In July 2012, Yamaguchi was selected the Japan U-23 national team for 2012 Summer Olympics. He played all 6 matches as defensive midfielder and Japan won the 4th place. In July 2013, he was selected the Japan national team for 2013 East Asian Cup. At this tournament, he debuted against China on July 21. In 2014, he was selected Japan for 2014 World Cup and played all 3 matches. In 2018, he also played at 2018 World Cup and Japan qualified to the knockout stage.