title:
A systematic study of effects of stellar rotation, age spread and
  binaries on color-magnitude diagrams with extended main-sequence turn-offs

abstract:
  Stellar rotation, age spread and binary stars are thought to be three most
possible causes of the peculiar color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of some star
clusters, which exhibit extended main-sequence turn-offs (eMSTOs). It is far
from getting a clear answer. This paper studies the effects of three above
causes on the CMDs of star clusters systematically. A rapid stellar
evolutionary code and a recently published database of rotational effects of
single stars have been used, via an advanced stellar population synthesis
technique. As a result, we find a consistent result for rotation to recent
works, which suggests that rotation is able to explain, at least partially, the
eMSTOs of clusters, if clusters are not too old ($<$ 2.0\,Gyr). In addition, an
age spread of 200 to 500\,Myr reproduces extended turn-offs for all clusters
younger than 2.5\,Gyr, in particular, for those younger than 2.2\,Gyr. Age
spread also results in extended red clumps (eRCs) for clusters younger than
0.5\,Gyr. The younger the clusters, the clearer the eRC structures. Moreover,
it is shown that binaries (including interactive binaries) affect the spread of
MSTO slightly for old clusters, but they can contribute to the eMSTOs of
clusters younger than 0.5\,Gyr. Our result suggests a possible way to
disentangle the roles of stellar rotation and age spread, i.e., checking the
existence of CMDs with both eMSTO and eRC in clusters younger than 0.5\,Gyr.


title:
Closed-form Approximations for Coverage and Rate in a Multi-tier
  Heterogeneous Network in Nakagami-m Fading

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider the downlink in a K-tier heterogeneous network in
the presence of Nakagami-m fading and noise. For such a system, we derive
closed-form approximations of coverage probability and average rate achievable.
A piece-wise linear approximation is employed in obtaining the simplified
expressions. The proposed results are verified numerically through simulations.
A comparison with existing work shows that the proposed work is a good
approximation.


title:
Comment on the paper "Quasi-particle approach for lattice Hamiltonians
  with large coordination numbers" by P. Navez, F. Queisser and R. Sch\"utzhold
  - J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 47 225004 (2014)

abstract:
  This comment regards a central aspect of the referred-to paper, the issue of
convergence of the large coordination-number expansion. Perturbation expansions
of expressions containing a large number of parameters are generally invalid
due to the non-analyticity of the expanded expressions. I refer to recent work
where these issues are analyzed and discussed in detail in relation to a
benchmark example of a cluster model. As discussed therein, methods which are
uncontrollable and for which their convergence is not foreseeable are not only
useless but can mislead, particularly if models derived from them are used to
interpret experiments.


title:
Possible superconducting fluctuation and pseudogap state above $T_c$ in
  CsFe$_2$As$_2$

abstract:
  Resistive, magnetization, torque, specific heat and scanning tunneling
microscopy measurements are carried out on the hole heavily doped
CsFe$_2$As$_2$ single crystals. A characteristic temperature $T^*\sim13$ K,
which is several times higher than the superconducting transition temperature
$T_c=2.15$ K, is observed and possibly related to the superconducting
fluctuation or the pseudogap state. A diamagnetic signal detected by torque
measurements starts from the superconducting state, keeps finite and vanishes
gradually until a temperature near $T^*$. Temperature dependent resistivity and
specific heat also show kinks near $T^*$. An asymmetric gap-like feature with
the energy of 8.4 meV and a symmetric superconducting related gap of 2.2 meV on
the scanning tunneling spectra are detected, and these pseudogap-related
features disappear at temperatures up to at least 9 K. These observations by
different experimental tools suggest the possible existence of superconducting
fluctuation or pseudogap state in the temperature range up to 4 - 6 times of
$T_c$ in CsFe$_2$As$_2$.


title:
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Data Augmentation for Acoustic
  Event Detection

abstract:
  We propose a novel method for Acoustic Event Detection (AED). In contrast to
speech, sounds coming from acoustic events may be produced by a wide variety of
sources. Furthermore, distinguishing them often requires analyzing an extended
time period due to the lack of a clear sub-word unit. In order to incorporate
the long-time frequency structure for AED, we introduce a convolutional neural
network (CNN) with a large input field. In contrast to previous works, this
enables to train audio event detection end-to-end. Our architecture is inspired
by the success of VGGNet and uses small, 3x3 convolutions, but more depth than
previous methods in AED. In order to prevent over-fitting and to take full
advantage of the modeling capabilities of our network, we further propose a
novel data augmentation method to introduce data variation. Experimental
results show that our CNN significantly outperforms state of the art methods
including Bag of Audio Words (BoAW) and classical CNNs, achieving a 16%
absolute improvement.


title:
Excitation of spin wave modes of a magnetic dot existing in a shifted
  vortex-state by an out-of-plane oscillating magnetic field

abstract:
  Excitation of spin wave modes of a vortex-state magnetic dot by an
out-of-plane oscillating magnetic field is studied numerically in the presence
of a static in-plane magnetic field. It is shown, that the application of the
in-plane static field shifts the position of the vortex core and leads to the
separate excitation of different azimuthal dipolar spin waves my perpendicular
oscillating field. It is also shown that the excited dipolar azimuthal spin
waves excite the gyrotropic mode of the vortex core rotation and, depending on
the excitation frequency, cause a significant modification (increase or
decrease) of the apparent dissipation rate of the gyrotropic mode. The last
effect can be explained by the nonlinear parametric interaction between the
gyrotropic mode and the dipolar spin wave modes with different azimuthal
indices.


title: On $S$-matrix, and fusion rules for irreducible $V^G$-modules

abstract:
  Let $V$ be a simple vertex operator algebra, and $G$ a finite automorphism
group of $V$ such that $V^G$ is regular. The definition of entries in
$S$-matrix on $V^G$ is discussed, and then is extended. The set of
$V^G$-modules can be considered as a unitary space. In this paper, we obtain
some connections between $V$-modules and $V^G$-modules over that unitary space.
As an application, we determine the fusion rules for irreducible $V^G$-modules
which occur as submodules of irreducible $V$-modules by the fusion rules for
irreducible $V$-modules and by the structure of $G$.


title: Extreme-scale Multigrid Components within PETSc

abstract:
  Elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) frequently arise in continuum
descriptions of physical processes relevant to science and engineering.
Multilevel preconditioners represent a family of scalable techniques for
solving discrete PDEs of this type and thus are the method of choice for
high-resolution simulations. The scalability and time-to-solution of massively
parallel multilevel preconditioners can be adversely effected by using a
coarse-level solver with sub-optimal algorithmic complexity. To maintain
scalability, agglomeration techniques applied to the coarse level have been
shown to be necessary.
  In this work, we present a new software component introduced within the
Portable Extensible Toolkit for Scientific computation (PETSc) which permits
agglomeration. We provide an overview of the design and implementation of this
functionality, together with several use cases highlighting the benefits of
agglomeration. Lastly, we demonstrate via numerical experiments employing
geometric multigrid with structured meshes, the flexibility and performance
gains possible using our MPI-rank agglomeration implementation.


title: Lie groups in quasi-Poisson geometry and braided Hopf algebras

abstract:
  We extend the notion of Poisson-Lie groups and Lie bialgebras from Poisson to
g-quasi-Poisson geometry and provide a quantization to braided Hopf algebras in
the corresponding Drinfeld category. The basic examples of these
g-quasi-Poisson Lie groups are nilpotent radicals of parabolic subgroups. We
also provide examples of moment maps in this new context coming from moduli
spaces of flat connections on surfaces.


title: Increased coherence time in narrowed bath states in quantum dots

abstract:
  We study the influence of narrowed distributions of the nuclear Overhauser
field on the decoherence of a central electron spin in quantum dots. We
describe the spin dynamics in quantum dots by the central spin model. We use
analytic solutions for uniform couplings and the time dependent density-matrix
renormalization group (tDMRG) for nonuniform couplings. With these tools we
calculate the dynamics of the central spin for large baths of nuclear spins
with or without external magnetic field applied to the central spin. The focus
of our study is the influence of initial mixtures with narrowed distributions
of the Overhauser field and of applied magnetic fields on the decoherence of
the central spin.


title: Information Cascades on Arbitrary Topologies

abstract:
  In this paper, we study information cascades on graphs. In this setting, each
node in the graph represents a person. One after another, each person has to
take a decision based on a private signal as well as the decisions made by
earlier neighboring nodes. Such information cascades commonly occur in practice
and have been studied in complete graphs where everyone can overhear the
decisions of every other player. It is known that information cascades can be
fragile and based on very little information, and that they have a high
likelihood of being wrong.
  Generalizing the problem to arbitrary graphs reveals interesting insights. In
particular, we show that in a random graph $G(n,q)$, for the right value of
$q$, the number of nodes making a wrong decision is logarithmic in $n$. That
is, in the limit for large $n$, the fraction of players that make a wrong
decision tends to zero. This is intriguing because it contrasts to the two
natural corner cases: empty graph (everyone decides independently based on his
private signal) and complete graph (all decisions are heard by all nodes). In
both of these cases a constant fraction of nodes make a wrong decision in
expectation. Thus, our result shows that while both too little and too much
information sharing causes nodes to take wrong decisions, for exactly the right
amount of information sharing, asymptotically everyone can be right. We further
show that this result in random graphs is asymptotically optimal for any
topology, even if nodes follow a globally optimal algorithmic strategy. Based
on the analysis of random graphs, we explore how topology impacts global
performance and construct an optimal deterministic topology among layer graphs.


title: Giant intrinsic spin Hall effect in the TaAs family of Weyl semimetals

abstract:
  Since their discovery, topological insulators have been expected to be ideal
spintronic materials owing to the spin currents carried by surface states with
spin--momentum locking. However, the bulk doping problem remains an obstacle
that hinders such application. In this work, we predict that a newly discovered
family of topological materials, the Weyl semimetals, exhibits large intrinsic
spin Hall effects that can be utilized to generate and detect spin currents.
Our $ab~initio$ calculations reveal a large spin Hall conductivity that is
comparable to that of $4d$ and $5d$ transition metals. The spin Hall effect
originates intrinsically from the bulk band structure of Weyl semimetals, which
exhibit a large Berry curvature and spin--orbit coupling, so the bulk carrier
problem in the topological insulators is naturally avoided. Our work not only
paves the way for employing Weyl semimetals in spintronics, but also proposes a
new guideline for searching for the spin Hall effect in various topological
materials.


title: Latent heat induced rotation limited aggregation in 2D ice nanocrystals

abstract:
  The basic science responsible for the fascinating shapes of ice crystals and
snowflakes is still not understood. Insufficient knowledge of the interaction
potentials and the lack of relevant experimental access to the growth process
are to blame for this failure. Here, we study the growth of fractal
nanostructures in a two-dimensional (2D) system, intercalated between mica and
graphene. Based on our Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS) data we provide
compelling evidence that these fractals are 2D ice. They grow while they are in
material contact with the atmosphere at 20 $^{\circ}$C and without significant
thermal contact to the ambient. The growth is studied in-situ, in real time and
space at the nanoscale. We find that the growing 2D ice nanocrystals assume a
fractal shape, which is conventionally attributed to Diffusion Limited
Aggregation (DLA). However, DLA requires a low mass density mother phase, in
contrast to the actual currently present high mass density mother phase. Latent
heat effects and consequent transport of heat and molecules are found to be key
ingredients for understanding the evolution of the snow (ice) flakes. We
conclude that not the local availability of water molecules (DLA), but rather
them having the locally required orientation is the key factor for
incorporation into the 2D ice nanocrystal. In combination with the transport of
latent heat we attribute the evolution of fractal 2D ice nanocrystals to local
temperature dependent Rotation Limited Aggregation (RLA). The ice growth occurs
under extreme supersaturation, i.e. the conditions closely resemble the natural
ones for the growth of complex 2D snow (ice) flakes and we consider our
findings crucial for solving the 'perennial' snow (ice) flake enigma.


title:
Termination Analysis of Probabilistic Programs through
  Positivstellensatz's

abstract:
  We consider nondeterministic probabilistic programs with the most basic
liveness property of termination. We present efficient methods for termination
analysis of nondeterministic probabilistic programs with polynomial guards and
assignments. Our approach is through synthesis of polynomial ranking
supermartingales, that on one hand significantly generalizes linear ranking
supermartingales and on the other hand is a counterpart of polynomial
ranking-functions for proving termination of nonprobabilistic programs. The
approach synthesizes polynomial ranking-supermartingales through
Positivstellensatz's, yielding an efficient method which is not only sound, but
also semi-complete over a large subclass of programs. We show experimental
results to demonstrate that our approach can handle several classical programs
with complex polynomial guards and assignments, and can synthesize efficient
quadratic ranking-supermartingales when a linear one does not exist even for
simple affine programs.


title: Wide Field CO Mapping in the Region of IRAS 19312+1950

abstract:
  We report the results of a wide field CO mapping in the region of IRAS
19312+1950. This IRAS object exhibits SiO/H$_2$O/OH maser emission, and is
embedded in a chemically-rich molecular component, of which the origin is still
unknown. In order to reveal the entire structure and gas mass of the
surrounding molecular component for the first time, we have mapped a wide
region around IRAS 19312+1950 in the $^{12}$CO $J=1-0$, $^{13}$CO $J=1-0$ and
C$^{18}$O $J=1-0$ lines using the Nobeyama 45m telescope. In conjunction with
the archival CO maps, we investigated a region with a size up to $20' \times
20'$ around this IRAS object. We calculated CO gas mass assuming the LTE
condition, a stellar velocity against to the interstellar medium assuming an
analytic model of a bow shock, and absolute luminosity using the latest
archival data and trigonometric parallax distance. The derived gas-mass (225
M$_{\odot}$ $-$ 478 M$_{\odot}$) of the molecular component and the relatively
large luminosity ($2.63\times10^{4}$ L$_{\odot}$) suggest that the central
SiO/H$_2$O/OH maser source seems to be a red supergiant (RSG) rather than an
asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star or post-AGB star.


title:
Stability analysis for bad cavity lasers using inhomogeneously broadened
  spin-1/2 atoms as gain medium

abstract:
  Bad cavity lasers are experiencing renewed interest in the context of active
optical frequency standards, due to their enhanced robustness against
fluctuations of the laser cavity. The gain medium would consist of
narrow-linewidth atoms, either trapped inside the cavity or intersecting the
cavity mode dynamically. A series of effects like the atoms finite velocity
distribution, atomic interactions, or interactions of realistic multilevel
atoms with auxiliary or stray fields can lead to an inhomogeneous broadening of
the atomic gain profile. This causes the emergence of instable regimes of laser
operation, characterized by complex temporal patterns of the field amplitude.
We study the steady-state solutions and their stability for the
metrology-relevant case of a bad cavity laser with spin-1/2 atoms, such as
Yb-171, interacting with an external magnetic field. For the stability
analysis, we present a new and efficient method, that can be applied to a broad
class of single-mode bad cavity lasers with inhomogeneously broadened
multilevel atoms acting as gain medium.


title: Solutions of Kapustin-Witten equations for ADE-type groups

abstract:
  Kapustin-Witten (KW) equations are encountered in the localization of the
topological N=4 SYM theory. Mikhaylov has constructed model solutions of KW
equations for the boundary 't~Hooft operators on a half space. Direct proof of
the solutions boils down to check a boundary condition. There are two
computational difficulties in explicitly constructing the solutions to Lie
algebra of higher rank. The first one is related to the commutation of
generators of Lie algebra. We derived an identity which effectively reduces
this computational difficulty. The second one involves the number of ways from
the highest weights to other weights in the fundamental representation. For
ADE-type gauge groups, we found an amazing formula which can be used to rewrite
the solutions of KW equations. This new formula of solutions bypass above two
computational difficulties.


title:
On the Applicability of the Geodesic Deviation Equation in General
  Relativity

abstract:
  Within the theory of General Relativity, we study the solution and range of
applicability of the standard geodesic deviation equation in highly symmetric
spacetimes. In the Schwarzschild spacetime, the solution is used to model
satellite orbit constellations and their deviations around a spherically
symmetric Earth model. We investigate the spatial shape and orbital elements of
perturbations of circular reference curves. In particular, we reconsider the
deviation equation in Newtonian gravity and then determine relativistic effects
within the theory of General Relativity by comparison. The deviation of nearby
satellite orbits, as constructed from exact solutions of the underlying
geodesic equation, is compared to the solution of the geodesic deviation
equation to assess the accuracy of the latter. Furthermore, we comment on the
so-called Shirokov effect in the Schwarzschild spacetime and limitations of the
first order deviation approach.


title: Nonlinear parabolic SPDEs involving Dirichlet operators

abstract:
  We study the problem of existence, uniqueness and regularity of probabilistic
solutions of the Cauchy problem for nonlinear stochastic partial differential
equations involving operators corresponding to regular (nonsymmetric) Dirichlet
forms. In proofs we combine the methods of backward doubly stochastic
differential equations with those of probabilistic potential theory and
Dirichlet forms.


title: Access to Photon Fragmentation Functions in Hadronic Jet Production

abstract:
  We argue that the process $pp \to (\text{jet} \gamma)X$, for which a photon
is observed inside a fully reconstructed jet and is treated as part of the jet,
offers new probes of the so far little known fragmentation functions for
photons. We present a next-to-leading-order QCD calculation of the cross
section for this process in the limit that the jet is relatively narrow. We
also investigate the background resulting from the two-photon decay of neutral
pions. We present numerical results relevant for possible measurements at the
LHC and at RHIC. These suggest that $pp \to (\text{jet} \gamma)X$ should
provide clean access to the photon fragmentation functions, provided an
efficient suppression of the background is available in experiment.


title:
Protein Secondary Structure Prediction Using Cascaded Convolutional and
  Recurrent Neural Networks

abstract:
  Protein secondary structure prediction is an important problem in
bioinformatics. Inspired by the recent successes of deep neural networks, in
this paper, we propose an end-to-end deep network that predicts protein
secondary structures from integrated local and global contextual features. Our
deep architecture leverages convolutional neural networks with different kernel
sizes to extract multiscale local contextual features. In addition, considering
long-range dependencies existing in amino acid sequences, we set up a
bidirectional neural network consisting of gated recurrent unit to capture
global contextual features. Furthermore, multi-task learning is utilized to
predict secondary structure labels and amino-acid solvent accessibility
simultaneously. Our proposed deep network demonstrates its effectiveness by
achieving state-of-the-art performance, i.e., 69.7% Q8 accuracy on the public
benchmark CB513, 76.9% Q8 accuracy on CASP10 and 73.1% Q8 accuracy on CASP11.
Our model and results are publicly available.


title: On the Use of Penalty MCMC for Differential Privacy

abstract:
  We view the penalty algorithm of Ceperley and Dewing (1999), a Markov chain
Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm for Bayesian inference, in the context of data
privacy. Specifically, we study differential privacy of the penalty algorithm
and advocate its use for data privacy. We show that in the simple model of
independent observations the algorithm has desirable convergence and privacy
properties that scale with data size. Two special cases are also investigated
and privacy preserving schemes are proposed for those cases: (i) Data are
distributed among several data owners who are interested in the inference of a
common parameter while preserving their data privacy. (ii) The data likelihood
belongs to an exponential family.


title: Weighted Spectral Cluster Ensemble

abstract:
  Clustering explores meaningful patterns in the non-labeled data sets. Cluster
Ensemble Selection (CES) is a new approach, which can combine individual
clustering results for increasing the performance of the final results.
Although CES can achieve better final results in comparison with individual
clustering algorithms and cluster ensemble methods, its performance can be
dramatically affected by its consensus diversity metric and thresholding
procedure. There are two problems in CES: 1) most of the diversity metrics is
based on heuristic Shannon's entropy and 2) estimating threshold values are
really hard in practice. The main goal of this paper is proposing a robust
approach for solving the above mentioned problems. Accordingly, this paper
develops a novel framework for clustering problems, which is called Weighted
Spectral Cluster Ensemble (WSCE), by exploiting some concepts from community
detection arena and graph based clustering. Under this framework, a new version
of spectral clustering, which is called Two Kernels Spectral Clustering, is
used for generating graphs based individual clustering results. Further, by
using modularity, which is a famous metric in the community detection, on the
transformed graph representation of individual clustering results, our approach
provides an effective diversity estimation for individual clustering results.
Moreover, this paper introduces a new approach for combining the evaluated
individual clustering results without the procedure of thresholding.
Experimental study on varied data sets demonstrates that the prosed approach
achieves superior performance to state-of-the-art methods.


title: Modeling and Efficient Verification of Wireless Ad hoc Networks

abstract:
  Wireless ad hoc networks, in particular mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), are
growing very fast as they make communication easier and more available.
However, their protocols tend to be difficult to design due to topology
dependent behavior of wireless communication, and their distributed and
adaptive operations to topology dynamism. Therefore, it is desirable to have
them modeled and verified using formal methods. In this paper, we present an
actor-based modeling language with the aim to model MANETs. We address main
challenges of modeling wireless ad hoc networks such as local broadcast,
underlying topology, and its changes, and discuss how they can be efficiently
modeled at the semantic level to make their verification amenable. The new
framework abstracts the data link layer services by providing asynchronous
(local) broadcast and unicast communication, while message delivery is in order
and is guaranteed for connected receivers. We illustrate the applicability of
our framework through two routing protocols, namely flooding and AODVv2-11, and
show how efficiently their state spaces can be reduced by the proposed
techniques. Furthermore, we demonstrate a loop formation scenario in AODV,
found by our analysis tool.


title: Observing and Recommending from a Social Web with Biases

abstract:
  The research question this report addresses is: how, and to what extent,
those directly involved with the design, development and employment of a
specific black box algorithm can be certain that it is not unlawfully
discriminating (directly and/or indirectly) against particular persons with
protected characteristics (e.g. gender, race and ethnicity)?


title: Modular Models for Intuitionistic Justification Logic

abstract:
  We present the logic iJT4, which is an explicit version of intuitionistic S4
and establish soundness and completeness with respect to modular models.


title: Leveraging Multiple Channels in Ad Hoc Networks

abstract:
  We examine the utility of multiple channels of communication in wireless
networks under the SINR model of interference. The central question is whether
the use of multiple channels can result in linear speedup, up to some
fundamental limit. We answer this question affirmatively for the data
aggregation problem, perhaps the most fundamental problem in sensor networks.
To achieve this, we form a hierarchical structure of independent interest, and
illustrate its versatility by obtaining a new algorithm with linear speedup for
the node coloring problem.


title:
AGM-Style Revision of Beliefs and Intentions from a Database Perspective
  (Preliminary Version)

abstract:
  We introduce a logic for temporal beliefs and intentions based on Shoham's
database perspective. We separate strong beliefs from weak beliefs. Strong
beliefs are independent from intentions, while weak beliefs are obtained by
adding intentions to strong beliefs and everything that follows from that. We
formalize coherence conditions on strong beliefs and intentions. We provide
AGM-style postulates for the revision of strong beliefs and intentions. We show
in a representation theorem that a revision operator satisfying our postulates
can be represented by a pre-order on interpretations of the beliefs, together
with a selection function for the intentions.


title: Theory Advances in BSM Physics

abstract:
  Rather than attempting to summarise the full spectrum of recent advances in
Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) theory, which are many, in this talk I will
instead take the opportunity to focus on two frameworks related to the
hierarchy problem currently receiving significant attention. They are the `Twin
Higgs' and the `Relaxion'. I will summarise the basic underlying structure of
these theories at a non-expert level and highlight some interesting
phenomenological signatures or outstanding problems.


title:
Fully quantum non-adiabatic dynamics in electronic-nuclear coherent
  state basis

abstract:
  Direct dynamics methods using Gaussian wavepackets have to rely only on local
properties, such as gradients and hessians at the center of the wavepacket, so
as to be compatible with the usual quantum chemistry methods. Matrix elements
of the potential energy surfaces between wavepackets therefore usually have to
be approximated.
  It is shown, that if a modified form of valence bond theory is used instead
of the usual MO-based theories, the matrix elements can be obtained exactly.
This is so because the molecular Hamiltonian only contains the Coulomb
potential, for which matrix elements between different basis functions
(consisting of Gaussian nuclear and electronic orbitals) are all well-known. In
valence bond theory the self-consistent field calculation can be avoided so
that the matrix elements are analytical functions of the nuclear coordinates.
  A method for simulating non-adiabatic quantum dynamics is sketched, where
coherent state trajectories are propagated "on the fly" on adiabatic potential
energy surfaces without making approximations to the matrix elements
responsible for the coupling between trajectories.


title:
A fast integral equation method for solid particles in viscous flow
  using quadrature by expansion

abstract:
  Boundary integral methods are advantageous when simulating viscous flow
around rigid particles, due to the reduction in number of unknowns and
straightforward handling of the geometry. In this work we present a fast and
accurate framework for simulating spheroids in periodic Stokes flow, which is
based on the completed double layer boundary integral formulation. The
framework implements a new method known as quadrature by expansion (QBX), which
uses surrogate local expansions of the layer potential to evaluate it to very
high accuracy both on and off the particle surfaces. This quadrature method is
accelerated through a newly developed precomputation scheme. The long range
interactions are computed using the spectral Ewald (SE) fast summation method,
which after integration with QBX allows the resulting system to be solved in M
log M time, where M is the number of particles. This framework is suitable for
simulations of large particle systems, and can be used for studying e.g. porous
media models.


title: How Many Cooks Spoil the Soup?

abstract:
  In this work, we study the following basic question: "How much parallelism
does a distributed task permit?" Our definition of parallelism (or symmetry)
here is not in terms of speed, but in terms of identical roles that processes
have at the same time in the execution. We initiate this study in population
protocols, a very simple model that not only allows for a straightforward
definition of what a role is, but also encloses the challenge of isolating the
properties that are due to the protocol from those that are due to the
adversary scheduler, who controls the interactions between the processes. We
(i) give a partial characterization of the set of predicates on input
assignments that can be stably computed with maximum symmetry, i.e.,
$\Theta(N_{min})$, where $N_{min}$ is the minimum multiplicity of a state in
the initial configuration, and (ii) we turn our attention to the remaining
predicates and prove a strong impossibility result for the parity predicate:
the inherent symmetry of any protocol that stably computes it is upper bounded
by a constant that depends on the size of the protocol.


title: Approximations for the Caputo derivative (II)

abstract:
  In the present paper we use the expansion formula of the polylogarithm
function to construct approximations of the Caputo derivative which are related
to the midpoint approximation of the integral in the definition of the Caputo
derivative. The asymptotic expansion formula of the Riemann sum approximation
of the beta function and the first terms of the expansion formulas of the
approximations of the Caputo derivative of the power function are obtained in
the paper. The induced shifted approximations of the Gr\"unwald formula and the
approximations of the Caputo derivative studied in the first part of the paper
are constructed and applied for numerical solution of fractional differential
equations.


title:
On the lifting of deterministic convergence rates for inverse problems
  with stochastic noise

abstract:
  Both for the theoretical and practical treatment of Inverse Problems, the
modeling of the noise is a crucial part. One either models the measurement via
a deterministic worst-case error assumption or assumes a certain stochastic
behavior of the noise. Although some connections between both models are known,
the communities develop rather independently. In this paper we seek to bridge
the gap between the deterministic and the stochastic approach and show
convergence and convergence rates for Inverse Problems with stochastic noise by
lifting the theory established in the deterministic setting into the stochastic
one. This opens the wide field of deterministic regularization methods for
stochastic problems without having to do an individual stochastic analysis for
each problem.


title: The Complexity of Fixed-Height Patterned Tile Self-Assembly

abstract:
  We characterize the complexity of the PATS problem for patterns of fixed
height and color count in variants of the model where seed glues are either
chosen or fixed and identical (so-called non-uniform and uniform variants). We
prove that both variants are NP-complete for patterns of height 2 or more and
admit O(n)-time algorithms for patterns of height 1. We also prove that if the
height and number of colors in the pattern is fixed, the non-uniform variant
admits a O(n)-time algorithm while the uniform variant remains NP-complete. The
NP-completeness results use a new reduction from a constrained version of a
problem on finite state transducers.


title: Generation of Polarization Entangled Photon Pairs in a Planar Waveguide

abstract:
  In this paper, we analyze spontaneous parametric down conversion in a 2D
slant strip type periodically poled planar waveguide and show that such a
configuration has efficiencies higher than in the case of bulk crystals with
the possibility of ease of collection like in channel waveguides with the
additional feature of wavelength tunability. The proposed design should find
applications in quantum processing using integrated quantum optics.


title: Source integrals of multipole moments for static space-times

abstract:
  The definition of Komar for the mass of a relativistic source is used as a
starting point to introduce volume integrals for Relativistic Multipole Moments
(RMM). A certain generalization of the classical Gauss theorem is used to
rewrite these multipole moments as integrals over a surface at the infinity.
Therefore it is shown that the above generalization leads to Asymptotic
Relativistic Multipole Moments (ARMM), recovering the multipoles of Geroch or
Thorne, when the integrals are evaluated in asympotically cartesian harmonic
coordinates. Relationships regarding the Thorne definition and the classical
theory of moments are shown.


title:
Quantum error-correcting codes from Algebraic Geometry codes of Castle
  type

abstract:
  We study Algebraic Geometry codes producing quantum error-correcting codes by
the CSS construction. We pay particular attention to the family of Castle
codes. We show that many of the examples known in the literature in fact belong
to this family of codes. We systematize these constructions by showing the
common theory that underlies all of them.


title: Optimal frequency sweep method in multi-rate circuit simulation

abstract:
  Purpose -- RF circuits often possess a multi-rate behavior. Slow changing
baseband signals and fast oscillating carrier signals often occur in the same
circuit. Frequency modulated signals pose a particular challenge.
Design/methodology/approach -- The ordinary circuit differential equations
(ODEs) are first rewritten by a system of (multi-rate) partial differential
equations (MPDEs) in order to decouple the different time scales. For an
efficient simulation we need an optimal choice of a frequency dependent
parameter. This is achieved by an additional smoothness condition. Finding --
By incorporating the smoothness condition into the discretization, we obtain a
nonlinear system of equations complemented by a minimization constraint. This
problem is solved by a modified Newton method, which needs only little extra
computational effort. The method is tested on a Phase Locked Loop with a
frequency modulated input signal.
  Originality/value -- A new optimal frequency sweep method was introduced,
which will permit a very efficient simulation of multi-rate circuits.


title: Three-Axis Vector Nano Superconducting Quantum Interference Device

abstract:
  We present the design, realization and performance of a three-axis vector
nano Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (nanoSQUID). It consists of
three mutually orthogonal SQUID nanoloops that allow distinguishing the three
components of the vector magnetic moment of individual nanoparticles placed at
a specific position. The device is based on Nb/HfTi/Nb Josephson junctions and
exhibits linewidths of $\sim 250$ nm and inner loop areas of $600 \times 90$
nm$^2$ and $500 \times 500$ nm$^2$. Operation at temperature $T=4.2$ K, under
external magnetic fields up to $\sim 50$ mT is demonstrated. The experimental
flux noise below $\sim 250$ ${\rm n}\Phi_0/\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ in the white noise
limit and the reduced dimensions lead to a total calculated spin sensitivity of
$\sim 630$ $\mu_{\rm B}/\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ and $\sim 70$ $\mu_{\rm B}/\sqrt{\rm
Hz}$ for the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the vector magnetic
moment, respectively. The potential of the device for studying tridimensional
properties of individual nanomagnets is discussed.


title:
Deterministic Performance Analysis of Subspace Methods for Cisoid
  Parameter Estimation

abstract:
  Performance analyses of subspace algorithms for cisoid parameter estimation
available in the literature are predominantly of statistical nature with a
focus on asymptotic$-$either in the sample size or the SNR$-$statements. This
paper presents a deterministic, finite sample size, and finite-SNR performance
analysis of the ESPRIT algorithm and the matrix pencil method. Our results are
based, inter alia, on a new upper bound on the condition number of Vandermonde
matrices with nodes inside the unit disk. This bound is obtained through a
generalization of Hilbert's inequality frequently used in large sieve theory.


title:
Dynamically flavored description of holographic QCD in the presence of a
  magnetic field

abstract:
  We construct the gravitational solution of the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model by
introducing a magnetic field on the flavor brane. With taking into account
their backreaction, we re-solve the type IIA supergravity in the presence of
the magnetic field. Our calculation shows the gravitational solutions are
magnetic-dependent and analytic both in the bubble (confined) and black brane
(deconfined) case. We study the dual field theory at the leading order in the
ratio of the number of flavors and colors, also in the Veneziano limit. Some
physical properties related to the hadronic physics in an external magnetic
field are discussed by using our confined backreaction solution
holographically. We also investigate the thermodynamics and holographic
renormalization of this model in both phases by our solution. Since the
backreaction of the magnetic field is considered in our gravitational solution,
it allows us to study the Hawking-Page transition with flavors and colors of
this model in the presence of the magnetic field. Finally we therefore obtain
the holographic phase diagram with the contributions from the flavors and the
magnetic field. Our holographic phase diagram is in agreement with lattice QCD
result qualitatively, which thus can be interpreted as the inhibition of
confinement or chirally broken symmetry by the magnetic field.


title:
Purification and switching protocols for dissipatively stabilized
  entangled qubit states

abstract:
  Pure dephasing processes limit the fidelities achievable in
driven-dissipative schemes for stabilization of entangled states of qubits. We
propose a scheme which, combined with already existing entangling methods,
purifies the desired entangled state by driving out of equilibrium auxiliary
dissipative cavity modes coupled to the qubits. We lay out the specifics of our
scheme and compute its efficiency in the particular context of two
superconducting qubits in a cavity-QED architecture, where the strongly coupled
auxiliary modes provided by collective cavity excitations can drive and sustain
the qubits in maximally entangled Bell states with fidelities reaching 90% for
experimentally accessible parameters.


title: Completely positive semidefinite rank

abstract:
  An $n\times n$ matrix $X$ is called completely positive semidefinite (cpsd)
if there exist $d\times d$ Hermitian positive semidefinite matrices
$\{P_i\}_{i=1}^n$ (for some $d\ge 1$) such that $X_{ij}= {\rm Tr}(P_iP_j),$ for
all $i,j \in \{ 1, \ldots, n \}$. The cpsd-rank of a cpsd matrix is the
smallest $d\ge 1$ for which such a representation is possible. In this work we
initiate the study of the cpsd-rank which we motivate twofold. First, the
cpsd-rank is a natural non-commutative analogue of the completely positive rank
of a completely positive matrix. Second, we show that the cpsd-rank is
physically motivated as it can be used to upper and lower bound the size of a
quantum system needed to generate a quantum behavior.
  In this work we present several properties of the cpsd-rank. Unlike the
completely positive rank which is at most quadratic in the size of the matrix,
no general upper bound is known on the cpsd-rank of a cpsd matrix. In fact, we
show that the cpsd-rank can be exponential in terms of the size. Specifically,
for any $n\ge1,$ we construct a cpsd matrix of size $2n$ whose cpsd-rank is
$2^{\Omega(\sqrt{n})}$. Our construction is based on Gram matrices of Lorentz
cone vectors, which we show are cpsd. The proof relies crucially on the
connection between the cpsd-rank and quantum behaviors. In particular, we use a
known lower bound on the size of matrix representations of extremal quantum
correlations which we apply to high-rank extreme points of the $n$-dimensional
elliptope.
  Lastly, we study cpsd-graphs, i.e., graphs $G$ with the property that every
doubly nonnegative matrix whose support is given by $G$ is cpsd. We show that a
graph is cpsd if and only if it has no odd cycle of length at least $5$ as a
subgraph. This coincides with the characterization of cp-graphs.


title:
Characterization and Lower Bounds for Branching Program Size using
  Projective Dimension

abstract:
  We study projective dimension, a graph parameter (denoted by pd$(G)$ for a
graph $G$), introduced by (Pudl\'ak, R\"odl 1992), who showed that proving
lower bounds for pd$(G_f)$ for bipartite graphs $G_f$ associated with a Boolean
function $f$ imply size lower bounds for branching programs computing $f$.
Despite several attempts (Pudl\'ak, R\"odl 1992 ; Babai, R\'{o}nyai, Ganapathy
2000), proving super-linear lower bounds for projective dimension of explicit
families of graphs has remained elusive.
  We show that there exist a Boolean function $f$ (on $n$ bits) for which the
gap between the projective dimension and size of the optimal branching program
computing $f$ (denoted by bpsize$(f)$), is $2^{\Omega(n)}$. Motivated by the
argument in (Pudl\'ak, R\"odl 1992), we define two variants of projective
dimension - projective dimension with intersection dimension 1 (denoted by
upd$(G)$) and bitwise decomposable projective dimension (denoted by
bitpdim$(G)$).
  As our main result, we show that there is an explicit family of graphs on $N
= 2^n$ vertices such that the projective dimension is $O(\sqrt{n})$, the
projective dimension with intersection dimension $1$ is $\Omega(n)$ and the
bitwise decomposable projective dimension is $\Omega(\frac{n^{1.5}}{\log n})$.
We also show that there exist a Boolean function $f$ (on $n$ bits) for which
the gap between upd$(G_f)$ and bpsize$(f)$ is $2^{\Omega(n)}$. In contrast, we
also show that the bitwise decomposable projective dimension characterizes size
of the branching program up to a polynomial factor. That is, there exists a
constant $c>0$ and for any function $f$, $\textrm{bitpdim}(G_f)/6 \le
\textrm{bpsize}(f) \le (\textrm{bitpdim}(G_f))^c$. We also study two other
variants of projective dimension and show that they are exactly equal to
well-studied graph parameters - bipartite clique cover number and bipartite
partition number respectively.


title:
Generalized Homogeneous Polynomials for Efficient Template-Based
  Nonlinear Invariant Synthesis

abstract:
  The template-based method is one of the most successful approaches to
algebraic invariant synthesis. In this method, an algorithm designates a
template polynomial p over program variables, generates constraints for p=0 to
be an invariant, and solves the generated constraints. However, this approach
often suffers from an increasing template size if the degree of a template
polynomial is too high.
  We propose a technique to make template-based methods more efficient. Our
technique is based on the following finding: If an algebraic invariant exists,
then there is a specific algebraic invariant that we call a generalized
homogeneous algebraic invariant that is often smaller. This finding justifies
using only a smaller template that corresponds to a generalized homogeneous
algebraic invariant.
  Concretely, we state our finding above formally based on the abstract
semantics of an imperative program proposed by Cachera et al. Then, we modify
their template-based invariant synthesis so that it generates only generalized
homogeneous algebraic invariants. This modification is proved to be sound.
Furthermore, we also empirically demonstrate the merit of the restriction to
generalized homogeneous algebraic invariants. Our implementation outperforms
that of Cachera et al. for programs that require a higher-degree template.


title: An Approach to Find Missing Values in Medical Datasets

abstract:
  Mining medical datasets is a challenging problem before data mining
researchers as these datasets have several hidden challenges compared to
conventional datasets.Starting from the collection of samples through field
experiments and clinical trials to performing classification,there are numerous
challenges at every stage in the mining process. The preprocessing phase in the
mining process itself is a challenging issue when, we work on medical datasets.
One of the prime challenges in mining medical datasets is handling missing
values which is part of preprocessing phase. In this paper, we address the
issue of handling missing values in medical dataset consisting of categorical
attribute values. The main contribution of this research is to use the proposed
imputation measure to estimate and fix the missing values. We discuss a case
study to demonstrate the working of proposed measure.


title: Diphoton Excess as a Hidden Monopole

abstract:
  We provide a theory with a monopole of a strongly-interacting hidden U(1)
gauge symmetry that can explain the 750-GeV diphoton excess reported by ATLAS
and CMS. The excess results from the resonance of monopole, which is produced
via gluon fusion and decays into two photons. In the low energy, there are only
mesons and a monopole in our model because any baryons cannot be gauge
invariant in terms of strongly interacting Abelian symmetry. This is
advantageous of our model because there is no unwanted relics around the BBN
epoch.


title: A multiscale method to calculate filter blockage

abstract:
  Filters that act by adsorbing contaminant onto their pore walls will
experience a decrease in porosity over time, and may eventually block. As
adsorption will generally be larger towards the entrance of a filter, where the
concentration of contaminant particles is higher, these effects can also result
in a spatially varying porosity. We investigate this dynamic process using an
extension of homogenization theory that accounts for a macroscale variation in
microstructure. We formulate and homogenize the coupled problems of flow
through a filter with a near-periodic time-dependent microstructure, solute
transport due to advection, diffusion, and filter adsorption, and filter
structure evolution due to the adsorption of contaminant. We use the
homogenized equations to investigate how the contaminant removal and filter
lifespan depend on the initial porosity distribution for a unidirectional flow.
We confirm a conjecture made in Dalwadi et al. (2015) that filters with an
initially negative porosity gradient have a longer lifespan and remove more
contaminant than filters with an initially constant porosity, or worse, an
initially positive porosity gradient. Additionally, we determine which initial
porosity distributions result in a filter that will block everywhere at once by
exploiting an asymptotic reduction of the homogenized equations. We show that
these filters remove more contaminant than other filters with the same initial
average porosity, but that filters which block everywhere at once are limited
by how large their initial average porosity can be.


title:
Linking dissipation-induced instabilities with nonmodal growth: the case
  of helical magnetorotational instability

abstract:
  The helical magnetorotational instability is known to work for resistive
rotational flows with comparably steep negative or extremely steep positive
shear. The corresponding lower and upper Liu limits of the shear are
continuously connected when some axial electrical current is allowed to flow
through the rotating fluid. Using a local approximation we demonstrate that the
magnetohydrodynamic behavior of this dissipation-induced instability is
intimately connected with the nonmodal growth and the pseudospectrum of the
underlying purely hydrodynamic problem.

categories: physics.plasm-ph astro-ph.EP astro-ph.SR physics.flu-dyn


title:
Refined basic couplings and Wasserstein-type distances for SDEs with
  L\'{e}vy noises

abstract:
  We establish the exponential convergence with respect to the
$L^1$-Wasserstein distance and the total variation for the semigroup
corresponding to the stochastic differential equation (SDE)
  $$d X_t=d Z_t+b(X_t)\,d t,$$ where $(Z_t)_{t\ge0}$ is a pure jump L\'{e}vy
process whose L\'{e}vy measure $\nu$ fulfills
  $$ \inf_{x\in \R^d, |x|\le \kappa_0} [\nu\wedge (\delta_x \ast \nu)](
\R^d)>0$$ for some constant $\kappa_0>0$, and the drift term $b$ satisfies that
for any $x,y\in \R^d$,
  $$\langle b(x)-b(y),x-y\rangle\le \begin{cases}
  \Phi_1(|x-y|)|x-y|,& |x-y|\le l_0;
  -K_2|x-y|^2,& |x-y|> l_0
  \end{cases}$$ with some positive constants $K_2, l_0$ and positive measurable
function $\Phi_1$. The method is based on the refined basic coupling for
L\'{e}vy jump processes. As a byproduct, we obtain sufficient conditions for
the strong ergodicity of the process $(X_t)_{t\ge0}$.


title:
On the existence of weak solutions of a thermistor system with
  p-Laplacian type equation: the unsteady case

abstract:
  We consider an unsteady thermistor system with a p-Laplace type equation for
the electrostatic potential.


title: Kondo phase diagram of quark matter

abstract:
  We discuss the ground state of a quark matter containing heavy quarks as
impurities in a simple model which exhibits the QCD Kondo effect. The model
includes a current-current interaction with the color exchange between a light
quark ($\psi$) and a heavy quark ($\Psi$). We introduce a gap function $\Delta
\sim \langle \bar \psi \Psi \rangle $ which represents the correlation between
$\psi$ and $\Psi$, and perform the mean-field approximation assuming that heavy
quarks are uniformly distributed. Values of the gap $\Delta$ measure the
strength of mixing between $\psi$ and $\Psi$. The gap equation obtained from
the minimum of the thermodynamical potential together with the condition for
the heavy-quark number conservation turns out to allow for nonzero values of
the gap as the most stable state. We draw a phase diagram in $\mu$ (the
light-quark chemical potential) and $\lambda$ (an analog of the heavy-quark
chemical potential) plane, and identify the region where the QCD Kondo effect
occurs.


title: Unbiased Comparative Evaluation of Ranking Functions

abstract:
  Eliciting relevance judgments for ranking evaluation is labor-intensive and
costly, motivating careful selection of which documents to judge. Unlike
traditional approaches that make this selection deterministically,
probabilistic sampling has shown intriguing promise since it enables the design
of estimators that are provably unbiased even when reusing data with missing
judgments. In this paper, we first unify and extend these sampling approaches
by viewing the evaluation problem as a Monte Carlo estimation task that applies
to a large number of common IR metrics. Drawing on the theoretical clarity that
this view offers, we tackle three practical evaluation scenarios: comparing two
systems, comparing $k$ systems against a baseline, and ranking $k$ systems. For
each scenario, we derive an estimator and a variance-optimizing sampling
distribution while retaining the strengths of sampling-based evaluation,
including unbiasedness, reusability despite missing data, and ease of use in
practice. In addition to the theoretical contribution, we empirically evaluate
our methods against previously used sampling heuristics and find that they
generally cut the number of required relevance judgments at least in half.


title:
Time Evolution and Deterministic Optimisation of Correlator Product
  States

abstract:
  We study a restricted class of correlator product states (CPS) for a
spin-half chain in which each spin is contained in just two overlapping
plaquettes. This class is also a restriction upon matrix product states (MPS)
with local dimension $2^n$ ($n$ being the size of the overlapping regions of
plaquettes) equal to the bond dimension. We investigate the trade-off between
gains in efficiency due to this restriction against losses in fidelity. The
time-dependent variational principle formulated for these states is numerically
very stable. Moreover, it shows significant gains in efficiency compared to the
naively related matrix product states - the evolution or optimisation scales as
$2^{3n}$ for the correlator product states versus $2^{4n}$ for the unrestricted
matrix product state. However, much of this advantage is offset by a
significant reduction in fidelity. Correlator product states break the local
Hilbert space symmetry by the explicit selection of a local basis. We
investigate this dependence in detail and formulate the broad principles under
which correlator product states may be a useful tool. In particular, we find
that scaling with overlap/bond order may be more stable with correlator product
states allowing a more efficient extraction of critical exponents - we present
an example in which the use of correlator product states is several orders of
magnitude quicker than matrix product states.


title:
Towards Reduced Reference Parametric Models for Estimating Audiovisual
  Quality in Multimedia Services

abstract:
  We have developed reduced reference parametric models for estimating
perceived quality in audiovisual multimedia services. We have created 144
unique configurations for audiovisual content including various application and
network parameters such as bitrates and distortions in terms of bandwidth,
packet loss rate and jitter. To generate the data needed for model training and
validation we have tasked 24 subjects, in a controlled environment, to rate the
overall audiovisual quality on the absolute category rating (ACR) 5-level
quality scale. We have developed models using Random Forest and Neural Network
based machine learning methods in order to estimate Mean Opinion Scores (MOS)
values. We have used information retrieved from the packet headers and side
information provided as network parameters for model training. Random Forest
based models have performed better in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE)
and Pearson correlation coefficient. The side information proved to be very
effective in developing the model. We have found that, while the model
performance might be improved by replacing the side information with more
accurate bit stream level measurements, they are performing well in estimating
perceived quality in audiovisual multimedia services.


title: Data-Driven Confounder Selection via Markov and Bayesian Networks

abstract:
  To unbiasedly estimate a causal effect on an outcome unconfoundedness is
often assumed. If there is sufficient knowledge on the underlying causal
structure then existing confounder selection criteria can be used to select
subsets of the observed pretreatment covariates, $X$, sufficient for
unconfoundedness, if such subsets exist. Here, estimation of these target
subsets is considered when the underlying causal structure is unknown. The
proposed method is to model the causal structure by a probabilistic graphical
model, e.g., a Markov or Bayesian network, estimate this graph from observed
data and select the target subsets given the estimated graph. The approach is
evaluated by simulation both in a high-dimensional setting where
unconfoundedness holds given $X$ and in a setting where unconfoundedness only
holds given subsets of $X$. Several common target subsets are investigated and
the selected subsets are compared with respect to accuracy in estimating the
average causal effect. The proposed method is implemented with existing
software that can easily handle high-dimensional data, in terms of large
samples and large number of covariates. The results from the simulation study
show that, if unconfoundedness holds given $X$, this approach is very
successful in selecting the target subsets, outperforming alternative
approaches based on random forests and LASSO, and that the subset estimating
the target subset containing all causes of outcome yields smallest MSE in the
average causal effect estimation.


title:
Thermodynamics in $f(R,R_{\alpha\beta}R^{\alpha\beta},\phi)$ theory of
  gravity

abstract:
  First and second laws of black hole thermodynamics are examined at the
apparent horizon of FRW spacetime in $f(R,R_{\alpha\beta}R^{\alpha\beta}
,\phi)$ gravity, where $R$, $R_{\alpha\beta}R^{\alpha\beta}$ and $\phi$ are the
Ricci scalar, Ricci invariant and the scalar field respectively. In this
modified theory, Friedmann equations are formulated for any spatial curvature.
These equations can be presented into the form of first law of thermodynamics
for $T_{h}d\hat{S}_{h}+ T_{h}d_{i}\hat{S}_{h}+W dV=dE$, where
$d_{i}\hat{S}_{h}$ is an extra entropy term because of the non-equilibrium
presentation of the equations and $T_{h}d\hat{S}_{h}+W dV=dE$ for the
equilibrium presentation. The generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSLT)
is expressed in an inclusive form where these results can be represented in GR
$f(R)$ and $f(R, \phi)$ gravities. Finally to check the validity of GSLT, we
take some particular models and produce constraints of the parameters.


title:
p-Saturations of Welter's Game and the Irreducible Representations of
  Symmetric Groups

abstract:
  We establish a relation between the Sprague-Grundy function $\text{sg}$ of a
$p$-saturation of Welter's game and the degrees of the ordinary irreducible
representations of symmetric groups. In this game, a position can be viewed as
a partition $\lambda$. Let $\rho^\lambda$ be the irreducible representation of
$\text{Sym}(|\lambda|)$ indexed by $\lambda$. For every prime $p$, we show the
following results: (1) the degree of $\rho^\lambda$ is prime to $p$ if and only
if $\text{sg}(\lambda) = |\lambda|$; (2) the restriction of $\rho^\lambda$ to
$\text{Sym}(\text{sg}(\lambda))$ has an irreducible component with degree prime
to $p$. Further, for every integer $p$ greater than 1, we obtain an explicit
formula for $\text{sg}(\lambda)$.


title: Adaptive Multi-rate Wavelet Method for Circuit Simulation

abstract:
  In this paper a new adaptive algorithm for multi-rate circuit simulation
encountered in the design of RF circuits based on spline wavelets is presented.
The circuit ordinary differential equations are first rewritten by a system of
(multi-rate) partial differential equations (MPDEs) in order to decouple the
different time scales. Second, a semi-discretization by Rothe's method of the
MPDEs results in a system of differential algebraic equations (DAEs) with
periodic boundary conditions. These boundary value problems are solved by a
Galerkin discretization using spline functions. An adaptive spline grid is
generated, using spline wavelets for non-uniform grids. Moreover the
instantaneous frequency is chosen adaptively to guarantee a smooth envelope
resulting in large time steps and therefore high run time efficiency. Numerical
tests on circuits exhibiting multi-rate behavior including mixers and PLL
conclude the paper.


title:
Using Katsurada's Determination of the Eisenstein Series to Compute
  Siegel Eigenforms

abstract:
  We compute Hecke eigenform bases of spaces of level one, degree~three Siegel
modular forms and 2-Euler factors of the eigenforms through weight 22. Our
method uses the Fourier coefficients of Siegel Eisenstein series, which are
fully known and computationally tractable by the work of H. Katsurada; we also
use P. Garrett's decomposition of the pullback of the Eisenstein series through
the Witt map. Our results support I. Miyawaki's conjectural lift, and they give
examples of eigenforms that are congruence neighbors.


title: It from Knot

abstract:
  Knot physics is the theory of the universe that not only unified all the
fundamental interactions but also explores the underlying physics of quantum
mechanics. In knot physics, the most important physical result is the
unification of everything (including matter, motion, interaction and
space-time, ...) into the entangled vortex-membranes (a knot): our universe is
a projection of a four three dimensional entangled vortex-membranes in five
dimensional inviscid incompressible fluid, of which the low energy effective
theory not only reproduces the Standard model -- an
SU_{strong}(3)}*SU_{weak}(2)*U_{Y}(1) gauge theory but also leads to the
physics of general relativity. In a word, it from knot.


title:
Excitation functions of parameters in Erlang distribution, Schwinger
  mechanism, and Tsallis statistics in RHIC BES program

abstract:
  Experimental results of the transverse momentum distributions of phi mesons
and $\Omega$ hyperons produced in gold-gold (Au-Au) collisions with different
centrality intervals, measured by the STAR Collaboration at different energies
(7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV) in the beam energy scan (BES) program at the
relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC), are approximately described by the
single Erlang distribution and the two-component Schwinger mechanism.
Meanwhile, the STAR experimental transverse momentum distributions of
negatively charged particles, produced in Au-Au collisions at RHIC BES
energies, are approximately described by the two-component Erlang distribution
and the single Tsallis statistics. The excitation functions of free parameters
are obtained from the fit to the experimental data. A weak softest point in the
string tension in $\Omega$ hyperon spectra is observed at 7.7 GeV.


title: Rigidity of critical points for a nonlocal Ohta-Kawasaki energy

abstract:
  We investigate the shape of critical points for a free energy consisting of a
nonlocal perimeter plus a nonlocal repulsive term. In particular, we prove that
a volume-constrained critical point is necessarily a ball if its volume is
sufficiently small with respect to its isodiametric ratio, thus extending a
result previously known only for global minimizers. We also show that, at least
in one-dimension, there exist critical points with arbitrarily small volume and
large isodiametric ratio. This example shows that a constraint on the diameter
is, in general, necessary to establish the radial symmetry of the critical
points.


title:
Equilibrium states for partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms with
  hyperbolic linear part

abstract:
  We address the problem of existence and uniqueness (finite- ness) of ergodic
equilibrium states for a natural class of partially hyperbolic dynamics
homotopic to Anosov. We propose to study the disintegration of equilibrium
states along central foliation as a tool to develop the theory of equilibrium
states for partially hyperbolic dynamics.


title:
Characterising uniform star formation efficiencies with
  marginally-stable galactic disks

abstract:
  We examine the HI-based star formation efficiency (SFE_HI), the ratio of star
formation rate to the atomic Hydrogen (HI) mass, in the context of a constant
stability star-forming disk model. Our observations of HI-selected galaxies
show SFE to be fairly constant (log SFE_HI = -9.65 yr-1 with a dispersion of
0.3 dex) across ~5 orders of magnitude in stellar masses. We present a model to
account for this result, whose main principle is that the gas within galaxies
forms a uniform stability disk and that stars form within the molecular gas in
this disk. We test two versions of the model differing in the prescription that
determines the molecular gas fraction, based on either the hydrostatic
pressure, or the stellar surface density of the disk. For high-mass galaxies
such as the Milky Way, we find that either prescription predicts SFE_HI similar
to the observations. However, the hydrostatic pressure prescription is a more
accurate SFE_HI predictor for low-mass galaxies. Our model is the first model
that links the uniform SFE_HI observed in galaxies at low redshifts to
star-forming disks with constant marginal stability. While the rotational
amplitude Vmax is the primary driver of disk structure in our model, we find
the specific angular momentum of the galaxy may play a role in explaining a
weak correlation between SFE_HI and effective surface brightness of the disk.


title: On the volume inside old black holes

abstract:
  Black holes that have nearly evaporated are often thought of as small
objects, due to their tiny exterior area. However, the horizon bounds large
spacelike hypersurfaces. A compelling geometric perspective on the evolution of
the interior geometry was recently shown to be provided by a generally
covariant definition of the volume inside a black hole using maximal surfaces.
In this article, we expand on previous results and show that finding the
maximal surfaces in an arbitrary spherically symmetric spacetime is equivalent
to a 1+1 geodesic problem. We then study the effect of Hawking radiation on the
volume by computing the volume of maximal surfaces inside the apparent horizon
of an evaporating black hole as a function of time at infinity: while the area
is shrinking, the volume of these surfaces grows monotonically with advanced
time, up to when the horizon has reached Planckian dimensions. The physical
relevance of these results for the information paradox and the remnant
scenarios are discussed.


title: Linear recursive odometers and beta-expansions

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to study the connection between different properties
related to $\beta$-expansions. In particular, the relation between two
conditions, both ensuring pure discrete spectrum of the odometer, is analysed.
The first one is the so-called Hypothesis B for the $G$-odometers and the
second one is denoted by (QM) and it has been introduced in the framework of
tilings associated to Pisot $\beta$-numerations.


title:
The Manifold Particle Filter for State Estimation on High-dimensional
  Implicit Manifolds

abstract:
  We estimate the state a noisy robot arm and underactuated hand using an
Implicit Manifold Particle Filter (MPF) informed by touch sensors. As the robot
touches the world, its state space collapses to a contact manifold that we
represent implicitly using a signed distance field. This allows us to extend
the MPF to higher (six or more) dimensional state spaces. Earlier work (which
explicitly represents the contact manifold) only shows the MPF in two or three
dimensions. Through a series of experiments, we show that the implicit MPF
converges faster and is more accurate than a conventional particle filter
during periods of persistent contact. We present three methods of sampling the
implicit contact manifold, and compare them in experiments.


title:
The Succinctness of First-order Logic over Modal Logic via a Formula
  Size Game

abstract:
  We propose a new version of formula size game for modal logic. The game
characterizes the equivalence of pointed Kripke-models up to formulas of given
numbers of modal operators and binary connectives. Our game is similar to the
well-known Adler-Immerman game. However, due to a crucial difference in the
definition of positions of the game, its winning condition is simpler, and the
second player (duplicator) does not have a trivial optimal strategy. Thus,
unlike the Adler-Immerman game, our game is a genuine two-person game. We
illustrate the use of the game by proving a nonelementary succinctness gap
between bisimulation invariant first-order logic FO and (basic) modal logic ML.


title: Multiple Bifurcations in the Periodic Orbit around Eros

abstract:
  We investigate the multiple bifurcations in periodic orbit families in the
potential field of a highly irregular-shaped celestial body. Topological cases
of periodic orbits and four kinds of basic bifurcations in periodic orbit
families are studied. Multiple bifurcations in periodic orbit families consist
of four kinds of basic bifurcations. We found both binary period-doubling
bifurcations and binary tangent bifurcations in periodic orbit families around
asteroid 433 Eros. The periodic orbit family with binary period-doubling
bifurcations is nearly circular, with almost zero inclination, and is reversed
relative to the body of the asteroid 433 Eros. This implies that there are two
stable regions separated by one unstable region for the motion around this
asteroid. In addition, we found triple bifurcations which consist of two real
saddle bifurcations and one period-doubling bifurcation. A periodic orbit
family generated from an equilibrium point of asteroid 433 Eros has five
bifurcations, which are one real saddle bifurcation, two tangent bifurcations,
and two period-doubling bifurcations.


title: Alternate modules are subsymplectic

abstract:
  In this paper, an alternate module $(A,\phi)$ is a finite abelian group $A$
with a $\mathbb{Z}$-bilinear application $\phi:A\times A\rightarrow
\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}$ which is alternate (i.e. zero on the diagonal). We shall
prove that any alternate module is subsymplectic, i.e. if $(A,\phi)$ has a
Lagrangian of cardinal $n$ then there exists an abelian group $B$ of order $n$
such that $(A,\phi)$ is a submodule of the standard symplectic module $B\times
B^*$.


title:
Fast Algorithms for Adaptive Free-Knot Spline Approximation Using
  Non-Uniform Biorthogonal Spline Wavelets

abstract:
  New algorithms for fast wavelet transforms with biorthogonal spline wavelets
on nonuniform grids are presented. In contrary to classical wavelet transforms,
the algorithms are not based on filter coefficients, but on algorithms for
B-spline expansions (differentiation, Oslo algorithm, etc.). Due to inherent
properties of the spline wavelets, the algorithm can be modified for spline
grid refinement or coarsening. The performance of the algorithms is
demonstrated by numerical tests of the adaptive spline methods in circuit
simulation.


title: The parametric continuation method for determining steady state diagrams

abstract:
  The paper discusses a simple method of using the parametric continuation
method to designate complex diagrams of steady states. The main advantage of
the discussed approach is the fact that it does not require the installation of
huge professional IT systems. The deliberations are illustrated by examples of
a reactor models described by the algebraic and differential equations. Both
models render solutions in the form of the so called multiple steady states.


title: Non-Gaussian eccentricity fluctuations

abstract:
  We study the fluctuations of the anisotropy of the energy density profile
created in a high-energy collision at the LHC. We show that the anisotropy in
harmonic $n$ has generic non-Gaussian fluctuations. We argue that these
non-Gaussianities have a universal character for small systems such as p+Pb
collisions, but not for large systems such as Pb+Pb collisions where they
depend on the underlying non-Gaussian statistics of the initial density
profile. We generalize expressions for the eccentricity cumulants
$\varepsilon_2\{4\}$ and $\varepsilon_3\{4\}$ previously obtained within the
independent-source model to a general fluctuating initial density profile.


title: An algorithm to increase the residues of wrapped-phase in spatial domain

abstract:
  In phase unwrapping, the locations and densities of residues are indicative
of the severity of the unwrapping problem. The residues are used to detect and
evade inconsistent phase areas. Gdeisat et al. proposed an algorithm to
increase the number of residues in a wrapped-phase map to improve the results
of phase unwrapping. But this method will take much time to make the Fourier
transform, inverse Fourier transform, select and shift the spectral components,
and there is no theoretical analysis on why the frequency shift can increase
the number of residues. In view of the above problems, we proposed an algorithm
to increase the number of residues in a wrapped-phase map, which only uses a
simple multiply operation in spatial domain to realize frequency shift by
taking advantage of the frequency shift property of Fourier transform. Besides
that, we discuss the relationship between the number of residues and frequency
shift. Finally, the experimental evaluation is conducted to prove the validity
of the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed
method can speed up more than 50%.


title: Improved method for phase wraps reduction in profilometry

abstract:
  In order to completely eliminate, or greatly reduce the number of phase wraps
in 2D wrapped phase map, Gdeisat et al. proposed an algorithm, which uses
shifting the spectrum towards the origin. But the spectrum can be shifted only
by an integer number, meaning that the phase wraps reduction is often not
optimal. In addition, Gdeisat's method will take much time to make the Fourier
transform, inverse Fourier transform, select and shift the spectral components.
In view of the above problems, we proposed an improved method for phase wraps
elimination or reduction. First, the wrapped phase map is padded with zeros,
the carrier frequency of the projected fringe is determined by high resolution,
which can be used as the moving distance of the spectrum. And then realize
frequency shift in spatial domain. So it not only can enable the spectrum to be
shifted by a rational number when the carrier frequency is not an integer
number, but also reduce the execution time. Finally, the experimental results
demonstrated that the proposed method is feasible.


title:
Dependence of GAMA galaxy halo masses on the cosmic web environment from
  100 square degrees of KiDS weak lensing data

abstract:
  Galaxies and their dark matter haloes are part of a complex network of mass
structures, collectively called the cosmic web. Using the tidal tensor
prescription these structures can be classified into four cosmic environments:
voids, sheets, filaments and knots. As the cosmic web may influence the
formation and evolution of dark matter haloes and the galaxies they host, we
aim to study the effect of these cosmic environments on the average mass of
galactic haloes. To this end we measure the galaxy-galaxy lensing profile of
91,195 galaxies, within 0.039 < z < 0.263, from the spectroscopic Galaxy And
Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey, using ~100 square degrees of overlapping data from
the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS). In each of the four cosmic environments we model
the contributions from group centrals, satellites and neighbouring groups to
the stacked galaxy-galaxy lensing profiles. After correcting the lens samples
for differences in the stellar mass distribution, we find no dependence of the
average halo mass of central galaxies on their cosmic environment. We do find a
significant increase in the average contribution of neighbouring groups to the
lensing profile in increasingly dense cosmic environments. We show, however,
that the observed effect can be entirely attributed to the galaxy density at
much smaller scales (within 4 Mpc/h), which is correlated with the density of
the cosmic environments. Within our current uncertainties we find no direct
dependence of galaxy halo mass on their cosmic environment.


title: Blind Identification of Graph Filters

abstract:
  Network processes are often represented as signals defined on the vertices of
a graph. To untangle the latent structure of such signals, one can view them as
outputs of linear graph filters modeling underlying network dynamics. This
paper deals with the problem of joint identification of a graph filter and its
input signal, thus broadening the scope of classical blind deconvolution of
temporal and spatial signals to the less-structured graph domain. Given a graph
signal $\mathbf{y}$ modeled as the output of a graph filter, the goal is to
recover the vector of filter coefficients $\mathbf{h}$, and the input signal
$\mathbf{x}$ which is assumed to be sparse. While $\mathbf{y}$ is a bilinear
function of $\mathbf{x}$ and $\mathbf{h}$, the filtered graph signal is also a
linear combination of the entries of the lifted rank-one, row-sparse matrix
$\mathbf{x} \mathbf{h}^T$. The blind graph-filter identification problem can
thus be tackled via rank and sparsity minimization subject to linear
constraints, an inverse problem amenable to convex relaxations offering
provable recovery guarantees under simplifying assumptions. Numerical tests
using both synthetic and real-world networks illustrate the merits of the
proposed algorithms, as well as the benefits of leveraging multiple signals to
aid the blind identification task.


title: Bypass transition and spot nucleation in boundary layers

abstract:
  The spatio-temporal aspects of the transition to turbulence are considered in
the case of a boundary layer flow developing above a flat plate exposed to
free-stream turbulence. Combining results on the receptivity to free-stream
turbulence with the nonlinear concept of a transition threshold, a physically
motivated model suggests a spatial distribution of spot nucleation events. To
describe the evolution of turbulent spots a probabilistic cellular automaton is
introduced, with all parameters directly fitted from numerical simulations of
the boundary layer. The nucleation rates are then combined with the cellular
automaton model, yielding excellent quantitative agreement with the statistical
characteristics for different free-stream turbulence levels. We thus show how
the recent theoretical progress on transitional wall-bounded flows can be
extended to the much wider class of spatially developing boundary-layer flows.


title:
Towards Real-Time, Country-Level Location Classification of Worldwide
  Tweets

abstract:
  In contrast to much previous work that has focused on location classification
of tweets restricted to a specific country, here we undertake the task in a
broader context by classifying global tweets at the country level, which is so
far unexplored in a real-time scenario. We analyse the extent to which a
tweet's country of origin can be determined by making use of eight
tweet-inherent features for classification. Furthermore, we use two datasets,
collected a year apart from each other, to analyse the extent to which a model
trained from historical tweets can still be leveraged for classification of new
tweets. With classification experiments on all 217 countries in our datasets,
as well as on the top 25 countries, we offer some insights into the best use of
tweet-inherent features for an accurate country-level classification of tweets.
We find that the use of a single feature, such as the use of tweet content
alone -- the most widely used feature in previous work -- leaves much to be
desired. Choosing an appropriate combination of both tweet content and metadata
can actually lead to substantial improvements of between 20\% and 50\%. We
observe that tweet content, the user's self-reported location and the user's
real name, all of which are inherent in a tweet and available in a real-time
scenario, are particularly useful to determine the country of origin. We also
experiment on the applicability of a model trained on historical tweets to
classify new tweets, finding that the choice of a particular combination of
features whose utility does not fade over time can actually lead to comparable
performance, avoiding the need to retrain. However, the difficulty of achieving
accurate classification increases slightly for countries with multiple
commonalities, especially for English and Spanish speaking countries.


title: Work distribution in a photonic system

abstract:
  We present a proposal of a set-up to measure the work distribution due to an
arbitrary unitary process acting on the spatial transverse degrees of freedom
of a light beam. Hermite-Gaussian optical modes representing a quantum harmonic
oscillator are prepared in a thermal state and sent through an interferometer.
We show that the Fourier transform of the work distribution, or the
characteristic function, can be obtained by measuring the intensity at the
output of the interferometer. The usefulness of the approach is illustrated by
calculating the work distribution for a unitary operation that displaces the
linear momentum of the oscillator. We discuss the feasibility of the
experiment, which can be realized with simple linear optical components.


title:
Quantitative description of short-range order and its influence on the
  electronic structure in Ag-Pd alloys

abstract:
  We investigate the effect of short-range order (SRO) on the electronic
structure in alloys from the theoretical point of view using density of states
(DOS) data. In particular, the interaction between the atoms at different
lattice sites is affected by chemical disorder, which in turn is reflected in
the fine structure of the DOS and, hence, in the outcome of spectroscopic
measurements. We aim at quantifying the degree of potential SRO with a proper
parameter. The theoretical modeling is done with the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker
Green's function method. Therein, the extended multi-sublattice non-local
coherent potential approximation is used to include SRO. As a model system, we
use the binary solid solution Ag$_c$Pd$_{1-c}$ at three representative
concentrations $c=0.25$, $0.5$ and $0.75$. The degree of SRO is varied from
local ordering to local segregation through an intermediate completely
uncorrelated state. We observe some pronounced features, which change over the
whole energy range of the valence bands as a function of SRO in the alloy.
These spectral variations should be traceable in modern photoemission
experiments.


title:
Magneto-electrical orientation of lipid-coated graphitic micro-particles
  in solution

abstract:
  We demonstrate, for the first time, confinement of the orientation of
micron-sized graphitic flakes to a well-defined plane. We orient and
rotationally trap lipid-coated highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG)
micro-flakes in aqueous solution using a combination of uniform magnetic and AC
electric fields and exploiting the anisotropic diamagnetic and electrical
properties of HOPG. Measuring the rotational Brownian fluctuations of
individual oriented particles in rotational traps, we quantitatively determine
the rotational trap stiffness, maximum applied torque and polarization
anisotropy of the micro-flakes, as well as their dependency on the electric
field frequency. Additionally, we quantify interactions of the micro-particles
with adjacent glass surfaces with various surface treatments. We outline the
various applications of this work, including torque sensing in biological
systems.


title:
On a Simultaneous Approach to the Even and Odd Truncated Matricial
  Stieltjes Moment Problem I: An $\alpha$-Schur-Stieltjes-type algorithm for
  sequences of complex matrices

abstract:
  The characterization of the solvability of matrix versions of truncated
Stieltjes-type moment problems led to the class of $\alpha$-Stieltjes
non-negative definite sequences of complex $q \times q$ matrices. In [21], a
parametrization of this class was introduced, the so-called $\alpha$-Stieltjes
parametrization. The main topic of this first part of the paper is the
construction of a Schur-type algorithm which produces exactly the
$\alpha$-Stieltjes parametrization.


title:
Evolution of Flare Ribbons, Electric Currents and Quasi-separatrix
  Layers During an X-class Flare

abstract:
  The standard model for eruptive flares has in the past few years been
extended to 3D. It predicts typical J-shaped photospheric footprints of the
coronal current layer, forming at similar locations as the Quasi-Separatrix
Layers (QSLs). Such a morphology is also found for flare ribbons observed in
the EUV band, as well as in non-linear force-free field (NLFFF) magnetic field
extrapolations and models. We study the evolution of the photospheric traces of
the current density and flare ribbons, both obtained with the SDO instruments.
We investigate the photospheric current evolution during the 6 September 2011
X-class flare (SOL2011-09-06T22:20) from observational data of the magnetic
field obtained with HMI. This evolution is compared with that of the flare
ribbons observed in the EUV filters of the AIA. We also compare the observed
electric current density and the flare ribbon morphology with that of the QSLs
computed from the flux rope insertion method/NLFFF model.
  The NLFFF model shows the presence of a fan-spine configuration of overlying
field lines, due to the presence of a parasitic polarity, embedding an
elongated flux rope that appears in the observations as two parts of a
filament. The QSLs, evolved via a magnetofrictional method, also show similar
morphology and evolution as both the current ribbons and the EUV flare ribbons
obtained at several times during the flare. For the first time, we propose a
combined analysis of the photospheric traces of an eruptive flare, in a complex
topology, with direct measurements of electric currents and QSLs from
observational data and a magnetic field model. The results, obtained by two
different and independent approaches, 1) confirm previous results of current
increase during the impulsive phase of the flare, 2) show how NLFFF models can
capture the essential physical signatures of flares even in a complex magnetic
field topology.


title:
Implementation of $hp$-adaptive discontinuous finite element methods in
  Dune-Fem

abstract:
  In this paper we describe generic algorithms and data structures for the
implementation of $hp$-adaptive discontinuous finite element methods in the
Dune-Fem library. Special attention is given to the often tedious and
error-prone task of transferring user data during adaptation. Simultaneously,
we generalize the approach to the restriction and prolongation of data
currently implemented in Dune-Fem to the case of $p$- and $hp$-adaptation. The
dune-fem-hpdg module described in this paper provides an extensible reference
implementation of $hp$-adaptive discontinuous discrete function spaces. We give
details on its implementation and the extended adaptive interface. As proof of
concept we present the practical realization of an $hp$-adaptive interior
penalty method for elliptic problems.


title:
Learning Arbitrary Sum-Product Network Leaves with
  Expectation-Maximization

abstract:
  Sum-Product Networks with complex probability distribution at the leaves have
been shown to be powerful tractable-inference probabilistic models. However,
while learning the internal parameters has been amply studied, learning complex
leaf distribution is an open problem with only few results available in special
cases. In this paper we derive an efficient method to learn a very large class
of leaf distributions with Expectation-Maximization. The EM updates have the
form of simple weighted maximum likelihood problems, allowing to use any
distribution that can be learned with maximum likelihood, even approximately.
The algorithm has cost linear in the model size and converges even if only
partial optimizations are performed. We demonstrate this approach with
experiments on twenty real-life datasets for density estimation, using tree
graphical models as leaves. Our model outperforms state-of-the-art methods for
parameter learning despite using SPNs with much fewer parameters.


title: Epidemic extinction and control in heterogeneous networks

abstract:
  We consider epidemic extinction in finite networks with broad variation in
local connectivity. Generalizing the theory of large fluctuations to random
networks with a given degree distribution, we are able to predict the most
probable, or optimal, paths to extinction in various configurations, including
truncated power-laws. We find that paths for heterogeneous networks follow a
limiting form in which infection first decreases in low-degree nodes, which
triggers a rapid extinction in high- degree nodes, and finishes with a residual
low-degree extinction. The usefulness of the approach is further demonstrated
through optimal control strategies that leverage finite-size fluctuations.
Interestingly, we find that the optimal control is a mix of treating both high
and low-degree nodes based on large-fluctuation theoretical predictions.


title: The mean width of the oloid and integral geometric applications of it

abstract:
  The oloid is the convex hull of two circles with equal radius in
perpendicular planes so that the center of each circle lies on the other
circle. We calculate the mean width of the oloid in two ways, first via the
integral of mean curvature, and then directly. Using this result, the surface
area and the volume of the parallel body are obtained. Furthermore, we derive
the expectations of the mean width, the surface area and the volume of the
intersections of a fixed oloid and a moving ball, as well as of a fixed and a
moving oloid.


title: Induced dipole-dipole interactions in light diffusion from point dipoles

abstract:
  We develop a perturbative treatment of induced dipole-dipole interactions in
the diffusive transport of electromagnetic waves through disordered atomic
clouds. The approach is exact at order two in the atomic density and accounts
for the vector character of light. It is applied to the calculation of the
electromagnetic energy stored in the atomic cloud - which modifies the energy
transport velocity - and of the light scattering and transport mean free paths.
Results are compared to those obtained from a purely scalar model for light.


title: Integrable (2k)-Dimensional Hitchin Equations

abstract:
  This letter describes a completely-integrable system of Yang-Mills-Higgs
equations which generalizes the Hitchin equations on a Riemann surface to
arbitrary k-dimensional complex manifolds. The system arises as a dimensional
reduction of a set of integrable Yang-Mills equations in 4k real dimensions.
Our integrable system implies other generalizations such as the Simpson
equations and the non-abelian Seiberg-Witten equations. Some simple solutions
in the k=2 case are described.


abstract:
  Various forms of Mean Value Theorems are available in the literature. If we
use Flett's Mean Value Theorem in Extended Generalized Mean Value Theorem then
what would the new theorem look like. A sincere effort is done to develop this
theorem. This theorem is named as Extended Generalized Flett's Mean Value
Theorem.


title:
Shear Banding of Soft Glassy Materials in Large Amplitude Oscillatory
  Shear

abstract:
  We study shear banding in soft glassy materials subject to a large amplitude
oscillatory shear flow (LAOS). By numerical simulations of the widely used soft
glassy rheology model, supplemented by more general physical arguments, we
demonstrate strong banding over an extensive range of amplitudes and
frequencies of the imposed shear rate
$\dot{\gamma}(t)=\dot{\gamma}_0\cos(\omega t)$, even in materials that do not
permit banding as their steady state response to a steady imposed shear flow
$\dot{\gamma}=\dot{\gamma}_0=$const. Highly counterintuitively, banding
persists in LAOS even in the limit of zero frequency $\omega\to 0$, where one
might a priori have expected a homogeneous flow response (consistent with the
requirement of homogeneous flow for a strictly zero frequency steady imposed
shear flow). We explain this finding in terms of an alternating competition
within each cycle between glassy aging and flow rejuvenation. Our predictions
have far-reaching implications for the flow behavior of aging yield stress
fluids, suggesting a generic expectation of shear banding in flows of even
arbitrarily slow time variation.


title: A graphical interface for the Gromov--Witten theory of curves

abstract:
  We explore the explicit relationship between the descendant Gromov--Witten
theory of target curves, operators on Fock spaces, and tropical curve counting.
We prove a classical/tropical correspondence theorem for descendant invariants
and give an algorithm that establishes a tropical Gromov--Witten/Hurwitz
equivalence. Tropical curve counting is related to an algebra of operators on
the Fock space by means of bosonification. In this manner, tropical geometry
provides a convenient "graphical user interface" for Okounkov and
Pandharipande's celebrated GW/H correspondence. An important goal of this paper
is to spell out the connections between these various perspectives for target
dimension 1, as a first step in studying the analogous relationship between
logarithmic descendant theory, tropical curve counting, and Fock space
formalisms in higher dimensions.


title:
Imaging of anomalous internal reflections of hyperbolic
  phonon-polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride

abstract:
  We use scanning near-field optical microscopy to study the response of
hexagonal boron nitride nanocones at infrared frequencies, where this material
behaves as a hyperbolic medium. The obtained images are dominated by a series
of hot rings that occur on the sloped sidewalls of the nanocones. The ring
positions depend on the incident laser frequency and the nanocone shape. Both
dependences are consistent with directional propagation of hyperbolic phonon
polariton rays that are launched at the edges and zigzag through the interior
of the nanocones, sustaining multiple internal reflections off the sidewalls.
Additionally, we observe a strong overall enhancement of the near-field signal
at discrete resonance frequencies. These resonances attest to low dielectric
losses that permit coherent standing waves of the sub-diffractional polaritons
to form. We comment on potential applications of such shape-dependent
resonances and the field concentration at the hot rings.


title:
Four-jet production in kt-factorization: single and double parton
  scattering

abstract:
  We present a preliminary study of both Single and Double Parton Scattering
contributions to the inclusive 4-jet production in the kt-factorization
framework at Leading Order and $E_{CM} = 7$ TeV. We compare our results to
collinear results in the literature and to the ATLAS and CMS data at 8 and 7
TeV respectively. We also discuss the importance of double parton scattering
for relatively soft cuts on the jet transverse momenta and find out that
symmetric cuts do not quite suit well to kt-factorization predictions, because
of a kinematic effect suppressing the double parton scattering contribution.


title: Scattering of gravity waves in subcritical flows over an obstacle

abstract:
  We numerically study the scattering coefficients of linear water waves on
stationary flows above a localized obstacle. We compare the scattering on
trans- and subcritical flows, and then focus on the latter which have been used
in recent analog gravity experiments. The main difference concerns the
magnitude of the mode amplification: whereas transcritical flows display a
large amplification (which is generally in good agreement with the Hawking
prediction), this effect is heavily suppressed in subcritical flows. This is
due to the transmission across the obstacle for frequencies less than some
critical value. As a result, subcritical flows display high- and low-frequency
behaviors separated by a narrow band around the critical frequency. In the
low-frequency regime, transmission of long wavelengths is accompanied by
non-adiabatic scattering into short wavelengths, whose spectrum is
approximately linear in frequency. By contrast, in the high-frequency regime,
no simple description seems to exist. In particular, for obstacles similar to
those recently used, we observe that the upstream slope still affects the
scattering on the downstream side because of some residual transmission.


title:
Irreducible decomposition of strain gradient tensor in isotropic strain
  gradient elasticity

abstract:
  In isotropic strain gradient elasticity, we decompose the strain gradient
tensor into its irreducible pieces under the n-dimensional orthogonal group
O(n). Using the Young tableau method for traceless tensors, four irreducible
pieces (n>2), which are canonical, are obtained. In three dimensions, the
strain gradient tensor can be decomposed into four irreducible pieces with
7+5+3+3 independent components whereas in two dimensions, the strain gradient
tensor can be decomposed into three irreducible pieces with 2+2+2 independent
components. The knowledge of these irreducible pieces is extremely useful when
setting up constitutive relations and strain energy.