Perfect Squares
<p>Given an integer <code>n</code>, return <em>the least number of perfect square numbers that sum to</em> <code>n</code>.</p>

<p>A <strong>perfect square</strong> is an integer that is the square of an integer; in other words, it is the product of some integer with itself. For example, <code>1</code>, <code>4</code>, <code>9</code>, and <code>16</code> are perfect squares while <code>3</code> and <code>11</code> are not.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> n = 12
<strong>Output:</strong> 3
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 12 = 4 + 4 + 4.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> n = 13
<strong>Output:</strong> 2
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 13 = 4 + 9.
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= n &lt;= 10<sup>4</sup></code></li>
</ul>
Breadth-First Search; Math; Dynamic Programming
func numSquares(n int) int {
	m := int(math.Sqrt(float64(n)))
	f := make([][]int, m+1)
	const inf = 1 << 30
	for i := range f {
		f[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		for j := range f[i] {
			f[i][j] = inf
		}
	}
	f[0][0] = 0
	for i := 1; i <= m; i++ {
		for j := 0; j <= n; j++ {
			f[i][j] = f[i-1][j]
			if j >= i*i {
				f[i][j] = min(f[i][j], f[i][j-i*i]+1)
			}
		}
	}
	return f[m][n]
}