Treatment of Heart Failure Diet and lifestyle changes Treatment of cause Drug therapy Sometimes device therapy (eg, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy, mechanical circulatory support) Sometimes cardiac transplantation Multidisciplinary care Immediate inpatient treatment is required for patients with acute or worsening heart failure due to certain disorders (eg, acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation with a very rapid ventricular rate, severe hypertension, acute valvular regurgitation), as well as for patients with pulmonary edema, severe symptoms, new-onset HF, or HF unresponsive to outpatient treatment.