title:
A propagation matting method based on the Local Sampling and KNN
  Classification with adaptive feature space

abstract:
  Closed Form is a propagation based matting algorithm, functioning well on
images with good propagation . The deficiency of the Closed Form method is that
for complex areas with poor image propagation , such as hole areas or areas of
long and narrow structures. The right results are usually hard to get. On these
areas, if certain flags are provided, it can improve the effects of matting. In
this paper, we design a matting algorithm by local sampling and the KNN
classifier propagation based matting algorithm. First of all, build the
corresponding features space according to the different components of image
colors to reduce the influence of overlapping between the foreground and
background, and to improve the classification accuracy of KNN classifier.
Second, adaptively use local sampling or using local KNN classifier for
processing based on the pros and cons of the sample performance of unknown
image areas. Finally, based on different treatment methods for the unknown
areas, we will use different weight for augmenting constraints to make the
treatment more effective. In this paper, by combining qualitative observation
and quantitative analysis, we will make evaluation of the experimental results
through online standard set of evaluation tests. It shows that on images with
good propagation , this method is as effective as the Closed Form method, while
on images in complex regions, it can perform even better than Closed Form.


title:
Crystal Structure Prediction of Molecular Crystals from First
  Principles: Are we there yet?

abstract:
  Accurate molecular crystal structure prediction is a fundamental goal in
academic and industrial condensed matter research and polymorphism is arguably
the biggest obstacle on the way. We tackle this challenge in the difficult case
of the repeatedly studied, abundantly used aminoacid Glycine that hosts still
little-known phase transitions and we illustrate the current state of the field
through this example. We demonstrate that the combination of recent progress in
structure search algorithms with the latest advances in the description of van
der Waals interactions in Density Functional Theory, supported by data-mining
analysis, enables a leap in predictive power: we resolve, without prior
empirical input, all known phases of glycine, as well as the structure of the
previously unresolved $\zeta$ phase after a decade of its experimental
observation [Boldyreva et al. \textit{Z. Kristallogr.} \textbf{2005,}
\textit{220,} 50-57]. The search for the well-established $\alpha$ phase
instead reveals the remaining challenges in exploring a polymorphic landscape.


title: Non-Reciprocal Wave Propagation in Spatiotemporal Periodic Structures

abstract:
  We study longitudinal and transverse wave propagation in beams with elastic
properties that are periodically varying in space and time. Spatiotemporal
modulation of the elastic properties breaks mechanical reciprocity and induces
one-way propagation. We follow an analytic approach to characterize the
non-reciprocal behavior of the structures by analyzing the symmetry breaking of
the dispersion spectrum, which results in the formation of directional band
gaps and produces shifts of the First Brilloin Zone limits. This approach
allows us to relate position and width of the directional band gaps to the
modulation parameters. Moreover, we identify the critical values of the
modulation speed to maximize the non-reciprocal effect. We numerically verify
the theoretical predictions by using a finite element model of the modulated
beams to compute the transient response of the structure. We compute the
two-dimensional Fourier transform of the collected displacement fields to
calculate numerical band diagrams, showing excellent agreement between
theoretical and numerical dispersion diagrams.


title: No-Scale $\mu$-Term Hybrid Inflation

abstract:
  To solve the fine-tuning problem in $\mu$-Term Hybrid Inflation, we will
realize the supersymmetry scenario with the TeV-scale supersymmetric particles
and intermediate-scale gravitino from anomaly mediation, which can be
consistent with the WMAP and Planck experiments. Moreover, we for the first
time propose the $\mu$-term hybrid inflation in no-scale supergravity. With
four Scenarios for the $SU(3)_C\times SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{B-L}$
model, we show that the correct scalar spectral index $n_s$ can be obtained,
while the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ is prediced to be tiny, about
$10^{-10}-10^{-8}$. Also, the $SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry breaking
scale is around $10^{14}$ GeV, and all the supersymmetric particles except
gravitino are around TeV scale while gravitino mass is around $10^{9-10}$ GeV.
Considering the complete potential terms linear in $S$, we for the first time
show that the tadpole term, which is the key for such kind of inflationary
models to be consistent with the observed scalar spectral index, vanishes after
inflation. Thus, to obtain the $\mu$ term, we need to generate the
supersymmetry breaking soft term $A^{S \Phi \Phi'}_{\kappa} \kappa S \Phi
\Phi'$ due to $A^{S \Phi \Phi'}_{\kappa}=0 $ in no-scale supergravity, where
$\Phi$ and $\Phi'$ are vector-like Higgs fields at high energy. We show that
the proper $A^{S \Phi \Phi'}_{\kappa} \kappa S \Phi \Phi'$ term can be obtained
in the M-theory inspired no-scale supergravity. We also point out that $A^{S
\Phi \Phi'}_{\kappa}$ around 700 GeV can be generated via the renormalization
group equation running from string scale.


title:
Steady-state mechanical squeezing in a double-cavity optomechanical
  system

abstract:
  We study the physical properties of double-cavity optomechanical system in
which the mechanical resonator interacts with one of the coupled cavities and
another cavity is used as an auxiliary cavity. The model can be expected to
achieve the strong optomechanical coupling strength and overcome the
optomechanical cavity decay, simultaneously. Through the coherent auxiliary
cavity interferences, the steady-state squeezing of mechanical resonator can be
generated in highly unresolved sideband regime. The validity of the scheme is
assessed by numerical simulation and theoretical analysis of the steady-state
variance of the mechanical displacement quadrature. The scheme provides a
platform for the mechanical squeezing beyond the resolved sideband limit and
addresses the restricted experimental bounds at present.


title:
Real-time Quasi-Optimal Trajectory Planning for Autonomous Underwater
  Docking

abstract:
  In this paper, a real-time quasi-optimal trajectory planning scheme is
employed to guide an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) safely into a
funnel-shape stationary docking station. By taking advantage of the direct
method of calculus of variation and inverse dynamics optimization, the proposed
trajectory planner provides a computationally efficient framework for
autonomous underwater docking in a 3D cluttered undersea environment. Vehicular
constraints, such as constraints on AUV states and actuators; boundary
conditions, including initial and final vehicle poses; and environmental
constraints, for instance no-fly zones and current disturbances, are all
modelled and considered in the problem formulation. The performance of the
proposed planner algorithm is analyzed through simulation studies. To show the
reliability and robustness of the method in dealing with uncertainty, Monte
Carlo runs and statistical analysis are carried out. The results of the
simulations indicate that the proposed planner is well suited for real-time
implementation in a dynamic and uncertain environment.


title:
Performance of Multilevel Flash Memories with Different Binary
  Labelings: A Multi-User Perspective

abstract:
  In this work, we study the performance of different decoding schemes for
multilevel flash memories where each page in every block is encoded
independently. We focus on the multi-level cell (MLC) flash memory, which is
modeled as a two-user multiple access channel suffering from asymmetric noise.
The uniform rate regions and sum rates of Treating Interference as Noise (TIN)
decoding and Successive Cancelation (SC) decoding are investigated for a
Program/Erase (P/E) cycling model and a data retention model. We examine the
effect of different binary labelings of the cell levels, as well as the impact
of further quantization of the memory output (i.e., additional read
thresholds). Finally, we extend our analysis to the three-level cell (TLC)
flash memory.


title: The cohomology of S(n,k) relavent to Morava stablizer algebra

abstract:
  In this paper we redefine an increasing filtration on the the Hopf algebra
S(n,k), From which we get a spectral sequence called May spectral sequence. As
an application we computed $H^{*,*}S(n,n)$ at prime 2, $H^{*,*}S(3,2)$ at prime
3 and $H^{*,*}S(4,2)$ at prime $p\geqslant 5$


title: VLSI Extreme Learning Machine: A Design Space Exploration

abstract:
  In this paper, we describe a compact low-power, high performance hardware
implementation of the extreme learning machine (ELM) for machine learning
applications. Mismatch in current mirrors are used to perform the vector-matrix
multiplication that forms the first stage of this classifier and is the most
computationally intensive. Both regression and classification (on UCI data
sets) are demonstrated and a design space trade-off between speed, power and
accuracy is explored. Our results indicate that for a wide set of problems,
$\sigma V_T$ in the range of $15-25$mV gives optimal results. An input weight
matrix rotation method to extend the input dimension and hidden layer size
beyond the physical limits imposed by the chip is also described. This allows
us to overcome a major limit imposed on most hardware machine learners. The
chip is implemented in a $0.35 \mu$m CMOS process and occupies a die area of
around 5 mm $\times$ 5 mm. Operating from a $1$ V power supply, it achieves an
energy efficiency of $0.47$ pJ/MAC at a classification rate of $31.6$ kHz.


title:
Transformation of perturbative series into complex phases and
  elimination of secular divergences in time-dependent perturbation theory in
  quantum mechanics

abstract:
  The difficulty that the probabilities infinitely increase with time as time
is long enough in time-dependent perturbation theory for some quantum systems
is resolved by means of simply transforming the perturbative series into
natural exponential functions of the re-summed perturbative series. Three
exactly solvable models are taken to check our new formulation, and excellent
agreements with the exact solution are achieved.


title: The X-ray Properties of Million Solar Mass Black Holes

abstract:
  We present new Chandra X-ray observations of seven low-mass black holes (~1e6
Msun) accreting at low Eddington ratios between -2.0<log L/Ledd<-1.5. We
compare the X-ray properties of these seven low-mass active galactic nuclei
(AGN) to a total of 73 other low-mass AGN in the literature with published
Chandra observations (with Eddington ratios extending from -2.0<log
L/Ledd<-0.1). We do not find any statistical differences between low- and
high-Eddington ratio low-mass AGN in the distributions of their X-ray to
ultraviolet luminosity ratios (aox), or in their X-ray spectral shapes.
Furthermore, the aox distribution of low-L/Ledd AGN displays an X-ray weak tail
that is also observed within high-L/Ledd objects. Our results indicate that
between -2<log L/Ledd<-0.1, there is no systematic change in the structure of
the accretion flow for active galaxies hosting 1e6 Msun black holes. We examine
the accuracy of current bolometric luminosity estimates for our low-L/Ledd
objects with new Chandra observations, and it is plausible that their Eddington
ratios could be underestimated by up to an order of magnitude. If so, then in
analogy with weak emission line quasars, we suggest that accretion from a
geometrically thick, radiatively inefficient `slim disk' could explain their
diverse properties in aox. Alternatively, if current Eddington ratios are in
fact correct (or overestimated), then the X-ray weak tail would imply that
there is diversity in disk/corona couplings among individual low-mass objects.
Finally, we conclude by noting that the aox distribution for low-mass black
holes may have favorable consequences for the epoch of cosmic reionization
being driven by AGN.


title: Learning Attributes Equals Multi-Source Domain Generalization

abstract:
  Attributes possess appealing properties and benefit many computer vision
problems, such as object recognition, learning with humans in the loop, and
image retrieval. Whereas the existing work mainly pursues utilizing attributes
for various computer vision problems, we contend that the most basic
problem---how to accurately and robustly detect attributes from images---has
been left under explored. Especially, the existing work rarely explicitly
tackles the need that attribute detectors should generalize well across
different categories, including those previously unseen. Noting that this is
analogous to the objective of multi-source domain generalization, if we treat
each category as a domain, we provide a novel perspective to attribute
detection and propose to gear the techniques in multi-source domain
generalization for the purpose of learning cross-category generalizable
attribute detectors. We validate our understanding and approach with extensive
experiments on four challenging datasets and three different problems.


title: Distinction of regular depth-zero supercuspidal L-packets

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the relative Langlands program formulated by Dipendra
Prasad for Galois symmetric spaces. Under certain assumptions, we confirm the
necessary conditions in Prasad's conjecture for regular depth-zero
supercuspidal L-packets.


title: Spin-incoherent one-dimensional spin-1 Bose Luttinger liquid

abstract:
  We investigate spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid of a one-dimensional spin-1
Bose gas in a harmonic trap. In this regime highly degenerate spin
configurations emerge since the spin exchange energy is much less than the
thermal energy of the system, while the temperature is low enough that the
lowest energetic orbitals are occupied. As an example we numerically study the
momentum distribution of a one-dimensional spin-1 Bose gas in Tonks- Girardeau
gas limit and in the sector of zero magnetization.We find that the momentum
distributions broaden as the number of atoms increase due to the averaging of
spin function overlaps. Large momentum ($p$) asymptotic is analytically
derived, showing the universal $1/p^4$ dependence. We demonstrate that the
spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid has a momentum distribution also distinct from
spinless bosons at finite temperature.


title: Noncommutative $q$-photon added coherent states

abstract:
  We construct the photon added coherent states of a noncommutative harmonic
oscillator associated to a $q$-deformed oscillator algebra. Various
nonclassical properties of the corresponding system are explored, first, by
studying two different types of higher order quadrature squeezing, namely the
Hillery-type and the Hong--Mandel-type and, second, by testing the
sub-Poissonian nature of photon statistics in higher order with the help of the
correlation function and the Mandel parameter. By comparing our results with
those of the usual harmonic oscillator, we notice that the quadratures and
photon number distributions in noncommutative case are more squeezed for the
same values of the parameters and, thus, the photon added coherent states of
noncommutative harmonic oscillator may be more nonclassical in comparison to
the ordinary harmonic oscillator.


title:
Density affects the nature of the hexatic-liquid transition in
  two-dimensional melting of core-softened systems

abstract:
  We find that both continuous and discontinuous hexatic-liquid transitions can
happen in the melting of two-dimensional solids of soft-core disks. For three
typical model systems, Hertzian, harmonic, and Gaussian-core models, we observe
the same scenarios. These systems exhibit reentrant crystallization (melting)
with a maximum melting temperature $T_m$ happening at a crossover density
$\rho_m$. The hexatic-liquid transition at a density smaller than $\rho_m$ is
discontinuous. Liquid and hexatic phases coexist in a density interval, which
becomes narrower with increasing temperature and tends to vanish approximately
at $T_m$. Above $\rho_m$, the transition is continuous, in agreement with the
Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young theory. For these soft-core systems,
the nature of the hexatic-liquid transition depends on density (pressure), with
the melting at $\rho_m$ being a plausible transition point from discontinuous
to continuous hexatic-liquid transition.


title:
Evolutionary advantage of a broken symmetry in autocatalytic polymers
  explains fundamental properties of DNA

abstract:
  The macromolecules that encode and translate information in living systems,
DNA and RNA, exhibit distinctive structural asymmetries, including
homochirality or mirror image asymmetry and $3' - 5'$ directionality, that are
invariant across all life forms. The evolutionary advantages of these broken
symmetries remain unknown. Here we utilize a very simple model of hypothetical
self-replicating polymers to show that asymmetric autocatalytic polymers are
more successful in self-replication compared to their symmetric counterparts in
the Darwinian competition for space and common substrates. This broken-symmetry
property, called asymmetric cooperativity, arises with the maximization of a
replication potential, where the catalytic influence of inter-strand bonds on
their left and right neighbors is unequal. Asymmetric cooperativity also leads
to tentative, qualitative and simple evolution-based explanations for a number
of other properties of DNA that include four nucleotide alphabet, three
nucleotide codons, circular genomes, helicity, anti-parallel double-strand
orientation, heteromolecular base-pairing, asymmetric base compositions, and
palindromic instability, apart from the structural asymmetries mentioned above.
Our model results and tentative explanations are consistent with multiple lines
of experimental evidence, which include evidence for the presence of asymmetric
cooperativity in DNA.


title:
Plutos interaction with its space environment: Solar Wind, Energetic
  Particles & Dust

abstract:
  The New Horizons spacecraft carried three instruments that measured the space
environment near Pluto as it flew by on 14 July 2015. The Solar Wind Around
Pluto instrument revealed an interaction region confined sunward of Pluto to
within about 6 Pluto radii. The surprisingly small size is consistent with a
reduced atmospheric escape rate as well as a particularly high solar wind flux.
The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI)
observations suggested ions are accelerated and-or deflected around Pluto. In
the wake of the interaction region PEPSSI observed suprathermal particle fluxes
about one tenth the flux in the interplanetary medium, increasing with distance
downstream. The Student Dust Counter, which measures radius greater than 1.4 um
grains, detected 1 candidate impact from 5days before to 5 days after closest
approach, indicating an upper limit for the dust density in the Pluto system of
4.6 per cubic km.


title: On the Light dilaton in the Large N Tri-critical O(N) Model

abstract:
  The leading order of the large N limit of the O(N) symmetric phi-six theory
in three dimensions has a phase which exhibits spontaneous breaking of scale
symmetry accompanied by a massless dilaton which is a Goldstone boson. At the
next-to-leading order in large N, the phi-six coupling has a beta function of
order 1/N and it is expected that the dilaton acquires a small mass,
proportional to the beta function and the condensate. In this note, we show
that this "light dilaton" is actually a tachyon. This indicates an instability
of the phase of the theory with spontaneously broken approximate scale
invariance.


title: Learning from Binary Labels with Instance-Dependent Corruption

abstract:
  Suppose we have a sample of instances paired with binary labels corrupted by
arbitrary instance- and label-dependent noise. With sufficiently many such
samples, can we optimally classify and rank instances with respect to the
noise-free distribution? We provide a theoretical analysis of this question,
with three main contributions. First, we prove that for instance-dependent
noise, any algorithm that is consistent for classification on the noisy
distribution is also consistent on the clean distribution. Second, we prove
that for a broad class of instance- and label-dependent noise, a similar
consistency result holds for the area under the ROC curve. Third, for the
latter noise model, when the noise-free class-probability function belongs to
the generalised linear model family, we show that the Isotron can efficiently
and provably learn from the corrupted sample.


title:
Estimation of mass outflow rates from viscous relativistic accretion
  discs around black holes

abstract:
  We investigated flow in Schwarzschild metric, around a non-rotating black
hole and obtained self-consistent accretion - ejection solution in full general
relativity. We covered the whole of parameter space in the advective regime to
obtain shocked, as well as, shock-free accretion solution. We computed the jet
streamline using von - Zeipel surfaces and projected the jet equations of
motion on to the streamline and solved them simultaneously with the accretion
disc equations of motion. We found that steady shock cannot exist {for $\alpha
\gsim0.06$} in the general relativistic prescription, but is lower if mass -
loss is considered too. We showed that for fixed outer boundary, the shock
moves closer to the horizon with increasing viscosity parameter. The mass
outflow rate increases as the shock moves closer to the black hole, but
eventually decreases, maximizing at some intermediate value of shock
{location}. The jet terminal speed increases with stronger shocks,
quantitatively speaking, the terminal speed of jets $v_{{\rm j}\infty} > 0.1$
if $\rsh < 20 \rg$. The maximum of the outflow rate obtained in the general
relativistic regime is less than $6\%$ of the mass accretion rate.


title: Optomechanical cooling in the non-Markovian regime

abstract:
  We propose a scheme in which the cooling of a mechanical resonator is
achieved by exposing the optomechanical system to a non-Markovian environment.
Because of the backflow from the non-Markovian environment, the phonon number
can go beyond the conventional cooling limit in a Markovian environment.
Utilizing the spectrum density obtained in the recent experiment [Nature
Communications 6, 7606 (2015)], we show that the cooling process is highly
effective in a non-Markovian environment. The analysis of the cooling mechanism
in a non-Markovian environment reveals that the non-Markovian memory effect is
instrumental to the cooling process.


title:
General quantum-mechanical setting for field-antifield formalism as a
  hyper-gauge theory

abstract:
  A general quantum-mechanical setting is proposed for the field-antifield
formalism as a unique hyper-gauge theory in the field-antifield space. We
formulate a Schr\"odinger-type equation to describe the quantum evolution in a
"current time" purely formal in its nature. The corresponding Hamiltonian is
defined in the form of a supercommutator of the delta-operator with a
hyper-gauge Fermion. The initial wave function is restricted to be annihilated
with the delta-operator. The Schr\"odinger's equation is resolved in a closed
form of the path integral, whose action contains the symmetric Weyl's symbol of
the Hamiltonian. We take the path integral explicitly in the case of being a
hyper-gauge Fermion an arbitrary function rather than an operator.


title: Beyond mean-field boson-fermion model for odd-mass nuclei

abstract:
  A novel method for calculating spectroscopic properties of medium-mass and
heavy atomic nuclei with an odd number of nucleons is introduced, based on the
framework of nuclear energy density functional theory and the particle-core
coupling scheme. The deformation energy surface of the even-even core, as well
as the spherical single-particle energies and occupation probabilities of the
odd particle(s), are obtained in a self-consistent mean-field calculation
determined by the choice of the energy density functional and pairing
interaction. This method uniquely determines the parameters of the Hamiltonian
of the boson core, and only the strength of the particle-core coupling is
specifically adjusted to selected data for a particular nucleus. The approach
is illustrated in a systematic study of low-energy excitation spectra and
transition rates of axially deformed odd-mass Eu isotopes.


title:
Reservoir-induced Thouless pumping and symmetry protected topological
  order in open quantum chains

abstract:
  We introduce a classification scheme for symmetry protected topological
phases applicable to stationary states of open systems based on a
generalization of the many-body polarization. The polarization can be used to
probe the topological properties of non-interacting and interacting closed and
open systems as well and remains a meaningful quantity even in the presence of
moderate particle-number fluctuations. As examples, we discuss two open-system
versions of a topological Thouless pump in the steady state of one-dimensional
lattices driven by Markovian reservoirs. In the analogous unitary system, the
Rice-Mele model, symmetries enforce topological properties which lead to a
non-trivial winding of the geometric Zak phase upon cyclic variations of model
parameters. Associated with this is a winding of the many-body polarization,
corresponding to a quantized transport in the bulk (Thouless pump). We here
show that in the open system, where the Zak phase looses its meaning, the same
symmetries enforce a winding of the generalized many- body polarization. This
winding is shown to be robust against Hamiltonian perturbations as well as
homogeneous dephasing and particle losses..


title: On line and pseudoline configurations and ball-quotients

abstract:
  In this note we show that there are no real configurations of $d\geq 4$ lines
in the projective plane such that the associated Kummer covers of order
$3^{d-1}$ are ball-quotients and there are no configurations of $d\geq 4$ lines
such that the Kummer covers of order $4^{d-1}$ are ball-quotients. Moreover, we
show that there exists only one configuration of real lines such that the
associated Kummer cover of order $5^{d-1}$ is a ball-quotient. In the second
part we consider the so-called topological $(n_{k})$-configurations and we
show, using Shnurnikov's inequality, that for $n < 27$ there do not exist
$(n_{5})$-configurations and and for $n < 41$ there do not exist
$(n_{6})$-configurations.


title: Efficient Distributed Estimation of Inverse Covariance Matrices

abstract:
  In distributed systems, communication is a major concern due to issues such
as its vulnerability or efficiency. In this paper, we are interested in
estimating sparse inverse covariance matrices when samples are distributed into
different machines. We address communication efficiency by proposing a method
where, in a single round of communication, each machine transfers a small
subset of the entries of the inverse covariance matrix. We show that, with this
efficient distributed method, the error rates can be comparable with estimation
in a non-distributed setting, and correct model selection is still possible.
Practical performance is shown through simulations.


title: Topological Numbers and the Weyl Semimetal

abstract:
  Generalized Dirac monopoles in momentum space are constructed in even d+1
dimensions from the Weyl Hamiltonian in terms of Green's functions. In 3+1
spacetime dimensions, the (unit) charge of the monopole is equal to both the
winding number and the Chern number, expressed as the integral of the Berry
curvature. Based on the equivalence of the Chern and winding numbers, a
chirally coupled field theory action is proposed for the Weyl semimetal phase.
At the one loop order, the effective action yields both the chiral magnetic
effect and the anomalous Hall effect. The Chern number appears as a coefficient
in the conductivity, thus emphasizes the role of topology. The anomalous
contribution of chiral fermions to transport phenomena is reflected as the
gauge anomaly with the topological term $(\bm{E}\cdot\bm{B})$. Relevance of
monopoles and Chern numbers for the semiclassical chiral kinetic theory is also
discussed.

categories: hep-th cond-mat.mes-hall math-ph math.MP


title: Fast Detection of Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes with Unknown Channel

abstract:
  This letter investigates the problem of blind detection of orthogonal
space-time block codes (OSTBC) over a quasi-static flat multiple-input
multiple-output (MIMO) Rayleigh fading channel. We first introduce a core
iterative least-squares (ILS) algorithm to blindly detect OSTBC signals without
the knowledge of channel state information (SCI) at the receiver. This ILS
algorithm has low computational complexity but may converge to local optimum
which offers unreliable detection result. Then, in order to improve the
detection performance, we propose an enhanced ILS (E-ILS) approach which is
based on statistical analysis of repeated independent ILS procedures on
received data. Extensive simulation studies prove the efficiency of the
proposed E-ILS algorithm with blind detection performance approaching the
optimal maximum-likelihood detector with known CSI.


title: Gravitational Wave for a pedestrian

abstract:
  The physics of gravitational wave and its detection in the recent experiment
by the LIGO collaboration is discussed in simple terms for a general audience.
The main article is devoid of any mathematics, but an appendix is included for
inquisitive readers where essential mathematics for general theory of
relativity and gravitational waves are given.

categories: physics.pop-ph astro-ph.HE hep-ex hep-ph nucl-th


title: Revisiting a Theorem of L.A. Shepp on Optimal Stopping

abstract:
  Using a bondholder who seeks to determine when to sell his bond as our
motivating example, we revisit one of Larry Shepp's classical theorems on
optimal stopping. We offer a novel proof of Theorem 1 from from \cite{Shepp}.
Our approach is that of guessing the optimal control function and proving its
optimality with martingales. Without martingale theory one could hardly prove
our guess to be correct.


title:
Automatic Identification of Retinal Arteries and Veins in Fundus Images
  using Local Binary Patterns

abstract:
  Artery and vein (AV) classification of retinal images is a key to necessary
tasks, such as automated measurement of arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio
(AVR). This paper comprehensively reviews the state-of-the art in AV
classification methods. To improve on previous methods, a new Local Bi- nary
Pattern-based method (LBP) is proposed. Beside its simplicity, LBP is robust
against low contrast and low quality fundus images; and it helps the process by
including additional AV texture and shape information. Experimental results
compare the performance of the new method with the state-of-the art; and also
methods with different feature extraction and classification schemas.


title: Universal entropy relations: entropy formulae and entropy bound

abstract:
  We survey the applications of universal entropy relations in black holes with
multi-horizons. In sharp distinction to conventional entropy product, the
entropy relationship here not only improve our understanding of black hole
entropy but was introduced as an elegant technique trick for handling various
entropy bounds and sum. Despite the primarily technique role, entropy relations
have provided considerable insight into several different types of gravity,
including massive gravity, Einstein-Dilaton gravity and Horava-Lifshitz
gravity. We present and discuss the results for each one.


title: The reverberation lag in the low mass X-ray binary H1743-322

abstract:
  The evolution of the inner accretion flow of a black hole X-ray binary
(BHXRB) during the outburst is still a matter of active research. X-ray
reverberation lags are powerful tools to constrain the disk-corona geometry. We
present a study of X-ray lags in the black hole transient H1743-322. We
compared results obtained from the analysis of all the publicly available
XMM-Newton observations. These observations were carried out during two
different outbursts, happened in 2008 and 2014. During all the observations the
source is caught in the hard state and at similar luminosities
($\mathrm{L_{3-10\ keV}/L_{Edd}\sim 0.004}$). We detected a soft X-ray lag of
$\sim$60 ms, most likely due to thermal reverberation. We did not detect any
significant change of the lag amplitude among the different observations,
indicating a similar disk-corona geometry at the same luminosity in the hard
state. On the other hand, we observe significant differences between the
reverberation lag detected in H1743-322 and in GX 339-4 (at similar
luminosities in the hard state), which might indicate variations of the
geometry from source to source.


title:
Walk-Unlock: Zero-Interaction Authentication Protected with Multi-Modal
  Gait Biometrics

abstract:
  Zero-interaction authentication (ZIA) refers to a form of user-transparent
login mechanism using which a terminal (e.g., a desktop computer) can be
unlocked by the mere proximity of an authentication token (e.g., a smartphone).
Given its appealing usability, ZIA has already been deployed in many real-world
applications. However, ZIA contains one major security weakness - unauthorized
physical access to the token, e.g., during lunch-time or upon theft, allows the
attacker to have unfettered access to the terminal.
  In this paper, we address this gaping vulnerability with ZIA systems by
(un)locking the authentication token with the user's walking pattern as she
approaches the terminal to access it. Since a user's walking or gait pattern is
believed to be unique, only that user (no imposter) would be able to unlock the
token to gain access to the terminal in a ZIA session. While walking-based
biometrics schemes have been studied in prior literature for other application
settings, our main novelty lies in the careful use of: (1) multiple sensors
available on the current breed of devices (e.g., accelerometer, gyroscope and
magnetometer), and (2) multiple devices carried by the user (in particular, an
"in-pocket" smartphone and a "wrist-worn" smartwatch), that all capture unique
facets of user's walking pattern. Our contributions are three-fold. First, we
introduce, design and implement WUZIA ("Walk-Unlock ZIA"), a multi-modal
walking biometrics approach tailored to enhance the security of ZIA systems
(still with zero interaction). Second, we demonstrate that WUZIA offers a high
degree of detection accuracy, based on multi-sensor and multi-device fusion.
Third, we show that WUZIA can resist active attacks that attempt to mimic a
user's walking pattern, especially when multiple devices are used.


title: Thermodynamic geometry of black holes in f(R) gravity

abstract:
  In this paper, we consider three types (static, static charged and rotating
charged) of black holes in f(R) gravity. We study the thermodynamical behavior,
stability conditions and phase transition of these black holes. It will be
shown that, the number and type of phase transition points are related to
different parameters, which shows the dependency of stability conditions to
these parameters. Also, we extended our study to different thermodynamic
geometry methods (Ruppeiner, Weinhold and GTD). Next, we investigate the
compatibility of curvature scalar of geothermodynamic methods with phase
transition points of the above balck holes. In addition, we point out the
effect of different values of spacetime parameters on stability conditions of
mentioned black holes.


title:
Controlled propulsion and separation of helical particles at the
  nanoscale

abstract:
  Controlling the motion of nano and microscale objects in a fluid environment
is a key factor in designing optimized tiny machines that perform mechanical
tasks such as transport of drugs or genetic material in cells, fluid mixing to
accelerate chemical reactions, and cargo transport in microfluidic chips.
Directed motion is made possible by the coupled translational and rotational
motion of asymmetric particles. A current challenge in achieving directed and
controlled motion at the nanoscale lies in overcoming random Brownian motion
due to thermal fluctuations in the fluid. We use a hybrid lattice-Boltzmann
Molecular Dynamics method with full hydrodynamic interactions and thermal
fluctuations to demonstrate that controlled propulsion of individual
nanohelices in an aqueous environment is possible. We optimize the propulsion
velocity and the efficiency of externally driven nanohelices. We quantify the
importance of the thermal effects on the directed motion by calculating the
P\'eclet number for various shapes, number of turns and pitch lengths of the
helices. Consistent with the experimental microscale separation of chiral
objects, our results indicate that in the presence of thermal fluctuations at
P\'eclet numbers $>10$, chiral particles follow the direction of propagation
according to its handedness and the direction of the applied torque making
separation of chiral particles possible at the nanoscale. Our results provide
criteria for the design and control of helical machines at the nanoscale.

categories: physics.flu-dyn cond-mat.soft physics.bio-ph physics.comp-ph


title:
Delay Analysis and Optimization in Cache-enabled Multi-Cell Cooperative
  Networks

abstract:
  Caching at the base stations (BSs) has been widely adopted to reduce the
delivery delay and alleviate the backhaul traffic between BSs and the core
network. In this paper, we consider a collaborative content caching scheme
among BSs in cache-enabled multi-cell cooperative networks, where the requested
contents can be obtained from the associated BS, the other collaborative BSs or
the core network. Novelly, we model the stochastic request traffic and derive a
closed form expression for the average delay per request based on multi-class
processor sharing queuing theory. We then formulate a cooperative caching
optimization problem of minimizing the average delay under the finite cache
size constraint at BSs and show it to be at least NP-complete. Furthermore, we
prove it equivalent to the maximization of a monotone submodular function
subject to matroid constraints, allowing us to adopt the common greedy
algorithm with 1/2 performance guarantee. A heuristic greedy caching strategy
is also developed, achieving a better performance than the conventional greedy
solution. Simulation results verify the accuracy of the analytical results and
demonstrate the performance gains obtained by our proposed caching scheme.


title:
Enhancement in the effectiveness of requirement change management model
  for global software development

abstract:
  The need for change in project requirements is necessary for every
organization due to change in technology,change in government policy,and change
of customer or stakeholders requirements.Requirement Change Management RCM is
not an easy task,especially in Global Software Development GSD where team
members are globally distributed in different geographical location and a
cultural difference is present between team members. So it becomes more
difficult to manage these changes. There are a number of risks that are faced
during requirement change management in global software development process.
The aim of this research is to discuss these issues,tools and techniques that
are being used to reduce the effectiveness of these issues in requirement
change management. On the basis of these methods,propose a new model that will
enhance the effectiveness of requirement change management process.


title: Spectral functions and in-medium properties of hadrons

abstract:
  The in-medium modifications of hadron properties such as masses and decay
widths have been a major focus of the scientific work of Gerry Brown and the
insights gained by him and his collaborators made them major drivers of this
field for several decades. Their prediction of experimental signals in
di-lepton pair production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions were
instrumental in initiating large experimental campaigns which continue until
today. In this chapter we review recent results which elucidate the relation of
hadronic spectral properties at finite temperature and density to the
restoration of spontaneously broken chiral symmetry.


title: Bandwidth and delay issue s on the network routing

abstract:
  N/W has always been intended to be incredibly strong. H/W and software
changes affect basic structure on the N/W capacity. N/W-Routing-protocols have
been used to determine the shortest path as the goal. N/W information is
deployed using dominant interior N/W-Routing-protocols. Although in N/W little
instability is associated with bandwidth and latency this requires analysis.
Statistical analysis of the samples have been taken for identifying the
relationship between dependent and independent variables. Study has been made
to see the relations with the delay, bandwidth, and N/W-Routing stability to
draw to the conclusions for a positive relationship. Thus, for getting the
better performance and results, bandwidth and delay should be reduced, as
suggested in this paper.


title: On the Hamiltonicity of triple systems with high minimum degree

abstract:
  We show that every 3-uniform hypergraph with minimum vertex degree at least
$0.8\binom{n-1}{2}$ contains a tight Hamiltonian cycle.


title:
Estimating software reliability in maintenance phase through ann and
  statistics

abstract:
  Maintenance is the last and the most critical phase of the software
development life cycle. It involves debugging of errors and different types of
enhancements which are requested by the user. Software reliability regarding
maintenance is the most crucial part as it depends upon the time and cost to
correct the errors and make enchantements. It is often felt that software
errors or correction takes time to be removed. The maintenance time depends
upon the nature of the occurred errors and requested enhancements. In this
research work we predict the software reliability in terms of time taken to
maintain the errors and enhancements. Artificial Neural Network is used to
analyze and predict the software reliability of the maintenance phase. At the
end statistical results and proposed neural network results are also compared
to make sure that forecasted results are equal to the output results. These
results are compared to show that the ANN can understand the relationship
between data in a better way. This research work also shows how much it is
difficult to understand the nature of maintenance data.


title:
Spatially Aware Dictionary Learning and Coding for Fossil Pollen
  Identification

abstract:
  We propose a robust approach for performing automatic species-level
recognition of fossil pollen grains in microscopy images that exploits both
global shape and local texture characteristics in a patch-based matching
methodology. We introduce a novel criteria for selecting meaningful and
discriminative exemplar patches. We optimize this function during training
using a greedy submodular function optimization framework that gives a
near-optimal solution with bounded approximation error. We use these selected
exemplars as a dictionary basis and propose a spatially-aware sparse coding
method to match testing images for identification while maintaining global
shape correspondence. To accelerate the coding process for fast matching, we
introduce a relaxed form that uses spatially-aware soft-thresholding during
coding. Finally, we carry out an experimental study that demonstrates the
effectiveness and efficiency of our exemplar selection and classification
mechanisms, achieving $86.13\%$ accuracy on a difficult fine-grained species
classification task distinguishing three types of fossil spruce pollen.


title:
Optical properties of VO$_2$ films at the phase transition: influence of
  substrate and electronic correlations

abstract:
  Thin films of VO$_2$ on different substrates, Al$_2$O$_3$ and SiO$_2$/Si,
have been prepared and characterized from room temperature up to 360 K. From
the band structure in the rutile metallic phase and in the monoclinic
insulating phase the optical properties are calculated and compared with
reflection measurements as a function of temperatures. Various interband
transitions can be assigned and compared with previous speculations. We extract
the parameters of the metallic charge carriers that evolve upon crossing the
insulator-to-metal phase transition and find effects by the substrate. The
effect of electronic correlations becomes obvious at the phase transition.


title:
Polylactic acid-nanocrystalline carbonated hydroxyapatite (PLA-cHAP)
  composite: preparation and surface topographical structuring with direct
  laser writing (DLW)

abstract:
  The fabrication of polylactic acid (PLA)-carbonated hydroxyapatite (cHAP)
composite material from synthesised phase pure nano-cHAP and melted PLA by
mechanical mixing at 220-235{\deg}C has been developed in this study.
Topographical structuring of PLA-cHAP composite surfaces was performed by
direct laser writing (DLW). Microstructured surfaces and the apatite
distribution within the composite and formed grooves were evaluated by optical
and scanning electron microscopies. The influence of the dopant concentration
as well as the laser power and translation velocity on the composite surface
morphology is discussed. The synthesis of carbonated hydroxyapatite (cHAP)
nanocrystalline powders via wet chemistry approach from calcium acetate and
diammonium hydrogen phosphate precursors together with crosslinking and
complexing agents of polyethylene glycol, poly(vinyl alcohol) and
triethanolamine is also reported. Thermal decomposition of the gels and
formation of nanocrystalline cHAP were evaluated by thermal analysis, mass
spectrometry and dilatometry measurements. The effect of organic additives on
the formation and morphological features of cHAP was investigated. The phase
purity and crystallinity of the carbonated apatite powders were evaluated by
X-ray diffraction analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy.


title:
The influence of edge effects on the determination of the doping profile
  of silicon pad diodes

abstract:
  Edge effects for square p+n pad diodes with guard rings, fabricated on
high-ohmic silicon, are investigated. Using capacitance-voltage measurements of
two pad diodes with different areas, the planar and the edge contributions to
the diode capacitance are determined separately. It is shown that the doping
concentration derived from the capacitance-voltage measurements with and
without edge corrections differ significantly. After the edge correction, the
bulk doping of the pad diodes is found to be uniform within +/- 1.5%. The
voltage dependence of the edge capacitance is compared to the predictions of
two simple models.


title:
Temporal Clustering of Time Series via Threshold Autoregressive Models:
  Application to Commodity Prices

abstract:
  This study aimed to find temporal clusters for several commodity prices using
the threshold non-linear autoregressive model. It is expected that the process
of determining the commodity groups that are time-dependent will advance the
current knowledge about the dynamics of co-moving and coherent prices, and can
serve as a basis for multivariate time series analyses. The clustering of
commodity prices was examined using the proposed clustering approach based on
time series models to incorporate the time varying properties of price series
into the clustering scheme. Accordingly, the primary aim in this study was
grouping time series according to the similarity between their Data Generating
Mechanisms (DGMs) rather than comparing pattern similarities in the time series
traces. The approximation to the DGM of each series was accomplished using
threshold autoregressive models, which are recognized for their ability to
represent nonlinear features in time series, such as abrupt changes,
time-irreversibility and regime-shifting behavior. Through the use of the
proposed approach, one can determine and monitor the set of co-moving time
series variables across the time dimension. Furthermore, generating a time
varying commodity price index and sub-indexes can become possible.
Consequently, we conducted a simulation study to assess the effectiveness of
the proposed clustering approach and the results are presented for both the
simulated and real data sets.


title: Laurent phenomenon algebras and the discrete BKP equation

abstract:
  We construct the Laurent phenomenon algebras the cluster variables of which
satisfy the discrete BKP equation and other difference equations obtained by
its reduction. These Laurent phenomenon algebras are constructed from seeds
with a generalization of mutation-period property. We show that a reduction of
a seed corresponds to a reduction of a difference equation.


title: Configuration Equivalence is not Equivalent to Isomorphism

abstract:
  Giving a condition for the the amenability of groups, Rosenblatt and Willis,
first introduced the concept of configuration. From the beginning of the
theory, the question whether the concept of configuration equivalence coincides
with the concept of group isomorphism was posed. We negatively answer this open
question by introducing two non-isomorphic, solvable and hence amenable groups
which are configuration equivalent. Also, we will study some types of subgroups
in configuration equivalent groups. In particular, we will prove this
conjecture, due to Rosenblatt and Willis, that configuration equivalent groups,
both include the free non-Abelian group of same rank or not. Finally, we prove
that two-sided equivalent groups have same class numbers.


title: Algebraic benchmark for prolate-oblate coexistence in nuclei

abstract:
  We present a symmetry-based approach for prolate-oblate and
spherical-prolate-oblate shape coexistence, in the framework of the interacting
boson model of nuclei. The proposed Hamiltonian conserves the SU(3) and
$\overline{\rm SU(3)}$ symmetry for the prolate and oblate ground bands and the
U(5) symmetry for selected spherical states. Analytic expressions for
quadrupole moments and $E2$ rates involving these states are derived and
isomeric states are identified by means of selection rules.


title:
Mechanism of the Fano resonance in a planar metamaterials: Analysis from
  the coupled two-oscillator model

abstract:
  Mechanism of the Fano resonances in planar metamaterials demonstrate based on
the coupled two-oscillator model. We have described the optical spectrums like
reflectance and transmittance near the resonances of bright mode (continuum
mode) and dark mode (discrete mode) and explained their optical properties by
the Fano formulism. the Fano formulism of the resonances in the planar
metamaterials can predict the asymmetric shape line and radiative properties
occurring in reflectance and transmittance from the coupling between bright and
dark modes.


title:
Proceedings of the 2013 CERN - Latin-American School of High-Energy
  Physics (CLASHEP 2013), Arequipa, Peru, 6-19 Mar 2013

abstract:
  The CERN - Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics is intended to give
young physicists an introduction to the theoretical aspects of recent advances
in elementary particle physics. These proceedings contain lecture notes on the
Standard Model of electroweak interactions, quantum chromodynamics, flavour
physics, quantum chromodynamics under extreme conditions, cosmic-ray physics,
cosmology, recent highlights of LHC results, practical statistics for particle
physicists and a short introduction to the principles of particle physics
instrumentation.


title:
Stochastic completeness and gradient representations for sub-Riemannian
  manifolds

abstract:
  Given a second order partial differential operator $L$ satisfying the strong
H\"ormander condition with corresponding heat semigroup $P_t$, we give two
different stochastic representations of $dP_t f$ for a bounded smooth function
$f$. We show that the first identity can be used to prove infinite lifetime of
a diffusion of $\frac{1}{2} L$, while the second one is used to find an
explicit pointwise bound for the horizontal gradient on a Carnot group. In both
cases, the underlying idea is to consider the interplay between sub-Riemannian
geometry and connections compatible with this geometry.


title: Quantum cloning attacks against PUF-based quantum authentication systems

abstract:
  With the advent of Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs), PUF-based quantum
authentication systems (QAS) have been proposed for security purposes and
recently proof-of-principle experiment has been demonstrated. As a further step
towards completing the security analysis, we investigate quantum cloning
attacks against PUF-based quantum authentication systems and prove that quantum
cloning attacks outperform the so-called challenge-estimation attacks. We
present the analytical expression of the false accept probability by use of the
corresponding optimal quantum cloning machines and extend the previous results
in the literature. In light of these findings, an explicit comparison is made
between PUF-based quantum authentication systems and quantum key distribution
(QKD) protocols in the context of cloning attacks. Moreover, from an
experimental perspective, a trade-off between the average photon number and the
detection efficiency is discussed in detail.


title:
Obstacle evasion using fuzzy logic in a sliding blades problem
  environment

abstract:
  This paper discusses obstacle avoidance using fuzzy logic and shortest path
algorithm. This paper also introduces the sliding blades problem and
illustrates how a drone can navigate itself through the swinging blade
obstacles while tracing a semi-optimal path and also maintaining constant
velocity


title: Online Learning of Commission Avoidant Portfolio Ensembles

abstract:
  We present a novel online ensemble learning strategy for portfolio selection.
The new strategy controls and exploits any set of commission-oblivious
portfolio selection algorithms. The strategy handles transaction costs using a
novel commission avoidance mechanism. We prove a logarithmic regret bound for
our strategy with respect to optimal mixtures of the base algorithms. Numerical
examples validate the viability of our method and show significant improvement
over the state-of-the-art.


title: Frobenius-norm-based measures of quantum coherence and asymmetry

abstract:
  We formulate the Frobenius-norm-based measures for quantum coherence and
asymmetry respectively. In contrast to the resource theory of coherence and
asymmetry, we construct a natural measure of quantum coherence inspired from
optical coherence theory while the group theoretical approach is employed to
quantify the asymmetry of quantum states. Besides their simple structures and
explicit physical meanings, we observe that these quantities are intimately
related to the purity (or linear entropy) of the corresponding quantum states.
Remarkably, we demonstrate that the proposed coherence quantifier is not only a
measure of mixedness, but also an intrinsic (basis-independent) quantification
of quantum coherence contained in quantum states, which can also be viewed as a
normalized version of Brukner-Zeilinger invariant information. In our context,
the asymmetry of N-qubit quantum systems is considered under local independent
and collective SU(2) transformations. Intriguingly, it is illustrated that the
collective effect has a significant impact on the asymmetry measure, and
quantum correlation between subsystems plays a non-negligible role in this
circumstance.


title:
Water rotational jump driven large amplitude molecular motions of
  nitrate ions in aqueous potassium nitrate solution

abstract:
  Molecular dynamics simulations of aqueous potassium nitrate solution reveal a
highly complex rotational dynamics of nitrate ions where, superimposed on the
expected continuous Brownian motion, are large amplitude angular jumps that are
coupled to and at least partly driven by similar large amplitude jump motions
in water molecules which are associated with change in the hydrogen bonded
water molecule. These jumps contribute significantly to rotational and
translational motions of these ions. We explore the detailed mechanism of these
correlated (or, coupled) jumps and introduce a new time correlation function to
decompose the coupled orientational- jump dynamics of solvent and solute in the
aqueous electrolytic solution. Time correlation function provides for the
unequivocal determination of the time constant involved in orientational
dynamics originating from making and breaking of hydrogen bonds. We discover
two distinct mechanisms-both are coupled to density fluctuation but are of
different types.


title:
Development of the MICROMEGAS Detector for Measuring the Energy Spectrum
  of Alpha Particles by using a 241-Am Source

abstract:
  We have developed MICROMEGAS (MICRO MEsh GASeous) detectors for detecting
{\alpha} particles emitted from an 241-Am standard source. The voltage applied
to the ionization region of the detector is optimized for stable operation at
room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The energy of {\alpha} particles
from the 241-Am source can be varied by changing the flight path of the
{\alpha} particle from the 241 Am source. The channel numbers of the
experimentally-measured pulse peak positions for different energies of the
{\alpha} particles are associated with the energies deposited by the alpha
particles in the ionization region of the detector as calculated by using
GEANT4 simulations; thus, the energy calibration of the MICROMEGAS detector for
{\alpha} particles is done. For the energy calibration, the thickness of the
ionization region is adjusted so that {\alpha} particles may completely stop in
the ionization region and their kinetic energies are fully deposited in the
region. The efficiency of our MICROMEGAS detector for {\alpha} particles under
the present conditions is found to be ~ 97.3 %.


title: On electromagnetic energy in Bardeen and ABG spacetimes

abstract:
  We demonstrate that the total energy of electromagnetic field in the Bardeen
and Ay\'on-Beato-Garc\'ia singularity-free models is equal to the mass
parameter $M$, being therefore independent of the charge parameter $Q$. Our
result is fully congruent with the original idea of Born and Infeld to use
nonlinear electrodynamics for proving the electromagnetic nature of mass.


title: Quantum optics of lossy asymmetric beam splitters

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate quantum interference of two single photons at a
lossy asymmetric beam splitter, the most general passive 2$\times$2 optical
circuit. The losses in the circuit result in a non-unitary scattering matrix
with a non-trivial set of constraints on the elements of the scattering matrix.
Our analysis using the noise operator formalism shows that the loss allows
tunability of quantum interference to an extent not possible with a lossless
beam splitter. Our theoretical studies support the experimental demonstrations
of programmable quantum interference in highly multimodal systems such as
opaque scattering media and multimode fibers.


title: Computing the Thurston-Bennequin invariant in open books

abstract:
  We give explicit formulas and algorithms for the computation of the
Thurston-Bennequin invariant of a nullhomologous Legendrian knot on a page of a
contact open book and on contact Heegaard surfaces. Furthermore, we extend the
results to rationally nullhomologous knots in arbitrary 3-manifolds.


title: Computing rotation and self-linking numbers in contact surgery diagrams

abstract:
  We give an explicit formula to compute the rotation number of a
nullhomologous Legendrian knot in contact (1/n)-surgery diagrams along
Legendrian links and obtain a corresponding result for the self-linking number
of transverse knots. Moreover, we extend the formula by Ding-Geiges-Stipsicz
for computing the d3-invariant to (1/n)-surgeries.


title: On the Possibility of Quantum Circuits Part I: the Epistemic Level

abstract:
  We present a formulation of quantum circuits where the focus is set on
whether a given circuit (made of unitary operators and projective measurements
with definite outcomes) does reflect an actually realizable physical
experiment. In order to do this, we introduce verifications statements which
are purely epistemic assertions indicating whether a outcome is possible at
some point and develop our formalism which, in the end, consists in a set of
logical rules about verification statements. Finally, we argue that our
formalism provides a Lorentz-invariant realistic formulation of quantum
circuits and illustrate this by considering a circuit corresponding to Hardy's
paradox and showing how our formalism prevents making contradictory assertions
regarding our knowledge about the circuit.


title:
A method for building permutation representations of finitely presented
  groups

abstract:
  We design an algorithm to find certain partial permutation representations of
a finitely presented group $G$ (the bricks) that may be combined to a
transitive permutation representation of $G$ (the mosaic) on the disjoint
union.


title:
Additivity, density fluctuations, and nonequilibrium thermodynamics for
  active Brownian particles

abstract:
  Using an additivity property, we study particle-number fluctuations in a
system of interacting self-propelled particles, called active Brownian
particles (ABPs), which consists of repulsive disks with random self-propulsion
velocities. From a fluctuation-response relation - a direct consequence of
additivity, we formulate a thermodynamic theory which captures the previously
observed features of nonequilibrium phase transition in the ABPs from a
homogeneous fluid phase to an inhomogeneous phase of coexisting gas and liquid.
We substantiate the predictions of additivity by analytically calculating the
subsystem particle-number distributions in the homogeneous fluid phase away
from criticality where analytically obtained distributions are compatible with
simulations in the ABPs.


title: Microscopic analysis of p^{10}B scattering at the intermediate energies

abstract:
  The differential cross sections of the p^{10}B scattering at energies of 197,
600 and 1000 MeV have been calculated within the framework of the Glauber
theory. The operator of multiple scattering takes into account the
contributions of single and double collisions. The contributions from protons
scattering on the nucleons of different shells have been estimated in the
single-scattering cross-section. The comparison with the experiment at 197 MeV
and with DWBA calculation showed the adequate description of cross-sections in
the region of the front angles.


title:
The algebra of invariants for the adjoint action of the unitriangular
  group

abstract:
  In this paper the algebra of invariants for the adjoint action of the
unitriangular group in the nilradical of a parabolic subalgebra is studied. We
prove that the algebra of invariants is finitely generated.


title:
A variational principle for nonpotential perturbations of gradient flows
  of nonconvex energies

abstract:
  We investigate a variational approach to nonpotential perturbations of
gradient flows of nonconvex energies in Hilbert spaces. We prove existence of
solutions to elliptic-in-time regularizations of gradient flows by combining
the minimization of a parameter-dependent functional over entire trajectories
and a fixed-point argument. These regularized solutions converge up to
subsequence to solutions of the gradient flow as the regularization parameter
goes to zero. Applications of the abstract theory to nonlinear
reaction-diffusion systems are presented.


title:
Queuing Approaches to Principal-Agent Communication under Information
  Overload

abstract:
  In the information overload regime, human communication tasks such as
responding to email are well-modeled as priority queues, where priority is
determined by a mix of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation
corresponding to the task's importance to the sender. We view priority queuing
from a principal-agent perspective, and characterize the effect of
priority-misalignment and information asymmetry between task senders and task
receivers in both single-agent and multi-agent settings. In the single-agent
setting, we find that discipline can override misalignment. Although variation
in human interests leads to performance loss in the single-agent setting, the
same variability is useful to the principal with optimal routing of tasks, if
the principal has suitable information about agents' priorities. Our approach
starts to quantitatively address the effect of human dynamics in routine
communication tasks.


title: B-lattice of nil-extensions of rectangular skew-rings

abstract:
  Every quasi completely regular semiring is a b-lattice of completely
Archimedean semirings, i.e., a b-lattice of nil-extensions of completely simple
semirings. In this paper we consider the semiring which is a b-lattice of
nil-extensions of orthodox completely simple semirings.


title: Ion collisional transport coefficients in the solar wind at 1 AU

abstract:
  Proton and alpha particle collisional transport coefficients (isotropization,
relative deceleration frequencies and heating rates) at 1 AU are quantified
using the WIND/SWE data. In agreement with previous studies the ion-ion Coulomb
collisions are generally important for slow solar wind streams and tend to
reduce the temperature anisotropies, the differential streaming and the
differences between proton and alpha particle temperatures. In slow solar wind
streams the Coulomb collisions between protons and alpha particles are
important for the overall proton energetics as well as for the relative
deceleration between the two species. It is also shown that ion temperature
anisotropies and differential streaming need to be generally taken into account
for evaluation of the collisional transport coefficients.


title:
On the arithmetic of the endomorphism ring
  End($\mathbb{Z}_{p}\times\mathbb{Z}_{p^{m}}$)

abstract:
  For a prime $p$, let
$E_{p,p^m}=\{\begin{pmatrix}a&b\\p^{m-1}c&d\end{pmatrix}|a,b,c\in\mathbb{Z}_{p},~\mathrm{and}~d\in
\mathbb{Z}_{p^{m}}\}$. We first establish a ring isomorphism from
$\mathrm{End}(\mathbb{Z}_p\times\mathbb{Z}_p^m)$ onto $E_{p,p^m}$. We then
provide the way to compute $-d$ and $d^{-1}$ using arithmetic in
$\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ and $\mathbb{Z}_{p^{m}}$, and characterize invertible elements
in $E_{p,p^m}$. Moreover, we introduce the minimal polynomial for each element
in $E_{p,p^m}$ and given its applications.


title: Measures and applications of quantum correlations

abstract:
  Quantum information theory is built upon the realisation that quantum
resources like coherence and entanglement can be exploited for novel or
enhanced ways of transmitting and manipulating information, such as quantum
cryptography, teleportation, and quantum computing. We now know that there is
potentially much more than entanglement behind the power of quantum information
processing. There exist more general forms of non-classical correlations,
stemming from fundamental principles such as the necessary disturbance induced
by a local measurement, or the persistence of quantum coherence in all possible
local bases. These signatures can be identified and are resilient in almost all
quantum states, and have been linked to the enhanced performance of certain
quantum protocols over classical ones in noisy conditions. Their presence
represents, among other things, one of the most essential manifestations of
quantumness in cooperative systems, from the subatomic to the macroscopic
domain. In this work we give an overview of the current quest for a proper
understanding and characterisation of the frontier between classical and
quantum correlations in composite states. We focus on various approaches to
define and quantify general quantum correlations, based on different yet
interlinked physical perspectives, and comment on the operational significance
of the ensuing measures for quantum technology tasks such as information
encoding, distribution, discrimination and metrology. We then provide a broader
outlook of a few applications in which quantumness beyond entanglement looks
fit to play a key role.

categories: quant-ph cond-mat.stat-mech hep-th math-ph math.MP physics.data-an


title: Block Shelves for Visual Programming Languages

abstract:
  The blocks editor, such as the editor in Scratch, is widely applied for
visual programming languages (VPL) nowadays. Despite it's friendly for
non-programmers, it exists three main limitations while displaying block codes:
(1) the readability, (2) the program structure, and (3) the re-use. To cope
with these issues, we introduce a novel formatting tool, block shelves, into
the editor for organizing blocks. A user could utilize shelves to constitute a
user-defined structure for the VPL projects. Based on the experiment results,
block shelves improves the block code navigating and searching significantly.
Besides, for achieving code re-use, users could use shelf export/import to
share/re-use their block codes between projects in the file format of
eXtensible Markup Language (xml.) All functions were demonstrated on MIT App
inventor 2, while all modifications were made in Google Blockly.


title: Active turbulence in active nematics

abstract:
  Dense, active systems show active turbulence, a state characterised by flow
fields that are chaotic, with continually changing velocity jets and swirls.
Here we review our current understanding of active turbulence. The development
is primarily based on the theory and simulations of active liquid crystals, but
with accompanying summaries of related literature.


title:
Generating nonzero $\theta_{13}$ without breaking the $2$-$3$ symmetry
  of neutrino mass matrix

abstract:
  The prediction of vanishing reactor angle was thought to be a signature of
$2$-$3$ symmetry of neutrino mass matrix. But the present study addresses
certain interesting facts related with $2$-$3$ symmetry which are not addressed
so far. The investigation highlights that $\theta_{13}=0$, corresponds to a
very special case in association with $2$-$3$ symmetry and to engender a
non-zero $\theta_{13}$, the breakdown of $2$-$3$ symmetry is not essential.


title: Diagonal Unloading Beamforming for Source Localization

abstract:
  In sensor array beamforming methods, a class of algorithms commonly used to
estimate the position of a radiating source, the diagonal loading of the
beamformer covariance matrix is generally used to improve computational
accuracy and localization robustness. This paper proposes a diagonal unloading
(DU) method which extends the conventional response power beamforming method by
imposing an additional constraint to the covariance matrix of the array output
vector. The regularization is obtained by subtracting a given amount of white
noise from the main diagonal of the covariance matrix. Specifically, the DU
beamformer aims at subtracting the signal subspace from the noisy signal space
and it is computed by constraining the regularized covariance matrix to be
negative definite. It is hence a data-dependent covariance matrix conditioning
method. We show how to calculate precisely the unloading parameter, and we
present an eigenvalue analysis for comparing the proposed DU beamforming, the
minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) filter and the multiple signal
classification (MUSIC) method. Theoretical analysis and experiments with
acoustic sources demonstrate that the DU beamformer localization performance is
comparable to that of MVDR and MUSIC. Since the DU beamformer computational
cost is comparable to that of a conventional beamformer, the proposed method
can be attractive in array processing due to its simplicity, effectiveness and
computational efficiency.


title:
Characterization of PARIS LaBr$_3$(Ce)-NaI(Tl) phoswich detectors upto
  $E_\gamma$ $\sim$ 22 MeV

abstract:
  In order to understand the performance of the PARIS (Photon Array for the
studies with Radioactive Ion and Stable beams) detector, detailed
characterization of two individual phoswich (LaBr$_3$(Ce)-NaI(Tl)) elements has
been carried out. The detector response is investigated over a wide range of
$E_{\gamma}$ = 0.6 to 22.6 MeV using radioactive sources and employing
$^{11}B(p,\gamma)$ reaction at $E_p$ = 163 keV and $E_p$ = 7.2 MeV. The
linearity of energy response of the LaBr$_3$(Ce) detector is tested upto 22.6
MeV using three different voltage dividers. The data acquisition system using
CAEN digitizers is set up and optimized to get the best energy and time
resolution. The energy resolution of $\sim$ 2.1% at $E_\gamma$ = 22.6~MeV is
measured for the configuration giving best linearity upto high energy. Time
resolution of the phoswich detector is measured with a $^{60}$Co source after
implementing CFD algorithm for the digitized pulses and is found to be
excellent (FWHM $\sim$ 315~ps). In order to study the effect of count rate on
detectors, the centroid position and width of the $E_{\gamma}$ = 835~keV peak
were measured upto 220 kHz count rate. The measured efficiency data with
radioactive sources are in good agreement with GEANT4 based simulations. The
total energy spectrum after the add-back of energy signals in phoswich
components is also presented.


title: The Cameron-Martin Theorem for (p-)Slepian processes

abstract:
  We show a Cameron-Martin theorem for Slepian processes
$W_t:=\frac{1}{\sqrt{p}}(B_t-B_{t-p}), t\in [p,1]$, where $p\geq \frac{1}{2}$
and $B_s$ is Brownian motion. More exactly, we determine the class of functions
$F$ for which a density of $F(t)+W_t$ with respect to $W_t$ exists. Moreover,
we prove an explicit formula for this density. p-Slepian processes are closely
related to Slepian processes. p-Slepian processes play a prominent role among
others in scan statistics and in testing for parameter constancy when data are
taken from a moving window.


title: On certain recurrent and automatic sequences in finite fields

abstract:
  In this work we extend our study on a link between automaticity and certain
algebraic power series over finite fields. Our starting point is a family of
sequences in a finite field of characteristic $2$, recently introduced by the
first author in connection with algebraic continued fractions. By including it
in a large family of recurrent sequences in an arbitrary finite field, we prove
its automaticity. Then we give a criterion on automatic sequences, generalizing
a previous result and this allows us to present new families of automatic
sequences in an arbitrary finite field.


title:
Using Ecological Propensity Score to Adjust for Missing Confounders in
  Small Area Studies

abstract:
  Small area ecological studies are commonly used in epidemiology to assess the
impact of area level risk factors on health outcomes when data are only
available in an aggregated form. However the resulting estimates are often
biased due to unmeasured confounders, which typically are not available from
the standard administrative registries used for these studies. Extra
information on confounders can be provided through external datasets such as
surveys or cohorts, where the data are available at the individual level rather
than at the area level; however such data typically lack the geographical
coverage of administrative registries. We develop a framework of analysis which
combines ecological and individual level data from different sources to provide
an adjusted estimate of area level risk factors which is less biased. Our
method (i) summarises all available individual level confounders into an area
level scalar variable, which we call ecological propensity score (EPS), (ii)
implements a hierarchical structured approach to predict the values of EPS
whenever they are missing, (iii) includes the estimated and predicted EPS into
the ecological regression linking the risk factors to the health outcome.
Through a simulation study we show that integrating individual level data into
small area analyses via EPS is a promising method to reduce the bias intrinsic
in ecological studies due to unmeasured confounders; we also apply the method
to a real case study to evaluate the effect of air pollution on coronary heart
disease hospital admissions in Greater London.


title: Transverse pion structure beyond leading twist in constituent models

abstract:
  The understanding of the pion structure as described in terms of
transverse-momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) is of
importance for the interpretation of currently ongoing Drell-Yan experiments
with pion beams. In this work we discuss the description of pion TMDs beyond
leading twist in a pion model formulated in the light-front constituent
framework. For comparison, we also review and derive new results for pion TMDs
in the bag and spectator models.


title: Two-scale momentum theory for very large wind farms

abstract:
  A new theoretical approach is proposed to predict a practical upper limit to
the efficiency of a very large wind farm. The new theory suggests that the
efficiency of ideal turbines in an ideal very large wind farm depends primarily
on a non-dimensional parameter $\lambda/C_{f0}$, where $\lambda$ is the ratio
of the rotor swept area to the land area (for each turbine) and $C_{f0}$ is a
natural friction coefficient observed before constructing the farm. When
$\lambda/C_{f0}$ approaches to zero, the new theory goes back to the classical
actuator disc theory, yielding the well-known Betz limit. When $\lambda/C_{f0}$
increases to a large value, the maximum power coefficient of each turbine
reduces whilst a normalised power density of the farm increases asymptotically
to an upper limit. A CFD analysis of an infinitely large wind farm with
'aligned' and 'displaced' array configurations is also presented to validate a
key assumption used in the new theory.


title: Derivatives for Enhanced Regular Expressions

abstract:
  Regular languages are closed under a wealth of formal language operators.
Incorporating such operators in regular expressions leads to concise language
specifications, but the transformation of such enhanced regular expressions to
finite automata becomes more involved.
  We present an approach that enables the direct construction of finite
automata from regular expressions enhanced with further operators that preserve
regularity. Our construction is based on an extension of the theory of
derivatives for regular expressions. To retain the standard results about
derivatives, we develop a derivability criterion for the compatibility of the
extra operators with derivatives.
  Some derivable operators do not preserve regularity. Derivatives provide a
decision procedure for the word problem of regular expressions enhanced with
such operators.


title: Further results on the Hamilton-Waterloo problem

abstract:
  In this paper, we almost completely solve the existence of an almost
resolvable cycle system with odd cycle length. We also use almost resolvable
cycle systems as well as other combinatorial structures to give some new
solutions to the Hamilton-Waterloo problem.


title:
Eisenstein congruences for SO(4,3), SO(4,4), spinor and triple product
  L-values

abstract:
  We work out instances of a general conjecture on congruences between Hecke
eigenvalues of induced and cuspidal automorphic representations of a reductive
group, modulo divisors of certain critical L-values, in the case that the group
is a split orthogonal group. We provide some numerical evidence in the case
that the group is SO(4,3) and the L-function is the spinor L-function of a
genus 2, vector-valued, Siegel cusp form. We also consider the case that the
group is SO(4,4) and the L-function is a triple product L-function.


title: Born-Infeld cosmology with scalar Born-Infeld matter

abstract:
  Cosmology in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity is investigated using a
scalar Born-Infeld field (e.g. tachyon condensate) as matter. In this way, both
in the gravity and matter sectors we have Born-Infeld-like structures
characterized by their actions and via two separate constants, $\kappa$ and
$\alpha_T^2$ respectively. With a particular choice of the form of $\dot{\phi}$
(the time derivative of the Born-Infeld scalar), analytical cosmological
solutions are found. Thereafter, we explore some of the unique features of the
corresponding cosmological spacetimes. For $\kappa>0$, our solution has a de
Sitter-like expansion both at early and late times, with an intermediate
deceleration sandwiched between the accelerating phases. On the other hand,
when $\kappa<0$, the initial de Sitter phase is replaced by a bounce. Our
solutions, at late time, fit well with available supernova data-- a fact we
demonstrate explicitly. The estimated properties of the Universe obtained from
the fitting of the $\kappa>0$ solution, are as good as in $\Lambda$CDM
cosmology. However, the $\kappa<0$ solution has to be discarded due to the
occurrence of a bounce at an unacceptably low redshift.


title: Current status and near future plans for T2K

abstract:
  A summary of recent results from the T2K experiment and discussion of near
future plans.


title: Radiative trapping in intense laser beams

abstract:
  The dynamics of electrons in counter-propagating, circularly polarized laser
beams are shown to exhibit attractors whose ability to trap particles depends
on the ratio of the beam intensities and a single parameter describing
radiation reaction. Analytical expressions are found for the underlying limit
cycles and the parameter range in which they are stable. In high-intensity
optical pulses, where radiation reaction strongly modifies the trajectories,
the production of collimated gamma-rays and the initiation of non-linear
cascades of electron-positron pairs can be optimized by a suitable choice of
the intensity ratio.


title: Testing a Two Field Inflation Beyond the Slow-Roll Approximation

abstract:
  We consider a model of two-field inflation, containing an ordinary scalar
field and a DBI field. We work beyond the slow-roll approximation, but we
assume a separable Hubble parameter. We then derive the form of potential in
this framework and study the spectrum of the primordial perturbations in
details. We also study the amplitude of the non-Gaussianity of the primordial
perturbations both in equilateral and orthogonal configurations in this setup.
We test the model with recent observational data and find some constraints on
the model parameters. Our study shows that for some ranges of the DBI
parameter, the model is consistent with observation and it is also possible to
have large non-Gaussianity which would be observable by future improvements in
experiments.


title: On Loewner's characterization of polynomials

abstract:
  We give a new demonstration of Loewner's characterization of polynomials,
solving in the positive a conjecture proposed by Laird and McCann in 1984.


title:
Adaptive Mesh Refinement Strategies in Isogeometric Analysis - A
  Computational Comparison

abstract:
  We explain four variants of an adaptive finite element method with cubic
splines and compare their performance in simple elliptic model problems. The
methods in comparison are Truncated Hierarchical B-splines with two different
refinement strategies, T-splines with the refinement strategy introduced by
Scott et al. in 2012, and T-splines with an alternative refinement strategy
introduced by some of the authors. In four examples, including singular and
non-singular problems of linear elasticity and the Poisson problem, the
H1-errors of the discrete solutions, the number of degrees of freedom as well
as sparsity patterns and condition numbers of the discretized problem are
compared.


title:
A geometric graph model of citation networks with linearly growing
  node-increment

abstract:
  Due to the fact that the numbers of annually published papers have witnessed
a linear growth in some citation networks, a geometric model is thus proposed
to predict some statistical features of those networks, in which the academic
influence scopes of the papers are denoted through specific geometric areas
related to time and space. In the model, nodes (papers) are uniformly and
randomly sprinkled onto a cluster of circles of the Minkowski space whose
centers are on the time axis. Edges (citations) are linked according to an
influence mechanism which indicates that an existing paper will be cited by a
new paper located in its influence zone. Considering the citations among papers
in different disciplines, an interdisciplinary citation mechanism is added to
the model in which some papers with a small probability of being chosen will
cite some existing papers randomly and uniformly. Different from most existing
models that only study the power-law tail of the in-degree distribution, this
model also characterizes the overall in-degree distribution. Moreover, it
presents the description of some other important statistical characteristics of
real networks, such as in- and out-assortativity, giant component and clear
community structure. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that a good example
is provided in the paper to study real networks by geometric graphs.


title: Experimental evidences of the Gardner phase in a granular glass

abstract:
  Analyzing the dynamics of a vibrated bi-dimensional packing of bidisperse
granular discs below jamming, we provide evidences of a Gardner phase deep into
the glass phase. To do so we perform several independent compression cycles
within the same glass and show that the particles select different average
vibrational positions at each cycle, while the neighborhood structure remains
unchanged. We compute the mean square displacement as a function of the packing
fraction and compare it with the average separation between the cages obtained
for different compression cycles. Our results are fully compatible with recent
numerical observations obtained for a mean field model of glass as well as for
hard spheres in finite dimension. We also characterize the distribution of the
cage order parameters. Here we note several differences from the numerical
results, which could be attributed to activated processes and cage
heterogeneities.


title:
Influence of field effects on the performance of InGaAs-based terahertz
  radiation detectors

abstract:
  A detailed electrical characterization of high-performance bow-tie InGaAs
based terahertz detectors is presented along with simulation results. The local
surface potential and tunnelling current were scanned over the surfaces of the
detectors by means of Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and scanning
tunnelling microscopy (STM), which also enabled the determination of the Fermi
level. Currentvoltage curves were measured and modelled using the Synopsys
Sentaurus TCAD package to gain deeper insight into the processes involved in
detector operation. In addition, we performed finite difference time-domain
(FDTD) simulations to reveal features related to changes in the electric field
due to the metal detector contacts. The investigation revealed that field
effect-induced conductivity modulation is a possible mechanism contributing to
the high sensitivity of the studied detectors.


title:
On elliptic Lax pairs and isomonodromic deformation systems for elliptic
  lattice equations

abstract:
  In a previous article [N. Delice, F.W. Nijhoff and S. Yoo-Kong, J. Phys. A:
Math. Theor. 48(3) (2015), 035206] a novel class of elliptic Lax pairs for
integrable lattice equations was introduced. The present article proposes a
de-autonomisation of those Lax pairs leading to a class of elliptic discrete
isomonodromic deformation problems. We analyse the systems of compatibility
conditions using some (possibly novel) higher order elliptic identities.


title: A cascade electronic refrigerator using superconducting tunnel junctions

abstract:
  Micro-refrigerators that operate in the sub-kelvin regime are a key device in
quantum technology. A well-studied candidate, an electronic cooler using Normal
metal - Insulator - Superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions offers substantial
performance and power. However, its superconducting electrodes are severely
overheated due to exponential suppression of their thermal conductance towards
low temperatures, and the cooler performs unsatisfactorily - especially in
powerful devices needed for practical applications. We employ a second NIS
cooling stage to thermalize the hot superconductor at the backside of the main
NIS cooler. Not only providing a lower bath temperature, the second stage
cooler actively evacuates quasiparticles out of the hot superconductor,
especially in the low temperature limit. The NIS cooler approaches its ideal
theoretical expectations without compromising cooling power. This cascade
design can also be employed to manage excess heat in other cryo-electronic
devices.


title:
Geometric Metasurface Fork Gratings for Vortex Beam Generation and
  Manipulation

abstract:
  In recent years, optical vortex beams possessing orbital angular momentum
have caught much attention due to their potential for high capacity optical
communications. This capability arises from the unbounded topological charges
of orbital angular momentum (OAM) that provides infinite freedoms for encoding
information. The two most common approaches for generating vortex beams are
through fork diffraction gratings and spiral phase plates. While realization of
conventional spiral phase plate requires complicated 3D fabrication, the
emerging field of metasurfaces has provided a planar and facile solution for
generating vortex beams of arbitrary orbit angular momentum. Here we realize a
novel type of geometric metasurface fork grating that seamlessly combine the
functionality of a metasurface phase plate for vortex beam generation, and that
of a linear phase gradient metasurface for controlling the wave propagation
direction. The metasurface fork grating is therefore capable of simultaneously
controlling both the spin and the orbital angular momentum of light.


title:
Using Two Types of Computer Algebra Systems to Solve Maxwell Optics
  Problems

abstract:
  To synthesize Maxwell optics systems, the mathematical apparatus of tensor
and vector analysis is generally employed. This mathematical apparatus implies
executing a great number of simple stereotyped operations, which are adequately
supported by computer algebra systems. In this paper, we distinguish between
two stages of working with a mathematical model: model development and model
usage. Each of these stages implies its own computer algebra system. As a model
problem, we consider the problem of geometrization of Maxwell's equations. Two
computer algebra systems---Cadabra and FORM---are selected for use at different
stages of investigation.


title: Privacy as a Service in Digital Health

abstract:
  Privacy is a key challenge for continued digitalization of health. The
forthcoming European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is transforming
this challenge into regulatory directives. User consent provisioning and
coordinating across data services will be the keys in addressing this
challenge. We suggest a privacy-driven architecture that provides tools for
providing user consent as a service. This enables managing and reusing private
health information between a large amount of data sources, individuals and
services, even when they are not known beforehand. The proposed architecture
integrates data security and semantic descriptions into a trust query framework
to provide the required interoperability and co-operation support for future
health services. This approach provides benefits for all stakeholders through
safer data management, cost and process savings, multi-provider services, and
services based on emerging new business models.


title: Time scale of stationary decoherence

abstract:
  The decoherence of a test particle interacting with an ideal gas is studied
by the help of the effective Lagrangian, derived in the leading order of the
perturbation expansion and in order $\ord{\partial^2_t}$. The stationary
decoherence time is found to be comparable to or longer than the diffusion
time. The decoherence time reaches its minimal value for classical, completely
decohered environment, suggesting that physical decoherence is slowed down as
compared with diffusion by the quantum coherence of the environment.


title:
All-optical switching in granular ferromagnets caused by magnetic
  circular dichroism

abstract:
  Magnetic recording using circularly polarized femto-second laser pulses is an
emerging technology that would allow write speeds much faster than existing
field driven methods. However, the mechanism that drives the magnetization
switching in ferromagnets is unclear. Recent theories suggest that the
interaction of the light with the magnetized media induces an opto-magnetic
field within the media, known as the inverse Faraday effect. Here we show that
an alternative mechanism, driven by thermal excitation over the anisotropy
energy barrier and a difference in the energy absorption depending on
polarization, can create a net magnetization over a series of laser pulses in
an ensemble of single domain grains. Only a small difference in the absorption
is required to reach magnetization levels observed experimentally and the model
does not preclude the role of the inverse Faraday effect but removes the
necessity that the opto-magnetic field is 10s of Tesla in strength.


title: Maximum principles for a time-space fractional diffusion equation

abstract:
  In this paper, we focus on maximum principles of a time-space fractional
diffusion equation. Maximum principles for classical solution and weak solution
are all obtained by using properties of the time fractional derivative operator
and the fractional Laplace operator. We deduce maximum principles for a full
fractional diffusion equation, other than time-fractional and spatial-integer
order diffusion equations.


title: Full asymptotic expansion for Polya structures

abstract:
  In order to obtain the full asymptotic expansion for Polya trees, i.e. rooted
unlabelled and non-plane trees, Flajolet and Sedgewick observed that their
specification could be seen as a slight disturbance of the functional equation
satisfied by the Cayley tree function. Such an approach highlights the
complicated formal expressions with some combinatorial explanation. They
initiated this process in their book but they spared the technical part by only
exhibiting the first- order approximation. In this paper we exhibit the
university of the method and obtain the full asymptotic expansions for several
varieties of trees. We then focus on three different varieties of rooted,
unlabelled and non-plane trees, Polya trees, rooted identity trees and
hierarchies, in order to calculate explicitly their full singular expansions
and asymptotic expansions.


title:
One-body reduced density matrix of trapped impenetrable anyons in one
  dimension

abstract:
  We study the one-body reduced density matrix of a system of $N$
one-dimensional impenetrable anyons trapped by a harmonic potential. To this
purpose we extend two methods developed to tackle related problems, namely the
determinant approach and the replica method. While the former is the basis for
exact numerical computations at finite $N$, the latter has the advantage of
providing an analytic asymptotic expansion for large $N$. We show that the
first few terms of such expansion are sufficient to reproduce the numerical
results to an excellent accuracy even for relatively small $N$, thus
demonstrating the effectiveness of the replica method.


title:
Optical atomic magnetometry for magnetic induction tomography of the
  heart

abstract:
  We report on the use of radio-frequency optical atomic magnetometers for
magnetic induction tomography measurements. We demonstrate the imaging of dummy
targets of varying conductivities placed in the proximity of the sensor, in an
unshielded environment at room-temperature and without background subtraction.
The images produced by the system accurately reproduce the characteristics of
the actual objects. Furthermore, we perform finite element simulations in order
to assess the potential for measuring low-conductivity biological tissues with
our system. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of an instrument based on
optical atomic magnetometers for magnetic induction tomography imaging of
biological samples, in particular for mapping anomalous conductivity in the
heart.


title:
Towards computing the rational homology and assembly maps of generalised
  Thompson groups

abstract:
  Let $V_r(\Sigma)$ be the generalised Thompson group defined as the
automorphism group of a valid, bounded, and complete Cantor algebra. We show
that that for every $n>0$ there is a $k>n,$ such that there exists a
$k$-dimensional $n$-connected simplicial complex $K$ such that $V_r(\Sigma)$
acts on $K$ with finite stabilisers. We also determine the number of conjugacy
classes of finite cyclic subgroups of a given order $m$ in Brin-Thompson
groups. We apply our computations to the rationalised Farrell-Jones assembly
map in algebraic $K$-theory.