title: Topological quantum properties of chiral crystals

abstract:
  Chiral crystals are materials whose lattice structure has a well-defined
handedness due to the lack of inversion, mirror, or other roto-inversion
symmetries. These crystals represent a broad, important class of quantum
materials; their structural chirality has been found to allow for a wide range
of phenomena in condensed matter physics, including skyrmions in chiral
magnets, unconventional pairing in chiral superconductors, nonlocal transport
and unique magnetoelectric effects in chiral metals, as well as
enantioselective photoresponse. Nevertheless, while these phenomena have been
intensely investigated, the topological electronic properties of chiral
crystals have still remained largely uncharacterized. While recent theoretical
advances have shown that the presence of crystalline symmetries can protect
novel band crossings in 2D and 3D systems, we present a new class of Weyl
fermions enforced by the absence of particular crystal symmetries. These
"Kramers-Weyl" fermions are a universal topological electronic property of all
nonmagnetic chiral crystals with spin-orbit coupling (SOC); they are guaranteed
by lattice translation, structural chirality, and time-reversal symmetry, and
unlike conventional Weyl fermions, appear at time-reversal-invariant momenta
(TRIMs). We cement this finding by identifying representative chiral materials
in the majority of the 65 chiral space groups in which Kramers-Weyl fermions
are relevant to low-energy physics. By combining our analysis with the results
of previous works, we determine that all point-like nodal degeneracies in
nonmagnetic chiral crystals with relevant SOC carry nontrivial Chern numbers.
We further show that, beyond the previous phenomena allowed by structural
chirality, Kramers-Weyl fermions enable unusual phenomena, such as a novel
electron spin texture, chiral bulk Fermi surfaces over large energy windows.


title: Thin Film growth of Solid State materials

abstract:
  Magnetron sputtering has also been used to deposit thin films of some
materials and it has significant technological importance. A modeling on
deposition of epitaxial thin films of Yttrium Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) was
done the diffusion of adatom on the surface were studies. There exists a strong
interaction of ions formed in the plasma during the sputtering process. Cu thin
films were deposited on Si. Nanocomposite thin film of SiCN showed dendritic
growth.


title:
Raman studies on nanocomposite silicon carbonitride thin film deposited
  by RF magnetron sputtering at different substrate temperatures

abstract:
  Raman studies of nanocomposite SiCN thin film by sputtering showed that with
an increase of substrate temperature from room temperature to 500oC, a
transition from mostly sp2 graphitic phase to sp3 carbon took place which was
observed from the variation of ID/IG ratio and the peak shifts. This process
resulted in the growth of C3N4 and Si3N4 crystallites in the amorphous matrix
which led to an increase in hardness and modulus obtained through
nanoindentation. However, at a further higher temperature of 600oC, again an
increase of sp2 C concentration in the film was observed and the H and E values
showed a decrease due to increased growth of graphitic carbon phase. The whole
process got reflected in a modified four stage Ferrari Robertson model of Raman
spectroscopy.


title: Critical phenomena on k-booklets

abstract:
  We define a `k-booklet' to be a set of k semi-infinite planes with $-\infty <
x < \infty$ and $y \geq 0$, glued together at the edges (the `spine') y=0. On
such booklets we study three critical phenomena: Self-avoiding random walks,
the Ising model, and percolation. For k=2 a booklet is equivalent to a single
infinite lattice, for k=1 to a semi-infinite lattice. In both these cases the
systems show standard critical phenomena. This is not so for k>2. Self avoiding
walks starting at y=0 show a first order transition at a shifted critical
point, with no power-behaved scaling laws. The Ising model and percolation show
hybrid transitions, i.e. the scaling laws of the standard models coexist with
discontinuities of the order parameter at $y\approx 0$, and the critical points
are not shifted. In case of the Ising model ergodicity is already broken at
$T=T_c$, and not only for $T<T_c$ as in the standard geometry. In all three
models correlations (as measured by walk and cluster shapes) are highly
anisotropic for small y.


title: Minimization of anisotropic energies in classes of rectifiable varifolds

abstract:
  We consider the minimization problem of an anisotropic energy in classes of
$d$-rectifiable varifolds in $\mathbb R^n$, closed under Lipschitz deformations
and encoding a suitable notion of boundary. We prove that any minimizing
sequence with density uniformly bounded from below converges (up to
subsequences) to a $d$-rectifiable varifold. Moreover, the limiting varifold is
integral, provided the minimizing sequence is made of integral varifolds with
uniformly locally bounded anisotropic first variation.


title:
Asphericity, Interaction, and Dust in the Type II-P/II-L Supernova
  2013ej in Messier 74

abstract:
  SN 2013ej is a well-studied core-collapse supernova (SN) that stemmed from a
directly identified red supergiant (RSG) progenitor in galaxy M74. The source
exhibits signs of substantial geometric asphericity, X-rays from persistent
interaction with circumstellar material (CSM), thermal emission from warm dust,
and a light curve that appears intermediate between supernovae of Types II-P
and II-L. The proximity of this source motivates a close inspection of these
physical characteristics and their potential interconnection. We present
multi-epoch spectropolarimetry of SN 2013ej during the first 107 days, and deep
optical spectroscopy and ultraviolet through infrared photometry past ~800
days. SN 2013ej exhibits the strongest and most persistent continuum and line
polarization ever observed for a SN of its class during the recombination
phase. Modeling indicates that the data are consistent with an oblate
ellipsoidal photosphere, viewed nearly edge-on, and probably augmented by
optical scattering from circumstellar dust. We suggest that interaction with an
equatorial distribution of CSM, perhaps the result of binary evolution, is
responsible for generating the photospheric asphericity. Relatedly, our
late-time optical imaging and spectroscopy shows that asymmetric CSM
interaction is ongoing, and the morphology of broad H-alpha emission from
shock-excited ejecta provides additional evidence that the geometry of the
interaction region is ellipsoidal. Alternatively, a prolate ellipsoidal
geometry from an intrinsically bipolar explosion is also a plausible
interpretation of the data, but would probably require a ballistic jet of
radioactive material capable of penetrating the hydrogen envelope early in the
recombination phase (abridged).


title:
How Atomic Steps Modify Diffusion and Inter-adsorbate Forces: Empirical
  Evidence From Hopping Dynamics in Na/Cu(115)

abstract:
  We followed the collective atomic-scale motion of Na atoms on a vicinal
Cu(115) surface within a time scale of pico to nano-seconds using helium spin
echo spectroscopy. The well defined stepped structure of Cu(115) allows us to
study the effect that atomic steps have on the adsorption properties, the rate
for motion parallel and perpendicular to the step edge and the interaction
between the Na atoms. With the support of a molecular dynamics simulation we
show that the Na atoms perform strongly anisotropic one dimensional hopping
motion parallel to the step edges. Furthermore, we observe that the spatial and
temporal correlations between the Na atoms which lead to collective motion are
also anisotropic, suggesting the steps efficiently screen the lateral
interaction between Na atoms residing on different terraces.


title: Straight to Shapes: Real-time Detection of Encoded Shapes

abstract:
  Current object detection approaches predict bounding boxes, but these provide
little instance-specific information beyond location, scale and aspect ratio.
In this work, we propose to directly regress to objects' shapes in addition to
their bounding boxes and categories. It is crucial to find an appropriate shape
representation that is compact and decodable, and in which objects can be
compared for higher-order concepts such as view similarity, pose variation and
occlusion. To achieve this, we use a denoising convolutional auto-encoder to
establish an embedding space, and place the decoder after a fast end-to-end
network trained to regress directly to the encoded shape vectors. This yields
what to the best of our knowledge is the first real-time shape prediction
network, running at ~35 FPS on a high-end desktop. With higher-order shape
reasoning well-integrated into the network pipeline, the network shows the
useful practical quality of generalising to unseen categories similar to the
ones in the training set, something that most existing approaches fail to
handle.


title: Routing Number Of A Pyramid

abstract:
  In this short note we give the routing number of pyramid graph under the
\textit{routing via matching} model introduced by Alon et al\cite{5}. This
model can be viewed as a communication scheme on a distributed network. The
nodes in the network can communicate via matchings (a step), where a node
exchanges data with its partner. Formally, given a connected graph $G$ with
vertices labeled from $[1,...,n]$ and a permutation $\pi$ giving the
destination of pebbles on the vertices the problem is to find a minimum step
routing scheme. This is denoted as the routing time $rt(G,\pi)$ of $G$ given
$\pi$. We show that a $d$-dimensional pyramid with $m$ levels has a routing
number of $O(dN^{1/d})$.


title: Search for Muonic Dark Forces at BABAR

abstract:
  Many models of physics beyond Standard Model predict the existence of light
Higgs states, dark photons, and new gauge bosons mediating interactions between
dark sectors and the Standard Model. Using a full data sample collected with
the BABAR detector at the PEP-II $e^+e^-$ collider, we report searches for a
light non-Standard Model Higgs boson, dark photon, and a new muonic dark force
mediated by a gauge boson ($Z'$) coupling only to the second and third lepton
families. Our results significantly improve upon the current bounds and further
constrain the remaining region of the allowed parameter space.


title: Aperture-free star formation rate of SDSS star-forming galaxies

abstract:
  Large area surveys with a high number of galaxies observed have undoubtedly
marked a milestone in the understanding of several properties of galaxies, such
as star-formation history, morphology, and metallicity. However, in many cases,
these surveys provide fluxes from fixed small apertures (e.g. fibre), which
cover a scant fraction of the galaxy, compelling us to use aperture corrections
to study the global properties of galaxies. In this work, we derive the current
total star formation rate (SFR) of Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) star-forming
galaxies, using an empirically based aperture correction of the measured $\rm
H\alpha$ flux for the first time, thus minimising the uncertainties associated
with reduced apertures. All the $\rm H\alpha$ fluxes have been
extinction-corrected using the $\rm H\alpha/H\beta$ ratio free from aperture
effects. The total SFR for $\sim$210,000 SDSS star-forming galaxies has been
derived applying pure empirical $\rm H\alpha$ and $\rm H\alpha/H\beta$ aperture
corrections based on the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) survey.
We find that, on average, the aperture-corrected SFR is $\sim$0.65dex higher
than the SDSS fibre-based SFR. The relation between the SFR and stellar mass
for SDSS star-forming galaxies (SFR--$\rm M_\star$) has been obtained, together
with its dependence on extinction and $\rm H\alpha$ equivalent width. We
compare our results with those obtained in previous works and examine the
behaviour of the derived SFR in six redshift bins, over the redshift range $\rm
0.005 \leq z\leq 0.22$. The SFR--$\rm M_\star$ sequence derived here is in
agreement with selected observational studies based on integral field
spectroscopy of individual galaxies as well as with the predictions of recent
theoretical models of disc galaxies.


title: Spectral gap of scl in free products

abstract:
  Let $G=*_\lambda G_\lambda$ be a free product of torsion-free groups, and let
$g\in[G,G]$ be any element not conjugate into a $G_\lambda$. Then
scl$_G(g)\ge1/2$. This generalizes, and gives a new proof of a theorem of
Duncan-Howie.


title:
Simultaneous measurement of two non-commuting quantum variables:
  Solution of a dynamical model

abstract:
  The possibility of performing simultaneous measurements in quantum mechanics
is investigated in the context of the Curie-Weiss model for a projective
measurement. Concretely, we consider a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ system simultaneously
interacting with two magnets, which act as measuring apparatuses of two
different spin components. We work out the dynamics of this process and
determine the final state of the measuring apparatuses, from which we can find
the probabilities of the four possible outcomes of the measurements. The
measurement is found to be non-ideal, as (i) the joint statistics do not
coincide with the one obtained by separately measuring each spin component, and
(ii) the density matrix of the spin does not collapse in either of the measured
observables. However, we give an operational interpretation of the process as a
generalised quantum measurement, and show that it is fully informative: The
expected value of the measured spin components can be found with arbitrary
precision for sufficiently many runs of the experiment.


title:
Tricriticality in the $q$-neighbor Ising model on a partially duplex
  clique

abstract:
  We analyze a modified kinetic Ising model, so called $q$-neighbor Ising
model, with Metropolis dynamics, [Phys. Rev. E 92, 052105], on a duplex clique
and a partially duplex clique. In the $q$-neighbor Ising model each spin
interacts only with $q$ spins randomly chosen from its whole neighborhood. In
the case of a duplex clique the change of a spin is allowed only if both levels
simultaneously induce this change. Due to the mean-field like nature of the
model we are able to derive the analytic form of transition probabilities and
solve the corresponding master equation. The existence of the second level
changes dramatically the character of the phase transition. In the case of the
monoplex clique, the $q$-neighbor Ising model exhibits continuous phase
transition for $q=3$, discontinuous phase transition for $q \ge 4$ and for
$q=1$ and $q=2$ the phase transition is not observed. On the other hand, in the
case of the duplex clique continuous phase transitions are observed for all
values of $q$, even for $q=1$ and $q=2$. Subsequently we introduce a partially
duplex clique, parametrized by $r \in [0,1]$, which allows us to tune the
network from monoplex ($r=0$) to duplex ($r=1$). Such a generalized topology,
in which a fraction $r$ of all nodes appear on both levels, allows to obtain
the critical value of $r=r^*(q)$ at which a tricriticality (switch from
continuous to discontinuous phase transition) appears.


title: Universality and Asymptotic Scaling in Drilling Percolation

abstract:
  We present simulations of a 3-d percolation model studied recently by K.J.
Schrenk et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 055701 (2016)], obtained with a new and
more efficient algorithm. They confirm most of their results in spite of larger
systems and higher statistics used in the present paper, but we also find
indications that the results do not yet represent the true asymptotic behavior.
The model is obtained by replacing the isotropic holes in ordinary Bernoulli
percolation by randomly placed and oriented cylinders, with the constraint that
the cylinders are parallel to one of the three coordinate axes. We also
speculate on possible generalizations.


title:
JVLA Wideband Polarimetry Observations on a Sample of High Rotation
  Measure Sources

abstract:
  We present preliminary results of JVLA wideband full polarization
observations of a sample of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) with very high
Rotation Measure (RM) values, a sign of extreme environment. Polarization
properties show a complex behaviour such that the polarization angle (PA) and
fractional polarization (fp) change dramatically within the wide band. The
measured RM is not constant within the wide band. Its complex behaviour
reflects the complexity of the medium with the presence of several Faraday
components. The depolarization has been studied by modelling the variations of
the Stokes parameters Q and U together with the polarization parameters (PA and
fp) with wavelength using combinations of the simplest existing depolarization
models. With this JVLA study we could spectrally resolve multiple polarized
components of unresolved AGN. These preliminary results reveal the complexity
of these objects, but improvements to the depolarization modelling are needed
to better understand the polarization structure of these sources.


title: Multi-Modal Mean-Fields via Cardinality-Based Clamping

abstract:
  Mean Field inference is central to statistical physics. It has attracted much
interest in the Computer Vision community to efficiently solve problems
expressible in terms of large Conditional Random Fields. However, since it
models the posterior probability distribution as a product of marginal
probabilities, it may fail to properly account for important dependencies
between variables. We therefore replace the fully factorized distribution of
Mean Field by a weighted mixture of such distributions, that similarly
minimizes the KL-Divergence to the true posterior. By introducing two new
ideas, namely, conditioning on groups of variables instead of single ones and
using a parameter of the conditional random field potentials, that we identify
to the temperature in the sense of statistical physics to select such groups,
we can perform this minimization efficiently. Our extension of the clamping
method proposed in previous works allows us to both produce a more descriptive
approximation of the true posterior and, inspired by the diverse MAP paradigms,
fit a mixture of Mean Field approximations. We demonstrate that this positively
impacts real-world algorithms that initially relied on mean fields.


title:
The forward-backward asymmetry for massive bottom quarks at the $Z$ peak
  at next-to-next-to-leading order QCD

abstract:
  We compute the order $\alpha_s^2$ QCD corrections to the $b$-quark
forward-backward asymmetry in $e^+e^-\to b{\bar b}$ collisions at the $Z$ boson
resonance, taking the non-zero mass of the $b$ quark into account. We determine
these corrections with respect to both the $b$-quark axis and the thrust axis
definition of the asymmetry. We compute also the distributions of these axes
with respect to the electron beam. If one neglects the flavor singlet
contributions to the $b$-quark asymmetry, as was done in previous computations
for massless $b$ quarks, then the second-order QCD corrections for $m_b\neq 0$
are smaller in magnitude than the corresponding corrections for $m_b=0$.
Including the singlet contributions slightly increases the magnitude of the
corrections. The massive $\alpha_s^2$ corrections to the $b$-quark
forward-backward asymmetry slightly diminish the well-known tension between the
bare $b$-quark asymmetry and the standard model fit from $2.9\sigma$ to
$2.6\sigma$.


title: Scheduling of EV Battery Swapping, I: Centralized Solution

abstract:
  We formulate an optimal scheduling problem for battery swapping that assigns
to each electric vehicle (EV) a best station to swap its depleted battery based
on its current location and state of charge. The schedule aims to minimize
total travel distance and generation cost over both station assignments and
power flow variables, subject to EV range constraints, grid operational
constraints and AC power flow equations. To deal with the nonconvexity of power
flow equations and the binary nature of station assignments, we propose a
solution based on second-order cone programming (SOCP) relaxation of optimal
power flow (OPF) and generalized Benders decomposition. When the SOCP
relaxation is exact, this approach computes a globally optimal solution. We
evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm through simulations. The
algorithm requires global information and is suitable for cases where the
distribution network, stations, and EVs are managed centrally by the same
operator. In Part II of the paper, we develop distributed solutions for cases
where they are operated by different organizations that do not share private
information.


title: On the well-posedness of the inviscid 2D Boussinesq equation

abstract:
  In this paper we consider the inviscid 2D Boussinesq equation on the Sobolev
spaces $H^s(\R^2)$, $s > 2$. Using a geometric approach we show that for any $T
> 0$ the corresponding solution map, $(u(0),\theta(0)) \mapsto
(u(T),\theta(T))$, is nowhere locally uniformly continuous.


title: Regularization and Interpolation of Positive Matrices

abstract:
  We consider certain matricial analogues of optimal mass transport of positive
definite matrices of equal trace. The framework is motivated by the need to
devise a suitable geometry for interpolating positive definite matrices in ways
that allow controlling the apparent tradeoff between "aligning up their
eigenstructure" and "scaling the corresponding eigenvalues". Indeed, motivation
for this work is provided by power spectral analysis of multivariate time
series where, linear interpolation between matrix-valued power spectra
generates push-pop artifacts. Push-pop of power distribuion is objectionable as
it corresponds to unrealistic response of scatterers.


title:
Highly-Secure Physically Unclonable Cryptographic Primitives Using
  Nonlinear Conductance and Analog State Tuning in Memristive Crossbar Arrays

abstract:
  The rapidly expanding hardware-intrinsic security primitives are aimed at
addressing significant security challenges of a massively interconnected world
in the age of information technology. The main idea of such primitives is to
employ instance-specific process-induced variations in electronic hardware as a
source of cryptographic data. Among the emergent technologies, memristive
devices provide unique opportunities for security applications due to the
underlying stochasticity in their operation. Herein, we report a prototype of a
robust, dense, and reconfigurable physical unclonable function primitives based
on the three-dimensional passive metal-oxide memristive crossbar circuits, by
making positive use of process-induced variations in the devices' nonlinear
I-Vs and their analog tuning. We first characterize security metrics for a
basic building block of the security primitives based on a two layer stack with
monolithically integrated 10x10 250-nm half-pitch memristive crossbar circuits.
The experimental results show that the average uniformity and diffusivity,
measured on a random sample of 6,000 64-bit responses, out of ~697,000 total,
is close to ideal 50% with 5% standard deviation for both metrics. The
uniqueness, which was evaluated on a smaller sample by readjusting conductances
of crosspoint devices within the same crossbar, is also close to the ideal 50%
+/- 1%, while the smallest bit error rate, i.e. reciprocal of reliability,
measured over 30-day window under +/-20% power supply variations, was ~ 1.5%
+/- 1%. We then utilize multiple instances of the basic block to demonstrate
physically unclonable functional primitive with 10-bit hidden challenge
generation that encodes more than 10^19 challenge response pairs and has
comparable uniformity, diffusiveness, and bit error rate.


title:
Search for Gravitational Waves Associated with Gamma-Ray Bursts During
  the First Advanced LIGO Observing Run and Implications for the Origin of GRB
  150906B

abstract:
  We present the results of the search for gravitational waves (GWs) associated
with $\gamma$-ray bursts detected during the first observing run of the
Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). We find no
evidence of a GW signal for any of the 41 $\gamma$-ray bursts for which LIGO
data are available with sufficient duration. For all $\gamma$-ray bursts, we
place lower bounds on the distance to the source using the optimistic
assumption that GWs with an energy of $10^{-2}M_\odot c^2$ were emitted within
the $16$-$500\,$Hz band, and we find a median 90% confidence limit of 71$\,$Mpc
at 150$\,$Hz. For the subset of 19 short/hard $\gamma$-ray bursts, we place
lower bounds on distance with a median 90% confidence limit of 90$\,$Mpc for
binary neutron star (BNS) coalescences, and 150 and 139$\,$Mpc for neutron
star-black hole coalescences with spins aligned to the orbital angular momentum
and in a generic configuration, respectively. These are the highest distance
limits ever achieved by GW searches. We also discuss in detail the results of
the search for GWs associated with GRB 150906B, an event that was localized by
the InterPlanetary Network near the local galaxy NGC 3313, which is at a
luminosity distance of 54$\,$Mpc ($z=0.0124$). Assuming the $\gamma$-ray
emission is beamed with a jet half-opening angle $\leq 30^{\circ}$, we exclude
a BNS and a neutron star-black hole in NGC 3313 as the progenitor of this event
with confidence $>99$%. Further, we exclude such progenitors up to a distance
of 102$\,$Mpc and 170$\,$Mpc, respectively.


title:
Cubic anisotropy created by defects of "random local anisotropy" type,
  and phase diagram of the O(n) model

abstract:
  The expression for the cubic-type-anisotropy constant created by defects of
"random local anisotropy" type is derived. It is shown that the Imry-Ma theorem
stating that in space dimensions d<4 the introduction of an arbitrarily small
concentration of defects of the "random local anisotropy" type in a system with
continuous symmetry of the n-component vector order parameter (O(n) model)
leads to the long-range order collapse and to occurrence of a disordered state,
is not true if an anisotropic distribution of the defect-induced random easy
axes directions in the order parameter space creates a global effective
anisotropy of the "easy axis" type. For a weakly anisotropic distribution of
the easy axes, in space dimensions 2<d<4 there exists some critical defect
concentration, when exceeded, the inhomogeneous Imry-Ma state can exist as an
equilibrium one. At lower defect concentration the long-range order takes place
in the system. For a strongly anisotropic distribution of the easy axes, the
Imry-Ma state is suppressed completely and the long-range order state takes
place at any defect concentration.


title: Structure of $^{14}$C and $^{14}$O nuclei within a five-cluster model

abstract:
  Within a five-particle model (three $\alpha$-particles plus two nucleons),
the structure functions of mirror nuclei $^{14}$C and $^{14}$O are studied.
Using the variational approach with Gaussian bases, the energies and wave
functions are calculated for these five-particle systems. Two spatial
configurations in the ground-state wave function are revealed. The r.m.s.
charge radius of $^{14}$O nucleus is found to be $2.415\pm0.005$ fm. The charge
density distributions and the form factors of both nuclei are predicted. The
pair correlation functions are analyzed, and the r.m.s. relative distances are
calculated. The momentum distributions of particles are found.


title: Optimum gain for plasmonic distributed feedback lasers

abstract:
  Although nanolasers typically have low Q-factors and high lasing thresholds,
they have been successfully implemented with various gain media. Intuitively,
it seems that an increase in the gain coefficient would improve the
characteristics of nanolasers. For a plasmonic nanolaser, in particular, a
distributed-feed-back (DFB) laser, we propose a self-consistent model that
takes into account both spontaneous emission and the multimode character of
laser generation to show that for a given pumping strength, the gain
coefficient has an optimal value at which the radiation intensity is at a
maximum and the radiation linewidth is at a minimum.


title:
The Ancient Astronomy of Easter Island: Canopus and the Legendary King
  Hotu-Matua

abstract:
  Watchings of Canopus as a herald of the winter were important duties of
ancient priests-astronomers on Easter Island. All the analysed data witness
that this star was observed during the first and second voyages from Mangareva
to the island. The names of king Hotu-Matua (Anua-Motua) and his father Tara
tahi have been decoded. Several rongorongo records from the Esteban Atan
manuscript have been deciphered advantageously. The new view at a painted
barkcloth figurine connected with the bird-man cult has been offered. Some data
about watchings of Aldebaran, the Pleiades, the sun, the moon, Venus and Mars
have been collected as well.


title:
Fast, high-precision optical polarization synthesizer for ultracold-atom
  experiments

abstract:
  We present a novel approach to precisely synthesize arbitrary polarization
states of light with a high modulation bandwidth. Our approach consists of
superimposing two laser light fields with the same wavelength, but with
opposite circular polarizations, where the phase and the amplitude of each
light field are individually controlled. We find that the
polarization-synthesized beam reaches a degree of polarization of 99.99%, which
is mainly limited by static spatial variations of the polarization state over
the beam profile. We also find that the depolarization caused by temporal
fluctuations of the polarization state is about 2 orders of magnitude smaller.
In a recent work, Robens et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 065302 (2017)]
demonstrated an application of the polarization synthesizer to create two
independently controllable optical lattices, which trap atoms depending on
their internal spin state. We here use ultracold atoms in
polarization-synthesized optical lattices to give an independent, in situ
demonstration of the performance of the polarization synthesizer.


title: Three-dimensional isolated quotient singularities in even characteristic

abstract:
  This paper is a complement to the work of the second author on modular
quotient singularities in odd characteristic (see arXiv:1210.8006). Here we
prove that if $V$ is a three-dimensional vector space over a field of
characteristic $2$ and $G<GL(V)$ is a finite subgroup generated by
pseudoreflections and possessing a $2$-dimensional invariant subspace $W$ such
that the restriction of $G$ to $W$ is isomorphic to the group
$SL_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{2^n})$, then the quotient $V/G$ is non-singular. This,
together with earlier known results on modular quotient singularities, implies
first that a theorem of Kemper and Malle on irreducible groups generated by
pseudoreflections generalizes to reducible groups in dimension three, and,
second, that the classification of three-dimensional isolated singularities
which are quotients of a vector space by a linear finite group reduces to
Vincent's classification of non-modular isolated quotient singularities.


title: Emergent Predication Structure in Hidden State Vectors of Neural Readers

abstract:
  A significant number of neural architectures for reading comprehension have
recently been developed and evaluated on large cloze-style datasets. We present
experiments supporting the emergence of "predication structure" in the hidden
state vectors of these readers. More specifically, we provide evidence that the
hidden state vectors represent atomic formulas $\Phi[c]$ where $\Phi$ is a
semantic property (predicate) and $c$ is a constant symbol entity identifier.


title: Search for rare B meson decays at the BaBar experiment

abstract:
  b to s transitions are flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) processes that
play an important role in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model
(SM). Contributions from virtual particles in the loop are predicted to deviate
observables, such as the branching fraction, from their SM expectations. Using
data from the BaBar experiment, we present the first search for the rare decay
B to K tau tau. The BABAR results on the measurement of the angular asymmetries
of B to Kstar l l, where l is an electron or muon, are also reported. In
addition, using a time-dependent analysis of B to KS0 pi pi gamma, the mixing
induced CP-asymmetry for the radiative FCNC decay, B to KS0 rho gamma, is
measured, along with an amplitude analysis of the m (K pi) and m (K pi pi)
spectrum.


title: Calculable Cosmological CP Violation and Resonant Leptogenesis

abstract:
  Within the extension of MSSM by two right handed neutrinos, which masses are
degenerate at tree level, we address the issue of leptogenesis. Investigating
the quantum corrections in details, we show that the lepton asymmetry is
induced at 1-loop level and decisive role is played by the tau lepton Yukawa
coupling. On a concrete and predictive neutrino model, which enables to predict
the CP violating $\delta $ phase and relate it to the cosmological CP
asymmetry, we demonstrate that the needed amount of the baryon asymmetry is
generated via the resonant leptogenesis.


title: Comparison of linear modes in kinetic plasma models

abstract:
  We compare, in an extensive and systematic way, linear theory results
obtained with the hybrid (ion-kinetic and electron-fluid), the gyrokinetic and
the fully-kinetic plasma models. We present a test case with parameters that
are relevant for solar wind turbulence at small scales, which is a topic now
recognized to need a kinetic treatment, to a certain extent. We comment on the
comparison of low-frequency single modes (Alfv\'{e}n/ion-cyclotron,
ion-acoustic, and fast modes) for a wide range of propagation angles, and on
the overall spectral properties of the linear operators, for
quasi-perpendicular propagation. The methodology and the results presented in
this paper will be valuable when choosing which model should be used in regimes
where the assumptions of each model are not trivially satisfied.


title:
An explicit formula for the polynomial entanglement measures of degree 2
  of even-N qubits mixed states

abstract:
  Characterization of the multipartite mixed state entanglement is still a
challenging problem. Since due to the fact that the entanglement for the mixed
states, in general, is defined by a convex-roof extension. That is the
entanglement measure of a mixed state \r{ho} of a quantum system can be defined
as the minimum average entanglement of an ensemble of pure states. In this
Letter, we give an explicit formula for the polynomial entanglement measures of
degree 2 of even-N qubits mixed states that is similar to Wooters formula in
[1]. Then we discuss our findings in the framework of X density matrices and
show that our formula for this type of density matrices is in the full
agreement with the genuine multipartite (GM) entanglement of these states.


title:
Tests of Quantum Gravity-Induced Non-Locality via Opto-mechanical
  Experiments

abstract:
  The nonrelativistic limit of nonlocal modifications to the Klein Gordon
operator is studied, and the experimental possibilities of casting stringent
constraints on the nonlocality scale via planned and/or current optomechanical
experiments are discussed. Details of the perturbative analysis and
semianalitical simulations leading to the dynamical evolution of a quantum
harmonic oscillator in the presence of non locality reported in [1], together
with a comprehensive account of the experimental methodology with particular
regard to sensitivity limitations related to thermal decoherence time and
active cooling of the oscillator, are given. Finally, a strategy for detecting
non-locality scales of the order of $10^{- 22} \div 10^{- 26}$ m by means of
the spontaneous time periodic squeezing of quantum coherent states is provided.


title:
Toward a muon-specific electronic structure theory: Effective electronic
  Hartree-Fock equations for the muonic molecules

abstract:
  An effective set of the Hartree-Fock (HF) equations are derived for electrons
of the muonic systems, i.e., molecules containing a positively charged muon,
conceiving the muon as a quantum oscillator, which are completely equivalent to
the usual two-component HF equations used to derive stationary states of the
muonic molecules. In these effective equations, a non-Coulombic potential is
added to the orthodox coulomb and exchange potential energy terms, which
describes the interaction of the muon and the electrons effectively and is
optimized during the self-consistent field cycles. While in the two-component
HF equations muon is treated as a quantum wave, in the effective HF equations
it is absorbed into the effective potential and practically transformed into an
effective potential field experienced by electrons. The explicit form of the
effective potential depends on the nature of muon vibrations and is derivable
from the basis set used to expand the muonic spatial orbital. The resulting
effective Hartree-Fock equations are implemented computationally and used
successfully, as a proof of concept, in a series of the muonic molecules
containing all atoms from the second and third rows of the Periodic Table. To
solve the algebraic version of the equations muon-specific gaussian basis sets
are designed for both muon and surrounding electrons and it is demonstrated
that the optimized exponents are quite distinct from those derived for the
hydrogen isotopes. The developed effective HF theory is quite general and in
principle can be used for any muonic system while it is the starting point for
a general effective electronic structure theory that incorporates various types
of quantum correlations into the muonic systems beyond the HF equations.

categories: physics.atm-clus cond-mat.other physics.atom-ph physics.chem-ph


title:
Bose-Einstein-condensed scalar field dark matter and the gravitational
  wave background from inflation: new cosmological constraints and its
  detectability by LIGO

abstract:
  We consider an alternative cold dark matter candidate, ultralight bosons
($m>10^{-22}$eV) described by a complex scalar field (SFDM) with global U(1)
symmetry, with comoving particle number density conserved after particle
production during standard reheating. We allow for repulsive self-interaction.
In a Lambda-SFDM universe, SFDM starts relativistic, evolving from stiff (w=1)
to radiation-like (w=1/3), becoming nonrelativistic (w=0) at late times. Thus,
a stiff-SFDM-dominated era precedes the familiar radiation-dominated era. SFDM
particle mass $m$ and quartic self-interaction strength \lambda, are therefore
constrained by cosmological observables, N_{eff}, the effective number of
neutrino species during BBN, and z_{eq}, the matter-radiation equality
redshift. Since the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) from
inflation is amplified during the stiff-SFDM-dominated era, it can also
contribute a radiationlike component large enough to affect these observables.
Remarkably, this amplification makes this SGWB detectable by current GW
experiments, e.g., aLIGO/Virgo and LISA, for Lambda-SFDM models satisfying
cosmological constraints, for a range of reheat temperatures T_{re} and
currently allowed values of tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. For given r and
$\lambda/(mc^2)^2$, the marginally-allowed Lambda-SFDM model for each T_{re}
has the smallest m that satisfies cosmological constraints. For example, for
marginally-allowed models with r=0.01 and
$\lambda/(mc^2)^2=10^{-18}$eV$^{-1}$cm$^3$, null detection by the aLIGO O1 run
excludes 8.75*10^3<T_{re} (GeV)<1.7*10^5 at 95% confidence, demonstrating that
GW experiments already place a new kind of cosmological constraint on SFDM. A
wider parameter range should be accessible to aLIGO/Virgo O5, with potential to
detect this signature of Lambda-SFDM. For this same illustrative family,
3-sigma detection is predicted for 600<T_{re} (GeV)<10^7.


title:
Explicitly Linking Regional Activation and Function Connectivity:
  Community Structure of Weighted Networks with Continuous Annotation

abstract:
  A major challenge in neuroimaging is understanding the mapping of
neurophysiological dynamics onto cognitive functions. Traditionally, these maps
have been constructed by examining changes in the activity magnitude of regions
related to task performance. Recently, network neuroscience has produced
methods to map connectivity patterns among many regions to certain cognitive
functions by drawing on tools from network science and graph theory. However,
these two different views are rarely addressed simultaneously, largely because
few tools exist that account for patterns between nodes while simultaneously
considering activation of nodes. We address this gap by solving the problem of
community detection on weighted networks with continuous (non-integer)
annotations by deriving a generative probabilistic model. This model generates
communities whose members connect densely to nodes within their own community,
and whose members share similar annotation values. We demonstrate the utility
of the model in the context of neuroimaging data gathered during a motor
learning paradigm, where edges are task-based functional connectivity and
annotations to each node are beta weights from a general linear model that
encoded a linear decrease in blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal with practice.
Interestingly, we observe that individuals who learn at a faster rate exhibit
the greatest dissimilarity between functional connectivity and activation
magnitudes, suggesting that activation and functional connectivity are distinct
dimensions of neurophysiology that track behavioral change. More generally, the
tool that we develop offers an explicit, mathematically principled link between
functional activation and functional connectivity, and can readily be applied
to a other similar problems in which one set of imaging data offers network
data, and a second offers a regional attribute.


title: Study of n-n correlations in d + 2H --> p + p + n + n reaction

abstract:
  A kinematically complete measurement of the four-body breakup reaction
d+2H-->2ps+2ns --> p +p +n +n has been performed at 15 MeV deuteron beam of the
SINP MSU. The two protons and neutron were detected at angles close to those of
emission of 2ps and 2ns systems. The energy of singlet dineutron state was
determined by comparing experimental TOF spectrum of breakup neutrons with
simulated spectra depending on this energy. A low value Enn = 0.076 +/- 0.006
keV obtained by fitting procedure apparently indicates an effective enhancement
of nn-interaction in the intermediate state of studied reaction.


title:
Dynamical Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking and Photo-Induced Chiral Spin
  Liquids in Frustrated Mott Insulators

abstract:
  The search for quantum spin liquids in frustrated quantum magnets recently
has enjoyed a surge of interest, with various candidate materials under intense
scrutiny. However, an experimental confirmation of a gapped topological spin
liquid remains an open question. Here, we show that circularly-polarized light
can provide a novel knob to drive frustrated Mott insulators into a chiral spin
liquid (CSL), realizing an elusive quantum spin liquid with topological order.
We find that the dynamics of a driven Kagome Mott insulator is well-captured by
an effective Floquet spin model, with heating strongly suppressed, inducing a
scalar spin chirality $S_i \cdot (S_j \times S_k)$ term which dynamically
breaks time-reversal while preserving SU(2) spin symmetry. We fingerprint the
transient phase diagram and find a stable photo-induced CSL near the
equilibrium state. The results presented suggest employing dynamical symmetry
breaking to engineer quantum spin liquids and access elusive phase transitions
that are not readily accessible in equilibrium.


title: Normaliz 2013-2016

abstract:
  In this article we describe mathematically relevant extensions to Normaliz
that were added to it during the support by the DFG SPP "Algorithmische und
Experimentelle Methoden in Algebra, Geometrie und Zahlentheorie": nonpointed
cones, rational polyhedra, homogeneous systems of parameters, bottom
decomposition, class groups and systems of module generators of integral
closures.


title:
An effective description of dark matter and dark energy in the mildly
  non-linear regime

abstract:
  In the next few years, we are going to probe the low-redshift universe with
unprecedented accuracy. Among the various fruits that this will bear, it will
greatly improve our knowledge of the dynamics of dark energy, though for this
there is a strong theoretical preference for a cosmological constant. We assume
that dark energy is described by the so-called Effective Field Theory of Dark
Energy, which assumes that dark energy is the Goldstone boson of time
translations. Such a formalism makes it easy to ensure that our signatures are
consistent with well-established principles of physics. Since most of the
information resides at high wavenumbers, it is important to be able to make
predictions at the highest wavenumber that is possible. The Effective Field
Theory of Large-Scale Structure (EFTofLSS) is a theoretical framework that has
allowed us to make accurate predictions in the mildly non-linear regime. In
this paper, we derive the non-linear equations that extend the EFTofLSS to
include the effect of dark energy both on the matter fields and on the biased
tracers. For the specific case of clustering quintessence, we then
perturbatively solve to cubic order the resulting non-linear equations and
construct the one-loop power spectrum of the total density contrast.


title: Quality of Spatial Entanglement Propagation

abstract:
  We explore, both experimentally and theoretically, the propagation dynamics
of spatially entangled photon pairs (biphotons). Characterization of
entanglement is done via the Schmidt number, which is a universal measurement
of the degree of entanglement directly related to the non-separability of the
state into its subsystems. We develop expressions for the terms of the Schmidt
number that depend on the amplitude and phase of the commonly used
double-Gaussian approximation for the biphoton wave function, and demonstrate
migration of entanglement between amplitude and phase upon propagation. We then
extend this analysis to incorporate both phase curvature in the pump beam and
higher spatial frequency content of more realistic non-Gaussian wave functions.
Specifically, we generalize the classical beam quality parameter M2 to the
biphotons, allowing the description of more information-rich beams and more
complex dynamics. Agreement is found with experimental measurements using
direct imaging and Fourier optics.


title:
Non-Abelian SU(N-1)-singlet fractional quantum Hall states from coupled
  wires

abstract:
  The construction of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states from the
two-dimensional array of quantum wires provides a useful way to control strong
interactions in microscopic models and has been successfully applied to the
Laughlin, Moore-Read, and Read-Rezayi states. We extend this construction to
the Abelian and non-Abelian $SU(N-1)$-singlet FQH states at filling fraction
$\nu=k(N-1)/[N+k(N-1)m]$ labeled by integers $k$ and $m$, which are potentially
realized in multi-component quantum Hall systems or $SU(N)$ spin systems.
Utilizing the bosonization approach and conformal field theory (CFT), we show
that their bulk quasiparticles and gapless edge excitations are both described
by an $(N-1)$-component free-boson CFT and the $SU(N)_k/[U(1)]^{N-1}$ CFT known
as the Gepner parafermion. Their generalization to different filling fractions
is also proposed. In addition, we argue possible applications of these results
to two kinds of lattice systems: bosons interacting via occupation-dependent
correlated hoppings and an $SU(N)$ Heisenberg model.


title: A Borel-Weil Theorem for the Quantum Grassmannians

abstract:
  We establish a noncommutative generalisation of the Borel-Weil theorem for
the Heckenberger-Kolb calculi of the quantum Grassmannians. The result is
formulated in the framework of quantum principal bundles and noncommutative
complex structures, and generalises previous work of a number of authors on
quantum projective space. As a direct consequence we get a novel noncommutative
differential geometric presentation of the twisted Grassmannian coordinate ring
studied in noncommutative projective geometry. A number of applications to the
noncommutative K\"ahler geometry of the quantum Grassmannians are also given.


title: Phonoritonic crystals with synthetic magnetic field for acoustic diode

abstract:
  We develop a rigorous theoretical framework to describe light-sound
interaction in the laser-pumped periodic multiple-quantum-well structure
accounting for the hybrid phonon-polariton excitations, termed as phonoritons.
We show that phonoritons exhibit the pumping-induced synthetic magnetic field
in the artificial "coordinate-energy" space, that makes transmission of left-
and right- going waves different. The transmission nonreciprocity allows to use
such phonoritonic crystals with realistic parameters as optically controlled
nanoscale acoustic diodes.


title:
Sparse Representation in Fourier and Local Bases Using ProSparse: A
  Probabilistic Analysis

abstract:
  Finding the sparse representation of a signal in an overcomplete dictionary
has attracted a lot of attention over the past years. This paper studies
ProSparse, a new polynomial complexity algorithm that solves the sparse
representation problem when the underlying dictionary is the union of a
Vandermonde matrix and a banded matrix. Unlike our previous work which
establishes deterministic (worst-case) sparsity bounds for ProSparse to
succeed, this paper presents a probabilistic average-case analysis of the
algorithm. Based on a generating-function approach, closed-form expressions for
the exact success probabilities of ProSparse are given. The success
probabilities are also analyzed in the high-dimensional regime. This asymptotic
analysis characterizes a sharp phase transition phenomenon regarding the
performance of the algorithm.


title:
Understanding different efficiency droop behaviors in InGaN-based
  near-UV, blue and green light-emitting diodes through differential carrier
  lifetime measurements

abstract:
  Efficiency droop effect under high injection in GaN-based light emitting
diodes (LEDs) strongly depends on wavelength, which is still not well
understood. In this paper, through differential carrier lifetime measurements
on commercialized near-UV, blue, and green LEDs, their different efficiency
droop behaviors are attributed to different carrier lifetimes, which are
prolonged as wavelength increases. This relationship between carrier lifetime
and indium composition of InGaN quantum well is believed owing to the
polarization-induced quantum confinement Stark effect. Long carrier lifetime
not only increases the probability of carrier leakage, but also results in high
carrier concentration in quantum well. In other words, under the same current
density, the carrier concentration in active region in near-UV LED is the
lowest while that in green one is the highest. If considering the efficiency
droop depending on carrier concentration, the behaviors of LEDs with different
wavelengths do not show any abnormality. The reason why the efficiency droop
becomes more serious under lower temperature can be also explained by this
model as well. Based on this result, the possible solutions to conquer
efficiency droop are discussed. It seems that decreasing the carrier lifetime
is a fundamental approach to solve the problem.


title:
High-Tc superconductivity in FeSe at high pressure: Dominant hole
  carriers and enhanced spin fluctuations

abstract:
  The importance of electron-hole interband interactions is widely acknowledged
for iron-pnictide superconductors with high transition temperatures (Tc).
However, high-Tc superconductivity without hole carriers has been suggested in
FeSe single-layer films and intercalated iron-selenides, raising a fundamental
question whether iron pnictides and chalcogenides have different pairing
mechanisms. Here, we study the properties of electronic structure in the
high-Tc phase induced by pressure in bulk FeSe from magneto-transport
measurements and first-principles calculations. With increasing pressure, the
low-Tc superconducting phase transforms into high-Tc phase, where we find the
normal-state Hall resistivity changes sign from negative to positive,
demonstrating dominant hole carriers in striking contrast to other FeSe-derived
high-Tc systems. Moreover, the Hall coefficient is remarkably enlarged and the
magnetoresistance exhibits anomalous scaling behaviors, evidencing strongly
enhanced interband spin fluctuations in the high-Tc phase. These results in
FeSe highlight similarities with high-Tc phases of iron pnictides, constituting
a step toward a unified understanding of iron-based superconductivity.


title: A Unified Hidden-Sector-Electroweak Model, Paraphotons and the X-Boson

abstract:
  Our contribution sets out to investigate the phenomenology of a gauge model
based on an $SU_{L}(2) \times U_{R}(1)_{J} \times U(1)_{K}$-symmetry group. The
model can accommodate in its distinct phases - by virtue of different
symmetry-breaking patterns - a candidate to a heavy $Z'$-boson at the TeV-scale
and the recently discussed $17 \, \mbox{MeV}$ X-boson that may bring about a
new physics at the $\mbox{MeV}$-scale. Furthermore, the para-photon of the dark
matter sector and the candidate to the so-called dark photon can also be
described in the scenario we are endeavoring to set up in this paper. In the
$Z'$-scenario, the extended Higgs sector introduces a heavy scalar whose mass
lies in the region $1.2-3.7 \, \mbox{TeV}$, while that the lower energy scale
scenario presents a light scalar with mass in the interval $1.9-19 \,
\mbox{GeV}$. The fermionic sector includes an exotic candidate to dark matter
that mixes with the right-neutrino component in the Higgs sector, so that the
whole field content yields the cancellation of the U(1)-anomaly. The masses are
fixed according to the particular way the symmetry breaking takes place. In
view of the possible symmetry breakdown patterns, we study the phenomenological
implications in both scenarios of high- and low-energy scales. As examples, we
consider the scattering of Standard Model matter into dark sector constituents
intermediated by the $Z'$-boson in the $\mbox{TeV}$-scale, and the
corresponding scattering intermediated by a lightest boson in the lower scale
physics. Furthermore, we obtain the magnetic dipole momentum (MDM) of the
exotic fermion and the transition MDM due to the mixing with the
right-neutrino.


title: Cosmology in Mirror Twin Higgs and Neutrino Masses

abstract:
  We explore a simple solution to the cosmological challenges of the original
Mirror Twin Higgs (MTH) model that leads to interesting implications for
experiment. We consider theories in which both the standard model and mirror
neutrinos acquire masses through the familiar seesaw mechanism, but with a low
right-handed neutrino mass scale of order a few GeV. In these $\nu$MTH models,
the right-handed neutrinos leave the thermal bath while still relativistic. As
the universe expands, these particles eventually become nonrelativistic, and
come to dominate the energy density of the universe before decaying. Decays to
standard model states are preferred, with the result that the visible sector is
left at a higher temperature than the twin sector. Consequently the
contribution of the twin sector to the radiation density in the early universe
is suppressed, allowing the current bounds on this scenario to be satisfied.
However, the energy density in twin radiation remains large enough to be
discovered in future cosmic microwave background experiments. In addition, the
twin neutrinos are significantly heavier than their standard model
counterparts, resulting in a sizable contribution to the overall mass density
in neutrinos that can be detected in upcoming experiments designed to probe the
large scale structure of the universe.


title: The red sequence at birth in the galaxy cluster ClJ1449+0856 at z=2

abstract:
  We use HST/WFC3 imaging to study the red population in the IR-selected, X-ray
detected, low-mass cluster Cl J1449+0856 at z=2, one of the few bona-fide
established clusters discovered at this redshift, and likely a typical
progenitor of an average massive cluster today. This study explores the
presence and significance of an early red sequence in the core of this
structure, investigating the nature of red sequence galaxies, highlighting
environmental effects on cluster galaxy populations at high redshift, and at
the same time underlining similarities and differences with other distant dense
environments. Our results suggest that the red population in the core of Cl
J1449+0856 is made of a mixture of quiescent and dusty star-forming galaxies,
with a seedling of the future red sequence already growing in the very central
cluster region, and already characterising the inner cluster core with respect
to lower density environments. On the other hand, the color-magnitude diagram
of this cluster is definitely different from that of lower-redshift (z<1)
clusters, as well as of some rare particularly evolved massive clusters at
similar redshift, and it is suggestive of a transition phase between active
star formation and passive evolution occurring in the proto-cluster and
established lower-redshift cluster regimes.


title: Cosmological Signals of a Mirror Twin Higgs

abstract:
  We investigate the cosmology of the minimal model of neutral naturalness, the
mirror Twin Higgs. The softly-broken mirror symmetry relating the Standard
Model to its twin counterpart leads to significant dark radiation in tension
with BBN and CMB observations. We quantify this tension and illustrate how it
can be mitigated in several simple scenarios that alter the relative energy
densities of the two sectors while respecting the softly-broken mirror
symmetry. In particular, we consider both the out-of-equilibrium decay of a new
scalar as well as reheating in a toy model of twinned inflation, Twinflation.
In both cases the dilution of energy density in the twin sector does not merely
reconcile the existence of a mirror Twin Higgs with cosmological constraints,
but predicts contributions to cosmological observables that may be probed in
current and future CMB experiments. This raises the prospect of discovering
evidence of neutral naturalness through cosmology rather than colliders.


title: The Topology of Double Field Theory

abstract:
  We describe the doubled space of Double Field Theory as a group manifold $G$
with an arbitrary generalized metric. Local information from the latter is not
relevant to our discussion and so $G$ only captures the topology of the doubled
space. Strong Constraint solutions are maximal isotropic submanifold $M$ in
$G$. We construct them and their Generalized Geometry in Double Field Theory on
Group Manifolds. In general, $G$ admits different physical subspace $M$ which
are Poisson-Lie T-dual to each other. By studying two examples, we reproduce
the topology changes induced by T-duality with non-trivial $H$-flux which were
discussed by Bouwknegt, Evslin and Mathai [hep-th/0306062].


title:
A Milky Way with a massive, centrally concentrated thick disc: new
  Galactic mass models for orbit computations

abstract:
  In this work, two new axisymmetric models for the Galactic mass distribution
are presented. Motivated by recent results, these two models include the
contribution of a stellar thin disc and of a thick disc, as massive as the thin
counterpart but with a shorter scale-length. Both models satisfy a number of
observational constraints: stellar densities at the solar vicinity, thin and
thick disc scale lengths and heights, rotation curve(s), and the absolute value
of the perpendicular force Kz as a function of distance to the Galactic centre.
We numerically integrate into these new models the motion of all Galactic
globular clusters for which distances, proper motions, and radial velocities
are available, and the orbits of about one thousand stars in the solar
vicinity. The retrieved orbital characteristics are compared to those obtained
by integrating the clusters and stellar orbits in pure thin disc models. We
find that, due to the possible presence of a thick disc, the computed orbital
parameters of disc stars can vary by as much as 30-40%. We also show that the
systematic uncertainties that affect the rotation curve still plague computed
orbital parameters of globular clusters by similar amounts.


title:
Can sea quark asymmetry shed light on the orbital angular momentum of
  the proton?

abstract:
  A striking prediction of several extensions of the constituent quark model,
including the unquenched quark model, the pion cloud model and the chiral quark
model, is a proportionality relationship between the quark sea asymmetry and
the orbital angular momentum of the proton. We investigate to which extent a
relationship of this kind is corroborated by the experiment, through a
systematic comparison between expectations based on models and predictions
obtained from a global analysis of hard-scattering data in perturbative Quantum
Chromodynamics. We find that the data allows the angular momentum of the proton
to be proportional to its sea asymmetry, though with a rather large range of
the optimal values of the proportionality coefficient. Typical values do not
enable us to discriminate among expectations based on different models. In
order to make our comparison conclusive, the extrapolation uncertainties on the
proportionality coefficient should be reduced, hopefully by means of accurate
measurements in the region of small proton momentum fractions, where the data
is currently lacking. Nevertheless, the unquenched quark model predicts that
quarks account for a proton spin fraction much larger than that accepted by the
conventional wisdom. We explicitly demonstrate that such a discrepancy can be
reabsorbed in the unknown extrapolation region, without affecting the
description of current data, by imposing the unquenched quark model expectation
as a boundary condition in the analysis of the data itself. We delineate how
the experimental programs at current and future facilities may shed light on
the region of small momentum fractions.


title: Non-Gaussian ground-state deformations near a black-hole singularity

abstract:
  The singularity theorem by Hawking and Penrose qualifies Schwarzschild
black-holes as geodesic incomplete space-times. Albeit this is a mathematically
rigorous statement, it requires an operational framework that allows to probe
the space-like singularity via a measurement process. Any such framework
necessarily has to be based on quantum theory. As a consequence, the notion of
classical completeness needs to be adapted to situations where the only
adequate description is in terms of quantum fields in dynamical space-times. It
is shown that Schwarzschild black-holes turn out to be complete when probed by
self-interacting quantum fields in the ground state and in excited states. The
measure for populating quantum fields on hypersurfaces in the vicinity of the
black-hole singularity goes to zero towards the singularity. This statement is
robust under non-Gaussian deformations of and excitations relative to the
ground state. The clash of completeness cultures as exemplified with black
holes is discussed.


title: A combinatorial divisibility question from noncommutative algebra

abstract:
  We present a general conjecture on the divisibility of a certain expression
in terms of Kostka numbers and their close variants. This conjecture is closely
related to a variant of the period-index problem of noncommutative algebra,
with partial implications in both directions. We present a description of the
connection between these two problems via Schubert calculus as motivation and
evidence for the conjecture before turning to a proof of the conjecture in a
family of cases.


title: Astrophysical Neutrino Production Diagnostics with the Glashow Resonance

abstract:
  We study the Glashow resonance $\bar{\nu}_e + e^- \rightarrow W^-
\rightarrow$ hadrons at 6.3 PeV as diagnostic of the production processes of
ultra-high energy neutrinos. The focus lies on describing the physics of
neutrino production from pion decay as accurate as possible by including the
kinematics of weak decays and Monte Carlo simulations of pp and p$\gamma$
interactions. We discuss optically thick (to photohadronic interactions)
sources, sources of cosmic ray nuclei and muon damped sources. Even in the
proposed upgrade IceCube-Gen2, a discrimination of scenarios such as pp versus
p$\gamma$ is extremely challenging under realistic assumptions. Nonetheless,
the Glashow resonance can serve as a smoking gun signature of neutrino
production from photohadronic (A$\gamma$) interactions of heavier nuclei, as
the expected Glashow event rate exceeds that of pp interactions. We finally
quantify the exposures for which the non-observation of Glashow events exerts
pressure on certain scenarios.


title: Covariantly Quantum Galileon

abstract:
  We derive the 1-loop effective action of the cubic Galileon coupled to
quantum-gravitational fluctuations in a background and gauge-independent
manner, employing the covariant framework of DeWitt and Vilkovisky. Although
the bare action respects shift symmetry, the coupling to gravity induces an
effective mass to the scalar, of the order of the cosmological constant, as a
direct result of the non-flat field-space metric, the latter ensuring the
field-reparametrization invariance of the formalism. Within a gauge-invariant
regularization scheme, we discover novel, gravitationally induced non-Galileon
higher-derivative interactions in the effective action. These terms, previously
unnoticed within standard, non-covariant frameworks, are not Planck suppressed.
Unless tuned to be sub-dominant, their presence could have important
implications for the classical and quantum phenomenology of the theory.


title:
Refined architecture of the WASP-8 system: a cautionary tale for
  traditional Rossiter-McLaughlin analysis

abstract:
  Probing the trajectory of a transiting planet across the disk of its star
through the analysis of its Rossiter-McLaughlin effect can be used to measure
the differential rotation of the host star and the true obliquity of the
system. Highly misaligned systems could be particularly conducive to these
mesurements, which is why we reanalysed the HARPS transit spectra of WASP-8b
using the 'Rossiter-McLaughlin effect reloaded' (reloaded RM) technique. This
approach allows us to isolate the local stellar CCF emitted by the
planet-occulted regions. As a result we identified a $\sim$35% variation in the
local CCF contrast along the transit chord, which might trace a deepening of
the stellar lines from the equator to the poles. Whatever its origin, such an
effect cannot be detected when analyzing the RV centroids of the
disk-integrated CCFs through a traditional velocimetric analysis of the RM
effect. Consequently it injected a significant bias into the results obtained
by Queloz et al. (2010) for the projected rotational velocity $v_{eq} \sin
i_{\star}$ (1.59$\stackrel{+0.08}{_{-0.09}}$ km/s) and the sky-projected
obliquity $\lambda$ (-123.0$\stackrel{+3.4}{_{-4.4}}^{\circ}$). Using our
technique, we measured these values to be $v_{eq} \sin i_{\star}$ =
1.90$\pm$0.05 km/s and $\lambda$ = -143.0$\stackrel{+1.6}{_{-1.5}}^{\circ}$. We
found no compelling evidence for differential rotation of the star, although
there are hints that WASP-8 is pointing away from us with the stellar poles
rotating about 25% slower than the equator. Measurements at higher accuracy
during ingress/egress will be required to confirm this result. In contrast to
the traditional analysis of the RM effect, the reloaded RM technique directly
extracts the local stellar CCFs, allowing us to analyze their shape and to
measure their RV centroids, unbiased by variations in their contrast or FWHM.


title:
Luminous and Variable Stars in M31 and M33. IV. Luminous Blue Variables,
  Candidate LBVs, and the B[e] Supergiants; How to Tell Them Apart

abstract:
  In this series of papers we have presented the results of a spectroscopic
survey of luminous and variable stars in the nearby spirals M31 and M33. In
this paper, we present spectroscopy of 132 additional luminous stars,
variables, and emission line objects. Most of the stars have emission line
spectra, including LBVs and candidate LBVs, Fe II emission line stars and the
B[e] supergiants, and the warm hypergiants. Many of these objects are
spectroscopically similar and are often confused with each other. With this
large spectroscopic data set including various types of emission line stars, we
examine their similarities and differences and propose the following criteria
that can be used to help distinguish these stars in future work: 1. The B[e]
supergiants have emission lines of [O I] and [Fe II] in their spectra. Most of
the spectroscopically confirmed sgB[e] stars also have warm circumstellar dust
in their SEDs. 2. Confirmed LBVs do not have the [O I] emission lines in their
spectra. Some LBVs have [Fe II] emission lines, but not all. Their SEDS shows
free-free emission in the near-infrared but no evidence for warm dust. Their
most important and defining characteristic is the S Dor-type variability. 3.
The warm hypergiants spectroscopically resemble both the LBVs in their eruption
or dense wind state and the B[e] supergiants. However, they are very dusty.
Some have [Fe II] and [O I] emission in their spectra like the sgB[e] stars,
but can be distinguished by their absorption line spectra characteristic of A
and F-type supergiants. In contrast, the B[e] supergiant spectra have strong
continua and few if any apparent absorption lines.


title: Quantized Electric Multipole Insulators

abstract:
  In this article we extend the celebrated Berry-phase formulation of electric
polarization in crystals to higher electric multipole moments. We determine the
necessary conditions under which, and minimal models in which, the quadrupole
and octupole moments are topologically quantized electromagnetic observables.
Such systems exhibit gapped boundaries that are themselves lower-dimensional
topological phases. Furthermore, they manifest topologically protected corner
states carrying fractional charge, i.e., fractionalization at the boundary of
the boundary. To characterize these new insulating phases of matter, we
introduce a new paradigm whereby `nested' Wilson loops give rise to a large
number of new topological invariants that have been previously overlooked. We
propose three realistic experimental implementations of this new topological
behavior that can be immediately tested.


title: Direct Three-body Triple-$\alpha$ in Helium Novae

abstract:
  In AM CVn binaries, a white dwarf primary accretes material from a
helium-rich white dwarf or stellar companion. The unstable ignition of nuclear
burning via the $3\alpha$ reaction in an accumulated helium layer powers a
thermonuclear runaway near accretion rates $\dot{M} \lesssim 10^{-6} \,
\mathrm{M_{\odot} \ yr^{-1}}$ that may be observed as helium nova or .Ia
supernova. Helium burning in the primary's envelope at temperatures $T \lesssim
10^{8} \, \mathrm{K}$ may proceed via the direct three-body fusion of
$\alpha$-particles. Here we show that the direct three-body rate by Nguyen et
al. (2012) -- which is reduced relative to the extrapolated resonant rate at
temperatures $T \gtrsim 5 \times 10^{7} \, \mathrm{K}$ -- results in novae with
longer recurrence times and larger ignition masses. By contrast, we find that
the enhancement in the direct three-body rate at temperatures below $T \lesssim
5 \times 10^{7} \, \mathrm{K}$ does not result in significant differences in
nova outburst properties. The most massive envelopes in our models are near the
density threshold for detonation of the helium layer, where an increase in the
density at ignition due to the $3\alpha$ rate may be important.


title:
The effects of stochasticity at the single-cell level and cell size
  control on the population growth

abstract:
  Establishing a quantitative connection between the population growth rate and
the generation times of single cells is a prerequisite for understanding
evolutionary dynamics of microbes. However, existing theories fail to account
for the experimentally observed correlations between mother-daughter generation
times that are unavoidable when cell size is controlled for - which is
essentially always the case. Here, we study population-level growth in the
presence of cell size control and corroborate our theory using experimental
measurements of single-cell growth rates. We derive a closed formula for the
population growth rate and demonstrate that it only depends on the single-cell
growth rate variability, not other sources of stochasticity. Our work provides
an evolutionary rationale for the narrow growth rate distributions often
observed in nature: when single-cell growth rates are less variable but have a
fixed mean, the population will exhibit an enhanced population growth rate, as
long as the correlations between the mother and daughter cells' growth rates
are not too strong.

categories: q-bio.PE cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech physics.bio-ph


title:
On the origin of the Schechter-like mass function of young star clusters
  in disk galaxies

abstract:
  The mass function of freshly formed star clusters is empirically often
described as a power law. However the cluster mass function of populations of
young clusters over the scale of a galaxy has been found to be described by a
Schechter-function. Here we address this apparent discrepancy. We assume that
in an annulus of an isolated self- regulated radially-exponential
axially-symmetric disk galaxy, the local mass function of very young (embedded)
clusters is a power law with an upper mass limit which depends on the local
star formation rate density. Radial integration of this mass function yields a
galaxy-wide embedded cluster mass function. This integrated embedded cluster
mass function has a Schechter-type form, which results from the addition of
many low mass clusters forming at all galactocentric distances and rarer
massive clusters only forming close to the center of the galaxy.


title:
Subhalo Demographics in the Illustris Simulation: Effects of Baryons and
  Halo-to-Halo Variation

abstract:
  We study the abundance of subhaloes in the hydrodynamical cosmological
simulation Illustris, which includes both baryons and dark matter in a
$\Lambda$CDM volume 106.5 Mpc a side. We compare Illustris to its dark
matter-only (DMO) analogue, Illustris-Dark, and quantify the effects of
baryonic processes on the demographics of subhaloes in the host mass range
$10^{11}$ to $3 \times 10^{14} \msun$. We focus on both the evolved ($z=0$)
subhalo cumulative mass functions (SHMF) and the statistics of subhaloes ever
accreted, i.e. infall subhalo mass function. We quantify the variance in
subhalo abundance at fixed host mass and investigate the physical reasons
responsible for such scatter. We find that in Illustris, baryonic physics
impacts both the infall and $z=0$ subhalo abundance by tilting the DMO function
and suppressing the abundance of low-mass subhaloes. The breaking of
self-similarity in the subhalo abundance at $z=0$ is enhanced by the inclusion
of baryonic physics. The non-monotonic alteration of the evolved subhalo
abundances can be explained by the modification of the concentration--mass
relation of Illustris hosts compared to Illustris-Dark.Interestingly, the
baryonic implementation in Illustris does not lead to an increase in the
halo-to-halo variation compared to Illustris-Dark. In both cases, the
normalized intrinsic scatter today is larger for Milky Way-like haloes than for
cluster-sized objects. For Milky Way-like haloes, it increases from about eight
per cent at infall to about 25 per cent at the current epoch. In both runs,
haloes of fixed mass formed later host more subhaloes than early formers.


title: Optimization under Decision-Dependent Uncertainty

abstract:
  The efficacy of robust optimization spans a variety of settings with
uncertainties bounded in predetermined sets. In many applications,
uncertainties are affected by decisions and cannot be modeled with current
frameworks. This paper takes a step towards generalizing robust linear
optimization to problems with decision-dependent uncertainties. In general
settings, we show these problems to be NP-complete. To alleviate the
computational inefficiencies, we introduce a class of uncertainty sets whose
size depends on binary decisions. We propose reformulations that improve upon
alternative standard linearization techniques. To illustrate the advantages of
this framework, a shortest path problem is discussed, where the uncertain arc
lengths are affected by decisions. Beyond the modeling and performance
advantages, the proposed notion of proactive uncertainty control also mitigates
over conservatism of current robust optimization approaches.


title:
Eigenvalue Outliers of non-Hermitian Random Matrices with a Local Tree
  Structure

abstract:
  Spectra of sparse non-Hermitian random matrices determine the dynamics of
complex processes on graphs. Eigenvalue outliers in the spectrum are of
particular interest, since they determine the stationary state and the
stability of dynamical processes. We present a general and exact theory for the
eigenvalue outliers of random matrices with a local tree structure. For
adjacency and Laplacian matrices of oriented random graphs, we derive
analytical expressions for the eigenvalue outliers, the first moments of the
distribution of eigenvector elements associated with an outlier, the support of
the spectral density, and the spectral gap. We show that these spectral
observables obey universal expressions, which hold for a broad class of
oriented random matrices.

categories: cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.dis-nn math-ph math.MP nlin.CD


title: Optimal Unbiased Estimation for Maximal Distribution

abstract:
  Unbiased estimation for parameters of maximal distribution is a very
fundamental problem in the statistical theory of sublinear expectation. In this
paper, we proved that the maximum estimator is the largest unbiased estimator
for the upper mean and the minimum estimator is the smallest unbiased estimator
the the lower mean.


title: Factoring using 2n+2 qubits with Toffoli based modular multiplication

abstract:
  We describe an implementation of Shor's quantum algorithm to factor n-bit
integers using only 2n+2 qubits. In contrast to previous space-optimized
implementations, ours features a purely Toffoli based modular multiplication
circuit. The circuit depth and the overall gate count are in O(n^3) and O(n^3
log(n)), respectively. We thus achieve the same space and time costs as
Takahashi et al., while using a purely classical modular multiplication
circuit. As a consequence, our approach evades most of the cost overheads
originating from rotation synthesis and enables testing and localization of
faults in both, the logical level circuit and an actual quantum hardware
implementation. Our new (in-place) constant-adder, which is used to construct
the modular multiplication circuit, uses only dirty ancilla qubits and features
a circuit size and depth in O(n log(n)) and O(n), respectively.


title:
Hiding in Plain Sight - Recovering Clusters of Galaxies with the
  Strongest AGN in Their Cores

abstract:
  A key challenge in understanding the feedback mechanism of AGN in Brightest
Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) is the inherent rarity of catching an AGN during its
strong outburst phase. This is exacerbated by the ambiguity of differentiating
between AGN and clusters in X-ray observations. If there is evidence for an AGN
then the X-ray emission is commonly assumed to be dominated by the AGN
emission, introducing a selection effect against the detection of AGN in BCGs.
In order to recover these 'missing' clusters, we systematically investigate the
colour-magnitude relation around some ~3500 ROSAT All Sky Survey selected AGN,
looking for signs of a cluster red sequence. Amongst our 22 candidate systems,
we independently rediscover several confirmed systems, where a strong AGN
resides in a central galaxy. We compare the X-ray luminosity to red sequence
richness distribution of our AGN candidate systems with that of a similarly
selected comparison sample of ~1000 confirmed clusters and identify seven
'best' candidates (all of which are BL Lac objects), where the X-ray flux is
likely to be a comparable mix between cluster and AGN emission. We confirm that
the colours of the red sequence are consistent with the redshift of the AGN,
that the colours of the AGN host galaxy are consistent with AGN, and, by
comparing their luminosities with those from our comparison clusters, confirm
that the AGN hosts are consistent with BCGs.


title:
Electron interactions, spin-orbit coupling, intersite correlations in
  pyrochlore iridates

abstract:
  We perform combined density functional and dynamical mean-field calculations
to study the pyrochlore iridates Lu$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$, Y$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$ and
Eu$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$. Both single-site and cluster dynamical mean-field
calculations are performed and spin-orbit coupling is included. Paramagnetic
metallic phases, antiferromagnetic metallic phases with tilted Weyl cones and
antiferromagnetic insulating phases are found. The magnetic phases display
all-in/all-out magnetic ordering, consistent with previous studies. Unusually
for electronically three dimensional materials, the single-site dynamical
mean-field approximation fails to reproduce qualitative material trends,
predicting in particular that the paramagnetic phase properties of
Y$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$ and Eu$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$ are almost identical, although in
experiments the Y compound has a much higher resistance than the Eu compound.
This qualitative failure is attributed to the importance of intersite magnetic
correlations in the physics of these materials.


title:
Renormalization Group Flow, Stability, and Bulk Viscosity in a Large N
  Thermal QCD Model

abstract:
  The ultraviolet completion of a large N QCD model requires introducing new
degrees of freedom at certain scale so that the UV behavior may become
asymptotically conformal with no Landau poles and no UV divergences of Wilson
loops. These UV degrees of freedom are represented by certain anti-branes
arranged on the blown-up sphere of a warped resolved conifold in a way that
they are separated from the other set of branes that control the IR behavior of
the theory. This separation of the branes and the anti-branes creates
instability in the theory. Further complications arise from the curvature of
the ambient space. We show that, despite these analytical hurdles, stability
may still be achieved by switching on appropriate world-volume fluxes on the
branes. The UV degrees of freedom, on the other hand, modify the RG flow in the
model. We discuss this in details by evaluating the flow from IR confining to
UV conformal. Finally we lay down a calculational scheme to study bulk
viscosity which, in turn, would signal the inherent non-conformality in this
model.


title:
Low-dimensional spike rate models derived from networks of adaptive
  integrate-and-fire neurons: Comparison and implementation

abstract:
  The spiking activity of single neurons can be well described by a nonlinear
integrate-and-fire model that includes somatic adaptation. When exposed to
fluctuating inputs sparsely coupled populations of these model neurons exhibit
stochastic collective dynamics that can be effectively characterized using the
Fokker-Planck equation. [...] Here we derive from that description four simple
models for the spike rate dynamics in terms of low-dimensional ordinary
differential equations using two different reduction techniques: one uses the
spectral decomposition of the Fokker-Planck operator, the other is based on a
cascade of two linear filters and a nonlinearity, which are determined from the
Fokker-Planck equation and semi-analytically approximated. We evaluate the
reduced models for a wide range of biologically plausible input statistics and
find that both approximation approaches lead to spike rate models that
accurately reproduce the spiking behavior of the underlying adaptive
integrate-and-fire population. [...] The low-dimensional models also well
reproduce stable oscillatory spike rate dynamics that is generated by recurrent
synaptic excitation and neuronal adaptation. [...] We have made available
implementations that allow to numerically integrate the low-dimensional spike
rate models as well as the Fokker-Planck partial differential equation in
efficient ways for arbitrary model parametrizations as open source software.
The derived spike rate descriptions retain a direct link to the properties of
single neurons, allow for convenient mathematical analyses of network states,
and are well suited for application in neural mass/mean-field based brain
network models.


title:
Minimizing Risk of Load Shedding and Renewable Energy Curtailment in a
  Microgrid with Energy Storage

abstract:
  We consider a microgrid with random load realization, stochastic renewable
energy production, and an energy storage unit. The grid controller provides the
total net load trajectory that the microgrid should present to the main grid
and the microgrid must impose load shedding and renewable energy curtailment if
necessary to meet that net load trajectory. The microgrid controller seeks to
operate the local energy storage unit to minimize the risk of load shedding,
and renewable energy curtailment over a finite time horizon. We formulate the
problem of optimizing the operation of the storage unit as a finite stage
dynamic programming problem. We prove that the multi-stage objective function
of the energy storage is strictly convex in the state of charge of the battery
at each stage. The uniqueness of the optimal decision is proven under some
additional assumptions. The optimal strategy is then obtained. The
effectiveness of the energy storage in decreasing load shedding and RE
curtailment is illustrated in simulations.


title:
On the decategorification of Ozsv\'ath and Szab\'o's bordered theory for
  knot Floer homology

abstract:
  We relate decategorifications of Ozsv\'ath-Szab\'o's new bordered theory for
knot Floer homology to representations of $\mathcal{U}_q(\mathfrak{gl}(1|1))$.
Specifically, we consider two subalgebras $\mathcal{C}_r(n,\mathcal{S})$ and
$\mathcal{C}_l(n,\mathcal{S})$ of Ozsv\'ath- Szab\'o's algebra
$\mathcal{B}(n,\mathcal{S})$, and identify their Grothendieck groups with
tensor products of representations $V$ and $V^*$ of
$\mathcal{U}_q(\mathfrak{gl}(1|1))$, where $V$ is the vector representation. We
identify the decategorifications of Ozsv\'ath-Szab\'o's DA bimodules for
elementary tangles with corresponding maps between representations. Finally,
when the algebras are given multi-Alexander gradings, we demonstrate a
relationship between the decategorification of Ozsv\'ath-Szab\'o's theory and
Viro's quantum relative $\mathcal{A}^1$ of the Reshetikhin-Turaev functor based
on $\mathcal{U}_q(\mathfrak{gl}(1|1))$.


title: Semantic Compositional Networks for Visual Captioning

abstract:
  A Semantic Compositional Network (SCN) is developed for image captioning, in
which semantic concepts (i.e., tags) are detected from the image, and the
probability of each tag is used to compose the parameters in a long short-term
memory (LSTM) network. The SCN extends each weight matrix of the LSTM to an
ensemble of tag-dependent weight matrices. The degree to which each member of
the ensemble is used to generate an image caption is tied to the
image-dependent probability of the corresponding tag. In addition to captioning
images, we also extend the SCN to generate captions for video clips. We
qualitatively analyze semantic composition in SCNs, and quantitatively evaluate
the algorithm on three benchmark datasets: COCO, Flickr30k, and Youtube2Text.
Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly outperforms
prior state-of-the-art approaches, across multiple evaluation metrics.


title: The Breakdown of String Perturbation Theory for Many External Particles

abstract:
  We consider massless string scattering amplitudes in a limit where the number
of external particles becomes very large, while the energy of each particle
remains small. Using the growth of the volume of the relevant moduli space, and
by means of independent numerical evidence, we argue that string perturbation
theory breaks down in this limit. We discuss some remarkable implications for
the information paradox.


title:
At Ease with Your Warnings: The Principles of the Salutogenesis Model
  Applied to Automatic Static Analysis

abstract:
  The results of an automatic static analysis run can be overwhelming,
especially for beginners. The overflow of information and the resulting need
for many decisions is mentally tiring and can cause stress symptoms. There are
several models in health care which are designed to fight stress. One of these
is the salutogenesis model created by Aaron Antonovsky. In this paper, we will
present an idea on how to transfer this model into a triage and recommendation
model for static analysis tools and give an example of how this can be
implemented in FindBugs, a static analysis tool for Java.


title:
On the Relationship of Inconsistent Software Clones and Faults: An
  Empirical Study

abstract:
  Background: Code cloning - copying and reusing pieces of source code - is a
common phenomenon in software development in practice. There have been several
empirical studies on the effects of cloning, but there are contradictory
results regarding the connection of cloning and faults. Objective: Our aim is
to clarify the relationship between code clones and faults. In particular, we
focus on inconsistent (or type-3) clones in this work. Method: We conducted a
case study with TWT GmbH where we detected the code clones in three Java
systems, set them into relation to information from issue tracking and version
control and interviewed three key developers. Results: Of the type-3 clones, 17
% contain faults. Developers modified most of the type-3 clones simultaneously
and thereby fixed half of the faults in type-3 clones consistently. Type-2
clones with faults all evolved to fixed type-3 clones. Clone length is only
weakly correlated with faultiness. Conclusion: There are indications that the
developers in two cases have been aware of clones. It might be a reason for the
weak relationship between type-3 clones and faults. Hence, it seems important
to keep developers aware of clones, potentially with new tool support. Future
studies need to investigate if the rate of faults in type-3 clones justifies
using them as cues in defect detection.


title: Pricing Energy in the Presence of Renewables

abstract:
  At present, electricity markets largely ignore the fact that renewable power
producers impose significant externalities on non-renewable energy producers.
This is because consumers are generally guaranteed electricity within certain
load parameters. The intermittent nature of production by renewable energy
producers implies that they rely on non-renewable producers so that the
aggregate power delivered meets the promised quality of service. This implicit
insurance provided by the non-renewable power sector to consumers is not
currently priced and leads to an often ignored, hidden monetary transfer from
non-renewable producers to renewable producers. As the fraction of energy
supplied by renewable resources increases, these externalities also increase.
In this paper, we quantify these externalities by developing the market
clearing price of energy in the presence of renewable energy. We consider a
day-ahead electricity market where renewable and non-renewable generators bid
by proposing their asking price per unit of energy to an independent system
operator (ISO). The ISO's problem is a multi-stage stochastic optimization
problem to dispatch energy from each generator to minimize the cost of
purchased energy on behalf of the consumers. We incorporate the notion of load
variance using the Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVAR) measure in the day-ahead
electricity market to ensure that the generators are able to meet the load
within a desired confidence level. We analytically derive the market clearing
price of energy as a function of CVAR. It is shown that a higher penetration
level of the renewable energies may increase the market clearing price of
energy.


title: Entanglement negativity bounds for fermionic Gaussian states

abstract:
  The entanglement negativity is a versatile measure of entanglement that has
numerous applications in quantum information and in condensed matter theory. It
can not only efficiently be computed in the Hilbert space dimension, but for
non-interacting bosonic systems, one can compute the negativity efficiently in
the number of modes. However, such an efficient computation does not carry over
to the fermionic realm, the ultimate reason for this being that the partial
transpose of a fermionic Gaussian state is no longer Gaussian. To provide a
remedy for this state of affairs, in this work we introduce efficiently
computable and rigorous upper and lower bounds to the negativity, making use of
techniques of semi-definite programming, building upon the Lagrangian
formulation of fermionic linear optics, and exploiting suitable products of
Gaussian operators. We discuss examples in quantum many-body theory and hint at
applications in the study of topological properties at finite temperature.


title:
Effective divisors in $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g,n}$ from abelian
  differentials

abstract:
  We compute many new classes of effective divisors in
$\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g,n}$ coming from the strata of abelian differentials
and efficiently reproduce many known results obtained by alternate methods. Our
method utilises maps between moduli spaces and the degeneration of abelian
differentials.


title: Worldline as a Spin Chain

abstract:
  The general theoretical ground for the models based on the compact angle
coordinates is presented. It is observed that the proper dependence on compact
coordinates has to be through the group elements and is achieved most naturally
in a discrete-time formulation of the theory. By the construction, the discrete
worldline inlaid by compact coordinates resembles the spin chains of magnetic
systems. As examples, the models based on the groups U(1), $\mathbb{Z}_N$ and
SU(2) are explicitly constructed and their exact energy spectra are obtained.
As the consequence of minima in the spectra, the models exhibit a phase
transition of first-order. The dynamics by U(1) group is attempted to be fitted
to the proposed role for monopoles in the dual Meissner effect of confinement
mechanism.


title: Exhaustion of the curve graph via rigid expansions

abstract:
  For an orientable surface $S$ of finite topological type with genus $g \geq
3$, we construct a finite set of curves whose union of iterated rigid
expansions is the curve graph of $S$. The set constructed, and the method of
rigid expansion, are closely related to Aramayona and Leiniger's finite rigid
set, and in fact a consequence of our proof is that Aramayona and Leininger's
set also exhausts the curve graph via rigid expansions.


title: Entropic destruction of a rotating heavy quarkonium

abstract:
  Using the AdS/CFT duality, we study the destruction of a rotating heavy
quarkonium due to the entropice force in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory and a
confining YM theory. It is shown that in both theories increasing the angular
velocity leads to decreasing the entropic force. This result implies that the
rotating quarkonium dissociates harder than the static case.


title:
Graphical Structures for Design and Verification of Quantum Error
  Correction

abstract:
  We introduce a high-level graphical framework for the design, analysis, and
verification of quantum error correcting codes. The coherent parity check
construction for stabilizer codes allows us to construct a broad range of
quantum codes based on classical codes, and gives a framework in which large
classes of such codes can be both analytically and numerically discovered.
Using graphical tools based on the \zx calculus, we explicitly construct small
distance 3 and 5 codes with high code rates using this framework. We also show
how this framework can be used to represent CSS codes and conversely how to
compute stabilisers for a CPC code. We give a construction turns (almost) any
pair of classical [n,k,3] codes into a [[2n - k + 2, k, 3]] CPC code, and give
a straightforward technique for machine search which yields thousands of
potential codes, and demonstrate its operation for distance 3 and 5 codes.
Finally we use the graphical tools we introduce to demonstrate how Clifford
computation can be performed within CPC codes.


title:
Classification and Models of Simply-connected Trivalent $2$-dimensional
  Stratifolds

abstract:
  Trivalent $2$-stratifolds are a generalization of $2$-manifolds in that there
are disjoint simple closed curves where three sheets meet. We obtain a
classification of $1$-connected $2$-stratifolds in terms of their associated
labeled graphs and develop operations that will construct from a single vertex
all graphs that represent $1$-connected $2$-stratifolds.


title: Carnot's theorem and Szil\'ard engine

abstract:
  In this work, the relationship between Carnot engine and Szil\'ard engine was
discussed. By defining the available information about the temperature
difference between two heat reservoirs, the Carnot engine was found to have a
same physical essence with Szil\'ard engine: lossless conversion of available
information. Thus, a generalized Carnot's theorem for wider scope of
application can be described as "all the available information is 100% coded
into work".