title: Win32 Create Bitmap from Device Context To File and/or BLOB
body: <p>I would like to get the context of my window into a bitmap. I use the window to draw basic lines with touch. The problem that I'm having is my bitmap is black. Which it is probably due to the fact that I'm not grabbing the device context properly or doing something else wrong. </p>
  
  <p><strong>The functions <code>CreateBitmapInfoStruct</code> and <code>CreateBMPFile</code> are from <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd145119%28v=vs.85%29.aspx" rel="nofollow">this MSDN example</a>.</strong></p>
  
  <p><strong>Also note that <code>g_hWnd</code> is a global variable that has the handle of the window for which I want to save the picture.</strong> </p>
  
  <p>My end goal is to be able to save the bitmap into a mysql field (BLOB) that I have. This is what my original problem was. Anyway, I started by first trying to create a BMP to file. </p>
  
  <p>I have searched here and in other places. The best solution I found was recommended here following <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd145119%28v=vs.85%29.aspx" rel="nofollow">this MSDN example</a>. However, it is not working.</p>
  
  <p>Any help for this specific problem and/or in writing to the bitmap into a blob into mysql table, will be greatly appreciated. </p>
  
  <p>Here is my code:</p>
  
  <pre><code>HDC hDC = GetDC(g_hWnd); 
  
  LPRECT rect = (LPRECT)malloc(sizeof(RECT)); 
  GetWindowRect(g_hWnd,rect); 
  int h = rect-&gt;right - rect-&gt;left;
  int w = rect-&gt;bottom - rect-&gt;top; 
  LPRECT rect = (LPRECT)malloc(sizeof(RECT)); 
  GetWindowRect(g_hWnd,rect); 
  HBITMAP hBmp = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hDC,w,h); 
  PBITMAPINFO pbmi;
  pbmi = CreateBitmapInfoStruct(g_hWnd,hBmp); 
  
  CreateBMPFile(g_hWnd, TEXT("c:\\TEMPO\\TestG2.bmp"), pbmi, 
                hBmp, hDC) ;
  
  ReleaseDC(g_hWnd,hDC); 
  
  DeleteObject(hBmp); 
  DeleteObject(pbmi); 
  if (rect != nullptr)
      free(rect); 
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>EDIT: </p>
  
  <p>The actual answer for capturing the screen (getDC) is to modify <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd183402%28v=vs.85%29" rel="nofollow">this sample in MSDN</a>.</p>
  
  <p>I have modified the sample here (remove the stretch) Note that still uses the goto, which I will remove.<br>
  A note about the GOTO... WHile I don't use it, I don't find it to be a problem either. I think too much has been made about the GOTO statement... like if in assembly, we wouldn't do goto (JUMPS) </p>
  
  <p>Here is the code:</p>
  
  <pre><code>void saveBitmap()
  {
      HDC hdcScreen;
      HDC hdcWindow;
      HDC hdcMemDC = NULL;
      HBITMAP hbmScreen = NULL;
      BITMAP bmpScreen;
  
      // Retrieve the handle to a display device context for the client 
      // area of the window. 
      hdcScreen = GetDC(NULL);
      hdcWindow = GetDC(g_hWnd);
  
      // Create a compatible DC which is used in a BitBlt from the window DC
      hdcMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdcWindow); 
      if(!hdcMemDC)
      {
      goto done;
      }
      RECT rcClient;
      GetClientRect(g_hWnd, &amp;rcClient);
      hbmScreen = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcWindow, rcClient.right-rcClient.left, 
                                         rcClient.bottom-rcClient.top);
      if(!hbmScreen)
      {
          goto done;
      }
  
      SelectObject(hdcMemDC,hbmScreen);
  
      if(!BitBlt(hdcMemDC, 
                 0,0, 
                 rcClient.right-rcClient.left, rcClient.bottom-rcClient.top, 
                 hdcWindow, 
                 0,0,
                 SRCCOPY))
      {
          goto done;
      }
  GetObject(hbmScreen,sizeof(BITMAP),&amp;bmpScreen);
  
      BITMAPFILEHEADER   bmfHeader;    
      BITMAPINFOHEADER   bi;
  
      bi.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);    
      bi.biWidth = bmpScreen.bmWidth;    
      bi.biHeight = bmpScreen.bmHeight;  
      bi.biPlanes = 1;    
      bi.biBitCount = 32;    
      bi.biCompression = BI_RGB;    
      bi.biSizeImage = 0;  
      bi.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;    
      bi.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;    
      bi.biClrUsed = 0;    
      bi.biClrImportant = 0;
  
      DWORD dwBmpSize = ((bmpScreen.bmWidth * bi.biBitCount + 31) / 32) * 4 * 
                        bmpScreen.bmHeight;
  
      // Starting with 32-bit Windows, GlobalAlloc and LocalAlloc are implemented as wrapper functions that 
      // call HeapAlloc using a handle to the process's default heap. Therefore, GlobalAlloc and LocalAlloc 
      // have greater overhead than HeapAlloc.
      HANDLE hDIB = GlobalAlloc(GHND,dwBmpSize); 
      char *lpbitmap = (char *)GlobalLock(hDIB);    
  
      // Gets the "bits" from the bitmap and copies them into a buffer 
      // which is pointed to by lpbitmap.
      GetDIBits(hdcWindow, hbmScreen, 0,
                (UINT)bmpScreen.bmHeight,
                lpbitmap,
                (BITMAPINFO *)&amp;bi, DIB_RGB_COLORS);
  
      // A file is created, this is where we will save the screen capture.
      HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(L"c:\\tempo\\captureqwsx.bmp",
                                GENERIC_WRITE,
                                0,
                                NULL,
                                CREATE_ALWAYS,
                                FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);   
  
      // Add the size of the headers to the size of the bitmap to get the total file size
      DWORD dwSizeofDIB = dwBmpSize + sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + 
                          sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
  
      //Offset to where the actual bitmap bits start.
      bmfHeader.bfOffBits = (DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + 
                            (DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); 
  
      //Size of the file
      bmfHeader.bfSize = dwSizeofDIB; 
  
      //bfType must always be BM for Bitmaps
      bmfHeader.bfType = 0x4D42; //BM   
  
      DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;
      WriteFile(hFile, (LPSTR)&amp;bmfHeader, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), &amp;dwBytesWritten,  NULL);
      WriteFile(hFile, (LPSTR)&amp;bi, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), &amp;dwBytesWritten, NULL);
      WriteFile(hFile, (LPSTR)lpbitmap, dwBmpSize, &amp;dwBytesWritten, NULL);
  
      //Unlock and Free the DIB from the heap
      GlobalUnlock(hDIB);    
      GlobalFree(hDIB);
  
      //Close the handle for the file that was created
      CloseHandle(hFile);
  
      //Clean up
  done:
      DeleteObject(hbmScreen);
      DeleteObject(hdcMemDC);
      ReleaseDC(NULL,hdcScreen);
      ReleaseDC(g_hWnd,hdcWindow);
  }
  </code></pre>