WOEST, however, was not pow- ered to assess stent thrombosis.S7.4-3 Two other registry-based studies similarly showed that dou- ble therapy with warfarin and clopidogrel was not associated with higher risk of coronary isch- emia than triple therapy.S7.4-6,S7.4-7 Furthermore, a hospital-based retrospective cohort study found that double therapy with warfarin and ticagrelor had thrombotic and bleeding rates that were similar to those observed with triple The aforementioned studies were not based exclusively on patients with AF and ACS; patients with AF undergoing elective PCI for stable coronary artery disease were also included. 6. PIONEER AF-PCI was an international, multi- center, randomized, open-label trial of 2124 patients with AF (without moderate to severe mitral stenosis or a mechanical heart valve) who had undergone PCI with stenting. Patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to low-dose rivar- oxaban (15 mg once daily) plus a P2Y12 inhibitor for 12 months (Group 1); very-low-dose rivar- oxaban (2.5 mg twice daily) plus DAPT for 1, 6, or 12 months (Group 2); or standard therapy with a dose-adjusted vitamin K antagonist (once daily) plus DAPT for 1, 6, or 12 months (Group 3). Clopidogrel was the most common P2Y12 inhibitor used (>90%). The rates of clinically significant bleeding were lower in Groups 1 and 2 than in Group 3.S7.4-2 The rates of death from cardiovascular causes, MI, or stroke were similar It is important to note that the dose of rivaroxaban used in that study was lower than the dose recommended for stroke prophylaxis in AF. The study was not powered to evaluate risk of stent thrombosis or systemic 7. RE-DUAL PCI was an international, multicenter, randomized open-label trial of 2725 patients with nonvalvular AF who had undergone PCI with stenting. 