Oizerman was born in a Jewish family. He was a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1981 until his death. He received a doctorate, "honoris causa", from the University of Jena in 1979 and the USSR State Prize in 1983. In 1979 Oizerman was awarded the Plekhanov prize for the monograph "The Main Trends in Philosophy". He also served in the Anti-Zionist Committee of the Soviet Public.