[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now, after this, we actually need this break statement. And you will see why in a second. And now let's add the next case here. So, case Tuesday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So basically we're gonna do one for each day of the week here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So let's say, prepare theory videos.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And then another break. And I wish that preparing theory videos would only take one day, but it doesn't. Okay, so Wednesday is the next one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And actually we can do a nice little trick, which is to run the same code for two different values. So all we have to do is specify this case, and then we can specify another case right after it. So let's say first day here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so whatever we write here will then be executed for both Wednesday and Thursday. So without needing any logical operators as we would need with an if-else statement.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And actually we're going to translate this into an if-else statement after we're done here, so that we can analyze the difference. So let's say Wednesday and Thursday, I write code. Examples.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And here's a small bug, so it's a colon, as I was saying you. And then let's do, uh, Saturday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay. And then, oh, I actually am forgetting the breaks here. So break.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I will show you in a second what happens without the break. But anyway, to finish we can also set a default. And so the default is going to be executed if all the other cases fail. So default just like this. And then here we can simply say console.log.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Not a valid day. So basically we're using this for an invalid weekdays. It's basically like an else block at the end of a long if else statement. Okay, so let's now check out the results.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Indeed we get these two logs here, uh, from here. So from line 379 and 380, which are exactly these two lines of code. Then if I change it to, let's say,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Wednesday, Wednesday, like that, we get right code example and on Thursday,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It should yield the same result, because yeaah, we did this here for these two days.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now I guess I wrote something wrong. And actually it's here. Thursday. Right? But so you saw that actually, since this option here was nowhere to be found, we actually got to the default block, which is then not a valid day. But now we should get the right code examples.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now without a break here, and let me comment it out just for demonstration.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If we put this back to Monday, then let's see what happens if we load.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so now we get three outputs. We get this one and this one and this one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that's the one immediately after Tuesday. And this happens because without the break, the code simply continues executing. And it stops here because here we have the break. But if I remove this break as well, then it would continue down this, uh, this structure.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so after each block here, we need to tell it to stop, essentially.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so now it's fixed and it works just fine.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, great. That's how the switch statement works. And remember that this actually does a strict comparison. So it does it like this. Here it does


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If the day is equal to Monday, then execute this. If the day is equal to Tuesday, execute this. And so on and so forth.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So this was really designed for equality and not for, like, comparing stuff. It is technically possible to do that with some workarounds, but that's not the goal of the switch statement.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now just as a fun exercise and to get a better idea.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So basically, write code examples should be executed if the day is Wednesday or Thursday, right? So whenever the day is one of these two.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So it's impossible to be end, uh, Wednesday and Thursday. Because, well, two days cannot occur at the same time. So keep that in mind. And, uh, yeaah. Pause the video here and really try to do this one on your own.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, did you do it? Well, let me just quickly show you how it's done. So, remember that we're using strict comparison. So the triple equals. So if it's Monday,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then do this. And I will, uh, after finishing the structure, I will just go ahead and copy the console logs from up there. Then we need an else if. For the case, it's Tuesday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then we need another else if in case the day is...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Wednesday, or if the day is Thursday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And you see that we're writing quite a lot of repetitive code, especially always the day and then the triple equals.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that's what the switch statement kind of tries to avoid. So else if, and then if the day is equal to Friday.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In case that we have an invalid day. So let's grab these here and note that in this case, we of course don't need to break because JavaScript will only execute one of these blocks.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And finally, Monday, these two activities.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay. Give it a save, and now I'm gonna reload here. And so now we should expect the same result here, but twice. Once coming from the switch statement, and once from this big, uh, if-else block. Yeah. And indeed, it works just the same. Let's just try another one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's say Friday. Just to make sure. And yeaah.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The result is the same, and so this logic here, uh, does basically exactly the same.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As this. We simply wrote it with a different syntax.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay. So with the switch statement, we have to write a little bit more code, but in my opinion, it's also a lot more readable, which means that this one is easier to understand if you just read the code. Here we have a lot of this repetitive code and all these curly braces, and it just looks a little bit weirder.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] At least that's my opinion, but of course everyone is different.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now the switch statement is actually becoming less and less used, but you should still know about it, because there is definitely still a place for it sometimes. And actually in this example, for instance, I would actually prefer to use the switch.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, but again, that's, uh, down to your personal preference and it's good that you start basically developing your own coding style into what you like the most.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So far, we have only used comparison operators to take decisions with if-else statements, right? But let's suppose we want to check if two values are actually equal instead of one being greater or less than the other. And for that, we have different equality operators.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So let's start again with an h variable and set it equal to 18. And I'm using h all the time because it's so easy to make simple calculations with it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So let's now create an if statement, which will log to the console that the person just became an adult, only if the age is exactly 18. So we can use an if statement, as we already know. And now to check if the age is exactly 18, we use the triple equal.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's now write a block of this if statement and then execute it. And then I will explain what happened here a little bit better.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now whenever our if block only has one line, we actually don't need the curly braces. Okay, so we don't need to create this block if we only have one line. So we can omit this and only write this one line of code. In this case,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, let's test this. And indeed, the result is that we see this string locked to the console. And if the value would be something else, for example 19, then h is no longer equal to 18, and so we shouldn't see this result. And indeed. But let's put it back to 18.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so how does this equality operator here actually work?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, just like the comparison operators, this operator will return a true or a false value. So a Boolean value. Only that in this case, true will only be the result of this operator in case that both sides are exactly the same. Alright, let's actually


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Show that result to you, and actually we can do that right here in the console. So if I say 18 equal equal equal to 18, this will be true. But if I say 18 equal equal equal to 19, it will be false.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so that's exactly what we used here as a condition in this if.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So don't confuse the assignment, which is just the single equal, with the comparison operator, which is this triple equal.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now, besides this triple equal, we also have a double equal. So the difference is that this one here with the three equals is called the strict equality operator. It's strict because it does not perform type coercion, and so it only returns true when both values are exactly the same.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] On the other hand, there's also the loose equality operator, which is only two equals, and the loose equality operator actually does type coercion. So let's see that here in the console again. So in this case, I can do 18, the string,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Equal equal 18 the number, and it will still give me true.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So again, the double equal does type coercion. So what this means is that this string here, this 18, will be converted to a number. And then the number 18 is the same as this number 18.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As I mentioned, the triple equal does not perform type coercion. And so let me show that to you. And so it's false because 18, the string is of course different than 18, the number. So it's not the same and JavaScript does not convert them for us. So let's try that also here in our code. And I'm just going to copy this one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So if I run this now, both these conditions should be true.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So 18 the number, which is the h right now, is equal to this 18 the number. Right? It's strictly equal. But it's also loosely equal.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So 18, the number, is of course also loosely equal to this 18. So let's run that. And indeed, we get a strict and a loose string printed to the console. But now, if we change this to 18, the string, well, what do you expect to happen then?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And indeed, only this line of code here is executed. So this one, which says loose here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As we see here. And so that's because of the result that I showed you earlier, which is that with the loose equality operator, 18 the string is the same as 18 the number, because 18 the string will be converted to 18 the number.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, I hope that's not too confusing for you. It is actually quite a confusing topic in JavaScript, because this loose equality operator, so this one here, is full of really weird rules and behaviors.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This means that if we use this one here, this can introduce many hard to find bugs into our code. So as a general rule for clean code, avoid the lose equality operator as much as you can. So when comparing values, always use strict equality with the three


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, equal signs as I showed you here. And that's the reason why I showed you this one first.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This is something that actually most JavaScript developers advise you to do, so it's a good rule for sure, even if we actually need type conversion. In that case, it's better to convert the value manually before the comparison than relying on the double equal operator.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So I'm always default to the triple equal operator and pretend that this one doesn't even exist.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, of course I still needed to show it to you, but from now on we will assume that it doesn't even exist.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Great. So let's do another example here, because I actually have some more great stuff to show you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And the first thing that I want to show you is that there is a pretty simple way of getting a value from any webpage. We can do that by using the prompt function. And again, we will learn what functions are in the next section, but this is how it works.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we just write prompt and then a string. And let's ask the user for his favorite number. So what's your favorite


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So let's see what happens when we load this now.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, we get this prompt window. And here we can input something and then hit return.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So basically all this here will create a value, in this case the number that I just inputted. But we need to store this value somewhere. So let's create a variable, uh, called favorite.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so it's in this favorite variable where the value that we put into that form will be stored. So let's take a look at that. Console.log. Favorite.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So 23 and you see that it now logs the value, but it's printed here in white. So remember that means that it is a string. Let me prove that to you by checking the type.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So by now we know how to always check the type, right? It's pretty simple. And so now we should see string.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Of course we have to give the number again. So 23 is the result, and it is indeed a string.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So now let's write some logic here to check if this is a great number, basically. So let's say if the favorite number is equal, and let's use this one first. So if the number is equal to 23,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 23 and we get this, uh, result. So again, why is that? Well, because we used the double equals here, which is the loose equality operator. And this one will do type coercion, right? So right now what we have here is basically 23, the string, which is this one here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Equal equal 23. And so this one will be converted to a number, and then the number 23 is of course equal to 23. However, if we use the triple equals, so the strict operator, then it should not work.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So 23 again, but we do not get that log. And by now you already understand why that is.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right? So remember how I said that we should always use this one. And so we now have to convert this string to a number. And we can actually wrap all of this into that number function that we used to convert.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Number and then we put all of this here, which is the one that will generate the string 23 and then we wrap that into the parenthesis to execute the number converter. And so right now, favorite is going to be a number. And so then this should be back to working because then.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] At this point, we have 23 equal 23. And so that of course,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, is true here. And so then this line of code will run.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So 23, and indeed, it does. And you see that it's also now pink, meaning that it's a number. And if I use something else...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then of course, this here is also false. So if I have 22 here, then this will of course be false, because they are different.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But this actually brings me to my next point, which is the next cool thing that I wanted to show you. And that is that we can actually add more condition to an if-else statement. So, so far we have only used if-else. However, we can also add an else-if.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And that works like this. So else, and then a new if.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, let's now do favorite equal to 7.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so what this will do is to first check if the number is 23 here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then if it's not, it will of course go to the next block, which is this one, and then it will check this condition. Well, if the number is seven now, then run this code. And then at the end, we can also add an else.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, if I put 7 now, we get 7 is also a cool number. And so that's our else if block here. So this second one here running. But now if I do something else that is neither 23 nor 7, then we go to that last else block here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, and we can actually keep adding more and more. So we can do this as long as we want. So we can do else if favorite triple equal nine, for example.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's simply grab this one here. Say 9 is also a cool number.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And then a number is not 23 or 7 or 9. Just to make it really complete. And so now if we use the 9,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we now have a way of not going immediately into the else block, uh, once the initial condition is false.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So if this one is false, it doesn't immediately go into the else block. There are now other conditions that can be checked one after the other. First, we check for 23, but if it's not 23, we check if it's 7.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If it's not 7, we check if it's 9, and if it's not 9, well, then the final else block will be executed. Okay?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I hope that makes sense. And we actually use this from time to time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay. And now to finish, there is also an operator for different. So we talked about equal, but of course there must also be an operator which does the opposite. And so that's the different operator. And so let's now check.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If the favorite is different from 23, so we use the exclamation mark and then the double equal, which is the strict version. And then there's also the loose version, which is this one. So with just one equal, but just as before, always use the strict version.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, if the number is not 23, we can log something like saying, why not the 23?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's try that. And let's use 9. So what do you think will happen when we use the number 9?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But then we also get this why not 23 message. And that's of course coming from this if block here. So nine is of course different from 23. And so this code here is being executed. But now if we actually use the 23.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then only this line of code is executed and this one here isn't. Because, uh, the favorite number is now equal to 23. And so of course it doesn't make sense to then execute this one here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So sometimes we need the different operator, and sometimes we need the equality operator. Just choose whatever you need to solve any particular problem. In both cases, just make sure to use the strict version of the operator.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm really not having a clear idea of what I wanna put up, but I've gotta make a decision.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I wanna combine the peas with prawns and celery cream. And do something like a cold soup.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Always feeling it in this kitchen, but yea, today's a bit of extra, extra pressure.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Just need to put my head down, bum up and get the dish done.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This week's all about survival, so the pressure's really on, and I was having a bit of a struggle at the start, but I've decided to go with an apple and celery cream. I think it'll pair well with the prawns, and I'll use the peas more or less as a garnish.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I think it'll really work together, freshness and saltiness, it'll be delicious.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So it'll be a cold soup with prawns, uhm.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So the prawns will be in the center of the plate and then...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well, uh, I think it's a soup but I'll be serving it more or less like a sauce. Or a soup.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I think I've really hit the judges with a curveball here and they've got no idea what I'm doing. Good luck.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I really need to convince the judges of the flavour combinations in this dish, otherwise I could be the first one put into elimination today.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But I'm running out of time, so I'm gonna stick with my guns and go for it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So I've gotta put up a sauce that's full of flavour, cook these prawns perfectly, plate it up nicely, and hopefully that can see me through to the next round.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I taste my celery cream and hopefully there's enough flavour in there. I've gotta start plating up.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] My plating is very simple and I'm really worried that the only pea element on my plate is fresh peas. But I know my prawns are cooked perfectly.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Just need to convince the judges about the flavor combination. I think it'll really work together. Freshness and saltiness. It'll be delicious.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It wasn't my best day in the kitchen. I'm really worried about the flavors in the celery cream.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I really feel at the moment that I could be first head on the chopping block.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] First up for elimination. It's pretty gut wrenching.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm just gonna have to really focus now and come back fighting.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Absolutely right. So, should be a good challenge. Kristen, what are you making?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm sorry, you're in the elimination at the end of the week.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Good morning. Morning. Sashi, Chloe, Samira, you have survived every cook so far this week. And put up some cracking dishes. Kept yourself in the running.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For the surprise 10 year superpower.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Chloe, are you gonna win the Superpower?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Sashi, here's some facts for you. You've won two immunity pins. Yes. You haven't cooked in a pressure test or in an elimination yet.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You've had your food tasted more than any other contestant.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Marking yourself down as the man to beat. I'm pretty shocked actually. Are you gonna add the superpower to your tally of successes?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Good luck to each of you. By the end of today, one of you is going to join the other contestants up there in black. You'll be in the elimination at the end of the week.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Love ricotta, could do a lot. I don't mind a pasta with the ricotta and you've got some other flavourings on here you can use.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hoping one of you is gonna go on this one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know what I think you've got to do, because you're looking at this a little one-dimensionally, you've got to think about how you can really make this ravioli very, very tasty.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] All delicious but she has less time and she's running around like the proverbial blue arsed fly.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Ah, the decisions that you have to make in this kitchen on the fly, it defines you. And in this challenge you had to decide whether you wanted the ingredients or the time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The maker of the least impressive dish will find themselves in the elimination at the end of the week. First up is Samira.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's weird, isn't it? It's just weird. I'm actually just trying to think of any anchovy and blue cheese combinations that I've done in 30 odd years and I can't think of any. Never.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's an odd combination of flavors where what it does is it kills either the anchovy or the blue cheese, whichever way you want to look at it. In its simplest form, if you just made


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is that coconut biscuit? Yes, that's awesome. I think if you're going to use anything that's, you know, tinned, fruits are good.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Way to go, particularly lychee's. So I think you've been quite clever. All the flavours work very well together and I think the sorbet, it's quite good.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I thought you'd go with something kinda more hearty, more chunky. Even just roast beetroot. I should've.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Wow, already looking at this, it's not a normal week in the kitchen, is it? So many people dressed in black and just the three of you trying to keep yourself safe and fight for that superpower at the end of this week.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] One person, put together, we think, a dish with great flavours, lovely textures.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What you picked out of those tinned ingredients and dairy pantry all worked. Well done.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, Samira Chloe, who's safe, who's not, it comes down to the two of you.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Samir, a little change of direction. I'm putting too many ingredients together in one dish, but there's two elements in there.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Anchovy and blue cheese, especially in that guys, in that ravioli, the way you put it together, really didn't work.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was really small and as Matt pointed out, where was the central element that pulled it all together? But what was there?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] At least made sense and worked.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The flavours of beetroot and goat's cheese and little crispy leaves.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] All you can do is let out a sigh of relief because you are safe. Samira, I'm sorry, you're in the elimination at the end of the week.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You live to fight another day in pursuit of the superpower. See you tomorrow.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Samira, what have you cooked? Miso chicken breast, miso-roasted carrots, and miso jus.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm using pepper. It's my favorite ingredient. I love pepper. And I'm making pepper crusted. I fill it with a parsley puree, some pepper and parmesan crusted brussels sprouts.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uhm, I've got the pasty puree on the go, the juice on the go, uhm, I'm just about to get onto the eye filler.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] All my elements are ready and it looks delicious. My eye field is looking good on the outside, but I will not know what it's like inside until the judges cut into it. But I feel confident it's medium rare.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's a massive gamble today. You're trading time for ingredients and dairy and canned ingredients are so not what I think of when I think of Sashis cooking. You know, he's full of fresh flavours, lots of herbs and spices. I'm absolutely thrilled for Chloe. She's got some beetroots. I think it's really clever that she's making a dish with ingredients she loves.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Samira seems a bit unsure about her sauce. She keeps tasting and adjusting. I just hope she can come up with some way to make sure it tastes delicious.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Samira's searching for ways to make it more flavourful. She's got anchovies, gorgonzola, not a flavour combination that comes to mind. I just hope it all works together.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Chloe's dish is looking really pretty and delicate. She's got bits of goat's cheese mousse and all the little elements of beetroot. Chloe, make sure you're tasting everything together, yeah? Listen up everyone!


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[Assistant] It's now time for your final coding challenge in this section. And this one is going to allow you to assess whether you actually understood how the ternary operator works. So it's going to be really fun and actually really short. So let's do that now.


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[Assistant] And here it goes. So Steven wants to build a very simple tip calculator for whenever he goes eating in a restaurant.


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[Assistant] Now in his country, it's usual to tip 15% if the bill value is between 50 and 300. And if the value is different, so if it's not between this range between 50 and 300, then the tip is usually 20%.


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[Assistant] So your task is to calculate the tip depending on the bill value according to the rules that I just mentioned.


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[Assistant] And to do this, you will create a variable called tip, which is then going to store the tip value.


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[Assistant] And probably you should also create a bill variable, which is gonna hold the test data. So first, 275, then 40, and then, uh, 430. So you should test your bill calculator for these three bill values. Okay?


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[Assistant] Now what's important here is that it's not allowed to use an if-else statement. All right?


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[Assistant] Now, if it's easier for you, you can first do this calculation using an if-else statement and then convert that to a ternary operator. But the final solution should not contain the if-else statement. Okay?


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[Assistant] Once you have that calculated, print a string to the console, which will contain the initial bill value, the tip value and also the final value. So that's going to be the bill plus the tip. And as an example, for example, when the bill is 275, the output string will be like this. Okay.


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[Assistant] So, once more I hope you managed to do this, and actually I have two hints to help you solving this. But if you want to try this on your own, without the hints, then just pause the video right now. But if you actually need the hints, then, well, here they go.


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[Assistant] So to calculate, for example, 20% of a value, all you need to do is to multiply the value by 20 divided by 100, which is 0.2.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So multiply it. Okay. So that's how you calculate the percentage of a value, which you need here, uh, for these rules. So 15% and 20%.


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[Assistant] Now, as a second hint, to check whether the value is between 50 and 300, you do, uh, basically this, uh, comparison.


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[Assistant] It needs to be greater or equal than 50, and it needs to be less or equal 300. That's what it means to be between 50 and 300.


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[Assistant] Okay. And with these two hints and the knowledge from the last lecture, I really hope that you manage to implement this simple tip calculator. So pause the video now and I see you in a second.


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[Assistant] Okay, so I hope you successfully did that. And so, let's try to solve it now together.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Or actually let me show you my solution so that you can see how it compares with yours. And as always, you can also find my solution in the final folder in the GitHub repository. Okay.


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[Assistant] Now actually let's start with the, uh, bill variable, which I'm going to set to 275, which is here the first test value.


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[Assistant] And now, the tip, and let's calculate it using the ternary operator.


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[Assistant] So, let's implement this rule, which is if the value is between 50 and 300, then the tip should be 15% of the bill value.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And again, that's what it means for the bill value to be between 300 and 50. It's gonna be less or equal 300, and at the same time, greater or equal than 50.


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[Assistant] So 40, for example, is of course less than 300, but it's also less than 50. And so this part here will then be false, and so this entire expression here


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[Assistant] Which is then true and false will be false as well.


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[Assistant] Right? So in this case, the tip here will be the bill value.


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[Assistant] Give it a save, and that's actually it. So that's number one.


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[Assistant] And now as number two, let's, uh, lock this string to the console as is requested here in number two. So let's actually grab this template here. So then we just have to replace the values. And so since we're building a string, we are again relying on the template literal. So here we're going to put the bill value.


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[Assistant] And we're missing the curly braces. And here the total value is gonna be...


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[Assistant] The bell plus the tip. So we can, as you already know, write an expression here using this operator. So the plus operator.


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[Assistant] And that's actually it. So let's try it. And with this bill value, the output should actually be exactly like it's written up there.


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[Assistant] And it is. So 275, the tip is 41.25. So just like here. And the total value is 316.25. Great. And just to understand this one, so this condition a little bit better, let's just take this one and paste it here into the console.


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[Assistant] And so we see that this one is true. And of course that's because 275 is less than 300 and more than 50. So it is between this range. And therefore this part of the ternary operator here will be executed and become the result of this operator essentially. Right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So the result of this operator will be bill times 0.15 and that's the value that will then be assigned to the tip variable. Okay. Now let's try another one. So 40.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And now the tip was 8. Let's try this one here again.


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[Assistant] And now the condition is false. So remember that here in the console, we have access to all the variables that we have declared here. So if I write Bill now, you will see that it's actually 40.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, bill is obviously below 300, but it's also below


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[Assistant] So this part is false, and true and false gives false. And so in this case, the value that's gonna be assigned to tip is 40 times .2. And that's exactly 8. So, it's what we see here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, and now just for the sake of completion, let's do the last one as well.


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[Assistant] This should have worked as well, because now this one is false again. That's because this time 430 is above 300. And so 86 should be 430 times 0.2.


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[Assistant] Let's quickly check that. 0.2. And that's right. That's the 86 that we have up here.


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[Assistant] Great. So hopefully you did this. And once more, if you did it a little bit differently, that's not a problem at all. I just hope that you made it work. Okay?


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[Assistant] And actually this concludes the coding part of this section. There's just one more lecture left, which is going to be a deeper dive into JavaScript versions, especially into ES5 and ES6. So it's going to be an interesting one. And yeah, I'm waiting for you there.


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[Assistant] Today takes place over two rounds. In round one, you'll face off against each other.


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[Assistant] Come out victorious, you go into round two, we'll cook against a professional chef. Beat that chef.


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[Assistant] And a spot in finals week is yours. So what does round one hold for you?


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[Assistant] Over the years the garden has been the key to the success of so many great master chef dishes. And today it will determine your success in round one. Because other than a handful of staples, you can only use what is in this garden.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It sounds like a great side dish, but is it, is it a big dish? Is it a proper dish? Is it a full dish? That's a complete dish though. I just think, you know, when you come to eat it,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's a complete dish though. Just a bit of bread, because there's going to be a lot of...


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[Assistant] What you want to see now is in putting the dough hook up and getting some dough working, so you can literally just roll it out, bang it in the pan, last three minutes. If he doesn't get that bread on.


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[Assistant] Khan, congratulations, but you are still one cook away from what you really want. What you really need. That guaranteed place in finals week. Yep.


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[Assistant] Behind us are two pantries. One is sweet, and the other is savoury. You can choose whichever pantry you want. But you know what? Be careful what you wish for.


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[Assistant] Because your choice isn't just between sweet ingredients and savoury ingredients. It's also between two very talented chefs.


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[Assistant] They're two cooks that know this kitchen just as well as you do. Randall. Randall. Randall. Please welcome


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[Assistant] Matt Reynolds, fantastic to have you back in the kitchen. So many amazing memories of the food that you put up in this kitchen that provided, I think, an amazing backbone and foundation to where you are now.


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[Assistant] So, Reynolds, since you left MasterChef, you have had a meteoric career. Give us a list of...


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[Assistant] Singapore? Ah, Singapore. Kuala Lumpur?


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[Assistant] A restaurant that was notoriously hard to make work, a really tough space, and you've turned it into this absolute delicious monster in Sunshine Beach. Just coming up to your first anniversary.


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[Assistant] Amazing, isn't it? Absolutely amazing. Khan, you got skills, you're gonna need them.


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[Assistant] What a fantastic day. I mean, I think you can feel the energy and the joy in the house having both Reynolds and Matt back here and I personally think Khan did exactly the right thing in picking Matt. What do you reckon, George?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I think what's on the plate is great. There's a little bit of black vinegar in there. The sausage balances out and kind of works with the richness of the fish. The mushrooms are lovely and kind of juicy, slightly slippery. The radish is an occasional bit of texture rather than the flavor, which I think is a really wise call. It's a strong dish.


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[Assistant] Wow, wow, wow. I'm happy, I'm very happy. The whole idea of sausage and calamari, delicious. Lots of fresh herbs. And beautifully cooked.


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[Assistant] That sauce is spectacular, because I agree, it's spicy, but it's sour and it's a bittersweet and it's just that lovely kind of, there's waves of flavours that come through, like a great Thai sauce does.


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[Assistant] Can't we love that complex mushroom broth? 8 out of 10.


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[Assistant] So Khan, that means you have a score of 24 out of 30. Matt.


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[Assistant] I think what we're so excited is when we see someone like you that's come that far and we look at Khan and we think, Khan, you can go there too. It's so exciting for us. So Maddy, thank you so much for coming in.


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[Assistant] Ronald, doesn't matter where we go, whether it's Sydney, Chippendale, or whether it's maybe down here in Melbourne, we love what you and your brothers are doing now. It's inspirational to so many of our contestants, both past and present. Thank you so much for coming down. Thanks guys, appreciate it. Can't wait to see you guys soon.


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[Assistant] Let's give Matt and Reynolds massive round of applause for giving out their time. Back to the kitchens, boys.


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[Assistant] Hello English learners, welcome to EnglishPod, my name is Marco.


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[Assistant] We're bringing you a great elementary podcast today.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Exactly, it's one of those common foods that you're at home and you want to order something to eat. And the typical thing is pizza.


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[Assistant] Exactly. So, let's listen to this dialogue for the first time as a man is ordering pizza.


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[Assistant] Okay, let's take a look at some of the vocabulary in language takeaway.


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[Assistant] Okay, for those of us who use centimeters, this would be more or less 30 centimeters.


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[Assistant] Or isn't it sometimes called a family size?


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[Assistant] Okay, so large and medium pizzas. Now let's take a look at some of the ingredients.


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[Assistant] Okay, so, pepperoni is a sausage, right?


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[Assistant] Olives are little black or green balls.


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[Assistant] Yeah, exactly. It's very common for them to have, it's very common to have an, it's very common to have an olive in a martini.


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[Assistant] Okay, and he also ordered another strange ingredient for a pizza, pineapple. Pineapple. Pineapple.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Many people like pineapple on their pizza. It's a tropical fruit.


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[Assistant] Alright, now the last description of a pizza, he ordered it with thin crust.


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[Assistant] Alright, let's listen to our dialogue again and then we'll come back and talk a little bit more.


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[Assistant] Exactly, this is Marty, well don't use Marty, use your name. Alright, and you also mentioned a two for one special.


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[Assistant] Two for one special. So, that means you're getting two.


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[Assistant] Would you like? Now this is a great way to offer something.


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[Assistant] But it's less polite than would you like.


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[Assistant] So whenever you offer something, would you like a cup of coffee?


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[Assistant] Let's listen to our dialogue for the last time, and then we'll come back and talk about pizza from a pizza expert.


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[Assistant] Alright, we're back and we are here with our pizza expert, who else but Marco from ItalianPod. Hi everyone. Marco two, right? Marco one.


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[Assistant] So Margo, I know that uhm, that you are very much against having Pizza Hut pizza.


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[Assistant] Well, another interesting thing when we were eating pizza with Marco is that he noticed the way that people from different countries eat pizza.


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[Assistant] Alright, well, this whole pizza discussion, let's see what our listeners have to say about it. I know that we have listeners from all over the world, and what do they do with their pizzas?


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[Assistant] Alright, we better go, we're out of time and before Marco has a heart attack or an aneurysm or something, we're making him angry here. And if you have any questions for us and also for Marco because I'm sure he's gonna be commenting on this aspect.


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[Assistant] We'll see you there. Goodbye. Bye. Bye.


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[Assistant] Yeah, we're just about to hit the first anniversary of Some Young Guys, so the last 12 months has been an incredible learning curve, an amazing challenge, and yeah, already looking forward to what's next.


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[Assistant] I'm gonna make a, like a sour orange curry sauce. So a little bit of pumpkin there with some dried shrimps and bellachan and then just some lemongrass kappa. Nice fresh aromatics at the top. That's the plan. So quite a lot of flavour going on in there, but if I can harness them and use them wisely, I think I should be able to put something out pretty decent.


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[Assistant] Matt, is it good to be back in the kitchen? Yeah. It is. Five minutes ago, no? Yep.


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[Assistant] The first element that I'm going to be making today is the curry paste. So all of the classic ingredients, lemongrass, shallot, ginger, garlic, chilli, belacan, turmeric, lime leaves, lime peel, all into the blender. Lits all that up into a really nice fine paste.


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[Assistant] I've blitzed up the curry paste and I'm really happy with it. Smells unbelievable. And the colour is absolutely spot on. So I'm going to split that in two.


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[Assistant] After that I'll use to make the sour orange sauce and then the other half I'll use to season my sausage mix.


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[Assistant] Okay, so I've just got my sausage mix made. The pork mince and the curry paste have come together really, really nicely. Now it's time to roll it. So I get out a portion of the mince along some cling film and basically roll it up, drag it, tighten it, uh, and then seal off both ends. So then I can put it in the steamer and it's not going to fall apart.


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[Assistant] The three processes to cook the sausage today will be steaming, then smoking, and then pan frying. How you going up there, Reynolds? You're looking quite sweat free.


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[Assistant] What's going on, Matt? What are you doing there? I've just made a little stock out of some of the offcuts and the prawn heads. Uhm, gonna throw that in here, start to poach the aromatic paste that was in the sausage through the sauce. Combining the two together. Yeah, yeah. Take this one, make it a little bit more sour. Then I might even fry a few curry leaves over the top just for a bit of something different. Alright, we've got our work cut out.


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[Assistant] The sauce that I'm making is a sour orange curry sauce. There's some pretty serious flavours in there.


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[Assistant] There's always a fine line when it comes to working with spice. So the key thing for me today is showing that I can harness it. There's that cut off point where it could be deemed ridiculous. And there's that point where it's spot on. Double check Matt! There lies the uphill challenge. It's being able to put together a dish which is worthy of having that much spice.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The sausage is steamed and smoked and right now I've got my little pan set up with the sausage in there, just pan frying on a low heat and I'm happy just to let that tick away. I do want some nice colour and caramelisation on that.


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[Assistant] The squid plays a slightly neutralising ingredient in this dish.


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[Assistant] I'll keep it quite, quite simple. I'm not going to do anything to the squid. Just hit it nice and quick, high heat.


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[Assistant] As I'm plating this dish and I'm looking at it and I feel like I'm looking at my development over the past two years since leaving this kitchen and I feel like the grind has been worth it. One of the most enjoyable experiences I've had in this kitchen is finishing this dish right now.


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[Assistant] Unbelievable. Unbelievable. It's one thing to finish your cook and be really happy with the dish and feel like you've developed and la la la. Again, it means nothing if they're not on the same page.


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[Assistant] Smoked Thai sausage with char-grilled squid, curry leaf and sour orange.


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[Assistant] Wanna go into the kitchen today with a very open mindset. I wanna be able to do whatever they throw at me and just cook really delicious food.


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[Assistant] It's really exciting that it's Gary. I know he loves a lot of bold flavours. So hopefully you'll be able to pick him out in this dish.


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[Assistant] So far the ingredients that the other guys have chosen are ones that I can see from where I'm standing. So I'm gonna try my best to pick one of the ingredients that I can see.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The ingredients are all getting picked and it's becoming really minute what we can actually pick up in that touch scene.


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[Assistant] Knowing Gary, I know he does use French a lot, so it's a risk, but I think it's right.


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[Assistant] Like I like banana bread. You don't have to taste it.


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[Assistant] But I'm not the biggest fan of just normal basic banana.


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[Assistant] It's my turn to guess again, and the ingredients- Squishy, it's a bit weird. I can smell it, it's like a fish or something. Ugh.


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[Assistant] I know this is a fish, but I'm tossing it between salmon or tuna.


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[Assistant] I can't seem to taste the flavour but I'm trying to pick up the texture.


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[Assistant] As soon as I see Tuna, my heart completely sinks. It means now I'm in the third round of elimination.


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[Assistant] I definitely want to cook with the chicken and make like something savoury. I want to show the judges that I've learned a lot of new skills and that I can actually pack as much flavour into it as possible.


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[Assistant] The dish I'm gonna make today is a pan-roasted chicken thigh with a caramelised onion puree.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Some charred onions and some crispy potatoes and a chicken shoe.


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[Assistant] I want to add some crispy chicken skin because I think that's going to add a nice flavour to it. Place it into the oven. I need to keep a really close eye on it until it goes nice and golden brown.


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[Assistant] Then I start to caramelise that in a saucepan with some butter and some oil. I am prepared to give this cook 110%.


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[Assistant] Every little bit of energy and everything I've worked for in this competition, I want to put it into this book.


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[Assistant] It's got some nice saltiness and butteriness to it. I think it's gonna pair really well with the chicken.


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[Assistant] I'm gonna season the chicken thigh with olive oil and salt and put it into a hot pan to sear. I want the chicken thigh to be cooked through and still nice and moist and tender.


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[Assistant] I think I found, like, a way to pack flavour into savoury dishes, and I really want to do that today, because I know you guys slay boss.


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[Assistant] I'm gonna do a pan roasted chicken pie. Caramelised onion puree. Some charred onions. I definitely wanna work on a jus that will be nice and slated with the chicken. And some crispy potato skins. And I'm gonna work my parsley oil. Okay.


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[Assistant] So I'm gonna try my best to get most of the flavour out of the bones and into the water.


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[Assistant] I think everything's going well. The chicken's cooked perfectly. My juice is reducing down, my onion puree is done, so now I'm gonna work on a parsley oil. Come on Riz, keep moving.


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[Assistant] To make the parsley oil, I heat up the parsley in the oil and just blend it into like a bit of a puree. Then strain it through some muslin cloth.


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[Assistant] Yeah, I'm just gonna put a little bit more chicken fat into the stock. Just so it's packed with flavour, you know.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Chicken skin. I've completely forgotten about the chicken skin in the oven.


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[Assistant] I'm about to plate up and then I realise, oh no, I've completely forgotten about the chicken skin. Yavin.


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[Assistant] Everything on the line now. Now that I know, like I'm in the smallest inch of going, I realize it puts everything into perspective. Today was the first time that I felt I could lose something. Like I haven't, I haven't been scared by that before and


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I did a pan seared chicken thigh, caramelised onion puree, some charred onions, some crispy potato. I've got a chicken reduction and a parsley oil as well.


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[Assistant] Probably the most amazing thing of my life and this experience will always be my home ground and to be honest like I wouldn't change a single thing. I'm leaving very happy.


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[Assistant] This has honestly been the most incredible experience of my life.


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[Assistant] Chloe and I have made it to the final two for survival week and we're gonna fight it out for the superpower today.


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[Assistant] I'm preparing myself to get something really massive.


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[Assistant] Snappers are good white fish. They taste very well. So for my kind of cooking, I love snappers.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For my dessert, I'm looking at heroing some citrus fruit. So I'm getting some navel orange, mandarin orange, grapefruit.


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[Assistant] Today I'm making Tumeric Snapper with Beetroot Relish.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For the dessert, I'm making goat skirt with grapefruit sorbet.


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[Assistant] Pick a fresh ingredient. Uh, fresh ingredient is citrus. So I'm having a combination of, uh, lemon.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, grapefruit, mandarin and navel. Lovely. So are you going to make a couple of different components? Yes.


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[Assistant] Giving myself about an hour for my dessert prep, so I have enough time to finish up my main and my filleting of the dishes.


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[Assistant] The first element I'm making is my biscuit crumbs. They need to go into the freezer to be set before I can pour my goat's curd in them.


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[Assistant] My biscuit base is ready in the freezer. I'm starting out with my grapefruit sorbet.


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[Assistant] And it goes into the churner for at least 45 minutes.


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[Assistant] After I use my orange, I add some sugar and bring that juice into a nice syrup. I add some orange balsamic water.


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[Assistant] Let's add them into my goat skirt, cream and yogurt.


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[Assistant] Fold it in to incorporate all the flavors together.


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[Assistant] I have allocated enough time


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[Assistant] One hour is gone and I have two elements left in my dessert. I still need to do my orange jelly and my orange curd.


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[Assistant] I'm very stressed. I'll give myself one hour to finish up all my elements for my dessert and I'm losing time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The longer I take to finish my dessert, the less time I have for my main. And I have a lot of things to do for my main too.


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[Assistant] By myself, I'm cooking for 30 people. One main, one dessert.


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[Assistant] And I only got two and a half hours to come up with two dishes. This is massive. I'm running out of time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I still haven't finished my dessert elements. I'm doing all my dessert prep first as they need a lot of work.


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[Assistant] I think I have over committed myself. I really underestimate the time to make a dessert.


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[Assistant] 375 ml to about 4 grams of agar. Yep. And, uh, freeze them.


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[Assistant] Then, blitz them. Blitz it? Yep. So you get a gel consistency? Yes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Oh, so dangerous to put here like that.


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[Assistant] I am moving on with my last element. The sorbet is done. The gold skirt is done.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The biscuit base is done. My jelly is setting now. So what I'm doing is my orange curd.


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[Assistant] Then I slowly cook it down to a nice thick paste.


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[Assistant] But the time is not my friend. I'm getting stressed.


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[Assistant] I've gone over 30 minutes of my time, which I've allocated for my dessert.


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[Assistant] I got no time to relax. I need to push myself. I need to go quickly. I need to rush. I'm starting my main element now. I got a lot of things to do. I need to quickly catch up with everything.


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[Assistant] First thing, I'm starting with my beetroot relish because it needs to cook down for at least 40 to 45 minutes to be nice and soft. The clock is ticking away. I don't have the luxury of time now.


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[Assistant] Less than 45 minutes to go, diners are coming in. And I have not even started my fish. Let's move it, come on. I'm in deep trouble. How many have you got to do, Sashi? Five.


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[Assistant] I need to fillet the fish, I need to marinate them, I need to cook them.


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[Assistant] I'm working on a very tight time here. You gotta move it. I got so many fish to fillet. I don't know how I'm gonna do it but I have to do it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm so worried that I will not be able to make it. Nice fish fry. Beautiful. Yeah, they've got a very good filler this way.


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[Assistant] I'm cutting away the belly section because that's where the bones are. So that I don't have to worry about deboning the fish. I'm feeling really very stressed. I need to make sure everything is ready.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For the marinating of the fish, I'm putting turmeric, chili powder, cumin, salt, pepper, and some lime juice.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For my plating, I put in a nice dollop of beetroot relish with crunchy watercress.


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[Assistant] Oh, I'm feeling so relieved. I was so worried that I would not be able to make it on time.


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[Assistant] I managed to finish all my elements and my food is going out now.


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[Assistant] I need to send out 30 nice looking desserts. I take out my goat skirt.


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[Assistant] The goat skirt is not sitting nicely on the plate. Finding it hard, aren't you? Is it set or not?


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[Assistant] It doesn't look good on the plate. I'm getting really frustrated. Can't put up what I plan to put up. I don't have time for this. So I'm just doing away with the jelly.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It didn't set well. It's moving all over the place. I got no time to fix the sorbet. I have to get my dessert going out now.


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[Assistant] Leaving Jess, Chloe and Sashi heading to elimination. Tonight, a somber setting.


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[Assistant] You know the situation. At the end of the day, one of you is going home. We are all fighting for our place in the competition.


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[Assistant] Darling Jewer, nearly five hours of unrelenting pressure.


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[Assistant] Let's go. But. Have you checked all the measurements on this? No, uhm. Take their eyes off the prize. Shushy, shushy, shush.


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[Assistant] Their dreams could go up in flames. I don't know what I'm gonna do.


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[Assistant] To deliver food, that's to die for.


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[Assistant] I'm walking through the doors so I can see these big black screens surrounding the judges.


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[Assistant] Reinventions are always hard, but reinventing a TV dinner, especially make retro meat and three veg, I think this is going to be a very interesting challenge.


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[Assistant] I'm up against Jess. I know she's gonna pull out something really good. My dish is beef with gravy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Potatoes, corns and peas. As a nutritionist, I'm not really familiar with a TV dinner. I'm just going to basically fancy it up. So I want to do a red wine jus with like a Paris mash, some charry vegetables and just try and combine them all together. It's not really my thing to have peas and corn. I'm definitely not confident about a dish.


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[Assistant] But I honestly don't know what else I can do with these ingredients. This is definitely not the challenge for me.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Today I'm reinventing the beef with free veg and gravy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm just going to cook the beaks over a grill. I don't make an awful lot of gravies. My style of food is generally Southeast Asian, Middle Eastern, Mexican. This dish isn't me at all.


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[Assistant] Or can it just be a sauce of some kind? And that hits me. I don't need to make a gravy. I can make any sauce that I wish. Uhm, I'm going to completely change my idea.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] New plan, I'm completely changing my dish. I'm gonna start again.


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[Assistant] It's rock and roll. Uhm, I can't do this. I'm up against Jess. I'm reinventing the beef with free veg. And I'm freaking out. I'm going to completely change my idea. New plan. I'm gonna start again.


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[Assistant] I've wasted almost half of the cook, so I've really gotta get a wriggle on.


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[Assistant] The first thing I do is to get started on my chilli sauce. This is going to bring the whole dish together, kind of like the gravy. I blend in a small food processor and then I add it to a pan along with some vinegar, some salt and some sugar. I need to really just push it right now, um, you know, I've got no time, I'm really behind. Got some fire in my belly.


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[Assistant] I also need to mimic the potato element on that dish. So I'm mandolin' them into fine rounds, like a potato chip.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Asian salad is all about textures and they're gonna be a crunchy element on the dish.


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[Assistant] Reinventing a roast beef deer. I need this dish to have some sort of roasted element. Come on, Chloe. So I place a small amount of glutinous rice into a pan and roast it off until it's nice and golden brown. I then grind it to a fine powder.


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[Assistant] I am serving this beef raw and just slightly seat on the outside. It's a really tender cut of beef and it should just fall apart when eating.


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[Assistant] I just flipped. I was like, I can't do something.


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[Assistant] That isn't me again. I've gotta put something that I wanna eat. And I can include all those favours.


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[Assistant] I learned a valuable lesson today to go with my gut instinct and to go with dishes that I love. I can't believe that and all that chaos that I put up a dish that they really enjoyed.


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[Assistant] There's slightly soured cherries. Should always be on a parfait. It just seems to feel right. Now I'm going to stop talking and just eat a bit more.


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[Assistant] Tonight, a monster elimination, a legendary chef, Peter Gilmore!


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[Assistant] I'm gonna die. I'm completely petrified. It's a pressure test that will have them shaking in their boots.


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[Assistant] And Peter Gilmore. And then just give that a fire and mix through with the egg whites. With a dish that will make your mouth water.


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[Assistant] But they're not just here for moral support. They've all picked an ingredient. And it's a mystery box with a massive reward. Get a chance to win a ticket straight into finals week. With their loved ones watching on.


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[Assistant] The SnowEgg is an institution, like it is part of MasterChef history and now we get to make the last one because it's going into retirement. It's gonna be a big honour to make but at the same time I'm still scared.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Two and a half hours for three snow eggs, not one.


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[Assistant] I'm looking at the recipe right now and there are all elements that I know how to make. So I'm not too nervous, I was really nervous at the beginning.


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[Assistant] And when that cloche was lifted from the snow egg, I was totally freaking out. But I'm trying to channel that nervous energy into positive energy.


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[Assistant] The key to getting the texture of a granita like Peter Gilmore's is not over-reducing the syrup so that my sugar ratio is right, so it freezes well, so that it doesn't melt.


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[Assistant] I'm loving my meringue mixture. Now it's time to pipe them into my moulds. This will form dome halves so during plating I can assemble two half domes together to make egg shapes. Pipe the mixture so the mixture sits one centimetre to two centimetres above the surface of the mould. Okay.


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[Assistant] It's important the domes are big enough so that during plating I can scoop a hole out and add in the custard apple ice cream for a yummy surprise in the centre.


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[Assistant] And then I'll quickly pop them in the oven. Done. 200 degrees for about 7 minutes.


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[Assistant] My vanilla cream is in the oven. Next I get started on my guava puree.


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[Assistant] This will be rippled through the vanilla cream during later to make the guava fluid.


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[Assistant] Need to make sure that I end up with 100 grams of puree to have the right ratio with the vanilla cream.


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[Assistant] Chop up some strawberry guavas, add some sugar to it, into a boiling pot of water. Simmer very soft, about 10 minutes.


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[Assistant] I'm worried about my cream. I'm not getting it to that medium peak.


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[Assistant] But, I don't wanna overwhip it and have it split either, so I'm just gonna leave it the way it is.


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[Assistant] That's right. And we'll also learn some great phrases that you can use when you want to describe flights to your friends when you're talking to them.


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[Assistant] Well, we've got three words for you here in vocabulary preview all about flying.


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[Assistant] Alright, well, we'll hear how this word is used in the dialogue. Uhm, but another airplane word we hear a lot. Uhm, crew.


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[Assistant] Okay, imagine if you're driving in your car, uhm, and you're driving on a dirt road, like with many holes in it and everything. And rocks and everything. Yes. You're driving on that road and it would be really, really bumpy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Shaking a lot, exactly. So a bumpy ride is a trip where you move and shake a lot. It's kind of uncomfortable.


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[Assistant] Alright, all of these words you'll hear really, really often when you're flying. Uhm, and the first one we have for you is FASCIN.


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[Assistant] Now the pronunciation here is interesting.


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[Assistant] I know, so many words for bathroom. Uhm, a lavatory is a room with a toilet and sink only.


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[Assistant] Yes, or stow your luggage in the overhead bin.


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[Assistant] Mhmm. So this is a verb, uhm, meaning avoid doing.


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[Assistant] Alright, three phrases we have for you here. Uhm, the first one, remain seated.


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[Assistant] Now one of the reasons they had to remain seated was because they were going to go through a patch of rough air.


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[Assistant] Uhm, maybe a patch of strawberries.


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[Assistant] Yeah, and if you're going on vacation, you could suspend your subscription to the newspaper.


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[Assistant] Yeah, uhm, I know we all hear that like more people are killed in car accidents than, uh, flight accidents.


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[Assistant] So it's very, very safe. So yeah, I don't worry about the turbulence. Yeah, yeah. Knock on wood.


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[Assistant] Yeah, yeah, actually that's a really good point, cause actually when I was reading about light turbulence for this dialogue, I kept reading all these stories about these people who


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, and use this language to describe your flight.


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[Assistant] Yeah, Marco and I are always there, and actually, in fact, we have to go check the site now, so.


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[Assistant] Now, before continuing to learn JavaScript in this new section, we should first activate a special mode in JavaScript called strict mode.


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[Assistant] And here on my desktop I already have the folder for this Part 2 Fundamentals section. And for you, as I explained before, these starter files will come from the GitHub repository that I showed you at the beginning of the course.


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[Assistant] So use that github repository as your starter folder, or of course you can just copy that data somewhere else to your computer and work from there. Whatever works for you.


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[Assistant] Now I'm creating here a new VS Code window.


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[Assistant] So that's our new working folder. And this time we already have the script file here. And in the HTML file we see that the script is also already linked. So we don't have to do that this time. At this point I assume that you already know how to do that.


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[Assistant] So closing the sidebar here, and let's now get started in this new section. And as I said, let's start with strict mode. So strict mode is a special mode that we can activate in JavaScript, which makes it easier for us to write secure JavaScript code.


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[Assistant] And all we have to do to activate strict mode is to write this string at the beginning of the script. So use strict.


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[Assistant] And that's it. So with this, we activated strict mode for the entire script.


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[Assistant] Now what's important is that this line of code, so this statement here basically, has to be the very first statement in the script. So if we have any code before this, then strict mode will not be activated. Comments are allowed because JavaScript will just ignore them, but no code.


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[Assistant] Okay, now we actually can also activate strict mode only for a specific function or a specific block. But I don't really see the point in doing that. And so I always just use it at the beginning of each script.


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[Assistant] And so I believe that you should do the same. So always just put strict mode in the beginning of your scripts and like that, write more secure code.


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[Assistant] And with secure, I mean that strict mode makes it easier for us developers to avoid accidental errors. So basically it avoids us to introduce bugs into our code.


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[Assistant] And that's because of two reasons. First, strict mode forbids us to do certain things. And second, it will actually create visible errors for us in certain situations in which without strict mode, JavaScript would simply fail silently without letting us know that we did a mistake. Okay?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So again, first, strict mode forbids us to do certain things, and second, it creates visible errors in the developer console, where in other situations, JavaScript would just fail silently.


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[Assistant] Okay, but now to make this a bit more clear, let's actually see an example of one of the most important changes that strict mode introduces.


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[Assistant] And I'm using lead in both of them because I want to change them later. And actually this one not.


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[Assistant] So let's just use a const here, because remember, by default, we should always use const to avoid accidental errors. So basically there is a certain person which right now does not have a driver's license, but they just passed a test. That's why we have past test set to true.


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[Assistant] And now we want to write some logic so that when they pass the test, this variable here gets set to true. So we can say if pass.


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[Assistant] Test, right? Because this here is a boolean, uh, value. And so this condition will be either true or false. And then let's introduce a simple bug here. Okay. So this is a kind of hard to write variable name. And so let's pretend that we are writing it wrong here. So has driver.


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[Assistant] So, what I did here was to basically omit the S.


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[Assistant] So this letter here is not in this variable that I'm trying to change here to true.


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[Assistant] And again, that is an error that I'm making here on purpose, just to show you how strict mode can help us avoid a certain kind of error. Because doing this is actually more common than you might think. Okay?


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[Assistant] And now, then let's lock something to the console if the person has a driver's license. And so now we're actually gonna go back to writing it correctly. So if...


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[Assistant] Has drivers license. And so you see that now this one is exactly the same as VS Code highlights both.


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[Assistant] Drive. And now let's actually start by deactivating strict mode again, just so we see how this bug could affect our code. So I'm giving it a save. And then let's go.


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[Assistant] And open this index.html file.


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[Assistant] Now let's open up the console here. And again, I'm going to increase the text by hitting command plus a couple of times here.


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[Assistant] Okay. So let's reload here just to make sure that everything is working.


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[Assistant] And now what we see is that it didn't lock, I can drive to the console. Even though we attempted to set has drivers license to true here. And so we expected that drivers license being true should then lock, I can drive.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But it didn't work. And that's because of the mistake that I just introduced here on purpose for getting this S. So without the error, it should work. Right? But without it, it's not gonna work.


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[Assistant] And again, because basically here I set a new variable to true and not the original one. So this one is still false, and that's why here this logging does not happen. So now our program has a bug, which means that it has a mistake, and we would now go ahead and find that bug.


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[Assistant] But strict mode can actually help us with this. So let's turn it back on.


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[Assistant] Give it a save, and now try it again, and now we actually get an error.


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[Assistant] So here we see that HasDriverLicense is not defined. So in line number 6, which is right here. And so this error message now tells us exactly what is wrong. So it tells us that this variable is not defined. And then we can see, oh, we did a mistake here. We're missing the S.


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[Assistant] Right, so now it's the same variable here, here and here. Okay. And so if we try that now again.


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[Assistant] Then the error is gone. And so strict mode really helped us avoiding this kind of bug that we created here. And you can experiment a little bit with this to make it really clear.


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[Assistant] Now, another thing that strict mode does is to introduce a short list of variable names that are reserved for features that might be added to the language a bit later.


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[Assistant] For example, let's try to define a variable called interface.


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[Assistant] For example for an audio interface. And now if we try this.


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[Assistant] Then we see that we get an unexpected strict mode reserved word error message, basically. And that is again, because JavaScript is reserving this word here for a feature that it might implement in the future.


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[Assistant] And so by reserving this kind of words, it will then make it easier to implement the future in the future.


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[Assistant] Just some number here, and so this one will also not work.


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[Assistant] And that's because in the future, uh, there might be something called, uh, private fields in classes or in some other places, even in the language, and they might want to use this word for that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so strict mode reserves these words so that we cannot use them for variables. It's the same logic as this one. So we cannot call a variable if.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Right? And that's because there is already an if statement.


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[Assistant] So here we get unexpected token if. So that's like the rules that I explained to you in the beginning about naming variables. Okay?


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[Assistant] Alright, now there are actually a lot of other changes that affect things that we haven't learned about yet.


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[Assistant] So that's stuff like functions, objects, setting properties on primitive values, and many more. And I will mention them in future lectures when the time comes. But everything that I'm going to say in the rest of the course from now on will always assume that you have strict mode turned on.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so I will add this line of code here to all the scripts in the future, and so you should do the same.


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[Assistant] Anyway, with this out of the way, let's now start learning functions.


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[Assistant] Hi, I'm John Green and this is Crash Course. Can we get these books to roll in in the future? It doesn't feel like Crash Course unless there's a roll in.


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[Assistant] Today, before we begin our mini-series on reading and writing in English, we're going to discuss how to read and why.


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[Assistant] Stories are about communication. We didn't invent grammar so that your life would be miserable in grade school as you attempted to learn what the Marquesa preposition is. By the way, on this program I will be inserting names of my favorite writers when I would otherwise insert curse words. We invented grammar because without prepositions we couldn't describe what it's like to fly through a cloud or jump over a puddle or


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[Assistant] Like, right now, if I'm doing my job and you're doing your job, you aren't thinking about the fact that I'm contorting my mouth and tongue and vocal cords to create sounds that then exist as ideas in your brain. It's just happening. But if my language gets confusing, if I pars en français, or incorrect word order use, or ixpe inye igpe atene, then I erect a barrier between you and me. You and I? You and me. Writing, or at least good writing, is an outgrowth of that urge to use language to communicate complexity


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[Assistant] Open letter to authorial intent. But first, let's see what's in the secret compartment today. Oh.


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[Assistant] It's a boat beating against the current, born back ceaselessly into the past. Dear authorial intent, as an author, let me speak to you directly.


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[Assistant] But give yourself some power in that conversation. Reader, go out there and make a world! Best wishes, John Green.


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[Assistant] Here's the thing, it is extremely hard to get other people to feel what we are feeling.


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[Assistant] Like, you may have experienced this in your own life. Say my college girlfriend broke up with me, and she did. I want to explain what I'm feeling to my best friend in the entire world, so I say I am completely obliterated. My heart is broken. In fact, my heart is shattered into a million pieces. Right, so a few things are going on here. First, in excellent news, my heart has not been shattered into a million pieces. It is pumping blood in precisely the same way that it did before the breakup.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm using the techniques of hyperbole in the case of obliteration and metaphor in the case of my broken heart to try to describe the things that are happening inside of me.


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[Assistant] But because I'm not using particularly compelling or original figurative language, my friend may struggle to empathize with me. And this is my best friend in the entire world!


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[Assistant] Now imagine that you're trying to communicate far more complicated and nuanced experiences and emotions, and instead of just trying to communicate them to your best friend, you're trying to talk to strangers, some of whom may live very far away, and in fact live centuries after your death. Not only that, but instead of this happening during a pleasant conversation, they are reading your dry, dead text on a page. So they can't hear your intonation or see the tears dripping from your cheeks, even though it turns out that this breakup is going to be one of the best things that ever happened to you.


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[Assistant] This is the challenge that Shakespeare faces, and it's also the challenge that you face whenever you write for an audience, whether it's a novel or a pedantic YouTube comment about the accuracy of our Gallifreyan. Hush! This is fantastic, Gallifreyan! So I'm going to ask you to read critically, to look closely at a text and pay attention to the subtle ways the author is trying to communicate the full complexity of human experience, but I'm not asking you to go symbol hunting because


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Reading is supposed to be some treasure map in which you discover symbols, write them down, and then get an A in class. I'm asking you to read critically because by understanding language you will, one, have a fuller understanding of lives other than your own, which, two, will help you to be more empathetic, and thereby, three, help you to avoid getting dumped by that young woman in the first place, although more importantly, four, reading critically and attentively can give you the linguistic tools to share your own story with more precision. And that will help people to understand your joy and your heartbreak, yes, but it will also be helpful in many ways.


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[Assistant] Reading thoughtfully gives us better tools to explain corporate profits and broken hearts, and it also connects us to each other. The real reason the green light in The Great Gatsby is such a wonderful symbol is because we all know what it's like to be outside in the evening staring off into the distance at a future that may never be ours.


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[Assistant] And by knowing what it's like to be Gatsby, we learn more about those around us, those who came before us,


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[Assistant] And we learn more about ourselves. So over the next few weeks we'll be reading not just Gatsby, but also Romeo and Juliet, some poetry by Emily Dickinson, and The Catcher in the Rye. There are links to get all of these books in the video info below. We'll begin with Romeo and Juliet next week. I'll see you then.


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[Assistant] Crash Course is produced and directed by Stan Miller, our script supervisor is Meredith Danko, the associate producer is Danica Johnson, the show is written by me, and our graphics team is Thought Bubble. If you have questions about today's video, you can leave them in comments where they will be answered by our team of experts, and if you haven't already, read Romeo and Juliet. It's a very good play, although at times derivative of West Side Story. Thanks for watching Crash Course, and as we say in my hometown, don't forget to be awesome.


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[Assistant] Yes, let's listen to this sentence. He is flying down the ice. He is flying down the ice. Now we heard the sentence, he is flying down the ice.


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[Assistant] Good morning and welcome to Iceberg's dining room and bar at the beautiful Bondi. It does get much better than that, doesn't it?


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[Assistant] And welcome Monty Kaludaric. He is the executive chef here at Icebergs. Monty, good morning. Thank you.


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[Assistant] Monty, two hats, four years. Unbelievable achievement.


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[Assistant] Write some rules. You have two and a half hours.


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[Assistant] To prep and cook your course for 30 diners. It's a staggered start. So Sashi, you'll be going first. Yes.


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[Assistant] That means Ben, 30 minutes later, you'll be second cab off the rank. Jess, 30 minutes after Ben, and Khan, 30 minutes after Jess. Now, if you cook the best dish today, you are straight through to the semi-finals.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yes, Khan. A lot at stake. One cook away from the semi-finals of MasterChef 2018. However, everyone else goes into elimination. Monty?


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[Assistant] I hope you're ready for this, we're glad you're in the kitchen. Sashi, are you ready? Yes. Your time starts now.


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[Assistant] Right, Pen, you're up. Fish boy. See you guys. Time to hit the kitchen, hit the pans, yeah?


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[Assistant] Doing the main course, doing the meat and cooking for 30 years. Probably the most outside of her comfort zone she's been.


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[Assistant] I love the colors, number one. Uhm, but I love the presentation. Just the confidence of having really


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[Assistant] I don't think the fish is just absolutely wonderful. It's just got a nice pillowy texture, lovely flavour. It's very clever how he's cooked it, preserved the colour and the flavour. It's delicious.


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[Assistant] Decided to do beef celeriac puree, salsa verde and little blistered cherry tomatoes.


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[Assistant] You forgot my birthday! Don't pretend that everything is okay.


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[Assistant] Hi guys! Can you guess the title of my next video?


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[Assistant] The exhilaration of seeing Saturn's rings through the telescope can't be overstated. It is just such a marvelous sight.


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[Assistant] The first really detailed views of Saturn's rings came from the Voyager spacecraft around 1980. And those photographs were truly breathtaking.


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[Assistant] If you were positioned below Saturn's rings, but a few hundred yards away, you would see this vast expanse of boulders and ice balls, snowballs, and through some parts you could see stars on the other side, but other parts would be so thick that they would be opaque. It would be a wonderful sight.


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[Assistant] Galileo didn't see these protrusions the second year because at that time Saturn's rings were nearly edge-on to his line of sight. And so they were essentially invisible.


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[Assistant] The part of the Earth that's nearest to the Moon gets pulled more strongly toward the Moon than the far side of the Earth.


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[Assistant] So the Earth takes on this bulgy appearance and so you can see at the shore that the water goes up and down over a roughly 12 hour period.


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[Assistant] Something that's not often recognized is that the rock ball of the planet itself changes shape as well. In fact, Earth's diameter in the direction toward the moon is a foot or two longer than the diameter in the perpendicular direction because the whole Earth is scratched toward and away from the moon.


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[Assistant] The loosely held moon would get ripped apart into thousands or millions of pieces of a wide range of sizes. And they would have different distances from the planet and thus would take on different orbits. The different periods of the different orbits would gradually spread the stuff out into a ring system.


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[Assistant] That water squirts out in geysers and instantly freezes, kind of like the water in snowmaking machines at ski resorts.


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[Assistant] They were measuring the brightness of a star as a function of time as it was going to pass behind the planet. And in this way you can study the structure of the atmosphere of the planet.


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[Assistant] Before it went behind Uranus, the light actually blinked out several times.


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[Assistant] A very surprising aspect of the discovery of Uranus' rings was that they're very narrow.


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[Assistant] Neptune was suspected to have rings in the 1980s when the material in these regions blocked the light of a star that was about to go behind the ball of the planet.


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[Assistant] We didn't think that they were complete rings because the blocking of light on either side of the planet was not symmetrical the way it was for the rings of Uranus.


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[Assistant] Pluto might have rings, very faint rings, or may someday gain rings. Because Pluto is in a region where there are lots of comets floating around. And if one of them gets close to Pluto, it might get tidally shattered by Pluto's gravity, temporarily forming a ring.


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[Assistant] There's massive pressure on, uhm, us both. It's a lot of hard work here.


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[Assistant] Come on Khan, come on! You're fine, you're fine, you're fine, you're fine, you're fine, you're fine.


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[Assistant] Sure, well, I graduated with honors from Chesterston University with a major in business administration with a specialization in information management and I minored in psychology. I chose this course of study for two reasons. I wanted to gain some practical marketable skills, which the information management track provided.