Typical settings for an infant in moderate respiratory distress are FIO2 = 40% Inspiratory time (IT) = 0.4 seconds Expiratory time = 1.1 seconds (both inspiratory and expiratory times vary based on rate and need; a higher inspiratory time improves oxygenation, and a higher expiratory time improves ventilation) SIMV or AC rate = 40 breaths / minute (depends on infant's spontaneous respiratory rate and higher rates, such as 60 breaths / minute, may be needed if infant is making no spontaneous respiratory effort or lower depending on quality of infant's respiratory efforts; higher rates mandate shorter inspiratory and / or expiratory times than given above) Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) = 15 to 20 cm H2O for very low-birth-weight and low-birth-weight infants and 20 to 25 cm H2O for near-term and term infants Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) = 5 cm H2O These settings are adjusted based on the infant's oxygenation, chest wall movement, breath sounds, and respiratory efforts along with arterial or capillary blood gases.