Blood pressure targets Recommendation 3.1.1: WesuggestthatadultswithhighBPandCKDbetreatedwithatargetsystolicbloodpressure (SBP) of <120 mm Hg, when tolerated, using standardized of ce BP measurement (2B). Practice Point 3.1.1: It is potentially hazardous to apply the recommended SBP target of <120 mm Hg to BP mea- surements obtained in a non-standardized manner. Practice Point 3.1.2: Clinicians can reasonably offer less intensive BP-lowering therapy in patients with very limited life expectancy or symptomatic postural hypotension. 3.2 Treatment with antihypertensive drugs, including RAS inhibitors (RASi) Recommendation 3.2.1: We recommend starting renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors (RASi) (angiotensin-con- verting enzyme inhibitor [ACEi] or angiotensin II receptor blocker [ARB]) for people with high BP, CKD, and severely increased albuminuria (G1 G4, A3) without diabetes (1B). Recommendation 3.2.2: We suggest starting RASi (ACEi or ARB) for people with high BP, CKD, and moderately increased albuminuria (G1 G4, A2) without diabetes (2C). Recommendation 3.2.3: We recommend starting RASi (ACEi or ARB) for people with high BP, CKD, and moderately-to-severely increased albuminuria (G1 G4, A2 and A3) with diabetes (1B). Practice Point 3.2.1: It may be reasonable to treat people with high BP, CKD, and no albuminuria, with or without diabetes, with RASi (ACEi or ARB). Practice Point 3.2.2: RASi (ACEi or ARB) should be administered using the highest approved dose that is tolerated to achieve the bene ts described because the proven bene ts were achieved in trials using these doses. Practice Point 3.2.3: Changes in BP, serum creatinine, and serum potassium should be checked within 2-4 weeks of initiation or increase in the dose of a RASi, depending on the current GFR and serum potassium. Practice Point 3.2.4: Hyperkalemia associated with use of RASi can often be managed by measures to reduce the serum potassium levels rather than decreasing the dose or stopping RASi. 