Instruction: Where is the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center located?

Output: —Department

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where is the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center located?. ### Response: —Department.


Instruction: What is the cause of chronic secondary MR and serves as a baseline for future comparisons?

Output: ischemic MR

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the cause of chronic secondary MR and serves as a baseline for future comparisons?. ### Response: ischemic MR.


Instruction: What is defined as an ERO 40 mm2 in patients with severe MR?

Output: severe MR

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is defined as an ERO 40 mm2 in patients with severe MR?. ### Response: severe MR.


Instruction: In patients with moderate MR, what is the prognosis for both ischemic and nonischemic patients?

Output: poor

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In patients with moderate MR, what is the prognosis for both ischemic and nonischemic patients?. ### Response: poor.


Instruction: What is the prognosis for both ischemic and non-ischemic MR?

Output: poor

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the prognosis for both ischemic and non-ischemic MR?. ### Response: poor.


Instruction: What is STICH?

Output: Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is STICH?. ### Response: Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure.


Instruction: How long did the STICH trial last?

Output: 10-year

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long did the STICH trial last?. ### Response: 10-year.


Instruction: What was the survival rate in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy?

Output: 10-year

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the survival rate in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy?. ### Response: 10-year.


Instruction: What is usually adequate to rule out significant CAD and thus rule out ischemic MR?

Output: CT angiog-raphy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is usually adequate to rule out significant CAD and thus rule out ischemic MR?. ### Response: CT angiog-raphy.


Instruction: If CAD is detected and noninvasive testing demonstrates areas of viability, what is done to better define the anatomy for potential revascularization?

Output: coronary arteriography

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: If CAD is detected and noninvasive testing demonstrates areas of viability, what is done to better define the anatomy for potential revascularization?. ### Response: coronary arteriography.


Instruction: The presence of myocardial viability did not determine what?

Output: the effect of revascularization on survival

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: The presence of myocardial viability did not determine what?. ### Response: the effect of revascularization on survival.


Instruction: What did not determine the effect of revascularization on survival in the STICH trial?

Output: myocardial viability

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did not determine the effect of revascularization on survival in the STICH trial?. ### Response: myocardial viability.


Instruction: There is a subset of patients with viable myocar-dium in whom the ischemic MR will respond to what?

Output: revascularization

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: There is a subset of patients with viable myocar-dium in whom the ischemic MR will respond to what?. ### Response: revascularization.


Instruction: Clinical trials have identified anatomic consid-erations, detectable by what instrument?

Output: TEE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Clinical trials have identified anatomic consid-erations, detectable by what instrument?. ### Response: TEE.


Instruction: What is detectable by TEE?

Output: anatomic consid-erations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is detectable by TEE?. ### Response: anatomic consid-erations.


Instruction: What can identify patients with secondary MR who have a valve morphology amenable to TEER?

Output: anatomic consid-erations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can identify patients with secondary MR who have a valve morphology amenable to TEER?. ### Response: anatomic consid-erations.


Instruction: In the COAPT trial, what criteria were included?

Output: vertical coaptation length <2 mm in valves with leaflet tethering

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In the COAPT trial, what criteria were included?. ### Response: vertical coaptation length <2 mm in valves with leaflet tethering.


Instruction: What was the vertical coaptation length in valves with leaflet tethering?

Output: <2 mm

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the vertical coaptation length in valves with leaflet tethering?. ### Response: <2 mm.


Instruction: Evidence of calci-fication in the grasping area of the A2 or P2 scallops?

Output: leaflet tethering

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Evidence of calci-fication in the grasping area of the A2 or P2 scallops?. ### Response: leaflet tethering.


Instruction: What is the standard preproce-dural imaging to determine suitability for TEER?

Output: TEE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the standard preproce-dural imaging to determine suitability for TEER?. ### Response: TEE.


Instruction: What assists in guiding posi-tioning of the clip(s)?

Output: TEE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What assists in guiding posi-tioning of the clip(s)?. ### Response: TEE.


Instruction: How many clips are needed to reduce MR?

Output: more than a single clip

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many clips are needed to reduce MR?. ### Response: more than a single clip.


Instruction: When was the clip downloaded from http://ahajournals.org?

Output: April 27, 2023

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the clip downloaded from http://ahajournals.org?. ### Response: April 27, 2023.


Instruction: Who published the 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease?

Output: Otto et al

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who published the 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease?. ### Response: Otto et al.


Instruction: What is the date of publication of the 2021 Circulation. 2021;143:e72–e227?

Output: February 2

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the date of publication of the 2021 Circulation. 2021;143:e72–e227?. ### Response: February 2.


Instruction: Who wrote the 2019 Heart. 2019:105:1610–1?

Output: Atkins SK, Aikawa E. Valve under the microscope: shining a light on emerging technologies elucidating disease mechanisms. Heart. 2019;105:1610–1. 5. Peeters

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who wrote the 2019 Heart. 2019:105:1610–1?. ### Response: Atkins SK, Aikawa E. Valve under the microscope: shining a light on emerging technologies elucidating disease mechanisms. Heart. 2019;105:1610–1. 5. Peeters.


Instruction: What is a biomolecular approach towards diagnosis and treatment of calcific aortic valve stenosis?

Output: Multimodality imaging

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a biomolecular approach towards diagnosis and treatment of calcific aortic valve stenosis?. ### Response: Multimodality imaging.


Instruction: What is Carapetis JR's specialty?

Output: Rheumatic heart disease in developing countries

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Carapetis JR's specialty?. ### Response: Rheumatic heart disease in developing countries.


Instruction: Where is rheumatic heart disease prevalent?

Output: developing countries

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where is rheumatic heart disease prevalent?. ### Response: developing countries.


Instruction: What is a population-based study of the burden of valvular heart diseases?

Output: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a population-based study of the burden of valvular heart diseases?. ### Response: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group.


Instruction: What is an executive summary of heart disease?

Output: a report from the American Heart As-sociation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is an executive summary of heart disease?. ### Response: a report from the American Heart As-sociation.


Instruction: How does TGF- signalling and reactive oxy-gen species drive fibrosis and matrix remodelling in myxomatous mitral valves?

Output: TGF-β signalling

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How does TGF- signalling and reactive oxy-gen species drive fibrosis and matrix remodelling in myxomatous mitral valves?. ### Response: TGF-β signalling.


Instruction: What is fibrosis and matrix remodelling in myxomatous mitral valves?

Output: TGF-β signalling and reactive oxy-gen species

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is fibrosis and matrix remodelling in myxomatous mitral valves?. ### Response: TGF-β signalling and reactive oxy-gen species.


Instruction: What is the name of the report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?

Output: Guideline for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?. ### Response: Guideline for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease.


Instruction: Who is the author of Priorities for patient-centered research in valvular heart disease?

Output: Lindman

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the author of Priorities for patient-centered research in valvular heart disease?. ### Response: Lindman.


Instruction: What did the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Working Group report on?

Output: Priorities for patient-cen-tered research in valvular heart disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Working Group report on?. ### Response: Priorities for patient-cen-tered research in valvular heart disease.


Instruction: What was the name of the group that re-searched valvular heart disease?

Output: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the name of the group that re-searched valvular heart disease?. ### Response: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group.


Instruction: How did Park SJ, Dweck MR assess severe aortic stenosis?

Output: Multimodality imaging

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How did Park SJ, Dweck MR assess severe aortic stenosis?. ### Response: Multimodality imaging.


Instruction: What is the role of renin-angiotensin system inhibition in aortic ste-nosis?

Output: thinking beyond transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the role of renin-angiotensin system inhibition in aortic ste-nosis?. ### Response: thinking beyond transcatheter aortic valve replacement.


Instruction: What is an example of a transcatheter valve replacement?

Output: Calcific aortic valve stenosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is an example of a transcatheter valve replacement?. ### Response: Calcific aortic valve stenosis.


Instruction: What is the cause of aortic stenosis?

Output: hard disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the cause of aortic stenosis?. ### Response: hard disease.


Instruction: What was the name of the study that examined blood pressure and arterial load after valve replacement?

Output: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the name of the study that examined blood pressure and arterial load after valve replacement?. ### Response: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group.


Instruction: How did the study compare to other studies?

Output: population-based

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How did the study compare to other studies?. ### Response: population-based.


Instruction: Who was the author of this study?

Output: Otto

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who was the author of this study?. ### Response: Otto.


Instruction: What year did Med. 2013:368:503–12?

Output: N Engl J Med. 2013

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year did Med. 2013:368:503–12?. ### Response: N Engl J Med. 2013.


Instruction: What group compiled a report on valvular heart disease?

Output: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What group compiled a report on valvular heart disease?. ### Response: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group.


Instruction: When did the J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 release its report?

Output: 9:e015975.16

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did the J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 release its report?. ### Response: 9:e015975.16.


Instruction: What stage of aortic stenosis is Stage C?

Output: 1

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What stage of aortic stenosis is Stage C?. ### Response: 1.


Instruction: What is the name of the national system for the reg-istration of congenital malformations and genetic diseases?

Output: Cleanoveanu G, et al

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the national system for the reg-istration of congenital malformations and genetic diseases?. ### Response: Cleanoveanu G, et al.


Instruction: When was the Rev Pediatr Obstet Ginecol Pedia-tr published?

Output: 1987

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the Rev Pediatr Obstet Ginecol Pedia-tr published?. ### Response: 1987.


Instruction: What is the prognosis of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis with and without surgery?

Output: Prognosis of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis with and without surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2019;108:74–9

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the prognosis of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis with and without surgery?. ### Response: Prognosis of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis with and without surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2019;108:74–9.


Instruction: Ann Thorac Surg. 2019;108:74–9.

Output: Thanassoulis G, Campbell CY, Owens DS, et al. Genetic associations with valvular calcification and aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:503–12. 5. Lindman BR, Arnold SV, Bagur R, et al. Priorities for patient-cen-tered research in valvular heart disease: a report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9:e015975.16.3. Optimal Timing of Intervention: Stage C 1. Nicolau S, Ionescu T, Cleanoveanu G, et al. [National system for the reg-istration of congenital malformations and genetic diseases] [Article in Ro-manian]. Rev Pediatr Obstet Ginecol Pediatr. 1987;36:193–215. 2. Campo J, Tsoris A, Kruse J, et al. Prognosis of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Ann Thorac Surg. 2019;108:74–9.. ### Response: Thanassoulis G, Campbell CY, Owens DS, et al. Genetic associations with valvular calcification and aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:503–12. 5. Lindman BR, Arnold SV, Bagur R, et al. Priorities for patient-cen-tered research in valvular heart disease: a report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9:e015975.16.3. Optimal Timing of Intervention: Stage C 1. Nicolau S, Ionescu T, Cleanoveanu G, et al. [National system for the reg-istration of congenital malformations and genetic diseases] [Article in Ro-manian]. Rev Pediatr Obstet Ginecol Pediatr. 1987;36:193–215. 2. Campo J, Tsoris A, Kruse J, et al. Prognosis of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis.


Instruction: What type of endocarditis is found in children?

Output: Infective

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of endocarditis is found in children?. ### Response: Infective.


Instruction: What is the Level of Evidence C?

Output: Infective Endocarditis in Childhood

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the Level of Evidence C?. ### Response: Infective Endocarditis in Childhood.


Instruction: Who questioned the value of taking blood cultures after treatment?

Output: Baltimore et al  Infective Endocarditis in Childhood: 2015 Update  1501IIb; Level of Evidence C).108 Some members of the writing group

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who questioned the value of taking blood cultures after treatment?. ### Response: Baltimore et al  Infective Endocarditis in Childhood: 2015 Update  1501IIb; Level of Evidence C).108 Some members of the writing group.


Instruction: What is the most common form of IE in children for decades?

Output: Streptococcal IE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the most common form of IE in children for decades?. ### Response: Streptococcal IE.


Instruction: Staphylococcal IE overtakes what organism as most common?

Output: streptococci

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Staphylococcal IE overtakes what organism as most common?. ### Response: streptococci.


Instruction: Penicillin-susceptible streptococci are those with what?

Output: an MIC of ≤0.1 μg of penicillin per milliliter

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Penicillin-susceptible streptococci are those with what?. ### Response: an MIC of ≤0.1 μg of penicillin per milliliter.


Instruction: What are the most common organisms?

Output: staphylococcal IE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the most common organisms?. ### Response: staphylococcal IE.


Instruction: What is the MIC of penicillin-susceptible streptococci?

Output: ≤0.1 μg of penicillin per milliliter

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the MIC of penicillin-susceptible streptococci?. ### Response: ≤0.1 μg of penicillin per milliliter.


Instruction: How many therapeutic regimens are associated with high cure rates?

Output: 2

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many therapeutic regimens are associated with high cure rates?. ### Response: 2.


Instruction: What is the cure rate for penicillin G and ceftriaxone?

Output: 98%,

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the cure rate for penicillin G and ceftriaxone?. ### Response: 98%,.


Instruction: A 4-week regimen of intravenous aqueous crystalline pen-icillin G achieves a high cure rate?

Output: 112

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: A 4-week regimen of intravenous aqueous crystalline pen-icillin G achieves a high cure rate?. ### Response: 112.


Instruction: What is a bacteriologic cure rate of 4-weeks of ceftriaxone therapy?

Output: 98%,

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a bacteriologic cure rate of 4-weeks of ceftriaxone therapy?. ### Response: 98%,.


Instruction: What is another term for eighth cranial nerve impairment?

Output: concurrently administered nephrotoxic drugs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another term for eighth cranial nerve impairment?. ### Response: concurrently administered nephrotoxic drugs.


Instruction: In adult patients, how many weeks of ther -apy is recommended?

Output: 4

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In adult patients, how many weeks of ther -apy is recommended?. ### Response: 4.


Instruction: What is the cure rate for IE in children?

Output: high

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the cure rate for IE in children?. ### Response: high.


Instruction: What has been published on the use of ceftriaxone in the treatment of children with IE?

Output: limited and retrospective data

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has been published on the use of ceftriaxone in the treatment of children with IE?. ### Response: limited and retrospective data.


Instruction: Where can children initially treated in the hospital be transitioned to intravenous therapy with an antibiotic?

Output: home

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where can children initially treated in the hospital be transitioned to intravenous therapy with an antibiotic?. ### Response: home.


Instruction: Home intravenous therapy with an antibiotic that only requires a single infusion daily can be transitioned to what?

Output: IE in the hos-pital

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Home intravenous therapy with an antibiotic that only requires a single infusion daily can be transitioned to what?. ### Response: IE in the hos-pital.


Instruction: Home antibiotic treatment for part of the antibiotic course appears to be becoming more commonly used, but it requires careful selection of who?

Output: the appropriate can-didate

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Home antibiotic treatment for part of the antibiotic course appears to be becoming more commonly used, but it requires careful selection of who?. ### Response: the appropriate can-didate.


Instruction: How long does a 2-week course of therapy with penicillin, ampicillin, or ceftriaxone combine with an aminoglycoside have?

Output: up to 98% in adults

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long does a 2-week course of therapy with penicillin, ampicillin, or ceftriaxone combine with an aminoglycoside have?. ### Response: up to 98% in adults.


Instruction: What is the bacteriologic cure rate in adults?

Output: 98%,

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the bacteriologic cure rate in adults?. ### Response: 98%,.


Instruction: What percentage of adults have endocarditis?

Output: 114

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What percentage of adults have endocarditis?. ### Response: 114.


Instruction: What is the most common type of IE?

Output: Streptococcal IE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the most common type of IE?. ### Response: Streptococcal IE.


Instruction: How long has a patient had a complication of native valve IE for?

Output: decades

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long has a patient had a complication of native valve IE for?. ### Response: decades.


Instruction: For what type of aneurysm is this regimen not recommended?

Output: mycotic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: For what type of aneurysm is this regimen not recommended?. ### Response: mycotic.


Instruction: What type of aneurysm is an example of an adverse event caused by aminoglycoside therapy?

Output: mycotic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of aneurysm is an example of an adverse event caused by aminoglycoside therapy?. ### Response: mycotic.


Instruction: Why is it not recommended for children?

Output: lack of data

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why is it not recommended for children?. ### Response: lack of data.


Instruction: What should people with renal impairment or renal impairment use with caution?

Output: aminoglycoside therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should people with renal impairment or renal impairment use with caution?. ### Response: aminoglycoside therapy.


Instruction: What is another name for aminoglycoside therapy?

Output: nephrotoxic drugs, or eighth cranial nerve impairment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another name for aminoglycoside therapy?. ### Response: nephrotoxic drugs, or eighth cranial nerve impairment.


Instruction: How many studies showed that gentamicin and cef-triaxone combined for 2 weeks were as effective as placebo?

Output: 1

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many studies showed that gentamicin and cef-triaxone combined for 2 weeks were as effective as placebo?. ### Response: 1.


Instruction: What are two examples of loop diuretics?

Output: furosemide and torsemide

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are two examples of loop diuretics?. ### Response: furosemide and torsemide.


Instruction: What are furosemide and torsemide used for?

Output: Loop diuretics such as furosemide and torsemide usually are used because they produce a greater diuresis for the same degree of natriuresis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are furosemide and torsemide used for?. ### Response: Loop diuretics such as furosemide and torsemide usually are used because they produce a greater diuresis for the same degree of natriuresis.


Instruction: In addition to renal impairment, what is a common accompaniment of severe HF?

Output: Loop diuretics

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In addition to renal impairment, what is a common accompaniment of severe HF?. ### Response: Loop diuretics.


Instruction: What are the dose-response characteristics of diuretics?

Output: linear and steep

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the dose-response characteristics of diuretics?. ### Response: linear and steep.


Instruction: What does diuretic induce by inducing sodium and water loss?

Output: adverse mechanisms

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does diuretic induce by inducing sodium and water loss?. ### Response: adverse mechanisms.


Instruction: What is a possible solution to the problem of stroke volume?

Output: decrease in right ventricular filling pressure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a possible solution to the problem of stroke volume?. ### Response: decrease in right ventricular filling pressure.


Instruction: How is stroke volume reduced?

Output: right ventricular filling pressure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How is stroke volume reduced?. ### Response: right ventricular filling pressure.


Instruction: What is the RAAS activation?

Output: sympa-thetic nervous system

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the RAAS activation?. ### Response: sympa-thetic nervous system.


Instruction: Who is the official reviewer for the AHAHarvard Medical School?

Output: Gregory F. Michaud

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the official reviewer for the AHAHarvard Medical School?. ### Response: Gregory F. Michaud.


Instruction: What is the name of the person who is a professor at the University of Washington School of Medicine?

Output: Mohan N. Viswanathan

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the person who is a professor at the University of Washington School of Medicine?. ### Response: Mohan N. Viswanathan.


Instruction: Who is a professor of pediatrics and pediatric cardiology at Oregon Health and Science University?

Output: Seshadri Balaji

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is a professor of pediatrics and pediatric cardiology at Oregon Health and Science University?. ### Response: Seshadri Balaji.


Instruction: What is the title of the director of pacing and electrophysiology at ORHS?

Output: Professor of Pediatrics and Pediatric Cardiology

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the title of the director of pacing and electrophysiology at ORHS?. ### Response: Professor of Pediatrics and Pediatric Cardiology.


Instruction: Who is an ACC Electrophysiology Section member at Allina Health System?

Output: Nancy C. Berg

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is an ACC Electrophysiology Section member at Allina Health System?. ### Response: Nancy C. Berg.


Instruction: What is the name of the professor of cardiology at St. George’s University of London?

Output: A. John Camm

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the professor of cardiology at St. George’s University of London?. ### Response: A. John Camm.


Instruction: Who is the Director of Cardiac Services at Emory University School of Medicine?

Output: Sibley Heart Center Cardiology

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Director of Cardiac Services at Emory University School of Medicine?. ### Response: Sibley Heart Center Cardiology.


Instruction: Where is the ACC Electrophysiology Section located?

Output: University of California Los Angeles

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where is the ACC Electrophysiology Section located?. ### Response: University of California Los Angeles.


Instruction: What is Emory University School of Medicine's Division Director of Pediatric Cardiology?

Output: Professor of Pediatrics

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Emory University School of Medicine's Division Director of Pediatric Cardiology?. ### Response: Professor of Pediatrics.


Instruction: Who is a content reviewer for the ACC adult congenital and pediatric cardiology section?

Output: Robert M. Campbell

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is a content reviewer for the ACC adult congenital and pediatric cardiology section?. ### Response: Robert M. Campbell.


Instruction: What is Paul Friedman's profession?

Output: Content Reviewer

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Paul Friedman's profession?. ### Response: Content Reviewer.


Instruction: Who is a professor of medicine at Mayo Clinic?

Output: Paul A. Friedman

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is a professor of medicine at Mayo Clinic?. ### Response: Paul A. Friedman.


Instruction: Who is the director of the Cardiovascular Implantable Device Laboratory?

Output: NeoChord

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the director of the Cardiovascular Implantable Device Laboratory?. ### Response: NeoChord.


Instruction: What is the name of the company that is the Director of the cardiovascular implantable device laboratory?

Output: Mayo Clinic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the company that is the Director of the cardiovascular implantable device laboratory?. ### Response: Mayo Clinic.


Instruction: On what date was this document downloaded?

Output: April 23, 2023

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: On what date was this document downloaded?. ### Response: April 23, 2023.


Instruction: What inhibits glucose oxidation by inhibiting mitochondrial longchain- ketoacylcoenzyme A thiolase?

Output: 580–8.908

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What inhibits glucose oxidation by inhibiting mitochondrial longchain- ketoacylcoenzyme A thiolase?. ### Response: 580–8.908.


Instruction: What is the name of the meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, controlled trials of trimetazidine?

Output: Efficacy and tolerability of trimetazidine instable angina

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, controlled trials of trimetazidine?. ### Response: Efficacy and tolerability of trimetazidine instable angina.


Instruction: What is the name of the multicenter study of enhancedexternal counterpulsation?

Output: MUST-EECP

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the multicenter study of enhancedexternal counterpulsation?. ### Response: MUST-EECP.


Instruction: What was the effect of EECP on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia?

Output: The multicenter study of enhancedexternal counterpulsation (MUST-EECP): effect of EECP on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia and anginal episodes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the effect of EECP on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia?. ### Response: The multicenter study of enhancedexternal counterpulsation (MUST-EECP): effect of EECP on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia and anginal episodes.


Instruction: What is the difference between electrical stimu-lation and coronary artery bypass surgery in severe angina pectoris?

Output: Electrical stimu-lation versus coronary artery bypass surgery in severe angina pectoris:the ESBY study

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the difference between electrical stimu-lation and coronary artery bypass surgery in severe angina pectoris?. ### Response: Electrical stimu-lation versus coronary artery bypass surgery in severe angina pectoris:the ESBY study.


Instruction: What was the name of the ESBY study?

Output: Electrical stimu-lation versus coronary artery bypass surgery in severe angina pectoris

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the name of the ESBY study?. ### Response: Electrical stimu-lation versus coronary artery bypass surgery in severe angina pectoris.


Instruction: What is the name of the laser used for transmyocardial revascularization?

Output: XeCl excimer

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the laser used for transmyocardial revascularization?. ### Response: XeCl excimer.


Instruction: What are the results of a randomized trial?

Output: 1–month

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the results of a randomized trial?. ### Response: 1–month.


Instruction: What is the name of the holmi-um: YAG laser?

Output: transmyocardial laser revascularization

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the holmi-um: YAG laser?. ### Response: transmyocardial laser revascularization.


Instruction: What does revascularization of the heart do?

Output: using an XeCl excimer laser

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does revascularization of the heart do?. ### Response: using an XeCl excimer laser.


Instruction: How does exercise testing assess ischemia?

Output: myocardial ischemia and anginal episodes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How does exercise testing assess ischemia?. ### Response: myocardial ischemia and anginal episodes.


Instruction: When was the Am Heart J.143?

Output: 2002

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the Am Heart J.143?. ### Response: 2002.


Instruction: What is the name of the study that investigated the effects of acupuncture in moderate, stable angina pectoris?

Output: a controlled study

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the study that investigated the effects of acupuncture in moderate, stable angina pectoris?. ### Response: a controlled study.


Instruction: What did Ballegaard S, Jensen G, Pedersen F, et al. do in a randomized trial?

Output: Acupuncture

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did Ballegaard S, Jensen G, Pedersen F, et al. do in a randomized trial?. ### Response: Acupuncture.


Instruction: What improves symptoms, function, and quality of life?

Output: Transmyocardial CO(2) laserrevascularization

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What improves symptoms, function, and quality of life?. ### Response: Transmyocardial CO(2) laserrevascularization.


Instruction: What does transmyocardial CO(2) laserrevascularization improve?

Output: symptoms, function, and quality of life

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does transmyocardial CO(2) laserrevascularization improve?. ### Response: symptoms, function, and quality of life.


Instruction: When did the Society of ThoracicSurgeons publish their practice guideline series?

Output: 2004

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did the Society of ThoracicSurgeons publish their practice guideline series?. ### Response: 2004.


Instruction: What is the name of the guideline series for transmyocardial laser revascularization?

Output: The Society of ThoracicSurgeons

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the guideline series for transmyocardial laser revascularization?. ### Response: The Society of ThoracicSurgeons.


Instruction: When was the Ann Thorac Surg. 77:1494–502.920?

Output: 2004

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the Ann Thorac Surg. 77:1494–502.920?. ### Response: 2004.


Instruction: What is a development between the coronaryvessels and a transplanted internal mammary artery?

Output: an anastomosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a development between the coronaryvessels and a transplanted internal mammary artery?. ### Response: an anastomosis.


Instruction: Percutaneous transmyocardial laser revas-cularization in patients with chronic total occlusions.

Output: 39:1581–7.922

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Percutaneous transmyocardial laser revas-cularization in patients with chronic total occlusions.. ### Response: 39:1581–7.922.


Instruction: What is the PACIFIC randomised trial?

Output: Percutaneous transmyocardiallaser revascularisation for severe angina

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the PACIFIC randomised trial?. ### Response: Percutaneous transmyocardiallaser revascularisation for severe angina.


Instruction: What is the name of the study that was published in 2000?

Output: Potential Class Improvement From Intramyocardial Channels

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the study that was published in 2000?. ### Response: Potential Class Improvement From Intramyocardial Channels.


Instruction: What are the names of the people who were involved in the study?

Output: Ballegaard S, Jensen G, Pedersen F, et al

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the names of the people who were involved in the study?. ### Response: Ballegaard S, Jensen G, Pedersen F, et al.


Instruction: Who should undergo a clinical evaluation and TTE before pregnancy?

Output: women with VHD who are contemplating pregnancy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who should undergo a clinical evaluation and TTE before pregnancy?. ### Response: women with VHD who are contemplating pregnancy.


Instruction: Women with severe valve disease should undergo pre-pregnancy counseling by a cardiologist with expertise in managing women with VHD during pregnancy.

Output: risks of pregnancy for the mother and fetus

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Women with severe valve disease should undergo pre-pregnancy counseling by a cardiologist with expertise in managing women with VHD during pregnancy.. ### Response: risks of pregnancy for the mother and fetus.


Instruction: What should be monitored in a tertiary-care center with a dedicated Heart Valve Team?

Output: Pregnant women with severe valve disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be monitored in a tertiary-care center with a dedicated Heart Valve Team?. ### Response: Pregnant women with severe valve disease.


Instruction: What are Stages C and D of severe valve disease?

Output: Women with severe valve disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are Stages C and D of severe valve disease?. ### Response: Women with severe valve disease.


Instruction: What is the management of high-risk cardiac conditions during pregnancy?

Output: Pre-pregnancy counseling

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the management of high-risk cardiac conditions during pregnancy?. ### Response: Pre-pregnancy counseling.


Instruction: What is reasonable in asymptomatic women with severe valve disease?

Output: exercise testing

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is reasonable in asymptomatic women with severe valve disease?. ### Response: exercise testing.


Instruction: Exercise testing is reasonable before pregnancy for what?

Output: risk assessment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Exercise testing is reasonable before pregnancy for what?. ### Response: risk assessment.


Instruction: What is the best time for a comprehensive evaluation of a woman with VHD and her baby?

Output: before the time of conception

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the best time for a comprehensive evaluation of a woman with VHD and her baby?. ### Response: before the time of conception.


Instruction: What are the frequency and intensity of follow-up and treatment heavily dependent on during pregnancies?

Output: type and sever -ity of valve lesion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the frequency and intensity of follow-up and treatment heavily dependent on during pregnancies?. ### Response: type and sever -ity of valve lesion.


Instruction: What are the risks to the mother and fetus during pregnancy highly dependent on?

Output: valve disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the risks to the mother and fetus during pregnancy highly dependent on?. ### Response: valve disease.


Instruction: What is a complete TTE with full anatomic and hemodynamic assessment of the valves?

Output: Clinical evaluation of women with VHD who are contemplating pregnancy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a complete TTE with full anatomic and hemodynamic assessment of the valves?. ### Response: Clinical evaluation of women with VHD who are contemplating pregnancy.


Instruction: What is a congenital bicuspid or unicuspid aortic valve associated with?

Output: dilation of the aortic sinuses, the ascending aorta, or both

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a congenital bicuspid or unicuspid aortic valve associated with?. ### Response: dilation of the aortic sinuses, the ascending aorta, or both.


Instruction: What is often associated with dilation of the Aortic sinuses, the ascending Aorta or both?

Output: A con-genital bicuspid or unicuspid aortic valve

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is often associated with dilation of the Aortic sinuses, the ascending Aorta or both?. ### Response: A con-genital bicuspid or unicuspid aortic valve.


Instruction: Why does valve include assessment of the aorta before pregnancy?

Output: because of the risk of further aortic enlargement and aortic dissection during pregnancy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why does valve include assessment of the aorta before pregnancy?. ### Response: because of the risk of further aortic enlargement and aortic dissection during pregnancy.


Instruction: What is a risk of further enlargement and dissection?

Output: congenitally abnormal aortic valve

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a risk of further enlargement and dissection?. ### Response: congenitally abnormal aortic valve.


Instruction: Pre-pregnancy counseling with a cardiologist allows discussion of the risks of pregnancy for the mother and fetus?

Output: 1–52

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Pre-pregnancy counseling with a cardiologist allows discussion of the risks of pregnancy for the mother and fetus?. ### Response: 1–52.


Instruction: What is the role of pregnancy for the mother and fetus?

Output: managing women with valve disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the role of pregnancy for the mother and fetus?. ### Response: managing women with valve disease.


Instruction: What is a complete assessment of functional capacity, severity of valve lesions, status of the LV and RV, and pulmonary status?

Output: TTE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a complete assessment of functional capacity, severity of valve lesions, status of the LV and RV, and pulmonary status?. ### Response: TTE.


Instruction: What does Thromb Haemost do?

Output: meta-analysis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does Thromb Haemost do?. ### Response: meta-analysis.


Instruction: What is the ASH 2018 VTE GUIDELINES: ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT 3289?

Output: xVOLUME 2, NUMBER 22

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the ASH 2018 VTE GUIDELINES: ANTICOAGULATION MANAGEMENT 3289?. ### Response: xVOLUME 2, NUMBER 22.


Instruction: What is CHEST / 141/ 2/ FEBRUARY, 2012 SUPPLEMENT e37S 31?

Output: chestpubs.org

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is CHEST / 141/ 2/ FEBRUARY, 2012 SUPPLEMENT e37S 31?. ### Response: chestpubs.org.


Instruction: Shaughnessy SG, Young E, Deschamps P, Hirsh J.

Output: 2012

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Shaughnessy SG, Young E, Deschamps P, Hirsh J.. ### Response: 2012.


Instruction: Low molecular weight and standard heparin on cal-cium loss from fetal rat calvaria?

Output: xed-dose weight-adjusted unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin for acute treatment of venous thromboembolism

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Low molecular weight and standard heparin on cal-cium loss from fetal rat calvaria?. ### Response: xed-dose weight-adjusted unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin for acute treatment of venous thromboembolism.


Instruction: Blood. 1995 ; 86 ( 4 ): 1368 - 1373.

Output: Blood

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Blood. 1995 ; 86 ( 4 ): 1368 - 1373.. ### Response: Blood.


Instruction: Linkins L-A, Dans AL, Moores LK, et al.

Output: 32

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Linkins L-A, Dans AL, Moores LK, et al.. ### Response: 32.


Instruction: What is heparin-induced thrombocytopenia treated with?

Output: antithrom-botic therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is heparin-induced thrombocytopenia treated with?. ### Response: antithrom-botic therapy.


Instruction: What is the 9th ed of the American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines?

Output: Treatment and pre-vention of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the 9th ed of the American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines?. ### Response: Treatment and pre-vention of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.


Instruction: What was Berkowitz SD's title?

Output: Orthopedics

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was Berkowitz SD's title?. ### Response: Orthopedics.


Instruction: What is the name of the armamentarium used for deep vein thrombosis?

Output: therapeutic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the armamentarium used for deep vein thrombosis?. ### Response: therapeutic.


Instruction: When was Orthopedics published?

Output: 1995

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was Orthopedics published?. ### Response: 1995.


Instruction: Subcutaneous vs intravenous heparin in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis—a randomized clinical trial?

Output: intra-venous and subcutaneous administration .   Thromb Res  .   1985 ; 39 ( 5 ): 631 - 636 .      37 .  Powers   PJ ,  Gent   M ,  Jay   RM ,  et al .  A randomized trial of less intense postoperative warfarin or aspirin therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Subcutaneous vs intravenous heparin in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis—a randomized clinical trial?. ### Response: intra-venous and subcutaneous administration .   Thromb Res  .   1985 ; 39 ( 5 ): 631 - 636 .      37 .  Powers   PJ ,  Gent   M ,  Jay   RM ,  et al .  A randomized trial of less intense postoperative warfarin or aspirin therapy.


Instruction: Deep venous thrombosis—a randomized clinical trial?

Output: Subcutaneous vs intravenous heparin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Deep venous thrombosis—a randomized clinical trial?. ### Response: Subcutaneous vs intravenous heparin.


Instruction: How many ( 2 ): 222 - 226 were in Thromb Haemost in 1990?

Output: 64

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many ( 2 ): 222 - 226 were in Thromb Haemost in 1990?. ### Response: 64.


Instruction: What is Fixed-Dose Heparin?

Output: FIDO

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Fixed-Dose Heparin?. ### Response: FIDO.


Instruction: What is the difference between fi xed-dose and low-molecular-weight heparin for acute treatment of venous thromboembolism?

Output: weight-adjusted unfractionated heparin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the difference between fi xed-dose and low-molecular-weight heparin for acute treatment of venous thromboembolism?. ### Response: weight-adjusted unfractionated heparin.


Instruction: When did JAMA issue 296?

Output: 2006

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did JAMA issue 296?. ### Response: 2006.


Instruction: What year was JAMA published?

Output: 2006

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year was JAMA published?. ### Response: 2006.


Instruction: How many pages were in JAMA in 2006?

Output: 296 ( 8

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many pages were in JAMA in 2006?. ### Response: 296 ( 8.


Instruction: What is the molecular weight of heparin?

Output: PK 10 169

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the molecular weight of heparin?. ### Response: PK 10 169.


Instruction: What are the PK 10 169 and unfractionated?

Output: heparin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the PK 10 169 and unfractionated?. ### Response: heparin.


Instruction: When was Thromb Res published?

Output: 1985

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was Thromb Res published?. ### Response: 1985.


Instruction: What is the name of the randomized trial of less intense postoperative warfarin?

Output: aspirin therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the randomized trial of less intense postoperative warfarin?. ### Response: aspirin therapy.


Instruction: What was a randomized trial of less intense postoperative warfarin or aspirin therapy in the prevention of after surgery for fractured hip?

Output: venous thromboembolism

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was a randomized trial of less intense postoperative warfarin or aspirin therapy in the prevention of after surgery for fractured hip?. ### Response: venous thromboembolism.


Instruction: What was the name of the randomized study?

Output: Thromb Haemost

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the name of the randomized study?. ### Response: Thromb Haemost.


Instruction: When was the 149 ( 4 ): 771- 774 published?

Output: 1989

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the 149 ( 4 ): 771- 774 published?. ### Response: 1989.


Instruction: How many. 38?

Output: 379

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many. 38?. ### Response: 379.


Instruction: What is heparin kinetics in?

Output: venous thrombosis and pul-monary embolism

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is heparin kinetics in?. ### Response: venous thrombosis and pul-monary embolism.


Instruction: Who is Yung WL?

Output: Heparin kinetics in venous thrombosis and pul-monary embolism

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is Yung WL?. ### Response: Heparin kinetics in venous thrombosis and pul-monary embolism.


Instruction: What is heparin kinetics in in venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism?

Output: weight-adjusted unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is heparin kinetics in in venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism?. ### Response: weight-adjusted unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight.


Instruction: What is Brey RL's specialty?

Output: Antiphospholipid antibodies and ischemic stroke

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Brey RL's specialty?. ### Response: Antiphospholipid antibodies and ischemic stroke.


Instruction: Antiphospholipid antibodies and ischemic stroke. 1992 ; 1 ( 6 ): 379 - 382.

Output: Heart Dis Stroke

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Antiphospholipid antibodies and ischemic stroke. 1992 ; 1 ( 6 ): 379 - 382.. ### Response: Heart Dis Stroke.


Instruction: Bârzu T, Molho P, et al.

Output: 40

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Bârzu T, Molho P, et al.. ### Response: 40.


Instruction: What is binding and endocytosis of heparin by human endothelial cells in culture?

Output: Kinetics

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is binding and endocytosis of heparin by human endothelial cells in culture?. ### Response: Kinetics.


Instruction: What year was Biochim Biophys Acta published?

Output: 1985

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year was Biochim Biophys Acta published?. ### Response: 1985.


Instruction: How many ( 2 ): 196 - 203?

Output: 845

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many ( 2 ): 196 - 203?. ### Response: 845.


Instruction: Who inhibited von Willebrand factor-dependent platelet function in vitro and in vivo?

Output: Heparin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who inhibited von Willebrand factor-dependent platelet function in vitro and in vivo?. ### Response: Heparin.


Instruction: When did J Clin Invest publish 87 ( 5 ): 1787 - 1793?

Output: 1991

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did J Clin Invest publish 87 ( 5 ): 1787 - 1793?. ### Response: 1991.


Instruction: How many assay methods did Bjornsson TD, Wolfram KM, Kitchell BB use to determine heparin kinetics?

Output: three

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many assay methods did Bjornsson TD, Wolfram KM, Kitchell BB use to determine heparin kinetics?. ### Response: three.


Instruction: What year did Clin Pharmacol Ther issue 31 ( 1 ): 104?

Output: 1982

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year did Clin Pharmacol Ther issue 31 ( 1 ): 104?. ### Response: 1982.


Instruction: What was the average number of intravenously administered antibiotics in 1982?

Output: 104 - 113

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the average number of intravenously administered antibiotics in 1982?. ### Response: 104 - 113.


Instruction: What is the average amount of intravenous antibiotics used in 1982 in the United States?

Output: 1251 - 1258

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the average amount of intravenous antibiotics used in 1982 in the United States?. ### Response: 1251 - 1258.


Instruction: In 1982, what percentage of the population was given antibiotics?

Output: 104 - 113

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In 1982, what percentage of the population was given antibiotics?. ### Response: 104 - 113.


Instruction: What is the name of the drug that is administered intravenously in humans?

Output: heparin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the drug that is administered intravenously in humans?. ### Response: heparin.


Instruction: How many blood samples were collected in 1982?

Output: 1251 - 1258

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many blood samples were collected in 1982?. ### Response: 1251 - 1258.


Instruction: What was the total number of blood samples collected from 1982-82?

Output: 1251 - 1258

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the total number of blood samples collected from 1982-82?. ### Response: 1251 - 1258.


Instruction: Chapter 2: Lifestyle and pharmacological treatments for lowering blood pressure in CKD ND patients?

Output: 2.1: Individualize BP targets and agents according to age

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Chapter 2: Lifestyle and pharmacological treatments for lowering blood pressure in CKD ND patients?. ### Response: 2.1: Individualize BP targets and agents according to age.


Instruction: What is the name of the chapter that outlines lifestyle and pragmological methods to reduce BP in patients with non-dialysis-dependentCKD?

Output: Chapter 2

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the chapter that outlines lifestyle and pragmological methods to reduce BP in patients with non-dialysis-dependentCKD?. ### Response: Chapter 2.


Instruction: When were these strategies covered in detail?

Output: 2004

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When were these strategies covered in detail?. ### Response: 2004.


Instruction: What does the 2004 KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines on Hypertensionand Antihypertensive Agents in Chronic Kidney Disease focus on?

Output: issues relating to BP control inCKD patients that have arisen since 2004

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does the 2004 KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines on Hypertensionand Antihypertensive Agents in Chronic Kidney Disease focus on?. ### Response: issues relating to BP control inCKD patients that have arisen since 2004.


Instruction: What are the issues relating to BP control in CKD patients that have arisen since 2004?

Output: Lifestyle and pharmacological treatments

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the issues relating to BP control in CKD patients that have arisen since 2004?. ### Response: Lifestyle and pharmacological treatments.


Instruction: What is the name of the 7th Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention,Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure?

Output: JNC 7

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the 7th Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention,Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure?. ### Response: JNC 7.


Instruction: What should be used to lower BP in CKD patients?

Output: a stepwise combination oflifestyle modiﬁcations and drug therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be used to lower BP in CKD patients?. ### Response: a stepwise combination oflifestyle modiﬁcations and drug therapy.


Instruction: What can be used to lower BP in CKD patients?

Output: a stepwise combination oflifestyle modiﬁcations and drug therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can be used to lower BP in CKD patients?. ### Response: a stepwise combination oflifestyle modiﬁcations and drug therapy.


Instruction: What are factors such as the severity of the BP elevation, the co-morbidities present and the age of the patient?

Output: lower BP in CKD patients

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are factors such as the severity of the BP elevation, the co-morbidities present and the age of the patient?. ### Response: lower BP in CKD patients.


Instruction: What is another co-morbidity of CKD?

Output: cardiovascular disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another co-morbidity of CKD?. ### Response: cardiovascular disease.


Instruction: What is the presence or absence of retinopathy in patients with diabetes?

Output: presenceor absence

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the presence or absence of retinopathy in patients with diabetes?. ### Response: presenceor absence.


Instruction: What are the potential benefits of lower BP?

Output: decreased riskof both CVD and progression of CKD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the potential benefits of lower BP?. ### Response: decreased riskof both CVD and progression of CKD.


Instruction: What should the clinician consider in assessing the likelybenefit in a given patient?

Output: the prior rate of CKD progression

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should the clinician consider in assessing the likelybenefit in a given patient?. ### Response: the prior rate of CKD progression.


Instruction: What does the clinician need to consider in a given patient?

Output: the prior rate of CKD progression

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does the clinician need to consider in a given patient?. ### Response: the prior rate of CKD progression.


Instruction: What is the level of urinary albumin excretion?

Output: the clinician needs to consider suchissues as the prior rate of CKD progression, the expected courseof the speciﬁc disease, the level of urinary albumin excretionand the presence or absence of other risks of CVD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the level of urinary albumin excretion?. ### Response: the clinician needs to consider suchissues as the prior rate of CKD progression, the expected courseof the speciﬁc disease, the level of urinary albumin excretionand the presence or absence of other risks of CVD.


Instruction: Potential adverse effects generic to treatment used to lower BP included what?

Output: ecreases in cerebral perfusion (contributing to dizziness,confusion and falls) and acute deterioration in kidney function

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Potential adverse effects generic to treatment used to lower BP included what?. ### Response: ecreases in cerebral perfusion (contributing to dizziness,confusion and falls) and acute deterioration in kidney function.


Instruction: What does cerebral perfusion cause?

Output: dizziness,confusion and falls

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does cerebral perfusion cause?. ### Response: dizziness,confusion and falls.


Instruction: What does renal function deteriorate?

Output: BP

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does renal function deteriorate?. ### Response: BP.


Instruction: How can BP be reduced?

Output: in CKD patients

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How can BP be reduced?. ### Response: in CKD patients.


Instruction: What type of arterial stiffness is common in CKD patients?

Output: conduit

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of arterial stiffness is common in CKD patients?. ### Response: conduit.


Instruction: What is associated with an increased risk of CVD independent of other recognized risk factors?

Output: Arterial stiffening

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is associated with an increased risk of CVD independent of other recognized risk factors?. ### Response: Arterial stiffening.


Instruction: What can a high pulse pressure cause in older patients and those with coronary artery disease?

Output: reduce systolic BP

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can a high pulse pressure cause in older patients and those with coronary artery disease?. ### Response: reduce systolic BP.


Instruction: How does lisinopril reduce proteinuria, ammonia, and renal polypeptide tubularcatabolism in patients with chronic allograft nephropathy?

Output: Randomized controlled trial

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How does lisinopril reduce proteinuria, ammonia, and renal polypeptide tubularcatabolism in patients with chronic allograft nephropathy?. ### Response: Randomized controlled trial.


Instruction: What is the name of the randomized controlled trial of enalapril in the treatment of erythrocytosis after renal transplantation?

Output: Beckingham

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the randomized controlled trial of enalapril in the treatment of erythrocytosis after renal transplantation?. ### Response: Beckingham.


Instruction: What is enalapril used for in the treatment of after renal transplantation?

Output: erythrocytosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is enalapril used for in the treatment of after renal transplantation?. ### Response: erythrocytosis.


Instruction: What is the name of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety study?

Output: Angiotensin converting enzymeinhibitor use soon after renal transplantation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety study?. ### Response: Angiotensin converting enzymeinhibitor use soon after renal transplantation.


Instruction: What enzyme inhibits angiotensin I-converting enzyme after renal transplantation?

Output: Enalapril andlosartan

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What enzyme inhibits angiotensin I-converting enzyme after renal transplantation?. ### Response: Enalapril andlosartan.


Instruction: What year did Scand J UrolNephrol Suppl.79:63 –67.341.

Output: 1984

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year did Scand J UrolNephrol Suppl.79:63 –67.341.. ### Response: 1984.


Instruction: What drug is used in posttransplant erythrocytosis?

Output: captopril

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What drug is used in posttransplant erythrocytosis?. ### Response: captopril.


Instruction: What is the effect of enalapril on theprogression of chronic allograft nephropathy?

Output: reduces proteinuria, ammonia, and renal polypeptide tubularcatabolism

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of enalapril on theprogression of chronic allograft nephropathy?. ### Response: reduces proteinuria, ammonia, and renal polypeptide tubularcatabolism.


Instruction: What is Ramipril versus placebo in kidneytransplant patients with proteinuria?

Output: double-blind,randomised controlled trial

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Ramipril versus placebo in kidneytransplant patients with proteinuria?. ### Response: double-blind,randomised controlled trial.


Instruction: What is the name of the multicentre, double-blind,randomised controlled trial in kidneytransplant patients with proteinuria?

Output: lisinopril

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the multicentre, double-blind,randomised controlled trial in kidneytransplant patients with proteinuria?. ### Response: lisinopril.


Instruction: What does ramipril do to urinaryprotein excretion in maintenance renal transplant patients?

Output: convertedto sirolimus

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does ramipril do to urinaryprotein excretion in maintenance renal transplant patients?. ### Response: convertedto sirolimus.


Instruction: How does ACE inhibitors affect lipid peroxidation in renal transplant recipients?

Output: persistent

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How does ACE inhibitors affect lipid peroxidation in renal transplant recipients?. ### Response: persistent.


Instruction: What is the name of the randomizedclinical trial?

Output: lisinopril

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the randomizedclinical trial?. ### Response: lisinopril.


Instruction: How does Enalapril andlosartan effect lipidperoxidation?

Output: renal transplant recipients withrenin-angiotensin system polymorphisms

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How does Enalapril andlosartan effect lipidperoxidation?. ### Response: renal transplant recipients withrenin-angiotensin system polymorphisms.


Instruction: How does andlosartan affect lipid peroxidation in renal transplant recipients withrenin-angiotensin system polymorphisms?

Output: Enalapril

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How does andlosartan affect lipid peroxidation in renal transplant recipients withrenin-angiotensin system polymorphisms?. ### Response: Enalapril.


Instruction: What is a prospective, randomized prospective study of the effects of benazepril in kidney transplantation?

Output: an analysis of safety andefﬁcacy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a prospective, randomized prospective study of the effects of benazepril in kidney transplantation?. ### Response: an analysis of safety andefﬁcacy.


Instruction: What is the name of the prospective crossover trial of fosinopril and theophylline in post renal transplanterythrocytosis?

Output: Nephrol . 2002;6:242 –247.348. Trivedi H, Lal SM. A prospective, randomized, open labeled crossovertrial

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the prospective crossover trial of fosinopril and theophylline in post renal transplanterythrocytosis?. ### Response: Nephrol . 2002;6:242 –247.348. Trivedi H, Lal SM. A prospective, randomized, open labeled crossovertrial.


Instruction: What is enalapril used for in chronic allograftnephropathy?

Output: progression

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is enalapril used for in chronic allograftnephropathy?. ### Response: progression.


Instruction: What is the difference between enalapril and bailing capsule?

Output: Treatment of chronic allograftnephropathy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the difference between enalapril and bailing capsule?. ### Response: Treatment of chronic allograftnephropathy.


Instruction: When was the 28th issue of TransplantationProc. published?

Output: 1995

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the 28th issue of TransplantationProc. published?. ### Response: 1995.


Instruction: What was the name of the controlled trial of dihydroergotoxine?

Output: Hydergine

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the name of the controlled trial of dihydroergotoxine?. ### Response: Hydergine.


Instruction: What year did TransplantationProc. issue 20:615–617.351?

Output: 1988

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year did TransplantationProc. issue 20:615–617.351?. ### Response: 1988.


Instruction: What is the name of the study that was conducted in 1988?

Output: TransplantationProc

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the study that was conducted in 1988?. ### Response: TransplantationProc.


Instruction: What sodium channel blockers can sometimes precipitate the typical Brugada syndrome ECG?

Output: procainamide and flecainide

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What sodium channel blockers can sometimes precipitate the typical Brugada syndrome ECG?. ### Response: procainamide and flecainide.


Instruction: What antiarrhythmic medications have been reported to cause this?

Output: opiates

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What antiarrhythmic medications have been reported to cause this?. ### Response: opiates.


Instruction: What is the name of the unapparent Brugada syndrome?

Output: S10.7-28

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the unapparent Brugada syndrome?. ### Response: S10.7-28.


Instruction: What is one end of a broad spectrum of responses to sodium channel blockers unknown?

Output: Whether this represents unmasking individuals with clinically unapparent Brugada syndrome

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is one end of a broad spectrum of responses to sodium channel blockers unknown?. ### Response: Whether this represents unmasking individuals with clinically unapparent Brugada syndrome.


Instruction: What may improve conduction slowing or suppress frequent or cardioversion-resistant VT?

Output: adminis-tration of sodium

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may improve conduction slowing or suppress frequent or cardioversion-resistant VT?. ### Response: adminis-tration of sodium.


Instruction: What has been successful treatment with beta blockers?

Output: intravenous fat emulsion and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has been successful treatment with beta blockers?. ### Response: intravenous fat emulsion and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.


Instruction: Where can you find QT-prolonging medications?

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where can you find QT-prolonging medications?. ### Response: www.crediblemeds.org.


Instruction: What can cause episodes of torsades de pointes?

Output: exposure to a QT-prolonging medi-cation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can cause episodes of torsades de pointes?. ### Response: exposure to a QT-prolonging medi-cation.


Instruction: What can be precipitated by exposure to a QT-prolonging medi-cation?

Output: Episodes of torsades de pointes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can be precipitated by exposure to a QT-prolonging medi-cation?. ### Response: Episodes of torsades de pointes.


Instruction: How can prolongation of the QT increase this risk?

Output: genetic and clinical risk factors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How can prolongation of the QT increase this risk?. ### Response: genetic and clinical risk factors.


Instruction: What increases the risk of torsades de pointes?

Output: underlying prolongation of the QT

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What increases the risk of torsades de pointes?. ### Response: underlying prolongation of the QT.


Instruction: What are some of the medications that are implicated in torsados de pointses found in?

Output: antiarrhythmics, antihistamines, antibi-otics, antifungals, antidepressants, antipsychotics, opiates, and anticancer agents

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some of the medications that are implicated in torsados de pointses found in?. ### Response: antiarrhythmics, antihistamines, antibi-otics, antifungals, antidepressants, antipsychotics, opiates, and anticancer agents.


Instruction: Where are the references that support the recommendations summarized?

Output: Online Data Supplement 54.COR LOE RecommendationsI B-NR1

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where are the references that support the recommendations summarized?. ### Response: Online Data Supplement 54.COR LOE RecommendationsI B-NR1.


Instruction: Where are the recommendations summarized?

Output: Online Data Supplement 54

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where are the recommendations summarized?. ### Response: Online Data Supplement 54.


Instruction: Who should undergo evaluation for potential residual anatomic or coronary abnormalities?

Output: Adult patients with repaired complex congenital heart disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who should undergo evaluation for potential residual anatomic or coronary abnormalities?. ### Response: Adult patients with repaired complex congenital heart disease.


Instruction: What is indicated in patients with adult congenital heart disease and complex or sustained VA in the presence of important residual hemodynamic lesions?

Output: treatment of hemodynamic abnormalities with catheter or surgical intervention

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is indicated in patients with adult congenital heart disease and complex or sustained VA in the presence of important residual hemodynamic lesions?. ### Response: treatment of hemodynamic abnormalities with catheter or surgical intervention.


Instruction: Treatment of hemodynamic abnormalities with catheter or surgical intervention as feasible is indicated prior to consideration of ablation or what?

Output: an ICD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Treatment of hemodynamic abnormalities with catheter or surgical intervention as feasible is indicated prior to consideration of ablation or what?. ### Response: an ICD.


Instruction: What is recommended in patients with adult congenital heart disease and hemodynamically unstable VT?

Output: an ICD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is recommended in patients with adult congenital heart disease and hemodynamically unstable VT?. ### Response: an ICD.


Instruction: What is an ICD recommended after evaluation and appropriate treatment for residual lesions/ventricular dysfunction if meaningful survival of greater than 1 year is expected?

Output: In patients with adult congenital heart disease and hemodynamically unstable VT

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is an ICD recommended after evaluation and appropriate treatment for residual lesions/ventricular dysfunction if meaningful survival of greater than 1 year is expected?. ### Response: In patients with adult congenital heart disease and hemodynamically unstable VT.


Instruction: What is the 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease?

Output: Otto et al 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Valvular Heart DiseaseFebruary 2, 2021 Circulation. 2021;143:e72–e227

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease?. ### Response: Otto et al 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Valvular Heart DiseaseFebruary 2, 2021 Circulation. 2021;143:e72–e227.


Instruction: When was the 2020 AHA/ACC guideline published?

Output: February 2, 2021

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the 2020 AHA/ACC guideline published?. ### Response: February 2, 2021.


Instruction: What are the 5-Year outcomes of self-expanding transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in high-risk patients?

Output: 2018;72:2687–

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the 5-Year outcomes of self-expanding transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in high-risk patients?. ### Response: 2018;72:2687–.


Instruction: What is the risk factor for aortic valve replacement in high-risk patients?

Output: lifetime anticoagulant-related event risk against reopera-tion risk

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the risk factor for aortic valve replacement in high-risk patients?. ### Response: lifetime anticoagulant-related event risk against reopera-tion risk.


Instruction: What does Blackman DJ, Saraf S, MacCarthy PA, et al. have to say about trans-catheter prostheses?

Output: Long-term durability

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does Blackman DJ, Saraf S, MacCarthy PA, et al. have to say about trans-catheter prostheses?. ### Response: Long-term durability.


Instruction: What is the difference between mechanical and mechanical prostheses for aortic valve and mitral valve replacement?

Output: improved outcome

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the difference between mechanical and mechanical prostheses for aortic valve and mitral valve replacement?. ### Response: improved outcome.


Instruction: What are the benefits of surgical bioprosthetics for patients at lower surgical risk?

Output: Durability

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the benefits of surgical bioprosthetics for patients at lower surgical risk?. ### Response: Durability.


Instruction: What type of prostheses can be used for aortic-valve replacement?

Output: bioprosthetic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of prostheses can be used for aortic-valve replacement?. ### Response: bioprosthetic.


Instruction: What year did N Engl J Med issue 377:1847-57?

Output: 2017

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year did N Engl J Med issue 377:1847-57?. ### Response: 2017.


Instruction: Why is noninferiority of closely moni-tored mechanical valves overshadowed by early mortality benefit in younger patients?

Output: bioprostheses

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why is noninferiority of closely moni-tored mechanical valves overshadowed by early mortality benefit in younger patients?. ### Response: bioprostheses.


Instruction: What year did Surg. 2012:93:748–53?

Output: 2012

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year did Surg. 2012:93:748–53?. ### Response: 2012.


Instruction: What year was Surg Surg?

Output: 2008

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year was Surg Surg?. ### Response: 2008.