Some common viruses cannot be detected using routine culture methods and require alternative methods for diagnosis (see table), as for the following: Enzyme immunoassay for Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis E virus, HIV, and human T-lymphotropic virus Serologic tests for hepatitis A virus and hepatitis D virus Nucleic acid-based methods for HIV, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), SARS-CoV2 Fungi specimens obtained from nonsterile sites must be inoculated onto media containing antibacterial agents.