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[Assistant] Masculine nouns end with a consonant е, soft sign тель and арь. Exceptions мужчина, папа, дядя, дедушка and кофе.


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[Assistant] Female nouns end with а, я, ость, овь, щ.


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[Assistant] Newton nouns end with O and E. Exceptions. Время. Имя. Adjectives in Russian.


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[Assistant] Adjectives change their gender, number and case.


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[Assistant] In this lesson we will study forms of the nominative case of adjectives.


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[Assistant] In the Russian language, there are two main variants of adjectives endings. Hard and soft.


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[Assistant] You can identify the variant by the singular masculine nominative case form of an adjective.


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[Assistant] Because this form is given in dictionaries masculine form.


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[Assistant] The ending ıy or oy indicates the hard variant. These endings change to aya, oye, üye,


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[Assistant] Depending on the target gender for which you are going to use an adjective.


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[Assistant] Talking about the soft variant, the ending,


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[Assistant] Иь indicates the soft variant. This ending changes to ЯЯ, ЕЕ, ИЕ, depending on the target gender. Masculine – ИЙ, Female – ЯЯ, Newter – ЕЕ, plural – ИЕ.


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[Assistant] Please write down this table so as not to forget numbers. First, let's start with numbers from 1 to 19.


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[Assistant] Please repeat after me. Don't write anything down right now, because after the first 19 numbers there will be a generalizing scheme for memorizing.


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[Assistant] And you'll write it down, but now just repeat after me, okay? Number in Russian is число, plural form, числа, числа.


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[Assistant] And the first one is zero. Nol. Nol. Nol. One.


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[Assistant] Siem, siem.


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[Assistant] Chetyrnatsych. Chetyrnatsych. Chetyrnatsych. Fifteen. Pitnatsych. Pitnatsych. Sixteen.


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[Assistant] Shestnatsych Shestnatsych


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[Assistant] Восемнадцать. Восемнадцать. Nineteen


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[Assistant] Okay, now let's summarize. In the left column you can see numbers from 1 to 9. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.


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[Assistant] If you want to name a number from 11 to 19,


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[Assistant] You need to add not such.


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[Assistant] To the corresponding numeral from the left column.


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[Assistant] So, the ending НАТСАТЬ is an analog of TEEN.


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[Assistant] Teen in Russian is нацать.


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[Assistant] Please note that the letter D isn't hard. It's really, really soft.


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[Assistant] There are also a few points that I should comment on.


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[Assistant] 12, the original A is changed to E. 2 goes to 12. 12. In the word 14, 14, the original E


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[Assistant] is cut off, as well as a soft sign in the numbers from 15 to 19.


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[Assistant] So let's try to read them in pairs by comparing the number from the left column with the number from the right column. один одинадцать два двенадцать три тринадцать четыре четырнадцать пять пятнадцать шесть шестнадцать семь


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[Assistant] Seventeen Eight Eighteen Nine Nineteen


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[Assistant] And two points important for the pronunciation of the numbers from the second column.


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[Assistant] Firstly, I remind you that the letter D is not pronounced. And secondly,


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[Assistant] In the numbers from 15 to 19, since the soft sign is cut off, the preceding consonant becomes hard. For example, восемь, восемь, восемнадцать, восемнадцать, восемь,


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[Assistant] Okay, did you hear the difference? I hope so. And let's continue. And don't worry, I didn't forget about the number 10.


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[Assistant] 10, but we will just discuss it in more detail in the group of numbers ending in zero. And here we go. 10 10 10 20 20 20 30 30 30 40 40


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[Assistant] Sixty Sixty Sixty


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[Assistant] Seventy. Семдесят. Семдесят. Eighty. Восемдесят. Восемдесят. Ninety. Девяноста. Девяноста. Hundred. Сто. Сто.


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[Assistant] Let's make a review. The numbers 10, 20, 30, 40 and 90 you just need to remember. 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 90 90


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[Assistant] The numbers 50, 60, 70 and 80 can be memorized as follows.


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[Assistant] 50 is 5 times 10, right? So,


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[Assistant] 5 is 5, 10 is 10. 60 is 6 times 10, right? Right. So, 6 is 6.


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[Assistant] Please write this table down. And let's move on.


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[Assistant] Let's look at numbers in range from 100 to 1000 in increments of 100 units, as well as a few other basic numbers.


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[Assistant] As you can see, numbers from 200 to 900 end with СТИ, СТА, О, СОТ.


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[Assistant] All these endings are variations of the word 100.


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[Assistant] Сто,сти,ста,сот. And as you can see, the number is from 500 to 900 and with СОТ.


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[Assistant] And three other numbers that you will probably need to use someday. One thousand. Тысяча. Or одна тысяча. Тысяча. One hundred thousand. Сто тысяч. Сто тысяч. One million. Миллион. Миллион. Or или


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[Assistant] Please write down these numbers so as not to forget.


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[Assistant] And we are moving on. Let's see how you can name numbers consisting of tens and ones. As an example, we will take a number consisting of two tens. So, now we will try to name numbers from 21 to 29.


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[Assistant] With all the other tens, the numbers will sound similar. The logic here is similar to how these numbers are pronounced in English. You just need to form a phrase consisting of a word corresponding to the number of tens and a word indicating how many ones are in a given number. We will take the number 20, двадцать, as a base. Двадцать.


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[Assistant] So, let's try to say the number 21.


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[Assistant] The number 21 consists of 20, 20, 20 and 1. 21 is двадцать один. Okay, next number 22. 20, двадцать, двадцать, two, два.


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[Assistant] Dva. Twenty-two is dvatsyt' dva. Dvatsyt' dva. Let's move on. Twenty-three. Twenty. Dvatsyt'. Three. Tri. Tri. Twenty-three is dvatsyt' tri. Dvatsyt' tri. Twenty-four. Twenty. Dvatsyt'. Four.


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[Assistant] Четыре. Четыре. Twenty four is двадцать четыре. Двадцать четыре. Twenty five. Twenty. Двадцать. Five. Пять. Пять. Twenty five. Двадцать пять. Двадцать пять.


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[Assistant] Next number, twenty-six, twenty, двадцать, six, шесть, шесть. Twenty-six is двадцать шесть, двадцать шесть. Twenty-seven, twenty, двадцать, seven, семь, семь. Twenty-seven, двадцать семь, двадцать семь.


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[Assistant] Twenty-eight. Twenty. Dvatsat'ch. Eit. Vosim. Dvatsat'ch. Vosim. Dvatsat'ch. Vosim. And the last one. Twenty-nine. Twenty. Dvatsat'ch. Nine. Devit'ch. Devit'ch. Twenty-nine. Dvatsat'ch. Devit'ch. Dvatsat'ch. Devit'ch.


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[Assistant] As I said, all other numbers consisting of a larger number of tens will be formed in a similar way. For example, 30, 30, and then


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[Assistant] I hope you don't have any difficulties understanding this game, so keep practicing on your own, and good luck!


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[Assistant] And I wanna tell you about modification of voiced consonants.


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[Assistant] In Russian as well as in English, the consonants are divided into two categories. Voiced and voiceless consonants. The voiced consonants.


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[Assistant] In Russian, some consonants have voiced or unvoiced counterparts.


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[Assistant] There are six pairs. The first pair is b p b p


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[Assistant] So, the Russian voiced consonants can be in a weak position and because of the specifics of the Russian articulation, voiced consonants in a weak position can be modified. The voiced consonant is pronounced like the corresponding to it voiceless sound.


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[Assistant] The modification takes place in two cases. If the voiced consonant is in the end of a word or if it is before voiceless consonants. Let's take a closer look at the first case.


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[Assistant] A voice consonant at the end of a word. For example, in the word друг, which means friend.


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[Assistant] But we pronounce it as друг, друг.


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[Assistant] And the reason is that the voiced consonant G at the end of the word is read as a paired to it voiceless consonant.


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[Assistant] G changed to k, druk. Next example, the word klup, which means club. The voiced consonant b changed to p, klup, klup. And one more example, the word etash, etash.


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[Assistant] Which means a floor. A floor in a building.


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[Assistant] First floor, second floor. Первый этаж, второй этаж, and so on. The voice consonant Ж changes to Ш. Ж, Ш. Not этаж, but этаж, этаж.


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[Assistant] Okay, and the second case for this row. A voiced consonant before voiceless consonants. For example, in the word «сказка», which means fairytale.


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[Assistant] Just look, the voiced consonant Z stands before the voiceless consonant Z.


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[Assistant] That's why we pronounce Z as its voiceless analogue.


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[Assistant] Z, s. Not skazka, but skaska. Skaska. Z goes to s. Skaska.


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[Assistant] And the second example is the word Выставка, which means exhibition.


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[Assistant] The voiced consonant v stands before the voiceless consonant.


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[Assistant] Okay, I hope you understood this rule. It will help you to better comprehend words and understand native speakers. In this lesson, there will be several examples that are suitable for this rule as well. And finally, let's talk about food, my friend.


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[Assistant] Food in Russian is еда, еда.


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[Assistant] Since the first е is unstressed, that's why it sounds like something between е and е. еда, еда.


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[Assistant] B is at the end of this word. That's why it's read like the voiceless consonant.


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[Assistant] Bread. Хлеп. Next word. Rice. Рис. Рис. Egg. Яйцо. Яйцо. Meat. Мясо. Мясо. Pork. Свинина.


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[Assistant] The next group of words is vegetables. Vegetables in Russian is овощи. овощи. Lettuce. Латук. О или Салат латук. Латук. Салат латук. Салат means salad. Салат латук. Onion.


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[Assistant] Look, look. Garlic in Russian is чеснок, чеснок. Okay, next word. Pepper, перец, перец. Carrot in Russian is морковь, морковь.


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[Assistant] I want to remind you that the first O is unstressed, that's why it sounds like A.


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[Assistant] And one more moment. The voice-softened consonant V at the end of this word sounds like a paired voiceless consonant F.


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[Assistant] Okay, let's move on, and the next word is tomato.


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[Assistant] I get the second one is much easier to remember. You just need to cut off the last letter O from the English version of this word. Тамат. Great! Now let's get to the fruit. Fruit in Russian is фрукты. Фрукты.


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[Assistant] And the first place of honor in this group is taken by an apple. Next word. Banana. Banana in Russian is банан.


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[Assistant] Yes, it's as simple as possible. You just need to cut off the last letter from the English version. Next word.


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[Assistant] Ananas. Pineapple in Russian is ananas. Strawberry. Klubnika. Klub-ni-ka. Klubnika.


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[Assistant] So strawberry in Russian is клубника. The next word is grape. виноград виноград


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[Assistant] How you could hear, the voiced consonant D at the end of this word also sounds like the paired voiceless consonant T. виноград


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[Assistant] Moreover, now you can learn one more word in Russian. Since wine is made from grapes, from виноград, виноград, in Russian, wine is called вино, вино, виноград, вино, виноград. There is only a difference in stress.


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[Assistant] Okay, now let's talk about drinks. Drink in Russian is напиток.


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[Assistant] We already know one word, and it's water. Vada. Vada.


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[Assistant] But now it's time to get acquainted with new words. Milk. Молоко. Молоко. Milk in Russian is молоко. The next word is tea. Чай. Чай.


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[Assistant] If you like adding sugar to tea, then you need to know how to call sugar in Russian. Sugar in Russian is сахар.


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[Assistant] If you prefer a healthier analogue of sugar and use honey, then write down that honey in Russian is мёд, мёд, мёд.


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[Assistant] By the way, have you noticed that the voiced consonant Д at the end of this word also sounds like the paired voiceless consonant Т? Not Мёд, but Мёд. Мёд.


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[Assistant] So, we just looked at the words from the food category. Now let's learn the wonderful phrase. I want. How to say I want in Russian? In Russian it will be Я хочу. Я хочу. I. Я. Want. Хочу. I want.


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[Assistant] Also, let's take a look at this useful coordinating conjunction И. It means ant. Ant in Russian is И. For example, I want fruit and meat. Я хочу фрукты и мясо. Я хочу фрукты и мясо. Animals in Russian is Животные.


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[Assistant] Животные. Животные. Let's start. A cat in Russian is кот. кот.


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[Assistant] This word ends with the consonant т. That's why it's masculine. Next word.


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[Assistant] And again, this word ends with the vowel A, so it's feminine.


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[Assistant] It's masculine. As well as the word Liev. Liev. Which means lion.


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[Assistant] A line in Russian is лев, лев.


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[Assistant] Please note that the voiced consonant В at the end of this word sounds like the paired voiceless consonant Ф. Лев. Okay, let's move on. Bear. Медведь.


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[Assistant] Similarly to the previous word, the voiced consonant D sounds like the paired voiceless consonant T. Медведь. Медведь. A bear in Russian is медведь. The next word is horse. A horse in Russian is лошадь. Лошадь. Лошадь.


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[Assistant] It's feminine. Tiger. It's the masculine gender.


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[Assistant] A sheep in Russian is овца, овца, sheep овца, and it's feminine as well.


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[Assistant] And the last animal for today is a duck. Utka. Utka. A duck in Russian is utka. It's feminine.


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[Assistant] Namely, we will talk about the verbs of the first conjunction in the present tense in Russian. Ready? Okay, let's get started.


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[Assistant] And first of all, I wanna start with the good news. In Russian, there is only one present tense. Only one.


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[Assistant] The bad news is that in the present tense the endings of the verbs change depending on person and number. Each person has its ending.


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[Assistant] Next point worth mentioning. Russian verbs in the infinitive form usually end with tch.


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[Assistant] And answer it to the question What to do? Что делать? What? Что do делать? Что делать?


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[Assistant] In Russian exists two conjugations of verbs. Usually the first conjugation in the infinitive form ends with АТЬ, АТЬ or ЯТЬ.


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[Assistant] As an example, I indicated the following verbs. The verb TO DO. ДЕЛОТЬ. ДЕЛАТЬ. It ends with АТЬ. TO WORK. РАБОТОТЬ. РАБОТАТЬ. Next example. TO WALK. ГУЛЯТЬ.


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[Assistant] The second conjugation in the infinitive form ends with ИТЬ, ИТЬ, and sometimes with ЕТЬ, ЕТЬ.


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[Assistant] And the first example of the second conjugation verb is the verb to speak. Говорить. Говорить. It ends with ИТЬ. Next example, the verb to watch. Смотреть. Смотреть. Next example, помнить. To remember. Говорить. To speak. Смотреть.


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[Assistant] To watch, помнить, to remember, говорить, смотреть, помнить.


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[Assistant] This is a general scheme for distinguishing the conjugation of verbs. However, there are exclusions, of course, but we will talk about it later.


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[Assistant] In this lesson we will learn forming the present tense of the first conjugation.


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[Assistant] Using the verb of the first conjugation, we take the infinitive form and change


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[Assistant] To the corresponding personal ending, which you find in this table.


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[Assistant] First person, singular. The ending, you. You.


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[Assistant] Second person, singular. The ending – yesh, yesh.


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[Assistant] Yet. Pay attention that the pronouns он, она, оно, he, she, it, third person have a common ending. Yet, yet. Okay, first person plural, the ending ем, ем. Second person plural, the ending ете, ете.


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[Assistant] 3rd person plural, the ending ют, ют. Please write down the scheme.


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[Assistant] So, one more time. Using the verb of the first conjugation ending with АТЬ or ЯТЬ,


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[Assistant] It's necessary to replace the ending


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[Assistant] With the corresponding personal ending, which you can find in this table.


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[Assistant] To practice, let's start by learning a few basic verbs of the first conjugation. Get ready to write down and repeat after me. And the first verb is to run. Бегать. Бегать. To run. Бегать.


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[Assistant] As you can see, this verb ends with АТЬ. АТЬ. БЕГОТЬ. This is the verb of the first conjugation. To run. БЕГОТЬ. Next verb. To walk. ГУЛЯТЬ.


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[Assistant] This verb ends with ЯТЬ. This ending tells us that this is the verb of the first conjugation.


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[Assistant] This verb also ends with АТЬ.


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[Assistant] Which tells us that this is the verb of the first conjugation. Let's summarize.


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[Assistant] Okay, now let's practice and see how the verbs will change depending on which pronoun we use them with. But first, let's remember the pronouns in Russian. I. Я. Я. You. Ты. Ты. He. Он. Он. She. Она. Она. It.


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[Assistant] So, in order to say I run, for example, we need to take the infinitive form of our verb БЕГОТЬ to run БЕГОТЬ and change ТЕ


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[Assistant] To the corresponding personal ending you, you.


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[Assistant] As you can see, I separated the ending


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[Assistant] With a vertical line so that you understand which part of the word remains unchanged and which will be replaced.


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[Assistant] If you want to say you run in Russian, you need to change ть to the ending еш. БЕГОТЬ changes to БЕГОЕШЬ. You run. Ты БЕГОЕШЬ.


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[Assistant] Next group. He runs, she runs, it runs. The pronouns он, he,


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[Assistant] Она – she and оно – it have the common ending yet. He runs. Он бегает. Он бегает. She runs. Она бегает. Она бегает. It runs. Оно бегает. Оно бегает.


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[Assistant] Okay, let's move on. First person, plural.


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[Assistant] And we take the infinitive form of our verb and change


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[Assistant] To the corresponding personal ending ЕМ. Мы бегаем. We run. Мы бегаем. Мы бегаем. Second person plural. You run. The ending ТИ changes to the ending ЕТЕ. You run. Вы бегаете. Вы бегаете. You run. Вы бегаете.


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[Assistant] She runs. Она бегает. It runs. Оно бегает. We run. Мы бегаем. You run. Вы бегаете. They run. Они бегают.


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[Assistant] I understand that this is probably very difficult, but let's continue to practice to make it easier. And our next verb is the verb TO WALK.


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[Assistant] The ending for the first person singular is U.


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[Assistant] The ending to change to the ending you. I walk. You walk.


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[Assistant] The ending tch changed to the ending yesh. You walk.


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[Assistant] The ending for the third person singular is yet, so we will change the ending to the ending yet. He walks. Он гуляет. Он гуляет. She walks. Она гуляет. Она гуляет. It walks. Оно гуляет. Оно гуляет. We walk. Мы гуляем. Мы гуляем.


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[Assistant] We walk. You walk. They walk. And let's practice with our third verb – to jump.


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[Assistant] Let's take the infinity form and change Ч to the corresponding personal ending. I jump. Я прыгаю. Я прыгаю. You jump. Ты прыгаешь. Ты прыгаешь. He jumps. Он прыгает. She jumps. Она прыгает. Она прыгает. It jumps.


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[Assistant] Great job. Really. We have more practice ahead, so I'm sure you will master it. You'll master it perfectly. And now let's add two adverbs to your vocabulary.


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[Assistant] The most part of Russian adverbs has the ending О. And here's the first adverb for you. Fast. Быстро. Быстро. Fast in Russian is Быстро. The second adverb is Slowly. Медленно. Медленно. Slowly in Russian is Медленно.


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[Assistant] Remembered the modifications of the verb of the first conjugation and now let's learn a few new verbs.


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[Assistant] And here we see a useful phrase consisting of the verb TO DO and the noun EXERCISE. TO DO EXERCISE Делать упражнение Делать упражнение TO DO Делать EXERCISE упражнение упражнение The next verb is TO SWIM


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[Assistant] Плавать. Плавать. To swim in Russian is Плавать. Next verb. To dance. Танцевать. Танцевать. To dance. Танцевать. And one more time. Танцевать. This is probably my favorite exercise and activity. And we are moving on.


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[Assistant] And the next verb is to lift up. Поднимать. Поднимать. Поднимать. To lift up in Russian is поднимать.


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[Assistant] So, we learned 5 new verbs, now let's see how they will change depending on person and number.


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[Assistant] Since now we are learning verbs of the first conjugation, respectively, we will use this table. And here is our first verb. ДЕЛОТЬ. ДЕЛОТЬ. It means to do or to make.


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[Assistant] And I want to remind you that this vertical line separates the unchanging part


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[Assistant] From the ending which will change depending on the person and the number.


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[Assistant] Elsa, I want to remind you that there is only one present tense in Russian. Therefore, if you want to say in Russian I do, I am doing, I have been doing


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[Assistant] For all three cases we use only one skim.


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[Assistant] Also, please note that this scheme doesn't work for the present perfect tense in English. The analog of the present perfect tense will be the past tense in Russian, but we will talk about it later. So, I do, I am doing, I have been doing, Я делаю. You do, you are doing, you have been doing, Ты делаешь.


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[Assistant] I hope you understand that there is only one present tense in Russian, therefore I will use only one analogue of the English present tense to save you time. He does. She does. It does.


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[Assistant] Or he makes, she makes, it makes. Он делает, она делает, оно делает. We do, we make. Мы делаем. Мы делаем. You do or you make. Вы делаете. Вы делаете. They do, they make. Они делают.


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[Assistant] Okay, now let's see how the verb to swim changes. To swim in Russian is плавать, плавать.


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[Assistant] And the scheme is the same. We will take the infinitive form and change Т to the corresponding personal ending. I swim. Я плаваю. Я плаваю. You swim. Ты плаваешь. Ты плаваешь. Ты плаваешь. He swims. Он плавает. Он плавает. She swims.


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[Assistant] Are you ready for a motor vehicle case? I hope so. Let's figure out how the verb TO DANCE is conjugated. To dance in Russian is танцевать. Танцевать. And everything is fine with this ending.


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[Assistant] Because it changes to the corresponding personal ending normally. But the problem is in the underlined part of this verb. This part is only in the infinitive.


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[Assistant] When conjugating, this part of the word is replaced in all cases by uuuh.


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[Assistant] So the unchanging part in all forms will be not танцева, but танцу. I dance. Я танцую. Я танцую. You dance. Ты танцуешь. Ты танцуешь. He dances. Он танцует. Он танцует. She dances. Она танцует.


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[Assistant] Она танцует. It dances. Оно танцует. Оно танцует. We dance. Мы танцуем. Мы танцуем. You dance. Вы танцуете. Вы танцуете. They dance. Они танцуют. Они танцуют.


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[Assistant] Okay, now it's time to conjugate the verb to lift up. Я поднимаю. Ты поднимаешь. Он поднимает. Она поднимает. Оно поднимает.


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[Assistant] This time I didn't use the translation in English, and I hope that this didn't make it difficult to understand, because over time I will translate less so that you get used to the Russian language more.


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[Assistant] And we have the last verb we learned before to conjugate. This is the verb to play. Играть. Играть. Try to repeat after me, okay? Я играю.


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[Assistant] Now the time to do the exercise. Now. Сейчас. Time. Время. To do. Делать. Exercise. Упражнение. Сейчас время делать упражнение. So, here you see the new verb. To begin. Начинать. Начинать. Начинать. So,


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[Assistant] Your task is to make conjugation for this verb and fill in this table.


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[Assistant] Take your time, and when you are ready, check the correct answers.


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[Assistant] Okay, ready? Let's see what we've got. Our verb is to begin. Начинать. Я начинаю. Я начинаю. Ты начинаешь. Ты начинаешь. Он начинает. Он начинает. Она начинает. Она начинает. Оно начинает.


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[Assistant] Check it with your version and understand what the problem is.


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[Assistant] But we are moving on and in this lesson I would also like to tell you about the phrase I like and I don't like.


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[Assistant] Let's try to figure out how to say I like in Russian.


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[Assistant] In order to say I like in Russian, we use such a phrase. Мне нравится. Мне нравится. Let me explain it.


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[Assistant] Russian is a null-subject language, so it allows constructing sentences without subjects. It means that we have impersonal sentences. So instead of using pronoun I, yeah,


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[Assistant] We use dative form of this pronoun. Мне. Мне.


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[Assistant] Because dative impersonals usually express personal feelings, where experiencer in dative case can possibly be considered as subject. For example, if we want to say I feel bad, we say Мне плохо.


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[Assistant] If I want to say, I feel good, I say, мне хорошо, мне хорошо.


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[Assistant] Хорошо, it's also their adverb, and it means good. So, if we want to say I like, we say Мне нравится. Мне нравится. Мне нравится.


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[Assistant] Don't worry, the cases of the Russian language, including the dative case, we will study later. But for now, just remember this useful phrase. Мне нравиться.


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[Assistant] Okay, good. But what to do if you don't like something?


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[Assistant] For this, let's see how negation is formed in Russian. Actually, everything is not so hard, because in order to convert any statement into a negation, all you need to do is to place не, it means no, before the word you want to negate. I dance. Я танцую.


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[Assistant] But if I don't dance, it means that I want to negate the word Tantsuyu.


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[Assistant] So, I add не before the verb. Я не танцую. Я не танцую. I don't dance. Я не танцую. He swims. Он плавает. He doesn't swim. Он не плавает. You run. Вы бегаете. You don't run. Вы не бегаете.


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[Assistant] As you can see, the negation in Russian is formed the same regardless of person and number. Therefore, if you want to say I don't like, in Russian it will be Мне не нравится. Мне не нравится. Мне не нравится.


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[Assistant] the present tense of the second conjugation ropes.


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[Assistant] Also let me remind you of a few key points. First of all, there exists only one present tense form in Russian.


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[Assistant] Secondly, in the present tense, the endings of the verbs change depending on person and number, and each person has its ending.


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[Assistant] Also you can see the table, which shows the endings typical for the first and second conjugation verbs.


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[Assistant] This is a general table, but I want to warn you that verbs in Russian have quite a few exceptions and other features, so the conjugation of many verbs must be studied in detail and memorized individually.


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[Assistant] Now let's talk in more detail about the verbs of the second conjugation and how the ending of these verbs change depending on person and number with which a verb is used.


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[Assistant] Please note that when we form the present tense of verbs of the first conjugation, we remove the two last letters.


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[Assistant] For the first person singular, we change the infinitive ending ИТЬ or ЕТЬ to the ending У or Ю.


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[Assistant] For the second person singular we changed the infinitive ending to the ending ish, ish.


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[Assistant] For the first person plural, we take the infinitive form and change ИТЬ or ЕТЬ to the ending ИМ. The second person plural has the ending ИТЕ.


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[Assistant] And for the third-person plural we take the infinitive form and change ИТЬ or ЕТЬ


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[Assistant] Please write down this table, because now we will look at new verbs in the infinitive form and then we will work on each of them using our knowledge of verb conjugation.


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[Assistant] And our first new verb for today is the verb to speak.


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[Assistant] As you can see, this verb has the ending ИТЬ. ГоворИТЬ. ИТЬ.


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[Assistant] So, this is the verb of the second conjugation.


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[Assistant] Next verb. To look or to watch. СМОТРЕТЬ


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[Assistant] It means that this is the verb of the second conjugation. To look or to watch in Russian is СМОТРИТЬ. To remember. ПОМНИТЬ. ПОМНИТЬ. To walk. ХОДИТЬ. ХОДИТЬ.


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[Assistant] Also you know the synonym for this word.


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[Assistant] However, if we compare these two verbs, then the verb ХОДИТЬ


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[Assistant] is closer to the meaning of movement due to the movement of the legs and the verb гулять, гулять have the connotation to have a stroll to walk, ходить next verb to see, видеть, видеть


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[Assistant] Since the vowel Е is unstressed, I pronounce it as И, видеть, видеть, to see, видеть. The next important verb is the verb to have, иметь, иметь.


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[Assistant] To have, иметь, иметь. To go, идти, идти, идти.


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[Assistant] In this word, the combination of the letter И and the letter Д sounds like ИТТИ, not like ИДТИ, but ИТТИ. Okay, let's move on. To be able to. МОЧ


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[Assistant] Okay, this was the last verb in today's lesson, which means that now is the time to look at each of them in more detail and conjugate.


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[Assistant] We will use the table that I showed before and replace the ending ИТЬ or the ending ЕТЬ with the following endings. Говорить. To speak.


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[Assistant] We take the infinitive form and change ИТЬ to the ending Ю for the first person singular. Я говорю.


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[Assistant] Первое лицо единственное число. Я говорю.


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[Assistant] Первое. First. Лицо. Person. Единственное. Singular. Число. Number. Я говорю. Second person. Singular. Второе лицо. Единственное число. Second. Второе. Person. Лицо.


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[Assistant] Singular, единственное number, число. Второе лицо, единственное число. Ты говоришь. Ты говоришь. Ты говоришь. Third person, singular number. Третье лицо, единственное число. Third, третья person, лицо.


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[Assistant] The first face is a plural number. We speak. The second face is a plural number.


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[Assistant] Person, лицо, plural, множественное number, число. Вы говорите. Вы говорите. Вы говорите. Третье лицо, множественное число. Third, третье, person, лицо, plural, множественное number, число. Они говорят.


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[Assistant] Good, I hope you're ready to move on to the next verb. СМОТРЕТЬ, СМОТРЕТЬ, which means to look, to watch. ПЕРВОЕ ЛИЦО ЕДИНСТВЕННОЕ ЧИСЛО.


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[Assistant] Первое. First. Лицо. Person. Единственное. Singler. Число. Number. Я смотрю. Я смотрю.


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[Assistant] We take the infinitive form and change the ending ЕТЬ to the ending Ю. Я СМОТРЮ.


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[Assistant] Similarly, we will take the infinitive form and change the ending yet to the corresponding personal ending.


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[Assistant] Первое First – лицо Person – множественное plural – число number Мы смотрим. Мы смотрим. Мы смотрим. Второе лицо – множественное число Второе Second – лицо Person – множественное plural – число number Вы смотрите. Вы смотрите.


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[Assistant] Вы смотрите. Третье лицо – множественное число.


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[Assistant] Third, third, лицо, person, plural, число, number. Они смотрят. Они смотрят. Они смотрят. Next verb, to remember. Помнить. Помнить. Первое лицо, единственное число. Я помню. Я помню.


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[Assistant] You remember. You remember. The third person is a plural. They remember. They remember. Next verb. To walk. To walk.


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[Assistant] Please note that for the first person singular, the letter D change to the letter Ж. Итак, so. Первое лицо единственное число. Я хожу. Я хожу. Второе лицо единственное число. Ты ходишь. Ты ходишь. Третье лицо


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[Assistant] Lesson by lesson I will use less and less English and switch to Russian. And I hope that you start to get used to it and immerse yourself in Russian.


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[Assistant] But we are moving on and our next verb is to see. видеть. видеть. Первое лицо единственное число. Я вижу. Я вижу. Второе лицо единственное число. Ты видишь. Ты видишь. Третье лицо единственное число. Он видит. Она.


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[Assistant] And despite the ending ЕТЬ


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[Assistant] This verb refers to the verb of the first conjugation. Please write this table down and repeat after me.


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[Assistant] It was the verb TO HAVE.


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[Assistant] But if you want to say in Russian, I have, you should use the phrase У меня есть. And as you can see, this construction has different logic. In the Russian language, есть.


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[Assistant] Есть is an archaic form of the verb to be in the present tense. And this form is literally translated into English as there is or there are. And it's used only in this construction.


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[Assistant] So, if you wanna say, I have a book, for example, in Russian it will be У меня есть книга.


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[Assistant] У меня есть книга. I have a book.


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[Assistant] I have a dog, and so on. In one more moment, please pay attention that the phrase у меня, у меня,


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[Assistant] Means in my life or in the space of my life. So we use this phrase to describe our mood, our state, our life.


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[Assistant] Итак, so, the phrase У меня все хорошо means I'm fine. У меня, in my life,


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[Assistant] Все, everything, хорошо, is fine. У меня все хорошо. Everything is fine in my life.


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[Assistant] This is a very useful phrase, so be sure to write it down, okay?


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[Assistant] And next in line we have an irregular verb to go. ИТИ. Я ИДУ. Ты ИДЕШЬ. Он ИДЕТ. Она ИДЕТ.


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[Assistant] Please, repeat after me, because there is no other way to learn it.


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[Assistant] It's also an irregular verb, so let's practice conjugating it.


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[Assistant] Since this is an irregular verb, you know what to do, right? It means repeat after me.


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[Assistant] She can. She can. We can. You can. They can.


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[Assistant] Great job, my friend! Great job, really! Important verbs, part three. Важные глаголы, часть третья. Важные, important, глаголы, verbs. Часть третья, part three. And the first and really important verb is to know. Знать. Знать. To know in Russian is знать.


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[Assistant] As usual, first we will make a general overview of all the verbs and then conjugate each of them. Next verb.


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[Assistant] To think. Думать. Думать. Думать. To think in Russian is думать.


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[Assistant] And the next verb is to listen.


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[Assistant] To buy in Russian is покупать. Next verb. To give. давать.


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[Assistant] And the last verb we will work with in this lesson is the verb TO PUT. Класть. Класть. Класть. To put in Russian is Класть.


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[Assistant] Okay, now let's move on to the main part of today's lesson. Perhaps you have noticed that most of the verbs that I just showed you end with the ending АТЬ, АТЬ.


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[Assistant] This means that these verbs belong to the first conjugation. So now you can see the table for the first conjugation verbs so that you understand what to rely on. Итак.


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[Assistant] So, let's talk about conjugating our first verb. Знать. To know. Знать. Первое лицо единственное число. First person singular. Я знаю. Я знаю. I know. We change the ending ть to the ending ю. I know. Я знаю.


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[Assistant] We change the ending ть to the ending еш. Ты знаеш. Третье лицо единственное число. Third person singular. Он знает. Он знает. He knows. Она знает. Она знает. She knows. Оно знает. Оно знает.


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[Assistant] It knows. We changed the ending to the ending yet. Первое лицо множественное число. First person plural. Мы знаем. Мы знаем. We know. Второе лицо множественное число. Second person plural. Вы знаете. Вы знаете. You know.


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[Assistant] We change the ending –ть to the ending –ете. Третье лицо – множественное число. Third person – plural. Они знают. Они знают. They know. We change the ending –ть to the ending –ют. Они знают. Let's put it all together. Я знаю. Ты знаешь. Он знает.


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[Assistant] You understand. You understand. You understand. He understands. She understands.


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[Assistant] They understand. Let's put it all together. Next verb. Думать. To think. Думать. Я думаю.


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[Assistant] I think. You think. You think. You think. He thinks. He thinks. She thinks. She thinks. It thinks.


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[Assistant] Okay, ready to move on? And our next verb is to listen. Слушать. Слушать. Я слушаю. Я слушаю. I listen. Ты слушаешь. Ты слушаешь. You listen. Он слушает. Он слушает. He listens. Она слушает.


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[Assistant] To buy. Pokupat' Ya pokupayu. Ya pokupayu. I buy. Ty pokupayesh? Ty pokupayesh. You buy. On pokupayet. On pokupayet. He buys. Ana pokupayet. Ana pokupayet. She buys. Ano pokupayet.


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[Assistant] Оно покупает. It buys. Мы покупаем. Мы покупаем. We buy. Вы покупаете. Вы покупаете. You buy. Они покупают. Они покупают. They buy. The next verb is to give. давать. давать.


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[Assistant] Please pay attention that I have put the vertical line before VATCH.


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[Assistant] It means that we will change the ending вать to the corresponding personal ending. I give. Я даю. Я даю. You give. Ты даешь. Ты даешь. He gives. Он дает. Он дает. She gives. Она дает. Она дает. It gives. Оно


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[Assistant] You probably noticed that in some cases the letter E is replaced by the letter U.


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[Assistant] As I said, unfortunately, there are many peculiarities in the Russian language, which is why we consider each studied verb in their conjugations in such detail.


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[Assistant] But the good news is that the letter ЙО is always under stress. So in words where you see the letter ЙО, you don't need to think about which syllable to put the stress on, because it's uniquely defined.


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[Assistant] But we are moving on and our next verb is to want. Хотеть. Хотеть.


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[Assistant] The peculiarity of this verb is that in the singular


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[Assistant] The given verb is conjugated at the verb of the first conjugation. And in the plural, at the verb of the second conjugation. Also, in the singular, the letter Т change to the letter Ч. I want. Я хочу. Я хочу. You want. Ты хочешь. Ты хочешь. He wants. Он хочет.


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[Assistant] The next verb we will work on is the verb to eat.


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[Assistant] Usually the topic of food is very popular, so it's a useful verb. And let's put it all together. I eat. You eat. He eats. She eats. She eats. We eat. You eat. They eat.


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[Assistant] And the last verb of today's lesson is to put. Класть. Класть.


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[Assistant] This is the verb of the first conjugation. However, when conjugating, it's necessary to replace the ending


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[Assistant] Мы кладем. Вы кладете. Они кладут.


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[Assistant] Wonderful! Wonderful! Прекрасно! Прекрасно! Now we will start with a theory that you are already familiar with, but which needs to be consolidated. And after that there will be several slides with new information.


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[Assistant] First of all, let's discuss the key points. In Russian articulation the main force is transferred to the front zone of the vocal tract.


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[Assistant] Differences between spelling and pronunciation are insignificant and easy to remember.


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[Assistant] You read all letters in the word, apart from a few rare exceptions.


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[Assistant] Else I wanted to mention that in Russian de-fongs don't exist.


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[Assistant] The reading of Russian letters which express vowels doesn't depend on the type of syllable in which the letter is included. Word stress in Russian.


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[Assistant] In Russian, the stress isn't fixed and can fall on every alternate syllable.


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[Assistant] Being stressed, the valves have the maximum intensity, so the pronunciation of the sound is extended and clear.


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[Assistant] In an unstressed position it is as if all vowels would lose their intensity. So the pronunciation is shorter and weak.


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[Assistant] Also today I would like to tell about reading rules for unstressed walls.


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[Assistant] I've already said that all vowels in an unstressed position are pronounced shortly and weakly, but the absence of stress has a special influence on the pronunciation of the vowels О, Е, and Я. So, the unstressed О


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[Assistant] In an unstressed position, the letter О read as a weak А, like in a word Россия, Россия, Russia, Москва, Moscow. The unstressed Е.


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[Assistant] In an unstressed position we read it as a weak И. For example, telephone. Телефон. Телефон. Театр. Театр. Театр. The unstressed Я.


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[Assistant] In an unstressed position we read it as something between Й and ЙЕ. For example, egg, яйцо, яйцо, Japan, Япония, Япония,


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[Assistant] Let's talk about hard and soft consonants.


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[Assistant] In Russian, most consonants can be hard and soft. This phonetic phenomenon doesn't exist in English, where consonants are pronounced exclusively hardly.


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[Assistant] Fifteen Russian consonants have correlative pairs. Three consonants are always hard and three consonants are always soft. Let's take a look.


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[Assistant] The correlative pair for м is м. The sound м is hard, the sound м is soft. м, м, б.


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[Assistant] And consonants ch, sh, ye are always soft.


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[Assistant] The hardness or softness of a consonant depends on the vowel after it. So, for the designation of the hardness of the previous consonant, we use these vowels. A, u, o, ö and ü.


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[Assistant] For the designation of the softness of the previous consonant, we use soft sign and


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[Assistant] Now let's supplement the previous information with a new theory.


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[Assistant] In Russian, some consonants exist only in the hard form.


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[Assistant] And some consonants exist only in the soft form. The letters Ж, Ш, Ц don't have a soft counterpart.


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[Assistant] This means that even if after this consonant there are vowels indicating the softness of the previous consonant, they still sound hard. And also the vowel sounds different. And the letters Y, CH, SH.


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[Assistant] Don't have a hard counterpart. Here the situation is the opposite. Even if after these consonants there are walls indicating the hardness of the previous consonant, they still sound soft. Let's take a look at specific examples.


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[Assistant] For example, despite the fact that after ж, ш, ч,


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[Assistant] Sh, the letter y are never written, the letter i after the hard consonants zh, sh, ts is read like the sound y, like in the word zhyzny, zhyzny, which means life.


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[Assistant] The letter И is written, however, after the hard consonant Ж we hear Ы. Жизнь. Next word. Машина. Машина. Машина. Car. In the word Вакцина,


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[Assistant] Vak-cy-na. Vak-cy-na. We also see the letter И after the consonant Ц.


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[Assistant] And we read it as yy, vakcyyna, vakcyyna, vaksyn. Okay, the next point is that the letter ye, ye, after the hard consonants zh, sh, ts, is read like the sound e, e, like in the word zhenshina, which means woman, zhenn, shi, na, zhenshina.


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[Assistant] Or like in the word шериф. Шериф. And here the example with the consonant Ц. Центр. Центр. Which means center.


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[Assistant] After the hard consonants Ж, Ж, Ц sounds as О, О, like in the word ЖОЛТЫЙ, ЖОЛТЫЙ, yellow, ЖОЛТЫЙ. Okay, great.


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[Assistant] I would also like to say that all these words are given as examples, so it's absolutely normal that many of them are unknown to you. But don't worry, in this course and the next lessons we will study many topics in detail and you will have an excellent vocabulary as a result.


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[Assistant] Also, let's refresh the rule related to the modification of consonants in Russian.


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[Assistant] In Russian some consonants have voiced or unvoiced counterparts. There are 6 pairs. The first pair is БП, then ВФ.


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[Assistant] So, the Russian voiced consonants can be in a weak position, and because of the specifics of Russian articulation, voiced consonants in a weak position can be modified.


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[Assistant] The voiced consonant is pronounced like the corresponding to it voiceless sound.


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[Assistant] The modification takes place in two cases. If the voice consonant is in the end of a word, or if it is before voiceless consonants. So, to make the plural form of a noun, you need to define two moments. The first moment – the gender of the noun.


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[Assistant] The second moment. It's necessary to determine the noun ends with a hard or soft ending.


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[Assistant] Don't worry, now we'll review the theory for these steps.


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[Assistant] To determine the gender of a noun, you need to pay attention to how this noun ends. The ending masculine nouns. Consonant. Икратка. Soft sign. Тель. And Арь. Examples. Дом. Чай. День. Писатель. Календарь. And of course we have exceptions. The words


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[Assistant] мужчина, man, папа, dad, дядя, uncle, дедушка, grandfather, and кофе, coffee.


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[Assistant] The words мужчина, дедушка, дядя, папа, regardless of their ending belong to the masculine gender, because they refer to male person. The word кофе, кофей,


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[Assistant] Regardless of its ending, yeah belongs to the masculine gender as well. The ending of female nouns.


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[Assistant] Examples. Женщина. Семья. Новость. Любовь. Ночь. The ending of neuter nouns. О and Е. Examples. Утро. Море. Exceptions. Время. Time. Имя. Name.


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[Assistant] Great, let's get to the second step – hard and soft endings.


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[Assistant] Nouns can end with both consonants and vowels. So let's remember about hard and soft consonants and hard and soft vowels separately.


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[Assistant] As you can remember, there are 18 hard consonants in Russian, among which 3 don't have a soft pair. Therefore, if the noun ends with a consonant,


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[Assistant] Then this is the hard ending.


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[Assistant] But if we add the soft sign to the 15 consonants having the soft pair, then we will get


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[Assistant] The soft ending. It can be the ending meh, bih, pih.


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[Assistant] And of course, the ending is considered soft if the word ends with ch, sh, ye. Since these consonants are always soft.


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[Assistant] Great, now let's move on to hard and soft vowels. The hard variants of the ending of a noun in the singular A, O, A and O.


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[Assistant] If a noun in the singular ends with Я or Е, Я, Е, then this is a soft ending.


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[Assistant] Okay, and now we're ready to move on to the main part of today's lesson. Let's talk about formation of plural nouns.


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[Assistant] Here you can see the table, which I strongly advise you to write down, so that it would be easier for you to remember the mechanism of transition from singular to plural.


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[Assistant] Let's discuss what we see. Generally, masculine and feminine nouns have the same endings in the plural. It is the ending ü, ü in the hard variant and the ending ii, ii in the soft variant.


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[Assistant] The plural of masculine nouns in the hard variant is formed by simply adding the ending Ы. For example, the word tomato. томат, томат. In the singular, томаты, in the plural. томат, plus Ы, томаты. томат, томаты.


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[Assistant] Banana, banan, banan in the singular, banany, banany in the plural, banan plus yy, banany.


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[Assistant] If a masculine noun in the ending has a soft consonant, the plural is formed by changing Е, or the soft sign, into the ending И. И. For example, writer. Писатель. Писатель. In the singular. Писатель. In the plural. Писатели.


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[Assistant] We changed the soft sign into И. Писатели. Писатели. Писатель. Писатели. Museum. Музей. In the singular and in the plural. Музеи. Музеи. Музей. Музеи.


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[Assistant] Okay, let's move on. The plural of feminine nouns in the hard form is formed by changing the ending А into Ы. For example, МАМА in the singular, in the plural МАМЫ. МАМА МАМЫ We changed А into Ы. МАМА МАМЫ


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[Assistant] And yes, unfortunately in the plural the stress setting has changed. And this is not uncommon in the Russian language. So every word, in every case, number, declination must be memorized separately.


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[Assistant] But don't worry about it. I believe there is no need for such perfectionism at the very beginning especially. Everyone will understand you anyway, so don't worry about it. Okay, let's continue.


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[Assistant] In the soft variant, the plural of feminine nouns is formed by changing the ending Я, Я, or the soft sign, into И, И. For example, family, семья, семья. In the plural, семьи, семьи.


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[Assistant] In the singular СЕМЬЯ, in the plural СЕМЬЕ. We changed Я into И. СЕМЬЯ, СЕМЬЕ. As you can see, here the stress has also changed. Another example. News. Новость. Новость. In the plural Новости. Новости.


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[Assistant] The plural of newton nouns is formed by changing the ending or


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[Assistant] Inter ah in the heart variant.


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[Assistant] For example, word, slova, slova. In the plural, slava, slova, slava.


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[Assistant] But in the plural we change the stress. That's why the first O is unstressed and we pronounce it as A. Slava. Slova. Slava.


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[Assistant] Another example, window, окно. In the plural, окна.


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[Assistant] Singular, окно, plural, окна


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[Assistant] In the soft variant, the plural of newton nouns is formed by changing the ending «е» into «я». For example, «сы». The singular form is «море», the plural form is «маря».


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[Assistant] We changed the ending –е into –я. Now let's practice together.


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[Assistant] First block, masculine nouns. And the first part ends with hard consonants. That's why we add the letter Ы in the end of these words.


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[Assistant] And the second part of nouns ends in soft consonants. So we will change the soft sign, or е, into и. Vocabulary. Словарь. Словари. Museum. Музей. Музеи. Baker. Пекарь. Пекари. Creator. Создатель. Создатели.


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[Assistant] The first part includes nouns with the hard ending А.


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[Assistant] That's why we will change this ending into Ы. Car, машина, машины. Firm, фирма, фирмы. School, школа, школы. Couple, пара, пары. Dream, мечта, мечты.


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[Assistant] And the second part includes nouns with the soft variant of endings. So we change Я or the soft sign into И. Night. Ночь. Ночи. Family. Семья. Семьи. News. Новость. Новости. Week. Неделя. Недели.


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[Assistant] In the hard variant of ending we change О into А. Word. Слова. Слова. Business. Дело. Дела. Number. Число. Число. Wine. Вино. Вина. Window. Окно.


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[Assistant] And in the soft variant of ending we change е into я. Sea. Море. Маря. Solution. Решение. Решение.


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[Assistant] сообщение сообщение field поля поля


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[Assistant] And there is one more point that is definitely worth discussing. In Russian, we have such a rule. The vowel Ы is never written after the consonants к, г, х, ж, ш, ч, щ.


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[Assistant] Therefore, if a masculine or feminine noun has one of these consonants at the end, the plural is formed by adding the ending E.


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[Assistant] Even if a noun ends with the hard variant of ending in the singular. Just let's compare.


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[Assistant] On the left side there are nouns ending in hard consonants. So in the plural we just added the letter Ы. театр – театры, театр – театры, продукт – продукты, продукт – продукты, вопрос – вопросы, question – questions, журнал – журналы, журнал – журналы,


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[Assistant] And on the right, there are words ending with the consonants listed before. And as we can see, in the plural, the letter И is added to these nouns. врач, врачи doctor, doctors урок, уроки lesson, lessons собака, собаки dog,


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[Assistant] Special cases of the formation of the plural of nouns. There are some exceptions, but for the basic communication it's enough to know the following words. Just write down this table. Day, день. Days, дни. День, дни. Human, a person,


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[Assistant] брат, brothers, братья, брат, братья, sister, сестра, sisters, сестра, сестры, child, ребёнок, children, дети, ребёнок, дети,


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[Assistant] And here you can see some words which exist only in the singular or only in the plural. Only the singular form. Water. Вода. Time. Время. Cookies. Печенье. Clothing. Одежда. Shoes. Обувь. Furniture. Мебель. Tableware. Посуда.


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[Assistant] Voda, vremya, pechenye, odeshda.


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[Assistant] Обувь, мебель, посуда and some words which exist only in the plural. Watch. Часы. Glasses. Очки. Money. Деньги. Pants.


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[Assistant] Hi kids. Here is a fun song to help you learn the days of the week. Mother Hen is going to sing it for us. Let's listen.


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[Assistant] Great job! Now let's sing it quietly.


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[Assistant] In this session, we're going to talk about three truths about success.


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[Assistant] Because they've read books or seen movies about success have the impression


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[Assistant] That there is some single secret to success.


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[Assistant] That if they're only able to uncover it.


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[Assistant] Uh, that, uh, it'll answer all their questions, uh, all the problems will be resolved and that life will.


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[Assistant] Uh, uh, you know, be a completely rosy experience from there on. And uhm,


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[Assistant] The truth about success is much more complicated. Uhm, it's not a secret.


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[Assistant] It's complicated because the answer to these questions lies within you, not outside of you.


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[Assistant] And I think it's always simpler for we humans if we can just, you know, put ourselves on a quest and then go look for the tallest mountain or the most exotic plant and then we can say well we found it, we're successful.


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[Assistant] Uh, unfortunately, success is something that you carry with you. There's a wonderful book, uh, by an author named Ram Dass. He, uh, the title of the book is No Matter Where You Go, There You Are.


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[Assistant] And when it comes to success, I think that's more of the truth than that it's out there someplace.


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[Assistant] The, uhm, so no secrets. Uh, this is all gonna be, uhm, stuff that you find, uh, on your own, in yourself, that I think will, uh, give you a higher sense of confidence in what it is that you're, uhm, striving toward.


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[Assistant] Uhm, just to underline that, the second truth, uh, is that, uh, this is not a quest of discovery as much as it is a quest to recognize.


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[Assistant] Uh, to recognize the patterns that you already have within you, to recognize the values that you're


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[Assistant] Striving to accomplish these values may come from your family, they may come from your culture, they may come from, uh, a religion, uhm, and, uh, and recognizing them means


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[Assistant] Uh, understanding and, and, and finding the familiar, uh, the value of, say, uh, compassion for others. Uh, recognizing that you were taught that.


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[Assistant] But that you sort of forgot it in your quest to, uhm, to get to the top of the ladder or to, uh, to cure some dread disease, uh, and, and you've


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[Assistant] Now get a chance to think and go, well you know what, uhm,


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[Assistant] I see that value inside me. I now can honor it in a different way. And it doesn't mean you have to stop.


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[Assistant] Looking for, uh, the cure for the disease, it just means that you bring this value, uh, whatever it might be. Compassion is an example. You bring it along with you. It doesn't take any more time to do that.


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[Assistant] That just brings a deeper understanding to your relationships when you do it. So it's about recognition, uh, not about finding new things you've never thought of. And then the third truth that I hope we'll uncover as the, as the course goes along.


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[Assistant] Is that there are no single foolproof techniques that work every time to achieve whatever the success, uh, value is that you've decided to embrace.


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[Assistant] Uh, in the how to succeed market, if you go to any bookstore, go online and look at, uh, Google the word success, uh, you're gonna find just boatloads of books, uh, on how to succeed and almost all of them are gonna provide this template of one true path.


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[Assistant] Uh, the one true path may be goal setting. The one true path may be, uhm, social skills. The one true path may be mind power and visualization and, uhm, and the power of your imagination to bring things into reality.


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[Assistant] Again, all these things may be perfectly relevant and they may be very useful to you, but the chances are pretty high that you're going to use your own unique combination of them.


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[Assistant] And what works for the person who lives next door to you, who needs to learn how to set goals.


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[Assistant] Will not work for you because you already set 200 goals a day and you're going to be trying to figure out how to relax and focus on three goals. So no foolproof techniques every time, but lots of techniques. Your goal is to try to adapt for yourself the tools that will work uniquely well for you.


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[Assistant] Uh, to achieve, uh, whatever your, uh, success goals are. They may be internal goals, they may be external goals, or a combination of the two. I think as the course goes on, you're gonna get a richer sense of how those two play against each other, uh, and, uh, sort of fold in and integrate with each other.


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[Assistant] So, we'll be addressing some of these issues in our next session.


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[Assistant] It's time to get up. Please start making breakfast.


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[Assistant] The spirit of the planet Venus visited us in a dream one night. He said that one day someone would come along to save us.


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[Assistant] Yes. Hello, Patty. I'm Derek. You saw me at the tea house?


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[Assistant] No, sorry. I'll go to the store and get some for you, Patty.


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[Assistant] When did Mr. Lee give the coin to you, Paul? Let me think.


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[Assistant] I think Paul is angry and sad. His parents aren't home very much.


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[Assistant] You don't realize who I am. I'm Sun Wukong the Monkey King.


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[Assistant] Go back up the mountain, and get Red Boy to come out. As soon as he makes his fire, I'll create a huge rainstorm.


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[Assistant] Wukong laughed. Now we won't have to cover our noses when you're near.


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[Assistant] First, we'll write the capital C. That's the big C. Start at the top and go around to the bottom.


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[Assistant] Great job! Now we're going to write the lowercase c. That's the small c. Start in the middle and go around to the bottom.


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[Assistant] Let's try that again. Go around to the bottom.


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[Assistant] Next time, we'll write the letter D. Don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel. You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter. See you next time!


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[Assistant] Wukong laughed. You don't need to thank us master. We all helped each other. You helped me to be good.


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[Assistant] Now I will earn forgiveness for the evil things I did long ago.


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[Assistant] Don't worry, Buddha, said Wukong. We will protect the scriptures with our lives!


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[Assistant] We can't walk across that log. It's too thin. And it looks quite slippery.


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[Assistant] In this session we're going to talk about your answers to the six lives exercise. Taught this in many different contexts to thousands of people and I've got some data that I can share with you about their results as well as some perspectives that people have shared with me about.


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[Assistant] There are reasons for ranking one life or another either very high or very low.


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[Assistant] If you haven't had a chance to do the six lives exercise, uh, yet, no worries, uh, just go on to the next session and you can come back to this one after you've had a chance to do it.


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[Assistant] So, there are six different, uh, people profiled here, and I'm just going to talk about each one in turn.


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[Assistant] And share some perspectives on uhm, the sort of high and the low. The people who rank this life number one or the people who rank it number six. Uhm, and if you didn't rank it either one you just ask yourself whether it was near the top of your list or near the bottom and there might be some insights that you can gain from this. So the first life on the list is the teacher.


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[Assistant] Uh, the teacher, if you chose the teacher as your number one life, uhm, I think it often signals a very passionate perspective on


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[Assistant] Being a mentor, being involved in a small setting where you really get to coach people, bring out their excellence.


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[Assistant] You're involved with people, you're involved in a school where you're coaching bright students to win science prizes, and that sort of perspective, uh, feels very satisfying to some people.


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[Assistant] Sometimes though, people pick this life last because as you'll remember in the story, uhm, the person who's the teacher has one


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[Assistant] A child, uh, who has become estranged.


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[Assistant] Uh, feel that the teacher has a little bit of uh, uh, uh, incomplete in the sense that they seem to be able to throw themselves at helping others at their work.


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[Assistant] But then when it comes to their own home life and their own children, they haven't been able.


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[Assistant] To bring that same sense of connection, uh, to their home life.


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[Assistant] Uh, people who, again, pick the life on the high side, uh, look at that factor and say, well, it wasn't really the teacher's choice that the child, uh, would, uh, become disaffiliated. And so they don't count that against them as much. I think with all these lives, what you're gonna find is that your own experience tends to color a good deal which one you pick.


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[Assistant] As, uh, closer to the top or closer to the bottom.


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[Assistant] And the idea of a sibling or child that's no longer involved with the family, if your experience with that is very painful, then the chances are that you'll kind of push that one to the bottom.


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[Assistant] On the other hand, if you know people or even yourself have had a period of your life where you're...


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[Assistant] Uhm, not reconciled, but then have found a way to get back together again.


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[Assistant] Then I think you are more of a believer in the healing process and that part of that life feels like it's something that can be solved. So, at the very least, if you ranked it high, uh, consider this a sort of signal about your, uh,


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[Assistant] Motivations for working in smaller groups, uh, to affect the lives of others and to bring out other people's talents. Uhm, number two life, uh, is the banker.


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[Assistant] Uh, the banker is a single woman with a child who has a severe disability.


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[Assistant] Uhm, has, uh, no partner in her life, uh, adult partner.


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[Assistant] And, uh, is a dedicated, loyal professional with a rather successful career, uh, in wealth management. Uh, she has turned her


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[Assistant] All her friends are saying that she should put her child in a, in a home or in a facility and get on with her life and, you know, her reaction is, no, no, this is my life.


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[Assistant] This is, uh, this is, uh, provides meaning for me.


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[Assistant] Uh, and so you feel the courage of the position that she's taken and her certainty and confidence in it. People who pick this life down near the bottom


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[Assistant] Uh, see this uhm, sort of the burden aspect of having a child with a severe disability.


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[Assistant] As a defining characteristic of this person's life as a little too narrow.


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[Assistant] And, uh, they feel like, uh, this would not be a life they would choose, uh, because it seems, uh, she doesn't want to be married, she doesn't, she's devoted herself to this, uh, one person in her life.


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[Assistant] And it seems, uhm, kind of restricted to them. So again, if you're, one of your highest values is loyalty, devotion to, uh, family.


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[Assistant] Uh, then this life looks a little more appealing if you're thinking more about autonomy and a career or a life with lots of options and the ability to travel extensively and so on. This one doesn't look so good.


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[Assistant] Uhm, so, you know, none of them are the right or the wrong answer. They're just different values that people, uh, elicit when they have to answer these questions. So life number three is the wealthy investor.


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[Assistant] Uh, now among all the lives, uh, the wealthy investor is the one who has, uh, first of all the most autonomy.


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[Assistant] Uh, the person, uh, made a great deal of money on an early investment in their career. Uh, they have then been able to turn to investing that money and, uh, to providing themselves.


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[Assistant] With the means of carrying out all kinds of hobbies and causes, uh, they love hang gliding, they have, uh, you know, lots of travel in their lives, uh, lots, lots of freedom.


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[Assistant] And uhm, and, and then uhm, you know, they can even get involved in political causes, so they give some of their money to...


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[Assistant] Uh, political causes that they believe in. So they're having a lot of impact on the world around them outside of their little intimate sphere. People who pick this life way down at the bottom, uh, instead of focusing all the, all the freedom and autonomy, look at this life and say this person looks lonely.


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[Assistant] Uh, they, uh, they've been married. It didn't work out. They've never remarried. They have no children. They have no family.


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[Assistant] That's discernible from the story and, uh, so there's this big missing piece, uh, for people.


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[Assistant] Now again, I actually got an email from an MBA student recently who picked this life and said that this life was very appealing to her because freedom is a value that she esteems above all others.


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[Assistant] You know, she was from actually coming to Wharton from a country where freedom.


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[Assistant] Was not always an assumption, uh, that she could count on. So when she got here, this life felt very appealing.


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[Assistant] Other people, on the other hand, choose this life.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, at the bottom because, uh, no family. No family, lonely, uh, kind of an emotional, uh, deficit.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, okay, so that's number three. Moving on to number four, uh, the stonemason.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So in many ways, the stonemason's life is the opposite of the wealthy investor's life. This is a man


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Who, uh, has a family, has been married for decades to the same, uh, partner, has children, uh, some of whom have gone on to do completely different careers than he has. He builds homes with stone.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, they've gone on to be lawyers and so on. Uhm, he describes his life in very uhm, almost mystical terms. He sees his day as very much under his control. He has a kind of craftsman's like uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Ability to just find just the right stone and put it in just the right place. He's built homes for, uh, his children, uh, and, and he can, can drive through his town and see the homes he's built.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, and so there's a lot of coherence in this life and people who pick it near the top, uh, are...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, inclined to salute that sort of embrace of family, embrace of craft, embrace of controlling the, uh, experience they're having in their life. Very integrated. Uh, people who pick it down near the bottom.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Often see this as a life with very little scale.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This person is only affecting their family, they're only affecting, uh, a few people in their community with the homes they build, he builds, and, uhm, and they, they want to have a bigger impact on the world.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Plus, there seems to be no recognition, uh, outside of this person, uh, to his skill, so.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's not even a, like an award from Stonemason Weekly that he was Stonemason of the Week. He's just an average guy who builds pretty good homes. So, so again, if your success values are more oriented toward, uh, uh, the family, toward


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, integration, then this one's gonna rank very high if they're oriented more toward uh, impact on others and uh, scale.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, as well as, uhm, a sort of, uh, autonomy and options, then this one doesn't seem quite as appealing. I did, I did have one executive once comment to me about this life.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Because in a class I might pick one person who picked it number one and they describe why they liked it and then one person who picked it number six and they describe why they didn't.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And it was in a big group, a hundred people in the room, and someone had just described the stonemason in rather disparaging terms, uh, and why they picked it number six. And this, uh, this man stood up in the back of the room, and I think he was from a very strong spiritual background, because he stood and said,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The stonemason is having a tremendous effect on society. The stonemason is building


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A society as he builds his homes and, uh, and that he is the foundation for his family. So this very poetic view of the implications and the symbolism for this life.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Anyway, uhm, uh, this is one that elicits a lot of different, uh, emotions from people when they take it. Life number five is the tennis pro.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, now the tennis pro of all of the different lives is the one person that


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is actually appeared on the cover of a magazine. It's clear that


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, she is a very accomplished professional on the circuit and has been acknowledged and recognized for this, uh, very important accomplishment and, uh, and is so therefore has this sort of, uh, success, uh, in the traditional sense, uh, very, very well, uh, outlined and defined.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, she also has a family, uh, partner, uh, they couldn't have children of their own so she adopted children.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, she has a little tennis camp, uh, that she's running that, uh, gives, uh, underprivileged kids a chance to experience tennis and, uh, and learn the skills that come with that. Uhm, so, uhm, so people who like this life, uh, put it higher, often focus on all those attributes and have a very positive feeling for the combination of things that she's bringing, uh, to her life. Uh, on the other hand, people who rank it down near the bottom,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, point to other aspects of this vignette, uh, one of which is


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, she complains that she's so busy with her profession that she doesn't have time to be with her kids as much as she would like because she has to be on the road.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, they see this as maybe a difficulty in her work-life balance. She's not choosing, uh, the right priorities.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, and then, uhm, you know, there's a sense, uh, the way the story's written, although it's not explicit.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That maybe this person didn't choose tennis.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And it could just be that she was the product of a tiger mother or gorilla father household and they drilled her and drilled her and drilled her when she was a kid, uh, didn't have a choice, she just had to do it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And then she just had an aptitude for it and she got to be really good at tennis.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But the sense that she didn't choose it herself, uh, does not appeal to some people. Uh, they feel like she's more of a victim maybe than a success.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So depending on which part of that story resonates with you, uh, you might have picked it higher or lower.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, the final life of the six is a non-profit executive.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The non-profit executive has got its own unique features. The first is that this person has had a successful career in finance and now has turned it


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And has gone into a non-profit environment where they're working for a religious group, a very strong belief system that they have.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, so they're repurposing their professional skills toward a greater cause. That appeals to some people.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, in addition, they are now turning their attention to a very important cause in Africa, uh, clean water in villages in rural Africa, and they're about to take their whole family over there and, uh, lead the effort to,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People who choose this life at the bottom, uh, again, focus on a different part of the story. They see all that. But, uh, this person is taking


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, away from their social environments, uh, they don't want to go.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, he's taking them to Africa anyway with his spouse.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And uhm, they, uh, they feel this is just a time bomb of a family about ready to explode in rural Africa.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And not at all something that you would define as successful. So again, depending on your,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hopes, fears, and fantasies, uh, as well as your experience, uh, you focus on different aspects of this life and either favor it or disfavor it, uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I had a very interesting experience. I did this exercise with a group, uh, up in Boston.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And we, we got through all the lives and I was, you know, calling on people and asking them why they chose one or the other. And, uh, a young lady, uh, who was in the front row had picked a non-profit executive as the sixth out of six lives. And I said, well, what was, uh, what was the problem, uh, for you with this life?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And, you know, everybody's sort of taken with this passion that she spoke with. So.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] These lives are, you know, impossible to judge, of course, because they're very sketchily drawn. And so what you're really doing is reading your life story into each of them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And depending on what aspects of your life story resonate as success values,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Those are the lives that seem to be the ones that are appealing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, so those are the ones for others who fear them and don't choose them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So uhm, just for some additional perspective, first uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You may not be surprised to know that every single time I give this exercise,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There is someone in the audience who chooses each of the lives as number one.


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[Assistant] And there is someone in that audience who chooses each of those lives as number six. So this begins to help you see the point.


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[Assistant] That success is not something that has an objective function.


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[Assistant] This is something you get to choose and it's your perceptions, your values, uh, your history, your experience, your family that is gonna be the foundation for your own vision of what a successful life is, uh, because they all get picked and they people feel equally strongly about each of them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, just one last bit of data for what it's worth is I've given this online to


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's been available, it's available online and thousands of people have taken it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And it basically, the results online with that many people taking it have fallen into three, uh, tranches, three sets. Uh, the top two lives that people pick most often


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, are the teacher and the stonemason. And they're tied. It's not one over the other. Uh, so people seem to value


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, the family part, uh, the mission part, the autonomy part, uh, in some way that those two lives embody.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The bottom two lives that people pick, and this is a big gap between the top and the bottom, are the wealthy investor and the banker.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I think it's interesting that both of those lives are the ones with the most pared down vision of family.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, the banker has no family, I mean, not the, the banker has one person in their family, uh, uh, but no spouse and no interest in marrying.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And what the investor has no children and no spouse and no interest in marrying.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, the choices people are making and family seems to be one of the biggest factors that people weigh.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When they actually give success some deeper thought. And then of course, the non-profit executive, uh, and the tennis player both occupy the middle zone. But it fascinates me that they're tied. They're basically two at the top, two in the middle, two at the bottom.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So uhm, so your answers are yours, uh, they are valid, and uh, the most important thing is to try to gain some insight about yourself from which ones you picked.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I just want to give you one last challenge that I give to my students at the end of this exercise and it may...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Causes you to think about it differently or not. It's, uh, depends.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That you died and went to heaven or whatever afterlife, uh, uh, you can imagine. And you went to, uhm, to, to check into, uh, the everlasting life. And the deity there, uhm, looked on you with compassion and said, well,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, you know, welcome. Uh, but I have one final task for you that you have to do before you're allowed to check in. And that is this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You need to take one of the six lives in the six lives exercise and you need to give it to your only child.


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[Assistant] So uhm, so the problem you now face is which of these six lives would you endow to your only child? The person you would want, uh, the best for? Uh, the person that you care the most about?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And when I put that question to people, uhm, very often as many as half of them, sometimes a little more, change their vote for number one. Uh, people who voted for the stonemason,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Changed their vote to the teacher or to, uh, the wealthy investor or someone else. People who voted for the wealthy investor.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Change their vote to the non-profit executive or someone else. And I think the reason that people change, not all do, some people stick with the same vote they had at the beginning, but the reason they change their vote is because when you're asked to give one of these lives to someone you love who has a life in front of them,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It stops being a question of just what's your ideal or what's, uh, sort of the perfect picture of success in a, in a, in a,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, I think uhm, that's a different question and I think it's a more important one. Because inside each of you, there is uhm, someone who is trying to protect you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And make sure that your life works and make sure that you make choices that will allow you to prosper.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And you're not just going off and living some life that you think is ideal or...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The chances are that your actual theory of success


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Has more to do with this second question because that will describe more accurately the actual choices that you're making in your life and not just a, you know, a theoretical point. So as you contemplate this exercise, and we'll come back to it periodically during the course,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, you might just, uhm, you know, come to terms.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, with what your values actually are, what your choices actually are.


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[Assistant] And I don't get lost in the fog of, uh, thinking about some perfect world that you could never actually, uh, make choices in, make real life choices in.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So with that, uhm, uh, we've come to the end of our first exercise and, uh, now we're gonna dig deeper a little bit into the next session and see what happens to success when you unpack it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Welcome back to my office. Uh, it's great to see you and I'm very interested and eager to talk to you about, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Really important subject that is gonna allow us to look at what some of the research tells us about these two buckets of success. The inner life, the outer life, uh, the outer life focused on achievement, the inner life focused on happiness.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm pr- I'm a lawyer, so I'm not a social scientist, I'm a-


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, person who has read deeply in philosophy and psychology, had the privilege of working in an environment that has steeped in social psychology and social science. Uhm, and one of the benefits of being at a place like the University of Pennsylvania and the Wharton School is that


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A tremendous amount of research is done on a lot of the topics that are relevant to the study of success. Most notably, here at Penn, we have the Positive Psychology Center.


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[Assistant] Led by Marty Seligman, Angela Duckworth, and others who've studied happiness for uhm, you know, over a decade. And I attend their seminars, uh, at the benefit of learning from them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, about all the different findings that they have come up with. And then of course, uh, here at Wharton, uh, quite a number of people study the science of achievement. And uhm, and so I've been, you know,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Very privileged to work with Adam Grant, who's one of our top management professors, and his research on giving and originality and creativity.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, while I'm not a scientist, I do have some familiarity with the science of success and I want to try to share that with you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Both because it's interesting, but most importantly because it will help you understand better.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What's really underneath the lid of these two boxes, the happiness box, the achievement box, and begin seeing how it works and how, how, sort of better ways to think about these two subjects.