Schulman S, Kearon C. De nition of major bleeding in clinical investigations of antihemostatic medicinal products in non-surgical patients. J Thromb Haemost. 2005;3(4):692-694. 72. Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial brillation. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(12):1139-1151. 73. Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial brillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(10):883- 891. 74. Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial brillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(11):981-992. 75. Hori M, Matsumoto M, Tanahashi N, et al. Rivaroxaban vs. warfarin in Japanese patients with atrial brillation the J-ROCKET AF study. Circ J. 2012;76(9):2104-2111. 76. Giugliano RP, Ruff CT, Braunwald E, et al. Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial brillation. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(22):2093-2104. 77. Chao TF, Lip GYH, Lin YJ, et al. Incident risk factors and major bleeding in patients with atrial brillation treated with oral anticoagulants: a comparison of baseline, follow-up and Delta HAS-BLED scores with an approach focused on modi able bleeding risk factors. Thromb Haemost. 2018;118(4):768-777. 78. Chao TF, Lip GYH, Lin YJ, et al. Major bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage risk prediction in patients with atrial brillation: attention to modi able bleeding risk factors or use of a bleeding risk strati cation score? A nationwide cohort study. Int J Cardiol. 2018;254:157-161. 79. Guo Y, Zhu H, Chen Y, Lip GYH. Comparing bleeding risk assessment focused on modi able risk factors only versus validated bleeding risk scores in atrial brillation. Am J Med. 2018;131(2): 185-192. 80. Esteve-Pastor MA, Rivera-Caravaca JM, Shantsila A, Roldan V, Lip GYH, Marin F. Assessing bleeding risk in atrial brillation patients: comparing a bleeding risk score based only on modi able bleeding risk factors against the HAS-BLED Score. The AMADEUS Trial. 