Review and analysis of existing mobile phone apps to support heart failure symptom monitoring and self-care management using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS). JMIR mHealth and uHealth. 2016;4:e74. 97. Gardetto NJ. Self-management in heart failure: where have we been and where should we go? J Multidiscip Healthc. 2011;4:39 51. 98. Peterson PN, Shetterly SM, Clarke CL, et al. Health literacy and outcomes among patients with heart fail- ure. JAMA. 2011;305:1695 701. 99. Riegel B, Dickson VV. A qualitative secondary data analysis of intentional and unintentional medication nonadherence in adults with chronic heart failure. Heart Lung. 2016;45:468 74. 100. Zhang Y, Baik SH. Race/ethnicity, disability, and medication adherence among Medicare bene ciaries with heart failure. J Gen Intern Med. 2014;29:602 7. 101. Choudhry NK, Avorn J, Glynn RJ, et al. Full coverage for preventive medications after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:2088 97. 102. Kini V, Ho PM. Interventions to improve medica- tion adherence: a review. JAMA. 2018;320:2461 73. 103. Vaduganathan M, Fonarow GC, Greene SJ, et al. Contemporary treatment patterns and clinical out- comes of comorbid diabetes mellitus and HFrEF: the CHAMP-HF Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol HF. 2020;8: 469 80. 104. Khazanie P, Liang L, Curtis LH, et al. Clinical effectiveness of hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate therapy in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: ndings from the Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure registry. Circ Heart Fail. 2016; 9:e002444. 105. Fitzgerald AA, Powers JD, Ho PM, et al. Impact of medication nonadherence on hospitalizations and mortality in heart failure. J Card Fail. 2011;17:664 9. 106. Chin KL, Skiba M, Tonkin A, et al. The treatment gap in patients with chronic systolic heart failure: a systematic review of evidence-based prescribing in practice. Heart Fail Rev. 2016;21:675 97. 107. Greene SJ, Fonarow GC, DeVore AD, et al. 