Nevertheless, it was the opinion of the Work Group that recommendations for the general population are likely to apply in CKD. Values and preferences. This recommendation places a relatively high value on physical activity as a nonpharmacologic intervention, with substantial evidence for BP lowering, im- provements in dysglycemia, and other CV and health bene ts in the general population. The high prevalence of hypertension, dysglycemia, and CV disease in CKD populations suggests that the absolute bene t of physical activity may be especially high in people with CKD if the established relative bene ts in the general population are indeed applicable to CKD. The higher potential for bene t is possibly offset by the high prevalence of comorbidity and frailty in CKD populations, which might limit the level of physical activity CKD patients can achieve and in- crease the risk of adverse events. However, the data on critical outcomes are not available, and those for other health bene ts and risks are limited in CKD populations, leading to a weak recommendation. The Work Group recognizes that some patients may have limited ability to exercise due to severe cardiorespiratory ill- nesses and physical or cognitive limitations, and may not be able to achieve physical activity levels recommended for the general population. In such individuals, targets can be indi- vidualized by patients and healthcare providers. The Work Group judged that most patients would bene t from efforts to perform physical activity regularly, even if not achieving the targets set for the general population. Patients in whom chapter 2 www.kidney-international.org physical activity is less feasible due to comorbidity may be less inclined to follow the recommendation, as with those who place a lower potential value on the uncertain bene ts asso- ciated with physical activity. Resource use and costs. 