Beautiful Arrangement
<p>Suppose you have <code>n</code> integers labeled <code>1</code> through <code>n</code>. A permutation of those <code>n</code> integers <code>perm</code> (<strong>1-indexed</strong>) is considered a <strong>beautiful arrangement</strong> if for every <code>i</code> (<code>1 &lt;= i &lt;= n</code>), <strong>either</strong> of the following is true:</p>

<ul>
	<li><code>perm[i]</code> is divisible by <code>i</code>.</li>
	<li><code>i</code> is divisible by <code>perm[i]</code>.</li>
</ul>

<p>Given an integer <code>n</code>, return <em>the <strong>number</strong> of the <strong>beautiful arrangements</strong> that you can construct</em>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> n = 2
<strong>Output:</strong> 2
<b>Explanation:</b> 
The first beautiful arrangement is [1,2]:
    - perm[1] = 1 is divisible by i = 1
    - perm[2] = 2 is divisible by i = 2
The second beautiful arrangement is [2,1]:
    - perm[1] = 2 is divisible by i = 1
    - i = 2 is divisible by perm[2] = 1
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> n = 1
<strong>Output:</strong> 1
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= n &lt;= 15</code></li>
</ul>
Bit Manipulation; Array; Dynamic Programming; Backtracking; Bitmask
class Solution {
public:
    int n;
    int ans;
    vector<bool> vis;
    unordered_map<int, vector<int>> match;

    int countArrangement(int n) {
        this->n = n;
        this->ans = 0;
        vis.resize(n + 1);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
            for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j)
                if (i % j == 0 || j % i == 0)
                    match[i].push_back(j);
        dfs(1);
        return ans;
    }

    void dfs(int i) {
        if (i == n + 1) {
            ++ans;
            return;
        }
        for (int j : match[i]) {
            if (!vis[j]) {
                vis[j] = true;
                dfs(i + 1);
                vis[j] = false;
            }
        }
    }
};