title: MySQL upper case table, schema name
body: <p>Environment: Windows 7 64 bit. MySQL version  5.7.18.</p>
  
  <p>I need to create a schema with name <code>RQATAuto</code>. It is created with name <code>rqatauto</code>.</p>
  
  <p>I used these articles:
  <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20795947/mysql-table-name-not-working-in-uppercase">Mysql table name not working in uppercase</a> ,</p>
  
  <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10928390/change-table-name-to-upper-case">change table name to upper case</a> , but neither helped.</p>
  
  <p>What I tried.</p>
  
  <p>1) I noticed I did not have a file <code>my.cnf</code>. It's location: <code>C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7</code> I created it, and I put a line:</p>
  
  <pre><code>lower_case_table_names=2
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>When I start MySQL server, I get error.</p>
  
  <pre><code>C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\bin&gt;mysql -u root -p
  mysql: [ERROR] unknown variable 'lower_case_table_names=2'
  
  C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\bin&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>2) I tried to start MySQL server without <code>my.cnf</code> file.</p>
  
  <pre><code>mysql&gt; SET lower_case_table_names=2;
  ERROR 1238 (HY000): Variable 'lower_case_table_names' is a read only variable
  mysql&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>I also removed <code>my.cnf</code> and created a file <code>my.ini</code></p>
  
  <pre><code># The MySQL server [mysqld]
  lower_case_table_names=2
  
  C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\bin&gt;mysql -u root -p
  mysql: [ERROR] Found option without preceding group in config file C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\my.ini at line 2!
  mysql: [ERROR] Fatal error in defaults handling. Program aborted!
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>3) I tried to use MySQL Workbench, it did not allow to use uppercase characters in schema name.</p>
  
  <hr>
  
  <h2>Update</h2>
  
  <p>I found file <code>my.ini</code> in <code>C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7</code> thanks to @Mihai. This is my file</p>
  
  <pre><code># Other default tuning values
  # MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
  # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  # Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard
  #
  #
  # Installation Instructions
  # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  #
  # On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
  # mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options
  # (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to
  # ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
  #
  # On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory 
  # of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To
  # make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option 
  # "--defaults-file". 
  #
  # To run run the server from the command line, execute this in a 
  # command line shell, e.g.
  # mysqld --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
  #
  # To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a 
  # command line shell, e.g.
  # mysqld --install MySQLXY --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
  #
  # And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g.
  # net start MySQLXY
  #
  #
  # Guildlines for editing this file
  # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  #
  # In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports.
  # If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program
  # with the "--help" option.
  #
  # More detailed information about the individual options can also be
  # found in the manual.
  #
  # For advice on how to change settings please see
  # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
  #
  #
  # CLIENT SECTION
  # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  #
  # The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
  # Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
  # to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
  # honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
  # MySQL client library initialization.
  #
  [client]
  
  # pipe
  # socket=0.0
  port=3306
  
  [mysql]
  no-beep
  
  default-character-set=utf8
  
  
  # SERVER SECTION
  # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  #
  # The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
  # you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
  # file.
  #
  # server_type=3
  [mysqld]
  lower_case_table_names=2
  # The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below.
  # skip-networking
  
  # enable-named-pipe
  
  # shared-memory
  
  # shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL
  
  # The Pipe the MySQL Server will use
  # socket=MYSQL
  
  # The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
  port=3306
  
  # Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
  # basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/"
  
  # Path to the database root
  datadir=C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7\Data
  
  # The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
  # created and no character set is defined
  character-set-server=utf8
  
  # The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
  default-storage-engine=INNODB
  
  # Set the SQL mode to strict
  sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
  
  # Enable Windows Authentication
  # plugin-load=authentication_windows.dll
  
  # General and Slow logging.
  log-output=FILE
  general-log=0
  general_log_file="KHOYA01W7.log"
  slow-query-log=1
  slow_query_log_file="KHOYA01W7-slow.log"
  long_query_time=10
  
  # Binary Logging.
  # log-bin
  
  # Error Logging.
  log-error="KHOYA01W7.err"
  
  # Server Id.
  server-id=1
  
  # Secure File Priv.
  secure-file-priv="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/Uploads"
  
  # The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
  # allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
  # SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
  # connection limit has been reached.
  max_connections=151
  
  # Query cache is used to cache SELECT results and later return them
  # without actual executing the same query once again. Having the query
  # cache enabled may result in significant speed improvements, if your
  # have a lot of identical queries and rarely changing tables. See the
  # "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable to check if the current value
  # is high enough for your load.
  # Note: In case your tables change very often or if your queries are
  # textually different every time, the query cache may result in a
  # slowdown instead of a performance improvement.
  query_cache_size=0
  
  # The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
  # increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
  # Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
  # allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
  # section [mysqld_safe]
  table_open_cache=2000
  
  # Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
  # grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
  # based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
  # of them.
  tmp_table_size=190M
  
  # How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
  # disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
  # more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
  # the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
  # connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance
  # improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
  thread_cache_size=10
  
  #*** MyISAM Specific options
  # The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
  # recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
  # If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
  # through the key cache (which is slower).
  myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G
  
  # If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
  # than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
  # key cache method.  This is mainly used to force long character keys in
  # large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
  myisam_sort_buffer_size=370M
  
  # Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
  # Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
  # is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
  # MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
  # used for internal temporary disk tables.
  key_buffer_size=8M
  
  # Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
  # Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
  read_buffer_size=64K
  read_rnd_buffer_size=256K
  
  #*** INNODB Specific options ***
  # innodb_data_home_dir=0.0
  
  # Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
  # but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
  # and speed up some things.
  # skip-innodb
  
  # If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
  # disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are
  # willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small
  # transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the
  # logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and
  # the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2
  # means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log
  # file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.
  innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
  
  # The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as
  # it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed
  # once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large
  # (even with long transactions).
  innodb_log_buffer_size=1M
  
  # InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and
  # row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to
  # access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this
  # parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it
  # too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may
  # cause paging in the operating system.  Note that on 32bit systems you
  # might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not
  # set it too high.
  innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M
  
  # Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size
  # of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid
  # unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,
  # note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the
  # recovery process.
  innodb_log_file_size=48M
  
  # Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value
  # depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS
  # scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.
  innodb_thread_concurrency=17
  
  # The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full.
  innodb_autoextend_increment=64
  
  # The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into.
  # For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency,
  # by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages.
  innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
  
  # Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently.
  innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
  
  # Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before
  # it can be moved to the new sublist.
  innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
  
  # It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10.
  innodb_open_files=300
  
  # When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements.
  innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
  
  # When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table
  # in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace.
  innodb_file_per_table=1
  
  # Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none.
  innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
  
  # The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have.
  # This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time.
  # It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread.
  # The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily
  # stops answering new requests.
  # You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time.
  back_log=80
  
  # If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and
  # synchronize unflushed data to disk.
  # This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources.
  flush_time=0
  
  # The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use
  # indexes and thus perform full table scans.
  join_buffer_size=256K
  
  # The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the
  # mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function.
  max_allowed_packet=4M
  
  # If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection,
  # the server blocks that host from performing further connections.
  max_connect_errors=100
  
  # Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld.
  # You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files".
  open_files_limit=4161
  
  # Set the query cache type. 0 for OFF, 1 for ON and 2 for DEMAND.
  query_cache_type=0
  
  # If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the
  # sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization
  # or improved indexing.
  sort_buffer_size=256K
  
  # The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache.
  # If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables.
  # The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache.
  # The minimum and default values are both 400.
  table_definition_cache=1400
  
  # Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes.
  # Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256.
  binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
  
  # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk.
  # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events.
  sync_master_info=10000
  
  # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk.
  # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log.
  sync_relay_log=10000
  
  # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk.
  # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions.
  sync_relay_log_info=10000
  
  # Indicates how is the InnoDB Cluster configured as (Classic, Sandbox, Master or Slave).
  # innodbclustertypeselection=ClassicMySQLReplication
  
  # Indicates how is the InnoDB Cluster is/will be named.
  # innodbclustername="sandboxCluster"
  
  # Indicates how many instances will the InnoDB cluster sandbox will have.
  # innodbclusterinstances=0
  
  # Holds the InnoDB Cluster Username.
  # innodbclusterusername
  
  # Indicates the InnoDB Cluster URI.
  # innodbclusteruri
  
  # Indicates the InnoDB Cluster Port.
  # innodbclusterport=3306
  
  # Load mysql plugins at start."plugin_x ; plugin_y".
  # plugin_load
  
  # MySQL server's plugin configuration.
  # loose_mysqlx_port=33060
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>You can find in this file (after I updated it!)</p>
  
  <pre><code> [mysqld]
   lower_case_table_names=2
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>Then I tried (after restarting the server!)</p>
  
  <pre><code>mysql&gt; create database AbcDeF;
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
  
  mysql&gt; show databases
      -&gt; ;
  +--------------------+
  | Database           |
  +--------------------+
  | information_schema |
  | abcdef             |
  | mysql              |
  | performance_schema |
  | rqatautomationdb   |
  | sys                |
  +--------------------+
  6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>After playing around, I got this</p>
  
  <pre><code> The server option 'lower_case_table_names' is configured to use case sensitive table names but the data directory is on a case-insensitive file system which is an unsupported combination
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>I found this
  <a href="https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=75185" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=75185</a></p>
  
  <p>I think it is not allowed to have case sensitive schema and table names on a case insensitive file system (NTFS). </p>