CLINICAL STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINES presence of inflammation and RV involvement on PET scanning was associated with increased risk of death or e g of relatives.S7.6-10 Electrophysiological studies in a series of 76 patients with evidence of cardiac sarcoid found that 11% had inducible VT. During a median follow-up of 5 years, 75% of patients with inducible VT had spontaneous VT or death compared with 1.5% of those who did not have inducible VT.S7.6-18 3. Electrophysiological study has been proposed as a potential tool for risk stratification of VA and SCD in patients who had demonstrable evidence of cardiac sarcoidosis based on imaging studies or biopsy, but do not have documented arrhythmias or arrhythmic symptoms nor meet standard pri- mary prevention criteria for ICD implantation. One study evaluated 76 patients with document- ed cardiac sarcoidosis by PET or cardiac MRI who underwent electrophysiological study.S7.6-12 Eight (11%) were inducible for sustained VAs and re- ceived an ICD, while the rest did not receive an ICD because they were not inducible. LVEF was lower in patients with inducible VA (36.4 + 4.2% versus 55.8 + 1.5%). Over a median follow-up of 5 years, 6 of 8 patients in the group with inducible VA had VA or died, compared with 1 death in the negative An important caveat is that it remains unclear if electrophysiological study is more predic- tive than LVEF alone, because inducibility appears to reversely correlate with LVEF. Furthermore, in this study the average LVEF of the inducible patients de- clined further during the followup period.S7.6-12 4. In addition to VA and LV dysfunction, conduction abnormalities, including heart block, can also be a common manifestation of cardiac sarcoidosis. Patients with documented VA and LV dysfunction are at increased risk of cardiac events including cardiac death. 