title:
Ultrafast single-nanowire multi-terahertz spectroscopy with sub-cycle
  temporal resolution

abstract:
  Phase-locked ultrashort pulses in the rich terahertz (THz) spectral range
have provided key insights into phenomena as diverse as quantum confinement,
first-order phase transitions, high-temperature superconductivity, and carrier
transport in nanomaterials. Ultrabroadband electro-optic sampling of few-cycle
field transients can even reveal novel dynamics that occur faster than a single
oscillation cycle of light. However, conventional THz spectroscopy is
intrinsically restricted to ensemble measurements by the diffraction limit. As
a result, it measures dielectric functions averaged over the size, structure,
orientation and density of nanoparticles, nanocrystals or nanodomains. Here, we
extend ultrabroadband time-resolved THz spectroscopy (20 - 50 THz) to the
sub-nanoparticle scale (10 nm) by combining sub-cycle, field-resolved detection
(10 fs) with scattering-type near-field scanning optical microscopy (s-NSOM).
We trace the time-dependent dielectric function at the surface of a single
photoexcited InAs nanowire in all three spatial dimensions and reveal the
ultrafast ($<$50 fs) formation of a local carrier depletion layer.


title:
Gravitational radiation from neutron stars deformed by crustal Hall
  drift

abstract:
  A precondition for the radio emission of pulsars is the existence of strong,
small-scale magnetic field structures (`magnetic spots') in the polar cap
region. Their creation can proceed via crustal Hall drift out of two
qualitatively and quantitatively different initial magnetic field
configurations: a field confined completely to the crust and another which
penetrates the whole star. The aim of this study is to explore whether these
magnetic structures in the crust can deform the star sufficiently to make it an
observable source of gravitational waves. We model the evolution of these field
configurations, which can develop, within $\sim 10^4$ -- $10^5$ yr, magnetic
spots with local surface field strengths $\sim 10^{14}$ G maintained over
$\gtrsim 10^6$ yr. Deformations caused by the magnetic forces are calculated.
We show that, under favourable initial conditions, a star undergoing crustal
Hall drift can have ellipticity $\epsilon\sim 10^{-6}$, even with sub-magnetar
polar field strengths, after $\sim 10^5$ yr. A pulsar rotating at $\sim 10^2$
Hz with such $\epsilon$ is a promising gravitational-wave source candidate.
Since such large deformations can be caused only by a particular magnetic field
configuration that penetrates the whole star and whose maximum magnetic energy
is concentrated in the outer core region, gravitational wave emission observed
from radio pulsars can thus inform us about the internal field structures of
young neutron stars.


title: Ultrafast mid-infrared nanoscopy of strained vanadium dioxide nanobeams

abstract:
  Long regarded as a model system for studying insulator-to-metal phase
transitions, the correlated electron material vanadium dioxide (VO$_2$) is now
finding novel uses in device applications. Two of its most appealing aspects
are its accessible transition temperature ($\sim$341 K) and its rich phase
diagram. Strain can be used to selectively stabilize different VO$_2$
insulating phases by tuning the competition between electron and lattice
degrees of freedom. It can even break the mesoscopic spatial symmetry of the
transition, leading to a quasi-periodic ordering of insulating and metallic
nanodomains. Nanostructuring of strained VO$_2$ could potentially yield unique
components for future devices. However, the most spectacular property of VO$_2$
- its ultrafast transition - has not yet been studied on the length scale of
its phase heterogeneity. Here, we use ultrafast near-field microscopy in the
mid-infrared to study individual, strained VO$_2$ nanobeams on the 10 nm scale.
We reveal a previously unseen correlation between the local steady-state
switching susceptibility and the local ultrafast response to below-threshold
photoexcitation. These results suggest that it may be possible to tailor the
local photo-response of VO$_2$ using strain and thereby realize new types of
ultrafast nano-optical devices.


title:
Nodal Sets of Smooth Functions with Finite Vanishing Order and
  p-Sweepouts

abstract:
  We show that on a compact Riemmanian manifold $(M,g)$, nodal sets of linear
combinations of any $p+1$ smooth functions form an admissible $p-$sweepout
provided these linear combinations have uniformly bounded vanishing order. This
applies in particular to finite linear combinations of Laplace eigenfunctions.
As a result, we obtain a new proof of the Gromov, Guth, Marques--Neves upper
bounds on the min-max $p$-widths of $M.$ We also prove that close to a point at
which a smooth function on $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ vanishes to order $k$, its nodal
set is contained in the union of $k$ $W^{1,p}$ graphs for some $p > 1$. This
implies that the nodal set is locally countably $n$-rectifiable and has locally
finite $\mathcal{H}^n$ measure, facts which also follow from a previous result
of B\"{a}r. Finally, we prove the continuity of the Hausdorff measure of nodal
sets under heat flow.


title:
Cumulative production of pions by heavy baryonic resonances in
  proton-nucleus collisions

abstract:
  Pion production in proton-nucleus (p+A) collisions outside the kinematical
boundary of proton-nucleon (p+N) reactions, the so-called cumulative effect, is
studied. Restrictions from energy-momentum conservation on the energy of pions
emitted in the backward direction in the target rest frame are analyzed. It is
assumed that the cumulative pions are produced in p+A reactions by heavy
baryonic resonances. The baryonic resonances are first created in p+N
reactions. Due to successive collisions with nuclear nucleons the masses of
these resonances may then increase and, simultaneously, their longitudinal
velocities decrease. We also use the Ultra relativistic Quantum Molecular
Dynamics model to reveal the key role of successive collisions of baryonic
resonances with nuclear nucleons for cumulative pion production in p+A
reactions. Further experimental studies of cumulative hadron production in p+A
reactions at high collision energies are needed to search for heavy hadron-like
objects and investigate their properties.


title:
The boiling Twente Taylor-Couette (BTTC) facility: Temperature
  controlled turbulent flow between independently rotating, coaxial cylinders

abstract:
  A new Taylor-Couette system has been designed and constructed with precise
temperature control. Two concentric independently rotating cylinders are able
to rotate at maximum rates of $f_i = \pm20$ Hz for the inner cylinder and $f_o
= \pm10$ Hz for the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder has an outside radius of
$r_i = 75$ mm, and the outer cylinder has an inside radius of $r_o = 105$ mm,
resulting in a gap of $d=30$ mm. The height of the gap $L =549$ mm, giving a
volume of $V=9.3$l. The geometric parameters are $\eta = r_i/r_o = 0.714$ and
$\Gamma = L/d = 18.3$. With water as working fluid at room temperature the
Reynolds numbers that can be achieved are $\text{Re}_i = \omega_i r_i
(r_o-r_i)/\nu = 2.8 \times 10^5$ and $\text{Re}_o = \omega_o r_o (r_o-r_i)/\nu
= 2 \times 10^5$, or a combined Reynolds number of up to $\text{Re} = (\omega_i
r_i -\omega_o r_o)(r_o-r_i)/\nu = 4.8 \times 10^5$. If the working fluid is
changed to the fluorinated liquid FC-3284 with kinematic viscosity 0.42 cSt,
the combined Reynolds number can reach $\text{Re} = 1.1 \times 10^6$. The
apparatus features precise temperature control of the outer and inner cylinder
separately, and is fully optically accessible from the side and top. The new
facility offers the possibility to accurately study the process of boiling
inside a turbulent flow and its effect on the flow.


title:
Azimuthal Asymmetry and Ratio $R= F_L / F_T$ as Probes of the Charm
  Content of the Proton

abstract:
  We study two experimental ways to measure the heavy-quark content of the
proton: using the Callan-Gross ratio $R(x,Q^2)=F_L/F_T$ and/or azimuthal
$\cos(2\varphi)$ asymmetry in deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering. Our
approach is based on the perturbative stability of the QCD predictions for
these two quantities. We resume the mass logarithms of the type
$\alpha_{s}\ln\left( Q^{2}/m^{2}\right)$ and conclude that heavy-quark
densities in the nucleon can, in principle, be determined from data on the
Callan-Gross ratio and/or azimuthal asymmetry. In particular, the charm content
of the proton can be measured in future studies at the proposed Large
Hadron-Electron (LHeC) and Electron-Ion (EIC) Colliders.


title: Magnetic Tetrastability in a Spin Chain

abstract:
  Bistability in magnetism has been extensively used, in particular to store
information. Here we propose an alternative route by using tetrastable magnetic
domains. Using numerical and analytical calculations we show that a spin chain
with a canting angle of {\pi}/4 possesses four energy-equivalent states. We
discuss the static properties of such chain such as the profile and the energy
of the domain walls as they govern the relaxation of the magnetization. The
realisation of such spin chain could enable the encoding of the information on
four bits which is a potential alternative toward the increase of storage
density.


title:
Convergence of Economic Growth and the Great Recession as Seen From a
  Celestial Observatory

abstract:
  Macroeconomic theories of growth and wealth distribution have an outsized
influence on national and international social and economic policies. Yet, due
to a relative lack of reliable, system wide data, many such theories remain, at
best, unvalidated and, at worst, misleading. In this paper, we introduce a
novel economic observatory and framework enabling high resolution comparisons
and assessments of the distributional impact of economic development through
the remote sensing of planet earth's surface. Striking visual and empirical
validation is observed for a broad, global macroeconomic sigma-convergence in
the period immediately following the end of the Cold War. What is more, we
observe strong empirical evidence that the mechanisms driving sigma-convergence
failed immediately after the financial crisis and the start of the Great
Recession. Nevertheless, analysis of both cross-country and cross-state samples
indicates that, globally, disproportionately high growth levels and excessively
high decay levels have become rarer over time. We also see that urban areas,
especially concentrated within short distances of major capital cities were
more likely than rural or suburban areas to see relatively high growth in the
aftermath of the financial crisis. Observed changes in growth polarity can be
attributed plausibly to post-crisis government intervention and subsidy
policies introduced around the world. Overall, the data and techniques we
present here make economic evidence for the rise of China, the decline of U.S.
manufacturing, the euro crisis, the Arab Spring, and various, recent, Middle
East conflicts visually evident for the first time.


title: Thermal Interpretation of Infrared Dynamics in de Sitter

abstract:
  The infrared dynamics of a light, minimally coupled scalar field in de Sitter
spacetime with Ricci curvature $R=12H$, averaged over horizon sized regions of
physical volume $V_H=\frac{4\pi}{3}\left(\frac{1}{H}\right)^3$, can be
interpreted as Brownian motion in a medium with de Sitter temperature
$T_{DS}=\frac{\hbar H}{2\pi}$. We demonstrate this by directly deriving the
effective action of scalar field fluctuations with wavelengths larger than the
de Sitter curvature radius and generalizing Starobinsky's seminal results on
stochastic inflation. The effective action describes stochastic dynamics and
the fluctuating force drives the field to an equilibrium characterized by a
thermal Gibbs distribution at temperature $T_{DS}$ which corresponds to a de
Sitter invariant state. Hence, approach towards this state can be interpreted
as thermalization. We show that the stochastic kinetic energy of the
coarse-grained description corresponds to the norm of $\partial_\mu\phi$ and
takes a well defined value per horizon volume $\frac{1}{2}\langle
\left(\nabla\phi\right)^2\rangle = - \frac{1}{2}T_{DS}/V_H$. This approach
allows for the non-perturbative computation of the de Sitter invariant stress
energy tensor $\langle T_{\mu\nu} \rangle$ for an arbitrary scalar potential.


title: Simplifying triangulations

abstract:
  We give a new algorithm to simplify a given triangulation with respect to a
given curve. The simplification uses flips together with powers of Dehn twists
in order to complete in polynomial time in the bit-size of the curve.


title: Moving Beyond the Turing Test with the Allen AI Science Challenge

abstract:
  Given recent successes in AI (e.g., AlphaGo's victory against Lee Sedol in
the game of GO), it's become increasingly important to assess: how close are AI
systems to human-level intelligence? This paper describes the Allen AI Science
Challenge---an approach towards that goal which led to a unique Kaggle
Competition, its results, the lessons learned, and our next steps.


title: Quasi-stabilization and basepoint moving maps in link Floer homology

abstract:
  We analyze the effect of adding, removing, and moving basepoints on link
Floer homology. We prove that adding or removing basepoints via a procedure
called quasi-stabilization is a natural operation on a certain version of link
Floer homology, which we call $CFL_{UV}^\infty$. We consider the effect on the
full link Floer complex of moving basepoints, and develop a simple calculus for
moving basepoints on the link Floer complexes. We apply it to compute the
effect of several diffeomorphisms corresponding to moving basepoints. Using
these techniques we prove a conjecture of Sarkar about the map on the full link
Floer complex induced by a finger move along a link component.


title: The interaction of long and short waves in dispersive media

abstract:
  The KdV equation models the propagation of long waves in dispersive media,
while the NLS equation models the dynamics of narrow-bandwidth wave packets
consisting of short dispersive waves. A system that couples the two equations
to model the interaction of long and short waves seems attractive and such a
system has been studied over the last decades. We evaluate the validity of this
system, discussing two main problems. First, only the system coupling the
linear Schr\"odinger equation with KdV has been derived in the literature.
Second, the time variables appearing in the equations are of a different order.
It appears that in the manuscripts that study the coupled NLS-KdV system, an
assumption has been made that the coupled system can be derived, justifying its
mathematical study. In fact, this is true even for the papers where the
asymptotic derivation with the problems described above is presented. In
addition to discussing these inconsistencies, we present some alternative
systems describing the interaction of long and short waves.


title: Principal Sub-manifolds

abstract:
  We invent a novel method of finding principal components in multivariate data
sets that lie on an embedded nonlinear Riemannian manifold within a
higher-dimensional space. Our aim is to extend the geometric interpretation of
PCA, while being able to capture non-geodesic modes of variation in the data.
We introduce the concept of a principal sub-manifold, a manifold passing
through the center of the data, and at any point on the manifold extending in
the direction of highest variation in the space spanned by the eigenvectors of
the local tangent space PCA. Compared to recent work for the case where the
sub-manifold is of dimension one \citep{Panaretos2014}--essentially a curve
lying on the manifold attempting to capture one-dimensional variation--the
current setting is much more general. The principal sub-manifold is therefore
an extension of the principal flow, accommodating to capture higher dimensional
variation in the data. We show the principal sub-manifold yields the ball
spanned by the usual principal components in Euclidean space. By means of
examples, we illustrate how to find, use and interpret a principal sub-manifold
and we present an application in shape analysis.


title:
Optical phase estimation via coherent state and displaced photon
  counting

abstract:
  We consider the phase sensing via weak optical coherent state at quantum
limit precision. A new detection scheme for the phase estimation is proposed
which is inspired by the suboptimal quantum measurement in coherent optical
communication. We theoretically analyze a performance of our detection scheme,
which we call the displaced-photon counting, for phase sensing in terms of the
Fisher information and show that the displaced-photon counting outperforms the
static homodyne and heterodyne detections in wide range of the target phase.
The proof-of-principle experiment is performed with linear optics and a
superconducting nanowire single photon detector. The result shows that our
scheme overcomes the limit of the ideal homodyne measurement even under
practical imperfections.


title: A Dynamic Power Management Schema for Multi-Tier Data Centers

abstract:
  An issue of great concern as it relates to global warming is power
consumption and efficient use of computers especially in large data centers.
Data centers have an important role in IT infrastructures because of their huge
power consumption.


title:
Efficient Reduced-Rank DOA Estimation Algorithms Using Alternating
  Low-Rank Decompositions

abstract:
  In this work, we propose an alternating low-rank decomposition (ALRD)
approach and novel subspace algorithms for direction-of-arrival (DOA)
estimation. In the ALRD scheme, the decomposition matrix for rank reduction is
composed of a set of basis vectors. A low-rank auxiliary parameter vector is
then employed to compute the output power spectrum. Alternating optimization
strategies based on recursive least squares (RLS), denoted as ALRD-RLS and
modified ALRD-RLS (MARLD-RLS), are devised to compute the basis vectors and the
auxiliary parameter vector. Simulations for large sensor arrays with both
uncorrelated and correlated sources are presented, showing that the proposed
algorithms are superior to existing techniques.


title: Diversion Detection in Partially Observed Nuclear Fuel Cycle Networks

abstract:
  A nuclear fuel cycle contains several facilities with different purposes such
as mining, conversion, enrichment, and fuel rod fabrication. These facilities
form a network, which is naturally sparse in the number of connections (i.e.,
edges) since not every facility directly interacts with all the others. Given
the knowledge of a network baseline, we are interested in detecting anomalous
activities in this network, which may signal the diversion of nuclear
materials. Anomalies can take the form of a new or missing edge or abnormal
rates of interaction. However, often it is not possible to observe the entire
network traffic directly due to some constraints such as cost, physical
limitations, or laws. By treating the unobserved network traffic as latent
variables, we propose estimators for the true network traffic, including the
anomalous activity, to use in testing for significant deviations from the
baseline. We provide simulation results of a simple network of facilities and
show that our estimators have superior performance over existing alternatives.
Additionally, we establish that while a good estimate of the network traffic is
necessary, perfect reconstruction is not required to effectively detect
anomalous network activity. Instead it suffices to detect perturbations within
the network at an aggregate or global scale.


title: Vortex dynamics and shear layer instability in high intensity cyclotrons

abstract:
  We show that the space charge dynamics of high intensity beams in the plane
perpendicular to the magnetic field in cyclotrons is described by the
two-dimensional Euler equations for an incompressible fluid. This analogy with
fluid dynamics gives a unified and intuitive framework to explain the beam
spiraling and beam break up behavior observed in experiments and in
simulations. In particular, we demonstrate that beam break up is the result of
a classical instability occurring in fluids subject to a sheared flow. We give
scaling laws for the instability and predict the nonlinear evolution of beams
subject to it. Our work suggests that cyclotrons may be uniquely suited for the
experimental study of shear layers and vortex distributions that are not
achievable in Penning-Malmberg traps.


title:
Analysis Framework for the Prompt Discovery of Compact Binary Mergers in
  Gravitational-wave Data

abstract:
  We describe a stream-based analysis pipeline to detect gravitational waves
from the merger of binary neutron stars, binary black holes, and
neutron-star-black-hole binaries within ~ 1 minute of the arrival of the merger
signal at Earth. Such low-latency detection is crucial for the prompt response
by electromagnetic facilities in order to observe any fading electromagnetic
counterparts that might be produced by mergers involving at least one neutron
star. Even for systems expected not to produce counterparts, low-latency
analysis of the data is useful for deciding when not to point telescopes, and
as feedback to observatory operations. Analysts using this pipeline were the
first to identify GW151226, the second gravitational-wave event ever detected.
The pipeline also operates in an offline mode, in which it incorporates more
refined information about data quality and employs acausal methods that are
inapplicable to the online mode. The pipeline's offline mode was used in the
detection of the first two gravitational-wave events, GW150914 and GW151226, as
well as the identification of a third candidate, LVT151012.


title:
A Sparse and Low-Rank Optimization Framework for Index Coding via
  Riemannian Optimization

abstract:
  Side information provides a pivotal role for message delivery in many
communication scenarios to accommodate increasingly large data sets, e.g.,
caching networks. Although index coding provides a fundamental modeling
framework to exploit the benefits of side information, the index coding problem
itself still remains open and only a few instances have been solved. In this
paper, we propose a novel sparse and low- rank optimization modeling framework
for the index coding problem to characterize the tradeoff between the amount of
side information and the achievable data rate. Specifically, sparsity of the
model measures the amount of side information, while low- rankness represents
the achievable data rate. The resulting sparse and low-rank optimization
problem has non-convex sparsity inducing objective and non-convex rank
constraint. To address the coupled challenges in objective and constraint, we
propose a novel Riemannian optimization framework by exploiting the quotient
manifold geometry of fixed-rank matrices, accompanied by a smooth sparsity
inducing surrogate. Simulation results demonstrate the appealing sparsity and
low-rankness tradeoff in the proposed model, thereby revealing the tradeoff
between the amount of side information and the achievable data rate in the
index coding problem.


title: Improving the Robustness of Deep Neural Networks via Stability Training

abstract:
  In this paper we address the issue of output instability of deep neural
networks: small perturbations in the visual input can significantly distort the
feature embeddings and output of a neural network. Such instability affects
many deep architectures with state-of-the-art performance on a wide range of
computer vision tasks. We present a general stability training method to
stabilize deep networks against small input distortions that result from
various types of common image processing, such as compression, rescaling, and
cropping. We validate our method by stabilizing the state-of-the-art Inception
architecture against these types of distortions. In addition, we demonstrate
that our stabilized model gives robust state-of-the-art performance on
large-scale near-duplicate detection, similar-image ranking, and classification
on noisy datasets.


title: Invariant feature extraction from event based stimuli

abstract:
  We propose a novel architecture, the event-based GASSOM for learning and
extracting invariant representations from event streams originating from
neuromorphic vision sensors. The framework is inspired by feed-forward cortical
models for visual processing. The model, which is based on the concepts of
sparsity and temporal slowness, is able to learn feature extractors that
resemble neurons in the primary visual cortex. Layers of units in the proposed
model can be cascaded to learn feature extractors with different levels of
complexity and selectivity. We explore the applicability of the framework on
real world tasks by using the learned network for object recognition. The
proposed model achieve higher classification accuracy compared to other
state-of-the-art event based processing methods. Our results also demonstrate
the generality and robustness of the method, as the recognizers for different
data sets and different tasks all used the same set of learned feature
detectors, which were trained on data collected independently of the testing
data.


title: Nonlinear differential equation for Korobov numbers

abstract:
  In this paper, we present nonlinear differential equations for the generating
functions for the Korobov numbers and for the Frobenuius-Euler numbers. As an
application, we find an explicit expression for the nth derivative of 1/ log(1
+ t).


title:
Discovery potential of Higgs boson pair production through
  4$\ell$+$E\!\!/$ final states at a 100 TeV collider

abstract:
  We explore the discovery potential of Higgs pair production at a 100 TeV
collider via full leptonic mode. The same mode can be explored at the LHC when
Higgs pair production is enhanced by new physics. We examine two types of fully
leptonic final states and propose a partial reconstruction method. The
reconstruction method can reconstruct some kinematic observables. It is found
that the $m_{T2}$ variable determined by this reconstruction method and the
reconstructed visible Higgs mass are important and crucial to discriminate the
signal and background events. It is also noticed that a new variable, denoted
as $\Delta m$ which is defined as the mass difference of two possible
combinations, is very useful as a discriminant. We also investigate the
interplay between the direct measurements of $t\bar{t} h$ couplings and other
related couplings and trilinear Higgs coupling at hadron colliders and
electron-positron colliders.


title:
Theory of intraband plasmons in doped carbon nanotubes: rolled
  surface-plasmons of graphene

abstract:
  A single-wall carbon nanotube possesses two different types of plasmons
specified by the wavenumbers in the azimuthal and axial directions. The
azimuthal plasmon that is caused by interband transitions has been studied,
while the effect of charge doping is unknown. In this paper, we show that when
nanotubes are heavily doped, intraband transitions cause the azimuthal plasmons
to appear as a plasmon resonance in the near-infrared region of the absorption
spectra, which is absent for light doping due to the screening effect. The
axial plasmons that are inherent in the cylindrical waveguide structures of
nanotubes, account for the absorption peak of the metallic nanotube observed in
the terahertz region. The excitation of axial (azimuthal) plasmons requires a
linearly polarized light parallel (perpendicular) to the tube's axis.


title:
Single photon transfer controlled by excitation phase in a two-atom
  cavity system

abstract:
  We investigate the quantum interference effects of single photon transfer in
two-atom cavity system caused by external excitation phase. In the proposed
system, two identical atoms (with different positions in the optical cavity)
are firstly prepared into a timed state by an external single photon field.
During the excitation, the atoms grasp different phases which depend on the
spatial positions of the atoms in the cavity. Due to strong resonant
interaction between two atoms and optical cavity mode the absorbed input photon
can be efficiently transferred from the atoms to the resonant cavity mode. We
show that the quantum transfer is highly sensitive to the external excitation
phases of atoms and it leads to quantum interference effects on the cavity mode
excitation. Besides, the quantum transfer is also influenced by the
dipole-dipole interaction dependent to the atomic distance. In this system the
atomic positions also determine the coupling constants between atoms and cavity
mode which causes additional interference effects to the photon exchange
between atoms and cavity. Based on the characteristics of excitation phase we
find that it is a feasible scheme to generate long-lived dark state and it
could be useful for storage and manipulation of single photon fields by
controlling the excitation phase.


title:
GAMA/WiggleZ: The 1.4GHz radio luminosity functions of high- and
  low-excitation radio galaxies and their redshift evolution to z=0.75

abstract:
  We present radio Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) luminosity functions over the
redshift range 0.005 < z < 0.75. The sample from which the luminosity functions
are constructed is an optical spectroscopic survey of radio galaxies,
identified from matched Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm survey
(FIRST) sources and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) images.The radio AGN are
separated into Low Excitation Radio Galaxies (LERGs) and High Excitation Radio
Galaxies (HERGs) using the optical spectra. We derive radio luminosity
functions for LERGs and HERGs separately in the three redshift bins (0.005 < z
< 0.3, 0.3 < z < 0.5 and 0.5 < z <0.75). The radio luminosity functions can be
well described by a double power-law. Assuming this double power-law shape the
LERG population displays little or no evolution over this redshift range
evolving as ~$(1+z)^{0.06}$ assuming pure density evolution or ~ $(1+z)^{0.46}$
assuming pure luminosity evolution. In contrast, the HERG population evolves
more rapidly, best fitted by ~$(1+z)^{2.93}$ assuming a double power-law shape
and pure density evolution. If a pure luminosity model is assumed the best
fitting HERG evolution is parameterised by ~$(1+z)^{7.41}$. The characteristic
break in the radio luminosity function occurs at a significantly higher power
(~1 dex) for the HERG population in comparison to the LERGs. This is consistent
with the two populations representing fundamentally different accretion modes.


title: Latent Model Ensemble with Auto-localization

abstract:
  Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have exhibited superior performance
in many visual recognition tasks including image classification, object
detection, and scene label- ing, due to their large learning capacity and
resistance to overfit. For the image classification task, most of the current
deep CNN- based approaches take the whole size-normalized image as input and
have achieved quite promising results. Compared with the previously dominating
approaches based on feature extraction, pooling, and classification, the deep
CNN-based approaches mainly rely on the learning capability of deep CNN to
achieve superior results: the burden of minimizing intra-class variation while
maximizing inter-class difference is entirely dependent on the implicit feature
learning component of deep CNN; we rely upon the implicitly learned filters and
pooling component to select the discriminative regions, which correspond to the
activated neurons. However, if the irrelevant regions constitute a large
portion of the image of interest, the classification performance of the deep
CNN, which takes the whole image as input, can be heavily affected. To solve
this issue, we propose a novel latent CNN framework, which treats the most
discriminate region as a latent variable. We can jointly learn the global CNN
with the latent CNN to avoid the aforementioned big irrelevant region issue,
and our experimental results show the evident advantage of the proposed latent
CNN over traditional deep CNN: latent CNN outperforms the state-of-the-art
performance of deep CNN on standard benchmark datasets including the CIFAR-10,
CIFAR- 100, MNIST and PASCAL VOC 2007 Classification dataset.


title:
Recognition of facial expressions based on salient geometric features
  and support vector machines

abstract:
  Facial expressions convey nonverbal cues which play an important role in
interpersonal relations, and are widely used in behavior interpretation of
emotions, cognitive science, and social interactions. In this paper we analyze
different ways of representing geometric feature and present a fully automatic
facial expression recognition (FER) system using salient geometric features. In
geometric feature-based FER approach, the first important step is to initialize
and track dense set of facial points as the expression evolves over time in
consecutive frames. In the proposed system, facial points are initialized using
elastic bunch graph matching (EBGM) algorithm and tracking is performed using
Kanade-Lucas-Tomaci (KLT) tracker. We extract geometric features from point,
line and triangle composed of tracking results of facial points. The most
discriminative line and triangle features are extracted using feature selective
multi-class AdaBoost with the help of extreme learning machine (ELM)
classification. Finally the geometric features for FER are extracted from the
boosted line, and triangles composed of facial points. The recognition accuracy
using features from point, line and triangle are analyzed independently. The
performance of the proposed FER system is evaluated on three different data
sets: namely CK+, MMI and MUG facial expression data sets.


title:
Evidence for two Lognormal States in Multi-wavelength Flux Variation of
  FSRQ PKS 1510-089

abstract:
  We present a systematic characterization of multi-wavelength emission from
blazar PKS 1510-089 using well-sampled data at infrared(IR)-optical, X-ray and
$\gamma$-ray energies. The resulting flux distributions, except at X-rays, show
two distinct lognormal profiles corresponding to a high and a low flux level.
The dispersions exhibit energy dependent behavior except for the LAT
$\gamma$-ray and optical B-band. During the low level flux states, it is higher
towards the peak of the spectral energy distribution, with $\gamma$-ray being
intrinsically more variable followed by IR and then optical, consistent with
mainly being a result of varying bulk Lorentz factor. On the other hand, the
dispersions during the high state are similar in all bands expect optical
B-band, where thermal emission still dominates. The centers of distributions
are a factor of $\sim 4$ apart, consistent with anticipation from studies of
extragalactic $\gamma$-ray background with the high state showing a relatively
harder mean spectral index compared to the low state.


title:
$\phi$-meson production at forward/backward rapidity in high-energy
  nuclear collisions from a multiphase transport model

abstract:
  Within the framework of a multiphase transport model (AMPT), the $\phi$-meson
production is studied in d+Au collisions at \srt = {200} GeV in the forward
(d-going, $1.2<y<2.2$) and backward (Au-going, $-2.2<y<-1.2$) direction. The
AMPT model with string melting version (parton cascade turning-on) describes
the experimental data well, while the pure hadronic transport scenario of the
AMPT model underestimates the $\phi$-meson production rate in comparison with
the data. Detailed investigations including the rapidity, transverse momentum
and collision system size dependencies of $\phi$-meson nuclear modification
factor indicate that a combination of the initial state effect and a follow-up
parton cascade is required in the AMPT model to describe the data. Similar
calculations are also present in p+Pb collisions at \srt = {5.02} TeV and p+p
collisions at \srt = {2.76} TeV. The findings from a comparison of AMPT model
study with the data are consistent with that at RHIC energy.


title:
Facial expression recognition based on local region specific features
  and support vector machines

abstract:
  Facial expressions are one of the most powerful, natural and immediate means
for human being to communicate their emotions and intensions. Recognition of
facial expression has many applications including human-computer interaction,
cognitive science, human emotion analysis, personality development etc. In this
paper, we propose a new method for the recognition of facial expressions from
single image frame that uses combination of appearance and geometric features
with support vector machines classification. In general, appearance features
for the recognition of facial expressions are computed by dividing face region
into regular grid (holistic representation). But, in this paper we extracted
region specific appearance features by dividing the whole face region into
domain specific local regions. Geometric features are also extracted from
corresponding domain specific regions. In addition, important local regions are
determined by using incremental search approach which results in the reduction
of feature dimension and improvement in recognition accuracy. The results of
facial expressions recognition using features from domain specific regions are
also compared with the results obtained using holistic representation. The
performance of the proposed facial expression recognition system has been
validated on publicly available extended Cohn-Kanade (CK+) facial expression
data sets.


title: A simple proof of tail--polynomial bounds on the diameter of polyhedra

abstract:
  Let $\Delta(d,n)$ denote the maximum diameter of a $d$-dimensional polyhedron
with $n$ facets. In this paper, we propose a unified analysis of a recursive
inequality about $\Delta(d,n)$ established by Kalai and Kleitman in 1992. This
yields much simpler proofs of a tail--polynomial and tail--almost--linear
bounds on $\Delta(d,n)$ which are recently discussed by Gallagher and Kim.


title:
High-performance Semantic Segmentation Using Very Deep Fully
  Convolutional Networks

abstract:
  We propose a method for high-performance semantic image segmentation (or
semantic pixel labelling) based on very deep residual networks, which achieves
the state-of-the-art performance. A few design factors are carefully considered
to this end.
  We make the following contributions. (i) First, we evaluate different
variations of a fully convolutional residual network so as to find the best
configuration, including the number of layers, the resolution of feature maps,
and the size of field-of-view. Our experiments show that further enlarging the
field-of-view and increasing the resolution of feature maps are typically
beneficial, which however inevitably leads to a higher demand for GPU memories.
To walk around the limitation, we propose a new method to simulate a high
resolution network with a low resolution network, which can be applied during
training and/or testing. (ii) Second, we propose an online bootstrapping method
for training. We demonstrate that online bootstrapping is critically important
for achieving good accuracy. (iii) Third we apply the traditional dropout to
some of the residual blocks, which further improves the performance. (iv)
Finally, our method achieves the currently best mean intersection-over-union
78.3\% on the PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset, as well as on the recent dataset
Cityscapes.


title: A parallel repetition theorem for all entangled games

abstract:
  The behavior of games repeated in parallel, when played with quantumly
entangled players, has received much attention in recent years. Quantum
analogues of Raz's classical parallel repetition theorem have been proved for
many special classes of games. However, for general entangled games no parallel
repetition theorem was known. We prove that the entangled value of a two-player
game $G$ repeated $n$ times in parallel is at most $c_G n^{-1/4} \log n$ for a
constant $c_G$ depending on $G$, provided that the entangled value of $G$ is
less than 1. In particular, this gives the first proof that the entangled value
of a parallel repeated game must converge to 0 for all games whose entangled
value is less than 1. Central to our proof is a combination of both classical
and quantum correlated sampling.


title:
Effective equidistribution of translates of maximal horospherical
  measures in the space of lattices

abstract:
  Recently Mohammadi and Salehi-Golsefidy gave necessary and sufficient
conditions under which certain translates of homogeneous measures converge, and
they determined the limiting measures in the cases of convergence. The class of
measures they considered includes the maximal horospherical measures. In this
paper we prove the corresponding effective equidistribution results in the
space of unimodular lattices. We also prove the corresponding results for
probability measures with absolutely continuous densities in rank two and
three. Then we address the problem of determining the error terms in two
counting problems also considered by Mohammadi and Salehi-Golsefidy. In the
first problem, we determine an error term for counting the number of lifts of a
closed horosphere from an irreducible, finite-volume quotient of the space of
positive definite $n\times n$ matrices of determinant one that intersect a ball
with large radius. In the second problem, we determine a logarithmic error term
for the Manin conjecture of a flag variety over $\mathbb{Q}$.


title:
The Boltzmann equation with specular boundary condition in convex
  domains

abstract:
  We establish the global-wellposedness and stability of the Boltzmann equation
with the specular reflection boundary condition in general smooth convex
domains when an initial datum is close to the Maxwellian with or without a
small external potential. In particular, we have completely solved the long
standing open problem after an announcement of [20] in 1977.


title:
A Generalized Fundamental Matrix for Computing Fundamental Quantities of
  Markov Systems

abstract:
  As is well known, the fundamental matrix $(I - P + e \pi)^{-1}$ plays an
important role in the performance analysis of Markov systems, where $P$ is the
transition probability matrix, $e$ is the column vector of ones, and $\pi$ is
the row vector of the steady state distribution. It is used to compute the
performance potential (relative value function) of Markov decision processes
under the average criterion, such as $g=(I - P + e \pi)^{-1} f$ where $g$ is
the column vector of performance potentials and $f$ is the column vector of
reward functions. However, we need to pre-compute $\pi$ before we can compute
$(I - P + e \pi)^{-1}$. In this paper, we derive a generalization version of
the fundamental matrix as $(I - P + e r)^{-1}$, where $r$ can be any given row
vector satisfying $r e \neq 0$. With this generalized fundamental matrix, we
can compute $g=(I - P + e r)^{-1} f$. The steady state distribution is computed
as $\pi = r(I - P + e r)^{-1}$. The Q-factors at every state-action pair can
also be computed in a similar way. These formulas may give some insights on
further understanding how to efficiently compute or estimate the values of $g$,
$\pi$, and Q-factors in Markov systems, which are fundamental quantities for
the performance optimization of Markov systems.


title:
Some Closed Classes of Three-Valued Logic Generated by Periodic
  Symmetric Functions

abstract:
  Closed classes of three-valued logic generated by periodic symmetric funtions
that equal $1$ in tuples from $\{1,2\}^n$ and equal $0$ on the rest tuples are
considered. Criteria for bases existence and finite bases existence for these
classes is obtained.


title: Theory of Driven Nonequilibrium Critical Phenomena

abstract:
  A system driven in the vicinity of its critical point by varying a relevant
field in an arbitrary function of time is a generic system that possesses a
long relaxation time compared with the driving time scale and thus represents a
large class of nonequilibrium systems. For such a manifestly nonlinear
nonequilibrium strongly fluctuating system, we show that there exists universal
nonequilibrium critical behavior that is well described incredibly by its
equilibrium critical properties. A dynamic renormalization-group theory is
developed to account for the behavior. The weak driving may give rise to
several time scales depending on its form and thus rich nonequilibrium
phenomena of various regimes and their crossovers, negative susceptibilities,
as well as violation of fluctuation-dissipation theorem. An initial condition
that can be in either equilibrium or nonequilibrium but has longer correlations
than the driving scales also results in a unique regime and complicates the
situation. Implication of the results on measurement is also discussed. The
theory may shed light on study of other nonequilibrium systems and even
nonlinear science.


title: An optically-thick disk wind in GRO J1655-40?

abstract:
  We revisited the unusual wind in GRO J1655-40 detected with Chandra in 2005
April, using long-term RXTE X-ray data and simultaneous optical/near-infrared
photometric data. This wind is the most convincing case for magnetic driving in
black hole binaries, as it has an inferred launch radius which is a factor of
10 smaller than the thermal wind prediction. However, the optical and
near-infrared fluxes monotonically increase around the Chandra observation,
whereas the X-ray flux monotonically decreases from 10 days beforehand. Yet the
optical and near-infrared fluxes are from the outer, irradiated disk, so for
them to increase implies that the X-rays likewise increased. We applied a new
irradiated disk model to the multi-wavelength spectral energy distributions
(SEDs). Fitting the optical and near-infrared fluxes, we estimated the
intrinsic luminosity at the Chandra epoch was > ~0.7 L_Edd, which is more than
one order of magnitude larger than the observed X-ray luminosity. These results
could be explained if a Compton-thick, almost completely ionized gas was
present in the wind and strong scattering reduced the apparent X-ray
luminosity. The effects of scattering in the wind should then be taken into
account for discussion of the wind-driving mechanism. Radiation pressure and
Compton heating may also contribute to powering the wind at this high
luminosity.


title:
Observation of non-Fermi liquid behavior in hole-doped
  LiFe$_{1-x}$V$_x$As

abstract:
  We synthesized a series of V-doped LiFe$_{1-x}$V$_x$As single crystals. The
superconducting transition temperature $T_c$ of LiFeAs decreases rapidly at a
rate of 7 K per 1\% V. The Hall coefficient of LiFeAs switches from negative to
positive with 4.2\% V doping, showing that V doping introduces hole carriers.
This observation is further confirmed by the evaluation of the Fermi surface
volume measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), from
which a 0.3 hole doping per V atom introduced is deduced. Interestingly, the
introduction of holes does not follow a rigid band shift. We also show that the
temperature evolution of the electrical resistivity as a function of doping is
consistent with a crossover from a Fermi liquid to a non-Fermi liquid. Our
ARPES data indicate that the non-Fermi liquid behavior is mostly enhanced when
one of the hole $d_{xz}/d_{yz}$ Fermi surfaces is well nested by the
antiferromagnetic wave vector to the inner electron Fermi surface pocket with
the $d_{xy}$ orbital character. The magnetic susceptibility of
LiFe$_{1-x}$V$_x$As suggests the presence of strong magnetic impurities
following V doping, thus providing a natural explanation to the rapid
suppression of superconductivity upon V doping.


title:
Positive Definite Estimation of Large Covariance Matrix Using
  Generalized Nonconvex Penalties

abstract:
  This work addresses the issue of large covariance matrix estimation in
high-dimensional statistical analysis. Recently, improved iterative algorithms
with positive-definite guarantee have been developed. However, these algorithms
cannot be directly extended to use a nonconvex penalty for sparsity inducing.
Generally, a nonconvex penalty has the capability of ameliorating the bias
problem of the popular convex lasso penalty, and thus is more advantageous. In
this work, we propose a class of positive-definite covariance estimators using
generalized nonconvex penalties. We develop a first-order algorithm based on
the alternating direction method framework to solve the nonconvex optimization
problem efficiently. The convergence of this algorithm has been proved.
Further, the statistical properties of the new estimators have been analyzed
for generalized nonconvex penalties. Moreover, extension of this algorithm to
covariance estimation from sketched measurements has been considered. The
performances of the new estimators have been demonstrated by both a simulation
study and a gene clustering example for tumor tissues. Code for the proposed
estimators is available at https://github.com/FWen/Nonconvex-PDLCE.git.


title: Heavy quark potential with hyperscaling violation

abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate the behavior of the heavy quark potential in
the backgrounds with hyperscaling violation. The metrics are covariant under a
generalized Lifshitz scaling symmetry with the dynamical Lifshitz parameter $z$
and hyperscaling violation exponent $\theta$. We calculate the potential for a
certain range of $z$ and $\theta$ and discuss how it changes in the presence of
the two parameters. Moreover, we add a constant electric field to the
backgrounds and study its effects on the potential. It is shown that the heavy
quark potential depends on the non-relativistic parameters. Also, the presence
of the constant electric field tends to increase the potential.


title:
Target and Beam-Target Spin Asymmetries in Exclusive $\pi^+$ and $\pi^-$
  Electroproduction with 1.6 to 5.7 GeV Electrons

abstract:
  Beam-target double spin asymmetries and target single-spin asymmetries in
exclusive $\pi^+$ and $\pi^-$ electroproduction were obtained from scattering
of 1.6 to 5.7 GeV longitudinally polarized electrons from longitudinally
polarized protons (for $\pi^+$) and deuterons (for $\pi^-$) using the CEBAF
Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. The kinematic range
covered is $1.1<W<2.6$ GeV and $0.05<Q^2<5$ GeV$^2$, with good anglular
coverage in the forward hemisphere. The asymmetry results were divided into
approximately 40,000 kinematic bins for $\pi^+$ from free protons and 15,000
bins for $\pi^-$ production from bound nucleons in the deuteron. The present
results are found to be in reasonable agreement with fits to previous world
data for $W<1.7$ GeV and $Q^2<0.5$ GeV$^2$, with discrepancies increasing at
higher values of $Q^2$, especially for $W>1.5$ GeV. Very large target-spin
asymmetries are observed for $W>1.6$ GeV. When combined with cross section
measurements, the present results will provide powerful constraints on nucleon
resonance amplitudes at moderate and large values of $Q^2$, for resonances with
masses as high as 2.3 GeV.


title:
Construction of de Bruijn Sequences from Product of Two Irreducible
  Polynomials

abstract:
  We study a class of Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs) with
characteristic polynomial $f(x)=p(x)q(x)$ where $p(x)$ and $q(x)$ are distinct
irreducible polynomials in $\F_2[x]$. Important properties of the LFSRs, such
as the cycle structure and the adjacency graph, are derived. A method to
determine a state belonging to each cycle and a generic algorithm to find all
conjugate pairs shared by any pair of cycles are given. The process explicitly
determines the edges and their labels in the adjacency graph. The results are
then combined with the cycle joining method to efficiently construct a new
class of de Bruijn sequences. An estimate of the number of resulting sequences
is given. In some cases, using cyclotomic numbers, we can determine the number
exactly.


title: Charged Q-ball Dark Matter from $B$ and $L$ direction

abstract:
  We consider nearly equal number of gauge mediation type charged (anti-)
Q-balls with charge of $\alpha^{-1}\simeq137$ well before the BBN epoch and
discussed how they evolve in time. We found that ion-like objects with electric
charges of $+O(1)$ are likely to become relics in the present universe, which
we expect to be the dark matter. These are constrained by MICA experiment,
where the trail of heavy atom-like or ion-like object in $10^9$ years old
ancient mica crystals is not observed. We found that the allowed region for
gauge mediation model parameter and reheating temperature have to be smaller
than the case of the neutral Q-ball dark matter.


title:
Quantum effects in the thermoelectric power factor of low-dimensional
  semiconductors

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate the interplay between the confinement length $L$
and the thermal de Broglie wavelength $\Lambda$ to optimize the thermoelectric
power factor of semiconducting materials. An analytical formula for the power
factor is derived based on the one-band model assuming nondegenerate
semiconductors to describe quantum effects on the power factor of the low
dimensional semiconductors. The power factor is enhanced for one- and
two-dimensional semiconductors when $L$ is smaller than $\Lambda$ of the
semiconductors. In this case, the low-dimensional semiconductors having $L$
smaller than their $\Lambda$ will give a better thermoelectric performance
compared to their bulk counterpart. On the other hand, when $L$ is larger than
$\Lambda$, bulk semiconductors may give a higher power factor compared to the
lower dimensional ones.


title: Structures in multiple spin-2 interactions

abstract:
  We study generalisations of ghost-free bimetric theory which involve more
than two spin-2 fields. The consistent interactions can enter in the form of
two different couplings and in the majority of this work we concentrate on the
simpler one. The corresponding action involves one metric coupled to $N$ tensor
fields which do not interact with each other. We derive maximally symmetric
solutions to the multimetric equations of motion and identify the mass
eigenstates in the linearised theory around these backgrounds. Our results are
then applied to the problem of singling out multimetric models which possess
certain additional structures. In particular, we look for a relation between
scale invariant background solutions, the perturbative emergence of Weyl
invariance and the presence of partially massless spin-2 fields in the linear
theory. Our findings generalise known results in bimetric theory and allow us
to point out similarities and differences between the bi- and multimetric
models.


title: Emergence of stochastic dynamics in plane Couette flow

abstract:
  Spatially localized states play an important role in transition to turbulence
in shear flows (Kawahara, Uhlmann & van Veen, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 44, 203
(2012)). Despite the fact that some of them are attractors on the separatrix
between laminar and turbulent flows, little is known of their dynamics. We
investigate here the temporal dynamics of such steady spatially localized
solutions in the context of plane Couette flow. These solutions exist on
oscillating branches in parameter space. We consider the saddle-nodes of these
branches as initial conditions of simulations run with offset Reynolds numbers.
We observe a relaminarization regime mostly characterized by deterministic
dynamics and identify within this regime the existence of parameter intervals
in which the results are stochastic and long-lived chaotic transients are
observed. These results are obtained below the threshold for transition, shed
light on the emergence of stochasticity in transitional plane Couette flow and
will likely inform a range of shear flow configurations.


title: Suslin's moving lemma with modulus

abstract:
  The moving lemma of Suslin states that a cycle on $X\times \mathbb{A} ^n$
meeting all faces properly can be moved so that it becomes equidimensional over
$\mathbb{A}^n$. This leads to an isomorphism of motivic Borel-Moore homology
and higher Chow groups.
  In this short paper we formulate and prove a variant of this. It leads to an
isomorphism of Suslin homology with modulus and higher Chow groups with
modulus, in an appropriate pro setting.


title:
Rigged Configuration Descriptions of the Crystals B(infinity) and
  B(lambda) for Special Linear Lie Algebras

abstract:
  The rigged configuration realization $RC(\infty)$ of the crystal $B(\infty)$
was originally presented as a certain connected component within a larger
crystal. In this work, we make the realization more concrete by identifying the
elements of $RC(\infty)$ explicitly for the $A_n$-type case. Two separate
descriptions of $RC(\infty)$ are obtained. These lead naturally to isomorphisms
$RC(\infty)\cong T(\infty)$ and $RC(\infty)\cong \bar{T}(\infty)$, i.e., those
with the marginally large tableau and marginally large reverse tableau
realizations of $B(\infty)$, that may be computed explicitly. We also present
two descriptions of the irreducible highest weight crystal $B(\lambda)$ in
terms of rigged configurations. These are obtained by combining our two
descriptions of $RC(\infty)$, the two mentioned isomorphisms, and two existing
realizations of $B(\lambda)$ that were based on $T(\infty)$ and
$\bar{T}(\infty)$.


title:
StalemateBreaker: A Proactive Content-Introducing Approach to Automatic
  Human-Computer Conversation

abstract:
  Existing open-domain human-computer conversation systems are typically
passive: they either synthesize or retrieve a reply provided a human-issued
utterance. It is generally presumed that humans should take the role to lead
the conversation and introduce new content when a stalemate occurs, and that
the computer only needs to "respond." In this paper, we propose
StalemateBreaker, a conversation system that can proactively introduce new
content when appropriate. We design a pipeline to determine when, what, and how
to introduce new content during human-computer conversation. We further propose
a novel reranking algorithm Bi-PageRank-HITS to enable rich interaction between
conversation context and candidate replies. Experiments show that both the
content-introducing approach and the reranking algorithm are effective. Our
full StalemateBreaker model outperforms a state-of-the-practice conversation
system by +14.4% p@1 when a stalemate occurs.


title: Complexity of Manipulation with Partial Information in Voting

abstract:
  The Coalitional Manipulation problem has been studied extensively in the
literature for many voting rules. However, most studies have focused on the
complete information setting, wherein the manipulators know the votes of the
non-manipulators. While this assumption is reasonable for purposes of showing
intractability, it is unrealistic for algorithmic considerations. In most
real-world scenarios, it is impractical for the manipulators to have accurate
knowledge of all the other votes. In this paper, we investigate manipulation
with incomplete information. In our framework, the manipulators know a partial
order for each voter that is consistent with the true preference of that voter.
In this setting, we formulate three natural computational notions of
manipulation, namely weak, opportunistic, and strong manipulation. We say that
an extension of a partial order is if there exists a manipulative vote for that
extension.
  1. Weak Manipulation (WM): the manipulators seek to vote in a way that makes
their preferred candidate win in at least one extension of the partial votes of
the non-manipulators.
  2. Opportunistic Manipulation (OM): the manipulators seek to vote in a way
that makes their preferred candidate win in every viable extension of the
partial votes of the non-manipulators.
  3. Strong Manipulation (SM): the manipulators seek to vote in a way that
makes their preferred candidate win in every extension of the partial votes of
the non-manipulators.
  We consider several scenarios for which the traditional manipulation problems
are easy (for instance, Borda with a single manipulator). For many of them, the
corresponding manipulative questions that we propose turn out to be
computationally intractable. Our hardness results often hold even when very
little information is missing, or in other words, even when the instances are
quite close to the complete information setting.


title: Moffatt vortices: Concerns and Finiteness

abstract:
  Till date, the sequence of vortices present in the solid corners of steady
internal viscous incompressible flows, widely known as Moffatt vortices was
thought to be infinite. However, the already existing and most recent geometric
theories on incompressible viscous flows that express vortical structures in
terms of critical points in bounded domains, indicate a strong opposition to
this notion of infiniteness. In this study, we endeavor to bridge the gap
between the two opposing stream of thoughts by addressing what might have gone
wrong and pinpoint the shortcomings on the assumptions of the existing theorems
on Moffatt vortices. We provide our own set of proofs for establishing the
finiteness of the sequence of Moffatt vortices by making use of the continuum
hypothesis and Kolmogorov scale, which guarantee a non-zero scale for the
smallest vortex structure possible in incompressible viscous flows. We point
out that the notion of infiniteness resulting from discrete self-similarity of
the vortex structures is not physically feasible. The centers of these vortices
have been quantified by us as fixed points through Brouwer fixed-point theorem
and boundary of a vortex as circle cell. With the aid of these new developments
and making use of some existing theorems in topology along with some elementary
concept of mathematical analysis, we provide several approaches to delve into
this issue. All these approaches converge to the same conclusion that the
sequence of Moffatt vortices cannot be infinite; in fact, it is at most finite.


title: Commutative hypergroups associated with a hyperfield

abstract:
  In the present paper we introduce a commutative hypergroup associated with a
hyperfield of a compact commutative hypergroup based on a discrete commutative
hypergroup. Moreover we investigate the dual hyperfield and show the dual
relation. As an application we study some hypergroups related to a pair of
commutative hypergroups.


title:
Signature Design of Sparsely Spread CDMA Based on Superposed
  Constellation Distance Analysis

abstract:
  Sparsely spread code division multiple access (SCDMA) is a non-orthogonal
superposition coding scheme that permits a base station simultaneously
communicates with multiple users over a common channel. The detection
performance of an SCDMA system is mainly determined by its signature matrix,
which should be sparse to guarantee large Euclidean distance for the equivalent
signal constellation after spreading and superposition. Good signature matrices
that perform well under both belief prorogation and the maximum likelihood
detections are designed. The proposed design applies to several similar
well-documented schemes, including trellis code multiple access (TCMA), low
density spreading, and superposition modulation systems.


title:
On the possibility of generating a 4-neutron resonance with a {\boldmath
  $T=3/2$} isospin 3-neutron force

abstract:
  We consider the theoretical possibility to generate a narrow resonance in the
four neutron system as suggested by a recent experimental result. To that end,
a phenomenological $T=3/2$ three neutron force is introduced, in addition to a
realistic $NN$ interaction. We inquire what should be the strength of the $3n$
force in order to generate such a resonance. The reliability of the
three-neutron force in the $T=3/2$ channel is exmined, by analyzing its
consistency with the low-lying $T=1$ states of $^4$H, $^4$He and $^4$Li and the
$^3{\rm H} + n$ scattering.
  The {\it ab initio} solution of the $4n$ Schr\"{o}dinger equation is obtained
using the complex scaling method with boundary conditions appropiate to the
four-body resonances. We find that in order to generate narrow $4n$ resonant
states a remarkably attractive $3N$ force in the $T=3/2$ channel is required.


title:
Angle-resolved spectroscopy study of Ni-based superconductor
  SrNi$_2$As$_2$

abstract:
  We performed an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the
Ni-based superconductor SrNi$_2$As$_2$. Electron and hole Fermi surface pockets
are observed, but their different shapes and sizes lead to very poor nesting
conditions. The experimental electronic band structure of SrNi$_2$As$_2$ is in
good agreement with first-principles calculations after a slight
renormalization (by a factor 1.1), confirming the picture of Hund's
exchange-dominated electronic correlations decreasing with increasing filling
of the $3d$ shell in the Fe-, Co- and Ni-based compounds. These findings
emphasize the importance of Hund's coupling and $3d$-orbital filling as key
tuning parameters of electronic correlations in transition metal pnictides.


title:
Low-energy Spin Dynamics of the Honeycomb Spin Liquid Beyond the Kitaev
  Limit

abstract:
  We investigate the generic features of the low energy dynamical spin
structure factor of the Kitaev honeycomb quantum spin liquid perturbed away
from its exact soluble limit by generic symmetry-allowed exchange couplings. We
find that the spin gap persists in the Kitaev-Heisenberg model, but generally
vanishes provided more generic symmetry-allowed interactions exist. We
formulate the generic expansion of the spin operator in terms of fractionalized
Majorana fermion operators according to the symmetry enriched topological order
of the Kitaev spin liquid, described by its projective symmetry group. The
dynamical spin structure factor displays power-law scaling bounded by Dirac
cones in the vicinity of the $\Gamma$, $K$ and $K'$ points of the Brillouin
zone, rather than the spin gap found for the exactly soluble point.


title:
NuSTAR and Swift joint view of neutron star X-ray binary 4U~1728--34 :
  Disc reflection in the island and lower banana states

abstract:
  We analyze two simultaneous \nustar{} and \swift{} data of the Atoll type
neutron star (NS) X-ray binary 4U~1728--34 observed on 1 and 3 October, 2013.
Based on power density spectra, hardness ratio and colour-colour diagram, we
infer that the first and second observations belong to the island state and
lower banana state, respectively. During island state, a low-frequency
quasi-periodic oscillation (LFQPO) at $\sim4.53$ Hz is observed along with four
type-I X-ray bursts ($\sim 10-15$ s duration each). The X-ray luminosity of the
source during the island and lower banana states are found to be $L_{X}= 1.1$
and $1.6\times10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$, respectively which correspond to $\sim
6\%$ and $\sim 9\%$ of the Eddington luminosity. The combined burst spectrum is
well represented by a blackbody with a characteristic temperature of
$2.22\pm0.05\kev$ and the blackbody radius of $9.87\pm1.86$ km which is
consistent with the typical radius of the neutron star. The persistent energy
spectra from both observations in the energy band $1-79\kev$ are well described
with thermal emission from the NS surface ($kT_{bb}\simeq1-2.5\kev$),
Comptonized emission of thermal seed photons from the hot boundary layer/corona
and the strong reflection component from the accretion disc. We detect a broad
Iron line in the $5-8 \kev$ band and reflection hump in the $15-30 \kev$ band.
These features are well modelled by the {\tt relxill} reflection model. From
joint spectral fitting, we constrain the inclination angle of the binary system
and inner disc radius to be $22\degree-40\degree$ and $(2.8-4.3)\times
R_{ISCO}$, respectively. From inner disc radius, we estimate the magnetic field
to be $(3.3-6.5)\times10^{8}$ Gauss.


title: Light-Matter Interactions: A Coupled Oscillator Description

abstract:
  The semiclassical theory of light-matter interactions describes the
interaction between a classical electromagnetic field with a quantum mechanical
two-level system.We show that the quantum mechanical two-level system can be
modeled by a system of two coupled classical harmonic oscillators whose
eigenstates are split in frequency according to the coupling strength and play
the roles of the two levels of the quantum mechanical two-level system. The
effect of the light field on the mechanical system is modeled as a modulation
of the spring constants of the individual oscillators. Using this fully
classical model, we derive the Bloch equations for a two-level system and
discuss the mechanical analogues of Rabi oscillations and coherent control
experiments


title: A Multiplier Related to Symmetric Stable Processes

abstract:
  In two recent papers [5] and [6], we generalized some classical results of
Harmonic Analysis using probabilistic approach by means of a d- dimensional
rotationally symmetric stable process. These results allow one to discuss some
boundedness conditions with weaker hypotheses. In this paper, we study a
multiplier theorem using these more general results. We consider a product
process consisting of a d-dimensional symmetric stable process and a
1-dimensional Brownian motion, and use properties of jump processes to obtain
bounds on jump terms and the L^p(R^d)-norm of a new operator.


title: Some geometrical properties of the Oscillator group

abstract:
  We consider the oscillator group equipped with a bi-invariant Lorentzian
metric, and then some geometrical properties of this group i.e. homogeneous
Ricci solitons and harmonicity properties of invariant vector fields are
obtained. We also determine all vector fields which are critical points for the
energy functional restricted to vector fields. Vector fields defining harmonic
maps are also determined, and the energy of critical points is explicitly
calculated.


title: Band gap modulation in {\gamma}-graphyne by p-n codoping

abstract:
  The modulation of band gap in the two-dimensional carbon materials is of
impor- tance for their applications as electronic devices. By first-principles
calculations, we propose a model to control the band gap size of
{\gamma}-graphyne. The model is named as p-n codoping, i. e., using B and N
atoms to codope into {\gamma}-graphyne. After codoping, B atom plays a role of
p doping and N atom acts as n doping. The Fermi energy level returns around the
forbidden zone and the band gap of {\gamma}-graphyne vary bigger or smaller.
Moreover, the gaps exhibit an oscillated behaviour in different codoping
configurations. The proposed model serves as new insights for better modulation
of the electronic properties of 2D carbon materials.


title: Nanodomains in biomembranes with recycling

abstract:
  Cell membranes are out of thermodynamic equilibrium notably because of
membrane recycling, i.e. active exchange of material with the cytosol. We
propose an analytically tractable model of biomembrane predicting the effects
of recycling on the size of protein nanodomains. It includes a short-range
attraction between proteins and a weaker long-range repulsion which ensures the
existence of so-called cluster phases at equilibrium, where monomeric proteins
coexist with finite-size domains. Our main finding is that when taking
recycling into account, the typical cluster size increases logarithmically with
the recycling rate. Using physically realistic model parameters, the predicted
two-fold increase due to recycling in living cells is very likely
experimentally measurable with the help of super-resolution microscopy.


title: The Chow Form of the Essential Variety in Computer Vision

abstract:
  The Chow form of the essential variety in computer vision is calculated. Our
derivation uses secant varieties, Ulrich sheaves and representation theory.
Numerical experiments show that our formula can detect noisy point
correspondences between two images.


title: Lossless Airy Surface Polaritons in a Metamaterial via Active Raman Gain

abstract:
  We propose a scheme to realize a lossless propagation of linear and nonlinear
Airy surface polaritons (SPs) via active Raman gain (ARG). The system we
suggest is a planar interface superposed by a negative index metamaterial
(NIMM) and a dielectric, where three-level quantum emitters are doped. By using
the ARG from the quantum emitters and the destructive interference effect
between the electric and magnetic responses from the NIMM, we show that not
only the Ohmic loss of the NIMM but also the light absorption of the quantum
emitters can be completely eliminated. As a result, non-diffractive Airy SPs
may propagate for very long distance without attenuation. We also show that the
Kerr nonlinearity of the system can be largely enhanced due to the introduction
of the quantum emitters and hence lossless Airy surface polaritonic solitons
with very low power can be generated in the system.


title: Approximation of integral operators using convolution-product expansions

abstract:
  We consider a class of linear integral operators with impulse responses
varying regularly in time or space. These operators appear in a large number of
applications ranging from signal/image processing to biology. Evaluating their
action on functions is a computation-ally intensive problem necessary for many
practical problems. We analyze a technique called convolution-product
expansion: the operator is locally approximated by a convolution, allowing to
design fast numerical algorithms based on the fast Fourier transform. We design
various types of expansions, provide their explicit rates of approximation and
their complexity depending on the time varying impulse response smoothness.
This analysis suggests novel wavelet based implementations of the method with
numerous assets such as optimal approximation rates, low complexity and storage
requirements as well as adaptivity to the kernels regularity. The proposed
methods are an alternative to more standard procedures such as panel
clustering, cross approximations, wavelet expansions or hierarchical matrices.


title: Diametral dimensions of Frechet spaces

abstract:
  The diametral dimension is an important topological invariant in the category
of Frechet spaces which has been used, e.g., to distinguish types of Stein
manifolds. We introduce variants of the classical definition in order to solve
an old conjecture of Bessaga, Mityagin, Pelczynski, and Rolewicz at least for
nuclear Frechet spaces. Moreover, we clarify the relation between an invariant
recently introduced by Terzioglu and the by now classical condition $(\bar
\Omega)$ of Vogt and Wagner.


title:
Projective structure, $\widetilde{\mathrm{SL}}(3,{\mathbb R})$ and the
  symplectic Dirac operator

abstract:
  Inspired by the results on symmetries of the symplectic Dirac operator, we
realize symplectic spinor fields and the symplectic Dirac operator in the
framework of (the double cover of) homogeneous projective structure in two real
dimensions. The symmetry group of the homogeneous model of the double cover of
projective geometry in two real dimensions is
$\widetilde{\mathrm{SL}}(3,{\mathbb R})$.


title:
DARI: Distance metric And Representation Integration for Person
  Verification

abstract:
  The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of feature representation
learning and distance metric learning, whereas the two steps are often
discussed separately. To explore their interaction, this work proposes an
end-to-end learning framework called DARI, i.e. Distance metric And
Representation Integration, and validates the effectiveness of DARI in the
challenging task of person verification. Given the training images annotated
with the labels, we first produce a large number of triplet units, and each one
contains three images, i.e. one person and the matched/mismatch references. For
each triplet unit, the distance disparity between the matched pair and the
mismatched pair tends to be maximized. We solve this objective by building a
deep architecture of convolutional neural networks. In particular, the
Mahalanobis distance matrix is naturally factorized as one top fully-connected
layer that is seamlessly integrated with other bottom layers representing the
image feature. The image feature and the distance metric can be thus
simultaneously optimized via the one-shot backward propagation. On several
public datasets, DARI shows very promising performance on re-identifying
individuals cross cameras against various challenges, and outperforms other
state-of-the-art approaches.


title: Match-SRNN: Modeling the Recursive Matching Structure with Spatial RNN

abstract:
  Semantic matching, which aims to determine the matching degree between two
texts, is a fundamental problem for many NLP applications. Recently, deep
learning approach has been applied to this problem and significant improvements
have been achieved. In this paper, we propose to view the generation of the
global interaction between two texts as a recursive process: i.e. the
interaction of two texts at each position is a composition of the interactions
between their prefixes as well as the word level interaction at the current
position. Based on this idea, we propose a novel deep architecture, namely
Match-SRNN, to model the recursive matching structure. Firstly, a tensor is
constructed to capture the word level interactions. Then a spatial RNN is
applied to integrate the local interactions recursively, with importance
determined by four types of gates. Finally, the matching score is calculated
based on the global interaction. We show that, after degenerated to the exact
matching scenario, Match-SRNN can approximate the dynamic programming process
of longest common subsequence. Thus, there exists a clear interpretation for
Match-SRNN. Our experiments on two semantic matching tasks showed the
effectiveness of Match-SRNN, and its ability of visualizing the learned
matching structure.


title: On the homogenization of the Stokes problem in a perforated domain

abstract:
  We consider the Stokes equations on a bounded perforated domaincompleted with
non-zero constant boundary conditions on the holes. We investigate
configurations forwhich the holes are identical spheres and their number N goes
to infinity while their radius1/N tends to zero. We prove that, under the
assumption that there is no concentrationin the distribution of holes, the
solution is well approximated asymptotically by solving aStokes-Brinkman
problem.


title:
The electron mass from $g$-factor measurements on hydrogen-like carbon
  $^{12}$C$^{5+}$

abstract:
  The electron mass in atomic mass units has been determined with a relative
uncertainty of $2.8\cdot 10^{-11}$, which represents a 13-fold improvement of
the 2010 CODATA value. The underlying measurement principle combines a
high-precision measurement of the Larmor-to-cyclotron frequency ratio on a
single hydrogen-like carbon ion in a Penning trap with a corresponding very
accurate $g$-factor calculation. Here, we present the measurement results in
detail, including a comprehensive discussion of the systematic shifts and their
uncertainties. A special focus is set on the various sources of phase jitters,
which are essential for the understanding of the applied line-shape model for
the $g$-factor resonance.


title: The Sine$_\beta$ operator

abstract:
  We show that Sine$_\beta$, the bulk limit of the Gaussian $\beta$-ensembles
is the spectrum of a self-adjoint random differential operator \[ f\to 2
{R_t^{-1}} \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 0 &-\tfrac{d}{dt} \tfrac{d}{dt} &0
\end{array} \right] f, \qquad f:[0,1)\to \mathbb R^2, \] where $R_t$ is the
positive definite matrix representation of hyperbolic Brownian motion with
variance $4/\beta$ in logarithmic time. The result connects the
Montgomery-Dyson conjecture about the Sine$_2$ process and the non-trivial
zeros of the Riemann zeta function, the Hilbert-P\'olya conjecture and de
Brange's attempt to prove the Riemann hypothesis. We identify the Brownian
carousel as the Sturm-Liouville phase function of this operator.
  We provide similar operator representations for several other finite
dimensional random ensembles and their limits: finite unitary or orthogonal
ensembles, Hua-Pickrell ensembles and their limits, hard-edge
$\beta$-ensembles, as well as the Schr\"odinger point process. In this more
general setting, hyperbolic Brownian motion is replaced by a random walk or
Brownian motion on the affine group.
  Our approach provides a unified framework to study $\beta$-ensembles that has
so far been missing in the literature. In particular, we connect It\^o's
classification of affine Brownian motions with the classification of limits of
random matrix ensembles.


title:
Precomputed Real-Time Texture Synthesis with Markovian Generative
  Adversarial Networks

abstract:
  This paper proposes Markovian Generative Adversarial Networks (MGANs), a
method for training generative neural networks for efficient texture synthesis.
While deep neural network approaches have recently demonstrated remarkable
results in terms of synthesis quality, they still come at considerable
computational costs (minutes of run-time for low-res images). Our paper
addresses this efficiency issue. Instead of a numerical deconvolution in
previous work, we precompute a feed-forward, strided convolutional network that
captures the feature statistics of Markovian patches and is able to directly
generate outputs of arbitrary dimensions. Such network can directly decode
brown noise to realistic texture, or photos to artistic paintings. With
adversarial training, we obtain quality comparable to recent neural texture
synthesis methods. As no optimization is required any longer at generation
time, our run-time performance (0.25M pixel images at 25Hz) surpasses previous
neural texture synthesizers by a significant margin (at least 500 times
faster). We apply this idea to texture synthesis, style transfer, and video
stylization.


title:
Composition of Deep and Spiking Neural Networks for Very Low Bit Rate
  Speech Coding

abstract:
  Most current very low bit rate (VLBR) speech coding systems use hidden Markov
model (HMM) based speech recognition/synthesis techniques. This allows
transmission of information (such as phonemes) segment by segment that
decreases the bit rate. However, the encoder based on a phoneme speech
recognition may create bursts of segmental errors. Segmental errors are further
propagated to optional suprasegmental (such as syllable) information coding.
Together with the errors of voicing detection in pitch parametrization,
HMM-based speech coding creates speech discontinuities and unnatural speech
sound artefacts.
  In this paper, we propose a novel VLBR speech coding framework based on
neural networks (NNs) for end-to-end speech analysis and synthesis without
HMMs. The speech coding framework relies on phonological (sub-phonetic)
representation of speech, and it is designed as a composition of deep and
spiking NNs: a bank of phonological analysers at the transmitter, and a
phonological synthesizer at the receiver, both realised as deep NNs, and a
spiking NN as an incremental and robust encoder of syllable boundaries for
coding of continuous fundamental frequency (F0). A combination of phonological
features defines much more sound patterns than phonetic features defined by
HMM-based speech coders, and the finer analysis/synthesis code contributes into
smoother encoded speech. Listeners significantly prefer the NN-based approach
due to fewer discontinuities and speech artefacts of the encoded speech. A
single forward pass is required during the speech encoding and decoding. The
proposed VLBR speech coding operates at a bit rate of approximately 360 bits/s.


title: The STRANDS Project: Long-Term Autonomy in Everyday Environments

abstract:
  Thanks to the efforts of the robotics and autonomous systems community,
robots are becoming ever more capable. There is also an increasing demand from
end-users for autonomous service robots that can operate in real environments
for extended periods. In the STRANDS project we are tackling this demand
head-on by integrating state-of-the-art artificial intelligence and robotics
research into mobile service robots, and deploying these systems for long-term
installations in security and care environments. Over four deployments, our
robots have been operational for a combined duration of 104 days autonomously
performing end-user defined tasks, covering 116km in the process. In this
article we describe the approach we have used to enable long-term autonomous
operation in everyday environments, and how our robots are able to use their
long run times to improve their own performance.


title:
$\mathcal{D}$-solutions to the system of vectorial Calculus of
  Variations in $L^\infty$ via the singular value problem

abstract:
  For $\mathrm{H} \in C^2(\mathbb{R}^{N \times n})$ and $u : \Omega \subseteq
\mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^N$, consider the system \[
\label{1}\mathrm{A}\_\infty u\, :=\,\Big(\mathrm{H}\_P \otimes \mathrm{H}\_P +
\mathrm{H}[\mathrm{H}\_P]^\bot \mathrm{H}\_{PP}\Big)(\mathrm{D} u):
\mathrm{D}^2 u\, =\,0. \tag{1}\]We construct $\mathcal{D}$-solutions to the
Dirichlet problem for (1), an apt notion of generalised solutions recently
proposed for fully nonlinear systems. Our $\mathcal{D}$-solutions are
$W^{1,\infty}$-submersions and are obtained without any convexity hypotheses
for $\mathrm{H}$, through a result of independent interest involving existence
of strong solutions to the singular value problem for general dimensions $n\neq
N$.


title: Fluctuations, Response, and Resonances in a Simple Atmospheric Model

abstract:
  We study the response of a simple quasi-geostrophic barotropic model of the
atmosphere to various classes of perturbations affecting its forcing and its
dissipation using the formalism of the Ruelle response theory. We investigate
the geometry of such perturbations by constructing the covariant Lyapunov
vectors of the unperturbed system and discover in one specific case -
orographic forcing - a substantial projection of the forcing onto the stable
directions of the flow. This results into a resonant response shaped as a
Rossby-like wave that has no resemblance to the unforced variability in the
same range of spatial and temporal scales. Such a climatic surprise corresponds
to a violation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, in agreement with the
basic tenets of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. The resonance can be
attributed to a specific group of rarely visited unstable periodic orbits of
the unperturbed system. Our results reinforce the idea of using basic methods
of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and high-dimensional chaotic dynamical
systems to approach the problem of understanding climate dynamics.

categories: physics.ao-ph cond-mat.stat-mech nlin.CD physics.flu-dyn


title: An Elliptic System with Degenerate Coercivity

abstract:
  In this paper we study the existence of solutions of thedegererate elliptic
system.


title:
Collisionless electron-ion shocks in relativistic unmagnetized
  jet-ambient interactions: Non-thermal electron injection by double layer

abstract:
  The course of non-thermal electron ejection in relativistic unmagnetized
electron-ion shocks is investigated by performing self-consistent
particle-in-cell simulations. The shocks are excited through the injection of
relativistic jet into ambient plasma, leading to two distinct shocks (named as
the trailing shock and leading shock) and a contact discontinuity. The
Weibel-like instabilities heat the electrons up to approximately half of ion
kinetic energy. The double layers formed in the trailing and leading edges then
accelerated the electrons by the ion kinetic energy. The electron distribution
function in the leading edge shows a clear non-thermal power-law tail which
contains $\sim1\%$ of electrons and $\sim8\%$ of electron energy. Its power-law
index is -2.6. The acceleration efficiency is $\sim23\%$ by number and
$\sim50\%$ by energy and the power-law index is -1.8 for electron distribution
function in the trailing edge. The effect of the dimensionality is examined by
comparing results of 3D simulation with 2D ones. It exhibits that the electron
acceleration is more efficient in 2D.


title: Composing applications with OntoCompo

abstract:
  In this paper, we present an ontology-based approach to compose applications
while preserving their former look. Our composition process relies on the
manipulation of User Interfaces (UI) and on several ontologies describing
relationships between tasks, UI and Functionalities. Our tool, called
OntoCompo, supports compositions realized by the developer thanks to the
selection, extraction and positioning of UI elements to constitute the
newapplication.


title: Games and Strategies as Event Structures

abstract:
  In 2011, Rideau and Winskel introduced concurrent games and strategies as
event structures, generalizing prior work on causal formulations of games. In
this paper we give a detailed, self-contained and slightly-updated account of
the results of Rideau and Winskel: a notion of pre-strategy based on event
structures; a characterisation of those pre-strategies (deemed strategies)
which are preserved by composition with a copycat strategy; and the
construction of a bicategory of these strategies. Furthermore, we prove that
the corresponding category has a compact closed structure, and hence forms the
basis for the semantics of concurrent higher-order computation.


title: Accurate strain measurements in highly strained Ge microbridges

abstract:
  Ge under high strain is predicted to become a direct bandgap semiconductor.
Very large deformations can be introduced using microbridge devices. However,
at the microscale, strain values are commonly deduced from Raman spectroscopy
using empirical linear models only established up to 1.2% for uniaxial stress.
In this work, we calibrate the Raman-strain relation at higher strain using
synchrotron based microdiffraction. The Ge microbridges show unprecedented high
tensile strain up to 4.9 % corresponding to an unexpected 9.9 cm-1 Raman shift.
We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that the Raman strain relation
is not linear and we provide a more accurate expression.


title:
The regularity of the positive part of functions in $L^2(I; H^1(\Omega))
  \cap H^1(I; H^1(\Omega)^*)$ with applications to parabolic equations

abstract:
  Let $u\in L^2(I; H^1(\Omega))$ with $\partial_t u\in L^2(I; H^1(\Omega)^*)$
be given. Then we show by means of a counter-example that the positive part
$u^+$ of $u$ has less regularity, in particular it holds $\partial_t u^+
\not\in L^1(I; H^1(\Omega)^*)$ in general. Nevertheless, $u^+$ satisfies an
integration-by-parts formula, which can be used to prove non-negativity of weak
solutions of parabolic equations.


title:
Unsupervised Image Segmentation using the Deffuant-Weisbuch Model from
  Social Dynamics

abstract:
  Unsupervised image segmentation algorithms aim at identifying disjoint
homogeneous regions in an image, and have been subject to considerable
attention in the machine vision community. In this paper, a popular theoretical
model with it's origins in statistical physics and social dynamics, known as
the Deffuant-Weisbuch model, is applied to the image segmentation problem. The
Deffuant-Weisbuch model has been found to be useful in modelling the evolution
of a closed system of interacting agents characterised by their opinions or
beliefs, leading to the formation of clusters of agents who share a similar
opinion or belief at steady state. In the context of image segmentation, this
paper considers a pixel as an agent and it's colour property as it's opinion,
with opinion updates as per the Deffuant-Weisbuch model. Apart from applying
the basic model to image segmentation, this paper incorporates adjacency and
neighbourhood information in the model, which factors in the local similarity
and smoothness properties of images. Convergence is reached when the number of
unique pixel opinions, i.e., the number of colour centres, matches the
pre-specified number of clusters. Experiments are performed on a set of images
from the Berkeley Image Segmentation Dataset and the results are analysed both
qualitatively and quantitatively, which indicate that this simple and intuitive
method is promising for image segmentation. To the best of the knowledge of the
author, this is the first work where a theoretical model from statistical
physics and social dynamics has been successfully applied to image processing.


title:
Direct determination of the atomic mass difference of Re187 and Os187
  for neutrino physics and cosmochronology

abstract:
  For the first time a direct determination of the atomic mass difference of
187Re and 187Os has been performed with the Penning-trap mass spectrometer
SHIPTRAP applying the novel phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique.
The obtained value of 2492(30stat)(15sys) eV is in excellent agreement with the
Q values determined indirectly with microcalorimetry and thus resolves a
long-standing discrepancy with older proportional counter measurements. This is
essential for the determination of the neutrino mass from the beta-decay of
187Re as planned in future microcalorimetric measurements. In addition, an
accurate mass difference of 187Re and 187Os is also important for the
assessment of 187Re for cosmochronology.


title:
Supernova-blast waves in wind-blown bubbles, turbulent, and power-law
  ambient media

abstract:
  Supernova (SN) blast waves inject energy and momentum into the interstellar
medium (ISM), control its turbulent multiphase structure and the launching of
galactic outflows. Accurate modelling of the blast wave evolution is therefore
essential for ISM and galaxy formation simulations. We present an efficient
method to compute the input of momentum, thermal energy, and the velocity
distribution of the shock-accelerated gas for ambient media with uniform (and
with stellar wind blown bubbles), power-law, and turbulent density
distributions. Assuming solar metallicity cooling, the blast wave evolution is
followed to the beginning of the momentum conserving snowplough phase. The
model recovers previous results for uniform ambient media. The momentum
injection in wind-blown bubbles depend on the swept-up mass and the efficiency
of cooling, when the blast wave hits the wind shell. For power-law density
distributions with $n(r) \sim$ $r^{-2}$ (for $n(r) > n_{_{\rm floor}}$) the
amount of momentum injection is solely regulated by the background density
$n_{_{\rm floor}}$ and compares to $n_{_{\rm uni}}$ = $n_{_{\rm floor}}$.
However, in turbulent ambient media with log-normal density distributions the
momentum input can increase by a factor of 2 (compared to the homogeneous case)
for high Mach numbers. The average momentum boost can be approximated as
$p_{_{\rm turb}}/\mathrm{p_{_{0}}}\ =23.07\, \left(\frac{n_{_{0,\rm
turb}}}{1\,{\rm cm}^{-3}}\right)^{-0.12} + 0.82
(\ln(1+b^{2}\mathcal{M}^{2}))^{1.49}\left(\frac{n_{_{0,\rm turb}}}{1\,{\rm
cm}^{-3}}\right)^{-1.6}$. The velocity distributions are broad as gas can be
accelerated to high velocities in low-density channels. The model values agree
with results from recent, computationally expensive, three-dimensional
simulations of SN explosions in turbulent media.


title: Joint universality for dependent $L$-functions

abstract:
  We prove that, for arbitrary Dirichlet $L$-functions
$L(s;\chi_1),\ldots,L(s;\chi_n)$ (including the case when $\chi_j$ is
equivalent to $\chi_l$ for $j\ne k$), suitable shifts of type
$L(s+i\alpha_jt^{a_j}\log^{b_j}t;\chi_j)$ can simultaneously approximate any
given analytic functions on a simply connected compact subset of the right open
half of the critical strip, provided the pairs $(a_j,b_j)$ are distinct and
satisfy certain conditions. Moreover, we consider a discrete analogue of this
problem where $t$ runs over the set of positive integers.


title: Low-Rank Matrix Recovery using Gabidulin Codes in Characteristic Zero

abstract:
  We present a new approach on low-rank matrix recovery (LRMR) based on
Gabidulin Codes. Since most applications of LRMR deal with matrices over
infinite fields, we use the recently introduced generalization of Gabidulin
codes to fields of characterstic zero. We show that LRMR can be reduced to
decoding of Gabidulin codes and discuss which field extensions can be used in
the code construction.


title: Chloroplast Genome Yields Unusual Seven-Cluster Structure C

abstract:
  We studied the structuredness in a chloroplast genome of Siberian larch. The
clusters in 63-dimensional space were identified with elastic map technique,
where the objects to be clusterized are the different fragments of the genome.
A seven-cluster structure in the distribution of those fragments reported
previously has been found. Unlike the previous results, we have found the
drastically other composition of the clusters comprising the fragments
extracted from coding and non-coding regions of the genome.


title:
Magnetic hexadecapole gamma transitions and neutrino-nuclear responses
  in medium heavy nuclei

abstract:
  Neutrino-nuclear responses in the form of squares of nuclear matrix
elements,NMEs, are crucial for studies of neutrino-induced processes in nuclei.
In this work we investigate magnetic hexadecapole (M4) NMEs in medium-heavy
nuclei. The experimentally derived NMEs, $M_{\rm EXP}$(M4), deduced from
observed M4 $\gamma $ transition half-lives are compared with the
single-quasiparticle (QP) NMEs, $M_{\rm QP}$(M4), and the microscopic
quasiparticle-phonon model (MQPM) NMEs $M_{\rm MQPM}$(M4). The experimentally
driven M4 NMEs are found to be reduced by a coefficient $k \approx 0.29 $ with
respect to $M_{\rm QP}$(M4) and by $k \approx 0.33$ with respect to $M_{\rm
MQPM}$(M4). The M4 NMEs are reduced a little by the quasiparticle-phonon
correlations of the MQPM wave functions but mainly by other nucleonic and
non-nucleonic correlations which are not explicitly included in the MQPM. The
found reduction rates are of the same order of magnitude as those for magnetic
quadrupole $\gamma $ transitions and Gamow-Teller (GT) and spin-dipole (SD)
$\beta $ transitions. The impact of the found reduction coefficients on the
magnitudes of the NMEs involved in astroneutrino interactions and neutrinoless
double beta decays are discussed.