title:
Weyl points and topological nodal superfluids in a face-centered cubic
  optical lattice

abstract:
  We point out that a face-centered cubic (FCC) optical lattice, which can be
realised by a simple scheme using three lasers, provides one a highly
controllable platform for creating Weyl points and topological nodal
superfluids in ultracold atoms. In non-interacting systems, Weyl points
automatically arise in the Floquet band structure when shaking such FCC
lattices, and sophisticated design of the tunnelling is not required. More
interestingly, in the presence of attractive interaction between two hyperfine
spin states, which experience the same shaken FCC lattice, a three-dimensional
topological nodal superfluid emerges, and Weyl points show up as the gapless
points in the quasiparticle spectrum. One could either create a double Weyl
point of charge 2, or split it to two Weyl points of charge 1, which can be
moved in the momentum space by tuning the interactions. Correspondingly, the
Fermi arcs at the surface may be linked with each other or separated as
individual ones.


title:
Some conjectures on generalized cluster algebras via the cluster formula
  and $D$-matrix pattern

abstract:
  In the theory of generalized cluster algebras, we build the so-called cluster
formula and $D$-matrix pattern. Then as applications, some fundamental
conjectures of generalized cluster algebras are solved affirmatively.


title:
Multipolar Kondo Effect in $^1$S$_0$-$^3$P$_2$ Mixture of $^{173}$Yb
  Atoms

abstract:
  Whereas in the familiar Kondo effect the exchange interaction is dipolar, it
can also be multipolar, as has been realized in a recent experiment. Here we
study multipolar Kondo effect in a Fermi gas of cold $^{173}$Yb atoms. Making
use of different AC polarizability of the electronic ground state
Yb($^{1}$S$_{0}$) and the long-lived metastable state Yb$^{*}$($^{3}$P$_{2}$),
it is suggested that the latter atoms can be localized and serve as a dilute
concentration of magnetic impurities while the former ones remain itinerant.
The exchange mechanism between the itinerant Yb and the localized Yb$^{*}$
atoms is analyzed and shown to be antiferromagnetic. The quadruple and octuple
interactions act to enhance the Kondo temperature $T_K$ that is found to be
experimentally accessible. The bare exchange Hamiltonian needs to be decomposed
into dipole ($d$), quadruple ($q$) and octuple ($o$) interactions in order to
retain its form under renormalization group (RG) analysis, in which the
corresponding exchange constants ($\lambda_{\mathrm{d}}$,
$\lambda_{\mathrm{q}}$ and $\lambda_{\mathrm{o}}$) flow independently.
Numerical solution of the RG scaling equations reveals a few finite fixed
points, indicating an over-screening, which suggests a non-Fermi liquid phase.
The impurity contribution to the magnetic susceptibility is calculated in the
weak coupling regime (${T}\gg{T}_{K}$).


title:
Meandering instability of air flow in a granular bed: self-similarity
  and fluid-solid duality

abstract:
  Meandering instability is familiar to everyone through river meandering or
small rivulets of rain flowing down a windshield. However, its physical
understanding is still premature, although it could inspire researchers in
various fields, such as nonlinear science, fluid mechanics and geophysics, to
resolve their long-standing problems. Here, we perform a small-scale experiment
in which air flow is created in a thin granular bed to successfully find a
meandering regime, together with other remarkable fluidized regimes, such as a
turbulent regime. We discover that phase diagrams of the flow regimes for
different types of grains can be universally presented as functions of the flow
rate and the granular-bed thickness when the two quantities are properly
renormalized. We further reveal that the meandering shapes are self-similar as
was shown for meandering rivers. The experimental findings are explained by
theory, with elucidating the physics. The theory is based on force balance, a
minimum-dissipation principle, and a linear-instability analysis of a continuum
equation that takes into account the fluid-solid duality, i.e., the existence
of fluidized and solidified regions of grains along the meandering path. The
present results provide fruitful links to related issues in various fields,
including fluidized bed reactors in industry.

categories: cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech nlin.PS physics.flu-dyn physics.geo-ph


title: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Domain Dialogue Systems

abstract:
  Standard deep reinforcement learning methods such as Deep Q-Networks (DQN)
for multiple tasks (domains) face scalability problems. We propose a method for
multi-domain dialogue policy learning---termed NDQN, and apply it to an
information-seeking spoken dialogue system in the domains of restaurants and
hotels. Experimental results comparing DQN (baseline) versus NDQN (proposed)
using simulations report that our proposed method exhibits better scalability
and is promising for optimising the behaviour of multi-domain dialogue systems.


title: Integrated and Differentiated Sequence Spaces and Weighted Mean

abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, the new matrix domains are
constructed with the new infinite matrices and some properties are
investigated. Furthermore, dual spaces of new matrix domains are computed and
matrix transformations are characterized. Secondly, examples between new spaces
with classical sequence spaces and sequence spaces which are derived by an
infinite matrix are given in the table form.


title: Admissibility in Quantitative Graph Games

abstract:
  Admissibility has been studied for games of infinite duration with Boolean
objectives. We extend here this study to games of infinite duration with
quantitative objectives. First, we show that, un- der the assumption that
optimal worst-case and cooperative strategies exist, admissible strategies are
guaranteed to exist. Second, we give a characterization of admissible
strategies using the no- tion of adversarial and cooperative values of a
history, and we characterize the set of outcomes that are compatible with
admissible strategies. Finally, we show how these characterizations can be used
to design algorithms to decide relevant verification and synthesis problems.


title: Parallel simulations for Fractional-Order Systems

abstract:
  In this paper, we explore how numerical calculations can be accelerated by
implementing several numerical methods of fractional-order systems using
parallel computing techniques. We investigate the feasibility of parallel
computing algorithms and their efficiency in reducing the computational costs
over a large time interval. Particularly, we present the case of
Adams-Bashforth-Mouhlton predictor-corrector method and measure the speedup of
two parallel approaches by using GPU and HPC cluster implementations.


title: Thickness-tuned transition of band topology in ZrTe5 nanosheets

abstract:
  We report thickness-tuned electrical transport and Hall resistivity in highly
anisotropic three-dimensional Dirac semimetal ZrTe5 nanosheets. We find that
when the thickness of the nanosheet is blow about 40 nm, the system takes a
clear transition from topological semimetal with two bands carriers to a single
band with conventional hole carriers. The resistivity peak temperature T*
decreases systematically with decreasing thickness down to about 40 nm, then
shifts up with the further decrease of the thickness. Analysis of the data
below 40 nm indicates that the hole carriers completely dominate the transport
in the entire temperature range, regardless of the temperature being below or
above T*. By further tracking the carrier density, we find that the Fermi level
shifts consecutively downward from conduction band to the valence band as
decreasing the thickness. Our experiments unambiguously reveal a highly
thickness-tuned transition of band topology in ZrTe5 nanosheets.


title:
Randomized feasible interpolation and monotone circuits with a local
  oracle

abstract:
  We generalize the feasible interpolation theorem for semantic derivations
from K.(1997) by allowing randomized protocols (protocols in the sense of
K.(1997). We also introduce an extension of the monotone circuit model,
monotone circuits with a local oracle (CLOs), that does correspond to
communication protocols for the monotone Karchmer-Wigderson multi-function
$KW^m[U,V]$ making errors. The new randomized feasible interpolation thus shows
that a short semantic derivation (from a certain class of derivations larger
than in the original method) of the disjointness of $U, V$, $U$ closed upwards,
yields a small randomized protocol for and hence a small monotone CLO
separating the sets. To establish a lower bound for monotone CLOs separating
two NP sets, one closed upwards, is an open problem.
  This research is motivated by the open problem to establish a lower bound for
proof system $R(LIN)$ operating with clauses formed by linear Boolean functions
over the 2-element field. The new randomized feasible interpolation applies to
this proof system and also to the semantic versions of the cutting planes proof
system CP (as randomized protocols efficiently simulate protocols with small
real communication complexity of K.(1998)), to small width resolution over CP,
R(CP), and to random resolution RR of Buss, Kolodziejczyk and Thapen (2014).


title:
Truthful Spectrum Auction for Efficient Anti-Jamming in Cognitive Radio
  Networks

abstract:
  One significant challenge in cognitive radio networks is to design a
framework in which the selfish secondary users are obliged to interact with
each other truthfully. Moreover, due to the vulnerability of these networks
against jamming attacks, designing anti-jamming defense mechanisms is equally
important. %providing the security defense is also of great importance. In this
paper, we propose a truthful mechanism, robust against the jamming, for a
dynamic stochastic cognitive radio network consisting of several selfish
secondary users and a malicious user. In this model, each secondary user
participates in an auction and wish to use the unjammed spectrum, and the
malicious user aims at jamming a channel by corrupting the communication link.
A truthful auction mechanism is designed among the secondary users.
Furthermore, a zero-sum game is formulated between the set of secondary users
and the malicious user. This joint problem is then cast as a randomized
two-level auctions in which the first auction allocates the vacant channels,
and then the second one assigns the remaining unallocated channels. We have
also changed this solution to a trustful distributed scheme. Simulation results
show that the distributed algorithm can achieve a performance that is close to
the centralized algorithm, without the added overhead and complexity.


title: Affine functions on Alexandrov spaces

abstract:
  We show that every finite-dimensional Alexandrov space X with curvature
bounded from below embeds canonically into a product of an Alexandrov space
with the same curvature bound and a Euclidean space such that each affine
function on X comes from an affine function on the Euclidean space.


title: Density by moduli and Wijsman statistical convergence

abstract:
  In this paper, we generalized the Wijsman statistical convergence of closed
sets in metric space by introducing the $f$-Wijsman statistical convergence
these of sets, where $f$ is an unbounded modulus. It is shown that the Wijsman
convergent sequences are precisely those sequences which are $f$-Wijsman
statistically convergent for every unbounded modulus $f$. We also introduced a
new concept of Wijsman strong Ces\`{a}ro summability with respect to a modulus,
and investigate the relationships between the $f$-Wijsman statistically
convergent sequences and the Wijsman strongly Ces\`{a}ro summable sequences
with respect to $f$.


title: Hadronically decaying heavy dark matter and high-energy neutrino limits

abstract:
  We consider dark matter consisting of long--living particles with masses
$10^{7}~\lesssim~M~\lesssim~10^{16}$ GeV decaying through hadronic channel as a
source of high energy neutrino. Using recent data on high energy neutrino from
IceCube and Pierre Auger experiments we derive the upper-limits on neutrino
flux from dark matter decay and constraints on dark matter parameter space. For
the dark matter masses of order $10^8$ GeV the constraints derived are slightly
stronger than those obtained for the same dark matter model using the high
energy gamma-ray limits.


title:
The connected and leading disconnected diagrams of the hadronic
  light-by-light contribution to muon $g - 2$

abstract:
  We report our recent lattice calculation of hadronic light-by-light
contribution to muon $g-2$ using our recently developed moment method. The
connected diagrams and the leading disconnected diagrams are included. The
calculation is performed on a $48^3 \times 96$ lattice with physical pion mass
and 5.5 fm box size. We expect sizable finite volume and finite lattice spacing
corrections to the results of these calculations which will be estimated in
calculations to be carried out over the next 1-2 years.


title: Cryptanalysis of Xinyu et al.'s NTRU-Lattice Based Key Exchange Protocol

abstract:
  Xinyu et al. proposed a public key exchange protocol, which is based on the
NTRU-lattice based cryptography. In this paper, we show how Xinyu et al.'s
NTRU-KE: A lattice based key exchange protocol can be broken, under the
assumption that a man-in-the middle attack is used for extracting private keys
of users who participate in the key exchange protocol.


title: Whom to befriend to influence people

abstract:
  Alice wants to join a new social network, and influence its members to adopt
a new product or idea. Each person $v$ in the network has a certain threshold
$t(v)$ for {\em activation}, i.e adoption of the product or idea. If $v$ has at
least $t(v)$ activated neighbors, then $v$ will also become activated. If Alice
wants to activate the entire social network, whom should she befriend? More
generally, we study the problem of finding the minimum number of links that a
set of external influencers should form to people in the network, in order to
activate the entire social network. This {\em Minimum Links} Problem has
applications in viral marketing and the study of epidemics. Its solution can be
quite different from the related and widely studied Target Set Selection
problem. We prove that the Minimum Links problem cannot be approximated to
within a ratio of $O(2^{\log^{1-\epsilon} n})$, for any fixed $\epsilon>0$,
unless $NP\subseteq DTIME(n^{polylog(n)})$, where $n$ is the number of nodes in
the network. On the positive side, we give linear time algorithms to solve the
problem for trees, cycles, and cliques, for any given set of external
influencers, and give precise bounds on the number of links needed. For general
graphs, we design a polynomial time algorithm to compute size-efficient link
sets that can activate the entire graph.


title:
Twist-4 contributions to semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scatterings
  with polarized beam and target

abstract:
  We present for the first time the complete twist-4 result for the
semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scattering $e^- N \to e^-qX$ with polarized
electron and proton beams at the tree level of pQCD. The calculations have been
carried out using the formulism obtained after collinear expansion where the
multiple gluon scattering are taken into account and gauge links are obtained
automatically in a systematical way. The results show in particular that there
are twist-4 contributions to all the eight twist-2 structure functions for $e^-
N \to e^-hX$ that correspond to the eight twist-2 transverse momentum dependent
parton distribution functions. Such higher twist effects could be very
significant and therefore have important impacts on extracting these
three-dimensional parton distribution functions from the asymmetry data on $e^-
N \to e^-hX$. We suggest also an approximate way for a rough estimation of such
higher twist contributions.


title: Band alignment and charge transfer in complex oxide interfaces

abstract:
  The synthesis of transition metal heterostructures is currently one of the
most vivid fields in the design of novel functional materials. In this paper we
propose a simple scheme to predict \emph{band alignment }and \emph{charge
transfer} in complex oxide interfaces. For semiconductor heterostructures band
alignment rules like the well known Anderson or Schottky-Mott rule are based on
comparison of the work function or electron affinity of the bulk components.
This scheme breaks down for oxides due to the invalidity of a single
workfunction approximation as recently shown (Phys. Rev. B 93, 235116; Adv.
Funct. Mater. 26, 5471). Here we propose a new scheme which is built on a
continuity condition of valence states originating in the compounds' shared
network of oxygen. It allows for the prediction of sign and relative amplitude
of the intrinsic charge transfer, taking as input only information about the
bulk properties of the components. We support our claims by numerical density
functional theory simulations as well as (where available) experimental
evidence. Specific applications include i) controlled doping of SrTiO$_3$
layers with the use of 4$d$ and 5$d$ transition metal oxides and ii) the
control of magnetic ordering in manganites through tuned charge transfer.


title: GSVD-Based Precoding in MIMO Systems With Integrated Services

abstract:
  This letter considers a two-receiver multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)
Gaussian broadcast channel model with integrated services. Specifically, we
combine two sorts of service messages, and serve them simultaneously: one
multicast message intended for both receivers and one confidential message
intended for only one receiver. The confidential message is kept perfectly
secure from the unauthorized receiver. Due to the coupling of service messages,
it is intractable to seek capacity-achieving transmit covariance matrices.
Accordingly, we propose a suboptimal precoding scheme based on the generalized
singular value decomposition (GSVD). The GSVD produces several virtual
orthogonal subchannels between the transmitter and the receivers. Subchannel
allocation and power allocation between multicast message and confidential
message are jointly optimized to maximize the secrecy rate in this letter,
subject to the quality of multicast service (QoMS) constraints. Since this
problem is inherently complex, a difference-of-concave (DC) algorithm, together
with an exhaustive search, is exploited to handle the power allocation and
subchannel allocation, respectively. Numerical results are presented to
illustrate the efficacy of our proposed strategies.


title: Multiwinner Approval Rules as Apportionment Methods

abstract:
  We establish a link between multiwinner elections and apportionment problems
by showing how approval-based multiwinner election rules can be interpreted as
methods of apportionment. We consider several multiwinner rules and observe
that they induce apportionment methods that are well-established in the
literature on proportional representation. For instance, we show that
Proportional Approval Voting induces the D'Hondt method and that Monroe's rule
induces the largest reminder method. We also consider properties of
apportionment methods and exhibit multiwinner rules that induce apportionment
methods satisfying these properties.


title: A well-scaling natural orbital theory

abstract:
  We introduce an energy functional for ground-state electronic structure
calculations. Its variables are the natural spin-orbitals of singlet many-body
wave functions and their joint occupation probabilities deriving from
controlled approximations to the two-particle density matrix that yield
algebraic scaling in general, and Hartree-Fock scaling in its seniority-zero
version. Results from the latter version for small molecular systems are
compared with those of highly accurate quantum-chemical computations. The
energies lie above full configuration interaction calculations, close to doubly
occupied configuration interaction calculations. Their accuracy is considerably
greater than that obtained from current density-functional theory
approximations and from current functionals of the one-particle density matrix.


title: An analogue of Wilton's formula and values of Dedekind zeta functions

abstract:
  J. R. Wilton obtained an expression for the product of two Riemann zeta
functions. This expression played a crucial role to find the approximate
functional equation for the product of two Riemann zeta functions in the
critical region. We find analogous expressions for the product of two Dedekind
zeta functions and then use these expressions to find some expressions for
Dedekind zeta values attached to arbitrary real as well as quadratic number
fields at any positive integer.


title: Characterising the optical properties of galaxy clusters with GMPhoRCC

abstract:
  We introduce the Gaussian Mixture full Photometric Red sequence Cluster
Characteriser (GMPhoRCC), an algorithm for determining the redshift and
richness of a galaxy cluster candidate. By using data from a multi-band sky
survey with photometric redshifts, a red sequence colour magnitude relation
(CMR) is isolated and modelled and used to characterise the optical properties
of the candidate. GMPhoRCC provides significant advantages over existing
methods including, treatment of multi-modal distributions, variable width full
CMR red sequence, richness extrapolation and quality control in order to
algorithmically identify catastrophic failures. We present redshift comparisons
for clusters from the GMBCG, NORAS, REFLEX and XCS catalogues, where the
GMPhoRCC estimates are in excellent agreement with spectra, showing accurate,
unbiased results with low scatter ($\sigma_{\delta z / (1+z)} \sim 0.014$). We
conclude with the evaluation of GMPhoRCC performance using empirical Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) like mock galaxy clusters. GMPhoRCC is shown to
produce highly pure characterisations with very low probabilities ($<1\%$) of
spurious, clean characterisations. In addition GMPhoRCC is shown to demonstrate
high rates of completeness with respect to recovering redshift, richness and
correctly identifying the BCG.


title: Relativistic causality and position space renormalization

abstract:
  The paper gives a historical survey of the causal position space
renormalization with a special attention to the role of Raymond Stora in the
development of this subject. Renormalization is reduced to subtracting the pole
term in analytically regularized primitively divergent Feynman amplitudes. The
identification of residues with "quantum periods" and their relation to recent
developments in number theory are emphasized. We demonstrate the possibility of
integration over internal vertices (that requires control over the infrared
behavior) in the case of the massless $\varphi^4$ theory and display the
dilation and the conformal anomaly.


title: Optimizing Expectation with Guarantees in POMDPs (Technical Report)

abstract:
  A standard objective in partially-observable Markov decision processes
(POMDPs) is to find a policy that maximizes the expected discounted-sum payoff.
However, such policies may still permit unlikely but highly undesirable
outcomes, which is problematic especially in safety-critical applications.
Recently, there has been a surge of interest in POMDPs where the goal is to
maximize the probability to ensure that the payoff is at least a given
threshold, but these approaches do not consider any optimization beyond
satisfying this threshold constraint. In this work we go beyond both the
"expectation" and "threshold" approaches and consider a "guaranteed payoff
optimization (GPO)" problem for POMDPs, where we are given a threshold $t$ and
the objective is to find a policy $\sigma$ such that a) each possible outcome
of $\sigma$ yields a discounted-sum payoff of at least $t$, and b) the expected
discounted-sum payoff of $\sigma$ is optimal (or near-optimal) among all
policies satisfying a). We present a practical approach to tackle the GPO
problem and evaluate it on standard POMDP benchmarks.


title:
Coupled solitons of intense high-frequency and low-frequency waves in
  Zakharov-type systems

abstract:
  One-parameter families of exact two-component solitary-wave solutions for
interacting high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) waves are found in the
framework of Zakharov-type models, which couple the nonlinear Schr\"odinger
equation (NLSE) for intense HF waves to the Boussinesq (Bq) or Korteweg - de
Vries (KdV) equation for the LF component through quadratic terms. The systems
apply, in particular, to the interaction of surface (HF) and internal (LF)
waves in stratified fluids. These solutions are two-component generalizations
of the single-component Bq and KdV solitons. Perturbed dynamics and stability
of the solitary waves are studied in detail by means of analytical and
numerical methods. Essentially, they are stable against separation of the HF
and LF components if the latter one is shaped as a potential well acting on the
HF field, and unstable, against splitting of the two components, with a
barrier-shaped LF one. Collisions between the solitary waves are studied by
means of direct simulations, demonstrating a trend to merger of in-phase
solitons, and elastic interactions of out-of-phase ones.


title: Is the exotic $0^{--}$ glueball a pure gluon state ?

abstract:
  We present a new calculation of the mass and width of the exotic $0^{--}$
glueball in the framework of the QCD sum rules. We next construct a new current
which couples to a pure $0^{--}$ gluon state and derive consistent and stable
sum rules. A previously used current in this approach was shown to be
inconsistent. We obtain for this state a mass $M_G=6.3^{+0.8}_{-1.1}$ GeV and
an upper limit for the total width $\Gamma_G\leq 235$ MeV. These values can be
used as an important guide for the experimental search of this exotic state. We
argue that the mixing of this glueball state with $0^{--}$ tetraquark is very
small. Therefore, the exotic $0^{--}$ glueball can be considered as a pure
gluon state.


title: Machine Learning on Human Connectome Data from MRI

abstract:
  Functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion MRI (dMRI) are non-invasive imaging
modalities that allow in-vivo analysis of a patient's brain network (known as a
connectome). Use of these technologies has enabled faster and better diagnoses
and treatments of neurological disorders and a deeper understanding of the
human brain. Recently, researchers have been exploring the application of
machine learning models to connectome data in order to predict clinical
outcomes and analyze the importance of subnetworks in the brain. Connectome
data has unique properties, which present both special challenges and
opportunities when used for machine learning. The purpose of this work is to
review the literature on the topic of applying machine learning models to
MRI-based connectome data. This field is growing rapidly and now encompasses a
large body of research. To summarize the research done to date, we provide a
comparative, structured summary of 77 relevant works, tabulated according to
different criteria, that represent the majority of the literature on this
topic. (We also published a living version of this table online at
http://connectomelearning.cs.sfu.ca that the community can continue to
contribute to.) After giving an overview of how connectomes are constructed
from dMRI and fMRI data, we discuss the variety of machine learning tasks that
have been explored with connectome data. We then compare the advantages and
drawbacks of different machine learning approaches that have been employed,
discussing different feature selection and feature extraction schemes, as well
as the learning models and regularization penalties themselves. Throughout this
discussion, we focus particularly on how the methods are adapted to the unique
nature of graphical connectome data. Finally, we conclude by summarizing the
current state of the art and by outlining what we believe are strategic
directions for future research.


title: Experimental Preparation of High NOON States for Phonons

abstract:
  Multi-party entangled states have important applications in quantum metrology
and quantum computation. Experimental preparation of large entangled state, in
particular, the NOON states, however, remains challenging as the particle
number $N$ increases. Here we develop a deterministic method to generate
arbitrarily high NOON states for phonons and experimentally create the states
up to $N=9$ phonons in two radial modes of a single trapped \Yb ion. We
demonstrate that the fidelity of the NOON states are significantly above the
classical limit by measuring the interference contrast and the population
through the projective phonon measurement of two motional modes. We also
measure the quantum Fisher information of the generated NOON state and observe
the Heisenberg scaling in the lower bounds of the phase sensitivity as the $N$
increases. Our scheme is generic and applicable to other photonic or phononic
systems.


title: Universal Depinning Transition of Domain Walls in Ultrathin Ferromagnets

abstract:
  We present a quantitative and comparative study of magnetic field driven
domain wall depinning transition in different ferromagnetic ultrathin films
over a wide range of temperature. We reveal a universal scaling function
accounting for both drive and thermal effects on the depinning transition,
including critical exponents. The consistent description we obtain for both the
depinning and subthreshold thermally activated creep motion should shed light
on the universal glassy dynamics of thermally fluctuating elastic objects
pinned by disordered energy landscapes.


title: Strong Sector in non-minimal SUSY model

abstract:
  We investigate the squark sector of a supersymmetric theory with an extended
Higgs sector. We give the mass matrices of stop and sbottom, comparing the
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) case and the non-minimal case. We
discuss the impact of the extra superfields on the decay channels of the stop
searched at the LHC.


title: Multi-hop Communication in the Uplink for LPWANs

abstract:
  Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) have arisen as a promising
communication technology for supporting Internet of Things (IoT) services due
to their low power operation, wide coverage range, low cost and scalability.
However, most LPWAN solutions like SIGFOX or LoRaWAN rely on star topology
networks, where stations (STAs) transmit directly to the gateway (GW), which
often leads to rapid battery depletion in STAs located far from it. In this
work, we analyze the impact on LPWANs energy consumption of multi-hop
communication in the uplink, allowing STAs to transmit data packets in lower
power levels and higher data rates to closer parent STAs, reducing their energy
consumption consequently. To that aim, we introduce the Distance-Ring
Exponential Stations Generator (DRESG) framework, designed to evaluate the
performance of the so-called optimal-hop routing model, which establishes
optimal routing connections in terms of energy efficiency, aiming to balance
the consumption among all the STAs in the network. Results show that enabling
such multi-hop connections entails higher network lifetimes, reducing
significantly the bottleneck consumption in LPWANs with up to thousands of
STAs. These results lead to foresee multi-hop communication in the uplink as a
promising routing alternative for extending the lifetime of LPWAN deployments.


title:
Correlation analysis of radio properties and accretion-disk luminosity
  for low luminosity AGNs

abstract:
  The correlation between the jet power and accretion disk luminosity is
investigated and analyzed with our model for 7 samples of low luminosity active
galactic nuclei (LLAGNs). The main results are: (1) the power-law correlation
index ($P_{jet} \propto L_{disk}^{\mu}$) typically ranges $\mu=0.4-0.7$ for the
LLAGN samples, and there is a hint of steep index for the LLAGN sample which
hosted by a high fraction of elliptical galaxies, and there are no significant
correlation between the $\mu$ and the LLAGN types (Seyfert, LINER); (2) for
$\mu \approx$1, as noted in Liu et al., the accretion disk dominates the jet
power and the black hole (BH) spin is not important, for the LLAGN samples
studied in this paper we find that the $\mu$ is significantly less than unity,
implying that BH spin may play a significant role in the jet power of LLAGNs;
(3) the BH spin-jet power is negatively correlated with the BH mass in our
model, which means a high spin-jet efficiency in the `low' BH-mass LLAGNs; (4)
an anti-correlation between radio loudness and disk luminosity is found, which
is apparently due to the flatter power-law index in the jet-disk correlation of
the LLAGNs, and the radio loudness can be higher in the LLAGNs than in luminous
AGNs/quasars when the BH spin-jet power is comparable to or dominate over the
accretion-jet power in the LLAGNs. The high radio-core dominance of the LLAGNs
is also discussed.


title:
Direct transfer of classical non-separable state into hybrid entangled
  two photon state

abstract:
  Hybrid entangled states, having entanglement between different
degrees-of-freedom (DoF) of a particle pair, are of great interest for quantum
information science and communication protocols. Among different DoFs, the
hybrid entangled states encoded with polarization and orbital angular momentum
(OAM) allow the generation of qubit-qudit entangled states, macroscopic
entanglement with very high quanta of OAM and improvement in angular resolution
in remote sensing. Till date, such hybrid entangled states are generated by
using a high-fidelity polarization entangled state and subsequent imprinting of
chosen amount of OAM using suitable mode converters such as spatial light
modulator in complicated experimental schemes. Given that the entangled sources
have feeble number of photons, loss of photons during imprinting of OAM using
diffractive optical elements limits the use of such hybrid state for practical
applications. Here we report, on a simple experimental scheme to generate
hybrid entangled state in polarization and OAM through direct transfer of
classical non-separable state of the pump beam in parametric down conversion
process. As a proof of principle, using local non-separable pump state of OAM
mode l=3, we have produced quantum hybrid entangled state with entanglement
witness parameter of W-1.25 violating by 8 standard deviation. The generic
scheme can be used to produce hybrid entangled state between two photons
differing by any quantum number through proper choice of non-separable state of
the pump beam.


title: Improved error bound for multivariate Chebyshev polynomial interpolation

abstract:
  Chebyshev interpolation is a highly effective, intensively studied method and
enjoys excellent numerical properties. The interpolation nodes are known
beforehand, implementation is straightforward and the method is numerically
stable. For efficiency, a sharp error bound is essential, in particular for
high-dimensional applications. For tensorized Chebyshev interpolation, we
present an error bound that improves existing results significantly.


title: Oscillations in the Flaring Active Region NOAA 11272

abstract:
  We studied waves seen during the class C1.9 flare that occurred in Active
Region NOAA 11272 on SOL2011-08-17. We found standing waves with periods in the
9- and 19-minute band in six extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths of the
SDO/AIA instrument. We succeeded in identifying the magnetic arc where the
flare started and two neighbour loops that were disturbed in sequence. The
analysed standing waves spatially coincide with these observed EUV loops. To
study the wave characteristics along the loops, we extrapolated field lines
from the line-of-sight magnetograms using the force-free approximation in the
linear regime. We used atmosphere models to determine the mass density and
temperature at each height of the loop. Then, we calculated the sound and
Alfv{\'e}n speeds using densities $10^8 \lesssim n_i \lesssim 10^{17}$
cm$^{-3}$ and temperatures $10^3 \lesssim T \lesssim 10^7$ K. The brightness
asymmetry in the observed standing waves resembles the Alfv{\'e}n speed
distribution along the loops, but the atmospheric model we used needs higher
densities to explain the observed periods.


title:
Spitzer Secondary Eclipse Depths with Multiple Intrapixel Sensitivity
  Correction Methods: Observations of WASP-13b, WASP-15b, WASP-16b, WASP-62b,
  and HAT-P-22b

abstract:
  We measure the 4.5 $\mu$m thermal emission of five transiting hot Jupiters,
WASP-13b, WASP-15b, WASP-16b, WASP-62b and HAT-P-22b using channel 2 of the
Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on the {\sl Spitzer Space Telescope}. Significant
intrapixel sensitivity variations in Spitzer IRAC data require careful
correction in order to achieve precision on the order of several hundred parts
per million (ppm) for the measurement of exoplanet secondary eclipses. We
determine eclipse depths by first correcting the raw data using three
independent data reduction methods. The Pixel Gain Map (PMAP), Nearest
Neighbors (NNBR), and Pixel Level Decorrelation (PLD) each correct for the
intrapixel sensitivity effect in Spitzer photometric time-series observations.
The results from each methodology are compared against each other to establish
if they reach a statistically equivalent result in every case and to evaluate
their ability to minimize uncertainty in the measurement. We find that all
three methods produce reliable results. For every planet examined here NNBR and
PLD produce results that are in statistical agreement. However, the PMAP method
appears to produce results in slight disagreement in cases where the stellar
centroid is not kept consistently on the most well characterized area of the
detector. We evaluate the ability of each method to reduce the scatter in the
residuals as well as in the correlated noise in the corrected data. The NNBR
and PLD methods consistently minimize both white and red noise levels and
should be considered reliable and consistent. The planets in this study span
equilibrium temperatures from 1100 to 2000~K and have brightness temperatures
that require either high albedo or efficient recirculation. However, it is
possible that other processes such as clouds or disequilibrium chemistry may
also be responsible for producing these brightness temperatures.


title:
Isospin splitting of nucleon effective mass and symmetry energy in
  isotopic nuclear reactions

abstract:
  Within an isospin and momentum dependent transport model, the dynamics of
isospin particles (nucleons and light clusters) in Fermi-energy heavy-ion
collisions are investigated for constraining the isospin splitting of nucleon
effective mass and the symmetry energy at subsaturation densities. The mass
splitting of $m^{*}_{n}>m^{*}_{p}$ and $m^{*}_{n}<m^{*}_{p}$ in nuclear matter
and the different stiffness of symmetry energy are used in the model. The
single and double neutron to proton ratios of free nucleons and light particles
are thoroughly investigated in the isotopic nuclear reactions of
$^{112}$Sn+$^{112}$Sn and $^{124}$Sn+$^{124}$Sn at the incident energies of 50
and 120 MeV/nucleon, respectively. It is found that the both effective mass
splitting and symmetry energy impact the kinetic energy spectra of the single
ratios, in particular at the high energy tail (larger than 20 MeV). Specific
constraints are obtained from the double ratio spectra, which are evaluated
from the ratios of isospin observables produced in $^{124}$Sn+$^{124}$Sn over
$^{112}$Sn+$^{112}$Sn collisions. A mass splitting of $m^{*}_{n}<m^{*}_{p}$ is
constrained from the available data at the energy of 120 MeV/nucleon. A soft
symmetry energy with the stiffness of $\gamma_{s}=$0.5 is close to the
experimental double ratio spectra at both energies.


title: Inversion of Zeeman polarization for solar magnetic field diagnostics

abstract:
  The topic of magnetic field diagnostics with the Zeeman effect is currently
vividly discussed. There are some testable inversion codes available to the
spectropolarimetry community and their application allowed for a better
understanding of the magnetism of the solar atmosphere. In this context, we
propose an inversion technique associated with a new numerical code. The
inversion procedure is promising and particularly successful for interpreting
the Stokes profiles in quick and sufficiently precise way. In our inversion, we
fit a part of each Stokes profile around a target wavelength, and then
determine the magnetic field as a function of the wavelength which is
equivalent to get the magnetic field as a function of the height of line
formation.
  To test the performance of the new numerical code, we employed "hare and
hound" approach by comparing an exact solution (called input) with the solution
obtained by the code (called output). The precision of the code is also checked
by comparing our results to the ones obtained with the HAO MERLIN code. The
inversion code has been applied to synthetic Stokes profiles of the Na D$_{1}$
line available in the literature. We investigated the limitations in recovering
the input field in case of noisy data. As an application, we applied our
inversion code to the polarization profiles of the Fe {\sc i} $\lambda$ 6302.5
\AA\ observed at IRSOL in Locarno.


title: Tensor RG calculations and quantum simulations near criticality

abstract:
  We discuss the reformulation of the O(2) model with a chemical potential and
the Abelian Higgs model on a 1+1 dimensional space-time lattice using the
Tensor Renormalization Group (TRG) method. The TRG allows exact blocking and
connects smoothly the classical Lagrangian approach to the quantum Hamiltonian
approach. We calculate the entanglement entropy in the superfluid phase of the
O(2) model and show that it approximately obeys the logarithmic Calabrese-Cardy
scaling obtained from Conformal Field Theory (CFT). We calculate the Polyakov
loop in the Abelian Higgs model and discuss the possibility of a deconfinement
transition at finite volume. We propose Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians implementable
on optical lattices as quantum simulators for CFT models.


title: Wave energy absorption by a submerged air bag connected to a rigid float

abstract:
  A new wave energy device features a submerged ballasted air bag connected at
the top to a rigid float. Under wave action, the bag expands and contracts,
creating a reciprocating air flow through a turbine between the bag and another
volume housed within the float. Laboratory measurements are generally in good
agreement with numerical predictions. Both show that the trajectory of possible
combinations of pressure and elevation at which the device is in static
equilibrium takes the shape of an S. This means that statically the device can
have three different draughts, and correspondingly three different bag shapes,
for the same pressure. The behaviour in waves depends on where the mean
pressure-elevation condition is on the static trajectory. The captured power is
highest for a mean condition on the middle section.


title: Specific Heat of Spin Excitations Measured by FerromagneticResonance

abstract:
  Using ferromagnetic-resonance spectroscopy (FMR), we investigate the
anisotropic properties of epitaxial 3 nmPt/2 nmAg/10 nmFe/10 nmAg/GaAs(001)
films in fully saturated meta-stable states at temperatures ranging from 70 K
to 280 K. By comparison to spin-wave theory calculations, we identify the role
of thermal fluctuation of magnons in overcoming the energy barrier associated
with these meta-stable states. We show that the energy associated with the size
of the barrier that bounds the meta-stable regime is proportional to the heat
stored in the magnonic bath. Our findings offer the possibility to measure the
magnonic contribution to the heat capacity by FMR, independent of other
contributions at temperatures ranging from 0 K to ambient temperature and
above. The only requirement being that the selected sample exhibits magnetic
anisotropy, here, magnetocrystalline anisotropy.


title:
Low-latency Ultra Reliable 5G Communications: Finite-Blocklength Bounds
  and Coding Schemes

abstract:
  Future autonomous systems require wireless connectivity able to support
extremely stringent requirements on both latency and reliability. In this
paper, we leverage recent developments in the field of finite-blocklength
information theory to illustrate how to optimally design wireless systems in
the presence of such stringent constraints. Focusing on a multi-antenna
Rayleigh block-fading channel, we obtain bounds on the maximum number of bits
that can be transmitted within given bandwidth, latency, and reliability
constraints, using an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system similar
to LTE. These bounds unveil the fundamental interplay between latency,
bandwidth, rate, and reliability. Furthermore, they suggest how to optimally
use the available spatial and frequency diversity. Finally, we use our bounds
to benchmark the performance of an actual coding scheme involving the
transmission of short packets.


title: The Phillip Island penguin parade (a mathematical treatment)

abstract:
  Penguins are flightless, so they are forced to walk while on land. In
particular, they show rather specific behaviors in their homecoming, which are
interesting to observe and to describe analytically. In this paper, we present
a simple mathematical formulation to describe the little penguins parade in
Phillip Island. We observed that penguins have the tendency to waddle back and
forth on the shore to create a sufficiently large group and then walk home
compactly together. The mathematical framework that we introduce describes this
phenomenon, by taking into account "natural parameters" such as the eye-sight
of the penguins, their cruising speed and the possible "fear" of animals. On
the one hand, this favors the formation of conglomerates of penguins that
gather together, but, on the other hand, this may lead to the "panic" of
isolated and exposed individuals. The model that we propose is based on a set
of ordinary differential equations. Due to the discontinuous behavior of the
speed of the penguins, the mathematical treatment (to get existence and
uniqueness of the solution) is based on a "stop-and-go" procedure. We use this
setting to provide rigorous examples in which at least some penguins manage to
safely return home (there are also cases in which some penguins freeze due to
panic). To facilitate the intuition of the model, we also present some simple
numerical simulations that can be compared with the actual movement of the
penguins parade.


title: Topological classification of systems of bilinear and sesquilinear forms

abstract:
  Let $\cal A$ and $\cal B$ be two systems consisting of the same vector spaces
$\mathbb C^{n_1},\dots,\mathbb C^{n_t}$ and bilinear or sesquilinear forms
$A_i,B_i:\mathbb C^{n_{k(i)}}\times\mathbb C^{n_{l(i)}}\to\mathbb C$, for
$i=1,\dots,s$. We prove that $\cal A$ is transformed to $\cal B$ by
homeomorphisms within $\mathbb C^{n_1},\dots,\mathbb C^{n_t}$ if and only if
$\cal A$ is transformed to $\cal B$ by linear bijections within $\mathbb
C^{n_1},\dots,\mathbb C^{n_t}$.


title: A Table of Derivatives on Arbitrary Time Scales

abstract:
  This paper presents a collection of useful formulas of dynamic derivatives on
time scales, systematically collected for reference purposes. As an
application, we define trigonometric and hyperbolic functions on time scales in
such a way the most essential qualitative properties of the corresponding
continuous functions are generalized in a proper way.


title: Mimicking spatial localization in dynamical random environment

abstract:
  We study the role played by noise on the QW introduced in [1], a 1D model
that is inspired by a two particle interacting QW. The noise is introduced by a
random change in the value of the phase during the evolution, from a constant
probability distribution within a given interval. The consequences of
introducing such kind of noise depend on both the center value and the width of
that interval: a wider interval manifests as a higher level of noise. For some
range of parameters, one obtains a quasi-localized state, with a diffusive
speed that can be controlled by varying the parameters of the noise. The
existence of this (approximately) localized state for such kind of
time-dependent noise is, to the best of our knowledge, totally new, since
localization (i.e., Anderson localization) is linked in the literature to a
spatial random noise.


title:
Space and circular time log Gaussian Cox processes with application to
  crime event data

abstract:
  We view the locations and times of a collection of crime events as a
space-time point pattern. So, with either a nonhomogeneous Poisson process or
with a more general Cox process, we need to specify a space-time intensity. For
the latter, we need a \emph{random} intensity which we model as a realization
of a spatio-temporal log Gaussian process. Importantly, we view time as
circular not linear, necessitating valid separable and nonseparable covariance
functions over a bounded spatial region crossed with circular time. In
addition, crimes are classified by crime type. Furthermore, each crime event is
recorded by day of the year which we convert to day of the week marks.
  The contribution here is to develop models to accommodate such data. Our
specifications take the form of hierarchical models which we fit within a
Bayesian framework. In this regard, we consider model comparison between the
nonhomogeneous Poisson process and the log Gaussian Cox process. We also
compare separable vs. nonseparable covariance specifications.
  Our motivating dataset is a collection of crime events for the city of San
Francisco during the year 2012. We have location, hour, day of the year, and
crime type for each event. We investigate models to enhance our understanding
of the set of incidences.


title:
Duality for relative logarithmic de Rham-Witt sheaves and wildly
  ramified class field theory over finite fields

abstract:
  In order to study $p$-adic \'etale cohomology of an open subvariety $U$ of a
smooth proper variety $X$ over a perfect field of characteristic $p>0$, we
introduce new $p$-primary torsion sheaves. It is a modification of the
logarithmic de Rham-Witt sheaves of $X$ depending on effective divisors $D$
supported in $X-U$. Then we establish a perfect duality between cohomology
groups of the logarithmic de Rham-Witt cohomology of $U$ and an inverse limit
of those of the mentioned modified sheaves. Over a finite field, the duality
can be used to study wild ramification class field theory for the open
subvariety $U$.


title: Convergence of depths and depth-trimmed regions

abstract:
  Depth is a concept that measures the `centrality' of a point in a given data
cloud or in a given probability distribution. Every depth defines a family of
so-called trimmed regions. For statistical applications it is desirable that
with increasing sample size the empirical depth as well as the empirical
trimmed regions converge almost surely to their population counterparts.
  In this article the connections between different types of convergence are
discussed. In particular, conditions are given under which the pointwise (resp.
uniform) convergence of the data depth implies the pointwise (resp. compact)
convergence of the trimmed regions in the Hausdorff metric as well as
conditions under which the reverse implications hold. Further, it is shown that
under relative weak conditions the pointwise convergence of the data depth
(resp. trimmed regions) is equivalent to the uniform convergence of the data
depth (resp. compact convergence of the trimmed regions).


title:
Duality for relative logarithmic de Rham-Witt sheaves on semistable
  schemes over $\mathbb{F}_q[[t]]$

abstract:
  We study duality theorems for the relative logarithmic de Rham-Witt sheaves
on semi-stable schemes $X$ over a local ring $\mathbb{F}_q[[t]]$, where
$\mathbb{F}_q$ is a finite field. As an application, we obtain a new filtration
on the maximal abelian quotient $\pi^{\text{ab}}_1(U)$ of the \'etale
fundamental groups $\pi_1(U)$ of an open subscheme $U \subseteq X$, which gives
a measure of ramification along a divisor $D$ with normal crossing and
$\text{Supp}(D) \subseteq X-U$. This filtration coincides with the
Brylinski-Kato-Matsuda filtration in the relative dimension zero case.


title: The Division Algorithm in Sextic Truncated Moment Problems

abstract:
  For a degree 2n finite sequence of real numbers $\beta \equiv \beta^{(2n)}=
\{ \beta_{00},\beta_{10}, \beta_{01},\cdots, \beta_{2n,0},
\beta_{2n-1,1},\cdots, \beta_{1,2n-1},\beta_{0,2n} \}$ to have a representing
measure $\mu $, it is necessary for the associated moment matrix
$\mathcal{M}(n)$ to be positive semidefinite, and for the algebraic variety
associated to $\beta $, $\mathcal{V}_{\beta} \equiv
\mathcal{V}(\mathcal{M}(n))$, to satisfy $\operatorname{rank}
\mathcal{M}(n)\leq \operatorname{card} \mathcal{V}_{\beta}$ as well as the
following consistency} condition: if a polynomial $p(x,y)\equiv
\sum_{ij}a_{ij}x^{i}y^j$ of degree at most 2n vanishes on
$\mathcal{V}_{\beta}$, then the Riesz functional $\Lambda (p) \equiv p(\beta
):=\sum_{ij}a_{ij}\beta _{ij}=0$.
  Positive semidefiniteness, recursiveness, and the variety condition of a
moment matrix are necessary and sufficient conditions to solve the quadratic
($n=1$) and quartic ($n=2$) moment problems. Also, positive semidefiniteness,
combined with consistency, is a sufficient condition in the case of extremal
moment problems, i.e., when the rank of the moment matrix (denoted by r) and
the cardinality of the associated algebraic variety (denoted by v) are equal.
  For extremal sextic moment problems, verifying consistency amounts to having
good representation theorems for sextic polynomials in two variables vanishing
on the algebraic variety of the moment sequence. We obtain such representation
theorems using the Division Algorithm from algebraic geometry. As a
consequence, we are able to complete the analysis of extremal sextic moment
problems.


title: Non-extremal sextic moment problems

abstract:
  Positive semidefiniteness, recursiveness, and the variety condition of a
moment matrix are necessary and sufficient conditions to solve the quadratic
and quartic moment problems. Also, positive semidefiniteness, combined with
another necessary condition, consistency, is a sufficient condition in the case
of extremal moment problems, i.e., when the rank of the moment matrix (denoted
by r) and the cardinality of the associated algebraic variety (denoted by v)
are equal. However, these conditions are not sufficient for non-extremal sextic
or higher-order truncated moment problems.
  In this paper we settle three key instances of the non-extremal (i.e., r<v)
sextic moment problem, as follows: when r=7, positive semidefiniteness,
consistency and the variety condition guarantee the existence of a 7-atomic
representing measure; when r=8 we construct two determining algorithms,
corresponding to the cases v=9 and $v=+ \infty$. \ To accomplish this, we
generalize the rank-reduction technique developed in previous work, where we
solved the nonsingular quartic moment problem and found an explicit way to
build a representing measure.


title:
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communications in Software-defined and
  Virtualized Cellular Networks

abstract:
  Machine-to-machine (M2M) communications have attracted great attention from
both academia and industry. In this paper, with recent advances in wireless
network virtualization and software-defined networking (SDN), we propose a
novel framework for M2M communications in software-defined cellular networks
with wireless network virtualization. In the proposed framework, according to
different functions and quality of service (QoS) requirements of machine-type
communication devices (MTCDs), a hypervisor enables the virtualization of the
physical M2M network, which is abstracted and sliced into multiple virtual M2M
networks. In addition, we develop a decision-theoretic approach to optimize the
random access process of M2M communications. Furthermore, we develop a feedback
and control loop to dynamically adjust the number of resource blocks (RBs) that
are used in the random access phase in a virtual M2M network by the SDN
controller. Extensive simulation results with different system parameters are
presented to show the performance of the proposed scheme.


title:
Nonlocal conservation laws. I. A new class of monotonicity-preserving
  models

abstract:
  We introduce a new class of nonlocal nonlinear conservation laws in one space
dimension that allow for nonlocal interactions over a finite horizon. The
proposed model, which we refer to as the nonlocal pair interaction model,
inherits at the continuum level the unwinding feature of finite difference
schemes for local hyperbolic conservation laws, so that the maximum principle
and certain monotonicity properties hold and, consequently, the entropy
inequalities are naturally satisfied. We establish a global-in-time
well-posedness theory for these models which covers a broad class of initial
data. Moreover, in the limit when the horizon parameter approaches zero, we are
able to prove that our nonlocal model reduces to the conventional class of
local hyperbolic conservation laws. Furthermore, we propose a numerical
discretization method adapted to our nonlocal model, which relies on a monotone
numerical flux and a uniform mesh, and we establish that these numerical
solutions converge to a solution, providing as by-product both the existence
theory for the nonlocal model and the convergence property relating the
nonlocal regime and the asymptotic local regime.


title:
On certain variant of strongly nonlinear interpolation inequality in
  dimension n

abstract:
  We obtain the inequality $$\int_{\Omega}|\nabla u(x)|^ph(u(x))dx\leq
C(n,p)\int_{\Omega} \left( \sqrt{ |\nabla^{(2)} u(x)||{\cal
T}_{h,C}(u(x))|}\right)^{p}h(u(x))dx,$$ where $\Omega\subseteq {\bf R}^n$ and
$n\ge 2$, $u:\Omega\rightarrow {\bf R}$ is in certain subset in second order
Sobolev space $W^{2,1}_{loc}(\Omega)$, $\nabla^{(2)} u$ is the Hessian matrix
of $u$, ${\cal T}_{h,C}(u)$ is certain transformation of the continuous
function $h(\cdot)$. Such inequality is the generalization of similar
inequality holding in one dimension, obtained earlier by second author and
Peszek.


title: Green Wireless Sensor Networks with Wireless Power Transfer

abstract:
  An energy cooperation policy for energy harvesting wireless sensor networks
(WSNs) with wireless power transfer is proposed in this paper to balance the
energy at each sensor node and increase the total energy utilization ratio of
the whole WSNs. Considering the unbalanced spatio-temporal properties of the
energy supply across the deployment terrain of energy harvesting WSNs and the
dynamic traffic load at each sensor node, the energy cooperation problem among
sensor nodes is decomposed into two steps: the local energy storage at each
sensor node based on its traffic load to meet its own needs; within the energy
storage procedure sensor nodes with excess energy transmit a part of their
energy to nodes with energy shortage through the energy trading. Inventory
theory and game theory are respectively applied to solving the local energy
storage problem at each sensor node and the energy trading problem among
multiple sensor nodes. Numerical results show that compared with the static
energy cooperation method without energy trading, the Stackelberg Model based
Game we design in this paper can significantly improve the trading volume of
energy thereby increasing the utilization ratio of the harvested energy which
is unevenly distributed in the WSNs.


title: Bayesian priors and nuisance parameters

abstract:
  Bayesian techniques are widely used to obtain spectral functions from
correlators. We suggest a technique to rid the results of nuisance parameters,
ie, parameters which are needed for the regularization but cannot be determined
from data. We give examples where the method works, including a pion mass
extraction with two flavours of staggered quarks at a lattice spacing of about
0.07 fm. We also give an example where the method does not work.


title: Local Uniformization of Codimension One Foliations

abstract:
  The reduction of singularities of codimension one foliations is known in the
case of ambient dimension 2 (Seidenberg, A. (1968). Reduction of singularities
of the differential equation Ady= Bdx. American Journal of Mathematics, 90(1),
248-269) and 3 (Cano, F. (2004). Reduction of the singularities of codimension
one singular foliations in dimension three. Annals of mathematics, 160(3),
907-1011). However, in greater ambient dimension it is still an open problem.
In this work we prove the existence of local uniformization for codimension one
foliations in arbitrary ambient dimension, in the case of rational archimedean
valuations.


title: Composition of Solar System Small Bodies

abstract:
  The aim of the chapter is to summarize our understanding of the compositional
distribution across the different reservoirs of small bodies (main belt
asteroids, giant planet trojans, irregular satellites of the giant planets,
TNOs, comets). We then use this information to i) discuss current dynamical
models (Nice and Grand Tack models), ii) mention possible caveats in these
models if any, and iii) draw a preliminary version of the primordial
compositional gradient across the solar system before planetary migrations
occured. Note that the composition of both planetary satellites (the regular
ones) and that of the transient populations (NEOs, centaurs) is not discussed
here. We strictly focus on the composition of the main reservoirs of small
bodies. The manuscript's objective is to provide a global and synthetic view of
small bodies' compositions rather than a very detailed one, for specific
reviews regarding the composition of small bodies, see papers by Burbine (2014)
for asteroids, Emery et al. (2015) for Jupiter trojans, Mumma and Charnley
(2011) for comets, and Brown (2012) for KBOs.


title: Universal moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces

abstract:
  We construct a moduli space for Riemann surfaces that is universal in the
sense that it represents compact Riemann surfaces of any finite genus. This
moduli space is stratifed according to genus, and it carries a metric and a
measure that induce a Riemannian metric and a finite volume measure on each
stratum. Applications to the Plateau-Douglas problem for minimal surfaces of
varying genus and to the partition function of Bosonic string theory are
outlined. The construction starts with a universal moduli space of Abelian
varieties. This space carries a structure of an infinite dimensional locally
symmetric space which is of interest in its own right. The key to our
construction of the universal moduli space then is the Torelli map that assigns
to every Riemann surface its Jacobian and its extension to the
Satake-Baily-Borel compactifications.


title: BliStrTune: Hierarchical Invention of Theorem Proving Strategies

abstract:
  Inventing targeted proof search strategies for specific problem sets is a
difficult task. State-of-the-art automated theorem provers (ATPs) such as E
allow a large number of user-specified proof search strategies described in a
rich domain specific language. Several machine learning methods that invent
strategies automatically for ATPs were proposed previously. One of them is the
Blind Strategymaker (BliStr), a system for automated invention of ATP
strategies.
  In this paper we introduce BliStrTune -- a hierarchical extension of BliStr.
BliStrTune allows exploring much larger space of E strategies by interleaving
search for high-level parameters with their fine-tuning. We use BliStrTune to
invent new strategies based also on new clause weight functions targeted at
problems from large ITP libraries. We show that the new strategies
significantly improve E's performance in solving problems from the Mizar
Mathematical Library.


title: The Formation and Evolution of Ordinary Chondrite Parent Bodies

abstract:
  Ordinary chondrites (OCs) are by far the most abundant meteorites (80% of all
falls). Their origin has long been the matter of a heated debate. About thirty
years ago (e.g., Pellas 1988), it was proposed that OCs should originate from
S-type bodies (the most abundant asteroid spectral types in the inner part of
the asteroid belt), but the apparent discrepancy between S-type asteroid and OC
reflectance spectra generated what was known as the S-type--OC conundrum. This
paradox has gradually been resolved over the years. It is now understood that
space weathering processes are responsible for the spectral mismatch between
S-type bodies and OCs. Furthermore, both telescopic observations and the first
asteroid sample return mission (Hayabusa) indicate that most S-type bodies have
mineralogies similar to those of OCs. Importantly, the S-type/OC link, which
has remained sterile for more than 30 years, has been delivering fundamental
constraints on the formation and evolution of planetesimals over the recent
years.


title: WASP-20 is a close visual binary with a transiting hot Jupiter

abstract:
  We announce the discovery that WASP-20 is a binary stellar system, consisting
of two components separated by $0.2578\pm0.0007^{\prime\prime}$ on the sky,
with a flux ratio of $0.4639\pm 0.0015$ in the $K$-band. It has previously been
assumed that the system consists of a single F9 V star, with photometric and
radial velocity signals consistent with a low-density transiting giant planet.
With a projected separation of approximately $60$ au between the two
components, the detected planetary signals almost certainly originate from the
brighter of the two stars. We reanalyse previous observations allowing for two
scenarios, `planet transits A' and `planet transits B', finding that both cases
remain consistent with a transiting gas giant. However, we rule out the `planet
transits B' scenario because the observed transit duration requires star B to
be significantly evolved, and therefore have an age much greater than star A.
We outline further observations which can be used to confirm this finding. Our
preferred `planet transits A' scenario results in the measured mass and radius
of the planet increasing by 4$\sigma$ and 1$\sigma$, respectively.


title: The fully nonconforming virtual element method for biharmonic problems

abstract:
  In this paper we address the numerical approximation of linear fourth-order
elliptic problems on polygonal meshes. In particular, we present a novel
nonconforming virtual element discretization of arbitrary order of accuracy for
biharmonic problems. The approximation space is made of possibly discontinuous
functions, thus giving rise to the fully nonconforming virtual element method.
We derive optimal error estimates in a suitable (broken) energy norm and
present numerical results to assess the validity of the theoretical estimates.


title:
Structural Correspondence Learning for Cross-lingual Sentiment
  Classification with One-to-many Mappings

abstract:
  Structural correspondence learning (SCL) is an effective method for
cross-lingual sentiment classification. This approach uses unlabeled documents
along with a word translation oracle to automatically induce task specific,
cross-lingual correspondences. It transfers knowledge through identifying
important features, i.e., pivot features. For simplicity, however, it assumes
that the word translation oracle maps each pivot feature in source language to
exactly only one word in target language. This one-to-one mapping between words
in different languages is too strict. Also the context is not considered at
all. In this paper, we propose a cross-lingual SCL based on distributed
representation of words; it can learn meaningful one-to-many mappings for pivot
words using large amounts of monolingual data and a small dictionary. We
conduct experiments on NLP\&CC 2013 cross-lingual sentiment analysis dataset,
employing English as source language, and Chinese as target language. Our
method does not rely on the parallel corpora and the experimental results show
that our approach is more competitive than the state-of-the-art methods in
cross-lingual sentiment classification.


title:
Adding Path-Functional Dependencies to the Guarded Two-Variable Fragment
  with Counting

abstract:
  The satisfiability and finite satisfiability problems for the two-variable
guarded fragment of first-order logic with counting quantifiers, a database,
and path-functional dependencies are both ExpTime-complete.


title: On just-infinite periodic locally soluble groups

abstract:
  We construct an uncountable family of periodic locally soluble groups which
are hereditarily just infinite. We also show that the associated full
C*-algebra C*(G) is just infinite for many groups $G$ in this family.


title: On the number of ordinary lines determined by sets in complex space

abstract:
  Kelly's theorem states that a set of $n$ points affinely spanning
$\mathbb{C}^3$ must determine at least one ordinary complex line (a line
passing through exactly two of the points). Our main theorem shows that such
sets determine at least $3n/2$ ordinary lines, unless the configuration has
$n-1$ points in a plane and one point outside the plane (in which case there
are at least $n-1$ ordinary lines). In addition, when at most $2n/3$ points are
contained in any plane, we prove a theorem giving stronger bounds that take
advantage of the existence of lines with 4 and more points (in the spirit of
Melchior's and Hirzebruch's inequalities). Furthermore, when the points span 4
or more dimensions, with at most $2n/3$ points contained in any three
dimensional affine subspace, we show that there must be a quadratic number of
ordinary lines.


title:
TaO$^+$, a Candidate Molecular Ion in Search of Physics Beyond the
  Standard Model

abstract:
  The TaO$^+$ molecular ion is proposed as a candidate system for detecting
signatures of charge parity (${\cal{CP}}$) violating physics beyond the
standard model of elementary particles. The electron electric dipole moment
(EDM) effective electric field $E_{\text{eff}} = 20.2 \left[\frac{\rm GV}{\rm
cm}\right]$, the nucleon-electron scalar-pseudoscalar (ne-SPS) interaction
constant $W_{S} = 17.7$ [kHz] and the nuclear magnetic quadrupole interaction
constant $W_M = 0.45$ [$\frac{10^{33} {\text{Hz}}}{e\, {\text{cm}}^2}$] are
found to be sizeable ${\cal{P,T}}$-odd enhancements. The ratio of the leptonic
and semi-leptonic enhancements differs strongly from the one for the ThO system
which may provide improved limits on the electron EDM, $d_e$, and the SPS
coupling constant, $C_S$. TaO$^+$ is found to have a ${^3\Delta_1}$ electronic
ground state like the previously proposed ThF$^+$ molecular ion, but an order
of magnitude smaller parallel G-tensor component which makes it less vulnerable
to systematic errors in experiment.


title: Some Relations for Quark Confinement and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in QCD

abstract:
  We analytically study the relation between quark confinement and spontaneous
chiral-symmetry breaking in QCD. In terms of the Dirac eigenmodes, we derive
some formulae for the Polyakov loop, its fluctuations, and the string tension
from the Wilson loop. We also investigate the Polyakov loop in terms of the
eigenmodes of the Wilson, the clover and the domain wall fermion kernels,
respectively. For the confinement quantities, the low-lying Dirac/fermion
eigenmodes are found to give negligible contribution, while they are essential
for chiral symmetry breaking. These relations indicate no direct one-to-one
correspondence between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD, which
seems to be natural because confinement is realized independently of the quark
mass.


title:
Eliminating Tight Coupling using Subscriptions Subgrouping in Structured
  Overlays

abstract:
  Advertisements and subscriptions are tightly coupled to generate publication
routing paths in content--based publish/subscribe systems. Tight coupling
requires instantaneous updates in routing tables to generate alternative paths
which prevents offering scalable and robust dynamic routing in cyclic overlays
when link congestion is detected. We propose, OctopiA, first distributed
publish/subscribe system for content--based inter--cluster dynamic routing
using purpose--built structured cyclic overlays. OctopiA uses a novel concept
of subscription subgrouping, which divides subscriptions into disjoint sets
called subscription subgroups. The purpose--built structured cyclic overlay is
divided into identical clusters where subscriptions in each subgroup are
broadcast to an exclusive cluster. Our advertisement and subscription
forwarding algorithms use subscription subgrouping to eliminate tight coupling
to offer inter--cluster dynamic routing without requiring updates in routing
tables. Experiments on a cluster testbed with real world data show that OctopiA
reduces the number of saved advertisements in routing tables by 93%,
subscription broadcast delay by 33%, static and dynamic publication delivery
delays by 25% and 54%, respectively.


title: A multiple flux-tube solar wind model

abstract:
  We present a new model, MULTI-VP, that computes the three-dimensional
structure of the solar wind which includes the chromosphere, the transition
region, and the corona and low heliosphere. MULTI-VP calculates a large
ensemble of wind profiles flowing along open magnetic field-lines which sample
the whole three-dimensional atmosphere or, alternatively, on a given region of
interest. The radial domain starts from the photosphere and extends, typically,
to about 30 $R_{sun}$ . The elementary uni-dimensional wind solutions are based
on a mature numerical scheme which was adapted in order to accept any flux-tube
geometry. We discuss here the first results obtained with this model. We use
Potential Field Source-Surface (PFSS) extrapolations of magnetograms from the
Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) to determine the structure of the background
magnetic field. Our results support the hypothesis that the geometry of the
magnetic flux-tubes in the lower corona controls the distribution of slow and
fast wind flows. The inverse correlation between density and speed faraway from
the Sun is a global effect resulting from small readjustments of the flux-tube
cross-sections in the high corona (necessary to achieve global pressure balance
and a uniform open flux distribution). In comparison to current global MHD
models, MULTI-VP performs much faster and does not suffer from spurious
cross-field diffusion effects. We show that MULTI-VP has the capability to
predict correctly the dynamical and thermal properties of the background solar
wind (wind speed, density, temperature, magnetic field amplitude and other
derived quantities) and to approach real-time operation requirements.


title:
A new look at the integrated radio/microwave continuum spectrum of
  Galactic supernova remnant IC443

abstract:
  Recent observations of the microwave sky, by the space telescopes such as
WMAP and Planck, have opened a new window into the analysis of continuum
emission from supernova remnants (SNRs). In this paper, different emission
models that can explain the characteristic shape of presently known integrated
radio/microwave continuum spectrum of the Galactic SNR IC 443 are tested and
discussed. In particular, the possibility that the slight bump in the
integrated continuum of this remnant around 20 -- 70~GHz is genuine and that
can be explained by the contribution of additional emission mechanism such as
of spinning dust is emphasized. We find that adding a spinning dust component
to the emission model improves the fit of the integrated spectrum of this SNR
while, at the same time preserves the physically probable parameter values.
Finally, models that include the high-frequency synchrotron bending of the IC
443 radio to microwave continuum are favored.


title: Pre-nebular light curves of type I supernovae

abstract:
  We compare analytic predictions of supernova light curves with recent high
quality data from SN2011fe (Ia), from KSN2011b (Ia), and the Palomar Transient
Factory (PTF) and the La Silla-QUEST variability survey (LSQ) (Ia).
  Because of the steady, fast cadence of observations, KSN2011b provides unique
new information on SNe Ia: the smoothness of the light curve, which is
consistent with significant large-scale mixing during the explosion, possibly
due to 3D effects (e.g., Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities), and provides support
for a slowly-varying leakage (mean opacity). For a more complex light curve
(SN2008D, SNIb), we separate the luminosity due to multiple causes and indicate
the possibility of a radioactive plume. The early rise in luminosity is shown
to be affected by the opacity (leakage rate) for thermal and non-thermal
radiation. A general derivation of Arnett's rule again shows that it depends
upon {\em all} processes heating the plasma, not just radioactive ones, so that
SNe Ia will differ from SNe Ibc if the latter have multiple heating processes.


title: Bayesian Analysis of AR(1) Model

abstract:
  The first-order autoregressive process, AR (1), has been widely used and
implemented in time series analysis. Different estimation methods have been
employed in order to estimate the autoregressive parameter. This article
focuses on subjective Bayesian estimation as opposed to objective Bayesian
estimation and frequentist procedures. The truncated normal distribution is
considered as a prior, to impose stationarity. The posterior distribution as
well as the Bayes estimator are derived. A comparative study between the newly
derived estimator and other existing estimation methods (frequentist) is
employed in terms of simulation and real data. Furthermore, a posterior
sensitivity analysis is performed based on four different priors; g prior,
natural conjugate prior, Jeffreys' prior and truncated normal prior and the
performance is compared in terms of Highest Posterior Density Region criterion.


title:
Effects of large degenerate advection and boundary conditions on the
  principal eigenvalue and its eigenfunction of a linear second order elliptic
  operator

abstract:
  In this article, we study, as the coefficient $s\to\infty$, the asymptotic
behavior of the principal eigenvalue of
$$-\varphi''(x)-2sm'(x)\varphi'(x)+c(x)\varphi(x)=\lambda_s\varphi(x),\ \
0<x<1,$$ supplemented by different boundary conditions. This problem is
relevant to nonlinear propagation phenomena in reaction-diffusion equations.
The main point is that the advection (or drift) term $m$ allows natural
degeneracy. For instance, $m$ could be constant on $[a,b]\subset[0,1]$.
Depending on the behavior of $m$ near the neighbourhood of the end points
$a,\,b$, the limiting value could be the principal eigenvalue of
$$-\varphi''(x)+c(x)\varphi(x)=\lambda\varphi(x),\ \ a<x<b,$$ coupled with
Dirichlet or Newmann boundary condition. A complete understanding of the
limiting behavior of the principal eigenvalue and its eigenfunction is
obtained, and new fundamental effects of large degenerate advection and
boundary conditions on the principal eigenvalue and the principal eigenfunction
are revealed. In one space dimension, the results in the existing literature
are substantially improved.


title:
Fast Chirplet Transform to Enhance CNN Machine Listening - Validation on
  Animal calls and Speech

abstract:
  The scattering framework offers an optimal hierarchical convolutional
decomposition according to its kernels. Convolutional Neural Net (CNN) can be
seen as an optimal kernel decomposition, nevertheless it requires large amount
of training data to learn its kernels. We propose a trade-off between these two
approaches: a Chirplet kernel as an efficient Q constant bioacoustic
representation to pretrain CNN. First we motivate Chirplet bioinspired auditory
representation. Second we give the first algorithm (and code) of a Fast
Chirplet Transform (FCT). Third, we demonstrate the computation efficiency of
FCT on large environmental data base: months of Orca recordings, and 1000 Birds
species from the LifeClef challenge. Fourth, we validate FCT on the vowels
subset of the Speech TIMIT dataset. The results show that FCT accelerates CNN
when it pretrains low level layers: it reduces training duration by -28\% for
birds classification, and by -26% for vowels classification. Scores are also
enhanced by FCT pretraining, with a relative gain of +7.8% of Mean Average
Precision on birds, and +2.3\% of vowel accuracy against raw audio CNN. We
conclude on perspectives on tonotopic FCT deep machine listening, and
inter-species bioacoustic transfer learning to generalise the representation of
animal communication systems.


title: Epidemic spreading and bond percolation in multilayer networks

abstract:
  The Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model is studied in multilayer
networks with arbitrary number of links across the layers. By following the
mapping to bond percolation we give the analytical expression for the epidemic
threshold and the fraction of the infected individuals in arbitrary number of
layers. These results provide an exact prediction of the epidemic threshold for
infinite locally tree-like multilayer networks, and an lower bound of the
epidemic threshold for more general multilayer networks. The case of a
multilayer network formed by two interconnected networks is specifically
studied as a function of the degree distribution within and across the layers.
We show that the epidemic threshold strongly depends on the degree correlations
of the multilayer structure. Finally we relate our results to the results
obtained in the annealed approximation for the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible
(SIS) model.

categories: q-bio.PE cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech physics.soc-ph


title:
Functional Alignment with Anatomical Networks is Associated with
  Cognitive Flexibility

abstract:
  Cognitive flexibility describes the human ability to switch between modes of
mental function to achieve goals. Mental switching is accompanied by transient
changes in brain activity, which must occur atop an anatomical architecture
that bridges disparate cortical and subcortical regions by underlying white
matter tracts. However, an integrated perspective regarding how white matter
networks might constrain brain dynamics during cognitive processes requiring
flexibility has remained elusive. To address this challenge, we applied
emerging tools from graph signal processing to decompose BOLD signals based on
diffusion imaging tractography in 28 individuals performing a perceptual task
that probed cognitive flexibility. We found that the alignment between
functional signals and the architecture of the underlying white matter network
was associated with greater cognitive flexibility across subjects. Signals with
behaviorally-relevant alignment were concentrated in the basal ganglia and
anterior cingulate cortex, consistent with cortico-striatal mechanisms of
cognitive flexibility. Importantly, these findings are not accessible to
unimodal analyses of functional or anatomical neuroimaging alone. Instead, by
taking a generalizable and concise reduction of multimodal neuroimaging data,
we uncover an integrated structure-function driver of human behavior.


title:
Deterministic Discrepancy Minimization via the Multiplicative Weight
  Update Method

abstract:
  A well-known theorem of Spencer shows that any set system with $n$ sets over
$n$ elements admits a coloring of discrepancy $O(\sqrt{n})$. While the original
proof was non-constructive, recent progress brought polynomial time algorithms
by Bansal, Lovett and Meka, and Rothvoss. All those algorithms are randomized,
even though Bansal's algorithm admitted a complicated derandomization.
  We propose an elegant deterministic polynomial time algorithm that is
inspired by Lovett-Meka as well as the Multiplicative Weight Update method. The
algorithm iteratively updates a fractional coloring while controlling the
exponential weights that are assigned to the set constraints.
  A conjecture by Meka suggests that Spencer's bound can be generalized to
symmetric matrices. We prove that $n \times n$ matrices that are block diagonal
with block size $q$ admit a coloring of discrepancy $O(\sqrt{n} \cdot
\sqrt{\log(q)})$.
  Bansal, Dadush and Garg recently gave a randomized algorithm to find a vector
$x$ with entries in $\lbrace{-1,1\rbrace}$ with $\|Ax\|_{\infty} \leq
O(\sqrt{\log n})$ in polynomial time, where $A$ is any matrix whose columns
have length at most 1. We show that our method can be used to deterministically
obtain such a vector.


title:
Midgap states and band gap modification in defective graphene/h-BN
  heterostructures

abstract:
  The role of defects in van der Waals heterostructures made of graphene and
hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is studied by a combination of ab initio and
model calculations. Despite the weak van der Waals interaction between layers,
defects residing in h-BN, such as carbon impurities and antisite defects,
reveal a hybridization with graphene p$_{\rm z}$ states, leading to midgap
state formation. The induced midgap states modify the transport properties of
graphene and can be reproduced by means of a simple effective tight-binding
model. In contrast to carbon defects, it is found that oxygen defects do not
strongly hybridize with graphene's low-energy states. Instead, oxygen
drastically modifies the band gap of graphene, which emerges in a commensurate
stacking on h-BN lattices.


title: What Can Be Predicted from Six Seconds of Driver Glances?

abstract:
  We consider a large dataset of real-world, on-road driving from a 100-car
naturalistic study to explore the predictive power of driver glances and,
specifically, to answer the following question: what can be predicted about the
state of the driver and the state of the driving environment from a 6-second
sequence of macro-glances? The context-based nature of such glances allows for
application of supervised learning to the problem of vision-based gaze
estimation, making it robust, accurate, and reliable in messy, real-world
conditions. So, it's valuable to ask whether such macro-glances can be used to
infer behavioral, environmental, and demographic variables? We analyze 27
binary classification problems based on these variables. The takeaway is that
glance can be used as part of a multi-sensor real-time system to predict
radio-tuning, fatigue state, failure to signal, talking, and several
environment variables.


title: Embeddings, immersions and the Bartnik quasi-local mass conjectures

abstract:
  Given a Riemannian 3-ball $(\bar B, g)$ of non-negative scalar curvature,
Bartnik conjectured that $(\bar B, g)$ admits an asymptotically flat (AF)
extension (without horizons) of the least possible ADM mass, and that such a
mass-minimizer is an AF solution to the static vacuum Einstein equations,
uniquely determined by natural geometric conditions on the boundary data of
$(\bar B, g)$.
  We prove the validity of the second statement, i.e.~such mass-minimizers, if
they exist, are indeed AF solutions of the static vacuum equations. On the
other hand, we prove that the first statement is not true in general; there is
a rather large class of bodies $(\bar B, g)$ for which a minimal mass extension
does not exist.


title:
L$^p$-Solutions of a Nonlinear Third Order Differential Equation and
  Asymptotic Behavior of Linear Fourth Order Differential Equations

abstract:
  In this paper we prove the well-posedness and we study the asymptotic
behavior of nonoscillatory $L^p$-solutions for a third order nonlinear scalar
differential equation. The equation consists of two parts: a linear third order
with constant coefficients part and a nonlinear part represented by a
polynomial of fourth order in three variables with variable coefficients. The
results are obtained assuming three hypotheses: (i) the characteristic
polynomial associated with the linear part has simple and real roots, (ii) the
coefficients of the polynomial satisfy asymptotic integral smallness
conditions, and (iii) the polynomial coefficients are in $L^p([t_0,\infty[)$.
These results are applied to study a fourth order linear differential equation
of Poincar\'e type and a fourth order linear differential equation with
unbounded coefficients. Moreover, we give some examples where the classical
theorems can not be applied.


title: Number Balancing is as hard as Minkowski's Theorem and Shortest Vector

abstract:
  The number balancing (NBP) problem is the following: given real numbers
$a_1,\ldots,a_n \in [0,1]$, find two disjoint subsets $I_1,I_2 \subseteq [n]$
so that the difference $|\sum_{i \in I_1}a_i - \sum_{i \in I_2}a_i|$ of their
sums is minimized. An application of the pigeonhole principle shows that there
is always a solution where the difference is at most $O(\frac{\sqrt{n}}{2^n})$.
Finding the minimum, however, is NP-hard. In polynomial time,the differencing
algorithm by Karmarkar and Karp from 1982 can produce a solution with
difference at most $n^{-\Theta(\log n)}$, but no further improvement has been
made since then.
  In this paper, we show a relationship between NBP and Minkowski's Theorem.
First we show that an approximate oracle for Minkowski's Theorem gives an
approximate NBP oracle. Perhaps more surprisingly, we show that an approximate
NBP oracle gives an approximate Minkowski oracle. In particular, we prove that
any polynomial time algorithm that guarantees a solution of difference at most
$2^{\sqrt{n}} / 2^{n}$ would give a polynomial approximation for Minkowski as
well as a polynomial factor approximation algorithm for the Shortest Vector
Problem.


title:
Variational inequality approach to enforce the non-negative constraint
  for advection-diffusion equations

abstract:
  Predictive simulations are crucial for the success of many subsurface
applications, and it is highly desirable to obtain accurate non-negative
solutions for transport equations in these numerical simulations. In this
paper, we propose a computational framework based on the variational inequality
(VI) which can also be used to enforce important mathematical properties (e.g.,
maximum principles) and physical constraints (e.g., the non-negative
constraint). We demonstrate that this framework is not only applicable to
diffusion equations but also to non-symmetric advection-diffusion equations. An
attractive feature of the proposed framework is that it works with with any
weak formulation for the advection-diffusion equations, including single-field
formulations, which are computationally attractive. A particular emphasis is
placed on the parallel and algorithmic performance of the VI approach across
large-scale and heterogeneous problems. It is also shown that QP and VI are
equivalent under certain conditions. State-of-the-art QP and VI solvers
available from the PETSc library are used on a variety of steady-state 2D and
3D benchmarks, and a comparative study on the scalability between the QP and VI
solvers is presented. We then extend the proposed framework to transient
problems by simulating the miscible displacement of fluids in a heterogeneous
porous medium and illustrate the importance of enforcing maximum principles for
these types of coupled problems. Our numerical experiments indicate that VIs
are indeed a viable approach for enforcing the maximum principles and the
non-negative constraint in a large-scale computing environment. Also provided
are Firedrake project files as well as a discussion on the computer
implementation to help facilitate readers in understanding the proposed
framework.


title: Open-closed modular operads, Cardy condition and string field theory

abstract:
  We prove that the modular operad of diffeomorphism classes of Riemann
surfaces with both `open' and `closed' boundary components, in the sense of
string field theory, is the modular completion of its genus 0 part quotiented
by the Cardy condition. We also provide a finitary presentation of a version of
this modular two-colored operad and characterize its algebras via morphisms of
Frobenius algebras, recovering some previously known results of Kaufmann,
Penner and others. As an important auxiliary tool we characterize inclusions of
cyclic operads that induce inclusions of their modular completions.


title: Stegosaurus chirality

abstract:
  We explain that Stegosaurus exhibited exterior chirality and observe that the
largest plate in particular of USNM 4394, USNM 4714, DMNS 2818 and NHMUK R36730
appears to have tilted to the right rather than to the left in each case.
Several instances in which Stegosaurus specimens have been confused with their
distinct, hypothetical mirror-image forms are highlighted. We believe our
findings to be consistent with the hypothesis that Stegosaurus's plates acted
primarily as display structures. A collection of more than one Stegosaurus
might be referred to henceforth as a 'handful' of Stegosaurus.


title:
Ergodicity and Accuracy of Optimal Particle Filters for Bayesian Data
  Assimilation

abstract:
  For particle filters and ensemble Kalman filters it is of practical
importance to understand how and why data assimilation methods can be effective
when used with a fixed small number of particles, since for many large-scale
applications it is not practical to deploy algorithms close to the large
particle limit asymptotic. In this paper we address this question for particle
filters and, in particular, study their accuracy (in the small noise limit) and
ergodicity (for noisy signal and observation) without appealing to the large
particle number limit. We first overview the accuracy and minorization
properties for the true filtering distribution, working in the setting of
conditional Gaussianity for the dynamics-observation model. We then show that
these properties are inherited by optimal particle filters for any fixed number
of particles, and use the minorization to establish ergodicity of the filters.
For completeness we also prove large particle number consistency results for
the optimal particle filters, by writing the update equations for the
underlying distributions as recursions. In addition to looking at the optimal
particle filter with standard resampling, we derive all the above results for
(what we term) the Gaussianized optimal particle filter and show that the
theoretical properties are favorable for this method, when compared to the
standard optimal particle filter.


title:
First order reversal curves and intrinsic parameter determination for
  magnetic materials; limitations of hysteron-based approaches in correlated
  systems

abstract:
  The generic problem of extracting information on intrinsic particle
properties from the whole class of interacting magnetic fine particle systems
is a long standing and difficult inverse problem. As an example, the Switching
Field Distribution (SFD) is an important quantity in the characterization of
magnetic systems, and its determination in many technological applications,
such as recording media, is especially challenging. Techniques such as the
first order reversal curve (FORC) methods, were developed to extract the SFD
from macroscopic measurements. However, all methods rely on separating the
contributions to the measurements of the intrinsic SFD and the extrinsic
effects of magnetostatic and exchange interactions. We investigate the
underlying physics of the FORC method by applying it to the output predictions
of a kinetic Monte-Carlo model with known input parameters. We show that the
FORC method is valid only in cases of weak spatial correlation of the
magnetization and suggest a more general approach.


title:
Higher-order rational solitons and rogue-like wave solutions of the
  (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear fluid mechanics equations

abstract:
  The novel generalized perturbation (n, M)-fold Darboux transformations (DTs)
are reported for the (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation and
its extension by using the Taylor expansion of the Darboux matrix. The
generalized perturbation (1, N-1)-fold DTs are used to find their higher-order
rational solitons and rogue wave solutions in terms of determinants. The
dynamics behaviors of these rogue waves are discussed in detail for different
parameters and time, which display the interesting RW and soliton structures
including the triangle, pentagon, heptagon profiles, etc. Moreover, we find
that a new phenomenon that the parameter (a) can control the wave structures of
the KP equation from the higher-order rogue waves (a>0 or a<0) into
higher-order rational solitons (a = 0) in (x, t)-space with y=const. These
results may predict the corresponding dynamical phenomena in the models of
fluid mechanics and other physically relevant systems.


title: Subsystem ETH

abstract:
  Motivated by the qualitative picture of Canonical Typicality, we propose a
refined formulation of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) for
chaotic quantum systems. The new formulation, which we refer to as subsystem
ETH, is in terms of the reduced density matrix of subsystems. This strong form
of ETH outlines the set of observables defined within the subsystem for which
it guarantees eigenstate thermalization. We discuss the limits when the size of
the subsystem is small or comparable to its complement. In the latter case we
outline the way to calculate the leading volume-proportional contribution to
the von Neumann and Renyi entanglment entropies. Finally, we provide numerical
evidence for the proposal in the case of a one-dimensional Ising spin-chain.


title:
Fill it up: Exploiting partial dependency annotations in a minimum
  spanning tree parser

abstract:
  Unsupervised models of dependency parsing typically require large amounts of
clean, unlabeled data plus gold-standard part-of-speech tags. Adding indirect
supervision (e.g. language universals and rules) can help, but we show that
obtaining small amounts of direct supervision - here, partial dependency
annotations - provides a strong balance between zero and full supervision. We
adapt the unsupervised ConvexMST dependency parser to learn from partial
dependencies expressed in the Graph Fragment Language. With less than 24 hours
of total annotation, we obtain 7% and 17% absolute improvement in unlabeled
dependency scores for English and Spanish, respectively, compared to the same
parser using only universal grammar constraints.