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[Assistant] Sarah, you're not taking your suit. Thank you, no. I've tried it once before.


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[Assistant] He's like a marvellous bird tethered to a huge sea anchor.


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[Assistant] Beautifully expressed. But really, a baby cries in the night, the father comes down to comfort it. Anyone can experience such things.


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[Assistant] Must a woman be like a farmyard animal? Can she have no ambition, no intelligence, no organic sensibility?


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[Assistant] It's beside the point. He's created life from nothing. He's taken the place of God.


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[Assistant] Fires blazing prettily. You've done very well. Our bags are just there.


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[Assistant] Lines here. Observations I made myself.


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[Assistant] And we have breaking news from Twitter. The company is dealing with a major hack that targeted several high-profile accounts. It appears to be a wide-reaching cryptocurrency scam, and it could be the biggest breach the social media giant has seen to date. Susanna De Silva has the story. She joins me now. Susanna.


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[Assistant] Alright, and how has Twitter and those targeted responded? I see Twitter is still working through it.


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[Assistant] It comes in over, over the bar, over there.


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[Assistant] Ronnie! Ronnie! Go on, shout! Ronnie, is that you? What are you? Gov! I'm in here! Louder! Gov! I'm in here!


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[Assistant] Well, I have to say that when I think back to the cat signing Carouselverse,


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[Assistant] How that fit would take place. If that would kind of be the missing piece, right? Because he had all of those tools, those skill set, but you gotta have time.


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[Assistant] Somebody who can go get a bucket at any time. And we're looking at like, what is the next step in this development? What is the next step and if they are going to be able to go to playoffs? And to me, that's getting a bucket. Like you need another guy who can get a bucket that's not just Darius Garland.


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[Assistant] And so, it's tough to end the season feeling like we didn't get to see


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[Assistant] That dream come to fruition of what the calves were trying to build.


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[Assistant] It could be. It really could. I still would love to see what Karish LaVert can bring. We have no idea with him and Colin Sexton, right? Like what that could be.


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[Assistant] They were and it's tough because when you talk about like the playoffs and hitting at the right time, the NBA is so much about timing. It is so much about timing and when the injury bug hits and unfortunately for the Cavs, it hit at the wrong time and then we all kind of left disappointed at the end.


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[Assistant] And you gotta think realistically though too. And you have to like, when I think of when the season ended and talking to Kobe Altman.


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[Assistant] And he chatted with us, I want to say for an hour. I remember because my back hurt because we were standing there. I'm like, man, Kobe, he just kept on going and going, right? He did a lot here in Leicester.


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[Assistant] These guys deserve to play together. Like, he kept saying


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[Assistant] Colin Sexton when he was asked about Colin or Karis, like, these guys deserve to have the time to play together. So to me, that kind of makes me think that they would try.


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[Assistant] What is the next step and when? Because if the goal next year is to make the playoffs and win a series or just make the playoffs, like,


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[Assistant] There, there's something about being around this particular team and I've been around a lot of Lakers teams. Oh, thank you. A lot of Lakers teams, you know, Blazers teams, Sixers teams.


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[Assistant] You know, it's, it's an interesting point because...


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[Assistant] There's a part of me being in the media that wants to say, like, maybe that is a good point. Maybe we do make more fun out of it. Or make more out of the fun than we should.


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[Assistant] But, with that being said, I think that the Cavs group has something that a lot of teams don't have that can also, in some instances, be more valuable than the talent on them.


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[Assistant] Right? Like if you have, look at the Nets this year, right? Like look how much talent that Brooklyn Nets team had. You look at them on paper, X's and O's, and you say, man, like, I wouldn't want to play them in the playoffs, right? And then look at what happened. Swept in the first round. They have the talent. They didn't have the it or that chemistry, that third


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[Assistant] They do, I know that they have a good relationship just because I saw them, you can tell when people have a good relationship when you're around them.


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[Assistant] You love that. I mean, I am also, like, I consider myself a nerd, so I, maybe that's also why I love this so much, is because I'm a team nerd. Yeaah. It's the revenge of the nerds. Tim Duncan.


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[Assistant] Well, Darius Garland, I will tell you, he likes to shop. I don't know the specific stores because the stores that he, we had this actual conversation, Darius and I in Miami because he was on his way out to go shopping and I asked him where he went.


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[Assistant] Uh, but he does like the unique stuff that nobody else has that is probably still out of my place.


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[Assistant] There's such a, because Evan Mobley has only been in the league for one year and


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[Assistant] For me, how good he is right now defensively, being a rookie, is unbelievable to me.


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[Assistant] First of all, they both have room. Darius still has a ton of room to grow. And I think Darius is going to be a guy in the fourth quarter who's kind of like Jimmy Butler who's just going to take over a game.


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[Assistant] I think we're just gonna see a, a much bigger leap for Evan. Like, we've seen a, we saw such a big leap for Darius this year, and we are gonna see a leap for Evan over these next couple of years that's so much bigger.


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[Assistant] is knowing that if you get that guy the ball, he will get you a bucket. And that is something that I think Darius Scarlin has above everybody else.


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[Assistant] You gotta remember that I've only, I, I came here in January, right? So I've been around these guys since January. So I don't want to put any, any words in their mouths.


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[Assistant] I can say that if I were them, like, there's something to be said right now of doing things post-LeBron era. Like, there's something to...


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[Assistant] Like, to be said about, we are do- we are doing this.


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[Assistant] Uhm, at the same time, I also think...


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[Assistant] Looking back at like Kobe's final years and the invaluable experience that has given to some guys in the league, whether it's the Brandon Ingrams or the Kyle Kuzma's or the Jordan Clarkson's that were all part of the years that Kobe was kind of.


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[Assistant] You know, fading out there, there's something to be said about that too. So, I mean...


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[Assistant] And that's something I'm curious about for next season, right? Like you're this young team who, who got to where you were and the success that you had during the regular season because you played so hard to start the year.


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[Assistant] At the same time, look at where the other, where Boston is, right? Or look at where these other teams are, and they...


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[Assistant] I mean, I can tell you my favorite thing about Philly and living in Philly and covering the 76ers is


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[Assistant] Going to breakfast on a Saturday or Sunday and you are listening to all of the conversations around you be about your teams. Like the, the sports is embedded in everything growing up and it's so fun to be just


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[Assistant] Eatin' eggs and bacon and listenin' to, like, a five-year-old, a ten-year-old, a grandmother, all talk about the Sixers, um, or the Eagles, and that's something for me and all the cities that I've been in.


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[Assistant] I do, I do. Where are you born and raised? Southern California.


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[Assistant] I worked there. I lived there. I loved Philly. I thought, the thing I loved about Philly was, and I used to, in the summer, my family's in New York as well. So I used to, in the summertime as a kid, that's where I lived, was Long Island. I mean, it's basically a different state, but, uh, it's not New York City, technically.


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[Assistant] With Philly, like, you can walk anywhere. The food scene is so underrated.


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[Assistant] It's, it's, it's a sports town. As you say, New York, neither. D'Alessandro.


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[Assistant] I have zero respect for this.


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[Assistant] I have not had anything off those lines in terms of like a player threatening to kill me.


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[Assistant] Some players like have handlers, right? So rather than them talk to you...


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[Assistant] They prefer like someone else to call you and kinda give you a little...


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[Assistant] I appreciate that. I appreciate that. But to go back to like the uniqueness of this team, right? There was, when I first started traveling with the Cavs.


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[Assistant] So I get on the plane, you know, I kind of put my head down, go to the back to my seat and Darius comes out and he puts a fake microphone in my face. And he says something to me like,


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[Assistant] You know, oh, where are you trying to get to? You know, like he's like interviewing me type of thing.


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[Assistant] I have a son with autism and trying to navigate the process of getting a diagnosis for him that included all of his challenges was a nightmare. I could have used a healthcare navigator for that.


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[Assistant] It's better than a license to steal. What are you gonna do with these, sucker? Well, let them ride.


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[Assistant] So your show is coming to an end? This is true. In April? You reportedly...


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[Assistant] Turn down a very, uh, generous offer to stay at the show.


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[Assistant] You and Harry Styles are friends, right?


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[Assistant] Anything can happen, so I have to be vigilant all the time.


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[Assistant] There were times when my colleagues would shave before they shut down the furnace for repairs.


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[Assistant] I'd have to search a lot and move often. Not that everything here has been easy. I've had to work hard every year to get a raise.


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[Assistant] The stable incomes and social benefits here are the reason people are peaceful.


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[Assistant] In Russia, a real man is someone who is reliable in every aspect of life, someone you can depend on.


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[Assistant] Love is different. I love my wife and my daughter. But I respect Putin. I respect him for his endurance, his resilience and his poise.


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[Assistant] I don't want to go into geopolitical details about the reunification of certain parts of the land.


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[Assistant] We have enough problems in Russia itself, like our dying villages or developing our farming. I don't want us to import cucumbers from China. We should grow them ourselves, like in Soviet times.


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[Assistant] I have a wonderful family and healthy children and relatives.


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[Assistant] I heard him go as I stood at the half-open door of my own room, to which I had now withdrawn.


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[Assistant] The house cleared, I shut myself in, fastened to the bolt that none might intrude, and proceeded not to weep.


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[Assistant] Not to mourn, I was yet too calm for that, but mechanically to take off the wedding dress, and replace it by the stuff gown I had worn yesterday, as I thought for the last time. I then sat down. I felt weak and tired. I leaned my arms on a table, and my head dropped on them. And now, I thought. Till now I had only heard, seen, moved,


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[Assistant] Followed up and down where I was led or dragged, Watched event rushed on event, Disclosure open beyond disclosure, But now, I thought,


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[Assistant] The transaction in the church had not been noisy, there was no explosion of passion, no loud altercation, no dispute, no defiance or challenge, no tears, no sobs.


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[Assistant] A few words had been spoken, a calmly pronounced objection to the marriage made, some stern short questions put by Mr. Rochester, answers, explanations given, evidence adduced, an open admission of the truth had been uttered by my master, then the living proof had been seen, the intruders were gone, and all was over.


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[Assistant] Who had been an ardent, expectant woman, almost a bride, was a cold, solitary girl again.


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[Assistant] Her life was pale. Her prospects were desolate.


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[Assistant] Christmas frost had come at midsummer. A white December storm had whirled over June. Ice glazed the ripe apples. Drifts crushed the blowing roses. On Hayfield and Cornfield lay a frozen shroud.


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[Assistant] Lanes which last night blushed full of flowers today were pathless with untrodden snow, and the woods, which twelve hours since waved leafy and fragrant as groves between the tropics, now spread waste, wild and white as pine forests in wintry Norway. My hopes were all dead.


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[Assistant] With a subtle doom, such as in one night, fell on all the first born in the land of Egypt.


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[Assistant] Chill, livid corpses that could never revive. I looked at my love, that feeling which was my master's, which he had created.


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[Assistant] It shivered in my heart, like a suffering child in a cold cradle. Thickness and anguish had seized it. It could not seek Mr. Rochester's arms. It could not derive warmth from his breast.


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[Assistant] Oh, never more could it turn to him, for faith was blighted, confidence destroyed. Mr. Rochester was not to me what he had been, for he was not what I had thought him.


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[Assistant] I would not ascribe vice to him. I would not say he had betrayed me.


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[Assistant] But the attribute of stainless truth was gone from his idea, and from his presence I must go. That I perceived well. When, how, whither, I could not yet discern.


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[Assistant] But he himself, I doubted not, would hurry me from Thornfield. Real affection, it seemed, he could not have for me. It had only been fitful passion. That was balked. He would want me no more.


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[Assistant] I should fear even to cross his path now. My view must be hateful to him.


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[Assistant] Oh, how blind had been my eyes, how weak my conduct.


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[Assistant] My eyes were covered and closed. Eddying darkness seemed to swim round me, and reflection came in as black and confused a flow. Self-abandoned.


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[Assistant] Relaxed and effortless, I seem to have laid me down in the dried up bed of a great river.


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[Assistant] I heard a flood loosened in remote mountains, and I felt the torrent come. To rise, I had no will. To flee, I had no strength. I lay faint, longing to be dead. One idea only still throbbed lifelike within me. A remembrance of God. It begot an unuttered prayer.


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[Assistant] These words went wandering up and down in my rayless mind, as something that should be whispered, but no energy was found to express them.


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[Assistant] It was near, and as I had lifted no petition to heaven to avert it,


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[Assistant] As I had neither joined my hands, nor bent my knees, nor moved my lips, it came.


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[Assistant] In full heavy swing the torrent poured over me.


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[Assistant] The whole consciousness of my life-lawn, my love lost, my hope quenched, my faith death-struck, swayed full and mighty above me in one sullen mass. That bitter hour cannot be described. In truth, the waters came into my soul. I sank in deep mire. I felt no standing. I came into deep waters. The floods overflowed me.


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[Assistant] Hey friends, I love this show. Yeah, I like it too. Uhm, it's so weird how...


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[Assistant] They're friends, but sometimes they end up in bed together. It's so weird. I know, Ross and Rachel, right? Yeah. Yeah, they're the best.


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[Assistant] Monica and Chandler, but it's a secret thing, kind of, and uhm.


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[Assistant] Gosh, is it cold? I- I feel like it's really cold. Uhm.


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[Assistant] Yeah, uhm, are you still cold? Cause I don't know, I have some ideas of how to like warm up and stuff. Huh? Wait no wait, hold on, I love this part.


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[Assistant] So, do you, I kind of feel like my clothes are kind of constricting. I don't know, do you? What'd you say? Are you comfortable? Yeah, what? This is fine. Really?


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[Assistant] Oh my, Friends is playing on another channel.


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[Assistant] So good is so bad! Ugh. There's nothing I can do here besides fuck myself.


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[Assistant] Look at that guy's fucking face! That is one ugly ass dude! I've never seen-


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[Assistant] I'm going to put my Wii Remote so far right!


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[Assistant] Is serious the right word? So, yeaah, it was about like balancing out the two of keeping it very Billie Eilish and also having it really respect the Bond world.


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[Assistant] Old things to make them new and improved. I think it's like just keep it the classic and make a new one that's different.


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[Assistant] Though only a small amount of metal, it is a weapon of great strength and elegance. Nor is it just a weapon. It is an instrument of which beauty is demanded.


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[Assistant] The pursuit of these twin virtues gives the Japanese sword a unique and illustrious history.


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[Assistant] From its origins over a thousand years ago to the present day, the Japanese sword is steeped in tradition.


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[Assistant] Down the ages, it has become the object of devoted study by men.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo is one of the few whose unique skills have gained him a following even overseas.


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[Assistant] He devotes himself to creating only the most beautiful swords.


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[Assistant] We will also learn just what the secrets are behind a sword that is strong, and yet so pleasing to the eye.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo has never before revealed the secrets of his craft to the layman.


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[Assistant] Today, we will be allowed a glimpse into this mysterious art.


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[Assistant] The art of Japanese sword making reached its pinnacle at the beginning of the 13th century during the Kamakura period.


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[Assistant] Modern swordsmiths aim to emulate the incredibly high standards of those times.


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[Assistant] The secret of a Japanese sword's strength lies in its dual composition.


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[Assistant] It consists of a softer, more flexible core steel, known as Shingane, swathed in a hard outer steel jacket, known as Kawagane.


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[Assistant] This makes the sword superbly strong, difficult to break and gives it an excellent cutting edge.


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[Assistant] The other key characteristic of Japanese swords is the use of a raw material known as tamahagane.


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[Assistant] This special kind of Japanese steel is made by heating Satetsu or iron sand over charcoal at comparatively low temperatures, resulting in a steel that is low in impurities.


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[Assistant] In Japan, rather than using coke, the smelting of tamahagane is done using charcoal throughout.


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[Assistant] The swordsmith has to distinguish between the different pieces of steel and pick out carefully those best suited to making a sword.


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[Assistant] To the left of the forge is a piston operated bellows.


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[Assistant] A special kind of pine charcoal, known as Matsuzumi, is used as a fuel for the forge because of its ability to produce a lot of heat.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo performs a traditional firelighting ceremony typical of a swordsman.


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[Assistant] First, he hammers a plain iron rod down to a sharp point.


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[Assistant] When the tip of the rod is struck hard and fast, the point absorbs enough heat to be able to light a piece of paper.


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[Assistant] This kind of hammering technique is the starting point for Japanese sword making.


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[Assistant] Charcoal is added, and the forge soon begins to produce heat.


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[Assistant] The first step of making the Kawagane steel jacket.


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[Assistant] Working the bellows, the smith pumps blasts of air into the forge. Adjusting the heat, he smelts the tamaharane.


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[Assistant] A single Japanese sword typically weighs between 750 and 950 grams.


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[Assistant] During the sword making process, most of the raw material is removed as impurities.


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[Assistant] Therefore, around three or four times this quantity of tamahagane is used to make a katana.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo pulls it out of the forge and holds it on the anvil while his disciples hammer it flat using 10 kilo hammers.


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[Assistant] The hammering is repeated several times. With your shindo tapping out directions, the tamahagane is quickly made flat.


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[Assistant] During this process, the impurities within the steel rise to the surface and can be hammered out.


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[Assistant] Once the steel is about the same thickness as a cracker, the process known as Mizuchi is performed.


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[Assistant] The combined effect of the steam and the shock induced by hammering causes the surface to peel off. Impurities disappear.


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[Assistant] This part of the operation, known as shita goshirai, or foundation forging in Japanese, is critical for removing as many of the impurities as possible before proceeding to the next stage.


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[Assistant] When the steel is quenched in water, cooling it down quickly, it is made harder.


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[Assistant] The wafers of Heart and Pramahagani are broken into smaller pieces.


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[Assistant] The steel in its current state would make a sword weak and extremely brittle.


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[Assistant] Yushindo must once again select which of the small, thin, broken-up wafers of Tamahagane are best suited to make the sword.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo makes a steel plate welded to a long handle out of tamahagane steel. Together these are known as the tekogane.


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[Assistant] All the operations are performed with barely a word spoken.


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[Assistant] The commands of the swordsmith's hammer is all that is required.


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[Assistant] In due course, the tekogane plate will itself become part of the sword.


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[Assistant] On top of it, Yoshindo stacks a pile of the selected tamahagane wafers, leaving no gaps in between the separate pieces.


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[Assistant] To make a sword strong and flexible, the steel must be completely uniform throughout the length of the blade.


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[Assistant] To achieve this, many layers are squeezed together in the forging process.


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[Assistant] Burning rice straw is another vital part of the whole operation.


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[Assistant] The black rice straw ashes, known as warabi.


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[Assistant] The steel wafers are skillfully arranged on top of the tekogane plate to make a block of steel.


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[Assistant] To prevent the wafers from spilling over, collapsing or falling off, the smith carefully wraps the block with wetted Japanese paper.


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[Assistant] The black wannabe ashes are coated onto the paper-wrapped bundle.


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[Assistant] This helps compensate for the loss of carbon that occurs with heating.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo now pours a clay and water mixture over the block.


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[Assistant] As the temperature of the block mostly rises from the inside out this prevents carbon loss happening on the surface only. The result is a steel block which is uniform.


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[Assistant] The next step in the process is known as tsumiwakashi in Japanese, which literally means piling up and boiling.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo places the steel block in the forge and heats it slowly, adjusting the air with the bellows.


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[Assistant] Since different temperatures act on various materials to produce different kinds of swords,


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[Assistant] The process demands a combination of intuition and experience.


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[Assistant] He can see that the surface paper and ash wrappings have already melted. He does not want to melt the entire block of steel away


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[Assistant] Sensing when the inside of the Tamahagane block is almost boiling demands a high degree of skill.


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[Assistant] Once the layers of Tamahagane have been compacted, the block is rewrapped and placed in the forge once more.


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[Assistant] Principally titanium, phosphorus, and sulfur are peeled or scraped off or scattered by the hammer gloves.


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[Assistant] Each repeat also reduces the carbon content of fraction. To reach the correct level,


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[Assistant] The process needs to be repeated around a dozen times.


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[Assistant] The orikai she continues, and each time the new block is wrapped in ashes and coated in the clay slurry.


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[Assistant] The block is stretched by hammering to double its original length before folding.


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[Assistant] The first cut was made crosswise. The next cut is made lengthwise.


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[Assistant] Cutting this way in a cross formation is a matter of careful calculations. What is the purpose of it?


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[Assistant] Experimenting with this clay model illustrates the principles involved here.


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[Assistant] Thus, when stacked, heated and then hammered, the parts meld, and the whole gains even greater strength.


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[Assistant] Hundreds and thousands of thin steel layers pile up on top of one another and become enmeshed, creating a dense structure.


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[Assistant] With every repeat of orikaishi, the number of layers doubles. After the tenth time,


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[Assistant] These different layers show up in an exquisite surface pattern known as the sword's jihada.


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[Assistant] In the folding lies the secret to the sword's combination of strength and beauty.


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[Assistant] The swordsmith's individuality is strongly reflected in the interplay of colors and textures in the final sword.


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[Assistant] The jihada, in particular, is an important way of differentiating between the work of different craftsmen.


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[Assistant] The stage is now set for the smith to sever the steel from its tekogane handle.


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[Assistant] The hard, toughened steel is bent into a U shape, which becomes the sword's outer casing, or jacket, the Kawagane.


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[Assistant] Formed by a similar process, the slightly softer shingane forms the core of the sword and is inserted inside the jacket. Hardened steel is used for the cutting edge.


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[Assistant] The more flexible inside of the sword absorbs the shock of an attacking stroke.


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[Assistant] This use of harder and softer steels in Japanese swords distinguishes them from swords made elsewhere, which are made of uniform steel throughout.


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[Assistant] The key point here is that the swordsmith assembles the different forged Kawagane and Shingane layers of the sword so that the grains of each run at right angles to one another.


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[Assistant] The precise way that Kawagane and Shingane combine leads to a myriad of different possibilities, producing swords of varying strength and movement.


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[Assistant] The beauty of the jihada truly reflects the skill of its creator.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo now moves on to shape the sword to his liking.


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[Assistant] The composite steel blank used as the basis for the sword.


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[Assistant] Incorporating both the Kawagane jacket and the Shingane core is known as the Sunobe in Japanese. Yoshindo puts the combined bar into the forge, taking care not to heat it too much. He then hammers it into the rough shape of a sword, lengthening it as he goes.


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[Assistant] He has to be careful not to destroy the balance between the jacket and the core steels.


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[Assistant] By separating the sinobe from the tekogane rod creates the piece that will become the final sword.


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[Assistant] By this stage, practically all of the impurities have been beaten out of the Tamahagane.


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[Assistant] Leaving only about a third of the weight of the original material.


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[Assistant] The process of shaping the blade out of the sinobe and giving it curvature is known in Japanese as hizukuri.


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[Assistant] His disciple's assistance is necessary up until the formation of the sunobe, but hizukuri is the job of the swordsmith alone. He proceeds with a conceived shape in mind.


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[Assistant] This part of the process brings all his senses and technique to the fore.


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[Assistant] It is crucial at this stage to minimize the number of times the blade is heated up.


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[Assistant] Your shindo must move with lightning speed to prevent any more carbon leeching out of the blade. Conserving the steel is a vital skill. The smith must prevent the sword from cooling or impurities from adulterating the sword.


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[Assistant] Producing an attractive jihada on a blade surface is a sign of fine craftsmanship.


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[Assistant] The actual curvature of the sword is not manifest until later, when the edge of the blade is hardened.


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[Assistant] This makes it very difficult to imagine exactly how curved it will turn out to be.


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[Assistant] The swordsmith must use his experience to determine his sword's final shape, and thus its elegance.


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[Assistant] Once Hizukuri is complete, you can begin to imagine the blade in all its final splendor.


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[Assistant] The shape of Japanese swords changed over the ages, as methods of waging battle changed.


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[Assistant] Having used his hammer to shape the blade, Yoshindo now begins the finishing process.


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[Assistant] First he does a rough filing. This determines the blade's frame.


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[Assistant] All surface oil is removed using an ash water solution. And the blade is then dried thoroughly.


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[Assistant] The smith now turns his attention to the single most important part of the blade, the hamon.


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[Assistant] This is the pattern created along the blade in its final quenching.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo's own particular specialty is a type of hamon called Ochōji, or big clove blossom.


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[Assistant] A derivative of the clove blossom patterning developed to perfection in the Kamakura period.


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[Assistant] This type of hamon is considered one of the most beautiful.


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[Assistant] To make a hamon with this wonderfully variable pattern, a special clay is used.


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[Assistant] The adhesive clay is made out of a mixture of charcoal, pulverized whetstone, and other ingredients. The exact proportions are the Smith's own personal secret.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo applies it to the roughly ground sword with equal delicacy. The clay is painted onto the blade in a thin layer. Once it is dry, it will be fired.


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[Assistant] The precise details of this process of making the hamon, called tsuchioki, or placing the clay in Japanese, have been a closely guarded secret of Japanese swordsmiths since time immemorial.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo now uses a thicker clay mixture to coat the remainder of the sword.


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[Assistant] This coating is to ensure that the blade does not heat up too much and over harden.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo makes his signature clove blossom pattern using a fine spatula to place the clay on the blade.


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[Assistant] A complex pattern of straight lines, crosses, and points will result in the wondrous clove blossom, or chochi hamam.


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[Assistant] The tsuchioki process for the clove blossom hamon is now complete.


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[Assistant] Exactly how the hamon is created is still something of a mystery, however.


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[Assistant] This is a pattern for a relatively straight Hamon, called Suguha in Japanese.


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[Assistant] And is famously attributed to the master swordsmith Kanemitsu Bizen.


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[Assistant] Its slightly irregular patterning gives it a peculiar beauty all of its own.


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[Assistant] Finally, we come to the yake-idei process of hardening the edge.


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[Assistant] This is where the sword's underlying elegance is brought out in an inst-


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[Assistant] Small pieces of Matsuzumi charcoal are used to ensure the clay coating does not peel off.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo takes great care to ensure the heat of the forge is as even as possible.


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[Assistant] Because he must be able to distinguish very subtle changes in the color of the hot sword, Yoshindo performs yaki-ide in pitch blackness.


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[Assistant] Carefully passing the sword through the forge with one hand, he pumps air into the forge.


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[Assistant] Each push of the piston changes the forged temperature, and this has to be judged by the color of the sword.


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[Assistant] Maintaining the temperature between 725 and 780 degrees Celsius.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo ensures that the sword is heated evenly all around.


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[Assistant] This dramatic cooling, owing to the peculiar properties of steel, produces a different crystalline microstructure at the edge of the blade called martensite, which is particularly hard.


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[Assistant] Yoshindo lightly passes the blade through the forge a second time.


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[Assistant] This relieves stress in the hardened edge and ensures the entire blade remains flexible and strong.


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[Assistant] After Yaki-Irei, the curvature of the sword has increased slightly.


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[Assistant] After further treatment to clean off the clay, we reach the crucial moment when the hormone is revealed.


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[Assistant] At this point, Yoshindo can tell whether yaki-ire has been a success or not.


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[Assistant] The blade's tang, called nakago in Japanese, is the part of the sword where the swordsmith carves out his signature marks.


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[Assistant] Is drilled into the tang for the rivet that will secure the blade to the hilt of the scabbard. This helps improve the swords balance.


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[Assistant] The job of the polisher is to bring out the smith's intended harmon and make the jihada look as good as possible.


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[Assistant] He helps to breathe life into the sword and bring it to its final state of sparkling brilliance.


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[Assistant] The Japanese sword can be thought of having arisen out of the natural desire of every warrior to wield a marvelous weapon in battle.


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[Assistant] The grace with which they fall mirrors the warrior spirit.


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[Assistant] Since ancient times, the Japanese have revered both the samurai and the cherry blossoms as the ultimate in grace and refinement.


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[Assistant] Today, the Japanese sword is also held up as an example of exquisite artistry and craftsmanship.


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[Assistant] In ancient times we know that it was used as a potent weapon.


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[Assistant] The warrior roughens the edge of the blade slightly on a whetstone. This gives the sword an added sharpness.


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[Assistant] The crafted sword concentrates in its fine lines the knowledge of the ages mixed with a sense of omnipotence. As he polishes the blade


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[Assistant] It is perhaps impossible to touch the real, secret beauty of a Japanese sword.


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[Assistant] Until one comprehends the spirit of the samurai.


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[Assistant] And the solemn Bushido oath he bears in his heart.


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[Assistant] If you're still undecided by Dawn, we will kill you both.


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[Assistant] Alright, alright, I'll start paying you in cash. I'll start you off at minimum wage.


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[Assistant] I can't believe what I'm hearing. You'd all rather work for some clown? And I wasted so many good fish on you.


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[Assistant] How about you back up that Brinks truck in my mouth? Sure thing.


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[Assistant] What do you think you'll do now? He will toss a bomb in here. That's his style.


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[Assistant] If you blind him, he will be easy to handle.


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[Assistant] She knows we are dying here. What could Pillar do?


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[Assistant] Take these fat guts from the rear! There isn't any rear. They're all around the hill. A hundred, two hundred. Maybe more now.


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[Assistant] Ranging from 2006 all the way up until the newest stuff like Harvey Rodcap, the next generation Easy Idol racer. And you can also email them if you have something laying in your closet that you really don't want anymore


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[Assistant] But you might be able to get some box for it, so just email them the details. Lose damage in the package, does not matter. They will most likely be interested, so you'll be in luck.


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[Assistant] One of them is a re-release. I also have a couple videos on Smokey that you may be interested in checking out. One's just on the regular version that was released on May 1st, and then my second video that I did in July a couple months ago was on the new variation of him that's


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[Assistant] And red with the Cardistry logo design, there's the name tag, Patel logo down in the left hand corner.


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[Assistant] And then here you can see the other new two packs in the case, such as Tripp Weathers aka The King and Cardistry, Jeff Gourvet. Blind Spot and Push Over, Tailgate and SigAlert.


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[Assistant] High Impact and Jimbo and Hidden Run. Presumably Brothers, I do believe, or is it Sisters? I don't quite remember from the Meet the Cars book for the Cars 3 characters. So whatever, I'll be right back with this awesome pack opened up.


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[Assistant] So as you probably just noticed there, there was tape on either side of the blister, which made it much more difficult for me to open the package. So it's likely that they have another one of those gluing issues like they did for most of 2016. If you guys remember at the beginning of 2016,


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[Assistant] I mean, it fixed the issue, but it kinda desecrated the packaging, so it seems like the period of the blisters popping off is not happening. They actually realized the issue before that started happening, so now we just got


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[Assistant] Yeah, it's kinda oddly, but I mean, what are we gonna do? The packaging isn't the best anyway. I mean, it's the generic Cars 3 package, which is kinda boring, but anyway.


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[Assistant] I mean, what are you gonna do about it? It kinda ripped off the corners of the package there, but I mean I'm not really complaining. At least they're not popping off like they did for 2016, but I did wanna let you guys know that because it does seem like it'll be happening now for a lot of the packages, especially two packs, like all the two packs I have.


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[Assistant] They all have tape. Alright, so let's start with the appearance of these two in Cars 3. They both appeared in not really the flashback scene, but when McQueen was in the garage watching


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[Assistant] Heyday, Young, Modern, whatever you want to call it, that's Smokey. They obviously call it Heyday because I guess that was his heyday. Now, ever since he's gone downhill, I mean that's kind of a depressing way to put it. I kind of like Young, Smokey, or maybe like,


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[Assistant] Crew chief Smokey because he was Doc Hudson's crew chief at the time. He was rooting him on and then of course Doc crashed and Smokey was sad.


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[Assistant] I will be getting them soon as singles to review of course. I do have the little mini racers for these two though. Junior Moon does not have a mini racer. I will do reviews on these here as well in the near future. I want to get the


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[Assistant] 155 scale diecast first. So let's start here with Doc. I will briefly talk about him because I obviously already reviewed him, so...


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[Assistant] No way, is that a huge chip I see right there? Ah, it is. On the right, left side of your mirror, I can't.


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[Assistant] See all this dirt here, see how it's kind of like a rustic color, even though it's not supposed to be rust, it's supposed to be dirt, but you can see how it like fades the T there, and the rims, the logos and what not, it looks really cool, I like it a lot, it's on both sides, obviously.


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[Assistant] But the version I got in the single package did not have that, so that was rather unfortunate. At the time I thought it was a variation, but people have told me since that simply


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[Assistant] And this light blue one that I have here as well. So that's pretty interesting. It's easier to see in real life than on the camera. So I guess that's pretty cool. We'll back him up a little bit. Obviously on the hood there you have the twin H power, which stands for horsepower.


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[Assistant] Tax decals. I like the chrome grill there with the red hood ornament slash decal.


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[Assistant] Let's just check out this one because there's no like interference of the dirt. Dirt track racer, so that's what it says here there too, but it's just covered with the dirt a little bit there.


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[Assistant] You have the old Piston Cub logo with the checkered flags on either side. It says Hornet right there, but it's obviously covered in dirt. Fabulous Hudson Hornet, I like the more dirt there as well. 51, that's his number obviously. Four 51s in the roof corners and then on the edges you have Hudson Hornet in some nice,


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[Assistant] White text. On the trunk here you can see some hornet decals along with the trunk handle which


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[Assistant] It's kind of cock eye, you can see that decal, it's applied a little cock eye.


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[Assistant] But you have those two decals right there and the chrome bumper. Looking very, very cool. And here's the base if you're interested.


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[Assistant] So that's pretty much it for Doc, I will compare him to the Cars 1 Fabulous Hudson Horn here, so the difference is, I do go over this in my video exclusively for Doc, but I'll do it again for you guys here, so,


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[Assistant] Obviously no dirt, but it's not air on this one, it's actually supposed to be like that. And no riding on the tires there, so no dirt track racer. And also see how this is like,


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[Assistant] Straight going all the way to the back. There's no cut out there, but there's a cut out there for the offenders. So, kinda interesting there that they changed it up. I always like change though, I'm always for it.


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[Assistant] So how are you guys doing today? Let me know in the comment section below. If you liked today.


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[Assistant] It's been a great day. I have work. It's Saturday for me, by the way. I don't know when this video will exactly come out. Another 360 with the Cars 1 crew chief version with the headset. But anyway, I was at work.


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[Assistant] Recording a video for you guys, and I did reply to like a whole bunch of comments on my episode 7 video. It was pretty exciting, it was fabulous, Lightning McQueen. But yea, such.


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[Assistant] It has finally arrived, so I hope you guys enjoy it. If you haven't, watch it already. And if you did, let me know if you liked it or not. Alright, moving on to Hay Day Smoky. Now this guy...


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[Assistant] Is a beauty. He's a beauty for sure. I love the expression first of all. It's slightly different than the regular Smokies expression. See how this arches a little bit less I think. Like this eyelid arches less than this one right here. It goes up and comes down.


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[Assistant] I may be wrong, but I just feel like the eyes and the eyelids are a little bit different. Mouths look identical though. You can see the little red emblem there, similar to Doc Hudson he has on the top of his grill. I like it, I like it.


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[Assistant] Of course, instead of like the rust and all that stuff, he now has this fancy red, maroon, orange, whatever. I don't know the exact color. It's not like crimson.


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[Assistant] But anyway, this part here is metal, this like center portion here, like these side things here are not actually metal, the fenders are not metal, and it looks like


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[Assistant] Possibly this bed here is metal, like the sides of it.


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[Assistant] Anyway, though, Smokey's Alamo of Service, Thomasville, that hasn't changed much from 1950.


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[Assistant] Here are the beds, they're pretty much the same, not much aging.


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[Assistant] GRG obviously standing for best garage. So same thing nowadays on the regular older version.


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[Assistant] Can't believe it. I feel like I'm contradicting myself by saying like the older version yet it's the like current version. I don't know, but you guys know what I'm talking about. This is Smokey in present day and it's the like older self of him.


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[Assistant] Anyway, he also has the spare tire, which was an addition from the short bed version, which we'll talk about in a second here. So he has the spare tire there. So that's pretty cool, although it doesn't really match.


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[Assistant] That, whereas it matches that. So that would have been cool if they changed it up, but no big deal. And one thing that I didn't notice that's not on the normal smokey is this gas cap right here. See how it's nicely indented in the fender there?


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[Assistant] Definitely not on this version here. Actually, oh man, it is there. Oh yeaah, you can see it alright, you can see it.


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[Assistant] I guess I'm just blind, it's hard to see there with all the rust and whatnot, so I guess it's there. Oopsies, my bad.


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[Assistant] And he also has the chains here that keep the bed hatch, like, upright. So if you unleash the chains, then everything's going to fall down.


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[Assistant] The rust is a little bit different from these two, but we're not comparing them. I already did compare them in the video that I was talking about earlier.


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[Assistant] Height, not height, but length and width there. Alright guys, so that is all for my review of Hay Day Smoky and Dirt Track Fabulous Hudson Hornet in the 2 pack together. Thank you guys very much for watching, I hope you enjoyed this video and thanks again to Maizen Boys Toys for this great set, and you know what?


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[Assistant] But anyway, thank you guys so much for watching. I will see you all next time for another video. Bye now!


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[Assistant] I will get there as well as another, and if anything happens, it could happen to anyone.


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[Assistant] Too late, Duval. That means we're done for. This time we failed. Too bad. Yes. Too bad.


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[Assistant] If you think for a moment that I would advise a British soldier to give himself up, you are vastly mistaken.


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[Assistant] Hey Minnie, you have the money? We'll pay when we're safely across and not before. Now I'll trouble you for some food for our friend.


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[Assistant] Why you? Because I have some sense and my clothes on.


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[Assistant] The next day a keen wind brought fresh and blinding falls.


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[Assistant] By twilight the valley was drifted up and almost impassable. I had closed my shutter, laid a mat to the door to prevent the snow from blowing in under it.


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[Assistant] Trimmed my fire, and after sitting nearly an hour on the hearth listening to the muffled fury of the tempest,


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[Assistant] I lit a candle, took down Marmion, and beginning...


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[Assistant] Day set on Norham's castled steep, And Tweed's fair river broad and deep, And Cheviot's mountains lone, The massive towers the dungeon keep, The flanking walls that round them sweep, In yellow luster shone. I soon forgot storm in music. I heard a noise. The wind, I thought, shook the door. No.


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[Assistant] It was St. John Rivers, who lifting the latch, came in out of the frozen hurricane, the howling darkness, and stood before me.


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[Assistant] The cloak that covered his tall figure all white as a glacier.


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[Assistant] I was almost in consternation, so little had I expected any guests from the blocked-up vale that night. Any ill news? I demanded. Has anything happened? No. I very easily alarmed you. He answered, removing his cloak and hanging it up against the door.


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[Assistant] Towards which he again coolly pushed the mat, which his entrance had deranged. He stamped the snow from his boots. I shall sully the purity of your floor, said he, but you must excuse me for once. Then he approached the fire. I have had hard work to get here, I assure you, he observed as he warmed his hands over the flame. One drift took me up to the waist. Happily, the snow is quite soft yet. But why, you can't.


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[Assistant] I could not forbear saying. Rather an inhospitable question to put to a visitor.


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[Assistant] But since you ask it, I answer simply to have a little talk with you. I got tired of my mute books and empty rooms. Besides, since yesterday,


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[Assistant] I have experienced the excitement of a person to whom a tale has been half told, and who is impatient to hear the sequel.


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[Assistant] He sat down. I recalled his singular conduct of yesterday, and really I began to fear his wits were touched.


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[Assistant] If he were insane, however, his was a very cool and collected insanity.


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[Assistant] I had never seen that handsome featured face of his look more like chiseled marble than it did just now, as he put aside his snow-wet hair from his forehead, and let the firelight shine free on his pale brow and cheek as pale.


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[Assistant] Where it grieved me to discover the hollow trace of care or sorrow now so plainly graved.


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[Assistant] I waited, expecting he would say something I could at least comprehend.


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[Assistant] But his hand was now at his chin, his finger on his lip, he was thinking. It struck me that his hand looked wasted like his face.


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[Assistant] Perhaps uncalled-for gush of pity came over my heart. I was moved to say, I wish Diana or Mary would come and live with you. It is too bad that you should be quite alone, and you are recklessly rash about your own health. Not at all, said he. I care for myself when necessary. I am well now. What do you see amiss in me?


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[Assistant] This was said with a careless, abstracted indifference, which showed that my solicitude was, at least in his opinion, wholly superfluous. I was silenced.


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[Assistant] He still slowly moved his finger over his upper lip and still his eye dwelt dreamily on the glowing grate. Thinking it urgent to say something.


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[Assistant] I asked him presently if he felt any cold draught from the door which was behind him. No, no, he responded shortly and somewhat testily. Well, I reflected, if you won't talk you may be still. I'll let you alone now and return to my book.


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[Assistant] So I snuffed the candle and resumed the perusal of Marmion. He soon stirred. My eye was instantly drawn to his movements.


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[Assistant] He only took out a Morocco pocketbook, thence produced a letter which he read in silence, folded it, put it back, relapsed into meditation.


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[Assistant] It was vain to try to read with such an inscrutable fixture before me, nor could I in my impatience consent to be dumb.


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[Assistant] He might rebuff me if he liked, but talk I would.


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[Assistant] Have you heard from Diana and Mary lately? Not since the letter I showed you a week ago. There has not been any change made about your own arrangements. You will not be summoned to leave England sooner than you expected?


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[Assistant] I fear not, indeed. Such chance is too good to befall me. Baffled so far, I changed my ground. I bethought myself to talk about the school and my scholars.


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[Assistant] Mary Garrett's mother is better, and Mary came back to the school this morning. But I shall have four new girls next week from the foundry close. They would have come to-day but for the snow. Indeed. Mr. Oliver pays for two. Does he? He means to give the whole school a treat at Christmas. I know. Was it your suggestion? No. Whose then? His daughter's, I think.


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[Assistant] Again came the blank of a pause. The clock struck eight strokes.


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[Assistant] It aroused him, he uncrossed his legs, sat erect, turned to me. Leave your book a moment and come a little nearer the fire, he said.


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[Assistant] Wondering, and of my wonder finding no end, I complied.


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[Assistant] Half an hour ago, he pursued, I spoke of my impatience to hear the sequel of a tale.


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[Assistant] On reflection, I find the matter will be better managed by my assuming the narrator's part and converting you into a listener.


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[Assistant] But stale details often regain a degree of freshness when they pass through new lips. For the rest, whether trite or novel, it is short.


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[Assistant] Hello friends, welcome back to our channel. In this video, we are going to learn how to adjust the setup and hold time of a flip-flop. And it is very commonly asked interview question. Let us see how we adjust it.


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[Assistant] Friends, setup time and hold time of a flip-flop is fixed once the chip is fabricated. It cannot be changed.


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[Assistant] But by putting some glue logic around the flip-flop, we can still adjust the setup time and hold time of a circuit. And that is what we are going to learn.


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[Assistant] In this entire video, I will be taking this flip-flop having fixed setup and hold time. The setup time I will consider TSU underscore FF. FF stands for flip-flop. And hold time will be THD underscore FF.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now let us see how to use the gluelogic to adjust the setup time and hold time of a flip-flop.


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[Assistant] Let's see the first example and let us see how to increase the setup time of a flip-flop.


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[Assistant] And I will put some glue logic around it so that the setup time of that circuit will be increased.


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[Assistant] But the functionality will remain equivalent to a flip-flop only.


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[Assistant] So in this case I simply need to put some combination logic gate delay on the data path. And the setup time.


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[Assistant] Of this circuitry, which is equivalent to a flip flop only, will have some larger setup time.


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[Assistant] So this circuitry will have data as an input and clock as an input.


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[Assistant] So if we see setup time with respect to this data, the setup time will be increased.


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[Assistant] The setup time in terms of this D input will still be the same.


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[Assistant] Now let us see how much this setup time will be increased for this circuitry. Now the setup time in terms of this data input. It will be equal to tsetup underscore flipflop plus tpropagation delay on the data path. Now let me explain you how.


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[Assistant] Friends, let us try to look its answer into the timing waveform.


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[Assistant] This is the clock signal which is directly going to the C input of a flip-flop. And this is the D input of a flip-flop.


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[Assistant] And this is data input of a new circuitry, which is acting as a flip-flop. Now, if I want my flip-flop to work fine and without malfunctioning and without going into the meta-stability state, my D input must be stable for some minimum time before this clock edge. And which is called setup time. It also should be stable for this whole time. Then only it will be reliably passed at the output.


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[Assistant] As we know that we have put some delay on the data line. So this data,


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[Assistant] Is delayed by this tpd underscore data delay. And then it will reach at the daytime.


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[Assistant] So if I want to meet this minimum requirement of a flip-flop, data should be applied somewhere here, and there should be a delay of tpd underscore data.


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[Assistant] Then only it will ditch and meet the set up time requirement of a flip flop.


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[Assistant] Now let us see what will be the setup time of this data with respect to this clock. It is bit increased. Now it is setup time plus tpd underscore data.


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[Assistant] Now in the second example, let us see how to decrease the setup time of a flip-flop. It is also very easy.


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[Assistant] Instead of putting some combination logic delay on the data path, put it on the clock path. You can say add some skew to the clock, which is reaching to this C input.


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[Assistant] Then, the setup time of this new circuitry will be reduced. Now let us see what will be the setup time of this new circuitry.


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[Assistant] The setup time will be, setup time of this flip flop, minus.


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[Assistant] The gate delays that we added on this clock path. Or we can see the amount of skew that we added.


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[Assistant] Will reduce the setup time of this new flip-flop.


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[Assistant] Now the new flip-flop will have data as an input, clock as an input. Now let us see how this is decreased. Let us see the timing waveform.


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[Assistant] This is the C input of a flip-flop, which is not exactly the clock input now.


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[Assistant] And this is data input, which is directly applied on the D input of a flip flop.


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[Assistant] And it is applied in such a way that it is meeting the setup time and hold time of a flip-flop. So that my flip-flop should not malfunction.


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[Assistant] Now we know that we have put some delay on the clock path. There is a secure. So that means to meet this minimum requirement.


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[Assistant] It will reach at the C input of a flip-flop. And my flip-flop will work fine, without any problem. Now let us calculate the setup time of this new circuitry, which is data and clock input. The setup time is bit reduced. It is how much now? Setup time of a flip-flop? Setup time of a flip-flop? Minus TPD underscore clock. So, this is the setup time window of a new circuitry.


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[Assistant] Now in the third part of the video, let us see how to increase the hold time of a flip flop.


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[Assistant] In this case, we simply need to add some combination logic path delay on this clock path. Or we can say we simply need to add some clock skew on the clock path.


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[Assistant] Then the whole time of this new circuitry will be more than as compared to the whole time of this standalone flip flop. Let us see how much.


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[Assistant] Now the hold time of this data input with respect to this clock signal will be equal to T hold of this flip-flop plus T propagation delay on this clock path. So whatever delay we have added with this, this will be increased.


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[Assistant] Now let us see how this is increased by adding this gate delay. Let us look into the timing waveform. This is the C input which is not exactly same as the clock input. And this is data which is applied directly on the D input of a flip flop.


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[Assistant] And we are applying data in such a way that it is just meeting the setup and hold time requirement of a flip-flop so that the flip-flop should work fine without any problems.


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[Assistant] And as we know, we have added a skew on this clock path. So, uh, the clock should be applied somewhere here and there should be delay of tpd underscore clock.


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[Assistant] So that this clock should reach at this C input of flip-flop and my flip-flop should work without malfunctioning. Now let us see what will be the hold time of this data with respect to this clock. Previously,


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[Assistant] For a standalone flip flop, it was this whole time. But now, this data should be stable for this much time from this clock edge.


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[Assistant] And now it is whole time of a flip flop, plus tpd underscore clock, which is delay added on this clock path. So it is increased by that month.


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[Assistant] Now in this fourth part of video we will learn how to decrease the hold time of a flip-flop.


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[Assistant] In this case, we simply need to add some combination logic part delay on the data path instead of adding delay on the clock path.


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[Assistant] Now in this new circuitry, this data will have reduced hold time as compared to the hold time of this standalone flip-flop. Let us see how much.


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[Assistant] Now the hold time of this data with respect to this clock will be equal to hold time of a flip-flop minus the delay added on this data path. Now let us see how this is reduced. To get its answer, let us see the timing waveform.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So this is the clock signal which is directly applied at the C input of a flip-flop. And this is the D input of a flip-flop.


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[Assistant] As we know, the flip-flop will work fine if this D input will follow the setup time and hold time requirements. And as we know, we have added some delay on this data path. So this data should be applied somewhere.


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[Assistant] Here, and this delay should be equal to the propagation delay added on the data path, which is tpd underscore data, so that my flip-flop should work fine without any problem.


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[Assistant] Now let us calculate the new hold time of this data with respect to this clock signal. Now the hold time is bit reduced.


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[Assistant] See this clock edge and see for how much time we need to hold this data.


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[Assistant] Previously the hold time of the flip flop was this much amount. Now the new hold time is the hold time of a standalone flip flop minus tpd data. So whatever delay we have added on the data path, hold time is reduced by that much amount.


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[Assistant] Friends now let me conclude few points from our discussion.


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[Assistant] Setup time of a new flip-flow will be increased by the amount of delay added on the data path.


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[Assistant] And, setup time of a new flip-flop will be reduced by the amount of delay added on the clock path.


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[Assistant] Similarly, whole time of a new flip flop will be increased by the amount of delay added on the clock path. And lastly,


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[Assistant] The whole time of a new flip flop will be reduced by the amount of delay added on the data part.


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[Assistant] Friends, this is the last part of the video and in fact it is a question for you. What will be the final setup and hold time of this new flip-flop? You can take your time, you can pause the video here. Otherwise, let me explain you the answer.


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[Assistant] The setup time of this new, uh, flip-flop, which is setup time of this data with respect to this clock, which will be equal to setup time of this standalone flip-flop, minus the propagation delay added on the clock path,


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[Assistant] Plus the propagation delay added on this data path.


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[Assistant] So that means setup time is increased by the amount of delay added on the data path.


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[Assistant] And it will be reduced if we add any clocks queue.


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[Assistant] The whole time is equal to the whole time of this standalone flip-flop.


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[Assistant] Plus propagation delay added on the clock path.


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[Assistant] Minus the propagation delay added on the data path.


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[Assistant] Friends whatever values of setup and hold time that we got for this data input with respect to this clock signal are cracked but are not precise.


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[Assistant] So if you want to dig into the preciseness, then let us see how to get the precise values.


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[Assistant] Friends, before knowing the precise value of the setup and hold time of this new flip-flop, let me tell you one theory. When a chip is fabricated, and for example if we are implementing 10 inverters inside the same chip,


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[Assistant] And all the inverters will have different delays, different propagation delays. And it is because of process limitation in the fabrication technology. We cannot control it. So when we get a chip, and we get a specification along with that,


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[Assistant] And in that specification we get minimum delay possible for any combination logic gate. Maximum delay possible with the combination logic gates.


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[Assistant] And typical delay for the combination logic gates. So why I am telling you because we have added the combination logic delay here. It can give some minimum value that we cannot predict.


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[Assistant] It may also give some maximum value because of the process limitation. Similarly, delay added on the clock path. Whatever delay we have added, it may give us some value as per the minimum specification. It can also give you the value as per the maximum specification. Now let us see the new setup time. The new setup time will be setup time of this flip-flop minus propagation delay added on the clock path. And I am taking the minimum value because we are negating it.


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[Assistant] Plus propagation delay added on the data part. I am taking the maximum value. Why I take the minimum value for this propagation delay on the clock path? Because we are negating it. And why maximum value? Because I am making plus in this setup time. So that I can get the worst case setup time of this new flip-flop. Similarly, the hold time. Hold time will be equal to hold time of this flip-flop.


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[Assistant] Plus propagation delay added on the clock path. I am taking maximum value because I am adding it. Minus propagation delay on the data path. And minimum value because we are subtracting it. So that I can get the best possible hold time requirement for this flip-flop.


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[Assistant] Friends with this, I am going to close this video and I hope that it would be quite informative for all of you. And in future also we will keep on making such type of videos. And viewers, those who have not subscribed my channel yet, please subscribe it. And for the notification of the videos, don't forget to press the bell icon. Thank you so much for watching.


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[Assistant] It was near Christmas by the time all was settled. The season of general holiday approached. I now closed Morton's school, taking care that the parting should not be barren on my side. Good fortune opens the hand as well as the heart wonderfully, and to give somewhat when we have largely received


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[Assistant] Is but to afford a vent to the unusual abolition of the sensations.


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[Assistant] I had long felt with pleasure that many of my rustic scholars liked me, and when we parted, that consciousness was confirmed. They manifested their affection plainly and strongly.


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[Assistant] Deep was my gratification to find I had really a place in their unsophisticated hearts. I promised them that never a week should pass in future that I did not visit them, and give them an hour's teaching in their school.


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[Assistant] Mr. Rivers came up as, having seen the classes, now numbering sixty girls, file out before me and lock the door. I stood with a key in my hand


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[Assistant] Exchanging a few words of special farewell with some half-dozen of my best scholars, as decent, respectable, modest, and well-informed young women as could be found in the ranks of the British peasantry. And that is saying a great deal, for after all, the British peasantry are the best-taught, best-mannered, most self-respecting of any in Europe.


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[Assistant] Since those days I have seen Peisan and Bowerinen, and the best of them seemed to me ignorant, coarse and besotted compared with my Morton girls.


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[Assistant] Do you consider you have got your reward for a season of exhaustion? Ask Mr. Rivers when they were gone.


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[Assistant] Does not the consciousness of having done some real good in your day and generation give pleasure? Doubtless. And you have only toiled a few months.


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[Assistant] Would not a life devoted to the task of regenerating your race be well spent? Yes, I said, but I could not go on for ever so.


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[Assistant] I want to enjoy my own faculties as well as to cultivate those of other people. I must enjoy them now. Don't recall either my mind or body to the school. I am out of it and disposed for full holiday. He looked grave. What now? What sudden eagerness is this, you evince? What are you going to do? To be active. As active as I can.


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[Assistant] And first I must beg you to set Hannah at liberty, and get somebody else to wait on you. Do you want her? Yes, to go with me to Morehouse. Diana and Mary will be at home in a week, and I want to have everything in order against their arrival. I understand. I thought you were flying off on some excursion. It is better so. Hannah shall go with you. Tell her to be ready by tomorrow then. And here is the schoolroom key. I will give you the key of my cottage in the morning.


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[Assistant] He took it. You give it up very gleefully, said he. I don't quite understand your light-heartedness.


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[Assistant] Because I cannot tell what employment you propose to yourself as a substitute for the one you are relinquishing. What aim, what purpose, what ambition in life have you now?


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[Assistant] My first aim will be to clean down. Do you comprehend the full force of the expression? To clean down more house from chamber to cellar.


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[Assistant] My third, to arrange every chair, table, bed, carpet with mathematical precision. Afterwards I shall go near to ruin you in coals and peat, to keep up good fires in every room.


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[Assistant] And lastly, the two days preceding that on which your sisters are expected, will be devoted by Hannah and me to such a beating of eggs, sorting of currants, grating of spices, compounding of Christmas cakes.


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[Assistant] Chopping up of materials for mince pies and solemnizing of other culinary rights, as words can convey but an inadequate notion of to the uninitiated like you.


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[Assistant] My purpose, in short, is to have all things in an absolutely perfect state of readiness for Diana and Mary before next Thursday, and my ambition is to give them a beau ideal of a welcome when they come." St. John smiled slightly. Still he was dissatisfied. "'It is all very well for the present,' said he. But seriously, I trust when the first flush of vivacity is over,


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[Assistant] You will look a little higher than domestic endearments and household joys. The best thing the world has! I interrupted. No, Jane, no.


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[Assistant] This world is not the scene of fruition. Do not attempt to make it so. Nor of rest, do not turn slothful. I mean on the contrary, to be busy. Jane, I excuse you for the present.


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[Assistant] And for pleasing yourself with this late found charm of relationship.


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[Assistant] And sisterly society and the selfish, calm and sensual comfort of civilized affluence.


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[Assistant] I hope your energies will then once more trouble you with their strength.


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[Assistant] I looked at him with surprise. Sinjan, I said, I think you are almost wicked to talk so. I am disposed to be as content as a queen, and you try to stir me up to restlessness. To what end?


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[Assistant] Alright, no jumper, no jumper. We're here with motherfucking Mike G.


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[Assistant] Yeah, I gotta figure out who to talk to or whatever man. Do you like Vlad? I'll look into it.


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[Assistant] He's cool. That's the thing I like about this is that it's more just like, like it's funny cause sometimes complex will like grab, like that's what happened with that Tyler Grosso interview, like they grabbed it because he like talked about not liking Travis Scott so they were just all over it, you know, but like I like the idea of just doing the long form one and then letting the fucking media companies figure out if there's anything offensive in there. I feel it. Yeah, that's why.


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[Assistant] Well, I didn't watch that, but I watched the freestyle that you did associated with it. Shout out to Intuition. Hell yea man. Are you a Charlemagne fan or does he ever offend you?


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[Assistant] So yeaah, you are fucking seven years younger than me. I guess that means that you probably like, the internet was...


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[Assistant] Really? But how long is it going to take you to beat, or are you trying to beat the whole game or are you just doing the multiplayer shit?


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[Assistant] Hey, what's your, uh, your, your means of intaking weed these days? Like, what's your ideal, uh, way again, huh?


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[Assistant] And with the whole, the fact that Keeling got arrested too, I'm thinking like, he's probably just rolling, he probably gave him a ride, right?


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[Assistant] Tearing up Fairfax is a big old mob. Yeaah.


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[Assistant] I know, we just talked about that with Venusia. I wonder if he's still getting paid off though. Is that how that works? I don't fucking know.


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[Assistant] I think that was the deal, it was released only in Hot Topic, I was like, that is a good deal.


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[Assistant] Nah, you're too far in your career to just be going to the gathering just for the hell of it. Oh yeaah.


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[Assistant] Eminem has had some of the best beats of all time. What's your favorite beat that you've ever seen Eminem get into?


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[Assistant] Yes, that whole thing. Yeah, the fucking shit with Ja Rule and everything. I love that era. That was fantastic.


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[Assistant] See, that's some super old shit, dude. Yea, that was funny, though. That was a funny ass error. That was when, like, you would do a verse and you had no idea whose song it was gonna go on and that's what happened with the Joe Budden one is that, uh, they put him on a song with Game and 50 was all pissed because they're supposed to have beef and- Okay. Yea, were you a 50 Cent superfan at any point in your life?


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[Assistant] Yeaah, me too. It's almost kinda sad that he doesn't like, put out music that is uh, necessarily as good as his old shit these days, you know?


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[Assistant] See rap has changed so much, you know, it's tough to still be 50 cent in 2015, you know.


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[Assistant] So when you like, think back on those days, do you miss that? Is that like a...


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[Assistant] Are those simpler times you like think about that and it's like you were a little kid in comparison to now?


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[Assistant] What do you mean by that? What did you not do that you would have done if you could go back in time?


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[Assistant] Uh huh. Cause you were doing a shitload of traveling and everything back then?


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[Assistant] Enjoying life, you know, like because even like if you go in the studio, obviously you like making music or whatever, but that's still, you know, it's a sacrifice because you could be sitting around on the beach or you could be sitting on the couch smoking and playing video games. And that's kind of like the decision you make every day when you wake up is like, am I going to enjoy what I have or am I going to work to be better or to have something more?


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[Assistant] But have they influenced you more recently or was it just since early on when you met them?


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[Assistant] Yeah, that's crazy. Is it fucked up for you? Did you ever expect that?


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[Assistant] Yeaah. Hey, speaking of the Grammys, here's a controversial question.


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[Assistant] And I think he got none for Good Kid Mad City, or close to none.


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[Assistant] See, it's, it's, sometimes I feel old school talking about like, what's your favorite album of the year? Because half the rappers that me and my friends fuck with are not necessarily the kind of dudes that are really album-based, you know? Like, it might just be like, oh, I listen to this dude SoundCloud. And you listen to his SoundCloud a thousand times this year, but maybe not a particular mixtape, you know?


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[Assistant] This is the question. What was the music that you were driving around listening to right after you graduated high school? Also, did you graduate high school?


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[Assistant] So The Cool Kids was an inspiration to you before you guys got poppin', like a couple years in advance, huh?


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[Assistant] Because did you not have much internet access at the time to be going and downloading music?


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[Assistant] What was the TS on that you first got into him with? 24s?


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[Assistant] Really? And so what's the process of getting a song with Obie Trice? Was it like, you told him, like, yo, I need a verse son? Or was it like, he-


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So were you making music when you were living in Japan or did you just get into it when you moved back?


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[Assistant] Do you get paid off of chopping and screwing projects? Yeah. Or is it just for the love? Yeah. Okay.


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[Assistant] Because there are a lot of people doing this who just do like a super bullshit ass job and just...


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[Assistant] What, what, do you remember when you realized, like, oh, like, this shit is actually popping?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So you said you were like a fan of what they were doing at the time? Like you were just kinda watching it online?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, I'd say a billboard cover is a pretty good sign that your career is taking off.


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[Assistant] When you're in the moment, that must have been insane, like you're just stuck in the middle of the fucking hurricane.


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[Assistant] What, uhm, at what point, uh, like, what were the craziest trips that you've ever been on as part of Odd Future and shit?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And so, you guys had to go bail people out of jail and shit? Yeah, that happened. God damn, that's crazy. Yeah.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What, you're the guy trying to like, keep the peace? Generally speaking?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What do you think about DJ Khaled's Snapchat? Have you been paying attention to all this insanity?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] He's really taking on a whole new, a whole new career, a whole new lifestyle lately.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Just insane positive. It's like he's realized that he's popular on the internet for being funny. And now he's decided to really just own it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Little by little he keeps figuring out how to own his persona.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If you could get one high priced like R&B singer chorus for your next project, but you didn't have to pay for it, who would it be?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Dang, probably. And if you say like Janet Jackson, I kinda consider that cheating because it's just so out of the realm of possibility. But Akon and T-Pain, that could happen. That's more realistic.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Okay. But that's something you can see yourself in.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, hey, were you, uhm, were you at the Odd Future Carnival when, uh, what's his name? Try to call Tyler out real quick.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Did it take some attention off of everything else?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But did you have, you had more involvement earlier on? Yea.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They want that initial group that they started paying attention to to be friends forever.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I was devastated when Adele outsold N'Sync in their first week.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Isn't that insane? That's crazy. That's uh, it's absurd that she was able to fucking outdo that record.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But I heard that it's partially because, you know, with the digital, like, calculations of album sales, uhm,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Because you could not look at Twitter for 8 hours and then check your mentions, or you could check your mentions every 20 minutes for 8 hours, and you've spent so much more time interacting with this, whereas you could just check in on it after, and it's like crazy because sometimes I'll be interviewing people and I'll see them checking their fucking Twitter mentions or whatever while in the middle of the interview and I'm just like, dude, like,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If you're gonna not interact with your phone for like an hour out of your week, like maybe when you're on camera being interviewed would be a good time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's hard to, it's hard to concentrate. Hey, what about Vince's album though? His album was fucking incredible this year. Yeah, yeah, it was great.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah. It's crazy to think of what the future could be for him because that was out, that was like album one and there's a long, I could definitely see him blowing up. Yeah, definitely. He's got something about him.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] See, that's the weird, yeah, because would you say you're super influenced by like 90s rap or did you mostly come into paying attention in the 2000s?


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[Assistant] Vibrant's not a word. I know it's vibrant, but there is no HIV.


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[Assistant] Rap beef, so your favorite rap beef from back in the day, because I, okay, okay, this is the question I forgot to ask before, is, cause that whole Eminem Benzino beef was based on them digging up those old ass tapes of Eminem saying the N-word back in the day, joking around, making these songs. And that was really weird, because I never felt like Eminem took that much heat for it, like it seemed like everybody just forgave him immediately.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Who was it? It's still too fresh, you can't talk about it.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's like an insult, but back when I was in the G Unit days, I was just, everybody was on everybody's beat. Yea, nah, I don't mind at all.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So you're not really the relationship type? Nah, I'm too...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What, what is the parts about your lifestyle? Just the touring or what? Yea. Insane amounts of weed?


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[Assistant] Is that an issue for you? Do you have a hard time not cheating? Uhm, I did. Yea, I did.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeaah. Do you prefer, do you find it hard to balance a relationship and being fully passionate about your career and music? I would think it is difficult.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So the internet was sort of founded because they had a psychedelic experience that told them that they needed to start this group?


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[Assistant] Yeah. Hey, is that a big deal for you? Do you have to buy a lot of presents for people?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But yo, if you wanna do a song that connects with a good holiday anthem that's outside Christmas, The Monster Mash, for Halloween.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was the monster mash, it was a graveyard smash. Horrorcore is still poppin'.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Or even Easter, Easter could have a good, some few good songs. Bunnies, you know, that's a, some good imagery to play with.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know, they said that they didn't put March Madness on DS2 because they thought that it was too political.


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[Assistant] Cause there's just that one line where they say cops shooting kids, it's tragic. Man, that's shit.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's what Esco said though, he said that that song was too political to be on DS2 and DS2 was just purely debaucherous. Powerful.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What are the best places for people to stay in touch with what you're doing on the internet? Twitter? Soundcloud?


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[Assistant] Let's go. You heard what the boss said?


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[Assistant] Not at all. I've often wondered what is back of these grim doors. Oh, it's exactly what you'd expect. 1890. Excellent taste, inherited wealth, in the face of our forefathers. It's not always what meets the eye, gentlemen.


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[Assistant] Waiting to take the old Wall Street pirate and his two daughters to church. Now you can see why I'd give anything to avoid a court action. She's such a lovely old heirloom, despite her eccentricities.


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[Assistant] This is purely an informal visit, Miss Reed. Nothing official, I assure you.


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[Assistant] A little item of $1,675,000 in the past nine months. She bought half a million dollars worth of dead rats.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Aunt Matilda adopted three boys, gave them every advantage that she gave me, and then when they grew up, they walked out on her. And you haven't heard from them since?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You would trust a fortune of millions to boys you once befriended, from whom you haven't heard in years? Yes, and you would too, if you could meet them.