Тијеле
Тијеле (), такође познати као Чиле () и Гаоче (), назив је за номадски народ који је живео у степама северне Кине и централне Азије, и први пут се појавио након распада Ксијонгну конфедерације. Кинески извори их сматрају истоветнима са ранијим народом Динглинг.

Референце

Примарне референце 

Sima Guang (1985). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.27). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1986). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.30). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1987). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.38). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1987). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.41). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1987). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.42). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1988). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.46). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1988). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.47). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1988). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.48). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1989). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.50). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .

Секундарне референце 

Duan, Lianqin (1988). "Dingling, Gaoju and Tiele". Shanghai: Shanghai People's Press. .
Li, Jihe (2003). "A Research on Migration of Northwestern Minorities Between pre-Qin to Sui and Tang". Beijing: Nationalities Press. .
Lu, Simian [1934] (1996). "A History of Ethnic Groups in China". Beijing: Oriental Press. .
Pulleyblank, Edwin G (2002). "Central Asia and Non-Chinese Peoples of Ancient China". Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing. .
Trever, Camilla (1932). "Excavations in Northern Mongolia (1924-1925)". Leningrad: J. Fedorov Printing House. OCLC 2566311.
Shen, Youliang (1998). "A Research on Northern Ethnic Groups and Regimes". Beijing: Central Nationalities University Press. .
Suribadalaha (1986). "New Studies of the Origins of the Mongols". Beijing: Nationalities Press. OCLC 19390448.
Wang, Xiaofu (1992). "Political Relationship Between the Chinese, Tibetan and Arab". Beijing: Peking University Press. .
Xue, Zongzheng (1992). "A History of Turks". Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Press. .
Zhang, Bibo, and Dong, Guoyao (2001). "Cultural History of Ancient Northern Ethnic Groups in China". Harbin: Heilongjiang People's Press. .
The Peoples of the West, University of Washington, from the Weilue, by Yu Huan

Туркијски народи
Тијеле ( ) , такође познати као Чиле ( ) и Гаоче ( ) , назив је за номадски народ који је живео у степама северне Кине и централне Азије , и први пут се појавио након распада Ксијонгну конфедерације . Кинески извори их сматрају истоветнима са ранијим народом Динглинг . Референце Примарне референце Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.27 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.30 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.38 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.41 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.42 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.46 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.47 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.48 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Sima Guang A Translation ( in Vernacular Chinese ) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang ( Vol.50 ) . Taipei : Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd . \ . Секундарне референце Duan , Lianqin " Dingling , Gaoju and Tiele " . Shanghai : Shanghai People's Press . \ . Li , Jihe " A Research on Migration of Northwestern Minorities Between pre-Qin to Sui and Tang " . Beijing : Nationalities Press . \ . Lu , Simian [ 1934 ] " A History of Ethnic Groups in China " . Beijing : Oriental Press . \ . Pulleyblank , Edwin G " Central Asia and Non-Chinese Peoples of Ancient China " . Aldershot : Ashgate Publishing . \ . Trever , Camilla " Excavations in Northern Mongolia . Leningrad : J. Fedorov Printing House . OCLC Shen , Youliang " A Research on Northern Ethnic Groups and Regimes " . Beijing : Central Nationalities University Press . \ . Suribadalaha " New Studies of the Origins of the Mongols " . Beijing : Nationalities Press . OCLC Wang , Xiaofu " Political Relationship Between the Chinese , Tibetan and Arab " . Beijing : Peking University Press . \ . Xue , Zongzheng " A History of Turks " . Beijing : Chinese Social Sciences Press . \ . Zhang , Bibo , and Dong , Guoyao " Cultural History of Ancient Northern Ethnic Groups in China " . Harbin : Heilongjiang People's Press . \ . The Peoples of the West , University of Washington , from the Weilue , by Yu Huan Туркијски народи