Practitioners would bene t from under- standing the guidelines and the underlying data and rationale, and can tailor the target and treatment strategy for individual patients according to overall health conditions, response and tolerability to SBP lowering, as well as their preferences. Shared decision-making with individual patients is essential. The practitioners should provide general information and individualized considerations of the pros and cons of the treatment option and explain that the evidence for intensive SBP targets is more certain in some groups (e.g., those who would have been eligible for SPRINT) and less certain in others (e.g., people with diabetes, advanced CKD with , older adults aged >90 years, and those with severe hypertension [e.g., SBP >180 mm Hg or >150 mm Hg on >4 antihypertensive drugs]). As worded, the recommendation states that clinicians should target an SBP <120 mm Hg. In practice, adoption of this recommendation in a population of patients with CKD will result in a median SBP around 120 mm Hg, meaning that 50% of patients will have SBP >120 mm Hg at any one time. A more stringent recommendation would be that all patients should achieve an SBP <120 mm Hg. This would require an even lower target or threshold for intervention. However, adoption of this more stringent recommendation would go beyond the available evidence. SPRINT targeted an SBP <120 mm Hg; the mean achieved SBP was 121.4 mm Hg. 