10 mm Hg higher DBP were each associated with a doubling in the risk of death from stroke, heart disease, or other vas- cular disease. In a separate observational study including >1 million adult patients 30 years of age, higher SBP and DBP were associated with increased risk of CVD incidence and angina, myocardial infarction (MI), HF, stroke, peripheral artery disease (PAD), and abdominal aortic aneurysm, each An increased risk of CVD asso- ciated with higher SBP and DBP has been reported across a broad age spectrum, from 30 years to >80 years of age. Although the relative risk of incident CVD associated with higher SBP and DBP is smaller at older ages, the correspond- ing high BP related increase in absolute risk is larger in older persons ( 65 years) given the higher absolute risk of CVD at an older age.S2.1-1 2.2. BP Components Epidemiological studies have evaluated associations of SBP and DBP, as well as derived components of BP measurements (including pulse pressure, mean BP, and mid-BP), with CVD outcomes (Table 4). When considered separately, higher levels of both SBP and DBP have been associated with increased Higher SBP has consistently been associ- ated with increased CVD risk after adjustment for, or within strata of, DBP.S2.2-3 S2.2-5 In contrast, after consideration of SBP through adjustment or stratification, DBP has not been con- sistently associated with CVD risk.S2.2-6,S2.2-7 Although pulse pressure and mid-BP have been associated with increased CVD risk independent of SBP and DBP in some studies, SBP (especially) and DBP are prioritized in the present document because of the robust evidence base for these measures in both observational studies and clinical tri- als and because of their ease of measurement in practice 2.3. 