Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Arrhythmias Moderation of physical activity For atrial fibrillation, antiarrhythmic drug therapy and anticoagulation for stroke prevention For ventricular arrhythmias, often an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) Heart failure therapy (including transplantation) as required Outflow tract obstruction therapy as required (usually a beta-blocker but sometimes septal myomectomy or alcohol ablation) Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have typically been advised to avoid athletic exertion because such activities foster life-threatening arrhythmias and may hasten disease progression.