High-risk factors include Previous pregnancy with preeclampsia Multifetal gestation Kidney disorders Autoimmune disorders Type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus Chronic hypertension Moderate-risk factors include First pregnancy Maternal age ≥ 35 Body mass index > 30 Family history of preeclampsia Sociodemographic characteristics (African American race, low socioeconomic status) Personal history factors (eg, previous infants with low birth weight or small for gestational age, previous adverse pregnancy outcome, > 10-year pregnancy interval [2]) Etiology references 1.