Patients with extensive drusen, pigment changes, and / or geographic atrophy can reduce the risk of developing advanced AMD by 25% by taking daily supplements of the following: Zinc oxide 80 mg Copper 2 mg Vitamin C 500 mg Vitamin E 400 IU units Lutein 10 mg / zeaxanthin 2 mg (or beta-carotene 15 mg or vitamin A 28, 000 units for patients who have not smoked) In current and former smokers, beta-carotene can increase the risk of lung cancer.