SRs must have searched MEDLINE or EMBASE for eligible publications, performed a risk of bias assessment of included studies, and assessed the quality of evidence using a recognizable rating system, such as GRADE or something compatible (e.g., the one used by the AHRQ Evidence-based Practice Centers). If an existing review did not assess the overall quality of the evidence, evidence from the review must have been reported in a manner that allowed us to judge the overall risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision of evidence. We did not use an existing review as evidence if we were not able to assess the overall quality of the evidence in the review. Intervention studies must have assessed pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment and have been a prospective, RCT with an independent control group. Crossover trials were not included. Study must have enrolled at least 30 patients (15 per study group) unless otherwise noted (see Key Question Specific Criteria below). Study must have enrolled at least 85% of patients who met the study population criteria: adults aged 18 years or older who have or might be at risk for developing HTN. Study must have had follow-up data for at least 85% of enrolled participants. Study must have reported on at least one critical or important outcome of interest. b. Key Question Specific Criteria For all KQs, SRs of clinical study types appropriate for the respective key question (as outlined below) were the first line of evidence KQ 1: RCTs and diagnostic cohort studies that reported on the diagnostic characteristics of the screening test (e.g.