Recognizing the recent advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, risk factors, microbiology, management, and prevention of CIED infections, the American Heart Association commissioned this scientific statement to educate clinicians about CIED infections, provide explicit recommendations for the care of patients with suspected or established CIED infections, and highlight areas of needed research. (Circulation. 2010;121:458-477.) Key Words: AHA Scientific Statements infection device, cardiovascular implantable electronic device pacemaker implantable cardioverter-defibrillator endocarditis In 2003, the American Heart Association published a scientific statement that reviewed a variety of nonvalvular cardiovascular device infections.1 The document included an encyclopedic view of device infections involving cardiac, arterial, and venous structures. The primary focus of the statement was to formally recognize this group of cardiovas- cular infections and to highlight their clinical importance. The document also included a limited number of recommenda- tions regarding the prevention and management of nonvalvu- lar device infections. Perhaps the most noteworthy recom- mendation in the statement emphasized that antibiotic prophylaxis for routine dental, gastrointestinal, and genitouri- nary procedures was not indicated in patients with these devices. The American Heart Association makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional, or business interest of a member of the writing panel. Specifically, all members of the writing group are required to complete and submit a Disclosure Questionnaire showing all such relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest. This statement was approved by the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee on August 7, 2009. A copy of the statement is available at http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier 3003999 by selecting either the topic list link or the chronological list link (No. KJ-0732). To purchase additional reprints, call 843-216-2533 or e-mail kelle.ramsay@wolterskluwer.com. 