Nacionalna medalja znanosti
Nacionalna medalja znanosti () je ameriško priznanje, ki ga podeljuje predsednik Združenih držav Amerike posameznikom, ki so bistveno prispevali k fiziki, biologiji, matematiki, inženirstvu, družboslovju ali vedenjskim znanostim. Nagrajence izbira dvanajstčlanski odbor Nacionalne znanstvene fundacije (NSF).

Prvo nacionalno medaljo znanosti je leta 1963 podelil John F. Kennedy, prejel jo je Theodore von Kármán za svoje delo v aeronavtiki. Do leta 2009 je nagrado prejelo 458 znanstvenikov in inženirjev, med njimi 88 prejemnikov Nobelove nagrade.

Seznam prejemnikov

Biologija
1963	Cornelius Van Niel
1964   Marshall W. Nirenberg
1965	Francis P. Rous, George G. Simpson, Donald D. Van Slyke
1966	Edward F. Knipling, Fritz Albert Lipmann, William C. Rose, Sewall Wright
1967	Kenneth S. Cole, Harry F. Harlow, Michael Heidelberger, Alfred H. Sturtevant
1968	H. A. Barker, Bernard B. Brodie, Detlev W. Bronk, Jay Lush, Burrhus Frederic Skinner
1969	Robert J. Huebner, Ernst Mayr
1970	Barbara McClintock, Albert B. Sabin
1973	Daniel I. Arnon, Earl W. Sutherland, Jr.
1974	Britton Chance, Erwin Chargaff, James Van Gundia Neel, James Augustine Shannon
1975	Hallowell Davis, Paul Gyorgy, Sterling Brown Hendricks, Orville Alvin Vogel
1976	Roger Guillemin, Keith Roberts Porter, Efraim Racker, Edward O. Wilson
1979	Robert H. Burris, Elizabeth C. Crosby, Earl Reece Stadtman, George Ledyard Stebbins, Paul A. Weiss
1981	Philip Handler
1982	Seymour Benzer, Glenn W. Burton, Mildred Cohn
1983	Howard L. Bachrach, Paul Berg, Wendell L. Roelofs, Berta Scharrer
1986	Stanley Cohen, Donald A. Henderson, Vernon B. Mountcastle, George Emil Palade, Joan A. Steitz
1987	Michael E. Debakey, Theodor O. Diener, Harry Eagle, Har Gobind Khorana, Rita Levi-Montalcini
1988	Michael S. Brown, Stanley N. Cohen, Joseph L. Goldstein, Maurice R. Hilleman, Eric R. Kandel, Rosalyn S. Yalow
1989	Katherine Esau, Viktor Hamburger, Philip Leder, Joshua Lederberg, Roger W. Sperry, Harland G. Wood
1990	Baruj Benacerraf, Herbert W. Boyer, Daniel E. Koshland, Jr., Edward B. Lewis, David G. Nathan, E. Donnall Thomas
1991	Mary Ellen Avery, G. Evelyn Hutchinson, Elvin A. Kabat, Salvador E. Luria, Paul A. Marks, Folke K Skoog, Paul C. Zamecnik
1992	Maxine Singer, Howard M. Temin
1993	Daniel Nathans, Salome G. Waelsch
1994	Thomas Eisner, Elizabeth F. Neufeld
1995	Alexander Rich
1996	Ruth Patrick
1997	James D. Watson, Robert A. Weinberg
1998	Bruce Ames, Janet Rowley
1999	David Baltimore, Jared Diamond, Lynn Margulis
2000	Nancy C. Andreasen, Peter H. Raven, Carl Woese
2001	Francisco J. Ayala, Mario R. Capecchi, Ann M. Graybiel, Gene E. Likens, Victor A. McKusick, Harold Varmus
2002	James E. Darnell, Evelyn M. Witkin
2003   J. Michael Bishop, Solomon H. Snyder, Charles Yanofsky
2004   Norman E. Borlaug, Phillip A. Sharp, Thomas E. Starzl
2005   Anthony Fauci, Torsten N. Wiesel
2006   Rita R. Colwell, Nina Fedoroff, Lubert Stryer
2007   Robert J. Lefkowitz, Bert W. O'Malley
2008   Francis S. Collins, Elaine Fuchs, J. Craig Venter
2009   Susan L. Lindquist, Stanley B. Prusiner
2010   Ralph L. Brinster, Rudolf Jaenisch
2011   Lucy Shapiro, Leroy Hood, Sallie Chisholm
2012   May Berenbaum, Bruce Alberts
2013   Rakesh K. Jain
2014   Stanley Falkow, Mary-Claire King, Simon Levin

Fizikalne znanosti 
1963	Luis Walter Alvarez
1964	Julian Seymour Schwinger
1965	John Bardeen, Leon Max Lederman, William Rubey
1966	Jacob Bjerknes, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, John Hasbrouck Van Vleck
1967	Jesse Beams, Francis Birch, Gregory Breit, Louis Hammett
1968	Herbert Friedman, Eugene Paul Wigner
1969	Herbert C. Brown, Wolfgang Panofsky
1970	Robert Henry Dicke, Allan Rex Sandage, John Clarke Slater, John Archibald Wheeler
1973	Maurice Ewing, Arie Jan Haagen-Smit, Frederick Seitz, Robert Rathbun Wilson
1974	Nicolaas Bloembergen, William Alfred Fowler
1975	Hans A. Bethe, Joseph Hirschfelder, Lewis Sarett, E. Bright Wilson, Chien-Shiung Wu
1976	Samuel Goudsmit, Herbert S. Gutowsky, Frederick Rossini, Verner Suomi, Henry Taube, George Eugene Uhlenbeck
1979	Richard Phillips Feynman, Herman Mark, Edward Mills Purcell, John Sinfelt, Lyman Spitzer, Victor F. Weisskopf
1982	Philip Warren Anderson, Joičiro Nambu, Edward Teller, Charles Hard Townes
1983	E. Margaret Burbidge, Maurice Goldhaber, Helmut Landsberg, Walter Munk, Frederick Reines, Bruno B. Rossi, J. Robert Schrieffer
1986	Solomon Buchsbaum, Horace Crane, Herman Feshbach, Robert Hofstadter, Chen Ning Franklin Yang
1987	Philip Abelson, Walter Elsasser, Paul Christian Lauterbur, George Pake, James Alfred Van Allen
1988	D. Allan Bromley, Paul (Ching-Wu) Chu, Walter Kohn, Norman Foster Ramsey, Jack Steinberger
1989	Arnold O. Beckman, Eugene Newman Parker, Robert Sharp, Henry Stommel
1990	Allan M. Cormack, Edwin M. McMillan, Robert Pound, Roger Revelle
1991	Arthur L. Schawlow, Ed Stone, Steven Weinberg
1992	Eugene M. Shoemaker
1993	Val Fitch, Vera Cooper Rubin	
1994	Albert Overhauser, Frank Press
1995	Hans Dehmelt, Peter Goldreich
1996	Wallace S. Broecker
1997	Marshall Rosenbluth, Martin Schwarzschild, George Wetherill
1998	Don L. Anderson, John Norris Bahcall
1999	James Cronin, Leo Kadanoff
2000	Willis E. Lamb, Jeremiah Paul Ostriker, Gilbert F. White
2001	Marvin L. Cohen, Raymond Davis Jr., Charles Keeling
2002	Richard Garwin, W. Jason Morgan, Edward Witten
2003   G. Brent Dalrymple, Riccardo Giacconi
2004   Robert N. Clayton
2005   Ralph Asher Alpher, Lonnie Thompson
2006   Daniel Kleppner
2007   Fay Ajzenberg-Selove, Charles P. Slichter, David J. Wineland
2008   Berni Alder, James E. Gunn
2009   Yakir Aharonov, Esther M. Conwell, Warren M. Washington
2011   Sidney Drell, Sandra Faber, Sylvester James Gates
2012   Burton Richter, Sean C. Solomon
2014   Shirley Ann Jackson

Tehniške znanosti 
1962	Theodore von Kármán
1963	Vannevar Bush, John Robinson Pierce
1964   Charles S. Draper
1965	Hugh L. Dryden, Clarence L. Johnson, Warren K. Lewis
1966	Claude Elwood Shannon, Vladimir K. Zworykin
1967	Edwin H. Land, Igor I. Sikorsky
1968	J. Presper Eckert, Nathan M. Newmark
1969	Jack St. Clair Kilby
1970	George E. Mueller
1973	Harold E. Edgerton, Richard T. Whitcomb
1974	Rudolf Kompfner, Ralph Brazelton Peck, Abel Wolman
1975	Manson Benedict, William Hayward Pickering, Frederick E. Terman, Wernher Von Braun
1976	Morris Cohen, Peter C. Goldmark, Erwin Wilhelm Müller
1979	Emmett N. Leith, Raymond D. Mindlin, Robert N. Noyce, Earl R. Parker, Simon Ramo
1982	Edward H. Heinemann, Donald L. Katz
1983	William R. Hewlett, George M. Low, John G. Trump
1986	Hans Wolfgang Liepmann, T. Y. Lin, Bernard M. Oliver
1987	Robert B. Bird, H. Bolton Seed, Ernst Weber
1988	Daniel C. Drucker, Willis M. Hawkins, George W. Housner
1989	Harry George Drickamer, Herbert E. Grier
1990	Mildred S. Dresselhaus, Nick Holonyak mlajši
1991	George Heilmeier, Luna B. Leopold, H. Guyford Stever
1992	Calvin F. Quate, John Roy Whinnery
1993	Alfred Y. Cho
1994	Ray W. Clough
1995	Hermann A. Haus
1996	James L. Flanagan, C. Kumar N. Patel
1998	Eli Ruckenstein
1999	Kenneth N. Stevens
2000	Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
2001	Andreas Acrivos
2002	Leo Beranek
2003   John M. Prausnitz
2004   Edwin N. Lightfoot
2005   Jan D. Achenbach, Tobin J. Marks
2007   Andrew J. Viterbi
2008   Rudolf E. Kálmán
2009   Amnon Yariv
2010   Shu Chien
2011   John Goodenough
2012   Thomas Kailath

Kemija
1964   Roger Adams, Harold Clayton Urey, Robert Burns Woodward
1965   Peter Joseph William Debye
1966   Henry Eyring
1967   George Kistiakowsky
1968   Paul Bartlett, Lars Onsager
1970   Saul Winstein
1973   Carl Djerassi, Vladimir Haensel
1974   Paul Flory, Linus Carl Pauling, Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
1979   Arthur Kornberg, Severo Ochoa
1982	F. Albert Cotton, Gilbert Stork
1983	Roald Hoffmann, George C. Pimentel, Richard N. Zare
1986	Harry Gray, Yuan Tseh Lee, Carl S. Marvel, Frank H. Westheimer
1987	William S. Johnson, Walter H. Stockmayer, Max Tishler
1988	William O. Baker, Konrad Emil Bloch, Elias James Corey
1989	Richard B. Bernstein, Melvin Calvin, Rudoph A. Marcus, Harden M. McConnell
1990	Elkan Blout, Karl Folkers, John D. Roberts
1991	Ronald Breslow, Gertrude B. Elion, Dudley R. Herschbach, Glenn T. Seaborg
1992	Howard E. Simmons, Jr.
1993	Donald J. Cram, Norman Hackerman
1994	George S. Hammond
1995	Thomas Cech, Isabella L. Karle
1996	Norman Davidson
1997	Darleane C. Hoffman, Harold S. Johnston
1998	John W. Cahn, George M. Whitesides
1999	Stuart A. Rice, John Ross, Susan Solomon
2000	John D. Baldeschwieler, Ralph F. Hirschmann
2001	Ernest R. Davidson, Gabor A. Somorjai
2002	John I. Brauman
2004   Stephen J. Lippard
2006   Marvin H. Caruthers, Peter B. Dervan, Robert S. Langer
2007   Mostafa A. El-Sayed
2008   Joanna S. Fowler, JoAnne Stubbe
2009   Stephen J. Benkovic, Marye Anne Fox
2010   Jacqueline K. Barton, Peter J. Stang
2011   Allen J. Bard, M. Frederick Hawthorne
2012   Judith P. Klinman, Jerrold Meinwald
2013   Geraldine Richmond
2014   A. Paul Alivisatos

Matematika, statistika in računalništvo
1963	Norbert Wiener
1964   Solomon Lefschetz, H. Marston Morse
1965	Oscar Zariski
1966	John Willard Milnor
1967	Paul Joseph Cohen
1968	Jerzy Neyman
1969	William Feller
1970	Richard Brauer
1973	John Tukey
1974	Kurt Gödel
1975	John W. Backus, Shiing-Shen Chern, George B. Dantzig
1976	Kurt Otto Friedrichs, Hassler Whitney
1979	Joseph L. Doob, Donald Knuth
1982	Marshall Harvey Stone
1983	Herman Goldstine, Isadore Singer
1986	Peter Lax, Antoni Zygmund
1987	Raoul Bott, Michael Freedman
1988	Ralph E. Gomory, Joseph B. Keller
1989	Samuel Karlin, Saunders MacLane, Donald C. Spencer
1990	George F. Carrier, Stephen Cole Kleene, John McCarthy
1991	Alberto Calderón
1992	Allen Newell
1993	Martin Kruskal
1994	John Cocke
1995	Louis Nirenberg
1996	Richard M. Karp, Stephen Smale
1997	Šing-Tung Jau
1998	Cathleen Synge Morawetz
1999	Felix Browder, Ronald R. Coifman
2000	John Griggs Thompson, Karen K. Uhlenbeck
2001	Calyampudi R. Rao, Elias M. Stein
2002	James G. Glimm
2003   Carl R. de Boor
2004   Dennis P. Sullivan
2005   Bradley Efron
2006   Hyman Bass
2007   Leonard Kleinrock, Andrew J. Viterbi
2009   David B. Mumford
2010   Richard A. Tapia, Srinivasa S.R. Varadhan
2011   Solomon Wolf Golomb, Barry Mazur
2012   Alexandre Chorin, David Blackwell (posthumno)
2013   Michael Artin

Vedenjske znanosti in družboslovje
1964	Othmar H. Ammann, Theodosius Dobzhansky, Neal Elgar Miller
1986	Herbert A. Simon
1987	Anne Anastasi, George J. Stigler
1988	Milton Friedman
1989   Roger Wolcott Sperry
1990	Leonid Hurwicz, Patrick Suppes
1991	Robert W. Kates, George Armitage Miller
1992	Eleanor J. Gibson
1994	Robert K. Merton
1995	Roger N. Shepard
1996	Paul A. Samuelson
1997	William K. Estes
1998	William Julius Wilson
1999	Robert M. Solow
2000	Gary S. Becker
2001	George F. Bass
2003   R. Duncan Luce
2004   Kenneth J. Arrow
2005   Gordon H. Bower
2008   Michael I. Posner
2009   Mortimer Mishkin
2011   Anne Treisman
2012   Robert Axelrod
2014   Albert Bandura

Viri

Zunanje povezave 

 Uradna spletna stran

 
Nagrade, ustanovljene leta 1963
Nacionalna medalja znanosti ( ) je ameriško priznanje , ki ga podeljuje predsednik Združenih držav Amerike posameznikom , ki so bistveno prispevali k fiziki , biologiji , matematiki , inženirstvu , družboslovju ali vedenjskim znanostim . Nagrajence izbira dvanajstčlanski odbor Nacionalne znanstvene fundacije ( NSF ) . Prvo nacionalno medaljo znanosti je letapodelil John F. Kennedy , prejel jo je Theodore von Kármán za svoje delo v aeronavtiki . Do letaje nagrado prejeloznanstvenikov in inženirjev , med njimiprejemnikov Nobelove nagrade . Seznam prejemnikov Biologija 1963 Cornelius Van Niel 1964 Marshall W. Nirenberg 1965 Francis P. Rous , George G. Simpson , Donald D. Van Slyke 1966 Edward F. Knipling , Fritz Albert Lipmann , William C. Rose , Sewall Wright 1967 Kenneth S. Cole , Harry F. Harlow , Michael Heidelberger , Alfred H. Sturtevant 1968 H. A. Barker , Bernard B. Brodie , Detlev W. Bronk , Jay Lush , Burrhus Frederic Skinner 1969 Robert J. Huebner , Ernst Mayr 1970 Barbara McClintock , Albert B. Sabin 1973 Daniel I. Arnon , Earl W. Sutherland , Jr. 1974 Britton Chance , Erwin Chargaff , James Van Gundia Neel , James Augustine Shannon 1975 Hallowell Davis , Paul Gyorgy , Sterling Brown Hendricks , Orville Alvin Vogel 1976 Roger Guillemin , Keith Roberts Porter , Efraim Racker , Edward O. Wilson 1979 Robert H. Burris , Elizabeth C. Crosby , Earl Reece Stadtman , George Ledyard Stebbins , Paul A. Weiss 1981 Philip Handler 1982 Seymour Benzer , Glenn W. Burton , Mildred Cohn 1983 Howard L. Bachrach , Paul Berg , Wendell L. Roelofs , Berta Scharrer 1986 Stanley Cohen , Donald A. Henderson , Vernon B. Mountcastle , George Emil Palade , Joan A. Steitz 1987 Michael E. Debakey , Theodor O. Diener , Harry Eagle , Har Gobind Khorana , Rita Levi - Montalcini 1988 Michael S. Brown , Stanley N. Cohen , Joseph L. Goldstein , Maurice R. Hilleman , Eric R. Kandel , Rosalyn S. Yalow 1989 Katherine Esau , Viktor Hamburger , Philip Leder , Joshua Lederberg , Roger W. Sperry , Harland G. Wood 1990 Baruj Benacerraf , Herbert W. Boyer , Daniel E. Koshland , Jr . , Edward B. Lewis , David G. Nathan , E. Donnall Thomas 1991 Mary Ellen Avery , G. Evelyn Hutchinson , Elvin A. Kabat , Salvador E. Luria , Paul A. Marks , Folke K Skoog , Paul C. Zamecnik 1992 Maxine Singer , Howard M. Temin 1993 Daniel Nathans , Salome G. Waelsch 1994 Thomas Eisner , Elizabeth F. Neufeld 1995 Alexander Rich 1996 Ruth Patrick 1997 James D. Watson , Robert A. Weinberg 1998 Bruce Ames , Janet Rowley 1999 David Baltimore , Jared Diamond , Lynn Margulis 2000 Nancy C. Andreasen , Peter H. Raven , Carl Woese 2001 Francisco J. Ayala , Mario R. Capecchi , Ann M. Graybiel , Gene E. Likens , Victor A. McKusick , Harold Varmus 2002 James E. Darnell , Evelyn M. Witkin 2003 J. Michael Bishop , Solomon H. Snyder , Charles Yanofsky 2004 Norman E. Borlaug , Phillip A. Sharp , Thomas E. Starzl 2005 Anthony Fauci , Torsten N. Wiesel 2006 Rita R. Colwell , Nina Fedoroff , Lubert Stryer 2007 Robert J. Lefkowitz , Bert W. O'Malley 2008 Francis S. Collins , Elaine Fuchs , J. Craig Venter 2009 Susan L. Lindquist , Stanley B. Prusiner 2010 Ralph L. Brinster , Rudolf Jaenisch 2011 Lucy Shapiro , Leroy Hood , Sallie Chisholm 2012 May Berenbaum , Bruce Alberts 2013 Rakesh K. Jain 2014 Stanley Falkow , Mary - Claire King , Simon Levin Fizikalne znanosti 1963 Luis Walter Alvarez 1964 Julian Seymour Schwinger 1965 John Bardeen , Leon Max Lederman , William Rubey 1966 Jacob Bjerknes , Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar , John Hasbrouck Van Vleck 1967 Jesse Beams , Francis Birch , Gregory Breit , Louis Hammett 1968 Herbert Friedman , Eugene Paul Wigner 1969 Herbert C. Brown , Wolfgang Panofsky 1970 Robert Henry Dicke , Allan Rex Sandage , John Clarke Slater , John Archibald Wheeler 1973 Maurice Ewing , Arie Jan Haagen - Smit , Frederick Seitz , Robert Rathbun Wilson 1974 Nicolaas Bloembergen , William Alfred Fowler 1975 Hans A. Bethe , Joseph Hirschfelder , Lewis Sarett , E. Bright Wilson , Chien - Shiung Wu 1976 Samuel Goudsmit , Herbert S. Gutowsky , Frederick Rossini , Verner Suomi , Henry Taube , George Eugene Uhlenbeck 1979 Richard Phillips Feynman , Herman Mark , Edward Mills Purcell , John Sinfelt , Lyman Spitzer , Victor F. Weisskopf 1982 Philip Warren Anderson , Joičiro Nambu , Edward Teller , Charles Hard Townes 1983 E. Margaret Burbidge , Maurice Goldhaber , Helmut Landsberg , Walter Munk , Frederick Reines , Bruno B. Rossi , J. Robert Schrieffer 1986 Solomon Buchsbaum , Horace Crane , Herman Feshbach , Robert Hofstadter , Chen Ning Franklin Yang 1987 Philip Abelson , Walter Elsasser , Paul Christian Lauterbur , George Pake , James Alfred Van Allen 1988 D. Allan Bromley , Paul ( Ching - Wu ) Chu , Walter Kohn , Norman Foster Ramsey , Jack Steinberger 1989 Arnold O. Beckman , Eugene Newman Parker , Robert Sharp , Henry Stommel 1990 Allan M. Cormack , Edwin M. McMillan , Robert Pound , Roger Revelle 1991 Arthur L. Schawlow , Ed Stone , Steven Weinberg 1992 Eugene M. Shoemaker 1993 Val Fitch , Vera Cooper Rubin 1994 Albert Overhauser , Frank Press 1995 Hans Dehmelt , Peter Goldreich 1996 Wallace S. Broecker 1997 Marshall Rosenbluth , Martin Schwarzschild , George Wetherill 1998 Don L. Anderson , John Norris Bahcall 1999 James Cronin , Leo Kadanoff 2000 Willis E. Lamb , Jeremiah Paul Ostriker , Gilbert F. White 2001 Marvin L. Cohen , Raymond Davis Jr . , Charles Keeling 2002 Richard Garwin , W. Jason Morgan , Edward Witten 2003 G. Brent Dalrymple , Riccardo Giacconi 2004 Robert N. Clayton 2005 Ralph Asher Alpher , Lonnie Thompson 2006 Daniel Kleppner 2007 Fay Ajzenberg - Selove , Charles P. Slichter , David J. Wineland 2008 Berni Alder , James E. Gunn 2009 Yakir Aharonov , Esther M. Conwell , Warren M. Washington 2011 Sidney Drell , Sandra Faber , Sylvester James Gates 2012 Burton Richter , Sean C. Solomon 2014 Shirley Ann Jackson Tehniške znanosti 1962 Theodore von Kármán 1963 Vannevar Bush , John Robinson Pierce 1964 Charles S. Draper 1965 Hugh L. Dryden , Clarence L. Johnson , Warren K. Lewis 1966 Claude Elwood Shannon , Vladimir K. Zworykin 1967 Edwin H. Land , Igor I. Sikorsky 1968 J. Presper Eckert , Nathan M. Newmark 1969 Jack St. Clair Kilby 1970 George E. Mueller 1973 Harold E. Edgerton , Richard T. Whitcomb 1974 Rudolf Kompfner , Ralph Brazelton Peck , Abel Wolman 1975 Manson Benedict , William Hayward Pickering , Frederick E. Terman , Wernher Von Braun 1976 Morris Cohen , Peter C. Goldmark , Erwin Wilhelm Müller 1979 Emmett N. Leith , Raymond D. Mindlin , Robert N. Noyce , Earl R. Parker , Simon Ramo 1982 Edward H. Heinemann , Donald L. Katz 1983 William R. Hewlett , George M. Low , John G. Trump 1986 Hans Wolfgang Liepmann , T. Y. Lin , Bernard M. Oliver 1987 Robert B. Bird , H. Bolton Seed , Ernst Weber 1988 Daniel C. Drucker , Willis M. Hawkins , George W. Housner 1989 Harry George Drickamer , Herbert E. Grier 1990 Mildred S. Dresselhaus , Nick Holonyak mlajši 1991 George Heilmeier , Luna B. Leopold , H. Guyford Stever 1992 Calvin F. Quate , John Roy Whinnery 1993 Alfred Y. Cho 1994 Ray W. Clough 1995 Hermann A. Haus 1996 James L. Flanagan , C. Kumar N. Patel 1998 Eli Ruckenstein 1999 Kenneth N. Stevens 2000 Yuan - Cheng B. Fung 2001 Andreas Acrivos 2002 Leo Beranek 2003 John M. Prausnitz 2004 Edwin N. Lightfoot 2005 Jan D. Achenbach , Tobin J. Marks 2007 Andrew J. Viterbi 2008 Rudolf E. Kálmán 2009 Amnon Yariv 2010 Shu Chien 2011 John Goodenough 2012 Thomas Kailath Kemija 1964 Roger Adams , Harold Clayton Urey , Robert Burns Woodward 1965 Peter Joseph William Debye 1966 Henry Eyring 1967 George Kistiakowsky 1968 Paul Bartlett , Lars Onsager 1970 Saul Winstein 1973 Carl Djerassi , Vladimir Haensel 1974 Paul Flory , Linus Carl Pauling , Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer 1979 Arthur Kornberg , Severo Ochoa 1982 F. Albert Cotton , Gilbert Stork 1983 Roald Hoffmann , George C. Pimentel , Richard N. Zare 1986 Harry Gray , Yuan Tseh Lee , Carl S. Marvel , Frank H. Westheimer 1987 William S. Johnson , Walter H. Stockmayer , Max Tishler 1988 William O. Baker , Konrad Emil Bloch , Elias James Corey 1989 Richard B. Bernstein , Melvin Calvin , Rudoph A. Marcus , Harden M. McConnell 1990 Elkan Blout , Karl Folkers , John D. Roberts 1991 Ronald Breslow , Gertrude B. Elion , Dudley R. Herschbach , Glenn T. Seaborg 1992 Howard E. Simmons , Jr. 1993 Donald J. Cram , Norman Hackerman 1994 George S. Hammond 1995 Thomas Cech , Isabella L. Karle 1996 Norman Davidson 1997 Darleane C. Hoffman , Harold S. Johnston 1998 John W. Cahn , George M. Whitesides 1999 Stuart A. Rice , John Ross , Susan Solomon 2000 John D. Baldeschwieler , Ralph F. Hirschmann 2001 Ernest R. Davidson , Gabor A. Somorjai 2002 John I. Brauman 2004 Stephen J. Lippard 2006 Marvin H. Caruthers , Peter B. Dervan , Robert S. Langer 2007 Mostafa A. El - Sayed 2008 Joanna S. Fowler , JoAnne Stubbe 2009 Stephen J. Benkovic , Marye Anne Fox 2010 Jacqueline K. Barton , Peter J. Stang 2011 Allen J. Bard , M. Frederick Hawthorne 2012 Judith P. Klinman , Jerrold Meinwald 2013 Geraldine Richmond 2014 A. Paul Alivisatos Matematika , statistika in računalništvo 1963 Norbert Wiener 1964 Solomon Lefschetz , H. Marston Morse 1965 Oscar Zariski 1966 John Willard Milnor 1967 Paul Joseph Cohen 1968 Jerzy Neyman 1969 William Feller 1970 Richard Brauer 1973 John Tukey 1974 Kurt Gödel 1975 John W. Backus , Shiing - Shen Chern , George B. Dantzig 1976 Kurt Otto Friedrichs , Hassler Whitney 1979 Joseph L. Doob , Donald Knuth 1982 Marshall Harvey Stone 1983 Herman Goldstine , Isadore Singer 1986 Peter Lax , Antoni Zygmund 1987 Raoul Bott , Michael Freedman 1988 Ralph E. Gomory , Joseph B. Keller 1989 Samuel Karlin , Saunders MacLane , Donald C. Spencer 1990 George F. Carrier , Stephen Cole Kleene , John McCarthy 1991 Alberto Calderón 1992 Allen Newell 1993 Martin Kruskal 1994 John Cocke 1995 Louis Nirenberg 1996 Richard M. Karp , Stephen Smale 1997 Šing - Tung Jau 1998 Cathleen Synge Morawetz 1999 Felix Browder , Ronald R. Coifman 2000 John Griggs Thompson , Karen K. Uhlenbeck 2001 Calyampudi R. Rao , Elias M. Stein 2002 James G. Glimm 2003 Carl R. de Boor 2004 Dennis P. Sullivan 2005 Bradley Efron 2006 Hyman Bass 2007 Leonard Kleinrock , Andrew J. Viterbi 2009 David B. Mumford 2010 Richard A. Tapia , Srinivasa S . R. Varadhan 2011 Solomon Wolf Golomb , Barry Mazur 2012 Alexandre Chorin , David Blackwell ( posthumno ) 2013 Michael Artin Vedenjske znanosti in družboslovje 1964 Othmar H. Ammann , Theodosius Dobzhansky , Neal Elgar Miller 1986 Herbert A. Simon 1987 Anne Anastasi , George J. Stigler 1988 Milton Friedman 1989 Roger Wolcott Sperry 1990 Leonid Hurwicz , Patrick Suppes 1991 Robert W. Kates , George Armitage Miller 1992 Eleanor J. Gibson 1994 Robert K. Merton 1995 Roger N. Shepard 1996 Paul A. Samuelson 1997 William K. Estes 1998 William Julius Wilson 1999 Robert M. Solow 2000 Gary S. Becker 2001 George F. Bass 2003 R. Duncan Luce 2004 Kenneth J. Arrow 2005 Gordon H. Bower 2008 Michael I. Posner 2009 Mortimer Mishkin 2011 Anne Treisman 2012 Robert Axelrod 2014 Albert Bandura Viri Zunanje povezave Uradna spletna stran Nagrade , ustanovljene leta