Mpox (Monkeypox) (MPX) By Brenda L Tesini, MD, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Reviewed / Revised Apr 2023 View Patient Education Symptoms and Signs Diagnosis Treatment Prevention More Information Topic Resources Mpox Mpox Mpox Mpox Mpox Mpox Mpox Mpox Mpox (monkeypox) is caused by the monkeypox virus, an orthopoxvirus structurally related to the smallpox virus.