Instruction: What did the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development find in patients who underwent mitral-valve replacement?

Output: receipt of a biological prosthesis was associ-ated with a mortality rate significantly

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development find in patients who underwent mitral-valve replacement?. ### Response: receipt of a biological prosthesis was associ-ated with a mortality rate significantly.


Instruction: What was associated with a mortality rate significantly higher than that seen with receipt of a mechanical prosthesis?

Output: receipt of a biological prosthesis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was associated with a mortality rate significantly higher than that seen with receipt of a mechanical prosthesis?. ### Response: receipt of a biological prosthesis.


Instruction: How old are patients who are good candidates for anticoagulation?

Output: <65 years of age

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How old are patients who are good candidates for anticoagulation?. ### Response: <65 years of age.


Instruction: What should be considered when choosing a mechanical mitral valve in patients 65 years of age?

Output: trade-offs between durability (and the need for reinterven-tion), bleeding, and thromboembolism

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be considered when choosing a mechanical mitral valve in patients 65 years of age?. ### Response: trade-offs between durability (and the need for reinterven-tion), bleeding, and thromboembolism.


Instruction: What do rates of structural valve deterioration decline with age?

Output: 10%.

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do rates of structural valve deterioration decline with age?. ### Response: 10%..


Instruction: What does the ratio of valve durability to life expectancy support in patients >65 years of age? What allows avoidance of the risks of long-term VKA anticoagulation in older patients?

Output: bio-prosthetic mitral valve replacement

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does the ratio of valve durability to life expectancy support in patients >65 years of age? What allows avoidance of the risks of long-term VKA anticoagulation in older patients?. ### Response: bio-prosthetic mitral valve replacement.


Instruction: What are the risks of long-term VKA anticoagulation in older patients?

Output: inconvenience

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the risks of long-term VKA anticoagulation in older patients?. ### Response: inconvenience.


Instruction: In 1 Figure 11. Prosthetic valves: choice of what type of valve type?

Output: biopros-thetic versus mechanical

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In 1 Figure 11. Prosthetic valves: choice of what type of valve type?. ### Response: biopros-thetic versus mechanical.


Instruction: What was the name of the chapter in which the Workgroup wrote ungraded recommendations?

Output: Chapter 8

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the name of the chapter in which the Workgroup wrote ungraded recommendations?. ### Response: Chapter 8.


Instruction: What did the WorkGroup not want to provide advice on?

Output: speciﬁc treatment questions

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the WorkGroup not want to provide advice on?. ### Response: speciﬁc treatment questions.


Instruction: What did the Work Group want to promote by highlighting gaps in knowledge?

Output: further research

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the Work Group want to promote by highlighting gaps in knowledge?. ### Response: further research.


Instruction: What did other international organizations write that could be relevant to the management?

Output: old guidelines

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did other international organizations write that could be relevant to the management?. ### Response: old guidelines.


Instruction: What did the Work Group seek to achieve as much as possible with their recommendations?

Output: consistency

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the Work Group seek to achieve as much as possible with their recommendations?. ### Response: consistency.


Instruction: How many reviews on themethodology of BP measurement have been published9,10?

Output: many

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many reviews on themethodology of BP measurement have been published9,10?. ### Response: many.


Instruction: What has been covered in detail in the 2004 KDOQIGuideline?

Output: Measurement of BPThe Work Group recognized that many reviews on themethodology of BP measurement

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has been covered in detail in the 2004 KDOQIGuideline?. ### Response: Measurement of BPThe Work Group recognized that many reviews on themethodology of BP measurement.


Instruction: What have previous publications highlighted inconsistencies between conventional office BP measures and other methods?

Output: clinic) BP measure-ments

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What have previous publications highlighted inconsistencies between conventional office BP measures and other methods?. ### Response: clinic) BP measure-ments.


Instruction: What is the acronym for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring?

Output: ABPM

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the acronym for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring?. ### Response: ABPM.


Instruction: What has been published regarding when and how to use ABPM in hypertensive patients not known to have CKD?

Output: Many recommendations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has been published regarding when and how to use ABPM in hypertensive patients not known to have CKD?. ### Response: Many recommendations.


Instruction: What does ABPM give a better indication of overall BP and kidneyprognosis?

Output: BP measurements

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does ABPM give a better indication of overall BP and kidneyprognosis?. ### Response: BP measurements.


Instruction: How many large RCTs of BP control in CKDpatients have been conducted?

Output: one

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many large RCTs of BP control in CKDpatients have been conducted?. ### Response: one.


Instruction: What was used as the method for BP assessment in CKDpatients?

Output: ABPM

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was used as the method for BP assessment in CKDpatients?. ### Response: ABPM.


Instruction: What is reviewed in Chapter 8 regarding the use of ABPM to evaluate BP?

Output: existingevidence

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is reviewed in Chapter 8 regarding the use of ABPM to evaluate BP?. ### Response: existingevidence.


Instruction: What is used in almost all RCTs that modify BP in CKD?

Output: BP measurements

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is used in almost all RCTs that modify BP in CKD?. ### Response: BP measurements.


Instruction: What can only make recommendations about BP assessed by this method?

Output: Guideline

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can only make recommendations about BP assessed by this method?. ### Response: Guideline.


Instruction: Why are office readings known to vary from dayto day?

Output: Because ofﬁce

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why are office readings known to vary from dayto day?. ### Response: Because ofﬁce.


Instruction: What term is used to imply that the BP has beenmeasured more than once and that there was meaningful agreement between measurements?

Output: consistently

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What term is used to imply that the BP has beenmeasured more than once and that there was meaningful agreement between measurements?. ### Response: consistently.


Instruction: What measures of arterial compliance may provide important prognostic informa-tion in CKD patients?

Output: pulsepressure and/or pulse wave velocity

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What measures of arterial compliance may provide important prognostic informa-tion in CKD patients?. ### Response: pulsepressure and/or pulse wave velocity.


Instruction: What did the Work Group discuss?

Output: whether to consider pulsepressure and/or pulse wave velocity

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the Work Group discuss?. ### Response: whether to consider pulsepressure and/or pulse wave velocity.


Instruction: What does Kidney International Supplements (2012) 2, 343–346chapter 1 contain?

Output: RCTs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does Kidney International Supplements (2012) 2, 343–346chapter 1 contain?. ### Response: RCTs.


Instruction: What is CHEST / 141/ 2/ FEBRUARY, 2012 SUPPLEMENT e535Sfrequent blood testing and clinic visits?

Output: chestpubs.org

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is CHEST / 141/ 2/ FEBRUARY, 2012 SUPPLEMENT e535Sfrequent blood testing and clinic visits?. ### Response: chestpubs.org.


Instruction: What did we consider the effect of different treatment options on?

Output: nonfatal myocardial infarction

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did we consider the effect of different treatment options on?. ### Response: nonfatal myocardial infarction.


Instruction: What is MI?

Output: nonfatal myocardial infarction

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is MI?. ### Response: nonfatal myocardial infarction.


Instruction: What did we try to account for in developing our treatment recommendations?

Output: patient values and preferences

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did we try to account for in developing our treatment recommendations?. ### Response: patient values and preferences.


Instruction: How did we assess values and preferences?

Output: used ratings of key health states from participating guideline panelists informed by our systematic review of the relevant literature

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How did we assess values and preferences?. ### Response: used ratings of key health states from participating guideline panelists informed by our systematic review of the relevant literature.


Instruction: What do values for health states and preferences for treatments vary appreciably among individuals?

Output: antithrombotic therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do values for health states and preferences for treatments vary appreciably among individuals?. ### Response: antithrombotic therapy.


Instruction: What limitations does the avail-able literature have?

Output: The studies eliciting prefer-ences were small and used different methods and tools

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What limitations does the avail-able literature have?. ### Response: The studies eliciting prefer-ences were small and used different methods and tools.


Instruction: The studies eliciting preferences were small and used what?

Output: different methods and tools

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: The studies eliciting preferences were small and used what?. ### Response: different methods and tools.


Instruction: What were the limitations of the studies eliciting prefer-ences?

Output: small and used different methods and tools

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What were the limitations of the studies eliciting prefer-ences?. ### Response: small and used different methods and tools.


Instruction: What did most studies include a sizeable proportion of participants who had previ-ously taken or were currently taking?

Output: VKAs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did most studies include a sizeable proportion of participants who had previ-ously taken or were currently taking?. ### Response: VKAs.


Instruction: What did we need to determine to make our recommendations?

Output: an esti-mate of average patient values

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did we need to determine to make our recommendations?. ### Response: an esti-mate of average patient values.


Instruction: What did the trade-offs between benefi t and harm favor?

Output: one course of treatment over another

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the trade-offs between benefi t and harm favor?. ### Response: one course of treatment over another.


Instruction: What would favor one course of treatment over another?

Output: trade-offs between beneﬁ  t and harm

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What would favor one course of treatment over another?. ### Response: trade-offs between beneﬁ  t and harm.


Instruction: What did Guyatt et al 10 describe in this guideline?

Output: estimates of average patient values

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did Guyatt et al 10 describe in this guideline?. ### Response: estimates of average patient values.


Instruction: To obtain our estimates of average patient values, we have used what?

Output: ratings of key health states from participating guideline panelists

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: To obtain our estimates of average patient values, we have used what?. ### Response: ratings of key health states from participating guideline panelists.


Instruction: How many times more aversive would a stroke be than a nonfatal major extra-cranial bleed?

Output: three times

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many times more aversive would a stroke be than a nonfatal major extra-cranial bleed?. ### Response: three times.


Instruction: What did the results of the panelist value rating exercise suggest?

Output: values for health states and preferences for treatments vary appreciably among individuals

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the results of the panelist value rating exercise suggest?. ### Response: values for health states and preferences for treatments vary appreciably among individuals.


Instruction: What is a nonfatal major extra-cranial bleed?

Output: GI bleed

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a nonfatal major extra-cranial bleed?. ### Response: GI bleed.


Instruction: What is the choice of antithrombotic treatment over another for long-term stroke?

Output: one

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the choice of antithrombotic treatment over another for long-term stroke?. ### Response: one.


Instruction: What is not expected to result in a difference in all-cause mortality?

Output: the choice of one antithrombotic treatment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is not expected to result in a difference in all-cause mortality?. ### Response: the choice of one antithrombotic treatment.


Instruction: How many patients are treated for 1 year?

Output: 1,000

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many patients are treated for 1 year?. ### Response: 1,000.


Instruction: How many patients were treated for 1 year?

Output: 1,000

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many patients were treated for 1 year?. ### Response: 1,000.


Instruction: If the number of nonfatal strokes prevented is less than one-third of the number, what is the intervention recommended against?

Output: antithrom-botic therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: If the number of nonfatal strokes prevented is less than one-third of the number, what is the intervention recommended against?. ### Response: antithrom-botic therapy.


Instruction: How much of the number of nonfatal major extracranial bleeding events result from a given antithrombotic therapy is prevented?

Output: more than one-third

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How much of the number of nonfatal major extracranial bleeding events result from a given antithrombotic therapy is prevented?. ### Response: more than one-third.


Instruction: What does making trade-offs require not only estimates regarding?

Output: nonfatal major extra-cranial bleed (typically a GI bleed) and a typical nonfatal MI as aversive as a nonfatal major extracranial bleed

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does making trade-offs require not only estimates regarding?. ### Response: nonfatal major extra-cranial bleed (typically a GI bleed) and a typical nonfatal MI as aversive as a nonfatal major extracranial bleed.


Instruction: What is less helpful than the 2014 AHA/ACC NSTE-ACS Guideline e357?

Output: suggesting prior MI, they indi-cate a high likelihood of significant CAD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is less helpful than the 2014 AHA/ACC NSTE-ACS Guideline e357?. ### Response: suggesting prior MI, they indi-cate a high likelihood of significant CAD.


Instruction: By suggesting prior MI, they indicate a high likelihood of what?

Output: significant CAD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: By suggesting prior MI, they indicate a high likelihood of what?. ### Response: significant CAD.


Instruction: Isolated Q waves in lead 3 are a normal finding in what patient?

Output: patient with chest pain

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Isolated Q waves in lead 3 are a normal finding in what patient?. ### Response: patient with chest pain.


Instruction: What percentage of patients with chest pain will have MI?

Output: 1% to 6%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What percentage of patients with chest pain will have MI?. ### Response: 1% to 6%.


Instruction: What is contraindicated for patients with ACS without ST-elevation?

Output: Fibrinolytic therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is contraindicated for patients with ACS without ST-elevation?. ### Response: Fibrinolytic therapy.


Instruction: Fibrinolytic therapy is not recommended for patients without what?

Output: ST-elevation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Fibrinolytic therapy is not recommended for patients without what?. ### Response: ST-elevation.


Instruction: What is true posterior MI?

Output: ST-elevation in posterior chest leads

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is true posterior MI?. ### Response: ST-elevation in posterior chest leads.


Instruction: What can be evaluated when electrocardiographic changes are modest or not present?

Output: acute myocardial infarction

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can be evaluated when electrocardiographic changes are modest or not present?. ### Response: acute myocardial infarction.


Instruction: A transthoracic echocardiogram to evaluate for posterior wall motion abnormalities may be helpful in what situation?

Output: acute myocardial infarction

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: A transthoracic echocardiogram to evaluate for posterior wall motion abnormalities may be helpful in what situation?. ### Response: acute myocardial infarction.


Instruction: What may be helpful in this setting?

Output: a transthoracic echocardiogram to evaluate for posterior wall motion abnormalities

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may be helpful in this setting?. ### Response: a transthoracic echocardiogram to evaluate for posterior wall motion abnormalities.


Instruction: What are other causes of ST-T changes?

Output: LV aneurysm, pericarditis, myocarditis, bundle-branch block, LV hyper

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are other causes of ST-T changes?. ### Response: LV aneurysm, pericarditis, myocarditis, bundle-branch block, LV hyper.


Instruction: Prinzmetal angina and apical LV ballooning syndrome are examples of what?

Output: Alternative causes of ST-T changes

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Prinzmetal angina and apical LV ballooning syndrome are examples of what?. ### Response: Alternative causes of ST-T changes.


Instruction: What can cause deep T-wave inversion?

Output: Central nervous system events

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can cause deep T-wave inversion?. ### Response: Central nervous system events.


Instruction: What is helpful in assessing the hemodynamic impact of an ischemic event?

Output: physical examination

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is helpful in assessing the hemodynamic impact of an ischemic event?. ### Response: physical examination.


Instruction: Patients with suspected ACS should have what measured?

Output: vital signs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Patients with suspected ACS should have what measured?. ### Response: vital signs.


Instruction: What should be measured in both arms if dissection is sus-pected?

Output: vital signs

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be measured in both arms if dissection is sus-pected?. ### Response: vital signs.


Instruction: Patients with evidence of LV dysfunction on examination have a higher likelihood of what?

Output: severe underlying CAD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Patients with evidence of LV dysfunction on examination have a higher likelihood of what?. ### Response: severe underlying CAD.


Instruction: What percentage of cardiogenic shock did NSTEMI account for in the SHOCK study?

Output: 20%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What percentage of cardiogenic shock did NSTEMI account for in the SHOCK study?. ### Response: 20%.


Instruction: Other studies have reported lower percentages of what?

Output: 150

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Other studies have reported lower percentages of what?. ### Response: 150.


Instruction: What may help identify comorbid conditions?

Output: The physical examina-tion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may help identify comorbid conditions?. ### Response: The physical examina-tion.


Instruction: What may help identify comorbid conditions that could impact therapeutic risk and decision making?

Output: The physical examina-tion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may help identify comorbid conditions that could impact therapeutic risk and decision making?. ### Response: The physical examina-tion.


Instruction: See Online Data Supplement 2 for additional information on what?

Output: risk stratification

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: See Online Data Supplement 2 for additional information on what?. ### Response: risk stratification.


Instruction: Cardiac Biomarkers and the Universal Definition of MI: Recommendations

Output: 3.4

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Cardiac Biomarkers and the Universal Definition of MI: Recommendations. ### Response: 3.4.


Instruction: What should be measured at presentation and 3 to 3 at the end of the assay?

Output: Cardiac-specific troponin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be measured at presentation and 3 to 3 at the end of the assay?. ### Response: Cardiac-specific troponin.


Instruction: What is another name for troponin when a contemporary assay is used?

Output: troponin I or T

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is another name for troponin when a contemporary assay is used?. ### Response: troponin I or T.


Instruction: What should be measured at presentation and 3 to 6 hours after symptom onset in all patients who present with symptoms consistent with ACS to identify a rising and/or falling pattern?

Output: Cardiac-specific troponin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be measured at presentation and 3 to 6 hours after symptom onset in all patients who present with symptoms consistent with ACS to identify a rising and/or falling pattern?. ### Response: Cardiac-specific troponin.


Instruction: How long after symptom onset can a diagnosis be obtained in normal patients?

Output: 6 hours

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long after symptom onset can a diagnosis be obtained in normal patients?. ### Response: 6 hours.


Instruction: In patients with normal blood pressure, how long after the onset of a symptom is the diagnosis obtained?

Output: 6 hours

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In patients with normal blood pressure, how long after the onset of a symptom is the diagnosis obtained?. ### Response: 6 hours.


Instruction: How many cardiac surgery registries were developed by the STS?

Output: 306,725,727

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many cardiac surgery registries were developed by the STS?. ### Response: 306,725,727.


Instruction: How many North-ern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Groups were developed?

Output: 739,740

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many North-ern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Groups were developed?. ### Response: 739,740.


Instruction: What has been the basis for several performance assessment and improvement strategies?

Output: cardiac surgery registries

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has been the basis for several performance assessment and improvement strategies?. ### Response: cardiac surgery registries.


Instruction: How many public report cards are there?

Output: 742–744

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many public report cards are there?. ### Response: 742–744.


Instruction: How many confidential feed-back are there to participants showing their performance relative to national benchmarks?

Output: 742–744

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many confidential feed-back are there to participants showing their performance relative to national benchmarks?. ### Response: 742–744.


Instruction: Where can you find the 2011 ACCF/AHA CABG Guideline e685?

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where can you find the 2011 ACCF/AHA CABG Guideline e685?. ### Response: http://ahajournals.org.


Instruction: What should be monitored withcareful measurement of fluid intake and output, vital signs, and body weight determined at the same time each day?

Output: The effect of HF treatment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be monitored withcareful measurement of fluid intake and output, vital signs, and body weight determined at the same time each day?. ### Response: The effect of HF treatment.


Instruction: Daily serum electrolytes, urea nitrogen, andcreatinine concentrations should be measured during the use of what?

Output: intravenous diuretics

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Daily serum electrolytes, urea nitrogen, andcreatinine concentrations should be measured during the use of what?. ### Response: intravenous diuretics.


Instruction: What should be measured during the use of intravenous diuretics or active titration of HF medi-cations?

Output: Daily serum electrolytes, urea nitrogen, andcreatinine concentrations

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be measured during the use of intravenous diuretics or active titration of HF medi-cations?. ### Response: Daily serum electrolytes, urea nitrogen, andcreatinine concentrations.


Instruction: When diuresis is inadequate to relieve symptoms, what isreasonable to intensify the diuretic regimen using?

Output: higher doses of intravenous loop diuretics

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When diuresis is inadequate to relieve symptoms, what isreasonable to intensify the diuretic regimen using?. ### Response: higher doses of intravenous loop diuretics.


Instruction: What may be considered in addition to loop diuretic therapy to improve diuresis and betterpreserve renal function and renal blood flow?

Output: Low-dose dopamine infusion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may be considered in addition to loop diuretic therapy to improve diuresis and betterpreserve renal function and renal blood flow?. ### Response: Low-dose dopamine infusion.


Instruction: What may be considered for patients with obviousvolume overload to alleviate congestive symptoms and fluidweight?

Output: Ultra ﬁltration

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may be considered for patients with obviousvolume overload to alleviate congestive symptoms and fluidweight?. ### Response: Ultra ﬁltration.


Instruction: What may be considered anadjuvant to diuretic therapy for relief of dyspnea in patients with acute decompensated HF?

Output: Low-dose dopamine infusion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may be considered anadjuvant to diuretic therapy for relief of dyspnea in patients with acute decompensated HF?. ### Response: Low-dose dopamine infusion.


Instruction: What is the level of evidence for Parenteral Therapy in Hospitalized HFCLASS IIb1?

Output: B

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the level of evidence for Parenteral Therapy in Hospitalized HFCLASS IIb1?. ### Response: B.


Instruction: What should a patient with decompensated HF receive if the risk Lbene fit ratio is favorable?

Output: venous thromboembolism prophylaxis withan anticoagulant medication

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should a patient with decompensated HF receive if the risk Lbene fit ratio is favorable?. ### Response: venous thromboembolism prophylaxis withan anticoagulant medication.


Instruction: What is the level of evidence for Arginine Vasopressin?

Output: B

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the level of evidence for Arginine Vasopressin?. ### Response: B.


Instruction: What may be considered in the short term to improve serum sodium concentration in hypervolemic, hypona-tremic states with a V2receptor selective or a nonselective vasopressin antagonist?

Output: vasopressinantagonists

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may be considered in the short term to improve serum sodium concentration in hypervolemic, hypona-tremic states with a V2receptor selective or a nonselective vasopressin antagonist?. ### Response: vasopressinantagonists.


Instruction: What is recommended in thehospital and early postdischarge outpatient setting to identify appropriate HF patients?

Output: The use of performance improvement systems and/orevidence-based systems of care

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is recommended in thehospital and early postdischarge outpatient setting to identify appropriate HF patients?. ### Response: The use of performance improvement systems and/orevidence-based systems of care.


Instruction: How many HF patients were identified for GDMT?

Output: 320 –323

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many HF patients were identified for GDMT?. ### Response: 320 –323.


Instruction: What is the level of evidence?

Output: B

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the level of evidence?. ### Response: B.


Instruction: Throughout the hospitalization as appropriate, beforehospital discharge, at the first postdischarge visit and in Table 23?

Output: 2.Throughout the hospitalization as appropriate, beforehospital discharge, at the ﬁ

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Throughout the hospitalization as appropriate, beforehospital discharge, at the first postdischarge visit and in Table 23?. ### Response: 2.Throughout the hospitalization as appropriate, beforehospital discharge, at the ﬁ.


Instruction: What can sometimes be at odds with treatment recommendations?

Output: achieving these goals

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can sometimes be at odds with treatment recommendations?. ### Response: achieving these goals.


Instruction: What can a patient be encouraged to take even though it causes mild or moderate adverse side effects?

Output: a medication

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can a patient be encouraged to take even though it causes mild or moderate adverse side effects?. ### Response: a medication.


Instruction: What is an example of a treatment approach where a patient expresses a preference for PCI?

Output: GDMT

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is an example of a treatment approach where a patient expresses a preference for PCI?. ### Response: GDMT.


Instruction: What should practitioners engage patients in to tailor therapy?

Output: a detailed discussion about their individual goalsand values

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should practitioners engage patients in to tailor therapy?. ### Response: a detailed discussion about their individual goalsand values.


Instruction: What is particularly important when therapeutic goals or the patient's preferences are not aligned?

Output: engagepatients in a detailed discussion about their individual goalsand values in order to tailor therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is particularly important when therapeutic goals or the patient's preferences are not aligned?. ### Response: engagepatients in a detailed discussion about their individual goalsand values in order to tailor therapy.


Instruction: What is essential that these discussions be conducted in a location and atmosphere that allows adequate time for discussion and contemplation?

Output: sediscussions

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is essential that these discussions be conducted in a location and atmosphere that allows adequate time for discussion and contemplation?. ### Response: sediscussions.


Instruction: What should be pursued as intensively as is sensible for all patients with SIHD?

Output: Reducing the risk of mortality

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be pursued as intensively as is sensible for all patients with SIHD?. ### Response: Reducing the risk of mortality.


Instruction: How much of the dramatic decline incardiovascular mortality has been estimated?

Output: nearly half

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How much of the dramatic decline incardiovascular mortality has been estimated?. ### Response: nearly half.


Instruction: How much of the dramatic decline incardiovascular mortality is attributed to interventions directed at modifying risk fac-tors?

Output: nearly half

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How much of the dramatic decline incardiovascular mortality is attributed to interventions directed at modifying risk fac-tors?. ### Response: nearly half.


Instruction: How much change can be credited to treatments?

Output: 47%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How much change can be credited to treatments?. ### Response: 47%.


Instruction: What are some of the treatments for UA and heart failure?

Output: guideline-based treatments

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some of the treatments for UA and heart failure?. ### Response: guideline-based treatments.


Instruction: Treatments for UA and heart failure and revasculariza-tion for chronic angina are what?

Output: other guideline-based treatments

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Treatments for UA and heart failure and revasculariza-tion for chronic angina are what?. ### Response: other guideline-based treatments.


Instruction: An additional 44% reduction inage-adjusted death is attributed to population-based changes in what risk factors?

Output: risk factors.391

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: An additional 44% reduction inage-adjusted death is attributed to population-based changes in what risk factors?. ### Response: risk factors.391.


Instruction: Increases in BMI and type 2 diabetesmellitus result in what increase in deaths?

Output: 391

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Increases in BMI and type 2 diabetesmellitus result in what increase in deaths?. ### Response: 391.


Instruction: What is the 2011 secondary prevention and risk reduction therapystatement8summarizing?

Output: the key interventions known to im-prove survival and prevent subsequent cardiac events

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the 2011 secondary prevention and risk reduction therapystatement8summarizing?. ### Response: the key interventions known to im-prove survival and prevent subsequent cardiac events.


Instruction: What percentage of the risk of MI isattributable to 9 measureable risk factors?

Output: 90%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What percentage of the risk of MI isattributable to 9 measureable risk factors?. ### Response: 90%.


Instruction: What are some of the factors that contribute to smoking?

Output: 392

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some of the factors that contribute to smoking?. ### Response: 392.


Instruction: What is the initial approach to all patients?

Output: eliminating unhealthy behaviors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the initial approach to all patients?. ### Response: eliminating unhealthy behaviors.


Instruction: How should all patients be treated?

Output: eliminating unhealthy behaviors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How should all patients be treated?. ### Response: eliminating unhealthy behaviors.


Instruction: What is the mechanism by which these interventions work?

Output: stabilization of the coronary plaque

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the mechanism by which these interventions work?. ### Response: stabilization of the coronary plaque.


Instruction: What are antiplatelet agents?

Output: 393st-atins,394 – 401 and beta blockers

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are antiplatelet agents?. ### Response: 393st-atins,394 – 401 and beta blockers.


Instruction: What are antiplatelet agents used to prevent?

Output: rupture andthrombosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are antiplatelet agents used to prevent?. ### Response: rupture andthrombosis.


Instruction: What are ACE inhibitors used for?

Output: to control hypertension

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are ACE inhibitors used for?. ### Response: to control hypertension.


Instruction: What is the name of the Swedish multicenter study?

Output: Stroke

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the Swedish multicenter study?. ### Response: Stroke.


Instruction: What is a factor IX com-plex used for in warfarin-related intracranial hemorrhage?

Output: anticoagulant therapy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a factor IX com-plex used for in warfarin-related intracranial hemorrhage?. ### Response: anticoagulant therapy.


Instruction: How many factors does a 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate contain?

Output: 87

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many factors does a 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate contain?. ### Response: 87.


Instruction: What is the name of the randomized, plasma-controlled, phase IIIb study?

Output: safety of a 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in patients on vitamin K antagonists presenting with major bleeding

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the randomized, plasma-controlled, phase IIIb study?. ### Response: safety of a 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in patients on vitamin K antagonists presenting with major bleeding.


Instruction: What is the current status of intraacerebral hemorrhage associated with oral anticoagulant therapy?

Output: current practices and unresolved questions

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the current status of intraacerebral hemorrhage associated with oral anticoagulant therapy?. ### Response: current practices and unresolved questions.


Instruction: What is recombinant acti-vated factor VII used for?

Output: reverse warfarin-induced anticoagulation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is recombinant acti-vated factor VII used for?. ### Response: reverse warfarin-induced anticoagulation.


Instruction: What is reverse warfarin-induced anticoagulation in patients with hemorrhages in the central nervous system?

Output: Recombinant factor VIIa

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is reverse warfarin-induced anticoagulation in patients with hemorrhages in the central nervous system?. ### Response: Recombinant factor VIIa.


Instruction: What is the doi: 10.3171/jns.2003.98.4.0737?

Output: J Neurosurg. 2003;98:737–740

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the doi: 10.3171/jns.2003.98.4.0737?. ### Response: J Neurosurg. 2003;98:737–740.


Instruction: Recombinant coagulation factor VIIa for rapid preoperative correction of what?

Output: warfarin-related coagulopathy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Recombinant coagulation factor VIIa for rapid preoperative correction of what?. ### Response: warfarin-related coagulopathy.


Instruction: What is acute subdural hematoma?

Output: in-related coagulopathy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is acute subdural hematoma?. ### Response: in-related coagulopathy.


Instruction: What is reversal of the International Normalized Ratio with recombinant activated fac-tor VII in central nervous system bleeding during warfarin thromboprophylaxis?

Output: Recombinant factor VIIa

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is reversal of the International Normalized Ratio with recombinant activated fac-tor VII in central nervous system bleeding during warfarin thromboprophylaxis?. ### Response: Recombinant factor VIIa.


Instruction: What is the name of the recombinant factor for rapid reversal of warfarin anticoagulation in acute intracranial hemorrhage?

Output: VIIa

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the recombinant factor for rapid reversal of warfarin anticoagulation in acute intracranial hemorrhage?. ### Response: VIIa.


Instruction: When did Mayo Clin Proc. 2004:79:1495–1500?

Output: 79.12.1495

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did Mayo Clin Proc. 2004:79:1495–1500?. ### Response: 79.12.1495.


Instruction: What was the title of Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis in 2003?

Output: 14:469–477

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the title of Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis in 2003?. ### Response: 14:469–477.


Instruction: What is recombinant fac-tor VIIa for?

Output: rapid reversal of warfarin anticoagulation in acute intracranial hemorrhage

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is recombinant fac-tor VIIa for?. ### Response: rapid reversal of warfarin anticoagulation in acute intracranial hemorrhage.


Instruction: What is the name of the drug used for warfarin-associated intracranial bleeding?

Output: factor IX com-plex

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the drug used for warfarin-associated intracranial bleeding?. ### Response: factor IX com-plex.


Instruction: When was the J Clin Anesth 20:276–279.

Output: 2008

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the J Clin Anesth 20:276–279.. ### Response: 2008.


Instruction: What is the effect of recombinant activated factor VII on vitamin K antagonist induced anticoagulation?

Output: reverse

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of recombinant activated factor VII on vitamin K antagonist induced anticoagulation?. ### Response: reverse.


Instruction: What is rFVIIa?

Output: recombinant factor VIIa

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is rFVIIa?. ### Response: recombinant factor VIIa.


Instruction: When was the ASH evidence-based review conducted?

Output: 2008

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the ASH evidence-based review conducted?. ### Response: 2008.


Instruction: What year was the ASH evidence-based review conducted?

Output: 2008

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What year was the ASH evidence-based review conducted?. ### Response: 2008.


Instruction: What is the name of the 2008 review?

Output: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the 2008 review?. ### Response: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program.


Instruction: How does factor eight inhibi-tor bypassing work?

Output: Reversing dabigatran in life-threat-ening bleeding occurring during cardiac ablation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How does factor eight inhibi-tor bypassing work?. ### Response: Reversing dabigatran in life-threat-ening bleeding occurring during cardiac ablation.


Instruction: What drug reverses rivaroxaban and dabigatran by prothrombin?

Output: acti-vated factor VII

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What drug reverses rivaroxaban and dabigatran by prothrombin?. ### Response: acti-vated factor VII.


Instruction: What type of endocarditis does not show at surgery or autopsy?

Output: infective

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of endocarditis does not show at surgery or autopsy?. ### Response: infective.


Instruction: What is the name of the modified Duke Criteria for IE?

Output: Major and Minor Criteria

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the modified Duke Criteria for IE?. ### Response: Major and Minor Criteria.


Instruction: How long does antibiotic therapy last?

Output: <4 d

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long does antibiotic therapy last?. ### Response: <4 d.


Instruction: What are the Major and Minor Criteria in the Modified Duke Criteria for the Diagnosis of IEMajor criteria Blood culture positive for IE Typical microorganisms consistent with IE from 2 separate blood cultures?

Output: Viridans streptococci, Streptococcus bovis, HACEK group (Haemophilus spp, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella spp, and Kingella kingae), S. aureus; or community-acquired enterococci, in the absence of a primary focus; or   Microorganisms consistent with IE from persistently positive blood culture results

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the Major and Minor Criteria in the Modified Duke Criteria for the Diagnosis of IEMajor criteria Blood culture positive for IE Typical microorganisms consistent with IE from 2 separate blood cultures?. ### Response: Viridans streptococci, Streptococcus bovis, HACEK group (Haemophilus spp, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella spp, and Kingella kingae), S. aureus; or community-acquired enterococci, in the absence of a primary focus; or   Microorganisms consistent with IE from persistently positive blood culture results.


Instruction: What is a group of microorganisms consistent with IE from persistently positive blood culture results defined as?

Output: Coxiella burnetii

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a group of microorganisms consistent with IE from persistently positive blood culture results defined as?. ### Response: Coxiella burnetii.


Instruction: What is the absence of a primary focus for community-acquired enterococci?

Output: Microorganisms consistent with IE from persistently positive blood culture results

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the absence of a primary focus for community-acquired enterococci?. ### Response: Microorganisms consistent with IE from persistently positive blood culture results.


Instruction: How many positive culture results of blood samples were drawn 12 h apart?

Output: 2

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many positive culture results of blood samples were drawn 12 h apart?. ### Response: 2.


Instruction: How many separate culture samples of blood were drawn?

Output: ≥4

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many separate culture samples of blood were drawn?. ### Response: ≥4.


Instruction: What is the titer of the antiphase I IgG antibody?

Output: >1:800

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the titer of the antiphase I IgG antibody?. ### Response: >1:800.


Instruction: What is evidence of endocardial involvement?

Output: Echocardiogram positive for IE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is evidence of endocardial involvement?. ### Response: Echocardiogram positive for IE.


Instruction: What type of regurgitation occurs when a prosthetic valve is partially dehiscenced?

Output: New valvular

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of regurgitation occurs when a prosthetic valve is partially dehiscenced?. ### Response: New valvular.


Instruction: What is the term for a heart condition that is worsening or changing preexisting murmur not sufficient?

Output: valvular regurgitation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the term for a heart condition that is worsening or changing preexisting murmur not sufficient?. ### Response: valvular regurgitation.


Instruction: What is the minimum temperature for a heart condition?

Output: >38°

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the minimum temperature for a heart condition?. ### Response: >38°.


Instruction: What is a major arterial emboli?

Output: Vascular phenomena

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a major arterial emboli?. ### Response: Vascular phenomena.


Instruction: Vascular phenomena, mycotic aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, and Janeway lesions are examples of what?

Output: Immunological phenomena

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Vascular phenomena, mycotic aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, and Janeway lesions are examples of what?. ### Response: Immunological phenomena.


Instruction: What does IE indicate infective endocarditis?

Output: IgG, immunoglobulin G; and spp, species

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does IE indicate infective endocarditis?. ### Response: IgG, immunoglobulin G; and spp, species.


Instruction: What is IE?

Output: infective endocarditis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is IE?. ### Response: infective endocarditis.


Instruction: What indicates infective endocarditis?

Output: IE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What indicates infective endocarditis?. ### Response: IE.


Instruction: IgG, immunoglobulin G, and spp are what?

Output: species

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: IgG, immunoglobulin G, and spp are what?. ### Response: species.


Instruction: What may exceed the likely benefits of statins?

Output: risks of adverse effects, drug–drug interactions, and cost

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may exceed the likely benefits of statins?. ### Response: risks of adverse effects, drug–drug interactions, and cost.


Instruction: What may undercut the minimum time for likely statin benefits?

Output: Limited life spans

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may undercut the minimum time for likely statin benefits?. ### Response: Limited life spans.


Instruction: What are reasonable in older adults when aggregate risks outweigh potential for meaningful benefit?

Output: Decisions to not initiate statins

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are reasonable in older adults when aggregate risks outweigh potential for meaningful benefit?. ### Response: Decisions to not initiate statins.


Instruction: A shared decision-making process between clinicians and patients that targets individualized decisions is warranted?

Output: S4.4.4.1-9,S4.4.4.1-16–S4.4.4.1-18 A shared decision-making process between clinicians and patients that targets individualized decisions is warranted, with regular reas-sessments over time

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: A shared decision-making process between clinicians and patients that targets individualized decisions is warranted?. ### Response: S4.4.4.1-9,S4.4.4.1-16–S4.4.4.1-18 A shared decision-making process between clinicians and patients that targets individualized decisions is warranted, with regular reas-sessments over time.


Instruction: What focuses statin therapy on those who benefit most?

Output: CAC determination

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What focuses statin therapy on those who benefit most?. ### Response: CAC determination.


Instruction: What does statin therapy not outweigh the risks for older adults?

Output: the likelihood of benefits

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does statin therapy not outweigh the risks for older adults?. ### Response: the likelihood of benefits.


Instruction: How many men and women were enrolled in an RCT that showed no benefit from pravas-tatin?

Output: 5 084

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many men and women were enrolled in an RCT that showed no benefit from pravas-tatin?. ### Response: 5 084.


Instruction: Who showed no benefit from pravas-tatin 40 mg/d versus placebo in the primary-prevention subgroup?

Output: 70 to 82 years of age

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who showed no benefit from pravas-tatin 40 mg/d versus placebo in the primary-prevention subgroup?. ### Response: 70 to 82 years of age.


Instruction: Another RCT using pravastatin 40 mg per day versus usual care in older adults showed no statin benefit?

Output: S4.4.4.1-12

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Another RCT using pravastatin 40 mg per day versus usual care in older adults showed no statin benefit?. ### Response: S4.4.4.1-12.


Instruction: How much RRR did a recent meta-analysis combine data from JUPITER and HOPE-3 in those 70 years of age?

Output: 26%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How much RRR did a recent meta-analysis combine data from JUPITER and HOPE-3 in those 70 years of age?. ### Response: 26%.


Instruction: What was a statistically significant 26% RRR for nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke or cardiovascular death?

Output: ITER and HOPE-3 in those ≥70 years of age

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was a statistically significant 26% RRR for nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke or cardiovascular death?. ### Response: ITER and HOPE-3 in those ≥70 years of age.


Instruction: What did the prospective cohort studyS4.4.4.1-5 compare healthy older patients who used statins with those who did not show signifi-cant lower risk of death but nonsignificant car -diovascular event reduction in the statin group?

Output: healthy older patients (age ≥70 years

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the prospective cohort studyS4.4.4.1-5 compare healthy older patients who used statins with those who did not show signifi-cant lower risk of death but nonsignificant car -diovascular event reduction in the statin group?. ### Response: healthy older patients (age ≥70 years.


Instruction: What did other recent meta-analyses support?

Output: primary prevention for adults in their 70s

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did other recent meta-analyses support?. ### Response: primary prevention for adults in their 70s.


Instruction: What age group do recent meta-analyses support primary prevention for?

Output: adults in their 70s

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What age group do recent meta-analyses support primary prevention for?. ### Response: adults in their 70s.


Instruction: What is particularly important with inconsistent support and few data for adults >80 years of age?

Output: clinician–patient discussion of risk versus benefit

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is particularly important with inconsistent support and few data for adults >80 years of age?. ### Response: clinician–patient discussion of risk versus benefit.


Instruction: Even a small increase in geriatric-specific adverse effects with statins could offset any car-diovascular benefit?

Output: S4.4.4.1-20

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Even a small increase in geriatric-specific adverse effects with statins could offset any car-diovascular benefit?. ### Response: S4.4.4.1-20.


Instruction: What could offset any car -diovascular benefit with statins?

Output: a small increase in geriatric-specific adverse effects

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What could offset any car -diovascular benefit with statins?. ### Response: a small increase in geriatric-specific adverse effects.


Instruction: What may be indi-cated if the potential for benefit outweighs the risks of adverse effects, drug-drug interactions, and cost?

Output: Statins

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What may be indi-cated if the potential for benefit outweighs the risks of adverse effects, drug-drug interactions, and cost?. ### Response: Statins.


Instruction: What is the compelling reason to discontinue therapy in older adults with severe age-related man-agement complexities?

Output: aggregate risks outweigh potential for meaningful  benefit

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the compelling reason to discontinue therapy in older adults with severe age-related man-agement complexities?. ### Response: aggregate risks outweigh potential for meaningful  benefit.


Instruction: Customary risks associ-ated with statins may be intensified by what?

Output: age

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Customary risks associ-ated with statins may be intensified by what?. ### Response: age.


Instruction: What are implications for the role of myocardial viability assessment in man-agement decisions?

Output: Incremental value of myocardialviability for prediction of long-term prognosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are implications for the role of myocardial viability assessment in man-agement decisions?. ### Response: Incremental value of myocardialviability for prediction of long-term prognosis.


Instruction: What is asymptomatic diabetic patients with high-risk SPECT ima ging treated with?

Output: coronary artery bypass grafting

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is asymptomatic diabetic patients with high-risk SPECT ima ging treated with?. ### Response: coronary artery bypass grafting.


Instruction: What is the name of the Asymptomatic CardiacIschemia Pilot study?

Output: ACIP

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the Asymptomatic CardiacIschemia Pilot study?. ### Response: ACIP.


Instruction: What was the outcome of patientsrandomized to initial strategies of medical therapy versus revascularization?

Output: two-year follow-up

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the outcome of patientsrandomized to initial strategies of medical therapy versus revascularization?. ### Response: two-year follow-up.


Instruction: When was the ACIP study conducted?

Output: 1997

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When was the ACIP study conducted?. ### Response: 1997.


Instruction: What is the effect of withinternal-thoracic-artery grafts on survival?

Output: 15-yearperiod

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of withinternal-thoracic-artery grafts on survival?. ### Response: 15-yearperiod.


Instruction: What was the N Engl J Med. 1996;334:216–9.994.

Output: Coronary bypass surgery

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the N Engl J Med. 1996;334:216–9.994.. ### Response: Coronary bypass surgery.


Instruction: What did Loop FD, Lytle BW, Cosgrove DM, et al. effect of the internal-mammary-artery-graft on 10 year survival and other cardiac events?

Output: Influence

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did Loop FD, Lytle BW, Cosgrove DM, et al. effect of the internal-mammary-artery-graft on 10 year survival and other cardiac events?. ### Response: Influence.


Instruction: What is accelerated progression of atherosclerosis in coronary vessels with minimal lesions that arepassed?

Output: bypassed. N Engl J Med. 1984;824–8.996

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is accelerated progression of atherosclerosis in coronary vessels with minimal lesions that arepassed?. ### Response: bypassed. N Engl J Med. 1984;824–8.996.


Instruction: What is measured to assess the functional severity of coronary-artery stenoses?

Output: fractional flow reserve

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is measured to assess the functional severity of coronary-artery stenoses?. ### Response: fractional flow reserve.


Instruction: What is Fractional flow reserve versusangiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention?

Output: functional severity

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is Fractional flow reserve versusangiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention?. ### Response: functional severity.


Instruction: What is the Incremental value of myocardialviability for prediction of in surgically revascu-larized patients with left ventricular dysfunction?

Output: long-term prognosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the Incremental value of myocardialviability for prediction of in surgically revascu-larized patients with left ventricular dysfunction?. ### Response: long-term prognosis.


Instruction: How long did it take for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy to recover from surgery?

Output: 25-year

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long did it take for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy to recover from surgery?. ### Response: 25-year.


Instruction: What is the name of the study that compares coronary artery bypass grafting with medical therapy?

Output: Asymptomatic CardiacIschemia Pilot

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the study that compares coronary artery bypass grafting with medical therapy?. ### Response: Asymptomatic CardiacIschemia Pilot.


Instruction: What did the Duke Cardiovascular Disease Databank collect?

Output: 25-year expe-rience

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did the Duke Cardiovascular Disease Databank collect?. ### Response: 25-year expe-rience.


Instruction: What did Phillips HR, O’Connor CM, Rogers J. Revascularization for heartfailure. Am Heart J. 2007;153:65–73.1001.

Output: Comparison ofcoronary artery bypass grafting

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What did Phillips HR, O’Connor CM, Rogers J. Revascularization for heartfailure. Am Heart J. 2007;153:65–73.1001.. ### Response: Comparison ofcoronary artery bypass grafting.


Instruction: What is the effect of early intervention in patients with advancedleftventricular systolic dysfunction?

Output: Myocardial viabilitytesting

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of early intervention in patients with advancedleftventricular systolic dysfunction?. ### Response: Myocardial viabilitytesting.


Instruction: What is the name of a patient with advanced left ventricular systolic dysfunction?

Output: Tarakji KG

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of a patient with advanced left ventricular systolic dysfunction?. ### Response: Tarakji KG.


Instruction: What are the names of the patients with advancedleft ventricular syndrome?

Output: Sawada S, Bapat A, Vaz D, et al. Incremental value of myocardialviability for prediction of long-term prognosis in surgically revascu-larized patients

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the names of the patients with advancedleft ventricular syndrome?. ### Response: Sawada S, Bapat A, Vaz D, et al. Incremental value of myocardialviability for prediction of long-term prognosis in surgically revascu-larized patients.


Instruction: How is revascularization performed inpatients with heart failure?

Output: surgically

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How is revascularization performed inpatients with heart failure?. ### Response: surgically.


Instruction: What is done after a nonfatal cardiac arrest outside the hospital?

Output: percu-taneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is done after a nonfatal cardiac arrest outside the hospital?. ### Response: percu-taneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting.


Instruction: What is the name of the study that investigated the effect of diabetes on 5-year mortality and morbidity in a randomized trial?

Output: The BARI Investigators

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the study that investigated the effect of diabetes on 5-year mortality and morbidity in a randomized trial?. ### Response: The BARI Investigators.


Instruction: What was the effect of diabetes on 5-year mortality andmorbidity in a randomized trial?

Output: Influence

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the effect of diabetes on 5-year mortality andmorbidity in a randomized trial?. ### Response: Influence.


Instruction: What is the name of the trial that compared CABG and PTCA inpatients with multivessel disease?

Output: Bypass Angioplasty Revascular-

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the trial that compared CABG and PTCA inpatients with multivessel disease?. ### Response: Bypass Angioplasty Revascular-.


Instruction: Who is the Chair of the Baylor College of Medicine?

Output: Glenn N. Levine

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Chair of the Baylor College of Medicine?. ### Response: Glenn N. Levine.


Instruction: What is the name of the person who is the Vice Chair of Michigan?

Output: Eric R. Bates

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the person who is the Vice Chair of Michigan?. ### Response: Eric R. Bates.


Instruction: Who is the Vice Chair ofGeisinger Medical Center?

Output: James C.Blankenship

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Vice Chair ofGeisinger Medical Center?. ### Response: James C.Blankenship.


Instruction: What is the name of the person who is the Director of Cardiology andCardiac CatheterizationLaboratories?

Output: ChairGeisinger Medical Center

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the person who is the Director of Cardiology andCardiac CatheterizationLaboratories?. ### Response: ChairGeisinger Medical Center.


Instruction: Which University of Texas MedicalCenter is the Professor of Medicine and Radiology?

Output: Steven R. Bailey

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which University of Texas MedicalCenter is the Professor of Medicine and Radiology?. ### Response: Steven R. Bailey.


Instruction: Who is the Director of Coronary Care Unit at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center?

Output: Bojan Cercek

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Director of Coronary Care Unit at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center?. ### Response: Bojan Cercek.


Instruction: What is the name of the professor of Medicine and Radiology at Penn State Milton S. HersheyMedical Center? Who is a surgeon at Cleveland Clinic Foundation?

Output: Stephen G. Ellis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the professor of Medicine and Radiology at Penn State Milton S. HersheyMedical Center? Who is a surgeon at Cleveland Clinic Foundation?. ### Response: Stephen G. Ellis.


Instruction: What is the name of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation?

Output: Stephen G. Ellis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation?. ### Response: Stephen G. Ellis.


Instruction: Who is the Chief of Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery?

Output: Robert A. Guyton Emory Clinic

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Chief of Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery?. ### Response: Robert A. Guyton Emory Clinic.


Instruction: What institution is the Head of Cardiology at Cleveland Clinic?

Output: Geisinger Medical Center

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What institution is the Head of Cardiology at Cleveland Clinic?. ### Response: Geisinger Medical Center.


Instruction: Who is the Vice Chairman of the Department of CardiovascularMedicine at Cleveland Clinic?

Output: Umesh N. Khot

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Vice Chairman of the Department of CardiovascularMedicine at Cleveland Clinic?. ### Response: Umesh N. Khot.


Instruction: What is the name of the President of Texas Tech UniversityHealth Sciences Center ElPaso?

Output: Richard A. Lange

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the President of Texas Tech UniversityHealth Sciences Center ElPaso?. ### Response: Richard A. Lange.


Instruction: Who is an Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard MedicalSchool?

Output: Laura Mauri Brigham & Women ’sHospital

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is an Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard MedicalSchool?. ### Response: Laura Mauri Brigham & Women ’sHospital.


Instruction: Who is the Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard MedicalSchool?

Output: Laura Mauri Brigham & Women ’sHospital

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard MedicalSchool?. ### Response: Laura Mauri Brigham & Women ’sHospital.


Instruction: What is the name of the Director of DataCoordinating Analysis Center at Columbia University MedicalCenter?

Output: Roxana Mehran

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the Director of DataCoordinating Analysis Center at Columbia University MedicalCenter?. ### Response: Roxana Mehran.


Instruction: What is the name of the professor of medicine at the University of Central Florida?

Output: Issam D. Moussa

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the professor of medicine at the University of Central Florida?. ### Response: Issam D. Moussa.


Instruction: Who is the Chief Medical Officer of the First CoastCardiovascular Institute?

Output: Issam D. Moussa

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is the Chief Medical Officer of the First CoastCardiovascular Institute?. ### Response: Issam D. Moussa.


Instruction: What is the name of the ACC/AHA/SCAIFOCUSED UPDATE on PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION FOR PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATIONMYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?

Output: —2015

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the ACC/AHA/SCAIFOCUSED UPDATE on PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION FOR PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATIONMYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?. ### Response: —2015.


Instruction: What does statins and nonstatins lower in chil-dren and adolescents with FH,S4.4.4.3-30 and other health conditions put them at increased risk of?

Output: CVD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does statins and nonstatins lower in chil-dren and adolescents with FH,S4.4.4.3-30 and other health conditions put them at increased risk of?. ### Response: CVD.


Instruction: What is increased risk of?

Output: CVD

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is increased risk of?. ### Response: CVD.


Instruction: What is low short- and medium-term adverse event rates with statin use in children and ado-lescents with FH?

Output: abnormalities in liver func-tion test, creatine kinase [CK] levels, and reported myopathy

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is low short- and medium-term adverse event rates with statin use in children and ado-lescents with FH?. ### Response: abnormalities in liver func-tion test, creatine kinase [CK] levels, and reported myopathy.


Instruction: What is the benefit of statins to subclinical atherosclerosis in FH?

Output: ben-efit

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the benefit of statins to subclinical atherosclerosis in FH?. ### Response: ben-efit.


Instruction: What is increased risk of CVD in untreated severe hypercholester -olemia?

Output: ben-efit from statins to subclinical atherosclerosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is increased risk of CVD in untreated severe hypercholester -olemia?. ### Response: ben-efit from statins to subclinical atherosclerosis.


Instruction: How old are children and adolescents at ages 10 years who have FHS4.4.4.3-33?

Output: ≥10 years

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How old are children and adolescents at ages 10 years who have FHS4.4.4.3-33?. ### Response: ≥10 years.


Instruction: How many months of lifestyle therapy have not responded to?

Output: 3 to 6

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many months of lifestyle therapy have not responded to?. ### Response: 3 to 6.


Instruction: Statins may be considered at what age in the presence of concering family history?

Output: 8 years

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Statins may be considered at what age in the presence of concering family history?. ### Response: 8 years.


Instruction: What should the intensity of treatment be based on?

Output: the severity of the hyper -cholesterolemia

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should the intensity of treatment be based on?. ### Response: the severity of the hyper -cholesterolemia.


Instruction: What should include patient/family preference?

Output: The intensity of treatment

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should include patient/family preference?. ### Response: The intensity of treatment.


Instruction: In children with severe hypercholesterolemia, what does ezeti-mibe show?

Output: reasonable LDL-C lowering with no signifi-cant adverse effects

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In children with severe hypercholesterolemia, what does ezeti-mibe show?. ### Response: reasonable LDL-C lowering with no signifi-cant adverse effects.


Instruction: Nonsystemic bile acid sequestrants can be useful for what?

Output: LDL-C lowering

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Nonsystemic bile acid sequestrants can be useful for what?. ### Response: LDL-C lowering.


Instruction: What can identify the severe hypercholesterolemia phenotype?

Output: Lipid testing during childhood

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can identify the severe hypercholesterolemia phenotype?. ### Response: Lipid testing during childhood.


Instruction: What is the LDL-C level in children and adolescents?

Output: ≥190 mg/dL

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the LDL-C level in children and adolescents?. ### Response: ≥190 mg/dL.


Instruction: What is it called when a child has a family history of early atherosclerosis or similarly elevated cho-lesterol in 1 parent?

Output: Statins

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is it called when a child has a family history of early atherosclerosis or similarly elevated cho-lesterol in 1 parent?. ### Response: Statins.


Instruction: What are genetic disorders associated with accel-erated ASCVD?

Output: FH

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are genetic disorders associated with accel-erated ASCVD?. ### Response: FH.


Instruction: What do subclinical ath-erosclerosis data suggest divergence between affected and unaffected children and adolescents beginning at?

Output: age 10 years

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do subclinical ath-erosclerosis data suggest divergence between affected and unaffected children and adolescents beginning at?. ### Response: age 10 years.


Instruction: At what age is screening recommended?

Output: 2 years

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: At what age is screening recommended?. ### Response: 2 years.


Instruction: At what age should a family his-tory be suggestive of CVD or primary hypercholesterolemia?

Output: 2 years

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: At what age should a family his-tory be suggestive of CVD or primary hypercholesterolemia?. ### Response: 2 years.


Instruction: What should prompt screening of extended family members?

Output: Identification of a child with severe hypercholesterolemia

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should prompt screening of extended family members?. ### Response: Identification of a child with severe hypercholesterolemia.


Instruction: What does screening for hypercholesterolemia on the basis of family history include an expanded group of?

Output: family

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What does screening for hypercholesterolemia on the basis of family history include an expanded group of?. ### Response: family.


Instruction: What is not appropriate for rhythms that break or recur spontaneously?

Output: synchronized cardioversion

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is not appropriate for rhythms that break or recur spontaneously?. ### Response: synchronized cardioversion.


Instruction: What indicates intravenous?

Output: IV

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What indicates intravenous?. ### Response: IV.


Instruction: How can accessory pathways be manifest or concealed?

Output: can con-duct in the anterograde direction, retrograde direction, or both; and can be associated with several different supraven-tricular arrhythmias. Some anterograde pathways may place patients at risk of SCD. Typically, pathways directly connect the atrium and ventricle, bypassing the normal conduction through the A V node and His Purkinje system. The pathways are considered manifest if they conduct in the anterograde direction

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How can accessory pathways be manifest or concealed?. ### Response: can con-duct in the anterograde direction, retrograde direction, or both; and can be associated with several different supraven-tricular arrhythmias. Some anterograde pathways may place patients at risk of SCD. Typically, pathways directly connect the atrium and ventricle, bypassing the normal conduction through the A V node and His Purkinje system. The pathways are considered manifest if they conduct in the anterograde direction.


Instruction: What can be associated with several different supraven-tricular arrhythmias?

Output: Accessory pathways

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What can be associated with several different supraven-tricular arrhythmias?. ### Response: Accessory pathways.


Instruction: What is the risk of SCD?

Output: ventricular fibrillation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the risk of SCD?. ### Response: ventricular fibrillation.


Instruction: Where do pathways connect the atrium and ventricle?

Output: directly

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where do pathways connect the atrium and ventricle?. ### Response: directly.


Instruction: What is considered manifest if the pathways conduct in the anterograde direction?

Output: demonstrating pre-excitation with a delta wave on the ECG

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is considered manifest if the pathways conduct in the anterograde direction?. ### Response: demonstrating pre-excitation with a delta wave on the ECG.


Instruction: What is the delta wave on the ECG?

Output: pre-excitation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the delta wave on the ECG?. ### Response: pre-excitation.