title: Unable to load servlet listener class
body: <p>In advance, I apologize for the lengthy post, but there are a lot of details to this issue:</p>
  
  <p>It started with me receiving the below error when trying to run my Java EE application:  </p>
  
  <pre><code> SEVERE: Unable to load Persistence Unit from EAR: E:\workspace-sts\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0\wtpwebapps\CAT, module: file:/E:/workspace-sts/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/CAT/WEB-INF/classes/. Exception: unexpected element (uri:"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence", local:"persistence"). Expected elements are &lt;{http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence}persistence&gt;
   javax.xml.bind.UnmarshalException: unexpected element (uri:"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence", local:"persistence"). Expected elements are &lt;{http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence}persistence&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>This seemed to be pointing to my persistance.xml file:</p>
  
  <pre><code> &lt;persistence
      version="2.1"
      xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd"&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>So, I changed it to:</p>
  
  <pre><code> &lt;persistence version="1.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>The error went away but was then replaced with:</p>
  
  <pre><code> SEVERE: Unable to deploy collapsed ear in war StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/dally]
   org.apache.openejb.OpenEJBException: Unable to load servlet listener class: sdc.cdd.dally.AppListener: sdc.cdd.dally.AppListener
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>Now I'm stuck.  Thanks, in advance, for any help.</p>
  
  <p>BTW, Here's the basic app architecture:</p>
  
  <p>JDK 1.7<br>
  STS 3.4<br>
  Tomcat 7<br>
  Apache Tiles<br>
  EclipseLink 2.5.0 - Kepler (JPA)<br>
  Maven<br></p>
  
  <p>I've also included the pom.xml.  </p>
  
  <pre><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;
  &lt;project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"&gt;
  &lt;modelVersion&gt;4.0.0&lt;/modelVersion&gt;
  &lt;groupId&gt;sdc.cdd&lt;/groupId&gt;
  &lt;artifactId&gt;dally&lt;/artifactId&gt;
  &lt;name&gt;DALLY&lt;/name&gt;
  &lt;packaging&gt;war&lt;/packaging&gt;
  &lt;version&gt;9.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT&lt;/version&gt;
  &lt;properties&gt;
      &lt;java-version&gt;1.7&lt;/java-version&gt;
      &lt;org.springframework-version&gt;3.2.5.RELEASE&lt;/org.springframework-version&gt;
      &lt;org.aspectj-version&gt;1.6.10&lt;/org.aspectj-version&gt;
      &lt;org.slf4j-version&gt;1.6.6&lt;/org.slf4j-version&gt;
  &lt;/properties&gt;
  &lt;dependencies&gt;
      &lt;!-- Spring --&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-context&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;${org.springframework-version}&lt;/version&gt;
          &lt;exclusions&gt;
              &lt;!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j --&gt;
              &lt;exclusion&gt;
                  &lt;groupId&gt;commons-logging&lt;/groupId&gt;
                  &lt;artifactId&gt;commons-logging&lt;/artifactId&gt;
               &lt;/exclusion&gt;
          &lt;/exclusions&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-webmvc&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;${org.springframework-version}&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
  
      &lt;!-- AspectJ --&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.aspectj&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;aspectjrt&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;${org.aspectj-version}&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;   
  
      &lt;!-- Logging --&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.slf4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;slf4j-api&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;${org.slf4j-version}&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.slf4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;jcl-over-slf4j&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;${org.slf4j-version}&lt;/version&gt;
          &lt;scope&gt;runtime&lt;/scope&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.slf4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;slf4j-log4j12&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;${org.slf4j-version}&lt;/version&gt;
          &lt;scope&gt;runtime&lt;/scope&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;log4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;log4j&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;1.2.15&lt;/version&gt;
          &lt;exclusions&gt;
              &lt;exclusion&gt;
                  &lt;groupId&gt;javax.mail&lt;/groupId&gt;
                  &lt;artifactId&gt;mail&lt;/artifactId&gt;
              &lt;/exclusion&gt;
              &lt;exclusion&gt;
                  &lt;groupId&gt;javax.jms&lt;/groupId&gt;
                  &lt;artifactId&gt;jms&lt;/artifactId&gt;
              &lt;/exclusion&gt;
              &lt;exclusion&gt;
                  &lt;groupId&gt;com.sun.jdmk&lt;/groupId&gt;
                  &lt;artifactId&gt;jmxtools&lt;/artifactId&gt;
              &lt;/exclusion&gt;
              &lt;exclusion&gt;
                  &lt;groupId&gt;com.sun.jmx&lt;/groupId&gt;
                  &lt;artifactId&gt;jmxri&lt;/artifactId&gt;
              &lt;/exclusion&gt;
          &lt;/exclusions&gt;
          &lt;scope&gt;runtime&lt;/scope&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.slf4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;jcl-over-slf4j&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;1.6.6&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.slf4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;slf4j-jdk14&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;1.6.6&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
  
      &lt;!-- @Inject --&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;javax.inject&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;javax.inject&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;1&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
  
      &lt;!-- Servlet --&gt;
  
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;javax&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;javaee-web-api&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;6.0&lt;/version&gt;
          &lt;scope&gt;provided&lt;/scope&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
  
      &lt;!-- Test --&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;junit&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;junit&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;4.7&lt;/version&gt;
          &lt;scope&gt;test&lt;/scope&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.security&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-security-web&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.0.2.RELEASE&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;com.google.code.simple-spring-memcached&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;xmemcached-provider&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.2.1&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
  
      &lt;!-- Tiles ************************************************************ --&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.tiles&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;tiles-extras&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.0.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.tiles&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;tiles-servlet&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.0.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.tiles&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;tiles-jsp&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.0.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.tiles&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;tiles-core&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.0.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.tiles&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;tiles-api&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.0.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.tiles&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;tiles-template&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.0.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.tiles&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;tiles-request-api&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;1.0.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;commons-digester&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;commons-digester&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;2.0&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;commons-beanutils&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;commons-beanutils&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;1.8.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;ognl&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;ognl&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;2.7.3&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.velocity&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;velocity-tools&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;2.0&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.freemarker&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;freemarker&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;2.3.15&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.mvel&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;mvel2&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;2.0.11&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
  
      &lt;!-- Encryption ************************************************************ --&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.jasypt&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;jasypt&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;1.9.1&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;com.ibm.icu&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;icu4j&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.4.4&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
  
      &lt;!-- Mail ************************************************************ --&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;javax.mail&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;mail&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;1.4.5&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
      &lt;dependency&gt;
          &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework&lt;/groupId&gt;
          &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-context-support&lt;/artifactId&gt;
          &lt;version&gt;3.1.2.RELEASE&lt;/version&gt;
      &lt;/dependency&gt;
  
  &lt;/dependencies&gt;
  &lt;build&gt;
      &lt;plugins&gt;
          &lt;plugin&gt;
              &lt;artifactId&gt;maven-eclipse-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
              &lt;version&gt;2.9&lt;/version&gt;
              &lt;configuration&gt;
                  &lt;additionalProjectnatures&gt;
                      &lt;projectnature&gt;org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature&lt;/projectnature&gt;
                  &lt;/additionalProjectnatures&gt;
                  &lt;additionalBuildcommands&gt;
                      &lt;buildcommand&gt;org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder&lt;/buildcommand&gt;
                  &lt;/additionalBuildcommands&gt;
                  &lt;downloadSources&gt;true&lt;/downloadSources&gt;
                  &lt;downloadJavadocs&gt;true&lt;/downloadJavadocs&gt;
              &lt;/configuration&gt;
          &lt;/plugin&gt;
          &lt;plugin&gt;
              &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&lt;/groupId&gt;
              &lt;artifactId&gt;maven-compiler-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
              &lt;version&gt;2.5.1&lt;/version&gt;
              &lt;configuration&gt;
                  &lt;source&gt;1.7&lt;/source&gt;
                  &lt;target&gt;1.7&lt;/target&gt;
                  &lt;compilerArgument&gt;-Xlint:all&lt;/compilerArgument&gt;
                  &lt;showWarnings&gt;true&lt;/showWarnings&gt;
                  &lt;showDeprecation&gt;true&lt;/showDeprecation&gt;
              &lt;/configuration&gt;
          &lt;/plugin&gt;
          &lt;plugin&gt;
              &lt;groupId&gt;org.codehaus.mojo&lt;/groupId&gt;
              &lt;artifactId&gt;exec-maven-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
              &lt;version&gt;1.2.1&lt;/version&gt;
              &lt;configuration&gt;
                  &lt;mainClass&gt;org.test.int1.Main&lt;/mainClass&gt;
              &lt;/configuration&gt;
          &lt;/plugin&gt;
      &lt;/plugins&gt;
  &lt;/build&gt;
  &lt;organization&gt;
      &lt;name&gt;CSSDRW&lt;/name&gt;
      &lt;url&gt;http://www.cssdrw.org/&lt;/url&gt;
  &lt;/organization&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p></p>