He was a major figure of Brazilian epic poetry as well as all lusophone literature. His best-known works include "Invenção do Mar: Carmen sæculare" (1997) and "Os Peãs" (1982). He was also known for his involvement with ideological movements of the 20th century, such as fascism and communism. For this reason, Mourao was arrested 18 times. He was also tortured in prison.