title: Billy White Acre

texts:
 (Sony Pictures), "Love & Sex" (Lions Gate), and "Cookers," (Pacesetter Productions), for which he earned the Best Film Score award at the Milan Int'l Film Festival in 2001. His television credits include shows scored for Discovery, National Geographic, and The History Channel. After a long absence, <mask> has begun performing and record producing again.He produced Adios, his second album for Josh Canova, in 2009. In March 2011, <mask> produced the debut pop song, Legendary for Mr. Downstairs, a band composed of Dani Artaud and <mask>'s daughter, Asia. Discography

Film scores
 Zombie Strippers Cookers Love & Sex Backyard Dogs Beyond The City LimitsTV scores
 Treasure Quest Pawn Stars Access Hollywood NOVA (TV Series)Albums
 Atlantis Ripples (1986)
 Nine Songs (1987)
 Big Planet (1991)
 Raw Things (1993)
 <mask>'s Not Bitter (1996)
 Olympic Swimmer (1998)
 Polywog (1998)
 Love & Destruction (1999)
 Zombie Strippers (2008)
 The Shot Felt 'Round The World (2010)
 The Apple'' (2011)

References

External links
 <mask> Acre's site includes music samples and videos
 Big Planet Music

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Canadian film score composers
Male film score composers
Canadian record producers
Musicians from

masks:
White Acre
White Acre
White Acre
Billy
Billy White


title: Giovanni Botero

type: original

texts:
<mask> (c. 1544 – 1617) was an Italian thinker, priest, poet, and diplomat, author of  Della ragion di Stato (The Reason of State), in ten chapters, printed in Venice in 1589, and of Universal Relations, (Rome, 1591), addressing the world geography and ethnography. With his emphasis that the wealth of cities was caused by adding value to raw materials, <mask> may be considered the ancestor of both Mercantilism and Cameralism. Early life
Born around 1544 in Bene Vagienna, in the northern Italian principality of Piedmont, <mask> was sent to the Jesuit college in Palermo at the age of 15. A year later, he moved to the Roman College, he was introduced to the teaching of some of the most influential Catholic thinkers of the sixteenth century, including Juan Mariana, who, in his On the King and the Education of the King, would argue for the popular overthrow of tyrannical rulers

In 1565, <mask> was sent to teach philosophy and rhetoric at the Jesuit colleges in France, first in Billom, and then in Paris. The second half of the sixteenth century saw the kingdom dramatically, and often violently divided by the French Wars of Religion. Paris especially was heating up during <mask>'s stay there from 1567 to 1569, and he was recalled to Italy after getting too caught up in the excitement, apparently for his involvement in an anti-Spanish protest. <mask> spent the 1570s drifting from one Jesuit college to another, Milan, Padua, Genoa, and then back in Milan.After a doctrinally incorrect sermon he gave questioning the Pope's

masks:
Giovanni Botero
Botero
Botero
Botero
Botero
Botero


title: Giovanni Botero

texts:
 temporal power, he was discharged from the Jesuit order in 1580. Secretary and diplomat
<mask>'s life took a major turn at this time, when he was commissioned by Bishop Carlo Borromeo of Milan as a personal assistant. Borromeo introduced <mask> to the practical side of Church administration, often socializing with the nobility of northern Italy, most notably Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy. When the Bishop died in 1584, <mask> continued his service to the family as assistant to Carlo Borromeo's nephew, Federico. Before his work with Federico began, however, <mask> took part in a diplomatic mission to France on behalf of Charles Emmanuel. For most of 1585, <mask> was in Paris, discussing affairs of the day, and perhaps overhearing the conspiratorial debate on whether the pope would grant license for the French Duke of Guise, assisted by the Duke of Savoy and Philip II of Spain, to kill the French King, so they could then launch a massive offensive against the French and Swiss Calvinists. The license was never granted, and the offensive was postponed and made more modest, but this conspiracy tells of what kind of political debate was being had, and just what kind of trouble there was in 1580s France.Works and thought

By the late 1580s, <mask> had already published a few works, most notably an epic-style poem dedicated to Henry III of France in 1573 and a Latin commentary on Hebrew Scriptures titled On Kingly Wisdom in 1583, but his most important works were yet to come. In 1588, <mask> first published his Delle cause

masks: Botero Botero Botero Botero Botero Botero Botero


title: Giovanni Botero

texts: della grandezza delle città (On the Causes of the Greatness of Cities). Foreshadowing the work of Thomas Malthus, here <mask> outlines the generative and nutritive virtues of a city, the former being the rate of human reproduction, and the latter being the ability of the products of the city and its countryside to maintain the people. Cities grow when their nutritive virtue is greater than the generative, but at the inevitable point when these virtues are inverted, the city begins to die. In 1589, <mask> completed his most famous work, Della ragion di Stato (The Reason of State). In this work, <mask> argues that a prince's power must be based on some form of consent of his subjects, and princes must make every effort to win the people's affection and admiration. This differed from Machiavelli's philosophy in that it is not sufficient to seem like a just prince, for one's true nature will always shine through; one must actually be a just prince by the advice <mask> lays out.<mask>'s idea of justness came from his exposure to Thomist thought and natural law circulating the Jesuit college system, which had been greatly influenced by the work of Dominican theologians Francisco de Vitoria and Domingo de Soto of the School of Salamanca. Thomas Aquinas had argued that God infused each individual with certain natural rights, and by the use of reason, human beings could come together to create just societies. Politically, Aquinas imagined that the people would decide on a suitable king, and invest him with certain powers to

masks: Botero Botero Botero Botero Botero


title: Giovanni Botero

texts: protect them and allow their prosperity. If the king turned tyrant, Aquinas argued, the people were within their natural rights to depose him. This was in direct opposition to the ideas on the God-given absolute sovereignty of kings that were being proffered by Protestant theologians in the early sixteenth century, and by political thinkers like the French jurist Jean Bodin at the end of the century. Indeed, Jean Bodin's influential Six Books of the Republic was an important influence on <mask>'s writing of the Reason of State, even if, as with Machiavelli's Prince, much of that influence was negative. While <mask> disagrees with Bodin's thought on sovereignty, preferring something more popularly based, he does agree with some of Bodin's economic ideas.Nonetheless, <mask>'s overall conception of political economy is again more 'liberal' than that of Bodin, who argued for active participation by kings in the economy of the country, including mercantilist policies that would be enacted wholeheartedly in early modern France by Louis XIV and Colbert. Bodin cautioned kings only against trading with their own subjects; all other economic activity was allowed. <mask>, on the other hand, argued that there were only three cases where the prince could take part in trade: 1) if no private citizen could afford it, 2) if a single private citizen would grow too powerful by the profits of it, or 3) there were some shortfall in supply whereby the prince would have to aid in the distribution of goods. Ultimately, <mask> argued that


title: Giovanni Botero

texts:
 economic activity was unbecoming a prince, and that the people were to be the prime economic mover in the state. Later works, life, and influence
Through the 1590s, <mask> continued in the employ of Federico Borromeo, who would become Archbishop of Milan in 1595. <mask> mixed in the high society of Rome and Milan in these years, and published another work for which he was to become quite well known, the Relazioni Universali. Released in four volumes between 1591 and 1598 (a fifth volume was finally published in the late nineteenth century), the 'relations' of the title referred to those of the 'universal' (Catholic) church in various parts of the world, a treatise on "The Strength of all the Powers of Europe and Asia", and even includes the Americas.The work marks the beginning of demographic studies. Finishing his employment with Federico Borromeo in 1599, <mask> returned to the House of Savoy, to be tutor to three sons of Charles Emmanuel. He would tour Spain with his three charges from 1603 to 1607, no doubt associating with the closest of Philip III's advisors, from whom his ideas would be passed on to Philip IV's most trusted policy-maker, the Count-Duke of Olivares. Here is where <mask>'s work began to have an influence. Olivares seems to have used <mask>'s Reason of State to outline the strategy for preserving the Spanish Empire in his famous Memorial on the Union of Arms. There is also evidence that Duke Maximilian of Bavaria, one of the staunchest political supporters of Catholic reform and a leading figure of


title: Giovanni Botero

texts:
 the Thirty Years' War, had discussed the Reason of State with his advisors. Thus, <mask>'s thought was able to shape at least some of the policy among the European states of the very troubled seventeenth century.<mask>'s work would also influence the next generation of political and economic thinkers. Thomas Mun's liberal mercantilist treatise England's Treasure by Foreign Trade, written in 1624, but not published until 1664, owes something to the Reason of State, and there is evidence that the great Belgian thinker Justus Lipsius read the Reason of State. <mask> died in Turin in 1617. See also
 <mask> (surname). Italian surname. Citations

References
 Aquinas, St. Thomas, On Law, Morality, and Ethics. Edited, with an introduction by William J. Baumgarth and Richard S. Regan.Indianapolis, 1988. Bireley, Robert, The Counter-Reformation Prince: Anti-Machiavellianism or Catholic Statecraft in Early Modern Europe. Chapel Hill, 1990. <mask>, <mask>, The Reason of State, translated by P.J. Waley and D.P. Waley, with notes by D.P. Waley.New Haven, 1956. Brodrick, James, The Economic Morals of the Jesuits. New York, 1972. Grice-Hutchinson, Marjorie, The School of Salamanca: Readings in Spanish Monetary Theory, 1544 - 1605. Oxford, 1952. Hamilton, Bernice, Political Thought in Sixteenth Century Spain. Oxford, 1963.O'Malley, John W., The First Jesuits. Cambridge, 1993. Skinner, Quentin, The Foundations of Modern Political Thought, Vol. I: The Renaissance; Vol. II: The Age of Reformation. Cambridge, 1978. External links

 The

masks: Botero Botero Botero Botero Botero Giovanni


title: Giovanni Botero

texts:
 Greatness of Cities - Full English Text
  Relationi vniuersali di Giouanni Botero Benese diuise in quattro parti'', Vicenza, 1595.The Earthly Structures of Divine Ideas, master's thesis on the influences on <mask>'s political and economic theory

1540s births
1617 deaths
16th-century Italian Jesuits
People from Bene Vagienna
Catholic philosophers
Italian political scientists
Mercantilists
Jesuit


title: Catherine Chatterley

texts: <mask> is a Canadian historian, specializing in the study of modern European history, the Holocaust, and research on antisemitism, and is the founding director of the Canadian Institute for the Study of Antisemitism (CISA). <mask> is Editor-in-Chief of Antisemitism Studies, a journal devoted to the study of antisemitism published by Indiana University Press. She is also President and Chair of FAST Fighting Antisemitism Together. Chatterley appeared in the documentary called "Unmasked: Judeophobia" (2011), where she was one of the scholars interviewed. That same year, she was invited as an expert scholar to participate in the Canadian All-Party Parliamentary Inquiry into Antisemitism, which produced the Ottawa Protocol. Her undergraduate studies included European history and Near Eastern and Judaic Studies at the University of Manitoba, European Intellectual History at Concordia University (Montreal), followed by a doctorate in Modern European and Jewish History, and German-Jewish Literature, which she completed at The University of Chicago under the direction of Moishe Postone and Michael Geyer. Syracuse University Press published her first book, Disenchantment: George Steiner and the Meaning of Western Civilization After Auschwitz, in their series on Religion, Theology, and the Holocaust, edited by Steven T. Katz.Disenchantment was named a 2011 National Jewish Book Award Finalist in the category of Modern Jewish Thought and Experience. Alongside Juan Asensio in France and Ricardo Gil Soeiro in Portugal, <mask> is recognized as a leading scholar of George Steiner, an internationally renowned cultural critic, and has published two chapters in international collections about his work, both edited by Ricardo Gil Soeiro. Steiner died on

masks:
Catherine Chatterley
Chatterley
Chatterley


title: Catherine Chatterley

texts:
 February 3, 2020, and Chatterley wrote an obituary for the Times of Israel. As the founding director of CISA, <mask> was invited to be a member of the official government delegation to Israel in January 2014. From 2002 to 2008 Chatterley taught history at the University of Winnipeg and from 2007 to 2018 at the University of Manitoba. Founding of CISA
Chatterley created the Canadian Institute for the Study of Antisemitism (CISA) in the summer of 2010 to "help facilitate the scholarly study of antisemitism and to educate Canadians about the phenomenon in its classical and contemporary forms." CISA is the first national academic institution in Canada dedicated to the scholarly study of a subject that is usually addressed by political advocacy organizations.It is the only such institution in the world founded by a non-Jewish scholar. The Institute sponsors the leading academic periodical on the subject. Antisemitism Studies is published by Indiana University Press and <mask> is Editor-in-Chief. Involvement in public debates
<mask> was involved in the public debate over the place of a permanent Holocaust gallery proposed for the Canadian Museum for Human Rights (CMHR), scheduled to open in Winnipeg in September 2014. In an editorial criticizing the attempt to remove the proposed Holocaust gallery from the museum, she stated, "the problem with the CMHR is it is mired in the politics of Canadian ethnic identity rather than rooted in the scholarly study of genocide, Holocaust, and human rights. Subjective feelings are influencing content and design choices rather than objective historical and legal reality and this does not bode well for the international reputation of this institution." This article also described the offensive UCCLA


title: Catherine Chatterley

texts:
 Chatterley expressed her hope that an "intelligent and responsible scholarly approach" would be followed by all university administrations in Canada and worldwide. Lloyd Axworthy, the president of the University of Winnipeg, invited <mask> to lecture on the subject of antisemitism during Middle East Week in March 2013. As a scholar of German history and the Holocaust, Chatterley was consulted in 2014 about the problem of stolen art in Canadian museum collections. Heritage Canada has sponsored the Holocaust-era Provenance Research and Best-Practice Guidelines Project, through which they investigated six art galleries in Canada including the Winnipeg Art Gallery. Chatterley has also critiqued comments made by religion writer Karen Armstrong in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo and Kosher Grocery murders in Paris.In a Dutch interview, Armstrong claimed that the murders of French Jews by the Hebdo terrorists had nothing to do with antisemitism: "The supermarket attack in Paris was about Palestine, about ISIS. It had nothing to do with antisemitism; many of them are Semites themselves. But they attempt to conquer Palestine and we're not talking about that. We're too implicated and we don't know what to do with it." In response, <mask> wrote a critical op-ed for The Huffington Post correcting her historical and conceptual errors and arguing that the murders of Jews in Paris had everything to do with antisemitism. Publications
"Canada's Struggle with Holocaust Memorialization: The War Museum Controversy, Ethnic Identity Politics, and the Canadian Museum for Human Rights," Holocaust and Genocide Studies (2015) 29 (2): 189-211. Disenchantment: The Meaning of Western Civilization After Auschwitz (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2011)
"The

masks:
Catherine Chatterley
Chatterley


title: Catherine Chatterley

texts:
 Antisemitic Imagination," in Global Antisemitism: A Crisis of Modernity, edited by Charles Asher Small (Leiden: Brill, 2013)
"Language, Humanity, and the Holocaust: The Steinerian Triad," in The Wounds of Possibility: Essays on George Steiner, edited by Ricardo Gil Soeiro (UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012)
"We Come After: The Holocaust in Steinerian Thought, 1952-1971," in O Pensamento Tornado Danca.Estudos em Torno do Pensamento de George Steiner, edited by Ricardo Gil Soeiro (Lisbon: Roma Editora, 2009): 96-113.
Review of Derek Penslar, "Jews and the Military: A History," American Historical Review (2014) 119 (4): 1207-1209.
Review of Alvin Rosenfeld, editor, "Resurgent Antisemitism: Global Perspectives," Jewish Political Studies Review (Spring 5773/2013), Volume 25, Numbers 1 & 2.
Review of Ruth Klein, editor, "Nazi Germany, Canadian Responses: Confronting Antisemitism in the Shadow of War," Journal for the Study of Antisemitism (December 2012): 747-751.
Review of Alon Confino, "Germany as a Culture of Remembrance: Promises and Limits of Writing History," The Hedgehog Review (Summer 2007): 75-78. Her book, Disenchantment: George Steiner and the Meaning of Western Civilization After Auschwitz, is an intellectual biography of the literary critic. It focuses on his neglected writings on the Holocaust and antisemitism, and explains how and when the Holocaust enters Western consciousness in the decades after World War II. References

External links
<mask>'s website
Canadian Institute for the Study of Antisemitism (CISA)

Living people
Writers from Winnipeg
University of Manitoba alumni
University of Chicago alumni
Historians of the Holocaust
Historians of Nazism
Canadian women historians
Scholars of antisemitism
Year of birth


title: David Randall Hertz

texts:
<mask> (born October 6, 1960) is an American architect, inventor and educator. He is known for his work in sustainable architecture and as an early innovator in the development of recycled building materials. Biography
<mask> was born on October 6, 1960 in Daly City, CA to parents Joanne and <mask>. The family moved to Los Angeles when Hertz was 6 months old and he grew up Venice and Malibu. Hertz got his start in architecture at a young age. In high school Hertz often sneaked into construction sites because of his interest in buildings. After being caught by a property owner, he was introduced to the building's designer, famed Los Angeles architect John Lautner.<mask> apprenticed under Lautner for four years. After receiving a degree from the Southern California Institute of Architecture in 1980, <mask> went on to work in the office of Frank Gehry before founding his firm, Syndesis, in 1983. That year, <mask> developed Syndecrete, a form of concrete that incorporates post-consumer and industrial waste, such as polypropylene carpet fibers and fly ash. It is lighter than traditional concrete and may have other waste products such as wood, crushed glass, or plastic chips added for decoration. In 1995 MoMA included Syndecrete in the "Mutant Materials in Contemporary Design" exhibit. In 2004, <mask> became Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certified. In 2007 he founded Studio of Environmental Architecture SEA, based in Venice Beach, California.SEA focuses on environmentally sustainable buildings, including high-efficiency lighting and water systems, solar panels, and solar water heating. In 2008 the prestigious American Institute of Architects recognized <mask> as FAIA Fellow. The fellowship is the highest membership honor for architects for their exceptional work and contributions to architecture and society. <mask> was the youngest member selected in AIA's 152-year history. <mask> is involved in constructing environmentally beneficial residences and commercial

masks:
David Randall Hertz
David Randall Hertz
Robert Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz


title: David Randall Hertz

texts:
 buildings, primarily in and around Venice, California. His architectural and material work has been exhibited internationally. <mask>'s recent speaking engagements include a presentation at TEDx in 2013 and 2015 promoting sustainability and green building.In 2014, American Institute of Architects (AIA) featured residences designed and built by <mask> in the Los Angeles Monograph Tour. In 2015, KCRW featured <mask> in their Art Talk episode "Daring and Inspirational Architecture Around the World". In 2016, he spoke at the Greenbuild Expo in Los Angeles on historical and cutting-edge technology of extracting drinking water from the air. In 2015 ORO Editions published a monograph titled "The Restorative Home: Ecological Houses by <mask>," which focuses on residential homes Hertz designed throughout his career. In 2016 a team led by <mask> won the Grand Prize of the Water Abundance XPRIZE. The competition's goal was to make more than 2,000 liters of water in 24 hours using 100% renewable energy at the cost of less than 2 cents/ liter. In April 2017, <mask> sold his home residence known as "Californication House" for US$14.6 million  and purchased Tony Duquette's former property in Malibu.<mask> and his wife Laura Doss-<mask>  have partnered with the GO Campaign to fund sustainable water projects worldwide. <mask> is a board member of Heal The Bay, an environmental advocacy group based in Santa Monica, California. <mask> was featured on AppleTV+'s Home (2020 TV series) Episode 8. Home guides the audience inside the world’s most extraordinary homes and unveils the boundary-pushing imagination of the visionaries who dared to dream and build them. Notable projects
<mask>'s home residence in Venice was built in two phases and completed in 2003. It consists of four structures connected by enclosed bridges, inspired by Balinese architecture. Hertz designed the building as a testbed for many environmentally conscious building ideas.The house has rooftop solar heating panels for water, radiant

masks:
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
David Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz
Hertz


title: David Randall Hertz

texts: heating, sustainable woods used throughout, and extensive use of his custom concrete, Syndecrete. Additionally, <mask> designed the large Syndecrete walls to work as a solar sink, absorbing the sun's heat during the day and slowly releasing it at night. The house has been featured in multiple commercials and TV shows, most prominently in the Californication (TV series). In 2010 Hertz completed the renovation of an existing 45,000 square foot concrete warehouse for Mullin Automotive Museum in Oxnard, California. The museum holds a personal car collection of philanthropist Peter W. Mullin. Hertz added daylight and natural ventilation monitors, a solar photovoltaic roof, a green roof with a new elevator penthouse, and wind turbines to make the building more sustainable. Other additions included new and vintage Art Deco elements to keep in tune with the collection of 1920's and '30s automobiles.2021 The Mullin Automotive Museum was selected as the Museum of the Year by Octane Magazine at the Historic Motoring Awards. In 2013, <mask> completed his most ambitious and widely recognized project, the 747 Wing House in the Santa Monica Mountains. The house is built from a mothballed Boeing 747-100 airplane. The project was highly complex and required permits from 17 different government agencies and required CH-47 Chinook cargo helicopter to transport plane sections to the remote building site. Using large sections of prefabricated material, Hertz reduced the greenhouse emissions that bringing raw materials and removing waste material would have caused. The 747 Wing House has been featured in multiple magazine articles since its building process, and many fashion and editorial shoots have taken place there. The Netflix show The World's Most Extraordinary Homes featured the 747 Wing House on its pilot episode.The 747 Wing House was named as one of the world's most beautiful buildings. Another example of <mask>'s creative use of unusual building materials is the "Panel House," in Venice Beach,

masks: Hertz Hertz Hertz


title: David Randall Hertz

texts:
 California. The building's skin is made of prefabricated refrigeration panels, with a 6-inch thick foam core skinned with thin aluminum. Each panel is 30 inches wide x 30 feet tall and light enough for two people to install each one. The dull aluminum finish subtly changes with the colors of the sky. The house was constructed like a miniature skyscraper, utilizing a heavy metal frame in a poured-concrete base, making weight-bearing walls unnecessary. Large, automated windows provide ocean views from almost anywhere in the house.In 2009, the Panel House earned the Chicago Athenaeum Museum of Architecture and Design's American Architecture Award. In 2018, a team led by <mask> won the Water Abundance XPRIZE competition  with WEDEW, by achieving the X PRIZE foundation's goal of producing at least 2,000 liters of water in a single day for no more than two cents per liter. In 2020, Time (Magazine) selected WEDEW as one of The 100 Best Inventions of 2020. In 2021 Hertz completed The Sail House in Bequia, a small island in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The Sail House is a dappled array of structures, consisting of a primary residence and several guesthouses. The house has multiple sustainable features, including stormwater collection, reclaimed wood, passive ventilation, and photovoltaic panels. The prefabricated house pays homage to local maritime traditions and employs sustainability as its core concept.The Sail House was selected as the 2021 Jury Winner in Architizer A+Award, in Private House (XL >6000 sq ft category. PMCA Pasadena Museum of Contemporary Art Action / Reaction

2008
 Elected to the College of Fellows of the American Institute of Architects

2007
 SCI ARC distinguished Alumni Award

1996
 Museum of Modern Art in New York: Syndecrete included in Permanent Collection

Notes

1960 births
Living people
Architects from Los Angeles
People from Venice, Los Angeles
Sustainability advocates
Sustainable building in the United States
20th-century American architects
21st-century


title: Adalbert Gyrowetz

texts:
Vojtěch Matyáš Jírovec (<mask>) (20 February 1763 – 19 March 1850) was a Bohemian composer. He mainly wrote instrumental works, with a great production of string quartets and symphonies; his operas and singspiele numbered more than 30, including Semiramide (1791), Der Augenarzt (1811), and Robert, oder Die Prüfung (1815). Biography
<mask> was born 20 February 1763 in České Budějovice (Budweis). His father was the choirmaster in the cathedral there, and <mask> first studied with him. He then travelled to Prague, where he studied law but continued to learn music. At around this time Gyrowetz was in the employ of Count Franz von Fünfkirchen in Brno, whose employees were all musicians. Here he started composing (among other things) symphonies, of which he was eventually to write more than 60.In 1785 he moved to Vienna and met Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who performed one of <mask>'s symphonies in the same year. From 1786 to around 1793, he travelled throughout Europe. He spent some time in Paris, where he established that some symphonies that had been published as the work of Joseph Haydn were in fact his work. He spent three years in Italy, meeting Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in Rome and studying with Nicola Sala in Naples. In 1791 he met Haydn, whom he idolized, in London. While in London, he was

masks:
Adalbert Gyrowetz
Gyrowetz
Adalbert
Gyrowetz


title: Adalbert Gyrowetz

texts:
 commissioned by Johann Peter Salomon to compose symphonies to be performed at Salomon's Hanover Square Rooms concerts. <mask> moved back to Vienna and in 1804 was appointed Vice-kapellmeister of the Court Theatre.Gyrowetz was an important part of Viennese musical society well into the 1820s and even arranged the piano reduction of Rossini's Zelmira in 1822. He was one of the pallbearers at Beethoven's funeral in 1827. Gyrowetz died 19 March 1850 in Vienna. 0, No. 1
 Symphony in B-flat major, Op. 0, No. 2
 Symphony in D major, Op.0, No. 3
 Symphony in E-flat major, Op. 6, No. 2, 'Jupiter'
 Symphony in F major, Op. 6, No. 3
 Symphony in E-flat major, Op. 8, 'Great'
 Symphony in D major, Op.9, No. 1
 Symphony in F major, Op. 9, No. 3
 Symphony in D major, Op. 13, No. 1
 Symphony in C major, Op. 13, No.3
 Symphony in C major, Op. 23, No. 3
 Symphony in D major, Op. 24, No. 1

About 60 string quartets, including:

Three String Quartets, Op. 1a: C major, G major, B-flat major
Six String Quartets, Op. 2
Three String Quartets, Op.3: D major, G major, E-flat major
Six String Quartets, Op. 4
Three String Quartets, Op. 13: D major, C major, E-flat major
Three String Quartets, Op. 16
Six String Quartets, Op. 17: F major, G minor, G major
Three String Quartets, Op. 19: (No. 2 also for Flute


title: Adalbert Gyrowetz

texts:
 Flute Trios, Op. 4 or 6 or 11 (?) Adagio for Oboe and Orchestra, Op. 9
Three Flute Quartets, Op.11 (1795): D major, G major, C major
Piano Concerto in F, Op. 26 (1796)
Dritte Nachtmusik/Nocturne No. 3 for Flute Quartet, Op. 26
Flute Quintet in E minor, Op. 39 (1800)
Grand Trio Concertante in E-flat major for Clarinet, Cello and Piano, Op. 43
String Quintet in C major (2 violins, 2 violas, and cello), Op. 45
Piano Concerto in B flat, Op.49 (1800)
Variations faciles sur la marche de l'opéra Raoul Barbe-Bleue pour piano

Recordings

 Symphony In E-flat Major and F Major, Op. 6 Nº. 2 and 3
 Three Flute Quartets. Op. 11. Nº 1, 2 and 3
 Symphony In D Major, Op. 12 Nº.1
 Three String Quartets. Op. 29 Nº. 2; Op. 13 Nº. 1; Op. 29 Nº.1  (2013)
 Grand Trio Concertante. Op. 43
 Three String Quartets. Op. 44

References
Notes

Sources

<mask>, <mask>, "Autobiography", 1848, published by Alfred Einstein in 1915; Czech translation, Vlastní životopis Vojtěcha Jírovce, by František Bartoš published in 1940 by František Topič; English translation by Renee Anna Illa, Ph. D. dissertation, Kent State University, 2000. Hettrick, William E., "The Autobiography of <mask> <mask> (1763 - 1850)."Studien zur Musikwissenschaft 40 (1991), pp. 41–74. Kennedy, Michael and Bourne, Joyce, Eds. Oxford Concise Dictionary of

masks: Gyrowetz Adalbert Adalbert Gyrowetz


title: Adalbert Gyrowetz

texts:
 Music, Fourth Edition, 1996 (2004 reprint with new information in some entries). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. . p. 311. Smith, Gary, <mask> <mask> (1763-1850), Mozart Forum, 2004. <mask> <mask>: Divertissement for Piano, Violin/Flute, Cello, Op.50, Lippstadt: Kistner & Siegel, 1950. Eisen, Cliff, ed., <mask> Gyrowetz: String Quintet in C, A-R Editions, 1998. Mullerova, Vera, ed., <mask> Gyrowetz: 12 Walzer, Prague: Edition Praga, 1969/1998. November, Nancy, ed., <mask> Gyrowetz: Three Quartets, Op. 29, Steglein, 2016. Rice, John A., ed., <mask> Gyrowetz: Four Symphonies (in C, F, Eb, D), New York: Garland, 1983. Sutcliffe, W. Dean, ed., <mask> Gyrowetz: Three Quartets, Op.44, Steglein, 2004. Sutcliffe, W. Dean, ed., <mask> Gyrowetz: Three Quartets, Op. 42, Steglein, 2016. External links
 The Michael Haydn Project Information on the lesser-known composers of the Classical Era

1763 births
1850 deaths
Austrian classical composers
Austrian people of Czech descent
Ballet composers
Classical-period composers
Czech classical composers
Austrian male classical composers
Austrian opera composers
Male opera composers
Musicians from České Budějovice
Czech opera composers
Czech male classical composers
String quartet composers
19th-century Czech male musicians
19th-century Austrian

masks: Adalbert Gyrowetz Adalbert Gyrowetz Adalbert Adalbert Adalbert Adalbert Adalbert Adalbert


title: Duncan K. McRae

texts:
<mask> (August 16, 1820 – February 12, 1888) was an American politician from North Carolina. After studying law, he served as attorney, diplomat and state legislator. He was an officer in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, the wounds received in it complicating his later life. <mask> was also a newspaper editor. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Fayetteville, North Carolina, the son of <mask> (1793–1880), Fayetteville's postmaster in the 1840s and 1850s. In 1825 the five-years old <mask> held the welcome speech at the visit of the Marquis de Lafayette. He attended the University of Virginia, located in Charlottesville, and the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg.Back in North Carolina he studied law under Judge Robert Strange, was admitted to the bar in 1841 and briefly practiced in Oxford before becoming a courier to Mexico for the State Department. Political career
In 1842 young <mask> was elected into the North Carolina House of Commons as Democratic representative for his native Cumberland County; serving a single term until 1843. Then he became a U.S. District Attorney, gaining a reputation as sharp lawmen and outstanding speaker. Partnering with Perrin Busbee he founded a short-lived newspaper, the Democratic Signal, in 1843. It was based in Raleigh, where he had moved to. He resigned in 1850 and moved to Wilmington the next year. <mask> served as Consul to Paris with the U.S.Ambassador to France during the administration of U.S. President Franklin Pierce from 1853 to 1857; he then relocated to New Bern. In 1858 he became a candidate for the governorship of North Carolina. He left the

masks:
Duncan Kirkland McRae
McRae
McRae
John McRae
Duncan
McRae
McRae


title: Duncan K. McRae

texts:
 Democratic Party and gained support from remnants of the Whig Party, but was criticized for his changing political positions. He became an Independent Democrat campaigning as the Land Distribution Democratic nominee, calling for public lands given by North Carolina to the federal government in 1790 to be sold and the money granted to North Carolina. He lost his candidacy to John Willis Ellis by a wide margin. Civil War
When the American Civil War began Governor Ellis, shortly before he died in office, appointed <mask> as commanding officer of the 5th North Carolina Infantry Regiment with the rank of Colonel in the Confederate States Army. During July the regiment was sent northwards to join the Army of the Potomac and was assigned to the brigade of Brig.Gen.James Longstreet. It participated in the First Battle of Manassas though <mask> was absent ill. He commanded his regiment, now in the brigade of Jubal Early, during the Peninsula Campaign and fought in the Battle of Williamsburg. There he was wounded while leading a charge against troops under Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock. As the wound was only minor he stayed on the field and temporarily took command of the brigade when Gen. Early was wounded; later relinquishing command to Samuel Garland Jr. <mask> fought in the Seven Days Battles but afterwards sickness and complications from his wound forced him leave his unit again. Colonel <mask> was able to return in time to command his regiment during the Maryland Campaign.He took over the brigade again after the death of Samuel Garland Jr. at South Mountain, leading it into the maelstrom of the Battle of Antietam where it nearly

masks: McRae McRae McRae McRae


title: Duncan K. McRae

texts:
 perished. <mask> himself was badly wounded but again stayed with his command until after the battle when he was hospitalized. When the recuperating colonel was passed over for promotion, the later going to Alfred Iverson Jr., he resigned his commission; effective on November 13, 1862. <mask> wrote letters describing the actions of the Maryland Campaign that survived as of today. In particular, he noted that at the Battle of South Mountain he was able to keep Garland's brigade fighting for two more hours after Samuel Garland death. At Antietam, he admitted that, "the unaccountable panic occurred, when I was left along on the field, with only Capatin Withers of Caswell and perhaps one other officer, and I had just gotten off, when I encountered ... General Lee, and it was while, with him I was trying to get some men out of the Hay Stacks that a piece of shell struck me in the forehead." In 1863 the new Governor of North Carolina, Zebulon B. Vance, appointed <mask> a special envoy and purchase agent; sending him to southern Europe to find a market for cotton and to procure supplies.After his return, and a failed run for the Confederate Congress, McRae found another Raleigh-based newspaper, The Confederate. Later life
When the war ended <mask> moved to Memphis, Tennessee, practiced law as partner of McRae & Sneed and published a law journal. After 14 years in Tennessee he moved back to Wilmington. In 1880 McRae gave a speech in favor of Winfield S. Hancock, his former adversary during the Battle of Williamsburg, when Hancock was running for the U.S. presidency. He became a bitter critic of the Civil War, though in private, writing on


title: Duncan K. McRae

texts:
 August 21, 1885 to D.H. Hill, who queried him on the battles of the past:

<mask>'s frail health and reappearing complications from his war wounds made him relocate - first to Chicago, then to New York City. He died in Brooklyn on February 12, 1888, and was buried on Woodlawn Cemetery. <mask> married Louise Virginia Henry, the daughter of Judge Louis D. Henry of Raleigh, on October 8, 1845.They had three daughters; <mask>, Virginia Henry, and Marie. See also

 List of College of William & Mary alumni
 List of University of Virginia people
 List of people from North Carolina
 North Carolina in the American Civil War

References

Further reading
 Clark, Walter. Fifth Regiment. In Histories of the Several Regiments and Battalions from North Carolina, in the Great War 1861-1865. Raleigh: E.M. Uzzell, Printer and Binder. 1901, p. 281-285. Appendix to the life and times of <mask><mask> by George N. Sanders with his letter of resignation to Governor Vance as colonel of the 5th North Carolina Regiment, collection of the Boston Athenaeum

External links

1820 births
1888 deaths
Place of death missing
19th-century American diplomats
19th-century American newspaper founders
19th-century American politicians
American expatriates in France
College of William & Mary alumni
Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives
Confederate States Army officers
People from Chicago
Politicians from Fayetteville, North Carolina
People from Memphis, Tennessee
Politicians from Raleigh, North Carolina
Politicians from Wilmington, North Carolina
People of North Carolina in the American Civil War
Presidency of Franklin Pierce
University of Virginia

masks:
McRae
Family McRae
Margaret Kirkland
Duncan K
. McRae


title: Mohamed Barakatullah Bhopali

texts:
<mask>, known with his honorific as Maulana Barkatullah (7 July 1854 – 20 September 1927), was an  Indian revolutionary with sympathy for the Pan-Islamic movement. Barkatullah was born on 7 July 1854 at Itwra Mohalla Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh, India. He fought from outside India, with fiery speeches and revolutionary writings in leading newspapers, for the independence of India. He did not live to see India independent. He died at San Francisco in 1927 and buried at Sacramento City Cemetery California. In 1988, Bhopal University was renamed Barkatullah University in his honour. He was also Prime Minister of first Provisional Government of India established at Afghanistan in 1915.Early life

Policy of revolution
While in England he came in close contact with Lala Hardayal and Raja Mahendra Pratap, son of the Raja of Hathras. He became a friend of Afghan Emir and the editor of the Kabul newspaper Sirejul-ul-Akber'. He was one of the founders of the Ghadar Party in 1913 at San Francisco. Later he became the first prime minister of the Provisional Government of India established on 1 December 1915 in Kabul with Raja Mahendra Pratap as its president. In England, in 1897, <mask> was seen attending meetings of the Muslim Patriotic League. Here, he came across other revolutionary compatriots around Shyamji Krishnavarma. After about a year spent in America, in February 1904 he left for Japan, where he was appointed Professor of Hindustani at the University of Tokyo.In the autumn of 1906, at 1 West 34th Street in New York City, a Pan-Aryan Association was formed by <mask> and Samuel Lucas Joshi, a Maratha Christian, son of the late Reverend Lucas Maloba Joshi; it was supported by the Irish revolutionaries of the Clan-na-Gael, the anti-British lawyer Myron H. Phelps and of the equally anti-British Swami Abhedananda who continued the work of Swami Vivekananda. According to a report in the Gaelic American, in June 1907, a

masks:
Mohamed Barakatullah Bhopali
Barakatullah
Barakatullah


title: Mohamed Barakatullah Bhopali

texts:
 meeting of Indians, held in New York,  passed resolutions “repudiating the right of any foreigner (Mr. Morley) to dictate the future of the Indian people, urging their countrymen to depend upon themselves alone and especially on boycott and swadeshi, condemning the deportation of Lajpat Rai and Ajit Singh, and expressing detestation of the action of the British authorities in openly instigating one class of Indians against another at Jamalpur and other places." (Source: Ker, p225). More vehement was his letter in Persian, which appeared in the Urdu Mualla of Aligarh, U.P., in May 1907, in which <mask> strongly advocated the necessity for unity between Hindus and Muslims, and defined the two chief duties of Muslims as patriotism and friendship with all Muslims outside India. This prophetic argument preceded by four years  the publication of Germany and the Coming War, by Bernhardi,  warning  England to be aware of the extreme danger represented by the unity of Hindu and Muslim extremists in Bengal, as reported by the Rowlatt Commission (Chapter VII). He thought that the performance of both these duties depended entirely upon one rule of conduct, namely concord and unity with the Hindus of India in all political matters. (Ker, p226).On 16 August 1908 arrived from Kolkata Bhupendra Nath Datta,  Vivekananda’s  hot-blooded brother. Invited by George Freeman to edit the Free Hindustan from the Gaelic American newspaper office, Taraknath Das went to New York to join his old colleague Datta. In March 1909 <mask> left again for Japan. Activities in Japan
Early in 1910, he started the Islamic Fraternity in Tokyo. In June–July 1911 he left for Constantinople and Petrograd, returned to Tokyo in October and published an article referring to the advent of a great pan-Islamic Alliance including Afghanistan which he expected to become  "the future Japan of Central Asia". In December he converted to Islam three Japanese: his

masks: Barakatullah Barakatullah


title: Mohamed Barakatullah Bhopali

texts:
 assistant  Hassan U. Hatanao, his wife, and her father, Baron Kentaro Hiki. This is said to be the first conversion to Islam in Japan.In 1912, <mask> “became at once more fluent in his use of the English language and more anti-British in his tone,” observes Ker (p133). Discussing in his paper the “Christian Combination against Islam,” <mask> singled out the Emperor William of Germany as really the one man “who holds the peace of the world as well as the war in the hollow of his hand : it is the duty of the Muslims to be united, to stand by the Khalif; with their life and property, and to side with Germany.”  Quoting a Roman poet, <mask> reminded that the Anglo-Saxons had been sea-wolves, living on the pillage of the world. The difference in modern times was the added “refinement of hypocrisy which sharpens the edge of brutality.” On 6 July 1912, the entry of the paper into India was prohibited, before the Japanese Government suppressed it. Meanwhile, since September, copies of another paper called El Islam appeared in India, continuing <mask>’s political propaganda. On 22 March 1913 its importation was prohibited in India. In June 1913, copies were received in India of a lithographed Urdu pamphlet, "The Sword is the Last Resort". On 31 March 1914 <mask>’s teaching appointment  was terminated by the Japanese authorities.It was followed by another similar leaflet, Feringhi ka Fareb (“The Deceit of the English”) : according to Ker (p135), “it surpassed in violence <mask>’s previous productions, and was modelled more on the style of the publications of the Gadhar party of San Francisco with whom <mask> now threw in his lot.”

The Ghadar episode

In May 1913, G. D. Kumar had sailed from San Francisco for the Philippines and had written from Manila to Tarak Nath Das : “I am going to establish base at Manila (P.I.) forwarding Depôt, supervise the work near China, Hong Kong, Shanghai. Professor <mask> is all right in

masks: Barakatullah Barakatullah Barakatullah Barakatullah Barakatullah Barakatullah Barakatullah Barakatullah


title: Mohamed Barakatullah Bhopali

texts:
 Japan.” (Ker, p237). On 22 May 1914, <mask> returned to San Francisco with Bhagwan Singh (alias Natha Singh), the granthi (priest) of the Sikh temple at Hong Kong and joined the Yugantar Ashram and worked with Tarak Nath Das. With the outbreak of the War in August 1914, meetings were held at all the principal centres of the Indian population from Asia in California and Oregon and funds were raised to go back to India and join the insurrection : <mask>, Bhagwan Singh and Ram Chandra Bharadwaj were among the speakers. (Portland (Oregon) Telegram, 7 August 1914; Fresno Republican, 23 September 1914). Reaching Berlin on time, <mask> met Chatto  or Virendranath Chattopadhyaya and sided Raja Mahendra Pratap in the Mission to Kabul.Their role was significant in indoctrinating with anti-British feelings the Indian prisoners of war held by Germany. They arrived at Herat on 24 August 1915 and were given a royal reception by the Governor. Government of Free India

On 1 December 1915, Pratap's 28th birthday, he established the first Provisional Government of India at Kabul in Afghanistan, during First World War. It was a government-in-exile of Free Hindustan with Raja Mahendra Pratap as president, Maulana Barkatullah, Prime Minister, Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi, Home Minister. Anti-British forces supported his movement. But, for some obvious loyalty to the British,  the Amir kept on delaying the expedition. Then they attempted to establish relations with foreign powers.” (Ker, p305).In Kabul, the Siraj-ul-Akhbar in its issue of 4 May 1916 published Raja Mahendra Pratap’s version of the Mission and its objective. He stated: "His Imperial Majesty the Kaiser himself granted me an audience. Subsequently, having set right the problem of India and Asia with the Imperial German Government, and having received the necessary credentials, I started towards the East. I had interviews with the Khedive of Egypt and with the Princes and

masks: Barakatullah Barakatullah Barakatullah


title: Jaklin Zlatanova

texts:
<mask>va (, born 25 September 1988) is a Bulgarian female basketball player currently competing for WBC Beroe in the Bulgarian League. Zlatanova is considered to be among the most talented athletes in the country which in the past used to be among the most successful nations in the European female basketball. <mask>va was born on 25 September 1988 in the capital Sofia, where she spent most of her childhood in the family with long-run basketball tradition. Her mother Krassimira Banova had been a very successful basketball player, and with the team of Levski(Sofia) she won Euro league competition in 1984, Ronchetti cup in 1979 and other awards as well before she retired. National team: 2003–2021

Zlatanova has been part of the Bulgarian national team since 2003 when she competed for the first time with the Cadettes team on the European Championship Challenge Round. Since then she has played more than 100 games with the youth and women's representative team of the country. However, Bulgaria has not played in the European Championship for more than 20 years despite the efforts of three generations of female basketball players.Due to the three major injuries in the period, 2012-2014 Zlatanova missed one Round of the European Qualifications in 2014. The last time she took part of the official's games, during the EuroBasket campaign in 2013, she was the top scorer for her team with an average of 14.1 Points, 6.1 Rebounds and 1.5 Assist per game. Bulgarian National team statistics

Club career: 2005–2021

Most of her career Zlatanova has spent abroad, mainly in French and Spanish teams. In 2005 she was part of the Tarbes GB in southwest France where she made her debut on the European scene in the Euroleague competition. Having spent four years in the club (2005-2008), Zlatanova decided to move to Spain in Extrugasa's team at the beginning of 2009 season. She played in the EuroCup competition with an average of 14.3 points, 2.8 rebounds and 0.8 assists per game. In the following season 2010-2011, she joined the Grand Canaria's team.Following up on the former success, the squad took part in the Eurocup

masks:
Jaklin Dencheva Zlatano
Jaklin Zlatano


title: Jaklin Zlatanova

texts:
 competition with Zlatanova being one of the most important players with an average of 11.2 points, 7.4 rebounds and 1.4 assists per game. With the relatively young club Mann Filter Zaragoza, she began her seventh consecutive season in the European competitions, eventually ending up with an average of 10.2 points, six rebounds and 1.4 assists per game. Moreover, the most significant step in athlete's career was when she signed Rival Ecopolis in 2013. Unfortunately, during the training period, before the official start of the season, the athlete underwent rapture of the Achilles tendon which was the first out of three serious injuries. After four months of recovering she was able to play just a couple of games before the second intervention on the same leg. Having missed the entire season, <mask> Zlatanova decided to go back to Bulgaria, where she signed contract with Dunav 8806 Ruse in 2013. The first couple of rehabilitation months went very well, and she was even able to compete in the Eurocup again, becoming the most important player on the team with an average of 12.4 points, 6.2 rebounds and 1.4 assists per game.The end of the remaining season was over when she got injured her left knee and underwent an operation in January 2014. Season 2013–2014

After ten years abroad Zlatanova returned home for the season 2013-2014 with the team of Dunav 8806 Ruse. The club confirmed their participation in the EuroCup, and the presence in the composition of Zlatanova gave them great hopes for good performance. Unfortunately, the existence of strong clubs from Turkey and Russia left the inexperienced team of Dunav 8806 at the bottom of the points table, and they had to focus their efforts only on the local league. Having recovered from the second Achilles tendon operation, Zlatanova was very close to becoming one of the most important players in the squad but unlucky she injured her left knee in one of the last games before the Christmas break. The medical examinations showed rupture of the ties of her knee, and she underwent a new intervention in early 2014. For the entire season, 2013-2014 <mask> Zlatanova

masks: Jaklin Jaklin


title: Jaklin Zlatanova

texts:
 participated in 11 games with an average of 12.4 points, 5.2 rebounds and 1.5 assists per game.Meanwhile, Dunav 8806 Ruse continued competing in the league, being in position for the gold medal. Without Zlatanova they managed to defeat the strong team of Levski Sofia and to become the champions for the fourth time in their history. Season 2014–2015

After a long recovery, which lasted nearly nine months, the athlete was ready for her second season with the Dunav 8806. She played 31 games of the regular season and playoffs in 27 of which she has started. For the entire season, Zlatanova scored an average of 11.3 points, 7.4 rebounds, and 2.5 assists. Also, the lineup took part in the Bulgarian Cup competition where was eliminated in the semifinals, but Zlatanova reinforced its strong position by becoming one of the top three scorers of the tournament. However, this was not enough for her team, and competitors from Ruse won only the bronze medal.Just a month later the basketball players had the opportunity to revenge for the loss, and in the final playoff series against Neftohimik Bourgas, they eventually won the title after 3-0 in the series. Season 2015–2016

Season 2017–2018

The magical trio is now back! Having missed out the entire 2016-2017 season due to the pregnancy, Zlatanova joined Gaby Ocete and Pao Ferrari and started her second season with the jersey of Mann Filer Stadium Casablanca. Season 2019–2020

In 2019 <mask> signed with WBC Beroe, which is competing in the National Women's Basketball leagues in Bulgaria. Below is her statistics for the current season. WBC Beroe also participates in the WABA League, which is the regional basketball league, featuring female teams from Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Slovenia, and Croatia. For the season 2019-2020, Zlatanova has played 12 games with 8.8 points per game and nine rebounds.See the statistics below. Season 2020–2021

In the current 2020-2021 season, Zlatanova renewed her contract with the team of WBC Beroe. However, due to the KOVID19 pandemic, the women's basketball league competitions in Bulgaria have been


title: Peter Boettke

texts:
<mask> (; born January 3, 1960) is an American economist of the Austrian School. He is currently a professor of economics and philosophy at George Mason University; the BB&T Professor for the Study of Capitalism, vice president for research, and director of the F.A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics at the Mercatus Center at GMU. Early life and education
<mask> was born and raised in Rahway, New Jersey, to Fred and <mask>. In high school and college, he played for the school basketball and tennis teams. He attended Thiel College in Greenville, Pennsylvania and later Grove City College in nearby Grove City, Pennsylvania. At Grove City, he became interested in economics when he took a course taught by Hans Sennholz, and there that he developed his religious convictions.After completing a B.A. (1983) in economics at Grove City, <mask> attended George Mason University where he earned an M.A. (1987) and a Ph.D. (1989) in economics. His thesis was The political economy of Soviet socialism, 1918–1928 under the supervision of Don Lavoie. Career
After receiving his doctoral degree, <mask> taught at several institutions, including Oakland University, Manhattan College and New York University. In 1998, he returned to George Mason University as a faculty member. In 2004, he was named a Hayek Fellow at the London School of Economics.He has also been a Faculty Fellow at the Charles University/Georgetown University American Institute for Political and Economic Studies in Prague and a Visiting Scholar at the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace at Stanford University. He has also been made an affiliated member of the Philosophy Department at George Mason University and, in 2012, he was awarded a doctorate honoris causa in social sciences from Universidad Francisco Marroquín. In addition to his academic positions, he is vice president for research at Mercatus Center and director of the F.A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics. Until 2007, <mask> held the position of director of graduate studies for

masks:
Peter Joseph Boettke
Boettke
Elinor Boettke
Boettke
Boettke
Boettke


title: Peter Boettke

texts:
 the Ph.D. program in economics at George Mason. He is the editor of George Mason University's Review of Austrian Economics and as vice president of the Mont Pelerin Society for the 2018-2020 term. He was the society's president from 2016 to 2018.Other pursuits
<mask> worked as a tennis instructor before pursuing his graduate degree in economics. After graduate school, he began coaching youth basketball and eventually coached at the high school and elite AAU level, qualifying for the AAU 16U National Championships in 2007. Several of his players reached college-level competition. In 2009, he was inducted as a coach into the local basketball Hall of Fame in Northern Virginia. Analytical anarchism
Analytical anarchism is the name given by Boettke to the positive political economy of anarchism, or anarchism from the economic point of view, in the libertarian tradition of Murray Rothbard's For a New Liberty (1973) and David Friedman's The Machinery of Freedom (1973). Boettke claims that analytical anarchism has developed out of this tradition and is currently being pursued by economists such as <mask>, Edward Stringham and Christopher Coyne. These professors are related to Mercatus Center and to the faculty of economics at George Mason University.Publications
Books
 Living Economics: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow (Independent Institute and Universidad Francisco Marroquin 2012) . Context Matters: Institutions and Entrepreneurship (co-authored with Christopher Coyne (professor)) (Now Publishers, 2009)
 The Battle of Ideas: Economics and the Struggle for a Better World
 Is an Independent Non-Profit Sector Prone to Failure? (co-authored with David Prychitko)
 The Political Economy of Soviet Socialism: The Formative Years, 1918–1928 (Kluwer, 1990) . Why Perestroika Failed: The Economics and Politics of Socialism Transformation (Routledge, 1993) . Calculation and Coordination: Essays on Socialism and Transitional Political Economy (Routledge, 2001) . The Economic Way of Thinking with Paul Heyne and David Prychitko (Pearson, 2014) . Books as editor
 Market Process: Essays in

masks:
Boettke
Peter Leeson


title: Peter Boettke

texts:
 Contemporary Austrian Economics with David Prychitko.Edward Elgar, 1994. The Collapse of Development Planning. New York University Press, 1994. The Elgar Companion to Austrian Economics. Elgar, 1994
 The Market Process, 2 volumes, with David Prychitko. Elgar, 1998
 The Legacy of F. A. Hayek: Politics, Philosophy, Economics, 3 volumes. Edward Elgar, 1999
 Socialism and the Market: The Socialist Calculation Debate Revisited, 9 volumes.Routledge, 2000. The Legacy of Ludwig von Mises: Theory and History, ed. with <mask>. 2 vols. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 2006. The Economic Point of View, the first volume of Israel Kirzner's Collected Works, edited with Frederic Sautet and published by Liberty Fund, December 2009. Handbook On Contemporary Austrian Economics, Edward Elgar, 2010.Market Theory and the Price System, the second volume of Israel Kirzner's Collected Works, edited with Frederic Sautet and published by Liberty Fund, May 2011. Essays on Capital, the third volume of Israel Kirzner's Collected Works, edited with Frederic Sautet and published by Liberty Fund, 2012. The Oxford Handbook of Austrian Economics, with Christopher Coyne. October 2015. The Economic Role of the State (ed. with <mask>). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2015.Personal life

<mask> resides in Fairfax, Virginia, with his wife and two sons. References

External links
 <mask>'s Coordination Problem blog (with Christopher Coyne, Steve Horwitz, <mask>, David Prychitko, and Frederic Sautet)
 <mask>'s biography at the Mercatus Center
 <mask>'s biography at the Institute for Humane Studies

 Liberty & Power Group blog

 "A Market Nobel", The Wall Street Journal op-ed, October 16, 2007

1960 births
Living people
American libertarians
Austrian School economists
George Mason University alumni
George Mason University faculty
Grove City College alumni
Manhattan College faculty
New York University faculty
Oakland University faculty
People from Rahway, New Jersey
Stanford University staff
Thiel College alumni
Mackinac Center for Public Policy
Mercatus Center
Economists from New Jersey
21st-century American

masks:
Peter Leeson
Peter Leeson
Boettke
Boettke
Peter Leeson
Boettke
Boettke


title: Viswanathan Kumaran

texts:
<mask> Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Engineering Sciences in 2000. A recipient of the TWAS Prize in 2014 and the Infosys Prize 2016 in the Engineering and Computer Science category, <mask> was listed in the Asian Scientist 100, a list of top 100 scientists from Asia, by the Asian Scientist magazine. Biography

V<mask>, born on 17 June 1966 in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu, earned his graduate degree in chemical engineering (BTech) from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras (IITM) in 1987 and moved to the US for his higher studies and secured a PhD in 1991 from Cornell University. His post-doctoral studies were at the University of California, Santa Barbara during 1991–93 and on his return to India, he joined the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) as an assistant professor where he holds the position of a senior professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering and heads V. Kumaran's Research Group. Legacy

<mask>'s work is focused on the field of complex flows of complex fluids and he is known to have carried out theoretical and experimental researches on the stability of flow past flexible surfaces.These researches, reported to be of significance in biological applications, microfluidics as well as in the marine and aerospace propulsion, were the first such studies in India and assisted him to demonstrate fluid inertia. The work has also assisted in developing Lab-on-a-chip devices used in cardiovascular and pulmonary Point-of-care diagnostics. He has documented his researches in several articles and the online article repository of the Indian Academy of Sciences has listed 48 of them.

masks:
Viswanathan Kumaranti Swarup
Kumaran
. Kumaran
Kumaran


title: Viswanathan Kumaran

texts:
 Besides, he has authored a book, Dynamics of suspensions with significant inertial effects and has contributed chapters to books edited by others which include Nonlinear Science and Complexity and Rheology of Complex Fluids, both published by Springer. <mask>, who has guided a number of master's and doctoral scholars in their studies and hosts many of them in his research group, coordinated the research program on Granular Physics organized by Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics. He was one of the keynote speakers at The XVth International Congress on Rheology of the Society of Rheology held in August 2008 at Monterey, California, where he presented the theme papers on Rheology of dense sheared granular flows. His research group also hosts MicroX Labs, a start-up company, which won the first prize in the Tata Social Enterprise Challenge in 2013–14.His associations with science journals include memberships in editorial boards of Sadhana of the Indian National Academy of Engineering, Indian Journal of Chemical Technology of National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources and Soft Materials of Taylor & Francis as well as the editorial advisory board membership of Acta Mechanica of Springer. He has attended several seminars and conferences where he has delivered keynote or invited speeches Chemical Engineering Colloquium of the Indian Institute of Sciences in December 2013, 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, and 68th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics in November, 2015 feature among them. Awards and honors
<mask> Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, one of the highest Indian science awards in 2000. <mask> became an elected

masks: Kumaran Kumaranti Kumaran


title: Raja Kesavadas

texts:
Kunnathur Kesavan Raman Pillai, also known as <mask> (1745-1799; Sanskrit )  was the Dewan of Travancore during the reign of <mask>. He is well known for his military tactics and administrative acumen. He was the mastermind in developing the Alappuzha town. Early life
<mask>h <mask> was born Kesava Pillai in a Nair family at a small hamlet called Kunnathur village Southern Travancore, in Kanyakumari district on March17, 1745 in the erstwhile Kingdom of Travancore. His full name was Keshav Raman Pillai. The name of his uncle Raman Pillai was added to his name as it was the time of matriarchy. His father Marthandan Thampi was in the Travancore army.Marthandan Thampi was also called the 'Great Master'. His mother's name was Kaliamma Pillai. After relinquishing the position of Commander-in-Chief of the palace, his father returned to Kashi after accepting asceticism and the entire burden of the family fell on Kesavapillai's head. Although he was not properly educated, Poovat Pokumusa Maraikkar, a local businessman, hired Keshav Pillai to look after the accounts in his shop. At a very young age, Keshav Pillai had a special talent. Through Kesava Pillai, the trade of Maraikar flourished. The woodcutter entrusted him with all the responsibilities of his shipping business.He used this opportunity to gain more economic knowledge and to learn Hindustani, Persian and Dutch. In Royal Service

The Maraikars, who were dependents of the then ruling Maharaja Karthika Thirunal (1758-1798: Travancore: 1758–1798), used to visit the king. At one point, Kesava Pillai captured the king's favor with his skills. Subsequently, the king gave him an extension in his palace. Keshava Pillai took full advantage of this golden opportunity. At about twenty-four years of age, Kesava

masks:
Raja Kesavadas
Dharma Raja Karthika Tl Rama Varma
Raja
( Kesavadas


title: Raja Kesavadas

texts:
 <mask> was responsible for shifting the capital of Travancore from Padmanabhapuram to Thiruvananthapuram. Military training
Kesava Pillai received military training under General Eustachius De Lannoy.This training perfected him to take active service as an efficient general. He was well trained in the military art and was competent to command a whole brigade in times of emergency. He learned the Dutch and Portuguese languages under General D’Lanoy and the Persian and Hindustani under the Pattan officers. Reforms
Kesava Das's foremost objective was to develop the economy of Travancore. He developed the economic condition of the people by improving trade. The profits from the trade helped the State to maintain a standing army. It also helped to make other necessary preparations for the struggle with Tippu Sultan.Essentially it was a kind of war finance system. He visited coastal areas from Kanyakumari to Alappuzha and converted two areas such as Alappuzha and Vizhinjam which had the potential to be upcoming ports. Military reforms
Of his military reforms, the most noteworthy is the repair of the old forts and the construction of many new roads. Guns and shorts were speedily manufactured in the arsenal at Udayagiri. Development of Alappuzha port

His all-time contribution is finding an ideal location and constructing a well-planned port city at Alappuzha. He found Alappuzha as the most suitable, because of geographical and oceanic reasons. He constructed two parallel canals for bringing goods to port and offered infrastructural facilities to merchants and traders from Surat, Mumbai and Kutch to start industrial enterprises, trading, and cargo centres.Alappuzha attained progress and became the financial nerve centre of Travancore during his time. Traders


title: Raja Kesavadas

texts:
 from  Bombay, Saurashtra and Surat were attracted to Alleppey. An effort was made to divert the trade of Cochin to Allepey port. The port was opened in 1762, mainly for the export of coir-matting and coir-yarn. <mask> built three ships for trade with Calcutta and Bombay, and Alleppey afforded a convenient depot for the storage and disposal of goods produce in the east. Vizhinjam port
Vizhinjam was developed into a small port by <mask> Das. Construction of MC road
The Main Central Road (MC Road) which is the arterial State Highway in the Travancore region of Kerala state was constructed at the time when <mask> was the Dewan of Travancore.Opening of Chalai Market

Chalai Market was officially established towards end of 18th century by Raja Kesavadas with an intention to make this bazaar a central point for the supply of commodities to the Travancore kingdom. Killi and the Karamana rivers nearby were used to carry goods from different parts of Travancore state. Both of the rivers were bridged. In 1786, Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma shifted to Thiruvananthapuram from Padmanabhapuram in Tamil Nadu. This helped Chalai to flourish. Nedumkotta

The greatest achievement of Kesavadas was his defence of Travancore against Tippu Sultan. When Kesavadas came to power, Tipu was threatening at the gates of Travancore.He bought the Kranganur and Ayakotta forts from the Dutch. He repaired the fort at other places and strengthened the army with well-trained soldiers; In negotiations with the English at Madras, he secured two of the company's troops and stationed them at the fort. He succeeded in the fight against Tipu and expelled him from the borders of Travancore and even his retreat did not give him peace of mind. He followed Tipu until the soldiers travelled a long

masks:
Kesavadas
Raja Kesava
Raja Kesavadas


title: Raja Kesavadas

texts:
 distance and took heavy lives. Agricultural and Industrial Reforms
Raja Kesava Das took steps to develop Agriculture and related industries. Irrigation was prepared and fresh lands were brought. agriculturists were helped financially with loans and remission of taxes.Thiruvananthapuram city was modernized and beautified. Roads were widened and the fort was repaired. Revenue reforms
Gold coins such as Anantharayen fanam, Chinna fanam and Ananthavarahen were coined in the Travancore mint. A new contribution called Nilavary, upon Sircar pattam lands was raised which yielded a good round sum of money. For proper administration of the State, the Chattavariola (collection of rules and laws) were framed. Dewan succeeded in clearing away the greater part of the State-debt incurred in consequence of many wars and other emergencies. Later Years
His tenure of Diwanship ended with the demise of <mask> Karthika Thirunal in 1798.Balarama Varma, his successor aged sixteen became the crown prince who was too young in the hands of Jayanthan Sankaran Nampoothiri. <mask> was proclaimed as a traitor and kept under house arrest which helped Jayanthan Sankaran Nampoothiri to usurp the post of Diwan. Later his family assets were confiscated and were poisoned to death on 21 April 1799. Memorials
 A swimming pool in Alappuzha was built in 1997 in <mask>'s name. <mask>das N. S. S. Higher Secondary School in Sasthamangalam Thiruvananthapuram. His statue has been erected in Allepey- Changanassery road. Memorial Park in Allepey.A town at the start of M. C. Road is named Kesavadasapuram after him. References

External links
 Reforms of Raja Kesavadas, a journal

Diwans of Travancore
Politicians from Alappuzha
1745 births
1799 deaths
People of the Kingdom of Travancore
18th-century

masks:
Dharma Raja
Raja Kesavadas
Raja Kesavadas
Raja Kesava


title: Palladius (Rayev)

texts:
Metropolitan <mask> (secular name <mask>, , at birth his surname was Pisarev, ; , village Peshalan, Arzamas county, Nizhny Novgorod Governorate – , St. Petersburg) was bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church; 18 October 1892 until his death he served as Metropolitan of St. Petersburg and Ladoga, the first member of the Most Holy Synod. Biography

He was born into the family of the priest of the village of Peshelan of the Nizhny Novgorod diocese; studied at the Nizhny Novgorod Theological School and Nizhny Novgorod Theological Seminary (1848). In 1852 he graduated from the Kazan Theological Academy with a master's degree in theology and was appointed a teacher of logic and psychology to the Nizhny Novgorod Theological Seminary, and a teacher of the Tatar language. On 15 August 1856, he was ordained a priest to the church of the intercession of Nizhny Novgorod (not preserved). In 1860, he was a widower, left with his children; 15 January 1861 took monastic vows with the name of Palladium in honor of the Monk Palladius, the desert of Antioch; 18 February 1862, was elevated to the rank of archimandrite. Since 28 August 1863 – Inspector of the St. Petersburg Theological Seminary; from 2 December 1864 – rector of the St. Petersburg Theological Seminary. 18 December 1866 Metropolitan of St. Petersburg Isidore (Nikolsky) in the cathedral of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra khirotonisan in the bishop of Ladoga, the first vicar of the St. Petersburg diocese.From 15 July 1869 – Bishop of Vologda and Ustyug. Wanting to see the bell tower of St. Sophia Cathedral of

masks:
Palladius
Pavel Ivanovich Rayev


title: Joy Harjo

texts: <mask> ( ; born May 9, 1951) is an American poet, musician, playwright, and author. She is the incumbent United States Poet Laureate, the first Native American to hold that honor. She is also only the second Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to serve three terms. <mask> is a member of the Muscogee Nation (Este Mvskokvlke) and belongs to Oce Vpofv (Hickory Ground). She is an important figure in the second wave of the literary Native American Renaissance of the late 20th century. She studied at the Institute of American Indian Arts, completed her undergraduate degree at University of New Mexico in 1976, and earned an MFA degree at the University of Iowa in its creative writing program. In addition to writing books and other publications, <mask> has taught in numerous United States universities, performed internationally at poetry readings and music events, and released seven albums of her original music.<mask> is the author of nine books of poetry, and two award-winning children's books, The Good Luck Cat and For a Girl Becoming. Her books include Poet Warrior (2021), An American Sunrise (2019), Conflict Resolution for Holy Beings (2015), Crazy Brave (2012), and How We Became Human: New and Selected Poems 1975–2002 (2004). She was a recipient of the 2017 Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize, the Academy of American Poets Wallace Stevens Award, two fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts, a Guggenheim Fellowship, and a Tulsa Artist Fellowship, among other honors. In 2019, she was elected a chancellor of the Academy of American Poets. <mask> founded For Girls Becoming, an art mentorship program for young Mvskoke women and is a Founding Board Member and Chair of the

masks:
Joy Harjo
Harjo
Harjo
Harjo
Harjo


title: Joy Harjo

texts:
 Native Arts & Cultures Foundation. Her signature project to date as U.S. Poet Laureate is called "Living Nations, Living Words: A Map of First Peoples Poetry", which focuses on "mapping the U.S. with Native Nations poets and poems".Early life and education

<mask> was born on May 9, 1951, in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Her father, Allen W. Foster, was Muscogee, and her mother, Wynema Baker Foster, was Cherokee and European-American from Arkansas. As a member of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Harjo adopted her paternal grandmother's surname. At the age of 16, Harjo attended the Institute of American Indian Arts, which at the time was a BIA boarding school, in Santa Fe, New Mexico, for high school. Harjo loved painting and found that it gave her a way to express herself. Harjo was inspired by her great-aunt, <mask> Ball, who was a painter. Harjo enrolled as a pre-med student the University of New Mexico.She changed her major to art after her first year. During her last year, she switched to creative writing, as she was inspired by different Native American writers. She graduated in 1976. <mask> earned her master of fine arts degree in creative writing from the University of Iowa in 1978. She also took filmmaking classes at the Anthropology Film Center in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Career
<mask> taught at the Institute of American Indian Arts from 1978 to 1979 and 1983 to 1984. She taught at Arizona State University from 1980 to 1981, the University of Colorado from 1985 to 1988, the University of Arizona from 1988 to 1990, and the University of New Mexico from 1991 to 1995.Her students at the University of New Mexico included future Congresswoman and Secretary of the Interior Deb

masks:
Harjo
Lois Harjo
Harjo
Harjo


title: Joy Harjo

texts:
 Haaland. Harjo has played alto saxophone with the band Poetic Justice, edited literary journals, and written screenplays. In 1995, Harjo received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Native Writers' Circle of the Americas. In 2002, Harjo received the PEN/Beyond Margins Award for A Map to the Next World: Poetry and Tales. In 2008, she served as a founding member of the board of directors for the Native Arts and Cultures Foundation, for which she serves as a member of its National Advisory Council. <mask> joined the faculty of the American Indian Studies Program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in January 2013. In 2016, <mask> was appointed to the Chair of Excellence in the Department of English at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.In 2019, <mask> was named the United States Poet Laureate. She is the first Native American to be so appointed. She is also the second United States Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to serve three terms. Literature and performance
<mask> has written numerous works in the genres of poetry, books, and plays. <mask>'s works often include themes such as defining self, the arts, and social justice. Harjo uses Native American oral history as a mechanism for portraying these issues, and believes that "written text is, for [her], fixed orality". Her use of the oral tradition is prevalent through various literature readings and musical performances conducted by Harjo.Her methods of continuing oral tradition include story-telling, singing, and voice inflection in order to captivate the attention of her audiences. While reading poetry, she claims that "[she] starts not even with an image but a sound," which is indicative

masks: Harjo Harjo Harjo Harjo Harjo


title: Joy Harjo

texts: of her oral traditions expressed in performance. Harjo published her first volume in 1975, titled The Last Song, which consisted of nine of her poems. <mask> has since authored nine books of poetry, including her most recent, the highly acclaimed An American Sunrise (2019), which was a 2020 Oklahoma Book Award Winner; Conflict Resolution for Holy Beings (2015), which was shortlisted for the Griffin Prize and named a Notable Book of the Year by the American Library Association; and In Mad Love and War (1990), which received an American Book Award and the Delmore Schwartz Memorial Award. Her first memoir, Crazy Brave, was awarded the PEN USA Literary Award in Creative Non Fiction and the American Book Award, and her second, Poet Warrior, was released from W.W. Norton in Fall 2021. She has published two award-winning children's books, The Good Luck Cat and For a Girl Becoming; a collaboration with photographer/astronomer Stephen Strom; an anthology of North American Native women's writing; several screenplays and collections of prose interviews; and three plays, including Wings of Night Sky, Wings of Morning Light, A Play, which she toured as a one-woman show and was recently published by Wesleyan Press. <mask> is Executive Editor of the anthology When the Light of the World was Subdued, Our Songs Came Through — A Norton Anthology of Native Nations Poetry and the editor of Living Nations, Living Words: An Anthology of First Peoples Poetry, the companion anthology to her signature Poet Laureate project featuring a sampling of work by 47 Native Nations poets through an interactive ArcGIS Story Map and a newly developed Library of Congress audio

masks: Harjo Harjo


title: Joy Harjo

texts:
 collection.<mask>'s awards for poetry include the Ruth Lily Prize for Lifetime Achievement from the Poetry Foundation, the Academy of American Poets Wallace Stevens Award, the New Mexico Governor's Award for Excellence in the Arts, a PEN USA Literary Award, Lila Wallace-Reader's Digest Fund Writers’ Award, the Poets & Writers Jackson Poetry Prize, a Rasmuson US Artist Fellowship, two NEA fellowships, and a Guggenheim Fellowship. Her poetry is included on a plaque on LUCY, a NASA spacecraft launched in Fall 2021 and the first reconnaissance of the Jupiter Trojans. Poetry
In the early stages of adolescence is when <mask>'s hardships started fairly quickly. Her family was challenged by her father's struggle with alcohol as well as an abusive stepfather. From this started her journey into the arts. She started painting as a way to express herself. After getting kicked out by her stepfather at the young age of 16, She attended school at the institute of Native American Arts in New Mexico where she worked to change the light in which Native American art was presented.From there, she became a creative writing major in college and focused on her passion of poetry after listening to Native American poets. She began writing poetry at twenty-two, and released her first book of poems called The Last Song, which started her career in writing. Music

As a musician, <mask> has released seven CDs. These feature both her original music and that of other Native American artists. Since her first album, a spoken word classic Letter From the End of the Twentieth Century (2003) and her 1998 solo album Native Joy for Real, <mask> has received numerous awards and recognitions for her

masks:
Harjo
Joy Harjo
Harjo
Harjo


title: Joy Harjo

texts:
 music, including a Native American Music Award (NAMMY) for Best Female Artist of the year for her 2008 album, Winding Through the Milky Way. I Pray for My Enemies is <mask>'s seventh and newest album, released in 2021. <mask> performs with her saxophone and flutes, solo and with pulled-together players she often calls the Arrow Dynamics Band.She has performed in Europe, South America, India, and Africa, as well as for a range of North American stages, including the Vancouver Folk Music Festival, the Cultural Olympiad at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, the 2010 Olympics in Vancouver, DEF Poetry Jam, and the U.S. Library of Congress in Washington D.C.

She began to play the saxophone at the age of 40. <mask> believes that when reading her poems, she can add music by playing the sax and reach the heart of the listener in a different way. When reading her poems, she speaks with a musical tone in her voice, creating a song in every poem. Activism

In addition to her creative writing, <mask> has written and spoken about US political and Native American affairs. She is also an active member of the Muscogee Nation and writes poetry as "a voice of the Indigenous people". <mask>'s poetry explores imperialism and colonization, and their effects on violence against women. Scholar Mishuana Goeman writes, "The rich intertextuality of Harjo's poems and her intense connections with other and awareness of Native issues- such as sovereignty, racial formation, and social conditions- provide the foundation for unpacking and linking the function of settler colonial structures within newly arranged global spaces".In her poems, Harjo often explores her Muskogee/Creek background


title: Joy Harjo

texts: and spirituality in opposition to popular mainstream culture. In a thesis at Iowa University, Eloisa Valenzuela-Mendoza writes about <mask>, "Native American continuation in the face of colonization is the undercurrent of Harjo’s poetics through poetry, music, and performance." <mask>'s work touches upon land rights for Native Americans and the gravity of the disappearance of "her people", while rejecting former narratives that erased Native American histories. Much of <mask>'s work reflects Creek values, myths, and beliefs. Harjo reaches readers and audiences to bring realization of the wrongs of the past, not only for Native American communities but for oppressed communities in general. Her activism for Native American rights and feminism stem from her belief in unity and the lack of separation among human, animal, plant, sky, and earth. Harjo believes that we become most human when we understand the connection among all living things.She believes that colonialism led to Native American women being oppressed within their own communities, and she works to encourage more political equality between the sexes. Of contemporary American poetry, <mask> said, "I see and hear the presence of generations making poetry through the many cultures that express America. They range from ceremonial orality which might occur from spoken word to European fixed forms; to the many classic traditions that occur in all cultures, including theoretical abstract forms that find resonance on the page or in image. Poetry always directly or inadvertently mirrors the state of the state either directly or sideways. Terrance Hayes’s American sonnets make a stand as post-election love poems.

masks: Harjo Harjo Harjo Harjo


title: Joy Harjo

texts:
 Layli Long Soldier’s poems emerge from fields of Lakota history where centuries stack and bleed through making new songs. The sacred and profane tangle and are threaded into the lands guarded by the four sacred mountains in the poetry of Sherwin Bitsui.America has always been multicultural, before the term became ubiquitous, before colonization, and it will be after." Personal life
In 1969 at the Institute of American Indian Arts, Harjo met fellow student Phil Wilmon, with whom she had a son, Phil Dayn (born 1969). Their relationship ended by 1971. In 1972, she met poet Simon Ortiz of the Acoma Pueblo tribe, with whom she had a daughter, Rainy Dawn (born 1973). She raised both her children as a single mother. <mask> is married to Owen Chopoksa Sapulpa, and is stepmother to his children. .
 .
 ; W. W. Norton & Company, 2008, .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 . (shortlisted for the 2016 Griffin Poetry Prize)
 .As editor
 . In anthology
 . Plays

Non-fiction
 .

 .

Children's literature
 .
 .

Discography

Solo albums

 Letter from the End of the Twentieth Century (2003)
 Native Joy for Real (2004)
 She Had Some Horses (2006)
 Winding Through the Milky Way (2008)
 Red Dreams, A Trail Beyond Tears (2010)
This America (2011)
I Pray For My Enemies (2021)

<mask> and Poetic Justice
 Letter from the End of the Twentieth Century (1997)

See also

 List of writers from peoples indigenous to the Americas
 Native American Studies

Notes

References

 Azfar Hussain. "<mask> and Her Poetics as Praxis: A 'Postcolonial' Political Economy of the Body, Land, Labor, and Language." wicazo sa review: A Journal of Native American Studies 15.2 (2000) 27-61

masks:
Harjo
Joy Harjo
Joy Harjo


title: Joy Harjo

texts:
 https://muse.jhu.edu/article/36264

External links

 <mask>, U.S. Poet Laureate: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress
<mask>: Academy of American Poet s

 Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture <mask>, <mask>

 Interview with <mask> on BBC Outlook (starting at 26.30)
 Voices of Oklahoma interview. First person interview conducted on November 5, 2020, with <mask>.Interview with <mask> on WHYY Fresh Air

1951 births
Living people
Writers from Tulsa, Oklahoma
Muscogee (Creek) Nation people
Native American musicians
Native American poets
American women poets
Institute of American Indian Arts alumni
Native American children's writers
American children's writers
Writers from New Mexico
American women children's writers
Musicians from Tulsa, Oklahoma
PEN Oakland/Josephine Miles Literary Award winners
American Book Award winners
Native American dramatists and playwrights
American Poets Laureate
Native American women writers
American people of Irish descent
American people of French descent
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
Writers from Oklahoma
Members of the American Philosophical Society
Poets from Oklahoma
20th-century Native Americans
21st-century Native Americans
20th-century Native American women
21st-century Native American

masks:
Joy Harjo
Joy Harjo
– Harjo
Joy
Joe Harjo
Joy Harjo
Joe Harjo


title: Darsono

texts:
<mask>, more commonly known simply as <mask>, (born in Pati, Dutch East Indies 1897, died 1976 in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia) was a journalist and editor of Sinar Hindia, an activist in the Sarekat Islam and chairman of the Indonesian Communist Party from 1920 to 1925. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in Pati, Central Java, Dutch East Indies in 1897. Despite his later prominence, he only had a primary school education, a fact which was later held against him by his critics. Involvement in Indonesian National Awakening
<mask> was converted to the cause of socialism when he attended the trial of Henk Sneevliet. He was impressed that a Dutch person would be willing to lose everything in order to side with the little person. He became a member of the Indische Sociaal-Democratische Vereeniging and became secretary of the Semarang branch in 1918. The Sarekat Islam (Malay: Islamic Union) was the first mass organization of Indigenous people in the Indies, who organized themselves loosely around the identity of Islam.But the organization contained quite a lot of ideological diversity, with Islamic nationalism (led by Cokroaminoto, Agus Salim and Abdul Muis), communists (led by Semaoen, <mask> and Alimin), and a synthesis of the two by Haji Misbach. In 1918, Darsono became a paid propagandist for the SI and became well known for his tireless effort to drive that organization to the left. Although the leaders of the "Central Sarekat Islam" based in Batavia were skeptical of the move towards communism, they appointed Semaoen to their board as well as making Darsono propagandist. For this the central organization tried to make a deal with them to not publicly split with the organization or propagandize

masks:
Raden Darsono Notosudirdjo
Darsono
Darsono
Darsono
Darsono


title: Darsono

texts:
 against them. During this time he was skeptical of the Insulinde party which had been founded by E.F.E. Douwes Dekker, Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo and Soewardi Soerjaningrat. He expressed in meetings and articles that he believed that party mainly represented Indo people and that if they came to power they would relegate native Indonesians to a subservient position.In May 1920, Semaoen refounded the ISDV as the Partai Komunis di Hindia (Malay: Communist Party in the Indies), which 9 months later would be renamed the Partai Komunis Indonesia (Indonesian Communist Party). At that time <mask> was still in prison in Surabaya. In October 1920 the Semarang wing of the Sarekat Islam, and <mask> in particular, came into conflict with the central group of the organization in Batavia. <mask> was accused of breaking the truce with the central Sarekat Islam that had been agreed upon in 1917. In the pages of Sinar Hindia, he accused Sarekat Islam leader Cokroaminoto of embezzling money from the organization. Of course, Cokroaminoto took it as a stab in the back. Soviet Union and Europe
Darsono left the Indies to travel through Siberia to Western Europe during 1921-23.During that trip, in 1921, he represented the PKI at the third Congress of the Comintern in Moscow. After that he worked for the Comintern in Berlin. He also spoke at a congress of the Dutch Dutch Communist Party in Groningen in 1921. In that speech he called for closer collaboration between the Dutch and Indonesian communist parties in the interest of reducing racial hatred. <mask> returned to Moscow in 1922. While he was abroad the Dutch authorities in the Indies discussed that he should be treated similarly to Semaoen and not allowed to reenter the colony

masks: Darsono Darsono Darsono Darsono


title: Darsono

texts: when he came back from Europe. However, he did manage to reenter the Indies in 1923.In 1923 the Semarang authorities and the Governor General debated whether <mask> and Semaoen should be deported from the Indies, but decided against it for the time being. Although they were aggressively organizing strikes and spreading the communist message, the authorities thought that deporting them might not change anything. During this time, <mask> was relatively moderate as a communist compared to Semaoen, in that he did not believe in the use of bombings, terror or other methods. <mask> was finally arrested in 1925 and expelled from the Indies in 1926 If he was a more moderate figure, with him and the other PKI founders gone, the party became far more radical. The ill-fated 1926 PKI revolt happened while he and Semaoen were out of the country, and even though they tried to negotiate on the Indonesian communists' behalf with the Soviet party, they were increasingly out of touch and unable to be of help from where they were. Adolf Baars, a Dutch communist who had been involved in the early years of the ISDV but had been deported from the Indies early on, mentioned Semaoen and <mask> in a 1928 book he published about life in the Soviet Union. He wrote that foreign representatives working in the country often had very limited social circles, and that people like Semaoen and <mask> worked in an office, received foreign letters and press clippings, and lived in a hotel, knowing little about the country they were living in.He returned to the Soviet Union via Singapore and China; under the pseudonym of Samin, he worked for the Comintern for a number of years. He was even elected as an alternate member of the Executive

masks: Darsono Darsono Darsono Darsono Darsono


title: Darsono

texts:
 Committee of the Communist International in 1928. In 1929 he also ran for office on the Dutch Communist Party list. However, he was expelled from the Comintern in 1931. <mask> was still in Berlin in 1935 when the Nuremberg Laws were passed. At this time many communists fled Germany, but he was unable to escape for a time, and so he left his son Alam <mask> to stay with Bran Bleekrode, a Jewish violinist living in Amsterdam whose cousin Bram Bleekrode was organizing places to stay for communists fleeing Germany. However, <mask> was apparently able to rejoin his son in Amsterdam later in 1935, where he stayed for a number of years.;

After Indonesian independence
Upon Indonesia's independence from the Netherlands, <mask> finally returned to the country in 1950, after twenty years of being barred from entry. He broke with his previous communist views and became an advisor at the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs until 1960. <mask> died 1976 in Semarang. References

Dutch East Indies
Indonesian communists
Executive Committee of the Communist International
Indonesian exiles
Indonesian revolutionaries
Javanese people
Indonesian journalists
1897 births
1976 deaths
20th-century journalists
Indonesian newspaper editors
Newspaper editors from the Dutch East Indies
Sarekat Islam


title: Francis Delafield

texts:
<mask> (August 3, 1841 – July 17, 1915) was an American physician, born in New York City. His father, Dr<mask>, was the son of the prominent <mask> who had emigrated to America from London, England in 1783 carrying the provisional peace treaty between England and The United States. While his father Edward graduated Yale in 1812, <mask> graduated at Yale (1860) and at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University (1863), and after further study abroad practiced medicine in New York. <mask> was appointed to the staff of Bellevue Hospital (1874), and to the chair of pathology and practice of medicine in the College of Physicians and Surgeons (1875–82). <mask> resided for many years at 5 West 50th Street in Manhattan, New York. In 1886, he became the first president of the Association of American Physicians. Early life
<mask> was born in New York City, the son of <mask> by his second marriage to Julia Floyd.Julia Floyd was the granddaughter of William Floyd, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. She was born, raised and married on the Floyd estate in Mastic, Long Island. <mask>'s mother Julia Floyd married Dr <mask> in 1839 on the Floyd family's property in Long Island (currently the William Floyd House museum). She kept an extensive journal of her life during the Civil war until her death. She was one of a few women invited to attend Lincoln's 2nd inauguration. Julia Floyd was also the first woman in New York to use ether to ease pain during childbirth. She endured hardship.Julia Floyd <mask> watched all of her husband's six children die of tuberculosis (his first wife had died of it also). Some of her five biological children also suffered from tuberculosis and died. And even her son [<mask>] became gravely sick and nearly died. <mask>' brother Augustus Floyd <mask>

masks:
Francis Delafield
. Edward Delafield
John Delafield
Francis
Francis
Francis Delafield
Francis Delafield
Edward Delafield
Francis Delafield
Edward Delafield
Delafield
Francis Delafield
Francis
Delafield


title: Francis Delafield

texts: travelled extensively around Scotland and brought back a set of golf clubs in 1880s. The sport became popular in Darien and Augustus founded the Wee Burn Country Club in 1893. From London, <mask>' grandfather (John Delafied) emigrated to New York City. The ship upon which he took passage bore letters of marque, and captured a French vessel.<mask> volunteered in the action, and shared the prize money to the extent of £100. He landed in New York City on April 5, 1783, and found himself especially welcomed as the bearer of a manuscript copy of the text of the treaty of peace, which had been handed him at the moment of sailing by an official in the British service. The conditions of peace were known, but the text had not yet been made public in England; and, although the official copy had been forwarded, the "Vigilant" had outstripped the bearer of the government dispatches by some days. <mask> was a founder and director of the Mutual insurance company, established on June 15, 1787, that being the first company organized to take risks against fire in the City of New York after the Revolution. On January 12, 1792, he was appointed director of the branch of the U. S. bank, and was afterward elected to the same office. He was one of forty gentlemen who subscribed $10,000 each, and founded (February 1, 1796) the United insurance company, also acting as a director, and serving as president for many years. His summer residence on the East River, opposite Blackwell's Island, known as" Sunswick," built in 1791, was one of the largest and best appointed private houses near New York.<mask> had nine sons and four daughters. Two of his sons died young. <mask> was fitted for college in private schools in New York City, and at Yale received a dissertation appointment in junior year and was a member of Phi Beta

masks:
Francis
John Delafield
John Delafield
John Delafield
Francis Delafield