Table Hypovolemic Shock Caused by Body Fluid Loss Site of Fluid Loss Mechanism of Loss Skin Thermal or chemical burn Sweating due to excessive heat exposure Gastrointestinal tract Vomiting, diarrhea Kidneys Adrenal insufficiency Diabetes mellitus, central diabetes insipidus, or nephrogenic diabetes insipidus Polyuric phase after acute tubular damage Potent diuretic use Salt-losing nephritis Intravascular fluid lost to the extravascular space Increased capillary permeability secondary to inflammation, severe systemic hypoxia or ischemia, or traumatic injury (eg, crush), sepsis, bowel ischemia, acute pancreatitis Hypovolemic shock may be due to inadequate fluid intake (with or without increased fluid loss).