A report from the Danish nationwide registry on patients undergoing an atrial utter ablation or an AF ablation procedure between 2000 and 2013 found that the rate of thromboembolic events for atrial utter patients was 0.46 per 100 person-years, not signi cantly different from that of patients presenting with AF (HR adjusted for several variables including The role of anticoagulant therapy for patients with atrial utter has not been evaluated in large randomized clinical trials, but because these patients often have concomitant AF or are at increased risk of developing AF, it is reasonable to base decisions regarding antithrombotic therapy on the same risk strati cation schemes and scores used for AF.3 Recommendation 44. For patients with atrial utter, we suggest that antithrombotic therapy decisions follow the same risk-based recommendations as for AF. (Ungraded consensus-based statement). Pregnancy AF and atrial utter are very rare during pregnancy, unless when there is an underlying structural heart disease or hyperthyroidism.417 Lone AF is uncommon in pregnancy and is associated with older age and late In countries where the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease is still high or among immigrants from these areas to Western countries, the prevalence of AF in pregnancy may be commonly related to rheumatic heart disease.418 Peri-partum cardiomyopathy AF is common, with a prevalence that may reach 10%, and may severely impair hemodynamic In a registry of > 250,000 pregnancies in Southern AF was evident in 0.6 per 1,000, more frequently in white women (1.1 per 1,000 pregnancies), and was associated with more advanced age, higher BMI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. 