title: Electronic transport in disordered MoS$_2$ nanoribbons

abstract:
  We study the electronic structure and transport properties of zigzag and
armchair monolayer molybdenum disulfide nanoribbons using an 11-band
tight-binding model that accurately reproduces the material's bulk band
structure near the band gap. We study the electronic properties of pristine
zigzag and armchair nanoribbons, paying particular attention to the edges
states that appear within the MoS$_2$ bulk gap. By analyzing both their orbital
composition and their local density of states, we find that in
zigzag-terminated nanoribbons these states can be localized at a single edge
for certain energies independent of the nanoribbon width. We also study the
effects of disorder in these systems using the recursive Green's function
technique. We show that for the zigzag nanoribbons, the conductance due to the
edge states is strongly suppressed by short-range disorder such as vacancies.
In contrast, the local density of states still shows edge localization. We also
show that long-range disorder has a small effect on the transport properties of
nanoribbons within the bulk gap energy window.


title: MatLM: a Matrix Formulation for Probabilistic Language Models

abstract:
  Probabilistic language models are widely used in Information Retrieval (IR)
to rank documents by the probability that they generate the query. However, the
implementation of the probabilistic representations with programming languages
that favor matrix calculations is challenging. In this paper, we utilize matrix
representations to reformulate the probabilistic language models. The matrix
representation is a superstructure for the probabilistic language models to
organize the calculated probabilities and a potential formalism for
standardization of language models and for further mathematical analysis. It
facilitates implementations by matrix friendly programming languages. In this
paper, we consider the matrix formulation of conventional language model with
Dirichlet smoothing, and two language models based on Latent Dirichlet
Allocation (LDA), i.e., LBDM and LDI. We release a Java software
package--MatLM--implementing the proposed models. Code is available at:
https://github.com/yanshanwang/JGibbLDA-v.1.0-MatLM.


title:
Symmetry operators and decoupled equations for linear fields on black
  hole spacetimes

abstract:
  In the class of vacuum Petrov type D spacetimes with cosmological constant,
which includes the Kerr-(A)dS black hole as a particular case, we find a set of
four-dimensional operators that, when composed {\em off shell} with the Dirac,
Maxwell and linearized gravity equations, give a system of equations for spin
weighted scalars associated to the linear fields, that decouple on shell. Using
these operator relations we give compact reconstruction formulae for solutions
of the original spinor and tensor field equations in terms of solutions of the
decoupled scalar equations. We also analyze the role of Killing spinors and
Killing-Yano tensors in the spin weight zero equations and, in the case of
spherical symmetry, we compare our four-dimensional formulation with the
standard $2+2$ decomposition and particularize to the Schwarzschild-(A)dS black
hole. Our results uncover a pattern that generalizes a number of previous
results on Teukolsky-like equations and Debye potentials for higher spin
fields.


title:
Shock formation in solutions to the $2D$ compressible Euler equations in
  the presence of non-zero vorticity

abstract:
  We study the Cauchy problem for the compressible Euler equations in two
spatial dimensions under any physical barotropic equation of state except that
of a Chaplygin gas. We prove that the well-known phenomenon of shock formation
in simple plane wave solutions, starting from smooth initial conditions, is
stable under perturbations that break the plane symmetry. Moreover, we provide
a sharp asymptotic description of the singularity formation. The new feature of
our work is that the perturbed solutions are allowed to have small but non-zero
vorticity, even at the location of the shock. Thus, our results provide the
first constructive description of the vorticity near a singularity formed from
compression: relative to a system of geometric coordinates adapted to the
acoustic characteristics, the vorticity remains many times differentiable, all
the way up to the shock. In addition, relative to the Cartesian coordinates,
the vorticity remains bounded up to the shock.
  To control the vorticity, we rely on a coalition of new geometric and
analytic insights that complement the ones used by Christodoulou in his
groundbreaking, sharp proof of shock formation in vorticity-free regions. In
particular, we rely on a new formulation of the compressible Euler equations
exhibiting remarkable structures. To derive estimates, we construct an eikonal
function adapted to the acoustic characteristics (which correspond to sound
wave propagation) and a related set of geometric coordinates and differential
operators. Thanks to the remarkable structure of the equations, the same set of
coordinates and differential operators can be used to analyze the vorticity,
whose characteristics are transversal to the acoustic characteristics. In
particular, our work provides the first constructive description of shock
formation without symmetry assumptions in a system with multiple speeds.


title:
Understanding Systematics in ZZ Ceti Model Fitting to Enable
  Differential Seismology

abstract:
  We are conducting a large spectroscopic survey of over 130 Southern ZZ Cetis
with the Goodman Spectrograph on the SOAR Telescope. Because it employs a
single instrument with high UV throughput, this survey will both improve the
signal-to-noise of the sample of SDSS ZZ Cetis and provide a uniform dataset
for model comparison. We are paying special attention to systematics in the
spectral fitting and quantify three of those systematics here. We show that
relative positions in the $\log{g}$-$T_{\rm eff}$ plane are consistent for
these three systematics.


title:
Gusts and Shear Within Hurricane Eyewalls Can Exceed Offshore
  Wind-Turbine Design Standards

abstract:
  Offshore wind energy development is underway in the U.S., with proposed sites
located in hurricane-prone regions. Turbine design criteria outlined by the
International Electrotechnical Commission do not encompass the extreme wind
speeds and directional shifts of hurricanes stronger than a Category 2. We
examine the most turbulent portion of a hurricane (the eyewall) using
large-eddy simulations with Cloud Model 1 (CM1). Gusts and mean wind speeds
near the eyewall exceed the current design threshold of 50 m s-1 mean wind and
70 m s-1 gusts for Class I turbines. Gust factors are greatest at the
eye-eyewall interface. Further, shifts in wind direction at wind turbine hub
height suggest turbines must rotate into the wind faster than current practice.
Although current design standards omit mention of wind direction change across
the rotor layer, large values (15-50 deg) suggest that veer should be
considered in design standards.


title: A one-dimensional theory for Higgs branch operators

abstract:
  We use supersymmetric localization to calculate correlation functions of
half-BPS local operators in 3d ${\cal N} = 4$ superconformal field theories
whose Lagrangian descriptions consist of vectormultiplets coupled to
hypermultiplets. The operators we primarily study are certain twisted linear
combinations of Higgs branch operators that can be inserted anywhere along a
given line. These operators are constructed from the hypermultiplet scalars.
They form a one-dimensional non-commutative operator algebra with topological
correlation functions. The 2- and 3-point functions of Higgs branch operators
in the full 3d ${\cal N}=4$ theory can be simply inferred from the 1d
topological algebra. After conformally mapping the 3d superconformal field
theory from flat space to a round three-sphere, we preform supersymmetric
localization using a supercharge that does not belong to any 3d ${\cal N} = 2$
subalgebra of the ${\cal N}=4$ algebra. The result is a simple model that can
be used to calculate correlation functions in the 1d topological algebra
mentioned above. This model is a 1d Gaussian theory coupled to a matrix model,
and it can be viewed as a gauge-fixed version of a topological gauged quantum
mechanics. Our results generalize to non-conformal theories on $S^3$ that
contain real mass and Fayet-Iliopolous parameters. We also provide partial
results in the 1d topological algebra associated with the Coulomb branch, where
we calculate correlation functions of local operators built from the
vectormultiplet scalars.


title:
Comprehensive proton dose algorithm using pencil beam redefinition and
  recursive dynamic splitting

abstract:
  We compute, from first principles, the absolute dose or fluence distribution
per incident proton charge in a known heterogeneous terrain exposed to known
proton beams. The algorithm is equally amenable to scattered or scanned beams.
All objects in the terrain (including collimators) are sliced into slabs, of
any convenient thickness, perpendicular to the nominal beam direction.
  Transport is by standard Fermi-Eyges theory. Transverse heterogeneities are
handled by breaking up pencil beams (PBs) either by conventional redefinition
or a new form of 2D recursive dynamic splitting: the mother PB is replaced,
conserving emittance and charge, by seven daughters of equal transverse size.
One has 1/4 the charge and travels in the mother's direction and six have 1/8
the charge, are arranged hexagonally and radiate from the mother's virtual
point source.
  The longitudinal (energy-like) variable is pv (proton momentum times speed).
Each material encountered is treated on its own merits, not referenced to
water. Slowing down is handled by $R=a(pv)^b$ fitted to standard range-energy
tables. Multiple Coulomb scattering is handled by a scattering power
$T_\mathrm{dM}$ acting as a proxy for Moliere theory. We present examples from
a proof-of-principle Fortran program and speculate about putting the algorithm
into practice.


title: Computing motivic zeta functions on log smooth models

abstract:
  We give an explicit formula for the motivic zeta function in terms of a log
smooth model. It generalizes the classical formulas for snc-models, but it
gives rise to much fewer candidate poles, in general. As an illustration, we
explain how the formula for Newton non-degenerate polynomials can be viewed as
a special case of our results.


title:
The hidden null structure of the compressible Euler equations and a
  prelude to applications

abstract:
  We derive a new formulation of the compressible Euler equations exhibiting
remarkable structures, including surprisingly good null structures. The new
formulation comprises covariant wave equations for the Cartesian components of
the velocity and the logarithmic density coupled to a transport equation for
the specific vorticity, defined to be vorticity divided by density. The
equations allow one to use the full power of the geometric vectorfield method
in treating the "wave part" of the system.
  A crucial feature of the new formulation is that all derivative-quadratic
inhomogeneous terms verify the strong null condition. The latter is a nonlinear
condition signifying the complete absence of nonlinear interactions involving
more than one differentiation in a direction transversal to the acoustic
characteristics. Moreover, the same good structures are found in the equations
verified by the Euclidean divergence and curl of the specific vorticity. This
is important because one needs to combine estimates for the divergence and curl
with elliptic estimates to obtain sufficient regularity for the specific
vorticity, whose derivatives appears as inhomogeneous terms in the wave
equations.
  The above structures collectively open the door for our forthcoming results:
exhibiting a stable regime in which initially smooth solutions develop a shock
singularity (in particular the first Cartesian coordinate partial derivatives
of the velocity and density blow up) while, relative to a system of geometric
coordinates adapted to the acoustic characteristics, the solution (including
the vorticity) remains many times differentiable, all the way up to the shock.
The good null structures, which are often associated with global solutions, are
in fact key to proving that the shock singularity forms. Our secondary goal in
this article is to overview the central role that the structures play in the
proof.


title: Renormalisation Group Flow and Kaon Condensation

abstract:
  Functional renormalisation group approach is applied to a system of kaons
with finite chemical potential. A set of approximate flow equations for the
effective couplings is derived and solved. At high scale the system is found to
be at the normal phase whereas at some critical value of the running scale it
undergoes the phase transition (PT) to the phase with a spontaneously broken
symmetry with the kaon condensate as an order parameter. The value of the
condensate turns out to be quite sensitive to the kaon-kaon scattering length.


title:
Resonant tidal excitation of superfluid neutron stars in coalescing
  binaries

abstract:
  We study the resonant tidal excitation of g modes in coalescing superfluid
neutron star (NS) binaries and investigate how such tidal driving impacts the
gravitational-wave (GW) signal of the inspiral. Previous studies of this type
treated the NS core as a normal fluid and thus did not account for its expected
superfluidity. The source of buoyancy that supports the g modes is
fundamentally different in the two cases: in a normal fluid core the buoyancy
is due to gradients in the proton-to-neutron fraction whereas in a superfluid
core it is due to gradients in the muon-to-electron fraction. The latter yields
a stronger stratification and a superfluid NS therefore has a denser spectrum
of g modes with frequencies above 10 Hz. As a result, many more g modes undergo
resonant tidal excitation as the binary sweeps through the bandwidth of GW
detectors such as LIGO. We find that roughly 10 times more orbital energy is
transferred into g mode oscillations if the NS has a superfluid core rather
than a normal fluid core. However, because this energy is transferred later in
the inspiral when the orbital decay is faster, the accumulated phase error in
the gravitational waveform is comparable for a superfluid and a normal fluid NS
(about 0.001-0.01 rad). A phase error of this magnitude is too small to be
measured from a single event with the current generation of GW detectors.


title:
Magnetic microscopy and simulation of strain-mediated control of
  magnetization in Ni/PMN-PT nanostructures

abstract:
  Strain-mediated thin film multiferroics comprising
piezoelectric/ferromagnetic heterostructures enable the electrical manipulation
of magnetization with much greater efficiency than other methods; however, the
investigation of nanostructures fabricated from these materials is limited.
Here we characterize ferromagnetic Ni nanostructures grown on a ferroelectric
PMN-PT substrate using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis
(SEMPA) and micromagnetic simulations. The magnetization of the Ni
nanostructures can be controlled with a combination of sample geometry and
applied electric field, which strains the ferroelectric substrate and changes
the magnetization via magnetoelastic coupling. We evaluate two types of
simulations of ferromagnetic nanostructures on strained ferroelectric
substrates: conventional micromagnetic simulations including a simple uniaxial
strain, and coupled micromagnetic-elastodynamic simulations. Both simulations
qualitatively capture the response of the magnetization changes produced by the
applied strain, with the coupled solution providing more accurate
representation.


title:
Supersymmetric field theories and the elliptic index theorem with
  complex coefficients

abstract:
  We present a cocycle model for elliptic cohomology with complex coefficients
in which methods from 2-dimensional quantum field theory can be used to
rigorously construct cocycles. For example, quantizing a theory of vector
bundle-valued fermions yields a cocycle representative of the elliptic Thom
class. This constructs the complexified string orientation of elliptic
cohomology, which determines a pushfoward for families of rational string
manifolds. A second pushforward is constructed from quantizing a supersymmetric
$\sigma$-model. These two pushforwards agree, giving a precise physical
interpretation for the elliptic index theorem with complex coefficients. This
both refines and supplies further evidence for the long-conjectured
relationship between elliptic cohomology and 2-dimensional quantum field
theory. Analogous methods in supersymmetric mechanics recover path integral
constructions of the Mathai--Quillen Thom form in complexified ${\rm
KO}$-theory and a cocycle representative of the $\hat{A}$-class for a family of
oriented manifolds.


title: Real-Time RGB-D based Template Matching Pedestrian Detection

abstract:
  Pedestrian detection is one of the most popular topics in computer vision and
robotics. Considering challenging issues in multiple pedestrian detection, we
present a real-time depth-based template matching people detector. In this
paper, we propose different approaches for training the depth-based template.
We train multiple templates for handling issues due to various upper-body
orientations of the pedestrians and different levels of detail in depth-map of
the pedestrians with various distances from the camera. And, we take into
account the degree of reliability for different regions of sliding window by
proposing the weighted template approach. Furthermore, we combine the
depth-detector with an appearance based detector as a verifier to take
advantage of the appearance cues for dealing with the limitations of depth
data. We evaluate our method on the challenging ETH dataset sequence. We show
that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches.


title:
Microscopic Pedestrian Simulation Model to Evaluate "Lane-Like
  Segregation" of Pedestrian Crossing

abstract:
  One of the objectives of the pedestrian analysis is to evaluate the effects
of proposed policy on the pedestrian facilities before its implementation. The
implementation of a policy without pedestrian analysis might lead to a very
costly trial and error due to the implementation cost (i.e. user cost,
construction time and cost, etc.). On the other hand, using good analysis
tools, the trial and error of policy could be done in the analysis level. Once
the analysis could prove a good performance, the implementation of the policy
is straightforward. The problem is how to evaluate the impact of the policy
quantitatively toward the behavior of pedestrians before its implementation.
Since the interaction of pedestrians cannot be well address using a macroscopic
level of analysis, a microscopic level of analysis is the choice. However, the
analytical solution of the microscopic pedestrian model is very difficult and
simulation models are more practical approach. To evaluate the impact of the
policy quantitatively toward the behavior of pedestrians before its
implementation, a microscopic pedestrian simulation model was developed. The
model was based on physical forces, which work upon each pedestrian
dynamically. To demonstrate the numerical analysis of the model, an
experimental policy on pedestrian crossing was performed. The simulation
results showed that the keep right policy or the lane-like segregation policy
is inclined to be superior to do minimum or mix-lane policy in terms of average
speed, average delay and dissipation time.


title: Phononic High Harmonic Generation

abstract:
  This paper reports experimental evidence for phononic low-order to high-order
harmonic conversion leading to high harmonic generation. Phononic high harmonic
generation is mediated by a threshold dependent instability of a driven phonon
mode. Once the threshold for instability is met, a cascade of harmonic
generation processes is triggered. Firstly, the up-conversion of first harmonic
phonons into second harmonic phonons is established. Subsequently, the
down-conversion of second harmonic phonons into first harmonic phonons and
conversion of first and second harmonic phonons into third harmonic phonons
occur. On the similar lines, an eventual conversion of third harmonic phonons
to high orders is also observed to commence. This physical pathway for phononic
low-order to high-order harmonic conversion may find general relevance to other
physical systems.


title: An overview about Networks-on-Chip with multicast suppor

abstract:
  Modern System-on-Chip (SoC) platforms typically consist of multiple
processors and a communication interconnect between them. Network-on-Chip (NoC)
arises as a solution to interconnect these systems, which provides a scalable,
reusable, and an efficient interconnect. For these SoC platforms, multicast
communication is significantly used for parallel applications. Cache coherency
in distributed sharedmemory,clock synchronization, replication, or barrier
synchronization are examples of these requests. This paper presents an overview
of research on NoC with support for multicast communication and delineates the
major issues addressed so far by the scientific community in this investigation
area.


title: The Topological "Shape" of Brexit

abstract:
  Persistent homology is a method from computational algebraic topology that
can be used to study the "shape" of data. We illustrate two filtrations --- the
weight rank clique filtration and the Vietoris--Rips (VR) filtration --- that
are commonly used in persistent homology, and we apply these filtrations to a
pair of data sets that are both related to the 2016 European Union "Brexit"
referendum in the United Kingdom. These examples consider a topical situation
and give useful illustrations of the strengths and weaknesses of these methods.


title:
Maxwell's equations as a special case of deformation of a solid lattice
  in Euler's coordinates

abstract:
  It is shown that the set of equations known as Maxwell's equations perfectly
describe two very different systems: (1) the usual electromagnetic phenomena in
vacuum or in the matter and (2) the deformation of isotropic solid lattices,
containing topological defects as dislocations and disclinations, in the case
of constant and homogenous expansion. The analogy between these two physical
systems is complete, as it is not restricted to one of the two Maxwell's
equation couples in the vacuum, but generalized to the two equation couples as
well as to the diverse phenomena of dielectric polarization and magnetization
of matter, just as to the electrical charges and the electrical currents. The
eulerian approach of the solid lattice developed here includes Maxwell's
equations as a special case, since it stems from a tensor theory, which is
reduced to a vector one by contraction on the tensor indices. Considering the
tensor aspect of the eulerian solid lattice deformation theory, the analogy can
be extended to other physical phenomena than electromagnetism, a point which is
shortly discussed at the end of the paper.


title:
Some remarks on regular foliations with numerically trivial canonical
  class

abstract:
  In this article, we first describe codimension two regular foliations with
numerically trivial canonical class on complex projective manifolds whose
canonical class is not numerically effective. Building on a recent algebraicity
criterion for leaves of algebraic foliations, we then address regular
foliations of small rank with numerically trivial canonical class on complex
projective manifolds whose canonical class is pseudo-effective. Finally, we
confirm the generalized Bondal conjecture formulated by Beauville in some
special cases.


title:
Impact of Grain Boundaries on Efficiency and Stability of
  Organic-Inorganic Trihalide Perovskites

abstract:
  Organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous attention
because of their remarkably high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). To
further improve the device performance, however, it is imperative to obtain
fundamental understandings on the photo-response and long-term stability down
to the microscopic level. Here, we report the first quantitative nanoscale
photoconductivity imaging on two methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) thin
films with different PCEs by light-stimulated microwave impedance microscopy.
The intrinsic photo-response is largely uniform across grains and grain
boundaries, which is direct evidence on the inherently benign nature of
microstructures in the perovskite thin films. In contrast, the carrier mobility
and lifetime are strongly affected by bulk properties such as the sample
crystallinity. As visualized by the spatial evolution of local
photoconductivity, the degradation due to water diffusion through the capping
layer begins with the disintegration of large grains rather than the nucleation
and propagation from grain boundaries. Our findings provide new insights to
improve the electro-optical properties of MAPbI3 thin films towards large-scale
commercialization.


title: Ahlswede-Khachatrian Theorems: Weighted, Infinite, and Hamming

abstract:
  The seminal complete intersection theorem of Ahlswede and Khachatrian gives
the maximum cardinality of a $k$-uniform $t$-intersecting family on $n$ points,
and describes all optimal families. We extend this theorem to several other
settings: the weighted case, the case of infinitely many points, and the
Hamming scheme.
  The weighted Ahlswede-Khachatrian theorem gives the maximal $\mu_p$ measure
of a $t$-intersecting family on $n$ points, where $\mu_p(A) = p^{|A|}
(1-p)^{n-|A|}$. As has been observed by Ahlswede and Khachatrian and by Dinur
and Safra, this theorem can be derived from the classical one by a simple
reduction. However, this reduction fails to identify the optimal families, and
only works for $p < 1/2$. We translate the two original proofs of Ahlswede and
Khachatrian to the weighted case, thus identifying the optimal families in all
cases. We also extend the theorem to the case $p > 1/2$, using a different
technique of Ahlswede and Khachatrian (the case $p = 1/2$ is Katona's
intersection theorem). We then extend the weighted Ahlswede-Khachatrian theorem
to the case of infinitely many points.
  The Ahlswede-Khachatrian theorem on the Hamming scheme gives the maximum
cardinality of a subset of $\mathbb{Z}_m^n$ in which any two elements $x,y$
have $t$ positions $i_1,\ldots,i_t$ such that $x_{i_j} - y_{i_j} \in
\{-(s-1),\ldots,s-1\}$. We show that this case corresponds to $\mu_p$ with $p =
s/m$, extending work of Ahlswede and Khachatrian, who considered the case $s =
1$. We also determine the maximum cardinality families. We obtain similar
results for subsets of $[0,1]^n$, though in this case we are not able to
identify all maximum cardinality families.


title: Work Required for Selective Quantum Measurement

abstract:
  In quantum mechanics, we define the measuring system $M$ in a selective
measurement by two conditions. Firstly, when we define the measured system $S$
as the system in which the non-selective measurement part acts, $M$ is
independent from the measured system $S$ as a quantum system in the sense that
any time-dependent process in the total system $S+M$ is divisible into parts
for $S$ and $M$. Secondly, when we can separate $S$ and $M$ from each other
without changing the unitary equivalence class of the state of $S$ from that
obtained by the partial trace of $M$, the eigenstate selection in the selective
measurement cannot be realized. In order for such a system $M$ to exist, we
show that in one selective measurement of an observable of a quantum system
$S_0$ of particles in $S$, there exists a negative entropy transfer from $M$ to
$S$ that can be directly transformed into an amount of Helmholtz free energy of
$k_BT$ where $T$ is the thermodynamic temperature of the system $S$.
Equivalently, an extra amount of work, $k_BT$, is required to be done by the
system $M$.


title:
Multifractal states in self-consistent theory of localization:
  analytical solution

abstract:
  We consider disordered tight-binding models which Green's functions obey the
self-consistent cavity equations . Based on these equations and the replica
representation, we derive an analytical expression for the fractal dimension
D_{1} that distinguishes between the extended ergodic, D_{1}=1, and extended
non-ergodic (multifractal), 0<D_{1}<1 states. The latter corresponds to the
solution with broken replica symmetry, while the former corresponds to the
replica-symmetric solution. We prove the existence of the extended non-ergodic
phase in a broad range of disorder strength and energy as well as existence of
transition between the two extended phases. The results are applied to the
systems with local tree structure (Bethe lattices) and to the systems with
infinite connectivity (Rosenzweig-Poter random matrix theory). We obtain the
phase diagram in the disorder-energy plain for the Bethe lattice and identify
two insulating phases classified by the (one-step) replica symmetry breaking
parameter. Finally we express the line of the Anderson localization transition,
the stability limit of the non-ergodic extended phase and the line of the first
order transitions between the two extended phases in terms of the Lyapunov
exponents.


title: Prediction of Manipulation Actions

abstract:
  Looking at a person's hands one often can tell what the person is going to do
next, how his/her hands are moving and where they will be, because an actor's
intentions shape his/her movement kinematics during action execution.
Similarly, active systems with real-time constraints must not simply rely on
passive video-segment classification, but they have to continuously update
their estimates and predict future actions. In this paper, we study the
prediction of dexterous actions. We recorded from subjects performing different
manipulation actions on the same object, such as "squeezing", "flipping",
"washing", "wiping" and "scratching" with a sponge. In psychophysical
experiments, we evaluated human observers' skills in predicting actions from
video sequences of different length, depicting the hand movement in the
preparation and execution of actions before and after contact with the object.
We then developed a recurrent neural network based method for action prediction
using as input patches around the hand. We also used the same formalism to
predict the forces on the finger tips using for training synchronized video and
force data streams. Evaluations on two new datasets showed that our system
closely matches human performance in the recognition task, and demonstrate the
ability of our algorithm to predict what and how a dexterous action is
performed.


title: Large-scale comparative visualisation of sets of multidimensional data

abstract:
  We present encube $-$ a qualitative, quantitative and comparative
visualisation and analysis system, with application to high-resolution,
immersive three-dimensional environments and desktop displays. encube extends
previous comparative visualisation systems by considering: 1) the integration
of comparative visualisation and analysis into a unified system; 2) the
documentation of the discovery process; and 3) an approach that enables
scientists to continue the research process once back at their desktop. Our
solution enables tablets, smartphones or laptops to be used as interaction
units for manipulating, organising, and querying data. We highlight the
modularity of encube, allowing additional functionalities to be included as
required. Additionally, our approach supports a high level of collaboration
within the physical environment. We show how our implementation of encube
operates in a large-scale, hybrid visualisation and supercomputing environment
using the CAVE2 at Monash University, and on a local desktop, making it a
versatile solution. We discuss how our approach can help accelerate the
discovery rate in a variety of research scenarios.


title: Spatial dependence of entanglement renormalization in $XY$ model

abstract:
  In this article a comparative study of the renormalization of entanglement in
one, two and three dimensional space and its relation with quantum phase
transition (QPT) near the critical point is presented by implementing the
Quantum Renormalization Group (QRG) technique. Adopting the Kadanoff's block
approach, numerical results for the concurrence are obtained for the spin -1/2
$XY$ model in all the spatial dimensions. The results show similar qualitative
behavior as we move from the lower to the higher dimensions in space but the
number of iterations reduces for achieving the QPT in the thermodynamic limit.
We find that in the two dimensional and three dimensional spin -1/2 $XY$ model,
maximum values of the concurrence reduce by the factor of $1/n$ $(n=2,3)$ with
reference to the maximum value of one dimensional case. Moreover, we study the
scaling behavior and the entanglement exponent. We compare the results for one,
two and three dimensional cases and illustrate how the system evolves near the
critical point.


title: Linear dynamics of classical spin as M\"obius transformation

abstract:
  Although the overwhelming majority of natural processes occurs far from the
equilibrium, general theoretical approaches to non-equilibrium phase
transitions remain scarce. Recent breakthroughs introducing description of open
dissipative systems in terms of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics allowed to
identify a class of non-equilibrium phase transitions associated with the loss
of combined parity (reflection) and time-reversal symmetries. Here we report
that time evolution of a single classical spin (e.g. monodomain ferromagnet)
governed by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski equation in absence of
higher-order anisotropy terms is described by a M\"{o}bius transformation in
complex stereographic coordinates. We identify the \textit{parity-time}
symmetry-breaking phase transition occurring in spin-transfer torque-driven
linear spin systems as a transition between hyperbolic and loxodromic classes
of M\"{o}bius transformations, with the critical point of the transition
corresponding to the parabolic transformation. This establishes the
understanding of non-equilibrium phase transitions as topological transitions
in configuration space.


title:
Patterns of Selection of Human Movements II: Movement Limits, Mechanical
  Energy, and Very Slow Walking Gaits

abstract:
  The biomechanics of the human body allow humans a range of possible ways of
executing movements to attain specific goals. This range of movement is limited
by a number of mechanical, biomechanical, or cognitive constraints. Shifts in
these limits result in changes available possible movements from which a
subject can select and can affect which movements a subject selects. Therefore
by understanding the limits on the range of movement we can come to a better
understanding of declines in movement performance due to disease or aging. In
this project, we look at how models for the limits on the range of movement can
be derived in a principled manner from a model of the movement. Using the
example of normal walking gaits, we develop a lower limit on the avg. walking
speed by examining the process by which the body restores mechanical energy
lost during walking, and we develop an upper limit on the avg. step length by
examining the forces the body can exert doing external mechanical work, in this
case, pulling a cart. Making slight changes to the model for normal walking
gaits, we develop a model of very slow walking gaits with avg. walking speeds
below the lower limit on normal walking gaits but that also has a lower limit
on the avg. walking speed. We note that the lowest avg. walking speeds observed
clinically fall into the range of very slow walking gaits so defined, and argue
that forms of bipedal locomotion with still lower speeds should be considered
distinct from walking gaits.


title: Causal evolution of wave packets

abstract:
  Drawing from the optimal transport theory adapted to the relativistic setting
we formulate the principle of a causal flow of probability and apply it in the
wave packet formalism. We demonstrate that whereas the Dirac system is causal,
the relativistic-Schr\"odinger Hamiltonian impels a superluminal evolution of
probabilities. We quantify the causality breakdown in the latter system and
argue that, in contrast to the popular viewpoint, it is not related to the
localisation properties of the states.


title:
Distributed Representations of Lexical Sets and Prototypes in Causal
  Alternation Verbs

abstract:
  Lexical sets contain the words filling an argument slot of a verb, and are in
part determined by selectional preferences. The purpose of this paper is to
unravel the properties of lexical sets through distributional semantics. We
investigate 1) whether lexical set behave as prototypical categories with a
centre and a periphery; 2) whether they are polymorphic, i.e. composed by
subcategories; 3) whether the distance between lexical sets of different
arguments is explanatory of verb properties. In particular, our case study are
lexical sets of causative-inchoative verbs in Italian. Having studied several
vector models, we find that 1) based on spatial distance from the centroid,
object fillers are scattered uniformly across the category, whereas
intransitive subject fillers lie on its edge; 2) a correlation exists between
the amount of verb senses and that of clusters discovered automatically,
especially for intransitive subjects; 3) the distance between the centroids of
object and intransitive subject is correlated with other properties of verbs,
such as their cross-lingual tendency to appear in the intransitive pattern
rather than transitive one. This paper is noncommittal with respect to the
hypothesis that this connection is underpinned by a semantic reason, namely the
spontaneity of the event denoted by the verb.


title:
A model of autophagy size selectivity by receptor clustering on
  peroxisomes

abstract:
  Selective autophagy must not only select the correct type of organelle, but
also must discriminate between individual organelles of the same kind so that
some but not all of the organelles are removed. We propose that physical
clustering of autophagy receptor proteins on the organelle surface can provide
an appropriate all-or-none signal for organelle degradation. We explore this
proposal using a computational model restricted to peroxisomes and the
relatively well characterized pexophagy receptor proteins NBR1 and p62. We find
that larger peroxisomes nucleate NBR1 clusters first and lose them last through
competitive coarsening. This results in significant size-selectivity that
favors large peroxisomes, and can explain the increased catalase signal that
results from siRNA inhibition of p62. Excess ubiquitin, resulting from damaged
organelles, suppresses size-selectivity but not cluster formation. Our proposed
selectivity mechanism thus allows all damaged organelles to be degraded, while
otherwise selecting only a portion of organelles for degradation.


title:
Dispersive readout of a silicon quantum dot with an accumulation-mode
  gate sensor

abstract:
  Sensitive charge detection has enabled qubit readout in solid-state systems.
Recently, an alternative to the well-established charge detection via on-chip
electrometers has emerged, based on in situ gate detectors and radio-frequency
dispersive readout techniques. This approach promises to facilitate scalability
by removing the need for additional device components devoted to sensing. Here,
we perform gate-based dispersive readout of an accumulation-mode silicon
quantum dot. We observe that the response of an accumulation-mode gate detector
is significantly affected by its bias voltage, particularly if this exceeds the
threshold for electron accumulation. We discuss and explain these results in
light of the competing capacitive contributions to the dispersive response.


title: Technical Report on the CleverHans v2.1.0 Adversarial Examples Library

abstract:
  CleverHans is a software library that provides standardized reference
implementations of adversarial example construction techniques and adversarial
training. The library may be used to develop more robust machine learning
models and to provide standardized benchmarks of models' performance in the
adversarial setting. Benchmarks constructed without a standardized
implementation of adversarial example construction are not comparable to each
other, because a good result may indicate a robust model or it may merely
indicate a weak implementation of the adversarial example construction
procedure.
  This technical report is structured as follows. Section 1 provides an
overview of adversarial examples in machine learning and of the CleverHans
software. Section 2 presents the core functionalities of the library: namely
the attacks based on adversarial examples and defenses to improve the
robustness of machine learning models to these attacks. Section 3 describes how
to report benchmark results using the library. Section 4 describes the
versioning system.


title:
Observations and 3D Hydrodynamical models of planetary nebulae with Wolf
  Rayet type central stars

abstract:
  We present high-resolution, long-slit spectroscopic observations of two
planetary nebulae with [WC] central stars located near the galactic bulge, M
1-32 and M 3-15. The observations were obtained with the 2.1-m telescope at the
Observatorio Astron\'omico Nacional, San Pedro M\'artir. M 1-32 shows wide
wings on the base of its emission lines and M 3-15 has two very faint
high-velocity knots. In order to model both PNe we built a three-dimensional
model consisting of a jet interacting with an equatorially concentrated slow
wind, emulating the presence of a dense torus, using the Yguaz\'u
hydrodynamical code. From our hydrodynamical models, we obtained
position-velocity (PV) diagrams in the [N II]$\lambda$6583 line for comparison
with the observations. We find that the spectral characteristics of M 1-32 and
M 3-15 can be explained with the same physical model -a jet moving inside an
AGB wind- using different parameters (physical conditions and position angles
of the jet). In agreement with our model and observations, these objects
contain a dense torus seeing pole-on and a bipolar jet escaping thorough the
poles. Then we propose to classify this kind of objects as spectroscopic
bipolar nebulae, although they have been classified morphologically as compact,
round, or elliptical nebulae or with "close collimated lobes".


title:
On Representation of Integers from Thin Subgroups of SL(2,Z) with
  Parabolics

abstract:
  Let $\Lambda<SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ be a finitely generated, non-elementary
Fuchsian group of the second kind, and $v, w$ be two primitive vectors in
$\mathbb{Z}^2-(0,0)$. We consider the set $\mathcal{S}=\{\langle
{v}\gamma,{w}\rangle_{\mathbb{R}^2}:\gamma\in\Lambda\}$, where
$\langle\cdot,\cdot\rangle_{\mathbb{R}^2}$ is the standard inner product in
$\mathbb{R}^2$. Using Hardy-Littlewood circle method and some infinite
co-volume lattice point counting techniques developed by Bourgain, Kontorovich
and Sarnak, together with Gamburd's 5/6 spectral gap, we show that if $\Lambda$
has parabolic elements, and the critical exponent $\delta$ of $\Lambda$ exceeds
0.995371, then a density-one subset of all admissible integers (i.e. integers
passing all local obstructions) are actually in $\mathcal{S}$, with a power
savings on the size of the exceptional set (i.e. the set of admissible integers
failing to appear in $\mathcal{S}$). This supplements a result of
Bourgain-Kontorovich, which proves a density-one statement for the case when
$\Lambda$ is free, finitely generated, has no parabolics and has critical
exponent $\delta>0.999950$.


title: Test for a large amount of entanglement, using few measurements

abstract:
  Bell-inequality violations establish that two systems share some quantum
entanglement. We give a simple test to certify that two systems share an
asymptotically large amount of entanglement, n EPR states. The test is
efficient: unlike earlier tests that play many games, in sequence or in
parallel, our test requires only one or two CHSH games. One system is directed
to play a CHSH game on a random specified qubit i, and the other is told to
play games on qubits {i,j}, without knowing which index is i.
  The test is robust: a success probability within delta of optimal guarantees
distance O(n^{5/2} sqrt{delta}) from n EPR states. However, the test does not
tolerate constant delta; it breaks down for delta = Omega~(1/sqrt{n}). We give
an adversarial strategy that succeeds within delta of the optimum probability
using only O~(delta^{-2}) EPR states.


title:
Protostellar Feedback in Turbulent Fragmentation: Consequences for
  Stellar Clustering and Multiplicity

abstract:
  Stars are strongly clustered on both large (~pc) and small (~binary) scales,
but there are few analytic or even semi-analytic theories for the correlation
function and multiplicity of stars. In this paper we present such a theory,
based on our recently-developed semi-analytic framework called MISFIT, which
models gravito-turbulent fragmentation, including the suppression of
fragmentation by protostellar radiation feedback. We compare the results
including feedback to a control model in which it is omitted. We show that both
classes of models robustly reproduce the stellar correlation function at >0.01
pc scales, which is well approximated by a power-law that follows generally
from scale-free physics (turbulence plus gravity) on large scales. On smaller
scales protostellar disk fragmentation becomes dominant over common core
fragmentation, leading to a steepening of the correlation function.
Multiplicity is more sensitive to feedback: we found that a model with the
protostellar heating reproduces the observed multiplicity fractions and mass
ratio distributions for both Solar and sub-Solar mass stars (in particular the
brown dwarf desert), while a model without feedback fails to do so. The model
with feedback also produces an at-formation period distribution consistent with
the one inferred from observations. However, it is unable to produce
short-range binaries below the length scale of protostellar disks. We suggest
that such close binaries are produced primarily by disk fragmentation and
further decrease their separation through orbital decay.


title: Bootstrap methods for stationary functional time series

abstract:
  Bootstrap methods for estimating the long-run covariance of stationary
functional time series are considered. We introduce a versatile bootstrap
method that relies on functional principal component analysis, where principal
component scores can be bootstrapped by maximum entropy. Two other bootstrap
methods resample error functions, after the dependence structure being modeled
linearly by a sieve method or nonlinearly by a functional kernel regression.
Through a series of Monte-Carlo simulation, we evaluate and compare the
finite-sample performances of these three bootstrap methods for estimating the
long-run covariance in a functional time series. Using the intraday particulate
matter (PM10) data set in Graz, the proposed bootstrap methods provide a way of
constructing the distribution of estimated long-run covariance for functional
time series.


title: A remark on a result of Ding-Jost-Li-Wang

abstract:
  Let $(M,g)$ be a compact Riemannian surface without boundary, $W^{1,2}(M)$ be
the usual Sobolev space, $J: W^{1,2}(M)\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be the
functional defined by $$J(u)=\frac{1}{2}\int_M|\nabla u|^2dv_g+8\pi \int_M
udv_g-8\pi\log\int_Mhe^udv_g,$$ where $h$ is a positive smooth function on $M$.
In an inspiring work (Asian J. Math., vol. 1, pp. 230-248, 1997), Ding, Jost,
Li and Wang obtained a sufficient condition under which $J$ achieves its
minimum. In this note, we prove that if the smooth function $h$ satisfies
$h\geq 0$ and $h\not\equiv 0$, then the above result still holds. Our method is
to exclude blow-up points on the zero set of $h$.


title:
Comparative study of semilocal density functionals on solids and
  surfaces

abstract:
  Recently, Tao and Mo (TM) proposed an accurate all-purpose nonempirical
meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA). The exchange part was
derived from the density matrix approximation, while the correlation part is
based on a modification of TPSS correlation in the low-density or
strong-interaction limit. To further understand this density functional, we
combine the TM exchange part with the original TPSS correlation and make a
comprehensive assessment of this combination, which we call TMTPSS functional,
on solids and solid surfaces. Our test includes 22 lattice constants and bulk
moduli, 30 band gaps of semiconductors, 7 cohesive energies, and surface
exchange-correlation energies for rs ranging from 2 to 3 bohr. Our calculations
show that TMTPSS functional is quite competitive to the TM meta-GGA functional,
improving upon the nonempirical functionals LSDA, PBE GGA, and TPSS meta-GGA
for most properties considered. In particular, it significantly improves the
surface exchange-correlation energy calculation, with a mean absolute error of
only 1 erg/cm2.


title: Generalised Witt algebras and idealizers

abstract:
  Let $\Bbbk$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and let
$\Gamma$ be an additive subgroup of $\Bbbk$. Results of Kaplansky-Santharoubane
and Su classify intermediate series representations of the generalised Witt
algebra $W_\Gamma$ in terms of three families, one parameterised by ${\mathbb
A}^2$ and two by ${\mathbb P}^1$. In this note, we use the first family to
construct a homomorphism $\Phi$ from the enveloping algebra $U(W_\Gamma)$ to a
skew extension of ${\Bbbk}[a,b]$. We show that the image of $\Phi$ is contained
in a (double) idealizer subring of this skew extension and that the
representation theory of idealizers explains the three families. We further
show that the image of $U(W_\Gamma)$ under $\Phi$ is not left or right
noetherian, giving a new proof that $U(W_\Gamma)$ is not noetherian.
  We construct $\Phi$ as an application of a general technique to create ring
homomorphisms from shift-invariant families of modules. Let $G$ be an arbitrary
group and let $A$ be a $G$-graded ring. A graded $A$-module $M$ is an
intermediate series module if $M_g$ is one-dimensional for all $g \in G$. Given
a shift-invariant family of intermediate series $A$-modules parametrised by a
scheme $X$, we construct a homomorphism $\Phi$ from $A$ to a skew-extension of
${\Bbbk}[X]$. The kernel of $\Phi$ consists of those elements which annihilate
all modules in $X$.


title: Tur\'an numbers of vertex-disjoint cliques in $r$-partite graphs

abstract:
  For two graphs $G$ and $H$, the Tur\'{a}n number $ex(G,H)$ is the maximum
number of edges in a subgraph of $G$ that contains no copy of $H$. Chen, Li,
and Tu determined the Tur\'{a}n numbers $ex(K_{m,n},kK_2)$ for all $k\geq 1$
[7]. In this paper we will determine the Tur\'{a}n numbers
$ex(K_{a_1,\ldots,a_r},kK_r)$ for all $r\geq 3$ and $k\geq 1$.


title: Long-Term Factorization of Affine Pricing Kernels

abstract:
  This paper constructs and studies the long-term factorization of affine
pricing kernels into discounting at the rate of return on the long bond and the
martingale component that accomplishes the change of probability measure to the
long forward measure. The principal eigenfunction of the affine pricing kernel
germane to the long-term factorization is an exponential-affine function of the
state vector with the coefficient vector identified with the fixed point of the
Riccati ODE. The long bond volatility and the volatility of the martingale
component are explicitly identified in terms of this fixed point. A range of
examples from the asset pricing literature is provided to illustrate the
theory.


title: Probing the diffractive production of gauge bosons at forward rapidities

abstract:
  The gauge boson production at forward rapidities in single diffractive events
at the LHC is investigated considering $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 8 and 13
TeV. The impact of gap survival effects is analysed using two different models
for the soft rescattering contributions. We demonstrate that using the Forward
Shower Counter Project at LHCb -- HERSCHEL, together with the Vertex Locator --
VELO, it is possible to discriminate diffractive production of the gauge bosons
$W$ and $Z$ from the non-diffractive processes and studies of the Pomeron
structure and diffraction phenomenology are feasible. Moreover, we show that
the analysis of this process can be useful to constrain the modelling of the
gap survival effects.


title: A subcopula based dependence measure

abstract:
  A dependence measure for arbitrary type pairs of random variables is proposed
and analyzed, which in the particular case where both random variables are
continuous turns out to be a concordance measure. Also, a sample version of the
proposed dependence measure based on the empirical subcopula is provided, along
with an R package to perform the corresponding calculations.


title:
Tuning of MCMC with Langevin, Hamiltonian, and other stochastic
  autoregressive proposals

abstract:
  Proposals for Metropolis-Hastings MCMC derived by discretizing Langevin
diffusion or Hamiltonian dynamics are examples of stochastic autoregressive
proposals that form a natural wider class of proposals with equivalent
computability. We analyze Metropolis-Hastings MCMC with stochastic
autoregressive proposals applied to target distributions that are absolutely
continuous with respect to some Gaussian distribution to derive expressions for
expected acceptance probability and expected jump size, as well as measures of
computational cost, in the limit of high dimension. Thus, we are able to unify
existing analyzes for these classes of proposals, and to extend the theoretical
results that provide useful guidelines for tuning the proposals for optimal
computational efficiency. For the simplified Langevin algorithm we find that it
is optimal to take at least three steps of the proposal before the
Metropolis-Hastings accept-reject step, and for Hamiltonian/hybrid Monte Carlo
we provide new guidelines for the optimal number of integration steps and
criteria for choosing the optimal mass matrix.


title:
Network Structure Inference, A Survey: Motivations, Methods, and
  Applications

abstract:
  Networks represent relationships between entities in many complex systems,
spanning from online social interactions to biological cell development and
brain connectivity. In many cases, relationships between entities are
unambiguously known: are two users 'friends' in a social network? Do two
researchers collaborate on a published paper? Do two road segments in a
transportation system intersect? These are directly observable in the system in
question. In most cases, relationship between nodes are not directly observable
and must be inferred: does one gene regulate the expression of another? Do two
animals who physically co-locate have a social bond? Who infected whom in a
disease outbreak in a population?
  Existing approaches for inferring networks from data are found across many
application domains and use specialized knowledge to infer and measure the
quality of inferred network for a specific task or hypothesis. However, current
research lacks a rigorous methodology which employs standard statistical
validation on inferred models. In this survey, we examine (1) how network
representations are constructed from underlying data, (2) the variety of
questions and tasks on these representations over several domains, and (3)
validation strategies for measuring the inferred network's capability of
answering questions on the system of interest.


title: Multiferroic magnetic spirals induced by random magnetic exchanges

abstract:
  Multiferroism can originate from the breaking of inversion symmetry caused by
magnetic-spiral order. The usual mechanism for stabilizing a magnetic spiral is
competition between magnetic exchange interactions differing by their range and
sign, such as nearest-neighbor and next-nearest- neighbor interactions. Since
the latter are usually weak the onset temperatures for multiferroism via this
mechanism are typically low. By considering a realistic model for YBaCuFeO$_5$
we propose an alternative mechanism for magnetic-spiral order, and hence for
multiferroism, that occurs at much higher temperatures. We show using
Monte-Carlo simulations and electronic structure calculations based on density
functional theory that the Heisenberg model on a geometrically non-frustrated
lattice with only nearest-neighbor interactions can have a spiral phase up to
high temperature when frustrating bonds are introduced randomly along a single
crystallographic direction as caused, e.g., by a particular type of chemical
disorder. This long-range correlated pattern of frustration avoids
ferroelectrically inactive spin glass order. Finally, we provide an intuitive
explanation for this mechanism and discuss its generalization to other
materials.


title:
Spiral order from orientationally correlated random bonds in classical
  XY models

abstract:
  We discuss the stability of ferromagnetic long-range order in
three-dimensional classical XY ferromagnets upon substitution of a small subset
of equally oriented bonds by impurity bonds, on which the ferromagnetic
exchange J_perp > 0 is replaced by a strong antiferromagnetic coupling J_imp <
0. In the presence of a single impurity bond, once the absolute value of the
frustrating coupling J_imp < 0 exceeds a threshold J_c > 0, the ground state
becomes two-fold degenerate, corresponding to either clockwise or anticlockwise
canting of the spins in the vicinity of the impurity bond. In the presence of a
small concentration of impurity bonds, the effective low-energy Hamiltonian is
that of Ising variables encoding the sense of rotation of the local canting
around the impurities. Those degrees of freedom interact through a dipolar
interaction mediated by spin waves. A ferromagnetic Ising ground state
indicates the instability of the XY ferromagnet towards a spiral state with a
wave vector proportional to the concentration of impurity bonds. To analyze
under which circumstances such a ground state arises, we study first impurities
forming superlattices. For a subclass of those, we can rigorously establish the
existence of spiral order. For another class of superlattices, the Ising
variables order ferromagnetically in planes perpendicular to the orientation of
impurity bonds, but antiferromagnetically parallel to it, which results in a
fan-like XY ground state. Second, we consider the case when the impurity bonds
are randomly distributed on the three-dimensional host lattice according to a
Poisson process. We show the phenomenon of spiral order by disorder with an
ordering wave vector proportional to the impurity concentration. The analytical
predictions are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations and are relevant for
magnetic materials such as YBaCuFeO_5.


title:
Single-Field Inflation and the Local Ansatz: Distinguishability and
  Consistency

abstract:
  The single-field consistency conditions and the local ansatz have played
separate but important roles in characterizing the non-Gaussian signatures of
single- and multifield inflation respectively. We explore the precise
relationship between these two approaches and their predictions. We demonstrate
that the predictions of the single-field consistency conditions can never be
satisfied by a general local ansatz with deviations necessarily arising at
order $(n_s-1)^2$. This implies that there is, in principle, a minimum
difference between single- and (fully local) multifield inflation in
observables sensitive to the squeezed limit such as scale-dependent halo bias.
We also explore some potential observational implications of the consistency
conditions and its relationship to the local ansatz. In particular, we propose
a new scheme to test the consistency relations. In analogy with delensing of
the cosmic microwave background, one can deproject the coupling of the long
wavelength modes with the short wavelength modes and test for residual
anomalous coupling.


title:
First-Principles Study on Preferential Energetics of Mg-based Ternary
  Alloys Revisited by Short-Range Order in Disordered Phases

abstract:
  To investigate the formation of Mg-based long-period stacking ordered (LPSO)
structure, we systematically study the preference of the short-range order
(SRO) in metastable disordered phases of Mg-RE-Zn (RE = Y, La, Er, Ho, Dy, Tb)
and Mg-Gd-Al ternary alloy systems through first-principles calculation. RE-Zn
(RE = Y, Er, Ho, Dy, Tb) and Gd-Al pair clusters' probability showed the
tendency of increasing. In contrast, La-Zn pair clusters' probability is not
increasing, whose system dose not form LPSO structure. This preference of SRO
in disordered phases of Mg-based ternary alloys certainly indicates that
peculiar L12-type ordering in LPSO as well as possibility of LPSO formation
should have strong correlation with SRO tendency of energetically competitive
disordered phases.


title: Game of Power Allocation on Networks

abstract:
  This paper develops a distributed resource allocation game to study
countries' pursuit of targets such as self-survival in the networked
international environment. The contributions are two. First, the game
formalizes countries' power allocation behaviors which fall into the broad
category of humans resource allocation behaviors. Second, the game presents a
new technical problem, and establishes pure strategy Nash equilibrium
existence.


title:
High quality electron bunch generation using a longitudinal
  density-tailored plasma-based accelerator in the three-dimensional blowout
  regime

abstract:
  The generation of very high quality electron bunches (high brightness and low
energy spread) from a plasma-based accelerator in the three-dimensional blowout
regime using self-injection in tailored plasma density profiles is analyzed
theoretically and with particle-in-cell simulations. The underlying physical
mechanism that leads to the generation of high quality electrons is uncovered
by tracking the trajectories of the electrons as they cross the sheath and are
trapped by the wake. Details on how the intensity of the driver and the density
scale-length of the plasma control the ultimate beam quality are described.
Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations indicate that this concept has
the potential to produce beams with peak brightnesses between $10^{20}$ and
$10^{21}$ $\mathrm{A}/\mathrm{m}^2/\mathrm{rad}^2$and with absolute projected
energy spreads of $\sim 0.3~\mathrm{MeV}$ using existing lasers or electron
beams to drive nonlinear wakefields.


title: LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$: a tale of two magnetisms

abstract:
  This book chapter reviews the experimental evidence for magnetic phenomena at
the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. We argue that essentially all of the signatures of
magnetism can be sorted into two distinct categories: (1) magnetic phases
(e.g., ferromagnetic or Kondo) involving local magnetic moments and their
coupling to itinerant electrons; (2) metamagnetic effects that are mediated by
attractive electron-electron interactions that do not involve local moments. We
review possible candidates for the local moments that give rise to the
ferromagnetic phases and focus on arguments for one potential source: oxygen
vacancies. For the metamagnetic transport signatures, band-structure effects
(e.g., Lifshitz transition) and strong attractive electron-electron interaction
can help consolidate disparate experimental findings.


title:
Adaptive Neuron Apoptosis for Accelerating Deep Learning on Large Scale
  Systems

abstract:
  We present novel techniques to accelerate the convergence of Deep Learning
algorithms by conducting low overhead removal of redundant neurons -- apoptosis
of neurons -- which do not contribute to model learning, during the training
phase itself. We provide in-depth theoretical underpinnings of our heuristics
(bounding accuracy loss and handling apoptosis of several neuron types), and
present the methods to conduct adaptive neuron apoptosis. Specifically, we are
able to improve the training time for several datasets by 2-3x, while reducing
the number of parameters by up to 30x (4-5x on average) on datasets such as
ImageNet classification. For the Higgs Boson dataset, our implementation
improves the accuracy (measured by Area Under Curve (AUC)) for classification
from 0.88/1 to 0.94/1, while reducing the number of parameters by 3x in
comparison to existing literature. The proposed methods achieve a 2.44x speedup
in comparison to the default (no apoptosis) algorithm.


title: The Software Atom

abstract:
  By putting together an abstract view on quantum mechanics and a
quantum-optics picture of the interactions of an atom with light, we develop a
corresponding set of C++ classes that set up the numerical analysis of an atom
with an arbitrary set of angular-momentum degenerate energy levels, arbitrary
light fields, and an applied magnetic field. As an example, we develop and
implement perturbation theory to compute the polarizability of an atom in an
experimentally relevant situation.


title: On Delta Graphs and Delta Conjecture

abstract:
  In this paper we define two infinite families of graphs called C-$\delta$
graphs and $\delta$- graph and prove that $\delta$-graphs satisfy $\delta$
conjecture. Also we introduce a family of C-$\delta$ graphs from which we can
identify $\delta$ graphs as their complements. Finally we give a list of
C-$\delta$ graphs and the relationship with their minimum semidefinite rank.


title: A possible quantum fluid-dynamical approach to vortex motion in nuclei

abstract:
  The essential point of Bohr-Mottelson theory is to assume a irrotational
flow. As was already suggested by Marumori and Watanabe, the internal
rotational motion, i.e., the vortex motion, however, may exist also in nuclei.
So, we have a necessity of taking the vortex motion into consideration. In a
classical fluid dynamics, there are various ways to treat the internal
rotational velocity. The Clebsch representation, v(x) = -\nabla \phi(x) +
\lambda(x) \nabla \psi(x) (\phi ; velocity potential, \lambda and \psi: Clebsch
parameters) is very powerful and has an advantage deriving equations of fluid
motion from a Lagransian. Making the best use of the advantage,
Kronig-Thellung, Ziman and Ito obtained a Hamiltonian including the internal
rotational motion, the vortex motion, through the term \lambda(x) \nabla
\psi(x). Going to quantum fluid dynamics, Ziman and Thellung finally derived a
roton spectrum of liquid Helium II postulated by Landau. Is it possible to
apply such the manner to a description of the collective vortex motion in
nuclei? The description of such a collective motion has never been treated in
the Bohr-Mottelson model (BMM) for a long time. In this paper, we will
investigate a possibility of describing the vortex motion in nuclei basing on
the theories of Ziman and Ito together with Marumori's work.


title:
Permanent Electric Dipole Moments of Single-, Two-, and Three-Nucleon
  Systems

abstract:
  A nonzero electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutron, proton, deuteron or
helion, in fact, of any finite system necessarily involves the breaking of a
symmetry, either by the presence of external fields (i.e. electric fields
leading to the case of induced EDMs) or explicitly by the breaking of the
discrete parity and time-reflection symmetries in the case of permanent EDMs.
We discuss two theorems describing these phenomena and report about the
cosmological motivation for an existence of CP breaking beyond what is
generated by the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism in the Standard Model and what
this might imply for the permanent electric dipole moments of the nucleon and
light nuclei by estimating a window of opportunity for physics beyond what is
currently known. Recent - and in the case of the deuteron even unpublished -
results for the relevant matrix elements of nuclear EDM operators are presented
and the relevance for disentangling underlying New Physics sources are
discussed.


title:
A dynamic approach merging network theory and credit risk techniques to
  assess systemic risk in financial networks

abstract:
  The interconnectedness of financial institutions affects instability and
credit crises. To quantify systemic risk we introduce here the PD model, a
dynamic model that combines credit risk techniques with a contagion mechanism
on the network of exposures among banks. A potential loss distribution is
obtained through a multi-period Monte Carlo simulation that considers the
probability of default (PD) of the banks and their tendency of defaulting in
the same time interval. A contagion process increases the PD of banks exposed
toward distressed counterparties. The systemic risk is measured by statistics
of the loss distribution, while the contribution of each node is quantified by
the new measures PDRank and PDImpact. We illustrate how the model works on the
network of the European Global Systemically Important Banks. For a certain
range of the banks' capital and of their assets volatility, our results reveal
the emergence of a strong contagion regime where lower default correlation
between banks corresponds to higher losses. This is the opposite of the
diversification benefits postulated by standard credit risk models used by
banks and regulators who could therefore underestimate the capital needed to
overcome a period of crisis, thereby contributing to the financial system
instability.


title: Decay of correlations for maximal measure of maps derived from Anosov

abstract:
  It was proven by Ures that $C^1$ diffeomorphism on three dimensional torus
that is derived from Anosov admits a unique maximal measure. Here we show that
the maximal measure has exponential decay of correlations for H\"older
observables, assuming the middle eigenvalue of the linear Anosov model is
contracting.


title:
Broken symmetry states in bilayer graphene in electric and in-plane
  magnetic fields

abstract:
  Broken symmetry states in bilayer graphene in perpendicular electric
$E_\perp$ and in-plane magnetic $B_\parallel$ fields are studied in the
presence of the dynamically screened long-range Coulomb interaction and the
symmetry-breaking contact four-fermion interactions. The integral gap equations
are solved numerically, and it is shown that the momentum dependence of gaps is
essential: It diminishes by an order of magnitude the gaps compared to the case
of momentum-independent approximation, and the obtained gap magnitudes are
found to agree well with existing experimental values. We derived a phase
diagram of bilayer graphene at the neutrality point in the plane
$(B_\parallel,E_\perp)$ showing that the (canted) layer antiferromagnetic (LAF)
state remains a stable ground state of the system at large $B_\parallel$. On
the other hand, while the LAF phase is realized at small values of $E_{\perp}$,
the quantum valley Hall (QVH) phase is the ground state of the system at values
$E_{\perp}>E_{cr}(B_\parallel)$, where a critical value $E_{cr}(B_\parallel)$
increases with in-plane magnetic field $B_{||}$.


title: Anisotropic finite elements for elliptic problems with singular data

abstract:
  We study the problem $-\Delta u = \gamma$, where $\gamma$ is a singular
measure, with support on a curve or a point. We prove that optimal rates of
convergence for the finite element method can be obtained using properly graded
meshes. In particular, we consider isotropic graded meshes when $\gamma$ is a
point Dirac delta, and anisotropic graded meshes when $\gamma$ is a measure
supported on a segment. Numerical experiments are shown that verify our
results, and lead to interesting observations.


title: Higher critical points in a free boundary problem

abstract:
  We study higher critical points of the variational functional associated with
a free boundary problem related to plasma confinement. Existence and regularity
of minimizers in elliptic free boundary problems have already been studied
extensively. But because the functionals are not smooth, standard variational
methods cannot be used directly to prove the existence of higher critical
points. Here we find a nontrivial critical point of mountain pass type and
prove many of the same estimates known for minimizers, including Lipschitz
continuity and nondegeneracy. We then show that the free boundary is smooth in
dimension 2 and prove partial regularity in higher dimensions.


title:
Continuum approach for long-wavelength acoustic phonons in quasi-2D
  structures

abstract:
  As an alternative to atomistic calculations of long-wavelength acoustic modes
of atomically thin layers, which are known to converge very slowly, we propose
a quantitatively predictive and physically intuitive approach based on
continuum elasticity theory. We describe a layer, independent of its thickness,
by a membrane, characterize its elastic behavior by a $(3{\times}3)$ elastic
matrix as well as the flexural rigidity. We present simple quantitative
expressions for frequencies of long-wavelength acoustic modes, which we
determine using 2D elastic constants calculated by {\em ab initio} Density
Functional Theory. The calculated spectra accurately reproduce observed and
calculated long-wavelength phonon spectra of graphene and phosphorene, the
monolayer of black phosphorus. Our approach also correctly describes the
observed dependence of the radial breathing mode frequency on the diameter of
carbon fullerenes and nanotubes.


title:
The quest for the largest depleted galaxy core: supermassive black hole
  binaries and stalled in-falling satellites

abstract:
  Partially-depleted cores are practically ubiquitous in luminous early-type
galaxies (M$_{B}\lesssim-$20.5 mag), and typically smaller than 1 kpc. In one
popular scenario, supermassive black hole binaries --- established during dry
(i.e. gas-poor) galaxy mergers --- kick out the stars from a galaxy's central
region via three-body interactions. Here, this "binary black hole scouring
scenario" is probed at its extremes by investigating the two galaxies reported
to have the largest partially-depleted cores found to date:
2MASX~J09194427+5622012 and 2MASX~J17222717+3207571 (the brightest galaxy in
Abell~2261). We have fit these galaxy's two-dimensional light distribution
using the core-S\'{e}rsic model, and found that the former galaxy has a
core-S\'{e}rsic break radius $R_{b,cS}=0.55$~kpc, three times smaller than the
published value. We use this galaxy to caution that other reportedly large
break radii may too have been over-estimated if they were derived using the
"sharp-transition" (inner core)-to-(outer S\'{e}rsic) model. In the case of
2MASX~J17222717+3207571, we obtain $R_{b,cS}=3.6$~kpc. While we confirm that
this is the biggest known partially-depleted core of any galaxy, we stress that
it is larger than expected from the evolution of supermassive black hole
binaries --- unless one invokes substantial gravitational-wave-induced (black
hole)-recoil events. Given the presence of multiple nuclei located (in
projection) within the core radius of this galaxy, we explored and found
support for the alternative "stalled infalling perturber" core-formation
scenario, in which this galaxy's core could have been excavated by the action
of an infalling massive perturber.


title: Detection of Water and/or Hydroxyl on Asteroid (16) Psyche

abstract:
  In order to search for evidence of hydration on M-type asteroid (16) Psyche,
we observed this object in the 3 micron spectral region using the
long-wavelength cross-dispersed (LXD: 1.9-4.2 micron) mode of the SpeX
spectrograph/imager at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). Our
observations show that Psyche exhibits a 3 micron absorption feature,
attributed to water or hydroxyl. The 3 micron absorption feature is consistent
with the hydration features found on the surfaces of water-rich asteroids,
attributed to OH- and/or H2O-bearing phases (phyllosilicates). The detection of
a 3 micron hydration absorption band on Psyche suggests that this asteroid may
not be metallic core, or it could be a metallic core that has been impacted by
carbonaceous material over the past 4.5 Gyr. Our results also indicate
rotational spectral variations, which we suggest reflect heterogeneity in the
metal/silicate ratio on the surface of Psyche.


title:
Measurement of the topological surface state optical conductance in
  bulk-insulating Sn-doped Bi$_{1.1}$Sb$_{0.9}$Te$_2$S single crystals

abstract:
  Topological surface states have been extensively observed via optics in thin
films of topological insulators. However, in typical thick single crystals of
these materials, bulk states are dominant and it is difficult for optics to
verify the existence of topological surface states definitively. In this work,
we studied the charge dynamics of the newly formulated bulk-insulating Sn-doped
Bi$_{1.1}$Sb$_{0.9}$Te$_2$S crystal by using time-domain terahertz
spectroscopy. This compound shows much better insulating behavior than any
other bulk-insulating topological insulators reported previously. The
transmission can be enhanced an amount which is 5$\%$ of the zero-field
transmission by applying magnetic field to 7 T, an effect which we believe is
due to the suppression of topological surface states. This suppression is
essentially independent of the thicknesses of the samples, showing the
two-dimensional nature of the transport. The suppression of surface states in
field allows us to use the crystal slab itself as a reference sample to extract
the surface conductance, mobility, charge density and scattering rate. Our
measurements set the stage for the investigation of phenomena out of the
semi-classical regime, such as the topological magneto-electric effect.


title: A framework for simulation and inversion in electromagnetics

abstract:
  Simulations and inversions of electromagnetic geophysical data are paramount
for discerning meaningful information about the subsurface from these data.
Depending on the nature of the source electromagnetic experiments may be
classified as time-domain or frequency-domain. Multiple heterogeneous and
sometimes anisotropic physical properties, including electrical conductivity
and magnetic permeability, may need be considered in a simulation. Depending on
what one wants to accomplish in an inversion, the parameters which one inverts
for may be a voxel-based description of the earth or some parametric
representation that must be mapped onto a simulation mesh. Each of these
permutations of the electromagnetic problem has implications in a numerical
implementation of the forward simulation as well as in the computation of the
sensitivities, which are required when considering gradient-based inversions.
This paper proposes a framework for organizing and implementing electromagnetic
simulations and gradient-based inversions in a modular, extensible fashion. We
take an object-oriented approach for defining and organizing each of the
necessary elements in an electromagnetic simulation, including: the physical
properties, sources, formulation of the discrete problem to be solved, the
resulting fields and fluxes, and receivers used to sample to the
electromagnetic responses. A corresponding implementation is provided as part
of the open source simulation and parameter estimation project SimPEG
(http://simpeg.xyz). The application of the framework is demonstrated through
two synthetic examples and one field example.


title:
Generalizations of the Matching Polynomial to the Multivariate
  Independence Polynomial

abstract:
  We generalize two main theorems of matching polynomials of undirected simple
graphs, namely, real-rootedness and the Heilmann-Lieb root bound. Viewing the
matching polynomial of a graph $G$ as the independence polynomial of the line
graph of $G$, we determine conditions for the extension of these theorems to
the independence polynomial of any graph. In particular, we show that a
stability-like property of the multivariate independence polynomial
characterizes claw-freeness. Finally, we give and extend multivariate versions
of Godsil's theorems on the divisibility of matching polynomials of trees
related to $G$.


title:
An interactive, comparative and quantitative 3D visualization system for
  large-scale spectral-cube surveys using CAVE2

abstract:
  As the quantity and resolution of spectral-cubes from optical/infrared and
radio surveys increase, desktop-based visualization and analysis solutions must
adapt and evolve. Novel immersive 3D environments such as the CAVE2 at Monash
University can overcome personal computer's visualization limitations. CAVE2 is
part advanced 2D/3D visualization space (80 stereo-capable screens providing a
total of 84 million pixels) and part supercomputer ($\sim100$ TFLOPS of
integrated GPU-based processing power). We present a novel visualization system
enabling simultaneous 3D comparative visualization of $\sim100$ spectral-cubes.
With CAVE2 augmented by our newly developed web-based controller interface,
astronomers can easily organise spectral-cubes on the different display panels,
apply real-time transforms to one or many spectral cubes, and request
quantitative information about the displayed data. We also discuss how such a
solution can help accelerate the discovery rate in varied research scenarios.


title: A Galois-dynamics correspondence for unicritical polynomials

abstract:
  In an analogy with the Galois homothety property for torsion points of
abelian varieties that was used in the proof of the Mordell-Lang conjecture, we
describe a correspondence between the action of a Galois group and the
dynamical action of a rational map. For nonlinear polynomials with rational
coefficients, the irreducibility of the associated dynatomic polynomial serves
as a convenient criterion, although we also verify that the correspondence
occurs in several cases when the dynatomic polynomial is reducible. The work of
Morton, Morton-Patel, and Vivaldi-Hatjispyros in the early 1990s connected the
irreducibility and Galois-theoretic properties of dynatomic polynomials to
rational periodic points; from the Galois-dynamics correspondence, we derive
similar consequences for quadratic periodic points of unicritical polynomials.
This is sufficient to deduce the non-existence of quadratic periodic points of
quadratic polynomials with exact period 5 and 6, outside of a specified finite
set from Morton and Krumm's work in explicit Hilbert irreducibility.


title: The additive completion of the biset category

abstract:
  Let $R$ be a commutative unital ring. We construct a category $\mathcal{C}_R$
of fractions $X/G$, where $G$ is a finite group and $X$ is a finite $G$-set,
and with morphisms given by $R$-linear combinations of spans of bisets. This
category is an additive, symmetric monoidal and self-dual category, with a
Krull-Schmidt decomposition for objects. We show that $\mathcal{C}_R$ is
equivalent to the additive completion of the biset category and that the
category of biset functors over $R$ is equivalent to the category of $R$-linear
functors from $\mathcal{C}_R$ to $R$-Mod. We also show that the restriction of
one of these functors to a certain subcategory of $\mathcal{C}_R$ is a fused
Mackey functor.


title: The 1/3-2/3 Conjecture for ordered sets whose cover graph is a forest

abstract:
  A balanced pair in an ordered set $P=(V,\leq)$ is a pair $(x,y)$ of elements
of $V$ such that the proportion of linear extensions of $P$ that put $x$ before
$y$ is in the real interval $[1/3, 2/3]$. We define the notion of a good pair
and claim any ordered set that has a good pair will satisfy the conjecture and
furthermore every ordered set which is not totally ordered and has a forest as
its cover graph has a good pair.


title:
Sub-amorphous thermal conductivity in amorphous heterogeneous
  nanocomposites

abstract:
  Pure amorphous solids are traditionally considered to set the lower bound of
thermal conductivity due to their disordered atomic structure that impedes
vibrational energy transport. However, the lower limits for thermal
conductivity in heterogeneous amorphous solids and the physical mechanisms
underlying these limits remain unclear. Here, we use equilibrium molecular
dynamics to show that an amorphous SiGe nanocomposite can possess thermal
conductivity substantially lower than those of the amorphous Si and Ge
constituents. Normal mode analysis indicates that the presence of the Ge
inclusion localizes vibrational modes with frequency above the Ge cutoff in the
Si host, drastically reducing their ability to transport heat. This observation
suggests a general route to achieve exceptionally low thermal conductivity in
fully dense solids by restricting the vibrational density of states available
for transport in heterogeneous amorphous nanocomposites.


title:
Localization and chaos in a spin glass model with random fields: Mapping
  to the localization problem in a Bethe lattice with a correlated disorder

abstract:
  The analytical solution of a many-body localization problem in a quantum
Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model in a random longitudinal field is
proposed matching the problem with a model of Anderson localization in a Bethe
lattice. The localization transition is dramatically sensitive to the
relationship between interspin interaction and random field revealing different
regimes in which the interaction can either suppress or enhance the
delocalization. The localization is enhanced by decreasing the temperature and
the localization transition shows a remarkable universality in a spin glass
phase. The observed trends should be qualitatively relevant for other systems
showing many-body localization.


title:
Rigidity of Bott-Samelson-Demazure-Hansen variety for $PSp(2n, \mathbb
  C)$

abstract:
  Let $G=PSp(2n, \mathbb C)(n\geq 3)$ and $B$ be a Borel subgroup of $G$
containing a maximal torus $T$ of $G$. Let $w$ be an element of the Weyl group
$W$ and $X(w)$ be the Schubert variety in the flag variety $G/B$ corresponding
to $w$. Let $Z(w,\underline i)$ be the Bott-Samelson-Demazure-Hansen variety
(the desingularization of $X(w)$) corresponding to a reduced expression
$\underline i$ of $w$. In this article, we study the cohomology groups of the
tangent bundle on $Z(w_0, \underline i)$, where $w_0$ is the longest element of
the Weyl group $W$. We describe all the reduced expressions $\underline i$ of
$w_0$ in terms of a Coxeter element such that all the higher cohomology groups
of the tangent bundle on $Z(w_0, \underline i)$ vanish.


title: Demand Dispatch with Heterogeneous Intelligent Loads

abstract:
  A distributed control architecture is presented that is intended to make a
collection of heterogeneous loads appear to the grid operator as a nearly
perfect battery. Local control is based on randomized decision rules advocated
in prior research, and extended in this paper to any load with a discrete
number of power states. Additional linear filtering at the load ensures that
the input-output dynamics of the aggregate has a nearly flat input-output
response: the behavior of an ideal, multi-GW battery system.


title: Second Minimal Orbits, Sharkovski Ordering and Universality in Chaos

abstract:
  This paper introduces the notion of second minimal $n$-periodic orbit of the
continuous map on the interval according as if $n$ is a successor of the
minimal period of the map in Sharkovski ordering. We pursue classification of
second minimal $7$-orbits in terms of cyclic permutations and digraphs. It is
proved that there are 9 types of second minimal orbits with accuracy up to
inverses. The result is applied to the problem on the distribution of periodic
windows within the chaotic regime of the bifurcation diagram of the
one-parameter family of unimodal maps. It is revealed that by fixing the
maximum number of appearances of the periodic windows there is a universal
pattern of distribution. In particular, the first appearance of all the orbits
is always a minimal orbit, while the second appearance is a second minimal
orbit. It is observed that the second appearance of 7-orbit is a second minimal
7-orbit with Type 1 digraph. The reason for the relevance of the Type 1 second
minimal orbit is the fact that the topological structure of the unimodal map
with single maximum is equivalent to the structure of the Type 1 piecewise
monotonic endomorphism associated with the second minimal 7-orbit. Yet another
important report of this paper is the revelation of the universal pattern
dynamics with respect to increased number of appearances.


title: Tur\'an number and decomposition number of intersecting odd cycles

abstract:
  An extremal graph for a given graph $H$ is a graph on $n$ vertices with
maximum number of edges that does not contain $H$ as a subgraph. Let $s,t$ be
integers and let $H_{s,t}$ be a graph consisting of $s$ triangles and $t$
cycles of odd lengths at least 5 which intersect in exactly one common vertex.
Erd\H{o}s et al. (1995) determined the extremal graphs for $H_{s,0}$. Recently,
Hou et al. (2016) determined the extremal graphs for $H_{0,t}$, where the $t$
cycles have the same odd length $q$ with $q\ge 5$. In this paper, we further
determine the extremal graphs for $H_{s,t}$ with $s\ge 0$ and $t\ge 1$. Let
$\phi(n,H)$ be the largest integer such that, for all graphs $G$ on $n$
vertices, the edge set $E(G)$ can be partitioned into at most $\phi(n, H)$
parts, of which every part either is a single edge or forms a graph isomorphic
to $H$. Pikhurko and Sousa conjectured that $\phi(n,H)=\ex(n,H)$ for
$\chi(H)\geqs3$ and all sufficiently large $n$. Liu and Sousa (2015) verified
the conjecture for $H_{s,0}$. In this paper, we further verify Pikhurko and
Sousa's conjecture for $H_{s,t}$ with $s\ge 0$ and $t\ge 1$.


title:
Functorial relationship between multirings and the various abstract
  theories of quadratic forms

abstract:
  We provide, explicitly, equivalences and dual equivalences between categories
of abstract quadratic forms theories and subcategories of multifields and
multirings, that will bring new perspectives and methods to the abstract
theories of quadratic forms in forthcoming papers.


abstract:
  We determine obstructedness or unobstructedness of (holomorphic) Poisson
deformations of ruled surfaces over an elliptic curve.


title:
The Long Bond, Long Forward Measure and Long-Term Factorization in
  Heath-Jarrow-Morton Models

abstract:
  This paper proves existence of the long bond, long forward measure and
long-term factorization of the stochastic discount factor (SDF) of Alvarez and
Jermann (2005) and Hansen and Scheinkman (2009) in Heath-Jarrow-Morton (HJM)
models in the function space framework of Filipovic (2001). A sufficient
condition on the weight in the Hilbert space of forward rate volatility curves
is given that ensures existence of the long bond volatility process, the long
bond process and the long-term factorization of the SDF into discounting at the
rate of return on the long bond and a martingale component defining the long
forward measure, the long-term limit of T-forward measures.


title:
Fluctuation signatures of rotation reversals and non-local transport
  events in KSTAR L-mode plasmas

abstract:
  Experiments of electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH) power scan in KSTAR
tokamak clearly demonstrate that both the cut-off density for non-local heat
transport (NLT) and the threshold density for intrinsic rotation reversal can
be determined by the collisionality. We demonstrate that NLT can be affected by
ECH, and the intrinsic rotation direction follows the changes of NLT. The
cut-off density of NLT and threshold density for rotation reversal can be
significantly extended by ECH. The poloidal flow of turbulence in core plasma
is in the electron and the ion diamagnetic direction in ECH plasmas and high
density OH plasma, respectively. The auto-power spectra of density fluctuation
are almost the same in the outer region for both ECH and OH plasmas. On the
other hand, in the core region of ECH plasmas, the power spectra of the density
fluctuations are broader than those of OH plasma. All these observations in
macroscopic parameters and micro fluctuations suggest a possible link between
the macro phenomena and the structural changes in micro-fluctuations.


title: Noise Filtering and Prediction in Biological Signaling Networks

abstract:
  Information transmission in biological signaling circuits has often been
described using the metaphor of a noise filter. Cellular systems need accurate,
real-time data about their environmental conditions, but the biochemical
reaction networks that propagate, amplify, and process signals work with noisy
representations of that data. Biology must implement strategies that not only
filter the noise, but also predict the current state of the environment based
on information delayed due to the finite speed of chemical signaling. The idea
of a biochemical noise filter is actually more than just a metaphor: we
describe recent work that has made an explicit mathematical connection between
signaling fidelity in cellular circuits and the classic theories of optimal
noise filtering and prediction that began with Wiener, Kolmogorov, Shannon, and
Bode. This theoretical framework provides a versatile tool, allowing us to
derive analytical bounds on the maximum mutual information between the
environmental signal and the real-time estimate constructed by the system. It
helps us understand how the structure of a biological network, and the response
times of its components, influences the accuracy of that estimate. The theory
also provides insights into how evolution may have tuned enzyme kinetic
parameters and populations to optimize information transfer.


title:
Finite-time degeneration of hyperbolicity without blowup for quasilinear
  wave equations

abstract:
  In three spatial dimensions, we study the Cauchy problem for the model wave
equation $- \partial_t^2 \Psi + (1 + \Psi)^P \Delta \Psi = 0$ for $P \in
\lbrace 1,2 \rbrace$. We exhibit a stable form of finite-time Tricomi-type
degeneracy formation that has not previously been studied for quasilinear wave
equations. Specifically, using only energy methods and ODE-type techniques, we
exhibit an open (in an appropriate Sobolev topology) set of data such that
$\Psi$ is initially near $0$ while $1 + \Psi$ vanishes in finite time. In fact,
generic data profiles, when appropriately rescaled, lead to the vanishing of $1
+ \Psi$ in finite time. The solution remains regular up to the degeneracy in
the following sense: there is a high-order energy, featuring degenerate weights
only at the top order, that remains bounded up to the time of first vanishing.
When $P=1$, we show that any $C^1$ extension of $\Psi$ to the future of a point
where $1 + \Psi = 0$ must exit the regime of hyperbolicity. Moreover, the
Kretschmann scalar (which is a curvature invariant) of the Lorentzian metric
corresponding to the wave equation blows up at those points. In particular, our
results show that curvature blowup for the metric of a quasilinear wave
equation does not always coincide with singularity formation in the solution
variable. Similar phenomena occur when $P=2$, but in this case, the vanishing
of $1 + \Psi$ corresponds only to a breakdown in the strict hyperbolicity of
the equation.


title: Large deviation principle in one-dimensional dynamics

abstract:
  We study the dynamics of smooth interval maps with non-flat critical points.
For every such a map that is topologically exact, we establish the full
(level-2) Large Deviation Principle for empirical means. In particular, the
Large Deviation Principle holds for every non\nobreakdash-renormalizable
quadratic map. This includes the maps without physical measure found by
Hofbauer and Keller, and challenges the widely-shared view of the Large
Deviation Principle as a refinement of laws of large numbers.


title:
An adaptive fast multipole accelerated Poisson solver for complex
  geometries

abstract:
  We present a fast, direct and adaptive Poisson solver for complex
two-dimensional geometries based on potential theory and fast multipole
acceleration. More precisely, the solver relies on the standard decomposition
of the solution as the sum of a volume integral to account for the source
distribution and a layer potential to enforce the desired boundary condition.
The volume integral is computed by applying the FMM on a square box that
encloses the domain of interest. For the sake of efficiency and convergence
acceleration, we first extend the source distribution (the right-hand side in
the Poisson equation) to the enclosing box as a $C^0$ function using a fast,
boundary integral-based method. We demonstrate on multiply connected domains
with irregular boundaries that this continuous extension leads to high accuracy
without excessive adaptive refinement near the boundary and, as a result, to an
extremely efficient "black box" fast solver.


title: Real Time Fine-Grained Categorization with Accuracy and Interpretability

abstract:
  A well-designed fine-grained categorization system usually has three
contradictory requirements: accuracy (the ability to identify objects among
subordinate categories); interpretability (the ability to provide
human-understandable explanation of recognition system behavior); and
efficiency (the speed of the system). To handle the trade-off between accuracy
and interpretability, we propose a novel "Deeper Part-Stacked CNN" architecture
armed with interpretability by modeling subtle differences between object
parts. The proposed architecture consists of a part localization network, a
two-stream classification network that simultaneously encodes object-level and
part-level cues, and a feature vectors fusion component. Specifically, the part
localization network is implemented by exploring a new paradigm for key point
localization that first samples a small number of representable pixels and then
determine their labels via a convolutional layer followed by a softmax layer.
We also use a cropping layer to extract part features and propose a scale
mean-max layer for feature fusion learning. Experimentally, our proposed method
outperform state-of-the-art approaches both in part localization task and
classification task on Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011. Moreover, by adopting a set
of sharing strategies between the computation of multiple object parts, our
single model is fairly efficient running at 32 frames/sec.