As reported in several prospective and retrospec- tive studies, the risk of exercise testing is low in asymptomatic patients with AS. However, exer- cise testing is avoided in symptomatic patients with AS because of a high risk of complications, including syncope, ventricular tachycardia, and death. In a prospective survey of 20 medical cen- ters in Sweden that included 50000 exercise tests done over an 18-month period, the complication rate was 18.4 per 10000 tests; morbidity rate, 5.2 per 10000 tests; and mortality rate, 0.4 per 10000 tests. Although the number of patients with AS was not reported, 12 of the 92 complica- tions occurred in patients with AS: 8 had a decline in blood pressure during exercise, 1 had asystole, and 3 had ventricular tachycardia.2,4,5,7 10,12 3.2.2. Medical Therapy Recommendations for Medical Therapy of AS Referenced studies that support the recommendations are summarized in Online Data Supplement 5. COR LOE Recommendations In patients at risk of developing AS (Stage A) and in patients with asymptomatic AS (Stages B and C), hypertension should be treated according to standard GDMT, started at a low dose, and gradually titrated upward as needed, with appropriate clinical In all patients with calcific AS, statin therapy is indicated for primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerosis on the basis of standard risk scores.4 6 In patients who have undergone TAVI, renin angiotensin system blocker therapy (ACE inhibitor or ARB) may be considered to reduce the long-term risk of all-cause mortality.7,8 Benefit A In patients with calcific AS (Stages B and C), statin therapy is not indicated for prevention of hemodynamic progression of AS.4 6 Synopsis Medical treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia according to GDMT is appropriate for patients with AS. 