Optimal Timing of Intervention: Stage C 1. Nicolau S, Ionescu T, Cleanoveanu G, et al. [National system for the reg- istration of congenital malformations and genetic diseases] [Article in Ro- manian]. Rev Pediatr Obstet Ginecol Pediatr. 1987;36:193 215. 2. Campo J, Tsoris A, Kruse J, et al. Prognosis of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis with and without surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2019;108:74 9. 3. Kataruka A, Otto CM. Valve durability after transcatheter aortic valve im- plantation. J Thorac Dis. 2018;10:S3629 S36. 4. Lindman BR, Arnold SV, Bagur R, et al. Priorities for patient-centered re- search in valvular heart disease: a report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9:e015975. 16.4. Better Options for Intervention: Stage D 1. Otto CM. Informed shared decisions for patients with aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:1769 70. 2. Lindman BR, Clavel M-A, Mathieu P, et al. Calcific aortic stenosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16006. 3. Lindman BR, Arnold SV, Bagur R, et al. Priorities for patient-centered re- search in valvular heart disease: a report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9:e015975. Appendix 1. Author Relationships With Industry and Other Entities (Relevant) 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease Committee Member Employment Consultant Speakers Bureau Ownership/ Partnership/ Principal Personal Research Institutional, Organizational, or Other Financial Benefit Expert Witness Voting Recusals by Section Catherine M. Otto (Co-Chair) University of Washington J. 