. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e165 13.1. Initial Management of Women With VHD Before and During Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . e165 13.1.1. Medical Therapy for Women With VHD Before and During Pregnancy e166 13.1.2. Intervention for Women With Native VHD Before and During Pregnancy e166 13.2. Prosthetic Valves in Pregnant Women . . . . . . . e169 13.2.1. Initial Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e169 13.2.2. Anticoagulation for Pregnant Women With Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e170 14. Surgical Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e174 14.1. Evaluation and Management of CAD in Patients With VHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e174 14.1.1. Management of CAD in Patients Undergoing TAVI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e174 14.1.2. Management of CAD in Patients Undergoing Valve Surgery . . . . . . . . . e176 14.2. Intervention for AF in Patients With VHD . . . . e177 15. Noncardiac Surgery in Patients With VHD . . . . . . . . . e178 15.1. Diagnosis of Patients With VHD Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery . . . . . . . . 