title: Monolayers of hard rods on planar substrates: I. Equilibrium

abstract:
  The equilibrium properties of hard rod monolayers are investigated in a
lattice model (where position and orientation of a rod are restricted to
discrete values) as well as in an off--lattice model featuring spherocylinders
with continuous positional and orientational degrees of freedom. Both models
are treated using density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulations. Upon
increasing the density of rods in the monolayer, there is a continuous ordering
of the rods along the monolayer normal ("standing up" transition). The
continuous transition also persists in the case of an external potential which
favors flat--lying rods in the monolayer. This behavior is found in both the
lattice and the continuum model. For the lattice model, we find very good
agreement between the results from the specific DFT used (lattice fundamental
measure theory) and simulations. The properties of lattice fundamental measure
theory are further illustrated by the phase diagrams of bulk hard rods in two
and three dimensions.


title:
Are there reliable methods to estimate the nuclear orientation of
  Seyfert galaxies?

abstract:
  Orientation, together with accretion and evolution, is one of the three main
drivers in the Grand Unification of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). Being
unresolved, determining the true inclination of those powerful sources is
always difficult and indirect, yet it remains a vital clue to apprehend the
numerous, panchromatic and complex spectroscopic features we detect. There are
only a hundred inclinations derived so far; in this context, can we be sure
that we measure the true orientation of AGN? To answer this question, four
methods to estimate the nuclear inclination of AGN are investigated and
compared to inclination-dependent observables (hydrogen column density, Balmer
linewidth, optical polarization, and flux ratios within the IR and relative to
X-rays). Among these orientation indicators, the method developed by Fisher,
Crenshaw, Kraemer et al., mapping and modeling the radial velocities of the [O
iii] emission region in AGN, is the most successful. The [O iii]-mapping
technique shows highly statistically significant correlations at >95%
confidence level for rejecting null hypothesis for all the test cases. Such
results confirm that the Unified Model is correct at a scale ranging from
kiloparsec to a fraction of a parsec. However, at a radial distance less than
0.01 pc from the central black hole, warps and misalignments may change this
picture.


title:
Analysis of Algorithms for Permutations Biased by Their Number of
  Records

abstract:
  The topic of the article is the parametric study of the complexity of
algorithms on arrays of pairwise distinct integers. We introduce a model that
takes into account the non-uniformness of data, which we call the Ewens-like
distribution of parameter $\theta$ for records on permutations: the weight
$\theta^r$ of a permutation depends on its number $r$ of records. We show that
this model is meaningful for the notion of presortedness, while still being
mathematically tractable. Our results describe the expected value of several
classical permutation statistics in this model, and give the expected running
time of three algorithms: the Insertion Sort, and two variants of the Min-Max
search.


title: Status of the Mu3e Experiment at PSI

abstract:
  The Mu3e experiment aims to search for the lepton-flavour violating decay
$\mu^+\rightarrow\ \text{e}^+ \text{e}^+ \text{e}^-$ with a sensitivity to one
signal decay in $10^{16}$ muon decays at a muon stopping rate of $2\times 10^9
\frac{\mu}{\text{s}}$. With currently available rates of $10^8
\frac{\mu}{\text{s}}$, a sensitivity on the branching ratio of $10^{-15}$ is
the aim of the first phase. This will allow for tests of new physics models
with enhanced branching ratios for lepton-flavour violating processes with an
unprecedented precision. The experiment must be operated at very high muon
rates all the while suppressing the background of the decay $\mu^+\rightarrow\
\text{e}^+ \text{e}^- \text{e}^+ \overline{\nu}_\mu \nu_\text{e}$ and
accidental electron-positron combinations. Therefore, a tracking detector made
of thin pixel sensors with additional scintillating fibres and tiles for
precise time measurement will be built. The development of the subdetectors is
ongoing while detector construction is still in preparation.


title:
Maximal subgroups and irreducible representations of generalised
  multi-edge spinal groups

abstract:
  Let $p\ge 3$ be a prime. A generalised multi-edge spinal group is a subgroup
of the automorphism group of a regular $p$-adic rooted tree T that is generated
by one rooted automorphism and $p$ families of directed automorphisms, each
family sharing a common directed path disjoint from the paths of the other
families.
  This notion generalises the concepts of multi-edge spinal groups, including
the widely studied GGS-groups, and the extended Gupta-Sidki groups that were
introduced by Pervova. Extending techniques that were developed in these more
special cases, we prove: generalised multi-edge spinal groups that are torsion
have no maximal subgroups of infinite index. Furthermore we use tree enveloping
algebras, which were introduced by Sidki and Bartholdi, to show that certain
generalised multi-edge spinal groups admit faithful infinite dimensional
irreducible representations over the prime field $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$.


title: Superdiffusive dispersals impart the geometry of underlying random walks

abstract:
  It is recognised now that a variety of real-life phenomena ranging from
diffuson of cold atoms to motion of humans exhibit dispersal faster than normal
diffusion. L\'evy walks is a model that excelled in describing such
superdiffusive behaviors albeit in one dimension. Here we show that, in
contrast to standard random walks, the microscopic geometry of planar
superdiffusive L\'evy walks is imprinted in the asymptotic distribution of the
walkers. The geometry of the underlying walk can be inferred from trajectories
of the walkers by calculating the analogue of the Pearson coefficient.


title: High Speed and High Resolution Table-Top Nanoscale Imaging

abstract:
  We present a table-top coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) experiment based on
high-order harmonics generated at 18 nm by a high average power femtosecond
fiber laser system. The high photon flux, narrow spectral bandwidth and high
degree of spatial coherence allow for ultra-high sub-wavelength resolution
imaging at a high numerical aperture. Our experiments demonstrate a half-pitch
resolution of 13.6 nm, very close to the actual Abbe-limit of 12.4 nm, which is
the highest resolution achieved from any table-top XUV or X-ray microscope. In
addition, 20.5 nm resolution was achieved with only 3 sec of integration time
bringing live diffraction imaging and 3D tomography on the nanoscale one step
closer to reality. The current resolution is solely limited by the wavelength
and the detector size. Thus, table-top nanoscopes with only a few-nm
resolutions are in reach and will find applications in many areas of science
and technology.


title:
$Z'$, Higgses and heavy neutrinos in $U(1)'$ models: from the LHC to the
  GUT scale

abstract:
  We study a class of non-exotic minimal $U(1) '$ extensions of the Standard
Model, which includes all scenarios that are anomaly-free with the ordinary
fermion content augmented by one Right-Handed neutrino per generation, wherein
the new Abelian gauge group is spontaneously broken by the non-zero Vacuum
Expectation Value of an additional Higgs singlet field, in turn providing mass
to a $Z'$ state. By adopting the $B-L$ example, whose results can be recast
into those pertaining to the whole aforementioned class, and allowing for both
scalar and gauge mixing, we first extract the surviving parameter space in
presence of up-to-date theoretical and experimental constraints. Over the
corresponding parameter configurations, we then delineate the high energy
behaviour of such constructs in terms of their stability and perturbativity.
Finally, we highlight key production and decay channels of the new states
entering the spectra of this class of models, i.e., heavy neutrinos, a second
Higgs state and the $Z'$, which are amenable to experimental investigation at
the Large Hadron Collider. We therefore set the stage to establish a direct
link between measurements obtainable at the Electro-Weak scale and the dynamics
of the underlying model up to those where a Grand Unification Theory embedding
a $U(1)'$ can be realised.


title: Detecting edges in the X-ray surface brightness of galaxy clusters

abstract:
  The effects of many physical processes in the intracluster medium of galaxy
clusters imprint themselves in X-ray surface brightness images. It is therefore
important to choose optimal methods for extracting information from and
enhancing the interpretability of such images. We describe in detail a gradient
filtering edge detection method that we previously applied to images of the
Centaurus cluster of galaxies. The Gaussian gradient filter measures the
gradient in the surface brightness distribution on particular spatial scales.
We apply this filter on different scales to Chandra X-ray observatory images of
two clusters with AGN feedback, the Perseus cluster and M87, and a merging
system, A3667. By combining filtered images on different scales using radial
filters spectacular images of the edges in a cluster are produced. We describe
how to assess the significance of features in filtered images. We find the
gradient filtering technique to have significant advantages for detecting many
kinds of features compared to other analysis techniques, such as
unsharp-masking. Filtering cluster images in this way in a hard energy band
allows shocks to be detected.


title: Need Polynomial Systems be Doubly-exponential?

abstract:
  Polynomial Systems, or at least their algorithms, have the reputation of
being doubly-exponential in the number of variables [Mayr and Mayer, 1982],
[Davenport and Heintz, 1988]. Nevertheless, the Bezout bound tells us that that
number of zeros of a zero-dimensional system is singly-exponential in the
number of variables. How should this contradiction be reconciled?
  We first note that [Mayr and Ritscher, 2013] shows that the doubly
exponential nature of Gr\"{o}bner bases is with respect to the dimension of the
ideal, not the number of variables. This inspires us to consider what can be
done for Cylindrical Algebraic Decomposition which produces a
doubly-exponential number of polynomials of doubly-exponential degree.
  We review work from ISSAC 2015 which showed the number of polynomials could
be restricted to doubly-exponential in the (complex) dimension using McCallum's
theory of reduced projection in the presence of equational constraints. We then
discuss preliminary results showing the same for the degree of those
polynomials. The results are under primitivity assumptions whose importance we
illustrate.


title:
Enhancement and Inhibition of Spontaneous Photon Emission by Resonant
  Silicon Nanoantennas

abstract:
  Substituting noble metals for high-index dielectrics has recently been
proposed as an alternative strategy in nanophotonics to design broadband
optical resonators and circumvent the ohmic losses of plasmonic materials. In
this report, we demonstrate that subwavelength silicon nanoantennas can
manipulate the photon emission dynamics of fluorescent molecules. In practice,
it is showed that dielectric nanoantennas can both increase and decrease the
local density of optical states (LDOS) at room temperature, a process that is
inaccessible with noble metals at the nanoscale. Using scanning probe
microscopy, we analyze quantitatively, in three dimensions, the near-field
interaction between a 100 nm fluorescent nanosphere and silicon nanoantennas
with diameters ranging between 170 nm and 250 nm. Associated to numerical
simulations, these measurements indicate increased or decreased total
spontaneous decay rates by up to 15 % and a gain in the collection efficiency
of emitted photons by up to 85 %. Our study demonstrates the potential of
silicon-based nanoantennas for the low-loss manipulation of solid-state
emitters at the nanoscale and at room temperature.


title: Recurrent Human Pose Estimation

abstract:
  We propose a novel ConvNet model for predicting 2D human body poses in an
image. The model regresses a heatmap representation for each body keypoint, and
is able to learn and represent both the part appearances and the context of the
part configuration. We make the following three contributions: (i) an
architecture combining a feed forward module with a recurrent module, where the
recurrent module can be run iteratively to improve the performance, (ii) the
model can be trained end-to-end and from scratch, with auxiliary losses
incorporated to improve performance, (iii) we investigate whether keypoint
visibility can also be predicted. The model is evaluated on two benchmark
datasets. The result is a simple architecture that achieves performance on par
with the state of the art, but without the complexity of a graphical model
stage (or layers).


title: Elliptic pfaffians and solvable lattice models

abstract:
  We introduce and study twelve multivariable theta functions defined by
pfaffians with elliptic function entries. We show that, when the crossing
parameter is a cubic root of unity, the domain wall partition function for the
eight-vertex-solid-on-solid model can be written as a sum of two of these
pfaffians. As a limit case, we express the domain wall partition function for
the three-colour model as a sum of two Hankel determinants. We also show that
certain solutions of the TQ-equation for the supersymmetric eight-vertex model
can be expressed in terms of elliptic pfaffians.

categories: math-ph cond-mat.stat-mech math.CA math.MP


title: Grammatical Case Based IS-A Relation Extraction with Boosting for Polish

abstract:
  Pattern-based methods of IS-A relation extraction rely heavily on so called
Hearst patterns. These are ways of expressing instance enumerations of a class
in natural language. While these lexico-syntactic patterns prove quite useful,
they may not capture all taxonomical relations expressed in text. Therefore in
this paper we describe a novel method of IS-A relation extraction from
patterns, which uses morpho-syntactical annotations along with grammatical case
of noun phrases that constitute entities participating in IS-A relation. We
also describe a method for increasing the number of extracted relations that we
call pseudo-subclass boosting which has potential application in any
pattern-based relation extraction method. Experiments were conducted on a
corpus of about 0.5 billion web documents in Polish language.


title: Web Spam Detection Using Multiple Kernels in Twin Support Vector Machine

abstract:
  Search engines are the most important tools for web data acquisition. Web
pages are crawled and indexed by search Engines. Users typically locate useful
web pages by querying a search engine. One of the challenges in search engines
administration is spam pages which waste search engine resources. These pages
by deception of search engine ranking algorithms try to be showed in the first
page of results. There are many approaches to web spam pages detection such as
measurement of HTML code style similarity, pages linguistic pattern analysis
and machine learning algorithm on page content features. One of the famous
algorithms has been used in machine learning approach is Support Vector Machine
(SVM) classifier. Recently basic structure of SVM has been changed by new
extensions to increase robustness and classification accuracy. In this paper we
improved accuracy of web spam detection by using two nonlinear kernels into
Twin SVM (TSVM) as an improved extension of SVM. The classifier ability to data
separation has been increased by using two separated kernels for each class of
data. Effectiveness of new proposed method has been experimented with two
publicly used spam datasets called UK-2007 and UK-2006. Results show the
effectiveness of proposed kernelized version of TSVM in web spam page
detection.


title:
Testing keV sterile neutrino dark matter in future direct detection
  experiments

abstract:
  We determine constraints on sterile neutrino warm dark matter through direct
detection experiments, taking XENON100, XENON1T and DARWIN as examples. If
keV-scale sterile neutrinos scatter inelastically with bound electrons of the
target material, an electron recoil signal is generated. This can be used to
set limits on the sterile neutrino mass and its mixing with the active sector.
While not competitive with astrophysical constraints from X-ray data, the
constraints are the first direct laboratory bounds on sterile neutrino warm
dark matter, and will be in some parts of parameter space the strongest limits
on keV-scale neutrinos.


title:
Heavy pentaquark states $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$ in the $J/\psi$
  production induced by pion beams off the nucleon

abstract:
  In this study, we investigate the $J/\psi$ production induced by pion beams
off the nucleon, particularly the heavy pentaquarks $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$
in intermediate states, based on a hybridized Regge model. The process
involving $\rho$ and $\pi$ meson exchange in the $t$ channel is considered as
background, and the heavy pentaquark exchange is included in the $s$ channel.
The coupling constants such as the $\rho NN$ and $\pi NN$ vertices are taken
from the $NN$ potentials, whereas those for the $J/\psi\rho\pi$ and
$J/\psi\pi\pi$ vertices are determined by using experimental data based on the
branching ratios. In order to estimate the $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$ coupling
constants, we use the experimental upper limit on the total cross section as a
guide for the $\pi N\to J/\psi N$ reaction. The background total cross section
is the order of $10^{-4}-10^{-3}$ nb. In the vicinity of the heavy pentaquark
masses, the total cross section reaches about $1$ nb.


title: Small gaps between the set of products of at most two primes

abstract:
  In this paper, we apply the method of Maynard and Tao to the set of products
of two distinct primes (E2-numbers). We obtain several results on the
distribution of E2-numbers and primes. Among others, the result of Goldston,
Pintz, Yildirim and Graham on small gaps between m consecutive E2-numbers is
improved.


title: Performance Studies of Bulk Micromegas of Different Design Parameters

abstract:
  The present work involves the comparison of various bulk Micromegas detectors
having different design parameters. Six detectors with amplification gaps of
$64,~128,~192,~220 ~\mu\mathrm{m}$ and mesh hole pitch of $63,~78
~\mu\mathrm{m}$ were tested at room temperature and normal gas pressure. Two
setups were built to evaluate the effect of the variation of the amplification
gap and mesh hole pitch on different detector characteristics. The gain, energy
resolution and electron transmission of these Micromegas detectors were
measured in Argon-Isobutane (90:10) gas mixture while the measurements of the
ion backflow were carried out in P10 gas. These measured characteristics have
been compared in detail to the numerical simulations using the Garfield
framework that combines packages such as neBEM, Magboltz and Heed.


title: Dynamical supersymmetry breaking on magnetized tori and orbifolds

abstract:
  We construct several dynamical supersymmetry breaking (DSB) models within a
single ten-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory, compactified on
magnetized tori with or without orbifolding. We study the case that the
supersymmetry breaking is triggered by a strong dynamics of $SU(N_C)$ SYM
theory with $N_F$ flavors contained in the four-dimensional effective theory.
We show several configurations of magnetic fluxes and orbifolds, those
potentially yield, below the compactification scale, the field contents and
couplings required for triggering DSB. We especially find a class of
self-complete DSB models on orbifolds, where all the extra fields are
eliminated by the orbifold projection and DSB successfully occurs within the
given framework. Comments on some perspectives for associating the obtained DSB
models with the other sectors, such as the visible sector and another hidden
sector for, e.g., stabilizing moduli, are also given.


title: Cross-diffusion systems for image processing: I. The linear case

abstract:
  The use of cross-diffusion systems as mathematical models of different image
processes is investigated. The present paper is concerned with linear
filtering. First, those systems satisfying the most important scale-space
properties are identified. Then a numerical study on the effect of
cross-diffusion in filtering problems is presented.


title: Thermal convection in granular gases with dissipative lateral walls

abstract:
  We consider a granular gas under the action of gravity, fluidized by a
vibrating base. We show that a horizontal temperature gradient, here induced by
limiting dissipative lateral walls (DLW), leads always to a granular thermal
convection (DLW-TC) that is essentially different from ordinary buoyancy-driven
convection (BD-TC). In an experiment where BD-TC is inhibited, by reducing
gravity with an inclined plane, we always observe a DLW-TC cell next to each
lateral wall. Such a cell squeezes towards the nearest wall as the gravity
and/or the number of grains increase. Molecular dynamics simulations reproduce
the experimental results and indicate that at large gravity or number of grains
the DLW-TC is barely detectable.


title: New Results on Charged Compact Boson Stars

abstract:
  In this work we present some new results which we have obtained in a study of
the phase diagram of charged compact boson stars in the theory involving
massive complex scalar fields coupled to the U(1) gauge field and gravity in a
conical potential in the presence of a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ which we
treat as a free parameter taking positive and negative values and thereby
allowing us to study the theory in the de Sitter and Anti de Sitter spaces
respectively. In our studies, we obtain four bifurcation points (possibility of
more bifurcation points being not ruled out) in the de Sitter region. We
present a detailed discussion of the various regions in our phase diagram with
respect to four bifurcation points. Our theory is seen to have rich physics in
a particular domain for positive values of $\Lambda$ which is consistent with
the accelerated expansion of the universe.


title: Eigenvalues for systems of fractional $p-$Laplacians

abstract:
  We study the eigenvalue problem for a system of fractional $p-$Laplacians,
that is, $$ \begin{cases}
  (-\Delta_p)^r u = \lambda\dfrac{\alpha}p|u|^{\alpha-2}u|v|^{\beta} &\text{in
} \Omega,\vspace{.1cm}
  (-\Delta_p)^s u = \lambda\dfrac{\beta}p|u|^{\alpha}|v|^{\beta-2}v &\text{in }
\Omega,
  u=v=0 &\text{in }\Omega^c=\R^N\setminus\Omega.
  \end{cases}
  $$
  We show that there is a first (smallest) eigenvalue that is simple and has
associated eigen-pairs composed of positive and bounded functions. Moreover,
there is a sequence of eigenvalues $\lambda_n$ such that
  $\lambda_n\to\infty$ as $n\to\infty$.
  In addition, we study the limit as $p\to \infty$ of the first eigenvalue,
$\lambda_{1,p}$, and we obtain
  $
  [\lambda_{1,p}]^{\nicefrac{1}{p}}\to \Lambda_{1,\infty}
  $
  as $p\to\infty,$ where
  $$
  \Lambda_{1,\infty}
  = \inf_{(u,v)} \left\{
  \frac{\max \{ [u]_{r,\infty} ; [v]_{s,\infty} \} }{ \| |u|^{\Gamma}
|v|^{1-\Gamma} \|_{L^\infty (\Omega)} }
  \right\} = \left[ \frac{1}{R(\Omega)} \right]^{ (1-\Gamma) s + \Gamma r }.
  $$
  Here $R(\Omega):=\max_{x\in\Omega}\dist(x,\partial\Omega)$ and
$[w]_{t,\infty} \coloneqq \sup_{(x,y)\in\overline{\Omega}} \frac{| w(y) -
w(x)|}{|x-y|^{t}}.$
  Finally, we identify a PDE problem satisfied, in the viscosity sense, by any
possible uniform limit
  along subsequences of the eigen-pairs.


title:
Levy distributions for one-dimensional analysis of the Bose-Einstein
  correlations

abstract:
  A general study of relations between the parameters of two
centrally-symmetric Levy distributions, often used for one-dimensional
investigation of Bose - Einstein correlations, is given for the first time.
These relations of the strength of correlations and of the radius of the
emission region take into account possible various finite ranges of the Lorentz
invariant four-momentum difference for two centrally-symmetric Levy
distributions. In particular, special cases of the relations are investigated
for Cauchy and normal (Gaussian) distributions. The mathematical formalism is
verified using the recent measurements given a generalized centrally-symmetric
Levy distribution is used. The reasonable agreement is observed between
estimations and experimental results for all available types of strong
interaction processes and collision energies.


title:
Achievable Degrees of Freedom of the K-user MISO Broadcast Channel with
  Alternating CSIT via Interference Creation-Resurrection

abstract:
  Channel state information at the transmitter affects the degrees of freedom
of the wireless networks. In this paper, we analyze the DoF for the K-user
multiple-input single-output (MISO) broadcast channel (BC) with synergistic
alternating channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). Specifically,
the CSIT of each user alternates between three states, namely, perfect CSIT
(P), delayed CSIT (D) and no CSIT (N) among different time slots. For the
K-user MISO BC, we show that the total achievable degrees of freedom (DoF) are
given by $\frac{K^{2}}{2K-1}$ through utilizing the synergistic benefits of
CSIT patterns. We compare the achievable DoF with results reported previously
in the literature in the case of delayed CSIT and hybrid CSIT models.


title: Function-Described Graphs for Structural Pattern Recognition

abstract:
  We present in this article the model Function-described graph (FDG), which is
a type of compact representation of a set of attributed graphs (AGs) that
borrow from Random Graphs the capability of probabilistic modelling of
structural and attribute information. We define the FDGs, their features and
two distance measures between AGs (unclassified patterns) and FDGs (models or
classes) and we also explain an efficient matching algorithm. Two applications
of FDGs are presented: in the former, FDGs are used for modelling and matching
3D-objects described by multiple views, whereas in the latter, they are used
for representing and recognising human faces, described also by several views.


title:
The Constant Width Measure Set, the Spherical Measure Set and
  isoperimetric equalities for planar ovals

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce and study sets: the Constant Width Measure Set and
the Spherical Measure Set, which measure the constant width property and the
spherical property of planar regular simple curves, respectively.
  Using these sets and the Wigner caustic, we find the exact relations between
the length and the area bounded by a closed regular simple convex planar curve
$M$. Namely, the following equalities are fulfilled: \begin{align}
\label{AbstractEq1} L_{M}^2 &=4\pi
A_M+8\pi\left|\widetilde{A}_{E_{\frac{1}{2}}(M)}\right|+\pi\left|\widetilde{A}_{CWMS(M)}\right|,\\
\label{AbstractEq2} L_{M}^2 &=4\pi A_M+4\pi\left|\widetilde{A}_{SMS(M)}\right|,
\end{align} where $L_{M}, A_{M}, \widetilde{A}_{E_{\frac{1}{2}}(M)},
\widetilde{A}_{CWMS(M)}, \widetilde{A}_{SMS(M)}$ are the length of $M$, the
area bounded by $M$, the oriented area of the Wigner caustic of $M$, the
oriented area of the Constant Width Measure Set of $M$ and the oriented area of
the Spherical Measure Set of $M$, respectively. The second isoperimetric
equality holds also if $M$ is a regular closed simple curve.
  We also present a new proof of Four-Vertex Theorem for generic ovals based on
the number of singular points of the $SMS$.


title:
Elliptic Bessel processes and elliptic Dyson models realized as
  temporally inhomogeneous processes

abstract:
  The Bessel process with parameter $D>1$ and the Dyson model of interacting
Brownian motions with coupling constant $\beta >0$ are extended to the
processes in which the drift term and the interaction terms are given by the
logarithmic derivatives of Jacobi's theta functions. They are called the
elliptic Bessel process, eBES$^{(D)}$, and the elliptic Dyson model,
eDYS$^{(\beta)}$, respectively. Both are realized on the circumference of a
circle $[0, 2 \pi r)$ with radius $r >0$ as temporally inhomogeneous processes
defined in a finite time interval $[0, t_*), t_* < \infty$. Transformations of
them to Schr\"odinger-type equations with time-dependent potentials lead us to
proving that eBES$^{(D)}$ and eDYS$^{(\beta)}$ can be constructed as the
time-dependent Girsanov transformations of Brownian motions. In the special
cases where $D=3$ and $\beta=2$, observables of the processes are defined and
the processes are represented for them using the Brownian paths winding round a
circle and pinned at time $t_*$. We show that eDYS$^{(2)}$ has the
determinantal martingale representation for any observable. Then it is proved
that eDYS$^{(2)}$ is determinantal for all observables for any finite initial
configuration without multiple points. Determinantal processes are stochastic
integrable systems in the sense that all spatio-temporal correlation functions
are given by determinants controlled by a single continuous function called the
spatio-temporal correlation kernel.

categories: math.PR cond-mat.stat-mech hep-th math-ph math.MP nlin.SI


title:
Thermal transport size effects in silicon membranes featuring
  nanopillars as local resonators

abstract:
  Silicon membranes patterned by nanometer-scale pillars standing on the
surface provide a practical platform for thermal conductivity reduction by
resonance hybridization. Using molecular simulations, we investigate the effect
of nanopillar size, unit-cell size, and finite-structure size on the net
capacity of the local resonators in reducing the thermal conductivity of the
base membrane. The results indicate that the thermal conductivity reduction
increases as the ratio of the volumetric size of a unit nanopillar to that of
the base membrane is increased, and the intensity of this reduction varies with
unit-cell size at a rate dependent on the volumetric ratio. Considering sample
size, the resonance-induced thermal conductivity drop is shown to increase
slightly with the number of unit cells until it would eventually level off.


title:
Pairwise approximation for SIR type network epidemics with non-Markovian
  recovery

abstract:
  We present the generalised mean-field and pairwise models for non-Markovian
epidemics on networks with arbitrary recovery time distributions. First we
consider a hyperbolic system, where the population of infective nodes and links
are structured by age since infection. By solving the partial differential
equations, the model is transformed into a system of integro-differential
equations, which is analysed both from a mathematical and numerical point of
view. We analytically study the asymptotic behaviour of the generalised model
and provide a rigorous mathematical proof of the conjecture on the functional
form of the final epidemic size and pairwise reproduction number. As an
illustration of the applicability of the general model we recover known results
for the exponentially distributed and fixed recovery time cases and obtain new
pairwise models with gamma and uniformly distributed infectious period. The
general framework that we proposed shows a more complete picture of the impact
of non-Markovian recovery on network epidemics.


title: New Physics in the Flavour Sector

abstract:
  Several experiments observed deviations from the Standard Model (SM) in the
flavour sector: LHCb found a $4-5\,\sigma$ discrepancy compared to the SM in
$b\to s\mu^+\mu^-$ transitions (recently supported by an Belle analysis) and
CMS reported a non-zero measurement of $h\to\mu\tau$ with a significance of
$2.4\,\sigma$. Furthermore, BELLE, BABAR and LHCb founds hints for the
violation of flavour universality in $B\to D^{(*)}\tau\nu$. In addition, there
is the long-standing discrepancy in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.
Interestingly, all these anomalies are related to muons and taus, while the
corresponding electron channels seem to be SM like. This suggests that these
deviations from the SM might be correlated and we briefly review some selected
models providing simultaneous explanations.


title: Flag-Based Big-Step Semantics

abstract:
  Structural operational semantic specifications come in different styles:
small-step and big-step. A problem with the big-step style is that specifying
divergence and abrupt termination gives rise to annoying duplication. We
present a novel approach to representing divergence and abrupt termination in
big-step semantics using status flags. This avoids the duplication problem, and
uses fewer rules and premises for representing divergence than previous
approaches in the literature.


title: Intrinsic square functions with arbitrary aperture

abstract:
  We consider intrinsic square functions defined using (log-)Dini continuous
test functions on spaces of homogeneous type. We prove weighted estimates with
optimal (at least in the Euclidean case) dependence on the aperture of the cone
used to define the square function and linear dependence on the (log-)Dini
modulus of continuity.


title: Statistical analysis of properties of dwarf novae outbursts

abstract:
  We present a statistical study of all measurable photometric features of a
large sample of dwarf novae during their outbursts and superoutbursts. We used
all accessible photometric data for all our objects to make the study as
complete and up-to-date as possible. Our aim was to check correlations between
these photometric features in order to constrain theoretical models which try
to explain the nature of dwarf novae outbursts. We managed to confirm a few of
the known correlations, that is the Stolz and Schoembs Relation, the Bailey
Relation for long outbursts above the period gap, the relations between the
cycle and supercycle lengths, amplitudes of normal and superoutbursts,
amplitude and duration of superoutbursts, outburst duration and orbital period,
outburst duration and mass ratio for short and normal outbursts, as well as the
relation between the rise and decline rates of superoutbursts. However, we
question the existence of the Kukarkin-Parenago Relation but we found an
analogous relation for superoutbursts. We also failed to find one presumed
relation between outburst duration and mass ratio for superoutbursts. This
study should help to direct theoretical work dedicated to dwarf novae.


title: Ultra-local models of modified gravity without kinetic term

abstract:
  We present a class of modified-gravity theories which we call ultra-local
models. We add a scalar field, with negligible kinetic terms, to the
Einstein-Hilbert action. We also introduce a conformal coupling to matter. This
gives rise to a new screening mechanism which is not entirely due to the
non-linearity of the scalar field potential or the coupling function but to the
absence of the kinetic term. As a result this removes any fifth force between
isolated objects in vacuum. The predictions of these models only depend on a
single free function, as the potential and the coupling function are
degenerate, with an amplitude given by a parameter $\alpha \lesssim 10^{-6}$,
whose magnitude springs from requiring a small modification of Newton's
potential astrophysically and cosmologically. This singles out a redshift
$z_{\alpha} \sim \alpha^{-1/3} \gtrsim 100$ where the fifth force is the
greatest. The cosmological background follows the $\Lambda$-CDM history within
a $10^{-6}$ accuracy, while cosmological perturbations are significantly
enhanced (or damped) on small scales, $k \gtrsim 2 h {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ at $z=0$.
The spherical collapse and the halo mass function are modified in the same
manner. We find that the modifications of gravity are greater for galactic or
sub-galactic structures. We also present a thermodynamic analysis of the
non-linear and inhomogeneous fifth-force regime where we find that the Universe
is not made more inhomogeneous before $z_\alpha$ when the fifth force
dominates, and does not lead to the existence of clumped matter on extra small
scales inside halos for large masses while this possibility exists for masses
$M\lesssim 10^{11} M_\odot$ where the phenomenology of ultra-local models would
be most different from $\Lambda$-CDM.


title:
Retrieving the Covariance Matrix of an Unknown Two-Mode Gaussian State
  by Means of a Reference Twin Beam

abstract:
  A method for revealing the covariance matrix of an unknown two-mode Gaussian
state is given based on the interference with a reference twin beam whose
covariance matrix is known. In the method, first- and second-order
cross-correlation intensity moments are determined varying the overall phase of
the reference twin beam.


title: Zeros of polynomials of derivatives of zeta functions

abstract:
  Let $P_s \in \mathcal{D}_s[X_0,X_1, \ldots,X_l]$ be a polynomial whose
coefficients are the ring of all general Dirichlet series which converge
absolutely in the half-plane $\Re (s) > 1/2$. In the present paper, we show
that the function $P_s(L(s), L^{(1)}(s),\ldots, L^{(l)}(s))$ has infinitely
many zeros in the vertical strip $D:= \{ s \in {\mathbb{C}} : 1/2 < \Re (s)
<1\}$ if $L(s)$ is hybridly universal and $P_s \in \mathcal{D}_s[X_0,X_1,
\ldots,X_l]$ is a polynomial such that at least one of the degree of
$X_1,\ldots,X_l$ is greater than zero. As a corollary, we prove that the
function $(d^k / ds^k) P_s(L(s))$ with $k \in {\mathbb{N}}$ has infinitely many
zeros in the strip $D$ when $L(s)$ is hybridly universal and $P_s \in
\mathcal{D}_s[X]$ is a polynomial with degree greater than zero. The upper
bounds for the numbers of zeros of $P_s(L(s), L^{(1)}(s),\ldots, L^{(l)}(s))$
and $(d^k / ds^k) P_s(L(s))$ are studied as well.


title: Types from data: Making structured data first-class citizens in F#

abstract:
  Most modern applications interact with external services and access data in
structured formats such as XML, JSON and CSV. Static type systems do not
understand such formats, often making data access more cumbersome. Should we
give up and leave the messy world of external data to dynamic typing and
runtime checks? Of course, not!
  We present F# Data, a library that integrates external structured data into
F#. As most real-world data does not come with an explicit schema, we develop a
shape inference algorithm that infers a shape from representative sample
documents. We then integrate the inferred shape into the F# type system using
type providers. We formalize the process and prove a relative type soundness
theorem.
  Our library significantly reduces the amount of data access code and it
provides additional safety guarantees when contrasted with the widely used
weakly typed techniques.


title: 1D roughness driven depinning of breath figures on PDMS

abstract:
  The influence of surface constraints on the self-assembly of liquid droplets
is investigated. A semi-quantitative explanation for large scale pattern
formation consisting of small scale closely arranged droplets inside the large
scale distorted ring of droplets is presented in this paper. The scale at which
the influence of constraints become dominant is also determined in this study.
It is seen that the underlying roughness has a larger impact than the nature of
polymer on pore size. Comparative studies of pore patterns formed on smooth and
constrained substrates are reported. The simulated energy minimized shape of
the droplets on smooth and constrained substrates are obtained using
\textit{Surface Evolver}.


title: Modified Stieltjes Transform and Generalized Convolutions

abstract:
  Classical Stieltjes Transform is modified in a way to generalize both
Stieltjes and Fourier transforms. This transform allows to intro- duce new
classes of commutative and non-commutative generalized convolutions. Key words:
Stieltjes Transform; characteristic function; generalized convolution.


title:
Bell's Inequalities for Continuous-Variable Systems in Generic Squeezed
  States

abstract:
  Bell's inequality for continuous-variable bipartite systems is studied. The
inequality is expressed in terms of pseudo-spin operators and quantum
expectation values are calculated for generic two-mode squeezed states
characterized by a squeezing parameter $r$ and a squeezing angle $\varphi$.
Allowing for generic values of the squeezing angle is especially relevant when
$\varphi$ is not under experimental control, such as in cosmic inflation, where
small quantum fluctuations in the early Universe are responsible for structures
formation. Compared to previous studies restricted to $\varphi=0$ and to a
fixed orientation of the pseudo-spin operators, allowing for $\varphi\neq 0$
and optimizing the angular configuration leads to a completely new and rich
phenomenology. Two dual schemes of approximation are designed that allow for
comprehensive exploration of the squeezing parameters space. In particular, it
is found that Bell's inequality can be violated when the squeezing parameter
$r$ is large enough, $r\gtrsim 1.12$, and the squeezing angle $\varphi$ is
small enough, $\varphi\lesssim 0.34\,e^{-r}$.


title: The Yahoo Query Treebank, V. 1.0

abstract:
  A description and annotation guidelines for the Yahoo Webscope release of
Query Treebank, Version 1.0, May 2016.


title: Novel Cross-Slip Mechanism of Pyramidal Screw Dislocations in Magnesium

abstract:
  Compared to cubic metals, whose primary slip mode includes twelve equivalent
systems, the lower crystalline symmetry of hexagonal close-packed metals
results in a reduced number of equivalent primary slips and anisotropy in
plasticity, leading to brittleness at the ambient temperature. At higher
temperatures, the ductility of hexagonal close-packed metals improves owing to
the activation of secondary c+a pyramidal slip systems. Thus understanding the
fundamental properties of corresponding dislocations is essential for the
improvement of ductility at the ambient temperature. Here, we present the
results of large-scale ab-initio calculations for c+a pyramidal screw
dislocations in Mg and show that their slip behavior is a stark counterexample
to the conventional wisdom that a slip plane is determined by the stacking
fault plane of dislocations. A stacking fault between dissociated partial
dislocations can assume a non-planar shape with a negligible energy cost and
can migrate normal to its plane by a local shuffling of atoms. Partial
dislocations dissociated on a {2-1-12} plane "slither" in the {01-11} plane,
dragging the stacking fault with them in response to an applied shear stress.
This finding resolves the apparent discrepancy that both {2-1-12} and {01-11}
slip traces are observed in experiments while ab-initio calculations indicate
that dislocations preferably dissociate in the {01-11} planes.


title:
#FoundThem - 21st Century Pre-Search and Post-Detection SETI Protocols
  for Social and Digital Media

abstract:
  The transmission of news stories in global culture has changed fundamentally
in the last three decades. The general public are alerted to breaking stories
on increasingly rapid timescales, and the discussion/distortion of facts by
writers, bloggers, commenters and Internet users can also be extremely fast.
The narrative of a news item no longer belongs to a small cadre of conventional
media outlets, but is instead synthesised to some level by the public as they
select where and how they consume news.
  The IAA Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) post-detection
protocols, initially drafted in 1989 and updated in 2010, were written to guide
SETI scientists in the event of detecting evidence of extraterrestrial
intelligence, but do not give guidance as to how scientists should prepare to
navigate this media maelstrom. The protocols assume communications channels
between scientists and the public still resemble those of 1989, which were
specifically one-way with a narrative controlled by a select few media outlets.
  Modern SETI researchers must consider this modern paradigm for consumption of
news by the public, using social media and other non-traditional outlets, when
planning and executing searches for extraterrestrial intelligence. We propose
additions to the post-detection protocols as they pertain to the use of
internet and social media, as well as pre-search protocols. It is our belief
that such protocols are necessary if there is to be a well-informed, sane
global conversation amongst the world's citizens following the discovery of
intelligent life beyond the Earth.


title:
Different approaches for identifying important concepts in probabilistic
  biomedical text summarization

abstract:
  Automatic text summarization tools help users in biomedical domain to acquire
their intended information from various textual resources more efficiently.
Some of the biomedical text summarization systems put the basis of their
sentence selection approach on the frequency of concepts extracted from the
input text. However, it seems that exploring other measures rather than the
frequency for identifying the valuable content of the input document, and
considering the correlations existing between concepts may be more useful for
this type of summarization. In this paper, we describe a Bayesian summarizer
for biomedical text documents. The Bayesian summarizer initially maps the input
text to the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) concepts, then it selects
the important ones to be used as classification features. We introduce
different feature selection approaches to identify the most important concepts
of the text and to select the most informative content according to the
distribution of these concepts. We show that with the use of an appropriate
feature selection approach, the Bayesian biomedical summarizer can improve the
performance of summarization. We perform extensive evaluations on a corpus of
scientific papers in biomedical domain. The results show that the Bayesian
summarizer outperforms the biomedical summarizers that rely on the frequency of
concepts, the domain-independent and baseline methods based on the
Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) metrics. Moreover,
the results suggest that using the meaningfulness measure and considering the
correlations of concepts in the feature selection step lead to a significant
increase in the performance of summarization.


title:
Absence of a Ground State for Bosonic Coulomb Systems with Critical
  Charge

abstract:
  We consider bosonic Coulomb systems with $N$-particles and $K$ static nuclei.
Let $E_N^Z$ denote the ground state energy of a bosonic molecule of the total
nuclear charge $Z$. We prove that the system has no normalizable ground state
when $E_{N}^{N-1} = E_{N-1}^{N-1}$.


title: The dynamics of the CBC Mode of Operation

abstract:
  In cryptography, the Cipher Block Chaining (CBC), one of the most commonly
used mode in recent years, is a mode of operation that uses a block cipher to
provide confidentiality or authenticity. In our previous research work, we have
shown that this mode of operation exhibits, under some conditions, a chaotic
behaviour. We have studied this behaviour by evaluating both its level of
sensibility and expansivity. In this paper, we intend to deepen the topological
study of the CBC mode of operation and evaluate its property of topological
mixing. Additionally, other quantitative evaluations are performed, and the
level of topological entropy has been evaluated too.


title:
Race, Religion and the City: Twitter Word Frequency Patterns Reveal
  Dominant Demographic Dimensions in the United States

abstract:
  Recently, numerous approaches have emerged in the social sciences to exploit
the opportunities made possible by the vast amounts of data generated by online
social networks (OSNs). Having access to information about users on such a
scale opens up a range of possibilities, all without the limitations associated
with often slow and expensive paper-based polls. A question that remains to be
satisfactorily addressed, however, is how demography is represented in the OSN
content? Here, we study language use in the US using a corpus of text compiled
from over half a billion geo-tagged messages from the online microblogging
platform Twitter. Our intention is to reveal the most important spatial
patterns in language use in an unsupervised manner and relate them to
demographics. Our approach is based on Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) augmented
with the Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) methodology. We find
spatially correlated patterns that can be interpreted based on the words
associated with them. The main language features can be related to slang use,
urbanization, travel, religion and ethnicity, the patterns of which are shown
to correlate plausibly with traditional census data. Our findings thus validate
the concept of demography being represented in OSN language use and show that
the traits observed are inherently present in the word frequencies without any
previous assumptions about the dataset. Thus, they could form the basis of
further research focusing on the evaluation of demographic data estimation from
other big data sources, or on the dynamical processes that result in the
patterns found here.


title:
Structured Compute-and-Forward with phase precoding scheme: Beyond
  integers

abstract:
  -In this work, we focus on the K--user Gaussian Symmetric Complex-valued
Interference Channels (GS-CIC). The Compute-and-Forward (CoF) protocol in
wireless networks have been employed for Gaussian Symmetric Real-valued
Interference Channels (GS-RIC) to achieve approximately the capacity of such
channels and making Interference Alignment (IA) by solving a system of linear
equations at destinations. We aim to adapt this protocol to GS-CIC. At high
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), this protocol shows a fading behavior of the
achievable sum-rate for strong and very strong interference regimes. In complex
field this random-like behavior is related to the phase of complex cross
channel coefficients. To avoid this fading-like behavior, we consider
Z[i]--lattice codes and we propose a phase precoding scheme for CoF protocol
with partial feedback. In this method the phase of channel coefficients will
then be fed back to the transmitters in order to choose the best precoder
factors to control this random behavior. We further simulate the achievable
sum-rate given by this scheme and showing significant gain improvement can be
obtained in terms of limiting the random behavior of achievable sum-rate.


title:
Electron spin resonance from NV centers in diamonds levitating in an ion
  trap

abstract:
  We report observations of the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) of Nitrogen
Vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds that are levitating in an ion trap. Using a
needle Paul trap operating under ambient conditions, we demonstrate efficient
microwave driving of the electronic spin and show that the spin properties of
deposited diamond particles measured by the ESR are retained in the Paul trap.
We also exploit the ESR signal to monitor the rotation of levitating
monocrystals, a first step towards spin-controlled mechanical systems in
scattering-free traps.


title: Proposing A Ciphering Protocol

abstract:
  This paper describes a novel bit level stream cipher based symmetric key
cryptographic technique. At first, sender and receiver agree upon a symmetric
key. Then the symmetric key is formed using Greatest Common Divisor (G.C.D) of
sum of even or odd bit positional weightth even or odd number and a symmetric
key value is derived from the symmetric by the sender. The symmetric key value
is XORed with the ASCII value of the plain text character to get the cipher
text character. This is repeated for the entire plain text file. The symmetric
key and the entire cipher text file is sent by the sender to the receiver. From
the symmetric key, the receiver calculates the symmetric key value. The
symmetric key value is XORed with the cipher text character to get back the
plain text character. When this process is repeated for every cipher text
character, then entire plain text file is formed by the decryption process.
This technique has several advantages like formation of symmetric key
dynamically, more emphasis on symmetric key value rather than the symmetric
key, security and equal applicability for encryption and decryption of a large
number of files of almost any type or extension.


title:
Vibrational modes of negatively charged silicon-vacancy centers in
  diamond from ab initio calculations

abstract:
  Silicon-vacancy (SiV) center in diamond is a photoluminescence (PL) center
with a characteristic zero-phonon line energy at 1.681 eV that acts as a
solid-state single photon source and, potentially, as a quantum bit. The
majority of the luminescence intensity appears in the zero-phonon line;
nevertheless, about 30\% of the intensity manifests in the phonon sideband.
Since phonons play an essential role in the operation of this system, it is of
importance to understand the vibrational properties of the SiV center in
detail. To this end, we carry out density functional theory calculations of
dilute SiV centers by embedding the defect in supercells of a size of a few
thousand atoms. We find that there exist two well-pronounced quasi-local
vibrational modes (resonances) with $A_{2u}$ and $E_u$ symmetries,
corresponding to the vibration of the Si atom along and perpendicular to the
defect symmetry axis, respectively. Isotopic shifts of these modes explain the
isotopic shifts of prominent vibronic features in the experimental SiV PL
spectrum. Moreover, calculations show that the vibrational frequency of the
$A_{2u}$ mode increases by about 30\% in the excited state with respect to the
ground state, while the frequency of the $E_u$ mode increases by about 5\%.
These changes explain experimentally observed isotopic shifts of the
zero-phonon line energy. We also emphasize possible dangers of extracting
isotopic shifts of vibrational resonances from finite-size supercell
calculations, and instead propose a method to do this correctly.


title:
Projective dimension of (hyper)graphs and the Castelnuovo-Mumford
  regularity of bipartite graphs

abstract:
  We prove that the projective dimension of any (hyper)graph can be bounded
from above by the (Castelnuovo-Mumford) regularity of its Levi graph (or
incidence bipartite graph). This in particular brings the use of regularity's
upper bounds on the calculation of projective dimension of (hyper)graphs. When
G is just a (simple) graph, we prove that there exists an induced subgraph H of
G such that prod-dim(G)=reg(S(H)), where S(H) is the subdivision graph of H.
Moreover, we show that known upper bounds on prod-dim(G) involving domination
parameters are in fact upper bounds to reg(S(G)).


title:
Influence of Inelastic Collisions with Hydrogen Atoms on the Formation
  of Al I and Si I Lines in Stellar Spectra

abstract:
  The non-LTE line formation for Al I and Si I was calculated with model
atmospheres corresponding to F-G-K type stars of different metallicity. To
account for inelastic collisions with H I, for the first time we applied the
cross sections calculated by Belyaev et al. using model approaches within the
formalism of the Born-Oppenheimer quantum theory. For Al I non-LTE leads to
overionization in the line formation layers and to weakened spectral lines, in
line with earlier non-LTE studies. However, in contrast to the previuos
studies, our results predict smaller magnitude of the non-LTE effects for the
subordinate lines. Owing to large cross sections, the ion-pair production and
mutual neutralization processes Al I(nl) + H I(1s) $\leftrightarrow$
Al~II(3s^2) + H^- provide a close coupling of high-excitation Al I levels to
the Al II ground state, which causes smaller deviations from the TE populations
compared to the case of pure electron collisions. For three metal-poor stars,
the Al abundance was determined from seven lines in different models of their
formation. In LTE and in non-LTE calculations with pure electron collisions,
the Al I 3961 A resonance line gives a 0.25-0.45 dex lower abundance than the
mean from the subordinate lines. The difference is removed by accounting for
the collisions with H I, and the rms error of the abundance from all seven
lines decreases by a factor of 1.5-3 compared to LTE. We calculated the non-LTE
abundance corrections for six Al I lines depending on Teff (4500-6500 K), log g
(3.0-4.5), and [Fe/H] (0, -1, -2, -3). For Si I including the collisions with H
I leads to TE populations in the line formation layers and to minor departures
from LTE in spectral lines.


title:
Grain size correlated rotatable magnetic anisotropy in polycrystalline
  exchange bias systems

abstract:
  Angular resolved measurements of the exchange bias field and the coercive
field are a powerful tool to distinguish between different competing magnetic
anisotropies in polycrystalline exchange bias layer systems. No simple
analytical model is as yet available, which considers time dependent effects
like enhanced coercivity arising from the grain size distribution of the
antiferromagnet. In this work we expand an existing model class describing
polycrystalline exchange bias systems by a rotatable magnetic anisotropy term
to describe grain size correlated effects. Additionally, we performed angular
resolved magnetization curve measurements using vectorial magnetooptic Kerr
magnetometry. Comparison of the experimental data with the proposed model shows
excellent agreement and reveals the ferromagnetic anisotropy and properties
connected to the grain size distribution of the antiferromagnet. Therefore, a
distinction between the different influences on coercivity and anisotropy
becomes available.


title:
In vivo optical imaging of physiological responses to photostimulation
  in human photoreceptors

abstract:
  Non-invasive functional imaging of molecular and cellular processes of vision
is expected to have immense impact on research and clinical diagnostics.
Although suitable intrinsic optical signals (IOS) have been observed ex vivo
and in immobilized animals in vivo, it was so far not possible to obtain
convincing IOS of photoreceptor activity in humans in vivo. Here, we observed
spatially and temporally clearly resolved changes in the optical path length of
the photoreceptor outer segment as response to an optical stimulus in living
human. To obtain these changes, we evaluated phase data of a parallelized and
computationally aberration-corrected optical coherence tomography (OCT) system.
The non-invasive detection of optical path length changes shows the neuronal
photoreceptor activity of single cones in living human retina, and, more
importantly, it provides a new diagnostic option in ophthalmology and neurology
and could give new insights into visual phototransduction in humans.


title: Scientific notations for the digital era

abstract:
  Computers have profoundly changed the way scientific research is done.
Whereas the importance of computers as research tools is evident to everyone,
the impact of the digital revolution on the representation of scientific
knowledge is not yet widely recognized. An ever increasing part of today's
scientific knowledge is expressed, published, and archived exclusively in the
form of software and electronic datasets. In this essay, I compare these
digital scientific notations to the the traditional scientific notations that
have been used for centuries, showing how the digital notations optimized for
computerized processing are often an obstacle to scientific communication and
to creative work by human scientists. I analyze the causes and propose
guidelines for the design of more human-friendly digital scientific notations.

categories: physics.soc-ph cs.OH physics.comp-ph physics.hist-ph


title: On dependence of rational points on elliptic curves

abstract:
  Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over $\mathbb Q$. Let $\Gamma$ be a
subgroup of $E(\mathbb Q)$ and $P\in E(\mathbb Q)$. In [1], it was proved that
if $E$ has no nontrivial rational torsion points, then $P\in\Gamma$ if and only
if $P\in \Gamma$ mod $p$ for finitely many primes $p$. In this note, assuming
the General Riemann Hypothesis, we provide an explicit upper bound on these
primes when $E$ does not have complex multiplication and either $E$ is a
semistable curve or $E$ has no exceptional prime.


title: Geodesics associated to the balanced metric on the Siegel-Jacobi ball

abstract:
  We determine the Christoffel's symbols for the Siegel-Jacobi ball endowed
with the balanced metric. We study the equations of geodesics on the
Siegel-Jacobi ball. We calculate the covariant derivative of one-forms in the
variables in which is expressed the balanced metric on the Siegel-Jacobi ball.


title: Modelling the post-reionization neutral Hydrogen (\HI) bias

abstract:
  Observations of the neutral Hydrogen (\HI ) 21-cm signal hold the potential
of allowing us to map out the cosmological large scale structures (LSS) across
the entire post-reionization era ($z \leq 6$). Several experiments are planned
to map the LSS over a large range of redshifts and angular scales, many of
these targeting the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations. It is important to model the
\HI distribution in order to correctly predict the expected signal, and more so
to correctly interpret the results after the signal is detected. In this paper
we have carried out semi-numerical simulations to model the \HI distribution
and study the \HI power spectrum $P_{\HI}(k,z)$ across the redshift range $1
\le z \le 6$. We have modelled the \HI bias as a complex quantity
$\tilde{b}(k,z)$ whose modulus squared $b^2(k,z)$ relates $P_{\HI}(k,z)$ to the
matter power spectrum $P(k,z)$, and whose real part $b_r(k,z)$ quantifies the
cross-correlation between the \HI and the matter distribution. We study the $z$
and $k$ dependence of the bias, and present polynomial fits which can be used
to predict the bias across $0 \le z \le6$ and $0.01 \le k \le 10 \, {\rm
Mpc}^{-1}$. We also present results for the stochasticity $r=b_r/b$ which is
important for cross-correlation studies.


title: Weakly Supervised Learning of Affordances

abstract:
  Localizing functional regions of objects or affordances is an important
aspect of scene understanding. In this work, we cast the problem of affordance
segmentation as that of semantic image segmentation. In order to explore
various levels of supervision, we introduce a pixel-annotated affordance
dataset of 3090 images containing 9916 object instances with rich contextual
information in terms of human-object interactions. We use a deep convolutional
neural network within an expectation maximization framework to take advantage
of weakly labeled data like image level annotations or keypoint annotations. We
show that a further reduction in supervision is possible with a minimal loss in
performance when human pose is used as context.


title:
Gravitational scattering of stars and clusters and the heating of the
  Galactic disk

abstract:
  Could the velocity spread, increasing with time, in the Galactic disk be
explained as a result of gravitational interactions of stars with giant
molecular clouds (GMCs) and spiral arms? Do the old open clusters high above
the Galactic plane provide clues to this question? We explore the effects on
stellar orbits of scattering by inhomogeneities in the Galactic potential due
to GMCs, spiral arms and the Galactic bar, and whether high-altitude clusters
could have formed in orbits closer to the Galactic plane and later been
scattered.
  Simulations of test-particle motions are performed in a realistic Galactic
potential. The effects of the internal structure of GMCs are explored. The
destruction of clusters in GMC collisions is treated in detail with N-body
simulations of the clusters.
  The observed velocity dispersions of stars as a function of time are well
reproduced. The GMC structure is found to be significant, but adequate models
produce considerable scattering effects. The fraction of simulated massive old
open clusters, scattered into orbits with |z| > 400 pc, is typically 0:5%, in
agreement with the observed number of high-altitude clusters and consistent
with the present formation rate of massive open clusters.
  The heating of the thin Galactic disk is well explained by gravitational
scattering by GMCs and spiral arms, if the local correlation between the GMC
mass and the corresponding voids in the gas is not very strong. Our results
suggest that the high-altitude metal-rich clusters were formed in orbits close
to the Galactic plane and later scattered to higher orbits. It is possible,
though not very probable, that the Sun formed in such a cluster before
scattering occurred.


title: Orthogonality in Generalized Minkowski Spaces

abstract:
  We combine functional analytic and geometric viewpoints on approximate
Birkhoff and isosceles orthogonality in generalized Minkowski spaces which are
finite-dimensional vector spaces equipped with a gauge. This is the first
approach to orthogonality types in such spaces.


title: Lattice paths of slope 2/5

abstract:
  We analyze some enumerative and asymptotic properties of Dyck paths under a
line of slope 2/5.This answers to Knuth's problem \\#4 from his "Flajolet
lecture" during the conference "Analysis of Algorithms" (AofA'2014) in Paris in
June 2014.Our approach relies on the work of Banderier and Flajolet for
asymptotics and enumeration of directed lattice paths. A key ingredient in the
proof is the generalization of an old trick of Knuth himself (for enumerating
permutations sortable by a stack),promoted by Flajolet and others as the
"kernel method". All the corresponding generating functions are algebraic,and
they offer some new combinatorial identities, which can be also tackled in the
A=B spirit of Wilf--Zeilberger--Petkov{\v s}ek.We show how to obtain similar
results for other slopes than 2/5, an interesting case being e.g. Dyck paths
below the slope 2/3, which corresponds to the so called Duchon's club model.


title:
On cyclic DNA codes over the rings Z_{4}+wZ_{4} and
  Z_{4}+wZ_{4}+vZ_{4}+wvZ_{4}

abstract:
  The structures of cyclic DNA codes of odd length over the finite rings
R=Z_{4}+wZ_{4}, w^{2}=2 and S=Z_{4}+wZ_{4}+vZ_{4}+wvZ_{4},w^{2}=2,v^{2}=v,wv=vw
are studied. The links between the elements of the rings R, S and 16 and 256
codons are established, respectively. Cyclic codes of odd length over the
finite ring R satisfies reverse complement constraint and cyclic codes of odd
length over the finite ring S satisfy reverse constraint and reverse complement
constraint are studied. Binary images of the cyclic DNA codes over the finite
rings R and S are determined. Moreover, a family of DNA skew cyclic codes over
R is constructed, its property of being reverse complement is studied.


title: Spatial Modulation- Spatial Multiplexing in Massive MIMO

abstract:
  Massive MIMO, a candidate for 5G technology, promises significant gains in
wireless data rates and link reliability by using large numbers of antennas
(more than 64) at the base transceiver station (BTS). Extra antennas help by
focusing the transmission and reception of signal energy into ever-smaller
regions of space. This brings huge improvements in throughput. However, it
requires a large number of Radio Frequency (RF) chains (usually equal to number
of transmit antennas), which is a major drawback. One approach to overcome
these issues is to use Spatial Modulation (SM). In SM, an index of transmit
antenna is used as an additional source of information to improve the overall
spectral efficiency. In particular, a group of any number of information bits
is mapped into two constellations: a signal constellation based on modulation
scheme and a spatial constellation to encode the index of the transmit antenna.
However, a low spectral efficiency is main drawback of SM. Therefore, a
combination of SM with Spatial Multiplexing is an effective way to increase
spectral efficiency with limited number of RF chains.


title:
Fast Primal-Dual Gradient Method for Strongly Convex Minimization
  Problems with Linear Constraints

abstract:
  In this paper we consider a class of optimization problems with a strongly
convex objective function and the feasible set given by an intersection of a
simple convex set with a set given by a number of linear equality and
inequality constraints. A number of optimization problems in applications can
be stated in this form, examples being the entropy-linear programming, the
ridge regression, the elastic net, the regularized optimal transport, etc. We
extend the Fast Gradient Method applied to the dual problem in order to make it
primal-dual so that it allows not only to solve the dual problem, but also to
construct nearly optimal and nearly feasible solution of the primal problem. We
also prove a theorem about the convergence rate for the proposed algorithm in
terms of the objective function and the linear constraints infeasibility.


title: Structured Receptive Fields in CNNs

abstract:
  Learning powerful feature representations with CNNs is hard when training
data are limited. Pre-training is one way to overcome this, but it requires
large datasets sufficiently similar to the target domain. Another option is to
design priors into the model, which can range from tuned hyperparameters to
fully engineered representations like Scattering Networks. We combine these
ideas into structured receptive field networks, a model which has a fixed
filter basis and yet retains the flexibility of CNNs. This flexibility is
achieved by expressing receptive fields in CNNs as a weighted sum over a fixed
basis which is similar in spirit to Scattering Networks. The key difference is
that we learn arbitrary effective filter sets from the basis rather than
modeling the filters. This approach explicitly connects classical multiscale
image analysis with general CNNs. With structured receptive field networks, we
improve considerably over unstructured CNNs for small and medium dataset
scenarios as well as over Scattering for large datasets. We validate our
findings on ILSVRC2012, Cifar-10, Cifar-100 and MNIST. As a realistic small
dataset example, we show state-of-the-art classification results on popular 3D
MRI brain-disease datasets where pre-training is difficult due to a lack of
large public datasets in a similar domain.


title: A generalization of hall's theorem for k-uniform k-partite hypergraphs

abstract:
  In this paper we prove a generalized version of Hall's theorem for
hypergraphs. More precisely, let H be a k-uniform k- partite hypergraph with
some ordering on parts as V1, V2,..., Vk. such that the subhypergraph generated
on union of V1, V2,..., Vk-1 has a unique perfect matching. In this case, we
give a necessary and sufficient condition for having a matching of size t =
|V1| in H. Some relevant results and counterexamples are given as well.


title: Comments on interactions in the SUSY models

abstract:
  We consider special supersymmetry (SUSY) transformations with $m$ generators
$\overleftarrow{s}_{\alpha }$ for a certain class of models and study some
physical consequences of Grassmann-odd transformations which form an Abelian
supergroup with finite parameters and respective group-like elements being
functionals of field variables. The SUSY-invariant path integral measure within
conventional quantization implies the appearance, under a change of variables
related to such SUSY transformations, of a Jacobian which is explicitly
calculated. The Jacobian implies, first of all, the appearance of trivial
interactions in the transformed action, and, second, the presence of a modified
Ward identity which reduces to the standard Ward identities in the case of
constant parameters. We examine the case of ${N}=1$ and $N=2$ supersymmetric
harmonic oscillators to illustrate the general concept by a simple free model
with $(1,1)$ physical degrees of freedom. It is shown that the interaction
terms $U_{tr}$ have a corresponding SUSY-exact form: $U_{tr}=%
\big(V_{(1)}\overleftarrow{s};V_{(2)}\overleftarrow{\bar{s}}\overleftarrow{s}%
\big)$ naturally generated in this generalized formulation. We argue that the
case of non-trivial interactions cannot be obtained in such a way.


title: Continuation for stability domain determination: a case study

abstract:
  Determining a stability domain, i.e. a set of equilibria for which a
dynamical system remains stable, is a core problem in control. When dealing
with controlled systems, the problem is generally transformed into a robustness
analysis problem: considering a set of uncertain parameters (generally chosen
as polytopic), one seeks for guaranties that the system remains stable for this
given set or some dilatation or contraction of this set. Thanks to the
development of formal methods based on continuation, another approach is
proposed in this paper to determine the border of the stability domain. The
proposed developments were made with MatCont, a package to be used with Matlab,
and the considered system is a 3-cable robot with linear PD and PID
controllers.


title: On the nature of the neutrino

abstract:
  Assuming that one neutrino type with definite mass is described by a massive
Dirac field operator, it is shown that the physical one-particle states for
particles and antiparticles can be rotated to each other, irrespective of their
helicity. This result is used to prove that the neutrino must necessarily be a
Majorana particle.


title:
Frame-level quality and memory traffic allocation for lossy embedded
  compression in video codec systems

abstract:
  For mobile video codecs, the huge energy dissipation for external memory
traffic is a critical challenge under the battery power constraint. Lossy
embedded compression (EC), as a solution to this challenge, is considered in
this paper. While previous studies in EC mostly focused on compression
algorithms at the block level, this work, to the best of our knowledge, is the
first one that addresses the allocation of video quality and memory traffic at
the frame level. For lossy EC, a main difficulty of its application lies in the
error propagation from quality degradation of reference frames. Instinctively,
it is preferred to perform more lossy EC in non-reference frames to minimize
the quality loss. The analysis and experiments in this paper, however, will
show lossy EC should actually be distributed to more frames. Correspondingly,
for hierarchical-B GOPs, we developed an efficient allocation that outperforms
the non-reference-only allocation by up to 4.5 dB in PSNR. In comparison, the
proposed allocation also delivers more consistent quality between frames by
having lower PSNR fluctuation.


title:
Feedback Between Motion and Sensation Provides Nonlinear Boost in
  Run-and-tumble Navigation

abstract:
  Many organisms navigate gradients by alternating straight motions (runs) with
random reorientations (tumbles), transiently suppressing tumbles whenever
attractant signal increases. This induces a functional coupling between
movement and sensation, since tumbling probability is controlled by the
internal state of the organism which, in turn, depends on previous signal
levels. Although a negative feedback tends to maintain this internal state
close to adapted levels, positive feedback can arise when motion up the
gradient reduces tumbling probability, further boosting drift up the gradient.
Importantly, such positive feedback can drive large fluctuations in the
internal state, complicating analytical approaches. Previous studies focused on
what happens when the negative feedback dominates the dynamics. By contrast, we
show here that there is a large portion of physiologically-relevant parameter
space where the positive feedback can dominate, even when gradients are
relatively shallow. We demonstrate how large transients emerge because of
non-normal dynamics (non-orthogonal eigenvectors near a stable fixed point)
inherent in the positive feedback, and further identify a fundamental
nonlinearity that strongly amplifies their effect. Most importantly, this
amplification is asymmetric, elongating runs in favorable directions and
abbreviating others. The result is a "ratchet-like" gradient climbing behavior
with drift speeds that can approach half the maximum run speed of the organism.
Our results thus show that the classical drawback of run-and-tumble navigation
--- wasteful runs in the wrong direction --- can be mitigated by exploiting the
non-normal dynamics implicit in the run-and-tumble strategy.


title:
Equivalent linearization finds nonzero frequency corrections beyond
  first order

abstract:
  We show that the equivalent linearization technique, when used properly,
enables us to calculate frequency corrections of weakly nonlinear oscillators
beyond the first order in nonlinearity. We illustrate the method by applying it
to the conservative anharmonic oscillators and the nonconservative van der Pol
oscillator that are respectively paradigmatic systems for modeling center-type
oscillatory states and limit cycle type oscillatory states. The choice of these
systems is also prompted by the fact that first order frequency corrections may
vanish for both these types of oscillators, thereby rendering the calculation
of the higher order corrections rather important. The method presented herein
is very general in nature and, hence, in principle applicable to any arbitrary
periodic oscillator.


title:
Detecting spectrally localized components of lunar tide-frequency in
  time-series of the electric field vertical component of the earth atmosphere
  boundary layer

abstract:
  Using the signal eigenvectors and components analyser (Grunskaya L.V.,
Isakevich V.V., Isakevich D.V. the RF Utility Model Patent 116242 of
30.09.2011) made it possible to detect non-coherent complex-period components
localized at lunar tide frequencies in the time-series of the electric field
vertical component of the Earth atmosphere boundary layer. The detected
components are unobservable by means of spectral analysis quadrature scheme.
The probability of the detected effects being pseudo-estimates is not more than
0.00025


title:
Implementation of linear detection techniques to overcome channel
  effects in MIMO

abstract:
  Spatial diversity technique enables improvement in quality and reliability of
wireless link. Antenna diversity along with understanding effects of channel on
transmitted signal and methods to overcome the channel impairment plays an
important role in wireless communication where sharing of channel occurs
between users. In this paper single input single output system (SISO) is
compared with multiple input multiple output system (MIMO) in terms of bit
error rate performance. Bit error rate performance is also evaluated for MIMO
with least squares (LS) and Minimum mean square error (MMSE) linear detection.
Further analysis and simulation is done to understand the effect of channel
imperfections on BER.


title: From Hammersley's lines to Hammersley's trees

abstract:
  We construct a stationary random tree, embedded in the upper half plane, with
prescribed offspring distribution and whose vertices are the atoms of a unit
Poisson point process. This process which we call Hammersley's tree process
extends the usual Hammersley's line process. Just as Hammersley's process is
related to the problem of the longest increasing subsequence, this model also
has a combinatorial interpretation: it counts the number of heaps (i.e.
increasing trees) required to store a random permutation. This problem was
initially considered by Byers et. al (2011) and Istrate and Bonchis (2015) in
the case of regular trees. We show, in particular, that the number of heaps
grows logarithmically with the size of the permutation.


title:
Creation and counting of defects in a temperature quenched Bose-Einstein
  Condensate

abstract:
  We study the spontaneous formation of defects in the order parameter of a
trapped ultracold bosonic gas while crossing the critical temperature for
Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) at different rates. The system has the shape
of an elongated ellipsoid, whose transverse width can be varied to explore
dimensionality effects. For slow enough temperature quenches we find a
power-law scaling of the average defect number with the quench rate, as
predicted by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. A breakdown of such a scaling is found
for fast quenches, leading to a saturation of the average defect number. We
suggest an explanation for this saturation in terms of the mutual interactions
among defects.


title:
Calculation of Beam Propagation through a Defected or a Misaligned
  Two-Lens System

abstract:
  An inadvertent or unwanted angular deviation to a passing beam can be
introduced by any single optical component within an optical system. The
problem arises due to an imperfect tilt alignment of the optical component or
manufacturing defects which results in a slightly different response than
expected from an ideally aligned/manufactured component. The resulting beam
deviation can plague any well-designed optical system that assumes the use of
ideal components. The problem is especially introduced by non-ideal lenses,
transparent plates and optical windows. Here we present a simple method of
manually introducing a deviation error angle which we assume to be constant for
all beam incidence angles over the paraxial range.


title:
Nonlinear looped band structure of Bose-Einstein condensates in an
  optical lattice

abstract:
  We study experimentally the stability of excited, interacting states of
bosons in a double-well optical lattice in regimes where the nonlinear
interactions are expected to induce "swallowtail" looped band structure. By
carefully preparing different initial coherent states and observing their
subsequent decay, we observe distinct decay rates that provide direct evidence
for multivalued, looped band structure. The double well lattice both stabilizes
the looped band structure and allows for dynamic preparation of different
initial states, including states within the loop structure. We confirm our
state preparation procedure with dynamic Gross-Pitaevskii calculations. The
excited loop states are found to be more stable than dynamically unstable
ground states, but decay faster than expected based on a mean-field stability
calculation, indicating the importance of correlations beyond a mean field
description.


title:
Planck intermediate results. XLVI. Reduction of large-scale systematic
  effects in HFI polarization maps and estimation of the reionization optical
  depth

abstract:
  This paper describes the identification, modelling, and removal of previously
unexplained systematic effects in the polarization data of the Planck High
Frequency Instrument (HFI) on large angular scales, including new mapmaking and
calibration procedures, new and more complete end-to-end simulations, and a set
of robust internal consistency checks on the resulting maps. These maps, at
100, 143, 217, and 353 GHz, are early versions of those that will be released
in final form later in 2016.
  The improvements allow us to determine the cosmic reionization optical depth
$\tau$ using, for the first time, the low-multipole $EE$ data from HFI,
reducing significantly the central value and uncertainty, and hence the upper
limit. Two different likelihood procedures are used to constrain $\tau$ from
two estimators of the CMB $E$- and $B$-mode angular power spectra at 100 and
143 GHz, after debiasing the spectra from a small remaining systematic
contamination. These all give fully consistent results.
  A further consistency test is performed using cross-correlations derived from
the Low Frequency Instrument maps of the Planck 2015 data release and the new
HFI data. For this purpose, end-to-end analyses of systematic effects from the
two instruments are used to demonstrate the near independence of their dominant
systematic error residuals.
  The tightest result comes from the HFI-based $\tau$ posterior distribution
using the maximum likelihood power spectrum estimator from $EE$ data only,
giving a value $0.055\pm 0.009$. In a companion paper these results are
discussed in the context of the best-fit Planck $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model
and recent models of reionization.


title: Factorization of 3-point static structure functions in 3D Yukawa liquids

abstract:
  In many-body systems the convolution approximation states that the 3-point
static structure function, $S^{(3)}(\textbf{k}_{1},\textbf{k}_{2})$, can
approximately be "factorized" in terms of the 2-point counterpart,
$S^{(2)}(\textbf{k}_{1})$. We investigate the validity of this approximation in
3-dimensional strongly-coupled Yukawa liquids: the factorization is tested for
specific arrangements of the wave vectors $\textbf{k}_{1}$ and
$\textbf{k}_{2}$, with molecular dynamics simulations. With the increase of the
coupling parameter we find a breakdown of factorization, of which a notable
example is the appearance of negative values of
$S^{(3)}(\textbf{k}_{1},\textbf{k}_{2})$, whereas the approximate factorized
form is restricted to positive values. These negative values -- based on the
quadratic Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem -- imply that the quadratic part of
the density response of the system changes sign with wave number. Our
simulations that incorporate an external potential energy perturbation clearly
confirm this behavior.


title: Region-Based Borsuk-Ulam Theorem and Wired Friend Theorem

abstract:
  This paper introduces a string-based extension of the Borsuk-Ulam Theorem
(denoted by strBUT). A string is a region with zero width and either bounded or
unbounded length on the surface of an $n$-sphere or a region of a normed linear
space. In this work, an $n$-sphere surface is covered by a collection of
strings. For a strongly proximal continuous function on an $n$-sphere into
$n$-dimensional Euclidean space, there exists a pair of antipodal $n$-sphere
strings with matching descriptions that map into Euclidean space
$\mathbb{R}^n$. Each region $M$ of a string-covered $n$-sphere is a worldsheet.
For a strongly proximal continuous mapping from a worldsheet-covered $n$-sphere
to $\mathbb{R}^n$, strongly near antipodal worldsheets map into the same region
in $\mathbb{R}^n$. This leads to a wired friend theorem in descriptive string
theory. An application of strBUT is given in terms of the evaluation of
Electroencephalography (EEG) patterns.


title: Reconstruction of electromagnetic field states by a probe qubit

abstract:
  We propose a method to measure the quantum state of a single mode of the
electromagnetic field. The method is based on the interaction of the field with
a probe qubit. The qubit polarizations along coordinate axes are functions of
the interaction time and from their Fourier transform we can in general fully
reconstruct pure states of the field and obtain partial information in the case
of mixed states. The method is illustrated by several examples, including the
superposition of Fock states, coherent states, and exotic states generated by
the dynamical Casimir effect.


title: An efficient K-means algorithm for Massive Data

abstract:
  Due to the progressive growth of the amount of data available in a wide
variety of scientific fields, it has become more difficult to ma- nipulate and
analyze such information. Even though datasets have grown in size, the K-means
algorithm remains as one of the most popular clustering methods, in spite of
its dependency on the initial settings and high computational cost, especially
in terms of distance computations. In this work, we propose an efficient
approximation to the K-means problem intended for massive data. Our approach
recursively partitions the entire dataset into a small number of sub- sets,
each of which is characterized by its representative (center of mass) and
weight (cardinality), afterwards a weighted version of the K-means algorithm is
applied over such local representation, which can drastically reduce the number
of distances computed. In addition to some theoretical properties, experimental
results indicate that our method outperforms well-known approaches, such as the
K-means++ and the minibatch K-means, in terms of the relation between number of
distance computations and the quality of the approximation.


title:
Bifurcations and singularities for coupled oscillators with inertia and
  frustration

abstract:
  We prove that any non zero inertia, however small, is able to change the
nature of the synchronization transition in Kuramoto-like models, either from
continuous to discontinuous, or from discontinuous to continuous. This result
is obtained through an unstable manifold expansion in the spirit of J.D.
Crawford, which features singularities in the vicinity of the bifurcation. Far
from being unwanted artifacts, these singularities actually control the
qualitative behavior of the system. Our numerical tests fully support this
picture.


title: Energy Shaping Control of an Inverted Flexible Pendulum Fixed to a Cart

abstract:
  Control of compliant mechanical systems is increasingly being researched for
several applications including flexible link robots and ultra-precision
positioning systems. The control problem in these systems is challenging,
especially with gravity coupling and large deformations, because of inherent
underactuation and the combination of lumped and distributed parameters of a
nonlinear system. In this paper we consider an ultra-flexible inverted pendulum
on a cart and propose a new nonlinear energy shaping controller to keep the
pendulum at the upward position with the cart stopped at a desired location.
The design is based on a model, obtained via the constrained Lagrange
formulation, which previously has been validated experimentally. The controller
design consists of a partial feedback linearization step followed by a standard
PID controller acting on two passive outputs. Boundedness of all signals and
(local) asymptotic stability of the desired equilibrium is theoretically
established. Simulations and experimental evidence assess the performance of
the proposed controller.


title:
Target shape dependence in a simple model of receptor-mediated
  endocytosis and phagocytosis

abstract:
  Phagocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis are vitally important particle
uptake mechanisms in many cell types, ranging from single-cell organisms to
immune cells. In both processes, engulfment by the cell depends critically on
both particle shape and orientation. However, most previous theoretical work
has focused only on spherical particles and hence disregards the wide-ranging
particle shapes occurring in nature, such as those of bacteria. Here, by
implementing a simple model in one and two dimensions, we compare and contrast
receptor-mediated endocytosis and phagocytosis for a range of biologically
relevant shapes, including spheres, ellipsoids, capped cylinders, and
hourglasses. We find a whole range of different engulfment behaviors with some
ellipsoids engulfing faster than spheres, and that phagocytosis is able to
engulf a greater range of target shapes than other types of endocytosis.
Further, the 2D model can explain why some nonspherical particles engulf
fastest (not at all) when presented to the membrane tip-first (lying flat). Our
work reveals how some bacteria may avoid being internalized simply because of
their shape, and suggests shapes for optimal drug delivery.


title: The first observation of an intermediate flare from SGR 1935+2154

abstract:
  We report on the bright burst detected by four Interplanetary network (IPN)
spacecraft on 2015 April 12. The IPN localization of the source is consistent
with the position of the recently discovered soft gamma-repeater SGR 1935+2154.
From the Konus-Wind (KW) observation, we derive temporal and spectral
parameters of the emission, and the burst energetics. The rather long duration
of the burst ($\sim$1.7 s) and the large measured energy fluence
($\sim2.5\times10^{-5}$ erg cm$^{-2}$) put it in the class of rare
"intermediate" SGR flares, and this is the first one observed from SGR
1935+2154. A search for quasi-periodic oscillations in the KW light curve
yields no statistically significant signal. Of four spectral models tested,
optically thin thermal bremsstrahlung and a single blackbody (BB) function can
be rejected on statistical grounds; two more complex models, a cutoff power law
(CPL) and a sum of two BB functions (2BB), fit the burst spectra well and
neither of them may be ruled out by the KW observation. The CPL and 2BB model
parameters we report for this bright flare are typical of SGRs; they are also
consistent with those obtained from observations of much weaker and shorter SGR
1935+2154 bursts with other instruments. From the distribution of double
blackbody spectral fit parameters we estimate the SGR 1935+2154 distance to be
$<$10.0 kpc, in agreement with that of the Galactic supernova remnant G57.2+0.8
at 9.1 kpc.


title: Upper tails for arithmetic progressions in a random set

abstract:
  Let $X_k$ denote the number of $k$-term arithmetic progressions in a random
subset of $\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z}$ or $\{1, \dots, N\}$ where every element is
included independently with probability $p$. We determine the asymptotics of
$\log \mathbb{P}(X_k \ge (1+\delta) \mathbb{E} X_k)$ (also known as the large
deviation rate) where $p \to 0$ with $p \ge N^{-c_k}$ for some constant $c_k >
0$, which answers a question of Chatterjee and Dembo. The proofs rely on the
recent nonlinear large deviation principle of Eldan, which improved on earlier
results of Chatterjee and Dembo. Our results complement those of Warnke, who
used completely different methods to estimate, for the full range of $p$, the
large deviation rate up to a constant factor.


title: Bootstrap percolation on G(n,p) revisited

abstract:
  Bootstrap percolation on a graph with infection threshold $r\in \mathbb{N}$
is an infection process, which starts from a set of initially infected vertices
and in each step every vertex with at least $r$ infected neighbours becomes
infected. We consider bootstrap percolation on the binomial random graph
$G(n,p)$, which was investigated among others by Janson, \L uczak, Turova and
Valier (2012). We improve their results by strengthening the probability bounds
for the number of infected vertices at the end of the process.


title: Asymptotics of Insensitive Load Balancing and Blocking Phases

abstract:
  We address the problem of giving robust performance bounds based on the study
of the asymptotic behavior of the insensitive load balancing schemes when the
number of servers and the load scales jointly. These schemes have the desirable
property that the stationary distribution of the resulting stochastic network
depends on the distribution of job sizes only through its mean. It was shown
that they give good estimates of performance indicators for systems with finite
buffers, generalizing henceforth Erlang's formula whereas optimal policies are
already theoretically and computationally out of reach for networks of moderate
size. We study a single class of traffic acting on a symmetric set of processor
sharing queues with finite buffers and we consider the case where the load
scales with the number of servers. We characterize central limit theorems and
large deviations, the response of symmetric systems under those schemes at
different scales and show that three amplitudes of deviations can be
identified. A central limit scaling takes place for a sub-critical load; for
$\rho=1$, the number of free servers scales like $n^{ {\theta \over \theta+1}}$
($\theta$ being the buffer depth and $n$ being the number of servers) and is of
order 1 for super-critical loads. This further implies the existence of
different phases for the blocking probability, Before a (refined) critical load
$\rho_c(n)=1-a n^{- {\theta \over \theta+1}}$, the blocking is exponentially
small and becomes of order $ n^{- {\theta \over \theta+1}}$ at $\rho_c(n)$.
This generalizes the well-known Quality and Efficiency Driven (QED) regime or
Halfin-Whitt regime for a one-dimensional queue, and leads to a generalized
staffing rule for a given target blocking probability.


title:
Latent heat at the first order phase transition point of SU(3) gauge
  theory

abstract:
  We calculate the energy gap (latent heat) and pressure gap between the hot
and cold phases of the SU(3) gauge theory at the first order deconfining phase
transition point. We perform simulations around the phase transition point with
the lattice size in the temporal direction Nt=6, 8 and 12 and extrapolate the
results to the continuum limit. We also investigate the spatial volume
dependence. The energy density and pressure are evaluated by the derivative
method with non-perturabative anisotropy coefficients. We adopt a multi-point
reweighting method to determine the anisotropy coefficients. We confirm that
the anisotropy coefficients approach the perturbative values as Nt increases.
We find that the pressure gap vanishes at all values of Nt when the
non-perturbative anisotropy coefficients are used. The spatial volume
dependence in the latent heat is found to be small on large lattices.
Performing extrapolation to the continuum limit, we obtain $ \Delta
\epsilon/T^4 = 0.75 \pm 0.17 $ and $ \Delta (\epsilon -3 p)/T^4 = 0.623 \pm
0.056.$


title:
Reply to Comment on "Anomalous Discontinuity at the Percolation Critical
  Point of Active Gels"

abstract:
  In this reply we discuss definition and estimation of the Fisher exponent in
the no-enclaves percolation (NEP) model.


title: Upper bounds for geodesic periods over hyperbolic manifolds

abstract:
  We prove an upper bound for geodesic periods of Maass forms over hyperbolic
manifolds. By definition, such periods are integrals of Maass forms restricted
to a special geodesic cycle of the ambient manifold, against a Maass form on
the cycle. Under certain restrictions, the bound will be uniform.