See Table XCV in online Data Supplement 1 for original wording. 3.14. Other COR LOE New, Revised, or Unchanged Transcranial near-infrared laser therapy is not recommended for the treatment of AIS. III: No Benefit B-R Recommendation revised from 2013 AIS Guidelines. Previous data suggested that transcranial near-infrared laser therapy for stroke held promise as a therapeutic intervention through data published in NEST (Neurothera Effectiveness and Safety Trial)-1 and NEST-2.236 238 Such basic science and preclinical data culminated in the NEST-3 trial, which was a prospective RCT. This trial investigated the use of transcranial laser therapy for the treatment of ischemic stroke between 4.5 and 24 hours of stroke onset in patients with moderate stroke (NIHSS score 7 17) who did not receive IV alteplase.239 This study was terminated because of futility after analysis of the first 566 patients found no benefit of transcranial laser therapy over sham treatment. There is currently no evidence that transcranial laser therapy is beneficial in the treatment of ischemic stroke. See Table LIV in online Data Supplement 1. 3.11. Volume Expansion/Hemodilution, Vasodilators, and Hemodynamic Augmentation (Continued) COR LOE New, Revised, or Unchanged 4. In-Hospital Management of AIS: General Supportive Care 4.1. Stroke Units 4.1. Stroke Units COR LOE New, Revised, or Unchanged The use of comprehensive specialized stroke care (stroke units) that incorporates rehabilitation is recommended. I A Recommendation unchanged from 2013 AIS Guidelines. The use of standardized stroke care order sets is recommended to improve general management. I B-NR Recommendation and COR unchanged from 2013 AIS Guidelines. LOE amended to conform with ACC/AHA 2015 Recommendation Classification System. 4.2 Head Positioning 4.2 Head Positioning COR LOE New, Revised, or Unchanged The benefit of flat-head positioning early after hospitalization for stroke is uncertain. IIb B-R New recommendation. 