title: Incentives for Truthful Evaluations

abstract:
  We consider crowdsourcing problems where the users are asked to provide
evaluations for items; the user evaluations are then used directly, or
aggregated into a consensus value. Lacking an incentive scheme, users have no
motive in making effort in completing the evaluations, providing inaccurate
answers instead. We propose incentive schemes that are truthful and cheap:
truthful as the optimal user behavior consists in providing accurate
evaluations, and cheap because the truthfulness is achieved with little
overhead cost. We consider both discrete evaluation tasks, where an evaluation
can be done either correctly, or incorrectly, with no degrees of approximation
in between, and quantitative evaluation tasks, where evaluations are real
numbers, and the error is measured as distance from the correct value. For both
types of tasks, we propose hierarchical incentive schemes that can be effected
with a small amount of additional evaluations, and that scale to arbitrarily
large crowd sizes: they have the property that the strength of the incentive
does not weaken with increasing hierarchy depth. Interestingly, we show that
for these schemes to work, the only requisite is that workers know their place
in the hierarchy in advance.


title:
An extremal problem related to generalizations of the Nyman-Beurling and
  B\'aez-Duarte criteria

abstract:
  We establish generalizations of the Nyman-Beurling and B\'aez-Duarte criteria
concerning lack of zeros of Dirichlet $L$-functions in the semi-plane $\Re(s)
>1/p$ for $p\in (1,2]$. We pose and solve a natural extremal problem for
Dirichlet polynomials which take values one at the zeros of the corresponding
$L$-function on the vertical line $\Re(s)=1/p$.


title: Online Monotone Optimization

abstract:
  This paper presents a new framework for analyzing and designing no-regret
algorithms for dynamic (possibly adversarial) systems. The proposed framework
generalizes the popular online convex optimization framework and extends it to
its natural limit allowing it to capture a notion of regret that is intuitive
for more general problems such as those encountered in game theory and
variational inequalities. The framework hinges on a special choice of a
system-wide loss function we have developed. Using this framework, we prove
that a simple update scheme provides a no-regret algorithm for monotone
systems. While previous results in game theory prove individual agents can
enjoy unilateral no-regret guarantees, our result proves monotonicity
sufficient for guaranteeing no-regret when considering the adjustments of
multiple agent strategies in parallel. Furthermore, to our knowledge, this is
the first framework to provide a suitable notion of regret for variational
inequalities. Most importantly, our proposed framework ensures monotonicity a
sufficient condition for employing multiple online learners safely in parallel.


title: Hilbert space hypocoercivity for the Langevin dynamics revisited

abstract:
  We provide a complete elaboration of the $L^2$-Hilbert space hypocoercivity
theorem for the degenerate Langevin dynamics via studying the longtime behavior
of the strongly continuous contraction semigroup solving the associated
Kolmogorov (backward) equation as an abstract Cauchy problem. This
hypocoercivity result is proven in previous works before by Dolbeault, Mouhot
and Schmeiser in the corresponding dual Fokker-Planck framework, but without
including domain issues of the appearing operators. In our elaboration, we
include the domain issues and additionally compute the rate of convergence in
dependence of the damping coefficient. Important statements for the complete
elaboration are the m-dissipativity results for the Langevin operator
established by Conrad and the first named author of this article as well as the
essential selfadjointness results for generalized Schr\"{o}dinger operators by
Wielens or Bogachev, Krylov and R\"{o}ckner. We emphasize that the chosen
Kolmogorov approach is natural. Indeed, techniques from the theory of
(generalized) Dirichlet forms imply a stochastic representation of the Langevin
semigroup as the transition kernel of diffusion process which provides a
martingale solution to the Langevin equation. Hence an interesting connection
between the theory of hypocoercivity and the theory of (generalized) Dirichlet
forms is established besides.


title:
Simple weak modules for the fixed point subalgebra of the Heisenberg
  vertex operator algebra of rank $1$ by an automorphism of order $2$ and
  Whittaker vectors

abstract:
  Let $M(1)$ be the vertex operator algebra with the Virasoro element $\omega$
associated to the Heisenberg algebra of rank $1$ and let $M(1)^{+}$ be the
subalgebra of $M(1)$ consisting of the fixed points of an automorphism of
$M(1)$ of order $2$. We classify the simple weak $M(1)^{+}$-modules with a
non-zero element $w$ such that for some integer $s\geq 2$, $\omega_i
w\in{\mathbb C}w$ ($i=\lfloor s/2\rfloor+1,\lfloor s/2\rfloor+2,\ldots,s-1$),
$\omega_{s}w\in{\mathbb C}^{\times}w$, and $\omega_i w=0$ for all $i>s$. The
result says that any such simple weak $M(1)^{+}$-module is isomorphic to some
simple weak $M(1)$-module or to some $\theta$-twisted simple weak
$M(1)$-module.


title:
A Non-stochastic Learning Approach to Energy Efficient Mobility
  Management

abstract:
  Energy efficient mobility management is an important problem in modern
wireless networks with heterogeneous cell sizes and increased nodes densities.
We show that optimization-based mobility protocols cannot achieve long-term
optimal energy consumption, particularly for ultra-dense networks (UDN). To
address the complex dynamics of UDN, we propose a non-stochastic
online-learning approach which does not make any assumption on the statistical
behavior of the small base station (SBS) activities. In addition, we introduce
handover cost to the overall energy consumption, which forces the resulting
solution to explicitly minimize frequent handovers. The proposed Batched
Randomization with Exponential Weighting (BREW) algorithm relies on batching to
explore in bulk, and hence reduces unnecessary handovers. We prove that the
regret of BREW is sublinear in time, thus guaranteeing its convergence to the
optimal SBS selection. We further study the robustness of the BREW algorithm to
delayed or missing feedback. Moreover, we study the setting where SBSs can be
dynamically turned on and off. We prove that sublinear regret is impossible
with respect to arbitrary SBS on/off, and then develop a novel learning
strategy, called ranking expert (RE), that simultaneously takes into account
the handover cost and the availability of SBS. To address the high complexity
of RE, we propose a contextual ranking expert (CRE) algorithm that only assigns
experts in a given context. Rigorous regret bounds are proved for both RE and
CRE with respect to the best expert. Simulations show that not only do the
proposed mobility algorithms greatly reduce the system energy consumption, but
they are also robust to various dynamics which are common in practical
ultra-dense wireless networks.


title:
Optimizing Recurrent Neural Networks Architectures under Time
  Constraints

abstract:
  Recurrent neural network (RNN)'s architecture is a key factor influencing its
performance. We propose algorithms to optimize hidden sizes under running time
constraint. We convert the discrete optimization into a subset selection
problem. By novel transformations, the objective function becomes submodular
and constraint becomes supermodular. A greedy algorithm with bounds is
suggested to solve the transformed problem. And we show how transformations
influence the bounds. To speed up optimization, surrogate functions are
proposed which balance exploration and exploitation. Experiments show that our
algorithms can find more accurate models or faster models than manually tuned
state-of-the-art and random search. We also compare popular RNN architectures
using our algorithms.


title:
Ultracold few fermionic atoms in needle-shaped double wells: spin chains
  and resonating spin clusters from microscopic Hamiltonians emulated via
  antiferromagnetic Heisenberg and t-J models

abstract:
  Advances with trapped ultracold atoms intensified interest in simulating
complex physical phenomena, including quantum magnetism and transitions from
itinerant to non-itinerant behavior. Here we show formation of
antiferromagnetic ground states of few ultracold fermionic atoms in single and
double well (DW) traps, through microscopic Hamiltonian exact diagonalization
for two DW arrangements: (i) two linearly oriented one-dimensional, 1D, wells,
and (ii) two coupled parallel wells, forming a trap of two-dimensional, 2D,
nature. The spectra and spin-resolved conditional probabilities reveal for both
cases, under strong repulsion, atomic spatial localization at extemporaneously
created sites, forming quantum molecular magnetic structures with non-itinerant
character. These findings usher future theoretical and experimental
explorations into the highly-correlated behavior of ultracold
strongly-repelling fermionic atoms in higher dimensions, beyond the
fermionization physics that is strictly applicable only in the 1D case. The
results for four atoms are well described with finite Heisenberg spin-chain and
cluster models. The numerical simulations of three fermionic atoms in symmetric
double wells reveal the emergent appearance of coupled resonating 2D Heisenberg
clusters, whose emulation requires the use of a t-J-like model, akin to that
used in investigations of high T$_c$ superconductivity. The highly entangled
states discovered in the microscopic and model calculations of controllably
detuned, asymmetric, double wells suggest three-cold-atom DW quantum computing
qubits.


title: Surface-gate-defined single-electron-transistor in a MoS$_{2}$ bilayer

abstract:
  We report the multi-scale modeling and design of a gate-defined
single-electron transistor in a MoS$_{2}$ bilayer. By combining
density-functional theory and finite-element analysis, we design a surface gate
structure to electrostatically define and tune a quantum dot and its associated
tunnel barriers in the MoS$_{2}$ bilayer. Our approach suggests new pathways
for the creation of novel quantum electronic devices in two-dimensional
materials.


title:
Human-Algorithm Interaction Biases in the Big Data Cycle: A Markov Chain
  Iterated Learning Framework

abstract:
  Early supervised machine learning algorithms have relied on reliable expert
labels to build predictive models. However, the gates of data generation have
recently been opened to a wider base of users who started participating
increasingly with casual labeling, rating, annotating, etc. The increased
online presence and participation of humans has led not only to a
democratization of unchecked inputs to algorithms, but also to a wide
democratization of the "consumption" of machine learning algorithms' outputs by
general users. Hence, these algorithms, many of which are becoming essential
building blocks of recommender systems and other information filters, started
interacting with users at unprecedented rates. The result is machine learning
algorithms that consume more and more data that is unchecked, or at the very
least, not fitting conventional assumptions made by various machine learning
algorithms. These include biased samples, biased labels, diverging training and
testing sets, and cyclical interaction between algorithms, humans, information
consumed by humans, and data consumed by algorithms. Yet, the continuous
interaction between humans and algorithms is rarely taken into account in
machine learning algorithm design and analysis. In this paper, we present a
preliminary theoretical model and analysis of the mutual interaction between
humans and algorithms, based on an iterated learning framework that is inspired
from the study of human language evolution. We also define the concepts of
human and algorithm blind spots and outline machine learning approaches to mend
iterated bias through two novel notions: antidotes and reactive learning.


title:
Some conjectures on modular representations of affine $\mathfrak{sl}_2$
  and Virasoro algebra

abstract:
  We conjecture an explicit bound on the prime characteristic of a field, under
which the Weyl modules of affine $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ and the minimal series
modules of Virasoro algebra remain irreducible, and Goddard-Kent-Olive coset
construction for affine $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ is valid.


title: Using k-nearest neighbors to construct cancelable minutiae templates

abstract:
  Fingerprint is widely used in a variety of applications. Security measures
have to be taken to protect the privacy of fingerprint data. Cancelable
biometrics is proposed as an effective mechanism of using and protecting
biometrics. In this paper we propose a new method of constructing cancelable
fingerprint template by combining real template with synthetic template.
Specifically, each user is given one synthetic minutia template generated with
random number generator. Every minutia point from the real template is
individually thrown into the synthetic template, from which its k-nearest
neighbors are found. The verification template is constructed by combining an
arbitrary set of the k-nearest neighbors. To prove the validity of the scheme,
testing is carried out on three databases. The results show that the
constructed templates satisfy the requirements of cancelable biometrics.


title:
Precision study of the $\eta\to\mu^+\mu^-\gamma$ and
  $\omega\to\mu^+\mu^-\pi^0$ electromagnetic transition form-factors and of the
  $\rho\to\mu^+\mu^-$ line shape in NA60

abstract:
  The NA60 experiment studied low-mass muon pair production in proton-nucleus
(p-A) collisions using a 400~GeV proton beam at the CERN SPS. The low-mass
dimuon spectrum is well described by the superposition of the two-body and
Dalitz decays of the light neutral mesons $\eta$, $\rho$, $\omega$, $\eta'$ and
$\phi$, and no evidence of in-medium effects is found. A new high-precision
measurement of the electromagnetic transition form factors of the $\eta$ and
$\omega$ was performed, profiting from a 10~times larger data sample than the
peripheral In-In sample previously collected by NA60. Using the
pole-parameterisation $|F(M)|^2 = (1 -M^2/\mathrm{\Lambda}^2)^{-2}$ we find
$\mathrm{\Lambda}_\eta^{-2} = 1.934\ \pm\ 0.067$~(stat.) $\pm\
0.050$~(syst.)~(GeV/$c^2$)$^{-2}$ and $\mathrm{\Lambda}_\omega^{-2} = 2.223\
\pm\ 0.026$~(stat.) $\pm\ 0.037$~(syst.)~(GeV/$c^2$)$^{-2}$. An improved value
of the branching ratio of the Dalitz decay $\omega \to \mu^+\mu^-\pi^0$ is also
obtained, with $BR(\omega \to \mu^+\mu^-\pi^0) =
[1.41~\pm~0.09~\mathrm{(stat.)}$ $\pm~0.15~\mathrm{(syst.)}] \times 10^{-4}$.
Further results refer to the $\rho$ line shape and a new limit on $\rho/\omega$
interference in hadron interactions.


title: Diffusion in Networks and the Unexpected Virtue of Burstiness

abstract:
  Whether an idea, information, infection, or innovation diffuses throughout a
society depends not only on the structure of the network of interactions, but
also on the timing of those interactions. Recent studies have shown that
diffusion can fail on a network in which people are only active in "bursts",
active for a while and then silent for a while, but diffusion could succeed on
the same network if people were active in a more random Poisson manner. Those
studies generally consider models in which nodes are active according to the
same random timing process and then ask which timing is optimal. In reality,
people differ widely in their activity patterns -- some are bursty and others
are not. Here we show that, if people differ in their activity patterns, bursty
behavior does not always hurt the diffusion, and in fact having some (but not
all) of the population be bursty significantly helps diffusion. We prove that
maximizing diffusion requires heterogeneous activity patterns across agents,
and the overall maximizing pattern of agents' activity times does not involve
any Poisson behavior.


title:
$X(4140)$, $X(4270)$, $X(4500)$ and $X(4700)$ and their
  $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark partners

abstract:
  In the simple color-magnetic interaction model, we investigate possible
ground $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark states in the diquark-antidiquark basis.
We use several methods to estimate the mass spectrum and discuss possible
assignment for the $X$ states observed in the $J/\psi\phi$ channel. We find
that assigning the Belle $X(4350)$ as a $0^{++}$ tetraquark is consistent with
the tetraquark interpretation for the $X(4140)$ and $X(4270)$ while the
interpretation of the $X(4500)$ and $X(4700)$ needs orbital or radial
excitation. There probably exist several tetraquarks around 4.3 GeV that decay
into $J/\psi\phi$ or $\eta_c\phi$.


title: Networks: An Economic Perspective

abstract:
  We discuss social network analysis from the perspective of economics. We
organize the presentaion around the theme of externalities: the effects that
one's behavior has on others' well-being. Externalities underlie the
interdependencies that make networks interesting. We discuss network formation,
as well as interactions between peoples' behaviors within a given network, and
the implications in a variety of settings. Finally, we highlight some empirical
challenges inherent in the statistical analysis of network-based data.


title:
Coexistence and Extinction in Time-Periodic Volterra-Lotka Type Systems
  with Nonlocal Dispersal

abstract:
  This paper deals with coexistence and extinction of time periodic
Volterra-Lotka type competing systems with nonlocal dispersal. Such issues have
already been studied for time independent systems with nonlocal dispersal and
time periodic systems with random dispersal, but have not been studied yet for
time periodic systems with nonlocal dispersal. In this paper, the relations
between the coefficients representing Malthusian growths, self regulations and
competitions of the two species have been obtained which ensure coexistence and
extinction for the time periodic Volterra-Lotka type system with nonlocal
dispersal. The underlying environment of the Volterra-Lotka type system under
consideration has either hostile surroundings, or non-flux boundary, or is
spatially periodic.


title:
Susceptibilities of Conserved Charges within a Modified
  Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model

abstract:
  We evaluate the $2$nd to $4$th order baryon, charge and strangeness
susceptibilities near a chiral critical point using the Nambu--Jona--Lasinio
model under different temperature and baryon chemical potential. Baryon number
susceptibilities are found to be of the greatest magnitude, offering the
strongest signal. Whereas the strangeness susceptibilities have the smallest
divergence dominating area, owing to the large strange quark mass. We also make
an attempt to compare our results with experiment data. The trend at high
collision energy are found to be consistent between theory and experiment. The
model calculation predicts more complex behavior at low collision energies,
near the postulated critical end point.


title: Stellar Flares in the CSTAR Field: Results from the 2008 Data Set

abstract:
  The Chinese Small Telescope ARray (CSTAR) is the first Chinese astronomical
instrument placed in Antarctica. It is a group of four identical, fully
automatic $14.5\,\rm{cm}$ telescopes, with an field of view (FOV) of
$20\,\rm{deg^2}$ centered on the South Celestial Pole. Placed at Antarctic Dome
A, CSTAR is designed to provide high-cadence photometry for site monitoring and
variable sources detection. During the 2008 observing season, CSTAR has taken
high-precision photometric data for 18,145 stars around the South Celestial
Pole. At $i\,=\,7.5$ and $12$, the photometric precision reaches $\sim 8$ mmag
and $\sim 30$ mmag with a cadence of 20s or 30s, respectively. Using robust
detection method, we have found 15 stellar flares on 13 sources, including two
classified variables. We have also found a linear relation between the decay
times and the total durations of the stellar flares. The details of all
detected flares along with their stellar properties are presented in this work.


title: Machine Comprehension Using Match-LSTM and Answer Pointer

abstract:
  Machine comprehension of text is an important problem in natural language
processing. A recently released dataset, the Stanford Question Answering
Dataset (SQuAD), offers a large number of real questions and their answers
created by humans through crowdsourcing. SQuAD provides a challenging testbed
for evaluating machine comprehension algorithms, partly because compared with
previous datasets, in SQuAD the answers do not come from a small set of
candidate answers and they have variable lengths. We propose an end-to-end
neural architecture for the task. The architecture is based on match-LSTM, a
model we proposed previously for textual entailment, and Pointer Net, a
sequence-to-sequence model proposed by Vinyals et al.(2015) to constrain the
output tokens to be from the input sequences. We propose two ways of using
Pointer Net for our task. Our experiments show that both of our two models
substantially outperform the best results obtained by Rajpurkar et al.(2016)
using logistic regression and manually crafted features.


title:
A note about the linearized stability of a class of nonlinear fractional
  differential systems

abstract:
  In this paper, we discuss on the linearized stability of the trivial solution
for a class of nonlinear Caputo fractional differential systems of order
$\alpha\in(1,2)$. We show that some recent existing results in this direction
are wrong. To complete the literature we also give a criterion to test the
asymptotic stability of the trivial solution of this system.


title: Examining a possible cascade effect in chiral symmetry breaking

abstract:
  We examine a toy model and a cascade effect for confinement and chiral
symmetry breaking which consists in several phase transitions corresponding to
the formation of bound states and chiral condensates with different number of
fermions for a strong group. We analyze two examples: regular QCD where we
calculate the "four quark" vacuum condensate and a preon composite model based
on QCD at higher scales. In this context we also determine the number of
flavors at which the second chiral and confinement phase transitions occur and
discuss the consequences.


title: A family of new simple modules over the Schr\"odinger-Virasoro algebra

abstract:
  In this article, a large class of simple modules over the
Schr\"odinger-Virasoro algebra $\mathcal{G}$ are constructed, which include
highest weight modules and Whittaker modules. These modules are determined by
the simple modules over the finite-dimensional quotient algebras of some
subalgebras. Moreover, we show that all simple modules of $\mathcal{G}$ with
locally finite actions of elements in a certain positive part belong to this
class of simple modules. Similarly, a large class of simple modules over the
$W$-algebra $W(2,2)$ are constructed.


title: Cosmic Decoherence: Massive Fields

abstract:
  We study the decoherence of massive fields during inflation based on the
Zurek's density matrix approach. With the cubic interaction between inflaton
and massive fields, the reduced density matrix for the massive fields can be
calculated in the Schr\"odinger picture which is related to the variance of the
non-Gaussian exponent in the wave functional. The decoherence rate is computed
in the one-loop form from functional integration. For heavy fields with
$m\gtrsim \mathcal{O}(H)$, quantum fluctuations will easily stay in the quantum
state and decoherence is unlikely. While for light fields with mass smaller
than $\mathcal{O}(H)$, quantum fluctuations are easily decohered within
$5\sim10$ e-folds after Hubble crossing. Thus heavy fields can play a key role
in studying problems involving inflationary quantum information.


title:
Large Super-Fast Rotator Hunting Using the Intermediate Palomar
  Transient Factory

abstract:
  In order to look for large super-fast rotators, five dedicated surveys
covering ~ 188 square degree in the ecliptic plane have been carried out in
R-band with ~10 min cadence using the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory in
late 2014 and early 2015. Among 1029 reliable rotation periods obtained from
the surveys, we discovered one new large super-fast rotator, (40511) 1999 RE88,
and other 18 candidates. (40511) 1999 RE88 is an S-type inner main-belt
asteroid with a diameter of D = 1.9 +- 0.3 km, which has a rotation period of P
= 1.96 +- 0.01 hr and a lightcurve amplitude of ~0.1 mag. To maintain such fast
rotation, an internal cohesive strength of ~780 Pa is required. Combining all
known large super-fast rotators, their cohesive strengths all fall in the range
of 100 to 1000 Pa of lunar regolith. However, the number of large super-fast
rotators seems to be far less than the whole asteroid population. This might
indicate a peculiar asteroid group for them. Although the detection efficiency
for a long rotation period is greatly reduced due to our two-day observation
time span, the spin-rate distributions of this work show consistent results
with Chang et al. (2015) after considering the possible observational bias in
our surveys. It shows a number decrease with increase of spin rate for
asteroids with diameter of 3 < D < 15 km, and a number drop at spin-rate of f =
5 rev/day for asteroids with D < 3 km.


title: Magnetorotational Turbulence and Dynamo in a Collisionless Plasma

abstract:
  We present results from the first 3D kinetic numerical simulation of
magnetorotational turbulence and dynamo, using the local shearing-box model of
a collisionless accretion disc. The kinetic magnetorotational instability grows
from a subthermal magnetic field having zero net flux over the computational
domain to generate self-sustained turbulence and outward angular-momentum
transport. Significant Maxwell and Reynolds stresses are accompanied by
comparable viscous stresses produced by field-aligned ion pressure anisotropy,
which is regulated primarily by the mirror and ion-cyclotron instabilities
through particle trapping and pitch-angle scattering. The latter endow the
plasma with an effective viscosity that is biased with respect to the
magnetic-field direction and spatio-temporally variable. Energy spectra suggest
an Alfv\'en-wave cascade at large scales and a kinetic-Alfv\'en-wave cascade at
small scales, with strong small-scale density fluctuations and weak
non-axisymmetric density waves. Ions undergo non-thermal particle acceleration,
their distribution accurately described by a kappa distribution. These results
have implications for the properties of low-collisionality accretion flows,
such as that near the black hole at the Galactic center.


title:
Searching for SUSY and decaying gravitino DM at the LHC and Fermi-LAT
  with the $\mu\nu$SSM

abstract:
  The `$\mu$ from $\nu$' supersymmetric standard model ($\mu\nu$SSM) solves the
$\mu$ problem of supersymmetric models and reproduces neutrino data, simply
using couplings with the three families of right-handed neutrinos $\nu$'s.
Novel signatures of supersymmetry at the LHC are expected through these new
states, and couplings breaking $R$ parity. All supersymmetric particles are
potential candidates for the lightest one, which is not stable leading to
prompt or displaced vertices and producing final states with
multi-leptons/taus/jets/photons and missing energy. Besides, a decaying
gravitino turns out to be an interesting candidate for dark matter. It can be
searched through gamma-ray observations, such as those of the Fermi Large Area
Telescope. The latter, depending on the region of the parameter space of the
model, already imposes an upper bound on the gravitino mass of the order of
$5-20$ GeV and a lower bound on the lifetime of about $10^{25-28}$ s.


title:
Cahn-Hilliard approach to some degenerate parabolic equations with
  dynamic boundary conditions

abstract:
  In this paper the well-posedness of some degenerate parabolic equations with
a dynamic boundary condition is considered. To characterize the target
degenerate parabolic equation from the Cahn-Hilliard system, the nonlinear term
coming from the convex part of the double-well potential is chosen using a
suitable maximal monotone graph. The main topic of this paper is the existence
problem under an assumption for this maximal monotone graph for treating a
wider class. The existence of a weak solution is proved.


title:
Global Lipschitz stability for a fractional inverse transport problem by
  Carleman estimates

abstract:
  We consider a fractional radiative transport equation, where the time
derivative is of half order in the Caputo sense. By establishing Carleman
estimates, we prove the global Lipschitz stability in determining the
coefficients of the one-dimensional time-fractional radiative transport
equation of half-order.


title:
Indirect measurement of three-photon correlation in nonclassical light
  sources

abstract:
  We have observed the three-photon correlation in nonclassical light sources
by using an indirect measurement scheme based on the dead time effect of
photon-counting detectors. We first developed a general theory which enables us
to extract the three-photon correlation from the two-photon correlation of an
arbitrary light source measured with detectors with finite dead times. We then
confirmed the validity of our measurement scheme in experiments done with the
cavity-QED microlaser operating with a large intra-cavity mean photon number
exhibiting both sub- and super-poissoniaq photon statistics. The experimental
results were in a good agreement with the theoretical expectation. Our
measurement scheme provides an alternative approach for N-photon correlation
measurement employing (N-1) detectors and thus a reduced measurement time for a
given signal-to-noise ratio, compared to the usual scheme requiring N
detectors.


title: Vehicle Detection from 3D Lidar Using Fully Convolutional Network

abstract:
  Convolutional network techniques have recently achieved great success in
vision based detection tasks. This paper introduces the recent development of
our research on transplanting the fully convolutional network technique to the
detection tasks on 3D range scan data. Specifically, the scenario is set as the
vehicle detection task from the range data of Velodyne 64E lidar. We proposes
to present the data in a 2D point map and use a single 2D end-to-end fully
convolutional network to predict the objectness confidence and the bounding
boxes simultaneously. By carefully design the bounding box encoding, it is able
to predict full 3D bounding boxes even using a 2D convolutional network.
Experiments on the KITTI dataset shows the state-of-the-art performance of the
proposed method.


title: Birationality and Landau-Ginzburg models

abstract:
  We introduce a new technique for approaching birationality questions that
arise in the mirror symmetry of complete intersections in toric varieties. As
an application we answer affirmatively and conclusively the question of
Batyrev-Nill (2008) about the birationality of Calabi-Yau families associated
to multiple mirror nef-partitions. This completes the progress in this
direction made by Li's breakthrough (2016). In the process, we obtain results
in the theory of Borisov's nef-partitions (1993) and provide new insight on the
geometric content of the multiple mirror phenomenon.


title:
Minimal right determiners of irreducible morphisms in algebras of type
  ${\mathbb A}_n$

abstract:
  Let $\Lambda$ be a finite dimensional algebra of type ${\mathbb A}_n$ over an
algebraically closed field $K$ with the quiver $Q$ and let $|\Det(\Lambda)|$ be
the number of the minimal right determiners of all irreducible morphisms
between indecomposable left $\Lambda$-modules. If $\Lambda$ is a path algebra,
then we have $$|\Det(\Lambda)|= 2n-2, &\mbox{if $p=0$; } 2n-p-1, &\mbox{if
$p\geq 1$,}$$ where $p=|\{i\mid i$ is a source in $Q$ with $2\leq i\leq
n-1\}|$. If $\Lambda$ is a bound quiver algebra, then we have $$
|\Det(\Lambda)|= 2n-2, &\mbox{if $r=1$; } 2n-p-q-1, &\mbox{if $r\geq 2$,} $$
where $q$ is the number of non-zero sink ideals of $\Lambda$ and $r=|\{i\mid i$
is a sink in $Q$ with $1\leq i\leq n\}|$.


title:
Plasma-screening effects in the atrophysically relevant He-like and
  Li-like Mg and Fe ions

abstract:
  The effect of plasma environment on the atomic energy levels of He-like and
Li-like Mg and Fe ions have been studied using Debye model. The
equation-of-motion coupled-cluster (EOMCC) and Fock-space coupled-cluster
(FSCC) formalisms in the relativistic frame work have been adopted to describe
the atomic states and the energy levels of the above plasma embedded ions.
Salient features of these methods have been described to account the two
electron screening effects through the Debye potentials. The two-body screening
potential has been derived in the multipole expansion form to evaluate the
reduced matrix elements in solving the equation of motion. Using this extended
model, we have also predicted that quasi-degeneracy among the energy states
having same principal quantum number ($n$) but different angular momentum ($l$)
is slacken, whereas fine structure splitting is unaffected with increasing
plasma strength. These knowledge are useful in estimatingradiative opacity,
photoionization cross sections, line intensities, etc of the aforementioned
astrophysical plasmas.

categories: physics.atom-ph astro-ph.SR physics.ao-ph physics.plasm-ph


title:
Generation of an optical Schr\"odinger-cat-like state in a non-ideal
  cavity by injecting opposite-phase atomic dipoles

abstract:
  We propose a method to generate an optical Schr\"odinger-cat-like state in a
cavity in a substantial decoherence regime. Even when the cavity decay rate is
considerably large, a cat-like state can be generated in a laser-like setting
if the gain for the field is larger than the loss. Under the condition that
opposite-phase atomic dipoles repeatedly traverse the cavity, the cavity field
converges to a squeezed vacuum state in a steady state. A
Schr\"odinger-cat-like state is then generated when a single photon decay
occurs. The phase-space distribution of the cat state can be revealed in
homodyne detection by using the decaying photon as a herald event. Quantum
trajectory simulation was used to identify the conditions for the
Schr\"odinger-cat-like state formation as well as to analyze the properties of
those states. Based on these simulations, possible experiments are proposed
within the reach of the current technology.


title:
Bayesian Nonparametric Instrumental Variable Regression Approach to
  Quantile Inference

abstract:
  This study extends the Bayesian nonparametric instrumental variable
regression model to determine the structural effects of covariates on the
conditional quantile of the response variable. The error distribution is
nonparametrically modelled using a Dirichlet mixture of bivariate normal
distributions. The mean functions include the smooth effects of the covariates
represented using the spline functions in an additive manner. The conditional
variance of the second-stage error is also modelled using the spline functions
such that it varies smoothly with the covariates. Accordingly, the proposed
model allows for considerable flexibility in the shape of the quantile function
while correcting for an endogeneity effect. The posterior inference for the
proposed model is based on the Markov chain Monte Carlo method that requires no
Metropolis-Hastings update. The approach is demonstrated using simulated and
real data on the death rate in Japan during the inter-war period.


title:
Improvements to exact Boltzmann sampling using probabilistic
  divide-and-conquer and the recursive method

abstract:
  We demonstrate an approach for exact sampling of certain discrete
combinatorial distributions, which is a hybrid of exact Boltzmann sampling and
the recursive method, using probabilistic divide-and-conquer (PDC). The
approach specializes to exact Boltzmann sampling in the trivial setting, and
specializes to PDC deterministic second half in the first non-trivial
application. A large class of examples is given for which this method broadly
applies, and several examples are worked out explicitly.


title: Recent Results on Fault-Tolerant Consensus in Message-Passing Networks

abstract:
  Fault-tolerant consensus has been studied extensively in the literature,
because it is one of the most important distributed primitives and has wide
applications in practice. This paper surveys important results on
fault-tolerant consensus in message-passing networks, and the focus is on
results from the past decade. Particularly, we categorize the results into two
groups: new problem formulations and practical applications. In the first part,
we discuss new ways to define the consensus problem, which includes larger
input domains, link fault models, different network models . . . etc, and
briefly discuss the important techniques. In the second part, we focus on Crash
Fault-Tolerant (CFT) systems that use Paxos or Raft, and Byzantine
Fault-Tolerant (BFT) systems. We also discuss Bitcoin, which can be related to
solving Byzantine consensus in anonymous systems, and compare Bitcoin with BFT
systems and Byzantine consensus.


title: Emission Line Galaxies and Active Galactic Nuclei in WINGS clusters

abstract:
  We present the analysis of the emission line galaxies members of 46 low
redshift (0.04 < z < 0.07) clusters observed by WINGS (WIde-field Nearby Galaxy
cluster Survey, Fasano et al. 2006). Emission line galaxies were identified
following criteria that are meant to minimize biases against non-star forming
galaxies and classified employing diagnostic diagrams. We have examined the
emission line properties and frequencies of star forming galaxies, transition
objects and active galactic nuclei (AGNs: LINERs and Seyferts), unclassified
galaxies with emission lines, and quiescent galaxies with no detectable line
emission. A deficit of emission line galaxies in the cluster environment is
indicated by both a lower frequency with respect to control samples, and by a
systematically lower Balmer emission line equivalent width and luminosity (up
to one order of magnitude in equivalent width with respect to control samples
for transition objects) that implies a lower amount of ionised gas per unit
mass and a lower star formation rate if the source is classified as Hii region.
A sizable population of transition objects and of low-luminosity LINERs
(approx. 10 - 20% of all emission line galaxies) is detected among WINGS
cluster galaxies. With respect to Hii sources they are a factor of approx. 1.5
more frequent than (or at least as frequent as) in control samples. Transition
objects and LINERs in cluster are most affected in terms of line equivalent
width by the environment and appear predominantly consistent with "retired"
galaxies. Shock heating can be a possible gas excitation mechanism able to
account for observed line ratios. Specific to the cluster environment, we
suggest interaction between atomic and molecular gas and the intracluster
medium as a possible physical cause of line-emitting shocks.


title: Characteristic Functions Based on Quantum Jump Trajectory

abstract:
  Characteristic functions (CFs) provide a very efficient method for evaluating
the probability density functions of stochastic thermodynamic quantities and
investigating their statistical features in quantum master equations (QMEs). A
conventional procedure for obtaining these functions is to resort to a
first-principles approach; namely, the evolution equations of the CFs of the
combined system and its environment are obtained and then projected into the
degrees of freedom of the system. However, the QMEs can be unraveled by a
quantum jump trajectory. Thermodynamic quantities such as the heat, work, and
entropy production can be well defined along a trajectory. Hence, on the basis
of the notion of a trajectory, can we straightforwardly derive these CFs, e.g.,
their evolution equations? This is essential to establish the self-contained
stochastic thermodynamics of a QME. In this paper, we show that it is indeed
plausible and also simple. Particularly, these equations are fully consistent
with those obtained by the first-principles method. Our results have practical
significance; they indicate that the quantum fluctuation relations could be
verified by more realistic photocounting experiments.


title: Arithmetic topology in Ihara theory

abstract:
  Ihara initiated to study a certain Galois representation which may be seen as
an arithmetic analogue of the Artin representation of a pure braid group. We
pursue the analogies in Ihara theory further, following after some issues and
their inter-relations in the theory of braids and links such as Milnor
invariants, Johnson homomorphisms, Magnus-Gassner cocycles and Alexander
invariants, and study relations with arithmetic in Ihara theory.


title:
Idempotents of double Burnside algebras, L-enriched bisets, and
  decomposition of p-biset functors

abstract:
  Let R be a (unital) commutative ring, and G be a finite group with order
invertible in R. We introduce new idempotents in the double Burnside algebra
RB(G,G), indexed by conjugacy classes of minimal sections of G, i.e. pairs
(T,S) of subgroups of G, where S is a normal subgroup of T contained in the
Frattini subgroup of T. These idempotents are orthogonal, and their sum is
equal to the identity. It follows that for any biset functor F over R, the
evaluation F (G) splits as a direct sum of specific R-modules indexed by
minimal sections of G, up to conjugation. The restriction of these
constructions to the biset category of p-groups, where p is a prime number
invertible in R, leads to a decomposition of the category of p-biset functors
over R as a direct product of categories F\_L indexed by atoric p-groups L up
to isomorphism. We next introduce the notions of L-enriched biset and
L-enriched biset functor for an arbitrary finite group L, and show that for an
atoric p-group L, the category F\_L is equivalent to the category of L-enriched
biset functors defined over elementary abelian p-groups. Finally, the notion of
vertex of an indecomposable p-biset functor is introduced (when p is invertible
in R), and, when R is a field of characteristic different from p, the objects
of the category F\_L are characterized in terms of vertices of their
composition factors.


title: Global stability analysis of axisymmetric boundary layers

abstract:
  This paper presents the linear global stability analysis of the
incompressible axisymmetric boundary layer on a circular cylinder. The base
flow is parallel to the axis of the cylinder at inlet. The pressure gradient is
zero in the streamwise direction. The base flow velocity profile is fully
non-parallel and non-similar in nature. The boundary layer grows continuously
in the spatial directions. Linearized Navier-Stokes(LNS) equations are derived
for the disturbance flow quantities in the cylindrical polar coordinates. The
LNS equations along with homogeneous boundary conditions forms a generalized
eigenvalues problem. Since the base flow is axisymmetric, the disturbances are
periodic in azimuthal direction. Chebyshev spectral collocation method and
Arnoldi's iterative algorithm is used for the solution of the general
eigenvalues problem. The global temporal modes are computed for the range of
Reynolds numbers and different azimuthal wave numbers. The largest imaginary
part of the computed eigenmodes are negative and hence the flow is temporally
stable. The spatial structure of the eigenmodes shows that the flow is
convectively unstable because the disturbance amplitudes grow in size and
magnitude when moving towards downstream. The global modes of axisymmetric
boundary layer are more stable than that of 2D flat plate boundary layer at low
Reynolds number. However, at high Reynolds number they approaches to 2D flat
plate boundary layer. Thus, the damping effect of transverse curvature is
significant at low Reynolds number. The wave-like nature of the disturbances is
found for most unstable eigenmodes.


title: Discovering Patterns in Time-Varying Graphs: A Triclustering Approach

abstract:
  This paper introduces a novel technique to track structures in time varying
graphs. The method uses a maximum a posteriori approach for adjusting a
three-dimensional co-clustering of the source vertices, the destination
vertices and the time, to the data under study, in a way that does not require
any hyper-parameter tuning. The three dimensions are simultaneously segmented
in order to build clusters of source vertices, destination vertices and time
segments where the edge distributions across clusters of vertices follow the
same evolution over the time segments. The main novelty of this approach lies
in that the time segments are directly inferred from the evolution of the edge
distribution between the vertices, thus not requiring the user to make any a
priori quantization. Experiments conducted on artificial data illustrate the
good behavior of the technique, and a study of a real-life data set shows the
potential of the proposed approach for exploratory data analysis.


title:
On a second order scheme for space fractional diffusion equations with
  variable coefficients

abstract:
  We study a second order scheme for spatial fractional differential equations
with variable coefficients. Previous results mainly concentrate on equations
with diffusion coefficients that are proportional to each other. In this paper,
by further study on the generating function of the discretization matrix,
second order convergence of the scheme is proved for diffusion coefficients
satisfying a certain condition but are not necessary to be proportional. The
theoretical results are justified by numerical tests.


title:
Polygonal negative hyperbolic rotopulsators of the curved $n$-body
  problem

abstract:
  For the $n$-body problem in spaces of negative constant Gaussian curvature,
we prove for a class of negative hyperbolic rotopulsators that if that class
exists, the configurations of the point masses of these rotopulsators have to
be regular polygons if the rotopulsators are not relative equilibria.
Additionally, we prove that if the rotopulsators are relative equilibria, there
exists at most one such solution.


title: Electron recombination with tungsten ions with open f-shells

abstract:
  We calculate the electron recombination rates with target ions W$^{q+}$, $q =
18$ -- $25$, as functions of electron energy and electron temperature (i.e. the
rates integrated over the Maxwellian velocity distribution). Comparison with
available experimental data for W$^{18+}$, W$^{19+}$, and W$^{20+}$ is used as
a test of our calculations. Our predictions for W$^{21+}$, W$^{22+}$,
W$^{23+}$, W$^{24+}$, and W$^{25+}$ (where the experimental data are not
available) may be used for plasma modelling in thermonuclear reactors. The
results for the temperature dependent rates for each ion are fitted with the
standard analytical expressions to make them easy to use. All of these ions
have an open electron $f$-shell and have an extremely dense spectrum of chaotic
many-electron compound resonances which enhance the recombination rates by 2-3
orders of magnitude in comparison with the direct electron recombination.
Conventional dielectronic recombination theory is not directly applicable in
this case. Instead, we developed a statistical theory based on the properties
of chaotic eigenstates. This theory describes a multi-electronic recombination
(extension of the dielectronic recombination) via many-excited-electron
compound resonances.


title:
Acceleration of Individual, Decimetre-sized Aggregates in the Lower Coma
  of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

abstract:
  We present OSIRIS/NAC observations of decimetre-sized, likely ice-containing
aggregates ejected from a confined region on the surface of comet
67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The images were obtained in January 2016 when the
comet was at 2 AU from the Sun out-bound from perihelion. We measure the
acceleration of individual aggregates through a two-hour image series.
Approximately 50% of the aggregates are accelerated away from the nucleus, and
50% towards it, and likewise towards either horizontal direction. The
accelerations are up to one order of magnitude stronger than local gravity, and
are most simply explained by the combined effect of gas drag accelerating all
aggregates upwards, and the recoil force from asymmetric outgassing, either
from rotating aggregates with randomly oriented spin axes and sufficient
thermal inertia to shift the temperature maximum away from an aggregate's
subsolar region, or from aggregates with variable ice content. At least 10% of
the aggregates will escape the gravity field of the nucleus and feed the
comet's debris trail, while others may fall back to the surface and contribute
to the deposits covering parts of the northern hemisphere. The rocket force
plays a crucial role in pushing these aggregates back towards the surface. Our
observations show the future back fall material in the process of ejection, and
provide the first direct measurement of the acceleration of aggregates in the
innermost coma (<2km) of a comet, where gas drag is still significant.


title: Relevant based structure learning for feature selection

abstract:
  Feature selection is an important task in many problems occurring in pattern
recognition, bioinformatics, machine learning and data mining applications. The
feature selection approach enables us to reduce the computation burden and the
falling accuracy effect of dealing with huge number of features in typical
learning problems. There is a variety of techniques for feature selection in
supervised learning problems based on different selection metrics. In this
paper, we propose a novel unified framework for feature selection built on the
graphical models and information theoretic tools. The proposed approach
exploits the structure learning among features to select more relevant and less
redundant features to the predictive modeling problem according to a primary
novel likelihood based criterion. In line with the selection of the optimal
subset of features through the proposed method, it provides us the Bayesian
network classifier without the additional cost of model training on the
selected subset of features. The optimal properties of our method are
established through empirical studies and computational complexity analysis.
Furthermore the proposed approach is evaluated on a bunch of benchmark datasets
based on the well-known classification algorithms. Extensive experiments
confirm the significant improvement of the proposed approach compared to the
earlier works.


title:
Order parameter fluctuation and ordering competition in
  $\mathrm{Ba_{1-x}K_xFe_2As_2}$

abstract:
  The competition among superconductivity, stripe-type magnetic order, and a
new type of $C_4$ symmetric magnetic order in $\mathrm{Ba_{1-x}K_xFe_2As_2}$ is
theoretically studied, focusing on its impact on the global phase diagram. By
carrying out a renormalization group analysis of an effective field theory, we
obtain the energy-scale dependent flows of all the model parameters, and then
apply the results to understand the observed phase diagram. On the basis of the
renormalization group analysis, we show that the critical line of nematic order
has a negative slope in the superconducting dome and superconductivity is
suppressed near the magnetic quantum critical point, which are both consistent
with recent experiments. Moreover, we find that, although the observed $C_4$
symmetric magnetic state could be a charge-spin density wave or a spin-vortex
crystal at high temperatures, charge-spin density wave is the only stable $C_4$
magnetic state in the low-temperature regime. Therefore, ordering competition
provides a method to distinguish these two candidate $C_4$ magnetic states.


title: On the greatest common divisor of the value of two polynomials

abstract:
  We show that if two monic polynomials with integer coefficients have
square-free resultant, then all positive divisors of the resultant arise as the
greatest common divisor of the values of the two polynomials at a suitable
integer.


title: $K$ dependent exchange interaction of the $1S$ ortho exciton in Cu$_2$O

abstract:
  When treating the exchange interaction of Wannier excitons, usually only the
leading terms of the analytic and the nonanalytic exchange interaction are
considered. However, higher order terms can lead to a splitting of exciton
states, for which reason a splitting of the $1S$~exciton in cuprous oxide
$\left(\mathrm{Cu_{2}O}\right)$ depending on its total momentum $\hbar K$ has
been attributed to a $K$ dependent analytic exchange interaction by Dasbach et
al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 107401 (2003)]. Going beyond the common treatment of
the exchange interaction, we derive the correct expressions for these $K$
dependent higher order terms using $\boldsymbol{k}\cdot\boldsymbol{p}$
perturbation theory. We prove that the appearance of a $K$ dependent exchange
interaction is inseparably connected with a $K$ independent exchange
interaction of $P$ and $D$ excitons. We estimate the magnitude of these terms
for $\mathrm{Cu_{2}O}$ from microscopic calculations and show that they are far
too small to explain the observed $K$ dependent splitting. Instead, this
splitting has to be treated in terms of the dispersion of the excitons.
Furthermore, we prove the occurence of a coupling between longitudinal and
transverse excitons in $\mathrm{Cu_{2}O}$ due to the $K$ dependent nonanalytic
exchange interaction.


title: Interacting Dynamics

abstract:
  The "theory of open sub-functorial dynamics" is a new theory that defines
interacting generalized dynamical systems. The interactions between these
dynamics produce new dynamics which, of course, can then enter into other
interactions. A major part of this article can already be found in two
unpublished texts and it has been partially exposed in conferences. However, we
need to give a new, unified and therefore more convenient presentation of this
material, and we also need some examples to illustrate it. Moreover, we
introduce in this article the new concepts of "normal interaction" and
"concrete interaction", and replace the previously used rigid synchronizations
by much more general flexible ones.


title:
Applications of a theorem by Ky Fan in the theory of weighted Laplacian
  graph energy

abstract:
  The energy of a graph $G$ is equal to the sum of the absolute values of the
eigenvalues of $G$ , which in turn is equal to the sum of the singular values
of the adjacency matrix of $G$. Let $X$, $Y$ and $Z$ be matrices, such that
$X+Y= Z$. The Ky Fan theorem establishes an inequality between the sum of the
singular values of $Z$ and the sum of the sum of the singular values of $X$ and
$Y$. This theorem is applied in the theory of graph energy, resulting in
several new inequalities, as well as new proofs of some earlier known
inequalities.


title: Spin measurements in strangeness production at the LHC

abstract:
  We briefly recollect the problem of significant hyperon polarization
emphasizing the role of spin in dynamics of hadron interactions. We provide
also some model predictions based on chiral dynamics and the impact parameter
picture for illustration. The old, but yet unsolved problem of hyperon
polarization, can obtain a new insight from the measurements at the LHC
energies and, in combination with other measurements, can be used for tagging
QGP formation in $pp$--collisions.


title:
Second-order temporal interference of two independent light beams at an
  asymmetrical beam splitter

abstract:
  The second-order temporal interference of classical and nonclassical light at
an asymmetrical beam splitter is discussed based on two-photon interference in
Feynman's path integral theory. The visibility of the second-order interference
pattern is determined by the properties of the superposed light beams, the
ratio between the intensities of these two light beams, and the reflectivity of
the asymmetrical beam splitter. Some requirements about the asymmetrical beam
splitter have to be satisfied in order to ensure that the visibility of the
second-order interference pattern of nonclassical light beams exceeds classical
limit. The visibility of the second-order interference pattern of photons
emitted by two independent single-photon sources is independent of the ratio
between the intensities. These conclusions are important for the researches and
applications in quantum optics and quantum information when asymmetrical beam
splitter is employed.


title:
Weak solutions to a two-phase thin film model with insoluble surfactant
  driven by capillary effects

abstract:
  Of concern is the study of a system of three equations describing the motion
of a viscous complete wetting two-phase thin film endowed with a layer of
insoluble surfactant on the surface of the upper fluid under the effects of
capillary forces. The governing equations for the film heights of the two-phase
flow are degenerate, parabolic and strongly coupled fourth-order equations,
which are additionally coupled to a second-order parabolic transport equation
for the surfactant concentration. A result on the existence of non-negative
global weak solutions is presented.


title:
Time Evolution of Entropy in a Growth model: Dependence on the
  Description

abstract:
  Entropy plays a key role in statistical physics of complex systems, which in
general exhibit diverse aspects of emergence on different scales. However, it
still remains not fully resolved how entropy varies with the coarse-graining
level and the description scale. In this paper, we consider a Yule-type growth
model, where each element is characterized by its size being either continuous
or discrete. Entropy is then defined directly from the probability distribution
of the states of all elements as well as from the size distribution of the
system. Probing in detail their relations and time evolutions, we find that
heterogeneity in addition to correlations between elements could induce loss of
information during the coarse-graining procedure. It is also revealed that the
expansion of the size space domain depends on the description level, leading to
a difference between the continuous description and the discrete one.


title: Symmetry and decay of traveling wave solutions to the Whitham equation

abstract:
  This paper is concerned with decay and symmetry properties of solitary wave
solutions to a nonlocal shallow water wave model. It is shown that all
supercritical solitary wave solutions are symmetric and monotone on either side
of the crest. The proof is based on a priori decay estimates and the method of
moving planes. Furthermore, a close relation between symmetric and traveling
wave solutions is established.


title: Teichmueller geodesics with d-dimensional limit sets

abstract:
  We construct an example of a Teichmueller geodesic ray whose limit set in
Thurston boundary of Teichmueller space is a d-dimensional simplex.


title:
Surface state tunneling signatures in two-component superconductor
  UPt$_3$

abstract:
  Quasiparticle interference (QPI) imaging of Bogoliubov excitations in
quasi-two dimensional unconventional superconductors has become a powerful
technique for measuring the superconducting gap and its symmetry. Here, we
present the extension of this method to three-dimensional superconductors and
analyze the expected QPI spectrum for the two-component heavy fermion
superconductor UPt$_3$ whose gap structure is still controversial. Starting
from a 3D electronic structure and the three proposed chiral gap models
$E_{1g,u}$ or $E_{2u}$, we perform a slab calculation that determines the 2D
continuum Bogoliubov- de Gennes (BdG) surface quasiparticle bands and in
addition the in-gap flat-band Andreev bound states that lead to surface Weyl
arcs connecting the projected gap nodes. Both features are very distinct for
the three models, in particular the most prominent $E_{2u}$ candidate is
singled out by the existence of {\it two} Weyl arcs due to the double monopole
node points. The signature of these distinct surface bound and continuum states
that is left in QPI is derived and discussed. We show that it provides a
fingerprint that may finally determine the true nodal structure of UPt$_3$
superconductor.


title:
Open charm contributions to the E1 transitions of $\psi(3686)$ and
  $\psi(3770)\to \gamma\chi_{cJ}$

abstract:
  The E1 transitions of $\psi(3686)$ and $\psi(3770)\to \gamma\chi_{cJ}$ are
investigated in a non-relativistic effective field theory (NREFT) where the
open charm effects are included systematically as the leading corrections. It
also allows a self-consistent inclusion of the $S$-$D$ mixing in the same
framework. We are able to show that the open charm contributions are essential
for understanding the significant discrepancies between the non-relativistic
leading order calculations and the experimental data.


title:
Occurrence of synchronized flow due to overtaking strategy in the
  Nagel-Schreckenberg model

abstract:
  The Nagel-Schreckenberg model with overtaking strategy (NSOS) is proposed,
and numerical simulations are performed for both closed and open boundary
conditions. The fundamental diagram, space-time diagram, and spatial-temporal
distribution of speed are investigated. In order to identify the synchronized
flow state, both the correlation functions (autocorrelation and
cross-correlation) and the one-minute average flow rate vs. density diagram are
studied. All the results verify that synchronized flow does occur in our model.


title: Learning-Based Resource Allocation Scheme for TDD-Based CRAN System

abstract:
  Explosive growth in the use of smart wireless devices has necessitated the
provision of higher data rates and always-on connectivity, which are the main
motivators for designing the fifth generation (5G) systems. To achieve higher
system efficiency, massive antenna deployment with tight coordination is one
potential strategy for designing 5G systems, but has two types of associated
system overhead. First is the synchronization overhead, which can be reduced by
implementing a cloud radio access network (CRAN)-based architecture design,
that separates the baseband processing and radio access functionality to
achieve better system synchronization. Second is the overhead for acquiring
channel state information (CSI) of the users present in the system, which,
however, increases tremendously when instantaneous CSI is used to serve
high-mobility users. To serve a large number of users, a CRAN system with a
dense deployment of remote radio heads (RRHs) is considered, such that each
user has a line-of-sight (LOS) link with the corresponding RRH. Since, the
trajectory of movement for high-mobility users is predictable; therefore,
fairly accurate position estimates for those users can be obtained, and can be
used for resource allocation to serve the considered users. The resource
allocation is dependent upon various correlated system parameters, and these
correlations can be learned using well-known \emph{machine learning}
algorithms. This paper proposes a novel \emph{learning-based resource
allocation scheme} for time division duplex (TDD) based 5G CRAN systems with
dense RRH deployment, by using only the users' position estimates for resource
allocation, thus avoiding the need for CSI acquisition. This reduces the
overall system overhead significantly, while still achieving near-optimal
system performance; thus, better (effective) system efficiency is achieved.
(See the paper for full abstract)


title:
Complementary relation of quantum coherence and quantum correlations in
  multiple measurements

abstract:
  Quantum coherence and quantum correlations lie in the center of quantum
information science, since they both are considered as fundamental reasons for
significant features of quantum mechanics different from classical mechanics.
We present a group of complementary relations for quantum coherence and quantum
correlations; specifically, we focus on thermal discord and conditional
information in scenarios of multiple measurements. We show that the summation
of quantum coherence quantified in different bases has a lower bound, resulting
from entropic uncertainty relations with multiple measurements. Similar results
are also obtained for thermal discord and for post-measurement conditional
information with multiple measurements in a multipartite system. These results
indicate the general applications of the uncertainty principle to various
concepts of quantum information.


title:
Approaching the Computational Color Constancy as a Classification
  Problem through Deep Learning

abstract:
  Computational color constancy refers to the problem of computing the
illuminant color so that the images of a scene under varying illumination can
be normalized to an image under the canonical illumination. In this paper, we
adopt a deep learning framework for the illumination estimation problem. The
proposed method works under the assumption of uniform illumination over the
scene and aims for the accurate illuminant color computation. Specifically, we
trained the convolutional neural network to solve the problem by casting the
color constancy problem as an illumination classification problem. We designed
the deep learning architecture so that the output of the network can be
directly used for computing the color of the illumination. Experimental results
show that our deep network is able to extract useful features for the
illumination estimation and our method outperforms all previous color constancy
methods on multiple test datasets.


title: Topical Generalization for Presentation of User Profiles

abstract:
  Fine-grained user profile generation approaches have made it increasingly
feasible to display on a profile page in which topics a user has expertise or
interest. Earlier work on topical user profiling has been directed at enhancing
search and personalization functionality, but making such profiles useful for
human consumption presents new challenges. With this work, we have taken a
first step toward a semantic layout mode for topical user profiles. We have
developed a topical generalization approach which finds coherent groups of
topics and adds labels to them, based on their association with broader topics
in the Wikipedia category graph. A nested layout mode, employing topical
generalization, is compared with a simpler flat layout mode in our user study.
The results indicate that users favor the nested structure over flat profiles,
but tend to overlook the specific topics on the lower level. We propose a third
layout mode to address this issue.


title:
Coexistence of OFDM and FBMC for Underlay D2D Communication in 5G
  Networks

abstract:
  Device-to-device (D2D) communication is being heralded as an important part
of the solution to the capacity problem in future networks, and is expected to
be natively supported in 5G. Given the high network complexity and required
signalling overhead associated with achieving synchronization in D2D networks,
it is necessary to study asynchronous D2D communications. In this paper, we
consider a scenario whereby asynchronous D2D communication underlays an OFDMA
macro-cell in the uplink. Motivated by the superior performance of new
waveforms with increased spectral localization in the presence of frequency and
time misalignments, we compare the system-level performance of a set-up for
when D2D pairs use either OFDM or FBMC/OQAM. We first demonstrate that
inter-D2D interference, resulting from misaligned communications, plays a
significant role in clustered D2D topologies. We then demonstrate that the
resource allocation procedure can be simplified when D2D pairs use FBMC/OQAM,
since the high spectral localization of FBMC/OQAM results in negligible
inter-D2D interference. Specifically, we identify that FBMC/OQAM is best suited
to scenarios consisting of small, densely populated D2D clusters located near
the encompassing cell's edge.


title:
Dynamical modelling of the Galactic bulge and bar: the Milky Way's bar
  pattern speed, stellar, and dark matter mass distribution

abstract:
  We construct a large set of dynamical models of the galactic bulge, bar and
inner disk using the Made-to-Measure method. Our models are constrained to
match the red clump giant density from a combination of the VVV, UKIDSS and
2MASS infrared surveys together with stellar kinematics in the bulge from the
BRAVA and OGLE surveys, and in the entire bar region from the ARGOS survey. We
are able to recover the bar pattern speed and the stellar and dark matter mass
distributions in the bar region, thus recovering the entire galactic effective
potential. We find a bar pattern speed of $39.0 \pm 3.5
\,\rm{km\,s^{-1}\,kpc^{-1}}$, placing the bar corotation radius at $6.1 \pm 0.5
\rm{kpc}$ and making the Milky Way bar a typical fast rotator. We evaluate the
stellar mass of the long bar and bulge structure to be $M_{\rm{bar/bulge}} =
1.88 \pm 0.12 \times 10^{10} \, \rm{M}_{\odot}$, larger than the mass of disk
in the bar region, $M_{\rm{inner\ disk}} = 1.29\pm0.12 \times 10^{10} \,
\rm{M}_{\odot}$. The total dynamical mass in the bulge volume is
$1.85\pm0.05\times 10^{10} \, \rm{M}_{\odot}$. Thanks to more extended
kinematic data sets and recent measurement of the bulge IMF our models have a
low dark matter fraction in the bulge of $17\%\pm2\%$. We find a dark matter
density profile which flattens to a shallow cusp or core in the bulge region.
Finally, we find dynamical evidence for an extra central mass of
$\sim0.2\times10^{10} \,\rm{M}_{\odot}$, probably in a nuclear disk or disky
pseudobulge.


title: Magnetic skyrmion-based synaptic devices

abstract:
  Magnetic skyrmions are promising candidates for next-generation information
carriers, owing to their small size, topological stability, and ultralow
depinning current density. A wide variety of skyrmionic device concepts and
prototypes have been proposed, highlighting their potential applications. Here,
we report on a bioinspired skyrmionic device with synaptic plasticity. The
synaptic weight of the proposed device can be strengthened/weakened by
positive/negative stimuli, mimicking the potentiation/depression process of a
biological synapse. Both short-term plasticity(STP) and long-term
potentiation(LTP) functionalities have been demonstrated for a spiking
time-dependent plasticity(STDP) scheme. This proposal suggests new
possibilities for synaptic devices for use in spiking neuromorphic computing
applications.


title: Spatial double choreographies of the Newtonian $2n$-body problem

abstract:
  In this paper, for the spatial Newtonian $2n$-body problem with equal masses,
by proving the minimizers of the action functional under certain symmetric,
topological and monotone constraints are collision-free, we found a family of
spatial double choreographies, which have the common feature that half of the
masses are circling around the $z$-axis clockwise along a spatial loop, while
the motions of the other half masses are given by a rotation of the first half
around the $x$-axis by $\pi$. Both loops are simple, without any
self-intersection, and symmetric with respect to the $xz$-plane and $yz$-plane.
The set of intersection points between the two loops is non-empty and contained
in the $xy$-plane. The number of such double choreographies grows exponentially
as $n$ goes to infinity.


title:
Multichannel Scattering Problem with Non-trivial Asymptotic
  Non-adiabatic Coupling

abstract:
  The multichannel scattering problem in an adiabatic representation is
considered. The non-adiabatic coupling matrix is assumed to have a non-trivial
constant asymptotic behavior at large internuclear separations. The asymptotic
solutions at large internuclear distances are constructed. It is shown that
these solutions up to the first order of perturbation theory are identical to
the asymptotic solutions of the re-projection approach, which was proposed
earlier as a remedy for the electron translation problem in the context of the
Born-Oppenheimer treatment.

categories: physics.atom-ph math-ph math.MP quant-ph


title: On the fastest finite Markov processes

abstract:
  Consider a finite irreducible Markov chain with invariant probability $\pi$.
Define its inverse communication speed as the expectation to go from x to y,
when x, y are sampled independently according to $\pi$. In the discrete time
setting and when $\pi$ is the uniform distribution $\upsilon$, Litvak and Ejov
have shown that the permutation matrices associated to Hamiltonian cycles are
the fastest Markov chains. Here we prove (A) that the above optimality is with
respect to all processes compatible with a fixed graph of permitted transitions
(assuming that it does contain a Hamiltonian cycle), not only the Markov
chains, and, (B) that this result admits a natural extension in both discrete
and continuous time when $\pi$ is close to $\upsilon$: the fastest Markov
chains/processes are those moving successively on the points of a Hamiltonian
cycle, with transition probabilities/jump rates dictated by $\pi$.
Nevertheless, the claim is no longer true when $\pi$ is significantly different
from $\upsilon$.


title:
Finite-size effects on bacterial population expansion under controlled
  fow conditions

abstract:
  The expansion of biological species in natural environments is usually
described as the combined effect of individual spatial dispersal and growth. In
the case of aquatic ecosystems flow transport can also be extremely relevant as
an extra, advection induced, dispersal factor. There is a lack of reproducible
experimental studies on biological fronts of living organisms in controlled
streaming habitats. It is thus not clear if, and to which extent, the current
theoretical and experimental knowledge on advective-reactive-diffusive fronts
for chemical reactions can also apply to the expansion of biological
populations. We designed and assembled a dedicated microfluidic device to
control and quantify the expansion of populations of $E.coli$ bacteria under
both co-flowing and counter-flowing conditions, measuring the front speed at
varying intensity of the imposed flow. At variance with respect to the case of
autocatalytic reactions, we measure that almost irrespective of the
counter-flow velocity, the front speed remains finite at a constant positive
value. A simple model incorporating growth, dispersion and drift on finite-size
hard beads allows to explain this finding as due to a finite volume effect of
the bacteria. This indicates that models based on the
Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piscounov equation (FKPP) that ignore the finite
size of organisms may be inaccurate to describe the physics of spatial growth
dynamics of bacteria.


title:
Which early works are cited most frequently in climate change research
  literature? A bibliometric approach based on Reference Publication Year
  Spectroscopy

abstract:
  This bibliometric analysis focuses on the general history of climate change
research and, more specifically, on the discovery of the greenhouse effect.
First, the Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS) is applied to a large
publication set on climate change of 222,060 papers published between 1980 and
2014. The references cited therein were extracted and analyzed with regard to
publications, which are cited most frequently. Second, a new method for
establishing a more subject-specific publication set for applying RPYS (based
on the co-citations of a marker reference) is proposed (RPYS-CO). The RPYS of
the climate change literature focuses on the history of climate change research
in total. We identified 35 highly-cited publications across all disciplines,
which include fundamental early scientific works of the 19th century (with a
weak connection to climate change) and some cornerstones of science with a
stronger connection to climate change. By using the Arrhenius (1896) paper as a
RPYS-CO marker paper, we selected only publications specifically discussing the
discovery of the greenhouse effect and the role of carbon dioxide. Also, we
focused on the time period 1800-1850 to reveal the contributions of J.B.J
Fourier in terms of cited references. Using different RPYS approaches in this
study, we were able to identify the complete range of works of the celebrated
icons as well as many less known works relevant for the history of climate
change research. The analyses confirmed the potential of the RPYS method for
historical studies: Seminal papers are detected on the basis of the references
cited by the overall community without any further assumptions.


title: Constraints on shear and rotation with massive galaxy clusters

abstract:
  A precise determination of the mass function is an important tool to verify
cosmological predictions of the $\Lambda$CDM model and to infer more precisely
the better model describing the evolution of the Universe. Galaxy clusters have
been currently used to infer cosmological parameters, in particular the matter
density parameter $\Omega_{\rm m}$, the matter power spectrum normalization
$\sigma_8$ and the equation of state parameter $w_{\rm de}$ of the dark energy
fluid. In this work, using data on massive galaxy clusters ($M>8\times
10^{14}~h^{-1}~M_{\odot}$) in the redshift range $0.05\lesssim z\lesssim 0.83$
we put constraints on the parameter $\alpha$ introduced within the formalism of
the extended spherical collapse model to quantify deviations from sphericity
due to shear and rotation. Since at the moment there is no physical model
describing its functional shape, we assume it to be a logarithmic function of
the cluster mass. By holding $\sigma_8$ fixed and restricting our analysis to a
$\Lambda$CDM model, we find, at $1-\sigma$ confidence level, $\Omega_{\rm
m}=0.284\pm0.0064$, $h=0.678\pm0.017$ and $\beta=0.0019^{+0.0008}_{-0.0015}$,
where $\beta$ represents the slope of the parameter $\alpha$. This results
translates into a $9\%$ decrement of the number of massive clusters with
respect to a standard $\Lambda$CDM mass function, but better data are required
to better constrain this quantity, since at the $2-\sigma$ and $3-\sigma$
confidence level we are only able to infer upper limits.


title:
The first self-consistent calculation of quadrupole moments of odd
  semi-magic nuclei accounting for phonon induced corrections

abstract:
  The self-consistent model, developed previously to describe phonon coupling
(PC) effects in magnetic moments of odd magic and semi-magic nuclei, is
extended to quadrupole moments. It is based on the theory of finite Fermi
systems with the use of the perturbation theory in $g_L^2$, where $g_L$ is the
vertex creating the $L$-phonon. Accounting for the phonon tadpole diagrams is
an important ingredient of this model. The calculation scheme is based on the
Fayans energy density functional DF3-a and does not contain any adjusted
parameters. The odd In and Sb isotopes are considered, which are the proton-odd
neighbors of even tin nuclei. The $2^+_1$ phonon is taken into account which
quadrupole moment is one ingredient of the calculation scheme. The
corresponding values were found by us previously. Two main PC corrections, due
to the phonon $Z$-factor and due to the phonon-induced interaction, have
opposite signs and cancel strongly each other, leaving room for other `small'
corrections, so that the resulting PC correction is much lower than the
absolute values of each of two main ones. However, it remains noticeable,
making the overall agreement with the data significantly better.


title: Continuous Transitions Between Quantum and Classical Motions

abstract:
  Using a nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation for the wave function of all
systems, continuous transitions between quantum and classical motions are
demonstrated for (i) the double-slit set up, (ii) the 2D harmonic oscillator
and (iii) the hydrogen-like atom, all of which are of empirical interest.


title:
(Co)associative $3$-ary (co)algebras and infinitesimal bialgebras:
  construction and main properties

abstract:
  The (co)associative, partially (co)associative and totally (co)associative
$3$-ary (co) algebras and infinitesimal bialgebras are constructed and
discussed. Their trimodules and matched pairs are defined and completely
characterized. The main structural properties and relations are also deduced
and analyzed.


title: Physical Layer Security in MIMO Backscatter Wireless Systems

abstract:
  Backscatter wireless communication is an emerging technique widely used in
low-cost and low-power wireless systems, especially in passive radio frequency
identification (RFID) systems. Recently, the requirement of high data rates,
data reliability, and security drives the development of RFID systems, which
motivates our investigation on the physical layer security of a multiple-input
multiple-output (MIMO) RFID system. In this paper, we propose a noise-injection
precoding strategy to safeguard the system security with the
resource-constrained nature of the backscatter system taken into consideration.
We first consider a multi-antenna RFID tag case and investigate the secrecy
rate maximization (SRM) problem by jointly optimizing the energy supply power
and the precoding matrix of the injected artificial noise at the RFID reader.
We exploit the alternating optimization method and the sequential parametric
convex approximation method, respectively, to tackle the non-convex SRM problem
and show an interesting fact that the two methods are actually equivalent for
our SRM problem with the convergence of a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) point. To
facilitate the practical implementation for resource-constrained RFID devices,
we propose a fast algorithm based on projected gradient. We also consider a
single-antenna RFID tag case and develop a low-complexity algorithm which
yields the global optimal solution. Simulation results show the superiority of
our proposed algorithms in terms of the secrecy rate and computational
complexity.


title: Two-mode Gaussian product states in a Lossy Interferometer

abstract:
  The quantum Fisher information for a two-mode, Gaussian product state in an
interferometer subject to photon loss is studied. We obtain the quantum
Cramer-Rao bound on the achievable precision in phase estimation using such
states. The scaling of the measurement precision with the mean photon number
for such input product states is compared to the limited scaling for dual
squeezed vacuum states and for dual squeezed, displaced vacuum states.


title:
Purification and characterization of a novel archaeo-eukaryotic primase
  from Mimivirus

abstract:
  DNA replication is a process which is common to all domains of life yet
different replication mechanisms are seen among different organisms. The
mechanism of replication on such a structure is not yet understood. With this
bigger picture in mind, we have initiated the characterization involved in DNA
replication.


title: Homogeneous Hermitian manifolds and special metrics

abstract:
  We consider non-Kaehler compact complex manifolds which are homogeneous under
the action of a compact Lie group of biholomorphisms and we investigate the
existence of special (invariant) Hermitian metrics on these spaces. We focus on
a particular class of such manifolds comprising the case of Calabi-Eckmann
manifolds and we prove the existence of an invariant Hermitian metric which is
Chern-Einstein, namely whose second Ricci tensor of the associated Chern
connection is a positive multiple of the metric itself. The uniqueness is also
discussed.


title: Vacancy-mediated fcc/bcc phase separation in Fe1-xNix ultrathin films

abstract:
  The phase separation occurring in Fe-Ni thin films near the Invar composition
is studied by using high-resolution spectromicroscopy techniques and density
functional theory calculations. Annealed at temperatures around 300 C,
Fe0.70Ni0.30 films on W(110) break into micron-sized bcc and fcc domains with
compositions in agreement with the bulk Fe-Ni phase diagram. Ni is found to be
the diffusing species in forming the chemical heterogeneity. The experimentally
determined energy barrier of 1.59 +- 0.09 eV is identified as the vacancy
formation energy via density functional theory calculations. Thus, the
principal role of the surface in the phase separation process is attributed to
vacancy creation without interstitials.


title: Full-counting statistics of time-dependent conductors

abstract:
  We develop a scheme for the computation of the full-counting statistics of
transport described by Markovian master equations with an arbitrary time
dependence. It is based on a hierarchy of generalized density operators, where
the trace of each operator yields one cumulant. This direct relation offers a
better numerical efficiency than the equivalent number-resolved master
equation. The proposed method is particularly useful for conductors with an
elaborate time-dependence stemming, e.g., from pulses or combinations of slow
and fast parameter switching. As a test bench for the evaluation of the
numerical stability, we consider time-independent problems for which the
full-counting statistics can be computed by other means. As applications, we
study cumulants of higher order for two time-dependent transport problems of
recent interest, namely steady-state coherent transfer by adiabatic passage and
Landau-Zener-St\"uckelberg-Majorana interference in an open double quantum dot.


title: Towards a Hartle-Hawking state for loop quantum gravity

abstract:
  The Hartle-Hawking state is a proposal for a preferred initial state for
quantum gravity, based on a path integral over all compact Euclidean
four-geometries which have a given three-geometry as a boundary. The wave
function constructed this way satisfies the (Lorentzian) Hamiltonian constraint
of general relativity in ADM variables in a formal sense. In this article we
mimic this procedure of constructing an initial state in terms of
Ashtekar-Barbero variables, and observe that the wave function thus constructed
does not satisfy the Lorentzian Hamiltonian constraint even in a formal sense.
We also investigate this issue for the relativistic particle. We finally
suggest a modification of the proposal that does satisfy the constraint at
least in a formal sense and start to consider its implications in quantum
cosmology. We find that for certain variables, and in the saddle point
approximation, the state is very similar to the Ashtekar-Lewandowski state of
loop quantum gravity.


title:
Telescopic projective integration for kinetic equations with multiple
  relaxation times

abstract:
  We study a general, high-order, fully explicit numerical method for
simulating kinetic equations with a BGK-type collision model with multiple
relaxation times. In that case, the problem is stiff and its spectrum consists
of multiple separated eigenvalue clusters. Projective integration methods are
explicit integration schemes that first take a few small (inner) steps with a
simple, explicit method, after which the solution is extrapolated forward in
time over a large (outer) time step. These are very efficient schemes, provided
there are only two clusters of eigenvalues. Telescopic projective integration
methods generalize the idea of projective integration methods by constructing a
hierarchy of projective levels. Here, we show how telescopic projective
integration methods can be used to efficiently integrate kinetic equations with
multiple relaxation times. We show that the required number of projective
levels depends on the number of clusters, which in turn depends on the
stiffness of the BGK source term. The size of the outer level time step only
depends on the slowest time scale present in the model and is independent of
the stiffness of the problem. We discuss stability and illustrate the approach
with simulations in one and two spatial dimensions.


title: Linking Image and Text with 2-Way Nets

abstract:
  Linking two data sources is a basic building block in numerous computer
vision problems. Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) achieves this by
utilizing a linear optimizer in order to maximize the correlation between the
two views. Recent work makes use of non-linear models, including deep learning
techniques, that optimize the CCA loss in some feature space. In this paper, we
introduce a novel, bi-directional neural network architecture for the task of
matching vectors from two data sources. Our approach employs two tied neural
network channels that project the two views into a common, maximally correlated
space using the Euclidean loss. We show a direct link between the
correlation-based loss and Euclidean loss, enabling the use of Euclidean loss
for correlation maximization. To overcome common Euclidean regression
optimization problems, we modify well-known techniques to our problem,
including batch normalization and dropout. We show state of the art results on
a number of computer vision matching tasks including MNIST image matching and
sentence-image matching on the Flickr8k, Flickr30k and COCO datasets.


title: Sub-0.1" optical imaging of the Z CMa jets with SPHERE/ZIMPOL

abstract:
  Crucial information on the mass accretion-ejection in young stars can be
obtained from high spatial resolution images of jets in sources with recurrent
accretion outbursts. Using the SPHERE/ZIMPOL instrument, we observed the young
binary Z CMa that is composed of a Herbig Be star and a FUor object, both
driving a jet. We analyse the structure of the two jets in relation with
previous accretion events observed in this target. We obtained optical images
in the Halpha and OI 6300A lines at the unprecedented angular resolution of
~0.03 arcsec, on which we have performed both continuum subtraction and
deconvolution, thereby deriving results that are consistent with each other.
Our images reveal extended emission from both sources: a fairly compact and
poorly collimated emission SW of the Herbig component and an extended
collimated and precessing jet from the FUor component. The compact emission
from the Herbig star is compatible with a wide-angle wind and is possibly
connected to the recent outburst events shown by this component. The FUor jet
is traced down to 70 mas (80 AU) from the source and is highly collimated with
a width of 26-48 AU at distances 100-200 AU, which is similar to the width of
jets from T Tauri stars. This strongly suggests that the same
magneto-centrifugal jet-launching mechanism also operates in FUors. The
observed jet wiggle can be modelled as originating from an orbital motion with
a period of 4.2 yr around an unseen companion with mass between 0.48 and 1
Msun. The jet mass loss rate Mloss was derived from the OI luminosity and is in
the range 1E-8 and 1E-6 Msun/yr. This is the first direct Mloss measurement
from a jet in a FUor. If we assume previous Macc estimates obtained through
modelling of the accretion disk, the derived range of Mloss would imply a very
low mass-ejection efficiency (Mloss/Macc < 0.02), which is lower than that
typical of T Tauri stars.


title: The cancellation mechanism in the predictions of electric dipole moments

abstract:
  The interpretation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe necessitates the
CP violation beyond the Standard Model (SM). We present a general cancellation
mechanism in the theoretical predictions of the electron electric dipole
moments (EDM), quark chromo-EDMs, and Weinberg operators. A relative large CP
violation in the Higgs sector is allowed by the current electron EDM constraint
released by the ACME collaboration in 2013, and the recent $^{199}$Hg EDM
experiment. The cancellation mechanism can be induced by the mass splitting of
heavy Higgs bosons around $\sim\mathcal{O}(0.1-1)$ GeV, and the extent of the
mass degeneracy determines the magnitude of the CP-violating phase. We
explicate this point by investigating the CP-violating two-Higgs-doublet model
and the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model. The cancellation mechanism is
general when there are CP violation and mixing in the Higgs sector of new
physics models. The CP-violating phases in this scenario can be excluded or
detected by the projected $^{225}$Ra EDM experiments with precision reaching
$\sim10^{-28}\,e\cdot{\rm cm}$, as well as the future colliders.


title: 5D Lovelock gravity: new exact solutions with torsion

abstract:
  We investigate Lovelock gravity in five dimensions in first order formalism.
We construct a new class of solutions: BTZ black ring with(out) torsion. We
show that our solution with torsion exists in the different sector of the
Lovelock gravity compared to Lovelock Chern-Simons and the sector investigated
by Canfora et al. We compute conserved charges of the solutions by using
Nester's formula, and confirm the results by canonical method. We show that the
theory linearized around the background with torsion possesses additional
degrees of freedom compared to general relativity.


title: Information geometry of sandwiched R\'enyi $\alpha$-divergence

abstract:
  Information geometrical structure $(g^{(D_\alpha)},
\nabla^{(D_\alpha)},\nabla^{(D_\alpha)*})$ induced from the sandwiched R\'enyi
$\alpha$-divergence $D_\alpha(\rho\|\sigma):=\frac{1}{\alpha
(\alpha-1)}\log\,{\rm Tr}
\left(\sigma^{\frac{1-\alpha}{2\alpha}}\rho\,\sigma^{\frac{1-\alpha}{2\alpha}}\right)^{\alpha}$
on a finite quantum state space $\mathcal{S}$ is studied. It is shown that the
Riemannian metric $g^{(D_\alpha)}$ is monotone if and only if
$\alpha\in(-\infty, -1]\cup [\frac{1}{2},\infty)$, and that the quantum
statistical manifold $({\mathcal{S}}, g^{(D_\alpha)},
\nabla^{(D_\alpha)},\nabla^{(D_\alpha)*})$ is dually flat if and only if
$\alpha=1$.


title: Solid-on-solid single block dynamics under mechanical vibration

abstract:
  The suppression of friction between sliding objects, modulated or enhanced by
mechanical vibrations, is well established. However, the precise conditions of
occurrence of these phenomena is not well understood. Here we address these
questions focusing on a simple spring--block model, which is relevant to
investigate friction both at the atomistic as well as the macroscopic scale.
This allows to investigate the influence on friction of the properties of the
external drive, of the geometry of the surfaces over which the block moves, and
of the confining force. Via numerical simulations and a theoretical study of
the equations of motion we identify the conditions under which friction is
suppressed and/or recovered, and evidence the critical role played by surface
modulations and by the properties of the confining force.


title: Cells with many facets in a Poisson hyperplane tessellation

abstract:
  Let $Z$ be the typical cell of a stationary Poisson hyperplane tessellation
in $\mathbb{R}^d$. The distribution of the number of facets $f(Z)$ of the
typical cell is investigated. It is shown, that under a well-spread condition
on the directional distribution, the quantity
$n^{\frac{2}{d-1}}\sqrt[n]{\mathbb{P}(f(Z)=n)}$ is bounded from above and from
below. When $f(Z)$ is large, the isoperimetric ratio of $Z$ is bounded away
from zero with high probability.
  These results rely on one hand on the Complementary Theorem which provides a
precise decomposition of the distribution of $Z$ and on the other hand on
several geometric estimates related to the approximation of polytopes by
polytopes with fewer facets.
  From the asymptotics of the distribution of $f(Z)$, tail estimates for the
so-called $\Phi$ content of $Z$ are derived as well as results on the
conditional distribution of $Z$ when its $\Phi$ content is large.


title:
A high-fidelity photon gun: intensity-squeezed light from a single
  molecule

abstract:
  A two-level atom cannot emit more than one photon at a time. As early as the
1980s, this quantum feature was identified as a gateway to "single-photon
sources", where a regular excitation sequence would create a stream of light
particles with photon number fluctuations below the shot noise. Such an
intensity squeezed beam of light would be desirable for a range of applications
such as quantum imaging, sensing, enhanced precision measurements and
information processing. However, experimental realizations of these sources
have been hindered by large losses caused by low photon collection efficiencies
and photophysical shortcomings. By using a planar metallo-dielectric antenna
applied to an organic molecule, we demonstrate the most regular stream of
single photons reported to date. Measured intensity fluctuations reveal 2.2 dB
squeezing limited by our detection efficiency, equivalent to 6.2 dB intensity
squeezing right after the antenna.


title:
Secure Parallel Processing of Big Data Using Order-Preserving Encryption
  on Google BigQuery

abstract:
  With the increase of centralization of resources in IT-infrastructure and the
growing amount of cloud services, database management systems (DBMS) will be
more and more outsourced to Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) providers. The
outsourcing of entire databases, or the computation power for processing Big
Data to an external provider also means that the provider has full access to
the information contained in the database. In this article we propose a
feasible solution with Order-Preserving Encryption (OPE) and further, state of
the art, encryption methods to sort and process Big Data on external resources
without exposing the unencrypted data to the IaaS provider. We also introduce a
proof-of-concept client for Google BigQuery as example IaaS Provider.


title: A massive momentum-subtraction scheme

abstract:
  We introduce a new massive renormalization scheme, denoted mSMOM, as a
modification of the existing RI/SMOM scheme. We use SMOM for defining
renormalized fermion bilinears in QCD at non-vanishing fermion mass. This
scheme has properties similar to those of the SMOM scheme, such as the use of
non-exceptional symmetric momenta, while in contrast to SMOM, it defines the
renormalized fields away from the chiral limit. Here we discuss some of the
properties of mSMOM, and present non-perturbative arguments for deriving some
renormalization constants. The results of a 1-loop calculation in dimensional
regularization are briefly summarised to illustrate some properties of the
scheme.


title:
Data processing for qubit state tomography: An information geometric
  approach

abstract:
  A statistically feasible data post-processing method for the conventional
qubit state tomography is studied from an information geometrical point of
view. It is shown that the space $(-1,1)^3$ of the Stokes parameters $(\xi_1,
\xi_2,\xi_3)$ that specify qubit states should be regarded as a Riemannian
manifold endowed with a metric $g_{ij}:=\delta_{ij}/(1-(\xi_i)^2)$, and that
the data processing based on the maximum likelihood method is realized by the
orthogonal projection from the empirical distribution onto the Bloch sphere
with respect to the metric $g_{ij}$. An efficient algorithm for computing the
maximum likelihood estimate is also proposed.