title:
Exploring the Top-Higgs FCNC Couplings at Polarized Linear Colliders
  with Top Spin Observables

abstract:
  We study the nature of the flavor changing neutral couplings of the top quark
with the Higgs boson and the up/charm quark in the $t\bar{t}$ production at
linear colliders. There are previous bounds on such tqH couplings at both,
linear and hadronic colliders, with the assumption that it couples equally to
the left and the right handed fermions. In this paper we examine the chirality
of the tqH coupling and construct different observables which will be sensitive
to it. The kinematics of the emitted q from t $\rightarrow$ qH in $t\bar{t}$
production is discussed and it was found that the polar angle distribution of q
is sensitive to the chiral nature of tqH couplings. The observables in the
context of top-antitop spin correlations, which are sensitive to new physics in
the top decay are considered using different spin-quantization bases. It was
found that in particular the off-diagonal basis can be useful to distinguish
among the chiral tqH couplings. The sensitivity of the unpolarized ILC in
probing the couplings at the 3$\sigma$ level at $\sqrt{s}$ = 500 GeV and L =
500 fb$^{-1}$ is also studied, resulting in predicted BR(t $\rightarrow$ qH) <
1.19 $\times 10^{-3}$. This limit is further improved to BR(t $\rightarrow$ qH)
< 8.84 $\times 10^{-4}$ with the inclusion of initial beam polarization of left
handed electrons and right handed positrons.


title: Person Re-identification: Past, Present and Future

abstract:
  Person re-identification (re-ID) has become increasingly popular in the
community due to its application and research significance. It aims at spotting
a person of interest in other cameras. In the early days, hand-crafted
algorithms and small-scale evaluation were predominantly reported. Recent years
have witnessed the emergence of large-scale datasets and deep learning systems
which make use of large data volumes. Considering different tasks, we classify
most current re-ID methods into two classes, i.e., image-based and video-based;
in both tasks, hand-crafted and deep learning systems will be reviewed.
Moreover, two new re-ID tasks which are much closer to real-world applications
are described and discussed, i.e., end-to-end re-ID and fast re-ID in very
large galleries. This paper: 1) introduces the history of person re-ID and its
relationship with image classification and instance retrieval; 2) surveys a
broad selection of the hand-crafted systems and the large-scale methods in both
image- and video-based re-ID; 3) describes critical future directions in
end-to-end re-ID and fast retrieval in large galleries; and 4) finally briefs
some important yet under-developed issues.


title: The Calder\'on problem for connections

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the problem of identifying a connection $\nabla$ on
a vector bundle up to gauge equivalence from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map of
the connection Laplacian $\nabla^*\nabla$ over conformally transversally
anisotropic (CTA) manifolds. This was proved in \cite{LCW} for line bundles in
the case of the transversal manifold being simple -- we generalise this result
to the case where the transversal manifold only has an injective ray transform.
Moreover, the construction of suitable Gaussian beam solutions on vector
bundles is given for the case of the connection Laplacian and a potential,
following the works of \cite{CTA}. This in turn enables us to construct the
Complex Geometrical Optics (CGO) solutions and prove our main uniqueness
result. We also reduce the problem to a new non-abelian X-ray transform for the
case of simple transversal manifolds and higher rank vector bundles. Finally,
we prove the recovery of a flat connection in general from the DN map, up to
gauge equivalence, using an argument relating the Cauchy data of the connection
Laplacian and the holonomy.


title: On the regular representation of measures

abstract:
  We give sufficient conditions for a parametrised family of probability
measures on a Riemannian manifold with boundary to be represented by random
maps of class $C^k$. The conditions allow for the probability densities to
approach zero towards the boundary of the manifold. We also formulate two
obstructions to regular representability.


title: Linear Hypothesis Testing in Dense High-Dimensional Linear Models

abstract:
  We propose a methodology for testing linear hypothesis in high-dimensional
linear models. The proposed test does not impose any restriction on the size of
the model, i.e. model sparsity or the loading vector representing the
hypothesis. Providing asymptotically valid methods for testing general linear
functions of the regression parameters in high-dimensions is extremely
challenging -- especially without making restrictive or unverifiable
assumptions on the number of non-zero elements. We propose to test the moment
conditions related to the newly designed restructured regression, where the
inputs are transformed and augmented features. These new features incorporate
the structure of the null hypothesis directly. The test statistics are
constructed in such a way that lack of sparsity in the original model parameter
does not present a problem for the theoretical justification of our procedures.
We establish asymptotically exact control on Type I error without imposing any
sparsity assumptions on model parameter or the vector representing the linear
hypothesis. Our method is also shown to achieve certain optimality in detecting
deviations from the null hypothesis. We demonstrate the favorable finite-sample
performance of the proposed methods, via a number of numerical and a real data
example.


title:
Search for invisible decays of sub-GeV dark photons in missing-energy
  events at the CERN SPS

abstract:
  We report on a direct search for sub-GeV dark photons (A') which might be
produced in the reaction e^- Z \to e^- Z A' via kinetic mixing with photons by
100 GeV electrons incident on an active target in the NA64 experiment at the
CERN SPS. The A's would decay invisibly into dark matter particles resulting in
events with large missing energy. No evidence for such decays was found with
2.75\cdot 10^{9} electrons on target. We set new limits on the \gamma-A' mixing
strength and exclude the invisible A' with a mass < 100 MeV as an explanation
of the muon g_\mu-2 anomaly.


title:
Modelling the environment around five ultracool dwarfs via the radio
  domain

abstract:
  We present the results of a series of short radio observations of six
ultracool dwarfs made using the upgraded VLA in S (2--4GHz) and C (4--7GHz)
bands. LSR J1835+3259 exhibits a 100 percent right-hand circularly polarised
burst which shows intense narrowband features with a fast negative frequency
drift of about $-30$ MHz $\textrm{s}^{-1}$. They are superimposed on a fainter
broadband emission feature with a total duration of about 20 minutes, bandwidth
of about 1 GHz, centred at about 3.5 GHz, and a slow positive frequency drift
of about 1 MHz $\textrm{s}^{-1}$. This makes it the first such event detected
below 4 GHz and the first one exhibiting both positive and negative frequency
drifts. Polarised radio emission is also seen in 2MASS J00361617+1821104 and
NLTT 33370, while LP 349-25 and TVLM 513-46546 have unpolarised emission and
BRI B0021-0214 was not detected. We can reproduce the main characteristics of
the burst from LSR J1835+3259 using a model describing the magnetic field of
the dwarf as a tilted dipole. We also analyse the origins of the quiescent
radio emission and estimate the required parameters of the magnetic field and
energetic electrons. Although our results are non-unique, we find a set of
models which agree well with the observations.


title: p-subgroups in the space Cremona group

abstract:
  We prove that if $X$ is a rationally connected threefold and $G$ is a
$p$-subgroup in the group of birational selfmaps of $X$, then $G$ is an abelian
group generated by at most $3$ elements provided that $p\ge 17$. We also prove
a similar result for $p\ge 11$ under an assumption that $G$ acts on a
(Gorenstein) $G$-Fano threefold, and show that the same holds for $p\ge 5$
under an assumption that $G$ acts on a $G$-Mori fiber space.


title:
Quantifying moral foundations from various topics on Twitter
  conversations

abstract:
  Moral foundations theory explains variations in moral behavior using innate
moral foundations: Care, Fairness, Ingroup, Authority, and Purity, along with
experimental supports. However, little is known about the roles of and
relationships between those foundations in everyday moral situations. To
address these, we quantify moral foundations from a large amount of online
conversations (tweets) about moral topics on the social media site Twitter. We
measure moral loadings using latent semantic analysis of tweets related to
topics on abortion, homosexuality, immigration, religion, and immorality in
general, showing how the five moral foundations function in spontaneous
conversations about moral violating situations. The results indicate that
although the five foundations are mutually related, Purity is the most
distinctive foundation and Care is the most dominant foundation in everyday
conversations on immorality. Our study shows a new possibility of natural
language processing and social big data for moral psychology.


title: On Infinitesimal Strebel Points

abstract:
  In this paper, we prove that if $X$ is a Riemann surface of infinite analytic
type and $[\mu ]_T$ is any element of Teichm\"uller space, then there exists
$\mu_1 \in [\mu]_T$ so that $\mu_1$ is an infinitesimal Strebel point.


title: Microscopic Foundations of the Mei\ss ner Effect - Thermodynamic Aspects

abstract:
  We analyze the Mei\ss ner effect from first principles of quantum mechanics.
We show in particular the existence of superconducting states minimizing the
magnetic free-energy of BCS-like models and carrying surface currents which
annihilate the total magnetic induction inside the bulk in the thermodynamic
limit. This study is a step towards a complete explanation of the Mei\ss ner
effect from microscopic models. It remains indeed to prove that those states
are dynamically stable, i.e., quasi-stationary at low temperatures. Note that
our analysis shows that the Mei\ss ner effect is not necessarily related to an
effective magnetic susceptibility equal to $-1$.


title:
Effect of interface on epitaxy and magnetism in h-RFeO3/Fe3O4/Al2O3
  films (R=Lu, Yb)

abstract:
  We have carried out the growth of h-RFeO3 (001) (R=Lu, Yb) thin films on
Fe3O4 (111)/Al2O3 (001) substrates, and studied the effect of the h-RFeO3
(001)/Fe3O4 (111) interfaces on the epitaxy and magnetism. The observed
epitaxial relations between h-RFeO3 and Fe3O4 indicates an unusual matching of
Fe sub-lattices rather than a matching of O sub-lattices. The out-of-plane
direction was found to be the easy magnetic axis for h-YbFeO3 (001) but the
hard axis for Fe3O4 (111) in the h-YbFeO3 (001)/Fe3O4 (111)/Al2O3 (001) films,
suggesting a perpendicular magnetic alignment at the h-YbFeO3 (001)/Fe3O4 (111)
interface. These results indicate that Fe3O4 (111)/Al2O3 (001) could be a
promising substrate for epitaxial growth of h-RFeO3 films of well-defined
interface and for exploiting their spintronic properties.


title: Extrapolation and learning equations

abstract:
  In classical machine learning, regression is treated as a black box process
of identifying a suitable function from a hypothesis set without attempting to
gain insight into the mechanism connecting inputs and outputs. In the natural
sciences, however, finding an interpretable function for a phenomenon is the
prime goal as it allows to understand and generalize results. This paper
proposes a novel type of function learning network, called equation learner
(EQL), that can learn analytical expressions and is able to extrapolate to
unseen domains. It is implemented as an end-to-end differentiable feed-forward
network and allows for efficient gradient based training. Due to sparsity
regularization concise interpretable expressions can be obtained. Often the
true underlying source expression is identified.


title: Families of gauge conditions in BV formalism

abstract:
  In BV formalism we can consider a Lagrangian submanifold as a gauge
condition. Starting with the BV action functional we construct a closed form on
the space of Lagrangian submanifolds. If the action functional is invariant
with respect to some group $H$ and $\Lambda$ is an $H$-invariant family of
Lagrangian submanifold then under certain conditions we construct a form on
$\Lambda$ that descends to a closed form on $\Lambda/H.$ Integrating the latter
form over a cycle in $\Lambda/H$ we obtain numbers that can have interesting
physical meaning. We show that one can get string amplitudes this way. Applying
this construction to topological quantum field theories one obtains topological
invariants.


title: Batch Coloring of Graphs

abstract:
  In graph coloring problems, the goal is to assign a positive integer color to
each vertex of an input graph such that adjacent vertices do not receive the
same color assignment. For classic graph coloring, the goal is to minimize the
maximum color used, and for the sum coloring problem, the goal is to minimize
the sum of colors assigned to all input vertices. In the offline variant, the
entire graph is presented at once, and in online problems, one vertex is
presented for coloring at each time, and the only information is the identity
of its neighbors among previously known vertices. In batched graph coloring,
vertices are presented in k batches, for a fixed integer k > 1, such that the
vertices of a batch are presented as a set, and must be colored before the
vertices of the next batch are presented. This last model is an intermediate
model, which bridges between the two extreme scenarios of the online and
offline models. We provide several results, including a general result for sum
coloring and results for the classic graph coloring problem on restricted graph
classes: We show tight bounds for any graph class containing trees as a
subclass (e.g., forests, bipartite graphs, planar graphs, and perfect graphs),
and a surprising result for interval graphs and k = 2, where the value of the
(strict and asymptotic) competitive ratio depends on whether the graph is
presented with its interval representation or not.


title: Ab initio dynamical vertex approximation

abstract:
  Diagrammatic extensions of dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) such as the
dynamical vertex approximation (D$\Gamma$A) allow us to include non-local
correlations beyond DMFT on all length scales and proved their worth for model
calculations. Here, we develop and implement an AbinitioD$\Gamma$A approach for
electronic structure calculations of materials. Starting point is the
two-particle irreducible vertex in the two particle-hole channels which is
approximated by the bare non-local Coulomb interaction and all local vertex
corrections. From this we calculate the full non-local vertex and the non-local
self-energy through the Bethe-Salpeter equation. The AbinitioD$\Gamma$A
approach naturally generates all local DMFT correlations and all non-local $GW$
contributions, but also further non-local correlations beyond: mixed terms of
the former two and non-local spin fluctuations. We apply this new methodology
to the prototypical correlated metal SrVO$_3$.


title: Interplay between Deconfinement and Chiral Properties

abstract:
  We study interplay between confinement/deconfinement and chiral properties.
We derive some analytical relations of the Dirac modes with the confinement
quantities, such as the Polyakov loop, its susceptibility and the string
tension. For the confinement quantities, the low-lying Dirac eigenmodes are
found to give negligible contribution, while they are essential for chiral
symmetry breaking. This indicates no direct, one-to-one correspondence between
confinement/deconfinement and chiral properties in QCD. We also investigate the
Polyakov loop in terms of the eigenmodes of the Wilson, the clover and the
domain-wall fermion kernels, respectively.


title:
Computer simulations of randomly branching polymers: Annealed vs.
  quenched branching structures

abstract:
  We present computer simulations of three systems of randomly branching
polymers in d=3 dimensions: ideal trees and self-avoiding trees with annealed
and quenched connectivities. In all cases, we performed a detailed analysis of
trees connectivities, spatial conformations and statistical properties of
linear paths on trees, and compare the results to the corresponding predictions
of Flory theory. We confirm that, overall, the theory predicts correctly that
trees with quenched ideal connectivity exhibit {\it less} overall swelling in
good solvent than corresponding trees with annealed connectivity even though
they are more strongly stretched on the path level. At the same time, we
emphasize the inadequacy of the Flory theory in predicting the behaviour of
other, and equally relevant, observables like contact probabilities between
tree nodes. We show, then, that contact probabilities can be aptly
characterized by introducing a novel critical exponent, $\theta_{path}$, which
accounts for how they decay as a function of the node-to-node path distance on
the tree.


title:
Multiplicity dependence of light flavour hadron production at LHC
  energies in the strangeness canonical suppression picture

abstract:
  We present an analysis of data on light flavour hadron production as function
of event multiplicity at LHC energies measured by the ALICE collaboration. The
strangeness-canonical approach within the framework of the THERMUS statistical
hadronisation model is used for a simultaneous description of pp, p-Pb, and
Pb-Pb collisions. The rapidity window dependence of the strangeness correlation
volume is addressed and a value of $\Delta y = 1.33 \pm 0.28$ is found. With
the exception of the $\phi$-meson, an excellent description of the experimental
data is found.


title:
Efficient Algorithm for Scalable Event-based Demand Response Management
  in Microgrids

abstract:
  Demand response management has become one of the key enabling technologies
for smart grids. Motivated by the increasing demand response incentives offered
by service operators, more customers are subscribing to various demand response
programs. However, with growing customer participation, the problem of
determining the optimal loads to be curtailed in a microgrid during
contingencies within a feasible time frame becomes computationally hard. This
paper proposes an efficient approximation algorithm for event-based demand
response management in microgrids. In event-based management, it is important
to curtail loads as fast as possible to maintain the stability of a microgrid
during the islanded mode in a scalable manner. A simple greedy approach is
presented that can rapidly determine a close-to-optimal load curtailment scheme
to maximize the aggregate customer utility in milliseconds for a large number
of customers. This paper further derives a novel theoretical guarantee of the
gap between the proposed efficient algorithm and the optimal solution (that may
be computationally hard to obtain). The performance of algorithm is
corroborated extensively by simulations with up to thousands of customers. For
the sake of practicality, the proposed event-based demand response management
algorithm is applied to a feeder from the Canadian benchmark distribution
system. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach
efficiently optimizes microgrid operation during islanded mode while
maintaining appropriate voltage levels and network constrains.


title: Beta-decay study of $T_z=-2$ proton-rich nucleus $^{20}$Mg

abstract:
  The $\beta$ decay of the drip-line nucleus $^{20}$Mg gives important
information on resonances in $^{20}$Na, which are relevant for the
astrophysical $rp$-process. A detailed $\beta$ decay spectroscopic study of
$^{20}$Mg was performed by a continuous-implantation method. A detection system
was specially developed for charged-particle decay studies, giving improved
spectroscopic information including the half-life of $^{20}$Mg, the excitation
energies, the branching ratios, and the log $ft$ values for the states in
$^{20}$Na populated in the $\beta$ decay of $^{20}$Mg. A new proton branch was
observed and the corresponding excited state in $^{20}$Na was proposed. The
large isospin asymmetry for the mirror decays of $^{20}$Mg and $^{20}$O was
reproduced, as well. However, no conclusive conclusion can be draw about the
astrophysically interesting 2645~keV resonance in $^{20}$Na due to the limited
statistics.


title: Coarse equivalence and topological couplings of locally compact groups

abstract:
  A result due to M. Gromov states that any two finitely generated groups
{\Gamma} and {\Lambda} are quasi-isometric if and only if they admit a
topological coupling, i.e., a commuting pair of proper continuous cocompact
actions $\Gamma\curvearrowright X\curvearrowleft \Lambda$ on a locally compact
Hausdorff space. This result is extended here to all (compactly generated)
locally compact second countable groups.


title:
On Biconservative Lorentz Hypersurface with non-diagonalizable shape
  operator

abstract:
  In this paper, we obtain some properties of biconservative Lorentz
hypersurface $M_{1}^{n}$ in $E_{1}^{n+1}$ having shape operator with complex
eigen values. We prove that every biconservative Lorentz hypersurface
$M_{1}^{n}$ in $E_{1}^{n+1}$ whose shape operator has complex eigen values with
at most five distinct principal curvatures has constant mean curvature. Also,
we investigate such type of hypersurface with constant length of second
fundamental form having six distinct principal curvatures.


title:
On a generalization of the concept of S-permutable subgroup of a finite
  group

abstract:
  Let $\sigma=\{\pi_i | i\in I$ and $\pi_i\cap\pi_j=\emptyset$ for all $i\neq
j\}$ be a partition of the set of all primes into mutually disjoint subsets. In
this paper we considered subgroups that permutes with given sets of
$\pi_i$-maximal subgroups for all $\pi_i\in \sigma$. In particular we showed
that such subgroups forms a sublattice of the lattice of all subgroups of a
finite group. As corollaries we obtained some well known results about
$S$-permutable subgroups.


title: Scalable Construction of Text Indexes

abstract:
  The suffix array is the key to efficient solutions for myriads of string
processing problems in different applications domains, like data compression,
data mining, or Bioinformatics. With the rapid growth of available data, suffix
array construction algorithms had to be adapted to advanced computational
models such as external memory and distributed computing. In this article, we
present five suffix array construction algorithms utilizing the new algorithmic
big data batch processing framework Thrill, which allows us to process input
sizes in orders of magnitude that have not been considered before.


title: Some Remarks on the $C^0$-(in)extendibility of Spacetimes

abstract:
  The existence, established over the past number of years and supporting
earlier work of Ori [14], of physically relevant black hole spacetimes that
admit $C^0$ metric extensions beyond the future Cauchy horizon, while being
$C^2$-inextendible, has focused attention on fundamental issues concerning the
strong cosmic censorship conjecture. These issues were recently discussed in
the work of Jan Sbierski [17], in which he established the (nonobvious) fact
that the Schwarschild solution in global Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates is
$C^0$-inextendible. In this paper we review aspects of Sbierski's methodology
in a general context, and use similar techniques, along with some new
observations, to consider the $C^0$-inextendibility of open FLRW cosmological
models. We find that a certain special class of open FLRW spacetimes, which we
have dubbed `Milne-like,' actually admit $C^0$ extensions through the big bang.
For spacetimes that are not Milne-like, we prove some inextendibility results
within the class of spherically symmetric spacetimes.


title:
Investigation of Synthetic Speech Detection Using Frame- and
  Segment-Specific Importance Weighting

abstract:
  Speaker verification systems are vulnerable to spoofing attacks which
presents a major problem in their real-life deployment. To date, most of the
proposed synthetic speech detectors (SSDs) have weighted the importance of
different segments of speech equally. However, different attack methods have
different strengths and weaknesses and the traces that they leave may be short
or long term acoustic artifacts. Moreover, those may occur for only particular
phonemes or sounds. Here, we propose three algorithms that weigh
likelihood-ratio scores of individual frames, phonemes, and sound-classes
depending on their importance for the SSD. Significant improvement over the
baseline system has been obtained for known attack methods that were used in
training the SSDs. However, improvement with unknown attack types was not
substantial. Thus, the type of distortions that were caused by the unknown
systems were different and could not be captured better with the proposed SSD
compared to the baseline SSD.


title:
High critical magnetic field superconducting contacts to Ge/Si
  core/shell nanowires

abstract:
  Contacts between high critical field superconductors and semiconductor
nanowires are important in the context of topological quantum circuits in which
superconductivity must be sustained to high magnetic fields. Here we
demonstrate gate-tunable supercurrent in NbTiN-Ge/Si core/shell nanowire-NbTiN
junctions. We observe supercurrents up to magnetic fields of 800 mT. The
induced soft superconducting gap measured by co-tunneling through a quantum dot
is 220 {\mu}eV. To improve contact transparency, we deposit an aluminum
interlayer prior to NbTiN and observe a systematic change in the device
pinch-off voltages with aluminum thickness. We inform future multi-step device
fabrication by observing that aluminum anneals with the Ge/Si nanowire at
180{\deg} celsius, the baking temperature of common electron beam lithography
resists.


title:
Scatter broadening of pulsars and implications on the interstellar
  medium turbulence

abstract:
  Observations reveal a uniform Kolmogorov turbulence throughout the diffuse
ionized interstellar medium (ISM) and supersonic turbulence preferentially
located in the Galactic plane. Correspondingly, we consider the Galactic
distribution of electron density fluctuations consisting of not only a
Kolmogorov density spectrum but also a short-wave-dominated density spectrum
with the density structure formed at small scales due to shocks. The resulting
dependence of the scatter broadening time on the dispersion measure (DM)
naturally interprets the existing observational data for both low and high-DM
pulsars. According to the criteria that we derive for a quantitative
determination of scattering regimes over wide ranges of DMs and frequencies
$\nu$, we find that the pulsars with low DMs are primarily scattered by the
Kolmogorov turbulence, while those at low Galactic latitudes with high DMs
undergo more enhanced scattering dominated by the supersonic turbulence, where
the corresponding density spectrum has a spectral index $\approx 2.6$. Besides,
by considering a volume filling factor of the density structures with the
dependence on $\nu$ as $\propto \nu^{1.4}$ in the supersonic turbulence, our
model can also explain the observed shallower $\nu$ scaling of the scattering
time than the Kolmogorov scaling for the pulsars with relatively large DMs. The
comparison between our analytical results and the scattering measurements of
pulsars in turn makes a useful probe of the properties of the large-scale ISM
turbulence, e.g., an injection scale of $\sim 100$ pc, and also characteristics
of small-scale density structures.


title: Quantum Theory of Continuum Optomechanics

abstract:
  We present the basic ingredients of continuum optomechanics, i.e. the
suitable extension of cavity-optomechanical concepts to the interaction of
photons and phonons in an extended waveguide. We introduce a real-space picture
and argue which coupling terms may arise in leading order in the spatial
derivatives. This picture allows us to discuss quantum noise, dissipation, and
the correct boundary conditions at the waveguide entrance. The connections both
to optomechanical arrays as well as to the theory of Brillouin scattering in
waveguides are highlighted. We identify the 'strong coupling regime' of
continuum optomechanics that may be accessible in future experiments.


title:
Display Advertising with Real-Time Bidding (RTB) and Behavioural
  Targeting

abstract:
  The most significant progress in recent years in online display advertising
is what is known as the Real-Time Bidding (RTB) mechanism to buy and sell ads.
RTB essentially facilitates buying an individual ad impression in real time
while it is still being generated from a user's visit. RTB not only scales up
the buying process by aggregating a large amount of available inventories
across publishers but, most importantly, enables direct targeting of individual
users. As such, RTB has fundamentally changed the landscape of digital
marketing. Scientifically, the demand for automation, integration and
optimisation in RTB also brings new research opportunities in information
retrieval, data mining, machine learning and other related fields. In this
monograph, an overview is given of the fundamental infrastructure, algorithms,
and technical solutions of this new frontier of computational advertising. The
covered topics include user response prediction, bid landscape forecasting,
bidding algorithms, revenue optimisation, statistical arbitrage, dynamic
pricing, and ad fraud detection.


title:
Energy dissipative numerical scheme for gradient flows of planar curves
  using discrete partial derivatives and B-spline curves

abstract:
  In this paper, we develop an energy dissipative numerical scheme for gradient
flows of planar curves, such as the curvature flow and the elastic flow. Our
study presents a general framework for solving such equations. To discretize
time, we use a similar approach to the discrete partial derivative method,
which is a structure-preserving method for the gradient flows of graphs. For
the approximation of curves, we use B-spline curves. Owing to the smoothness of
B-spline functions, we can directly address higher order derivatives. In the
last part of the paper, we consider some numerical examples of the elastic
flow, which exhibit topology-changing solutions and more complicated evolution.
Videos illustrating our method are available on YouTube.


title:
Interdiffusion in epitaxial ultrathin Co2FeAl/MgO heterostructures with
  interface-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

abstract:
  The structures of epitaxial ultrathin Co2FeAl/MgO(001) heterostructures
relating to the interface-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) were
investigated using scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive
x-ray spectroscopy, and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. We found that Al
atoms from the Co2FeAl layer significantly interdiffuse into MgO, forming an
Al-deficient Co-Fe-Al/Mg-Al-O structure near the Co2FeAl/MgO interface. This
atomic replacement may play an additional role for enhancing PMA, which is
consistent with the observed large perpendicular orbital magnetic moments of Fe
atoms at the interface. This work suggests that control of interdiffusion at
ferromanget/barrier interfaces is critical for designing an interface-induced
PMA system.


title:
Positivity-preserving and asymptotic preserving method for 2D
  Keller-Segal equations

abstract:
  We propose a semi-discrete scheme for 2D Keller-Segel equations based on a
symmetrization reformation, which is equivalent to the convex splitting method
and is free of any nonlinear solver. We show that, this new scheme is
unconditionally stable as long as the initial condition does not exceed certain
threshold, and it asymptotically preserves the quasi-static limit in the
transient regime. Furthermore, we prove that the fully discrete scheme is
conservative and positivity preserving, which makes it ideal for simulations.
The analogical schemes for the radial symmetric cases and the subcritical
degenerate cases are also presented and analyzed. With extensive numerical
tests, we verify the claimed properties of the methods and demonstrate their
superiority in various challenging applications.


title:
Fully Character-Level Neural Machine Translation without Explicit
  Segmentation

abstract:
  Most existing machine translation systems operate at the level of words,
relying on explicit segmentation to extract tokens. We introduce a neural
machine translation (NMT) model that maps a source character sequence to a
target character sequence without any segmentation. We employ a character-level
convolutional network with max-pooling at the encoder to reduce the length of
source representation, allowing the model to be trained at a speed comparable
to subword-level models while capturing local regularities. Our
character-to-character model outperforms a recently proposed baseline with a
subword-level encoder on WMT'15 DE-EN and CS-EN, and gives comparable
performance on FI-EN and RU-EN. We then demonstrate that it is possible to
share a single character-level encoder across multiple languages by training a
model on a many-to-one translation task. In this multilingual setting, the
character-level encoder significantly outperforms the subword-level encoder on
all the language pairs. We observe that on CS-EN, FI-EN and RU-EN, the quality
of the multilingual character-level translation even surpasses the models
specifically trained on that language pair alone, both in terms of BLEU score
and human judgment.


title: Vector-like Quarks at the Origin of Light Quark Masses and Mixing

abstract:
  We show how a novel fine-tuning problem present in the Standard Model can be
solved through the introduction of a single flavour symmetry G, together with
three $Q = - 1/3$ quarks, three $Q = 2/3$ quarks, as well as a complex singlet
scalar. The symmetry G is extended to the additional fields and it is an exact
symmetry of the Lagrangian, only spontaneously broken by the vacuum. Specific
examples are given and a phenomenological analysis of the main features of the
model is presented. It is shown that even for vector-like quarks with masses
accessible at the LHC, one can have realistic quark masses and mixing, while
respecting the strict constraints on process arising from flavour changing
neutral currents (FCNC). The vector-like quark decay channels are also
described.


title: Energy Efficiency in Two-Tiered Wireless Sensor Networks

abstract:
  We study a two-tiered wireless sensor network (WSN) consisting of $N$ access
points (APs) and $M$ base stations (BSs). The sensing data, which is
distributed on the sensing field according to a density function $f$, is first
transmitted to the APs and then forwarded to the BSs. Our goal is to find an
optimal deployment of APs and BSs to minimize the average weighted total, or
Lagrangian, of sensor and AP powers. For $M=1$, we show that the optimal
deployment of APs is simply a linear transformation of the optimal $N$-level
quantizer for density $f$, and the sole BS should be located at the geometric
centroid of the sensing field. Also, for a one-dimensional network and uniform
$f$, we determine the optimal deployment of APs and BSs for any $N$ and $M$.
Moreover, to numerically optimize node deployment for general scenarios, we
propose one- and two-tiered Lloyd algorithms and analyze their convergence
properties. Simulation results show that, when compared to random deployment,
our algorithms can save up to 79\% of the power on average.


title:
Quark correlations in the Color Glass Condensate: Pauli blocking and the
  ridge

abstract:
  We consider, for the first time, correlations between produced quarks in p-A
collisions in the framework of the Color Glass Condensate. We find a
quark-quark ridge that shows a dip at $\Delta\eta\sim 2$ relative to the
gluon-gluon ridge. The origin of this dip is the short range (in rapidity)
Pauli blocking experienced by quarks in the wave function of the incoming
projectile. We observe that these correlations, present in the initial state,
survive the scattering process. We suggest that this effect may be observable
in open charm-open charm correlations at the Large Hadron Collider.


title:
Spectral theory for Maxwell's equations at the interface of a
  metamaterial. Part I: Generalized Fourier transform

abstract:
  We explore the spectral properties of the time-dependent Maxwell's equations
for a plane interface between a metamaterial represented by the Drude model and
the vacuum, which fill respectively complementary half-spaces. We construct
explicitly a generalized Fourier transform which diagonalizes the Hamiltonian
that describes the propagation of transverse electric waves. This transform
appears as an operator of decomposition on a family of generalized
eigenfunctions of the problem. It will be used in a forthcoming paper to prove
both limiting absorption and limiting amplitude principles.


title: Very Deep Convolutional Networks for End-to-End Speech Recognition

abstract:
  Sequence-to-sequence models have shown success in end-to-end speech
recognition. However these models have only used shallow acoustic encoder
networks. In our work, we successively train very deep convolutional networks
to add more expressive power and better generalization for end-to-end ASR
models. We apply network-in-network principles, batch normalization, residual
connections and convolutional LSTMs to build very deep recurrent and
convolutional structures. Our models exploit the spectral structure in the
feature space and add computational depth without overfitting issues. We
experiment with the WSJ ASR task and achieve 10.5\% word error rate without any
dictionary or language using a 15 layer deep network.


title:
Learning Low Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks for
  High-Resolution Remote Sensing Image Retrieval

abstract:
  Learning powerful feature representations for image retrieval has always been
a challenging task in the field of remote sensing. Traditional methods focus on
extracting low-level hand-crafted features which are not only time-consuming
but also tend to achieve unsatisfactory performance due to the content
complexity of remote sensing images. In this paper, we investigate how to
extract deep feature representations based on convolutional neural networks
(CNN) for high-resolution remote sensing image retrieval (HRRSIR). To this end,
two effective schemes are proposed to generate powerful feature representations
for HRRSIR. In the first scheme, the deep features are extracted from the
fully-connected and convolutional layers of the pre-trained CNN models,
respectively; in the second scheme, we propose a novel CNN architecture based
on conventional convolution layers and a three-layer perceptron. The novel CNN
model is then trained on a large remote sensing dataset to learn low
dimensional features. The two schemes are evaluated on several public and
challenging datasets, and the results indicate that the proposed schemes and in
particular the novel CNN are able to achieve state-of-the-art performance.


title: ABA+: Assumption-Based Argumentation with Preferences

abstract:
  We present ABA+, a new approach to handling preferences in a well known
structured argumentation formalism, Assumption-Based Argumentation (ABA). In
ABA+, preference information given over assumptions is incorporated directly
into the attack relation, thus resulting in attack reversal. ABA+
conservatively extends ABA and exhibits various desirable features regarding
relationship among argumentation semantics as well as preference handling. We
also introduce Weak Contraposition, a principle concerning reasoning with rules
and preferences that relaxes the standard principle of contraposition, while
guaranteeing additional desirable features for ABA+.


title:
Explicit and implicit TVD schemes for conservation laws with Caputo
  derivatives

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate numerical approximations of the scalar
conservation law with the Caputo derivative, which introduces the memory
effect. We construct the first order and the second order explicit upwind
schemes for such equations, which are shown to be conditionally $\ell^1$
contracting and TVD. However, the Caputo derivative leads to the modified
CFL-type stability condition, $ (\Delta t)^{\alpha} = O(\Delta x)$, where
$\alpha \in (0,1]$ is the fractional exponent in the derivative. When $\alpha$
small, such strong constraint makes the numerical implementation extremely
impractical. We have then proposed the implicit upwind scheme to overcome this
issue, which is proved to be unconditionally $\ell^1$ contracting and TVD.
Various numerical tests are presented to validate the properties of the methods
and provide more numerical evidence in interpreting the memory effect in
conservation laws.


title:
Direct Patterning of Colloidal Quantum-Dot Thin Films for Enhanced and
  Spectrally Selective Out-Coupling of Emission

abstract:
  We report on a template-stripping method for the direct surface patterning of
colloidal quantum-dot thin films to produce highly luminescent structures with
feature sizes less than 100 nm. Through the careful design of high quality
bulls-eye gratings we can produce strong directional beaming (10{\deg}
divergence) with up to six-fold out-coupling enhancement of spontaneous
emission in the surface-normal direction. A transition to narrow single-mode
lasing is observed in these same structures at thresholds as low as 120
{\mu}J/cm2. Furthermore, making use of the size-tunable character of colloidal
quantum dots, we demonstrate spectrally selective out-coupling of light from
mixed quantum-dot films. Our results provide a straightforward route towards
significantly improved optical properties of colloidal quantum-dot assemblies.


title: On the union of intersecting families

abstract:
  A family of sets is said to be \emph{intersecting} if any two sets in the
family have nonempty intersection. In 1973, Erd\H{o}s raised the problem of
determining the maximum possible size of a union of $r$ different intersecting
families of $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set, for each triple of
integers $(n,k,r)$. We make progress on this problem, proving that for any
fixed integer $r \geq 2$ and for any $k \leq (\tfrac{1}{2}-o(1))n$, if $X$ is
an $n$-element set, and $\mathcal{F} = \mathcal{F}_1 \cup \mathcal{F}_2 \cup
\ldots \cup \mathcal{F}_r$, where each $\mathcal{F}_i$ is an intersecting
family of $k$-element subsets of $X$, then $|\mathcal{F}| \leq {n \choose k} -
{n-r \choose k}$, with equality only if $\mathcal{F} = \{S \subset X:\ |S|=k,\
S \cap R \neq \emptyset\}$ for some $R \subset X$ with $|R|=r$. This is best
possible up to the size of the $o(1)$ term, and improves a 1987 result of
Frankl and F\"uredi, who obtained the same conclusion under the stronger
hypothesis $k < (3-\sqrt{5})n/2$, in the case $r=2$. Our proof utilises an
isoperimetric, influence-based method recently developed by Keller and the
authors.


title:
Notes on geometry of locomotion of 3-dimensional version of the
  Purcell's swimmer

abstract:
  We present a generalized, 3 dimensional version of the Purcell's swimmer
which is a planar mechanism locomoting at low Reynlods number regime. We use
Cox theory and resistive force theory to come up with the forces acting on the
system. We finally come up with a purely kinematic form of the system's
equations.


title: Lower bounds for CSP refutation by SDP hierarchies

abstract:
  For a $k$-ary predicate $P$, a random instance of CSP$(P)$ with $n$ variables
and $m$ constraints is unsatisfiable with high probability when $m \gg n$. The
natural algorithmic task in this regime is \emph{refutation}: finding a proof
that a given random instance is unsatisfiable. Recent work of Allen et al.
suggests that the difficulty of refuting CSP$(P)$ using an SDP is determined by
a parameter $\mathrm{cmplx}(P)$, the smallest $t$ for which there does not
exist a $t$-wise uniform distribution over satisfying assignments to $P$. In
particular they show that random instances of CSP$(P)$ with $m \gg
n^{\mathrm{cmplx(P)}/2}$ can be refuted efficiently using an SDP.
  In this work, we give evidence that $n^{\mathrm{cmplx}(P)/2}$ constraints are
also \emph{necessary} for refutation using SDPs. Specifically, we show that if
$P$ supports a $(t-1)$-wise uniform distribution over satisfying assignments,
then the Sherali-Adams$_+$ and Lov\'{a}sz-Schrijver$_+$ SDP hierarchies cannot
refute a random instance of CSP$(P)$ in polynomial time for any $m \leq
n^{t/2-\epsilon}$.


title:
Dynamics of Photo-excited Hot Carriers in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon
  Imaged by 4D Electron Microscopy

abstract:
  The dynamics of charge carriers in amorphous semiconductors fundamentally
differ from those in crystalline semiconductors due to the lack of long-range
order and the high defect density. Despite intensive technology-driven research
interests and the existence of well-established experimental techniques, such
as photoconductivity time-of-flight and ultrafast optical measurements, many
aspects of the dynamics of photo-excited charge carriers in amorphous
semiconductors remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate direct imaging of
carrier dynamics in space and time after photo-excitation in hydrogenated
amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) by scanning ultrafast electron microscopy (SUEM). We
observe an unexpected regime of fast diffusion immediately after
photoexcitation along with spontaneous electron-hole separation and charge
trapping induced by the atomic disorder. Our findings demonstrate the rich
dynamics of hot carrier transport in amorphous semiconductors that can be
revealed by direct imaging based on SUEM.


title:
Discovery of peculiar periodic spectral modulations in a small fraction
  of solar type stars

abstract:
  A Fourier transform analysis of 2.5 million spectra in the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey was carried out to detect periodic spectral modulations. Signals having
the same period were found in only 234 stars overwhelmingly in the F2 to K1
spectral range. The signals cannot be caused by instrumental or data analysis
effects because they are present in only a very small fraction of stars within
a narrow spectral range and because signal to noise ratio considerations
predict that the signal should mostly be detected in the brightest objects,
while this is not the case. We consider several possibilities, such as
rotational transitions in molecules, rapid pulsations, Fourier transform of
spectral lines and signals generated by Extraterrestrial Intelligence (ETI).
They cannot be generated by molecules or rapid pulsations. It is highly
unlikely that they come from the Fourier transform of spectral lines because
too many strong lines located at nearly periodic frequencies are needed.
Finally we consider the possibility, predicted in a previous published paper,
that the signals are caused by light pulses generated by Extraterrestrial
Intelligence to makes us aware of their existence. We find that the detected
signals have exactly the shape of an ETI signal predicted in the previous
publication and are therefore in agreement with this hypothesis. The fact that
they are only found in a very small fraction of stars within a narrow spectral
range centered near the spectral type of the sun is also in agreement with the
ETI hypothesis. However, at this stage, this hypothesis needs to be confirmed
with further work. Although unlikely, there is also a possibility that the
signals are due to highly peculiar chemical compositions in a small fraction of
galactic halo stars.


title:
Massless Dirac fermions in two dimensions: Confinement in nonuniform
  magnetic fields

abstract:
  We show how it is possible to trap two-dimensional massless Dirac fermions in
spatially inhomogeneous magnetic fields, as long as the formed magnetic quantum
dot (or ring) is of a slowly decaying nature. It is found that a modulation of
the depth of the magnetic quantum dot leads to successive
confinement-deconfinement transitions of vortexlike states with a certain
angular momentum, until a regime is reached where only states with one sign of
angular momentum are supported. We illustrate these characteristics with both
exact solutions and a hitherto unknown quasi-exactly solvable model utilizing
confluent Heun functions.

categories: cond-mat.mes-hall math-ph math.MP quant-ph


title: On the Supersymmetry of Bianchi attractors in Gauged supergravity

abstract:
  Bianchi attractors are near horizon geometries with homogeneous symmetries in
the spatial directions. We construct supersymmetric Bianchi attractors in
$\mathcal{N}=2, d=4,5$ gauged supergravity. In $d=4$ we consider gauged
supergravity coupled to vector and hypermultiplets. In $d=5$ we consider gauged
supergravity coupled to vector multiplets with a generic gauging of symmetries
of the scalar manifold and the $U(1)_R$ gauging of the $R$-symmetry. Analyzing
the gaugino conditions we show that when the fermionic shifts do not vanish
there are no supersymmetric Bianchi attractors. This is analogous to the known
condition that for maximally supersymmetric solutions, all the fermionic shifts
must vanish. When the central charge satisfies an extremization condition, some
of the fermionic shifts vanish and supersymmetry requires that the symmetries
of the scalar manifold do not be gauged. This allows supersymmetric Bianchi
attractors sourced by massless gauge fields and a cosmological constant. In
five dimensions in the Bianchi I class we show that the anisotropic
$AdS_3\times\mathbb{R}^2$ solution is $1/2$ BPS. We also construct a new class
of $1/2$ BPS Bianchi III geometries labeled by the central charge. When the
central charge takes a special value the Bianchi III geometry reduces to the
known $AdS_3\times\mathbb{H}^2$ solution. For the Bianchi V and VII classes the
radial spinor breaks all of supersymmetry. We briefly discuss the conditions
for possible massive supersymmetric Bianchi solutions by generalizing the
matter content to include tensor, hypermultiplets and a generic gauging on the
R symmetry.


title: Numerical Implicitization

abstract:
  We present the $\textit{NumericalImplicitization}$ package for
$\textit{Macaulay2}$, which allows for user-friendly computation of the
invariants of the image of a polynomial map, such as dimension, degree, and
Hilbert function values. This package relies on methods of numerical algebraic
geometry, including homotopy continuation and monodromy.


title: Latent Sequence Decompositions

abstract:
  We present the Latent Sequence Decompositions (LSD) framework. LSD decomposes
sequences with variable lengthed output units as a function of both the input
sequence and the output sequence. We present a training algorithm which samples
valid extensions and an approximate decoding algorithm. We experiment with the
Wall Street Journal speech recognition task. Our LSD model achieves 12.9% WER
compared to a character baseline of 14.8% WER. When combined with a
convolutional network on the encoder, we achieve 9.6% WER.


title:
Measuring quasiprobability distribution functions of the cavity field
  considering field and atomic decays

abstract:
  We study the possibility of reconstructing the quantum state of light in a
cavity subject to dissipation. We pass atoms, also subject to decay, through
the cavity and surprisingly show that both decays allow the measurement of
$s$-parametrized quasiprobability distributions. In fact, if we consider only
atomic decay, we show that the Wigner function may be reconstructed. Because
these distributions contain whole information of the initial field state, it is
possible to recover information after both atomic and field decays occur.


title:
The Khinchin-Kahane inequality and Banach space embeddings for metric
  groups

abstract:
  We extend the Khinchin-Kahane inequality to an arbitrary abelian metric group
$\mathscr{G}$. In the special case where $\mathscr{G}$ is normed, we prove a
refinement which is sharp and which extends the sharp version for Banach
spaces. We also provide an alternate proof for normed metric groups as a
consequence of a general "transfer principle". This transfer principle has
immediate applications to stochastic inequalities for $\mathscr{G}$-valued
random variables. We also show how to use it to define the expectation of
random variables with values in arbitrary abelian normed metric semigroups.


title: A closer look at the $R_D$ and $R_{D^*}$ anomalies

abstract:
  The measurement of $R_D$ ($R_{D^*}$), the ratio of the branching fraction of
$\overline{B} \to D \tau \bar{\nu}_\tau (\overline{B} \to D^* \tau
\bar{\nu}_\tau)$ to that of $\overline{B} \to D l \bar{\nu}_l (\overline{B} \to
D^* l \bar{\nu}_l)$, shows $1.9 \sigma$ $(3.3 \sigma)$ deviation from its
Standard Model (SM) prediction. The combined deviation is at the level of $4
\sigma$ according to the Heavy Flavour Averaging Group (HFAG). In this paper,
we perform an effective field theory analysis (at the dimension-6 level) of
these potential New Physics (NP) signals assuming $\rm SU(3)_{C} \times
SU(2)_{L} \times U(1)_{Y}$ gauge invariance. We first show that, in general,
$R_D$ and $R_{D^*}$ are theoretically independent observables and hence, their
theoretical predictions are not correlated. We identify the operators that can
explain the experimental measurements of $R_D$ and $R_{D^*}$ individually and
also together. Motivated by the recent measurement of the $\tau$ polarisation
in $\overline{B} \to D^* \tau \bar{\nu}_\tau$ decay, $P_\tau (D^*)$ by the
Belle collaboration, we study the impact of a more precise measurement of
$P_\tau (D^*)$ (and a measurement of $P_\tau (D)$) on the various possible NP
explanations. Furthermore, we show that the measurement of $R_{D^*}$ in bins of
$q^2$, the square of the invariant mass of the lepton-neutrino system, along
with the information on $\tau$ polarisation and the forward-backward asymmetry
of the $\tau$ lepton, can completely distinguish the various operator
structures. We also provide the full expressions of the double differential
decay widths for the individual $\tau$ helicities in the presence of all the 10
dimension-6 operators that can contribute to these decays.


title:
A Survey of Approaches and Challenges in the Real-time Multimedia
  Streaming

abstract:
  We present a brief summary of current approaches and challenges in the
network traffic management area. In this contribution, we well cover the most
recent experiments on the network traffic and behavior of applications under
various network conditions. Quality of the users' experience is the most
important factor being considered in this group of experiments.


title:
Pulsed single-photon spectrometer by frequency-to-time mapping using
  chirped fiber Bragg gratings

abstract:
  A fiber-integrated spectrometer for single-photon pulses outside the
telecommunications wavelength range based upon frequency-to-time mapping,
implemented by chromatic group delay dispersion (GDD), and precise
temporally-resolved single-photon counting, is presented. A chirped fiber Bragg
grating provides low-loss GDD, mapping the frequency distribution of an input
pulse onto the temporal envelope of the output pulse. Time-resolved detection
with fast single-photon-counting modules enables monitoring of a wavelength
range from 825 nm to 835 nm with nearly uniform efficiency at 55 pm resolution
(24 GHz at 830 nm). To demonstrate the versatility of this technique, spectral
interference of heralded single photons and the joint spectral intensity
distribution of a photon-pair source are measured. This approach to
single-photon-level spectral measurements provides a route to realize
applications of time-frequency quantum optics at visible and near-infrared
wavelengths, where multiple spectral channels must be simultaneously monitored.


title: Matrix Optimal Mass Transport: A Quantum Mechanical Approach

abstract:
  In this paper, we describe a possible generalization of the Wasserstein
2-metric, originally defined on the space of scalar probability densities, to
the space of Hermitian matrices with trace one, and to the space of
matrix-valued probability densities. Our approach follows a computational fluid
dynamical formulation of the Wasserstein-2 metric and utilizes certain results
from the quantum mechanics of open systems, in particular the Lindblad
equation. It allows determining the gradient flow for the quantum entropy
relative to this matricial Wasserstein metric. This may have implications to
some key issues in quantum information theory.


title:
QuSpin: a Python Package for Dynamics and Exact Diagonalisation of
  Quantum Many Body Systems part I: spin chains

abstract:
  We present a new open-source Python package for exact diagonalization and
quantum dynamics of spin(-photon) chains, called QuSpin, supporting the use of
various symmetries in 1-dimension and (imaginary) time evolution for chains up
to 32 sites in length. The package is well-suited to study, among others,
quantum quenches at finite and infinite times, the Eigenstate Thermalisation
hypothesis, many-body localisation and other dynamical phase transitions,
periodically-driven (Floquet) systems, adiabatic and counter-diabatic ramps,
and spin-photon interactions. Moreover, QuSpin's user-friendly interface can
easily be used in combination with other Python packages which makes it
amenable to a high-level customisation. We explain how to use QuSpin using four
detailed examples: (i) Standard exact diagonalisation of XXZ chain (ii)
adiabatic ramping of parameters in the many-body localised XXZ model, (iii)
heating in the periodically-driven transverse-field Ising model in a parallel
field, and (iv) quantised light-atom interactions: recovering the
periodically-driven atom in the semi-classical limit of a static Hamiltonian.


title: Eigenvalue conjecture and colored Alexander polynomials

abstract:
  We connect two important conjectures in the theory of knot polynomials. The
first one is the property Al_R(q) = Al_{[1]}(q^{|R|}) for all single hook Young
diagrams R, which is known to hold for all knots. The second conjecture claims
that all the mixing matrices U_{i} in the relation {\cal R}_i = U_i{\cal
R}_1U_i^{-1} between the i-th and the first generators {\cal R}_i of the braid
group are universally expressible through the eigenvalues of {\cal R}_1. Since
the above property of Alexander polynomials is very well tested, this relation
provides a new support to the eigenvalue conjecture, especially for i>2, when
its direct check by evaluation of the Racah matrices and their convolutions is
technically difficult.


title:
Theory of light-matter interaction in nematic liquid crystals and the
  second Painlev\'e equation

abstract:
  We study global minimizers of an energy functional arising as a thin sample
limit in the theory of light-matter interaction in nematic liquid crystals. We
show that depending on the parameters various defects are predicted by the
model. In particular we show existence of a new type of topological defect
which we call the {\it shadow kink}. Its local profile is described by the
second Painlev\'e equation. As part of our analysis we find new solutions to
this equation thus generalizing the well known result of Hastings and McLeod.


title:
Sketching Meets Random Projection in the Dual: A Provable Recovery
  Algorithm for Big and High-dimensional Data

abstract:
  Sketching techniques have become popular for scaling up machine learning
algorithms by reducing the sample size or dimensionality of massive data sets,
while still maintaining the statistical power of big data. In this paper, we
study sketching from an optimization point of view: we first show that the
iterative Hessian sketch is an optimization process with preconditioning, and
develop accelerated iterative Hessian sketch via the searching the conjugate
direction; we then establish primal-dual connections between the Hessian sketch
and dual random projection, and apply the preconditioned conjugate gradient
approach on the dual problem, which leads to the accelerated iterative dual
random projection methods. Finally to tackle the challenges from both large
sample size and high-dimensionality, we propose the primal-dual sketch, which
iteratively sketches the primal and dual formulations. We show that using a
logarithmic number of calls to solvers of small scale problem, primal-dual
sketch is able to recover the optimum of the original problem up to arbitrary
precision. The proposed algorithms are validated via extensive experiments on
synthetic and real data sets which complements our theoretical results.


title:
The classification of Kleinian groups of Hausdorff dimensions at most
  one

abstract:
  In this paper we provide the complete classification of Kleinian groups of
Hausdorff dimensions less than $1.$ In particular, we prove that every purely
loxodromic Kleinian groups of Hausdorff dimension $<1$ is a classical Schottky
group. This upper bound is sharp. As an application, the result of \cite{H}
then implies that, every closed Riemann surface is uniformizable by a classical
Schottky group. The prove relie on the result of Hou \cite{Hou}, and space of
rectifiable $\G$-invariant closed curves.


title:
Spectral analysis of short period of K indices registered in Huancayo
  Geomagnetic Observatory

abstract:
  Wavelet spectral analysis is applied to the daily indices K (SK) registered
in Huancayo geomagnetic observatory from 2000.0 to 2015.0, it has become
possible to identify predominant periodic components with a confidence level of
95%. In particular we have investigated the periodicity of 27.0 days and its
13.5, 9.0 and 6.8 harmonics, related to the fundamental period of solar
rotation effects. A special analysis registered on periods of 59.0 days might
be related to the double period of 29.53 days corresponding to the synodic
month. The manifestation of the periods of 182.6, 365 and 730 days
corresponding to the harmonics of the seasonal variation of the annual cycle is
also observed. An important observation is that the global predominant periods
registered 6.8 and 9.0 days, in the years 2009, 2013 and 2014 its effect is too
small or null, those periods corresponds to the minimum and maximum solar
activity. On the other hand, it is observed that the order of predominance of
the harmonic period solar rotation are different for each solar cycle (Solar
Cycle 23: 9.0, 13.5, 27.0 and 6.8 days; solar cycle 24: 27.0, 13.5, 9.0 and 6.8
days), and it is weaker contribution in the solar cycle 24 with respect to the
solar cycle 23.


title:
Optimal Download Cost of Private Information Retrieval for Arbitrary
  Message Length

abstract:
  A private information retrieval scheme is a mechanism that allows a user to
retrieve any one out of $K$ messages from $N$ non-communicating replicated
databases, each of which stores all $K$ messages, without revealing anything
about the identity of the desired message index to any individual database. If
the size of each message is $L$ bits and the total download required by a PIR
scheme from all $N$ databases is $D$ bits, then $D$ is called the download cost
and the ratio $L/D$ is called an achievable rate. For fixed $K,N\in\mathbb{N}$,
the capacity of PIR, denoted by $C$, is the supremum of achievable rates over
all PIR schemes and over all message sizes, and was recently shown to be
$C=(1+1/N+1/N^2+\cdots+1/N^{K-1})^{-1}$. In this work, for arbitrary $K, N$, we
explore the minimum download cost $D_L$ across all PIR schemes (not restricted
to linear schemes) for arbitrary message lengths $L$ under arbitrary choices of
alphabet (not restricted to finite fields) for the message and download
symbols. If the same $M$-ary alphabet is used for the message and download
symbols, then we show that the optimal download cost in $M$-ary symbols is
$D_L=\lceil\frac{L}{C}\rceil$. If the message symbols are in $M$-ary alphabet
and the downloaded symbols are in $M'$-ary alphabet, then we show that the
optimal download cost in $M'$-ary symbols, $D_L\in\left\{\left\lceil
\frac{L'}{C}\right\rceil,\left\lceil \frac{L'}{C}\right\rceil-1,\left\lceil
\frac{L'}{C}\right\rceil-2\right\}$, where $L'= \lceil L \log_{M'} M\rceil$.


title: OV or TOV ?

abstract:
  The well-known equation for hydrostatic equilibrium in a static spherically
symmetric spacetime supported by an isotropic perfect fluid is referred to as
the Oppenheimer-Volkoff (OV) equation or the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV)
equation in various General Relativity textbooks or research papers. We
scrutinize the relevant original publications to argue that the former is the
more appropriate terminology.


title: Dependent Defaults and Losses with Factor Copula Models

abstract:
  We present a class of flexible and tractable static factor models for the
term structure of joint default probabilities, the factor copula models. These
high-dimensional models remain parsimonious with pair-copula constructions, and
nest many standard models as special cases. The loss distribution of a
portfolio of contingent claims can be exactly and efficiently computed when
individual losses are discretely supported on a finite grid. Numerical examples
study the key features affecting the loss distribution and multi-name credit
derivatives prices. An empirical exercise illustrates the flexibility of our
approach by fitting credit index tranche prices.


title:
Evolution of Cataclysmic Variables and Related Binaries Containing a
  White-Dwarf

abstract:
  We present a binary evolution study of cataclysmic variables (CVs) and
related systems with white dwarf accretors, including for example, AM CVn
systems, classical novae, supersoft X-ray sources, and systems with giant donor
stars. Our approach intentionally avoids the complications associated with
population synthesis algorithms thereby allowing us to present the first truly
comprehensive exploration of all of the subsequent binary evolution pathways
that ZACVs might follow (assuming fully non-conservative, Roche-lobe overflow
onto an accreting WD) using the sophisticated binary stellar evolution code
MESA. The grid consists of 56,000 initial models, including 14 white dwarf
accretor masses, 43 donor-star masses ($0.1-4.7$ $M_{\odot}$), and 100 orbital
periods. We explore evolution tracks in the orbital period and donor-mass
($P_{\rm orb}-M_{\rm don}$) plane in terms of evolution dwell times, masses of
the white dwarf accretor, accretion rate, and chemical composition of the
center and surface of the donor star. We report on the differences among the
standard CV tracks, those with giant donor stars, and ultrashort period
systems. We show where in parameter space one can expect to find supersoft
X-ray sources, present a diagnostic to distinguish among different evolutionary
paths to forming AM CVn binaries, quantify how the minimum orbital period in
CVs depends on the chemical composition of the donor star, and update the
$P_{\rm orb}(M_{\rm wd})$ relation for binaries containing white dwarfs whose
progenitors lost their envelopes via stable Roche-lobe overflow. Finally, we
indicate where in the $P_{\rm orb}-M_{\rm don}$ the accretion disks will tend
to be stable against the thermal-viscous instability, and where gravitational
radiation signatures may be found with LISA.


title:
Verification of the Tree-Based Hierarchical Read-Copy Update in the
  Linux Kernel

abstract:
  Read-Copy Update (RCU) is a scalable, high-performance Linux-kernel
synchronization mechanism that runs low-overhead readers concurrently with
updaters. Production-quality RCU implementations for multi-core systems are
decidedly non-trivial. Giving the ubiquity of Linux, a rare "million-year" bug
can occur several times per day across the installed base. Stringent validation
of RCU's complex behaviors is thus critically important. Exhaustive testing is
infeasible due to the exponential number of possible executions, which suggests
use of formal verification.
  Previous verification efforts on RCU either focus on simple implementations
or use modeling languages, the latter requiring error-prone manual translation
that must be repeated frequently due to regular changes in the Linux kernel's
RCU implementation. In this paper, we first describe the implementation of Tree
RCU in the Linux kernel. We then discuss how to construct a model directly from
Tree RCU's source code in C, and use the CBMC model checker to verify its
safety and liveness properties. To our best knowledge, this is the first
verification of a significant part of RCU's source code, and is an important
step towards integration of formal verification into the Linux kernel's
regression test suite.


title:
Solid-state neutron detectors based on thickness scalable hexagonal
  boron nitride

abstract:
  This paper reports on the device processing and characterization of hexagonal
boron nitride (hBN) based solid-state thermal neutron detectors, where hBN
thickness varied from 2.5 to 15 microns. These natural hBN epilayers (with
19.9% B-10) were grown by a low pressure chemical vapor deposition process.
Complete dry processing was adopted for the fabrication of these
metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) configuration detectors. These detectors showed
intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiency values of 0.86%, 2.4%, 3.15%,
and 4.71% for natural hBN thickness values of 2.5, 7.5, 10, and 15 microns,
respectively. Measured efficiencies are very close (more than 92%) to the
theoretical maximum efficiencies for corresponding hBN thickness values for
these detectors. This clearly shows the hBN thickness scalability of these
detectors. A 15-micron thick hBN based MSM detector is expected to yield an
efficiency of 21.4%, if enriched hBN (with ~100% B-10) is used instead of
natural hBN. These results demonstrate that the fabrication of hBN thickness
scalable highly efficient thermal neutron detectors is possible.


title:
Delayed charge recovery discrimination of passivated surface alpha
  events in P-type point-contact detectors

abstract:
  The Majorana Demonstrator searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay of
$^{76}$Ge using arrays of high-purity germanium detectors. If observed, this
process would demonstrate that lepton number is not a conserved quantity in
nature, with implications for grand-unification and for explaining the
predominance of matter over antimatter in the universe. A problematic
background in such large granular detector arrays is posed by alpha particles.
In the Majorana Demonstrator, events have been observed that are consistent
with energy- degraded alphas originating on the passivated surface, leading to
a potential background contribution in the region-of-interest for neutrinoless
double-beta decay. However, it is also observed that when energy deposition
occurs very close to the passivated surface, charges drift through the bulk
onto that surface, and then drift along it with greatly reduced mobility. This
leads to both a reduced prompt signal and a measurable change in slope of the
tail of a recorded pulse. In this contribution we discuss the characteristics
of these events and the development of a filter that can identify the
occurrence of this delayed charge recovery, allowing for the efficient
rejection of passivated surface alpha events in analysis.


title:
Determination of the event collision time with the ALICE detector at the
  LHC

abstract:
  Particle identification is an important feature of the ALICE detector at the
LHC. In particular, for particle identification via the time-of-flight
technique, the precise determination of the event collision time represents an
important ingredient of the quality of the measurement. In this paper, the
different methods used for such a measurement in ALICE by means of the T0 and
the TOF detectors are reviewed. Efficiencies, resolution and the improvement of
the particle identification separation power of the methods used are presented
for the different LHC colliding systems (pp , p-Pb and Pb-Pb) during the first
period of data taking of LHC (Run 1).


title: Multi-User MIMO with flexible numerology for 5G

abstract:
  Flexible numerologies are being considered as part of designs for 5G systems
to support vertical services with diverse requirements such as enhanced mobile
broadband, ultra-reliable low-latency communications, and massive machine type
communication. Different vertical services can be multiplexed in either
frequency domain, time domain, or both. In this paper, we investigate the use
of spatial multiplexing of services using MU-MIMO where the numerologies for
different users may be different. The users are grouped according to the chosen
numerology and a separate pre-coder and FFT size is used per numerology at the
transmitter. The pre-coded signals for the multiple numerologies are added in
the time domain before transmission. We analyze the performance gains of this
approach using capacity analysis and link level simulations using conjugate
beamforming and signal-to-leakage noise ratio maximization techniques. We show
that the MU interference between users with different numerologies can be
suppressed efficiently with reasonable number of antennas at the base-station.
This feature enables MU-MIMO techniques to be applied for 5G across different
numerologies.


title:
About a "nonlocal" local model considered by L. Vervoort, and the
  necessity to distinguish locality from Einstein locality

abstract:
  L. Vervoort [arxiv:1406.0901] claims to have found a model which "can violate
the Bell inequality and reproduce the quantum statistics, even if it is based
on local dynamics only". This claim is false. The proposed model contains
global elements. The physics behind the model is local, but would not allow the
explanation of violations of Bell inequalities for space-like separated events,
if superluminal causal influences are forbidden. To use it for this purpose,
one has to introduce a preferred frame where information can be send faster
than light.
  As a cause of the misunderstanding we identify the unfortunate convention to
use "local" as a synonym for Einstein-local, so that theories which are local
in every physically relevant sense have to be named "non-local", and argue that
this convention should be abandoned.


title: Intrinsic decoherence in isolated quantum systems

abstract:
  We study the intrinsic, disorder-induced decoherence of an isolated quantum
system under its own dynamics. Specifically, we investigate the characteristic
time scale (i.e., the decoherence time) associated with an interacting
many-body system losing the memory of its initial state. To characterize the
erasure of the initial state memory, we define a time scale, the intrinsic
decoherence time, by thresholding the gradual decay of the disorder-averaged
return probability. We demonstrate the system-size independence of the
intrinsic decoherence time in different models, and we study its dependence on
the disorder strength. We find that the intrinsic decoherence time increases
monotonically as the disorder strength increases in accordance with the
relaxation of locally measurable quantities. We investigate several interacting
spin (e.g., Ising and Heisenberg) and fermion (e.g., Anderson and
Aubry-Andr\'e) models to obtain the intrinsic decoherence time as a function of
disorder and interaction strength.


title:
Constraint on the inflow/outflow rates in star-forming galaxies at z~1.4
  from molecular gas observations

abstract:
  We constrain the rate of gas inflow into and outflow from a main-sequence
star-forming galaxy at z~1.4 by fitting a simple analytic model for the
chemical evolution in a galaxy to the observational data of the stellar mass,
metallicity, and molecular gas mass fraction. The molecular gas mass is derived
from CO observations with a metallicity-dependent CO-to-H2 conversion factor,
and the gas metallicity is derived from the H{\alpha} and [NII]{\lambda} 6584
emission line ratio. Using a stacking analysis of CO integrated intensity maps
and the emission lines of H{\alpha} and [NII], the relation between stellar
mass, metallicity, and gas mass fraction is derived. We constrain the inflow
and outflow rates with least-chi-square fitting of a simple analytic chemical
evolution model to the observational data. The best-fit inflow and outflow
rates are ~1.7 and ~0.4 in units of star-formation rate, respectively. The
inflow rate is roughly comparable to the sum of the star-formation rate and
outflow rate, which supports the equilibrium model for galaxy evolution; i.e.,
all inflow gas is consumed by star formation and outflow.


title:
The K2 M67 Study: Revisiting old friends with K2 reveals oscillating red
  giants in the open cluster M67

abstract:
  Observations of stellar clusters have had a tremendous impact in forming our
understanding of stellar evolution. The open cluster M67 has a particularly
important role as a calibration benchmark for stellar evolution theory due to
its near solar composition and age. As a result, it has been observed
extensively, including attempts to detect solar-like oscillations in its main
sequence and red giant stars. However, any asteroseismic inference has so far
remained elusive due to the difficulty in measuring these extremely low
amplitude oscillations. Here we report the first unambiguous detection of
solar-like oscillations in the red giants of M67. We use data from the Kepler
ecliptic mission, K2, to measure the global asteroseismic properties. We find a
model-independent seismic-informed distance of 816+/-11pc, or
(m-M)o=9.57+/-0.03mag, an average red-giant mass of 1.36+/-0.01Msun, in
agreement with the dynamical mass from an eclipsing binary near the cluster
turn-off, and ages of individual stars compatible with isochrone fitting. We
see no evidence of strong mass loss on the red giant branch. We also determine
seismic log g of all the cluster giants with a typical precision of ~0.01dex.
Our results generally show good agreement with independent methods and support
the use of seismic scaling relations to determine global properties of red
giant stars with near solar metallicity. We further illustrate that the data
are of such high quality, that future work on individual mode frequencies
should be possible, which would extend the scope of seismic analysis of this
cluster.


title: The ASAS-SN Bright Supernova Catalog $-$ II. 2015

abstract:
  This manuscript presents information for all supernovae discovered by the
All-Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) during 2015, its second full
year of operations. The same information is presented for bright ($m_V\leq17$),
spectroscopically confirmed supernovae discovered by other sources in 2015. As
with the first ASAS-SN bright supernova catalog, we also present redshifts and
near-UV through IR magnitudes for all supernova host galaxies in both samples.
Combined with our previous catalog, this work comprises a complete catalog of
455 supernovae from multiple professional and amateur sources, allowing for
population studies that were previously impossible. This is the second of a
series of yearly papers on bright supernovae and their hosts from the ASAS-SN
team.


title:
Dissipative dynamics of a quantum two-state system in presence of
  nonequilibrium quantum noise

abstract:
  We analyze the real-time dynamics of a quantum two-state system in the
presence of nonequilibrium quantum fluctuations. The latter are generated by a
coupling of the two-state system to a single electronic level of a quantum dot
which carries a nonequilibrium tunneling current. We restrict to the sequential
tunneling regime and calculate the dynamics of the two-state system, of the dot
population, and of the nonequilibrium charge current on the basis of a
diagrammatic perturbative method valid for a weak tunneling coupling. We find a
nontrivial dependence of the relaxation and dephasing rates of the two-state
system due to the nonequilibrium fluctuations which is directly linked to the
structure of the unperturbed central system. In addition, a
Heisenberg-Langevin-equation of motion allows us to calculate the correlation
function of the nonequilibrium fluctuations. By this, we obtain a generalized
nonequilibrium fluctuation relation which includes the equilibrium
fluctuation-dissipation theorem. A straightforward extension to the case with a
time-periodic ac voltage is shown.


title: Impact of Mass Generation for Simplified Dark Matter Models

abstract:
  In the simplified dark matter models commonly studied, the mass generation
mechanism for the dark fields is not typically specified. We demonstrate that
the dark matter interaction types, and hence the annihilation processes
relevant for relic density and indirect detection, are strongly dictated by the
mass generation mechanism chosen for the dark sector particles, and the
requirement of gauge invariance. We focus on the class of models in which
fermionic dark matter couples to a spin-1 vector or axial-vector mediator.
However, in order to generate dark sector mass terms, it is necessary in most
cases to introduce a dark Higgs field and thus a spin-0 scalar mediator will
also be present. In the case that all the dark sector fields gain masses via
coupling to a single dark sector Higgs field, it is mandatory that the
axial-vector coupling of the spin-1 mediator to the dark matter is non-zero;
the vector coupling may also be present depending on the charge assignments.
For all other mass generation options, only pure vector couplings between the
spin-1 mediator and the dark matter are allowed. If these coupling restrictions
are not obeyed, unphysical results may be obtained such as a violation of
unitarity at high energies. These two-mediator scenarios lead to important
phenomenology that does not arise in single mediator models. We survey
two-mediator dark matter models which contain both vector and scalar mediators,
and explore their relic density and indirect detection phenomenology.


title: Exact nonequilibrium transport in the topological Kondo effect

abstract:
  A leading candidate for experimental confirmation of the non-local quantum
dynamics of Majorana fermions is the topological Kondo effect, predicted for
mesoscopic superconducting islands connected to metallic leads. We identify an
anisotropic, Toulouse-like, limit of the topological Kondo problem where the
full nonequilibrium conductance and shot noise can be calculated exactly. Near
the Kondo fixed point, we find novel asymptotic features including a universal
conductance scaling function, and fractional charge quantisation observable via
the Fano factor. In the universal regime, our results apply for generic
anisotropy and even away from the Kondo limit as long as the system supports an
emergent topological Kondo fixed point. Our approach thus provides key new
qualitative insights and exact expressions for quantitative comparisons to
future experimental data.


title: Constraints on Gravitation from Causality and Quantum Consistency

abstract:
  We examine the role of consistency with causality and quantum mechanics in
determining the properties of gravitation. We begin by examining two different
classes of interacting theories of massless spin 2 particles -- gravitons. One
involves coupling the graviton with the lowest number of derivatives to matter,
the other involves coupling the graviton with higher derivatives to matter,
making use of the linearized Riemann tensor. The first class requires an
infinite tower of terms for consistency, which is known to lead uniquely to
general relativity. The second class only requires a finite number of terms for
consistency, which appears as another class of theories of massless spin 2. We
recap the causal consistency of general relativity and show how this fails in
the second class for the special case of coupling to photons, exploiting
related calculations in the literature. In a companion paper [1] this result is
generalized to a much broader set of theories. Then, as a causal modification
of general relativity, we add light scalar particles and recap the generic
violation of universal free-fall they introduce and its quantum resolution.
This leads to a discussion of a special type of scalar-tensor theory; the
$F(\mathcal{R})$ models. We show that, unlike general relativity, these models
do not possess the requisite counterterms to be consistent quantum effective
field theories. Together this helps to remove some of the central assumptions
made in deriving general relativity.


title:
The AGORA High-Resolution Galaxy Simulations Comparison Project. II:
  Isolated Disk Test

abstract:
  Using an isolated Milky Way-mass galaxy simulation, we compare results from 9
state-of-the-art gravito-hydrodynamics codes widely used in the numerical
community. We utilize the infrastructure we have built for the AGORA
High-resolution Galaxy Simulations Comparison Project. This includes the common
disk initial conditions, common physics models (e.g., radiative cooling and UV
background by the standardized package Grackle) and common analysis toolkit yt,
all of which are publicly available. Subgrid physics models such as Jeans
pressure floor, star formation, supernova feedback energy, and metal production
are carefully constrained across code platforms. With numerical accuracy that
resolves the disk scale height, we find that the codes overall agree well with
one another in many dimensions including: gas and stellar surface densities,
rotation curves, velocity dispersions, density and temperature distribution
functions, disk vertical heights, stellar clumps, star formation rates, and
Kennicutt-Schmidt relations. Quantities such as velocity dispersions are very
robust (agreement within a few tens of percent at all radii) while measures
like newly-formed stellar clump mass functions show more significant variation
(difference by up to a factor of ~3). Systematic differences exist, for
example, between mesh-based and particle-based codes in the low density region,
and between more diffusive and less diffusive schemes in the high density tail
of the density distribution. Yet intrinsic code differences are generally small
compared to the variations in numerical implementations of the common subgrid
physics such as supernova feedback. Our experiment reassures that, if
adequately designed in accordance with our proposed common parameters, results
of a modern high-resolution galaxy formation simulation are more sensitive to
input physics than to intrinsic differences in numerical schemes.


title: Measuring the Galactic Distribution of Transiting Planets with WFIRST

abstract:
  The WFIRST microlensing mission will measure precise light curves and
relative parallaxes for millions of stars, giving it the potential to
characterize short-period transiting planets all along the line of sight and
into the galactic bulge. These light curves will enable the detection of more
than 100,000 transiting planets whose host stars have measured distances.
Although most of these planets cannot be followed up, several thousand hot
Jupiters can be confirmed directly by detection of their secondary eclipses in
the WFIRST data. Additionally, some systems of small planets may be confirmed
by detecting transit timing variations over the duration of the WFIRST
microlensing survey. Finally, many more planets may be validated by ruling out
potential false positives. The combination of WFIRST transits and microlensing
will provide a complete picture of planetary system architectures, from the
very shortest periods to unbound planets, as a function of galactocentric
distance.


title:
Galaxy Zoo: Morphological Classifications for 120,000 Galaxies in HST
  Legacy Imaging

abstract:
  We present the data release paper for the Galaxy Zoo: Hubble (GZH) project.
This is the third phase in a large effort to measure reliable, detailed
morphologies of galaxies by using crowdsourced visual classifications of colour
composite images. Images in GZH were selected from various publicly-released
Hubble Space Telescope Legacy programs conducted with the Advanced Camera for
Surveys, with filters that probe the rest-frame optical emission from galaxies
out to $z \sim 1$. The bulk of the sample is selected to have $m_{I814W} <
23.5$,but goes as faint as $m_{I814W} < 26.8$ for deep images combined over 5
epochs. The median redshift of the combined samples is $z = 0.9 \pm 0.6$, with
a tail extending out to $z \sim 4$. The GZH morphological data include
measurements of both bulge- and disk-dominated galaxies, details on spiral disk
structure that relate to the Hubble type, bar identification, and numerous
measurements of clump identification and geometry. This paper also describes a
new method for calibrating morphologies for galaxies of different luminosities
and at different redshifts by using artificially-redshifted galaxy images as a
baseline. The GZH catalogue contains both raw and calibrated morphological vote
fractions for 119,849 galaxies, providing the largest dataset to date suitable
for large-scale studies of galaxy evolution out to $z \sim 1$.


title:
Observing Topological Invariants Using Quantum Walk in Superconducting
  Circuits

abstract:
  The direct measurement of topological invariants in both engineered and
naturally occurring quantum materials is a key step in classifying quantum
phases of matter. Here we motivate a toolbox based on time-dependent quantum
walks as a method to digitally simulate single-particle topological band
structures. Using a superconducting qubit dispersively coupled to a microwave
cavity, we implement two classes of split-step quantum walks and directly
measure the topological invariant (winding number) associated with each. The
measurement relies upon interference between two components of a cavity
Schr\"odinger cat state and highlights a novel refocusing technique which
allows for the direct implementation of a digital version of Bloch
oscillations. Our scheme can readily be extended to higher dimensions, whereby
quantum walk-based simulations can probe topological phases ranging from the
quantum spin Hall effect to the Hopf insulator.


title:
Galaxy Zoo: Quantitative Visual Morphological Classifications for 48,000
  galaxies from CANDELS

abstract:
  We present quantified visual morphologies of approximately 48,000 galaxies
observed in three Hubble Space Telescope legacy fields by the Cosmic And
Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) and classified by
participants in the Galaxy Zoo project. 90% of galaxies have z < 3 and are
observed in rest-frame optical wavelengths by CANDELS. Each galaxy received an
average of 40 independent classifications, which we combine into detailed
morphological information on galaxy features such as clumpiness, bar
instabilities, spiral structure, and merger and tidal signatures. We apply a
consensus-based classifier weighting method that preserves classifier
independence while effectively down-weighting significantly outlying
classifications. After analysing the effect of varying image depth on reported
classifications, we also provide depth-corrected classifications which both
preserve the information in the deepest observations and also enable the use of
classifications at comparable depths across the full survey. Comparing the
Galaxy Zoo classifications to previous classifications of the same galaxies
shows very good agreement; for some applications the high number of independent
classifications provided by Galaxy Zoo provides an advantage in selecting
galaxies with a particular morphological profile, while in others the
combination of Galaxy Zoo with other classifications is a more promising
approach than using any one method alone. We combine the Galaxy Zoo
classifications of "smooth" galaxies with parametric morphologies to select a
sample of featureless disks at 1 < z < 3, which may represent a dynamically
warmer progenitor population to the settled disk galaxies seen at later epochs.


title: Novel dark matter constraints from antiprotons in the light of AMS-02

abstract:
  We evaluate dark matter (DM) limits from cosmic-ray antiproton observations
using the recent precise AMS-02 measurements. We properly take into account
cosmic-ray propagation uncertainties fitting at the same time DM and
propagation parameters, and marginalizing over the latter. We find a
significant (~4.5 sigma) indication of a DM signal for DM masses near 80 GeV,
with a hadronic annihilation cross-section close to the thermal value, sigma v
~3e-26 cm3s-1. Intriguingly, this signal is compatible with the DM
interpretation of the Galactic center gamma-ray excess. Confirmation of the
signal will require a more accurate study of the systematic uncertainties,
i.e., the antiproton production cross-section, and modelling of the solar
modulation effect. Interpreting the AMS-02 data in terms of upper limits on
hadronic DM annihilation, we obtain strong constraints excluding a thermal
annihilation cross-section for DM masses below about 50 GeV and in the range
between approximately 150 and 500 GeV, even for conservative propagation
scenarios. Except for the range around 80 GeV, our limits are a factor 4
stronger than the limits from gamma-ray observations of dwarf galaxies.


title: Neutron-Capture Element Abundances in Magellanic Cloud Planetary Nebulae

abstract:
  We present near-infrared spectra of ten planetary nebulae (PNe) in the Large
and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC), acquired with the FIRE and GNIRS
spectrometers on the 6.5-m Baade and 8.1-m Gemini South Telescopes,
respectively. We detect Se and/or Kr emission lines in eight of these objects,
the first detections of n-capture elements in Magellanic Cloud PNe. Our
abundance analysis shows large s-process enrichments of Kr (0.6-1.3 dex) in the
six PNe in which it was detected, and Se is enriched by 0.5-0.9 dex in five
objects. We also estimate upper limits to Rb and Cd abundances in these
objects. Our abundance results for the LMC are consistent with the hypothesis
that PNe with 2--3 M$_{\odot}$ progenitors dominate the bright end of the PN
luminosity function in young gas-rich galaxies. We find no significant
correlations between s-process enrichments and other elemental abundances,
central star temperature, or progenitor mass, though this is likely due to our
small sample size. We determine S abundances from our spectra and find that
[S/H] agrees with [Ar/H] to within 0.2 dex for most objects, but is lower than
[O/H] by 0.2-0.4 dex in some PNe, possibly due to O enrichment via third
dredge-up. Our results demonstrate that n-capture elements can be detected in
PNe belonging to nearby galaxies with ground-based telescopes, allowing
s-process enrichments to be studied in PN populations with well-determined
distances.


title: Signatures of the chiral anomaly in phonon dynamics

abstract:
  Discovered in high-energy physics, the chiral anomaly has recently made way
to materials science by virtue of Weyl semimetals (WSM). Thus far, the main
efforts to probe the chiral anomaly in WSM have concentrated on electronic
phenomena. Here, we show that the chiral anomaly can have a large impact in the
$A_1$ phonons of enantiomorphic WSM. In these materials, the chiral anomaly
produces an unusual magnetic-field-induced resonance in the effective phonon
charge, which in turn leads to anomalies in the phonon dispersion, optical
reflectivity, and the Raman scattering.


title:
Evolution of the Baryon Asymmetry through the Electroweak Crossover in
  the Presence of a Helical Magnetic Field

abstract:
  We elaborate upon the model of baryogenesis from decaying magnetic helicity
by focusing on the evolution of the baryon number and magnetic field through
the Standard Model electroweak crossover. The baryon asymmetry is determined by
a competition between the helical hypermagnetic field, which sources baryon
number, and the electroweak sphaleron, which tends to wash out baryon number.
At the electroweak crossover both of these processes become inactive; the
hypermagnetic field is converted into an electromagnetic field, which does not
source baryon number, and the weak gauge boson masses grow, suppressing the
electroweak sphaleron reaction. An accurate prediction of the relic baryon
asymmetry requires a careful treatment of the crossover. We extend our previous
study [K. Kamada and A. J. Long, Phys. Rev. D94, 065301 (2016),
arXiv:1606.08891[astro-ph.CO]], taking into account the gradual conversion of
the hypermagnetic into the electromagnetic field. If the conversion is not
completed by the time of sphaleron freeze-out, as both analytic and numerical
studies suggest, the relic baryon asymmetry is enhanced compared to previous
calculations. The observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe can be obtained for
a primordial magnetic field that has a present-day field strength and coherence
length of $B_0 \sim 10^{-17} \, {\rm G}$ and $\lambda_0 \sim 10^{-3} \, {\rm
pc}$ and a positive helicity. For larger $B_0$ the baryon asymmetry is
overproduced, which may be in conflict with blazar observations that provide
evidence for an intergalactic magnetic field of strength $B_0 \gtrsim
10^{-14\sim16} \, {\rm G}$.


title:
First Results from the KMOS Lens-Amplified Spectroscopic Survey (KLASS):
  Kinematics of Lensed Galaxies at Cosmic Noon

abstract:
  We present the first results of the KMOS Lens-Amplified Spectroscopic Survey
(KLASS), a new ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) large program, doing multi-object
integral field spectroscopy of galaxies gravitationally lensed behind seven
galaxy clusters selected from the HST Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space
(GLASS). Using the power of the cluster magnification we are able to reveal the
kinematic structure of 25 galaxies at $0.7 \lesssim z \lesssim 2.3$, in four
cluster fields, with stellar masses $8 \lesssim \log{(M_\star/M_\odot)}
\lesssim 11$. This sample includes 5 sources at $z>1$ with lower stellar masses
than in any previous kinematic IFU surveys. Our sample displays a diversity in
kinematic structure over this mass and redshift range. The majority of our
kinematically resolved sample is rotationally supported, but with a lower ratio
of rotational velocity to velocity dispersion than in the local universe,
indicating the fraction of dynamically hot disks changes with cosmic time. We
find no galaxies with stellar mass $<3 \times 10^9 M_\odot$ in our sample
display regular ordered rotation. Using the enhanced spatial resolution from
lensing, we resolve a lower number of dispersion dominated systems compared to
field surveys, competitive with findings from surveys using adaptive optics. We
find that the KMOS IFUs recover emission line flux from HST grism-selected
objects more faithfully than slit spectrographs. With artificial slits we
estimate slit spectrographs miss on average 60% of the total flux of emission
lines, which decreases rapidly if the emission line is spatially offset from
the continuum.