Similarly, among participants in the Physician s Health Study who experienced a self-reported MI, moderate drinkers had a 30% lower risk of death than abstainers.705 Light to moderate alcohol consumption might confer pro- tection against cardiovascular disease through beneficial ef- fects on the lipid profile and on insulin sensitivity. Alcohol intake modestly increases HDL cholesterol in a dose- dependent fashion.706,707 Consumption of 2 drinks per day lowers fasting and postprandial insulin levels and increases insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects.708 Light to moderate alcohol consumption might also have antiinflammatory ef- Table 16. Patient Health Questionnaire-2 Over the past 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems? 1) Little interest or pleasure in doing things 2) Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless Reproduced from Kroenke et al.702 Table 17. Patient Health Questionaire-9: Depression Screening Scales Over the past 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems? 1) Little interest or pleasure in doing things 2) Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless 3) Trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or sleeping too much 4) Feeling tired or having little energy 5) Poor appetite or overeating 6) Feeling bad about yourself, feeling that you are a failure, or feeling that you have let yourself or your family down 7) Trouble concentrating on things such as reading the newspaper or watching television 8) Moving or speaking so slowly that other people could have noticed. 