Undertakings cannot compete on the merits if there are safe havens for anti-competitive practices, for example, because evidence of anti-competitive practices cannot be collected or because undertakings are able to escape liability for fines.
Ní féidir le gnóthais dul in iomaíocht bunaithe ar a mbuanna féin fad atá tearmainn ann inar féidir cleachtais fhrithiomaíocha a chur i gcrích toisc, mar shampla, nach féidir fianaise a bhailiú ar chleachtais fhrithiomaíocha nó toisc gur féidir le gnóthais dliteanas i leith fíneálacha a sheachaint sna háiteanna sin.