867 births
1905 deaths
19th-century Australian novelists
20th-century Australian novelists
Australian male novelists
Australian people of English descent
Writers from Adelaide
People educated at Lord Weymouth's Grammar School
19th-century male writers
20th-century Australian male writers
People buried at the Wimborne Road Cemetery,


title: Ewald Stadler

texts:
<mask> (born May 21, 1961), is an Austrian right-wing conservative politician. He was a member of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) until 2007, and a member of the Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ) from 2007 until 2013. He ran for the European Parliament in 2009 as BZÖ's leading candidate and was a member of the European Parliament from 2011 to 2014. In 2014 he was chosen as the first party leader of The Reform Conservatives (REKOS). Early life and education
<mask> was born in Mäder, Austria. After his schooling, he worked at the Feldkirch city finance office. Later he studied law at the University of Innsbruck.As one of the requirements for becoming an attorney under the law of Austria, he completed his court practicum year at the regional court at Krems an der Donau. Political career

In Vorarlberg state
From 1985 to 1996 <mask> <mask> was a member of the municipal council (Gemeinderat) in Mäder and a member of its Gemeindevorstand (an elected subgroup of the Gemeinderat) from 1990 to 1994. As early as 1989 he was elected to the Landtag (provincial assembly) of Vorarlberg, in which he remained until 1994. In addition, from 1991 to 1994 <mask> was head of the Landtag caucus of the Vorarlberg Freedom Party (FPÖ). Also, while he was active in Vorarlberg provincial politics, he held the role of a member of the Vorarlberg FPÖ Provincial Party Committee. On November 7, 1994, <mask> moved up to the National Council of Austria (Nationalrat) as an FPÖ member, where he remained until April 28, 1999. Furthermore, he was a member of the FPÖ's Federal Party Committee (Bundesparteivorstand).In Lower Austria and in Federal office
When he moved to Lower Austria, <mask> became deputy provincial party chief of the FPÖ for Lower Austria in 1998 and was a member of the Lower Austria provincial council between 1999 and 2001. On July 1, 2001, he became a Volksanwalt (ombudsman) at the Federal level, responsible for commerce and advertising, defense, schools and culture, police, and the

masks:
Ewald Johann Stadler
Stadler
Ewald
Stadler
Stadler
Stadler
Stadler


title: Ewald Stadler

texts:
 administration of justice. He stepped down as Volksanwalt on October 30, 2006 when he won a seat in the National Council. Starting in the summer of 2004, <mask> directed the Freedom Party Academy and was responsible for the training of FPÖ functionaries. However, the Academy became less important after a thorough reorganization in December 2006. <mask> took up his seat for the FPÖ in the National Council on October 30, 2006. After internal differences with the FPÖ leadership, he resigned from the party on March 7, 2007, although he remained a member of the Freedom Party caucus.He announced on August 16, 2008, that he was joining the Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ) for the National Council election of 2008. However, he wanted to remain a free deputy, elected from a district. Since October 28, 2008, <mask> has been a representative of the BZÖ in the National Council. <mask> was deputy chief of the Freedom Party caucus from October 30, 2006 to March 6, 2007, and was elected deputy chief of the BZÖ caucus on October 28, 2008. On April 3, 2009, <mask> was elected as the new party chief of the Lower Austria BZÖ with 97.7 percent of the vote. He succeeded Christine Döttelmayer, who had stepped down from her position at the end of February 2009. In the European Parliament
<mask> entered the European Parliament election in June 2009 as the leading candidate of the BZÖ.The 4.6 percent of votes received was not sufficient to win a seat at the time. However, when the Treaty of Lisbon took effect on December 1, 2009, Austria gained two seats in the European Parliament, making the BZÖ vote retrospectively sufficient to win <mask> a seat. After a delay of two years while other EU countries completed the process of choosing their own new MEPs and pending the ratification of certain treaty changes, <mask> was seated as an MEP on December 11, 2011. In October 2013 he was expelled from the BZÖ along with Stefan Petzner by designated leader Gerald Grosz for retrospectively publicly

masks: Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler


title: Ewald Stadler

texts:
 criticizing BZÖ's campaigning and poor election result in the Austrian legislative election of 2013. As of January 2014, <mask> retained his seat in the European Parliament as an unaffiliated member. On 23 December 2013 (one day before Christmas Eve) <mask>, together with Rudolf Gehring of the Christian Party of Austria announced in a press conference they were founding a new party, The Reform Conservatives (REKOS) () for which <mask> would run for the European Parliament election on 25 May 2014. <mask> was elected national party leader of REKOS on 8 March 2014.His term in the European Parliament ended on June 30, 2014. On the international stage

Speech against Turkey
In 2010, after the Turkish ambassador to Austria, Kadri Ecvet Tezcan, complained in an interview about the integration of Turkish immigrants in Austria., <mask> responded in the Austrian parliament with a speech about cases of intolerance in Turkey. International observer in Ukraine crisis
In 2014, <mask> <mask> participated as a member of international observers groups who acknowledged the Eastern Ukrainian referendums in Crimea and in the Donetsk-Lugansk regions. Personal life
<mask> is a member of the Catholic lay association Compagnia di Santa Maria della Mercede, affiliated with the Mercedarian order. During his law studies at Innsbruck he was close to the Catholic traditionalist movement the Society of St. Pius X. He is married and has six children. References

External links

(in German)
 ORF Artikel mit Auszügen aus Stadlers Biografie

 „FPÖ: Halbstarker gegen Halbwilden“ Hintergrundartikel zum Streit zwischen Stadler und Strache im profil
 Fotoreportage: <mask> <mask>
 „Lieber gesetzlos als ein Untertan“ aus „Die Zeit“ vom 17.April 2008

1961 births
Living people
Catholicism and far-right politics
People from Feldkirch District
University of Innsbruck alumni
Austrian traditionalist Catholics
Alliance for the Future of Austria MEPs
The Reform Conservatives MEPs
Ombudsmen in Austria
MEPs for Austria

masks: Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler Ewald Stadler Stadler Ewald Stadler


title: Fitz Henry Lane

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>, also known as <mask>) (December 19, 1804 – August 14, 1865) was an American painter and printmaker of a style that would later be called Luminism, for its use of pervasive light. Biography

<mask> was born on December 19, 1804, in Gloucester, Massachusetts. <mask> was christened <mask> on March 17, 1805, and would remain known as such until he was 27. It was not until March 13, 1832, that the state of Massachusetts would officially grant <mask>'s own formal request (made in a letter dated December 26, 1831) to change his name from Nathaniel Rogers to <mask>. As with practically all aspects of <mask>'s life, the subject of his name is one surrounded by much confusion—it was not until 2005 that historians discovered that they had been wrongly referring to the artist as <mask>, as opposed to his chosen Fitz <mask>. The reasons behind <mask>'s decision to change his name, and for choosing the name he did, are still very unclear; although, one suggestion is that he did it "to differentiate himself from the well-known miniature painter Nathaniel Rodgers". From the time of his birth, <mask> would be exposed to the sea and maritime life—a factor that obviously had a great impact on his later choice of subject matter.Many circumstances of his young life ensured <mask>'s constant interaction with various aspects of this maritime life, including the fact that <mask>'s family lived "upon the periphery of Gloucester Harbor's working waterfront," and that his father, Jonathan Dennison <mask>, was a sailmaker, and quite possibly owned and ran a sail loft. It is often speculated that <mask> would most likely have

masks:
Fitz Henry Lane
Nathaniel Rogers Lane
Fitz Hugh Lane
Fitz Henry Lane
Lane
Nathaniel Rogers Lane
Lane
Fitz Henry Lane
Lane
Fitz Hugh
Henry
Lane
Lane
Lane
Lane
Lane
Lane


title: Fitz Henry Lane

texts: pursued some seafaring career, or become a sail-maker like his father, instead of an artist, had it not been for a lifelong handicap <mask> developed as a child. Although the cause cannot be known with certainty, it is thought that the ingestion of some part of the Peru-Apple—a poisonous weed also known as jimsonweed—by <mask> at the age of eighteen months caused the paralysis of the legs from which <mask> would never recover. Furthermore, it has been suggested by art historian James A. Craig that because he could not play games as the other children did, he was forced to find some other means of amusement, and that in such a pursuit he discovered and was able to develop his talent for drawing. To go a step further, as a result of his having a busy seaport as immediate surroundings, he was able to develop a special skill in depicting the goings-on inherent in such an environment. <mask> could still have become a sail-maker, as such an occupation entailed much time spent sitting and sewing, and that <mask> already had some experience sewing from his short-lived apprenticeship in shoe-making. However, as evidenced in this quote from <mask>'s nephew <mask>'s "Early Recollections," his interest in art held much sway in his deciding on a career: "Before he became an artist he worked for a short time making shoes, but after a while, seeing that he could draw pictures better than he could make shoes he went to Boston and took lessons in drawing and painting and became a marine artist."<mask> acquired such "lessons" by way of his employment at Pendleton's Lithography shop in Boston, which lasted from 1832 to 1847. With the

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title: Fitz Henry Lane

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 refinement and development of his artistic skills acquired during his years working as a lithographer, <mask> was able to successfully produce marine paintings of high quality, as evidenced in his being listed, officially, as a "marine painter" in the Boston Almanac of 1840. <mask> continued to refine his painting style, and consequently, the demand for his marine paintings increased as well. <mask> had visited Gloucester often while living in Boston, and in 1848, he returned permanently. In 1849, <mask> began overseeing construction of a house/studio of his own design on Duncan's Point—this house would remain his primary residence to the end of his life. <mask> <mask> continued to produce beautiful marine paintings and seascapes into his later years. He died in his home on Duncan's Point on August 14, 1865, and is buried in Oak Grove Cemetery.Training and influences

However ambiguous many aspects of <mask>'s life and career may remain, a few things are certain. First, <mask> was, even in childhood, clearly gifted in the field of art. As was noted by J. Babson, a local Gloucester historian and contemporary in <mask>'s time, <mask> "showed in boyhood a talent for drawing and painting; but received no instruction in the rules till he went to Boston." In addition to confirming <mask>'s early talent, this observation also indicates that <mask> was largely self-taught in the field of art—more specifically drawing and paintings—previous to beginning his employment at Pendleton's lithography firm at the age of 28. <mask>'s first-known and recorded work, a watercolor titled The Burning of the Packet Ship "Boston," executed

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title: Fitz Henry Lane

texts: by <mask> in 1830, is regarded by many art historians as evidence of <mask>'s primitive grasp of the finer points of artistic composition previous to his employment at Pendleton's. <mask> may have supplemented his primary, purely experimental practices in drawing and painting with the study of instructional books on drawing, or more likely, by the study of books on the subject of ship design. Some study of the literature on the subject of ship design seems highly plausible, given that <mask> would have had easy access to many such texts, and, more importantly, the most certain necessity of such a study in order for <mask> to be able to produce works of such accurate detail in realistically depicting a ship as it actually appeared in one of any given number of possible circumstances it faced in traversing the sea.At the time when <mask> began his employment at Pendleton's, it was common practice for aspiring American artists—especially those who, like <mask>, could not afford a more formal education in the arts by traveling to Europe or by attending one of the prestigious American art academies, such as New York's National Academy of Design or Philadelphia's Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts—to seek work as a lithographer, this being the next logical step in their pursuit of a career in the arts. As for why such employment was beneficial to the budding artist, art historian James A. Craig, in his book Fitz H. Lane: An Artist's Voyage through Nineteenth-Century America, the most comprehensive account of <mask>'s life and career, offers this illuminating description of the career evolution of the typical

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title: Fitz Henry Lane

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 lithographer:

"... an apprentice's schooling presumably began with the graining of stones, the making of lithographic crayons, and the copying of the designs and pictures of others onto limestone. As his talents developed, the apprentice would find himself gradually taking on more challenging tasks, from drafting and composing images (the role of the designer) to ultimately being permitted to draw his own original compositions upon limestone (that most prestigious of ranks within the litho shop, the lithographic artist). Since the compositional techniques employed in lithography differed little from those taught in European academic drawing, and the tonal work so necessary for the process to succeed was akin to that found in painting (indeed, when his studio began in 1825 John Pendleton specifically sought out painters for employment in his establishment due to their habits of thinking in tonal terms), an apprenticeship within a lithographic workshop like Pendleton's in Boston was roughly equivalent to that offered by fine art academies for beginning students." Working in the lithography shop, <mask> would have been taught the stylistic techniques for producing artistic compositions from the practiced seniors among his fellow employees. As noted above, because Pendleton specifically sought painters to work in his shop, <mask> would most likely have received the benefit of working under and with some of the most skilled aspiring and established marine and landscape painters of his day. The English maritime painter Robert Salmon, who, historians have discovered, came to work at Pendleton's at a period coinciding with

masks: Lane Lane


title: Fitz Henry Lane

texts:
 <mask>'s employment therein, is regarded as having had a large impact, stylistically, on <mask>'s early works.Beginning in the early 1840s <mask> would declare himself publicly to be a marine painter while simultaneously continuing his career as a lithographer. He quickly attained an eager and enthusiastic patronage from several of the leading merchants and mariners in Boston, New York, and his native Gloucester. <mask>'s career would ultimately find him painting harbor and ship portraits, along with the occasional purely pastoral scene, up and down the eastern seaboard of the United States, from as far north as the Penobscot Bay/Mount Desert Island region of Maine, to as far south as San Juan, Puerto Rico. Style

From one of his first copied lithographs, View of the Town of Gloucester, Mass (1836), to his very last works, <mask> would incorporate many of the following arrangements and techniques consistently in the composition of his art works, both his lithographs and paintings:
 Nautical subject matter
 Depiction of various naval craft in highly accurate detail
 An overall extensive amount of detail
 The distinctive expanse of sky
 Pronounced attention to depicting the interplay of light and dark
 Hyper-accentuated vegetation within the immediate foreground
 An elevated "insider point of view" perspective

Perhaps most characteristic element of <mask>'s paintings is the incredible amount of attention paid to detail—probably due in part to his lithographic training, as the specific style of lithography that was popular at the time of his training was characterized by the goal of verisimilitude. In terms of <mask>'s

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 influences and relations to the artistic tradition of Luminism, Barbara Novak, in her book "American Painting in the Nineteenth Century", relates <mask>'s later works to Ralph Waldo Emerson's Transcendentalism (which she relates directly to the emergence of Luminism), claiming that "[<mask>] was the most 'transparent eyeball", and that this was evidenced by <mask>'s balancing of what Novak describes as the "contributions of the primitive and the graphic traditions to his art", the primitive being what he learned on his own by first observing and interacting with the surrounding environment he sought to depict, and the graphic being those skills <mask> acquired through working as a lithographer. This balance does indeed seem to support the connection of <mask>'s works with Luminism, as one definition of luminist art is that "characterized by a heightened perception of reality carefully organized and controlled by principles of design. As one of the styles of landscape painting to emerge in the nineteenth century, luminism embraced the contemporary preoccupation with nature as a manifestation of God's grand plan.It was luminism more than any other of the schools that succeeded in imbuing an objective study of nature with a depth of feeling. This was accomplished through a genuine love and understanding of the elements of nature—discernible in the intimate arrangement of leaves on a bough—and their arrangement to reveal the poetry inherent in a given scene." Legacy
Other findings have shed new light onto not only <mask>'s artistic process but have also revealed him to have been a staunch social reformer, particularly

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title: Fitz Henry Lane

texts: within the American temperance movement. As well, the long-held suspicion that <mask> was a transcendentalist has been confirmed, and it has been uncovered that he was also a Spiritualist. Sensational claims that <mask> was "a somewhat saddened and introspective figure … often prone to moodiness with friends", and that his existence was one of "quiet loneliness", have been proven fallacious with the full quotation of the testimony of John Trask, a patron, friend, and next door neighbor of the artist, who states that <mask> "was always hard at work and had no moods in his work. Always pleasant and genial with visitors. He was unmarried having had no romance.He was always a favorite and full of fun. He liked evening parties and was fond of getting up tableaux." Long believed to have given instruction to only one artist during his career—a local lady of limited artistic abilities named Mary Mellen—it has now been established that <mask> was the instructor and mentor to several other artists, most importantly Benjamin Champney and America's other great 19th century marine painter, William Bradford. A contemporary of the Hudson River School, he enjoyed a reputation as America's premier painter of marine subjects during his lifetime, but fell into obscurity soon after his death with the rise of French Impressionism. <mask>'s work would be rediscovered in the 1930s by the art collector Maxim Karolik, after which his art steadily grew in popularity among private collectors and public institutions. His work can now command at auction prices ranging as high as three to five million dollars. The largest collection of his work is

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title: Fitz Henry Lane

texts:
 currently held by the Wallace Family of Boston, Massachusetts where his work is on display throughout their family offices, private homes, and estates.Artworks

 The Burning of the Packet Ship "Boston", 1830, watercolor, view
 View of the Town of Gloucester, Mass, 1836, lithograph, view
 Steamer Brittania in a Gale, 1842, oil on canvas, Boston, view
 Gloucester Harbor from Rocky Neck, 1844, Cape Ann Museum Collection, view
 St. Johns, Porto Rico, ca 1850, The Mariners' Museum, view
 Gloucester Inner Harbor, 1850, The Mariners' Museum view
 The Fishing Party, 1850, view
 The Golden State Entering New York Harbor, 1854, oil on canvas, Metropolitan Museum of Art
 Stage Rocks and Western Shore of Gloucester Outer Harbor, 1857, oil on canvas, John Wilmerding Collection, view
 Ship in Fog, Gloucester Harbor, ca. Addison Gallery of American Art, Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts (September 9, 2006 – January 7, 2007); Dulwich Picture Gallery, London (March 14 – June 8, 2008); Meadows Museum of Art, Dallas (November 30 – February 24, 2008); Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice (June 27 – October 12, 2008)

References

Sources
 <mask> <mask> at the Cape Ann Museum which has the largest collection of his work (40 paintings and 100 drawings). Craig, James. <mask> H<mask>: An Artist's Voyage Through Nineteenth-Century America. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2006. .
 Mary Foley. "Fitz <mask>, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and the Gloucester Lyceum." American Art Journal, Vol.27, no. 1/2, 1995/1996
 Gerdts, William H.; C. C. "'The Sea Is His Home': Clarence Cook Visits Fitz <mask>." American Art Journal, Vol. 17, No. 3. (Summer,

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title: Fitz Henry Lane

texts:
 1985), pp. 44–49.Howat, John K.; Sharp, Lewis I.; Salinger, Margaretta M. "American Paintings and Sculpture." Notable Acquisitions (Metropolitan Museum of Art), No. 1975/1979. (1975–1979), pp. 64–67. Novak, Barbara. American Painting of the Nineteenth Century.New York: Praeger Publishers, Inc., 1969. Sharp, Lewis I. "American Paintings and Sculpture." Notable Acquisitions (Metropolitan Museum of Art), No. 1965/1975. (1965–1975), pp. 11–19.Smith, Gayle L."Emerson and the Luminist Painters: A Study of Their Styles" American Quarterly, Vol. 37, No. 2. (Summer, 1985), pp. 193–215. Troyen, Carol. The Boston Tradition.New York: The American Federation of Arts, 1980. Wilmerding, John. The Genius of American Painting. New York: William Morrow & Company, Inc., 1973. Wilmerding, John. "Fitz <mask>: Imitations and Attributions." American Art Journal, Vol.3, No. 2. (Autumn, 1971), pp. 32–40. Wilmerding, John. American Light: The Luminist Movement, 1850–1875. Washington DC: National Gallery of Art, 1980.External links

 Fitz <mask>: An online project under the direction of the CAPE ANN MUSEUM Gloucester, Massachusetts
 Museo Thyssen Bornemisza Biography and Works: Fitz <mask>
 Art and the Empire City: New York, 1825-1861, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on <mask> (see index)
 Fitz <mask> on Artfact.com

1804 births
1865 deaths
19th-century American painters
19th-century male artists
American male painters
American landscape painters
Luminism (American art style)
People from Gloucester, Massachusetts
American marine artists
Painters from

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title: Sam Billings

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<mask> (born 15 June 1991) is an English professional cricketer. <mask> is a right-handed batsman who fields as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Pembury in Kent and plays for Kent County Cricket Club. He has played for the county since he was eight years old and in October 2017 was appointed as the vice-captain of the team before being appointed as captain in January 2018, replacing <mask>. <mask> is regarded as a versatile cricketer who studies the game intensely and has an imaginative range of scoring shots. He has appeared mainly in limited overs formats for the England cricket team and made his Test cricket debut in January 2022. He has played Twenty20 franchise cricket in the Pakistan Super League, Indian Premier League and in the Big Bash League in Australia.Early and personal life
<mask> was born in Pembury, Kent and grew up on his family's farm in north Kent. He developed as a good all-round sportsman, playing tennis for Kent and being offered a trial for Tottenham Hotspur Football Club after scoring a hat-trick against the team's academy side whilst playing for Corinthian under-14s. He also played racquets, squash and rugby. His grandfather, <mask>, was a racquets champion and his cousin, <mask>, is a world ranked player of the game. <mask> attributes racquets with helping to develop his batting skills, in particular his hand-eye coordination. <mask> attended New Beacon School, Sevenoaks, and then Haileybury College in Hertfordshire, appearing regularly for their cricket First XI throughout his school career. He studied for a degree in Sport and Exercise Science at Loughborough University.<mask> has said that he was "nowhere near good enough" to become a professional cricketer before his time at university and credits it with

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Sam Northeast
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title: Sam Billings

texts:
 encouraging him to work hard to develop his talent. Early career
<mask> made his first-class debut for Loughborough MCCU against Northamptonshire in 2011. He made a further first-class appearance for the team in 2011, against Leicestershire. In his four first-class matches for Loughborough MCCU, he scored 321 runs at an average of 45.85, with a high score of 131. This score came in his debut match against Northamptonshire. Kent career
Whilst at university <mask> was also a member of the Kent squad, and he made his debut for the county in May 2011 in a first-class match against his university side, Loughborough MCCU. During the 2011 season he also made his List A debut for Kent against the Netherlands in the 2011 Clydesdale Bank 40, standing in for regular wicket-keeper Geraint Jones.<mask> made three further List A appearances in the 2011 season, as well as playing in four matches in the 2011 Friends Provident t20. After leading the county in one day runs scored in 2012, <mask> replaced former England wicket-keeper Jones in Kent's 2013 Friends Life t20 campaign. At the end of the season he kept wicket in the County Championship, breaking Jones' string of 115 consecutive Championship appearances for Kent before playing Sydney Grade Cricket for Penrith District Cricket Club during the 2013–14 English winter. <mask> became the first choice wicket-keeper for Kent in the 2014 season. He played for in the champion county match in Abu Dhabi at the beginning of the 2015 season before scoring 693 runs at an average of 29.80 in the 2015 County Championship season and making his England One Day and T20 debuts. He was awarded his Kent county cap in August 2015 during the annual Canterbury Cricket Week and signed a contract extension with Kent, in

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title: Sam Billings

texts:
 January 2016. After spending the winter playing one-day international cricket with England and featuring in both the Pakistan Super League (PSL) and Indian Premier League (IPL) T20 competitions, <mask> returned to Kent at the end of May having missed six County Championship matches as well as the start of both one-day competitions.During the 2016 season he became only the second Kent wicket-keeper to take seven catches in an innings and the tenth to claim nine dismissals in a first-class match, both one short of equalling the record for the county, and made his highest score in first-class cricket. <mask> spent the following winter playing for England in Bangladesh, Sydney Sixers in the Big Bash League and for England again in India and the West Indies as well as once again playing in the PSL and IPL. England duty again kept him away from Kent for parts of the 2017 season and he played in only six of the county's County Championship matches during the season, although he was ever present during the T20 Blast. He averaged 43.66 in the Championship games he played and captained the side in a tour match against the West Indies in August. At the end of the season he signed a new contract with Kent and was appointed officially as the team's vice-captain. Following <mask>'s removal as Kent captain in early 2018 <mask> was appointed to the post as his replacement, despite some disquiet about his participation in the 2018 Indian Premier League. This meant that he missed the first part of the County Championship and One Day Cup seasons.The team was captained by Joe Denly in <mask>' absence. Later in the season <mask> once again signed a contract extension. International career

<mask> was first called into the England Performance Programme in

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title: Sam Billings

texts: 2014 and took part in a training camp in Sri Lanka during the represented the English winter. He had played for an ECB under-16 side in 2006 and for England age group sides at under-17 and under-18 level before touring Bangladesh with the England under-19 side in 2009. He was named in the squad for the England Lions cricket team in the 2014/15 off-season in South Africa, making his debut and scoring 53 against a Gauteng Invitation XI in January 2015 and going on to play for the Lions in four of the five unofficial one-day international matches on the tour. In late 2014 he had been named in the provisional squad for the England cricket team before the 2015 Cricket World Cup, replacing the injured Craig Kieswetter, but did not feature in the final squad for the tournament. <mask> made his senior England international debut in an ODI against the touring New Zealand team in June 2015, playing as a batsman and scoring three runs.After playing in all five ODIs during the series, he made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut on 23 June 2015, scoring 21 runs. He was an unused member of the ODI squad against Australia later the same summer before playing in the only T20I against the Australians at the end of August. After the New Zealand series Billing was a regular in England ODI and T20I squads but played infrequently for two years, never appearing in two consecutive England ODI teams until March 2017. He made his England debut as a wicketkeeper in the first T20I against Pakistan in Dubai in November 2015. He made his maiden international half-century in the match, reaching his fifty in 24 balls, before being run out for 53 off the last ball of the England innings. He took two catches and completed a stumping during the Pakistan innings as


title: Sam Billings

texts: England won by 14 runs. He was adjudged man of the match for his performance during the match.He played for the Lions against Pakistan A in Dubai in January 2016, against South Africa in 2016 and was selected for the England squad for the 2016 World Twenty20 competition. He did not make an appearance for England during the competition, other than as a substitute fielder. He was named in a 30-man England Performance Squad for the 2016 domestic season and played for the full England T20 side against Sri Lanka in July 2016 and for the Lions side against Pakistan A and Sri Lanka A, scoring his highest List A cricket score of 175 against Pakistan at Canterbury, before touring Bangladesh with the England One Day International team in October, scoring his maiden ODI half-century with a score of 62 in the final match of the series batting as a replacement opening batsman, to help England to a 2–1 series win. In early 2017 <mask> was part of the England ODI and T20 squad which toured India. He played in the opening List A match of the tour against India A again as a specialist batsman, scoring 93 runs, and in an ODI and T20 match on the tour before playing back to back ODI matches for the first time since his debut series against the West Indies. He was an unused member of the England squad for the 2017 Champions Trophy but played against Ireland, South Africa and West Indies during the summer of 2017. In early 2018 he joined the England squad in Australia for the ODI element of their tour, although he did not appear in any of the matches, before playing in the 2017–18 Trans-Tasman Tri-Series T20 matches against Australia and New Zealand in February.He was, again, an unused member of the England squad for the ODI series against New Zealand which


title: Sam Billings

texts: followed. In October 2019, <mask> was named as the vice-captain and first-choice wicket-keeper in England's T20I squad for their tour of New Zealand. He played in all five T20I matches on the tour, although he only scored 34 runs in his five innings and was not selected for the limited-overs side in South Africa early 2020. In May 2020, he was named in a group of 55 players to begin behind closed doors training ahead of international fixtures starting in England following the COVID-19 pandemic. He was not selected in the Test side to face the West Indies but in July was named in the squad for the ODI series against Ireland After playing in all three matches against Ireland without being dismissed and making scores of 67 and 46, he played in the three T20I matches against the touring Pakistanis. Following the return of more established players for matches at the end of the summer against Australia, <mask> played in only the last T20I of the three-match series, but was selected for the opening ODI. He went on to make his first senior international century in the match, scoring 118 runs, before playing in both of the other matches in the series.Wisden named him in their ODI team of 2020, the only member of the England team to be selected. Following an injury to Ben Foakes in May 2021, <mask> was added to England's Test squad for the first time ahead of the series against New Zealand. He did not play in either of the matches in the series but in August was again added to England's Test squad, this time as wicket-keeper cover for the fourth Test against India. In September 2021, <mask> was named in England's squad for the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. <mask> made his Test debut for England in the final Test of the 2021–22 Ashes series.


title: Sam Billings

texts:
 Following injuries to both of the side's wicket-keepers, Jos Buttler and Jonny Bairstow, <mask> was added to the squad as a replacement, having been playing in the Big Bash League for Sydney Thunder. He made his debut at the Bellerive Oval in Hobart scoring 29 runs in England's first innings and taking five catches in Australia's second in a debut which was described as composed.Twenty20 franchise leagues
<mask> is a regular participant in Twenty20 franchise leagues around the world. He has played for teams in the Pakistan Super League, Australian Big Bash and Indian Premier League and was scheduled to play in the first season of the abortive South African T20 Global League. He has spoken of his belief that playing T20 cricket with many of the best cricketers in the world is effectively playing international cricket and that players who do so are "going to improve, no doubt", with franchise leagues "fast forward" the growth of cricketers. In December 2015 <mask> was selected by Islamabad United in the 2016 Pakistan Super League draft, the first of three overseas Twenty20 leagues he took part in during 2016. The tournament took place in the United Arab Emirates in February 2016 and was the inaugural season of the competition. <mask> played in five matches for Islamabad, scoring 34 runs with a top score of 26, but saw the opportunity to learn from players such as Australian Test wicket-keeper Brad Haddin as "invaluable". He was retained by Islamabad for the 2017 season, playing in the team's first five matches of the tournament before leaving to join the England ODI team in the Caribbean.In 2018 <mask> was with England in New Zealand at the start of the tournament and, despite joining Islamabad towards the end of the group stage, did not


title: Sam Billings

texts: play a match during the PSL season. <mask> was purchased by Delhi Daredevils in the 2016 Indian Premier League auction in February 2016 for £30,000. He scored 54 runs on his debut for Delhi, helping the team to a victory over Kolkata Knight Riders, before going on to play in four further matches before Delhi were eliminated at the end of the group stage. Despite playing in only five matches in the tournament, <mask> again saw the experience as one which would help him "improve as a player". In particular, he cited the influence of Delhi's coach Rahul Dravid and had approached the IPL, which he rated as a "phenomenal experience", with the intention of developing his skills, particularly against spin bowling. He has credited the experience of working with players from around the world as a major factor in the improvement of his game, from the use of different training methods to eating more effectively. <mask> was retained by Delhi for the 2017 Indian Premier League with the intention of him playing until 1 May in order to return to England to play against Ireland and prepare for the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy.In November 2016 <mask> signed to play for Sydney Sixers in the 2016–17 Big Bash League in Australia. He made his debut for the Sixers in the opening match of the tournament, taking two catches as the team beat Sydney Thunder by nine wickets. After appearing in the Sixers first five matches of the tournament, <mask> left the team to join the England squad in India at the beginning of January 2017. He batted four times for Sydney, averaging 31.25 runs. After playing again for Sydney in the Big Bash League in 2017/18, <mask> was bought by the Chennai Super Kings in the 2018 IPL auction for £71,000. Although he scored a match-winning 56

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