The authors wish not only to improve the understanding of clinicians and researchers about stroke risk and prevention in women, but also to empower women to learn about their risk and how to reduce their chances of having a stroke. Although women benefit from drug therapies for hypertension similarly as men, fewer treated women achieve blood pressure control compared to men. Further research should uncover reasons for why this is the case, e.g., less intense treatment in women, inappropriate drug choices, lack of compliance, treatment resistance, biological factors that account for hormonal status, and perhaps others, Pregnancy-related hypertension is the leading cause of both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in pregnant and postpartum women. Women with pregnancy-related complications (pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension) have a substantially higher risk for future cardiovascular disease and stroke. Prospective studies in diverse populations are needed to discern whether pre-pregnancy risk factors or pregnancy- associated risk factors predispose women to subsequent risk of stroke. Additionally, there is need for studies in women who have had pregnancy complications to understand the trajectory of the development of cerebrovascular disease, and then to develop screening, risk stratification, and preventive strategies. The guidelines provide specific recommendations for the prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-related hypertension. Although only a Class IIa, Level of Evidence C recommendation, guidelines suggest that all women are evaluated for a history of pre- eclampsia/eclampsia and to document this history as a risk factor, then to evaluate and treat cardiovascular and stroke risk factors (hypertension, obesity, smoking, dyslipidemia). This is particularly important for those providers from whom women seek healthcare, such as primary care providers and obstetrician/gynecologists. Stroke from central venous and sinus thrombosis (CVT) is remarkably more common in women, and has been related to hormonal factors (contraceptive use, pregnancy) and thrombophilia. 