Conclusion There is substantial new evidence since AT9 about how to treat VTE. This evidence led the panel to change many of the AT9 recommendations that are included in this update, and has strengthened the evidence quality that underlies others that are unchanged. We now suggest the use of NOACs over VKA for the treatment of VTE in patients without cancer. Although we still suggest LMWH as the preferred long-term treatment for VTE and cancer, we no longer suggest VKA over NOACs in these patients. Although we note factors in individual patients that may favor selection of one NOAC over another in patients without or with cancer, or may favor selection of either a NOAC or VKA in patients with cancer, we have not expressed an overall preference for one NOAC over another, or for either a NOAC or VKA in patients with cancer, because: (1) there are no direct comparisons of different NOACs; (2) NOACs have not been compared with VKA in a broad spectrum of patients with VTE and cancer; and (3) indirect comparisons have not shown convincingly different outcomes with different NOACs. Another notable change in AT10 is that, based on a new low risk of bias study, we now suggest that graduated compression stocking are not routinely used to prevent PTS. Recommendations that are unchanged but are now supported by better evidence include: (1) discouragement of IVC lter use in anticoagulated patients; (2) encouragement of inde nite anticoagulant therapy after a rst unprovoked PE; and (3) discouragement of thrombolytic therapy in PE patients who are not hypotensive and are not deteriorating on anticoagulation. Of the 54 recommendations that are included in the 30 statements in this update, 20 (38%) are strong recommendations (Grade 1) and none is based on high- quality (Grade A) evidence. 