Treatment of LTBI Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection is indicated principally for People whose TST converted from negative to positive within the previous 2 years People with x-ray changes consistent with old TB but no evidence of active TB Other indications for preventive treatment include People who, if infected, are at high risk of developing active TB (eg, people with HIV infection, people with drug-induced immunosuppression) Any child < 5 years old who is a close contact of a person with smear-positive TB, regardless of whether there was TST conversion Other people with an incidentally positive TST or IGRA result but without these risk factors are often treated for LTBI, but physicians should balance individual risks of drug toxicity against the benefits of treatment.