While every effort is made to ensure that drug doses and other quantities are presented accurately, readers are advised that new methods and techniques involving drug usage, and described within this Journal, should only be followed in conjunction with the drug manufacturer s own published literature. Table 2 | Examples of situations in which measuring cholesterol level might or might not change the management implied by Already receiving statin? Would measuring cholesterol level change management? Y No; patient is already receiving statin N No; statin is already indicated based on Recommendation 2.1.1 and ACR of 110 mg/mmol (1100 mg/g) N No; statin is already indicated based on Recommendation 2.1.2 , who is a smoker and has diabetes and hypertension N No; statin is already indicated based on Recommendation 2.1.3 because predicted 10-year risk of coronary death or MI 410% regardless of cholesterol level , who is a non-smoker without diabetes or hypertension Y No; patient is already receiving statin , who is a non-smoker without diabetes or hypertension N Yes; patient s predicted 10-year risk of coronary death or MI could vary from 5 to 20% based on cholesterol level. This would change the decision to prescribe a statin based on Recommendation 2.1.3 , who is a non-smoker without diabetes or hypertension N No; patient s predicted 10-year risk of coronary death or MI is o10% regardless of cholesterol level Abbreviations: ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MI, myocardial infarction. Chapter 2: Pharmacological cholesterol-lowering treatment in adults INTRODUCTION Therapeutic lifestyle measures to reduce serum cholesterol levels have been broadly recommended by prior guide- Although clinically appealing, such measures typically reduce serum cholesterol to only a small extent, and have not been shown to improve clinical outcomes (Supplemental Tables 1 5 online). 