Unlike in patients without renal failure, the role of BNP testing in diagnosing heart failure is not established in ESRD patients not undergoing renal replacement therapy. Objective: To characterize the BNP testing in diagnosing heart failure in patients with ESRD not undergoing renal replacement therapy. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Nephrology, Cho Ray hospital from 7/2006 to 5/2010.