Less common causes Autoimmune hepatitis (immune-mediated hepatocellular injury) accounts for a high proportion of hepatitis not caused by viruses or steatohepatitis; features of autoimmune hepatitis include the following: The presence of serologic immune markers (eg, antinuclear antibodies, anti-smooth muscle antibodies, liver-kidney microsomal antibodies) An association with histocompatibility haplotypes common in autoimmune disorders (eg, HLA-B1, HLA-B8, HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4) A predominance of T cells and plasma cells in histologic liver lesions Complex in vitro defects in cellular immunity and immunoregulatory functions An association with other autoimmune disorders (eg, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, proliferative glomerulonephritis) A response to therapy with corticosteroids or immunosuppressants Primary biliary cholangitis (formerly, primary biliary cirrhosis) is an immune-mediated process resulting in bile duct injury.