title:
Global well-posedness for the two-dimensional Maxwell-Navier-Stokes
  equations

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate Cauchy problem of the two-dimensional full
Maxwell-Navier-Stokes system, and prove the global-in-time existence and
uniqueness of solution in the borderline space which is very close to
$L^2$-energy space by developing the new estimate of $\sup_{j\in\mathbb Z}
2^{2j} \int_0^t \sum_{k\in\mathbb{Z}^2} \big\| \sqrt{\phi_{i,k}} u(\tau)
\big\|^2_{L^2(\mathbb{R}^2)} \text{d}\tau < \infty$. This solves the open
problem in the framework of borderline space purposed by Masmoudi in
\cite{Masmoudi-10}.


title:
The concept of duality for automata over a changing alphabet and
  generation of a free group by such automata

abstract:
  In the paper, we deal with the notion of an automaton over a changing
alphabet, which generalizes the concept of a Mealy-type automaton. We modify
the methods based on the idea of a dual automaton and its action used by B.
Steinberg et al. (2011) and M. Vorobets and Ya. Vorobets (2007,2010) and adapt
them to automata over a changing alphabet. We show that this modification
provides some naturally defined automaton representations of a free nonabelian
group by a 2-state automaton over a changing alphabet.


title:
Indirect exchange interaction between magnetic impurities in the
  two-dimensional topological insulator based on CdTe/HgTe/CdTe quantum wells

abstract:
  We study indirect exchange interaction between magnetic impurities in the
(001) CdTe/HgTe/CdTe symmetric quantum well. We consider low temperatures and
the case of the chemical potential placed in the energy gap of the 2D
quasiparticle spectrum. We find that the indirect exchange interaction is
suppressed exponentially with the distance between magnetic impurities. The
presence of inversion asymmetry results in oscillations of the indirect
exchange interaction with the distance and generates additional terms which are
non-invariant under rotations in the (001) plane. The indirect exchange
interaction matrix has complicated structure with some terms proportional to
the sign of the energy gap.


title: Emotion-Based Crowd Representation for Abnormality Detection

abstract:
  In crowd behavior understanding, a model of crowd behavior need to be trained
using the information extracted from video sequences. Since there is no
ground-truth available in crowd datasets except the crowd behavior labels, most
of the methods proposed so far are just based on low-level visual features.
However, there is a huge semantic gap between low-level motion/appearance
features and high-level concept of crowd behaviors. In this paper we propose an
attribute-based strategy to alleviate this problem. While similar strategies
have been recently adopted for object and action recognition, as far as we
know, we are the first showing that the crowd emotions can be used as
attributes for crowd behavior understanding. The main idea is to train a set of
emotion-based classifiers, which can subsequently be used to represent the
crowd motion. For this purpose, we collect a big dataset of video clips and
provide them with both annotations of "crowd behaviors" and "crowd emotions".
We show the results of the proposed method on our dataset, which demonstrate
that the crowd emotions enable the construction of more descriptive models for
crowd behaviors. We aim at publishing the dataset with the article, to be used
as a benchmark for the communities.


title:
A Scalable Algorithm for Tracking an Unknown Number of Targets Using
  Multiple Sensors

abstract:
  We propose a method for tracking an unknown number of targets based on
measurements provided by multiple sensors. Our method achieves low
computational complexity and excellent scalability by running belief
propagation on a suitably devised factor graph. A redundant formulation of data
association uncertainty and the use of "augmented target states" including
binary target indicators make it possible to exploit statistical independencies
for a drastic reduction of complexity. An increase in the number of targets,
sensors, or measurements leads to additional variable nodes in the factor graph
but not to higher dimensions of the messages. As a consequence, the complexity
of our method scales only quadratically in the number of targets, linearly in
the number of sensors, and linearly in the number of measurements per sensors.
The performance of the method compares well with that of previously proposed
methods, including methods with a less favorable scaling behavior. In
particular, our method can outperform multisensor versions of the probability
hypothesis density (PHD) filter, the cardinalized PHD filter, and the
multi-Bernoulli filter.


title: Partially controlling transient chaos in the Lorenz equations

abstract:
  Transient chaos is a characteristic behavior in nonlinear dynamics where
trajectories in a certain region of phase space behave chaotically for a while,
before escaping to an external attractor. In some situations the escapes are
highly undesirable, so that it would be necessary to avoid such a situation. In
this paper we apply a control method known as partial control that allows one
to prevent the escapes of the trajectories to the external attractors, keeping
the trajectories in the chaotic region forever. To illustrate how the method
works, we have chosen the Lorenz system for a choice of parameters where
transient chaos appears, as a paradigmatic example in nonlinear dynamics. We
analyze three quite different ways to implement the method. First, we apply
this method by building a 1D map using the successive maxima of one of the
variables. Next, we implement it by building a 2D map through a Poincar\'{e}
section. Finally, we built a 3D map, which has the advantage of using a fixed
time interval between application of the control, which can be useful for
practical applications.


title: Siegert State Approach to Quantum Defect Theory

abstract:
  The Siegert states are approached in framework of Bloch-Lane-Robson formalism
for quantum collisions. The Siegert state is not described by a pole of Wigner
R- matrix but rather by the equation $1- R_{nn}L_n = 0$, relating R- matrix
element $R_{nn}$ to decay channel logarithmic derivative $L_n$. Extension of
Siegert state equation to multichannel system results into replacement of
channel R- matrix element $R_{nn}$ by its reduced counterpart ${\cal R}_{nn}$.
One proves the Siegert state is a pole, $(1 - {\cal R}_{nn} L_{n})^{-1}$, of
multichannel collision matrix. The Siegert equation $1 - {\cal R}_{nn} L_{n} =
0$, ($n$ - Rydberg channel), implies basic results of Quantum Defect Theory as
Seaton's theorem, complex quantum defect, channel resonances and threshold
continuity of averaged multichannel collision matrix elements.


title:
The concept of self-similar automata over a changing alphabet and
  lamplighter groups generated by such automata

abstract:
  Generalizing the idea of self-similar groups defined by Mealy automata, we
itroduce the notion of a self-similar automaton and a self-similar group over a
changing alphabet. We show that every finitely generated residually-finite
group is self-similar over an arbitrary unbounded changing alphabet. We
construct some naturally defined self-similar automaton representations over an
unbounded changing alphabet for any lamplighter group $K\wr \mathbb{Z}$ with an
arbitrary finitely generated (finite or infinite) abelian group $K$.


title: On the Holography of Free Yang-Mills

abstract:
  We study the AdS$_5$/CFT$_4$ duality where the boundary CFT is free
Yang-Mills theory with gauge group SU(N). At the planar level we use the
spectrum and correlation functions of the boundary theory to explicate features
of the bulk theory. Further, by computing the one-loop partition function of
the bulk theory using the methods of arXiv:1603.05387, we argue that the bulk
coupling constant should be shifted to $N^2$ from $N^2-1$. Similar conclusions
are reached by studying the dualities in thermal AdS$_5$ with $S^1\times S^3$
boundary.


title:
Strong 1D localization and highly anisotropic electron-hole masses in
  heavy-halogen functionalized graphenes

abstract:
  While halogenation of graphene presents a fascinating avenue to the
construction of a chemically and physically diverse class of systems, their
application in photovoltaics has been hindered by often prohibitively large
optical gaps. Herein we study the effects of partial bromination and
chlorination on the structure and optoelectronic properties of both graphane
and fluorographene. We find brominated and chlorinated fluorographene
derivatives to be as stable as graphane making them likely to be durable even
at elevated temperatures. A detailed investigation of the systems band
structure reveals significant 1D localization of the charge carriers as well as
strongly electron-hole asymmetric effective masses. Lastly using $G_0W_0$ and
BSE, we investigate the optical adsorption spectra of the aforementioned
materials whose first adsorption peak is shown to lie close to the optimal peak
position for photovoltaic applications ($\approx 1.5$ eV).


title:
The classification of abelian groups generated by time-varying automata
  and by Mealy automata over the binary alphabet

abstract:
  For every natural number $n$, we classify abelian groups generated by an
$n$-state time-varying automaton over the binary alphabet, as well as by an
$n$-state Mealy automaton over the binary alphabet.


title: Zero-One Law for random uniform hypergraphs

abstract:
  In this work limit probabilities of first-order properties of the random
$s$-uniform hypergraph in the binomial model $G^{s}(n,p)$ are studied. We give
a complete discription of all positive $\alpha$ such that
$G^{s}(n,n^{-\alpha})$ obeys Zero-One Law. Moreover, for any rational $\rho\geq
1/(s-1)$ we prove the existence of a strictly balanced $s$-uniform hypergraph
with the density $\rho$.


title:
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in LRSM with Natural Type-II seesaw
  Dominance

abstract:
  We present a detailed discussion on neutrinoless double beta decay within a
class of left-right symmetric models where neutrino mass originates by natural
type-II seesaw dominance. The spontaneous symmetry breaking is implemented with
doublets, triplets and bidoublet scalars. The fermion sector is extended with
an extra sterile neutrino per generation that helps in implementing the seesaw
mechanism. The presence of extra particles in the model exactly cancels type-I
seesaw and allows large value for Dirac neutrino mass matrix $M_D$. The key
feature of this work is that all the physical masses and mixing are expressed
in terms of neutrino oscillation parameters and lightest neutrino mass thereby
facilitating to constrain light neutrino masses from $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay.
With this large value of $M_D$ new contributions arise due to; i) purely
left-handed current via exchange of heavy right-handed neutrinos as well as
sterile neutrinos, ii) the so called $\lambda$ and $\eta$ diagrams. New physics
contributions also arise from right-handed currents with right-handed gauge
boson $W_R$ mass around $3$~TeV. From the numerical study, we find that the new
contributions to $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay not only saturate the current
experimental bound but also give lower limit on absolute scale of lightest
neutrino mass and favor NH pattern of light neutrino mass hierarchy.


title: Context-based Pseudonym Changing Scheme for Vehicular Adhoc Networks

abstract:
  Vehicular adhoc networks allow vehicles to share their information for safety
and traffic efficiency. However, sharing information may threaten the driver
privacy because it includes spatiotemporal information and is broadcast
publicly and periodically. In this paper, we propose a context-adaptive
pseudonym changing scheme which lets a vehicle decide autonomously when to
change its pseudonym and how long it should remain silent to ensure
unlinkability. This scheme adapts dynamically based on the density of the
surrounding traffic and the user privacy preferences. We employ a multi-target
tracking algorithm to measure privacy in terms of traceability in realistic
vehicle traces. We use Monte Carlo analysis to estimate the quality of service
(QoS) of a forward collision warning application when vehicles apply this
scheme. According to the experimental results, the proposed scheme provides a
better compromise between traceability and QoS than a random silent period
scheme.


title: Machine Learned Resume-Job Matching Solution

abstract:
  Job search through online matching engines nowadays are very prominent and
beneficial to both job seekers and employers. But the solutions of traditional
engines without understanding the semantic meanings of different resumes have
not kept pace with the incredible changes in machine learning techniques and
computing capability. These solutions are usually driven by manual rules and
predefined weights of keywords which lead to an inefficient and frustrating
search experience. To this end, we present a machine learned solution with rich
features and deep learning methods. Our solution includes three configurable
modules that can be plugged with little restrictions. Namely, unsupervised
feature extraction, base classifiers training and ensemble method learning. In
our solution, rather than using manual rules, machine learned methods to
automatically detect the semantic similarity of positions are proposed. Then
four competitive "shallow" estimators and "deep" estimators are selected.
Finally, ensemble methods to bag these estimators and aggregate their
individual predictions to form a final prediction are verified. Experimental
results of over 47 thousand resumes show that our solution can significantly
improve the predication precision current position, salary, educational
background and company scale.


title: The solution of a generalized secretary problem via analytic expressions

abstract:
  Given integers $1\leq k<n$, the Gusein-Zade version of a generalized
secretary problem is to choose one of the $k$ best of $n$ candidates for a
secretary, which are interviewing in random order. The stopping rule in the
selection is based only on the relative ranks of the successive arrivals. It is
known that the best policy can be described by a non--decreasing sequence
$(s_1, \ldots, s_k)$ of integers with $l\leq s_l<n$ for every $1\leq l\leq k$,
and conversely, any such a sequence determines the general structure of the
best policy. We found a finite analytic expression for the probability of
success when using the optimal policy with a sequence $(s_1, \ldots, s_k)$. We
also study the problem of the construction of the optimal sequence, i.e. a
sequence which maximizes the corresponding probability of success. We
discovered finite analytic expressions which enable to calculate the elements
$s_l$ of an optimal sequence one by one, from $l=k$ to $l=1$. Until now, such
expressions were derived separately, and only for the values $k\leq 3$.


title: Higher Spins as Rolling Tachyons in Open String Field Theory

abstract:
  We find a simple analytic solution in open string field theory which, in the
on-shell limit, generates a tower of higher spin vertex operators in bosonic
string theory. The solution is related to irregular off-shell vertex operators
for Gaiotto states. The wavefunctions for the irregular vertex operators are
described by equations following from the cubic effective action for
generalized rolling tachyons, indicating that the evolution from flat to
collective higher-spin background in string field theory occurs according to
cosmological pattern. We discuss the relation between nonlocalities of the
rolling tachyon action and those of higher spin interactions.


title: Fundamental Matrices from Moving Objects Using Line Motion Barcodes

abstract:
  Computing the epipolar geometry between cameras with very different
viewpoints is often very difficult. The appearance of objects can vary greatly,
and it is difficult to find corresponding feature points. Prior methods
searched for corresponding epipolar lines using points on the convex hull of
the silhouette of a single moving object. These methods fail when the scene
includes multiple moving objects. This paper extends previous work to scenes
having multiple moving objects by using the "Motion Barcodes", a temporal
signature of lines. Corresponding epipolar lines have similar motion barcodes,
and candidate pairs of corresponding epipoar lines are found by the similarity
of their motion barcodes. As in previous methods we assume that cameras are
relatively stationary and that moving objects have already been extracted using
background subtraction.


title:
Planar Lefschetz fibrations and Stein structures with distinct
  Ozsvath-Szabo invariants on corks

abstract:
  Thanks to a result of Lisca and Matic and a refinement by Plamenevskaya, it
is known that on a 4-manifold with boundary Stein structures with
non-isomorphic Spinc structures induce contact structures with distinct
Ozsvath-Szabo invariants. Here we give an infinite family of examples showing
that converse of Lisca-Matic-Plamenevskaya theorem does not hold in general.
Our examples arise from Mazur type corks.


title:
Parameter-free superconvergent $H(\mathrm{div})$-conforming HDG methods
  for the Brinkman equations

abstract:
  In this paper, we present new parameter-free superconvergent
H(div)-conforming HDG methods for the Brinkman equations on both simplicial and
rectangular meshes. The methods are based on a velocity
gradient-velocity-pressure formulation, which can be considered as a natural
extension of the H(div)-conforming HDG method (defined on simplicial meshes)
for the Stokes flow [Math. Comp. 83(2014), pp. 1571-1598].
  We obtain optimal error estimates in $L^2$-norms for all the variables in
both the Stokes-dominated regime (high viscosity/permeability ratio) and
Darcy-dominated regime (low viscosity/permeability ratio). We also obtain
superconvergent L^2-estimate of one order higher for a suitable projection of
the velocity error, which is typical for (hybrid) mixed methods for elliptic
problems. Moreover, thanks to H(div)-conformity of the velocity, our velocity
error estimates are independent of the pressure regularity.
  Preliminary numerical results on both triangular and rectangular meshes in
two-space dimensions confirm our theoretical predictions.


title:
Singular integrals unsuitable for the curvature method whose
  $L^2$-boundedness still implies rectifiability

abstract:
  The well-known curvature method initiated in works of Melnikov and Verdera is
now commonly used to relate the $L^2(\mu)$-boundedness of certain singular
integral operators to the geometric properties of the support of measure $\mu$,
e.g. rectifiability. It can be applied however only if Menger curvature-like
permutations, directly associated with the kernel of the operator, are
non-negative. We give an example of an operator in the plane whose
corresponding permutations change sign but the $L^2(\mu)$-boundedness of the
operator still implies that the support of $\mu$ is rectifiable. To the best of
our knowledge, it is the first example of this type. We also obtain several
related results with Ahlfors-David regularity conditions.


title:
Bayesian spatial transformation models with applications in neuroimaging
  data

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to develop a class of spatial transformation models
(STM) to spatially model the varying association between imaging measures in a
three-dimensional (3D) volume (or 2D surface) and a set of covariates. Our STMs
include a varying Box-Cox transformation model for dealing with the issue of
non-Gaussian distributed imaging data and a Gaussian Markov Random Field model
for incorporating spatial smoothness of the imaging data. Posterior computation
proceeds via an efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Simulations and
real data analysis demonstrate that the STM significantly outperforms the
voxel-wise linear model with Gaussian noise in recovering meaningful geometric
patterns. Our STM is able to reveal important brain regions with morphological
changes in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.


title:
Mapping the nanomechanical properties of graphene suspended on silica
  nanoparticles

abstract:
  Using nanoparticles to impart extrinsic rippling in graphene is a relatively
new method to induce strain and to tailor the properties of graphene. Here we
study the structure and elastic properties of graphene grown by chemical vapour
deposition and transferred onto a continuous layer of SiO2 nanoparticles with
diameters of around 25 nm, prepared by Langmuir-Blodgett technique on Si
substrate. We show that the transferred graphene follows only roughly the
morphology induced by nanoparticles. The graphene membrane parts bridging the
nanoparticles are suspended and their adhesion to the AFM tip is larger
compared to that of supported graphene parts. These suspended graphene regions
can be deformed with forces of the order of 10 nN. The elastic modulus of
graphene was determined from indentation measurements performed on suspended
membrane regions with diameters in the 100 nm range.


title: Causal hierarchy of multipartite Bell nonlocality

abstract:
  As with entanglement, different forms of Bell nonlocality arise in the
multipartite scenario. These can be defined in terms of relaxations of the
causal assumptions in local hidden-variable theories. However, a
characterisation of all the forms of multipartite nonlocality has until now
been out of reach, mainly due to the complexity of generic multipartite causal
models. Here, we employ the formalism of Bayesian networks to reveal
connections among different causal structures that make a both practical and
physically meaningful classification possible. Our framework holds for
arbitrarily many parties. We apply it to study the tripartite scenario in
detail, where we fully characterize all the nonlocality classes. Remarkably, we
identify new highly nonlocal causal structures that cannot reproduce all
quantum correlations. This shows, to our knowledge, the strongest form of
quantum multipartite nonlocality known to date. Finally, as a by-product
result, we derive a non-trivial Bell-type inequality with no quantum violation.
Our findings constitute a significant step forward in the understanding of
multipartite Bell nonlocality and open several venues for future research.


title:
Topological complexity of collision-free multi-tasking motion planning
  on orientable surfaces

abstract:
  We compute the higher topological complexity of ordered configuration spaces
of orientable surfaces, thus extending Cohen-Farber's description of the
ordinary topological complexity of those spaces.


title: Breaking the weak Heisenberg limit

abstract:
  We provide a very simple case showing that the weak form of the Heisenberg
limit can be beaten while the prior information is improved without bias.


title: A classification of the cofinal structures of precompacta

abstract:
  We provide a complete classification of the possible cofinal structures of
the families of precompact (totally bounded) sets in general metric spaces, and
compact sets in general complete metric spaces. Using this classification, we
classify the cofinal structure of local bases in the groups $\C(X,\bbR)$ of
continuous real-valued functions on complete metric spaces $X$, with respect to
the compact-open topology.


title:
Ultrarelativistic transverse momentum distribution of the Tsallis
  statistics

abstract:
  The analytical expressions for the ultrarelativistic transverse momentum
distributions of the Tsallis and the Tsallis-$2$ statistics were obtained. We
found that the transverse momentum distribution of the Tsallis-factorized
statistics, which is now largely used to describe the experimental transverse
momentum spectra of hadrons measured in $pp$ collisions at LHC and RHIC
energies, in the ultrarelativistic case is not equivalent to the transverse
momentum distributions of the Tsallis and the Tsallis-$2$ statistics. However,
we revealed that this distribution exactly coincides with the transverse
momentum distribution of the Tsallis-$2$ statistics in the zeroth term
approximation and is transformed to the transverse momentum distribution of the
Tsallis statistics in the zeroth term approximation by changing the parameter
$q$ to $1/q_{c}$. We demonstrated analytically on the basis of the
ultrarelativistic ideal gas that the Tsallis-factorized statistics is not
equivalent to the Tsallis and the Tsallis-$2$ statistics. In the present paper
the Tsallis statistics corresponds to the standard expectation values.


title: Region-based semantic segmentation with end-to-end training

abstract:
  We propose a novel method for semantic segmentation, the task of labeling
each pixel in an image with a semantic class. Our method combines the
advantages of the two main competing paradigms. Methods based on region
classification offer proper spatial support for appearance measurements, but
typically operate in two separate stages, none of which targets pixel labeling
performance at the end of the pipeline. More recent fully convolutional methods
are capable of end-to-end training for the final pixel labeling, but resort to
fixed patches as spatial support. We show how to modify modern region-based
approaches to enable end-to-end training for semantic segmentation. This is
achieved via a differentiable region-to-pixel layer and a differentiable
free-form Region-of-Interest pooling layer. Our method improves the
state-of-the-art in terms of class-average accuracy with 64.0% on SIFT Flow and
49.9% on PASCAL Context, and is particularly accurate at object boundaries.


title:
NLTE carbon abundance determination in selected A- and B-type stars and
  the interpretation of C\ione\ emission lines

abstract:
  We constructed a comprehensive model atom for C\ione\ -- C\ii\ using the most
up-to-date atomic data available and evaluated the non-local thermodynamic
equilibrium (NLTE) line formation for C\ione\ and C\ii\ in classical 1D models
representing the atmospheres of A and late B-type stars. Our NLTE calculations
predict the emission that appears at effective temperature of 9250 to 10\,500~K
depending on log~$g$ in the C\ione\ 8335, 9405\,\AA\ singlet lines and at
\Teff~$>$~15\,000~K (log~$g$ = 4) in the C\ione\ 9061 -- 9111\,\AA\,, 9603 --
9658\,\AA\, triplet lines. A prerequisite of the emission phenomenon is the
overionization-recombination mechanism resulting in a depopulation of the lower
levels of C\ione\ to a greater extent than the upper levels. Extra depopulation
of the lower levels of the transitions corresponding to the near-infrared
lines, is caused by photon loss in the UV lines C\ione\ 2479, 1930, and
1657\,\AA. We analysed the lines of C\ione\ and C\ii\ in Vega, HD~73666,
Sirius, 21~Peg, $\pi$~Cet, HD~22136, and $\iota$ Her taking advantage of their
observed high-resolution spectra. The C\ione\ emission lines were detected in
the four hottest stars, and they were well reproduced in our NLTE calculations.
For each star, the mean NLTE abundances from lines of the two ionization
stages, C\ione\ and C\ii, including the C\ione\ emission lines, were found to
be consistent. We show that the predicted C\ione\ emission phenomenon depends
strongly on whether accurate or approximate electron-impact excitation rates
are applied.


title: A Selectable Sloppy Heap

abstract:
  We study the selection problem, namely that of computing the $i$th order
statistic of $n$ given elements. Here we offer a data structure called
\emph{selectable sloppy heap} handling a dynamic version in which upon request:
(i)~a new element is inserted or (ii)~an element of a prescribed quantile group
is deleted from the data structure. Each operation is executed in (ideal!)
constant time---and is thus independent of $n$ (the number of elements stored
in the data structure)---provided that the number of quantile groups is fixed.
This is the first result of this kind accommodating both insertion and deletion
in constant time. As such, our data structure outperforms the soft heap data
structure of Chazelle (which only offers constant amortized complexity for a
fixed error rate $0<\varepsilon \leq 1/2$) in applications such as dynamic
percentile maintenance. The design demonstrates how slowing down a certain
computation can speed up the data structure.


title: Secret Key Generation Through a Relay

abstract:
  We consider problems of two-user secret key generation through an
intermediate relay. Each user observes correlated source sequences and
communicates to the relay over rate-limited noiseless links. The relay
processes and broadcasts information to the two users over another rate-limited
link. The users then generate a common secret key based on their sources and
information from the relay. In the untrusted relay setting, the goal is to
establish key agreement between the two users at the highest key rate without
leaking information about the key to the relay. We characterize inner and outer
bounds to the optimal tradeoff between communication and key rates. The inner
bound is based on the scheme which involves a combination of binning, network
coding, and key aggregation techniques. For the trusted relay setting with a
public broadcast link, the optimal communication-key rate tradeoff is provided
for a special case where the two sources are available losslessly at the relay.
The results can be relevant for cloud-based secret key generation services.


title:
Bulges and disks in the local Universe. Linking the galaxy structure to
  star formation activity

abstract:
  We use a sample built on the SDSS DR7 catalogue and the bulge-disc
decomposition of Simard et al. (2011) to study how the bulge and disc
components contribute to the parent galaxy's star formation activity, by
determining its position in the star formation rate (SFR) - stellar mass
(M$_{\star}$) plane at 0.02$<z<$0.1. We use the bulge and disc colours as proxy
for their SFRs. We study the mean galaxy bulge-total mass ratio (B/T) as a
function of the residual from the MS ($\Delta_{MS}$) and find that the
B/T-$\Delta_{MS}$ relation exhibits a parabola-like shape with the peak of the
MS corresponding to the lowest B/Ts at any stellar mass. The lower and upper
envelop of the MS are populated by galaxies with similar B/T, velocity
dispersion and concentration ($R_{90}/R_{50}$) values. Bulges above the MS are
characterised by blue colours or, when red, by a high level of dust
obscuration, thus indicating that in both cases they are actively star forming.
When on the MS or below it, bulges are mostly red and dead. At stellar masses
above $10^{10.5} $M$_{\odot}$, bulges on the MS or in the green valley tend to
be significantly redder than their counterparts in the quiescence region,
despite similar levels of dust obscuration. The disc color anti-correlates at
any mass with the distance from the MS, getting redder when approaching the MS
lower envelope and the quiescence region. We conclude that the position of a
galaxy in the LogSFR-LogM$_{\star}$ plane depends on the star formation
activity of its components: above the MS both bulge and disk are actively star
forming. The nuclear activity is the first to be suppressed, moving the
galaxies on the MS. Once the disk stops forming stars as well, the galaxy moves
below the MS and eventually to the quiescence region. This is confirmed by a
large fraction ($\sim45\%$) of passive galaxies with a secure two component
morphology.


title: Complexity of Token Swapping and its Variants

abstract:
  In the Token Swapping problem we are given a graph with a token placed on
each vertex. Each token has exactly one destination vertex, and we try to move
all the tokens to their destinations, using the minimum number of swaps, i.e.,
operations of exchanging the tokens on two adjacent vertices. As the main
result of this paper, we show that Token Swapping is $W[1]$-hard parameterized
by the length $k$ of a shortest sequence of swaps. In fact, we prove that, for
any computable function $f$, it cannot be solved in time $f(k)n^{o(k / \log
k)}$ where $n$ is the number of vertices of the input graph, unless the ETH
fails. This lower bound almost matches the trivial $n^{O(k)}$-time algorithm.
  We also consider two generalizations of the Token Swapping, namely Colored
Token Swapping (where the tokens have different colors and tokens of the same
color are indistinguishable), and Subset Token Swapping (where each token has a
set of possible destinations). To complement the hardness result, we prove that
even the most general variant, Subset Token Swapping, is FPT in nowhere-dense
graph classes.
  Finally, we consider the complexities of all three problems in very
restricted classes of graphs: graphs of bounded treewidth and diameter, stars,
cliques, and paths, trying to identify the borderlines between polynomial and
NP-hard cases.


title:
Neutron spin-echo study of the critical dynamics of spin-5/2
  antiferromagnets in two and three dimensions

abstract:
  We report a neutron spin-echo study of the critical dynamics in the $S=5/2$
antiferromagnets MnF$_2$ and Rb$_2$MnF$_4$ with three-dimensional (3D) and
two-dimensional (2D) spin systems, respectively, in zero external field. Both
compounds are Heisenberg antiferromagnets with a small uniaxial anisotropy
resulting from dipolar spin-spin interactions, which leads to a crossover in
the critical dynamics close to the N\'eel temperature, $T_N$. By taking
advantage of the $\mu\text{eV}$ energy resolution of the spin-echo
spectrometer, we have determined the dynamical critical exponents $z$ for both
longitudinal and transverse fluctuations. In MnF$_2$, both the characteristic
temperature for crossover from 3D Heisenberg to 3D Ising behavior and the
exponents $z$ in both regimes are consistent with predictions from the
dynamical scaling theory. The amplitude ratio of longitudinal and transverse
fluctuations also agrees with predictions. In Rb$_2$MnF$_4$, the critical
dynamics crosses over from the expected 2D Heisenberg behavior for $T\gg T_N$
to a scaling regime with exponent $z = 1.387(4)$, which has not been predicted
by theory and may indicate the influence of long-range dipolar interactions.


title:
Combinatorics of past-similarity in higher dimensional transition
  systems

abstract:
  The key notion to understand the left determined Olschok model category of
star-shaped Cattani-Sassone transition systems is past-similarity. Two states
are past-similar if they have homotopic pasts. An object is fibrant if and only
if the set of transitions is closed under past-similarity. A map is a weak
equivalence if and only if it induces an isomorphism after the identification
of all past-similar states. The last part of this paper is a discussion about
the link between causality and homotopy.


title:
Non-parametric deprojection of NIKA SZ observations: Pressure
  distribution in the Planck-discovered cluster PSZ1 G045.85+57.71

abstract:
  The determination of the thermodynamic properties of clusters of galaxies at
intermediate and high redshift can bring new insights into the formation of
large-scale structures. It is essential for a robust calibration of the
mass-observable scaling relations and their scatter, which are key ingredients
for precise cosmology using cluster statistics. Here we illustrate an
application of high resolution $(< 20$ arcsec) thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ)
observations by probing the intracluster medium (ICM) of the \planck-discovered
galaxy cluster \psz\ at redshift $z = 0.61$, using tSZ data obtained with the
NIKA camera, which is a dual-band (150 and 260~GHz) instrument operated at the
IRAM 30-meter telescope. We deproject jointly NIKA and \planck\ data to extract
the electronic pressure distribution from the cluster core ($R \sim 0.02\,
R_{500}$) to its outskirts ($R \sim 3\, R_{500}$) non-parametrically for the
first time at intermediate redshift. The constraints on the resulting pressure
profile allow us to reduce the relative uncertainty on the integrated Compton
parameter by a factor of two compared to the \planck\ value. Combining the tSZ
data and the deprojected electronic density profile from \xmm\ allows us to
undertake a hydrostatic mass analysis, for which we study the impact of a
spherical model assumption on the total mass estimate. We also investigate the
radial temperature and entropy distributions. These data indicate that \psz\ is
a massive ($M_{500} \sim 5.5 \times 10^{14}$ M$_{\odot}$) cool-core cluster.
This work is part of a pilot study aiming at optimizing the treatment of the
NIKA2 tSZ large program dedicated to the follow-up of SZ-discovered clusters at
intermediate and high redshifts. (abridged)


title:
End-to-End Image Super-Resolution via Deep and Shallow Convolutional
  Networks

abstract:
  One impressive advantage of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is their
ability to automatically learn feature representation from raw pixels,
eliminating the need for hand-designed procedures. However, recent methods for
single image super-resolution (SR) fail to maintain this advantage. They
utilize CNNs in two decoupled steps, i.e., first upsampling the low resolution
(LR) image to the high resolution (HR) size with hand-designed techniques
(e.g., bicubic interpolation), and then applying CNNs on the upsampled LR image
to reconstruct HR results. In this paper, we seek an alternative and propose a
new image SR method, which jointly learns the feature extraction, upsampling
and HR reconstruction modules, yielding a completely end-to-end trainable deep
CNN. As opposed to existing approaches, the proposed method conducts upsampling
in the latent feature space with filters that are optimized for the task of
image SR. In addition, the HR reconstruction is performed in a multi-scale
manner to simultaneously incorporate both short- and long-range contextual
information, ensuring more accurate restoration of HR images. To facilitate
network training, a new training approach is designed, which jointly trains the
proposed deep network with a relatively shallow network, leading to faster
convergence and more superior performance. The proposed method is extensively
evaluated on widely adopted data sets and improves the performance of
state-of-the-art methods with a considerable margin. Moreover, in-depth
ablation studies are conducted to verify the contribution of different network
designs to image SR, providing additional insights for future research.


title:
On the Moser-Trudinger inequality in fractional Sobolev-Slobodeckij
  spaces

abstract:
  We consider the problem of finding the optimal exponent in the
Moser-Trudinger inequality \[ \sup \left\{\int_\Omega
\exp{\left(\alpha\,|u|^{\frac{N}{N-s}}\right)}\,\bigg|\,u \in
\widetilde{W}^{s,p}_0(\Omega),\,[u]_{W^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^N)}\leq 1 \right\}< +
\infty.\] Here $\Omega$ is a bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^N$ ($N\geq 2$), $s
\in (0,1)$, $sp = N$, $\widetilde{W}^{s,p}_0(\Omega)$ is a Sobolev-Slobodeckij
space, and $[\cdot]_{W^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^N)}$ is the associated Gagliardo
seminorm. We exhibit an explicit exponent $\alpha^*_{s,N}>0$, which does not
depend on $\Omega$, such that the Moser-Trudinger inequality does not hold true
for $\alpha \in (\alpha^*_{s,N},+\infty)$.


title: The largest values of Dedekind sums

abstract:
  Let $s(m,n)$ denote the classical \DED sum, where $n$ is a positive integer
and $m\in\{0,1,\ldots, n-1\}$, $(m,n)=1$. For a given positive integer $k$, we
describe a set of at most $k^2$ numbers $m$ for which $s(m,n)$ may be $\ge
s(k,n)$, provided that $n$ is sufficiently large. For the numbers $m$ not in
this set, $s(m,n)<s(k,n)$.


title: Splitting methods for constrained diffusion-reaction systems

abstract:
  We consider Lie and Strang splitting for the time integration of constrained
partial differential equations with a nonlinear reaction term. Since such
systems are known to be sensitive with respect to perturbations, the splitting
procedure seems promising as we can treat the nonlinearity separately. This has
some computational advantages, since we only have to solve a linear constrained
system and a nonlinear ODE. However, Strang splitting suffers from order
reduction which limits its efficiency. This is caused by the fact that the
nonlinear subsystem produces inconsistent initial values for the constrained
subsystem. The incorporation of an additional correction term resolves this
problem without increasing the computational cost. Numerical examples including
a coupled mechanical system illustrate the proven convergence results.


title: The Price of Anarchy in Auctions

abstract:
  This survey outlines a general and modular theory for proving approximation
guarantees for equilibria of auctions in complex settings. This theory
complements traditional economic techniques, which generally focus on exact and
optimal solutions and are accordingly limited to relatively stylized settings.
  We highlight three user-friendly analytical tools: smoothness-type
inequalities, which immediately yield approximation guarantees for many auction
formats of interest in the special case of complete information and
deterministic strategies; extension theorems, which extend such guarantees to
randomized strategies, no-regret learning outcomes, and incomplete-information
settings; and composition theorems, which extend such guarantees from simpler
to more complex auctions. Combining these tools yields tight worst-case
approximation guarantees for the equilibria of many widely-used auction
formats.


title: Quantisation of Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

abstract:
  A quantisation of the KP equation on a cylinder is proposed that is
equivalent to an infinite system of non-relativistic one-dimensional bosons
carrying masses $m=1,2,\ldots$ The Hamiltonian is Galilei-invariant and
includes the split $\Psi^\dagger_{m_1}\Psi^\dagger_{m_2}\Psi_{m_1+m_2}$ and
merge $\Psi^\dagger_{m_1+m_2}\Psi_{m_1}\Psi_{m_2}$ terms for all combinations
of particles with masses $m_1$, $m_2$ and $m_1+m_2$, with a special choice of
coupling constants. The Bethe eigenfunctions for the model are constructed. The
consistency of the coordinate Bethe Ansatz, and therefore, the quantum
integrability of the model is verified up to the mass $M=8$ sector.


title: On Complex Supermanifolds with Trivial Canonical Bundle

abstract:
  We give an algebraic characterisation for the triviality of the canonical
bundle of a complex supermanifold in terms of a certain Batalin-Vilkovisky
superalgebra structure. As an application, we study the Calabi-Yau case, in
which an explicit formula in terms of the Levi-Civita connection is achieved.
Our methods include the use of complex integral forms and the recently
developed theory of superholonomy.


title:
Maxwell equation violation by density dependent magnetic fields in
  neutron stars

abstract:
  We show that the widely used density dependent magnetic field prescriptions,
necessary to account for the variation of the field intensity from the crust to
the core of neutron stars violate one of the Maxwell equations. We estimate how
strong the violation is when different equations of state are used and check
for which cases the pathological problem can be cured.


title:
Neutron Larmor diffraction investigation of the rare earth pyrochlores
  $R_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ ($R$ = Tb, Dy, Ho)

abstract:
  In this work we present a neutron Larmor diffraction study of the rare earth
pyrochlores $R_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$, with $R$ = Tb, Dy, Ho. We measured the
temperature dependence of the lattice parameter with precision $10^{-5}$,
between 0.5 K and 300 K in each of the three compounds. The lattice parameter
of the spin ices Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ and Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ enters into the
derivation of the charge of the emergent magnetic monopole excitations
suggested to exist in these materials. We found that throughout the range of
applicability of the theory of emergent monopoles in the spin ices there will
be no renormalization of the monopole charge due to lattice contraction. In
Tb$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ strong magnetoelastic interactions have been reported. We
found no sign of the previously reported negative thermal expansion, but did
observe anomalies in the thermal expansion that can be correlated with
previously observed interactions between phonon and crystal field excitations.
Other features in the thermal expansion of all three compounds can be related
to previously observed anomalies the elastic constants, and explained by the
phonon band structure of the rare earth titanates. The temperature dependence
of the lattice strain in all three compounds can be correlated with the thermal
population of excited crystal field levels.


title: Transverse azimuthal dephasing of vortex spin wave in a hot atomic gas

abstract:
  Optical fields with orbital angular momentum (OAM) interact with medium have
many remarkable properties with its unique azimuthal phase, showing many
potential applications in high capacity information processing, high precision
measurement etc. The dephasing mechanics of optical fields with OAM in an
interface between light and matter plays a vital role in many areas of physics.
In this work, we study the transverse azimuthal dephasing of OAM spin wave in a
hot atomic gas via OAM storage. The transverse azimuthal phase difference
between the control and probe beams is mapped onto the spin wave, which
essentially results in dephasing of atomic spin wave. The dephasing of OAM spin
wave can be controlled by the parameters of OAM topological charge and beam
waist. Our results are helpful for studying OAM light interaction with matter,
maybe hold a promise in OAM-based quantum information processing.


title:
High-Resolution Hard X-ray Holography by Unconfined Atomic Layer
  Deposited Phase-Shifting 3D References

abstract:
  We demonstrate high-resolution non-iterative holographic coherent diffraction
imaging with hard X-rays using a novel phase-shifting reference, fabricated by
atomic layer deposition to produce nanosharp 3D structure. The method surpasses
the limitations associated with absorbing substrates predominantly employed in
soft X-ray holography using extended, customized and point-source references.
The unconfined experimental setup relaxes the technical constraints, allows
effective data correction, and enables independent sample translation and
rotation for data averaging and tomography. Applicable to single-shot
measurements, phase and amplitude reconstructions of samples are retrieved with
single-pixel resolution and differential contrast by simple non-iterative
computation.


title: Multiple Charge Density Wave States at the Surface of TbTe$_3$

abstract:
  We studied TbTe$_{3}$ using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in the
temperature range of 298 - 355 K. As seen in previous STM measurements on
RTe$_{3}$ compounds, our measurements detect a unidirectional charge density
wave state (CDW) in the surface Te-layer with a wavevector consistent with that
of the bulk, q$_{cdw}$ = 0.30 $\pm$ 0.01c$^{*}$. However, unlike previous STM
measurements, and differing from measurements probing the bulk, we detect two
perpendicular orientations for the unidirectional CDWs with no directional
preference for the in-plane crystal axes (a- or c-axis) and no noticeable
difference in wavevector magnitude. In addition, we find regions in which the
bidirectional CDW states coexist. We propose that observation of two CDW states
indicates a decoupling of the surface Te-layer from the rare-earth block layer
below, and that strain variations in the Te surface layer drive the local CDW
direction to the specific unidirectional or, in rare occurrences, bidirectional
CDW orders observed. This indicates that similar driving mechanisms for CDW
formation in the bulk, where anisotropic lattice strain energy is important,
are at play at the surface. In our bias-dependent measurements, we find no
contrast inversion for the CDW state between occupied and empty states. This
finding differs from other quasi 2-dimensional materials containing a hidden
1-dimensional character which leads to a favorable Fermi surface nesting
scenario. Our temperature-dependent measurements provide evidence for localized
CDW formation above the bulk transition temperature, T$_{cdw}$.


title:
On Understanding the Nature of Collision of Coronal Mass Ejections
  Observed by \textit{STEREO}

abstract:
  Our study attempts to understand the collision characteristics of two coronal
mass ejections (CMEs) launched successively from the Sun on 2013 October 25.
The estimated kinematics, from three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques
applied to observations of CMEs by SECCHI/Coronagraphic (COR) and Heliospheric
Imagers (HIs), reveal their collision around 37 $R_\sun$ from the Sun. In the
analysis, we take into account the propagation and expansion speeds, impact
direction, angular size as well as the masses of the CMEs. These parameters are
derived from imaging observations, but may suffer from large uncertainties.
Therefore, by adopting head-on as well as oblique collision scenarios, we have
quantified the range of uncertainties involved in the calculation of the
coefficient of restitution for expanding magnetized plasmoids. Our study shows
that the comparatively large expansion speed of the following CME than that of
the preceding CME, results in a higher probability of super-elastic collision.
We also infer that a relative approaching speed of the CMEs lower than the sum
of their expansion speeds increases the chance of super-elastic collision. The
analysis under a reasonable errors in observed parameters of the CME, reveals
the larger probability of occurrence of an inelastic collision for the selected
CMEs. We suggest that the collision nature of two CMEs should be discussed in
3D, and the calculated value of the coefficient of restitution may suffer from
a large uncertainty.


title: Nonminimal Lorentz violation

abstract:
  This contribution to the CPT'16 meeting provides a brief overview of recent
studies of nonminimal Lorentz violation in the Standard-Model Extension.


title:
On drift fields in CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors with point-like
  collection diodes

abstract:
  - Paper withdrawn by the author - CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors for
charged particle tracking are considered as technology for numerous experiments
in heavy ion and particle physics. To match the requirements for those
applications in terms of tolerance to non-ionizing radiation, it is being tried
to deplete the sensitive volume of the, traditionally non-depleted, silicon
sensors.
  We study the feasibility of this approach for the common case that the
collection diodes of the pixel are small as compared to the pixel pitch. An
analytic equation predicting the thickness of the depletion depth and the
capacity of this point-like junction is introduced. We find that the
predictions of this equations differs qualitatively from the usual results for
flat PN junctions and that $dC/dU$-measurements are not suited to measure the
depletion depth of diodes with point-like geometry. The predictions of the
equation is compared with measurements on the depletion depth of CMOS sensors,
which were carried out with a novel measurement protocol. It is found that the
equation and the measurement results match with each other. By comparing our
findings with TCAD simulations, we find that precise simulation models matches
the empirical findings while simplified models overestimate the depletion depth
dramatically. A potential explanation for this finding is introduced and the
consequences for the design of CMOS sensors are discussed.


title: Hierarchical Multi-resolution Mesh Networks for Brain Decoding

abstract:
  We propose a new framework, called Hierarchical Multi-resolution Mesh
Networks (HMMNs), which establishes a set of brain networks at multiple time
resolutions of fMRI signal to represent the underlying cognitive process. The
suggested framework, first, decomposes the fMRI signal into various frequency
subbands using wavelet transforms. Then, a brain network, called mesh network,
is formed at each subband by ensembling a set of local meshes. The locality
around each anatomic region is defined with respect to a neighborhood system
based on functional connectivity. The arc weights of a mesh are estimated by
ridge regression formed among the average region time series. In the final
step, the adjacency matrices of mesh networks obtained at different subbands
are ensembled for brain decoding under a hierarchical learning architecture,
called, fuzzy stacked generalization (FSG). Our results on Human Connectome
Project task-fMRI dataset reflect that the suggested HMMN model can
successfully discriminate tasks by extracting complementary information
obtained from mesh arc weights of multiple subbands. We study the topological
properties of the mesh networks at different resolutions using the network
measures, namely, node degree, node strength, betweenness centrality and global
efficiency; and investigate the connectivity of anatomic regions, during a
cognitive task. We observe significant variations among the network topologies
obtained for different subbands. We, also, analyze the diversity properties of
classifier ensemble, trained by the mesh networks in multiple subbands and
observe that the classifiers in the ensemble collaborate with each other to
fuse the complementary information freed at each subband. We conclude that the
fMRI data, recorded during a cognitive task, embed diverse information across
the anatomic regions at each resolution.


title: Parallelized Proximity-Based Query Processing Methods for Road Networks

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a paradigm for processing in parallel graph joins
in road networks. The methodology we present can be used for distance join
processing among the elements of two disjoint sets R,S of nodes from the road
network, with R preceding S, and we are in search for the pairs of vertices
(u,v), where u in R and v in S, such that dist(u,v) < {\theta}. Another
variation of the problem would involve retrieving the k closest pairs (u,v) in
the road network with u in R and v in S, such that dist(u,v) <= dist(w,y),
where w,y do not belong in the result.
  We reckon that this is an extremely useful paradigm with many practical
applications. A typical example of usage of our methods would be to find the
pairs of restaurants and bars (in that order) from which to select for a night
out, that either fall within walking distance for example, or just the k
closest pairs, depending on the parameters. Another entirely different scenario
would involve finding the points of two distinct trajectories that are within a
certain distance predicate, or the k closest such points. For example, we would
like to transfer from one train to another a few tones of freight, and hence,
we want to minimize the distance we have to cover for moving the cargo from the
carrying train to the other. We reckon that this endeavor of ours covers
exactly those needs for processing such queries efficiently.
  Moreover, for the specific purposes of this paper, we also propose a novel
heuristic graph partitioning scheme. It resembles a recursive bisection method,
and is tailored to the requirements of the problem, targeting at establishing
well separated partitions, so as to allow computations to be performed
simultaneously and independently within each partition, unlike hitherto work
that aims at minimizing either the number of edges among different partitions,
or the number of nodes thereof.


title:
Low-complexity feedback-channel-free distributed video coding using
  Local Rank Transform

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a new feedback-channel-free Distributed Video
Coding (DVC) algorithm using Local Rank Transform (LRT). The encoder computes
LRT by considering selected neighborhood pixels of Wyner-Ziv frame. The ranks
from the modified LRT are merged, and their positions are entropy coded and
sent to the decoder. In addition, means of each block of Wyner-Ziv frame are
also transmitted to assist motion estimation. Using these measurements, the
decoder generates side information (SI) by implementing motion estimation and
compensation in LRT domain. An iterative algorithm is executed on SI using LRT
to reconstruct the Wyner-Ziv frame. Experimental results show that the coding
efficiency of our codec is close to the efficiency of pixel domain distributed
video coders based on Low-Density Parity Check and Accumulate (LDPCA) or turbo
codes, with less encoder complexity.


title: Domains and Random Variables

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to establish a theory of random variables on
domains. Domain theory is a fundamental component of theoretical computer
science, providing mathematical models of computational processes. Random
variables are the mainstay of probability theory. Since computational models
increasingly involve probabilistic aspects, it's only natural to explore the
relationship between these two areas. Our main results show how to cast results
about random variables using a domain-theoretic approach. The pay-off is an
extension of the results from probability measures to sub-probability measures.
We also use our approach to extend the class of domains for which we can
classify the domain structure of the space of sub-probability measures.


title: A High-Velocity Cloud Impact Forming a Supershell in the Milky Way

abstract:
  Neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in interstellar space is largely organized
into filaments, loops, and shells, the most prominent of which are
"supershells". These gigantic structures requiring $\gtrsim 3 \times 10^{52}$
erg to form are generally thought to be produced by either the explosion of
multiple supernovae (SNe) in OB associations or alternatively by the impact of
high-velocity clouds (HVCs) falling to the Galactic disk. Here we report the
detection of a kiloparsec (kpc)-size supershell in the outskirts of the Milky
Way with the compact HVC 040+01$-$282 (hereafter CHVC040) at its geometrical
center using the "Inner-Galaxy Arecibo L-band Feed Array" HI 21-cm survey data.
The morphological and physical properties of both objects suggest that CHVC040,
which is either a fragment of a nearby disrupted galaxy or a cloud originated
from an intergalactic accreting flow, collided with the disk $\sim 5$ Myrs ago
to form the supershell. Our result shows that some compact HVCs can survive
their trip through the Galactic halo and inject energy and momentum into the
Milky Way disk.


title: An all-silica three-element wide-field corrector for GMT

abstract:
  We present an alternative Corrector-ADC design for GMT. The design consists
of just 3 silica lenses, of maximum size 1.51m, and includes only a single
low-precision asphere for 20' field-of-view, and none for 10'. The
polychromatic (360nm-1300nm) image quality is d80<0.043" at zenith and
d80<0.20" for ZD<60 degrees. The monochromatic image quality is d80<0.1"
everywhere, and typically ~0.05". The ADC action is achieved by tilt and
translation of all three lenses; L1 and L2 via simple slide mechanisms each
using a single encoded actuator, and L3 via a novel 'tracker-ball' support and
three actuators. There is also a small motion of M2 via the hexapod,
automatically generated by the AGWS system. The ADC action causes a small
non-telecentricity, but this is much less than the unavoidable chromatic
effects shared with the baseline design. The ADC action also changes the
distortion pattern of the telescope, but this can be used positively, to reduce
the maximum image motion due to differential refraction by a factor of three.
The transmission is superb at all wavelengths, because of the reduced number of
air/glass surfaces, and the use only of fused silica.


title: Definable regularity lemmas for NIP hypergraphs

abstract:
  We present a systematic study of the regularity phenomena for NIP hypergraphs
and connections to the theory of (locally) generically stable measures,
providing a model-theoretic hypergraph version of the results from [L.
Lov\'asz, B. Szegedy, "Regularity partitions and the topology of graphons", An
irregular mind, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010, 415-446]. Besides, we revise
the two extremal cases of regularity for stable and distal hypergraphs,
improving and generalizing the results from [A. Chernikov, S. Starchenko,
"Regularity lemma for distal structures", J. Eur. Math. Soc. 20 (2018),
2437-2466] and [M. Malliaris, S. Shelah, "Regularity lemmas for stable graphs",
Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 366.3, 2014, 1551-1585].
Finally, we consider a related question of the existence of large
(approximately) homogeneous definable subsets of NIP hypergraphs and provide
some positive results and counterexamples.


title:
Online interpolation point refinement for reduced order models using a
  genetic algorithm

abstract:
  A genetic algorithm procedure is demonstrated that refines the selection of
interpolation points of the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) when
used for constructing reduced order models for time dependent and/or
parametrized nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) with proper
orthogonal decomposition. The method achieves nearly optimal interpolation
points with only a few generations of the search, making it potentially useful
for {\em online} refinement of the sparse sampling used to construct a
projection of the nonlinear terms. With the genetic algorithm, points are
optimized to jointly minimize reconstruction error and enable dynamic regime
classification. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated on two canonical
nonlinear PDEs: the cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation and the
Navier-Stokes equation for flow around a cylinder. Using the former model, the
procedure can be compared to the ground-truth optimal interpolation points,
showing that the genetic algorithm quickly achieves nearly optimal performance
and reduced the reconstruction error by nearly an order of magnitude.


title: The Electric Field of a Uniformly Charged Non-Conducting Cubic Surface

abstract:
  As an integrative and insightful example for undergraduates learning about
electrostatics, we discuss how to use symmetry, Coulomb's Law, superposition,
Gauss's law, and visualization to understand the electric field produced by a
non-conducting cubic surface that is covered with a uniform surface charge
density. We first discuss how to deduce qualitatively, using only elementary
physics, the surprising fact that the electric field inside the cubic surface
is nonzero and has a complex structure, pointing inwards towards the cube
center from the midface of each cube and pointing outwards towards each edge
and corner. We then discuss how to understand the quantitative features of the
electric field by plotting an analytical expression for E along symmetry lines
and on symmetry surfaces. This example would be a good choice for group problem
solving in a recitation or flipped classroom.


title:
A note on semilinear fractional elliptic equation: analysis and
  discretization

abstract:
  In this paper we study existence, regularity, and approximation of solution
to a fractional semilinear elliptic equation of order $s \in (0,1)$. We
identify minimal conditions on the nonlinear term and the source which leads to
existence of weak solutions and uniform $L^\infty$-bound on the solutions. Next
we realize the fractional Laplacian as a Dirichlet-to-Neumann map via the
Caffarelli-Silvestre extension. We introduce a first-degree tensor product
finite elements space to approximate the truncated problem. We derive a priori
error estimates and conclude with an illustrative numerical example.


title: Delineating Parameter Unidentifiabilities in Complex Models

abstract:
  Scientists use mathematical modelling to understand and predict the
properties of complex physical systems. In highly parameterised models there
often exist relationships between parameters over which model predictions are
identical, or nearly so. These are known as structural or practical
unidentifiabilities, respectively. They are hard to diagnose and make reliable
parameter estimation from data impossible. They furthermore imply the existence
of an underlying model simplification. We describe a scalable method for
detecting unidentifiabilities, and the functional relations defining them, for
generic models. This allows for model simplification, and appreciation of which
parameters (or functions thereof) cannot be estimated from data. Our algorithm
can identify features such as redundant mechanisms and fast timescale
subsystems, as well as the regimes in which such approximations are valid. We
base our algorithm on a novel quantification of regional parametric
sensitivity: multiscale sloppiness. Traditionally, the link between parametric
sensitivity and the conditioning of the parameter estimation problem is made
locally, through the Fisher Information Matrix. This is valid in the regime of
infinitesimal measurement uncertainty. We demonstrate the duality between
multiscale sloppiness and the geometry of confidence regions surrounding
parameter estimates made where measurement uncertainty is non-negligible.
Further theoretical relationships are provided linking multiscale sloppiness to
the Likelihood-ratio test. From this, we show that a local sensitivity analysis
(as typically done) is insufficient for determining the reliability of
parameter estimation, even with simple (non)linear systems. Our algorithm
provides a tractable alternative. We finally apply our methods to a
large-scale, benchmark Systems Biology model of NF-$\kappa$B, uncovering
previously unknown unidentifiabilities.

categories: physics.data-an math.DS math.ST q-bio.MN stat.TH


title: Online shopping key features analysis in Mures county

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to get an overview of the online buyer profile, and
also some key aspects in the way the online shopping is conducted. In this
project we conducted a quantitative research, consisting of a questionnaire
based survey. For data processing and interpretation we used SPSS statistical
software and Excel. For data analysis, we used the descriptive statistics
indicators, and a series of bi-varied analysis for testing some statistical
assumptions. Viewed at first with skepticism by the Internet users in Romania,
because of the many news about how dangerous the credit card payments are, the
online stores have gained much ground and trust in the recent years. Since the
study was conducted mainly in the online environment, we can not talk about the
representativeness of the sample, only about a trend observed in the studied
population. The study helps us understand the population reactions and
attitudes regarding the online shopping. The study revealed some important
issues regarding the online shopping in Mures county, issues that are described
in detail in the content of this paper.


title: Analysis and Design of Adaptive OCDMA Passive Optical Networks

abstract:
  OCDMA systems can support multiple classes of service by differentiating code
parameters, power level and diversity order. In this paper, we analyze BER
performance of a multi-class 1D/2D OCDMA system and propose a new approximation
method that can be used to generate accurate estimation of system BER using a
simple mathematical form. The proposed approximation provides insight into
proper system level analysis, system level design and sensitivity of system
performance to the factors such as code parameters, power level and diversity
order. Considering code design, code cardinality and system performance
constraints, two design problems are defined and their optimal solutions are
provided. We then propose an adaptive OCDMA-PON that adaptively shares unused
resources of inactive users among active ones to improve upstream system
performance. Using the approximated BER expression and defined design problems,
two adaptive code allocation algorithms for the adaptive OCDMA-PON are
presented and their performances are evaluated by simulation. Simulation
results show that the adaptive code allocation algorithms can increase average
transmission rate or decrease average optical power consumption of ONUs for
dynamic traffic patterns. According to the simulation results, for an adaptive
OCDMA-PON with BER value of 1e-7 and user activity probability of 0.5,
transmission rate (optical power consumption) can be increased (decreased) by a
factor of 2.25 (0.27) compared to fixed code assignment.


title:
Multitude of phases in correlated lattice fermion systems with
  spin-dependent disorder

abstract:
  The magnetic phases induced by the interplay between disorder acting only on
particles with a given spin projection ("spin-dependent disorder") and a local
repulsive interaction is explored. To this end the magnetic ground state phase
diagram of the Hubbard model at half-filling is computed within dynamical
mean-field theory combined with the geometric average over disorder, which is
able to describe Anderson localization. Five distinct phases are identified: a
ferromagnetically polarized metal, two types of insulators, and two types of
spin-selective localized phases. The latter four phases possess different
long-range order of the spins. The predicted phase diagram may be tested
experimentally using cold fermions in optical lattices subject to
spin-dependent random potentials.


title: Real line arrangements with Hirzebruch property

abstract:
  A line arrangement of $3n$ lines in $\mathbb CP^2$ satisfies Hirzebruch
property if each line intersect others in $n+1$ points. Hirzebruch asked if all
such arrangements are related to finite complex reflection groups. We give a
positive answer to this question in the case when the line arrangement in
$\mathbb CP^2$ is real, confirming that there exist exactly four such
arrangements.


title:
VLA and ALMA Imaging of Intense, Galaxy-Wide Star Formation in z ~ 2
  Galaxies

abstract:
  We present $\simeq$0$.\!\!^{\prime\prime}4$-resolution extinction-independent
distributions of star formation and dust in 11 star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at
$z = 1.3-3.0$. These galaxies are selected from sensitive, blank-field surveys
of the $2' \times 2'$ Hubble Ultra-Deep Field at $\lambda = 5$ cm and 1.3 mm
using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). They have star-formation rates (SFRs),
stellar masses, and dust properties representative of massive main-sequence
SFGs at $z \sim 2$. Morphological classification performed on
spatially-resolved stellar mass maps indicates a mixture of disk and
morphologically disturbed systems; half of the sample harbor X-ray active
galactic nuclei (AGN), thereby representing a diversity of $z \sim 2$ SFGs
undergoing vigorous mass assembly. We find that their intense star formation
most frequently occurs at the location of stellar-mass concentration and
extends over an area comparable to their stellar-mass distribution, with a
median diameter of $4.2 \pm 1.8$ kpc. This provides direct evidence for
galaxy-wide star formation in distant, blank-field-selected main-sequence SFGs.
The typical galactic-average SFR surface density is 2.5
M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$kpc$^{-2}$, sufficiently high to drive outflows. In
X-ray-selected AGN where radio emission is enhanced over the level associated
with star formation, the radio excess pinpoints the AGN, which are found to be
co-spatial with star formation. The median extinction-independent size of
main-sequence SFGs is two times larger than those of bright submillimeter
galaxies whose SFRs are $3-8$ times larger, providing a constraint on the
characteristic SFR ($\sim300$ M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$) above which a significant
population of more compact star-forming galaxies appears to emerge.


title:
Few-cycle pulse-driven excitation response of resonant medium with
  nonlinear field coupling

abstract:
  We demonstrate that the resonant medium with essentially nonlinear field
coupling can exhibit specific response when excited by the few-cycle optical
pulse. We provide an effective theoretical background that allows relating the
type of the field coupling function with the medium oscillators output on the
few-cycle pulse-driven excitation. Possible applications of such the optical
response are discussed for the controllable generation and shaping of the
unipolar video pulses.


title:
Review on Telemonitoring of Maternal Health care Targeting Medical
  Cyber-Physical Systems

abstract:
  We aim to review available literature related to the telemonitoring of
maternal health care for a comprehensive understanding of the roles of Medical
Cyber-Physical-Systems (MCPS) as cutting edge technology in maternal risk
factor management, and for understanding the possible research gap in the
domain. In this regard, we search literature through google scholar and PubMed
databases for published studies that focus on maternal telemonitoring systems
using sensors, Cyber-Physical-System (CPS) and information decision systems for
addressing risk factors We extract 1340 articles relevant to maternal health
care that addresses different risk factors as their managerial issues. Of a
large number of relevant articles, we included 26 prospective studies relating
to sensors or Medical Cyber-Physical-Systems (MCPS) based maternal
telemonitoring. Of the 1340 primary articles, we have short-listed 26 articles
(12 articles for risk factor analysis, 9 for synthesis matrices and 5 papers
for finding essential elements. We have extracted 17 vital symptoms as maternal
risk factors during pregnancy. Moreover, we have identified a number of
cyber-frameworks as the basis of information decision support system to cope
with the different maternal complexities. We have found the Medical
Cyber-Physical System (MCPS) as a promising technology to manage the vital risk
factors quickly and efficiently by the care provider from a distant place to
reduce the fatal risks. Despite communication issues, MCPS is a key-enabling
technology to cope with the advancement of telemonitoring paradigm in the
maternal health care system.


title: $b\to ss{\bar d} $ decay in Randall-Sundrum models

abstract:
  The extremely small branching ratio of $b\to ss{\bar d}$ decay in the
Standard Model makes it a suitable channel to explore new-physics signals. We
study this $\Delta S=2$ process in Randall-Sundrum models, including the
custodially protected and the bulk-Higgs Randall-Sundrum models. Exploring the
experimentally favored parameter spaces of these models, it suggests a possible
enhancement of the decay rate, compared to the Standard Model result, by at
most two orders of magnitude.


title: Background Fields and Gravity

abstract:
  Gravitational theories with fixed background fields break diffeomorphism
invariance. This breaking can be spontaneous or explicit. A brief summary of
the main consequences of these types of breaking is presented.


title: Network inference in the non-equilibrium steady state

abstract:
  Non-equilibrium systems lack an explicit characterisation of their steady
state like the Boltzmann distribution for equilibrium systems. This has drastic
consequences for the inference of parameters of a model when its dynamics lacks
detailed balance. Such non-equilibrium systems occur naturally in applications
like neural networks or gene regulatory networks. Here, we focus on the
paradigmatic asymmetric Ising model and show that we can learn its parameters
from independent samples of the non-equilibrium steady state. We present both
an exact inference algorithm and a computationally more efficient, approximate
algorithm for weak interactions based on a systematic expansion around
mean-field theory. Obtaining expressions for magnetisations, two- and
three-point spin correlations, we establish that these observables are
sufficient to infer the model parameters. Further, we discuss the symmetries
characterising the different orders of the expansion around the mean field and
show how different types of dynamics can be distinguished on the basis of
samples from the non-equilibrium steady state.


title: Joint Optical Flow and Temporally Consistent Semantic Segmentation

abstract:
  The importance and demands of visual scene understanding have been steadily
increasing along with the active development of autonomous systems.
Consequently, there has been a large amount of research dedicated to semantic
segmentation and dense motion estimation. In this paper, we propose a method
for jointly estimating optical flow and temporally consistent semantic
segmentation, which closely connects these two problem domains and leverages
each other. Semantic segmentation provides information on plausible physical
motion to its associated pixels, and accurate pixel-level temporal
correspondences enhance the accuracy of semantic segmentation in the temporal
domain. We demonstrate the benefits of our approach on the KITTI benchmark,
where we observe performance gains for flow and segmentation. We achieve
state-of-the-art optical flow results, and outperform all published algorithms
by a large margin on challenging, but crucial dynamic objects.


title: Tunable $\varphi$ Josephson Junction ratchet

abstract:
  We demonstrate experimentally the operation of a deterministic Josephson
ratchet with tunable asymmetry. The ratchet is based on a $\varphi$ Josephson
junction with a ferromagnetic barrier operating in the underdamped regime. The
system is probed also under the action of an additional dc current, which acts
as a counter force trying to stop the ratchet. Under these conditions the
ratchet works against the counter force, thus producing a non-zero output
power. Finally, we estimate the efficiency of the $\varphi$ Josephson junction
ratchet.


title: A Note on Cosilting Modules

abstract:
  The notion of cosilting module was recently introduced as a generalization of
the notion of cotilting module. In this paper, we give a characterization of
(partial) cosilting modules in terms of two-term cosilting complexes. Moreover,
we show that to every cosilting module could be associated a particular
t-structure in the derived module category.


title:
Spectrum-Convertible BVWXC Placement in OFDM-based Elastic Optical
  Networks

abstract:
  Spectrum conversion can improve the performance of OFDM-based Elastic Optical
Networks (EONs) by relaxing the continuity constraint and consequently reducing
connection request blocking probability during Routing and Spectrum Assignment
(RSA) process. We propose three different architectures for including spectrum
conversion capability in Bandwidth-Variable Wavelength Cross-Connects (BVWXCs).
To compare the capability of the introduced architectures, we develop an
analytical method for computing average connection request blocking probability
in a spectrum-convertible OFDM-based EON in which all, part or none of the
BVWXCs can convert the spectrum. An algorithm for distributing a limited number
of Spectrum-Convertible Bandwidth-Variable Wavelength Cross-Connects (SCBVWXCs)
in an OFDM-based EON is also proposed. Finally, we use simulation results to
evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method for calculating connection request
blocking probability and the capability of the introduced algorithm for SCBVWXC
placement.


title: Discovering, quantifying, and displaying attacks

abstract:
  In the design of software and cyber-physical systems, security is often
perceived as a qualitative need, but can only be attained quantitatively.
Especially when distributed components are involved, it is hard to predict and
confront all possible attacks. A main challenge in the development of complex
systems is therefore to discover attacks, quantify them to comprehend their
likelihood, and communicate them to non-experts for facilitating the decision
process. To address this three-sided challenge we propose a protection analysis
over the Quality Calculus that (i) computes all the sets of data required by an
attacker to reach a given location in a system, (ii) determines the cheapest
set of such attacks for a given notion of cost, and (iii) derives an attack
tree that displays the attacks graphically. The protection analysis is first
developed in a qualitative setting, and then extended to quantitative settings
following an approach applicable to a great many contexts. The quantitative
formulation is implemented as an optimisation problem encoded into
Satisfiability Modulo Theories, allowing us to deal with complex cost
structures. The usefulness of the framework is demonstrated on a national-scale
authentication system, studied through a Java implementation of the framework.


title:
Very fast transmissive spectrograph designs for highly multiplexed fiber
  spectroscopy

abstract:
  Very fast (f/1.2 and f/1.35) transmissive spectrograph designs are presented
for Hector and MSE. The designs have 61mm x 61mm detectors, 4 or 5 camera
lenses of aperture less than 228mm, with just 6 air/glass surfaces, and rely on
extreme aspheres for their imaging performance. The throughput is excellent,
because of the i-line glasses used, the small number of air/glass surfaces.


title:
Three-dimensional investigation of void growth leading to fracture in
  commercially pure titanium

abstract:
  The fracture process of commercially pure titanium was visualized in model
materials containing artificial holes. These model materials were fabricated
using a femtosecond laser coupled with a diffusion bonding technique to obtain
voids in the interior of titanium samples. Changes in void dimensions during
in-situ straining were recorded in three dimensions using x-ray computed
tomography. Void growth obtained experimentally was compared with the Rice and
Tracey model which predicted well the average void growth. A large scatter in
void growth data was explained by differences in grain orientation which was
confirmed by crystal plasticity simulations. It was also shown that grain
orientation has a stronger effect on void growth than intervoid spacing and
material strength. Intervoid spacing, however, appears to control whether the
intervoid ligament failure is ductile or brittle.


title:
Probing the physics and history of cosmic reionization with the
  Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect

abstract:
  We study here an alternative technique to probe the Dark Ages (DA) and the
Epoch of Reonization (EoR) that makes use of the Comptonization of the CMB
spectrum modified by physical effects occurring during this epoch related to
the emergence of the 21-cm radiation background. Inverse Compton scattering of
21-cm photon background by thermal and non-thermal electrons residing in the
atmospheres of cosmic structures like galaxy clusters, radiogalaxy lobes and
galaxy halos, produces a specific form of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) that
we refer to as SZE-21cm. We derive the SZE-21cm in a general relativistic
approach which is required to describe the correct spectral features of this
astrophysical effect. We calculate the spectral features of the thermal and
non-thermal SZE-21cm in galaxy clusters and in radiogalaxy lobes, and their
dependence on the history of physical mechanisms occurring during the DA and
EoR. We study how the spectral shape of the SZE-21cm can be used to establish
the global features in the mean 21-cm spectrum generated during and prior to
the EoR, and how it depends on the properties of the (thermal and non-thermal)
plasma in cosmic structures. We find that the thermal and non-thermal SZE-21cm
have peculiar spectral shapes that allow to investigate the physics and history
of the EoR and DA. Its spectrum depends on the gas temperature (for the thermal
SZE-21cm) and on the electrons minimum momentum (for the non-thermal SZE-21cm).
The global SZE-21cm signal can be detected (in $\sim 1000$ hrs) by SKA1-low in
the frequency range $\nu \simgt 75-90$ MHz, for clusters in the temperature
range 5 to 20 keV, and the difference between the SZE-21cm and the standard SZE
can be detected by SKA1 or SKA2 at frequencies depending on the background
model and the cluster temperature. [abridged]


title: The LBV HR Car has a partner: Discovery of a companion with the VLTI

abstract:
  Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs) are massive stars caught in a post-main
sequence phase, during which they are losing a significant amount of mass. As,
on one hand, it is thought that the majority of massive stars are close
binaries that will interact during their lifetime, and on the other, the most
dramatic example of an LBV, Eta Car, is a binary, it would be useful to find
other binary LBVs. We present here interferometric observations of the LBV HR
Car done with the AMBER and PIONIER instruments attached to ESO's Very Large
Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). Our observations, spanning two years, clearly
reveal that HR Car is a binary star. It is not yet possible to constrain fully
the orbit, and the orbital period may lie between a few years and several
hundred years. We derive a radius for the primary in the system and possibly
resolve as well the companion. The luminosity ratio in the H-band between the
two components is changing with time, going from about 6 to 9. We also
tentatively detect the presence of some background flux which remained at the
2% level until January 2016, but then increased to 6% in April 2016. Our AMBER
results show that the emission line forming region of Br gamma is more extended
than the continuum emitting region as seen by PIONIER and may indicate some
wind-wind interaction. Most importantly, we constrain the total masses of both
components, with the most likely range being 33.6 and 45 solar masses. Our
results show that the LBV HR Car is possibly an Eta Car analog binary system
with smaller masses, with variable components, and further monitoring of this
object is definitively called for.


title:
Orphan {\gamma}-ray flares from relativistic blobs encountering luminous
  stars

abstract:
  We propose that {\gamma} -rays in blazars can be produced during encounters
of relativistic blobs of plasma with radiation field produced by luminous stars
within (or close to) the jet. The blob is expected to contain relativistic
electrons which comptonize stellar radiation to the GeV-TeV energies. Produced
{\gamma} -rays can initiate the Inverse Compton e+/- pair cascade in the
stellar radiation. We propose that such a scenario can be responsible for the
appearance of the so-called orphan {\gamma} -ray flares. We show that the
relativistic blob/luminous star collision model can explain the appearance of
the extreme orphan {\gamma} -ray flare observed in the GeV and sub-TeV energy
range from the flat spectrum radio quasar PKS 1222+21.


title:
Nonlinear $\arcsin$-electrodynamics and asymptotic Reissner-Nordstr\"om
  black holes

abstract:
  A model of nonlinear electrodynamics with the Lagrangian density ${\cal L} =
-(1/\beta)\arcsin(\beta F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}/4)$ is proposed. The scale
invariance and the dual invariance of electromagnetic fields are broken in the
model. In the limit $\beta\rightarrow 0$ one comes to Maxwell's electrodynamics
and the scale and dual invariances are recovered. We investigate the effect of
coupling electromagnetic fields with the gravitational field. The asymptotic
black hole solution is found which is similar to the Reissner-Nordstr\"om
solution. We obtain corrections to Coulomb's law and to the
Reissner-Nordstr\"om solution in the model proposed. The existence of the
regular asymptotic at $r\rightarrow 0$ was demonstrated. The mass of the black
hole is calculated possessing the electromagnetic origin. It was shown that
there are not superluminal fluctuations and principles of causality and
unitarity take place.


title:
Leveraging the Potential of Control-Flow Error Resilient Techniques in
  Multithreaded Programs

abstract:
  This paper presents a software-based technique to recover control-flow errors
in multithreaded programs. Control-flow error recovery is achieved through
inserting additional instructions into multithreaded program at compile time
regarding to two dependency graphs. These graphs are extracted to model
control-flow and data dependencies among basic blocks and thread interactions
between different threads of a program. In order to evaluate the proposed
technique, three multithreaded benchmarks quick sort, matrix multiplication and
linked list utilized to run on a multi-core processor, and a total of 5000
transient faults has been injected into several executable points of each
program. The results show that this technique detects and corrects between
91.9% and 93.8% of the injected faults with acceptable performance and memory
overheads.


title: Half-Lie groups

abstract:
  In this paper we study the Lie theoretic properties of a class of topological
groups which carry a Banach manifold structure but whose multiplication is not
smooth. If $G$ and $N$ are Banach-Lie groups and $\pi : G \to \mathrm{Aut}(N)$
is a homomorphism defining a continuous action of $G$ on $N$, then $H := N
\rtimes_\pi G$ is a Banach manifold with a topological group structure for
which the left multiplication maps are smooth, but the right multiplication
maps need not to be. We show that these groups share surprisingly many
properties with Banach-Lie groups: (a) for every regulated function $\xi :
[0,1] \to T_1H$ the initial value problem $\dot\gamma(t) = \gamma(t)\xi(t)$,
$\gamma(0)= 1_H$, has a solution and the corresponding evolution map from
curves in $T_1H$ to curves in $H$ is continuous; (b) every $C^1$-curve $\gamma$
with $\gamma(0) = 1$ and $\gamma'(0) = x$ satisfies $\lim_{n \to \infty}
\gamma(t/n)^n = \exp(tx)$; (c) the Trotter formula holds for $C^1$
one-parameter groups in $H$; (d) the subgroup $N^\infty$ of elements with
smooth $G$-orbit maps in $N$ carries a natural Fr\'echet-Lie group structure
for which the $G$-action is smooth; (e) the resulting Fr\'echet-Lie group
$H^\infty := N^\infty \rtimes G$ is also regular in the sense of (a).


title: Iwasawa Main Conjecture for Non-Ordinary Modular Forms

abstract:
  Let $p>2$ be a prime. Under mild assumptions, we prove the Iwasawa main
conjecture of Kato, for modular forms with general weight and conductor prime
to $p$.


title:
A Model of Pathways to Artificial Superintelligence Catastrophe for Risk
  and Decision Analysis

abstract:
  An artificial superintelligence (ASI) is artificial intelligence that is
significantly more intelligent than humans in all respects. While ASI does not
currently exist, some scholars propose that it could be created sometime in the
future, and furthermore that its creation could cause a severe global
catastrophe, possibly even resulting in human extinction. Given the high
stakes, it is important to analyze ASI risk and factor the risk into decisions
related to ASI research and development. This paper presents a graphical model
of major pathways to ASI catastrophe, focusing on ASI created via recursive
self-improvement. The model uses the established risk and decision analysis
modeling paradigms of fault trees and influence diagrams in order to depict
combinations of events and conditions that could lead to AI catastrophe, as
well as intervention options that could decrease risks. The events and
conditions include select aspects of the ASI itself as well as the human
process of ASI research, development, and management. Model structure is
derived from published literature on ASI risk. The model offers a foundation
for rigorous quantitative evaluation and decision making on the long-term risk
of ASI catastrophe.


title:
The origin of bias independent conductance plateaus and zero bias
  conductance peaks in Bi2Se3/NbSe2 hybrid structures

abstract:
  Superconducting proximity effect (SPE) in topological insulator (TI) and
superconductor (SC) hybrid structure has attracted intense attention in recent
years in an effort to search for mysterious Majorana fermions (MFs) in
condensed matter systems. Here we report on the SPE in a Bi2Se3/NbSe2 junction
fabricated with an all-dry transfer method. Resulting from the highly
transparent interface, two sharp resistance drops are observed at 7 K and 2 K,
respectively, corresponding to the superconducting transition of NbSe2 flake
and the SPE induced superconductivity in Bi2Se3 flake. Experimentally measured
differential conductance spectra exhibit a bias-independent conductance plateau
(BICP) in the vicinity of zero bias below 7 K. As temperatures further decrease
a zero bias conductance peak (ZBCP) emerges from the plateau and becomes more
enhanced and sharpened at lower temperatures. Our numerically simulated
differential conductance spectra reproduce the observed BICP and ZBCP and show
that the SPE in topological surface states (TSS) is much stronger than that in
the bulk states of Bi2Se3. The SPE induced superconducting gap for the TSS of
Bi2Se3 is comparable to that of NbSe2 and gives rise to the observed BICP below
7 K. In contrast, the SPE induced superconducting gap for the bulk states of
Bi2Se3 is an order of magnitude smaller than that of NbSe2 and superconducting
TSS. These weakly paired bulk states in Bi2Se3 give rise to the ZBCP below 2 K.
Our study has clearly unveiled the different roles of TSS and bulk stats in
SPE, clarified the physical origin of the SPE induced features, and shined
light on further investigation of SPE and MF in TI/SC hybrid structures.


title:
Hubble Space Telescope Constraints on the Winds and Astrospheres of Red
  Giant Stars

abstract:
  We report on an ultraviolet spectroscopic survey of red giants observed by
the Hubble Space Telescope, focusing on spectra of the Mg II h & k lines near
2800 A in order to study stellar chromospheric emission, winds, and
astrospheric absorption. We focus on spectral types between K2 III and M5 III,
a spectral type range with stars that are noncoronal, but possessing strong,
chromospheric winds. We find a very tight relation between Mg II surface flux
and photospheric temperature, supporting the notion that all K2-M5 III stars
are emitting at a basal flux level. Wind velocities (V_w) are generally found
to decrease with spectral type, with V_w decreasing from ~40 km/s at K2 III to
~20 km/s at M5 III. We find two new detections of astrospheric absorption, for
Sigma Pup (K5 III) and Gamma Eri (M1 III). This absorption signature had
previously only been detected for Alpha Tau (K5 III). For the three
astrospheric detections the temperature of the wind after the termination shock
correlates with V_w, but is lower than predicted by the Rankine-Hugoniot shock
jump conditions, consistent with the idea that red giant termination shocks are
radiative shocks rather than simple hydrodynamic shocks. A full hydrodynamic
simulation of the Gamma Eri astrosphere is provided to explore this further.


title: Effective one-band approach for the spin splittings in quantum wells

abstract:
  The spin-orbit interaction of 2D electrons in the quantum wells grown from
the III-V semiconductors consists of the two parts with different symmetry: the
Bychkov-Rashba and the Dresselhaus terms. The last term is usually attributed
to the bulk spin-orbit Hamiltonian which reflects the Td symmetry of the
zincblende lattice. While it is known that the quantum well interfaces may also
contribute to the Dresselhaus term, the exact structure and the relative
importance of the interface and the bulk contributions are not well understood
yet. To compare the bulk contribution with the interface one, we perform
tight-binding calculations of the spin splittings of the electron levels in
[100] GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells and analyze the obtained spin splittings within
the one-band effective mass electron Hamiltonian containing the two interface
contributions to the Dresselhaus term. We show that the dependencies of the
spin splittings on the quantum well width and the electric field along the
growth direction are perfectly reproduced by the analytical one-band
calculations and the magnitude of the interface contribution to the spin-orbit
interaction for sufficiently narrow quantum wells is of the same order as the
contribution from the bulk Dresselhaus Hamiltonian.


title: On groups and simplicial complexes

abstract:
  The theory of $k$-regular graphs is closely related to group theory. Every
$k$-regular, bipartite graph is a Schreier graph with respect to some group
$G$, a set of generators $S$ (depending only on $k$) and a subgroup $H$. The
goal of this paper is to begin to develop such a framework for $k$-regular
simplicial complexes of general dimension $d$. Our approach does not directly
generalize the concept of a Schreier graph, but still presents an extensive
family of $k$-regular simplicial complexes as quotients of one universal
object: the $k$-regular $d$-dimensional arboreal complex, which is itself a
simplicial complex originating in one specific group depending only on $d$ and
$k$. Along the way we answer a question from [PR12] on the spectral gap of
higher dimensional Laplacians and prove a high dimensional analogue of
Leighton's graph covering theorem. This approach also suggests a random model
for $k$-regular $d$-dimensional multicomplexes.


title:
A deep campaign to characterize the synchronous radio/X-ray mode
  switching of PSR B0943+10

abstract:
  We report on simultaneous X-ray and radio observations of the mode-switching
pulsar PSR B0943+10 obtained with the XMM-Newton satellite and the LOFAR, LWA
and Arecibo radio telescopes in November 2014. We confirm the synchronous
X-ray/radio switching between a radio-bright (B) and a radio-quiet (Q) mode, in
which the X-ray flux is a factor ~2.4 higher than in the B-mode. We discovered
X-ray pulsations, with pulsed fraction of 38+/-5% (0.5-2 keV), during the
B-mode, and confirm their presence in Q-mode, where the pulsed fraction
increases with energy from ~20% up to ~65% at 2 keV. We found marginal evidence
for an increase in the X-ray pulsed fraction during B-mode on a timescale of
hours. The Q-mode X-ray spectrum requires a fit with a two-component model
(either a power-law plus blackbody or the sum of two blackbodies), while the
B-mode spectrum is well fit by a single blackbody (a single power-law is
rejected). With a maximum likelihood analysis, we found that in Q-mode the
pulsed emission has a thermal blackbody spectrum with temperature ~3.4x10^6 K
and the unpulsed emission is a power-law with photon index ~2.5, while during
B-mode both the pulsed and unpulsed emission can be fit by either a blackbody
or a power law with similar values of temperature and photon index. A Chandra
image shows no evidence for diffuse X-ray emission. These results support a
scenario in which both unpulsed non-thermal emission, likely of magnetospheric
origin, and pulsed thermal emission from a small polar cap (~1500 m^2) with a
strong non-dipolar magnetic field (~10^{14} G), are present during both radio
modes and vary in intensity in a correlated way. This is broadly consistent
with the predictions of the partially screened gap model and does not
necessarily imply global magnetospheric rearrangements to explain the mode
switching.