Complications include Arterial puncture Hematoma Pneumothorax Damage to the vein Hemothorax Air embolism Catheter misplacement * Arrhythmias or atrial perforation, typically caused by guidewire or catheter Nerve damage Infection Thrombosis * Rare complications due to catheter misplacement include arterial catheterization, hydrothorax, hydromediastinum, and damage to the tricuspid valve.