Mortality was not different between the two groups (12.9% vs 17.53%, p = 0.376) Conclusions: In cirrhotic patients with variceal hemorrhage, antibiotic prophylaxis can reducethe rates of infection and early rebleeding but does not decrease the rate of death Key works: gastrointestinal bleeding, esophageal variceal rupture, rebleeding, antibiotic prophylaxis, cirrhosis.