All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights. ISBN: 978-1-4731-3093-7 hospitalisations (n=945). Mortality did not demonstrate a clear effect with the confidence interval ranging from a decrease and increase in all-cause mortality. BBs: For the comparison of BBs versus placebo the majority of the evidence was rated as very low quality. The outcome all-cause mortality suggested a clinically important reduction in deaths for CKD class 3a (n=1645) and CKD class 3b-4 (n=958) with BBs. This was also the case for the composite outcome of death or hospitalisation (CKD class 3a (n=669) and hospitalisation alone (CKD class 3a (n=870) and CKD class 3b-4 (n=341)). There was also a clinically important reduction in HF hospitalisations for both CKD class 3a (n=669) and CKD class 3b-4 (n=450) with BBs. For the outcomes bradycardia and hypotension there was no clinical effect of BBs (n=886). Mortality in the CKD class 3-4 (n=704) and CKD class 3b-4 (n=235))did not demonstrate a clear effect with the confidence interval ranging from a decrease and increase in all-cause mortality. Digoxin: For the comparison of digoxin versus placebo the majority of the evidence was rated as very low quality. Mortality in both CKD class 3a-b (n=2939) and CKD class 4-5 (n=218)did not demonstrate a clear effect with the confidence interval ranging from a decrease and increase in all-cause mortality.This was also the case for the composite outcome of death or hospitalisation which again showed a clinically important reduction in events with digoxin. Ivabradine: For the comparison of ivabradine versus placebo the evidence ranged from low to very low quality, and suggested no clinical effect of ivabradine on the outcomes renal function (n=865), renal failure (n=1579), hyperkalaemia (n=1579) and symptomatic bradycardia (n=1579). MRAs: For the comparison of MRA versus placebo the evidence ranged from low to very low quality. 