Retinopathy of Prematurity (Retrolental Fibroplasia) By Leila M Khazaeni, MD, Loma Linda University School of Medicine Reviewed / Revised Feb 2022 | Modified Sep 2022 View Patient Education Diagnosis Prognosis Treatment Prevention Key Points Retinopathy of prematurity is a bilateral disorder of abnormal retinal vascularization in premature infants, especially those of lowest birth weight.