Nguyễn Thị Doan became member of the Communist Party of Vietnam on 11 July 1982. In June 1996 at the 8th National Party Congress, she became member of the Party Central Committee. In August 1999: At the 7th Conference of the Party Central Committee, she was elected member of the Central Commission for Inspection. In 25 July 2007 She was elected Vice-President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam at the first session of the Twelfth National Assembly.