Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) By Arcangela Lattari Balest, MD, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Reviewed / Revised Jul 2021 | Modified Sep 2022 View Patient Education Etiology Diagnosis Prognosis Treatment Prevention Key Points More Information Topic Resources Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia... National Institute of Child... Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is chronic lung disease of the neonate that typically is caused by prolonged ventilation and is further defined by age of prematurity and extent of supplemental oxygen requirement.