Percentages are approximate and are informed by Kolominsky-Rabas et al36 and Gardener et al.37 Precise percentages will depend on extent of testing and patient populations. Ischemic stroke subtype definitions are informed by the TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) unless otherwise indicated. ESUS indicates embolic stroke of undetermined source. CLINICAL STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINES Kleindorfer A key component of secondary stroke prevention is assessing and addressing barriers to adherence to medi- cations and a healthy lifestyle. If a patient has a recurrent stroke while on secondary stroke prevention medica- tions, it is vital to assess whether they were taking the medications that they were prescribed and, if possible, to explore and address factors that contributed to non- adherence before assuming that the medications were ineffective. 2.5. Antithrombotic Dosing Unless stated otherwise in the recommendations herein, the international normalized ratio (INR) goal for warfarin is 2.0 to 3.0 and the dose of aspirin is 81 to 325 mg. 2.6. Application Across Populations Unless otherwise indicated, the recommendations in this guideline apply across race/ethnicity, sex, and age groups. Special considerations to address health equity are delineated in section 6.3, Health Equity. 3. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION FOR SECONDARY STROKE PREVENTION Recommendations for Diagnostic Evaluation Referenced studies that support recommendations are summarized in online Data Supplements 1 and 2. 