The WARSS study randomized 2206 patients with stroke not attributable to cardioembolism or high- grade carotid stenosis to adjusted-dose warfarin The pri- mary end point of 2-year recurrent ischemic stroke or death was no different between the 2 groups (17.8% warfarin versus 16% acetylsalicylic acid; HR, 1.13 [95% CI, 0.92 1.38]). Similarly, a sub- sequent meta-analysis of 8 other trials of VKA among 5762 patients with TIA or nondisabling noncardioembolic stroke found no benefit in sec- ondary stroke prevention with the use of oral anti- coagulation of various intensities compared with antiplatelet agents (medium-intensity anticoagula- both medium-intensity anticoagulation and high- intensity anticoagulation were associated with a significantly increased risk of bleeding.789 2. A series of single antiplatelet trials conducted in patients with noncardioembolic stroke did not use clinical eligibility criteria in the same man- ner as the more recent DAPT trials. Thus, some patients in the general noncardioembolic stroke pathogenesis group may qualify for the more Figure 6. Antiplatelet therapy for noncardioembolic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Note: Algorithm does not apply to patients who receive acute thrombolysis. Note: Please see Section 5.1.1 for recommendations related to severe symptomatic intracranial large vessel stenosis. Early ischemic stroke (IS), <24 hours from onset; high-risk TIA, ABCD2 score 4; low-risk TIA, score <4; dual antiplatelet, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)+clopidogrel. Colors correspond to Class of Recommendation in Table 3. NIHSS indicates National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Data from Brown et al,15 Pan et al,409 and Wang et al.410 CLINICAL STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINES Kleindorfer specific recommendation for early DAPT. For those who do not meet DAPT clinical criteria, SAPT is recommended. 