Patent foramen ovale closure or medical therapy for secondary pre- vention of cryptogenic stroke: an update meta-analysis of random- ized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97:e11965. doi: 494. Schulze V, Lin Y, Karathanos A, Brockmeyer M, Zeus T, Polzin A, Perings S, Kelm M, Wolff G. Patent foramen ovale closure or medical therapy for cryptogenic ischemic stroke: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Res Cardiol. 2018;107:745 755. doi: 495. Fiorelli EM, Carandini T, Gagliardi D, Bozzano V, Bonzi M, Tobaldini E, Comi GP, Scarpini EA, Montano N, Solbiati M. Secondary prevention of cryptogenic stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intern Emerg Med. 2018;13:1287 1303. doi: 496. Xu HB, Zhang H, Qin Y, Xue F, Xiong G, Yang L, Bai H, Wu J. Patent foramen ovale closure versus medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke: An updated meta-analysis. J Neurol Sci. 2018;390:139 149. doi: 497. Tsivgoulis G, Katsanos AH, Mavridis D, Frogoudaki A, Vrettou AR, Ikonomidis I, Parissis J, Deftereos S, Karapanayiotides T, Palaiodimou L, et al. Percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure for secondary stroke prevention: network meta-analysis. Neurology. 2018;91:e8 e18. doi: 498. Ahmad Y, Howard JP, Arnold A, Shin MS, Cook C, Petraco R, Demir O, Williams L, Iglesias JF, Sutaria N, et al. Patent foramen ovale closure vs. medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke: a meta-analysis of ran- domized controlled trials. Eur Heart J. 2018;39:1638 1649. doi: 499. Riaz H, Khan MS, Schenone AL, Waheed AA, Khan AR, Krasuski RA. Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale following cryptogenic stroke: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am Heart J. 2018;199:44 50. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2018.01.008 500. Shah R, Nayyar M, Jovin IS, RashidA, Bondy BR, Fan TM, Flaherty MP, Rao SV. 