Table Insomnia is most often caused by An insomnia disorder (eg, adjustment sleep disorder, psychophysiologic insomnia) Inadequate sleep hygiene Psychiatric disorders, particularly mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders Miscellaneous medical disorders such as cardiopulmonary disorders, musculoskeletal conditions, and chronic pain EDS is most often caused by Insufficient sleep syndrome Obstructive sleep apnea Miscellaneous medical, neurologic (eg, narcolepsy, periodic limb movement disorder), and psychiatric disorders) Circadian rhythm sleep disorders such as jet lag and shift work sleep disorders Inadequate sleep hygiene refers to behaviors that are not conducive to sleep.