It is clear that AF should not be considered in isolation, at the stage of detection, prevention, or treatment. For example, the majority of deaths in individuals with AF are from cardiac causes, including heart failure (HF), whereas stroke and bleeding represent a small subset of deaths, yet most interventions focus on stroke prevention.4 Thus, a more holistic approach is needed to take comorbidities and cross-disease sequelae of AF, bridging primary and secondary care.2 1128 Evidence-Based Medicine [ 1 5 4 # 5 C H E S T N O V E M B E R 2 0 1 8 ] Apart from stroke prevention ( A Avoid Stroke, use Anticoagulants), AF management requires patient-centered and symptom-directed decisions on rate or rhythm control ( B Better symptom management) as well as C Cardiovascular and other risk factor, and lifestyle The latter includes addressing risk factors (eg, cardiac ischemia, HF, hypertension, sleep apnea, diabetes) and lifestyle (eg, obesity, alcohol excess, stimulants). This simple ABC (Atrial brillation Better Care) approach would simplify an integrated approach to AF management in a holistic manner (Fig 1).2 This guideline focuses on stroke prevention and begins with a brief discussion of the methods used to develop these guidelines and the recommendations for antithrombotic therapy in patients with AF. 