title: L\'evy flights due to anisotropic disorder in graphene

abstract:
  We study transport properties of graphene with anisotropically distributed
on-site impurities (adatoms) that are randomly placed on every third line drawn
along carbon bonds. We show that stripe states characterized by strongly
suppressed back-scattering are formed in this model in the direction of the
lines. The system reveals L\'evy-flight transport in stripe direction such that
the corresponding conductivity increases as the square root of the system
length. Thus, adding this type of disorder to clean graphene near the Dirac
point strongly enhances the conductivity, which is in stark contrast with a
fully random distribution of on-site impurities which leads to Anderson
localization. The effect is demonstrated both by numerical simulations using
the Kwant code and by an analytical theory based on the self-consistent
$T$-matrix approximation.


title: The Diversity of Thick Galactic Discs

abstract:
  Although thick stellar discs are detected in nearly all edge-on disc
galaxies, their formation scenarios still remain a matter of debate. Due to
observational difficulties, there is a lack of information about their stellar
populations. Using the Russian 6-m telescope BTA we collected deep spectra of
thick discs in three edge-on S0-a disc galaxies located in different
environments: NGC4111 in a dense group, NGC4710 in the Virgo cluster, and
NGC5422 in a sparse group. We see intermediate age (4-5 Gyr) metal rich ([Fe/H]
$\sim$ -0.2 - 0.0 dex) stellar populations in NGC4111 and NGC4710. On the other
hand, NGC5422 does not harbour young stars, its disc is thick and old (10 Gyr),
without evidence for a second component, and its $\alpha$-element abundance
suggests a 1.5-2 Gyr long formation epoch implying its formation at high
redshift. Our results suggest the diversity of thick disc formation scenarios.


title: Mutual Transformation of Information and Knowledge

abstract:
  Information and knowledge are transformable into each other. Information
transformation into knowledge by the example of rule generation from OWL (Web
Ontology Language) ontology has been shown during the development of the SWES
(Semantic Web Expert System). The SWES is expected as an expert system for
searching OWL ontologies from the Web, generating rules from the found
ontologies and supplementing the SWES knowledge base with these rules. The
purpose of this paper is to show knowledge transformation into information by
the example of ontology generation from rules.


title: Cosmic Visions Dark Energy: Science

abstract:
  Cosmic surveys provide crucial information about high energy physics
including strong evidence for dark energy, dark matter, and inflation. Ongoing
and upcoming surveys will start to identify the underlying physics of these new
phenomena, including tight constraints on the equation of state of dark energy,
the viability of modified gravity, the existence of extra light species, the
masses of the neutrinos, and the potential of the field that drove inflation.
Even after the Stage IV experiments, DESI and LSST, complete their surveys,
there will still be much information left in the sky. This additional
information will enable us to understand the physics underlying the dark
universe at an even deeper level and, in case Stage IV surveys find hints for
physics beyond the current Standard Model of Cosmology, to revolutionize our
current view of the universe. There are many ideas for how best to supplement
and aid DESI and LSST in order to access some of this remaining information and
how surveys beyond Stage IV can fully exploit this regime. These ideas flow to
potential projects that could start construction in the 2020's.


title:
Surrogate modelling for stochastic dynamical systems by combining NARX
  models and polynomial chaos expansions

abstract:
  The application of polynomial chaos expansions (PCEs) to the propagation of
uncertainties in stochastic dynamical models is well-known to face challenging
issues. The accuracy of PCEs degenerates quickly in time. Thus maintaining a
sufficient level of long term accuracy requires the use of high-order
polynomials. In numerous cases, it is even infeasible to obtain accurate
metamodels with regular PCEs due to the fact that PCEs cannot represent the
dynamics. To overcome the problem, an original numerical approach was recently
proposed that combines PCEs and non-linear autoregressive with exogenous input
(NARX) models, which are a universal tool in the field of system
identification. The approach relies on using NARX models to mimic the dynamical
behaviour of the system and dealing with the uncertainties using PCEs. The
PC-NARX model was built by means of heuristic genetic algorithms. This paper
aims at introducing the least angle regression (LAR) technique for computing
PC-NARX models, which consists in solving two linear regression problems. The
proposed approach is validated with structural mechanics case studies, in which
uncertainties arising from both structures and excitations are taken into
account. Comparison with Monte Carlo simulation and regular PCEs is also
carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


title: Generating series for GUE correlators

abstract:
  We extend to the Toda lattice hierarchy the approach of [3, 4] to computation
of logarithmic derivatives of tau-functions in terms of the so-called matrix
resolvents of the corresponding differ- ence Lax operator. As a particular
application we obtain explicit generating series for connected GUE correlators.
On this basis an efficient recursive procedure for computing the correlators in
full genera is developed.


title:
On a Simultaneous Approach to the Even and Odd Truncated Matricial
  Stieltjes Moment Problem II. An $\alpha$-Schur-Stieltjes-type algorithm for
  sequences of holomorphic matrix-valued functions

abstract:
  The main goal of this paper is to achieve a simultaneous treatment of the
even and odd truncated matricial Stieltjes moment problems in the most general
case. These results are generalizations of results of Chen and Hu [5,17] which
considered the particular case $\alpha=0$. Our approach is based on Schur
analysis methods. More precisely, we use two interrelated versions of
Schur-type algorithms, namely an algebraic one and a function-theoretic one.
The algebraic version was worked out in a former paper of the authors. It is an
algorithm which is applied to finite or infinite sequences of complex matrices.
The construction and investigation of the function-theoretic version of our
Schur-type algorithm is a central theme of this paper. This algorithm will be
applied to relevant subclasses of holomorphic matrix-valued functions of the
Stieltjes class. Using recent results on the holomorphicity of the
Moore-Penrose inverse of matrix-valued Stieltjes functions, we obtain a
complete description of the solution set of the moment problem under
consideration in the most general situation.


title: A shape evolution model under affine transformations

abstract:
  In this note we describe a discrete dynamical system acting on the similarity
classes of a plane convex body within the affine class of the body. We find
invariant elements in all affine classes, and describe the orbits of bodies in
some special classes. We point out applications with abrasion processes of
pebble shapes.


title:
Phase transition for the Once-reinforced random walk on
  $\mathbb{Z}^d$-like trees

abstract:
  In this short paper, we consider the Once-reinforced random walk with
reinforcement parameter $a$ on trees with bounded degree which are transient
for the simple random walk. On each of these trees, we prove that there exists
an explicit critical parameter $a_0$ such that the Once-reinforced random walk
is almost surely recurrent if $a>a_0$ and almost surely transient if $a<a_0$.
This provides the first examples of phase transition for the Once-reinforced
random walk.


title:
Saturation of Nuclear Matter and Roles of Many-Body Forces: nuclear
  matter in neutron stars probed by nucleus-nucleus scattering

abstract:
  Yoichiro Nambu put a great foot print in nuclear physics in the era of its
fundamental developments including his pioneering insight into essential
ingredients of repulsive core of nuclear force and its relation to the
saturation of nuclear matter. The present review article focuses onto recent
developments of the interaction models between colliding nuclei in terms of
Brueckner's G-matrix theory staring from realistic nuclear forces and the
saturation property of symmetric nuclear matter as well as neutron-star matter.
A recently proposed unique scenario of extracting the saturation property of
nuclear matter and stiffness of neutron stars through the analysis of
nucleus-nucleus elastic scattering in laboratories is presented in some detail.


title:
Relativistic corrections to the pair $B_c$-meson production in $e^+e^-$
  annihilation

abstract:
  Relativistic corrections to the pair $B_c$-meson production in
$e^+e^-$-annihilation are calculated. We investigate a production of pair
pseudoscalar, vector and pseudoscalar+vector $B_c$-mesons in the leading order
perturbative quantum chromodynamics and relativistic quark model. Relativistic
expressions of the pair production cross sections are obtained. Their numerical
evaluation shows that relativistic effects in the production amplitudes and
bound state wave functions three times reduce nonrelativistic results at the
center-of-mass energy s=22 GeV.


title: The Big Match in Small Space

abstract:
  In this paper we study how to play (stochastic) games optimally using little
space. We focus on repeated games with absorbing states, a type of two-player,
zero-sum concurrent mean-payoff games. The prototypical example of these games
is the well known Big Match of Gillete (1957). These games may not allow
optimal strategies but they always have {\epsilon}-optimal strategies. In this
paper we design {\epsilon}-optimal strategies for Player 1 in these games that
use only O(log log T ) space. Furthermore, we construct strategies for Player 1
that use space s(T), for an arbitrary small unbounded non-decreasing function
s, and which guarantee an {\epsilon}-optimal value for Player 1 in the limit
superior sense. The previously known strategies use space {\Omega}(logT) and it
was known that no strategy can use constant space if it is {\epsilon}-optimal
even in the limit superior sense. We also give a complementary lower bound.
Furthermore, we also show that no Markov strategy, even extended with finite
memory, can ensure value greater than 0 in the Big Match, answering a question
posed by Abraham Neyman.


title: Reaction-diffusion waves of blood coagulation

abstract:
  One of the main characteristics of blood coagulation is the speed of clot
growth. This parameter strongly depends on the speed of propagation of the
thrombin concentration in blood plasma. In the current work we consider
mathematical model of the coagulation cascade and study the existence,
stability and speed of propagation of the reaction-diffusion waves of blood
coagulation. We also develop a simplified one equation model that describes the
main features of the thrombin wave propagation. For this equation we estimate
the wave speed analytically. The resulting formulas give a good approximation
for the speed of wave propagation in a more complex model as well as for the
experimental data.


title:
Dynamical analysis of interacting dark energy model in the framework of
  particle creation mechanism

abstract:
  In this work we present the cosmological dynamics of interacting dark energy
models in the framework of particle creation mechanism. The particle creation
mechanism presented here describes the true non equilibrium thermodynamics of
the universe. In spatially flat Friedmann-Lema{\^\i}tre-Robertson-Walker
universe considered here, the dissipative bulk viscous pressure is due to the
non conservation of particle number. For simplicity, we assume that the
creation of perfect fluid particles to be isentropic (adiabatic) and
consequently the viscous pressure obeys a linear relationship with particle
creation rate. Due to complicated nature of the Einstein's field equations,
dynamical systems analysis has been performed to understand deeply about the
cosmological dynamics. We have found some interesting cosmological scenarios
like late-time evolution of universe dominated by dark energy which could mimic
quintessence, cosmological constant or phantom field through a dark matter
dominated era. We also obtained a possibility of crossing the phantom divide
line which is favored by observations.


title: Atypical viral dynamics from transport through popular places

abstract:
  The flux of visitors through popular places undoubtedly influences viral
spreading -- from H1N1 and Zika viruses spreading through physical spaces such
as airports, to rumors and ideas spreading though online spaces such as
chatrooms and social media. However there is a lack of understanding of the
types of viral dynamics that can result. Here we present a minimal dynamical
model which focuses on the time-dependent interplay between the {\em mobility
through} and the {\em occupancy of} such spaces. Our generic model permits
analytic analysis while producing a rich diversity of infection profiles in
terms of their shapes, durations, and intensities. The general features of
these theoretical profiles compare well to real-world data of recent social
contagion phenomena.


title: Online Influence Maximization in Non-Stationary Social Networks

abstract:
  Social networks have been popular platforms for information propagation. An
important use case is viral marketing: given a promotion budget, an advertiser
can choose some influential users as the seed set and provide them free or
discounted sample products; in this way, the advertiser hopes to increase the
popularity of the product in the users' friend circles by the world-of-mouth
effect, and thus maximizes the number of users that information of the
production can reach. There has been a body of literature studying the
influence maximization problem. Nevertheless, the existing studies mostly
investigate the problem on a one-off basis, assuming fixed known influence
probabilities among users, or the knowledge of the exact social network
topology. In practice, the social network topology and the influence
probabilities are typically unknown to the advertiser, which can be varying
over time, i.e., in cases of newly established, strengthened or weakened social
ties. In this paper, we focus on a dynamic non-stationary social network and
design a randomized algorithm, RSB, based on multi-armed bandit optimization,
to maximize influence propagation over time. The algorithm produces a sequence
of online decisions and calibrates its explore-exploit strategy utilizing
outcomes of previous decisions. It is rigorously proven to achieve an
upper-bounded regret in reward and applicable to large-scale social networks.
Practical effectiveness of the algorithm is evaluated using both synthetic and
real-world datasets, which demonstrates that our algorithm outperforms previous
stationary methods under non-stationary conditions.


title:
The Influence of the Shear on the Gravitational Waves in the Early
  Anisotropic Universe

abstract:
  We study the singularity of the congruences for both timelike and null
geodesic curves using the expansion of the early anisotropic Bianchi type I
Universe. In this paper, we concentrate on the influence of the shear of the
timelike and null geodesic congruences in the early Universe. Under some
natural conditions, we derive the Raychaudhuri type equation for the expansion
and the shear-related equations. Recently, scientists working on the LIGO
(Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory) have shown many
possibilities to observing the anisotropy of the primordial gravitational wave
background radiation. We deduce the evolution equation for the shear that may
be responsible for those observational results.


title:
Optimal width of quasi-crystalline slabs of dielectric cylinders to
  light transmission contrast

abstract:
  Light confinement induced by resonant states in aperiodic photonic structures
are interesting for many applications. A particular case of these resonances
can be found in 2D quasi-crystalline arrangements of dielectric cylinders.
These systems present a rather isotropic band gap as well as isolated in-gap
photonic states (as a result of spatially localized resonances). These states
are built by high symmetry polygonal clusters that can be regarded as photonic
molecules. In this paper we study the transmission properties of a slab of
glass cylinders arranged in approximants of decagonal quasi-crystalline
structure. In particular, we investigate the influence of the slab width in the
transmission contrast between the states and the gap. The study is both
experimental and numerical in the microwave regime. We find that the best
transmission contrast is found for a width of around 3 times the radiation
wavelength. The transmission at the band gap region is mediated by the
resonances of the photonic molecules. If the samples are thin enough they
become transparent except around a resonance of the photonic molecule which
reflects the incoming light. In this case the behavior is reminiscent of an
absorbing molecule.


title:
Low-energy hadronic cross sections measurements at BaBar, and
  implication for the g-2 of the muon

abstract:
  The BaBar Collaboration has an intensive program studying the cross sections
of hadron production in low-energy e+e- annihilation, accessible via
initial-state radiation. Our measurements allow a significant improvement in
the precision of the predicted value of the muon anomalous magnetic moment.
These improvements are necessary for shedding light on the current > 3 sigma
difference between the predicted and the experimental values. We have published
results on a number of processes with two to six hadrons in the final state,
and other final states are currently under investigation. We report here on the
most recent results obtained by analysing the entire Babar dataset.


title: Ozy: A General Orchestration Container

abstract:
  Service-Oriented Computing is a paradigm that uses services as building
blocks for building distributed applications. The primary motivation for
orchestrating services in the cloud used to be distributed business processes,
which drove the standardization of the Business Process Execution Language
(BPEL) and its central notion that a service is a business process. In recent
years, there has been a transition towards other motivations for orchestrating
services in the cloud, {\em e.g.}, XaaS, RMAD. Although it is theoretically
possible to make all of those services into WSDL/SOAP services, it would be too
complicated and costly for industry adoption. Therefore, the central notion
that a service is a business process is too restrictive. Instead, we view a
service as a technology neutral, loosely coupled, location transparent
procedure. With these ideas in mind, we introduce a new approach to services
orchestration: Ozy, a general orchestration container. We define this new
approach in terms of existing technology, and we show that the Ozy container
relaxes many traditional constraints and allows for simpler, more feature-rich
applications.


title:
On Liouville type theorems for the steady Navier-Stokes equations in
  $\Bbb R^3$

abstract:
  In this paper we prove three different Liouville type theorems for the steady
Navier-Stokes equations in $\Bbb R^3$. In the first theorem we improve
logarithmically the well-known $L^{\frac92} (\Bbb R^3)$ result. In the second
theorem we present a sufficient condition for the trivially of the
solution($v=0$) in terms of the head pressure, $Q=\frac12 |v|^2 +p$. The
imposed integrability condition here has the same scaling property as the
Dirichlet integral. In the last theorem we present Fubini type condition, which
guarantee $v=0$.


title: Counterexamples to a conjecture of Woods

abstract: A conjecture of Woods from 1972 is disproved.


title:
Molecular structure and reversible photodegradation in anthraquinone
  dyes

abstract:
  Reversible photodegradation is a process that has been observed in several
dye molecules, but the underlying mechanisms are not still well understood. In
this contribution, we characterize a series of anthraquinone dyes to determine
how self-healing depends on molecular structure. Past studies have used probing
techniques that rely on linear absorption, two-photon fluorescence, and
amplified spontaneous emission. Each of these probes provide an indirect
measure of the populations of the damaged and undamaged species, requiring
calibrations or assumptions to be made that might affect the accuracy of the
results. The present studies use fluorescence as a probe, which is shown to
directly measure the undamaged population. It is found that certain
anthraquinone classes share common structural features that are associated with
self healing. Furthermore, the time and temperature dependence of
photodegradation and self-healing is found to be consistent with the domain
model of self healing.


title:
Estimating of the number of natural solutions of homogeneous algebraic
  Diophantine diagonal equations with integer coefficients

abstract:
  Author developed a method in the paper, which, unlike the circle method of
Hardy and Littlewood (CM), allows you to perform a lower estimate for the
number of natural (integer) solutions of algebraic Diophantine equation with
integer coefficients. It was found the lower estimate of the number of natural
solutions to various types of homogeneous algebraic Diophantine equations with
integer coefficients diagonal form with any number of variables using this
method. Author obtained upper bound of the number of the natural solutions
(using CM) of one type of homogeneous Diophantine equation for values $k \geq
\log_2 s$, where $k$ is the degree of the equation and $s$ is the number of
variables. It was also found the upper bound of the number of the natural
solutions of the homogeneous algebraic Diophantine equation with integer
coefficients with a small number of variables. Author investigated the
relations of upper and lower estimates of the number of natural solutions of
homogeneous Diophantine equation with integer coefficients diagonal form in the
paper.


title:
The different origins of magnetic fields and activity in the Hertzsprung
  gap stars, OU Andromedae and 31 Comae

abstract:
  Context: When crossing the Hertzsprung gap, intermediate-mass stars develop a
convective envelope. Fast rotators on the main sequence, or Ap star
descendants, are expected to become magnetic active subgiants during this
evolutionary phase. Aims: We compare the surface magnetic fields and activity
indicators of two active, fast rotating red giants with similar masses and
spectral class but diferent rotation rates - OU And (Prot=24.2 d) and 31 Com
(Prot=6.8 d) - to address the question of the origin of their magnetism and
high activity.
  Methods: Observations were carried out with the Narval spectropolarimeter in
2008 and 2013.We used the least squares deconvolution technique to extract
Stokes V and I profiles to detect Zeeman signatures of the magnetic field of
the stars. We provide Zeeman-Doppler imaging, activity indicator monitoring,
and a precise estimation of stellar parameters. We use stellar evolutionary
models to infer the evolutionary status and the initial rotation velocity on
the main sequence.
  Results: The detected magnetic field of OU And is a strong one. Its
longitudinal component Bl reaches 40 G and presents an about sinusoidal
variation with reversal of the polarity. The magnetic topology of OU And is
dominated by large scale elements and is mainly poloidal with an important
dipole component, and a significant toroidal component. The detected magnetic
field of 31 Com is weaker, with a magnetic map showing a more complex field
geometry, and poloidal and toroidal components of equal contributions. The
evolutionary models show that the progenitors of OU And and 31 Com must have
been rotat
  Conclusions: OU And appears to be the probable descendant of a magnetic Ap
star, and 31 Com the descendant of a relatively fast rotator on the main
sequence.


title:
New Order-Optimal Decentralized Coded Caching Schemes with Good
  Performance in the Finite File Size Regime

abstract:
  A decentralized coded caching scheme based on independent random content
placement has been proposed by Maddah-Ali and Niesen, and has been shown to
achieve an order-optimal memory-load tradeoff when the file size goes to
infinity. It was then successively shown by Shanmugam et al. that in the
practical operating regime where the file size is limited such scheme yields
much less attractive load gain. In this paper, we propose a decentralized
random coded caching scheme and a partially decentralized sequential coded
caching scheme with different coordination requirements in the content
placement phase. The proposed content placement and delivery methods aim at
ensuring abundant coded-multicasting opportunities in the content delivery
phase when the file size is finite. We first analyze the loads of the two
proposed schemes and show that the sequential scheme outperforms the random
scheme in the finite file size regime. We also show that both our proposed
schemes outperform Maddah-Ali--Niesen's and Shanmugam et al.'s decentralized
schemes for finite file size, when the number of users is sufficiently large.
Then, we show that our schemes achieve the same memory-load tradeoff as
Maddah-Ali--Niesen's decentralized scheme when the file size goes to infinity,
and hence are also order optimal. Finally, we analyze the load gains of the two
proposed schemes and characterize the corresponding required file sizes.


title:
Critical fluctuations of the electrical activity of the heart:
  Shortcomings of models of excitability and interpretation

abstract:
  We report unexpected evidence of critical fluctuations of the electric
potential of the heart during atrial fibrillation in humans. Scale invariance
and long range correlations are found, which we show cannot be accounted for
solely with the property of excitability, since disorder emerges by the
formation of chaotic patterns in excitable media. To shed light on the data, we
discuss the hypothesis that, in fact, fibrillation appears through a phase
transition, which we compare on phenomenological grounds to a quenched-in
disorder magnetic transition. We infer that, during propagation of pulses,
random pinning might occur due to random modulation of the gap junction
channels.


title:
$A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ Model for the Lepton Flavor Structure and the
  Strong $CP$ Problem

abstract:
  We present a model with $A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ lepton flavor symmetry which
explains the origin of the lepton flavor structure and also solves the strong
$CP$ problem. Standard model gauge singlet fields, so-called "flavons", charged
under the $A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ symmetry are introduced and are coupled with
the lepton and the Higgs sectors. The flavon vacuum expectation values (VEVs)
trigger spontaneous breaking of the $A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ symmetry. The
breaking pattern of the $A_4$ accounts for the tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing
and the deviation from it due to the non-zero $\theta_{13}$ angle, and the
breaking of the $U(1)_{PQ}$ gives rise to a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson,
axion, whose VEV cancels the QCD $\theta$ term. We investigate the breaking of
the $A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ symmetry through an analysis on the scalar potential
and further discuss the properties of the axion in the model, including its
decay constant, mass and coupling with photons. It is shown that the axion
decay constant is related with the right-handed neutrino mass through the
flavon VEVs. Experimental constraints on the axion and their implications are
also studied.


title:
Fast hyperbolic Radon transform represented as convolutions in log-polar
  coordinates

abstract:
  The hyperbolic Radon transform is a commonly used tool in seismic processing,
for instance in seismic velocity analysis, data interpolation and for multiple
removal. A direct implementation by summation of traces with different moveouts
is computationally expensive for large data sets. In this paper we present a
new method for fast computation of the hyperbolic Radon transforms. It is based
on using a log-polar sampling with which the main computational parts reduce to
computing convolutions. This allows for fast implementations by means of FFT.
In addition to the FFT operations, interpolation procedures are required for
switching between coordinates in the time-offset; Radon; and log-polar domains.
Graphical Processor Units (GPUs) are suitable to use as a computational
platform for this purpose, due to the hardware supported interpolation routines
as well as optimized routines for FFT. Performance tests show large speed-ups
of the proposed algorithm. Hence, it is suitable to use in iterative methods,
and we provide examples for data interpolation and multiple removal using this
approach.


title: Pseudorandom Phase Ensemble and Nonlocal

abstract:
  In this paper, we introduce a new conception of pseudorandom phase ensemble
to simulate a quantum ensemble. A pseudorandom sequence is inseparability and
integral that are demonstrated only for a whole sequence not for a single phase
unit, which is similar to that of quantum ensembles and a quantum particle. By
using the ensemble conception, we demonstrate non-locality properties for
classical fields similar to quantum entanglement.


title: Ultra-precise holographic beam shaping for microscopic quantum control

abstract:
  High-resolution addressing of individual ultracold atoms, trapped ions or
solid state emitters allows for exquisite control in quantum optics
experiments. This becomes possible through large aperture magnifying optics
that project microscopic light patterns with diffraction limited performance.
We use programmable amplitude holograms generated on a digital micromirror
device to create arbitrary microscopic beam shapes with full phase and
amplitude control. The system self-corrects for aberrations of up to several
$\lambda$ and reduces them to $\lambda/50$, leading to light patterns with a
precision on the $10^{-4}$ level. We demonstrate aberration-compensated beam
shaping in an optical lattice experiment and perform single-site addressing in
a quantum gas microscope for $^{87}$Rb.


title: Classical approximations of relativistic quantum physics

abstract:
  A correspondence of classical to quantum physics studied by Schr\"{o}\-dinger
and Ehrenfest applies without the necessity of technical conjecture that
classical observables are associated with Hermitian Hilbert space operators.
This correspondence provides appropriate nonrelativistic classical
interpretations to realizations of relativistic quantum physics that are
incompatible with the canonical formalism. Using this correspondence, Newtonian
mechanics for a $1/r$ potential provides approximations for the dynamics of
nonrelativistic classical particle states within unconstrained quantum field
theory (UQFT).


title: Modelling spatial variations of the speed of light

abstract:
  In this paper we extend a new method to measure possible variation of the
speed of light by using Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and the Hubble function
presented in our earlier paper [V. Salzano, M. P. D\c{a}browski, and R. Lazkoz,
Phys. Rev. D93, 063521 (2016)] onto an inhomogeneous model of the universe. The
method relies on the fact that there is a simple relation between the angular
diameter distance $(D_{A})$ maximum and the Hubble function $(H)$ evaluated at
the same maximum-condition redshift, which includes speed of light $c$. One
limit of such method was the assumption of null spatial curvature (even if we
showed that even a non-zero curvature would have negligible effects). Here, we
move one step further: we explicitly assume a model with intrinsic non-null
curvature, and calculate the exact relation between $D_{A}$ and $H$ in this
case. Then, we evaluate if current or future missions such as SKA can be
sensitive enough to detect any such kind of spatial variation of $c$ which can
perhaps be related to the recently observed spatial variation of the fine
structure constant (an effect known as $\alpha$-dipole).


title: On (k,n)-closed submodules

abstract:
  Let R be a commutative ring with unity and M be an R- module In this paper we
introduce semi n- absorbing and (k, n)-closed submodules of modules over
commutative rings, and investigate their basic properties.


title: Generalized Entropy Method for the Renewal Equation with Measure Data

abstract:
  We study the long-time asymptotics for the so-called McKendrick-Von Foerster
or renewal equation, a simple model frequently considered in structured
population dynamics. In contrast to previous works, we can admit a bounded
measure as initial data. To this end, we apply techniques from the calculus of
variations that have not been employed previously in this context. We
demonstrate how the generalized relative entropy method can be refined in the
Radon measure framework.


title:
Variational discretization of parabolic control problems on evolving
  surfaces with pointwise state constraints

abstract:
  We consider a linear-quadratic pde constrained optimal control problem on an
evolving surface with pointwise state constraints. We reformulate the
optimization problem on a fixed surface and approximate the reformulated
problem by a discrete control problem based on a discretization of the state
equation by linear finite elements in space and a discontinuous Galerkin scheme
in time. We prove error bounds for control and state.


title:
Accurate abundance analysis of late-type stars: advances in atomic
  physics

abstract:
  The measurement of stellar properties such as chemical compositions, masses
and ages, through stellar spectra, is a fundamental problem in astrophysics.
Progress in the understanding, calculation and measurement of atomic properties
and processes relevant to the high-accuracy analysis of F-, G-, and K-type
stellar spectra is reviewed, with particular emphasis on abundance analysis.
This includes fundamental atomic data such as energy levels, wavelengths, and
transition probabilities, as well as processes of photoionisation, collisional
broadening and inelastic collisions. A recurring theme throughout the review is
the interplay between theoretical atomic physics, laboratory measurements, and
astrophysical modelling, all of which contribute to our understanding of atoms
and atomic processes, as well as to modelling stellar spectra.


title:
An Accelerometer Based Calculator for Visually Impaired People Using
  Mobile Devices

abstract:
  Recent trend of touch-screen devices produces an accessibility barrier for
visually impaired people. On the other hand, these devices come with sensors
such as accelerometer. This calls for new approaches to human computer
interface (HCI). In this study, our aim is to find an alternative approach to
classify 20 different hand gestures captured by iPhone 3GS's built-in
accelerometer and make high accuracy on user-independent classifications using
Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) with dynamic warping window sizes. 20 gestures with
1,100 gesture data are collected from 15 normal-visioned people. This data set
is used for training. Experiment-1 based on this data set produced an accuracy
rate of 96.7~\%. In order for visually impaired people to use the system, a
gesture recognition based "talking" calculator is implemented. In Experiment-2,
4 visually impaired end-users used the calculator and obtained 95.5~\% accuracy
rate among 17 gestures with 720 gesture data totally. Contributions of the
techniques to the end result is also investigated. Dynamic warping window size
is found to be the most effective one. The data and the code is available.


title: Total positive influence domination on weighted networks

abstract:
  We are proposing two greedy and a new linear programming based approximation
algorithm for the total positive influence dominating set problem in weighted
networks. Applications of this problem in weighted settings include finding: a
minimum cost set of nodes to broadcast a message in social networks, such that
each node has majority of neighbours broadcasting that message; a maximum
trusted set in bitcoin network; an optimal set of hosts when running
distributed apps etc. Extensive experiments on different generated and real
networks highlight advantages and potential issues for each algorithm.


title: Scaling Theory of ${\mathbb Z}_{2}$ Topological Invariants

abstract:
  For inversion-symmetric topological insulators and superconductors
characterized by ${\mathbb Z}_{2}$ topological invariants, two scaling schemes
are proposed to judge topological phase transitions driven by an energy
parameter. The scaling schemes renormalize either the phase gradient or the
second derivative of the Pfaffian of the time-reversal operator, through which
the renormalization group flow of the driving energy parameter can be obtained.
The Pfaffian near the time-reversal invariant momentum is revealed to display a
universal critical behavior for a great variety of models examined.


title:
Correlated event-by-event fluctuations of flow harmonics in Pb-Pb
  collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}=2.76$ TeV

abstract:
  We report the measurements of correlations between event-by-event
fluctuations of amplitudes of anisotropic flow harmonics in nucleus-nucleus
collisions, obtained for the first time using a new analysis method based on
multiparticle cumulants in mixed harmonics. This novel method is robust against
systematic biases originating from non-flow effects and by construction any
dependence on symmetry planes is eliminated. We demonstrate that correlations
of flow harmonics exhibit a better sensitivity to medium properties than the
individual flow harmonics. The new measurements are performed in Pb-Pb
collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm
NN}}}=2.76$ TeV by the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The
centrality dependence of correlation between event-by-event fluctuations of the
elliptic, $v_2$, and quadrangular, $v_4$, flow harmonics, as well as of
anti-correlation between $v_2$ and triangular, $v_3$, flow harmonics are
presented. The results cover two different regimes of the initial state
configurations: geometry-dominated (in mid-central collisions) and
fluctuation-dominated (in the most central collisions). Comparisons are made to
predictions from MC-Glauber, viscous hydrodynamics, AMPT and HIJING models.
Together with the existing measurements of individual flow harmonics the
presented results provide further constraints on initial conditions and the
transport properties of the system produced in heavy-ion collisions.


title: Some applications of smooth bilinear forms with Kloosterman sums

abstract:
  We revisit a recent bound of I. Shparlinski and T. P. Zhang on bilinear forms
with Kloosterman sums, and prove an extension for correlation sums of
Kloosterman sums against Fourier coefficients of modular forms. We use these
bounds to improve on earlier results on sums of Kloosterman sums along the
primes and on the error term of the fourth moment of Dirichlet $L$-functions.


title:
On the Construction of Jointly Superregular Lower Triangular Toeplitz
  Matrices

abstract:
  Superregular matrices have the property that all of their submatrices, which
can be full rank are so. Lower triangular superregular matrices are useful for
e.g., maximum distance separable convolutional codes as well as for
(sequential) network codes. In this work, we provide an explicit design for all
superregular lower triangular Toeplitz matrices in GF(2^p) for the case of
matrices with dimensions less than or equal to 5 x 5. For higher dimensional
matrices, we present a greedy algorithm that finds a solution provided the
field size is sufficiently high. We also introduce the notions of jointly
superregular and product preserving jointly superregular matrices, and extend
our explicit constructions of superregular matrices to these cases. Jointly
superregular matrices are necessary to achieve optimal decoding capabilities
for the case of codes with a rate lower than 1/2 , and the product preserving
property is necessary for optimal decoding capabilities in network recoding.


title: $\ell_p$-Box ADMM: A Versatile Framework for Integer Programming

abstract:
  This paper revisits the integer programming (IP) problem, which plays a
fundamental role in many computer vision and machine learning applications. The
literature abounds with many seminal works that address this problem, some
focusing on continuous approaches (e.g. linear program relaxation) while others
on discrete ones (e.g., min-cut). However, a limited number of them are
designed to handle the general IP form and even these methods cannot adequately
satisfy the simultaneous requirements of accuracy, feasibility, and
scalability. To this end, we propose a novel and versatile framework called
$\ell_p$-box ADMM, which is based on two parts. (1) The discrete constraint is
equivalently replaced by the intersection of a box and a $(n-1)$-dimensional
sphere (defined through the $\ell_p$ norm). (2) We infuse this equivalence into
the ADMM (Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers) framework to handle
these continuous constraints separately and to harness its attractive
properties. More importantly, the ADMM update steps can lead to manageable
sub-problems in the continuous domain. To demonstrate its efficacy, we consider
an instance of the framework, namely $\ell_2$-box ADMM applied to binary
quadratic programming (BQP). Here, the ADMM steps are simple, computationally
efficient, and theoretically guaranteed to converge to a KKT point. We
demonstrate the applicability of $\ell_2$-box ADMM on three important
applications: MRF energy minimization, graph matching, and clustering. Results
clearly show that it significantly outperforms existing generic IP solvers both
in runtime and objective. It also achieves very competitive performance vs.
state-of-the-art methods specific to these applications.


title:
Convection-Enhanced Biopatterning with Recirculation of Hydrodynamically
  Confined Nanoliter Volumes of Reagents

abstract:
  We present a new methodology for efficient and high-quality patterning of
biological reagents for surface-based biological assays. The method relies on
hydrodynamically confined nanoliter volumes of reagents to interact with the
substrate at the micrometer-length scale. We study the interplay between
diffusion, advection, and surface chemistry and present the design of a
noncontact scanning microfluidic device to efficiently present reagents on
surfaces. By leveraging convective flows, recirculation, and mixing of a
processing liquid, this device overcomes limitations of existing biopatterning
approaches, such as passive diffusion of analytes, uncontrolled wetting, and
drying artifacts. We demonstrate the deposition of analytes, showing a 2- to
5-fold increase in deposition rate together with a 10-fold reduction in analyte
consumption while ensuring less than 6% variation in pattern homogeneity on a
standard biological substrate. In addition, we demonstrate the recirculation of
a processing liquid using a microfluidic probe (MFP) in the context of a
surface assay for (i) probing 12 independent areas with a single microliter of
processing liquid and (ii) processing a 2 mm2 surface to create 170 antibody
spots of 50 x 100 {\mu}m2 area using 1.6 {\mu}L of liquid. We observe high
pattern quality, conservative usage of reagents, micrometer precision of
localization and convection-enhanced fast deposition. Such a device and method
may facilitate quantitative biological assays and spur the development of the
next generation of protein microarrays.


title: Latency Exploitation in Wavelet-based Multirate Circuit Simulation

abstract:
  The simulation of radio frequency (RF) circuits is one of the severest
problems in Design Automation: the information signal or envelope is modulated
by a carrier signal with a center frequency typically in the GHz range. Due to
Nyquist's sampling theorem the time steps in conventional transient analysis
are prohibitively small. A technique to overcome Nyquist's bottleneck is the
multirate method which reformulates the ordinary circuit's differential
algebraic equations (DAEs) as a system of partial DAEs (PDAEs). In this paper
further improvements of the wavelet multirate circuit simulation technique are
presented. In the new algorithm we use different grids for the approximation of
the solution on different circuit parts, exploiting latency. In particular, for
circuits comprising latent parts the grids can be much sparser, which results
in the reduction of the overall problem size and leads to a faster simulation.}


title: Real-time Action Recognition with Enhanced Motion Vector CNNs

abstract:
  The deep two-stream architecture exhibited excellent performance on video
based action recognition. The most computationally expensive step in this
approach comes from the calculation of optical flow which prevents it to be
real-time. This paper accelerates this architecture by replacing optical flow
with motion vector which can be obtained directly from compressed videos
without extra calculation. However, motion vector lacks fine structures, and
contains noisy and inaccurate motion patterns, leading to the evident
degradation of recognition performance. Our key insight for relieving this
problem is that optical flow and motion vector are inherent correlated.
Transferring the knowledge learned with optical flow CNN to motion vector CNN
can significantly boost the performance of the latter. Specifically, we
introduce three strategies for this, initialization transfer, supervision
transfer and their combination. Experimental results show that our method
achieves comparable recognition performance to the state-of-the-art, while our
method can process 390.7 frames per second, which is 27 times faster than the
original two-stream method.


title: Restricted Beurling transforms on Campanato spaces

abstract:
  Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb{C}$ be a bounded domain with
$\mathcal{C}^{1,\omega}$-smooth boundary, where $\omega$ is a Dini-smooth
modulus of continuity. We prove that the restricted Beurling transform is
bounded on the Campanato space $\mathrm{BMO}_\omega(\Omega)$.


title:
A Generic Transformation to Enable Optimal Repair in MDS Codes for
  Distributed Storage Systems

abstract:
  We propose a generic transformation that can convert any nonbinary
$(n=k+r,k)$ maximum distance separable (MDS) code into another $(n,k)$ MDS code
over the same field such that 1) some arbitrarily chosen $r$ nodes have the
optimal repair bandwidth and the optimal rebuilding access, 2) for the
remaining $k$ nodes, the normalized repair bandwidth and the normalized
rebuilding access (over the file size) are preserved, 3) the sub-packetization
level is increased only by a factor of $r$. Two immediate applications of this
generic transformation are then presented. The first application is that we can
transform any nonbinary MDS code with the optimal repair bandwidth or the
optimal rebuilding access for the systematic nodes only, into a new MDS code
which possesses the corresponding repair optimality for all nodes. The second
application is that by applying the transformation multiple times, any
nonbinary $(n,k)$ scalar MDS code can be converted into an $(n,k)$ MDS code
with the optimal repair bandwidth and the optimal rebuilding access for all
nodes, or only a subset of nodes, whose sub-packetization level is also
optimal.


title: About David Ruelle, after his 80th birthday

abstract:
  This is, with minor modifications, a text read at the 114th Statistical
Mechanics meeting, in honor of D.Ruelle and Y.Sinai, at Rutgers, Dec.13-15,
2015. It does not attempt to analyze, or not even just quote, all works of
David Ruelle; I discuss, as usual in such occasions, a few among his works with
which I have most familiarity and which were a source of inspiration for me.


title: Algebraic model for single-particle energies of $\Lambda$ hypernuclei

abstract:
  A model is proposed for the spectrum of $\Lambda$ hypernuclei based on the
$u(3)\times u(2)$ Lie algebra, in which the internal degrees of freedom of the
spin-1/2 $\Lambda$ particle are treated in the Fermionic $u(2)$ scheme, while
the motion of the hyperon inside a nucleus is described in the Bosonic $u(3)$
harmonic oscillator scheme. Within this model, a simple formula for
single-particle energies of the $\Lambda$ particle is obtained from the natural
dynamical symmetry. The formula is applied to the experimental data on the
reaction spectroscopy for the $^{89}_\Lambda$Y and $^{51}_\Lambda$V
hypernuclei, providing a clear theoretical interpretation of the observed
structures.


title:
Subproton-scale cascades in solar wind turbulence: driven hybrid-kinetic
  simulations

abstract:
  A long-lasting debate in space plasma physics concerns the nature of
subproton-scale fluctuations in solar wind (SW) turbulence. Over the past
decade, a series of theoretical and observational studies were presented in
favor of either kinetic Alfv\'en wave (KAW) or whistler turbulence. Here, we
investigate numerically the nature of the subproton-scale turbulent cascade for
typical SW parameters by means of unprecedented high-resolution simulations of
forced hybrid-kinetic turbulence in two real-space and three velocity-space
dimensions. Our analysis suggests that small-scale turbulence in this model is
dominated by KAWs at $\beta\gtrsim1$ and by magnetosonic/whistler fluctuations
at lower $\beta$. The spectral properties of the turbulence appear to be in
good agreement with theoretical predictions. A tentative interpretation of this
result in terms of relative changes in the damping rates of the different waves
is also presented. Overall, the results raise interesting new questions about
the properties and variability of subproton-scale turbulence in the SW,
including its possible dependence on the plasma $\beta$, and call for detailed
and extensive parametric explorations of driven kinetic turbulence in three
dimensions.


title: On the geometry of the $p$-Laplacian operator

abstract:
  The $p$-Laplacian operator $\Delta_pu={\rm div }\left(|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla
u\right)$ is not uniformly elliptic for any $p\in(1,2)\cup(2,\infty)$ and
degenerates even more when $p\to \infty$ or $p\to 1$. In those two cases the
Dirichlet and eigenvalue problems associated with the $p$-Laplacian lead to
intriguing geometric questions, because their limits for $p\to\infty$ or $p\to
1$ can be characterized by the geometry of $\Omega$. In this little survey we
recall some well-known results on eigenfunctions of the classical 2-Laplacian
and elaborate on their extensions to general $p\in[1,\infty]$.
  We report also on results concerning the normalized or game-theoretic
$p$-Laplacian $$\Delta_p^Nu:=\tfrac{1}{p}|\nabla
u|^{2-p}\Delta_pu=\tfrac{1}{p}\Delta_1^Nu+\tfrac{p-1}{p}\Delta_\infty^Nu$$ and
its parabolic counterpart $u_t-\Delta_p^N u=0$. These equations are homogeneous
of degree 1 and $\Delta_p^N$ is uniformly elliptic for any $p\in (1,\infty)$.
In this respect it is more benign than the $p$-Laplacian, but it is not of
divergence type.


title:
Shubin regularity for the radially symmetric spatially homogeneous
  Boltzmann equation with Debye-Yukawa potential

abstract:
  In this work, we study the Cauchy problem for the radially symmetric
spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation with Debye-Yukawa potential. We prove
that this Cauchy problem enjoys the same smoothing effect as the Cauchy problem
defined by the evolution equation associated to a fractional logarithmic
harmonic oscillator. To be specific, we can prove the solution of the Cauchy
problem belongs to Shubin spaces.


title: Interplanetary Type IV Bursts

abstract:
  We study the characteristics of moving type IV radio bursts which extend to
the hectometric wavelengths (interplanetary type IV or type IV IP bursts) and
their relationship with energetic phenomena on the Sun. Our dataset comprises
48 interplanetary type IV bursts observed with Wind/WAVES in the 13.825 MHz-20
kHz frequency range. The dynamic spectra of the RSTN, the Nancay Decametric
Array (DAM), the ARTEMIS-IV, the Culgoora, Hiraiso and Izmiran Radio
Spectrographs were used to track the evolution of the events in the low corona.
These were supplemented with SXR flux data from the GOES and CME data from the
SOHO/LASCO. Positional information of the coronal bursts was obtained by the
NRH. We examined the relationship of the type IV events with coronal radio
bursts, CMEs and SXR flares. The majority of the events (45) were characterized
as compact; their duration was on average 106 minutes. This type of events was,
mostly, associated with M-and X-class flares (40 out of 45) and fast CMEs; 32
of these events had CMEs faster than 1000 km/s. Furthermore, in 43 compact
events the CME was, possibly, subjected to reduced aerodynamic drag as it was
propagating in the wake of a previous CME. A minority (three) of long lived
type IV IP bursts was detected, with duration from 960 minutes to 115 hours.
These events are referred to as extended or long duration and appear to
replenish their energetic electron content, possibly from electrons escaping
from the corresponding coronal type IV bursts. The latter were found to persist
on the disk, for tens of hours to days. Prominent among them was the unusual
interplanetary type IV burst of 18--23 May 2002, which is the longest event in
the Wind/WAVES catalog. The three extended events were, usually, accompanied by
a number of flares, of GOES class C in their majority, and of CMEs, many of
which were slow and narrow.


title: Classification of Bagnera-de Franchis Varieties in Small Dimensions

abstract:
  A Bagnera-de Franchis variety $X = A/G$ is the quotient of an abelian variety
$A$ by a free action of a finite cyclic group $G \subset Bihol(A)$, which does
not contain only translations. Constructing explicit polarizations and using a
method introduced by F. Catanese, we classify split Bagnera-de Franchis
varieties up to complex conjugation in dimensions $\leq 4$.


title: Physics-Based Swarm Intelligence for Disaster Relief Communications

abstract:
  This study explores how a swarm of aerial mobile vehicles can provide network
connectivity and meet the stringent requirements of public protection and
disaster relief operations. In this context, we design a physics-based
controlled mobility strategy, which we name the extended Virtual Force Protocol
(VFPe), allowing self-propelled nodes, and in particular here unmanned aerial
vehicles, to fly autonomously and cooperatively. In this way, ground devices
scattered on the operation site may establish communications through the
wireless multi-hop communication routes formed by the network of aerial nodes.
We further investigate through simulations the behavior of the VFPe protocol,
notably focusing on the way node location information is disseminated into the
network as well as on the impact of the number of exploration nodes on the
overall network performance.


title:
Cosmology in doubly coupled massive gravity: constraints from SNIa, BAO
  and CMB

abstract:
  Massive gravity in the presence of doubly coupled matter field via en
effective composite metric yields an accelerated expansion of the universe. It
has been recently shown that the model admits stable de Sitter attractor
solutions and could be used as a dark energy model. In this work, we perform a
first analysis of the constraints imposed by the SNIa, BAO and CMB data on the
massive gravity model with the effective composite metric and show that all the
background observations are mutually compatible at the one sigma level with the
model.


title: Efficient Splitting-based Method for Global Image Smoothing

abstract:
  Edge-preserving smoothing (EPS) can be formulated as minimizing an objective
function that consists of data and prior terms. This global EPS approach shows
better smoothing performance than a local one that typically has a form of
weighted averaging, at the price of high computational cost. In this paper, we
introduce a highly efficient splitting-based method for global EPS that
minimizes the objective function of ${l_2}$ data and prior terms (possibly
non-smooth and non-convex) in linear time. Different from previous
splitting-based methods that require solving a large linear system, our
approach solves an equivalent constrained optimization problem, resulting in a
sequence of 1D sub-problems. This enables linear time solvers for
weighted-least squares and -total variation problems. Our solver converges
quickly, and its runtime is even comparable to state-of-the-art local EPS
approaches. We also propose a family of fast iteratively re-weighted algorithms
using a non-convex prior term. Experimental results demonstrate the
effectiveness and flexibility of our approach in a range of computer vision and
image processing tasks.


title: On the radial distribution of Galactic cosmic rays

abstract:
  The spectrum and morphology of the diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission
carries valuable information on cosmic ray (CR) propagation. Recent results
obtained by analyzing Fermi-LAT data accumulated over seven years of
observation show a substantial variation of the CR spectrum as a function of
the distance from the Galactic Center. The spatial distribution of the CR
density in the outer Galaxy appears to be weakly dependent upon the
galactocentric distance, as found in previous studies as well, while the
density in the central region of the Galaxy was found to exceed the value
measured in the outer Galaxy. At the same time, Fermi-LAT data suggest a
gradual spectral softening while moving outward from the center of the Galaxy
to its outskirts. These findings represent a challenge for standard
calculations of CR propagation based on assuming a uniform diffusion
coefficient within the Galactic volume. Here we present a model of non-linear
CR propagation in which transport is due to particle scattering and advection
off self-generated turbulence. We find that for a realistic distribution of CR
sources following the spatial distribution of supernova remnants and the space
dependence of the magnetic field on galactocentric distance, both the spatial
profile of CR density and the spectral softening can easily be accounted for.


title: Intersection Numbers and Split of Minor Roots

abstract:
  There are two main parts in this manuscript. First, for a Jacobian pair $(f,
g)$, with the concept of final major roots and final minor roots, we obtain
equations and inequalities for intersection numbers ${\rm I}(f_\xi, g)$ and
${\rm I}(f_\xi, f_y)$ respectively, here, $\xi$ is a generic element of the
base field and $f_\xi=f-\xi$ and discuss usage of them in some special cases.
Second, we discuss all possibilities of the splits of principle minor roots for
the case of degree (99, 66) with help of Abhyankar-Moh planar semigroup, find
an unknown possible split and suggest case (99, 66) is open.


title: Elements of a dielectric laser accelerator

abstract:
  The widespread use of high energy particle beams in basic research, medicine
and coherent X-ray generation coupled with the large size of modern radio
frequency (RF) accelerator devices and facilities has motivated a strong need
for alternative accelerators operating in regimes outside of RF. Working at
optical frequencies, dielectric laser accelerators (DLAs) - transparent
laser-driven nanoscale dielectric structures whose near fields can
synchronously accelerate charged particles - have demonstrated high-gradient
acceleration with a variety of laser wavelengths, materials, and electron beam
parameters, potentially enabling miniaturized accelerators and table-top
coherent x-ray sources. To realize a useful (i.e. scalable) DLA, crucial
developments have remained: concatenation of components including sustained
phase synchronicity to reach arbitrary final energies as well as deflection and
focusing elements to keep the beam well collimated along the design axis. Here,
all of these elements are demonstrated with a subrelativistic electron beam. In
particular, by creating two interaction regions via illumination of a
nanograting with two spatio-temporally separated pulsed laser beams, we
demonstrate a phase-controlled doubling of electron energy gain from 0.7 to 1.4
keV (2.5 percent to 5 percent of the initial beam energy) and through use of a
chirped grating geometry, we overcome the dephasing limit of 25 keV electrons,
increasing their energy gains to a laser power limited 10 percent of their
initial energy. Further, optically-driven transverse focusing of the electron
beam with focal lengths below 200 microns is achieved via a parabolic grating
geometry. These results lay the cornerstone for future miniaturized phase
synchronous vacuum-structure-based accelerators.


title:
A family of surfaces with $p_g=q=2, \, K^2=7$ and Albanese map of degree
  $3$

abstract:
  We study a family of surfaces of general type with $p_g=q=2$ and $K^2=7$,
originally constructed by Cancian and Frapporti by using the Computer Algebra
System MAGMA. We provide an alternative, computer-free construction of these
surfaces, that allows us to describe their Albanese map and their moduli space.


title: Tuning the resonant frequencies of a drop by a magnetic field

abstract:
  We report an experimental study of a magnetic liquid drop deposited on a
superhydrophobic substrate and subjected to vertical vibrations in presence of
a static magnetic field. It is well-known that a flattened drop of usual liquid
displays oscillating lobes at its periphery when vibrated. By adding
ferromagnetic nanoparticles to a water drop and varying the strength of the
magnetic field, we are experimentally able to efficiently tune the resonant
frequencies of the drop. By using conservation energy arguments, we show that
the magnetic field contribution is equivalent to adding an effective negative
surface tension to the drop. Our model is found in good agreement with the
experiments with no fitting parameter.


title: A Probabilistic Analysis of the Fermi Paradox

abstract:
  The fermi paradox uses an appeal to the mediocrity principle to make it seem
counter-intuitive that humanity has not been contacted by extraterrestrial
intelligence. A numerical, statistical analysis was conducted to determine
whether this apparent loneliness is, in fact, unexpected. An inequality was
derived to relate the frequency of life arising and developing technology on a
suitable planet in the galaxy, the average length of time since the first
broadcast of such a civilization, and a constant term. An analysis of the
sphere reached thus far by human communication was also conducted, considering
our local neighborhood and planets of particular interest. We clearly show that
human communication has not reached a number of stars and planets adequate to
expect an answer. These analyses both conclude that the Fermi paradox is not,
in fact, unexpected. By the mediocrity principle and numerical modeling, it is
actually unlikely that the Earth would have been reached by extraterrestrial
communication at this point. We predict that under 1 percent of the galaxy has
been reached at all thus far, and we do not anticipate to be reached until
approximately half of the stars/planets have been reached. We offer a
prediction that we should not expect this until at least 1,500 years in the
future. Thus the Fermi paradox is not a shocking observation, and humanity may
very well be contacted within our species' lifespan.


title: Continuously Varying Critical Exponents Beyond Weak Universality

abstract:
  Renormalization group theory does not restrict the from of continuous
variation of critical exponents which occurs in presence of a marginal
operator. However, the continuous variation of critical exponents, observed in
different contexts, usually follows a weak universality scenario where some of
the exponents (e.g., $\beta, \gamma, \nu$) vary keeping others (e.g., $\delta ,
\eta$) fixed. Here we report a ferromagnetic phase transition in
(Sm$_{1-y}$Nd$_{y}$)$_{0.52}$Sr$_{0.48}$MnO$_3$ $(0.5\le y\le1)$ single crystal
where all critical exponents vary with $y.$ Such variation clearly violates
both universality and weak universality hypothesis. We propose a new scaling
theory that explains the present experimental results, reduces to the weak
universality as a special case, and provides a generic route leading to
continuous variation of critical exponents and multicriticality.


title: Testing for voter rigging in small polling stations

abstract:
  Since the 1970s there has been a large number of countries that combine
formal democratic institutions with authoritarian practices. Although in such
countries the ruling elites may receive considerable voter support they often
employ several manipulation tools to control election outcomes. A common
practice of these regimes is the coercion and mobilization of a significant
amount of voters to guarantee the electoral victory. This electoral
irregularity is known as voter rigging, distinguishing it from vote rigging,
which involves ballot stuffing or stealing. Here we develop a statistical test
to quantify to which extent the results of a particular election display traces
of voter rigging. Our key hypothesis is that small polling stations are more
susceptible to voter rigging, because it is easier to identify opposing
individuals, there are less eye witnesses, and supposedly less visits from
election observers. We devise a general statistical method for testing whether
voting behavior in small polling stations is significantly different from the
behavior of their neighbor stations in a way that is consistent with the
widespread occurrence of voter rigging. Based on a comparative analysis, the
method enables to rule out whether observed differences in voting behavior
might be explained by geographic heterogeneities in vote preferences. We
analyze 21 elections in ten different countries and find significant anomalies
compatible with voter rigging in Russia from 2007-2011, in Venezuela from
2006-2013, and in Uganda 2011. Particularly disturbing is the case of Venezuela
where these distortions have been outcome-determinative in the 2013
presidential elections.


title: Arbitrage without borrowing or short selling?

abstract:
  We show that a trader, who starts with no initial wealth and is not allowed
to borrow money or short sell assets, is theoretically able to attain positive
wealth by continuous trading, provided that she has perfect foresight of future
asset prices, given by a continuous semimartingale. Such an arbitrage strategy
can be constructed as a process of finite variation that satisfies a seemingly
innocuous self-financing condition, formulated using a pathwise
Riemann-Stieltjes integral. Our result exemplifies the potential intricacies of
formulating economically meaningful self-financing conditions in continuous
time, when one leaves the conventional arbitrage-free framework.


title: Sufficient conditions for Strassen's additivity conjecture

abstract:
  We give a sufficient condition for the strong symmetric version of Strassen's
additivity conjecture: the Waring rank of a sum of forms in independent
variables is the sum of their ranks, and every Waring decomposition of the sum
is a sum of decompositions of the summands. We give additional sufficient
criteria for the additivity of Waring ranks and a sufficient criterion for
additivity of cactus ranks and decompositions.


title: Evading Vacuum Noise: Wigner Projections or Husimi Samples?

abstract:
  The accuracy in determining the quantum state of a system depends on the type
of measurement performed. Homodyne and heterodyne detection are the two main
schemes in continuous-variable quantum information. The former leads to a
direct reconstruction of the Wigner function of the state, whereas the latter
samples its Husimi $Q$~function. We experimentally demonstrate that heterodyne
detection outperforms homodyne detection for almost all Gaussian states, the
details of which depend on the squeezing strength and thermal noise.


title:
Correlations between zeros and critical points of random analytic
  functions

abstract:
  We study the two-point correlation $K^m_n(z,w)$ between zeros and critical
points of Gaussian random holomorphic sections $s_n$ over K\"ahler manifolds.
The critical points are points $\nabla_{h^n} s_n=0$ where $\nabla_{h^n}$ is the
smooth Chern connection with respect to the Hermitian metric $h^n$ on line
bundle $L^n$. The main result is that the rescaling limit of $K^m_n(z_0+\frac
u{\sqrt n}, z_0+\frac v{\sqrt n})$ for any $z_0\in M$ is universal as $n$ tends
to infinity. In fact, the universal rescaling limit is the two-point
correlation between zeros and critical points of Gaussian analytic functions
for the Bargmann-Fock space of level $1$. Furthermore, there is a 'repulsion'
between zeros and critical points for the short range; and a 'neutrality' for
the long range.


title:
Well-posedness of evolution equations with time-dependent nonlinear
  mobility: a modified minimizing movement scheme

abstract:
  We prove the existence of nonnegative weak solutions to a class of second and
fourth order nonautonomous nonlinear evolution equations with an explicitly
time-dependent mobility function posed on the whole space $\mathbb{R}^d$, for
arbitrary $d\ge 1$. Exploiting a very formal gradient flow structure, the
cornerstone of our proof is a modified version of the classical minimizing
movement scheme for gradient flows. The mobility function is required to
satisfy - at each time point separately - the conditions by which one can
define a modified Wasserstein distance on the space of probability densities
with finite second moment. The explicit dependency on the time variable is
assumed to be at least of Lipschitz regularity. We also sketch possible
extensions of our result to the case of bounded spatial domains and more
general mobility functions.


title: Homogeneous Finsler spaces and the flag-wise positively curved condition

abstract:
  In this paper, we introduce the flag-wise positively curved condition for
Finsler spaces (the (FP) Condition), which means that in each tangent plane, we
can find a flag pole in this plane such that the corresponding flag has
positive flag curvature. Applying the Killing navigation technique, we find a
list of compact coset spaces admitting non-negatively curved homogeneous
Finsler metrics satisfying the (FP) Condition. Using a crucial technique we
developed previously, we prove that most of these coset spaces cannot be
endowed with positively curved homogeneous Finsler metrics. We also prove that
any Lie group whose Lie algebra is a rank $2$ non-Abelian compact Lie algebra
admits a left invariant Finsler metric satisfying the (FP) condition. As
by-products, we find the first example of non-compact coset space $S^3\times
\mathbb{R}$ which admits homogeneous flag-wise positively curved Finsler
metrics. Moreover, we find some non-negatively curved Finsler metrics on
$S^2\times S^3$ and $S^6\times S^7$ which satisfy the (FP) condition, as well
as some flag-wise positively curved Finsler metrics on $S^3\times S^3$,
shedding some light on the long standing general Hopf conjecture.


title: Critical Scaling and a Dynamical Higgs Boson

abstract:
  In a quantum electrodynamics theory that is realized by critical scaling and
anomalous dimensions, the action is not chiral invariant and there are no
dynamical Goldstone or Higgs boson bound states. In the mean-field
approximation to a chiral invariant four-fermion theory the associated
mean-field sector action is not chiral invariant either and it also possesses
no dynamical bound states, with Goldstone and Higgs bosons instead being
generated by an accompanying four-fermion residual interaction. In this paper
we show that if a critical scaling electrodynamics in which the dimension
$d_{\theta}$ of $\bar{\psi}\psi$ is reduced from three to two is augmented with
a four-fermion interaction, precisely because it possesses no dynamical bound
states the electrodynamic sector can be reinterpreted as a mean-field
approximation to a larger theory that is chiral symmetric. And with
$d_{\theta}=2$ we show in this larger theory there is a residual interaction
that then does generate dynamical Goldstone and Higgs bosons in scattering
amplitudes that are completely finite. While the dynamically generated
Goldstone boson is massless, the dynamically induced Higgs boson is found to be
a narrow resonance just above threshold, with its width being a diagnostic that
could potentially enable one to distinguish between a dynamical Higgs boson and
an elementary one.


title: Wounded quarks in A+A, p+A, and p+p collisions

abstract:
  We explore predictions of the wounded quark model for particle production and
properties of the initial state formed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion
collisions. The approach is applied uniformly to A+A collisions in a wide
collision energy range, as well as for p+A and p+p collisions at the CERN Large
Hadron Collider (LHC). We find that generically the predictions from wounded
quarks for such features as eccentricities or initial sizes are close (within
15\%) to predictions of the wounded nucleon model with an amended binary
component. A larger difference is found for the size in p+Pb system, where the
wounded quark model yields a smaller (more compact) initial fireball than the
standard wounded nucleon model. The inclusion of subnucleonic degrees of
freedom allows us to analyze p+p collisions in an analogous way, with
predictions that can be used in further collective evolution. The approximate
linear dependence of particle production in A+A collisions on the number of
wounded quarks, as found in previous studies, makes the approach based on
wounded quarks natural. Importantly, at the LHC energies we find approximate
uniformity in particle production from wounded quarks, where at a given
collision energy per nucleon pair similar production of initial entropy per
source is needed to explain the particle production from p+p collisions up to
A+A collisions. We also discuss the sensitivity of the wounded quark model
predictions to distribution of quarks in nucleons, distribution of nucleons in
nuclei, and to the quark-quark inelasticity profile in the impact parameter. In
our procedure, the quark-quark inelasticity profile is chosen in such a way
that the experiment-based parametrization of the proton-proton inelasticity
profile is properly reproduced. The parameters of the overlaid multiplicity
distribution is fixed from p+p and p+Pb data.


title: Coprime and prime labelings of graphs

abstract:
  A coprime labeling of a simple graph of order $n$ is a labeling in which
adjacent vertices are given relatively prime labels, and a graph is prime if
the labels used can be taken to be the first $n$ positive integers. In this
paper, we consider when ladder graphs are prime and when the corresponding
labeling may be done in a cyclic manner around the vertices of the ladder.
Furthermore, we discuss coprime labelings for complete bipartite graphs.


title: Some Properties of DeGiorgi Classes

abstract:
  The DeGiorgi classes $[DG]_p(E;\gamma)$, defined in (1.1)${}_{\pm}$ below
encompass, solutions of quasilinear elliptic equations with measurable
coefficients as well as minima and Q-minima of variational integrals. For these
classes we present some new results (\S 2 and \S 3.1), and some known facts
scattered in the literature (\S 3-\S 5), and formulate some open issues (\S 6).


title:
Pseudomagnitudes and Differential Surface Brightness: Application to the
  apparent diameter of stars

abstract:
  The diameter of a star is a major observable that serves to test the validity
of stellar structure theories. It is also a difficult observable that is mostly
obtained with indirect methods since the stars are so remote. Today only ~600
apparent star diameters have been measured by direct methods: optical
interferometry and lunar occultations. Accurate star diameters are now required
in the new field of exoplanet studies, since they condition the planets' sizes
in transit observations, and recent publications illustrate a visible renewal
of interest in this topic.
  Our analysis is based on the modeling of the relationship between measured
angular diameters and photometries. It makes use of two new reddening-free
concepts: a distance indicator called pseudomagnitude, and a quasi-experimental
observable that is independent of distance and specific to each star, called
the differential surface brightness (DSB). The use of all the published
measurements of apparent diameters that have been collected so far, and a
careful modeling of the DSB allow us to estimate star diameters with a median
statistical error of 1%, knowing their spectral type and, in the present case,
the VJHKs photometries.
  We introduce two catalogs, the JMMC Measured Diameters Catalog (JMDC),
containing measured star diameters, and the second version of the JMMC Stellar
Diameter Catalog (JSDC), augmented to about 453000 star diameters. Finally, we
provide simple formulas and a table of coefficients to quickly estimate stellar
angular diameters and associated errors from (V, Ks) magnitudes and spectral
types.


title:
Smart Multihoming in Smart Shires: Mobility and Communication Management
  for Smart Services in Countrysides

abstract:
  This paper discusses on the need to focus on effective and cheap
communication solutions for the deployment of smart services in countrysides.
We present the main wireless technologies, software architectures and protocols
that need to be exploited, such as multihop, multipath communication and
mobility support through multihoming. We present Always Best Packet Switching
(ABPS), an operation mode to perform network handover in a seamless way without
the need to change the current network infrastructure and configuration. This
is in accordance with the need of having cheap solutions that may work in a
smart shire scenario. A simulation assessment confirms the effectiveness of our
approach.


title: Rigidity of negatively curved geodesic orbit Finsler spaces

abstract:
  We prove some rigidity results on geodesic orbit Finsler spaces with
non-positive curvature. In particular, we show that a geodesic Finsler space
with strictly negative flag curvature must be a non-compact Riemannian
symmetric space of rank one.


title: K-theory, genotypes, and biset functors

abstract:
  Let p be an odd prime number. In this paper, we show that the genome
$\Gamma(P)$ of a finite $p$-group $P$, defined as the direct product of the
genotypes of all rational irreducible representations of $P$, can be recovered
from the first group of $K$-theory $K_1(\mathbb{Q}P)$. It follows that the
assignment $P \to \Gamma(P)$ is a $p$-biset functor. We give an explicit
formula for the action of bisets on $\Gamma$, in terms of generalized transfers
associated to left free bisets. Finally, we show that $\Gamma$ is a rational
$p$-biset functor, i.e. that $\Gamma$ factors through the Roquette category of
finite $p$-groups.


title:
Tournament selection in zeroth-level classifier systems based on average
  reward reinforcement learning

abstract:
  As a genetics-based machine learning technique, zeroth-level classifier
system (ZCS) is based on a discounted reward reinforcement learning algorithm,
bucket-brigade algorithm, which optimizes the discounted total reward received
by an agent but is not suitable for all multi-step problems, especially
large-size ones. There are some undiscounted reinforcement learning methods
available, such as R-learning, which optimize the average reward per time step.
In this paper, R-learning is used as the reinforcement learning employed by
ZCS, to replace its discounted reward reinforcement learning approach, and
tournament selection is used to replace roulette wheel selection in ZCS. The
modification results in classifier systems that can support long action chains,
and thus is able to solve large multi-step problems.


title: On some analytical properties of stable densities

abstract:
  L.Bondesson [1] conjectured that the density of a positive $\alpha$-stable
distribution is hyperbolically completely monotone (HCM in short) if and only
if $\alpha$ $\le$ 1/2. This was proved recently by P. Bosch and Th. Simon, who
also conjectured a strengthened version of this result. We disprove this
conjecture as well as a correlated conjecture of Bondesson, while giving a
short new proof of the initial conjecture, as a direct consequence of a new
algebraic property of HCM and Generalized Gamma convolution densities (GGC in
short) which we establish.


title: Distributed Clustering of Linear Bandits in Peer to Peer Networks

abstract:
  We provide two distributed confidence ball algorithms for solving linear
bandit problems in peer to peer networks with limited communication
capabilities. For the first, we assume that all the peers are solving the same
linear bandit problem, and prove that our algorithm achieves the optimal
asymptotic regret rate of any centralised algorithm that can instantly
communicate information between the peers. For the second, we assume that there
are clusters of peers solving the same bandit problem within each cluster, and
we prove that our algorithm discovers these clusters, while achieving the
optimal asymptotic regret rate within each one. Through experiments on several
real-world datasets, we demonstrate the performance of proposed algorithms
compared to the state-of-the-art.


title:
Ergodicity of PCA: Equivalence between Spatial and Temporal Mixing
  Conditions

abstract:
  For a general attractive Probabilistic Cellular Automata on S Z d , we prove
that the (time-) convergence towards equilibrium of this Markovian parallel
dynamics, exponentially fast in the uniform norm, is equivalent to a condition
(A). This condition means the exponential decay of the inuence from the
boundary for the invariant measures of the system restricted to nite boxes. For
a class of reversible PCA dynamics on {--1, +1} Z d , with a naturally
associated Gibbsian potential $\varphi$, we prove that a (spatial-) weak mixing
condition (WM) for $\varphi$ implies the validity of the assumption (A); thus
exponential (time-) ergodicity of these dynamics towards the unique Gibbs
measure associated to $\varphi$ holds. On some particular examples we state
that exponential ergodicity holds as soon as there is no phase transition.


title:
Angular analysis of B -> J/psi K1 : towards a model independent
  determination of the photon polarization with B-> K1 gamma

abstract:
  We propose a model independent extraction of the hadronic information needed
to determine the photon polarization of the b-> s gamma process by the method
utilizing the B -> K1 gamma -> K pi pi gamma angular distribution. We show that
exactly the same hadronic information can be obtained by using the B -> J/psi
K1 -> J/psi K pi pi channel, which leads to a much higher precision.


title:
A Discontinuous Galerkin Time-Domain Method with Dynamically Adaptive
  Cartesian Meshes for Computational Electromagnetics

abstract:
  A discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method based on dynamically
adaptive Cartesian meshes (ACM) is developed for a full-wave analysis of
electromagnetic fields in dispersive media. Hierarchical Cartesian grids offer
simplicity close to that of structured grids and the flexibility of
unstructured grids while being highly suited for adaptive mesh refinement
(AMR). The developed DGTD-ACM achieves a desired accuracy by refining
non-conformal meshes near material interfaces to reduce stair-casing errors
without sacrificing the high efficiency afforded with uniform Cartesian meshes.
Moreover, DGTD-ACM can dynamically refine the mesh to resolve the local
variation of the fields during propagation of electromagnetic pulses. A local
time-stepping scheme is adopted to alleviate the constraint on the time-step
size due to the stability condition of the explicit time integration.
Simulations of electromagnetic wave diffraction over conducting and dielectric
cylinders and spheres demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve a good
numerical accuracy at a reduced computational cost compared with uniform
meshes. For simulations of dispersive media, the auxiliary differential
equation (ADE) and recursive convolution (RC) methods are implemented for a
local Drude model and tested for a cold plasma slab and a plasmonic rod. With
further advances of the charge transport models, the DGTD-ACM method is
expected to provide a powerful tool for computations of electromagnetic fields
in complex geometries for applications to high-frequency electronic devices,
plasmonic THz technologies, as well as laser-induced and microwave plasmas.


title: Complete mappings and Carlitz rank

abstract:
  The well-known Chowla and Zassenhaus conjecture, proven by Cohen in 1990,
states that for any $d\ge 2$ and any prime $p>(d^2-3d+4)^2$ there is no
complete mapping polynomial in $\mathbb{F}_{p}[x]$ of degree $d$.
  For arbitrary finite fields $\mathbb{F}_{q}$, we give a similar result in
terms of the Carlitz rank of a permutation polynomial rather than its degree.
We prove that if $n<\lfloor q/2\rfloor$, then there is no complete mapping in
$\mathbb{F}_{q}[x]$ of Carlitz rank $n$ of small linearity. We also determine
how far permutation polynomials $f$ of Carlitz rank $n<\lfloor q/2\rfloor$ are
from being complete, by studying value sets of $f+x.$ We provide examples of
complete mappings if $n=\lfloor q/2\rfloor$, which shows that the above bound
cannot be improved in general.


title:
Condorcet's Jury Theorem for Consensus Clustering and its Implications
  for Diversity

abstract:
  Condorcet's Jury Theorem has been invoked for ensemble classifiers to
indicate that the combination of many classifiers can have better predictive
performance than a single classifier. Such a theoretical underpinning is
unknown for consensus clustering. This article extends Condorcet's Jury Theorem
to the mean partition approach under the additional assumptions that a unique
ground-truth partition exists and sample partitions are drawn from a
sufficiently small ball containing the ground-truth. As an implication of
practical relevance, we question the claim that the quality of consensus
clustering depends on the diversity of the sample partitions. Instead, we
conjecture that limiting the diversity of the mean partitions is necessary for
controlling the quality.


title: Invisible Axion-Like Dark Matter from Electroweak Bosonic Seesaw

abstract:
  We explore a model based on the classically-scale invariant standard model
(SM) with a strongly coupled vector-like dynamics, which is called hypercolor
(HC). The scale symmetry is dynamically broken by the vector-like condensation
at the TeV scale, so that the SM Higgs acquires the negative mass-squared by
the bosonic seesaw mechanism to realize the electroweak symmetry breaking. An
elementary pseudoscalar $S$ is introduced to give masses for the composite
Nambu-Goldstone bosons (HC pions): the HC pion can be a good target to explore
through a diphoton channel at the LHC. As the consequence of the bosonic
seesaw, the fluctuating mode of $S$, which we call $s$, develops tiny couplings
to the SM particles and is predicted to be very light. The $s$ predominantly
decays to diphoton and can behave as an invisible axion-like dark matter. The
mass of the $s$-dark matter is constrained by currently available cosmological
and astrophysical limits to be $10^{-4} {\rm eV} \lesssim m_s \lesssim 1 \,{\rm
eV}$. We find that the sufficient amount of relic abundance for the $s$-dark
matter can be accumulated via the coherent oscillation. The detection potential
in microwave cavity experiments is also addressed.


title: Electrostatic PIC with adaptive Cartesian mesh

abstract:
  We describe an initial implementation of an electrostatic Particle-in-Cell
(ES-PIC) module with adaptive Cartesian mesh in our Unified Flow Solver
framework. Challenges of PIC method with cell-based adaptive mesh refinement
(AMR) are related to a decrease of the particle-per-cell number in the refined
cells with a corresponding increase of the numerical noise. The developed
ES-PIC solver is validated for capacitively coupled plasma, its AMR
capabilities are demonstrated for simulations of streamer development during
high-pressure gas breakdown. It is shown that cell-based AMR provides a
convenient particle management algorithm for exponential multiplications of
electrons and ions in the ionization events.


title:
Frequency thermal response and cooling performance in a microscopic
  system with a time-dependent perturbation

abstract:
  Following the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism we study the thermal
transport in a composite chain subject to a time-dependent perturbation. The
system is formed by two finite linear asymmetric harmonic chains subject to an
on-site potential connected together by a time-modulated coupling. The ends of
the chains are coupled to two phononic reservoirs at different temperatures. We
present the relevant equations used to calculate the heat current along each
segment. We find that the system presents different transport regimes according
the driving frequency and temperature gradients. One of the regimes corresponds
to a heat pump against thermal gradient, thus a characterization of the cooling
performance of the device is presented.


title: Structural transformations of Li2C2 at high pressures

abstract:
  Structural changes of Li2C2 under pressure were studied by synchrotron x-ray
diffraction in a diamond anvil cell under hydrostatic conditions and by using
evolutionary search methodology for crystal structure prediction. We show that
the high-pressure polymorph of Li2C2, which forms from the Immm ground-state
structure (Z = 2) at around 15 GPa, adopts an orthorhombic Pnma structure with
Z = 4. Acetylide C2 dumbbells characteristic of Immm Li2C2 are retained in Pnma
Li2C2. The structure of Pnma Li2C2 relates closely to the anticotunnite-type
structure. C2 dumbbell units are coordinated by nine Li atoms, as compared to
eight in the antifluorite structure of Immm Li2C2. First-principles
calculations predict a transition of Pnma Li2C2 at 32 GPa to a topologically
identical phase with a higher Cmcm symmetry. The coordination of C2 dumbbell
units by Li atoms is increased to 11. The structure of Cmcm Li2C2 relates
closely to the Ni2 In-type structure. It is calculated that Cmcm Li2C2 becomes
metallic at pressures above 40 GPa. In experiments, however, Pnma Li2C2 is
susceptible to irreversible amorphization.


title: $X(3872)$ production and absorption in a hot hadron gas

abstract:
  We calculate the time evolution of the $X(3872)$ abundance in the hot hadron
gas produced in the late stage of heavy ion collisions. We use effective field
Lagrangians to obtain the production and dissociation cross sections of
$X(3872)$. In this evaluation we include diagrams involving the anomalous
couplings $\pi D^*\bar{D}^*$ and $X \bar{D}^{\ast} D^{\ast}$ and also the
couplings of the $X(3872)$ with charged $D$ and $D^*$ mesons. With these new
terms the $X(3872)$ interaction cross sections are much larger than those found
in previous works. Using these cross sections as input in rate equations, we
conclude that during the expansion and cooling of the hadronic gas, the number
of $X(3872)$, originally produced at the end of the mixed QGP/hadron gas phase,
is reduced by a factor of 4.


title:
Gauge cooling for the singular-drift problem in the complex Langevin
  method --a test in Random Matrix Theory for finite density QCD

abstract:
  Recently, the complex Langevin method has been applied successfully to finite
density QCD either in the deconfinement phase or in the heavy dense limit with
the aid of a new technique called the gauge cooling. In the confinement phase
with light quarks, however, convergence to wrong limits occurs due to the
singularity in the drift term caused by small eigenvalues of the Dirac operator
including the mass term. We propose that this singular-drift problem should
also be overcome by the gauge cooling with different criteria for choosing the
complexified gauge transformation. The idea is tested in chiral Random Matrix
Theory for finite density QCD, where exact results are reproduced at zero
temperature with light quarks. It is shown that the gauge cooling indeed
changes drastically the eigenvalue distribution of the Dirac operator measured
during the Langevin process. Despite its non-holomorphic nature, this
eigenvalue distribution has a universal diverging behavior at the origin in the
chiral limit due to a generalized Banks-Casher relation as we confirm
explicitly.


title:
On the optimality of Periodic barrier strategies for a spectrally
  positive L\'evy process

abstract:
  We study the optimal dividend problem in the dual model where dividend
payments can only be made at the jump times of an independent Poisson process.
In this context, Avanzi et al. [5] solved the case with i.i.d. hyperexponential
jumps; they showed the optimality of a (periodic) barrier strategy where
dividends are paid at dividend-decision times if and only if the surplus is
above some level. In this paper, we generalize the results for a general
spectrally positive Levy process with additional terminal payoff/penalty at
ruin, and also solve the case with classical bail-outs so that the surplus is
restricted to be nonnegative. The optimal strategies as well as the value
functions are concisely written in terms of the scale function. Numerical
results are also given.


title:
Solar Limb Theoretical Tomography at Millimeter, Sub-millimeter, and
  Infrared Wavelengths

abstract:
  Semi-empirical models of the solar Chromosphere show in their emission
spectrum, tomography property at millimeter, sub-millimeter, and infrared
wavelengths for the center of the solar disk. In this work, we studied this
property in the solar limb using our numerical code PakalMPI, focusing in the
region where the solar atmosphere becomes optically thick. Individual
contribution of Bremsstrahlung and H- opacities was take into account in the
radiative transfer process. We found that the tomography property remains in
all the spectrum region under study at limb altitudes. For frequencies be-
tween 2 GHz and 5 THz the contribution of Bremsstrahlung is the dominant
process above the solar limb.


title: Helical gaps in interacting Rashba wires at low electron densities

abstract:
  Rashba spin-orbit coupling and a magnetic field perpendicular to the Rashba
axis have been predicted to open a partial gap ("helical gap") in the energy
spectrum of noninteracting or weakly interacting one-dimensional quantum wires.
By comparing kinetic energy and Coulomb energy we show that this gap opening
typically occurs at low electron densities where the Coulomb energy dominates.
To address this strongly correlated limit, we investigate Rashba wires using
Wigner crystal theory. We find that the helical gap exists even in the limit of
strong interactions but its dependence on electron density differs
significantly from the weakly interacting case. In particular, we find that the
critical magnetic field for opening the gap becomes an oscillatory function of
electron density. This changes strongly the expected signature of the helical
gap in conductance measurements.


title:
Partitioning tungsten between matrix precursors and chondrule precursors
  through relative settling

abstract:
  Recent studies of chondrites have found a tungsten isotopic anomaly between
chondrules and matrix. Given the refractory nature of tungsten, this implies
that W was carried into the solar nebula by at least two distinct families of
pre-solar grains. The observed chondrule/matrix split requires that the
distinct families were kept separate during the dust coagulation process, and
that the two families of grain interacted with the chondrule formation
mechanism differently. We take the co-existence of different families of solids
in the same general orbital region at the chondrule-precursor size as given,
and explore the requirements for them to have interacted with the chondrule
formation process at significantly different rates. We show that this sorting
of families of solids into chondrule and matrix destined dust had to have been
at least as powerful a sorting mechanism as the relative settling of
aerodynamically distinct grains at at least two scale heights above the
midplane. The requirement that the chondrule formation mechanism was correlated
in some fashion with a dust grain sorting mechanism argues strongly for
spatially localized chondrule formation mechanisms such as turbulent
dissipation in non-thermally ionized disk surface layers, and argues against
volume filling mechanisms such as planetesimal bow shocks.


title:
Derivation of the three-layer model for surface second-harmonic
  generation

abstract:
  We develop explicit expressions for the surface second-harmonic radiation
yield using the three layer model. We derive expressions that can be applied to
systems without and symmetry considerations, and then reduce them for the
(111), (110), and (100) surface symmetries.


title: Failure to replicate long-range tunable attractions in colloidal system

abstract:
  Recently, a temperature-sensitive long-range attraction colloidal system
exhibiting melting and pre-melting of colloidal crystals has been reported by
Li et al.[1]. If it is true, it would be an ideal system to simulate a board
range of phase transitions happening in atomic systems. We have reanalyzed
their data in [1] and have discovered great inconsistency in their radial
distribution functions g(r) and pair potentials u(r). We have tried to
reproduce their experimental results but failed to find the
temperature-sensitive long rang attraction as reported by Li et al. Based on
our experimental observations, We conclude that the melting and premelting
reported in their paper are non-equilibrium phenomena caused by non-uniform
temperature in the samples of Li et al..


title: Assessing the Computational Complexity of Multi-Layer Subgraph Detection

abstract:
  Multi-layer graphs consist of several graphs (layers) over the same vertex
set. They are motivated by real-world problems where entities (vertices) are
associated via multiple types of relationships (edges in different layers). We
chart the border of computational (in)tractability for the class of subgraph
detection problems on multi-layer graphs, including fundamental problems such
as maximum matching, finding certain clique relaxations (motivated by community
detection), or path problems. Mostly encountering hardness results, sometimes
even for two or three layers, we can also spot some islands of tractability.