When existing reviews were used, judgments of the original authors regarding risk of bias were accepted and checked for accuracy or conducted de novo. For new reviews, risk of bias was assessed at the outcome level using the Cochrane Collaboration s risk-of-bias tools for randomized trials or nonrandomized studies. In addition to conducting systematic reviews of intervention effects, the researchers searched for evidence related to baseline risks, values and preferences, and costs and summarized findings within the EtD frameworks.6,7,12 Subsequently, the certainty in the body of evidence (also known as quality of the evidence or confidence in the estimated effects) was assessed for each of the effects estimate of the outcomes of interest, test accuracy, and the importance of outcomes following the GRADE approach based on the following domains: risk of bias, precision, consistency and magnitude of the estimates of effects, directness of the evidence, risk of publication bias, presence of a dose-effect relationship, and an assessment of the effect of residual, opposing confounding. The certainty was categorized into 4 levels from very low to high.8-10 During a 2-day in-person meeting preceded and followed by online discussion, the panel developed clinical recommendations based on the evidence summarized in the EtD tables. For each recommendation, the panel took a population perspective and agreed on the following: the certainty in the evidence, the balance of benefits and harms of the compared management options, and inferences regarding the values and preferences associated with the decision. The guideline panel explicitly considered the extent of resource use associated with alternative management options. The guideline panel agreed on the recommendations (including direction and strength), remarks, and qualifications on the basis of consensus or, in rare instances, by voting, based on the balance of all desirable and undesirable consequences. 