title:
Manipulation of the electroluminescence of organic light-emitting diodes
  via fringe fields from patterned magnetic domains

abstract:
  We predict very large changes in the room-temperature electroluminescence of
thermally-activated delayed fluorescence organic light emitting diodes near
patterned ferromagnetic films. These effects exceed the changes in a uniform
magnetic field by as much as a factor of two. We describe optimal ferromagnetic
film patterns for enhancing the electroluminescence. A full theory of the
spin-mixing processes in exciplex recombination, and how they are affected by
hyperfine fields, spin-orbit effects, and ferromagnetic fringe field effects is
introduced, and is used to describe the effect of magnetic domain structures on
the luminescence in various regimes. This provides a method of enhancing light
emission rates from exciplexes and also a means of efficiently coupling
information encoded in magnetic domains to organic light emitting diode
emission.


title:
Multilingual Modal Sense Classification using a Convolutional Neural
  Network

abstract:
  Modal sense classification (MSC) is a special WSD task that depends on the
meaning of the proposition in the modal's scope. We explore a CNN architecture
for classifying modal sense in English and German. We show that CNNs are
superior to manually designed feature-based classifiers and a standard NN
classifier. We analyze the feature maps learned by the CNN and identify known
and previously unattested linguistic features. We benchmark the CNN on a
standard WSD task, where it compares favorably to models using
sense-disambiguated target vectors.


title:
Abundance stratification in Type Ia supernovae - V. SN 1986G bridging
  the gap between normal and subluminous SNe Ia

abstract:
  A detailed spectroscopic analysis of SN 1986G has been performed. SN 1986G
`bridges the gap' between normal and sub luminous type Ia supernova (SNe Ia).
The abundance tomography technique is used to determine the abundance
distribution of the elements in the ejecta. SN 1986G was found to be a low
energy Chandrasekhar mass explosion. Its kinetic energy was 70% of the standard
W7 model (0.9x10$^{51}$erg). Oxygen dominates the ejecta from the outermost
layers down to $\sim$9000kms$^{-1}$ , intermediate mass elements (IME) dominate
from $\sim$ 9000kms$^{-1}$ to $\sim$ 3500kms$^{-1}$ with Ni and Fe dominating
the inner layers $<\sim$ 3500kms$^{-1}$. The final masses of the main elements
in the ejecta were found to be, O=0.33M, IME=0.69M, stable NSE=0.21M,
$^{56}$Ni=0.14M. An upper limit of the carbon mass is set at C=0.02M. The
spectra of SN1986G consist of almost exclusively singly ionised species.
SN1986G can be thought of as a low luminosity extension of the main population
of SN Ia, with a large deflagration phase that produced more IMEs than a
standard SN Ia.


title: Convection in a Single Column -- Modelling, Algorithm and Analysis

abstract:
  The group focused on a model problem of idealised moist air convection in a
single column of atmosphere. Height, temperature and moisture variables were
chosen to simplify the mathematical representation (along the lines of the
Boussinesq approximation in a height variable defined in terms of pressure).
This allowed exact simple solutions of the numerical and partial differential
equation problems to be found. By examining these, we identify column
behaviour, stability issues and explore the feasibility of a more general
solution process.


title: How Image Degradations Affect Deep CNN-based Face Recognition?

abstract:
  Face recognition approaches that are based on deep convolutional neural
networks (CNN) have been dominating the field. The performance improvements
they have provided in the so called in-the-wild datasets are significant,
however, their performance under image quality degradations have not been
assessed, yet. This is particularly important, since in real-world face
recognition applications, images may contain various kinds of degradations due
to motion blur, noise, compression artifacts, color distortions, and occlusion.
In this work, we have addressed this problem and analyzed the influence of
these image degradations on the performance of deep CNN-based face recognition
approaches using the standard LFW closed-set identification protocol. We have
evaluated three popular deep CNN models, namely, the AlexNet, VGG-Face, and
GoogLeNet. Results have indicated that blur, noise, and occlusion cause a
significant decrease in performance, while deep CNN models are found to be
robust to distortions, such as color distortions and change in color balance.


title:
Injectivity of the Cauchy-stress tensor along rank-one connected lines
  under strict rank-one convexity condition

abstract:
  In this note, we show that the Cauchy stress tensor $\sigma$ in nonlinear
elasticity is injective along rank-one connected lines provided that the
constitutive law is strictly rank-one convex. This means that
$\sigma(F+\xi\otimes \eta)=\sigma(F)$ implies $\xi\otimes \eta=0$ under strict
rank-one convexity.


title: A Source-level Energy Optimization Framework for Mobile Applications

abstract:
  Energy efficiency can have a significant influence on user experience of
mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Although energy is consumed by
hardware, software optimization plays an important role in saving energy, and
thus software developers have to participate in the optimization process. The
source code is the interface between the developer and hardware resources. In
this paper, we propose an energy-optimization framework guided by a source code
energy model that allows developers to be aware of energy usage induced by the
code and to apply very targeted source-level refactoring strategies. The
framework also lays a foundation for the code optimization by automatic tools.
To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first that achieves this for a
high-level language such as Java. In a case study, the experimental evaluation
shows that our approach is able to save from 6.4% to 50.2% of the CPU energy
consumption in various application scenarios.


title:
Nonexistence of time-periodic solutions of the Dirac equation in
  nonextreme Kerr-Newman-AdS spacetime

abstract:
  In non-extreme Kerr-Newman-AdS spacetime, we prove that there is no
nontrivial Dirac particle which is $L^p$ for $0<p\leq\frac{4}{3}$ with
arbitrary eigenvalue $\lambda$, and for $\frac{4}{3}<p\leq\frac{4}{3-2q}$,
$0<q<\frac{3}{2}$ with eigenvalue $|\lambda|>|Q|+q \kappa $, outside and away
from the event horizon. By taking $q=\frac{1}{2}$, we show that there is no
normalizable massive Dirac particle with mass greater than
$|Q|+\frac{\kappa}{2} $ outside and away from the event horizon in non-extreme
Kerr-Newman-AdS spacetime, and they must either disappear into the black hole
or escape to infinity, and this recovers the same result of Belgiorno and
Cacciatori in the case of $Q=0$ obtained by using spectral methods.
Furthermore, we prove that any Dirac particle with eigenvalue
$|\lambda|<\frac{\kappa}{2} $ must be $L^2$ outside and away from the event
horizon.


title: Gain spectroscopy of a type-II VECSEL chip

abstract:
  Using optical pump-white light probe spectroscopy the gain dynamics is
investigated for a VECSEL chip which is based on a type-II heterostructure. The
active region the chip consists of a GaAs/(GaIn)As/Ga(AsSb)/(GaIn)As/GaAs
multiple quantum well. For this structure, a fully microscopic theory predicts
a modal room temperature gain at a wavelength of 1170 nm, which is confirmed by
experimental spectra. The results show a gain buildup on the type-II chip which
is delayed relative to that of a type-I chip. This slower gain dynamics is
attributed to a diminished cooling rate arising from reduced electron-hole
scattering.


title:
Dynamical Configurations of Celestial Systems Comprised of Multiple
  Irregular Bodies

abstract:
  This manuscript considers the main features of the nonlinear dynamics of
multiple irregular celestial body systems. The gravitational potential, static
electric potential, and magnetic potential are considered. Based on the three
established potentials, we show that three conservative values exist for this
system, including a Jacobi integral. The equilibrium conditions for the system
are derived and their stability analyzed. The equilibrium conditions of a
celestial system comprised of n irregular bodies are reduced to 12n minus 9
equations. The dynamical results are applied to simulate the motion of
multiple-asteroid systems. The simulation is useful for the study of the
stability of multiple irregular celestial body systems and for the design of
spacecraft orbits to triple asteroid systems discovered in the solar system.
The dynamical configurations of the five triple-asteroid systems 45 Eugenia, 87
Sylvia, 93 Minerva, 216 Kleopatra, and 136617 1994CC, and the six-body system
134340 Pluto are calculated and analyzed.


title: Slicing Concurrent Constraint Programs

abstract:
  Concurrent Constraint Programming (CCP) is a declarative model for
concurrency where agents interact by telling and asking constraints (pieces of
information) in a shared store. Some previous works have developed
(approximated) declarative debuggers for CCP languages. However, the task of
debugging concurrent programs remains difficult. In this paper we define a
dynamic slicer for CCP and we show it to be a useful companion tool for the
existing debugging techniques. Our technique starts by considering a partial
computation (a trace) that shows the presence of bugs. Often, the quantity of
information in such a trace is overwhelming, and the user gets easily lost,
since she cannot focus on the sources of the bugs. Our slicer allows for
marking part of the state of the computation and assists the user to eliminate
most of the redundant information in order to highlight the errors. We show
that this technique can be tailored to timed variants of CCP. We also develop a
prototypical implementation freely available for making experiments.


title: Geometry of Spinning Ellis Wormholes

abstract:
  We give a detailed account of the properties of spinning Ellis wormholes,
supported by a phantom field. The general set of solutions depends on three
parameters, associated with the size of the throat, the rotation and the
symmetry of the solutions. For symmetric wormholes the global charges possess
the same values in both asymptotic regions, while this is no longer the case
for non-symmetric wormholes. We present mass formulae for these wormholes,
study their quadrupole moments, and discuss the geometry of their throat and
their ergoregion. We demonstrate, that these wormholes possess limiting
configurations corresponding to an extremal Kerr black hole. Moreover, we
analyze the geodesics of these wormholes, and show that they possess bound
orbits.


title:
Grid patterns, spatial inter-scan variations and scanning reading
  repeatability in radiochromic film dosimetry

abstract:
  Purpose: When comparing different scans of the same radiochromic film,
several patterns can be observed. These patterns are caused by different
sources of uncertainty, which affect the repeatability of the scanner. The
purpose of this work was to study these uncertainties.
  Methods: The variance of the scanner noise, as a function of the pixel
position, was studied for different resolutions. The inter-scan variability of
the scanner response was analyzed taking into account spatial discrepancies.
Finally, the distance between the position of the same point in different scans
was examined.
  Results: The variance of noise follows periodical patterns in both axes,
causing the grid patterns. These patterns were identified for resolutions of
50, 72 and 96 dpi, but not for 150 dpi. Specially recognizable is the
sinusoidal shape with a period of 8.5 mm that is produced with 72 dpi.
Inter-scan variations of the response caused systematic relative dose
deviations larger than 1% in 5% of the red channel images, 9% of the green and
51% of the blue. No systematic deviation larger than 1% was found after
applying response corrections. The initial positioning and the speed of the
scanner lamp vary between scans.
  Conclusions: Three new sources of uncertainty, which influence radiochromic
film dosimetry with flatbed scanners, have been identified and analyzed in this
work: grid patterns, spatial inter-scan variations and scanning reading
repeatability. A novel correction method is proposed, which mitigates spatial
inter-scan variations caused by deviations in the autocalibration of the
individual Charge Coupled Device detectors.


title:
Locally bounded global solutions to a chemotaxis consumption model with
  singular sensitivity and nonlinear diffusion

abstract:
  We show the existence of locally bounded global solutions to the chemotaxis
system \[ u_t = \nabla\cdot(D(u)\nabla u) - \nabla\cdot(\frac{u}{v} \nabla v)
\] \[ v_t = \Delta v - uv \] with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions and
suitably regular positive initial data in smooth bounded domains $\Omega
\subset \mathbb{R}^N$, $N\geq2$, for $D(u)\geq \delta u^{m-1}$ with some
$\delta>0$, provided that $m>1+\frac N4$.


title: The reheating era leptogenesis in models with seesaw mechanism

abstract:
  Observed baryon asymmetry can be achieved not only by the decay of
right-handed neutrinos but also by the scattering processes in the reheating
era. In the latter scenario, new physics in high energy scale does not need to
be specified, but only two types of the higher dimensional operator of the
standard model particles are assumed in the previous work. In this paper, we
examine the origin of the higher dimensional operators assuming models with a
certain seesaw mechanism at the high energy scale. The seesaw mechanism seems
to be a simple realization of the reheating era leptogenesis because the lepton
number violating interaction is included. We show that the effective
interaction giving CP violating phases is provided in the several types of
models and also the reheating era leptogenesis actually works in such models.
Additionally, we discuss a possibility for lowering the reheating temperature
in the radiative seesaw models, where the large Yukawa coupling is naturally
realized.


title: Spectrally resolved far-fields of terahertz quantum cascade lasers

abstract:
  We demonstrate a convenient and fast method to measure the spectrally
resolved far-fields of multimode terahertz quantum cascade lasers by combining
a microbolometer focal plane array with an FTIR spectrometer. Far-fields of
fundamental TM0 and higher lateral order TM1 modes of multimode Fabry-P\'erot
type lasers have been distinguished, which very well fit to the results
obtained by a 3D finite-element simulation. Furthermore, multimode random laser
cavities have been investigated, analyzing the contribution of each single
laser mode to the total far-field. The presented method is thus an important
tool to gain in-depth knowledge of the emission properties of multimode laser
cavities at terahertz frequencies, which become increasingly important for
future sensing applications.


title: Parameter Learning for Log-supermodular Distributions

abstract:
  We consider log-supermodular models on binary variables, which are
probabilistic models with negative log-densities which are submodular. These
models provide probabilistic interpretations of common combinatorial
optimization tasks such as image segmentation. In this paper, we focus
primarily on parameter estimation in the models from known upper-bounds on the
intractable log-partition function. We show that the bound based on separable
optimization on the base polytope of the submodular function is always inferior
to a bound based on "perturb-and-MAP" ideas. Then, to learn parameters, given
that our approximation of the log-partition function is an expectation (over
our own randomization), we use a stochastic subgradient technique to maximize a
lower-bound on the log-likelihood. This can also be extended to conditional
maximum likelihood. We illustrate our new results in a set of experiments in
binary image denoising, where we highlight the flexibility of a probabilistic
model to learn with missing data.


title: Unitary Cellular Automata and Convolution Algebras

abstract:
  The original local, discrete example of Linear Unitary Cellular Automata
(LUCA) is analyzed in terms of a new representation previously introduced in
[1] for classical CA. Several important underlying symmetries are reviewed and
their tight relationship with both signal and coding theory as well as with
combinatorics is underlined. A class of analog implementations in the form of
Linear Transmission Line Networks (LTLN) is described as possible emulators of
this type of dynamics.


title: Towards Grand Unification

abstract:
  Sidharth had shown that gravitation can be reconciled with electromagnetic
and other forces if we start from a Landau-Ginzburg phase transition. This is
further remarked upon and a unification of all forces of nature is proposed.


title: Uncertainties in the Sunspot Numbers: Estimation and Implications

abstract:
  Sunspot number series are subject to various uncertainties, which are still
poorly known. The need for their better understanding was recently highlighted
by the major makeover of the international Sunspot Number [Clette et al., Space
Science Reviews, 2014]. We present the first thorough estimation of these
uncertainties, which behave as Poisson-like random variables with a
multiplicative coefficient that is time- and observatory-dependent. We provide
a simple expression for these uncertainties, and reveal how their evolution in
time coincides with changes in the observations, and processing of the data.
Knowing their value is essential for properly building composites out of
multiple observations, and for preserving the stability of the composites in
time.


title:
The segregation of starless and protostellar clumps in the Hi-GAL
  l=224deg region

abstract:
  Stars form in dense, dusty structures, which are embedded in larger clumps of
molecular clouds often showing a clear filamentary structure on large scales (>
1pc). One of the best-studied regions in the Hi-GAL survey can be observed
toward the l=224deg field. Here, a filamentary region has been studied and it
has been found that protostellar clumps are mostly located along the main
filament, whereas starless clumps are detected off this filament and are
instead found on secondary, less prominent filaments. We want to investigate
this segregation effect and how it may affect the clumps properties. We mapped
the 12CO(1-0) line and its main three isotopologues toward the two most
prominent filaments observed toward the l=224deg field using the Mopra radio
telescope, in order to set observational constraints on the dynamics of these
structures and the associated starless and protostellar clumps. Compared to the
starless clumps, the protostellar clumps are more luminous, more turbulent and
lie in regions where the filamentary ambient gas shows larger linewidths. We
see evidence of gas flowing along the main filament, but we do not find any
signs of accretion flow from the filament onto the Hi-GAL clumps. We analyze
the radial column density profile of the filaments and their gravitational
stability. The more massive and highly fragmented main filament appears to be
thermally supercritical and gravitationally bound, assuming that all of the
non-thermal motion is contributing thermal-like support, suggesting a later
stage of evolution compared to the secondary filament. The status and
evolutionary phase of the Hi-GAL clumps would then appear to correlate with
that of the host filament.


title: Design and Implementation of Probabilistic Programming Language Anglican

abstract:
  Anglican is a probabilistic programming system designed to interoperate with
Clojure and other JVM languages. We introduce the programming language
Anglican, outline our design choices, and discuss in depth the implementation
of the Anglican language and runtime, including macro-based compilation,
extended CPS-based evaluation model, and functional representations for
probabilistic paradigms, such as a distribution, a random process, and an
inference algorithm.
  We show that a probabilistic functional language can be implemented
efficiently and integrated tightly with a conventional functional language with
only moderate computational overhead. We also demonstrate how advanced
probabilistic modeling concepts are mapped naturally to the functional
foundation.


title: Gravitational energy of a Schwarzschild black hole

abstract:
  In a previous paper, we proposed a new gravitational energy momentum tensor.
Here we use this tensor to evaluate the gravitational energies both inside and
outside the horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole. Our results show that all of
the gravitational energy exists outside the horizon, and that there is no
gravitational energy inside the horizon. We comment on a relation with our
gravitational energy momentum tensor and another one which is proposed in a
teleparallel gravity.


title:
Generation of the Single Precision BLAS library for the Parallella
  platform, with Epiphany co-processor acceleration, using the BLIS framework

abstract:
  The Parallella is a hybrid computing platform that came into existence as the
result of a Kickstarter project by Adapteva. It is composed of the high
performance, energy-efficient, manycore architecture, Epiphany chip (used as
co-processor) and one Zynq-7000 series chip, which normally runs a regular
Linux OS version, serves as the main processor, and implements "glue logic" in
its internal FPGA to communicate with the many interfaces in the Parallella. In
this paper an Epiphany-accelerated BLAS library for the Parallella platform was
created (which could be suitable, also, for similar hybrid platforms that
include the Epiphany chip as a coprocessor). For the actual instantiation of
the BLAS, the BLIS framework was used. There have been previous implementations
of Matrix-Matrix multiplication, on this platform, that achieved very good
performances inside the Epiphany chip (up to 85% of peak), but not so good ones
for the complete Parallella platform (due to inter-chip data transfer bandwidth
limitations). The main purpose of this work was to get closer to practical
Linear Algebra aplications for the entire Parallella platform, with scientific
computing in view.


title: Investigating the Empirical Existence of Static User Equilibrium

abstract:
  The Static User Equilibrium is a powerful framework for the theoretical study
of traffic. Despite the restricting assumption of stationary flows that
intuitively limit its application to real traffic systems, many operational
models implementing it are still used without an empirical validation of the
existence of the equilibrium. We investigate its existence on a traffic dataset
of three months for the region of Paris, FR. The implementation of an
application for interactive spatio-temporal data exploration allows to
hypothesize a high spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and to guide further
quantitative work. The assumption of locally stationary flows is invalidated in
a first approximation by empirical results, as shown by a strong spatial and
temporal variability in shortest paths and in network topological measures such
as betweenness centrality. Furthermore, the behavior of spatial autocorrelation
index of congestion patterns at different spatial ranges suggest a chaotic
evolution at the local scale, especially during peak hours. We finally discuss
the implications of these empirical findings and describe further possible
developments based on the estimation of Lyapunov dynamical stability of traffic
flows.


title:
Leveraging Structural Context Models and Ranking Score Fusion for Human
  Interaction Prediction

abstract:
  Predicting an interaction before it is fully executed is very important in
applications such as human-robot interaction and video surveillance. In a
two-human interaction scenario, there often contextual dependency structure
between the global interaction context of the two humans and the local context
of the different body parts of each human. In this paper, we propose to learn
the structure of the interaction contexts, and combine it with the spatial and
temporal information of a video sequence for a better prediction of the
interaction class. The structural models, including the spatial and the
temporal models, are learned with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks to
capture the dependency of the global and local contexts of each RGB frame and
each optical flow image, respectively. LSTM networks are also capable of
detecting the key information from the global and local interaction contexts.
Moreover, to effectively combine the structural models with the spatial and
temporal models for interaction prediction, a ranking score fusion method is
also introduced to automatically compute the optimal weight of each model for
score fusion. Experimental results on the BIT Interaction and the
UT-Interaction datasets clearly demonstrate the benefits of the proposed
method.


title: Mean field evolution of fermions with Coulomb interaction

abstract:
  We study the many body Schr\"odinger evolution of weakly coupled fermions
interacting through a Coulomb potential. We are interested in a joint mean
field and semiclassical scaling, that emerges naturally for initially confined
particles. For initial data describing approximate Slater determinants, we
prove convergence of the many-body evolution towards Hartree-Fock dynamics. Our
result holds under a condition on the solution of the Hartree-Fock equation,
that we can only show in a very special situation (translation invariant data,
whose Hartree-Fock evolution is trivial), but that we expect to hold more
generally.


title: Two-Timescale Stochastic Dispatch of Smart Distribution Grids

abstract:
  Smart distribution grids should efficiently integrate stochastic renewable
resources while effecting voltage regulation. The design of energy management
schemes is challenging, one of the reasons being that energy management is a
multistage problem where decisions are not all made at the same timescale and
must account for the variability during real-time operation. The joint dispatch
of slow- and fast-timescale controls in a smart distribution grid is considered
here. The substation voltage, the energy exchanged with a main grid, and the
generation schedules for small diesel generators have to be decided on a slow
timescale; whereas optimal photovoltaic inverter setpoints are found on a more
frequent basis. While inverter and looser voltage regulation limits are imposed
at all times, tighter bus voltage constraints are enforced on the average or in
probability, thus enabling more efficient renewable integration. Upon
reformulating the two-stage grid dispatch as a stochastic convex-concave
problem, two distribution-free schemes are put forth. An average dispatch
algorithm converges provably to the optimal two-stage decisions via a sequence
of convex quadratic programs. Its non-convex probabilistic alternative entails
solving two slightly different convex problems and is numerically shown to
converge. Numerical tests on a real-world distribution feeder verify that both
novel data-driven schemes yield lower costs over competing alternatives.


title:
Revisiting Connes' Finite Spectral Distance on Non-commutative Spaces :
  Moyal Plane and Fuzzy Sphere

abstract:
  We revise and extend the algorithm provided in [1] to compute the finite
Connes' distance between normal states. The original formula in [1] contains an
error and actually only provides a lower bound. The correct expression, which
we provide here, involves the computation of the infimum of an expression which
involves the "transverse" component of the algebra element in addition to the
"longitudinal" component of [1]. This renders the formula less user-friendly,
as the determination of the exact transverse component for which the infimum is
reached remains a non-trivial task, but under rather generic conditions it
turns out that the Connes' distance is proportional to the trace norm of the
difference in the density matrices, leading to considerable simplification. In
addition, we can determine an upper bound of the distance by emulating and
adapting the approach of [2] in our Hilbert-Schmidt operatorial formulation. We
then look for an optimal element for which the upper bound is reached. We are
able to find one for the Moyal plane through the limit of a sequence obtained
by finite dimensional projections of the representative of an element belonging
to a multiplier algebra, onto the subspaces of the total Hilbert space,
occurring in the spectral triple and spanned by the eigen-spinors of the
respective Dirac operator. This is in contrast with the fuzzy sphere, where the
upper bound, which is given by the geodesic of a commutative sphere is never
reached for any finite $n$-representation of $SU(2)$. Indeed, for the case of
maximal non-commutativity ($n = 1/2$), the finite distance is shown to coincide
exactly with the above mentioned lower bound, with the transverse component
playing no role. This, however starts changing from $n=1$ onwards and we try to
improve the estimate of the finite distance and provide an almost exact result,
using our new and modified algorithm.


title:
High-order accurate finite-volume formulations for the pressure gradient
  force in layered ocean models

abstract:
  The development of a set of high-order accurate finite-volume formulations
for evaluation of the pressure gradient force in layered ocean models is
described. A pair of new schemes are presented, both based on an integration of
the contact pressure force about the perimeter of an associated momentum
control-volume. The two proposed methods differ in their choice of
control-volume geometries. High-order accurate numerical integration techniques
are employed in both schemes to account for non-linearities in the underlying
equation-of-state definitions and thermodynamic profiles, and details of an
associated vertical interpolation and quadrature scheme are discussed in
detail. Numerical experiments are used to confirm the consistency of the two
formulations, and it is demonstrated that the new methods maintain hydrostatic
and thermobaric equilibrium in the presence of strongly-sloping layer-wise
geometry, non-linear equation-of-state definitions and non-uniform vertical
stratification profiles. Additionally, one scheme is shown to maintain high
levels of consistency in the presence of non-linear thermodynamic
stratification. Use of the new pressure gradient force formulations for hybrid
vertical coordinate and/or terrain-following general circulation models is
discussed.


title: Acceptable Strategy Profiles in Stochastic Games

abstract:
  This paper presents a new solution concept for multiplayer stochastic games,
namely, acceptable strategy profiles. For each player $i$ and state $s$ in a
stochastic game, let $w_i(s)$ be a real number. A strategy profile is
\emph{$w$-acceptable}, where $w=(w_i(s))$, if the discounted payoff to each
player $i$ at every initial state $s$ is at least $w_i(s)$, provided the
discount factor of the players is sufficiently close to 1. Our goal is to
provide simple strategy profiles that are $w$-acceptable for payoff vectors $w$
in which all coordinates are high.


title:
Multi-Period Do-Not-Exceed Limit for Variable Renewable Generation
  Dispatch Considering Discrete Recourse Controls

abstract:
  The do-not-exceed (DNE) limit method was proposed to accommodate more
variable renewable generation (VRG) securely. However, the lack of involving
discrete recourse control precludes this method from gaining more flexibility
for better VRG integration. This letter formulates a multi-period DNE limit
model considering continuous and discrete recourse controls. This model belongs
to two-stage robust optimization with mixed integer recourse. A nested
column-and-constraint generation approach is employed to solve this model. Case
studies show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


title:
Electrically tunable organic-inorganic hybrid polaritons with monolayer
  WS2

abstract:
  Exciton-polaritons are quasiparticles consisting of a linear superposition of
photonic and excitonic states, offering potential for nonlinear optical
devices. The excitonic component of the polariton provides a finite Coulomb
scattering cross section, such that the different types of exciton found in
organic materials (Frenkel) and inorganic materials (Wannier-Mott) produce
polaritons with different interparticle interaction strength. A hybrid
polariton state with distinct excitons provides a potential technological route
towards in-situ control of nonlinear behaviour. Here we demonstrate a device in
which hybrid polaritons are displayed at ambient temperatures, the excitonic
component of which is part Frenkel and part Wannier-Mott, and in which the
dominant exciton type can be switched with an applied voltage. The device
consists of an open microcavity containing both organic dye and a monolayer of
the transition metal dichalcogenide WS$_2$. Our findings offer a perspective
for electrically controlled nonlinear polariton devices at room temperature.


title: A Tight Convex Upper Bound on the Likelihood of a Finite Mixture

abstract:
  The likelihood function of a finite mixture model is a non-convex function
with multiple local maxima and commonly used iterative algorithms such as EM
will converge to different solutions depending on initial conditions. In this
paper we ask: is it possible to assess how far we are from the global maximum
of the likelihood? Since the likelihood of a finite mixture model can grow
unboundedly by centering a Gaussian on a single datapoint and shrinking the
covariance, we constrain the problem by assuming that the parameters of the
individual models are members of a large discrete set (e.g. estimating a
mixture of two Gaussians where the means and variances of both Gaussians are
members of a set of a million possible means and variances). For this setting
we show that a simple upper bound on the likelihood can be computed using
convex optimization and we analyze conditions under which the bound is
guaranteed to be tight. This bound can then be used to assess the quality of
solutions found by EM (where the final result is projected on the discrete set)
or any other mixture estimation algorithm. For any dataset our method allows us
to find a finite mixture model together with a dataset-specific bound on how
far the likelihood of this mixture is from the global optimum of the likelihood


title:
The nature of the X-ray pulsar in M31: an intermediate mass X-ray
  binary?

abstract:
  Recently the first finding of a spin period of an accreting neutron star in
M31 is reported. The observed spin period is 1.2 s and it shows 1.27 d
modulations due to orbital motion. From the orbital information, the mass donor
could not be a giant massive star. On the other hand, the observed properties
are quite odd for typical low mass X-ray binaries. In this study, we compare
observed binary parameters with theoretical models given by a stellar evolution
track and make a restriction on the possible mass range of the donor. According
to the standard stellar evolution model, the donor star should be larger than
1.5 solar mass, and this suggests that this system is a new member of a rare
category, intermediate mass X-ray binary. The magnetic field strength of the
neutron star suggested by spin-up/down tendency in this system supports the
possibility of intermediate mass donor.


title: Caveats on Bayesian and hidden-Markov models (v2.8)

abstract:
  This paper describes a number of fundamental and practical problems in the
application of hidden-Markov models and Bayes when applied to cursive-script
recognition. Several problems, however, will have an effect in other
application areas. The most fundamental problem is the propagation of error in
the product of probabilities. This is a common and pervasive problem which
deserves more attention. On the basis of Monte Carlo modeling, tables for the
expected relative error are given. It seems that it is distributed according to
a continuous Poisson distribution over log probabilities. A second essential
problem is related to the appropriateness of the Markov assumption. Basic tests
will reveal whether a problem requires modeling of the stochastics of
seriality, at all. Examples are given of lexical encodings which cover 95-99%
classification accuracy of a lexicon, with removed sequence information, for
several European languages. Finally, a summary of results on a non- Bayes,
non-Markov method in handwriting recognition are presented, with very
acceptable results and minimal modeling or training requirements using
nearest-mean classification.


title: Locating resonances on hyperbolic cones

abstract:
  In this note we explicitly compute the resonances on hyperbolic cones. These
are hyperbolic manifolds with a conic singularity equipped with a warped
product metric. The calculation is based on separation of variables and
Kummer's connection formulae for hypergeometric functions. To our knowledge
this is the one of the few explicit calculations of resonances that does not
rely on the resolvent being a two-point function.


title: Thermal Electromagnetic Radiation in Heavy-Ion Collisions

abstract:
  We review the potential of precise measurements of electromagnetic probes in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions for the theoretical understanding of strongly
interacting matter. The penetrating nature of photons and dileptons implies
that they can carry undistorted information about the hot and dense regions of
the fireballs formed in these reactions and thus provide a unique opportunity
to measure the electromagnetic spectral function of QCD matter as a function of
both invariant mass and momentum. In particular we report on recent progress on
how the medium modifications of the (dominant) isovector part of the vector
current correlator ($\rho$ channel) can shed light on the mechanism of chiral
symmetry restoration in the hot and/or dense environment. In addition, thermal
dilepton radiation enables novel access to (a) the fireball lifetime through
the dilepton yield in the low invariant-mass window $0.3 \; \mathrm{GeV} \leq M
\leq 0.7 \; \mathrm{GeV}$, and (b) the early temperatures of the fireball
through the slope of the invariant-mass spectrum in the intermediate-mass
region ($1.5 \; \mathrm{GeV} <M< 2.5 \; \mathrm{GeV}$). The investigation of
the pertinent excitation function suggests that the beam energies provided by
the NICA and FAIR projects are in a promising range for a potential discovery
of the onset of a first order phase transition, as signaled by a non-monotonous
behavior of both low-mass yields and temperature slopes.


title:
The OmegaWhite Survey for short period variable stars II: An overview of
  results from the first four years

abstract:
  OmegaWhite is a wide-field, high cadence, synoptic survey targeting fields in
the southern Galactic plane, with the aim of discovering short period variable
stars. Our strategy is to take a series of 39 s exposures in the g band of a 1
square degree of sky lasting 2 h using the OmegaCAM wide field imager on the
VLT Survey Telescope (VST). We give an overview of the initial 4 years of data
which covers 134 square degrees and includes 12.3 million light curves. As the
fields overlap with the VLT Survey Telescope Halpha Photometric Survey of the
Galactic plane and Bulge (VPHAS+), we currently have $ugriH\alpha$ photometry
for ~1/3 of our fields. We find that a significant fraction of the light curves
have been affected by the diffraction spikes of bright stars sweeping across
stars within a few dozen of pixels over the two hour observing time interval
due to the alt-az nature of the VST. We select candidate variable stars using a
variety of variability statistics, followed by a manual verification stage. We
present samples of several classes of short period variables, including: an
ultra compact binary, a DQ white dwarf, a compact object with evidence of a 100
min rotation period, three CVs, one eclipsing binary with an 85 min period, a
symbiotic binary which shows evidence of a 31 min photometric period, and a
large sample of candidate delta Sct type stars including one with a 9.3 min
period. Our overall goal is to cover 400 square degrees, and this study
indicates we will find many more interesting short period variable stars as a
result.


title: Stability in higher-derivative matter fields theories

abstract:
  We discuss possible instabilities in higher-derivative matter fields
theories. These theories has two free parameters $\beta_1$ and $\beta_4$. By
using dynamical system approach we explicitly demonstrate that for stability of
Minkowski space in expanding Universe it is need condition $\beta_4<0$. By
using quantum field theory approach we also find additional restriction for
parameters $\beta_1>-\frac{1}{3}\beta_4$ which is need to avoid tachyon-like
instability.


title:
Creating a switchable optical cavity with controllable quantum-state
  mapping between two modes

abstract:
  We describe how an ensemble of four-level atoms in the diamond-type
configuration can be applied to create a fully controllable effective coupling
between two cavity modes. The diamond-type configuration allows one to use a
bimodal cavity that supports modes of different frequencies or different
circular polarisations, because each mode is coupled only to its own
transition. This system can be used for mapping a quantum state of one cavity
mode onto the other mode on demand. Additionally, it can serve as a fast
opening high-Q cavity system that can be easily and coherently controlled with
laser fields.


title:
Geometrical lattice engineering of complex oxide heterostructures: a
  designer approach to emergent quantum states

abstract:
  Epitaxial heterostructures composed of complex oxides have fascinated
researchers for over a decade as they offer multiple degrees of freedom to
unveil emergent many-body phenomena often unattainable in bulk. Recently, apart
from stabilizing such artificial structures along the conventional
[001]-direction, tuning the growth direction along unconventional
crystallographic axes has been highlighted as a promising route to realize
novel quantum many-body phases. Here we illustrate this rapidly developing
field of geometrical lattice engineering with the emphasis on a few
prototypical examples of the recent experimental efforts to design complex
oxide heterostructures along the (111) orientation for quantum phase discovery
and potential applications.


title: The interaction of relativistic spacecrafts with the interstellar medium

abstract:
  The Breakthrough Starshot initiative aims to launch a gram-scale spacecraft
to a speed of $v\sim 0.2$c, capable of reaching the nearest star system,
$\alpha$ Centauri, in about 20 years. However, a critical challenge for the
initiative is the damage to the spacecraft by interstellar gas and dust during
the journey. In this paper, we quantify the interaction of a relativistic
spacecraft with gas and dust in the interstellar medium. For gas bombardment,
we find that damage by track formation due to heavy elements is an important
effect. We find that gas bombardment can potentially damage the surface of the
spacecraft to a depth of $\sim 0.1$ mm for quartz material after traversing a
gas column of $N_{\rm H}\sim 2\times 10^{18}\rm cm^{-2}$ along the path to
$\alpha$ Centauri, whereas the effect is much weaker for graphite material. The
effect of dust bombardment erodes the spacecraft surface and produces numerous
craters due to explosive evaporation of surface atoms. For a spacecraft speed
$v=0.2c$, we find that dust bombardment can erode a surface layer of $\sim 0.5$
mm thickness after the spacecraft has swept a column density of $N_{\rm H}\sim
3\times 10^{17}\rm cm^{-2}$, assuming the standard gas-to-dust ratio of the
interstellar medium. Dust bombardment also damages the spacecraft surface by
modifying the material structure through melting. We calculate the equilibrium
surface temperature due to collisional heating by gas atoms as well as the
temperature profile as a function of depth into the spacecraft. Our
quantitative results suggest methods for damage control, and we highlight
possibilities for shielding strategies and protection of the spacecraft.


title:
Possible connection between a generalized Maeda's conjecture and local
  types

abstract:
  Here we follow on the proposed generalization of Maeda's conjecture made in
[2]. We report on computations that suggest a relation between the number of
local types and the number of non-CM newform Galois orbits. We extend the
conjecture into spaces with non-trivial Nebentypus and provide a formula for
the number of non-CM orbits for all levels and trivial Nebentypus. We also
provide some numerical evidence towards further generalizations of this
conjecture to totally real fields as well as further strengthening of it by
proposing a structure for the corresponding Galois groups.


title:
Electroencephalography (EEG) Forward Modeling via H(div) Finite Element
  Sources with Focal Interpolation

abstract:
  The goal of this study is to develop focal, accurate and robust finite
element method (FEM) based approaches which can predict the electric potential
on the surface of the computational domain given its structure and internal
primary source current distribution. While conducting an EEG evaluation, the
placement of source currents to the geometrically complex grey matter
compartment is a challenging but necessary task to avoid forward errors
attributable to tissue conductivity jumps. Here, this task is approached via a
mathematically rigorous formulation, in which the current field is modeled via
divergence conforming H(div) basis functions. Both linear and quadratic
functions are used while the potential field is discretized via the standard
linear Lagrangian (nodal) basis. The resulting model includes dipolar sources
which are interpolated into a random set of positions and orientations
utilizing two alternative approaches: the position based optimization (PBO) and
the mean position/orientation (MPO) method. These results demonstrate that the
present dipolar approach can reach or even surpass, at least in some respects,
the accuracy of two classical reference methods, the partial integration (PI)
and St. Venant (SV) approach which utilize monopolar loads instead of dipolar
currents.


title: On the Finite F-representation type and F-signature of hypersurfaces

abstract:
  Let $S=K[x_1,...,x_n]$ or $S=K[[x_1,...,x_n]]$ be either a polynomial or a
formal power series ring in a finite number of variables over a field $K$ of
characteristic $p > 0$ with $[K:K^p] < \infty$. Let $R$ be the hypersurface
$S/fS$ where $f$ is a nonzero nonunit element of $S$. If $e$ is a positive
integer, $F_*^e(R)$ denotes the $R$-algebra structure induced on $R$ via the
$e$-times iterated Frobenius map ( $r\rightarrow r^{p^e}$ ). We show an
existence of a matrix factorization of $f$ whose cokernel is isomorphic to
$F_*^e(R)$ as $R$-module. The presentation of $F_*^e(R)$ as the cokernel of a
matrix factorization of $f$ enables us to find a characterization from which we
can decide when the ring $S[[u,v]]/(f+uv)$ has Finite F-representation type
(FFRT) where $S=K[[x_1,...,x_n]]$. This allows us to create a class of rings
that have Finite F-representation type but it does not have finite CM type. For
$S=K[[x_1,...,x_n]]$, we use this presentation to show that the ring
$S[[y]]/(y^{p^d} +f)$ has finite F-representation type for any $f$ in $S$.
Furthermore, we proved that $S/I$ has Finite F-representation type when $I$ is
a monomial ideal in either $S=K[x_1,...,x_n]$ or $S=K[[x_1,...,x_n]]$. Finally,
this presentation enables us to compute the F-signature of the rings
$S[[u,v]]/(f+uv)$ and $S[[z]]/(f+z^2)$ where $S=K[[x_1,...,x_n]]$ and $f$ is a
monomial in the ring $S$.


title:
Accelerating Exact and Approximate Inference for (Distributed) Discrete
  Optimization with GPUs

abstract:
  Discrete optimization is a central problem in artificial intelligence. The
optimization of the aggregated cost of a network of cost functions arises in a
variety of problems including (W)CSP, DCOP, as well as optimization in
stochastic variants such as the tasks of finding the most probable explanation
(MPE) in belief networks. Inference-based algorithms are powerful techniques
for solving discrete optimization problems, which can be used independently or
in combination with other techniques. However, their applicability is often
limited by their compute intensive nature and their space requirements. This
paper proposes the design and implementation of a novel inference-based
technique, which exploits modern massively parallel architectures, such as
those found in Graphical Processing Units (GPUs), to speed up the resolution of
exact and approximated inference-based algorithms for discrete optimization.
The paper studies the proposed algorithm in both centralized and distributed
optimization contexts. The paper demonstrates that the use of GPUs provides
significant advantages in terms of runtime and scalability, achieving up to two
orders of magnitude in speedups and showing a considerable reduction in
execution time (up to 345 times faster) with respect to a sequential version.


title:
Missing binary outcomes under covariate dependent missingness in cluster
  randomised trials

abstract:
  Missing outcomes are a commonly occurring problem for cluster randomised
trials, which can lead to biased and inefficient inference if ignored or
handled inappropriately. Two approaches for analysing such trials are
cluster-level analysis and individual-level analysis. In this study, we
assessed the performance of unadjusted cluster-level analysis, baseline
covariate adjusted cluster-level analysis, random effects logistic regression
(RELR) and generalised estimating equations (GEE) when binary outcomes are
missing under a baseline covariate dependent missingness mechanism. Missing
outcomes were handled using complete records analysis (CRA) and multilevel
multiple imputation (MMI). We analytically show that cluster-level analyses for
estimating risk ratio (RR) using complete records are valid if the true data
generating model has log link and the intervention groups have the same
missingness mechanism and the same covariate effect in the outcome model. We
performed a simulation study considering four different scenarios, depending on
whether the missingness mechanisms are the same or different between the
intervention groups and whether there is an interaction between intervention
group and baseline covariate in the outcome model. Based on the simulation
study and analytical results, we give guidance on the conditions under which
each approach is valid.


title: Note on Ramsey theorem for posets with linear extensions

abstract:
  In this note we consider a Ramsey type result for partially ordered sets. In
particular, we give an alternative short proof of a theorem for a posets with
multiple linear extensions recently obtained by Solecki and Zhao.


title: Color-factor symmetry and BCJ relations for QCD amplitudes

abstract:
  Tree-level $n$-point gauge-theory amplitudes with $n-2k$ gluons and $k$ pairs
of (massless or massive) particles in the fundamental (or other) representation
of the gauge group are invariant under a set of symmetries that act as
momentum-dependent shifts on the color factors in the cubic decomposition of
the amplitude. These symmetries lead to gauge-invariant constraints on the
kinematic numerators. They also directly imply the BCJ relations among the
Melia-basis primitive amplitudes previously obtained by Johansson and Ochirov.


title:
Efficient real-time monitoring of an emerging influenza epidemic: how
  feasible?

abstract:
  A prompt public health response to a new epidemic relies on the ability to
monitor and predict its evolution in real time as data accumulate. The 2009
A/H1N1 outbreak in the UK revealed pandemic data as noisy, contaminated,
potentially biased, and originating from multiple sources. This seriously
challenges the capacity for real-time monitoring. Here we assess the
feasibility of real-time inference based on such data by constructing an
analytic tool combining an age-stratified SEIR transmission model with various
observation models describing the data generation mechanisms. As batches of
data become available, a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) algorithm is developed to
synthesise multiple imperfect data streams, iterate epidemic inferences and
assess model adequacy amidst a rapidly evolving epidemic environment,
substantially reducing computation time in comparison to standard MCMC, to
ensure timely delivery of real-time epidemic assessments. In application to
simulated data designed to mimic the 2009 A/H1N1 epidemic, SMC is shown to have
additional benefits in terms of assessing predictive performance and coping
with parameter non-identifiability.


title:
CGC factorization for forward particle production in proton-nucleus
  collisions at next-to-leading order

abstract:
  Within the Color Glass Condensate effective theory, we reconsider the
next-to-leading order (NLO) calculation of the single inclusive particle
production at forward rapidities in proton-nucleus collisions at high energy.
Focusing on quark production for definiteness, we establish a new factorization
scheme, perturbatively correct through NLO, in which there is no `rapidity
subtraction'. That is, the NLO correction to the impact factor is not
explicitly separated from the high-energy evolution. Our construction exploits
the skeleton structure of the (NLO) Balitsky-Kovchegov equation, in which the
first step of the evolution is explicitly singled out. The NLO impact factor is
included by computing this first emission with the exact kinematics for the
emitted gluon, rather than by using the eikonal approximation. This particular
calculation has already been presented in the literature [1,2], but the
reorganization of the perturbation theory that we propose is new. As compared
to the proposal in [1,2], our scheme is free of the fine-tuning inherent in the
rapidity subtraction, which might be the origin of the negativity of the NLO
cross-section observed in previous studies.


title:
Strong exciton-photon coupling with colloidal nanoplatelets in an open
  microcavity

abstract:
  Colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets exhibit quantum size effects due to
their thickness of only few monolayers, together with strong optical band-edge
transitions facilitated by large lateral extensions. In this article we
demonstrate room temperature strong coupling of the light and heavy hole
exciton transitions of CdSe nanoplatelets with the photonic modes of an open
planar microcavity. Vacuum Rabi splittings of $66 \pm 1$ meV and $58 \pm 1$ meV
are observed for the heavy and light hole excitons respectively, together with
a polariton-mediated hybridisation of both transitions. By measuring the
concentration of platelets in the film we compute the transition dipole moment
of a nanoplatelet exciton to be $\mu = (575 \pm 110)$ D. The large oscillator
strength and fluorescence quantum yield of semiconductor nanoplatelets provide
a perspective towards novel photonic devices, combining polaritonic and
spinoptronic effects.


title:
Sensitivity and Reliability in Incomplete Networks: Centrality Metrics
  to Community Scoring Functions

abstract:
  Network analysis is an important tool in understanding the behavior of
complex systems of interacting entities. However, due to the limitations of
data gathering technologies, some interactions might be missing from the
network model. This is a ubiquitous problem in all domains that use network
analysis, from social networks to hyper-linked web networks to biological
networks. Consequently, an important question in analyzing networks is to
understand how increasing the noise level (i.e. percentage of missing edges)
affects different network parameters.
  In this paper we evaluate the effect of noise on community scoring and
centrality-based parameters with respect to two different aspects of network
analysis: (i) sensitivity, that is how the parameter value changes as edges are
removed and (ii) reliability in the context of message spreading, that is how
the time taken to broadcast a message changes as edges are removed.
  Our experiments on synthetic and real-world networks and three different
noise models demonstrate that for both the aspects over all networks and all
noise models, permanence qualifies as the most effective metric. For the
sensitivity experiments closeness centrality is a close second. For the message
spreading experiments, closeness and betweenness centrality based initiator
selection closely competes with permanence. This is because permanence has a
dual characteristic where the cumulative permanence over all vertices is
sensitive to noise but the ids of the top-rank vertices, which are used to find
seeds during message spreading remain relatively stable under noise.


title:
NLO QCD off-shell effects for top pair production with a jet in the
  dilepton channel

abstract:
  A short summary of a NLO QCD calculation for the top-quark pair production
with a jet in the dilepton decay channel is presented. The calculation takes
into account all double, single, non-resonant and interference contributions.
Thus, NLO QCD corrections are computed for the process pp -> e+ ve mu- vm~ b b~
j + X. This calculation provides the first complete description, which
overcomes the narrow width approximation for ttj process in the dilepton decay
channel. Results for the total cross section and differential distributions for
the LHC at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV are shown.


title:
Non-local correlations in the orbital selective Mott phase of a one
  dimensional multi-orbital Hubbard model

abstract:
  We study non-local correlations in a three-orbital Hubbard model defined on
an extended one-dimensional chain using determinant quantum Monte Carlo and
density matrix renormalization group methods. We focus on a parameter with
robust Hund's coupling, which produces an orbital selective Mott phase (OSMP)
at intermediate values of the Hubbard U, as well as an orbitally ordered
ferromagnetic insulating state at stronger coupling. An examination of the
orbital and spin-correlation functions indicates that the orbital ordering
occurs before the onset of magnetic correlations in this parameter regime as a
function of temperature. In the OSMP, we find that the self-energy for the
itinerant electrons is momentum dependent, indicating a degree of non-local
correlations while the localized electrons have largely momentum independent
self-energies. These non-local correlations also produce relative shifts of the
hole-like and electron-like bands within our model. The overall momentum
dependence of these quantities is strongly suppressed in the orbitally-ordered
insulating phase.


title:
Life and space dimensionality: A brief review of old and new entangled
  arguments

abstract:
  A general sketch on how the problem of space dimensionality depends on
anthropic arguments is presented. Several examples of how life has been used to
constraint space dimensionality (and vice-versa) are reviewed. In particular,
the influences of three-dimensionality in the solar system stability and the
origin of life on Earth are discussed. New constraints on space dimensionality
and on its invariance in very large spatial and temporal scales are also
stressed.


title:
Quasinormal Modes and Thermodynamics of Linearly Charged BTZ Black holes
  in Massive Gravity in (Anti)de Sitter Space Time

abstract:
  In this work we study the Quasi Normal Modes(QNMs) under massless scalar
perturbations and the thermodynamics of linearly charged BTZ black holes in
massive gravity in the (Anti)de Sitter((A)dS) space time. It is found that the
behavior of QNMs changes with the massive parameter and also with the charge of
the black hole. The thermodynamics of such black holes in the (A)dS space time
is also analyzed in detail. The behavior of specific heat with temperature for
such black holes gives an indication of a phase transition that depends on the
massive parameter and also on the charge of the black hole.


title: Quantum mechanics in an evolving Hilbert space

abstract:
  Many basis sets for electronic structure calculations evolve with varying
external parameters, such as moving atoms in dynamic simulations, giving rise
to extra derivative terms in the dynamical equations. Here we revisit these
derivatives in the context of differential geometry, thereby obtaining a more
transparent formalisation, and a geometrical perspective for better
understanding the resulting equations. The effect of the evolution of the basis
set within the spanned Hilbert space separates explicitly from the effect of
the turning of the space itself when moving in parameter space, as the tangent
space turns when moving in a curved space. New insights are obtained using
familiar concepts in that context such as the Riemann curvature. The
differential geometry is not strictly that for curved spaces as in general
relativity, a more adequate mathematical framework being provided by fibre
bundles. The language used here, however, will be restricted to tensors and
basic quantum mechanics. The local gauge implied by a smoothly varying basis
set readily connects with Berry's formalism for geometric phases. Generalised
expressions for the Berry connection and curvature are obtained for a
parameter-dependent occupied Hilbert space spanned by non-orthogonal Wannier
functions. The formalism is applicable to basis sets made of atomic-like
orbitals and also more adaptative moving basis functions (such as in methods
using Wannier functions as intermediate or support bases), but should also
apply to other situations in which non-orthogonal functions or related
projectors should arise. The formalism is applied to the time-dependent quantum
evolution of electrons for moving atoms. The geometric insights provided here
allow us to propose new finite-differences time integrators, and also better
understand those already proposed.

categories: quant-ph cond-mat.other math-ph math.MP physics.chem-ph physics.comp-ph


title:
Classical spin liquids in stacked triangular lattice Ising
  antiferromagnets

abstract:
  We study Ising antiferromagnets that have nearest-neighbour interactions on
multilayer triangular lattices with frustrated ($abc$ and $abab$) stacking, and
make comparisons with the unfrustrated ($aaa$) stacking. If interlayer
couplings are much weaker than in-plane ones, the paramagnetic phase of models
with frustrated stackings has a classical spin-liquid regime at low
temperature, in which correlations are strong both within and between planes,
but there is no long-range order. We investigate this regime using Monte Carlo
simulations and by mapping the spin models to coupled height models, which are
treated using renormalisation group methods and an analysis of the effects of
vortex excitations. The classical spin-liquid regime is parametrically wide at
small interlayer coupling in models with frustrated stackings. By contrast, for
the unfrustrated stacking there is no extended regime in which interlayer
correlations are strong without three-dimensional order.


title:
A Simulation Study on the Feasibility of Radio Enhancement Therapy with
  Calcium Tungstate and Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles

abstract:
  Herein is a simulation study on the radio enhancement potential of calcium
tungstate (CaWO4) and hafnium oxide (HfO2) nanoparticles (NPs) relative to gold
(Au) NPs. The work utilizes the extensively studied Au NP as the "gold
standard" to which the novel materials can be compared. All three materials
were investigated in-silico with the software Penetration and Energy Loss of
Positrons and Electrons (PENELOPE) developed by Francesc Salvat and distributed
in the United States by the Radiation Safety Information Computational Center
(RSICC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The aims are: (1) Do CaWO4 and HfO2
NPs function like Au?, and (2) if not, how else might they function to enhance
radio therapy? Our investigations have found that HfO2 likely functions as Au,
but not as effectively. CaWO4 likely does not function as Au, and we propose
that CaWO4 may exhibit cancer killing traits through its intrinsic UV
luminescence property.


title:
Thermodynamic model for electron emission and negative- and positive-ion
  formation in keV molecular collisions

abstract:
  A statistical-type model is developed to describe the ion production and
electron emission in collisions of (molecular) ions with atoms. The model is
based on the Boltzmann population of the bound electronic energy levels of the
quasi molecule formed in the collision and the discretized continuum. The
discretization of the continuum is implemented by a free electron gas in a box
model assuming an effective square potential of the quasi molecule. The
temperature of the electron gas is calculated by taking into account a
thermodynamically adiabatic process due to the change of the effective volume
of the quasi molecule as the system evolves. The system may undergo a
transition with a small probability from the discretized continuum to the
states of the complementary continuum. It is assumed that these states are
decoupled from the thermodynamic time development. The decoupled states
overwhelmingly determine the yield of the asymptotically observed fragment
ions. The main motivation of this work is to describe the recently observed
$H^-$ ion production in $OH^+ + Ar$ collisions. The obtained differential cross
sections for $H^-$ formation, cation production and electron emission are close
to the experimental ones. Calculations for the atomic systems $O^+ + Ar$ and
$H^+ + Ar$ are also in reasonable agreement with the experiments indicating
that the model can be applied to a wide class of collisions.


title:
Novel Concept of Non-Debye Dipole Relaxation Processes for the
  Interpretation of Physical Origin of Dielectric Loss in the Glass Formers,
  Drugs, Polymers and Plastic Crystals

abstract:
  The physical origin of dielectric loss is shown to be sum of n number of
subunits relaxation of a molecule, where n=1,2,3.. For each subunit relaxation,
the idea of intermolecular dipole-dipole interactions triggered non-Debye
dipole, ($\bf G$)$_{n}$=((1-g$_d$)$\bf G$$_{0}$)$_{n}$, and the ensuing dual
dipole ($\bf G$$_{\pm}$)$_n$=($\bf G$$_0$$\pm$$\bf G$)$_n$, relaxation
processes is proposed, where $\bf G$$_{-}$=g$_{d}$$\bf G$$_{0}$, $\bf
G$$_{+}$=(2-g$_{d}$)$\bf G$$_{0}$, and $\bf G$$_{0}$ is a Debye dipole. Each
subunit motion is statistically highly independent process and discriminated by
Debye and non-Debye relaxation (NDR) time, where g$_d$ is an exponent 0<g$_d$<1
and signifies interaction strength with a redistribution and conservation of
Debye dielectric loss energy. The proposed concept provides a new insight for
the NDR and discloses the physical origin of $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$,
$\delta$ relaxations and excess wing of glass formers, plastic crystals, drugs,
etc., with an excellent agreement with experimental results.


title: Correlations of flow harmonics in 2.76A TeV Pb--Pb collisions

abstract:
  Using the event-by-event viscous hydrodynamics VISH2+1 with MC-Glauber,
MC-KLN, and AMPT initial conditions, we investigate the correlations of flow
harmonics, including the symmetric cumulants $SC^{v}(m, n)$, the normalized
symmetric cumulants $NSC(m, n)$, and the Pearson correlation coefficients
$C(v_{m}^{2}, v_{n}^{2})$ in 2.76A TeV Pb--Pb collisions. We find $SC^{v}(m,
n)$ is sensitive to both initial conditions and the specific shear viscosity
$\eta/s$. A comparison with the recent ALICE data show that our hydrodynamic
calculations can qualitatively describe the data of $SC^{v}(3, 2)$ and
$SC^{v}(4, 2)$ for various initial conditions, which demonstrate that $v_2$,
$v_4$ are correlated and $v_2$, $v_3$ are anti-correlated. Meanwhile, the
predicted symmetric cumulants $SC^{v}(5, 2)$, $SC^{v}(5, 3)$, and $SC^{v}(4,
3)$ reveal that $v_2$ and $v_5$, $v_3$ and $v_5$ are correlated, $v_3$ and
$v_4$ are anti-correlated in most centrality classes. We also find $NSC^{v}(3,
2)$ and $C(v_{3}^{2}, v_{2}^{2})$, which are insensitive to $\eta/s$, are
mainly determined by corresponding $NSC^{\varepsilon}(3, 2)$ and
$C(\varepsilon_{3}^{2}, \varepsilon_{2}^{2})$ correlators from the initial
state. In contrast, other $NSC^{v}(m, n)$ and $C(v_{m}^{2}, v_{n}^{2})$
correlators are influenced by both initial conditions and $\eta/s$, which
illustrates the non-linear mode couplings in higher flow harmonics with $n \geq
4$.


title: Chaos as an Intermittently Forced Linear System

abstract:
  Understanding the interplay of order and disorder in chaotic systems is a
central challenge in modern quantitative science. We present a universal,
data-driven decomposition of chaos as an intermittently forced linear system.
This work combines Takens' delay embedding with modern Koopman operator theory
and sparse regression to obtain linear representations of strongly nonlinear
dynamics. The result is a decomposition of chaotic dynamics into a linear model
in the leading delay coordinates with forcing by low energy delay coordinates;
we call this the Hankel alternative view of Koopman (HAVOK) analysis. This
analysis is applied to the canonical Lorenz system, as well as to real-world
examples such as the Earth's magnetic field reversal, and data from
electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, and measles outbreaks. In each case,
the forcing statistics are non-Gaussian, with long tails corresponding to rare
events that trigger intermittent switching and bursting phenomena; this forcing
is highly predictive, providing a clear signature that precedes these events.
Moreover, the activity of the forcing signal demarcates large coherent regions
of phase space where the dynamics are approximately linear from those that are
strongly nonlinear.


title: Smallest homotopically trivial non-contractible spaces

abstract:
  We characterize the homotopically trivial non-contractible topological spaces
with the minimum number of points.


title:
A Distributed Satisfactory Content Delivery Scheme for QoS Provisioning
  in Delay Tolerant Networks

abstract:
  We deal in this paper with the content forwarding problem in Delay Tolerant
Networks (DTNs). We first formulate the content delivery interaction as a
non-cooperative satisfaction game. On one hand, the source node seeks to ensure
a delivery probability above some given threshold. On the other hand, the relay
nodes seek to maximize their own payoffs. The source node offers a reward
(virtual coins) to the relay which caches and forwards the file to the final
destination. Each relay faces the dilemma of accepting/rejecting to cache the
source's file. Cooperation incurs energy cost due to caching, carrying and
forwarding the source's file. Yet, when a relay accepts to cooperate, it may
receive some reward if it succeeds to be the first relay to forward the content
to the destination. Otherwise, the relay may receive some penalty in the form
of a constant regret; the latter parameter is introduced to make incentive for
cooperation. Next, we introduce the concept of Satisfaction Equilibrium (SE) as
a solution concept to the induced game. Now, the source node is solely
interested in reaching a file delivery probability greater than some given
threshold, while the relays behave rationally to maximize their respective
payoffs. Full characterizations of the SEs for both pure and mixed strategies
are derived. Furthermore, we propose two learning algorithms allowing the
players (source/relays) to reach the SE strategies. Finally, extensive
numerical investigations and some learning simulations are carried out to
illustrate the behaviour of the interacting nodes.


title:
Proposed low-energy absolute calibration of nuclear recoils in a
  dual-phase noble element TPC using D-D neutron scattering kinematics

abstract:
  We propose a new technique for the calibration of nuclear recoils in large
noble element dual-phase time projection chambers used to search for WIMP dark
matter in the local galactic halo. This technique provides an $\textit{in
situ}$ measurement of the low-energy nuclear recoil response of the target
media using the measured scattering angle between multiple neutron interactions
within the detector volume. The low-energy reach and reduced systematics of
this calibration have particular significance for the low-mass WIMP sensitivity
of several leading dark matter experiments. Multiple strategies for improving
this calibration technique are discussed, including the creation of a new type
of quasi-monoenergetic 272 keV neutron source. We report results from a
time-of-flight based measurement of the neutron energy spectrum produced by an
Adelphi Technology, Inc. DD108 neutron generator, confirming its suitability
for the proposed nuclear recoil calibration.


title:
Polarizable polymer chain under external electric field: Effects of
  many-body electrostatic dipole correlations

abstract:
  We present a new simple self-consistent field theory of the polarizable
flexible polymer chain under the external constant electric field with account
for the many-body electrostatic dipole correlations. We show the effect of
electrostatic dipole correlations on the electric field-induced globule-coil
transition. We demonstrate that only when the polymer chain is in the coil
conformation, the electrostatic dipole correlations of monomers can be
considered as pairwise. However, when the polymer chain is in collapsed state,
the dipole correlations have to be considered at the many-body level.


title: Note on Closed-Form Expressions for Irreducible Loop Integrals

abstract:
  We provide a new analysis of the irreducible loop integrals first considered
in a 2003 paper of Wu. Using convergence ideas from probability, we produce
conditions on the regulator masses so that the integrals have well-defined
limits in the limit required by the regularisation technique; we then derive
closed-form expressions for the regularised forms of these integrals in terms
of incomplete Gamma-functions.


title: The MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer calibration pipeline

abstract:
  The Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) is
the only mid-IR Integral Field Spectrometer on board James Webb Space
Telescope. The complexity of the MRS requires a very specialized pipeline, with
some specific steps not present in other pipelines of JWST instruments, such as
fringe corrections and wavelength offsets, with different algorithms for point
source or extended source data. The MRS pipeline has also two different
variants: the baseline pipeline, optimized for most foreseen science cases, and
the optimal pipeline, where extra steps will be needed for specific science
cases. This paper provides a comprehensive description of the MRS Calibration
Pipeline from uncalibrated slope images to final scientific products, with
brief descriptions of its algorithms, input and output data, and the accessory
data and calibration data products necessary to run the pipeline.


title:
Adaptive and Iterative Methods for Simulations of Nanopores with the
  PNP-Stokes Equations

abstract:
  We present a 3D finite element solver for the nonlinear Poisson-Nernst-Planck
(PNP) equations for electrodiffusion, coupled to the Stokes system of fluid
dynamics. The model serves as a building block for the simulation of
macromolecule dynamics inside nanopore sensors.
  We add to existing numerical approaches by deploying goal-oriented adaptive
mesh refinement. To reduce the computation overhead of mesh adaptivity, our
error estimator uses the much cheaper Poisson-Boltzmann equation as a
simplified model, which is justified on heuristic grounds but shown to work
well in practice. To address the nonlinearity in the full PNP-Stokes system,
three different linearization schemes are proposed and investigated, with two
segregated iterative approaches both outperforming a naive application of
Newton's method. Numerical experiments are reported on a real-world nanopore
sensor geometry.
  We also investigate two different models for the interaction of target
molecules with the nanopore sensor through the PNP-Stokes equations. In one
model, the molecule is of finite size and is explicitly built into the
geometry; while in the other, the molecule is located at a single point and
only modeled implicitly -- after solution of the system -- which is
computationally favorable. We compare the resulting force profiles of the
electric and velocity fields acting on the molecule, and conclude that the
point-size model fails to capture important physical effects such as the
dependence of charge selectivity of the sensor on the molecule radius.

categories: physics.comp-ph cond-mat.mes-hall math.NA physics.chem-ph physics.flu-dyn


title: Infinity category theory from scratch

abstract:
  We use the terms "$\infty$-categories" and "$\infty$-functors" to mean the
objects and morphisms in an "$\infty$-cosmos." Quasi-categories, Segal
categories, complete Segal spaces, naturally marked simplicial sets, iterated
complete Segal spaces, $\theta_n$-spaces, and fibered versions of each of these
are all $\infty$-categories in this sense. We show that the basic category
theory of $\infty$-categories and $\infty$-functors can be developed from the
axioms of an $\infty$-cosmos; indeed, most of the work is internal to a strict
2-category of $\infty$-categories, $\infty$-functors, and natural
transformations. In the $\infty$-cosmos of quasi-categories, we recapture
precisely the same theory developed by Joyal and Lurie, although in most cases
our definitions, which are 2-categorical rather than combinatorial in nature,
present a new incarnation of the standard concepts.
  In the first lecture, we define an $\infty$-cosmos and introduce its
"homotopy 2-category," using formal category theory to define and study
equivalences and adjunctions between $\infty$-categories. In the second
lecture, we study (co)limits of diagrams taking values in an $\infty$-category
and the relationship between (co)limits and adjunctions. In the third lecture,
we introduce comma $\infty$-categories, which are used to encode the universal
properties of (co)limits and adjointness and prove "model independence"
results. In the fourth lecture, we introduce (co)cartesian fibrations, describe
the calculus of "modules" between $\infty$-categories, and use this framework
to prove the Yoneda lemma and develop the theory of pointwise Kan extensions of
$\infty$-functors.


title:
A Multi-Dimensional Fairness Combinatorial Double-Sided Auction Model in
  Cloud Environment

abstract:
  In cloud investment markets, consumers are looking for the lowest cost and a
desirable fairness while providers are looking for strategies to achieve the
highest possible profit and return. Most existing models for auction-based
resource allocation in cloud environments only consider the overall profit
increase and ignore the profit of each participant individually or the
difference between the rich and the poor participants. This paper proposes a
multi-dimensional fairness combinatorial double auction (MDFCDA) model which
strikes a balance between the revenue and the fairness among participants. We
solve a winner determination problem (WDP) through integer programming which
incorporates the fairness attribute based on the history of participants which
is stored in a repository. Our evaluation results show that the proposed model
increases the willingness of participants to take part in the next auction
rounds. Moreover, the average percentage of resource utilization is increased.


title: Linear Vlasov theory of a magnetised, thermally stratified atmosphere

abstract:
  The stability of a collisionless, magnetised plasma to local convective
disturbances is examined, with a focus on kinetic and finite-Larmor-radius
effects. Specific application is made to the outskirts of galaxy clusters,
which contain hot and tenuous plasma whose temperature increases in the
direction of gravity. At long wavelengths (the "drift-kinetic" limit), we
obtain the kinetic version of the magnetothermal instability (MTI) and its
Alfv\'enic counterpart (Alfv\'enic MTI), which were previously discovered and
analysed using a magnetofluid (i.e. Braginskii) description. At sub-ion-Larmor
scales, we discover an overstability driven by the electron temperature
gradient of kinetic-Alfv\'en drift waves -- the electron MTI (eMTI) -- whose
growth rate is even larger than the standard MTI. At intermediate scales, we
find that ion finite-Larmor-radius effects tend to stabilise the plasma. We
discuss the physical interpretation of these instabilities in detail, and
compare them both with previous work on magnetised convection in a collisional
plasma and with temperature-gradient-driven drift-wave instabilities well-known
to the magnetic-confinement-fusion community. The implications of having both
fluid and kinetic scales simultaneously driven unstable by the same temperature
gradient are briefly discussed.


title:
R\'enyi divergences as weighted non-commutative vector valued
  $L_p$-spaces

abstract:
  We show that Araki and Masuda's weighted non-commutative vector valued
$L_p$-spaces [Araki \& Masuda, Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci., 18:339 (1982)]
correspond to an algebraic generalization of the sandwiched R\'enyi divergences
with parameter $\alpha = \frac{p}{2}$. Using complex interpolation theory, we
prove various fundamental properties of these divergences in the setup of von
Neumann algebras, including a data-processing inequality and monotonicity in
$\alpha$. We thereby also give new proofs for the corresponding
finite-dimensional properties. We discuss the limiting cases $\alpha\to
\{\frac{1}{2},1,\infty\}$ leading to minus the logarithm of Uhlmann's fidelity,
Umegaki's relative entropy, and the max-relative entropy, respectively. As a
contribution that might be of independent interest, we derive a Riesz-Thorin
theorem for Araki-Masuda $L_p$-spaces and an Araki-Lieb-Thirring inequality for
states on von Neumann algebras.

categories: math-ph cs.IT math.IT math.MP math.OA quant-ph


title:
Near-horizon physics of an evaporating black hole: One-loop effects in
  the \lambda\Phi^4-theory

abstract:
  We study massless scalar theory with the quartic self-interacting term far
away from and near to evaporating and spherically symmetric black hole. We
propose a principle of how to define the physical notion of particle in curved
space-time. Employing this definition, we compute one-loop correction to the
self-energy and coupling constant of the scalar field near the horizon in the
freely-falling frame. We find that the coupling constant becomes slightly
stronger near to the horizon. We also find that the term in the 2-point
function that is (partially) responsible for the black-hole evaporation
corresponds to the sub-leading correction to the Feynman propagator whose pole
structure is of the leading order.


title: Multi-octave spectrally tunable strong-field Terahertz laser

abstract:
  The ideal laser source for the emerging research field of nonlinear Terahertz
(THz) spectroscopy should offer radiation with a large versatility and deliver
both ultra-intense multi-octave spanning single-cycle pulses and
user-selectable multi-cycle pulses at narrow linewidth. The absence of such a
table-top source has hampered advances in numerous THz disciplines including
imaging, nonlinear photonics and spectroscopy, selective out-of-equilibrium
excitation of condensed matter and quantum systems. Here we introduce a highly
versatile table-top THz laser platform providing single-cycle GV/m transients
as well as spectrally narrow pulses tunable in bandwidth and central frequency
across 5 octaves with hundreds of MV/m field strength. The compact scheme is
based on optical rectification of a temporally modulated laser beam in organic
crystals. It allows for the selection of THz oscillation cycles from 1 to >50
and central frequency tuning range from 0.5 to 7 THz by directly changing the
modulation period of the driving laser. The versatility of the THz source is
demonstrated by providing a broadband 5-octave spanning spectrum as well as a
spectrally narrow line tunable across the full optical rectification
phase-matching band with a minimum width of dv=30 GHz, corresponding to dE=0.13
meV and lambda^-1=1.1 cm-1. The presented table-top source shows performances
similar or even beyond to that of a large-scale THz electron accelerator
facility but offering in addition versatile multi-color and advanced
femtosecond pump-probe opportunities at ultralow timing jitter.


title: Asymmetric core collapse of rapidly rotating massive star

abstract:
  Non-axisymmetric features are found in the core collapse of a rapidly
rotating massive star, which might have important implications for magnetic
field amplification and production of a bipolar outflow that can explode the
star, as well as for r-process nucleosynthesis and natal kicks. The collapse of
an evolved rapidly rotating massive star is followed in three-dimensional
hydrodynamic simulations using the FLASH code with neutrino leakage. A rotating
proto-neutron star (PNS) forms with a non-zero linear velocity. This can
contribute to the natal kick of the remnant compact object. The PNS is
surrounded by a turbulent medium, where high shearing is likely to amplify
magnetic fields, which in turn can drive a bipolar outflow. Neutron-rich
material in the PNS vicinity might induce strong r-process nucleosynthesis. The
rapidly rotating PNS possesses a rotational energy of E>10foe. Magnetar
formation proceeding in a similar fashion will be able to deposit a portion of
this energy later on in the supernova ejecta through a spin down mechanism.
These processes can be important for rare supernovae generated by rapidly
rotating progenitors, even though a complete explosion is not simulated in the
present study.


title:
The Woods Hole trace formula and indices for vector fields and
  foliations on $\mathbb{C}^2$

abstract:
  The purpose of this work is to introduce the reader to the Woods Hole trace
formula and to show how several well-known index theorems for foliations,
vector fields and endomorphisms can be rephrased as particular cases of such
formula. The main objective in doing this is to use the Woods Hole formula in
the future to produce new index theorems.


title:
Bringing quantum mechanics to life: from Schr\"{o}dinger's cat to
  Schr\"{o}dinger's microbe

abstract:
  The question whether quantum mechanics is complete and the nature of the
transition between quantum mechanics and classical mechanics have intrigued
physicists for decades. There have been many experimental breakthroughs in
creating larger and larger quantum superposition and entangled states since
Erwin Schr\"odinger proposed his famous thought experiment of putting a cat in
a superposition of both alive and dead states in 1935. Remarkably, recent
developments in quantum optomechanics and electromechanics may lead to the
realization of quantum superposition of living microbes soon. Recent evidence
also suggests that quantum coherence may play an important role in several
biological processes. In this review, we first give a brief introduction to
basic concepts in quantum mechanics and the Schr\"odinger's cat thought
experiment. We then review developments in creating quantum superposition and
entangled states and the realization of quantum teleportation. Non-trivial
quantum effects in photosynthetic light harvesting and avian magnetoreception
are also discussed. At last, we review recent proposals to realize quantum
superposition, entanglement and state teleportation of microorganisms, such as
viruses and bacteria.


title:
Dewetting and Spreading Transitions for Active Matter on Random Pinning
  Substrates

abstract:
  We show that sterically interacting self-propelled disks in the presence of
random pinning substrates exhibit transitions among a variety of different
states. In particular, from a phase separated cluster state, the disks can
spread out and homogeneously cover the substrate in what can be viewed as an
example of an active matter wetting transition. We map the location of this
transition as a function of activity, disk density, and substrate strength, and
we also identify other phases including a cluster state, coexistence between a
cluster and a labyrinth wetted phase, and a pinned liquid. These phases can be
identified using the cluster size, which dips at the wetting-dewetting
transition, and the fraction of sixfold coordinated particles, which drops when
dewetting occurs.


title: Is non-locality stronger in higher dimensions?

abstract:
  A critique of a prescription of non-locality in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4418
(2000)], [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 040404 (2002)], [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 130404
(2004)] that appears to be stronger and more general than the Bell-CHSH
formulation is presented. It is shown that, contrary to expectations, this
prescription fails to correctly identify a large family of maximally non-local
Bell states.


title:
Criticality revealed through quench dynamics the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick
  model

abstract:
  We examine the dynamics after a sudden quench in the magnetic field of the
Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. Starting from the groundstate and by employing the
time-dependent fidelity, we see manifestly different dynamics are present if
the system is quenched through the critical point. Furthermore, we show that
the average work shows no sensitivity to the quantum phase transition, however
the free energy and irreversible work show markedly different rates of change
in each phase. Finally, we assess the spectral function showing the fundamental
excitations that dictate the dynamics of the post-quenched system, further
highlighting the qualitative differences between the dynamics in the two
phases.


title:
Derivation of the Time Dependent Gross-Pitaevskii Equation in Two
  Dimensions

abstract:
  We present a microscopic derivation of the defocusing two-dimensional cubic
nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation as a mean field equation starting from an
interacting $N$-particle system of Bosons. We consider the interaction
potential to be given either by $W_\beta(x)=N^{-1+2 \beta}W(N^\beta x)$, for
any $\beta>0$, or to be given by $V_N(x)=e^{2N} V(e^N x)$, for some spherical
symmetric, positive and compactly supported $W,V \in
L^\infty(\mathbb{R}^2,\mathbb{R})$. In both cases we prove the convergence of
the reduced density matrix corresponding to the exact time evolution to the
projector onto the solution of the corresponding nonlinear Schr\"odinger
equation in trace norm. For the latter potential $V_N$ we show that it is
crucial to take the microscopic structure of the condensate into account in
order to obtain the correct dynamics.


title:
A Short Counterexample Property for Safety and Liveness Verification of
  Fault-tolerant Distributed Algorithms

abstract:
  Distributed algorithms have many mission-critical applications ranging from
embedded systems and replicated databases to cloud computing. Due to
asynchronous communication, process faults, or network failures, these
algorithms are difficult to design and verify. Many algorithms achieve fault
tolerance by using threshold guards that, for instance, ensure that a process
waits until it has received an acknowledgment from a majority of its peers.
Consequently, domain-specific languages for fault-tolerant distributed systems
offer language support for threshold guards.
  We introduce an automated method for model checking of safety and liveness of
threshold-guarded distributed algorithms in systems where the number of
processes and the fraction of faulty processes are parameters. Our method is
based on a short counterexample property: if a distributed algorithm violates a
temporal specification (in a fragment of LTL), then there is a counterexample
whose length is bounded and independent of the parameters. We prove this
property by (i) characterizing executions depending on the structure of the
temporal formula, and (ii) using commutativity of transitions to accelerate and
shorten executions. We extended the ByMC toolset (Byzantine Model Checker) with
our technique, and verified liveness and safety of 10 prominent fault-tolerant
distributed algorithms, most of which were out of reach for existing
techniques.


title:
Riemann Hypothesis Analogue for locally finite modules over the absolute
  Galois group of a finite field

abstract:
  The article provides a sufficient condition for a locally finite module over
the absolute Galois group of a finite field F to satisfy the Riemann Hypothesis
Analogue with respect to the projective line. The condition holds for all
smooth irreducible projective curves of positive genus, defined over F. By
construction of an explicit example we establish that the scope of our main
result is larger than the class of the smooth irreducible projective varieties,
defined over F.


title:
Large-field CO(1--0) observations toward the Galactic historical
  supernova remnants: a large cavity around Tycho's supernova remnant

abstract:
  The investigation of the interaction between the supernova remnants (SNRs)
and interstellar gas is not only necessary to improve our knowledge of SNRs,
but also to understand the nature of the progenitor systems. As a part of the
Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting CO line survey (MWISP), we study the
interstellar gas surrounding the Galactic historical SNRs, using the PMO
13.7-meter telescope. In this work, we present large-field
(3$^\circ$$\times$2$^\circ$) and high-sensitivity CO(1-0) molecular line
observations toward Tycho's SNR. The CO observations reveal, from the outside
in, large molecular clouds, stream-like structures, and an inner rim around
Tycho's SNR. We derived the basic properties (column density, mass, and
kinematics) of these objects based on the CO observations. The large molecular
clouds individually show an arc toward the remnant center, outlining a large
cavity with radii of $\sim$0.3$^\circ$$\times$0.6$^\circ$ (or 13 pc $\times$27
pc at a distance of 2.5 kpc) around the remnant. The CO line broadenings and
asymmetries detected in the surrounding clouds, the observed expansion of the
cavity, in concert with enhanced $^{12}$CO(2-1)/(1-0) intensity ratio detected
in previous studies, suggest the interaction of the large cavity with a wind in
the region. After excluding the scenario of a large bubble produced by bright
massive stars, we suggest that the large cavity could be explained by accretion
wind from the progenitor system of Tycho's supernova. Nevertheless, the
possibility of the random distribution of a large cavity around Tycho's SNR
cannot be ruled out thus far. Further observations are needed to confirm the
physical association of the large cavity with Tycho's SNR.


title: Exotic Spin-Orbital Physics in Hybrid Oxides

abstract:
  We compare the effective spin-orbital super\-exchange triggered by magnetic
$3d$ impurities with $d^3$ and $d^2$ configurations and either no orbital
degree of freedom (orbital dilution) or hole replacing a doublon (charge
dilution) in a $4d^4$ Mott insulator with $S=1$ spins. Impurities causing
orbital dilution act either as spin defects decoupled from the surrounding
ions, or generate orbital polarons along $d^3$-$d^4$ hybrid bonds. The exchange
on these bonds determines which orbital is occupied by a doublon on the host
site. In case of charge dilution by $3d^2$ impurities additional $\propto
T_i^+T_j^+$ terms arise which enhance orbital fluctuations. We show that such
terms may radically change orbital pattern at relatively low doping by $x=1/8$
hole defects. Our findings provide new perspective for future theoretical and
experimental studies of doped transition metal oxides.


title: Superstring limit of Yang-Mills theories

abstract:
  It was pointed out by Shifman and Yung that the critical superstring on
$X^{10}={\mathbb R}^4\times Y^6$, where $Y^6$ is the resolved conifold, appears
as an effective theory for a U(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs system with four fundamental
Higgs scalars defined on $\Sigma_2\times{\mathbb R}^2$, where $\Sigma_2$ is a
two-dimensional Lorentzian manifold. Their Yang-Mills model supports semilocal
vortices on ${\mathbb R}^2\subset\Sigma_2\times{\mathbb R}^2$ with a moduli
space $X^{10}$. When the moduli of slowly moving thin vortices depend on the
coordinates of $\Sigma_2$, the vortex strings can be identified with critical
fundamental strings. We show that similar results can be obtained for the
low-energy limit of pure Yang-Mills theory on $\Sigma_2\times T^2_p$, where
$T^2_p$ is a two-dimensional torus with a puncture $p$. The solitonic vortices
of Shifman and Yung then get replaced by flat connections. Various
ten-dimensional superstring target spaces can be obtained as moduli spaces of
flat connections on $T^2_p$, depending on the choice of the gauge group. The
full Green-Schwarz sigma model requires extending the gauge group to a
supergroup and augmenting the action with a topological term.


title:
Invariant subsets of the space of subgroups, equational compactness and
  the weak equivalence of actions

abstract:
  Equationally compact subgroups of countable groups were introduced by
Banaschewski. For all known cases the orbit closure of such a subgroup is a
countable subset in the space of subgroups and has finite Cantor-Bendixson
rank. We show that there exists a finitely generated group $\Gamma$ such that
for any countable ordinal $\alpha$ we have an equationally compact subgroup
$H\subset \Gamma$ for which the Cantor-Bendixson rank of the orbit closure of
$H$ equals to $\alpha+2$. Then we give an explicite construction of continuum
many equationally compact subgroups of $\Gamma$ such that the associated
ergodic Bernoulli shift actions are pairwise weakly incomparable. We also
answer two questions on equational compactness posed by Prest and Rajani.