2. Main risk factors for AKI in cardiac surgery included preoperative renal failure, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass 24 time and postoperative low cardiac output... Cleveland Clinic and AKICS could help to predict AKI after cardiac surgery: - The independent risk factors included: preoperative GFR < 60ml / min/1.73 m 2, diabetes, hypertension, thoracic aortic surgery, multiple valve surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass time ≥ 120minutes, aortic cross-clamping time ≥60minutes, postoperative CVP ≥ 12 cmH2O, low cardiac output, and mechanical ventilation duration > 24 after surgery.