title:
On one class of functions with complicated local structure that the
  solutions of infinite systems of functional equations (On one application of
  infinite systems of functional equations in the functions theory)

abstract:
  The article is devoted to investigation of applications of infinite systems
of functional equations for modeling of functions with complicated local
structure, that are defined in terms of the nega-$\tilde Q$-representation. The
infinite system of functional equations $$ f\left(\hat
\varphi^k(x)\right)=\tilde \beta_{i_{k+1},k+1}+\tilde
p_{i_{k+1},k+1}f\left(\hat \varphi^{k+1}(x)\right), $$ where $k=0,1,...$, $\hat
\varphi$ is a shift operator of the $\tilde Q$-expansion, $x=\Delta^{-\tilde Q}
_{i_1(x)i_2(x)...i_n(x)...}$, are investigated. It is proved, that the system
has the unique solution in the class of determined and bounded on $[0;1]$
functions and continuity of the solution. His analytical presentation is
founded. Conditions of its monotonicity and nonmonotonicity, differential,
integral properties are studied. Conditions under which the solution of the
functional equations system is a distribution function of random variable
$\eta=\Delta^{\tilde Q} _{\xi_1\xi_2...\xi_n...}$ with independent $\tilde
Q$-symbols are discovered.
  The results of the article was represented in Fourth all-Ukrainian Scientific
Conference of Young Scientists on Mathematics and Physics, Kyiv, April 23-25,
2015 (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301765100).
  The investigation was represented at the seminar on fractal analysis of
Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine on,
October 30, 2014
(http://www.imath.kiev.ua/events/index.php?seminarId=21&archiv=1).


title: Resolvent representations for functions of sectorial operators

abstract:
  We obtain integral representations for the resolvent of $\psi(A)$, where
$\psi$ is a holomorphic function mapping the right half-plane and the right
half-axis into themselves, and $A$ is a sectorial operator on a Banach space.
As a corollary, for a wide class of functions $\psi$, we show that the operator
$-\psi(A)$ generates a sectorially bounded holomorphic $C_0$-semigroup on a
Banach space whenever $-A$ does, and the sectorial angle of $A$ is preserved.
When $\psi$ is a Bernstein function, this was recently proved by Gomilko and
Tomilov, but the proof here is more direct. Moreover, we prove that such a
permanence property for $A$ can be described, at least on Hilbert spaces, in
terms of the existence of a bounded $H^{\infty}$-calculus for $A$. As
byproducts of our approach, we also obtain new results on functions mapping
generators of bounded semigroups into generators of holomorphic semigroups and
on subordination for Ritt operators.


title: Riesz bases, Meyer's quasicrystals, and bounded remainder sets

abstract:
  We consider systems of exponentials with frequencies belonging to simple
quasicrystals in $\mathbb{R}^d$. We ask if there exist domains $S$ in
$\mathbb{R}^d$ which admit such a system as a Riesz basis for the space
$L^2(S)$. We prove that the answer depends on an arithmetical condition on the
quasicrystal. The proof is based on the connection of the problem to the
discrepancy of multi-dimensional irrational rotations, and specifically, to the
theory of bounded remainder sets. In particular it is shown that any bounded
remainder set admits a Riesz basis of exponentials. This extends to several
dimensions (and to the non-periodic setting) the results obtained earlier in
dimension one.


title: Tests of Lorentz and CPT symmetry with hadrons and nuclei

abstract:
  We explore the breaking of Lorentz and CPT invariance in strong interactions
at low energy in the framework of chiral perturbation theory. Starting from the
set of Lorentz-violating operators of mass-dimension five with quark and gluon
fields, we construct the effective chiral Lagrangian with hadronic and
electromagnetic interactions induced by these operators. We develop the
power-counting scheme and discuss loop diagrams and the one-pion-exchange
nucleon-nucleon potential. The effective chiral Lagrangian is the basis for
calculations of low-energy observables with hadronic degrees of freedom. As
examples, we consider clock-comparison experiments with nuclei and
spin-precession experiments with nucleons in storage rings. We derive strict
limits on the dimension-five tensors that quantify Lorentz and CPT violation.


title:
$\pi$ Spin Berry Phase in a Quantum-Spin-Hall-Insulator-Based
  Interferometer: Evidence for the Helical Spin Texture of the Edge States

abstract:
  Quantum spin Hall insulator is characterized by the helical edge states, with
the spin polarization of electron being locked to its direction of motion.
Although the edge-state conduction has been observed, unambiguous evidence of
the helical spin texture is still lacking. Here, we investigate the coherent
edge-state transport in an interference loop pinched by two point contacts. Due
to the helical character, the forward inter-edge scattering enforces a $\pi$
spin rotation. Two successive processes can only produce a nontrivial $2\pi$ or
trivial $0$ spin rotation, which can be controlled by the Rashba spin-orbit
coupling. The nontrivial spin rotation results in a geometric $\pi$ Berry
phase, which can be detected by a $\pi$ phase shift of the conductance
oscillation relative to the trivial case. Our results provide a smoking gun
evidence for the helical spin texture of the edge states. Moreover, it also
provides the opportunity to all-electrically explore the trajectory-dependent
spin Berry phase in condensed matter.


title: The Berenstein-Zelevinsky quantum cluster algebra conjecture

abstract:
  We prove the Berenstein-Zelevinsky conjecture that the quantized coordinate
rings of the double Bruhat cells of all finite dimensional simple algebraic
groups admit quantum cluster algebra structures with initial seeds as specified
by [4]. We furthermore prove that the corresponding upper quantum cluster
algebras coincide with the constructed quantum cluster algebras and exhibit a
large number of explicit quantum seeds. Along the way a detailed study of the
properties of quantum double Bruhat cells from the viewpoint of noncommutative
UFDs is carried out and a quantum analog of the Fomin-Zelevinsky twist map is
constructed and investigated for all double Bruhat cells. The results are valid
over base fields of arbitrary characteristic and the deformation parameter is
only assumed to be a non-root of unity.


title: Scaling limits for infinite-server systems in a random environment

abstract:
  This paper studies the effect of an overdispersed arrival process on the
performance of an infinite-server system. In our setup, a random environment is
modeled by drawing an arrival rate $\Lambda$ from a given distribution every
$\Delta$ time units, yielding an i.i.d. sequence of arrival rates
$\Lambda_1,\Lambda_2, \ldots$. Applying a martingale central limit theorem, we
obtain a functional central limit theorem for the scaled queue length process.
We proceed to large deviations and derive the logarithmic asymptotics of the
queue length's tail probabilities. As it turns out, in a rapidly changing
environment (i.e., $\Delta$ is small relative to $\Lambda$) the overdispersion
of the arrival process hardly affects system behavior, whereas in a slowly
changing random environment it is fundamentally different; this general finding
applies to both the central limit and the large deviations regime. We extend
our results to the setting where each arrival creates a job in multiple
infinite-server queues.


title:
Ab initio calculation of Hubbard parameters for Rydberg-dressed atoms in
  an one-dimensional optical lattice

abstract:
  We obtain ab initio the Hubbard parameters for Rydberg-dressed atoms in an
one-dimensional sinusoidal optical lattice in the basis of maximally localized
wannier states. Finite range, soft-core inter-atomic interactions become the
trait of Rydberg admixed atoms, which can be extended over many neighbouring
lattice sites. On contrary to dipolar gases, where the interactions follow an
inverse cubic law, the key feature of Rydberg-dressed interactions being the
possibility of making neighbouring couplings to the same magnitude as that of
the onsite ones. The maximally localized Wannier functions are typically
calculated via spread minimization procedure [Phys. Rev. B 56, 12847 (1997)]
and always found to be real functions apart from a trivial global phase when
considering an isolated set of Bloch bands. For an isolated single Bloch band,
the above procedure reduces to a simple quasi-momentum dependent unitary phase
transformation. Here, in stead of minimizing the spread, we employ a diagonal
phase transformation which eliminates the imaginary part of the Wannier
functions. The resulting Wannier states are found to be maximally localized and
in exact agreement with those obtained via spread minimization procedure. Using
that we calculate the Hubbard couplings from the Rydberg-admixed interactions,
including dominant density assisted tunnelling coefficients. In the end we
provide realistic lattice parameters for the state of the art experimental
Rydberg dressed Rubidium setup.


title: gSeaGen: a GENIE-based code for neutrino telescopes

abstract:
  The gSeaGen code is a GENIE based application to generate neutrino-induced
events in an underwater neutrino detector. The gSeaGen code is able to generate
events induced by all neutrino flavours, taking into account topological
differences between track-type and shower-like events. The neutrino interaction
is simulated taking into account the density and the composition of the media
surrounding the detector. The main features of gSeaGen will be presented
together with some examples of its application within ANTARES and KM3NeT.


title: Tau-decay hadronic spectral functions: probing quark-hadron duality

abstract:
  The vector and axial-vector ALEPH hadronic spectral functions from
$\tau$-decay are used to probe potential quark-hadron duality violations (DV).
This is done in the framework of finite energy QCD sum rules (FESR). A pinched
integration kernel is introduced in the FESR in order to (a) quench potential
duality violations on the real axis in the complex squared energy $s$-plane,
and (b) effectively extend the analysis well beyond the kinematical
$\tau$-decay end-point where there is no longer data, i.e.\ in the range $s = 3
- 10 \,{\mbox{GeV}}^2$. In the vector channel this procedure is supplemented
with actual data from $e^+ e^-$-annihilation into hadrons, above the tau-decay
kinematical end-point, with results fully supporting this extension. Very good
agreement is obtained between data and two specific pinched FESR. Results from
this analysis are confronted with those from a specific model of DV. As the sum
rules are well satisfied in both cases within experimental errors, we conclude
that possible DV must be buried under the experimental uncertainties. In other
words, there seems to be no need for explicit models of DV in this case.
Pinched kernels work as well, but with far less free parameters.


title: GRAD: On Graph Database Modeling

abstract:
  Graph databases have emerged as the fundamental technology underpinning
trendy application domains where traditional databases are not well-equipped to
handle complex graph data. However, current graph databases support basic graph
structures and integrity constraints with no standard algebra. In this paper,
we introduce GRAD, a native and generic graph database model. GRAD goes beyond
traditional graph database models, which support simple graph structures and
constraints. Instead, GRAD presents a complete graph database model supporting
advanced graph structures, a set of well-defined constraints over these
structures and a powerful graph analysis-oriented algebra.


title:
Moment of inertia -- compactness universal relations in scalar-tensor
  theories and $\mathcal{R}^2$ gravity

abstract:
  We are investigating universal relations between different normalisations of
the moment of inertia and the compactness of neutron and strange stars. Slowly
rotating as well as rapidly rotating models are studied in General Relativity,
$\mathcal{R}^2$ gravity and scalar--tensor theories of gravity. Moment of
inertia -- compactness relations are examined for different normalisations of
the moment of inertia. It is shown that for all studied cases the deviations
from EOS universality are small for the examined equations of state. It turns
out that in some of the cases the examined relations are also theory
independent to a good extent. Universality in relations between the maximum
mass and the moment of inertia for some unstable models is also investigated.


title:
X-rays associated with the jet-cloud interacting radio galaxy 3C 277.3
  (Coma A): implications for energy deposition

abstract:
  We report the discovery with Chandra of X-ray-emitting gas associated with
the jet-cloud interaction in the radio galaxy 3C 277.3 (Coma A), a source that
falls in the most important power range for radio-mode feedback in the
Universe. This hot gas, heated by the jet, dominates the mass of the cloud
which is responsible for an extreme projected deflection of the kpc-scale radio
jet. Highly absorbed X-ray emission from the nucleus of 3C 277.3 confirms that
the jet lies close to the plane of the sky and so has a large intrinsic
deflection. We detect group gas on the scale of the radio lobes, and see X-ray
cavities coincident with the brightest radio emission, with the lobes embraced
by X-ray enhancements that we argue are the result of shocks. The
anti-correlation between the locations of X-ray arms and H$\alpha$-emitting
filaments that are believed to have originated from a merger with one or more
gas-rich galaxies suggests that shocks advancing around the lobe are inhibited
by the dense colder material. Synchrotron X-ray emission is detected from the
upstream edge of a second bright radio knot. X-rays are also detected from the
location where an undetected counterjet enters the northern radio hotspot. We
suggest that these X-rays are synchrotron radiation from a shock in a
small-scale substructure.


title:
The GTC exoplanet transit spectroscopy survey. IV.: No asymmetries in
  the transit of Corot-29b

abstract:
  Context. The launch of the exoplanet space missions obtaining exquisite
photometry from space has resulted in the discovery of thousands of planetary
systems with very different physical properties and architectures. Among them,
the exoplanet CoRoT-29b was identified in the light curves the mission obtained
in summer 2011, and presented an asymmetric transit light curve, which was
tentatively explained via the effects of gravity darkening. Aims. Transits of
CoRoT-29b are measured with precision photometry, to characterize the reported
asymmetry in their transit shape. Methods. Using the OSIRIS spectrograph at the
10-m GTC telescope, we perform spectro-photometric differential observations,
which allow us to both calculate a high-accuracy photometric light curve, and a
study of the color-dependence of the transit. Results. After careful data
analysis, we find that the previously reported asymmetry is not present in
either of two transits, observed in July 2014 and July 2015 with high
photometric precisions of 300ppm over 5 minutes. Due to the relative faintness
of the star, we do not reach the precision necessary to perform transmission
spectroscopy of its atmosphere, but we see no signs of color-dependency of the
transit depth or duration. Conclusions. We conclude that the previously
reported asymmetry may have been a time-dependent phenomenon, which did not
occur in more recent epochs. Alternatively, instrumental effects in the
discovery data may need to be reconsidered.


title: Numerical Modelling of Disordered Magnetic Systems: La2-xSrxCoO4

abstract:
  Magnetic properties of La2-xSrxCoO4 have been modelled using McPhase for
different doping levels x. Footprints of different interactions, such as local
single ion anisotropy and variations in the exchange interactions have been
identified in the profile of the diffuse elastic neutron scattering cross
section. The role of quantum fluctuations in the formation of the hourglass
spectrum is discussed.


title:
A Bayesian view of Single-Qubit Clocks, and an Energy versus Accuracy
  tradeoff

abstract:
  We bring a Bayesian approach to the analysis of clocks. Using exponential
distributions as priors for clocks, we analyze how well one can keep time with
a single qubit freely precessing under a magnetic field. We find that, at least
with a single qubit, quantum mechanics does not allow exact timekeeping, in
contrast to classical mechanics which does. We find the design of the
single-qubit clock that leads to maximum accuracy. Further, we find an energy
versus accuracy tradeoff --- the energy cost is at least $k_BT$ times the
improvement in accuracy as measured by the entropy reduction in going from the
prior distribution to the posterior distribution. We propose a physical
realization of the single qubit clock using charge transport across a
capacitively-coupled quantum dot.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.mes-hall cs.IT math.IT physics.ins-det quant-ph


title: Optimality of spatially inhomogeneous search strategies

abstract:
  We consider random search processes alternating stochastically between
diffusion and ballistic motion, in which the distribution function of ballistic
motion directions varies from point to point in space. The specific space
dependence of the directional distribution together with the switching rates
between the two modes of motion establishes a spatially inhomogeneous search
strategy. We show that the mean first passage times for several standard search
problems - narrow escape, reaction partner finding, reaction-escape - can be
minimized with a directional distribution that is reminiscent of the spatial
organization of the cytoskeleton filaments of cells with a centrosome: radial
ballistic transport from center to periphery and back, and ballistic transport
in random directions within a concentric shell of thickness $\Delta_{\rm opt}$
along the domain boundary. The results suggest that living cells realize
efficient search strategies for various intracellular transport problems
economically through a spatial cytoskeleton organization that involves radial
microtubules in the central region and only a narrow actin cortex rather than a
cell body filled with randomly oriented actin filaments.


title: Universal Zero-One $k$--Law

abstract:
  In this paper the limit probabilities of first-order properties are studied.
The random graph $G(n,p)$ {\it obeys Zero-One $k$-Law} if for each first-order
property with quantifier depth not greater than $k$ its probability tends to 0
or tends to 1. We found an explicit interval to the left of any rational point
on which the Zero-One $k$-Law holds. We also proved, that if $t/s$ is a
rational number with numerator not greater than 2, then logarithm of our
interval's length has the same asymptotics up to a constant factor (when
$n\rightarrow\infty$) as logarithm of the biggest interval with right end at
$(t/s)$ on which Zero-One $k$-Law holds.


title: Confocal Annular Josephson Tunnel Junctions

abstract:
  The physics of Josephson tunnel junctions drastically depends on their
geometrical configurations and here we show that also tiny geometrical details
play a determinant role. More specifically, we develop the theory of short and
long confocal annular Josephson tunnel junctions in the presence of an in-plane
magnetic field of arbitrary orientations. The behavior of a circular annular
Josephson tunnel junction is then seen to be simply a special case of the above
result. For junctions having a normalized perimeter less than one the threshold
curves are derived and computed even in the case with trapped Josephson
vortices. For longer junctions a numerical analysis is carried out after the
derivation of the appropriate motion equation for the Josephson phase. We found
that the system is modeled by a modified and perturbed sine-Gordon equation
with a space dependent effective Josephson penetration length inversely
proportional to the local junction width. Both the fluxon statics and dynamics
are deeply affected by the non-uniform annulus width. Static zero-field
multiple-fluxon solutions exist even in presence of a large bias current. The
tangential velocity of a traveling fluxon is not determined by the balance
between the driving and drag forces due to the dissipative losses. Furthermore,
the fluxon motion is characterized by a strong radial inward acceleration which
causes electromagnetic radiation concentrated at the ellipse equatorial points.


title: The additive structure of elliptic homogenization

abstract:
  One of the principal difficulties in stochastic homogenization is
transferring quantitative ergodic information from the coefficients to the
solutions, since the latter are nonlocal functions of the former. In this
paper, we address this problem in a new way, in the context of linear elliptic
equations in divergence form, by showing that certain quantities associated to
the energy density of solutions are essentially additive. As a result, we are
able to prove quantitative estimates on the weak convergence of the gradients,
fluxes and energy densities of the first-order correctors (under blow-down)
which are optimal in both scaling and stochastic integrability. The proof of
the additivity is a bootstrap argument, completing the program initiated in
\cite{AKM}: using the regularity theory recently developed for stochastic
homogenization, we reduce the error in additivity as we pass to larger and
larger length scales. In the second part of the paper, we use the additivity to
derive central limit theorems for these quantities by a reduction to sums of
independent random variables. In particular, we prove that the first-order
correctors converge, in the large-scale limit, to a variant of the Gaussian
free field.


title:
Stability estimate for the aligned magnetic field in a periodic quantum
  waveguide from dirichlet-to-neumann map

abstract:
  In this article, we study the boundary inverse problem of determining the
aligned magnetic fiaeld appearing in the magnetic Schr\"odinger equation in a
periodic quantum cylindrical waveguide. Provided that the Dirichlet-to-Neumann
map of the magnetic Schr\"odinger equation. We prove a Holder stability
estimate with respect to the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map, by means of the
geometrical optics solutions of the magnetic Schrodinger equation.


title: The Oseen-Frank limit of Onsager's molecular theory for liquid crystals

abstract:
  We study the relationship between Onsager's molecular theory and the
Oseen-Frank theory for nematic liquid crystals. Under the molecular setting, we
consider the free energy that includes the effects of nonlocal molecular
interactions. By imposing the strong anchoring boundary condition on the second
moment of the number density function, we prove the existence of global
minimizers for the free energy. Moreover, when the re-scaled interaction
distance tends to zero, the corresponding global minimizers will converge to a
uniaxial distribution whose orientation is described by a minimizer of
Oseen-Frank energy.


title: Marvin: Semantic annotation using multiple knowledge sources

abstract:
  People are producing more written material then anytime in the history. The
increase is so high that professionals from the various fields are no more able
to cope with this amount of publications. Text mining tools can offer tools to
help them and one of the tools that can aid information retrieval and
information extraction is semantic text annotation. In this report we present
Marvin, a text annotator written in Java, which can be used as a command line
tool and as a Java library. Marvin is able to annotate text using multiple
sources, including WordNet, MetaMap, DBPedia and thesauri represented as SKOS.


title: Large Extra Dimensions at LHC Run 2

abstract:
  I extract new limits on the coefficient of the effective operator generated
by tree-level graviton exchange in large extra dimensions from $pp \rightarrow
jj$ angular distributions at LHC: $M_T > 6.8$ TeV (CMS after $2.6 fb^{-1}$ of
integrated luminosity) and $M_T > 8.3$ TeV (ATLAS after $3.6 fb^{-1}$). I also
compare such limits to the ones obtained using the full graviton amplitude, and
discuss the impact of additional constrains arising from other datasets, such
as Mono-Jet.


title: Sulphur molecules in the circumstellar envelopes of M-type AGB stars

abstract:
  The sulphur compounds SO and SO$_2$ have not been widely studied in the
circumstellar envelopes of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. By presenting
and modelling a large number of SO and SO$_2$ lines in the low mass-loss rate
M-type AGB star R Dor, and modelling the available lines of those molecules in
a further four M-type AGB stars, we aim to determine their circumstellar
abundances and distributions. We use a detailed radiative transfer analysis
based on the accelerated lambda iteration method to model circumstellar SO and
SO$_2$ line emission and molecular data files for both SO and SO$_2$ that are
more extensive than those previously available. Using 17 SO lines and 98 SO2
lines to constrain our models for R Dor, we find an SO abundance of
6.7x10$^{-6}$ and an SO$_2$ abundance of 5x10$^{-6}$ with both species having
high abundances close to the star. We also modelled $^{34}$SO and found an
abundance of 3.1x10$^{-7}$, giving an $^{32}$SO/$^{34}$SO ratio of 21.6. We
derive similar results for the circumstellar SO and SO$_2$ abundances and their
distributions for the low mass-loss rate object W Hya. For these stars, the
circumstellar SO and SO$_2$ abundances are much higher than predicted by
chemical models and these two species may account for all available sulphur.
For the higher mass-loss rate stars, we find shell-like SO distributions with
peak abundances that decrease and peak abundance radii that increase with
increasing mass-loss rate. The positions of the peak SO abundance agree very
well with the photodissociation radii of H$_2$O. We find evidence that SO is
most likely through the photodissociation of H$_2$O and the subsequent reaction
between S and OH. The S-bearing parent molecule appears not to be H$_2$S. The
SO$_2$ models suggest an origin close to the star for this species, also
disagreeing with current chemical models.


title:
Substitution tilings with dense tile orientations and n-fold rotational
  symmetry

abstract:
  It is shown that there are primitive substitution tilings with dense tile
orientations invariant under n-fold rotation for n=2,3,4,5,6,8. The proof for
dense tile orientations uses a general result about irrationality of angles in
certain parallelograms.


title: Performance test of RM CLEAN and its evaluation with chi-square value

abstract:
  RM CLEAN is a standard method to reconstruct the distribution of cosmic
magnetic fields and polarized sources along the line of sight (LOS) from
observed polarization spectrum. This method is similar to the CLEAN algorithm
for aperture synthesis radio telescope images but it is rather unclear in what
cases RM CLEAN works well. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of RM
CLEAN by simulating spectro-polarimetric observations of two compact sources
located in the same LOS, varying the relative initial polarization angle and
Faraday depth systematically. Especially, we focus on if the two polarized
sources can be resolved in the Faraday depth space and how well the source
parameters can be estimated. We confirm the previous studies that two sources
cannot be resolved when they are closely located in the Faraday depth space for
specific values of the relative initial polarization angle. Further, we
calculate the chi-square value for the fit between the mock data of
polarization spectrum and the one from RM CLEAN. Then we find that the
chi-squared value is not always significantly large even when RM CLEAN gives
wrong results.


title: Large Noise in Variational Regularization

abstract:
  In this paper we consider variational regularization methods for inverse
problems with large noise that is in general unbounded in the image space of
the forward operator. We introduce a Banach space setting that allows to define
a reasonable notion of solutions for more general noise in a larger space
provided one has sufficient mapping properties of the forward operators.
  A key observation, which guides us through the subsequent analysis, is that
such a general noise model can be understood with the same setting as
approximate source conditions (while a standard model of bounded noise is
related directly to classical source conditions). Based on this insight we
obtain a quite general existence result for regularized variational problems
and derive error estimates in terms of Bregman distances. The latter are
specialized for the particularly important cases of one- and p-homogeneous
regularization functionals.
  As a natural further step we study stochastic noise models and in particular
white noise, for which we derive error estimates in terms of the expectation of
the Bregman distance. The finiteness of certain expectations leads to a novel
class of abstract smoothness conditions on the forward operator, which can be
easily interpreted in the Hilbert space case. We finally exemplify the approach
and in particular the conditions for popular examples of regularization
functionals given by squared norm, Besov norm and total variation,
respectively.


title: The Real-rootedness of Generalized Narayana Polynomials

abstract:
  In this paper, we prove the real-rootedness of two classes of generalized
Narayana polynomials: one arising as the $h$-polynomials of the generalized
associahedron associated to the finite Weyl groups, the other arising in the
study of the infinite log-concavity of the Boros-Moll polynomials. For the
former, Br\"{a}nd\'{e}n has already proved that these $h$-polynomials have only
real zeros. We establish certain recurrence relations for the two classes of
Narayana polynomials, from which we derive the real-rootedness. To prove the
real-rootedness, we use a sufficient condition, due to Liu and Wang, to
determine whether two polynomials have interlaced zeros. The recurrence
relations are verified with the help of the Mathematica package
\textit{HolonomicFunctions}.


title: A Quasi-Bayesian Perspective to Online Clustering

abstract:
  When faced with high frequency streams of data, clustering raises theoretical
and algorithmic pitfalls. We introduce a new and adaptive online clustering
algorithm relying on a quasi-Bayesian approach, with a dynamic (i.e.,
time-dependent) estimation of the (unknown and changing) number of clusters. We
prove that our approach is supported by minimax regret bounds. We also provide
an RJMCMC-flavored implementation (called PACBO, see
https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/PACBO/index.html) for which we give a
convergence guarantee. Finally, numerical experiments illustrate the potential
of our procedure.


title:
Algebraic Geometry methods associated to the one-dimensional Hubbard
  model

abstract:
  In this paper we study the covering vertex model of the one-dimensional
Hubbard Hamiltonian constructed by Shastry in the realm of algebraic geometry.
We show that the Lax operator sits in a genus one curve which is not isomorphic
but only isogenous to the curve suitable for the AdS/CFT context. We provide an
uniformization of the Lax operator in terms of ratios of theta functions
allowing us to establish relativistic like properties such as crossing and
unitarity. We show that the respective $\mathrm{R}$-matrix weights lie on an
Abelian surface being birational to the product of two elliptic curves with
distinct $\mathrm{J}$-invariants. One of the curves is isomorphic to that of
the Lax operator but the other is solely fourfold isogenous. These results
clarify the reason the $\mathrm{R}$-matrix can not be written using only
difference of spectral parameters of the Lax operator.


title: Two-nucleon excitation from $p$ to $sd$ shell in $^{12,14}$C

abstract:
  The effect of the two-nucleon excitation from $p$ to $sd$ shell is discussed
in $^{12}$C and $^{14}$C in the frame work of shell model. The recently
suggested shell-model Hamiltonian YSOX provides an suitable tool to investigate
the $2~\hbar\omega$ excitation in $psd$ region. Because the strength of the
$<pp|V|sdsd>$ interaction, which represents the interaction between the
$0~\hbar\omega$ and $2~\hbar\omega$ configurations, is considered in the
construction of the YSOX. The level of $^{12}$C is almost independent on the
$<pp|V|sdsd>$ interaction, but excitation energies of certain states in
$^{14}$C are strongly affected by it. Further investigation shows that the
percentage of $2~\hbar\omega$ configuration in these states is quite different
from that of the ground state.


title:
On the effects of a common-pool resource on cooperation among firms with
  linear technologies

abstract:
  In this paper we study the effect that the external management of a limited
(natural) resource such as carbon dioxide or water quotas has on the behaviour
of firms in a given sector. To do this, we choose a model in which all firms
have the same technology and this is lineal. In the analysis of the problem
games in partition function form arise in a natural way. It is proved, under
certain conditions, that stable allocations exist in both cases with certainty
and uncertainty.


title:
Transition in fluctuation behaviour of normal liquids under high
  pressures

abstract:
  We explore the behaviour of the inverse reduced density fluctuations and the
isobaric expansion coefficient using {\alpha},{\omega}-dibromoalkanes as an
example. Two different states are revealed far from the critical point: the
region of exponentially decaying fluctuations near the coexistence curve and
the state with longer correlations under sufficiently high pressures. The
crossing of the isotherms of the isobaric expansion coefficient occurs within
the PVT range of the mentioned transition. We discuss the interplay of this
crossing with the changes in molecular packing structure connected with the
analysed function of the density, which represents inverse reduced volume
fluctuations.


title:
Early-type dwarf galaxies with multicomponent stellar structure: Are
  they remnants of disc galaxies strongly transformed by their environment?

abstract:
  The surface brightness distribution of $\sim$30-40$\%$ of the early-type
dwarf galaxies with $-18 \leq M_{B} \leq -15$ in the Virgo and the Coma
clusters is fitted by models that include two structural components (S\`ersic +
exponential) as for bright disc galaxies.The goal of the present study is to
determine whether early-type dwarf galaxies with a two-component stellar
structure in the Virgo and the Coma clusters are low-luminosity copies of
bright disc galaxies or are the remnants of bright galaxies strongly
transformed by cluster environmental effects.I analysed the location of bright
disc galaxies and early-type dwarfs in the $r_{b,e}/h$- $n$ plane. The location
in this plane of the two-component dwarf galaxies was compared with the
remnants of tidally disrupted disc galaxies reported by numerical simulations.
Bright unbarred disc galaxies show a strong correlation in the $r_{b,e}/h$-$n$
plane. Galaxies with larger S\`ersic shape parameters show a higher $r_{b,e}/h$
ratio. In contrast, two-component early-type dwarf galaxies do not follow the
same correlation. A fraction ($\sim$55%) of them are located outside the locus
defined in this plane by having 95$\%$ of bright disc galaxies. This
distribution indicates that they are not a low-mass replica of bright disc
galaxies. The different location in the $r_{b,e}/h$- $n$ plane of two-component
early-type dwarfs and bright galaxies can be qualitatively explain whether the
former are remnants of disc galaxies strongly transformed by tidal
processes.The progenitors of $\sim$20-25% of early-type dwarf galaxies with
$-18 \leq M_{B} \leq -15$ in the Virgo and Coma clusters could be bright disc
galaxies transformed by effects of the environment. These tidally transformed
galaxies can be selected according to their location in the $r_{b,e}/h$-$n$
plane.


title:
Quantum mechanics of a constrained particle and the problem of
  prescribed geometry-induced potential

abstract:
  The experimental techniques have evolved to a stage where various examples of
nanostructures with non-trivial shapes have been synthesized, turning the
dynamics of a constrained particle and the link with geometry into a realistic
and important topic of research. Some decades ago, a formalism to deduce a
meaningful Hamiltonian for the confinement was devised, showing that a
geometry-induced potential (GIP) acts upon the dynamics. In this work we study
the problem of prescribed GIP for curves and surfaces in Euclidean space
$\mathbb{R}^3$, i.e., how to find a curved region with a potential given {\it a
priori}. The problem for curves is easily solved by integrating Frenet
equations, while the problem for surfaces involves a non-linear 2nd order
partial differential equation (PDE). Here, we explore the GIP for surfaces
invariant by a 1-parameter group of isometries of $\mathbb{R}^3$, which turns
the PDE into an ordinary differential equation (ODE) and leads to cylindrical,
revolution, and helicoidal surfaces. Helicoidal surfaces are particularly
important, since they are natural candidates to establish a link between
chirality and the GIP. Finally, for the family of helicoidal minimal surfaces,
we prove the existence of geometry-induced bound and localized states and the
possibility of controlling the change in the distribution of the probability
density when the surface is subjected to an extra charge.


title:
Constructing bounded remainder sets and cut-and-project sets which are
  bounded distance to lattices, II

abstract:
  Recent results of several authors have led to constructions of parallelotopes
which are bounded remainder sets for totally irrational toral rotations. In
this brief note we explain, in retrospect, how some of these results can easily
be obtained from a geometric argument which was previously employed by Duneau
and Oguey in the study of deformation properties of mathematical models for
quasicrystals.


title:
Stability properties and large time behavior of viscosity solutions of
  Hamilton-Jacobi equations on metric spaces

abstract:
  We investigate asymptotic behaviors of a metric viscosity solution of a
Hamilton-Jacobi equation defined on a general metric space in
Gangbo-\'{S}wi\c{e}ch sense. Our results include general stability and large
time behavior of the solution.


title: Adaptive non-parametric estimation in the presence of dependence

abstract:
  We consider non-parametric estimation problems in the presence of dependent
data, notably non-parametric regression with random design and non-parametric
density estimation. The proposed estimation procedure is based on a dimension
reduction. The minimax optimal rate of convergence of the estimator is derived
assuming a sufficiently weak dependence characterized by fast decreasing mixing
coefficients. We illustrate these results by considering classical smoothness
assumptions. However, the proposed estimator requires an optimal choice of a
dimension parameter depending on certain characteristics of the function of
interest, which are not known in practice. The main issue addressed in our work
is an adaptive choice of this dimension parameter combining model selection and
Lepski's method. It is inspired by the recent work of Goldenshluger and Lepski
(2011). We show that this data-driven estimator can attain the lower risk bound
up to a constant provided a fast decay of the mixing coefficients.


title: Finite dimensional Hopf actions on deformation quantizations

abstract:
  We study when a finite dimensional Hopf action on a quantum formal
deformation A of a commutative domain A_0 (i.e., a deformation quantization)
must factor through a group algebra. In particular, we show that this occurs
when the Poisson center of the fraction field of A_0 is trivial.


title:
Spatial gradients of GCR protons in the inner heliosphere derived from
  Ulysses COSPIN/KET and PAMELA measurements

abstract:
  During the transition from solar cycle 23 to 24 from 2006 to 2009, the Sun
was in an unusual solar minimum with very low activity over a long period.
These exceptional conditions included a very low interplanetary magnetic field
(IMF) strength and a high tilt angle, which both play an important role in the
modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) in the heliosphere. Thus, the radial
and latitudinal gradients of GCRs are very much expected to depend not only on
the solar magnetic epoch, but also on the overall modulation level. We
determine the non-local radial and the latitudinal gradients of protons in the
rigidity range from ~0.45 to 2 GV. This was accomplished by using data from the
satellite-borne experiment Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and
Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) at Earth and the Kiel Electron Telescope
(KET) onboard Ulysses on its highly inclined Keplerian orbit around the Sun
with the aphelion at Jupiter's orbit. In comparison to the previous A>0 solar
magnetic epoch, we find that the absolute value of the latitudinal gradient is
lower at higher and higher at lower rigidities. This energy dependence is
therefore a crucial test for models that describe the cosmic ray transport in
the inner heliosphere.


title: Gradient Ricci solitons with vanishing conditions on Weyl

abstract:
  We classify complete gradient Ricci solitons satisfying a fourth-order
vanishing condition on the Weyl tensor, improving previously known results.
More precisely, we show that any $n$-dimensional ($n\geq 4$) gradient shrinking
Ricci soliton with fourth order divergence-free Weyl tensor is either Einstein,
or a finite quotient of $N^{n-k}\times \mathbb{R}^k$, $(k > 0)$, the product of
a Einstein manifold $N^{n-k}$ with the Gaussian shrinking soliton
$\mathbb{R}^k$. The technique applies also to the steady and expanding cases in
all dimensions. In particular, we prove that a three dimensional gradient
steady soliton with third order divergence-free Cotton tensor, i.e. with
vanishing double divergence of the Bach tensor, is either flat or isometric to
the Bryant soliton.


title: LES of the Sandia Flame D Using an FPV Combustion Model

abstract:
  The simulation of turbulent combustion phenomena is still an open problem in
modern fluid dynamics. Considering the economical importance of hydrocarbon
combustion in energy production processes, it is evident the need of an
accurate tool with a relatively low computational cost for the prediction of
this kind of reacting flows. In the present work, a comparative study is
carried out among large eddy simulations, performed with various grid
resolutions, a Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes simulation, and experimental
data concerning the well-known Sandia D flame test case. In all the
simulations, a flamelet progress variable model has been employed using various
hypotheses for the joint probability density function closure. The filtered
approach proved to be more accurate than the averaged one, even for the coarser
grid used in this work. In fact both approaches have shown poorly accurate
predictions in the first part of the combustion chamber, but only by the large
eddy simulation one is capable to recover the inlet discrepancies with respect
to the experimental data going along the streamwise direction.


title:
Dynamical prediction of flu seasonality driven by ambient temperature:
  influenza vs. common cold

abstract:
  This work presents a comparative analysis of Influenzanet data for influenza
itself and common cold in the Netherlands during the last 5 years, from the
point of view of modelling by linearised SIRS equations parametrically driven
by the ambient temperature. It is argued that this approach allows for the
forecast of common cold, but not of influenza in a strict sense. The difference
in their kinetic models is discussed with reference to the clinical background.


title: On-chip, self-detected THz dual-comb spectrometer

abstract:
  We present a directly generated on-chip dual-comb source at THz frequencies.
The multi-heterodyne beating signal of two free-running THz quantum cascade
laser frequency combs is measured electrically using one of the combs as a
detector, fully exploiting the unique characteristics of quantum cascade active
regions. Up to 30 modes can be detected corresponding to a spectral bandwidth
of 630 GHz, being the available bandwidth of the dual comb configuration. The
multi-heterodyne signal is used to investigate the equidistance of the comb
modes showing an accuracy of $10^{-12}$ at the carrier frequency of 2.5 THz.


title:
Mantle formation, coagulation and the origin of cloud/core shine: I.
  Modelling dust scattering and absorption in the infra-red

abstract:
  Context. The observed cloudshine and coreshine (C-shine) have been explained
in terms of grain growth leading to enhanced scatter- ing from clouds in the J,
H and K photometric bands and the Spitzer IRAC 3.6 and 4.5 {\mu}m bands. Aims.
Using our global dust modelling approach THEMIS (The Heterogeneous dust
Evolution Model at the IaS) we explore the effects of dust evolution in dense
clouds, through aliphatic-rich carbonaceous mantle formation and grain-grain
coagulation. Methods. We model the effects of wide band gap a-C:H mantle
formation and the low-level aggregation of diffuse interstellar medium dust in
the moderately-extinguished outer regions of molecular clouds. Results. The
formation of wide band gap a-C:H mantles on amorphous silicate and amorphous
carbon (a-C) grains leads to a decrease in their absorption cross-sections but
no change in their scattering cross-sections at near-IR wavelengths, resulting
in higher albedos. Conclusions. The evolution of dust, with increasing density
and extinction in the diffuse to dense molecular cloud transition, through
mantle formation and grain aggregation, appears to be a likely explanation for
the observed C-shine.


title: Kinetic theory of a longitudinally expanding system

abstract:
  We use kinetic theory in order to study the role of quantum fluctuations in
the isotropization of the pressure tensor in a system subject to fast
longitudinal expansion, such as the matter produced in the early stages of a
heavy ion collision.


title:
Quantitative flatness results and $BV$-estimates for stable nonlocal
  minimal surfaces

abstract:
  We establish quantitative properties of minimizers and stable sets for
nonlocal interaction functionals, including the $s$-fractional perimeter as a
particular case.
  On the one hand, we establish universal $BV$-estimates in every dimension
$n\ge 2$ for stable sets. Namely, we prove that any stable set in $B_1$ has
finite classical perimeter in $B_{1/2}$, with a universal bound. This nonlocal
result is new even in the case of $s$-perimeters and its local counterpart (for
classical stable minimal surfaces) was known only for simply connected
two-dimensional surfaces immersed in $\mathbb R^3$.
  On the other hand, we prove quantitative flatness estimates for minimizers
and stable sets in low dimensions $n=2,3$. More precisely, we show that a
stable set in $B_R$, with $R$ large, is very close in measure to being a half
space in $B_1$ ---with a quantitative estimate on the measure of the symmetric
difference. As a byproduct, we obtain new classification results for stable
sets in the whole plane.


title:
Mantle formation, coagulation and the origin of cloud/core-shine: II.
  Comparison with observations

abstract:
  Many dense interstellar clouds are observable in emission in the near-IR,
commonly referred to as "Cloudshine", and in the mid-IR, the so-called
"Coreshine". These C-shine observations have usually been explained with grain
growth but no model has yet been able to self-consistently explain the dust
spectral energy distribution from the near-IR to the submm. We want to
demonstrate the ability of our new core/mantle evolutionary dust model THEMIS
(The Heterogeneous dust Evolution Model at the IaS), which has been shown to be
valid in the far-IR and submm, to reproduce the C-shine observations. Our
starting point is a physically motivated core/mantle dust model. It consists of
3 dust populations: small aromatic-rich carbon grains; bigger core/mantle
grains with mantles of aromatic-rich carbon and cores either made of amorphous
aliphatic-rich carbon or amorphous silicate. We assume an evolutionary path
where these grains, when entering denser regions, may first form a second
aliphatic-rich carbon mantle (coagulation of small grains, accretion of carbon
from the gas phase), second coagulate together to form large aggregates, and
third accrete gas phase molecules coating them with an ice mantle. To compute
the corresponding dust emission and scattering, we use a 3D Monte-Carlo
radiative transfer code. We show that our global evolutionary dust modelling
approach THEMIS allows us to reproduce C-shine observations towards dense
starless clouds. Dust scattering and emission is most sensitive to the cloud
central density and to the steepness of the cloud density profile. Varying
these two parameters leads to changes, which are stronger in the near-IR, in
both the C-shine intensity and profile. With a combination of aliphatic-rich
mantle formation and low-level coagulation into aggregates, we can
self-consistently explain the observed C-shine and far-IR/submm emission
towards dense starless clouds.


title: Cluster-Seeking James-Stein Estimators

abstract:
  This paper considers the problem of estimating a high-dimensional vector of
parameters $\boldsymbol{\theta} \in \mathbb{R}^n$ from a noisy observation. The
noise vector is i.i.d. Gaussian with known variance. For a squared-error loss
function, the James-Stein (JS) estimator is known to dominate the simple
maximum-likelihood (ML) estimator when the dimension $n$ exceeds two. The
JS-estimator shrinks the observed vector towards the origin, and the risk
reduction over the ML-estimator is greatest for $\boldsymbol{\theta}$ that lie
close to the origin. JS-estimators can be generalized to shrink the data
towards any target subspace. Such estimators also dominate the ML-estimator,
but the risk reduction is significant only when $\boldsymbol{\theta}$ lies
close to the subspace. This leads to the question: in the absence of prior
information about $\boldsymbol{\theta}$, how do we design estimators that give
significant risk reduction over the ML-estimator for a wide range of
$\boldsymbol{\theta}$?
  In this paper, we propose shrinkage estimators that attempt to infer the
structure of $\boldsymbol{\theta}$ from the observed data in order to construct
a good attracting subspace. In particular, the components of the observed
vector are separated into clusters, and the elements in each cluster shrunk
towards a common attractor. The number of clusters and the attractor for each
cluster are determined from the observed vector. We provide concentration
results for the squared-error loss and convergence results for the risk of the
proposed estimators. The results show that the estimators give significant risk
reduction over the ML-estimator for a wide range of $\boldsymbol{\theta}$,
particularly for large $n$. Simulation results are provided to support the
theoretical claims.


title:
FG- coupled fixed point theorems for various contractions in partially
  ordered metric spaces

abstract:
  In this paper we introduce FG- coupled fixed point, which is a generalization
of coupled fixed point for nonlinear mappings in partially ordered complete
metric spaces. We discuss existence and uniqueness theorems of FG- coupled
fixed points for different contractive mappings. Our theorems generalizes the
results of Gnana Bhaskar and Lakshmikantham [T. Gnana Bhaskar, V.
Lakshmikantham; Fixed point theorems in partially ordered metric spaces and
applications; Nonlinear Analysis 65 (2006) 1379 -1393].


title:
Observer-Based Feedback Stabilization of Linear Systems with
  Event-triggered Sampling and Dynamic Quantization

abstract:
  We consider the problem of output feedback stabilization in linear systems
when the measured outputs and control inputs are subject to event-triggered
sampling and dynamic quantization. A new sampling algorithm is proposed for
outputs which does not lead to accumulation of sampling times and results in
asymptotic stabilization of the system. The approach for output sampling is
based on defining an event function that compares the difference between the
current output and the most recently transmitted output sample not only with
the current value of the output, but also takes into account a certain number
of previously transmitted output samples. This allows us to reconstruct the
state using an observer with sample-and-hold measurements. The estimated states
are used to generate a control input, which is subjected to a different
event-triggered sampling routine; hence the sampling times of inputs and
outputs are asynchronous. Using Lyapunov-based approach, we prove the
asymptotic stabilization of the closed-loop system and show that there exists a
minimum inter-sampling time for control inputs and for outputs. To show that
these sampling routines are robust with respect to transmission errors, only
the quantized (in space) values of outputs and inputs are transmitted to the
controller and the plant, respectively. A dynamic quantizer is adopted for this
purpose, and an algorithm is proposed to update the range and the centre of the
quantizer that results in an asymptotically stable closed-loop system.


title:
Fast Computation of the Nth Term of an Algebraic Series over a Finite
  Prime Field

abstract:
  We address the question of computing one selected term of an algebraic power
series. In characteristic zero, the best algorithm currently known for
computing the $N$th coefficient of an algebraic series uses differential
equations and has arithmetic complexity quasi-linear in $\sqrt{N}$. We show
that over a prime field of positive characteristic $p$, the complexity can be
lowered to $O(\log N)$. The mathematical basis for this dramatic improvement is
a classical theorem stating that a formal power series with coefficients in a
finite field is algebraic if and only if the sequence of its coefficients can
be generated by an automaton. We revisit and enhance two constructive proofs of
this result for finite prime fields. The first proof uses Mahler equations,
whose sizes appear to be prohibitively large. The second proof relies on
diagonals of rational functions; we turn it into an efficient algorithm, of
complexity linear in $\log N$ and quasi-linear in $p$.


title: On the Functions Generated by the General Purpose Analog Computer

abstract:
  We consider the General Purpose Analog Computer (GPAC), introduced by Claude
Shannon in 1941 as a mathematical model of Differential Analysers, that is to
say as a model of continuous-time analog (mechanical, and later one electronic)
machines of that time. We extend the model properly to a model of computation
not restricted to univariate functions (i.e. functions $f: \mathbb{R} \to
\mathbb{R}$) but also to the multivariate case of (i.e. functions $f:
\mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^m$), and establish some basic properties. In
particular, we prove that a very wide class of (continuous and discontinuous)
functions can be uniformly approximated over their full domain. Technically: we
generalize some known results about the GPAC to the multidimensional case: we
extend naturally the notion of \emph{generable} function, from the
unidimensional to the multidimensional case. We prove a few stability
properties of this class, mostly stability by arithmetic operations,
composition and ODE solving. We establish that generable functions are always
analytic. We prove that generable functions include some basic (useful)
generable functions, and that we can (uniformly) approximate a wide range of
functions this way. This extends some of the results from \cite{Sha41} to the
multidimensional case, and this also strengths the approximation result from
\cite{Sha41} over a compact domain to a uniform approximation result over
unbounded domains. We also discuss the issue of constants, and we prove that
involved constants can basically assumed to always be polynomial time
computable numbers.


title:
A New Contraction-Based NMPC Formulation Without Stability-Related
  terminal Constraints

abstract:
  Contraction-Based Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) formulations are
attractive because of the generally short prediction horizons they require and
the needless use of terminal set computation that are commonly necessary to
guarantee stability. However, the inclusion of the contraction constraint in
the definition of the underlying optimization problem often leads to non
standard features such as the need for multi-step open-loop application of
control sequences or the use of multi-step memorization of the contraction
level that may induce unfeasibility in presence of unexpected disturbance. This
paper proposes a new formulation of contraction-based NMPC in which no
contraction constraint is explicitly involved. Convergence of the resulting
closed-loop behavior is proved under mild assumptions.


title:
Multilevel Monte Carlo for L\'evy-driven SDEs: Central limit theorems
  for adaptive Euler schemes

abstract:
  In this article, we consider multilevel Monte Carlo for the numerical
computation of expectations for stochastic differential equations driven by
L\'{e}vy processes. The underlying numerical schemes are based on jump-adapted
Euler schemes. We prove stable convergence of an idealised scheme. Further, we
deduce limit theorems for certain classes of functionals depending on the whole
trajectory of the process. In particular, we allow dependence on marginals,
integral averages and the supremum of the process. The idealised scheme is
related to two practically implementable schemes and corresponding central
limit theorems are given. In all cases, we obtain errors of order
$N^{-1/2}(\log N)^{1/2}$ in the computational time $N$ which is the same order
as obtained in the classical set-up analysed by Giles [Oper. Res. 56 (2008)
607-617]. Finally, we use the central limit theorems to optimise the parameters
of the multilevel scheme.


title: Weighted $L^p$ bounds for the Marcinkiewicz integral

abstract:
  Let $\Omega$ be homogeneous of degree zero, have mean value zero and
integrable on the unit sphere, and $\mathcal{M}_{\Omega}$ be the
higher-dimensional Marcinkiewicz integral associated with $\Omega$. In this
paper, the authors proved that if $\Omega\in L^q(S^{n-1})$ for some $q\in
(1,\,\infty]$, then for $p\in (q',\,\infty)$ and $w\in A_{p}(\mathbb{R}^n)$,
the bound of $\mathcal{M}_{\Omega}$ on $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n,\,w)$ is less than
$C[w]_{A_{p/q'}}^{2\max\{1,\,\frac{1}{p-q'}\}}$.


title:
Compositional waves and variations in the atmospheric abundances of
  magnetic stars

abstract:
  The stars of the middle main sequence often have relatively quiescent outer
layers and spot-like chemical structures may develope in their atmospheres.
Recent observations show that abundance peculiarities can change as stars
evolve on the main sequence and the timescale of these changes lies in a wide
range from million years to months. These observations imply that, perhaps, our
understanding of diffusion processes at work in magnetic stars is incomplete
and a more detailed analysis of these processes is required. In the present
paper, we consider diffusion caused by a combined influence of the electric
current and the Hall effect.Such diffusion has a number of very particular
properties and, generally, can change the surface chemistry of stars in
combination with other diffusion processes. For instance, current-driven
diffusion is accompanied by a propagation of the special type of waves in which
only the impurity number density oscillates. Propagation of such waves changes
the shape and size of spots as well as chemical abundances within them. The
period of compositional waves depends on the parameters of plasma (magnetic
field, electric current, temperature, etc.) and can be different for the waves
of different elements. Compositional waves exist in the regions where the
magnetic pressure is greater than the gas pressure. These waves can be the
reason of variations with different timescales in the abundance peculiarities
of magnetic stars.


title:
Torque-Induced Rotational Dynamics in Polymers: Torsional Blobs and
  Thinning

abstract:
  By using the blob theory and computer simulations, we investigate the
properties of a linear polymer performing a stationary rotational motion around
a long impenetrable rod. In particular, in the simulations the rotation is
induced by a torque applied to the end of the polymer that is tethered to the
rod. Three different regimes are found, in close analogy with the case of
polymers pulled by a constant force at one end. For low torques the polymer
rotates maintaining its equilibrium conformation. At intermediate torques the
polymer assumes a trumpet shape, being composed by blobs of increasing size. At
even larger torques the polymer is partially wrapped around the rod. We derive
several scaling relations between various quantities as angular velocity,
elongation and torque. The analytical predictions match the simulation data
well. Interestingly, we find a "thinning" regime where the torque has a very
weak (logarithmic) dependence on the angular velocity. We discuss the origin of
this behavior, which has no counterpart in polymers pulled by an applied force.


title:
Reconstructing semi-invisible events in resonant tau pair production
  from Higgs

abstract:
  We study the possibility of utilising the constrained mass variable,
$M_{2Cons}$, in reconstructing the semi-invisible events originated from a
resonant production at the LHC. While this proposal is effective for any
similar antler type production mechanism, here we demonstrate with potentially
interesting scenario, when the Higgs boson decays into a pair of third
generation $\tau$ leptons. Buoyed with a relatively large Yukawa coupling, the
LHC has already started exploring this pair production to investigate the
properties of Higgs in the leptonic sector. Dominant signatures through
hadronic decay of tau, associated with invisible neutrinos compound the
difficulty in the reconstruction of such events. Exploiting the already
existing Higgs mass bound, this new method provides a unique event
reconstruction, together with a significant enhancement in terms of efficiency
over the existing methods.


title: Topological magnetoplasmon

abstract:
  Classical wave fields are real-valued, ensuring the wave states at opposite
frequencies and momenta to be inherently identical. Such a particle-hole
symmetry can open up new possibilities for topological phenomena in classical
systems. Here we show that the historically studied two-dimensional (2D)
magnetoplasmon, which bears gapped bulk states and gapless one-way edge states
near zero frequency, is topologically analogous to the 2D topological $p+\Ii p$
superconductor with chiral Majorana edge states and zero modes. We further
predict a new type of one-way edge magnetoplasmon at the interface of opposite
magnetic domains, and demonstrate the existence of zero-frequency modes bounded
at the peripheries of a hollow disk. These findings can be readily verified in
experiment, and can greatly enrich the topological phases in bosonic and
classical systems.


title: Graph-based Predictable Feature Analysis

abstract:
  We propose graph-based predictable feature analysis (GPFA), a new method for
unsupervised learning of predictable features from high-dimensional time
series, where high predictability is understood very generically as low
variance in the distribution of the next data point given the previous ones. We
show how this measure of predictability can be understood in terms of graph
embedding as well as how it relates to the information-theoretic measure of
predictive information in special cases. We confirm the effectiveness of GPFA
on different datasets, comparing it to three existing algorithms with similar
objectives---namely slow feature analysis, forecastable component analysis, and
predictable feature analysis---to which GPFA shows very competitive results.


title: Characterizations of interpretability in bounded arithmetic

abstract:
  This paper deals with three tools to compare proof-theoretic strength of
formal arithmetical theories: interpretability, $\Pi^0_1$-conservativity and
proving restricted consistency. It is well known that under certain conditions
these three notions are equivalent and this equivalence is often referred to as
the Orey-H\'ajek characterization of interpretability.
  In this paper we look with detail at the Orey-H\'ajek characterization and
study what conditions are needed and in what meta-theory the characterizations
can be formalized.


title: A simple model of momentum relaxation in Lifshitz holography

abstract:
  We expand the holographic studies of momentum relaxation to include
non-relativistic scaling symmetries in the ultraviolet. We do so by
constructing black branes with Lifshitz asymptotics dressed with axions which
explicitly depend on the boundary directions. Such configurations arise as
analytic solutions of the Einstein-Proca theory coupled to massless scalar
fields in arbitrary dimensions. Studying linear perturbations on these
backgrounds, we conclude that there is a dual Ward identity which accounts for
the dissipation of momentum in the system. In addition, we numerically compute
the frequency dependent thermal conductivity of the branes and verify that its
DC limit is finite.


title:
A SHM method for detecting damage with incomplete observations based on
  VARX modelling and Granger causality

abstract:
  A SHM method is proposed that minimises the required number of sensors for
detecting damage. The damage detection method consists of two steps. In an
initial characterization step, substructuring approach is applied to the
healthy structure in order to isolate the substructures of interest and later,
each substructure is identified by a Vector Auto Regressive with eXogenous
inputs (VARX) model measuring all DOFs. Then, pairwise conditional Granger
causality analysis is carried out with data measured from substructural DOFs to
evaluate the information loss when measurements from all DOFs are not
available. This analysis allows selecting those accelerometers that can be
suppressed minimising the information loss. In the evaluation phase, vibration
data from the reduced set of sensors is compared to the estimated data obtained
from the healthy substructure's VARX model, and as a result a damage indicator
is computed. The proposed detection method is validated by finite element
simulations in a lattice structure model.


title:
Geometric dark energy traversable wormholes constrained by astrophysical
  observations

abstract:
  In this letter, we introduce the astrophysical observations into the wormhole
research, which is not meant to general parameters constraints for the dark
energy models, in order to understand more about in which stage of the universe
evolutions wormholes may exist through the investigation of the evolution
behavior of the cosmic equation of state parameter. As a concrete instance, we
investigate the Ricci dark energy (RDE) traversable wormholes constrained by
astrophysical data-sets. Particularly, we can discover from Fig. \ref{fig5} of
the present work, when the effective equation of state parameter $\omega_X<-1$,
namely, the Null Energy conditions (NEC) is violated clearly, the wormholes
will appear (open). Subsequently, six specific solutions of static and
spherically symmetric traversable wormhole supported by the RDE are obtained.
Except for the case of constant redshift function, in which the solution is not
only asymptotically flat but also traversable, the remaining five solutions are
all not asymptotically flat, therefore, the exotic matter from the RDE fluids
is spatially distributed in the vicinity of the throat. Furthermore, we analyze
the physical characteristics and properties of the RDE traversable wormholes.
It is worth noting that, through the astrophysical observations, we get
constraints on the parameters of RDE model, explore the type of exotic RDE
fluids in different stages of the universe changing, limit the number of
available models for wormhole research, reduce the number of the wormholes
corresponding to different parameters for RDE model and provide a more apparent
picture for wormhole investigations from the new perspective of observational
cosmology background

categories: gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th math-ph math.MP


title:
Machine Learning Barycenter Approach to Identifying LPV State-Space
  Models

abstract:
  In this paper an identification method for state-space LPV models is
presented. The method is based on a particular parameterization that can be
written in linear regression form and enables model estimation to be handled
using Least-Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM). The regression form has a
set of design variables that act as filter poles to the underlying basis
functions. In order to preserve the meaning of the Kernel functions (crucial in
the LS-SVM context), these are filtered by a 2D-system with the predictor
dynamics. A data-driven, direct optimization based approach for tuning this
filter is proposed. The method is assessed using a simulated example and the
results obtained are twofold. First, in spite of the difficult nonlinearities
involved, the nonparametric algorithm was able to learn the underlying
dependencies on the scheduling signal. Second, a significant improvement in the
performance of the proposed method is registered, if compared with the one
achieved by placing the predictor poles at the origin of the complex plane,
which is equivalent to considering an estimator based on an LPV auto-regressive
(LPV-ARX) structure.


title:
Nonlinear normal modes and spectral submanifolds: Existence, uniqueness
  and use in model reduction

abstract:
  We propose a unified approach to nonlinear modal analysis in dissipative
oscillatory systems. This approach eliminates conflicting definitions, covers
both autonomous and time-dependent systems, and provides exact mathematical
existence, uniqueness and robustness results. In this setting, a nonlinear
normal mode (NNM) is a set filled with small-amplitude recurrent motions: a
fixed point, a periodic orbit or the closure of a quasiperiodic orbit. In
contrast, a spectral submanifold (SSM) is an invariant manifold asymptotic to a
NNM, serving as the smoothest nonlinear continuation of a spectral subspace of
the linearized system along the NNM. The existence and uniqueness of SSMs turns
out to depend on a spectral quotient computed from the real part of the
spectrum of the linearized system. This quotient may well be large even for
small dissipation, thus the inclusion of damping is essential for firm
conclusions about NNMs, SSMs and the reduced-order models they yield.


title: The geometry of thresholdless active flow in nematic microfluidics

abstract:
  "Active nematics" are orientationally ordered but apolar fluids composed of
interacting constituents individually powered by an internal source of energy.
When activity exceeds a system-size dependent threshold, spatially uniform
active apolar fluids undergo a hydrodynamic instability leading to spontaneous
macroscopic fluid flow. Here, we show that a special class of spatially
non-uniform configurations of such active apolar fluids display laminar (i.e.,
time-independent) flow even for arbitrarily small activity. We also show that
two-dimensional active nematics confined on a surface of non-vanishing Gaussian
curvature must necessarily experience a non-vanishing active force. This
general conclusion follows from a key result of differential geometry:
geodesics must converge or diverge on surfaces with non-zero Gaussian
curvature. We derive the conditions under which such curvature-induced active
forces generate "thresholdless flow" for two-dimensional curved shells. We then
extend our analysis to bulk systems and show how to induce thresholdless active
flow by controlling the curvature of confining surfaces, external fields, or
both. The resulting laminar flow fields are determined analytically in three
experimentally realizable configurations that exemplify this general
phenomenon: i) toroidal shells with planar alignment, ii) a cylinder with
non-planar boundary conditions, and iii) a "Frederiks cell" that functions like
a pump without moving parts. Our work suggests a robust design strategy for
active microfluidic chips and could be tested with the recently discovered
"living liquid crystals".


title: Effect of plasticity and dimensionality on crumpling of a thin sheet

abstract:
  The process of crumpling a sheet and compacting it into a ball is dependent
on many parameters that are difficult to disentangle. We study the effect of
plasticity on the crumpling process, and disentangle the effects of plasticity
and dimensionality of compaction by performing isotropic compaction experiments
on various materials with different elastoplasticities. The force required to
crumple a sheet into a ball as well as the number of layers inside the ball
have a power-law dependence on the size of the crumpled ball, each with its own
power-law exponent. We experimentally determine both exponents and find that
they are linearly proportional to and decrease with increasing plasticity of
the material. Finally we provide a scaling argument predicting a linear
relation between the two exponents with a coefficient of 3.5 in excellent
agreement with our experimental results.


title: Functional Dependencies Unleashed for Scalable Data Exchange

abstract:
  We address the problem of efficiently evaluating target functional
dependencies (fds) in the Data Exchange (DE) process. Target fds naturally
occur in many DE scenarios, including the ones in Life Sciences in which
multiple source relations need to be structured under a constrained target
schema. However, despite their wide use, target fds' evaluation is still a
bottleneck in the state-of-the-art DE engines. Systems relying on an all-SQL
approach typically do not support target fds unless additional information is
provided. Alternatively, DE engines that do include these dependencies
typically pay the price of a significant drop in performance and scalability.
In this paper, we present a novel chase-based algorithm that can efficiently
handle arbitrary fds on the target. Our approach essentially relies on
exploiting the interactions between source-to-target (s-t) tuple-generating
dependencies (tgds) and target fds. This allows us to tame the size of the
intermediate chase results, by playing on a careful ordering of chase steps
interleaving fds and (chosen) tgds. As a direct consequence, we importantly
diminish the fd application scope, often a central cause of the dramatic
overhead induced by target fds. Moreover, reasoning on dependency interaction
further leads us to interesting parallelization opportunities, yielding
additional scalability gains. We provide a proof-of-concept implementation of
our chase-based algorithm and an experimental study aiming at gauging its
scalability with respect to a number of parameters, among which the size of
source instances and the number of dependencies of each tested scenario.
Finally, we empirically compare with the latest DE engines, and show that our
algorithm outperforms them.


title: Conditional Estimation in Two-stage Adaptive Designs

abstract:
  We consider conditional estimation in two-stage sample size adjustable
designs and the following bias. More specifically, we consider a design which
permits raising the sample size when interim results look rather promising,
and, which keeps the originally planned sample size when results look very
promising. The estimation procedures reported comprise the unconditional
maximum likelihood, the conditionally unbiased Rao-Blackwell estimator, the
conditional median unbiased estimator, and the conditional maximum likelihood
with and without bias correction. We compare these estimators based on
analytical results and by a simulation study. We show in a real clinical trial
setting how they can be applied.


title: Elliptic boundary value problem on non-compact $G$-manifolds

abstract:
  In this paper, an equality between the Hochs-Mathai type index and the
Atiyah-Patodi-Singer type index is established when the manifold and the group
action are both non-compact, which generalizes a result of Ma and Zhang for
compact group actions. As a technical preparation, a problem concerning the
Fredholm property of the global elliptic boundary value problems of the
Atiyah-Patodi-Singer type on a non-compact manifold is studied.


title: Information-Centric Connectivity

abstract:
  Mobile devices are often presented with multiple connectivity options usually
making a selection either randomly or based on load/wireless conditions
metrics, as is the case of current offloading schemes. In this paper we claim
that link-layer connectivity can be associated with information-availability
and in this respect connectivity decisions should be information-aware. This
constitutes a next step for the Information-Centric Networking paradigm,
realizing the concept of Information-Centric Connectivity (ICCON). We elaborate
on different types of information availability and connectivity decisions in
the context of ICCON, present specific use cases and discuss emerging
opportunities, challenges and technical approaches. We illustrate the potential
benefits of ICCON through preliminary simulation and numerical results in an
example use case.


title: Cohomology of Effect Algebras

abstract:
  We will define two ways to assign cohomology groups to effect algebras, which
occur in the algebraic study of quantum logic. The first way is based on
Connes' cyclic cohomology. The resulting cohomology groups are related to the
state space of the effect algebra, and can be computed using variations on the
Kunneth and Mayer-Vietoris sequences. The second way involves a chain complex
of ordered abelian groups, and gives rise to a cohomological characterization
of state extensions on effect algebras. This has applications to no-go theorems
in quantum foundations, such as Bell's theorem.


title: Search for a sterile neutrino with the STEREO detector at ILL

abstract:
  In 2011, a re-evaluation of the antineutrino spectrum emitted by nuclear
reactors revealed a 6% deficit between the observed flux and the expected one.
This anomaly is significant at 2.9$\sigma$ and can be explained by a new
oscillation at short range due to a light sterile neutrino, with parameter
$\Delta m^2=\mathcal{O}(\text{eV})$. The STEREO detector in construction at ILL
will be the first ever to measure with precision its antineutrino spectrum and
flux at very short distance (9-11m) and it will be able to confirm or reject
the existence of this light sterile neutrino. In the following we introduce the
relevant parameter to study the neutrino oscillation, then the STEREO detector
and its discovery potential.


title: Improving PIE's performance over high-delay paths

abstract:
  Bufferbloat is excessive latency due to over- provisioned network buffers.
PIE and CoDel are two recently proposed Active Queue Management (AQM)
algorithms, designed to tackle bufferbloat by lowering the queuing delay
without degrading the bottleneck utilization. PIE uses a proportional integral
controller to maintain the average queuing delay at a desired level; however,
large Round Trip Times (RTT) result in large spikes in queuing delays, which
induce high dropping probability and low utilization. To deal with this
problem, we propose Maximum and Average queuing Delay with PIE (MADPIE).
Loosely based on the drop policy used by CoDel to keep queuing delay bounded,
MADPIE is a simple extension to PIE that adds deterministic packet drops at
controlled intervals. By means of simulations, we observe that our proposed
change does not affect PIE's performance when RTT < 100 ms. The deterministic
drops are more dominant when the RTT increases, which results in lower maximum
queuing delays and better performance for VoIP traffic and small file
downloads, with no major impact on bulk transfers.


title:
Portfolio optimization under dynamic risk constraints: continuous vs.
  discrete time trading

abstract:
  We consider an investor facing a classical portfolio problem of optimal
investment in a log-Brownian stock and a fixed-interest bond, but constrained
to choose portfolio and consumption strategies that reduce a dynamic shortfall
risk measure. For continuous- and discrete-time financial markets we
investigate the loss in expected utility of intermediate consumption and
terminal wealth caused by imposing a dynamic risk constraint. We derive the
dynamic programming equations for the resulting stochastic optimal control
problems and solve them numerically. Our numerical results indicate that the
loss of portfolio performance is not too large while the risk is notably
reduced. We then investigate time discretization effects and find that the loss
of portfolio performance resulting from imposing a risk constraint is typically
bigger than the loss resulting from infrequent trading.


title: Higher Maslov Indices

abstract:
  We define Maslov--type indices associated to contact and symplectic
transformation groups. There are two such families of indices. The first class
of indices are maps from the homotopy groups of the contactomorphism or
symplectomorphism group to a quotient of the integers. These are based on a
generalization of the Maslov index. The second class of indices are maps from
the homotopy groups of the space of contact structures or the space of
cohomologous symplectic forms to the homotopy groups of a simple homogeneous
space. We provide a detailed construction and describe some properties of these
indices and their applications.


title: Social Networks Under Stress

abstract:
  Social network research has begun to take advantage of fine-grained
communications regarding coordination, decision-making, and knowledge sharing.
These studies, however, have not generally analyzed how external events are
associated with a social network's structure and communicative properties.
Here, we study how external events are associated with a network's change in
structure and communications. Analyzing a complete dataset of millions of
instant messages among the decision-makers in a large hedge fund and their
network of outside contacts, we investigate the link between price shocks,
network structure, and change in the affect and cognition of decision-makers
embedded in the network. When price shocks occur the communication network
tends not to display structural changes associated with adaptiveness. Rather,
the network "turtles up". It displays a propensity for higher clustering,
strong tie interaction, and an intensification of insider vs. outsider
communication. Further, we find changes in network structure predict shifts in
cognitive and affective processes, execution of new transactions, and local
optimality of transactions better than prices, revealing the important
predictive relationship between network structure and collective behavior
within a social network.


title:
Derivation of anisotropic dissipative fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann
  equation

abstract:
  Fluid-dynamical equations of motion can be derived from the Boltzmann
equation in terms of an expansion around a single-particle distribution
function which is in local thermodynamical equilibrium, i.e., isotropic in
momentum space in the rest frame of a fluid element. However, in situations
where the single-particle distribution function is highly anisotropic in
momentum space, such as the initial stage of heavy-ion collisions at
relativistic energies, such an expansion is bound to break down. Nevertheless,
one can still derive a fluid-dynamical theory, called anisotropic dissipative
fluid dynamics, in terms of an expansion around a single-particle distribution
function, $\hat{f}_{0\bf k}$, which incorporates (at least parts of) the
momentum anisotropy via a suitable parametrization. We construct such an
expansion in terms of polynomials in energy and momentum in the direction of
the anisotropy and of irreducible tensors in the two-dimensional momentum
subspace orthogonal to both the fluid velocity and the direction of the
anisotropy. From the Boltzmann equation we then derive the set of equations of
motion for the irreducible moments of the deviation of the single-particle
distribution function from $\hat{f}_{0\bf k}$. Truncating this set via the
14-moment approximation, we obtain the equations of motion of anisotropic
dissipative fluid dynamics.


title: Arithmetic properties of Delannoy numbers and Schr\"oder numbers

abstract:
  Define $$D_n(x)=\sum_{k=0}^n\binom nk^2x^k(x+1)^{n-k}\ \ \ \mbox{for}\
n=0,1,2,\ldots$$ and $$s_n(x)=\sum_{k=1}^n\frac1n\binom nk\binom
n{k-1}x^{k-1}(x+1)^{n-k}\ \ \ \mbox{for}\ n=1,2,3,\ldots.$$ Then $D_n(1)$ is
the $n$-th central Delannoy number $D_n$, and $s_n(1)$ is the $n$-th little
Schr\"oder number $s_n$. In this paper we obtain some surprising arithmetic
properties of $D_n(x)$ and $s_n(x)$. We show that
$$\frac1n\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}D_k(x)s_{k+1}(x)\in\mathbb Z[x(x+1)]\ \quad\mbox{for
all}\ n=1,2,3,\ldots.$$ Moreover, for any odd prime $p$ and $p$-adic integer
$x\not\equiv0,-1\pmod p$, we establish the supercongruence
$$\sum_{k=0}^{p-1}D_k(x)s_{k+1}(x)\equiv0\pmod{p^2}.$$ As an application we
confirm Conjecture 5.5 in [S14a], in particular we prove that
$$\frac1n\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}T_kM_k(-3)^{n-1-k}\in\mathbb Z\quad\mbox{for all}\
n=1,2,3,\ldots,$$ where $T_k$ is the $k$-th central trinomial coefficient and
$M_k$ is the $k$-th Motzkin number.


title: Multi-object Classification via Crowdsourcing with a Reject Option

abstract:
  Consider designing an effective crowdsourcing system for an $M$-ary
classification task. Crowd workers complete simple binary microtasks whose
results are aggregated to give the final result. We consider the novel scenario
where workers have a reject option so they may skip microtasks when they are
unable or choose not to respond. For example, in mismatched speech
transcription, workers who do not know the language may not be able to respond
to microtasks focused on phonological dimensions outside their categorical
perception. We present an aggregation approach using a weighted majority voting
rule, where each worker's response is assigned an optimized weight to maximize
the crowd's classification performance. We evaluate system performance in both
exact and asymptotic forms. Further, we consider the setting where there may be
a set of greedy workers that complete microtasks even when they are unable to
perform it reliably. We consider an oblivious and an expurgation strategy to
deal with greedy workers, developing an algorithm to adaptively switch between
the two based on the estimated fraction of greedy workers in the anonymous
crowd. Simulation results show improved performance compared with conventional
majority voting.


title:
Symmetric waves are traveling waves for a shallow water equation for
  surface waves of moderate amplitude

abstract:
  Following a general principle introduced by Ehrnstr\"{o}m et.al. we prove
that for an equation modeling the free surface evolution of moderate amplitude
waves in shallow water, all symmetric waves are traveling waves.


title: A Deep Learning Based Fast Image Saliency Detection Algorithm

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a fast deep learning method for object saliency
detection using convolutional neural networks. In our approach, we use a
gradient descent method to iteratively modify the input images based on the
pixel-wise gradients to reduce a pre-defined cost function, which is defined to
measure the class-specific objectness and clamp the class-irrelevant outputs to
maintain image background. The pixel-wise gradients can be efficiently computed
using the back-propagation algorithm. We further apply SLIC superpixels and LAB
color based low level saliency features to smooth and refine the gradients. Our
methods are quite computationally efficient, much faster than other deep
learning based saliency methods. Experimental results on two benchmark tasks,
namely Pascal VOC 2012 and MSRA10k, have shown that our proposed methods can
generate high-quality salience maps, at least comparable with many slow and
complicated deep learning methods. Comparing with the pure low-level methods,
our approach excels in handling many difficult images, which contain complex
background, highly-variable salient objects, multiple objects, and/or very
small salient objects.


title:
Concise configuration interaction expansions for three fermions in six
  orbitals

abstract:
  The Hilbert space for three fermions in six orbitals, lately dubbed the
"Borland-Dennis setting," is a proving ground for insights into electronic
structure. Borland and Dennis discovered that, when referred to coordinate
systems defined in terms of its natural orbitals, a wave function in the
Borland-Dennis setting has the same structure as a 3-qubit state. By dint of
the Borland-Dennis Theorem, canonical forms for 3-qubit states have analogs in
the Borland-Dennis setting.
  One of these canonical forms is based upon "max-overlap Slater determinant
approximations." Any max-overlap Slater determinant approximation of a given
wave function is the leading term in a 5-term configuration interaction (CI)
expansion of that wave function. Our main result is that "max-overlap CIS
approximations" also lead to 5-term CI expansions, distinct from those based on
max-overlap Slater determinant approximations, though of the same symmetric
shape. We also prove the analog of this result for 3-qubit setting.


title: Context tree selection for functional data

abstract:
  It has been repeatedly conjectured that the brain retrieves statistical
regularities from stimuli. Here we present a new statistical approach allowing
to address this conjecture. This approach is based on a new class of stochastic
processes driven by chains with memory of variable length. It leads to a new
experimental protocol in which sequences of auditory stimuli generated by a
stochastic chain are presented to volunteers while electroencephalographic
(EEG) data is recorded from their scalp. A new statistical model selection
procedure for functional data is introduced and proved to be consistent.
Applied to samples of EEG data collected using our experimental protocol it
produces results supporting the conjecture that the brain effectively
identifies the structure of the chain generating the sequence of stimuli.


title:
Extremal Black Holes in Strong Magnetic Fields: Near-Horizon Geometries
  and Meissner Effect

abstract:
  For extremal black holes, one can construct simpler, limiting spacetimes that
describe the geometry near degenerate horizons. Since these spacetimes are
known to have enhanced symmetry, the limiting objects coincide for different
solutions. We show that this occurs for strongly magnetised Kerr-Newman
solution, and how this is related to physical Meissner effect of expulsion of
magnetic fields from extremal black holes.


title:
Generalized holographic Ricci dark energy and generalized second law of
  thermodynamics in Bianchi Type I universe

abstract:
  Generalized second law of thermodynamics in the Bianchi type I universe with
the generalized holographic Ricci dark energy model is studied in this paper.
The behavior of dark energy's equation of state parameter indicates that it is
matter-like in the early time of the universe but phantom-like in the future.
By analysing the evolution of the deviations of state parameter and the total
pressure of the universe, we find that for an anisotropic Bianchi type I
universe, it transits from a high anisotropy stage to a more homogeneous stage
in the near past. Using the normal entropy given by Gibbs' law of
thermodynamics, it is proved that the generalized second law of thermodynamics
does not always satisfied throughout the history of the universe when we assume
the universe is enclosed by the generalized Ricci scalar radius $R_{gr}$. It
becomes invalid in the near past to the future, and the formation of the
galaxies will be helpful in explaining such phenomenon, for that the galaxies's
formation is an entropy increase process. The negative change rates of the
horizon entropy and internal entropy occur in different period indicates that
the influences of galaxies formation is wiped from internal to the universe's
horizon.


title: Fusing defect for the N=2 super sinh-Gordon model

abstract:
  In this paper we derive the type-II integrable defect for the N = 2
supersymmetric sinh-Gordon (sshG) model by using the fusing procedure. In
particular, we show explicitly the conservation of the modified energy,
momentum and supercharges.


title:
3-Loop Corrections to the Heavy Flavor Wilson Coefficients in
  Deep-Inelastic Scattering

abstract:
  A survey is given on the status of 3-loop heavy flavor corrections to
deep-inelastic structure functions at large enough virtualities $Q^2$.


title:
Dynamical screening in correlated electron systems - from lattice models
  to realistic materials

abstract:
  Recent progress in treating the dynamically screened nature of the Coulomb
interaction in strongly correlated lattice models and materials is reviewed
with a focus on computational schemes based on the dynamical mean field
approximation. We discuss approximate and exact methods for the solution of
impurity models with retarded interactions, and explain how these models appear
as auxiliary problems in various extensions of the dynamical mean field
formalism. The current state of the field is illustrated with results from
recent applications of these schemes to U-V Hubbard models and correlated
materials.


title: Improving Vertebra Segmentation through Joint Vertebra-Rib Atlases

abstract:
  Accurate spine segmentation allows for improved identification and
quantitative characterization of abnormalities of the vertebra, such as
vertebral fractures. However, in existing automated vertebra segmentation
methods on computed tomography (CT) images, leakage into nearby bones such as
ribs occurs due to the close proximity of these visibly intense structures in a
3D CT volume. To reduce this error, we propose the use of joint vertebra-rib
atlases to improve the segmentation of vertebrae via multi-atlas joint label
fusion. Segmentation was performed and evaluated on CTs containing 106 thoracic
and lumbar vertebrae from 10 pathological and traumatic spine patients on an
individual vertebra level basis. Vertebra atlases produced errors where the
segmentation leaked into the ribs. The use of joint vertebra-rib atlases
produced a statistically significant increase in the Dice coefficient from 92.5
$\pm$ 3.1% to 93.8 $\pm$ 2.1% for the left and right transverse processes and a
decrease in the mean and max surface distance from 0.75 $\pm$ 0.60mm and 8.63
$\pm$ 4.44mm to 0.30 $\pm$ 0.27mm and 3.65 $\pm$ 2.87mm, respectively.


title:
A Gain Function for Architectural Decision-Making in Scientific
  Computing

abstract:
  Scientific Computing typically requires large computational needs which have
been addressed with High Performance Distributed Computing. It is essential to
efficiently deploy a number of complex scientific applications, which have
different characteristics, and so require distinct computational resources too.
However, in many research laboratories, this high performance architecture is
not dedicated. So, the architecture must be shared to execute a set of
scientific applications, with so many different execution times and relative
importance to research. Also, the high performance architectures have different
characteristics and costs. When a new infrastructure has to be acquired to meet
the needs of this scenario, the decision-making is hard and complex. In this
work, we present a Gain Function as a model of an utility function, with which
it is possible a decision-making with confidence. With the function is possible
to evaluate the best architectural option taking into account aspects of
applications and architectures, including the executions time, cost of
architecture, the relative importance of each application and also the relative
importance of performance and cost on the final evaluation. This paper presents
the Gain Function, examples, and a real case showing their applicabilities.


title: Information processing and Fechner's problem as a choice of arithmetic

abstract:
  Fechner's law and its modern generalizations can be regarded as
manifestations of alternative forms of arithmetic, coexisting at stimulus and
sensation levels. The world of sensations may be thus described by a
generalization of the standard mathematical calculus.


title: A lattice in a residually non-Desarguesian $\tilde A_2$-building

abstract:
  We build a building of type $\tilde A_2$ and a discrete group of
automorphisms acting simply transitively on its set of vertices. The
characteristic feature of this building is that its rank 2 residues are
isomorphic to the Hughes projective plane of order 9, which is
non-Desarguesian. This solves a problem asked by W. Kantor in 1986, as well as
a question asked by J. Howie in 1989.


title: Zeros of modular forms of half integral weight

abstract:
  We study canonical bases for spaces of weakly holomorphic modular forms of
level 4 and weights in $\mathbb{Z}+\frac{1}{2}$ and show that almost all
modular forms in these bases have the property that many of their zeros in a
fundamental domain for $\Gamma_0(4)$ lie on a lower boundary arc of the
fundamental domain. Additionally, we show that at many places on this arc, the
generating function for Hurwitz class numbers is equal to a particular mock
modular Poincar\'{e} series, and show that for positive weights, a particular
set of Fourier coefficients of cusp forms in this canonical basis cannot
simultaneously vanish.