(S (S (BASENP (NNS Studies)) (VP (VBP show) (SBAR (IN that) (S (S (VP (VP (VBG increasing) (BASENP (NNS prices))) (PP (IN through) (NP (BASENP (NNS taxes)) (PP (IN on) (BASENP (NN tobacco) (NNS products))))))) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (BASENP (DT the) (ADJP (RBS most) (JJ cost-effective)) (NN way)) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB reduce) (BASENP (NN smoking))))))))))) (PERIOD .))