Children at risk include those who are overweight (body mass index > 85th percentile for age and sex, or weight for height > 85th percentile) and who have any 2 of the following: Family history of type 2 diabetes in 1st - or 2nd-degree relative Native American, Black, Hispanic, Asian American, and Pacific Islander heritage Signs of insulin resistance or conditions associated with insulin resistance (eg, acanthosis nigricans, hypertension, dyslipidemia, polycystic ovary syndrome, or small-for-gestational-age birth weight) Maternal history of diabetes or gestational diabetes Treatment of Diabetes in Children and Adolescents Diet and exercise For type 1 diabetes, insulin For type 2 diabetes, metformin and sometimes insulin or liraglutide (For recommendations about treatment, see also the American Diabetes Association's 2022 standards of medical care in diabetes for children and adolescents and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes' (ISPAD) 2018 guidelines for diabetes in children and adolescents.)