In the equation, s is the specific heat in (J/g•°C). m is the mass of the substance in grams. Δ"T refers to the change in temperature (°C) observed in the substance. The convention is to subtract the initial temperature of the material from the final temperature after heating so Δ"T is T-T in the equation. Substituting all the values into the equation and multiplying through cancels the units of mass and temperature leaving the appropriate units of Joules for heat. Calculations such as this are useful in 