On the basis of 16 single-site studies providing data from 7200 patients283 (8 of these studies used vasodilator stress perfusion imaging, 6 dobutamine stress CMR cine imaging, and 2 combined stress perfusion and cine imaging), the following general conclusions can be drawn: 1. A normal stress CMR study with either vasodilator myocardial perfusion or inotropic stress cine imaging is associated with a low annual rate of cardiac death or MI, ranging from 0.01% to 0.6%,280,283 and provides accu- rate risk assessment in patients of either sex.281,343 2. Detection of myocardial ischemia (by either perfusion or cine imaging) and LGE imaging of infarction appear to provide complementary information. 3. An abnormal stress CMR with evidence of ischemia is associated with elevated likelihood of cardiac death or MI, with hazard ratios ranging from 2.2 to 12.279,282 The current evidence related to CMR for risk assessment of patients is limited by the predominance of data collection from tertiary care centers with high experience in CMR, heterogeneity of imaging techniques and equipment, and evolution of interpretative standards. 3.2.2.8. Special Patient Group: Risk Assessment in Patients Who Have an Uninterpretable ECG Because of LBBB or Ventricular Pacing Isolated false-positive reversible perfusion defects of the septum on nuclear MPI due to abnormal septal motion causing a reduction in diastolic filling time have been reported in patients with LBBB without significant coronary stenosis. 