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[Assistant] Holistic interventions, and yes, medication when necessary.


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[Assistant] And we tailor the care of our asthmatics and our diabetics in a way that recognizes that they may need more aggressive treatment, given the changes to their hormonal and immune systems.


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[Assistant] So the other thing that happens when you understand this science is that you'll want to shout it from the rooftops, because this isn't just an issue for kids in Bayview.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I figured the minute that everybody else heard about this, it would be routine screening, multidisciplinary treatment teams, and it would be a race to the most effective clinical treatment protocols. Yeah, that did not happen.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And that was a huge learning for me. What I had thought of as simply best clinical practice, I now understand to be a movement.


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[Assistant] In the words of Dr. Robert Block, the former president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, adverse childhood experiences are the single greatest unaddressed public health threat facing our nation today. And for a lot of people,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's a terrifying prospect. The scope and scale of the problem seems so large that it feels overwhelming to think about how we might approach it. But for me, that's actually where the hope lies. Because when we have the right framework,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When we recognize this to be a public health crisis.


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[Assistant] Then we can begin to use the right toolkit to come up with solutions. From tobacco to lead poisoning to HIV AIDS, the United States actually has quite a strong track record with addressing public health problems.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But replicating those successes with ACEs and toxic stress is going to take determination and commitment.


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[Assistant] And when I look at what our nation's response has been so far, I wonder, why haven't we taken this more seriously?


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[Assistant] You know, at first, I thought that we marginalized the issue because it doesn't apply to us, right? That's an issue for those kids in those neighborhoods. Which is weird, because the data doesn't bear that out.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The original ACEs study was done in a population that was 70 percent Caucasian, 70 percent college-educated. But then, the more I talked to folks,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm beginning to think that maybe I had it completely backwards. If I were to ask how many people in this room


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Grew up with a family member who suffered from mental illness. I bet a few hands would go up.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And then if I were to ask how many folks had a parent who maybe drank too much, or who really believed that if you spare the rod, you spoil the child, I bet a few more hands would go up. Even in this room.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This is an issue that touches many of us, and I'm beginning to believe that we marginalize the issue because it does apply to us. Maybe it's easier to see in other zip codes because we don't want to look at it. We'd rather be sick. Fortunately,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Make that option less viable every day. The science is clear.


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[Assistant] Early adversity dramatically affects health across a lifetime.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Today, we are beginning to understand how to interrupt the progression from early adversity to disease and early death. And 30 years from now,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The child who has a high A score and whose behavioral symptoms go unrecognized, whose asthma management is not connected, and who goes on to develop high blood pressure and early heart disease or cancer,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We'll be just as anomalous as a six-month mortality from HIV AIDS. People will look at that situation and say, what the heck happened there? This is treatable. This is beatable.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The single most important thing that we need today is the courage to look this problem in the face and say, this is real and this is all of us. I believe that we are the movement. Thank you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hey listen, you wanna go to the sock hop with me this Friday? It'll be a blast!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Oh right, so when are you gonna ask me? I've had my eye on you for a while. Hey buddy, ease off my girl man, or do you want a knuckle sandwich?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hmm, I think this is some kind of puzzle. A coloring puzzle.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It must be me next. Blue! Hmm, maybe the next one. Blue!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we have red, orange, yellow, green and blue. What could come next?


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[Assistant] I can't believe this. Why are all these things happening to me? I can't take it anymore. Let me out of the car.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I can't believe this. Why are all these things happening to me? I can't take it anymore. Let me out of the car.


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[Assistant] You think you have us figured out? What gives you the right to come and judge us? Who are you to play God with our faith?


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[Assistant] You think you have us figured out? What gives you the right to come and judge us? Who are you to play God with our fate?


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[Assistant] There's been a lot of scaremongering caused by the rumor that mobile phones cause cancer.


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[Assistant] But because I don't have electricity coming out of me, we have to emulate what the beats was doing. So when, when you will see the beatboxer, you will see us over to the side. Then you will see a rapper. And when a rapper began to rap, we'll do a simple beat because back then the beats were simple.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You got folks that want to do all type of stuff with their needs now, and they want to humiliate their father, which is not right when you want to humiliate the person that take care of you, pay all your tuition.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, I'm taking it to heart. But now we do something different in our house. So we have these jam sessions. And our jam sessions consist of us jamming in church. You know why church gonna look at each other and laugh? And we'll text the beat to each other.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hey, I may have no money, but I still have my pride.


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[Assistant] Hey, I may have no money, but I still have my pride.


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[Assistant] Hey, I may have no money, but I still have my pride.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You shouldn't share too much private information on the social networks.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You shouldn't share too much private information on the social networks.


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[Assistant] You shouldn't share too much private information on the social networks.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The child had no overcoat on although it was very cold.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The child had no overcoat on although it was very cold.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The child had no overcoat on although it was very cold.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] According to my calculation, she should be in India by now.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] According to my calculation, she should be in India by now.


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[Assistant] According to my calculation, she should be in India by now.


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[Assistant] I don't care what color ink, just bring me a pen. I don't care what color ink, just bring me a pen.


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[Assistant] He does nothing but complain from morning till night. He does nothing but complain from morning till night.


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[Assistant] This book is for all students whose native language is not Japanese.


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[Assistant] This book is for all students whose native language is not Japanese.


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[Assistant] This book is for all students whose native language is not Japanese.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I do not like tea, so generally I drink coffee for breakfast.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I do not like tea, so generally I drink coffee for breakfast.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I do not like tea, so generally I drink coffee for breakfast.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Water is liquid. When it freezes, it becomes solid.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Water is liquid. When it freezes, it becomes solid.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Water is liquid. When it freezes, it becomes solid.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Apart from rainy days, I always ride my bike to work.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Apart from rainy days, I always ride my bike to work.


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[Assistant] Apart from rainy days, I always ride my bike to work.


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[Assistant] The average height of the girls in class is over 155 centimeters.


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[Assistant] The average height of the girls in class is over 155 centimeters.


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[Assistant] The average height of the girls in class is over 155 centimeters.


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[Assistant] This problem is too difficult for primary school children to solve.


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[Assistant] This problem is too difficult for primary school children to solve.


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[Assistant] This problem is too difficult for primary school children to solve.


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[Assistant] Plastics have taken the place of many conventional materials.


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[Assistant] Plastics have taken the place of many conventional materials.


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[Assistant] Plastics have taken the place of many conventional materials.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Islam first reached China about the middle of the 7th century.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Islam first reached China about the middle of the 7th century.


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[Assistant] Islam first reached China about the middle of the 7th century.


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[Assistant] Mary is not poor. On the contrary, she is quite rich.


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[Assistant] Mary is not poor. On the contrary, she is quite rich.


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[Assistant] Mary is not poor. On the contrary, she is quite rich.


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[Assistant] Nobody understood why the elephant suddenly turned on its owner.


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[Assistant] Nobody understood why the elephant suddenly turned on its owner.


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[Assistant] Nobody understood why the elephant suddenly turned on its owner.


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[Assistant] You had better take an umbrella with you today. You had better take an umbrella with you today.


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[Assistant] English is a universal language and is used all over the world.


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[Assistant] English is a universal language and is used all over the world.


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[Assistant] More money for education will spur our economic growth.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] More money for education will spur our economic growth.


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[Assistant] More money for education will spur our economic growth.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Scientists can easily compute the distance between planets.


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[Assistant] Scientists can easily compute the distance between planets.


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[Assistant] When she saw that they had no schools, she started one.


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[Assistant] When she saw that they had no schools, she started one.


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[Assistant] The date of the festival coincides with that of the exam.


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[Assistant] The date of the festival coincides with that of the exam.


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[Assistant] The date of the festival coincides with that of the exam.


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[Assistant] You speak so softly that I cannot quite hear what you say.


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[Assistant] Ebola spreads from person to person through bodily fluids.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Ebola spreads from person to person through bodily fluids.


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[Assistant] Ebola spreads from person to person through bodily fluids.


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[Assistant] I'm not a university student, but I'm brighter than them.


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[Assistant] I'm not a university student, but I'm brighter than them.


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[Assistant] I'm not a university student, but I'm brighter than them.


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[Assistant] Do I have to take off my shoes here? Do I have to take off my shoes here?


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[Assistant] A trip to America was equivalent to a two-year salary for her.


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[Assistant] A trip to America was equivalent to a two-year salary for her.


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[Assistant] A trip to America was equivalent to a two-year salary for her.


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[Assistant] Sir, that CD is available only by special order.


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[Assistant] Sir, that CD is available only by special order.


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[Assistant] Sir, that CD is available only by special order.


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[Assistant] This airplane is capable of carrying 40 passengers at a time.


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[Assistant] This airplane is capable of carrying 40 passengers at a time.


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[Assistant] This airplane is capable of carrying 40 passengers at a time.


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[Assistant] Gimme a chance to make you proud of me. Gimme a chance to make you proud of me.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You've worked hard for months, and have certainly earned a holiday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You've worked hard for months, and have certainly earned a holiday.


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[Assistant] You've worked hard for months, and have certainly earned a holiday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I go to the office by bicycle, except on rainy days.


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[Assistant] I go to the office by bicycle, except on rainy days.


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[Assistant] I go to the office by bicycle, except on rainy days.


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[Assistant] There must be a way to arrive at a diplomatic solution.


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[Assistant] There must be a way to arrive at a diplomatic solution.


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[Assistant] If he is innocent, it follows that his wife is guilty.


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[Assistant] If he is innocent, it follows that his wife is guilty.


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[Assistant] If he is innocent, it follows that his wife is guilty.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The old houses were torn down to make room for a supermarket.


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[Assistant] The old houses were torn down to make room for a supermarket.


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[Assistant] Do you check all the items on the shopping list? Do you check all the items on the shopping list?


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[Assistant] A bookstore in that location wouldn't make enough money to survive.


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[Assistant] A bookstore in that location wouldn't make enough money to survive.


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[Assistant] A bookstore in that location wouldn't make enough money to survive.


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[Assistant] I have two dogs, one is white and the other is black.


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[Assistant] I have two dogs, one is white and the other is black.


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[Assistant] I have two dogs, one is white and the other is black.


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[Assistant] He wishes he had gone to the theater last night. He wishes he had gone to the theater last night.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As more paper money came into use, the value fell.


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[Assistant] As more paper money came into use, the value fell.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As more paper money came into use, the value fell.


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[Assistant] Can you please tell me your name once more? Can you please tell me your name once more?


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[Assistant] There is nothing worse than doing something in a half-hearted manner.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There is nothing worse than doing something in a half-hearted manner.


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[Assistant] There is nothing worse than doing something in a half-hearted manner.


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[Assistant] He devoted the last ten years of his life to writing his autobiography.


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[Assistant] He devoted the last ten years of his life to writing his autobiography.


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[Assistant] He devoted the last ten years of his life to writing his autobiography.


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[Assistant] It's obviously going to be me. I'm next to Red Round the Wheel, and I have the best royal dance moves.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm assuming everyone here has watched a TED Talk online at one time or another, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, so what I'm gonna do is play this. This is the song from the TED Talks online.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Obviously, I've been watching a lot of TED Talks. When I was first asked to


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Speak it's head. I wasn't quite sure what my angle was at first. So yeah, I immediately started watching tons of Ted talks, which is pretty much absolutely the worst thing that you can do because you start to go into panic mode thinking. Well, I haven't mounted a successful expedition to the North Pole yet. Neither have I.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They seem like a nice person, you'd take a bike ride, maybe share an ice cream. You'd certainly learn a lot, you know. Uhm, and every now and then they'd charge you when they got frustrated that you couldn't really keep up with half of the technical things they're banging on about all the time. But then they remember that you're but a mere human of ordinary mortal intelligence that didn't finish university and they kind of forgive you and pet you like the dog that, you know. Uhm, oh man.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, back to the real world, uh, probably Sir Ken Robinson and I are not gonna end up being best of friends. He lives all the way in LA and I imagine is quite busy. But through the tools available to me, technology and the innate way that I approach making music, I can sort of bully our existences into a shared event, which is sort of what you saw.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In a nutshell, that's what I was trying to do with these things, but more importantly, that's what the past 30 years of music has been. That's the major thread. See, 30 years ago you had the first digital samplers, and they changed everything overnight. All of a sudden artists could sample from anything and everything that came before them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Because they were too lazy to write their own music. They weren't sampling these records to cash in on the familiarity of the original stuff. To be honest, it was all about sampling really obscure things, except for a few obvious exceptions like Vanilla Ice and Doon Doon Doon Do Do Doon Doon that we know about.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But the thing is, they were sampling those records because they heard something in that music that spoke to them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Not much unlike the way the Delta Blues struck a chord with the Stones and the Beatles and Clapton, and they felt the need to co-op that music for the tools of their day. You know, in music, we take something that we love and we build on it. I'd like to play a song for you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, that's Ladi Dadi and it's the fifth most sampled song of all time. It's been sampled 547 times. It was made in 1984 by these two legends of hip-hop, Slick Rick and Doug E. Fresh.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Predated the sampling error. There were no samples in this record, although I did look up on the internet last night, I mean, several months ago, that ladi-dadi means, uh, it's an old Cockney expression from the late 1800s in England, so maybe a remix with Miss Patmore from Downton Abbey coming soon, or that's for another day.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Long story short, we are booed off the stage, and if you ever have a chance to live your life escaping hearing the sound of an auditorium full of second and third graders booing, I would highly recommend it. It's not really fun.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Over the next ten years, Ladi Dadi continues to be sampled by countless records, ending up on massive hits like Here Comes the Hot Stepper and I Wanna Sex You Up, Snoop Doggy Dog covers the song on his debut album Doggy Style and calls it Lodi Dodi.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Copyright lawyers are having a field day at this point. And then you fast forward to 1997, and the notorious B.I.G., or Biggie, reinterprets ladi dadi.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] On his number one hit called Hypnotize, which I'll play a little bit of and I'll play you a little bit of the slick Rick to show you where they got it from.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's hard not to think that that song probably held some fond memories for him. But the way he interprets it, as you hear, is completely his own. He flips it, makes it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's nothing pastiche whatsoever about it. It's thoroughly modern biggie.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Elsewhere in the pop and rap world, we're going a little bit sample crazy. We're getting away from the obscure samples that we're doing and all of a sudden everyone's taking these massive 80s tunes like Bowie, Let's Dance and all these disco records and just rapping on them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] These records don't really age that well, you don't hear them now because they borrowed from an era that was too steeped in its own connotation, you know. You can't just


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It has to be, it leaves the listener feeling sickly. You have to take an element of those things and then bring something fresh and new to it. Which was something that I learned when I was working with the late amazing Amy Winehouse on her album Back to Black.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A lot of fuss was made about the sonic of the album that myself and Salaam Remy, the other producer, achieved, how we captured this long lost sound, but without the very very 21st century personality and firebrand that was Amy Winehouse and her lyrics about rehab and Roger Moore and even a mention of Slick Rick, the whole thing would have ran the risk of being...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Very pastiche to be honest, you know. Imagine any other singer from that era over it singing the same old lyrics.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It runs the risk of being completely bland. I mean, there was no doubt that Amy and I and Slum all had this love for this gospel soul and blues and jazz that was evident listening to the musical arrangements, so it was she brought the ingredients that made it urgent and of the time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So if we come all the way up to the present day now, uh, the cultural tour de force that is Miley Cyrus, she reinterprets Ladi Dadi completely for her generation. And we'll take a listen to, uh, the Slick Rick part and then see how she sort of flipped it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So uhm, Miley Cyrus, who wasn't even born yet when La Di Da Di was made, and neither were any of the co-writers on the song, uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Has found this song that somehow etched its way into the collective consciousness of pop music and now with its timeless playfulness of the original is kind of translated to a whole new generation who will probably co-opt it as their own. Since the dawn of the sampling era,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We live in the post-sampling era. We take the things that we love and we build on them. That's just how it goes. And when we really add something significant and original and we merge our musical journey with this, then we have a chance to be a part of the evolution of that music that we love and be linked with it once it becomes something new again. So, uh, I would like to, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, one of them is the, uh, piano player Derek Paravaccini, who happens to be a blind, autistic genius of the piano, and Emmanuel Jal, who's an ex-child soldier from the South Sudan, who's a spoken word poet and rapper. And once again, I found a way to annoyingly me-me-me myself into the musical history of these


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, but I can't help it because I have these things that I love and I want to mess around with them. So uhm, I hope you enjoy this. Here we go. Let's hear that Ted sound again, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The New Zealand Prime Minister John Key has said it's unlikely that many more survivors will be found in the city of Christchurch hit by an earthquake on Tuesday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Mr Key said he hadn't given up hope of finding people, but that the authorities had to be realistic. At least 70 people have been killed, but up to 300 others are missing. News item 34.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A mass polio vaccination campaign is being planned in Burma after a seven month old baby was found to have the virus. It's the first case there for three years.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Burma had been on the point of being declared free of polio, a highly contagious virus that can lead to paralysis and which is spread mainly through contaminated food and water.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Four years ago, the Burmese government immunised nearly seven million children.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Since a drive to eliminate polio began more than 20 years ago, the number of cases has dropped by 99% worldwide. A team from the World Health Organization is already in Burma to work out how to stop its spreading again there.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What's My Job? Written by Maribeth Bolts. Illustrated by Bert Dodson.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Women I know do many jobs.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A woman I know drives a truck.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A woman I know is a teacher.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A woman I know worked in a zoo.


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[Assistant] Now my job is to play.


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[Assistant] This girl likes crickets. Do you?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This boy likes water bugs. Do you?


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[Assistant] This boy likes spiders. Do you?


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[Assistant] Sort the foods from the book into different groups.


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[Assistant] Share your groups with a partner.


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[Assistant] Cool. Hiya, I'm Magenta.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, you're in luck! You see, if you sign up for our three-year plan, we'll throw in a handset for free! Really?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's no catch. You just choose a plan, sign a three year contract, and that's it. Actually, we're running a special promotion right now, and we're giving away a Blackberry Curve with our special mega value $40 plan.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's right! Plus the activation fee, and the emergency services fee, the monthly service fee, ehh. Oh, and any charges for extra minutes, and...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I see. Well, can I have a look at your phone?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Unfortunately, this phone can't be used in the US. It's not compatible with our 3G network.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, you're in luck. You see? If you sign up for our three-year plan, we'll throw in a handset for free.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's no catch. You just choose a plan, sign a three-year contract, and that's it. Actually, we're running a special promotion right now, and we're giving away a BlackBerry Curve with our special mega value $40 plan.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, you get 900 anytime minutes, and you can also enjoy free mobile-to-mobile calling to other Telmobile clients, 1,000 text messages per month, and unlimited evening and weekend minutes. Oh, and we also offer a rollover option.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's right. Plus the activation fee, the emergency services fee, the monthly service fee, oh, and any charges for extra minutes and-


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, you're in luck! You see, if you sign up for our three-year plan, we'll throw in a handset for free! Really?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's no catch. You just choose a plan, sign a three year contract, and that's it. Actually, we're running a special promotion right now, and we're giving away a Blackberry Curve with our special mega value $40 plan.


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[Assistant] That's right! Plus the activation fee and the emergency services fee, the monthly service fee, and, oh, and any charges for extra minutes and...


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[Assistant] Look, what a beautiful day here in Aspen, Colorado, where the sun is shining and we've got 12 inches of fresh powder. It doesn't get much better than this.


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[Assistant] Man, the concert last night was sick. I can't believe we got front row seats.


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[Assistant] Hey, that was quite the presentation. Honestly, I was completely blown away by your strategy outline. I've gotta say, Alex, you really wowed me today.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I saw that you took on board my feedback about pricing strategies. I really appreciate you taking the time to think through my suggestions.


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[Assistant] Hey, that was quite the presentation. Honestly, I was completely blown away by your strategy outline. I've gotta say, Alex, you really wowed me today.


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[Assistant] I think you deserve some recognition here. I mean, if I look back on your previous presentations, this is a huge improvement.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I saw that you took on board my feedback about pricing strategies. I really appreciate you taking the time to think through my suggestions.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, I just wanted to say, well done. Really, you did a great job.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hey, that was quite the presentation. Honestly, I was completely blown away by your strategy outline. I've gotta say, Alex, you really wowed me today.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I saw that you took on board my feedback about pricing strategies. I really appreciate you taking the time to think through my suggestions.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Oh, you don't want to go that way. That goes straight into a blackberry bush.


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[Assistant] No, if you want to go to the fish pond, you need to go up that path.


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[Assistant] The president of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, says his government will set up a 1.2 billion dollar fund to create jobs in a country where more than one in five people are unemployed.


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[Assistant] In his annual State of the Nation address, Mr. Zuma said he was concerned that unemployment and poverty persisted despite ten years of economic growth.


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[Assistant] In a joint statement, the nuclear armed neighbors said they'd agreed to resume dialogue on all issues, including the disputed region of Kashmir. They said Pakistan's foreign minister would visit India by July to review progress.


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[Assistant] A BBC correspondent in Delhi says mistrust between India and Pakistan remains huge.


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[Assistant] The president of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, says his government will set up a 1.2 billion dollar fund to create jobs in a country where more than one in five people are unemployed.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In his annual State of the Nation address, Mr. Zuma said he was concerned that unemployment and poverty persisted despite 10 years of economic growth. News item 50.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In a joint statement, the nuclear armed neighbors said they'd agreed to resume dialogue on all issues, including the disputed region of Kashmir.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They said Pakistan's foreign minister would visit India by July to review progress. A BBC correspondent in Delhi says mistrust between India and Pakistan remains huge.


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[Assistant] The new Egyptian cabinet has announced a 15% pay rise for government workers at its first full meeting since protests erupted two weeks ago.


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[Assistant] But the protesters who've occupied Tahrir square, so they won't disband until president Hosni Mubarak leaves office and Shadi El Ghazali Harb, a member of the youth coalition says their demands still haven't been met. News item 54.


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[Assistant] Thousands of supporters of Laurent Bagbo, who refuses to step down as president of the Ivory Coast, have staged a rally in the main city, Abidjan.


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[Assistant] They are protesting against the leader of Burkina Faso, Blaise Compeore, who's trying to mediate in the crisis. Mr. Bagbo's opponent, Alassane Owatara, is internationally recognized as the winner of November's election.


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[Assistant] The beautiful scenery can often take miraculous forms.


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[Assistant] Anjiayi town has become famous the world over due to one canyon in particular.


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[Assistant] The river which originates in the Tian Shan Mountains rushes down the steep slopes, carving its way through escarpments formed over millennia.


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[Assistant] The canyon is about 30 kilometers in length, with the valley floor being 3 to 400 meters at its widest.


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[Assistant] While the narrowest part is only 2 or 3 meters.


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[Assistant] From above, Anjahai Grand Canyon is rich in colors.


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[Assistant] Red sandstone and grey mudstone alternate to create an astonishing landscape.


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[Assistant] The colours are formed as the river erodes and dissolves the sandstone and mudstone, drawing abstract pictures on the land.


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[Assistant] Because it is so hidden, and the land on either side of the canyon are the same height, people sometimes come across it without warning.


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[Assistant] If they don't stop in time, then they could easily plunge off the cliff.


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[Assistant] Well obviously it's always difficult to tell somebody bad news, but in your second language it's even harder. So we're going to try and help you today with some great phrases and vocabulary items.


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[Assistant] But why don't we take a look at some of the language now in Language Takeaway.


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[Assistant] Yep. So gory details, uh, mean all the little, um, details of a, of a negative or shocking or bad situation.


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[Assistant] Okay, so redundancies again, it's based on the word to be redundant.


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[Assistant] It's, well, laying people off. People that you don't need anymore. They are redundancies.


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[Assistant] Alright, so moving on, they were talking about redundancies and maybe they should or shouldn't lay some people off, but one of the problems were the regulations governing compensation packages.


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[Assistant] Alright, so I think it would help us to understand this a little better if we listen to some examples of this pattern, noun governing noun. Example one.


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[Assistant] Yep. Uhm, so you might also hear shoulder the burden.


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[Assistant] Yeah, so it just means to carry the responsibility.


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[Assistant] So the, you know, the boss is getting ready to prepare for this bad news and he says, lay it on me.


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[Assistant] So we use this phrase, we want to say something maybe a little bit more indirectly.


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[Assistant] Let's just say that Michael isn't doing a great job.


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[Assistant] Right, so I guess here it's kind of a metaphor again. You know, it's this phrase to file for chapter 11 or chapter 13 meaning bankruptcy. Right. And people will say personally that they're filing for chapter 11.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hmm, but what about, uh, what about in your country's listeners? What happens when you go into debt in your country?


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[Assistant] Thanks for downloading you guys, and until next time, goodbye!


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[Assistant] In the early days of Twitter, it was like a place of radical de-shaming. People would admit shameful secrets about themselves, and other people would say, oh my god, I'm exactly the same.


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[Assistant] Voiceless people realized that they had a voice, and it was powerful and eloquent. If a newspaper


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[Assistant] Run some racist or homophobic column. We realized we could do something about it. We could get them. We could hit them with a weapon that we understood, but they didn't. The social media, shaming. Advertisers would withdraw their advertising.


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[Assistant] When powerful people misuse their privilege, we were going to get them.


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[Assistant] This is like the democratization of justice. Hierarchies were being leveled out. We were going to do things better.


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[Assistant] Soon after that, a disgraced pop science writer called Joan Alera, he'd been caught plagiarizing and faking quotes, and he was drenched in shame and regret, he told me. And he had the opportunity to publicly apologize at a foundation lunch.


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[Assistant] This is going to be the most important speech of his life. Maybe it would win him some salvation.


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[Assistant] He knew before he arrived that the Foundation was going to be live-streaming his event. But what he didn't know until he turned up was that they directed a giant screen Twitter feed right next to his head.


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[Assistant] Another one in a monitor screen in his eyeline. You know, I don't think the Foundation did this because they were monstrous. I think they were clueless. I think this was a unique moment when the beautiful naivety of Twitter was hitting the increasingly horrific reality.


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[Assistant] And here were some of the tweets that were cascading into his eyeline as he was trying to apologize.


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[Assistant] Jonah Lara, boring us into forgiving him.


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[Assistant] That one must have been written by the best psychiatrist ever to know that about such a tiny figure behind a lectern. And Jonah Lehrer is just a frigging sociopath.


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[Assistant] That last word is a very human thing to do, to dehumanize the people we hurt. It's because we want to destroy people, but not feel bad about it.


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[Assistant] Imagine if this was an actual court, and the accused was in the dock, begging for another chance, and the jury was yelling out, Bored! Sociopath!


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[Assistant] You know, when we watch courtroom dramas, we tend to identify with the kind-hearted defense attorney, but give us the power, and we become like hanging judges.


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[Assistant] And it began to feel weird and empty when there wasn't a powerful person who had misused their privilege that we could get. A day without ashaming began to feel like a day picking fingernails and treading water. Let me tell you a story. It's about a woman called Justine Sacco.


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[Assistant] She was a PR woman from New York with 170 Twitter followers, and she'd tweet little, acerbic jokes to them, like this one on a plane from New York to London.


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[Assistant] So Justine chuckled to herself, and pressed send, and got no replies, and felt that sad feeling that we all feel when the internet doesn't congratulate us for being funny. Black silence when the internet doesn't talk back. And then she got to Heathrow.


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[Assistant] And she had a little time to spare before her final lag, so she thought up another funny little acerbic joke.


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[Assistant] And she chuckled to herself, dress send, got on the plane, got no replies, turned off her phone, fell asleep, woke up 11 hours later.


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[Assistant] Turned on her phone while the plane was taxiing on the runway, and straight away there was a message from somebody that she hadn't spoken to since high school that said, I am so sorry to see what's happening to you.


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[Assistant] And then another message from a best friend. You need to call me right now. You are the worldwide number one trending topic on Twitter.


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[Assistant] What had happened was that one of her 170 followers had sent the tweet to a Gawker journalist, and he retweeted it to his 15,000 followers.


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[Assistant] A few weeks later, I talked to the Goka journalist. I emailed him and asked him how it felt, and he said it felt delicious. And then he said, but I'm sure she's fine.


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[Assistant] But she wasn't fine, because while she slept, Twitter took control of her life and dismantled it piece by piece. First, there were the philanthropists.


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[Assistant] A few of you, did Justine's joke overwhelm your Twitter feed the way it did mine? It did mine, and I thought what everybody thought that night, which was, uh, wow, somebody's screwed. Somebody's life is about to get terrible. And I sat up in my bed, and I put the pillow behind my head, and then I thought,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm not entirely sure that joke was intended to be racist. Maybe instead of gleefully flaunting her privilege, she was mocking the gleeful flaunting of privilege. There's a comedy tradition of this, like South Park or Colbert or Randy Newman. Maybe Justine Sacco's crime was not being as good at it as Randy Newman.


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[Assistant] In fact, when I met Justine a couple of weeks later in a bar, she was just crushed. And I asked her to explain the joke, and she said, living in America puts us in a bit of a bubble when it comes to what is going on in the Third World. I was making fun of that bubble.


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[Assistant] You know, another woman on Twitter that night, a New Statesman writer, Helen Lewis, she reviewed my book on public shaming and wrote that she tweeted that night, I'm not sure that ...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Her joke was intended to be racist, and she said straight away she got a fury of tweets saying, well, you're just a privileged bitch too. And so to her shame, she wrote, she shut up and watched as Justine's life got torn apart.


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[Assistant] Thousands of people around the world decided it was their duty to get her fired.


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[Assistant] Corporations got involved, hoping to sell their products on the back of Justine's annihilation.


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[Assistant] A lot of companies were making good money that night. You know, Justine's name was normally Googled 40 times a month. That month, between December the 20th and the end of December, her name was Googled 1,220,000 times.


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[Assistant] And one internet economist told me that that meant that Google made somewhere between $120,000 and $468,000 from Justine's annihilation. Whereas those of us doing the actual shaming, we got nothing.


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[Assistant] Somebody else at night wrote, somebody HIV positive should rape this bitch, and then we'll find out if her skin color protects her from AIDS.


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[Assistant] And that person got a free pass. Nobody went after that person. We were also excited about destroying Justine. And our shaming brains are so simple-minded that we couldn't also handle destroying somebody who was inappropriately destroying Justine.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Justine was really uniting a lot of disparate groups that night from philanthropists to rape the bitch.


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[Assistant] Women always have it worse than men. When a man gets shamed, it's, I'm going to get you fired. When a woman gets shamed, it's, I'm going to get you fired and raped and cut out your uterus. And then Justine's employers got involved.


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[Assistant] What we had was a delightful narrative arc. We knew something that Justine didn't.


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[Assistant] Can you think of anything less judicial than this? Justine was asleep on a plane and unable to explain herself, and her inability was a huge part of the hilarity.


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[Assistant] On Twitter that night, we were like toddlers crawling towards a gun.


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[Assistant] The hashtag began trending worldwide. Has Justine landed yet?


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[Assistant] And if you want to know what it looks like to discover that you've just been torn to shreds because of a misconstrued liberal joke, not by trolls, but by nice people like us, this is what it looks like.


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[Assistant] I think some people were genuinely upset. But I think for other people, it's because Twitter is basically a mutual approval machine. We surround ourselves with people who feel the same way we do, and we approve each other. And that's a really good feeling. And if somebody gets in the way, we scream them out. And do you know what that's the opposite of? It's the opposite of democracy.


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[Assistant] We wanted to show that we cared about people dying of AIDS in Africa. Our desire to be seen to be compassionate is what led us to commit this profoundly uncompassionate act.


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[Assistant] As Megan O'Geeblen wrote in the Boston Review, this isn't social justice. It's a cathartic alternative.


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[Assistant] For the past three years, I've been going around the world meeting people like Justine Sacco, and believe me, there's a lot of people like Justine Sacco. There's more every day.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And we want to think they're fine, but they're not fine. The people I met were mangled. They talked to me about depression and anxiety and insomnia and suicidal thoughts. One woman I talked to who also told a joke that landed badly, she stayed home for a year and a half.


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[Assistant] Before that, she was a, she worked with adults with learning difficulties and was apparently really good at her job.


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[Assistant] Justine was fired, of course, because social media demanded it.


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[Assistant] But it was worse than that. She was losing herself.


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[Assistant] She was waking up in the middle of the night, forgetting who she was.


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[Assistant] She was got because she was perceived to have misused her privilege. And of course, that's a much better thing to get people for than the things we used to get people for, like having children out of wedlock.


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[Assistant] But the phrase misuse of privilege is becoming a free path to tear apart pretty much anybody we choose to. It's becoming a devalued term, and it's making us lose our capacity for empathy and for distinguishing between serious and unserious transgressions.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Justine had 170 Twitter followers, and so to make it work, she had to be fictionalized. Word got around that she was the daughter of the mining billionaire Desmond Sacco.


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[Assistant] I thought that was true about Justine until I met her at the bar and I asked her about her billionaire father. And she said, my father sells carpets.


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[Assistant] And I think back on the early days of Twitter, when people would admit shameful secrets about themselves and other people would say, oh my god, I'm exactly the same.


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[Assistant] These days, the hunt is on for people's shameful secrets. You can lead a good, ethical life, but some bad phraseology and a tweet can overwhelm it all, become a clue to your secret inner evil.


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[Assistant] Maybe there's two types of people in the world. Those people who favor humans over ideology, and those people who favor ideology over humans.


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[Assistant] I favor humans over ideology, but right now, the ideologues are winning.


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[Assistant] And they're creating a stage for constant, artificial high dramas, where everybody's either a magnificent hero or a sickening villain, even though we know that's not true about our fellow humans. What's true is that we are clever and stupid.


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[Assistant] What's true is that we're gray areas. The great thing about social media was how it gave a voice to voiceless people. But we're now creating a surveillance society where the smartest way to survive is to go back to being voiceless. Let's not do that. Thank you.


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[Assistant] You know, I think the very best thing we can do if you see a kind of, you know, an unfair or an ambiguous shaming is to speak up. Because I think the worst thing that happened to Justine was that nobody supported her, like everyone was against her. That is profoundly traumatizing. You know, to be told by tens of thousands of people that you need to get out.


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[Assistant] But if a shaming happens and there's like a babble of voices, like in a democracy, when people are discussing it, I think that's much less damaging. So, you know, I think that's the way forward. But it's hard, because if you do stand up for somebody, you know, it's incredibly unpleasant.


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[Assistant] We are the powerful people abusing our power now. I get people saying, well, you must be a racist too.


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[Assistant] That maybe the internet is like a John Carpenter movie from the 1980s, when eventually, you know, everybody will start screaming at each other and shooting at each other, and eventually everybody would flee to somewhere safer. And I'm starting to think of that as a really nice option. John, thank you.


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[Assistant] Scott just called and said that he's running late. His last meeting ran over, but he's on his way now.


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[Assistant] I was tied up on the phone all afternoon and didn't get any work done.


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[Assistant] Jane is running late. She'll be here in 10 minutes. Example 2.


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[Assistant] Joe called and said she'd be here in a sec. She said she got tied up with a client.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] His last meeting ran over, but he's on his way now.


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[Assistant] Scott just called and said that he's running late. His last meeting ran over, but he's on his way now.


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[Assistant] The close relatives of two opposition leaders detained in Belarus have written to European Union foreign ministers asking them to impose the strictest possible sanctions on the Belarusian government.


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[Assistant] One of the opposition figures, Vladimir Neklyaev, was freed on Saturday, but his daughter dismissed this as a ploy. The EU has condemned what it regards as the flawed re-election of President Alexander Lukashenko and his subsequent crackdown on the opposition.


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[Assistant] EU foreign ministers will discuss on Monday what measures to take in response.


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[Assistant] Reports from Iran said that Sara Barami had been convicted of drug smuggling. Her family says she was in fact detained for taking part in anti-government protests last year. The Dutch foreign minister, Uri Roosenthal, declared himself shocked by the hanging.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The close relatives of two opposition leaders detained in Belarus have written to European Union foreign ministers asking them to impose the strictest possible sanctions on the Belarusian government.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] One of the opposition figures, Vladimir Neklyaev, was freed on Saturday, but his daughter dismissed this as a ploy. The EU has condemned what it regards as the flawed re-election of President Alexander Lukashenko and his subsequent crackdown on the opposition.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] EU foreign ministers will discuss on Monday what measures to take in response.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Reports from Iran said that Sara Barami had been convicted of drug smuggling. Her family says she was in fact detained for taking part in anti-government protests last year. The Dutch foreign minister, Uri Roosenthal, declared himself shocked by the hanging.


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[Assistant] My name is Catherine, so Marco, what are we talking about today?


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[Assistant] Well before we get going, we do have a really important phrase that we should preview in today's vocabulary preview.


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[Assistant] It's a box of cigarettes. You buy them in a pack. You don't just buy one at a time. So again, the phrase is pack of smokes.


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[Assistant] Well, some people really are health conscious and are afraid of the negative side of smoking, which has a lot of health side effects.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, this first word is a word that's very important for any smoker who goes to a bar or restaurant and needs to put the ash somewhere, right? So when you smoke, there's some ash, there's some messy, dirty stuff, and you need an ash tray to collect it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So an ashtray is something that's usually round or square and you put it on a table and it's just very helpful to keep the house clean or restaurant clean. So if you're in a restaurant you say, hey, can I have an ashtray please?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right, and this is a tray, but the complaint here is, ugh, it smells like an ashtray in here. That means it smells really, really bad in here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so let's take an example. I smoke ten cigarettes a day, but I want to cut down. How many should I smoke later? Maybe...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Zero cigarettes, no smoking anymore. Right. Alright, so you can also cut down on carbs, like carbohydrates. So some people who cut down on carbs eat less bread, they don't eat any pasta. So these are really good ways of trying to talk about dieting as well as smoking.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And when you want to smoke a cigarette, you have to do something first with some fires. We call this lighting up.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So lighting up, it doesn't mean turning on the light. It actually means using a lighter or some fire to start your cigarette.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The man says, the husband says, it's not like you can just light up like before. That means it's not like you can just smoke like before. So in some cases, light up means to smoke a cigarette. We're in a movie theater and someone lights a cigarette and I say, oh, you can't light up in here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You're saying that you can make a decision and you can follow your decision, so.


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[Assistant] I decide not to eat cake. I have very strong willpower, so I never eat cake.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Ooh, urge is another good one. It's very similar to willpower, but an urge is kind of like a physical feeling that makes you want to do something.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So I have the urge to go swimming today. I don't know why, but I really want to.


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[Assistant] And we are back, so we have a great part of our show where we like to talk about some phrases that help you attain fluency. That means sounding like a native speaker of English. And today's phrases are wonderful.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now this is a very strange phrase, okay, so, first of all, why would a turkey be cold? They have lots of feathers. And second of all, why would, what does it have to do with cigarettes?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So just take this as a phrase. Don't think about the actual words because they won't make sense in this context. What we're talking about is quitting smoking entirely. You're not going to cut down.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Today I'm not gonna smoke at all and I'm never gonna smoke again. That means never ever will I smoke another cigarette. So it's cold turkey.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Some people like to smoke less, like one cigarette a day or one cigarette a week, but going cold turkey is supposed to be the hardest.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, this is actually a very interesting point because in America right now it's very hard to smoke in public places. So this means that the government


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, exactly. So this is an important one because you read this in the newspapers as well about certain laws and police action.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right, well I was, I'm trying to cut down, so as a habitual smoker, I often smoked every day. Sometimes I smoked a lot, and sometimes I smoked less, but right now I'm in a period where I'm mostly quit. Okay.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, well I haven't smoked in a while and when I do it's just one cigarette.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, we also have lots of great stuff, tools for you on our website and expansion sentences and all that stuff that helps you continue your studies outside of, well, the car or your house. Uhm, so check it out, let us know what you think and until next time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's right. Uh, we're talking about registering for university.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Alright, well I think it's time we get started by listening to the dialogue and we're going to listen to a young female student as she tries to choose her classes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so the first thing, I think we need to deal with this word to register.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So when you register for something, you put your name down on a list, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Register for a class, uhm, you can even register to vote.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The major is the major area that you study, the most important area that you study.


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[Assistant] So let's give an example. Imagine you must take 100 classes to graduate from university.


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[Assistant] Uhm, well I think it depends on the university, but in my case, yes.


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[Assistant] So that's not a hundred courses because each course might be worth four or six or eight credits depending on how important it is.


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[Assistant] That's right, so university tuition, private school tuition, or even language course tuition.


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[Assistant] And we're gonna look at some phrases here that we can use to talk about education and university, and we can use them in different ways.


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[Assistant] Okay, so I can see that to sign up for something is to agree to take part in it.


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[Assistant] Yeah, people often make mistakes with this phrase.


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[Assistant] No, it's always first year, second year, third year, fourth year.


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[Assistant] Now a schedule is the list of things you do at what time.


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[Assistant] So what other types of schedules can we have?


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[Assistant] Okay, cause they're almost the, the, let's like junior manager.


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[Assistant] Okay, say bye to Nana. Time to go beddy bye.


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[Assistant] Psych! You totally fell for it! You're a real scumbag, Charlie. When I do the nasty with the prom queen, we'll see who has the last laugh. Dude, don't have a cow!


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[Assistant] You are a real scumbag, Charlie. When I do the nasty with the prom queen, we'll see who has the last laugh. Dude! Don't have a cow!


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[Assistant] Psych! You totally fell for it! You're a real scumbag, Charlie. When I do the master with the prom queen, we'll see who has the last laugh. Dude, don't have a cow!


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[Assistant] Hello English learners, welcome back to another advanced lesson with us here at EnglishPod. My name is Marco. And my name's Erica. So today we're bringing you another advanced lesson and this time it's kind of historical.


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[Assistant] Now, actually this dialogue is very much based on President Eisenhower's farewell speech.


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[Assistant] Just a little bit to make it a little bit more understandable, but it's basically what he said to the nation back in 1969.


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[Assistant] It is very hard because the structures are a little bit complicated and even to a certain point, a little bit poetic, right?


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[Assistant] Well, we're gonna learn some structures and some words that you can use maybe on a resignation letter or maybe in a celebration you want to thank Pete for coming.


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[Assistant] Exactly. Now this presidential farewell speech is divided into two parts. So today we're gonna do part one and then next time we'll finish the speech with part two. So let's listen to President Eisenhower as he says goodbye to the nation and we'll come back just in a little bit.


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[Assistant] A good speaker, and well, he said a lot of really nice things when he was saying goodbye.


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[Assistant] Really inspiring, and as we said, there were a couple of different and difficult words and phrases, so why don't we start right now with Language Takeaway.


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[Assistant] Basically, we understand the verb to lay down, right?


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[Assistant] Right. Now he's using it with responsibilities, which is a little bit strange, but it's kind of like a metaphor by saying lay down arms to lay down your weapons.


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[Assistant] Right, so it's not that he's quitting, it's not that he's being fired, he's just like finishing what he started.


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[Assistant] Right, so I would say, uh, a month from now, I will lay down my responsibilities as manager.


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[Assistant] Now, solemn, what does, what does that mean? What is a solemn ceremony?


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[Assistant] Okay, so it's a serious matter, and it's very respectful, right?


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[Assistant] Okay, and the authority of the presidency is vested in my successor.


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[Assistant] Very good. So this word basically means power that I have by law.


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[Assistant] This is a very common word you will hear in a wedding when the priest or the person that's leading the wedding will say, by the power vested in me by the state of California.


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[Assistant] I now pronounce you as Benoit. So you're saying the power that I have given to me by the state of California, I can now make you be married.


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[Assistant] And he also wished the new president and everyone with him, he said, Godspeed.


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[Assistant] Godspeed. Very good. And now let's take a look at our last set of words. When he was talking about Congress, he said that his relation with Congress began on a remote and tenuous basis.


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[Assistant] Now, remote we understand as being far away or distant.


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[Assistant] But tenuous is kind of unimportant or not really relevant.


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[Assistant] Alright on Fluency Builder today we have three phrases and well starting with the first one I think it's one of the most interesting ones.


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[Assistant] He said, three days from now, after half a century of service of our country, I shall lay down the responsibilities of office.


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[Assistant] If you take a look at the structure, he's saying three days from now, which is future, future. And then he makes a reference to the past after a half century of service.


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[Assistant] And then, again, future, I shall lay down the responsibilities.


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[Assistant] Very good, so you're making reference to the future and then a past event or something that's been going on for a while.


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[Assistant] So for example, in a resignation letter, I can say, uh,


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[Assistant] I can say one month from now, after 30 years of hard work and dedication to this company, I shall lay down my responsibilities as product manager.


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[Assistant] So we can use it, and it sounds good, it sounds very professional, and...


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[Assistant] This evening, I come to you with a message of leave-taking and farewell.


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[Assistant] So it's a very nice way of saying, I'm talking to you today because I am saying goodbye.


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[Assistant] So again, let's suppose we're at a wedding, if I'm offering a toaster, I'm the best man, I could say, this evening I come to you with a message of love and trust and respect.


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[Assistant] Very good. And now the part when he says leave taking and farewell, it's basically saying taking leave or taking like a vacation, right?


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[Assistant] And farewell. Goodbye. Goodbye. And what about our last phrase?


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[Assistant] Okay, great. Now let's take a look at the first part. Uh, basically he's saying, uh, the people expects the president and the congress to give them answers, right?


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[Assistant] Alright, so as you can hear from the examples, we have the main idea and then he passes on but then kind of refers back to it again.


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[Assistant] Alright, we're back and here with us in the studio we have Pete, the actor in the dialogue of President Eisenhower's presidential farewell speech.


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[Assistant] So uhm, Pete is gonna give us a little bit of insight about President Eisenhower. Alright, so what can you tell us about President Eisenhower?


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[Assistant] Oh, he's kind of like the brains behind the operation.


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[Assistant] Yeah, and a very historical lesson. It's just a little bit of a culture and maybe some insight on American history. It's not like we're politically active or anything, but uhm, but yeah, it was some interesting information there and also, well, he was considered to be a pretty good president.


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[Assistant] Alright guys, so if you have any other questions or comments, you can come to the website at EnglishPod.com and you can leave them there for Erica or I.


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[Assistant] Some people think that there's a TED Talk formula. Give a talk on a round red rug. Share a childhood story. Divulge a personal secret. End with an inspiring quarter action. No.


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[Assistant] That's not how to think of a TED Talk. In fact, if you overuse those devices, you're just going to come across as cliched or emotionally manipulative.


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[Assistant] There is one thing that all great TED Talks have in common, and I would like to share that thing with you.


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[Assistant] Your number one task as a speaker is to transfer into your listener's minds an extraordinary gift.


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[Assistant] A strange and beautiful object that we call an idea.


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[Assistant] There are billions of interconnected neurons in an impossible tangle.


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[Assistant] But look, here, right here, a few million of them are linked to each other in a way which represents a single idea.


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[Assistant] And incredibly this exact pattern is being recreated in real time inside the minds of everyone listening.


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[Assistant] That's right. In just a few minutes, a pattern involving millions of neurons is being teleported into 1200 minds just by people listening to a voice and watching a face. But wait.


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[Assistant] Is an idea anyway. Well, you can think of it as a pattern of information that helps you understand and navigate the world. Ideas come in all shapes and sizes from the complex and analytical to the simple and aesthetic. Here are just a few examples shared from the TED stage.


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[Assistant] Your mind is teeming with ideas. And not just randomly. They're carefully linked together.


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[Assistant] Collectively they form an amazingly complex structure that is your personal world view.


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[Assistant] It's your brain's operating system. It's how you navigate the world.


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[Assistant] And it is built up out of millions of individual ideas. So for example, if one little component of your world view is the idea that kittens are adorable, then when you see this,


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[Assistant] You'll react like this. But if another component of your worldview is the idea that leopards are dangerous, then when you see this, you'll react a little bit differently.


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[Assistant] So, it's pretty obvious why the ideas that make up your world view are crucial. You need them to be as reliable as possible a guide to the scary but wonderful real world out there.


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[Assistant] For example, how does your world view react when you see this image?


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[Assistant] Whatever your answer, there are millions of people out there who would react very differently. So that's why ideas really matter.


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[Assistant] If communicated properly, they're capable of changing forever how someone thinks about the world and shaping their actions both now and well into the future.


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[Assistant] Ideas are the most powerful force shaping human culture. So if you accept that your number one task as a speaker is to build an idea inside the minds of your audience,


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[Assistant] Here are four guidelines for how you should go about that task. One, limit your talk to just one major idea.


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[Assistant] Ideas are complex things. You need to slash back your content so that you can focus on the single idea you're most passionate about.


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[Assistant] And give yourself a chance to explain that one thing properly. You have to give context, share examples, make it vivid. So pick one idea and make it the through line running through your entire talk so that everything you say links back to it in some way. Two. Give your listeners a reason to care.


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[Assistant] Before you can start building things inside the minds of your audience, you have to get their permission to welcome you in. And the main tool to achieve that? Curiosity.


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[Assistant] Stir your audience's curiosity. Use intriguing, provocative questions to identify why something doesn't make sense and needs explaining.


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[Assistant] If you can reveal a disconnection in someone's worldview, they'll feel the need to bridge that knowledge gap.


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[Assistant] Build your idea, piece by piece, out of concepts that your audience already understands. You use the power of language to weave together concepts that already exist in your listener's minds.


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[Assistant] But not your language, their language. You start where they are. But speakers often forget that many of the terms and concepts they live with are completely unfamiliar to their audiences. Now, metaphors can play a crucial role in showing how the pieces fit together.


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[Assistant] Because they reveal the desired shape of the pattern based on an idea that the listener already understands.


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[Assistant] For example, when Jennifer Kahn wanted to explain the incredible new biotechnology called CRISPR, she said, it's as if for the first time you had a word processor to edit DNA. CRISPR allows you to cut and paste genetic information really easily.


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[Assistant] Now, a vivid explanation like that delivers a satisfying aha moment as it snaps into place in our minds. It's important, therefore, to test your talk on trusted friends and find out which parts they get confused by. Four. Here's the final tip. Make your idea worth sharing.


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[Assistant] By that I mean, ask yourself the question, who does this idea benefit?


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[Assistant] And I need you to be honest with the answer. If the idea only serves you or your organization, then I'm sorry to say it's probably not worth sharing.


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[Assistant] The audience will see right through you. But if you believe that the idea has the potential to brighten up someone else's day or change someone else's perspective for the better or inspire someone to do something differently, then you have the core ingredient to a truly great talk. One that can be a gift to them and to all of us.


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[Assistant] And my name is Catherine. So Marco, today we've got a little bit of an unusual lesson because we're talking about hypothetical situations.


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[Assistant] Okay, so you're gonna hear all about this in today's dialogue. We're gonna hear it a couple of times when we come back. We'll be breaking it down for you so you know all about these great phrases and how to talk about not real situations with your friends.


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[Assistant] Alright this is a good one. What would your mom say if you told her that you're going to get married?


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[Assistant] No, but it's actually a very popular game in the car to play. The what-if game.


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[Assistant] Alright, so conditional because the results, the, uh, the thing that happens depends on something else.


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[Assistant] So let's, uh, let's actually take a look at the words in today's language takeaway before we talk about all this grammar stuff.


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[Assistant] Okay, so this might be a little bit strange because you think, okay, to ask is to ask a question. But to ask out, it's a fixed phrase. It's something you say, these two words go together, right? So, I want to ask someone out, that means I want to invite someone on a date.


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[Assistant] So yeaah, I want to ask him out to dinner, or he asked me out to the movies.


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[Assistant] I'd say you could invite someone out, uh, but then again, it's always a little bit, uh, well, you can say invite for someone if you're gonna ask them on a date too, so.


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[Assistant] And to invite can be romantic or just friends.


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[Assistant] So the verb to freak out means to be really angry or upset or, you know, it could be a good thing or a bad thing, but usually when we're talking about our parents, it's a bad thing.


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[Assistant] Well, let's look at the whole phrase. He says, she would have me committed. So this is actually being done to someone.


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[Assistant] Means that you're going to send them away to maybe a mental institution.


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[Assistant] So this means they have psychological problems and someone else sends them to the hospital because they can't send themselves.


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[Assistant] Right, cause it's, it's being done to them. They don't want it to happen. It's involuntary.


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[Assistant] What would you do if you won the lottery?


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[Assistant] Alright, this is a good one. What would your mom say if you told her you were going to get married?


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[Assistant] Right, so I think it's important to push these into two different categories, right? We have one kind where it's very unrealistic, it's probably not going to happen, that kind of situation.


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[Assistant] Okay, so the first one we're going to talk about is very unrealistic situations, things that probably won't happen.


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[Assistant] Okay, if you won the lottery. So this is a situation that's very uncommon, right? Not many people win the lottery. So we have to say, if you won the lottery. So we use this, this, this verb in the past tense. If you won the lottery, if this happened, what would you do?


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[Assistant] If I won the lottery, I would buy a boat and sail around the world with my friends.


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[Assistant] Stuck on a desert island with one person. Who would that person be? So Marco, I'm gonna ask you. Who would it be?


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[Assistant] So that's the first situation. We've got these situations like being stuck on an island, winning the lottery. These are very unlikely. But what about the other kind?


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[Assistant] This is a rule, so this is a grammar rule. We're not going to describe why it happens because it's very, very complicated and you can look it up on our site, but we're going to describe how to use it. That's the most important. So we can say, for example, Marco, if I were you, I would dye my hair red.


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[Assistant] So if I were you, I would. Or if you were me, what would you do?


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[Assistant] Right, so we've got these, uh, these situations that are common or likely. Uhm, for example, in this lesson we hear, I will go with you for sure. So this is, if you buy me a ticket to travel, of course I will go with you. So, if you buy, this is in the present tense, if you buy, then I will.


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[Assistant] Okay, so think about this. Before we talked about going to desert islands, now we're talking about rain and the weather. They're very, very different. The rain is, you know, is very common. So we can say, if it rains tomorrow, I will need an umbrella.


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[Assistant] Alright, so Marco, let's take another listen to some of these phrases and try and figure out while you're listening which kind of conditional it is, first or the second.


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[Assistant] Exactly. And so just remember, if you were me, what would you do? We've got these kind of pairs, these words that go together.


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[Assistant] And the other one is more common, it's if we, if it rains tomorrow, I will bring an umbrella.


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[Assistant] Alright, this is a good one. What would your mom say if you told her that you're going to get married?


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[Assistant] So Marco, if we talk anymore about grammar, someone's gonna have to have me committed.


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[Assistant] It is, but I'll tell you this, these are very, very common phrases. People use these all the time. We talk, we talk in hypotheticals very often. So uhm, if you're asking for advice, for example, or if you're just playing a game in the car, uh, you're gonna encounter these and it's very important to be able to know how to use them.


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[Assistant] Exactly, and if you have questions about the stuff that we've been talking about, you're not really clear on some things, just ask us because we're happy to answer your questions and give more examples on the website.


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[Assistant] Hello English learners, welcome back to EnglishPod. My name is Marco. And my name is Erica. Today we're bringing you another one of our sports lessons and this time we're gonna go to a boxing match.


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[Assistant] Exactly. So, let's listen to our dialogue for the first time. It might sound familiar, we have the legendary Rocky Balboa at EnglishPod fighting for the Heavyweight Championship, so let's see what happens.


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[Assistant] Alright, so let's take a look at some of the language we saw in this dialogue in Language Takeaway.


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[Assistant] Okay, bloody, terrible, very hard, or like a gruesome fight would be a very bloody fight.


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[Assistant] It means I hit him so hard that he fell to the floor and maybe he was unconscious for a while. So he fell asleep basically. Almost. Yeaah. So it's very similar, the noun form to the verb form. Like basically if you knock someone out, you get a knockout.


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[Assistant] Alright, now for our next word we saw as Apollo quickly began to jab Rocky Balboa.


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[Assistant] Now, Apollo was throwing jabs and Rocky began to dodge.


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[Assistant] Alright, so if you dodge, you're trying to avoid getting hit.


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[Assistant] Exactly. Now we can also use it in different ways. Not only do you dodge when somebody's trying to punch you, you can also, for example, dodge a bullet.


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[Assistant] Right, so we have many examples of dodge used in other contexts, so why don't we listen to some examples?


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[Assistant] Right, so you don't have much balance, so you just throw your entire body and your fist at someone to hit them as hard as you can. That's a haymaker.


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[Assistant] Alright, so on Fluency Builder today, we're gonna take a look at some of these phrases and we have four of them for you today, so let's get started with the first one.


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[Assistant] Alright, so we're about to get underway with this new project.


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[Assistant] Very good. So the match was about to get underway and the sports announcer said that Rocky Balboa is going to square off against his lifetime rival.


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[Assistant] Right, so we're about to have a one-to-one competition.


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[Assistant] Alright, so great examples and I think we can use it now not only in boxing but in other situations.


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[Assistant] You basically successfully hit your opponent with a punch or hit.


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[Assistant] So he said he threw a left and a right.


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[Assistant] Now again, we'll take this one apart. So a left, what are we talking about? Basically a left punch, but we can omit punch.


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[Assistant] So basically you punch somebody with your left.


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[Assistant] So Bob started to throw some punches at the other guy.


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[Assistant] Alright, so to throw a left, to throw a punch.


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[Assistant] Okay, so now that we've seen all these phrases, why don't we listen to the dialogue for the very last time and we'll come back in a little bit.


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[Assistant] Well, boxing is a very popular sport in North America. I'm not really that big of a fan, but I have seen a couple of matches and it's very interesting because as we saw in our dialogue, most big fights take place, take place in Las Vegas at some big hotel.


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[Assistant] Right, so in the United States, there's something very popular called pay-per-view, and I'm sure in your countries you have something similar. Basically, pay-per-view you can buy.


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[Assistant] The fight so you can have access to it and watch it on your TV. But you only pay one time to watch like maybe two hours, right? Right. So let's say you're at your house at six o'clock and the fight begins at eight. So you can call your TV cable company or maybe use on the internet with a credit card and


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[Assistant] They activate it on your TV so you can watch the fight and when it's over, well, you finished watching it.


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[Assistant] Yeah, pay-per-view can be very expensive depending on what event it is because sometimes it's boxing matches, concerts, or special events. So it can maybe cost, I don't know, 60, 80, maybe 100 dollars. So it's very popular for one house to buy the pay-per-view.


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[Assistant] And then many friends come over and everyone chips in with five or ten dollars and everyone watches it on one TV.


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[Assistant] I think you understood that, uh, it's coming, it's, uh, it offers a lot of potential and it's complex. Uh, what is your estimation for, estimate for the rate of adoption?


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[Assistant] The upper reaches of the Yangtze River deposit a lot of silt here.


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[Assistant] Which has gradually built up into a small island in the river.


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[Assistant] And are called the Three Mountains of Jingkou.


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[Assistant] Jinshan Mountain is only 42 metres above sea level.


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[Assistant] Although Jinshan Mountain is said to be on the Yangtze River, because the river's course has moved to the north,


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[Assistant] From here, Jin Shan Mountain can be seen in the west, and Zhao Shan Mountain in the east.


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[Assistant] This seemingly inconspicuous local landscape composed of three beautiful mountains


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[Assistant] So this lesson was requested by one of our users that wanted vocabulary and different phrases that are used in the supermarket when the person is about to pay for all the things they need.


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[Assistant] Alright, so let's listen to our dialogue for the first time and see what happens.


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[Assistant] That's right, and so why don't we look at this language now in Language Takeaway.


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[Assistant] So the checkout lane is the place where you get in line to pay for all the goods you bought.


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[Assistant] So in, in grocery stores or in supermarkets, sometimes you have a specific checkout lane that's faster.


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[Assistant] Now we know belt as the thing you put around your waist.


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[Assistant] Right? But in a supermarket, the belt is the moving table that you put your groceries on so the cashier starts to pass them through.


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[Assistant] And then the guy said that he had a couple of coupons. Coupons? Coupons. Ah, coupons.


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[Assistant] Now, he presented these coupons and she said they were expired. The coupons expired yesterday. Expired. To expire. Alright, so to expire, that means


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[Assistant] Right, so why don't we listen to some other examples of how we can use expired so we can understand a little bit better.


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[Assistant] And now finally she asked him if he wants to pay with his club card or cash. So club card. Club card. What's a club card? So in some supermarkets you can receive a special type of credit card that you can only use for grocery shopping.


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[Assistant] Well, what happens is, sometimes, suppose your groceries cost $20.


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[Assistant] So instead of charging $20 to your credit card or your club card, you say, okay, put $70. So then the cashier can give you $50 back so you can have cash in your pocket.


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[Assistant] Alright, so now that we've listened to the dialogue for the second time, it's time for us to take a look at some phrases in Fluency Builder.


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[Assistant] Alright, now this is an interesting and very informal phrase, so before we explain it, why don't we listen to a couple of other examples.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now this is the common cliche phrase that any grocery store cashier will use, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right, so you can choose plastic bags or paper bags.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Very good. And our last phrase, since he wasn't really having a good day, he said, it's just not my day.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Alright, so let's listen to the dialogue for the last time, and then we'll come back and talk a little bit about grocery stores in America.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right, it's a very popular summer job or part-time job of like college students.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so the high school boys would be working in the back, uh, maybe in the warehouse carrying boxes or stocking the shelves.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Exactly. It's a very popular part-time job for students in the United States, but also coupons are very popular in America.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, usually, for example, in the Sunday newspaper you will receive a lot of coupons.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, you go to the grocery store and you have all these coupons for like, cookies or a promotion on uhm, on some type of soda or drink. So, it's very popular. People go grocery shopping and then present all these coupons. And actually, you can end up saving a good amount of money.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's interesting because people actually will buy that product just because they have a coupon for it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right, leave all your questions and comments there and also if you have any other suggestions or any doubts, please let us know and well, we'll see you guys there.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Howdy, nice car. What seems to be the problem?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Not sure yet. How about you pop the hood and we can take a look?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well missy, the white smoke that you saw is stained from the radiator. You overheated your engine so now the pistons are busted, and so is your transmission.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You should have called us and we could have told you over here when your car died.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm afraid a bit more than that. We need to order the spare parts, take apart your electrical system, fuel pump, and engine, and then put it back together again. You are gonna have to leave it here for at least, uh, two weeks.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I forgot to charge my mobile phone. It's gonna die on me soon.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Howdy, nice car. What seems to be the problem?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Not sure yet. How about you pop the hood and we can take a look?