A single-exon circRNA, hsa_circ_0075932, was highly expressed in human normal adipose tissue.[@bib165] hsa_circ_0075932 exhibited a markedly promoting effect on inflammation and apoptosis in dermal keratinocytes. circ-DB released by adipocytes was found to prompt cell growth and reduce DNA damage in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by targeting miR-34a and activating the ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7)/cyclin A2 signaling pathway.[@bib25] Many gaps in our current understanding of the relationship between circRNAs and exosome remain. The molecular mechanisms that control the sorting process of exosomal circRNAs remain elusive. In-depth investigations on circRNAs and their associated miRNAs are required to verify the impact of miRNA abundance on circRNA sorting into exosomes. Intriguingly, numerous RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), including ribosomal proteins and elongation factors, were identified to be present in exosomes.[@bib166] Several RBPs are responsible for sorting RNAs with specific binding motifs into It is proposed that RBPs may direct RNA sorting by interacting with MVB and/or membrane microdomains where the exosomes form.[@bib168]^,^[@bib169] Given that circRNAs can interact with RBPs,[@bib170]^,^[@bib171] it can be hypothesized that RBPs may regulate the process of circRNA sorting.
A single-exon circRNA, hsa_circ_0075932, was found to be highly expressed in human normal adipose tissue and was shown to significantly promote inflammation and apoptosis in dermal keratinocytes. Additionally, circ-DB, released by adipocytes, was observed to enhance cell growth and reduce DNA damage in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by targeting miR-34a and activating the USP7/cyclin A2 signaling pathway. However, significant gaps remain in understanding the relationship between circRNAs and exosomes, particularly regarding the molecular mechanisms controlling the sorting of exosomal circRNAs. Further research is needed to explore the role of miRNA abundance in this process. Notably, various RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), including ribosomal proteins and elongation factors, have been identified in exosomes, with some RBPs implicated in sorting RNAs containing specific binding motifs. It is suggested that RBPs may facilitate RNA sorting by interacting with multivesicular bodies (MVBs) or membrane microdomains where exosomes form. Given that circRNAs can interact with RBPs, it is plausible that RBPs may play a role in regulating the sorting of circRNAs into exosomes.
The single-exon circRNA, hsa_circ_0075932, is notably expressed in human normal adipose tissue. Research indicates that hsa_circ_0075932 promotes inflammation and apoptosis in dermal keratinocytes. In addition, circ-DB released by adipocytes has been shown to enhance cell growth and decrease DNA damage in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by targeting miR-34a and activating the USP7/cyclin A2 signaling pathway. However, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of the relationship between circRNAs and exosomes. The molecular mechanisms governing the sorting of exosomal circRNAs remain unclear. Further research is needed to explore how miRNA abundance affects circRNA sorting into exosomes. Notably, several RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which include ribosomal proteins and elongation factors, are present in exosomes. Certain RBPs are tasked with sorting RNAs that contain specific binding motifs, and it is proposed that they may facilitate RNA sorting by interacting with multivesicular bodies (MVB) and membrane microdomains where exosomes are formed. Given that circRNAs can interact with RBPs, it can be hypothesized that RBPs play a role in regulating the sorting of circRNAs.
The single-exon circRNA hsa_circ_0075932 is highly expressed in human normal adipose tissue. It has been shown that hsa_circ_0075932 induces inflammation and apoptosis in dermal keratinocytes. Furthermore, circ-DB secreted by adipocytes has been reported to promote cell proliferation and reduce DNA damage in HCC through miR-34a and USP7/cyclin A2 signaling pathway. Nevertheless, there are still large gaps in our knowledge of the interaction between circRNAs and exosomes. The molecular mechanisms of exosomal circRNA sorting are not known. Additional studies are required to investigate the impact of miRNA abundance on circRNA sorting into exosomes. Interestingly, a number of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), such as ribosomal proteins and elongation factors, are found in exosomes. Some RBPs are responsible for sorting RNAs with specific binding motifs, and it is suggested that they may mediate RNA sorting by binding to multivesicular bodies (MVB) and membrane microdomains in which exosomes are generated. Since circRNAs can bind to RBPs, it can be speculated that RBPs regulate circRNA sorting.
The single-exon circRNA, hsa_circ_0075932, is highly expressed in human normal adipose tissue. Studies have shown that hsa_circ_0075932 induces inflammation and apoptosis in dermal keratinocytes. Furthermore, adipocyte-derived circ-DB has been reported to promote cell proliferation and reduce DNA damage in HCC by regulating miR-34a and activating the USP7/cyclin A2 signaling pathway. But there are still many missing links between circRNAs and exosomes. The molecular mechanisms of exosomal circRNA sorting are still unknown. Additional studies are required to investigate the role of miRNA abundance in circRNA sorting into exosomes. Interestingly, a number of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), such as ribosomal proteins and elongation factors, are found in exosomes. Some RBPs are responsible for sorting RNAs that contain particular binding motifs, and it is suggested that they may play a role in RNA sorting by interacting with MVBs and membrane microdomains where exosomes are generated. Since circRNAs can bind to RBPs, it is possible that RBPs are involved in the sorting of circRNAs.