title: Topologically Distinct Sets of Non-intersecting Circles in the Plane

abstract:
  Nested parentheses are forms in an algebra which define orders of
evaluations. A class of well-formed sets of associated opening and closing
parentheses is well studied in conjunction with Dyck paths and Catalan numbers.
Nested parentheses also represent cuts through circles on a line. These become
topologies of non-intersecting circles in the plane if the underlying algebra
is commutative.
  This paper generalizes the concept and answers quantitatively - as
recurrences and generating functions of matching rooted forests - the
questions: how many different topologies of nested circles exist in the plane
if (i) pairs of circles may intersect, or (ii) even triples of circles may
intersect. That analysis is driven by examining the symmetry properties of the
inner regions of the fundamental type(s) of the intersecting pairs and triples.


title: The Abell 85 BCG: a nucleated, core-less galaxy

abstract:
  New high-resolution r band imaging of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in
Abell 85 (Holm 15A) was obtained using the Gemini Multi Object Spectrograph.
These data were taken with the aim of deriving an accurate surface brightness
profile of the BCG of Abell 85, in particular its central region. The new
Gemini data show clear evidence of a previously unreported nuclear emission
that is evident as a distinct light excess in the central kiloparsec of the
surface brightness profile. We find that the light profile is never flat nor
does it present a downward trend towards the center of the galaxy. That is, the
new Gemini data show a different physical reality from the featureless,
"evacuated core" recently claimed for the Abell 85 BCG. After trying different
models, we find that the surface brightness profile of the BCG of Abell 85 is
best fit by a double Sersic model.


title: Mating, paper folding, and an endomorphism of PC^2

abstract:
  We are studying topological properties of the Julia set of the map $F(z,
p)=((2z/(p+1)-1)^2, ((p-1)/(p+1))^2)$ of the complex projective plane $PC^2$ to
itself. We show a relation of this rational function with an uncountable family
of "paper folding" plane filling curves.


title: On integer solutions to x^5 - (x+1)^5 -(x+2)^5 +(x+3)^5 = 5^m + 5^n

abstract:
  We give an infinite number of integer solutions to the Diophantine equation
x^5 - (x+1)^5 -(x+2)^5 +(x+3)^5 = 5^m + 5^n, and some solutions to some similar
equations.


title: On the Potts antiferromagnet on random graphs

abstract:
  Extending a prior result of Contucci et al (Comm. Math. Phys. 2013), we
determine the free energy of the Potts antiferromagnet on the Erd\"os-R\'enyi
random graph at all temperatures for average degrees $d \le (2k-1)\ln k - 2 -
k^{-1/2}$. In particular, we show that for this regime of $d$ there does not
occur a phase transition.


title: A complexity dichotomy for poset constraint satisfaction

abstract:
  In this paper we determine the complexity of a broad class of problems that
extends the temporal constraint satisfaction problems. To be more precise we
study the problems Poset-SAT($\Phi$), where $\Phi$ is a given set of
quantifier-free $\leq$-formulas. An instance of Poset-SAT($\Phi$) consists of
finitely many variables $x_1,\ldots,x_n$ and formulas
$\phi_i(x_{i_1},\ldots,x_{i_k})$ with $\phi_i \in \Phi$; the question is
whether this input is satisfied by any partial order on $x_1,\ldots,x_n$ or
not. We show that every such problem is NP-complete or can be solved in
polynomial time, depending on $\Phi$. All Poset-SAT problems can be formalized
as constraint satisfaction problems on reducts of the random partial order. We
use model-theoretic concepts and techniques from universal algebra to study
these reducts. In the course of this analysis we establish a dichotomy that we
believe is of independent interest in universal algebra and model theory.


title:
Three-Dimensional Model for Electrospinning Processes in Controlled Gas
  Counterflow

abstract:
  We study the effects of a controlled gas flow on the dynamics of electrified
jets in the electrospinning process. The main idea is to model the air drag
effects of the gas flow by using a non-linear Langevin-like approach. The model
is employed to investigate the dynamics of electrified polymer jets at
different conditions of air drag force, showing that a controlled gas
counterflow can lead to a decrease of the average diameter of electrospun
fibers, and potentially to an improvement of the quality of electrospun
products. We probe the influence of air drag effects on the bending
instabilities of the jet and on its angular fluctuations during the process.
The insights provided by this study might prove useful for the design of future
electrospinning experiments and polymer nanofiber materials.


title: Quantum diffusion in the Kronig-Penney model

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the 1D Schr\"odinger operator $H$ with periodic
point interactions. We show an $L^1-L^\infty$ bound for the time evolution
operator $e^{-itH}$ restricted to each energy band with decay order
$O(t^{-1/3})$ as $t\to \infty$, which comes from some kind of resonant state.
The order $O(t^{-1/3})$ is optimal for our model. We also give an asymptotic
bound for the coefficient in the high energy limit. For the proof, we give an
asymptotic analysis for the band functions and the Bloch waves in the high
energy limit. Especially we give the asymptotics for the inflection points in
the graphs of band functions, which is crucial for the asymptotics of the
coefficient in our estimate.


title: The distribution of the number of parts of $m$-ary partitions modulo $m$

abstract:
  We investigate the number of parts modulo $m$ of $m$-ary partitions of a
positive integer $n$. We prove that the number of parts is equidistributed
modulo $m$ on a special subset of $m$-ary partitions. As consequences, we
explain when the number of parts is equidistributed modulo $m$ on the entire
set of partitions, and we provide an alternate proof of a recent result of
Andrews, Fraenkel, and Sellers about the number of $m$-ary partitions modulo
$m$.


title:
Forming Chondrites in a Solar Nebula with Magnetically Induced
  Turbulence

abstract:
  Chondritic meteorites provide valuable opportunities to investigate the
origins of the solar system. We explore impact jetting as a mechanism of
chondrule formation and subsequent pebble accretion as a mechanism of accreting
chondrules onto parent bodies of chondrites, and investigate how these two
processes can account for the currently available meteoritic data. We find that
when the solar nebula is $\le 5$ times more massive than the minimum-mass solar
nebula at $a \simeq 2-3$ AU and parent bodies of chondrites are $\le 10^{24}$ g
($\le$ 500 km in radius) in the solar nebula, impact jetting and subsequent
pebble accretion can reproduce a number of properties of the meteoritic data.
The properties include the present asteroid belt mass, the formation timescale
of chondrules, and the magnetic field strength of the nebula derived from
chondrules in Semarkona. Since this scenario requires a first generation of
planetesimals that trigger impact jetting and serve as parent bodies to accrete
chondrules, the upper limit of parent bodies' masses leads to the following
implications: primordial asteroids that were originally $\ge 10^{24}$ g in mass
were unlikely to contain chondrules, while less massive primordial asteroids
likely had a chondrule-rich surface layer. The scenario developed from impact
jetting and pebble accretion can therefore provide new insights into the
origins of the solar system.


title: Effective Sequential Protocol Composition in Maude-NPA

abstract:
  Protocols do not work alone, but together, one protocol relying on another to
provide needed services. Many of the problems in cryptographic protocols arise
when such composition is done incorrectly or is not well understood. In this
paper we discuss an extension to the Maude-NPA syntax and its operational
semantics to support dynamic sequential composition of protocols, so that
protocols can be specified separately and composed when desired. This allows
one to reason about many different compositions with minimal changes to the
specification, as well as improving, in terms of both performance and ease of
specification, on an earlier composition extension we presented in [18]. We
show how compositions can be defined and executed symbolically in Maude-NPA
using the compositional syntax and semantics. We also provide an experimental
analysis of the performance of Maude-NPA using the compositional syntax and
semantics, and compare it to the performance of a syntax and semantics for
composition developed in earlier research. Finally, in the conclusion we give
some lessons learned about the best ways of extending narrowing-based state
reachability tools, as well as comparison with related work and future plans.


title: Yangian-type symmetries of non-planar leading singularities

abstract:
  We take up the study of integrable structures behind non-planar contributions
to scattering amplitudes in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. Focusing on leading
singularities, we derive the action of the Yangian generators on color-ordered
subsets of the external states. Each subset corresponds to a single boundary of
the non-planar on-shell diagram. While Yangian invariance is broken, we find
that higher-level Yangian generators still annihilate the non-planar on-shell
diagram. For a given diagram, the number of these generators is governed by the
degree of non-planarity. Furthermore, we present additional identities
involving integrable transfer matrices. In particular, for diagrams on a
cylinder we obtain a conservation rule similar to the Yangian invariance
condition of planar on-shell diagrams. To exemplify our results, we consider a
five-point MHV on-shell function on a cylinder.


title: Experimental Perfect Quantum State Transfer

abstract:
  The transfer of data is a fundamental task in information systems.
Microprocessors contain dedicated data buses that transmit bits across
different locations and implement sophisticated routing protocols. Transferring
quantum information with high fidelity is a challenging task, due to the
intrinsic fragility of quantum states. We report on the implementation of the
perfect state transfer protocol applied to a photonic qubit entangled with
another qubit at a different location. On a single device we perform three
routing procedures on entangled states with an average fidelity of 97.1%. Our
protocol extends the regular perfect state transfer by maintaining quantum
information encoded in the polarisation state of the photonic qubit. Our
results demonstrate the key principle of perfect state transfer, opening a
route toward data transfer for quantum computing systems.


title: Visco-Resistive Plasmoid Instability

abstract:
  The plasmoid instability in visco-resistive current sheets is analyzed in
both the linear and nonlinear regimes. The linear growth rate and the
wavenumber are found to scale as $S^{1/4} {\left( {1 + {P_m}} \right)}^{-5/8}$
and $S^{3/8} {\left( {1 + {P_m}} \right)}^{-3/16}$ with respect to the
Lundquist number $S$ and the magnetic Prandtl number $P_m$. Furthermore, the
linear layer width is shown to scale as $S^{-1/8} {(1+P_m)}^{1/16}$. The growth
of the plasmoids slows down from an exponential growth to an algebraic growth
when they enter into the nonlinear regime. In particular, the time-scale of the
nonlinear growth of the plasmoids is found to be $\tau_{NL} \sim S^{-3/16} {(1
+ P_m)^{19/32}}{\tau_{A,L}}$. The nonlinear growth of the plasmoids is
radically different from the linear one and it is shown to be essential to
understand the global current sheet disruption. It is also discussed how the
plasmoid instability enables fast magnetic reconnection in visco-resistive
plasmas. In particular, it is shown that the recursive plasmoid formation can
trigger a collisionless reconnection regime if $S \gtrsim L_{cs} {(\epsilon_c
l_k)^{-1}} {(1 + {P_m})^{1/2}}$, where $L_{cs}$ is the half-length of the
global current sheet and $l_k$ is the relevant kinetic length scale. On the
other hand, if the current sheet remains in the collisional regime, the global
(time-averaged) reconnection rate is shown to be $\left\langle {{{\left. {d\psi
/dt} \right|}_X}} \right\rangle \approx \epsilon_c v_{A,u} B_{u} {(1 +
{P_m})^{-1/2}}$, where $\epsilon_c$ is the critical inverse aspect ratio of the
current sheet, while $v_{A,u}$ and $B_{u}$ are the Alfv\'en speed and the
magnetic field upstream of the global reconnection layer.

categories: physics.plasm-ph astro-ph.HE astro-ph.SR physics.space-ph


title: PROMETHEE is Not Quadratic: An O(qn log(n)) Algorithm

abstract:
  It is generally believed that the preference ranking method PROMETHEE has a
quadratic time complexity. In this paper, however, we present an exact
algorithm that computes PROMETHEE's net flow scores in time O(qn log(n)), where
q represents the number of criteria and n the number of alternatives. The
method is based on first sorting the alternatives after which the unicriterion
flow scores of all alternatives can be computed in one scan over the sorted
list of alternatives while maintaining a sliding window. This method works with
the linear and level criterion preference functions. The algorithm we present
is exact and, due to the sub-quadratic time complexity, vastly extends the
applicability of the PROMETHEE method. Experiments show that with the new
algorithm, PROMETHEE can scale up to millions of tuples.


title: Interlinked Cycles for Index Coding: Generalizing Cycles and Cliques

abstract:
  We consider a graphical approach to index coding. While cycles have been
shown to provide coding gain, only disjoint cycles and cliques (a specific type
of overlapping cycles) have been exploited in existing literature. In this
paper, we define a more general form of overlapping cycles, called the
interlinked-cycle (IC) structure, that generalizes cycles and cliques. We
propose a scheme, called the interlinked-cycle-cover (ICC) scheme, that
leverages IC structures in digraphs to construct scalar linear index codes. We
characterize a class of infinitely many digraphs where our proposed scheme is
optimal over all linear and non-linear index codes. Consequently, for this
class of digraphs, we indirectly prove that scalar linear index codes are
optimal. Furthermore, we show that the ICC scheme can outperform all existing
graph-based schemes (including partial-clique-cover and
fractional-local-chromatic number schemes), and a random-coding scheme (namely,
composite coding) for certain graphs.


title: Mean-square radii in mixed-species systems in two dimensions

abstract:
  We calculate root-mean-square radii for a three-body system confined to two
spatial dimensions and consisting of two identical bosons ($A$) and one
distinguishable particle ($B$). We use zero-range two-body interactions between
each of the pairs, and focus thereby directly on universal properties. We solve
the Faddeev equations in momentum space and express the mean-square radii in
terms of first-order derivatives of the Fourier transforms of densities. The
strengths of the interactions are adjusted for each set of masses to produce
equal two-body bound-state energies between different pairs. The mass ratio,
${\cal A}=m_B/m_A$, between particles $B$ and $A$ are varied from $0.01$ to
$100$ providing a number of bound states decreasing from $8$ to $2$. Energies
and mean-square radii of these states are analyzed for small ${\cal A}$ by use
of the Born-Oppenheimer potential between the two heavy $A$-particles. For
large ${\cal A}$ the radii of the two bound states are consistent with a
slightly asymmetric three-body structure. When ${\cal A}$ approaches thresholds
for binding of the three-body excited states, the corresponding mean-square
radii diverge inversely proportional to the deviation of the three-body energy
from the two-body thresholds. The structures at these three-body thresholds
correspond to bound $AB$-dimers and one loosely bound $A$-particle.


title:
$K$-series X-ray yield measurement of kaonic hydrogen atoms in a gaseous
  target

abstract:
  We measured the $K$-series X-rays of the $K^{-}p$ exotic atom in the
SIDDHARTA experiment with a gaseous hydrogen target of 1.3 g/l, which is about
15 times the $\rho_{\rm STP}$ of hydrogen gas. At this density, the absolute
yields of kaonic X-rays, when a negatively charged kaon stopped inside the
target, were determined to be 0.012$^{+0.004}_{-0.003}$ for $K_{\alpha}$ and
0.043$^{+0.012}_{-0.011}$ for all the $K$-series transitions $K_{tot}$. These
results, together with the KEK E228 experiment results, confirm for the first
time a target density dependence of the yield predicted by the cascade models,
and provide valuable information to refine the parameters used in the cascade
models for the kaonic atoms.


title: Parafermion chain with $2\pi/k$ Floquet edge modes

abstract:
  We study parafermion chains with $\mathbb{Z}_k$ symmetry subject to a
periodic binary drive. We focus on the case $k=3$. We find that the chains
support different Floquet edge modes at nontrivial quasienergies, distinct from
those for the static system. We map out the corresponding phase diagram by a
combination of analytics and numerics, and provide the location of $2\pi/3$
modes in parameter space. We also show that the modes are robust to weak
disorder. While the previously studied $\mathbb{Z}_2$-invariant Majorana
systems posesses a transparent weakly interacting case where the existence of a
$\pi$-Majorana mode is manifest, our intrinsically strongly interacting
generalization demonstrates that the existence of such a limit is not
necessary.


title:
Temperature and voltage measurement in quantum systems far from
  equilibrium

abstract:
  We show that a local measurement of temperature and voltage for a quantum
system in steady state, arbitrarily far from equilibrium, with arbitrary
interactions within the system, is unique when it exists. This is interpreted
as a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. We further derive a
necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a solution. In this
regard, we find that a positive temperature solution exists whenever there is
no net population inversion. However, when there is a net population inversion,
we may characterize the system with a unique negative temperature. Voltage and
temperature measurements are treated on an equal footing: They are
simultaneously measured in a noninvasive manner, via a weakly-coupled
thermoelectric probe, defined by requiring vanishing charge and heat
dissipation into the probe. Our results strongly suggest that a local
temperature measurement without a simultaneous local voltage measurement, or
vice-versa, is a misleading characterization of the state of a nonequilibrium
quantum electron system. These results provide a firm mathematical foundation
for voltage and temperature measurements far from equilibrium.

categories: cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.MP


title:
Signatures of criticality arise in simple neural population models with
  correlations

abstract:
  Large-scale recordings of neuronal activity make it possible to gain insights
into the collective activity of neural ensembles. It has been hypothesized that
neural populations might be optimized to operate at a 'thermodynamic critical
point', and that this property has implications for information processing.
Support for this notion has come from a series of studies which identified
statistical signatures of criticality in the ensemble activity of retinal
ganglion cells. What are the underlying mechanisms that give rise to these
observations? Here we show that signatures of criticality arise even in simple
feed-forward models of retinal population activity. In particular, they occur
whenever neural population data exhibits correlations, and is randomly
sub-sampled during data analysis. These results show that signatures of
criticality are not necessarily indicative of an optimized coding strategy, and
challenge the utility of analysis approaches based on equilibrium
thermodynamics for understanding partially observed biological systems.


title: Cosmogenic Activation of Materials Used in Rare Event Search Experiments

abstract:
  We evaluate the cosmogenic production rates in some materials that are
commonly used as targets and shielding/supporting components for detecting rare
events. The results from Geant4 simulations are compared with the calculations
of ACTIVIA and the available experimental data. We demonstrate that the
production rates from the Geant4-based simulations agree with the available
data reasonably well. As a result, we report that the cosmogenic production of
several isotopes in various materials can generate potential backgrounds for
direct detection of dark matter and neutrinoless double-beta decay.


title:
A Fitting Model for Asymmetric I-V Characteristics of Graphene
  Field-Effect Transistors for Extraction of Intrinsic Mobilities

abstract:
  A fitting model is developed for accounting the asymmetric ambipolarities in
the I-V characteristics of graphene field-effect transistors (G-FETs) with
doped channels, originating from the thermionic emission and interband
tunneling at the junctions between the gated and access regions. Using the
model, the gate-voltage-dependent intrinsic mobility as well as other intrinsic
and extrinsic device parameters can be extracted. We apply it to a top-gated
G-FET with a graphene channel grown on a SiC substrate and with SiN gate
dielectric that we reported previously, and we demonstrate that it can
excellently fit its asymmetric I-V characteristic.


title: Crashing Modulus Attack on Modular Squaring for Rabin Cryptosystem

abstract:
  The Rabin cryptosystem has been proposed protect the unique ID (UID) in
radio-frequency identification tags. The Rabin cryptosystem is a type of
lightweight public key system that is theoretetically quite secure; however it
is vulnerable to several side-channel attacks. In this paper, a crashing
modulus attack is presented as a new fault attack on modular squaring during
Rabin encryption. This attack requires only one fault in the public key if its
perturbed public key can be factored. Our simulation results indicate that the
attack is more than 50\% successful with several faults in practical time. A
complicated situation arises when reconstrucing the message, including the UID,
from ciphertext, i.e., the message and the perturbed public key are not
relatively prime. We present a complete and mathematically rigorous message
reconstruction algorithm for such a case. Moreover, we propose an exact formula
to obtain a number of candidate messages. We show that the number is not
generally equal to a power of two.


title:
Study on the mapping of dark matter clustering from real space to
  redshift space

abstract:
  The mapping of dark matter clustering from real space to redshift space
introduces the anisotropic property to the measured density power spectrum in
redshift space, known as the redshift space distortion effect. The mapping
formula is intrinsically non-linear, which is complicated by the higher order
polynomials due to indefinite cross correlations between the density and
velocity fields, and the Finger-of-God effect due to the randomness of the
peculiar velocity field. Whilst the full higher order polynomials remain
unknown, the other systematics can be controlled consistently within the same
order truncation in the expansion of the mapping formula, as shown in this
paper. The systematic due to the unknown non-linear density and velocity fields
is removed by separately measuring all terms in the expansion directly using
simulations. The uncertainty caused by the velocity randomness is controlled by
splitting the FoG term into two pieces, 1) the "one-point" FoG term being
independent of the separation vector between two different points, and 2) the
"correlated" FoG term appearing as an indefinite polynomials which is expanded
in the same order as all other perturbative polynomials. Using 100 realizations
of simulations, we find that the Gaussian FoG function with only one
scale-independent free parameter works quite well, and that our new mapping
formulation accurately reproduces the observed 2-dimensional density power
spectrum in redshift space at the smallest scales by far, up to $k\sim
0.2h$Mpc, considering the resolution of future experiments.


title: Implicit-explicit linear multistep methods for stiff kinetic equations

abstract:
  We consider the development of high order asymptotic-preserving linear
multistep methods for kinetic equations and related problems. The methods are
first developed for BGK-like kinetic models and then extended to the case of
the full Boltzmann equation. The behavior of the schemes in the Navier-Stokes
regime is also studied and compatibility conditions derived. We show that,
compared to IMEX Runge-Kutta methods, the IMEX multistep schemes have several
advantages due to the absence of coupling conditions and to the greater
computational efficiency. The latter is of paramount importance when dealing
with the time discretization of multidimensional kinetic equations.


title: Polynomial Assignments for Bott-Samelson manifolds

abstract:
  Polynomial assignments for a torus $T$-action on a smooth manifold $M$ were
introduced by Ginzburg, Guillemin, and Karshon in 1999; they form a module over
$\mathbb{S}(\mathfrak{t}^*)$, the algebra of polynomial functions on
$\mathfrak{t}$, the Lie algebra of $T$. In this paper we describe the
assignment module $\mathcal{A}_T(M)$ for a natural $T$-action on a
Bott-Samelson manifold $M = BS^I$ and present a method for computing
generators.


title: U-BeAS: A Stackelberg Game for Device-to-Device Communications

abstract:
  User-behavior-aware communications will be a key feature of future generation
cellular networks, so user experience is enhanced with greater benefit to
users. In this paper, a user-behavior-aware Stackelberg (U-BeAS) game for
device-to-device (D2D) communications overlaying cellular communications is
proposed. Our proposed game provides an optimal trade-off between minimizing
transmit power and maximizing packet delivery ratio (PDR), with respect to D2D
user-behavior for all D2D pairs. The Stackelberg leader, base station (BS),
selects its satisfaction with the social welfare of the D2D followers by
considering the reaction of the followers to the price it charges. All
followers (D2D pairs) select transmit power so as to guarantee a desired
quality-of-experience (QoE), where each follower enacts one of three possible
behaviors: (i) casual; (ii) intermediate; or (iii) serious. Analysis shows that
there exists a sub-game perfect Stackelberg Equilibrium across all players.
Analysis and simulation demonstrates that the BS leader rapidly converges to an
optimal satisfaction while guaranteeing social welfare across D2D users, and
all D2D followers then rapidly converge to a Pareto-efficient outcome with
respect to transmit power and PDR.


title:
Robust fractional quantum Hall effect and composite fermions in the
  $N=2$ Landau level in bilayer graphene

abstract:
  The fractional quantum Hall (FQH) effect is a canonical example of
electron-electron interactions producing new ground states in many-body
systems. Most FQH studies have focused on the lowest Landau level (LL), whose
fractional states are successfully explained by the composite fermion (CF)
model, in which an even number of magnetic flux quanta are attached to an
electron and where states form the sequence of filling factors $\nu = p/(2mp
\pm 1)$, with $m$ and $p$ positive integers. In the widely-studied GaAs-based
system, the CF picture is thought to become unstable for the $N \geq 2$ LL,
where larger residual interactions between CFs are predicted and competing
many-body phases have been observed. Here we report transport measurements of
FQH states in the $N=2$ LL (filling factors $4 < \nu < 8$) in bilayer graphene,
a system with spin and valley degrees of freedom in all LLs, and an additional
orbital degeneracy in the 8-fold degenerate $N=0$/$N=1$ LLs. In contrast with
recent observations of particle-hole asymmetry in the $N=0$/$N=1$ LLs of
bilayer graphene, the FQH states we observe in the $N=2$ LL are consistent with
the CF model: within a LL, they form a complete sequence of particle-hole
symmetric states whose relative strength is dependent on their denominators.
The FQH states in the $N=2$ LL display energy gaps of a few Kelvin, comparable
to and in some cases larger than those of fractional states in the $N=0$/$N=1$
LLs. The FQH states we observe form, to the best of our knowledge, the highest
set of particle-hole symmetric pairs seen in any material system.


title:
Characterizing Diseases from Unstructured Text: A Vocabulary Driven
  Word2vec Approach

abstract:
  Traditional disease surveillance can be augmented with a wide variety of
real-time sources such as, news and social media. However, these sources are in
general unstructured and, construction of surveillance tools such as
taxonomical correlations and trace mapping involves considerable human
supervision. In this paper, we motivate a disease vocabulary driven word2vec
model (Dis2Vec) to model diseases and constituent attributes as word embeddings
from the HealthMap news corpus. We use these word embeddings to automatically
create disease taxonomies and evaluate our model against corresponding human
annotated taxonomies. We compare our model accuracies against several
state-of-the art word2vec methods. Our results demonstrate that Dis2Vec
outperforms traditional distributed vector representations in its ability to
faithfully capture taxonomical attributes across different class of diseases
such as endemic, emerging and rare.


title: Prime number theorems and holonomies for hyperbolic rational maps

abstract:
  We discuss analogues of the prime number theorem for a hyperbolic rational
map f of degree at least two on the Riemann sphere. More precisely, we provide
counting estimates for the number of primitive periodic orbits of f ordered by
their multiplier, and also obtain equidistribution of the associated
holonomies; both estimates have power savings error terms. Our counting and
equidistribution results will follow from a study of dynamical zeta functions
that have been twisted by characters of $S^1$. We will show that these zeta
functions are non-vanishing on a half plane $\Re(s) > \delta - \epsilon$, where
$\delta$ is the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set of f.


title: Generators for comonoids and universal constructions

abstract:
  We investigate cofree coalgebras, and limits and colimits of coalgebras in
some abelian monoidal categories of interest, such as bimodules over a ring,
and modules and comodules over a bialgebra or Hopf algebra. We find concrete
generators for the categories of coalgebras in these monoidal categories, and
explicitly construct cofree coalgebras, products and limits of coalgebras in
each case. This answers an open question of A. Agore on the existence of a
cofree coring, and constructs the cofree (co)module coalgebra on a
$B$-(co)module, for a bialgebra $B$.


title: On the Toeplitz-Jacobson algebra and direct finiteness

abstract:
  We study the representation theory of the algebraic Toeplitz algebra
$R={\mathbb K}\langle x,y\rangle/\langle xy-1\rangle$, give a few new structure
and homological theorems, completely determine one-sided ideals and survey and
re-obtain results from the existing literature as well. We discuss its
connection to Kaplansky's direct finiteness conjecture, and a possible approach
to it based on the module theory of $R$. In addition, we discuss the
conjecture's connections to several central problems in mathematics, including
Connes' embedding conjecture.


title: Robust Multi-body Feature Tracker: A Segmentation-free Approach

abstract:
  Feature tracking is a fundamental problem in computer vision, with
applications in many computer vision tasks, such as visual SLAM and action
recognition. This paper introduces a novel multi-body feature tracker that
exploits a multi-body rigidity assumption to improve tracking robustness under
a general perspective camera model. A conventional approach to addressing this
problem would consist of alternating between solving two subtasks: motion
segmentation and feature tracking under rigidity constraints for each segment.
This approach, however, requires knowing the number of motions, as well as
assigning points to motion groups, which is typically sensitive to the motion
estimates. By contrast, here, we introduce a segmentation-free solution to
multi-body feature tracking that bypasses the motion assignment step and
reduces to solving a series of subproblems with closed-form solutions. Our
experiments demonstrate the benefits of our approach in terms of tracking
accuracy and robustness to noise.


title:
Softening Mechanism of Coherent Phonons in Antimony Under High Density
  Photoexcitation

abstract:
  We have investigated the dynamical properties of coherent phonons generated
in antimony under high density photo excitation. Precise measurements and
extended analysis of coherent phonon oscillations provide new insights into the
process of impulsive softening. In the process of recovering from instantaneous
softening, phonon frequency shows an unexpected temporal evolution involving an
abrupt change and a slight overshoot. Moreover, fluence dependence of the
initial phonon frequency is strongly correlated with the phonon frequency shift
of the high-pressure Raman spectra. These results clearly prove that the
structural changes (lattice contraction and expansion) induced by laser
excitation governs the softening mechanism of coherent phonons.


title: Topological Induced Gravity

abstract:
  We propose a topological model of induced gravity (pregeometry) where both
Newton's coupling constant and the cosmological constant appear as integration
constants in solving field equations. The matter sector of a scalar field is
also considered, and by solving field equations it is shown that various types
of cosmological solutions in the FRW universe can be obtained. A detailed
analysis is given of the meaning of the BRST transformations, which make the
induced gravity be a topological field theory, by means of the canonical
quantization analysis, and the physical reason why such BRST transformations
are needed in the present formalism is clarified. Finally, we propose a
dynamical mechanism for fixing the Lagrange multiplier fields by following the
Higgs mechanism. The present study clearly indicates that the induced gravity
can be constructed at the classical level without recourse to quantum
fluctuations of matter and suggests an interesting relationship between the
induced gravity and the topological quantum field theory.


title:
Directed Self-Assembly of Linear Nanostructures by Optimal Control of
  External Electrical Fields

abstract:
  An optimal control strategy is developed to construct nanostructures of
desired geometry along line segments by means of directed self-assembly of
charged particles. Such a control strategy determines the electric potentials
of a set of electrodes located at fixed points in the line segment. The
particles move under the electric forces generated by these electrodes and by
the interactions between the particles themselves to form a desired pattern
eventually. Due to technology limitations, the particle positions cannot be
measured during the course of control, so that the control is open-loop in
nature. Such an open-loop control optimally changes the electrode potentials in
time in order to create a desired pattern with the highest probability, despite
the inherent uncertainty in the initial positions and the dynamical behaviors
of the particles. Two models are proposed to describe the uncertain dynamics of
the particles: a continuous model relying on a set of nonlinear stochastic
differential equations, and a discrete Ising model consisting of a large
dimensional continuous-time Markov chain. While the first model is more
mathematically tractable, the second one more precisely describes particles at
the nanometer scale. The control design procedure begins with the continuous
model and identifies the structure of its stable equilibria, which is used
later to propose a piecewise constant structure for the control and to
demonstrate that the optimal value of each piece is independently obtained from
a certain static optimization problem. It is shown next that the design
procedure can be applied to the discrete model with only minor modifications. A
numerical example of control design is presented.


title: Continuous Cocycle Superrigidity for Shifts and Groups with One End

abstract:
  In this article, we prove that if a finitely generated group $G$ is not
torsion then a necessary and sufficient condition for every full shift over $G$
has (continuous) cocycle superrigidity is that $G$ has one end. It is a
topological version of the well known Popa's measurable cocycle superrigidity
theorem. For the proof of sufficient condition, we introduce a new
specification property for shifts over general groups which play a similar role
as malleable property in the measurable setting. This new specification
property is good enough for us to extend the method using homoclinic
equivalence relation that was introduced by Klaus Schmidt to study cocycle
rigidity for $\mathbb{Z}^d$-shifts. Indeed, in this direction we prove this
superrigidity result for more certain general systems. And for the converse, we
apply Specker's characterization for ends of groups via the associated first
cohomology groups to get the result. Finally, combining our results with a
result of Xin Li, we have an application in continuous orbit equivalence
rigidity.


title: Highly super-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs in an extensive GRMHD framework

abstract:
  Our consistent effort to unravel the mystery of super-Chandrasekhar white
dwarfs (WDs), by exploiting the potential of magnetic fields, has brought this
topic considerable attention. This is also evident from the recent surge in the
corresponding literature. In the present work, by means of full-scale general
relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) numerical analysis, we confirm the
existence of stable, highly magnetized, significantly super-Chandrasekhar WDs
having mass exceeding 3 solar mass. We have explored various possible field
configurations, namely, poloidal, toroidal and mixed, by self-consistently
incorporating the departure from spherical symmetry induced by a strong
magnetic field. Such super-Chandrasekhar WDs can be ideal progenitors of
peculiar, over-luminous type Ia supernovae.


title:
T-duality simplifies bulk-boundary correspondence: the noncommutative
  case

abstract:
  We state and prove a general result establishing that T-duality simplifies
the bulk-boundary correspondence, in the sense of converting it to a simple
geometric restriction map. This settles in the affirmative several earlier
conjectures of the authors, and provides a clear geometric picture of the
correspondence. In particular, our result holds in arbitrary spatial dimension,
in both the real and complex cases, and also in the presence of disorder,
magnetic fields, and H-flux. These special cases are relevant both to String
Theory and to the study of the quantum Hall effect and topological insulators
with defects in Condensed Matter Physics.

categories: hep-th cond-mat.mes-hall math-ph math.MP math.QA


title:
Fermions in a mixed vector-scalar double-step potential via continuous
  chiral transformation

abstract:
  The behaviour of fermions in the background of a double-step potential is
analyzed with a general mixing of scalar and vector couplings via continuous
chiral-conjugation transformation. Provided the vector coupling does not exceed
the scalar coupling, a Sturm-Liouville approaching for the double-step
potential shows that the transmission coefficient exhibits oscillations and
that a finite set of intrinsically relativistic bound-state solutions might
appear as poles of the transmission amplitude in a strong coupling regime. An
isolated bound-state solution resulting from coupled first-order equations
might also come into sight. It is also shown that all those possible bound
solutions disappear asymptotically as one approaches the conditions for the
realization of the so-called spin and pseudospin symmetries in a
four-dimensional space-time. Furthermore, we show that due to the additional
mass acquired by the fermion from the scalar background the high localization
of the fermion in an extreme relativistic regime does not violate the
Heisenberg uncertainty principle.


title: On generalized estimating equations for vector regression

abstract:
  Generalized estimating equations (GEE; Liang & Zeger 1986) for general vector
regression settings are examined. When the response vectors are of mixed type
(e.g. continuous-binary response pairs), the GEE approach is a semiparametric
alternative to full-likelihood copula methods, and is closely related to the
mean-covariance estimation equations approach of Prentice & Zhao (1991). When
the response vectors are of the same type (e.g. measurements on left and right
eyes), the GEE approach can be viewed as a "plug-in" to existing methods, such
as the vglm function from the state-of-the-art VGAM R package of Yee (2015). In
either scenario, the GEE approach offers asymptotically correct inferences on
model parameters regardless of whether the working variance-covariance model is
correctly or incorrectly specified. The finite-sample performance of the method
is assessed using simulation studies based on a burn injury dataset (Song 2007)
and a Sorbinil eye trial dataset (Rosner et. al 2006). The method is applied to
data analysis examples using the same two datasets, as well as on a
presence/absence dataset on three plant species in the Hunua ranges of
Auckland.


title:
From Duels to Battefields: Computing Equilibria of Blotto and Other
  Games

abstract:
  We study the problem of computing Nash equilibria of zero-sum games. Many
natural zero-sum games have exponentially many strategies, but highly
structured payoffs. For example, in the well-studied Colonel Blotto game
(introduced by Borel in 1921), players must divide a pool of troops among a set
of battlefields with the goal of winning (i.e., having more troops in) a
majority. The Colonel Blotto game is commonly used for analyzing a wide range
of applications from the U.S presidential election, to innovative technology
competitions, to advertisement, to sports. However, because of the size of the
strategy space, standard methods for computing equilibria of zero-sum games
fail to be computationally feasible. Indeed, despite its importance, only a few
solutions for special variants of the problem are known.
  In this paper we show how to compute equilibria of Colonel Blotto games.
  Moreover, our approach takes the form of a general reduction: to find a Nash
equilibrium of a zero-sum game, it suffices to design a separation oracle for
the strategy polytope of any bilinear game that is payoff-equivalent. We then
apply this technique to obtain the first polytime algorithms for a variety of
games. In addition to Colonel Blotto, we also show how to compute equilibria in
an infinite-strategy variant called the General Lotto game; this involves
showing how to prune the strategy space to a finite subset before applying our
reduction. We also consider the class of dueling games, first introduced by
Immorlica et al. (2011). We show that our approach provably extends the class
of dueling games for which equilibria can be computed: we introduce a new
dueling game, the matching duel, on which prior methods fail to be
computationally feasible but upon which our reduction can be applied.


title:
Two-photon up-conversion affected by inter-molecule correlations near
  metallic nanostructure

abstract:
  We investigate an efficient two-photon up-conversion process in more than one
molecule coupled to an optical antenna. In the previous work [Y. Osaka et al.,
PRL 112, 133601 (2014)], we considered the two-photon up-conversion process in
a single molecule within one-dimensional input-output theory, and revealed that
controlling the antenna-molecule coupling enables the efficient up-conversion
with radiative loss in the antenna suppressed. In this work, aiming to propose
a way to enhance the total probability of antenna-photon scattering, we extend
the model to the case of multiple molecules. In general, the presence of more
than one molecule decreases the up-conversion probability because they equally
share the energy of the two photons. However, it is shown that we can overcome
the difficulty by controlling the inter-molecule coupling. Our result implies
that, without increasing the incident photon number (light power), we can
enlarge the net probability of the two-photon up-conversion.


title: A note on Lee-Yang zeros in the negative half-plane

abstract:
  We obtain lower bounds on the inverse compressibility of systems whose
Lee-Yang zeros of the grand-canonical partition function lie in the left half
of the complex fugacity plane. This includes in particular systems whose zeros
lie on the negative real axis such as the monomer-dimer system on a lattice. We
also study the virial expansion of the pressure in powers of the density for
such systems. We find no direct connection between the positivity of the virial
coefficients and the negativity of the L-Y zeros, and provide examples of
either one or both properties holding. An explicit calculation of the partition
function of the monomer-dimer system on 2 rows shows that there are at most a
finite number of negative virial coefficients in this case.


title:
Transmission dynamics of an SIS model with age structure on
  heterogeneous networks

abstract:
  Age at infection is often an important factor in epidemic dynamics. In this
paper a disease transmission model of SIS type with age dependent infection on
a heterogeneous network is discussed. The model allows the infectious rate and
the recovery rate to vary and depend on the age of the infected individual at
the time of infection. We address the threshold property of the basic
reproduction number and present the global dynamical properties of the
disease-free and endemic equilibria in the model. Finally, some numerical
simulations are carried out to illustrate the main results. The combined
effects of the network structure and the age dependent factor on the disease
dynamics are displayed.


title:
A large class of bound-state solutions of the Schr\"odinger equation via
  Laplace transform of the confluent hypergeometric equation

abstract:
  It is shown that analytically soluble bound states of the Schr\"odinger
equation for a large class of systems relevant to atomic and molecular physics
can be obtained by means of the Laplace transform of the confluent
hypergeometric equation. It is also shown that all closed-form eigenfunctions
are expressed in terms of generalized Laguerre polynomials. The generalized
Morse potential is used as an illustration.


title: Learning Multilayer Channel Features for Pedestrian Detection

abstract:
  Pedestrian detection based on the combination of Convolutional Neural Network
(i.e., CNN) and traditional handcrafted features (i.e., HOG+LUV) has achieved
great success. Generally, HOG+LUV are used to generate the candidate proposals
and then CNN classifies these proposals. Despite its success, there is still
room for improvement. For example, CNN classifies these proposals by the
full-connected layer features while proposal scores and the features in the
inner-layers of CNN are ignored. In this paper, we propose a unifying framework
called Multilayer Channel Features (MCF) to overcome the drawback. It firstly
integrates HOG+LUV with each layer of CNN into a multi-layer image channels.
Based on the multi-layer image channels, a multi-stage cascade AdaBoost is then
learned. The weak classifiers in each stage of the multi-stage cascade is
learned from the image channels of corresponding layer. With more abundant
features, MCF achieves the state-of-the-art on Caltech pedestrian dataset
(i.e., 10.40% miss rate). Using new and accurate annotations, MCF achieves
7.98% miss rate. As many non-pedestrian detection windows can be quickly
rejected by the first few stages, it accelerates detection speed by 1.43 times.
By eliminating the highly overlapped detection windows with lower scores after
the first stage, it's 4.07 times faster with negligible performance loss.


title:
A Note on Rational Cuspidal curves on $\mathbb{Q}$-Homology Projective
  Planes

abstract:
  We generalize results by Wakabayashi and Orevkov about rational cuspidal
curves on the projective plane to that on $\mathbb{Q}$-homology projective
planes. It turns out that the result is exactly the same as the projective
plane case under suitable assumptions. We also provide examples which
demonstrate sharpness of the results. The ambient surface is singular in these
examples.


title: Multiclass Classification, Information, Divergence, and Surrogate Risk

abstract:
  We provide a unifying view of statistical information measures, multi-way
Bayesian hypothesis testing, loss functions for multi-class classification
problems, and multi-distribution $f$-divergences, elaborating equivalence
results between all of these objects, and extending existing results for binary
outcome spaces to more general ones. We consider a generalization of
$f$-divergences to multiple distributions, and we provide a constructive
equivalence between divergences, statistical information (in the sense of
DeGroot), and losses for multiclass classification. A major application of our
results is in multi-class classification problems in which we must both infer a
discriminant function $\gamma$---for making predictions on a label $Y$ from
datum $X$---and a data representation (or, in the setting of a hypothesis
testing problem, an experimental design), represented as a quantizer
$\mathsf{q}$ from a family of possible quantizers $\mathsf{Q}$. In this
setting, we characterize the equivalence between loss functions, meaning that
optimizing either of two losses yields an optimal discriminant and quantizer
$\mathsf{q}$, complementing and extending earlier results of Nguyen et. al. to
the multiclass case. Our results provide a more substantial basis than standard
classification calibration results for comparing different losses: we describe
the convex losses that are consistent for jointly choosing a data
representation and minimizing the (weighted) probability of error in multiclass
classification problems.


title: Gravitational Effects on Measurements of the Muon Dipole Moments

abstract:
  If the technology for muon storage rings one day permits sensitivity to
precession at the order of $10^{-8}$ Hz, the local gravitational field of Earth
can be a dominant contribution to the precession of the muon, which, if
ignored, can fake the signal for a nonzero muon electric dipole moment (EDM).
Specifically, the effects of Earth's gravity on the motion of a muon's spin is
indistinguishable from it having a nonzero EDM of magnitude $d_\mu \sim
10^{-29}$ e cm in a storage ring with vertical magnetic field of $\sim$ 1 T,
which is significantly larger than the expected upper limit in the Standard
Model, $d_\mu \lesssim 10^{-36}$ e cm. As a corollary, measurements of Earth's
local gravitational field using stored muons would be a unique test to
distinguish classical gravity from general relativity with a bonafide quantum
mechanical entity, i.e., an elementary particle's spin.


title: Cascaded Subpatch Networks for Effective CNNs

abstract:
  Conventional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) use either a linear or
non-linear filter to extract features from an image patch (region) of spatial
size $ H\times W $ (Typically, $ H $ is small and is equal to $ W$, e.g., $ H $
is 5 or 7). Generally, the size of the filter is equal to the size $ H\times W
$ of the input patch. We argue that the representation ability of equal-size
strategy is not strong enough. To overcome the drawback, we propose to use
subpatch filter whose spatial size $ h\times w $ is smaller than $ H\times W $.
The proposed subpatch filter consists of two subsequent filters. The first one
is a linear filter of spatial size $ h\times w $ and is aimed at extracting
features from spatial domain. The second one is of spatial size $ 1\times 1 $
and is used for strengthening the connection between different input feature
channels and for reducing the number of parameters. The subpatch filter
convolves with the input patch and the resulting network is called a subpatch
network. Taking the output of one subpatch network as input, we further repeat
constructing subpatch networks until the output contains only one neuron in
spatial domain. These subpatch networks form a new network called Cascaded
Subpatch Network (CSNet). The feature layer generated by CSNet is called csconv
layer. For the whole input image, we construct a deep neural network by
stacking a sequence of csconv layers. Experimental results on four benchmark
datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and compactness of the proposed CSNet.
For example, our CSNet reaches a test error of $ 5.68\% $ on the CIFAR10
dataset without model averaging. To the best of our knowledge, this is the best
result ever obtained on the CIFAR10 dataset.


title: The homomorphism lattice induced by a finite algebra

abstract:
  Each finite algebra $\mathbf A$ induces a lattice~$\mathbf L_{\mathbf A}$ via
the quasi-order~$\to$ on the finite members of the variety generated
by~$\mathbf A$, where $\mathbf B \to \mathbf C$ if there exists a homomorphism
from $\mathbf B$ to~$\mathbf C$. In this paper, we introduce the question:
`Which lattices arise as the homomorphism lattice $\mathbf L_{\mathbf A}$
induced by a finite algebra $\mathbf A$?' Our main result is that each finite
distributive lattice arises as~$\mathbf L_{\mathbf Q}$, for some quasi-primal
algebra~$\mathbf Q$. We also obtain representations of some other classes of
lattices as homomorphism lattices, including all finite partition lattices, all
finite subspace lattices and all lattices of the form $\mathbf L\oplus \mathbf
1$, where $\mathbf L$ is an interval in the subgroup lattice of a finite group.


title: $J/{\psi}$ ${\to}$ $DP$, $DV$ decays in the QCD factorization approach

abstract:
  Motivated by the recent measurements on nonleptonic $J/{\psi}$ weak decays at
BESIII and the potential prospects of $J/{\psi}$ meson at the high-luminosity
heavy-flavor experiments, the branching ratios of the two-body nonleptonic
$J/{\psi}$ ${\to}$ $DP$, $DV$ decays are estimated quantitatively by
considering the QCD radiative corrections to hadronic matrix elements with the
QCD factorization approach. It is found that the Cabibbo favored $J/{\psi}$
${\to}$ $D_{s}^{-}{\rho}^{+}$, $D_{s}^{-}{\pi}^{+}$,
$\overline{D}_{u}^{0}\overline{K}^{{\ast}0}$ decays have branching ratios
${\gtrsim}$ $10^{-10}$, which might be promisingly detectable in the near
future.


title:
Platform Autonomous Custom Scalable Service using Service Oriented Cloud
  Computing Architecture

abstract:
  The global economic recession and the shrinking budget of IT projects have
led to the need of development of integrated information systems at a lower
cost. Today, the emerging phenomenon of cloud computing aims at transforming
the traditional way of computing by providing both software applications and
hardware resources as a service. With the rapid evolution of Information
Communication Technology (ICT) governments, organizations and businesses are
looking for solutions to improve their services and integrate their IT
infrastructures. In recent years advanced technologies such as SOA and Cloud
computing have been evolved to address integration problems. The Clouds
enormous capacity with comparable low cost makes it an ideal platform for SOA
deployment. This paper deals with the combined approach of Cloud and Service
Oriented Architecture along with a Case Study and a review.


title: A Universal Update-pacing Framework For Visual Tracking

abstract:
  This paper proposes a novel framework to alleviate the model drift problem in
visual tracking, which is based on paced updates and trajectory selection.
Given a base tracker, an ensemble of trackers is generated, in which each
tracker's update behavior will be paced and then traces the target object
forward and backward to generate a pair of trajectories in an interval. Then,
we implicitly perform self-examination based on trajectory pair of each tracker
and select the most robust tracker. The proposed framework can effectively
leverage temporal context of sequential frames and avoid to learn corrupted
information. Extensive experiments on the standard benchmark suggest that the
proposed framework achieves superior performance against state-of-the-art
trackers.


title: Asymptotic Analysis of Random Lattices in High Dimensions

abstract:
  This paper presents the asymptotic analysis of random lattices in high
dimensions to clarify the distance properties of the considered lattices. These
properties not only indicate the asymptotic value for the distance between any
pair of lattice points in high-dimension random lattices, but also describe the
convergence behavior of how the asymptotic value approaches the exact distance.
The asymptotic analysis further prompts new insights into the asymptotic
behavior of sphere-decoding complexity and the pairwise error probability (PEP)
with maximum-likelihood (ML) detector for a large number of antennas.


title:
Broad Balmer Absorption Line Variability: Evidence of Gas Transverse
  Motion in the QSO SDSS J125942.80+121312.6

abstract:
  We report on the discovery of broad Balmer absorption lines variability in
the QSO SDSS J125942.80+121312.6, based on the optical and near-infrared
spectra taken from the SDSS-I, SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey
(BOSS), and TripleSpec observations over a timescale of 5.8 years in the QSO's
rest-frame. The blueshifted absorption profile of H$\beta$ shows a variation of
more than 5$\sigma$ at a high velocity portion ($>3000\ \mathrm{km\ s}^{-1}$)
of the trough. We perform a detailed analysis for the physical conditions of
the absorber using Balmer lines as well as metastable He I and optical Fe II
absorptions ($\lambda 4233$ from b$^4$P$_{5/2}$ level and $\lambda 5169$ from
a$^6$S$_{5/2}$) at the same velocity. These Fe II lines are identified in the
QSO spectra for the first time. According to the photoionization simulations,
we estimate a gas density of $n(\mathrm{H})\approx 10^{9.1}\ \mathrm{cm}^{-3}$
and a column density of $N_{\mathrm{col}}(\mathrm{H})\approx 10^{23}\
\mathrm{cm}^{-2}$ for the BOSS data, but the model fails to predict the
variations of ionic column densities between the SDSS and BOSS observations if
changes in ionizing flux are assumed. We thus propose transverse motion of the
absorbing gas being the cause of the observed broad Balmer absorption line
variability. In fact, we find that the changes in covering factors of the
absorber can well-reproduce all of the observed variations. The absorber is
estimated $\sim 0.94$ pc away from the central engine, which is where the
outflow likely experiences deceleration due to the collision with the
surrounding medium. This scheme is consistent with the argument that LoBAL QSOs
may represent the transition from obscured star-forming galaxies to classic
QSOs.


title: Nonlocal homogenization for nonlinear metamaterials

abstract:
  We present a consistent theoretical approach for calculating effective
nonlinear susceptibilities of metamaterials taking into account both frequency
and spatial dispersion. Employing the discrete dipole model, we demonstrate
that effects of spatial dispersion become especially pronounced in the vicinity
of effective permittivity resonance where nonlinear susceptibilities reach
their maxima. In that case spatial dispersion may enable simultaneous
generation of two harmonic signals with the same frequency and polarization but
different wave vectors. We also prove that the derived expressions for
nonlinear susceptibilities transform into the known form when spatial
dispersion effects are negligible. In addition to revealing new physical
phenomena, our results provide useful theoretical tools for analysing resonant
nonlinear metamaterials.


title:
Exploring a missing link between peculiar, sub- and super-Chandrasekhar
  type Ia supernovae by modifying Einstein's gravity

abstract:
  Observations of several peculiar, under- and over-luminous type Ia supernovae
(SNeIa) argue for exploding masses widely different from the
Chandrasekhar-limit. We explore the modification to Einstein's gravity in white
dwarfs for the first time in the literature, which shows that depending on the
(density dependent) modified gravity parameter $\alpha$, chosen for the present
purpose of representation, limiting mass of white dwarfs could be significantly
sub- as well as super-Chandrasekhar. Hence, this unifies the apparently
disjoint classes of SNeIa, establishing the importance of modified Einstein's
gravity in white dwarfs. Our discovery questions both the global validity of
Einstein's gravity and the uniqueness of Chandrasekhar's limit.


title: A Short Proof of Strassen's Theorem Using Convex Analysis

abstract:
  We give a simple proof of Strassen's theorem on stochastic dominance using
linear programming duality, without requiring measure-theoretic arguments. The
result extends to generalized inequalities using conic optimization duality and
provides an additional, intuitive optimization formulation for stochastic
dominance.


title:
Removal of angular momentum by strong magnetic field stresses in
  advective accretion flows around black holes

abstract:
  We show that the removal of angular momentum is possible in the presence of
large scale magnetic stresses, arisen by fields much stronger than that
required for magnetorotational instability, in geometrically thick, advective,
sub-Keplerian accretion flows around black holes in steady-state, in the
complete absence of alpha-viscosity. The efficiency of such angular momentum
transfer via Maxwell stress, with the field well below its equipartition value,
could be equivalent to that of alpha-viscosity, arisen via Reynolds stress,
with $\alpha=0.01-0.08$. We find in our simpler vertically averaged advective
disk model that stronger the magnetic field and/or larger the vertical-gradient
of azimuthal component of magnetic field, stronger the rate of angular momentum
transfer is, which in turn may lead to a faster rate of outflowing matter,
which has important implications to describe the hard spectral states of black
hole sources. When the generic origin of alpha-viscosity is still being
explored, mechanism of efficient angular momentum transfer via magnetic
stresses alone is very interesting.


title: Shapes of polynomial Julia sets, revisited

abstract:
  Any finite union of disjoint, mutually exterior Jordan curves in the complex
plane can be approximated arbitrarily well in the Hausdorff topology by
polynomial Julia sets. Furthermore, the proof is constructive.


title:
A search for chaos in the blazar: W2R 1926+42 and its possible
  consequence

abstract:
  We search for low-dimensional chaotic signatures in the optical lightcurve of
the $Kepler$ field blazar W2R 1926+42. The frequently used correlation integral
method is employed in our analysis. We find no apparent evidence for the
presence of low-dimensional chaos in the lightcurve. If further confirmed,
these results could be of importance for modeling the blazar emission
mechanisms.


title:
Soft gamma-ray repeaters and anomalous X-ray pulsars as highly
  magnetized white dwarfs

abstract:
  We show that the soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars
(AXPs) can be explained as recently proposed highly magnetized white dwarfs
(B-WDs). The radius and magnetic field of B-WDs are perfectly adequate to
explain energies in SGRs/AXPs as the rotationally powered energy. While the
highly magnetized neutron stars require an extra, observationally not well
established yet, source of energy, the magnetized white dwarfs, yet following
Chandrasekhar's theory (C-WDs), exhibit large ultra-violet luminosity which is
observationally constrained from a strict upper limit.


title:
Discovery of a millisecond pulsar in the 5.4 day binary 3FGL
  J1417.5-4402: observing the late phase of pulsar recycling

abstract:
  In a search of the unidentified Fermi gamma-ray source 3FGL J1417.5-4402 with
the Parkes radio telescope, we discovered PSR J1417-4402, a 2.66 ms pulsar
having the same 5.4 day orbital period as the optical and X-ray binary
identified by Strader et al. The existence of radio pulsations implies that the
neutron star is currently not accreting. Substantial outflows from the
companion render the radio pulsar undetectable for more than half of the orbit,
and may contribute to the observed Halpha emission. Our initial pulsar
observations, together with the optically inferred orbit and inclination, imply
a mass ratio of 0.171+/-0.002, a companion mass of M_2=0.33+/-0.03 Msun, and a
neutron star mass in the range 1.77<M_1<2.13 Msun. However, there remains a
discrepancy between the distance of 4.4 kpc inferred from the optical
properties of the companion and the smaller radio dispersion measure distance
of 1.6 kpc. The smaller distance would reduce the inferred Roche-lobe filling
factor, increase the inferred inclination angle, and decrease the masses. As a
wide binary, PSR J1417-4402 differs from the radio-eclipsing black widow and
redback pulsars being discovered in large numbers by Fermi. It is probably a
system that began mass transfer onto the neutron star after the companion star
left the main sequence. The companion should end its evolution as a He white
dwarf in a 6-20 day orbit, i.e., as a typical binary millisecond pulsar
companion.


title:
Emergence of nonlinearity and plausible turbulence in accretion disks
  via hydromagnetic transient growth faster than magnetorotational instability

abstract:
  We investigate the evolution of hydromagnetic perturbations in a small
section of accretion disks. It is known that molecular viscosity is negligible
in accretion disks. Hence, it has been argued that Magnetorotational
Instability (MRI) is responsible for transporting matter in the presence of
weak magnetic field. However, there are some shortcomings, which question
effectiveness of MRI. Now the question arises, whether other hydromagnetic
effects, e.g. transient growth (TG), can play an important role to bring
nonlinearity in the system, even at weak magnetic fields. Otherwise, whether
MRI or TG, which is primarily responsible to reveal nonlinearity to make the
flow turbulent? Our results prove explicitly that the flows with high Reynolds
number (Re), which is the case of realistic astrophysical accretion disks,
exhibit nonlinearity by best TG of perturbation modes faster than that by best
modes producing MRI. For a fixed wavevector, MRI dominates over transient
effects, only at low Re, lower than its value expected to be in astrophysical
accretion disks, and low magnetic fields. This seriously questions (overall)
persuasiveness of MRI in astrophysical accretion disks.


title: Geometric spin echo under zero field

abstract:
  Spin echo is a fundamental tool for quantum registers and biomedical imaging.
It is believed that a strong magnetic field is needed for the spin echo to
provide long memory and high resolution since a degenerate spin cannot be
controlled or addressed under a zero magnetic field. While a degenerate spin is
never subject to dynamic control, it is still subject to geometric control.
Here we show the spin echo of a degenerate spin subsystem, which is
geometrically controlled via a mediating state split by the crystal field, in a
nitrogen vacancy center in diamond. The demonstration reveals that the
degenerate spin is protected by inherent symmetry breaking called zero-field
splitting. The geometric spin echo under zero field provides an ideal way to
maintain the coherence without any dynamics, thus opening the way to
pseudo-static quantum random access memory and non-invasive biosensors.


title:
On Tie Strength Augmented Social Correlation for Inferring Preference of
  Mobile Telco Users

abstract:
  For mobile telecom operators, it is critical to build preference profiles of
their customers and connected users, which can help operators make better
marketing strategies, and provide more personalized services. With the
deployment of deep packet inspection (DPI) in telecom networks, it is possible
for the telco operators to obtain user online preference. However, DPI has its
limitations and user preference derived only from DPI faces sparsity and cold
start problems. To better infer the user preference, social correlation in
telco users network derived from Call Detailed Records (CDRs) with regard to
online preference is investigated. Though widely verified in several online
social networks, social correlation between online preference of users in
mobile telco networks, where the CDRs derived relationship are of less social
properties and user mobile internet surfing activities are not visible to
neighbourhood, has not been explored at a large scale. Based on a real world
telecom dataset including CDRs and preference of more than $550K$ users for
several months, we verified that correlation does exist between online
preference in such \textit{ambiguous} social network. Furthermore, we found
that the stronger ties that users build, the more similarity between their
preference may have. After defining the preference inferring task as a Top-$K$
recommendation problem, we incorporated Matrix Factorization Collaborative
Filtering model with social correlation and tie strength based on call patterns
to generate Top-$K$ preferred categories for users. The proposed Tie Strength
Augmented Social Recommendation (TSASoRec) model takes data sparsity and cold
start user problems into account, considering both the recorded and missing
recorded category entries. The experiment on real dataset shows the proposed
model can better infer user preference, especially for cold start users.


title: Storm Detection by Visual Learning Using Satellite Images

abstract:
  Computers are widely utilized in today's weather forecasting as a powerful
tool to leverage an enormous amount of data. Yet, despite the availability of
such data, current techniques often fall short of producing reliable detailed
storm forecasts. Each year severe thunderstorms cause significant damage and
loss of life, some of which could be avoided if better forecasts were
available. We propose a computer algorithm that analyzes satellite images from
historical archives to locate visual signatures of severe thunderstorms for
short-term predictions. While computers are involved in weather forecasts to
solve numerical models based on sensory data, they are less competent in
forecasting based on visual patterns from satellite images. In our system, we
extract and summarize important visual storm evidence from satellite image
sequences in the way that meteorologists interpret the images. In particular,
the algorithm extracts and fits local cloud motion from image sequences to
model the storm-related cloud patches. Image data from the year 2008 have been
adopted to train the model, and historical thunderstorm reports in continental
US from 2000 through 2013 have been used as the ground-truth and priors in the
modeling process. Experiments demonstrate the usefulness and potential of the
algorithm for producing more accurate thunderstorm forecasts.


title: Loop W(a,b) Lie conformal algebra

abstract:
  Fix $a,b\in\C$, let $LW(a,b)$ be the loop $W(a,b)$ Lie algebra over $\C$ with
basis $\{L_{\a,i},I_{\b,j} \mid \a,\b,i,j\in\Z\}$ and relations
$[L_{\a,i},L_{\b,j}]=(\a-\b)L_{\a+\b,i+j},
[L_{\a,i},I_{\b,j}]=-(a+b\a+\b)I_{\a+\b,i+j},[I_{\a,i},I_{\b,j}]=0$, where
$\a,\b,i,j\in\Z$. In this paper, a formal distribution Lie algebra of $LW(a,b)$
is constructed. Then the associated conformal algebra $CLW(a,b)$ is studied,
where $CLW(a,b)$ has a $\C[\partial]$-basis $\{L_i,I_j\,|\,i,j\in\Z\}$ with
$\lambda$-brackets $[L_i\, {}_\lambda \, L_j]=(\partial+2\lambda) L_{i+j},
[L_i\, {}_\lambda \, I_j]=(\partial+(1-b)\lambda) I_{i+j}$ and $[I_i\,
{}_\lambda \, I_j]=0$. In particular, we determine the conformal derivations
and rank one conformal modules of this conformal algebra. Finally, we study the
central extensions and extensions of conformal modules.


title: Morphology and kinematics of the gas envelope of Mira Ceti

abstract:
  Observations of 12CO(3-2) emission of the circumbinary envelope of Mira Ceti,
made by ALMA are analysed. The observed Doppler velocity distribution is made
of three components: a blue-shifted south-eastern arc, which can be described
as a ring in slow radial expansion, ~1.7 km/s, making an angle of ~50 deg with
the plane of the sky and born some 2000 years ago; a few arcs, probably born at
the same epoch as the blue-shifted arc, all sharing Doppler velocities
red-shifted by approximately 3 +/- 2 km/s with respect to the main star; the
third, central region dominated by the circumbinary envelope, displaying two
outflows in the south-western and north-eastern hemispheres. At short distances
from the star, up to ~1.5", these hemispheres display very different
morphologies: the south-western outflow covers a broad solid angle, expands
radially at a rate between 5 and 10 km/s and is slightly red shifted; the
north-eastern outflow consists of two arms, both blue-shifted, bracketing a
broad dark region where emission is suppressed. At distances between ~1.5" and
~2.5" the asymmetry between the two hemispheres is significantly smaller and
detached arcs, particularly spectacular in the north-eastern hemisphere are
present. Close to the stars, we observe a mass of gas surrounding Mira B, with
a size of a few tens of AU, and having Doppler velocities with respect to Mira
B reaching +/-1.5 km/s, which we interpret as gas flowing from Mira A toward
Mira B.


title: A Fast Distributed Algorithm for Large-Scale Demand Response Aggregation

abstract:
  A major challenge to implementing residential demand response is that of
aligning the objectives of many households, each of which aims to minimize its
payments and maximize its comfort level, while balancing this with the
objectives of an aggregator that aims to minimize the cost of electricity
purchased in a pooled wholesale market. This paper presents a fast distributed
algorithm for aggregating a large number of households with a mixture of
discrete and continuous energy levels. A distinctive feature of the method in
this paper is that the nonconvex DR problem is decomposed in terms of
households as opposed to devices, which allows incorporating more intricate
couplings between energy storage devices, appliances and distributed energy
resources. The proposed method is a fast distributed algorithm applied to the
double smoothed dual function of the adopted DR model. The method is tested on
systems with up to 2560 households, each with 10 devices on average. The
proposed algorithm is designed to terminate in 60 iterations irrespective of
system size, which can be ideal for an on-line version of this problem.
Moreover, numerical results show that with minimal parameter tuning, the
algorithm exhibits a very similar convergence behavior throughout the studied
systems and converges to near-optimal solutions, which corroborates its
scalability.


title: GOGMA: Globally-Optimal Gaussian Mixture Alignment

abstract:
  Gaussian mixture alignment is a family of approaches that are frequently used
for robustly solving the point-set registration problem. However, since they
use local optimisation, they are susceptible to local minima and can only
guarantee local optimality. Consequently, their accuracy is strongly dependent
on the quality of the initialisation. This paper presents the first
globally-optimal solution to the 3D rigid Gaussian mixture alignment problem
under the L2 distance between mixtures. The algorithm, named GOGMA, employs a
branch-and-bound approach to search the space of 3D rigid motions SE(3),
guaranteeing global optimality regardless of the initialisation. The geometry
of SE(3) was used to find novel upper and lower bounds for the objective
function and local optimisation was integrated into the scheme to accelerate
convergence without voiding the optimality guarantee. The evaluation
empirically supported the optimality proof and showed that the method performed
much more robustly on two challenging datasets than an existing
globally-optimal registration solution.


title: Gravitational Wave Memory In dS$_{4+2n}$ and 4D Cosmology

abstract:
  We argue that massless gravitons in all even dimensional de Sitter (dS)
spacetimes higher than two admit a linear memory effect arising from their
propagation inside the null cone. Assume that gravitational waves (GWs) are
being generated by an isolated source, and over only a finite period of time.
Outside of this time interval, suppose the shear-stress of the GW source
becomes negligible relative to its energy-momentum and its mass quadrupole
moments settle to static values. We then demonstrate, the transverse-traceless
(TT) GW contribution to the perturbation of any dS$_{4+2n}$ written in a
conformally flat form -- after the source has ceased and the primary GW train
has passed -- amounts to a spacetime constant shift in the flat metric
proportional to the difference between the TT parts of the source's final and
initial mass quadrupole moments. As a byproduct, we present solutions to
Einstein's equations linearized about de Sitter backgrounds of all dimensions
greater than three. We then point out there is a similar but approximate tail
induced linear GW memory effect in 4D matter dominated universes. Our work here
serves to improve upon and extend the 4D cosmological results of
arXiv:1504.06337, which in turn preceded complementary work by Bieri, Garfinkle
and Yau (arXiv:1509.01296) and by Kehagias and Riotto (arXiv:1602.02653).


title: Full-deautonomisation of a lattice equation

abstract:
  In this letter we report on the unexpected possibility of applying the
full-deautonomisation approach we recently proposed for predicting the
algebraic entropy of second-order birational mappings, to discrete lattice
equations. Moreover, we show, on two examples, that the full-deautonomisation
technique can in fact also be successfully applied to reductions of these
lattice equations to mappings with orders higher than 2. In particular, we
apply this technique to a recently discovered lattice equation that has
confined singularities while being nonintegrable, and we show that our approach
accurately predicts this nonintegrable character. Finally, we demonstrate how
our method can even be used to predict the algebraic entropy for some
nonconfining higher order mappings.


title: Quantum entanglement of electrons in a biased 1D two-probe device

abstract:
  Electronic quantum entanglement between the central chain and the two
electrodes in an infinite one-dimensional two-probe device system is studied.
The entanglement entropy is calculated employing the nonequilibrium Green's
function method in the tight-binding model based on the relation between the
correlation matrix and the von Neumann entropy. By extending the entropy to
nonequilibrium cases, we have studied the scaling behavior when a voltage bias
is applied between the two electrodes. The entropy usually decreases with the
bias and may jump up when a quasi-state in the chain aligns in energy with the
band edges in the electrodes. Odd-even effect is observed due to the symmetry
of the chain.


title: Broadcast Repair for Wireless Distributed Storage Systems

abstract:
  In wireless distributed storage systems, storage nodes are connected by
wireless channels, which are broadcast in nature. This paper exploits this
unique feature to design an efficient repair mechanism, called broadcast
repair, for wireless distributed storage systems with multiple-node failures.
Since wireless channels are typically bandwidth limited, we advocate a new
measure on repair performance called repair-transmission bandwidth, which
measures the average number of packets transmitted by helper nodes per failed
node. The fundamental tradeoff between storage amount and repair-transmission
bandwidth is obtained. It is shown that broadcast repair outperforms
cooperative repair, which is the basic repair method for wired distributed
storage systems with multiple-node failures, in terms of storage efficiency and
repair-transmission bandwidth, thus yielding a better tradeoff curve.


title:
Instability analysis of spin torque oscillator with an in-plane
  magnetized free layer and a perpendicularly magnetized pinned layer

abstract:
  We study the theoretical conditions to excite a stable self-oscillation in a
spin torque oscillator with an in-plane magnetized free layer and a
perpendicularly magnetized pinned layer in the presence of magnetic field
pointing in an arbitrary direction. The linearized Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert
(LLG) equation is found to be inapplicable to evaluate the threshold between
the stable and self-oscillation states because the critical current density
estimated from the linearized equation is considerably larger than that found
in the numerical simulation. We derive a theoretical formula of the threshold
current density by focusing on the energy gain of the magnetization from the
spin torque during a time shorter than a precession period. A good agreement
between the derived formula and the numerical simulation is obtained. The
condition to stabilize the out-of-plane self-oscillation above the threshold is
also discussed.


title:
Dynamical signatures of molecular symmetries in nonequilibrium quantum
  transport

abstract:
  Symmetries play a crucial role in ubiquitous systems found in Nature. In this
work, we propose an elegant approach to detect symmetries by measuring quantum
currents. Our detection scheme relies on initiating the system in an
anti-symmetric initial condition, with respect to the symmetric sites, and
using a probe that acts like a local noise. Depending on the position of the
probe the currents exhibit unique signatures such as a quasi-stationary plateau
indicating the presence of meta-stability and multi-exponential decays in case
of multiple symmetries. The signatures are sensitive to the probe and vanish
completely when the timescale of the coherent system dynamics is much longer
than the timescale of the probe. These results are demonstrated using a
$4$-site model and an archetypal example of the para-benzene ring and are shown
to be robust under a weak disorder.


title:
Existence and uniqueness of solution of the differential equation
  describing the TASEP-LK coupled transport process

abstract:
  In this paper, the existence and uniqueness of solution of a specific
differential equation is studied. This equation originates from the description
of a coupled process by totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) and
Langmuir kinetics (LK). In the fields of physics and biology, the properties of
the TASEP-LK coupled process have been extensively studied by Monte Carlo
simulations and numerical calculations, as well as detailed experiments.
However, so far, no rigorous mathematical analysis has been given to the
corresponding differential equations, especially their existence and uniqueness
of solution. In this paper, using the upper and lower solution method, the
existence of solution of the steady state equation is obtained. Then using a
generalized maximum principle, we show that the solution constructed from the
upper and lower solution method is actually the unique solution in Câ space.
Moreover, the existence and uniqueness of solution of the time dependent
differential equation are also obtained in one specific space X\b{eta}. Our
results imply that the previous results obtained by numerical calculations and
Monte Carlo simulations are theoretically correct, especially the most
important phase diagram of particle density along the travel track under
different model parameters. The study in this paper provides theoretical
foundations for the analysis of TASEP-LK coupled process. At the same time, the
methods used in this paper may be instructive for studies about the more
general cases of the TASEP-LK process, such as the one with multiple travel
tracks or the one with multiple particle species.


title: Electronic Quantum Confinement in Cylindrical Potential Well

abstract:
  The effects of quantum confinement on the momentum distribution of electrons
confined within a cylindrical potential well have been analyzed. The motivation
is to understand specific features of the momentum distribution of electrons
when the electron behavior is completely controlled by the parameters of a
non-isotropic potential cavity. It is shown that studying the solutions of the
wave equation for an electron confined in a cylindrical potential well offers
the possibility to analyze the confinement behavior of an electron executing
one- or two-dimensional motion in the three-dimensional space within the
framework of the same mathematical model. Some low-lying electronic states with
different symmetries have been considered and the corresponding wave functions
have been calculated; the behavior of their nodes and their peak positions with
respect to the parameters of the cylindrical well has been analyzed.
Additionally, the momentum distributions of electrons in these states have been
calculated. The limiting cases of the ratio of the cylinder length H and its
radius R0 have been considered; when the cylinder length H significantly
exceeds its radius R0 and when the cylinder radius is much greater than its
length. The cylindrical quantum confinement effects on the momentum
distribution of electrons in these potential wells have been analyzed. The
possible application of the results obtained here for the description of the
general features in the behavior of electrons in nanowires with metallic type
of conductivity (or nanotubes) and ultrathin epitaxial films (or graphene
sheets) are discussed. Possible experiments are suggested where the quantum
confinement can be manifested.


title:
A computable branching random walk for the many-body Wigner quantum
  dynamics

abstract:
  A branching random walk algorithm for the many-body Wigner equation and its
numerical applications for quantum dynamics in phase space are proposed and
analyzed. After introducing an auxiliary function, the (truncated) Wigner
equation is cast into the integral formulation as well as its adjoint
correspondence, both of which can be reformulated into the renewal-type
equations and have transparent probabilistic interpretation. We prove that the
first moment of a branching random walk happens to be the solution for the
adjoint equation. More importantly, we detail that such stochastic model,
associated with both importance sampling and resampling, paves the way for a
numerically tractable scheme, within which the Wigner quantum dynamics is
simulated in a time-marching manner and the complexity can be controlled with
the help of an (exact) estimator of the growth rate of particle number. Typical
numerical experiments on the Gaussian barrier scattering and a Helium-like
system validate our theoretical findings, as well as demonstrate the accuracy,
the efficiency and thus the computability of the Wigner branching random walk
algorithm.


title: Design and Analysis Framework for Sparse FIR Channel Shortening

abstract:
  A major performance and complexity limitation in broadband communications is
the long channel delay spread which results in a highly-frequency-selective
channel frequency response. Channel shortening equalizers (CSEs) are used to
ensure that the cascade of a long channel impulse response (CIR) and the CSE is
approximately equivalent to a target impulse response (TIR) with much shorter
delay spread. In this paper, we propose a general framework that transforms the
problems of design of sparse CSE and TIR finite impulse response (FIR) filters
into the problem of sparsest-approximation of a vector in different
dictionaries. In addition, we compare several choices of sparsifying
dictionaries under this framework. Furthermore, the worst-case coherence of
these dictionaries, which determines their sparsifying effectiveness, are
analytically and/or numerically evaluated. Finally, the usefulness of the
proposed framework for the design of sparse CSE and TIR filters is validated
through numerical experiments.


title: Smallest Irreducible of the Form $x^2-dy^2$

abstract:
  It is a classical result that prime numbers of the form $x^2+ny^2$ can be
characterized via class field theory for an infinite set of $n$. In this paper
we derive the function field analogue of the classical result. Then we apply an
effective version of the Chebotarev density theorem to bound the degree of the
smallest irreducible of the form $x^2-dy^2$, where $x$, $y$, and $d$ are
elements of a polynomial ring over a finite field.


title: Convolutional Rectifier Networks as Generalized Tensor Decompositions

abstract:
  Convolutional rectifier networks, i.e. convolutional neural networks with
rectified linear activation and max or average pooling, are the cornerstone of
modern deep learning. However, despite their wide use and success, our
theoretical understanding of the expressive properties that drive these
networks is partial at best. On the other hand, we have a much firmer grasp of
these issues in the world of arithmetic circuits. Specifically, it is known
that convolutional arithmetic circuits possess the property of "complete depth
efficiency", meaning that besides a negligible set, all functions that can be
implemented by a deep network of polynomial size, require exponential size in
order to be implemented (or even approximated) by a shallow network. In this
paper we describe a construction based on generalized tensor decompositions,
that transforms convolutional arithmetic circuits into convolutional rectifier
networks. We then use mathematical tools available from the world of arithmetic
circuits to prove new results. First, we show that convolutional rectifier
networks are universal with max pooling but not with average pooling. Second,
and more importantly, we show that depth efficiency is weaker with
convolutional rectifier networks than it is with convolutional arithmetic
circuits. This leads us to believe that developing effective methods for
training convolutional arithmetic circuits, thereby fulfilling their expressive
potential, may give rise to a deep learning architecture that is provably
superior to convolutional rectifier networks but has so far been overlooked by
practitioners.


title:
Evidence for correlated states in a cluster of bosons with Rashba
  spin-orbit coupling

abstract:
  We study the ground state properties of spin-half bosons subjected to the
Rashba spin-orbit coupling in two dimensions. Due to the enhancement of the low
energy density of states, it is expected that the effect of interaction becomes
more important. After reviewing several possible ideal condensed states, we
carry out an exact diagonalization calculation for a cluster of the bosons in
the presence of strong spin-orbit coupling on a two-dimensional disk and reveal
strong correlations in its ground state. We derive a low-energy effective
Hamiltonian to understand how states with strong correlations become
energetically more favorable than the ideal condensed states.


title:
Nuclear medium effects in $F_{2A}^{EM}(x,Q^2)$ and
  $F_{2A}^{Weak}(x,Q^2)$ structure functions

abstract:
  Recent phenomenological analysis of experimental data on DIS processes
induced by charged leptons and neutrinos/antineutrinos beams on nuclear targets
by CTEQ collaboration has confirmed the observation of CCFR and NuTeV
collaborations, that weak structure function $F_{2A}^{Weak} (x,Q^2)$ is
different from electromagnetic structure function $F_{2A}^{EM} (x,Q^2)$ in a
nucleus like iron, specially in the region of low $x$ and $Q^2$. In view of
this observation we have made a study of nuclear medium effects on
$F_{2A}^{Weak} (x,Q^2)$ and $F_{2A}^{EM} (x,Q^2)$ for a wide range of $x$ and
$Q^2$ using a microscopic nuclear model. We have considered Fermi motion,
binding energy, nucleon correlations, mesonic contributions from pion and rho
mesons and shadowing effects to incorporate nuclear medium effects.
  The calculations are performed in a local density approximation using a
relativistic nucleon spectral function which includes nucleon correlations. The
numerical results in the case of iron nucleus are compared with the
experimental data.


title: Interacting Scalar Radiation and Dark Matter in Cosmology

abstract:
  We investigate possible cosmological effects of interacting scalar radiation
and dark matter. After its decoupling, scalar radiation can stream freely as
neutrinos or self-interact strongly as perfect fluid, highly depending on the
magnitude of its self-couplings. We obtain the general and novel structure for
self-scattering rate and compare it with the expansion rate of our Universe. If
its trilinear/cubic coupling is non-zero, scalar radiation can be eventually
treated as perfect fluid. Possible effects on CMB are also discussed. When this
scalar also mediates interaction among dark matter particles, the linear matter
power spectrum for large scale structure can be modified differently from other
models. We propose to use Debye shielding to avoid the singularity appearing in
the scattering between scalar radiation and dark matter.


title:
Elliptic gradient estimates for a nonlinear heat equation and
  applications

abstract:
  In this paper, we study elliptic gradient estimates for a nonlinear $f$-heat
equation, which is related to the gradient Ricci soliton and the weighted
log-Sobolev constant of smooth metric measure spaces. Precisely, we obtain
Hamilton's and Souplet-Zhang's gradient estimates for positive solutions to the
nonlinear $f$-heat equation only assuming the Bakry-\'Emery Ricci tensor is
bounded below. As applications, we prove parabolic Liouville properties for
some kind of ancient solutions to the nonlinear $f$-heat equation. Some special
cases are also discussed.


title:
Cross Sections for proton induced high energy $\gamma$-ray emission
  (PIGE) in reaction $^{19}$F(p,$\alpha\gamma$)$^{16}$O at incident proton
  energies between 1.5 and 4 MeV

abstract:
  We have studied the high energy gamma-rays produced in the reaction
$^{19}$F(p,$\alpha\gamma$)$^{16}$O for incident proton energies from 1.5 to 4.0
MeV over NaF/Ag and CaF$_2$/Ag thin targets in two different sets of data.
Gamma-rays were detected with a High Purity Ge detector with an angle of
130$^{o}$ with respect to the beam axis. The cross-sections for the high energy
gamma-rays of 6.129, 6.915 and 7.115 MeV have been measured for the whole group
between 5 and 7.2 MeV with accuracy better than 10\%. A new energy range was
covered and more points are included in the cross-sections data base expanding
the existing set of data. Results are in agreement with previous measurements
in similar conditions.


title:
New optimized Schwarz algorithms for one dimensional Schr\"odinger
  equation with general potential

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to develop new optimized Schwarz algorithms for the
one dimensional Schr{\"o}dinger equation with linear or nonlinear potential.
After presenting the classical algorithm which is an iterative process, we
propose a new algorithm for the Schr{\"o}dinger equation with time-independent
linear potential. Thanks to two main ingredients (constructing explicitly the
interface problem and using a direct method on the interface problem), the new
algorithm turns to be a direct process. Thus, it is free to choose the
transmission condition. Concerning the case of time-dependent linear potential
or nonlinear potential, we propose to use a pre-processed linear operator as
preconditioner which leads to a preconditioned algorithm. Numerically , the
convergence is also independent of the transmission condition. In addition,
both of these new algorithms implemented in parallel cluster are robust,
scalable up to 256 sub domains (MPI process) and take much less computation
time than the classical one, especially for the nonlinear case.


title:
Energy Efficient Transmission for Multicast Services in MISO Distributed
  Antenna Systems

abstract:
  This paper aims to solve the energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem for
multicast services in a multiple-input single-output (MISO) distributed antenna
system (DAS). A novel iterative algorithm is proposed, which consists of
solving two subproblems iteratively: the power allocation problem and the beam
direction updating problem. The former subproblem can be equivalently
transformed into a one-dimension quasi-concave problem that is solved by the
golden search method. The latter problem can be efficiently solved by the
existing method. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves
significant EE performance gains over the existing rate maximization method. In
addition, when the backhaul power consumption is low, the EE performance of the
DAS is better than that of the centralized antenna system (CAS).


title:
Evanescent field trapping of nanoparticles using nanostructured
  ultrathin optical fibers

abstract:
  While conventional optical trapping techniques can trap objects with
submicron dimensions, the underlying limits imposed by the diffraction of light
generally restrict their use to larger or higher refractive index particles. As
the index and diameter decrease, the trapping difficulty rapidly increases;
hence, the power requirements for stable trapping become so large as to quickly
denature the trapped objects in such diffraction-limited systems. Here, we
present an evanescent field based device capable of confining low index
nanoscale particles using modest optical powers as low as 1.2 mW, with
additional applications in the field of cold atom trapping. Our experiment uses
a nanostructured optical micro-nanofiber to trap 200 nm, low index contrast,
fluorescent particles within the structured region, thereby overcoming
diffraction limitations. We analyze the trapping potential of this device both
experimentally and theoretically, and show how strong optical traps are
achieved with low input powers.