title: Building Code with Dynamic Staging

abstract:
  When creating a new domain-specific language (DSL) it is common to embed it
as a part of a flexible host language, rather than creating it entirely from
scratch. The semantics of an embedded DSL (EDSL) is either given directly as a
set of functions (shallow embedding), or an AST is constructed that is later
processed (deep embedding). Typically, the deep embedding is used when the EDSL
specifies domain-specific optimizations (DSO) in a form of AST transformations.
  In this paper we show that deep embedding is not necessary to specify most
optimizations. We define language semantics as action functions that are
executed during parsing. These actions build incrementally a new, arbitrary
complex program function.
  The EDSL designer is able to specify many aspects of the semantics as a
runnable code, such as variable scoping rules, custom type checking, arbitrary
control flow structures, or DSO. A sufficiently powerful staging mechanism
helps assembling the code from different actions, as well as evaluate the
semantics in arbitrarily many stages. In the end, we obtain code that is as
efficient as one written by hand.
  We never create any object representation of the code. No external traversing
algorithm is used to process the code. All program fragments are functions with
their entire semantics embedded within the function bodies. This approach
allows reusing the code between EDSL and the host language, as well as
combining actions of many different EDSLs.


title: Boosted top: new algorithms and perspectives

abstract:
  Studies of the boosted sector in top-quark physics have known a fast-growing
development with the arrival of high-energy data at LHC. This short review
summarizes the current status of the boosted top-tagging techniques in ATLAS
and CMS and presents an overview of some of the most noticeable developments.


title: A multi-asset investment and consumption problem with transaction costs

abstract:
  In this article we study a multi-asset version of the Merton investment and
consumption problem with proportional transaction costs. In general it is
difficult to make analytical progress towards a solution in such problems, but
we specialise to a case where transaction costs are zero except for sales and
purchases of a single asset which we call the illiquid asset.
  Assuming agents have CRRA utilities and asset prices follow exponential
Brownian motions we show that the underlying HJB equation can be transformed
into a boundary value problem for a first order differential equation. The
optimal strategy is to trade the illiquid asset only when the fraction of the
total portfolio value invested in this asset falls outside a fixed interval.
Important properties of the multi-asset problem (including when the problem is
well-posed, ill-posed, or well-posed only for large transaction costs) can be
inferred from the behaviours of a quadratic function of a single variable and
another algebraic function.


title: Fuglede's conjecture on cyclic groups of order $p^n q$

abstract:
  We show that the spectral set conjecture by Fuglede holds in the setting of
cyclic groups of order $p^n q$, where $p$, $q$ are distinct primes and
$n\geq1$. This means that a subset $E$ of such a group $G$ tiles the group by
translation ($G$ can be partitioned into translates of $E$) if and only if
there exists an orthogonal basis of $L^2(E)$ consisting of group characters.
The main ingredient of the present proof is the structure of vanishing sums of
roots of unity of order $N$, where $N$ has at most two prime divisors; the
extension of this proof to the case of cyclic groups of order $p^n q^m$ seems
therefore feasible. The only previously known infinite family of cyclic groups,
for which Fuglede's conjecture is verified in both directions, is that of
cyclic $p$-groups, i.e. $\mathbb{Z}_{p^n}$.


title:
Resolvent expansions for the Schr\"odinger operator on the discrete
  half-line

abstract:
  Simplified models of transport in mesoscopic systems are often based on a
small sample connected to a finite number of leads. The leads are often
modelled using the Laplacian on the discrete half-line $\mathbb N$. Detailed
studies of the transport near thresholds require detailed information on the
resolvent of the Laplacian on the discrete half-line. This paper presents a
complete study of threshold resonance states and resolvent expansions at a
threshold for the Schr\"odinger operator on the discrete half-line $\mathbb N$
with a general boundary condition. A precise description of the expansion
coefficients reveals their exact correspondence to the generalized eigenspaces,
or the threshold types. The presentation of the paper is adapted from that of
Ito-Jensen [Rev.\ Math.\ Phys.\ {\bf 27} (2015), 1550002 (45 pages)],
implementing the expansion scheme of Jensen-Nenciu [Rev.\ Math.\ Phys.\
\textbf{13} (2001), 717--754, \textbf{16} (2004), 675--677] in its full
generality.


title:
Rate of convergence for eigenfunctions of Aharonov-Bohm operators with a
  moving pole

abstract:
  We study the behavior of eigenfunctions for magnetic Aharonov-Bohm operators
with half-integer circulation and Dirichlet boundary conditions in a planar
domain. We prove a sharp estimate for the rate of convergence of eigenfunctions
as the pole moves in the interior of the domain.


title: Evolution of lithium abundance in the Sun and solar twins

abstract:
  Evolution of the 7Li abundance in the convection zone of the Sun during
different stages of its life time is considered to explain its low photospheric
value in comparison with that of the solar system meteorites. Lithium is
intensively and transiently burned in the early stages of evolution (pre-main
sequence, pMS) when the radiative core arises, and then the Li abundance only
slowly decreases during the main sequence (MS). We study the rates of lithium
burning during these two stages. In a model of the Sun, computed ignoring pMS
and without extra-convective mixing (overshooting) at the base of the
convection zone, the lithium abundance does not decrease significantly during
the MS life time of 4.6 Gyr. Analysis of helioseismic inversions together with
post-model computations of chemical composition indicates the presence of the
overshooting region and restricts its thickness. It is estimated to be
approximately half of the local pressure scale height 0.5Hp) which corresponds
to 3.8 % of the solar radius. Introducing this extra region does not noticeably
deplete lithium during the MS stage. In contrast, at the pMS stage, an
overshooting region with a value of approximately 0.18Hp is enough to produce
the observed lithium depletion. If we conclude that the dominant lithium
burning takes place during the pMS stage, the dispersion of the lithium
abundance in solar twins is explained by different physical conditions,
primarily during the early stage of evolution before the MS.


title:
Experimental and Computational Study of Isomerically Pure Soluble
  Aza-phthalocyanines and Azasubphthalocyanines of Varying Number of Aza Units

abstract:
  Herein, we present a series of isomerically pure, peripherically alkyl
substituted, soluble and low aggregating azaphthalocyanines as well as their
new, smaller hybrid homologues, the azasubphthalocyanines. The focus lies on
the effect of the systematically increasing number of aza building blocks [-N=]
replacing the non peripheral [-CH=] units and its influence on physical and
photophysical properties of these chromophores. The absolute and relative
HOMO-LUMO energies of azaphthalocyanines was analyzed using UV-Vis, CV and
compared to density functional theory calculations (B3LYP, TD-DFT). Crystals of
substituted subphthalocyanine, N2-Pc*H2 and N4-[Pc*Zn$\cdot$H2O] were obtained
out of DCM. For the synthesis of the valuable tetramethyltetraline
phthalocyanine building block a new highly efficient synthesis involving a
nearly quantitative CoII catalyzed aerobic autoxidation step is introduced
replacing inefficient KMnO4/pyridine as oxidant. The lowering of the HOMO level
is revealed as the determining factor for the trend in the adsorption energies
by electronic structure analysis.


title: On the analysis of block smoothers for saddle point problems

abstract:
  In this article, we discuss several classes of Uzawa smoothers for the
application in multigrid methods in the context of saddle point problems.
Beside commonly used variants, such as the inexact and block factorization
version, we also introduce a new symmetric method, belonging to the class of
Uzawa smoothers. For these variants we unify the analysis of the smoothing
properties, which is an important part in the multigrid convergence theory.
These methods are applied to the Stokes problem for which all smoothers are
implemented as pointwise relaxation methods. Several numerical examples
illustrate the theoretical results.


title: Pion spectra in Ar+Sc interactions at SPS energies

abstract:
  This contribution discusses recent results from analysis of Ar+Sc
interactions recorded with the NA61/SHINE detector at six beam momenta: 13A,
19A, 30A, 40A, 75A, 150A GeV/c at the CERN SPS. Rapidity and transverse mass
spectra of pions obtained with the "h-" analysis method are presented and
compared to results from p+p, Be+Be and Pb+Pb collisions.


title:
Randomized Incremental Construction for the Hausdorff Voronoi Diagram of
  point clusters

abstract:
  This paper applies the randomized incremental construction (RIC) framework to
computing the Hausdorff Voronoi diagram of a family of k clusters of points in
the plane. The total number of points is n. The diagram is a generalization of
Voronoi diagrams based on the Hausdorff distance function. The combinatorial
complexity of the Hausdorff Voronoi diagram is O(n+m), where m is the total
number of crossings between pairs of clusters. For non-crossing clusters (m=0),
our algorithm works in expected O(n log n + k log n log k) time and
deterministic
  O(n) space. For arbitrary clusters (m=O(n^2)), the algorithm runs in expected
O((m+n log k) log n) time and O(m +n log k) space. When clusters cross,
bisectors are disconnected curves resulting in disconnected Voronoi regions
that challenge the incremental construction. This paper applies the RIC
paradigm to a Voronoi diagram with disconnected regions and disconnected
bisectors, for the first time.


title: Long valley lifetime of free carriers in monolayer WSe2

abstract:
  Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenids (TMDs) feature valley degree of
freedom, giant spin-orbit coupling and spin-valley locking. These exotic
natures stimulate efforts of exploring the potential applications in conceptual
spintronics, valleytronics and quantum computing. Among all the exotic
directions, a long lifetime of spin and/or valley polarization is critical. The
present valley dynamics studies concentrate on the band edge excitons which
predominates the optical response due to the enhanced Coulomb interaction in
two dimensions. The valley lifetime of free carriers remains in ambiguity. In
this work, we use time-resolved Kerr rotation spectroscopy to probe the valley
dynamics of excitons and free carriers in monolayer tungsten diselinide. The
valley lifetime of free carriers is found around 2 ns at 70 K, about 3 orders
of magnitude longer than the excitons of about 2 ps. The extended valley
lifetime of free carriers evidences that exchange interaction dominates the
valley relaxation in optical excitation. The pump-probe spectroscopy also
reveals the exciton binding energy of 0.60 eV in monolayer WSe2.


title:
Classification With an Edge: Improving Semantic Image Segmentation with
  Boundary Detection

abstract:
  We present an end-to-end trainable deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)
for semantic segmentation with built-in awareness of semantically meaningful
boundaries. Semantic segmentation is a fundamental remote sensing task, and
most state-of-the-art methods rely on DCNNs as their workhorse. A major reason
for their success is that deep networks learn to accumulate contextual
information over very large windows (receptive fields). However, this success
comes at a cost, since the associated loss of effecive spatial resolution
washes out high-frequency details and leads to blurry object boundaries. Here,
we propose to counter this effect by combining semantic segmentation with
semantically informed edge detection, thus making class-boundaries explicit in
the model, First, we construct a comparatively simple, memory-efficient model
by adding boundary detection to the Segnet encoder-decoder architecture.
Second, we also include boundary detection in FCN-type models and set up a
high-end classifier ensemble. We show that boundary detection significantly
improves semantic segmentation with CNNs. Our high-end ensemble achieves > 90%
overall accuracy on the ISPRS Vaihingen benchmark.


title: Some rekarks on the early history of the Albert Einstein Institute

abstract:
  The genesis of the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert
Einstein Institute) after German re-unification as described here, shows that
the history of the founding of the institute is not as simplistic as claimed
e.g., in the presentation by the institute.Quite a few people and institutions
have been involved.The institute now seems to be one of the largest institution
for research in gravity, worldwide.


title: Empirical Research Plan: Effects of Sketching on Program Comprehension

abstract:
  Sketching is an important means of communication in software engineering
practice. Yet, there is little research investigating the use of sketches. We
want to contribute a better understanding of sketching, in particular its use
during program comprehension. We propose a controlled experiment to investigate
the effectiveness and efficiency of program comprehension with the support of
sketches as well as what sketches are used in what way.


title:
We used Neural Networks to Detect Clickbaits: You won't believe what
  happened Next!

abstract:
  Online content publishers often use catchy headlines for their articles in
order to attract users to their websites. These headlines, popularly known as
clickbaits, exploit a user's curiosity gap and lure them to click on links that
often disappoint them. Existing methods for automatically detecting clickbaits
rely on heavy feature engineering and domain knowledge. Here, we introduce a
neural network architecture based on Recurrent Neural Networks for detecting
clickbaits. Our model relies on distributed word representations learned from a
large unannotated corpora, and character embeddings learned via Convolutional
Neural Networks. Experimental results on a dataset of news headlines show that
our model outperforms existing techniques for clickbait detection with an
accuracy of 0.98 with F1-score of 0.98 and ROC-AUC of 0.99.


title: Highly Efficient Regression for Scalable Person Re-Identification

abstract:
  Existing person re-identification models are poor for scaling up to large
data required in real-world applications due to: (1) Complexity: They employ
complex models for optimal performance resulting in high computational cost for
training at a large scale; (2) Inadaptability: Once trained, they are
unsuitable for incremental update to incorporate any new data available. This
work proposes a truly scalable solution to re-id by addressing both problems.
Specifically, a Highly Efficient Regression (HER) model is formulated by
embedding the Fisher's criterion to a ridge regression model for very fast
re-id model learning with scalable memory/storage usage. Importantly, this new
HER model supports faster than real-time incremental model updates therefore
making real-time active learning feasible in re-id with human-in-the-loop.
Extensive experiments show that such a simple and fast model not only
outperforms notably the state-of-the-art re-id methods, but also is more
scalable to large data with additional benefits to active learning for reducing
human labelling effort in re-id deployment.


title:
Price of anarchy in electric vehicle charging control games: When Nash
  equilibria achieve social welfare

abstract:
  We consider the problem of optimal charging of plug-in electric vehicles
(PEVs). We treat this problem as a multi-agent game, where vehicles/agents are
heterogeneous since they are subject to possibly different constraints. Under
the assumption that electricity price is affine in total demand, we show that,
for any finite number of heterogeneous agents, the PEV charging control game
admits a unique Nash equilibrium, which is the optimizer of an auxiliary
minimization program. We are also able to quantify the asymptotic behaviour of
the price of anarchy for this class of games. More precisely, we prove that if
the parameters defining the constraints of each vehicle are drawn randomly from
a given distribution, then, the value of the game converges almost surely to
the optimum of the cooperative problem counterpart as the number of agents
tends to infinity. In the case of a discrete probability distribution, we
provide a systematic way to abstract agents in homogeneous groups and show
that, as the number of agents tends to infinity, the value of the game tends to
a deterministic quantity.


title:
Phonon scattering limited mobility in the representative cubic
  perovskite semiconductors SrGeO$_3$, BaSnO$_3$ and SrTiO$_3$

abstract:
  Cubic perovskite oxides are emerging high-mobility transparent conducting
oxides (TCOs), but Ge-based TCOs had not been known until the discovery of
metastable cubic SrGeO$_3$. $0.5 \times 0.4 \times 0.2$-mm$^3$ large single
crystals of the cubic SrGeO$_3$ perovskite were successfully synthesized
employing the high-pressure flux method. The phonon spectrum is determined from
the IR optical reflectance and Raman-scattering analysis to evaluate the
electron transport governed by optical phonon scattering. A calculated
room-temperature mobility on the order of $3.9 \times 10^2$
cm$^2$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ is obtained, identifying cubic SrGeO$_3$ as one of the
most promising TCOs. Employing classical phonon theory and a combined
experimental-theoretical approach, a comprehensive analysis of the intrinsic
electron mobility in the cubic perovskite semiconductors SrGeO$_3$, BaSnO$_3$,
and SrTiO$_3$ is provided based on the magnitude of polarization and
eigenfrequency of optically active phonons.


title:
Controlling of a mobile robot with a trailer and its nilpotent
  approximation

abstract:
  The work studies a number of approaches to solving motion planning problem
for a mobile robot with a trailer. Different control models of car-like robots
are considered from the differential-geometric point of view. The same models
can be also used for controlling a mobile robot with a trailer. However, in
cases where the position of the trailer is of importance, i.e., when it is
moving backward, a more complex approach should be applied. At the end of the
article, such an approach, based on recent works in sub-Riemannian geometry, is
described. It is applied to the problem of reparking a trailer and implemented
in the algorithm for parking a mobile robot with a trailer.


title: Human-In-The-Loop Person Re-Identification

abstract:
  Current person re-identification (re-id) methods assume that (1) pre-labelled
training data are available for every camera pair, (2) the gallery size for
re-identification is moderate. Both assumptions scale poorly to real-world
applications when camera network size increases and gallery size becomes large.
Human verification of automatic model ranked re-id results becomes inevitable.
In this work, a novel human-in-the-loop re-id model based on Human Verification
Incremental Learning (HVIL) is formulated which does not require any
pre-labelled training data to learn a model, therefore readily scalable to new
camera pairs. This HVIL model learns cumulatively from human feedback to
provide instant improvement to re-id ranking of each probe on-the-fly enabling
the model scalable to large gallery sizes. We further formulate a Regularised
Metric Ensemble Learning (RMEL) model to combine a series of incrementally
learned HVIL models into a single ensemble model to be used when human feedback
becomes unavailable.


title: Effects of slippage on the dewetting of a droplet

abstract:
  In many macroscopic dynamic wetting problems, it is assumed that the
macroscopic interface is quasistatic, and the dissipation appears only in the
region close to the contact line. When approaching the moving contact line, a
microscopic mechanism is required to regularize the singularity of viscous
dissipation. On the other hand, if the characteristic size of a fluidic system
is reduced to a range comparable to the microscopic regularization length
scale, the assumption that viscous effects are localized near the contact line
is no longer justified. In the present work, such microscopic length is the
slip length. We investigate the dewetting of a droplet using the boundary
element method. Specifically, we solve for the axisymmetric Stokes flow with i)
the Navier-slip boundary condition at the solid/liquid boundary, and ii) a
time-independent microscopic contact angle at the contact line. The profile
evolution is computed for different slip lengths and equilibrium contact
angles. When decreasing the slip length, the typical nonsphericity first
increases, reaches a maximum at a characteristic slip length $\tilde{b}_m$, and
then decreases. Regarding different equilibrium contact angles, two universal
rescalings are proposed to describe the behavior for slip lengths larger or
smaller than $\tilde{b}_m$. Around $\tilde{b}_m$, the early time evolution of
the profiles at the rim can be described by similarity solutions. The results
are explained in terms of the structure of the flow field governed by different
dissipation channels: viscous elongational flows for large slip lengths,
friction at the substrate for intermediate slip lengths, and viscous shear
flows for small slip lengths. Following the transitions between these dominant
dissipation mechanisms, our study indicates a crossover to the quasistatic
regime when the slip length is small compared to the droplet size.

categories: physics.flu-dyn cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.soft physics.comp-ph


title: Fantasia of a Superfluid Universe -- In memory of Kerson Huang

abstract:
  This article introduces Kerson Huang's theory on superfluid universe in these
aspects: I. choose the asymptotically free Halpern-Huang scalar field(s) to
drive inflation; II. use quantum turbulence to create matter; III. consider
dark energy as the energy density of the cosmic superfluid and dark matter the
deviation of the superfluid density from its equilibrium value; IV. use quantum
vorticity to explain phenomena such as the non-thermal filaments at the
galactic center, the large voids in the galactic distribution, and the
gravitational collapse of stars to fast-rotating blackholes.


title: The continuity method on Fano fibrations

abstract:
  We study finite-time collapsing limits of the continuity method. When the
continuity method starting from a rational initial K\"ahler metric on a
projective manifold encounters a finite-time volume collapsing, this projective
manifold admits a Fano fibration over a lower dimensional base. In this case,
we prove the continuity method converges to a singular K\"ahler metric on the
base in the weak sense; moreover, if the base is smooth and the fibration has
no singular fibers, then the convergence takes place in Gromov-Hausdorff
topology.


title:
A One class Classifier based Framework using SVDD : Application to an
  Imbalanced Geological Dataset

abstract:
  Evaluation of hydrocarbon reservoir requires classification of petrophysical
properties from available dataset. However, characterization of reservoir
attributes is difficult due to the nonlinear and heterogeneous nature of the
subsurface physical properties. In this context, present study proposes a
generalized one class classification framework based on Support Vector Data
Description (SVDD) to classify a reservoir characteristic water saturation into
two classes (Class high and Class low) from four logs namely gamma ray, neutron
porosity, bulk density, and P sonic using an imbalanced dataset. A comparison
is carried out among proposed framework and different supervised classification
algorithms in terms of g metric means and execution time. Experimental results
show that proposed framework has outperformed other classifiers in terms of
these performance evaluators. It is envisaged that the classification analysis
performed in this study will be useful in further reservoir modeling.


title: Real solutions of the first Painlev\'e equation with large initial data

abstract:
  We consider three special cases of the initial value problem of the first
Painlev\'e equation (PI). Our approach is based on the method of uniform
asymptotics introduced by Bassom, Clarkson, Law and McLeod. A rigorous proof of
a property of the PI solutions on the negative real axis, recently revealed by
Bender and Komijani, is given by approximating the Stokes multipliers.
Moreover, we build more precise relation between the large initial data of the
PI solutions and their three different types of behavior as the independent
variable tends to negative infinity. In addition, some limiting form connection
formulas are obtained.


title: The Physics of Heavy Quark Distributions in Hadrons: Collider Tests

abstract:
  We present a review of the current understanding of the heavy quark
distributions in the nucleon and their impact on collider physics. The origin
of strange, charm and bottom quark pairs at high light-front (LF) momentum
fractions in hadron wave functions---the "intrinsic" quarks, is reviewed. The
determination of heavy-quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) is
particularly significant for the analysis of hard processes at LHC energies. We
show that a careful study of the inclusive production of open charm and the
production of $\gamma$/$Z$/$W$ particles, accompanied by the heavy jets at
large transverse momenta can give essential information on the intrinsic heavy
quark (IQ) distributions. We also focus on the theoretical predictions
concerning other observables which are very sensitive to the intrinsic charm
contribution to PDFs including Higgs production at high xf and novel fixed
target measurements which can be tested at the LHC.


title:
Rate-Compatible Punctured Polar Codes: Optimal Construction Based on
  Polar Spectra

abstract:
  Polar codes are the first class of constructive channel codes achieving the
symmetric capacity of the binary-input discrete memoryless channels. But the
corresponding code length is limited to the power of two. In this paper, we
establish a systematic framework to design the rate-compatible punctured polar
(RCPP) codes with arbitrary code length. A new theoretic tool, called polar
spectra, is proposed to count the number of paths on the code tree with the
same number of zeros or ones respectively. Furthermore, a spectrum distance SD0
(SD1) and a joint spectrum distance (JSD) are presented as performance criteria
to optimize the puncturing tables. For the capacity-zero puncturing mode
(punctured bits are unknown to the decoder), we propose a quasi-uniform
puncturing algorithm, analyze the number of equivalent puncturings and prove
that this scheme can maximize SD1 and JSD. Similarly, for the capacity-one mode
(punctured bits are known to the decoder), we also devise a reversal
quasi-uniform puncturing scheme and prove that it has the maximum SD0 and JSD.
Both schemes have a universal puncturing table without any exhausted search.
These optimal RCPP codes outperform the performance of turbo codes in LTE
wireless communication systems.


title:
Kinetics of relativistic electrons passing through quasi--periodic
  fields

abstract:
  We report a novel method for evaluating the energy spectrum of electrons
emitting hard x-rays and gamma-rays in undulators and Compton sources. The
method takes into account the quantum nature of recoils undergone by the
electrons emitting high energy photons. The method is susceptible to evaluate a
spectrum of electrons for the whole range of the emission rates per
electron-pass through of the driving force, from much less than one emitted
photon on average (Compton sources and short undulators) to many emitted
photons (long undulators, relatively low-energy electrons). As shown in the
former limiting case, the spectrum of electrons reflects the spectrum of
emitted radiation whereas it is close to the Gaussian shape in the latter case.
Limitation of coherency for the sources of high-energy electromagnetic
radiation caused by recoils from emitted photons is also discussed.


title:
A semi-analytical approach for the positive semidefinite Procrustes
  problem

abstract:
  The positive semidefinite Procrustes (PSDP) problem is the following: given
rectangular matrices $X$ and $B$, find the symmetric positive semidefinite
matrix $A$ that minimizes the Frobenius norm of $AX-B$. No general procedure is
known that gives an exact solution. In this paper, we present a semi-analytical
approach to solve the PSDP problem. First, we characterize completely the set
of optimal solutions and identify the cases when the infimum is not attained.
This characterization requires the unique optimal solution of a smaller PSDP
problem where $B$ is square and $X$ is diagonal with positive diagonal
elements. Second, we propose a very efficient strategy to solve the PSDP
problem, combining the semi-analytical approach, a new initialization strategy
and the fast gradient method. We illustrate the effectiveness of the new
approach, which is guaranteed to converge linearly, compared to
state-of-the-art methods.


title: Weakly parametrized Jastrow ansatz for a strongly correlated Bose system

abstract:
  We consider the Jastrow pair-product wavefunction for the strongly correlated
Bose systems, in our case liquid helium-4. An ansatz is proposed for the pair
factors which consists of a numeric solution to a modified and parametrized
pair scattering equation. We consider a number of such simple one-variable
parametrizations. Additionally, we allow for a parametrizeable cutoff of the
pair factors and for the addition of a long-range phonon tail. This approach
results in the many-body wavefunctions that have between just one and three
parameters. Calculation of observables is carried with the Variational Monte
Carlo method. We find that such a simple parametrization is sufficient to
produce results that are comparable in quality to the best available two-body
Jastrow factors for helium. For two-parameter wavefunction, we find variational
energies of $-6.04$~K per particle for a system of one thousand particles. It
is also shown that short-range two-body correlations are reproduced in detail
by two- and three-parameter functions.


title: Diagnostic Prediction Using Discomfort Drawings

abstract:
  In this paper, we explore the possibility to apply machine learning to make
diagnostic predictions using discomfort drawings. A discomfort drawing is an
intuitive way for patients to express discomfort and pain related symptoms.
These drawings have proven to be an effective method to collect patient data
and make diagnostic decisions in real-life practice. A dataset from real-world
patient cases is collected for which medical experts provide diagnostic labels.
Next, we extend a factorized multimodal topic model, Inter-Battery Topic Model
(IBTM), to train a system that can make diagnostic predictions given an unseen
discomfort drawing. Experimental results show reasonable predictions of
diagnostic labels given an unseen discomfort drawing. The positive result
indicates a significant potential of machine learning to be used for parts of
the pain diagnostic process and to be a decision support system for physicians
and other health care personnel.


title:
Geodesic equations and their numerical solutions in geodetic and
  Cartesian coordinates on an oblate spheroid

abstract:
  The direct geodesic problem on an oblate spheroid is described as an initial
value problem and is solved numerically in geodetic and Cartesian coordinates.
The geodesic equations are formulated by means of the theory of differential
geometry. The initial value problem under consideration is reduced to a system
of first-order ordinary differential equations, which is solved using a
numerical method. The solution provides the coordinates and the azimuths at any
point along the geodesic. The Clairaut constant is not assumed known but it is
computed, allowing to check the precision of the method. An extended data set
of geodesics is used, in order to evaluate the performance of the method in
each coordinate system. The results for the direct geodesic problem are
validated by comparison to Karney's method. We conclude that a complete,
stable, precise, accurate and fast solution of the problem in Cartesian
coordinates is accomplished.


title:
An Approach for Hypersurface Family with Common Geodesic Curve in the 4D
  Galilean Space G4

abstract:
  In the present study, we derive the problem of constructing a hypersurface
family from a given isogeodesic curve in the 4D Galilean space
$\mathbf{G}_{4}.$ We obtain the hypersurface as a linear combination of the
Frenet frame in $\mathbf{G}_{4}$ and examine the necessary and sufficient
conditions for the curve as a geodesic curve$.$ Finally, some examples related
to our method are given for the sake of clarity.


title: Testing Quantum Gravity through Dumb Holes

abstract:
  We propose a method to test the effects of quantum fluctuations on black
holes by analyzing the effects of thermal fluctuations on dumb holes, the
analogues for black holes. The proposal is based on the Jacobson formalism,
where the Einstein field equations are viewed as thermodynamical relations, and
so the quantum fluctuations are generated from the thermal fluctuations. It is
well known that all approaches to quantum gravity generate logarithmic
corrections to the entropy of a black hole and the coefficient of this term
varies according to the different approaches to the quantum gravity. It is
possible to demonstrate that such logarithmic terms are also generated from
thermal fluctuations in dumb holes. In this paper, we claim that it is possible
to experimentally test such corrections for dumb holes, and also obtain the
correct coefficient for them. This fact can then be used to predict the effects
of quantum fluctuations on realistic black holes, and so it can also be used,
in principle, to experimentally test the different approaches to quantum
gravity.


title: Completely regular codes in the infinite hexagonal grid

abstract:
  A set $C$ of vertices of a simple graph is called a completely regular code
if for each $i=0$, $1$, $2$, \ldots and $j = i-1$, $i$, $i+1$, all vertices at
distance $i$ from $C$ have the same number $s_{ij}$ of neighbors at distance
$j$ from $C$. We characterize the completely regular codes in the infinite
hexagonal grid graph.


title: Repairing Reed-Solomon Codes With Multiple Erasures

abstract:
  Despite their exceptional error-correcting properties, Reed-Solomon codes
have been overlooked in distributed storage applications due to the common
belief that they have poor repair bandwidth: A naive repair approach would
require the whole file to be reconstructed in order to recover a single erased
codeword symbol. In a recent work, Guruswami and Wootters (STOC'16) proposed a
single-erasure repair method for Reed-Solomon codes that achieves the optimal
repair bandwidth amongst all linear encoding schemes. Their key idea is to
recover the erased symbol by collecting a sufficiently large number of its
traces, each of which can be constructed from a number of traces of other
symbols. We extend the trace collection technique to cope with two and three
erasures.


title:
A Successive LP Approach with C-VaR Type Constraints for IMRT
  Optimization

abstract:
  Radiation therapy is considered to be one of important treatment protocols
for cancers. Radiation therapy employs several beams of ionizing radiation to
kill cancer tumors, but such irradiation also causes damage to normal tissues.
Therefore, a treatment plan should satisfy dose-volume constraints (DVCs).
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy treatment (IMRT) enables to control the beam
intensities and gives more flexibility for the treatment plan to satisfy the
DVCs. Romeijn et al. (2003) replaced the DVCs in an IMRT optimization with
C-VaR (Conditional Value-at-Risk) type constraints, and proposed a numerical
method based on linear programming (LP). Their approach reduced the computation
cost of the original DVCs, but the feasible region of their LP problems was
much narrow compared to the DVCs, therefore, their approach often failed to
find a feasible plan even when the DVCs were not so tight.
  In this paper, we propose a successive LP approach with the C-VaR type
constraints. We detect outliers form the solution of LP problems, and remove
them from the domain of the C-VaR type constraints. This eases the sensitivity
of C-VaR type constraints to outliers and we can search feasible plans from
wider regions. Furthermore, we can give a mathematical proof that if the
optimal value of the LP problem in the proposed approach is non-positive, the
corresponding optimal solution satisfies all the DVCs. From numerical
experiments on test data sets, we observed that our approach found feasible
solutions more appropriately than existing LP approaches. In addition, our
approach required fewer LP problems, and this led to a short computation time.


title: Some extremal results on complete degenerate hypergraphs

abstract:
  Let $K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r}$ be the complete $r$-partite $r$-uniform
hypergraph and $ex(n,K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r})$ be the maximum number of
edges in any $n$-vertex $K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r}$-free $r$-uniform
hypergraph. It is well-known in the graph case that
$ex(n,K_{s,t})=\Theta(n^{2-1/s})$ when $t$ is sufficiently larger than $s$. In
this note, we generalize the above to hypergraphs by showing that if $s_r$ is
sufficiently larger than $s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_{r-1}$ then $$ex(n,
K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r})=\Theta\left(n^{r-\frac{1}{s_1s_2\cdots
s_{r-1}}}\right).$$ This follows from a more general Tur\'an type result we
establish in hypergraphs, which also improves and generalizes some recent
results of Alon and Shikhelman. The lower bounds of our results are obtained by
the powerful random algebraic method of Bukh. Another new, perhaps unsurprising
insight which we provide here is that one can also use the random algebraic
method to construct non-degenerate (hyper-)graphs for various Tur\'an type
problems.
  The asymptotics for $ex(n, K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r})$ is also proved by
Verstra\"ete independently with a different approach.


title: Some properties of coarse Lipschitz maps between Banach spaces

abstract:
  We study the structure of the space of coarse Lipschitz maps between Banach
spaces. In particular we introduce the notion of norm attaining coarse
Lipschitz maps. We extend to the case of norm attaining coarse Lipschitz
equivalences, a result of G. Godefroy on Lipschitz equivalences. This leads us
to include the non separable versions of classical results on the stability of
the existence of asymptotically uniformly smooth norms under Lipschitz or
coarse Lipschitz equivalences.


title: Approximate derivations of order $n$

abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to prove characterization theorems for higher order
derivations. Among others we prove that the system defining higher order
derivations is stable. Further characterization theorems in the spirit of
N.~G.~de Bruijn will also be presented.


title: Detection of the Binarity of the Star J1158+4239

abstract:
  One of the goals of the Pulkovo program of research on stars with large
proper motions is to reveal among the low-luminosity stars those that have
evidence of binarity. Twelve astrometric binary candidates from the Pulkovo
list have been included in the program of speckle observations with the BTA
telescope at the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of
Sciences (SAO RAS) and the 2.5-m telescope at the Caucasus Mountain Observatory
(CMO) of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute of the Moscow State University to
confirm their binarity and then to determine the parameters of the revealed
stellar pairs. The binarity of the brightest of these stars, J1158+4239 (GJ
3697), has been confirmed. Four sessions of speckle observations with the BTA
SAO RAS telescope and one session with the 2.5-m CMO telescope have been
carried out in 2015 - 2016. The weighted mean estimates of the pair parameters
are $\rho$=286.5$\pm$1.2 mas and $\theta$=230.24$\pm$0.16$^{\circ}$ at the
epoch B2015.88248. The magnitude difference between the pair stars is $\Delta
m$=0.55$\pm$0.03 (a filter with a central wavelength of 800 nm and a FWHM of
100 nm) and $\Delta m$=0.9$\pm$0.1 (an R filter).


title:
An Asymptotically Optimal Contextual Bandit Algorithm Using Hierarchical
  Structures

abstract:
  We propose online algorithms for sequential learning in the contextual
multi-armed bandit setting. Our approach is to partition the context space and
then optimally combine all of the possible mappings between the partition
regions and the set of bandit arms in a data driven manner. We show that in our
approach, the best mapping is able to approximate the best arm selection policy
to any desired degree under mild Lipschitz conditions. Therefore, we design our
algorithms based on the optimal adaptive combination and asymptotically achieve
the performance of the best mapping as well as the best arm selection policy.
This optimality is also guaranteed to hold even in adversarial environments
since we do not rely on any statistical assumptions regarding the contexts or
the loss of the bandit arms. Moreover, we design efficient implementations for
our algorithms in various hierarchical partitioning structures such as
lexicographical or arbitrary position splitting and binary trees (and several
other partitioning examples). For instance, in the case of binary tree
partitioning, the computational complexity is only log-linear in the number of
regions in the finest partition. In conclusion, we provide significant
performance improvements by introducing upper bounds (w.r.t. the best arm
selection policy) that are mathematically proven to vanish in the average loss
per round sense at a faster rate compared to the state-of-the-art. Our
experimental work extensively covers various scenarios ranging from bandit
settings to multi-class classification with real and synthetic data. In these
experiments, we show that our algorithms are highly superior over the
state-of-the-art techniques while maintaining the introduced mathematical
guarantees and a computationally decent scalability.


title: Asymmetry dependence of Gogny based optical potential

abstract:
  An analysis of neutron and proton scattering off $^{40,48}$Ca has been
carried out. Real and imaginary potentials have been generated using the
Nuclear Structure Method (NSM) for scattering with the Gogny D1S
nucleon-nucleon effective interaction. Observables are well described by NSM
for neutron and proton elastic scattering off $^{40}$Ca and for neutron
scattering off $^{48}$Ca. For proton scattering off $^{48}$Ca, NSM yields a
lack of absorption. This discrepancy is attributed to double-charge-exchange
contribution and coupling to Gamow- Teller mode which are not included in the
present version of NSM. A recipe based on a Perey-Buck fit of NSM imaginary
potential and Lane model is proposed to overcome this issue in an approximate
way.


title:
Correlated X-ray/UV/optical variability and the nature of accretion disc
  in the bare Seyfert 1 galaxy Fairall~9

abstract:
  We study multi-wavelength variability of a bare Seyfert 1 galaxy Fairall~9
using \swift{} monitoring observations consisting of $165$ usable pointings
spanning nearly two years and covering six UV/optical bands and X-rays.
Fairall~9 is highly variable in all bands though the variability amplitude
decreases from X-ray to optical bands. The variations in the X-ray and
UV/optical bands are strongly correlated. Our reverberation mapping analysis
using the {\tt JAVALIN} tool shows that the variation in the UV/optical bands
lag behind the variations in the X-ray band by $\sim 2-10{\rm~days}$. These lag
measurements strongly suggest that the optical/UV variations are mainly caused
by variations in the X-rays, and the origin of most of the optical/UV emission
is X-ray reprocessing. The observed lags are found to vary as
$\tau\propto\lambda^{1.36\pm0.13}$, consistent with the prediction,
$\tau\propto\lambda^{4/3}$, for X-ray reprocessing in a standard accretion
disc. However, the predicted lags for an standard accretion disc with X-ray
reprocessing using black hole mass ($M_{BH} \sim 2.6\times10^{8}~M_{\odot}$)
estimated from the reverberation mapping of broad emission lines and accretion
rate relative to the Eddington rate ($\dot{m_E} =0.02$) are shorter than the
observed lags. These observations suggest that accretion disc in Fairall~9 is
larger than that predicted by the standard disc model, and confirm similar
findings in a few other Seyfert 1 galaxies such as NGC~5548.


title:
Minimizing the Continuous Diameter when Augmenting a Geometric Tree with
  a Shortcut

abstract:
  We augment a tree $T$ with a shortcut $pq$ to minimize the largest distance
between any two points along the resulting augmented tree $T+pq$. We study this
problem in a continuous and geometric setting where $T$ is a geometric tree in
the Euclidean plane, where a shortcut is a line segment connecting any two
points along the edges of $T$, and we consider all points on $T+pq$ (i.e.,
vertices and points along edges) when determining the largest distance along
$T+pq$. We refer to the largest distance between any two points along edges as
the continuous diameter to distinguish it from the discrete diameter, i.e., the
largest distance between any two vertices.
  We establish that a single shortcut is sufficient to reduce the continuous
diameter of a geometric tree $T$ if and only if the intersection of all
diametral paths of $T$ is neither a line segment nor a single point. We
determine an optimal shortcut for a geometric tree with $n$ straight-line edges
in $O(n \log n)$ time. Apart from the running time, our results extend to
geometric trees whose edges are rectifiable curves. The algorithm for trees
generalizes our algorithm for paths.


title:
Majorana Fermions in Particle Physics, Solid State and Quantum
  Information

abstract:
  This review is based on lectures given by M. J. Duff summarising the far
reaching contributions of Ettore Majorana to fundamental physics, with special
focus on Majorana fermions in all their guises. The theoretical discovery of
the eponymous fermion in 1937 has since had profound implications for particle
physics, solid state and quantum computation. The breadth of these disciplines
is testimony to Majorana's genius, which continues to permeate physics today.
These lectures offer a whistle-stop tour through some limited subset of the key
ideas. In addition to touching on these various applications, we will draw out
some fascinating relations connecting the normed division algebras $\mathbb{R},
\mathbb{C}, \mathbb{H}, \mathbb{O}$ to spinors, trialities, $K$-theory and the
classification of stable topological states of symmetry-protected gapped
free-fermion systems.

categories: hep-th cond-mat.other cond-mat.supr-con hep-ph quant-ph


title: Sn(II)-containing phosphates as optoelectronic materials

abstract:
  We theoretically investigate Sn(II) phosphates as optoelectronic materials
using first principles calculations. We focus on known prototype materials
Sn$_n$P$_2$O$_{5+n}$ (n=2, 3, 4, 5) and a previously unreported compound,
SnP$_2$O$_6$ (n=1), which we find using global optimization structure
prediction. The electronic structure calculations indicate that these compounds
all have large band gaps above 3.2 eV, meaning their transparency to visible
light. Several of these compounds show relatively low hole effective masses
($\sim$2-3 m$_0$), comparable the electron masses. This suggests potential
bipolar conductivity depending on doping. The dispersive valence band-edges
underlying the low hole masses, originate from the anti-bonding hybridization
between the Sn 5s orbitals and the phosphate groups. Analysis of
structure-property relationships for the metastable structures generated during
structure search shows considerable variation in combinations of band gap and
carrier effective masses, implying chemical tunability of these properties. The
unusual combinations of relatively high band gap, low carrier masses and high
chemical stability suggests possible optoelectronic applications of these
Sn(II) phosphates, including p-type transparent conductors. Related to this,
calculations for doped material indicate low visible light absorption, combined
with high plasma frequencies.


title:
On Equivalence and Linearization of Operator Matrix Functions with
  Unbounded Entries

abstract:
  In this paper we present equivalence results for several types of unbounded
operator functions. A generalization of the concept equivalence after extension
is introduced and used to prove equivalence and linearization for classes of
unbounded operator functions. Further, we deduce methods of finding
equivalences to operator matrix functions that utilizes equivalences of the
entries. Finally, a method of finding equivalences and linearizations to a
general case of operator matrix polynomials is presented.


title:
Applications of singular connections in symplectic and almost complex
  geometry

abstract:
  In this paper, we give two direct applications of the theory of singular
connections developped by Harvey-Lawson [10]. The first one is a version of
Lelong-Poincar\'e formula for vector bundle over an almost complex manifold.
The second is a convergence theorem for divisors associated to symplectic
submanifolds constructed by Auroux in [2]. The case of hypersurfaces was done
by Donaldsson in [4].


title:
Consensus analysis of large-scale nonlinear homogeneous multi-agent
  formations with polynomial dynamics

abstract:
  Drawing inspiration from the theory of linear "decomposable systems", we
provide a method, based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which makes it
possible to prove the convergence (or consensus) of a set of interacting agents
with polynomial dynamic. We also show that the use of a generalised version of
the famous Kalman-Yakubovic-Popov lemma allows the development of an LMI test
whose size does not depend on the number of agents. The method is validated
experimentally on two academic examples.


title:
Tiny adiabatic-demagnetization refrigerator for a commercial
  superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer

abstract:
  A tiny adiabatic-demagnetization refrigerator (T-ADR) has been developed for
a commercial superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer [Magnetic
Property Measurement System (MPMS) from Quantum Design]. The whole T-ADR system
is fit in a cylindrical space of the diameter $8.5$ mm and the length $250$ mm,
and can be inserted into the narrow sample tube of MPMS. A sorption pump is
self-contained in T-ADR, and hence no complex gas handling system is necessary.
With the single crystalline Gd$_3$Ga$_5$O$_{12}$ garnet ($\sim 2$ grams) used
as a magnetic refrigerant, the routinely achievable lowest temperature is $\sim
0.56$ K. The lower detection limit for a magnetization anomaly is $\sim 1
\times 10^{-7}$ emu, estimated from fluctuation of the measured magnetization.
The background level is $\sim 5 \times 10^{-5}$ emu below 2 K at $H = 100$ Oe,
which is largely attributable to a contaminating paramagnetic signal from the
magnetic refrigerant.


title: Metastability in the driven-dissipative Rabi model

abstract:
  We explore the long-time dynamics of Rabi model in a driven-dissipative
setting and show that, as the atom-cavity coupling strength becomes larger than
the cavity frequency, a new time scale emerges. This time scale, much larger
than the natural relaxation time of the atom and the cavity, leads to
long-lived metastable states susceptible to being observed experimentally. By
applying a Floquet-Liouville approach to the time-dependent master equation, we
systematically investigate the set of possible metastable states. We find that
the properties of the metastable states can differ drastically from those of
the steady state and relate these properties to the energy spectrum of the Rabi
Hamiltonian.


title:
Using Descriptive Analytics for the Improvement of National University
  Entrance Exam: A case study in the Context of Kankor in Afghanistan

abstract:
  In Afghanistan, High school graduates, to continue higher education, need to
pass the National University Entrance Exam (Kankor). Kankor is very important
and requires further research as it is used as the only means to identify the
participant's competence and skills which leads to a qualified higher education
and manpower, employment opportunities, allocation of human capital in
appropriate fields of study, and leading to a more specialized labor force in
the long run.
  Having a better picture of Kankor in Afghanistan is essential before
employing educational data mining techniques and other social and pedagogical
approaches to support the students and the educational institutions. Hence, the
author carried out a research on Kankor, in which he assessed and analyzed
Kankor from different angles. This research paper provides positive
contribution to the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE), particularly, the
Kankor committee, and other educational institutions - introducing the
importance of data as an asset and a proper structure of recording and
producing data effective for research studies, paving the way for in-depth
descriptive and predictive analytics which improves the situation within the
context of the existing structural models in Afghanistan.
  The author's research target is to study Kankor using descriptive analytics
supported by Kankor Results Data (KRD) of 1.5 million records from 2003-2015,
Detailed Kankor Results Data which is a subset of KRD from 2004-2006 of 120,000
records, High school performance and grades data from 2011-2013 of 6,000
records, data collected through conducting more than 2500 questionnaires among
academicians as well as the author's personal observations, findings, and
analyses as a student and faculty member at the University in the field of
computer science.


title: Global Rigidity of Periodic Graphs under Fixed-lattice Representations

abstract:
  In 1992, Hendrickson proved that (d+1)-connectivity and redundant rigidity
are necessary conditions for a generic (non-complete) bar-joint framework to be
globally rigid in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Jackson and Jordan confirmed in 2005 that
these conditions are also sufficient in $\mathbb{R}^2$, giving a combinatorial
characterization of graphs whose generic realizations in $\mathbb{R}^2$ are
globally rigid. In this paper, we establish analogues of these results for
infinite periodic frameworks under fixed lattice representations. Our
combinatorial characterization of globally rigid generic periodic frameworks in
$\mathbb{R}^2$ in particular implies toroidal and cylindrical counterparts of
the theorem by Jackson and Jordan.


title: On-Demand Learning for Deep Image Restoration

abstract:
  While machine learning approaches to image restoration offer great promise,
current methods risk training models fixated on performing well only for image
corruption of a particular level of difficulty---such as a certain level of
noise or blur. First, we examine the weakness of conventional "fixated" models
and demonstrate that training general models to handle arbitrary levels of
corruption is indeed non-trivial. Then, we propose an on-demand learning
algorithm for training image restoration models with deep convolutional neural
networks. The main idea is to exploit a feedback mechanism to self-generate
training instances where they are needed most, thereby learning models that can
generalize across difficulty levels. On four restoration tasks---image
inpainting, pixel interpolation, image deblurring, and image denoising---and
three diverse datasets, our approach consistently outperforms both the status
quo training procedure and curriculum learning alternatives.


title: Determining the energetics of vicinal perovskite oxide surfaces

abstract:
  The energetics of vicinal SrTiO$_3$(001) and DyScO$_3$(110), prototypical
perovskite vicinal surfaces, has been studied using topographic atomic force
microscopy imaging. The kink formation and strain relaxation energies are
extracted from a statistical analysis of the step meandering. Both perovskite
surfaces have very similar kink formation energies and exhibit a similar
triangular step undulation. Our experiments suggest that the energetics of
perovskite oxide surfaces is mainly governed by the local oxygen coordination.


title: Apollonius "circle" in Hyperbolic Geometry

abstract:
  In Euclidean geometry the circle of Apollonious is the locus of points in the
plane from which two collinear adjacent segments are perceived as having the
same length. In Hyperbolic geometry, the analog of this locus is an algebraic
curve of degree four which can be bounded or "unbounded". We study this locus
and give a simple description of this curve using the half-plane model. In the
end, we give the motivation of our investigation and calculate the probability
that three collinear adjacent segments can be seen as of the same positive
length under some natural assumptions about the setting of the randomness
considered.


title: Interface identification of the solid electrolyte interphase on graphite

abstract:
  By means of Density Functional Theory calculations we evaluate several
lithium carbonate - graphite interface models as a prototype of the Solid
Electrolyte Interphase capping layer on graphite anodes in lithium-ion
batteries. It is found that only an (a,b)-oriented Li2CO3 slab promotes tight
binding with graphite. Such mutual organization of the components combines
their structural features and reproduces coordination environment of ions,
resulting in an adhesive energy of 116 meV/{\AA}2 between graphite and lithium
carbonate. This model also presents a high potential affinity with bulk. The
corresponding charge distribution at such interface induces an electric
potential gradient, such a gradient having been experimentally observed. We
regard the mentioned criteria as the key descriptors of the interface stability
and recommend them as the principal assessments for such interface study. In
addition, we evaluate the impact of lithiated graphite on the stability of the
model interface and study the generation of different point defects as
mediators for Li interface transport. It is found that Li diffusion is mainly
provided by interstitials. The induced potential gradient fundamentally assists
the intercalation up to lithiation ratio of 70%.


title: Radiative Balance between Photon Emission from Surface and in Volume

abstract:
  An expression is derived which links the probability of photon reabsorption
(recycling) in a material with other optical parameters. We discuss the
application of this relation in several typical situations which are relevant
in the operation of devices such as solar cells and light-emitting diodes.


title:
In Quest for Proper Mediums for Technology Transfer in Software
  Engineering

abstract:
  Successful transfer of the results of research projects into practice is of
great interest to all project participants. It can be assumed that different
transfer mediums fulfill technology transfer (TT) with different levels of
success and that they are impaired by different kinds of barriers. The goal of
this study is to gain a better understanding about the different mediums used
for TT in software engineering, and to identify barriers weakening the success
of the application of such mediums. We conducted an exploratory study
implemented by a survey in the context of a German research project with a
broad range of used mediums. The main reported barriers were low expectations
of usefulness, no awareness of existence, lack of resources, or inadequateness
in terms of outdated material or being in an immature state. We interpreted our
results as symptoms of a lack of a dissemination plan in the project. Further
work will be needed to explore the implications for the transfer of research
results (knowledge and techniques) to practice.


title: Universality of the SIS prevalence in networks

abstract:
  Epidemic models are increasingly used in real-world networks to understand
diffusion phenomena (such as the spread of diseases, emotions, innovations,
failures) or the transport of information (such as news, memes in social
on-line networks). A new analysis of the prevalence, the expected number of
infected nodes in a network, is presented and physically interpreted. The
analysis method is based on spectral decomposition and leads to a universal,
analytic curve, that can bound the time-varying prevalence in any finite time
interval. Moreover, that universal curve also applies to various types of
Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) (and Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR))
infection processes, with both homogenous and heterogeneous infection
characteristics (curing and infection rates), in temporal and even disconnected
graphs and in SIS processes with and without self-infections. The accuracy of
the universal curve is comparable to that of well-established mean-field
approximations.


title: DAMA/LIBRA results and perspectives

abstract:
  The DAMA/LIBRA experiment ($\sim$ 250 kg of highly radio-pure NaI(Tl)) is
running deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) of the
I.N.F.N. Here we briefly recall the results obtained in its first phase of
measurements (DAMA/LIBRA--phase1, total exposure: 1.04 ton $\times$ yr).
DAMA/LIBRA--phase1 and the former DAMA/NaI (cumulative exposure: $1.33$ ton
$\times$ yr) give evidence at 9.3 $\sigma$ C.L. for the presence of DM
particles in the galactic halo by exploiting the model-independent DM annual
modulation signature. No systematic or side reaction able to mimic the
exploited DM signature has been found or suggested by anyone over more than a
decade. At present DAMA/LIBRA--phase2 is running with increased sensitivity.


title:
Acoustic Tweezing and Patterning of Concentration Fields in
  Microfluidics

abstract:
  We demonstrate theoretically that acoustic forces acting on inhomogeneous
fluids can be used to pattern and manipulate solute concentration fields into
spatio-temporally controllable configurations stabilized against gravity. A
theoretical framework describing the dynamics of concentration fields that
weakly perturb the fluid density and speed of sound is presented and applied to
study manipulation of concentration fields in rectangular-channel acoustic
eigenmodes and in Bessel-function acoustic vortices. In the first example,
methods to obtain horizontal and vertical multi-layer stratification of the
concentration field at the end of a flow-through channel are presented. In the
second example, we demonstrate acoustic tweezing and spatio-temporal
manipulation of a local high-concentration region in a lower-concentration
medium, thereby extending the realm of acoustic tweezing to include
concentration fields.


title: Analysis of the X-ray spectrum of the hot bubble of BD+30{\deg}3639

abstract:
  We developed a model for wind-blown bubbles with temperature and density
profiles based on self-similar solutions including thermal conduction. We
constructed also heat-conduction bubbles with chemical discontinuities. The
X-ray emission is computed using the well-documented CHIANTI code (v6.0.1).
These bubble models are used to (re)analyse the high-resolution X-ray spectrum
of the hot bubble of BD+30{\deg}3639, and they appeared to be much superior to
constant temperature approaches.
  We found for the X-ray emission of BD+30{\deg}3639 that temperature-sensitive
and abundance-sensitive line ratios computed on the basis of heat-conducting
wind-blown bubbles and with abundances as found in the stellar photosphere/wind
can only be reconciled with the observations if the hot bubble of
BD+30{\deg}3639 is chemically stratified, i.e. if it contains also a small mass
fraction ($\simeq$ 3 %) of hydrogen-rich matter immediately behind the
conduction front. Neon appears to be strongly enriched, with a mass fraction of
at least about 0.06.


title:
Planck-scale-modified dispersion relations in homogeneous and isotropic
  spacetimes

abstract:
  The covariant understanding of dispersion relations as level sets of Hamilton
functions on phase space enables us to derive the most general dispersion
relation compatible with homogeneous and isotropic spacetimes. We use this
concept to present a Planck-scale deformation of the Hamiltonian of a particle
in Friedman-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) geometry that is locally
identical to the $\kappa$-Poincar\'e dispersion relation, in the same way as
the dispersion relation of point particles in general relativity is locally
identical to the one valid in special relativity. Studying the motion of
particles subject to such Hamiltonian we derive the redshift and lateshift as
observable consequences of the Planck-scale deformed FLRW universe.


title:
Asymptotics for moments of certain cotangent sums for arbitrary
  exponents

abstract:
  In this paper we extend a result on the asymptotics of moments of certain
cotangent sums associated to the Estermann and Riemann zeta functions
established in a previous paper for integer exponents to arbitrary positive
real exponents.


title:
An Extended Treatment of Uncertainty Constrained robotic Exploration: An
  Integrated Exploration Planner

abstract:
  Efficient robotic exploration of unknown, sensor limited,
global-information-deficient environments poses unique challenges to path
planning algorithms. In these difficult environments, no deterministic
guarantees on path completion and mission success can be made in general.
Integrated Exploration (IE), which strives to combine localization and
exploration, must be solved in order to create an autonomous robotic system
capable of long term operation in new and challenging environments. This paper
formulates a probabilistic framework which allows the creation of exploration
algorithms providing probabilistic guarantees of success. A novel connection is
made between the Hamiltonian Path Problem and exploration. The Guaranteed
Probabilistic Information Explorer (G-PIE) is developed for the IE problem,
providing a probabilistic guarantee on path completion, and asymptotic
optimality of exploration. A receding horizon formulation, dubbed RH-PIE, is
presented which addresses the exponential complexity present in G-PIE. Finally,
RH-PIE planner is verified via autonomous, hardware-in-the-loop experiments.


title:
Quenched large deviations for simple random walks on percolation models
  including long-range correlations

abstract:
  We prove a {\it{quenched}} large deviation principle (LDP) for a simple
random walk on a supercritical percolation cluster (SRWPC) on $\mathbb Z^d$
($d\geq 2$). The models under interest include classical Bernoulli bond and
site percolation as well as models that exhibit long range correlations, like
the random cluster model, the random interlacement and {the vacant set of
random interlacements} (for $d\geq 3$) and the level sets of the Gaussian free
field ($d\geq 3$).
  Inspired by the methods developed by Kosygina, Rezakhanlou and Varadhan
([KRV06]) for proving quenched LDP for elliptic diffusions with a random drift,
and by Yilmaz ([Y08]) and Rosenbluth ([R06]) for similar results regarding
elliptic random walks in random environment, we take the point of view of the
moving particle and prove a large deviation principle for the quenched
distribution of the {\it{pair empirical measures}} of the environment Markov
chain in the non-elliptic case of SRWPC . Via a contraction principle, this
reduces easily to a quenched LDP for the distribution of the mean velocity of
the random walk and both rate functions admit explicit variational formulas.
  The main difficulty in our set up lies in the inherent non-ellipticity as
well as the lack of {\it{translation-invariance}} stemming from conditioning on
the fact that the origin belongs to the infinite cluster. We develop a unifying
approach for proving quenched large deviations for SRWPC based on exploiting
coercivity properties of the relative entropies in the context of convex
variational analysis, combined with input from ergodic theory and invoking
geometric properties of the supercritical percolation cluster.


title:
Two elementary formulae and some complicated properties for Mertens
  function

abstract:
  Two elementary formulae for Mertens function $M(n)$ are obtained. With these
formulae, $M(n)$ can be calculated directly and simply, which can be easily
implemented by computer. $M (1) \sim M (2 \times 10^7) $ are calculated one by
one. Based on these $2\times 10^7$ samples, some of the complicated properties
for Mertens function $M(n)$, its 16479 zeros, the 10043 local maximum/minimum
between two neighbor zeros, and the relation with the cumulative sum of the
squarefree integers, are understood numerically and empirically.


title:
The communication-hiding pipelined BiCGStab method for the parallel
  solution of large unsymmetric linear systems

abstract:
  A High Performance Computing alternative to traditional Krylov subspace
methods, pipelined Krylov subspace solvers offer better scalability in the
strong scaling limit compared to standard Krylov subspace methods for large and
sparse linear systems. The typical synchronization bottleneck is mitigated by
overlapping time-consuming global communication phases with local computations
in the algorithm. This paper describes a general framework for deriving the
pipelined variant of any Krylov subspace algorithm. The proposed framework was
implicitly used to derive the pipelined Conjugate Gradient (p-CG) method in
"Hiding global synchronization latency in the preconditioned Conjugate Gradient
algorithm" by P. Ghysels and W. Vanroose, Parallel Computing, 40(7):224--238,
2014. The pipelining framework is subsequently illustrated by formulating a
pipelined version of the BiCGStab method for the solution of large unsymmetric
linear systems on parallel hardware. A residual replacement strategy is
proposed to account for the possible loss of attainable accuracy and robustness
by the pipelined BiCGStab method. It is shown that the pipelined algorithm
improves scalability on distributed memory machines, leading to significant
speedups compared to standard preconditioned BiCGStab.


title:
Towards multistage modelling of protein dynamics with monomeric Myc
  oncoprotein as an example

abstract:
  We propose to combine a mean field approach with all atom molecular dynamics
into a multistage algorithm that can model protein folding and dynamics over
very long time periods yet with atomic level precision. As an example we
investigate an isolated monomeric Myc oncoprotein that has been implicated in
carcinomas including those in colon, breast and lungs. Under physiological
conditions a monomeric Myc is presumed to be an example of intrinsically
disordered proteins, that pose a serious challenge to existing modelling
techniques. We argue that a room temperature monomeric Myc is in a dynamical
state, it oscillates between different conformations that we identify. For this
we adopt the C-alpha backbone of Myc in a crystallographic heteromer as an
initial Ansatz for the monomeric structure. We construct a multisoliton of the
pertinent Landau free energy, to describe the C-alpha profile with ultra high
precision. We use Glauber dynamics to resolve how the multisoliton responds to
repeated increases and decreases in ambient temperature. We confirm that the
initial structure is unstable in isolation. We reveal a highly degenerate
ground state landscape, an attractive set towards which Glauber dynamics
converges in the limit of vanishing ambient temperature. We analyse the thermal
stability of this Glauber attractor using room temperature molecular dynamics.
We identify and scrutinise a particularly stable subset in which the two
helical segments of the original multisoliton align in parallel, next to each
other. During the MD time evolution of a representative structure from this
subset, we observe intermittent quasiparticle oscillations along the C-terminal
alpha-helix, some of which resemble a translating Davydov's Amide-I soliton. We
propose that the presence of oscillatory motion is in line with the expected
intrinsically disordered character of Myc.


title:
Implicit Modeling -- A Generalization of Discriminative and Generative
  Approaches

abstract:
  We propose a new modeling approach that is a generalization of generative and
discriminative models. The core idea is to use an implicit parameterization of
a joint probability distribution by specifying only the conditional
distributions. The proposed scheme combines the advantages of both worlds -- it
can use powerful complex discriminative models as its parts, having at the same
time better generalization capabilities. We thoroughly evaluate the proposed
method for a simple classification task with artificial data and illustrate its
advantages for real-word scenarios on a semantic image segmentation problem.


title: The high resolution infrared spectrum of HCl$^+$

abstract:
  The chloroniumyl cation, HCl$^+$, has been recently identified in space from
Herschel's spectra. A joint analysis of extensive vis-UV spectroscopy emission
data together with a few high resolution and high accuracy mm-wave data
provided the necessary rest frequencies to support the astronomical
identification. Nevertheless, the analysis did not include any infrared
vibration-rotation data. Furthermore, with the end of the Herschel mission,
infrared observations from ground may be one of the few available means to
further study this ion in space. In this work we provide a set of accurate
rovibrational transition wavenumbers as well as a new and improved global fit
of vis-UV, IR and mm-wave spectroscopy laboratory data, that will aid in future
studies of this molecule.


title:
A New Type-II Fuzzy Logic Based Controller for Non-linear Dynamical
  Systems with Application to a 3-PSP Parallel Robot

abstract:
  The concept of uncertainty is posed in almost any complex system including
parallel robots as an outstanding instance of dynamical robotics systems. As
suggested by the name, uncertainty, is some missing information that is beyond
the knowledge of human thus we may tend to handle it properly to minimize the
side-effects through the control process.
  Type-II fuzzy logic has shown its superiority over traditional fuzzy logic
when dealing with uncertainty. Type-II fuzzy logic controllers are however
newer and more promising approaches that have been recently applied to various
fields due to their significant contribution especially when noise (as an
important instance of uncertainty) emerges. During the design of Type-I fuzzy
logic systems, we presume that we are almost certain about the fuzzy membership
functions which is not true in many cases. Thus T2FLS as a more realistic
approach dealing with practical applications might have a lot to offer. Type-II
fuzzy logic takes into account a higher level of uncertainty, in other words,
the membership grade for a type-II fuzzy variable is no longer a crisp number
but rather is itself a type-I linguistic term. In this thesis the effects of
uncertainty in dynamic control of a parallel robot is considered. More
specifically, it is intended to incorporate the Type-II Fuzzy Logic paradigm
into a model based controller, the so-called computed torque control method,
and apply the result to a 3 degrees of freedom parallel manipulator.
  ...


title: A Distance Function for Comparing Straight-Edge Geometric Figures

abstract:
  This paper defines a distance function that measures the dissimilarity
between planar geometric figures formed with straight lines. This function can
in turn be used in partial matching of different geometric figures. For a given
pair of geometric figures that are graphically isomorphic, one function
measures the angular dissimilarity and another function measures the edge
length disproportionality. The distance function is then defined as the convex
sum of these two functions. The novelty of the presented function is that it
satisfies all properties of a distance function and the computation of the same
is done by projecting appropriate features to a cartesian plane. To compute the
deviation from the angular similarity property, the Euclidean distance between
the given angular pairs and the corresponding points on the $y=x$ line is
measured. Further while computing the deviation from the edge length
proportionality property, the best fit line, for the set of edge lengths, which
passes through the origin is found, and the Euclidean distance between the
given edge length pairs and the corresponding point on a $y=mx$ line is
calculated. Iterative Proportional Fitting Procedure (IPFP) is used to find
this best fit line. We demonstrate the behavior of the defined function for
some sample pairs of figures.


title: Learning Adversary-Resistant Deep Neural Networks

abstract:
  Deep neural networks (DNNs) have proven to be quite effective in a vast array
of machine learning tasks, with recent examples in cyber security and
autonomous vehicles. Despite the superior performance of DNNs in these
applications, it has been recently shown that these models are susceptible to a
particular type of attack that exploits a fundamental flaw in their design.
This attack consists of generating particular synthetic examples referred to as
adversarial samples. These samples are constructed by slightly manipulating
real data-points in order to "fool" the original DNN model, forcing it to
mis-classify previously correctly classified samples with high confidence.
Addressing this flaw in the model is essential if DNNs are to be used in
critical applications such as those in cyber security.
  Previous work has provided various learning algorithms to enhance the
robustness of DNN models, and they all fall into the tactic of "security
through obscurity". This means security can be guaranteed only if one can
obscure the learning algorithms from adversaries. Once the learning technique
is disclosed, DNNs protected by these defense mechanisms are still susceptible
to adversarial samples. In this work, we investigate this issue shared across
previous research work and propose a generic approach to escalate a DNN's
resistance to adversarial samples. More specifically, our approach integrates a
data transformation module with a DNN, making it robust even if we reveal the
underlying learning algorithm. To demonstrate the generality of our proposed
approach and its potential for handling cyber security applications, we
evaluate our method and several other existing solutions on datasets publicly
available. Our results indicate that our approach typically provides superior
classification performance and resistance in comparison with state-of-art
solutions.


title: On the existence of weak subgame perfect equilibria

abstract:
  We study multi-player turn-based games played on (potentially infinite)
directed graphs. An outcome is assigned to every play of the game. Each player
has a preference relation on the set of outcomes which allows him to compare
plays. We focus on the recently introduced notion of weak subgame perfect
equilibrium (weak SPE). This is a variant of the classical notion of SPE, where
players who deviate can only use strategies deviating from their initial
strategy in a finite number of histories. Having an SPE in a game implies
having a weak SPE but the contrary is generally false.
  We propose general conditions on the structure of the game graph and on the
preference relations of the players that guarantee the existence of a weak SPE,
that additionally is finite-memory. From this general result, we derive two
large classes of games for which there always exists a weak SPE: (i) the games
with a finite-range outcome function, and (ii) the games with a finite
underlying graph and a prefix-independent outcome function. For the second
class, we identify conditions on the preference relations that guarantee
memoryless strategies for the weak SPE.


title: Empirical Bayes Methods for Prior Estimation in Systems Medicine

abstract:
  One of the main goals of mathematical modeling in systems medicine related to
medical applications is to obtain patient-specific parameterizations and model
predictions. In clinical practice, however, the number of available
measurements for single patients is usually limited due to time and cost
restrictions. This hampers the process of making patient-specific predictions
about the outcome of a treatment. On the other hand, data are often available
for many patients, in particular if extensive clinical studies have been
performed. Therefore, before applying Bayes' rule \emph{separately} to the data
of each patient (which is typically performed using a non-informative prior),
it is meaningful to use empirical Bayes methods in order to construct an
informative prior from all available data. We compare the performance of four
priors -- a non-informative prior and priors chosen by nonparametric maximum
likelihood estimation (NPMLE), by maximum penalized likelihood estimation
(MPLE) and by doubly-smoothed maximum likelihood estimation (DS-MLE) -- by
applying them to a low-dimensional parameter estimation problem in a toy model
as well as to a high-dimensional ODE model of the human menstrual cycle, which
represents a typical example from systems biology modeling.


title:
Mapping the Dialog Act Annotations of the LEGO Corpus into the
  Communicative Functions of ISO 24617-2

abstract:
  In this paper we present strategies for mapping the dialog act annotations of
the LEGO corpus into the communicative functions of the ISO 24617-2 standard.
Using these strategies, we obtained an additional 347 dialogs annotated
according to the standard. This is particularly important given the reduced
amount of existing data in those conditions due to the recency of the standard.
Furthermore, these are dialogs from a widely explored corpus for dialog related
tasks. However, its dialog annotations have been neglected due to their high
domain-dependency, which renders them unuseful outside the context of the
corpus. Thus, through our mapping process, we both obtain more data annotated
according to a recent standard and provide useful dialog act annotations for a
widely explored corpus in the context of dialog research.


title: Heterogeneous dynamics during yielding of glasses: effect of aging

abstract:
  Molecular dynamics computer simulations of a binary Lennard-Jones glass under
shear are presented. The mechanical response of glassy states having different
thermal histories is investigated by imposing a wide range of external shear
rates, at different temperatures. The stress-strain relations exhibit an
overshoot at a strain of around 0.1, marking the yielding of the glass sample
and the onset of plastic flow. The amplitude of the overshoot shows a
logarithmic behavior with respect to a dimensionless variable, given by the age
of the sample times the shear rate. Dynamical heterogeneities having finite
lifetimes, in the form of shear bands, are observed as the glass deforms under
shear. By quantifying the spatial fluctuations of particle mobility, we
demonstrate that such shearbanding occurs only under specific combinations of
imposed shear-rate, age of glass and ambient temperature.


title:
From output regulation theory to flatness based tracking: a bridge for
  linear systems

abstract:
  The trajectory tracking problem for multivariable linear systems is
considered. Two different techniques are examined: the output regulation theory
(ORT) and the flatness based tracking (FBT). ORT and FBT are two different
approaches to solve the tracking problem, and both methods have different
restrictions. The tracking controller of the ORT furthermore depends on the
solution of the so-called regulator equations. In this paper, a special
analytic solution of the regulator equations is presented. Additionally, based
on this analytic solution, a link from the ORT to the FBT approach is provided,
and the connection of both tracking controllers is highlighted. It is shown how
the ORT controller can be converted to the FBT controller and that both methods
lead to identical control laws for a certain class of systems.


title: Misaligned ring resonator with a lens-like medium

abstract:
  The paper presents a theoretical study of the eigenmodes of a misaligned ring
multi-mirror laser cavity one or several arms of which are filled with an
inhomogeneous medium. We start with posing the general problem of calculation
of the radiation characteristics for a ring resonator with arbitrary
inhomogeneities of the medium and mirrors, in the paraxial approximation. Then
the general relations are specified for the lens-like resonator model in which
the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index, as well as the phase and
amplitude corrections performed by the mirrors, quadratically depend on the
transverse coordinates. Explicit expressions are obtained for the eigen
frequency and spatial characteristics of the radiation via the coefficients of
the Hermite-Gaussian functions describing the complex amplitude distributions
at the mirrors. The main results are formulated in terms of linear relations
between positions of the resonator mode axis at the mirrors and the
misalignment parameters (small shifts and tilts of the mirrors). The explicit
results display the coefficients of the above linear relations. They are
calculated for the 3-mirror cavity with using a specially developed approach
employing peculiar conditions to the coefficients' form that follow from very
general considerations of two groups: 1) Independence of the resulting
frequency shifts on the sequence in which the misalignments are made (this is
the base of the energy method for the resonator analysis, which is essentially
generalized and improved); 2) Geometrical symmetry of the resonator. The
results of calculations can be used in order to control the radiation
characteristics in relation to the resonator misalignments, in particular, for
analysis of the output radiation stability and sensitivity to small changes of
the cavity configuration.


title:
A General Age-Specific Mortality Model with An Example Indexed by Child
  or Child/Adult Mortality

abstract:
  BACKGROUND. The majority of countries in Africa and nearly one third of all
countries require mortality models to infer complete age schedules of
mortality, required for population estimates, projections/forecasts and many
other tasks in demography and epidemiology. Models that relate child mortality
to mortality at other ages are important because all countries have measures of
child mortality.
  OBJECTIVE. 1) Design a general model for age-specific mortality that provides
a standard way to relate covariates to age-specific mortality. 2) Calibrate
that model using the relationship between child or child/adult mortality and
mortality at other ages. 3) Validate the calibrated model and compare its
performance to existing models.
  METHODS. A general, parametrizable component model of mortality is designed
using the singular value decomposition (SVD-Comp) and calibrated to the
relationship between child or child/adult mortality and mortality at other ages
in the observed mortality schedules of the Human Mortality Database. Cross
validation is used to validate the model, and the predictive performance of the
model is compared to that of the Log-Quad model, designed to do the same thing.
  RESULTS. Prediction and cross validation tests indicate that the child
mortality-calibrated SVD-Comp is able to accurately represent the observed
mortality schedules in the Human Mortality Database, is robust to the selection
of mortality schedules used to calibrate it, and performs better than the
Log-Quad Model.
  CONCLUSIONS. The child mortality-calibrated SVD-Comp is a useful tool that
can be used where child mortality is available but mortality at other ages is
unknown. Together with earlier work on an HIV prevalence-calibrated version of
SVD-Comp, this work suggests that this approach is truly general and could be
used to develop a wide range of additional useful models.


title:
Probabilistic Broken-Stick Model: A Regression Algorithm for Irregularly
  Sampled Data with Application to eGFR

abstract:
  In order for clinicians to manage disease progression and make effective
decisions about drug dosage, treatment regimens or scheduling follow up
appointments, it is necessary to be able to identify both short and long-term
trends in repeated biomedical measurements. However, this is complicated by the
fact that these measurements are irregularly sampled and influenced by both
genuine physiological changes and external factors. In their current forms,
existing regression algorithms often do not fulfil all of a clinician's
requirements for identifying short-term events while still being able to
identify long-term trends in disease progression. Therefore, in order to
balance both short term interpretability and long term flexibility, an
extension to broken-stick regression models is proposed in order to make them
more suitable for modelling clinical time series. The proposed probabilistic
broken-stick model can robustly estimate both short-term and long-term trends
simultaneously, while also accommodating the unequal length and irregularly
sampled nature of clinical time series. Moreover, since the model is parametric
and completely generative, its first derivative provides a long-term non-linear
estimate of the annual rate of change in the measurements more reliably than
linear regression. The benefits of the proposed model are illustrated using
estimated glomerular filtration rate as a case study for managing patients with
chronic kidney disease.


title:
Space-time adaptive ADER-DG schemes for dissipative flows: compressible
  Navier-Stokes and resistive MHD equations

abstract:
  This paper presents an arbitrary h.o. accurate ADER DG method on space-time
adaptive meshes (AMR) for the solution of two important families of non-linear
time dependent PDE for compr. dissipative flows: the compr. Navier-Stokes
equations and the equations of visc. and res. MHD in 2 and 3 space-dimensions.
The work continues a recent series of papers concerning the development and
application of a proper a posteriori subcell FV limiting procedure suitable for
DG methods. It is a well known fact that a major weakness of h.o. DG methods
lies in the difficulty of limiting discontinuous solutions, which generate
spurious oscillations, namely the so-called 'Gibbs phenomenon'. In the present
work the main benefits of the MOOD paradigm, i.e. the computational robustness
even in the presence of strong shocks, are preserved and the numerical
diffusion is considerably reduced also for the limited cells by resorting to a
proper sub-grid. An important feature of our new scheme is its ability to cure
even floating point errors that may occur during a simulation, for example when
taking real roots of negative numbers or after divisions by zero. We apply the
whole approach for the first time to the equations of compr. gas dynamics and
MHD in the presence of viscosity, thermal conductivity and magnetic
resistivity, therefore extending our family of adaptive ADER-DG schemes to
cases for which the numerical fluxes also depend on the gradient of the state
vector. The distinguished high-resolution properties of the presented numerical
scheme stands out against a wide number of non-trivial test cases both for the
compr. Navier-Stokes and the viscous and resistive MHD equations. The present
results show clearly that the shock-capturing capability of the news schemes
are significantly enhanced within a cell-by-cell Adaptive Mesh Refinement
implementation together with time accurate local time stepping (LTS).


title:
An Elementary method of Deriving A Posteriori Error Equalities and
  Estimates for Linear Partial Differential Equations

abstract:
  In this paper we present a simple method of deriving a posteriori error
equalities and estimates for linear elliptic and parabolic partial differential
equations. The error is measured in a combined norm taking into account both
the primal and dual variables. We work only on the continuous (often called
functional) level and do not suppose any specific properties of numerical
methods and discretizations.


title: Frederick William Gehring, Life and Mathematics

abstract:
  Frederick William Gehring was a hugely influential mathematician who spent
most of his career at the University of Michigan. Gehring's major research
contributions were to Geometric Function Theory, particularly in higher
dimensions $\IR^n$, $n\geq 3$. This field he developed in close coordination
with colleagues, primarily in Finland, over three decades 1960 -- 1990.
Gehring's seminal work drove this field forward initiating important
connections with geometry and nonlinear partial differential equations, while
addressing and solving major problems. During his career Gehring received many
honours from the international mathematical community. He was invited three
times to address the International Congress of Mathematicians, at Moscow in
1966, at Vancouver in 1974, and at Berkeley (a plenary lecture) in 1986. He was
awarded honorary degrees from the University of Helsinki (1979), the University
of Jyv\"askyl\"a (1990), and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology
(1997). In 1989, he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
and the National Academy of Sciences. This is an extended obituary of his life
and mathematical contributions.


title: Multi-stage Clustering of Breast Cancer for Precision Medicine

abstract:
  Cancer has become one of the most widespread diseases in the world.
Specifically, breast cancer is diagnosed more often than any other type of
cancer. However, breast cancer patients and their individual tumors are often
unique. Identifying the underlying genetic phenotype can lead to precision
(personalized) medicine. Tailoring medical treatment strategies to best fit the
needs of individual patients can dramatically improve their health. Such an
approach requires sufficient knowledge of the patients and the diseases, which
is currently unavailable to practitioners. This study focuses on breast cancer
and proposes a novel two-stage clustering method to partition patients into
hierarchical groups. The first stage is broad grouping, which is based on
phenotypes such as demographic information and clinical features. The second
stage is fine grouping based on genomic characteristics, such as copy number
variation and somatic mutation, of patients in a subgroup resulting from the
first stage. Generally, this framework offers a mechanism to mix multiple forms
of data, both phenotypic and genomic, to most effectively define individual
patients for personalized predictions. This method provides the ability to
detect correlation among all factors.


title: Semi-Supervised Learning via Sparse Label Propagation

abstract:
  This work proposes a novel method for semi-supervised learning from partially
labeled massive network-structured datasets, i.e., big data over networks. We
model the underlying hypothesis, which relates data points to labels, as a
graph signal, defined over some graph (network) structure intrinsic to the
dataset. Following the key principle of supervised learning, i.e., similar
inputs yield similar outputs, we require the graph signals induced by labels to
have small total variation. Accordingly, we formulate the problem of learning
the labels of data points as a non-smooth convex optimization problem which
amounts to balancing between the empirical loss, i.e., the discrepancy with
some partially available label information, and the smoothness quantified by
the total variation of the learned graph signal. We solve this optimization
problem by appealing to a recently proposed preconditioned variant of the
popular primal-dual method by Pock and Chambolle, which results in a sparse
label propagation algorithm. This learning algorithm allows for a highly
scalable implementation as message passing over the underlying data graph. By
applying concepts of compressed sensing to the learning problem, we are also
able to provide a transparent sufficient condition on the underlying network
structure such that accurate learning of the labels is possible. We also
present an implementation of the message passing formulation allows for a
highly scalable implementation in big data frameworks.


title: Electronic Properties of Bilayer Fullerene Onions

abstract:
  The HOMO-LUMO gaps of the bilayer fullerene onions were investigated. For
this purpose, the HOMO and LUMO energies were calculated for the isolated
fullerenes using the parametrization of the tight binding method with the
Harrison-Goodwin modification. Next, the difference of the Fermi levels of the
outer and inner shell was calculated by considering the hybridization of the
orbitals on the base of the geometric parameters. The results were obtained by
the combination of these calculations.