title:
Entanglement entropy for pure gauge theories in 1+1 dimensions using the
  lattice regularization

abstract:
  We study the entanglement entropy (EE) for pure gauge theories in 1+1
dimensions with the lattice regularization. Using the definition of the EE for
lattice gauge theories proposed in a previous paper [1] (S. Aoki, T. Iritani,
M. Nozaki, T. Numasawa, N. Shiba and H. Tasaki, JHEP 1506 (2015) 187), we
calculate the EE for arbitrary pure as well as mixed states in terms of
eigenstates of the transfer matrix in 1+1 dimensional lattice gauge theory. We
find that the EE of an arbitrary pure state does not depend on the lattice
spacing, thus giving the EE in the continuum limit, and show that the EE for an
arbitrary pure state is independent of the real (Minkowski) time evolution. We
also explicitly demonstrate the dependence of EE on the gauge fixing at the
boundaries between two subspaces, which was pointed out for general cases in
the paper [1]. In addition, we calculate the EE at zero as well as finite
temperature by the replica method, and show that our result in the continuum
limit corresponds to the result obtained before in the continuum theory, with a
specific value of the counter term, which is otherwise arbitrary in the
continuum calculation. We confirm the gauge dependence of the EE also for the
replica method.


title:
An lp-boundedness of stochastic singular integral operators and its
  application to spdes

abstract:
  In this article we introduce a stochastic counterpart of the H\"ormander
condtion on the kernel $K(r,t,x,y)$: there exists a pseudo-metric $\rho$ on
$(0,\infty)\times R^d$ and a positive constant $C_0$ such that for $X=(t,x),
Y=(s,y), Z=(r,z) \in (0,\infty) \times R^d$, $$ \sup_{X,Y}\int_{0}^\infty
\left[ \int_{\rho(X,Z) \geq C_0 \rho(X,Y)} | K(r,t, z,x) - K(r,s, z,y)|
~dz\right]^2 dr <\infty. $$
  We prove that the stochastic singular integral of the type $$ \mathbb{T}
g(t,x) :=\int_0^{t} \int_{R^d} K(t,s,x,y) g(s,y)dy dW_s $$ is a bounded
operator on $\mathbb{L}_p=L_p(\Omega \times (0,\infty); L_{p}(R^d))$ for any
$p\geq 2$ if it is bounded when $p=2$ and stochastic H\"ormander condition
holds. Here $\Omega$ is a probability space and $W_t$ is a Wiener process on
$\Omega$. Proving the $L_p$-boundedness of such integral operators is the key
step in constructing an $L_p$-theory for linear stochastic partial differential
equations (SPDEs in short).
  As a byproduct of our result on stochastic singular operators we obtain the
maximal $L_p$-regularity result for a very wide class of SPDEs.


title:
Probabilistic Medium Access Control for Full-Duplex Networks with
  Half-Duplex Clients

abstract:
  The feasibility of practical in-band full-duplex radios has recently been
demonstrated experimentally. One way to leverage full-duplex in a network
setting is to enable three-node full-duplex, where a full- duplex access point
(AP) transmits data to one node yet simultaneously receives data from another
node. Such three-node full-duplex communication however introduces inter-client
interference, directly impacting the full-duplex gain. It hence may not always
be beneficial to enable three-node full-duplex transmissions. In this paper, we
present a distributed full-duplex medium access control (MAC) protocol that
allows an AP to adaptively switch between full-duplex and half-duplex modes. We
formulate a model that determines the probabilities of full-duplex and
half-duplex access so as to maximize the expected network throughput. A MAC
protocol is further proposed to enable the AP and clients to contend for either
full-duplex or half-duplex transmissions based on their assigned probabilities
in a distributed way. Our evaluation shows that, by combining the advantages of
centralized probabilistic scheduling and distributed random access, our design
improves the overall throughput by 2.70x and 1.53x, on average, as compared to
half-duplex 802.11 and greedy downlink-uplink client pairing.


title:
A Well-Balanced Unified Gas-Kinetic Scheme for Multiscale Flow Transport
  Under Gravitational Field

abstract:
  The gas dynamics under gravitational field is usually associated with the
multiple scale nature due to large density variation and a wide range of local
Knudsen number. It is chal- lenging to construct a reliable numerical algorithm
to accurately capture the non-equilibrium physical effect in different regimes.
In this paper, a well-balanced unified gas-kinetic scheme (UGKS) for all flow
regimes under gravitational field will be developed, which can be used for the
study of non-equilibrium gravitational gas system. The well-balanced scheme
here is defined as a method to evolve an isolated gravitational system under
any initial condition to an isothermal hydrostatic equilibrium state and to
keep such a solution. To preserve such a property is important for a numerical
scheme, which can be used for the study of slowly evolving gravitational
system, such as the formation of star and galaxy. Based on the Boltzmann model
with external forcing term, an analytic time evolving (or scale-dependent)
solution is constructed to provide the corresponding dynamics in the cell size
and time step scale, which is subsequently used in the construction of UGKS. As
a result, with the varia- tion of the ratio between the numerical time step and
local particle collision time, the UGKS is able to recover flow physics in
different regimes and provides a continuum spectrum of gas dynamics. For the
first time, the flow physics of a gravitational system in the transition regime
can be studied using the UGKS, and the non-equilibrium phenomena in such a
grav- itational system can be clearly identified. Many numerical examples will
be used to validate the scheme. New physical observation, such as the
correlation between the gravitational field and the heat flux in the transition
regime, will be presented. The current method provides an indispensable tool
for the study of non-equilibrium gravitational system.


title: Centralizer algebras of the group associated to ${\mathbb Z}_4$-codes

abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to investigate the finite group which appears in
the study of the Type II $\mathbf{Z}_4$-codes. To be precise, it is
characterized in terms of generators and relations, and we determine the
structure of the centralizer algebras of the tensor representations of this
group.


title:
A note on the quantization error for in-homogeneous self-similar
  measures

abstract:
  We further study the asymptotics of quantization errors for two classes of
in-homogeneous self-similar measures $\mu$. We give a new sufficient condition
for the upper quantization coefficient for $\mu$ to be finite. This, together
with our previous work, leads to a necessary and sufficient condition for the
upper and lower quantization coefficient of $\mu$ to be both positive and
finite. Furthermore, we determine (estimate) the convergence order of the
quantization error in case that the quantization coefficient is infinite.


title: Biharmonic functions on the special unitary group SU(2)

abstract:
  We construct new proper biharmonic functions defined on open and dense
subsets of the special unitary group SU(2). Then we employ a duality principle
to obtain new proper biharmonic functions from the non-compact 3-dimensional
hyperbolic space H^3.


title:
An operator-theoretic viewpoint to non-smooth dynamical systems: Koopman
  analysis of a hybrid pendulum

abstract:
  We apply an operator-theoretic viewpoint to a class of non-smooth dynamical
systems that are exposed to event-triggered state resets. The considered
benchmark problem is that of a pendulum which receives a downward kick under
certain fixed angles. The pendulum is modeled as a hybrid automaton and is
analyzed from both a geometric perspective and the formalism carried out by
Koopman operator theory. A connection is drawn between these two
interpretations of a dynamical system by means of establishing a link between
the spectral properties of the Koopman operator and the geometric properties in
the state-space.


title:
Preliminary results of CCD observations of Himalia at Yunnan
  Observatories in 2015

abstract:
  In order to study the potential in high precision CCD astrometry of irregular
satellites, we have made experimental observations for Himalia, the sixth and
irregular satellite of Jupiter. A total of 185 CCD observations were obtained
by using the 2.4 m telescope and 1 m telescope at Yunnan Observatories over ten
nights. Preliminary analysis for the observations were made, including the
geometric distortion, the atmospheric refraction, and also the phase effect.
All positions of Himalia are measured relative to the reference stars from the
catalogue UCAC4 in each CCD field of view. The theoretical positions of Himalia
were retrieved from the IMCCE, while the positions of Jupiter were obtained
based on the planetary theory INPOP13C. The results show that the mean (O-C)
(observed minus computed) residuals are -0.004 and -0.002 arcsec in right
ascension and declination, respectively. The standard deviation of (O-C)
residuals are estimated at about 0.04 arcsec in each direction.


title: Collective Intelligence for Smarter API Recommendations in Python

abstract:
  Software developers use Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) of
libraries and frameworks extensively while writing programs. In this context,
the recommendations provided in code completion pop-ups help developers choose
the desired methods. The candidate lists recommended by these tools, however,
tend to be large, ordered alphabetically and sometimes even incomplete. A fair
amount of work has been done recently to improve the relevance of these code
completion results, especially for statically typed languages like Java.
However, these proposed techniques rely on the static type of the object and
are therefore inapplicable for a dynamically typed language like Python. In
this paper, we present PyReco, an intelligent code completion system for Python
which uses the mined API usages from open source repositories to order the
results based on relevance rather than the conventional alphabetic order. To
recommend suggestions that are relevant for a working context, a nearest
neighbor classifier is used to identify the best matching usage among all the
extracted usage patterns. To evaluate the effectiveness of our system, the code
completion queries are automatically extracted from projects and tested
quantitatively using a ten-fold cross validation technique. The evaluation
shows that our approach outperforms the alphabetically ordered API
recommendation systems in recommending APIs for standard, as well as,
third-party libraries.


title: Rashba spin-splitting of single electrons and Cooper pairs

abstract:
  Electric weak links, the term used for those parts of an electrical circuit
that provide most of the resistance against the flow of an electrical current,
are important elements of many nanodevices. Quantum dots, nanowires and
nano-constrictions that bridge two bulk conductors (or superconductors) are
examples of such weak links. Here we consider nanostructures where the
electronic spin-orbit interaction is strong in the weak link but is unimportant
in the bulk conductors, and explore theoretically the role of the spin-orbit
active weak link (which we call a "Rashba spin splitter") as a source of new
spin-based functionality in both normal and superconducting devices. Some
recently predicted phenomena, including mechanically-controlled spin- and
charge currents as well as the effect of spin polarization of superconducting
Cooper pairs, are reviewed.


title: A Dictionary-based Approach to Racism Detection in Dutch Social Media

abstract:
  We present a dictionary-based approach to racism detection in Dutch social
media comments, which were retrieved from two public Belgian social media sites
likely to attract racist reactions. These comments were labeled as racist or
non-racist by multiple annotators. For our approach, three discourse
dictionaries were created: first, we created a dictionary by retrieving
possibly racist and more neutral terms from the training data, and then
augmenting these with more general words to remove some bias. A second
dictionary was created through automatic expansion using a \texttt{word2vec}
model trained on a large corpus of general Dutch text. Finally, a third
dictionary was created by manually filtering out incorrect expansions. We
trained multiple Support Vector Machines, using the distribution of words over
the different categories in the dictionaries as features. The best-performing
model used the manually cleaned dictionary and obtained an F-score of 0.46 for
the racist class on a test set consisting of unseen Dutch comments, retrieved
from the same sites used for the training set. The automated expansion of the
dictionary only slightly boosted the model's performance, and this increase in
performance was not statistically significant. The fact that the coverage of
the expanded dictionaries did increase indicates that the words that were
automatically added did occur in the corpus, but were not able to meaningfully
impact performance. The dictionaries, code, and the procedure for requesting
the corpus are available at: https://github.com/clips/hades


title: Subdwarf B stars from the common envelope ejection channel

abstract:
  From the canonical binary scenario, the majority of sdBs are produced from
low-mass stars with degenerate cores where helium is ignited in a way of
flashes. Due to numerical difficulties, the models of produced sdBs are
generally constructed from more massive stars with non-degenerate cores,
leaving several uncertainties on the exact characteristics of sdB stars.
Employing MESA, we systematically studied the characteristics of sdBs produced
from the common envelope (CE) ejection channel, and found that the sdB stars
produced from the CE ejection channel appear to form two distinct groups on the
effective temperature-gravity diagram. One group (the flash-mixing model)
almost has no H-rich envelope and crows at the hottest temperature end of the
extremely horizontal branch (EHB), while the other group has significant H-rich
envelope and spreads over the whole canonical EHB region. The key factor for
the dichotomy of the sdB properties is the development of convection during the
first helium flash, which is determined by the interior structure of the star
after the CE ejection. For a given initial stellar mass and a given core mass
at the onset of the CE, if the CE ejection stops early, the star has a
relatively massive H-rich envelope, resulting in a canonical sdB generally. The
fact of only a few short-orbital-period sdB binaries being in the flash-mixing
sdB region and the lack of He-rich sdBs in short-orbital-period binaries
indicate that the flash mixing is not very often in the products of the CE
ejection. A falling back process after the CE ejection, similar to that
happened in nova, is an appropriate way of increasing the envelope mass, then
prevents the flash mixing.


title: 1700 Forests

abstract:
  Since ordered trees and Dyck paths are equinumerous, so are ordered forests
and grand-Dyck paths that start with an upwards step.


title:
Chandra View of Magnetically Confined Wind in HD191612: Theory versus
  Observations

abstract:
  High-resolution spectra of the magnetic star HD191612 were acquired using the
Chandra X-ray observatory at both maximum and minimum emission phases. We
confirm the flux and hardness variations previously reported with XMM-Newton,
demonstrating the great repeatability of the behavior of HD191612 over a
decade. The line profiles appear typical for magnetic massive stars: no
significant line shift, relatively narrow lines for high-Z elements, and
formation radius at about 2R*. Line ratios confirm the softening of the X-ray
spectrum at the minimum emission phase. Shift or width variations appear of
limited amplitude at most (slightly lower velocity and slightly increased
broadening at minimum emission phase, but within 1--2 sigma of values at
maximum). In addition, a fully self-consistent 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
simulation of the confined wind in HD191612 was performed. The simulation
results were directly fitted to the data leading to a remarkable agreement
overall between them.


title:
Polar Coding Strategies for the Interference Channel with
  Partially-Joint Decoding

abstract:
  Existing polar coding schemes for the two-user interference channel follow
the original idea of Han and Kobayashi, in which component messages are encoded
independently and then mapped by some deterministic functions (i.e.,
homogeneous superposition coding). In this paper, we propose a new polar coding
scheme for the interference channel based on the heterogeneous superposition
coding approach of Chong, Motani and Garg. We prove that fully-joint decoding
(the receivers simultaneously decode both senders' common messages and the
intended sender's private message) in the Han-Kobayashi strategy can be
simplified to two types of partially-joint decoding, which are friendly to
polar coding with practical decoding algorithms. The proposed coding scheme
requires less auxiliary random variables and no deterministic functions, and
can be efficiently constructed. Further, we extend this result to interference
networks and show that the proposed partially-joint decoding scheme is a
general method for designing heterogeneous superposition polar coding schemes
in interference networks.


title: A Large Scale Analysis of Unreliable Stochastic Networks

abstract:
  The problem of reliability of a large distributed system is analyzed via a
new mathematical model. A typical framework is a system where a set of files
are duplicated on several data servers. When one of these servers breaks down,
all copies of files stored on it are lost. In this way, repeated failures may
lead to losses of files. The efficiency of such a network is directly related
to the performances of the mechanism used to duplicate files on servers. In
this paper we study the evolution of the network using a natural duplication
policy giving priority to the files with the least number of copies.
  We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the network when the number $N$ of
servers is large. The analysis is complicated by the large dimension of the
state space of the empirical distribution of the state of the network. A
stochastic model of the evolution of the network which has values in state
space whose dimension does not depend on $N$ is introduced. Despite this
description does not have the Markov property, it turns out that it is
converging in distribution, when the number of nodes goes to infinity, to a
nonlinear Markov process. The rate of decay of the network, which is the key
characteristic of interest of these systems, can be expressed in terms of this
asymptotic process. The corresponding mean-field convergence results are
established. A lower bound on the exponential decay, with respect to time, of
the fraction of the number of initial files with at least one copy is obtained.


title: Economic Analysis of Crowdsourced Wireless Community Networks

abstract:
  Crowdsourced wireless community networks can effectively alleviate the
limited coverage issue of Wi-Fi access points (APs), by encouraging individuals
(users) to share their private residential Wi-Fi APs with others. In this
paper, we provide a comprehensive economic analysis for such a crowdsourced
network, with the particular focus on the users' behavior analysis and the
community network operator's pricing design. Specifically, we formulate the
interactions between the network operator and users as a two-layer Stackelberg
model, where the operator determining the pricing scheme in Layer I, and then
users determining their Wi-Fi sharing schemes in Layer II. First, we analyze
the user behavior in Layer II via a two-stage membership selection and network
access game, for both small-scale networks and large-scale networks. Then, we
design a partial price differentiation scheme for the operator in Layer I,
which generalizes both the complete price differentiation scheme and the single
pricing scheme (i.e., no price differentiation). We show that the proposed
partial pricing scheme can achieve a good tradeoff between the revenue and the
implementation complexity. Numerical results demonstrate that when using the
partial pricing scheme with only two prices, we can increase the operator's
revenue up to 124.44% comparing with the single pricing scheme, and can achieve
an average of 80% of the maximum operator revenue under the complete price
differentiation scheme.


title:
Search for Neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande associated with Gravitational
  Wave Events GW150914 and GW151226

abstract:
  We report the results from a search in Super-Kamiokande for neutrino signals
coincident with the first detected gravitational wave events, GW150914 and
GW151226, using a neutrino energy range from 3.5 MeV to 100 PeV. We searched
for coincident neutrino events within a time window of $\pm$500 seconds around
the gravitational wave detection time. Four neutrino candidates are found for
GW150914 and no candidates are found for GW151226. The remaining neutrino
candidates are consistent with the expected background events. We calculated
the 90\% confidence level upper limits on the combined neutrino fluence for
both gravitational wave events, which depends on event energy and topologies.
Considering the upward going muon data set (1.6 GeV - 100 PeV) the neutrino
fluence limit for each gravitational wave event is 14 - 37 (19 - 50) cm$^{-2}$
for muon neutrinos (muon antineutrinos), depending on the zenith angle of the
event. In the other data sets, the combined fluence limits for both
gravitational wave events range from 2.4$\times 10^{4}$ to 7.0$\times 10^{9}$
cm$^{-2}$.


title: Projective Wonderful Models for Toric Arrangements

abstract:
  In this paper we illustrate an algorithmic procedure which allows to build
projective wonderful models for the complement of a toric arrangement in a
n-dimensional algebraic torus T. The main step of the construction is a
combinatorial algorithm that produces a toric variety by subdividing in a
suitable way a given smooth fan.


title: Density of Zeros of the Tutte Polynomial

abstract:
  The Tutte polynomial of a graph is a two-variable polynomial whose zeros and
evaluations encode many interesting properties of the graph. In this article we
investigate the zeros of the Tutte polynomials of graphs, and show that they
form a dense subset of certain regions of the plane. This is the first density
result for the zeros of the Tutte polynomial in a region of positive volume.
Our result almost confirms a conjecture of Jackson and Sokal except for one
region which is related to an open problem on flow polynomials.


title:
A New Code for Numerical Simulation of MHD Astrophysical Flows With
  Chemistry

abstract:
  The new code for numerical simulation of magnetic hydrodynamical
astrophysical flows with consideration of chemical reactions is given in the
paper. At the heart of the code - the new original low-dissipation numerical
method based on a combination of operator splitting approach and
piecewise-parabolic method on the local stencil. The details of the numerical
method are described; the main tests and the scheme of parallel implementation
are shown. The chemodynamics of the hydrogen while the turbulent formation of
molecular clouds is modeled.


title:
Binary Particle Swarm Optimization versus Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for
  Inferring Well Supported Phylogenetic Trees

abstract:
  The amount of completely sequenced chloroplast genomes increases rapidly
every day, leading to the possibility to build large-scale phylogenetic trees
of plant species. Considering a subset of close plant species defined according
to their chloroplasts, the phylogenetic tree that can be inferred by their core
genes is not necessarily well supported, due to the possible occurrence of
problematic genes (i.e., homoplasy, incomplete lineage sorting, horizontal gene
transfers, etc.) which may blur the phylogenetic signal. However, a trustworthy
phylogenetic tree can still be obtained provided such a number of blurring
genes is reduced. The problem is thus to determine the largest subset of core
genes that produces the best-supported tree. To discard problematic genes and
due to the overwhelming number of possible combinations, this article focuses
on how to extract the largest subset of sequences in order to obtain the most
supported species tree. Due to computational complexity, a distributed Binary
Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) is proposed in sequential and distributed
fashions. Obtained results from both versions of the BPSO are compared with
those computed using an hybrid approach embedding both genetic algorithms and
statistical tests. The proposal has been applied to different cases of plant
families, leading to encouraging results for these families.


title: Asymptotic observables in gapped quantum spin systems

abstract:
  This paper gives a construction of certain asymptotic observables (Araki-Haag
detectors) in ground state representations of gapped quantum spin systems. The
construction is based on general assumptions which are satisfied e.g. in the
Ising model in strong transverse magnetic fields. We do not use the method of
propagation estimates, but exploit instead compactness of the relevant
propagation observables at any fixed time. Implications for the problem of
asymptotic completeness are briefly discussed.


title:
The complex evolutionary paths of local infrared bright galaxies: a high
  angular resolution mid-infrared view

abstract:
  We investigate the evolutionary connection between local IR-bright galaxies
($\log L_{\rm IR}\ge 11.4\,L_\odot$) and quasars. We use high angular
resolution ($\sim$ 0.3-0.4 arcsec $\sim$ few hundred parsecs) $8-13\,\mu$m
ground-based spectroscopy to disentangle the AGN mid-IR properties from those
of star formation. The comparison between the nuclear $11.3\,\mu$m PAH feature
emission and that measured with Spitzer/IRS indicates that the star formation
is extended over a few kpc in the IR-bright galaxies. The AGN contribution to
the total IR luminosity of IR-bright galaxies is lower than in quasars.
Although the dust distribution is predicted to change as IR-bright galaxies
evolve to IR-bright quasars and then to optical quasars, we show that the AGN
mid-IR emission of all the quasars in our sample is not significantly
different. In contrast, the nuclear emission of IR-bright galaxies with low AGN
contributions appears more heavily embedded in dust although there is no clear
trend with the interaction stage or projected nuclear separation. This suggests
that the changes in the distribution of the nuclear obscuring material may be
taking place rapidly and at different interaction stages washing out the
evidence of an evolutionary path. When compared to normal AGN, the nuclear star
formation activity of quasars appears to be dimming whereas it is enhanced in
some IR-bright nuclei, suggesting that the latter are in an earlier
star-formation dominated phase.


title:
Observation of classical-quantum crossover of 1/f flux noise and its
  paramagnetic temperature dependence

abstract:
  By analyzing the dissipative dynamics of a tunable gap flux qubit, we extract
both sides of its two-sided environmental flux noise spectral density over a
range of frequencies around $2k_BT/h \approx 1\,\rm{GHz}$, allowing for the
observation of a classical-quantum crossover. Below the crossover point, the
symmetric noise component follows a $1/f$ power law that matches the magnitude
of the $1/f$ noise near $1\,{\rm{Hz}}$. The antisymmetric component displays a
1/T dependence below $100\,\rm{mK}$, providing dynamical evidence for a
paramagnetic environment. Extrapolating the two-sided spectrum predicts the
linewidth and reorganization energy of incoherent resonant tunneling between
flux qubit wells.


title: Look, no Beacons! Optimal All-in-One EchoSLAM

abstract:
  We study the problem of simultaneously reconstructing a polygonal room and a
trajectory of a device equipped with a (nearly) collocated omnidirectional
source and receiver. The device measures arrival times of echoes of pulses
emitted by the source and picked up by the receiver. No prior knowledge about
the device's trajectory is required. Most existing approaches addressing this
problem assume multiple sources or receivers, or they assume that some of these
are static, serving as beacons. Unlike earlier approaches, we take into account
the measurement noise and various constraints on the geometry by formulating
the solution as a minimizer of a cost function similar to \emph{stress} in
multidimensional scaling. We study uniqueness of the reconstruction from
first-order echoes, and we show that in addition to the usual invariance to
rigid motions, new ambiguities arise for important classes of rooms and
trajectories. We support our theoretical developments with a number of
numerical experiments.


title: Towards Concolic Testing for Hybrid Systems

abstract:
  Hybrid systems exhibit both continuous and discrete behavior. Analyzing
hybrid systems is known to be hard. Inspired by the idea of concolic testing
(of programs), we investigate whether we can combine random sampling and
symbolic execution in order to effectively verify hybrid systems. We identify a
sufficient condition under which such a combination is more effective than
random sampling. Furthermore, we analyze different strategies of combining
random sampling and symbolic execution and propose an algorithm which allows us
to dynamically switch between them so as to reduce the overall cost. Our method
has been implemented as a web-based checker named HyChecker. HyChecker has been
evaluated with benchmark hybrid systems and a water treatment system in order
to test its effectiveness.


title: Covering Radius of Matrix Codes Endowed with the Rank Metric

abstract:
  In this paper we study properties and invariants of matrix codes endowed with
the rank metric, and relate them to the covering radius. We introduce new tools
for the analysis of rank-metric codes, such as puncturing and shortening
constructions. We give upper bounds on the covering radius of a code by
applying different combinatorial methods. We apply the various bounds to the
classes of maximal rank distance and quasi maximal rank distance codes.


title: Migration of accreting planets in radiative discs from dynamical torques

abstract:
  We present the results of hydrodynamical simulations of the orbital evolution
of planets undergoing runaway gas accretion in radiative discs. We consider
accreting disc models with constant mass flux through the disc, and where
radiative cooling balances the effect of viscous heating and stellar
irradiation. We assume that 20-30 $M_\oplus$ giant planet cores are formed in
the region where viscous heating dominates and migrate outward under the action
of a strong corotation torque. In the case where gas accretion is neglected, we
find evidence for strong dynamical torques in accreting discs with accretion
rates ${\dot M}\gtrsim 7\times 10^{-8} \;M_\odot/yr$. Their main effect is to
increase outward migration rates by a factor of $\sim 2$ typically. In the
presence of gas accretion, however, runaway outward migration is observed with
the planet passing through the zero-torque radius and the transition between
the viscous heating and stellar heating dominated regimes. The ability for an
accreting planet to enter a fast migration regime is found to depend strongly
on the planet growth rate, but can occur for values of the mass flux through
the disc of ${\dot M}\gtrsim 5\times 10^{-8} \;M_\odot/yr$. We find that an
episode of runaway outward migration can cause an accreting planet formed in
the 5-10 AU region to temporarily orbit at star-planet separations as large as
$\sim$60-70 AU. However, increase in the amplitude of the Lindblad torque
associated with planet growth plus change in the streamline topology near the
planet systematically cause the direction of migration to be reversed. Our
results indicate that a planet can reach large orbital distances under the
combined effect of dynamical torques and gas accretion, but an alternative
mechanism is required to explain the presence of massive planets on wide
orbits.


title:
Measurement of the $\mathbf{e^+e^-\to K^+K^-}$ cross section in the
  energy range $\mathbf{\sqrt{s}=1.05-2.0}$ GeV

abstract:
  The $e^+e^-\to K^+K^-$ cross section is measured in the center-of-mass energy
range $1.05-2.00$ GeV at the SND detector. The measurement is based on data
with an integrated luminosity of 35 pb$^{-1}$ collected at the VEPP-2000
$e^+e^-$-collider. The obtained results are consistent with the previous most
accurate data obtained in the BABAR experiment and have a comparable accuracy.


title:
Global weak solutions and asymptotic limits of a Cahn--Hilliard--Darcy
  system modelling tumour growth

abstract:
  We study the existence of weak solutions to a Cahn--Hilliard--Darcy system
coupled with a convection-reaction-diffusion equation through the fluxes,
through the source terms and in Darcy's law. The system of equations arises
from a mixture model for tumour growth accounting for transport mechanisms such
as chemotaxis and active transport. We prove, via a Galerkin approximation, the
existence of global weak solutions in two and three dimensions, along with new
regularity results for the velocity field and for the pressure. Due to the
coupling with the Darcy system, the time derivatives have lower regularity
compared to systems without Darcy flow, but in the two dimensional case we
employ a new regularity result for the velocity to obtain better integrability
and temporal regularity for the time derivatives. Then, we deduce the global
existence of weak solutions for two variants of the model; one where the
velocity is zero and another where the chemotaxis and active transport
mechanisms are absent.


title:
An accurate boundary element method for the exterior elastic scattering
  problem in two dimensions

abstract:
  This paper is concerned with a Galerkin boundary element method solving the
two dimensional exterior elastic wave scattering problem. The original problem
is first reduced to the so-called Burton-Miller (\cite{BM71}) boundary integral
formulation, and essential mathematical features of its variational form are
discussed. In numerical implementations, a newly-derived and analytically
accurate regularization formula (\cite{YHX}) is employed for the numerical
evaluation of hyper-singular boundary integral operator. A new computational
approach is employed based on the series expansions of Hankel functions for the
computation of weakly-singular boundary integral operators during the reduction
of corresponding Galerkin equations into a discrete linear system. The
effectiveness of proposed numerical methods is demonstrated using several
numerical examples.


title:
Asymptotic for a semilinear hyperbolic equation with asymptotically
  vanishing damping term, convex potential, and integrable source

abstract:
  We investigate the long time behavior of solutions to semilinear hyperbolic
equation (E$_{\alpha}$): $
u^{\prime\prime}(t)+\gamma(t)u^{\prime}(t)+Au(t)+f(u(t))=g(t),~t\geq0, $ where
$A$ is a self-adjoint nonnegative operator, $f$ a function which derives from a
convex function, and $\gamma$ a nonnegative function which behaviors, for $t$
large enough, as $\frac{K}{t^{\alpha}}$ with $K>0$ and $\alpha \in\lbrack0,1[.$
We obtain sufficient conditions on the source term $g(t),$ ensuring the weak or
the strong convergence of any solution $u(t)$ of (E$_{\alpha}$) as
$t\rightarrow+\infty$ to a solution of the stationary equation $Av+f(v)=0$ if
one exists.


title:
hi-RF: Incremental Learning Random Forest for large-scale multi-class
  Data Classification

abstract:
  In recent years, dynamically growing data and incrementally growing number of
classes pose new challenges to large-scale data classification research. Most
traditional methods struggle to balance the precision and computational burden
when data and its number of classes increased. However, some methods are with
weak precision, and the others are time-consuming. In this paper, we propose an
incremental learning method, namely, heterogeneous incremental Nearest Class
Mean Random Forest (hi-RF), to handle this issue. It is a heterogeneous method
that either replaces trees or updates trees leaves in the random forest
adaptively, to reduce the computational time in comparable performance, when
data of new classes arrive. Specifically, to keep the accuracy, one proportion
of trees are replaced by new NCM decision trees; to reduce the computational
load, the rest trees are updated their leaves probabilities only. Most of all,
out-of-bag estimation and out-of-bag boosting are proposed to balance the
accuracy and the computational efficiency. Fair experiments were conducted and
demonstrated its comparable precision with much less computational time.


title: Fractional random walk lattice dynamics

abstract:
  We analyze time-discrete and continuous `fractional' random walks on
undirected regular networks with special focus on cubic periodic lattices in
$n=1,2,3,..$ dimensions. The fractional random walk dynamics is governed by a
master equation involving {\it fractional} powers of Laplacian matrices
$L^{\frac{\alpha}{2}}$}where $\alpha=2$ recovers the normal walk. First we
demonstrate that the interval $0<\alpha\leq 2$ is admissible for the fractional
random walk. We derive analytical expressions for fractional transition matrix
and closely related the average return probabilities. We further obtain the
fundamental matrix $Z^{(\alpha)}$, and the mean relaxation time (Kemeny
constant) for the fractional random walk. The representation for the
fundamental matrix $Z^{(\alpha)}$ relates fractional random walks with normal
random walks. We show that the fractional transition matrix elements exhibit
for large cubic $n$-dimensional lattices a power law decay of an
$n$-dimensional infinite space Riesz fractional derivative type indicating
emergence of L\'evy flights. As a further footprint of L\'evy flights in the
$n$-dimensional space, the fractional transition matrix and fractional return
probabilities are dominated for large times $t$ by slowly relaxing long-wave
modes leading to a characteristic $t^{-\frac{n}{\alpha}}$-decay. It can be
concluded that, due to long range moves of fractional random walk, a small
world property is emerging increasing the efficiency to explore the lattice
when instead of a normal random walk a fractional random walk is chosen.


title:
Optimal functional inequalities for fractional operators on the sphere
  and applications

abstract:
  This paper is devoted to optimal functional inequalities for fractional
Laplace operators on the sphere. Based on spectral properties, subcritical
inequalities are established. Their consequences for fractional heat flows are
considered. These subcritical inequalities interpolate between fractional
Sobolev and subcritical fractional logarithmic Sobolev inequalities. Their
optimal constants are determined by a spectral gap. In the subcritical range,
the method also provides us with remainder terms which can be considered as an
improved version of the optimal inequalities. We also consider inequalities
which interpolate between fractional logarithmic Sobolev and fractional
Poincar{\'e} inequalities. Finally, weighted inequalities involving the
fractional Laplacian are obtained in the Euclidean space, using a stereographic
projection and scaling properties.


title:
Summand minimality and asymptotic convergence of generalized Zeckendorf
  decompositions

abstract:
  Given a recurrence sequence $H$, with $H_n = c_1 H_{n-1} + \dots + c_t
H_{n-t}$ where $c_i \in \mathbb{N}_0$ for all $i$ and $c_1, c_t \geq 1$, the
generalized Zeckendorf decomposition (gzd) of $m \in \mathbb{N}_0$ is the
unique representation of $m$ using $H$ composed of blocks lexicographically
less than $\sigma = (c_1, \dots, c_t)$. We prove that the gzd of $m$ uses the
fewest number of summands among all representations of $m$ using $H$, for all
$m$, if and only if $\sigma$ is weakly decreasing. We develop an algorithm for
moving from any representation of $m$ to the gzd, the analysis of which proves
that $\sigma$ weakly decreasing implies summand minimality. We prove that the
gzds of numbers of the form $v_0 H_n + \dots + v_\ell H_{n-\ell}$ converge in a
suitable sense as $n \to \infty$, furthermore we classify three distinct
behaviors for this convergence. We use this result, together with the
irreducibility of certain families of polynomials, to exhibit a representation
with fewer summands than the gzd if $\sigma$ is not weakly decreasing.


title:
Disorder engineering and conductivity dome in ReS2 with electrolyte
  gating

abstract:
  Atomically thin rhenium disulphide (ReS2) is a member of the transition metal
dichalcogenide (TMDC) family of materials characterized by weak interlayer
coupling and a distorted 1T structure. Here, we report on the electrical
transport study of mono- and multilayer ReS2 with polymer electrolyte gating.
We find that the conductivity of monolayer ReS2 is completely suppressed at
high carrier densities, an unusual feature unique to monolayers, making ReS2
the first example of such a material. While thicker flakes of ReS2 also exhibit
a conductivity dome and an insulator-metal-insulator sequence, they do not show
a complete conductivity suppression at high doping densities. Using dual-gated
devices, we can distinguish the gate-induced doping from the electrostatic
disorder induced by the polymer electrolyte itself. Theoretical calculations
and a transport model indicate that the observed conductivity suppression can
be explained by a combination of a narrow conduction band and Anderson
localization due to electrolyte-induced disorder.


title:
A babystep-giantstep method for faster deterministic integer
  factorization

abstract:
  In 1977, Strassen presented a deterministic and rigorous algorithm for
solving the problem of computing the prime factorization of natural numbers
$N$. His method is based on fast polynomial arithmetic techniques and runs in
time $\widetilde{O}(N^{1/4})$, which has been state of the art for the last
forty years. In this paper, we will combine Strassen's approach with a
babystep-giantstep method to improve the currently best known bound by a
superpolynomial factor. The runtime complexity of our algorithm is of the form
\[ \widetilde{O}\left(N^{1/4}\exp(-C\log N/\log\log N)\right). \]


title: A chip-integrated coherent photonic-phononic memory

abstract:
  Controlling and manipulating quanta of coherent acoustic vibrations - phonons
- in integrated circuits has recently drawn a lot of attention, since phonons
can function as unique links between radiofrequency and optical signals, allow
access to quantum regimes and offer advanced signal processing capabilities.
Recent approaches based on optomechanical resonators have achieved impressive
quality factors allowing for storage of optical signals. However, so far these
techniques have been limited in bandwidth and are incompatible with
multi-wavelength operation. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a
coherent buffer in an integrated planar optical waveguide by transferring the
optical information coherently to an acoustic hypersound wave. Optical
information is extracted using the reverse process. These hypersound phonons
have similar wavelengths as the optical photons but travel at 5-orders of
magnitude lower velocity. We demonstrate the storage of phase and amplitude of
optical information with GHz-bandwidth and show operation at separate
wavelengths with negligible cross-talk.


title: Surface hopping methodology in laser-driven molecular dynamics

abstract:
  A theoretical justification of the empirical surface hopping method for the
laser-driven molecular dynamics is given utilizing the formalism of the exact
factorization of the molecular wavefunction [Abedi et al., PRL $\textbf{105}$,
123002 (2010)] in its quantum-classical limit. Employing an exactly solvable
$\textrm H_2^{\;+}$-like model system, it is shown that the deterministic
classical nuclear motion on a single time-dependent surface in this approach
describes the same physics as stochastic (hopping-induced) motion on several
surfaces, provided Floquet surfaces are applied. Both quantum-classical methods
do describe reasonably well the exact nuclear wavepacket dynamics for extremely
different dissociation scenarios. Hopping schemes using Born-Oppenheimer
surfaces or instantaneous Born-Oppenheimer surfaces fail completely.


title: Two-dimensional platform for networks of Majorana bound states

abstract:
  We model theoretically a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) covered by a
superconductor and demonstrate that topological superconducting channels are
formed when stripes of the superconducting layer are removed. As a consequence,
Majorana bound states (MBS) are created at the ends of the stripes. We
calculate the topological invariant and energy gap of a single stripe, using
realistic values for an InAs 2DEG proximitized by an epitaxial Al layer. We
show that the topological gap is enhanced when the structure is made
asymmetric. This can be achieved by either imposing a phase difference (by
driving a supercurrent or using a magnetic-flux loop) over the strip or by
replacing one superconductor by a metallic gate. Both strategies also enable
control over the MBS splitting, thereby facilitating braiding and readout
schemes based on controlled fusion of MBS. Finally, we outline how a network of
Majorana stripes can be designed.


title:
The Galactic Club, or Galactic Cliques? Exploring the limits of
  interstellar hegemony and the Zoo Hypothesis

abstract:
  The Zoo solution to Fermi's Paradox proposes that extraterrestrial
intelligences (ETIs) have agreed to not contact the Earth. The strength of this
solution depends on the ability for ETIs to come to agreement, and
establish/police treaties as part of a so-called "Galactic Club". These
activities are principally limited by the causal connectivity of a civilisation
to its neighbours at its inception, i.e. whether it comes to prominence being
aware of other ETIs and any treaties or agreements in place.
  If even one civilisation is not causally connected to the other members of a
treaty, then they are free to operate beyond it and contact the Earth if
wished, which makes the Zoo solution "soft". We should therefore consider how
likely this scenario is, as this will give us a sense of the Zoo solution's
softness, or general validity.
  We implement a simple toy model of ETIs arising in a Galactic Habitable Zone,
and calculate the properties of the groups of culturally connected
civilisations established therein. We show that for most choices of
civilisation parameters, the number of culturally connected groups is greater
than 1, meaning that the Galaxy is composed of multiple Galactic Cliques rather
than a single Galactic Club. We find in our models for a single Galactic Club
to establish interstellar hegemony, the number of civilisations must be
relatively large, the mean civilisation lifetime must be several millions of
years, and the inter-arrival time between civilisations must be a few million
years or less.


title: Optical Nonlinear Dark X-Waves

abstract:
  We introduce spatiotemporal optical dark X solitary waves of the (2+1)D
{hyperbolic} nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLSE), that rules wave
propagation in a self-focusing and normally dispersive medium. These analytical
solutions are derived by exploiting the connection between such NLSE and a well
known equation of hydrodynamics, namely the type II Kadomtsev-Petviashvili
(KP-II) equation. As a result, families of shallow water X soliton solutions of
the KP-II equation are mapped into optical dark X solitary wave solutions of
the NLSE. Numerical simulations show that optical dark X solitary waves may
propagate for long distances (tens of nonlinear lengths) before they eventually
break up, owing to the modulation instability of the continuous wave
background. This finding opens a novel path for the excitation and control of X
solitary waves in nonlinear optics.


title:
New Extreme Trans-Neptunian Objects: Towards a Super-Earth in the Outer
  Solar System

abstract:
  We are conducting a survey for extreme solar system objects to understand
Sedna and 2012 VP113 and determine if an unknown massive planet exists in the
outer solar system. Two new objects, 2014 SR349 and 2013 FT28, are extreme
detached trans-Neptunian objects, with a>150 AU and perihelia well beyond
Neptune (q>40 AU). Both new objects have orbits with arguments of perihelia
within the range of clustering of this angle for other extreme objects. One of
these objects, 2014 SR349, has a longitude of perihelion similar to the other
extreme objects, but 2013 FT28 is about 180 degrees away or anti-aligned in its
longitude of perihelion. We also discovered the first outer Oort cloud object
with a perihelion beyond Neptune, 2014 FE72. We discuss these and other
interesting objects discovered in our ongoing survey. All the high semi-major
axis (a>150 AU) and high perihelion (q>35 AU) bodies follow the previously
identified argument of perihelion clustering as first reported and explained as
being from an unknown massive planet by Trujillo and Sheppard (2014), which
some have called Planet X or Planet 9. Finally, with the discovery of 2013
FT28, we find that the longitude of perihelion is significantly correlated with
the argument of perihelion and orbit pole angle for all extreme objects. This
previous unnoticed correlation is further evidence of an unknown massive planet
on an eccentric inclined orbit, as extreme eccentric objects with perihelia on
opposite sides of the sky (180 degree longitude of perihelion differences)
would approach the inclined eccentric planet at opposite points in their
orbits, thus making the extreme objects prefer to stay away from opposite
ecliptic latitudes to avoid the planet (i.e. opposite argument of perihelia or
pole angles).


title: Constructing Large-scale Low-latency Network from Small Optimal Networks

abstract:
  The construction of large-scale, low-latency networks becomes difficult as
the number of nodes increases. In general, the way to construct a theoretically
optimal solution is unknown. However, it is known that some methods can
construct suboptimal networks with low-latency. One such method is to construct
large-scale networks from optimal or suboptimal small networks, using the
product of graphs. There are two major advantages to this method. One is that
we can reuse small, already known networks to construct large-scale networks.
The other is that the networks obtained by this method have graph-theoretical
symmetry, which reduces the overhead of communication between nodes. A network
can be viewed as a graph, which is a mathematical term from combinatorics. The
design of low-latency networks can be treated as a mathematical problem of
finding small diameter graphs with a given number of nodes ( called order ) and
a given number of connections between each node ( called degree ). In this
paper, we overview how to construct large graphs from optimal or suboptimal
small graphs by using graph-theoretical products. We focus on the case of
diameter 2 in particular. As an example, we introduce a graph of order 256,
degree 22 and diameter 2, which granted us the Deepest Improvement Award at the
Graph Golf competition. Moreover, the average shortest path length of the graph
is the smallest in graphs of order 256 and degree 22.


title:
Sublimation of icy aggregates in the coma of comet
  67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko detected with the OSIRIS cameras onboard Rosetta

abstract:
  Beginning in March 2014, the OSIRIS (Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared
Remote Imaging System) cameras began capturing images of the nucleus and coma
(gas and dust) of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko using both the wide angle
camera (WAC) and the narrow angle camera (NAC). The many observations taken
since July of 2014 have been used to study the morphology, location, and
temporal variation of the comet's dust jets. We analyzed the dust monitoring
observations shortly after the southern vernal equinox on May 30 and 31, 2015
with the WAC at the heliocentric distance Rh = 1.53 AU, where it is possible to
observe that the jet rotates with the nucleus. We found that the decline of
brightness as a function of the distance of the jet is much steeper than the
background coma, which is a first indication of sublimation. We adapted a model
of sublimation of icy aggregates and studied the effect as a function of the
physical properties of the aggregates (composition and size). The major finding
of this article was that through the sublimation of the aggregates of dirty
grains (radius a between 5 microm and 50 microm) we were able to completely
reproduce the radial brightness profile of a jet beyond 4 km from the nucleus.
To reproduce the data we needed to inject a number of aggregates between 8.5 x
$10^{13}$ and 8.5 x $10^{10}$ for a = 5 microm and 50 microm respectively, or
an initial mass of $H_2O$ ice around 22kg.


title:
Microscopic origin of entropy-driven polymorphism in hybrid
  organic-inorganic perovskite materials

abstract:
  Entropy is a critical, but often overlooked, factor in determining the
relative stabilities of crystal phases. The importance of entropy is most
pronounced in softer materials, where small changes in free energy can drive
phase transitions, which has recently been demonstrated in the case of
organic-inorganic hybrid-formate perovskites. In this study we demonstrate the
interplay between composition and crystal-structure that is responsible for the
particularly pronounced role of entropy in determining polymorphism in hybrid
organic-inorganic materials. Using ab initio based lattice dynamics we probe
the origins and effects of vibrational entropy of four archetype perovskite
(ABX$_3$) structures. We consider a fully inorganic material (SrTiO$_3$), an
A-site hybrid halide material (CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$), an X-site hybrid material
(KSr(BH$_4$)$_3$) and a mixed A- and X-site hybrid-formate material
(N$_2$H$_5$Zn(HCO$_2$)$_3$), comparing the differences in entropy between two
common polymorphs. The results demonstrate the importance of low-frequency
inter-molecular modes in determining phase stability in these materials. The
understanding gained allows us to propose a general principle for the relative
stability of different polymorphs of hybrid materials as temperature is
increased.


title:
Structure and kinematics of the clouds surrounding the Galactic
  mini-starburst W43 MM1

abstract:
  Massive stars have a major influence on their environment yet their formation
is difficult to study. W43 is a highly luminous galactic massive star forming
region at a distance of 5.5 kpc and the MM1 part hosts a very massive dense
core (1000 M$_{\odot}$ within 0.05 pc). We present new Herschel HIFI maps of
the W43 MM1 region covering the main low-energy water lines at 557, 987, and
1113 GHz, their H$_2^{18}$O counterparts, and other lines such as
$^{13}$CO(10-9) and C$^{18}$O(9-8) which trace warm gas. These water lines are,
with the exception of line wings, observed in absorption. Herschel SPIRE and
JCMT 450 $\mu$m data have been used to make a model of the continuum emission
at these wavelengths. Analysis of the maps, and in particular the optical depth
maps of each line and feature, shows that a velocity gradient, possibly due to
rotation, is present in both the envelope and the protostellar core. Velocities
increase in both components from SW to NE, following the general source
orientation. While the H$_2$O lines trace essentially the cool envelope, we
show that the envelope cannot account for the H$_2^{18}$O absorption, which
traces motions close to the protostar. The core has rapid infall, 2.9 kms, as
manifested by the H$_2^{18}$O absorption features which are systematically
red-shifted with respect to the $^{13}$CO(10-9) emission line which also traces
the inner material with the same angular resolution. Some H$_2^{18}$O
absorption is detected outside the central core and thus outside the regions
expected to be above 100 K - we attribute this to warm gas associated with the
other massive dense cores in W43 MM1. Using the maps to identify absorption
from cool gas on large scales, we subtract this component to model spectra for
the inner envelope. Modeling the new spectra results in a lower water
abundance, decreased from $8 10^{-8}$ to $8 10^{-9}$ , with no change in infall
rate.


title: Phenomenology of pseudotensor mesons and the pseudotensor glueball

abstract:
  We study the decays of the pseudotensor mesons $[ \pi_{2}(1670) , K_{2}(1770)
, \eta_{2}(1645) , \eta_{2}(1870) ]$ interpreted as the ground-state nonet of
$1^1 D_{2}$ $\bar{q}q$ states using interaction Lagrangians which couple them
to pseudoscalar, vector, and tensor mesons. While the decays of $\pi_2 (1670)$
and $K_2 (1770)$ can be well described, the decays of the isoscalar states
$\eta_2 (1645)$ and $\eta_2 (1870)$ can be brought in agreement with
experimental data only if the mixing angle between nonstrange and strange
states is surprisingly large (about $-42^\circ$, similar to the mixing in the
pseudoscalar sector, in which the chiral anomaly is active). Such a large
mixing angle is however at odd with all other conventional quark-antiquark
nonets: if confirmed, a deeper study of its origin will be needed in the
future. Moreover, the $\bar{q}q$ assignment of pseudotensor states predicts
that the ratio $[ \eta_2 (1870) \rightarrow a_2 (1320) \pi]/[\eta_2 (1870)
\rightarrow f_2 (1270) \eta]$ is about $23.5$. This value is in agreement with
Barberis et al., ($20.4 \pm 6.6$), but disagrees with the recent reanalysis of
Anisovich et al., ($1.7 \pm 0.4$). Future experimental studies are necessary to
understand this puzzle. If Anisovich's value shall be confirmed, a simple nonet
of pseudoscalar mesons cannot be able to describe data (different assignments
and/or additional state, such as an hybrid state, will be needed). In the end,
we also evaluate the decays of a pseudoscalar glueball into the aforementioned
conventional $\bar{q}q$ states: a sizable decay into $K^\ast_2 (1430) K$ and
$a_2 (1230) \pi$ together with a vanishing decay into pseudoscalar-vector pairs
[such as $\rho(770) \pi$ and $K^\ast (892) K$] are expected. This information
can be helpful in future studies of glueballs at the ongoing BESIII and at the
future PANDA experiments.


title:
The light-yield response of a NE-213 liquid-scintillator detector
  measured using 2 -- 6 MeV tagged neutrons

abstract:
  The response of a NE-213 liquid-scintillator detector has been measured using
tagged neutrons from 2--6 MeV originating from an Am/Be neutron source. The
neutron energies were determined using the time-of-flight technique.
Pulse-shape discrimination was employed to discern between gamma-rays and
neutrons. The behavior of both the fast (35 ns) and the combined fast and slow
(475 ns) components of the neutron scintillation-light pulses were studied.
Three different prescriptions were used to relate the neutron maximum
energy-transfer edges to the corresponding recoil-proton scintillation-light
yields, and the results were compared to simulations. Parametrizations which
predict the fast or total light yield of the scintillation pulses were also
tested. Our results agree with both existing data and existing
parametrizations. We observe a clear sensitivity to the portion and length of
the neutron scintillation-light pulse considered.


title: Hybrid and Subexponential Linear Logics Technical Report

abstract:
  HyLL (Hybrid Linear Logic) and SELL (Subexponential Linear Logic) are logical
frameworks that have been extensively used for specifying systems that exhibit
modalities such as temporal or spatial ones. Both frameworks have linear logic
(LL) as a common ground and they admit (cut-free) complete focused proof
systems. The difference between the two logics relies on the way modalities are
handled. In HyLL, truth judgments are labelled by worlds and hybrid connectives
relate worlds with formulas. In SELL, the linear logic exponentials (!, ?) are
decorated with labels representing locations, and an ordering on such labels
defines the provability relation among resources in those locations. It is well
known that SELL, as a logical framework, is strictly more expressive than LL.
However, so far, it was not clear whether HyLL is more expressive than LL
and/or SELL. In this paper, we show an encoding of the HyLL's logical rules
into LL with the highest level of adequacy, hence showing that HyLL is as
expressive as LL. We also propose an encoding of HyLL into SELL $\doublecup$
(SELL plus quantification over locations) that gives better insights about the
meaning of worlds in HyLL. We conclude our expressiveness study by showing that
previous attempts of encoding Computational Tree Logic (CTL) operators into
HyLL cannot be extended to consider the whole set of temporal connectives. We
show that a system of LL with fixed points is indeed needed to faithfully
encode the behavior of such temporal operators.


title:
Continuity and estimates for multimarginal optimal transportation
  problems with singular costs

abstract:
  We consider some repulsive multimarginal optimal transportation problems
which include, as a particular case, the Coulomb cost. We prove a regularity
property of the minimizers (optimal transportation plan) from which we deduce
existence and some basic regularity of a maximizer for the dual problem
(Kantorovich potential). This is then applied to obtain some estimates of the
cost and to the study of continuity properties.


title: Non-local Probes in Holographic Theories with Momentum Relaxation

abstract:
  We consider recently introduced solutions of Einstein gravity with minimally
coupled massless scalars. The geometry is homogeneous, isotropic and
asymptotically anti de-Sitter while the scalar fields have linear
spatial-dependent profiles. The spatially-dependent marginal operators dual to
scalar fields cause momentum dissipation in the deformed dual CFT. We study the
effect of these marginal deformations on holographic entanglement measures and
Wilson loop. We show that the structure of the universal terms of entanglement
entropy for d(>2)-dim deformed CFTs is corrected depending on the geometry of
the entangling regions. In d = 2 case, the universal term is not corrected
while momentum relaxation leads to a non-critical correction. We also show that
decrease of the correlation length causes: the phase transition of holographic
mutual information to happen at smaller separations and the
confinement/deconfinement phase transition to take place at smaller critical
lengths. The effective potential between point like external objects also gets
corrected. We show that the strength of the corresponding force between these
objects is an increasing function of the momentum relaxation parameter.


title: Training Deep Spiking Neural Networks using Backpropagation

abstract:
  Deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) hold great potential for improving the
latency and energy efficiency of deep neural networks through event-based
computation. However, training such networks is difficult due to the
non-differentiable nature of asynchronous spike events. In this paper, we
introduce a novel technique, which treats the membrane potentials of spiking
neurons as differentiable signals, where discontinuities at spike times are
only considered as noise. This enables an error backpropagation mechanism for
deep SNNs, which works directly on spike signals and membrane potentials. Thus,
compared with previous methods relying on indirect training and conversion, our
technique has the potential to capture the statics of spikes more precisely.
Our novel framework outperforms all previously reported results for SNNs on the
permutation invariant MNIST benchmark, as well as the N-MNIST benchmark
recorded with event-based vision sensors.


title: Confidence sets with expected sizes for Multiclass Classification

abstract:
  Multiclass classification problems such as image annotation can involve a
large number of classes. In this context, confusion between classes can occur,
and single label classification may be misleading. We provide in the present
paper a general device that, given an unlabeled dataset and a score function
defined as the minimizer of some empirical and convex risk, outputs a set of
class labels, instead of a single one. Interestingly, this procedure does not
require that the unlabeled dataset explores the whole classes. Even more, the
method is calibrated to control the expected size of the output set while
minimizing the classification risk. We show the statistical optimality of the
procedure and establish rates of convergence under the Tsybakov margin
condition. It turns out that these rates are linear on the number of labels. We
apply our methodology to convex aggregation of confidence sets based on the
V-fold cross validation principle also known as the superlearning principle. We
illustrate the numerical performance of the procedure on real data and
demonstrate in particular that with moderate expected size, w.r.t. the number
of labels, the procedure provides significant improvement of the classification
risk.


title: Inequalities for the exponential remainder of the Taylor series

abstract:
  This is a preprint of 1992 with some updates. We study sections of the
exponential function Taylor series. Interesting inequalities for these sections
were considered by G.Hardy, Kesava Menon, W. Gautschi, H.Alzer and others. The
main aim of this preprint is to investigate new proofs for the main inequality
with best constants and its multiple generalizations. Some conjectures are
formulated (and some of them were proved recently, see comments of 2016).


title:
Spectral distribution Method for neutrinoless double beta decay: Results
  for $^{82}$Se and $^{76}$Ge

abstract:
  Statistical spectral distribution method based on shell model and random
matrix theory is developed for calculating neutrinoless double beta decay
nuclear transition matrix elements. First results obtained for $^{82}$Se and
$^{76}$Ge using the spectral method are close to the available shell model
results.


title:
Age-dependent Size Effect and Fracture Characteristics of Ultra High
  Performance Concrete

abstract:
  This paper presents an investigation of the age-dependent size effect and
fracture characteristics of an ultra high performance concrete (UHPC). The
study is based on a unique set of experimental data connecting aging tests for
two curing protocols of one size and scaled size effect tests of one age. Both
aging and size effect studies are performed on notched three point bending
tests. Experimental data is augmented by state of the art simulations employing
a recently developed discrete element based early-age computational framework.
The framework is constructed by coupling a hygro-thermo-chemical (HTC) model
and the Lattice Discrete Particle Model (LDPM) through a set of aging
functions. The HTC component allows taking into account variable curing
conditions and predicts the maturity of concrete. The mechanical component,
LDPM, simulates the failure behavior of concrete at the length scale of major
heterogeneities. After careful calibration and validation the mesoscale
HTC-LDPM model is uniquely posed to perform predictive simulations. The
ultimate flexural strengths from experiments and simulations are analyzed by
the cohesive size effect curve (CSEC) method, and the classical size effect law
(SEL). The fracture energies obtained by LDPM, CSEC, SEL, and cohesive crack
analyses are compared and an aging formulation for fracture properties is
proposed. Based on experiments, simulations, and size effect analyses, the
age-dependence of size effect and the robustness of analytical size effect
methods are evaluated.


title: Security checklist for IaaS cloud deployments

abstract:
  In this article, we provide a cloud-security checklist for IaaS cloud
deployments. The elements of the checklist are established by surveying the
related literature on cloud-threat models and various security recommendations.
We define the elements of the list on a level of abstraction that helps keep
the size of the list manageable while preserving the list's practical
applicability.


title: Existence of minimal flows on nonorientable surfaces

abstract:
  Surfaces admitting flows all whose orbits are dense are called minimal.
Minimal orientable surfaces were characterized by J.C. Beni\`{e}re in 1998,
leaving open the nonorientable case. This paper fills this gap providing a
characterization of minimal nonorientable surfaces of finite genus. We also
construct an example of a minimal nonorientable surface with infinite genus and
conjecture that any nonorientable surface without combinatorial boundary is
minimal.


title:
On the maximum likelihood degree of linear mixed models with two
  variance components

abstract:
  We extend the results concerning the upper bounds for the maximum likelihood
degree and the REML degree of the one-way random effects model presented in
Gross et al. [Electron. J. Stat. 6 (2012), pp. 993-1016] to the case of the
normal linear mixed model with two variance components. Then we prove that both
parts of Conjecture 1 in the paper of Gross et al., which concerns a certain
extension of the one-way random effects model, are true under fairly mild
conditions.


title:
Acceleration for Microflow Simulations of High-Order Moment Models by
  Using Lower-Order Model Correction

abstract:
  We study the acceleration of steady-state computation for microflow, which is
modeled by the high-order moment models derived recently from the steady-state
Boltzmann equation with BGK-type collision term. By using the lower-order model
correction, a novel nonlinear multi-level moment solver is developed. Numerical
examples verify that the resulting solver improves the convergence
significantly thus is able to accelerate the steady-state computation greatly.
The behavior of the solver is also numerically investigated. It is shown that
the convergence rate increases, indicating the solver would be more efficient,
as the total levels increases. Three order reduction strategies of the solver
are considered. Numerical results show that the most efficient order reduction
strategy would be $m_{l-1} = \lceil m_{l} / 2 \rceil$.


title: Monotone Simultaneous Embeddings of Paths in R^d

abstract:
  We study the following problem: Given $k$ paths that share the same vertex
set, is there a simultaneous geometric embedding of these paths such that each
individual drawing is monotone in some direction? We prove that for any
dimension $d \geq 2$, there is a set of $d+1$ paths that does not admit a
monotone simultaneous geometric embedding.


title: CliqueCNN: Deep Unsupervised Exemplar Learning

abstract:
  Exemplar learning is a powerful paradigm for discovering visual similarities
in an unsupervised manner. In this context, however, the recent breakthrough in
deep learning could not yet unfold its full potential. With only a single
positive sample, a great imbalance between one positive and many negatives, and
unreliable relationships between most samples, training of Convolutional Neural
networks is impaired. Given weak estimates of local distance we propose a
single optimization problem to extract batches of samples with mutually
consistent relations. Conflicting relations are distributed over different
batches and similar samples are grouped into compact cliques. Learning exemplar
similarities is framed as a sequence of clique categorization tasks. The CNN
then consolidates transitivity relations within and between cliques and learns
a single representation for all samples without the need for labels. The
proposed unsupervised approach has shown competitive performance on detailed
posture analysis and object classification.


title: The multilayer connectome of Caenorhabditis elegans

abstract:
  Connectomics has focused primarily on the mapping of synaptic links in the
brain; yet it is well established that extrasynaptic volume transmission,
especially via monoamines and neuropeptides, is also critical to brain
function. Here we present a draft monoamine connectome, along with a partial
neuropeptide connectome, for the nematode C. elegans, based on new and
published expression data for biosynthetic genes and receptors. Thus, the
neuronal connectome can be represented as a multiplex network, with synaptic,
gap junction, and neuromodulatory layers representing alternative modes of
interneuronal interaction and with distinct network structures. In particular,
the monoamine network exhibits novel topological properties, with a highly
disassortative star-like structure and a rich-club of interconnected
broadcasting hubs. Despite the low degree of overlap between layers, we find
highly significant modes of interaction, pinpointing network locations and
multilink motifs where aminergic and neuropeptide signalling modulate synaptic
activity. The multilayer connectome of C. elegans represents a clear exemplar
of a biological multiplex network and provides a prototype for understanding
how extrasynaptic signalling can be integrated into the wired circuitry in
larger brains.


title: Distinguishing between MSSM and NMSSM through $\Delta F=2$ processes

abstract:
  We study deviations between MSSM and $Z_3$-invariant NMSSM, with respect to
their predictions in $\Delta F=2 $ processes. We find that potentially
significant effects arise either from the well known double-penguin diagrams,
due to the extra scalar NMSSM states, or from neutralino-gluino box
contributions, due to the extended neutralino sector. Both are discussed to be
effective in the large $\tan\beta$ regime. Enhanced genuine-NMSSM contributions
in double penguins are expected for a light singlet spectrum (CP-even,CP-odd),
while the magnitude of box effects is primarily controlled through singlino
mixing. The latter is found to be typically subleading (but non-negligible) for
$\lambda \lesssim 0.5$, however it can become dominant for $\lambda\sim
\mathcal{O}(1)$. We also study the low $\tan\beta$ regime, where a distinction
between MSSM and NMSSM can come instead due to experimental constraints, acting
differently on the allowed parameter space of each model. To this end, we
incorporate the LHC Run-I limits from $H\rightarrow Z Z$, $A \rightarrow hZ$
and $H^\pm \rightarrow \tau \nu $ non-observation along with Higgs observables
and set (different) upper bounds for new physics contributions in $\Delta F=2 $
processes. We find that a $\sim 25\%$ contribution in $\Delta M_{s(d)}$ is
still possible for MFV models, however such a large effect is nowadays severely
constrained for the case of MSSM, due to stronger bounds on the charged Higgs
masses.


title:
Dynamic structure factor of a strongly correlated Fermi superfluid
  within a density functional theory approach

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate the dynamic structure factor of a strongly
interacting Fermi gas at the crossover from Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer
superfluids to Bose-Einstein condensates, by developing an improved random
phase approximation within the framework of a density functional theory - the
so-called superfluid local density approximation. Compared with the previous
random-phase-approximation studies based on the standard Bogoliubov-de Gennes
equations, the use of the density functional theory greatly improves the
accuracy of the equation of state at the crossover, and leads to a better
description of both collective Bogoliubov-Anderson-Goldstone phonon mode and
single-particle fermionic excitations at small transferred momentum. Near
unitarity, where the s-wave scattering length diverges, we show that the
single-particle excitations start to significantly contribute to the spectrum
of dynamic structure factor once the frequency is above a threshold of the
energy gap at $2\Delta$. The sharp rise in the spectrum at this threshold can
be utilized to measure the pairing gap $\Delta$. Together with the sound
velocity determined from the phonon branch, the dynamic structure factor
provides us some key information of the crossover Fermi superfluid. Our
predictions could be examined in experiments with $^{6}$Li or $^{40}$K atoms
using Bragg spectroscopy.


title:
Microstructure and Aging Dynamics of Fluorescent Nanoclay Co-gels of
  Laponite and Montmorillonite

abstract:
  The phenomenon of aging in soft matter systems is an intriguing and
interesting. In his study we investigate the microstructure and aging dynamics
of fluorescent nanoclay gels formed from the mixture of small (~25) and large
(~250) aspect ratio nanodiscs using various experimental techniques. We examine
how the presence of one kind of clay in other clay of different nature affect
the aging dynamics, microstructure and the final resulting phase. Viscosity of
the dispersions grows as a power-law with waiting time of the system and the
dispersions initially show Maxwellian behaviour but deviated as the time
progressed. Fractal dimension, df of the gels is found to be 2.5. Confocal
micrographs revealed clear grain boundaries in the nanoclay gels, since
Na-Montmorillonite exhibit fluorescence. We also report for the first time that
the gels containing sodium MMT gives a bright green-yellow fluorescence in
ultra violet light. These fluorescent gels may be useful in industry and
academic research.


title: Conformal measures for meromorphic maps

abstract:
  In this paper we study the relation between the existence of a conformal
measure on the Julia set $J(f)$ of a transcendental meromorphic map $f$ and the
existence of zero of the topological pressure function $t \mapsto P(f, t)$ for
the map $f$. In particular, we show that if $f$ is hyperbolic and there exists
a $t$-conformal measure which is not totally supported on the set of escaping
points, then $P(f, t) = 0$. On the other hand, for a wide class of maps $f$,
including arbitrary maps with at most finitely many poles and finite set of
singular values and hyperbolic maps with at most finitely many poles and
bounded set of singular values, if $P(f, t) = 0$, we construct a $t$-conformal
measure on $J(f)$. This partially answers a question of R.D. Mauldin.


title: Is the Quilted Multiverse Consistent with a Thermodynamic Arrow of Time?

abstract:
  Theoretical achievements, as well as much controversy, surround multiverse
theory. Various types of multiverses, with an increasing amount of complexity,
were suggested and thoroughly discussed in literature by now. While these types
are very different, they all share the same basic idea: our physical reality
consists of more than just one universe. Each universe within a possibly huge
multiverse might be slightly or even very different from the others. The
quilted multiverse is one of these types, whose uniqueness arises from the
postulate that every possible event will occur infinitely many times in
infinitely many universes. In this paper we show that the quilted multiverse is
not self-consistent due to the instability of entropy decrease under small
perturbations. We therefore propose a modified version of the quilted
multiverse which might overcome this shortcoming. It includes only those
universes where the minimal entropy occurs at the same instant of
(cosmological) time. Only these universes whose initial conditions are
fine-tuned within a small phase-space region would evolve consistently to form
their "close" states at present. A final boundary condition on the multiverse
may further lower the amount of possible, consistent universes. Finally, some
related observations regarding the many-worlds interpretation of quantum
mechanics and the emergence of classicality are discussed.


title:
QoS constrained Large Scale Web Service Composition using Abstraction
  Refinement

abstract:
  Efficient service composition in real time while providing necessary Quality
of Service (QoS) guarantees has been a challenging research problem with ever
growing complexity. Several heuristic based approaches with diverse proposals
for taming the scale and complexity of web service composition, have been
proposed in literature. In this paper, we present a new approach for efficient
service composition based on abstraction refinement. Instead of considering
individual services during composition, we propose several abstractions to form
service groups and the composition is done on these abstract services.
Abstraction reduces the search space significantly and thereby can be done
reasonably fast. While this can expedite solution construction to a great
extent, this also entails a possibility that it may fail to generate any
solution satisfying the QoS constraints, though the individual services
construct a valid solution. Hence, we propose to refine an abstraction to
generate the composite solution with desired QoS values. A QoS satisfying
solution, if one exists, can be constructed with multiple iterations of
abstraction refinement. While in the worst case, this approach may end up
exploring the complete composition graph constructed on individual services, on
an average, the solution can be achieved on the abstract graph. The abstraction
refinement techniques give a significant speed-up compared to the traditional
composition techniques. Experimental results on real benchmarks show the
efficiency of our proposed mechanism in terms of time and the number of
services considered for composition.


title:
An application of Hoffman graphs for spectral characterizations of
  graphs

abstract:
  In this paper, we present the first application of Hoffman graphs for
spectral characterizations of graphs. In particular, we show that the
$2$-clique extension of the $(t+1)\times(t+1)$-grid is determined by its
spectrum when $t$ is large enough. This result will help to show that the
Grassmann graph $J_2(2D,D)$ is determined by its intersection numbers as a
distance regular graph, if $D$ is large enough.


title: Non-Gaussianity in multi-sound-speed disformally coupled inflation

abstract:
  Most, if not all, scalar-tensor theories are equivalent to General Relativity
with a disformally coupled matter sector. In extra-dimensional theories such a
coupling can be understood as a result of induction of the metric on a brane
that matter is confined to. This article presents a first look at the
non-Gaussianities in disformally coupled inflation, a simple two-field model
that features a novel kinetic interaction. Cases with both canonical and
Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) kinetic terms are taken into account, the latter
motivated by the possible extra-dimensional origin of the disformality. The
computations are carried out for the equilateral configuration in the slow-roll
regime, wherein it is found that the non-Gaussianity is typically rather small
and negative. This is despite the fact that the new kinetic interaction causes
the perturbation modes to propagate with different sounds speeds, which may
both significantly deviate from unity during inflation.


title: Hard X-ray variability of V404 Cyg during the 2015 outburst

abstract:
  Aims. Hard X-ray spectra of black hole binaries (BHB) are produced by
Comptonization of soft seed photons by hot electrons near the black hole. The
slope of the resulting ray spectra is governed by two main parameters: the
electron temperature and the optical depth of the emitting plasma. Given the
extreme brightness of V404~Cyg during the 2015 outburst, we aim to constrain
the source spectral properties using an unprecedented time resolution in hard
X-rays, and to monitor their evolution over the outburst. Methods. We have
extracted and analyzed 602 X-ray spectra of V404 Cyg obtained by the IBIS/ISGRI
instrument on-board INTEGRAL during the 2015 June outburst, using effective
integration times ranging between 8 and 176000 seconds. We have fit the
resulting spectra in the 20-200 keV energy range. Results. We find that while
the light curve and soft X-ray spectra of V404 Cyg are remarkably different
from those of other BHBs, the spectral evolution of V404~Cyg in hard X-rays and
the relations between the spectral parameters are consistent with those
observed in other BHBs. We identify a hard branch} where the electron
temperature is anti-correlated with the hard X-ray flux, and a soft flaring
branch where the relation reverses. In addition, we find that during long X-ray
plateaus detected at intermediate fluxes, the thermal Comptonization models
fail to describe the spectra. However, the statistics improve if we allow the
absorption to vary freely in the fits to these spectra. Conclusions. We
conclude that the hard branch in V404 Cyg is analogous to the canonical hard
state of BHBs. V404~Cyg never seems to enter the canonical soft state, although
the soft flaring branch bears resemblance to the BHB intermediate state and
ultra-luminous state. The X-ray plateaus are likely the result of absorption by
a Compton-thick outflow which reduces the observed flux by a factor of about
10.[abridged]


title: Fatou components of elliptic polynomial skew products

abstract:
  We investigate the description of Fatou components for polynomial
skew-products in two complex variables. The non-existence of wandering domains
near a super-attracting invariant fiber was shown in [L], and the
geometrically-attracting case was studied in [PV] and [PS]. In [ABDPR] it was
proven that wandering domains can exist near a parabolic invariant fiber. In
this paper we study the remaining case, namely the dynamics near an elliptic
invariant fiber. We prove that the two-dimensional Fatou components near the
elliptic invariant fiber correspond exactly to the Fatou components of the
restriction to the fiber, under the assumption that the multiplier at the
elliptic invariant fiber satisfies the Brjuno condition and that the
restriction polynomial has no critical points on the Julia set. We also show
the description does not hold when the Brjuno condition is dropped. Our main
tool is the construction of expanding metrics on nearby fibers, and one of the
key steps in this construction is given by a local description of the dynamics
near a parabolic periodic cycle.


title: An Unbounded Family of log Calabi-Yau Pairs

abstract:
  We give an explicit example of log Calabi-Yau pairs that are log canonical
and have a linearly decreasing Euler characteristic. This is constructed in
terms of a degree two covering of a sequence of blow ups of three dimensional
projective bundles over the Segre-Hirzebruch surfaces ${\mathbb F}_n$ for every
positive integer $n$ big enough.


title:
Engineering a squeezed phonon reservoir with a bichromatic driving of a
  quantum dot

abstract:
  We demonstrate how an acoustic phonon bath when coupled to a quantum dot with
the help of a bichromatic laser field may effectively form a quantum squeezed
reservoir. This approach allows to achieve an arbitrary degree of squeezing of
the effective reservoir and it incorporates the properties of the reservoir
into two parameters, which can be controlled by varying the ratio of the Rabi
frequencies of the bichromatic field. It is found that for unequal Rabi
frequencies, the effective reservoir may appear as a quantum squeezed field of
ordinary or inverted harmonic oscillators. When the Rabi frequencies are equal
the effective reservoir appears as a perfectly squeezed field in which the
decay of one of the polarization quadratures of the quantum dot dipole moment
is inhibited. The decay of the quantum dot to a stationary state which depends
on the initial coherence is predicted. This unusual result is shown to be a
consequence of a quantum-nondemolition type coupling of the quantum dot to the
engineered squeezed reservoir. The effect of the initial coherence on the
steady-state dressed-state population distribution and the fluorescence
spectrum is discussed in details. The complete polarization of the dressed
state population and asymmetric spectra composed of only a single Rabi sideband
peak are obtained under strictly resonant excitation.


title:
Post fall-back evolution of multipolar magnetic fields and radio pulsar
  activation

abstract:
  It has long been unclear if the small-scale magnetic structures on the
neutron star (NS) surface could survive the fall-back episode. The study of the
Hall cascade (Cumming, Arras and Zweibel 2004; Wareing and Hollerbach 2009)
hinted that energy in small scales structures should dissipate on short
timescales. Our new 2D magneto-thermal simulations suggest the opposite. For
the first $\sim$10 kyrs after the fall-back episode with accreted mass $10^{-3}
M_\odot$, the observed NS magnetic field appears dipolar, which is insensitive
to the initial magnetic topology. In framework of the Ruderman & Sutherland
(1975) vacuum gap model during this interval, non-thermal radiation is strongly
suppressed. After this time the initial (i.e. multipolar) structure begins to
re-emerge through the NS crust. We distinguish three evolutionary epochs for
the re-emergence process: the growth of internal toroidal field, the advection
of buried poloidal field, and slow Ohmic diffusion. The efficiency of the first
two stages can be enhanced when small-scale magnetic structure is present. The
efficient re-emergence of high order harmonics might significantly affect the
curvature of the magnetospheric field lines in the emission zone. So, only
after few $10^4$ yrs would the NS starts shining as a pulsar again, which is in
correspondence with radio silence of central compact objects (CCOs). In
addition, these results can explain the absence of good candidates for
thermally emitting NSs with freshly re-emerged field among radio pulsars
(Bogdanov, Ng and Kaspi 2014), as NSs have time to cool down, and supernova
remnants can already dissipate.


title:
A short review and primer on pupillometry in human computer interaction
  applications

abstract:
  The application of psychophysiological signals in human-computer interaction
is a growing field with significant potential for future smart personalised
systems. Working in this emerging field requires comprehension of an array of
physiological signals and analysis techniques.
  Pupillometry has been studied for over a century, but it has just recently
started being used in human-computer interaction setups. Traditionally, pupil
size has been used as an indicator of cognitive workload and mental effort.
However, pupil size has been linked to other cognitive processes as well,
ranging from attention to affective processing. We present a short review on
the application of pupillometry in human-computer interaction.
  This paper aims to serve as a primer for the novice, enabling rapid
familiarisation with the latest core concepts. We put special emphasis on
everyday human-computer interface applications to distinguish from the more
common clinical or sports uses of psychophysiology.
  This paper is an extract from a comprehensive review of the entire field of
ambulatory psychophysiology, including 12 similar chapters, plus application
guidelines and systematic review. Thus any citation should be made using the
following reference: B. Cowley, M. Filetti, K. Lukander, J. Torniainen, A.
Henelius, L. Ahonen, O. Barral, I. Kosunen, T. Valtonen, M. Huotilainen, N.
Ravaja, G. Jacucci. The Psychophysiology Primer: a guide to methods and a broad
review with a focus on human-computer interaction. Foundations and Trends in
Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 9, no. 3-4, pp. 150-307, 2016.


title:
Characterizing the Lyman-$\alpha$ flux probability distribution function
  using Legendre polynomials

abstract:
  The Lyman-$\alpha$ forest is a highly non-linear field with a lot of
information available in the data beyond the power spectrum. The flux
probability distribution function (PDF) has been used as a successful probe of
small-scale physics. In this paper we argue that measuring coefficients of the
Legendre polyonomial expansion of the PDF offers several advantages over
measuring the binned values as is commonly done. In particular, $n$-th
coefficient can be expressed as a linear combination of the first $n$ moments,
allowing these coefficients to be measured in the presence of noise and
allowing a clear route for marginalisation over mean flux. Moreover, in the
presence of noise, our numerical work shows that a finite number of
coefficients are well measured with a very sharp transition into noise
dominance. This compresses the available information into a small number of
well-measured quantities. We find that the amount of recoverable information is
a very non-linear function of spectral noise that strongly favors fewer quasars
measured at better signal to noise.


title: Hartree potential dependent exchange functional

abstract:
  We introduce a novel non-local ingredient for the construction of exchange
density functionals: the reduced Hartree parameter, which is invariant under
the uniform scaling of the density and represents the exact exchange
enhancement factor for one- and two-electron systems. The reduced Hartree
parameter is used together with the conventional meta-generalized gradient
approximation (meta-GGA) semilocal ingredients (i.e. the electron density, its
gradient and the kinetic energy density) to construct a new generation exchange
functional, termed u-meta-GGA. This u-meta-GGA functional is exact for {the
exchange of} any one- and two-electron systems, is size-consistent and
non-empirical, satisfies the uniform density scaling relation, and recovers the
modified gradient expansion derived from the semiclassical atom theory. For
atoms, ions, jellium spheres, and molecules, it shows a good accuracy, being
often better than meta-GGA exchange functionals. Our construction validates the
use of the reduced Hartree ingredient in exchange-correlation functional
development, opening the way to an additional rung in the Jacob's ladder
classification of non-empirical density functionals.


title:
Conformity, anticonformity and polarization of opinions: insights from a
  mathematical model of opinion dynamics

abstract:
  Understanding and quantifying polarization in social systems is important
because of many reasons. It could for instance help to avoid segregation and
conflicts in the society or to control polarized debates and predict their
outcomes. In this paper we present a version of the $q$-voter model of opinion
dynamics with two types of response to social influence: conformity (like in
original $q$-voter model) and anticonformity. We put the model on a social
network with the double-clique topology in order to check how the interplay
between those responses impacts the opinion dynamics in a population divided
into two antagonistic segments. The model is analyzed analytically, numerically
and by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Our results show that the systems
undergoes two bifurcations as the number of cross-links between cliques
changes. Below the first critical point consensus in the entire system is
possible. Thus two antagonistic cliques may share the same opinion only if they
are loosely connected. Above that point the system ends up in a polarized
state.


title:
Bose-Einstein condensates with balanced gain and loss beyond mean-field
  theory

abstract:
  Most of the work done in the field of Bose-Einstein condensates with balanced
gain and loss has been performed in the mean-field approximation using the
PT-symmetric Gross-Pitaevskii equation. In this work we study the many-particle
dynamics of a two-mode condensate with balanced gain and loss described by a
master equation in Lindblad form whose purity periodically drops to small
values but then is nearly completely restored. This effect cannot be covered by
the mean-field approximation, in which a completely pure condensate is assumed.
We present analytic solutions for the dynamics in the non-interacting limit and
use the Bogoliubov backreaction method to discuss the influence of the on-site
interaction. Our main result is that the strength of the purity revivals is
almost exclusively determined by the strength of the gain and loss and is
independent of the amount of particles in the system and the interaction
strength. For larger particle numbers, however, strong revivals are shifted
towards longer times, but by increasing the interaction strength these strong
revivals again occur earlier.


title:
Optimisation of confinement in a fusion reactor using a nonlinear
  turbulence model

abstract:
  The confinement of heat in the core of a magnetic fusion reactor is optimised
using a multidimensional optimisation algorithm. For the first time in such a
study, the loss of heat due to turbulence is modelled at every stage using
first-principles nonlinear simulations which accurately capture the turbulent
cascade and large-scale zonal flows. The simulations utilise a novel approach,
with gyrofluid treatment of the small-scale drift waves and gyrokinetic
treatment of the large-scale zonal flows. A simple near-circular equilibrium
with standard parameters is chosen as the initial condition. The figure of
merit, fusion power per unit volume, is calculated, and then two control
parameters, the elongation and triangularity of the outer flux surface, are
varied, with the algorithm seeking to optimise the chosen figure of merit. A
two-fold increase in the plasma power per unit volume is achieved by moving to
higher elongation and strongly negative triangularity.


abstract:
  A translation of "Verallgemeinerung des Sylow'schen Satzes" by F. G.
Frobenius, Sitzungsberichte K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1895 (II).


title:
Importance Sampling and Necessary Sample Size: an Information Theory
  Approach

abstract:
  Importance sampling approximates expectations with respect to a target
measure by using samples from a proposal measure. The performance of the method
over large classes of test functions depends heavily on the closeness between
both measures. We derive a general bound that needs to hold for importance
sampling to be successful, and relates the $f$-divergence between the target
and the proposal to the sample size. The bound is deduced from a new and simple
information theory paradigm for the study of importance sampling. As examples
of the general theory we give necessary conditions on the sample size in terms
of the Kullback-Leibler and $\chi^2$ divergences, and the total variation and
Hellinger distances. Our approach is non-asymptotic, and its generality allows
to tell apart the relative merits of these metrics. Unsurprisingly, the
non-symmetric divergences give sharper bounds than total variation or
Hellinger. Our results extend existing necessary conditions -and complement
sufficient ones- on the sample size required for importance sampling.