Patients with ≥ 2 of the following criteria meet criteria for SIRS and should have further clinical investigation: Temperature > 38° C (100.4° F) or < 36° C (96.8° F) Heart rate > 90 beats per minute Respiratory rate > 20 breaths per minute or PaCO2 < 32 mm Hg White blood cell count > 12, 000 / mcL (12 × 10 9 / L), < 4, 000 / mcL (4 × 10 9 / L) or > 10% immature (band) forms Patients with ≥ 2 of the following qSOFA criteria should have further clinical and laboratory investigation: Respiratory rate ≥ 22 breaths per minute Altered mentation Systolic blood pressure ≤ 100 mm Hg The SOFA score is somewhat more robust in the ICU setting, but requires laboratory testing (see table).