Equipment Gloves, mask, and gown Gown or drapes for patient Cardiac monitor, pulse oximeter IV setup: 18-gauge (or larger) angiocatheter and 1 L isotonic crystalloid solution (eg, 0.9% saline) Drugs for sedation / analgesia if needed (eg, 0.5 to 1.0 mcg / kg fentanyl to a maximum dose of 100 mcg; consider lower doses in those older than age 65 and titrate to effect) Sterile gauze sponges Emesis basin Suction source and Frazier-tip suction catheter Chair with headrest or ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist's chair Light source and head mirror or headlamp with adjustable narrow beam Nasal speculum Tongue depressors Bayonet forceps 12 to 16 French inflatable balloon (eg, Foley) catheter or commercial epistaxis balloon (single or dual-balloon) Topical anesthetic / vasoconstrictor mixture (eg, 4% cocaine, 1% tetracaine, or 4% lidocaine plus 0.5% oxymetazoline) or topical vasoconstrictor alone (eg, 0.5% oxymetazoline spray) Water-soluble lubricant or anesthetic jelly (eg, viscous lidocaine) Cotton pledgets or swabs Sometimes supplies and equipment for anterior nasal packing using a gauze strip Additional Considerations Initiate treatment for any hypovolemia or shock before treating epistaxis.