Vesicoureteral Reflux and Reflux Nephropathy By Frank O'Brien, MD, Washington University in St Louis Reviewed / Revised Mar 2022 | Modified Sep 2022 View Patient Education Symptoms and Signs Diagnosis Treatment Key Points Topic Resources Reflux Nephropathy (Voiding... Reflux nephropathy is renal scarring presumably induced by vesicoureteral reflux of infected urine into the renal parenchyma.