title: type initializer for 'Oracle.DataAccess.Client.OracleConnection' failed using Application Pool Identity
body: <p>We have a web site, .Net framework 4.0, 64-bit, hosted in IIS 7.5, running on Windows Server 2012.  It is using Windows Authentication.  It is using 64-bit 12c ODP.NET client, version 4.121.2.0.  The web site has its own application pool. When the application pool is configured to use a Domain account as the identity, it works. When we change the application pool to run under the ApplicationPoolIdentity as is recommended practice, we get "Failed to establish database connection: The type initializer for 'Oracle.DataAccess.Client.OracleConnection' threw an exception."</p>
  
  <p>Based on some threads, I have given the IIS AppPool\AppPoolName access to the ODP.NET and the bin folders under the Oracle 12g client install path, but still get the same error.</p>
  
  <p>Note that I have seen the thread relating to an SQL Server authentication problem to which there is a Microsoft KB saying reboot the server after a password change, but that only applies to Windows 7 and Windows 2008.</p>
  
  <p>Code. N/A</p>