An analysis of the Stroke Prevention in Young Women study, a population-based, case-control study of 386 women aged 15 to 49 years with incident stroke and 614 age- and ethnicity- matched control subjects, showed that women with probable migraine with visual aura were at 1.5-fold increased odds (95% CI, 1.1 2.0) of stroke compared with Women with this migraine type who also smoked cigarettes and used OCs had 7.0-fold higher odds (95% CI, 1.3 22.8) of stroke than women with probable migraine with visual aura who did not smoke or use OCs; however, women with probable migraine with visual aura who were OC users but nonsmokers did not have a signifi- cantly increased odds of stroke, which suggests the risk with both OC use and smoking in women with probable migraine with visual aura is additive.230 This was a biethnic cohort of black (representing a higher proportion of cases) and white women, whereas many of the large cohorts were limited to a northern European population. A consensus statement from both headache and stroke experts suggests screening for and treatment of all traditional stroke risk factors in women with migraine but does not state that low-dose OC use is Hormonal Contraception and BP The impact of OC use on BP, an important stroke risk fac- tor, and other hemodynamic parameters is somewhat contro- versial. 