In epicardial group, the age was younger (1.03 ± 1.5 y / o vs 8.4 ± 3.7 y / o; P < 0.001), body weight was smaller (6.2 ± 3.2 kg vs 21.7 ± 8.8 kg; P < 0.001), BSA was smaller (0.34 ± 0.13 m2 vs 0.84 ± 0.22 m2; P < 0.001), incidence of congenital heart diseases was higher (50% vs 9.1%; P < 0.001) compared with endocardial group.