Objectives: Validate gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity measurement procedures in drinking water according to Vietnam National Standards TCVN 8879: 2011; Examine gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity contamination in mineral and drinking water; Estimate effective dose equivalent of gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity from drinking water in population per year Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 254 mineral and drinking water samples collected from Jun to September in 2013.