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[Assistant] The princesses laughed at his whim, but let him go. The little horse wastes no time.


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[Assistant] When the princess is heard that the unknown knight again appeared and saved the day,


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[Assistant] They were unwilling to become the brides of any of the nobles, for they thought the knight might perhaps come demanding one of them.


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[Assistant] But Slovena remained in her chamber, refusing to appear among the guests.


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[Assistant] The little horse carried his master for the last time. When they reached the castle, Bayaya dismounted.


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[Assistant] He kissed his faithful friend farewell, and the little horse vanished.


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[Assistant] Are you so angry with your bridegroom that you hide from him?


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[Assistant] I am the invalid who wove you garlands, the knight who saved you and your sisters and helped your father in battle. See, here is the piece of your father's cape that he bound up my wounded foot.


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[Assistant] When it all had been explained, the king rejoiced. The guests marveled. And Zdobina...


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[Assistant] And Budinka looked at each other with gasps of envy.


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[Assistant] After a time, Bayaya succeeded to the kingdom. He lived long and prospered.


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[Assistant] And he enjoyed unclouded happiness with his wife.


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[Assistant] You're not in Kansas anymore. There's nowhere to hide.


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[Assistant] Alright, here's how it's gonna work today. Three teams, three rounds. Each round will have a theme. The theme for round one is from the sea.


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[Assistant] You're not all cooking in round one.


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[Assistant] You need to decide amongst yourselves and your team which of you is the best seafood cook.


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[Assistant] These three cooks will then face off against each other. Whoever cooks the best dish saves their entire team from cooking in tomorrow's pressure test.


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[Assistant] And then, when this sauce comes in with a good kick of chilli, and a bite of macadamia, and then some of the microherb coriander, it is like a sea shanty in my mouth. It is unbelievable. Well done.


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[Assistant] Uhm, I don't mind it, you know. I'm not mad about it, Harry, I gotta say. The cream cheese is beautiful and the fish is beautiful. I just don't know if they belong together.


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[Assistant] I agree with the technicality. Technically you are a brilliant cook and you have a brilliant mind and you go through this process very, very quickly of what you're going to do which is a joy to watch. For me it's the cauliflower. It's what you taste the most of. It was delicious but it was more about cauliflower than anything else. That's my only thing.


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[Assistant] Alright, so listen, round one was all about from the sea.


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[Assistant] And there was one dish that really stood out to us.


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[Assistant] Who would have thought those traditions could be such a close decision? Seriously. In fact, a split decision.


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[Assistant] We're only looking for one safe spot, so best dish, stay safe. That's it, one dish.


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[Assistant] The leeks are absolutely gorgeous. The sauce is fantastic. That macadamia cream just brings that dish together. And what it needed was a bit of rareness in the meat. That is it.


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[Assistant] It's delicious. What you've done with the ribarees are particularly like, hot.


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[Assistant] A pinch of salt in that would take it up here.


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[Assistant] I reckon I've eaten 10, maybe 11 million of these in my life. So I hope this is a good one.


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[Assistant] Some great cooking today, but there was two dishes that were absolutely exceptional.


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[Assistant] Can, that broth was deep, rich, refined, freaking delicious. Thank you.


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[Assistant] At the end of the day though, this was a round about berries. And the dish that celebrated that the most belonged to


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[Assistant] You are not my bridegroom, but Yaya is my bridegroom.


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[Assistant] I really want that coral trout, I've got a dish in mind.


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[Assistant] I've got a really good dish in mind for the tofu, so I'm really interested in using the spring onions and the leeks. They're definitely two ingredients I need to create my dish. 40 minutes now. I'm happy to spend as much time as possible because I need to get those grains.


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[Assistant] I've been using the past hour to basically just like look at all my ingredients and work out what I'm going to cook. I think it's going to be really hard to come up with a dish to use one item from each category. So I'm just thinking of a way how to incorporate the tofu. I really wanted that coral trout, but I think I can use the tofu in place of the fish. I just hope it doesn't jeopardize the dish I'm going to cook today.


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[Assistant] When I'm not confident with a certain ingredient, I like to keep it really simple and let that ingredient shine.


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[Assistant] For me today it's the tofu, so I'm gonna leave it raw and then make sure everything around it is really amazing.


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[Assistant] I've done my leak, the two oils are done, my other sauce is going, done the spring onions with garnish.


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[Assistant] I definitely took a risk today with making a dish with tofu, but I'm just hoping the judges and Curtis like it too.


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[Assistant] So I've cooked tofu with leeks, spring onions and a spiced black vinegar.


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[Assistant] Yes, but Catherine doesn't have as much fighting strength in space.


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[Assistant] Yup, with a king bed. There's a garden view or a seafront view.


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[Assistant] And look, it's near the city center, so we'll be close to all the major sites.


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[Assistant] That's great! And the staff speaks English.


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[Assistant] Yeaah, of course I remember. But look, the reviews are good too.


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[Assistant] Come on, it's worth it. Please, we can make it work.


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[Assistant] And look, it's refundable up to 48 hours before. So if we find a cheaper place, we can cancel it and get our money back.


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[Assistant] Okay. Place your suitcase on the conveyor belt to be weighed. May I see your passports please? Yes, sure. Ryan, where's your passport?


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[Assistant] You must provide a passport for all international flights.


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[Assistant] You are all checked in. Here is your luggage tag and boarding passes.


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[Assistant] Your flight is leaving on time from gate B16. Just follow the signs to security. Whoa, that was a close one.


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[Assistant] So that's past the cafe, then turn right, and it's on the left?


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[Assistant] Well, you should go across the terminal, past the security and the airline offices, and then turn right.


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[Assistant] You know, I think missing our flight turned out to be a blessing in disguise.


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[Assistant] I'll have blueberry pancakes with syrup and an orange juice please.


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[Assistant] Why don't you just order your own food?


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[Assistant] Oh yeaah, I remember now. That's one of the places I want to see as well.


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[Assistant] You said that an hour ago. I'm asking for directions.


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[Assistant] That can't be it. It's just a run-down building called City Place.


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[Assistant] Two small bowls? How about four? And the little plates too.


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[Assistant] Oh, look at these painted tapestries!


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[Assistant] Do you like the blue and green one or the orange and red one better?


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[Assistant] Yes, it's gorgeous, I absolutely love it.


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[Assistant] Oh my. I love that. Let's get that too. It would fit perfectly in the living room, don't you think?


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[Assistant] Yeaah, we can still get some small things for them.


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[Assistant] What's wrong with doing a little shopping for ourselves while we're at it?


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[Assistant] Yes, could you tell me what the soup of the day is?


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[Assistant] Cream sauce? That means too much fat, I'm afraid.


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[Assistant] How about the chicken light? Can you tell me how it's prepared?


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[Assistant] The room was great. The beds were really comfortable and we weren't expecting our own fridge.


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[Assistant] Thanks for watching, and be sure to subscribe to our YouTube channel for more videos like this.


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[Assistant] They took back the hostage? That's what we get for making her a woman. They get lost in their emotions.


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[Assistant] Aw, Dad. You said you'd take us diving. Besides...


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[Assistant] Good morning. It was a solid challenge yesterday. Hopefully you learnt something from it. You'd agree, your attempt? Big day, wasn't it?


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[Assistant] Today, this is what we call a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it's the last day of Legends week, and what a week it's been. But on the other hand,


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[Assistant] Yesterday, as we always say, was yesterday. Today's another day. Smiles on your faces. Best of luck. Right.


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[Assistant] Right, so remember, if you think you know what something is, you don't have to taste it, touch it, you know, smell it. If you just want to go for it, go for it. Thank you. It's up to you.


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[Assistant] You need to taste it? No, it's mortadella. Mortadella? Hang on, well done.


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[Assistant] Right, because Ben guessed incorrectly, that ingredient stays in play, and it's a lesson, isn't it? To just think for a second, as I'm sure he's kicking himself now. Right, Simon, up you come.


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[Assistant] I'm afraid that's incorrect, Blake.


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[Assistant] Blake, I'm sorry, that's not copper, or copacollo. In fact, there is copacollo, but it's number 42. I know what it is. So that's actually... Brasola. Brasola. Okay, which is, uh, dried beef. Yeah.


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[Assistant] Tati, just roast capsicum or roast bell pepper. And Ben, what is it? It's prosciutto. Prosciutto.


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[Assistant] I make it at home. And if you were looking for the pancetta, it's just one over.


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[Assistant] Right, into round two we go. So on this bench we've got all the ingredients that you guessed correctly.


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[Assistant] Your job is to bring us a dish that features at least one of these ingredients.


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[Assistant] You'll also have an open pantry, the garden is in play. And you have 60 minutes.


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[Assistant] Cook the least impressive dish and you will be going home. Alright, in the right frame of mind. Lots of opportunity, lots of ideas. Yo Tam, do you want to kick them off?


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[Assistant] It's going to be interesting, isn't it? Two savoury dishes from Blake and Tati and then of course a sweet dish at the back with Ben.


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[Assistant] It's hard to stop, isn't it, Matt? Yea, it's good. Good game. That is delicious. Lux is all about that sauce.


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[Assistant] And I was a bit worried she wasn't gonna balance it beautifully. We knew the paste was good, but was she gonna cook it out enough and would she balance it at the end, you know, with the lime and the fish sauce? That is just spot on.


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[Assistant] Why, why jump out of that? It's not a quick course in pharmacy, is it?


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[Assistant] If you balanced it differently, took a bowl, you put a big pool of the pear puree, you put lots of those diced pears on top, you could fix it up into something that was quite yummy with a few small changes.


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[Assistant] Well, he's cooked the beef well, you know. Pink, it's blush.


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[Assistant] Broad beans, nice and green. Still got a bit of texture too. Uh, the shame of it is the mash is just really gluey. The texture's not right at all. It's not good. It's not very nice.


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[Assistant] You know what? We feel for you, the four of us, standing there waiting, knowing that someone is going home. So, let's relieve the pressure for one of you. Tati, we all love laksa, and we loved yours. And with smoked trout, it was delicious.


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[Assistant] You'll guess in the order that you're standing in. That means, Simon, you'll be first. When it's your turn to come up, you'll have a look, you'll pick a number. Once you've made a choice, you're locked in. You can smell, you can touch, and you can taste the ingredient, then make your decision on what it is. Right, let's do it.


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[Assistant] You know what? Tati, she worked really well in those 60 minutes. It looks delicious. But there's only one way to find out. Let's get her dish in.


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[Assistant] Uuuh. Dirty. What have you cooked?


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[Assistant] Bit nervous. What's it like to know that you're cooking for your Tamil Talangi?


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[Assistant] Well that's no question about it, she walked in this morning, looked a little bit defeated, but she has stood up and given us a plate of deliciousness. So great start, let's get the next contestant in.


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[Assistant] Blake, Ben, they're in the weeds, aren't they? I agree. It's definitely out of those two, 100%.


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[Assistant] Well, you're about to find out.


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[Assistant] Okay, so let's name off exactly what's in this mystery box. Cherries. Coriander. Monica honey.


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[Assistant] Black vinegar. Chinese five spice. Taro. King George Whiting. Chicken feet. Spring onions. And galangal.


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[Assistant] So I thought I'd explain why I chose a few of these ingredients. Let's start with cherries. I lived in the Huon Valley in Tasmania for a couple of years and one of my favourite things was driving home from Hobart and stopping by the orchard and picking up a box of cherries and have a dessert.


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[Assistant] Chicken feet. I grew up going to Yamcha every Sunday with my parents and that's something that I've taken from my childhood into my career today.


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[Assistant] After that cook, I can honestly tell you I am excited to try each and every one of your dishes. Let's taste.


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[Assistant] First up, Sarah Tiong. It's Yamcha time.


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[Assistant] I love me some deep fried foods, so very much looking forward to this.


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[Assistant] Thank you. What you did to elevate something that everybody loves when they go to Yamta.


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[Assistant] I could imagine being at any temple of gastronomy anywhere in the world. Could be in Paris at the most gorgeous, you know, restaurant I could conceive of and being served something like this. This is a dish to dress up for.


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[Assistant] In anybody's definition of the word, you do soul food so well.


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[Assistant] That is the perfect balance of heart and soul and where you come from. This is just triumphant.


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[Assistant] I think the thickness of the taro was a bit too much and it wasn't actually as super fun to eat as I was hoping.


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[Assistant] Play and to have fun and to experiment and push the boundaries in a mystery box challenge and for that, that was big tick.


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[Assistant] I feel like the density of the cake is a little bit much. But I really love the flavours. I really thought you did beautifully on giving us that soulful generosity of flavour.


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[Assistant] Oh my goodness, more cooking like that please. On any other day, about eight of you could be in tomorrow's immunity challenge.


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[Assistant] But the fact of it is, there are only five spots available.


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[Assistant] That was brave. It was bold. I'd eat it again. Loved it.


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[Assistant] Another redemption from yesterday. That was a joy to behold. And tweet. Thank you.


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[Assistant] Yamcha has such a special place in my family and in my heart and you just, you took something I love and you made it something I love even more than that. Awesome.


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[Assistant] The last spot in the immunity challenge tomorrow goes to one of the broths in the broth-off.


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[Assistant] One of the two cooks goes into the immunity challenge tomorrow.


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[Assistant] Travelling like this, where are you eating and where do you find your inspiration? It's not always in fancy fine dining restaurants, is it?


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[Assistant] You like eating street food, we obviously love eating street food as well. No surprise then, that today's team challenge is all about street food.


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[Assistant] We've all walked around those kitchens, there is a world of pain, there's a world of flexibility needed to actually get anything onto the plate.


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[Assistant] I love the smokiness of the mayo. Goes so well with the char on the corn.


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[Assistant] Blue team, you gave us one of the best dishes. Those prawns were amazing. Well done.


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[Assistant] We love the way you cook the proteins, the chicken and the blue eye. But all your dishes were missing something. No new sauce for those samosas.


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[Assistant] So far on Mastership Australia. From across the country they came.


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[Assistant] We're seeing more regeneration defects in the cells around his shoulder injury.


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[Assistant] I hear Celestial Being has finally resumed its activities.


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[Assistant] You've applied the methods of previous eras on a global scale. What are you planning to do next?


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[Assistant] Simon, oh my god. Keep dancing, keep pushing till the end.


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[Assistant] Hey, speaking of family and such, what about yours Anu?


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[Assistant] I knew coming into MasterChef that pressure test would be my biggest hurdle. I am not great at following recipes. So I was really happy not to have a recipe in this pressure test.


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[Assistant] But now that I've gotta recreate a dish and it's in front of me, all those little things that I know can go wrong are really starting to freak me out.


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[Assistant] Time is so crucial right now. The clock is counting down and I am slightly behind where I want to be. I'm getting my stock off now. I know that's a bit tight for timing but I think I'm going okay. Beautiful.


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[Assistant] My seafood's almost crept, so I've gotta get on to cooking the rice now, otherwise I wanna get done in time. Kyle. G'day. How's your stock? It is tasting good, I'm really happy with it.


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[Assistant] Looking at the pan, I realised that the rice might be a little on the dry side and that the seafood is going to need a little bit more steam to help that on its way.


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[Assistant] The risk of adding more stock now is that the bottom might go soggy and I might overcook that rice. We've got some left over so hopefully that'll be enough.


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[Assistant] So I'm feeling really proud that I put up a dish that somewhat resembles Lino's and I think that there's a crusty bottom under there as well, so that's a win too.


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[Assistant] Uhm, I was having trouble boiling off all of that, uhm, extra liquid that I added in the middle there. So hopefully that crusty bottom is there.


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[Assistant] Really? Then why do they have to sit under my shade?


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[Assistant] You know why? Because not every tree has a shade as grand as mine.


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[Assistant] Boring songs. And please, I am not letting anybody near my leaves. They will spoil my beautiful branches. You can let them sit on you.


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[Assistant] Whatever, you are not bringing those noisy little buzzers here.


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[Assistant] Do you always have to sing after a point? It's just a nuisance.


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[Assistant] I've made you guys taro knife cut noodles and fish balls we're using the white thing.


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[Assistant] It is my wish that somehow you will seize your own happiness. Setsuna, I pray that someday happiness finds you.


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[Assistant] Even if the world should reject me, I'll keep on fighting until I'm punished. Guess I won't be heading to where you are just yet.


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[Assistant] And back, meaning the tongue will be pushing back, which actually does cause the mouth to...


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[Assistant] Uh, you would pronounce this as bath. However, in various parts of the North, they will pronounce it as bath. But, this is one thing which no teachers explain. It's also pronounced as bath.


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[Assistant] Don't worry too much. So I just want to try a few sentences with you now. Number one, I can't get out of the bath. Let's take it slowly. I can't get out of the bath.


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[Assistant] However, like I said, people in the south, people in the north, they might say, I can't get out of the bath. Number two, my phone charges very fast.


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[Assistant] Despite our having different goals, we all have the same reason to head out there.


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[Assistant] My mission is to overthrow the Federation government, and shoot down the innovators, and also...


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[Assistant] Lesson 42 – Recording an earthquake. First listen and then answer the following question. What does a pen have to do to record on paper the vibrations generated by an earthquake?


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[Assistant] An earthquake comes like a thief in the night, without warning


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[Assistant] It was necessary, therefore, to invent instruments that neither slumbered nor slept


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[Assistant] When a shock came, it shook the rigid table upon which these stood


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[Assistant] If it were gentle, only the more unstable rods fell. If it were severe, they all fell


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[Assistant] Thus the rods, by falling, and by the direction in which they fell, recorded for the slumbering scientist the strength of a shock that was too weak to waken him, and the direction from which it came.


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[Assistant] But instruments far more delicate than that were needed if any really serious advance was to be made


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[Assistant] The ideal to be aimed at was to devise an instrument that could record with a pen on paper, the movements of the ground or of the table as the quake passed by


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[Assistant] While I write my pen moves, but the paper keeps still


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[Assistant] With practice, no doubt, I could in time learn to write by holding the pen still while the paper moved


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[Assistant] That sounds a silly suggestion, but that was precisely the idea adopted in some of the early instruments, seismometers, for recording earthquake waves


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[Assistant] But when table, henholder and paper are all moving, how is it possible to write legibly?


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[Assistant] Why does a person standing in a bus or train tend to fall when a sudden start is made


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[Assistant] It is because his feet move on, but his head stays still


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[Assistant] A simple experiment will help us a little further. Tie a heavy weight at the end of a long piece of string


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[Assistant] With the hand held high in the air, hold the string so that the weight nearly touches the ground.


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[Assistant] Now move the hand to and fro and around but not up and down.


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[Assistant] It will be found that the weight moves but slightly or not at all.


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[Assistant] Imagine a pen attached to the weight in such a way that its point rests upon a piece of


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[Assistant] Imagine an earthquake shock shaking the floor, the paper, you and your hand.


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[Assistant] In the midst of all this movement, the weight and the pen would be still


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[Assistant] But as the paper moved from side to side under the pen point, its movement would be recorded in ink upon its surface.


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[Assistant] It was upon this principle that the first instruments were made, but the paper was wrapped round a drum which rotated slowly


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[Assistant] As long as all was still, the pen drew a straight line, but while the drum was being shaken, the line that the pen was drawing wriggled from side to side


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[Assistant] If we could actually see the path described by a particle, such as a sand grain in the rock


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[Assistant] It would be more like that of a blue bottle buzzing round the room.


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[Assistant] It would be up and down, to and fro and from side to side


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[Assistant] Instruments have been devised and can be so placed that all three elements can be recorded


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[Assistant] When the instrument is situated at more than 700 miles from the earthquake center, the graphic record shows three waves arriving one after the other at short intervals.


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[Assistant] These two have traveled through the earth. It was from the study of these that so much was learnt about the interior of the earth.


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[Assistant] The third, or main wave, is the slowest and has traveled round the Earth through the surface rocks


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[Assistant] Our group had a different point of view from the Thrones when it came to armed interventions. So they weren't your allies? No.


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[Assistant] So everything's alright, as long as you have peace? I don't mean that.


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[Assistant] That's what we want you to figure out. Huh? Miss Sumeragi.


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[Assistant] Hm. Thanks. Good to be back. I got you into trouble. It's all because I approached you. I'm sorry, Marina.


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[Assistant] That's why my wish will only come true through fighting.


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[Assistant] Yummy. They're really yummy. I think that flatbread was a really good substitute for the bao.


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[Assistant] Sandy, I can see you're concentrating deeply. Your time starts now.


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[Assistant] There was a table of citrus out there, all types of citrus, but Sandeep, who's the contestant that you're cooking against, chose lemon.


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[Assistant] So that means you have to feature it in your dish. You don't necessarily hero it. You get 60 minutes. Okay. And he's already started, so he gets 75. And I'm gonna be shopping for you, so get thinking.


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[Assistant] Hmm. It's Exia. Gundam Exia.


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[Assistant] Those who desire destruction and those who reject it.


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[Assistant] Now with their differing thoughts, they greet the awakening of Double-O. Next episode, Twin Drive. Is it a Gundam that eliminates Gundams?


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[Assistant] Stop it! I can't live up to your expectations anymore!


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[Assistant] My forecast can't really change anything that's going to happen. I'd just be putting everyone in danger.


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[Assistant] Setsuna, why? Why have you decided to start fighting again?


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[Assistant] There's 25 minutes to go. I need to knead the dough. I need to boil them. I need to get them on a plate.


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[Assistant] I know that I can roll and make the dumplings quite quickly.


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[Assistant] There's 12 minutes on the clock and, uh, I'm just getting my dumplings in and they need to be there at least 6 to 7 minutes.


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[Assistant] I just wanna punch more, uhm, Asian aromats in there and balance it with some vinegar.


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[Assistant] I'm making pistachio shortbread with pomegranate and rosewater jelly and pistachio ice cream.


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[Assistant] Pistachio ice cream, pistachio shortbread with pomegranate and rose water syrup and pomegranate jelly.


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[Assistant] Razolas was attacked by mobile suits? Damn federation. Attacking without any warning like that.


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[Assistant] No. In fact, I think we should push for an earlier start. A lot of our comrade's lives are on the line.


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[Assistant] Alright, smash it Tati. Come on Tati. The first thing that came to my mind was... Toasty?


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[Assistant] I'm going to make a Vietnamese pancake with grilled baby chicken and, um, dipping sauce, uh, with a lot of vegetables inside. I'm using spatchcock because I think the size is smaller. It will be quicker. I'm going to use the sandwich press today, but I use it as a grill. Hopefully it will be delicious. The first thing I do is to break down the chicken.


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[Assistant] I'm using the tie and the legs so that it will be nice and tender and easy to pull. If I want the immunity pin, it is just my dream.


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[Assistant] I cannot serve Vietnamese chicken pancakes without a pancake.


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[Assistant] I make my second pancake, and time is ticking.


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[Assistant] Vietnamese pancake with grilled chicken and fish sauce.


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[Assistant] I'm thinking I have to choose really wisely because there are so many things in the garden that he's familiar with. I better have a good strategy today.


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[Assistant] There are so many different ingredients so it is very confusing to choose.


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[Assistant] I think the other chilli that I want to use is right over there. I'm thinking I should go with the Thai green chilli because it's so spicy.


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[Assistant] I'm hoping that Donovan will not be able to cook it in his friend's style of cuisine.


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[Assistant] Matt Sinclair and I have similar type of cooking style, so I'm very excited to have him as my mentor today.


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[Assistant] My dish for round two is Thai green grilled spatchcock with sweet pumpkin puree and a green salad.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The first thing I have to do before I make my curry paste is to cut the pumpkin. I want this to be so badly. I want to prove myself that I can cook a really nice meal against a legend today, so...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I have to get my mind all together to make sure that I can beat him.


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[Assistant] Thanks. This 15 minutes has start.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's so important for me because Donovan is cooking for over 35 years.


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[Assistant] And here I am, a home cook, ironing it all the time in the world. 15 minutes might not be enough.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm hoping that Donovan will not be able to cook with the Thai green chilli because it's so spicy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm just gonna add the, uh, tamarin in it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm struggling with blading. I find it difficult to do a modern type of blading.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's a lifetime experience for me to cook with legendary Donovan Cook. I don't bring the pin home, but it's a great day today for me.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] My love, I don't know anything about you. Who you really are. Please tell me where you came from.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He wore the brightest ruby on his head, and- Did- Did you say ruby? I know you don't believe in genies, but-


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[Assistant] Wife of my Ruby Prince, who stands beside your throne!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Confi, coddle trout on some burnt tomato, ryeberry sauce, little bit of herb oil and some, uh, caviar narrow on top there as well.


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[Assistant] He came to the princess's rescue. He thinks he's some kind of knight.


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[Assistant] These days it seems that Celestial Being is driven mainly by its members' personal feelings. The fact that they saved their fellow pilot is just proof of this. If so...


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[Assistant] I'd say our best bet would be to spread our net right here.


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[Assistant] Major rent. He's handled the search in the first stage of the operation well. But what will the enemy commander do in response?


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[Assistant] Although we lost two of our units thanks to the meddling of the Gundams, we did succeed in smashing the secret base of the Dissidents.


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[Assistant] This is sure to earn us both commendations, Colonel Monaghan.


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[Assistant] Oh, you don't care for mopping up operations. I absolutely love them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I believe at the time you were a tactical forecaster for the AEU.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I would never feel like participating in a war again after an experience like that. So I have trouble understanding why...


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[Assistant] Why is it in a format used only by the old Chobu team?


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[Assistant] That mopping up operation was carried out because of information the Colonel obtained? That's awful. The Colonel must be filled with regret right now. And yet he's worried about how I'm feeling.


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[Assistant] I am a super soldier. I must carry out my duty no matter what it is. That's the only reason I exist at all.


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[Assistant] British English phrases. And it had a really good reaction. So I thought today, why not do the same thing again? I'm going to give you some more, some more useful phrases which you will hear a lot. There's some slang terms in here and there's also some phrases. So here's five for you. We'll start with number one.


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[Assistant] And that just means I'm feeling a little bit hungry. Do you have some chocolate? Do you have, you know, anything, any kind of food?


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[Assistant] And it's a very common British slang term. It is slang.


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[Assistant] So let's say I'm going on a holiday for two weeks. I could say I'm going on holiday for a fortnight or if I've taken some time off work, I could say


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But if you want to sound more British, use a bit more kind of British lingo, then you could say, I'm skint. So it's just one that I thought I would give you.


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[Assistant] But, it's not just something we say for kids. If you're cheeky, then you're kind of doing something rude.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And this friend is very rich, he's got lots of money. Uhm, I wish, but he's got lots of money. And I could say to him, you've got loads of money.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And that's a cheeky comment. That's me saying, well you've got loads of money, why can't you give me some?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now, there's a lot of different ways we use the word fancy.


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[Assistant] If you are a boy or a girl and you fancy someone, say you say to them, I fancy you.


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[Assistant] For example, let's say I was wearing a smart suit, a really nice suit, a nice watch, uhm, some rings, uh, I was looking quite rich and quite powerful.


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[Assistant] Someone would say, oh, you look fancy. And that would mean, you know, you're looking smart, you're looking rich and posh.


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[Assistant] And I will see you all in the next lesson. Thank you for watching. Bye.


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[Assistant] Lesson 36 – The cost of government. First listen and then answer the following question. What is the most important factor, both in government or business, for keeping running costs low?


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[Assistant] If a nation is essentially disunited, it is left to the government to hold it together


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[Assistant] This increases the expense of government, and reduces correspondingly the amount of economic resources that could be used for developing the country


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[Assistant] And it should not be forgotten how small those resources are in a poor and backward country.


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[Assistant] Where the cost of government is high, resources for development are correspondingly low


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[Assistant] This may be illustrated by comparing the position of a nation with that of a private business enterprise


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[Assistant] An enterprise has to incur certain costs and expenses in order to stay in business


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[Assistant] For our purposes, we are concerned only with one kind of cost—the cost of managing and administering the business


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[Assistant] Such administrative overheads in a business are analogous to the cost of government in a nation


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[Assistant] The administrative overheads of a business are low to the extent that everyone working in the business can be trusted to behave in a way that best promotes the interests of the firm


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[Assistant] If they can each be trusted to take such responsibilities and to exercise such initiative as falls within their sphere, then administrative overheads will be low


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[Assistant] It will be low because it will be necessary to have only one man looking after each job, without having another man to check upon what he is doing, keep him in line, and report on him to someone else.


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[Assistant] But if no one can be trusted to act in a loyal and responsible manner towards his job


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[Assistant] Then the business will require armies of administrators, checkers, and foremen and administrative overheads will rise correspondingly


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[Assistant] As administrative overheads rise, so the earnings of the business after meeting the expense of administration will fall


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[Assistant] But if a nation is disunited, the government cannot be sure that the actions of the people will be in the interests of the nation, and it will have to watch, check, and control the people accordingly


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A disunited nation therefore has to incur unduly high costs of government


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[Assistant] It's a chick. Chicks are yellow.


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[Assistant] I have to say this is probably one of the most unique names ever for a Disney Cars character. And I mean no disrespect to someone who maybe named this, but I cannot figure out how to pronounce it. I think


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's Sri Ram. So we're gonna go with that today and we're actually gonna call him Sri for sure, just to make it easier on everybody. But yeah, he is one of the next gen.


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[Assistant] Although you may not think Shree here is as exciting. I think he is. He's pretty cool. I like the pink accents to him. So without any further ado, let's just get right into the review. So we got the Desert Blur background. I like his art there. Very nice and sophisticated and clean. Of course he is in the Rusties.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now these are the new made in Thailand cars, not China. So that means that they are made a little bit different with the eyes. There's this ridge on the blister now instead of it being flat. I talked about this in my last review with Chris Roman. So a couple differences like that. We'll talk more about them when I open him up. On the back here you can see Kristoff.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Tom W, Sadiq, and Cruz Ramirez. Now, Cruz Ramirez has been released in this series. She's just kinda rare because that case hasn't been really released in many places. Tom W's been out for a while, and then Kristoff and Sadiq are so far only available in Europe. So hopefully they'll hit other places soon.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But, as always, you know, for the past, like, 12 years, it's been great to get the background cars. And that's why I love collecting these things, because it's always like there's more. You can expand the universe, find more to it, and that's why I really do like cars. And he is just a part of that.


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[Assistant] Now as for releases down the line, he may get released again in like some sort of Rusty's trainee pack. I could definitely see them doing that. But!


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[Assistant] So fortunately, he actually has a brand new expression or almost. It's pretty different from...


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[Assistant] As you can see, they have the same expression very sadly. So that's why I wanted to make sure that these two had different expressions. Now the eyes are slightly the same, the only reason that they're actually different is because


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[Assistant] Just kinda giving it some more depth, making it more realistic. I do like that on him. Some other cars like McQueen.


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[Assistant] Over the change from China to Thailand, I don't know if I exactly like it. Some look good, some don't. That's just my opinion. The models are completely different though, so I like that aspect about that.


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[Assistant] One thing that I'm not a huge fan of on Shree is that they didn't really add like the accents to the headlights here. They're just kinda like normal. The grill there is pretty normal as well, but if you look here on


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Aiden, I keep wanting to say Gabriel, but there's actually some blue accents to that headlight right there. So that's pretty cool. He does have the vents, which are different on Shuri. That looks pretty cool. I like how they changed it up. Of course you have the pink front bumper instead of the baby blue.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Moving to the side here, you have pink rims that are on the Lightyear tires there. You can just vaguely see that says Lightyear there in that thin text. He is the number 70 trainee. Every trainee gets a number.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Along with the number, it does say Rusty's Racing Center. I do have to say though, it might be a little clearer on the old versions, the made in China ones, like, I don't know.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The red just really blends together on the new one where I feel like the old China versions, the text was a little bit more defined and you can make out the lettering. All in all they're both small but I did want to point out that difference. Cruz Ramirez also has the same decal.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And on her it just says 95 because she is part of team 95. For a Lightning McQueen of course.


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[Assistant] Now one thing I'm not a big fan of at all about Shuri and it's because of the tile and change is these rims. So from a distance they look nice pink.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But, check this out. If you look closer, it's really hard to see, but it looks like it's decaying in there, it's like rusting, there's all these white specks.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, that's a good angle right there. Look at that, it looks so dirty in there. Whereas of course, like on Aiden here, it's like perfect blue, there's no...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For this, it's weird, it's like when they panned the rims, quality or something, they just didn't paint the whole thing fully, they didn't go over it a couple times, it's like they only went over it once or something, and then it was like dirty paint. I don't know, I'm just not a big fan of how the rims came out here, but it's okay from a distance, I guess. It looks dusty, but it's not dust.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Anyway, you have the exhaust pipe there, pink stripe, pink gas cap, that's a nice touch.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Somewhere right there. I love how they do three digits, so maybe there will be like a trainee a hundred or-


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I wonder how many they've actually like listed. Do you get to pick your number or is it just like...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If you sign up first, you're the first one. If you sign up last, you're like a hundred or something like that. You know what I'm saying? As if it's like an order or if you get the pick. I wonder.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But that's pretty much it for Shree. I do want to do a couple more comparisons here with some other cars. Like for example, since he does have the pink accents and is the same model as flipped over, I thought they'd be a nice comparison here. Maybe if his name wasn't Shree, he was like the


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 10 years prior to flipped over, like he was training, he loved the pink color, so he became like the intersection racer or something like that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But of course these are two different characters, but I just wanted to compare them. They're pretty sweet, let's not bang them together though. RC cars 5.


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[Assistant] Disney dockets? Whatever my name is now. I do want to talk about that a little later. I've been getting a lot of questions about the name change, the content. It's like, I changed my name, but I'm not really doing anything different. I get that. I'm working on new stuff, but...


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[Assistant] So I want you guys to let me know in the comment section below which trainee that we've gotten so far. Or maybe you have more than me. Maybe you have Sadiq or Kristoff. But out of these four, which is your favorite? Mine is definitely Shriram because he has that pink. I like pink. He stands out to me.


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[Assistant] Quite the different names. I like that, I like it, cause it really diversifies the cars, the universe. So let's bring in the main characters here, of course we have


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Rusty's Racing Center, Lightning McQueen here, who technically is a trainee as well. At least in sterling eyes, or...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] needs to focus in on shrew and you give him some prominent space here so that's pretty much it for this review guys now let's just talk about disney docket so first of all i did change my name from rc5 disney docket to just disney docket i planned this all along i just didn't say it just cause


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I wanted to have the RC5 timing back to RC cars 5 to keep that recognizability factor for just like several weeks until, you know, everyone got used to Disney docket and then we didn't need RC5 cause that's just a mouthful. Like RC5, Disney docket, it's a lot to say. It doesn't really float.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] On the topic of which hotel in Disney World is actually the best out of the Polynesian Contemporary and Grand Floridian. I have that video almost done editing and like I've been working on it for a while. I already recorded it and everything but


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know, it just takes so long to add those types of videos. They're like speculation videos.


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[Assistant] Whereas these, I just record it, throw the pictures on the screen, it's done, super easy, and plus I wanted to get these reviews out for you guys. By the way, I bought this one on eBay for quite the hefty load, but, you know,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I looked in the mirror and I saw something that's not what I want to be. So I chose a different path.


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[Assistant] Like, in movies a lot of times people will be crying, it's just like one tear. That'll strain, but I don't cry like that.


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[Assistant] Dude, I don't, like guys don't, there's no like off, there's no like middle ground. There's no like, just like kind of weeping a little bit and then they're good to go. I feel like women can weep, they're better weepers. Yea.


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[Assistant] Suddenly he put out a hand to grab my horse's rein as the beast reared and snorted,


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[Assistant] His own less spooked only jerked and tossed its head nervously. What is it?


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[Assistant] I could see nothing despite the patches of moonlight that mottled road and field.


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[Assistant] And the horses seemed disinclined to go any nearer to it.


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[Assistant] Jamie's voice was low and casual, calming me as well as the horses. With a muttered, skur.


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[Assistant] I strained eyes and ears to discern whatever it was still troubling the horses. They shifted and stamped, ears and tails twitching in agitation.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The clouds by now had shredded and flown on the night wind, leaving only scattered trails across the face of a brilliant half moon. In spite of the brightness, I could see nothing on the road ahead, or in the menacing grove.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The pines roared softly to themselves, millions of needles scouring in the wind. Very ancient trees, pines, and eerie in the gloom. Gymnosperms, cone bearers, winged seed scatterers.


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[Assistant] Older and sterner by far than the soft-leaved, frail-limbed oaks and aspens.


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[Assistant] A suitable home for Rupert's ghosts and evil spirits.


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[Assistant] Only you, I thought crossly to myself, could work yourself up into being afraid of a lot of trees. Where was Jamie, though?


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[Assistant] The hand gripping my thigh made me squeak like a startled bat. A natural consequence of trying to scream with your heart in your mouth.


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[Assistant] It was dark under the trees, with only crumbs of light falling through to the needle litter underfoot. Even Jamie couldn't walk silently on that.


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[Assistant] But the rustle of dry needles was lost in that of the green ones overhead. There was a rift in the litter, a mass of granite rising from the forest floor.


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[Assistant] There was enough room to lie belly flat side by side.


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[Assistant] Jamie put his mouth next to my ear, barely breathing. Thirty feet ahead. To the right. In the clearing. See them?


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[Assistant] Hey everyone, welcome back to another video and in this video we are going to look into conditionals and loops in Java.


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[Assistant] So when we were learning about flowcharts, we saw that you take, you know, input and output, you do some processing and you have some conditions as well. We have already seen about input output.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We have already seen a little bit about processing like A is equal to A plus 1, you know, C plus plus, B plus plus or whatever. If you are just starting out, do check out the links in the description. There is an entire Java DSA playlist.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So this is a video part of that and you can check out all the videos in that playlist. The link is in the description. Make sure you like, share and subscribe and let's get started. So let me create a new project in Idea.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We have done a tutorial on this already. You can find the link in the description for the playlist. I'm going to create a new project. And I'm going to say next. From command line, like from the


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now lecture number six, which is conditions and loops.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So let's first look at the conditions part. Okay, the if conditions. What are conditions? Now what is a condition? Okay, let's see.


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[Assistant] Why would we require such things? So basically, let's say you want to, you know, in our previous example, that input a salary and if the salary


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Otherwise, do this. This is something we can do via if statements. The syntax looks something like this. By the way, this is the way you can add multi-line comments. So just


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] slash, star, star, slash, everything you add in this will be a comment.


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[Assistant] So the, the, the thing that I'm trying to show you over here is the, what is the syntax? How do we write a if statement?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so this is a syntax. You write if brackets


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Boolean expression, so either true or false. It should be like true or false. Okay. And then the body. Whatever you want to do in it. Okay, so if this condition is true.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Do this, and then there's another condition called else. Do this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I can say something like, uh, you know, int salary is equal to something like this. Then I can say, if brackets, I need a true or false expression, an expression, a statement that will give me either true or false.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So I can say if salary is greater than 10,000. So this will definitely give me true or false. Salary will either be greater than 10,000 or less than 10,000. This will give me either true or false. I can say salary is equal to salary plus 2,000 rupees. Otherwise, salary is equal to salary plus 1,000 rupees. And then in the end I can just say


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This one is definitely greater than 10,000, so it will be 20, 26, 400, cause salary, sorry, 27, 400, cause greater than 10,000. We'll do this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So in if and else condition, only one of these are going to run. Only one of these are going to run. You can put a debug pointer here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Try to debug this program and you can see line by line how these things are working.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So right now we are here, salary is equal to this much. It's going to check, hey,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is 25,400 greater than 10,000? It's gonna say yes it is. Then it's gonna go inside. Yes it is. It went inside this if condition. Means it will not go inside this else condition. If and else. Only one of these will execute.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You can see this was not executed, new salary, input and exit out of the program.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You can also add multiple else if statements in the same thing. So let's say you want to add something like, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Greater than ten thousand. Then, uh, salary.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is equal to salary plus 2000, you can also write it as salary plus equal to 2000. Okay, same as writing salary is equal to salary plus 2000. Okay, shortcut form. Otherwise, if, so you can see else if.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Means I'm combining more than one else, uh, sorry, if conditions. If salary is greater than 20,000, give a bonus of, let's say, 3000 rupees. In the end, I will have else condition only.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, in the end I will have else condition only. Okay, cool.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So this else basically means if none of the above conditions are true, then execute this condition. Else, salary plus equal to 1000.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, that is a multiple if-else statement. So these are conditional like, uh, you know, conditions and, uh, we can use the if-else statements to structure the flow of our program. And now let's look into something else, which is known as loops.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we'll be doing some, some nice questions in this session only.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And that will make it much clearer. We will actually be, let's say, creating a calculator app program.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, in this session only. So that is going to be a very nice, uh, hands on experience. So I'm going to say conditionals, file name conditionals, another file name, I'm going to create loops.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Input is equal to new scanner. We already have seen all these things.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then I can say, loop, okay. So what is a loop? Okay, forget about scanner right now, let's just do simple loop. So I can say, I can say something like, uh, what is a loop basically? So loop is basically, let's say the question is, print numbers from


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 1 to 5, that's the question. You can do it something like this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, otherwise if someone asks you, hey, uh, print hello world five times. So you can do something like this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, five times means copied five times.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Imagine someone asked you, do a particular task 10,000 times. Would you write it 10,000 times? No, right?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So there's a few tasks that you want to do again and again in like a loop.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Or brackets, just you have your body like whatever you want to do, how many times you want to do it. Initialization.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For example, let's say the question is, print numbers from 1 to 5. Okay, that is the question. Let's try to solve this using this, this syntax of 4 brackets and this will have our body.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Numbers from 1 to 5. If I will initialize a number from 1 to 5, I can say int number is equal to 1. While this number is less than equal to 5,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Number plus plus or you can say number plus equal to one. Increment the number by one. I will tell you how this thing is working.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For every time this for loop runs, I will just print the number. Let's try to run this and then I'll explain how this is working.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 12345. Let's see how this is working then.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Basically what is happening over here is that when this line of code is executed int num is equal to 1, num is equal to 1 is going to be initialized. Okay.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is one, is num less than equal to five?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's gonna be like, yes it is. Then it's going to run this particular command or whatever code that you have in the block. After that, it will increment it by whatever values you are putting.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then, then it will be 3, then it will be like 3 is less than or equal to 5, yes it is, print 3. Then it will be 4, so basically this happens only one time, after that it will have the check, run the body, increment. Have the check, run the body, increment.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Have the check, run the body, increment. When the num value will be 6, then it's going to check. Is 6 less than equal to 5? It's going to be like,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] No, it's not. Hence, it will not execute what is inside the function that the, sorry, the for loop body and it will exit out of it. You can also do the


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Initially you can say if I go in this, it now initialize the value num is equal to 1 and it's gonna be like, okay, print it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now, it will go again over here, like I said, you know, initialize for the very first time, check if it is less than five, print it, and now it's over here, you can see. Currently num value is one. When I go on the next step, it will increment it by one. Two. And now the check again.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] One three and five. Okay, so this is how you, uh, print the numbers. Let's say you want to say print numbers from, uhm, you know,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] One, two, N. Where N is something that a user will input. I'll just add my scanner over here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Scanner input is equal to new scanner system dot int. I can say int n is equal to


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In dot next int, something we have already done before. Then I'll just run a for loop. By the way, in IntelliJ IDEA, if you write for i, it will create an iteration loop for yourself. Automatically it created. So I can say num starts from 0, should be less than equal to n, num plus plus. You can just start from 1 also, because I want to input. Print number from 1 to n, right. Let's say print number


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'll just add a space over here so that I don't add it in a new line every time. And that is it. Let's try to run this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So it will ask for me to run a, to input a number, let's say 100. So all the numbers from 1 to 100 it will print.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's say I wanna, let's say I wanted to, uhm, print hello world n number of times. So I can just say, if you wanna print hello world n number of times.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's say I'll tell it to print hello world ten times. Ten times it's printing hello world.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, that is the for loop. The next loop we'll be looking into is called a while loop.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So you have the while loop condition over here, you write while and you write the condition and then body.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That is it. Let's try to convert this program of 1, 2, 5 numbers into a while loop. So, I can say int


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Num is equal to 1. So basically I'm converting this program


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that is why you will be able to see the reference, like how this is getting converted to a while loop. Basically the for loop we wrote before we are converting it into a while loop. So I can say while, so basically the initialization part, I'll just copy paste this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So for the initialization part, that will come outside the while loop. This condition will now come inside the while loop. This body will come inside the body of the while loop. And this increment thing will also come inside the body of the while. That's it. Let me try to hide this thing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's actually asking for an input, let me also write that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 1, 2, 5. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. How this is working? Let's see. Debugging.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So here, so here it's saying num value is 1 and initialize that, okay. So num is initialized to 1. Is 1 less than or equal to 5? It's saying it's true. Hence it will go inside this while loop. It will print 1 and then it will increment the value of 1 by like plus 1 to it. It will now become 2. That's true.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Num becomes 2. Is 2 less than or equal to 5? Yes it is. Print 2 and make it 3. 3 less than or equal to 5. Print 3, make it 4. Make it 5. Make it 6. Is 6 less than or equal to 5? No. Hence it will not go inside the while loop. It will exit out of the while loop. Program over.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so that's the while loop. Now the question you may ask yourself is


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] How do we know when we need to use the while loop, when we need to use the for loop?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You can use both of these anytime you want. Okay, it's totally up to your preference.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] One of the things that I would recommend like, uh, something that why these two exist is because


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You need to run a while loop when you don't know how many times the loop is going to run.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And run and use a for loop when you know how many times the loop is going to run. If the question is something like print the first 10 numbers, then you will use a for loop. If the question is something like


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Keep taking input from a user, till the user does not press X.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Here do you know how many times the loop will run? No? Depends on the user. Till the user will not press an x, that many times of amount, like the loop will running. So in that case, use a while loop. One more loop is there, known as a do while loop. Okay, let's see.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So the next one is a do while loop. Syntax is something like this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Int n is equal to 1, I can say do print n and n plus plus while n is less than equal to


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'll explain what the difference is, don't worry. I think it's pretty obvious what it's doing. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So do while and while, the do while loop and the while loop have one difference in it. In the do while loop,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The program is going to execute, the loop is going to execute at least once. At least once it will execute. So, it will execute at least once. For example, if I write something like, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know, let's say I remove this thing, all these things and I just write print


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And here I write, while n is not equal to 1.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So here even though n is equal to 1, this should not execute but it will because first it will execute the body, then it will make the checks. So basically the idea is it will execute at least once.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And after that it will only execute when this while condition is true, after that. So, once it will always execute. Let's try it out.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This condition should follow. While n is not equal to 1, it will say n is equal to 1, hence loop will end.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so in cases in which you definitely have to have one time the loop running, in that case you can use a do while loop.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] For example, if you want to say, take input of so many numbers till the user inputs some other value like x or something. Okay. In that case, once the value will all obviously be input, right, the value will always be there like for the very first time. That you can use a do-well.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now let's try to solve some questions over here because questions are important in order to understand how these things are working internally. So let's say we create a question like largest. So you will be giving three numbers and let's say public static void main.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Scanner input is equal to new scanner system dot int. So basically you are going to input three numbers, okay. So I can say a, b and c. Int a is equal to int dot next int. Int b is equal to int dot next int. Int c is equal to int dot next int. Three numbers are here. Question is,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Find the largest of the three numbers.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So let's look at how we are going to solve this problem. You can also create a flowchart for it if you like. But, uh, imagine that you have three numbers. Let's say, you know, A is equal to 10, B is equal to 20, and C is equal to 30.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You have to figure out which is the largest number from all these three numbers. So one way we can do this, we can let's say assume that this is the largest number.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, we can take a maximum value, we can say maximum is equal to, let's say 10.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then we are going to check this with b. Is b greater than maximum?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That the current maximum that I have is b greater than that. It's gonna be like, uh, you know, yes it is. So in that case, it's just going to say that my maximum now is equal to b.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then it's going to make another check. If condition. If C is actually greater than my maximum.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is 30 greater than my maximum which is currently now 20?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Means 30. That is my answer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So here in this case I will say let's say int maximum is equal to a, then I can say if b is greater than maximum, I can say maximum is equal to b, otherwise I can say if let's say c is greater than maximum, max is equal to c, and then I output say maximum.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 30 is the maximum one. Let's give it something else. 56, 12,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 79, 79 is the maximum one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That is what is happening. It's saying, initially, let's say it will say, let's, let's try to, you know, run this code only, debug it and see how this thing is working.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Input, cool. A is equal to 33, so it's saying max is equal to 33. Okay, currently max is equal to 33. Then it's checking A is B.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Greater than max, maximum value is going to be like, yes it is. Then the new maximum value is going to be B. Now the new maximum value is going to be 789.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That is true. You can see maximum is now 789. It's not 33 anymore. Now, it's checking again. Is C greater than the maximum value? Is 65 greater than the maximum value which is 789? No, it's not. Hence, this will not execute. This will, this if condition will be false. This will be false. So, this will not execute. Hence, the output will be 789. Program ends. Very simple stuff. And, one more thing. Like, before we move on to the next question, uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There are many ways to solve one pro, one, one problem. Okay, there can be many ways. If you don't want to take the, like, the, you know, the maximum one as, uh, as A or whatever, you can say initially something like, let's say, let me just, uh, let me just copy this thing, okay, or let me just comment this out, no copy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I can say let's say another method int max is equal to zero and here you can say that, uh, if a is greater than b, max is equal to a, otherwise max is equal to b.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So now in this maximum value it will actually store either a or b and in the next line you can say if c is greater than max, max is equal to c.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Same thing. Here it's actually trying to suggest us intelligently saying you can optimize this loop.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Ah yeaah, you can use a maximum, the math dot max call. That is also something you can do.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So basically math, uh, you know, the math class has something like this. So if I comment this out, you can say my int max is equal to math.max


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A and B. So it's basically going to return the two, the maximum value from these two.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so this is going to contain the maximum value of these two.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I can again pass this in math.max or C.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so this is basically saying, uh, basically if I do math dot max,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's say, 34 and 57. So it's gonna print 57. Let me comment this out.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It will give an error because it did not comment out this thing. Now it should run.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That is what mat dot max is doing. Okay. I replace this with my variable max.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Take the inputs. Now let's try to run this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 10, 30, 27, it will print 30. Why? Because


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It will, it is first going to say math dot max of 27 and whatever the maximum value is of 10 and 30. So it's going to be like math dot max of 27 comma 30 means 30. That's my answer. Now let's go into the next question.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's do something. Let's say we input a character, a letter and basically an alphabet and it will tell us whether the alphabet is uppercase or lowercase.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's try to make that program. That'd be pretty nice. So you can see.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Type check or something like char case check or whatever. Okay. Case check.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Extract avoid main, and here I can see scanner.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, for that we are going to have to take a string input and take the first letter of it. Okay. So, that's the way to take characters. Sorry. Uh, char ch is equal to in dot next dot trim dot char at zero. What am I doing over here? Trim basically means that, I'll just hide this for now. Let's say I say print.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In dot next, this is just going to print the next word. So if I just run this, it's just going to print the next word. Okay. It will take the next word over here and it will, it will print it in this function only. So I can say hello. So it will print hello. Nothing new over here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What is dot trim? Dot trim basically means remove all the extra spaces that are at the end of these words.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So I can see if I take, uh, you know, next, uh, for, uh, let's see if I do trim over here. Now let's see if I print it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, because that is not what we want. We basically want that, okay, we are going to be inputting a number like, uh, a character basically, not a number. So I can say I'm going to be inputting, uh, k. So this k is actually a string input. You cannot take like a char input. It will convert it into char when you use this method called char at zero.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Don't worry about this right now because string is a separate module of this course.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we will look into it later on, like what is a charat and everything, but in k, in short, if you want to understand, it's not that complicated. This is a string.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] char at basically means give me the character at this index of the string.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] String, you can imagine it as a character array. Array is actually the next topic, so it will be much more clearer then. But in arrays, index starts from zero. So if I'm saying something like, uh, hello. Okay, so if I'm saying, let's say,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] String word is equal to something like hello.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This is going to print, print, which is the character at this word's 0th index. H, it will print H.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] H, which is the character at index number 2. So 0, 1, 2, L, it will print L.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So this charAt is actually returning a character type. You can see over here, character type.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So if it is returning a character type, then we already have learnt about data, you know, data types, so I can store it in a character type. That's why it's working.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now I will input a character and it will be stored in the ch. Input let's say l.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So the ch and everything you can use like the ascii values and stuff, but we can also do something like if.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Basically, this is something we did not cover before and


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So basically if you want to add two conditions, like both of these conditions need to be true, you can use the and, and, and operator.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, if we go into our conditionals again and if I just hide this thing, so you can


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's say int a is equal to 10 and int b is equal to 20. I can say if a is equal to equal to 10 and b is equal to equal to 20.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So is A equal to 10? Yes it is. B equal to 20? Yes it is. It will print.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If you say or, you can also add or. Or basically means either one of these should be true.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So if I make this one false, so even though A is equal to 10, B is not equal to 20, it will still run because this is OR.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Means any one of these to be true. We will do this in detail when we do bitwise operators. Okay, these are bitwise operators. We'll do it in detail. Hello world. Okay, we'll do it in detail. There's a separate section for this. And if I do something like uhm, okay, so you, you already learned about AND and OR.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's a double equal to, it basically compares the value of this. And there's one more called not equal to. If a not equal to 35, print this. Is a equal to 35? No, it's not. So hence, this is true.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A should not be equal to 35. That is true. A is not equal to 35. A is 10. And that will print hello world.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So you can multiply, you can add so many conditions you can add in just one single if condition. Okay, like we are adding two over here. If a is greater than a, the value, like if it lies between the range of small a and small z, I can say print.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Alright, cool. Let's move on to the next question. Now let's look into another problem which is the Fibonacci problem. What are Fibonacci numbers?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Fibonacci numbers are basically, let's say they start by 0 and 1. Starts from 0 and 1.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We will be having the first number as this one, like the zero, the first one number we can say a is equal to


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 4th, 5th, 6th number, 7th number. So the answer for this should be equal to 13. If I say give me the 6 Fibonacci number, answer should be 8. That is what we are going to do.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And here we know how many times our loop is going to run. We know we need to find the nth number. We will have the value of n because we will input it. Hence, we will use a for loop for this.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, we will initialize these two variables, then we will use a for loop till, you know, till it runs till like 7 or whatever.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And, uh, then basically we will just keep on adding and updating these two values. For example, the next number will be a plus b, which is equal to 1, comma, a will then be replaced with b, and b will be replaced with this. So a will be 1, b will be 1. Next will be 1 plus 1, 2.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's make it much more clearer by making a table.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know, in case you are unable to see the, now I think it might be visible.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Is when the code is looking cleaner. Sometimes the code will look much more cleaner when you're using let's say a while loop over a for loop. So here in this case I'll just add a scanner class.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so now the initial ones that we'll be having, the one that you know, the two numbers, 1 and 0, I can add is at let's say int p is equal to 0 means previous and int i means the current index equal to 1. We already have the first two numbers.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So our count can start from, let's say 2. Count is equal to 2. Okay? And then I can say while count is less than equal to N. You want the NHV Banachi number? Okay? So while count is less than equal to N, what do we need to do? We need to add, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We need to basically, the answer in the end is going to lie in the nth Fibonacci number, right, so that will be i. So here, uh, how do we make sure that that happens?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know when we were doing in the previous example, we were doing, this will come over here, b will come to a, means the new a is going to be equal to b. That is what we are going to do over here. Okay? So if I have something like this, I can say that, uh, you know, p will be equal to i previously, but why am I taking this i in a temporary variable? Because,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We want to make sure that, uh, we want to add these two numbers, right? We want to say i plus p.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] i is equal to i plus b. That is it. Count. Plus plus. That's it. That's my Fuganachi number.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If you don't want to like do this IN, uh, stuff, so I can say this is A, or I can just write it in the, you know, format of what we, which we wrote in, in the, uh, program as well. So I can say this is, let's say my A.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so here I'm saying basically if you wanna say next is equal to b plus a.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so the third Fibonacci number it will be 1 plus 0. And then I am just updating the values.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The a is going to become b, that is true, because temp actually stores the value of b. Why have I taken temp? Because if I do a is equal to b over here, this will not be the value of b that it had previously. This will be the one that is now updated. That is why I am taking a previous value over here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, try to run this on the paper. It is exactly the same thing as we were doing in the previous example and I literally ran it like line by line and that is exactly what it's doing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] B is being updated to whatever next number I have added. That is true. B is being updated to whatever next number we have added. In the end, I'll just print B.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We were saying 7th Fibonacci number. It should give us, uh, in another example, we had, what did we have for 7th Fibonacci number? 13.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We are getting 13? 6 to 1 acchi number should give me 8? We are getting 8? Okay, cool.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We'll also solve this in many other ways. I'll also teach you how to find the Fibonacci, NH Fibonacci number without using any loops in just one single step. I'll be able to, you will be able to find the NH Fibonacci number. That is going to come in some bit more advanced topic, which is in, during the space and time complexity analysis. So stay tuned for that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 7, 8, 7, 9. This is a number given to you. Okay? And you basically need to find how many times the number 7 is occurring in this number. So the answer should be 3.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Pause this video and then figure it out and now we'll look into the solution. Okay.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So basically the idea to do this thing is whenever you get such questions where you actually have to deal with individual digits,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You are going to have to check individual digits for obvious reasons because you are checking individual digits. Now how can we get individual digits from this?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You're getting the last value. Let's check it out. If I say, let's say n is equal to 1389.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And if I divide it by 10, so I can say 1 3 8 9 divided by 10, so I can say 10 into


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 138 gives me 138, 0, remainder is 9. Isn't this same as the last digit?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Hence, N modulo 10 is going to give you the last digit.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Remainder of that number with 10 will give you the last digit. So here we can do something like if I


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Try to, you know, take a smaller example in order to make things clear. So I can say, let's say n is equal to 1, 3, 8, 3, 9. Count the number of threes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, so in this case the answer should be 2. Let's try to see this, how this works. So basically I'm going to say while you know n is greater than 0.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know, my remainder is going to be equal to N divided by 10. Then I'm going to check. This is actually the last digit.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Equal to three. If it is, then I'll say, count plus plus. Let's say initially, count is equal to zero.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Remove this 9 from this number as well, right? Because then I will check for this thing. 1383. How do I do this? I can just say n is equal to n divided by 10.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That is true because if 1389, 1389 divided by 10, it will give me 1383.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, then for 1383, I will check modulo 10 is, uh, so basically this is what I'm doing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] 9, it will say modulo 10, going to give me 9, and let's take a count over here.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So count initially 0 is 9 equal to 3, no it's not. Then I'm just gonna not increment the count variable and I'm just going to divide it by 10. So now if I divide it by 10, this will be 1383 now. Remainder of 10 will give me 3. 3 equal to 3, yes, count will be 1. This will be now reduced to 138.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Remainder is 8, nope, it will now reduce to 13. Last digit remainder 3, yep, count and reduce to 2, this will be 1. Last digit 1 equal to 3, no it's not. It will then be again reduced to 0 because 1 divided by 10 will give me 0 in the integer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So since we are storing it in integer, it will be like 0.1, points will be cancelled out, only 0 will be there. While n is greater than 0 is the condition, hence this will terminate and our answer will be available to us. I can say n is equal to n divided by 10. That is it. Let's try to code this solution. So if we are trying to code this solution, we can also do some really optimized things like you know bit masking and


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Shift operators and everything. We'll do that. We'll do same questions later on. Count Nums.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm not taking a, let's say I'm not taking an input, I can just say 4553536 or whatever. Then I can say while n is greater than zero, similarly, similarly the same thing we did in the previous, you know, and the drawing part, I can say my count is equal to zero. Initially in the end, my answer is going to be equal to what? Count. And here I'm just going to say int remainder is equal to n modulo 10.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If remainder is equal to equal to 5, count plus plus.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] N is equal to N modulo or N divided by 10. You can also write something like this to make it shorter. As two 5's, so answer should be 2.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That is correct. Let's add one more 5 over here. Answer should be 3. Let's add no 5s over here. Answer should be 0.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Zero. Okay, so very simple solution and now let's look into the next problem.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now let's try to do another important question. Let's say you are given a number. That is, let's say question that, uh, number is given to you that says the number is 23597.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The answer should be the reverse of this number. So the answer should be 79532.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Pause this video, think about it and it's going to use the same remainder approach and then watch the rest of the video to get the answer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, and my number like the entire thing is over here, 23579. When I take the remainder for the very first time,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] My remainder will be 7. I'll add it to my answer. Answer will become 7. Okay, then I'll take the remainder again. It will now be 9.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Before adding, this is the same thing we were doing previously. Only one extra step is needed. When you are adding this number in your answer, make sure you do


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You have to basically add the number in your answer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that it, it should be like 79 over here, right? So basically you need to shift this 7 towards the right, towards the left. So what you need to do is, you have let's say 7 over here. Okay?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And you have 9 over here that needs to come over here now. How do we make sure 9 comes over here?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Last remainder then now we? Zero. Isn't this my answer?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay, very simple solution. Same remainder, same dividing. Only thing, we are just going to multiply the answer by 10 and add the remainder in order to get the answer at that particular point. When the loop finishes, this will be my entire answer.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's try to code this program. Okay, so let me create another file. I can say reverse


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Static void mean, int number is equal to something like this, random number. Then I'm going to say what? Int answer is equal to initially 0. In the end I'm just going to print the answer. And same thing that we did previously. While number is greater than 0, int remainder is going to be n modulo 10, n divided by 10 equal to, not n, sorry, num.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] How simple is this? One, two, three, four, five, six. Should give me six. Six, five, four, three, two, one. Six lakh, fifty four thousand, three hundred and twelve. Three hundred and twenty one. Very simple stuff. Okay? Cool.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Let's look at the last question, which is going to combine all these things together, which is known as building a calculator app.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Not an app, but a program. Calculator program. So let's try to make a calculator program. So I can say Calculator.