Other studies support the role of the environment in the development of NPD, meaning that the way a child grew up can play a role in having NPD as an adult later on in life. One theory thinks that having a distant and cold parent could lead to the child developing NPD. A different theory focuses again on parenting style but supports that a child can develop NPD if the parents are treating the child as very “special” and “unique”. Other recent theories believe that a traumatic bad experience when a child is young can cause narcissistic traits and symptoms to develop.