Thiazide diuretics and thiazide-like diuretics reduce car- diovascular events, as demonstrated most convincingly in early studies such as the Veterans Administration studies,93 the MRC Trial,94 and in later studies such as These studies included subjects with CAD, and it is a reasonable assumption that diuretics are as effective in the secondary as in the primary prevention of cardiovascular events. Long-acting nitrates or CCBs can be prescribed for the relief of symptoms when -blockers are contraindicated or cause unac- ceptable side effects in patients with stable angina (Class I; Level of Evidence B).169 Long-acting nitrates or CCBs in combination with -blockers should be prescribed for relief of symptoms when initial therapy with -blockers is unsuccessful in patients with stable angina (Class I; Level of Evidence B). Nitrates should not be used with phosphodiesterase inhibitors of the sildenafil type. Hypertension does not affect the use of long-acting nitrates for the prevention of angina or of sublingual nitrate preparations for relief of an anginal attack. Conversely, nitrates have generally not been shown to be of use in the management of hypertension. The management of symptomatic CAD, particularly angina pectoris, is directed to the relief of the angina and the pre- vention of both the progression of CAD and coronary events. The mainstays of angina treatment are -blockers, CCBs, and nitrates. Pharmacological strategies for the prevention of car- diovascular events in these patients include ACE inhibitors, ARBs, thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics, -blockers (par- ticularly after MI), CCBs, antiplatelet drugs, and drugs for the treatment of dyslipidemia. 