Tighter BP control was associated with a reduction in risk of diabetes-related death, stroke, and progression of retinopathy. recruited 18,790 adults with diastolic BP between 100 and 115 mm Hg and randomized them to one of three diastolic BP targets: r90, r85, and r80 mm Hg. Among the 1501 subjects with diabetes (a relatively small proportion, suggesting under-representation of diabetics), the risk of major cardiovascular events in the group targeted to a diastolic BP r80 mm Hg was half that of the group targeted to 90 mm Hg. Baseline data on cardiovascular risk factors were not provided for the diabetic subgroup, leading some commentators to speculate whether this result was due to imbalance between the groups rather than to a genuine treatment effect. No data were given on urinary albumin excretion in the diabetic subgroup. The Appropriate Blood Pressure Control in Diabetes (ABCD) study was a 5-year prospective RCT comparing intensive and moderate BP control in patients with diabetes.221 The hypertensive arm comprised diabetic patients with a diastolic BP 490 mmHg randomized to a diastolic BP target of 75 mmHg or 80 to 89 mmHg. Patients assigned to the lower BP target were also randomized to receive either nisoldipine or enalapril. 