Outcomes CRITICAL All-cause mortality during study (dichotomous) Quality of life during study (continuous) All-cause hospitalisations during study (dichotomous) Chronic Heart Failure Monitoring NICE 2018. All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights. ISBN: 978-1-4731-3093-7 IMPORTANT Adherence to intervention Study design Systematic reviews of RCTs RCTs 8.4.3 Clinical evidence This review was conducted as an update to an existing Cochrane review which included randomised trials comparing the effectiveness of telemonitoring and structured telephone support versus usual these are summarised in Table 90 and Table 91 below. A search was conducted from the publication date onwards in order to update the review, which led to a further five studies being identified for inclusion. These studies 7, 81, 247, 291, 320 are summarised in Table 92 below. Evidence from these studies is summarised in the clinical evidence summaries below (Table 93, Table 94 and Table 95). See also the study selection flow chart in Appendix C, forest plots in Appendix E, study evidence tables in Appendix F, GRADE tables in Appendix H and excluded studies list in Appendix I. A HTA report252 published in 2013, which reviewed the effectiveness of structured telephone support and telemonitoring in people recently admitted for an exacerbation of heart failure, was also identified. The Cochrane review was prioritised for update over this review as it included a broader population, was more recently published and included RCT level data only. were subsequently excluded by the Cochrane review as the intervention arms included home visits or were targeted at the caregiver as well as the person with heart failure. In addition to this two RCTs included in the Cochrane review 48, 376 on structured telephone support did not have any extractable data and were therefore excluded in this review. 