title:
On the well-posedness of solutions with finite energy for nonlocal
  equations of porous medium type

abstract:
  We study well-posedness and equivalence of different notions of solutions
with finite energy for nonlocal porous medium type equations of the form
$$\partial_tu-A\varphi(u)=0.$$ These equations are possibly degenerate
nonlinear diffusion equations with a general nondecreasing continuous
nonlinearity $\varphi$ and the largest class of linear symmetric nonlocal
diffusion operators $A$ considered so far. The operators are defined from a
bilinear energy form $\mathcal{E}$ and may be degenerate and have some
$x$-dependence. The fractional Laplacian, symmetric finite differences, and any
generator of symmetric pure jump L\'evy processes are included. The main
results are (i) an Ole\u{\i}nik type uniqueness result for energy solutions;
(ii) an existence (and uniqueness) result for distributional solutions with
finite energy; and (iii) equivalence between the two notions of solution, and
as a consequence, new well-posedness results for both notions of solutions. We
also obtain quantitative energy and related $L^p$-estimates for distributional
solutions. Our uniqueness results are given for a class of functions defined
from test functions by completion in a certain topology. We study rigorously
several cases where this space coincides with standard function spaces. In
particular, for operators comparable to fractional Laplacians, we show that
this space is a parabolic homogeneous fractional Sobolev space.


title: Current-induced giant diamagnetism in the Mott insulator Ca2RuO4

abstract:
  Mott insulators have surprised us many times by hosting new and diverse
quantum phenomena when the frozen electrons are perturbed by various stimuli.
Superconductivity, metal-insulator transition, and colossal magnetoresistance
induced by element substitution, pressure, and magnetic field are prominent
examples. Here we report a novel phenomenon, namely giant diamagnetism, in the
Mott insulator Ca2RuO4 induced by electric current. With application of 1 A/cm2
current, the strongest diamagnetism among all nonsuperconducting materials is
induced as the system is tuned to a semimetallic state. The origin lies in the
emergence of indirect Dirac cones in the many-body spectrum and associated
monopole-like anomaly in the momentum dependent susceptibility. This
record-breaking and switchable diamagnetism is a new class of non-equilibrium
quantum phenomena on the verge of Mott insulating states.


title:
An necessary condition for isoperimetric inequality in warped product
  space

abstract:
  In this note, we show that there is some counterexample for isoperimetric
inequality if the condition $(\phi')^2-\phi"\phi\leq 1$ does not hold in warped
product space.


title: Local thermomagnonic torques in two-fluid spin dynamics

abstract:
  We develop a general phenomenology describing the interplay between coherent
and incoherent dynamics in ferromagnetic insulators. Using the Onsager
reciprocity and Neumann's principle, we derive expressions for the local
thermomagnonic torques exerted by thermal magnons on the order-parameter
dynamics and the reciprocal pumping processes, which are in close analogy to
the spin-transfer torque and spin pumping at metallic interfaces. Our formalism
is applicable to general long-wavelength dynamics and, although here we
explicitly focus on ferromagnetic insulators possessing U(1) symmetry, our
approach can be easily extended to other classes of magnetic materials. As an
illustrative example, we apply our theory to investigate a domain wall floating
over a spin superfluid, whose dynamics is triggered thermally at the system's
edge. Our results demonstrate that the local pumping of coherent spin dynamics
by a thermal magnon gas offers an alternative route - with no need for
conducting components and thus devoid of Ohmic losses - for the control and
manipulation of topological solitons.


title: Unphysical source of dynamic order for the natural world

abstract:
  The well-defined but intricate course of time evolution exhibited by many
naturally occurring phenomena suggests some source of dynamic order sustaining
it. In spite of its obviousness as a problem, it has remained absent from the
scientific debate due to the lack of candidates for a proper answer. Here we
propose a general explanation based on the oscillatory possibilities of the
dynamical systems, as demonstrated with a family of differential equations
exhibiting self-sustained oscillations of unbounded complexity: complex
evolutions by nonlinear mixing of an arbitrarily large number of oscillation
modes, in which the different modes describe specific dynamical activities and
their combination articulates the interactive conjunction of such activities
into the whole functioning. The dynamical scenario is rather generic since it
is exclusively based on the reiterative occurrence of the two most standard
mechanisms of nonlinear dynamics: the saddle-node and Hopf bifurcations, and
its extraordinary richness makes feasible the well-defined occurrence of
ordered features over enormously complex dynamical activities as simply arising
from the proper structure of dynamical relations among the system components,
i.e., without requiring any other physical cause than those involved in such
relations.


title:
One step replica symmetry breaking and extreme order statistics of
  logarithmic REMs

abstract:
  Building upon the one-step replica symmetry breaking formalism, duly
understood and ramified, we show that the sequence of ordered extreme values of
a general class of Euclidean-space logarithmically correlated random energy
models (logREMs) behave in the thermodynamic limit as a randomly shifted
decorated exponential Poisson point process. The distribution of the random
shift is determined solely by the large-distance ("infra-red", IR) limit of the
model, and is equal to the free energy distribution at the critical temperature
up to a translation. the decoration process is determined solely by the
small-distance ("ultraviolet", UV) limit, in terms of the biased minimal
process. Our approach provides connections of the replica framework to results
in the probability literature and sheds further light on the freezing/duality
conjecture which was the source of many previous results for log-REMs. In this
way we derive the general and explicit formulae for the joint probability
density of depths of the first and second minima (as well its higher-order
generalizations) in terms of model-specific contributions from UV as well as IR
limits. In particular, we show that the second min statistics is largely
independent of details of UV data, whose influence is seen only through the
mean value of the gap. For a given log-correlated field this parameter can be
evaluated numerically, and we provide several numerical tests of our theory
using the circular model of $1/f$-noise.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.dis-nn math-ph math.MP


title: Geometric-optical illusions and Riemannian geometry

abstract:
  Geometric-optical illusions (GOI) are a subclass of a vast variety of visual
illusions. A special class of GOIs originates from the superposition of a
simple geometric figure ("target") with an array of non-intersecting
curvilinear elements ("context") that elicits a perceptual distortion of the
target element. Here we specifically deal with the case of circular targets.
Starting from the fact that (half)circles are geodesics in a model of
hyperbolic geometry, we conceive of the deformations of the target as resulting
from a context-induced perturbation of that "base" geometry. We present
computational methods for predicting distorted shapes of the target in
different contexts, and we report the results of a psychophysical pilot
experiment with eight subjects and four contexts to test the predictions.
Finally, we propose a common scheme for modeling GOIs associated with more
general types of target curves, subsuming those studied previously.


title: Project ACT: Social Media Analytics in Disaster Response

abstract:
  In large-scale emergencies social media has become a key source of
information for public awareness, government authorities and relief agencies.
However, the sheer volume of data and the low signal-to- noise ratio limit the
effectiveness and the efficiency of using social media as an intelligence
resource. We describe Australian Crisis Tracker (ACT), a tool designed for
agencies responding to large- scale emergency events, to facilitate the
understanding of critical information in Twitter. ACT was piloted by the
Australian Red Cross (ARC) during the 2013-2014 Australian bushfires season.
  Video is available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-1rtNFqQbE


title: Behaviour of hot electrons under the dc field in chiral carbon nanotubes

abstract:
  Behaviour of hot electrons under the influence of dc field in carbon
nanotubes is theoretically considered. The study was done semi-classically by
solving Boltzmann transport equation with the presence of the hot electrons
source to derive the current densities. Plots of the normalized axial current
density versus electric field strength of the chiral CNTs reveal a negative
differential conductivity (NDC). Unlike achiral CNTs, the NDC occurs at a low
field about $\mathrm{6\ kV/cm}$ for chiral CNT. We further observed that the
switch from NDC to PDC occurs at lower dc field in chiral CNTs than achiral
counterparts. Hence the suppression of the unwanted domain instability usually
associated with NDC and a potential generation of terahertz radiations occurs
at low electric field for chiral CNTs.


title:
Measurements of prompt charm production cross-sections in $pp$
  collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 5\,$TeV

abstract:
  Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from
$pp$ collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of $5\,$TeV. The data
sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $8.60\pm0.33\,$pb$^{-1}$
collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of $D^0$,
$D^+$, $D_s^+$, and $D^{*+}$ mesons are measured in bins of charm meson
transverse momentum, $p_{\text{T}}$, and rapidity, $y$. They cover the rapidity
range $2.0<y<4.5$ and transverse momentum ranges $0 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\,
\text{GeV}/c$ for $D^0$ and $D^+$ and $1 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c$
for $D_s^+$ and $D^{*+}$ mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four
mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of $1 <
p_{\text{T}} < 8\, \text{GeV}/c$ are determined to be
  \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^0 X) = 1004 \pm 3 \pm 54\,\mu\text{b}
  \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^+ X) = 402 \pm 2 \pm 30\,\mu\text{b}
  \sigma(pp\rightarrow D_s^+ X) = 170 \pm 4 \pm 16\,\mu\text{b}
  \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^{*+} X)= 421 \pm 5 \pm 36\,\mu\text{b} where the
uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.


title:
Localized holes and delocalized electrons in photoexcited inorganic
  perovskites: Watching each atomic actor by picosecond X-ray absorption
  spectroscopy

abstract:
  We report on an element-selective study of the fate of charge carriers in
photoexcited inorganic CsPbBr3 and CsPb(ClBr)3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) in
toluene solutions using time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy with 80 ps
time resolution. Probing the Br K-edge, the Pb L3-edge and the Cs L2-edge, we
find that holes in the valence band are localized at Br atoms, forming small
polarons, while electrons appear as delocalized in the conduction band. No
signature of either electronic or structural changes are observed at the Cs
L2-edge. The results at the Br and Pb edges suggest the existence of a weakly
localized exciton, while the absence of signatures at the Cs edge indicates
that the Cs+ cation plays no role in the charge transport, at least beyond 80
ps. These results can explain the rather modest charge carrier mobilities in
these materials.


title: Filtered K-theory for graph algebras

abstract:
  We introduce filtered algebraic $K$-theory of a ring $R$ relative to a
sublattice of ideals. This is done in such a way that filtered algebraic
$K$-theory of a Leavitt path algebra relative to the graded ideals is parallel
to the gauge invariant filtered $K$-theory for graph $C^*$-algebras. We apply
this to verify the Abrams-Tomforde conjecture for a large class of finite
graphs.


title:
Modeling dark matter subhalos in a constrained galaxy: Global mass and
  boosted annihilation profiles

abstract:
  The interaction properties of cold dark matter (CDM) particle candidates,
such as those of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), generically lead
to the structuring of dark matter on scales much smaller than typical galaxies,
potentially down to $\sim 10^{-10}M_\odot$. This clustering translates into a
very large population of subhalos in galaxies and affects the predictions for
direct and indirect dark matter searches (gamma rays and antimatter cosmic
rays). In this paper, we elaborate on previous analytic works to model the
Galactic subhalo population, while consistently with current observational
dynamical constraints on the Milky Way. In particular, we propose a
self-consistent method to account for tidal effects induced by both dark matter
and baryons. Our model does not strongly rely on cosmological simulations as
they can hardly be fully matched to the real Milky Way, but for setting the
initial subhalo mass fraction. Still, it allows to recover the main qualitative
features of simulated systems. It can further be easily adapted to any change
in the dynamical constraints, and be used to make predictions or derive
constraints on dark matter candidates from indirect or direct searches. We
compute the annihilation boost factor, including the subhalo-halo
cross-product. We confirm that tidal effects induced by the baryonic components
of the Galaxy play a very important role, resulting in a local average subhalo
mass density $\lesssim 1\%$ of the total local dark matter mass density, while
selecting in the most concentrated objects and leading to interesting features
in the overall annihilation profile in the case of a sharp subhalo mass
function. Values of global annihilation boost factors range from $\sim 2$ to
$\sim 20$, while the local annihilation rate is about half as much boosted.


title:
A high-order corrector estimate for a semi-linear elliptic system in
  perforated domains

abstract:
  We derive in this note a high-order corrector estimate for the homogenization
of a microscopic semi-linear elliptic system posed in perforated domains. The
major challenges are the presence of nonlinear volume and surface reaction
rates. This type of correctors justifies mathematically the convergence rate of
formal asymptotic expansions for the two-scale homogenization settings. As main
tool, we follow the standard approach by the energy-like method to investigate
the error estimate between the micro and macro concentrations and micro and
macro concentration gradients. This work aims at generalizing the results
reported in [2, 7].


title:
Scalar field self-force effects on a particle orbiting a
  Reissner-Nordstrom black hole

abstract:
  Scalar field self-force effects on a scalar charge orbiting a
Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole are investigated. The scalar wave equation is
solved analytically in a post-Newtonian framework, and the solution is used to
compute the self-field as well as the components of the self-force at the
particle's location up to 7.5 post-Newtonian order. The energy fluxes radiated
to infinity and down the hole are also evaluated. Comparison with previous
numerical results in the Schwarzschild case shows a good agreement in both
strong-field and weak-field regimes.


title:
The properties of nuclear matter with lattice $NN$ potential in
  relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory

abstract:
  We study the properties of nuclear matter with lattice nucleon-nucleon ($NN$)
potential in the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) theory. To use this
potential in such a microscopic many-body theory, we firstly have to construct
a one-boson-exchange potential (OBEP) based on the latest lattice $NN$
potential. Three mesons, pion, $\sigma$ meson, and $\omega$ meson, are
considered. Their coupling constants and cut-off momenta are determined by
fitting the on-shell behaviors and phase shifts of the lattice force,
respectively. Therefore, we obtain two parameter sets of the OBEP potential
(named as LOBEP1 and LOBEP2) with these two fitting ways. We calculate the
properties of symmetric and pure neutron matter with LOBEP1 and LOBEP2. In
non-relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock case, the binding energies of symmetric
nuclear matter are around $-3$ and $-5$ MeV at saturation densities, while it
becomes $-8$ and $-12$ MeV in relativistic framework with $^1S_0,~^3S_1,$ and
$^3D_1$ channels using our two parameter sets. For the pure neutron matter, the
equations of state in non-relativistic and relativistic cases are very similar
due to only consideration $^1S_0$ channel with isospin $T=1$ case.


title: Weakly supervised learning of actions from transcripts

abstract:
  We present an approach for weakly supervised learning of human actions from
video transcriptions. Our system is based on the idea that, given a sequence of
input data and a transcript, i.e. a list of the order the actions occur in the
video, it is possible to infer the actions within the video stream, and thus,
learn the related action models without the need for any frame-based
annotation. Starting from the transcript information at hand, we split the
given data sequences uniformly based on the number of expected actions. We then
learn action models for each class by maximizing the probability that the
training video sequences are generated by the action models given the sequence
order as defined by the transcripts. The learned model can be used to
temporally segment an unseen video with or without transcript. We evaluate our
approach on four distinct activity datasets, namely Hollywood Extended, MPII
Cooking, Breakfast and CRIM13. We show that our system is able to align the
scripted actions with the video data and that the learned models localize and
classify actions competitively in comparison to models trained with full
supervision, i.e. with frame level annotations, and that they outperform any
current state-of-the-art approach for aligning transcripts with video data.


title: Note on the semi-continuity of the algebraic dimension

abstract:
  In this short Note we show that the direct image sheaf R 1 $\pi$ * (O X)
associated to an analytic family of compact complex manifolds $\pi$ : X
$\rightarrow$ S parametrized by a reduced complex space S is a locally free
(coherent) sheaf of O S --modules. This result allows to improve a
semi-continuity type result for the algebraic dimension of compact complex
manifolds in an analytic family given in [B.15].
  AMS Classification 2010. 32G05-32A20-32J10.


title:
Surface Conductivity of Si(100) and Ge(100) Surfaces Determined from
  Four-Point Transport Measurements Using an Analytical N-Layer Conductance
  Model

abstract:
  An analytical N-layer model for charge transport close to a surface is
derived from the solution of Poisson's equation and used to describe
distance-dependent electrical four-point measurements on the microscale. As the
N-layer model comprises a surface channel, multiple intermediate layers and a
semi-infinite bulk, it can be applied to semiconductors in combination with a
calculation of the near-surface band-bending to model very precisely the
measured four-point resistance on the surface of a specific sample and to
extract a value for the surface conductivity. For describing four-point
measurements on sample geometries with mixed 2D-3D conduction channels often a
very simple parallel-circuit model has so far been used in the literature, but
the application of this model is limited, as there are already significant
deviations, when it is compared to the lowest possible case of the N-layer
model, i.e. the 3-layer model. Furthermore, the N-layer model is applied to
published distance-dependent four-point resistance measurements obtained with a
multi-tip scanning tunneling microscope (STM) on Germanium(100) and
Silicon(100) with different bulk doping concentrations resulting in the
determination of values for the surface conductivities of these materials.


title: Picard group of the forms of the affine line and of the additive group

abstract:
  We obtain an explicit upper bound on the torsion of the Picard group of the
forms of the affine line and their regular completions. We also obtain a
sufficient condition for the Picard group of the forms of the affine line to be
non trivial and we give examples of non trivial forms of the affine line with
trivial Picard groups.


title:
Scale genesis and gravitational wave in a classically scale invariant
  extension of the standard model

abstract:
  We assume that the origin of the electroweak (EW) scale is a gauge-invariant
scalar-bilinear condensation in a strongly interacting non-abelian gauge
sector, which is connected to the standard model via a Higgs portal coupling.
The dynamical scale genesis appears as a phase transition at finite
temperature, and it can produce a gravitational wave (GW) background in the
early Universe. We find that the critical temperature of the scale phase
transition lies above that of the EW phase transition and below few $O(100)$
GeV and it is strongly first-order. We calculate the spectrum of the GW
background and find the scale phase transition is strong enough that the GW
background can be observed by DECIGO.


title: Temporal Ensembling for Semi-Supervised Learning

abstract:
  In this paper, we present a simple and efficient method for training deep
neural networks in a semi-supervised setting where only a small portion of
training data is labeled. We introduce self-ensembling, where we form a
consensus prediction of the unknown labels using the outputs of the
network-in-training on different epochs, and most importantly, under different
regularization and input augmentation conditions. This ensemble prediction can
be expected to be a better predictor for the unknown labels than the output of
the network at the most recent training epoch, and can thus be used as a target
for training. Using our method, we set new records for two standard
semi-supervised learning benchmarks, reducing the (non-augmented)
classification error rate from 18.44% to 7.05% in SVHN with 500 labels and from
18.63% to 16.55% in CIFAR-10 with 4000 labels, and further to 5.12% and 12.16%
by enabling the standard augmentations. We additionally obtain a clear
improvement in CIFAR-100 classification accuracy by using random images from
the Tiny Images dataset as unlabeled extra inputs during training. Finally, we
demonstrate good tolerance to incorrect labels.


title: On subsequences of quiddity cycles and Nichols algebras

abstract:
  We provide a tool to obtain local descriptions of quiddity cycles. As an
application, we classify rank two affine Nichols algebras of diagonal type.


title: The Tensor Network Theory Library

abstract:
  In this technical paper we introduce the Tensor Network Theory (TNT) library
-- an open-source software project aimed at providing a platform for rapidly
developing robust, easy to use and highly optimised code for TNT calculations.
The objectives of this paper are (i) to give an overview of the structure of
TNT library, and (ii) to help scientists decide whether to use the TNT library
in their research. We show how to employ the TNT routines by giving examples of
ground-state and dynamical calculations of one-dimensional bosonic lattice
systems. We also discuss different options for gaining access to the software
available at http://www.tensornetworktheory.org.


title:
Convergence of the Yang-Mills-Higgs flow on gauged holomorphic maps and
  applications

abstract:
  The symplectic vortex equations admit a variational description as global
minimum of the Yang-Mills-Higgs functional. We study its negative gradient flow
on holomorphic pairs $(A,u)$ where $A$ is a connection on a principal
$G$-bundle $P$ over a closed Riemann surface $\Sigma$ and $u: P \rightarrow X$
is an equivariant map into a K\"ahler Hamiltonian $G$-manifold. The connection
$A$ induces a holomorphic structure on the K\"ahler fibration $P\times_G X$ and
we require that $u$ descends to a holomorphic section of this fibration.
  We prove a Lojasiewicz type gradient inequality and show uniform convergence
of the negative gradient flow in the $W^{1,2}\times W^{2,2}$-topology when $X$
is equivariantly convex at infinity with proper moment map, $X$ is
holomorphically aspherical and its K\"ahler metric is analytic.
  As applications we establish several results inspired by finite dimensional
GIT: First, we prove a certain uniqueness property for the critical points of
the Yang-Mills-Higgs functional which is the analogue of the Ness uniqueness
theorem. Second, we extend Mundet's Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence to the
polystable and semistable case. The arguments for the polystable case lead to a
new proof in the stable case. Third, in proving the semistable correspondence,
we establish the moment-weight inequality for the vortex equation and prove the
analogue of the Kempf existence and uniqueness theorem.


title: Absolutely summing Carleson embeddings on Hardy spaces

abstract:
  We consider the Carleson embeddings of the classical Hardy spaces (on the
disk) into a L p ($\mu$) space, where $\mu$ is a Carleson measure on the unit
disk. This includes the case of composition operators. We characterize such
operators which are r-summing on H p , where p \textgreater{} 1 and r $\ge$ 1.
This completely extends the former results on the subject and solves a problem
open since the early seventies. Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary:
47B33 -- Secondary: 28A12; 30C85; 31A15; 46E20; 46E22; 47B06


title: Logic as a distributive law

abstract:
  We present an algorithm for deriving a spatial-behavioral type system from a
formal presentation of a computational calculus. Given a 2-monad Calc:
Catv$\to$ Cat for the free calculus on a category of terms and rewrites and a
2-monad BoolAlg for the free Boolean algebra on a category, we get a 2-monad
Form = BoolAlg + Calc for the free category of formulae and proofs. We also get
the 2-monad BoolAlg $\circ$ Calc for subsets of terms. The interpretation of
formulae is a natural transformation $\interp{-}$: Form $\Rightarrow$ BoolAlg
$\circ$ Calc defined by the units and multiplications of the monads and a
distributive law transformation $\delta$: Calc $\circ$ BoolAlg $\Rightarrow$
BoolAlg $\circ$ Calc. This interpretation is consistent both with the
Curry-Howard isomorphism and with realizability. We give an implementation of
the "possibly" modal operator parametrized by a two-hole term context and show
that, surprisingly, the arrow type constructor in the $\lambda$-calculus is a
specific case. We also exhibit nontrivial formulae encoding confinement and
liveness properties for a reflective higher-order variant of the
$\pi$-calculus.


title: On the Fast Magnetic Rotator Regime of Stellar Winds

abstract:
  Aims: We study the acceleration of the stellar winds of rapidly rotating low
mass stars and the transition between the slow magnetic rotator and fast
magnetic rotator regimes. We aim to understand the properties of stellar winds
in the fast magnetic rotator regime and the effects of magneto-centrifugal
forces on wind speeds and mass loss rates.
  Methods: We extend the solar wind model of Johnstone et al. (2015b) to 1D
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the winds of rotating stars. We test
two assumptions for how to scale the wind temperature to other stars and assume
the mass loss rate scales as Mdot ~ Rstar^2 OmegaStar^1.33 Mstar^-3.36, in the
unsaturated regime, as estimated by Johnstone et al. (2015a).
  Results: For 1.0 Msun stars, the winds can be accelerated to several thousand
km/s, and the effects of magneto-centrifugal forces are much weaker for lower
mass stars. We find that the different assumptions for how to scale the wind
temperature to other stars lead to significantly different mass loss rates for
the rapid rotators. If we assume a constant temperature, the mass loss rates of
solar mass stars do not saturate at rapid rotation, which we show to be
inconsistent with observed rotational evolution. If we assume the wind
temperatures scale positively with rotation, the mass loss rates are only
influenced significantly at rotation rates above 75 OmegaSun. We suggest that
models with increasing wind speed for more rapid rotators are preferable to
those that assume a constant wind speed. If this conclusion is confirmed by
more sophisticated wind modelling. it might provide an interesting
observational constraint on the properties of stellar winds.


title:
Cerebral Signal Instantaneous Parameters Estimation MATLAB Toolbox -
  User Guide Version 2.3

abstract:
  This document is meant to help individuals use the Cerebral Signal Phase
Analysis toolbox which implements different methods for estimating the
instantaneous phase and frequency of a signal and calculating some related
popular quantities.The toolbox -- which is distributed under the terms of the
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE as a set of MATLAB routines -- can be downloaded at
the address http://oset.ir/category.php?dir=Tools.The purpose of this toolbox
is to calculate the instantaneous phase and frequency sequences of cerebral
signals (EEG, MEG, etc.) and some related popular features and quantities in
brain studies and Neuroscience such as Phase Shift, Phase Resetting, Phase
Locking Value (PLV), Phase Difference and more, to help researchers in these
fields.


title:
Murray A. Marshall [24.3.1940 - 1.05.2015]: A brief mathematical
  obituary

abstract:
  On April 22 2015, Murray Marshall was invited by Igor Klep and Victor
Vinnikov to talk in the special session on "Operator Theory, Real Algebraic
Geometry, and Moment Problems" that they co-organised for IWOTA 2015 in
Tbilisi, Georgia, July 6--10. This invitation to an IWOTA edition was
considered by the organisers as long overdue, given Marshall's important
contributions to Real Algebraic Geometry in general, and to the
multi-dimensional Moment Problem in particular. Marshall declined on April 27th
writing: "Dear Victor, Thanks very much for the invitation. I am sorry but I
must decline. The reason is that I don't enjoy traveling as much as I used to.
North America or Europe is about the maximum distance I am willing to dealwith.
I hope you are well. Murray." This response startled us, as Marshall has always
been a grand traveler when it came to mathematics. Our fears were alas
confirmed; Marshall passed away just a few days later. In July, I held a talk
at that session myself on joint work with Marshall, and was asked by the
editors of the proceedings volume to write this mathematical obituary.


title:
Automated Detection of Individual Micro-calcifications from Mammograms
  using a Multi-stage Cascade Approach

abstract:
  In mammography, the efficacy of computer-aided detection methods depends, in
part, on the robust localisation of micro-calcifications ($\mu$C). Currently,
the most effective methods are based on three steps: 1) detection of individual
$\mu$C candidates, 2) clustering of individual $\mu$C candidates, and 3)
classification of $\mu$C clusters. Where the second step is motivated both to
reduce the number of false positive detections from the first step and on the
evidence that malignancy depends on a relatively large number of $\mu$C
detections within a certain area. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to
$\mu$C detection, consisting of the detection \emph{and} classification of
individual $\mu$C candidates, using shape and appearance features, using a
cascade of boosting classifiers. The final step in our approach then clusters
the remaining individual $\mu$C candidates. The main advantage of this approach
lies in its ability to reject a significant number of false positive $\mu$C
candidates compared to previously proposed methods. Specifically, on the
INbreast dataset, we show that our approach has a true positive rate (TPR) for
individual $\mu$Cs of 40\% at one false positive per image (FPI) and a TPR of
80\% at 10 FPI. These results are significantly more accurate than the current
state of the art, which has a TPR of less than 1\% at one FPI and a TPR of 10\%
at 10 FPI. Our results are competitive with the state of the art at the
subsequent stage of detecting clusters of $\mu$Cs.


title:
Nonlinear model identification and spectral submanifolds for
  multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical vibrations

abstract:
  In a nonlinear oscillatory system, spectral submanifolds (SSMs) are the
smoothest invariant manifolds tangent to linear modal subspaces of an
equilibrium. Amplitude-frequency plots of the dynamics on SSMs provide the
classic backbone curves sought in experimental nonlinear model identification.
We develop here a methodology to compute analytically both the shape of SSMs
and their corresponding backbone curves from a data-assimilating model fitted
to experimental vibration signals. Using examples of both synthetic and real
experimental data, we demonstrate that this approach reproduces backbone curves
with high accuracy.


title:
Performance analysis of multi-dimensional ESPRIT-type algorithms for
  arbitrary and strictly non-circular sources with spatial smoothing

abstract:
  Spatial smoothing is a widely used preprocessing scheme to improve the
performance of high-resolution parameter estimation algorithms in case of
coherent signals or if only a small number of snapshots is available. In this
paper, we present a first-order performance analysis of the spatially smoothed
versions of R-D Standard ESPRIT and R-D Unitary ESPRIT for sources with
arbitrary signal constellations as well as R-D NC Standard ESPRIT and R-D NC
Unitary ESPRIT for strictly second-order (SO) non-circular (NC) sources. The
derived expressions are asymptotic in the effective signal-to-noise ratio
(SNR), i.e., the approximations become exact for either high SNRs or a large
sample size. Moreover, no assumptions on the noise statistics are required
apart from a zero-mean and finite SO moments. We show that both R-D NC
ESPRIT-type algorithms with spatial smoothing perform asymptotically identical
in the high effective SNR regime. Generally, the performance of spatial
smoothing based algorithms depends on the number of subarrays, which is a
design parameter and needs to be chosen beforehand. In order to gain more
insights into the optimal choice of the number of subarrays, we simplify the
derived analytical R-D mean square error (MSE) expressions for the special case
of a single source. The obtained MSE expression explicitly depends on the
number of subarrays in each dimension, which allows us to analytically find the
optimal number of subarrays for spatial smoothing. Based on this result, we
additionally derive the maximum asymptotic gain from spatial smoothing and
explicitly compute the asymptotic efficiency for this special case. All the
analytical results are verified by simulations.


title: The Bott-Samelson theorem for positive Legendrian isotopies

abstract:
  The classical Bott-Samelson theorem states that if on a Riemannian manifold
all geodesics issuing from a certain point return to this point, then the
universal cover of the manifold has the cohomology ring of a compact rank one
symmetric space. This result on geodesic flows has been generalized to Reeb
flows and partially to positive Legendrian isotopies by
Frauenfelder-Labrousse-Schlenk. We prove the full theorem for positive
Legendrian isotopies.


title: Learning Grimaces by Watching TV

abstract:
  Differently from computer vision systems which require explicit supervision,
humans can learn facial expressions by observing people in their environment.
In this paper, we look at how similar capabilities could be developed in
machine vision. As a starting point, we consider the problem of relating facial
expressions to objectively measurable events occurring in videos. In
particular, we consider a gameshow in which contestants play to win significant
sums of money. We extract events affecting the game and corresponding facial
expressions objectively and automatically from the videos, obtaining large
quantities of labelled data for our study. We also develop, using benchmarks
such as FER and SFEW 2.0, state-of-the-art deep neural networks for facial
expression recognition, showing that pre-training on face verification data can
be highly beneficial for this task. Then, we extend these models to use facial
expressions to predict events in videos and learn nameable expressions from
them. The dataset and emotion recognition models are available at
http://www.robots.ox.ac.uk/~vgg/data/facevalue


title:
ILGNet: Inception Modules with Connected Local and Global Features for
  Efficient Image Aesthetic Quality Classification using Domain Adaptation

abstract:
  In this paper, we address a challenging problem of aesthetic image
classification, which is to label an input image as high or low aesthetic
quality. We take both the local and global features of images into
consideration. A novel deep convolutional neural network named ILGNet is
proposed, which combines both the Inception modules and an connected layer of
both Local and Global features. The ILGnet is based on GoogLeNet. Thus, it is
easy to use a pre-trained GoogLeNet for large-scale image classification
problem and fine tune our connected layers on an large scale database of
aesthetic related images: AVA, i.e. \emph{domain adaptation}. The experiments
reveal that our model achieves the state of the arts in AVA database. Both the
training and testing speeds of our model are higher than those of the original
GoogLeNet.


title:
2D nano-granularity of the oxygen chains in the YBa2Cu3O6.33
  superconductor

abstract:
  The organization of dopants in high temperature superconductors provides
complex topological geometries that controls superconducting properties. This
makes the study of dopants spatial distribution of fundamental importance. The
mobile oxygen ions, y, in the CuO2 plane of YBa2Cu3O6+y (0.33<y<0.67) form
ordered chains which greatly affect the transport properties of the material.
Here we visualize and characterize the 2D spatial organization of these oxygen
chains using scanning micro X-ray diffraction measurements in transmission mode
on a thin single crystal slab with y=0.33 (Tc=7 K) near the critical doping for
the insulator-to-metal transition. We show the typical landscape of percolation
made of a granular spatial pattern due the oxygen chains segregating in
quasi-one-dimensional needles of Ortho II (O-II) phase embedded in an
insulating matrix with low density of disordered oxygen interstitials


title:
Parallel STEPS: Large Scale Stochastic Spatial Reaction-Diffusion
  Simulation with High Performance Computers

abstract:
  Stochastic, spatial reaction-diffusion simulations have been widely used in
systems biology and computational neuroscience. However, the increasing scale
and complexity of simulated models and morphologies have exceeded the capacity
of any serial implementation. This led to development of parallel solutions
that benefit from the boost in performance of modern large-scale
supercomputers. In this paper, we describe an MPI-based, parallel
Operator-Splitting implementation for stochastic spatial reaction-diffusion
simulations with irregular tetrahedral meshes. The performance of our
implementation is first examined and analyzed with simulations of a simple
model. We then demonstrate its usage in real-world research by simulating the
reaction-diffusion components of a published calcium burst model in both
Purkinje neuron sub-branch and full dendrite morphologies. Simulation results
indicate that our implementation is capable of achieving super-linear speedup
for balanced loading simulations with reasonable molecule density and mesh
quality. In the best scenario a parallel simulation with 2000 processes
achieves more than 3600 times of speedup relative to its serial SSA counterpart
and more than 20 times of speedup relative to parallel simulation with 100
processes. While simulation performance is affected by unbalanced loading, a
substantial speedup can still be observed without any special treatment.


title: Extended Higgs sectors in the context of supersymmetry at the LHC

abstract:
  We studied the extension of Standard Model (SM) Higgs sector with $SU(2)$
triplet and SM gauge singlet in the context of supersymmetry. For a $Z_3$
symmetric superpotential where the singlet field generates the bi-linear Higgs
mixing term between two Higgs doublets dynamically. Models like this often have
a very light pseudoscalar as pseudo-Nambu Goldstone model of an extra $U(1)$
symmetry. We investigate the possibility of such light hidden Higgs boson with
the data of the discovered Higgs boson around 125 GeV. Along with the neutral
sector, the charged Higgs bosons in the triplet extended case are really
interesting as the triplet charged Higgs bosons give rise to new decay mode to
$Z W^\pm$ along with $ a_1 W^\pm$ due to the existence of light pseudoscalar.
These new modes can be looked for at the LHC in the search for the Higgs bosons
in other representations of $SU(2)$.


title: Generalised Information Systems Capture L-Domains

abstract:
  A generalisation of Scott's information systems \cite{sco82} is presented
that captures exactly all L-domains. The global consistency predicate in
Scott's definition is relativised in such a way that there is a consistency
predicate for each atomic proposition (token) saying which finite sets of such
statements express information that is consistent with the given statement.
  It is shown that the states of such generalised information systems form an
L-domain, and that each L-domain can be generated in this way, up to
isomorphism. Moreover, the equivalence of the category of generalised
information systems with the category of L-domains is derived. In addition, it
will be seen that from every generalised information system capturing an
algebraic bounded-complete domain a corresponding Scott information system can
be obtained in an easy and natural way, and vice versa; similarly for Hoofman's
continuous information systems \cite{ho93} and the continuous bounded-complete
domains captured by them; for Chen and Jung's disjunctive propositional logic
\cite{cj06} and algebraic L-domains (as well as for Wang and Li's \cite{wll20}
finitary version and Lawson-compact algebraic L-domains); and for Wang and Li's
conjunctive sequent calculi \cite{wlbc20} and proper continuous
bounded-complete domains. The proofs always contain syntactic translations
between the logical calculi involved.


title:
The Edge of Entanglement: Getting the Boundary Right for Non-Minimally
  Coupled Scalar Fields

abstract:
  In entanglement computations for a free scalar field with coupling to
background curvature, there is a boundary term in the modular Hamiltonian which
must be correctly specified in order to get sensible results. We focus here on
the entanglement in flat space across a planar interface and (in the case of
conformal coupling) other geometries related to this one by Weyl rescaling of
the metric. For these "half-space entanglement" computations, we give a new
derivation of the boundary term and revisit how it clears up a number of
puzzles in the literature, including mass corrections and twist operator
dimensions. We also discuss how related boundary terms may show up in other
field theories.


title: Nekhoroshev theorem for perturbations of the central motion

abstract:
  In this paper we prove a Nekhoroshev type theorem for perturbations of
Hamiltonians describing a particle subject to the force due to a central
potential. Precisely, we prove that under an explicit condition on the
potential, the Hamiltonian of the central motion is quasi-convex. Thus, when it
is perturbed, two actions (the modulus of the total angular momentum and the
action of the reduced radial system) are approximately conserved for times
which are exponentially long with the inverse of the perturbation parameter.


title: Backward-Shifted Coding (BSC) based on Scalable Video Coding for HAS

abstract:
  The main task of HTTP Adaptive Streaming is to adapt video quality
dynamically under variable network conditions. This is a key feature for
multimedia delivery especially when quality of service cannot be granted
network-wide and, e.g., throughput may suffer short term fluctuations.
  Hence, robust bitrate adaptation schemes become crucial in order to improve
video quality. The objective, in this context, is to control the filling level
of the playback buffer and maximize the quality of the video, while avoiding
unnecessary video quality variations.
  In this paper we study bitrate adaptation algorithms based on
Backward-Shifted Coding (BSC), a scalable video coding scheme able to greatly
improve video quality. We design bitrate adaptation algorithms that balance
video rate smoothness and high network capacity utilization, leveraging both on
throughput-based and buffer-based adaptation mechanisms.
  Extensive simulations using synthetic and real-world video traffic traces
show that the proposed scheme performs remarkably well even under challenging
network conditions.


title: Will a decaying atom feel a friction force?

abstract:
  We show how a simple calculation leads to the surprising result that an
excited two-level atom moving through vacuum sees a tiny friction force of
first order in v/c. At first sight this seems to be in obvious contradiction to
other calculations showing that the interaction with the vacuum does not change
the velocity of an atom. It is yet more surprising that this change in the
atom's momentum turns out to be a necessary result of energy and momentum
conservation in special relativity.


title:
Adaptive wavelet BEM for boundary integral equations: Theory and
  numerical experiments

abstract:
  In this paper, we are concerned with the numerical treatment of boundary
integral equations by means of the adaptive wavelet boundary element method
(BEM). In particular, we consider the second kind Fredholm integral equation
for the double layer potential operator on patchwise smooth manifolds contained
in $\mathbb{R}^3$. The corresponding operator equations are treated by means of
adaptive implementations that are in complete accordance with the underlying
theory. The numerical experiments demonstrate that adaptive methods really pay
off in this setting. The observed convergence rates fit together very well with
the theoretical predictions that can be made on the basis of a systematic
investigation of the Besov regularity of the exact solution.
  Keywords: Besov spaces, weighted Sobolev spaces, adaptive wavelet BEM,
non-linear approximation, integral equations, double layer potential operator,
regularity, manifolds.


title:
Lithium-ion-based solid electrolyte tuning of the carrier density in
  graphene

abstract:
  We have developed a technique to tune the carrier density in graphene using a
lithium-ion-based solid electrolyte. We demonstrate that the solid electrolyte
can be used as both a substrate to support graphene and a back gate.It can
induce a change in the carrier density as large as 1*10^14/cm^2, which is much
larger than that induced with oxide-film dielectrics, and it is comparable with
that induced by liquid electrolytes. Gate modulation of the carrier density is
still visible at 150 K, which is lower than the glass transition temperature of
most liquid gating electrolytes.


title: Absence of full many-body localization in the disordered Hubbard chain

abstract:
  We present numerical results within the one-dimensional disordered Hubbard
model for several characteristic indicators of the many-body localization
(MBL). Considering traditionally studied charge disorder (i.e., the same
disorder strength for both spin orientations) we find that even at strong
disorder all signatures consistently show that while charge degree of freedom
is non-ergodic, the spin is delocalized and ergodic. This indicates the absence
of the full MBL in the model that has been simulated in recent cold-atom
experiments. Full localization can be restored if spin-dependent disorder is
used instead.


title:
Near Infrared Counterpart of 2E 1613.5-5053, the Central Source in
  Supernova Remnant RCW 103

abstract:
  On 2016 June 22, 2E 1613.5-5053, the puzzling central compact object in
supernova remnant RCW 103, emitted a magnetar-like burst. Using Director's
Discretionary Time, we observed 2E 1613.5-5053 with the Hubble Space Telescope
(WFC3/IR) and we report here on the detection of a previously unseen infrared
counterpart. In observations taken on 2016 July 4 and August 11, we detect a
new source ($m_\mathrm{F110W} = 26.3$ AB mag and $m_\mathrm{F160W} = 24.2$ AB
mag) at the Chandra position of 2E 1613.5-5053 which was not detected in
HST/NICMOS images from 2002 August 15 and October 8 to a depth of 24.5 AB mag
(F110W) and 25.5 AB mag (F160W). We show that these deep IR observations rule
out the possibility of an accreting binary but mimic IR emission properties of
magnetars and isolated neutron stars. The presence or absence of a low-mass
fallback disk cannot be confirmed from our observations.


title: $N=2$ and $N=4$ Subalgebras of Super Vertex Operator Algebras

abstract:
  We develop criteria to decide if an $N=2$ or $N=4$ super conformal algebra is
a subalgebra of a super vertex operator algebra in general, and of a super
lattice theory in particular. We give some specific examples.


title:
A Class of Iterative Solvers for the Helmholtz Equation: Factorizations,
  Sweeping Preconditioners, Source Transfer, Single Layer Potentials, Polarized
  Traces, and Optimized Schwarz Methods

abstract:
  Solving time-harmonic wave propagation problems by iterative methods is a
difficult task, and over the last two decades, an important research effort has
gone into developing preconditioners for the simplest representative of such
wave propagation problems, the Helmholtz equation. A specific class of these
new preconditioners are considered here. They were developed by researchers
with various backgrounds using formulations and notations that are very
different, and all are among the most promising preconditioners for the
Helmholtz equation.
  The goal of the present manuscript is to show that this class of
preconditioners are based on a common mathematical principle, and they can all
be formulated in the context of domain decomposition methods called optimized
Schwarz methods. This common formulation allows us to explain in detail how and
why all these methods work. The domain decomposition formulation also allows us
to avoid technicalities in the implementation description we give of these
recent methods.
  The equivalence of these methods with optimized Schwarz methods translates at
the discrete level into equivalence with approximate block LU decomposition
preconditioners, and we give in each case the algebraic version, including a
detailed description of the approximations used. While we chose to use the
Helmholtz equation for which these methods were developed, our notation is
completely general and the algorithms we give are written for an arbitrary
second order elliptic operator. The algebraic versions are even more general,
assuming only a connectivity pattern in the discretization matrix.


title:
Design of a commercial aircraft environment control system using
  Bayesian optimization techniques

abstract:
  In this paper, we present the application of a recently developed algorithm
for Bayesian multi-objective optimization to the design of a commercial
aircraft environment control system (ECS). In our model, the ECS is composed of
two cross-flow heat exchangers, a centrifugal compressor and a radial turbine,
the geometries of which are simultaneously optimized to achieve minimal weight
and entropy generation of the system. While both objectives impact the overall
performance of the aircraft, they are shown to be antagonistic and a set of
trade-off design solutions is identified. The algorithm used for optimizing the
system implements a Bayesian approach to the multi-objective optimization
problem in the presence of non-linear constraints and the emphasis is on
conducting the optimization using a limited number of system simulations.
Noteworthy features of this particular application include a non-hypercubic
design domain and the presence of hidden constraints due to simulation
failures.


title:
The exclusive $J/\psi$ process at the LHC tamed to probe the low $x$
  gluon

abstract:
  The perturbative QCD expansion for $J/\psi$ photoproduction appears to be
unstable: the NLO correction is large (and of opposite sign) to the LO
contribution. Moreover, the predictions are very sensitive to the choice of
factorization and renormalization scales. Here we show that perturbative
stability is greatly improved by imposing a $`Q_0$ cut' on the NLO coefficient
functions; a cut which is required to avoid double counting. $Q_0$ is the input
scale used in the parton DGLAP evolution. This result opens the possibility of
high precision exclusive $J/\psi$ data in the forward direction at the LHC
being able to determine the low $x$ gluon distribution at low scales.


title: Near-Data Processing for Differentiable Machine Learning Models

abstract:
  Near-data processing (NDP) refers to augmenting memory or storage with
processing power. Despite its potential for acceleration computing and reducing
power requirements, only limited progress has been made in popularizing NDP for
various reasons. Recently, two major changes have occurred that have ignited
renewed interest and caused a resurgence of NDP. The first is the success of
machine learning (ML), which often demands a great deal of computation for
training, requiring frequent transfers of big data. The second is the
popularity of NAND flash-based solid-state drives (SSDs) containing multicore
processors that can accommodate extra computation for data processing. In this
paper, we evaluate the potential of NDP for ML using a new SSD platform that
allows us to simulate instorage processing (ISP) of ML workloads. Our platform
(named ISP-ML) is a full-fledged simulator of a realistic multi-channel SSD
that can execute various ML algorithms using data stored in the SSD. To conduct
a thorough performance analysis and an in-depth comparison with alternative
techniques, we focus on a specific algorithm: stochastic gradient descent
(SGD), which is the de facto standard for training differentiable models such
as logistic regression and neural networks. We implement and compare three SGD
variants (synchronous, Downpour, and elastic averaging) using ISP-ML,
exploiting the multiple NAND channels to parallelize SGD. In addition, we
compare the performance of ISP and that of conventional in-host processing,
revealing the advantages of ISP. Based on the advantages and limitations
identified through our experiments, we further discuss directions for future
research on ISP for accelerating ML.


title:
CONE: Zero-Calibration Accurate Confidence Estimation for Indoor
  Localization Systems

abstract:
  Accurate estimation of the confidence of an indoor localization system is
crucial for a number of applications including crowd-sensing applications,
map-matching services, and probabilistic location fusion techniques; all of
which lead to an enhanced user experience. Current approaches for quantifying
the output accuracy of a localization system in real-time either do not provide
a distance metric, require an extensive training process, and/or are tailored
to a specific localization system. In this paper, we present the design,
implementation, and evaluation of CONE: a novel calibration-free accurate
confidence estimation system that can work in real-time with any location
determination system. CONE builds on a sound theoretical model that allows it
to trade the required user confidence with tight bound on the estimated
confidence radius. We also introduce a new metric for evaluating confidence
estimation systems that can capture new aspects of their performance.
Evaluation of CONE on Android phones in a typical testbed using the iBeacons
BLE technology with a side-by-side comparison with traditional confidence
estimation techniques shows that CONE can achieve a consistent median absolute
error difference accuracy of less than 2.7m while estimating the user position
more than 80% of the time within the confidence circle. This is significantly
better than the state-of-the-art confidence estimation systems that are
tailored to the specific localization system in use. Moreover, CONE does not
require any calibration and therefore provides a scalable and ubiquitous
confidence estimation system for pervasive applications.


title: Prompt photon production and photon-hadron jet correlations with POWHEG

abstract:
  We present a calculation of direct photon production at next-to-leading order
of QCD and a matching of this calculation with parton showers using POWHEG BOX.
Based on simulations with POWHEG+PYTHIA, we perform a detailed phenomenological
analysis of PHENIX data on prompt photon production and photon-hadron jet
correlations in pp collisions at RHIC, considerably improving the description
of these data with respect to previous calculations, and we suggest additional
interesting analyses.


title: Universal Clustering via Crowdsourcing

abstract:
  Consider unsupervised clustering of objects drawn from a discrete set,
through the use of human intelligence available in crowdsourcing platforms.
This paper defines and studies the problem of universal clustering using
responses of crowd workers, without knowledge of worker reliability or task
difficulty. We model stochastic worker response distributions by incorporating
traits of memory for similar objects and traits of distance among differing
objects. We are particularly interested in two limiting worker
types---temporary workers who retain no memory of responses and long-term
workers with memory. We first define clustering algorithms for these limiting
cases and then integrate them into an algorithm for the unified worker model.
We prove asymptotic consistency of the algorithms and establish sufficient
conditions on the sample complexity of the algorithm. Converse arguments
establish necessary conditions on sample complexity, proving that the defined
algorithms are asymptotically order-optimal in cost.


title:
Simulation of flow and view with applications in computational design of
  settlement layouts

abstract:
  We present methodology, algorithms and software for evaluating flow and view
for architectural settlement layouts. For a given settlement layout consisting
of a number of buildings arbitrarily positioned on a piece of land, in the
present study an island situated on the west coast of Sweden, the methodology
allows for evaluation of flow patterns and for evaluating the view experienced
from the buildings. The computation of flow is based on a multimesh finite
element method, which allows each building to be embedded in a boundary-fitted
mesh which can be moved around freely in a fixed background mesh. The
computation of view is based on a novel and objective measure of the view which
can be efficiently computed by rasterization.


title: LCM Duals of Monomial Ideals

abstract:
  Given a monomial ideal in a polynomial ring over a field, we define the
LCM-dual of the given ideal. We show good properties of LCM-duals. Including
the isomorphism between the special fiber of LCM-dual and the special fiber of
given monomial ideal. We show the special fibers of LCM-duals of strongly
stable ideals are normal Cohen-Macaulay Koszul domains. We provide an explicit
describing of minimal free resolutions of LCM-duals of strongly stable ideals.


title: Towards Quantum Supremacy with Lossy Scattershot Boson Sampling

abstract:
  Boson Sampling represents a promising approach to obtain an evidence of the
supremacy of quantum systems as a resource for the solution of computational
problems. The classical hardness of Boson Sampling has been related to the so
called Permanent-of-Gaussians Conjecture and has been extended to some
generalizations such as Scattershot Boson Sampling, approximate and lossy
sampling under some reasonable constraints. However, it is still unclear how
demanding these techniques are for a quantum experimental sampler. Starting
from a state of the art analysis and taking account of the foreseeable
practical limitations, we evaluate and discuss the bound for quantum supremacy
for different recently proposed approaches, accordingly to today's best known
classical simulators.


title:
On the Maximal Rank Problem for the Complex Homogeneous Monge-Amp\`ere
  Equation

abstract:
  We give examples of regular boundary data for the Dirichlet problem for the
Complex Homogeneous Monge-Amp\`ere Equation over the unit disc, whose solution
is completely degenerate on a non-empty open set and thus fails to have maximal
rank.


title:
Effective Classification of MicroRNA Precursors Using Combinatorial
  Feature Mining and AdaBoost Algorithms

abstract:
  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with approximately 22 nucleotides (nt)
that are derived from precursor molecules. These precursor molecules or
pre-miRNAs often fold into stem-loop hairpin structures. However, a large
number of sequences with pre-miRNA-like hairpins can be found in genomes. It is
a challenge to distinguish the real pre-miRNAs from other hairpin sequences
with similar stem-loops (referred to as pseudo pre-miRNAs). Several
computational methods have been developed to tackle this challenge. In this
paper we propose a new method, called MirID, for identifying and classifying
microRNA precursors. We collect 74 features from the sequences and secondary
structures of pre-miRNAs; some of these features are taken from our previous
studies on non-coding RNA prediction while others were suggested in the
literature. We develop a combinatorial feature mining algorithm to identify
suitable feature sets. These feature sets are then used to train support vector
machines to obtain classification models, based on which classifier ensemble is
constructed. Finally we use an AdaBoost algorithm to further enhance the
accuracy of the classifier ensemble. Experimental results on a variety of
species demonstrate the good performance of the proposed method, and its
superiority over existing tools.


title: Neutral Aggregation in Finite Length Genotype space

abstract:
  The advent of modern genome sequencing techniques allows for a more stringent
test of the neutrality hypothesis of Darwinian evolution, where all individuals
have the same fitness. Using the individual based model of Wright and Fisher,
we compute the amplitude of neutral aggregation in the genome space, i.e., the
probability of finding two individuals at genetic (hamming) distance k as a
function of genome size L, population size N and mutation probability per base
\nu. In well mixed populations, we show that for N\nu\textless{}1/L, neutral
aggregation is the dominant force and most individuals are found at short
genetic distances from each other. For N\nu\textgreater{}1 on the contrary,
individuals are randomly dispersed in genome space. The results are extended to
geographically dispersed population, where the controlling parameter is shown
to be a combination of mutation and migration probability. The theory we
develop can be used to test the neutrality hypothesis in various ecological and
evolutionary systems.


title: Transition to a Moist Greenhouse with CO$_2$ and solar forcing

abstract:
  Water-rich planets such as Earth are expected to become eventually
uninhabitable, because liquid water does not remain stable at the surface as
surface temperatures increase with the solar luminosity over time. Whether a
large increase of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases such as CO$_2$
could also destroy the habitability of water-rich planets has remained unclear.
We show with three-dimensional aqua-planet numerical experiments that
CO$_2$-induced forcing as readily destabilizes the climate as does solar
forcing. The climate instability is caused by a positive cloud feedback. The
climate does not run away, but instead attains a new steady state with
global-mean sea-surface temperatures above 330 K. The upper atmosphere is
considerably moister in this warm steady state than in the reference climate,
implying that the planet would be subject to substantial loss of water to
space. For either a certain range of elevated CO$_2$ concentrations or solar
irradiation, we find both cold and warm equilibrium states, implying that the
transition to the warm state may not simply be reversed by removing the
additional forcing.


title:
Optical cooling and trapping of highly magnetic atoms: The benefits of a
  spontaneous spin polarization

abstract:
  From the study of long-range-interacting systems to the simulation of gauge
fields, open-shell Lanthanide atoms with their large magnetic moment and narrow
optical transitions open novel directions in the field of ultracold quantum
gases. As for other atomic species, the magneto-optical trap (MOT) is the
working horse of experiments but its operation is challenging, due to the large
electronic spin of the atoms. Here we present an experimental study of
narrow-line Dysprosium MOTs. We show that the combination of radiation pressure
and gravitational forces leads to a spontaneous polarization of the electronic
spin. The spin composition is measured using a Stern-Gerlach separation of spin
levels, revealing that the gas becomes almost fully spin-polarized for large
laser frequency detunings. In this regime, we reach the optimal operation of
the MOT, with samples of typically $3\times 10^8$ atoms at a temperature of
15\,$\mu$K. The spin polarization reduces the complexity of the radiative
cooling description, which allows for a simple model accounting for our
measurements. We also measure the rate of density-dependent atom losses,
finding good agreement with a model based on light-induced Van der Waals
forces. A minimal two-body loss rate $\beta\sim 2\times10^{-11}\,$cm$^{3}$/s is
reached in the spin-polarized regime. Our results constitute a benchmark for
the experimental study of ultracold gases of magnetic Lanthanide atoms.


title:
Improvements, testing and development of the ADM-{\tau} sub-grid surface
  tension model for two-phase LES

abstract:
  In this paper, a specific subgrid term occurring in Large Eddy Simulation
(LES) of two-phase flows is investigated. This and other subgrid terms are
presented, we subsequently elaborate on the existing models for those and
re-formulate the ADM-{\tau} model for sub-grid surface tension previously
published by these authors. This paper presents a substantial, conceptual
simplification over the original model version, accompanied by a decrease in
its computational cost. At the same time, it addresses the issues the original
model version faced, e.g. introduces non-isotropic applicability criteria based
on resolved interface's principal curvature radii. Additionally, this paper
introduces more throughout testing of the ADM-{\tau}, in both simple and
complex flows.


title:
Solutions of L\'evy-driven SDEs with unbounded coefficients as Feller
  processes

abstract:
  Let $(L_t)_{t \geq 0}$ be a $k$-dimensional L\'evy process and $\sigma:
\mathbb{R}^d \to \mathbb{R}^{d \times k}$ a continuous function such that the
L\'evy-driven stochastic differential equation (SDE) $$dX_t = \sigma(X_{t-}) \,
dL_t, \qquad X_0 \sim \mu$$ has a unique weak solution. We show that the
solution is a Feller process whose domain of the generator contains the smooth
functions with compact support if, and only if, the L\'evy measure $\nu$ of the
driving L\'evy process $(L_t)_{t \geq 0}$ satisfies $$\nu(\{y \in \mathbb{R}^k;
|\sigma(x)y+x|<r\}) \xrightarrow[]{|x| \to \infty} 0.$$


title: The Generalized Reparameterization Gradient

abstract:
  The reparameterization gradient has become a widely used method to obtain
Monte Carlo gradients to optimize the variational objective. However, this
technique does not easily apply to commonly used distributions such as beta or
gamma without further approximations, and most practical applications of the
reparameterization gradient fit Gaussian distributions. In this paper, we
introduce the generalized reparameterization gradient, a method that extends
the reparameterization gradient to a wider class of variational distributions.
Generalized reparameterizations use invertible transformations of the latent
variables which lead to transformed distributions that weakly depend on the
variational parameters. This results in new Monte Carlo gradients that combine
reparameterization gradients and score function gradients. We demonstrate our
approach on variational inference for two complex probabilistic models. The
generalized reparameterization is effective: even a single sample from the
variational distribution is enough to obtain a low-variance gradient.


title: The Voting Farm: A Distributed Class for Software Voting

abstract:
  This document describes a class of C functions implementing a distributed
software voting mechanism for EPX or similar message passing multi-threaded
environments. Such a tool may be used for example, to set up a restoring organ,
i.e., an NMR (i.e., N-module redundant) system with N voters. In order to
describe the tool we start defining its basic building block, the voter. A
voter is defined as a software module connected to one user module and to a
farm of fellow voters arranged into a clique. By means of the functions in the
class the user module is able: to create a static "picture" of the voting farm,
needed for the set up of the clique; to instantiate the local voter; to send
input or control messages to that voter. No interlocutor is needed other than
the local voter. The other user modules are supposed to create coherent
pictures and instances of voters on other nodes of the machine and to manage
consistently the task of their local intermediary. All technicalities
concerning the set up of the clique and the exchange of messages between the
voters are completely transparent to the user module. In the following the
basic functionalities of the VotingFarm class will be discussed, namely how to
set up a "passive farm", or a non-alive topological representation of a
yet-to-be-activated voting farm; how to initiate the voting farm; how to
control the farm.


title: Regularity of Solutions of the Nonlinear Sigma Model with Gravitino

abstract:
  We propose a geometric setup to study analytic aspects of a variant of the
super symmetric two-dimensional nonlinear sigma model. This functional extends
the functional of Dirac-harmonic maps by gravitino fields. The system of
Euler--Lagrange equations of the two-dimensional nonlinear sigma model with
gravitino is calculated explicitly. The gravitino terms pose additional
analytic difficulties to show smoothness of its weak solutions which are
overcome using Rivi\`ere's regularity theory and Riesz potential theory.


title: BiHom-Lie superalgebra structures

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of BiHom-Lie superalgebras.
This class of algebras is a generalization of both BiHom-Lie algebras and
Hom-Lie superalgebras. In this article, we first present two ways to construct
BiHom-Lie superalgebras from BiHom-associative superalgebras and Hom-Lie
superalgebras by Yau's twist principle. Also, we explore some general classes
of BiHom-Lie admissible superalgebras and describe all these classes via
$G$-BiHom-associative superalgebras, where $G$ is a subgroup of the symmetric
group $S_{3}$. Finally, we discuss the concept of $\beta^{k}$-derivation of
BiHom-Lie superalgebras and prove that the set of all $\beta^{k}$-derivation
has a natural BiHom-Lie superalgebra structure.


title:
Online Fault-Tolerant Dynamic Event Region Detection in Sensor Networks
  via Trust Model

abstract:
  This paper proposes a Bayesian modeling approach to address the problem of
online fault-tolerant dynamic event region detection in wireless sensor
networks. In our model every network node is associated with a virtual
community and a trust index, which quantitatively measures the trustworthiness
of this node in its community. If a sensor node's trust value is smaller than a
threshold, it suggests that this node encounters a fault and thus its sensor
reading can not be trusted at this moment. This concept of sensor node trust
discriminates our model with the other alternatives, e.g.,the Markov random
fields. The practical issues, including spatiotemporal correlations of neighbor
nodes' sensor readings, the presence of sensor faults and the requirement of
online processing are linked together by the concept trust and are all taken
into account in the modeling stage. Based on the proposed model, the trust
value of each node is updated online by a particle filter algorithm upon the
arrival of new observations. The decision on whether a node is located in the
event region is made based upon the current estimate of this node's trust
value. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed solution can provide
striking better performance than existent methods in terms of error rate in
detecting the event region.


title:
Mathematical modeling of local perfusion in large distensible
  microvascular networks

abstract:
  Microvessels -blood vessels with diameter less than 200 microns- form large,
intricate networks organized into arterioles, capillaries and venules. In these
networks, the distribution of flow and pressure drop is a highly interlaced
function of single vessel resistances and mutual vessel interactions. In this
paper we propose a mathematical and computational model to study the behavior
of microcirculatory networks subjected to different conditions. The network
geometry is composed of a graph of connected straight cylinders, each one
representing a vessel. The blood flow and pressure drop across the single
vessel, further split into smaller elements, are related through a generalized
Ohm's law featuring a conductivity parameter, function of the vessel cross
section area and geometry, which undergo deformations under pressure loads. The
membrane theory is used to describe the deformation of vessel lumina, tailored
to the structure of thick-walled arterioles and thin-walled venules. In
addition, since venules can possibly experience negative transmural pressures,
a buckling model is also included to represent vessel collapse. The complete
model including arterioles, capillaries and venules represents a nonlinear
system of PDEs, which is approached numerically by finite element
discretization and linearization techniques. We use the model to simulate flow
in the microcirculation of the human eye retina, a terminal system with a
single inlet and outlet. After a phase of validation against experimental
measurements, we simulate the network response to different interstitial
pressure values. Such a study is carried out both for global and localized
variations of the interstitial pressure. In both cases, significant
redistributions of the blood flow in the network arise, highlighting the
importance of considering the single vessel behavior along with its position
and connectivity in the network.


title: Learning Macro-actions for State-Space Planning

abstract:
  Planning has achieved significant progress in recent years. Among the various
approaches to scale up plan synthesis, the use of macro-actions has been widely
explored. As a first stage towards the development of a solution to learn
on-line macro-actions, we propose an algorithm to identify useful macro-actions
based on data mining techniques. The integration in the planning search of
these learned macro-actions shows significant improvements over four classical
planning benchmarks.


title:
Role of the temperature instabilities for formation of nano-patterns
  upon single femtosecond laser pulses on gold

abstract:
  In this paper we investigate whether the periodic structures on metal
surfaces exposed to single ultrashort laser pulses can appear due to an
instability induced by two-temperature heating dynamics. The results of
two-temperature model (TTM) 2D simulations are presented on the irradiation of
gold by a single 800 nm femtosecond laser pulse whose intensity is modulated in
order to reproduce a small initial temperature perturbation, which can arise
from incoming and scattered surface wave interference. The growing (unstable)
modes of the temperature distribution along the surface may be responsible for
the LIPSS (Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures) formation. After the end
of the laser pulse and before the complete coupling between lattice and
electrons occurs, the evolution of the amplitude of the subsequent modulation
in the lattice temperature reveals different tendencies depending on the
spatial period of the initial modulation. This instability-like behaviour is
shown to arise due to the perturbation of the electronic temperature which
relaxes slower for bigger spatial periods and thus imparts more significant
modulations to the lattice temperature. Small spatial periods of the order of
100 nm and smaller experience stabilization and fast decay from the more
efficient lateral heat diffusion which facilitates the relaxation of the
electronic temperature amplitude due to in-depth diffusion. An analytical
instability analysis of a simplified version of the TTM set of equations
supports the lattice temperature modulation behaviour obtained in the
simulations and reveals that in-depth diffusion length is a determining
parameter in the dispersion relation of unstable modes. Finally it is discussed
how the change in optical properties can intensify the modulation-related
effects.


title: Explicit measures for the homogeneous transform

abstract:
  The homogeneous transform has many practical applications outside the realm
of mathematics, for instance to represent the proportions of several chemical
substances. We aim here to present results about the transformation of
measures, which could be used to take into account the uncertainties of the
quantities to be homogeneously transformed.


title: Binding Blocks: building the Universe one nucleus at the time

abstract:
  We present a new teaching and outreach activity based around the construction
of a three-dimensional chart of isotopes using LEGO$^{\circledR}$ bricks. The
activity, \emph{Binding Blocks}, demonstrates nuclear and astrophysical
processes through a seven-meter chart of all nuclear isotopes, built from over
26,000 LEGO$^{\circledR}$ bricks. It integrates A-level and GCSE curricula
across areas of nuclear physics, astrophysics, and chemistry, including:
nuclear decays (through the colours in the chart); nuclear binding energy
(through tower heights); production of chemical elements in the cosmos; fusion
processes in stars and fusion energy on Earth; as well as links to medical
physics, particularly diagnostics and radiotherapy.

categories: physics.ed-ph nucl-ex nucl-th physics.pop-ph


title:
Polarizers, optical bridges and Sagnac interferometers for nanoradian
  polarization rotation measurements

abstract:
  The ability to measure nanoradian polarization rotations, $\theta_F$, in the
photon shot noise limit is investigated for partially crossed polarizers (PCP),
a static Sagnac interferometer and an optical bridge, each of which can in
principal be used in this limit with near equivalent figures-of-merit (FOM). In
practice a bridge to PCP/Sagnac source noise rejection ratio of $1/4\theta_F^2$
enables the bridge to operate in the photon shot noise limit even at high light
intensities. The superior performance of the bridge is illustrated via the
measurement of a 3 nrad rotation arising from an axial magnetic field of 0.9 nT
applied to a terbium gallium garnet. While the Sagnac is functionally
equivalent to the PCP in terms of the FOM, unlike the PCP it is able to
discriminate between rotations with different time ($T$) and parity ($P$)
symmetries. The Sagnac geometry implemented here is similar to that used
elsewhere to detect non-reciprocal ($\overline{T}P$) rotations like those due
to the Faraday effect. Using a Jones matrix approach, novel Sagnac geometries
uniquely sensitive to non-reciprocal $\overline{TP}$ (e.g. magneto-electric or
magneto-chiral) rotations, as well as to reciprocal rotations (e.g. due to
linear birefringence, $TP$, or to chirality, $T\overline{P}$) are proposed.


title:
Spatial multiplexing of atom-photon entanglement sources using
  feed-forward controls and switching networks

abstract:
  The light-matter quantum interface that can create quantum-correlations or
entanglement between a photon and one atomic collective excitation is a
fundamental building block for a quantum repeater. The intrinsic limit is that
the probability of preparing such non-classical atom-photon correlations has to
be kept low in order to suppress multi-excitation. To enhance this probability
without introducing multi-excitation errors, a promising scheme is to apply
multimode memories into the interface. Significant progresses have been made in
temporal, spectral, and spatial multiplexing memories, but the enhanced
probability for generating the entangled atom-photon pair has not been
experimentally realized. Here, by using 6 spin-wave-photon entanglement
sources, a switching network and feed-forward control, we build a multiplexed
light-matter interface and then demonstrate a ~6-fold (~4-fold) probability
increase in generating entangled atom-photon (photon-photon) pairs. The
measured compositive Bell parameter for the multiplexed interface is 2.49+-0.03
combined with a memory lifetime of up to ~60 microseconds.


title: Gate-tunable band structure of the LaAlO$_3$-SrTiO$_3$ interface

abstract:
  The 2-dimensional electron system at the interface between LaAlO$_{3}$ and
SrTiO$_{3}$ has several unique properties that can be tuned by an externally
applied gate voltage. In this work, we show that this gate-tunability extends
to the effective band structure of the system. We combine a magnetotransport
study on top-gated Hall bars with self-consistent Schr\"odinger-Poisson
calculations and observe a Lifshitz transition at a density of
$2.9\times10^{13}$ cm$^{-2}$. Above the transition, the carrier density of one
of the conducting bands decreases with increasing gate voltage. This surprising
decrease is accurately reproduced in the calculations if electronic
correlations are included. These results provide a clear, intuitive picture of
the physics governing the electronic structure at complex oxide interfaces.


title:
Testing multi-mass dynamical models of star clusters with real data:
  mass segregation in three Galactic globular clusters

abstract:
  We present the results of the analysis of deep photometric data for a sample
of three Galactic globular clusters (NGC5466, NGC6218 and NGC6981) with the aim
of estimating their degree of mass segregation and testing the predictions of
analytic dynamical models. The adopted dataset, composed by both Hubble Space
Telescope and ground based data, reaches the low-mass end of the mass functions
of these clusters from the center up to their tidal radii allowing to derive
their radial distribution of stars with different masses. All the analysed
clusters show evidence of mass segregation with the most massive stars more
concentrated than low-mass ones. The structures of NGC5466 and NGC6981 are well
reproduced by multimass dynamical models adopting a lowered-Maxwellian
distribution function and the prescription for mass segregation given by Gunn &
Griffin (1979). Instead, NGC6218 appears to be more mass segregated than model
predictions. By applying the same technique to mock observations derived from
snapshots selected from suitable N-body simulations we show that the deviation
from the behaviour predicted by these models depends on the particular stage of
dynamical evolution regardless of initial conditions.


title:
Formation and maintenance of nitrogen fixing cell patterns in
  filamentous cyanobacteria

abstract:
  Cyanobacteria forming one-dimensional filaments are paradigmatic model
organisms of the transition between unicellular and multicellular living forms.
Under nitrogen limiting conditions, in filaments of the genus Anabaena, some
cells differentiate into heterocysts, which lose the possibility to divide but
are able to fix environmental nitrogen for the colony. These heterocysts form a
quasi-regular pattern in the filament, representing a prototype of patterning
and morphogenesis in prokaryotes. Recent years have seen advances in the
identification of the molecular mechanism regulating this pattern. We use this
data to build a theory on heterocyst pattern formation, for which both genetic
regulation and the effects of cell division and filament growth are key
components. The theory is based on the interplay of three generic mechanisms:
local autoactivation, early long range inhibition, and late long range
inhibition. These mechanisms can be identified with the dynamics of hetR, patS
and hetN expression. Our theory reproduces quantitatively the experimental
dynamics of pattern formation and maintenance for wild type and mutants. We
find that hetN alone is not enough to play the role as the late inhibitory
mechanism: a second mechanism, hypothetically the products of nitrogen fixation
supplied by heterocysts, must also play a role in late long range inhibition.
The preponderance of even intervals between heterocysts arises naturally as a
result of the interplay between the timescales of genetic regulation and cell
division. We also find that a purely stochastic initiation of the pattern,
without a two-stage process, is enough to reproduce experimental observations.


title: Multi-Point AG Codes on the GK Maximal Curves

abstract:
  In this paper we investigate multi-point Algebraic-Geometric codes associated
to the GK maximal curve, starting from a divisor which is invariant under a
large automorphism group of the curve. We construct families of codes with
large automorphism groups.


title: Miura and Generalized B\"acklund Transformation for KdV Hierarchy

abstract:
  Using the fact that Miura transformation can be expressed in the form of
gauge transformation connecting the KdV and mKdV equations, we discuss the
derivation of the B\"acklund transformation and its Miura-gauge transformation
connecting both hierarchies.


title: On the trace anomaly of a Weyl fermion

abstract:
  We calculate the trace anomaly of a Weyl fermion coupled to gravity by using
Fujikawa's method supplemented by the choice of a consistent regulator. The
latter is constructed out of Pauli-Villars regulating fields. The motivation
for presenting such a calculation stems from recent studies that suggest that
the trace anomaly of chiral fermions in four dimensions might contain an
imaginary part proportional to the Pontryagin density. We find that the trace
anomaly of a Weyl fermion is given by half the trace anomaly of a Dirac
fermion, so that no imaginary part proportional to the Pontryagin density is
seen to arise.


title: Spin-polarized quantum transport properties through flexible phosphorene

abstract:
  We report a first-principles study on the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) and
spin-injection efficiency (SIE) through phosphorene with nickel electrodes
under the mechanical tension and bending on the phosphorene region. Both the
TMR and SIE are largely improved under these mechanical deformations. For the
uniaxial tension ($\varepsilon_y$) varying from 0 to 15\% applied along the
armchair transport ({\it y}-)direction of the phosphorene, the TMR ratio is
enhanced with a maximum of 107\% at the $\varepsilon_y=10\%$, while the SIE
increases monotonously from 8\% up to 43\% with the increasing of the strain.
Under the out-of-plane bending, the TMR overall increases from 7\% to 50\%
within the bending ratio of 0-3.9\%, and meanwhile the SIE is largely improved
to around 70\%, as compared to that (30\%) of the flat phosphorene. Such
behaviors of the TMR and SIE are mainly affected by the transmission of spin-up
electrons in the parallel configuration, which is highly depended on the
applied mechanical tension and bending. Our results indicate that the
phosphorene based tunnel junctions have promising applications in flexible
electronics.


title:
Optimization of Convolutional Neural Network using Microcanonical
  Annealing Algorithm

abstract:
  Convolutional neural network (CNN) is one of the most prominent architectures
and algorithm in Deep Learning. It shows a remarkable improvement in the
recognition and classification of objects. This method has also been proven to
be very effective in a variety of computer vision and machine learning
problems. As in other deep learning, however, training the CNN is interesting
yet challenging. Recently, some metaheuristic algorithms have been used to
optimize CNN using Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization, Simulated
Annealing and Harmony Search. In this paper, another type of metaheuristic
algorithms with different strategy has been proposed, i.e. Microcanonical
Annealing to optimize Convolutional Neural Network. The performance of the
proposed method is tested using the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets. Although
experiment results of MNIST dataset indicate the increase in computation time
(1.02x - 1.38x), nevertheless this proposed method can considerably enhance the
performance of the original CNN (up to 4.60\%). On the CIFAR10 dataset,
currently, state of the art is 96.53\% using fractional pooling, while this
proposed method achieves 99.14\%.


title:
Energy-Efficient Beam Coordination Strategies with Rate Dependent
  Processing Power

abstract:
  This paper proposes energy-efficient coordinated beamforming strategies for
multi-cell multi-user multiple-input single-output system. We consider a
practical power consumption model, where part of the consumed power depends on
the base station or user specific data rates due to coding, decoding and
backhaul. This is different from the existing approaches where the base station
power consumption has been assumed to be a convex or linear function of the
transmit powers. Two optimization criteria are considered, namely network
energy efficiency maximization and weighted sum energy efficiency maximization.
We develop successive convex approximation based algorithms to tackle these
difficult nonconvex problems. We further propose decentralized implementations
for the considered problems, in which base stations perform parallel and
distributed computation based on local channel state information and limited
backhaul information exchange. The decentralized approaches admit closed-form
solutions and can be implemented without invoking a generic external convex
solver. We also show an example of the pilot contamination effect on the energy
efficiency using a heuristic pilot allocation strategy. The numerical results
are provided to demonstrate that the rate dependent power consumption has a
large impact on the system energy efficiency, and, thus, has to be taken into
account when devising energy-efficient transmission strategies. The significant
gains of the proposed algorithms over the conventional low-complexity
beamforming algorithms are also illustrated.


title: Identifying delayed directional couplings with symbolic transfer entropy

abstract:
  We propose a straightforward extension of symbolic transfer entropy to enable
the investigation of delayed directional relationships between coupled
dynamical systems from time series. Analyzing time series from chaotic model
systems, we demonstrate the applicability and limitations of our approach. Our
findings obtained from applying our method to infer delayed directed
interactions in the human epileptic brain underline the importance of our
approach for improving the construction of functional network structures from
data.

categories: q-bio.NC nlin.CD physics.comp-ph physics.data-an physics.med-ph


title:
Measuring directed interactions using cellular neural networks with
  complex connection topologies

abstract:
  We advance our approach of analyzing the dynamics of interacting complex
systems with the nonlinear dynamics of interacting nonlinear elements. We
replace the widely used lattice-like connection topology of cellular neural
networks (CNN) by complex topologies that include both short- and long-ranged
connections. With an exemplary time-resolved analysis of asymmetric nonlinear
interdependences between the seizure generating area and its immediate
surrounding we provide first evidence for complex CNN connection topologies to
allow for a faster network optimization together with an improved approximation
accuracy of directed interactions.


title:
Fast probe of local electronic states in nanostructures utilizing a
  single-lead quantum dot

abstract:
  Transport measurements are powerful tools to probe electronic properties of
solid-state materials. To access properties of local electronic states in
nanostructures, such as local density of states, electronic distribution and so
on, micro-probes utilizing artificial nanostructures have been invented to
perform measurements in addition to those with conventional macroscopic
electronic reservoirs. Here we demonstrate a new kind of micro-probe: a fast
single-lead quantum dot probe, which utilizes a quantum dot coupled only to the
target structure through a tunneling barrier and fast charge readout by RF
reflectometry. The probe can directly access the local electronic states with
wide bandwidth. The probe can also access more electronic states, not just
those around the Fermi level, and the operations are robust against bias
voltages and temperatures.


title: Equivariant eta forms and equivariant differential $K$-theory

abstract:
  In this paper, for a compact Lie group action,we prove the anomaly formula
and the functoriality of the equivariant Bismut-Cheeger eta forms with
perturbation operators when the equivariant family index vanishes. In order to
prove them, we extend the Melrose-Piazza spectral section and its main
properties to the equivariant case and introduce the equivariant version of the
Dai-Zhang higher spectral flow for arbitrary dimensional fibers.Using these
results, we construct a new analytic model of the equivariant differential
K-theory for compact manifolds when the group action has finite stabilizers
only,which modifies the Bunck-Schick model of the differential K-theory. This
model could also be regarded as an analytic model of the differential K-theory
for compact orbifolds. Especially, we answer a question proposed by Bunke and
Schick about the well-definedness of the push-forward map.


title: Macroscopic and Microscopic Thermal Equilibrium

abstract:
  We study the nature of and approach to thermal equilibrium in isolated
quantum systems. An individual isolated macroscopic quantum system in a pure or
mixed state is regarded as being in thermal equilibrium if all macroscopic
observables assume rather sharply the values obtained from thermodynamics. Of
such a system (or state) we say that it is in macroscopic thermal equilibrium
(MATE). A stronger requirement than MATE is that even microscopic observables
(i.e., ones referring to a small subsystem) have a probability distribution in
agreement with that obtained from the micro-canonical, or equivalently the
canonical, ensemble for the whole system. Of such a system we say that it is in
microscopic thermal equilibrium (MITE). The distinction between MITE and MATE
is particularly relevant for systems with many-body localization (MBL) for
which the energy eigenfuctions fail to be in MITE while necessarily most of
them, but not all, are in MATE. However, if we consider superpositions of
energy eigenfunctions (i.e., typical wave functions $\psi$) in an energy shell,
then for generic macroscopic systems, including those with MBL, most $\psi$ are
in both MATE and MITE. We explore here the properties of MATE and MITE and
compare the two notions, thereby elaborating on ideas introduced in [Goldstein
et al., Phys.Rev.Lett. 115: 100402 (2015)].


title: Magnonic black holes

abstract:
  We show that the interaction between spin-polarized current and magnetization
dynamics can be used to implement black-hole and white-hole horizons for
magnons - the quanta of oscillations in the magnetization direction in magnets.
We consider three different systems: easy-plane ferromagnetic metals, isotropic
antiferromagnetic metals, and easy-plane magnetic insulators. Based on
available experimental data, we estimate that the Hawking temperature can be as
large as 1 K. We comment on the implications of magnonic horizons for spin-wave
scattering and transport experiments, and for magnon entanglement.


title: On the heat capacity of liquids at high temperatures

abstract:
  Making use of a simple approximation for the evolution of the radial
distribution function, we calculate the temperature dependence of the heat
capacity $C_v$ of Ar at constant density. $C_v$ decreases with temperature
roughly according to the law $\sim T^{-1/4}$, slowly approaching the hard
sphere asymptotic value $C_v=\frac{3}{2}R$. However, the asymptotic value of
$C_v$ is not reachable at reasonable temperatures , but stays close to 1.7--1.8
$R$ over a wide range of temperatures after passing a " magic " $2R$ value at
about 2000 K. Nevertheless these values has nothing to do with loss of
vibrational degrees of freedom, but arises as a result of a temperature
variation of the collision diameter $\sigma$. \end{abstract}


title:
Twisted Hilbert modular surfaces, arithmetic intersections and the
  Jacquet-Langlands correspondence

abstract:
  We study arithmetic intersections on twisted (quaternionic) Hilbert modular
surfaces and Shimura curves over a real quadratic field. Our first main result
is the determination of the degree of the top arithmetic Todd class of an
arithmetic twisted Hilbert modular surface. This quantity is then related to
the arithmetic volume of a Shimura curve, via the arithmetic
Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem and the Jacquet-Langlands correspondence.