The budget of dissolved vanadium in the oceans is remarkably well balanced, with about 40x10 g V/y to 50x10 g V/y inputs and outputs, and a mean residence time for dissolved V in seawater of ~130,000 y with respect to inputs from rivers. Inputs and outputs are as follows: continental dust, 155x10 g V/y; sea spray, 0.52x10 g V/y; volcanic emissions, 7x10 g V/y; biomass burning, 5x10 g V/y; natural, 3.7x10 g V/y; human-induced, 4.1x10 g V/y; fossil fuel combustion, 100-287x10 g V/y; ratio anthropogenic: natural, 0.59-1.71.