Diagnostic Testing: Initial Diagnosis 1. Baumgartner H, Hung J, Bermejo J, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE/ASE recommendations for clinical practice. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2009;10:1 25. 2. Nunes MCP, Tan TC, Elmariah S, et al. The echo score revisited: impact of incorporating commissural morphology and leaflet displacement to the prediction of outcome for patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valvu- loplasty. Circulation. 2014;129:886 95. 3. Cannan CR, Nishimura RA, Reeder GS, et al. Echocardiographic assess- ment of commissural calcium: a simple predictor of outcome after percu- taneous mitral balloon valvotomy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29:175 80. 4. Ellis K, Ziada KM, Vivekananthan D, et al. Transthoracic echocardiographic predictors of left atrial appendage thrombus. Am J Cardiol. 2006;97:421 5. 5. Kronzon I, Tunick PA, Glassman E, et al. Transesophageal echocardiogra- phy to detect atrial clots in candidates for percutaneous transseptal mitral balloon valvuloplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990;16:1320 2. 6. Tessier P, Mercier LA, Burelle D, et al. Results of percutaneous mitral commissurotomy in patients with a left atrial appendage thrombus de- tected by transesophageal echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1994;7:394 9. 7. Gianstefani S, Monaghan MJ. Accurate assessment of the true mitral valve area in rheumatic mitral stenosis. Heart. 2013;99:219 21. 8. Min S-Y, Song J-M, Kim Y-J, et al. Discrepancy between mitral valve areas measured by two-dimensional planimetry and three-dimensional tran- soesophageal echocardiography in patients with mitral stenosis. Heart. 2013;99:253 8. 9. Nishimura RA, Rihal CS, Tajik AJ, et al. Accurate measurement of the transmitral gradient in patients with mitral stenosis: a simultaneous catheterization and Doppler echocardiographic study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24:152 8. 10. Abascal VM, Wilkins GT, O Shea JP, et al. Prediction of successful outcome in 130 patients undergoing percutaneous balloon mitral valvotomy. Circu- lation. 1990;82:448 56. 11. Wilkins GT, Weyman AE, Abascal VM, et al. 