Xia Peisu was a Chinese computer scientist and Teacher. She is known for her research in computer science and technology. She has been called the "Mother of Computer Science in China". Xia took the lead on the team that made the Model 107. This was the first computer designed locally in China. She and her husband Yang Liming were elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1991. In 2010, she was given the first Lifetime Achievement Award from the China Computer Federation.