Results: Totally 121 patients were included in the study; the average age was 63.8 ± 18.1 years; the average length of antibiotic therapy (LOT) was 17.6 ± 6.5 days; the proportion of microbiological culture with positive bacterial result was 37.9%; thepredominantpathogens were Acninetobacter baumannii (18/55); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16/55); the appropriateness rate of empirical antibiotic therapy, dosing and drug administrationwas 43.0%; 26.4%; 100%, respectively; the rate of clinical response was 50.4%.