definition of hydrate in chemistry
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Hydrate In chemistry, a hydrate is a substance that contains water or its constituent elements. The chemical state of the water varies widely between different classes of hydrates, some of which were so labeled before their chemical structure was understood.
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- Sesqui hydrate in water solution (CH 3 COOK·1½H 2 O) begins to form semihydrate at 41.3 °C. Potassium acetate is the salt that forms along with water as acetic acid and potassium hydroxide are neutralized together. Conditions/substances to avoid are: moisture, heat, flames, ignition sources, and strong oxidizing agents.
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Heating Hydrated Copper Sulphate? When a hydrate is heated, the water, h20 is evaporated, leaving only the anhydrous salt. If you add water to a anhydrous salt, it will transition back into a hydrate.
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Scientific Principles The water causes the hardening of concrete through a process called hydration. Hydration is a chemical reaction in which the major compounds in cement form chemical bonds with water molecules and become hydrates or hydration products. Details of the hydration process are explored in the next section.
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electrolyte electrolyte. n. 1. (General Physics) a solution or molten substance that conducts electricity. 2. (Chemistry). a. a chemical compound that dissociates in solution into ions.
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- These compounds are not considered true hydrates as the hydration process is not reversible. Formula of a Hydrate (Anhydrous Solid • x H 2 O) The formula of a hydrate can be determined by dehydrating a known mass of the hydrate, then comparing the masses of the original hydrate and the resulting anhydrous solid.
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Citric acid A citrate is a derivative of citric acid; that is, the salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion found in solution. An example of the former, a salt is trisodium citrate; an ester is triethyl citrate. When part of a salt, the formula of the citrate ion is written as C6H5O73− or C3H5O(COO)33−.
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Hydrates: Determining the Chemical Formula From Empirical Data 1 Determine the mass of the water that has left the compound. 2  This allows us to determine the mass of water that was in the hydrate and the mass of the anhydrate. 3  We do this by subtracting the mass of the anhydrate from the mass of the hydrate. 4  This equals the mass of water.
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- Other solid compounds contain larger amounts of water that ischemically bound in the crystal. These compounds are usually ionic salts. The water that is present inthese salts is called water of hydration and is usually bound to the cations in the salt.The water molecules in a hydrate are removed relatively easily.ther solid compounds contain larger amounts of water that ischemically bound in the crystal. These compounds are usually ionic salts. The water that is present inthese salts is called water of hydration and is usually bound to the cations in the salt.The water molecules in a hydrate are removed relatively easily.
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Scientific Principles The water causes the hardening of concrete through a process called hydration. Hydration is a chemical reaction in which the major compounds in cement form chemical bonds with water molecules and become hydrates or hydration products.
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Hydration reaction In chemistry, a hydration reaction is a chemical reaction in which a substance combines with water. In organic chemistry, water is added to an unsaturated substrate, which is usually an alkene or an alkyne. This type of reaction is employed industrially to produce ethanol, isopropanol, and 2- butanol.n the first step, the alkene acts as a nucleophile and attacks the proton, following Markovnikov's rule. In the second step an H 2 O molecule bonds to the other, more highly substituted carbon. The oxygen atom at this point has three bonds and carries a positive charge (i.e., the molecule is an oxonium).
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- An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water. The dissolved electrolyte separates into cations and anions, which disperse uniformly through the solvent. Electrically, such a solution is neutral. If an electric potential is applied to such a solution, the cations of the solution are drawn to the electrode that has an abundance of electrons, while the anions are drawn to the electrode that has a deficit of electrons.
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- * Also known as lye, caustic soda, soda lye or sodium hydrate. Functions of Sodium Hydroxide: Sodium Hydroxide is an inorganic compound used to control the pH levels or serve as a buffering agent in cosmetics and personal care products.
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Hydrate For example, ethanol, CH 3 –CH 2 –OH, is the product of the hydration reaction of ethene, CH 2 =CH 2, formed by the addition of H to one C and OH to the other C, and so can be considered as the hydrate of ethene. A molecule of water may be eliminated, for example by the action of sulfuric acid. Another example is chloral hydrate, CCl 3 –CH(OH) 2, which can be formed by reaction of water with chloral, CCl 3 –CH=O.
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- 2 Formulas for hydrates are written using a dot convention: a dot is used to separate the formula of the salt fromthe formula of the water of hydration. A numerical coefficient gives the molar amount of water included in thehydrate. Hydrates are named using prefixes for the word hydrate (at right).
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hydrolysis Noun[edit] hydrolysis ‎(plural hydrolyses) (chemistry) A chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water.
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Hydrate In many cases, hydrates are coordination compounds. CuSO4∙5H2O is actually [Cu(H2O)4]SO4∙4H2O; four molecules of water of hydration are coordinated to the copper ion, whereas the fifth water molecule is linked to the sulfate ion, presumably by hydrogen bonding. Similarly, MgSO4∙7H2O is actually [Mg(H2O)6]SO4∙4H2O.
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- hydrate - any compound that contains water of crystallization. 1  chemical compound, compound - (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight. 2  monohydrate - a hydrate that contains one molecule of water per molecule of the compound.
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- trihydrate. n. 1. (Chemistry) chem a substance that contains three molecules of water.1  Facebook. 2  Twitter.rihydrate. n. 1. (Chemistry) chem a substance that contains three molecules of water. 1  Facebook.
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- An electrolyte (Etymology: Greek lytos lytós able to be untied or) loosened is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar, solvent such as. water
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- Medical Definition of TRIHYDRATE. : a chemical compound with three molecules of water.What made you want to look up trihydrate?edical Definition of TRIHYDRATE. : a chemical compound with three molecules of water. What made you want to look up trihydrate?
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- The formula for a hydrated crystal includes the formula for the anhydrous crystal (n H2O, where n is the number of moles of water (or molecules of water) in the crystal. For example, Epsom salts has the formula MgSO4 (7 H2O.
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The U.S. Geological Survey Gas Hydrates Project U.S. Geological Survey Gas Hydrates Project. Gas hydrate is an ice-like crystalline form of water and low molecular weight gas (e.g., methane, ethane, carbon dioxide).On Earth, gas hydrates occur naturally in some marine sediments and within and beneath permafrost. Gas hydrates have also been inferred on other planets or their moons.ethane molecules can fit within both the small and large sites in the Structure I lattice, and Structure I methane hydrate is indeed the most common type found in nature. Thus, “gas hydrate” and “methane hydrate” are often used interchangeably by researchers.
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Methane Hydrate Methane hydrate is a crystalline solid that consists of a methane molecule surrounded by a cage of interlocking water molecules (see image at top right). Methane hydrate is an  ice  that only occurs naturally in subsurface deposits where temperature and pressure conditions are favorable for its formation.he most likely methane hydrate deposits to be selected for first development will have the following characteristics: 1) high concentrations of hydrate; 2) reservoir rocks with high permeability; and, 3) locations where there is an existing infrastructure.
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- In the formula of a hydrate a dot is used to separate the formula of the anhydrous salt from the number of molecules of water. For example, the formula of calcium sulfate dihydrate is written as CaSO 4 · 2 H 2 O not as H 4 CaSO 6. Heat can transform a hydrate into an anhydrous salt. The water can often be seen escaping as steam. hydrated salt anhydrous salt + water This process is reversible; adding water to the anhydrous salt will rehydrate the salt and regenerate the hydrate.
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- hydrating. 1  transitive verb. 2  1 : to cause to take up or combine with water or the elements of water. 3  2 : to supply with ample fluid or moisture hydrates and softens the skin.  intransitive 1  verb. : to become a hydrate.