Related factors included use of unsanitary water sources (OR = 1.86, 95% CI (1.36 - 4.59), p < 0.05); improper vaginal hygiene (OR = 1.74, 95% CI (1.16 - 4.36), p < 0.05); history of GBS infection (OR = 1.98, 95% CI (1.64 - 4.15), p < 0.05); and no habits of daily vulvar wash (OR = 3.0, 95% CI (1.42 - 7.59), p < 0.05).