16, 2013 2013 ACCF/AHA Heart Failure Guidelines: Executive Summary October 15, 2013:1495 539 subsequent follow-up visits, the following should be addressed (57,337,339 341). (Level of Evidence: B): a. initiation of GDMT if not previously established and not contraindicated; b. precipitant causes of HF, barriers to optimal care tran- sitions, and limitations in postdischarge support; c. assessment of volume status and supine/upright hypo- tension with adjustment of HF therapy as appropriate; d. titration and optimization of chronic oral HF therapy; e. assessment of renal function and electrolytes where appropriate; f. assessment and management of comorbid conditions; g. reinforcement of HF education, self-care, emergency plans, and need for adherence; and h. consideration for palliative care or hospice care in selected patients. 3. Multidisciplinary HF disease-management programs are recommended for patients at high risk for hospital read- mission, to facilitate the implementation of GDMT, to address different barriers to behavioral change, and to reduce the risk of subsequent rehospitalization for HF (336,342 344). (Level of Evidence: B) CLASS IIa 1. Scheduling an early follow-up visit (within 7 to 14 days) and early telephone follow-up (within 3 days) of hospital discharge are reasonable (345,346). (Level of Evidence: B) 2. Use of clinical risk-prediction tools and/or biomarkers to identify patients at higher risk for postdischarge clinical events are reasonable (62). (Level of Evidence: B) 8. Important Comorbidities in HF Although there are additional and important comorbidities that occur in patients with HF as referenced in Table 24, it remains uncertain how best to generate speci c recommendations, given the status of current evidence. Interventional Treatments of HF: Recommendations See Table 25 for a summary of recommendations from this section. CLASS I 1. 