[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, it still takes, uh, quadratic time in the worst case. Uh, but heap sort, uh, does both. Now there's more complicated versions of merge sort and quick sort that can do this in theory. Uh, but heap sort is a pretty simple algorithm, uh, that gets both done.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, now in practice, uh, heapsorts actually not use that much, uh, for a couple of reasons. And they might ask you these, uh, on your job interview too.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, first thing is the inner loop is, uh, longer than quicksorts. Uh, like merge sort, there's more things to do in the inner loop. Uh, there's that compare of the two children bigger, and then, then compare, and so, so there's two compares that get done, uh, and, and log n times, and then there's some, uh, that array index arithmetic.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The references to memory are all over the place when it's a huge array. So it's not a good algorithm for a situation where there's caching, which is almost everywhere nowadays.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It doesn't have local memory reference like quick sort does. It's always referring to something that's nearby something else that it just referred to. So if a big block of things comes into memory there's no more extra cost. Whereas heap sort is going to look far away from the current place as it goes down the tree. And that makes it slower in a lot of situations.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And the other thing is it's not stable. Sometimes people choose to use merge sort in practice because of the stability, but heap sort's not stable for the usual reason that it does long distance exchanges that might


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, and this is just adding the heapsort line, uh, to the table. Uh, it's in place. Uh, we don't use any, uh, auxiliary array.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, it's not stable, but it's worst case guaranteed time is proportional to n log n, as well as the average and, and the best. This is, uh, not a, uh, a trivial result, but it's also, uh, the case.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So it's n log n guarantee in place, but it's not stable and we still have the hope that someday somebody will develop a simple, in place, stable, worst case n log n algorithm, but we're not quite there yet.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And that completes our treatment of sorting algorithms with the heap sort algorithm.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Guys, don't forget, you still have to clarify your consommés as well. And that's the reserved breasts for the raft.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Welcome back. Today we're going to look at priority queues, which is a variant of sorting that generalizes the idea to provide more flexible data structure that we can use for all sorts of applications.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] To get started, we'll look at the API and some elementary implementations.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, a week or so ago we looked at collections in Java and the idea of elementary data structures where we insert and delete items and then the data structures differ on the basis of which item we choose to delete.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We looked at the pushdown stack where we removed the item that was most recently added and the queue where we removed the item that was least recently added.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, and then we talked about randomized queue or a bag where we might remove a random or an arbitrary item. Today what we're going to talk about is called the priority queue. And for that, we insert items, but when it's time to remove, we consider the items to have a total order and we want to remove the largest or the smallest items.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If later we cert X, A, and M, then we remove max. The largest one in there is X. Uh, and we cert P, L, and E, and then after a while we remove max P. So that's our basic setup. That's what a definition of what a priority queue is.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So the Java language for that is in the class header, we say that our generic type, key, extends comparable of key. That just means that our keys must be comparable and we must have a compare to method that will compare it to another key.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Otherwise, we have a constructor, and actually for some applications it's convenient to have a constructor that takes an array of keys as argument.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, then in an insert, that's put something in, uh, like push in a stack or enqueue in a queue. Uh, then delete the maximum. Uh, I referred to delete the minimum, uh, just to avoid confusion, we have implementation, uh, separate implementation, usually minpq where we delete the minimum.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, then, uh, test is empty, uh, and, uh, we also sometimes have, uh, extra method that just gives us the value of the largest key.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And also size, which is useful sometimes in collections. You might also want it to be iterable, but we'll skip that for now.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's lots and lots of applications of priority queues, even though it emerged as a data structure relatively late in the game. Now that we see that there are many algorithms that are much easier to implement when we think about the priority queue abstraction.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We have data that we're processing. We can't process it all at once. We have to save it some way. And then what the priority queue tells us is let's organize it in some way so that we're always taking the best one to process next.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And that turns out to be very close to a generic algorithmic design technique that we'll be looking at in many, many different applications.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, that is based on not priority queues, but it's also used in numerical computation. Uh, and we'll see in the algorithms for data compression and graph searching, uh, that it's useful, uh, and in many other applications in computer science and in scientific computing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It generalizes the stack in the queue and gives us a data structure that we can use to effectively design algorithms of all sorts.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, billions of transactions, uh, uh, in where they're streaming through, uh, our data warehouse or our processor in some way. Uh, just a very, very huge number of transactions. In fact, we couldn't possibly hope to even store them all. Uh, there's trillions of them there coming through as fast as possible.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, and so we can pick some number that we can store. We'd like to, uh, store, uh, the, uh, thousand biggest ones. So you can imagine a credit card company looking for fraud, uh, is gonna care about keeping track of the, uh, uh, largest transactions. So maybe we can store millions or thousands of them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, so that's our parameter m. That's the number we can afford to store.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, uh, and this is just, uh, some, uh, test data where we've got all, uh, all these transactions. And so we're going to be able to take in data like this, and again, uh, in unbounded stream of data. Uh, but let's say we want to keep track of the top five, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, so, uh, we're gonna look at a client program called Top-M, uh, that takes a command line argument, how many, in this case it's gonna say five, uh, and then it's gonna take from standard input, uh, the transactions, uh, and it'll print out the top five.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, so with the priority queue abstraction, uh, that's not too difficult to do. Uh, so, uh, we're going to use a min-oriented priority queue, so that's going to keep, uh, uh, it'll, uh,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It'll be one where we can delete the minimum, uh, and it'll be generic, so we have a transaction type that holds this, uh, information and including, uh, natural ordering where it's ordered by dollars that last column. Uh, so we'll build a new, uh, priority queue, min priority queue where we have the capability to delete the minimum.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then we read from standard input, uh, we read a line, build a transaction, uh, from the information on that line, uh, and that'll, uh, uh, fill in the fields. Uh, and then we put that transaction on the priority queue.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now if the priority queue has more than M items because we inserted that one, then we want to delete the smallest one there. And that way we're keeping track of the largest M.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Whenever we get a new one, then we throw away the smallest one that's there. So even with this huge stream of items coming through, we're only keeping track of the M largest item, and that's a fine canonical client for a priority queue.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, what would, uh, what we'll look at is a very simple and practical implementation using a data structure called the binary heap that gets the job done in time proportional to n log m.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, that they come in. Now we put a new item at the end of the array and remove it from the end of the array, or, uh, it could do it in a linked list.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, and then when it's time to find the, remove the maximum, you have to scan through everything to find the maximum.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Or you might decide, well, let's try to keep things, uh, in order, uh, and then, uh, that might involve, uh, some work. We have to, it's like insertion sort, you have to find the place to put the new item and then put it in the right place.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, and again, you could do this with, uh, a link list, uh, or with a resizing array, but then with array, you'd have to move all the larger ones over one position, uh, to fit the new item in. When we insert E and it's supposed to keep them in order, we have to move over L, M, P, and P to get the E in and so forth.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] To remove the q, we know it's at the end. To remove the max at this point, that's x that's right at the end, and p is right at the end.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So, you can imagine the implementations of priority queues using these two basic strategies.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Uh, and it's quite straightforward. We didn't put in the, uh, this is the, uh, cheat version where, uh, we, uh, require the client to provide a capacity, uh, but we could easily change this to a resizing array.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And, uh, uh, since it's, uh, unordered, uh, deleteMaximum has to go through the entire array to try to find the maximum. Uh, when it refines it, it exchanges it with the one at the end, uh, and then removes it the same way that we would in a stack.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So that's a fine implementation if the priority queue is going to be tiny all the time.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] If we keep it in order, we can find the maximum or delete it in constant time, but it takes us linear time to insert.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And since, uh, as with stacking queue operations, uh, these, uh, insert and deletes might be intermixed in arbitrary ways, uh, and there might be huge numbers of them, neither one of these is very, uh, attractive, uh, because, uh, they're gonna take n times the number of, uh, operations.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That's the basic API and some elementary implementations for priority queues.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Said Rat. I tripped over a stump, cried Mole.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I don't know what we're digging for, said Mole. It was just an old door knocker. Suddenly, Rat stopped.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We've decided on a menu of mushrooms with sourdough and a poached egg, smoked salmon on brioche bun, Thai watermelon pork, lab salad, and panna cotta with granola.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Now already just looking at you in those jackets. I love it. You look the part and you're immaculate. I mean you are really immaculate. Now let it go. Come out of your comfort zone. Cook your hearts out. One amazing chance today to cook against a pro and kick them up the a-


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Alright, focus. So be smart with it. Great proteins in the pantry. Match with those incredible vegetables, knock it out of the park.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Reece, where are you going? What's happening? Work and talk, pick up things, just give me some ideas. So, cucumber, lemon, vimeo and herbs.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Juicing the sorbet now. Lots of cucumbers. Uh huh. Nice. Gonna blend the lemon with amethyroid. So prioritize the list of importance, okay? And double question yourself as well, make sure. Yep. Okay? Absolutely. Good man.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Take advantage of those first 15 minutes. This is where you can nail this competition.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Got that, but that squash is gonna, that's gonna take a lot longer, so prioritize young lady. Rice, literally 18 minutes. Fork it through, let it steam. Prioritize the list of importers. Come on, you got this. 10 minutes gone guys, yes? 65 minutes to go.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Our contestants had to choose between fruit and vegetables. They chose...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The vegetables need to be apparent across the dish. It's not the hero, but they need to be center stage, understood?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Young man, you're flying the flag for Scotland. Young lady, one of the most talented pastry chefs in Australia, and young man, potentially.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The next best young chef in the world. Got it? Yes, Chef. No pressure. Are we ready? Ready. Yes, Chef. Your 60 minutes starts now. Let's go.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You can't use canned fruit by the way, you know that right? No fruits.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So you can either go down there and smash that whole thing through there, or you go through there like that.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They're kickin' there. We're the same age, we're from the same town in Scotland, we gotta keep that flag flying high. But I don't want you to win.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Remember, time-wise, prioritize. Now look at me. There's no point going to cook rice now. The pilau's gotta be fluffy, light, magical. You know what, I'm starting to overcook. Look, time, prioritize in your mind. Come on. Okay. Don't kill the food.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] That shouldn't be overcooked, okay? If you're in doubt, start again. Don't kill the food.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Well done. What a challenge. All of you. Give yourselves a round of applause. Brilliant.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Gordon, how did it go? Tremendous performance. I think all six have highs and lows. I'm hoping the contestants kick-


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's something quite magical about the way Reece thinks. He goes off-piste, but he's so confident off-piste. Normally any pro is a little bit agitated. That guy tonight stayed.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Focused, and he knew what he wanted to execute. He's up against a talented young chef, but there's a talented amateur dying to become a pro within that jacket.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Take this insight and continue climbing this incredible ladder. And who knows, you could make it to the top.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] To win a pin, you must score higher than the chef that you're competing against.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You've got 75 minutes to bring us a pin-worthy dish. You will also get the choice between two pantries.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Lot of names here, but John Gavin Joe, ha ha ha, you only get 60 minutes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Also, you won't know what pantry you're going to be cooking with until your time starts.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's going to be a blind tasting, so Matt, George and I will have no idea who's cooked which dish. Gordon's the mentor, and he'll be running the floor. Time to head off to the store room. Off you go.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Totally different dishes, aren't they? Totally different. One really delicate. And what's, what have we gone on there?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It's turned into the beef, as in it's all about beef. Now if you went to your local pub and you got that, you'd be thrilled. It's such a good bit of meat.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Yeah, lots of colour, lots of flowers. That looks really beautiful.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Interesting, but not delicious.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Love the sorbet, loves the little cannelloni with the yoghurt mousse inside because it's very clever. Well, let's score this one.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Your job was simply to beat the professional. Let's see how you went.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You know what? Absolutely all three of us loved those beautiful chewy on the underside pumpkin crisps, that beautiful rice with onions, and the quail was absolutely spot on. And that's why I scored your dish 8 out of 10.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Joe, you know what we loved? It was modern, it was light, it was clever in every sort of way. Taking the humble potato and turning it into a perfect sweet accompaniment to that ginger and the cream. And that's why I scored your dish.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Sorry Samira, it was a brilliant dish, but you only got 24 out of 30. And let's be honest, that dessert was going to be a really, really hard one to beat. Well done Samira, and well done Joe. So, the duck curry and the beef Yorkshires, who cooked that? So, duck curry I'm thinking.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I scored your dish a 6 out of 10.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So John, you cooked? The tomatoes and shellfish. Right, let's see how the two of you went. John?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] With your, your, uh, your energy and your mentorship with these guys today, it's really pushed them up the ladder.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I like it because you get the crispy chicken deep fried and then you get like the pickled from the cabbage and yeah, I just love it. I need to move as fast as I possibly can because I have quite a lot to do. I've got my chips cut, gotta start deep frying.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I'm doing what I think is the right way of cooking these chips. Low heat and then you bring it up to get nice and crispy.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] These chips are not right. And I'm worried.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I've made a chicken katsu curry burger.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Also, don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] As soon as the driver comes out, they're kind of kicking and checking the back tyres on the bus.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] With the tyre change, we were back on the bus. Johnny the mechanic.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Amen. She's done a thorough job coming up mid-drift, which was a concern, but she's gone south again, which is nice.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What's up with this, man? Oh yeaah, Johnny wasn't happy. Hey, hey, hey! Let's give him a few slaps now.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I just thought, oh, let's just, you know, some Jedi mind tricks. So I just kept chatting away. First impressions of Thailand? Very hot. Oh my gosh.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You're doing awesome bro. Flag is right there. Yes. Yep. Hold on to it. Woo.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I died. It just gassed me, it just wore me down. Big cat, let's go! We've got Sally and Tyson chasing us. Yeah mate, I'm trying.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Travel by long guide, to the next pit stop. Coal powder!


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] How was that? That was awesome. Yeaah. I can't explain it, how good that was. It was incredible watching you from up the top. Thank you. You did so well.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Or should I go with my friend?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I know it's not cozy like your house.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Then, I smelled it again. But what did you smell?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] It was my first time as the leader of a company, and I was on the stage to give a big speech about our ambitious new goals.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I knew exactly what my call to action was, which was one in every four times a kiwi eats a snack, it'll be one of ours.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I got this huge round of applause and I was really, really pleased with myself. I wanted so much to be a good leader.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I wanted to be followed by a devoted team. I wanted to be right. In short, I wanted to be a hero.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] What happened after that speech? Nothing.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] All of that applause did not lead to action. Nothing changed. Not because they didn't like me or the message. The problem was that no one knew what they were expected to do. And most importantly, they didn't know that I needed them.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Actually, I'm going to tell you that in a world as complex and interconnected as the one we live in, the idea that one person has the answer is ludicrous.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We don't need heroes. We need radical interdependence, which is just another way of saying we need each other.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I spent decades trying to work out how to be a good leader. I've lived in seven countries and five continents.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And in recent years, I've spent a lot of time with the B Corp community.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Originally as a corporate participant and more recently as an ambassador.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] There's a tough certification with about 250 questions about your social and environmental performance.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You must legally declare your intention to serve the community as well as your shareholders, and you must sign the Declaration of Interdependence.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Where, if they are, for example, soft drinks manufacturers, they understand that upstream from them, there's water and sugar and farmers that grow that sugar.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And plastic and metal and glass, all of which flows into


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This thing that we call a company which has financial results. And the flowing continues.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] With consequences. Some of them intended, like ...


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Refreshment and hydration. And some unintended, like garbage and obesity.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But it's subtle and it's complex. And the leaders in this space are doing a few things very differently from traditional heroic leaders. They set goals differently,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They announce those goals differently, and they have a very different relationship with other people. Let's begin with the first difference. A hero sets a goal


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] You can recognize a heroic goal. They use terms like revenue and market share and are often competitive. Remember pink suit day?


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Interdependent leaders, on the other hand, start with a goal that's really important but is actually impossible to achieve by one company or one person alone.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Patagonia and Eileen Fisher are clothing manufacturers, both of them B Corps, both of them deeply committed to reducing waste.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] They don't see that their responsibility ends when a customer buys their clothes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Patagonia encourages you not to buy new clothes from them and will repair your old clothes for free.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Eileen Fisher will pay you when you bring back your clothes and either sell them on or turn them into other clothes.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] While these two companies are competitive in some ways, they work together and with others in the industry to solve shared problems.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Around the world, there are around 300 million people who work from home in this industry, most of them women, many of them in very difficult circumstances with poor lighting, sewing on buttons and doing detailed stitching.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Until 2014, there was no protection for these workers.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] A group of companies got together with a not-for-profit called Nest to create a set of standards that's now been adopted by the whole industry.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So you have to ask others to help you to solve them. These folks take interdependence as a given and said to me, we don't compete on human rights.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] The second big difference for collaborators is their willingness to declare their goals before they have a plan.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Only reveals their carefully crafted goal when the path to achieve it is clear.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] In fact, the role of the hero announcement is to set the stage for the big win. Hero announcements are full of triumph. Interdependent leaders, on the other hand,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] At the North American division of the French food company Danone, I announced that we wanted to become a B Corp.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And unlike pink suit day, I had no plan to get there. I remember the day really clearly. Everybody in the room gasped, because they knew we didn't have a plan.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But they also knew that we had seen our role in the river that is the food system, and we wanted to make a change.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Making that declaration without a plan meant that so many young people in our company stepped up to help us.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] At the third big difference, which is how you see other people inside your company and outside.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Heroes don't want input, because they want to control everything because they want the credits.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And you can see this in a typical hero meeting. Heroes like making speeches. People lean back in their chairs, maybe impressed, but not engaged.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Interdependent leaders on the other hand understand that they need other people.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] People lean forward in meetings like this, wondering where they might fit in.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] When I was in Shanghai in China, where I lived for six years running the craft foods business, selling, amongst other things, Oreo cookies, we had a problem with hero culture.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] We kept on launching new products that failed, and we would find out afterwards that everyone in the company knew they were going to fail. They just didn't feel free to tell us.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we changed the way we ran our innovation and planning meetings in two important ways. First of all, language went back to Chinese.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Because even though everyone spoke great English, when I was in the room and the meeting was in English, they focused on me, and I was the foreigner and I was the boss, and I apparently had that intimidating hero look.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] At Danone, we had a lot of great stuff happening in one part of the world, and we wanted it to spread to another part of the world.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] But when you put a person in business gear up in front of a group of people with PowerPoint, they have the urge to become sort of heroic. And they make everything look super shiny, and they don't tell the truth. And it's not compelling, and it's not even interesting.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So we changed it and we created these full-day marketplaces, kind of like a big bazaar.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And sellers had to man their stalls and sell their ideas as persuasively as possible, and people who were convinced bought them with fake checkbooks. Creating just a bit of silliness with the environment in a hat or a scarf drops people's guard and causes ideas to spread like wildfire. There's no recipe here. But time together has to be carefully


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] This whole process makes it look like I think I'm a hero.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] So just in case there's any doubts about the point that I'm trying to make,


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] I want to apply these ideas in an area in which I have zero credibility and zero experience. I'm originally South African.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] And I'm deeply passionate about wildlife conservation, most particularly rhinos, those majestic creatures with big horns. Every day, three rhinos are killed.


[User] Please transcribe this text

[Assistant] Even though they're just made of the same stuff as hair and fingernails. It breaks my heart.


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[Assistant] Like all good recovering heroes, I did everything I could to reduce this goal to something that I could do by myself. But clearly,


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[Assistant] Stopping rhino poaching is a goal way too big for me. So I'm immediately in interdependence land. I'm declaring my goal on this stage.


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[Assistant] I've found other people as passionate as I am and I've asked if I can join them. And after today, there may be more.


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[Assistant] And we're now in the complex but inspiring process of learning how to work together. My dream is that one day someone will stand on the stage and tell you how radical interdependence saved my beloved rhinos.


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[Assistant] It requires us to be open and transparent and vulnerable, and that's not what traditional leaders have been trained to do. I thought being a hero would keep me safe.


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[Assistant] I thought that in the elevation and separation that comes from heroic leadership that I would be untouchable. This is an illusion.


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[Assistant] And if we're going to solve the challenges that the world is facing today, we have no alternatives, so we had better start getting good at it. Thank you.


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[Assistant] Like a lot of people around the world, earlier this summer, my friends and I were obsessed with the Women's World Cup held in France.


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[Assistant] Here we are watching these incredible athletes. The goals were amazing, the games were clean and engaging, and at the same time, outside the field,


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[Assistant] So because we were mildly obsessed, we wanted to watch the games live, and we decided that one of the Spanish-speaking networks in the US was the best place for us to start.


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[Assistant] Talks to me and says, why does it feel like everything I'm seeing is commercials for makeup and household cleaning products and diets?


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[Assistant] And to be honest, there's nothing necessarily wrong with that. Someone sat down and looked at the tournament and said, well, this thing is likely to be seen.


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[Assistant] By more women, uh, these women are Hispanic because they're watching in Spanish, and this is women content. Therefore, this is a great place for me to place


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[Assistant] It actually distracts you from the fun things that could be driving growth from your brands. And at the same time, it continues to create separation around genders and perpetuating stereotypes. So at the same time, this activity is bad for your business and bad for society. So double whammy.


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[Assistant] Gender is one of those things like other demographics that have historically been good marketing shortcuts. At some point, however, we forgot that at the core we were targeting needs around cooking and cleaning and personal care and driving and sports, and we just made it all a bucket and we said men and women are different.


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[Assistant] By fascinating, I mean a little bit insane that we still talk about this as a segment when it's most likely carryover bias.


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[Assistant] In fact, I don't come to this conclusion lightly. We have enough data to suggest that gender is not the best place to start for you to design and target your brands.


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[Assistant] Probably anything else you're hypothesizing about your consumer right now is going to be more useful than gender.


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[Assistant] We did not set up to draw this conclusion specifically. We found it. As consultants, our job is to go with our clients and understand their business and try to help them find spaces for their brands to grow.


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[Assistant] Imagine that we have a person and we know a person is making a choice about a product or service. And from this person I can know their gender, of course, other demographics, where they live, their income, other things.


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[Assistant] I know the context where this person is making a decision, where they are, who they're with, the energy, anything. And I can also put other things in the mix. I can know their attitudes, how they feel about the category, their behaviors.


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[Assistant] So if you imagine this kind of blob of big data about a person,


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[Assistant] And there's losing variables that are just not that practical. And this matters, because in a world of limited resources, you don't want to waste it on people that actually have the same needs. So why treat them differently?


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[Assistant] This is true around the world, by the way. We did this in places where traditional gender roles were a little more pronounced, and the conclusions were exactly the same. It was a little bit more important gender than 5 percent, but not material. So let's let that sink in for a second. No matter how you're looking at a consumer,


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[Assistant] Most likely, anything else is going to be more interesting to you than gender. There's probably something very important you need to know about them, and you're getting distracted because you're doing everything based on gender.


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[Assistant] And that's why I say you're leaving money on the table. Gender is easy. It's easy to design advertising based on gender. It's easy to target people online and on TV based on gender. But at the end, that's not where the exciting growth will come from.


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[Assistant] And that matters, of course, because then if you're putting your limited budget into action, then you're better off creating solutions for different occasions than trying to target women versus young men.


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[Assistant] Another example is alcoholic beverages. 35 percent to 40 percent of consumption in alcoholic beverages around the world actually happens with women, but you know, women don't drink beer. Those are the things that we typically hear.


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[Assistant] But actually when a man and a woman are, for the most part, in the same location, the emotional and functional needs they have at that moment are very similar.


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[Assistant] There's only one exception, by the way, and the exceptions exist, where if you have a man and a woman on a date, the man is trying to impress the woman and the woman is trying to connect with the man. So there's going to be a little bit of tension, but that's important to know. We'll take a few dates.


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[Assistant] Financial institutions, that's something where we've heard a lot about the difference between men and women. But actually, talking about men and women as different actually is extracting you from the thing that is underneath. We made it so simple as women don't like to invest, women hate managing their money, men are great and aggressive and risk takers.


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[Assistant] Versus people that are not. So if you change the conversation from men and women to actually what's underneath, then probably you'll stop being so condescending to women and you may start serving some men that are actually shy about managing their finances.


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[Assistant] I'll give one more example. If I go back to the women that were playing sport at the beginning, one of the fascinating things we found over different countries exploring sportswear


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[Assistant] Out of the field, it doesn't matter. Out of the field, they may be into fashion, into other things, but on the field, the needs are not different.


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[Assistant] So these are just a few examples on categories where we found that gender was not the best place to go. And actually,


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[Assistant] To measure other things about consumers so that we don't revert back to gender.


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[Assistant] If you are like me, a person that is in business, that I am constantly worried about, what is my role in the broader societal discussions?


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[Assistant] If you're listening to your business and you hear things like, oh, my target are women, my target are men, let's go to young girls, young boys, when it's a gender conversation, unless you're working again in a very specific, gender-specific product category,


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[Assistant] You will keep perpetuating stereotypes of people and making people think that men and women are different.


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[Assistant] At least kind of challenge your own instinct to use gender because statistics say that you're probably not choosing the best variable to target your product or service. Growth is not easy at all. What makes you think that growth is going to come from going into market with such an outdated lens like gender?


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[Assistant] So let's stop doing what's easy and go for what's right. At this point, it's not just for your business, it's for society. Thank you.


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[Assistant] How's Toad? said Rat. Not good.


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[Assistant] He crashed another car last week, said Mole.


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[Assistant] He's a very bad driver, said Rat.


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[Assistant] But he thinks he's the best in the world. How many has he had?


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[Assistant] Seven. His yard is full of broken cars. He went to the hospital three times, said Mole.


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[Assistant] The wild wood was once a city, said Badger. People walked, talked, and slept here. People?


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[Assistant] Well, said Badger, there are all kinds of animals.


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[Assistant] Some are good, and some are bad.


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[Assistant] Don't worry, said Badger. You're my friend. I'll tell them all not to bother you again.


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[Assistant] Tonight, a team challenge. We're off into the big blue yonder. That will take our contestants to new heights.


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[Assistant] You'll find out once we've got you into teams. Right, let's go!


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[Assistant] A representative from each team, come and grab aprons, yeah? Let's go. Come on.


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[Assistant] Right guys, you're not just making enough for the three of us. Each team must cook for 30 people.


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[Assistant] That's 30 main course, and that's 30 dessert each.


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[Assistant] You know how important communication is. And today?


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[Assistant] It's everything. You don't communicate clearly, you're not gonna succeed, you're gonna be in trouble.


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[Assistant] So choosing captain or vice captain has never been so important. You need someone that's got a photographic memory.


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[Assistant] Who's it going to be? Huddle. Choose wisely. Let's go.


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[Assistant] Well, Sarah, this is a moment of truth. Let's see how close it is to Robin's dish. Robin?


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[Assistant] It's great. It's all smiles on the dials today, isn't it?


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[Assistant] Dave, in terms of their ice cream, the cherry pip ice cream.


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[Assistant] Big highlight for me, those apricots. The flavour of that at the time in there is subtle but then perfumes those apricots beautifully. It's just the way those apricots are perfectly cooked. And everyone's got a big smile on their face, which is what it's all about, isn't it?


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[Assistant] You're going into tomorrow's elimination, but you should be going in with so much self-esteem and just pump yourself up, because you did a brilliant job today. You got me? Yes sir!


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[Assistant] Okay, at this point, you have maximum crispiness to your flavor you've put into it.


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[Assistant] You know that judges love a tar. I know that you can take that to another level.


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[Assistant] From a skill perspective, you can make pralines, brazil nuts.


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[Assistant] Just, just, Jackie, just so you know, time goes quickly in this kitchen.


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[Assistant] Jess is moving at a million miles an hour. Light the energy, Jess. Keep pushing. Be efficient. You got the recipe down, you know exactly what you're doing with that curd.


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[Assistant] I know your style of cooking is about great ingredients cooked simply. Do you think that's enough today?


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[Assistant] Well done guys, well done. Great cook to both of you. Now it just comes down to the judges, so nothing else we can do.


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[Assistant] So there are four Australian teams already at the roadblock when we arrived. That was just crazy. I thought that if I got up high and I could see everyone I could methodically work out how many people were in beat. But the trouble is, they were all going different directions.


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[Assistant] I've got, I've got something I want to see up there. I'll let you know. I thought we're gonna be a lot higher than what we're saying. So I went straight up and tried the highest number that we had tried.


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[Assistant] You've already had five minutes, ten minutes to go. Five minutes down.


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[Assistant] That 10 minutes got 5 minutes left. Now's the time to set up for that handover.


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[Assistant] Happy with that? Yes, good, good, good. That looks good.


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[Assistant] Nigella brings her fabulous fat A to life.


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[Assistant] Matt turns the humble cauliflower into a mouth-watering masterpiece.


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[Assistant] And the goddess of the kitchen returns with her homestyle ginger and walnut carrot cake.


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[Assistant] Bring your A-game. To make Gordon happy. A talented amateur, dying to become a pro, will be their only goal. Close your eyes, taste the magic. You've nailed it. But, put one foot wrong. Let's wake up a bit, shall we? And there'll be no mincing words. Show me what you've got. I'm thinking of shutting this place down. Would you eat that?


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[Assistant] Oh no! Dust! It's everywhere! It's on everything!


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[Assistant] Oh, Ratty, why did I bring you here?


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[Assistant] It's so small and dirty.


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[Assistant] 500 kilometers over Europe. Ship OM45 moved north.


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[Assistant] In a room at the back of the ship, Kea watched the numbers on the computer in front of him.


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[Assistant] Time for dinner, Rilla said. The numbers changed quickly, and Kea's eyes didn't move.


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[Assistant] Rilla went across the room to his table. She began to watch the numbers too.


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[Assistant] Nothing's wrong with the satellite. Kia answered quietly. It's the AOL.


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[Assistant] He began to write the numbers in the book on his table.


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[Assistant] Suddenly, the numbers stopped changing. Keir looked at Rilla.


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[Assistant] Over Europe, he said. It's happening. The AOL is breaking up. There are big holes in the AOL and they're getting bigger. You're right. Shall we see Captain Seru now, before dinner?


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[Assistant] Kea stood up. He was nearly two metres tall, with dark eyes and hair. Yes, come on, he said.


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[Assistant] Quickly, they went to Captain Seru's room. They waited at the door.


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[Assistant] Come in! Captain Saru called. She was a little woman with a fat face. Come in! Would you like a drink?


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[Assistant] No, thank you, Kea answered. I'd like you to look at these numbers. Kea gave Captain Seru his book. Captain Seru looked at the numbers. Suddenly, her face changed. No, no, she said. I don't want to talk. It's late and I'm tired.


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[Assistant] Sit down and have a drink. Keir and Rila sat down.


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[Assistant] There was a big window in Captain Serua's room. Kea looked out of the window at the dark sky. He saw the moon.


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[Assistant] Captain Zeru. He began. It's important. Look at those numbers carefully. The AOL is beginning to STOP!


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[Assistant] Captain Cirrus stood up and put her hands in her pockets. She went to the window and looked at the sky. Three hundred years ago, Earth nearly died, Rilla said.


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[Assistant] We would like you to talk to Earth Commander.


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[Assistant] Do you remember a die? She asked. She didn't wait for an answer.


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[Assistant] The satellite gave us interesting numbers about the AOL. We went back to Earth and saw Earth Commander. Captain Seru stopped speaking. Rilla looked at Kea. And then? She asked Captain Seru. Gog was angry. Very angry.


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[Assistant] Captain Seru said. In the end, he sent Adai to the moon. Adai's there now.


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[Assistant] But we need to talk to Earth Commander again. These numbers are worse.


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[Assistant] Captain Seru's face went red. You don't understand. I'm not going to talk to Gog. Last time.


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[Assistant] This is my first ship for two years. And Captain Seru began drinking.


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[Assistant] Kia stood up. Thank you, Captain Seru. Captain Seru said nothing.


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[Assistant] Kia and Rilla left the room and walked slowly downstairs. The ship was dark and quiet. It was eight o'clock and everybody was at dinner.


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[Assistant] What are we going to do next? Rilla asked. I need to talk to Adai. Kea said. Okay, talk to Adai. But he's far away on the moon colony. Rilla said. Let's visit Commander Zadak. Zadak? Commander of Australia?


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[Assistant] He's famous. Yes, he's my father's friend.


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[Assistant] He worked with my father in Brazil ten years ago. Perhaps he can help us.


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[Assistant] Kia smiled. Good. We return to Earth next week. I can phone Adai from Kisangani and then we can go to Australia. But now I'm hungry. Let's get some dinner.


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[Assistant] Look, you're shivering. At least now wear some woolen clothes.


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[Assistant] Both wool and cotton are bad conductors of heat. As in, they do not conduct or transmit heat to the surrounding.


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[Assistant] This is our barbecued lamb, zucchini puree, zucchini flower gel and dehydrated goat's cheese.


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[Assistant] Now to keep this puree nice and green, you've got to cook it really quickly.


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[Assistant] So for every 100 grams of liquid, you need one gram of agar. Okay, our lamb's cooked now. And then we'll put it on the barbecue. Now we'll assemble the dish.


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[Assistant] So this is our blue eye, blue muscle and blue devil dish, okay? Oh, beautiful. So the first thing we'll do is we'll get our carrot puree started, okay? Just very roughly chop.


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[Assistant] Cryback them in a bag with about 50 grams of butter. This is one full of the blue eye. So you want nice 70 gram serves.


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[Assistant] Okay, so we've got all our Blue Devil that we've picked and dried.


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[Assistant] What do you reckon, Robin? Looks really good. Again, they've got all the elements there. Yeah, I think it's a really good job. It's pretty close, isn't it? It looks remarkable.


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[Assistant] It's, it is quite a tricky ice cream. I think the flavor thing is definitely, uh, you know, not cracking those cherry pits far enough, like it's a pretty fine line.


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[Assistant] I mean that biscuit's more about texture, and it has that, it has the texture you want.


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[Assistant] It's amazing, that blue eyes just cooked perfectly and the consomme is so clear. It's so much to recreate.


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[Assistant] My strategy for this challenge is that as soon as we get back, I just want to get all the elements of this main down onto paper. Because I'm worried that if we start doing something else first, I'm going to forget a step.


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[Assistant] This whole challenge is about replicating a dish from memory. And if we don't get every little detail right, then we could be in trouble.


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[Assistant] I can just feel the minutes ticking by. I know that we're starting to fall behind. Just wait, just wait, I'm writing.


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[Assistant] The thing with being a captain is if you fail, it's on your shoulders. So I want to make sure we get it right. Alright, I need you on fish. You start on the mirror, Paul.


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[Assistant] The mane that we're going to have to recreate today is a blue eye, blue muscle, blue devil. Alright.


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[Assistant] That's the bloodline there and he just took that piece out. One of the most important things with filleting that fish is that the portions are around about 60 grams. If they're any smaller, they'll overcook. Squares of the top side.


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[Assistant] Blue Devil has this really beautiful kind of earthy hay flavour to it. It's so lovely.


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[Assistant] It's out of the pressure cooker. And then I've got to chill it down in an ice bath.


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[Assistant] Okay. Service please. Thank you.


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[Assistant] Elizabeth on the Australian team, she was telling us that she was one of the first women that ever went into space. And that's amazing.


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[Assistant] The Wind in the Willows Episode 29 Finding Home


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[Assistant] Mole stopped and raised his nose. Well? asked Rat, excited. Mole sniffed his way across a field. He ran this way and that.


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[Assistant] They'll have to prove there are cut above the rest because the first four to get it wrong


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[Assistant] Chapter 1 Help from a Rich Man


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[Assistant] Many years ago, in a city in Arabia, there was a boy called Aladdin. He lived with his mother in a little house near the market, and they were very poor. Aladdin's mother worked all day, and sometimes half the night, but Aladdin never helped her. He was a lazy boy,


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[Assistant] And he did not like to work. He only wanted to play all the time.


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[Assistant] Every morning he ran through the streets to the market. There he talked and laughed and played with his friends all day. Then in the evening he went home for his dinner.


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[Assistant] And every night his mother said to him, Oh, Aladdin, Aladdin, you are a lazy boy, a good for nothing. When are you going to do some work, my son? But Aladdin never listened to his mother. One day in the market,


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[Assistant] He went up to an orange seller and asked,


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[Assistant] That boy in the green coat. Who is he?


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[Assistant] Aladdin, son of Mustafa, was the answer. The old man moved away. Yes, he said quietly. Yes, that is the boy. The right name and the right father. Then he called out to Aladdin, boy.


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[Assistant] Come here for a minute. Is your name Aladdin? Aladdin, son of Mustafa. Aladdin left his friends and came to the old man. Yes, he said, I am Aladdin, son of Mustafa. But my father is dead. He died five years ago.


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[Assistant] Dead? said the old man. Oh no. He put his face in his hands and began to cry.


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[Assistant] The old man looked up. Mustafa was my brother, he said. I wanted to see him again.


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[Assistant] And now you tell me he is dead. Oh.


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[Assistant] This is not a happy day for me.


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[Assistant] Then he put his hand on Aladdin's arm.


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[Assistant] And I can see Mustafa in your face, my boy. Aladdin, I am your uncle, Abanaza. My uncle, said Aladdin. He was very surprised. Did my father have a brother? I didn't know that.


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[Assistant] I went away before you were born, my boy, said the old man. Look.


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[Assistant] He took ten pieces of gold out of his bag and put them into Aladdin's hands.


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[Assistant] Go home to your mother and give this money to her. Tell her about me and say this.


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[Assistant] Her husband's brother wants to meet her.


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[Assistant] And he is going to visit her tomorrow.


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[Assistant] Ten pieces of gold is a lot of money, and Aladdin was very happy. He ran home quickly and gave the gold to his mother. At first, she was afraid. Where did you get this, Aladdin? Did you find it? It isn't our money. You must give it back.


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[Assistant] But it is our money, mother, said Aladdin. My uncle, my father's brother, gave the money to us.


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[Assistant] Uncle Abanaza is coming to visit us tomorrow. Who? You don't have an Uncle Abanaza. But he knows my name and my father's name, Aladdin said.


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[Assistant] And he gave ten pieces of gold to me. He's very nice. You must make a good dinner for him. The next day.


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[Assistant] Abanaza arrived at Aladdin's house. My sister, he said and smiled.


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[Assistant] My dead brother's wife.


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[Assistant] I am happy to find you and Aladdin. Sit down, Abanaza.


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[Assistant] We're happy to see you in our poor home, Aladdin's mother said. She put meat.


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[Assistant] Rice and fruit on the table. But I don't understand.


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[Assistant] When we were young, my brother and I were not friends for many years.


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[Assistant] Then I went away to a far country. I am an old man now and wanted to see my brother again and take his hand. But he is dead and I cannot speak to him


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[Assistant] Or say goodbye to him now. Abanaza had tears in his eyes.


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[Assistant] And Aladdin's mother began to cry too.


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[Assistant] But I am home again now, the old man said.


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[Assistant] And I can help my brother's wife and his son.


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[Assistant] Because I am a rich man. He looked at Aladdin. Aladdin, my boy, what work do you do? Aladdin did not answer, and his face was red.


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[Assistant] Don't ask Aladdin questions about work, his mother said. He never works.


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[Assistant] He plays with his friends all day.


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[Assistant] Tomorrow, we must get a new coat for you. Then we can talk about work.


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[Assistant] Aladdin smiled. A shop, he thought. And me, a rich market seller. Why not?


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[Assistant] A type B salad can be quite tricky to balance because they need to be sweet, salty, spicy and sour. I just hope just a sweet tooth doesn't get her in trouble.


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[Assistant] And where better to kick off South Australia Week than right here smack bang in the middle of the city in Victoria Square. The three of us absolutely love it here. And some of our favourite restaurants are only a few minutes walk from this very spot. Arana, Afri-Cola, Press, and of course the wineries.


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[Assistant] And not to mention the iconic Adelaide markets.


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[Assistant] It also has a special place in our hearts because some of the most successful MasterChef contestants have come from South Australia. Adam Lior. Oh. Andre. Laura. Callum.


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[Assistant] Rose Adams. Mariam. It just keeps going on and on, doesn't it?


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[Assistant] Remember, you've only got 60 minutes. And 15 minutes gone already. There's a lot of work when you haven't even put anything on to cook. Come on, Sarah.


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[Assistant] You had 60 minutes to use all that gorgeous South Australian product and put up one beautiful dish.


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[Assistant] Obviously we're looking for the five best dishes, and the first dish we'd like to taste belongs to...


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[Assistant] Wow. I think the thickness of the pastry.


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[Assistant] And just the form on it looks really good, done very well. Derry. Thank you.


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[Assistant] What's lovely about it is all the textures. Just absolutely delicious. Soft, crumbly pastry. There's a little saltiness in there. And I love those sweet figs. They're just really yum, aren't they?


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[Assistant] There's some great flavours in there. You know, I love the caramelised apple. The only thing I'm finding is that it's just a wee bit out of balance for me. And I think the base, it's just that little bit too thick to go with all those other lovely flavours.


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[Assistant] I love that little pool of puree, it looks great.


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[Assistant] Alright, you will have three hours to prepare at least two items and then two hours to serve as many people as you can.


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[Assistant] One of your dishes must be a savoury dish, priced at $7.50, and the other, or others, must be a sweet dish, priced at $5.


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[Assistant] The aim is to make the most money. So if it was me, I'd be making at least a hundred dishes.


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[Assistant] All money raised goes to second buy. So there's something to kind of grab at and go for. The best two teams will join Khan in this week's immunity challenge. The team that makes the most money


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[Assistant] Plus the team that makes the most delicious food.


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[Assistant] However, the two teams that give us the least impressive dishes will find themselves in tomorrow's pressure test. All clear?


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[Assistant] I think you're underestimating how much time you've got. You gotta do a hundred. If you wanna serve that many people, you gotta think about it.


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[Assistant] Remember, we're gonna judge you on deliciousness and most money. Easy, maybe, but with under two hours to go, you have to move it. Come on. Come on, guys.


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[Assistant] You know what's a shame about this is they had a flat top and an oven. So I think they cooked these in the oven. So that's why they're so tough. You know, look, see a bit blonde. And the salad.


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[Assistant] Blue team, white team, absolutely well done, but not everybody did so well.


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[Assistant] We were also looking for the bottom two teams to go into tomorrow's pressure test.


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[Assistant] The first team going into that pressure test is...


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[Assistant] And your macerated strawberries just weren't enough.


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[Assistant] The second team going into tomorrow's pressure test is...


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[Assistant] The green team. Ben, Huda, your koftas were dry and dense. The salad was underwhelming. And I'm afraid that's set milk custard. It wasn't great. Chloe, Janine, Huda, Ben, the four of you are in tomorrow's pressure test.


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[Assistant] I've decided to do sweets today. Play with your strings.


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[Assistant] Not a good day. So I really need to get it into the molds and chilling in the blast chiller as soon as possible. Because they need to chill hard before I bake them. So I'm brushing my pastry. Like, this is not what I'm usually like. But hopefully it sets beautifully. Enough to get onto my apples.


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[Assistant] And I'm also doing sort of caramel apples, which is going to be at the base of my tart. And a honeycream.


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[Assistant] Sorry hon. I get my pastry out of the blast chiller and I'm absolutely happy.


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[Assistant] Mom, let's do this! I really wanna take a nap right now.


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[Assistant] And I decided to pick the ones that were most popular, so I went from the least popular to the most popular. I have ten paintings that I have at least one, I think up to three books.


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[Assistant] This is a story of a man that is born with a very acute sense of smell. We follow him from birth to adulthood and how


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[Assistant] Number 8 is The Lady of Shalat by Waterhouse. It represents the ending to Alfred Lord Tennyson's poem from 1832 with the same title. The painting represents women's inherent value


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[Assistant] Who, through different events, she grapples with her purity and how other people perceive her purity and if she can be loved.


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[Assistant] Why am I recommending this book? Well, I can't help but base it on the visuals that are captured in the story as well as in the film Onegan. And that has Ray Fiennes in it.


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[Assistant] And of course the beautiful Liv Tyler and a gorgeous cast of characters. And there is this one scene in the film, and of course it's based on a scene in the book.


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[Assistant] And I just can't recommend this book enough. This book is about love and deception and friendship and loyalty and Russian society as a whole and how society influences people and


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[Assistant] So much, uhm, it's about two friends and two sisters and their relationships with one another and it is absolutely gorgeous and I just literally love this book with


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[Assistant] And this is supposed to represent her lover. So we have this woman on a swing, which also a little side note is at that time


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[Assistant] But it also, you can kind of tell that the strings that are attached to her are the strings of society. What themes, what book is reminding you of what is happening in this painting? If you said Anna Karenina, you are correct.


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[Assistant] And I do know it is French, so it of course matches the French painting, and it does share similar themes. So also Madame Bovary.


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[Assistant] Perfect examples of capturing just snippets of everyday life. A lot of his paintings capture beautifully solitude, solitary, small moments that just are full of emotion but they're very quiet at the same time.


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[Assistant] And groundbreaking things aren't really happening in Edward Hopper's paintings, and I feel like you can say the same thing about Mrs. Dalloway, but at the same time, they're not in your face, but they are very subtle. They are these groundbreaking things, but they're quiet about


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[Assistant] The way that they are powerful. So I think that that perfectly matches Mrs. Dalloway. Uhm, my favorite character is Septimus Warren Smith.


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[Assistant] From the film adaptation of Anna Karenina, which is this. It just reminds me so much of A Woman with a Parasol. The story and the feeling


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[Assistant] And they all have very, very different stations in society. The bests are quite poor, the schlegels are middle class but a bit more wealthy, um, higher middle class, and then we have the wilcoxes which are quite


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[Assistant] But also just the setting, the way that E.M. Forster writes nature descriptions, this also takes place at a house called Howard's End, which is a beautiful, beautiful country home.


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[Assistant] Ian Forster does the same things, but he does it with words.


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[Assistant] And she takes a trip to Florence and it's about the people that she meets in Florence on her trip and how they eventually play a very major role in her life in the future. It's also about society, it's also about class, it is also just


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[Assistant] You feel, I feel anxious when I see this painting, but it's also incredibly beautiful. And I think that the perfect book to go with this painting is Notes from Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky. This book is all about


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[Assistant] Those thoughts that are happening, unsaid in the painting, they are...


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[Assistant] How other people may influence your life, so can't recommend notes from underground enough if you, especially if you love the screen.


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[Assistant] Alright, we are at number one, finally. If you have made it this far, thank you so much for sticking around. And this is the most beloved painting that you guys told me was your favorite painting. Number one is, of course, the infamous Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh.


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[Assistant] This is a nonfiction all about Van Gogh's life, but it is not only about Vincent Van Gogh, it is also about his brother, Teo, and they had this really really special close bond as brothers and


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[Assistant] Reading in art history is just reading about the artists that have painted my favorite paintings. I do have one fiction, this is the last book that I have to recommend you if you love


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[Assistant] This is a really really beautiful beautiful book.


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[Assistant] Another beautiful, beautiful favorite and just all of these books bring me so much joy.


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[Assistant] I hope you are having a wonderful day and you have enjoyed this video, learned maybe a bit about some art history, and also have gotten some book recommendations.


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[Assistant] This video makes me so happy because it is combining my two loves and I love sharing that with you. So I hope you have enjoyed. I'll see you soon in another video. Best wishes and happy reading!


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[Assistant] We've isolated ourselves on purpose, because I think we're really focused on this race. If we get too pally-pally with everyone, I think that'll just sort of distract us from our strategy. We're booked to go at 2.45 from Windhoek, but we can change in the search for better flights at the airport.


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[Assistant] Yes, we're trying to go to St. Petersburg, please. We're currently booked on the 2.45pm, but we're looking for an alternative route to get there earlier, please.


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[Assistant] Look at me Ash, we have to go over there and then that way, yeah? I was pretty confident so I decided to pull rank and take the lead on that. It's nice and steady.


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[Assistant] Okay, search for our next clue. So we had no idea what we had to do. We needed like a clue. We hadn't read the clue properly, but told us to go get a clue before we started it. No, it's not there.


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[Assistant] Oh, there's a man, hang on. Got it, got it, got it, got it. Come with me, come with me. So we actually decided let's go right back to the start.


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[Assistant] Are you good? Yep, yep. Okay, cool. When we saw the clue, we were like, baby brain. I've been surprised at how ditzy we've been, to be honest. Let's move, let's move. Yep, thank you.


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[Assistant] Oh, we suck a fat one. Yeah, we're not very good at this game. It was definitely a relief to find out we were going to an intersection. Yes. We must go fast.


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[Assistant] Journey to the West, Chapter 67, The Master Thief.


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[Assistant] The warrior rubbed his chin. He looked very serious.


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[Assistant] Right now everyone looked at Wukong. The monkey pretended to laugh.


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[Assistant] He went down a long dark tunnel followed by another tunnel.


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[Assistant] Then he heard one horned buffalo. Wukong flew toward the voice.


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[Assistant] The demon was sitting on the edge of a bed, talking to himself. The metal ring was still on his arm.


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[Assistant] He made his iron bar small and put it in his ear.


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[Assistant] Then he grabbed the flaming spear, the thunderbolt, and the sword. Outside the cave, the others were waiting. The warrior made a fist.


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[Assistant] The three of them held their breath. When they saw Wukong peek out, they were relieved.


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[Assistant] Ask the Thunder God. No, but look! The monkey held up the weapons.


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[Assistant] Said the fire god. The thunder god clapped the monkey on the back.


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[Assistant] You're right, said Wukong. He looked around.


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[Assistant] Bodhisattva? I knew you would come here today. I've been working on this basket all morning.


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[Assistant] This basket has magical powers, said Guan Yin. I will catch the demon with it. Let's go.


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[Assistant] This is my goldfish, said Guanyin. It usually lives in my lotus pond.


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[Assistant] The pond is near my garden, where I teach my students.


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[Assistant] After years of listening to my lessons, the fish became a spirit.


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[Assistant] It escaped to Earth a few days ago. I had been wondering where it was.


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[Assistant] Correct. Said Guan Yin. The Tang Monk is safe now.


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[Assistant] Journey to the West. Chapter 68. The Woman in the Crowd.


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[Assistant] He arrived at the Thunder Clap Monastery. A guard at the gate stopped him.


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[Assistant] Oh, okay, said the monkey, a bit surprised. Thank you. Wukong flew toward heaven.


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[Assistant] When Wukong arrived at Laozi's house, the sage frowned.


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[Assistant] The door flew open and one horned buffalo stepped outside. His face fell when he saw Lousa.


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[Assistant] The sage caught it and brought the fan down once more.


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[Assistant] The wind knocked over the demon and he turned into a large green buffalo. The buffalo stood up and snorted.


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[Assistant] Lousa tucked the fan and the ring into his robe.


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[Assistant] Then he climbed onto the buffalo and rode up into the sky.


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[Assistant] Wukong went into the cave, and the warrior and two gods followed.


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[Assistant] A few weeks later, the travelers arrived at a busy city.


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[Assistant] The streets were filled with people selling vegetables, spices and other goods. An old woman was stirring a large pot of soup. Other food sizzled over fires. Bajay breathe deep.


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[Assistant] The Tang Monk! She cried. She threw her arms around the monk.


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[Assistant] A fierce wind swirled, and a second later, they were both gone.


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[Assistant] The man you've become?


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[Assistant] I'd feel a lot better if I knew you'd found a good girl. One who'd make sure you didn't get into trouble.


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[Assistant] An older, more mature girl. I could keep you on the straight and narrow. And tell you when you're being a silly goose. That's the perfect type for you, I'd say.


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[Assistant] West. Chapter 65. The Metal Ring.


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[Assistant] That nademon dragged in Bajie and Wujing. They were still trapped in the vests.


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[Assistant] Demanded Wu Jing from the corner. The demon turned to face him.


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[Assistant] Said Bajie. The demon's smirk disappeared.


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[Assistant] Bajay added, one horned buffalo stood taller.


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[Assistant] The door flew open, and one horned buffalo stepped out.


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[Assistant] The monkey scratched his head.


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[Assistant] He fell to his knees and turned his back to the monkey.


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[Assistant] He noticed the demon reaching up his sleeve. What are you doing?


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[Assistant] Using all of his strength, the monkey leaped into the air. But the bar was ripped from his hands.


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[Assistant] Master, I don't know why you're still going there.


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[Assistant] You should have married that scorpion spirit instead.


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[Assistant] Ask the man. My name is Sun Wukong.


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[Assistant] Why did you do that? He cried. They were going to!


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[Assistant] But you need me, master. Wukong insisted. I refuse to leave.


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[Assistant] It wasn't hard to come up with an idea of who we were going to put in first class with us. Just a common sensical choice.


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[Assistant] Oh, here we go, we've got a bit of cat. Plea- Do you know where the doll is? Oh, Murray, stay focused. Stop talking to the cat.


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[Assistant] Come on, where's that doll? Do you think it'd be smart working together? Nah, this is the best way to clear houses.


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[Assistant] So do you not think I'd be smarter to group up?


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[Assistant] Hold on, hold on, just here, just here. Let's go. We arrived to the challenge. The girls are actually right behind us.


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[Assistant] John Herrick. Just edge his moust first please. Just hit our bottom up first. Just relax John, I'm looking. Calm down. Where you had to stack a load of wood in a traditional manner. In a traditional manner. Yeah. Moust eh? We'll just put it like that. John? Can you hear me out on this moust please?


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[Assistant] Yeah, yeah, just rethink it because this, just, just, John. No, no, no. Listen, just hear me. It doesn't say it has to be 24 high, it just says the wood has to be stacked in the marked area.


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[Assistant] It's like a little ginger. Alex, Alex, please don't tap. No, I'm just filling it.


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[Assistant] So let's just get this done. Just do the edges, Mas. Yeah? Where you are. I mean, oh.


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[Assistant] Oh, we lost our way, didn't we? No, we just got obsessed with the reference. Are we there? Thank you. There we go. Who wants to go to the dogs? You go, dogs. Let's go, Musketon. It's a race now.


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[Assistant] We were disappointed. Obviously we wanted to keep going, but we always said that we were our worst enemy and that that happened today. We had a bad day.


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[Assistant] After about a minute, Jared found it.


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[Assistant] I saw Dan and Ryan using the three-bucket. Where are the buckets Ash? From the kindling. What rats are they?


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[Assistant] Not if you remember to do your job, she won't. Come on.


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[Assistant] You think? If this is how it's going to be, it doesn't seem much point in me fighting.


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[Assistant] Shall we pick up the pace? Not unless we absolutely have to. Our guide might not be so lucky next time.


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[Assistant] We're not going to the village. Can you get us to the reactor?


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[Assistant] I see. Well, we certainly can't send you back alone. You'll be safer with us.


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[Assistant] A mako spring. It's beautiful.


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[Assistant] To put it simply, the knowledge of the ancients is sealed within each orb. That knowledge not only connects us to the planet, it allows us to tap into her power. That's how we can use magic. Or so they say.


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[Assistant] I know someone who'd be livid to hear you call it weird, or magic for that matter. I can just imagine what he'd say. It's an affront to science.


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[Assistant] Hojo, from Research and Development.


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[Assistant] Sorry, no civilians. Even if we weren't on a mission.


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[Assistant] You'd think it'd be running at reduced output. Like most last gen models.


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[Assistant] The people in charge.


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[Assistant] Whatever you see here, you are not to speak of it.


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[Assistant] Perhaps you'd like to say a few words to your sword first?


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[Assistant] These pods were built for the production of artificial materia.


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[Assistant] Excavated from a two thousand year old rock layer. A life form in stasis.


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[Assistant] So they named the life form Genova. And once they understood what she was.


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[Assistant] Ah, Cloud. I've come across the most fascinating passage.


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[Assistant] The specimen found in Strata dating back 2,000 years. Smile.


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[Assistant] She needed a name. And so I dubbed her Jenova.


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[Assistant] The Genova Project was approved soon after. A bold initiative to resurrect the long-dead ancients. An initiative that resulted in my conception. Or rather, my creation. The crowning glory of Professor Gaston's wondrous experiment.


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[Assistant] Looking for Sapphira? He just left, I'm afraid. Maybe he needed some fresh air?


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[Assistant] Did Brodin send you? I'm glad for the company. Ain't she a sight to behold. A relic of the Republic of Junon. Shinra can't make him like this, let me tell you.


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[Assistant] The two of us skipped town when we were young, you know. Thought we'd experience what the world had to offer.


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[Assistant] Eventually we went our separate ways. He joined the military and I became an engineer.


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[Assistant] So I'm digging through old republic archives, looking for something that might help, something a doctor might overlook. Just hope I find what he needs soon.


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[Assistant] Not through any shop, that's for sure. It's out of production, so you'll have to make it yourself. So, first things first, the transmuter chip. Once you got that squared away, it should be as easy as poppin' in the materials you need. Piece of cake, right?


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[Assistant] Well, monsters sure are. No doubt.


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[Assistant] That's easy for you to say. You fought the worst for a living. Not us though.


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[Assistant] Okay, if you're sure, sorry to- I mean, thank you.


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[Assistant] We're in business! Thanks!


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[Assistant] The focus is always on the boundaries of where we want to take the food. We try and incorporate different methods of the preparation of the food and different styles of presentation.


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[Assistant] Today, you'll be preparing our lemon meringue pie.


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[Assistant] Of course. So we have the lemon curd parfait balls and lemon curd gel on the side.


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[Assistant] Then we have the nitro phenyl balls.


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[Assistant] On the base, with the 3D printer, we have the caramelized white chocolate.


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[Assistant] So you gotta think, how much do you need to get in there, how forceful do you need to actually be with piping it in there? That's right.


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[Assistant] Some of the contestants had some struggles towards the end, actually completing the challenge in its entirety. But uhm, on the whole, I'm very excited to see what


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[Assistant] I think, I think that's bang on. Yea? I think that's beautiful. Beautiful execution. Flavours all there.


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[Assistant] For someone to walk into a kitchen, walk into our kitchen, professional setup, three hour time frame, bang this up, I tell you, is probably twice the cook then.


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[Assistant] But uhm, the, the actual caramelized white chocolate is rather light in flavor. You can tell she hasn't cooked it out enough, she hasn't drawn enough of that flavor out of it.


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[Assistant] I think the first thing that stands out for me is the caramelized white chocolate. That depth of flavour just brings out so much more character in the dish.


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[Assistant] By the sound of it, Shimmer's leaving no stone unturned. Might wanna hole up at the old dock out by the swamp. I'd wager Shimmer's forgotten it's even there.


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[Assistant] We go flying down and park on a bus stop the wrong way. The wrong way. He goes, come with me, I'll take you, I'll take you. Okay. Fine. Thank you, thank you.


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[Assistant] Make your way on foot to the big Onofrio Fountain and search for your niche clue. Onofrio Fountain. Let's go, babe.


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[Assistant] We're heading along these city walls. Now I'm full well that...


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[Assistant] Anything we do not quickly or not efficiently could have us completely gone.


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[Assistant] The upper body strength is not my, woohoo! Better than my Jexy. The upper body strength is not my, uhm, not my forte.


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[Assistant] I mean, I stumbled through and managed to get to the top of that wall.


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[Assistant] Maybe, just maybe, we can come and not last. Harry, the last team you ride may be eliminated.


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[Assistant] Don't stop for me. We had to run our race and do that well.


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[Assistant] My only regret is that we don't go home with anything for them. We got to come and have an amazing time.


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[Assistant] Kat and I together have done this and we'll always have this experience and we've seen places I would never have visited. I've done things I would never have done and I hopefully, we're just that little bit richer on the inside because of it.


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[Assistant] Chapter three, the ring and the lamp. Uncle Abanaza, uncle. Aladdin hit the stone, but nothing moved. Don't leave me here, please.


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[Assistant] Aladdin put his ear to the stone, but he could hear nothing. I am Aladdin, son of Mustafa, he said and listened again, but the stone did not move. Then Aladdin began to cry. What am I going to do? He thought and put his head in his hands.


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[Assistant] After a time he began to feel hungry and took some of the fruit out of his pocket. He put some in his mouth, but he could not eat them. These are stones, not fruit, he thought. I'm going to die down here.


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[Assistant] For three days and three nights, Aladdin sat on the stairs and waited. But no help came. On the third day


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[Assistant] He remembered Abanaza's ring on his finger, the ring to protect him. He could not see the ring in the dark, so he put his right hand on it.


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[Assistant] There was a sudden noise, and blue smoke came out of the ring. And then, out of the smoke, came a big Ginny. I am here, Master. I am here, the Ginny cried.


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[Assistant] I am the slave of the ring. What is your wish? Aladdin was very surprised and very afraid. At first he could not speak. Then he said, take me out of here.


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[Assistant] To hear is to obey, the genie said. And a second later, Aladdin was back on the hills under the blue sky. There was nobody there, and the fire was cold and black. Happily, Aladdin began to walk home. When he got there, his mother was very happy to see him.


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[Assistant] Oh Aladdin, she cried. What happened to you? And where is your uncle?


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[Assistant] Abanaza is not my uncle, mother.


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[Assistant] He is a magician and a bad man. He nearly killed me.


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[Assistant] Then Aladdin told his mother all about the fire, the magic stone, and the garden under the ground. Oh, I am very tired, mother, he said. I must sleep. Aladdin closed his eyes and slept for many hours.


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[Assistant] The next morning, he opened his eyes and said, Mother, I'm hungry. My son, I'm sorry, she said.


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[Assistant] We have no rice or meat in the house. We have nothing.


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[Assistant] Dirty old thing, Aladdin's mother said, I must clean it first. She began to rub it and whoosh. Noise.


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[Assistant] Fire and red smoke came from the lamp and out of the smoke


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[Assistant] Came a very big Ginny.


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[Assistant] I am the slave of the lamp, cried the Ginny. What is your wish, mistress? Aladdin's mother was afraid and could not speak. But Aladdin said, bring rice and meat to us. We are hungry. The Ginny went away.


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[Assistant] And came back in a second with rice, meat, bread


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[Assistant] And fruit on twelve gold plates. He put the plates in front of them and went away. Aladdin and his mother et and et.


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[Assistant] Then Aladdin took one of the plates to the market and sold it for two pieces of gold. Every day after that, Aladdin rubbed the lamp. And when the Ginny came, Aladdin said, bring us rice and meat.


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[Assistant] And every day he sold the gold plates. Soon Aladdin and his mother were rich.


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[Assistant] Journey to the West. Chapter 73. Two Wukongs.


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[Assistant] When Wu Jing arrived at Mount Podolaka, he was even more shocked.


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[Assistant] Wukong was meditating in the Bodhisattva's garden. Wukong! cried Wuxing.


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[Assistant] Ask the monkey. Guan Yin came out of her pagoda.


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[Assistant] Guan Yin smiled. You're mistaken, Wu Jing. Wukong has been here the whole time. Wu Jing was surprised.


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[Assistant] Wukong and Wuxing soon arrived on the fruit and flower mountain.


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[Assistant] Furious, Wukong pulled out his iron bar. The fake Wukong pulled out his iron bar.


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[Assistant] Wukong attacked, and so did the fake Wukong.


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[Assistant] Clang! The ground shook as the iron bars crashed into each other. The two monkeys fought with fury.


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[Assistant] Wuxing watched as one Wukong struck the other. Crack!


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[Assistant] The other Wukong blocked the bar and swung back. BAM!


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[Assistant] Wu Jing raised his spear and was about to enter the fight.


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[Assistant] He shouted. Instantly both monkeys stopped fighting. They looked at the purple spirit.


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[Assistant] Soon the two Wukongs stood before Guan Yin. She looked carefully at each one.


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[Assistant] Dylster, what's looking for you dude? Toby. Sorry, got a little tied up. Hang on.


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[Assistant] Superstars themselves! I just wanna say it is such an honor to meet you.


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[Assistant] Actually, while you're here, think I could ask you for a favor?


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[Assistant] Seeing as Dylan's, uh, situation seems to be taken care of. Yep, it's all good. Excellent.


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[Assistant] There's this big lighthouse down by the cape, and someone calling themselves the Merc of Junon has turned it into their hideout or something. Curie. Oh, are they an acquaintance of yours? Sorta.


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[Assistant] They've done many a good deed in Midgar and all throughout the grasslands. Allegedly, that is. And like, if they're so good at doing good, then why aren't they doing anything now?


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[Assistant] Apparently it used to guide ships back in the republic days, but that was like forever ago. Anyway, it's super out of the way and crawling with monsters. Anyone who thinks customers will come calling is out of their mind.


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[Assistant] Oh, pro tip! If you ever get the chance, you oughta swing by the hill, too.


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[Assistant] You might even catch a glimpse of the Great Condor if you're lucky. If you're into that kind of stuff.


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[Assistant] Bummer. Welp, guess we should get this place cleaned up.


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[Assistant] Oh yea! Rondo was telling me you do merc work on the side too. For real? I can't believe you didn't say anything! Best buds don't keep secrets, you know. But I hope you'll lend me a hand the next time I need help.


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[Assistant] We've all experienced the annoyance of an inconvenient itch. But have you ever pondered why we itch in the first place?


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[Assistant] The average person experiences dozens of individual itches each day.