Distributive shock may be caused by Anaphylaxis (anaphylactic shock) Bacterial infection with endotoxin release (septic shock) or exotoxin release (toxic shock) Severe injury to the spinal cord, usually above T4 (neurogenic shock) Ingestion of certain drugs or poisons, such as nitrates, opioids, and adrenergic blockers Anaphylactic shock and septic shock often have a component of hypovolemia as well.