Sex Differences in Outcome Overall, patients with CVT have lower mortality and bet- ter functional outcomes than most stroke subtypes.191,192 Predictors for poor outcome include age, malignancy, central nervous system infection, and intracranial hemorrhage.191 The mortality rate was only 2.8% in the most recent large study, and in general, patients had good functional outcomes (89.1% of patients had a complete recovery, with a modified Rankin score of 0 1).199 A post hoc analysis of patients followed up in the ISCVT found that male sex was associated with poorer outcomes at follow-up (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.01 2.52) and that significantly more women recovered completely after 6 This was driven in large part by improved outcomes in a subset of women who had an identified gender-specific risk factor (OC use, pregnancy, puerperium, and hormone replacement therapy), present in Women with other underlying risk factors for CVT unrelated to these sex-specific factors had similar outcomes as males. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that the absence of sex-specific risk factors was a strong and independent predictor of poor outcome in women with CVT (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.9 7.4). Although there was a trend toward higher mortality in males, this was not significant.193 No association between sex and mortality rates was seen in the recent Nationwide Inpatient Sample of 3488 patients; however, the mortality was higher in that cohort (4.39%), which contained a surprisingly large number of patients with In a larger sample of 11400 records from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample data set, the most common condition associated with CVT was pregnancy/puerperium (seen in 24.6% of patients). 