Mandatory criteria (both): Polyneuropathy Evidence of monoclonal plasma cell proliferation Major criteria (≥ 1): Castleman disease Elevated level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Sclerotic bone lesions Minor criteria (≥ 1): Endocrinopathy (other than diabetes and hypothyroidism) Extravascular volume overload (eg, ascites, peripheral edema, pleural effusion) Organomegaly Papilledema Skin changes Thrombocytosis or polycythemia Treatment of POEMS Syndrome Radiation therapy Chemotherapy with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Treatment of POEMS syndrome consists of radiation therapy or chemotherapy for bony lesions or bone marrow involvement sometimes followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (1).