Additional causes of GnRH-independent precocious puberty in boys include familial male gonadotropin-independent precocity (due to an activating mutation of the gene for luteinizing hormone [LH] receptors), testosterone - producing testicular tumors, rarely ectopic beta - human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) production resulting from certain tumors (due to activation of LH receptors in testes), and occasionally McCune-Albright syndrome.