Patients with AF on VKA therapy Point-of-care testing, patient self-monitoring Usual care - Death - All stroke - Ischemic stroke - Systemic embolism - Intracranial hem- orrhage (subdural, subarachnoid, and intracerebral) - Major extracranial hemorrhage - MI - Vascular death SR RCTs Cohort studies Special situations 5.3a Patients with AF with stable coronary artery disease or peripheral arterial disease What are the bene ts and risks of adding aspirin therapy to VKA therapy? Patients with coronary artery disease or peripheral arterial disease OAC aspirin OAC - Death - All stroke - Ischemic stroke - Systemic embolism - Intracranial hem- orrhage (subdural, subarachnoid, and intracerebral) - Major extracranial hemorrhage - MI - Vascular death SR RCTs Cohort studies (Continued) Evidence-Based Medicine [ # C H E S T N O V E M B E R ] TABLE 1 ] (Continued) Section Question Patients Intervention Control Outcomes Methodology 5.3b Patients with AF presenting with ACS? As above Patients with ACS OAC aspirin clopidogrel Aspirin clopidogrel - Death - All stroke - Ischemic stroke - Systemic embolism - Intracranial hem- orrhage (subdural, subarachnoid, and intracerebral) - Major extracranial hemorrhage - MI - Vascular death SR RCTs Cohort studies 5.3c Patients with AF undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting As above Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention stenting OAC aspirin clopidogrel Aspirin clopidogrel - Death - All stroke - Ischemic stroke - Systemic embolism - Intracranial hem- orrhage (subdural, subarachnoid, and intracerebral) - Major extracranial hemorrhage - MI - Vascular death SR RCTs Cohort studies 5.4 Patients with AF being treated in a rhythm control strategy What are the bene ts and risks of OAC therapy in patients treated with a rhythm control strategy? 