"""Simple reader-writer locks in Python
Many readers can hold the lock XOR one and only one writer"""
import threading


class RWLock:
    """
    A simple reader-writer lock Several readers can hold the lock
    simultaneously, XOR one writer. Write locks have priority over reads to
    prevent write starvation.
    """
    def __init__(self):
        self.rwlock = 0
        self.writers_waiting = 0
        self.monitor = threading.Lock()
        self.readers_ok = threading.Condition(self.monitor)
        self.writers_ok = threading.Condition(self.monitor)

    def acquire_read(self):
        """Acquire a read lock. Several threads can hold this typeof lock.
    It is exclusive with write locks."""
        self.monitor.acquire()
        while self.rwlock < 0 or self.writers_waiting:
            self.readers_ok.wait()
        self.rwlock += 1
        self.monitor.release()

    def acquire_write(self):
        """Acquire a write lock. Only one thread can hold this lock, and
    only when no read locks are also held."""
        self.monitor.acquire()
        while self.rwlock != 0:
            self.writers_waiting += 1
            self.writers_ok.wait()
            self.writers_waiting -= 1
        self.rwlock = -1
        self.monitor.release()

    def release(self):
        """Release a lock, whether read or write."""
        self.monitor.acquire()
        if self.rwlock < 0:
            self.rwlock = 0
        else:
            self.rwlock -= 1
        wake_writers = self.writers_waiting and self.rwlock == 0
        wake_readers = self.writers_waiting == 0
        self.monitor.release()
        if wake_writers:
            self.writers_ok.acquire()
            self.writers_ok.notify()
            self.writers_ok.release()
        elif wake_readers:
            self.readers_ok.acquire()
            self.readers_ok.notifyAll()
            self.readers_ok.release()
