Kth Smallest Amount With Single Denomination Combination
<p>You are given an integer array <code>coins</code> representing coins of different denominations and an integer <code>k</code>.</p>

<p>You have an infinite number of coins of each denomination. However, you are <strong>not allowed</strong> to combine coins of different denominations.</p>

<p>Return the <code>k<sup>th</sup></code> <strong>smallest</strong> amount that can be made using these coins.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<div class="example-block" style="
    border-color: var(--border-tertiary);
    border-left-width: 2px;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: .875rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    overflow: visible;
    padding-left: 1rem;
">
<p><strong>Input:</strong> <span class="example-io" style="
    font-family: Menlo,sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
">coins = [3,6,9], k = 3</span></p>

<p><strong>Output:</strong> <span class="example-io" style="
    font-family: Menlo,sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
"> 9</span></p>

<p><strong>Explanation:</strong> The given coins can make the following amounts:<br />
Coin 3 produces multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, etc.<br />
Coin 6 produces multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, etc.<br />
Coin 9 produces multiples of 9: 9, 18, 27, 36, etc.<br />
All of the coins combined produce: 3, 6, <u><strong>9</strong></u>, 12, 15, etc.</p>
</div>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<div class="example-block" style="
    border-color: var(--border-tertiary);
    border-left-width: 2px;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: .875rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    overflow: visible;
    padding-left: 1rem;
">
<p><strong>Input:</strong><span class="example-io" style="
    font-family: Menlo,sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
"> coins = [5,2], k = 7</span></p>

<p><strong>Output:</strong><span class="example-io" style="
    font-family: Menlo,sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
"> 12 </span></p>

<p><strong>Explanation:</strong> The given coins can make the following amounts:<br />
Coin 5 produces multiples of 5: 5, 10, 15, 20, etc.<br />
Coin 2 produces multiples of 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, etc.<br />
All of the coins combined produce: 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, <u><strong>12</strong></u>, 14, 15, etc.</p>
</div>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= coins.length &lt;= 15</code></li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= coins[i] &lt;= 25</code></li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= k &lt;= 2 * 10<sup>9</sup></code></li>
	<li><code>coins</code> contains pairwise distinct integers.</li>
</ul>
Bit Manipulation; Array; Math; Binary Search; Combinatorics; Number Theory
func findKthSmallest(coins []int, k int) int64 {
	var r int = 1e11
	n := len(coins)
	ans := sort.Search(r, func(mx int) bool {
		cnt := 0
		for i := 1; i < 1<<n; i++ {
			v := 1
			for j, x := range coins {
				if i>>j&1 == 1 {
					v = lcm(v, x)
					if v > mx {
						break
					}
				}
			}
			m := bits.OnesCount(uint(i))
			if m%2 == 1 {
				cnt += mx / v
			} else {
				cnt -= mx / v
			}
		}
		return cnt >= k
	})
	return int64(ans)
}

func gcd(a, b int) int {
	if b == 0 {
		return a
	}
	return gcd(b, a%b)
}

func lcm(a, b int) int {
	return a * b / gcd(a, b)
}