Objective: To investigate acute renal failure (ARF) morbidity and mortality rate in multiple trauma patients who need emergency surgery and to elucidate the risk factors for the development of acute renal failure (ARF) in this group patients. Method: This is a prospective study of 44 multiple trauma patients who need emergency surgery admitted to Cho Ray hospital between Januarys and August 2008.Results: Of the 44 patients, 3 were females (6.82%) and 41 males (93.18%), The patient age varied from 17 to 72 years old (mean 34.27 years).