title:
Exploring triad-rich substructures by graph-theoretic characterizations
  in complex networks

abstract:
  One of the most important problems in complex networks is how to detect
metadata groups accurately. The main challenge lies in the fact that
traditional structural communities do not always capture the intrinsic features
of metadata groups. Motivated by the observation that metadata groups in PPI
networks tend to consist of an abundance of interacting triad motifs, we define
a 2-club substructure with diameter 2 which possessing triad-rich property to
describe a metadata group. Based on the triad-rich substructure, we design a
DIVision Algorithm using our proposed edge Niche Centrality DIVANC to detect
metadata groups effectively in complex networks. We also extend DIVANC to
detect overlapping metadata groups by proposing a simple 2-hop overlapping
strategy. To verify the effectiveness of triad-rich substructures, we compare
DIVANC with existing algorithms on PPI networks, LFR synthetic networks and
football networks. The experimental results show that DIVANC outperforms most
other algorithms significantly and, in particular, can detect sparse metadata
groups.


title:
Trade-off between Communication and Cooperation in the Interference
  Channel

abstract:
  We consider the problem of coding over the multi-user Interference Channel
(IC). It is well-known that aligning the interfering signals results in
improved achievable rates in certain setups involving more than two users. We
argue that in the general interference problem, senders face a tradeoff between
communicating their message to their corresponding decoder or cooperating with
other users by aligning their signals. Traditionally, interference alignment is
carried out using structured codes such as linear codes and group codes. We
show through an example that the usual structured coding schemes used for
interference neutralization lack the necessary flexibility to optimize this
tradeoff. Based on this intuition, we propose a new class of codes for this
problem. We use the example to show that the application of these codes gives
strict improvements in terms of achievable rates. Finally, we derive a new
achievable region for the three user IC which strictly improves upon the
previously known inner bounds for this problem.


title:
Search for the $a_0(980)-f_0(980)$ mixing in weak decays of $D_s/B_s$
  mesons

abstract:
  Scalar mesons $a^0_0(980)$ and $f_0(980)$ can mix with each other through
isospin violating effects, and the mixing intensity has been predicted at the
percent level in various theoretical models. However the mixing has not been
firmed established on the experimental side to date. In this work we explore
the possibility to extract the $a_0-f_0$ mixing intensity using weak decays of
heavy mesons: $D_s\to [\pi^0\eta, \pi\pi] e^+\nu$, $B_s\to [\pi^0\eta,
\pi\pi]\ell^+\ell^-$ and the $B_s\to J/\psi [\pi^0\eta,\pi^+\pi^-]$ decays.
Based on the large amount of data accumulated by various experimental
facilities including BEPC-II, LHC, Super KEKB and the future colliders, we find
that the $a_0-f_0$ mixing intensity might be determined to a high precision,
which will lead to a better understanding of the nature of scalar mesons.


title: Scalings of intermittent structures in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence

abstract:
  Turbulence is ubiquitous in plasmas, leading to rich dynamics characterized
by irregularity, irreversibility, energy fluctuations across many scales, and
energy transfer across many scales. Another fundamental and generic feature of
turbulence, although sometimes overlooked, is the inhomogeneous dissipation of
energy in space and in time. This is a consequence of intermittency, the
scale-dependent inhomogeneity of dynamics caused by fluctuations in the
turbulent cascade. Intermittency causes turbulent plasmas to self-organize into
coherent dissipative structures, which may govern heating, diffusion, particle
acceleration, and radiation emissions. In this paper, we present recent
progress on understanding intermittency in incompressible magnetohydrodynamic
turbulence with a strong guide field. We focus on the statistical analysis of
intermittent dissipative structures, which occupy a small fraction of the
volume but arguably account for the majority of energy dissipation. We show
that, in our numerical simulations, intermittent structures in the current
density, vorticity, and Els\"{a}sser vorticities all have nearly identical
statistical properties. We propose phenomenological explanations for the
scalings based on general considerations of Els\"{a}sser vorticity structures.
Finally, we examine the broader implications of intermittency for astrophysical
systems.

categories: physics.plasm-ph astro-ph.HE physics.flu-dyn physics.space-ph


title:
Isoperimetric inequalities for eigenvalues by inverse mean curvature
  flow

abstract:
  By studying the monotonicity of the first nonzero eigenvalues of Laplace and
p-Laplace operators on a closed convex hypersurface $M^n$ which evolves under
inverse mean curvature flow in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, the isoperimetric lower
bounds for both eigenvalues were founded.


title: The pure braid groups and their relatives

abstract:
  In this mostly survey paper, we investigate the resonance varieties, the
lower central series ranks, and the Chen ranks, as well as the residual and
formality properties of several families of braid-like groups: the pure braid
groups $P_n$, the welded pure braid groups $wP_n$, the virtual pure braid
groups $vP_n$, as well as their `upper' variants, $wP_n^+$ and $vP_n^+$. We
also discuss several natural homomorphisms between these groups, and various
ways to distinguish among the pure braid groups and their relatives.


title: Authorship Attribution Using a Neural Network Language Model

abstract:
  In practice, training language models for individual authors is often
expensive because of limited data resources. In such cases, Neural Network
Language Models (NNLMs), generally outperform the traditional non-parametric
N-gram models. Here we investigate the performance of a feed-forward NNLM on an
authorship attribution problem, with moderate author set size and relatively
limited data. We also consider how the text topics impact performance. Compared
with a well-constructed N-gram baseline method with Kneser-Ney smoothing, the
proposed method achieves nearly 2:5% reduction in perplexity and increases
author classification accuracy by 3:43% on average, given as few as 5 test
sentences. The performance is very competitive with the state of the art in
terms of accuracy and demand on test data. The source code, preprocessed
datasets, a detailed description of the methodology and results are available
at https://github.com/zge/authorship-attribution.


title:
Long Range Stress Correlations in the Inherent Structures of Liquids at
  Rest

abstract:
  Simulation studies of the atomic shear stress in the local potential energy
minima (inherent structures) are reported for binary liquid mixtures in 2D and
3D. These inherent structure stresses are fundamental to slow stress relaxation
and high viscosity in supercooled liquids. We find that the atomic shear stress
in the inherent structures (IS) of both liquids at rest exhibits slowly
decaying anisotropic correlations. We show that the stress correlations
contributes significantly to the variance of the total shear stress of the IS
configurations and consider the origins of the anisotropy and spatial extent of
the stress correlations.


title:
Density and Glass Forming Ability in Amorphous Atomic Alloys: the Role
  of the Particle Softness

abstract:
  A key property of glass forming alloys, the anomalously small volume
difference with respect to the crystal, is shown to arise as a direct
consequence of the soft repulsive potentials between metals. This feature of
the inter-atomic potential is demonstrated to be responsible for a significant
component of the glass forming ability of alloys due to the decrease in the
enthalpy of fusion and the associated depression of the freezing point.


title: Topological Symmetries of R^3

abstract:
  If a finite group acts topologically, faithfully and orientation preservingly
on R^3, then it is isomorphic to a subgroup of SO(3).


title:
Shear Melting at the Crystal-Liquid Interface: Erosion and the
  Asymmetric Suppression of Interface Fluctuations

abstract:
  The influence of an applied shear on the planar crystal-melt interface is
modelled by a nonlinear stochastic partial differential equation of the
interface fluctuations. A feature of this theory is the asymmetric destruction
of interface fluctuations due to advection of the crystal protrusions on the
liquid side of the interface only. We show that this model is able to
qualitatively reproduce the nonequilibrium coexistence line found in
simulations. The impact of shear on spherical clusters is also addressed.


title:
Antiferromagnetic Coupling between Surface and Bulk Magnetization and
  Anomalous Magnetic Transport in Electro-deposited Co Film

abstract:
  We report an interesting magnetic behavior of a Co film (thickness ~ 350
{\AA}) grown on Si/Ti/Cu buffer layer by electro-deposition (ED) technique.
Using depth sensitive X-ray reflectivity and polarized neutron reflectivity
(PNR) we observed two layer structures for the Co film grown by ED with a
surface layer (thickness ~ 100 {\AA}) of reduced density (~ 68% of bulk)
compared to rest of the Co film (thickness ~ 250 {\AA}). The two layer
structure is consistent with the histogram profile obtained from atomic force
microscope (AFM) of the film. Interestingly, using PNR, we found that the
magnetization in the surface Co layer is inversely (antiferomagnetically)
coupled (negative magnetization for surface Co layer) with the rest of the Co
layer for the ED grown film. While we compare PNR result for a Co film of
similar layered structure grown by sputtering, the film showed a uniform
magnetization as expected. We also show that the depth dependent unusual
magnetic behavior of ED grown Co film may be responsible for anomalous
anisotropic magnetoresistance observed in low field in this film as compared to
the Co film grown by sputtering. Combining X-ray scattering, AFM,
superconducting quantum interface device magnetometry (SQUID), PNR and
magneto-transport measurements we attempted to correlate and compare the
structural, magnetic and morphological properties with magneto-transport of Co
films grown by ED and sputtering. The study indicates that the interesting
surface magnetic property and magneto-transport property of the ED film is
caused by its unique surface morphology.


title:
On critical points of random polynomials and spectrum of certain
  products of random matrices

abstract:
  In the first part we study critical points of random polynomials. We choose
two deterministic sequences of complex numbers,whose empirical measures
converge to the same probability measure in complex plane. We make a sequence
of polynomials whose zeros are chosen from either of sequences at random. We
show that the limiting empirical measure of zeros and critical points agree for
these polynomials. As a consequence we show that when we randomly perturb the
zeros of a deterministic sequence of polynomials, the limiting empirical
measures of zeros and critical points agree. This result can be interpreted as
an extension of earlier results where randomness is reduced. Pemantle and Rivin
initiated the study of critical points of random polynomials. Kabluchko proved
the result considering the zeros to be i.i.d. random variables.
  In the second part we deal with the spectrum of products of Ginibre matrices.
Exact eigenvalue density is known for a very few matrix ensembles. For the
known ones they often lead to determinantal point process. Let
$X_1,X_2,...,X_k$ be i.i.d matrices of size $n \times n$ whose entries are
independent complex Gaussian random variables. We derive the eigenvalue density
for matrices of the form $Y_1.Y_2....Y_n$, where each $Y_i = X_i$ or
$X_i^{-1}$. We show that the eigenvalues form a determinantal point process.
The case where $k=2$, $Y_1=X_1,Y_2=X_2^{-1}$ was derived earlier by Krishnapur.
The case where $Y_i =X_i$ for all $i=1,2,...,n$, was derived by Akemann and
Burda. These two known cases can be obtained as special cases of our result.


title: Neutrino Cross section Future

abstract:
  The study of neutrino-nucleus interactions has recently received renewed
attention due to their importance in interpreting the neutrino oscillation
data. Over the past few years, there has been continuous disagreement between
neutrino cross section data and predictions due to lack of accurate nuclear
models suitable for modern experiments which use heavier nuclear targets. Also,
the current short and long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments focus in
the few GeV region where several distinct neutrino processes come into play
resulting in complex nuclear effects. Despite recent efforts, more experimental
input is needed to improve nuclear models and reduce neutrino interaction
systematics which are currently dominating oscillation searches together with
neutrino flux uncertainties. A number of new detector concepts with diverse
neutrino beams and nuclear targets are currently being developed to provide
necessary inputs required for next generation oscillation experiments. This
paper summarizes these efforts along with a discussion of future prospects for
precision cross section measurements.


title:
No $\nu$ floors: Effective field theory treatment of the neutrino
  background in direct dark matter detection experiments

abstract:
  Distinguishing a dark matter interaction from an astrophysical
neutrino-induced interaction will be major challenge for future direct dark
matter searches. In this paper, we consider this issue within non-relativistic
Effective Field Theory (EFT), which provides a well-motivated theoretical
framework for determining nuclear responses to dark matter scattering events.
We analyze the nuclear energy recoil spectra from the different dark
matter-nucleon EFT operators, and compare to the nuclear recoil energy spectra
that is predicted to be induced by astrophysical neutrino sources. We determine
that for 11 of the 14 possible operators, the dark matter-induced recoil
spectra can be cleanly distinguished from the corresponding neutrino-induced
recoil spectra with moderate size detector technologies that are now being
pursued, e.g., these operators would require 0.5 tonne years to be
distinguished from the neutrino background for low mass dark matter. Our
results imply that in most models detectors with good energy resolution will be
able to distinguish a dark matter signal from a neutrino signal, without the
need for much larger detectors that must rely on additional information from
timing or direction.


title: Fast algorithms for Quadrature by Expansion I: Globally valid expansions

abstract:
  The use of integral equation methods for the efficient numerical solution of
PDE boundary value problems requires two main tools: quadrature rules for the
evaluation of layer potential integral operators with singular kernels, and
fast algorithms for solving the resulting dense linear systems. Classically,
these tools were developed separately. In this work, we present a unified
numerical scheme based on coupling Quadrature by Expansion, a recent quadrature
method, to a customized Fast Multipole Method (FMM) for the Helmholtz equation
in two dimensions. The method allows the evaluation of layer potentials in
linear-time complexity, anywhere in space, with a uniform, user-chosen level of
accuracy as a black-box computational method.
  Providing this capability requires geometric and algorithmic considerations
beyond the needs of standard FMMs as well as careful consideration of the
accuracy of multipole translations. We illustrate the speed and accuracy of our
method with various numerical examples.
  Keywords: Layer Potentials; Singular Integrals; Quadrature; High-order
accuracy; Integral equations; Helmholtz equation; Fast multipole method.


title: Fivebranes and 3-manifold homology

abstract:
  Motivated by physical constructions of homological knot invariants, we study
their analogs for closed 3-manifolds. We show that fivebrane compactifications
provide a universal description of various old and new homological invariants
of 3-manifolds. In terms of 3d/3d correspondence, such invariants are given by
the Q-cohomology of the Hilbert space of partially topologically twisted 3d N=2
theory T[M_3] on a Riemann surface with defects. We demonstrate this by
concrete and explicit calculations in the case of monopole/Heegaard Floer
homology and a 3-manifold analog of Khovanov-Rozansky link homology. The latter
gives a categorification of Chern-Simons partition function. Some of the new
key elements include the explicit form of the S-transform and a novel
connection between categorification and a previously mysterious role of Eichler
integrals in Chern-Simons theory.


title:
Effect of non-local interactions on the vortex solution in Bose-Einstein
  Condensates

abstract:
  We consider the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) model of a Bose-Einstein Condensate
(BEC) to study a single vortex line in the presence of non-local repulsive
s-wave scattering. We show that in addition to the vortex solution with core
width of the order of the healing length, there exists a vortex solution whose
width is a microscopic length scale of the order of s-wave scattering length
and is independent of the healing length. We compare the two classes of vortex
solution and show the region where one can possibly observe the vortex whose
width is of the order of scattering length.


title:
The effect of perturbations of linear operators on their polar
  decomposition

abstract:
  The effect of matrix perturbations on the polar decomposition has been
studied by several authors and various results are known. However, for
operators between infinite-dimensional spaces the problem has not been
considered so far. Here, we prove in particular that the partial isometry in
the polar decomposition of an operator is stable under perturbations, given
that kernel and range of original and perturbed operator satisfy a certain
condition. In the matrix case, this condition is weaker than the usually
imposed equal-rank condition. It includes the case of semi-Fredholm operators
with agreeing nullities and deficiencies, respectively. In addition, we prove a
similar perturbation result where the ranges or the kernels of the two
operators are assumed to be sufficiently close to each other in the gap metric.


title:
Simulation Study of an Energy-Efficient Time Synchronization Scheme
  based on Source Clock Frequency Recovery in Asymmetric Wireless Sensor
  Networks

abstract:
  In this paper we report preliminary results of a simulation study on an
energy-efficient time synchronization scheme based on source clock frequency
recovery (SCFR) at sensor nodes in asymmetric wireless sensor networks (WSNs),
where a head node --- serving as a gateway between wired and wireless networks
--- is equipped with a powerful processor and supplied power from outlet, and
sensor nodes --- connected only through wireless channels --- are limited in
processing and battery-powered. In the SCFR-based WSN time synchronization
scheme, we concentrate on battery-powered sensor nodes and reduce their energy
consumption by minimizing the number of message transmissions from sensor nodes
to the head node. Through simulation experiments we analyze the performance of
the SCFR-based WSN time synchronization scheme, including the impact of SCFR on
time synchronization based on two-way message exchange, and demonstrate the
feasibility of the proposed time synchronization scheme.


title:
Two-dimensional plasmons in lateral carbon nanotube network structures
  and their effect on the terahertz radiation detection

abstract:
  We consider the carrier transport and plasmonic phenomena in the lateral
carbon nanotube (CNT) networks forming the device channel with asymmetric
electrodes. One electrode is the Ohmic contact to the CNT network and the
another contact is the Schottky contact. These structures can serve as
detectors of the terahertz (THz) radiation. We develop the device model for
response of the lateral CNT networks which comprise a mixture of randomly
oriented semiconductor CNTs (s-CNTs) and quasi-metal CNTs (m-CNTs). The
proposed model includes the concept of the two-dimensional plasmons in
relatively dense networks of randomly oriented CNTs (CNT "felt") and predicts
the detector responsivity spectral characteristics. The detection mechanism is
the rectification of the ac current due the nonlinearity of the Schottky
contact current-voltage characteristics under the conditions of a strong
enhancement of the potential drop at this contact associated with the plasmon
excitation. We demonstrate that the excitation of the two-dimensional plasmons
by incoming THz radiation the detector responsivity can induce sharp resonant
peaks of the detector responsivity at the signal frequencies corresponding to
the plasmonic resonances. The detector responsivity depends on the fractions of
the s- and m-CNTs. The burning of the near-contact regions of the m-CNTs or
destruction of these CNTs leads to a marked increase in the responsivity in
agreement with our experimental data. The resonant THz detectors with
sufficiently dense lateral CNT networks can compete and surpass other THz
detectors using plasmonic effects at room temperatures.


title:
Label Noise Reduction in Entity Typing by Heterogeneous Partial-Label
  Embedding

abstract:
  Current systems of fine-grained entity typing use distant supervision in
conjunction with existing knowledge bases to assign categories (type labels) to
entity mentions. However, the type labels so obtained from knowledge bases are
often noisy (i.e., incorrect for the entity mention's local context). We define
a new task, Label Noise Reduction in Entity Typing (LNR), to be the automatic
identification of correct type labels (type-paths) for training examples, given
the set of candidate type labels obtained by distant supervision with a given
type hierarchy. The unknown type labels for individual entity mentions and the
semantic similarity between entity types pose unique challenges for solving the
LNR task. We propose a general framework, called PLE, to jointly embed entity
mentions, text features and entity types into the same low-dimensional space
where, in that space, objects whose types are semantically close have similar
representations. Then we estimate the type-path for each training example in a
top-down manner using the learned embeddings. We formulate a global objective
for learning the embeddings from text corpora and knowledge bases, which adopts
a novel margin-based loss that is robust to noisy labels and faithfully models
type correlation derived from knowledge bases. Our experiments on three public
typing datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of PLE, with an
average of 25% improvement in accuracy compared to next best method.


title:
Nonlinear optomechanics with gain and loss: amplifying higher-order
  sideband and group delay

abstract:
  We study the nonlinear optomechanically-induced transparency (OMIT) with gain
and loss. We find that (i) for a single active cavity, significant enhancement
can be achieved for the higher-order sidebands, including the transmission rate
and the group delay; (ii) for active- passive-coupled cavities, hundreds of
microsecond of optical delay or advance are attainable for the nonlinear
sideband pulses in the parity-time-symmetric regime. The active higher-order
OMIT effects, as firstly revealed here, open up the way to make a low-power
optomechaical amplifier, which can amplify both the strength and group delay of
not only the probe light but also its higher-order sidebands.


title:
Numerical simulation of oscillating topological solitons in 2D O(3)
  nonlinear sigma model

abstract:
  Dynamics of interaction of topological solitons (vortices) in
(2+1)-dimensional O(3) nonlinear sigma model in anisotropic case are
investigated. By numerical simulation methods is shown that the changes of
rotation frequency of isotopic spin in the fiber space leads to an oscillatory
dynamics of topological solitons. The models of interaction of oscillating
topological solitons are obtained and their properties are investigated.


title: Large Scale Kernel Learning using Block Coordinate Descent

abstract:
  We demonstrate that distributed block coordinate descent can quickly solve
kernel regression and classification problems with millions of data points.
Armed with this capability, we conduct a thorough comparison between the full
kernel, the Nystr\"om method, and random features on three large classification
tasks from various domains. Our results suggest that the Nystr\"om method
generally achieves better statistical accuracy than random features, but can
require significantly more iterations of optimization. Lastly, we derive new
rates for block coordinate descent which support our experimental findings when
specialized to kernel methods.


title: A Full-Bandwidth Audio Codec With Low Complexity And Very Low Delay

abstract:
  We propose an audio codec that addresses the low-delay requirements of some
applications such as network music performance. The codec is based on the
modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) with very short frames and uses
gain-shape quantization to preserve the spectral envelope. The short frame
sizes required for low delay typically hinder the performance of transform
codecs. However, at 96 kbit/s and with only 4 ms algorithmic delay, the
proposed codec out-performs the ULD codec operating at the same rate. The total
complexity of the codec is small, at only 17 WMOPS for real-time operation at
48 kHz.


title: Density-based Denoising of Point Cloud

abstract:
  Point cloud source data for surface reconstruction is usually contaminated
with noise and outliers. To overcome this deficiency, a density-based point
cloud denoising method is presented to remove outliers and noisy points. First,
particle-swam optimization technique is employed for automatically
approximating optimal bandwidth of multivariate kernel density estimation to
ensure the robust performance of density estimation. Then, mean-shift based
clustering technique is used to remove outliers through a thresholding scheme.
After removing outliers from the point cloud, bilateral mesh filtering is
applied to smooth the remaining points. The experimental results show that this
approach, comparably, is robust and efficient.


title: Localization of enriched categories and cubical sets

abstract:
  The invertibility hypothesis for a monoidal model category S asks that
localizing an S-enriched category with respect to an equivalence results in an
weakly equivalent enriched category. This is the most technical among the
axioms for S to be an excellent model category in the sense of Lurie, who
showed that the category of S-enriched categories then has a model structure
with characterizable fibrant objects. We use a universal property of cubical
sets, as a monoidal model category, to show that the invertibility hypothesis
is consequence of the other axioms.


title: PlaNet - Photo Geolocation with Convolutional Neural Networks

abstract:
  Is it possible to build a system to determine the location where a photo was
taken using just its pixels? In general, the problem seems exceptionally
difficult: it is trivial to construct situations where no location can be
inferred. Yet images often contain informative cues such as landmarks, weather
patterns, vegetation, road markings, and architectural details, which in
combination may allow one to determine an approximate location and occasionally
an exact location. Websites such as GeoGuessr and View from your Window suggest
that humans are relatively good at integrating these cues to geolocate images,
especially en-masse. In computer vision, the photo geolocation problem is
usually approached using image retrieval methods. In contrast, we pose the
problem as one of classification by subdividing the surface of the earth into
thousands of multi-scale geographic cells, and train a deep network using
millions of geotagged images. While previous approaches only recognize
landmarks or perform approximate matching using global image descriptors, our
model is able to use and integrate multiple visible cues. We show that the
resulting model, called PlaNet, outperforms previous approaches and even
attains superhuman levels of accuracy in some cases. Moreover, we extend our
model to photo albums by combining it with a long short-term memory (LSTM)
architecture. By learning to exploit temporal coherence to geolocate uncertain
photos, we demonstrate that this model achieves a 50% performance improvement
over the single-image model.


title:
The Mechanisms of Electron Acceleration During Multiple X Line Magnetic
  Reconnection with a Guide Field

abstract:
  The interactions between magnetic islands are considered to play an important
role in electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection. In this paper,
two-dimensional (2-D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are performed to study
electron acceleration during multiple X line reconnection with a guide field.
The electrons remain almost magnetized, and we can then analyze the
contributions of the parallel electric field, Fermi and betatron mechanisms to
electron acceleration during the evolution of magnetic reconnection by
comparing with a guide-center theory. The results show that with the proceeding
of magnetic reconnection, two magnetic islands are formed in the simulation
domain. The electrons are accelerated by both the parallel electric field in
the vicinity of the X lines and Fermi mechanism due to the contraction of the
two magnetic islands. Then the two magnetic islands begin to merge into one,
and in such a process electrons can be accelerated by the parallel electric
field and betatron mechanisms. During the betatron acceleration, the electrons
are locally accelerated in the regions where the magnetic field is piled up by
the high-speed flow from the X line. At last, when the coalescence of the two
islands into a big one finishes, electrons can further be accelerated by the
Fermi mechanism because of the contraction of the big island. With the increase
of the guide field, the contributions of Fermi and betatron mechanisms to
electron acceleration become less and less important. When the guide field is
sufficiently large, the contributions of Fermi and betatron mechanisms are
almost negligible.


title:
A survey of classical and quantum interpretations of experiments on
  Josephson junctions at very low temperatures

abstract:
  For decades following its introduction in 1968, the resistively and
capacitively shunted junction (RCSJ) model, sometimes referred to as the
Stewart-McCumber model, was successfully applied to study the dynamics of
Josephson junctions embedded in a variety of superconducting circuits. In 1980
a theoretical conjecture by A.J. Leggett suggested a possible new and quite
different behavior for Josephson junctions at very low temperatures. A number
of experiments seemed to confirm this prediction and soon it was taken as a
given that junctions at tens of millikelvins should be regarded as macroscopic
quantum entities. As such, they would possess discrete levels in their
effective potential wells, and would escape from those wells (with the
appearance of a finite junction voltage) via a macroscopic quantum tunneling
process. A zeal to pursue this new physics led to a virtual abandonment of the
RCSJ model in this low temperature regime. In this paper we consider a
selection of essentially prototypical experiments that were carried out with
the intention of confirming aspects of anticipated macroscopic quantum behavior
in Josephson junctions. We address two questions: (1) How successful is the
non-quantum theory (RCSJ model) in replicating those experiments? (2) How
strong is the evidence that data from these same experiments does indeed
reflect macroscopic quantum behavior?


title: Metal Enhanced Interactions of Graphene with Monosaccharides

abstract:
  The present theoretical study proposes the enhanced interaction of
nanostructures with monosaccharides. It has been demonstrated that the
interactions with and without metal adsorption do in fact show that the
adsorption energies change accordingly. It is important to note that the
chemistry of reactions can also be influenced as a result of this change in
dynamics.


title: Designing and Implementing Future Aerial Communication Networks

abstract:
  Providing "connectivity from the sky" is the new innovative trend in wireless
communications. High and low altitude platforms, drones, aircrafts and airships
are being considered as the candidates for deploying wireless communications
complementing the terrestrial communication infrastructure. In this article, we
report the detailed account of the design and implementation challenges of an
aerial network consisting of LTE Advanced (LTE-A) base stations. In particular,
we review achievements and innovations harnessed by an aerial network composed
of Helikite platforms. Helikites can be raised in the sky to bring Internet
access during special events and in the aftermath of an emergency. The trial
phase of the system mounting LTE-A technology onboard Helikites to serve users
on the ground showed not only to be very encouraging but that such a system
could offer even a longer lasting solution provided that inefficiency in
powering the radio frequency equipment in the Helikite can be overcome.


title:
High-Pressure Synthesis and Superconductivity of Ag-doped Topological
  Crystalline Insulator SnTe (Sn1-xAgxTe with x = 0-0.5)

abstract:
  We have synthesized the single-phase polycrystalline samples of Sn1-xAgxTe,
Ag-doped topological crystalline insulator SnTe, with a range of x = 0-0.5
using a high-pressure synthesis method. The crystal structure of Sn1-xAgxTe at
room temperature is a cubic NaCl-type structure, which does not vary upon Ag
substitution. Bulk superconductivity with a transition temperature of 2.4 K was
observed for x = 0.15-0.25, and the optimal Ag content was x = 0.2. The
Sn1-xAgxTe superconducting phase will be useful for understanding the
superconductivity nature and mechanisms of the carrier-doped SnTe system.


title: Thermoelectric properties of new Bi-chalcogenide layered compounds

abstract:
  The layered Bi-chalcogenide compounds have been drawing much attention as a
new layered superconductor family since 2012. Due to the rich variation of
crystal structure and constituent elements, the development of new physics and
chemistry of the layered Bi-chalcogenide family and its applications as
functional materials have been expected. Recently, it was revealed that the
layered Bi chalcogenides can show a relatively high thermoelectric performance
(ZT = 0.36 in LaOBiSSe at ~650 K). Here, we show the crystal structure
variation of the Bi-chalcogenide family and their thermoelectric properties.
Finally, the possible strategies for enhancing the thermoelectric performance
are discussed on the basis of the experimental and the theoretical facts
reviewed here.


title:
The G-JF Thermostat for Accurate Configurational Sampling in Soft-Matter
  Simulations

abstract:
  We implement the statistically sound G-JF thermostat for Langevin Dynamics
simulations into the ESPREesSo molecular package for large-scale simulations of
soft matter systems. The implemented integration method is tested against the
integrator currently used by the molecular package in simulations of a fluid
bilayer membrane. While the latter exhibits deviations in the sampling
statistics that increase with the integration time step dt, the former
reproduces near-correct configurational statistics for all dt within the
stability range of the simulations. We conclude that, with very modest
revisions to existing codes, one can significantly improve the performance of
statistical sampling using Langevin thermostats.


title:
Hadron energy spectrum in polarized top quark decays considering the
  effects of hadron and bottom quark masses

abstract:
  We present the analytical expressions for the next-to-leading order
corrections to the partial decay width $t(\uparrow) \rightarrow bW^+$, followed
by $b\rightarrow H_bX$, for nonzero b-quark mass ($m_b\neq 0$) in the
fixed-flavor-number scheme (FFNs). To make the predictions for the energy
distribution of outgoing hadrons $H_b$, as a function of the normalized
$H_b$-energy fraction $x_H$, we apply the general-mass variable-flavor-number
scheme (GM-VFNs) in a specific helicity coordinate system where the
polarization of top quark is evaluated relative to the b-quark momentum. We
also study the effects of gluon fragmentation and finite hadron mass on the
hadron energy spectrum so that hadron masses are responsible for the low-$x_H$
threshold. In order to describe both the b-quark and the gluon hadronizations
in top decays we apply realistic and nonperturbative fragmentation functions
extracted through a global fit to $e^+e^-$ annihilation data from CERN LEP1 and
SLAC SLC by relying on their universality and scaling violations.


title:
Filterbased Stochastic Volatility in Continuous-Time Hidden Markov
  Models

abstract:
  Regime-switching models, in particular Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) where the
switching is driven by an unobservable Markov chain, are widely-used in
financial applications, due to their tractability and good econometric
properties. In this work we consider HMMs in continuous time with both constant
and switching volatility. In the continuous-time model with switching
volatility the underlying Markov chain could be observed due to this stochastic
volatility, and no estimation (filtering) of it is needed (in theory), while in
the discretized model or the model with constant volatility one has to filter
for the underlying Markov chain. The motivations for continuous-time models are
explicit computations in finance. To have a realistic model with unobservable
Markov chain in continuous time and good econometric properties we introduce a
regime-switching model where the volatility depends on the filter for the
underlying chain and state the filtering equations. We prove an approximation
result for a fixed information filtration and further motivate the model by
considering social learning arguments. We analyze its relation to the switching
volatility model and present a convergence result for the discretized model. We
then illustrate its econometric properties by considering numerical
simulations.


title:
Phase noise and squeezing spectra of the output field of an optical
  cavity containing an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate

abstract:
  We present a theoretical study of the phase noise, intensity and quadrature
squeezing power spectra of the transmitted field of a driven optical cavity
containing an interacting one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. We show how
the pattern of the output power spectrum of the cavity changes due to the
nonlinear effect of atomic collisions. Furthermore, it is shown that due to a
one-to-one correspondence between the splitting of the peaks in the phase noise
power spectrum of the cavity output field and the \textit{s}-wave scattering
frequency of the atom-atom interaction, one can measure the strength of
interatomic interaction. Besides, we show how the atomic collisions affect the
squeezing behavior of the output field.


title:
Galactic Center Mini-spiral by ALMA - Possible Origin of the Central
  Cluster

abstract:
  We present continuum images of the "Galactic Center Mini-spiral" of 100, 250,
and 340 GHz bands with the analysis of the Cy.0 data acquired from the Atacama
Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) archive. Pretty good UV coverage of
the data and the "self-calibration" method give us an opportunity to obtain
dynamic ranges of over 2x10^4 in the resultant maps of the 250 and 340 GHz
bands. In particular the image of the 340 GHz band has high dynamic ranges
unprecedented in sub-millimeter wave. The angular resolutions attain to
1.57"x1.33" in the 100 GHz band, 0.63"x0.53" in the 250 GHz band, and
0.44"x0.38" in the 340 GHz band, respectively. The continuum images clearly
depict the "Mini-spiral", which is an ionized gas stream in the vicinity of Sgr
A*. We found the tight correlation between the dust emission peaks and the
OB/WR stars in the Northern-arm of the "Mini-spiral". The core mass function of
the dust core identified by the clumpfind algorithm would obey the flat
power-law dN/dM=aM^-1.5+/-0.4 on the high-mass side. These support the scenario
that the star forming cloud has fallen into the immediate vicinity of Sgr A*
for the origin of the Central cluster.


title: The Resolution of an Entropy Puzzle for 4D non-BPS Black Holes

abstract:
  We show the equality between macroscopic and microscopic black hole entropy
for a class of four dimensional non-supersymmetric black holes in ${\cal N}=2$
supergravity theory, up to the first subleading order in their charges. This
solves a long standing entropy puzzle for this class of black holes. The
macroscopic entropy has been computed in the presence of a newly derived
higher-derivative supersymmetric invariant of \cite{{Butter:2013lta}},
connected to the five dimensional supersymmetric Weyl squared Lagrangian.
Microscopically, the crucial role in obtaining the equivalence is played by the
anomalous gauge gravitational Chern-Simons term.


title: Exact Solution Methods for the $k$-item Quadratic Knapsack Problem

abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to solve the 0-1 $k$-item quadratic knapsack
problem $(kQKP)$, a problem of maximizing a quadratic function subject to two
linear constraints. We propose an exact method based on semidefinite
optimization. The semidefinite relaxation used in our approach includes simple
rank one constraints, which can be handled efficiently by interior point
methods. Furthermore, we strengthen the relaxation by polyhedral constraints
and obtain approximate solutions to this semidefinite problem by applying a
bundle method. We review other exact solution methods and compare all these
approaches by experimenting with instances of various sizes and densities.


title:
MetaPalette: A $k$-mer painting approach for metagenomic taxonomic
  profiling and quantification of novel strain variation

abstract:
  Metagenomic profiling is challenging in part because of the highly uneven
sampling of the tree of life by genome sequencing projects and the limitations
imposed by performing phylogenetic inference at fixed taxonomic ranks. We
present the algorithm MetaPalette which uses long $k$-mer sizes ($k=30, 50$) to
fit a $k$-mer "palette" of a given sample to the $k$-mer palette of reference
organisms. By modeling the $k$-mer palettes of unknown organisms, the method
also gives an indication of the presence, abundance, and evolutionary
relatedness of novel organisms present in the sample. The method returns a
traditional, fixed-rank taxonomic profile which is shown on independently
simulated data to be one of the most accurate to date. Tree figures are also
returned that quantify the relatedness of novel organisms to reference
sequences and the accuracy of such figures is demonstrated on simulated
spike-ins and a metagenomic soil sample. The software implementing MetaPalette
is available at: https://github.com/dkoslicki/MetaPalette. Pre-trained
databases are included for Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and viruses.


title: Peranso - Light Curve and Period Analysis Software

abstract:
  A time series is a sample of observations of well-defined data points
obtained through repeated measurements over a certain time range. The analysis
of such data samples has become increasingly important not only in natural
science but also in many other fields of research. Peranso offers a complete
set of powerful light curve and period analysis functions to work with large,
astronomical data sets. Substantial attention has been given to ease-of-use and
data accuracy, making it one of the most productive time series analysis
software available. In this paper, we give an introduction to Peranso and its
functionality.


title: Atomicity related to non-additive integrability

abstract:
  In this paper we present some results concerning Gould integrability of
vector functions with respect to a monotone measure on finitely purely atomic
measure spaces. As an application a Radon-Nikodym theorem in this setting is
obtained.


title:
Existence of a minimal non-scattering solution to the mass-subcritical
  generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation

abstract:
  In this article, we prove existence of a non-scattering solution, which is
minimal in some sense, to the mass-subcritical generalized Korteweg-de Vries
(gKdV) equation in the scale critical ^L^r space. We construct this solution by
a concentration compactness argument. Then, key ingredients are a linear
profile decomposition result adopted to ^L^r-framework and approximation of
solutions to the gKdV equation which involves rapid linear oscillation by means
of solutions to the nonlinear Schr"odinger equation.


title:
Image Restoration: A General Wavelet Frame Based Model and Its
  Asymptotic Analysis

abstract:
  Image restoration is one of the most important areas in imaging science.
Mathematical tools have been widely used in image restoration, where wavelet
frame based approach is one of the successful examples. In this paper, we
introduce a generic wavelet frame based image restoration model, called the
"general model", which includes most of the existing wavelet frame based models
as special cases. Moreover, the general model also includes examples that are
new to the literature. Motivated by our earlier studies [1-3], We provide an
asymptotic analysis of the general model as image resolution goes to infinity,
which establishes a connection between the general model in discrete setting
and a new variatonal model in continuum setting. The variational model also
includes some of the existing variational models as special cases, such as the
total generalized variational model proposed by [4]. In the end, we introduce
an algorithm solving the general model and present one numerical simulation as
an example.


title:
Global Synchronization Protection for Bandwidth Sharing TCP Flows in
  High-Speed Links

abstract:
  In a congested network link, synchronization effects between
bandwidth-sharing TCP flows cause wide queue length oscillations, which may
translate into poor link utilization if insufficiently buffered. We introduce
global synchronization protection (GSP), a simple extension to the ordinary
operation of a tail-drop queue that safely suppresses the flow synchronization.
Our minimalistic solution is well suited for scaling with leading-edge link
rates: it adds only few extra operations in the fast path and does not require
accelerated memory access compared to the line rate. GSP makes it easier to
provide advanced control of TCP congestion in high-speed links and in low-power
packet processing hardware. Using experiments with a Linux prototype of GSP, we
show that, despite its exclusive focus on removing global synchronization, the
new scheme performs as well as far more complex active queue management (AQM)
schemes like CoDel and PIE.


title: UV-Optical Observation of Type Ia Supernova SN 2013dy in NGC 7250

abstract:
  Extensive and independent observations of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2013dy
are presented, including a larger set of $UBVRI$ photometry and optical spectra
from a few days before the peak brightness to $\sim$ 200 days after explosion,
and ultraviolet (UV) photometry spanning from $t \approx -10$ days to $t
\approx\ +15$ days referring to the $B$ band maximum. The peak brightness
(i.e., $M_{\rm B} = -19.65 \pm 0.40$ mag, $L_{\rm max} = [1.95 \pm 0.55] \times
10^{43}$ erg s$^{-1}$) and the mass of synthesised $^{56}$Ni (i.e.,
$M$($^{56}$Ni) = 0.90 $\pm$ 0.26 M$_{\odot}$) are calculated, and they conform
to the expectation for a SN Ia with a slow decline rate (i.e., $\Delta
m_{15}(B)$ = 0.90 $\pm$ 0.03 mag, Phillips 1993). However, the near infrared
(NIR) brightness of this SN (i.e., $M_{\rm H} = -17.33 \pm 0.30$ mag) is at
least 1.0 mag fainter than usual. Besides, spectroscopy classification reveals
that SN 2013dy resides on the border of "core normal" and "shallow silicon"
subclasses in the Branch et al. (2009) classification scheme, or on the border
of the "normal velocity" SNe Ia and 91T/99aa-like events in the Wang et al.
(2009a) system. These suggest that SN 2013dy is a slow-declining SN Ia located
on the transitional region of nominal spectroscopic subclasses and might not be
a typical normal sample of SNe Ia.


title: Geo-spatial Location Spoofing Detection for Internet of Things

abstract:
  We develop a new location spoofing detection algorithm for geo-spatial
tagging and location-based services in the Internet of Things (IoT), called
Enhanced Location Spoofing Detection using Audibility (ELSA) which can be
implemented at the backend server without modifying existing legacy IoT
systems. ELSA is based on a statistical decision theory framework and uses
two-way time-of-arrival (TW-TOA) information between the user's device and the
anchors. In addition to the TW-TOA information, ELSA exploits the implicit
available audibility information to improve detection rates of location
spoofing attacks. Given TW-TOA and audibility information, we derive the
decision rule for the verification of the device's location, based on the
generalized likelihood ratio test. We develop a practical threat model for
delay measurements spoofing scenarios, and investigate in detail the
performance of ELSA in terms of detection and false alarm rates. Our extensive
simulation results on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate the
superior performance of ELSA compared to conventional non-audibility-aware
approaches.


title: Schwinger Effect, Hawking Radiation, and Unruh Effect

abstract:
  We revisit the Schwinger effect in de Sitter, anti-de Sitter spaces and
charged black holes, and explore the interplay between quantum electrodynamics
and the quantum gravity effect at one-loop level. We then advance a thermal
interpretation of the Schwinger effect in curved spacetimes. Finally, we show
that the Schwinger effect in a near-extremal black hole differs from Hawking
radiation of charged particles in a non-extremal black hole and is factorized
into those in an anti-de Sitter space and a Rindler space with the surface
gravity for acceleration.


title: Shrinking random $\beta$-transformation

abstract:
  For any $n\geq 3$, let $1<\beta<2$ be the largest positive real number
satisfying the equation $$\beta^n=\beta^{n-2}+\beta^{n-3}+\cdots+\beta+1.$$ In
this paper we define the shrinking random $\beta$-transformation $K$ and
investigate natural invariant measures for $K$, and the induced tranformation
of $K$ on a special subset of the domain. We prove that both transformations
have a unique measure of maximal entropy. However, the measure induced from the
intrinsically ergodic measure for $K$ is not the intrinsically ergodic measure
for the induced system.


title: Localization and sheaves of glider representations

abstract:
  The notion of a glider representation of a chain of normal subgroups of a
group is defined by a new structure, i.e. a fragment for a suitable filtration
on the group ring. This is a special case of general glider representations
defined for a positively filtered ring $R$ with filtration $FR$ and subring $S
= F_0R$. Nice examples appear for chains of groups, chains of Lie algebras,
rings of differential operators on some variety or $V$-gliders for $W$ for
algebraic varieties $V$ and $W$. This paper aims to develop a scheme theory for
glider representations via the localizations of filtered modules. With an eye
to noncommutative geometry we allow schemes over noncommutative rings with
particular attention to so-called almost commutative rings. We consider
particular cases of $\mathrm{Proj}~ R$ (e.g. for some P.I. ring $R$) in terms
of prime ideals, $R$-tors in terms of torsion theories and
$\underline{\mathcal{W}}(R)$ in terms of a noncommutative Grothendieck topology
based on words of Ore set localizations.


title:
An extended Kundu-Eckhaus equation for modeling dynamics of rogue waves
  in a chaotic wave-current field

abstract:
  In this paper we propose an extended Kundu-Eckhaus equation (KEE) for
modeling the dynamics of skewed rogue waves emerging in the vicinity of a wave
blocking point due to opposing current. The equation we propose is a KEE with
an additional potential term therefore the results presented in this paper can
easily be generalized to study the quantum tunneling properties of the rogue
waves and ultrashort (femtosecond) pulses of the KEE. In the frame of the
extended KEE, we numerically show that the chaotic perturbations of the ocean
current trigger the occurrence of the rogue waves on the ocean surface. We
propose and implement a split-step scheme and show that the extended KEE that
we propose is unstable against random chaotic perturbations in the current
profile. These perturbations transform the monochromatic wave field into a
chaotic sea state with many peaks. We numerically show that the shapes of rogue
waves due to perturbations in the current profile closely follow the form of
rational rogue wave solutions, especially for the central peak. We also discuss
the effects of magnitude of the chaotic current perturbations on the statistics
of the rogue wave occurrence.


title: Topological D+p-wave superconductivity in Rashba systems

abstract:
  We show two-dimensional "strong" topological superconductivity in d-wave
superconductors (SCs). Although the topological invariant of the bulk wave
function cannot be defined in d_{x^2-y^2}-wave and d_{xy}-wave SCs because of
nodal excitations, the bulk energy spectrum of d-wave SCs on a substrate is
fully gapped in a magnetic field. Then the superconducting state is specified
by a nontrivial Chern number, and hence topologically nontrivial properties are
robust against disorders and interactions. We discuss high-temperature
topological superconductivity in cuprate SCs recently fabricated on a
substrate. Furthermore, we show that the three-dimensional noncentrosymmetric
d-wave SC is a Weyl SC hosting topologically protected Weyl nodes.
Noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion SCs, such as CeRhSi_3 and CeIrSi_3, are
candidates for Weyl SCs.


title:
Growth in multi-component alloys: Theoretical and numerical
  determination of phase concentrations

abstract:
  Understanding the role of solute diffusivities in equilibrium tie-line
selection during growth of a second phase in ternary and higher multicomponent
two phase alloys is an important problem due to the strong dependence of
mechanical properties on compositions. In this paper, we derive analytical
expressions for predicting tie-lines and composition profiles in the matrix
during growth of planar and cylindrical precipitates with the assumption of
diagonal diffusivity matrices. We confirm our calculations by sharp interface
and phase field simulations. The numerical techniques are in turn utilized for
investigating the role of off-diagonal entries in the diffusivity matrix. In
addition, the sharp interface methods allow for the tracking of the tie-line
compositions during growth of 2D precipitates which contribute to an
understanding of the change in equilibrium tie-lines chosen by the system
during growth.


title: Hedonic Games with Graph-restricted Communication

abstract:
  We study hedonic coalition formation games in which cooperation among the
players is restricted by a graph structure: a subset of players can form a
coalition if and only if they are connected in the given graph. We investigate
the complexity of finding stable outcomes in such games, for several notions of
stability. In particular, we provide an efficient algorithm that finds an
individually stable partition for an arbitrary hedonic game on an acyclic
graph. We also introduce a new stability concept -in-neighbor stability- which
is tailored for our setting. We show that the problem of finding an in-neighbor
stable outcome admits a polynomial-time algorithm if the underlying graph is a
path, but is NP-hard for arbitrary trees even for additively separable hedonic
games; for symmetric additively separable games we obtain a PLS-hardness
result.


title:
Some identities of Chebyshev polynomials arising from nonlinear
  differential equations

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate some properties of Chebyshev polynomials
arising from non-linear differential equations. From our investigation, we
derive some new and interesting identities on Chebyshev polynomials.


title:
Standard quantum limit of angular motion of a suspended mirror and
  homodyne detection of ponderomotively squeezed vacuum field

abstract:
  Compared to the quantum noise in the measurement of the translational motion
of a suspended mirror using laser light, the quantum noise in the measurement
of the angular motion of a suspended mirror has not been investigated
intensively despite its potential importance. In this article, an expression
for the quantum noise in the angular motion measurement is explicitly derived.
The expression indicates that one quadrature of the vacuum field of the
first-order Hermite-Gaussian mode of light causes quantum sensing noise and the
other causes quantum backaction noise, or in other words the first-order vacuum
field is ponderomotively squeezed. It is also shown that the Gouy phase shift
the light acquires between the mirror and the position of detection of the
light corresponds to the homodyne angle. Therefore, the quantum backaction
noise can be cancelled and the standard quantum limit can be surpassed by
choosing the appropriate position of detection analogously to the cancellation
of quantum radiation pressure noise by choosing an appropriate homodyne angle.


title: Bayesian hierarchical modelling of weak lensing - the golden goal

abstract:
  To accomplish correct Bayesian inference from weak lensing shear data
requires a complete statistical description of the data. The natural framework
to do this is a Bayesian Hierarchical Model, which divides the chain of
reasoning into component steps. Starting with a catalogue of shear estimates in
tomographic bins, we build a model that allows us to sample simultaneously from
the the underlying tomographic shear fields and the relevant power spectra
(E-mode, B-mode, and E-B, for auto- and cross-power spectra). The procedure
deals easily with masked data and intrinsic alignments. Using Gibbs sampling
and messenger fields, we show with simulated data that the large (over
67000-)dimensional parameter space can be efficiently sampled and the full
joint posterior probability density function for the parameters can feasibly be
obtained. The method correctly recovers the underlying shear fields and all of
the power spectra, including at levels well below the shot noise.


title: Probing O-enrichment in C-rich dust planetary nebulae

abstract:
  The abundance of O in planetary nebulae (PNe) has been historically used as a
metallicity indicator of the interstellar medium (ISM) where they originated;
e.g., it has been widely used to study metallicity gradients in our Galaxy and
beyond. However, clear observational evidence for O self enrichment in
low-metallicity Galactic PNe with C-rich dust has been recently reported. Here
we report asymptotic giant branch (AGB) nucleosynthesis predictions for the
abundances of the CNO elements and helium in the metallicity range Zsun/4 < Z <
2Zsun. Our AGB models, with diffusive overshooting from all the convective
borders, predict that O is overproduced in low-Z low-mass (~1-3 Msun) AGB stars
and nicely reproduce the recent O overabundances observed in C-rich dust PNe.
This confirms that O is not always a good proxy of the original ISM metallicity
and another chemical elements such as Cl or Ar should be used instead. The
production of oxygen by low-mass stars should be thus considered in
galactic-evolution models.


title: Local Li-Yau's estimates on $RCD^*(K,N)$ metric measure spaces

abstract:
  In this paper, we will study the (linear) geometric analysis on metric
measure spaces. We will establish a local Li-Yau's estimate for weak solutions
of the heat equation and prove a sharp Yau's gradient gradient for harmonic
functions on metric measure spaces, under the Riemannian curvature-dimension
condition $RCD^*(K,N).$


title: OH 18 cm Transition as a Thermometer for Molecular Clouds

abstract:
  We have observed the four hyperfine components of the 18 cm OH transition
toward the translucent cloud eastward of Heiles Cloud 2 (HCL2E), the cold dark
cloud L134N, and the photodissociation region of the $\rho$-Ophiuchi molecular
cloud with the Effelsberg 100 m telescope. We have found intensity anomalies
amongst the hyperfine components in all three regions. In particular, an
absorption feature of the 1612 MHz satellite line against the cosmic microwave
background has been detected toward HCL2E and two positions of the
$\rho$-Ophiuchi molecular cloud. On the basis of statistical equilibrium
calculations, we find that the hyperfine anomalies originate from the non-LTE
population of the hyperfine levels, and can be used to determine the kinetic
temperature of the gas over a wide range of H$_2$ density (10$^2$ - 10$^7$
cm$^{-3}$). Toward the center of HCL2E, the gas kinetic temperature is
determined to be 53$\pm$1 K, and it increases toward the cloud peripheries
($\sim$ 60 K). The ortho-to-para ratio of H$_2$ is determined to be 3.5 $\pm$
0.9 from the averaged spectrum for the 8 positions. In L134N, a similar
increase of the temperature is also seen toward the periphery. In the
$\rho$-Ophiuchi molecular cloud, the gas kinetic temperature decreases as a
function of the distance from the exciting star HD147889. These results
demonstrate a new aspect of the OH 18 cm line as a good thermometer of
molecular cloud envelopes. The OH 18 cm line can be used to trace a new class
of warm molecular gas surrounding a molecular cloud, which is not well traced
by emission of CO and its isotopologues.


title:
Modeling Dependence Dynamics of Air Pollution: Pollution Risk Simulation
  and Prediction of PM$_{2.5}$ Levels

abstract:
  The first part of this paper introduces a portfolio approach for quantifying
the risk measures of pollution risk in the presence of dependence of PM$_{2.5}$
concentration of cities. The model is based on a copula dependence structure.
For assessing model parameters, we analyze a limited data set of PM$_{2.5}$
levels of Beijing, Tianjin, Chengde, Hengshui, and Xingtai. This process
reveals a better fit for the t-copula dependence structure with generalized
hyperbolic marginal distributions for the PM$_{2.5}$ log-ratios of the cities.
Furthermore, we show how to efficiently simulate risk measures
clean-air-at-risk and conditional clean-air-at-risk using importance sampling
and stratified importance sampling. Our numerical results show that
clean-air-at-risk at 0.01 probability level reaches up to 352 {\mu}gm-3
(initial PM$_{2.5}$ concentrations of cities are assumed to be 100 {\mu}gm-3)
for the constructed sample portfolio, and proposed methods are much more
efficient than a naive simulation for computing the exceeding probabilities and
conditional excesses.
  In the second part, we predict PM$_{2.5}$ levels of the next three-hour
period of four Chinese cities, Beijing, Chengde, Xingtai, and Zhangjiakou. For
this purpose, we use the pollution and weather data collected from the stations
located in these four cities. Instead of coding the machine learning
algorithms, we employ a state-of-the-art machine learning library, Torch7. This
allows us to try out the state-of-the-art machine learning methods like long
short-term memory (LSTM). Unfortunately, due to small data size and lots of
missing values (when we combined the features of the cities) in the data, LSTM
does not perform better than a multilayer perceptron. However, we get a
classification accuracy above 0.72 on the test data.


title: Relative Error Embeddings for the Gaussian Kernel Distance

abstract:
  A reproducing kernel can define an embedding of a data point into an infinite
dimensional reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). The norm in this space
describes a distance, which we call the kernel distance. The random Fourier
features (of Rahimi and Recht) describe an oblivious approximate mapping into
finite dimensional Euclidean space that behaves similar to the RKHS. We show in
this paper that for the Gaussian kernel the Euclidean norm between these mapped
to features has $(1+\epsilon)$-relative error with respect to the kernel
distance. When there are $n$ data points, we show that $O((1/\epsilon^2)
\log(n))$ dimensions of the approximate feature space are sufficient and
necessary.
  Without a bound on $n$, but when the original points lie in $\mathbb{R}^d$
and have diameter bounded by $\mathcal{M}$, then we show that $O((d/\epsilon^2)
\log(\mathcal{M}))$ dimensions are sufficient, and that this many are required,
up to $\log(1/\epsilon)$ factors.


title:
Energy-Efficient Joint Congestion Control and Resource Optimization in
  Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks

abstract:
  The heterogeneous cloud radio access network (HCRAN) is a promising paradigm
which integrates the advantages of cloud radio access network (C-RAN) and
heterogeneous network (HetNet). In this paper, we study the joint congestion
control and resource optimization to explore the energy efficiency
(EE)-guaranteed tradeoff between throughput utility and delay performance in a
downlink slotted H-CRAN. We formulate the considered problem as a stochastic
optimization problem, which maximizes the utility of average throughput and
maintains the network stability subject to required EE constraint and transmit
power consumption constraints by traffic admission control, user association,
resource block allocation and power allocation. Leveraging on the Lyapunov
optimization technique, the stochastic optimization problem can be transformed
and decomposed into three separate subproblems which can be solved concurrently
at each slot. The third mixed-integer nonconvex subproblem is efficiently
solved utilizing the continuity relaxation of binary variables and the Lagrange
dual decomposition method. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposal can
quantitatively control the throughput-delay performance tradeoff with required
EE performance. Simulation results consolidate the theoretical analysis and
demonstrate the advantages of the proposal from the prospective of queue
stability and power consumption.


title: Recommendations as Treatments: Debiasing Learning and Evaluation

abstract:
  Most data for evaluating and training recommender systems is subject to
selection biases, either through self-selection by the users or through the
actions of the recommendation system itself. In this paper, we provide a
principled approach to handling selection biases, adapting models and
estimation techniques from causal inference. The approach leads to unbiased
performance estimators despite biased data, and to a matrix factorization
method that provides substantially improved prediction performance on
real-world data. We theoretically and empirically characterize the robustness
of the approach, finding that it is highly practical and scalable.


title:
Spectral weight suppression in response functions of ultracold
  fermion-boson mixtures

abstract:
  We study the dynamical response of ultracold fermion-boson mixture in the
Bogoliubov regime, where the interactions between fermionic impurities and
bosonic excitations (phonons) are described by an effective Frohlich model
under the Bogoliubov approximation. A characteristic suppression of the
single-particle spectral weight is found in the small momentum region where the
impurity band and phonon mode intersect. Using diagrammatic technique we
compute the Bragg spectra as well as the momentum dependent force-force
correlation function. We fnd that both of them are heavily affected by the
spectral weight suppression effect at low impurity densities in both 1D and 2D
systems. We show that the the spectral weight suppression feature in Bragg
spectra, which was previously found in the quantum Monte Carlo simulations and
which cannot be recovered by the random phase approximation, can be accurately
reproduced with the help of vertex corrections.


title:
An $hp$-Adaptive Newton-Galerkin Finite Element Procedure for Semilinear
  Boundary Value Problems

abstract:
  In this paper we develop an $hp$-adaptive procedure for the numerical
solution of general, semilinear elliptic boundary value problems in 1d, with
possible singular perturbations. Our approach combines both a prediction-type
adaptive Newton method and an $hp$-version adaptive finite element
discretization (based on a robust a posteriori residual analysis), thereby
leading to a fully $hp$-adaptive Newton-Galerkin scheme. Numerical experiments
underline the robustness and reliability of the proposed approach for various
examples.


title:
Derivation of the Boltzmann equation: hard spheres, short-range
  potentials and beyond

abstract:
  We review some results concerning the derivation of the Boltzmann equation
starting from the many-body classical Hamiltonian dynamics. In particular, the
celebrated paper by O. E. Lanford III and the more recent papers [13, 23] are
discussed.


title: Studies on Regional Wealth Inequalities: the case of Italy

abstract:
  The paper contains a short review of techniques examining regional wealth
inequalities based on recently published research work but is also presenting
unpublished features.
  The data pertains to Italy (IT), over the period 2007-2011: the number of
cities in regions, the number of inhabitants in cities and in regions, as well
as the aggregated tax income of the cities and of regions. Frequency-size plots
and cumulative distribution function plots, scatter plots and rank-size plots
are displayed. The rank-size rule of a few cases is discussed. Yearly data of
the aggregated tax income is transformed into a few indicators: the Gini,
Theil, and Herfindahl-Hirschman indices. Numerical results confirm that IT is
divided into very different regional realities. One region is selected for a
short discussion: Molise.
  A note on the "first digit Benford law" for testing data validity is
presented.


title: Energy transport between two integrable spin chains

abstract:
  We study the energy transport in a system of two half-infinite XXZ chains
initially kept separated at different temperatures, and later connected and let
free to evolve unitarily. By changing independently the parameters of the two
halves, we highlight, through bosonisation and time-dependent
matrix-product-state simulations, the different contributions of low-lying
bosonic modes and of fermionic quasi-particles to the energy transport. In the
simulations we also observe that the energy current reaches a finite value
which only slowly decays to zero. The general pictures that emerges is the
following. Since integrability is only locally broken in this model, a
pre-equilibration behaviour may appear. In particular, when the sound
velocities of the bosonic modes of the two halves match, the low-temperature
energy current is almost stationary and described by a formula with a
non-universal prefactor interpreted as a transmission coefficient.
Thermalisation, characterized by the absence of any energy flow, occurs only on
longer time-scales which are not accessible with our numerics.


title: Chaos synchronization by resonance of multiple delay times

abstract:
  Chaos synchronization may arise in networks of nonlinear units with delayed
couplings. We study complete and sublattice synchronization generated by
resonance of two large time delays with a specific ratio. As it is known for
single delay networks, the number of synchronized sublattices is determined by
the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of the network loops lengths. We demonstrate
analytically the GCD condition in networks of iterated Bernouilli maps with
multiple delay times and complement our analytic results by numerical phase
diagrams, providing parameter regions showing complete and sublattice
synchronization by resonance for Tent and Bernouilli maps. We compare networks
with the same GCD with single and multiple delays, and we investigate the
sensitivity of the correlation to a detuning between the delays in a network of
coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators. Moreover, the GCD condition also allows to
detect time delay resonances leading to high correlations in non-synchronizable
networks. Specifically, GCD-induced resonances are observed both in a chaotic
asymmetric network and in doubly connected rings of delay-coupled noisy linear
oscillators.


title:
Potential theoretic approach to Schauder estimates for the fractional
  Laplacian

abstract:
  We present an elementary approach for the proof of Schauder estimates for the
equation $(-\Delta)^s u(x)=f(x), \,0<s<1$, with $f$ having a modulus of
continuity $\omega_f$, based on the Poisson representation formula and dyadic
ball approximation argument. We give the explicit modulus of continuity of $u$
in balls $B_r(x)\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ in terms of $\omega_f$.


title:
Non-perturbative emergence of non-Fermi liquid behaviour in $d=2$
  quantum critical metals

abstract:
  We consider the planar local patch approximation of $d=2$ fermions at finite
density coupled to a critical boson. In the quenched or Bloch-Nordsieck
approximation, where one takes the limit of fermion flavors $N_f\rightarrow 0$,
the fermion spectral function can be determined {exactly}. We show that one can
obtain this non-perturbative answer thanks to a specific identity of fermionic
two-point functions in the planar local patch approximation. The resulting
spectrum is that of a non-Fermi liquid: quasiparticles are not part of the
exact fermionic excitation spectrum of the theory. Instead one finds continuous
spectral weight with power law scaling excitations as in a $d=1$ dimensional
critical state. Moreover, at low energies there are three such excitations at
three different Fermi surfaces, two with a low energy Green's function $G \sim
(\omega-v_*k)^{-1/2}$ and one with $G \sim |\omega+k|^{-1/3}$.


title: Three-dimensional Phase Field Quasicrystals

abstract:
  We investigate the formation and stability of icosahedral quasicrytalline
structures using a dynamic phase field crystal model. Nonlinear interactions
between density waves at two length scales stabilize three-dimensional
quasicrystals. We determine the phase diagram and parameter values required for
the quasicrystal to be the global minimum free energy state. We demonstrate
that traits that promote the formation of two-dimensional quasicrystals are
extant in three dimensions, and highlight the characteristics required for 3D
soft matter quasicrystal formation.


title: Spatially resolved dust emission of extremely metal poor galaxies

abstract:
  We present infrared (IR) spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of individual
star-forming regions in four extremely metal poor (EMP) galaxies with
metallicity Z around Zsun/10 as observed by the Herschel Space Observatory.
With the good wavelength coverage of the SED, it is found that these EMP
star-forming regions show distinct SED shapes as compared to those of grand
design Spirals and higher metallicity dwarfs: they have on average much higher
f70um/f160um ratios at a given f160um/f250um ratio; single modified black-body
(MBB) fittings to the SED at \lambda >= 100 um still reveal higher dust
temperatures and lower emissivity indices compared to that of Spirals, while
two MBB fittings to the full SED with a fixed emissivity index (beta = 2) show
that even at 100 um about half of the emission comes from warm (50 K) dust, in
contrast to the cold (~20 K) dust component. Our spatially resolved images
further reveal that the far-IR colors including f70um/f160um, f160um/f250um and
f250um/f350um are all related to the surface densities of young stars as traced
by far-UV, 24 um and SFRs, but not to the stellar mass surface densities. This
suggests that the dust emitting at wavelengths from 70 um to 350 um is
primarily heated by radiation from young stars.


title: Distributions of quasar hosts on the galaxy main-sequence plane

abstract:
  The relation between star formation rates and stellar masses, i.e. the galaxy
main sequence, is a useful diagnostic of galaxy evolution. We present the
distributions relative to the main sequence of 55 optically-selected PG and 12
near-IR-selected 2MASS quasars at z <= 0.5. We estimate the quasar host stellar
masses from Hubble Space Telescope or ground-based AO photometry, and the star
formation rates through the mid-infrared aromatic features and far-IR
photometry. We find that PG quasar hosts more or less follow the main sequence
defined by normal star-forming galaxies while 2MASS quasar hosts lie
systematically above the main sequence. PG and 2MASS quasars with higher
nuclear luminosities seem to have higher specific SFRs (sSFRs), although there
is a large scatter. No trends are seen between sSFRs and SMBH masses, Eddington
ratios or even morphology types (ellipticals, spirals and mergers). Our results
could be placed in an evolutionary scenario with quasars emerging during the
transition from ULIRGs/mergers to ellipticals. However, combined with results
at higher redshift, they suggest that quasars can be widely triggered in normal
galaxies as long as they contain abundant gas and have ongoing star formation.


title:
Formation and recondensation of complex organic molecules during
  protostellar luminosity outbursts

abstract:
  During the formation of stars, the accretion of the surrounding material
toward the central object is thought to undergo strong luminosity outbursts,
followed by long periods of relative quiescence, even at the early stages of
star formation when the protostar is still embedded in a large envelope. We
investigated the gas phase formation and the recondensation of the complex
organic molecules (COMs) di-methyl ether and methyl formate, induced by sudden
ice evaporation processes occurring during luminosity outbursts of different
amplitudes in protostellar envelopes. For this purpose, we updated a gas phase
chemical network forming complex organic molecules in which ammonia plays a key
role. The model calculations presented here demonstrate that ion-molecule
reactions alone could account for the observed presence of di-methyl ether and
methyl formate in a large fraction of protostellar cores, without recourse to
grain-surface chemistry, although they depend on uncertain ice abundances and
gas phase reaction branching ratios. In spite of the short outburst timescales
of about one hundred years, abundance ratios of the considered species with
respect to methanol higher than 10 % are predicted during outbursts due to
their low binding energies relative to water and methanol that delay their
recondensation during the cooling. Although the current luminosity of most
embedded protostars would be too low to produce these complex species in hot
core regions that can be observable with current sub-millimetric
interferometers, previous luminosity outburst events would induce a formation
of COMs in extended regions of protostellar envelopes with sizes increasing by
up to one order of magnitude.


title: A Specification of Open Transactional Memory for Haskell

abstract:
  Transactional memory (TM) has emerged as a promising abstraction for
concurrent programming alternative to lock-based synchronizations. However,
most TM models admit only isolated transactions, which are not adequate in
multi-threaded programming where transactions have to interact via shared data
before committing. In this paper, we present Open Transactional Memory (OTM), a
programming abstraction supporting safe, data-driven interactions between
composable memory transactions. This is achieved by relaxing isolation between
transactions, still ensuring atomicity: threads of different transactions can
interact by accessing shared variables, but then their transactions have to
commit together-actually, these transactions are transparently merged. This
model allows for loosely-coupled interactions since transaction merging is
driven only by accesses to shared data, with no need to specify participants
beforehand. In this paper we provide a specification of the OTM in the setting
of Concurrent Haskell, showing that it is a conservative extension of current
STM abstraction. In particular, we provide a formal semantics, which allows us
to prove that OTM satisfies the \emph{opacity} criterion.


title: Quantum Walk in Degenerate Spin Environments

abstract:
  We study the propagation of a hole in degenerate (paramagnetic) spin
environments. This canonical problem has important connections to a number of
physical systems, and is perfectly suited for experimental realization with
ultra-cold atoms in an optical lattice. At the short-to-intermediate timescale
that we can access using a stochastic-series-type numeric scheme, the
propagation turns out to be distinctly non-diffusive with the proba- bility
distribution featuring minima in both space and time due to quantum
interference, yet the motion is not ballistic, except at the beginning. We
discuss possible scenarios for long-term evolution that could be explored with
an unprecedented degree of detail in experiments with single-atom resolved
imaging.


title: Optical Properties of Pure and Mixed Germanium and Silicon Quantum Dots

abstract:
  We study the optical properties of hydrogen passivated silicon, germanium and
mixed Ge/Si core/shell quantum dots (QDs) using high accuracy Density
Functional Theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDFT). We employ the hybrid DFT
functional of Becke, Lee, Yang and Parr (B3LYP) in combination with good
quality basis sets. As we have shown in our previous work, this combination is
an accurate and computationally efficient way for such calculations. The mixed
quantum dots, as would be expected, are more versatile and offer more
possibilities for band gap engineering, with gap values (electronic and
optical) between those of the corresponding Si and Ge dots. Our results support
the quantum confinement theory for all three types of QDs.


title: Ultra-Flat Galaxies Selected from RFGC Catalog. I. The Sample Properties

abstract:
  We used the Revised Flat Galaxy Catalog (RFGC) to create a sample of
ultra-flat galaxies (UFG) covering the whole northern and southern sky apart
from the Milky Way zone. It contains 817 spiral galaxies seen edge-on, selected
into the UFG sample according to their apparent axial ratios $(a/b)_B\geq10.0$
and $(a/b)_R\geq8.53$ in the blue and red bands, respectively. Within this
basic sample we fixed an exemplary sample of 441 UFG galaxies having the radial
velocities of $V_{LG} < 10000$ km s$^{-1}$, Galactic latitude of $\mid
b\mid>10^{\circ}$ and the blue angular diameter of $a_B > 1.0^{\prime}$.
According to the Schmidt test the exemplary sample of 441 galaxies is
characterized by about (80-90)% completeness, what is quite enough to study
different properties of the ultra-flat galaxies. We found that more than 3/4 of
UFGs have the morphological types within the narrow range of $T= 7\pm1$, i.e.
the thinnest stellar disks occur among the Scd, Sd, and Sdm types. The average
surface brightness of UFG galaxies tends to diminish towards the flattest
bulge-less galaxies. Regularly shaped disks without signs of asymmetry make up
about 2/3 both among all the RFGC galaxies, and the UFG sample objects. About
60% of ultra-flat galaxies can be referred to dynamically isolated objects,
while 30% of them probably belong to the scattered associations (filaments,
walls), and only about 10% of them are dynamically dominating galaxies with
respect to their neighbours.


title:
On Harmonic Analysis Operators in Laguerre-Dunkl and
  Laguerre-Symmetrized Settings

abstract:
  We study several fundamental harmonic analysis operators in the
multi-dimensional context of the Dunkl harmonic oscillator and the underlying
group of reflections isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}_2^d$. Noteworthy, we admit
negative values of the multiplicity functions. Our investigations include
maximal operators, $g$-functions, Lusin area integrals, Riesz transforms and
multipliers of Laplace and Laplace-Stieltjes type. By means of the general
Calder\'on-Zygmund theory we prove that these operators are bounded on weighted
$L^p$ spaces, $1 < p < \infty$, and from weighted $L^1$ to weighted weak $L^1$.
We also obtain similar results for analogous set of operators in the closely
related multi-dimensional Laguerre-symmetrized framework. The latter emerges
from a symmetrization procedure proposed recently by the first two authors. As
a by-product of the main developments we get some new results in the
multi-dimensional Laguerre function setting of convolution type.


title: Super-stretchable borophene and its stability under straining

abstract:
  Recent success in synthesizing two-dimensional borophene on silver substrate
attracts strong interest in exploring its possible extraordinary physical
properties. By using the density functional theory calculations, we show that
borophene is highly stretchable along the transverse direction. The
strain-to-failure in the transverse direction is nearly twice as that along the
longitudinal direction. The straining induced flattening and subsequent stretch
of the flat borophene are accounted for the large strain-to-failure for tension
in the transverse direction. The mechanical properties in the other two
directions exhibit strong anisotropy. Phonon dispersions of the strained
borophene monolayers suggest that negative frequencies are presented, which
indicates the instability of free-standing borophene even under high tensile
stress.


title:
R\'enyi entropies of the highly-excited states of multidimensional
  harmonic oscillators by use of strong Laguerre asymptotics

abstract:
  The R\'enyi entropies $R_{p}[\rho]$, $p>0,\neq 1$ of the highly-excited
quantum states of the $D$-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator are
analytically determined by use of the strong asymptotics of the orthogonal
polynomials which control the wavefunctions of these states, the Laguerre
polynomials. This Rydberg energetic region is where the transition from
classical to quantum correspondence takes place. We first realize that these
entropies are closely connected to the entropic moments of the
quantum-mechanical probability $\rho_n(\vec{r})$ density of the Rydberg
wavefunctions $\Psi_{n,l,\{\mu\}}(\vec{r})$; so, to the $\mathcal{L}_{p}$-norms
of the associated Laguerre polynomials. Then, we determine the asymptotics
$n\to\infty$ of these norms by use of modern techniques of approximation theory
based on the strong Laguerre asymptotics. Finally, we determine the dominant
term of the R\'enyi entropies of the Rydberg states explicitly in terms of the
hyperquantum numbers ($n,l$), the parameter order $p$ and the universe
dimensionality $D$ for all possible cases $D\ge 1$. We find that (a) the
R\'enyi entropy power decreases monotonically as the order $p$ is increasing
and (b) the disequilibrium (closely related to the second order R\'enyi
entropy), which quantifies the separation of the electron distribution from
equiprobability, has a quasi-Gaussian behavior in terms of $D$.


title: Secret Sharing Homomorphism and Secure E-voting

abstract:
  Secure E-voting is a challenging protocol. Several approaches based on
homomorphic crypto systems, mix-nets blind signatures are proposed in the
literature .But most of them need complicated homomorphic encryption which
involves complicated encryption decryption process and key management which is
not efficient. In this paper we propose a secure and efficient E-voting scheme
based on secret sharing homomorphism. Here E-voting is viewed as special case
of multi party computation where several voters jointly compute the result
without revealing his vote. Secret sharing schemes are good alternative for
secure multi party computation and are computationally efficient and secure
compared with the cryptographic techniques. It is the first proposal, which
makes use of the additive homomorphic property of the Shamir secret sharing
scheme and the encoding decoding of votes to obtain the individual votes
obtained by each candidate apart from the election result. We have achieved
integrity and privacy while keeping the efficiency of the system.


title: Implicit Kripke Semantics and Ultraproducts in Stratified Institutions

abstract:
  We propose stratified institutions (a decade old generalised version of the
theory of institutions of Goguen and Burstall) as a fully abstract model
theoretic approach to modal logic. This allows for a uniform treatment of model
theoretic aspects across the great multiplicity of contemporary modal logic
systems. Moreover Kripke semantics (in all its manifold variations) is captured
in an implicit manner free from the sometimes bulky aspects of explicit Kripke
structures, also accommodating other forms of concrete semantics for modal
logic systems. The conceptual power of stratified institutions is illustrated
with the development of a modal ultraproducts method that is independent of the
concrete details of the actual modal logical systems. Consequently, a wide
array of compactness results in concrete modal logics may be derived easily.


title:
Separation of branches of O(N-1)-invariant solutions for a semilinear
  elliptic equation

abstract:
  We consider a semilinear elliptic problem in an annulus of R^N, with N>1.
Recent results ensure that there exists a sequence p_k of exponents of the
nonlinear term at which a nonradial bifurcation from the radial solution
occurs. Exploiting the properties of O(N-1)-invariant spherical harmonics, we
introduce two suitable cones K^1 and $K^2$ of O(N-1)-invariant functions that
allow to separate the branches of bifurcating solutions from the others,
getting the unboundedness of these branches.


title:
Dispersion and Scaling Law of Dynamic Hysteresis Based on the
  Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert Model

abstract:
  Hysteresis dispersion under a varying external field Hex is investigated
through numerical simulations based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG)
equation, indicating the energy dissipation can be determined by W({\eta}) = A
(f, H0). A linear relation between area of hysteresis and magnitude of external
field is discovered. Evolution of hysteresis is also investigated under
oscillating external field.


title:
Determination of the 3\gamma fraction from positron annihilation in
  mesoporous materials for symmetry violation experiment with J-PET scanner

abstract:
  Various mesoporous materials were investigated to choose the best material
for experiments requiring high yield of long-lived positronium. We found that
the fraction of 3\gamma annihilation determined using \gamma-ray energy spectra
and positron annihilation lifetime spectra (PAL) changed from 20% to 25%. The
3gamma fraction and o-Ps formation probability in the polymer XAD-4 is found to
be the largest. Elemental analysis performed using scanning electron microscop
(SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscop EDS show high purity of
the investigated materials.


title: Study of the charge profile of thermally poled electrets

abstract:
  The charge profile of thermally poled electrets has been studied using two
different methods, laser induced pressure pulse (LIPP) and pulsed
electroacoustic (PEA), to gain insight into the mechanisms that are activated
and assess which is the most appropriate method to study the charge profile.
Disc--shaped PET samples have been conventionally poled to activate both the
alpha and the rho relaxation and, right after, partially discharged up to a
temperature Tpd. In this way, samples with a different combination of dipolar
and space charge polarization have been obtained. Both LIPP and PEA reveal
asymmetric profiles for Tpd below the glass transition temperature, that
progressively become antisymmetric for higher temperatures. The shape and
evolution of the charge profiles can be explained assuming injection of
negative carriers from the anode that enhances the trapping of positive
carriers near this electrode. It can be observed that PEA is able to detect a
wider variety of polarization mechanisms in the system while LIPP gives a
simpler picture of the charge profile.


title:
Determining layer number of two dimensional flakes of transition-metal
  dichalcogenides by the Raman intensity from substrate

abstract:
  Transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors have been widely studied
due to their distinctive electronic and optical properties. The property of TMD
flakes is a function of its thickness, or layer number (N). How to determine N
of ultrathin TMDs materials is of primary importance for fundamental study and
practical applications. Raman mode intensity from substrates has been used to
identify N of intrinsic and defective multilayer graphenes up to N=100.
However, such analysis is not applicable for ultrathin TMD flakes due to the
lack of a unified complex refractive index ($\tilde{n}$) from monolayer to bulk
TMDs. Here, we discuss the N identification of TMD flakes on the SiO$_2$/Si
substrate by the intensity ratio between the Si peak from 100-nm (or 89-nm)
SiO$_2$/Si substrates underneath TMD flakes and that from bare SiO$_2$/Si
substrates. We assume the real part of $\tilde{n}$ of TMD flakes as that of
monolayer TMD and treat the imaginary part of $\tilde{n}$ as a fitting
parameter to fit the experimental intensity ratio. An empirical $\tilde{n}$,
namely, $\tilde{n}_{eff}$, of ultrathin MoS$_{2}$, WS$_{2}$ and WSe$_{2}$
flakes from monolayer to multilayer is obtained for typical laser excitations
(2.54 eV, 2.34 eV, or 2.09 eV). The fitted $\tilde{n}_{eff}$ of MoS$_{2}$ has
been used to identify N of MoS$_{2}$ flakes deposited on 302-nm SiO$_2$/Si
substrate, which agrees well with that determined from their shear and
layer-breathing modes. This technique by measuring Raman intensity from the
substrate can be extended to identify N of ultrathin 2D flakes with N-dependent
$\tilde{n}$ . For the application purpose, the intensity ratio excited by
specific laser excitations has been provided for MoS$_{2}$, WS$_{2}$ and
WSe$_{2}$ flakes and multilayer graphene flakes deposited on Si substrates
covered by 80-110 nm or 280-310 nm SiO$_2$ layer.


title:
A new proof of the cohomological criterion for noetherian regular local
  rings

abstract:
  Let $(A,\mathfrak{m}, k=A/\mathfrak{m})$ be a noetherian local ring. Then it
is equivalent $n = \dim A = \dim_k \mathfrak{m}/\mathfrak{m}^2$ and
$\mathrm{Tor}^A_i(k,k) = 0$ for all $i \gg 0$. The article gives a proof with
the change-of-ring spectral sequence in the derived category form.


title:
Colloidal suspensions of C-particles: Entanglement, percolation and
  microrheology

abstract:
  We explore structural and dynamical behavior of concentrated colloidal
suspensions made up by C-shape particles using Brownian dynamics computer
simulations and theory. In particular, we focus on the entanglement process
between nearby particles for almost closed C-shapes with a small opening angle.
Depending on the opening angle and the particle concentration, there is a
percolation transition for the cluster of entangled particles which shows the
classical scaling characteristics. In a broad density range below the
percolation threshold, we find a stretched exponential function for the
dynamical decorrelation of the entanglement process. Finally, we study a set-up
typical in microrheology by dragging a single tagged particle with constant
speed through the suspension. We measure the cluster connected to and dragged
with this tagged particle. In agreement with a phenomenological theory, the
size of the dragged cluster depends on the dragging direction and increases
markedly with the dragging speed.


title: Flow analysis of the low-Reynolds number swimmer C. elegans

abstract:
  Swimming cells and microorganisms are a critical component of many biological
processes. In order to better interpret experimental studies of low Reynolds
number swimming, we combine experimental and numerical methods to perform an
analysis of the flow-field around the swimming nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
We first use image processing and particle tracking velocimetry to extract the
body shape, kinematics, and flow-fields around the nematode. We then construct
a three-dimensional model using the experimental swimming kinematics and employ
a boundary element method to simulate flow-fields, obtaining very good
quantitative agreement with experiment. We use this numerical model to show
that calculation of flow shear rates using purely planar data results in
significant underestimates of the true three-dimensional value. Applying
symmetry arguments, validated against numerics, we demonstrate that the
out-of-plane contribution can be accounted for via incompressibility and
therefore simply calculated from particle tracking velocimetry. Our results
show how fundamental fluid mechanics considerations may be used to improve the
accuracy of measurements in biofluiddynamics.


title:
The time-fractional radiative transport equation -- Continuous-time
  random walk, diffusion approximation, and Legendre-polynomial expansion

abstract:
  We consider the radiative transport equation in which the time derivative is
replaced by the Caputo derivative. Such fractional-order derivatives are
related to anomalous transport and anomalous diffusion. In this paper we
describe how the time-fractional radiative transport equation is obtained from
continuous-time random walk and see how the equation is related to the
time-fractional diffusion equation in the asymptotic limit. Then we solve the
equation with Legendre-polynomial expansion.


title: Quantum Rotors on the AB$_2$ Chain with Competing Interactions

abstract:
  We present the ground state phase diagram of $q = 1/2$ quantum-rotor chains
with competing interactions (frustration) calculated through cluster
variational mean field approaches. We consider two interaction patterns, named
F$_1$ and F$_2$ models, between the quantum-rotor momentum and position
operators, which follow exchange patterns of known one-dimensional spin-1/2
systems with a ferrimagnetic state in their phase diagrams. The spin-1/2 F$_1$
model is known as the diamond chain and is related to the azurite compound,
while the spin-1/2 F$_2$ model was recently shown to present a
frustration-induced condensation of magnons. We provide a detailed comparison
between the quantum-rotor phase diagrams, in single- and multi-site mean-field
approaches, and known results for the spin-1/2 models, including exact
diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group data for these
systems, as well as phase diagrams of the associated classical models.