Perinatal hemorrhage may be caused by Precipitous delivery (ie, rapid and spontaneous delivery, which causes hemorrhage due to umbilical cord tearing) Obstetric accidents (eg, incision of the placenta during cesarean delivery, birth trauma) Coagulopathies Cephalhematomas resulting from procedures such as vacuum or forceps delivery are usually relatively harmless, but subgaleal bleeds can rapidly extend into soft tissue, sequestering sufficient blood volume to result in anemia, hypotension, shock, and death.