title: A note on Catalan numbers associated with p-adic integral on Zp

abstract:
  In this paper, we study Catalan numbers which can be represented by the
p-adic integral on Zp and we investigate some properties and formulae related
to Catalan numbers and special numbers.


title: Certain Chromatic Sums of Some Cycle Related Graph Classes

abstract:
  Let $\mathcal{C} = \{c_1,c_2, c_3, \ldots,c_k\}$ be a certain type of proper
$k$-colouring of a given graph $G$ and $\theta(c_i)$ denote the number of times
a particular colour $c_i$ is assigned to the vertices of $G$. Then, the
colouring sum of a given graph $G$ with respect to the colouring $\cC$, denoted
by $\omega_{\cC}(G)$, is defined to be $\omega(\cC) =
\sum\limits_{i=1}^{k}i\,\theta(c_i)$. The colouring sums such as
$\chi$-chromatic sum, $\chi^+$-chromatic sum, $b$-chromatic sum,
$b^+$-chromatic sum etc. are some of these types of colouring sums that have
been studied recently. Motivated by these studies on certain chromatic sums of
graphs, in this paper, we study certain chromatic sums for some standard cycle
related graphs.


title:
New Analysis of Linear Convergence of Gradient-type Methods via Unifying
  Error Bound Conditions

abstract:
  This paper reveals that a common and central role, played in many error bound
(EB) conditions and a variety of gradient-type methods, is a residual measure
operator. On one hand, by linking this operator with other optimality measures,
we define a group of abstract EB conditions, and then analyze the interplay
between them; on the other hand, by using this operator as an ascent direction,
we propose an abstract gradient-type method, and then derive EB conditions that
are necessary and sufficient for its linear convergence. The former provides a
unified framework that not only allows us to find new connections between many
existing EB conditions, but also paves a way to construct new EB conditions.
The latter allows us to claim the weakest conditions guaranteeing linear
convergence for a number of fundamental algorithms, including the gradient
method, the proximal point algorithm, and the forward-backward splitting
algorithm. In addition, we show linear convergence for the proximal alternating
linearized minimization algorithm under a group of equivalent EB conditions,
which are strictly weaker than the traditional strongly convex condition.
Moreover, by defining a new EB condition, we show Q-linear convergence of
Nesterov's accelerated forward-backward algorithm without strong convexity.
Finally, we verify EB conditions for a class of dual objective functions.


title:
Investigation of cosmic ray penetration with wavelet cross-correlation
  analysis

abstract:
  Aims. We use Fermi and Planck data to calculate the cross correlation between
gamma ray signal and gas distribution in different scales in giant molecular
clouds (GMC). Then we investigate the cosmic rays (CRs) penetration in GMCs
with these informations.
  Methods.We use the wavelet technique to decompose both the gamma ray and dust
opacity maps in different scales, then we calculate the wavelet cross
correlation functions in these scales. We also define wavelet response as an
analog to the impulsive response in Fourier transform and calculate that in
different scales down to Fermi angular resolution.
  Results. The gamma ray maps above 2 GeV show strong correlation with the dust
opacity maps, the correlation coefficient is larger than 0.9 above a scale of
0.4 degree.The derived wavelet response is uniform in different scales.
  Conclusions. We argue that the CR above 10 GeV can penetrate the giant
molecular cloud freely and the CRs distributions in the same energy range are
uniform down to parsec scale.


title:
A compact and robust diode laser system for atom interferometry on a
  sounding rocket

abstract:
  We present a diode laser system optimized for laser cooling and atom
interferometry with ultra-cold rubidium atoms aboard sounding rockets as an
important milestone towards space-borne quantum sensors. Design, assembly and
qualification of the system, combing micro-integrated distributed feedback
(DFB) diode laser modules and free space optical bench technology is presented
in the context of the MAIUS (Matter-wave Interferometry in Microgravity)
mission.
  This laser system, with a volume of 21 liters and total mass of 27 kg, passed
all qualification tests for operation on sounding rockets and is currently used
in the integrated MAIUS flight system producing Bose-Einstein condensates and
performing atom interferometry based on Bragg diffraction. The MAIUS payload is
being prepared for launch in fall 2016.
  We further report on a reference laser system, comprising a rubidium
stabilized DFB laser, which was operated successfully on the TEXUS 51 mission
in April 2015. The system demonstrated a high level of technological maturity
by remaining frequency stabilized throughout the mission including the rocket's
boost phase.


title: On centrality of even orthogonal $\mathrm K_2$

abstract:
  We give a short uniform proof of centrality of $\mathrm K_2(\Phi,\,R)$ for
all simply-laced root systems $\Phi$ of rank $\geq3$.


title: Influence of short-range correlations in neutrino-nucleus scattering

abstract:
  Background: Nuclear short-range correlations (SRCs) are corrections to
mean-field wave functions connected with the short-distance behavior of the
nucleon-nucleon interaction. These SRCs provide corrections to lepton- nucleus
cross sections as computed in the impulse approximation (IA). Purpose: We want
to investigate the influence of SRCs on the one-nucleon (1N) and two-nucleon
(2N) knockout channel for muon-neutrino induced processes on a $^{12}$C target
at energies relevant for contemporary measurements. Method: The model adopted
in this work, corrects the impulse approximation for SRCs by shifting the com-
plexity induced by the SRCs from the wave functions to the operators. Due to
the local character of the SRCs, it is argued that the expansion of these
operators can be truncated at a low order. Results: The model is compared with
electron-scattering data, and two-particle two-hole responses are presented for
neutrino scattering. The contributions from the vector and axial-vector parts
of the nuclear current as well as the central, tensor and spin-isospin part of
the SRCs are studied. Conclusions: Nuclear SRCs affect the 1N knockout channel
and give rise to 2N knockout. The exclusive neutrino-induced 2N knockout cross
section of SRC pairs is shown and the 2N knockout contribution to the QE signal
is calculated. The strength occurs as a broad background which extends into the
dip region.


title: Convergence of the gradient method for ill-posed problems

abstract:
  We study the convergence of the gradient descent method for solving ill-posed
problems where the solution is characterized as a global minimum of a
differentiable functional in a Hilbert space. The classical least-squares
functional for nonlinear operator equations is a special instance of this
framework and the gradient method then reduces to Landweber iteration. The main
result of this article is a proof of weak and strong convergence under new
nonlinearity conditions that generalize the classical tangential cone
conditions.


title: UV-IR color profiles of the outer regions of 2K nearby S$^{4}$G galaxies

abstract:
  We present our new, spatially-resolved, photometry in FUV and NUV from images
obtained by GALEX, and IRAC1 (3.6 $\mu$m) photometry obtained by the Spitzer
Space Telescope. We analyzed the surface brightness profiles $\mu_{\rm{FUV}}$,
$\mu_{\rm{NUV}}$, $\mu_{[3.6]}$, as well as the radial evolution of the
(FUV-NUV), (FUV - [3.6]), and (NUV - [3.6]) colors in the Spitzer Survey of
Stellar Structures in Galaxies (S$^{4}$G) galaxies (d$<$40 Mpc) sample. We
defined the GALEX Blue Sequence (GBS) and GALEX Red Sequence (GBR) from the
(FUV - NUV) versus (NUV - [3.6]) color-color diagram, populated by late-type
star forming galaxies and quiescent early-type galaxies respectively. While
most disk becomes radially bluer for GBS galaxies, and stay constant for GRS
galaxies, a large fraction ($>$50%) of intermediary GALEX Green Valley (GGV)
galaxies' outer disks are becoming redder. An outside-in quenching mechanism
such as environmentally-related mechanisms such as starvation or
ram-pressure-stripping could explain our results.


title: Distribution of the k-th smallest Dirac operator eigenvalue : an update

abstract:
  Based on the exact relationship to random matrix theory, we present an
alternative method of evaluating the probability distribution of the k-th
smallest Dirac eigenvalue in the epsilon-regime of QCD and QCD-like theories.
By utilizing the Nystrom-type discretization of Fredholm determinants and
Pfaffians, practical trouble of evaluating multiple integrations is
circumvented and technical restrictions on the parities of the number of
flavors and of the topological charge present in our previous treatment for
beta=1 and 4 cases [Phys. Rev. D 63, 045012 (2001)] are partly lifted. This
method is also applied to the distributions of spacings between k-th
nearest-neighboring levels in the mobility edges of Anderson Hamiltonian and
Dirac operator in high-temperature QCD.


title: Crossing Numbers of Random Two-Bridge Knots

abstract:
  In a previous work, the first and third authors studied a random knot model
for all two-bridge knots using billiard table diagrams. Here we present a
closed formula for the distribution of the crossing numbers of such random
knots. We also show that the probability of any given knot appearing in this
model decays to zero at an exponential rate as the length of the billiard table
goes to infinity. This confirms a conjecture from the previous work.


title:
A-priori mesh grading for the numerical calculation of the head-related
  transfer functions

abstract:
  Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) describe the directional filtering of
the incoming sound caused by the morphology of a listener's head and pinnae.
When an accurate model of a listener's morphology exists, HRTFs can be
calculated numerically with the boundary element method (BEM). However, the
general recommendation to model the head and pinnae with at least six elements
per wavelength renders the BEM as a time-consuming procedure when calculating
HRTFs for the full audible frequency range. In this study, a mesh preprocessing
algorithm is proposed, viz., a-priori mesh grading, which reduces the
computational costs in the HRTF calculation process significantly. The mesh
grading algorithm deliberately violates the recommendation of at least six
elements per wavelength in certain regions of the head and pinnae and varies
the size of elements gradually according to an a-priori defined grading
function. The evaluation of the algorithm involved HRTFs calculated for various
geometric objects including meshes of three human listeners and various grading
functions. The numerical accuracy and the predicted sound-localization
performance of calculated HRTFs were analyzed. A-priori mesh grading appeared
to be suitable for the numerical calculation of HRTFs in the full audible
frequency range and outperformed uniform meshes in terms of numerical errors,
perception based predictions of sound-localization performance, and
computational costs.


title:
Sensitivity of chemical reaction networks: a structural approach 3.
  Regular multimolecular systems

abstract:
  We present a systematic mathematical analysis of the qualitative steady-state
response to rate perturbations in large classes of reaction networks. This
includes multimolecular reactions and allows for catalysis, enzymatic
reactions, multiple reaction products, nonmonotone rate functions, and
non-closed autonomous systems. Our structural sensitivity analysis is based on
the stoichiometry of the reaction network, only. It does not require numerical
data on reaction rates. Instead, we impose mild and generic nondegeneracy
conditions of algebraic type. From the structural data, only, we derive which
steady-state concentrations are sensitive to, and hence influenced by, changes
of any particular reaction rate - and which are not. We also establish
transitivity properties for influences involving rate perturbations. This
allows us to derive an influence graph which globally summarizes the influence
pattern of the given network. The influence graph allows the computational, but
meaningful, automatic identification of functional subunits in general
networks, which hierarchically influence each other. We illustrate our results
for several variants of the glycolytic citric acid cycle. Biological
applications include enzyme knockout experiments, and metabolic control.


title:
Relational type-checking for MELL proof-structures. Part 1:
  Multiplicatives

abstract:
  Relational semantics for linear logic is a form of non-idempotent
intersection type system, from which several informations on the execution of a
proof-structure can be recovered. An element of the relational interpretation
of a proof-structure R with conclusion $\Gamma$ acts thus as a type (refining
$\Gamma$) having R as an inhabitant. We are interested in the following
type-checking question: given a proof-structure R, a list of formulae $\Gamma$,
and a point x in the relational interpretation of $\Gamma$, is x in the
interpretation of R? This question is decidable. We present here an algorithm
that decides it in time linear in the size of R, if R is a proof-structure in
the multiplicative fragment of linear logic. This algorithm can be extended to
larger fragments of multiplicative-exponential linear logic containing
$\lambda$-calculus.


title: Finite Temperature Quantum Effects on Confined Charges

abstract:
  A quantum system of N Coulomb charges confined within a harmonic trap is
considered over a wide range of densities and temperatures. A recently
described construction of an equivalent classical system is applied in order to
exploit the rather complete classical description of harmonic confinement via
liquid state theory. Here, the effects of quantum mechanics on that
representation are described with attention focused on the origin and nature of
shell structure. The analysis extends from the classical strong Coulomb
coupling conditions of dusty plasmas to the opposite limit of low temperatures
and large densities characteristic of "warm, dense matter".


title: Multi-Label Zero-Shot Learning via Concept Embedding

abstract:
  Zero Shot Learning (ZSL) enables a learning model to classify instances of an
unseen class during training. While most research in ZSL focuses on
single-label classification, few studies have been done in multi-label ZSL,
where an instance is associated with a set of labels simultaneously, due to the
difficulty in modeling complex semantics conveyed by a set of labels. In this
paper, we propose a novel approach to multi-label ZSL via concept embedding
learned from collections of public users' annotations of multimedia. Thanks to
concept embedding, multi-label ZSL can be done by efficiently mapping an
instance input features onto the concept embedding space in a similar manner
used in single-label ZSL. Moreover, our semantic learning model is capable of
embedding an out-of-vocabulary label by inferring its meaning from its
co-occurring labels. Thus, our approach allows both seen and unseen labels
during the concept embedding learning to be used in the aforementioned instance
mapping, which makes multi-label ZSL more flexible and suitable for real
applications. Experimental results of multi-label ZSL on images and music
tracks suggest that our approach outperforms a state-of-the-art multi-label ZSL
model and can deal with a scenario involving out-of-vocabulary labels without
re-training the semantics learning model.


title:
Synthetic data products for future HI galaxy surveys: a tool for
  characterising source confusion in spectral line stacking experiments

abstract:
  Much of our current understanding of neutral, atomic gas in galaxies comes
from radio observations of the nearby Universe. Until the next generation of
instruments allow us to push to much higher redshifts, we must rely mostly upon
theoretical models of galaxy formation to provide us with key insights into the
likely cosmic evolution of HI in the Universe, and its links to molecular
clouds and star formation. In this work, we present a new set of methods to
convert mock galaxy catalogues into synthetic data cubes containing model
galaxies with realistic spatial and spectral HI distributions over large
cosmological volumes. Such synthetic data products can be used to guide
observing and data handling/analysis strategies for forthcoming HI galaxy
surveys. As a demonstration of the potential use of our simulated products we
use them to conduct several mock HI stacking experiments for both low and
high-redshift galaxy samples. The stacked spectra can be accurately decomposed
into contributions from target and non-target galaxies, revealing in all
co-added spectra large fractions of contaminant mass due to source confusion.
Our results are consistent with similar estimates extrapolated from z=0
observational data. The amount of confused mass in a stacked spectrum grows
almost linearly with the size of the observational beam, suggesting potential
over-estimates of Omega_HI by some recent HI stacking experiments. Our
simulations will allow the study of subtle redshift-dependent effects in future
stacking analyses.


title: The intermediate line region in active galactic nuclei

abstract:
  We show that the recently observed suppression of the gap between the broad
line region (BLR) and the narrow line region (NLR) in some AGN can be fully
explained by an increase of the gas density in the emitting region. Our model
predicts the formation of the intermediate line region (ILR) that is observed
in some Seyfert galaxies by the detection of emission lines with intermediate
velocity full width half maximum (FWHM) $\sim$ 700 - 1200 km s$^{-1}$. These
lines are believed to be originating from an ILR located somewhere between the
BLR and NLR. As it was previously proved, the apparent gap is assumed to be
caused by the presence of dust beyond the sublimation radius. Our computations
with the use of {\sc cloudy} photoionization code, show that the differences in
the shape of spectral energy distribution (SED) from the central region of AGN,
do not diminish the apparent gap in the line emission in those objects. A
strong discontinuity in the line emission vs radius exists for all lines at the
dust sublimation radius. However, increasing the gas density to $\sim$
10$^{11.5}$ cm$^{-3}$ at the sublimation radius provides the continuous line
emission vs radius and fully explains the recently observed lack of apparent
gap in some AGN. We show that such a high density is consistent with the
density of upper layers of an accretion disk atmosphere. Therefore, the upper
layers of the disk atmosphere can give rise to the formation of observed
emission line clouds.


title:
Using Monte Carlo Search With Data Aggregation to Improve Robot Soccer
  Policies

abstract:
  RoboCup soccer competitions are considered among the most challenging
multi-robot adversarial environments, due to their high dynamism and the
partial observability of the environment. In this paper we introduce a method
based on a combination of Monte Carlo search and data aggregation (MCSDA) to
adapt discrete-action soccer policies for a defender robot to the strategy of
the opponent team. By exploiting a simple representation of the domain, a
supervised learning algorithm is trained over an initial collection of data
consisting of several simulations of human expert policies. Monte Carlo policy
rollouts are then generated and aggregated to previous data to improve the
learned policy over multiple epochs and games. The proposed approach has been
extensively tested both on a soccer-dedicated simulator and on real robots.
Using this method, our learning robot soccer team achieves an improvement in
ball interceptions, as well as a reduction in the number of opponents' goals.
Together with a better performance, an overall more efficient positioning of
the whole team within the field is achieved.


title:
Quantifying fusion born ion populations in magnetically confined plasmas
  using ion cyclotron emission

abstract:
  Ion cyclotron emission (ICE) offers unique promise as a diagnostic of the
fusion born alpha-particle population in magnetically confined plasmas.
Pioneering observations from JET and TFTR found that ICE intensity $P_{ICE}$
scales approximately linearly with the measured neutron flux from fusion
reactions, and with the inferred concentration, $n_\alpha/n_i$, of fusion-born
alpha-particles confined within the plasma. We present fully nonlinear
self-consistent kinetic simulations that reproduce this scaling for the first
time. This resolves a longstanding question in the physics of fusion
alpha-particle confinement and stability in MCF plasmas. It confirms the
magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability (MCI) as the likely emission mechanism
and greatly strengthens the basis for diagnostic exploitation of ICE in future
burning plasmas.


title:
Giant Faraday rotation of high-order plasmonic modes in graphene-covered
  nanowires

abstract:
  Plasmonic Faraday rotation in nanowires manifests itself in the rotation of
the spatial intensity distribution of high-order surface plasmon polariton
(SPP) modes around the nanowire axis. Here we predict theoretically the giant
Faraday rotation for SPP propagating on graphene-coated magneto-optically
active nanowires. Upon the reversal of the external magnetic field pointing
along the nanowire axis some high-order plasmonic modes may be rotated by up to
~ 100 degrees on scale of about 500 nm at mid-infrared frequencies. Tuning
carrier concentration in graphene by chemical doping or gate voltage allows for
controlling SPP-properties and notably the rotation angle of high-order
azimuthal modes. Our results open the door to novel plasmonic applications
ranging from nanowire-based Faraday isolators to the magnetic control in
quantum-optical applications.


title: A Review of Pair-wise Testing

abstract:
  In software testing, the large size of the input domain makes exhaustively
testing the inputs a daunting and often impossible task. Pair-wise testing is a
popular approach to combinatorial testing problems. This paper reviews
Pair-wise testing and its history, strengths, weaknesses, and tools for
generating test cases.


title: Enumerating simple paths from connected induced subgraphs

abstract:
  We present an exact formula for the ordinary generating series of the simple
paths between any two vertices of a graph. Our formula involves the adjacency
matrix of the connected induced subgraphs and remains valid on weighted and
directed graphs. As a particular case, we obtain a relation linking the
Hamiltonian paths and cycles of a graph to its dominating connected sets.


title: Notes on a reduction property for GLP-algebras

abstract:
  We consider some natural generalizations to the class of all GLP-algebras of
the so-called reduction property for reflection algebras in arithmetic. An
analogue of this property is established for the free GLP-algebras and for some
topological GLP-algebras (GLP-spaces).


title: Coherent perfect absorption in photonic structures

abstract:
  The ability to drive a system with an external input is a fundamental aspect
of light-matter interaction. The coherent perfect absorption (CPA) phenomenon
extends to the general multibeam interference phenomenology the well known
critical coupling concepts. This interferometric control of absorption can be
employed to reach full delivery of optical energy to nanoscale systems such as
plasmonic nanoparticles, and multi-port interference can be used to enhance the
absorption of a nanoscale device when it is embedded in a strongly scattering
system, with potential applications to nanoscale sensing. Here we review the
two-port CPA in reference to photonic structures which can resonantly couple to
the external fields. A revised two-port theory of CPA is illustrated, which
relies on the Scattering Matrix formalism and is valid for all linear two-port
systems with reciprocity. Through a semiclassical approach, treating two-port
critical coupling conditions in a non-perturbative regime, it is demonstrated
that the strong coupling regime and the critical coupling condition can indeed
coexist; in this situation, termed strong critical coupling, all the incoming
energy is converted into polaritons. Experimental results are presented, which
clearly display the elliptical trace of absorption as function of input
unbalance in a thin metallo-dielectric metamaterial, and verify polaritonic CPA
in an intersubband-polariton photonic-crystal membrane resonator. Concluding
remarks discuss the future perspectives of CPA with photonic structures.


title:
Nanosecond-timescale spin transfer using individual electrons in a
  quadruple-quantum-dot device

abstract:
  The ability to coherently transport electron-spin states between different
sites of gate-defined semiconductor quantum dots is an essential ingredient for
a quantum-dot-based quantum computer. Previous shuttles using electrostatic
gating were too slow to move an electron within the spin dephasing time across
an array. Here we report a nanosecond-timescale spin transfer of individual
electrons across a quadruple-quantum-dot device. Utilizing enhanced relaxation
rates at a so-called `hot spot', we can upper bound the shuttle time to at most
150 ns. While actual shuttle times are likely shorter, 150 ns is already fast
enough to preserve spin coherence in e.g. silicon based quantum dots. This work
therefore realizes an important prerequisite for coherent spin transfer in
quantum dot arrays.


title:
Ergodic measures on infinite skew-symmetric matrices over
  non-Archimedean local fields

abstract:
  Let $F$ be a non-discrete non-Archimedean locally compact field such that the
characteristic $\mathrm{ch}(F)\ne 2$ and let $\mathcal{O}_F$ be the ring of
integers in $F$. The main results of this paper are Theorem 1.2 that classifies
ergodic probability measures on the space $\mathrm{Skew}(\mathbb{N}, F)$ of
infinite skew-symmetric matrices with respect to the natural action of the
group $\mathrm{GL}(\infty,\mathcal{O}_F)$ and Theorem 1.4, that gives an
unexpected natural correspondence between the set of
$\mathrm{GL}(\infty,\mathcal{O}_F)$-invariant Borel probability measures on
$\mathrm{Sym}(\mathbb{N}, F)$ with the set of
$\mathrm{GL}(\infty,\mathcal{O}_F) \times
\mathrm{GL}(\infty,\mathcal{O}_F)$-invariant Borel probability measures on the
space $\mathrm{Mat}(\mathbb{N}, F)$ of infinite matrices over $F$.


title: Improved Parsing for Argument-Clusters Coordination

abstract:
  Syntactic parsers perform poorly in prediction of Argument-Cluster
Coordination (ACC). We change the PTB representation of ACC to be more suitable
for learning by a statistical PCFG parser, affecting 125 trees in the training
set. Training on the modified trees yields a slight improvement in EVALB scores
on sections 22 and 23. The main evaluation is on a corpus of 4th grade science
exams, in which ACC structures are prevalent. On this corpus, we obtain an
impressive x2.7 improvement in recovering ACC structures compared to a parser
trained on the original PTB trees.


title: A Review of Star Schema Benchmark

abstract:
  This paper examines the Star Schema Benchmark, an alternative to the flawed
TPC-H decision support system and presents reasons why this benchmark should be
adopted over the industry standard for decision support systems.


title: Finite rank Bratteli--Vershik homeomorphisms are expansive

abstract:
  Downarowicz and Maass (2008) have shown that every Cantor minimal
homeomorphism with finite topological rank $K > 1$ is expansive. Bezuglyi,
Kwiatkowski, and Medynets (2009) extended the result to non-minimal aperiodic
cases. In this paper, we show that all finite-rank zero-dimensional systems are
expansive or have infinite odometer systems; this is an extension of the two
aforementioned results. Nevertheless, the methods follow similar approaches.


title:
Transport and large deviations for Schrodinger operators and Mather
  measures

abstract:
  In this mainly survey paper we consider the Lagrangian $ L(x,v) = \frac{1}{2}
\, |v|^2 - V(x) $, and a closed form $w$ on the torus $ \mathbb{T}^n $. For the
associated Hamiltonian we consider the the Schrodinger operator ${\bf
H}_\beta=\, -\,\frac{1}{2 \beta^2} \, \Delta +V$ where $\beta$ is large real
parameter. Moreover, for the given form $\beta\, w$ we consider the associated
twist operator ${\bf H}_\beta^w$. We denote by $({\bf H}_\beta^w)^*$ the
corresponding backward operator. We are interested in the positive
eigenfunction $ \psi_\beta$ associated to the the eigenvalue $ E_\beta$ for the
operator ${\bf H}_\beta^{w} $. We denote $ \psi_\beta^*$ the positive
eigenfunction associated to the the eigenvalue $ E_\beta$ for the operator
$({\bf H}_\beta^{w})^* $. Finally, we analyze the asymptotic limit of the
probability $\nu_\beta= \psi_\beta\, \psi_\beta^*$ on the torus when $\beta \to
\infty$. The limit probability is a Mather measure. We consider Large
deviations properties and we derive a result on Transport Theory. We denote
$L^{-}(x,v) = \frac{1}{2} \, |v|^2 - V(x) - w_x(v) $ and $L^{+}(x,v) =
\frac{1}{2} \, |v|^2 - V(x) + w_x(v) $. We are interest in the transport
problem from $\mu_{-}$ (the Mather measure for $L^{-}$) to $\mu_{+}$ (the
Mather measure for $L^{+}$) for some natural cost function. In the case the
maximizing probability is unique we use a Large Deviation Principle due to N.
Anantharaman in order to show that the conjugated sub-solutions $u$ and $u^*$
define an admissible pair which is optimal for the dual Kantorovich problem.

categories: math.DS math-ph math.CA math.MP math.PR quant-ph


title: Automatic tagging using deep convolutional neural networks

abstract:
  We present a content-based automatic music tagging algorithm using fully
convolutional neural networks (FCNs). We evaluate different architectures
consisting of 2D convolutional layers and subsampling layers only. In the
experiments, we measure the AUC-ROC scores of the architectures with different
complexities and input types using the MagnaTagATune dataset, where a 4-layer
architecture shows state-of-the-art performance with mel-spectrogram input.
Furthermore, we evaluated the performances of the architectures with varying
the number of layers on a larger dataset (Million Song Dataset), and found that
deeper models outperformed the 4-layer architecture. The experiments show that
mel-spectrogram is an effective time-frequency representation for automatic
tagging and that more complex models benefit from more training data.


title:
Measuring Topological Invariants in Disordered Discrete Time Quantum
  Walks

abstract:
  Quantum walks constitute a versatile platform for simulating transport
phenomena on discrete graphs including topological material properties while
providing a high control over the relevant parameters at the same time. To
experimentally access and directly measure the topological invariants of
quantum walks we implement the scattering scheme proposed by Tarasinski et
al.[Phys. Rev. A 89, 042327 (2014)] in a photonic time multiplexed quantum walk
experiment. The tunable coin operation provides opportunity to reach distinct
topological phases, and accordingly to observe the corresponding topological
phase transitions. The ability to read-out the position and the coin state
distribution, complemented by explicit interferometric sign measurements,
allowed the reconstruction of the scattered reflection amplitudes and thus the
computation of the associated bulk topological invariants. As predicted we also
find localised states at the edges between two bulks belonging to different
topological phases. In order to analyse the impact of disorder we have measured
invariants of two different types of disordered samples in large ensemble
measurements, demonstrating their constancy in one disorder regime and a
continuous transition with increasing disorder strength for the second disorder
sample.


title: Del Pezzo surfaces over finite fields and their Frobenius traces

abstract:
  Let $S$ be a smooth cubic surface over a finite field $\mathbb F_q$. It is
known that $\#S(\mathbb F_q) = 1 + aq + q^2$ for some $a \in
\{-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,7\}$. Serre has asked which values of a can arise for a
given $q$. Building on special cases treated by Swinnerton-Dyer, we give a
complete answer to this question. We also answer the analogous question for
other del Pezzo surfaces, and consider the inverse Galois problem for del Pezzo
surfaces over finite fields. Finally we give a corrected version of Manin's and
Swinnerton-Dyer's tables on cubic surfaces over finite fields.


title: Topological phonons and Weyl lines in 3 dimensions

abstract:
  Topological mechanics and phononics have recently emerged as an exciting
field of study. Here we introduce and study generalizations of the
three-dimensional pyrochlore lattice that have topologically protected edge
states and Weyl lines in their bulk phonon spectra, which lead to zero surface
modes that flip from one edge to the opposite as a function of surface
wavenumber.


title: Field dependence of the vortex core size probed by STM

abstract:
  We study the spatial distribution of the density of states (DOS) at zero bias
N(r) in the mixed state of single and multigap superconductors. We provide an
analytic expression for N(r) based on deGennes' relation between DOS and the
order parameter that reproduces well Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) data
in several superconducting materials. In the single gap superconductor
$\beta$-Bi$_2$Pd, we find that N(r) is governed by a length scale
$\xi_H=\sqrt{\phi_0/2\pi H}$, which decreases in rising fields. The vortex core
size $\cal C$, defined via the slope of the order parameter at the vortex
center, $\cal C$ $\propto (d \Delta /dr |_{r \to 0})^{-1}$, differs from
$\xi_H$ by a material dependent numerical factor. For two gap superconductors
2H-NbSe$_{1.8}$S$_{0.2}$ and 2H-NbS$_2$, we find that $\cal C$ is field
independent and has the same value for both bands. We conclude that,
independently of the magnetic field induced variation of the order parameter
values in both bands, the spatial variation of the order parameter close to the
vortex core is the same for all bands.


title:
On the equivariant blow-Nash classification of simple invariant Nash
  germs

abstract:
  We make progress towards the classification of simple Nash germs invariant
under the involution changing the sign of the first coordinate, with respect to
equivariant blow-Nash equivalence, which is an equivariant Nash version of
blow-analytic equivalence, taking advantage of invariants for this relation,
the equivariant zeta functions.


title:
Efficient multivariate entropy estimation via $k$-nearest neighbour
  distances

abstract:
  Many statistical procedures, including goodness-of-fit tests and methods for
independent component analysis, rely critically on the estimation of the
entropy of a distribution. In this paper, we seek entropy estimators that are
efficient and achieve the local asymptotic minimax lower bound with respect to
squared error loss. To this end, we study weighted averages of the estimators
originally proposed by Kozachenko and Leonenko (1987), based on the $k$-nearest
neighbour distances of a sample of $n$ independent and identically distributed
random vectors in $\mathbb{R}^d$. A careful choice of weights enables us to
obtain an efficient estimator in arbitrary dimensions, given sufficient
smoothness, while the original unweighted estimator is typically only efficient
when $d \leq 3$. In addition to the new estimator proposed and theoretical
understanding provided, our results facilitate the construction of
asymptotically valid confidence intervals for the entropy of asymptotically
minimal width.


title:
Improving Deep Neural Network with Multiple Parametric Exponential
  Linear Units

abstract:
  Activation function is crucial to the recent successes of deep neural
networks. In this paper, we first propose a new activation function, Multiple
Parametric Exponential Linear Units (MPELU), aiming to generalize and unify the
rectified and exponential linear units. As the generalized form, MPELU shares
the advantages of Parametric Rectified Linear Unit (PReLU) and Exponential
Linear Unit (ELU), leading to better classification performance and convergence
property. In addition, weight initialization is very important to train very
deep networks. The existing methods laid a solid foundation for networks using
rectified linear units but not for exponential linear units. This paper
complements the current theory and extends it to the wider range. Specifically,
we put forward a way of initialization, enabling training of very deep networks
using exponential linear units. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed
initialization not only helps the training process but leads to better
generalization performance. Finally, utilizing the proposed activation function
and initialization, we present a deep MPELU residual architecture that achieves
state-of-the-art performance on the CIFAR-10/100 datasets. The code is
available at https://github.com/Coldmooon/Code-for-MPELU.


title:
On classifying spaces for the family of virtually cyclic subgroups in
  mapping class groups

abstract:
  We give a bound for the geometric dimension for the family of virtually
cyclic groups in mapping class groups of a compact surface with punctures,
possibly with nonempty boundary and negative Euler characteristic.


title:
Quasi-particle bands and structural phase transition of iron from
  Gutzwiller Density-Functional Theory

abstract:
  We use the Gutzwiller Density Functional Theory to calculate ground-state
properties and bandstructures of iron in its body-centered-cubic (bcc) and
hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) phases. For a Hubbard interaction $U=9\, {\rm eV}$
and Hund's-rule coupling $J=0.54\, {\rm eV}$ we reproduce the lattice
parameter, magnetic moment, and bulk modulus of bcc iron. For these parameters,
bcc is the ground-state lattice structure at ambient pressure up to a pressure
of $p_{\rm c}=41\, {\rm GPa}$ where a transition to the non-magnetic hcp
structure is predicted, in qualitative agreement with experiment ($p_{\rm
c}^{\rm exp}=10\ldots 15\, {\rm GPa}$). The calculated bandstructure for bcc
iron is in good agreement with ARPES measurements. The agreement improves when
we perturbatively include the spin-orbit coupling.


title: On subprojectivity and superprojectivity of Banach spaces

abstract:
  We obtain some results for and further examples of subprojective and
superprojective Banach spaces. We also give several conditions providing
examples of non-reflexive superprojective spaces; one of these conditions is
stable under $c_0$-sums and projective tensor products.


title: Prediction of miRNA-disease associations with a vector space model

abstract:
  MicroRNAs play critical roles in many physiological processes. Their
dysregulations are also closely related to the development and progression of
various human diseases, including cancer. Therefore, identifying new microRNAs
that are associated with diseases contributes to a better understanding of
pathogenicity mechanisms. MicroRNAs also represent a tremendous opportunity in
biotechnology for early diagnosis. To date, several in silico methods have been
developed to address the issue of microRNA-disease association prediction.
However, these methods have various limitations. In this study, we investigate
the hypothesis that information attached to miRNAs and diseases can be revealed
by distributional semantics. Our basic approach is to represent distributional
information on miRNAs and diseases in a high-dimensional vector space and to
define associations between miRNAs and diseases in terms of their vector
similarity. Cross validations performed on a dataset of known miRNA-disease
associations demonstrate the excellent performance of our method. Moreover, the
case study focused on breast cancer confirms the ability of our method to
discover new disease-miRNA associations and to identify putative false
associations reported in databases.


title:
Bit-Vectorized GPU Implementation of a Stochastic Cellular Automaton
  Model for Surface Growth

abstract:
  Stochastic surface growth models aid in studying properties of universality
classes like the Kardar--Paris--Zhang class. High precision results obtained
from large scale computational studies can be transferred to many physical
systems. Many properties, such as roughening and some two-time functions can be
studied using stochastic cellular automaton (SCA) variants of stochastic
models. Here we present a highly efficient SCA implementation of a surface
growth model capable of simulating billions of lattice sites on a single GPU.
We also provide insight into cases requiring arbitrary random probabilities
which are not accessible through bit-vectorization.

categories: cs.DC cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.stat-mech physics.comp-ph


title: A Revised Analysis of Gamma Ray Bursts' prompt efficiencies

abstract:
  The prompt Gamma-Ray Bursts' (GRBs) efficiency is an important clue on the
emission mechanism producing the $\gamma$-rays. Previous estimates of the
kinetic energy of the blast waves, based on the X-ray afterglow luminosity
$L_X$, suggested that this efficiency is large, with values above 90\% in some
cases. This poses a problem to emission mechanisms and in particular to the
internal shocks model. These estimates are based, however, on the assumption
that the X-ray emitting electrons are fast cooling and that their Inverse
Compton (IC) losses are negligible. The observed correlations between $L_X$
(and hence the blast wave energy) and $E_{\gamma\rm ,iso}$, the isotropic
equivalent energy in the prompt emission, has been considered as observational
evidence supporting this analysis. It is reasonable that the prompt gamma-ray
energy and the blast wave kinetic energy are correlated and the observed
correlation corroborates, therefore, the notion $L_X$ is indeed a valid proxy
for the latter. Recent findings suggest that the magnetic field in the
afterglow shocks is significantly weaker than was earlier thought and its
equipartition fraction, $\epsilon_B$, could be as low as $10^{-4}$ or even
lower. Motivated by these findings we reconsider the problem, taking now IC
cooling into account. We find that the observed $L_X-E_{\gamma\rm ,iso}$
correlation is recovered also when IC losses are significant. For small
$\epsilon_B$ values the blast wave must be more energetic and we find that the
corresponding prompt efficiency is significantly smaller than previously
thought. For example, for $\epsilon_B\sim10^{-4}$ we infer a typical prompt
efficiency of $\sim15\%$.


title: The first-order theory of $\ell$-permutation groups

abstract:
  Let $(\Omega, \leq)$ be a totally ordered set. We prove that if
$\Aut(\Omega,\leq)$ is transitive and satisfies the same first-order sentences
as $\Aut(\RR,\leq)$ (in the language of lattice-ordered groups) then $\Omega$
and $\RR$ are isomorphic ordered sets. This improvement of a theorem of
Gurevich and Holland is obtained as one of many consequences of a study of
centralizers and coloured chains associated with certain transitive subgroups
of $\Aut(\Omega,\leq)$.


title: Improved Regret Bounds for Oracle-Based Adversarial Contextual Bandits

abstract:
  We give an oracle-based algorithm for the adversarial contextual bandit
problem, where either contexts are drawn i.i.d. or the sequence of contexts is
known a priori, but where the losses are picked adversarially. Our algorithm is
computationally efficient, assuming access to an offline optimization oracle,
and enjoys a regret of order $O((KT)^{\frac{2}{3}}(\log N)^{\frac{1}{3}})$,
where $K$ is the number of actions, $T$ is the number of iterations and $N$ is
the number of baseline policies. Our result is the first to break the
$O(T^{\frac{3}{4}})$ barrier that is achieved by recently introduced
algorithms. Breaking this barrier was left as a major open problem. Our
analysis is based on the recent relaxation based approach of (Rakhlin and
Sridharan, 2016).


title: On the GBM event seen 0.4 sec after GW 150914

abstract:
  In view of the recent report by Connaughton we analyse continuous TTE data of
Fermi-GBM around the time of the gravitational wave event GW 150914. We find
that after proper accounting for low count statistics, the GBM transient event
at 0.4 s after GW 150914 is likely not due to an astrophysical source, but
consistent with a background fluctuation, removing the tension between the
INTEGRAL/ACS non-detection and GBM. Additionally, reanalysis of other short
GRBs shows that without proper statistical modeling the fluence of faint events
is over-predicted, as verified for some joint GBM-ACS detections of short GRBs.
We detail the statistical procedure to correct these biases. As a result, faint
short GRBs, verified by ACS detections, with significances in the broad-band
light curve even smaller than that of the GBM-GW150914 event are recovered as
proper non-zero source, while the GBM-GW150914 event is consistent with zero
fluence.


title: Universal Finite-Size Scaling for Percolation Theory in High Dimensions

abstract:
  We present a unifying, consistent, finite-size-scaling picture for
percolation theory bringing it into the framework of a general,
renormalization-group-based, scaling scheme for systems above their upper
critical dimensions $d_c$. Behaviour at the critical point is non-universal in
$d>d_c=6$ dimensions. Proliferation of the largest clusters, with fractal
dimension $4$, is associated with the breakdown of hyperscaling there when free
boundary conditions are used. But when the boundary conditions are periodic,
the maximal clusters have dimension $D=2d/3$, and obey random-graph
asymptotics. Universality is instead manifest at the pseudocritical point,
where the failure of hyperscaling in its traditional form is universally
associated with random-graph-type asymptotics for critical cluster sizes,
independent of boundary conditions.


title:
Large Deviations of the Finite-Time Magnetization of the Curie-Weiss
  Random Field Ising Model

abstract:
  We study the large deviations of the magnetization at some finite time in the
Curie-Weiss Random Field Ising Model with parallel updating. While relaxation
dynamics in an infinite time horizon gives rise to unique dynamical
trajectories (specified by initial conditions and governed by first-order
dynamics of the form $m_{t+1}=f(m_t)$), we observe that the introduction of a
finite time horizon and the specification of terminal conditions can generate a
host of metastable solutions obeying \textit{second-order} dynamics. We show
that these solutions are governed by a Newtonian-like dynamics in discrete time
which permits solutions in terms of both the first order relaxation ("forward")
dynamics and the backward dynamics $m_{t+1} = f^{-1}(m_t)$. Our approach allows
us to classify trajectories for a given final magnetization as stable or
metastable according to the value of the rate function associated with them. We
find that in analogy to the Freidlin-Wentzell description of the stochastic
dynamics of escape from metastable states, the dominant trajectories may switch
between the two types (forward and backward) of first-order dynamics.


title:
Anomalous dispersion in Lithium Niobate one-dimensional waveguide array
  in the near-infrared wavelength range

abstract:
  Knowing the dispersion regime (normal vs anomalous) is important for both an
isolated waveguide and a waveguide array. We investigate by the Finite Element
Method the dispersion properties of a LiNbO3 waveguides array using two
techniques. The first one assumes the Coupled Mode Theory in a 2-waveguide
system. The other one uses the actual diffraction curve determined in a
7-waveguide system. In both approaches we find that by decreasing the array
period, one passes from normal dispersion by achromatic point to anomalous
array dispersion. We then illustrate the wavelength separation by doing
Runge-Kutta light propagation simulations in waveguide array. As all the
parameters values are technologically feasible, this opens new possibilities
for optical data processing.


title: Discovering Phase Transitions with Unsupervised Learning

abstract:
  Unsupervised learning is a discipline of machine learning which aims at
discovering patterns in big data sets or classifying the data into several
categories without being trained explicitly. We show that unsupervised learning
techniques can be readily used to identify phases and phases transitions of
many body systems. Starting with raw spin configurations of a prototypical
Ising model, we use principal component analysis to extract relevant low
dimensional representations the original data and use clustering analysis to
identify distinct phases in the feature space. This approach successfully finds
out physical concepts such as order parameter and structure factor to be
indicators of the phase transition. We discuss future prospects of discovering
more complex phases and phase transitions using unsupervised learning
techniques.


title: Banach Envelopes in Symmetric Spaces of Measurable Operators

abstract:
  We study Banach envelopes for commutative symmetric sequence or function
spaces, and noncommutative symmetric spaces of measurable operators. We
characterize the class $(HC)$ of quasi-normed symmetric sequence or function
spaces $E$ for which their Banach envelopes $\widehat{E}$ are also symmetric
spaces. The class of symmetric spaces satisfying $(HC)$ contains but is not
limited to order continuous spaces. Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a non-atomic,
semifinite von Neumann algebra with a faithful, normal, $\sigma$-finite trace
$\tau$ and $E$ be as symmetric function space on $[0,\tau(1))$ or symmetric
sequence space. We compute Banach envelope norms on $E(\mathcal{M},\tau)$ and
$C_E$ for any quasi-normed symmetric space $E$. Then we show under assumption
that $E\in (HC)$ that the Banach envelope $\widehat{E(\mathcal{M},\tau)}$ of
$E(\mathcal{M},\tau)$ is equal to $\widehat{E}(\mathcal{M},\tau)$
isometrically. We also prove the analogous result for unitary matrix spaces
$C_E$.


title: Effective action approach to dynamical generation of fermion mixing

abstract:
  In this paper we discuss a mechanism for the dynamical generation of flavor
mixing, in the framework of the Nambu--Jona Lasinio model. Our approach is
illustrated both with the conventional operatorial formalism and with
functional integral and ensuing one-loop effective action. The results obtained
are briefly discussed.


title:
Elliptic flow of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at
  mid-rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76
  TeV

abstract:
  The elliptic flow of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at
mid-rapidity ($|y|$ $<$ 0.7) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm
NN}} = 2.76$ TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The particle azimuthal distribution
with respect to the reaction plane can be parametrized with a Fourier
expansion, where the second coefficient ($v_{\rm 2}$) represents the elliptic
flow. The $v_{\rm 2}$ coefficient of inclusive electrons is measured in three
centrality classes (0-10%, 10-20% and 20-40%) with the event plane and the
scalar product methods in the transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) intervals
0.5-13 GeV/$c$ and 0.5-8 GeV/$c$, respectively. After subtracting the
background, mainly from photon conversions and Dalitz decays of neutral mesons,
a positive $v_{\rm 2}$ of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays is
observed in all centrality classes, with a maximum significance of $5.9\sigma$
in the interval $2 <$ $p_{\rm T}$ $<$ 2.5 GeV/$c$ in semi-central collisions
(20-40%). The value of $v_{\rm 2}$ decreases towards more central collisions at
low and intermediate $p_{\rm T}$ (0.5 $<$ $p_{\rm T}$ $<$ 3 GeV/$c$). The
$v_{\rm 2}$ of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at mid-rapidity is
found to be similar to the one of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at
forward rapidity (2.5 $<$ $y$ $<$ 4). The results are described within
uncertainties by model calculations including substantial elastic interactions
of heavy quarks with an expanding strongly-interacting medium.


title: The orbital structure of a tidally induced bar

abstract:
  Orbits are the key building blocks of any density distribution and their
study helps us understand the kinematical structure and the evolution of
galaxies. Here we investigate orbits in a tidally induced bar of a dwarf
galaxy, using an $N$-body simulation of an initially disky dwarf galaxy
orbiting a Milky Way-like host. After the first pericenter passage, a tidally
induced bar forms in the stellar component of the dwarf. The bar evolution is
different than in isolated galaxies and our analysis focuses on the period
before it buckles. We study the orbits in terms of their dominant frequencies,
which we calculate in a Cartesian coordinate frame rotating with the bar. Apart
from the well-known x$_1$ orbits we find many other types, mostly with boxy
shapes of various degree of elongation. Some of them are also near-periodic,
admitting frequency ratios of 4/3, 3/2 and 5/3. The box orbits have various
degrees of vertical thickness but only a relatively small fraction of those
have banana (i.e. smile/frown) or infinity-symbol shapes in the edge-on view.
In the very center we also find orbits known from the potential of triaxial
ellipsoids. The elongation of the orbits grows with distance from the center of
the bar in agreement with the variation of the shape of the density
distribution. Our classification of orbits leads to the conclusion that more
than $80 \%$ of them have boxy shapes, while only $8 \%$ have shapes of
classical x$_1$ orbits.


title: Tropical methods in the moduli theory of algebraic curves

abstract:
  In recent years a series of remarkable advances in tropical geometry and in
non-archimedean geometry have brought new insights to the moduli theory of
algebraic curves and their Jacobians. The goal of this survey, an expanded
version of my talks at the 2015 AMS symposium in algebraic geometry and at
AGNES 2016, is to present some of the results in this area.


title:
Characterizations of the position value for hypergraph communication
  situations

abstract:
  The Mayser value (Myerson (1977)), the position value (Meessen (1988)) and
the average tree solution (Herings et al.) are three most important allocation
rules for (graph or hypergraph) communication situations. In 2005, an axiomatic
characterization of the position value for arbitrary (graph) communication
situations was given by Slikker (2005). However, an axiomatic characterization
of the position value for arbitrary hypergraph communication situations has not
yet been found and remains an open problem. In our manuscript, we first give
two non-axiomatic characterizations of the position value for hypergraph
communication situations by introducing the uniform hyperlink game and the
$k$-augment uniform hyperlink game. Based on the non-axiomatic
characterizations, we provide an axiomatic characterization of the position
value for arbitrary hypergraph communication situations by employing component
efficiency and partial balanced conference contributions.


title:
Weak approximation of an invariant measure and a low boundary of the
  entropy, II

abstract:
  For a measurable map $T$ and a sequence of $T$-invariant probability measures
$\mu_n$ that converges in some sense to a $T$-invariant probability measure
$\mu$, an estimate from below for the Kolmogorov--Sinai entropy of $T$ with
respect to $\mu$ is suggested in terms of the entropies of $T$ with respect to
$\mu_1$, $\mu_2$, \dots. This result is obtained under the assumption that some
generating partition has finite entropy. By an explicite example it is shown
that, in general, this assumption cannot be removed.


title: Cross section versus time delay and trapping probability

abstract:
  We study the behavior of the $s$-wave partial cross section $\sigma(k)$, the
Wigner-Smith time delay $\tau(k)$, and the trapping probability $P(k)$ as
function of the wave number $k$. The $s$-wave central square well is used for
concreteness, simplicity, and to elucidate the controversy whether it shows
true resonances. It is shown that, except for very sharp structures, the
resonance part of the cross section, the trapping probability, and the time
delay, reach their local maxima at different values of $k$. We show numerically
that $\tau(k)>0$ at its local maxima, occuring just before the resonant part of
the cross section reaches its local maxima. These results are discussed in the
light of the standard definition of resonance.


title: Top-quark physics at the Large Hadron Collider

abstract:
  This experimental review gives an overview of top-quark measurements
performed by the two general purpose-detectors ATLAS and CMS during the first
few years of running of the Large Hadron Collider. In the years 2010 - 2012
each experiment collected 5 fb$^{-1}$ of pp collision data at $\sqrt{s} = 7$
TeV and 20 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV, allowing detailed studies of
top-quark production and decays, and measurements of the properties of the top
quark with unprecedented precision.


title:
A classification of the commutative Banach perfect semi-fields of
  characteristic 1. Applications

abstract:
  We define and study the concept of commutative Banach perfect semi-field of
characteristic 1 by using results from Connes-Consani. We prove a
Gelfand-Naimark type theorem allowing to identify such a Banach semi-field F to
the semi-field of all the continuous functions on a compact space which we
define as the spectrum of F. We give many applications.


title:
Generic Weyl phase in the vortex state of quasi-two-dimensional chiral
  superconductors

abstract:
  We study the collective behavior of Majorana modes in the vortex state of
chiral $p$-wave superconductors. Away from the isolated vortex limit, the
zero-energy Majorana states communicate with each other on a vortex lattice,
and form a coherent band structure with non-trivial topological character. We
revealed that the topological nature of Majorana bands changes sensitively via
quantum phase transitions in the two-dimensional (2D) systems, as sweeping
magnetic field or Fermi energy. Through the dimensional reduction, we showed
the existence of generic superconducting Weyl phase in a low magnetic field
region of quasi-2D-chiral superconductors.


title: A standard zero free region for Rankin-Selberg L-functions

abstract:
  A standard zero free region is obtained for Rankin Selberg L-functions $L(s,
f\times \widetilde{f})$ where $f$ is an almost everywhere tempered Maass form
on $GL(n)$ and $f$ is not necessarily self dual. The method is based on the
theory of Eisenstein series generalizing a work of Sarnak.


title:
Global Optimization, Local Adaptation, and the Role of Growth in
  Distribution Networks

abstract:
  Highly-optimized complex transport networks serve crucial functions in many
man-made and natural systems such as power grids and plant or animal
vasculature. Often, the relevant optimization functional is non-convex and
characterized by many local extrema. In general, finding the global, or nearly
global optimum is difficult. In biological systems, it is believed that natural
selection slowly guides the network towards an optimized state. However,
general coarse grained models for flow networks with local positive feedback
rules for the vessel conductivity typically get trapped in low efficiency,
local minima. In this work we show how the growth of the underlying tissue,
coupled to the dynamical equations for network development, can drive the
system to a dramatically improved optimal state. This general model provides a
surprisingly simple explanation for the appearance of highly optimized
transport networks in biology such as leaf and animal vasculature.


title: Gluing of categories and Krull--Schmidt partners

abstract:
  We discuss Krull--Schmidt partners for DG categories and produce bunches of
them for smooth projective varieties.


title:
Monte Carlo analysis for finite temperature magnetism of
  Nd$_2$Fe$_{14}$B permanent magnet

abstract:
  We investigate the effects of magnetic inhomogeneities and thermal
fluctuations on the magnetic properties of a rare earth intermetallic compound,
Nd$_2$Fe$_{14}$B. The constrained Monte Carlo method is applied to a
Nd$_2$Fe$_{14}$B bulk system to realize the experimentally observed spin
reorientation and magnetic anisotropy constants $K^{\rm A}_m (m=1, 2, 4)$ at
finite temperatures. % Subsequently, it is found that the temperature
dependence of $K^{\rm A}_1$ deviates from the Callen--Callen law, $K^{\rm
A}_1(T) \propto M(T)^3$, even above room temperature, $T_{\rm R}\sim 300\rm\,
K$, when the Fe (Nd) anisotropy terms are removed to leave only the Nd (Fe)
anisotropy terms. This is because the exchange couplings between Nd moments and
Fe spins are much smaller than those between Fe spins. % It is also found that
the exponent $n$ in the external magnetic field $H_{\rm ext}$ response of
barrier height $\mathcal{F}_{\rm B}=\mathcal{F}_{\rm B}^0(1-H_{\rm ext}/H_0)^n$
is less than $2$ in the low-temperature region below $T_{\rm R}$, whereas $n$
approaches $2$ when $T>T_{\rm R}$, indicating the presence of
Stoner--Wohlfarth-type magnetization rotation. This reflects the fact that the
magnetic anisotropy is mainly governed by the $K^{\rm A}_1$ term in the
$T>T_{\rm R}$ region.


title:
Symmetry fractionalization in the topological phase of the
  spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ $J_1$-$J_2$ triangular Heisenberg model

abstract:
  Using density-matrix renormalization-group calculations for infinite
cylinders, we elucidate the properties of the spin-liquid phase of the
spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice. We
find four distinct ground-states characteristic of a non-chiral, $Z_2$
topologically ordered state with vison and spinon excitations. We shed light on
the interplay of topological ordering and global symmetries in the model by
detecting fractionalization of time-reversal and space-group dihedral
symmetries in the anyonic sectors, which leads to coexistence of symmetry
protected and intrinsic topological order. The anyonic sectors, and information
on the particle statistics, can be characterized by degeneracy patterns and
symmetries of the entanglement spectrum. We demonstrate the ground-states on
finite-width cylinders are short-range correlated and gapped; however some
features in the entanglement spectrum suggest that the system develops gapless
spinon-like edge excitations in the large-width limit.


title: Dynamic electrical behavior of halide perovskite based solar cells

abstract:
  A dynamic electrical model is introduced to investigate the hysteretic
effects in the I-V characteristics of perovskite based solar cells. By making a
simple ansatz for the polarization relaxation, our model is able to reproduce
qualitatively and quantitatively detailed features of measured I-V
characteristics. Pre-poling effects are discussed, pointing out the differences
between initially over- and under-polarized samples. In particular, the
presence of the current over-shoot observed in the reverse characteristics is
correlated with the solar cell pre-conditioning. Furthermore, the dynamic
hysteresis is analyzed with respect to changing the bias scan rate, the
obtained results being consistent with experimentally reported data: the
hysteresis amplitude is maximum at intermediate scan rates, while at very slow
and very fast ones it becomes negligible. The effects induced by different
relaxation time scales are assessed. The proposed dynamic electrical model
offers a comprehensive view of the solar cell operation, being a practical tool
for future calibration of tentative microscopic descriptions.


title: Skyrmions confined as beads on a vortex ring

abstract:
  A very simple, quadratic potential is used to construct vortex strings in a
generalized Skyrme model and an additional quadratic potential is used to embed
sine-Gordon-type halfkinks onto the string worldline, yielding half-Skyrmions
on a string. The strings are furthermore compactified onto a circle and the
halfkinks are forced to appear in pairs; in particular 2B halfkinks
(half-Skyrmions) will appear as beads on a ring with B being the number of
times the host vortex is twisted and also the baryon number (Skyrmion number)
from the bulk point of view. Finally, we construct an effective field theory on
the torus, describing the kinks living on the vortex rings.


title:
Inference of Magnetic Field in the Coronal Streamer Invoking Kink Wave
  Motions generated by Multiple EUV Waves

abstract:
  Using MHD seismology by observed kink waves, the magnetic field profile of a
coronal streamer has been investigated. STEREO-B/EUVI temporal image data on 7
March 2012 shows an evolution of two consecutive EUV waves that interact with
the footpoint of a coronal streamer evident in the co-spatial and co-temporal
STEREO-B/COR-I observations. The evolution of EUV waves is clearly evident in
STEREO-B/EUVI, and its energy exchange with coronal streamer generates kink
oscillations. We estimate the phase velocities of the kink wave perturbations
by tracking it at different heights of the coronal streamer. We also estimate
the electron densities inside and outside the streamer using SSI of polarized
brightness images in STEREO-B/COR-1 observations. Taking into account the MHD
theory of kink waves in a cylindrical waveguide, their observed properties at
various heights, and density contrast of the streamer, we estimate the radial
profile of magnetic field within this magnetic structure. Both the kink waves
diagnose the exponentially decaying radial profiles of the magnetic field in
coronal steamer upto 3 solar radii. Within the limit of uncertainties in the
measurements, it is indicated that coronal magnetic field of the streamer
varies slowly in time at various heights, although its nature always remains
exponentially decaying. It is seen that during the evolution of second kink
motion in the streamer, it increases in brightness, and also in areal extent
slightly, which may be associated with the decreased photospheric magnetic flux
at its footpoint. As a result, the magnetic field profile produced by the
second kink wave is reduced within the streamer compared to the one diagnosed
by the first one. The precisely estimated magnetic field profiles with the
uncertainty less than 10% match well with the empirical profile and various
observational estimations of the outer coronal magnetic field.


title: Separable linear orders and universality

abstract:
  In various places in the literature it is stated that every separable linear
order embeds into the real line. This is, however, not the case, at least not
with respect to the usual definition of separability. We correct this
misconception.


title:
A structured argumentation framework for detaching conditional
  obligations

abstract:
  We present a general formal argumentation system for dealing with the
detachment of conditional obligations. Given a set of facts, constraints, and
conditional obligations, we answer the question whether an unconditional
obligation is detachable by considering reasons for and against its detachment.
For the evaluation of arguments in favor of detaching obligations we use a
Dung-style argumentation-theoretical semantics. We illustrate the modularity of
the general framework by considering some extensions, and we compare the
framework to some related approaches from the literature.


title: On a conjecture about dominant dimensions of algebras

abstract:
  For every $n \geq 1$, we present examples of algebras $A$ having dominant
dimension $n$, such that the algebra $B=End_A(I_0 \oplus \Omega^{-n}(A))$ has
dominant dimension different from $n$, where $I_0$ is the injective hull of
$A$. This gives a counterexample to conjecture 2 of Chen and Xi. While the
conjecture is false in general, we show that a large class of algebras
containing higher Auslander algebras satisfies the property in the conjecture.


title:
Which Adaptation Logic? An Objective and Subjective Performance
  Evaluation of HTTP-based Adaptive Media Streaming Systems

abstract:
  Multimedia content delivery over the Internet is predominantly using the
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) as its primary protocol and multiple
proprietary solutions exits. The MPEG standard Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over
HTTP (DASH) provides an interoperable solution and in recent years various
adaptation logics/algorithms have been proposed. However, to the best of our
knowledge, there is no comprehensive evaluation of the various
logics/algorithms. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of
ten different adaptation logics/algorithms, which have been proposed in the
past years. The evaluation is done both objectively and subjectively. The
former is using a predefined bandwidth trajectory within a controlled
environment and the latter is done in a real-world environment adopting
crowdsourcing. The results shall provide insights about which strategy can be
adopted in actual deployment scenarios. Additionally, the evaluation
methodology described in this paper can be used to evaluate any other/new
adaptation logic and to compare it directly with the results reported here.


title:
Chiral magnetic effect and anomalous transport from real-time lattice
  simulations

abstract:
  We present a first-principle study of anomaly induced transport phenomena by
performing real-time lattice simulations with dynamical fermions coupled
simultaneously to non-Abelian $SU(N_c)$ and Abelian $U(1)$ gauge fields.
Investigating the behavior of vector and axial currents during a sphaleron
transition in the presence of an external magnetic field, we demonstrate how
the interplay of the Chiral magnetic (CME) and Chiral separation effect (CSE)
lead to the formation of a propagating wave. We further analyze the dependence
of the magnitude of the induced vector current and the propagation of the wave
on the amount of explicit chiral symmetry breaking due to finite quark mass.


title: Integrability of Continuous Bundles

abstract:
  We give new sufficient conditions for the integrability and unique
integrability of continuous tangent sub-bundles on manifolds of arbitrary
dimension, generalizing Frobenius' classical Theorem for C^1 sub-bundles. Using
these conditions we derive new criteria for uniqueness of solutions to ODE's
and PDE's and for the integrability of invariant bundles in dynamical systems.
In particular we give a novel proof of the Stable Manifold Theorem and prove
some integrability results for dynamically defined dominated splittings.


title:
Local equivalence of representations of Diff$^+(S^1)$ corresponding to
  different highest weights

abstract:
  Let $c,h$ and $c,\tilde{h}$ be two admissible pairs of central charge and
highest weight for ${\rm Diff}^+(S^1)$. It is shown here that the positive
energy irreducible projective unitary representations $U_{c,h}$ and
$U_{c,\tilde{h}}$ of the group ${\rm Diff}^+(S^1)$ are locally equivalent. This
means that for any $I\Subset S^1$ open proper interval, there exists a unitary
operator $W_I$ such that $W_I U_{c,h}(\gamma)W_I^* = U_{c,\tilde{h}}(\gamma)$
for all $\gamma \in {\rm Diff}^+(S^1)$ which act identically on $I^c\equiv
S^1\setminus I$ (i.e. which can "displace" or "move" points only in $I$). This
result extends and completes earlier ones that dealt with only certain regions
of the "$c,h$-plane", and closes the gap in the full classification of
superselection sectors of Virasoro nets.


title:
Finite element convergence analysis for the thermoviscoelastic Joule
  heating problem

abstract:
  We consider a system of equations that model the temperature, electric
potential and deformation of a thermoviscoelastic body. A typical application
is a thermistor; an electrical component that can be used e.g. as a surge
protector, temperature sensor or for very precise positioning. We introduce a
full discretization based on standard finite elements in space and a
semi-implicit Euler-type method in time. For this method we prove optimal
convergence orders, i.e. second-order in space and first-order in time. The
theoretical results are verified by several numerical experiments in two and
three dimensions.


title: Dissipation effects in mechanics and thermodynamics

abstract:
  With the discussion of three examples, we aim at clarifying the concept of
energy transfer associated with dissipation in mechanics and in thermodynamics.
The dissipation effects due to dissipative forces, such as the friction force
between solids or the drag force in motions in fluids, lead to an internal
energy increase of the system and/or to a heat transfer to the surrounding.
This heat flow is consistent with the second law, which states that the entropy
of the universe should increase when those forces are present because of the
irreversibility always associated with their actions. As far as mechanics is
concerned the effects of the dissipative forces are include in the Newton's
equations as impulses and pseudo-works.


title:
Localized defect states in MoS$_2$ monolayers: electronic and optical
  properties

abstract:
  Defects usually play an important role in tuning and modifying various
properties of semiconducting or insulating materials. Therefore we study the
impact of point and line defects on the electronic structure and optical
properties of MoS2 monolayers using density-functional methods. The different
types of defects form electronic states that are spatially localized on the
defect. The strongly localized nature is reflected in weak electronic
interactions between individual point or line defect and a weak dependence of
the defect formation energy on the defect concentration or line defect
separation. In the electronic energy spectrum the defect states occur as deep
levels in the band gap, as shallow levels very close to the band edges, as well
as levels in-between the bulk states. Due to their strongly localized nature,
all states of point defects are sharply peaked in energy. Periodic line defects
form nearly dispersionless one-dimensional band structures and the related
spectral features are also strongly peaked. The electronic structure of the
monolayer system is quite robust and it is well preserved for point defect
concentrations of up to 6%. The impact of point defects on the optical
absorption for concentrations of 1% and below is found to be very small. For
higher defect concentrations molybdenum vacancies were found to quench the
overall absorption and sulfur defects lead to sharp absorption peaks below the
absorption edge of the ideal monolayer. For line defects, we did not find a
considerable impact on the absorption spectrum. These results support recent
experiments on defective transition metal chalcogenides.


title: ALMA Observations of HCN and its Isotopologues on Titan

abstract:
  We present sub-millimeter spectra of HCN isotopologues on Titan, derived from
publicly available ALMA flux calibration observations of Titan taken in early
2014. We report the detection of a new HCN isotopologue on Titan,
H$^{13}$C$^{15}$, and confirm an earlier report of detection of DCN. We model
high signal-to-noise observations of HCN, H$^{13}$CN, HC$^{15}$N, DCN, and
H$^{13}$C$^{15}$ to derive abundances and infer the following isotopic ratios:
$^{12}$C/$^{13}$C = 89.8 $\pm$ 2.8, $^{14}$N/$^{15}$N = 72.3 $\pm$ 2.2, D/H =
(2.5 $\pm$ 0.2)$\times$10$^{-4}$, and HCN/H$^{13}$C$^{15}$ = 5800 $\pm$ 270
(1$\sigma$ errors). The carbon and nitrogen ratios are consistent with and
improve on the precision of previous results, confirming a factor of $\sim$2.3
elevation in $^{14}$N/$^{15}$N in HCN compared to N$_2$ and a lack of
fractionation in $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C from the protosolar value. This is the first
published measurement of D/H in a nitrile species on Titan, and we find
evidence for a factor of $\sim$2 deuterium enrichment in hydrogen cyanide
compared to methane. The isotopic ratios we derive may be used as constraints
for future models to better understand the fractionation processes occurring in
Titan's atmosphere.


title: Uniformization by square domains

abstract:
  We find an extremal problem for conformal maps on a finitely connected
subregion of the Riemann sphere containing the point at infinity whose unique
solution is a map onto a square domain, that is, a domain whose complementary
components are (possibly degenerate) squares with sides parallel to the real or
the imaginary axis.


title: Data Centers as Dispatchable Loads to Harness Stranded Power

abstract:
  We analyze how both traditional data center integration and dispatchable load
integration affect power grid efficiency. We use detailed network models,
parallel optimization solvers, and thousands of renewable generation scenarios
to perform our analysis. Our analysis reveals that significant spillage and
stranded power will be observed in power grids as wind power levels are
increased. A counter-intuitive finding is that collocating data centers with
inflexible loads next to wind farms has limited impacts on renewable portfolio
standard (RPS) goals because it provides limited system-level flexibility and
can in fact increase stranded power and fossil-fueled generation. In contrast,
optimally placing data centers that are dispatchable (with flexible loads)
provides system-wide flexibility, reduces stranded power, and improves
efficiency. In short, optimally placed dispatchable computing loads can enable
better scaling to high RPS. We show that these dispatchable computing loads are
powered to 60~80\% of their requested capacity, indicating that there are
significant economic incentives provided by stranded power.


title: Nancy Cartwright and the Logic of Quantum Mechanics

abstract:
  This paper deals with Nancy Cartwright's views on the measurement problem in
Quantum Mechanics, as exposed in her book {\it{How the Laws of Physics Lie}}.
She does not accept the logic of Quantum Mechanics. It is argued that her
proposals, which are at variance with many facts results and epistemics of
Quantum Mechanics are the result of her choice of classical logic, which leads
her to propose the transition rate as the fundamental object of Quantum
Mechanics. I argue that this is incorrect. The positions which Nancy Cartwright
defends on the reduction of the wave packet do not address the fundamental
issue, i.e. the duality of a world where quantum and classical objects coexist
and interact. I suggest that the main problem with Nancy Cartwright's positions
is her difficulty in accepting that the contradiction at the basis of Quantum
Mechanics, i.e. the simultaneous corpuscular and wave-like nature of quantum
objects, is a fact of nature. Recent experiments, described in this paper, shed
a new light on the foundations of Quantum Mechanics and on the topic of this
paper. The limits of the no-contradiction principle are discussed; modern
dialectical materialism is argued to offer a useful framework for the interplay
between knowledge and reality.


title:
Cosmological implications of interacting Group Field Theory models:
  cyclic Universe and accelerated expansion

abstract:
  We study the cosmological implications of interactions between spacetime
quanta in the Group Field Theory (GFT) approach to Quantum Gravity from a
phenomenological perspective. Our work represents a first step towards
understanding Early Universe Cosmology by studying the dynamics of the emergent
continuum spacetime, as obtained from a fundamentally discrete microscopic
theory. In particular, we show how GFT interactions lead to a recollapse of the
Universe while preserving the bounce replacing the initial singularity, which
has already been shown to occur in the free case. It is remarkable that cyclic
cosmologies are thus obtained in this framework without any a priori assumption
on the geometry of spatial sections of the emergent spacetime. Furthermore, we
show how interactions make it possible to have an early epoch of accelerated
expansion, which can be made to last for an arbitrarily large number of
e-folds, without the need to introduce an ad hoc potential for the scalar
field.


title: $f$-Racks, $f$-Quandles, their Extensions and Cohomology

abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the notions of $f$-rack
and $f$-quandle which are obtained by twisting the usual equational identities
by a map. We provide some key constructions, examples and classification of low
order $f$-quandles. Moreover, we define modules over $f$-racks, discuss
extensions and define a cohomology complex for $f$-quandles.


title: On the work of internal forces

abstract:
  We discuss the role of the internal forces and how their work changes the
energy of a system. We illustrate the contribution of the internal work to the
variation of the system's energy, using a pure mechanical example, a
thermodynamical system and an example from electromagnetism. We emphasize that
internal energy variations related to the work of the internal forces should be
pinpointed in the classroom and placed on the same footing as other internal
energy variations such as those caused by temperature changes or by chemical
reactions.


title: Parton distribution functions in Monte Carlo factorisation scheme

abstract:
  A next step in development of the KrkNLO method of including complete NLO QCD
corrections to hard processes in a LO parton-shower Monte Carlo (PSMC) is
presented. It consists of generalisation of the method, previously used for the
Drell-Yan process, to Higgs-boson production. This extension is accompanied
with the complete description of parton distribution functions (PDFs) in a
dedicated, Monte Carlo (MC) factorisation scheme, applicable to any process of
production of one or more colour-neutral particles in hadron-hadron collisions.


title:
Galactic planetary nebulae with precise nebular abundances as a tool to
  understand the evolution of asymptotic giant branch stars

abstract:
  We present nucleosynthesis predictions (HeCNOCl) from asymptotic giant branch
(AGB) models, with diffusive overshooting from all the convective borders, in
the metallicity range Z/4 < Z < 2Zsun. They are compared to recent precise
nebular abundances in a sample of Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) that is
divided among double-dust chemistry (DC) and oxygen-dust chemistry (OC)
according to the infrared dust features. Unlike the similar subsample of
Galactic carbon-dust chemistry PNe recently analysed by us, here the individual
abundance errors, the higher metallicity spread, and the uncertain dust
types/subtypes in some PNe do not allow a clear determination of the AGB
progenitor masses (and formation epochs) for both PNe samples; the comparison
is thus more focussed on a object-by-object basis. The lowest metallicity OC
PNe evolve from low-mass (~1 Msun) O-rich AGBs, while the higher metallicity
ones (all with uncertain dust classifications) display a chemical pattern
similar to the DC PNe. In agreement with recent literature, the DC PNe mostly
descend from high-mass (M > 3.5 Msun) solar/supersolar metallicity AGBs that
experience hot bottom burning (HBB), but other formation channels in low-mass
AGBs like extra mixing, stellar rotation, binary interaction, or He
pre-enrichment cannot be disregarded until more accurate C/O ratios would be
obtained. Two objects among the DC PNe show the imprint of advanced CNO
processing and deep second dredge-up, suggesting progenitors masses close to
the limit to evolve as core collapse supernovae (above 6 Msun). Their actual
C/O ratio, if confirmed, indicate contamination from the third dredge-up,
rejecting the hypothesis that the chemical composition of such high-metallicity
massive AGBs is modified exclusively by HBB.


title: "Walking" Along a Free Rotating Bicycle Wheel (Round and Round)

abstract:
  We describe the kinematics, dynamics and also some energetic issues related
to the Marta mouse motion when she walks on top of a horizontal bicycle wheel,
which is free to rotate like a merry-to-go round, as presented recently by Paul
Hewitt in the Figuring Physics section of this magazine.


title: Sums of multiplicative characters with additive convolutions

abstract:
  In the paper we obtain new estimates for binary and ternary sums of
multiplicative characters with additive convolutions of characteristic
functions of sets, having small additive doubling. In particular, we improve a
result of M.-C. Chang. The proof uses Croot-Sisask almost periodicity lemma.


title: On strictly Chordality-k graphs

abstract:
  Strictly Chordality-k graphs (SC_k graphs) are graphs which are either cycle
free or every induced cycle is exactly k, for some fixed k, k \geq 3. Note that
k = 3 and k = 4 are precisely the Chordal graphs and Chordal Bipartite graphs,
respectively. In this paper, we initiate a structural and an algorithmic study
of SCk, k \geq 5 graphs.


title: Beyond Counting: New Perspectives on the Active IPv4 Address Space

abstract:
  In this study, we report on techniques and analyses that enable us to capture
Internet-wide activity at individual IP address-level granularity by relying on
server logs of a large commercial content delivery network (CDN) that serves
close to 3 trillion HTTP requests on a daily basis. Across the whole of 2015,
these logs recorded client activity involving 1.2 billion unique IPv4
addresses, the highest ever measured, in agreement with recent estimates.
Monthly client IPv4 address counts showed constant growth for years prior, but
since 2014, the IPv4 count has stagnated while IPv6 counts have grown. Thus, it
seems we have entered an era marked by increased complexity, one in which the
sole enumeration of active IPv4 addresses is of little use to characterize
recent growth of the Internet as a whole.
  With this observation in mind, we consider new points of view in the study of
global IPv4 address activity. Our analysis shows significant churn in active
IPv4 addresses: the set of active IPv4 addresses varies by as much as 25% over
the course of a year. Second, by looking across the active addresses in a
prefix, we are able to identify and attribute activity patterns to network
restructurings, user behaviors, and, in particular, various address assignment
practices. Third, by combining spatio-temporal measures of address utilization
with measures of traffic volume, and sampling-based estimates of relative host
counts, we present novel perspectives on worldwide IPv4 address activity,
including empirical observation of under-utilization in some areas, and
complete utilization, or exhaustion, in others.


title:
Simulating Posterior Distributions for Zero-Inflated Automobile
  Insurance Data

abstract:
  Generalized linear models (GLMs) using a regression procedure to fit
relationships between predictor and target variables are widely used in
automobile insurance data. Here, in the process of ratemaking and in order to
compute the premiums to be charged to the policy--holders it is crucial to
detect the relevant variables which affect to the value of the premium since in
this case the insurer could eventually fix more precisely the premiums. We
propose here a methodology with a different perspective. Instead of the
exponential family we pay attention to the Power Series Distributions and
develop a Bayesian methodology using sampling--based methods in order to detect
relevant variables in automobile insurance data set. This model, as the GLMs,
allows to incorporate the presence of an excessive number of zero counts and
overdispersion phenomena (variance larger than the mean). Following this
spirit, in this paper we present a novel and flexible zero--inflated Bayesian
regression model. This model includes other familiar models such as the
zero--inflated Poisson and zero--inflated geometric models, as special cases. A
Bayesian estimation method is developed as an alternative to traditionally used
maximum likelihood based methods to analyze such data. For a real data
collected from 2004 to 2005 in an Australian insurance company an example is
provided by using Markov Chain Monte Carlo method which is developed in WinBUGS
package. The results show that the new Bayesian method performs the previous
models.


title:
Gravitational wave quasinormal mode from Population III massive black
  hole binaries in various models of population synthesis

abstract:
  Focusing on the remnant black holes after merging binary black holes, we show
that ringdown gravitational waves of Population III binary black holes mergers
can be detected with the rate of $5.9-500~{\rm events~yr^{-1}}~({\rm SFR_p}/
(10^{-2.5}~M_\odot~{\rm yr^{-1}~Mpc^{-3}})) \cdot ({\rm [f_b/(1+f_b)]/0.33})$
for various parameters and functions. This rate is estimated for the events
with SNR$>8$ for the second generation gravitational wave detectors such as
KAGRA. Here, ${\rm SFR_p}$ and ${\rm f_b}$ are the peak value of the Population
III star formation rate and the fraction of binaries, respectively. When we
consider only the events with SNR$>35$, the event rate becomes $0.046-4.21~{\rm
events~yr^{-1}}~({\rm SFR_p}/ (10^{-2.5}~M_\odot~{\rm yr^{-1}~Mpc^{-3}})) \cdot
({\rm [f_b/(1+f_b)]/0.33})$. This suggest that for remnant black hole's spin
$q_f>0.95$ we have the event rate with SNR$>35$ less than $0.037~{\rm
events~yr^{-1}}~({\rm SFR_p}/ (10^{-2.5}~M_\odot~{\rm yr^{-1}~Mpc^{-3}})) \cdot
({\rm [f_b/(1+f_b)]/0.33})$, while it is $3-30~{\rm events~yr^{-1}}~({\rm
SFR_p}/ (10^{-2.5}~M_\odot~{\rm yr^{-1}~Mpc^{-3}})) \cdot ({\rm
[f_b/(1+f_b)]/0.33})$ for the third generation detectors such as Einstein
Telescope. If we detect many Population III binary black holes merger, it may
be possible to constrain the Population III binary evolution paths not only by
the mass distribution but also by the spin distribution.


title:
Mapping Unoccupied Electronic States of Freestanding Graphene by
  Angle-Resolved Low-Energy Electron Transmission

abstract:
  We report angle-resolved electron transmission measurements through
freestanding graphene sheets in the energy range of 18 to 30 eV above the Fermi
level. The measurements are carried out in a low-energy electron point source
microscope, which allows simultaneously probing the transmission for a large
angular range. The characteristics of low-energy electron transmission through
graphene depend on its electronic structure above the vacuum level. The
experimental technique described here allows mapping the unoccupied band
structure of freestanding two-dimensional materials as a function of energy and
probing angle, respectively in-plane momentum. Our experimental findings are
consistent with theoretical predictions of a resonance in the band structure of
graphene above the vacuum level [V. U. Nazarov, E. E. Krasovskii, and V. M.
Silkin, Physical Review B 87, 041405 (2013)].


title: Rotating Leaks in the Stadium Billiard

abstract:
  The open stadium billiard has a survival probability, $P(t)$, that depends on
the rate of escape of particles through the leak. It is known that the decay of
$P(t)$ is exponential early in time while for long times the decay follows a
power law. In this work we investigate an open stadium billiard in which the
leak is free to rotate around the boundary of the stadium at a constant
velocity, $\omega$. It is found that $P(t)$ is very sensitive to $\omega$. For
certain $\omega$ values $P(t)$ is purely exponential while for other values the
power law behaviour at long times persists. We identify three ranges of
$\omega$ values corresponding to three different responses of $P(t)$. It is
shown that these variations in $P(t)$ are due to the interaction of the moving
leak with Marginally Unstable Periodic Orbits (MUPOs).


title: Twisted supergravity and its quantization

abstract:
  Twisted supergravity is supergravity in a background where the bosonic ghost
field takes a non-zero value. This is the supergravity counterpart of the
familiar concept of twisting supersymmetric field theories. In this paper, we
give conjectural descriptions of type IIA and IIB supergravity in $10$
dimensions. Our conjectural descriptions are in terms of the closed-string
field theories associated to certain topological string theories, and we
conjecture that these topological string theories are twists of the physical
string theories. For type IIB, the results of arXiv:1505.6703 show that our
candidate twisted supergravity theory admits a unique quantization in
perturbation theory. This is despite the fact that the theories, like the
original physical theories, are non-renormalizable. Although we do not prove
our conjectures, we amass considerable evidence. We find that our candidates
for the twisted supergravity theories contain the residual supersymmetry one
would expect. We also prove (using heavily a result of Baulieu arXiv:1009.3893)
the open string version of our conjecture: the theory living on a brane in the
topological string theory is a twist of the maximally supersymmetric gauge
theory living on the brane in the physical string theory.


title: Helicity conservation under quantum reconnection of vortex rings

abstract:
  Here we show that under quantum reconnection, simulated by using the
three-dimensional Gross- Pitaevskii equation, self-helicity of a system of two
interacting vortex rings remains conserved. By resolving the fine structure of
the vortex cores, we demonstrate that total length of the vortex system reaches
a maximum at the reconnection time, while both writhe helicity and twist
helicity remain separately unchanged throughout the process. Self-helicity is
computed by two independent methods, and topological information is based on
the extraction and analysis of geometric quantities such as writhe, total
torsion and intrinsic twist of the reconnecting vortex rings.


title:
The effect of a longitudinal density gradient on electron plasma wake
  field acceleration

abstract:
  Three dimensional, particle-in-cell, fully electromagnetic simulations of
electron plasma wake field acceleration in the blow out regime are presented.
Earlier results are extended by (i) studying the effect of longitudinal density
gradient; (ii) avoiding use of co-moving simulation box; (iii) inclusion of ion
motion; and (iv) studying fully electromagnetic plasma wake fields. It is
established that injecting driving and trailing electron bunches into a
positive density gradient of ten-fold increasing density over 10 cm long
Lithium vapor plasma, results in spatially more compact and three times larger,
compared to the uniform density case, electric fields ($-6.4 \times 10^{10}$
V/m), leading to acceleration of the trailing bunch up to 24.4 GeV (starting
from initial 20.4 GeV), with an energy transfer efficiencies from leading to
trailing bunch of 75 percent. In the uniform density case $-2.5 \times 10^{10}$
V/m wake is created leading to acceleration of the trailing bunch up to 22.4
GeV, with an energy transfer efficiencies of 65 percent. It is also established
that injecting the electron bunches into a negative density gradient of
ten-fold decreasing density over 10 cm long plasma, results in spatially more
spread and two-and-half smaller electric fields ($-1.0 \times 10^{10}$ V/m),
leading to a weaker acceleration of the trailing bunch up to 21.4 GeV, with an
energy transfer efficiencies of 45 percent. Inclusion of ion motions into
consideration shows that in the plasma wake ion number density can increase
over few times the background value. It is also shown that transverse
electromagnetic fields in plasma wake are of the same order as the longitudinal
(electrostatic) ones.


title: Implementation of the Maximum Entropy Method for Analytic Continuation

abstract:
  We present $\texttt{Maxent}$, a tool for performing analytic continuation of
spectral functions using the maximum entropy method. The code operates on
discrete imaginary axis datasets (values with uncertainties) and transforms
this input to the real axis. The code works for imaginary time and Matsubara
frequency data and implements the 'Legendre' representation of finite
temperature Green's functions. It implements a variety of kernels, default
models, and grids for continuing bosonic, fermionic, anomalous, and other data.
Our implementation is licensed under GPLv2 and extensively documented. This
paper shows the use of the programs in detail.


title: B.R.N.O. Contributions #39 Times of minima

abstract:
  This paper presents 1463 times of minima for 455 objects acquired by 46
members and cooperating observers of the Variable Star and Exoplanet Section of
the Czech Astronomical Society (B.R.N.O. Observing project). Observations were
carried out between October 2013 - September 2014. Some neglected southern
eclipsing binaries and newly discovered stars by the observers of project
B.R.N.O. are included in the list.


title: Decoding Emotional Experience through Physiological Signal Processing

abstract:
  There is an increasing consensus among re- searchers that making a computer
emotionally intelligent with the ability to decode human affective states would
allow a more meaningful and natural way of human-computer interactions (HCIs).
One unobtrusive and non-invasive way of recognizing human affective states
entails the exploration of how physiological signals vary under different
emotional experiences. In particular, this paper explores the correlation
between autonomically-mediated changes in multimodal body signals and discrete
emotional states. In order to fully exploit the information in each modality,
we have provided an innovative classification approach for three specific
physiological signals including Electromyogram (EMG), Blood Volume Pressure
(BVP) and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR). These signals are analyzed as inputs to
an emotion recognition paradigm based on fusion of a series of weak learners.
Our proposed classification approach showed 88.1% recognition accuracy, which
outperformed the conventional Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier with 17%
accuracy improvement. Furthermore, in order to avoid information redundancy and
the resultant over-fitting, a feature reduction method is proposed based on a
correlation analysis to optimize the number of features required for training
and validating each weak learner. Results showed that despite the feature space
dimensionality reduction from 27 to 18 features, our methodology preserved the
recognition accuracy of about 85.0%. This reduction in complexity will get us
one step closer towards embedding this human emotion encoder in the wireless
and wearable HCI platforms.