Among patients enrolled in the BARI (Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investi- gation) study,31 about 30% never returned to work after coronary revascularization, and 15% to 20% of patients rated their own health as fair or poor despite revascularization. Similarly, observational studies of patients recovering from an AMI demonstrated that 1 in 5 patients, even after intensive treatment at the time of their AMI, still suffered angina 1 year later.32 These data confirm the widespread clinical impression that IHD continues to be associated with considerable patient morbidity despite the decline in cardiovascular mortality rate. Patients who have had ACS, such as AMI, remain at risk for recurrent events even if they have no, or limited, symptoms and should be considered to have SIHD. In approximately 50% of patients, angina pectoris is the initial manifestation of IHD.27 The incidence of angina rises continuously with age in women, whereas the incidence of angina in men peaks between 55 and 65 years of age before declining.27 Despite angina s clinical importance and high frequency, modern, population-based data are quite limited, and these figures likely underestimate the true prevalence of The annual rates per 1000 population of new episodes of angina for nonblack men are 28.3 for ages 65 to 74 years, 36.3 for ages 75 to 84 years, and 33.0 for age $85 years. For nonblack women in the same age groups, the rates are 14.1, 20.0, and 22.9, respectively. For black men, the rates are 22.4, 33.8, and 39.5, and for black women, the rates are 15.3, 23.6, and 35.9, respectively.30 In a study conducted in Finland, the age-standardized, annual incidence of angina was 2.03 in men Further estimates of the prevalence of chronic, symptom- atic IHD can be obtained by extrapolating from data on ACS and, more specifically, AMI. 