Hospitalization The main indications for hospitalization for active TB are Serious concomitant illness Need for diagnostic procedures Social issues (eg, homelessness) Need for respiratory isolation, as for people living in congregate settings where previously unexposed people would be regularly encountered (important primarily if effective treatment cannot be ensured) Because the consequences of drug-resistant TB are so great, hospitalization with respiratory isolation for treatment initiation is warranted at least until a clinical response to treatment is certain.