title: HSQLDB Order By with multiple columns
body: <p>I am performing a query using hsqldb and hibernate.  I have an order by statement: -</p>
  
  <pre><code>Query query = em
      .createQuery("SELECT DISTINCT new com.mytransferobject.QuickSearchResultTO(m.id, m.firstName||' '||m.surname, '')  " +
          "FROM Member m, ClassC c, ClassCm cm " +
          "WHERE  c.id = cm.clubId AND m.id = cm.memberId " +
          "AND c.lft &gt;= :lft AND c.lft &lt;= :rgt " +
          "AND (firstName LIKE :memberName OR surname LIKE :memberName) " +
          "AND m.deleted = false " +
          "AND c.deleted = false " +
          "ORDER BY m.firstName, m.surname");
  
  query.setParameter("lft", lft);
  query.setParameter("rgt", rgt);
  query.setParameter("memberName", memberName + "%");
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>This works fine in MYSQL, but fails in my test code (using hsqldb 2.2.6).  I tried concatenating them together and it works ok, but this is a highly used query, so I'd like to avoid any unnecessary operations.</p>
  
  <p>I am getting an exception: -</p>
  
  <pre><code>    javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: invalid ORDER BY expression
          at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1360)
          at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1288)
          at org.hibernate.ejb.QueryImpl.getResultList(QueryImpl.java:261)
          at com.servasport.smp.dao.jpa.MemberDaoImpl.quickSearchAll(MemberDaoImpl.java:626)
          at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
          at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
          at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
          at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
          at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:318)
          at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183)
          at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
          at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
          at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
          at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:202)
          at $Proxy68.quickSearchAll(Unknown Source)
          at com.servasport.smp.dao.MemberDaoTest.quickSearchSuccess(MemberDaoTest.java:768)
          at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
          at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
          at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
          at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
          at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
          at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
          at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
          at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
          at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
          at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
          at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
          at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:83)
          at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
          at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
          at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)
          at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
          at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
          at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
          at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
          at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
          at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
          at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
          at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
          at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
          at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
          at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
          at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
          at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
          at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
          at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
      Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: invalid ORDER BY expression
          at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.convert(SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.java:83)
          at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49)
          at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:125)
          at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:110)
          at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.ConnectionProxyHandler.continueInvocation(ConnectionProxyHandler.java:146)
          at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.AbstractProxyHandler.invoke(AbstractProxyHandler.java:81)
          at $Proxy95.prepareStatement(Unknown Source)
          at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$5.doPrepare(StatementPreparerImpl.java:147)
          at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:166)
          at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl.prepareQueryStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:145)
          at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.prepareQueryStatement(Loader.java:1720)
          at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:828)
          at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:289)
          at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2447)
          at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2433)
          at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.listIgnoreQueryCache(Loader.java:2263)
          at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.list(Loader.java:2258)
          at org.hibernate.loader.hql.QueryLoader.list(QueryLoader.java:470)
          at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.list(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:355)
          at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.performList(HQLQueryPlan.java:196)
          at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1161)
          at org.hibernate.internal.QueryImpl.list(QueryImpl.java:101)
          at org.hibernate.ejb.QueryImpl.getResultList(QueryImpl.java:252)
          ... 43 more
      Caused by: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: invalid ORDER BY expression
          at org.hsqldb.jdbc.Util.sqlException(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.jdbc.Util.sqlException(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCPreparedStatement.&lt;init&gt;(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCConnection.prepareStatement(Unknown Source)
          at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
          at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
          at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
          at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
          at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.ConnectionProxyHandler.continueInvocation(ConnectionProxyHandler.java:138)
          ... 61 more
      Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: invalid ORDER BY expression
          at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.QuerySpecification.resolveGroups(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.QuerySpecification.resolveTypesPartTwo(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.QueryExpression.resolve(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.compileCursorSpecification(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.ParserCommand.compilePart(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.ParserCommand.compileStatement(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.Session.compileStatement(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.StatementManager.compile(Unknown Source)
          at org.hsqldb.Session.execute(Unknown Source)
          ... 68 more
  </code></pre>