Shortest Palindrome
<p>You are given a string <code>s</code>. You can convert <code>s</code> to a <span data-keyword="palindrome-string">palindrome</span> by adding characters in front of it.</p>

<p>Return <em>the shortest palindrome you can find by performing this transformation</em>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>
<pre><strong>Input:</strong> s = "aacecaaa"
<strong>Output:</strong> "aaacecaaa"
</pre><p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>
<pre><strong>Input:</strong> s = "abcd"
<strong>Output:</strong> "dcbabcd"
</pre>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>0 &lt;= s.length &lt;= 5 * 10<sup>4</sup></code></li>
	<li><code>s</code> consists of lowercase English letters only.</li>
</ul>
String; String Matching; Hash Function; Rolling Hash
impl Solution {
    pub fn shortest_palindrome(s: String) -> String {
        let base = 131;
        let (mut idx, mut prefix, mut suffix, mut mul) = (0, 0, 0, 1);
        for (i, c) in s.chars().enumerate() {
            let t = (c as u64) - ('0' as u64) + 1;
            prefix = prefix * base + t;
            suffix = suffix + t * mul;
            mul *= base;
            if prefix == suffix {
                idx = i + 1;
            }
        }
        if idx == s.len() {
            s
        } else {
            let x: String = (&s[idx..]).chars().rev().collect();
            String::from(x + &s)
        }
    }
}
