(2014) included 39 RCTs and compared pharmacist-led care to usual or collaborative care in over 14,000 patients with HTN. Compared with usual care, pharmacist-led interventions resulted in significantly greater improvements in both SBP (-8.5 mm Hg) and DBP (-4.6 mm Hg) over the mean follow-up period of eight months.[76] Four additional RCTs in the evidence base also evaluated blood pressure reduction via various pharmacist interventions and practice sites.[77-80] The study by Victor et al. (2019) reported a marked reduction in blood pressure when pharmacists provided care in barbershops catering to African American men. Significant and sustained reductions in mean SBP of approximately 20 mm Hg and mean DBP approaching 19 mm Hg were seen after 12 months in over 300 hypertensive patients versus control.[80] The lack of blinding is a limitation to this study. The study by Cheema et al. (2018), using community pharmacists who provided education and lifestyle and adherence advice, reported significant differences versus baseline for reductions in both SBP and DBP.[78] Interventions are not required to be face-to-face to show benefit. The SR by Santschi et al. (2014) included a trial of home blood pressure telemonitoring and pharmacist management intervention in which the interventions stopped after 12 months.[76] In the long-term follow-up of this study, benefits were seen beyond the 12 month intervention period, as Margolis et al. (2018) found that there were significantly greater reductions in SBP in the intervention group than in the usual care group at 6, 12, and 18 months (reductions of 10.7, 9.7, and 6.6 mm Hg, respectively). However, the results were not significant when evaluated at 53 months.[79] In contrast, no differences in blood pressure were noted in a small study that compared pharmacists with an education control.