2004;CD003611. 605. Connolly SJ, Cybulsky I, Lamy A, et al. Double-blind, placebo- controlled, randomized trial of prophylactic metoprolol for reduction of hospital length of stay after heart surgery: the beta-Blocker Length Of Stay (BLOS) study. Am Heart J. 2003;145:226 32. 606. Andrews TC, Reimold SC, Berlin JA, et al. Prevention of supraven- tricular arrhythmias after coronary artery bypass surgery. A meta-anal- ysis of randomized control trials. Circulation. 1991;84:III236 44. 607. Mariscalco G, Klersy C, Zanobini M, et al. Atrial fibrillation after isolated coronary surgery affects late survival. Circulation. 2008;118: 1612 8. 608. Fuster V, Ryde n LE, Cannom DS, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused updates incorporated into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Asso- ciation Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2011;123: e269 367. 608a.Al-Khatib SM, Hafley G, Harrington RA, et al. Patterns of man- agement of atrial fibrillation complicating coronary artery bypass graft- ing: results from the PRoject of Ex-vivo Vein graft ENgineering via Transfection IV (PREVENT-IV) Trial. Am Heart J. 2009;158:792 8. 608b.Silverman NA, Wright R, Levitsky S. efficacy of low-dose propranolol in preventing postoperative supraventricular tachyarrhythmias: a pro- spective, randomized study. Ann Surg. 1982;196:194 7. 608c.Ali IM, Sanalla AA, Clark V. Beta-blocker effects on postoperative atrial fibrillation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1997;11:1154 7. 609. Ferguson TB Jr, Coombs LP, Peterson ED. Preoperative beta-blocker use and mortality and morbidity following CABG surgery in North America. JAMA. 2002;287:2221 7. 610. ten Broecke P, De Hert S, Mertens E. Effect of preoperative beta- blockade on perioperative mortality in coronary surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2003;90:27 31. 611. Weightman WM, Gibbs NM, Sheminant MR, et al. Drug therapy before coronary artery surgery: nitrates are independent predictors of mortality and beta-adrenergic blockers predict survival. Anesth Analg. 