title: Why does installation of R package fftwtools fail after successful installation of FFTW 3.3.10 on Ubuntu 20.04?
body: <p>My goal is to install R package &quot;fftwtools&quot; on my computer equipped with Ubuntu 20.04 as the only OS.  After reading previous postings on stackoverflow, I installed the latest version of fftw (3.3.10), including the development version using</p>
  <pre><code>sudo apt-get install fftw3-dev
  </code></pre>
  <p>I can see the library files in /usr/local/lib as follows:</p>
  <pre><code>dorazio@toucan:/usr/local/lib$ ls -la
  total 3640
  drwxr-xr-x  7 root root     4096 Feb 27 10:53 .
  drwxr-xr-x 10 root root     4096 Apr 27  2018 ..
  drwxr-xr-x  3 root root     4096 Feb 27 10:52 cmake
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root  3581658 Feb 27 10:52 libfftw3.a
  -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root      888 Feb 27 10:52 libfftw3.la
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root    46990 Feb 27 10:53 libfftw3_omp.a
  -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root      936 Feb 27 10:53 libfftw3_omp.la
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root    52098 Feb 27 10:53 libfftw3_threads.a
  -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root      948 Feb 27 10:53 libfftw3_threads.la
  drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     4096 Feb 27 10:52 pkgconfig
  drwxrwsr-x  4 root staff    4096 Mar 13  2021 python2.7
  drwxrwsr-x  3 root staff    4096 Aug  3  2020 python3.8
  drwxrwsr-x  3 root staff    4096 May 26  2018 R
  </code></pre>
  <p>However, I get the following error message when attempting to install R package fftwtools:</p>
  <pre><code>R version 4.1.2 (2021-11-01) -- &quot;Bird Hippie&quot;
  Copyright (C) 2021 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
  Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
  
  R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
  You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
  Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
  
    Natural language support but running in an English locale
  
  R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
  Type 'contributors()' for more information and
  'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
  
  Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
  'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
  Type 'q()' to quit R.
  
  &gt; 
  &gt; install.packages('fftwtools')
  Installing package into ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’
  (as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
  trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/fftwtools_0.9-11.tar.gz'
  Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 174321 bytes (170 KB)
  ==================================================
  downloaded 170 KB
  
  * installing *source* package ‘fftwtools’ ...
  ** package ‘fftwtools’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
  ** using staged installation
  checking for gcc... gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11
  checking whether the C compiler works... yes
  checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
  checking for suffix of executables... 
  checking whether we are cross compiling... no
  checking for suffix of object files... o
  checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
  checking whether gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11 accepts -g... yes
  checking for gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11 option to accept ISO C89... none needed
  checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11 -E
  checking for gcc... (cached) gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11
  checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... (cached) yes
  checking whether gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11 accepts -g... (cached) yes
  checking for gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11 option to accept ISO C89... (cached) none needed
  checking for pkg-config... yes
  configure: creating ./config.status
  config.status: creating src/Makevars
  
  fftwtools 0.9-10
  ================
  
  compiler flags: -I/usr/local/include 
  link argument:  -L/usr/local/lib -lfftw3 
  
  ** libs
  gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11 -I&quot;/usr/share/R/include&quot; -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include        -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-i2PIHO/r-base-4.1.2=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c fftwtools.c -o fftwtools.o
  gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11 -I&quot;/usr/share/R/include&quot; -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include        -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-i2PIHO/r-base-4.1.2=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c fftwtools_init.c -o fftwtools_init.o
  gcc -std=gnu99 -std=gnu11 -shared -L/usr/lib/R/lib -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -o fftwtools.so fftwtools.o fftwtools_init.o -L/usr/local/lib -lfftw3 -L/usr/lib/R/lib -lR
  /usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libfftw3.a(assert.o): relocation R_X86_64_PC32 against symbol `stdout@@GLIBC_2.2.5' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
  /usr/bin/ld: final link failed: bad value
  collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
  make: *** [/usr/share/R/share/make/shlib.mk:10: fftwtools.so] Error 1
  ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘fftwtools’
  * removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/fftwtools’
  
  The downloaded source packages are in
      ‘/tmp/Rtmp4FsjOe/downloaded_packages’
  Warning message:
  In install.packages(&quot;fftwtools&quot;) :
    installation of package ‘fftwtools’ had non-zero exit status
  &gt; 
  </code></pre>
  <p>In response to Karim's suggestion, I built the fftw from tarball fftw-3.3.10.tar.gz as follows:</p>
  <pre><code>./configure --enable-threads --enable-openmp --enable-avx
  make
  make install
  </code></pre>
  <p>This created several libfftw3*.* files in /usr/local/lib :</p>
  <pre><code>drwxr-xr-x  7 root root     4096 Feb 27 10:53 .
  drwxr-xr-x 10 root root     4096 Apr 27  2018 ..
  drwxr-xr-x  3 root root     4096 Feb 27 10:52 cmake
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root  3581658 Feb 27 10:52 libfftw3.a
  -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root      888 Feb 27 10:52 libfftw3.la
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root    46990 Feb 27 10:53 libfftw3_omp.a
  -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root      936 Feb 27 10:53 libfftw3_omp.la
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root    52098 Feb 27 10:53 libfftw3_threads.a
  -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root      948 Feb 27 10:53 libfftw3_threads.la
  drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     4096 Feb 27 10:52 pkgconfig
  drwxrwsr-x  4 root staff    4096 Mar 13  2021 python2.7
  drwxrwsr-x  3 root staff    4096 Aug  3  2020 python3.8
  drwxrwsr-x  3 root staff    4096 May 26  2018 R
  </code></pre>
  <p>Then I attempted to install fftwtools from CRAN, but this produced the same error messaged that prompted my original posting.</p>