(c) Not estimable as only the summary statistic was reported by Kotecha 2014181 and no additional information regarding the event rates were available from the original papers. (d) Control group risk was calculated as a median from the data included within the original CIBIS-II349 , SENIORS 230 publications, as this could not be attained from the IPD. Chronic Heart Failure Treating Heart Failure NICE 2018. All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights. ISBN: 978-1-4731-3093-7 6.2.2.4 Economic evidence Published literature No relevant health economic studies were identified. See also the health economic study selection flow chart in Appendix D. Unit costs In the absence of any economic analysis, unit costs for beta-blockers are presented in Table 36. Additional costs are likely to be incurred in the first year of beta-blocker initiation due to up-titration. These costs are presented in Table 37. The cost of heart failure hospitalisation and first year after stroke are also presented in Table 38 and Table 39 below. Table 36: UK unit costs of Beta-blockers Drug mg/unit Units/day Units/pack Cost/pack ( ) Cost/unit ( ) Cost/year ( ) Sources: NHS Drug Tariff, May 2016240 ; BNF May 2016161 Table 37: Additional first year costs for up-titration Description Unit cost Source Notes Community nurse specialist appointment 10-15 minute appointment occurring every 2 weeks until maximum tolerated dose achieved. Electrocardiogram 52.13 (a) NHS Reference Undertaken in first appointment, and may be repeated at later appointments if necessary. (a) Cost to direct access diagnostic services. Table 38: Cost of heart failure hospitalisation Description Unit cost Source Notes Chronic Heart Failure Treating Heart Failure NICE 2018. All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights. 