Detecting rare mutations in the world in general and Vietnam in particular The research is quite comprehensive on Thalassemia disease: Disease causes (mutant types), inheritance through generations, clinical and subclinical symptoms, treatment and monitoring of treatment results 2 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS The main part of the thesis is 139 pages long, including the following parts: Introduction: 2 pages; Chapter 1 - Overview: 36 pages; Chapter 2 - Research subjects and methods: 16 pages; Chapter 3 - Research results: 39 pages; Chapter 4 - Discussion: 37 pages; Conclusion: 2 pages; New contributions: 1 page; Limits: 1 page; Recommendation: 1 page; Further research direction: 1 page.