Beta blockers reduce adverse cardiac events for long QT syndrome type 1 (Figure 10) (>95%), long QT syndrome type 2 (Figure 11) (>75%), and females with long QT syndrome type 3 (Figure 12) There are limited data regarding efficacy of beta blockers in males with long QT syndrome type 3S7.9.1.1-3,S7.9.1.1-35,S7.9.1.1-36 but, in selected patients, beta blockers can be protective against SCA.S7.9.1.1-36,S7.9.1.1-37 Several observational studies have reported effectiveness for risk reduction in long QT syndrome with pro- pranolol, atenolol, and nadolol with appropriate while meto- prolol appears less effective.S7.9.1.1-41 RCTs to assess comparative efficacy of specific beta blockers are unavailable, although many centers favor the use of nadolol. For long QT syndrome type 1, 1 study reported atenolol reduced risk of VA while nado- lol was not associated with risk reduction.S7.9.1.1-2 For long QT syndrome type 2, nadolol was reported to show superior efficacy.S7.9.1.1-1,S7.9.1.1-2 Patients receiving a beta blocker should undergo ongoing monitoring to assess changes in QTc over time, and adequacy of beta blockade with 2. High-risk patients with long QT syndrome include those with QTc >500 ms, genotypes long QT syndrome type 2 and long QT syn- drome type 3, females with genotype long QT syndrome type 2, <40 years of age, onset of symptoms at <10 years of age, and patients with prior cardiac arrest or recurrent Women with long QT syndrome type 2 are at a higher risk of postpartum cardiac arrest/ and should receive prepreg- nancy counseling. Patients with long QT syn- drome and recurrent syncope while receiving a beta blocker have an increased risk of SCA or appropriate ICD shocksS7.9.1.1-9 and escalation of therapy is warranted to prevent SCD. Earlier stud- ies reported benefit of antibradycardia pacing, Table 10. 