Typhoid Fever By Larry M Bush, MD, FACP, Charles E Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University; Maria T Vazquez-Pertejo, MD, FACP, Wellington Regional Medical Center Reviewed / Revised Apr 2022 | Modified Sep 2022 View Patient Education Symptoms and Signs Diagnosis Prognosis Treatment Prevention Key Points Topic Resources Typhoid Fever (Rose Spots) Typhoid fever is a systemic disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S Typhi).