Actinomycosis By Larry M Bush, MD, FACP, Charles E Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University; Maria T Vazquez-Pertejo, MD, FACP, Wellington Regional Medical Center Reviewed / Revised Jun 2023 View Patient Education Symptoms and Signs Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Key Points Topic Resources Cervicofacial Actinomycosis Actinomycosis is a chronic localized or hematogenous anaerobic infection caused by Actinomyces israelii and other species of Actinomyces.