what is albedo
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- Albedo (/ælˈbiːdoʊ/) is the whiteness of a surface. It is a reflection coefficient, and has a value of less than one. Albedo is derived from Latin albedo whiteness (or reflected sunlight) in turn from albus white, is the diffuse reflectivity or reflecting power of a surface. The albedo of a surface is the ratio of radiation reflected from the surface to the incident radiation. Its dimensionless nature lets it be expressed as a percentage and is measured on a scale from zero (no reflection) of a perfectly black surface to 1 for perfect reflection of a white surface.
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Atmospheric Radiation Of the scattered and reflected light, 25 also reaches the surface, while 51 is radiated into space as short-wave radiation. This makes the albedo of the earth to be about 0.39. The atmosphere absorbs 141 from the surface, and re-emits 125 to the surface as long-wave (4-120μm) radiation. The net amount, 65, is radiated to space. The atmosphere receives 30 by condensation of water, and gives up 30 by evaporation, most of which is part of the hydrologic cycle.
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Geometric albedo In astronomy, the geometric albedo of a celestial body is the ratio of its actual brightness as seen from the light source to that of an idealized flat, fully reflecting, diffusively scattering disk with the same cross-section. Diffuse scattering implies that radiation is reflected isotropically with no memory of the location of the incident light source. Zero phase angle corresponds to looking along the direction of illumination. For Earth-bound observers this occurs when the body in question i
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Sunlight Sunlight is a portion of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun, in particular infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light. On Earth, sunlight is filtered through Earth's atmosphere, and is obvious as daylight when the Sun is above the horizon.unlight is a portion of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun, in particular infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light. On Earth, sunlight is filtered through Earth's atmosphere, and is obvious as daylight when the Sun is above the horizon.
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Solar Radiation and the Earth's Albedo The final solar radiation pathway is reflection. This is when a portion of energy bounces directly back to space without being absorbed, refracted, transmitted, or scattered. An important term to remember when studying solar radiation and reflection is albedo.nce the Earth’s atmosphere receives shortwave solar radiation, the energy is referred to as insolation. This insolation is the energy input responsible to moving the various Earth-atmosphere systems like the energy balance described above but also weather events, oceanic currents, and other Earth cycles.
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Greenhouse effect The anti-greenhouse effect is a mechanism similar and symmetrical to the greenhouse effect: greenhouse effect is about atmosphere letting radiation in, while not letting thermal radiation out, which warms the body surface; anti-greenhouse effect is about atmosphere NOT letting radiation in, while letting thermal radiation out, which lowers the equilibrium surface temperature.
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The Net Effect of Cloudiness on Surface Temperatures If a surface area has an albedo of 10 percent and clouds an albedo of 90 percent then with 70 percent cloudiness the albedo for the area is 0.7(0.9)+0.3(0.1)=0.66=66 percent. This means that 34 percent of the Sun's radiation for the area is not reflected back into space.f a surface area has an albedo of 10 percent and clouds an albedo of 90 percent then with 70 percent cloudiness the albedo for the area is 0.7(0.9)+0.3(0.1)=0.66=66 percent. This means that 34 percent of the Sun's radiation for the area is not reflected back into space.
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Radiation and Albedo Experiment Radiation is the transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic wave motion. The transfer of energy from the sun across nearly empty space is accomplished primarily by radiation. Radiation occurs without the involvement of a physical substance as the medium.
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What is Albedo effect? Main Image: Albedo is the part of solar energy, the short wave radiation, reflected from the Earth back into the space. The albedo of an object is a measure of how strongly it reflects light from sources like the sun. If an object reflects most of the light that hits it, it appears bright and it has a high albedo.
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Alumina Alumina, also called aluminum oxide, synthetically produced aluminum oxide, Al2O3, a white or nearly colourless crystalline substance that is used as a starting material for the smelting of aluminum metal. It also serves as the raw material for a broad range of advanced ceramic products and as an active agent in chemical processing.
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albedo Spherical albedo (Bond’s albedo) is the ratio of light flow scattered by a body in all directions to the flow falling on the body. Geometric albedo is the ratio of the mean brightness of an object given a phase angle of zero to the brightness of an absolutely white plane screen perpendicular to the sun’s rays, placed in the same point and visible under the same solid angle as the object.
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Glossary An alum is a double salt comprising a sulphate salt of a monovalent element, with the sulphate salt of a trivalent element. The most well known example is potash alum (aluminium potassium sulphate) KAl(SO4)2.12H2O which is used to clear murky water.
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Global Climate Change: Albedo The Earth as a system is driven by the Sun's energy; and as the Sun's rays hit the Earth, a certain percentage of the energy is reflected back into space. The amount of radiation reflected by a surface is referred to as its albedo. Albedo can range from a value of 0 (no reflection) to a value of 1 (100% reflection). It is important to know how much of the Sun's energy at the poles is reflected, absorbed, or radiated back to into space.
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- Thin Cloud 25-30. Albedo also varies with angle of the sun: albedo of water varies from 5 (high sun) to 80 (low sun). Total overall albedo of Earth and atmosphere is ~ 30 (most from clouds and not land-sea surface).Scattering: Redirection of insolation in all directions (and not just back to space).hin Cloud 25-30. Albedo also varies with angle of the sun: albedo of water varies from 5 (high sun) to 80 (low sun). Total overall albedo of Earth and atmosphere is ~ 30 (most from clouds and not land-sea surface).
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Environmental impact of concrete Unless given for a specific wavelength (spectral albedo), albedo refers to the entire spectrum of solar radiation. Due to measurement constraints, it is often given for the spectrum in which most solar energy reaches the surface (approximately between 0.3 and 3 μm).
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Thermodynamics: Albedo Sea ice has a much higher albedo compared to other earth surfaces, such as the surrounding ocean. A typical ocean albedo is approximately 0.06, while bare sea ice varies from approximately 0.5 to 0.7. This means that the ocean reflects only 6 percent of the incoming solar radiation and absorbs the rest, while sea ice reflects 50 to 70 percent of the incoming energy.
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Climate Science Ch.3 Surfaces that have a low albedo absorb more solar radiation then they reflect, causing the surface to warm more quickly. Surfaces with a high albedo reflect a large fraction of incident solar radiation and stay cool longer.
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Global Warming, Clouds, and Albedo: Feedback Loops Global warming accelerates evaporation, placing more water vapor in the air. More water vapor generates a a stronger greenhouse effect, since water vapor is a greenhouse gas. However, it may also lead to the formation of more clouds, which might help cool the planet by increasing Earth's albedo.lobal warming accelerates evaporation, placing more water vapor in the air. More water vapor generates a a stronger greenhouse effect, since water vapor is a greenhouse gas. However, it may also lead to the formation of more clouds, which might help cool the planet by increasing Earth's albedo.
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- albedo definition: The small fraction of event electromagnetic radiation shown by a surface, specifically of a celestial body.; The spongy white muscle within the rind of citrus fruit.; The fraction of…
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- 1 Represents input solar energy into the system. 2  Rsw = incoming – outgoing. 3  Incoming = Insolation*(1-albedo), where albedo=fraction of incident radiation that is reflected (value between 0 and 1, e.g. snow ~= 0.9 and grass ~= 0.3). 4  Outgoing = Insolation*albedo.
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Solar irradiance Solar irradiance (also Insolation, from Latin insolare, to expose to the sun) is the power per unit area produced by the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Irradiance may be measured in space or at the Earth's surface after atmospheric absorption and scattering.nsolation can be measured in space, at the edge of the atmosphere or at a terrestrial object. Insolation can also be expressed in Suns, where one Sun equals 1000 W/m 2 at the point of arrival, with kWh/m 2 /day expressed as hours/day.
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Global Climate Change: Albedo The average albedo for the Earth is .31, meaning that the Earth reflects nearly a third of the incoming radiation back into space. Forests, oceans, cities, deserts all have different albedos. Forests have albedos of between .08 and .15; deserts have an albedo of about .30.
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- Answer Key for Albedo Assessment Questions. 1. Which has a higher albedo, an asphalt parking lot or a snow-covered field? a) asphalt parking lot. b) snow-covered field (correct) c) they have the same albedo. d) more information is needed to answer this question.
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- Albedo also varies with angle of the sun: albedo of water varies from 5 (high sun) to 80 (low sun). Total overall albedo of Earth and atmosphere is ~ 30 (most from clouds and not land-sea surface). Scattering: Redirection of insolation in all directions (and not just back to space).n other words, 50% of atmosphere is in bottom 5.5km. Alternatively, we can consider the density (=mass/volume) variation. Pressure and density are closely related as the atmosphere is compressible: greater pressure produces greater density.
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- The relative amount (ratio) of light that a surface reflects compared to the total sunlight that falls on it is called albedo. Surfaces that reflect a lot of the light falling on them are bright, and they have a high albedo. Surfaces that don’t reflect much light are dark, and they have a low albedo.
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- Satellite measurements made since the late 1970s estimate Earth’s average albedo to be about 0.30. In the albedo image above, white shows areas where Earth reflected the highest percentage of shortwave solar radiation. Dark blue shows areas where Earth reflected the lowest percentage of shortwave solar radiation.