title: Dark energy as a manifestation of nontrivial arithmetic

abstract:
  Arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), as
well as the calculus they imply, are non-unique. The examples of
four-dimensional spaces, $\mathbb{R}_+^4$ and $(-L/2,L/2)^4$, are considered
where different types of arithmetic and calculus coexist simultaneously. In all
the examples there exists a non-Diophantine arithmetic that makes the space
globally Minkowskian, and thus the laws of physics are formulated in terms of
the corresponding calculus. However, when one switches to the `natural'
Diophantine arithmetic and calculus, the Minkowskian character of the space is
lost and what one effectively obtains is a Lorentzian manifold. I discuss in
more detail the problem of electromagnetic fields produced by a pointlike
charge. The solution has the standard form when expressed in terms of the
non-Diophantine formalism. When the `natural' formalsm is used, the same
solution looks as if the fields were created by a charge located in an
expanding universe, with nontrivially accelerating expansion. The effect is
clearly visible also in solutions of the Friedman equation with vanishing
cosmological constant. All of this suggests that phenomena attributed to dark
energy may be a manifestation of a miss-match between the arithmetic employed
in mathematical modeling, and the one occurring at the level of natural laws.
Arithmetic is as physical as geometry.


title: High-order Primordial Perturbations with Quantum Gravitational Effects

abstract:
  In this paper, we provide a systematic investigation of high-order primordial
perturbations with nonlinear dispersion relations due to quantum gravitational
effects in the framework of {\em uniform asymptotic approximations}. Because of
these effects, the equation of motion of the mode function in general has
multiple-turning points. After obtaining analytically approximated solutions to
any order in different regions, associated with different types of turning
points, we match them to the third one. To this order the errors are less than
$0.15\%$. General expressions of the power spectra of the primordial tensor and
scalar perturbations are derived explicitly. We also investigate effects of
back-reactions of the quantum gravitational corrections, and make sure that
inflation lasts long enough in order to solve the underlying problems, such as
flatness, horizon and monopole. Then, we study various features of the spectra
that are observationally relevant. In particular, under a moderate assumption
about the energy scale of the underlying theory of quantum gravity, we have
shown that the quantum gravitational effects may alter significantly the ratio
between the tensor and scalar power spectra, thereby providing a natural
mechanism to alleviate the tension between observations and certain
inflationary models, including the one with a quadratic potential.


title:
Type conditions of stable range for identification of qualitative
  generalized classes of rings

abstract:
  This article deals mostly with the following question: when is the classical
ring of quotients of a commutative ring a ring of stable range 1? We introduce
the concepts of a ring of (von Neumann) regular range 1, a ring of
semihereditary range 1, a ring of regular range 1, a semihereditary local ring,
a regular local ring. We find relationships between the introduced classes of
rings and known ones, in particular, it is established that a commutative
indecomposable almost clean ring is a regular local ring. A commutative any
ring of idempotent regular range 1 is an almost clean ring. It is shown that
any commutative indecomposable almost clean Bezout ring is an Hermite ring, any
commutative semihereditary ring is a ring of idempotent regular range 1. The
classical ring of quotients of a commutative Bezout ring is a (von Neumann)
regular local ring if and only if R is a commutative semihereditary local ring.


title: The elliptic torsion anomalous conjecture in codimension 2

abstract:
  The torsion anomalous conjecture states that for any variety V in an abelian
variety there are only finitely many maximal V-torsion anomalous varieties. We
prove this conjecture for V of codimension 2 in a product E^N of any elliptic
curve E. This was known only when E has CM. We also give an effective upper
bound for the normalized height of these maximal V-torsion anomalous varieties.


title:
An Eyring-Kramers law for the stochastic Allen-Cahn equation in
  dimension two

abstract:
  We study spectral Galerkin approximations of an Allen--Cahn equation over the
two-dimensional torus perturbed by weak space-time white noise of strength
$\sqrt{\varepsilon}$. We introduce a Wick renormalisation of the equation in
order to have a system that is well-defined as the regularisation is removed.
We show sharp upper and lower bounds on the transition times from a
neighbourhood of the stable configuration $-1$ to the stable configuration $1$
in the asymptotic regime $\varepsilon \to 0$. These estimates are uniform in
the discretisation parameter $N$, suggesting an Eyring-Kramers formula for the
limiting renormalised stochastic PDE. The effect of the "infinite
renormalisation" is to modify the prefactor and to replace the ratio of
determinants in the finite-dimensional Eyring-Kramers law by a renormalised
Carleman-Fredholm determinant.


title: General curvature flow without singularities

abstract:
  In [5], S\'aez and Schn\"urer studied the graphical mean curvature flow of
complete hypersurfaces defined on subsets of Euclidean space. They obtained
long time existence. Moreover, they provided a new interpretation of weak mean
curvature flow. In this paper, we generalize their results to a general
curvature setting. Our key ingredient is the existence result of general
curvature flow with boundary conditions, which is proved in Section 4.


title:
The Impact of Stellar Multiplicity on Planetary Systems, I.: The Ruinous
  Influence of Close Binary Companions

abstract:
  The dynamical influence of binary companions is expected to profoundly
influence planetary systems. However, the difficulty of identifying planets in
binary systems has left the magnitude of this effect uncertain; despite
numerous theoretical hurdles to their formation and survival, at least some
binary systems clearly host planets. We present high-resolution imaging of 382
Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) obtained using adaptive-optics imaging and
nonredundant aperture-mask interferometry (NRM) on the Keck-II telescope. Among
the full sample of 506 candidate binary companions to KOIs, we super-resolve
some binary systems to projected separations of <5 AU, showing that planets
might form in these dynamically active environments. However, the full
distribution of projected separations for our planet-host sample more broadly
reveals a deep paucity of binary companions at solar-system scales. For a field
binary population, we should have found 58 binary companions with projected
separation \rho < 50 AU and mass ratio q > 0.4; we instead only found 23
companions (a 4.6 sigma deficit), many of which must be wider pairs that are
only close in projection. When the binary population is parametrized with a
semimajor axis cutoff a_cut and a suppression factor inside that cutoff S_bin,
we find with correlated uncertainties that inside a_cut = 47 +59/-23 AU, the
planet occurrence rate in binary systems is only S_bin = 0.34 +0.14/-0.15 times
that of wider binaries or single stars. Our results demonstrate that a fifth of
all solar-type stars in the Milky Way are disallowed from hosting planetary
systems due to the influence of a binary companion.


title: The set of all orthogonal complex structures on the flat $6$-tori

abstract:
  In \cite{BSV}, Borisov, Salamon and Viaclovsky constructed non-standard
orthogonal complex structures on flat tori $T^{2n}_{\mathbb R}$ for any $n\geq
3$. We will call these examples BSV-tori. In this note, we show that on a flat
$6$-torus, all the orthogonal complex structures are either the complex tori or
the BSV-tori. This solves the classification problem for compact Hermitian
manifolds with flat Riemannian connection in the case of complex dimension
three.


title:
Implications of perturbative unitarity for scalar di-boson resonance
  searches at LHC

abstract:
  We study the constraints implied by partial wave unitarity on new physics in
the form of spin-zero di-boson resonances at LHC. We derive the scale where the
effective description in terms of the SM supplemented by a single resonance is
expected to break down depending on the resonance mass and signal
cross-section. Likewise, we use unitarity arguments in order to set
perturbativity bounds on renormalizable UV completions of the effective
description. We finally discuss under which conditions scalar di-boson
resonance signals can be accommodated within weakly-coupled models.


title:
Syntactic and semantic classification of verb arguments using
  dependency-based and rich semantic features

abstract:
  Corpus Pattern Analysis (CPA) has been the topic of Semeval 2015 Task 15,
aimed at producing a system that can aid lexicographers in their efforts to
build a dictionary of meanings for English verbs using the CPA annotation
process. CPA parsing is one of the subtasks which this annotation process is
made of and it is the focus of this report. A supervised machine-learning
approach has been implemented, in which syntactic features derived from parse
trees and semantic features derived from WordNet and word embeddings are used.
It is shown that this approach performs well, even with the data sparsity
issues that characterize the dataset, and can obtain better results than other
system by a margin of about 4% f-score.


title: Comment on "Role of Potentials in the Aharonov-Bohm Effect"

abstract:
  Are the electromagnetic scalar and vector potentials dispensable? Lev Vaidman
has suggested that local interactions of gauge-invariant quantities, e.g.
magnetic torques, suffice for the description of all quantum electromagnetic
phenomena. We analyze six thought experiments that challenge this suggestion.
All of them have explanations in terms of $local$ interactions of
gauge-dependent quantities, in addition, some have explanations in terms of
nonlocal interactions of gauge-invariant quantities. We claim, however, that
two of our examples have no gauge-invariant formal description and that, in
general, no local description can dispense with electromagnetic potentials.


title: Integral measurement of the $^{12}$C(n,p)$^{12}$B reaction up to 10 GeV

abstract:
  The integral measurement of the $^{12}$C(n,p)$^{12}$B reaction was performed
at the neutron time of flight facility n_TOF at CERN. The total number of
$^{12}$B nuclei produced per neutron pulse of the n_TOF beam was determined
using the activation technique in combination with a time of flight technique.
The cross section is integrated over the n_TOF neutron energy spectrum from
reaction threshold at 13.6 MeV to 10 GeV. Having been measured up to 1 GeV on
basis of the $^{235}$U(n,f) reaction, the neutron energy spectrum above 200 MeV
has been reevaluated due to the recent extension of the cross section reference
for this particular reaction, which is otherwise considered a standard up to
200 MeV. The results from the dedicated GEANT4 simulations have been used to
evaluate the neutron flux from 1 GeV up to 10 GeV. The experimental results
related to the $^{12}$C(n,p)$^{12}$B reaction are compared with the evaluated
cross sections from major libraries and with the predictions of different
GEANT4 models, which mostly underestimate the $^{12}$B production. On the
contrary, a good reproduction of the integral cross section derived from
measurements is obtained with TALYS-1.6 calculations, with optimized
parameters.


title:
Sleeping Beauties Cited in Patents: Is there also a Dormitory of
  Inventions?

abstract:
  A Sleeping Beauty in Science is a publication that goes unnoticed (sleeps)
for a long time and then, almost suddenly, attracts a lot of attention (is
awakened by a prince). In our foregoing study we found that roughly half of the
Sleeping Beauties are application-oriented and thus are potential Sleeping
Innovations. In this paper we investigate a new topic: Sleeping Beauties that
are cited in patents. In this way we explore the existence of a dormitory of
inventions. We find that patent citation may occur before or after the
awakening and that the depth of the sleep, i.e., citation rate during the
sleeping period, is no predictor for later scientific or technological impact
of the Sleeping Beauty. Inventor-author self-citations occur only in a small
minority of the Sleeping Beauties that are cited in patents, but other types of
inventor-author links occur more frequently. We analyze whether they deal with
new topics by measuring the time-dependent evolution in the entire scientific
literature of the number of papers related to both the precisely defined topics
as well as the broader research theme of the Sleeping Beauty during and after
the sleeping time. We focus on the awakening by analyzing the first group of
papers that cites the Sleeping Beauty. Next, we create concept maps of the
topic-related and the citing papers for a time period immediately following the
awakening and for the most recent period. Finally, we make an extensive
assessment of the cited and citing relations of the Sleeping Beauty. We find
that tunable co-citation analysis is a powerful tool to discover the prince and
other important application-oriented work directly related to the Sleeping
Beauty, for instance papers written by authors who cite Sleeping Beauties in
both the patents of which they are the inventors, as well as in their
scientific papers.


title: New approach to Fully Nonlinear Adiabatic TWM Theory

abstract:
  I'm presenting a new elegant formulation of the theory of fully nonlinear
adiabatic TWM (FNA-TWM) in terms of elliptic function here. Note that the
linear case of SFG and DFG in the undepleted pump approximation described by
the FVH representation has been exploited several years ago. For the sake of
completeness, I present the pseudo-FVH representation to describe OPA.
Moreover, I'm trying to display an overview of TWM processes and show that both
the linear cases, the linear adiabatic SFG(DFG) and the linear OPA, are only
the special cases of my theory. Finally I also point out that the geometric
image of the so-called adiabatic basis acts as the geodesic line of the
generalized Bloch sphere.


title: Hydrogen sulfide at high pressure: change in stoichiometry

abstract:
  Hydrogen-sulfide (H2S) was studied by x-ray synchrotron diffraction (XRD) and
Raman spectroscopy up to 150 GPa at 180-295 K and by quantum-mechanical
variable-composition evolutionary simulations. The experiments show that H2S
becomes unstable with respect to formation of new compounds with different
structure and composition, including Cccm and a body-centered-cubic (bcc) like
(R3m or Im-3m) H3S, the latter one predicted previously to show a record-high
superconducting transition temperature, Tc of 203 K. These experiments provide
experimental ground for understanding of this record high Tc. The experimental
results are supported by theoretical structure searches that suggest the
stability of new H3S, H4S3, H5S8, H3S5, and HS2 compounds at elevated
pressures.


title: Sketching and Neural Networks

abstract:
  High-dimensional sparse data present computational and statistical challenges
for supervised learning. We propose compact linear sketches for reducing the
dimensionality of the input, followed by a single layer neural network. We show
that any sparse polynomial function can be computed, on nearly all sparse
binary vectors, by a single layer neural network that takes a compact sketch of
the vector as input. Consequently, when a set of sparse binary vectors is
approximately separable using a sparse polynomial, there exists a single-layer
neural network that takes a short sketch as input and correctly classifies
nearly all the points. Previous work has proposed using sketches to reduce
dimensionality while preserving the hypothesis class. However, the sketch size
has an exponential dependence on the degree in the case of polynomial
classifiers. In stark contrast, our approach of using improper learning, using
a larger hypothesis class allows the sketch size to have a logarithmic
dependence on the degree. Even in the linear case, our approach allows us to
improve on the pesky $O({1}/{{\gamma}^2})$ dependence of random projections, on
the margin $\gamma$. We empirically show that our approach leads to more
compact neural networks than related methods such as feature hashing at equal
or better performance.


title: Document Retrieval using Predication Similarity

abstract:
  Document retrieval has been an important research problem over many years in
the information retrieval community. State-of-the-art techniques utilize
various methods in matching documents to a given document including keywords,
phrases, and annotations. In this paper, we propose a new approach for document
retrieval that utilizes predications (subject-predicate-object triples)
extracted from the documents. We represent documents as sets of predications.
We measure the similarity between predications to compute the similarity
between documents. Our approach utilizes the hierarchical information available
in ontologies in computing concept-concept similarity, making the approach
flexible. Predication-based document similarity is more precise and forms the
basis for a semantically aware document retrieval system. We show that the
approach is competitive with an existing state-of-the-art related document
retrieval technique in the biomedical domain.


title: Algebras of conjugacy classes in symmetric groups

abstract:
  In 1999 V. Ivanov and S. Kerov observed that structure constants of algebras
of conjugacy classes of symmetric groups $S_n$ admit a stabilization (in a
non-obvious sense) as $n\to \infty$. We extend their construction to a class of
pairs of groups $G\supset K$ and algebras of conjugacy classes of $G$ with
respect to $K$. In our basic example $G$ is a product of symmetric groups,
$G=S_n \times S_n$, $K$ is the diagonal subgroup $S_n$.


title: Circular Free Spectrahedra

abstract:
  This paper considers matrix convex sets invariant under several types of
rotations. It is known that matrix convex sets that are free semialgebraic are
solution sets of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs); they are called free
spectrahedra. We classify all free spectrahedra that are circular, that is,
closed under multiplication by exp(i t): up to unitary equivalence, the
coefficients of a minimal LMI defining a circular free spectrahedron have a
common block decomposition in which the only nonzero blocks are on the
superdiagonal.
  A matrix convex set is called free circular if it is closed under left
multiplication by unitary matrices. As a consequence of a Hahn-Banach
separation theorem for free circular matrix convex sets, we show the
coefficients of a minimal LMI defining a free circular free spectrahedron have,
up to unitary equivalence, a block decomposition as above with only two blocks.
  This paper also gives a classification of those noncommutative polynomials
invariant under conjugating each coordinate by a different unitary matrix. Up
to unitary equivalence such a polynomial must be a direct sum of univariate
polynomials.


title:
Forbidden Subgraph Bounds for Parallel Repetition and the Density
  Hales-Jewett Theorem

abstract:
  We study a special kind of bounds (so called forbidden subgraph bounds, cf.
Feige, Verbitsky '02) for parallel repetition of multi-prover games.
  First, we show that forbidden subgraph upper bounds for $r \ge 3$ provers
imply the same bounds for the density Hales-Jewett theorem for alphabet of size
$r$. As a consequence, this yields a new family of games with slow decrease in
the parallel repetition value.
  Second, we introduce a new technique for proving exponential forbidden
subgraph upper bounds and explore its power and limitations. In particular, we
obtain exponential upper bounds for two-prover games with question graphs of
treewidth at most two and show that our method cannot give exponential bounds
for all two-prover graphs.


title:
Statistical Theory of Selectivity and Conductivity in Biological
  Channels

abstract:
  We present an equilibrium statistical-mechanical theory of selectivity in
biological ion channels. In doing so, we introduce a grand canonical ensemble
for ions in a channel's selectivity filter coupled to internal and external
bath solutions for a mixture of ions at arbitrary concentrations, we use linear
response theory to find the current through the filter for small gradients of
electrochemical potential, and we show that the conductivity of the filter is
given by the generalized Einstein relation. We apply the theory to the
permeation of ions through the potassium selectivity filter, and are thereby
able to resolve the long-standing paradox of why the high selectivity of the
filter brings no associated delay in permeation. We show that the Eisenman
selectivity relation follows directly from the condition of diffusion-limited
conductivity through the filter. We also discuss the effect of wall
fluctuations on the filter conductivity.


title:
The initial boundary value problem for the Boltzmann equation with soft
  potential

abstract:
  Boundary effects are central to the dynamics of the dilute particles governed
by Boltzmann equation. In this paper, we study both the diffuse reflection and
the specular reflection boundary value problems for Boltzmann equation with
soft potential, in which the collision kernel is ruled by the inverse power
law. For the diffuse reflection boundary condition, based on an $L^2$ argument
and its interplay with intricate $L^\infty$ analysis for the linearized
Boltzmann equation, we first establish the global existence and then obtain the
exponential decay in $L^\infty$ space for the nonlinear Boltzmann equation in
general classes of bounded domain. It turns out that the zero lower bound of
the collision frequency and the singularity of the collision kernel lead to
some new difficulties for achieving the {\it a priori} $L^\infty$ estimates and
time decay rates of the solution. In the course of the proof, we capture some
new properties of the probability integrals along the stochastic cycles and
improve the $L^2-L^\infty$ theory to give a more direct approach to overcome
those difficulties. As to the specular reflection condition, our key
contribution is to develop a new time-velocity weighted $L^\infty$ theory so
that we could deal with the greater difficulties stemmed from the complicated
velocity relations among the specular cycles and the zero lower bound of the
collision frequency. From this new point, we are also able to prove the
solutions of the linearized Boltzmann equation tend to equilibrium
exponentially in $L^\infty$ space with the aid of the $L^2$ theory and a
bootstrap argument. These methods in the latter case can be applied to the
Boltzmann equation with soft potential for all other types of boundary
condition.


title: The Boltzmann equation with weakly inhomogeneous data in bounded domain

abstract:
  This paper is concerned with the Boltzmann equation with specular reflection
boundary condition. We construct a unique global solution and obtain its large
time asymptotic behavior in the case that the initial data is close enough to a
radially symmetric homogeneous datum. The result extends the case of Cauchy
problem considered by Arkeryd-Esposito-Pulvirenti [Comm. Math. Phys. 111(3):
393-407 (1987)] to the specular reflection boundary value problem in bounded
domain.


title: A reciprocity formula from abelian BF and Turaev-Viro theories

abstract:
  In this article we show that the use of Deligne-Beilinson cohomology in the
context of the $U(1)$ BF theory on a closed 3-manifold $M$ yields a discrete
$\Z_N$ BF theory whose partition function is an abelian TV invariant of $M$. By
comparing the expectation values of the $U(1)$ and $\mathbb{Z}_N$ holonomies in
both BF theories we obtain a reciprocity formula.


title: No sign (yet) of intergalactic globular clusters in the Local Group

abstract:
  We present Gemini/GMOS imaging of twelve candidate intergalactic globular
clusters (IGCs) in the Local Group, identified in a recent survey of the SDSS
footprint by di Tullio Zinn & Zinn (2015). Our image quality is sufficiently
high, at $\sim 0.4^{\prime\prime} - 0.7^{\prime\prime}$, that we are able to
unambiguously classify all twelve targets as distant galaxies. To reinforce
this conclusion we use GMOS images of globular clusters in the M31 halo, taken
under very similar conditions, to show that any genuine clusters in the
putative IGC sample would be straightforward to distinguish. Based on the
stated sensitivity of the di Tullio Zinn & Zinn (2015) search algorithm, we
conclude that there cannot be a significant number of IGCs with $M_V \le -6$
lying unseen in the SDSS area if their properties mirror those of globular
clusters in the outskirts of M31 -- even a population of $4$ would have only a
$\approx 1\%$ chance of non-detection.


title:
A pair potential that reproduces the shape of isochrones in molecular
  liquids

abstract:
  Many liquids have curves (isomorphs) in their phase diagrams along which
structure, dynamics, and some thermodynamic quantities are invariant in reduced
units. A substantial part of their phase diagrams is thus effectively one
dimensional. The shape of these isomorphs is described by a material-dependent
function of density $h(\rho)$, which for real liquids is well approximated by a
power law $\rho^\gamma$. However, in simulations, a power law is not adequate
when density changes are large; typical models such as the Lennard-Jones liquid
show that $\gamma(\rho) \equiv \mathrm{d} \ln h(\rho)/\mathrm{d} \ln \rho$ is a
decreasing function of density. This paper presents results from computer
simulations using a new pair potential that diverges at a nonzero distance and
can be tuned to give a more realistic shape of $\gamma(\rho)$. Our results
indicate that the finite size of molecules is an important factor to take into
account when modeling liquids over a large density range.

categories: cond-mat.soft cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech physics.chem-ph physics.comp-ph


title: A Mixed Finite Element Method to Solve the EEG Forward Problem

abstract:
  Finite element methods have been shown to achieve high accuracies in
numerically solving the EEG forward problem and they enable the realistic
modeling of complex geometries and important conductive features such as
anisotropic conductivities. To date, most of the presented approaches rely on
the same underlying formulation, the continuous Galerkin (CG)-FEM. In this
article, a novel approach to solve the EEG forward problem based on a mixed
finite element method (Mixed-FEM) is introduced. To obtain the Mixed-FEM
formulation, the electric current is introduced as an additional unknown
besides the electric potential. As a consequence of this derivation, the
Mixed-FEM is, by construction, current preserving, in contrast to the CG-FEM.
Consequently, a higher simulation accuracy can be achieved in certain
scenarios, e.g., when the diameter of thin insulating structures, such as the
skull, is in the range of the mesh resolution.
  A theoretical derivation of the Mixed-FEM approach for EEG forward
simulations is presented, and the algorithms implemented for solving the
resulting equation systems are described. Subsequently, first evaluations in
both sphere and realistic head models are presented, and the results are
compared to previously introduced CG-FEM approaches. Additional visualizations
are shown to illustrate the current preserving property of the Mixed-FEM.
  Based on these results, it is concluded that the newly presented Mixed-FEM
can at least complement and in some scenarios even outperform the established
CG-FEM approaches, which motivates a further evaluation of the Mixed-FEM for
applications in bioelectromagnetism.


title: New Deterministic Approximation Algorithms for Fully Dynamic Matching

abstract:
  We present two deterministic dynamic algorithms for the maximum matching
problem. (1) An algorithm that maintains a $(2+\epsilon)$-approximate maximum
matching in general graphs with $O(\text{poly}(\log n, 1/\epsilon))$ update
time. (2) An algorithm that maintains an $\alpha_K$ approximation of the {\em
value} of the maximum matching with $O(n^{2/K})$ update time in bipartite
graphs, for every sufficiently large constant positive integer $K$. Here,
$1\leq \alpha_K < 2$ is a constant determined by the value of $K$. Result (1)
is the first deterministic algorithm that can maintain an $o(\log
n)$-approximate maximum matching with polylogarithmic update time, improving
the seminal result of Onak et al. [STOC 2010]. Its approximation guarantee
almost matches the guarantee of the best {\em randomized} polylogarithmic
update time algorithm [Baswana et al. FOCS 2011]. Result (2) achieves a
better-than-two approximation with {\em arbitrarily small polynomial} update
time on bipartite graphs. Previously the best update time for this problem was
$O(m^{1/4})$ [Bernstein et al. ICALP 2015], where $m$ is the current number of
edges in the graph.


title:
Track and Transfer: Watching Videos to Simulate Strong Human Supervision
  for Weakly-Supervised Object Detection

abstract:
  The status quo approach to training object detectors requires expensive
bounding box annotations. Our framework takes a markedly different direction:
we transfer tracked object boxes from weakly-labeled videos to weakly-labeled
images to automatically generate pseudo ground-truth boxes, which replace
manually annotated bounding boxes. We first mine discriminative regions in the
weakly-labeled image collection that frequently/rarely appear in the
positive/negative images. We then match those regions to videos and retrieve
the corresponding tracked object boxes. Finally, we design a hough transform
algorithm to vote for the best box to serve as the pseudo GT for each image,
and use them to train an object detector. Together, these lead to
state-of-the-art weakly-supervised detection results on the PASCAL 2007 and
2010 datasets.


title:
On the construction of pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians by means of
  similarity transformations

abstract:
  We generalize a recently proposed approach for the construction of
pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians with real spectra. Present technique is based on
a simple and straightforward similarity transformation of the coordinate and
momentum.


title:
Anelastic sensitivity kernels with parsimonious storage for adjoint
  tomography and full waveform inversion

abstract:
  We introduce a technique to compute exact anelastic sensitivity kernels in
the time domain using parsimonious disk storage. The method is based on a
reordering of the time loop of time-domain forward/adjoint wave propagation
solvers combined with the use of a memory buffer. It avoids instabilities that
occur when time-reversing dissipative wave propagation simulations. The total
number of required time steps is unchanged compared to usual acoustic or
elastic approaches. The cost is reduced by a factor of 4/3 compared to the case
in which anelasticity is partially accounted for by accommodating the effects
of physical dispersion. We validate our technique by performing a test in which
we compare the $K_\alpha$ sensitivity kernel to the exact kernel obtained by
saving the entire forward calculation. This benchmark confirms that our
approach is also exact. We illustrate the importance of including full
attenuation in the calculation of sensitivity kernels by showing significant
differences with physical-dispersion-only kernels.


title:
$L^p$ concentration estimates for the Laplacian eigenfunctions near
  submanifolds

abstract:
  We study $L^p$ bounds on spectral projections for the Laplace operator on
compact Riemannian manifolds, restricted to small frequency dependent
neighborhoods of submanifolds. In particular, if $\lambda$ is a frequency and
the size of the neigborhood is $\mathcal{O}(\lambda^{-\delta})$, then new sharp
estimates are established when $\delta\ge 1$, while for $0\le \delta\le 1/2$,
Sogge's estimates turn out to be optimal. In the intermediate region
$1/2<\delta<1$, we sometimes get sharp estimates as well. Our arguments follow
closely a recent work by Burq and Zuily.


title:
Homologous Jet-Driven Coronal Mass Ejections From Solar Active Region
  12192

abstract:
  We report observations of homologous coronal jets and their coronal mass
ejections (CMEs) observed by instruments onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory
(SDO) and Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft. The homologous
jets originated from a location with emerging and canceling magnetic field at
the southeast edge of the giant active region (AR) of 2014 October, NOAA 12192.
This AR produced in its interior many non-jet major flare eruptions (X and M
class) that made no CME. During 20-27 October, in contrast to the major-flare
eruptions in the interior, six of the homologous jets from the edge resulted in
CMEs. Each jet-driven CME( ~200-300 kms) was slower-moving than most CMEs; had
angular width (20-50 degree) comparable to that of the base of a coronal
streamer straddling the AR; and was of the `streamer-puff' variety, whereby the
preexisting streamer was transiently inflated but not destroyed by the passage
of the CME. Much of the transition-region-temperature plasma in the
CME-producing jets escaped from the Sun, whereas relatively more of the
transition-region plasma in non-CME-producing jets fell back to the solar
surface. Also, the CME-producing jets tended to be faster and longer-lasting
than the non-CME-producing jets. Our observations imply: each jet and CME
resulted from reconnection opening of twisted field that erupted from the jet
base; and the erupting field did not become a plasmoid as previously envisioned
for streamer-puff CMEs, but instead the jet-guiding streamer-base loop was
blown out by the loop's twist from the reconnection.


title: Multidimensional matching

abstract:
  We present a general analysis of multidimensional matching problems with
transferable utility, paying particular attention to the case in which the
dimensions of heterogeneity on the two sides of the market are unequal. A
particular emphasis is put on problems where agents on one side of the market
are multidimensional and agents on the other side are uni-dimensional, we
describe a general approach to solve such problems. Lastly, we analyze several
examples, including an hedonic model with differentiated products, a marriage
market model where wives are differentiated in income and fertility, and a
competitive variation of the Rochet-Chon\'e problem. In the latter example, we
show that the bunching phenomena, observed by Rochet and Chon\'e in the
monopoly context, do not occur in the competitive context


title: Generalized mass ordering degeneracy in neutrino oscillation experiments

abstract:
  We consider the impact of neutral-current (NC) non-standard neutrino
interactions (NSI) on the determination of the neutrino mass ordering. We show
that in presence of NSI there is an exact degeneracy which makes it impossible
to determine the neutrino mass ordering and the octant of the solar mixing
angle $\theta_{12}$ at oscillation experiments. The degeneracy holds at the
probability level and for arbitrary matter density profiles, and hence, solar,
atmospheric, reactor, and accelerator neutrino experiments are affected
simultaneously. The degeneracy requires order-one corrections from NSI to the
NC neutrino--quark interaction and can be tested in neutrino--nucleus NC
scattering experiments.


title: Resource Allocation in Heterogeneous Networks: eICIC Approach

abstract:
  Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) are introduced by the 3GPP as an emerging
technology to provide high network coverage and capacity. The HetNets are the
combination of multilayer networks such as macrocell, small cell (picocell and
femtocell) networks. In such networks, users may suffer significant cross-layer
interference. To manage the interference the 3GPP has introduced Enhanced
Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (eICIC) techniques, Almost Blank SubFrame
(ABSF) is one of the time-domain technique in the eICIC solutions. In this
thesis, we propose a dynamically optimal ABSF framework to enhance the small
cell user downlink performance while maintains the macro user downlink
performance. We also study the mechanism to help the small cell base stations
cooperate efficiently in order to reduce the mutual interference. Via numerical
results, our proposed scheme achieves a significant performance and outperforms
the existing ABSF frameworks in terms of user throughput and outage
probability.


title:
The 750 GeV diphoton excess in a two Higgs doublet model and a singlet
  scalar model, with vector-like fermions, unitarity constraints, and dark
  matter implications

abstract:
  We explore the possibility of a beyond the standard model scalar ($\phi$) as
a possible explanation of the diphoton resonance at 750~GeV invariant mass
reported by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the large hadron collider
(LHC). We first present in a model-independent way the scalar-gluon-gluon and
scalar-photon-photon effective couplings needed for obtaining the required
diphoton cross-section at the LHC for different total widths. We investigate
here two new-physics possibilities that can generate these effective couplings,
namely, (i) the 2-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) in the alignment limit, and (ii) a
singlet scalar, with vector-like fermions added and playing a crucial role in
generating the effective couplings. We present the regions of model parameter
space which are allowed by direct LHC and perturbative unitarity constraints,
and that give the required diphoton cross-section at the LHC for various total
widths. In the singlet case, we include the possibility that $\phi$ decays into
a pair of neutral stable vector-like fermions that could be dark matter. We
find regions of parameter-space of the singlet model that gives the required
diphoton rate, have the correct dark matter relic-density, have dark matter
direct-detection rates compatible with current direct-detection experiments,
and satisfy LHC bounds and perturbative unitarity constraints.


title:
Path integral methods for the dynamics of stochastic and disordered
  systems

abstract:
  We review some of the techniques used to study the dynamics of disordered
systems subject to both quenched and fast (thermal) noise. Starting from the
Martin-Siggia-Rose path integral formalism for a single variable stochastic
dynamics, we provide a pedagogical survey of the perturbative, i.e.
diagrammatic, approach to dynamics and how this formalism can be used for
studying soft spin models. We review the supersymmetric formulation of the
Langevin dynamics of these models and discuss the physical implications of the
supersymmetry. We also describe the key steps involved in studying the
disorder-averaged dynamics. Finally, we discuss the path integral approach for
the case of hard Ising spins and review some recent developments in the
dynamics of such kinetic Ising models.


title:
Interpretation of astrophysical neutrinos observed by IceCube experiment
  by setting Galactic and extra-Galactic spectral components

abstract:
  The last IceCube catalog of High Energy Starting Events (HESE) obtained with
a livetime of 1347 days comprises 54 neutrino events equally-distributed
between the three families with energies between 25 TeV and few PeVs.
Considering the homogeneous flavors distribution (1:1:1) and the spectral
features of these neutrinos the IceCube collaboration claims the astrophysical
origin of these events with more than $5\sigma$. The spatial distribution of
cited events does not show a clear correlation with known astrophysical
accelerators leaving opened both the Galactic and the extra-Galactic origin
interpretations. Here, we compute the neutrino diffuse emission of our Galaxy
on the basis of a recently proposed phenomenological model characterized by
radially-dependent cosmic-ray (CR) transport properties. We show that the
astrophysical spectrum measured by IceCube experiment can be well explained
adding to the diffuse Galactic neutrino flux (obtained with this new model) a
extra-Galactic component derived from the astrophysical muonic neutrinos
reconstructed in the Northern hemisphere. A good agreement between the expected
astrophysical neutrino flux and the IceCube data is found for the full sky as
well as for the Galactic plane region.


title: On Parameters of Subfield Subcodes of Extended Norm-Trace Codes

abstract:
  In this article we describe how to find the parameters of subfield subcodes
of extended Norm--Trace codes. With a Gr\"obner basis of the ideal of the
$\mathbb{F}_{q^r}$ rational points of the Norm--Trace curve one can determine
the dimension of the subfield subcodes or the dimension of the trace code. We
also find a BCH--like bound from the minimum distance of the original
supercode.

categories: math.AG cs.IT math.AC math.CO math.IT math.NT


title: Turning the LHC Ring into a New Physics Search Machine

abstract:
  By combining the LHC Beam Loss Monitoring (BLM) system with the LHC
experiments, a powerful search machine for new physics beyond the standard
model can be realised. The pair of final state protons in the central
production process, exit the LHC beam vacuum chamber at locations determined by
their fractional momentum losses and will be detected by the BLM detectors. By
mapping out the coincident pairs of the BLM identified proton candidates around
the four LHC interaction regions, a scan for centrally produced particle states
can be made independently of their decay modes.


title:
Correlations Induced by Depressing Synapses in Critically Self-Organized
  Networks with Quenched Dynamics

abstract:
  In a recent work, mean-field analysis and computer simulations were employed
to analyze critical self-organization in networks of excitable cellular
automata where randomly chosen synapses in the network were depressed after
each spike (the so-called annealed dynamics). Calculations agree with
simulations of the annealed version, showing that the nominal \textit{branching
ratio\/} $\sigma$ converges to unity in the thermodynamic limit, as expected of
a self-organized critical system. However, the question remains whether the
same results apply to the biological case where only the synapses of firing
neurons are depressed (the so-called quenched dynamics). We show that
simulations of the quenched model yield significant deviations from $\sigma=1$
due to spatial correlations. However, the model is shown to be critical, as the
largest eigenvalue of the synaptic matrix approaches unity in the thermodynamic
limit, that is, $\lambda_c = 1$ . We also study the finite size effects near
the critical state as a function of the parameters of the synaptic dynamics.


title:
The UV-optical Color Gradients in Star-Forming Galaxies at 0.5<z<1.5:
  Origins and Link to Galaxy Assembly

abstract:
  The rest-frame UV-optical (i.e., NUV-B) color index is sensitive to the
low-level recent star formation and dust extinction, but it is insensitive to
the metallicity. In this Letter, we have measured the rest-frame NUV-B color
gradients in ~1400 large ($\rm r_e>0.18^{\prime\prime}$), nearly face-on
(b/a>0.5) main-sequence star-forming galaxies (SFGs) between redshift 0.5 and
1.5 in the CANDELS/GOODS-S and UDS fields. With this sample, we study the
origin of UV-optical color gradients in the SFGs at z~1 and discuss their link
with the buildup of stellar mass. We find that the more massive, centrally
compact, and more dust extinguished SFGs tend to have statistically more
negative raw color gradients (redder centers) than the less massive, centrally
diffuse, and less dusty SFGs. After correcting for dust reddening based on
optical-SED fitting, the color gradients in the low-mass ($M_{\ast}
<10^{10}M_{\odot}$) SFGs generally become quite flat, while most of the
high-mass ($M_{\ast} > 10^{10.5}M_{\odot}$) SFGs still retain shallow negative
color gradients. These findings imply that dust reddening is likely the
principal cause of negative color gradients in the low-mass SFGs, while both
increased central dust reddening and buildup of compact old bulges are likely
the origins of negative color gradients in the high-mass SFGs. These findings
also imply that at these redshifts the low-mass SFGs buildup their stellar
masses in a self-similar way, while the high-mass SFGs grow inside out.


title:
What we write about when we write about causality: Features of causal
  statements across large-scale social discourse

abstract:
  Identifying and communicating relationships between causes and effects is
important for understanding our world, but is affected by language structure,
cognitive and emotional biases, and the properties of the communication medium.
Despite the increasing importance of social media, much remains unknown about
causal statements made online. To study real-world causal attribution, we
extract a large-scale corpus of causal statements made on the Twitter social
network platform as well as a comparable random control corpus. We compare
causal and control statements using statistical language and sentiment analysis
tools. We find that causal statements have a number of significant lexical and
grammatical differences compared with controls and tend to be more negative in
sentiment than controls. Causal statements made online tend to focus on news
and current events, medicine and health, or interpersonal relationships, as
shown by topic models. By quantifying the features and potential biases of
causality communication, this study improves our understanding of the accuracy
of information and opinions found online.


title: Nanofiber-based all-optical switches

abstract:
  We study all-optical switches operating on a single four-level atom with the
$N$-type transition configuration in a two-mode nanofiber cavity with a
significant length (on the order of $20$ mm) and a moderate finesse (on the
order of 300) under the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)
conditions. In our model, the gate and probe fields are the quantum
nanofiber-cavity fields excited by weak classical light pulses, and the
parameters of the $D_2$ line of atomic cesium are used. We examine two
different switching schemes. The first scheme is based on the effect of the
presence of a photon in the gate mode on the EIT of the probe mode. The second
scheme is based on the use of EIT to store a photon of the gate mode in the
population of an appropriate atomic level, which leads to the reduction of the
transmission of the field in the probe mode. We investigate the dependencies of
the switching contrast on various parameters, such as the cavity length, the
mirror reflectivity, and the detunings and powers of the cavity driving field
pulses. For a nanofiber cavity with fiber radius of 250 nm, cavity length of 20
mm, and cavity finesse of 313 and a cesium atom at a distance of 200 nm from
the fiber surface, we numerically obtain a switching contrast on the order of
about 67% for the first scheme and of about 95% for the second scheme. These
switching operations require small mean numbers of photons in the nanofiber
cavity gate and probe modes.


title:
Landau damping in finite regularity for unconfined systems with screened
  interactions

abstract:
  We prove Landau damping for the collisionless Vlasov equation with a class of
$L^1$ interaction potentials (including the physical case of screened Coulomb
interactions) on $\mathbb R^3_x \times \mathbb R^3_v$ for localized
disturbances of an infinite, homogeneous background. Unlike the confined case
$\mathbb T^3_x \times \mathbb R_v^3$, results are obtained for initial data in
Sobolev spaces (as well as Gevrey and analytic classes). For spatial
frequencies bounded away from zero, the Landau damping of the density is
similar to the confined case. The finite regularity is possible due to an
additional dispersive mechanism available on $\mathbb R_x^3$ which reduces the
strength of the plasma echo resonance.


title:
Seed population in large Solar Energetic Particle events and the
  twin-CME scenario

abstract:
  It has been recently suggested that large solar energetic particle (SEP)
events are often caused by twin CMEs. In the twin-CME scenario, the preceding
CME is to provide both an enhanced turbulence level and enhanced seed
population at the main CME-driven shock. In this work, we study the effect of
the preceding CMEs on the seed population. We examine event-integrated
abundance of iron to oxygen ratio (Fe/O) at energies above 25 MeV/nuc for large
SEP events in solar cycle 23. We find that the Fe/O ratio (normalized to the
reference coronal value of $0.134$) $\leq2.0$ for almost all single-CME events
and these events tend to have smaller peak intensities. In comparison, the Fe/O
ratio of twin-CME events scatters in a larger range, reaching as high as $8$,
suggesting the presence of flare material from perhaps preceding flares. For
extremely large SEP events with peak intensity above $1000$ pfu, the Fe/O drop
below $2$, indicating that in these extreme events the seed particles are
dominated by coronal material than flare material. The Fe/O ratios of Ground
level enhancement (GLE) events, all being twin-CME events, scatter in a broad
range. For a given Fe/O ratio, GLE events tend to have larger peak intensities
than non-GLE events. Using velocity dispersion analysis (VDA), we find that GLE
events have lower solar particle release (SPR) heights than non-GLE events,
\red{agreeing with earlier results by Reames 2009b.


title: Scalar - vector soliton fiber lasers

abstract:
  Rapid progress in passively mode-locked fiber lasers is currently driven by
the recent discovery of vector feature of mode-locking pulses, namely, the
group velocity-locked vector solitons, the phase locked vector solitons, and
the high-order vector solitons. Those vector solitons are fundamentally
different from the previously known scalar solitons. Here, we report a fiber
laser where the mode-locked pulse evolves as a vector soliton in the strong
birefringent segment and is transformed into a regular scalar soliton after the
polarizer within the laser cavity. The existence of solutions in a
polarization-dependent cavity comprising a periodic combination of two distinct
nonlinear waves is novel and likely to be applicable to various other nonlinear
systems. For very large local birefringence, our laser approaches the working
regime of vector soliton lasers, while it approaches scalar soliton fiber
lasers under the conditions of very small birefringence.


title:
On the identification of time interval threshold in the twin-CME
  scenario

abstract:
  Recently it has been suggested that the "twin-CME" scenario Li.etal2012 may
be a very effective mechanism in causing extreme Solar Energetic Particle (SEP)
events and in particular Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) events. Ding.etal2013
performed a statistical examination of the twin-CME scenario with a total of
$126$ fast and wide western Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). They found that CMEs
having a preceding CME with a speed $>$ 300 $km/s$ within $9$ hours from the
same active region have larger probability of leading to large SEP events than
CMEs that do not have preceding CMEs. The choice of $9$ hours being the time
lag $\tau$ between the preceding CME and the main CME was based on some crude
estimates of the decay time of the turbulence downstream of the shock driven by
the preceding CME. In this work, we examine this choice. For the $126$ fast
wide CMEs examined in Ding.etal2013, we vary the time lag $\tau$ from $1$ hour
to $24$ hours with an increment of $1$ hour. By considering three quantities
whose values depend on the choice of this time lag $\tau$, we show that the
choice of $13$ hours for $\tau$ is more appropriate. Our study confirms our
earlier result that twin CMEs are more likely to lead to large SEP events than
single fast CMEs. The results shown here are of great relevance to space
weather studies.


title: On Densities for Solutions to Stochastic Fixed Point Equations

abstract:
  We consider systems of stochastic fixed-point equations that arise in the
asymptotic analysis of random recursive structures and algorithms such as
Quicksort, generalized P\'olya urn processes and path lengths of random
recursive trees and split trees. Based on an approach of Fill and Janson for
the analysis of the Quicksort-limit, the main result of this paper is the
existence of bounded, smooth, rapidly decreasing density functions for limits
given by these kinds of limit equations.


title: Entangling and assisted entangling power of bipartite unitary operations

abstract:
  Nonlocal unitary operations can create quantum entanglement between
distributed particles, and the quantification of created entanglement is a hard
problem. It corresponds to the concepts of entangling and assisted entangling
power when the input states are, respectively, product and arbitrary pure
states. We analytically derive them for Schmidt-rank-two bipartite unitary and
some complex bipartite permutation unitaries. In particular, the entangling
power of permutation unitary of Schmidt rank three can take only one of two
values: $\log_2 9 - 16/9$ or $\log_2 3$ ebits. The entangling power, assisted
entangling power and disentangling power of $2\times d_B$ permutation unitaries
of Schmidt rank four are all $2$ ebits. These quantities are also derived for
generalized Clifford operators. We further show that any bipartite permutation
unitary of Schmidt rank greater than two has entangling power greater than
$1.223$ ebits. We construct the generalized controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates whose
assisted entangling power reaches the maximum. We quantitatively compare the
entangling power and assisted entangling power for general bipartite unitaries,
and study their connection to the disentangling power. We also propose a
probabilistic protocol for implementing bipartite unitaries.


title: A massive molecular outflow in the dense dust core AGAL G337.916-00.477

abstract:
  Massive molecular outflows erupting from high-mass young stellar objects
provide important clues to understanding the mechanism of high-mass star
formation. Based on new CO J=3-2 and J=1-0 observations using the Atacama
Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE) and Mopra telescope facilities, we
discovered a massive bipolar outflow associated with the dense dust core
AGALG337.916-00.477 (AGAL337.9-S), located 3.48 kpc from the Sun. The outflow
lobes have extensions of less than 1 pc -and thus were not fully resolved in
the angular resolutions of ASTE and Mopra- and masses of 35-40 M_sun. The
maximum velocities of the outflow lobes are as high as 35-40 km/s. Our analysis
of the infrared and sub-mm data indicates that AGAL337.9-S is in an early
evolutionary stage of the high-mass star formation, having the total
far-infrared luminosity of ~5x10^4 L_sun. We also found that another dust core
AGALG337.922-00.456 (AGAL337.9-N) located 2' north of AGAL337.9-S is a
high-mass young stellar object in an earlier evolutional stage than
AGAL337.9-S, although it is less bright in the mid-infrared than AGAL337.9-S.


title:
Position Prediction of Ball and Fuzzy Controller for Shooting Action in
  A Soccer Robot System

abstract:
  The robot soccer game based complex motion control has been widely studied
for the moving object capture and shooting. A position prediction algorithm
based on global vision is introduced in order to improve the accuracy and
robustness of the vision system for tracking moving objects, including a
Kalmanfiter, a dynamic window and an obstacle avoidance strategy. This paper
deals with the positon prediction for moving ball by using Kalmanfiter and the
Fuzzy Controller for shooting action in a dynamic environment.


title: Procedural urban environments for FPS games

abstract:
  This paper presents a novel approach to procedural generation of urban maps
for First Person Shooter (FPS) games. A multi-agent evolutionary system is
employed to place streets, buildings and other items inside the Unity3D game
engine, resulting in playable video game levels. A computational agent is
trained using machine learning techniques to capture the intent of the game
designer as part of the multi-agent system, and to enable a semi-automated
aesthetic selection for the underlying genetic algorithm.


title:
Multi-agent evolutionary systems for the generation of complex virtual
  worlds

abstract:
  Modern films, games and virtual reality applications are dependent on
convincing computer graphics. Highly complex models are a requirement for the
successful delivery of many scenes and environments. While workflows such as
rendering, compositing and animation have been streamlined to accommodate
increasing demands, modelling complex models is still a laborious task. This
paper introduces the computational benefits of an Interactive Genetic Algorithm
(IGA) to computer graphics modelling while compensating the effects of user
fatigue, a common issue with Interactive Evolutionary Computation. An
intelligent agent is used in conjunction with an IGA that offers the potential
to reduce the effects of user fatigue by learning from the choices made by the
human designer and directing the search accordingly. This workflow accelerates
the layout and distribution of basic elements to form complex models. It
captures the designer's intent through interaction, and encourages playful
discovery.


title:
Reinventing the Arcade: Computer Game Mediated Play Spaces for Physical
  Interaction

abstract:
  This paper suggests that recent developments in video game technology have
occurred in parallel to play being moved from public into private spaces, which
has had impact on the way people interact with games. The paper also argues and
that there is potentially value in the creation of public play spaces to create
opportunities to utilise both technology and body for the benefit of community
culture and experiences through gaming. Co-located social gaming coupled with
tangible interfaces offer alternative possibilities for the local video game
scene. This paper includes a descriptive account of Rabble Room Arcade, an
experimental social event combining custom-built tangible interface devices and
multiplayer video games. The event was designed around games that promoted a
return to simplicity through the use of unique tangible controllers to allow
casual gamers to connect to the game and to each other, whilst also
transforming the event into a spectacle.


title:
Three-Dimensional Distribution of the ISM in the Milky Way Galaxy: IV.
  3D Molecular Fraction and Galactic-Scale HI-to-H$_2$ Transition

abstract:
  Three dimensional (3D) distribution of the volume-density molecular fraction,
defined by fmol_rho=rho_H2/(rho_HI + rho_H2), is studied in the Milky Way
Galaxy. The molecular front appears at galacto-centric distance of R \sim 8
kpc, where the phase transition from atomic to molecular hydrogen occurs
suddenly with fmol_rho dropping from \sim 0.8 to 0.2 within a radial interval
as narrow as \sim 0.5 kpc. The front in fmol_rho is much sharper than that for
surface density molecular fraction. The front also appears in the vertical
direction with a full width of the high-fmol_rho disk to be \sim 100 pc. The
radial and vertical fmol_rho profiles, particularly the front behaviors, are
fitted by theoretical curves calculated using the observed density profile and
assumed radiation field and metallicity with exponential gradients. The
molecular fraction was found to be enhanced along the Perseus and some other
spiral arms. The fmol_rho arms imply that the molecular clouds are produced
from HI gas in the spiral arms and are dissociated in the interarm region. We
also show that there is a threshold HI density over which the gas is
transformed into molecules.


title: Discrete fluctuations in memory erasure without energy cost

abstract:
  According to Landauer's principle, erasing one bit of information incurs a
minimum energy cost. Recently, Vaccaro and Barnett (VB) explored information
erasure within the context of generalized Gibbs ensembles and demonstrated that
for energy-degenerate spin reservoirs, the cost of erasure can be solely in
terms of a minimum amount of spin angular momentum and no energy. As opposed to
the Landauer case, the cost of erasure in this case is associated with the
discrete variable.
  Here we study the {\it discrete} fluctuations in this cost and the
probability of violation of the VB bound. We also obtain a Jarzynski-like
equality for the VB erasure protocol. We find that the fluctuations below the
VB bound are exponentially suppressed at a far greater rate and more tightly
than for an equivalent Jarzynski expression for VB erasure. We expose a
trade-off between the size of the fluctuations and the cost of erasure. We find
that the discrete nature of the fluctuations is pronounced in the regime where
reservoir spins are maximally polarized. We also state the first laws of
thermodynamics corresponding to the conservation of spin angular momentum for
this particular erasure protocol. Our work will be important for novel heat
engines based on information erasure schemes that do not incur an energy cost.


title:
Prime factorization using quantum annealing and computational algebraic
  geometry

abstract:
  We investigate prime factorization from two perspectives: quantum annealing
and computational algebraic geometry, specifically Gr\"obner bases. We present
a novel scalable algorithm which combines the two approaches and leads to the
factorization of all bi-primes up to just over $200 \, 000$, the largest number
factored to date using a quantum processor.


title:
Towards the Holodeck: Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Visualisation of
  Scientific and Engineering Data

abstract:
  In this paper, we describe the development and operating principles of an
immersive virtual reality (VR) visualisation environment that is designed
around the use of consumer VR headsets in an existing wide area motion capture
suite. We present two case studies in the application areas of visualisation of
scientific and engineering data. Each of these case studies utilise a different
render engine, namely a custom engine for one case and a commercial game engine
for the other. The advantages and appropriateness of each approach are
discussed along with suggestions for future work.


title:
Dipolar matter-wave solitons in two-dimensional anisotropic discrete
  lattices

abstract:
  We numerically demonstrate two-dimensional (2D) matter-wave solitons in the
disk-shaped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) trapped in strongly
anisotropic optical lattices (OLs) in a disk's plane. The considered OLs are
square lattices which can be formed by interfering two pairs of plane waves
with different intensities. The hopping rates of the condensates between two
adjacent lattices in the orthogonal directions are different, which gives rise
to a linearly anisotropic system. We find that when the polarized orientation
of the dipoles is parallel to disk's plane with the same direction, the
combined effects of the linearly anisotropy and the nonlocal nonlinear
anisotropy strongly influence the formations, as well as the dynamics of the
lattice solitons. Particularly, the isotropy-pattern solitons (IPSs) are found
when these combined effects reach a balance. Motion, collision and rotation of
the IPSs are also studied in detail by means of systematic simulations. We
further find that these IPSs can move freely in the 2D anisotropic discrete
system, hence giving rise to an anisotropic effective mass. Four types of
collisions between the IPSs are identified. By rotating an external magnetic
field up to a critical angular velocity, the IPSs can still remain localized
and play as a breather. Finally, the influences from the combined effects
between the linear and the nonlocal nonlinear anisotropy with consideration of
the contact/local nonlinearity are discussed too.


title: Mainstreaming video annotation software for critical video analysis

abstract:
  The range of video annotation software currently available is set within
commercially specialized professions, distributed via outdated sources or
through online video hosting services. As video content becomes an increasingly
significant tool for analysis, there is a demand for appropriate digital
annotation techniques that offer equivalent functionality to tools used for
annotation of text based literature sources. This paper argues for the
importance of video annotating as an effective method for research that is as
accessible as literature annotation is. Video annotation has been shown to
trigger higher learning and engagement but research struggles to explain the
absence of video annotation in contemporary structures of education practice.
In both academic and informal settings the use of video playback as a
meaningful tool of analysis is apparent, yet the availability of supplementary
annotation software is not within obvious grasp or even prevalent in
standardized computer software. Practical software tools produced by the
researcher have demonstrated effective video annotation in a short development
time. With software design programs available for rapid application creation,
this paper also highlights the absence of a development community. This paper
argues that video annotation is an accessible tool, not just for academic
contexts, but also for wider practical video analysis applications, potentially
becoming a mainstream learning tool. This paper thus presents a practical
multimodal public approach to video research that potentially affords a deeper
analysis of media content. This is supported by an in-depth consideration of
the motivation for undertaking video annotation and a critical analysis of
currently available tools.


title: A Deep Neural Network for Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution

abstract:
  Existing approaches for Chinese zero pronoun resolution overlook semantic
information. This is because zero pronouns have no descriptive information,
which results in difficulty in explicitly capturing their semantic similarities
with antecedents. Moreover, when dealing with candidate antecedents,
traditional systems simply take advantage of the local information of a single
candidate antecedent while failing to consider the underlying information
provided by the other candidates from a global perspective. To address these
weaknesses, we propose a novel zero pronoun-specific neural network, which is
capable of representing zero pronouns by utilizing the contextual information
at the semantic level. In addition, when dealing with candidate antecedents, a
two-level candidate encoder is employed to explicitly capture both the local
and global information of candidate antecedents. We conduct experiments on the
Chinese portion of the OntoNotes 5.0 corpus. Experimental results show that our
approach substantially outperforms the state-of-the-art method in various
experimental settings.


title:
$n$-quivers and A Universal Investigation of $n$-representations of
  Quivers

abstract:
  We have two parallel goals of this paper. First, we investigate and construct
cofree coalgebras over $n$-representations of quivers, limits and colimits of
$n$-representations of quivers, and limits and colimits of coalgebras in the
monoidal categories of $n$-representations of quivers. Second, we introduce a
generalization for quivers and show that this generalization can be seen as
essentially the same as $n$-representations of quivers. This is significantly
important because it allows us to build a new quiver $\mathscr{Q}_{\!_{(\Qq_1,
\Qq_2,..., \Qq_n)}}$, called $n$-quiver, from any given quivers
$\Qq_1,\Qq_2,...,\Qq_n$, and enable us to identify each category $Rep_k(\Qq_j)$
of representations of a quiver $\Qq_j$ as a full subcategory of the category
$Rep_k(\mathscr{Q}_{\!_{(\Qq_1, \Qq_2,..., \Qq_n)}})$ of representations of
$\mathscr{Q}_{\!_{(\Qq_1, \Qq_2,..., \Qq_n)}}$ for every $j \in
\{1,\,\,2,\,\,..., \,\,n\}$.


title:
Calibration of the K-Profile Parameterization of ocean boundary layer
  mixing. Part I: Development

abstract:
  In model comparisons with observational data, not all data contain
information that is useful for answering a specific science question. If
non-relevant or highly uncertain data are included in a comparison metric, they
can reduce the significance of other observations that matter for the
scientific process of interest. Sources of noise and correlations among summed
quantities within a comparison metric affect the significance of a signal that
is useful for testing model skill. In the setting of the tropical Pacific, we
introduce an "inquiry dependent" (ID) metric of model-data comparison that
determines the relative importance of the TOGA-TAO buoy observations of the
ocean temperature, salinity, and horizontal currents for influencing
upper-ocean vertical turbulent mixing as represented by the K-Profile
Parameterization (KPP) embedded in the MIT general circulation model (MITgcm)
for the 2004-2007 time period. The ID metric addresses a challenge that the
wind forcing is likely a more significant source of uncertainty for the ocean
state than the turbulence itself, and that the observations are correlated in
time, space, and across ocean state variables. In this approach the MITgcm is
used to infer variability and relationships in and among the data, and to
determine the response structures that are most relevant for constraining
uncertain parameters. We demonstrate that the ID metric is able to distinguish
the effects due to parameter perturbations from those due to uncertain winds
and that it is important to include multiple kinds of data in the comparison,
suggesting that the ID metric is appropriate for use in a calibration of the
KPP model parameters using mooring observations of the ocean state.


title:
Design and Analysis of Dynamic Auto Scaling Algorithm (DASA) for 5G
  Mobile Networks

abstract:
  Network Function Virtualization (NFV) enables mobile operators to virtualize
their network entities as Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs), offering
fine-grained on-demand network capabilities. VNFs can be dynamically
scale-in/out to meet the performance requirements for future 5G networks.
However, designing an auto-scaling algorithm with low operation cost and low
latency while considering the capacity of legacy network equipment is a
challenge. In this paper, we propose a VNF Dynamic Auto Scaling Algorithm
(DASA) considering the tradeoff between performance and operation cost. We also
develop an analytical model to quantify the tradeoff and validate the analysis
through extensive simulations. The system is modeled as a queueing model while
legacy network equipment is considered as a reserved block of servers. The VNF
instances are powered on and off according to the number of job requests. The
results show that the proposed DASA can significantly reduce operation cost
given the latency upper-bound. Moreover, the models provide a quick way to
evaluate the cost-performance tradeoff without wide deployment, which can save
cost and time.


title:
Metal-Insulator Transition of Solid Hydrogen by the Antisymmetric Shadow
  Wave Function

abstract:
  We revisit the pressure-induced metal-insulator-transition of solid hydrogen
by means of variational quantum Monte Carlo simulations based on the
antisymmetric shadow wave function. In order to facilitate studying the
electronic structure of large-scale fermionic systems, the shadow wave function
formalism is extended by a series of technical improvements, such as a revised
optimization method for the employed shadow wave function and an enhanced
treatment of periodic systems with long-range interactions. It is found that
the superior accuracy of the antisymmetric shadow wave function results in a
significantly increased transition pressure.

categories: physics.comp-ph cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.supr-con quant-ph


title:
Herschel/HIFI Spectral Mapping of C$^+$, CH$^+$, and CH in Orion BN/KL:
  The Prevailing Role of Ultraviolet Irradiation in CH$^+$ Formation

abstract:
  The CH$^+$ ion is a key species in the initial steps of interstellar carbon
chemistry. Its formation in diverse environments where it is observed is not
well understood, however, because the main production pathway is so endothermic
(4280 K) that it is unlikely to proceed at the typical temperatures of
molecular clouds. We investigation CH$^+$ formation with the first
velocity-resolved spectral mapping of the CH$^+$ $J=1-0, 2-1$ rotational
transitions, three sets of CH $\Lambda$-doubled triplet lines, $^{12}$C$^+$ and
$^{13}$C$^+$, and CH$_3$OH 835~GHz E-symmetry Q branch transitions, obtained
with Herschel/HIFI over $\approx$12 arcmin$^2$ centered on the Orion BN/KL
source. We present the spatial morphologies and kinematics, cloud boundary
conditions, excitation temperatures, column densities, and $^{12}$C$^+$ optical
depths. Emission from C$^+$, CH$^+$, and CH is indicated to arise in the
diluted gas, outside of the explosive, dense BN/KL outflow. Our models show
that UV-irradiation provides favorable conditions for steady-state production
of CH$^+$ in this environment. Surprisingly, no spatial or kinematic
correspondences of these species are found with H$_2$ S(1) emission tracing
shocked gas in the outflow. We propose that C$^+$ is being consumed by rapid
production of CO to explain the lack of C$^+$ and CH$^+$ in the outflow, and
that fluorescence provides the reservoir of H$_2$ excited to higher
ro-vibrational and rotational levels. Hence, in star-forming environments
containing sources of shocks and strong UV radiation, a description of CH$^+$
formation and excitation conditions is incomplete without including the
important --- possibly dominant --- role of UV irradiation.


title: Differential equations associated with Lambda-Changhee polynomials

abstract:
  In this paper, we study linear differential equations arising from $\lambda$-
Changhee polynomials (or called degenerate Changhee polynomials) and give some
explicit and new identities for the $\lambda$-Changhee polynomials associated
with linear differential equations.


title: The global warming of group satellite galaxies

abstract:
  Recent studies adopting $\lambda_{\rm Re}$, a proxy for specific angular
momentum, have highlighted how early-type galaxies (ETGs) are composed of two
kinematic classes for which distinct formation mechanisms can be inferred. With
upcoming surveys expected to obtain $\lambda_{\rm Re}$ from a broad range of
environments (e.g. SAMI, MaNGA), we investigate in this numerical study how the
$\lambda_{\rm Re}$-$\epsilon_{\rm e}$ distribution of fast-rotating dwarf
satellite galaxies reflects their evolutionary state. By combining N-body/SPH
simulations of progenitor disc galaxies (stellar mass $\simeq$10$^{\rm 9}$
M$_{\odot}$), their cosmologically-motivated sub-halo infall history and a
characteristic group orbit/potential, we demonstrate the evolution of a
satellite ETG population driven by tidal interactions (e.g. harassment). As a
general result, these satellites remain intrinsically fast-rotating oblate
stellar systems since their infall as early as $z=2$; mis-identifications as
slow rotators often arise due to a bar/spiral lifecycle which plays an integral
role in their evolution. Despite the idealistic nature of its construction, our
mock $\lambda_{\rm Re}$-$\epsilon_{\rm e}$ distribution at $z<0.1$ reproduces
its observational counterpart from the ATLAS$^{\rm 3D}$/SAURON projects. We
predict therefore how the observed $\lambda_{\rm Re}$-$\epsilon_{\rm e}$
distribution of a group evolves according to these ensemble tidal interactions.


title: The Detection of Dust around NN Ser

abstract:
  Eclipse timing variations observed from the post common-envelope binary
(PCEB) NN Ser offer strong evidence in favour of circumbinary planets existing
around PCEBs. If real, these planets may be accompanied by a disc of dust. We
here present the ALMA detection of flux at 1.3 mm from NN Ser, which is likely
due to thermal emission from a dust disc of mass $\sim0.8\pm0.2\,M_{\oplus}$.
We performed simulations of the history of NN Ser to determine possible origins
of this dust, and conclude that the most likely origin is, in fact,
common-envelope material which was not expelled from the system and instead
formed a circumbinary disc. These discs have been predicted by theory but
previously remained undetected. While the presence of this dust does not prove
the existence of planets around NN Ser, it adds credibility to the possibility
of planets forming from common-envelope material in a 'second-generation'
scenario.


title: Improving the Lieb-Robinson bound for long-range interactions

abstract:
  We improve the Lieb-Robinson bound for a wide class of quantum many-body
systems with long-range interactions decaying by power law. As an application,
we show that the group velocity of information propagation grows by power law
in time for such systems, whereas systems with short-range interactions exhibit
a finite group velocity as shown by Lieb and Robinson.


title: Second post-Newtonian Lagrangian dynamics of spinning compact binaries

abstract:
  The leading-order spin-orbit coupling is included in a post-Newtonian
Lagrangian formulation of spinning compact binaries, which consists of the
Newtonian term, first post-Newtonian (1PN) and 2PN non-spin terms and 2PN
spin-spin coupling. This makes a 3PN spin-spin coupling occur in the derived
Hamiltonian. The spin-spin couplings are mainly responsible for chaos in the
Hamiltonians. However, the 3PN spin-spin Hamiltonian is small and has different
signs, compared with the 2PN spin-spin Hamiltonian equivalent to the 2PN
spin-spin Lagrangian. As a result, the probability of the occurrence of chaos
in the Lagrangian formulation without the spin-orbit coupling is larger than
that in the Lagrangian formulation with the spin-orbit coupling. Numerical
evidences support the claim.


title: Reliable Physical-layer Network Coding Supporting Real Applications

abstract:
  This paper presents the first reliable physical-layer network coding (PNC)
system that supports real TCP/IP applications for the two-way relay network
(TWRN). Theoretically, PNC could boost the throughput of TWRN by a factor of 2
compared with traditional scheduling (TS) in the high signal-to-noise (SNR)
regime. Although there have been many theoretical studies on PNC performance,
there have been relatively few experimental and implementation efforts. Our
earlier PNC prototype, built in 2012, was an offline system that processed
signals offline. For a system that supports real applications, signals must be
processed online in real-time. Our real-time reliable PNC prototype, referred
to as RPNC, solves a number of key challenges to enable the support of real
TCP/IP applications. The enabling components include: 1) a time-slotted system
that achieves us-level synchronization for the PNC system; 2) reduction of PNC
signal processing complexity to meet real-time constraints; 3) an ARQ design
tailored for PNC to ensure reliable packet delivery; 4) an interface to the
application layer. We took on the challenge to implement all the above with
general-purpose processors in PC through an SDR platform rather than ASIC or
FPGA. With all these components, we have successfully demonstrated image
exchange with TCP and twoparty video conferencing with UDP over RPNC.
Experimental results show that the achieved throughput approaches the PHYlayer
data rate at high SNR, demonstrating the high efficiency of the RPNC system.


title:
Spectrograms of ship wakes: identifying linear and nonlinear wave
  signals

abstract:
  A spectrogram is a useful way of using short-time discrete Fourier transforms
to visualise surface height measurements taken of ship wakes in real world
conditions. For a steadily moving ship that leaves behind small-amplitude
waves, the spectrogram is known to have two clear linear components, a
sliding-frequency mode caused by the divergent waves and a constant-frequency
mode for the transverse waves. However, recent observations of high speed ferry
data have identified additional components of the spectrograms that are not yet
explained. We use computer simulations of linear and nonlinear ship wave
patterns and apply time-frequency analysis to generate spectrograms for an
idealised ship. We clarify the role of the linear dispersion relation and ship
speed on the two linear components. We use a simple weakly nonlinear theory to
identify higher order effects in a spectrogram and, while the high speed ferry
data is very noisy, we propose that certain additional features in the
experimental data are caused by nonlinearity. Finally, we provide a possible
explanation for a further discrepancy between the high speed ferry spectrograms
and linear theory by accounting for ship acceleration.


title:
Sherlock: Sparse Hierarchical Embeddings for Visually-aware One-class
  Collaborative Filtering

abstract:
  Building successful recommender systems requires uncovering the underlying
dimensions that describe the properties of items as well as users' preferences
toward them. In domains like clothing recommendation, explaining users'
preferences requires modeling the visual appearance of the items in question.
This makes recommendation especially challenging, due to both the complexity
and subtlety of people's 'visual preferences,' as well as the scale and
dimensionality of the data and features involved. Ultimately, a successful
model should be capable of capturing considerable variance across different
categories and styles, while still modeling the commonalities explained by
`global' structures in order to combat the sparsity (e.g. cold-start),
variability, and scale of real-world datasets. Here, we address these
challenges by building such structures to model the visual dimensions across
different product categories. With a novel hierarchical embedding architecture,
our method accounts for both high-level (colorfulness, darkness, etc.) and
subtle (e.g. casualness) visual characteristics simultaneously.


title: Almost All Even Yao-Yao Graphs Are Spanners

abstract:
  It is an open problem whether Yao-Yao graphs $\mathsf{YY}_k$ (also known as
sparse-Yao graphs) are all spanners when the integer parameter $k$ is large
enough. In this paper we show that, for any integer $k\geq 42$, the Yao-Yao
graph $\mathsf{YY}_{2k}$ is a $t_k$-spanner, with stretch factor
$t_k=6.03+O(k^{-1})$ when $k$ tends to infinity. Our result generalizes the
best known result which asserts that all $\mathsf{YY}_{6k}$ are spanners for
$k$ large enough [Bauer and Damian, SODA'13]. Our proof is also somewhat
simpler.


title: A Simple Proof of Cauchy's Surface Area Formula

abstract:
  We give a short and simple proof of Cauchy's surface area formula, which
states that the average area of a projection of a convex body is equal to its
surface area up to a multiplicative constant in the dimension.


title: Deep CNNs for HEp-2 Cells Classification : A Cross-specimen Analysis

abstract:
  Automatic classification of Human Epithelial Type-2 (HEp-2) cells staining
patterns is an important and yet a challenging problem. Although both shallow
and deep methods have been applied, the study of deep convolutional networks
(CNNs) on this topic is shallow to date, thus failed to claim its top position
for this problem. In this paper, we propose a novel study of using CNNs for
HEp-2 cells classification focusing on cross-specimen analysis, a key
evaluation for generalization. For the first time, our study reveals several
key factors of using CNNs for HEp-2 cells classification. Our proposed system
achieves state-of-the-art classification accuracy on public benchmark dataset.
Comparative experiments on different training data reveals that adding
different specimens,rather than increasing in numbers by affine
transformations, helps to train a good deep model. This opens a new avenue for
adopting deep CNNs to HEp-2 cells classification.


title:
Depth Image Inpainting: Improving Low Rank Matrix Completion with Low
  Gradient Regularization

abstract:
  We consider the case of inpainting single depth images. Without corresponding
color images, previous or next frames, depth image inpainting is quite
challenging. One natural solution is to regard the image as a matrix and adopt
the low rank regularization just as inpainting color images. However, the low
rank assumption does not make full use of the properties of depth images.
  A shallow observation may inspire us to penalize the non-zero gradients by
sparse gradient regularization. However, statistics show that though most
pixels have zero gradients, there is still a non-ignorable part of pixels whose
gradients are equal to 1. Based on this specific property of depth images , we
propose a low gradient regularization method in which we reduce the penalty for
gradient 1 while penalizing the non-zero gradients to allow for gradual depth
changes. The proposed low gradient regularization is integrated with the low
rank regularization into the low rank low gradient approach for depth image
inpainting. We compare our proposed low gradient regularization with sparse
gradient regularization. The experimental results show the effectiveness of our
proposed approach.


title: Composite Weak Bosons at the Large Hadronic Collider

abstract:
  In a composite model of the weak bosons the p-wave bosons are studied. The
state with the lowest mass is identified with the boson, which has been
discovered at the LHC. Specific properties of the excited bosons are discussed,
in particular their decays into weak bosons and photons. Recently a two photon
signal has been observed, which might come from the decay of a neutral heavy
boson with a mass of about 0.75 TeV. This particle could be an excited weak
tensor boson.


title:
Trading-Off Cost of Deployment Versus Accuracy in Learning Predictive
  Models

abstract:
  Predictive models are finding an increasing number of applications in many
industries. As a result, a practical means for trading-off the cost of
deploying a model versus its effectiveness is needed. Our work is motivated by
risk prediction problems in healthcare. Cost-structures in domains such as
healthcare are quite complex, posing a significant challenge to existing
approaches. We propose a novel framework for designing cost-sensitive
structured regularizers that is suitable for problems with complex cost
dependencies. We draw upon a surprising connection to boolean circuits. In
particular, we represent the problem costs as a multi-layer boolean circuit,
and then use properties of boolean circuits to define an extended feature
vector and a group regularizer that exactly captures the underlying cost
structure. The resulting regularizer may then be combined with a fidelity
function to perform model prediction, for example. For the challenging
real-world application of risk prediction for sepsis in intensive care units,
the use of our regularizer leads to models that are in harmony with the
underlying cost structure and thus provide an excellent prediction accuracy
versus cost tradeoff.


title:
On the Poincar\'e and Gauge symmetry of a model where vector and axial
  vector interaction get mixed up with different weight

abstract:
  A $(1+1)$ dimensional model where vector and axial vector interaction get
mixed up with different weight is considered with a generalized masslike term
for gauge field. Through Poincar\'e algebra it has been made confirm that only
a Lorentz covariant masslike term leads to a physically sensible theory as long
as the number of constraints in the phase space is two. With that admissible
masslike term, phase space structure of this model with proper identification
of physical canonical pair has been determined using Diracs' scheme of
quantization of constrained system. The bosonized version of the model remains
gauge non-invariant to start with. Therefore, with the inclusion of appropriate
Wess-Zumino term it is made gauge symmetric. An alternative quantization has
been carried out over this gauge symmetric version to determine the phase space
structure in this situation. To establish that the Wess-Zumino fields allocates
themselves in the un-physical sector of the theory an attempts has been made to
get back the usual theory from the gauge symmetric theory of the extended
phase-space without hampering any physical principle. It has been found that
the role of gauge fixing is crucial for this transmutation.


title:
Generalized Kuga-Satake theory and good reduction properties of Galois
  representations

abstract:
  In previous work we described when a single geometric representation, valued
in a linear algebraic group, of the Galois group of a number field lifts
through a central torus quotient to a geometric representation. In this paper
we prove a much sharper result for systems of l-adic representations, such as
the l-adic realizations of a motive, having common "good reduction" properties.
Namely, such systems admit geometric lifts with good reduction outside a common
finite set of primes. The method yields new proofs of theorems of Tate (the
original result on lifting projective representations over number fields) and
Wintenberger (an analogue of our main result in the setting of lifting through
a central isogeny).


title:
Deformations of Galois representations and exceptional monodromy, II:
  raising the level

abstract:
  Building on lifting results of Ramakrishna, Khare and Ramakrishna proved a
purely Galois-theoretic level-raising theorem for two-dimensional odd
representations of the Galois group of Q. In this paper, we generalize these
techniques from type A1 to general (semi-)simple groups. We then strengthen our
previous results on constructing geometric Galois representations with
exceptional monodromy groups, achieving such constructions for almost all l,
rather than a density-one set, and achieving greater flexibility in the Hodge
numbers of the lifts; the latter improvement requires the new level-raising
result.


title: On New Quantum Codes From Matrix Product Codes

abstract:
  In this paper, by using matrix product codes, several classes of new quantum
codes are obtained. Moreover, some of them have better parameters than the
previous quantum codes available.


title: High-dimensional entanglement certification

abstract:
  Quantum entanglement is the ability of joint quantum systems to possess
global properties (correlation among systems) even when subsystems have no
definite individual property. Whilst the 2-dimensional (qubit) case is
well-understood, currently, tools to characterise entanglement in high
dimensions are limited. We experimentally demonstrate a new procedure for
entanglement certification that is suitable for large systems, based entirely
on information-theoretics. It scales more efficiently than Bell's inequality,
and entanglement witness. The method we developed works for arbitrarily large
system dimension $d$ and employs only two local measurements of complementary
properties. This procedure can also certify whether the system is maximally
entangled. We illustrate the protocol for families of bipartite states of
qudits with dimension up to $32$ composed of polarisation-entangled photon
pairs.


title: Convergence of the Cyclic and Quasi-cyclic Block Jacobi Methods

abstract:
  The paper studies the global convergence of the block Jacobi me\-thod for
symmetric matrices. Given a symmetric matrix $A$ of order $n$, the method
generates a sequence of matrices by the rule $A^{(k+1)}=U_k^TA^{(k)}U_k$,
$k\geq0$, where $U_k$ are orthogonal elementary block matrices. A class of
generalized serial pivot strategies is introduced, significantly enlarging the
known class of weak wavefront strategies, and appropriate global convergence
proofs are obtained. The results are phrased in the stronger form: $S(A')\leq c
S(A)$, where $A'$ is the matrix obtained from $A$ after one full cycle, $c<1$
is a constant and $S(A)$ is the off-norm of $A$. Hence, using the theory of
block Jacobi operators, one can apply the obtained results to prove convergence
of block Jacobi methods for other eigenvalue problems, such as the generalized
eigenvalue problem. As an example, the results are applied to the block
$J$-Jacobi method. Finally, all results are extended to the corresponding
quasi-cyclic strategies.


title:
Weak Anchoring and Surface Elasticity Effects in Electroosmotic Flow of
  Nematic Liquid Crystals Through Narrow Confinements

abstract:
  Advent of nematic liquid crystals flows have attracted renewed attention in
view of microfluidic transport phenomena. Among various transport processes,
electroosmosis stands as one of the efficient flow actuation method through
narrow confinement. In the present study, we explore the electrically actuated
flow of a nematic fluid with ionic inclusions taking into account the
influences from surface induced elastic and electrical double layer phenomena.
Influence of surface effects on the flow characteristics is known to get
augmented in micro-confined environment and must be properly addressed. Towards
this, we devise the coupled flow governing equations from fundamental free
energy analysis considering the contributions from first and second-order
elastic, dielectric, flexoelectric, ionic and entropic energies. We have
further considered weak anchoring surface conditions with second order
elasticity which helps us to more accurately capture the director deformations
along the boundaries. The present study focuses on the influence of surface
charge and elasticity effects in the resulting linear electroosmosis through a
slit-type microchannel whose surface are considered to be chemically treated in
order to display a homeotropic-type weak anchoring state. An optical periodic
stripe configuration of the nematic director has been observed especially for
higher electric fields wherein the Ericksen number for the dynamic study is
restricted to the order of unity.


title:
Non-perturbative renormalization of the axial current in $N_f = 3$
  lattice QCD with Wilson fermions and tree-level improved gauge action

abstract:
  We non-perturbatively determine the renormalization factor of the axial
vector current in lattice QCD with $N_f=3$ flavors of Wilson-clover fermions
and the tree-level Symanzik-improved gauge action. The (by now standard)
renormalization condition is derived from the massive axial Ward identity and
it is imposed among Schr\"{o}dinger functional states with large overlap on the
lowest lying hadronic state in the pseudoscalar channel, in order to reduce
kinematically enhanced cutoff effects. We explore a range of couplings relevant
for simulations at lattice spacings of $\approx 0.09$ fm and below. An
interpolation formula for $Z_A(g_0^2)$, smoothly connecting the
non-perturbative values to the 1-loop expression, is provided together with our
final results.


title:
Optimal Caching and User Association in Cache-enabled Heterogeneous
  Wireless Networks

abstract:
  Heterogenous wireless networks (Hetnets) provide a powerful approach to meet
the massive growth in traffic demands, but also impose a significant challenge
on backhaul. Caching at small base stations (BSs) and wireless small cell
backhaul have been proposed as attractive solutions to address this new
challenge. In this paper, we consider the optimal caching and user association
to minimize the total time to satisfy the average demands in cached-enabled
Hetnets with wireless backhaul. We formulate this problem as a mixed
discrete-continuous optimization for given bandwidth and cache resources.
First, we characterize the structure of the optimal solution. Specifically, we
show that the optimal caching is to store the most popular files at each pico
BS, and the optimal user association has a threshold form. We also obtain the
closed-form optimal solution in the homogenous scenario of pico cells. Then, we
analyze the impact of bandwidth and cache resources on the minimum total time
to satisfy the average demands. Finally, using numerical simulations, we verify
the analytical results.


title:
Grand Projection State: A Single Microscopic State to Determine Free
  Energy

abstract:
  Recently, we clarify connection of spatial constraint and equilibrium
macroscopic properties in disordered states of classical system under the fixed
composition; namely few special microscopic states, independent of constituent
elements, can describe macroscopic properties. In this study, we extend our
developed approach to composition-unfixed system. Through this extension in
binary system, we discover a single special microscopic state to determine not
only composition but also Helmholtz free energy measured from unary system,
which has not been described by a single state.


title:
Ultrathin metasurface with topological transition for manipulating spoof
  surface plasmon polaritons

abstract:
  Metasurfaces, with intrinsically planar nature and subwavelength thickness,
provide us unconventional methodologies to not only mold the flow of
propagating waves but also manipulate near-field waves. Plasmonic metasurfaces
with topological transition for controlling surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs)
recently have been experimentally demonstrated, which, however, are limited to
optical frequencies. In this work, we proposed and experimentally characterized
an ultrathin metasurface with the topological transition for manipulating spoof
SPPs at low frequency. We demonstrated rich interesting phenomena based on this
metasurface, including frequency-dependent spatial localization,
non-diffraction propagation, negative refraction, and dispersion-dependent
spin-momentum locking of spoof SPPs. Comparing with traditional
three-dimensional metamaterials, our metasurface exhibits low propagation loss
and compatibility with the photonic integrated circuit, which may find plenty
of applications in spatial multiplexers, focusing and imaging devices, planar
hyperlens, and dispersion-dependent directional couplers, in microwave and
terahertz frequencies.