IN THE SUPREIVIE COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE

CALVIN VINCENT,1 §
§ No. 436, 2014
Respondent/Petitioner Below, §
Appellant, § Court Below—Family Court of
§ the State of Delaware, in and
V. § for New Castle County
§
DIVISION OF CPHLD SUPPORT § File No. CNO7—01807
ENFORCEMENT/EMILY §
CARTWRIGHT, § Pet. Nos. 13-21770
§ l4—03946

Petitioners/Respondents Below, §
Appellees. §

Submitted: December 24, 2014
Decided: March 2, 2015

Before STRINE, Chief Justice, HOLLAND and VALIHURA, Justices.
ORDER
This 2Ild day of March 2015, upon consideration of the appellant’s
opening brief and appendix and the appellees’ motion to afﬁrm,2 it appears
to the Court that:
(1) In March 2008, the parties, appellant-Calvin Vincent (“Father”)
and appellee—Emily Cartwright (“Mother”), entered into a year-long

protection from abuse (“PFA”) consent order that, among other things,

1 By Order dated August 14, 2014, this Court sua sponte assigned pseudonyms to the
parties. Del. Supr. Ct. R. 7(d).

2 The motion to afﬁrm ﬁled by appellee-DiVision of Child Support Enforcement on
December 23, 2014 was adopted by appellee-Emily Cartwright on December 24, 2014.

required Father to pay, through a “temporary wage attachment,” $185 per
week in “temporary child support” to appellee—Division of Child Support
Enforcement (“DCSE”) on behalf of Mother and for the beneﬁt of Mother
and Father’s two children. The wage attachment was to remain in effect
only for the duration of the PFA consent order, which ended in March 2009,
but instead it continued until April 2013, when it ﬁnally stopped due to
Father’s unemployment. The record does not reﬂect why the wage
attachment continued or why Father waited until 2013 to look into the
matter.

(2) In July 2013, DCSE, on behalf of Mother, ﬁled a petition for
child support (hereinafter “Child Support Petition”) against Father. In
January 2014, pending a hearing on the petition, a Commissioner issued an
' interim order directing that Father pay $0 in child support and that DCSE
audit Father’s account to determine if a credit was owed to him, and the
amount of that credit. Upon Father’s request for review of the
Commissioner’s order, the Family Court afﬁrmed.

(3) On February 24, 2014, Father ﬁled a “motion for refund”
(hereinafter “Refund Petition”). Father’s Refund Petition was scheduled to
be heard with the Child Support Petition on March 20, 2014. At the outset

of the March 20 hearing, however, the Commissioner determined that the

Refund Petition could not be heard because Father had not properly served it
on DCSE. The hearing went forward on the Child Support Petition and at
the conclusion of the hearing the Commissioner took the matter under
advisement, indicating that she would try to issue a written decision within a
week.

(4) On March 26, 2014, Father ﬁled a second “motion for refund,”
which was dismissed as “duplicative” on March 28, 2014, after a
Commissioner determined that it sought the same relief as the pending
ReﬁJnd Petition. On April 28, 2014, Father ﬁled a request for review of the
Commissioner’s order.

(5) On March 27, 2014, eleven days before the Commissioner
issued her written order on the matters taken under advisement, Father ﬁled
a “petition/motion for review . of commissioner’s order.” Father’s
“petition/motion for review” made anticipatory objections to, among other
things, the Commissioner’s “use of the Melson formula” when determining
Father’s child support obligation and to any order that he pay “cash medical
support.” Also, as with his second “motion for refund,” Father’s
“petition/motion for review” requested the same relief as the pending

Refund Petition, namely “a judgment ordering DCSE to reimburse [Father]

for all money, approximately $40,000, collected illegally by DCSE, beyond
the agreed time, and without a court order.”

(6) On April 7, 2014, the Commissioner issued the order on the
matters taken under advisement on March 20, 2014. The Commissioner
dismissed the Refund Petition without prejudice for Father’s failure to serve
DCSE and granted the Child Support Petition retroactively to July 2011.
When determining Father’s net retroactive child support obligation, the
Commissioner offset Father’s gross retroactive child support obligation,
which was based on the parties’ income information from July 2011 to April
2013, with the total amount of child support payments made by Father over
the same period.3 The Commissioner refused to credit Father for any child
support payments made between March 2009 and July 2011 on the basis that
Father was obligated to support his children during those years whether or
not there was a valid child support order in place, and that Father could have
ﬁled, but did not, a petition to modify the child support that continued to be
withheld from his wages after the expiration of the PFA consent order.

(7) Following the Commissioner’s April 7, 2014 order, Father ﬁled

a third “motion for reﬁlnd” (hereinafter “Amended Reﬁlnd Petition”) on

3 The Commissioner determined that Father was entitled to a credit of $3,719.00.

4

April 28, 2014. Also, on May 8, 2014, Father ﬁled a request for review of
the Commissioner’s April 7, 2014 order.

(8) By order dated July 15, 2014, the Family Court ruled on
Father’s three pending requests for review. Also, the court advised Father
that his Amended Refund Petition would not be scheduled for a hearing until
Father showed proof of service on DCSE. On the requests for review, the
court afﬁrmed the March 28, 2014 dismissal of Father’s “motion for refund”
ﬁled on March 26, 2014. The Court dismissed the “petition/motion for
review of commissioner’s order” for Father’s failure to provide a transcript.
The court dismissed the request for review of the April 7, 2014 order as
untimely ﬁled.

(9) When considering an appeal from a Family Court Order, this
Court’s standard and scope of review involves a review of the facts and the
law, as well as the inferences and deductions made by the court.4 To the
extent the issues on appeal implicate rulings of law, we conduct a de novo
review.5 If the Family Court has correctly applied the law, our review is

limited to abuse of discretion.6 To the extent the issues on appeal implicate

4 Mundy v. Devon, 906 A.2d 750, 752 (Del. 2006).
5 Id. (citing In re Heller, 669 A.2d 25, 29 (Del. 1995)).

6 Powell v. Dept. of Serv. for Children, Youth & their Families, 963 A.2d 724, 731 (Del.
2008).

rulings of fact, we conduct a limited review of the factual ﬁndings of the
Family Court to assure that they are sufﬁciently supported by the record and

7 We will not disturb inferences and deductions that

are not clearly wrong.
are supported by the record and are the product of an orderly and logical
deductive process.8

(10) In his ﬁrst two arguments on appeal, Father claims that the
Family Court erred when dismissing his requests for review. According to
Father, his request for review of the April 7, 2014 order was timely ﬁled and
if not, the delay should have been excused. Father contends that the
dismissal of his “petition/motion for review of commissioner’s order” was
“inequitable” under the circumstances. Father’s claims are without merit.

(11) Under 10 Del. C. §1915 and Family Court Civil Rule 53.1
(“Rule 53.1”), a request for review of a Commissioner’s ﬁnal order must be
ﬁled within thirty days from the date of the order.9 In this case, Father’s
request for review of the Commissioner’s order dated April 7, 2014 was due

on or before May 7, 2014. Father did not file the request for review until

May 8, 2014. The request was untimely ﬁled.

7 Id. (citing Solis v. Tea, 468 A.2d 1276, 1279 (Del. 1983)).

8 Mundy v. Devon, 906 A.2d 750, 752-53 (Del. 2006) (citing Solis v. Tea, 468 A.2d 1276,
1279 (Del. 1983)).

9 10 Del. C. § 915(d)(1); Del. Fam. Ct. Civ. R. 53.1(b).

6

(12) To the extent Father argues that any delay in ﬁling the request
for review should be excused because of “confusion” caused by the Family
Court, we disagree. Having carefully reviewed the record, it does not appear
that Father’s one-day delay in ﬁling the request for review was due to court-
related error.10

(13) Father argues that his request for review was timely ﬁled by
operation of Family Court Civil Rule 6(d) (“Rule 6(d)”), which adds three
days to a prescribed period after service by mail.11 His argument is without
merit. Rule 6(d) relates to service of papers upon one party by another
party, not to the statutory time limitation governing a request for review of a
Commissioner’ s order.12

(14) Father argues that the dismissal of his “petition/motion for
review of commissioner’s order” for his failure to provide a transcript of the
March 20, 2014 hearing was “inequitable,” because the court did not need
the transcript to decide the “petition/motion for review.” Father’s argument

is without merit. Under Rule 53.1(c), “unless all parties agree to a statement

10 See Bey v. State, 402 A.2d 362, 363 (Del. 1979) (permitting untimely appeal when
delay in ﬁling appeal was caused by court-related personnel).

11 See Del. Fam. Ct. Civ. R. 6(d) (providing for additional time after service by mail).

‘2 Carling v. Carling, 1998 WL 668033 (Del. Fam. Ct. June 25, 1998). Cf. Nieves v.
State, 2012 WL 112501 (Del. Jan. 12, 2012) (regarding Del. Supr. Ct. R. 11(0)); Martin
v. Widener University School of Law, 1993 WL 61685 (Del. Feb. 9, 1993) (regarding Del.
Chan. Ct. R. 6(e)); Wallace v. P & C Rooﬁng, 2011 WL 5835021 (Del. Super. Nov. 15,
2011) (regarding Del. Super. Ct. CiV. R. 6(e)).

' 7

of facts” or the court, upon request, agrees “to accept an electronic recording
of the proceedings in lieu of the transcript,” a party requesting review of a
Commissioner’s order is required to provide a transcript of the proceedings
before the Commissioner.13 Under Rule 53.1(i), “[a] party appealing an
order of a commissioner who fails to comply with the provisions of this rule
or with the direction of the Court as to the appeal shall be subject to
dismissal of said appeal.”14

(15) In this case, based on his belief that a transcript was not
necessary to decide his “petition/motion for review of commissioner’s
order,” Father did not provide a transcript of the proceedings on March 20,
2014, despite having received notice from the court that he was required to
do so. Under these circumstances, we conclude that the Family Court did
not abuse its discretion when dismissing the “petition/motion for review” for
Father’s failure to provide the transcript.

(16) Finally, in his third argument on appeal, Father advances the
merit of his claims that the Commissioner’s April 7, 2014 order erred when

determining his child support obligation and when refusing to credit him for

child support payments made between March 2009 and July 2011. Father’s

13 Del. Fam. Ct. Civ. R. 53.1(c).
1“ Del. Fam. Ct. Civ. R. 53.10).

claims are unavailing. This Court does not have jurisdiction to hear an
appeal directly from the Commissioner’s April 7, 2014 order.15 Father lost
his right to appellate review when he failed to ﬁle a timely request for

review of the order in the Family Coult.16

NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS ORDERED that the motion to afﬁrm is
GRANTED. The judgment of the Family Court is AFFIRMED.

BY THE COURT:

Justice 6 

15 10 Del. C. § 915(d); Redden v. McGz‘ll, 549 A.2d 695, 698 (Del. 1988).

16Richmond v. Div. ofFamz'ly Serv., 1999 WL 734725 (Del. Supr.) (citing Div. of Child
Support Enforcement/Smith v. Neal, 687 A.2d 1324 (1997); Redden v. McGiZl, 549 A.2d
695, 698 (Del. 1988)).

