Conclusions: The main predictors of mortality in low birth weight infants in neonatal department, Tudu hospital include: Maternal preeclampsia or / and hypertension in pregnancy, which were antenatal treated in Tudu hospital (protective factor), low birth weight, low gestational age, Apgar score 1'<5 and severe RDS which required mechanical ventilation were high risk factors of neonatal mortality in low birth weight neonates.