title:
A probabilistic tour of visual attention and gaze shift computational
  models

abstract:
  In this paper a number of problems are considered which are related to the
modelling of eye guidance under visual attention in a natural setting. From a
crude discussion of a variety of available models spelled in probabilistic
terms, it appears that current approaches in computational vision are hitherto
far from achieving the goal of an active observer relying upon eye guidance to
accomplish real-world tasks. We argue that this challenging goal not only
requires to embody, in a principled way, the problem of eye guidance within the
action/perception loop, but to face the inextricable link tying up visual
attention, emotion and executive control, in so far as recent neurobiological
findings are weighed up.


title: Deletion-correcting codes and dominant vectors

abstract:
  In this paper we describe all pairs of binary vectors $({\bf u}, {\bf v})$
such that the set of vectors obtained by $t$ deletions in ${\bf v}$ is a subset
of the set of vectors obtained by $t$ deletions in ${\bf u}$ for $t=1,2$. Such
pairs play an important role for finding the value of $L_2(n,t)$, the maximum
cardinality of binary $t$-deletion-correcting code of length $n$.


title:
Role of the constant deceleration parameter in cosmological models with
  perfect fluid and dark energy

abstract:
  The main purpose of the present paper is to investigate LRS Bianchi type I
metric in the presence of perfect fluid and dark energy. In order to obtain a
deterministic solution of the field equations we have assumed that, the two
sources of the perfect fluid and dark energy interact minimally with separate
conservation of their energy momentum tensors. The EoS parameter of the perfect
fluid is also assumed to be constant. In addition to these we have used a
special law of variation of Hubble parameter proposed by Berman that yields
constant deceleration parameter. For two different values of the constant
deceleration parameters we have obtained two different cosmological models. The
physical behaviors of both the models have been discussed by using some
physical parameters.


title:
Three solutions for elliptic Dirichlet boundary value problem with
  singular weight

abstract:
  In this paper we prove the~existence of two non-trivial weak solutions of
Dirichlet boundary value problem for p-Laplacian problem with a~singular part
and two disturbances satisfying the~proper assumptions. The~abstract existence
result we use is the~famous Ricceri theorem.


title:
NLO Standard model effective field theory for Higgs and EW precision
  data

abstract:
  A set of constructs, definitions, and propositions that present a systematic
view of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), i.e. how the
influence of higher energy processes is localizable in a few structural
properties which can be captured by a handful of Wilson coefficients.


title:
Characterization of Exact Lumpability for Vector Fields on Smooth
  Manifolds

abstract:
  We characterize the exact lumpability of smooth vector fields on smooth
manifolds. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for lumpability and
express them from four different perspectives, thus simplifying and
generalizing various results from the literature that exist for Euclidean
spaces. We introduce a partial connection on the pullback bundle that is
related to the Bott connection and behaves like a Lie derivative. The lumping
conditions are formulated in terms of the differential of the lumping map, its
covariant derivative with respect to the connection and their respective
kernels. Some examples are discussed to illustrate the theory.


title:
Heavy Electron doping-induced antiferromagnetic phase as the parent for
  iron-oxypnictide superconductor LaFeAsO1-xHx

abstract:
  We perform transport measurements and band structure calculations of
electron-doped LaFeAsO1-xHx over a wide range of x from 0.01 to 0.66. The T^2
and sqrt(T) dependency of the resistivity are observed at x ~ 0.17 and 0.41,
respectively. The sign change of RH without opening of the spin-density-wave
gap for 0.45 < x < 0.58 and T < TN as well as the calculated non-nested Fermi
surface at x = 0.5 indicate the more localized nature of the AF2 as compared to
spin density wave phase at non-doped sample. Considering the results from band
calculations and the finite size of Hund' s rule coupling, the change of the
normal conducting state with x is reasonably explained by a strong depression
of the coherent scale owing to the increased effective Coulomb repulsion in the
narrow anti-bonding 3dxy band that approaches the half-filled regime. The
following transition from the paramagnet to AF2 is understood as the quenching
or ordering of the less-screened spins with a large entropy at low temperature.
These results suggest that the normal conducting properties over a wide doping
range for the LaFeAsO1-xHx are strongly influenced by the local spins in the
incoherent region. Thus, we conclude that the parent phase in LaFeAsO1-xHx is
not the spin-density wave but the AF2, which may be primarily responsible for
the singular superconducting properties of the 1111 type compared with other
iron pnictides.


title:
A geometric approach to solve time dependent and dissipative Hamiltonian
  systems

abstract:
  In this paper, we apply the geometric Hamilton--Jacobi theory to obtain
solutions of Hamiltonian systems in Classical Mechanics, that are either
compatible with a cosymplectic or a contact structure. As it is well known, the
first structure plays a central role in the theory of time-dependent
Hamiltonians, whilst the second is here used to treat classical Hamiltonians
including dissipation terms.
  On the other hand, the interest of a geometric Hamilton--Jacobi equation is
the primordial observation that a Hamiltonian vector field $X_{H}$ can be
projected into the configuration manifold by means of a 1-form $dW$, then the
integral curves of the projected vector field $X_{H}^{dW}$can be transformed
into integral curves of $X_{H}$ provided that $W$ is a solution of the
Hamilton--Jacobi equation.
  In this way, we use the geometric Hamilton--Jacobi theory to derive solutions
of physical systems with a Hamiltonian formulation. A new expression for a
geometric Hamilton Jacobi equation is obtained for time dependent Hamiltonians
described with the aid of a cosymplectic structure. Then, another expression
for the Hamilton Jacobi equation is retrieved for Hamiltonians with frictional
terms described through contact geometry. Both approaches shall be applied to
physical examples.


title: On the radiative corrections in the Horava-Lifshitz z=2 QED

abstract:
  We calculate one-loop contributions to the two and three point spinor-vector
functions in z=2 Horava-Lifshitz QED. This allows us to obtain the anomalous
magnetic moment.


title:
Escape process in systems characterised by stable noises and
  position-dependent resting times

abstract:
  Stochastic systems characterised by a random driving in a form of the general
stable noise are considered. The particle experiences long rests due to the
traps the density of which is position-dependent and obeys a power-law form
attributed to the underlying self-similar structure. Both one and two
dimensional case are analysed. The random walk description involves a
position-dependent waiting time distribution. On the other hand, the stochastic
dynamics is formulated in terms of the subordination technique where the random
time generator is position-dependent. The first passage time problem is
addressed by evaluating a first passage time density distribution and an escape
rate. The influence of the medium nonhomogeneity on those quantities is
demonstrated; moreover, the dependence of the escape rate on the stability
index and the memory parameter is evaluated. Results indicate essential
differences between the Gaussian case and the case involving Levy flights.


title:
ExoMol molecular line lists - XVII The rotation-vibration spectrum of
  hot SO$_3$

abstract:
  Sulphur trioxide (SO$_3$) is a trace species in the atmospheres of the Earth
and Venus, as well as well as being an industrial product and an environmental
pollutant. A variational line list for $^{32}$S$^{16}$O$_{3}$, named UYT2, is
presented containing 21 billion vibration-rotation transitions. UYT2 can be
used to model infrared spectra of SO$_3$ at wavelengths longwards of 2 $\mu$m
($\nu < 5000$ cm$^{-1}$) for temperatures up to 800 K. Infrared absorption
cross sections are also recorded at 300 and 500 C are used to validate the UYT2
line list. The intensities in UYT2 are scaled to match the measured cross
sections. The line list is made available in electronic form as supplementary
data to this article and at \url{www.exomol.com}.


title: Sphere-valued harmonic maps with surface energy and the $K_{13}$ problem

abstract:
  We consider an energy functional motivated by the celebrated $K_{13}$ problem
in the Oseen-Frank theory of nematic liquid crystals. It is defined for
sphere-valued functions and appears as the usual Dirichlet energy with an
additional surface term.
  It is known that this energy is unbounded from below and our aim has been to
study the local minimizers. We show that even having a critical point in a
suitable energy space imposes severe restrictions on the boundary conditions.
Having suitable boundary conditions makes the energy functional bounded and in
this case we study the partial regularity of the minimizers.


title:
On stability of exponential cosmological solutions with non-static
  volume factor in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet model

abstract:
  A (n+1)-dimensional gravitational model with Gauss-Bonnet term and
cosmological constant term is considered. When ansatz with diagonal
cosmological metrics is adopted, the solutions with exponential dependence of
scale factors: a_i ~ exp( v^i t), i = 1, ..., n, are analysed for n > 3. We
study the stability of the solutions with non-static volume factor, i.e. if
K(v) = \sum_{k = 1}^{n} v^k \neq 0. We prove that under certain restriction R
imposed solutions with K(v) > 0 are stable while solutions with K(v) < 0 are
unstable. Certain examples of stable solutions are presented. We show that the
solutions with v^1 = v^2 = v^3 = H > 0 and zero variation of the effective
gravitational constant are stable if the restriction R is obeyed.


title: Optimal waiting time bounds for some flux-saturated diffusion equations

abstract:
  We consider the Cauchy problem for two prototypes of flux-saturated diffusion
equations. In arbitrary space dimension, we give an optimal condition on the
growth of the initial datum which discriminates between occurrence or
nonoccurrence of a waiting time phenomenon. We also prove optimal upper bounds
on the waiting time. Our argument is based on the introduction of suitable
families of subsolutions and on a comparison result for a general class of
flux-saturated diffusion equations.


title: State-Dependent Divergences in the Entanglement Entropy

abstract:
  We show the entanglement entropy in certain quantum field theories to contain
state-dependent divergences. Both perturbative and holographic examples are
exhibited. However, quantities such as the relative entropy and the generalized
entropy of black holes remain finite, due to cancellation of divergences. We
classify all possible state-dependent divergences that can appear in both
perturbatively renormalizeable and holographic covariant $d\le 6$ quantum field
theories.


title: General properties and kinetics of spontaneous baryogenesis

abstract:
  General features of spontaneous baryogenesis are studied. The relation
between the time derivative of the (pseudo)goldstone field and the baryonic
chemical potential is revisited. It is shown that this relation essentially
depends upon the representation chosen for the fermionic fields with non-zero
baryonic number (quarks). The calculations of the cosmological baryon asymmetry
are based on the kinetic equation generalized to the case of non-stationary
background. The effects of the finite interval of the integration over time are
also included into consideration. All these effects combined lead to a
noticeable deviation of the magnitude of the baryon asymmetry from the
canonical results.


title: Evolutionary Model of Stock Markets

abstract:
  The paper presents an evolutionary economic model for the price evolution of
stocks. Treating a stock market as a self-organized system governed by a fast
purchase process and slow variations of demand and supply the model suggests
that the short term price distribution has the form a logistic (Laplace)
distribution. The long term return can be described by Laplace-Gaussian mixture
distributions. The long term mean price evolution is governed by a Walrus
equation, which can be transformed into a replicator equation. This allows
quantifying the evolutionary price competition between stocks. The theory
suggests that stock prices scaled by the price over all stocks can be used to
investigate long-term trends in a Fisher-Pry plot. The price competition that
follows from the model is illustrated by examining the empirical long-term
price trends of two stocks.


title: TTC: A Tensor Transposition Compiler for Multiple Architectures

abstract:
  We consider the problem of transposing tensors of arbitrary dimension and
describe TTC, an open source domain-specific parallel compiler. TTC generates
optimized parallel C++/CUDA C code that achieves a significant fraction of the
system's peak memory bandwidth. TTC exhibits high performance across multiple
architectures, including modern AVX-based systems (e.g.,~Intel Haswell, AMD
Steamroller), Intel's Knights Corner as well as different CUDA-based GPUs such
as NVIDIA's Kepler and Maxwell architectures. We report speedups of TTC over a
meaningful baseline implementation generated by external C++ compilers; the
results suggest that a domain-specific compiler can outperform its general
purpose counterpart significantly: For instance, comparing with Intel's latest
C++ compiler on the Haswell and Knights Corner architecture, TTC yields
speedups of up to $8\times$ and $32\times$, respectively. We also showcase
TTC's support for multiple leading dimensions, making it a suitable candidate
for the generation of performance-critical packing functions that are at the
core of the ubiquitous BLAS 3 routines.


title: The Lorentz Group with Dual-Translations and the Conformal Group

abstract:
  For those finite-matrix representations of the Lorentz group of
rotations/boosts with spin $(A,B)\oplus(C,D)$ that can also represent
translations, two possible translation subgroups qualify. Of these two, one
must be selected, and one discarded, to represent the Poincar\'{e} group of
rotations/boosts with translations in spacetime. Instead, let us discard the
requirement that there be just one translation subgroup. With
dual-translations, one gives up agreement with simple macroscopic observations
of spacetime. Now the transformations of both possible translation subgroups
combine with those of the Lorentz group. The resulting commutation relations
require new transformations and generators to satisfy the linearity requirement
of a Lie algebra. Special cases of spins are sought to restrict the influx of
new transformations. One finds that the Dirac 4-spinor formalism is the only
viable solution. The slightly expanded group it represents is the conformal
group with just one new transformation, scale change. It follows as a corollary
that the Dirac 4-spinor formalism is the only matrix representation of the
conformal group with spin $(A,B)\oplus(C,D).$


title: Consistency of the MLE under mixture models

abstract:
  The large-sample properties of likelihood-based statistical inference under
mixture models have received much attention from statisticians. Although the
consistency of the nonparametric MLE is regarded as a standard conclusion, many
researchers ignore the precise conditions required on the mixture model. An
incorrect claim of consistency can lead to false conclusions even if the
mixture model under investigation seems well behaved. Under a finite normal
mixture model, for instance, the consistency of the plain MLE is often
erroneously assumed in spite of recent research breakthroughs. This paper
streamlines the consistency results for the nonparametric MLE in general, and
in particular for the penalized MLE under finite normal mixture models.


title: The Nambu-Goldstone theorem in non-relativistic systems

abstract:
  In non-relativistic systems, when there is spontaneous symmetry breaking, the
number of Nambu-Goldstone bosons ($n_{NG}$) are not necessarily equal to the
number of broken generators ($n_{BG}$). Here we use the method of operators for
analyzing the necessary conditions in order to obtain the correct dispersion
relation for the Nambu-Goldstone bosons.


title:
A plausible link between the asteroid 21 Lutetia and CH carbonaceous
  chondrites

abstract:
  A crucial topic in planetology research is establishing links between
primitive meteorites and their parent asteroids. In this study we investigate
the feasibility of a connection between asteroids similar to 21 Lutetia,
encountered by the Rosetta mission in July 2010, and the CH3 carbonaceous
chondrite Pecora Escarpment 91467 (PCA 91467). Several spectra of this
meteorite were acquired in the ultraviolet to near-infrared (0.3 to 2.2 {\mu}m)
and in the mid-infrared to thermal infrared (2.5 to 30.0 {\mu}m or 4000 to ~333
cm^-1), and they are compared here to spectra from the asteroid 21 Lutetia.
There are several similarities in absorption bands and overall spectral
behavior between this CH3 meteorite and 21 Lutetia. Considering also that the
bulk density of Lutetia is similar to that of CH chondrites, we suggest that
this asteroid could be similar, or related to, the parent body of these
meteorites, if not the parent body itself. However, the apparent surface
diversity of Lutetia pointed out in previous studies indicates that it could
simultaneously be related to other types of chondrites. Future discovery of
additional unweathered CH chondrites could provide deeper insight in the
possible connection between this family of metal-rich carbonaceous chondrites
and 21 Lutetia or other featureless, possibly hydrated high-albedo asteroids.


title:
An extended MABAC for multi-attribute decision making using trapezoidal
  interval type-2 fuzzy numbers

abstract:
  In this paper, we attempt to extend Multi Attributive Border Approximation
area Comparison (MABAC) approach for multi-attribute decision making (MADM)
problems based on type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs). As a special case of IT2FSs
interval type-2 trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (IT2TrFNs) are adopted here to deal
with uncertainties present in many practical evaluation and selection problems.
A systematic description of MABAC based on IT2TrFNs is presented in the current
study. The validity and feasibility of the proposed method are illustrated by a
practical example of selecting the most suitable candidate for a software
company which is heading to hire a system analysis engineer based on few
attributes. Finally, a comparison with two other existing MADM methods is
described.


title: Black Holes, Information Loss and the Measurement Problem

abstract:
  The information loss paradox is often presented as an unavoidable consequence
of well-established physics. However, in order for a genuine paradox to ensue,
not-trivial assumptions about, e.g., quantum effects on spacetime, are
necessary. In this work we will be explicit about these additional, speculative
assumptions required. We will also sketch a map of the available routes to
tackle the issue, highlighting the, often overlooked, commitments demanded of
each alternative. In particular, we will display the strong link between black
holes, the issue of information loss and the measurement problem.


title:
Preferential concentration of inertial sub-kolmogorov particles. The
  roles of mass loading of particles, Stokes and Reynolds numbers

abstract:
  Turbulent flows laden with inertial particles present multiple open questions
and are a subject of great interest in current research. Due to their higher
density compared to the carrier fluid, inertial particles tend to form high
concentration regions, i.e. clusters, and low concentration regions, i.e.
voids, due to the interaction with the turbulence. In this work, we present an
experimental investigation of the clustering phenomenon of heavy sub-Kolmogorov
particles in homogeneous isotropic turbulent flows. Three control parameters
have been varied over significant ranges: $Re_{\lambda} \in [170 - 450]$,
$St\in [0.1 - 5]$ and volume fraction $\phi_v\in [2\times 10^{-6} - 2\times
10^{-5}]$. The scaling of clustering characteristics, such as the distribution
of Vorono\"i areas and the dimensions of cluster and void regions, with the
three parameters are discussed. In particular, for the polydispersed size
distributions considered here, clustering is found to be enhanced strongly
(quasi-linearly) by $Re_{\lambda}$ and noticeably (with a square-root
dependency) with $\phi_v$, while the cluster and void sizes, scaled with the
Kolmogorov lengthscale $\eta$, are driven primarily by $Re_{\lambda}$. Cluster
length $\sqrt{\langle A_c \rangle}$ scales up to $\approx 100 {\eta}$, measured
at the highest $Re_{\lambda}$, while void length $\sqrt{\langle A_v \rangle}$
scaled also with $\eta$ is typically two times larger ($\approx 200 {\eta}$).
The lack of sensitivity of the above characteristics to the Stokes number lends
support to the "sweep-stick" particle accumulation scenario. The non-negligible
influence of the volume fraction, however, is not considered by that model and
can be connected with collective effects.


title:
Singular persistent homology with geometrically parallelizable
  computation

abstract:
  Persistent homology is a popular tool in Topological Data Analysis. It
provides numerical characteristics of data sets which reflect global geometric
properties. In order to be useful in practice, for example for feature
generation in machine learning, it needs to be effectively computable.
Classical homology is a computable topological invariant because of the
Mayer-Vietoris exact and spectral sequences associated to coverings of a space.
We state and prove versions of the Mayer-Vietoris theorem for persistent
homology under mild and commonplace assumptions. This is done through the use
of a new theory, the singular persistent homology, better suited for handling
coverings of data sets. As an application, we create a distributed
computational workflow where the advantage is not only or even primarily in
speed improvement but in sheer feasibility for large data sets.


title: A variation of a congruence of Subbarao for n=2^(alpha)*5^(beta)

abstract:
  There are many open problems concerning the characterization of the positive
integers $n$ fulfilling certain congruences and involving the Euler totient
function $\varphi$ and the sum of positive divisors function $\sigma$ of the
positive integer $n$. In this work, we deal with the congruence of the form $$
n\varphi(n)\equiv2\pmod{\sigma(n)} $$ and we prove that the only positive
integers of the form $2^{\alpha}5^{\beta}, \enspace \alpha, \beta\geq0,$ that
satisfy the above congruence are $n=1, 2, 5, 8$.


title:
Palatini wormholes and energy conditions from the prism of General
  Relativity

abstract:
  Wormholes are hypothetical shortcuts in spacetime that in General Relativity
unavoidably violate all of the pointwise energy conditions. In this paper, we
consider several wormhole spacetimes that, as opposed to the standard
\emph{designer} procedure frequently employed in the literature, arise directly
from gravitational actions including additional terms resulting from
contractions of the Ricci tensor with the metric, and which are formulated
assuming independence between metric and connection (Palatini approach). We
reinterpret such wormhole solutions under the prism of General Relativity and
study the matter sources that thread them. We discuss the size of violation of
the energy conditions in different cases, and how this is related to the same
spacetimes when viewed from the modified gravity side.


title:
Anomaly and Sign problem in $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ SYM on Polyhedra :
  Numerical Analysis

abstract:
  We investigate the two-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric
Yang-Mills (SYM) theory on the discretized curved space (polyhedra). We first
revisit that the number of supersymmetries of the continuum $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$
SYM theory on any curved manifold can be enhanced at least to two by
introducing an appropriate $U(1)$ gauge background associated with the
$U(1)_{V}$ symmetry. We then show that the generalized Sugino model on the
discretized curved space, which was proposed in our previous work, can be
identified to the discretization of this SUSY enhanced theory, where one of the
supersymmetries remains and the other is broken but restored in the continuum
limit. We find that the $U(1)_{A}$ anomaly exists also in the discretized
theory as a result of an unbalance of the number of the fermions proportional
to the Euler characteristics of the polyhedra. We then study this model by
using the numerical Monte-Carlo simulation. We propose a novel phase-quench
method called "anomaly-phase-quenched approximation" with respect to the
$U(1)_A$ anomaly. We numerically show that the Ward-Takahashi (WT) identity
associated with the remaining supersymmetry is realized by adopting this
approximation. We figure out the relation between the sign (phase) problem and
pseudo-zero-modes of the Dirac operator. We also show that the divergent
behavior of the scalar one-point function gets milder as the genus of the
background increases. These are the first numerical observations for the
supersymmetric lattice model on the curved space with generic topologies.


title: Dynamic Flow Scheduling Strategy in Multihoming Video CDNs

abstract:
  Multihoming for a video Content Delivery Network (CDN) allows edge peering
servers to deliver video chunks through different Internet Service Providers
(ISPs), to achieve an improved quality of service (QoS) for video streaming
users. However, since traditional strategies for a multihoming video CDN are
simply designed according to static rules, e.g., simply sending traffic via a
ISP which is the same as the ISP of client, they fail to dynamically allocate
resources among different ISPs over time. In this paper, we perform measurement
studies to demonstrate that such static allocation mechanism is inefficient to
make full utilization of multiple ISPs' resources. To address this problem, we
propose a dynamic flow scheduling strategy for multihoming video CDN. The
challenge is to find the control parameters that can guide the ISP selection
when performing flow scheduling. Using a data-driven approach, we find factors
that have a major impact on the performance improvement in the dynamic flow
scheduling. We further utilize an information gain approach to generate
parameter combinations that can be used to guide the flow scheduling, i.e., to
determine the ISP each request should be responded by. Our evaluation results
demonstrate that our design effectively performs the flow scheduling. In
particular, our design yields near optimal performance in a simulation of
real-world multihoming setup.


title: Lectures on Bridgeland Stability

abstract:
  In these lecture notes we give an introduction to Bridgeland stability
conditions on smooth complex projective varieties with a particular focus on
the case of surfaces. This includes basic definitions of stability conditions
on derived categories, basics on moduli spaces of stable objects and variation
of stability. These notes originated from lecture series by the first author at
the summer school "Recent advances in algebraic and arithmetic geometry",
Siena, Italy, August 24-28, 2015 and at the school "Moduli of Curves", CIMAT,
Guanajuato, Mexico, February 22 - March 4, 2016.


title:
Unifying notions of generalized weights for universal security on
  wire-tap networks

abstract:
  Universal security over a network with linear network coding has been
intensively studied. However, previous linear codes used for this purpose were
linear over a larger field than that used on the network. In this work, we
introduce new parameters (relative dimension/rank support profile and relative
generalized matrix weights) for linear codes that are linear over the field
used in the network, measuring the universal security performance of these
codes. The proposed new parameters enable us to use optimally universal secure
linear codes on noiseless networks for all possible parameters, as opposed to
previous works, and also enable us to add universal security to the recently
proposed list-decodable rank-metric codes by Guruswami et al. We give several
properties of the new parameters: monotonicity, Singleton-type lower and upper
bounds, a duality theorem, and definitions and characterizations of
equivalences of linear codes. Finally, we show that our parameters strictly
extend relative dimension/length profile and relative generalized Hamming
weights, respectively, and relative dimension/intersection profile and relative
generalized rank weights, respectively. Moreover, we show that generalized
matrix weights are larger than Delsarte generalized weights.


title: Axiomatic nonextensive statistics at NICA energies

abstract:
  We discuss the possibility of implementing axiomatic nonextensive statistics,
where it is conjectured that the phase-space volume determines the
(non)extensive entropy, on the particle production at NICA energies. Both
Boltzmann-Gibbs and Tsallis statistics are very special cases of this generic
(non)extensivity. We conclude that the lattice thermodynamics is {\it ab
initio} extensive and additive and thus the nonextensive approaches including
Tsallis statistics categorically are not matching with them, while the particle
production, for instance the particle ratios at various center-of-mass
energies, is likely a nonextensive process but certainly not of Tsallis type.
The resulting freezeout parameters, the temperature and the chemical
potentials, are approximately compatible with the ones deduced from
Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics.


title: Innovation diffusion equations on correlated scale-free networks

abstract:
  We introduce a heterogeneous network structure into the Bass diffusion model,
in order to study the diffusion times of innovation or information in networks
with a scale-free structure, typical of regions where diffusion is sensitive to
geographic and logistic influences (like for instance Alpine regions). We
consider both the diffusion peak times of the total population and of the link
classes. In the familiar trickle-down processes the adoption curve of the hubs
is found to anticipate the total adoption in a predictable way. In a major
departure from the standard model, we model a trickle-up process by introducing
heterogeneous publicity coefficients (which can also be negative for the hubs,
thus turning them into stiflers) and a stochastic term which represents the
erratic generation of innovation at the periphery of the network. The results
confirm the robustness of the Bass model and expand considerably its range of
applicability.


title: New features of CitedReferencesExplorer (CRExplorer)

abstract:
  CRExplorer version 1.6.7 was released on July 5, 2016. This version includes
the following new features and improvements: Scopus: Using "File" - "Import" -
"Scopus", CRExplorer reads files from Scopus. The file format "CSV" (including
citations, abstracts and references) should be chosen in Scopus for downloading
records. Export facilities: Using "File" - "Export" - "Scopus", CRExplorer
exports files in the Scopus format. Using "File" - "Export" - "Web of Science",
CRExplorer exports files in the Web of Science format. These files can be
imported in other bibliometric programs (e.g. VOSviewer). Space bar: Select a
specific cited reference in the cited references table, press the space bar,
and all bibliographic details of the CR are shown. Internal file format: Using
"File" - "Save", working files are saved in the internal file format "*.cre".
The files include all data including matching results and manual matching
corrections. The files can be opened by using "File" - "Open".


title:
Star forming activity in the H II regions associated with IRAS
  17160-3707 complex

abstract:
  We present a multiwavelength investigation of star formation activity towards
the southern H II regions associated with IRAS 17160-3707, located at a
distance of 6.2 kpc with a bolometric luminosity of 830000 Lsun.The ionised gas
distribution and dust clumps in the parental molecular cloud are examined in
detail using measurements at infrared, submillimeter and radio wavelengths.The
radio continuum images at 1280 and 610 MHz obtained using Giant Metrewave Radio
Telescope reveal the presence of multiple compact sources as well as nebulous
emission.At submillimeter wavelengths, we identify seven dust clumps and
estimate their physical properties like temperature: 24 - 30 K, mass: 300 -
4800 Msun and luminosity: 900 - 31700 Lsun using modified blackbody fits to the
spectral energy distributions between 70 and 870 um.We find 24 young stellar
objects in the mid-infrared, with few of them coincident with the compact radio
sources.The spectral energy distributions of young stellar objects have been
fitted by the Robitaille models and the results indicate that those having
radio compact sources as counterparts host massive objects in early
evolutionary stages with best fit age <= 0.2 Myr.We compare the relative
evolutionary stages of clumps using various signposts such as masers, ionised
gas, presence of young stellar objects and infrared nebulosity and find six
massive star forming clumps and one quiescent clump.Of the former, five are in
a relatively advanced stage and one in an earlier stage.


title:
Biquaternionic Model of Electro-Gravimagnetic Field, Charges and
  Currents. Law of Inertia

abstract:
  One the base of Maxwell and Dirac equations the one biquaternionic model of
electro-gravimagnetic (EGM) fields is considered. The closed system of
biquaternionic wave equations is constructed for determination of free system
of electric and gravimagnetic charges and currents and generated by them
EGM-field. By using generalized functions theory the fundamental and regular
solutions of this system are determined and some of them are considered
(spinors, plane waves, shock EGMwaves and others). The properties of these
solutions are investigated.


title:
The Potsdam MRS Spectrograph - heritage of MUSE and the impact of
  cross-innovation in the process of technology transfer

abstract:
  After having demonstrated that an IFU, attached to a microscope rather than
to a telescope, is capable of differentiating complex organic tissue with
spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy, we have launched a clinical validation
program that utilizes a novel optimized fiber-coupled multi-channel
spectrograph whose layout is based on the modular MUSE spectrograph concept.
The new design features a telecentric input and has an extended blue
performance, but otherwise maintains the properties of high throughput and
excellent image quality over an octave of wavelength coverage with modest
spectral resolution. We present the opto-mechanical layout and details of its
optical performance.


title:
A mean-field approach applied for the ferromagnetic spin-1 Blume-Capel
  model

abstract:
  We applied a mean-field approach associated to Monte Carlo simulations in
order to study the spin-1 ferromagnetic Blume-Capel model in the square and the
linear lattice. This new technique, which we call MFT-MC, determines the
molecular field as the magnetization response of a Monte Carlo simulation. The
resulting phase diagram is qualitatively correct, in contrast to
effective-field approximations, in which the first-order line is not
perpendicular to the anisotropy axis at low temperatures. Thermodynamic
quantities, as the entropy and the specific heat curves can be obtained so as
to analyze the nature of the phase transition points. Also, the possibility of
using larger sizes constitutes an improvement regarding other mean-field
approximations that use clusters.


title: Lyapunov exponents and related concepts for entire functions

abstract:
  Let $f$ be an entire function and denote by $f^\#$ be the spherical
derivative of $f$ and by $f^n$ the $n$-th iterate of $f$. For an open set $U$
intersecting the Julia set $J(f)$, we consider how fast $\sup_{z\in U}
(f^n)^\#(z)$ and $\int_U (f^n)^\#(z)^2 dx\:dy$ tend to $\infty$. We also study
the growth rate of the sequence $(f^n)^\#(z)$ for $z\in J(f)$.


title:
Parallelized Structures for MIMO FBMC under Strong Channel Frequency
  Selectivity

abstract:
  A novel architecture for MIMO transmission and reception of filterbank
multicarrier (FBMC) modulated signals under strong frequency selectivity is
presented. The proposed system seeks to approximate an ideal
frequency-selective precoder and linear receiver by Taylor expansion,
exploiting the structure of the analysis and synthesis filterbanks. The
resulting architecture is implemented by linearly combining conventional MIMO
linear transceivers, which are applied to sequential derivatives of the
original filterbank. The classical per-subcarrier precoding/linear receiver
configuration is obtained as a special case of this architecture, when only one
stage is fixed at both transmitter and receiver. An asymptotic expression for
the resulting intersymbol/intercarrier (ISI/ICI) distortion is derived assuming
that the number of subcarriers grows large. This expression can in practice be
used in order to determine the number of parallel stages that need to be
implemented in the proposed architecture. Performance evaluation studies
confirm the substantial advantage of the proposed scheme in practical
frequency-selective MIMO scenarios.


title:
Design of polarization-insensitive superconducting single photon
  detectors with high-index dielectrics

abstract:
  In this paper, the design of superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors
which are insensitive to the polarization of the incident light is
investigated. By using high-refractive-index dielectrics, the index mismatch
between the nanowire and the surrounding media is reduced. This enhances the
absorption of light with electric field vector perpendicular to the nanowire
segments, which is generally hindered in this kind of detectors. Building on
this principle and focusing on NbTiN nanowire devices, we present several
easy-to-realize cavity architectures which allow high absorption efficiency (in
excess of 90%) and polarization insensitivity simultaneously. Designs based on
ultranarrow nanowires, for which the polarization sensitivity is much more
marked, are also presented. Finally, we briefly discuss the specific advantages
of this approach in the case of WSi or MoSi nanowires.


title: Temporal Topic Analysis with Endogenous and Exogenous Processes

abstract:
  We consider the problem of modeling temporal textual data taking endogenous
and exogenous processes into account. Such text documents arise in real world
applications, including job advertisements and economic news articles, which
are influenced by the fluctuations of the general economy. We propose a
hierarchical Bayesian topic model which imposes a "group-correlated"
hierarchical structure on the evolution of topics over time incorporating both
processes, and show that this model can be estimated from Markov chain Monte
Carlo sampling methods. We further demonstrate that this model captures the
intrinsic relationships between the topic distribution and the time-dependent
factors, and compare its performance with latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and
two other related models. The model is applied to two collections of documents
to illustrate its empirical performance: online job advertisements from
DirectEmployers Association and journalists' postings on BusinessInsider.com.


title:
Long range correlations generated by phase separation. Exact results
  from field theory

abstract:
  We consider near-critical planar systems with boundary conditions inducing
phase separation. While order parameter correlations decay exponentially in
pure phases, we show by direct field theoretical derivation how phase
separation generates long range correlations in the direction parallel to the
interface, and determine their exact analytic form. The latter leads to
specific contributions to the structure factor of the interface.


title: Quadratic solutions of quadratic forms

abstract:
  We study solutions of a homogeneous quadratic equation $q(x_0,\dots, x_n)=0$,
defined over a field $K$, where the $x_i$ are themselves homogeneous
polynomials of some degree $d$ in $r+1$ variables. Equivalently, we are looking
at rational maps from projective $r$-space $P^r$ to a quadric hypersurface $Q$,
defined over a field $K$.
  The space of maps of $P^1$ to a quadric $Q$ is stably birational to $Q$ if
$d$ is even and to the orthogonal Grassmannian of lines in $Q$ if $d$ is odd.
Most of the paper is devoted to obtaining similar descriptions for the spaces
parametrizing maps of $P^2$ to quadrics, given by degree 2 polynomials. The
most interesting case is 4-dimensional quadrics when there are 5 irreducible
components. The methods are mostly classical, involving the Veronese surface,
its equations and projections.
  In the real case, these results provide some of the last steps of a project,
started by Kummer and Darboux, to describe all surfaces that contain at least 2
circles through every point.


title: Interactions of N Goldstini in Superspace

abstract:
  We study field theories with N extended non-linearly realized
supersymmetries, describing the couplings of models that contain N goldstini.
We review all the known formulations of the N=1 goldstino theories and we
generalize them to an arbitrary number N of non-linearly realized
supersymmetries. We explicitly prove the equivalence of all these extended
supersymmetry breaking models containing N goldstini and reformulate the theory
with N supersymmetries in terms of standard N=1 constrained superfields.


title: On the zero crossing of the three-gluon vertex

abstract:
  We report on new results on the infrared behaviour of the three-gluon vertex
in quenched Quantum Chormodynamics, obtained from large-volume lattice
simulations. The main focus of our study is the appearance of the
characteristic infrared feature known as 'zero crossing', the origin of which
is intimately connected with the nonperturbative masslessness of the
Faddeev-Popov ghost. The appearance of this effect is clearly visible in one of
the two kinematic configurations analyzed, and its theoretical origin is
discussed in the framework of Schwinger-Dyson equations. The effective coupling
in the momentum subtraction scheme that corresponds to the three-gluon vertex
is constructed, revealing the vanishing of the effective interaction at the
exact location of the zero crossing.


title:
Chromospheric activity and evolutionary age of the Sun and four solar
  twins

abstract:
  The activity levels of the solar-twin candidates HD 101364 and HD 197027 are
measured and compared with the Sun, the known solar twin 18 Sco, and the
solar-like star 51 Peg. Furthermore, the absolute ages of these five objects
are estimated from their positions in the HR diagram and the evolutionary
(relative) age compared with their activity levels. To represent the activity
level of these stars, the Mount Wilson S-indices were used. To obtain
consistent ages and evolutionary advance on the main sequence, we used
evolutionary tracks calculated with the Cambridge Stellar Evolution Code. From
our spectroscopic observations of HD 101364 and HD 197027 and based on the
established calibration procedures, the respective Mount Wilson S-indices are
determined. We find that the chromospheric activity of both stars is comparable
with the present activity level of the Sun and that of 18 Sco, at least for the
period in consideration. Furthermore, the absolute age of HD 101364, HD 197027,
51 Peg, and 18 Sco are found to be 7.2, 7.1, 6.1, and 5.1 Gyr, respectively.
With the exception of 51 Peg, which has a significantly higher metallicity and
a mass higher by about 10% than the Sun, the present Sun and its twins compare
relatively well in their activity levels, even though the other twins are
somewhat older. Even though 51 Peg has a similar age of 6.1 Gyr, this star is
significantly less active. Only when we compare it on a relative age scale
(which is about 20% shorter for 51 Peg than for the Sun in absolute terms) and
use the higher-than-present long-term S$_{\rm{MWO}}$ average of 0.18 for the
Sun, does the S-index show a good correlation with evolutionary (relative) age.
This shows that in the search for a suitably similar solar twin, the relative
main-sequence age matters for obtaining a comparable activity level.


title: An Adaptive Newton-Method Based on a Dynamical Systems Approach

abstract:
  The traditional Newton method for solving nonlinear operator equations in
Banach spaces is discussed within the context of the continuous Newton method.
This setting makes it possible to interpret the Newton method as a discrete
dynamical system and thereby to cast it in the framework of an adaptive step
size control procedure. In so doing, our goal is to reduce the chaotic behavior
of the original method without losing its quadratic convergence property close
to the roots. The performance of the modified scheme is illustrated with
various examples from algebraic and differential equations.


title: The stratum of random mapping classes

abstract:
  We consider random walks on the mapping class group whose support generates a
non-elementary subgroup and contains a pseudo-Anosov map whose invariant
Teichm\"uller geodesic is in the principal stratum. For such random walks, we
show that mapping classes along almost every infinite sample path are
eventually pseudo-Anosov, with invariant Teichm\"uller geodesics in the
principal stratum. This provides an answer to a question of Kapovich and Pfaff.


title: Impact-induced differentiation in icy bodies

abstract:
  By the time icy objects grow to about the mass of Europa and silicate bodies
grow to approximately lunar mass, a large high-speed impact can generate an
intact melt region that allows the dense material to gravitationally segregate,
forming a large density anomaly. If this anomaly generates sufficient
differential stress, it rapidly segregates to the object's center, triggering
whole body differentiation. We used an impact melting model based on the
Hugoniot equations, the linear shock-particle velocity relationship, and the
empirical relationship between shock pressure and distance coupled with a Monte
Carlo simulation of the late accretion process to determine conditions under
which large impacts trigger differentiation in icy bodies. In a gas-free
environment, impacts of projectiles in the satellite's accretion zone have a
small probability of triggering differentiation in surviving proto-satellites
as small as Triton. The probability increases to 100% by the time surviving
proto-satellites grow to the mass of Europa. The impact of heliocentric
particles captured by the central planet also effectively triggers
differentiation in the icy satellites. If the largest projectiles in the
heliocentric distribution are comparable to the mass of the growing satellites,
they trigger differentiation in all surviving proto-satellites by the time they
grow to the mass of Callisto. However, Callisto and Ganymede have different
probabilities of impact-induced differentiation if they captured a small
fraction (0.01 and 0.5%) of the particles they accreted from a distribution of
small (largest particles ~10% of the satellite's mass) heliocentric objects.
Impact induced differentiation explains the apparent difference between these
two objects in a plausible way.


title:
Identity of King and Flajolet & al. Formulae for LRU Miss Rate Exact
  Computation

abstract:
  This short paper gives a detailed proof of identity between two classic
formulas for the computation of the exact Miss Rate of LRU caches. An extension
to the identity of two formulas of the expected time of a partial collection in
the coupon collector problem is also presented.


title: On the Achievable Rate of Bi-Static Modulated Re-Scatter Systems

abstract:
  In ambient re-scatter communications, devices convey information by
modulating and re-scattering the radio frequency signals impinging on their
antennas. In this correspondence, we consider a system consisting of a legacy
modulated continuous carrier multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) link and a
multi-antenna modulated re-scatter (MRS) node, where the MRS node modulates and
re-scatters the signal generated by the legacy transmitter. The receiver seeks
to decode both the original message and the information added by the MRS. We
show that the achievable sum rate of this system exceeds that which the legacy
system could achieve alone. We further consider the impact of channel
estimation errors under the least squares channel estimation and study the
achievable rate of the legacy and MRS systems, where a linear minimum mean
square error receiver with successive interference cancellation is utilized for
joint decoding.


title: Detecting a many-body mobility edge with quantum quenches

abstract:
  The many-body localization (MBL) transition is a quantum phase transition
involving highly excited eigenstates of a disordered quantum many-body
Hamiltonian, which evolve from "extended/ergodic" (exhibiting extensive
entanglement entropies and fluctuations) to "localized" (exhibiting area-law
scaling of entanglement and fluctuations). The MBL transition can be driven by
the strength of disorder in a given spectral range, or by the energy density at
fixed disorder - if the system possesses a many-body mobility edge. Here we
propose to explore the latter mechanism by using "quantum-quench spectroscopy",
namely via quantum quenches of variable width which prepare the state of the
system in a superposition of eigenstates of the Hamiltonian within a
controllable spectral region. Studying numerically a chain of interacting
spinless fermions in a quasi-periodic potential, we argue that this system has
a many-body mobility edge; and we show that its existence translates into a
clear dynamical transition in the time evolution immediately following a quench
in the strength of the quasi-periodic potential, as well as a transition in the
scaling properties of the quasi-stationary state at long times. Our results
suggest a practical scheme for the experimental observation of many-body
mobility edges using cold-atom setups.


title: Do Horizons Exist?

abstract:
  Gravitational effective action is calculated to second order in transverse
momentums for a planar asymptotically anti-de Sitter geometry by gauge fixing
method. The first order bulk energy-momentum tensor is calculated. The zeroth
order equations of motion are solved and a new black brane-like solution is
found. We show that once the contribution of matter quantum modes is taken into
account, the horizon of the black brane disappears. This is also correct for
BTZ black hole. Our result strengthens the black hole non-existence proposal by
Hawking.


title: Transverse Target Single Spin Asymmetry in Elastic e-{\p} Scattering

abstract:
  Using the Coulomb Eikonal Phase associated with a transversely polarized
nucleon, we calculate the azimuthal single spin asymmetry of unpolarized
electrons elastically scattered from a transversely polarized nucleon target.
The azimuthal asymmetry in this case is attributed to the fact that in a
transversely polarized nucleon, the transverse charge density is no longer
axially symmetric and is distorted due to the transverse spin of the nucleon.
This asymmetry in the nucleon charge density causes a left-right asymmetry in
the azimuthal distribution of the scattered electrons. In our approach, we
utilize the relativistic Eikonal approximation to calculate the one and two
photon exchange amplitudes from which a non zero azimuthal asymmetry appears
due to the interference between the two amplitudes.


title:
Superconductivity-enhanced Nematicity and '$s+d$' Gap Symmetry in
  Fe(Se$_{1-x}$S$_x$)

abstract:
  Superconducting iron chalcogenide FeSe has the simplest crystal structure
among all the Fe-based superconductors. Unlike other iron pnictides, FeSe
exhibits no long range magnetic order accompanying the
tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural distortion, which raises the fundamental
question about the role of magnetism and its associated spin fluctuations in
mediating both nematicity and superconductivity. The extreme sensitivity of
FeSe to external pressure suggests that chemical pressure, induced by
substitution of Se by the smaller ion S, could also a be good tuning parameter
to further study the coupling between superconductivity and nematicity and to
obtain information on both the Fermi-surface changes and the symmetry of the
superconducting state. Here we study the thermodynamic properties of
Fe(Se$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$) for 3 compositions, $x=0$, 0.08 and 0.15, using
heat-capacity and thermal-expansion measurements. With increasing S content we
observe a significant reduction of the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic transition
temperature T$_{s}$. However, this suppression of T$_{s}$ is counterintuitively
accompanied by an enhancement of the orthorhombic distortion $\delta$ below
T$_c$, which clearly indicates that superconductivity favors the nematic state.
In parallel, the superconducting transition temperature T$_{c}$ is sizeably
enhanced, whereas the increase of the Sommerfeld coefficient $\gamma_{n}$ is
quite moderate. In the T$\to$ 0 limit, an unusually large residual density of
states is found for $x>0$ indicative of significant substitution-induced
disorder. We discuss these observations in the context of $s+d$
superconducting-state symmetry.


title: Basic Ideas to Approach Metastability in Probabilistic Cellular Automata

abstract:
  Cellular Automata are discrete--time dynamical systems on a spatially
extended discrete space which provide paradigmatic examples of nonlinear
phenomena. Their stochastic generalizations, i.e., Probabilistic Cellular
Automata, are discrete time Markov chains on lattice with finite single--cell
states whose distinguishing feature is the \textit{parallel} character of the
updating rule. We review some of the results obtained about the metastable
behavior of Probabilistic Cellular Automata and we try to point out
difficulties and peculiarities with respect to standard Statistical Mechanics
Lattice models.


title:
Caught in the Act: Direct Detection of Galactic Bars in the Buckling
  Phase

abstract:
  The majority of massive disk galaxies, including our own, have stellar bars
with vertically thick inner regions -- so-called "boxy/peanut-shaped" (B/P)
bulges. The most commonly suggested mechanism for the formation of B/P bulges
is a violent vertical "buckling" instability in the bar, something that has
been seen in N-body simulations for over twenty years, but never identified in
real galaxies. Here, we present the first direct observational evidence for
ongoing buckling in two nearby galaxies (NGC 3227 and NGC 4569), including
characteristic asymmetric isophotes and (in NGC 4569) stellar-kinematic
asymmetries that match buckling in simulations. This confirms that the buckling
instability takes place and produces B/P bulges in real galaxies. A toy model
of bar evolution yields a local fraction of buckling bars consistent with
observations if the buckling phase lasts ~0.5--1 Gyr, in agreement with
simulations.


title: Thermodynamics of relativistic quantum fields confined in cavities

abstract:
  We investigate the quantum thermodynamical properties of localised
relativistic quantum fields, and how they can be used as quantum thermal
machines. We study the efficiency and power of energy transfer between the
classical gravitational degrees of freedom, such as the energy input due to the
motion of boundaries or an impinging gravitational wave, and the excitations of
a confined quantum field. We find that the efficiency of energy transfer
depends dramatically on the input initial state of the system. Furthermore, we
investigate the ability of the system to extract energy from a gravitational
wave and store it in a battery. This process is inefficient in optical cavities
but is significantly enhanced when employing trapped Bose Einstein condensates.
We also employ standard fluctuation results to obtain the work probability
distribution, which allows us to understand how the efficiency is related to
the dissipation of work. Finally, we apply our techniques to a setup where an
impinging gravitational wave excites the phononic modes of a Bose Einstein
condensate. We find that, in this case, the percentage of energy transferred to
the phonons approaches unity after a suitable amount of time. These results
give a quantitative insight into the thermodynamic behaviour of relativistic
quantum fields confined in cavities.


title: Orbit Dirichlet series and multiset permutations

abstract:
  We study Dirichlet series enumerating orbits of Cartesian products of maps
whose orbit distributions are modelled on the distributions of finite index
subgroups of free abelian groups of finite rank. We interpret Euler factors of
such orbit Dirichlet series in terms of generating polynomials for statistics
on multiset permutations, viz. descent and major index, generalizing Carlitz's
$q$-Eulerian polynomials.
  We give two main applications of this combinatorial interpretation. Firstly,
we establish local functional equations for the Euler factors of the orbit
Dirichlet series under consideration. Secondly, we determine these (global)
Dirichlet series' abscissae of convergence and establish some meromorphic
continuation beyond these abscissae. As a corollary, we describe the
asymptotics of the relevant orbit growth sequences. For Cartesian products of
more than two maps we establish a natural boundary for meromorphic
continuation. For products of two maps, we prove the existence of such a
natural boundary subject to a combinatorial conjecture.


title: Shock breakout theory

abstract:
  The earliest supernova (SN) emission is produced when the optical depth of
the plasma lying ahead of the shock, which ejects the envelope, drops below
c/v, where v is the shock velocity. This "breakout" may occur when the shock
reaches the edge of the star, producing a bright X-ray/UV flash on time scales
of seconds to a fraction of an hour, followed by UV/optical "cooling" emission
from the expanding cooling envelope on a day time-scale. If the optical depth
of circumstellar material (CSM) ejected from the progenitor star prior to the
explosion is larger than c/v, the breakout will take place at larger radii,
within the CSM, extending its duration to days time scale. The properties of
the early, breakout and cooling, emission carry unique signatures of the
structure of the progenitor star (e.g. its radius and surface composition) and
of its mass-loss history. The recent progress of wide-field transient surveys
enable SN detections on a day time scale, and are being used to set unique
constraints on the progenitors of SNe of all types. This chapter includes a
pedagogical description of SN breakout theory, and a concise overview of what
we have learned from observations so far, and of advances in observational
capabilities that are required in order to make further significant progress.


title: Essential Constraints of Edge-Constrained Proximity Graphs

abstract:
  Given a plane forest $F = (V, E)$ of $|V| = n$ points, we find the minimum
set $S \subseteq E$ of edges such that the edge-constrained minimum spanning
tree over the set $V$ of vertices and the set $S$ of constraints contains $F$.
We present an $O(n \log n )$-time algorithm that solves this problem. We
generalize this to other proximity graphs in the constraint setting, such as
the relative neighbourhood graph, Gabriel graph, $\beta$-skeleton and Delaunay
triangulation. We present an algorithm that identifies the minimum set
$S\subseteq E$ of edges of a given plane graph $I=(V,E)$ such that $I \subseteq
CG_\beta(V, S)$ for $1 \leq \beta \leq 2$, where $CG_\beta(V, S)$ is the
constraint $\beta$-skeleton over the set $V$ of vertices and the set $S$ of
constraints. The running time of our algorithm is $O(n)$, provided that the
constrained Delaunay triangulation of $I$ is given.


title:
Shell model studies of competing mechanisms to the neutrinoless
  double-beta decay in $^{124}$Sn, $^{130}$Te, and $^{136}$Xe

abstract:
  Neutrinoless double-beta decay is a predicted beyond Standard Model process
that could clarify some of the not yet known neutrino properties, such as the
mass scale, the mass hierarchy, and its nature as a Dirac or Majorana fermion.
Should this transition be observed, there are still challenges in understanding
the underlying contributing mechanisms. We perform a detailed shell model
investigation of several beyond Standard Model mechanisms that consider the
existence of right-handed currents. Our analysis presents different venues that
can be used to identify the dominant mechanisms for nuclei of experimental
interest in the mass A$\sim$130 region ($^{124}$Sn, $^{130}$Te, and
$^{136}$Xe). It requires an accurate knowledge of nine nuclear matrix elements
that we calculate, in addition to the associated energy dependent phase-space
factors.


title: Conditionally generating a mesoscopic superposition of N00N states

abstract:
  We study the generation of superpositions of N00N states by overlapping
few-photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum states and coherent states on a 50/50
beam splitter. Assuming parameters that are feasible with current technology
results in output states with mean photon numbers of several tens. We show that
the generated quantum states violate local realism even in the presence of
considerable loss. The occurrence of strong quantum correlations for mesoscopic
quantum states of light is particularly beneficial for coupling light and
matter quantum systems.


title: Quasi-exact solvability of spiked harmonic oscillators

abstract:
  Asymptotically quadratic potentials $V_{(d]}(x)=d^2-2d\,|x|+x^2$ are
considered as an elementary one-dimensional interaction model exhibiting a
single-well shape at negative $d=-\mu<0$ and a double-well shape at positive
$d=\nu>0$. The existence of terminating, polynomial {\it alias\,} quasi-exact
bound states is revealed and discussed. All of the $N-$plets of these states
are constructed in closed form.


title: Resolving Schrodinger's cat

abstract:
  Schrodinger's famous cat has long been misunderstood. According to quantum
theory and experiments with entangled systems, an entangled state such as the
Schrodinger's cat state is neither a superposition of states of either
subsystem nor a superposition of compound states of the composite system, but
rather a nonlocal superposition of correlations between pairs of states of the
two subsystems. The entangled post-measurement state that results from an ideal
measurement is not paradoxical, but is merely a coherent superposition of two
statistical correlations at "zero phase angle," i.e. at 100% positive
correlation. Thus the state of the radioactive nucleus and Schrodinger's cat is
as follows: an undecayed nucleus is 100% positively correlated with an alive
cat, and (i.e. superposed with) a decayed nucleus is 100% positively correlated
with a dead cat. The superposition consists merely in the fact that both
correlations are simultaneously true. Despite many published statements to the
contrary, this superposition is not paradoxical. It is in fact what one expects
intuitively.


title: Trip-Based Public Transit Routing Using Condensed Search Trees

abstract:
  We study the problem of planning Pareto-optimal journeys in public transit
networks. Most existing algorithms and speed-up techniques work by computing
subjourneys to intermediary stops until the destination is reached. In
contrast, the trip-based model focuses on trips and transfers between them,
constructing journeys as a sequence of trips. In this paper, we develop a
speed-up technique for this model inspired by principles behind existing
state-of-the-art speed-up techniques, Transfer Pattern and Hub Labelling. The
resulting algorithm allows us to compute Pareto-optimal (with respect to
arrival time and number of transfers) 24-hour profiles on very large real-world
networks in less than half a millisecond. Compared to the current state of the
art for bicriteria queries on public transit networks, this is up to two orders
of magnitude faster, while increasing preprocessing overhead by at most one
order of magnitude.


title: Inverse participation ratios in the XXZ spin chain

abstract:
  We investigate numerically the inverse participation ratios in a spin-1/2 XXZ
chain, computed in the "Ising" basis (i.e., eigenstates of $\sigma^z_i$). We
consider in particular a quantity $T$, defined by summing the inverse
participation ratios of all the eigenstates in the zero magnetization sector of
a finite chain of length $N$, with open boundary conditions. From a dynamical
point of view, $T$ is proportional to the stationary return probability to an
initial basis state, averaged over all the basis states (initial conditions).
We find that $T$ exhibits an exponential growth, $T\sim\exp(aN)$, in the gapped
phase of the model and a linear scaling, $T\sim N$, in the gapless phase. These
two different behaviors are analyzed in terms of the distribution of the
participation ratios of individual eigenstates. We also investigate the effect
of next-nearest-neighbor interactions, which break the integrability of the
model. Although the massive phase of the non-integrable model also has
$T\sim\exp(aN)$, in the gapless phase $T$ appears to saturate to a constant
value.


title:
Design, R&D and status of the crystal calorimeter for the Mu2e
  experiment

abstract:
  The Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab will search for coherent, neutrinoless
conversion of muons into electrons in the field of a nucleus, with a
sensitivity improvement of a factor of 10^4 over previous experiments. Such a
charged lepton flavor-violating reaction probes new physics at a scale
inaccessible with direct searches at either present or planned high energy
colliders. The conversion electron is mono-energetic with an energy slightly
below the muon rest mass. If no events are observed in three years of running,
Mu2e will set a limit on the ratio between the conversion rate and the capture
rate, R_{\mu e}, of < 6 x 10^{-17} (@ 90% CL). In this paper, the physics
motivation for Mu2e and the current status of the electromagnetic calorimeter
project are briefly presented.


title: A Resource Theory for Work and Heat

abstract:
  Several recent results on thermodynamics have been obtained using the tools
of quantum information theory and resource theories. So far, the resource
theories utilised to describe thermodynamics have assumed the existence of an
infinite thermal reservoir, by declaring that thermal states at some background
temperature come for free. Here, we propose a resource theory of quantum
thermodynamics without a background temperature, so that no states at all come
for free. We apply this resource theory to the case of many non-interacting
systems, and show that all quantum states are classified by their entropy and
average energy, even arbitrarily far away from equilibrium. This implies that
thermodynamics takes place in a two-dimensional convex set that we call the
energy-entropy diagram. The answers to many resource-theoretic questions about
thermodynamics can be read off from this diagram, such as the efficiency of a
heat engine consisting of finite reservoirs, or the rate of conversion between
two states. This allows us to consider a resource theory which puts work and
heat on an equal footing, and serves as a model for other resource theories.

categories: quant-ph cond-mat.stat-mech cs.IT math.IT


title: Obstructions to the Hasse principle in families

abstract:
  For a family of varieties over a number field, we give conditions under which
100% of members have no Brauer-Manin obstruction to the Hasse principle.


title:
Cool Subdwarf Investigations III: Dynamical Masses of Low Metallicity
  Subdwarfs

abstract:
  We report dynamical mass measurements for the components of the previously
known double-lined spectroscopic subdwarfs G 006-026 B and C using the Fine
Guidance Sensors (FGS) on the Hubble Space Telescope. To build the empirical
mass-luminosity relation for low metallicity subdwarfs, we collect four other
subdwarf systems with dynamical masses that we compare to theoretical models
for various metallicities on the mass-luminosity relation. For most stars, they
fall in the regions where the models predict to be low metallicity. This effort
highlights the scarcity of dynamical masses for subdwarfs and that much work
remains to be done to improve the mass errors and metallicity measurements of
low mass subdwarfs in our Galaxy.


title:
Fast Inverse Nonlinear Fourier Transforms for Continuous Spectra of
  Zakharov-Shabat Type

abstract:
  The nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NSE) is well-known to model an ideal
fiber-optic communication channel. Even though the NSE is a nonlinear evolution
equation, it can be solved analytically using a nonlinear Fourier transform
(NFT). Recently, there has been much interest in transceiver concepts that
utilize this NFT and its inverse to (de-)modulate data. Fast algorithms for the
(inverse) NFT are a key requirement for the simulation and real-time
implementation of fiber-optic communication systems based on NFTs. While much
progress has already been made for accelerating the forward NFT, less is known
on its inverse. The nonlinear Fourier spectrum comprises a continuous and a
discrete part in general, but so far only fast inverse NFTs for signals whose
continuous spectrum is null have been reported in the literature. In this
paper, we investigate the complementary case and propose the first fast inverse
NFT for signals whose discrete spectrum is empty. This is the case required by
transmitters in the recently proposed nonlinear inverse synthesis scheme, but
the problem also occurs in different application areas such as fiber Bragg
grating design. Our algorithms require only $\mathcal{O}(D\log^{2}D)$ floating
point operations to generate $D$ samples of the desired signal, which is almost
an order of magnitude faster than the current state of the art,
$\mathcal{O}(D^{2})$. This paper also quantifies, apparently for the first
time, the impact that truncating a signal in the time-domain has on the NFT.


title:
Speed dependent stochasticity capacitates Newell model for synchronized
  flow and oscillation growth pattern

abstract:
  This paper has incorporated the stochasticity into the Newell car following
model. Three stochastic driving factors have been considered: (i) Driver's
acceleration is bounded. (ii) Driver's deceleration includes stochastic
component, which is depicted by a deceleration with the randomization
probability that is assumed to increase with the speed. (iii) Vehicles in the
jam state have a larger randomization probability. Two simulation scenarios are
conducted to test the model. In the first scenario, traffic flow on a circular
road is investigated. In the second scenario, empirical traffic flow patterns
in the NGSIM data induced by a rubberneck bottleneck is studied, and the
simulated traffic oscillations and synchronized traffic flow are consistent
with the empirical patterns. Moreover, two experiments of model calibration and
validation are conducted. The first is to calibrate and validate using
experimental data, which illustrates that the concave growth pattern has been
quantitatively simulated. The second is to calibrate and cross validate
vehicles' trajectories using NGSIM data, which exhibits that the car following
behaviors of single vehicles can be well described. Therefore, our study
highlights the importance of speed dependent stochasticity in traffic flow
modeling, which cannot be ignored as in most car-following studies.


title: Magnetic moment of inertia within the breathing model

abstract:
  An essential property of magnetic devices is the relaxation rate in magnetic
switching which strongly depends on the energy dissipation and magnetic inertia
of the magnetization dynamics. Both parameters are commonly taken as a
phenomenological entities. However very recently, a large effort has been
dedicated to obtain Gilbert damping from first principles. In contrast, there
is no ab initio study that so far has reproduced measured data of magnetic
inertia in magnetic materials. In this letter, we present and elaborate on a
theoretical model for calculating the magnetic moment of inertia based on the
torque-torque correlation model. Particularly, the method has been applied to
bulk bcc Fe, fcc Co and fcc Ni in the framework of the tight-binding
approximation and the numerical values are comparable with recent experimental
measurements. The theoretical results elucidate the physical origin of the
moment of inertia based on the electronic structure. Even though the moment of
inertia and damping are produced by the spin-orbit coupling, our analysis shows
that they are caused by undergo different electronic structure mechanisms.


title:
A variational approach to solitary gravity-capillary interfacial waves
  with infinite depth

abstract:
  We present an existence and stability theory for gravity-capillary solitary
waves on the top surface of and interface between two perfect fluids of
different densities, the lower one being of infinite depth. Exploiting a
classical variational principle, we prove the existence of a minimiser of the
wave energy $\mathcal{E}$ subject to the constraint $\mathcal{I}=2\mu$, where
$\mathcal{I}$ is the wave momentum and $0< \mu < \mu_0$, where $\mu_0$ is
chosen small enough for the validity of our calculations. Since $\mathcal{E}$
and $\mathcal{I}$ are both conserved quantities a standard argument asserts the
stability of the set $D_\mu$ of minimisers: solutions starting near $D_\mu$
remain close to $D_\mu$ in a suitably defined energy space over their interval
of existence. The solitary waves which we construct are of small amplitude and
are to leading order described by the cubic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation.
They exist in a parameter region in which the `slow' branch of the dispersion
relation has a strict non-degenerate global minimum and the corresponding
nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation is of focussing type. We show that the waves
detected by our variational method converge (after an appropriate rescaling) to
solutions of the model equation as $\mu \downarrow 0$.


title:
Imperfect synchronized states and chimera states in two interacting
  populations of nonlocally coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators

abstract:
  We investigate the emergence of different kinds of imperfect synchronized
states and chimera states in two interacting populations of nonlocally coupled
Stuart-Landau oscillators. We find that the complete synchronization in
population-I and existence of solitary oscillators which escape from the
synchronized group in population-II lead to imperfect synchronized states for
sufficiently small values of nonisochronicity parameter. Interestingly, on
increasing the strength of this parameter further there occurs an onset of
mixed imperfect synchronized states where the solitary oscillators occur from
both the populations. Synchronized oscillators from both the populations are
locked to a common average frequency. In both the cases of imperfect
synchronized states synchronized oscillators exhibit periodic motion while the
solitary oscillators are quasi-periodic in nature. In this region, for
spatially prepared initial conditions, we can observe the mixed chimera states
where the coexistence of synchronized and desynchronized oscillations occur
from both the populations. On the other hand, imperfect synchronized states are
not always stable, and they can drift aperiodically due to instability caused
by an increase of nonisochronicity parameter. We observe that these states are
robust to the introduction of frequency mismatch between the two populations.


title:
Gravitational properties of light - The emission of counter-propagating
  laser pulses from an atom

abstract:
  The gravitational field of a laser pulse, although not detectable at the
moment, comes with a peculiar feature which continues to attract attention;
cause and effect propagate with the same speed, that of light. A particular
result of this feature is that the gravitational field of an emitted laser
pulse and the gravitational effect of the emitter's energy-momentum change are
intimately entangled. In this article, a specific example of an emission
process is considered - an atom, modeled as a point mass, emits two
counter-propagating pulses. The corresponding curvature and the effect on
massive and massless test particles is discussed. A comparison is made with the
metric corresponding to a spherically symmetric massive object that
isotropically emits radiation - the Vaidya metric.


title:
Eulerian polynomials, perfect matchings and Stirling permutations of the
  second kind

abstract:
  In this paper, we first present combinatorial proofs of a kind of expansions
of the Eulerian polynomials of types A and B, and then we introduce Stirling
permutations of the second kind. In particular, we count Stirling permutations
of the second kind by their cycle ascent plateaus, fixed points and cycles.


title:
Mixtures of Bivariate von Mises Distributions with Applications to
  Modelling of Protein Dihedral Angles

abstract:
  The modelling of empirically observed data is commonly done using mixtures of
probability distributions. In order to model angular data, directional
probability distributions such as the bivariate von Mises (BVM) is typically
used. The critical task involved in mixture modelling is to determine the
optimal number of component probability distributions. We employ the Bayesian
information-theoretic principle of minimum message length (MML) to distinguish
mixture models by balancing the trade-off between the model's complexity and
its goodness-of-fit to the data. We consider the problem of modelling angular
data resulting from the spatial arrangement of protein structures using BVM
distributions. The main contributions of the paper include the development of
the mixture modelling apparatus along with the MML estimation of the parameters
of the BVM distribution. We demonstrate that statistical inference using the
MML framework supersedes the traditional methods and offers a mechanism to
objectively determine models that are of practical significance.


title: Scenario-based decision-making for power systems investment planning

abstract:
  The optimization of power systems involves complex uncertainties, such as
technological progress, political context, geopolitical constraints.
Negotiations at COP21 are complicated by the huge number of scenarios that
various people want to consider; these scenarios correspond to many
uncertainties. These uncertainties are difficult to modelize as probabilities,
due to the lack of data for future technologies and due to partially
adversarial geopolitical decision makers. Tools for such difficult decision
making problems include Wald and Savage criteria, possibilistic reasoning and
Nash equilibria. We investigate the rationale behind the use of a two-player
Nash equilibrium approach in such a difficult context; we show that the
computational cost is indeed smaller than for simpler criteria. Moreover, it
naturally provides a selection of decisions and scenarios, and it has a natural
interpretation in the sense that Nature does not make decisions taking into
account our own decisions. The algorithm naturally provides a matrix of
results, namely the matrix of outcomes in the most interesting decisions and
for the most critical scenarios. These decisions and scenarios are also
equipped with a ranking.


title: Gravitational waves from oscillons after inflation

abstract:
  We investigate the production of gravitational waves during preheating after
inflation in the common case of field potentials that are asymmetric around the
minimum. In particular, we study the impact of oscillons, comparatively long
lived and spatially localized regions where a scalar field (e.g. the inflaton)
oscillates with large amplitude. Contrary to a previous study, which considered
a symmetric potential, we find that oscillons in asymmetric potentials
associated with a phase transition can generate a pronounced peak in the
spectrum of gravitational waves, that largely exceeds the linear preheating
spectrum. We discuss the possible implications of this enhanced amplitude of
gravitational waves. For instance, for low scale inflation models, the
contribution from the oscillons can strongly enhance the observation prospects
at current and future gravitational wave detectors.


title:
Magnetic Monopoles from Global Monopoles in the presence of Kalb-Ramond
  Torsion

abstract:
  Possible classical solutions for electromagnetic monopoles induced by
gravitational (global) monopoles in the presence of torsion are found. Such
solutions rely on a non-zero (Kalb-Ramond) torsion strength, which may
characterise low energy theories inspired from string models. Bounds from the
current run of the LHC experiments are used to constrain the parameters of the
model, but because the production mechanism depends on the details of the model
and its ultraviolet completion, such bounds are presently only indicative.


title: Remarks on a Gauge Theory for Continuous Spin Particles

abstract:
  We discuss in a systematic way the gauge theory for a continuous spin
particle proposed by Schuster and Toro. We show that it is naturally formulated
in a cotangent bundle over Minkowski spacetime where the gauge field depends on
the spacetime coordinate ${x^\mu}$ and on a covector $\eta_\mu$. We discuss how
fields can be expanded in $\eta_\mu$ in different ways and how these expansions
are related to each other. The field equation has a derivative of a Dirac delta
function with support on the $\eta$-hyperboloid $\eta^2+1=0$ and we show how it
restricts the dynamics of the gauge field to the $\eta$-hyperboloid. We then
show that on-shell the field carries one single irreducible unitary
representation of the Poincar\'e group for a continuous spin particle. We also
show how the field can be used to build a set of covariant equations found by
Wigner describing the wave function of one-particle states for a continuous
spin particle. Finally we show that it is not possible to couple minimally a
continuous spin particle to a background abelian gauge field, and make some
comments about the coupling to gravity.


title:
Dynamic optimization and its relation to classical and quantum
  constrained systems

abstract:
  We study the structure of a simple dynamic optimization problem consisting of
one state and one control variable, from a physicist's point of view. By using
an analogy to a physical model, we study this system in the classical and
quantum frameworks. Classically, the dynamic optimization problem is equivalent
to a classical mechanics constrained system, so we must use the Dirac method to
analyze it in a correct way. We find that there are two second-class
constraints in the model: one fix the momenta associated with the control
variables, and the other is a reminder of the optimal control law. The dynamic
evolution of this constrained system is given by the Dirac's bracket of the
canonical variables with the Hamiltonian. This dynamic results to be identical
to the unconstrained one given by the Pontryagin equations, which are the
correct classical equations of motion for our physical optimization problem. In
the same Pontryagin scheme, by imposing a closed-loop $\lambda$-strategy, the
optimality condition for the action gives a consistency relation, which is
associated to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation of the dynamic programming
method. A similar result is achieved by quantizing the classical model. By
setting the wave function $\Psi(x,t) = e^{iS(x,t)}$ in the quantum
Schr\"odinger equation, a non-linear partial equation is obtained for the $S$
function. For the right-hand side quantization, this is the
Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, when $S(x,t)$ is identified with the optimal
value function. Thus, the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation in Bellman's maximum
principle, can be interpreted as the quantum approach of the optimization
problem.


title: Naturalness from a Composite Top?

abstract:
  We consider a theory with composite top quarks but an elementary Higgs boson.
The hierarchy problem can be solved by supplementing TeV scale top
compositeness with either supersymmetry or Higgs compositeness appearing at the
multi-TeV scale. The Higgs boson couples to uncolored partons within the top
quark. We study how this approach can give rise to a novel screening effect
that suppresses production of the colored top partners at the LHC. Strong
constraints arise from Z to bb, as well potentially from flavor physics.
Independent of flavor considerations, current constraints imply a compositeness
scale near a TeV; this implies that the model is likely tuned at the percent
level. Four top quark production at the LHC is a smoking-gun probe of this
scenario. New CP violation in D meson mixing is also possible.


title:
A global description of the fine Simpson moduli space of 1-dimensional
  sheaves supported on plane quartics

abstract:
  A global description of the fine Simpson moduli spaces of $1$-dimensional
sheaves supported on plane quartics is given: we describe the gluing of the
Brill-Noether loci described by Dr\'ezet and Maican and show that the Simpson
moduli space $M=M_{4m\pm 1}(\mathbb P_2)$ is a blow-down of a blow-up of a
projective bundle over a smooth moduli space of Kronecker modules. An easy
computation of the Poincar\'e polynomial of $M$ is presented.


title: Prospects for charged Higgs searches at the LHC

abstract:
  The goal of this report is to summarize the current situation and discuss
possible search strategies for charged scalars, in non-supersymmetric
extensions of the Standard Model at the LHC. Such scalars appear in
Multi-Higgs-Doublet models (MHDM), in particular in the popular
Two-Higgs-Doublet model (2HDM), allowing for charged and additional neutral
Higgs bosons. These models have the attractive property that electroweak
precision observables are automatically in agreement with the Standard Model at
the tree level. For the most popular version of this framework, Model~II, a
discovery of a charged Higgs boson remains challenging, since the parameter
space is becoming very constrained, and the QCD background is very high. We
also briefly comment on models with dark matter which constrain the
corresponding charged scalars that occur in these models. The stakes of a
possible discovery of an extended scalar sector are very high, and these
searches should be pursued in all conceivable channels, at the LHC and at
future colliders.


title: The life and work of Major Percy Alexander MacMahon

abstract:
  My thesis describes the life and work of the mathematician Major Percy
Alexander MacMahon (1854-1929). His early life as as a soldier in the Royal
Artillery and the events which led to him embarking on a career in mathematical
research and teaching are dealt with in the first two chapters. Succeeding
chapters explain the work in invariant theory and partition theory which
brought him to the attention of the British mathematical community and
eventually resulted in a Fellowship of the Royal Society, the presidency of the
London Mathematical Society, and the award of three prestigious mathematical
medals and four honorary doctorates. The development and importance of his
recreational mathematical work is traced and discussed. MacMahon's career in
the Civil Service as Deputy Warden of the Standards at the Board of Trade is
also described. Throughout the thesis, his involvement with the British
Association for the Advancement of Science and other scientific organisations
is highlighted. The thesis also examines possible reasons why MacMahon's work,
held in very high regard at the time, did not lead to the lasting fame accorded
to some of his contemporaries. Details of his personal and social life are
included to give a picture of MacMahon as a real person working hard to succeed
in a difficult context.


title:
Imaging electron dynamics with time- and angle-resolved photoelectron
  spectroscopy

abstract:
  We theoretically study how time- and angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy can be applied for imaging coherent electron dynamics in
molecules. We consider a process in which a pump pulse triggers coherent
electronic dynamics in a molecule by creating a valence electron hole. An
ultrashort extreme ultraviolet (XUV) probe pulse creates a second electron hole
in the molecule. Information about the electron dynamics is accessed by
analyzing angular distributions of photoemission probabilities at a fixed
photoelectron energy. We demonstrate that a rigorous theoretical analysis,
which takes into account the indistinguishability of transitions induced by the
ultrashort, broadband probe pulse and electron hole correlation effects, is
necessary for the interpretation of time- and angle-resolved photoelectron
spectra. We show how a Fourier analysis of time- and angle-resolved
photoelectron spectra from a molecule can be applied to follow its electron
dynamics by considering photoelectron distributions from an indole molecular
cation with coherent electron dynamics.


title:
A high-order semi-explicit discontinuous Galerkin solver for 3D
  incompressible flow with application to DNS and LES of turbulent channel flow

abstract:
  We present an efficient discontinuous Galerkin scheme for simulation of the
incompressible Navier-Stokes equations including laminar and turbulent flow. We
consider a semi-explicit high-order velocity-correction method for time
integration as well as nodal equal-order discretizations for velocity and
pressure. The non-linear convective term is treated explicitly while a linear
system is solved for the pressure Poisson equation and the viscous term. The
key feature of our solver is a consistent penalty term reducing the local
divergence error in order to overcome recently reported instabilities in
spatially under-resolved high-Reynolds-number flows as well as small time
steps. This penalty method is similar to the grad-div stabilization widely used
in continuous finite elements. We further review and compare our method to
several other techniques recently proposed in literature to stabilize the
method for such flow configurations. The solver is specifically designed for
large-scale computations through matrix-free linear solvers including efficient
preconditioning strategies and tensor-product elements, which have allowed us
to scale this code up to 34.4 billion degrees of freedom and 147,456 CPU cores.
We validate our code and demonstrate optimal convergence rates with laminar
flows present in a vortex problem and flow past a cylinder and show
applicability of our solver to direct numerical simulation as well as implicit
large-eddy simulation of turbulent channel flow at $Re_{\tau}=180$ as well as
$590$.

categories: math.NA physics.ao-ph physics.comp-ph physics.flu-dyn


title: Birational geometry of the moduli space of quartic K3 surfaces

abstract:
  By work of Looijenga and others, one has a good understanding of the
relationship between GIT and Baily-Borel compactifications for the moduli
spaces of degree 2 K3 surfaces, cubic fourfolds, and a few other related
examples. The similar-looking cases of degree 4 K3 surfaces and double EPW
sextics turn out to be much more complicated for arithmetic reasons. In this
paper, we refine work of Looijenga to allow us to handle these cases.
Specifically, in analogy with the so-called Hassett-Keel program for the moduli
space of curves, we study the variation of log canonical models for locally
symmetric varieties of Type IV associated to D lattices. In particular, for the
dimension 19 case, we conjecturally obtain a continuous one-parameter
interpolation (via a directed MMP) between the GIT and Baily-Borel
compactifications for the moduli of degree 4 K3 surfaces. The predictions for
the similar 18 dimensional case, corresponding geometrically to hyperelliptic
degree 4 K3 surfaces, can be verified by means of VGIT -- this will be
discussed elsewhere.


title: Controlling Rydberg atom excitations in dense background gases

abstract:
  We discuss the density shift and broadening of Rydberg spectra measured in
cold, dense atom clouds in the context of Rydberg atom spectroscopy done at
room temperature, dating back to the experiments of Amaldi and Segr\`e in 1934.
We discuss the theory first developed in 1934 by Fermi to model the mean-field
density shift and subsequent developments of the theoretical understanding
since then. In particular, we present a model whereby the density shift is
calculated using a microscopic model in which the configurations of the
perturber atoms within the Rydberg orbit are considered. We present
spectroscopic measurements of a Rydberg atom, taken in a Bose-Einstein
condensate (BEC) and thermal clouds with densities varying from
$5\times10^{14}\textrm{cm}^{-3}$ to $9\times10^{12}\textrm{cm}^{-3}$. The
density shift measured via the spectrum's center of gravity is compared with
the mean-field energy shift expected for the effective atom cloud density
determined via a time of flight image. Lastly, we present calculations and data
demonstrating the ability of localizing the Rydberg excitation via the density
shift within a particular density shell for high principal quantum numbers.


title: Has the QCD critical point been observed at RHIC?

abstract:
  The experimental search for the location of the QCD critical point in the
phase diagram is of primary importance. In a recent publication it is claimed
that measurements at RHIC lead not only to the location of the critical point
($\mu_{cep}=95$ MeV, $T_{cep}=165$ MeV) but also to the verification of its
universality class ($3d$ Ising system) by extracting the values of the critical
exponents ($\gamma=1.2$, $\nu=0.66$). We argue that this claim is based on an
erroneous treatment of scaling relations near the critical point. As a result,
the correct interpretation of the measurements cannot be linked to the QCD
critical point.


title: Feature Selection Library (MATLAB Toolbox)

abstract:
  Feature Selection Library (FSLib) is a widely applicable MATLAB library for
Feature Selection (FS). FS is an essential component of machine learning and
data mining which has been studied for many years under many different
conditions and in diverse scenarios. These algorithms aim at ranking and
selecting a subset of relevant features according to their degrees of
relevance, preference, or importance as defined in a specific application.
Because feature selection can reduce the amount of features used for training
classification models, it alleviates the effect of the curse of dimensionality,
speeds up the learning process, improves model's performance, and enhances data
understanding. This short report provides an overview of the feature selection
algorithms included in the FSLib MATLAB toolbox among filter, embedded, and
wrappers methods.


title:
Realizing and detecting a topological insulator in the AIII symmetry
  class

abstract:
  Topological insulators in the AIII symmetry class lack experimental
realization. Moreover, fractionalization in one-dimensional topological
insulators has not been yet directly observed. Our work might open
possibilities for both challenges. We propose a one-dimensional model realizing
the AIII symmetry class which can be realized in current experiments with
ultracold atomic gases. We further report on a distinctive property of
topological edge modes in the AIII class: in contrast to those in the well
studied BDI class, they have non-zero momentum. Exploiting this feature we
propose a path for the detection of fractionalization. A fermion added to an
AIII system splits into two halves localized at opposite momenta, which can be
detected by imaging the momentum distribution.


title: Plasma sloshing in pulse-heated solar and stellar coronal loops

abstract:
  There is evidence that coronal heating is highly intermittent, and flares are
the high energy extreme. The properties of the heat pulses are difficult to
constrain. Here hydrodynamic loop modeling shows that several large amplitude
oscillations (~ 20% in density) are triggered in flare light curves if the
duration of the heat pulse is shorter that the sound crossing time of the
flaring loop. The reason is that the plasma has not enough time to reach
pressure equilibrium during the heating and traveling pressure fronts develop.
The period is a few minutes for typical solar coronal loops, dictated by the
sound crossing time in the decay phase. The long period and large amplitude
make these oscillations different from typical MHD waves. This diagnostic can
be applied both to observations of solar and stellar flares and to future
observations of non-flaring loops at high resolution.


title:
Randomly Generated Subgroups of the Symmetric Group and Random Lifts of
  Graphs

abstract:
  Amit and Linial showed that a random lift of a graph with minimum degree
$\delta\ge3$ is asymptotically almost surely $\delta$-connected, and mentioned
the problem of estimating this probability as a function of the degree of the
lift. We relate a randomly generated subgroup of the symmetric group on $n$
elements to random $n$-lifts of a graph and use it to provide such an estimate
along with related results. We also improve their later result showing a lower
bound on the edge expansion on random lifts. Our proofs rely on new ideas from
group theory which make several improvements possible. We exactly calculate the
probability that a random lift of a connected graph with first Betti number $l$
is connected by showing that it is equal to the probability that a subgroup of
the symmetric group generated by $l$ random elements is transitive. We also
calculate the probability that a subgroup of a wreath product of symmetric
groups generated by $l$ random generators is transitive. We show the existence
of homotopy invariants in random covering graphs which reduces some of their
properties to those of random regular multigraphs, and in particular makes it
possible to compute the exact probability with which random regular multigraphs
are connected. All our results about random lifts easily extend to iterated
random lifts.