Most pediatric urologists recommend prophylactic antibiotics for severe VUR at all ages, for VUR grades III to V in children < 2 years, and for children with recurrent febrile UTIs independent of VUR grade. There are multiple age - and weight-based recommendations for antibiotics, but, typically, children are given trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole at bedtime, nitrofurantoin at dinnertime, or cephalexin twice daily.