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[Assistant] Moses, Buddha, Muhammad, Jesus, the Hindu teachers, prophets and mystics, all went into the wilderness, up into the mountains, into the desert, to sit quietly and listen for those secrets that were to guide their societies for millennia. I go into the Okavango on my Makoro. You must join me one day. Over 50 percent of the remaining wilderness is unprotected. A huge opportunity. A chance for us all.


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[Assistant] Since the 2015 megatransit, we have explored all major rivers of the Okavango River Basin, covering a life-changing 4,000 miles of detailed research transects on our dugout canoes and our Fat Time mountain bikes.


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[Assistant] We now have 57 top scientists rediscovering what we call the Okavango Zambezi Water Tower. This vast post-war wilderness with undocumented source lakes, unnamed waterfalls and what is Africa's largest remaining miombo woodland.


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[Assistant] We have now discovered 24 new species to science and hundreds of species not known to be there. This year, we start the process with the Angolan government.


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[Assistant] To establish one of the largest systems of protected areas in the world to preserve the Okavango Zambezi water tower we have been exploring. Downstream, this represents water security for millions of people and more than half of the elephants remaining on this planet. There is no doubt.


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[Assistant] This is the biggest conservation opportunity in Africa in decades. Over the next 10 to 15 years, we need to make an unprecedented investment in the preservation of wilderness around the world. To me, preserving wilderness


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[Assistant] It's far more than simply protecting ecosystems that clean the water we drink and create the air we breathe.


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[Assistant] Preserving wilderness protects our basic human right to be wild, our basic human rights to explore. Thank you.


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[Assistant] Zippy laughed. Then he gasped. Zippy was speeding toward a truck. The truck was carrying a satellite. Zippy slammed his brakes and slid.


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[Assistant] My wheel is broken, the truck said. I can't bring Rocky this satellite.


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[Assistant] Jeb picked up the satellite. He put it in Eddie's dumper.


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[Assistant] Ms. Fender went to Zippy. You're in big trouble, she said. Get ready, a voice said. Blast off is in ten seconds. Everyone counted down. Ten, nine, eight, seven, six, five, four, three, two, one. Goodbye, Rocky said.


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[Assistant] Thank you so much for this program, I love it. Uhm, I'm a beta tester as well, so I'm a bit of a head.


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[Assistant] Yeah, so uhm, yeah, I got my reply in less than 24 hours, like after 13 hours.


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[Assistant] I actually posted a question about another income stream, so.


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[Assistant] Right now, I'm kind of, yeaah, looking for new income streams and...


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[Assistant] It was incredible because I was just posting this with the, uhm, with the technique and the next day,


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[Assistant] And uhm, I was in discussion with them and then the next day, uhm, his assistant and


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[Assistant] You see, I teach entrepreneurship, and we all know that most new ventures fail.


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[Assistant] It looks like it's chance because we rarely see all the levers that come into play to make people lucky.


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[Assistant] But I've realized by watching so long that luck is rarely a lightning strike, isolated and dramatic.


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[Assistant] It's much more like the wind blowing constantly.


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[Assistant] Sometimes it's calm and sometimes it blows in gusts and sometimes it comes from directions that you didn't even imagine. So how do you catch the winds of luck? It's easy, but it's not obvious.


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[Assistant] So I'm going to share some things, three things with you that you can do


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[Assistant] Build a sail to capture the winds of luck. The first thing you want to do is to change your relationship with yourself.


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[Assistant] Be willing to take small risks that get you out of your comfort zone.


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[Assistant] Now, when we're children, we do this all the time.


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[Assistant] We have to do this if we're going to learn how to walk or talk or ride a bike or even quantum mechanics, right? We need to go from someone one week who doesn't ride a bike to next week someone who does. And this requires us to get out of our comfort zone and take some risks.


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[Assistant] The problem is, as we get older, we rarely do this. We sort of lock down the sense of who we are and don't stretch anymore.


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[Assistant] Now with my students, I spend a lot of time giving them encouragement to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks.


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[Assistant] How do I do this? Well I start out by having them fill out a riskometer. Now it's basically a fun thing we developed in our class where they map out what risks they're willing to take. And it becomes clear, very quickly to them, that risk taking is not binary.


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[Assistant] I then encourage them to stretch, to take some risks that get them out of their comfort zone. For example, I might ask them to do an intellectual risk and try to tackle a problem they haven't tried before.


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[Assistant] Or a social risk, talking to someone sitting next to them on the train.


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[Assistant] Or an emotional risk, maybe telling someone they really care about how they feel. I do this myself all the time.


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[Assistant] About a dozen years ago, I was on an airplane, early, early morning flight on my way to Ecuador. And I was, uhm,


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[Assistant] Normally I would just put on my headphones and go to sleep, wake up, do some work, but I decided to take a little risk. And I started a conversation with the man sitting next to me. I introduced myself, and I learned that he was a publisher.


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[Assistant] Interesting. We ended up having a fascinating conversation. I learned all about the future of the publishing industry. So about three quarters of the way through the


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[Assistant] Through the flight, I decided to take another risk. And I opened up my laptop and I shared with him a book proposal I was put together for something I was doing in my class. And he was very polite, he read it, and he said, you know what, Tina, this isn't right for us, but thank you so much for sharing. It's OK, that risk didn't work out.


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[Assistant] Shut my laptop. At the end of the flight, we exchanged contact information. A couple of months later, I reached out to him.


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[Assistant] And I said, Mark, would you like to come to my class? I'm doing a project on reinventing the book, the future of publishing. He said, great, I'd love to come. So we came to my class, we had a great experience.


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[Assistant] Few months later, I wrote him again. This time, I sent him a bunch of video clips from another project my students had done. He was so intrigued.


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[Assistant] By one of the projects the students had done, he thought there might be a book in it, and he wanted to meet those students. Now, I have to tell you, I was a little bit hurt, right?


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[Assistant] And this met with the students and afterwards we had lunch together. And one of his editors said to me, hey, have you ever considered writing a book?


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[Assistant] Within two weeks I had a contract, and within two years the book had sold over a million copies around the world.


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[Assistant] Now, you might say, oh, you're so lucky. But of course I was lucky, but that luck resulted from a series of small risks I took, starting with saying hello.


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[Assistant] And anyone can do this. No matter where you are in your life, no matter where you are in the world, no matter even if you think you're the most unlucky person, you can do this by taking little risks that get you out of your comfort zone. You start building a sail to capture luck.


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[Assistant] The second thing you want to do is to change your relationship with other people.


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[Assistant] You need to understand that everyone who helps you on your journey is playing a huge role in getting you to your goals. And if you don't show appreciation, not only are you not closing the loop, but you're missing an opportunity.


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[Assistant] When someone does something for you, they're taking that time that they could be spending on themselves or someone else. And you need to acknowledge what they're doing. Now,


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[Assistant] I run three fellowship programs at Stanford.


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[Assistant] And they're very competitive to get into. And when I send out the letters to those students who don't get in, I always know there are going to be people who are disappointed.


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[Assistant] Some of the people who are disappointed send me notes complaining. Some of them send notes saying, what can I do to make myself more successful next time around? And every once in a while, someone sends me a note thanking me for the opportunity.


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[Assistant] This happened about seven years ago. A young man named Brian sent me a beautiful note saying, I know I've been rejecting from this program twice, but I want to thank you for the opportunity. I learned so much through the process of applying.


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[Assistant] I was so taken by the graciousness of his message that I invited him to come and meet me.


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[Assistant] He was on the football team at Stanford, and he decided to do a project on looking at leadership in that context. We got to know each other incredibly well through that quarter, and he took the project that he started working on in the independent study and turned it ultimately into a company called Play for Tomorrow.


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[Assistant] Is that we both ended up catching the winds of luck as a result of his thank you note.


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[Assistant] But it was the wins that we didn't expect in the first place.


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[Assistant] Over the course of the last couple of years, I've come up with some


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[Assistant] Tactics for my own life to help me really foster appreciation?


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[Assistant] I look at my calendar and I review all the people I met with and I send thank you notes to every single person.


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[Assistant] It only takes a few minutes, but at the end of every day, I feel incredibly grateful and appreciative. And I promise you, it has increased my luck.


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[Assistant] So first you need to take some risks and get out of your comfort zone. Second, you need to show appreciation. And third, you want to change your relationship with ideas.


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[Assistant] Most people look at new ideas that come their way and they judge them. That's a great idea or that's a terrible idea. But it's actually much more nuanced.


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[Assistant] Ideas are neither good nor bad. And in fact, in the seeds of terrible ideas are often something truly remarkable.


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[Assistant] One of my favorite exercises in my classes on creativity is to help students foster an attitude of looking at terrible ideas through the lens of possibilities. So I give them a challenge to create


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[Assistant] They have to come up with the best ideas for a new restaurant and the worst ideas for a new restaurant.


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[Assistant] So the best ideas are things like a restaurant on a mountaintop, you know, with a beautiful sunset. Or a restaurant on a boat with a gorgeous view. And the terrible ideas are things like a restaurant in a garbage dump. Or a restaurant, uh, with terrible service that's really dirty. Or a restaurant that serves cockroach sushi.


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[Assistant] So they hand all the ideas to me, I read the great ideas out loud, and then I rip them up and throw them away.


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[Assistant] I then take the horrible ideas and redistribute them.


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[Assistant] Each team now has an idea that another team thought was horrible, and their challenge is to turn it into something brilliant. Here's what happens.


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[Assistant] Within about 10 seconds, someone says, this is a fabulous idea!


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[Assistant] And they have to about three minutes before they pitch the idea to the class. So ...


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[Assistant] The restaurant in the garbage dump, what did that turn into? Well, they collect all the food from Michelin star restaurants that was going to get thrown out, all the extra food, and they'd have another restaurant at a much lower price with all the leftovers. Pretty cool? Or the restaurant that's dirty with terrible service?


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[Assistant] Well, that turns into a restaurant that's a training ground for future restaurateurs to figure out how to avoid all the pitfalls.


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[Assistant] And the restaurant with cockroach sushi? Well of course, it turns into a sushi bar with all sorts of really interesting and exotic ingredients.


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[Assistant] If you look around at the companies, the ventures that are really innovative around you, the ones that we now take for granted that have changed our life, well, you know what? They all started out as crazy ideas.


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[Assistant] They started ideas that when they pitched to other people, most people said, that's crazy, it will never work.


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[Assistant] Yes. Sometimes people were born into terrible circumstances, and sometimes luck is a lightning bolt that hits us with something wonderful or something terrible.


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[Assistant] But the winds of luck are always there. And if you're willing to take some risks, if you're willing,


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[Assistant] To really go out and show appreciation, and you're willing.


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[Assistant] To really look at ideas, even if they're crazy through the lens of possibilities, you build a bigger and bigger sail to catch the winds of luck. Thank you.


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[Assistant] Well hello and welcome to this English lesson where I'm going to help you learn how to describe places


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[Assistant] I have a number of English words that I'm going to teach you. I try to find the words that aren't at the


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[Assistant] Well, let me, let me put it this way. I try to find the words that are very common in English for describing things like places, but that I think maybe you haven't heard before because I know as you learn English, you probably learn the most common words to describe places and people and things.


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[Assistant] Cozy is, in my opinion, a very, uh, Canadian word. It's very much in my mind associated with a place that's warm.


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[Assistant] That's warm when it's cold outside. But it doesn't have to mean this. But my feeling of cozy would be to have a cup of hot tea and to be sitting in a room that has a fireplace. That would be the Canadian interpretation of what a cozy place is.


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[Assistant] But cozy can be almost anything. Some students when they go to university have a small dorm room, but they try to make it cozy, uh, by putting in comfortable furniture and by decorating it in a way that makes it warm and inviting. So cozy is simply any place


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[Assistant] Any of you that read books, the place where you go to read a book in your house is probably a very cozy place.


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[Assistant] We use some adjectives to describe people, and we also use them to describe places. So you can say that a place is friendly. This is kind of weird when I was teaching English a long time ago to a friend of mine from France.


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[Assistant] She didn't understand why we would say that a place is friendly.


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[Assistant] But if you go to a store and if the people there are friendly,


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[Assistant] You could also say that the store is friendly. So, if you look here, this lady is selling flowers. That's not Jen, by the way. That's not Jen in the picture. It's a different person selling flowers. But this looks like a very friendly place. It looks like a very friendly place to go and ask about flowers and buy flowers.


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[Assistant] So we can use the word friendly to describe a place as well.


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[Assistant] Uhm, I like to buy things from friendly places. In fact, the friendlier a place is, the more likely I am to be a regular.


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[Assistant] This, there's two actual meanings to this word and two spellings. Sorry, there's one meaning to this word. There's another spelling, uh, to talk about a person. But this is a word when we say homie, we mean to make something comfortable to make a place like


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[Assistant] Okay, so if you move into a new apartment and that apartment is empty, it's not homey.


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[Assistant] One of the first things people do when they move into a new place is they try to make it their own. They try to make it as homey as possible.


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[Assistant] They will move in their furniture. They will hang things on the wall. A painting maybe that they like and they will try to create a really homey space for themselves. So homey for me when I think about oh, it's just a really homey space or a homey place.


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[Assistant] I think of a comfortable couch. I think of maybe pillows that I like, maybe some uh posters or paintings on the wall that I like that would make me feel at home and when you feel at home, then you would describe a place as being very


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[Assistant] The opposite of dingy. A place that is, well, okay, not really the opposite. A dingy place is very much a place that is messy. A dingy place will smell. A dingy place will have stuff, garbage on the floor. A dingy place needs to be cleaned up.


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[Assistant] In a dingy apartment or a dingy house, uhm, the wallpaper might be coming off the walls, like in this picture. And it's just a place that's, uhm, not homey at all. It's definitely a place that is messy, a place that probably smells.


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[Assistant] Uhm, in a place that is rundown. That's another way to describe it. So sometimes,


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[Assistant] People will see an apartment they can rent on the internet and then when they go to look at it,


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[Assistant] Pictures on the internet look really homey and cozy, and when they get there it's actually quite dingy. It maybe doesn't have very much natural light, so it's kind of dark and smelly and dingy. Ah, let's see here.


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[Assistant] Uh, and then we also use some of the same words to describe, um, places as people as well. I think I mentioned that already. You can say that a place is beautiful.


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[Assistant] You can say that a place is gorgeous. So you'll see in this picture, this is just a very beautiful part of this city. So the same way you might describe a woman as being beautiful, you can also describe a place as being beautiful.


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[Assistant] In the same way as you might say maybe your favorite actress you think is gorgeous. You can also describe a city or a place that you are looking at as gorgeous. So just very, very pleasing and attractive and pleasing to the eye is what you would say.


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[Assistant] So, uh, a lot of times when I make videos on my farm, people will say that the landscape behind me is beautiful or that there was a gorgeous view of the farm when I made that lesson.


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[Assistant] Using some of the same adjectives that we would use to describe people, we can also describe places.


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[Assistant] And last week we did a lesson on dangerous things. Uhm, and so places can also be dangerous. I hope


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[Assistant] That, I don't know where this is. This is just a picture I found on the internet. So I don't know if this is a dangerous place. Hopefully you don't live there. Hopefully one of you watching doesn't say, hey, that's my house, and it's not dangerous. I took this picture because it's dark.


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[Assistant] And it's uhm, there's no people around. So when you go to large cities, there are sometimes places in those large cities where at night


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[Assistant] It's very dark, uhm, there aren't very many people around and it can be very dangerous. So you could say, oh, we went on a, on a vacation and we were in a certain city. I don't want to say a name.


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[Assistant] And at night we went out and we got lost and we ended up in a dangerous part of the city and someone stole my wallet. That could happen. That could happen to you in Toronto.


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[Assistant] I know sometimes people think Canada is this beautiful, amazing place with no crime and that's simply not true. There are dangerous places in Canada as well, so.


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[Assistant] Uhm, but yes, uh, things can be dangerous, usually at night, in some parts of some cities.


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[Assistant] Vast. So let me make this a little bit bigger.


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[Assistant] Seeing all of it without turning your head. So you, you look this way and the place is so vast you have to kind of


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[Assistant] Turn your head to take it all in in order to see it all. I believe this is the Grand Canyon. I'm checking my notes here. It is a place that is very very vast. You can't just look straight ahead and see everything. You have to look all around you because it's so big and wide and vast would be the word we would use.


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[Assistant] Uhm, let me make my slide a little smaller. I have a few slides that are a little more on the calm side. So when you describe a place as tranquil, it means that it's quiet, it's enjoyable. If you think about a busy office building where you work, it's not tranquil.


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[Assistant] It's probably loud and there's phones ringing and everyone is working hard. But if you think of a really nice island, maybe in the Caribbean or the Caribbean, there's two ways to say it, uh, or in the Mediterranean, maybe there's a really quiet place where you can go for a vacation.


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[Assistant] Uhm, maybe in the southern part of your country.


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[Assistant] And, uh, maybe on the ocean. And we would describe that place as tranquil.


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[Assistant] Uhm, like if you describe a lake as serene, there's not very many waves on the lake. If you describe, uhm, a place where you are as serene, it's usually quiet, but also lacks motion, okay? Uhm, but serene and tranquil can be used somewhat interchangeably.


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[Assistant] And then we of course have the word peaceful, just the standard word for describing a place that is calm, that is soothing, that makes you feel at peace.


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[Assistant] So if you were to go and sit by water, generally when I go to the lake or down to the river, I find those places to be very peaceful. They are places where my, I just relax when I'm there because it's not necessarily quiet.


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[Assistant] But I hear nature and I hear water and I don't hear traffic, I don't hear people.


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[Assistant] Don't hear kids fighting or yelling at each other, which sometimes happens in some people's houses, maybe in mine once in a while as well.


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[Assistant] Uh, let's see here. Let's finish with this and then we'll jump into some questions. So open. When a place is open,


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[Assistant] It means that there's no buildings. It means that there's, uh, mostly nature or farmland. So when you go out into the country, you could describe it as being very open.


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[Assistant] Uhm, the open plains, we would call it. In the Midwest of the United States, and in the Midwest of Canada, it's very, very open.


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[Assistant] It means that the walls are really close together and the spaces between buildings might be very narrow. You can see this alleyway is very narrow and it's not very straight and it's a little bit dark. This would be a very claustrophobic place to be.


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[Assistant] If I was in the Navy and they said, do you want to go on a submarine? I would say no, I'm really claustrophobic.


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[Assistant] I don't like being in really small places. Uhm, it just makes me, uhm, not scared. I'm just uncomfortable. But you can describe a place as being claustrophobic. This alleyway, this is a claustrophobic alleyway. It's very, very claustrophobic. Uhm, and let me just check something here.


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[Assistant] Yeaah, so claustrophobia is a fear of small places, so uhm, definitely you can feel claustrophobic.


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[Assistant] You can even feel claustrophobic in a crowd, by the way, if there's too many people around you.


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[Assistant] So this happens in almost every country. There are places that are really cool to visit. And eventually those places can become very touristy.


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[Assistant] If you go to Niagara Falls, it's very touristy at certain parts of the year. There are a lot of stores that specialize in selling things to tourists. There's a lot of places where things are very expensive because they know tourists have lots of money. In fact, here's a funny story.


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[Assistant] If you go to uhm, a restaurant in Hamilton, which is a city close to me, it will probably cost you about $20 for a meal.


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[Assistant] About $27 for the same meal because Niagara Falls is very touristy. Okay, there's lots of lights at night. There's lots of crowds of people walking around. There's a lot of souvenir shops where people sell t-shirts and little Canadian flags. So it's very, very touristy. Uhm.


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[Assistant] I think that's the only place close to me that is touristy. Toronto actually isn't very touristy. Uhm, there's not really any tourist attractions in Toronto though, like the whole city is a tourist attraction, whereas the actual Niagara Falls is the tourist attraction. Uh, let me see here.


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[Assistant] There's prop- in my mind, when I think about chaotic, I think about


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[Assistant] A city with lots of traffic in the downtown. If you go to downtown Toronto, it can be very chaotic.


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[Assistant] There's taxis, there's ubers, there's streetcars, there's the metro, uhm, there's the go train, there's people honking, there's crowds of people waiting to cross the street. It's very, very busy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And it can be very very chaotic. So when something is chaotic, it lacks order.


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[Assistant] So when something is very organized, uhm, it's very orderly. But when it's not, it can be chaotic. So uhm,


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[Assistant] Uh, so that city can definitely be described as chaotic. Expensive. I think this is Monaco.


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[Assistant] You can go to places that are expensive. As I mentioned earlier, Niagara Falls is actually kind of expensive compared to the rest of Canada.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When you go to Niagara Falls, uh, you tend to pay more for certain things. Even gas is a little more expensive for your car in Niagara Falls. And I'm pretty sure most major cities have


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] An area where wealthy people like to go. So they have nicer restaurants and nicer stores and shops and it's very, very expensive. And of course there's also places that are inexpensive.


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[Assistant] So if a place is inexpensive, it means it costs less money. Camping is usually inexpensive.


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[Assistant] Although camping has become a little more expensive each year here in Canada.


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[Assistant] Because they want to use the money to protect our parks, okay? So camping is inexpensive compared to going to Monaco. But camping can be still a little bit expensive. But you can certainly describe a trip to a certain place.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As being inexpensive, like you could say, oh, we went to London and it was very inexpensive. It wasn't very expensive at all. It was actually quite cheap. I think that right now


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If you were to travel, if you were allowed to, it's very inexpensive. Plane tickets right now in Canada are very, very cheap, uhm, because most places would love tourists to start visiting, although it's hard to get back into Canada without quarantining right now.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So this street is probably usually bustling with people. This place is probably usually a lot of fun and exciting, but you can see the little pylons and the gates there because this street is closed. There are many places in the world right now


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When you describe a place as charming, it usually has some history to it. If you go to Quebec City, which is in the province of Quebec, it's one of our older cities and it has really old buildings in the downtown area.


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[Assistant] Uhm, so if you go to an old city in North America or an older city in Europe, you'll see places that are very charming. Uhm, if you go to an older city in any country, you will find in areas where you just feel


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A sense of history when you are there and you see older things and it's just very cute and very charming.


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[Assistant] So I use the word bustling once already, uhm, when you go to a large city, especially if you're in the area where people need to get on the subway or the metro, especially if it's after work.


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[Assistant] It might be bustling. When it's bustling, uh, when a place is bustling, there's lots of people and there's lots of, you can hear people talking and you can hear people, um, moving around and walking and everyone's trying to get somewhere. When you go to a sports game, when the game is over,


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[Assistant] I would describe the streets outside the arena or the stadium as being, uhm, the streets are bustling with people. Okay, so it's just a lot of people all kind of moving in one direction.


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[Assistant] And you could also use the word crowded, okay? Uhm, some people when they travel, they find some places to be crowded. In fact, our school, uh, went on a trip a number of years ago to Europe and they visited a number of European cities and they went during a time


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[Assistant] When you describe a place as being cosmopolitan, what you usually mean is that many people from many different countries who speak many different languages are all living in the same area. The best example I can give is this. The Canadian city of Montreal is very cosmopolitan. It has


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[Assistant] English speaking people and French speaking people, but it also has a lot of people from, uh, from many other countries in the world.


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[Assistant] And so you will have many different restaurants, many different types of food in Montreal. You will have many different, uhm, you'll hear people speaking different languages. You'll, uhm, it's just a, it's probably the city in Canada that has


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[Assistant] The highest number of people from different parts of the world all living and working together. So we would say it's very cosmopolitan.


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[Assistant] If you went to Montreal and you were craving food from your home country, you would probably be able to find a restaurant there that makes it and you would find someone who was originally from your country who owns that restaurant. It's a very cosmopolitan city.


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[Assistant] So picturesque, when you describe a place as being picturesque, this one's easy to remember because it simply means a place where


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[Assistant] You just want to take a picture of it or it looks like a beautiful picture. When I look at the river this morning, I looked out the window at the river on my farm and it was very picturesque. The water was very calm. The trees all have leaves on them now and it's just a beautiful thing to see. It's very picturesque.


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[Assistant] It's, it means it's worthy of having a picture taken or it can mean it just looks like a picture, like it looks like nature can look like a piece of art sometimes.


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[Assistant] And then who we have run down, which I mentioned earlier when I talked about dingy. When a place is run down, it means that things are starting to fall apart. So sometimes people will go on a trip and they'll say, oh, the trip was lovely, but we went to a restaurant and it was kind of run down.


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[Assistant] Like the tables were falling apart and, you know, you can go to places where things need to be fixed.


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[Assistant] And no one is fixing them. Okay. So you can go to places that are run down.


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[Assistant] And even parts of buildings can be run down. I have a friend that lives in an apartment building in Toronto and it's a very nice apartment building but the basement is very run down where they do their laundry and park their cars so it needs to be fixed.


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[Assistant] Magical. When people go to Disneyland or Disney World or when people visit castles, sometimes they describe it as magical. It was a magical place, meaning that it was like there was magic in the air. You know what magic is, like when you, uh, pull a rabbit out of a hat, it's a magic trick. Uhm, so some people, when they go


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[Assistant] To a place that makes them forget about the real world, they might say that it was magical. By the way, I would love to visit this castle and believe this is in Germany. That would be a very magical place to visit.


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[Assistant] You can also use the word enchanting, very similar to magical. Uhm, you can see here that this road, the trees, it's very enchanting.


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[Assistant] It almost has like a magic type feeling to it. It feels like this is maybe from a story where magic is real. So we would describe it as enchanting.


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[Assistant] Something that is just really nice to look at, uhm, and feels magical. I'll use that word again.


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[Assistant] Let's see here. Traditional. Some places can be very traditional. So in some places, in some cities in Canada, there are laws about what people can do when they fix their houses. Because the city wants them to keep things very traditional.


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[Assistant] So there are historical areas or places where if you replace the door you have to put a traditional door back on the house. If you replace the windows or the shutters they have to be traditional.


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[Assistant] So there are some places where the government has decided to preserve how things look, maybe a certain street or neighborhood, and then you would say it's very traditional.


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[Assistant] So this word came up earlier in the lesson. When a place is secluded, it means there's not very many people around.


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[Assistant] In Canada, there are many secluded places that you can go to. You can go to the northern part of any province in Canada.


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[Assistant] And it is, you will be secluded. It's very secluded, okay? Northern Ontario is very secluded. You could go so far north that you could find a lake and you would be the only person in that


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[Assistant] Like canoeing on that lake. It's very, very secluded if you go really, really far north. It's also really cold, by the way.


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[Assistant] Uhm, and then we also have remote. Okay, so secluded and remote.


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[Assistant] Kind of related, uhm, if you live in a remote area, it means that


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[Assistant] That's not exactly true. I have a neighbor across the road. I can see my neighbors quite easily. They're about a kilometer each way. But if I lived somewhere where


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[Assistant] I needed to drive 10 kilometers before I would see another person's house. I would say that that area is remote. Very, very remote.


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[Assistant] Deserted. When a place is deserted, it means there's no people. So it's kind of the opposite of crowded or the opposite of bustling. So if you go to a place, uhm, right now many places are deserted. Niagara Falls is deserted right now. There's no people there.


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[Assistant] You can also use it to describe a building that is just not used anymore. So it's a deserted building and you can see it has the word desert in it, right? Desert is like a place that's just sand and very, very hot, um, and very, very, very few people.


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[Assistant] Were it really lightly as well? Like you could say, were there a lot of people at the store? No, it was deserted.


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[Assistant] And that basically means you were the only customer. Uh, and again, if I went to Niagara Falls right now because of the lockdown, it's probably quite deserted right now, I would say. Scenic?


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[Assistant] So whenever I think of the word scenic, the places I think of are places in Canada and in the United States that look beautiful in the fall. Okay. So there is a road close to me and it's just very scenic in the fall.


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[Assistant] When you drive down that road, the leaves are turning color on the trees and around every corner


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[Assistant] It's just beautiful, like it just looks amazing. It's very scenic. We sometimes use this word to describe, you know, when you look at a city, if you go up a mountain at night and look at a city, you might have a very scenic view.


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[Assistant] Very similar, like just a place that's beautiful to look at, very scenic.


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[Assistant] Unspoiled would be any place that has not been touched by human beings. So there are many places in Canada that are unspoiled.


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[Assistant] I'm sure there are many places in countries like Russia that are unspoiled. If you go out into the wilderness, you can find places where humans have not built any houses. There are no roads. It is completely unspoiled.


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[Assistant] Noisy. So this is a pretty simple one. I'm sure most of you know this. Uh, if you


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[Assistant] Decide to go somewhere. It can be very noisy. It's not nice when Jen and I stayed at a hotel once and the hotel was very noisy. Uhm, but you can also have noisy streets. Uhm, you can have a lot of honking, a lot of yelling, a lot of people talking. And then clean. So,


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[Assistant] Some cities are very clean. I believe this is in Singapore. I believe uhm, this might be one of the cleanest places in the world.


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[Assistant] Um, I think it's one of the places that has many laws to keep cities clean, to keep city streets clean. Um, but some places just aren't clean. Um, you would then describe them as dirty or dingy. I guess dirty would be the best. Yeah, we went on a trip, but it was just really, the city was really dirty.


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[Assistant] Like there was a lot of pollution and trash and garbage and those kinds of things. But you can describe a place as being very, very clean. Uhm, awe-inspiring. So,


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[Assistant] Generally when I think about awe-inspiring, I think of things like Niagara Falls would be awe-inspiring. It's also breathtaking. So anything that makes you


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[Assistant] Just stop and look at something and feel amazed or to be in awe is the other way of saying it. So in the United States, there are many places that are just awe inspiring. I actually don't think this is in the US though. I think this is in the country of Jordan, but there are many places in the world where


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[Assistant] Uhm, I'm sure there are many places in the world you would like to visit because you've seen photos and it just looks amazing. It just looks breathtaking.


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[Assistant] The mountains, uhm, the rocky mountains are breathtaking. I have only seen them from one side. I would love to see them in the United States and in Canada. But some of the, uhm, mountain peaks are breathtaking. When you look at them,


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[Assistant] It doesn't actually take your breath away, but it kind of takes your breath away because it's so so beautiful to see.


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[Assistant] And there are places that are famous. I think Las Vegas is maybe one of the most famous places in the world.


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[Assistant] So if you ask someone, where would you like to go on a trip? Someone could say, oh, I'd like to go to a few famous places. I'd like to go to Hollywood. I'd like to go to Las Vegas. I'd like to go to Times Square in New York City. Those are all famous places.


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[Assistant] Uh, in the United States, a lot of the famous places are in the US, but I think that's because of their television and film industry. We get to see little glimpses of these famous places.


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[Assistant] Quaint. So, a place can be quaint as well. So, I would say quaint is very similar to charming. When a place is quaint, it has a little bit of an older feel to it. Uhm, it's very cute. It's very uhm,


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[Assistant] Yeah, like when I th- I always think of like older cities like Quebec City where the streets are a little narrower, there's lots of places to sit, and there's really old, cute buildings, I would say that it is


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[Assistant] Often when I'm watching, uhm, a TV show from Britain, sometimes they'll go to quaint little villages in Britain where the houses are older and the streets are older and there's a lot of cobblestone roads and brick and it's just very quaint.


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[Assistant] Uhm, when you go somewhere and it's just a place where you have really good memories, where you saw things and you had a good time, you would describe it as memorable.


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[Assistant] And then thriving. So I use this word in a lesson when I talked about a tree on my farm, on my other channel a few days ago. I said the tree wasn't thriving. When something thrives, it means it's healthy and growing and doing well. So many of the trees on our property are thriving, but one tree isn't thriving, so I have to kind of


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[Assistant] I will plant another one. I will plant another one, or two.


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[Assistant] But when you describe a place as thriving, you could say, oh, there's, uhm, if you go to the city, it's a thriving city. Toronto is a thriving city.


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[Assistant] There are new people moving to Toronto all the time. There are people who immigrate to Canada and live in Toronto. It's a bustling, growing, thriving city. It's very healthy. It's everything's getting built nicely. It's definitely a thriving city. And then modern.


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[Assistant] I think this might be Shanghai. I'm not sure. I have, I should have made better notes about where the pictures were from. So correct me if I'm wrong, but there are some very modern cities in the world. Some countries are thriving.


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[Assistant] And they are developing large cities very quickly, very modern cities. That means that the city is less than 20 or 30 years old. Well, it's older than that, but it's expanded rapidly recently and it's very, very modern. It has modern roads, modern public transit like subways and


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[Assistant] Uh, good train service and just really cool new buildings in its downtown core. A very modern place to live.


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[Assistant] And then trendy. So when a place is trendy, it means it's hip or cool or uhm, a place where a lot of people want to go.


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[Assistant] I didn't purposely put Toronto here, but when I did a search for the top 10 trendiest cities in the world, Toronto, I think was number five on the one list. Uhm, so trendy is just


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[Assistant] It just means cool. If your clothes are, my clothes are not trendy. When your clothes are trendy.


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[Assistant] You know, cool restaurants, and if you wanted to see, uh, live bands, if you wanted to hear live music, there's cool places to go and to hear the most recent bands that are popular in the world. Uhm, so Toronto, according to the list I read,


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[Assistant] The fifth most trendiest city in the world, which I thought was pretty cool.


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[Assistant] Our friend created a website just out of the blue. He's like, hey, I created this for you and here you go. My name is David James. I was the web designer for A Hug from Taylor Swift. Once we had the website, it was like, it was legit. We took a step back and we were like, look, we have the Twitter, we have Facebook, we have the website. We are legit right now.


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[Assistant] That one we clink, that one we clink.


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[Assistant] Blow you desert sun, scour me.


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[Assistant] I'm the least free man on earth.


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[Assistant] The least free man on earth.


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[Assistant] My pride, when you were always at my side.


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[Assistant] At my side, at my side.


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[Assistant] Once more to have you on my side


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[Assistant] Can lead us to a sense of kind of righteous indignation and anger at the sight of injustice. Lots of these reasons, there's sort of moral indignation reasons, or teaching a lesson reasons, pride reasons.


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[Assistant] You do not wish


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[Assistant] You know what you need to do, Snoopy? You need to learn to obey commands.


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[Assistant] But that day in Portugal as I had breakfast with Michael, he actually said, you know, Vishen, the law of attraction is incomplete.


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[Assistant] And as I thought about what Beckwood said, it started to occur to me. I'd been teaching Silva for many years. And what made the three scenes technique truly work was not so much that you had your thoughts focused on what you want.


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[Assistant] So when you apply the three scenes technique, you're fundamentally changing your sense of identity. You're rewiring beliefs, you're removing bad habits, but you're doing it by reprogramming your mind, the way you reprogram a computer to change your identity of who you truly are.


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[Assistant] That is perhaps why this technique works. So remember.


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[Assistant] Don't think law of attraction, think law of resonance. Now there are implications here on how you use the technique. If you think law of attraction, you might assume that you want to use the three scenes technique for as long as possible, every single day, focused on a particular problem to project.


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[Assistant] But that's not actually the case. As you start learning how to use this technique to rapidly shift your identity, you often only need to do it once. Do it once.


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[Assistant] Rather measure your practice by how you feel when you step out of the three scenes technique.


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[Assistant] You do not want to use the Silva techniques only when you have a difficult problem.


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[Assistant] I like to apply the technique in the morning when I wake up. I sit in my space of meditation. I do the three to one countdown exercise. I go deep.


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[Assistant] And then what I do is I think about what I need to accomplish that day and I pick the biggest item. It may be a project. It may be solving an engineering problem. It may be a meeting I have to run or a speech I need to give or a chapter of my book I need to write. And I apply the three scenes technique to turn.


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[Assistant] Exaggerate the pain. Make it almost comical, funny, or weird.


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[Assistant] As you take this action, think of the problem as turning into a project.


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[Assistant] A project that you have the capabilities to resolve.


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[Assistant] If it's you taking some decisive action on your own, see yourself taking that action. What are you doing? How are you feeling?


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[Assistant] See other people and see how lit up they are.


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[Assistant] You know, the blissfully happy family moves into their perfect new home, excited about their perfect future, and it's sunny outside and the birds are chirping. And then it gets dark, and there are noises from the attic.


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[Assistant] And we realize that that perfect new house isn't so perfect.


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[Assistant] When I started working at Google in 2006, Facebook was just a two-year-old and Twitter hadn't yet been born.


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[Assistant] And I was in absolute awe of the internet and all of its promise to make us closer and smarter and more free.


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[Assistant] But as we were doing the inspiring work of building search engines and video sharing sites and social networks,


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[Assistant] Criminals, dictators and terrorists were figuring out how to use those same platforms against us. And we didn't have the foresight to stop them.


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[Assistant] And in response, Google supported a few colleagues of me to set up a new group called Jigsaw, with the mandate to make people safer.


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[Assistant] I was born in Iran and I left in the aftermath of a violent revolution.


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[Assistant] But I've come to realize that even if we had all of the resources of all of the technology companies in the world, we'd still fail if we overlooked one critical ingredient.


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[Assistant] The human experiences of the victims and perpetrators of those threats.


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[Assistant] There are many challenges I could talk to you about today. I'm going to focus on just two. The first is terrorism.


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[Assistant] I was looking at pictures of what life is like in Syria and I thought I was going to go and live in the Islamic Disney world. That's what she saw in ISIS. She thought she'd ...


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[Assistant] I've even seen an ISIS-produced video in sign language. Just think about that for a second. ISIS took the time and made the effort to ensure their message is reaching the deaf and hard of hearing.


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[Assistant] It's actually not tech-savviness that is the reason why ISIS wins hearts and minds. It's their insight into the prejudices, the vulnerabilities, the desires of the people they're trying to reach that does that.


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[Assistant] That's why it's not enough for the online platforms to focus on removing recruiting material.


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[Assistant] If we want to have a shot at building meaningful technology that's going to counter radicalization, we have to start with the human journey at its core. So we went to Iraq.


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[Assistant] To speak to young men who'd bought into ISIS's promise of heroism and, and righteousness, who'd taken up arms to fight for them and then who'd defected after they witnessed the brutality of ISIS's rule.


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[Assistant] And I'm sitting there in this makeshift prison in the north of Iraq with this 23-year-old who'd actually trained as a suicide bomber before defecting. And he says, I arrived in Syria full of hope.


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[Assistant] And immediately, I had two of my comprised possessions confiscated, my passport and my mobile phone.


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[Assistant] When Jerry wants to escape and then Tom locks the door and swallows the key and you see it bulging out of his throat as it travels down.


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[Assistant] And of course, I really could see the image that he was describing. And I really did connect with the feeling that he was trying to convey, which was one of doom, when you know there's no way out. And I was wondering, like, what, if anything, could have changed his mind the day that he left home? So I asked,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If you knew everything that you know now about the suffering, the corruption, the brutality, that day you left home, would you still have gone? And he said, yes. I thought, holy crap, he said yes. And then he said, at that point, I was so


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[Assistant] Brainwashed. I wasn't taking in any contradictory information. I couldn't have been swayed.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, what if you knew everything that you know now six months before the day that you left? At that point, I think it probably would have changed my mind.


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[Assistant] It's a process during which people have questions about


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[Assistant] Ideology, religion, living conditions. And they're coming online for answers, which is an opportunity to reach them.


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[Assistant] And there are videos online from people who have answers. Defectors, for example, telling the story of their journey into and out of violence. Stories like the one from that man I met in the Iraqi prison.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There are locals who uploaded cell phone footage of what life is really like in the caliphate under ISIS's rule. There are clerics who are sharing peaceful interpretations of Islam.


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[Assistant] And then they tragically don't reach the people who most need to hear from them. And we wanted to see if technology could change that.


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[Assistant] It uses the power of online advertising to bridge the gap between those susceptible to ISIS's messaging and those credible voices that are debunking that messaging.


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[Assistant] And it works like this. Someone looking for extremist material, say they search for, how do I join ISIS, will see an ad appear.


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[Assistant] That invites them to watch a YouTube video of a cleric, of a defector, someone who has an authentic answer.


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[Assistant] And that targeting is based not on a profile of who they are, but of determining something that's directly relevant to their query or question.


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[Assistant] These people are now watching videos that could prevent them from making devastating choices.


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[Assistant] And because violent extremism isn't confined to any one language, religion or ideology, the redirect method is now being deployed globally.


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[Assistant] To protect people being courted online by violent ideologues, whether they're Islamists, white supremacists or other violent extremists.


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[Assistant] With the goal of giving them the chance to hear from someone on the other side of that journey. Give them the chance to choose a different path.


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[Assistant] Often, the bad guys are good at exploiting the internet, not because they're some kind of technological geniuses, but because they understand what makes people tick. I want to give you a second example. Online harassment.


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[Assistant] Online harassers also work to figure out what will resonate with another human being. But not to recruit them, like ISIS does, but to cause them pain. Imagine this. You're a woman. You're married. You have a kid.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You post something on social media and in a reply, you're told that you'll be raped. That your son will be watching. Details of when and where. In fact, your home address is put online for everyone to see. That feels like a pretty real threat. Do you think you'd go home?


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[Assistant] Online abuse has become this perverse art of figuring out what makes people angry, what makes people afraid.


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[Assistant] When online harassment goes unchecked, free speech is stifled.


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[Assistant] And even the people hosting the conversation throw up their arms and call it quits, closing their comment sections and their forums altogether. That means we're actually losing spaces online to meet and exchange ideas.


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[Assistant] And where online spaces remain, we descend into echo chambers with people who think just like us.


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[Assistant] But that enables the spread of disinformation. That facilitates polarization.


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[Assistant] This was the question that motivated our partnership with Google's counterabuse team, Wikipedia and newspapers like the New York Times. We wanted to see if we could build machine learning models that could understand the emotional impact of language.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Could we predict which comments were likely to make someone else leave the online conversation? And that's no mean feat.


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[Assistant] That's no trivial accomplishment for AI to be able to do something like that. I mean, just consider these two examples of messages that could have been sent to me last week. Break a leg at TED, and I'll break your legs at TED.


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[Assistant] You are human, that's why that's obvious a difference to you, even though the words are pretty much the same. But for AI, it takes some training to teach the models to recognize that difference. The beauty of building AI that can tell the difference is that AI can then scale to the size of the online toxicity phenomenon. And that was our goal in building our technology called Perspective.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] With the help of machine learning, they have that number up to 30 percent. So they've tripled it, and we're still just getting started.


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[Assistant] But this is about way more than just making moderators more efficient. Right now I can ...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] See you and I can gauge how what I'm saying is landing with you. You don't have that opportunity online.


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[Assistant] Imagine if machine learning could give commenters, as they're typing, real-time feedback about how their words might land. Just like facial expressions do in a face-to-face conversation.


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[Assistant] That means that we can have dialogue between people with different politics, different world views, different values, and we can reinvigorate the spaces online that most of us have given up on.


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[Assistant] When people use technology to exploit and harm others, they're preying on our human fears and vulnerabilities. If we ever thought that we could build an internet insulated from the dark side of humanity, we were wrong.


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[Assistant] The challenges that we face. We have to throw our entire selves.


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[Assistant] And with their rifles, and they're going to blow apart anybody who rises up and would challenge the British, who would try to bring revolution to Britain.


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[Assistant] I love these next episodes because they feature the 13 hour meet and greet that I did back in 2010 in Nashville. It was so insane, so intense, so much fun.


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[Assistant] Every year that I've had an album out, I've participated in CMA Music Fest, uhm, back to when I was 16 years old.


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[Assistant] It's a great way to meet fans, but I had an idea for doing it a little differently this year. One of the things that I wanted to do this year to make this meet and greet different than any other was to sign for a ridiculous amount of time. Uhm, I wanted to be there, uh, showing the fans that I wasn't gonna stop signing.


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[Assistant] Uhm, and that this wasn't something that I just wanted to take up part of my day. This was an all day thing and I...


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[Assistant] Wanted to sign for 13 hours. 13 is my lucky number, so uhm.


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[Assistant] I took this idea to my management team and we started talking about it and discussing it and working out the details.


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[Assistant] We reserved the date for the Bridgestone Arena and started putting together the plans for this to be.


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[Assistant] This, this dream magical meet and greet that I, I thought up in my head.


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[Assistant] There were teams of people who were going around the bearers of the wristbands. And eventually the fans started figuring out who those people were, so they would.


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[Assistant] Boisterous people who, who make their presence known.


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[Assistant] People were chosen for different reasons. Whether it was this, you know, adorable little kid or, you know, these quiet girls over here who just look really sweet. You know, they could get into, or the crazy loud ones.


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[Assistant] It was different reasons, in different ways, but it was randomly selected, and uhm, I'm really happy about that.


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[Assistant] There are some really fun fan stories, uh, by some I mean hundreds of ones that stick out of my mind. One of my favorites from this year was this guy, Gavin, who came backstage to the tea party room at the DC show and he had me sign.


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[Assistant] Right under his, you know, his ribs and very prominent placement.


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[Assistant] And he came back to the 13 hour meet and greet with it tattooed on.


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[Assistant] But it's okay because his mom was there and she approved the whole thing. So.


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[Assistant] In the 13 hour meet and greet, there were a lot of tears from the fans and, uh, you get a lot of different reactions from people when they feel like your music


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[Assistant] Music is a very intimate connection between people. And uhm, I think that


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[Assistant] It's amazing when people cry. I think that is the nicest compliment in the world when someone is so moved by the idea of getting to say hi to you that they would get emotional. That's awesome.


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[Assistant] Don't miss part two of behind the scenes of my 13 hour meet and greet.


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[Assistant] So I had this idea that you could do something


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[Assistant] For your fans, put it together and you organized it and orchestrated it early enough in advance. You could put together something that was not only free, but there would be things to entertain the fans while they were waiting in line.


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[Assistant] And there would be some sort of musical performance that they could watch for free. There would be things they were given.


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[Assistant] There would be tours of different parts of that artist's career. Behind the scenes look into what their life was like or their tour. Uh, there would be musicians from the band walking around signing autographs. There would be tour bus tours.


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[Assistant] Tea party room. We would set that up in there. And I thought to myself, this... There's gotta be a way this can happen.


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[Assistant] We had lots of sponsors that were there that helped put this, uh, this event together.


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[Assistant] We had Sony, we had Verizon, CoverGirl, and American Greetings, and they were all there giving away products.


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[Assistant] CoverGirl was doing makeovers, and I remember the fans would come through and they'd be like,


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[Assistant] You know, looking really, really pretty, like with their makeup done and everything and they were, they felt really good about themselves and I...


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[Assistant] Love seeing that. It was really a fun part of the day for me.


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[Assistant] We had a lot of different exhibits for, for fans to go through and see. One of them was the wardrobe exhibit. We had the wardrobe cases with all the band uniforms and costumes. I had glass cases with some of my favorite award show gowns that I've worn.


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[Assistant] To various different award shows over the years. We also had the tour bus there. People could walk through the tour bus, take tours of it from my mom, who is just ready and willing to give tours of the tour bus.


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[Assistant] They'd never seen inside that bus before, you know, other than like, it had been in magazines and stuff. So that was really fun, uh, to know that the fans got an inside look at the bus.


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[Assistant] This room is a magical room that we set up, uh, inside every single venue that we played in on the Fearless Tour.


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[Assistant] After the show, I would always have this surprise meet and greet for people who had been randomly selected during that show.


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[Assistant] So my dad has always been very friendly and outgoing and willing to, uh, to


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[Assistant] Hang out with the fans and give them an inside look into my life at the 13 hour meet and greet. His job was to...


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[Assistant] Walk around, sort of roam around this entire arena carrying my sparkly guitar and


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[Assistant] Giving people a chance to hold it and take a picture with it.


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[Assistant] And he did that all day long. And it was just pretty adorable seeing him just kind of like roam around. He was so tired after the 13 hour meet and greet. He slept for like 8 days.


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[Assistant] One of the things I was really excited about was that my band willingly


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[Assistant] Came out and signed autographs and some of them even stayed the entire time. Grant I think stayed probably like 11 or 12 hours.


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[Assistant] The fact that they would put forth that much energy, effort, heart and soul into the fans and making them happy, uh, it made me love them even more. At about the half point of the day, we had, we had figured that people might be a little tired from waiting in line, so I wanted to give them, uhm, a pick-me-up.


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[Assistant] And that picked me up was a performance. A free acoustic performance of me and my band in the middle of the arena.


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[Assistant] And, uh, that's one of those performances I'm never gonna forget. It was...


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[Assistant] One of my favorite traditions uhm, that was created over that day was uhm, you know, every time a fan would come up and give me a bracelet, I would put the bracelet on. And it started


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[Assistant] Like, you know, one bracelet and then all of a sudden these bracelets had stacked up and they were, my entire forearm was covered in bracelets. On top of that, I had started to ask fans to


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[Assistant] Write the number of hours we were on. So as, as time would go by, you know, and somebody would say, okay, hour three is over, alright, time for hour four. I would have a fan, whoever was right there at that moment, take a Sharpie and write three.


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[Assistant] The only breaks that, the only break I took was to go grab my guitar so that I could do the performance. I didn't sit down, and I was wearing semi-painful heels. You know, the fans weren't sitting down, so, you know, why should I?


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[Assistant] The thing that kept my energy up throughout the entire day was the fans. Every single time I turned around there was some new, beautiful emotion being shown to me. And I...


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[Assistant] I appreciated it so much. I'm never gonna forget those stories and the expressions on people's faces.


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[Assistant] When we were in hour 12 and there were still so many people in line, I knew that it was going to take longer than 13 hours.


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[Assistant] At the end of the 13 hour meet and greet, it ended up being 14 and a half hours actually.


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[Assistant] And it was me and a bunch of really, really loyal fans who helped to run the websites and they all have


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[Assistant] Their own sites and they've just been really wonderful and I trust them a great deal. And we had an epic dance party at the end of the 14 and a half hour meet and greet.


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[Assistant] Uhm, I'm never gonna forget that because you'd think we'd just collapse and sit down, but we dance.


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[Assistant] When I actually left and I was sitting in the car on the way home, that's when I started to feel it. In my legs, in my calves, in my feet.


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[Assistant] That it was like, I think my adrenaline was rushing so much throughout the 14 and a half hour meet and greet, I didn't realize that it was, it was painful. That it's painful to stand up that long.


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[Assistant] Uhm, but you know, it was worth it. It was definitely worth it.


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[Assistant] Better than I could have even imagined. Uhm, we're never gonna forget that, the fans and I. It was something that bonded us and brought us together and


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[Assistant] Uhm, it was such a wonderful day and looking back on it and especially


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[Assistant] Hi, I'm Bob the Canadian and welcome to this English lesson about celebrities. This is something I don't actually know a lot about.


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[Assistant] Half a million subscribers now, but I don't feel that way. I'm just a guy who likes to make videos, uh, for you so that you can learn more English. Celebrities, uhm, so for some reason in this world we are fascinated with people who are famous, who are popular, who are rich.


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[Assistant] Uhm, so I thought I should do an English lesson about some of the words and phrases we use when we talk about celebrities. Uh, you can see right here I have a picture of Beyonce. I do have to say when I start this that...


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[Assistant] Most of the celebrities that I will talk about will either be American or well-known world celebrities.


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[Assistant] Uhm, I know your country will have its own celebrities. I will not be talking about the celebrities in countries like Chile, uh, or Ukraine because I'm not familiar with who your celebrities are. So, I apologize. This is going to be a very North American look at the world of celebrity.


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[Assistant] I think most of the celebrities I've chosen you will know. I did pick a few from other countries that I was aware of.


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[Assistant] Uhm, I'm not going to just talk about celebrities though. I'm going to talk about the words and phrases that we use, uh, when we talk about celebrity. Let me just adjust something here. Uhm, and let's get started with the lesson. Uhm, first of all, uhm,


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[Assistant] There's Kanye West. I'm not sure if you know who Kanye West is, but let's talk about the world, the word celebrity. When someone has, uhm, many, many articles in the newspaper, when someone is in the news a lot,


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[Assistant] When someone, uh, releases a lot of songs or stars in a lot of movies and when someone is, uh, just familiar to everyone, we call them a celebrity. Uhm, they live a celebrity lifestyle, but we would call them a celebrity. So Kanye West.


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[Assistant] Uhm, in most parts of the world, mostly just North America, if you say Kanye, you don't even need to say his last name. So you could say that his name has become a household name.


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[Assistant] This is a term we sometimes use in English to describe someone who is very, very famous. Uhm, this is BTS. If you're from South Korea, you will know who this is.


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[Assistant] If you're from some parts of, of the world other than North or South Korea, you will also know who BTS is. They are quite famous in the world. Um, but I wanted to talk about the world, the word.


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[Assistant] I'm having trouble speaking English this morning. Sorry about that. I will slow down and speak as clearly as possible. I wanted to talk about the word famous versus fame.


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[Assistant] So when you are famous, you have fame, okay? So a lot of people want fame in the world. They want to be famous. So notice a little difference there between how you use the two words. Uhm, when someone is very, very famous, then everyone knows who they are. They have a lot of fame.


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[Assistant] Uhm, you could also say that they are well known. This is Matt Damon. He's one of my favorite actors, movie actor.


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[Assistant] Uhm, when someone is famous, you could also describe them as being well known. So this is the well known actor, Matt Damon. You can see I used the term in a sentence there. Uhm, he is well known for many roles in many movies, including The Martian.


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[Assistant] Which is one of my favorite books and movies. Matt Damon doesn't star in the book though.


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[Assistant] Sorry, you can't star in a book. That was just a little joke to make myself laugh. And I also saw Ashraf Hussain say, Bob is our rock star in the chat. And that made me giggle as well. Thank you, uh, Ashraf for the compliment. That's very good.


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[Assistant] Uh, Lolly in the chat is saying Kanye West is going to be President of the United States. I don't know, let's ask Brent in the chat for his opinion on that. Uhm, but yeaah, I'm not sure what will happen in that country. I just live on top of it in Canada. Uhm,


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[Assistant] Of course, this family is, this is the Kardashians.


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[Assistant] And I wanted to go over the term rich and famous. So we sometimes refer to celebrities as the rich and famous. We use both words to describe them. This is a very common term. I think there was even a television show called Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous.


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[Assistant] Uhm, but if you are one of the rich and famous, it means two things. It means you have a lot of money and everyone


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[Assistant] Just a reminder again in the chat, uh, just have conversations with each other. It makes for a wonderful experience for you. I, of course, when there are almost 300 people watching, I don't have time to answer the chat. It's a challenge for me. Uhm, but please, if you have questions, use the form to ask them. Uhm, this is an older term, the jet set.


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[Assistant] Uhm, this isn't used as much in English anymore, but a long time ago, well, it's still used a little bit, but this refers to the people who their primary mode of travel is to fly in a private jet.


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[Assistant] So we would call them the jet set. I think this term was a little more popular in the 80s, maybe in the 90s. Uhm, but you still might hear it every once in a while, uhm, on television or in a movie, the jet set.


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[Assistant] Uhm, and then we just use the word popular. Like, oh, she's really popular right now. This is Oprah Winfrey. She is a very popular TV personality in the United States. Uhm, when we say someone is popular, it means a lot of people know who they are. We also use the term popular, uhm, when we talk about


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[Assistant] The public is all of us, okay? So you have famous people and then you have the public. Sometimes we say the general public. That just refers to all the people in the world. Uhm, but celebrities live in the public eye, okay? So we refer to the way they live as being in the public eye because it's very difficult


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[Assistant] Uhm, currently I know Prince Harry is, he moved to Canada and then he moved to Los Angeles.


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[Assistant] And he's very much living in the public eye right now. I think it's very challenging.


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[Assistant] Uhm, for rich people and although they have lots of money, it still can be challenging to live, uh, in the public eye.


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[Assistant] Uhm, and then we have the word renowned. So when someone is renowned, it means that they're known for something. This is Albert Einstein.


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[Assistant] He was involved in researching things like nuclear fusion. Vision? Fusion. Look it up. I'm not a scientist. Uhm, but he was renowned. Sometimes you'll hear about someone who is a renowned artist or a renowned author. It means that they've done a lot of work.


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[Assistant] In their life that has made them recognizable or somewhat popular so they are renowned.


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[Assistant] Uhm, let me go one more slide. Uhm, actually I'm gonna pause here and I'm gonna go to some questions. I think this is Shura Khan.


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[Assistant] Uhm, if you're from India, you will know better than me. Bollywood creates a lot of movies. I've watched a few. They are really, really good. So, there are a lot of different ways to become a celebrity. Uhm, you become good in, uh, one of the following jobs, I guess, or fields. You become a movie star, like Shurah Khan.


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[Assistant] Or actor. So you could say, oh, he's a famous movie star or he's a famous actor. Uhm, and then just so you know,


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[Assistant] We've started to use the word actor to refer to both male and female actors. We do use the word actress sometimes still, but generally, uhm,


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[Assistant] You can say things like, Charlize Theron is an actor. That's fine to say. Even though she's a woman, you can still say she's an actor. Uhm, and you can use actress, but I think we're trying to become more gender neutral in how we refer to people. So uhm, I am gonna pause for a sec and say welcome to the 400 people watching.


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[Assistant] Awesome that you're here. If you are new, you should click the subscribe button. That's always a good thing to do. And thumbs up are good too.


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[Assistant] This is, uh, a duo from France, actually. Their names are Big Flow and Ollie. So I don't know if Lolly Lolly is familiar with Big Flow and Ollie. Uhm, but you can become famous by being a pop star or a rock star or a pop singer or a musician.


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[Assistant] Or a rapper or a music artist. There are a lot of different terms, but just as you can become famous by being in movies, you can also become famous by creating music.


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[Assistant] Uhm, so uhm, I'm just waiting to see in the chat if, uh, Lolly recognizes Big Flow and Ollie. Uhm, I was gonna put a picture of Vienny, but, uh, I thought, I dunno, I like Vienny's music a lot, but...


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[Assistant] Maybe nobody would know who he was. Uhm, you might just be an influencer. So this is Selena Gomez. Selena Gomez obviously has a huge music career as well, but she's also one of the top influencers in the world. That means that on Instagram and maybe other social media platforms,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] She has many, many followers, okay? So she obviously became famous because she has excellent musical talent.


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[Assistant] But she also has an enormous following on social media. So we could refer to her as a musician or a singer, but we could also refer to her as an influencer, uh, because she has so many people who do follow her.


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[Assistant] So big shout out to France and their music.


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[Assistant] Is awesome. I listened to quite a bit of it. Uhm, I hope this, I hope this picture doesn't cause a fight in the chat. Uhm, but you also can become famous, maybe rich and famous, uhm, by playing a sport professionally. So you might be a professional athlete. Uhm, so I'm not sure if you know who these guys are.


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[Assistant] If you watch football or soccer in the world though, you will know who they are, uh, Ronaldo and Messi, and there's always a controversy, right?


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[Assistant] Who is the better player? But uhm, you can become rich and famous. You can become rich, you can become famous or bold by playing a professional sport. So uhm, the sports that pay the best


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Are probably, uh, football, soccer, um, and then a lot of the American sports pay really well. So if you can play in the national football league or if you can play in the national hockey league or if you can play in the NBA or if you can play in the, did I get them all?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Oh, Major League Baseball. So there are a number of ways depending on what country you are in and what sport is the most popular, uhm, but you can definitely become, uh, rich and famous by playing a sport.


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[Assistant] Uhm, you might become, uh, famous or rich and famous because you are a TV personality. Uh, this is Graham Norton from the UK. Uhm, a TV personality. By the way, this is a


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This is a pretty cool talk show if you are looking to improve your British English.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, or if you are practicing that type of English, this is a great show to watch. I sometimes watch it myself. Uhm, and it's a lot of fun. Uhm, but.


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[Assistant] You don't become rich and famous teaching English on YouTube, but it's a lot of fun. So uhm, I wanted to talk about, uh, the difference between comedian and comic because I think some people get confused with the two. So this is Chris Rock.


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[Assistant] So when you go to a club and someone stands up front with a microphone and tells jokes, we would call them a stand-up comic, okay?


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[Assistant] Some people will call them a stand up comedian, so you can use them interchangeably.


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[Assistant] Technically that person would be a stand-up comic or a comic. A comedian.


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[Assistant] Would be someone who acts in little sketches or plays, uhm, to make you laugh on a show more like Saturday Night Live. But I will tell you this, uhm, we use these words kind of interchangeably. So, uhm, another way to become rich and famous, uh, is of course to


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Be funny. Funny people generally get, uhm, lots of laughs and then they can usually become rich and famous if they can make people laugh regularly.


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[Assistant] Uhm, maybe you are a CEO, this is Elon Musk, the CEO of Tesla and a few other companies. Uhm, a CEO is the chief executive officer of a company. So, especially in, uhm, North America, and maybe in your countries as well.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People who rise to positions of power in different companies uhm, sometimes can become famous. Uh, Elon Musk is actually quite well known. He's quite famous. He's not an actor, he's not a rock star, he's not uhm, he's not a famous artist. He's famous because he's really good at inventing


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The late Steve Jobs, uhm, that's another example of someone who became very popular and very famous by starting a company. Bill Gates, who started the company Microsoft, uh, is another example of someone who became, uh, famous because of the things that they created and the things that they, uh, sold. Uh, hi.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You might become famous because you are a politician. So this is of course Donald Trump. Uh, he has become famous for a variety of reasons. One, he was already rich.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He became more famous because he was a TV personality.


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[Assistant] And then he has become even more well known and more famous because he is the current president of the United States. So, uh, he's used a number of different routes in order to become rich and famous. I think his wealth though came from his parents. I think his parents were actually rich.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, you might be famous because your royalty. So there are a number of countries in the world


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[Assistant] That still have a royal family. Uhm, one of those countries is Great Britain. Uhm, and so this is Queen Elizabeth. So you might be famous. You might be rich and famous because you were born into the royal family of a specific country.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, there are royal families in a number of countries in the world. Uhm, the one most familiar to me is the royal family that Queen Elizabeth is the head of.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But certainly royalty is a way to become rich and famous. It's probably the easiest way and the hardest way. Like if you're born into a royal family, it's really easy. If you're not in a royal family, it's not gonna happen for you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Carly Claus is a fashion model, so another way to gain fame, another way to be popular or to be well known, uh, is to become a fashion model. Uhm, fashion models usually, uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Show off new clothing lines, they show off the latest styles at fashion shows, they would walk the runway and they would show off what new designs fashion designers are creating. So uhm, there are fashion models from all over the world, uhm, and generally,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, they can become quite famous as a fashion model. Uhm, if you're famous, uh, let me make this bigger. Sometimes you have an entourage. There was actually, uh, an entire television show called Entourage. An entourage would be the people who hang out with you, uhm, because you are rich and famous. So they're kind of like friends.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But in a way, they're kind of like friends who only


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hang out with you because you're rich maybe? Anyways, you will have a group of people around you and you might call them an entourage.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So one thing that helps people stay rich once they are famous is they get endorsements or brand deals. One of the most famous ones in the United States is something called the Wheaties box.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now that kind of cuts it off a bit, but the Wheaties box, uhm, is a kind of breakfast cereal and they usually have a professional athlete on the Wheaties box and over the years it has been someone different. But basketball players usually try to get


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Brand deals, they try to become someone who gets an endorsement, uhm, they start to endorse different products. So basketball players often endorse different basketball shoes from Nike, uhm, and those kinds of things. So one thing, once you are rich and famous, one way to stay rich and famous is to get brand deals.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, usually when a famous person does something bad, they're usually worried they're gonna lose their endorsements. They're gonna lose their brand deals. Uhm, and that does happen sometimes. Uhm.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we have, good morning, I'm Edson, I'm Brazilian. Hi Edson, good to hear from you. Uh, and then Brent says, Alanis Morissette is also amazing. Yes, for sure. Uhm, so just a few things here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] On how rich and famous people are different than the rest of us. They tend to live in a mansion.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Not a house. So most of us, normal people in the world, live in a house or an apartment.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, rich people tend to live in mansions. So a mansion is a gigantic house. Uhm, and then sometimes they have, if they are American, they might have a house on the west coast and on the east coast because cities like New York and cities like Hollywood specialize in entertainment.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so sometimes they'll have a, uh, a house in both places. Um, and it might be a mansion in both places if they have lots of money. Uh, sometimes they live on a private island. I think Johnny Depp, the actor, has a private island. I'm not sure. Um, but, uh, yes, sometimes they live on a private island. Uh, let's see here. Um,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Sometimes they have a yacht instead of a boat. They might still have a small boat, but generally the richer you are, you tend to buy bigger and more luxurious things. So for instance,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They might have a luxury car or a fancy sports car or a high end sports car. They usually don't have a minivan. Although some do, you know, some celebrities, some rich and famous people are married with kids and they might have a minivan in order to drive around with their kids.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, let's see here. Uhm, or they might ride around in a limousine. So a limousine is, the short form would be a limo. So sometimes a rich or famous person might arrive somewhere in a limo. Uhm, so it's the short version of limousine. Uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I don't fly business class. I don't fly first class. I just fly as a normal person. I can't afford all of those expensive things but they might fly in a private jet. They might actually own a jet.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, Brent says the Washington football team had to change their name because they lost endorsements. So yes, currently in the United States.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A lot of professional sports teams are using native American names or terminology or their team name, and it's not considered cool anymore.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So some teams are losing endorsements. Companies are saying, we no longer want to endorse you because we don't agree with what you're doing. So Washington is one of the teams that is changing their name. Lolly says, Private Island, my dream.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, I just always wonder, if you live on a private island, is it hard to, let's go back, is it hard to get groceries? Like how, how do you get groceries? I guess you jump in your yacht or your private jet.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And then, uh, yeaah, certainly a palace is something more related to royalty. You know, if you're a king or queen or prince, you might live in a palace. Uhm, and a palace is definitely bigger than a mansion.