title:
Mossbauer experiments in a rotating system: The so-called
  "synchronization effect" to explain the extra energy shift between emitted
  and absorbed radiation constitutes a complete failure

abstract:
  We show that a new attempt by C. Corda to once more rehash his so-called
"synchronization effect" in order to account for the origin of the extra energy
shift between emitted and absorbed radiation in Mossbauer rotor experiments (C.
Corda, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, doi: 10.1142/S0218271819501311) is yet again
erroneous, just as were his previous attempts (Ann. Phys. 355, 360 (2015); Ann.
Phys. 368, 258 (2016); Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 27, 1847016 (2018)). The correct
approach presented herein with regards to the calculation of the energy shift
between emitted and absorbed radiation in a rotating system leads to, as a
matter of fact, no specific "synchronization effect".


title: Measurements of photon and jet production properties with ATLAS

abstract:
  Summary of recent ATLAS measurements of jet and photon production using
proton-proton (pp) collisions from the Large Hadron Collider. The
charged-particle multiplicity in jets, and jet charge measurements are
presented using 8 TeV pp collisions. Differential measurements of jet and
photon cross-sections are shown for 7, 8 and 13 TeV pp collisions.


title:
Reaching the Peak of the quasar spectral energy distribution - II.
  Exploring the accretion disc, dusty torus and host galaxy

abstract:
  We continue our study of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 11 AGN
at 1.5 < z < 2.2, with optical-NIR spectra, X-ray data and mid-IR photometry.
In a previous paper we presented the observations and models; in this paper we
explore the parameter space of these models. We first quantify uncertainties on
the black hole masses (M$_{\rm BH}$) and degeneracies between SED parameters.
The effect of BH spin is tested, and we find that while low to moderate spin
values (a$_*$ $\leq$ 0.9) are compatible with the data in all cases, maximal
spin (a$_*$ = 0.998) can only describe the data if the accretion disc is
face-on. The outer accretion disc radii are well constrained in 8/11 objects,
and are found to be a factor ~5 smaller than the self-gravity radii. We then
extend our modelling campaign into the mid-IR regime with WISE photometry,
adding components for the host galaxy and dusty torus. Our estimates of the
host galaxy luminosities are consistent with the M$_{\rm BH}$-bulge
relationship, and the measured torus properties (covering factor and
temperatures) are in agreement with earlier work, suggesting a predominantly
silicate-based grain composition. Finally, we deconvolve the optical-NIR
spectra using our SED continuum model. We claim that this is a more physically
motivated approach than using empirical descriptions of the continuum such as
broken power-laws. For our small sample, we verify previously noted
correlations between emission linewidths and luminosities commonly used for
single-epoch M$_{\rm BH}$ estimates, and observe a statistically significant
anti-correlation between [O III] equivalent width and AGN luminosity.


title:
Measurements of differential cross sections for associated production of
  a W boson and jets in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

abstract:
  Differential cross sections for a W boson produced in association with jets
are measured in a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass
energy of 8 TeV recorded with the CMS detector and corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns. The W bosons are identified
through their decay mode W to mu nu. The cross sections are reported as
functions of jet multiplicity, transverse momenta, and the scalar sum of jet
transverse momenta (HT) for different jet multiplicities. Distributions of the
angular correlations between the jets and the muon are examined, as well as the
average number of jets as a function of HT and as a function of angular
variables. The measured differential cross sections are compared with
tree-level and higher-order recent event generators, as well as
next-to-leading-order and next-to-next-to-leading-order theoretical
predictions. The agreement of the generators with the measurements builds
confidence in their use for the simulation of W+jets background processes in
searches for new physics at the LHC.


title: Bianchi IX Cosmologies and the Golden Ratio

abstract:
  Solutions to the Einstein equations for Bianchi IX cosmologies are examined
through the use of Ellis MacCallum Wainwright (expansion-normalized) variables.
Using an iterative map derived from the Einstein equations one can construct an
infinite number of periodic solutions. The simplest periodic solutions consist
of 3-cycles. It is shown that for 3-cycles the time series of the logarithms of
the expansion-normalized spatial curvature components vs normalized time (which
is runs backwards towards the initial singularity), generates a set of
self-similar golden rectangles. In addition the golden ratio appears in other
aspects of the same time series representation.


title: Emergence of Function

abstract:
  This work gives a mathematical study of tissue dynamics. We combine
within-cell genome dynamics and diffusion between cells, where the synthesis of
the two gives rise to the emergence of function. We introduce a concept of
monotonicity and prove that monotonicity together with hardwiring, defined as
all cells of the same tissue having the same genome dynamics, is sufficient for
the global convergence of the tissue dynamics.


title:
Analytical approximate bound state solution of Schr\"odinger equation in
  $D$-dimensions with a new mixed class of potential for arbitrary $\ell$-state
  via asymptotic iteration method

abstract:
  The bound state solutions of the $D$-dimensional Schr\"{o}dinger equation for
new mixed class of potential, $V(r)=\frac{V_1}{r^2}+\frac{V_2e^{-\alpha
r}}{r}+V_3coth\alpha r+V_4\,,$ are studied within the framework of the Pekeris
approximation for any arbitrary $\ell$-state. Asymptotic iteration method (AIM)
is used for the work. The energy spectrum are obtained as well as their
corresponding normalized eigenfunctions are derived in terms of generalized
hypergeometric functions $\,_{2}F_{1}(a,b,c;z)$. It is shown that using the
Pekeris approximation, present potential model is very much capable of deriving
other well known potentials quite easily and corresponding solutions are in
excellent agreement with the previous work carried out in literature.


title: Halo ellipticity of GAMA galaxy groups from KiDS weak lensing

abstract:
  We constrain the average halo ellipticity of ~2 600 galaxy groups from the
Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey, using the weak gravitational lensing
signal measured from the overlapping Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS). To do so, we
quantify the azimuthal dependence of the stacked lensing signal around seven
different proxies for the orientation of the dark matter distribution, as it is
a priori unknown which one traces the orientation best. On small scales, the
major axis of the brightest group/cluster member (BCG) provides the best proxy,
leading to a clear detection of an anisotropic signal. In order to relate that
to a halo ellipticity, we have to adopt a model density profile. We derive new
expressions for the quadrupole moments of the shear field given an elliptical
model surface mass density profile. Modeling the signal with an elliptical
Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) profile on scales < 250 kpc, which roughly
corresponds to half the virial radius, and assuming that the BCG is perfectly
aligned with the dark matter, we find an average halo ellipticity of e_h=0.38
+/- 0.12. This agrees well with results from cold-dark-matter-only simulations,
which typically report values of e_h ~ 0.3. On larger scales, the lensing
signal around the BCGs does not trace the dark matter distribution well, and
the distribution of group satellites provides a better proxy for the halo's
orientation instead, leading to a 3--4 sigma detection of a non-zero halo
ellipticity at scales between 250 kpc and 750 kpc. Our results suggest that the
distribution of stars enclosed within a certain radius forms a good proxy for
the orientation of the dark matter within that radius, which has also been
observed in hydrodynamical simulations.


title: The Supersymmetric Effective Field Theory of Inflation

abstract:
  We construct the Supersymmetric Effective Field Theory of Inflation, that is
the most general theory of inflationary fluctuations when time-translations and
supersymmetry are spontaneously broken. The non-linear realization of these
invariances allows us to define a complete SUGRA multiplet containing the
graviton, the gravitino, the Goldstone of time translations and the Goldstino,
with no auxiliary fields. Going to a unitary gauge where only the graviton and
the gravitino are present, we write the most general Lagrangian built out of
the fluctuations of these fields, invariant under time-dependent spatial
diffeomorphisms, but softly-breaking time diffeomorphisms and gauged SUSY. With
a suitable St\"uckelberg transformation, we introduce the Goldstone boson of
time translation and the Goldstino of SUSY. No additional dynamical light field
is needed. In the high energy limit, larger than the inflationary Hubble scale
for the Goldstino, these fields decouple from the graviton and the gravitino,
greatly simplifying the analysis in this regime. We study the phenomenology of
this Lagrangian. The Goldstino can have a non-relativistic dispersion relation.
Gravitino and Goldstino affect the primordial curvature perturbations at loop
level. The UV modes running in the loops generate three-point functions which
are degenerate with the ones coming from operators already present in the
absence of supersymmetry. Their size is potentially as large as corresponding
to $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm equil.,\,orthog.}\sim 1$ or, for particular operators, even
$\gg 1$. The non-degenerate contribution from modes of order $H$ is estimated
to be very small.


title: String-Like Dual Models for Scalar Theories

abstract:
  We show that all tree-level amplitudes in $\varphi^p$ scalar field theory can
be represented as the $\alpha'\to0$ limit of an $SL(2,R)$-invariant,
string-theory-like dual model integral. These dual models are constructed
according to constraints that admit families of solutions. We derive these dual
models, and give closed formulae for all tree-level amplitudes of any
$\varphi^p$ scalar field theory.


title:
Giant Edelstein effect in Topological-Insulator--Graphene
  heterostructures

abstract:
  The control of a ferromagnet's magnetization via only electric currents
requires the efficient generation of current-driven spin-torques. In magnetic
structures based on topological insulators (TIs) current-induced spin-orbit
torques can be generated. Here we show that the addition of graphene, or
bilayer graphene, to a TI-based magnetic structure greatly enhances the
current-induced spin density accumulation and significantly reduces the amount
of power dissipated. We find that this enhancement can be as high as a factor
of 100, giving rise to a giant Edelstein effect. Such a large enhancement is
due to the high mobility of graphene (bilayer graphene) and to the fact that
the graphene (bilayer graphene) sheet very effectively screens charge
impurities, the dominant source of disorder in topological insulators. Our
results show that the integration of graphene in spintronics devices can
greatly enhance their performance and functionalities.


title: Inverse of the String Theory KLT Kernel

abstract:
  The field theory Kawai-Lewellen-Tye (KLT) kernel, which relates scattering
amplitudes of gravitons and gluons, turns out to be the inverse of a matrix
whose components are bi-adjoint scalar partial amplitudes. In this note we
propose an analogous construction for the string theory KLT kernel. We present
simple diagrammatic rules for the computation of the $\alpha'$-corrected
bi-adjoint scalar amplitudes that are exact in $\alpha'$. We find compact
expressions in terms of graphs, where the standard Feynman propagators $1/p^2$
are replaced by either $1/\sin (\pi \alpha' p^2/2)$ or $1/\tan (\pi \alpha'
p^2/2)$, as determined by a recursive procedure. We demonstrate how the same
object can be used to conveniently expand open string partial amplitudes in a
BCJ basis.


title:
ZOMG-I. How the cosmic web inhibits halo growth and generates assembly
  bias

abstract:
  The clustering of dark matter haloes with fixed mass depends on their
formation history, an effect known as assembly bias. We use zoom N -body
simulations to investigate the origin of this phenomenon. For each halo at
redshift z=0, we determine the time in which the physical volume containing its
final mass becomes stable. We consider five examples for which this happens at
z~1.5 and two that do not stabilize by z=0. The zoom simulations show that
early-collapsing haloes do not grow in mass at z=0 while late-forming ones show
a net inflow. The reason is that 'accreting' haloes are located at the nodes of
a network of thin filaments feeding them. Conversely, each 'stalled' halo lies
within a prominent filament that is thicker than the halo size. Infalling
material from the surroundings becomes part of the filament while matter within
it recedes from the halo. We conclude that assembly bias originates from
quenching halo growth due to tidal forces following the formation of non-linear
structures in the cosmic web, as previously conjectured in the literature. Also
the internal dynamics of the haloes change: the velocity anisotropy profile is
biased towards radial (tangential) orbits in accreting (stalled) haloes. Our
findings reveal the cause of the yet unexplained dependence of halo clustering
on the anisotropy. Finally, we extend the excursion-set theory to account for
these effects. A simple criterion based on the ellipticity of the linear tidal
field combined with the spherical collapse model provides excellent predictions
for both classes of haloes.


title:
When the Jeans don't fit: How stellar feedback drives stellar kinematics
  and complicates dynamical modeling in low-mass galaxies

abstract:
  In low-mass galaxies, stellar feedback can drive gas outflows that generate
non-equilibrium fluctuations in the gravitational potential. Using cosmological
zoom-in baryonic simulations from the Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE)
project, we investigate how these fluctuations affect stellar kinematics and
the reliability of Jeans dynamical modeling in low-mass galaxies. We find that
stellar velocity dispersion and anisotropy profiles fluctuate significantly
over the course of galaxies' starburst cycles. We therefore predict an
observable correlation between star formation rate and stellar kinematics:
dwarf galaxies with higher recent star formation rates should have systemically
higher stellar velocity dispersions. This prediction provides an observational
test of the role of stellar feedback in regulating both stellar and dark-matter
densities in dwarf galaxies. We find that Jeans modeling, which treats galaxies
as virialized systems in dynamical equilibrium, overestimates a galaxy's
dynamical mass during periods of post-starburst gas outflow and underestimates
it during periods of net inflow. Short-timescale potential fluctuations lead to
typical errors of $\sim 20\%$ in dynamical mass estimates, even if full
3-dimensional stellar kinematics -- including the orbital anisotropy -- are
known exactly. When orbital anisotropy is $\textit{not}$ known a priori,
typical mass errors arising from non-equilibrium fluctuations in the potential
are larger than those arising from the mass-anisotropy degeneracy. However,
Jeans modeling alone $\textit{cannot}$ reliably constrain the orbital
anisotropy, and problematically, it often favors anisotropy models that do not
reflect the true profile. If galaxies completely lose their gas and cease
forming stars, fluctuations in the potential subside, and Jeans modeling
becomes much more reliable.


title: Sine-Gordon Theory : Entanglement entropy and holography

abstract:
  We compute change in entanglement entropy for a single interval in $1+1$
dimensional sine-Gordon model perturbatively in the coupling. The sine-Gordon
perturbation can be thought of as deformation of the free CFT by a primary
operator with dimension $\Delta$. In an independent computation we calculate
holographic entanglement entropy for that interval from three dimensional bulk
AdS which has a massive scalar with its mass satisfying $m^2=
\Delta(\Delta-2)$. We show that the two results match for near-marginal
perturbations upto leading order in the coupling.


title:
Pulsar timing can constrain primordial black holes in the LIGO mass
  window

abstract:
  The recent discovery of gravitational waves from merging black holes has
generated interest in primordial black holes as a possible component of the
dark matter. In this paper, we show that pulsar timing may soon have sufficient
data to constrain $1$-$1000\,M_{\odot}$ primordial black holes via the
non-detection of a third-order Shapiro time delay as the black holes move
around the Galactic halo. We present the results of a Monte Carlo simulation
which suggests that future data from known pulsars may be capable of
constraining the PBH density more stringently than other existing methods in
the mass range ~1-30$\,M_{\odot}$. We find that timing new pulsars discovered
using the proposed Square Kilometre Array may constrain primordial black holes
in this mass range to comprise less than ~1-10% of the dark matter.


title:
The coronagraphic Modal Wavefront Sensor: a hybrid focal-plane sensor
  for the high-contrast imaging of circumstellar environments

abstract:
  The raw coronagraphic performance of current high-contrast imaging
instruments is limited by the presence of a quasi-static speckle (QSS)
background, resulting from instrumental non-common path errors (NCPEs). Rapid
development of efficient speckle subtraction techniques in data reduction has
enabled final contrasts of up to 10-6 to be obtained, however it remains
preferable to eliminate the underlying NCPEs at the source. In this work we
introduce the coronagraphic Modal Wavefront Sensor (cMWS), a new wavefront
sensor suitable for real-time NCPE correction. This pupil-plane optic combines
the apodizing phase plate coronagraph with a holographic modal wavefront
sensor, to provide simultaneous coronagraphic imaging and focal-plane wavefront
sensing using the science point spread function. We first characterise the
baseline performance of the cMWS via idealised closed-loop simulations, showing
that the sensor successfully recovers diffraction-limited coronagraph
performance over an effective dynamic range of +/-2.5 radians root-mean-square
(RMS) wavefront error within 2-10 iterations. We then present the results of
initial on-sky testing at the William Herschel Telescope, and demonstrate that
the sensor is able to retrieve injected wavefront aberrations to an accuracy of
10nm RMS under realistic seeing conditions. We also find that the cMWS is
capable of real-time broadband measurement of atmospheric wavefront variance at
a cadence of 50Hz across an uncorrected telescope sub-aperture. When combined
with a suitable closed-loop adaptive optics system, the cMWS holds the
potential to deliver an improvement in raw contrast of up to two orders of
magnitude over the uncorrected QSS floor. Such a sensor would be eminently
suitable for the direct imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets with both
existing and future instruments, including EPICS and METIS for the E-ELT.


title: Cosmological $N$-body simulations including radiation perturbations

abstract:
  Cosmological $N$-body simulations are the standard tool to study the
emergence of the observed large-scale structure of the Universe. Such
simulations usually solve for the gravitational dynamics of matter within the
Newtonian approximation, thus discarding general relativistic effects such as
the coupling between matter and radiation ($\equiv$ photons and neutrinos). In
this paper we investigate novel hybrid simulations which incorporate
interactions between radiation and matter to the leading order in General
Relativity, whilst evolving the matter dynamics in full non-linearity according
to Newtonian theory. Our hybrid simulations come with a relativistic space-time
and make it possible to investigate structure formation in a unified framework.
In the present work we focus on simulations initialized at $z=99$, and show
that the extracted matter power spectrum receives up to $3\%$ corrections on
very large scales through radiation. Our numerical findings compare favourably
with linear analytical results from Fidler et al. (2016), from which we deduce
that there cannot be any significant non-linear mode-coupling induced through
linear radiation corrections.


title: A method to find $\mathcal{N}=1$ AdS$_4$ vacua in type IIB

abstract:
  In this paper, we are looking for $\mathcal{N}=1$, AdS$_4$ sourceless vacua
in type IIB. While several examples exist in type IIA , there exists only one
example of such vacua in type IIB . Thanks to the framework of generalized
geometry we were able to devise a semi-algorithmical method to look for
sourceless vacua. We present this method, which can easily be generalized to
more complex cases, and give two new vacua in type IIB.


title: A Neural Decoder for Topological Codes

abstract:
  We present an algorithm for error correction in topological codes that
exploits modern machine learning techniques. Our decoder is constructed from a
stochastic neural network called a Boltzmann machine, of the type extensively
used in deep learning. We provide a general prescription for the training of
the network and a decoding strategy that is applicable to a wide variety of
stabilizer codes with very little specialization. We demonstrate the neural
decoder numerically on the well-known two dimensional toric code with
phase-flip errors.


title: Revisiting the Dark Matter - Comet Shower Connection

abstract:
  We revisit the question of whether the observed periodicity of comet impacts
on Earth is consistent with Solar oscillation about the Galactic midplane and
spiral arm crossings, here in the context of dissipative dark matter models.
Consider whether a hypothetical thin dark disk, a signature of these models, is
necessary to give the right periodicity, and whether such a dark disk is
allowed given kinematic and other observational constraints on the Galaxy's
gravitational potential, taking into account recent updates of these limits
based on the vertical epicyclic oscillations of the tracer populations. Our
analysis contains updated parameters for the Galactic disk, a self-consistent
gravitational potential under the Poisson-Jeans equations, and includes prior
probabilities from local stellar kinematics and the distribution of Milky Way
interstellar gas. Moreover, our analysis also includes radial oscillations and
Galactic spiral arm crossings. We find a dark disk explanation for the comet
periodicity to be 10 times more likely than a constant average rate model.
Moreover, we find that spiral arm crossing is necessary to correctly predict
the date of the Chicxulub crater dated to 66 My ago.


title:
Power-law decay exponents: a dynamical criterion for predicting
  thermalization

abstract:
  From the analysis of the relaxation process of isolated lattice many-body
quantum systems quenched far from equilibrium, we deduce a criterion for
predicting when they are certain to thermalize. It is based on the algebraic
behavior $\propto t^{-\gamma}$ of the survival probability at long times. We
show that the value of the power-law exponent $\gamma$ depends on the shape and
filling of the weighted energy distribution of the initial state. Two scenarios
are explored in details: $\gamma \ge 2$ and $\gamma <1$. Exponents $\gamma \ge
2$ imply that the energy distribution of the initial state is ergodically
filled and the eigenstates are uncorrelated, so thermalization is guaranteed to
happen. In this case, the power-law behavior is caused by bounds in the energy
spectrum. Decays with $\gamma < 1$ emerge when the energy eigenstates are
correlated and signal lack of ergodicity. They are typical of systems
undergoing localization due to strong onsite disorder and are found also in
clean integrable systems.


title:
Envelope time reversal of optical pulses following frequency conversion
  with accelerating quasi-phase-matching

abstract:
  It is shown theoretically that the use of accelerating spatiotemporal
quasi-phase-matching (QPM) modulation patterns in media with parametric optical
interactions makes it possible to generate a time-reversed replica of the pump
pulse envelope in a frequency converted signal. The conversion is dependent on
the group-velocity mismatch between the fundamental and up-converted harmonics,
and controlled by the acceleration rate (chirp) of the QPM phase pattern.
Analytical results are corroborated by numerical simulations.


title:
Approximate but accurate quantum dynamics from the Mori formalism: II.
  Equilibrium correlation functions

abstract:
  The ability to efficiently and accurately calculate equilibrium time
correlation functions of many-body condensed phase quantum systems is one of
the outstanding problems in theoretical chemistry. The Nakajima-Zwanzig-Mori
formalism coupled to the self-consistent solution of the memory kernel has
recently proven to be highly successful for the computation of nonequilibrium
dynamical averages. Here, we extend this formalism to treat symmetrized
equilibrium time correlation functions for the spin-boson model. Following the
first paper in this series [A. Montoya-Castillo and D. R. Reichman, J. Chem.
Phys. $\bf{144}$, 184104 (2016)], we use a Dyson-type expansion of the
projected propagator to obtain a self-consistent solution for the memory kernel
that requires only the calculation of normally evolved auxiliary kernels. We
employ the approximate mean-field Ehrenfest method to demonstrate the
feasibility of this approach. Via comparison with numerically exact results for
the correlation function $\mathcal{C}_{zz}(t) = \mathrm{Re}\langle
\sigma_z(0)\sigma_z(t)\rangle$, we show that the current scheme affords
remarkable boosts accuracy and efficiency over bare Ehrenfest dynamics. We
further explore the sensitivity of the resulting dynamics to the type of kernel
closures and the accuracy of the initial canonical density operator.


title:
Path integral approach to the Wigner representation of canonical density
  operators for discrete systems coupled to harmonic baths

abstract:
  We derive a semi-analytical form for the Wigner transform for the canonical
density operator of a discrete system coupled to a harmonic bath based on the
path integral expansion of the Boltzmann factor. The introduction of this
simple and controllable approach allows for the exact rendering of the
canonical distribution and permits systematic convergence of static properties
with respect to the number of path integral steps. In additions, the
expressions derived here provide an exact and facile interface with quasi- and
semi-classical dynamical methods, which enables the direct calculation of
equilibrium time correlation functions within a wide array of approaches. We
demonstrate that the present method represents a practical path for the
calculation of thermodynamic data for the spin-boson and related systems. We
illustrate the power of the present approach by detailing the improvement of
the quality of Ehrenfest theory for the correlation function
$\mathcal{C}_{zz}(t) = \mathrm{Re}\langle \sigma_z(0)\sigma_z(t)\rangle$ for
the spin-boson model with systematic convergence to the exact sampling
function. Importantly, the numerically exact nature of the scheme presented
here and its compatibility with semiclassical methods allows for the systematic
testing of commonly used approximations for the Wigner-transformed canonical
density.


title: Ultrafine Entanglement Witnessing

abstract:
  Entanglement witnesses are invaluable for efficient quantum entanglement
certification without the need for expensive quantum state tomography. Yet,
standard entanglement witnessing requires multiple measurements and its bounds
can be elusive as a result of experimental imperfections. Here we introduce and
demonstrate a novel procedure for entanglement detection which seamlessly and
easily improves any standard witnessing procedure by using additional available
information to tighten the witnessing bounds. Moreover, by relaxing the
requirements on the witness operators, our method removes the general need for
the difficult task of witness decomposition into local observables. We
experimentally demonstrate entanglement detection with our approach using a
separable test operator and a simple fixed measurement-device for each agent.
Finally we show that the method can be generalized to higher-dimensional and
multipartite cases with a complexity that scales linearly with the number of
parties.


title: A proposal for the thermodynamics of certain open systems

abstract:
  Motivated by the fact that the (inverse) temperature might be a function of
the energy levels in the Planck distribution
$n_\epsilon=\frac1{\zeta^{-1}e^{\beta(\epsilon)\epsilon}-1}$ for the occupation
number $n_\epsilon$ of the level $\epsilon$, we show that it can be naturally
achieved by imposing the constraint concerning the conservation of a weighted
sum $\sum_{\epsilon}f(\epsilon)\epsilon n_\epsilon$, with a fixed positive
weight function $f$, of the contributions of the single energy levels
occupation in the Microcanonical Ensemble scheme, obtaining
$\beta(\epsilon)\propto f(\epsilon)$. This immediately addresses the
possibility that also a weighted sum $\sum_{\epsilon}g(\epsilon)n_\epsilon$ of
the particles occupation number is conserved, having as a consequence that the
chemical potential might be a function of the energy levels of the system as
well. This scheme leads to a thermodynamics of open systems in the following
way: the equilibrium is reached when the entropy function is maximised under
the constraints that some weighed sums of occupation of the energy levels and
the occupation numbers are conserved.
  The standard case of isolated systems corresponds to the weight functions
being trivial (i.e. $f, g$ are identically 1). For such open systems, new and
unexpected phenomena which might happen in nature can appear, like the Bose
Einstein Condensation in excited levels. The ideas outlined in the present
paper may provide a new approach for the treatment of the irreversible
thermodynamics.


title: Feedback traps for virtual potentials

abstract:
  Feedback traps are tools for trapping and manipulating single charged
objects, such as molecules in solution. An alternative to optical tweezers and
other single-molecule techniques, they use feedback to counteract the Brownian
motion of a molecule of interest. The trap first acquires information about a
molecule's position and then applies an electric feedback force to move the
molecule. Since electric forces are stronger than optical forces at small
scales, feedback traps are the best way to trap single molecules without
"touching" them. Feedback traps can do more than trap molecules: They can also
subject a target object to forces that are calculated to be the gradient of a
desired potential function U(x). If the feedback loop is fast enough, it
creates a virtual potential whose dynamics will be very close to those of a
particle in an actual potential U(x). But because the dynamics are entirely a
result of the feedback loop--absent the feedback, there is only an object
diffusing in a fluid--we are free to specify and then manipulate in time an
arbitrary potential U(x,t). Here, we review recent applications of feedback
traps to studies on the fundamental connections between information and
thermodynamics, a topic where feedback plays an even more-fundamental role. We
discuss how recursive maximum likelihood techniques allow continuous
calibration, to compensate for drifts in experiments that last for days. We
consider ways to estimate work and heat to a precision of 0.03 kT over these
long experiments. Finally, we compare work and heat measurements of the costs
of information erasure, the Landauer limit of kT ln2 per bit of information
erased. We argue that when you want to know the average heat transferred to a
bath in a long protocol, you should measure instead the average work and then
infer the heat using the first law of thermodynamics.


title: Quantum resource theories in the single-shot regime

abstract:
  One of the main goals of any resource theory such as entanglement, quantum
thermodynamics, quantum coherence, and asymmetry, is to find necessary and
sufficient conditions (NSC) that determine whether one resource can be
converted to another by the set of free operations. Here we find such NSC for a
large class of quantum resource theories which we call affine resource theories
(ART). ARTs include the resource theories of athermality, asymmetry, and
coherence, but not entanglement. Remarkably, the NSC can be expressed as a
family of inequalities between resource monotones (quantifiers) that are given
in terms of the conditional min entropy. The set of free operations is taken to
be (1) the maximal set (i.e. consists of all resource non-generating (RNG)
quantum channels) or (2) the self-dual set of free operations (i.e. consists of
all RNG maps for which the dual map is also RNG). As an example, we apply our
results to quantum thermodynamics with Gibbs preserving operations, and several
other ARTs. Finally, we discuss the applications of these results to resource
theories that are not affine, and along the way, provide the NSC that a quantum
resource theory consists of a resource destroying map.


title: Synchronised Swimming of Two Fish

abstract:
  We study the fluid dynamics of two fish-like bodies with synchronised
swimming patterns. Our studies are based on two-dimensional simulations of
viscous incompressible flows. We distinguish between motion patterns that are
externally imposed on the swimmers and self-propelled swimmers that learn
manoeuvres to achieve certain goals. Simulations of two rigid bodies executing
pre-specified motion indicate that flow-mediated interactions can lead to
substantial drag reduction and may even generate thrust intermittently. In turn
we examine two self-propelled swimmers arranged in a leader-follower
configuration, with a-priori specified body-deformations. We find that the
swimming of the leader remains largely unaffected, while the follower
experiences either an increase or decrease in swimming speed, depending on the
initial conditions. Finally, we consider a follower that synchronises its
motion so as to minimise its lateral deviations from the leader's path. The
leader employs a steady gait while the follower uses a reinforcement learning
algorithm to adapt its swimming-kinematics. We find that swimming in a
synchronised tandem can yield up to about 30% reduction in energy expenditure
for the follower, in addition to a 20% increase in its swimming-efficiency. The
present results indicate that synchronised swimming of two fish can be
energetically beneficial.


title:
Upper limits on the mass and luminosity of Population III-dominated
  galaxies

abstract:
  We here derive upper limits on the mass and luminosity of Population III
(POPIII) dominated proto-galaxies based on the collapse of primordial gas under
the effect of angular momentum loss via Ly$\alpha$ radiation drag and the gas
accretion onto a galactic centre. Our model predicts that POPIII-dominated
galaxies at z ~ 7 are hosted by haloes with $M_{\rm halo} \sim 1.5 \times
10^{8} - 1.1 \times 10^{9} \rm ~M_{\odot}$, that they have Ly$\alpha$
luminosities of $L_{\rm Ly\alpha} \sim 3.0 \times 10^{42} - 2.1 \times 10^{43}$
erg/s, stellar mass of $M_{\rm star} \sim 0.8 \times 10^{5} - 2.5 \times 10^{6}
\rm ~M_{\odot}$, and outflowing gas with velocities $V_{\rm out} \sim 40$ km/s
due to Ly$\alpha$ radiation pressure. We show that the POPIII galaxy candidate
CR7 violates the derived limits on stellar mass and Ly$\alpha$ luminosity and
thus is unlikely to be a POPIII galaxy. POPIII-dominated galaxies at z ~ 7 have
HeII line emission that is ~1- 3 orders of magnitude lower then that of
Ly$\alpha$, they have high Ly$\alpha$ equivalent width of > 300 $\AA$ and
should be found close to bright star forming galaxies. The HeII 1640 $\AA$ line
is in comfortable reach of next generation telescopes, like the JWST or TMT.


title: The Baum-Connes property for a quantum (semi-)direct product

abstract:
  The well known "associativity property" of the crossed product by a
semi-direct product of discrete groups is generalized into the context of
discrete \emph{quantum} groups. This decomposition allows to define an
appropriate triangulated functor relating the Baum-Connes property for the
quantum semi-direct product to the Baum-Connes property for the discrete
quantum groups involved in the construction. The corresponding stability result
for the Baum-Connes property generalizes a result of J. Chabert for a quantum
semi-direct product under torsion-freeness assumption. The $K$-amenability
connexion between the discrete quantum groups involved in the construction is
investigated as well as the torsion phenomena. The analogous strategy can be
applied for the dual of a quantum direct product. In this case, we obtain, in
addition, a connection with the \emph{K\"{u}nneth formula}, which is the
quantum counterpart to a result of J. Chabert, S. Echterhoff and H.
Oyono-Oyono. Again the $K$-amenability connexion between the discrete quantum
groups involved in the construction is investigated as well as the torsion
phenomena.


title:
Consequences of a Distant Massive Planet on the Large Semi-major Axis
  Trans-Neptunian Objects

abstract:
  We explore the distant giant planet hypothesis by integrating the large
semi-major axis, large pericenter Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) in the
presence of the giant planets and an external perturber whose orbit is
consistent with the proposed distant, eccentric, and inclined giant planet, so
called planet 9. We find that TNOs with semi-major axes greater than 250 au
experience some longitude of perihelion shepherding, but that a generic outcome
of such evolutions is that the TNOs evolve to larger pericenter orbits, and
commonly get raised to retrograde inclinations. This pericenter and inclination
evolution requires a massive disk of TNOs (tens of M$_\Earth$) in order to
explain the detection of the known sample today. Some of the highly inclined
orbits produced by the examined perturbers will be inside of the orbital
parameter space probed by prior surveys, implying a missing signature of the
9th planet scenario. The distant giant planet scenarios explored in this work
do not reproduce the observed signal of simultaneous clustering in argument of
pericenter, longitude of the ascending node, and longitude of perihelion in the
region of the known TNOs.


title: Dark Vibronic Polaritons and the Spectroscopy of Organic Microcavities

abstract:
  Organic microcavities are photonic nanostructures that strongly confine the
electromagnetic field, allowing exotic quantum regimes of light-matter
interaction with disordered organic semiconductors. The unambiguous
interpretation of the spectra of organic microcavities has been a long-standing
challenge due to several competing effects involving electrons, vibrations and
cavity photons. Here we present a theoretical framework that is able to
describe the main spectroscopic features of organic microcavities consistently.
We introduce a class of light-matter excitations called dark vibronic
polaritons, which strongly emit but only weakly absorb light in the same
frequency region of the bare electronic transition. Successful comparison with
experimental data demonstrates the applicability of our theory. The proposed
microscopic understanding of organic microcavities paves the way for the
development of optoelectronic devices enhanced by quantum optics.


title: On Near Perfect Numbers

abstract:
  The study of perfect numbers (numbers which equal the sum of their proper
divisors) goes back to antiquity, and is responsible for some of the oldest and
most popular conjectures in number theory. We investigate a generalization
introduced by Pollack and Shevelev: $k$-near-perfect numbers. These are
examples to the well-known pseudoperfect numbers first defined by Sierpi\'nski,
and are numbers such that the sum of all but at most $k$ of its proper divisors
equals the number. We establish their asymptotic order for all integers $k\ge
4$, as well as some properties of related quantities.


title: Overcrowding drives the unjamming transition of gap-free monolayers

abstract:
  Collective cell motility plays central roles in various biological phenomena
such as inflammatory response, wound healing, cancer metastasis and
embryogenesis. These are biological demonstrations of the unjamming transition.
However, contradictory to the typical density-driven jamming processes in
particulate assemblies, cellular systems often get unjammed in highly packed,
sometimes overcrowding tissue environments. In this work, we report that
overcrowding can unjam gap-free monolayers through increasing isotropic
compression. The transition boundary is determined by the isotropic compression
and the cell-cell adhesion. We explicitly construct the free energy landscape
for the T1 topological transition during monolayer rearrangement, and find that
it evolves from single-barrier shape to double-barrier shape upon completion of
the unjamming process. Our analyses reveal that the overcrowding and adhesion
induced unjamming transition reflects the mechanical yielding of the highly
deformable monolayer, which differs from those caused by loosing up a packed
particulate assembly.


title: The Influence of Streamlined Music on Cognition and Mood

abstract:
  Recent advances in sound engineering have led to the development of so-called
streamlined music designed to reduce exogenous attention and improve endogenous
attention. Although anecdotal reports suggest that streamlined music does
indeed improve focus on daily work tasks and may improve mood, the specific
influences of streamlined music on cognition and mood have yet to be examined.
In this paper, we report the results of a series of online experiments that
examined the impact of one form of streamlined music on cognition and mood. The
tested form of streamlined music, which was tested primarily by listeners who
felt they benefited from this type of music, significantly outperformed plain
music on measures of perceived focus, task persistence, precognition, and
creative thinking, with borderline effects on mood. In contrast, this same form
of streamlined music did not significantly influence measures assessing visual
attention, verbal memory, logical thinking, self-efficacy, perceived stress, or
self-transcendence. We also found that improvements in perceived focus over a
2-month period were correlated with improvements in emotional state, including
mood. Overall the results suggest that at least for individuals who enjoy using
streamlined music as a focus tool, streamlined music can have a beneficial
impact on cognition without any obvious costs, while at the same time it may
potentially boost mood.


title: Assessing Threat of Adversarial Examples on Deep Neural Networks

abstract:
  Deep neural networks are facing a potential security threat from adversarial
examples, inputs that look normal but cause an incorrect classification by the
deep neural network. For example, the proposed threat could result in
hand-written digits on a scanned check being incorrectly classified but looking
normal when humans see them. This research assesses the extent to which
adversarial examples pose a security threat, when one considers the normal
image acquisition process. This process is mimicked by simulating the
transformations that normally occur in acquiring the image in a real world
application, such as using a scanner to acquire digits for a check amount or
using a camera in an autonomous car. These small transformations negate the
effect of the carefully crafted perturbations of adversarial examples,
resulting in a correct classification by the deep neural network. Thus just
acquiring the image decreases the potential impact of the proposed security
threat. We also show that the already widely used process of averaging over
multiple crops neutralizes most adversarial examples. Normal preprocessing,
such as text binarization, almost completely neutralizes adversarial examples.
This is the first paper to show that for text driven classification,
adversarial examples are an academic curiosity, not a security threat.


title: Weakly Radon-Nikod\'ym Boolean algebras and independent sequences

abstract:
  A compact space is said to be weakly Radon-Nikod\'{y}m (WRN) if it can be
weak*-embedded into the dual of a Banach space not containing $\ell_1$. We
investigate WRN Boolean algebras, i.e. algebras whose Stone space is WRN
compact. We show that the class of WRN algebras and the class of minimally
generated algebras are incomparable. In particular, we construct a minimally
generated nonWRN Boolean algebra whose Stone space is a separable Rosenthal
compactum, answering in this way a question of W. Marciszewski.
  We also study questions of J. Rodr\'{i}guez and R. Haydon concerning measures
and the existence of nontrivial convergent sequences on WRN compacta, obtaining
partial results on some natural subclasses.


title:
Different roles for inhibition in the rhythm-generating respiratory
  network

abstract:
  Unraveling the interplay of excitation and inhibition within
rhythm-generating networks remains a fundamental issue in neuroscience. We use
a biophysical model to investigate the different roles of local and long-range
inhibition in the respiratory network, a key component of which is the
pre-B\"otzinger complex inspiratory microcircuit. Increasing inhibition within
the microcircuit results in a limited number of out-of-phase neurons before
rhythmicity and synchrony degenerate. Thus, unstructured local inhibition is
destabilizing and cannot support the generation of more than one rhythm. A
two-phase rhythm requires restructuring the network into two microcircuits
coupled by long-range inhibition in the manner of a half-center. In this
context, inhibition leads to greater stability of the two out-of-phase rhythms.
We support our computational results with in vitro recordings from mouse
pre-B\"otzinger complex. Partial excitation block leads to increased rhythmic
variability, but this recovers following blockade of inhibition. Our results
support the idea that local inhibition in the pre-B\"otzinger complex is
present to allow for descending control of synchrony or robustness to adverse
conditions like hypoxia. We conclude that the balance of inhibition and
excitation determines the stability of rhythmogenesis, but with opposite roles
within and between areas. These different inhibitory roles may apply to a
variety of rhythmic behaviors that emerge in widespread pattern generating
circuits of the nervous system.


title:
Orthogonal bases for transportation polytopes applied to Latin squares,
  magic squares and Sudoku boards

abstract:
  We give a simple construction of an orthogonal basis for the space of m by n
matrices with row and column sums equal to zero. This vector space corresponds
to the affine space naturally associated with the Birkhoff polytope,
contingency tables and Latin squares. We also provide orthogonal bases for the
spaces underlying magic squares and Sudoku boards. Our construction combines
the outer (i.e., tensor or dyadic) product on vectors with certain rooted,
vector-labeled, binary trees. Our bases naturally respect the decomposition of
a vector space into centrosymmetric and skew-centrosymmetric pieces; the bases
can be easily modified to respect the usual matrix symmetry and skew-symmetry
as well.


title:
Cost minimization of network services with buffer and end-to-end
  deadline constraints

abstract:
  Cloud computing technology provides the means to share physical resources
among multiple users and data center tenants by exposing them as virtual
resources. There is a strong industrial drive to use similar technology and
concepts to provide timing sensitive services. One such is virtual networking
services, so called services chains, which consist of several interconnected
virtual network functions. This allows for the capacity to be scaled up and
down by adding or removing virtual resources. In this work, we develop a model
of a service chain and pose the dynamic allocation of resources as an
optimization problem. We design and present a set of strategies to allot
virtual network nodes in an optimal fashion subject to latency and buffer
constraints.


title: Improved phase-unwrapping method using geometric constraints

abstract:
  Conventional dual-frequency fringe projection algorithm often suffers from
phase unwrapping failure when the frequency ratio between the high frequency
and the low one is too large. Zhang et.al. proposed an enhanced two-frequency
phase-shifting method to use geometric constraints of digital fringe
projection(DFP) to reduce the noise impact due to the large frequency ratio.
However, this method needs to calibrate the DFP system and calculate the
minimum phase map at the nearest position from the camera perspective, these
procedures are are relatively complex and more time-cosuming. In this paper, we
proposed an improved method, which eliminates the system calibration and
determination in Zhang's method,meanwhile does not need to use the low
frequency fringe pattern. In the proposed method,we only need a set of high
frequency fringe patterns to measure the object after the high frequency is
directly estimated by the experiment. Thus the proposed method can simplify the
procedure and improve the speed. Finally, the experimental evaluation is
conducted to prove the validity of the proposed method.The results demonstrate
that the proposed method can overcome the main disadvantages encountered by
Zhang's method.


title: Scattering intensity limit value at very small angles

abstract:
  The existence of the limit of a sample scattering intensity, as the
scattering vector approaches zero, requires and is ensured by the property that
the mean value of the scattering density fluctuation over volume $V$
asymptotically behaves, at large $V$s, as $\nu V^{-1/2}$, $\nu$ being an
appropriate constant. Then, the limit of the normalized scattering intensity is
equal to $\nu^2$. The implications of this result are also analyzed in the case
of samples made up of two homogeneous phases.16 pages, 3 figures


title:
Nanoscale distribution of magnetic anisotropies in bimagnetic soft
  core-hard shell MnFe$_2$O$_4$@CoFe$_2$O$_4$ nanoparticles

abstract:
  The nanoscale distribution of magnetic anisotropies was measured in
core@shell MnFe$_2$O$_4$@CoFe$_2$O$_4$ 7.0 nm particles using a combination of
element selective magnetic spectroscopies with different probing depths. As
this picture is not accessible by any other technique, emergent magnetic
properties were revealed. The coercive field is not constant in a whole
nanospinel. The very thin (0.5 nm) CoFe$_2$O$_4$ hard shell imposes a strong
magnetic anisotropy to the otherwise very soft MnFe$_2$O$_4$ core: a large
gradient in coercivity was measured inside the MnFe$_2$O$_4$ core with lower
values close to the interface region, while the inner core presents a
substantial coercive field (0.54 T) and a very high remnant magnetization (90%
of the magnetization at saturation).


title: The Preferential Tidal Stripping of Dark Matter versus Stars in Galaxies

abstract:
  Using high resolution hydrodynamical cosmological simulations, we conduct a
comprehensive study of how tidal stripping removes dark matter and stars from
galaxies. We find that dark matter is always stripped far more significantly
than the stars -- galaxies that lose $\sim$80$\%$ of their dark matter,
typically lose only 10$\%$ of their stars. This is because the dark matter halo
is initially much more extended than the stars. As such, we find the
stellar-to-halo size-ratio (measured using r$_{\rm{eff}}$/r$_{\rm{vir}}$) is a
key parameter controlling the relative amounts of dark matter and stellar
stripping. We use simple fitting formulae to measure the relation between the
fraction of bound dark matter and fraction of bound stars. We measure a
negligible dependence on cluster mass or galaxy mass. Therefore these formulae
have general applicability in cosmological simulations, and are ideal to
improve stellar stripping recipes in semi-analytical models, and/or to estimate
the impact that tidal stripping would have on galaxies when only their halo
mass evolution is known.


title: Fast, Scalable Phrase-Based SMT Decoding

abstract:
  The utilization of statistical machine translation (SMT) has grown enormously
over the last decade, many using open-source software developed by the NLP
community. As commercial use has increased, there is need for software that is
optimized for commercial requirements, in particular, fast phrase-based
decoding and more efficient utilization of modern multicore servers.
  In this paper we re-examine the major components of phrase-based decoding and
decoder implementation with particular emphasis on speed and scalability on
multicore machines. The result is a drop-in replacement for the Moses decoder
which is up to fifteen times faster and scales monotonically with the number of
cores.


title: Smooth Surfaces in Smooth Fourfolds with Vanishing First Chern Class

abstract:
  According to a conjecture attributed to Hartshorne and Lichtenbaum and proven
by Ellingsrud and Peskine, the smooth rational surfaces in $\mathbb{P}^4$
belong to only finitely many families. We formulate and study a collection of
analogous problems in which $\mathbb{P}^4$ is replaced by a smooth fourfold $X$
with vanishing first integral Chern class. We embed such $X$ into a smooth
ambient variety and count families of smooth surfaces which arise in $X$ from
the ambient variety. We obtain various finiteness results in such settings. The
central technique is the introduction of a new numerical invariant for smooth
surfaces in smooth fourfolds with vanishing first Chern class.


title:
On Word Equations Originated from Discrete Dynamical Systems Related to
  Antisymmetric Cubic Maps With Some Applications

abstract:
  In this article, we solve some word equations originated from discrete
dynamical systems related to antisymmetric cubic map. These equations emerge
when we work with primitive and greatest words. We conclude with some
applications


title:
Fermionic spectral functions in backreacting p-wave superconductors at
  finite temperature

abstract:
  We investigate the spectral function of fermions in a $p$-wave
superconducting state, at finite both temperature and gravitational coupling,
using the $AdS/CFT$ correspondence and extending previous research. We found
that, for any coupling below a critical value, the system behaves as its zero
temperature limit. By increasing the coupling, the "peak-dip-hump" structure
that characterizes the spectral function at fixed momenta disappears. In the
region where the normal/superconductor phase transition is first order, the
presence of a non-zero order parameter is reflected in the absence of
rotational symmetry in the fermionic spectral function at the critical
temperature.


title:
A low upper mass limit for the central black hole in the late-type
  galaxy NGC 4414

abstract:
  We present our mass estimate of the central black hole in the isolated spiral
galaxy NGC 4414. Using natural guide star adaptive optics assisted observations
with the Gemini Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectrometer (NIFS) and the
natural seeing Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs-North (GMOS), we derived
two-dimensional stellar kinematic maps of NGC 4414 covering the central 1.5
arcsec and 10 arcsec, respectively, at a NIFS spatial resolution of 0.13
arcsec. The kinematic maps reveal a regular rotation pattern and a central
velocity dispersion dip down to around 105 km/s. We constructed dynamical
methods using two different methods: Jeans anisotropic dynamical modeling and
axisymmetric Schwarzschild modeling. Both modeling methods give consistent
results, but we cannot constrain the lower mass limit and only measure an upper
limit for the black hole mass of Mbh= 1.56 x 10^6 Msun(at 3 sigma level) which
is at least 1 sigma below the recent Mbh-sigma_e relations. Further tests with
dark matter, mass-to-light ratio variation and different light models confirm
that our results are not dominated by uncertainties. The derived upper limit
mass is not only below the Mbh-sigma_e relation, but is also five times lower
than the lower limit black hole mass anticipated from the resolution limit of
the sphere of influence. This proves that via high quality integral field data
we are now able to push black hole measurements down to at least five times
less than the resolution limit.


title:
Observations of Rotating Radio Transients with the First Station of the
  Long Wavelength Array

abstract:
  Rotating Radio Transients (RRATs) are a subclass of pulsars first identified
in 2006 that are detected only in searches for single pulses and not through
their time averaged emission. Here, we present the results of observations of
19 RRATs using the first station of the Long Wavelength Array (LWA1) at
frequencies between 30 MHz and 88 MHz. The RRATs observed here were first
detected in higher frequency pulsar surveys. Of the 19 RRATs observed, 2
sources were detected and their dispersion measures, periods, pulse profiles,
and flux densities are reported and compared to previous higher frequency
measurements. We find a low detection rate (11%), which could be a combination
of the lower sensitivity of LWA1 compared to the higher frequency telescopes,
and the result of scattering by the interstellar medium or a spectral turnover.


title: Non-Archimedean H\'enon maps, attractors, and horseshoes

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of the H\'enon map defined over complete, locally
compact non-Archimedean fields of odd residue characteristic. We establish
basic properties of its one-sided and two-sided filled Julia sets, and we
determine, for each H\'enon map, whether these sets are empty or nonempty,
whether they are bounded or unbounded, and whether they are equal to the unit
ball or not. On a certain region of the parameter space we show that the filled
Julia set is an attractor. We prove that, for infinitely many distinct H\'enon
maps over ${\mathbb Q}_3$, this attractor is infinite and supports an SRB-type
measure describing the distribution of all nearby forward orbits. We include
some numerical calculations which suggest the existence of such infinite
attractors over ${\mathbb Q}_5$ and ${\mathbb Q}_7$ as well. On a different
region of the parameter space, we show that the H\'enon map is topologically
conjugate on its filled Julia set to the two-sided shift map on the space of
bisequences in two symbols.


title: Tensor Computation: A New Framework for High-Dimensional Problems in EDA

abstract:
  Many critical EDA problems suffer from the curse of dimensionality, i.e. the
very fast-scaling computational burden produced by large number of parameters
and/or unknown variables. This phenomenon may be caused by multiple spatial or
temporal factors (e.g. 3-D field solvers discretizations and multi-rate circuit
simulation), nonlinearity of devices and circuits, large number of design or
optimization parameters (e.g. full-chip routing/placement and circuit sizing),
or extensive process variations (e.g. variability/reliability analysis and
design for manufacturability). The computational challenges generated by such
high dimensional problems are generally hard to handle efficiently with
traditional EDA core algorithms that are based on matrix and vector
computation. This paper presents "tensor computation" as an alternative general
framework for the development of efficient EDA algorithms and tools. A tensor
is a high-dimensional generalization of a matrix and a vector, and is a natural
choice for both storing and solving efficiently high-dimensional EDA problems.
This paper gives a basic tutorial on tensors, demonstrates some recent examples
of EDA applications (e.g., nonlinear circuit modeling and high-dimensional
uncertainty quantification), and suggests further open EDA problems where the
use of tensor computation could be of advantage.


title: Generalized and Extended Product Codes

abstract:
  Generalized Product (GPC) Codes, an unification of Product Codes and
Integrated Interleaved (II) Codes, are presented. Applications for approaches
requiring local and global parities are described. The more general problem of
extending product codes by adding global parities is studied and an upper bound
on the minimum distance of such codes is obtained. Codes with one, two and
three global parities whose minimum distances meet the bound are presented.
Tradeoffs between optimality and field size are discussed.


title: Hierarchical Clustering Given Confidence Intervals of Metric Distances

abstract:
  This paper considers metric spaces where distances between a pair of nodes
are represented by distance intervals. The goal is to study methods for the
determination of hierarchical clusters, i.e., a family of nested partitions
indexed by a resolution parameter, induced from the given distance intervals of
the metric spaces. Our construction of hierarchical clustering methods is based
on defining admissible methods to be those methods that abide to the axioms of
value - nodes in a metric space with two nodes are clustered together at the
convex combination of the distance bounds between them - and transformation -
when both distance bounds are reduced, the output may become more clustered but
not less. Two admissible methods are constructed and are shown to provide
universal upper and lower bounds in the space of admissible methods. Practical
implications are explored by clustering moving points via snapshots and by
clustering networks representing brain structural connectivity using the lower
and upper bounds of the network distance. The proposed clustering methods
succeed in identifying underlying clustering structures via the maximum and
minimum distances in all snapshots, as well as in differentiating brain
connectivity networks of patients from those of healthy controls.


title: Koszulity for graded skew PBW extensions

abstract:
  Pre-Koszul and Koszul algebras were defined by Priddy. There exist some
relations between these algebras and the skew PBW extensions defined. We have
established conditions to guarantee that skew PBW extensions over fields it
turns out homogeneous pre-Koszul or Koszul algebra. In this paper we complement
these results defining graded skew PBW extensions and showing that if R is a
finite presented Koszul K-algebra then every graded skew PBW extension of R is
Koszul.


title: Perspectives on Surgical Data Science

abstract:
  The availability of large amounts of data together with advances in
analytical techniques afford an opportunity to address difficult challenges in
ensuring that healthcare is safe, effective, efficient, patient-centered,
equitable, and timely. Surgical care and training stand to tremendously gain
through surgical data science. Herein, we discuss a few perspectives on the
scope and objectives for surgical data science.


title:
Rainbows without unicorns: Metric structures in theories with Modified
  Dispersion Relations

abstract:
  Rainbow metrics are a widely used approach to metric formalism for theories
with Modified Dispersion Relations. They have had a huge success in the Quantum
Gravity Phenomenology literature, since they allow to introduce
momentum-dependent spacetime metrics into the description of systems with
Modified Dispersion Relation. In this paper, we introduce the reader to some
realizations of this general idea: the original Rainbow metrics proposal, the
momentum-space-inspired metric, the standard Finsler geometry approach and our
alternative definition of a four-velocity-dependent metric with a massless
limit. This paper aims to highlight some of their properties and how to
properly describe their relativistic realizations.


title: Lower Bound For Dilatations

abstract:
  We prove a new lower bound for the dilatation of an arbitrary pseudo-Anosov
map on a surface of genus g with n punctures. Our bound improves the former
super-exponential dependence on the genus by a polynomial dependence.


title: High-throughput first principles search for new ferroelectrics

abstract:
  We use a combination of symmetry analysis and high-throughput density
functional theory calculations to search for new ferroelectric materials. We
use two search strategies to identify candidate materials. In the first
strategy, we start with non-polar materials and look for unrecognized
energy-lowering polar distortions. In the second strategy, we consider polar
materials and look for related higher symmetry structures. In both cases, if we
find new structures with the correct symmetries that are also close in energy
to experimentally known structures, then the material is likely to be
switchable in an external electric field, making it a candidate ferroelectric.
We find sixteen candidate materials, with variety of properties that are rare
in typical ferroelectrics, including large polarization, hyperferroelectricity,
antiferroelectricity, and multiferroism.


title:
On the calculation of second-order magnetic properties using subsystem
  approaches in the relativistic framework

abstract:
  We report an implementation of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shielding
($\sigma$), isotope-independent indirect spin-spin coupling ($K$) and the
magnetizability ($\xi$) tensors in the frozen density embedding (FDE) scheme
using the four-component (4c) relativistic Dirac--Coulomb (DC) Hamiltonian and
the non-collinear spin density functional theory (SDFT). The formalism takes
into account the magnetic balance between the large and the small components of
molecular spinors and assures the gauge-origin independence of NMR shielding
and magnetizability results. This implementation has been applied to
hydrogen-bonded HXH$\cdots$OH$_2$ complexes (X = Se, Te, Po) and compared with
the supermolecular calculations and with the approach based on the integration
of the magnetically induced current density vector. A comparison with the
approximate Zeroth-Order Regular Approximation (ZORA) Hamiltonian indicates
non-negligible differences in $\sigma$ and $K$ in the HPoH$\cdots$OH$_2$
complex, and calls for a thourough comparison of ZORA and DC in the description
of environment effects on NMR parameters for molecular systems with heavy
elements.


title:
Augmented Reality with Hololens: Experiential Architectures Embedded in
  the Real World

abstract:
  Early hands-on experiences with the Microsoft Hololens augmented/mixed
reality device are reported and discussed, with a general aim of exploring
basic 3D visualization. A range of usage cases are tested, including data
visualization and immersive data spaces, in-situ visualization of 3D models and
full scale architectural form visualization. Ultimately, the Hololens is found
to provide a remarkable tool for moving from traditional visualization of 3D
objects on a 2D screen, to fully experiential 3D visualizations embedded in the
real world.


title:
Homotopical Complexity of a Billiard Flow on the 3D Flat Torus with Two
  Cylindrical Obstacles

abstract:
  We study the homotopical rotation vectors and the homotopical rotation sets
for the billiard flow on the unit flat torus with two, disjoint and orthogonal
cylindrical scatterers removed from it.
  The natural habitat for these objects is the infinite cone erected upon the
Cantor set $\text{Ends}(G)$ of all "ends" of the hyperbolic group
$G=\pi_1(\mathbf{Q})$. An element of $\text{Ends}(G)$ describes the direction
in (the Cayley graph of) the group $G$ in which the considered trajectory
escapes to infinity, whereas the height function $s$ ($s\ge 0$) of the cone
gives us the average speed at which this escape takes place.
  The main results of this paper claim that the orbits can only escape to
infinity at a speed not exceeding $\sqrt{3}$, and in any direction
$e\in\text{Ends}(\pi_1(\mathcal{Q}))$ the escape is feasible with any
prescribed speed $s$, $0\leq s\leq\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{3}}$. This means
that the radial upper and lower bounds for the rotation set $R$ are actually
pretty close to each other. Furthermore, we prove the convexity of the set $AR$
of constructible rotation vectors, and that the set of rotation vectors of
periodic orbits is dense in $AR$. We also provide effective lower and upper
bounds for the topological entropy of the studied billiard flow.


title: Vortex-antivortex pairs induced by curvature in toroidal nanomagnets

abstract:
  We show that the curvature of nanomagnets can be used to induce chiral
textures in the magnetization field. Among the phenomena related to the
interplay between geometry and magnetic behavior at nanomagnets, an effective
curvature-induced chiral interaction has been recently predicted. In this work,
it is shown that a magnetization configuration consisting of two structures
with opposite winding numbers (vortex and antivortex) appear as remanent states
in hollow toroidal nanomagnets. It is shown that these topological
configurations are a result of a chiral interaction induced by curvature. In
this way, the obtained results present a new form to produce stable vortices
and antivortices by using nanomagnets with variable curvature.


title: A Bump in the Blue Axion Isocurvature Spectrum

abstract:
  Blue axion isocurvature perturbations are both theoretically well-motivated
and interesting from a detectability perspective. These power spectra
generically have a break from the blue region to a flat region. Previous
investigations of the power spectra were analytic, which left a gap in the
predicted spectrum in the break region due to the non-applicability of the used
analytic techniques. We therefore compute the isocurvature spectrum numerically
for an explicit supersymmetric axion model. We find a bump that enhances the
isocurvature signal for this class of scenarios. A fitting function of three
parameters is constructed that fits the spectrum well for the particular axion
model we study. This fitting function should be useful for blue isocurvature
signal hunting in data and making experimental sensitivity forecasts.


title:
Time-reversal symmetric work distributions for closed quantum dynamics
  in the histories framework

abstract:
  A central topic in the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics is the
definition of thermodynamic work in the quantum regime. One widely used
solution is to define work for a closed system undergoing non-equilibrium
dynamics according to the two-point energy measurement scheme. However, due to
the invasive nature of measurement the two-point quantum work probability
distribution leads to inconsistencies with two pillars of thermodynamics: it
breaks the first law and the time-reversal symmetry expected for closed
dynamics. We here introduce the quantum histories framework as a method to
characterise the thermodynamic properties of the unmeasured, closed dynamics.
Extending the classical phase space trajectories to continuous power operator
trajectories allows us to derive an alternative quantum work distribution for
closed quantum dynamics that fulfils the first law and is time-reversal
symmetric. We find that the work distribution of the unmeasured dynamics leads
to deviations from the classical Jarzynski equality and can have negative
values highlighting distinctly non-classical features of quantum work.


title: Sim-to-Real Robot Learning from Pixels with Progressive Nets

abstract:
  Applying end-to-end learning to solve complex, interactive, pixel-driven
control tasks on a robot is an unsolved problem. Deep Reinforcement Learning
algorithms are too slow to achieve performance on a real robot, but their
potential has been demonstrated in simulated environments. We propose using
progressive networks to bridge the reality gap and transfer learned policies
from simulation to the real world. The progressive net approach is a general
framework that enables reuse of everything from low-level visual features to
high-level policies for transfer to new tasks, enabling a compositional, yet
simple, approach to building complex skills. We present an early demonstration
of this approach with a number of experiments in the domain of robot
manipulation that focus on bridging the reality gap. Unlike other proposed
approaches, our real-world experiments demonstrate successful task learning
from raw visual input on a fully actuated robot manipulator. Moreover, rather
than relying on model-based trajectory optimisation, the task learning is
accomplished using only deep reinforcement learning and sparse rewards.


title:
Quasiparticle explanation of "weak thermalization" regime under quench
  in a non-integrable quantum spin chain

abstract:
  Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis provides one picture of thermalization
in a quantum system by looking at individual eigenstates. However, it is also
important to consider how local observables reach equilibrium values
dynamically. Quench protocol is one of the settings to study such questions. A
recent numerical study [Ba\~{n}uls, Cirac, and Hastings, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106,
050405 (2011)] of a nonintegrable quantum Ising model with longitudinal field
under such quench setting found different behaviors for different initial
quantum states. One particular case called "weak thermalization" regime showed
apparently persistent oscillations of some observables. Here we provide an
explanation of such oscillations. We note that the corresponding initial state
has low energy density relative to the ground state of the model. We then use
perturbation theory near the ground state and identify the oscillation
frequency as essentially a quasiparticle gap. With this quasiparticle picture,
we can then address the long-time behavior of the oscillations. Upon making
additional approximations which intuitively should only make thermalization
weaker, we argue that the oscillations nevertheless decay in the long time
limit. As part of our arguments, we also consider a quench from a BEC to a
hard-core boson model in one dimension. We find that the expectation value of a
single-boson creation operator oscillates but decays exponentially in time,
while a pair-boson creation operator has oscillations with a $t^{-3/2}$ decay
in time. We also study dependence of the decay time on the density of bosons in
the low-density regime and use this to estimate decay time for oscillations in
the original spin model.


title: Near atomically smooth alkali antimonide photocathode thin films

abstract:
  Nano-roughness limits the emittance of electron beams that can be generated
by high efficiency photocathodes, such as the thermally reacted alkali
antimonide thin films. However there is an urgent need for photocathodes that
can produce an order of magnitude or more lower emittance than present day
systems in order to increase the transverse coherence width of the electron
beam. In this paper we demonstrate a method for producing alkali antimonide
cathodes with near atomic smoothness with high reproducibility.


title:
Incompressible Modes Excited by Supersonic Shear in Boundary Layers:
  Acoustic CFS Instability

abstract:
  We present an instability for exciting incompressible modes (e.g. gravity or
Rossby modes) at the surface of a star accreting through a boundary layer. The
instability excites a stellar mode by sourcing an acoustic wave in the disk at
the boundary layer, which carries a flux of energy and angular momentum with
the opposite sign as the energy and angular momentum density of the stellar
mode. We call this instability the acoustic CFS instability, because of the
direct analogy to the Chandrasekhar-Friedman-Schutz instability for exciting
modes on a rotating star by emission of energy in the form of gravitational
waves. However, the acoustic CFS instability differs from its gravitational
wave counterpart in that the fluid medium in which the acoustic wave propagates
(i.e.\ the accretion disk) typically rotates faster than the star in which the
incompressible mode is sourced. For this reason, the instability can operate
even for a non-rotating star in the presence of an accretion disk. We discuss
applications of our results to high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in
accreting black hole and neutron star systems and dwarf nova oscillations in
cataclysmic variables.


title:
Unfolding knots by proteasome-like systems: simulations of the behaviour
  of folded and neurotoxic proteins

abstract:
  Knots in proteins have been proposed to resist proteasomal degradation. Ample
evidence associates proteasomal degradation with neurodegeneration. One
interesting possibility is that indeed knotted conformers stall this machinery
leading to toxicity. However, although the proteasome is known to unfold
mechanically its substrates, at present there are no experimental methods to
emulate this particular traction geometry. Here, we consider several dynamical
models of the proteasome in which the complex is represented by an effective
potential with an added pulling force. This force is meant to induce
translocation of a protein or a polypeptide into the catalytic chamber. The
force is either constant or applied periodically. The translocated proteins are
modelled in a coarse-grained fashion. We do comparative analysis of several
knotted globular proteins and the transiently knotted polyglutamine tracts of
length 60 alone and fused in exon 1 of the huntingtin protein. Huntingtin is
associated with Huntington disease, a well-known genetically-determined
neurodegenerative disease. We show that the presence of a knot hinders and
sometimes even jams translocation. We demonstrate that the probability to do so
depends on the protein, the model of the proteasome, the magnitude of the
pulling force, and the choice of the pulled terminus. In any case, the net
effect would be a hindrance in the proteasomal degradation process in the cell.
This would then yield toxicity \textit{via} two different mechanisms: one
through toxic monomers compromising degradation and another by the formation of
toxic oligomers. Our work paves the way to the mechanistic investigation of the
mechanical unfolding of knotted structures by the proteasome and its relation
to toxicity and disease.


title:
Complex angular momenta approach for scattering problems in the presence
  of both monopoles and short range potentials

abstract:
  It is analyzed the quantum mechanical scattering off a topological defect
(such as a Dirac monopole) as well as a Yukawa-like potential(s) representing
the typical effects of strong interactions. This system, due to the presence of
a short-range potential, can be analyzed using the powerful technique of the
complex angular momenta which, so far, has not been employed in the presence of
monopoles (nor of other topological solitons). Due to the fact that spatial
spherical symmetry is achieved only up to internal rotations, the partial wave
expansion becomes very similar to the Jacob-Wick helicity amplitudes for
particles with spin. However, since the angular-momentum operator has an extra
"internal" contribution, fixed cuts in the complex angular momentum plane
appear. Correspondingly, the background integral in the Regge formula does not
decrease for large values of cos(Theta) (namely, large values of the Mandelstam
variable s). Hence, the experimental observation of this kind of behavior could
be a direct signal of non-trivial topological structures in strong
interactions. The possible relations of these results with the soft Pomeron are
shortly analyzed.


title:
Irradiation of Astrophysical Objects - SED and Flux Effects on Thermally
  Driven Winds

abstract:
  We develop a general method for the self consistent calculation of the
hydrodynamics of an astrophysical object irradiated by a radiation field with
an arbitrary strength and spectral energy distribution (SED). Using the XSTAR
photoionization code, we calculate heating and cooling rates as a function of
gas photoionization parameter and temperature for several examples of SEDs:
bremsstrahlung, blackbody, hard and soft state XRBs, Type 1 and Type 2 AGN. As
an application of our method we study the hydrodynamics of 1-dimensional
spherical winds heated by a uniform radiation field using the code Athena++. We
find that in all cases explored a wind settles into a transonic, steady state.
The wind evolves along the radiative heating equilibrium curve until adiabatic
cooling effects become important and the flow departs from radiative
equilibrium. If the flow is heated very rapidly, for example as in a thermally
unstable regime, the corresponding column density of gas is low. Perhaps one of
the most intriguing results of our work is the two stage acceleration of the
wind that happens when there are two thermally unstable regions and the flux is
relatively high. The efficiency with which the radiation field transfers energy
to the wind is dependent on the SED of the external source, particularly the
relative flux of soft X-rays. These results suggest that detailed
photoionization calculations are essential not only to predict spectra but also
to properly capture the flow dynamics.


title: The social network model on infinite graphs

abstract:
  Given an infinite connected regular graph $G=(V,E)$, place at each vertex
Pois($\lambda$) walkers performing independent lazy simple random walks on $G$
simultaneously. When two walkers visit the same vertex at the same time they
are declared to be acquainted. We show that when $G$ is vertex-transitive and
amenable, for all $\lambda>0$ a.s. any pair of walkers will eventually have a
path of acquaintances between them. In contrast, we show that when $G$ is
non-amenable (not necessarily transitive) there is always a phase transition at
some $\lambda_{c}(G)>0$. We give general bounds on $\lambda_{c}(G)$ and study
the case that $G$ is the $d$-regular tree in more details. Finally, we show
that in the non-amenable setup, for every $\lambda$ there exists a finite time
$t_{\lambda}(G)$ such that a.s. there exists an infinite set of walkers having
a path of acquaintances between them by time $t_{\lambda}(G)$.


title: Multi-focal tensors as invariant differential forms

abstract:
  For each relative $\operatorname{GL}(V)$-invariant tensor $I\in
\Lambda^{p_1+1}V^{\vee}\otimes .. \otimes \Lambda^{p_n+1}V^{\vee}$ we construct
a $\operatorname{GL}(V)$-invariant weighted differential form $\eta$ on
$(\mathbb{P} V)^{n}$. Then $\eta$ is expressed explicitly with respect to
$n$-tuples of frames for tangent spaces at points of $\mathbb{P} V$ to obtain
elements of a different tensor space. For certain invariants $I$, the resulting
elements are shown to be the multi-focal tensors appearing in the machine
vision literature (Demazure 1988, Longuet-Higgins 1981, Luong 1992, Faugeras
1993, Faugeras and Luong 2001, Hartley and Zisserman 2003). This generalizes
the 3 multi-focal varieties known in dimension $\dim V = 4$ to an infinite
collection of special tensor subvarieties. We use this framework to exhibit a
new system of degree 4 polynomial equations, reminiscent of the braid relation,
satisfied by the Euclidean trifocal variety.


title:
Fast computation of the number of solutions to $x_1^2+\cdots+x_k^2
  \equiv \lambda \pmod{n}$

abstract:
  In this paper we study the multiplicative function $\rho_{k,\lambda}(n)$ that
counts the number of incongruent solutions of the equation $x_1^2+\cdots+x_k^2
\equiv \lambda\pmod{n}$. In particular we give closed explicit formulas for
$\rho_{k,\lambda}(p^s)$ with a arithmetic complexity of constant order.


title:
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger test for multi-dimension and arbitrary time
  nodes entangled histories

abstract:
  Based on the framework of consistent history theory, the quantum entangled
history was proposed in 2015 and experimentally verified through temporal
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) test with $3$ time nodes in 2016. In this
paper, we extend the temporal GHZ test to arbitrary time nodes and even system
dimensions. Then, we define a witness to distinguish between the quantum
entangled histories and the classical histories. The minimums of the witness
for the classical histories are calculated for arbitrary number of time nodes
and the system dimensions $2$ and $\infty$. It is found that the minimums of
the witness for the classical histories is always larger than the quantum
entangled histories minimum $-1$. Only when both the number of time nodes and
system dimensions approach to infinity, the minimum of the witness for
classical and quantum entangled histories are identical.


title: Distribution free testing of grouped Bernoulli trials

abstract:
  Recently Khmaladze has shown how to `rotate' one empirical process to
another. This paper is the first to apply this transform when successive data
points are generated by a single distributional family, but with covariates
varying over the sample. The application is to Bernoulli trials, and new
results show how group sizes rotated are related to the number of parameters,
and explore the impact of different types of data generating processes. The
utility of the rotation is clear: goodness of fit tests after rotation to a
distribution free process are easily computed, show excellent convergence
properties, and exhibit high power to reject incorrect null hypotheses.


title: Twin Photon Correlations in Single-Photon Interference

abstract:
  We show that it is possible to generate a novel single-photon fringe pattern
by using two spatially separated identical bi-photon sources. The fringes are
similar to the ones observed in a Michelson interferometer and possess certain
remarkable properties with potential applications. A striking feature of the
fringes is that although the pattern is obtained by detecting only one photon
of each photon pair, the fringes shift due to a change in the optical path
traversed by the undetected photon. The fringe shift is characterized by a
combination of wavelengths of both photons, which implies that the wavelength
of a photon can be measured without detecting it. Furthermore, the visibility
of the fringes diminishes as the correlation between the transverse momenta of
twin photons decreases: visibility is unity for maximum momentum correlation
and zero for no momentum correlation. We also show that the momentum
correlation between the two photons of a pair can be determined from the
single-photon interference pattern. We thus for the first time propose a method
of measuring a two-photon correlation without coincidence or heralded
detection.


title:
Is Cyclotron Maser Emission in Solar Flares Driven by a Horseshoe
  Distribution?

abstract:
  Since the early 1980s, decimetric spike bursts have been attributed to
electron cyclotron maser emission (ECME) by the electrons that produce hard
X-ray bursts as they precipitate into the chromosphere in the impulsive phase
of a solar flare. Spike bursts are regarded as analogous to the auroral
kilometric radiation (AKR), which is associated with the precipitation of
auroral electrons in a geomagnetic substorm. Originally, a loss-cone-driven
version of ECME, developed for AKR, was applied to spike bursts, but it is now
widely accepted that a different, horseshoe-driven, version of EMCE applies to
AKR. We explore the implications of the assumption that horseshoe-driven ECME
also applies to spike bursts. We develop a 1D model for the acceleration of the
electrons by a parallel electric field, and show that under plausible
assumptions it leads to a horseshoe distribution of electrons in a solar flare.
A second requirement for horseshoe-driven ECME is an extremely low plasma
density, referred to as a density cavity. We argue that a coronal density
cavity should develop in association with a hard X-ray burst, and that such a
density cavity can overcome a long-standing problem with the escape of ECME
through the second-harmonic absorption layer. Both the horseshoe distribution
and the associated coronal density cavity are highly localized, and could not
be resolved in the statistically large number of local precipitation regions
needed to explain a hard X-ray burst. The model highlights the "number problem"
in the supply of the electrons needed to explain a hard X-ray burst.


title: Intertwined Order in a Frustrated 4-leg $t - J$ Cylinder

abstract:
  We report a density-matrix renormalization group study of the $t$-$J$ model
with nearest ($t_1$ & $J_1$) and next-nearest ($t_2$ & $J_2$) interactions on a
4-leg cylinder with concentration $\delta=1/8$ of doped holes. We observe an
astonishingly complex interplay between uniform $d$-wave superconductivity (SC)
and strong spin and charge density wave ordering tendencies (SDW and CDW).
Depending on parameters, the CDWs can be commensurate with period 4 or 8. By
comparing the charge ordering vectors with $2 k_F$, we rule out Fermi surface
nesting-induced density wave order in our model. Magnetic frustration (i.e.
$J_2/J_1 \sim 1/2$) significantly quenches SDW correlations with little effect
on the CDW. Typically, the SC order is strongly modulated at the CDW ordering
vector and exhibits $d$-wave symmetry around the cylinder. There is no evidence
of a near-degenerate tendency to pair-density wave (PDW) ordering, charge 4e
SC, or orbital current order.


title: On an epidemic model on finite graphs

abstract:
  We study a system of random walks, known as the frog model, starting from a
profile of independent Poisson($\lambda$) particles per site, with one
additional active particle planted at some vertex $\mathbf{o}$ of a finite
connected simple graph $G=(V,E)$. Initially, only the particles occupying
$\mathbf{o}$ are active. Active particles perform $t \in \mathbb{N} \cup
\{\infty \}$ steps of the walk they picked before vanishing and activate all
inactive particles they hit. This system is often taken as a model for the
spread of an epidemic over a population. Let $\mathcal{R}_t$ be the set of
vertices which are visited by the process, when active particles vanish after
$t$ steps. We study the susceptibility of the process on the underlying graph,
defined as the random quantity $\mathcal{S}(G):=\inf \{t:\mathcal{R}_t=V \}$
(essentially, the shortest particles' lifetime required for the entire
population to get infected). We consider the cases that the underlying graph is
either a regular expander or a $d$-dimensional torus of side length $n$ (for
all $d \ge 1$) $\mathbb{T}_d(n)$ and determine the asymptotic behavior of
$\mathcal{S} $ up to a constant factor. In fact, throughout we allow the
particle density $\lambda$ to depend on $n$ and for $d \ge 2$ we determine the
asymptotic behavior of $\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{T}_d(n))$ up to smaller order terms
for a wide range of $\lambda=\lambda_n$.


title: Representations of Bihom-Lie algebras

abstract:
  Bihom-Lie algebra is a generalized Hom-Lie algebra endowed with two commuting
multiplicative linear maps. In this paper, we study cohomology and
representations of Bihom-Lie algebras. In particular, derivations, central
extensions, derivation extensions, the trivial representation and the adjoint
representation of Bihom-Lie algebras are studied in detail.


title:
Electrothermal Simulation of Bonding Wire Degradation under Uncertain
  Geometries

abstract:
  In this paper, electrothermal field phenomena in electronic components are
considered. This coupling is tackled by multiphysical field simulations using
the Finite Integration Technique (FIT). In particular, the design of bonding
wires with respect to thermal degradation is investigated. Instead of resolving
the wires by the computational grid, lumped element representations are
introduced as point-to-point connections in the spatially distributed model.
Fabrication tolerances lead to uncertainties of the wires' parameters and
influence the operation and reliability of the final product. Based on
geometric measurements, the resulting variability of the wire temperatures is
determined using the stochastic electrothermal field-circuit model.


title:
Automatic Generation of Equivalent Electrothermal SPICE Netlists from 3D
  Electrothermal Field Models

abstract:
  Starting from a 3D electrothermal field problem discretized by the Finite
Integration Technique, the equivalence to a circuit description is shown by
exploiting the analogy to the Modified Nodal Analysis approach. Using this
analogy, an algorithm for the automatic generation of a monolithic SPICE
netlist is presented. Joule losses from the electrical circuit are included as
heat sources in the thermal circuit. The thermal simulation yields nodal
temperatures that influence the electrical conductivity. Apart from the used
field discretization, this approach applies no further simplifications. An
example 3D chip package is used to validate the algorithm.


title: The Short Rotation Period of Hi'iaka, Haumea's Largest Satellite

abstract:
  Hi'iaka is the larger outer satellite of the dwarf planet Haumea. Using
relative photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope and Magellan and a phase
dispersion minimization analysis, we have identified the rotation period of
Hi'iaka to be ~9.8 hrs (double-peaked). This is ~120 times faster than its
orbital period, creating new questions about the formation of this system and
possible tidal evolution. The rapid rotation suggests that Hi'iaka could have a
significant obliquity and spin precession that could be visible in light curves
within a few years. We then turn to an investigation of what we learn about the
(presently unclear) formation of the Haumea system and family based on this
unexpectedly rapid rotation rate. We explore the importance of the initial
semi-major axis and rotation period in tidal evolution theory and find they
strongly influence the time required to despin to synchronous rotation,
relevant to understanding a wide variety of satellite and binary systems. We
find that despinning tides do not necessarily lead to synchronous spin periods
for Hi'iaka, even if it formed near the Roche limit. Therefore the short
rotation period of Hi'iaka does not rule out significant tidal evolution.
Hi'iaka's spin period is also consistent with formation near its current
location and spin up due to Haumea-centric impactors.


title: Rare Association Rule Mining for Network Intrusion Detection

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a new practical association rule mining algorithm
for anomaly detection in Intrusion Detection System (IDS). First, with a view
of anomaly cases being relatively rarely occurred in network packet database,
we define a rare association rule among infrequent itemsets rather than the
traditional association rule mining method. And then, we discuss an interest
measure to catch differences between interesting relations and uninteresting
ones, and what interest there is, and develop a hash based rare association
rule mining algorithm for finding rare, but useful anomaly patterns to user.
Finally, we define a quantitative association rule in relational database,
propose a practical algorithm to mine rare association rules from network
packet database, and show advantages of it giving a concrete example. Our
algorithm can be applied to fields need to mine hidden patterns which are rare,
but valuable, like IDS, and it is based on hashing method among infrequent
itemsets, so that it has obvious advantages of speed and memory space
limitation problems over the traditional association rule mining algorithms.
Keywords: rare association mining algorithm, infrequent itemsets, quantitative
association rule, network intrusion detection system, anomaly detection


title:
Nonconservative Mass Transfer in Massive Binaries and the Formation of
  Wolf-Rayet+O Binaries

abstract:
  The mass transfer efficiency during the evolution of massive binaries is
still uncertain. We model the mass transfer processes in a grid of binaries to
investigate the formation of Wolf-Rayet+O (WR+O) binaries, taking into account
two kinds of non-conservative mass transfer models: Model I with
rotation-dependent mass accretion and Model II of half mass accretion.
Generally the mass transfer in Model I is more inefficient, with the average
efficiency in a range of $\sim0.2-0.7$ and $ \lesssim0.2 $ for Case A and Case
B mass transfer, respectively. We present the parameter distributions for the
descendant WR+O binaries. By comparing the modeled stellar mass distribution
with the observed Galactic WR+O binaries, we find that highly non-conservative
mass transfer is required.


title:
Recurrent 3D Attentional Networks for End-to-End Active Object
  Recognition

abstract:
  Active vision is inherently attention-driven: The agent actively selects
views to attend in order to fast achieve the vision task while improving its
internal representation of the scene being observed. Inspired by the recent
success of attention-based models in 2D vision tasks based on single RGB
images, we propose to address the multi-view depth-based active object
recognition using attention mechanism, through developing an end-to-end
recurrent 3D attentional network. The architecture takes advantage of a
recurrent neural network (RNN) to store and update an internal representation.
Our model, trained with 3D shape datasets, is able to iteratively attend to the
best views targeting an object of interest for recognizing it. To realize 3D
view selection, we derive a 3D spatial transformer network which is
differentiable for training with backpropagation, achieving much faster
convergence than the reinforcement learning employed by most existing
attention-based models. Experiments show that our method, with only depth
input, achieves state-of-the-art next-best-view performance in time efficiency
and recognition accuracy.