Overview of Neuro-ophthalmologic and Cranial Nerve Disorders By Michael Rubin, MDCM, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Medical Center Reviewed / Revised Feb 2022 | Modified Sep 2022 View Patient Education Diagnosis Treatment Topic Resources Cranial nerves Cranial Nerves Common Pupillary Abnormalities Common Disturbances of Ocular... Dysfunction of certain cranial nerves may affect the eye, pupil, optic nerve, or extraocular muscles and their nerves; thus, they can be considered cranial nerve disorders, neuro-ophthalmologic disorders, or both.