Coin Change
<p>You are given an integer array <code>coins</code> representing coins of different denominations and an integer <code>amount</code> representing a total amount of money.</p>

<p>Return <em>the fewest number of coins that you need to make up that amount</em>. If that amount of money cannot be made up by any combination of the coins, return <code>-1</code>.</p>

<p>You may assume that you have an infinite number of each kind of coin.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> coins = [1,2,5], amount = 11
<strong>Output:</strong> 3
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 11 = 5 + 5 + 1
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> coins = [2], amount = 3
<strong>Output:</strong> -1
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 3:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> coins = [1], amount = 0
<strong>Output:</strong> 0
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= coins.length &lt;= 12</code></li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= coins[i] &lt;= 2<sup>31</sup> - 1</code></li>
	<li><code>0 &lt;= amount &lt;= 10<sup>4</sup></code></li>
</ul>
Breadth-First Search; Array; Dynamic Programming
func coinChange(coins []int, amount int) int {
	m, n := len(coins), amount
	f := make([][]int, m+1)
	const inf = 1 << 30
	for i := range f {
		f[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		for j := range f[i] {
			f[i][j] = inf
		}
	}
	f[0][0] = 0
	for i := 1; i <= m; i++ {
		for j := 0; j <= n; j++ {
			f[i][j] = f[i-1][j]
			if j >= coins[i-1] {
				f[i][j] = min(f[i][j], f[i][j-coins[i-1]]+1)
			}
		}
	}
	if f[m][n] > n {
		return -1
	}
	return f[m][n]
}