definition of endotoxins
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endotoxin Definition of endotoxin. : a toxic heat-stable lipopolysaccharide substance present in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria that is released from the cell upon lysis.
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- tox·in. n. 1. A poisonous substance, especially a protein, that is produced by living cells or organisms and is capable of causing disease when introduced into the body tissues but is often also capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies or antitoxins.2. A poisonous or harmful nonbiological substance, such as a pollutant.ox·in. n. 1. A poisonous substance, especially a protein, that is produced by living cells or organisms and is capable of causing disease when introduced into the body tissues but is often also capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies or antitoxins. 2.
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endotoxin endotoxin, n toxin present in the cell walls of bacteria that is released after the bacteria has died. May cause chills, fever, leukopenia, and shock depending on the bacterial species and the health of the infected person.
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endotoxin Medical Definition of endotoxin. : a toxin of internal origin; specifically : a poisonous substance present in bacteria (as the causative agent of typhoid fever) but separable from the cell body only on its disintegration—compare exotoxin.
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endotoxin endotoxin. a heat-stable toxin associated with the outer membranes of certain gram-negative bacteria, including Brucella, Neisseria, and Vibrio species. Endotoxins are not secreted but are released only when the cells are disrupted; they are less potent and less specific than the exotoxins; and they do not form toxoids. toxin that forms an integral part of the cell wall of certain bacteria and is only released upon destruction of the bacterial cell. Endotoxins are less potent and less specific than most exotoxins and do not form toxoids. Also called intracellular toxin. en′do·tox′ic adj.
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endotoxin endotoxin. a heat-stable toxin associated with the outer membranes of certain gram-negative bacteria, including Brucella, Neisseria, and Vibrio species. Endotoxins are not secreted but are released only when the cells are disrupted; they are less potent and less specific than the exotoxins; and they do not form toxoids.ndotoxin. a heat-stable toxin associated with the outer membranes of certain gram-negative bacteria, including Brucella, Neisseria, and Vibrio species. Endotoxins are not secreted but are released only when the cells are disrupted; they are less potent and less specific than the exotoxins; and they do not form toxoids.
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What are Endotoxins? Once the bacteria die, the endotoxins are released, and many of these toxins cause health problems in people, animals, and other organisms, hence the “toxin” in their name. These toxins are separate from the exotoxins which are routinely secreted by some bacteria over the course of their lives. Bacteria which make exotoxins can make hosts sick while they are still alive with their toxins, while the toxins in endotoxic bacteria only become a problem after the organism dies.
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Bacterial Endotoxins About Endotoxins. Endotoxins, which occur in the outer membrane of certain gram-negative bacteria, are not secreted but are released only when the cells are disrupted or destroyed. Endotoxins are complex polysaccharide molecules that elicit an antigenic response, resulting in fever and altered resistance to bacterial infections.
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Microbiology The ability to produce toxins is called toxigenicity. Exotoxins are produced by bacteria (mostly gram-positive) and released into the surrounding medium. Exotoxins, not the bacteria, produce the disease symptoms. Antibodies produced against exotoxins are called antitoxins.
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- Synthesis and biological function of bacterial endotoxin Shoichi Kusumoto, Naoto Kusunose, Masahiro Imoto, Tetsuo Shimamoto, Takashi Kamikawa, Haruhiko Takada*, Shozo Kotani*, E. Th. Rietschel**, and Tetsuo Shiba Faculty of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan
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Endotoxins: Definition & Examples Suppose you were feeling ill from a bacterial infection. Chances are the doctor would prescribe an antibiotic and in a few days, you would be feeling better. But there are two main categories of bacteria: gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. Unfortunately, gram-negative bacteria are harder to kill with antibiotics. To make matters worse, when gram-negative bacteria are destroyed, say by antibiotics or by our immune system, they release toxins into our body called endotoxins. Endotoxins can make us very sick, and in some cases, even cause death. Where Endotoxins Come From
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endotoxin endotoxin. a heat-stable toxin associated with the outer membranes of certain gram-negative bacteria, including Brucella, Neisseria, and Vibrio species. Endotoxins are not secreted but are released only when the cells are disrupted; they are less potent and less specific than the exotoxins; and they do not form toxoids.acterial endotoxin, lipid A Microbiology A heat-stable lipopolysaccharide on the outer coat of gram-negative bacteria–eg, those causing cholera, meningitis, pneumonia, plague, whooping cough, et al Clinical Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, fever, chills, hemorrhagic shock, dec resistance to infection.
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Exotoxin An exotoxin is a toxin secreted by bacteria. An exotoxin can cause damage to the host by destroying cells or disrupting normal cellular metabolism.They are highly potent and can cause major damage to the host. Exotoxins may be secreted, or, similar to endotoxins, may be released during lysis of the cell.n exotoxin can cause damage to the host by destroying cells or disrupting normal cellular metabolism. They are highly potent and can cause major damage to the host. Exotoxins may be secreted, or, similar to endotoxins, may be released during lysis of the cell.
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- Dialysis water contamination. In 1972, Raij et al. reported the occurrence of circulating endotoxins in patients with febrile reactions at the end of dialysis sessions and, in parallel, high endotoxin levels in the dialysate [ 2 ]. Even nowadays, neither tap water nor purified water or dialysate are sterile.
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- EXOTOXINS. Exotoxins are heat labile proteins that are secreted by some species of bacteria and diffuse readily into the surrounding medium. In contrast to endotoxins, which are integral part of bacteria; exotoxins are actively synthesized and released.
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Bacterial toxins The biological activity of endotoxin is associated with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Toxicity is associated with the lipid component (Lipid A) and immunogenicity is associated with the polysaccharide components. The cell wall antigens (O antigens) of Gram-negative bacteria are components of LPS.
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enterotoxin enterotoxin. 1. a toxin specific for the cells of the intestinal mucosa. 2. a toxin arising in the intestine. 3. an exotoxin that is protein in nature and relatively heat-stable, produced by staphylococci.ost enterotoxins are produced by certain species of bacteria, such as Staphylococcus. Infectious disease A toxin with a direct effect on the intestinal mucosa, eliciting net fluid secretion; the 'classic' enterotoxin is cholera toxin, which evokes intestinal fluid secretion, by activating adenylate cyclase.
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neurotoxin a toxin that acts directly on the tissues of the central nervous system, traveling along the axis cylinders of the motor nerves to the brain.
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- EndoTrap® family: Endotoxin removal products. EndoTrap® removes endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides/LPS) from aqueous solutions of a wide range of samples such as proteins, antibodies, vaccines, nucleic acids, buffers and cell extracts with excellent sample recovery rate.
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- Exotoxins can also be named from the species, which produces them and from the disease with which they are associated. Examples include cholera toxin from Vibrio cholerae, the cause of cholera and tetanus toxin from Clostridium tetani, and the cause of tetanus.
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Microbial toxin Bacteria generate toxins which can be classified as either exotoxins or endotoxins. Exotoxins are generated and actively secreted; endotoxins remain part of the bacteria. Usually, an endotoxin is part of the bacterial outer membrane, and it is not released until the bacterium is killed by the immune system.icrobial toxins promote infection and disease by directly damaging host tissues and by disabling the immune system. Some bacterial toxins, such as Botulinum neurotoxins, are the most potent natural toxins known. However, microbial toxins also have important uses in medical science and research.
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- Exotoxins are produced by a variety of bacteria including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In some species, most strains produce the same exotoxin while in others only a subset of strains produces a particular exotoxin. They are antigenic and can be toxoided. Their activity can be neutralized by antitoxins.
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- EXOTOXINS. Exotoxins are heat labile proteins that are secreted by some species of bacteria and diffuse readily into the surrounding medium. In contrast to endotoxins, which are integral part of bacteria; exotoxins are actively synthesized and released.XOTOXINS. Exotoxins are heat labile proteins that are secreted by some species of bacteria and diffuse readily into the surrounding medium. In contrast to endotoxins, which are integral part of bacteria; exotoxins are actively synthesized and released.
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- Toxins are the harmful chemicals that can be produced by bacterial, marine organisms, fungi, plants, and. animals. Biological and toxin weapons (BTW) are devices, such as aerosol sprayers or munitions, designed to deliver biological agents to a target population.
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Exotoxins Exotoxins are a group of soluble proteins that are secreted by the bacterium, enter host cells, and catalyze the covalent modification of a host cell component(s) to alter the host cell physiology. Both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria produce exotoxins.
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Bacterial toxins The relationship of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) to the bacterial cell surface is illustrated in Figure 1 below. In vivo, Gram-negative bacteria probably release minute amounts of endotoxin while growing.DO is unique and invariably present in LPS and so it has been used as an indicator in assays for LPS (endotoxin). With minor variations, the core polysaccharide is common to all members of a bacterial genus (e.g. Salmonella), but it is structurally distinct in other genera of Gram-negative bacteria.