where judicial proceedings have already been initiated in respect of the same actions and against the same persons before the authorities of the Member State of the competent authority receiving the request; or
i gcás ina ndearnadh imeachtaí breithiúnacha a thionscnamh cheana féin os comhair údaráis an Bhallstáit a fhaigheann an iarraidh i leith na ngníomhaíochtaí céanna agus i gcoinne na ndaoine céanna; nó