title: What are Python's equivalent of Javascript's reduce(), map(), and filter()?
body: <p>What are Python's equivalent of the following (Javascript):</p>
  
  <pre><code>function wordParts (currentPart, lastPart) {
      return currentPart+lastPart;
  }
  
  word = ['Che', 'mis', 'try'];
  console.log(word.reduce(wordParts))
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>and this:</p>
  
  <pre><code>var places = [
      {name: 'New York City', state: 'New York'},
      {name: 'Oklahoma City', state: 'Oklahoma'},
      {name: 'Albany', state: 'New York'},
      {name: 'Long Island', state: 'New York'},
  ]
  
  var newYork = places.filter(function(x) { return x.state === 'New York'})
  console.log(newYork)
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>lastly, this:</p>
  
  <pre><code>function greeting(name) {
      console.log('Hello ' + name + '. How are you today?');
  }
  names = ['Abby', 'Cabby', 'Babby', 'Mabby'];
  
  var greet = names.map(greeting)
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>Thanks all!</p>