Summary of included studies Table 75: Summary of RCTs included in the review Study Intervention and comparison Population Outcomes Comments Cowie (Cowie , Cowie ) Intervention: aerobic circuit (guided by DVD and booklet), 2 weekly phone calls by a physiotherapist; no other treatments reported Frequency: twice per week Duration: 1 hour Intensity: 40-60% heart rate reserve or Borg 12-13, Control: As home but supervised (led by physiotherapist) and hospital-based; no other treatments n = 60 Age (range): 65.8 Gender: 85% male NYHA class II and Mean ejection fraction: NR (systolic dysfunction) Family origin not reported Single centre UK Mortality QoL(MLWHF) Exercise capacity (ISWT) Adherence Maximum duration of follow-up: 2 months The study reported median values only for the outcome QoL (MLWHF), therefore it has not been included in the analysis Daskapan Intervention: Outdoor Walking & n = 29 Mortality Exercise capacity Maximum duration of follow-up: Chronic Heart Failure Rehabilitation in chronic heart failure NICE 2018. All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights. ISBN: 978-1-4731-3093-7 Study Intervention and comparison Population Outcomes Comments weekly phone calls provided; no other treatments reported Frequency: 3 sessions per week Duration: 45 minutes Intensity: up to 60% peak heart rate (RPE 12-16) Control: As home but supervised laboratory based (treadmill walking) Age (mean SD): Gender: 73% male NYHA class II and Mean ejection Family origin not reported Single centre Turkey Adherence Data obtained on mortality by personal contact Hwang Intervention: Aerobic and strength training exercises delivered via a synchronous videoconferencing platform across the internet. Participants were provided with additional home exercises to be undertaken three times per week. Educational topics were delivered as electronic slide presentations with a 15 minute interaction period held prior to the exercise session to discuss this. 