, Omega-3, red yeast rice, soluble fiber, garlic, ginger, plant sterols, green tea, niacin) on cardiovascular outcomes? 7 SRs and 1 RCT What is the effectiveness (vs. no intervention), comparative effectiveness (vs. a different dietary intervention), and safety of dietary therapy on cardiovascular outcomes? Does this vary by type of dietary therapy (e.g., Mediterranean, vegetarian, vegan, low-fat, or DASH diet), who is delivering the intervention (e.g., RD, or other health professionals), whether the intervention is standardized or individualized, patients age, gender, co-morbid conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, CKD), cardiovascular risk, or for primary vs. secondary prevention? What is the efficacy and safety of various forms of physical activity, including both aerobic exercise and resistance training, for primary and secondary prevention in patients with dyslipidemia? 3 SRs and 24 cohort studies Total Evidence Base 141 studies (some studies addressed more than 1 KQ) Abbreviations: ABI: ankle-brachial index; CAC: coronary artery calcium; CHF: congestive heart failure; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CT: computerized tomography; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DASH: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; hs-TnI: high-sensitivity troponin; IMT: intima-media thickness; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NT proBNP: N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide; PCSK9: proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9; RCT: randomized controlled trial; RD: registered dietitian; SR: systematic review; vs.: versus a. General Criteria for Inclusion in Systematic Review Clinical studies or SRs published on or after December 1, 2013, to May 16, 2019. If multiple SRs addressed a KQ, we selected the most recent and/or comprehensive review. SRs were supplemented with clinical studies published after the SR. Studies must be published in English. Publication must have been a full clinical study or SR; abstracts alone were not included. Similarly, letters, editorials, and other publications that are not full-length clinical studies were not accepted as evidence. 