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[Assistant] The torrent, swollen by the melting snow, plunges into a tremendous abyss from which the spray rolls up like the smoke from a burning house.


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[Assistant] The shaft into which the river hurls itself is an immense chasm lined by glistening coal-black rock and narrowing into a creaming, boiling pit of incalculable depth, which brims over and shoots the stream onward over its jagged lip.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The long sweep of green water, roaring forever down, and the thick flickering curtain of spray, hissing forever upward, turn a man giddy with their constant whirl and clamour.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We stood near the edge, peering down at the gleam of the breaking water far below us against the black rocks, and listening to the half-human shout which came booming up with the spray out of the abyss.


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[Assistant] The path has been cut halfway round the fall to afford a complete view, but it ends abruptly, and the traveller has to return as he came.


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[Assistant] We had turned to do so when we saw a Swiss lad come running along it with a letter in his hand.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It bore the mark of the hotel which we had just left, and was addressed to me by the landlord.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It appeared that within a very few minutes of our leaving an English lady had arrived who was in the last stage of consumption.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] She had wintered at Davos Platz, and was journeying now to join her friends at Lucerne, when a sudden haemorrhage had overtaken her.


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[Assistant] It was thought that she could hardly live a few hours


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[Assistant] But it would be a great consolation to her to see an English doctor, and if I would only return, etc.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The good Steiler assured me in a postscript that he would himself look upon my compliance as a very great favour, since the lady absolutely refused to see a Swiss physician, and he could not but feel that he was incurring a great responsibility. The appeal was one which could not be ignored.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was impossible to refuse the request of a fellow countrywoman dying in a strange land. Yet I had my scruples about leaving homes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was finally agreed, however, that he should retain the young Swiss messenger with him as guide and companion, while I returned to Meidingen.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] My friend would stay some little time at the fall, he said, and would then walk slowly over the hill to Rosenlaue, where I was to rejoin him in the evening.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As I turned away I saw Holmes with his back against a rock and his arms folded, gazing down at the rush of the waters.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was the last that I was ever destined to see of him in this world. When I was near the bottom of the descent I looked back.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was impossible from that position to see the fall, but I could see the curving path which winds over the shoulder of the hill and leads to it. Along this a man was, I remember, walking very rapidly.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I could see this black figure clearly outlined against the green behind him.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I noted him, and the energy with which he walked, but he passed from my mind again as I hurried on upon my errand.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It may have been a little over an hour before I reached Meilingen. Old Styler was standing at the porch of his hotel.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, said I, as I came hurrying up, I trust that she is no worse.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A luck of surprise passed over his face, and at the first quiver of his eyebrows my heart turned to lead in my breast.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Certainly not, he cried. But it has the hotel mark upon it. Ha!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It must have been written by that tall Englishman who came in after you had gone. He said— But I waited for none of the landlord's explanations.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In a tingle of fear I was already running down the village street and making for the path which I had so lately descended. It had taken me an hour to come down.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For all my efforts, two more had passed before I found myself at the fall of Raichenbach once more.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There was Holmes' alpine stock, still leaning against the rock by which I had left him. But there was no sign of him, and it was in vain that I shouted.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] My only answer was my own voice reverberating in a rolling echo from the cliffs around me.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was the sight of that alpine stock which turned me cold and sick.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He had not gone to Rosenlaue then. He had remained on that three-foot path, with sheer wall on one side and sheer drop on the other, until his enemy had overtaken him. The young Swiss had gone too.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He had probably been in the pay of Moriarty, and had left the two men together. And then what had happened? Who was to tell us what had happened then?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I stood for a moment or two to collect myself, for I was dazed with the horror of the thing. Then I began to think of Holmes's own methods, and to try to practise them in reading this tragedy. It was, alas, only too easy to do.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] During our conversation we had not gone to the end of the path, and the alpine stock marked the place where we had stood.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The blackish soil is kept forever soft by the incessant drift of spray, and a bird would leave its tread upon it. Two lines of footmarks were clearly marked along the farther end of the path, both leading away from me. There were none returning.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A few yards from the end the soil was all ploughed up into a patch of mud, and the branches and ferns which fringed the chasm were torn and bedraggled.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I lay upon my face and peered over with the spray spouting up all around me. It had darkened since I left, and now I could only see here and there the glistening of moisture upon the black walls, and far away down at the end of the shaft the gleam of the broken water.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I shouted, but only the same half-human cry of the fall was borne back to my ears.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But it was destined that I should after all have a last word of greeting from my friend and comrade. I have said that his alpine stock had been left leaning against a rock which jutted on to the path.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] From the top of this boulder the gleam of something bright caught my eye.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And raising my hand I found that it came from the silver cigarette case which he used to carry.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As I took it up, a small square of paper upon which it had lain fluttered down onto the ground.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Unfolding it, I found that it consisted of three pages torn from his notebook and addressed to me.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was characteristic of the man that the direction was as precise and the writing as firm and clear as though it had been written in his study.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] My dear Watson," it said, I write these few lines through the courtesy of Mr. Moriarty, who awaits my convenience for the final discussion of those questions which lie between us.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He has been giving me a sketch of the methods by which he avoided the English police, and kept himself informed of our movements.


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[Assistant] They certainly confirm the very high opinion which I had formed of his abilities.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I am pleased to think that I shall be able to free society from any further effects of his presence, though I fear that it is at a cost which will give pain to my friends, and especially, my dear Watson, to you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I have already explained to you, however, that my career had in any case reached its crisis, and that no possible conclusion to it could be more congenial to me than this.


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[Assistant] Indeed, if I may make a full confession to you, I was quite convinced that the letter from Meiringen was a hoax, and I allowed you to depart on that errand under the persuasion that some development of this sort would follow.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Tell Inspector Patterson that the papers which he needs to convict the gang are in pigeonhole M, done up in a blue envelope and inscribed Moriarty.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I made every disposition of my property before leaving England, and handed it to my brother Mycroft.


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[Assistant] Pray, give my greetings to Mrs Watson, and believe me to be, my dear fellow, very sincerely yours, Sherlock Holmes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A few words may suffice to tell the little that remains.


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[Assistant] An examination by experts leaves little doubt that a personal contest between the two men ended—as it could hardly fail to end in such a situation—in their reeling over, locked in each other's arms.


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[Assistant] Any attempt at recovering the bodies was absolutely hopeless, and there, deep down in that dreadful cauldron of swirling water and seething foam, will lie for all time the most dangerous criminal and the foremost champion of the law of their generation.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The Swiss youth was never found again, and there can be no doubt that he was one of the numerous agents whom Moriarty kept in his employ.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As to the gang, it will be within the memory of the public how completely the evidence which Holmes had accumulated exposed their organisation, and how heavily the hand of the dead man weighed upon them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Of their terrible chief few details came out during the proceedings, and if I have now been compelled to make a clear statement of his career,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It is due to those injudicious champions who have endeavoured to clear his memory by attacks upon him, whom I shall ever regard as the best and the wisest man whom I have ever known.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] End of The Final Problem and of the Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now, one of the first things I want to tackle is getting hold of what the user typed in to the URL or rather known as parsing a URL.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In this case, if the user typed in www.mysite.com and then they had a forward slash with a path, for example, forward slash Angela or forward slash mail, forward slash messages, forward slash pictures, then we want to be able to get hold of the information in that path.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Because we might be able to do something different with it and render something specific based on that URL.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Previously we already saw that we could change the route of our website by serving up different information. So if the user went to the home route, which is just the URL and then a forward slash, then we would show them something.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But if they went to a different route, for example, forward slash hello, then we could show them something else.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This is where we left off in our previous lessons.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then I could set up the route decorator. So this is the decorator function to look for when the user goes to a specific path. For example, forward slash buy.


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[Assistant] Remember that this is a decorator function which lives inside a app object, which is declared in the Flask class.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now, if all of that sounded like it didn't make any sense, then be sure to review the lessons that we did in previous days on classes and methods. I'm going to assume that all of this is pretty straightforward to you by now.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now when we run this website, we can now go to the URL.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And we can go to the homepage, which says hello world. And we could go to the buy route, which just says buy with an exclamation mark.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What if we wanted to have a variable in that route? What if we want to get hold of what the user types in here?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For example, let's say that instead of just catching by and forward slash, what if we wanted to greet our user? Let's say I create a greet function that takes their name and it returns something like hello, but then it adds the name. Let's turn this into an F string to make that work.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The question is how would we create the route? Would it be forward slash name or would it be something else? Well, this is what


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is described in this section of Variable Rules.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We can add variable sections to a URL. So basically it's the equivalent of creating a variable within that URL by marking it with this syntax. So putting some angle brackets around the variable name.


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[Assistant] Then our function is going to receive the variable name once the decorator is done with it.


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[Assistant] And then we can use it inside our function.


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[Assistant] So for example, let's say that we had a route which is forward slash username and then forward slash the actual name of the user.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Which we'll put inside some angle brackets. This means that Flask is now going to turn whatever it is that comes after username forward slash into a variable for us to tap into. And that variable has the name of name.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So now when our greet function goes through that decorator, it's going to receive that value and we can use it in this greet function. Now, if I go ahead and rerun my code,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] forward slash, and then I'll put in a username, for example, Angela.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then that Angela is going to be taken and it's going to be rendered dynamically into my webpage. So it doesn't matter what it is I put here. It's always going to respond accordingly and treat this as if it was the value to a variable.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now notice how every single time we update our code, so for example, if I didn't want this to be under the route forward slash username, forward slash name, instead if I just wanted to


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Put it at forward slash name. This is not going to work as is. It's going to give us a 404, which is not found.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And the reason for this is because we have to stop and refresh our server for these changes to be reflected. So I have to stop and then rerun my server. And now if I go to here and I start typing something like,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] John, then this update to the route is now live.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If we are testing and developing our website, this is really painful having to stop and rerun the server every single time we make a change in our server file.


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[Assistant] So one of the things that you might notice here is that there is something called a debug mode and we can set this to be on or off.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now there's a couple advantages of having the debug mode on. And it's described in the quick start.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It allows us to activate the debugger which helps us narrow down on any issues.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It activates the automatic reloader so that whenever we edit our file and hit save, it's going to reload our server. And finally, it also enables the debug mode on the Flask application.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's give that a go. In order to change our app to run on debug mode, all we have to do is to change the debug property to true.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And now if I go ahead and rerun this application, then you can see my debug mode is now on.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I've got this debugger is active and also a debugger pin, which we'll come back to in just a minute. If I go to my website,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You can see that I can go to a route like this and it still works.


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[Assistant] For example, just adding a new word into the return.


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[Assistant] If I go ahead and hit Command S on Mac or Control S on Windows to save this file,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then it will reload the server because it's detected a change in that file and it's going to reload our server automatically so that we don't have to stop and start all over again.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So now if we go back over here and we refresh this page, then you can see that update in the code is now reflected. This is pretty neat.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But in addition, we could also do other things. For example, if we actually need to debug an issue.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For example, let's say that here in my variable path, instead of saying name, I called it username.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But then in my greet function, I'm still trying to tap into this variable called name.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So now if I hit save, it's going to reload my server and you can see that there's actually nothing wrong with what I've done. This is all syntactically valid.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But if I go to my website here and I hit enter, I actually get the Flask debug view.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So it's actually telling me in this nicely formatted way, what is the issue? So the main issue is that I got a type error.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What happens if we scroll to the bottom is that the greet function got an unexpected keyword argument called username.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that debugger might help us to figure out that, Oh, actually I've named this wrong.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now, this is an issue with the path here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But alternatively, I could have made an error in my code as well.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For example, let's say that we wanna take the name that's being passed in here and we decided that we were gonna add 12 to it for some reason or other.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now if I hit save so that my server reloads and I try to refresh this website, you can see again I've got a type error.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And this time though, it's telling me that I can only concatenate string, not an integer to a string.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And if we go through these files, you can see one of these lines refers to a file that we wrote, hello.py. And it tells us that on line 18 in the greet function, this is the line that's tripping it up.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now one of the things I can do at this point is I can actually open up the Flask debugger and I do that by clicking on this button right here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And what this is going to ask is for that pin that I showed you earlier on, which is in our console.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This means that if somebody else is accessing your website live on the internet and you happen to have it in debugger mode, they can't just go and mess around with your code.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's go and scroll to the bottom and copy our debugger code and then paste it in here as the pin and then confirm to gain access to the debugger.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now what it's done is basically it's opened up a console that is live on this line.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So now what I can do is I can print out, for example, the variables that it could access on that line. For example, name. And it tells me that name is Angela.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I can start diagnosing, well, why is this wrong? So if I wanted to add a name to 12,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, I can narrow it down and it shows me that you can only add


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A string to a string or an integer to an integer. You can't mix up the types.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that might make me realize that actually I need to change this also to a string.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now if I go ahead and refresh, you can see there's no problems there and I've managed to fix the problem with the help of the Flask debugger. Now just a few more things on this URL.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] One of the things that we could do is we could add some text to the path before. So you remember that I said username slash name, so that works. We can also add paths afterwards. So it could be one or two or whatever it may be. And we can now access this route by going to our URL.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And then it was the variable that we could put in. And then finally we can add even more to the path afterwards. So in our case, the path is one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So now if I hit enter, you can see it still goes to the same page, but it's only this middle part that's being taken as the value to this name variable.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now if we go back to the Flask quick start, you can see that the final thing it mentions is there is something called a converter and the converter basically converts the URL into any data type that you specify.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] By default, it converts that variable value into a string.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Which means it's going to accept any text without a slash.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now if you want to keep the slash, because if you're using a path, then that might be quite important. So for example, you wanted to get this entire part as your variable, Angela slash one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well then in that case, instead of using this, you would have to specify, well, the data type is going to be a path and then I'm going to save that as the name.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So now if I hit save and I use the same URL, you can see the rest of that path is now being rendered.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In my variable and it's being pulled in for whatever it is that I may need it for.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now alternatively, you can also have more than one variable, of course. So maybe this first part, I'm going to keep it as a name, which is a string.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And then the second part, I want a number, so maybe I'll keep it as the datatype integer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now coming back here, if I change this URL a little bit and I hit enter, you can see it's taken this and placed it here. It's taken this and placed it here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that's a quick little bit on how we can extract the parts that we want from a URL by using these variable paths.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In the next lesson, we're going to see how we can control the HTML that gets rendered instead of just letting Flask render what is the default.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So for all of that and more, I'll see you on the next lesson.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Have you found any carrots yet, little nut-brown-hair?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Ooh, maybe try, mmm, over there.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Of course, the more the merrier, and the faster all the jobs will get done.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You might help carry all this food home.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A quick visit to the beehive. Those honeyberries have given me an idea.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Carrying all that food home will be the best help you can give me.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Really? I wish I would have known. You probably could have raised a Kickstarter fund just for that one image of her covered in paint. Had I known that. Anyway, Victoria took down my photo, so...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Perhaps we could give Wukong a job here in heaven.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Why would we do that? If he's here, we can keep an eye on him.


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[Assistant] I have an invitation from the Jade Emperor. He would like you to come to live in heaven.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Who cares what that monkey thinks? What does he know?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Mr Sherlock Holmes, who was usually very late in the mornings, save upon those not in frequent occasions when he was up all night, was seated at the breakfast table.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I stood upon the hearth-rug and picked up the stick which our visitor had left behind him the night before.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was a fine, thick piece of wood, bulbous-headed, of the sort which is known as a Penang lawyer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Just under the head was a broad silver band nearly an inch across.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was just such a stick as the old-fashioned family practitioner used to carry—dignified, solid, and reassuring. Well, Watson, what do you make of it?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Holmes was sitting with his back to me, and I had given him no sign of my occupation. How did you know what I was doing? I believe you have eyes in the back of your head.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I have at least a well-polished silver-plated coffee-pot in front of me," said he.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But tell me, Watson, what do you make of our visitor's stick? Since we have been so unfortunate as to miss him, and have no notion of his errand, this accidental souvenir becomes of importance.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let me hear you reconstruct the man by an examination of it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I think, said I, following as far as I could the methods of my companion.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Dr. Mortimer is a successful elderly medical man, well esteemed since those who know him give him his mark of their appreciation.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I think also that the probability is in favour of his being a country practitioner who does a great deal of his visiting on foot. Why so?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Because this stick, though originally a very handsome one, has been so knocked about that I can hardly imagine a town practitioner carrying it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The thick iron ferrule is worn down, so it is evident that he has done a great amount of walking with it. Perfectly sound, said Holmes. And then again there is the Friends of the CCH. I should guess that to be the Something Hunt.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The local hunt whose members he has possibly given some surgical assistance, and which has made him a small presentation in return.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Really, Watson, you excel yourself," said Holmes, pushing back his chair and lighting a cigarette.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I am bound to say that in all the accounts which you have been so good as to give of my own small achievements you have habitually underrated your own abilities. It may be that you are not yourself luminous, but you are a conductor of light.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Some people without possessing genius have a remarkable power of stimulating it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I confess, my dear fellow, that I am very much in your debt.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He had never said as much before, and I must admit that his words gave me keen pleasure, for I had often been piqued by his indifference to my admiration and the attempts which I had made to give publicity to his methods.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I was proud, too, to think that I had so far mastered his system as to apply it in a way which earned his approval.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He now took the stick from my hands and examined it for a few minutes with his naked eyes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then with an expression of interest, he laid down his cigarette, and carrying the cane to the window, he looked over it again with a convex lens.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Interesting though elementary, said he as he returned to his favourite corner of the settee.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There are certainly one or two indications upon the stick. It gives us the basis for several deductions


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Has anything escaped me? I asked with some self-importance. I trust that there's nothing of consequence which I've overlooked.


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[Assistant] I am afraid, my dear Watson, that most of your conclusions were erroneous. When I said that you stimulated me, I meant, to be frank, that in noting your fallacies I was occasionally guided towards the truth.


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[Assistant] Not that you are entirely wrong in this instance. The man is certainly a country practitioner, and he walks a great deal. Then I was right. To that extent. But that was all.


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[Assistant] No, no, my dear Watson, not all, by no means all. I would suggest, for example, that a presentation to a doctor is more likely to come from a hospital than from a hunt.


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[Assistant] And if we take this as a working hypothesis we have a fresh basis from which to start our construction of this unknown visitor.


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[Assistant] Well then, supposing that CCH does stand for Charing Cross Hospital, what further inferences may we draw? Do non suggest themselves? You know my methods. Apply them.


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[Assistant] I can only think of the obvious conclusion that the man has practised in town before going to the country.


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[Assistant] I think that we might venture a little farther than this. Look at it in this light.


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[Assistant] On what occasion would it be most probable that such a presentation would be made?


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[Assistant] When would his friends unite to give him a pledge of their goodwill?


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[Assistant] Obviously at the moment when Dr. Mortimer withdrew from the service of the hospital in order to start a practice for himself. We know there has been a presentation.


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[Assistant] We believe there has been a change from a town hospital to a country practice.


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[Assistant] Is it, then, stretching our inference too far, to say that the presentation was on the occasion of the change? It certainly seems probable.


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[Assistant] Now, you will observe that he could not have been on the staff of the hospital, since only a man well established in a London practice could hold such a position.


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[Assistant] And such a one would not drift into the country. What was he then?


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[Assistant] If he was in the hospital, and yet not on the staff, he could only have been a house surgeon or a house physician—little more than a senior student.


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[Assistant] And he left five years ago. The date is on the stick.


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[Assistant] So your grave, middle-aged family practitioner, vanishes into thin air, my dear Watson.


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[Assistant] And there emerges a young fellow, under thirty, amiable, unambitious, absent-minded, and the possessor of a favourite dog, which I should describe roughly as being larger than a terrier and smaller than a mastiff.


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[Assistant] I laughed incredulously as Sherlock Holmes leaned back in his settee and blew little wavering rings of smoke up to the ceiling.


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[Assistant] As to the latter part, I have no means of checking you, said I, but at least it is not difficult to find out a few particulars about the man's age and professional career.


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[Assistant] From my small medical shelf I took down the medical directory and turned up the name


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[Assistant] There were several Mortimer's, but only one could be our visitor. I read his record aloud.


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[Assistant] House surgeon from 1882 to 1884 at Charing Cross Hospital.


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[Assistant] Winner of the Jackson Prize for Comparative Pathology, with essay entitled, Is Disease a Reversion?, corresponding member of the Swedish Pathological Society, author of Some Freaks of Atavism, Lancet, 1882.


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[Assistant] Do we progress? Journal of Psychology, March 1883. Medical officer for the parishes of Grimpen, Thorsley, and Highbarrow. No mention of that local hunt, Watson," said Holmes, with a mischievous smile.


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[Assistant] But a country doctor, as you very astutely observed.


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[Assistant] I think that I am fairly justified in my inferences.


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[Assistant] As to the adjectives, I said, if I remember right, amiable, unambitious, and absent-minded.


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[Assistant] It is my experience that it is only an amiable man in this world who receives testimonials.


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[Assistant] Only an unambitious one who abandons a London career for the country, and only an absent-minded one who leaves his stick and not his visiting card after waiting an hour in your room. And the dog?


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[Assistant] Has been in the habit of carrying this stick behind his master.


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[Assistant] Being a heavy stick, the dog is held it tightly by the middle, and the marks of his teeth are very plainly visible.


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[Assistant] The dog's jaw, as shown in the space between these marks, is too broad, in my opinion, for a terrier, and not broad enough for a mastiff.


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[Assistant] It may have been—yes, by Jove—it is a curly-haired spaniel. He had risen and paced the room as he spoke. Now he halted in the recess of the window.


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[Assistant] There was such a ring of conviction in his voice that I glanced up in surprise.


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[Assistant] My dear fellow, how can you possibly be so sure of that?


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[Assistant] For the very simple reason that I see the dog himself on our very doorstep, and there is the ring of its owner.


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[Assistant] Don't move, I beg you, Watson. He is a professional brother of yours, and your presence may be of assistance to me.


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[Assistant] Now is the dramatic moment of fate, Watson, when you hear a step upon the stair which is walking into your life, and you know not whether for good or ill.


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[Assistant] What does Dr. James Mortimer, the man of science, ask of Sherlock Holmes, the specialist in crime? Come in!" The appearance of our visitor was a surprise to me, since I had expected a typical country practitioner.


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[Assistant] He was a very tall thin man with a long nose like a beak which jutted out between two keen grey eyes set closely together and sparkling brightly from behind a pair of gold-rimmed glasses. He was clad in a professional but rather slovenly fashion, for his frock-coat was dingy and his trousers frayed.


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[Assistant] Though young, his long back was already bowed, and he walked with a forward thrust of his head and a general air of peering benevolence.


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[Assistant] As he entered his eyes fell upon the stick in Holmes's hand.


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[Assistant] And he ran towards it with an exclamation of joy.


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[Assistant] I'm so very glad," said he. I was not so sure whether I had left it here or in the shipping office. I would not lose that stick for the world. A presentation, I see," said Holmes. Yes, sir. From Charing Cross Hospital?


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[Assistant] From one or two friends there on the occasion of my marriage.


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[Assistant] Dear dear, that's bad, said Holmes, shaking his head.


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[Assistant] Dr Mortimer blinked through his glasses in mild astonishment. Why was it bad?


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[Assistant] Only that you have disarranged our little deductions. Your marriage, you say?


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[Assistant] Yes sir, I married, and so left the hospital, and with it all hopes of a consulting practice. It was necessary to make a home of my own.


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[Assistant] A dabler in science, Mr Holmes, a picker-up of shells on the shores of the great unknown ocean.


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[Assistant] I presume that it is Mr. Sherlock Holmes who I am addressing and not— No, this is my friend, Dr. Watson. Glad to meet you, sir.


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[Assistant] I have heard your name mentioned in connection with that of your friend. You interest me very much, Mr Holmes.


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[Assistant] I had hardly expected so doly-chocephalic a skull of such well-marked supraorbital development.


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[Assistant] Would you have any objection to my running my finger along your parietal fissure?


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[Assistant] A cast of your skull, sir, until the original is available, would be an ornament to any anthropological museum. It is not my intention to be fulsome, but I confess that I covet your skull.


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[Assistant] Sherlock Holmes waved our strange visitor into a chair.


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[Assistant] You are an enthusiast in your line of thought, I perceive, sir, as I am in mine," said he.


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[Assistant] I observe from your forefinger that you make your own cigarettes. Have no hesitation in lighting one.


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[Assistant] The man drew out paper and tobacco and twirled the one up in the other with surprising dexterity. He had long quivering fingers, as agile and restless as the antennae of an insect. Holmes was silent,


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[Assistant] That it was not merely for the purpose of examining my skull that you have done me the honour to call here last night, and again today.


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[Assistant] No sir, no, though I am happy to have had the opportunity of doing that as well.


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[Assistant] I came to you, Mr. Holmes, because I recognise that I am myself an unpractical man, and because I am suddenly confronted with a most serious and extraordinary problem.


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[Assistant] Recognizing as I do, that you are the second highest expert in Europe.


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[Assistant] Indeed, sir. May I inquire who has the honour to be the first? asked Holmes with some asperity.


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[Assistant] To the man of precisely scientific mind, the work of Monsieur Batillon must always appeal strongly. Then had you not better consult him.


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[Assistant] I said, sir, to the precisely scientific mind.


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[Assistant] But as a practical man of affairs, it is acknowledged that you stand alone.


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[Assistant] I trust, sir, that I have not inadvertently— Just a little," said Holmes. I think, Dr. Mortimer, you would do wisely if, without more ado, you would kindly tell me plainly what the exact nature of the problem is in which you demand my assistance.


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[Assistant] How good is God that this happened like right here at this time?


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[Assistant] I'm looking for a special birthday present for little field mouse. I'm not sure what to give her.


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[Assistant] That's tricky, but I saw some very interesting seed pods over here.


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[Assistant] Oh yes, it's a very pretty blue. Thank you bluebird.


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[Assistant] Hmm, which one do you think she'll like best?


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[Assistant] I look all over the meadow. It had to be exactly this shade of purple. With these yellow bits in the center. And with petals just this shape. Because, because that's what I wanted.


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[Assistant] Criticism and scrutiny that you have to deal with is also very real, but I do like that you do deal.


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[Assistant] Because you really could run away and disappear and decide that you don't want this to be your life anymore because someone doesn't have something nice to say to you but then you'd ruin everything you ever worked for. Yes.


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[Assistant] Oh wait, your mom gave you that? Yep.


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[Assistant] But how are you feeling? When did Tristan leave? Sunday.


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[Assistant] The magic flower of our dream


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[Assistant] Yeah, and Kylie looks so good. I didn't know she was like, poppin' poppin'. The baby's cookin' in there, like, I see it. I didn't know she was that far along.


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[Assistant] I think, uh, it's great for both of us, especially because, uh, we have a lot of room to grow.


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[Assistant] Regardless of us being friends or wherever we stand, I think we both grow together. It just makes our family and our bond just better.


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[Assistant] But you never have been, which I respect. And I appreciate that.


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[Assistant] I mean, it's not like you've ever burned my clothes or like, slashed my cars.


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[Assistant] I really don't. A steamy vagina sounds gross.


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[Assistant] I don't want it opened up, I want it tighter. I think everyone needs to do what they feel like doing, so if this is gonna relax you and gonna calm you down so you can drop


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[Assistant] I love being around Scott. I love hanging out with Scott. Him and I get along so well. He's one of my best friends.


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[Assistant] My mom has been asked to do a master class and I'm excited to help her navigate through everything. And I mean, why not bring Scott? He's funny. He might ask the most outlandish questions. Who knows?


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[Assistant] We don't piss anyone off. Oh my god, Lady Godiva. You're everything and more. Where'd you pull this little thing out the closet? This is what you have.


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[Assistant] I don't think it surprises me that my mom is nervous about Masterclass. I think we all get nervous about anything, even things that we know we're really good at. Like my mom knows she's built for this.


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[Assistant] Just pretend it's one of your daughters and you're giving us advice. That's good.


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[Assistant] It started to feel cold all of a sudden.


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[Assistant] The meadow is disappearing. Where are you little not brown hair? You're supposed to catch me yourself.


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[Assistant] I can't see you. It's getting too misty. Oh, yes it is. I'm a little bit frightened little nut-brown hair.


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[Assistant] As long as it takes for an autumn leaf to flutter to the ground.


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[Assistant] It's too misty for our usual games. Yes!


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[Assistant] How about we play, I don't spy with my little eye.


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[Assistant] Hmm, I've never played that before. That's because I just made it up. Okay, how does it work?


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[Assistant] We take it in turns thinking of something that we can't see, but we know we'll be there when the mist rises.


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[Assistant] I don't spy with my little eye something orange. Orange? A Dahlia flower? No.


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[Assistant] Hey, it's getting warmer! And lighter!


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[Assistant] I'm going to dream about running through the flowers.


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[Assistant] Uhm, after I wrote the laws of simplicity, I was very tired of simplicity as you can imagine. And so in my life I discovered that vacation is the most important skill for any kind of overachiever. Because your companies will always take away your life, but they can never take away your vacation in theory. So...


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[Assistant] So I opened up a magazine, Visa's branding was business tech simplicity. I developed photographs and Codex said keep it simple. So I felt kind of weird. The simplicity was sort of following me around.


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[Assistant] As a child, we used to wake up at 1 a.m. and work till 6 p.m., 6 days a week. My father was kind of like Andy Grove, this sort of, for the paranoid of the competition, so often 7 days a week. Family business equals child labor. We were a great model.


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[Assistant] She's the one that told me to leave MIT and go to art school. It was the best advice I ever got. So I left art school because of her. Uh, she passed away in 1994.


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[Assistant] Uhm, and also Iko Tanaka was a very important mentor in my life, the Paul Rand of Japan. Uh, he designed the, uh, most of the major icons of Japan like Issey Miyake's brand and also Muji. Uhm, when you have mentors, yesterday Kareem Abdul-Jabbar talked about mentors, these people in your life, probably mentors that they all die.


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[Assistant] This is a sad thing, but it's actually a happy thing in a way because you can remember them in their pure form. Uhm, I think that the mentors that we all meet sort of, uh, humanize us. You know, we get older, you're all freaked out, whatever. The mentors calm us down and, uh, I'm grateful for my mentors and I'm sure all of you are too.


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[Assistant] Uhm, because the human thing is very hard when you're at MIT. The T doesn't stand for human, it stands for technology.


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[Assistant] And uh, so I made a lot of these types of things. Uh, I've been lucky to have been there before people made these kind of things. And so I made all this kind of stuff that messes with your eyes. I feel kind of bad about that.


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[Assistant] And the paradox is that for real excellent art, you want to be off the tree. So this is the sort of the complication I found.


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[Assistant] Uhm, so to get off the tree, I began to use my old computers. I took these to Tokyo in 2001 to make computer objects. This is a new way to type on my old color classic.


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[Assistant] So I wanted to play with Cheetos in some way. I wasn't sure where to go with this. I invented Cheeto Paint.


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[Assistant] Uhm, because I want to simplify them for you, because that's what this is about, I have to simplify this thing.


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[Assistant] This book I wrote because I wanted to figure out life. I love life. I love being alive. I like to see things. And so life is a big question, I think, in simplicity, because you're trying to simplify your life.


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[Assistant] And uhm, if you have your vision, the vision is interesting, as you age from infant, uh, uh, age, uh, your vision gets better and maybe in your late teens, early twenties, you're looking for a mate and your sort of vision goes after that. It's probably good.


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[Assistant] C9 keep the breathing room and they slow that momentum down after hemorrhaging with a few, few too many rounds in their, their thought. So now they have vanity still watching the flank. B push here to come in with this little bit of a death ball, but always you till first here to feed Oxy.


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[Assistant] Nice one-way delay. We saw how effective this was when Vanity used it on defense.


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[Assistant] But you can add a few to Mimi's classic stat there that she wants to check out for this after the bundles came out. What in the world?


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[Assistant] Slow work towards mid. Could reset something here for C9 if Moose can get good positioning. He will get hit by turret, but maybe that activation on turret draws enough attention away for just a moment. Too far from it. All of it recalled as well.


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[Assistant] Uh, they've reset their timing too. Just turning around.


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[Assistant] Definitely having to call an audible on a few of these rounds but never fully feeling pressured I feel. C9 looking like they've been in control here the first few rounds coming off of the fact that MIBR gets pistol but they have an answer. They understand that the shelf life of each thing they've seen from MIBR is only going to be a few rounds.


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[Assistant] Alright, it might be our time out. They're gonna talk about the next strat that will boggle the mind of vanity.


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[Assistant] As it were. The Guardian's there for uh, MIBR. As well as a Vandal and two Bulldogs. Ultimates to be used. A lot of times we'll see a coach come in when those ults can change the round. You can go at your opponent's throat for one and make sure you have the advantages necessary to start locking in that momentum again.


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[Assistant] I don't know, sea lion, sea lion, I'm not going to worry too much. They should probably just play their own game here. Get the site alt down. Nobody really on deck to grab an orb, so they're going to be always moving forward. It's not just denying those orbs.


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[Assistant] We take those every day. And Zepa as well. A lot of damage.


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[Assistant] A little plant, a little plant to see if anybody peeks.


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[Assistant] Zappa going real far for that one before they go for another one. Locked down in and they'll get a nice land on this. 12 seconds left.


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[Assistant] We're coming up to that other score. We said last time, uh, MIBR had this on Icebox against G2, it was 13-9. Coming very close to that as they start to bring a few more ultimates in that could matter. Check this replay one more time.


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[Assistant] That or a few seconds after when they might start trolling through the smoke. So just playing off the fundamentals right now. And MFBR is finding these first few frags to get them through the round. A nice retake puts us at 12 to 8. No Vipers picked to deny C9 from B long control this time. Right back to it to see if that's where they can find their first fight and map control.


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[Assistant] Way less of a flank watch too here. There's nobody on the backside. This could give MBR a lot of room, but they've been so timid. C9 doesn't even need that flank anymore. They're going for just the win.


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[Assistant] Rest back too, get the weapon online, save a bit of the econ, and get it rollin'! Oh my gosh, the fact that that wall just solidified on the chunk that they were defusing, I think... Oh my gosh.


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[Assistant] And then had to creep in, nicely played. I mean, you said it about the Guardians earlier. I think it's kind of, it's kind of true. They are crispy with the Guardians on the side of MIBR. Bazooka popping off back in the coaches area. Feeling good on that one.


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[Assistant] And MIBR gather another round at B. They seem comfortable there throughout the, uh, the map so far. This is going to force a C9 timeout now. Their last one. See what Emi can get.


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[Assistant] Into the head of the teams, what they might be dealing with, what he's seeing that may, they may not, and if he's hearing something that he wants to change, they can fix that all right now. Still got a lot of room to work with, three rounds.


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[Assistant] No, okay, they're just going 2-1-2 in a different sort though. So they actually move artsy off of that A site. Now, oxy to the tube.


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[Assistant] C9 is very aggressive to start here and get MITR's utility off the map.


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[Assistant] Oh, if only he had the banana cliff, it wasn't enough though. A defuse comes in 12 to 10 now for MIBR. What a good push there, getting themselves in almost a one to one there, a one and one.


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[Assistant] And keep it going. Valiant attempt there to close out the game by Moose, but we go again.


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[Assistant] On that last round, round 24 now possible OT here. If MIBR can hold that defense strong once again.


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[Assistant] No, Chloe, I'm not secretly married. I swear to God, on all my kids and daddy. Okay.


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[Assistant] I think the longer it goes on without really expressing her feelings can be very alienating and lonely.


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[Assistant] In the previous lessons, we've seen how we can use the ginger markup in order to insert bits of Python code into the HTML template.


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[Assistant] Now in this lesson, I want to demystify some of the other markup like the curly brace percentage sign and some of these keywords.


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[Assistant] Now what we've been able to do with this markup is to specify single line expressions in Python.


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[Assistant] But what if we wanted to create multi-line statements, like an if statement or a for loop?


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[Assistant] Well, we would have to use some slightly different markup.


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[Assistant] I'm going to go ahead and create a new HTML file, which I'll call blog. And this will have the title of blog.


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[Assistant] And in the body, what I wanna do is to render all the titles of all the blogs I have.


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[Assistant] Now in order to get hold of some data for our blogs, we're going to use a service called Endpoint. And this is a really neat service which just acts as a JSON storage bin.


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[Assistant] So basically you can create your own API with your own JSON data and you don't even have to log in. It's as simple as clicking on create JSON bin.


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[Assistant] And then here you can create some keys, some values or a list of values. And once you've done that, you can go ahead and access this bin at this particular API.


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[Assistant] And you can see it sends you that JSON back. So you can update anything in here.


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[Assistant] And you can get that data coming back to you via this API.


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[Assistant] That means that I could create some blog posts where each blog post has an ID, a title, a subtitle and body. And I've only got three blog posts in my list.


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[Assistant] But you can now use this as if it were an API simply by heading to this address, which you'll find in the course resources.


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[Assistant] Now what we're going to do is we're going to pull down these blog posts as if it was an API.


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[Assistant] We're going to try and display all of the titles and all of the subtitles inside our server.py.


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[Assistant] If we go ahead and set up a new app dot route, and this route is going to be forward slash blog.


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[Assistant] Then here we're going to create a blog function.


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[Assistant] Which is going to fetch all the blogs from this URL.


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[Assistant] So I'm going to copy the URL of my API and you can do that in the course resources. And then we're going to put this as the blog URL.


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[Assistant] Now I'm going to use request.get to get hold of the data at that URL.


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[Assistant] And then I can tap into the data by saying response.json and this will give me all of the blog posts. So we'll call that all posts.


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[Assistant] All the posts under a keyword called posts like this.


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[Assistant] So I've fetched all of those posts, I've parsed it into a variable called allPosts, and I'm sending that value over to the blog.html under the name posts.


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[Assistant] So now going to my blog.html, I should be able to catch that posts. And if we were just writing Python straight away, then we would be able to say something like for blog post in posts.


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[Assistant] Let's go ahead and create an h1 where we have the blog post title.


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[Assistant] And it would in an ideal world loop through all the posts it received and for each of the blog posts.


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[Assistant] Render an H1 for the title and H2 for the subtitle.


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[Assistant] Now, in fact, using ginger, we can pretty much do exactly this, but we have to alter things a little bit.


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[Assistant] Firstly, when we have a multi-line statement, we're going to have to add a curly brace and then a percentage sign for each of the lines. So not just from the beginning to the end.


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[Assistant] But for each of the lines that's Python code that spans multi-lines, we have to enclose it inside this kind of markup. So notice the direction of the curly braces.


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[Assistant] Now inside the part where we insert into HTML elements, we can do just as we did before.


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[Assistant] Pass through the blog post and render it as a single line expression like this.


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[Assistant] But because we're working inside an HTML file, we also have to specify


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[Assistant] When our for loop actually ends. And that very end is also going to be enclosed inside one of these percentage curly brace. And there's a special keyword that comes from ginger, which is called


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[Assistant] End for, in order to specify the end of the for loop. We'll just have to add it in like this. Now, if we go ahead and hit save,


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[Assistant] And now if we run our code and try to bring up our blog website.


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[Assistant] You should see that it's pulled in all of the articles in our fake blog.


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[Assistant] The life of cactus. Top 15 things to do when you're bored.


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[Assistant] And Introduction to Intermittent Fasting. It's a really random blog that we're starting and it's created an H1 for each of the titles and an H2 for each of the subtitles.


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[Assistant] And it's done this without us having to parse out each of the titles, subtitles,


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[Assistant] We've actually been able to do all of that just with a for loop inside our template.


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[Assistant] All you have to do is to again enclose every line in the statement with curly brace percentage sign.


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[Assistant] And then at the very end of your block of code of your statement, you have to add the end if keyword as well.


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[Assistant] See if you can modify this so that we only print out the title for the blog post, which has an ID of two.


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[Assistant] In this case, all we have to do is add an if statement down here.


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[Assistant] We're going to say if the blog post that we're currently looping on has an ID,


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[Assistant] But otherwise, we're not going to. All we have to do is add in the markup. So starting at the first if statement, we add the curly brace percentage sign.


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[Assistant] At the beginning and at the end, at the very end of the if statement, we add the curly brace percentage and that keyword end if to say that this is the end of the if statement.


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[Assistant] So now if we hit save and we go back to our blog,


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[Assistant] You can see that it's only going to show the second article, the one with ID of two.


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[Assistant] Let's go. Hurry. Out the door. I'm her mom. Of course we're gonna do something.


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[Assistant] You look cute. Thank you. So... I'm very comfortable. I cannot get that.


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[Assistant] They said because I knew she lived in Calabasas and I knew she was the love of my life and I didn't even know her like that but I just knew if I couldn't date her, be with her because she was with someone else that at least I could live by her.


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[Assistant] Oh, but he didn't say congratulations?


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[Assistant] We all want the best for you. We love that you're this happy. And we love Travis. But for Scott, it just wasn't meant to be, you know?


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[Assistant] But I'm just telling you from somebody else's perspective, all that really matters at the end of the day is the love that you show for the kids. And they feel like there's not one parent pitted against the other.


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[Assistant] Okay, we're gonna say a prayer. Okay, Dear Heavenly Father,


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[Assistant] We just ask that you put your angels around Kim today. Let her have confidence.


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[Assistant] And guidance and every single thing she's learned, please bring that to the front of her mind today so that she answers each and every question so easily. In Jesus' name we pray, amen. Amen.


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[Assistant] Alright, I love you. I'm gonna take my uhm, whatever this is to go. Okay. Alright? Good luck. I love you. Thank you. You're gonna be amazing. Thank you. Okay?


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[Assistant] We haven't been here since Keeping Up With The Kardashians. Do we even know what the show is called? Kardashians, I think. We were going to call it The Discs.


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[Assistant] No grandkids, but a few of my kids are gonna come over. They haven't seen the house at all.


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[Assistant] And I fall in love with their partners through the years. I mean, the first day we ever shot our show as a family, Scott was there.


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[Assistant] So, I think when stuff like this happens, it hurts all of us. If you want to come hang out, come hang out. And it isn't something where I really have invited anybody to a party. I mean, there's...


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[Assistant] Well I love you too. Courtney met her soulmate. That's gotta be hard for Scott to absorb. But I never expected him to be so angry and wound up over this. He just needs to grow up and be a little more mature. It's now, it's like tainted.


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[Assistant] This is such a big week for me. We're shooting promos today for our new show. I'm finally moving into my new house and it's my birthday. Hi. Hi. What's going on?


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[Assistant] I want nothing more than to see my daughter happy, but I also love Scott very much and we want Travis to feel really comfortable and to feel welcome. So, it's always some drama, isn't it?


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[Assistant] It's my birthday. Mine. It's my day. And I just gave myself the ultimate birthday present, which is a new house. And I can't wait to see everybody tonight and have a wonderful time.


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[Assistant] So, this is the theater. So good.


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[Assistant] Piano room bar. We're gonna have a chocolate cupboard.


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[Assistant] We're gonna sit down and get started with some appetizers. My favorite thing in the world is to be with my family. As time goes by, I realize I really want to spend more time with my kids whenever I can. We're all so busy, so crazy, and the days go by so fast, so this to me is heaven.


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[Assistant] I've just been working the whole time, so it doesn't even feel like home yet. And I don't know where everything is. Do you want, uhm, the chef to make you a snack? I'm making it myself. Just gotta chop up some cucumber. It's pretty easy. Okay. You go, girl. Be careful, cause I nicked myself the other day.


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[Assistant] Hey chef, do you want to cut this up for her? I'll do it mom, it's fine. Ah, someone's at the door.


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[Assistant] Hello. Hello. Hello. Candles cutting cucumber.


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[Assistant] Sometimes Scott can play a bit of a victim, and I feel like that's what's happening here right now. I just want everybody to be happy, but don't put me in the middle. I wasn't here for the birthday dinner, weren't you guys all together?


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[Assistant] Well these are Dior, these are so cute. I didn't even know they were Dior. I am in Miami with my friend Haley.


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[Assistant] Hey! We are on our way to see some friends and we're just gonna get some nice IV bags. It's just, it's what we consider a really fun day. Hey!


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[Assistant] And so, I am obsessed with health right now. It's like my number one priority, I'd say. To the point where like I'm like eating myself alive thinking about my health.


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[Assistant] I did though have a really, I'd say my recovery was harder than my COVID, which was really weird to me.


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[Assistant] And Scott was okay and stuff? Okay, good.


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[Assistant] Don't cucumbers have seeds? Oh yea, they're right here. I definitely am not a good cutter, so don't zoom in on me. I'm not professional whatsoever.


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[Assistant] That's cute. Let me see. That was so cute. My sister has a jewelry line. She made it for me. Of course she does.


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[Assistant] Where was the birthday dinner? You were there, at my house. That was the birthday dinner? So why wasn't I invited to that? We've already went over this, Scott.


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[Assistant] I will be done. Then you better step away from that hatch.


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[Assistant] Great, numbers are all over the place. How will I find the right code?


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[Assistant] I do care. That's why I was trying to make friends.


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[Assistant] Now to begin, all we need is a simple Flask application. You can either write this out from scratch for practice, or you can head over to the course resources and you can download this file as a zip file.


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[Assistant] Once you've unzipped it and open it in PyCharm, you should see a server.py file which contains all of the basic code.


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[Assistant] That is required to render Hello World onto the screen. So if we go ahead and just run this file and go to the local URL of our website, you should just be able to see Hello World.


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[Assistant] Now the next thing I want you to do is to create an HTML file, which you'll call index and inside this HTML file,


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[Assistant] We're going to give it a title of just my website and the more important part is going to occur in the body.


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[Assistant] For practice, go ahead and see if you can create an h1 that says hello world.


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[Assistant] Instead of returning just Hello World as text and render this index HTML onto the screen instead. Pause the video and see if you can complete this challenge.


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[Assistant] All right, so the first thing we had to do was to create an h1 that said, hello world.


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[Assistant] And once we've created our index.html we want to render it.


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[Assistant] As a template instead of just returning this text. So to do that, we're going to need this render template function at the top.


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[Assistant] So we're going to say render template and then the template we want to render is called index.html. But one thing you have to remember is that this file has to be inside a folder called templates because Flask has specific requirements for things like static files and templates.


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[Assistant] So now we should be ready to rerun our app so that it'll take into account the new files.


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[Assistant] And then go to our website and you should see this hello world is being rendered from our index dot HML.


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[Assistant] Now, one of the things you might be wondering is why is this a template? Why are we rendering a template when in fact what we're doing is just sending over an HTML file?


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[Assistant] Well, the HML files can actually act as a template as long as we know how to work with a templating language.


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[Assistant] The templating language that we're going to use is called Ginger, and this is specific for Python.


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[Assistant] It allows us to use some syntax like these curly braces, percentage signs or double curly braces in order to specify inside the HTML file, which parts should actually be evaluated as Python code. Let me show you something.


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[Assistant] We've already seen that just by putting this text in between the h1, we get this rendered as text in the h1. And if I go ahead and I wrote something like five times six, what would you expect our website to look like? Well, if I go ahead and hit save,


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[Assistant] And because we're in debug mode, then our server should allow us to refresh the page


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[Assistant] Now, however, if I go ahead and add two curly braces around this expression, then this now suddenly becomes evaluated as Python code.


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[Assistant] So let's hit save again and let's hit refresh. And you can see now instead of five asterisk six, I get 30. So this is actually being seen as Python code and the calculated outcome is being put into this H1.


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[Assistant] This is why this is known as a templating language because it means that we can have an HTML which acts as the template where the title doesn't change, the head doesn't change, the styling doesn't change.


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[Assistant] And only the parts which we specify inside these curly braces actually get evaluated as Python code and inserted into the template.


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[Assistant] I'm going to add back the hello world inside an H1.


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[Assistant] And also our Python expression inside this ginger markup so that you can see both versions.


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[Assistant] The next thing I want to do is what if I wanted to generate a random number?


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[Assistant] Let's say I was to create an H3 and inside here I wanted to generate a random number. How would I do that?


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[Assistant] Well, when we're working with something that requires an import, for example, to get a random number, we're going to need to import the random module, then it's best to write our code inside our Python server.


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[Assistant] Let me show you how this works. Let's go ahead and import random.


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[Assistant] So that we can generate a random number. And I'm gonna do that inside this home function.


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[Assistant] Now, in this case, I'm just gonna generate a random number between 1 and 10.


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[Assistant] But the most important thing is I want to be able to send this random number over to my index.html and incorporate it into this template when I render it.


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[Assistant] So what I can do after the first parameter, which is the name of the template file,


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[Assistant] If we take a look at this render template, you can see that after the name of the template, the next parameter has the double star context. This is basically the same as when you see the double star


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[Assistant] Keyword arguments or quarks. Basically it says that you can add as many keyword arguments as you want. And each of these keyword arguments need to have a name for the variable and a value for the variable. And the reason why they need to have a name and value is because we can refer to that variable by its name,


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[Assistant] If I go ahead and send over a variable, which I'll call num,


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[Assistant] And then set it equal to this random number we've generated here.


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[Assistant] Well now, once this template gets rendered, it's going to pass over this variable with this name and with this value.


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[Assistant] So now in our index or HTML, I can tap into that variable name, which is num, and I can insert it using these double curly braces into the position that I want it to be. So that's going to go inside that h3. And now if I hit save and go ahead and refresh my website, you can see I've got this random number and then a number show up.


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[Assistant] And every time I hit refresh, you can see that number changes to a different random number between one and 10.


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[Assistant] So we've seen how we can render an HTML file just by using rendered template, but we've also seen that inside the template we can use these double curly braces in order to create single lines of Python expressions, which can be evaluated.


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[Assistant] Now we've also seen that we can pass over any variable we desire


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[Assistant] As keyword arguments after the name of the template. So now I've got a challenge for you.


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[Assistant] On a lot of websites, for example, if you go to the Jinjo website, which you'll find in the course resources and you scroll to the very bottom, there's usually a line of copyright text. So it'll say copyright and the current year and then the name of the creator or the company.


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[Assistant] Now that year is supposed to be the current year to say that this website's copyright is valid in this current year. But very often.


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[Assistant] Even Ginger Included, they don't actually update their footer because it's probably just some hard-coded text, as you can see right here.


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[Assistant] Now, this is something that annoys a lot of web developers and web designers.


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[Assistant] And they're outraged by the idea that people would have just some plain text as their copyright.


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[Assistant] We're programmers, right? We should be able to update our footer dynamically by using code. And this is a website which has


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[Assistant] A pretty much a sort of campaign against websites with outdated footers.


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[Assistant] And if you take a look at their footer, you can see that this is not just a piece of plain text. This is actually a script using JavaScript to work out the value of the current year. And so it's always going to be up to date no matter what year it is.


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[Assistant] So we also want to have a dynamic footer year.


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[Assistant] But we're not going to be doing it with JavaScript and definitely not with PHP. We're going to be doing it with Python. So this is the challenge for you.


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[Assistant] Using what you've learned in this lesson, see if you can create a footer element. So we can put it inside a footer tag like this. And inside this footer tag, I want you to create a paragraph element.


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[Assistant] That can say any piece of text as long as it contains the copyright year which should be the current year worked out programmatically using Python.


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[Assistant] Pause the video and have a think about how you might solve that challenge.


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[Assistant] Alright, so the first thing we're going to do is create our paragraph and we're going to say something like,


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[Assistant] Copyright and then the year, and then we're going to say, um, something like built by


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[Assistant] This is a pretty common footer. Now what we want to do is we want to replace these y, y, y, y, y's with the actual year.


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[Assistant] So as you can imagine, I'm going to be using these double curly braces to insert the year into here. But first I have to generate that. So going back to our server.py,


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[Assistant] I'm going to import the date time module, which you've used many times before to generate the current date and time.


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[Assistant] And we're going to use it specifically this time though, to generate the current year.


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[Assistant] And it's going to be done using the datetime module, the datetime class. And then we're going to call the now method in order to get the current datetime. And then we're going to tap into the year property.


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[Assistant] So now in addition to passing over that random number as num, I'm also going to pass over a new variable with the name of year.


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[Assistant] And the value of the current year that we just worked out from here.


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[Assistant] So now when this template is rendered, it's also going to receive a variable called year, which we can insert right here into the copyright like that.


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[Assistant] So now if I go ahead and hit save, go back to our website.


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[Assistant] Hit refresh, you can see our footer show up, copyright 2020, which is the current year I'm living in and it has the rest of the text. So now no matter which year it is, we will never need to update our footer ever again because it's being automatically updated using code.


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[Assistant] Let me show you where I'm picking his up. Tomorrow.


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[Assistant] I think sometimes people are kinda bashful to be super dads. Everybody wants to be like a cool dad and sometimes you just gotta like, wear the fire hat. You know what I mean? Sometimes you gotta wear the Easter Bunny costume.


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[Assistant] Chapter 14 The Hound of the Baskervilles


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[Assistant] One of Sherlock Holmes' defects, if indeed one may call it a defect, was that he was exceedingly loath to communicate his full plans to any other person until the instant of their fulfilment.


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[Assistant] Partly it came, no doubt, from his own masterful nature, which loved to dominate and surprise those who were around him.


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[Assistant] Partly also from his professional caution, which urged him never to take any chances.


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[Assistant] The result, however, was very trying for those who were acting as his agents and assistants.


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[Assistant] I had often suffered under it, but never more so than during that long drive in the darkness. The great ordeal was in front of us


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[Assistant] At last we were about to make our final effort, and yet Holmes had said nothing, and I could only surmise what his course of action would be.


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[Assistant] My nerves thrilled with anticipation when at last the cold wind upon our faces and the dark void spaces on either side of the narrow road told me that we were back upon the moor once again.


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[Assistant] Every stride of the horses and every turn of the wheels was taking us nearer to our supreme adventure.


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[Assistant] Our conversation was hampered by the presence of the driver of the hired wagonette, so that we were forced to talk on trivial matters when our nerves were tense with emotion and anticipation.


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[Assistant] It was a relief to me, after that unnatural restraint, when we were at last past Franklin's house, and knew that we were drawing near to the hall, and to the scene of action.


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[Assistant] We did not drive up to the door, but got down near the gate of the avenue.


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[Assistant] The wagonette was paid off, and ordered to return to Coombe Tracey forthwith, while we started to walk to Merripit House.


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[Assistant] The little detective smiled. As long as I have my trousers, I have a hip pocket, and as long as I have my hip pocket, I have something in it.


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[Assistant] Good. My friend and I are also ready for emergencies.


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[Assistant] You're mighty close about this affair, Mr. Holmes. What's the game now? A waiting game.


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[Assistant] My word! It does not seem a very cheerful place," said the detective, with a shiver, glancing round him at the gloomy slopes of the hill and at the huge lake of fog which lay over the Grimpen Mire.


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[Assistant] That is Merripit House, and the end of our journey.


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[Assistant] I must request you to walk on tiptoe and not talk above a whisper.


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[Assistant] We moved cautiously along the track as if we were bound for the house, but Holmes halted us when we were about two hundred yards from it.


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[Assistant] This will do," said he. These rocks upon the right make an admirable screen. We're to wait here? Yes, we shall make our little ambush here.


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[Assistant] Get into this hollow, Lestrade. You have been inside the house, have you not, Watson? Can you tell the position of the rooms? What are those latticed windows at this end? I think they are the kitchen windows. And the one beyond, which shines so brightly? That is certainly the dining-room.


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[Assistant] The blinds are up. You know the lie of the land best. Creep forward quietly and see what they are doing.


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[Assistant] But for heaven's sake, don't let them know that they are watched.


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[Assistant] I tipped her down the path and stooped behind the low wall which surrounded the stunted orchard.


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[Assistant] Creeping in its shadow, I reached a point whence I could look straight through the uncurtained window.


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[Assistant] There were only two men in the room, Sir Henry and Stapleton.


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[Assistant] They sat with their profiles toward me on either side of the round table.


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[Assistant] Both of them were smoking cigars and coffee and wine were in front of them.


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[Assistant] Stapleton was talking with animation, but the baronet looked pale and distray. Perhaps the thought of that lonely walk across the ill-omined moor was weighing heavily upon his mind.


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[Assistant] As I watched them Stapleton rose and left the room.


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[Assistant] While Sir Henry filled his glass again and leaned back in his chair, puffing at his cigar.


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[Assistant] I heard the creak of a door and the crisp sound of boots upon the gravel.


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[Assistant] The steps passed along the path on the other side of the wall under which I crouched.


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[Assistant] Looking over, I saw the naturalist pause at the door of an outhouse in the corner of the orchard. A key turned in a lock,


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[Assistant] And as he passed in there was a curious scuffling noise from within.


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[Assistant] He was only a minute or so inside, and then I heard the key turn once more, and he passed me and re-entered the house.


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[Assistant] I saw him rejoin his guest, and I crept quietly back to where my companions were waiting to tell them what I had seen.


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[Assistant] You say, Watson, that the lady is not there? Holmes asked when I had finished my report. No.


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[Assistant] Where can she be, since there is no light in any other room except the kitchen? I cannot think where she is.


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[Assistant] I have said that over the great Grimpen Mire there hung a dense white fog. It was drifting slowly in our direction, and banked itself up like a wall on that side of us, low but thick and well defined.


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[Assistant] The moon shone on it, and it looked like a great shimmering ice-field, with the heads of the distant tors as rocks borne upon its surface.


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[Assistant] Holmes's face was turned towards it, and he muttered impatiently as he watched its sluggish drift. It's moving towards us, Watson. Is that serious? Very serious indeed.


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[Assistant] The one thing upon earth which could have disarranged my plans.


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[Assistant] He can't be very long now. It is already ten o'clock.


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[Assistant] Our success and even his life may depend upon his coming out before the fog is over the path.


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[Assistant] The night was clear and fine above us. The stars shone cold and bright, while a half-moon bathed the whole scene in a soft, uncertain light.


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[Assistant] Before us lay the dark bulk of the house, its serrated roof and bristling chimneys hard outlined against the silver-spangled sky.


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[Assistant] There only remained a lamp in the dining-room where the two men, the murderous host and the unconscious guest, still chatted over their cigars.


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[Assistant] Every minute that white woolly plain which covered one half of the moor was drifting closer and closer to the house.


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[Assistant] Already the first thin wisps of it were curling across the golden square of the lighted window.


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[Assistant] The father wall of the orchard was already invisible, and the trees were standing out of a swirl of a white vapour.


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[Assistant] As we watched it, the fog wreaths came crawling round both corners of the house and rolled slowly into one dense bank on which the upper floor and the roof floated like a strange ship upon a shadowy sea.


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[Assistant] Holmes struck his hand passionately upon the rock in front of us and stamped his feet in his impatience.


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[Assistant] If he isn't out in a quarter of an hour the path will be covered. In half an hour we won't be able to see our hands in front of us. Shall we move further back upon high ground? Yes, I think it would be as well.


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[Assistant] So as the fog bank flowed onward we fell back before it until we were half a mile from the house, and still that dense white sea, with the moon silvering its upper edge, swept slowly and inexorably on.


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[Assistant] We are going too far," said Holmes. We dare not take the chance of his being overtaken before he can reach us.


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[Assistant] At all costs we must hold our ground where we are.


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[Assistant] Crouching among the stones, we stared intently at the silver-tipped bank in front of us.


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[Assistant] The steps grew louder, and through the fog as through a curtain there stepped the man whom we were awaiting.


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[Assistant] He looked around him in surprise as he emerged into the clear starlit night.


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[Assistant] Then he came swiftly along the path, passed close to where we lay, and went on up the long slope behind us.


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[Assistant] As he walked he glanced continually over either shoulder, like a man who is ill at ease


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[Assistant] Hissed, cried Holmes, and I heard the sharp click of a cocking pistol. Look out, it's coming.


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[Assistant] There was a thin, crisp continuous patter from somewhere in the heart of that crawling bank.


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[Assistant] The cloud was within fifty yards of where we lay, and we glared at it, all three uncertain what horror was about to break from the heart of it.


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[Assistant] I was at Holmes's elbow, and I glanced for an instant at his face. It was pale and exultant, his eyes shining brightly in the moonlight.


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[Assistant] But suddenly they started forward in a rigid fixed stare, and his lips parted in amazement.


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[Assistant] At the same instant the Strahd gave a yell of terror and threw himself face downward upon the ground.


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[Assistant] I sprang to my feet, my inert hand grasping my pistol, my mind paralysed by the dreadful shape which had sprung out upon us from the shadows of the fog.


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[Assistant] A hound it was, an enormous, coal-black hound, but not such a hound as mortal eyes have ever seen.


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[Assistant] Fire burst from its open mouth. Its eyes glowed with a smouldering glare. Its muzzle and hackles and dewlap were outlined in flickering flame.


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[Assistant] Never in the delirious dream of a disordered brain could anything more savage, more appalling, more hellish be conceived than that dark form and savage face which broke upon us out of the wall of fog.


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[Assistant] With long bounds the huge black creature was leaping down the track, following hard upon the footsteps of our friend.


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[Assistant] So paralysed were we by the apparition that we allowed him to pass before we had recovered our nerve. Then Holmes and I both fired together


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[Assistant] And the creature gave a hideous howl which showed that at one at least had hit him. He did not pause, however, but bounded onward.


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[Assistant] Far away on the path we saw Sir Henry looking back, his face white in the moonlight, his hands raised in horror, glaring helplessly at the frightful thing which was hunting him down.


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[Assistant] But that cry of pain from the hound had blown all our fears to the winds. If he was vulnerable, he was mortal, and if we could wound him, we could kill him.


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[Assistant] Never have I seen a man run as Holmes ran that night.


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[Assistant] I am reckoned fleet of foot, but he outpaced me as much as I outpaced the little professional.


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[Assistant] In front of us, as we flew up the track, we heard scream after scream from Sir Henry, and the deep roar of the hound.


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[Assistant] I was in time to see the beast spring upon its victim, hurl him to the ground, and worry at his throat.