Risk Assessment Using Clinical Parameters e380 3.2. Advanced Testing: Resting and Stress Noninvasive Testing e381 3.2.1. Resting Imaging to Assess Cardiac Structure and Function: Recommendations e381 Fihn et al Stable Ischemic Heart Disease: Full Text e355 3.2.2. Stress Testing and Advanced Imaging in Patients With Known SIHD Who Require Noninvasive Testing for Risk Assessment: Recommendations e383 3.2.2.1. Risk Assessment in Patients Able to Exercise e383 3.2.2.2. Risk Assessment in Patients Unable to Exercise e383 3.2.2.3. Risk Assessment Regardless of Patients Ability to Exercise e384 3.2.2.4. Exercise ECG e385 3.2.2.5. Exercise Echocardiography and Exercise Nuclear MPI e385 3.2.2.6. Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography and Pharmacological Stress Nuclear MPI e386 3.2.2.7. Pharmacological Stress CMR Imaging e386 3.2.2.8. Special Patient Group: Risk Assessment in Patients Who Have an Uninterpretable ECG Because of LBBB or Ventricular Pacing e386 3.2.3. Prognostic Accuracy of Anatomic Testing to Assess Risk in Patients With Known CAD e387 3.2.3.1. Coronary CT Angiography e387 3.3. Coronary Angiography e387 3.3.1. Coronary Angiography as an Initial Testing Strategy to Assess Risk: Recommendations e387 3.3.2. Coronary Angiography to Assess Risk After Initial Workup With Noninvasive Testing: Recommendations e387 4. Treatment e389 4.1. Definition of Successful Treatment e389 4.2. General Approach to Therapy e390 4.2.1. Factors That Should Not Influence Treatment Decisions e392 4.2.2. Assessing Patients Quality of Life e393 4.3. Patient Education: Recommendations e393 4.4. Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy e395 4.4.1. Risk Factor Modification: Recommendations e395 4.4.1.1. Lipid Management e395 4.4.1.2. Blood Pressure Management e397 4.4.1.3. Diabetes Management e398 4.4.1.4. Physical Activity e399 4.4.1.5. Weight Management e400 4.4.1.6. Smoking Cessation Counseling e401 4.4.1.7. Management of Psychological Factors e401 4.4.1.8. Alcohol Consumption e402 4.4.1.9. Avoiding Exposure to Air Pollution e403 4.4.2. Additional Medical Therapy to Prevent MI and Death: Recommendations e403 4.4.2.1. Antiplatelet Therapy e403 4.4.2.2. Beta-Blocker Therapy e404 Aldosterone Blocker Therapy e405 4.4.2.4. 