Instruction: What does PCE stand for?

Output: pooled cohort equations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does PCE stand for?. ### Response: pooled cohort equations.


Instruction: What is the PCE for asymptomatic adults 40-75 y of age?

Output: pooled cohort equations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the PCE for asymptomatic adults 40-75 y of age?. ### Response: pooled cohort equations.


Instruction: How are PCEs best validated?

Output: among non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks living in the United States

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How are PCEs best validated?. ### Response: among non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks living in the United States.


Instruction: Where are the PCEs best validated?

Output: among non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks living in the United States

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where are the PCEs best validated?. ### Response: among non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks living in the United States.


Instruction: What may over- or underestimate risk in other racial/ethnic groups?

Output: the PCE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may over- or underestimate risk in other racial/ethnic groups?. ### Response: the PCE.


Instruction: What is another risk prediction tool?

Output: pooled cohort equations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another risk prediction tool?. ### Response: pooled cohort equations.


Instruction: What are some examples of risk prediction tools?

Output: general Framingham ASCVD risk score,152 Reynolds risk scores,153,154 SCORE,155 and QRISK/JBS3156 tools

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some examples of risk prediction tools?. ### Response: general Framingham ASCVD risk score,152 Reynolds risk scores,153,154 SCORE,155 and QRISK/JBS3156 tools.


Instruction: Other professional societies have incorporated some of these alternative risk scores into what?

Output: lipid management guidelines

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Other professional societies have incorporated some of these alternative risk scores into what?. ### Response: lipid management guidelines.


Instruction: What have some organizations incorporated into their lipid management guidelines or considered different risk thresholds for preventive interventions?

Output: alternative validated risk scores

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What have some organizations incorporated into their lipid management guidelines or considered different risk thresholds for preventive interventions?. ### Response: alternative validated risk scores.


Instruction: What is the overarching goal of organizational guidelines?

Output: matching the intensity of preventive therapies to absolute (generally 10-y) risk of the patient

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the overarching goal of organizational guidelines?. ### Response: matching the intensity of preventive therapies to absolute (generally 10-y) risk of the patient.


Instruction: What is the absolute risk of the patient?

Output: 10-y

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the absolute risk of the patient?. ### Response: 10-y.


Instruction: What are the recommendations for Screening and Management of CVD Risk?

Output: Clinical Recommendations 2017 Hypertension Clinical Practice Guidelines

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the recommendations for Screening and Management of CVD Risk?. ### Response: Clinical Recommendations 2017 Hypertension Clinical Practice Guidelines.


Instruction: What are other modifiable CVD risk factors recommended in adults with hypertension?

Output: Screening for and management

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are other modifiable CVD risk factors recommended in adults with hypertension?. ### Response: Screening for and management.


Instruction: What is the 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease14 Recommendation for ASCVD Risk Assessment?

Output: Section 2.2, 2019 Prevention Guideline

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease14 Recommendation for ASCVD Risk Assessment?. ### Response: Section 2.2, 2019 Prevention Guideline.


Instruction: What should clinicians routinely assess for adults 40 to 75 y of age?

Output: traditional cardiovascular risk factors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should clinicians routinely assess for adults 40 to 75 y of age?. ### Response: traditional cardiovascular risk factors.


Instruction: ACC indicates American College of Cardiology; AHA, American Heart Association; what is ASCVD?

Output: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: ACC indicates American College of Cardiology; AHA, American Heart Association; what is ASCVD?. ### Response: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.


Instruction: What is the acronym for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease?

Output: ASCVD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the acronym for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease?. ### Response: ASCVD.


Instruction: What does AHA stand for?

Output: American Heart Association

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does AHA stand for?. ### Response: American Heart Association.


Instruction: What is QCDR?

Output: Qualified Clinical Data Registry

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is QCDR?. ### Response: Qualified Clinical Data Registry.


Instruction: What is SBP?

Output: systolic blood pressure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is SBP?. ### Response: systolic blood pressure.


Instruction: What is known to be associated with poor adherenceto medication?

Output: CKD patients

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is known to be associated with poor adherenceto medication?. ### Response: CKD patients.


Instruction: What fluctuates in a typical clinical setting?

Output: BP reading in a patientwith previously well controlled BP was unlikely to indicate apersistent loss of BP control, but rather reﬂect day-to-dayvariation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What fluctuates in a typical clinical setting?. ### Response: BP reading in a patientwith previously well controlled BP was unlikely to indicate apersistent loss of BP control, but rather reﬂect day-to-dayvariation.


Instruction: What will happen if several BPreadings are above a previously achieved target?

Output: Theregimen will not then be altered again

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What will happen if several BPreadings are above a previously achieved target?. ### Response: Theregimen will not then be altered again.


Instruction: Why does BP fluctuate?

Output: there is a good chance that aproportion of the subsequent BP readings will inevitably beabove a previously achieved target

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why does BP fluctuate?. ### Response: there is a good chance that aproportion of the subsequent BP readings will inevitably beabove a previously achieved target.


Instruction: What is one way to circumvent this problem?

Output: set a threshold level for treatment that islower than the desired target

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is one way to circumvent this problem?. ### Response: set a threshold level for treatment that islower than the desired target.


Instruction: What is a way to circumvent the problem of setting a threshold level for treatment that islower than the desired target?

Output: repeated BP measurements

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a way to circumvent the problem of setting a threshold level for treatment that islower than the desired target?. ### Response: repeated BP measurements.


Instruction: What has been used in several health care recommendations?

Output: set a threshold level

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has been used in several health care recommendations?. ### Response: set a threshold level.


Instruction: What have we set the same values for for treatment and desired target systolic and diastol levels?

Output: thethreshold

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What have we set the same values for for treatment and desired target systolic and diastol levels?. ### Response: thethreshold.


Instruction: What do we emphasize the value of checking forconsistency by using repeated BP measurements to directtherapy?

Output: targetattainment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do we emphasize the value of checking forconsistency by using repeated BP measurements to directtherapy?. ### Response: targetattainment.


Instruction: How is BP measured infrequently?

Output: BP control isaudited by measuring the BP in a patient or a group ofpatients on just one occasion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How is BP measured infrequently?. ### Response: BP control isaudited by measuring the BP in a patient or a group ofpatients on just one occasion.


Instruction: How can BP be better assessed in an individual patient?

Output: by means of repeatedclinical measurements over a period of time

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How can BP be better assessed in an individual patient?. ### Response: by means of repeatedclinical measurements over a period of time.


Instruction: What can be better assessed by means of repeatedclinical measurements over a period of time?

Output: consistency

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can be better assessed by means of repeatedclinical measurements over a period of time?. ### Response: consistency.


Instruction: How can home self-measurement ofBP or ABPM be assessed?

Output: moresophisticated techniques

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How can home self-measurement ofBP or ABPM be assessed?. ### Response: moresophisticated techniques.


Instruction: What is difficult to evaluate in agroup of patients?

Output: guideline implementation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is difficult to evaluate in agroup of patients?. ### Response: guideline implementation.


Instruction: What percentage of patients will have a BP level above the target value even when guidelines have been closely followed and adherence has been high?

Output: We haveinsufﬁcient knowledge of what proportion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What percentage of patients will have a BP level above the target value even when guidelines have been closely followed and adherence has been high?. ### Response: We haveinsufﬁcient knowledge of what proportion.


Instruction: In a post hoc analysis of a large RCTof essentialhypertension, what was a single elevated office BP reading?

Output: above (sometimes well above) that target

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In a post hoc analysis of a large RCTof essentialhypertension, what was a single elevated office BP reading?. ### Response: above (sometimes well above) that target.


Instruction: In a large RCT of essentialhypertension, a single elevated office BP reading in a patientwith previously well controlled BP was unlikely to indicate apersistent loss of what?

Output: BP control

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In a large RCT of essentialhypertension, a single elevated office BP reading in a patientwith previously well controlled BP was unlikely to indicate apersistent loss of what?. ### Response: BP control.


Instruction: What are the publishers and the ISN, the editorial board, and editorial board responsible for?

Output: every effort is made by the publishers, editorial board,and ISN to see that no inaccurate or misleading

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the publishers and the ISN, the editorial board, and editorial board responsible for?. ### Response: every effort is made by the publishers, editorial board,and ISN to see that no inaccurate or misleading.


Instruction: What do the publishers want to make clear about the data and opinions appearing in the Journal?

Output: no inaccurate or misleading data

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do the publishers want to make clear about the data and opinions appearing in the Journal?. ### Response: no inaccurate or misleading data.


Instruction: What do publishers and the ISN accept for the consequences of inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement?

Output: noliability

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do publishers and the ISN accept for the consequences of inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement?. ### Response: noliability.


Instruction: What are the implications for cardiometabolic disease risk?

Output: Sociodemographic and cultural determinants of sleep deficiency

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the implications for cardiometabolic disease risk?. ### Response: Sociodemographic and cultural determinants of sleep deficiency.


Instruction: What is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials?

Output: psychological interven-tions to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials?. ### Response: psychological interven-tions to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.


Instruction: What is the purpose of psychological interventions in diabetes patients?

Output: improve glycaemic control

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the purpose of psychological interventions in diabetes patients?. ### Response: improve glycaemic control.


Instruction: When will the updated meta-analysis be available?

Output: May 1, 2023

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When will the updated meta-analysis be available?. ### Response: May 1, 2023.


Instruction: What are some of the complications of VHD?

Output: irreversible ventricular dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, stroke, and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some of the complications of VHD?. ### Response: irreversible ventricular dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, stroke, and atrial fibrillation (AF)..


Instruction: What are the criteria for severe VHD based on?

Output: predictors of clinical outcome

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the criteria for severe VHD based on?. ### Response: predictors of clinical outcome.


Instruction: What is severity a continuous vari-able?

Output: categorizing disease into stages

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is severity a continuous vari-able?. ### Response: categorizing disease into stages.


Instruction: What provides a framework for diagnosis and management?

Output: categorizing disease into stages

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What provides a framework for diagnosis and management?. ### Response: categorizing disease into stages.


Instruction: Not all patients will fit perfectly into what stage?

Output: a specific stage

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Not all patients will fit perfectly into what stage?. ### Response: a specific stage.


Instruction: What may not match exactly across all categories?

Output: numerical measures

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may not match exactly across all categories?. ### Response: numerical measures.


Instruction: What may some patients have symptoms or end-organ damage with valve hemo-dynamics that do not quite meet specific disease severity criteria?

Output: re-main asymptomatic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may some patients have symptoms or end-organ damage with valve hemo-dynamics that do not quite meet specific disease severity criteria?. ### Response: re-main asymptomatic.


Instruction: What is the standard diagnostic test for VHD?

Output: Initial DiagnosisTTE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the standard diagnostic test for VHD?. ### Response: Initial DiagnosisTTE.


Instruction: What is one of the criteria listed for each individual valve lesion?

Output: stages

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is one of the criteria listed for each individual valve lesion?. ### Response: stages.


Instruction: What is the standard diagnostic test in the initial evalu-ation of patients with known or suspected VHD?

Output: Initial DiagnosisTTE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the standard diagnostic test in the initial evalu-ation of patients with known or suspected VHD?. ### Response: Initial DiagnosisTTE.


Instruction: What is the name of the multidisciplinary team that specializes in mitral regurgitation?

Output: MDT

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the multidisciplinary team that specializes in mitral regurgitation?. ### Response: MDT.


Instruction: What is another name for mitral stenosis?

Output: mitral regurgitationMS

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another name for mitral stenosis?. ### Response: mitral regurgitationMS.


Instruction: Who is the New York Heart Association?

Output: NYHA New York Heart Association

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the New York Heart Association?. ### Response: NYHA New York Heart Association.


Instruction: What is TEER transcatheter edge-to-edge repair?

Output: TR tricuspid regurgitation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is TEER transcatheter edge-to-edge repair?. ### Response: TR tricuspid regurgitation.


Instruction: What is TTE transthoracic echocardiography?

Output: echocardiogram

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is TTE transthoracic echocardiography?. ### Response: echocardiogram.


Instruction: What did ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians initiate treatment in adults aged 60 years or older?

Output: pharmacologic treatment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians initiate treatment in adults aged 60 years or older?. ### Response: pharmacologic treatment.


Instruction: What was the recent guideline based on?

Output: a review

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the recent guideline based on?. ### Response: a review.


Instruction: What should clinicians initiate in adults aged 60 years or older with systolic blood pressure persis-tently at or above 150 mm Hg?

Output: treatment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should clinicians initiate in adults aged 60 years or older with systolic blood pressure persis-tently at or above 150 mm Hg?. ### Response: treatment.


Instruction: What is a target target of less than 150mmHg to reduce the risk forstroke, cardiac events and possibly mortality?

Output: systolicblood pressure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a target target of less than 150mmHg to reduce the risk forstroke, cardiac events and possibly mortality?. ### Response: systolicblood pressure.


Instruction: ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians select the treatment goals for adults aged 60 years or older based on a periodic discussion of thebenefits and harms of what?

Output: speciﬁc blood pressure targets

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians select the treatment goals for adults aged 60 years or older based on a periodic discussion of thebenefits and harms of what?. ### Response: speciﬁc blood pressure targets.


Instruction: What was the target systolic blood pressure of less than 150 mm Hg?

Output: reduce the risk forstroke, cardiac events, and possibly mortality

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the target systolic blood pressure of less than 150 mm Hg?. ### Response: reduce the risk forstroke, cardiac events, and possibly mortality.


Instruction: What does ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians consider initiating or intensi-fying in some adults?

Output: pharmacologic treatment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians consider initiating or intensi-fying in some adults?. ### Response: pharmacologic treatment.


Instruction: What do clinicians consider initiating or intensi-fying pharmacologic treatment in some adults aged 60 years or older at high cardiovascular risk?

Output: to achieve a target systolic blood pressure of lessthan 140 mm Hg

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do clinicians consider initiating or intensi-fying pharmacologic treatment in some adults aged 60 years or older at high cardiovascular risk?. ### Response: to achieve a target systolic blood pressure of lessthan 140 mm Hg.


Instruction: What is the target systolic blood pressure of less than 140mm Hg?

Output: low-

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the target systolic blood pressure of less than 140mm Hg?. ### Response: low-.


Instruction: ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians select what?

Output: treatment goals for adultsaged 60 years or older

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians select what?. ### Response: treatment goals for adultsaged 60 years or older.


Instruction: What do ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians consider initiating or intensi-fying in some adults aged 60 or older?

Output: pharmacologic treatment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do ACP and AAFP recommend that clinicians consider initiating or intensi-fying in some adults aged 60 or older?. ### Response: pharmacologic treatment.


Instruction: What is the target systolic blood pressure of less than 140 mm Hg?

Output: low-

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the target systolic blood pressure of less than 140 mm Hg?. ### Response: low-.


Instruction: What are the first 2 paragraphs under the heading, "Differing BPTargets?"

Output: ﬁ

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the first 2 paragraphs under the heading, "Differing BPTargets?". ### Response: ﬁ.


Instruction: What did the first 2 paragraphs under the heading, “Differing BPTargets” now read?

Output: as follows

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the first 2 paragraphs under the heading, “Differing BPTargets” now read?. ### Response: as follows.


Instruction: What did moderate-quality evidence show in patients with a baseline SBP of 160 mm Hg or greater?

Output: a reduction in all-cause mortality

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did moderate-quality evidence show in patients with a baseline SBP of 160 mm Hg or greater?. ### Response: a reduction in all-cause mortality.


Instruction: What was the relative risk of stroke?

Output: 0.93

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the relative risk of stroke?. ### Response: 0.93.


Instruction: What is the absolute risk reduction?

Output: 1.13

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the absolute risk reduction?. ### Response: 1.13.


Instruction: In studies with lower SBP targets (140 mm Hg), low-quality evidence showed what?

Output: weak recommendation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In studies with lower SBP targets (140 mm Hg), low-quality evidence showed what?. ### Response: weak recommendation.


Instruction: What is clinical decision making when making judgements regarding the overall quality of the evidence to support a recommendation?

Output: 157

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is clinical decision making when making judgements regarding the overall quality of the evidence to support a recommendation?. ### Response: 157.


Instruction: How did the Work Group rate each outcome on a 1 -9 scale?

Output: 7 -9

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How did the Work Group rate each outcome on a 1 -9 scale?. ### Response: 7 -9.


Instruction: What is important but not critical for decision making?

Output: 4 -6

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is important but not critical for decision making?. ### Response: 4 -6.


Instruction: What is of limited importance for decisio n making? What were critical and important outcomes included in the evidence review?

Output: 1 -3

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is of limited importance for decisio n making? What were critical and important outcomes included in the evidence review?. ### Response: 1 -3.


Instruction: What is used to determine the overall quality of evidence?

Output: outcomes judged to be critical

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is used to determine the overall quality of evidence?. ### Response: outcomes judged to be critical.


Instruction: What are some of the outcomes evaluated?

Output: all-cause mortality; CV outcomes, such asMI, stroke, and HF

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some of the outcomes evaluated?. ### Response: all-cause mortality; CV outcomes, such asMI, stroke, and HF.


Instruction: What are three CV outcomes?

Output: MI, stroke, and HF

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are three CV outcomes?. ### Response: MI, stroke, and HF.


Instruction: What was a subgroup analysis in the ALLHATstudy?

Output: CKD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was a subgroup analysis in the ALLHATstudy?. ### Response: CKD.


Instruction: Forexample, AASK and IDNT enrolled only patients with what type of BP?

Output: high

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Forexample, AASK and IDNT enrolled only patients with what type of BP?. ### Response: high.


Instruction: Who were enrolled in the study?

Output: patients withhigh BP

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who were enrolled in the study?. ### Response: patients withhigh BP.


Instruction: What were the antihypertensive drug classes ACEi/ARB, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers compared to?

Output: kidney failure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What were the antihypertensive drug classes ACEi/ARB, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers compared to?. ### Response: kidney failure.


Instruction: How many studies examined RASi as agents used to reduce kidney disease progression?

Output: A fair number of trials

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many studies examined RASi as agents used to reduce kidney disease progression?. ### Response: A fair number of trials.


Instruction: How many large trials examinedACEi as CV protective agents in people with diabetes?

Output: 3

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many large trials examinedACEi as CV protective agents in people with diabetes?. ### Response: 3.


Instruction: What was not the aim of the trials?

Output: Lowering of BP

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was not the aim of the trials?. ### Response: Lowering of BP.


Instruction: What was reduced with RASi compared to placebo or other antihypertensive agents?

Output: Kidney disease pro-gression

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was reduced with RASi compared to placebo or other antihypertensive agents?. ### Response: Kidney disease pro-gression.


Instruction: What does urine protein excretion suggest about antihypertensive agents?

Output: effect modi ﬁca-tion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does urine protein excretion suggest about antihypertensive agents?. ### Response: effect modi ﬁca-tion.


Instruction: What reduced CVoutcomes as compared to placebo in high-risk populations?

Output: RASi

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What reduced CVoutcomes as compared to placebo in high-risk populations?. ### Response: RASi.


Instruction: What type of agents are used to treat high BP to target in CKD?

Output: antihy-pertensive agents

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of agents are used to treat high BP to target in CKD?. ### Response: antihy-pertensive agents.


Instruction: There is almostno evidence comparing antihypertensive combination therapies from what type of trials?

Output: RCTs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: There is almostno evidence comparing antihypertensive combination therapies from what type of trials?. ### Response: RCTs.


Instruction: Many people will need combinations of what?

Output: several antihypertensive drugs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Many people will need combinations of what?. ### Response: several antihypertensive drugs.


Instruction: What is suggested to start antihypertensive ther-apy in such people?

Output: antihypertensive drug combinations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is suggested to start antihypertensive ther-apy in such people?. ### Response: antihypertensive drug combinations.


Instruction: What are there no RCTs comparing different drug combinations in CKD?

Output: antihy-pertensive classes other than RASi, beta-blockers, and CCBs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are there no RCTs comparing different drug combinations in CKD?. ### Response: antihy-pertensive classes other than RASi, beta-blockers, and CCBs.


Instruction: How many RCTs were included in the meta-analysis by Xie et al.?

Output: 119

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many RCTs were included in the meta-analysis by Xie et al.?. ### Response: 119.


Instruction: What was the bene fit of treating with RASi compared to placebo or active therapy in patients with CKD?

Output: Kidney disease pro-gression was reduced

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the bene fit of treating with RASi compared to placebo or active therapy in patients with CKD?. ### Response: Kidney disease pro-gression was reduced.


Instruction: What did the results demonstrate with narrower con fidence intervals than?

Output: improved precision

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the results demonstrate with narrower con fidence intervals than?. ### Response: improved precision.


Instruction: What reduced the risk of kidney failure by 39% and 30%?

Output: ACEi and ARBs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What reduced the risk of kidney failure by 39% and 30%?. ### Response: ACEi and ARBs.


Instruction: What is easy bruisability?

Output: Cushing's syndrome

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is easy bruisability?. ### Response: Cushing's syndrome.


Instruction: What does a family history of hypertension indicate?

Output: blood pressure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does a family history of hypertension indicate?. ### Response: blood pressure.


Instruction: Where can ahajournals.org be downloaded?

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where can ahajournals.org be downloaded?. ### Response: http://.


Instruction: What is Heart Failure Focused Update on Pharmacological Therapy?

Output: Reduced Ejection Fraction

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Heart Failure Focused Update on Pharmacological Therapy?. ### Response: Reduced Ejection Fraction.


Output: Heart Failure Focused Update on Pharmacological Therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: 2016;134:e282–e293.. ### Response: Heart Failure Focused Update on Pharmacological Therapy.


Output: Author Relationships With Industry  and Other Entities (Relevant)  . . . . . . . . . . . e289Appendix 2

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: e283Introduction. ### Response: Author Relationships With Industry  and Other Entities (Relevant)  . . . . . . . . . . . e289Appendix 2.


Instruction: e285 7.3. Stage C.

Output: 2 .11

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: e285 7.3. Stage C.. ### Response: 2 .11.


Instruction: e285 7.3.2. Pharmacological Treatment for Stage C HF With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Recommendations What is Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition With?

Output: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: e285 7.3.2. Pharmacological Treatment for Stage C HF With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Recommendations What is Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition With?. ### Response: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor.


Instruction: What is ARNI?

Output: Recommendations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is ARNI?. ### Response: Recommendations.


Instruction: What is an Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor Blocker?

Output: Angiotensin-Converting

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is an Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor Blocker?. ### Response: Angiotensin-Converting.


Instruction: What is a ARNI: Recommendations?

Output: Blocker

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a ARNI: Recommendations?. ### Response: Blocker.


Instruction: e288Appendix 1 Author Relationships With Industry and Other Entities (Relevant)

Output: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .e285 7 .3 . Stage C  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e285  7 .3 .2 .  Pharmacological Treatment for Stage C HF With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Recommendations e285   7 .3 .2 .10 .  Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition  With Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor  Blocker or ARNI: Recommendations  . . e285   7 .3 .2 .11 .  Ivabradine: Recommendation  . . . . . . . e287References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e288Appendix 1 .  Author Relationships With Industry  and Other Entities (Relevant)  . . . . . . . . . .

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: e288Appendix 1 Author Relationships With Industry and Other Entities (Relevant). ### Response: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .e285 7 .3 . Stage C  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e285  7 .3 .2 .  Pharmacological Treatment for Stage C HF With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Recommendations e285   7 .3 .2 .10 .  Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition  With Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor  Blocker or ARNI: Recommendations  . . e285   7 .3 .2 .11 .  Ivabradine: Recommendation  . . . . . . . e287References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e288Appendix 1 .  Author Relationships With Industry  and Other Entities (Relevant)  . . . . . . . . . ..


Instruction: e289Appendix 2. Reviewer Relationships With Industry and Other Entities (Comprehensive)

Output: Reviewer Relationships With Industry

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: e289Appendix 2. Reviewer Relationships With Industry and Other Entities (Comprehensive). ### Response: Reviewer Relationships With Industry.


Instruction: What is critical to ensuring that guidelines re-flect current knowledge, available treatment options, and optimum medical care?

Output: e291pReAMbLeIncorporation of new study results, medications, or de-vices that merit modification of existing clinical practice guideline recommendations, or the addition of new rec-ommendations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is critical to ensuring that guidelines re-flect current knowledge, available treatment options, and optimum medical care?. ### Response: e291pReAMbLeIncorporation of new study results, medications, or de-vices that merit modification of existing clinical practice guideline recommendations, or the addition of new rec-ommendations.


Instruction: What is the acronym for the American College of Cardiology/Ameri-can Heart Association?

Output: AHA

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the acronym for the American College of Cardiology/Ameri-can Heart Association?. ### Response: AHA.


Instruction: What is the acronym for the College of Cardiology/Ameri-can Heart Association?

Output: American College of Cardiology

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the acronym for the College of Cardiology/Ameri-can Heart Association?. ### Response: American College of Cardiology.


Instruction: What does the Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines do?

Output: reassess guideline recommendations on the basis of recently published study data

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does the Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines do?. ### Response: reassess guideline recommendations on the basis of recently published study data.


Instruction: What type of review and approval is similar to the full guidelines?

Output: multilevel

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of review and approval is similar to the full guidelines?. ### Response: multilevel.


Instruction: What is the ACC/AHA guideline methodology manual?

Output: focused update criteria and additional methodological details

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the ACC/AHA guideline methodology manual?. ### Response: focused update criteria and additional methodological details.


Instruction: Medicine2,3 and ACC/AHA mandates lead to adoption of what format?

Output: knowledge byte

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Medicine2,3 and ACC/AHA mandates lead to adoption of what format?. ### Response: knowledge byte.


Instruction: What format entails delineation of a rec-ommendation addressing a specific clinical question, followed by concise text and hy-perlinked to supportive evidence?

Output: knowledge byte

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What format entails delineation of a rec-ommendation addressing a specific clinical question, followed by concise text and hy-perlinked to supportive evidence?. ### Response: knowledge byte.


Instruction: What does GDEM stand for?

Output: guideline-directed evaluation and management

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does GDEM stand for?. ### Response: guideline-directed evaluation and management.


Instruction: What is the term for guideline-directed evaluation and management?

Output: GDEM

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the term for guideline-directed evaluation and management?. ### Response: GDEM.


Instruction: What term refers to care defined mainly by ACC/AHA Class I recommendations?

Output: guideline-directed evaluation and management

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What term refers to care defined mainly by ACC/AHA Class I recommendations?. ### Response: guideline-directed evaluation and management.


Instruction: The reader should confirm dosage with what?

Output: product insert material

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: The reader should confirm dosage with what?. ### Response: product insert material.


Instruction: What is another name for angiotensin II-receptor-antagonists?

Output: Schaefer C

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another name for angiotensin II-receptor-antagonists?. ### Response: Schaefer C.


Instruction: What year did Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol issue 67:591–4?

Output: 2003

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year did Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol issue 67:591–4?. ### Response: 2003.


Instruction: Cooper WO, Hernandez-Diaz S, Arbogast PG, et al. Major congenital mal-formations after first-trimester exposure to what?

Output: ACE inhibitors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Cooper WO, Hernandez-Diaz S, Arbogast PG, et al. Major congenital mal-formations after first-trimester exposure to what?. ### Response: ACE inhibitors.


Instruction: What is the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of?

Output: pa-tients with atrial fibrillation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of?. ### Response: pa-tients with atrial fibrillation.


Instruction: What are the risks of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition during pregnancy?

Output: experimental and clinical evi-dence, potential mechanisms, and recommendations for use

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the risks of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition during pregnancy?. ### Response: experimental and clinical evi-dence, potential mechanisms, and recommendations for use.


Instruction: What is the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation?

Output: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation?. ### Response: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society.


Instruction: What is a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society?

Output: 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society?. ### Response: 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation.


Instruction: What is the 2019 focus of the AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of pa-tients with atrial fibrillation?

Output: up-date of the 2014

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the 2019 focus of the AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of pa-tients with atrial fibrillation?. ### Response: up-date of the 2014.


Instruction: What was developed in collaboration with the Society of Heart Rhythm Society?

Output: AHA/ACC/HRS guideline

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was developed in collaboration with the Society of Heart Rhythm Society?. ### Response: AHA/ACC/HRS guideline.


Instruction: Who developed Heart Rhythm Society?

Output: Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who developed Heart Rhythm Society?. ### Response: Society of Thoracic Surgeons.


Instruction: What is the name of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons collaboration?

Output: American College of Cardiol-ogy/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons collaboration?. ### Response: American College of Cardiol-ogy/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society.


Instruction: How is the intervention for women with Native VHD before and During Pregnancy?

Output: Pre-Pregnancy Intervention

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How is the intervention for women with Native VHD before and During Pregnancy?. ### Response: Pre-Pregnancy Intervention.


Instruction: What are the outcomes of valvular heart disease in pregnant women?

Output: maternal and fetal

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the outcomes of valvular heart disease in pregnant women?. ### Response: maternal and fetal.


Instruction: What is the name of the prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcomes in women with heart disease?

Output: Siu SC, Sermer M, Colman JM, et al.

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcomes in women with heart disease?. ### Response: Siu SC, Sermer M, Colman JM, et al..


Instruction: What is the effect of valvular heart disease on maternal and fetal outcome of pregnancy?

Output: Clinical and echocar -diographic assessment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of valvular heart disease on maternal and fetal outcome of pregnancy?. ### Response: Clinical and echocar -diographic assessment.


Instruction: What are the prognostic factors of rheumatic mitral stenosis during pregnancy and puerperium?

Output: 4

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the prognostic factors of rheumatic mitral stenosis during pregnancy and puerperium?. ### Response: 4.


Instruction: What does pregnancy and puerperium mean?

Output: rheumatic mitral stenosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does pregnancy and puerperium mean?. ### Response: rheumatic mitral stenosis.


Instruction: What is the name of the registry that shows the risk of pregnancy in moderate and severe aortic stenosis?

Output: ROPAC

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the registry that shows the risk of pregnancy in moderate and severe aortic stenosis?. ### Response: ROPAC.


Instruction: Who is the author of Cardiac disease in pregnancy?

Output: Bhatla N, Lal S, Behera G

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the author of Cardiac disease in pregnancy?. ### Response: Bhatla N, Lal S, Behera G.


Instruction: What type of aortic stenosis is from the multinational ROPAC registry?

Output: moderate and severe

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of aortic stenosis is from the multinational ROPAC registry?. ### Response: moderate and severe.


Instruction: What is the J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016:68:1727–37?

Output: Risk of pregnancy in moderate and severe aortic stenosis: from the multinational ROPAC registry

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016:68:1727–37?. ### Response: Risk of pregnancy in moderate and severe aortic stenosis: from the multinational ROPAC registry.


Instruction: Who is the author of Late cardiac outcomes af-ter pregnancy in women with congenital Aortic Stenosis?

Output: Tzemos N, Silversides CK, Colman JM

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the author of Late cardiac outcomes af-ter pregnancy in women with congenital Aortic Stenosis?. ### Response: Tzemos N, Silversides CK, Colman JM.


Instruction: What is aortic stenosis and pregnancy?

Output: Risk of pregnancy in moderate and severe aortic stenosis: from the multinational ROPAC registry. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68:1727–37. 7. Tzemos N, Silversides CK, Colman JM, et al. Late cardiac outcomes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is aortic stenosis and pregnancy?. ### Response: Risk of pregnancy in moderate and severe aortic stenosis: from the multinational ROPAC registry. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68:1727–37. 7. Tzemos N, Silversides CK, Colman JM, et al. Late cardiac outcomes.


Instruction: What is the J Reprod Med. 1978:229–32?

Output: Aortic stenosis and pregnancy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the J Reprod Med. 1978:229–32?. ### Response: Aortic stenosis and pregnancy.


Instruction: Who is Silversides CK, Colman JM, Sermer M?

Output: Siu SC

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is Silversides CK, Colman JM, Sermer M?. ### Response: Siu SC.


Instruction: What is the risk of complications dur -ing pregnancy in women with congenital aortic stenosis?

Output: Late cardiac outcomes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the risk of complications dur -ing pregnancy in women with congenital aortic stenosis?. ### Response: Late cardiac outcomes.


Instruction: Int J Cardiol. 2008;126:240–6.

Output: Risk of complications dur -ing pregnancy in women with congenital aortic stenosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Int J Cardiol. 2008;126:240–6.. ### Response: Risk of complications dur -ing pregnancy in women with congenital aortic stenosis.


Instruction: Who is Rita Kalyani Official Reviewer at ADAJohns Hopkins School of Medicine?

Output: Associate Professor of Medicine

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is Rita Kalyani Official Reviewer at ADAJohns Hopkins School of Medicine?. ### Response: Associate Professor of Medicine.


Instruction: Who is the Chief of Cardiology at ACC Board of GovernorsNew York University Medical Center?

Output: Norma M. Keller

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Chief of Cardiology at ACC Board of GovernorsNew York University Medical Center?. ### Response: Norma M. Keller.


Instruction: What is the name of the official reviewer at ASPCUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center who is the assistant professor of medicine?

Output: Amit Khera

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the official reviewer at ASPCUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center who is the assistant professor of medicine?. ### Response: Amit Khera.


Instruction: What is the name of the Assistant Professor of Medicine at Southwestern Medical Center?

Output: Amit Khera

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the Assistant Professor of Medicine at Southwestern Medical Center?. ### Response: Amit Khera.


Instruction: On what date was this article downloaded?

Output: May 1, 2023

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: On what date was this article downloaded?. ### Response: May 1, 2023.


Instruction: When did this article become available?

Output: May 1, 2023

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did this article become available?. ### Response: May 1, 2023.


Instruction: What is the role of emotional stress in relation to hypertension yet to be fully elucidated?

Output: has yet to be fully elucidated. It might be important toacknowledge the potential relationship of stress to many ofthe cardiovascular risk factors, particularly hypertension,when counseling patients

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the role of emotional stress in relation to hypertension yet to be fully elucidated?. ### Response: has yet to be fully elucidated. It might be important toacknowledge the potential relationship of stress to many ofthe cardiovascular risk factors, particularly hypertension,when counseling patients.


Instruction: What might it be important toacknowledge the potential relationship of stress to many cardiovascular risk factors, particularly hypertension?

Output: when counseling patients

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What might it be important toacknowledge the potential relationship of stress to many cardiovascular risk factors, particularly hypertension?. ### Response: when counseling patients.


Instruction: What is the goal hemoglobin A1c?

Output: 7%or less

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the goal hemoglobin A1c?. ### Response: 7%or less.


Instruction: What is a goal HbA1c between 7% and 9%?

Output: reasonable

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a goal HbA1c between 7% and 9%?. ### Response: reasonable.


Instruction: What should not be initiated inpatients with SIHD?

Output: Therapy with rosiglitazone

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should not be initiated inpatients with SIHD?. ### Response: Therapy with rosiglitazone.


Instruction: What is the level of evidence for Class IIb1?

Output: C

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the level of evidence for Class IIb1?. ### Response: C.


Instruction: What is an important independent risk factor forcardiovascular disease?

Output: Diabetes mellitus

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is an important independent risk factor forcardiovascular disease?. ### Response: Diabetes mellitus.


Instruction: What is associated with at least a 10-fold increase in cardiovascular events?

Output: Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is associated with at least a 10-fold increase in cardiovascular events?. ### Response: Type 1 diabetes mellitus.


Instruction: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a risk of what?

Output: death

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a risk of what?. ### Response: death.


Instruction: What is the risk of death from cardiovascular causes of diabetes mellitus 2 to 6 times higher than?

Output: personswithout diabetes mellitus

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the risk of death from cardiovascular causes of diabetes mellitus 2 to 6 times higher than?. ### Response: personswithout diabetes mellitus.


Instruction: What account for 80% of deaths among patients with diabetes meillitus?

Output: The complications of athero-sclerosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What account for 80% of deaths among patients with diabetes meillitus?. ### Response: The complications of athero-sclerosis.


Instruction: IHD is responsible for the majority of what?

Output: deaths

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: IHD is responsible for the majority of what?. ### Response: deaths.


Instruction: What type of diabetes is associated with a poor outcome in patients with SIHD?

Output: Diabetes mellitus

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of diabetes is associated with a poor outcome in patients with SIHD?. ### Response: Diabetes mellitus.


Instruction: What percentage greater risk of death did patients with diabetes mellitus have afteradjusting for other risk factors?

Output: 57%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What percentage greater risk of death did patients with diabetes mellitus have afteradjusting for other risk factors?. ### Response: 57%.


Instruction: What has shown a salutary effect of intensive glycemic control on the development of microvas-cular complications of diabetes mellitus?

Output: Clinical trials

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has shown a salutary effect of intensive glycemic control on the development of microvas-cular complications of diabetes mellitus?. ### Response: Clinical trials.


Instruction: What has secondary analyses suggesting a benefitextending into the normal range of HbA1c?

Output: 574,575,598

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has secondary analyses suggesting a benefitextending into the normal range of HbA1c?. ### Response: 574,575,598.


Instruction: What is the normal range of HbA1c?

Output: 9.1%)

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the normal range of HbA1c?. ### Response: 9.1%).


Instruction: The efficacy of intensive diabetes therapy in reducing cardiovas-cular disease is less well established?

Output: theefficacy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: The efficacy of intensive diabetes therapy in reducing cardiovas-cular disease is less well established?. ### Response: theefficacy.


Instruction: In the DCCT, patients with type 1 dia-betes mellitus were randomized to intensive or conventional diabetes therapy?

Output: intensive (mean achievedHbA1c 7.4%) or conventional

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In the DCCT, patients with type 1 dia-betes mellitus were randomized to intensive or conventional diabetes therapy?. ### Response: intensive (mean achievedHbA1c 7.4%) or conventional.


Instruction: How much did conventional therapy reduce the risk of cardiovascular events?

Output: 9.1%)

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How much did conventional therapy reduce the risk of cardiovascular events?. ### Response: 9.1%).


Instruction: What was the mean achieved HbA1c?

Output: 7.4%)

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the mean achieved HbA1c?. ### Response: 7.4%).


Instruction: How long did it take for intensive-treatmentgroups to see fewer cardiovascular events than the conventional group?

Output: 6.5 years

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long did it take for intensive-treatmentgroups to see fewer cardiovascular events than the conventional group?. ### Response: 6.5 years.


Instruction: Why did the difference between groups not reach statistical significance?

Output: the number of events was small

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why did the difference between groups not reach statistical significance?. ### Response: the number of events was small.


Instruction: In what study did intensive therapy reduce cardiovascular events by 42%?

Output: along-term follow-up study

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In what study did intensive therapy reduce cardiovascular events by 42%?. ### Response: along-term follow-up study.


Instruction: What reduced the risk of cardiovascular events by42%?

Output: inten-sive therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What reduced the risk of cardiovascular events by42%?. ### Response: inten-sive therapy.


Instruction: What controlled to a reduction in microvascular complications?

Output: Intensive glycemic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What controlled to a reduction in microvascular complications?. ### Response: Intensive glycemic.


Instruction: The need for what was reduced by intensive glycemic?

Output: retinal

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: The need for what was reduced by intensive glycemic?. ### Response: retinal.


Instruction: What type of test is most useful in patients who have a very high likelihood of IHD on the basis of the history?

Output: exercise test

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of test is most useful in patients who have a very high likelihood of IHD on the basis of the history?. ### Response: exercise test.


Instruction: What is the probability of IHD between 20% and 70%?

Output: the cause of chest pain is truly uncertain

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the probability of IHD between 20% and 70%?. ### Response: the cause of chest pain is truly uncertain.


Instruction: What are these probabilities related to?

Output: thepresence of obstructive CAD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are these probabilities related to?. ### Response: thepresence of obstructive CAD.


Instruction: What type of plaque could become unstable and cause ischemia?

Output: nonobstructing

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of plaque could become unstable and cause ischemia?. ### Response: nonobstructing.


Instruction: What can information about the type of pain and age and sex of a patient provide an estimate of?

Output: the likelihood of IHD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can information about the type of pain and age and sex of a patient provide an estimate of?. ### Response: the likelihood of IHD.


Instruction: What is an areaonable estimate of the likelihood of IHD?

Output: information about thetype of pain and age and sex of the patient

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is an areaonable estimate of the likelihood of IHD?. ### Response: information about thetype of pain and age and sex of the patient.


Instruction: What is a 64-year-old man with typical angina has a 94% chance ofhaving significant coronary stenosis?

Output: information about thetype of pain and age and sex of the patient can provide areasonable estimate of the likelihood of IHD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a 64-year-old man with typical angina has a 94% chance ofhaving significant coronary stenosis?. ### Response: information about thetype of pain and age and sex of the patient can provide areasonable estimate of the likelihood of IHD.


Instruction: How many chances does a 32-year old woman with nonanginal chest pain have?

Output: 1%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many chances does a 32-year old woman with nonanginal chest pain have?. ### Response: 1%.


Instruction: What is hyperlipidemia defined as at the time of study?

Output: a total cholesterol level /H11022250mg/dL

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is hyperlipidemia defined as at the time of study?. ### Response: a total cholesterol level /H11022250mg/dL.


Instruction: What is diabetes mellitus defined at that time as afasting glucose level /H11022140 mg/dL?

Output: ECG, hyperlipidemia

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is diabetes mellitus defined at that time as afasting glucose level /H11022140 mg/dL?. ### Response: ECG, hyperlipidemia.


Instruction: How many Principal Presentations of UARest angina occurring at rest and usually prolonged /H1102220 min,occurring within 1 wk of presentationNew-onsetanginaAngina of at least CCS Class III severity with onsetwithin 2 mo of initial presentationIncreasinganginaPreviously diagnosed angina that is distinctly more frequent,longer in duration, or lower in threshold (ie, increased in duration or decreased in threshold)?

Output: Three

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many Principal Presentations of UARest angina occurring at rest and usually prolonged /H1102220 min,occurring within 1 wk of presentationNew-onsetanginaAngina of at least CCS Class III severity with onsetwithin 2 mo of initial presentationIncreasinganginaPreviously diagnosed angina that is distinctly more frequent,longer in duration, or lower in threshold (ie, increased in duration or decreased in threshold)?. ### Response: Three.


Instruction: What does CCS stand for?

Output: Canadian Cardiovascular Society

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does CCS stand for?. ### Response: Canadian Cardiovascular Society.


Instruction: What is the CCS class within 2 mo of initial presentation?

Output: CCS Class III severity

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the CCS class within 2 mo of initial presentation?. ### Response: CCS Class III severity.


Instruction: What is the name of the disorder that causes a person to have fixed delusions?

Output: Thought disorders

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the disorder that causes a person to have fixed delusions?. ### Response: Thought disorders.


Instruction: What is another name for a condition that causes depression?

Output: Affective disorders

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another name for a condition that causes depression?. ### Response: Affective disorders.


Instruction: Where did Gibbons publish his work?

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where did Gibbons publish his work?. ### Response: http://ahajournals.org.


Instruction: What was the risk of recurrent VTE during 3 months of anticoagulanttherapy?

Output: higher risk

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the risk of recurrent VTE during 3 months of anticoagulanttherapy?. ### Response: higher risk.


Instruction: Patients with subsegmental PE and no proximal DVT were not what?

Output: anticoagulated

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Patients with subsegmental PE and no proximal DVT were not what?. ### Response: anticoagulated.


Instruction: Who endorsed that patients with subsegmental PE should have bilateral US examinations to excludeproximal DVT of the legs?

Output: The AT10 panel

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who endorsed that patients with subsegmental PE should have bilateral US examinations to excludeproximal DVT of the legs?. ### Response: The AT10 panel.


Instruction: What should be excluded in other high-risk locations?

Output: DVT

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be excluded in other high-risk locations?. ### Response: DVT.


Instruction: Where are high-risk locations?

Output: upperextremities with central venous catheters

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where are high-risk locations?. ### Response: upperextremities with central venous catheters.


Instruction: What do patients require if DVT is detected?

Output: anticoagulation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do patients require if DVT is detected?. ### Response: anticoagulation.


Instruction: If DVT not detected, there is uncertainty whether patients should beanticoagulated.

Output: the legs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: If DVT not detected, there is uncertainty whether patients should beanticoagulated.. ### Response: the legs.


Instruction: What is a safemanagement strategy in patients with suspected PE who have nondiagnostic ventilation-perfusion scans?

Output: Serial testingfor proximal DVT

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a safemanagement strategy in patients with suspected PE who have nondiagnostic ventilation-perfusion scans?. ### Response: Serial testingfor proximal DVT.


Instruction: What type of PE is more likely to be correct?

Output: subsegmental

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of PE is more likely to be correct?. ### Response: subsegmental.


Instruction: What is a true positive of subsegmental PE?

Output: if: (1) the CTpulmonary angiogram is of high quality with goodopaci ﬁcation of the distal pulmonary arteries

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a true positive of subsegmental PE?. ### Response: if: (1) the CTpulmonary angiogram is of high quality with goodopaci ﬁcation of the distal pulmonary arteries.


Instruction: What are defects seen on more than one image?

Output: intraluminal

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are defects seen on more than one image?. ### Response: intraluminal.


Instruction: What is surrounded by contrast rather than beingadherent to thepulmonary artery walls?

Output: defects

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is surrounded by contrast rather than beingadherent to thepulmonary artery walls?. ### Response: defects.


Instruction: What is a risk factor for PE?

Output: high clinical pretest probability

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a risk factor for PE?. ### Response: high clinical pretest probability.


Instruction: What is elevated if the increase is marked and unexplainable?

Output: D-dimer level

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is elevated if the increase is marked and unexplainable?. ### Response: D-dimer level.


Instruction: What is a risk factor for recurrent or progressive VTE if patients are not anticoagulated?

Output: patients who: are hospitalized orhave reduced mobility for another reason; have activecancer (particularly if metastatic or being treated withchemotherapy); or have no reversible risk factor for VTEsuch as recent surgery

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a risk factor for recurrent or progressive VTE if patients are not anticoagulated?. ### Response: patients who: are hospitalized orhave reduced mobility for another reason; have activecancer (particularly if metastatic or being treated withchemotherapy); or have no reversible risk factor for VTEsuch as recent surgery.


Instruction: What are patients who are hospitalized or have reduced mobility for another reason considered to be risk factors for VTE?

Output: have activecancer

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are patients who are hospitalized or have reduced mobility for another reason considered to be risk factors for VTE?. ### Response: have activecancer.


Instruction: What is a risk factor for VTE?

Output: patients arenot anticoagulated

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a risk factor for VTE?. ### Response: patients arenot anticoagulated.


Instruction: What type of therapy does a lowcardiopulmonary reserve or marked symptoms thatcannot be attributed to another condition favor?

Output: anticoagulant therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of therapy does a lowcardiopulmonary reserve or marked symptoms thatcannot be attributed to another condition favor?. ### Response: anticoagulant therapy.


Instruction: A high risk of bleeding favors what kind of therapy?

Output: no anticoagulant therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: A high risk of bleeding favors what kind of therapy?. ### Response: no anticoagulant therapy.


Instruction: The decision toanticoagulate or not is also expected to be sensitive to what?

Output: topatient preferences

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: The decision toanticoagulate or not is also expected to be sensitive to what?. ### Response: topatient preferences.


Instruction: What is expected to be sensitive topatient preferences?

Output: The decision toanticoagulate or not

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is expected to be sensitive topatient preferences?. ### Response: The decision toanticoagulate or not.


Instruction: Patients who are not anticoagulatedshould be told to return for reevaluation if symptomspersist or worsen?

Output: there is the option of doing one or morefollow-up US examinations of the legs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Patients who are not anticoagulatedshould be told to return for reevaluation if symptomspersist or worsen?. ### Response: there is the option of doing one or morefollow-up US examinations of the legs.


Instruction: Why is the evidence supporting our recommendations lowquality?

Output: indirectness

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why is the evidence supporting our recommendations lowquality?. ### Response: indirectness.


Instruction: What is limited ability to predict which patients will have VTEcomplications without anticoagulation?

Output: high risk of bleeding

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is limited ability to predict which patients will have VTEcomplications without anticoagulation?. ### Response: high risk of bleeding.


Instruction: How many strokes were there in July 2021?

Output: 364–e467

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many strokes were there in July 2021?. ### Response: 364–e467.


Instruction: What is the DOI of the 2021 guideline for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke?

Output: 399

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the DOI of the 2021 guideline for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke?. ### Response: 399.


Instruction: What is a secondary prevention of stroke in symptomatic moyamoya disease?

Output: surgical treat-ment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a secondary prevention of stroke in symptomatic moyamoya disease?. ### Response: surgical treat-ment.


Instruction: What is the doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002218 400?

Output: The efficacy of surgical treat-ment for the secondary prevention of stroke in symptomatic moyamoya disease: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94:e2218

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002218 400?. ### Response: The efficacy of surgical treat-ment for the secondary prevention of stroke in symptomatic moyamoya disease: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94:e2218.


Instruction: Prehospital antiplatelet use and functional medicine: a meta-analysis?

Output: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009942 401

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Prehospital antiplatelet use and functional medicine: a meta-analysis?. ### Response: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009942 401.


Instruction: What is a J-ASPECT study?

Output: na-tionwide retrospective cohort study

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a J-ASPECT study?. ### Response: na-tionwide retrospective cohort study.


Instruction: What is the effect of aspirin in postoperative management of adult ischemic moyamoya?

Output: Outcomes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of aspirin in postoperative management of adult ischemic moyamoya?. ### Response: Outcomes.


Instruction: What is the effect of aspirin in postoperative management of adult ischemic moyamoya disease?

Output: Outcomes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of aspirin in postoperative management of adult ischemic moyamoya disease?. ### Response: Outcomes.


Instruction: What are the differences in clinical and radiographic characteristics among European Caucasians?

Output: Distinct

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the differences in clinical and radiographic characteristics among European Caucasians?. ### Response: Distinct.


Instruction: When did Eur J Neurol. 2015;22:1012-1017?

Output: 2015

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did Eur J Neurol. 2015;22:1012-1017?. ### Response: 2015.


Instruction: Who are Caucasians?

Output: European Caucasians

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who are Caucasians?. ### Response: European Caucasians.


Instruction: What is the name of the research committee on the pathology and treatment of spontaneous occlusion of the Circle of Willis?

Output: J-ASPECT Study Collaborators

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the research committee on the pathology and treatment of spontaneous occlusion of the Circle of Willis?. ### Response: J-ASPECT Study Collaborators.


Instruction: What is moyamoya?

Output: spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is moyamoya?. ### Response: spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis.


Instruction: What is occlusion of the circle of willis?

Output: Spontaneous

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is occlusion of the circle of willis?. ### Response: Spontaneous.


Instruction: Where is the Neurol Med Chir located?

Output: Tokyo

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where is the Neurol Med Chir located?. ### Response: Tokyo.


Instruction: What is the name of the trial that investigated the effects of extracranial-intracranial bypass for patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease?

Output: JAM Trial Investigators

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the trial that investigated the effects of extracranial-intracranial bypass for patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease?. ### Response: JAM Trial Investigators.


Instruction: How many patients were enrolled in the JAM Trial?

Output: 400

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many patients were enrolled in the JAM Trial?. ### Response: 400.


Instruction: What was the outcome of the Japan Adult Moyaya trial?

Output: Effects of extracra-nial-intracranial bypass

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the outcome of the Japan Adult Moyaya trial?. ### Response: Effects of extracra-nial-intracranial bypass.


Instruction: In what year was the Stroke.45 published?

Output: 2014

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In what year was the Stroke.45 published?. ### Response: 2014.


Instruction: What is the expert's option on an-tiplatelet therapy in moyamoya disease?

Output: extracra-nial-intracranial bypass

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the expert's option on an-tiplatelet therapy in moyamoya disease?. ### Response: extracra-nial-intracranial bypass.


Instruction: What is a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study?

Output: Infarct pattern and collateral status in adult moyamoya disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study?. ### Response: Infarct pattern and collateral status in adult moyamoya disease.


Instruction: What type of disease is moyamoya?

Output: hemorrhagic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of disease is moyamoya?. ### Response: hemorrhagic.


Instruction: What is the name of the study that studies the secondary prevention of small subcortical strokes?

Output: SPS3 Investigators

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the study that studies the secondary prevention of small subcortical strokes?. ### Response: SPS3 Investigators.


Instruction: What is the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) study called?

Output: SPS3 Investigators

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) study called?. ### Response: SPS3 Investigators.


Instruction: When was the Int J Stroke 6:164–175.

Output: 2011

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the Int J Stroke 6:164–175.. ### Response: 2011.


Instruction: What is one of the outcomes associated with clopidogrel-aspirin use?

Output: postoperative management

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is one of the outcomes associated with clopidogrel-aspirin use?. ### Response: postoperative management.


Instruction: What is the term for multigated acquisition scanning of the heart?

Output: radionuclide angiography

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the term for multigated acquisition scanning of the heart?. ### Response: radionuclide angiography.


Instruction: What is another term for transoesophageal echocardiography?

Output: MRI

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another term for transoesophageal echocardiography?. ### Response: MRI.


Instruction: What type of imaging is used if a poor image is produced by transthoracic echocardiography?

Output: alternative methods of imaging the heart (for example, radionuclide angiography [multigated acquisition scanning], cardiac  MRI  or transoesophageal echocardiography

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of imaging is used if a poor image is produced by transthoracic echocardiography?. ### Response: alternative methods of imaging the heart (for example, radionuclide angiography [multigated acquisition scanning], cardiac  MRI  or transoesophageal echocardiography.


Instruction: What test is used to evaluate possible aggravating factors?

Output: ECG

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What test is used to evaluate possible aggravating factors?. ### Response: ECG.


Instruction: What is HbA 1c?

Output: glycosylated haemoglobin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is HbA 1c?. ### Response: glycosylated haemoglobin.


Instruction: What is urinalysis?

Output: peak flow or spirometry

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is urinalysis?. ### Response: peak flow or spirometry.


Instruction: What should you exclude from a diagnosis of heart failure?

Output: other disorders that may present in a similar manner

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should you exclude from a diagnosis of heart failure?. ### Response: other disorders that may present in a similar manner.


Instruction: What should a heart failure diagnosis include?

Output: assess severity, aetiology, precipitating factors, type of cardiac dysfunction and correctable causes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should a heart failure diagnosis include?. ### Response: assess severity, aetiology, precipitating factors, type of cardiac dysfunction and correctable causes.


Instruction: When a cardiac failure diagnosis is made, what should you assess?

Output: severity

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When a cardiac failure diagnosis is made, what should you assess?. ### Response: severity.


Instruction: What is the name of the disease that causes heart failure?

Output: Chronic Heart Failure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the disease that causes heart failure?. ### Response: Chronic Heart Failure.


Instruction: What is another name for heart failure caused by valve disease?

Output: 5.4.2

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another name for heart failure caused by valve disease?. ### Response: 5.4.2.