Find All Possible Stable Binary Arrays II
<p>You are given 3 positive integers <code>zero</code>, <code>one</code>, and <code>limit</code>.</p>

<p>A <span data-keyword="binary-array">binary array</span> <code>arr</code> is called <strong>stable</strong> if:</p>

<ul>
	<li>The number of occurrences of 0 in <code>arr</code> is <strong>exactly </strong><code>zero</code>.</li>
	<li>The number of occurrences of 1 in <code>arr</code> is <strong>exactly</strong> <code>one</code>.</li>
	<li>Each <span data-keyword="subarray-nonempty">subarray</span> of <code>arr</code> with a size greater than <code>limit</code> must contain <strong>both </strong>0 and 1.</li>
</ul>

<p>Return the <em>total</em> number of <strong>stable</strong> binary arrays.</p>

<p>Since the answer may be very large, return it <strong>modulo</strong> <code>10<sup>9</sup> + 7</code>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<div class="example-block">
<p><strong>Input:</strong> <span class="example-io">zero = 1, one = 1, limit = 2</span></p>

<p><strong>Output:</strong> <span class="example-io">2</span></p>

<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>

<p>The two possible stable binary arrays are <code>[1,0]</code> and <code>[0,1]</code>.</p>
</div>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<div class="example-block">
<p><strong>Input:</strong> <span class="example-io">zero = 1, one = 2, limit = 1</span></p>

<p><strong>Output:</strong> <span class="example-io">1</span></p>

<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>

<p>The only possible stable binary array is <code>[1,0,1]</code>.</p>
</div>

<p><strong class="example">Example 3:</strong></p>

<div class="example-block">
<p><strong>Input:</strong> <span class="example-io">zero = 3, one = 3, limit = 2</span></p>

<p><strong>Output:</strong> <span class="example-io">14</span></p>

<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>

<p>All the possible stable binary arrays are <code>[0,0,1,0,1,1]</code>, <code>[0,0,1,1,0,1]</code>, <code>[0,1,0,0,1,1]</code>, <code>[0,1,0,1,0,1]</code>, <code>[0,1,0,1,1,0]</code>, <code>[0,1,1,0,0,1]</code>, <code>[0,1,1,0,1,0]</code>, <code>[1,0,0,1,0,1]</code>, <code>[1,0,0,1,1,0]</code>, <code>[1,0,1,0,0,1]</code>, <code>[1,0,1,0,1,0]</code>, <code>[1,0,1,1,0,0]</code>, <code>[1,1,0,0,1,0]</code>, and <code>[1,1,0,1,0,0]</code>.</p>
</div>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= zero, one, limit &lt;= 1000</code></li>
</ul>
Dynamic Programming; Prefix Sum
class Solution:
    def numberOfStableArrays(self, zero: int, one: int, limit: int) -> int:
        @cache
        def dfs(i: int, j: int, k: int) -> int:
            if i == 0:
                return int(k == 1 and j <= limit)
            if j == 0:
                return int(k == 0 and i <= limit)
            if k == 0:
                return (
                    dfs(i - 1, j, 0)
                    + dfs(i - 1, j, 1)
                    - (0 if i - limit - 1 < 0 else dfs(i - limit - 1, j, 1))
                )
            return (
                dfs(i, j - 1, 0)
                + dfs(i, j - 1, 1)
                - (0 if j - limit - 1 < 0 else dfs(i, j - limit - 1, 0))
            )

        mod = 10**9 + 7
        ans = (dfs(zero, one, 0) + dfs(zero, one, 1)) % mod
        dfs.cache_clear()
        return ans
