In 2008 he was appointed as the Minister of Research, Development and Evaluation Commission of the Executive Yuan. On 10 September 2009, Jiang was appointed as ROC Minister of the Interior (MOI). He was the youngest person to ever hold the office. Jiang was appointed Vice Premier on 6 February 2012. With this, he had to resign from his professorship at NTU. He became the Premier of the Republic of China on 18 February 2013. In five years he rose from a minister to premiere setting a record for advancement in the Taiwanese government. He is also the youngest premier in the last 50 years.