title:
Divide and Congruence II: From Decomposition of Modal Formulas to
  Preservation of Delay and Weak Bisimilarity

abstract:
  Earlier we presented a method to decompose modal formulas for processes with
the internal action $\tau$, and congruence formats for branching and
$\eta$-bisimilarity were derived on the basis of this decomposition method. The
idea is that a congruence format for a semantics must ensure that the formulas
in the modal characterisation of this semantics are always decomposed into
formulas that are again in this modal characterisation. In this follow-up paper
the decomposition method is enhanced to deal with modal characterisations that
contain a modality $\langle\epsilon\rangle\langle a\rangle\phi$, to derive
congruence formats for delay and weak bisimilarity.


title:
Differential Refractive index sensor based on Photonic molecules and
  defect cavities

abstract:
  We present a novel differential refractive index sensor based on arrays of
photonic molecules (PM) of dielectric cylinders and two structural defect
cavities. The transmission spectrum of the photonic proposed structure as
sensor shows a wide photonic stop band with two localized states. One of them,
the reference state, is bound to a decagonal ring of cylinders and the other,
the sensing state, to the defect cavities of the lattice. It is shown that
defect mode is very sensitive to the presence of materials with dielectric
permittivity different from that of the surrounding cylinders while the state
in the PM is not affected by their presence. This behavior allows to design a
device for sensing applications. A prototype of the sensor, in the microwave
region, was built using a matrix of 3x2 PM arrays made of soda-lime glass
cylinders (dielectric permittivity of 4.5). The transmission spectra was
measured in the microwave range (8-12 GHz) with samples of different refractive
index inserted in the defect cavities. Simulations with Finite Integration
time-domain Method are in good agreement with experiments. We find that the
response of the sensor is linear. Device measurement range is determined by the
dielectric constant of the cylinders that make up the device. The results here
presented in the microwave region can be extrapolated to the visible range due
to scale invariance of Maxwell equations. This make our prototype a promising
structure as sensor also in the optical range.


title: Sleeping Beauties in Meme Diffusion

abstract:
  A sleeping beauty in diffusion indicates that the information, can be ideas
or innovations, will experience a hibernation before a sudden spike of
popularity and it is widely found in citation history of scientific
publications. However, in this study, we demonstrate that the sleeping beauty
is an interesting and unexceptional phenomenon in information diffusion and
even more inspiring, there exist two consecutive sleeping beauties in the
entire lifetime of propagation, suggesting that the information, including
scientific topics, search queries or Wikipedia entries, which we call memes,
will go unnoticed for a period and suddenly attracts some attention, and then
it falls asleep again and later wakes up with another unexpected popularity
peak. Further explorations on this phenomenon show that intervals between two
wake ups follow an exponential distribution and the second wake up generally
reaches its peak at a higher velocity. In addition, higher volume of the first
wake up will lead to even much higher popularity of the second wake up with
great odds. Taking these findings into consideration, an upgraded Bass model is
presented to well describe the diffusion dynamics of memes on different media.
Our results can help understand the common mechanism behind propagation of
different memes and are instructive to locate the tipping point in marketing or
find innovative publications in science.


title:
A Characterisation of the Fourier transform on the Schwartz-Bruhat space
  of locally compact Abelian groups

abstract:
  We obtain a characterisation of the Fourier transform on the space of
Schwartz-Bruhat functions on locally compact Abelian groups. The result states
that any appropriately additive bijection of the Schwartz space onto itself,
which interchanges convolution and pointwise products is essentially the
Fourier transform. The proof of this result is very similar to that obtained by
the author recently for the Euclidean Fourier transform.


title:
Weak localization effect in topological insulator micro flakes grown on
  insulating ferrimagnet BaFe12O19

abstract:
  Many exotic physics anticipated in topological insulators require a gap to be
opened for their topologica surface states by breaking time reversal symmetry.
The gap opening has been achieved by doping magnetic impurities, which however
inevitably create extra carriers and disorder that undermine the electronic
transport. In contrast, the proximity to a ferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic
insulator may improve the device quality, thus promises a better way to open
the gap while minimizing the side-effects. Here, we grow thin single-crystal
Sb1.9Bi0.1Te3 micro flakes on insulating ferrimagnet BaFe12O19 by using the van
der Waals epitaxy technique. The micro flakes show a negative magnetoresistance
in weak perpendicular fields below 50 K, which can be quenched by increasing
temperature. The signature implies the weak localization effect as its origin,
which is absent in intrinsic topological insulators, unless a surface state gap
is opened. The surface state gap is estimated to be 10 meV by using the theory
of the gap-induced weak localization effect. These results indicate that the
magnetic proximity effect may open the gap for the topological surface attached
to BaM insulating ferrimagnet. This heterostructure may pave the way for the
realization of new physical effects as well as the potential applications of
spintronics devices.


title: The $p$-Center Problem in Tree Networks Revisited

abstract:
  We present two improved algorithms for weighted discrete $p$-center problem
for tree networks with $n$ vertices. One of our proposed algorithms runs in
$O(n \log n + p \log^2 n \log(n/p))$ time. For all values of $p$, our algorithm
thus runs as fast as or faster than the most efficient $O(n\log^2 n)$ time
algorithm obtained by applying Cole's speed-up technique [cole1987] to the
algorithm due to Megiddo and Tamir [megiddo1983], which has remained
unchallenged for nearly 30 years. Our other algorithm, which is more practical,
runs in $O(n \log n + p^2 \log^2(n/p))$ time, and when $p=O(\sqrt{n})$ it is
faster than Megiddo and Tamir's $O(n \log^2n \log\log n)$ time algorithm
[megiddo1983].


title: Probing dark particles indirectly at the CEPC

abstract:
  When dark matter candidate and its parent particles are nearly degenerate, it
would be difficult to probe them at the Large Hadron Collider directly. We
propose to explore their quantum loop effects at the CEPC through the golden
channel process $e^+e^-\to \mu^+\mu^-$. We use a renormalizable toy model
consisting of a new scalar and a fermion to describe new physics beyond the
Standard Model. The new scalar and fermion are general multiplets of the
$SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ symmetry, and couple to the muon lepton through Yukawa
interaction. We calculate their loop contributions to anomalous
$\gamma\mu^+\mu^-$ and $Z\mu^+\mu^-$ couplings which can be applied to many new
physics models. The prospects of their effects at the CEPC are also examined
assuming a 0.002 accuracy in the cross section measurement.


title:
High-velocity OH megamasers in IRAS 20100-4156: Evidence for a
  Supermassive Black Hole

abstract:
  We report the discovery of new, high-velocity narrow-line components of the
OH megamaser in IRAS 20100-4156. Results from the Australian Square Kilometre
Array Pathfinder (ASKAP)'s Boolardy Engineering Test Array (BETA) and the
Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) provide two independent measurements
of the OH megamaser spectrum. We found evidence for OH megamaser clumps at
$-$409 and $-$562 km/s (blue-shifted) from the systemic velocity of the galaxy,
in addition to the lines previously known. The presence of such high velocities
in the molecular emission from IRAS 20100$-$4156 could be explained by a ~50 pc
molecular ring enclosing an approximately 3.8 billion solar mass black hole. We
also discuss two alternatives, i.e. that the narrow-line masers are dynamically
coupled to the wind driven by the active galactic nucleus or they are
associated with two separate galactic nuclei. The comparison between the BETA
and ATCA spectra provides another scientific verification of ASKAP's BETA. Our
data, combined with previous measurements of the source enabled us to study the
variability of the source over a twenty-six year period. The flux density of
the brightest OH maser components has reduced by more than a factor of two
between 1988 and 2015, whereas a secondary narrow-line component has more than
doubled in the same time. Plans for high-resolution VLBI follow-up of this
source are discussed, as are prospects for discovering new OH megamasers during
the ASKAP early science program.


title:
New orbit recalculations of comet C/1890 F1 Brooks and its dynamical
  evolution

abstract:
  C/1890 F1 Brooks belongs to a group of nineteen comets used by Jan Oort to
support his famous hypothesis on the existence of a spherical cloud containing
hundreds of billions of comets with orbits of semimajor axes between 50 and 150
thousand au. Comet Brooks stands out from this group because of a long series
of astrometric observations as well as nearly two-year long observational arc.
Rich observational material makes this comet an ideal target for testing the
rationality of an effort to recalculate astrometric positions on the basis of
original (comet-star)-measurements using modern star catalogues. This paper
presents the results of such new analysis based on two different methods: (i)
automatic re-reduction based on cometary positions and the
(comet-star)-measurements, and (ii) partially automatic re-reduction based on
the contemporary data for originally used reference stars. We show that both
methods offer a significant reduction of orbital elements uncertainties. Based
on the most preferred orbital solution, the dynamical evolution of comet Brooks
during three consecutive perihelion passages is discussed. We conclude that
C/1890 F1 is a dynamically old comet that passed the Sun at a distance below 5
au during its previous perihelion passage. Furthermore, its next perihelion
passage will be a little closer than during the 1890-1892 apparition. C/1890 F1
is interesting also because it suffered extremely small planetary perturbations
when it travelled through the planetary zone. Therefore, in the next passage
through perihelion it will be once again a comet from the Oort spike.


title: A Wised Routing Protocols for Leo Satellite Networks

abstract:
  This Study proposes a routing strategy of combining a packet scheduling with
congestion control policy that applied for LEO satellite network with high
speed and multiple traffic. It not only ensures the QoS of different traffic,
but also can avoid low priority traffic to be "starve" due to their weak
resource competitiveness, thus it guarantees the throughput and performance of
the network. In the end, we set up a LEO satellite network simulation platform
in OPNET to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


title:
Incompatibility of Efficiency and Strategyproofness in the Random
  Assignment Setting with Indifferences

abstract:
  A fundamental resource allocation setting is the random assignment problem in
which agents express preferences over objects that are then randomly allocated
to the agents. In 2001, Bogomolnaia and Moulin presented the probabilistic
serial (PS) mechanism that is an anonymous, neutral, Pareto optimal, and weak
strategyproof mechanism when the preferences are considered with respect to
stochastic dominance. The result holds when agents have strict preferences over
individual objects. It has been an open problem whether there exists a
mechanism that satisfies the same properties when agents may have indifference
among the objects. We show that for this more general domain, there exists no
extension of PS that is ex post efficient and weak strategyproof. The result is
surprising because it does not even require additional symmetry or fairness
conditions such as anonymity, neutrality, or equal treatment of equals. Our
result further demonstrates that the lack of weak SD-strategyproofness of the
extended PS mechanism of Katta and Sethuraman (2006) is not a design flaw of
extended PS but is due to an inherent incompatibility of efficiency and
strategyproofness of PS in the full preference domain.


title: Efficient X-ray generation from gold colloidal solutions

abstract:
  Hard X-ray generation for Au nanoparticle dispersion was systematically
investigated for different particle diameters ranging from 10 to 100 nm with a
narrow size distribution of +/- 2%. Scaling law of X-ray generation is close to
a 6-photon process before the onset of saturation for excitation by 45 fs laser
pulses with central wavelength of 800 nm. This is consistent with bulk plasmon
excitation at wavelength ~ 138 nm. The longitudinal E-field component due to
nanoparticle focusing is responsible for the excitation of the longitudinal
bulk plasmon. The proposed analysis also explains X-ray emission from water
breakdown via an electron solvation mechanism at ~6.2 eV. The most efficient
emission of X-rays was observed for 40 +/- 10 nm diameter nanoparticles which
also had the strongest UV extinction. X-ray emission was the most efficient
when induced by pre-chirped 370 +/- 20 fs laser pulses and exhibited the
highest intensity at a negative chirp.


abstract:
  We study Ramanujan-Fourier series of certain arithmetic functions of two
variables. We generalize Delange's theorem to the case of arithmetic functions
of two variables and give sufficient conditions for pointwise convergence of
Ramanujan-Fourier series of arithmetic functions of two variables. We also give
several examples which are not obtained by trivial generalizations of results
on Ramanujan-Fourier series of functions of one variable.


title:
Taming Energy Cost of Disk Encryption Software on Data-Intensive Mobile
  Devices

abstract:
  Disk encryption is frequently used to secure confidential data on mobile
devices. However, the high energy cost of disk encryption poses a heavy burden
on those devices with limited battery capacity especially when a large amount
of data needs to be protected by disk encryption. To address the challenge, we
develop a new kernel-level disk encryption software, Populus. Almost 98% of
Populus's encryption/decryption computation is not related with the input
plaintext/ciphertext, so we accomplish the computation in advance during
initialization when a consistent power supply is available. We conduct
cryptanalysis on Populus and finally conclude that state-of-the-art
cryptanalysis techniques fail to break Populus in reasonable computational
complexity. We also conduct energy consumption experiments on Populus and
dm-crypt, a famous disk encryption software for Android and Linux mobile
devices. The experimental results demonstrate that Populus consumes 50%-70%
less energy than dm-crypt.


title: Lattice constraints on the thermal photon rate

abstract:
  We estimate the photon production rate from an SU(3) plasma at temperatures
of about 1.1Tc and 1.3Tc. Lattice results for the vector current correlator at
spatial momenta k ~ (2-6)T are extrapolated to the continuum limit and analyzed
with the help of a polynomial interpolation for the corresponding spectral
function, which vanishes at zero frequency and matches to high-precision
perturbative results at large invariant masses. For small invariant masses the
interpolation is compared with the NLO weak-coupling result, hydrodynamics, and
a holographic model. At vanishing invariant mass we extract the photon rate
which for k \gsim 3T is found to be close to the NLO weak-coupling prediction.
For k \lsim 2T uncertainties remain large but the photon rate is likely to fall
below the NLO prediction, in accordance with the onset of a strongly
interacting behaviour characteristic of the hydrodynamic regime.


title:
An Efficient Hybrid Route-Path Planning Model For Dynamic Task
  Allocation and Safe Maneuvering of an Underwater Vehicle in a Realistic
  Environment

abstract:
  This paper presents a hybrid route-path planning model for an Autonomous
Underwater Vehicle's task assignment and management while the AUV is operating
through the variable littoral waters. Several prioritized tasks distributed in
a large scale terrain is defined first; then, considering the limitations over
the mission time, vehicle's battery, uncertainty and variability of the
underlying operating field, appropriate mission timing and energy management is
undertaken. The proposed objective is fulfilled by incorporating a
route-planner that is in charge of prioritizing the list of available tasks
according to available battery and a path-planer that acts in a smaller scale
to provide vehicle's safe deployment against environmental sudden changes. The
synchronous process of the task assign-route and path planning is simulated
using a specific composition of Differential Evolution and Firefly Optimization
(DEFO) Algorithms. The simulation results indicate that the proposed hybrid
model offers efficient performance in terms of completion of maximum number of
assigned tasks while perfectly expending the minimum energy, provided by using
the favorable current flow, and controlling the associated mission time. The
Monte-Carlo test is also performed for further analysis. The corresponding
results show the significant robustness of the model against uncertainties of
the operating field and variations of mission conditions.


title: A pedagogic review on designing model topological insulators

abstract:
  Following the centuries old concept of the quantization of flux through a
Gaussian curvature (Euler characteristic) and its successive dispersal into
various condensed matter properties such as quantum Hall effect, and
topological invariants, we can establish a simple and fairly universal
understanding of various modern topological insulators (TIs). Formation of a
periodic lattice (which is a non-trivial Gaussian curvature) of 'cyclotron
orbits' with applied magnetic field, or 'chiral orbits' with fictitious
'momentum space magnetic field' (Berry curvature) guarantees its flux
quantization, and thus integer quantum Hall (IQH), and quantum spin-Hall (QSH)
insulators, respectively, occur. The bulk-boundary correspondence associated
with all classes of TIs dictates that some sort of pumping or polarization of a
'quantity' at the boundary must be associated with the flux quantization or
topological invariant in the bulk. Unlike charge or spin polarizations at the
edge for IQH and QSH states, the time-reversal (TR) invariant Z2 TIs pump a
mathematical quantity called 'TR polarization' to the surface. This requires
that the valence electron's wavefunction (say, {\psi}_{\uparrow} (k)) switches
to its TR conjugate ({\psi}_{\downarrow}^* (-k)) odd number of times in half of
the Brillouin zone. These two universal features can be considered as 'targets'
to design and predict various TIs. For example, we demonstrate that when two
adjacent atomic chains or layers are assembled with opposite spin-orbit
coupling (SOC), serving as the TR partner to each other, the system naturally
becomes a Z2 TI. This review delivers a holistic overview on various concepts,
computational schemes, and engineering principles of TIs.


title: Towards Miss Universe Automatic Prediction: The Evening Gown Competition

abstract:
  Can we predict the winner of Miss Universe after watching how they stride
down the catwalk during the evening gown competition? Fashion gurus say they
can! In our work, we study this question from the perspective of computer
vision. In particular, we want to understand whether existing computer vision
approaches can be used to automatically extract the qualities exhibited by the
Miss Universe winners during their catwalk. This study can pave the way towards
new vision-based applications for the fashion industry. To this end, we propose
a novel video dataset, called the Miss Universe dataset, comprising 10 years of
the evening gown competition selected between 1996-2010. We further propose two
ranking-related problems: (1) Miss Universe Listwise Ranking and (2) Miss
Universe Pairwise Ranking. In addition, we also develop an approach that
simultaneously addresses the two proposed problems. To describe the videos we
employ the recently proposed Stacked Fisher Vectors in conjunction with robust
local spatio-temporal features. From our evaluation we found that although the
addressed problems are extremely challenging, the proposed system is able to
rank the winner in the top 3 best predicted scores for 5 out of 10 Miss
Universe competitions.


title: Optomechanical many-body cooling using frustration

abstract:
  We show that the vibrations of an ion Coulomb crystal can be cooled to the
zero-point motion through the optomechanical coupling with a high-finesse
cavity. Cooling results from the interplay between coherent scattering of
cavity photons by the ions, which dynamically modifies the vibrational
spectrum, and cavity losses, that dissipate motional energy. The cooling
mechanism we propose requires that the length scales of the crystal and the
cavity are mismatched so that the system is intrinsically frustrated, leading
to the formation of defects (kinks). When the pump is strong enough, the
anti-Stokes sidebands of all vibrational modes can be simultaneously driven.
These dynamics can be used to prepare ultracold chains of dozens of ions within
tens of milliseconds in state-of-the-art experimental setups. In addition, we
identify parameter regimes of the optomechanical interactions where individual
localized modes can be selectively manipulated, and monitored through the light
at the cavity output. These dynamics exemplify robust quantum reservoir
engineering of strongly-correlated mesoscopic systems and could find
applications in optical cooling of solids.


title:
Towards a Unified Resilience Analysis: State Estimation against
  Integrity Attacks

abstract:
  We consider the problem of resilient state estimation in the presence of
integrity attacks. There are m sensors monitoring the state and p of them are
under attack. The sensory data collected by the compromised sensors can be
manipulated arbitrarily by the attacker. The classical estimators such as the
least squares estimator may not provide a reliable estimate under the so-called
(p,m)-sparse attack. In this work, we are not restricting our efforts in
studying whether any specific estimator is resilient to the attack or not, but
instead we aim to present the generic sufficient and necessary conditions for
resilience by considering a general class of convex optimization based
estimators. The sufficient and necessary conditions are shown to be tight, with
a trivial gap. We further specialize our result to scalar sensor measurements
case and present some conservative but verifiable results for practical use.
Experimental simulations tested on the IEEE 14-bus test system validate the
theoretical analysis.


title: Solvability for semisimple Hopf algebras via integrals

abstract:
  We use integrals of left coideal subalgebras to develop Harmonic analysis for
semisimple Hopf algebras. We show how $N^*,$ the space of functional on $N,$ is
embedded in $H^*.$ We define a bilinear form on $N^*$ and show that irreducible
$N$-characters are orthogonal with respect to that form. We then give an
explicit formula for induced characters of $N$ and show how the induced
characters are embedded in $R(H).$
  In the second part we give an intrinsic definition for solvable semisimple
Hopf algebras via left coideal subalgebras and their integrals. We show how
this definition generalizes solvability for finite groups. In particular,
commutative and nilpotent Hopf algebras are solvable. We finally prove an
analogue of Burnside theorem: A semisimple quasitriangular Hopf algebras of
dimension $p^aq^b$ is solvable.


title:
Thermoelectric energy converters under a trade-off figure of merit with
  broken time-reversal symmetry

abstract:
  We study the performance of a three-terminal thermoelectric device such as
heat engine and refrigerator with broken time-reversal symmetry by applying the
unified trade-off figure of merit ($\dot{\Omega}$ criterion) which accounts for
both useful energy and losses. For heat engine, we find that a thermoelectric
device working under the maximum $\dot{\Omega}$ criterion gives a significantly
better performance than a device working at maximum power output. Within the
framework of linear irreversible thermodynamics such a direct comparison is not
possible for refrigerators, however, our study indicates that, for
refrigerator, the maximum cooling load gives a better performance than the
maximum $\dot{\Omega}$ criterion for a larger asymmetry. Our results can be
useful to choose a suitable optimization criterion for operating a real
thermoelectric device with broken time-reversal symmetry.


title:
First principles studies of the Gilbert damping and exchange
  interactions for half-metallic Heuslers alloys

abstract:
  Heusler alloys have been intensively studied due to the wide variety of
properties that they exhibit. One of these properties is of particular interest
for technological applications, i.e. the fact that some Heusler alloys are
half-metallic. In the following, a systematic study of the magnetic properties
of three different Heusler families $\textrm{Co}_2\textrm{Mn}\textrm{Z}$,
$\text{Co}_2\text{Fe}\text{Z}$ and $\textrm{Mn}_2\textrm{V}\textrm{Z}$ with
$\text{Z}=\left(\text{Al, Si, Ga, Ge}\right)$ is performed. A key aspect is the
determination of the Gilbert damping from first principles calculations, with
special focus on the role played by different approximations, the effect that
substitutional disorder and temperature effects. Heisenberg exchange
interactions and critical temperature for the alloys are also calculated as
well as magnon dispersion relations for representative systems, the
ferromagnetic $\textrm{Co}_2\textrm{Fe}\textrm{Si}$ and the ferrimagnetic
$\textrm{Mn}_2\textrm{V}\textrm{Al}$. Correlations effects beyond standard
density-functional theory are treated using both the local spin density
approximation including the Hubbard $U$ and the local spin density
approximation plus dynamical mean field theory approximation, which allows to
determine if dynamical self-energy corrections can remedy some of the
inconsistencies which were previously reported for these alloys.


title: The Complexity of Rummikub Problems

abstract:
  Rummikub is a tile-based game in which each player starts with a hand of $14$
tiles. A tile has a value and a suit. The players form sets consisting of tiles
with the same suit and consecutive values (runs) or tiles with the same value
and different suits (groups). The corresponding optimization problem is, given
a hand of tiles, to form valid sets such that the score (sum of tile values) is
maximized. We first present an algorithm that solves this problem in polynomial
time. Next, we analyze the impact on the computational complexity when we
generalize over various input parameters. Finally, we attempt to better
understand some aspects involved in human play by means of an experiment that
considers counting problems related to the number of possible immediately
winning hands.


title:
A New Approach in Persian Handwritten Letters Recognition Using Error
  Correcting Output Coding

abstract:
  Classification Ensemble, which uses the weighed polling of outputs, is the
art of combining a set of basic classifiers for generating high-performance,
robust and more stable results. This study aims to improve the results of
identifying the Persian handwritten letters using Error Correcting Output
Coding (ECOC) ensemble method. Furthermore, the feature selection is used to
reduce the costs of errors in our proposed method. ECOC is a method for
decomposing a multi-way classification problem into many binary classification
tasks; and then combining the results of the subtasks into a hypothesized
solution to the original problem. Firstly, the image features are extracted by
Principal Components Analysis (PCA). After that, ECOC is used for
identification the Persian handwritten letters which it uses Support Vector
Machine (SVM) as the base classifier. The empirical results of applying this
ensemble method using 10 real-world data sets of Persian handwritten letters
indicate that this method has better results in identifying the Persian
handwritten letters than other ensemble methods and also single
classifications. Moreover, by testing a number of different features, this
paper found that we can reduce the additional cost in feature selection stage
by using this method.


title: Partially Ordering Unknotting Operations

abstract:
  In this paper, we introduce an equivalence relation on the set of local moves
and classify local moves, called the extended $ST$-moves, up to the
equivalence. Moreover, by inducing a binary relation on the set of equivalence
classes of local moves, we show that an extended $ST$-move realizes the
crossing change or the $SH(2)$-move. In addition, for any oriented knot and two
extended $ST$-moves, we disscus the magnitude relation between the unknotting
numbers of the knot via the moves, and show that there is an extended $ST$-move
except $SH$-moves so that the knot can be transformed into the trivial knot by
the single extended $ST$-move. Finally, we provide some examples of $ST$-moves
with the binary relation.


title:
Linear models for the impact of order flow on prices II. The Mixture
  Transition Distribution model

abstract:
  Modeling the impact of the order flow on asset prices is of primary
importance to understand the behavior of financial markets. Part I of this
paper reported the remarkable improvements in the description of the price
dynamics which can be obtained when one incorporates the impact of past returns
on the future order flow. However, impact models presented in Part I consider
the order flow as an exogenous process, only characterized by its two-point
correlations. This assumption seriously limits the forecasting ability of the
model. Here we attempt to model directly the stream of discrete events with a
so-called Mixture Transition Distribution (MTD) framework, introduced
originally by Raftery (1985). We distinguish between price-changing and non
price-changing events and combine them with the order sign in order to reduce
the order flow dynamics to the dynamics of a four-state discrete random
variable. The MTD represents a parsimonious approximation of a full high-order
Markov chain. The new approach captures with adequate realism the conditional
correlation functions between signed events for both small and large tick
stocks and signature plots. From a methodological viewpoint, we discuss a novel
and flexible way to calibrate a large class of MTD models with a very large
number of parameters. In spite of this large number of parameters, an
out-of-sample analysis confirms that the model does not overfit the data.


title: Trading coherence and entropy by a quantum Maxwell demon

abstract:
  The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy of a closed system
is non-decreasing. Discussing the Second Law in the quantum world poses new
challenges and provides new opportunities, involving fundamental
quantum-information-theoretic questions and novel quantum-engineered devices.
In quantum mechanics, systems with an evolution described by a so-called unital
quantum channel evolve with a non-decreasing entropy. Here, we seek the
opposite, a system described by a non-unital and, furthermore,
energy-conserving channel that describes a system whose entropy decreases with
time. We propose a setup involving a mesoscopic four-lead scatterer augmented
by a micro-environment in the form of a spin that realizes this goal. Within
this non-unital and energy-conserving quantum channel, the micro-environment
acts with two non-commuting operations on the system in an autonomous way. We
find, that the process corresponds to a partial exchange or swap between the
system and environment quantum states, with the system's entropy decreasing if
the environment's state is more pure. This entropy-decreasing process is
naturally expressed through the action of a quantum Maxwell demon and we
propose a quantum-thermodynamic engine with four qubits that extracts work from
a single heat reservoir when provided with a reservoir of pure qubits. The
special feature of this engine, which derives from the energy-conservation in
the non-unital quantum channel, is its separation into two cycles, a working
cycle and an entropy cycle, allowing to run this engine with no local waste
heat.


title: Formation, Orbital and Internal Evolutions of Young Planetary Systems

abstract:
  The growing body of observational data on extrasolar planets and
protoplanetary disks has stimulated intense research on planet formation and
evolution in the past few years. The extremely diverse, sometimes unexpected
physical and orbital characteristics of exoplanets lead to frequent updates on
the mainstream scenarios for planet formation and evolution, but also to the
exploration of alternative avenues. The aim of this review is to bring together
classical pictures and new ideas on the formation, orbital and internal
evolutions of planets, highlighting the key role of the protoplanetary disk in
the various parts of the theory. We begin by briefly reviewing the conventional
mechanism of core accretion by the growth of planetesimals, and discuss a
relatively recent model of core growth through the accretion of pebbles. We
review the basic physics of planet-disk interactions, recent progress in this
area, and discuss their role in observed planetary systems. We address the most
important effects of planets internal evolution, like cooling and contraction,
the mass-luminosity relation, and the bulk composition expressed in the
mass-radius and mass-mean density relations.


title: The {\L}ojasiewicz-Simon gradient inequality for open elastic curves

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the elastic energy for open curves in Euclidean
space subject to clamped boundary conditions and obtain the \L ojasiewicz-Simon
gradient inequality for this energy functional. Thanks to this inequality we
can prove that a (suitably reparametrized) solution to the associated
$L^2$-gradient flow converges for large time to an elastica, that is to a
critical point of the functional.


title: Bounds on the Error Probability of Raptor Codes

abstract:
  In this paper q-ary Raptor codes under ML decoding are considered. An upper
bound on the probability of decoding failure is derived using the weight
enumerator of the outer code, or its expected weight enumerator if the outer
code is drawn randomly from some ensemble of codes. The bound is shown to be
tight by means of simulations. This bound provides a new insight into Raptor
codes since it shows how Raptor codes can be analyzed similarly to a classical
fixed-rate serial concatenation.


title:
Achievable Sum Rates of Half- and Full-Duplex Bidirectional OFDM
  Communication Links

abstract:
  While full-duplex (FD) transmission has the potential to double the system
capacity, its substantial benefit can be offset by the self-interference (SI)
and non-ideality of practical transceivers. In this paper, we investigate the
achievable sum rates (ASRs) of half-duplex (HD) and FD transmissions with
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), where the non-ideality is
taken into consideration. Four transmission strategies are considered, namely
HD with uniform power allocation (UPA), HD with non-UPA (NUPA), FD with UPA,
and FD with NUPA. For each of the four transmission strategies, an optimization
problem is formulated to maximize its ASR, and a (suboptimal/optimal) solution
with low complexity is accordingly derived. Performance evaluations and
comparisons are conducted for three typical channels, namely symmetric
frequency-flat/selective and asymmetric frequency-selective channels. Results
show that the proposed solutions for both HD and FD transmissions can achieve
near optimal performances. For FD transmissions, the optimal solution can be
obtained under typical conditions. In addition, several observations are made
on the ASR performances of HD and FD transmissions.


title:
X-ray polarimetric signatures induced by spectral variability in the
  framework of the receding torus model

abstract:
  Obscuring circumnuclear dust is a well-established constituent of active
galactic nuclei (AGN). Traditionally referred to as the receding dusty torus,
its inner radius and angular extension should depend on the photo-ionizing
luminosity of the central source. Using a Monte Carlo approach, we simulate the
radiative transfer between the multiple components of an AGN adopting model
constraints from the bright Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151. We compare our model
results to the observed near-IR to UV polarization of the source and predict
its X-ray polarization. We find that the 2-8 keV polarization fraction of a
standard AGN model varies from less then a few percent along polar viewing
angles up to tens of percent at equatorial inclinations. At viewing angles
around the type-1/type-2 transition the X-ray polarization variability differs
between a static or a receding torus scenario. In the former case, the expected
2-8 keV polarization of NGC 4151 is found to be 1.21% +/- 0.34% with a constant
polarization position angle, while in the later scenario it varies from 0.1% to
6% depending on the photon index of the primary radiation. Additionally, an
orthogonal rotation of the polarization position angle with photon energy
appears for very soft primary spectra. Future X-ray polarimetry missions will
be able to test if the receding model is valid for Seyfert galaxies seen at a
viewing angle close to the torus horizon. The overall stability of the
polarization position angle for photon indexes softer than {\Gamma} = 1.5
ensures that reliable measurements of X-ray polarization are possible. We
derive a long-term observational strategy for NGC 4151 assuming observations
with a small to medium-size X-ray polarimetry satellite.


title:
Geometry of Lagrangian self-shrinking tori and applications to the
  Piecewise Lagrangian Mean Curvature Flow

abstract:
  We study geometric properties of the Lagrangian self-shrinking tori in
$\mathbb R^4$. When the area is bounded above uniformly, we prove that the
entropy for the Lagrangian self-shrinking tori can only take finitely many
values; this is done by deriving a {\L}ojasiewicz-Simon type gradient
inequality for the branched conformal self-shrinking tori and then combining
with the compactness theorem in \cite{CMa}. When the area bound is small, we
show that any Lagrangian self-shrinking torus in $\mathbb R^4$ with small area
is embedded with uniform curvature estimates, and the space of such tori is
compact.
  Using the finiteness of entropy values, we construct a piecewise Lagrangian
mean curvature flow for Lagrangian immersed tori in $\mathbb R^4$, along which
the Lagrangian condition is preserved, area is decreasing, and the type I
singularities that are compact with a fixed area upper bound can be perturbed
away in finite steps. This is a Lagrangian version of the construction for
embedded surfaces in $\mathbb R^3$ in \cite{CM}.


title: A Retraction Theorem for Distributed Synthesis

abstract:
  We present a general theorem for distributed synthesis problems in
coordination games with $\omega$-regular objectives of the form: If there
exists a winning strategy for the coalition, then there exists an "essential"
winning strategy, that is obtained by a retraction of the given one. In
general, this does not lead to finite-state winning strategies, but when the
knowledge of agents remains bounded, we can solve the synthesis problem. Our
study is carried out in a setting where objectives are expressed in terms of
events that may \emph{not} be observable. This is natural in games of imperfect
information, rather than the common assumption that objectives are expressed in
terms of events that are observable to all agents. We characterise decidable
distributed synthesis problems in terms of finiteness of knowledge states and
finite congruence classes induced by them.


title: Chemical Potential Calculations In Dense Liquids Using Metadynamics

abstract:
  The calculation of chemical potential has traditionally been a challenge in
atomistic simulations. One of the most used approaches is Widom's insertion
method in which the chemical potential is calculated by periodically attempting
to insert an extra particle in the system. In dense systems this method fails
since the insertion probability is very low. In this paper we show that in a
homogeneous fluid the insertion probability can be increased using
metadynamics. We test our method on a supercooled high density binary
Lennard-Jones fluid. We find that we can obtain efficiently converged results
even when Widom's method fails.


title: The Cohomology of canonical quotients of free groups and Lyndon words

abstract:
  For a prime number $p$ and a free profinite group $S$, let $S^{(n,p)}$ be the
$n$th term of its lower $p$-central filtration, and $S^{[n,p]}$ the
corresponding quotient. Using tools from the combinatorics of words, we
construct a canonical basis of the cohomology group
$H^2(S^{[n,p]},\mathbb{Z}/p)$, which we call the Lyndon basis, and use it to
obtain structural results on this group. We show a duality between the Lyndon
basis and canonical generators of $S^{(n,p)}/S^{(n+1,p)}$. We prove that the
cohomology group satisfies shuffle relations, which for small values of $n$
fully describe it.


title:
High-flux water desalination with interfacial salt sieving effect in
  nanoporous carbon composite membranes

abstract:
  Nanoporous carbon composite membranes, comprising a layer of porous carbon
fiber structures with an average channel width of 30-60 nm grown on a porous
ceramic substrate, are found to exhibit robust desalination effect with high
freshwater flux. In three different membrane processes of vacuum membrane
distillation, reverse osmosis and forward osmosis, the carbon composite
membrane showed 100% salt rejection with 3.5 to 20 times higher freshwater flux
compared to existing polymeric membranes. Thermal accounting experiments found
that at least 80% of the freshwater pass through the carbon composite membrane
with no phase change. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed a unique salt
rejection mechanism. When seawater is interfaced with either vapor or the
surface of carbon, one to three interfacial atomic layers contain no salt ions.
Below the liquid entry pressure, the salt solution is stopped at the openings
to the porous channels and forms a meniscus, while the surface layer of
freshwater can feed the surface diffusion flux that is fast-transported on the
surfaces of the carbon fibers, driven by the chemical potential gradient. As
the surface-transported water does not involve a phase change, hence that
component involves no energy expenditure in the form of latent heat.

categories: cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.soft physics.chem-ph


title: Higher dimensional massive bigravity

abstract:
  We study higher dimensional scenarios of massive bigravity, which is a very
interesting extension of nonlinear massive gravity since its reference metric
is assumed to be full dynamical. In particular, the Einstein field equations
along with the following constraint equations for both physical and reference
metrics of a five-dimensional massive bigravity will be addressed. Then, we
study some well-known cosmological spacetimes such as the
Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker, Bianchi type I, and
Schwarzschild-Tangherlini metrics for the five-dimensional massive bigravity.
As a result, we find that massive graviton terms will serve as effective
cosmological constants in both physical and reference sectors if a special
scenario, in which reference metrics are chosen to be proportional to physical
ones, is considered for all mentioned metrics. Thanks to the constancy property
of massive graviton terms, consistent cosmological solutions will be figured
out accordingly.


title:
Comparison of laser induced and intrinsic tunnel magneto-Seebeck effect
  in CoFeB/MgAl$_2$O$_4$ and CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions

abstract:
  We present a comparison of the tunnel magneto-Seebeck effect for laser
induced and intrinsic heating. Therefore,
Co$_{40}$Fe$_{40}$B$_{20}$/MgAl$_2$O$_4$ and Co$_{25}$Fe$_{55}$B$_{20}$/MgO
magnetic tunnel junctions have been prepared. The TMS ratio of 3\,\% in case of
the MAO MTJ agrees well with ratios found for other barrier materials, while
the TMS ratio of 23\,\% of the MgO MTJ emphasizes the influence of the CoFe
composition. We find results using the intrinsic method that differ in sign and
magnitude in comparison to the results of the laser heating. The intrinsic
contributions can alternatively be explained by the Brinkman model and the
given junction properties. Especially, we are able to demonstrate that the
symmetric contribution is solely influenced by the barrier asymmetry. Thus, we
conclude that the symmetry analysis used for the intrinsic method is not
suitable to unambiguously identify an intrinsic tunnel magneto-Seebeck effect.


title: $L^p$ spaces in vector lattices and applications

abstract:
  $L^p$ spaces are investigated for vector lattice-valued functions, with
respect to filter convergence. As applications, some classical inequalities are
extended to the vector lattice context, and some properties of the Brownian
Motion and the Brownian Bridge are studied, to solve some stochastic
differential equations.


title: Boundary effects in entanglement entropy

abstract:
  We present a number of explicit calculations of Renyi and entanglement
entropies in situations where the entangling surface intersects the boundary in
$d$-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. When the boundary is a single plane we
compute the contribution to the entropy due to this intersection, first in the
case of the Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions, and then in the case of
a generic Robin type boundary condition. The flow in the boundary coupling
between the Neumann and Dirichlet phases is analyzed in arbitrary dimension $d$
and is shown to be monotonic, the peculiarity of $d=3$ case is noted. We argue
that the translational symmetry along the entangling surface is broken due the
presence of the boundary which reveals that the entanglement is not
homogeneous. In order to characterize this quantitatively, we introduce a
density of entanglement entropy and compute it explicitly. This quantity
clearly indicates that the entanglement is maximal near the boundary. We then
consider the situation where the boundary is composed of two parallel planes at
a finite separation and compute the entanglement entropy as well as its density
in this case. The complete contribution to entanglement entropy due to the
boundaries is shown not to depend on the distance between the planes and is
simply twice the entropy in the case of single plane boundary. Additionally, we
find how the area law, the part in the entropy proportional to the area of
entire entangling surface, depends on the size of the separation between the
two boundaries. The latter is shown to appear in the UV finite part of the
entropy.


title: QoE-Aware Proactive Caching of Scalable Videos Over Small Cell Networks

abstract:
  The explosion of mobile video traffic imposes tremendous challenges on
present cellular networks. To alleviate the pressure on backhaul links and to
enhance the quality of experience (QoE) of video streaming service, small cell
base stations (SBS) with caching ability are introduced to assist the content
delivery. In this paper, we present the first study on the optimal caching
strategy of scalable video coding (SVC) streaming in small cell networks with
the consideration of channel diversity and video scalability. We formulate an
integer programming problem to maximize the average SVC QoE under the
constraint of cache size at each SBS. By establishing connections between QoE
and caching state of each video, we simplify the proactive caching of SVC as a
multiple-choice knapsack problem (MCKP), and propose a low-complexity algorithm
using dynamic programming. Our proactive caching strategy reveals the
structural properties of cache allocation to each video based on their
popularity profiles. Simulation results manifest that the SBSs with caching
ability can greatly improve the average QoE of SVC streaming service, and that
our proposed caching strategy acquires significant performance gain compared
with other conventional caching policies.


title: Role of magnetic interactions in neutron stars

abstract:
  In this work, we present a calculation of the non-Fermi liquid correction to
the specific heat of magnetized degenerate quark matter present at the core of
the neutron star. The role of non-Fermi liquid corrections to the neutrino
emissivity has been calculated beyond leading order. We extend our result to
the evaluation of the pulsar kick velocity and cooling of the star due to such
anomalous corrections and present a comparison with the simple Fermi liquid
case.


title: Effect of Be Disk Evolution on Global One-Armed Oscillations

abstract:
  We study the effect of density distribution evolution on the global one-armed
oscillation modes in low viscosity disks around isolated and binary Be stars.
Observations show that some Be stars exhibit evidence of formation and
dissipation of the equatorial disk. In this paper, we first calculate the
density evolution in disks around isolated Be stars. To model the formation
stage of the disk, we inject mass at a radius just outside the star at a
constant rate for 30-50 years. As the disk develops, the density distribution
approaches the form of the steady disk solution. Then, we turn off the mass
injection to model the disk dissipation stage. The innermost part of the disk
starts accretion, and a gap forms between the star and the disk. Next, we
calculate the one-armed modes at several epochs. We neglect the effect of
viscosity because the time-scale of oscillations is much shorter than the disk
evolution time-scale for low viscosity. In the disk formation stage, the
eigenfrequency increases with time toward the value for the steady state disk.
On the other hand, one-armed eigenmodes in dissipating Be disks have
significantly higher eigenfrequencies and narrower propagation regions.
Observationally, such a change of mode characteristics can be taken as an
evidence for gap opening around the star. In binary Be stars, the
characteristics of the disk evolution and the eigenmodes are qualitatively the
same as in isolated Be stars, but quantitatively they have shorter evolution
time-scales and higher eigenfrequencies, which is in agreement with the
observed trend.


title: Achievement sets of conditionally convergent series

abstract:
  Considering the sets of subsums of series (or achievement sets) we show that
for conditionally convergent series the multidimensional case is much more
complicated than that of the real line. Although we are far from the full
topological classification of such sets, we present many surprising examples
and catch the ideas standing behind them in general theorems.


title: Robust Worst-Case Analysis of Demand-Side Management in Smart Grids

abstract:
  Demand-side management presents significant benefits in reducing the energy
load in smart grids by balancing consumption demands or including energy
generation and/or storage devices in the user's side. These techniques
coordinate the energy load so that users minimize their monetary expenditure.
However, these methods require accurate predictions in the energy consumption
profiles, which make them inflexible to real demand variations. In this paper
we propose a realistic model that accounts for uncertainty in these variations
and calculates a robust price for all users in the smart grid. We analyze the
existence of solutions for this novel scenario, propose convergent distributed
algorithms to find them, and perform simulations considering energy
expenditure. We show that this model can effectively reduce the monetary
expenses for all users in a real-time market, while at the same time it
provides a reliable production cost estimate to the energy supplier.


title: Compressive Coherent Structures at Ion Scales in the Slow Solar Wind

abstract:
  We present a study of magnetic field fluctuations, in a slow solar wind
stream, close to ion scales, where an increase of the level of magnetic
compressibility is observed. Here, the nature of these compressive fluctuations
is found to be characterized by coherent structures. Although previous studies
have shown that current sheets can be considered as the principal cause of
intermittency at ion scales, here we show for the first time that, in the case
of the slow solar wind, a large variety of coherent structures contributes to
intermittency at proton scales, and current sheets are not the most common.
Specifically, we find compressive ($\delta b_{\|} \gg \delta b_{\perp}$),
linearly polarized structures in the form of magnetic holes, solitons and shock
waves. Examples of Alfv\'enic structures ($\delta b_{\perp} > \delta b_{\|}$)
are identified as current sheets and vortex-like structures. Some of these
vortices have $ \delta b_{\perp} \gg \delta b_{\|}$, as in the case of Alfv\'en
vortices, but the majority of them are characterized by $\delta b_{\perp}
\gtrsim \delta b_{\|}$. Thanks to multi-point measurements by Cluster
spacecraft, for about 100 structures, we could determine the normal, the
propagation velocity and the spatial scale along this normal. Independently of
the nature of the structures, the normal is always perpendicular to the local
magnetic field, meaning that $k_{\perp} \gg k_{\parallel}$. The spatial scales
of the studied structures are found to be between 2 and 8 times the proton
gyroradius. Most of them are simply convected by the wind, but 25\% propagate
in the plasma frame. Possible interpretations of the observed structures and
the connection with plasma heating are discussed.


title:
Integration of quantum key distribution and gigabit-capable passive
  optical network based on wavelength-division multiplexing

abstract:
  Classical optical communications may be still the main communications
technology for the foreseeable future, so integration of the quantum
communication network with existing classical optical communication network is
necessary because existing telecommunications infrastructure will be shared.
This means multiplexing of quantum key distribution (QKD) and strong classical
data signals, delivering quantum signals and classic signals in one fiber.
Optical splitters are employed to access each user in a gigabit-capable passive
optical network (GPON). In a 4-user network the splitter adds at least 6 dB of
optical loss to the quantum channel, a 64-user network the splitter adds 18 dB
of optical loss to the quantum channel. The optical splitters restrict the
transmission distance and performance of QKD. We propose a new integration
program of QKD and GPON based on wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM). At the
optical splitting point, we use filters to separate the quantum signals and
bypass the optical splitter, avoiding losses produced by the optical splitters.
This increases the counting rate of the quantum signals states and the signal
to noise ratio (SNR) improves, so a higher key generation rate and a longer
transmission distance can be obtained with QKD.


title: Viewing galaxies in 3D

abstract:
  Thanks to a technique that reveals galaxies in 3D, astronomers can now show
that many galaxies have been wrongly classified. Davor Krajnovi\'c argues that
the classification scheme proposed 85 years ago by Edwin Hubble now needs to be
revised.


title: The Gaia-ESO Survey: A lithium-rotation connection at 5 Myr?

abstract:
  We investigate here the lithium content of young low-mass stars in the
5~Myr-old star forming region NGC~2264 and its relationship with rotation. We
combine lithium equivalent width measurements, EW(Li), from the Gaia-ESO Survey
with the determination of rotational periods from the CSI~2264 survey. We
consider only bona fide non accreting cluster members in order to minimize
uncertainties on EW(Li). We report the existence of a relationship between
lithium content and rotation in NGC~2264 at an age of 5~Myr. The Li-rotation
connection is seen over a restricted temperature range, Teff=3800--4400K, where
fast rotators are Li-rich compared to slow ones. This correlation is similar
to, albeit of lower amplitude than, the Li-rotation connection previously
reported for K dwarfs in the 125 Myr-old Pleiades cluster. We investigate
whether the non-standard pre-main sequence models developed so far to explain
the Pleiades results, which are based on episodic accretion, pre-main sequence
core-envelope decoupling, and/or radius inflation due to enhanced magnetic
activity, can account for an early development of the Li-rotation connection.
While radius inflation appears to be the most promising possibility, each of
these models has issues. We therefore also discuss external causes that might
operate during the first few Myr of pre-main sequence evolution, such as planet
engulfment and/or steady disk accretion, as possible candidates for the common
origin for Li-excess and fast rotation in young low-mass pre-main sequence
stars. The emergence of a connection between lithium content and rotation rate
at such an early age as 5~Myr suggests a complex link between accretion
processes, early angular momentum evolution, and possibly planet formation,
which likely impacts early stellar evolution and still is to be fully
deciphered.


title:
Pattern Matching and Consensus Problems on Weighted Sequences and
  Profiles

abstract:
  We study pattern matching problems on two major representations of uncertain
sequences used in molecular biology: weighted sequences (also known as position
weight matrices, PWM) and profiles (i.e., scoring matrices). In the simple
version, in which only the pattern or only the text is uncertain, we obtain
efficient algorithms with theoretically-provable running times using a
variation of the lookahead scoring technique. We also consider a general
variant of the pattern matching problems in which both the pattern and the text
are uncertain. Central to our solution is a special case where the sequences
have equal length, called the consensus problem. We propose algorithms for the
consensus problem parameterized by the number of strings that match one of the
sequences. As our basic approach, a careful adaptation of the classic
meet-in-the-middle algorithm for the knapsack problem is used. On the lower
bound side, we prove that our dependence on the parameter is optimal up to
lower-order terms conditioned on the optimality of the original algorithm for
the knapsack problem.


title: Direct Observation of Molecular Oxygen Production from Carbon Dioxide

abstract:
  Oxygen ($O_2$) is one of the most important elements required to sustain
life. The concentration of $O_2$ on Earth has been accumulated over millions of
years and has a direct connection with that of $CO_2$. Further, $CO_2$ plays an
important role in many other planetary atmospheres. Therefore, molecular
reactions involving $CO_2$ are critical for studying the atmospheres of such
planets. Existing studies on the dissociation of $CO_2$ are exclusively focused
on the C--O bond breakage. Here we report first experiments on the direct
observation of molecular Oxygen formation from $CO_2$ in strong laser fields
with a reaction microscope. Our accompanying simulations suggest that $CO_2$
molecules may undergo bending motion during and after strong-field ionization
which supports the molecular Oxygen formation process. The observation of the
molecular Oxygen formation from $CO_2$ may trigger further experimental and
theoretical studies on such processes with laser pulses, and provide hints in
studies of the $O_2$ and $CO_2^+$ abundance in $CO_2$-dominated planetary
atmospheres.


title:
Unconventional superconductivity in low density electron systems and
  conventional superconductivity in hydrogen metallic alloys under pressure

abstract:
  In a short review-article we first discuss the results, which are mainly
devoted to the generalizations of the famous Kohn-Luttinger mechanism of
superconductivity in purely repulsive fermion systems at low electron
densities. In the context of repulsive-U Hubbard model and Shubin-Vonsovsky
model we consider briefly the superconducting phase diagrams and the symmetries
of the order parameter in novel strongly correlated electron systems including
idealized monolayer and bilayer graphene. We stress that purely repulsive
fermion systems are mainly the subject of unconventional low-temperature
superconductivity. To get the high temperature superconductivity in cuprates
(with T_C of the order of 100 K) we should proceed to the t-J model with the
Van der Waals interaction potential and the competition between short-range
repulsion and long-range attraction. Finally we stress that to describe
superconductivity in metallic hydrogen alloys under pressure (with T_C of the
order of 200 K) it is reasonable to reexamine more conventional mechanisms
connected with electron-phonon interaction. These mechanisms arise in the
attractive-U Hubbard model with static onsite or intersite attractive potential
or in more realistic theories (which include retardation effects) such as
Migdal-Eliashberg strong coupling theory or even Fermi-Bose mixture theory of
Ranninger et al., and its generalizations.


title: Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays

abstract:
  The origin of the ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) with energies above E
> 1017eV, is still unknown. The discovery of their sources will reveal the
engines of the most energetic astrophysical accelerators in the universe. This
is a written version of a series of lectures devoted to UHECR at the 2013
CERN-Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics. We present an introduction
to acceleration mechanisms of charged particles to the highest energies in
astrophysical objects, their propagation from the sources to Earth, and the
experimental techniques for their detection. We also discuss some of the
relevant observational results from Telescope Array and Pierre Auger
Observatory. These experiments deal with particle interactions at energies
orders of magnitude higher than achieved in terrestrial accelerators.


title:
Criteria for singularities for mappings from two--manifold to the plane.
  The number and signs of cusps

abstract:
  Let M be a two--dimensional complete intersection. We show how to check
whether a mapping f: M-->R^2 is 1-generic with only folds and cusps as
singularities. In this case we give an effective method to count the number of
positive and negative cusps of a polynomial f, using the signatures of some
quadratic forms.


title:
Enclosure of the Numerical Range of a Class of Non-Selfadjoint Rational
  Operator Functions

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce an enclosure of the numerical range of a class of
rational operator functions. In contrast to the numerical range the presented
enclosure can be computed exactly in the infinite dimensional case as well as
in the finite dimensional case. Moreover, the new enclosure is minimal given
only the numerical ranges of the operator coefficients and many characteristics
of the numerical range can be obtained by investigating the enclosure. We
introduce a pseudonumerical range and study an enclosure of this set. This
enclosure provides a computable upper bound of the norm of the resolvent.


title:
Weak$^*$ Fixed Point Property in $\ell_1$ and Polyhedrality in
  Lindenstrauss Spaces

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to study the $w^*$-fixed point property for
nonexpansive mappings in the duals of separable Lindenstrauss spaces by means
of suitable geometrical properties of the dual ball. First we show that a
property concerning the behaviour of a class of $w^*$-closed subsets of the
dual sphere is equivalent to the $w^*$-fixed point property. Then, the main
result of our paper shows an equivalence between another, stronger geometrical
property of the dual ball and the stable $w^*$-fixed point property. The last
geometrical notion was introduced by Fonf and Vesel\'{y} as a strengthening of
the notion of polyhedrality. In the last section we show that also the first
geometrical assumption that we have introduced can be related to a polyhedral
concept for the predual space. Indeed, we give a hierarchical structure among
various polyhedrality notions in the framework of Lindenstrauss spaces.
Finally, as a by-product, we obtain an improvement of an old result about the
norm-preserving compact extension of compact operators.


title: NonClassicality Criteria in Multiport Interferometry

abstract:
  Interference lies at the heart of the behavior of classical and quantum
light. It is thus crucial to understand the boundaries between which
interference patterns can be explained by a classical electromagnetic
description of light and which, on the other hand, can only be understood with
a proper quantum mechanical approach. While the case of two-mode interference
has received a lot of attention, the multimode case has not yet been fully
explored. Here we study a general scenario of intensity interferometry: we
derive a bound on the average correlations between pairs of output intensities
for the classical wavelike model of light, and we show how it can be violated
in a quantum framework. As a consequence, this violation acts as a
nonclassicality witness, able to detect the presence of sources with
sub-Poissonian photon-number statistics. We also develop a criterion that can
certify the impossibility of dividing a given interferometer into two
independent subblocks.


title: Accretion disks in Algols: progenitors and evolution

abstract:
  There are only a few Algols with measured accretion disk parameters. These
measurements provide additional constraints for tracing the origin of
individual systems, narrowing down the initial parameter space. We investigate
the origin and evolution of 6 Algol systems with accretion disks to find the
initial parameters and evolutionary constraints for them. With a modified
binary evolution code, series of close binary evolution are calculated to
obtain the best match for observed individual systems. Initial parameters for 6
Algol systems with accretion disks were determined matching both the present
system parameters and the observed disk characteristics. When RLOF starts
during core hydrogen burning of the donor, the disk lifetime was found to be
short. The disk luminosity is comparable to the luminosity of the gainer during
a large fraction of the disk lifetime.


title:
Spin-orbit torques in locally and globally non-centrosymmetric crystals:
  Antiferromagnets and ferromagnets

abstract:
  One of the main obstacles that prevents practical applications of
antiferromagnets is the difficulty of manipulating the magnetic order
parameter. Recently, following the theoretical prediction [J. \v{Z}elezn\'y et
al., PRL 113, 157201 (2014)], the electrical switching of magnetic moments in
an antiferromagnet has been demonstrated [P. Wadley et al., Science 351, 587
(2016)]. The switching is due to the so-called spin-orbit torque, which has
been extensively studied in ferromagnets. In this phenomena a non-equilibrium
spin-polarization exchange coupled to the ordered local moments is induced by
current, hence exerting a torque on the order parameter. Here we give a general
systematic analysis of the symmetry of the spin-orbit torque in locally and
globally non-centrosymmetric crystals. We study when the symmetry allows for a
nonzero torque, when is the torque effective, and its dependence on the applied
current direction and orientation of magnetic moments. For comparison, we
consider both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic orders. In two representative
model crystals we perform microscopic calculations of the spin-orbit torque to
illustrate its symmetry properties and to highlight conditions under which the
spin-orbit torque can be efficient for manipulating antiferromagnetic moments.


abstract:
  We compute the Hochschild cohomology of any block of $q$-Schur algebras. We
focus the even part of this Hochschild cohomology ring. To compute the
Hochschild cohomology of $q$-Schur algebras, we prove the following two
results: first, we construct two graded algebra surjections between the
Hochschild cohomologies of quasi-hereditary algebras because all $q$-Schur
algebras over a field are quasi-hereditary. Second, we give the graded algebra
isomorphism of Hochschild cohomologies by using a certain derived equivalence.


title:
Aveiro Method in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces Under Complete
  Dictionary

abstract:
  Aveiro Method is a sparse representation method in reproducing kernel Hilbert
spaces (RKHS) that gives orthogonal projections in linear combinations of
reproducing kernels over uniqueness sets. It, however, suffers from
determination of uniqueness sets in the underlying RKHS. In fact, in general
spaces, uniqueness sets are not easy to be identified, let alone the
convergence speed aspect with Aveiro Method. To avoid those difficulties we
propose an anew Aveiro Method based on a dictionary and the matching pursuit
idea. What we do, in fact, are more: The new Aveiro method will be in relation
to the recently proposed, the so called Pre-Orthogonal Greedy Algorithm (P-OGA)
involving completion of a given dictionary. The new method is called Aveiro
Method Under Complete Dictionary (AMUCD). The complete dictionary consists of
all directional derivatives of the underlying reproducing kernels. We show
that, under the boundary vanishing condition, bring available for the classical
Hardy and Paley-Wiener spaces, the complete dictionary enables an efficient
expansion of any given element in the Hilbert space. The proposed method
reveals new and advanced aspects in both the Aveiro Method and the greedy
algorithm.


title:
Compress Voice Transference over low Signal Strength in Satellite
  Communication

abstract:
  This paper presents the comparison of compression algorithms for voice
transferring method over SMS in satellite communication. Voice transferring
method over SMS is useful in situations when signal strength is low and due to
poor signal strength voice call connection is not possible to initiate or
signal dropped during voice call. This method has one serious flaw that it
produces large number of SMS while converting voice into SMS. Such issue is
catered to some extend by employing any compression algorithm. In this paper
our major aim is to find best compression scheme for said method, for that
purpose we compare 6 different types of compression algorithms which are; LZW
(Lempel-Ziv-Welch), Huffman coding, PPM (Prediction by partial matching),
Arithmetic Coding (AC), BWT (Burrows-Wheeler-Transform), LZMA
(Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain). This comparison shows that PPM compression method
offers better compression ratio and produce small number of SMS. For
experimentation we use Thuraya SG-2520 satellite phone. Moreover, we develop an
application using J2ME platform[Ref:a]. We tested that application more than
100 times and then we compare the result in terms of compression ratio of each
algorithm and number of connected SMS produce after each compression method.
The result of this study will help developers to choose better compression
scheme for their respective applications.
http://www.learnrnd.com/news.php?id=ISSUES_IN_MOLECULAR_COMMUNICATIONS


title:
Core correlation effects in multiconfiguration calculations of isotope
  shifts in Mg I

abstract:
  The present work reports results from systematic multiconfiguration
Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations of isotope shifts for several well-known
transitions in neutral magnesium. Relativistic normal and specific mass shift
factors as well as the electronic probability density at the origin are
calculated. Combining these electronic quantities with available nuclear data,
energy and transition level shifts are determined for the $^{26}$Mg$-^{24}$Mg
pair of isotopes. Different models for electron correlation are adopted. It is
shown that although valence and core-valence models provide accurate values for
the isotope shifts, the inclusion of core-core excitations in the computational
strategy significantly improves the accuracy of the transition energies and
normal mass shift factors.


title: Towards sharp Bohnenblust--Hille constants

abstract:
  We investigate the optimality problem associated with the best constants in a
class of Bohnenblust--Hille type inequalities for $m$--linear forms. While
germinal estimates indicated an exponential growth, in this work we provide
strong evidences to the conjecture that the sharp constants in the classical
Bohnenblust--Hille inequality are universally bounded, irrespectively of the
value of $m$; hereafter referred as the \textit{Universality Conjecture}. In
our approach, we introduce the {notions of entropy and complexity}, designed to
measure, to some extent, the complexity of such optimization problems. We show
that the notion of entropy is critically connected to the Universality
Conjecture; for instance, that if the entropy grows at most exponentially with
respect to $m$, then the optimal constants of the $m$% --linear
Bohnenblust--Hille inequality for real scalars are indeed bounded universally
in $m$. It is likely that indeed the entropy grows as $4^{m-1}$, and in this
scenario, we show that the optimal constants are precisely $2^{1-\frac{1}{m}}
$. In the bilinear case, $m=2$, we show that any extremum of the Littlewood's
$4/3$-inequality has entropy $4$ and complexity $2$, and thus we are able to
classify all extrema of the problem. We also prove that, for any mixed $\left(
\ell _{1},\ell _{2}\right) $% --Littlewood inequality, the entropy do grow
exponentially and the sharp constants for such a class of inequalities are
precisely $(\sqrt{2})^{m-1}$. In addition to the {notions of entropy and
complexity}, the approach we develop in this work makes decisive use of a
family of strongly non-symmetric $m$--linear forms, which has further
consequences to the theory, as we explain herein.


title: Adaptive wavelet-based method for simulation of electronic circuits

abstract:
  In this paper we present an algorithm for analog simulation of electronic
circuits involving a spline Galerkin method with wavelet-based adaptive
refinement. Numerical tests show that a first algorithm prototype, build within
a productively used in-house circuit simulator, is completely able to meet and
even surpass the accuracy requirements and has a performance close to classical
time-domain simulation methods, with high potential for further improvement.


title: The Fourier Type Expansions on Tubes

abstract:
  In view of recent developments of the study of reproducing kernel Hilbert
spaces, in particular with the context the Hardy spaces on tubes, aspects of
rational approximation for functions of finite energy in several complex and
several real variables are developed.


title: NNVub: a Neural Network Approach to $B\to X_u \ell \nu$

abstract:
  We use artificial neural networks to parameterize the shape functions in
inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays without charm. Our approach avoids the
adoption of functional form models and allows for a straightforward
implementation of all experimental and theoretical constraints on the shape
functions. The results are used to extract $|V_{ub}|$ in the GGOU framework and
compared with the original GGOU paper and the latest HFAG results, finding good
agreement in both cases. The possible impact of future Belle-II data on the
$M_X$ distribution is also discussed.


title:
A Highly Selective First-Level Muon Trigger With MDT Chamber Data for
  ATLAS at HL-LHC

abstract:
  Highly selective triggers are essential for the physics programme of the
ATLAS experiment at HL-LHC where the instantaneous luminosity will be about an
order of magnitude larger than the LHC instantaneous luminosity in Run 1. The
first level muon trigger rate is dominated by low momentum muons below the
nominal trigger threshold due to the moderate momentum resolution of the
Resistive Plate and Thin Gap trigger chambers. The resulting high trigger rates
at HL-LHC can be sufficiently reduced by using the data of the precision Muon
Drift Tube chambers for the trigger decision. This requires the implementation
of a fast MDT read-out chain and of a fast MDT track reconstruction algorithm
with a latency of at most 6 microseconds. A hardware demonstrator of the fast
read-out chain has been successfully tested at the HL-LHC operating conditions
at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility. The fast track reconstruction algorithm
has been implemented on a fast trigger processor.


title: Slices of Okounkov bodies of big divisors on Mori dream spaces

abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to study the slices of the Okounkov bodies of
Mori dream spaces. First, we analyze all the slices of the Okounkov bodies of
big divisors on Mori dream spaces associated to some admissible flags. As a
byproduct, we obtain their descriptions on Mori dream threefolds. Finally, we
consider its application to the rational polyhedrality of them.


title:
Some heavy vector and tensor meson decay constants in light-front quark
  model

abstract:
  We study the decay constants ($f_M$) of the heavy vector ($D^{*}$,
$D^{*}_{s}$, $B^{*}$, $B^{*}_{s}$, $B^{*}_{c}$) and tensor ($D_{2}^{*}$,
$D_{s2}^{*}$, $B^{*}_{2}$, $B^{*}_{s2}$) mesons in the light front quark model.
With the known pseudoscalar meson decay constants of $f_D$, $f_{D_s}$, $f_B$,
$f_{B_s}$, and $f_{B_c}$ as the input parameters to determine the light-front
meson wave functions, we obtain that $f_{D^{*}, D^{*}_{s},
B^{*},B^{*}_s,B^{*}_c} = (252.0^{+13.8}_{-11.6}$, $318.3^{+15.3}_{-12.6}$ ,
$201.9^{+43.2}_{-41.4}$, $244.2\pm7.0$, $473.4\pm18.2$) and
$(264.9^{+10.2}_{-9.5}$, $330.9^{+9.9}_{-9.0}$, $220.2^{+49.1}_{-46.2}$,
$265.7\pm8.0$, $487.6\pm19.2$) MeV with Gaussian and power-law wave functions,
respectively, while $f_{D_{2}^{*},D_{s2}^{*},B^{*}_{2},B^{*}_{s2}}$=
($143.6^{+24.9}_{-21.8}$, $209.5^{+29.1}_{-24.2}$, $80.9^{+33.8}_{-27.7}$,
$109.7^{+15.7}_{-15.0}$) MeV with only Gaussian wave functions.


title: Spot On: Action Localization from Pointly-Supervised Proposals

abstract:
  We strive for spatio-temporal localization of actions in videos. The
state-of-the-art relies on action proposals at test time and selects the best
one with a classifier trained on carefully annotated box annotations.
Annotating action boxes in video is cumbersome, tedious, and error prone.
Rather than annotating boxes, we propose to annotate actions in video with
points on a sparse subset of frames only. We introduce an overlap measure
between action proposals and points and incorporate them all into the objective
of a non-convex Multiple Instance Learning optimization. Experimental
evaluation on the UCF Sports and UCF 101 datasets shows that (i)
spatio-temporal proposals can be used to train classifiers while retaining the
localization performance, (ii) point annotations yield results comparable to
box annotations while being significantly faster to annotate, (iii) with a
minimum amount of supervision our approach is competitive to the
state-of-the-art. Finally, we introduce spatio-temporal action annotations on
the train and test videos of Hollywood2, resulting in Hollywood2Tubes,
available at http://tinyurl.com/hollywood2tubes.


title: Evolution of correlated multiplexity through stability maximization

abstract:
  Investigating relation between various structural patterns found in
real-world networks and stability of underlying systems is crucial to
understand importance and evolutionary origin of such patterns. We evolve
multiplex networks, comprising of anti-symmetric couplings in one layer,
depicting predator-prey relation, and symmetric couplings in the other,
depicting mutualistic (or competitive) relation, based on stability
maximization through the largest eigenvalue. We find that the correlated
multiplexity emerges as evolution progresses. The evolved values of the
correlated multiplexity exhibit a dependence on the inter-link coupling
strength. Furthermore, the inter-layer coupling strength governs the evolution
of disassortativity property in the individual layers. We provide analytical
understanding to these findings by considering star like networks in both the
layers. The model and tools used here are useful for understanding the
principles governing the stability as well as importance of such patterns in
the underlying networks of real-world systems.


title:
Bounce inflation in $f(T)$ Cosmology: A unified inflaton-quintessence
  field

abstract:
  We investigate a bounce inflation model with a graceful exit into the
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) decelerated Universe within $f(T)$ gravity
framework, where $T$ is the torsion scalar in the teleparallelism. We study the
cosmic thermal evolution, the model predicts a supercold Universe during the
precontraction phase, which is consistent with the requirements of the
slow-roll models, while it performs a reheating period by the end of the
contraction with a maximum temperature just below the grand unified theory
(GUT) temperature. However, it matches the radiation temperature of the hot big
bang at later stages. The equation-of-state due to the effective gravitational
sector suggests that our Universe is self-accelerated by teleparallel gravity.
We assume the matter component to be a canonical scalar field. We obtain the
scalar field potential that is induced by the $f(T)$ theory. The power spectrum
of the model is nearly scale invariant. In addition, we show that the model
unifies inflaton and quintessence fields in a single model. Also, we revisited
the primordial fluctuations in $f(T)$ bounce cosmology, to study the
fluctuations that are produced at the precontraction phase.


title:
Photoelectron generation and capture in the resonance fluorescence of a
  quantum dot

abstract:
  Time-resolved resonance fluorescence (RF) on a single self-assembled quantum
dot (QD) is used to analyze the generation and capture of photoinduced free
charge carriers. We directly observe the capture of electrons into the QD in an
intensity reduction of the exciton transition. The exciton transition is
quenched until the captured electron tunnels out of the dot again in the order
of milliseconds. Our results demonstrate that even under resonant excitation,
excited, free electrons are generated, which can negatively influence the
optical properties of a QD. This detrimental effect has been neglected before
for dots that are optimized for maximum efficiency and minimum spectral
diffusion.


title: On strongly quasi-hereditary algebras

abstract:
  Let $A$ be a finite dimensional algebra over an algebraically closed field
$\mathbf{k}$. If $A$ is quasi-hereditary and the projective dimensions of all
standard modules are at most one, then $A$ is called left strongly
quasi-hereditary. In this paper, we construct a special heredity chain for left
strongly quasi-hereditary algebras. Moreover, we show the quotient algebra by
an ideal which appears in a special heredity chain of left strongly
quasi-hereditary algebra is also left strongly quasi-hereditary algebra.


title: Trigonometric Splines for Oscillator Simulation

abstract:
  We investigate the effects of numerical damping for oscillator simulation
with spline methods. Numerical damping results in an artificial loss of energy
and leads therefore to unreliable results in the simulation of autonomous
systems, as e.g.\ oscillators. We show that the negative effects of numerical
damping can be eliminated by the use of trigonometric splines. This will be in
particular important for spline based adaptive methods.


title: A note on Green functors with inflation

abstract:
  This note is motivated by the problem to understand, given a commutative ring
F, which G-sets X, Y give rise to isomorphic F[G]-representations F[X]\cong
F[Y]. A typical step in such investigations is an argument that uses induction
theorems to give very general sufficient conditions for all such relations to
come from proper subquotients of G. In the present paper we axiomatise the
situation, and prove such a result in the generality of Mackey functors and
Green functors with inflation. Our result includes, as special cases, a result
of Deligne on monomial relations, a result of the first author and Tim
Dokchitser on Brauer relations in characteristic 0, and a new result on Brauer
relations in characteristic p>0. We will need the new result in a forthcoming
paper on Brauer relations in positive characteristic.


title:
Evidence that widespread star formation may be underway in G0.253+016,
  "The Brick"

abstract:
  Image cubes of differential column density as a function of dust temperature
are constructed for Galactic Centre molecular cloud G0.253+0.016 ("The Brick")
using the recently described PPMAP procedure. The input data consist of
continuum images from the Herschel Space Telescope in the wavelength range
70-500 $\mu$m, supplemented by previously published interferometric data at 1.3
mm wavelength. While the bulk of the dust in the molecular cloud is consistent
with being heated externally by the local interstellar radiation field, our
image cube shows the presence, near one edge of the cloud, of a filamentary
structure whose temperature profile suggests internal heating. The structure
appears as a cool ($\sim 14$ K) tadpole-like feature, $\sim 6$ pc in length, in
which is embedded a thin spine of much hotter ($\sim$ 40-50 K) material. We
interpret these findings in terms of a cool filament whose hot central region
is undergoing gravitational collapse and fragmentation to form a line of
protostars. If confirmed, this would represent the first evidence of widespread
star formation having started within this cloud.


title:
The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. XI. Three new
  companions and an orbit update: Giant planets in the habitable zone

abstract:
  We report the discovery of three new substellar companions to solar-type
stars, HD191806, HD214823, and HD221585, based on radial velocity measurements
obtained at the Haute-Provence Observatory. Data from the SOPHIE spectrograph
are combined with observations acquired with its predecessor, ELODIE, to detect
and characterise the orbital parameters of three new gaseous giant and brown
dwarf candidates. Additionally, we combine SOPHIE data with velocities obtained
at the Lick Observatory to improve the parameters of an already known giant
planet companion, HD16175 b. Thanks to the use of different instruments, the
data sets of all four targets span more than ten years. Zero-point offsets
between instruments are dealt with using Bayesian priors to incorporate the
information we possess on the SOPHIE/ELODIE offset based on previous studies.
  The reported companions have orbital periods between three and five years and
minimum masses between 1.6 Mjup and 19 Mjup. Additionally, we find that the
star HD191806 is experiencing a secular acceleration of over 11 \ms\ per year,
potentially due to an additional stellar or substellar companion. A search for
the astrometric signature of these companions was carried out using Hipparcos
data. No orbit was detected, but a significant upper limit to the companion
mass can be set for HD221585, whose companion must be substellar.
  With the exception of HD191806 b, the companions are located within the
habitable zone of their host star. Therefore, satellites orbiting these objects
could be a propitious place for life to develop.


title:
RheoSpeckle: a new tool to investigate local flow and microscopic
  dynamics of soft matter under shear

abstract:
  To investigate the interplay between microscopic dynamics and macroscopic
rheology in soft matter, we couple a stress-controlled-rheometer equipped with
a Couette cell to a light scattering setup in the imaging geometry, which
allows us to measure both the deformation field and the microscopic dynamics.
To validate our setup, we test two model systems. For an elastic solid sample,
we recover the expected deformation field within 1 micron. For a pure viscous
fluid seeded with tracer particles, we measure the velocity profile and the
dynamics of the tracers, both during shear and at rest. The velocity profile is
acquired over a gap of 5 mm with a temporal and spatial resolution of 1 s and
100 microns, respectively. At rest, the tracer dynamics have the expected
diffusive behavior. Under shear, the microscopic dynamics corrected for the
average drift due to solid rotation scale with the local shear rate,
demonstrating that our setup captures correctly the relative motion of the
tracers due to the affine deformation.


title:
Background Field Functional Renormalization Group for Absorbing State
  Phase Transitions

abstract:
  We present a functional renormalization group approach for the active to
inactive phase transition in directed percolation type systems, in which the
transition is approached from the active, finite density phase. By expanding
the effective potential for the density field around its minimum, we obtain a
background field action functional, which serves as a starting point for the
functional renormalization group approach. Due to the presence of the
background field, the corresponding non-perturbative flow equations yield
remarkably good estimates for the critical exponents of the directed
percolation universality class, even in low dimensions.


title: Hypergeometric functions and algebraic curves $y^e=x^d+ax+b$

abstract:
  Let $q$ be a prime power and $\mathbb{F}_q$ be a finite field with $q$
elements. Let $e$ and $d$ be positive integers. In this paper, for $d\geq2$ and
$q\equiv1(\mathrm{mod}~ed(d-1))$, we calculate the number of points on an
algebraic curve $E_{e,d}:y^e=x^d+ax+b$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ in
terms of $_dF_{d-1}$ Gaussian hypergeometric series with multiplicative
characters of orders $d$ and $e(d-1)$, and in terms of $_{d-1}F_{d-2}$ Gaussian
hypergeometric series with multiplicative characters of orders $ed(d-1)$ and
$e(d-1)$. This helps us to express the trace of Frobenius endomorphism of an
algebraic curve $E_{e,d}$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ in terms of the
above hypergeometric series. As applications, we obtain some transformations
and special values of $_2F_{1}$ Gaussian hypergeometric series.


title:
Dimensional Reduction of Markov State Models from Renormalization Group
  Theory

abstract:
  Renormalization Group (RG) theory provides the theoretical framework to
define Effective Theories (ETs), i.e. systematic low-resolution approximations
of arbitrary microscopic models. Markov State Models (MSMs) are shown to be
rigorous ETs for Molecular Dynamics (MD). Based on this fact, we use Real Space
RG to vary the resolution of a MSM and define an algorithm for clustering
microstates into macrostates. The result is a lower dimensional stochastic
model which, by construction, provides the optimal coarse-grained Markovian
representation of the system's relaxation kinetics. To illustrate and validate
our theory, we analyze a number of test systems of increasing complexity,
ranging from synthetic toy models to two realistic applications, built form
all-atom MD simulations. The computational cost of computing the
low-dimensional model remains affordable on a desktop computer even for
thousands of microstates.


title:
Local Structure of Gromov-Hausdorff Space, and Isometric Embeddings of
  Finite Metric Spaces into this Space

abstract:
  We investigate the geometry of the family $\cal M$ of isometry classes of
compact metric spaces, endowed with the Gromov-Hausdorff metric. We show that
sufficiently small neighborhoods of generic finite spaces in the subspace of
all finite metric spaces with the same number of points are isometric to some
neighborhoods in the space ${\mathbb R}^N_{\infty}$, i.e., in the space
${\mathbb R}^N$ with the norm $\|(x_1,\ldots,x_N)\|=\max_i|x_i|$. As a
corollary, we get that each finite metric space can be isometrically embedded
into $\cal M$ in such a way that its image belongs to a subspace consisting of
all finite metric spaces with the same number $k$ of points. If the initial
space has $n$ points, then one can take $k$ as the least possible integer with
$n\le k(k-1)/2$.


title:
General Monogamy of Tsallis $q$-Entropy Entanglement in Multiqubit
  Systems

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the monogamy inequality of Tsallis-q entropy
entanglement. We first provide an analytic formula of Tsallis-q entropy
entanglement in two-qubit systems for $\frac{5-\sqrt{13}}{2}\leq
q\leq\frac{5+\sqrt{13}}{2}.$ The analytic formula of Tsallis-q entropy
entanglement in $2\otimes d$ system is also obtained and we show that Tsallis-q
entropy entanglement satisfies a set of hierarchical monogamy equalities.
Furthermore, we prove the squared Tsallis-q entropy entanglement follows a
general inequality in the qubit systems. Based on the monogamy relations, a set
of multipartite entanglement indicators is constructed, which can detect all
genuine multiqubit entangled states even in the case of $N$-tangle vanishes.
Moreover, we study some examples in multipartite higher-dimensional system for
the monogamy inequalities.


title: An example of quantum imaging: rendering an object undetectable

abstract:
  In this paper we propose and analyse a Gedankenexperiment involving three
non-linear crystals and two objects inserted in the idler beams. We show that,
besides the behaviour that can be extrapolated from previous experiments
involving two crystals and one object, we are able to predict a new effect:
under certain circumstances, one of the objects can be rendered undetectable to
any single detection rate on the signal photons with discarded idler photons.
This effect could find applications in future developments of quantum imaging
techniques.


title: The estimation of the area of a disk image for Sobolev classes

abstract:
  For regular homeomorphisms of Sobolev class $W^{1,1}_{\textrm{loc}}$ having
the Luzin $N$-property, it is established the estimation of the area of a disk
image in terms of an angular dilatation. As a corollary, the analog of the
well-known Ikoma-Schwartz lemma for such mappings is obtained.


title: A tunable Doppler-free dichroic lock for laser frequency stabilization

abstract:
  We propose and demonstrate a laser frequency stabilization scheme which
generates a dispersion-like tunable Doppler-free dichroic lock (TDFDL) signal.
This signal offers a wide tuning range for lock point (i.e. zero-crossing)
without compromising on the slope of the locking signal. The method involves
measurement of magnetically induced dichroism in an atomic vapour for a weak
probe laser beam in presence of a counter propagating strong pump laser beam. A
simple model is presented to explain the basic principles of this method to
generate the TDFDL signal. The spectral shift in the locking signal is achieved
by tuning the frequency of the pump beam. The TDFDL signal is shown to be
useful for locking the frequency of a cooling laser used for magneto-optcal
trap (MOT) for $^{87}Rb$ atoms.


title:
A Simple Model for Understanding the DIM Dust Measurement at Comet
  67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

abstract:
  We present a simple model for gas and dust flow from
67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko that can be used to understand the grain impact
observed by the DIM instrument on Philae (Krueger et al. 2015) We show how
model results when applied to the GIADA measurements (Rotundi et al. 2015;
Della Corte et al. 2015) can be used, in conjunction with the results found by
the MIRO (Schloerb et al. 2015) and VIRTIS (De Sanctis et al. 2015) instruments
to infer surface properties such as surface temperature and surface ice
fraction.


title:
Micro-burst in Data Centers: Observations, Implications, and
  Applications

abstract:
  Micro-burst traffic is not uncommon in data centers. It can cause packet
dropping, which results in serious performance degradation (e.g., Incast
problem). However, current solutions that attempt to suppress micro-burst
traffic are extrinsic and ad hoc, since they lack the comprehensive and
essential understanding of micro-burst's root cause and dynamic behavior. On
the other hand, traditional studies focus on traffic burstiness in a single
flow, while in data centers micro-burst traffic could occur with highly fan-in
communication pattern, and its dynamic behavior is still unclear. To this end,
in this paper we re-examine the micro-burst traffic in typical data center
scenarios. We find that evolution of micro-burst is determined by both TCP's
self-clocking mechanism and bottleneck link. Besides, dynamic behaviors of
micro-burst under various scenarios can all be described by the slope of queue
length increasing. Our observations also implicate that conventional solutions
like absorbing and pacing are ineffective to mitigate micro-burst traffic.
Instead, senders need to slow down as soon as possible. Inspired by the
findings and insights from experimental observations, we propose S-ECN policy,
which is an ECN marking policy leveraging the slope of queue length increasing.
Transport protocols utilizing S-ECN policy can suppress the sharp queue length
increment by over 50%, and reduce the 99th percentile of query completion time
by ~20%.


title:
Way-out to the Gravitino problem in intersecting D-brane Pati-Salam
  models

abstract:
  We discuss the gravitino problem in contest of the Exotic see-saw mechanism
for neutrinos and Leptogenesis, UV completed by intersecting D-branes
Pati-Salam models. In the Exotic see-saw model, supersymmetry is broken at high
scales $M_{SUSY}>10^{9}\, \rm GeV$ and this seems in contradiction with
gravitino bounds from inflation and baryogenesis. However, if gravitino is the
Lightest Stable Supersymmetric Particle, it will not decay into other SUSY
particles, avoiding the gravitino problem and providing a good Cold Dark
Matter. Gravitini are Super Heavy Dark Particles and they can be produced by
non-adiabatic expansion during inflation. Intriguingly, from bounds on the
correct abundance of dark matter, we also constrain the neutrino sector. We set
a limit on the exotic instantonic coupling of $<10^{-2}\div 10^{-3}$. This also
sets important constrains on the Calabi-Yau compactifications and on the string
scale. This model strongly motivates very high energy DM indirect detection of
neutrini and photons of $10^{11}\div 10^{13}\, \rm GeV$: gravitini can decay on
them in a cosmological time because of soft R-parity breaking effective
operators.