title:
Tunneling from a Minkowski vacuum to an AdS vacuum: A new thin-wall
  regime

abstract:
  Using numerical and analytic methods, we study quantum tunneling from a
Minkowski false vacuum to an anti-de Sitter true vacuum. Scanning the parameter
space of theories with quartic and non-polynomial potentials, we find that for
any given potential tunneling is completely quenched if gravitational effects
are made sufficiently strong. For potentials where $\epsilon$, the energy
density difference between the vacua, is small compared to the barrier height,
this occurs in the thin-wall regime studied by Coleman and De Luccia. However,
we find that other potentials, possibly with $\epsilon$ much greater than the
barrier height, produce a new type of thin-wall bounce when gravitational
effects become strong. We show that the critical curve that bounds the region
in parameter space where the false vacuum is stable can be found by a
computationally simple overshoot/undershoot argument. We discuss the treatment
of boundary terms in the bounce calculation and show that, with proper
regularization, one obtains an identical finite result for the tunneling
exponent regardless of whether or not these are included. Finally, we briefly
discuss the extension of our results to transitions between anti-de Sitter
vacua.


title:
Strain coupling of a mechanical resonator to a single quantum emitter in
  diamond

abstract:
  The recent maturation of hybrid quantum devices has led to significant
enhancements in the functionality of a wide variety of quantum systems. In
particular, harnessing mechanical resonators for manipulation and control has
expanded the use of two-level systems in quantum information science and
quantum sensing. In this letter, we report on a monolithic hybrid quantum
device in which strain fields associated with resonant vibrations of a diamond
cantilever dynamically control the optical transitions of a single
nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect center in diamond. We quantitatively characterize
the strain coupling to the orbital states of the NV center, and with mechanical
driving, we observe NV-strain couplings exceeding 10 GHz. Furthermore, we use
this strain-mediated coupling to match the frequency and polarization
dependence of the zero-phonon lines of two spatially separated and initially
distinguishable NV centers. The experiments demonstrated here mark an important
step toward engineering a quantum device capable of realizing and probing the
dynamics of non-classical states of mechanical resonators, spin-systems, and
photons.


title: Bands in $L_p$-spaces

abstract:
  For a general measure space $(\Omega,\mu)$, it is shown that for every band
$M$ in $L_p(\mu)$ there exists a decomposition $\mu=\mu'+\mu^{\prime\prime}$
such that $M=L_p(\mu')=\{f\in L_p(\mu);f=0\ \mu^{\prime\prime}\text{-a.e.}\}$.
The theory is illustrated by an example, with an application to absorption
semigroups.


title: Descending Price Optimally Coordinates Search

abstract:
  Investigating potential purchases is often a substantial investment under
uncertainty. Standard market designs, such as simultaneous or English auctions,
compound this with uncertainty about the price a bidder will have to pay in
order to win. As a result they tend to confuse the process of search both by
leading to wasteful information acquisition on goods that have already found a
good purchaser and by discouraging needed investigations of objects,
potentially eliminating all gains from trade. In contrast, we show that the
Dutch auction preserves all of its properties from a standard setting without
information costs because it guarantees, at the time of information
acquisition, a price at which the good can be purchased. Calibrations to
start-up acquisition and timber auctions suggest that in practice the social
losses through poor search coordination in standard formats are an order of
magnitude or two larger than the (negligible) inefficiencies arising from
ex-ante bidder asymmetries.


title:
Role of Berry phase theory for describing orbital magnetism: From
  magnetic heterostructures to topological orbital ferromagnets

abstract:
  We address the importance of the modern theory of orbital magnetization for
spintronics. Based on an all-electron first-principles approach, we demonstrate
that the predictive power of the routinely employed "atom-centered"
approximation is limited to materials like elemental bulk ferromagnets, while
the application of the modern theory of orbital magnetization is crucial in
chemically or structurally inhomogeneous systems such as magnetic thin films,
and materials exhibiting non-trivial topology in reciprocal and real
space,~e.g.,~Chern insulators or non-collinear systems. We find that the modern
theory is particularly crucial for describing magnetism in a class of materials
that we suggest here $-$ topological orbital ferromagnets.


title:
Multi-Object Tracking with Multiple Birth, Death, and Spawn Scenarios
  Using A Randomized Hypothesis Generation Technique (R-FISST)

abstract:
  In multi-object tracking one may encounter situations were at any time step
the number of possible hypotheses is too large to generate exhaustively. These
situations generally occur when there are multiple ambiguous measurement
returns that can be associated to many objects. This paper contains a newly
developed approach that keeps the aforementioned situations computationally
tractable. Utilizing a hypothesis level derivation of the Finite Set Statistics
(FISST) Bayesian recursions for multi-object tracking we are able to propose a
randomized method called randomized FISST (R-FISST). Like our previous methods,
this approach utilizes Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods to sample highly
probable hypotheses, however, the newly developed (R-FISST) can account for
hypotheses containing multiple births and death within the MCMC sampling. This
alleviates the burden of having to exhaustively enumerate all birth and death
hypotheses and makes the method more equipped to handle spawn scenarios. We
test our method on Space Situational Awareness (SSA) scenarios with spawn
events.


title: Hardy spaces for Bessel-Schr\"odinger operators

abstract:
  Consider the Bessel operator with a potential on L^2((0,infty), x^a dx),
namely Lf(x) = -f"(x) - a/x f'(x) + V(x)f(x). We assume that a>0 and V\in
L^1_{loc}((0,infty), x^a dx) is a non-negative function. By definition, a
function f\in L^1((0,infty), x^a dx) belongs to the Hardy space H^1(L) if
sup_{t>0} |e^{-tL} f| \in L^1((0,infty), x^a dx). Under certain assumptions on
V we characterize the space H^1(L) in terms of atomic decompositions of local
type. In the second part we prove that this characterization can be applied to
L for a \in (0,1) with no additional assumptions on the potential V.


title: On Existence of Solutions to Structured Lyapunov Inequalities

abstract:
  In this paper, we derive sufficient conditions on drift matrices under which
block-diagonal solutions to Lyapunov inequalities exist. The motivation for the
problem comes from a recently proposed basis pursuit algorithm. In particular,
this algorithm can provide approximate solutions to optimisation programmes
with constraints involving Lyapunov inequalities using linear or second order
cone programming. This algorithm requires an initial feasible point, which we
aim to provide in this paper. Our existence conditions are based on the
so-called $\mathcal{H}$ matrices. We also establish a link between
$\mathcal{H}$ matrices and an application of a small gain theorem to the drift
matrix. We finally show how to construct these solutions in some cases without
solving the full Lyapunov inequality.


title: Irrelevance of $f_{0}(500)$ in bulk thermal properties

abstract:
  We discuss why the scalar-isoscalar resonance $f_{0}(500)$ should in practice
not be included in thermal models describing the freeze-out of heavy-ion
collisions. Its contribution into pion multiplicities is in principle relevant
because it is light and it decays only into pions. However, it is cancelled to
a very good numerical precision by the non-resonant scalar-isotensor repulsion
among pions. Our approach is an application of a well-known theorem relating
spectral function to phase shifts. The numerical results are solely based on
pion-pion scattering data and thus model independent.


title: Fiber Bragg Grating Based Thermometry

abstract:
  In recent years there has been considerable interest in developing photonic
temperature sensors such as the Fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) as an alternative to
resistance thermometry. In this study we examine the thermal response of FBGs
over the temperature range of 233 K to 393 K. We demonstrate, in a hermetically
sealed dry Argon environment, that FBG devices show a quadratic dependence on
temperature with expanded uncertainties (k = 2) of ~500 mK. Our measurements
indicate that the combined measurement uncertainty is dominated by uncertainty
in determining the peak center fitting and by thermal aging of polyimide coated
fibers.


title: Stability, Efficiency, and Contentedness of Social Storage Networks

abstract:
  Social storage systems are a good alternative to existing data backup systems
of local, centralized, and P2P backup. In this paper, we look at two untouched
aspects of social storage systems. One aspect involves modelling social storage
as an endogenous social network, where agents themselves decide with whom they
want to build data backup relation. The second aspect involves studying the
stability of social storage systems, which would help reduce maintenance costs
and further, help build efficient as well as contented networks.
  We have a four fold contribution that covers the above two aspects. We,
first, model the social storage system as a strategic network formation game.
We define the utility of each agent in the network under two different
frameworks. Second, we propose the concept of bilateral stability which refines
the pairwise stability concept defined by Jackson et. al. 1996, by requiring
mutual consent for both addition and deletion of links, as compared to mutual
consent just for link addition. Mutual consent for link deletion is especially
important in the social storage setting. Third, we prove necessary and the
sufficient conditions for bilateral stability of social storage networks. For
symmetric social storage networks, we prove that there exists a unique
neighborhood size, independent of the number of agents (for all non-trivial
cases), where no pair of agents has any incentive to increase or decrease their
neighborhood size. We call this neighborhood size as the stability point.
Fourth, given the number of agents and other parameters, we discuss which
bilaterally stable networks would evolve and also discuss which of these stable
networks are efficient --- that is, stable networks with maximum sum of
utilities of all agents. We also discuss ways to build contented networks,
where each agent achieves the maximum possible utility.


title:
Towards Photonics Enabled Quantum Metrology of Temperature, Pressure and
  Vacuum

abstract:
  This chapter presents a brief overview of photonic sensor and standards
development that is currently undergoing in the thermodynamic metrology group
at NIST in the areas of temperature, pressure, vacuum and time-resolved
pressure measurements.


title: Supersymmetric quantum mechanics and topology

abstract:
  Supersymmetric quantum mechanical models are computed by the Path integral
approach. In the $\beta\rightarrow0$ limit, the integrals localize to the zero
modes. This allows us to perform the index computations exactly because of
supersymmetric localization, and we will show how the geometry of target space
enters the physics of sigma models resulting in the relationship between the
supersymmetric model and the geometry of the target space in the form of
topological invariants. Explicit computation details are given for the Euler
characteristics of the target manifold, and the index of Dirac operator for the
model on a spin manifold.


title: Predictive Analytics Using Smartphone Sensors for Depressive Episodes

abstract:
  The behaviors of patients with depression are usually difficult to predict
because the patients demonstrate the symptoms of a depressive episode without a
warning at unexpected times. The goal of this research is to build algorithms
that detect signals of such unusual moments so that doctors can be proactive in
approaching already diagnosed patients before they fall in depression. Each
patient is equipped with a smartphone with the capability to track its sensors.
We first find the home location of a patient, which is then augmented with
other sensor data to identify sleep patterns and select communication patterns.
The algorithms require two to three weeks of training data to build standard
patterns, which are considered normal behaviors; and then, the methods identify
any anomalies in day-to-day data readings of sensors. Four smartphone sensors,
including the accelerometer, the gyroscope, the location probe and the
communication log probe are used for anomaly detection in sleeping and
communication patterns.


title: The Sub-band Vectoring Technique for Multi-Operator Environments

abstract:
  Self- and alien-FEXT disturbances on the same cable severely limit
performance in the commonly employed VDSL2 17a, i.e. 17.6 MHz, standard
profile. Then, in a multi-operator environment, VDSL2 may be unable to provide
the 100 Mbit/s speed required by the EC's policy target, unless vectoring is
adopted along with a suitable Multi-Operator Vectoring (MOV) technique. Some
vendors recently proposed enlarging the bandwidth up to 35.2~MHz (so-called
e-VDSL) as one possible solution to increase the 100 Mbit/s coverage. However,
as we show in the paper, the bandwidth advantage is illusory as an "ideal MOV"
is not implementable with today's technology, and alien-FEXT practically
destroys the envisaged data-rate increase. Therefore, we introduce the Sub-band
Vectoring (SBV) technique, as one practical solution, which turns out to be
near optimal in terms of achievable data-rate, as well as incremental for those
Countries where the NRA adopts sub-loop unbundling regulation. SBV adopts a
novel frequency division multiplexing approach, which imposes one fairness
condition to equalize data-rate values and overall bandwidth per operator at
different distances. The paper shows that e-VDSL with SBV is robust, as it can
cope with relatively high values of vectoring impairments. It also shows that
the SBV allows up to three co-located operators with e-VDSL to coexist, without
imposing any of the burdensome coordination limitations of the ideal MOV
architecture. Our results show that the SBV allows achieving up to 210 Mbit/s
per user for e-VDSL and up to 620 Mbit/s per user for a bandwidth expanded up
to 105.6 MHz, with two telecom operators. Finally, the paper shows that a
migration strategy towards usage of the G.fast standard thanks to SBV is
achieved in a simple way.


title: Relativistic Solutions of Anisotropic Compact Objects

abstract:
  We present a class of new relativistic solutions with anisotropic fluid for
compact stars in hydrostatic equilibrium. The interior space-time geometry
considered here for compact objects are described by parameters namely,
$\lambda$, $k$, $A$, $R$ and $n$. The values of the geometrical parameters are
determined here for obtaining a class of physically viable stellar models. The
energy-density, radial pressure and tangential pressure are finite and positive
inside the anisotropic stars. Considering some stars of known mass we present
stellar models which describe compact astrophysical objects with nuclear
density.


title: Part-of-Speech Relevance Weights for Learning Word Embeddings

abstract:
  This paper proposes a model to learn word embeddings with weighted contexts
based on part-of-speech (POS) relevance weights. POS is a fundamental element
in natural language. However, state-of-the-art word embedding models fail to
consider it. This paper proposes to use position-dependent POS relevance
weighting matrices to model the inherent syntactic relationship among words
within a context window. We utilize the POS relevance weights to model each
word-context pairs during the word embedding training process. The model
proposed in this paper paper jointly optimizes word vectors and the POS
relevance matrices. Experiments conducted on popular word analogy and word
similarity tasks all demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.


title: Cartier crystals and perverse constructible \'etale $p$-torsion sheaves

abstract:
  For an $F$-finite scheme $X$ separated over a perfect field $k$ of
characteristic $p>0$ which admits an embedding into a smooth $k$-scheme, we
establish an equivalence between the bounded derived categories of Cartier
crystals on $X$ and constructible $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$-sheaves on the
\'{e}tale site $X_{\text{\'{e}t}}$. The key intermediate step is to extend the
category of locally finitely generated unit $\mathcal{O}_{F,X}$-modules for
smooth schemes introduced by Emerton and Kisin to embeddable schemes. On the
one hand, this category is equivalent to Cartier crystals. On the other hand,
by using Emerton-Kisin's Riemann-Hilbert correspondence, we show that it is
equivalent to Gabber's category of perverse sheaves in
$D_c^b(X_{\text{\'{e}t}},\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})$. Furthermore, we define
intermediate extensions for Cartier crystals and show that our equivalence
between Cartier crystals and perverse constructible \'{e}tale sheaves commutes
with the intermediate extension functor.


title:
Joint Projection and Dictionary Learning using Low-rank Regularization
  and Graph Constraints

abstract:
  In this paper, we aim at learning simultaneously a discriminative dictionary
and a robust projection matrix from noisy data. The joint learning, makes the
learned projection and dictionary a better fit for each other, so a more
accurate classification can be obtained. However, current prevailing joint
dimensionality reduction and dictionary learning methods, would fail when the
training samples are noisy or heavily corrupted. To address this issue, we
propose a joint projection and dictionary learning using low-rank
regularization and graph constraints (JPDL-LR). Specifically, the
discrimination of the dictionary is achieved by imposing Fisher criterion on
the coding coefficients. In addition, our method explicitly encodes the local
structure of data by incorporating a graph regularization term, that further
improves the discriminative ability of the projection matrix. Inspired by
recent advances of low-rank representation for removing outliers and noise, we
enforce a low-rank constraint on sub-dictionaries of all classes to make them
more compact and robust to noise. Experimental results on several benchmark
datasets verify the effectiveness and robustness of our method for both
dimensionality reduction and image classification, especially when the data
contains considerable noise or variations.


title:
Multi-layered chalcogenides with potential for magnetism and
  superconductivity

abstract:
  Layered thallium copper chalcogenides can form single, double, or triple
layers of Cu-Ch separated by Tl sheets. Here we report on the preparation and
properties of Tl-based materials of TlCu2Se2, TlCu4S3, TlCu4Se3 and TlCu6S4,
and compare to reports on layered ACu2nChn+1 materials with A = Ba, K, Rb, and
Cs, and Ch = S, Se. Having no long-range magnetism for these materials is quite
surprising considering the possibilities of inter- and intra-layer exchange
interactions through Cu 3d, and we measure by magnetic susceptibility and
confirm by neutron diffraction. First principles density-functional theory
calculations for both the single-layer TlCu2Se2 (isostructural to the 122
iron-based superconductors) and the double-layer TlCu4Se3 suggest a lack of
Fermi-level spectral weight that is needed to drive a magnetic or
superconducting instability. The electronic structure calculations show a much
greater likelihood of magnetism for multiple structural layers with Fe.


title:
Secure cloud computations: Description of (fully)homomorphic ciphers
  within the P-adic model of encryption

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the description of homomorphic and fully
homomorphic ciphers in the $p$-adic model of encryption. This model describes a
wide class of ciphers, but certainly not all. Homomorphic and fully homomorphic
ciphers are used to ensure the credibility of remote computing, including cloud
technology. The model describes all homomorphic ciphers with respect to
arithmetic and coordinate-wise logical operations in the ring of $p$-adic
integers $Z_p$. We show that there are no fully homomorphic ciphers for each
pair of the considered set of arithmetic and coordinate-wise logical operations
on $Z_p$. We formulate the problem of constructing a fully homomorphic cipher
as follows. We consider a homomorphic cipher with respect to operation "$*$" on
$Z_p$. Then, we describe the complete set of operations "$G$", for which the
cipher is homomorphic. As a result, we construct a fully homomorphic cipher
with respect to the operations "$*$" and "$G$". We give a description of all
operations "$G$", for which we obtain fully homomorphic ciphers with respect to
the operations "$+$" and "$G$" from the homomorphic cipher constructed with
respect to the operation "$+$". We also present examples of such "new"
operations.


title:
Random walks with thermalizing collisions in bounded regions; physical
  applications valid from the ballistic to diffusive regimes

abstract:
  The behavior of a spin undergoing Larmor precession in the presence of
fluctuating fields is of interest to workers in many fields. The fluctuating
fields cause frequency shifts and relaxation which are related to their power
spectrum, which can be determined by taking the Fourier transform of the
auto-correlation functions of the field fluctuations. Recently we have shown
how to calculate these correlation functions for all values of mean free path
(ballistic to diffusive motion) in finite bounded regions, using the model of
persistent continuous time random walks (CTRW) for particles subject to
scattering by fixed (frozen) scattering centers so that the speed of the moving
particles is not changed by the collisions. In this work we show how scattering
with energy exchange from an ensemble of scatterers in thermal equilibrium can
be incorporated into the CTRW. We present results for 1,2 and 3 dimensions. The
results agree for all these cases contrary to the previously studied 'frozen'
models. Our results for the velocity autocorrelation function show a long time
tail $\left( \sim t^{-1/2}\right) $, which we also obtain from conventional
diffusion theory, with the same power, independent of dimensionality. Our
results are valid for any Markovian scattering kernel as well as any kernel
based on a scattering cross section $\sim1/v.$


title:
Universal composite prox-method for strictly convex optimization
  problems

abstract:
  We propose a simple way to explain Univerasal method of Yu. Nesterov. Based
on this method and using the restart technique we propose Universal method for
strictly convex optimization problems. We consider general proximal set up (not
necessarily euclidian one).


title:
Hermitian Yang-Mills metrics on reflexive sheaves over asymptotically
  cylindrical K\"ahler manifolds

abstract:
  We prove an analogue of the Donaldson-Uhlenbeck-Yau theorem for
asymptotically cylindrical K\"ahler manifolds: If $\mathscr{E}$ is a reflexive
sheaf over an ACyl K\"ahler manifold, which is asymptotic to a $\mu$-stable
holomorphic vector bundle, then it admits an asymptotically
translation-invariant protectively Hermitian Yang-Mills metrics (with curvature
in $L^2_{\mathrm{loc}}$ across the singular set). Our proof combines the
analytic continuity method of Uhlenbeck and Yau [UY86] with the geometric
regularization scheme introduced by Bando and Siu [BS94].


title:
Kinks in the parametrically excited sine-Gordon equation and method of
  averaging

abstract:
  Parametrically excited sine-Gordon equation is considered. Excitation is a
fast oscillating periodic function with zero mean. Technique of classical
method of averaging enables to construct the averaged equations in a variety of
assumptions about driving amplitude. The averaged equation possesses kinks
solutions. The results can be applied to the study of movement of Bloch walls
for ferromagnetic crystals in the presence of a rapidly oscillating magnetic
field and to describe the fluxon dynamics in long Josephson junctions.


title: Probabilistic Reasoning via Deep Learning: Neural Association Models

abstract:
  In this paper, we propose a new deep learning approach, called neural
association model (NAM), for probabilistic reasoning in artificial
intelligence. We propose to use neural networks to model association between
any two events in a domain. Neural networks take one event as input and compute
a conditional probability of the other event to model how likely these two
events are to be associated. The actual meaning of the conditional
probabilities varies between applications and depends on how the models are
trained. In this work, as two case studies, we have investigated two NAM
structures, namely deep neural networks (DNN) and relation-modulated neural
nets (RMNN), on several probabilistic reasoning tasks in AI, including
recognizing textual entailment, triple classification in multi-relational
knowledge bases and commonsense reasoning. Experimental results on several
popular datasets derived from WordNet, FreeBase and ConceptNet have all
demonstrated that both DNNs and RMNNs perform equally well and they can
significantly outperform the conventional methods available for these reasoning
tasks. Moreover, compared with DNNs, RMNNs are superior in knowledge transfer,
where a pre-trained model can be quickly extended to an unseen relation after
observing only a few training samples. To further prove the effectiveness of
the proposed models, in this work, we have applied NAMs to solving challenging
Winograd Schema (WS) problems. Experiments conducted on a set of WS problems
prove that the proposed models have the potential for commonsense reasoning.


title:
Orthogonal polynomials associated with equilibrium measures on
  $\mathbb{R}$

abstract:
  Let $K$ be a non-polar compact subset of $\mathbb{R}$ and $\mu_K$ denote the
equilibrium measure of $K$. Furthermore, let $P_n\left(\cdot, \mu_K\right)$ be
the $n$-th monic orthogonal polynomial for $\mu_K$. It is shown that
$\|P_n\left(\cdot, \mu_K\right)\|_{L^2(\mu_K)}$, the Hilbert norm of
$P_n\left(\cdot, \mu_K\right)$ in $L^2(\mu_K)$, is bounded below by
$\mathrm{Cap}(K)^n$ for each $n\in\mathbb{N}$. A sufficient condition is given
for
$\displaystyle\left(\|P_n\left(\cdot;\mu_K\right)\|_{L^2(\mu_K)}/\mathrm{Cap}(K)^n\right)_{n=1}^\infty$
to be unbounded. More detailed results are presented for sets which are union
of finitely many intervals.


title: Area, Entanglement Entropy and Supertranslations at Null Infinity

abstract:
  The area of a cross-sectional cut $\Sigma$ of future null infinity
($\mathcal{I}^+$) is infinite. We define a finite, renormalized area by
subtracting the area of the same cut in any one of the infinite number of
BMS-degenerate classical vacua. The renormalized area acquires an anomalous
dependence on the choice of vacuum. We relate it to the modular energy,
including a soft graviton contribution, of the region of $\mathcal{I}^+$ to the
future of $\Sigma$. Under supertranslations, the renormalized area shifts by
the supertranslation charge of $\Sigma$. In quantum gravity, we conjecture a
bound relating the renormalized area to the entanglement entropy across
$\Sigma$ of the outgoing quantum state on $\mathcal{I}^+$.


title:
STIRAP preparation of a coherent superposition of ThO $H^3\Delta_1$
  states for an improved electron EDM measurement

abstract:
  Experimental searches for the electron electric dipole moment (EDM) probe new
physics beyond the Standard Model. The current best EDM limit was set by the
ACME Collaboration [Science \textbf{343}, 269 (2014)], constraining time
reversal symmetry ($T$) violating physics at the TeV energy scale. ACME used
optical pumping to prepare a coherent superposition of ThO $H^3\Delta_1$ states
that have aligned electron spins. Spin precession due to the molecule's
internal electric field was measured to extract the EDM. We report here on an
improved method for preparing this spin-aligned state of the electron by using
STIRAP. We demonstrate a transfer efficiency of $75\pm5\%$, representing a
significant gain in signal for a next generation EDM experiment. We discuss the
particularities of implementing STIRAP in systems such as ours, where molecular
ensembles with large phase-space distributions are transfered via weak
molecular transitions with limited laser power and limited optical access.


title:
Serre weights and wild ramification in two-dimensional Galois
  representations

abstract:
  A generalization of Serre's Conjecture asserts that if $F$ is a totally real
field, then certain characteristic $p$ representations of Galois groups over
$F$ arise from Hilbert modular forms. Moreover it predicts the set of weights
of such forms in terms of the local behavior of the Galois representation at
primes over $p$. This characterization of the weights, which is formulated
using $p$-adic Hodge theory, is known under mild technical hypotheses if $p >
2$. In this paper we give, under the assumption that $p$ is unramified in $F$,
a conjectural alternative description for the set of weights. Our approach is
to use the Artin-Hasse exponential and local class field theory to construct
bases for local Galois cohomology spaces in terms of which we identify
subspaces that should correspond to ones defined using $p$-adic Hodge theory.
The resulting conjecture amounts to an explicit description of wild
ramification in reductions of certain crystalline Galois representations. It
enables the direct computation of the set of Serre weights of a Galois
representation, which we illustrate with numerical examples. A proof of this
conjecture has been announced by Calegari, Emerton, Gee and Mavrides.


title: Analyzing the Targets of Hate in Online Social Media

abstract:
  Social media systems allow Internet users a congenial platform to freely
express their thoughts and opinions. Although this property represents
incredible and unique communication opportunities, it also brings along
important challenges. Online hate speech is an archetypal example of such
challenges. Despite its magnitude and scale, there is a significant gap in
understanding the nature of hate speech on social media. In this paper, we
provide the first of a kind systematic large scale measurement study of the
main targets of hate speech in online social media. To do that, we gather
traces from two social media systems: Whisper and Twitter. We then develop and
validate a methodology to identify hate speech on both these systems. Our
results identify online hate speech forms and offer a broader understanding of
the phenomenon, providing directions for prevention and detection approaches.


title:
Obstructing pseudoconvex embeddings and contractible Stein fillings for
  Brieskorn spheres

abstract:
  A conjecture due to Gompf asserts that no nontrivial Brieskorn homology
sphere admits a pseudoconvex embedding in ${\mathbb C}^2$, with either
orientation. A related question asks whether every compact contractible
4-manifold admits the structure of a Stein domain. We verify Gompf's
conjecture, with one orientation, for a family of Brieskorn spheres of which
some are known to admit a smooth embedding in ${\mathbb C}^2$. With the other
orientation our methods do not resolve the question, but do give rise to an
example of a contractible, boundary-irreducible 4-manifold that admits no Stein
structure with either orientation, though its boundary has Stein fillings with
both orientations.


title:
Computationally Recoverable Camouflage: A Universal Model for
  Privacy-Aware Location-Based Services

abstract:
  With the prevalence of location-based services (LBSs) supported by advanced
positioning technology, there is a dramatic increase in the transmission of
high-precision personal geographical data. Malicious use of these sensitive
data will threaten the privacy of LBS users. Although privacy research in LBSs
has received wide attention, related works are mostly focused on some specific
applications. Due to high diversity of LBSs, it is critical to build a
universal model that is able to handle privacy protection for broader range of
applications. In this paper, we propose a Computationally Recoverable
Camouflage (CRC) model, where LBS users can preserve privacy by reporting
camouflaged location information and are able to flexibly leverage between the
service quality and the achieved privacy in different applications by adjusting
the precision of the camouflage information. In particular, we propose a novel
camouflage algorithm with formal privacy guarantee that considers both location
context and social context, enabling LBS users to scalably expose camouflage
information in terms of two dimensions. Furthermore, we apply the Scalable
Ciphertext Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (SCP-ABE) algorithm to enforce
fine-grained access control on the two-dimensional-scalable camouflage
information. Through successful implementations on Android devices, we have
demonstrated the computational efficiency of the proposed CRC model.


title:
A portable electronic system for in-situ measurements of oil
  concentration in MetalWorking fluids

abstract:
  MetalWorking Fluids (MWFs) are widely used to cool and lubricate machines and
tools. By far, the most common MWFs are oil-in-water emulsions with oil
concentration (C oil) in the range from 1% to 10%, depending on type of oil,
material to be worked, etc. In order to optimize emulsion and machine
performance, as well as for good waste policy, the right value of C oil should
be kept (approximately) constant during the MWF's lifecycle to compensate
inevitable changes due to water evaporation, bacterial attack, oil adhesion to
metal parts, etc.. This, however, requires periodic measurements, often skipped
because they require unhandy operations and produce inaccurate results. In this
context, a new system is presented that is based on the falling ball principle,
normally used for viscosity measurements, shown to be suitable also for
accurate C oil measurements. In our system, the transit time of the sphere
within the instrument is determined by means of inductive proximity sensors, a
PT100 sensor is used for temperature whose effects on C oil are accounted for
by means of an ad-hoc algorithm. A battery-operated electronic board has been
designed that allows rapid and user-friendly " in-situ " measurements and a
prototype of an whole portable and automatic instrument, suitable for in-situ
measurements, has been fabricated.


title: Chiral polyhedra and finite simple groups

abstract:
  We prove that every finite non-abelian simple group acts as the automorphism
group of a chiral polyhedron, apart from the groups $PSL_2(q)$, $PSL_3(q)$,
$PSU_3(q)$ and $A_7$.


title: On tessellations of random maps and the $t_g$-recurrence

abstract:
  We study the masses of the two cells in a Vorono\"i tessellation of the
Brownian surface of genus $g\geq 0$ centered on two uniform random points.
Making use of classical bijections and asymptotic estimates for maps of fixed
genus, we relate the second moment of these random variables to the
Painlev\'e-I equation satisfied by the double scaling limit of the one-matrix
model, or equivalently to the "$t_g$-recurrence" satisfied by the constants
$t_g$ driving the asymptotic number of maps of genus $g\geq0$. This raises the
question of giving an independent probabilistic or combinatorial derivation of
this second moment, which would then lead to new proof of the $t_g$-recurrence.
  More generally we conjecture that for any $g\geq 0$ and $k\geq 2$, the masses
of the cells in a Vorono\"i tessellation of the genus-$g$ Brownian surface by
$k$ uniform points follows a Dirichlet$(1,1,\dots,1)$ distribution.


title: Short-Lived Electron Transfer in Donor-Bridge-Acceptor Systems

abstract:
  We investigate time-dependent electron transfer (ET) in benchmark
donor-bridge-acceptor systems. For the small bridge sizes studied, we obtain
results far different from the perturbation theory which underlies
scattering-based approaches, notably a lack of destructive interference in the
ET for certain arrangements of bridge molecules. We also calculate wavepacket
transmission in the non-steady-state regime, finding a featureless spectrum,
while for the current we find two types of transmission: sequential and direct,
where in the latter, the current transmission increases as a function of the
energy of the transferred electron, a regime inaccessible by conventional
scattering theory.


title:
A combinatorial solution to M{\oe}glin's parametrization of Arthur
  packets for p-adic quasisplit $Sp(N)$ and $O(N)$

abstract:
  We develop a general procedure to study the combinatorial structure of Arthur
packets for $p$-adic quasisplit $Sp(N)$ and $O(N)$ following the works of
M{\oe}glin. This allows us to answer many delicate questions concerning the
Arthur packets of these groups, for example the size of the packets.


title: Design of acoustic metamaterials through nonlinear programming

abstract:
  The dispersive wave propagation in a periodic metamaterial with tetrachiral
topology and inertial local resonators is investigated. The Floquet-Bloch
spectrum of the metamaterial is compared with that of the tetrachiral beam
lattice material without resonators. The resonators can be designed to open and
shift frequency band gaps, that is, spectrum intervals in which harmonic waves
do not propagate. Therefore, an optimal passive control of the frequency band
structure can be pursued in the metamaterial. To this aim, a suitable
constrained nonlinear optimization problem on a compact set of admissible
geometrical and mechanical parameters is stated. According to functional
requirements, the particular set of parameters which determines the largest
low-frequency band gap between a pair of consecutive branches of the
Floquet-Bloch spectrum is obtained. The optimization problem is successfully
solved by means of a version of the method of moving asymptotes, combined with
a quasi-Monte Carlo multi-start technique.


title: Totaro's Question for Tori of Low Rank

abstract:
  Let $G$ be a smooth connected linear algebraic group and $X$ be a $G$-torsor.
Totaro asked: if $X$ admits a zero-cycle of degree $d \geq 1$, then does $X$
have a closed \'etale point of degree dividing $d$? This question is entirely
unexplored in the literature for algebraic tori. We settle Totaro's question
affirmatively for algebraic tori of rank $\leq 2$.


title: Back to 1974: The $\mathcal Q$-onium

abstract:
  We show that the 750 GeV di-photon excess could be explained by the
${\mathcal Q}-$onium system of a new QCD-like theory with fermions vectorial
under the SM. Beside the spin-0 di-photon singlet this scenario predicts almost
degenerate colored scalars and spin-1 resonances analogous to the $J/\Psi$ in
QCD. All these states are within the reach of the LHC. An apparent large width
can be explained as due to production of excited states with splitting $\Delta
m\sim \Gamma$.


title: Under recurrence in the Khintchine recurrence theorem

abstract:
  The Khintchine recurrence theorem asserts that on a measure preserving
system, for every set $A$ and $\varepsilon>0$, we have $\mu(A\cap T^{-n}A)\geq
\mu(A)^2-\varepsilon$ for infinitely many $n\in \mathbb{N}$. We show that there
are systems having under-recurrent sets $A$, in the sense that the inequality
$\mu(A\cap T^{-n}A)< \mu(A)^2$ holds for every $n\in \mathbb{N}$. In
particular, all ergodic systems of positive entropy have under-recurrent sets.
On the other hand, answering a question of V.~Bergelson, we show that not all
mixing systems have under-recurrent sets. We also study variants of these
problems where the previous strict inequality is reversed, and deduce that
under-recurrence is a much more rare phenomenon than over-recurrence. Finally,
we study related problems pertaining to multiple recurrence and derive some
interesting combinatorial consequences.


title:
A critical reassessment of particle Dark Matter limits from dwarf
  satellites

abstract:
  Dwarf satellite galaxies are ideal laboratories for identifying particle Dark
Matter signals. When setting limits on particle Dark Matter properties from
null searches, it becomes however crucial the level at which the Dark Matter
density profile within these systems is constrained by observations. In the
limit in which the spherical Jeans equation is assumed to be valid for a given
tracer stellar population, we study the solution of this equation having the
Dark Matter mass profile as an output rather than as a trial parametric input.
Within our new formulation, we address to what level dwarf spheroidal galaxies
feature a reliable mass estimator. We assess then possible extrapolation of the
density profiles in the inner regions and -- keeping explicit the dependence on
the orbital anisotropy profile of the tracer population -- we derive general
trends on the line-of-sight integral of the density profile squared, a quantity
commonly dubbed $J$-factor and crucial to estimate fluxes from prompt Dark
Matter pair annihilations. Taking Ursa Minor as a study case among Milky Way
satellites, we perform Bayesian inference using the available kinematical data
for this galaxy. Contrary to all previous studies, we avoid marginalization
over quantities poorly constrained by observations or by theoretical arguments.
We find minimal $J$-factors to be about 2 to 4 times smaller than commonly
quoted estimates, approximately relaxing by the same amount the limit on Dark
Matter pair annihilation cross section from gamma-ray surveys of Ursa Minor. At
the same time, if one goes back to a fixed trial parametric form for the
density, e.g. using a NFW or Burkert profile, we show that the minimal $J$ can
hardly be reduced by more than a factor of 1.5.


title: RCSLenS: The Red Cluster Sequence Lensing Survey

abstract:
  We present the Red-sequence Cluster Lensing Survey (RCSLenS), an application
of the methods developed for the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey
(CFHTLenS) to the ~785deg$^2$, multi-band imaging data of the Red-sequence
Cluster Survey 2 (RCS2). This project represents the largest public,
sub-arcsecond seeing, multi-band survey to date that is suited for weak
gravitational lensing measurements. With a careful assessment of systematic
errors in shape measurements and photometric redshifts we extend the use of
this data set to allow cross-correlation analyses between weak lensing
observables and other data sets. We describe the imaging data, the data
reduction, masking, multi-colour photometry, photometric redshifts, shape
measurements, tests for systematic errors, and a blinding scheme to allow for
more objective measurements. In total we analyse 761 pointings with r-band
coverage, which constitutes our lensing sample. Residual large-scale B-mode
systematics prevent the use of this shear catalogue for cosmic shear science.
The effective number density of lensing sources over an unmasked area of
571.7deg$^2$ and down to a magnitude limit of r~24.5 is 8.1 galaxies per
arcmin$^2$ (weighted: 5.5 arcmin$^{-2}$) distributed over 14 patches on the
sky. Photometric redshifts based on 4-band griz data are available for 513
pointings covering an unmasked area of 383.5 deg$^2$ We present weak lensing
mass reconstructions of some example clusters as well as the full survey
representing the largest areas that have been mapped in this way. All our data
products are publicly available through CADC at
  http://www.cadc-ccda.hia-iha.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/community/rcslens/query.html
  in a format very similar to the CFHTLenS data release.


title:
CFHTLenS and RCSLenS Cross-Correlation with Planck Lensing Detected in
  Fourier and Configuration Space

abstract:
  We measure the cross-correlation signature between the Planck CMB lensing map
and the weak lensing observations from both the Red-sequence Cluster Lensing
Survey (RCSLenS) and the Canada-France-Hawai Telescope Lensing Survey
(CFHTLenS). In addition to a Fourier analysis, we include the first
configuration-space detection, based on the estimators $\langle \kappa_{\rm
CMB} \kappa_{\rm gal} \rangle$ and $\langle \kappa_{\rm CMB} \gamma_{t}
\rangle$. Combining 747.2 deg$^2$ from both surveys, we find a detection
significance that exceeds $4.2\sigma$ in both Fourier- and configuration-space
analyses. Scaling the predictions by a free parameter $A$, we obtain $A^{\rm
Planck}_{\rm CFHT}= 0.68\pm 0.31 $ and $A^{\rm Planck}_{\rm RCS}= 1.31\pm
0.33$. In preparation for the next generation of measurements similar to these,
we quantify the impact of different analysis choices on these results. First,
since none of these estimators probes the exact same dynamical range, we
improve our detection by combining them. Second, we carry out a detailed
investigation on the effect of apodization, zero-padding and mask
multiplication, validated on a suite of high-resolution simulations, and find
that the latter produces the largest systematic bias in the cosmological
interpretation. Finally, we show that residual contamination from intrinsic
alignment and the effect of photometric redshift error are both largely
degenerate with the characteristic signal from massive neutrinos, however the
signature of baryon feedback might be easier to distinguish. The three lensing
datasets are now publicly available.


title: A new dynamical instability in Anti-de-Sitter spacetime

abstract:
  We present fully dynamical solutions to Einstein-scalar theory in
asymptotically Anti-de-Sitter spacetime with a scalar potential containing
particularly rich physics. Depending on one parameter in the potential we find
an especially interesting regime, which exhibits a thermodynamically stable,
but dynamically unstable black brane, even at zero momentum. We show this using
the non-linear dynamics, and give a clear interpretation in terms of the
spectrum of linearized perturbations. Our results translate directly to their
dual strongly coupled non-conformal field theories.


title:
Full Regularity and Well-Posedness of the Nonlinear Unsteady Prandtl
  Equations with Robin or Dirichlet Boundary Condition

abstract:
  In this paper, we study the full regularity and well-posedness of classical
solutions to the nonlinear unsteady Prandtl equations with Robin or Dirichlet
boundary condition in half space. Under Oleinik's monotonicity assumption, we
prove the large time existence of classical solutions to the nonlinear Prandtl
equations with Robin or Dirichlet boundary condition, when both initial
vorticity and the general Euler flow are sufficiently small. For the general
Euler flow, the vertical velocity of the Prandtl flow is unbounded. We prove
that the Prandtl solutions preserve the full regularities in our solution
spaces. The uniqueness and stability are also proved in the weighted Sobolev
spaces.


title: Revisiting double Dirac delta potential

abstract:
  We study a general double Dirac delta potential to show that this is the
simplest yet versatile solvable potential to introduce double wells, avoided
crossings, resonances and perfect transmission ($T=1$). Perfect transmission
energies turn out to be the critical property of symmetric and anti-symmetric
cases wherein these discrete energies are found to correspond to the
eigenvalues of Dirac delta potential placed symmetrically between two rigid
walls. For well(s) or barrier(s), perfect transmission [or zero reflectivity,
$R(E)$] at energy $E=0$ is non-intuitive. However, earlier this has been found
and called "threshold anomaly". Here we show that it is a critical phenomena
and we can have $ 0 \le R(0)<1$ when the parameters of the double delta
potential satisfy an interesting condition. We also invoke zero-energy and zero
curvature eigenstate ($\psi(x)=Ax+B$) of delta well between two symmetric rigid
walls for $R(0)=0$. We resolve that the resonant energies and the perfect
transmission energies are different and they arise differently.


title: The odd-order Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator

abstract:
  We consider a Hamiltonian formulation of the (2n+1)-order generalization of
the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator with distinct frequencies of oscillation. This
system is invariant under time translations. However, the corresponding Noether
integral of motion is unbounded from below and can be presented as a direct sum
of 2n one-dimensional harmonic oscillators with an alternating sign. If this
integral of motion plays a role of a Hamiltonian, a quantum theory of the
Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator faces a ghost problem. We construct an alternative
canonical formulation for the system under study to avoid this nasty feature.


title:
A Cautionary Note on the Thermal Boundary Layer Similarity Scaling for
  the Turbulent Boundary Layer

abstract:
  Wang and Castillo have developed empirical parameters for scaling the
temperature profile of the turbulent boundary layer flowing over a heated wall
in the paper X. Wang and L. Castillo, J. Turbul., 4, 1(2003). They presented
experimental data plots that showed similarity type behavior when scaled with
their new scaling parameters. However, what was actually plotted, and what
actually showed similarity type behavior, was not the temperature profile but
the defect profile formed by subtracting the temperature in the boundary layer
from the temperature in the bulk flow. We show that if the same data and same
scaling is replotted as just the scaled temperature profile, similarity is no
longer prevalent. This failure to show both defect profile similarity and
temperature profile similarity is indicative of false similarity. The nature of
this false similarity problem is discussed in detail.


title:
Cosmic Reionization On Computers: The Faint End of the Galaxy Luminosity
  Function

abstract:
  Using numerical cosmological simulations completed under the "Cosmic
Reionization On Computers" (CROC) project, I explore theoretical predictions
for the faint end of the galaxy UV luminosity functions at $z\geq 6$. A
commonly used Schechter function approximation with the magnitude cut at
$M_{\rm CUT}\sim-13$ provides a reasonable fit to the actual luminosity
function of simulated galaxies. When the Schechter functional form is forced on
the luminosity functions from the simulations, the magnitude cut $M_{\rm CUT}$
is found to vary between $-12$ and $-14$ with a mild redshift dependence. An
analytical model of reionization from Madau, Haardt & Rees (1997), as used by
Robertson et al. (2015), provides a good description of the simulated results,
but only if the redshift dependence of the effective escape fraction (induced
by physical processes not captured by the Madau, Haardt & Rees model) is
accounted for.


title: Acceleration of petaelectronvolt protons in the Galactic Centre

abstract:
  Galactic cosmic rays reach energies of at least a few Peta-electronvolts (1
PeV =$10^\mathbf{15}$ electron volts). This implies our Galaxy contains PeV
accelerators (PeVatrons), but all proposed models of Galactic cosmic-ray
accelerators encounter non-trivial difficulties at exactly these energies. Tens
of Galactic accelerators capable of accelerating particle to tens of TeV (1 TeV
=$10^\mathbf{12}$ electron volts) energies were inferred from recent gamma-ray
observations. None of the currently known accelerators, however, not even the
handful of shell-type supernova remnants commonly believed to supply most
Galactic cosmic rays, have shown the characteristic tracers of PeV particles:
power-law spectra of gamma rays extending without a cutoff or a spectral break
to tens of TeV. Here we report deep gamma-ray observations with arcminute
angular resolution of the Galactic Centre regions, which show the expected
tracer of the presence of PeV particles within the central 10~parsec of the
Galaxy. We argue that the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* is linked to
this PeVatron. Sagittarius A* went through active phases in the past, as
demonstrated by X-ray outbursts and an outflow from the Galactic Centre.
Although its current rate of particle acceleration is not sufficient to provide
a substantial contribution to Galactic cosmic rays, Sagittarius A* could have
plausibly been more active over the last $\gtrsim 10^{6-7}$ years, and
therefore should be considered as a viable alternative to supernova remnants as
a source of PeV Galactic cosmic rays.


title:
When does a star cluster become a multiple star system? I. Lifetimes of
  equal-mass small-N systems

abstract:
  What is the difference between a long-lived unstable (or quasi-stable)
multiple star system and a bona fide star cluster? In this paper, we present a
possible framework to address this question, by studying the distributions of
disruption times for chaotic gravitational encounters as a function of the
number of interacting particles. To this end, we perform a series of numerical
scattering experiments with the \texttt{FEWBODY} code, to calculate the
distributions of disruption times as a function of both the particle number N
and the virial coefficient k. The subsequent distributions are fit with a
physically-motivated function, consisting of an initial exponential decay
followed by a very slowly decreasing tail at long encounter times due to
long-lived quasi-stable encounters. We find three primary features
characteristic of the calculated distributions of disruption times. These are:
(1) the system half-life increases with increasing particle number, (2) the
fraction of long-lived quasi-stable encounters increases with increasing
particle number and (3) both the system half-life and the fraction of
quasi-stable encounters increase with decreasing virial coefficient. We discuss
the significance of our results for collisional dynamics, and consider the
extrapolation of our results to larger-N systems. We suggest that this could
potentially offer a clear and unambiguous distinction between star clusters and
(unstable or quasi-stable) multiple star systems. Although we are limited by
very small-number statistics, our results tentatively suggest that (for our
assumptions) this transition occurs at a critical particle number of order 100.


title:
First Detection of Galactic Latitude Dependence of Near-Infrared Diffuse
  Galactic Light from DIRBE Reanalysis

abstract:
  Observational study on near-infrared (IR) scattering properties of
interstellar dust grains has been limited due to its faintness. Using all-sky
maps obtained from Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment (DIRBE), we
investigate the scattering property from diffuse Galactic light (DGL)
measurements at 1.25, 2.2, and 3.5 {\mu}m in addition to our recent analyses of
diffuse near-IR emission (Sano et al. 2015; Sano et al. 2016). As a result, we
first find that the intensity ratios of near-IR DGL to 100 {\mu}m emission
increase toward low Galactic latitudes at 1.25 and 2.2 {\mu}m. The derived
latitude dependence can be reproduced by a scattered light model of
interstellar dust with a large scattering asymmetry factor g = <cos{\theta}> of
$0.8^{+0.2}_{-0.3}$ at 1.25 and 2.2 {\mu}m, assuming an infinite Galaxy disk as
an illuminating source. The derived asymmetry factor is comparable to the
values obtained in the optical, but several times larger than that expected
from a recent dust model. Since possible latitude dependence of
ultraviolet-excited dust emission at 1.25 and 2.2 {\mu}m would reduce the large
asymmetry factor to the reasonable value, our result may indicate the first
detection of such an additional emission component in the diffuse interstellar
medium.


title:
Prompt Radiation and Mass Outflows from the Stream-Stream Collisions of
  Tidal Disruption Events

abstract:
  Stream-stream collisions play an important role for the circularization of
highly eccentric streams resulting from tidal disruption events (TDEs). We
perform three dimensional radiation hydrodynamic simulations to show that
stream collisions can contribute significant optical and ultraviolet light to
the flares produced by TDEs, and can sometimes explain the majority of the
observed emission. Our simulations focus on the region near the radiation
pressure dominated shock produced by a collision and track how the kinetic
energy of the stream is dissipated by the associated shock. When the mass flow
rate of the stream $\dot{M}$ is a significant fraction of the Eddington
accretion rate, $\gtrsim2\%$ of the initial kinetic energy is converted to
radiation directly as a result of the collision. In this regime, the collision
redistributes the specific kinetic energy into the downstream gas and more than
$16\%$ of the mass can become unbound. The fraction of unbound gas decreases
rapidly as $\dot{M}$ drops significantly below the Eddington limit, with no
unbound gas being produced when $\dot{M}$ drops to $1\%$ of Eddington; we find
however that the radiative efficiency increases slightly to $\lesssim 8\%$ in
these low $\dot{M}$ cases. The effective radiation temperature and size of the
photosphere is determined by the stream velocity and $\dot{M}$, which we find
to be a few times $10^4$~K and $10^{14}$~cm in our calculations, comparable to
the inferred values of some TDE candidates. The photosphere size is directly
proportional to $\dot{M}$, which can explain the rapidly changing photosphere
sizes seen in TDE candidates such as PS1-10jh.


title: The Rotation of the Hot Gas Around the Milky Way

abstract:
  The hot gaseous halos of galaxies likely contain a large amount of mass and
are an integral part of galaxy formation and evolution. The Milky Way has a 2e6
K halo that is detected in emission and by absorption in the OVII resonance
line against bright background AGNs, and for which the best current model is an
extended spherical distribution. Using XMM-Newton RGS data, we measure the
Doppler shifts of the OVII absorption-line centroids toward an ensemble of
AGNs. These Doppler shifts constrain the dynamics of the hot halo, ruling out a
stationary halo at about 3sigma and a corotating halo at 2sigma, and leading to
a best-fit rotational velocity of 183+/-41 km/s for an extended halo model.
These results suggest that the hot gas rotates and that it contains an amount
of angular momentum comparable to that in the stellar disk. We examined the
possibility of a model with a kinematically distinct disk and spherical halo.
To be consistent with the emission-line X-ray data the disk must contribute
less than 10% of the column density, implying that the Doppler shifts probe
motion in the extended hot halo.


title:
Possibilities Determine the Combinatorial Structure of Probability
  Polytopes

abstract:
  We study the set of no-signalling empirical models on a measurement scenario,
and show that the combinatorial structure of the no-signalling polytope is
completely determined by the possibilistic information given by the support of
the models. This is a special case of a general result which applies to all
polytopes presented in a standard form, given by linear equations together with
non-negativity constraints on the variables.


title: Continuum Observations of M51 and M83 at 1.1 mm with AzTEC

abstract:
  We observed the spiral galaxies M51 and M83 at 20" spatial resolution with
the bolometer array AzTEC on the JCMT in the 1.1$\,$mm continuum, recovering
the extended emission out to galactocentric radii of more than 12 kpc in both
galaxies. The 1.1 mm-continuum fluxes are 5.6+/-0.7 and 9.9+/-1.4 Jy, with
associated gas masses estimated at 9.4 X 10^9 Mo and 7.2 X 10^9 Mo for M51 and
M83, respectively. In the interarm regions of both galaxies the N(H2)/I(CO) (or
X-factor) ratios exceed those in the arms by factors of ~1.5-2. In the inner
disks of both galaxies, the X-factor is about 1 X 10^20 cm^-2 / (K km s^-1). In
the outer parts, the CO-dark molecular gas becomes more important.
  While the spiral density wave in M51 appears to influence the interstellar
medium and stars in a similar way, the bar potential in M83 influences the
interstellar medium and the stars differently. We confirm the result of Foyle
et al. (2010) that the arms merely heighten the star formation rate and the gas
surface density in the same proportion. Our maps reveal a threshold gas surface
density for an SFR increase by two or more orders of magnitude. In both galaxy
centers, the molecular gas depletion time is about 1 Gyr climbing to 10-20 Gyr
at radii of 6-8 kpc. This is consistent with an inside-out depletion of the
molecular gas in the disks of spiral galaxies.


title: The Planar Tree Packing Theorem

abstract:
  Packing graphs is a combinatorial problem where several given graphs are
being mapped into a common host graph such that every edge is used at most
once. In the planar tree packing problem we are given two trees T1 and T2 on n
vertices and have to find a planar graph on n vertices that is the
edge-disjoint union of T1 and T2. A clear exception that must be made is the
star which cannot be packed together with any other tree. But according to a
conjecture of Garc\'ia et al. from 1997 this is the only exception, and all
other pairs of trees admit a planar packing. Previous results addressed various
special cases, such as a tree and a spider tree, a tree and a caterpillar, two
trees of diameter four, two isomorphic trees, and trees of maximum degree
three. Here we settle the conjecture in the affirmative and prove its general
form, thus making it the planar tree packing theorem. The proof is constructive
and provides a polynomial time algorithm to obtain a packing for two given
nonstar trees.


title:
Skill-Based Differences in Spatio-Temporal Team Behavior in Defence of
  The Ancients 2

abstract:
  Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games are among the most played
digital games in the world. In these games, teams of players fight against each
other in arena environments, and the gameplay is focused on tactical combat.
Mastering MOBAs requires extensive practice, as is exemplified in the popular
MOBA Defence of the Ancients 2 (DotA 2). In this paper, we present three
data-driven measures of spatio-temporal behavior in DotA 2: 1) Zone changes; 2)
Distribution of team members and: 3) Time series clustering via a fuzzy
approach. We present a method for obtaining accurate positional data from DotA
2. We investigate how behavior varies across these measures as a function of
the skill level of teams, using four tiers from novice to professional players.
Results indicate that spatio-temporal behavior of MOBA teams is related to team
skill, with professional teams having smaller within-team distances and
conducting more zone changes than amateur teams. The temporal distribution of
the within-team distances of professional and high-skilled teams also generally
follows patterns distinct from lower skill ranks.


title: Vector Boson Fusion Searches for Dark Matter at the LHC

abstract:
  The vector boson fusion (VBF) event topology at the Large Hadron Collider
(LHC) allows efficient suppression of dijet backgrounds and is therefore a
promising target for new physics searches. We consider dark matter models which
interact with the Standard Model through the electroweak sector: either through
new scalar and pseudoscalar mediators which can be embedded into the Higgs
sector, or via effective operators suppressed by some higher scale, and
therefore have significant VBF production cross-sections. Using realistic
simulations of the ATLAS and CMS analysis chain, including estimates of major
error sources, we project the discovery and exclusion potential of the LHC for
these models over the next decade.


title: Violation of Bell inequality based on $S_4$ symmetry

abstract:
  In two recent papers (Phys. Rev. A90 (2014), 062121 and Phys. Rev. A91
(2015), 052110) an interesting method of analyzing the violation of Bell
inequalities has been proposed which is based on the theory of finite group
representations. We apply here this method to more complicated example of $S_4$
symmetry. We show how the Bell inequality can be related to the symmetries of
regular tetrahedron. By choosing the orbits of threedimensional representation
of $S_4$ determined by the geometry of tetrahedron we find that the Bell
inequality under consideration is violated in quantum theory. The corresponding
nonlocal game is analyzed.


title: Magnetization ground state and reversal modes of magnetic nanotori

abstract:
  In this work, and by means of micromagnetic simulations, we study the
magnetic properties of toroidal nanomagnets. The magnetization ground state for
different values of the aspect ratio between the toroidal and polar radii of
the nanotorus has been obtained. The hysteresis curves are also obtained,
evidencing the existence of two reversal modes depending on the geometry: a
vortex mode and a coherent rotation. A comparison between toroidal and
cylindrical nanoparticles has been performed evidencing that nanotori can
accommodate a vortex as the ground state for smaller volume than cylindrical
nanorings. This is important because if vortices are used as bits of
information, nanotori allow a higher density data storage.


title: Area Functional Relation for 5D-Gauss-Bonnet-AdS Black Hole

abstract:
  We present \emph{area (or entropy) functional relation} for multi-horizons
five dimensional (5D) Einstein-Maxwell-Gauss-Bonnet-AdS Black Hole. It has been
observed by exact and explicit calculation that some complicated function of
two or three horizons area is \emph{mass-independent} whereas the entropy
product relation is \emph{not} mass-independent. We also study the local
thermodynamic stability of this black hole. The phase transition occurs at
certain condition. \emph{Smarr mass formula} and \emph{first law} of
thermodynamics have been derived. This \emph{mass-independent} relation
suggests they could turn out to be an \emph{universal} quantity and further
helps us to understanding the nature of black hole entropy (both interior and
exterior) at the microscopic level. In the \emph{Appendix}, we have derived the
thermodynamic products for 5D Einstein-Maxwell-Gauss-Bonnet black hole with
\emph{vanishing} cosmological constant.


title:
Optofluidic Temperature and Pressure Measurements with Fiber Bragg
  Gratings Embedded in Microfluidic Devices

abstract:
  The integration of photonic sensors into microfluidic devices provides
opportunities for dynamic measurement of chemical and physical properties of
fluids in very small volumes. We previously reported on the use of commercially
available Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) and on-chip silicon waveguides for
temperature sensing. In this report, we demonstrate the integration of FBGs
into easy-to-fabricate microfluidic devices and report on their sensitivity for
temperature and pressure measurement in microliter volumes. These sensors
present new routes to measurement in microfluidic applications such as
small-volume calorimetry and microflow metrology.


title:
Mass Independent Area (or Entropy) and Thermodynamic Volume Products in
  Conformal Gravity

abstract:
  In this work we investigate the thermodynamic properties of conformal gravity
in four dimensions. We compute the \emph{area(or entropy) functional} relation
for this black hole. We consider both de-Sitter (dS) and anti de-Sitter (AdS)
cases. We derive the \emph{Cosmic-Censorship-Inequality} which is an important
relation in general relativity that relates the total mass of a spacetime to
the area of all the black hole horizons. Local thermodynamic stability is
studied by computing the specific heat. The second order phase transition
occurs at a certain condition. Various type of second order phase structure has
been given for various values of $a$ and the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ in
the Appendix. When $a=0$, one obtains the result of Schwarzschild-dS and
Schwarzschild-AdS cases. In the limit $aM<<1$, one obtains the result of
Grumiller space-time. Where $a$ is non-trivial Rindler parameter or Rindler
acceleration and $M$ is the mass parameter. The \emph{thermodynamic volume
functional} relation is derived in the \emph{extended phase space}, where the
cosmological constant treated as a thermodynamic pressure and its conjugate
variable as a thermodynamic volume. The \emph{mass-independent} area (or
entropy) functional relation and thermodynamic volume functional relation that
we have derived could turn out to be a \emph{universal} quantity.


title: Coarse-to-Fine Segmentation With Shape-Tailored Scale Spaces

abstract:
  We formulate a general energy and method for segmentation that is designed to
have preference for segmenting the coarse structure over the fine structure of
the data, without smoothing across boundaries of regions. The energy is
formulated by considering data terms at a continuum of scales from the scale
space computed from the Heat Equation within regions, and integrating these
terms over all time. We show that the energy may be approximately optimized
without solving for the entire scale space, but rather solving time-independent
linear equations at the native scale of the image, making the method
computationally feasible. We provide a multi-region scheme, and apply our
method to motion segmentation. Experiments on a benchmark dataset shows that
our method is less sensitive to clutter or other undesirable fine-scale
structure, and leads to better performance in motion segmentation.


title:
Low regularity exponential-type integrators for semilinear Schr\"odinger
  equations

abstract:
  We introduce low regularity exponential-type integrators for nonlinear
Schr\"odinger equations for which first-order convergence only requires the
boundedness of one additional derivative of the solution. More precisely, we
will prove first-order convergence in $H^r$ for solutions in $H^{r+1}$
($r>d/2$) of the derived schemes. This allows us lower regularity assumptions
on the data in the energy space than for instance required for classical
splitting or exponential integration schemes. For one dimensional quadratic
Schr\"odinger equations we can even prove first-order convergence without any
loss of regularity. Numerical experiments underline the favorable error
behavior of the newly introduced exponential-type integrators for low
regularity solutions compared to classical splitting and exponential
integration schemes.


title:
On the determinacy of the moment problem for symmetric algebras of a
  locally convex space

abstract:
  This note aims to show a uniqueness property for the solution (whenever
exists) to the moment problem for the symmetric algebra $S(V)$ of a locally
convex space $(V, \tau)$. Let $\mu$ be a measure representing a linear
functional $L: S(V)\to\mathbb{R}$. We deduce a sufficient determinacy condition
on $L$ provided that the support of $\mu$ is contained in the union of the
topological duals of $V$ w.r.t. to countably many of the seminorms in the
family inducing $\tau$. We compare this result with some already known in
literature for such a general form of the moment problem and further discuss
how some prior knowledge on the support of the representing measure influences
its determinacy.


title: Thermodynamic Products in Extended Phase Space

abstract:
  We have examined the thermodynamic properties for a variety of spherically
symmetric charged-AdS black hole (BH) solutions, including the charged AdS BH
surrounded by quintessence dark energy and charged AdS BH in $f(R)$ gravity in
\emph{extended phase-space}. This framework involves treating the cosmological
constant as thermodynamic variable (for example: thermodynamic pressure and
thermodynamic volume). Then they should behave as an analog of Van der Waal
(VdW) like systems. In the extended phase space we have calculated the
\emph{entropy product} and \emph{thermodynamic volume product} of all horizons.
The mass (or enthalpy) independent nature of the said product signals they are
\emph{universal} quantities. %Various type of phase diagram of the specific
heat has been drawn. The divergence of the specific heat indicates that the
second order phase transition occurs under certain condition. In the
appendix-A, we have studied the thermodynamic volume products for axisymmetric
spacetime and it is shown to be \emph{not universal} in nature. Finally, in
appendix-B, we have studied the $P-V$ criticality of Cauchy horizon for
charged-AdS BH and found to be an universal relation of critical values between
two horizons as $P_{c}^{-} = P_{c}^{+}$, $v_{c}^{-}=v_{c}^{+}$, $T_{c}^{-} =
-T_{c}^{+}$, $\rho_{c}^{-} = -\rho_{c}^{+}$. The symbols are defined in the
main work.


title:
Pathway Lasso: Estimate and Select Sparse Mediation Pathways with High
  Dimensional Mediators

abstract:
  In many scientific studies, it becomes increasingly important to delineate
the causal pathways through a large number of mediators, such as genetic and
brain mediators. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a popular technique to
estimate the pathway effects, commonly expressed as products of coefficients.
However, it becomes unstable to fit such models with high dimensional
mediators, especially for a general setting where all the mediators are
causally dependent but the exact causal relationships between them are unknown.
This paper proposes a sparse mediation model using a regularized SEM approach,
where sparsity here means that a small number of mediators have nonzero
mediation effects between a treatment and an outcome. To address the model
selection challenge, we innovate by introducing a new penalty called Pathway
Lasso. This penalty function is a convex relaxation of the non-convex product
function, and it enables a computationally tractable optimization criterion to
estimate and select many pathway effects simultaneously. We develop a fast
ADMM-type algorithm to compute the model parameters, and we show that the
iterative updates can be expressed in closed form. On both simulated data and a
real fMRI dataset, the proposed approach yields higher pathway selection
accuracy and lower estimation bias than other competing methods.


title: $P-V$ Criticality of Conformal Gravity Holography in Four Dimensions

abstract:
  {We examine the critical behaviour i. e. $P-V$ criticality of conformal
gravity~(CG) in an extended phase space in which the cosmological constant
should be interpreted as a thermodynamic pressure and the corresponding
conjugate quantity as a thermodynamic volume.} The main potential point of
interest in CG is that there exists a {non-trivial} \emph{Rindler parameter
($a$)} in the {spacetime geometry. This geometric parameter has an important
role to construct a model for gravity at large distances where the parameter
"$a$" actually originates}. We also investigate the effect of the said
parameter on the {black hole~(BH) \emph{thermodynamic} equation of state,
critical constants, Reverse Isoperimetric Inequality,} {first law of
thermodynamics, Hawking-Page phase transition and Gibbs free energy} for this
BH. We speculate that due to the presence of the said parameter, there has been
a deformation {in the shape} of {the} isotherms in the $P-V$ diagram in
comparison with {the} charged-AdS~(anti de-Sitter) BH and {the} chargeless-AdS
BH. Interestingly, we find {that} the \emph{critical ratio} for this BH is
$\rho_{c} = \frac{P_{c} v_{c}}{T_{c}}=
\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}\right)$, which is greater than the
charged AdS BH and Schwarzschild-AdS BH {i.e.}
$\rho_{c}^{CG}:\rho_{c}^{Sch-AdS}:\rho_{c}^{RN-AdS} = 0.67:0.50:0.37$. The
symbols are defined in the main work. Moreover, we observe that \emph{{the}
critical ratio {has a constant value}} and {it is} independent of the
{non-trivial} \emph{Rindler parameter ($a$)}. Finally, we derive {the}
\emph{reduced equation of state} in terms of {the} \emph{reduced temperature},
{the} \emph{reduced volume} and {the} \emph{reduced pressure} respectively.


title:
Equilibrium Selection in Information Elicitation without Verification
  via Information Monotonicity

abstract:
  Peer-prediction is a mechanism which elicits privately-held, non-variable
information from self-interested agents---formally, truth-telling is a strict
Bayes Nash equilibrium of the mechanism. The original Peer-prediction mechanism
suffers from two main limitations: (1) the mechanism must know the "common
prior" of agents' signals; (2) additional undesirable and non-truthful
equilibria exist which often have a greater expected payoff than the
truth-telling equilibrium. A series of results has successfully weakened the
known common prior assumption. However, the equilibrium multiplicity issue
remains a challenge.
  In this paper, we address the above two problems. In the setting where a
common prior exists but is not known to the mechanism we show (1) a general
negative result applying to a large class of mechanisms showing truth-telling
can never pay strictly more in expectation than a particular set of equilibria
where agents collude to "relabel" the signals and tell the truth after
relabeling signals; (2) provide a mechanism that has no information about the
common prior but where truth-telling pays as much in expectation as any
relabeling equilibrium and pays strictly more than any other symmetric
equilibrium; (3) moreover in our mechanism, if the number of agents is
sufficiently large, truth-telling pays similarly to any equilibrium close to a
"relabeling" equilibrium and pays strictly more than any equilibrium that is
not close to a relabeling equilibrium.


title: Thermodynamic Product Relations for Generalized Regular Black Hole

abstract:
  We derive thermodynamic product relations for four-parametric regular black
hole (BH) solutions of the Einstein equations coupled with a non-linear
electrodynamics source. The four parameters can be described by the mass ($m$),
charge ($q$), dipole moment ($\alpha$) and quadrupole moment ($\beta$)
respectively. We study its complete thermodynamics. We compute different
thermodynamic products i.e. area product, BH temperature product, specific heat
product and Komar energy product respectively. Furthermore, we show that some
complicated function of horizon areas that is indeed \emph{mass-independent}
and could turn out to be \emph{universal}.


title:
Robust automatic photometry of local galaxies from SDSS Dissecting the
  color magnitude relation with color profiles

abstract:
  We present an automatic procedure to perform reliable photometry of galaxies
on SDSS images. We selected a sample of 5853 galaxies in the Coma and Virgo
superclusters. For each galaxy, we derive Petrosian g and i magnitudes, surface
brightness profiles and color profiles. Unlike the SDSS pipeline, our procedure
is not affected by the well known shredding problem and efficiently extracts
Petrosian magnitudes for all galaxies. Hence we derived magnitudes even from
the population of galaxies missed by the SDSS that represents 25% of all Local
supercluster galaxies and ~95% of galaxies with g < 11 mag. After correcting
the g and i magnitudes for Galactic and internal extinction, the blue and red
sequences in the color magnitude diagram are well separated, with similar
slopes. In addition, we study (i) the color-magnitude diagrams in different
galaxy regions, the inner (r <= 1 kpc), intermediate (0.2R{Pet} <=r<=
0.3R{Pet}) and outer, disk-dominated (r>=0.35R{Pet})) zone, and (ii), we
compute template color profiles, discussing the dependences of the templates on
the galaxy masses and on their morphological type. The two analyses
consistently lead to a picture where elliptical galaxies show no color
gradients, irrespective of their masses. Spirals, instead, display a steeper
gradient in their color profiles with increasing mass, consistently with the
growing relevance of a bulge and/or a bar component above 10^{10} Modot.


title: Logarithmic Corrections in Black Hole Entropy Product Formula

abstract:
  It has been shown by explicit and exact calculation that whenever we have
taken the \emph{effects of stable thermal fluctuations} the entropy product
formula should \emph{not be mass-independent} nor \emph{does it quantized}. It
has been examined by giving some specific examples for non-rotating and
rotating black hole.


title:
Methodology for determining the electronic thermal conductivity of
  metals via direct non-equilibrium ab initio molecular dynamics

abstract:
  Many physical properties of metals can be understood in terms of the free
electron model, as proven by the Wiedemann-Franz law. According to this model,
electronic thermal conductivity ($\kappa_{el}$) can be inferred from the
Boltzmann transport equation (BTE). However, the BTE does not perform well for
some complex metals, such as Cu. Moreover, the BTE cannot clearly describe the
origin of the thermal energy carried by electrons or how this energy is
transported in metals. The charge distribution of conduction electrons in
metals is known to reflect the electrostatic potential (EP) of the ion cores.
Based on this premise, we develop a new methodology for evaluating
$\kappa_{el}$ by combining the free electron model and non-equilibrium ab
initio molecular dynamics (NEAIMD) simulations. We demonstrate that the kinetic
energy of thermally excited electrons originates from the energy of the spatial
electrostatic potential oscillation (EPO), which is induced by the thermal
motion of ion cores. This method directly predicts the $\kappa_{el}$ of pure
metals with a high degree of accuracy.


title:
Control of a velocity-sensitive audio-band quantum non-demolition
  interferometer

abstract:
  The Sagnac speed meter interferometer topology can potentially provide
enhanced sensitivity to gravitational waves in the audio-band compared to
equivalent Michelson interferometers. A challenge with the Sagnac speed meter
interferometer arises from the intrinsic lack of sensitivity at low frequencies
where the velocity-proportional signal is smaller than the noise associated
with the sensing of the signal. Using as an example the on-going
proof-of-concept Sagnac speed meter experiment in Glasgow, we quantify the
problem and present a solution involving the extraction of a small
displacement-proportional signal. This displacement signal can be combined with
the existing velocity signal to enhance low frequency sensitivity, and we
derive optimal filters to accomplish this for different signal strengths. We
show that the extraction of the displacement signal for low frequency control
purposes can be performed without reducing significantly the quantum
non-demolition character of this type of interferometer.


title:
Expansion for Quantum Statistical Mechanics Based on Wave Function
  Symmetrization

abstract:
  An expansion for quantum statistical mechanics is derived that gives
classical statistical mechanics as the leading term. Each quantum correction
comes from successively larger permutation loops, which arise from the
factorization of the symmetrization of the wave function with respect to
localized particle interchange. Explicit application of the theory yields the
full fugacity expansion for the quantum ideal gas, and the second fugacity
coefficient for interacting quantum particles, which agree with known results.
Compared to the Lee-Yang virial cluster expansion, the present expansion is
expected to be more rapidly converging and the individual terms appear to be
simpler to evaluate. The results obtained in this paper are intended for
practical computer simulation algorithms for terrestrial condensed matter
quantum systems.


title:
A universal tradeoff between power, precision and speed in physical
  communication

abstract:
  Maximizing the speed and precision of communication while minimizing power
dissipation is a fundamental engineering design goal. Also, biological systems
achieve remarkable speed, precision and power efficiency using poorly
understood physical design principles. Powerful theories like information
theory and thermodynamics do not provide general limits on power, precision and
speed. Here we go beyond these classical theories to prove that the product of
precision and speed is universally bounded by power dissipation in any physical
communication channel whose dynamics is faster than that of the signal.
Moreover, our derivation involves a novel connection between friction and
information geometry. These results may yield insight into both the engineering
design of communication devices and the structure and function of biological
signaling systems.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech cs.IT math.IT physics.bio-ph q-bio.NC stat.ML


title:
Preliminary Evidence -- Diagnosed Alzheimer's Disease But Not MCI
  Affects Working Memory Capacity - 0.7 of 2.7 Memory Slots is Lost

abstract:
  Recently it was shown explicitly that free recall consists of two stages: the
first few recalls empty working memory (narrowly defined) and a second stage, a
reactivation stage, concludes the recall (Tarnow, 2015). It was also shown that
the serial position curve changes in mild Alzheimer's disease, lowered total
recall and lessened primacy, are similar to second stage recall and different
from recall from working memory. The Tarnow Unchunkable Test (TUT, Tarnow,
2013) uses double integer items to separate out only the first stage, the
emptying of working memory, by making it difficult to reactivate items due to
the lack of intra-item relationships. Here it is shown that subject TUT selects
out diagnosed Alzheimer's Disease but not MCI. On average, diagnosed
Alzheimer's Disease is correlated with a loss of 0.7 memory slots (out of an
average of 2.7 slots). The identification of a lost memory slot may have
implications for improved stage definitions of Alzheimer's disease and for
remediation therapy via working memory capacity management. In conjunction with
the Alzheimer's disease process map, it may also be useful to identify the
exact location of working memory.


title: The theory of secondary resonances in the spin-orbit problem

abstract:
  We study the resonant dynamics in a simple one degree of freedom, time
dependent Hamiltonian model describing spin-orbit interactions. The equations
of motion admit periodic solutions associated with resonant motions, the most
important being the synchronous one in which most evolved satellites of the
Solar system, including the Moon, are observed. Such primary resonances can be
surrounded by a chain of smaller islands which one refers to as secondary
resonances. Here, we propose a novel canonical normalization procedure allowing
to obtain a higher order normal form, by which we obtain analytical results on
the stability of the primary resonances as well as on the bifurcation
thresholds of the secondary resonances. The procedure makes use of the
expansion in a parameter, called the detuning, measuring the shift from the
exact secondary resonance. Also, we implement the so-called `book-keeping'
method, i.e., the introduction of a suitable separation of the terms in orders
of smallness in the normal form construction, which deals simultaneously with
all the small parameters of the problem. Our analytical computation of the
bifurcation curves is in excellent agreement with the results obtained by a
numerical integration of the equations of motion, thus providing relevant
information on the parameter regions where satellites can be found in a stable
configuration.


title:
Ejection of gaseous clumps from gravitationally unstable protostellar
  disks

abstract:
  We investigate the dynamics of gaseous clumps formed via gravitational
fragmentation in young protostellar disks, focusing on the fragments that are
ejected from the disk via many-body gravitational interaction. Numerical
hydrodynamics simulations were employed to study the evolution of young
protostellar disks formed from the collapse of rotating pre-stellar cores with
mass in the 1.1-1.6 M_sun range. Protostellar disks formed in our models
undergo gravitational fragmentation driven by continuing mass loading from
parental collapsing cores. A few fragments can be ejected from the disk during
the early evolution, but the low-mass fragments (< 15~M_Jup) disperse creating
spectacular bow-type structures while passing through the disk and collapsing
core. The least massive fragment that survived the ejection (21 M_Jup)
straddles the planetary-mass limit, while the most massive ejected fragments
(145 M_Jup) can break up into several pieces, leading to the ejection of wide
separation binary clumps in the brown-dwarf mass range. About half of the
ejected fragments are gravitationally bound, the majority is supported by
rotation against gravity, and all fragments have the specific angular momentum
that is much higher than that expected for brown dwarfs. We found that the
internal structure of the ejected fragments is distinct from what would be
expected for gravitationally contracting clumps formed via cloud core
fragmentation, which can help to differentiate their origin. The ejection of
fragments is an important process inherent to massive protostellar disks, which
produces freely-floating pre-brown dwarf cores, regulates the disk and stellar
masses, and potentially enriches the intracluster medium with processed dust
and complex organics.


title: Controlling the statistical properties of expanding maps

abstract:
  How can one change a system, in order to change its statistical properties in
a prescribed way? In this note we consider a control problem related to the
theory of linear response. Given an expanding map of the unit circle with an
associated invariant density we can consider the inverse problem of finding
which first order changes in the transformation can achieve a given first order
perturbation in the density. We show the general mathematical structure of the
problem, the existence of many solutions in the case of expanding maps of the
circle and the existence of optimal ones. We investigate in depth the example
of the doubling map, where we give a complete solution of the problem.


title: Seeing Invisible Poses: Estimating 3D Body Pose from Egocentric Video

abstract:
  Understanding the camera wearer's activity is central to egocentric vision,
yet one key facet of that activity is inherently invisible to the camera--the
wearer's body pose. Prior work focuses on estimating the pose of hands and arms
when they come into view, but this 1) gives an incomplete view of the full body
posture, and 2) prevents any pose estimate at all in many frames, since the
hands are only visible in a fraction of daily life activities. We propose to
infer the "invisible pose" of a person behind the egocentric camera. Given a
single video, our efficient learning-based approach returns the full body 3D
joint positions for each frame. Our method exploits cues from the dynamic
motion signatures of the surrounding scene--which changes predictably as a
function of body pose--as well as static scene structures that reveal the
viewpoint (e.g., sitting vs. standing). We further introduce a novel energy
minimization scheme to infer the pose sequence. It uses soft predictions of the
poses per time instant together with a non-parametric model of human pose
dynamics over longer windows. Our method outperforms an array of possible
alternatives, including deep learning approaches for direct pose regression
from images.


title:
Analysis of the Intrinsic Mid-Infrared L-band to Visible--Near-Infrared
  Flux Ratios in Spectral Synthesis Models of Composite Stellar Populations

abstract:
  We analyze the intrinsic flux ratios of various visible--near-infrared
filters with respect to 3.5micron for simple and composite stellar populations,
and their dependence on age, metallicity and star formation history. UV/optical
light from stars is reddened and attenuated by dust, where different sightlines
across a galaxy suffer varying amounts of extinction. Tamura et al. (2009)
developed an approximate method to correct for dust extinction on a
pixel-by-pixel basis, dubbed the "beta_V" method, by comparing the observed
flux ratio to an empirical estimate of the intrinsic ratio of visible and
~3.5micron data. Through extensive modeling, we aim to validate the "beta_V"
method for various filters spanning the visible through near-infrared
wavelength range, for a wide variety of simple and composite stellar
populations. Combining Starburst99 and BC03 models, we built spectral energy
distributions (SEDs) of simple (SSP) and composite (CSP) stellar populations
for various realistic star formation histories (SFHs), while taking metallicity
evolution into account. We convolve various 0.44--1.65micron filter throughput
curves with each model SED to obtain intrinsic flux ratios beta_{lam,0}. When
unconstrained in redshift, the total allowed range of beta_{V,0} is 0.6--4.7,
or almost a factor of eight. At known redshifts, and in particular at low
redshifts (z<0.01), beta_{V,0} is predicted to span a narrow range of 0.6--1.9,
especially for early-type galaxies (0.6--0.7), and is consistent with observed
beta_V values. The beta_lam method can therefore serve as a first-order dust
correction method for large galaxy surveys that combine JWST (rest-frame
3.5micron) and HST (rest-frame visible--near-IR) data.


title: Conformal field theory out of equilibrium: a review

abstract:
  We provide a pedagogical review of the main ideas and results in
non-equilibrium conformal field theory and connected subjects. These concern
the understanding of quantum transport and its statistics at and near critical
points. Starting with phenomenological considerations, we explain the general
framework, illustrated by the example of the Heisenberg quantum chain. We then
introduce the main concepts underlying conformal field theory (CFT), the
emergence of critical ballistic transport, and the CFT scattering construction
of non-equilibrium steady states. Using this we review the theory for energy
transport in homogeneous one-dimensional critical systems, including the
complete description of its large deviations and the resulting (extended)
fluctuation relations. We generalize some of these ideas to one-dimensional
critical charge transport and to the presence of defects, as well as beyond
one-dimensional criticality. We describe non-equilibrium transport in
free-particle models, where connections are made with generalized Gibbs
ensembles, and in higher-dimensional and non-integrable quantum field theories,
where the use of the powerful hydrodynamic ideas for non-equilibrium steady
states is explained. We finish with a list of open questions. The review does
not assume any advanced prior knowledge of conformal field theory,
large-deviation theory or hydrodynamics.


title:
Simulation Platform for Multi Agent Based Manufacturing Control System
  Based on The Hybrid Agent

abstract:
  Agent based distributed manufacturing control and scheduling systems are
subsets of new manufacturing systems. Multi agent systems (MAS) not only drive
design and engineering control solutions but also influence flexibility,
agility, and re-configurability, which makes MASs a better centralized systems
than its traditional counterparts. However, implementation of all MASs in the
real factories are timely, also extremely costly. A simulation environment that
would allow independent development and testing of the services and business
processes of the related manufacturing hardware is needed. This paper presents
the design and implementation of a userfriendly simulation platform for multi
agent based manufacturing control systems by considering the shop floor level.
The proposed simulation platform can simulate the software level of the factory
by considering the hardware level of the mentioned factory. An example of the
simulation platform is presented for a flexible manufacturing system, which is
located in EMU CIM lab.


title:
Nonlinear Aggregation-Diffusion Equations: Radial Symmetry and Long Time
  Asymptotics

abstract:
  We analyze under which conditions equilibration between two competing
effects, repulsion modeled by nonlinear diffusion and attraction modeled by
nonlocal interaction, occurs. This balance leads to continuous compactly
supported radially decreasing equilibrium configurations for all masses. All
stationary states with suitable regularity are shown to be radially symmetric
by means of continuous Steiner symmetrization techniques. Calculus of
variations tools allow us to show the existence of global minimizers among
these equilibria. Finally, in the particular case of Newtonian interaction in
two dimensions they lead to uniqueness of equilibria for any given mass up to
translation and to the convergence of solutions of the associated nonlinear
aggregation-diffusion equations towards this unique equilibrium profile up to
translations as $t\to\infty$.


title: Online Budgeted Allocation with General Budgets

abstract:
  We study the online budgeted allocation (also called ADWORDS) problem, where
a set of impressions arriving online are allocated to a set of
budget-constrained advertisers to maximize revenue. Motivated by connections to
Internet advertising, several variants of this problem have been studied since
the seminal work of Mehta, Saberi, Vazirani, and Vazirani (FOCS 2005). However,
this entire body of work focuses on a single budget for every advertising
campaign, whereas in order to fully represent the actual agenda of an
advertiser, an advertising budget should be expressible over multiple tiers of
user-attribute granularity. A simple example is an advertising campaign that is
constrained by an overall budget but is also accompanied by a set of
sub-budgets for each target demographic. In such a contract scheme, an
advertiser can specify their true user-targeting goals, allowing the publisher
to fulfill them through relevant allocations.
  In this paper, we give a complete characterization of the ADWORDS problem for
general advertising budgets. In the most general setting, we show that, unlike
in the single-budget ADWORDS problem, obtaining a constant competitive ratio is
impossible and give asymptotically tight upper and lower bounds. However for
our main result, we observe that in many real-world scenarios (as in the above
example), multi-tier budgets have a laminar structure, since most relevant
consumer or product classifications are hierarchical. For laminar budgets, we
obtain a competitive ratio of e/(e-1) in the small bids case, which matches the
best known ADWORDS result for single budgets. Our algorithm has a primal-dual
structure and generalizes the primal-dual analysis for single- budget ADWORDS
first given by Buchbinder, Jain, and Naor (ESA 2007).