Relevant Anatomy for Measuring Lower Leg Compartment Pressure The lower leg has 4 compartments: Anterior compartment: Includes the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles, the deep peroneal nerve, and the anterior tibial artery Deep posterior compartment: Includes the tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, and flexor digitorum longus muscles, the tibial nerve, and the posterior tibial and peroneal arteries Lateral compartment: Includes the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles and the superficial peroneal nerve Superficial posterior compartment: Includes the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles The anterior compartment and deep posterior compartment are most commonly affected by compartment syndrome.