[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Unfortunately, Martin Luther King was killed before the laws were changed. He didn't see those, right? So it was very hard work and it was very dangerous what he was doing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Children today, today though, the situation is different. Today, modern times, right? Yojum.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Today can now all go to the same schools. Of course, in modern America, children are not separated based on the color of their skin or their, your ethnic background. Absolutely not. All children go to the same school.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People can also sit where they want to on the bus. It doesn't matter who you are, or where you're from, or who you're, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, family is from, where your family is from. You get on a bus, sit where you want to. That's normal today. That's the law today. You can sit wherever you want to sit. Just don't sit in the driver's seat, right? Because you shouldn't do that, okay? But anywhere else, you can sit down. Okay.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The third Monday of January is Martin Luther King Jr. Day. On this day, we remember all he has done for African Americans. Martin Luther King Jr. was a brave man who made the world a better place. Okay?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, Martin Luther King Jr., as I said before, he was killed. He's dead. He's not with us anymore. And, well, he could be. He grew up in the 1930s. He'd be very old if he was still with us. But he was killed when he was still not that old, and it's a very tragic thing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People want to remember Martin Luther King Jr. He was a very important person in American history. So, to remember him, the government set aside the third Monday of January.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now many American holidays are like this. It's the third, uh, Monday of January, or Thanksgiving is the third Thursday of November. That just means that his


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In the middle of the week. Because this is a day off.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Schools are closed. Businesses are closed. You don't want to close business on a Wednesday or a Thursday, right? You go to, you go to school or you go to work for Monday, Tuesday. Wednesday's off, go back Thursday, Friday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's no good. Who wants one day off in the middle of the week?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So you have three days off if it's a Monday or Friday. Saturday, Sunday, Monday. Eh, you have three days off together, you can take a trip.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You can go somewhere. You can visit Martin Luther King's birthplace. You can go to Washington DC where he gave his speech. You can, maybe you can do something to remember. Fortunately people don't do that. They just like a long holiday, a long weekend. But anyway,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The third Monday of January is Martin Luther King Jr. Day. That's the day that the government set aside. Let's remember. On this day, we remember all he has done for African Americans. By the way,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's not just African Americans that Martin Luther King helped. He helped everybody.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right? Even white people, uh, even though he was fighting against, uh, for equality for African Americans, of course, he made society better. And that benefits everybody, no matter what color of their skin, right? So Martin Luther King Jr. is very important. He didn't just, sure, he did fight for African Americans,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He also was fighting for every race in America. He was fighting for everybody.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, Martin Luther King Jr. was a brave man. Like I said, he was killed. Uh, a crazy white person shot him and killed him because he didn't agree with Martin Luther King.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In that time of course it was very dangerous. You had some very strong people and unfortunately there still are some people who


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Who are racists, we call them racists, who don't agree that


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Black people or white people are the same or any race is the same. They think that they are better than everybody. And these people are really terrible, terrible people, right? But at that time there were many more of them and they threatened to kill him and one of them did. So he was a very brave man.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For standing up for his rights and for everybody's rights.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So Martin Luther King Jr. was a brave man who made the world a better place. Like I said, he helped everybody. There's not just one group of people, he helped everybody. And in that way, he made the world a better place for all. Okay.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's talk about our reading comprehension questions. Number one, this story is about what? A, an angry man. B, a brave man. C, a scared man. D, a white man. So,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Which is the best answer? Which is the best way to describe Martin Luther King Jr.? Because this story is about Martin Luther King Jr. It's about his life.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's about the situation when he grew up, and it's about what he did.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, was Martin Luther King Jr. an angry man? Yeah, he was a little angry. He was not happy, but...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Instead of, it's not really that he was angry so much as that he was upset, right? And he wanted to change things. So it wasn't really that he was an angry man. That's not the main point of the reading passage, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yes, he was a brave man, because like I said before, it was a dangerous thing to do to fight for racial equality at that time. So, Martin Luther King was a brave man. This story is about a brave man. Martin Luther King Jr. was a brave man.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] B. Was he scared? No, that's the opposite of brave.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Was he white? No, he wasn't white. He was black. That was, uh, you know, why he was upset. Uh, yea, of course.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It doesn't mean that white people couldn't be upset about the laws. They were. Many white people joined Martin Luther King. But he wasn't white. He was black. So this is not a story about a white man. It's a story about a black man. Okay.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, the story is about a brave man. Number two. In Georgia.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And, you know, to help you out, you probably don't know where Georgia is. Georgia is in the southern United States.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And the southern states have more of a history of slavery and racial inequality in America. So of course that's not true today, you know, basically just about everywhere in America people understand that everybody should be equal. Like I said you always have some stupid


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was a very bad situation. In Georgia in the 1930s, beep, could sit in the front of the bus. Who could sit in the front of the bus? Do you remember the reading? Everybody? No, not everybody.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Only African Americans? No, remember the front of the bus was the best place. And black Americans, African Americans, did not have the power back then.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] See, only children. Now the reading passage


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Didn't say that only children could sit in the front of the bus. The reading passage said that only white people.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] African American children, beep, white children. So we're looking for a verb clause here. A, went to school with. African American children went to school with white children? No. The reading passage said that they were apart, right? They tried to keep the races apart.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] B. African-American children were smarter than white children. The reading passage didn't say anything about one person or one group was smarter than the other group. Didn't say anything about that. So that's not correct.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] C. African American children couldn't play with white children. What did the reading passage say? It said that, uh, black children, African American children had to play here, one place, white children had to play in another place. They could not play in the same place. So that's correct. C is the right answer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And D, African American children hated white children. The passage didn't say anything about that. So that's not the right answer. The right answer is African American children couldn't play with white children. That's what the passage said. That's the correct answer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Number four, Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed. What did he dream about? Remember, what was his dream? His dream was that. Okay, what was it about? Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed about his mother? Well, maybe, but it didn't say that in the passage, right? So that's not the right answer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] No, that's the opposite of what he wanted, right? He didn't dream that everybody would be apart one day. He wanted the opposite.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He dreamed of visiting Atlanta. He dreamed of visiting Atlanta. If you say that, it sounds like he never went to Atlanta, or he really wanted to go to Atlanta. But the reading passage says he grew up in Atlanta. So why would he dream of visiting Atlanta? He lived there!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So he wouldn't dream of visiting Atlanta because he lived there.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that leaves us with, dreamed that someday everybody would be equal. And that's what the reading passage said. Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed that someday everybody would be equal. That was his dream. That was his famous speech. I have a dream.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And that was the message of his dream, that someday everybody would be equal.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, let's review. Again, here is Martin Luther King, a great man, a very important man in American history. Uh, what can we say about him? One, we can say his dream was that someday all people would be equal. That's what we just talked about. Okay, that was his dream, that was his goal for his life.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Thanks to his hard work, the laws changed. The laws did change. Uh, uh, soon after he died, the Civil Rights Act was passed. And the laws changed. The discrimination that keeping people apart was against the law. Everywhere in America.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He was a brave man who made the world a better place. Absolutely. He was a brave man.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was dangerous to do what he was doing. It was dangerous to say what he was saying. Even before he was shot, his family had some bad times when people would come by and throw things at their house.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People would throw bricks in their windows. People would burn things on their lawns. Many people didn't want what he wanted, and so they were against him.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Some of these people, of course, were violent. So he was a brave man to stand up for what he wanted.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He made the world a better place. Not just for African Americans, but for all people. Of course African Americans were the ones who benefited the most, but really everybody benefited from his work.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, well that's a very important lesson, very important hero. I hope you learned a little bit, not just about words and vocabulary and sentence structure, but also a little bit about American history and about heroes, really.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Who is somebody that you can respect, that you can look up to? Somebody who makes the world a better place. Whether they're an inventor, uh, an athlete with a big heart, or a person who changes the laws to make the world a better place. That's the important thing. Okay, we'll see you guys next time. Take care.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So just how far into that danger zone did Mel go to chase her dreams?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, well, well. It isn't my old basic cable compatriot. Maaannn- AAH! Here in the Upside Down, I'm known as One Piece Man. My god. This changes one thing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What I'd like is to build a big tech company that, that does what, you know, only I think a few tech companies have done before in terms of developing real new technology all the way up to, to uhm, and consumer products.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] My parents are both Russian immigrants. I was born here. But they're both, uh, engineers or in technology to some degree. So, I've definitely been wanting to build things my whole life.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As I was finishing my masters, I was very exposed to this idea of personal fabrication, of having tools to make anything available on your desktop.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Formula Labs basically started in the basement of the house that David and I were living in.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know, we got this all started together and we had, uh, definitely a lot of complementary skills.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know, we built a prototype and we were thinking about, you know, how to turn this into a business.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We were making some progress, but it was definitely tough going.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People put in a substantial effort into making videos, taking photos, building websites with more information. Uhm, we really actually kind of diverted the focus of the company to that for a couple months.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Before noon, like we launched it at 9am or 8am, and we sold one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Within two minutes by noon we sold probably about a hundred.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Over the 30 day campaign, we reached, uh, 2.9 million. I think we're still the highest project in the technology category on Kickstarter.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You set a timeline for yourself on Kickstarter and like, you're just...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I think if we had a brie that, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That represented our product, then that would be a great thing. I'm definitely not that person just because I'm not, generally not a good, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It sounds clear to me like we were doing it the wrong way and this is the right way. I understand it's risk, but it's fine.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You and Zach waste several days of time, then this thing comes in two days late. I think that's, that's the way I see it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That it really pushed us to, to move the whole company, you know, forward more quickly, hire more people across the company, commit to like more serious manufacturing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When we started doing this, it was like, oh, here's my friend who does something similar, and here's my other friend who does something similar. The chances that those are...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The right people to be there when there's a team of 10 or 20 or something like that, it's just, you're not likely


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We needed to have the right people building this company.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We felt, you know, he wasn't the right person to have there and, uh, we couldn't.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Work that out, and so, you know, we had to, to split. And uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's definitely like tons of comments on the web that are being like, why did you deceive us? You didn't tell us that, uh, about, that this might happen or something like that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The lawsuit's still going, but it's on hold right now while we're talking to 3D Systems, and that's kind of public record right now. And I can't say much about what's going on.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Depending on how well the next couple months go and how well those first reviews go, I mean that's going to really make or break like the next phase of our company and the product and whether people really want it or not.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Investors and people in business like to talk a lot about what's your competitive advantage and if you're really building, you know, a company on a, on a really long scale.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Advantage you can have on that kind of scale is...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The culture, whatever it is that's kind of intrinsic to this organization, that in some sense is kind of the most important thing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm sure I've learned and changed a lot in the last, uh, two years and I've definitely


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I think I've got a lot further to go, but definitely, uh, matured and become sort of more... I don't know.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's important to step back and see, you know, the whole picture.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, I don't think I'll ever be amazing, but I could definitely be a lot better.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He grew up in an entrepreneurial household. So he saw productions. He saw things getting produced. He saw the end product. He saw from the beginning of a company to products. Brands everything. Brand is perceived value.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Doesn't matter if you've made a better product, if people don't perceive it, it's not gonna sell.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] About six months. My son is the CEO.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He's the maker, he's the creator, he's the explorer, and he's an awesome leader. And I'm happy to follow his lead.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They needed a full-time person being there two weeks out of the month, didn't pull it, didn't make it there, and it was too hard on our relationship, so now I'm just happy to help out however I can.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Enough of the chit chat, we have important things to discuss, like Winter Break Hunter Mountain.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A new show brought to you by the people responsible for the Jersey Shore. And they tell people that out loud.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] One of the Winter Breakers is Alex Schinder, but he goes by Sheen because he's a huge Frost-Nixon fan.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And summer vacation is basically just like winter break, but with...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And now, some breaking news from BBC in Beijing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It is the latest iteration of the Survivor franchise, and in the premiere episode, bro teammates Chris and Sebastian got all bro-y while scavenging for broken nuts. And to hear Sebastian tell it, these two are gonna be soulmates for like, ever.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, I admit I was wrong. You can book guests, Donna. Granted, you can only book them for cell phone videos where they make excuses why they won't be on your actual show, but still, I guess...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Oh wait, I just got it. Her name is a pun. It's like Don Adorable.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When you find yourself in a time of need, a true friend is like a really great night out. Warm, fun, life-affirming. And in the case of Todd, who helped Whitney rub ointment on her nether regions during the latest episode of My Big Fat Fabulous Life, a little pukey.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's see. Joel, I give your new show my highest possible rating. Two thumbs up. Oh! It's actual thumbs!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Don't forget your, uh, your iron zeroing thumbs. Thank you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You all know about the huge rivalry between MMA fighters Jan Janka and Christopher Sangeli. You don't? Well, all you need to know is that things got pretty heated at the pre-bout photo op in the Czech Republic. And it was all set to their national fighting anthem, Party in the USA by Miley Cyrus.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] India, one of their greatest contributions to the world is colorful and imaginative cinema. Like the superhero epic Krish 3. In this scene, the titular superhero is meandering through a suburban mall when the unthinkable happens.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In addition to mall baby catching, India is way ahead of us in unnecessary soap opera reaction shots, as demonstrated by Yairishta Kaya Kalada Hai.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now that, that, that may seem like an overreaction, but what you didn't know is he was eating... THE LAST CHOCOLATE NUGAT NUTBALL!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] India can do no wrong. Now let's take a break from the action for a word from our new sponsor, Josh Tractors. It turns out they're really, really into farm equipment in India.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is the ability to binge watch your favorite shows. But Netflix knows you're strapped for time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So they've developed short versions of their most popular series. Entire episodes that are quick enough to watch as you back your car out of the driveway. The first offering packs all of the dramatic twists and techno paranoia of everyone's favorite dystopian anthology series into one bite-sized morsel. Enjoy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Some people look at goofy commercials for silly, unnecessary products and say, oh, that's goofy and silly and unnecessary. But not me. Because I know what all those products will one day become.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Just not enough to read it? And do you also not have a phone or a computer or any device where you can download the countless free audio versions of the world's most popular book? And are you frequently tricked into paying 40 bucks for a cube of plastic? Then you're in luck.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In, uh, which country will you be traveling through?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Fantastically expensive, and they're only made by big companies like 3D Systems and stuff.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] No one's really done a prosumer 3D printer. No one's done a 3D printer that we really want. So, we decided to do that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We decided that it would be a good idea to do a Kickstarter, because we had a prototype, it was coming together.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we weren't entirely sure what was going to happen. I mean, we were pretty sure we made something pretty dang cool, but the waters of the market are always a bit fickle.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know, we got funding and it's very exciting, but like what a lot of people who are doing startups don't think about, you know, get very excited. Yeah, I got, you know, tons of money from people. I got investors. It's great. I'm going to like go out and buy stuff for my office. I got a nice chair and everything like that. It's like, no, you have to remember when people give you money to start a company, you have to give it back.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Like, when you're doing a startup.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Everything feels like it's exploding all the time and you have to be able to like...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Take a calm, deep breath and like, make sure that you're on the right track. And Max is very good at being confident in


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Idealism is very important and like maintaining true to your goals are very important. But I think MakerBot, when they pivoted, they went closed source. And I think that that was a pretty dark day for the...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I think that the fact that 4.0 has got sued by 3D Systems means that we're doing something right.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It kind of became clear that Max and I had very...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I announced my departure from the company and I think people were, I don't know, I guess just cut it after the, the thing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The form one is like my baby. Like I mean, now whenever I see pictures of it on the internet and stuff, it is kind of weird because it's like seeing like a picture of your child like with like other people's arms around it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The important thing is, is personal relationships. That's the important thing in life. Uhm, and so preserving those, you know, is...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Contributes to happiness for everybody and even though I'm gone, the seeds of things that I planted have still...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Come out and been amazing and working all that, that stuff out. We were able to like, you know.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Really know each other and who we are as people. This is, this all sounds very froufy, but it's true.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People are different. People have different hopes and dreams and goals and priorities and ways of dealing with things and stuff and like a startup can be a pressure cooker that just like brings all those, those, those little grains of sand out.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 0B Unit 7 Witch in a Jar


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Our lead investor, Brad Feld, is a good friend of mine. I've known Brad for a long time. And, uh, I was just ending a job and so he said maybe you should try this company, MakerMod.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That consumer play, that we're not the hacker, we're, we're really the prosumer, uhm, you know, we want a professional who needs us on their desktop to think about, make about us the solution.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We had an amazing year. You cannot look at how we performed this year and say anything other than like, that's fucking incredible. I mean it's just, no one can say anything but that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The coral and the peachy with tan and black and white. Stacy's over there. Ready for summer, my bright yellow.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They are, you dummy! Okay, that's just the title. It's Arkwalder by Sarah Jessica Parker. By Nicole Byer. For Nicole Byer's perfume line. Duh, come on!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When I saw those stories, I was like, really? Oh, you can build a gun with a 3D printer. Really?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Which hand will you choose? Which hand will you choose? High or low?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We don't know all the, where this is gonna end. But right now, the DIY fecal transplants just have to stop.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 0B, Unit 11, Johnny Johnny.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Congratulations, my queens. And remember, if you can't love yourself,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The box is mixed up, uh, this was supposed to go to everything that sucks.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Keep it going. No, alright, here we go. And now to American Idol, the reality competition show that asks the hard questions like, who is that guy to the right of Katy Perry?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] ABC has paid millions of dollars to their celebrity hosts, and this week, that investment finally paid off.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The real issue with American Idol is that it's anchored by three very different personalities. See, a TV show is most effective when you have just one person with a singular point of view.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I, uh, I haven't seen you guys since we worked together on the new season of Santa Clarita Diet, now streaming on Netflix.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's give it a shot. Uh, next up is Naked and Afraid, where Caesar finds himself deep in the Louisiana swamp, unclothed, frightened, and apparently very, very itchy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Over on The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills, the ladies gathered for their usual lunch of gossip and wearing giant sunglasses. Here, Lisa and his mom, Lois, opens up about the fun side benefits of a brush with death.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Steve Harvey is a man who wears many hats. He's a comedian, a talk show host, and the owner of countless high end fedoras.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And to offset his astronomical headwear expensive, Steve has another job as host of the children's competition series, Little Big Shots. The kids on the show demonstrate a variety of talents, like Felix, whose talent is overcompensation through facial expressions.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, it's a pizza ghost, a pizza ghost. He's a, I guess he's a reoccurring character.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If you run an online legal counsel firm, then you should hire a trustworthy spokesperson to lend your business the gravitas it deserves. Or if you're Lawyer.com, you can jerk the wheel in the opposite direction and hit the gas.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Unless of course it's my international corner.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Don't worry, my beloved family, I put it all on my porn rewards card from Citibank. I get 3% cash back for every babysitter scene.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, Adam, uh, kinda hosting a show right now.


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[Assistant] Gourmet Holiday is a QVC show for those who like to shop for holiday meals all year round. Because what if your family pops over for a surprise Thanksgiving dinner? No need to panic, you've had that ham stashed in your closet for eight months.


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[Assistant] To sell the food, you need to make the food look yummy. So go ahead, Sharon Fetch, make it look yummy.


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[Assistant] There are a lot of stereotypes about British people. That they're stuffy and uptight and overly mannered. So it's genuinely refreshing to watch the British reality show Made in Chelsea and have every single one of those stereotypes 100% confirmed.


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[Assistant] It's okay, this is a really fun bit that Drew and I worked out ahead of time. He pretends not to notice me and refuses to shake my hand and then, haha.


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[Assistant] Let's say you have a can't-miss idea for a new product or service. Should you take personal risk to see your project to fruition and then let the free market dictate its value? Of course not. You should just beg for the money on Kickstarter.


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[Assistant] Shearing for a graphic. Uh, remember fidget spinners? Well, there's a new fidgety toy on the block and I can safely say it will never be used for its intended purpose.


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[Assistant] Now, certainly that product could never receive funding, right? The Fidget Who people were asking for $900 and they got $972. Funded!


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[Assistant] Now to the next product seeking your hard earned cash. Podcasts. They can be entertaining and informative and we can all agree it's about time someone put a stop to that. Like this Kickstarter for a podcast that combines day drinking ladies with the word of the Lord.


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[Assistant] Their catchphrase is, wine me, dine me, proverb six nine me.


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[Assistant] You know, uh, we've seen a lot of great stuff in this episode, but only one clip can truly be labeled as the one that we showed last.


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[Assistant] Just Tattoo of Us is a show on MTV UK in which friends design each other's tattoos and only find out what has been permanently inked on their body after the process is done. This particular tattoo reveal takes a while, but I promise it is worth it.


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[Assistant] Hello everybody. Welcome back to Reading for Vocabulary. I'm Brian Stewart.


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[Assistant] In this lesson, lesson 9, you'll notice an interesting title. Bravo! Encore!


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[Assistant] These are words that we say when we see a performance, a band, or somebody does a really good job, and we clap our hands, bravo, bravo, right? Very good job. It's like, chal hasseo, right?


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[Assistant] And that is the title of this lesson. So what is this lesson about? Bravo, encore. What are we talking about? Well, in this lesson, we will learn about the New York Philharmonic.


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[Assistant] The New York Philharmonic. That's a difficult word, right? That's a difficult word. What is the Philharmonic? The Philharmonic, the New York Philharmonic is a large group of musicians, people who play instruments, all different kinds of instruments, okay?


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[Assistant] So we'll learn about them. We'll think about different sounds and what sounds are good and what sounds are bad. Okay? So of course for good sounds we say bravo, encore.


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[Assistant] Okay, so let's get started with the, uh, with the lesson, but before we do that,


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[Assistant] To give you an idea of what the Philharmonic is, we can take a look at this video here.


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[Assistant] This video shows an orchestra. That's one of the words we'll learn in the vocabulary. Orchestra.


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[Assistant] Over here, we have the cello, right? Over in the back, you have people playing trumpets or different kinds of horns. You also have the drummers. They're all in different places.


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[Assistant] In the orchestra. And of course you have the audience outside and at the end,


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[Assistant] If the orchestra is good, they will say bravo, bravo, encore, right?


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[Assistant] Show their appreciation. They will say, wow, that was a good


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[Assistant] Okay, so that's what we're talking about here. This type of orchestra. Let's begin with the words. Are you ready? Let's go. Okay, number one, word number one. The person who leads a musical group.


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[Assistant] In the video, maybe it's a little hard to see, but there was one man standing in front of all of the musicians. And usually he has a stick, right? And he waves it like this, okay? What do we call that person? He's the leader.


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[Assistant] He is the leader of an orchestra. He leads the musicians, right? So he tells them when to play or, you know, how fast to play and he's always doing this. He doesn't make any music, right? He's just telling the other musicians


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[Assistant] How to play, okay? And he's like the leader. He makes sure they sound good. Okay, so that's the conductor.


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[Assistant] Next we have a public performance of music. So before we saw the video, there were many musicians, right? So many.


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[Assistant] Look at this picture. There's only one, two, three, and maybe a number four. There's a guy behind there. This would just be a band, not an orchestra, but a band and orchestra. Sometimes there's just one person, a singer, right? But it's any, any public performance of music, anytime.


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[Assistant] Somebody plays music for the public and there's an audience. What do we call that event? There's a special word for that event. We call it a concert.


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[Assistant] A concert is any performance of music that you go to. It can be one singer, it can be four musicians, or it can be many musicians. It doesn't matter. When you go to listen to music, it's called a concert. Okay, next one.


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[Assistant] Of course, I've mentioned this already several times, right? Especially in the video, I showed there's different sections. Now, uh, these


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[Assistant] Instruments, well, that's the word right there. It's hard to say. It's an instrument, right? It's a device for playing music. There are many types of in-stra-ments.


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[Assistant] Okay, instrument or instruments, plural, right? Because here we see a violin and of course here we probably, this is part of a tuba and maybe this is a trombone over here. There's many kinds of instruments, many kinds of instruments. I said like violin, violin is a type, a tuba, right? The tuba,


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[Assistant] Is the big horn, right? That's, that goes all around a person. It's the big bell out here. Boom, boom, boom, boom, boom, right? Okay, that's the tuba. Then you have a violin. A guitar is an instrument. A flute is an instrument. There are many types of instruments, devices for playing music. Instrument. Okay, next one.


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[Assistant] A large group of musicians who play together. Don't say Philharmonic. Philharmonic is the name of one of these. We're looking for orchestra.


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[Assistant] Orchestra. Three syllables. Or-ca-stra. Orchestra. An orchestra. The Philharmonic, the New York Philharmonic is a type of orchestra. It's the name.


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[Assistant] Of that orchestra, right? But it's a large group. You can see many people. It's a very large group. And in that group, you have smaller groups each playing different instruments. You may have a group of people who play the violin.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A group of people who just sing. A group of people, well just one person playing the piano. A group of people playing the flute. So an orchestra is a large group of musicians in the orchestra. Sometimes there are smaller groups of musicians.


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[Assistant] Important in history. Someone who's important in history is, well, something that is important is historic. The reason they're using this picture is because he is the first black president. It's not because it's Barack Obama, it's because of the historic event.


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[Assistant] First time that a black person has been the President of the United States, that is historic. It's important in history.


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[Assistant] First times are very important in history, wars are important in history, discoveries are important in history, these are historic


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[Assistant] Historic places, historic events. Okay? Next one. Six.


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[Assistant] To go into. This woman is walking into, what is another word for that?


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[Assistant] Is to enter. She's entering the building. To enter the building. When you go to school, you enter the school. Then you enter your classroom. Means to go into a place. Next one.


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[Assistant] Wow, these kids, they want to be part of an orchestra, right? They're practicing. Uh, they're all lined up, they're playing, looks like a type of flute, uh, to entertain people by playing music. So, to entertain people by playing music, what word can we use? Perform.


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[Assistant] To perform. Now look, this is a verb.


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[Assistant] If we add A and C and we don't say two, we say A performance.


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[Assistant] That then becomes a noun. This is a noun. Because it is when people get together and they play music or they do something, uh, to entertain other people, we say it's a performance. What are they doing?


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[Assistant] They are performing, okay? So perform is verb, performance is noun. Okay, next one.


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[Assistant] Eight, a group of people who watch or listen to something. So this is an interesting word. It's an important word. Let me make sure I teach you something very important here because I hear a lot of Conglish, okay?


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[Assistant] Look at these people here. All of these people, all of these people are looking at, they're listening to the music played by the orchestra.


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[Assistant] These people are not musicians. They are not part of the orchestra. We call them the audience. The audience. But this is the important thing.


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[Assistant] He is not an audience. He's part of the audience. The audience is a big group. The audience is a big group.


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[Assistant] So don't say the audiences clapped. No, the audience clapped. But if you want to talk about one person in the audience, you have to say audience member. Audience member.


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[Assistant] If you want to talk about one person or a few people, you can say audience member or audience members. Don't say the audiences. Ah, anio. It's only one audience. It's one group. It's like team, right?


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[Assistant] You wouldn't say, uh, the, the team kicked the ball. No. The team member kicked the ball. Okay? When we say team, we're talking about a group of people. When we talk about audience, we're talking about the whole group.


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[Assistant] of people. If you want to say one or two people in that group, you have to say audience member or audience members.


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[Assistant] Okay, please be careful, I hear a lot of mistakes with that. Okay, next one.


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[Assistant] A thin stick used to direct a musical group. I talked about this guy before. Remember him? He is a conductor. But I said he has a stick that he waves in front of the audience. Like you go, you guys play, okay, you guys, right? And he'll use that stick.


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[Assistant] To show the rhythm or how people should play the music, right? He uses a stick. What is the stick called? It's called a baton.


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[Assistant] Baton. A baton. So the conductor uses a baton when he conducts in an orchestra. A baton. Okay, next word.


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[Assistant] And writes music. What do we call them? We call them a musician. Okay?


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[Assistant] Now of course you, they don't just also have to write music. Many musicians also just perform. Okay? Uh, somebody who performs music, we can say a musician, somebody who writes music is a compo-ser. Okay?


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[Assistant] But somebody who performs and writes together, we can say of course they are a musician. Okay? Next one.


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[Assistant] A large number of people. So a large number of people. What do we call that? Of course we call that a crowd.


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[Assistant] When there's many, many, many people, right? Say uhm, do you say salaam? Maana, maana, maanao. Is that right? Okay. That's many, many people together. You can say it's a crowd. So if you go to a baseball game or a soccer game,


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[Assistant] The people, the audience in the stands, that is a crowd of people. Many people. Okay?


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[Assistant] Next one, to guide or control.


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[Assistant] We say to lead, to guide, or control something.


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[Assistant] We say is to lead. Maybe he is leading his team.


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[Assistant] So to lead. Lead is an irregular verb, so it changes form in the past tense. Let's see. It goes lead, led, led. So when we talk, when we use this verb in the past, we use led, led, led. Lead, led, led.


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[Assistant] Okay, next one. We're talking about to make something happen in a certain way. To make something happen in a certain way. And we can see a calendar here, a calendar with many dates on it, and somebody's marked


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[Assistant] The 14th. And they did it with a love sign, right? So I'm wondering what is that? That looks to me like it's February 14th.


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[Assistant] Right? I don't know, but I'm guessing because February 14th is Valentine's Day. Valentine's Day. So I think this calendar is of February.


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[Assistant] And 14th is marked with a heart because it's Valentine's Day when boyfriends and girlfriends say, I love you to each other, right? But anyway, so,


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[Assistant] What are they doing? They're making something happen in a certain way. They are saying that on the 14th, we're gonna have Valentine's Day. We're gonna have maybe a party, or we're gonna have a date, or we're gonna do something special.


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[Assistant] For that day. What are they doing? They are setting that day. Or they are setting a, uh, something, an event that will happen in a certain way. So to set. Set is an irregular verb. It doesn't change form in the past. Set. Set.


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[Assistant] Next one, a large room for meetings or concerts. So it's a large room where people can have meetings, they can have concerts. What do we call that room? That room is called a hall. And many times you can see the word music hall.


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[Assistant] Where a performance or a meeting is held. Okay, next one.


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[Assistant] Wow, look at that. Many, many lights. To become full, in this case, full of lights, we can say to fill. These lights...


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[Assistant] To move slowly on water or in the air. Look at this balloon. It's a big balloon or ball filled with air, right? It stays on the top of the water. If we put helium


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[Assistant] Right? Some gas in this ball and let it go. Maybe it will go up in the air. What do we say? It is floating.


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[Assistant] So, something can float on the surface of the water, but if something flies just in the air, you know, it doesn't have any control, it just kind of floats in the air, like soap bubbles.


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[Assistant] You blow in all the little bubbles, they float away in the air. And clouds, clouds will float in the air. Some balloons will float. So to float, to move slowly on water or in the air. Okay.


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[Assistant] Those are our words, lots of words to remember, right?


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[Assistant] What those words mean. Here we have exercise one. Our job is to complete each sentence with a word from the box.


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[Assistant] So, we have sentences here. We'll have eight sentences. We have a blank in each sentence. We need to fill those blanks with these words. Let's review the words. First, we have conductor, conductor. Next, instrument, instrument. Next, orchestra, orchestra.


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[Assistant] The next one is historic. Historic. Next one, performed. Performed. Now notice that performed


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[Assistant] Past tense, right? Because our root is here, our basic word is here, perform, but it's past tense, we use performed. Okay, next one.


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[Assistant] Audience. Audience. Next one is concert. Concert. And finally we have enter. Enter. That's easier, right? Okay. Let's take a look. Number one.


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[Assistant] The pianist. Remember a pianist is someone who plays the piano. The pianist's first beep was held last year.


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[Assistant] So think about this, the pianist, what does the pianist do? When a musician, and it doesn't matter if it's one, four people, or many people, uh, they entertain an audience with music, what do we call that? It's a noun, right? We say, it's a concert.


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[Assistant] The pianist's first concert was held last year, because here we're looking for, it's like a performance. Concert and performance are the same, but don't get confused, because performed here is a verb, it's not performance.


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[Assistant] Concert is the word we're looking for. That is a noun to talk about the performance or the, uh, event that a musician plays to entertain people. Okay, number two.


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[Assistant] The only musical beep I can play is the piano. So the piano is a type of this. Remember when we talked about this word, I said there are many types of these. They're devices that people play. A guitar.


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[Assistant] A flute. A tuba, right? The big tuba. Or a violin.


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[Assistant] In this case, a piano. The only musical what? The only musical instrument. The only musical instrument I can play is the piano. I can ask you, can you play?


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[Assistant] A musical instrument? Say, no, I can't play any musical instrument. Or the only instrument I can play is the piano or the guitar or the flute or whatever. Most people can play a drum, right? Maybe not well, but you can play the drum. Okay, next one. Number three.


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[Assistant] I wanted to beep the room, but the door was locked. Well think about that. You want to do something with the room.


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[Assistant] You obviously want to maybe go inside the room, but you can't because the door is locked. If the door is locked, you cannot go into the room. Go into? What word means to go into a place? What word here?


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[Assistant] Ah, you're probably looking for this one right here, right? Enter. I wanted to enter the room but the door was locked. You can't enter when the door is locked. Okay, next one, number four.


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[Assistant] Last night she peeped a concerto on the piano. A concerto, by the way, is a type of


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[Assistant] Okay? So, uh, it's a type of musical piece that people will play. And she did it on the piano. So when somebody plays music, another word for that verb, right? And she did it last night, so it's in the past tense.


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[Assistant] What do we say? What verb means to play?


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[Assistant] Uh, some type of performance, right? Like a concert or a performance. If you do that, you're performing. Last night she performed a concerto on the piano. Okay? So she performed. She performed a concert, or in this case a concerto, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A performance on the piano. But if you say she performed a performance


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[Assistant] That sounds a little weird. It's okay, but perform performance too similar. So we say concert or something else. Okay.


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[Assistant] Number five, all the people watch the beep event on television. The what event? What kind of event?


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[Assistant] What kind of event can you watch on television? A conductor event? That doesn't make sense. An orchestra event? That's weird.


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[Assistant] What about a historic event? Ah, all the people watch the historic event on television. That makes sense. That's correct. Okay? So if it's a historic event, it's very important. In history, many people will watch it.


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[Assistant] Six. He is the beep of this musical group. So we need one person, right?


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[Assistant] A word that describes a person in a musical group. Remember, one type of musical group is an orchestra. Well, what is one person in an orchestra? One person. An audience? No. An audience is a group of people, right? So, it's not audience. Uh, can it be conductor?


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[Assistant] He is the conductor of this musical group. That's the only word there that describes one person of a musical group. And remember, audience is not part, is not part of the musical group. And also, remember audience is a group of people, not one person. We can't say he is the audience. That doesn't make sense.


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[Assistant] Unless the audience is only one person, right? Only one person watching, that would make sense. But of this musical group, well actually that could, that could be a possible, but in this case we're looking for a conductor, okay? Next one. Seven.


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[Assistant] There was a large beep in the music hall. There was a large what in the music hall. What are we looking for?


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[Assistant] We're probably looking for, uh, how many people came to see


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[Assistant] Think about if there was a crowd of people. Many people came.


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[Assistant] To see the concert and they gathered in the music hall. Many people who watch a musical performance, we call them of course the audience. There was a large audience in the music hall. So audience is better for this sentence here.


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[Assistant] Eight. A full-size beep is called a philharmonic. So there we have a little bit


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[Assistant] We're talking about the New York Philharmonic.


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[Assistant] What is it? It's an orchestra. But it's a full size orchestra. That means that an orchestra with all the different instruments, all the many people, uh, who


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Play those different instruments. If you have a certain number of people playing certain instruments, we call that a Philharmonic. So Philharmonic is a type of orchestra. Okay?


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[Assistant] Let's, uh, stop there of course. That's the end of our exercises. Let's take a short break now. We'll come back and we'll look at the reading and the reading will be about the New York Philharmonic.


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[Assistant] Take a short break first, we'll come back in just a few seconds.


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[Assistant] Okay everybody, welcome back to the reading. Let's go over the reading section for lesson 9 together. And of course we're talking about, uh, the New York Philharmonic. But let's see what the New York Philharmonic is all about.


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[Assistant] These musicians are the orchestra. So what we see here is the writer is describing the scene. What does it look like? And what do we hear? What do we experience at the beginning? Here we see a hundred musicians. That's a lot of musicians, many people.


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[Assistant] They're dressed in black and white. If you look at their clothes, they have black jackets, white shirts on. Right? So they're dressed in black and white.


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[Assistant] As they take their seats, the musicians take their seats, right? Also the audience will take their seats too. People quiet down. That means the audience quiets down. They stop talking. Shhh, be quiet. They want to listen to the music.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] These musicians are the orchestra. So the musicians, the hundred musicians dressed in black and white, these musicians are the orchestra. They are the orchestra. Okay, let's continue.


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[Assistant] In front of them, in front of them, who's them? We're talking about the musicians. In front of the musicians that are in the orchestra. In front of the musicians stands the conductor. He slowly bows to the crowd.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now the concert may begin. Before we talked about the conductor. The conductor is the leader of the orchestra. Before the concert, what does he do? He slowly bows to the audience. He's like welcoming the audience. Welcome to our performance.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] After he does that, that's the single. Now...


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[Assistant] Now the concert may start. It may begin. After he bows, it's like a signal to the audience. We are going to start the concert. Okay? He bows to the audience, he turns around, and what does he do? At first, you hear just the violin.


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[Assistant] Then the flutes and clarinets begin to play.


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[Assistant] Soon you are listening to the sounds of


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[Assistant] Okay, so the conductor turns around and he begins, right, the concert.


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[Assistant] And what do you hear at first? What's the first thing you hear? You hear just the violins. Remember, there are 30 different instruments. But first, all you hear is the group playing the violins. That's the first sound.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then, after that, you hear the flutes and the clarinets. Different instruments begin to play. So these sounds are mixed, and they're all playing at the same time. Soon,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You are listening to the sounds of 30 different instruments. That means that first the violins play, then the flutes and clarinets, and then soon all the instruments are playing together. All 30 different instruments are playing


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Together and you are listening to that sound.


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[Assistant] Imagine, it would be very impressive, wouldn't it? All those different instruments playing together at the same time.


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[Assistant] A full-sized orchestra like this is called a Philharmonic. Having so many musicians perform at the same time is not easy.


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[Assistant] They need someone to lead them. That's why the conductor is so important. It's his job to, or her job, it's his job to set the speed of the music. He also makes sure everyone is playing together.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So this passage here is talking mostly about the conductor.


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[Assistant] How important is the conductor and what does the conductor do? So,


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[Assistant] We also hear, see, here we see the definition of a philharmonic, a full size orchestra. A full size orchestra is called a philharmonic. What they mean there is that sometimes orchestras are


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Maybe an orchestra only has, some orchestras only have


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[Assistant] 30 musicians or maybe even 20 musicians, right?


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[Assistant] That is not a full-sized orchestra. We don't call that a Philharmonic.


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[Assistant] Remember how many musicians there were? They said there were 100 musicians and 100 musicians are playing


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[Assistant] So if you have a hundred musicians, thirty different instruments, that's a special type of orchestra. We call it a philharmonic. Okay, that's what this sentence is telling us.


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[Assistant] So, of course, having so many musicians, that is the subject here, having so many musicians perform at the same time, actually that's all the subject, is, there's our verb, having so many musicians perform at the same time, that's the subject, long subject.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is not easy. Of course it's not easy. 100 different people playing 30 different instruments. They all have to play at the right time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right, that's nomu himdero to organize, right? How can you do that? Imagine even if you had only five of your friends playing instruments, somebody has to help them. Somebody has to lead them. This is a hundred people and thirty different instruments, right? It's not easy. It's nomu himdero.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They need someone to lead them. So we need a leader. Who is the leader? That's why the conductor, the conductor is the leader. The conductor is so important, is very important.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's his job. Remember, conductors aren't only men. We could say his or her, right? Because, of course, women can be conductors too.


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[Assistant] It's his or her job to set the speed of the music. The speed of the music is important. You don't want some people to play too fast.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Because the other people, they don't know what's going on, right? And so the music will be all mixed up, right? So the conductor starts the music and sets the speed. How fast each group should play. If one group should play faster, he's like this, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If one group is slower, he's going like this, slow down, right? So the conductor is leading the musicians and telling them, helping them, uh, play together and telling them what to do.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He also makes sure everyone is playing together. Of course, make sure that everybody is doing, uh, you know, playing together so it's not chaos. It's not mess. Okay? Okay, next one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As the conductor waves his baton, the concert hall fills with music. The beautiful sounds float through the air.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, that's interesting, it's just kind of describing the process, right? Here we see the conductor, he's got his baton, and he's like this, he's telling, you know, he's instructing some people. As he waves, wave, of course you can wave your hand, goodbye, hello.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Fills with music. Now this is interesting. You can't see music, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But sounds can fill the room. It means you can hear the sound anywhere in the hall. So the music fills the hall. Uh, the hall or the concert hall fills with music. Interesting. It's an interesting way to say that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The beautiful sounds float through the air. Again, we can't see music, right? Music isn't a thing that we can touch, but sound


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It sounds like it's floating through the air. It's going through the air. It's floating through the air. It's very beautiful, very peaceful. This is a very nice, uh, image. A very nice picture. So the beautiful sounds float through the air.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay in the next part, we're going to talk about a special orchestra, the New York Philharmonic. Let's take a look. The New York Philharmonic is world famous. Their first concert was held in


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A historic concert was held in North Korea. Okay, so this passage is talking about the New York Philharmonic. Before we were talking about just an orchestra, but now we're talking about specifically a group called the New York Philharmonic. That's their name. That's the name of that orchestra.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They are world famous. That means many people in many different countries all over the world, they know them, right? They are very famous. World famous. Known all over the world. Their first concert was held in


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 1842. That's a long time ago, right? You weren't born yet. Your parents weren't born. Your grandparents weren't born, right? That's a really long time ago. Okay, 1842. So the New York Philharmonic is a very old Philharmonic. It's a very old orchestra.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Today about 180 concerts are given each year. Think about that. 180 concerts in one year? That's a lot of concerts.


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[Assistant] One year. How many weeks are in a year? There's 52 weeks. 52 weeks in a year. They give 180 concerts. That's more than one a week. That's more than twice a week. That's almost like three concerts every week that they give.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So maybe about three concerts a week are given by the New York Philharmonic. They are very busy. Okay?


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[Assistant] On February 26, 2008, a historic concert. Historic concert was given. Why is it historic? Because it was in North Korea.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Alright, uh, Pukhan, right? In North Korea. That's strange, isn't it? Usually, other countries cannot go, the people from other countries cannot go into North Korea. So this was a special event, right? It was a historic event, because it was very special in history. Okay, let's move on then.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Usually, North Korea does not let people enter the country. But the New York Philharmonic was a special case. The concert was shown on TV as well. People all over the world watched and listened.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So like I said, usually in North Korea, they don't let people from other countries enter the country. That's no muhimduro, right? They want to protect their country, uh, they want to control their country maybe too much. But anyway, North Korea does not let people enter, come into the country. But, however,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right? The New York Philharmonic was a special case? A special case? What does that mean?


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[Assistant] When something is unique, usually you have rules, right? You have rules, uh, for example, you should not run in school. You shouldn't talk loudly in class. Those are the rules. Everybody follows those rules.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But in some situations, unusual or unique situation, you can break the rules or you can break what's normal or what's tradition. That is a special case. So a special case is going against


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In person, they also showed it on television.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People all over the world, all over the world, everywhere around the world, watched and listened because it was a historic event. Okay.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hard work and talent have made the New York Philharmonic very successful. Obviously, 180 concerts a year, they're very successful, they're very busy. They have some of the best musicians in the world. Do you play a musical instrument?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Maybe if you practice every day, you can play for them too. Interesting. Okay, good. So hard work.


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[Assistant] Whoops, hard work and talent. So two important things that have made the New York Philharmonic


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[Assistant] If you want to be successful, you have to do many things. Hard work and talent are probably necessary. They're the two most important things to get success. Of course, hard work is very important.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Talent, you know, depends on what you're doing. Musicians obviously have to have a lot of talent to be able to play the musical instrument.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The passage takes a different approach. Now the passage is asking about you directly. It includes you in the reading because they ask you, do you play a musical instrument? Do you play a musical instrument?


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[Assistant] Remember when I talked about instrument before? I asked you this question. Do you play a musical instrument? Maybe you play the piano. Maybe you play the violin.


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[Assistant] Maybe you can play the trumpet, right? Do you play a musical instrument?


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[Assistant] Maybe if you practice every day, if you practice every day, right, and you put some hard work into it.


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[Assistant] If you practice every day, maybe, maybe you can play for them too. Something to think about. If you enjoy playing music, if you really like playing a musical instrument,


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[Assistant] Practice every day, maybe you'll become good enough and you can join the New York Philharmonic. That's a, it's a very impressive dream, isn't it? That would be a goal for your life.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, if you are interested in that. Okay, next one.


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[Assistant] We're going over the reading comprehension questions. So this story is about, what is this story about? What have we been talking about in this story? Uh, we have A, musicians, B, an orchestra, C, a conductor, D, instruments.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So think about the reading passage. The reading passage started by describing a scene, right? Many musicians come in, uh,


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[Assistant] The audience quiets down, a conductor bows, the music begins to play. We talked about how many musicians there are, how many musical instruments they use. We talked about the New York Philharmonic. What are we talking about? Are we talking about musicians?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, we're not talking about individual musicians. We're talking about a large group of musicians. What is a group?


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[Assistant] So this story is really about an orchestra, right? Because we're talking about the group of musicians and we're talking about a special orchestra, the New York Philharmonic, which is a special kind of orchestra. We're not talking about a conductor.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A conductor sure was mentioned, but that's a small detail of the writing passage. And we're not talking about instruments. Again, they mentioned instruments very briefly, but that's just a small detail. The whole passage is about an orchestra.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, what is an orchestra? What is it like? What is, what are you, uh, what's the scene of an orchestra? What is a famous example of an orchestra? The New York Philharmonic. We're talking about an orchestra.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, B. The New York Philharmonic performed a historic concert where? We talked about that, right? I said, Pukhan. Where is Pukhan? South Korea? Nooo. South Korea is, uh, Hanguk, right? New York. Not in New York and not in Philadelphia, but in North Korea.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That was historic because it's a special place. It was a special case, right? North Korea doesn't usually allow uh, concerts to go in there, so


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was a special case. A historic concert in North Korea.


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[Assistant] A historic concert in North Korea. Okay, next one.


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[Assistant] A conductor's job is to beep. What does the conductor do?


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[Assistant] We talked about that the conductor is a leader, but does the conductor lead the audience?


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[Assistant] Is the audience performing? Right? The conductor doesn't lead the audience. The audience just sits there and goes, wow, right, listens. So nobody leads the audience. That's not correct, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well that sounds a little weird because the conductor doesn't just slow down the music, the conductor also speeds up the music. So the conductor isn't just making sure the music is slow, the conductor is also making sure the music is fast. It depends on the situation. So B is not


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The conductor's job is to make sure the music is fast? Well that's the same as B, right? That doesn't make sense. So that doesn't make sense.


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[Assistant] So we have D. A conductor's job is to make sure everyone is playing together. And that's what we're talking about, right? Remember we, we talked about that. We said there are so many musicians. There are a hundred musicians. They need help, right? They can't see the other musicians maybe because they have their instruments.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They need to see somebody who's going to tell them to help them play together well. You have so many musicians, you need to make sure everyone is playing together. That is the conductor's job. So, a conductor's job is to make sure everyone is playing together. And that is the job of the conductor.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, number four, a full-size orchestra, a full-size orchestra, we're talking about a philharmonic, is made up of beep what? What makes up a full-size orchestra or a philharmonic? What did the reading passage say?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, Full Size Orchestra is made up of a conductor, 30 different instruments, and an audience.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Audience? An audience makes up an orchestra? That sounds strange. The audience members are not part of the orchestra


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's silly. That doesn't make sense. The audience just comes to see the orchestra. They're not part of the orchestra. Okay, B.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A leader, 30 musicians, and a baton.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, that's kind of silly right there. A baton is just, you know, it's what the conductor uses. It's not really part of an orchestra. So B is a silly answer. How about C? A conductor, a hundred different instruments, and thirty musicians.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Oh wait a minute, let's think about that for a second. You have 30 musicians and 100 different instruments? How can that work? That means that each person has to have more than one instrument. In fact,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 30 people would have to play more than 3 instruments. For example, right, the violinist playing the violin, right, they'd have to throw it down and then pick up the flute, right, and then throw that down and do the cello.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's crazy, right? Usually musicians concentrate on just playing one instrument. You can't have a hundred different musicians, uh, uh, instruments. You can't have a hundred different instruments and only thirty people to play them. They'll be running around like crazy. That would be a mess.


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[Assistant] So it can't be C, that's silly. How about D? A conductor, a hundred musicians, and thirty different instruments.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That makes sense, doesn't it? Because you have many people


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A hundred people and only thirty instruments. That means, uh, many of those musicians are playing the same instrument, right? So you have a group of people playing the violin. You have a group of people


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The New York Philharmonic. The New York Philharmonic is world famous. We talked about that. They're known all over the world.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And part of the reason why they're world famous is because the Philharmonic has musicians from all over the world. They're not just Americans, they could be Russians, right? They could be Africans or Egyptians, right? They could be from Asia, Chinese, Koreans.


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[Assistant] Today about 100 concerts are given each year. We talked about that too. That's at least three concerts a year. They're very busy.


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[Assistant] Three concerts a week, I'm sorry. That's at least three concerts a week. Because, you know, 52 weeks in a year, 180 concerts. That's a lot of concerts every year.


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[Assistant] And finally, they have some of the best musicians in the world. We talked about that. They have musicians from all over the world. They want to be part of the New York Philharmonic.


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[Assistant] And that's why the passage says if you play an instrument, right, and if you play it well, if you like to play the instrument, and if you practice every day, maybe


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[Assistant] You can join the New York Philharmonic also. Okay? That would be a very exciting dream, our exciting goal.


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[Assistant] Okay, well that wraps it up for the New York Philharmonic. Hope you've learned a lot about orchestras and about a certain type of uh, musical performance. Okay, we'll see you guys next time. Take care everybody.


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[Assistant] No matter where we are, we're almost always affected by our environment. Because we're affected by the medium that we're in.


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[Assistant] So far, we've talked about systems versus their surroundings. We've learned that mass and energy cannot be created or destroyed.


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[Assistant] Then we have shear stress. You thought I was going to say parallel stress, didn't you? We can find stress by taking the applied force and dividing it by our cross-sectional area. Now, once a fluid is stressed, the degree to which it stretches is called strain. Simply put, strain is the deformation that stress causes on a system. If the deformation causes something in a system to become either shorter or longer, then we can find its strain by taking the change in length and dividing it by the initial length.


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[Assistant] But what if neither plate moved, and we had a pump driving the flow of the fluid between them? Well, the same no-slip condition would apply, so while the fluid moved, its particles at the surface of the two plates would stay stationary. But another thing we need to take into account is viscosity. Viscosity is essentially a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.


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[Assistant] Their viscosity can change under stress, and therefore their strain can too. A non-Newtonian fluid will actually thicken or thin out if you apply a force to it, which is exactly what happens when you step into quicksand.


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[Assistant] He spent much of his career studying fluid mechanics, and one of his greatest contributions was his work on fluid flow patterns. In 1883, Reynolds conducted an experiment that revealed there are two main types of flow in a pipe.


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[Assistant] In his experiment, Reynolds used a colored fluid with the same density of water, and injected a very thin stream of it into a large, transparent tube, with water flowing through it. When he injected the dye into slow-moving water, the flow of the dye maintained its place and pattern in the center of the water.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And multiplying it by the velocity of the fluid and the density of the fluid, then dividing all of that by the viscosity of the fluid. Now the value we get for our Reynolds number will be dimensionless, meaning there are no units attached to it. But it can tell us a lot about the movement of a fluid.


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[Assistant] It lets us know how predictable or chaotic our fluid flow will be. That's because we can look at the Reynolds number as a ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces. Inertial forces represent the driving kinetic movement of the fluid.


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[Assistant] Which result in chaotic flow movement, like the swirling motion of eddies and vortices. Viscous forces represent resistance to flow and are more likely to provide slow, steady motion. So the more powerful your viscous forces are, the slower and more controlled the fluid's motion will be.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Like that new car we're designing. If we're testing our new car in a wind tunnel, we'll want to see how the air around the car is moving, and design our vehicle to account for the flow. The more resistance our cars have from the air, the harder it is to go faster, and the more fuel they'll need to use to travel at a given speed. This is why understanding fluid flow is so important.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So remember, it's not just the system that matters, but also the surroundings. Today was all about fluid mechanics. We talked about the different scales that we work with as engineers, as well as mass and energy transfers.


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[Assistant] You can head over to their channel to check out a playlist of their amazing shows like The Art Assignment, The Origin of Everything, and Physics Girl. Crash Course is a Complexly production.


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[Assistant] 1A, Unit 2. Peek-a-boo!


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[Assistant] I'm always praying to God. Uhm, this is a part of the journey of my choreography.


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[Assistant] In the morning, we rehearse until the sun up. Noon, I train girls.


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[Assistant] The lead dancers, I pick them as uhm, big case, double murder, murder. If you pick only a thief by maybe one week, he will gun.


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[Assistant] And high school, maybe one year in high school I danced. Now I'm proud to be a professional choreographer.


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[Assistant] This is my passion. This is my path. So maybe it's God's will.


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[Assistant] Then it hurts because Sir Michael is a good guy.


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[Assistant] This is so dedicated to all my friends. Indie. This is so indie.


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[Assistant] Guess what, Lieutenant Dan? They want to give me a...


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[Assistant] Ma'am, what'd they do with Lieutenant Dane?


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[Assistant] Hello, young explorers. Welcome to X-Radio. Now, I'm in the Arctic. It is freezing here. In the Antarctic, it is even colder. Can you imagine that?


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[Assistant] Polar areas cover the top and bottom of the earth. The Arctic is the most northern part of the world. The Antarctic is the most southern part. Polar areas are freezing. The Antarctic is even colder than the Arctic.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The North Pole is inside the Arctic Ocean. Water and ice sheets dominate the Arctic. The South Pole is on Antarctica. The land is the main part of the Antarctic.


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[Assistant] Many Arctic animals, such as polar bears, are white. The color white can hide them in snow and ice. Some animals here change color from season to season for self protection.


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[Assistant] For example, some species of foxes are white in winter and brown in summer. Antarctic animals also have their own special ways to survive.


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[Assistant] The penguin is an example. Its little wings help it keep balance in the water. Its feathers are also helpful. A layer of air between them can warm the penguin in the icy water.


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[Assistant] This protects the penguin from freezing when it goes hunting in the water.


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[Assistant] Well, young explorers, thanks for listening. See you next time!


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[Assistant] The U.S. Ping Pong team met with President Nixon today at an Oval Office ceremony.


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[Assistant] Quack, quack, quack. I'm Doc. I'm Doc. Quack, quack, quack.


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[Assistant] Quack, quack. Gobble, gobble, gobble. Quack, quack, quack.


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[Assistant] Hey! Anybody wanna go to San Francisco? I'll go. Farah!


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[Assistant] Yes sir, they surely did. They gave you an imbecile, a moron who goes on television.


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[Assistant] 1A Unit 7 Walking, Walking


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[Assistant] 1A Unit 11 Johnny Hammers


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[Assistant] One hammer, two hammers, three hammers, four hammers, five hammers.


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[Assistant] One hammer, two hammers, three hammers, four hammers, five hammers.


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[Assistant] 1A Unit 12 The Chimney


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[Assistant] 1B, Unit 7. Where is Thumbkin?


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[Assistant] Frank, is the track ready yet? Tomorrow, Joe. Tomorrow. You guys are slow.


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[Assistant] Seven cucumbers! One, two, three.


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[Assistant] To understand the behavior of any linear system, consider the following simple example.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] After all the initial oscillations expire,


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[Assistant] The output frequency of a linear system is always exactly equal to the input frequency, meaning that the frequency of each yellow sphere is exactly equal to the frequency of its corresponding red sphere.


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[Assistant] Each red sphere moves up and down with the exact same amplitude.


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[Assistant] The frequency determines the ratio of the output amplitude to the input amplitude.


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[Assistant] The frequency response can be calculated from the system's transfer function.


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[Assistant] The input to the transfer function is the variable s.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] S is a complex number with the real and imaginary components along these two axes.


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[Assistant] The output of the transfer function is also a complex number.


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[Assistant] With a magnitude given by the height of this graph.


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[Assistant] Let's change the color of each point to match the corresponding color of the transfer function at that location.


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[Assistant] We can use these colors to graph the difference between the output phase and the input phase.


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[Assistant] In this particular example, the input and output are in phase at low frequencies, and they are out of phase at high frequencies.


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[Assistant] By changing the transfer function of a system, we can change its frequency response.


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[Assistant] The output amplitude at the resonant frequency can grow to infinity.


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[Assistant] This is why for some systems, applying the resonant frequency can destroy the system.


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[Assistant] The transfer function is the Laplace transform of the unit impulse response.


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[Assistant] Please subscribe for notifications when new videos are ready. And if you're able to,


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[Assistant] Please consider supporting us on Patreon through the link in the video description. Thank you.


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[Assistant] Now I am ready for the three dimensional shapes. Here come the spheres.


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[Assistant] Oh hi! This is our friend, Robo J5.


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[Assistant] Hi! I'm a monster truck too, and I'm excited to see you all race tomorrow!


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[Assistant] Welcome to the Monster Truck Shape Race. First, let's meet our team. Mike from Team Sphere.


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[Assistant] And our best of the best, Joe from Team Comb.


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[Assistant] The first race is the 2D shape race. The shapes you will have to go around are a circle, an oval, a triangle, a square, a rectangle, and an octagon.


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[Assistant] It looks like Dale from Team Cylinder is out of the competition. And now we have the squares.


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[Assistant] We have four monster trucks who made it to the end of the 2D Shape Challenge. The 3D Shape Challenge will have the following shapes. A sphere. A cube.


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[Assistant] Alice from Team Pyramid cannot continue the race.


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[Assistant] Now they have to go over and around the cylinders.


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[Assistant] Looks like Tracy from Team Cube is stuck on top of the pyramid and cannot continue the race.


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[Assistant] And now we have two trucks lined up for their last challenge that will have both 2D shapes and 3D shapes.


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[Assistant] The 2D shapes are a circle. An oval. A square.


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[Assistant] And the 3D shapes are a sphere, a cube, a cylinder, a pyramid, and a cone.


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[Assistant] It looks like Mike from Team Sphere cannot continue the race because of a flat tire and he has no one to race for him. So we have our winner. Yes! And the winner is...


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[Assistant] Wow, looks like we have a monster truck who can race for Team Sphere. Thank you, Bill. Toys! Let the final race begin!


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[Assistant] I is for ice cream and J is for jam.


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[Assistant] Hi, R. Do you want to go with us?


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[Assistant] Hi V! Hi W! Let's go to the zoo! Thank you, Max!


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[Assistant] I've spent a lot of time and a lot of money and a lot of effort trying to cure my acne.


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[Assistant] Well, I've noticed my skin's been a bit clearer, a bit less red. They used to take about three or four days to go down. Now, they can be gone by the morning.


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[Assistant] My sleep is ad hoc. I don't have a set time of going to, of going to bed. I don't think I'm ever really truly in a deep sleep.


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[Assistant] I'm getting probably about seven hours, which is good for me, but it's not just the length, it's the quality as well. I found the last few nights I haven't been waking up as often.


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[Assistant] Well, I hope you got some rest and you're ready for whatever we throw you today. Today is your last chance to win an apron and secure your place in MasterChef 2021. We had such a great day yesterday. We awarded 19 aprons. That means there's still five upper grabs today sitting right there.


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[Assistant] So, all you have to do is cook one of the best five dishes, and one of those aprons could be yours. But, take a little look around because there's a lot of you.


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[Assistant] Alright guys, I reckon this is gonna get pretty crazy in a minute because your 45 minutes starts now!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We tasted some incredible food today. And I know we say this a lot.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The first apron goes to an ambitious dish that was very high risk. Everything was perfect. From the veg, to the sauce, to the perfectly cooked


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Will we do orecchiette with broccoli?


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[Assistant] And I've made a vanilla crumb and glaze and an apple compote.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I have three of the Sri Lankan curries that I really love to eat, which is a chicken curry, an eggplant, um, brinjal curry and a kiwi curry.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I went through a pretty, pretty hectic life experience. I went through breast cancer.


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[Assistant] Was that why you came? For this stupid stone? No. I don't even know what that is. You're a class act, sister.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So nice you could join me this evening. You're looking lovely as always.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Was that why you came? For this stupid stone? No, I don't even know what that is. You're a class act, sister.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The nettles, depends on the time of year, but I mean it can be all day, they can be, uh, you know, itching away there.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You feel it's less irritating, less burning. I mean, plantain I think is just a weed that grows in, in disturbed ground and you can collect all these ingredients up, stick them in a pot and mix them up and then you've got something useful at the end of it. I mean, that's really impressive stuff.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When you use the word name, you might be familiar with the meaning of naming.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Can you name three species of monkey? Can you name four of my merits?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 那么name做动词呢还可以是要求某人明确的指出具体的说明自己想要知道的事物价格人民等等这些


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So Xiao Li Zi was nominated for Best Actor at the Academy Awards. Art Daven was named as Best Actor at the Academy Awards.


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[Assistant] Let me announce that the final winner of Oscar is... Ben Affleck.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, name means the final winner, and nominate means the winner is one of the candidates.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In some cases, there are other ways to assist a friend.


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[Assistant] But hey, once they put the patch on my heart, I swear to be like Iron Man. Technically Iron Man has a magnet, not a patch.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It can't be good for my health to have these kind of peaks and troughs of anxiety. And if I could just work out a way to be a lot more calm leading up to a deadline, I think it would greatly improve the quality of mine and my husband's life.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Calm, I suppose. I don't know if that's because I took a few minutes away from my computer to have a drink.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, this is a taste test. There are 18 flavoured biscuits in that tin. There are some obvious ones. But, like any true MasterChef challenge, we've thrown in a few curlies. You'll have a total of 15 minutes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Who identify the least amount of flavours correctly? They're going to round two, where they're fighting for their place in the competition.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We ask you guys to taste and identify 18 flavoured biscuits in that tin.